text:
package org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command.management

import java.util

import scala.collection.JavaConverters._

import org.apache.spark.sql._
import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.TableIdentifier
import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.catalog.CatalogTypes.TablePartitionSpec
import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command.{AlterTableAddPartitionCommand, MetadataCommand}
import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command.table.CarbonCreateTableCommand

import org.apache.carbondata.common.logging.{LogService, LogServiceFactory}
import org.apache.carbondata.core.constants.CarbonCommonConstants
import org.apache.carbondata.core.datastore.impl.FileFactory
import org.apache.carbondata.core.indexstore.PartitionSpec
import org.apache.carbondata.core.metadata.{AbsoluteTableIdentifier, SegmentFileStore}
import org.apache.carbondata.core.metadata.schema.SchemaReader
import org.apache.carbondata.core.metadata.schema.partition.PartitionType
import org.apache.carbondata.core.metadata.schema.table.{DataMapSchema, TableInfo}
import org.apache.carbondata.core.metadata.schema.table.column.ColumnSchema
import org.apache.carbondata.core.statusmanager.{SegmentStatus, SegmentStatusManager}
import org.apache.carbondata.core.util.path.CarbonTablePath
import org.apache.carbondata.events.{OperationContext, OperationListenerBus, RefreshTablePostExecutionEvent, RefreshTablePreExecutionEvent}

/**
 * Command to register carbon table from existing carbon table data
 */
case class RefreshCarbonTableCommand(
    databaseNameOp: Option[String],
    tableName: String)
  extends MetadataCommand {
  val LOGGER: LogService =
    LogServiceFactory.getLogService(this.getClass.getName)

  override def processMetadata(sparkSession: SparkSession): Seq[Row] = {
    val metaStore = CarbonEnv.getInstance(sparkSession).carbonMetastore
    val databaseName = CarbonEnv.getDatabaseName(databaseNameOp)(sparkSession)
    // Steps
    // 1. get table path
    // 2. perform the below steps
    // 2.1 check if the table already register with hive then ignore and continue with the next
    // schema
    // 2.2 register the table with the hive check if the table being registered has aggregate table
    // then do the below steps
    // 2.2.1 validate that all the aggregate tables are copied at the store location.
    // 2.2.2 Register the aggregate tables
    val tablePath = CarbonEnv.getTablePath(databaseNameOp, tableName)(sparkSession)
    val identifier = AbsoluteTableIdentifier.from(tablePath, databaseName, tableName)
    // 2.1 check if the table already register with hive then ignore and continue with the next
    // schema
    if (!sparkSession.sessionState.catalog.listTables(databaseName)
      .exists(_.table.equalsIgnoreCase(tableName))) {
      // check the existence of the schema file to know its a carbon table
      val schemaFilePath = CarbonTablePath.getSchemaFilePath(identifier.getTablePath)
      // if schema file does not exist then the table will either non carbon table or stale
      // carbon table
      if (FileFactory.isFileExist(schemaFilePath, FileFactory.getFileType(schemaFilePath))) {
        // read TableInfo
        val tableInfo = SchemaReader.getTableInfo(identifier)
        // 2.2 register the table with the hive check if the table being registered has
        // aggregate table then do the below steps
        // 2.2.1 validate that all the aggregate tables are copied at the store location.
        val dataMapSchemaList = tableInfo.getDataMapSchemaList
        if (null != dataMapSchemaList && dataMapSchemaList.size() != 0) {
          // validate all the aggregate tables are copied at the storeLocation
          val allExists = validateAllAggregateTablePresent(databaseName,
            dataMapSchemaList, sparkSession)
          if (!allExists) {
            // fail the register operation
            val msg = s"Table registration with Database name [$databaseName] and Table name " +
                      s"[$tableName] failed. All the aggregate Tables for table [$tableName] is" +
                      s" not copied under database [$databaseName]"
            LOGGER.audit(msg)
            throwMetadataException(databaseName, tableName, msg)
          }
          // 2.2.1 Register the aggregate tables to hive
          registerAggregates(databaseName, dataMapSchemaList)(sparkSession)
        }
        registerTableWithHive(databaseName, tableName, tableInfo, tablePath)(sparkSession)
        // Register partitions to hive metastore in case of hive partitioning carbon table
        if (tableInfo.getFactTable.getPartitionInfo != null &&
            tableInfo.getFactTable.getPartitionInfo.getPartitionType == PartitionType.NATIVE_HIVE) {
          registerAllPartitionsToHive(identifier, sparkSession)
        }
      } else {
        LOGGER.audit(
          s"Table registration with Database name [$databaseName] and Table name [$tableName] " +
          s"failed." +
          s"Table [$tableName] either non carbon table or stale carbon table under database " +
          s"[$databaseName]")
      }
    } else {
      LOGGER.audit(
        s"Table registration with Database name [$databaseName] and Table name [$tableName] " +
        s"failed." +
        s"Table [$tableName] either already exists or registered under database [$databaseName]")
    }
    // update the schema modified time
    metaStore.updateAndTouchSchemasUpdatedTime()
    Seq.empty
  }

  /**
   * the method prepare the data type for raw column
   *
   * @param column
   * @return
   */
  def prepareDataType(column: ColumnSchema): String = {
    column.getDataType.getName.toLowerCase() match {
      case "decimal" =>
        "decimal(" + column.getPrecision + "," + column.getScale + ")"
      case others =>
        others
    }
  }

  /**
   * The method register the carbon table with hive
   *
   * @param dbName
   * @param tableName
   * @param tableInfo
   * @param sparkSession
   * @return
   */
  def registerTableWithHive(dbName: String,
      tableName: String,
      tableInfo: TableInfo,
      tablePath: String)(sparkSession: SparkSession): Any = {
    val operationContext = new OperationContext
    try {
      val refreshTablePreExecutionEvent: RefreshTablePreExecutionEvent =
        new RefreshTablePreExecutionEvent(sparkSession,
          tableInfo.getOrCreateAbsoluteTableIdentifier())
      OperationListenerBus.getInstance.fireEvent(refreshTablePreExecutionEvent, operationContext)
      CarbonCreateTableCommand(tableInfo, ifNotExistsSet = false, tableLocation = Some(tablePath))
        .run(sparkSession)
      LOGGER.audit(s"Table registration with Database name [$dbName] and Table name " +
                   s"[$tableName] is successful.")
    } catch {
      case e: AnalysisException => throw e
      case e: Exception =>
        throw e
    }
    val refreshTablePostExecutionEvent: RefreshTablePostExecutionEvent =
      new RefreshTablePostExecutionEvent(sparkSession,
        tableInfo.getOrCreateAbsoluteTableIdentifier())
    OperationListenerBus.getInstance.fireEvent(refreshTablePostExecutionEvent, operationContext)
  }

  /**
   * The method validate that all the aggregate table are physically present
   *
   * @param dataMapSchemaList
   * @param sparkSession
   */
  def validateAllAggregateTablePresent(dbName: String, dataMapSchemaList: util.List[DataMapSchema],
      sparkSession: SparkSession): Boolean = {
    var fileExist = false
    dataMapSchemaList.asScala.foreach(dataMap => {
      val tableName = dataMap.getChildSchema.getTableName
      val tablePath = CarbonEnv.getTablePath(Some(dbName), tableName)(sparkSession)
      val schemaFilePath = CarbonTablePath.getSchemaFilePath(tablePath)
      try {
        fileExist = FileFactory.isFileExist(schemaFilePath, FileFactory.getFileType(schemaFilePath))
      } catch {
        case e: Exception =>
          fileExist = false
      }
      if (!fileExist) {
        return fileExist;
      }
    })
    true
  }

  /**
   * The method iterates over all the aggregate tables and register them to hive
   *
   * @param dataMapSchemaList
   * @return
   */
  def registerAggregates(dbName: String,
      dataMapSchemaList: util.List[DataMapSchema])(sparkSession: SparkSession): Any = {
    dataMapSchemaList.asScala.foreach(dataMap => {
      val tableName = dataMap.getChildSchema.getTableName
      if (!sparkSession.sessionState.catalog.listTables(dbName)
        .exists(_.table.equalsIgnoreCase(tableName))) {
        val tablePath = CarbonEnv.getTablePath(Some(dbName), tableName)(sparkSession)
        val absoluteTableIdentifier = AbsoluteTableIdentifier
          .from(tablePath, dbName, tableName)
        val tableInfo = SchemaReader.getTableInfo(absoluteTableIdentifier)
        registerTableWithHive(dbName, tableName, tableInfo, tablePath)(sparkSession)
      }
    })
  }

  /**
   * Read all the partition information which is stored in each segment and add to
   * the hive metastore
   */
  private def registerAllPartitionsToHive(
      absIdentifier: AbsoluteTableIdentifier,
      sparkSession: SparkSession): Unit = {
    val metadataDetails =
      SegmentStatusManager.readLoadMetadata(
        CarbonTablePath.getMetadataPath(absIdentifier.getTablePath))
    // First read all partition information from each segment.
    val allpartitions = metadataDetails.map{ metadata =>
      if (metadata.getSegmentStatus == SegmentStatus.SUCCESS ||
          metadata.getSegmentStatus == SegmentStatus.LOAD_PARTIAL_SUCCESS) {
        val mapper = new SegmentFileStore(absIdentifier.getTablePath, metadata.getSegmentFile)
        val specs = mapper.getLocationMap.asScala.map { case(location, fd) =>
          var updatedLoc =
            if (fd.isRelative) {
              absIdentifier.getTablePath + CarbonCommonConstants.FILE_SEPARATOR + location
            } else {
              location
            }
          new PartitionSpec(fd.getPartitions, updatedLoc)
        }
        Some(specs)
      } else {
        None
      }
    }.filter(_.isDefined).map(_.get)
    val identifier =
      TableIdentifier(absIdentifier.getTableName, Some(absIdentifier.getDatabaseName))
    // Register the partition information to the hive metastore
    allpartitions.foreach { segPartitions =>
      val specs: Seq[(TablePartitionSpec, Option[String])] = segPartitions.map { indexPartitions =>
        (indexPartitions.getPartitions.asScala.map{ p =>
          val spec = p.split("=")
          (spec(0), spec(1))
        }.toMap, Some(indexPartitions.getLocation.toString))
      }.toSeq
      // Add partition information
      AlterTableAddPartitionCommand(identifier, specs, true).run(sparkSession)
    }
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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text:
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</LinearLayout>


LathaPuttanna has a way of coercing textiles to bring out their best. This time around, she has done it with crepe silk, but not without the able assistance of one of India's most traditional motifs – the Kalamkari. In this series, Kalamkari has been used with thread work to adorn the yokes in two different styles. Colored in eternally classic and traditional hues, these kurtas are also made to give your body the perfect shape and fit.


French striker Djibril Cisse will leave Liverpool in January unless he can convince coach Rafael Benitez that he is worth a place in the starting line-up.
"If my situation remains the same by December I'll make my move and I'll go," Cisse told a news conference at France's training camp outside Paris on Thursday.
"Being on the bench annoys me. I'm know it's selfish but I have to think about my own career. There's a World Cup which is coming and I want to be part of it," he said.
Cisse scored twice to help Liverpool win the European Super Cup against CSKA Moscow in August but has been relegated to the bench since.
Marseille have confirmed that they would be interested in taking Cisse on loan in January.


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text:
Fears as burglaries in Bacup area up 42 per cent in just 12 months
Figures also show over 1,300 Rossendale burglaries unsolved in last three years
Fears have been raised after figures revealed burglaries in parts of the Valley have surged in the last 12 months.
A total of 175 properties have been raided across Bacup, Britannia and Weir in 2016 - a 42 per cent rise from 123 the year before.
With the equivalent of one house break-in every other day, police in the area have admitted that cuts to their numbers have not helped.
Figures compiled by Irwell and Greensclough police also show theft and handling up 27 per cent, auto-crime up 37 per cent and violent crime up 18 per cent in the wards.
Rossendale councillor Peter Steen
Greensclough councillor Peter Steen said he is 'shocked and greatly concerned' and has called on the community to 'pull together' to support the police.
He said: "We have to be really looking at ourselves and our neighbours and asking 'what is going on?' It does concern me greatly.
"At one time I thought they were out-of-town gangs, but when you look at what's gone on it makes me think they are local opportunists, which does upset me.
"The police do a great job and work very hard, but they need support. The residents have got to start to pull together.
Your pictures as snowfall arrives in the Valley
"People know who are doing these crimes and what's going on. They are not done in isolation.
"We need to empower the people to come out and say 'enough is enough'. The police can't do it alone."
The Free Press reported in October last year how a museum boss claimed Bacup was becoming a 'lawless' town after cruel burglars broke into the Natural History Society and stole prized artefacts.
Maurice Priest, deputy chairman of the society, said he is 'not surprised' by the surge in break-ins.
He said: "It seems to be a regular occurrence. You feel more insecure. Somewhere like the NAT is a local treasure and you don't think anyone would break into it. They are the lowest of the low."
PCSO Chris Hamer
Bacup PCSO Chris Hamer said auto-crime, burglary and theft in general has seen a 'significant increase' over the year.
He said: "Reduced officer numbers over the years has seen officers lose flexibility with their time, hence adversely impacting their ability to deal with burglary offenders as proactively as they would like.
"In my own observation, I feel it has become less likely for burglary suspects, once charged, being remanded to prison until their court date which has in some cases allowed them to re-offend while on bail - which is incredibly frustrating for officers and the community.
"I must make it clear that the decision to remand a suspect does not lie with the police."
He added: "Despite the challenges we face, I want to reassure residents that officers are working incredibly hard in Bacup to bring criminals to justice. We work in the community, live in the community and keeping everyone safe is our priority.
"I will personally be working on more ways to engage with the local community to start more Neighbourhood Watch schemes in 2017."
Clive Grunshaw
Police and Crime Commissioner Clive Grunshaw said the loss of 1,200 police officers across the county is impacting on services and 'sadly I don't see crime reducing in the short term'.
He said: "Bacup isn't an anomaly.
"Nationally we are seeing crime rising – whatever the Government may be trying to tell us.
"In Lancashire crime isn't rising as fast as other areas, but it is now beginning to rise after falling for many years.
"When you take away resources from police forces and local public services there will be knock-on effects.
"Here in Lancashire, we have lost the equivalent of 1,200 staff from our force in the last six years – many of whom are officers - and that is now having an impact.
JAILED: Convicted sex offender who fled probation hostel
"But it is not just the police, councils are losing social care and specialist services that may support high-risk individuals and families too, so while the Constabulary will do all they can and work with local communities on crime prevention and building resilience sadly, I don't see crime reducing in the short term.
"What Lancashire residents can be assured of however is that our staff will continue to go the extra mile and work around the clock to keep them safe."
1,339 burglaries are still unsolved
More than 1,300 burglaries committed across Rossendale in the last three years remain unsolved, the Free Press can reveal.
Exclusive figures released by Lancashire Police under a Freedom of Information Act request show that 1,339 burglaries carried out since 2013 have seen nobody brought to justice.
Of those, dwelling (house) burglaries have seen a 57 per cent rise with 239 left unsolved in 2015/16 - up from 152 in 2013/14.
Separate Lancashire Police figures supplied to the Free Press have also revealed an increase in burglary offences in Waterfoot, Edenfield, Ramsbottom and Whitworth.
The figures compare the period July 2014 to July 2015 with July 2015 and July 2016.
In Waterfoot, 26 burglaries were reported this year, compared to 12 in the previous year.
In Edenfield, the number rose from 38 to 59 while in Ramsbottom burglaries have more than doubled, up from 38 to 81.
Whitworth saw the number of burglaries jump from 33 to 50.
Lancashire Police
Waterfoot
Edenfield

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Brewing Coffee for the Greater Good
Alum Eric Wilburn helps run a business that directly benefits the people and wildlife in a national park in Mozambique—and hopes it will be a model for others
"We could essentially completely change the way that conservation and human development is being funded around the world," said Eric Wilburn. Here a tour guide shows off with this years' coffee bean harvest. Photo: Courtesy of Gorongosa Coffee
By Taylor McNeil
Can you make the world a better place with a cup of coffee? Eric Wilburn, E12, is hoping so.
He is helping lead an experiment in social entrepreneurship—having impoverished farmers grow coffee in Gorongosa National Park in the southern African country Mozambique, which is then roasted and sold as a premium coffee.
Wilburn oversees international roasting, distribution, and marketing for Gorongosa Coffee, which offers its premium blends for mail order in the U.S. and Europe. Although "coffee is a very crowded space," as Wilburn said, Gorongosa Coffee has its selling points. For starters, it's the first and only specialty coffee from Mozambique, and its coffee is in the premium sector—the highest quality sold, he said.
But even more importantly, Wilburn said, is that this effort "really has the ability to fundamentally change the way that the national park is getting its funding." All the profits go back to the nature preserve where the farmers live, supporting the national park and its biodiversity efforts, and providing money for education for local girls as well as for health care and water and sanitation projects.
He's hoping that the coffee business will be a sustainable financial source for the national park—a model, in fact, that "could essentially completely change the way that conservation and human development is being funded around the world," he said.
It's a bit of an unlikely path for Wilburn, who graduated with a degree in civil and environmental engineering, and who had never been out of the country until after college. Inspired by a couple of classes at The Fletcher School and the activism of some of his classmates at Tufts, though, he signed up for the Peace Corps after graduation, and was assigned to teach in Mozambique.
His best friend in the Peace Corps ended up staying in Mozambique, becoming head of sustainable livelihoods in Gorongosa National Park, and Wilburn returned to help him annually to work on community conservation projects.
The park, with some 1,500 square miles of forest and savannahs, had been the scene of intense fighting in the sixteen-year civil war between the Mozambique government and the insurgent group RENAMO. The war ended in 1992 and left the area almost entirely devoid of wildlife.
But by 2010 the plant and animal life slowly made a comeback, and the park's success was popularized by naturalist E.O. Wilson's 2014 book A Window on Eternity: A Biologist's Walk Through Gorongosa National Park. Several thousand poor farmers who lived within the boundaries of the park were encouraged to remain as long as they farmed sustainably.
The Mozambican park warden thought areas of the park near Mount Gorongosa, which rises out of the rainforest, might well support coffee growing, and a colleague in neighboring Zimbabwe offered coffee seedlings. The initial batch in 2015 proved a perfect fit for Gorongosa, and farmers planted tens of thousands of seedlings.
In 2019, the first bumper crop of coffee beans came in, and with it the opportunity to start a business selling the coffee worldwide. Wilburn's former Peace Corps friend was named to run it, and signed up Wilburn as chief operating officer of the venture last summer. It's not his first venture though—he'd been involved with a couple of other social entrepreneurship startups since leaving the Peace Corps.
The business was just starting to scale up marketing efforts in the U.S. when the pandemic hit in March, and COVID-19 brought an abrupt halt to the tourism business that also funds the park. Besides the pandemic, and the lingering effects of the devastating 2019 Cyclone Idai, local politics is creating difficulties, as remnants of RENAMO still live in the area and fighting erupts sporadically.
But as a mail order product, there's been steady business, Wilburn said—and he is optimistic that this venture could have a lasting impact. Shifting away from being dependent on philanthropy and aid organizations would bode well for sustainable development, he said.
"What would the world look like if more for-profit organizations were owned by nonprofits, and were dedicated to serving and funding the mission of that nonprofit?" he said. "This is a model that we are just so excited about, because if we can do it in Gorongosa National Park, one of the most challenging places on earth, and create a sustainable and equitable model, there is no reason why we can't do this all over the world."
Taylor McNeil can be reached at taylor.mcneil@tufts.edu.
Pandemic Doesn't Slow Down Would-Be Entrepreneurs
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Now in the App Store is Puppy Panic and Puppy Panic HD: The new game for the whole family that lets you collect all the puppies that you can carry!
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text:
43 U.S. Code § 2809 - Limitation on use of Federal funds
(a) Definition
In this section, the term "implementation date" means the date that is 5 years after the date on which standards for each National Geospatial Data Asset data theme are established under section 2806 of this title.
(b) Limitation
Except as provided otherwise in this section, on and after the implementation date, a covered agency may not use Federal funds for the collection, production, acquisition, maintenance, or dissemination of geospatial data that does not comply with the applicable standards established under section 2806 of this title, as determined by the Committee.
(c) Exception for existing geospatial data
On and after the implementation date, a covered agency may use Federal funds to maintain and disseminate geospatial data that does not comply with the applicable standards established under section 2806 of this title if the geospatial data was collected, produced, or acquired by the covered agency before the implementation date.
(d) Waiver
The Chairperson of the Committee may grant a waiver of the limitation under subsection (b), upon a request from a covered agency submitted in accordance with paragraph (2).
(2) RequirementsA request for a waiver under paragraph (1) shall—
be submitted not later than 30 days before the implementation date;
provide a detailed explanation of the reasons for seeking a waiver;
provide a detailed plan to achieve compliance with the applicable standards established under section 2806 of this title; and
provide the date by which the covered agency shall achieve compliance with the applicable standards established under section 2806 of this title.
(e) Best efforts to comply during transition
During the period beginning on the date on which standards for a National Geospatial Data Asset data theme are established under section 2806 of this title and ending on the implementation date, each covered agency, to the maximum extent practicable, shall collect, produce, acquire, maintain, and disseminate geospatial data within the National Geospatial Data Asset data theme in accordance with the standards.
(Pub. L. 115–254, div. B, title VII, § 759A, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3427.)


VP of Design. Hands on designer. Fmr. Design Exec. @voxmediainc. Building design systems + visual solutions for brands.
This is an ongoing effort so dig in and get ready to prove design's worth at every opportunity you get. Unfortunately, "make things look pretty" is a phrase that minimizes the real strategy that goes into design. Great, inclusive design makes companies more money so find out where you can affect the bottom line and make a difference. At the end of the day, that's why you are there. To help the company be more successful. Embrace that side of the job to elevate perceptions of design's scope of problem solving.
The key is to flip your priorities to focus on your kids, friends and/or family. Trying to find balance is easier when you put them first. Similar to planning out your work day, family time needs to be factored in, scheduled and stuck to. It is a challenge that takes a lot of effort, but one that can be mastered with time.
Create a real schedule and use the words family, friends, wife...etc.
Giving yourself time in the mornings for yourself, friends or family makes a huge difference over time.
Clock out at 4pm. Every day. No exceptions.
You are in control of your schedule so give yourself a convenient time to break away from the computer everyday.
Do something nice for yourself every two weeks.
Spa day, massage or catch a movie. Personal time helps you recharge so that you don't feel like you are always on the run for others.
With growth, you will need to develop design systems that inform style guides, creative briefs, a clear vision and a design QA cadence with the entire team. The key is to get everyone on the team fluently speaking the same visual language. These conversations will help you define what quality means for your team and how to replicate in as many expressions as possible.
This document is important for repeating successful design over time. A good creative brief consists of the project, objective, target audience, visual spectrum, messaging and stakeholders.
This is where many ideas come together and inform a singular path forward.
Set up a design-qa room in Slack and encourage your team to flag inconsistencies in the design work. It's a neutral space where the team can work out the visual language together.
Clean, repeatable design systems that are easy for internal and external teams to use are crucial to consistent design over time.
Prescriptive guidelines with details to ensure design quality doesn't break down.


Here is a well written and insightful 2016 Workplace Report created by the architectural firm, Ted Moudis Associates. Ted Moudis Associates has offices in New York, Chicago and London.
We created a benchmarking database to provide insights on the metrics, trends and strategies that are influencing workplace design today. Spanning multiple industries and encompassing over 2.5 million square feet of workspace this robust tool provides the most comprehensive analysis of recent workplace design projects available.


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Finally and most importantly, verify the floor and inside all storage compartments for moisture and mildew. The ground around the sinks, tub, shower, and toilet are more likely to have water harm as a result of spillage. A homeowner chooses a floor plan and the panels are then assembled. After completely inspecting the exterior of the camper, you'll be able to then begin with the inside. You obtain an entire schematic that exhibits you exactly where every section of exterior and inside walls go. So, for the framing job, using pre-panelized walls can be the leg-up you want. Framing a home might be very complicated for the novice. Homeowners are capable of work with a building specialist at the prefabricated dwelling company. Prefabricated homes permit individuals with extra marginable expertise to truly carry out a lot of their very own labor during building. Stone, stucco and brick will be added to the outside of any prefabricated home. Make it real. Is it your time to truly bounce in with each toes and build your own dwelling? The development crew will then assemble the panels and build the house.
This will actually velocity the development course of. That may make it easier to handle the entire course of. Lot's of time, effort, and help is required. In the kitchen, test all the appliances to guarantee that they are working correctly, pay attention for unusual noise or smells, and look them over for injury. While wanting over the roof, be sure that all the racks and vents are tight and secured. Over a few years I've helped hundreds of people build their very own homes by the sweat of their very own brows. When there may be a specific plot of land that is desired, it can be time consuming to look ahead to an architect to design the home, hire the development crew and construct the house from the ground up. Since there's less to construct on site, the home is built considerably quicker than a normal building residence. Ask to see houses beneath development. But, for those who have the time and the honest desire, there are methods to use your own muscle, and that of your family and associates, and body your individual homes.
You will need to have your constructing division or engineer overview the procedures of your housing company earlier than the panels are made. Assuming you've discovered a very good and conscientious package dwelling firm to prefab your framing, you'll have quality, kiln-dried wood and really exacting measurements. Sometimes the codes followed by the equipment residence firm differs from the native code requirements you are coping with. Pluck that residence constructing dream from the clouds. In fact, it goes without saying that framing your own home is only one step in the home building course of. I often suggest them for individuals who want to do their own framing and a lot of their very own building. A lot of decisions are eradicated leaving you extra time for different things. These are huge time savers for the home-proprietor builder. Measuring is finished, nailing is finished, and window and door openings along with headers are in place and accomplished. Although these panels are assembled in dry factory situations on meeting jigs, they are not at all times 100% square and level.
You really must make it possible for the muse is made to the precise measurements of the panelized wall sections and that it is perfectly stage. Take a look at these plusses and minuses and choose for your self if prefab panelized wall methods make sense for you. These "package homes" embody panelized wall methods that make the means of framing simpler to grasp and accomplish. Do your homework. Check out the businesses that present package houses and panelization. Today's homeowner demands more, and prefab homes deliver. The issue is that historically constructed houses are sometimes very restricted in their choices. There are numerous kinds of properties on wheels, or mobile homes, akin to motor houses, truck campers, fifth wheel trailers, and journey trailers. While there are advantages, there are some cautions to be aware of. If it's not and you cannot feel it, don't be concerned there are numerous more used campers available to you. Turn on the water sides to make sure the pump(s) is working and if there is a hot water heater you'll know if it is working properly because of the temperature of the water.
Laborers at the plants are often unskilled and make errors. The foundation should be laid, the electrical, plumbing, interior finishing materials and labor, the roofing, siding, and many others. and so on. To verify you may handle all this it's wise to rent a house-constructing consultant/coach. Maybe you could be a framer in any case. This may cause confusion and mistakes. Check the tires, their threads, and brake controller if applicable (data on break controllers isn't that important however good to know). One advent in recent times has made the dream doable for individuals. Then the pieces are shipped to the positioning, leaving meeting as the only thing really left to be completed. Wall sections will probably be square and true. You might want to ask the company about their guarantees. The framing is done and delivered to you in sections, bigfoot log homes usually in the panel lengths that you request. It is not straightforward, to make certain.
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text:
Month: November 2013 Page 1 of 4
The best of Ohio, on sale in Washington Mmmm, Jeni's.
(Metropolitan Market)
I am the ghost of Christmas shopping! Boo!
(La Vie at Queen Anne)
Friday Five: Good Reads
No theme this week, just a collection of really interesting, though-provoking, and sometimes funny esays.
Neville Longbottom is the Most Important Person in Harry Potter-And Here's Why | Tor.comNeville Longbottom is what Peter Pettigrew might have been – why that's important to the Harry Potter arc.
via Tor
What Really Makes Katniss Stand Out? Peeta, Her Movie GirlfriendGeneral Hunger Games/Catching Fire information below; no huge surprises revealed. ] This weekend, Catching Fire, the second chapter of the Hunger Games film adaptations, raked in enormous piles of dough – with over $160 million in one weekend, it's the biggest November opening ever. Ever. (Take that, Twilight sequels.)
via Npr
In Defense Of Sarah SilvermanVariety TV critic Brian Lowry, in a piece entitled "Sarah Silverman's Bad Career Move: Being as Dirty as the Guys," warns that she is "veering into bad taste territory."
via Talkingpointsmemo
The 35 Greatest Easter Eggs From The "Doctor Who" 50th Anniversary445,582 Total Views Tagged: doctor who, day of the doctor, doctor who 50th anniversary, easter eggs, viral, win, doctor-who 4.6X Social Lift Stats 3. And here's Coal Hill School itself, where companions Ian Chesterton and Barbara Wright taught. Look closely… Chairman of the Governors: Ian Chesterton! And right under that it reads "W.
via Buzzfeed
25 Gifts For Writers1. Books This is about as obvious an answer as it gets ("What should I buy that starving child for Christmas?" "Um, food?" "Eh."), but just the same I'm surprised at how rarely I receive books as g…
via Terribleminds
Today is Thanksgiving in the US, and we've been enjoying the first day of our long weekend with lots of good food and a mini-marathon of Doctor Who.
I've always been a huge Doctor Who fan, dating back to when I was a kid. My room looked like a Doctor Who museum gift shop exploded in it. I watched every episode, read every book, and bought every poster and collectable I could get my hands on. Doctor Who fandom in the 1980s was a pretty small group in the US, but we were die-hard.
When the show relaunched in 2005, I was elated, and it once again became appointment television. Up until the middle of season six or so, at least. But something about the tenor of the developing storyline with Amy, Rory, and River was bothering me. It just didn't feel right;1 I still can't really articulate it, the whole story that was developing over the beginning of season 6 just didn't sit well with me.
There wasn't a breaking point; there wasn't a moment where I threw down the remote and said "That's it, I'm done!"2 But something was corrupted in my download of the subsequent episode, and I needed to go and re-download it3 and then we got distracted with this thing and that thing and….the next thing I knew, time had passed and we still hadn't gone back to pick it up. The things I was hearing about the developing storylines didn't actually make me feel like I wanted to come back to it, either. I did watch "Asylum of the Daleks" with runnerwolf, and the Christmas special "The Snowmen", because those were setting up the new companion. The first just refreshed my annoyance with the Rory/Amy storyline, and the second I liked well enough to say I wanted to watch the series again, but not so much that I immediately made room in my schedule for it.
Then, this last week, they aired the 50th Anniversary episode.
I had been keeping an eye on the lead up to the festivities, but I figured I'd wait and see what they actually did with it before committing to watching it. Multi-Doctor stories are tricky at the best of times, and I was a bit wary of what they might do with it. But after it aired I heard nothing but good things4, so I pulled it down and we settled in to watch it on Monday night.
To say I loved it would be an understatement. I'd been intending all week to write a more detailed reaction to it, but this was an episode that felt so perfectly right to me, with the right balance in tone between funny and serious, paid the right nods of respect to the classic series, and managed to hit a big reset button on some of the recent continuity in such a way that preserved the effect while lifting the staggering burden from the Doctor's shoulders so that he can move on without being blithe and simply deciding to ignore the monumental consequences of his actions.5
The net result of this has been a revitalisation of my interest in the adventures of the good Doctor, so today we settled down over our Thanksgiving dinner to start watching again. We're not going back to where we left off — I'm still not entirely ready to watch the rest of the Ponds's saga — but we did pick up with "The Bells of Saint John", which was the first proper episode featuring Clara as a companion. We got through four of them today, which is rather a lot in one stretch for us any more, and I'm finding myself quite engaged. Some of this is due to Clara herself. She really reminds me more of an old-school companion in her relationship to the Doctor, and she's smart and very capable. The details of her unfolding mystery are interesting enough, but mostly I just like her personality.
We expect to watch the remaining four episodes we're behind on over the weekend. I hope everyone had a wonderful day, and that, regardless of whether you are in the US or not, that you spent it enjoying life with people you love.
I expressed this to my friend Jeff, who has been my best friend since we were twelve and is also a devoted fan of the show. He said, "I'm sorry you don't like them." and I explained that it wasn't that I disliked them. I loved Amy and Rory to death, and what I didn't like was what was being DONE to them. ↩
In fact, the last episode we watched was "The Doctor's Wife" by Neil Gaiman, which I loved to bits. ↩
I still download the episodes off the underwebs. I don't trust BBCA not to make a dog's breakfast out of the episodes cutting them down for time, after the travesty of their edits on "The Eleventh Hour". ↩
Even Zander Nyrond, who has been a bitter critic of the new series, wrote "that actually wasn't bad. I shall probably watch it again, and who knows, it might even make "rather good."" ↩
Doctor Who has never been the world's most continuity-conscious shows in the best of times, but there are some elements you really do have to resolve on screen. ↩
It's not easy being a street busker with an upright piano.
(Pike Place Market)
Falling off, climbing back on
Well, after a good start, I finally hit a strech of not posting. First was the weekend, which had little to note in it other than visiting Larissa's aunt in Tacoma, which was lovely but uneventful. We did caught up in some of the traffic generated by the President's visit to our fair city, but all told it only added about 30 minutes to our trip home, at a rough estimate.
I'm pondering various content ideas to try and make sure I keep regular posting up, in addition to what I'm already doing with the Friday Five Digest. But for now, just know that things are moving along at a lovely pace, and my silence is largely a result of not much to say.
How's life going in your world?
Friday Five: Art
This week our theme is art in various forms.
A Single Thread Wrapped Around Thousands of NailsKumi Yamashita, whose mind-blowing shadow artworks have been featured before, uses a single, unbroken thread wrapped around thousands of nails to create stunning portraits of women and men. In the ongoing series entitled Constellation (a nod to the Greek tradition of tracing mythical figures in the sky), the Japanese artist (living and working in New York) uses three simple materials to produce these otherworldly works of art.
via TwistedSifter
Modern Renaissance Superhero Designs: Altered ArtWorth1000 hosts a variety of photo-editing and illustrative contests. One of their contest series, Superhero ModRen, challenges users to incorporate superheroes into fine art pieces. It's fun to see the contrast of modern characters we know and love placed in classic painting styles and poses.
via Design
As I wrote about over the weekend, I've finally done something I've needed to do for some time, which is find someone to sit down with who can help me expand my guitar toolkit. Tonight was my first meeting.
They have a nice little setup in the basement of a marina on Lake Union, with two small studio rooms. I met with my instructor, Mike, and spent a lot of time discussing my background, how I learned, what I was already good at, and so forth.1 Mike is a curious mixture of laid-back and hyper-focused, but I think I'll get along with him. He had me play a song for him2 just to watch my current style, and then we got down to the brass tacks of what I wanted to learn and how to get there.
We're starting out by refreshing on theory. Now, I know a bit of theory, because you can't hang out with folks like Gwen Knighton and Mary Crowell without absorbing some stuff just through osmosis, but I've never made a formal study of it. The last time I had any formal music instruction, I was too impatient to get to the "I wanna play a SONG" stage to really focus on it. I think I'll be a slightly more disciplined student today.
We did have an entertaining digression talking about how my personal guitar idols are.3
My homework for next week, aside from making a list of five "desert island" songs to send to him as background, is to play the note C. More specifically, to play all of the C notes on my fret board.4 I'm looking forward to Wednesdays for the next few weeks!
Actually, the very first thing that happened was I opened my guitar case, and Mike immediately gushed about what a lovely instrument it was, and took it to his partner's studio to show it to him. Because it's that nice. ↩
I randomly pulled "But The Days And Nights Are Long" by Cheryl Wheeler out of the air ↩
The Two Richards: Thompson and Shindell, Paul Simon, Robbie Robertson, Mark Knopfler, David Gilmour… ↩
I do actually understand the point of this exercise, but I've still been humming Beethoven's "Minuet in G" over and over since I left. ↩
Please do not fish or swim in the sewer.
(Myrtle Edwards Running Trail)
Mixed Messages
Because we watch TV on the TiVo, we rarely actually see commercials, but a recent ad by cognac giant Hennessey caught my ear,1 mostly due to their slogan juxtaposed with traditional disclaimers that accompany alcohol advertising on television in the US.
NEVER STOP.
I'm not entirely certain those three directions are entirely compatible with one another. Just sayin'…
The text on the screen was just the first two lines. The voice-over contained all three. ↩


text:
Q: left: initial doesn't work in internet explorer In IE, the tooltip is not shown like I want.
That's the correct display (chrome):

That's the wrong display (IE)

And that's my css:
.tooltipfullscreen:hover:after {
    left: initial;
    right: 0;
    transform: none;
}

A: IE doesn't support the initial keyword, and support for it was only just added to Microsoft Edge.
There really isn't much of a point using initial with properties like left — it's pretty well-known that the initial value of those properties is auto so just hardcode that in.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


In front of a newly opened pharmacy in Edmonton on October 17, Childs sold cookies to customers who were there stood four-hour lines, reports CNN. She sold out in 45 minutes and earned $ 120 C (19659002). "She did not quite understand what the big deal was," her father Seann Childs told CNN. "She just sold cookies in her head, but everyone was so happy to see them and congratulated her again and again."
Childs was not the only one willing to pay the munchies. Over the summer, as Canada prepared to legalize marijuana, many restaurant chains and food manufacturers were planning deals to conquer the new business.
Hershey Canada brought a special candy bar called "Oh Henry !:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ occurs five minutes past 4:20 pm ".
Food delivery company Foodora sold a "hotbox" special on April 20 for $ 4.20 in several Canadian cities. It came with brioche-style rolls topped with poutine, plus sunglasses and mints in a separate kit.
Meanwhile in Vancouver, a company called 4:20 Grasshopper Gourmet sells healthier snacks to "give people a better alternative when they get the munchies," said co-founder Kenny Vannucci told CBC.


Rudy does not want to be Santa Claus!
Jeffie makes a very pensive reindeer dog.
Rosie has figured out there are treats involved in posing with humiliating headgear!
Remember to enter our December Giveaway!
My pups agree with Rosie: anything for treats!
BOL! I hate wearing "hats" for a photo shoot. Dog bless Rosie for wearing them all!
LOL reminds me of trying to shoot Kilo wearing any accessories.
Oh, the things we put our pups through. Cute dogs.
Pensive reindeer dog looks like he's waiting for Santa and the sleigh - too cute!
Cute! Jeffie looks SO adorable. Rita is swooning. And also thanking her lucky stars I haven't made her do similar posing yet.... but her luck may run out!
That's funny. They are all cute!


text:
// Copyright (c) Microsoft.  All Rights Reserved.  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0.  See License.txt in the project root for license information.

using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.Syntax;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.Test.Utilities;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Test.Utilities;
using Roslyn.Test.Utilities;
using System.Linq;
using Xunit;

namespace Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.UnitTests
{
    public partial class IOperationTests : SemanticModelTestBase
    {
        [CompilerTrait(CompilerFeature.IOperation)]
        [Fact, WorkItem(17607, "https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/17607")]
        public void InvalidVariableDeclarationStatement()
        {
            string source = @"
using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        /*<bind>*/int x, ( 1 );/*</bind>*/
    }
}
";
            string expectedOperationTree = @"
IVariableDeclarationGroupOperation (1 declarations) (OperationKind.VariableDeclarationGroup, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'int x, ( 1 );')
  IVariableDeclarationOperation (2 declarators) (OperationKind.VariableDeclaration, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'int x, ( 1 ')
    Declarators:
        IVariableDeclaratorOperation (Symbol: System.Int32 x) (OperationKind.VariableDeclarator, Type: null) (Syntax: 'x')
          Initializer:
            null
        IVariableDeclaratorOperation (Symbol: System.Int32 ) (OperationKind.VariableDeclarator, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: '( 1 ')
          Initializer:
            null
          IgnoredArguments(1):
              ILiteralOperation (OperationKind.Literal, Type: System.Int32, Constant: 1, IsInvalid) (Syntax: '1')
    Initializer:
      null
";
            var expectedDiagnostics = new DiagnosticDescription[] {
                // CS1001: Identifier expected
                //         /*<bind>*/int x, ( 1 );/*</bind>*/
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_IdentifierExpected, "(").WithLocation(8, 26),
                // CS1528: Expected ; or = (cannot specify constructor arguments in declaration)
                //         /*<bind>*/int x, ( 1 );/*</bind>*/
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_BadVarDecl, "( 1 ").WithLocation(8, 26),
                // CS1003: Syntax error, '[' expected
                //         /*<bind>*/int x, ( 1 );/*</bind>*/
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_SyntaxError, "(").WithArguments("[", "(").WithLocation(8, 26),
                // CS1003: Syntax error, ']' expected
                //         /*<bind>*/int x, ( 1 );/*</bind>*/
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_SyntaxError, ")").WithArguments("]", ")").WithLocation(8, 30),
                // CS0168: The variable 'x' is declared but never used
                //         /*<bind>*/int x, ( 1 );/*</bind>*/
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.WRN_UnreferencedVar, "x").WithArguments("x").WithLocation(8, 23)
            };

            VerifyOperationTreeAndDiagnosticsForTest<LocalDeclarationStatementSyntax>(source, expectedOperationTree, expectedDiagnostics);
        }

        [CompilerTrait(CompilerFeature.IOperation)]
        [Fact, WorkItem(17607, "https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/17607")]
        public void InvalidSwitchStatementExpression()
        {
            string source = @"
using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        /*<bind>*/switch (Program)
        {
            case 1:
                break;
        }/*</bind>*/
    }
}
";
            string expectedOperationTree = @"
ISwitchOperation (1 cases, Exit Label Id: 0) (OperationKind.Switch, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'switch (Pro ... }')
  Switch expression:
    IInvalidOperation (OperationKind.Invalid, Type: Program, IsInvalid, IsImplicit) (Syntax: 'Program')
      Children(1):
          IOperation:  (OperationKind.None, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'Program')
  Sections:
      ISwitchCaseOperation (1 case clauses, 1 statements) (OperationKind.SwitchCase, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'case 1: ... break;')
          Clauses:
              IPatternCaseClauseOperation (Label Id: 1) (CaseKind.Pattern) (OperationKind.CaseClause, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'case 1:')
                Pattern:
                  IConstantPatternOperation (OperationKind.ConstantPattern, Type: null, IsInvalid, IsImplicit) (Syntax: 'case 1:')
                    Value:
                      IConversionOperation (TryCast: False, Unchecked) (OperationKind.Conversion, Type: Program, IsInvalid, IsImplicit) (Syntax: '1')
                        Conversion: CommonConversion (Exists: False, IsIdentity: False, IsNumeric: False, IsReference: False, IsUserDefined: False) (MethodSymbol: null)
                        Operand:
                          ILiteralOperation (OperationKind.Literal, Type: System.Int32, Constant: 1, IsInvalid) (Syntax: '1')
                Guard Expression:
                  null
          Body:
              IBranchOperation (BranchKind.Break, Label Id: 0) (OperationKind.Branch, Type: null) (Syntax: 'break;')
";
            var expectedDiagnostics = new DiagnosticDescription[] {
                // CS0119: 'Program' is a type, which is not valid in the given context
                //         /*<bind>*/switch (Program)
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_BadSKunknown, "Program").WithArguments("Program", "type").WithLocation(8, 27),
                // CS0029: Cannot implicitly convert type 'int' to 'Program'
                //             case 1:
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_NoImplicitConv, "1").WithArguments("int", "Program").WithLocation(10, 18),
                // CS0162: Unreachable code detected
                //                 break;
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.WRN_UnreachableCode, "break").WithLocation(11, 17)
            };

            VerifyOperationTreeAndDiagnosticsForTest<SwitchStatementSyntax>(source, expectedOperationTree, expectedDiagnostics);
        }

        [CompilerTrait(CompilerFeature.IOperation)]
        [Fact, WorkItem(17607, "https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/17607")]
        public void InvalidSwitchStatementCaseLabel()
        {
            string source = @"
using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        var x = new Program();
        /*<bind>*/switch (x.ToString())
        {
            case 1:
                break;
        }/*</bind>*/
    }
}
";
            string expectedOperationTree = @"
ISwitchOperation (1 cases, Exit Label Id: 0) (OperationKind.Switch, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'switch (x.T ... }')
  Switch expression:
    IInvocationOperation (virtual System.String System.Object.ToString()) (OperationKind.Invocation, Type: System.String) (Syntax: 'x.ToString()')
      Instance Receiver:
        ILocalReferenceOperation: x (OperationKind.LocalReference, Type: Program) (Syntax: 'x')
      Arguments(0)
  Sections:
      ISwitchCaseOperation (1 case clauses, 1 statements) (OperationKind.SwitchCase, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'case 1: ... break;')
          Clauses:
              ISingleValueCaseClauseOperation (Label Id: 1) (CaseKind.SingleValue) (OperationKind.CaseClause, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'case 1:')
                Value:
                  IConversionOperation (TryCast: False, Unchecked) (OperationKind.Conversion, Type: System.String, IsInvalid, IsImplicit) (Syntax: '1')
                    Conversion: CommonConversion (Exists: False, IsIdentity: False, IsNumeric: False, IsReference: False, IsUserDefined: False) (MethodSymbol: null)
                    Operand:
                      ILiteralOperation (OperationKind.Literal, Type: System.Int32, Constant: 1, IsInvalid) (Syntax: '1')
          Body:
              IBranchOperation (BranchKind.Break, Label Id: 0) (OperationKind.Branch, Type: null) (Syntax: 'break;')
";
            var expectedDiagnostics = new DiagnosticDescription[] {
                // CS0029: Cannot implicitly convert type 'int' to 'string'
                //             case 1:
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_NoImplicitConv, "1").WithArguments("int", "string").WithLocation(11, 18)
            };

            VerifyOperationTreeAndDiagnosticsForTest<SwitchStatementSyntax>(source, expectedOperationTree, expectedDiagnostics);
        }

        [CompilerTrait(CompilerFeature.IOperation)]
        [Fact, WorkItem(17607, "https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/17607")]
        public void InvalidIfStatement()
        {
            string source = @"
using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        var x = new Program();
        /*<bind>*/if (x = null)
        {
        }/*</bind>*/
    }
}
";
            string expectedOperationTree = @"
IConditionalOperation (OperationKind.Conditional, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'if (x = nul ... }')
  Condition:
    IConversionOperation (TryCast: False, Unchecked) (OperationKind.Conversion, Type: System.Boolean, IsInvalid, IsImplicit) (Syntax: 'x = null')
      Conversion: CommonConversion (Exists: False, IsIdentity: False, IsNumeric: False, IsReference: False, IsUserDefined: False) (MethodSymbol: null)
      Operand:
        ISimpleAssignmentOperation (OperationKind.SimpleAssignment, Type: Program, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'x = null')
          Left:
            ILocalReferenceOperation: x (OperationKind.LocalReference, Type: Program, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'x')
          Right:
            IConversionOperation (TryCast: False, Unchecked) (OperationKind.Conversion, Type: Program, Constant: null, IsInvalid, IsImplicit) (Syntax: 'null')
              Conversion: CommonConversion (Exists: True, IsIdentity: False, IsNumeric: False, IsReference: True, IsUserDefined: False) (MethodSymbol: null)
              Operand:
                ILiteralOperation (OperationKind.Literal, Type: null, Constant: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'null')
  WhenTrue:
    IBlockOperation (0 statements) (OperationKind.Block, Type: null) (Syntax: '{ ... }')
  WhenFalse:
    null
";
            var expectedDiagnostics = new DiagnosticDescription[] {
                // CS0029: Cannot implicitly convert type 'Program' to 'bool'
                //         /*<bind>*/if (x = null)
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_NoImplicitConv, "x = null").WithArguments("Program", "bool").WithLocation(9, 23)
            };

            VerifyOperationTreeAndDiagnosticsForTest<IfStatementSyntax>(source, expectedOperationTree, expectedDiagnostics);
        }

        [CompilerTrait(CompilerFeature.IOperation)]
        [Fact, WorkItem(17607, "https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/17607")]
        public void InvalidIfElseStatement()
        {
            string source = @"
using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        var x = new Program();
        /*<bind>*/if ()
        {
        }
        else if (x) x;
        else
/*</bind>*/    }
}
";
            string expectedOperationTree = @"
IConditionalOperation (OperationKind.Conditional, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'if () ... else')
  Condition:
    IInvalidOperation (OperationKind.Invalid, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: '')
      Children(0)
  WhenTrue:
    IBlockOperation (0 statements) (OperationKind.Block, Type: null) (Syntax: '{ ... }')
  WhenFalse:
    IConditionalOperation (OperationKind.Conditional, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'if (x) x; ... else')
      Condition:
        IConversionOperation (TryCast: False, Unchecked) (OperationKind.Conversion, Type: System.Boolean, IsInvalid, IsImplicit) (Syntax: 'x')
          Conversion: CommonConversion (Exists: False, IsIdentity: False, IsNumeric: False, IsReference: False, IsUserDefined: False) (MethodSymbol: null)
          Operand:
            ILocalReferenceOperation: x (OperationKind.LocalReference, Type: Program, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'x')
      WhenTrue:
        IExpressionStatementOperation (OperationKind.ExpressionStatement, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'x;')
          Expression:
            ILocalReferenceOperation: x (OperationKind.LocalReference, Type: Program, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'x')
      WhenFalse:
        IExpressionStatementOperation (OperationKind.ExpressionStatement, Type: null) (Syntax: '')
          Expression:
            IInvalidOperation (OperationKind.Invalid, Type: null) (Syntax: '')
              Children(0)
";
            var expectedDiagnostics = new DiagnosticDescription[] {
                // CS1525: Invalid expression term ')'
                //         /*<bind>*/if ()
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_InvalidExprTerm, ")").WithArguments(")").WithLocation(9, 23),
                // CS1525: Invalid expression term '}'
                //         else
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_InvalidExprTerm, "").WithArguments("}").WithLocation(13, 13),
                // CS1002: ; expected
                //         else
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_SemicolonExpected, "").WithLocation(13, 13),
                // CS0029: Cannot implicitly convert type 'Program' to 'bool'
                //         else if (x) x;
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_NoImplicitConv, "x").WithArguments("Program", "bool").WithLocation(12, 18),
                // CS0201: Only assignment, call, increment, decrement, await, and new object expressions can be used as a statement
                //         else if (x) x;
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_IllegalStatement, "x").WithLocation(12, 21)
            };

            VerifyOperationTreeAndDiagnosticsForTest<IfStatementSyntax>(source, expectedOperationTree, expectedDiagnostics);
        }

        [CompilerTrait(CompilerFeature.IOperation)]
        [Fact, WorkItem(17607, "https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/17607")]
        public void InvalidForStatement()
        {
            string source = @"
using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        var x = new Program();
        /*<bind>*/for (P; x;)
        {
        }/*</bind>*/
    }
}
";
            string expectedOperationTree = @"
IForLoopOperation (LoopKind.For, Continue Label Id: 0, Exit Label Id: 1) (OperationKind.Loop, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'for (P; x;) ... }')
  Condition:
    IConversionOperation (TryCast: False, Unchecked) (OperationKind.Conversion, Type: System.Boolean, IsInvalid, IsImplicit) (Syntax: 'x')
      Conversion: CommonConversion (Exists: False, IsIdentity: False, IsNumeric: False, IsReference: False, IsUserDefined: False) (MethodSymbol: null)
      Operand:
        ILocalReferenceOperation: x (OperationKind.LocalReference, Type: Program, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'x')
  Before:
      IExpressionStatementOperation (OperationKind.ExpressionStatement, Type: null, IsInvalid, IsImplicit) (Syntax: 'P')
        Expression:
          IInvalidOperation (OperationKind.Invalid, Type: ?, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'P')
            Children(0)
  AtLoopBottom(0)
  Body:
    IBlockOperation (0 statements) (OperationKind.Block, Type: null) (Syntax: '{ ... }')
";
            var expectedDiagnostics = new DiagnosticDescription[] {
                // CS0103: The name 'P' does not exist in the current context
                //         /*<bind>*/for (P; x;)
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_NameNotInContext, "P").WithArguments("P").WithLocation(9, 24),
                // CS0201: Only assignment, call, increment, decrement, await, and new object expressions can be used as a statement
                //         /*<bind>*/for (P; x;)
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_IllegalStatement, "P").WithLocation(9, 24),
                // CS0029: Cannot implicitly convert type 'Program' to 'bool'
                //         /*<bind>*/for (P; x;)
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_NoImplicitConv, "x").WithArguments("Program", "bool").WithLocation(9, 27)
            };

            VerifyOperationTreeAndDiagnosticsForTest<ForStatementSyntax>(source, expectedOperationTree, expectedDiagnostics);
        }

        [CompilerTrait(CompilerFeature.IOperation)]
        [Fact, WorkItem(17607, "https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/17607")]
        public void InvalidGotoCaseStatement_MissingLabel()
        {
            string source = @"
using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        switch (args.Length)
        {
            case 0:
                /*<bind>*/goto case 1;/*</bind>*/
                break;
        }
    }
}
";
            string expectedOperationTree = @"
IInvalidOperation (OperationKind.Invalid, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'goto case 1;')
  Children(1):
      ILiteralOperation (OperationKind.Literal, Type: System.Int32, Constant: 1, IsInvalid) (Syntax: '1')
";
            var expectedDiagnostics = new DiagnosticDescription[] {
                // CS0159: No such label 'case 1:' within the scope of the goto statement
                //                 /*<bind>*/goto case 1;/*</bind>*/
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_LabelNotFound, "goto case 1;").WithArguments("case 1:").WithLocation(11, 27)
            };

            VerifyOperationTreeAndDiagnosticsForTest<GotoStatementSyntax>(source, expectedOperationTree, expectedDiagnostics);
        }

        [CompilerTrait(CompilerFeature.IOperation)]
        [Fact(Skip = "https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/18225"), WorkItem(17607, "https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/17607")]
        public void InvalidGotoCaseStatement_OutsideSwitchStatement()
        {
            string source = @"
using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        /*<bind>*/goto case 1;/*</bind>*/
    }
}
";
            string expectedOperationTree = @"
IInvalidStatement (OperationKind.InvalidStatement, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'goto case 1;')
  ILiteralExpression (OperationKind.LiteralExpression, Type: System.Int32, Constant: 1) (Syntax: '1')
";
            var expectedDiagnostics = new DiagnosticDescription[] {
                // CS0153: A goto case is only valid inside a switch statement
                //         /*<bind>*/goto case 1;/*</bind>*/
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_InvalidGotoCase, "goto case 1;").WithLocation(8, 19)
            };

            VerifyOperationTreeAndDiagnosticsForTest<GotoStatementSyntax>(source, expectedOperationTree, expectedDiagnostics);
        }

        [CompilerTrait(CompilerFeature.IOperation)]
        [Fact, WorkItem(17607, "https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/17607")]
        public void InvalidBreakStatement_OutsideLoopOrSwitch()
        {
            string source = @"
using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        /*<bind>*/break;/*</bind>*/
    }
}
";
            string expectedOperationTree = @"
IInvalidOperation (OperationKind.Invalid, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'break;')
  Children(0)
";
            var expectedDiagnostics = new DiagnosticDescription[] {
                // CS0139: No enclosing loop out of which to break or continue
                //         /*<bind>*/break;/*</bind>*/
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_NoBreakOrCont, "break;").WithLocation(8, 19)
            };

            VerifyOperationTreeAndDiagnosticsForTest<BreakStatementSyntax>(source, expectedOperationTree, expectedDiagnostics);
        }

        [CompilerTrait(CompilerFeature.IOperation)]
        [Fact, WorkItem(17607, "https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/17607")]
        public void InvalidContinueStatement_OutsideLoopOrSwitch()
        {
            string source = @"
using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        /*<bind>*/continue;/*</bind>*/
    }
}
";
            string expectedOperationTree = @"
IInvalidOperation (OperationKind.Invalid, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'continue;')
  Children(0)
";
            var expectedDiagnostics = new DiagnosticDescription[] {
                // CS0139: No enclosing loop out of which to break or continue
                //         /*<bind>*/continue;/*</bind>*/
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_NoBreakOrCont, "continue;").WithLocation(8, 19)
            };

            VerifyOperationTreeAndDiagnosticsForTest<ContinueStatementSyntax>(source, expectedOperationTree, expectedDiagnostics);
        }

        [CompilerTrait(CompilerFeature.IOperation, CompilerFeature.Dataflow)]
        [Fact]
        public void InvalidStatementFlow_01()
        {
            string source = @"
using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    /*<bind>*/{
        switch (args.Length)
        {
            case 0:
                /*<bind>*/goto case 1;/*</bind>*/
                break;
        }
    }/*</bind>*/
}
";
            var expectedDiagnostics = new DiagnosticDescription[] {
                // file.cs(11,27): error CS0159: No such label 'case 1:' within the scope of the goto statement
                //                 /*<bind>*/goto case 1;/*</bind>*/
                Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_LabelNotFound, "goto case 1;").WithArguments("case 1:").WithLocation(11, 27)
            };

            string expectedFlowGraph = @"
Block[B0] - Entry
    Statements (0)
    Next (Regular) Block[B1]
Block[B1] - Block
    Predecessors: [B0]
    Statements (1)
        IFlowCaptureOperation: 0 (OperationKind.FlowCapture, Type: null, IsImplicit) (Syntax: 'args.Length')
          Value:
            IPropertyReferenceOperation: System.Int32 System.Array.Length { get; } (OperationKind.PropertyReference, Type: System.Int32) (Syntax: 'args.Length')
              Instance Receiver:
                IParameterReferenceOperation: args (OperationKind.ParameterReference, Type: System.String[]) (Syntax: 'args')

    Jump if False (Regular) to Block[B3]
        IBinaryOperation (BinaryOperatorKind.Equals) (OperationKind.BinaryOperator, Type: System.Boolean, IsImplicit) (Syntax: '0')
          Left:
            IFlowCaptureReferenceOperation: 0 (OperationKind.FlowCaptureReference, Type: System.Int32, IsImplicit) (Syntax: 'args.Length')
          Right:
            ILiteralOperation (OperationKind.Literal, Type: System.Int32, Constant: 0) (Syntax: '0')

    Next (Regular) Block[B2]
Block[B2] - Block
    Predecessors: [B1]
    Statements (2)
        ILiteralOperation (OperationKind.Literal, Type: System.Int32, Constant: 1, IsInvalid) (Syntax: '1')

        IInvalidOperation (OperationKind.Invalid, Type: null, IsInvalid) (Syntax: 'goto case 1;')
          Children(0)

    Next (Regular) Block[B3]
Block[B3] - Exit
    Predecessors: [B1] [B2]
    Statements (0)
";
            VerifyFlowGraphAndDiagnosticsForTest<BlockSyntax>(source, expectedFlowGraph, expectedDiagnostics);
        }
    }
}


text:
Q: Explanation of piece of code used in header files for socket programming Can anybody explain me this piece of code?
/* Pad to size of `struct sockaddr'.  */
unsigned char sin_zero[sizeof (struct sockaddr) -
                       __SOCKADDR_COMMON_SIZE -
                       sizeof (in_port_t) -
                       sizeof (struct in_addr)];

here sin_zero is a char array but what is remaining part? It should be some integer. what this sign "-" means? Can anybody explain this to me?

A: Well, the - is called a "minus" :-) Seriously, everything between the square brackets is meant to calculate the size of sin_zero, which is a so-called padding. It's a member inside struct sockaddr_in, and it's just here to make sure that struct sockaddr_in is exactly of a certain size, most likely 16 bytes. The idea is to ensure that most(*) struct sockaddr variants are of the same size to avoid malloc problems.
Quoting a document I found on the subject:

The POSIX specification requires only three members in the structure: sin_family, sin_addr, and sin_port. It is acceptable for a POSIX-compliant implementation to define additional structure members, and this is normal for an Internet socket address structure. Almost all implementations add the sin_zero member so that all socket address structures are at least 16 bytes in size.

(*) In an earlier version, I wrote all. @MaximYegorushkin correctly noted that this is not true, for example struct sockaddr_un is bigger. If you want the maximum size that fits all types of addresses, use sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage). This struct exists only for this purpose (AFAIK).

A: sin_zero is a structure member that is used to pad out the structure to a certain minimum size. In this case, the amount of padding is calculated by starting with the desired size (sizeof (struct sockaddr)) and subtracting the space taken up by the other struct members from it.
So, to answer the question: The sign "-" here just means "subtraction".

A: I run into this question while learning C, too.
For other beginners (like me) it could be interesting to know that it seems to be kind of important clearing *sin_zero* in your programs (more on this topic can be found HERE).
On some systems/architectures it can cause problems and on others it can be fine not explicitly clearing *sin_zero*.
Example for clearing sin_zero:
struct sockaddr_in serversin;
memset(&serversin, 0, sizeof(serversin));
serversin.sin_family = ...;
serversin.sin_addr = ...;
serversin.sin_port = ...;

To prevent some future bugs I think it's best practice to explicitly clear it.

A: Sockaddr contains some things like in_addr and in_port_t, and it has room for some more. The sin_zero is the remaining size in sockaddr. It is the size of sockaddr which is not filled with something else.
Supposedly the sin_zero variable would be initialised to all null bytes, and set as the last field or at the end of the sockaddr struct. The purpose of this is to set the remaining bytes to null.

A: sin_zeor is a char array with the size calculated with the formula in the [] brackets
The '-' sign is actually a mathematical minus sign :-)
hth
Mario

A: It calculates the size of the array based on the size of some structs and a constant. The sign "-" means minus.


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Tamaño: Aprox. 31.5cm * 31.5cm * 8cm / 12.4 "* 12.4" * 3.15 "
. Es adecuado para los bebés de 2 + años de edad.
altura de la mesa y permite que el niño alcance la superficie de la mesa mientras se come.
Esta entrada se publicó en BEBÉS, JUGUETES, NIÑAS y está etiquetada con Cojín elevador Portátil, Silla de Refuerzo, ST-9596, StillCool, StillCool Cojín de asiento infantil en 08/02/2018 por Neville Charbonnier.


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text:
14 Best Men's Overcoat Brands: Ultimate Guide (Updated 2022)
If you have good taste, as the saying goes, you can shop anywhere. But knowing what to buy when you get there, well that's a different story altogether.
For all the smart-casual occasions that might come up during the winter season, it's hard to beat a classic men's overcoat. Insulating, versatile and an easy way to take any look up a notch, the outerwear style is a fundamental part of any well turned-out man's wardrobe.
Wool might not be waterproof, but it is water-resistant, capable of holding 20 percent of its weight in water before feeling heavy or wet. It's also one of the warmest fabrics around, made up of fine fibers that trap air that can be heated up by the body. And then there's the overcoat's simple, evergreen cut, which means you can take it to the Christmas party just as easily as you can throw it over a hoodie to wait in line for the latest Supreme drop.
In case you needed any more convincing, here we take you through everything you need to need to know about this most enduring of menswear pieces – from the best places to buy one to the key ways you can style it.
What Is An Overcoat?
As with many contemporary menswear staples, it's difficult to pinpoint exactly when the overcoat first emerged. Several online accounts name 1772 as the year the overcoat was invented, while others claim the early 19th century was when they really came into their own.
Regardless, usage of the word itself dates back to the late 18th century, meaning overcoats were being worn before the Regency Period in Britain.
Crafted from a heavy fabric such as wool (Merino, melton etc.), the overcoat is a long-sleeved coat that can be either single- or double-breasted, and usually has a single vent at the back.
The topcoat, on the other hand, is a variant plenty of people often confuse with the overcoat and is made from a lighter fabric, extending to the knee at its very longest. To add to the confusion, there's the greatcoat, which – for all intents and purposes – is just a way of referring to an overcoat that's particularly bulky, heavy and hard-wearing.
Shop The Look Here
What To Look For When Buying An Overcoat?
If you're looking to invest in an overcoat that you'll wear for years to come, choose a style that is 100 per cent wool and that has a decent weight to it (around 4lbs for most men).
"Men's Overcoats made entirely of wool will keep you warm and can weather the storm without falling to pieces," says Chris Gove, founder of British menswear brand Percival.
Alternatively, you could try a cashmere version, but not only are these usually eye-wateringly expensive, they're also likely to show wear at the cuffs and collar quicker than a 100 per cent wool design would. Try a wool-cashmere blend if you just can't do without a little luxury.
Despite being the final thing you throw on before heading outside, how an overcoat hangs off your body shouldn't be a last-minute thought.
"Fit is extremely important when deciding on a men's overcoat," says Alex McCart, head of menswear buying at Reiss. "If you're to wear it over a suit, it is important to make sure that there is enough room in the shoulders and waist to fit your blazer underneath. As well as it being very uncomfortable, it can look like the coat is too small for you.
"If you're looking for something more casual, then its best to try the size down for a sleeker look, and something with a softer shoulder."
Forking out for a good quality men's overcoat may set you back financially, but this is an investment you're sure to receive a handsome return on. But only providing you wear it regularly, which means getting your colour choice right.
"Navy is going to look great with almost all of your wardrobe, however, don't be afraid to try on a rich camel," says McCart. "This will look equally as good with tailoring but also a great colour to dress down with denim."
Like the shirts, trousers and ties in your rotation, block colours should be your starting point before moving on to more interesting patterns such as checks.
While designers are constantly re-imagining the overcoat, adding elbow patches, appliqué details, contrast collars and raglan shoulders, there are two main styles to choose from: single-breasted and double-breasted.
Single-breasted versions are more minimal and clean, enabling them to be paired with everything from your nine-to-five suits to a jeans and Oxford shirt combination at the weekend. Double-breasted overcoats, on the other hand, have a formidable air of tradition about them and pair more easily with tailoring unless worn unbuttoned and dressed down.
"Some of my favourite overcoat styles this season have been single-breasted belted styles," says Frazer Goater, a personal stylist at Harvey Nichols in London. "I think something with texture and a herringbone finish can help make a statement too."
How To Wear An Overcoat
As you'll likely have gathered by now, the overcoat is intended as an outer layer for wear during the colder months. Many people think it's merely the final, winter-appropriate addition to a suit, but this essential has so much more potential.
For a casual look inspired by the skinheads, try a coat with a trim-fitting gingham shirt, rolled-up acid wash jeans, ribbed boot socks and a pair of chunky Dr Martens. For something that's refined but not formal, wear it over a slim-fit blazer, jumper, white Oxford shirt and wool trousers, then finish with Derbies.
"I would also try an overcoat layered over a hoodie or denim jacket with chinos and trainers to nail that '90s style," says menswear stylist Sarah Gilfillan, who also recommends you pick your style of overcoat depending on your height.
"If you're a shorter guy, don't overwhelm yourself with fabric and go for a neat, single-breasted, above the knee style. If you're taller and a large build then you can afford to experiment with raglan sleeved styles and calf-length coats."
Best Overcoat Brands
A Day's March
The cut, quality, and affordability of the clothes on offer at Swedish menswear brand A Day's March have made it an under-the-radar favorite among the menswear pack. Its overcoats are no exception, offering contemporary updates of traditional styles with a shoulder-hugging fit and often produced using wool sourced from historic Italian mills.
Premium high street brand Reiss specializes in classic British style without the waffle. It makes sense, then, that it excels at the simply cut men's overcoat, crafting the heritage staple out of a neat textured wool-blend in a modern, slim fit. Grab a version in a light, oatmeal shade of camel for a slick take on this outerwear icon.
When it comes to making clothes, Hugo Boss has German engineering down to a tee. Case in point: the brand's cashmere and wool-blend men's overcoats, which swap bells and whistles for smooth, suit-like linings and notched lapels swiped straight from the tailoring handbook.
For proof you don't have to skip a few meals in order to afford a quality overcoat, look no further than Marks & Spencer. The ever-consistent department store turns out classic iterations made from wool spun at the celebrated Balli mill in Northern Italy as well as more trend-led and statement takes.
Quality and responsible garment maker Asket works towards creating no-compromise clothing that will last a lifetime. Their fierce focus on garment longevity secures their pieces as stables in any man's minimalist wardrobe. Committing to 'Lifecycle Responsibility' Asket is ready to help repair or take back pieces of their clothing you no longer wear to either repurpose or continue a second life. But with their timeless tailoring with both comfort and function in mind, there is little chance you won't get your money's and season's worth out of this jacket.
Dubbed 'The King of Cashmere', Italian designer Brunello Cucinelli has been spinning the soft stuff into luxury clothes since the mid-'80s. The brand's overcoats strike a balance between unstructured styles and a those with a more rigid cut, in a smart yet modern colour palette of light greens and deep browns. Basically, outerwear doesn't get much better than this.
At Ted Baker, it's what's on the inside that counts, so expect jazzy linings aplenty at the British brand. Not that the outside has been forgotten, mind. Its overcoats are made out of expertly woven materials and cut slightly cropped, which makes them more flattering for shorter body types.
With an enumerable list of famous wearers, it's no understatement to say that Dolce & Gabbana is one of the pinnacle makers of the overcoat. The brand is so synonymous with the classic silhouettes and haute streetwear that some other labels follow quickly after D&G releases a new season capsule to get their cut of the newest trends.
NNO7
NN07 (which stands for 'no nationality') takes a global approach with its clothing. As a result, overcoats by the Copenhagen-based label sit somewhere between British formality with their smart double-breasted cut and the looser almost unisex fit more popular among its fellow Scandinavian brands. Keep your outfit underneath slim for maximum impact.
With revered designer Hedi Slimane at the helm, luxury fashion label Celine has been quietly stopping slim-fits from falling to the bottom of the fashion pile. Its overcoats are still cut with some room, but the soft shoulders brought on by a relaxed raglan sleeve mean they work best with a sharper, slimmer fit underneath.
Classic runway and streetwear brand Gucci complements any outfit with a splash of their classic eye-catching outerwear. Consistently pushing the boundaries, it's no surprise their outerwear capsule is jam-packed with color and patterns, plus with different length options, there is a cut for every type of body. It's what's on the outside that counts, right? Time to catch the attention of all those onlookers this season.
Wax London
Focused on classic cuts and wardrobe staples Wax London still tries to do their best as a company to be responsible to its stakeholders and the environment. By creating a journey with their customers in mind, their pieces add well to many wardrobes. Specifically, the outerwear pieces are created with an unstructured fit that means they pair well alongside casual streetwear pieces. At the pub or headed to a party their shower-proof, harder-to-crease cotton and rattle-free silver snaps will get to there in style.
The Evolution Of The Overcoat
Formerly used as a means of indicating (usually higher) class and social status, the men's overcoat found itself the subject of some serious re-appropriation in the 1950s, when the Teddy Boys started gleaning style inspiration from the Edwardian Era.
Worn with high-waisted, stovepipe trousers and chunky brogues or creepers, the Teds breathed new life into the silhouette, lending it a little rebelliousness.
In the 1960s, as skinhead culture began to seep out of the more radical sectors of the disenfranchised British working class, the men's overcoat was once again given an all-new guise.
Spurred on by the Teds' and mods' reinterpretation of clothing traditionally associated with the upper classes, many skinheads began to team men's overcoats with rolled-up jeans, 'bovver' boots and sharply-cut check shirts buttoned all the way to the top.
Later, during the early 1970s, the suedeheads – an offshoot of the skinhead subculture – would go on to fully embrace the silhouette, combining it with smarter attire, such as Prince of Wales check suits and brogues.
It was also around this time that knee-length silhouettes really gained traction as the more versatile, practical style, rather than the dramatic full-length versions that originally defined the overcoat.
By the 1980s, the men's overcoat had made an almighty return to the mainstream, becoming a key piece in the power dressing professional's wardrobe – often cut boxy, slightly oversized and worn over the relaxed suiting made so popular by Italian designers like Giorgio Armani.
Now, given the #menswear generation's renewed interest in all things tailoring, the men's overcoat has returned to the forefront of fashion.
This article was originally published by Fashionbeans.com. Read the original article here.


text:
Armadillidium pretusi is een pissebed uit de familie Armadillidiidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1992 door Cruz.

Rolpissebedden

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Reference: 2016, Vol 37, No 1, pp. 63-75.
Abstract: This paper shows how the recently developed formulation of conformal geometric algebra can be used for analytic inverse kinematics of two six-link industrial manipulators with revolute joints. The paper demonstrates that the solution of the inverse kinematics in this framework relies on the intersection of geometric objects like lines, circles, planes and spheres, which provides the developer with valuable geometric intuition about the problem. It is believed that this will be very useful for new robot geometries and other mechanisms like cranes and topside drilling equipment. The paper extends previous results on inverse kinematics using conformal geometric algebra by providing consistent solutions for the joint angles for the different configurations depending on shoulder left or right, elbow up or down, and wrist flipped or not. Moreover, it is shown how to relate the solution to the Denavit-Hartenberg parameters of the robot. The solutions have been successfully implemented and tested extensively over the whole workspace of the manipulators.
 Dorst, L., Fontijne, D., and Mann, S. (2009). Dorst, L, , Fontijne, D., and Mann, S. Geometric Algebra for Computer Science: An Object-Oriented Approach to Geometry. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc. San Francisco, CA, USA. http://www.geometricalgebra.net/, .
 Hildenbrand, D., Fontijne, D., Wang, Y., Alexa, M., and Dorst, L. (2006). Hildenbrand, D, , Fontijne, D., Wang, Y., Alexa, M., and Dorst, L. Competitive runtime performance for inverse kinematics algorithms using conformal geometric algebra. Eurographics conference. pages 2006--2006. http://www.gaalop.de/dhilden_data/EG06_Performance.pdf, .
 Siciliano, B., Sciavicco, L., Villani, L., and Oriolo, G. (2009). Siciliano, B, , Sciavicco, L., Villani, L., and Oriolo, G. Robotics: modelling, planning and control. 2009. http://www.springer.com/fr/book/9781846286414, .


All contributions will go toward Temple supplies, Temple upkeep, Pandit's family, and other Temple expenses. As a result, you will receive the many blessings and benefits bestowed upon a supporter of the Temple, as well as the benefits of the service you have selected.
Contributing to a greater cause rather than focusing on the small self (personality desires) will bring bigger blessings. It will also bring more awareness of God within and more consciousness of the greater good. This will give a boost to each and every devotee. We invite you to feel the difference of a Vedic Temple and a Vedic Pandit.