There's a new restaurant to visit when you're looking to get out of the heat in Epcot. L'Artisan des Glaces Sorbet and Ice Cream Shop has opened in the France Pavilion.
The shop features 16 fresh-made flavors of ice cream and sorbet. Our friends at the Disney Food Blog shared the menu and the available flavors include Vanilla, Chocolate, Profiterole, Caramel fleur de sel, Mint Chocolate, Cherry, Pistachio, Coco-White Chocolate, Hazelnut, and Coffee. Sorbet flavors include Strawberry, Lemon, Mango, Pomegranate, Melon, and Mixed Berries. Of course, flavors are subject to change at any time.
So while the kids are enjoying their mint chocolate chip cone, the adults can have something special too - ice cream or sorbet served with a shot of either Grand Marnier, Clement Rhum from Martinique, or Whipped Cream flavored Epic Vodka. Ice cream and sorbet with liquor is served in a martini glass. Non-alcoholic ice cream and sorbet orders are served in one- or two-scoop sizes in either a cone or a cup.
Are you making plans to visit L'Artisan des Glaces Sorbet and Ice Cream Shop on your next trip! Leave us a comment and tell us what flavor you can't wait to try!
Heading down in Sept. Think I'll try caramel fleur de sel with Whipped Cream flavored Epic Vodka, or mixed berries with Clement Rum or Pomegranate and Grand Marnier! Mmmmmm!!!
I can't wait! I will be there in one week and I'm so getting ice cream!


text:
Q: Google Maps API drawing custom markers : Need help understanding this example I found I found this example of a google map custom marker that draws a pin shape.
function setMarker(map, lat, lng, name) {
    var position = new google.maps.LatLng(lat,lng);
    var marker = new google.maps.Marker({
        position: position,
        icon: pinSymbol('red'),
    });

    marker.setMap(map);
}

function pinSymbol(color) {
    return {
        path: 'M 0,0 C -2,-20 -10,-22 -10,-30 A 10,10 0 1,1 10,-30 C 10,-22 2,-20 0,0 z',
        fillColor: color,
        fillOpacity: 0.5,
        strokeColor: '#000',
        strokeWeight: 1,
        scale: 1.5
    };
}

I need help understanding this part:
path: 'M 0,0 C -2,-20 -10,-22 -10,-30 A 10,10 0 1,1 10,-30 C 10,-22 2,-20 0,0 z',

How does this draw a pin shape? I've been trying for a while to figure out this format of drawing with no luck. How would I draw a rectangle or another polygon instead of a pin?

A: The pin shape is determined using SVG PathData. The "path" attribute describes the shape using several instructions and coordinates.

A path is defined by including a 'path' element which contains a d="(path data)" attribute, where the 'd' attribute contains the moveto, line, curve (both cubic and quadratic Béziers), arc and closepath instructions.

Basically each letter is an instruction and each number is a coordinate.
"M x y" executes the command "MOVETO" and moves the cursor the point of coordinate (x,y). The list of commands is available on the link above.
You could manually construct your shape, however it would get cumbersome for more complex icons. You can get the PathData from more complex SVG files using Gimp or Inkscape.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Being a member of the East Brunswick Leo Club has helped me realize how much of an positive impact our club can have on the community. I think that it is important for young people to be able to participate in the various volunteering opportunities that the Leo Club provides and learn from these experiences. I am proud to be a Leo and I am eager to continue my work as Vice President.
To me, Lions Club isn't just a place where I get to serve the surrounding community. Through park cleanups and clearing hiking trails and volunteering time at food banks, the volunteering organization itself is a way for people to get to know one another and grow as a group. I didn't expect to be able to adjust to Lions Club so fast, but after seeing how people my age made an impact on the community by doing simple things like taking the time to perform music at places like the Veteran's House, it's safe to say that I'm glad I joined, and I'm lucky to be Vice President.
As Calvin Coolidge once said, "No person was ever honored for what he received. Honor has been the reward for what he gave. Being a Leo has helped me give back to my community and grow as a person. Though planting trees, creating trails, and participating in other such events, I have gained valuable experiences and learned unforgettable lessons.
In April of 2017, I joined the Edison Metro Lions Club, and I have never regretted that decision. Being a member of this club has provided me many excellent opportunities to make my community so much better, allowing me to help clean up our public parks, provide food to the needy, give books to the less fortunate, and so much more. The events and experiences that I have witnessed as part of this group will stay with me forever. Edison Metro Lions Club is a truly wonderful organization.
Thank you Edison Metro Lions Club for givng me so many opportunities to serve our community. I am proud to be part of the Leo Club for the past 5 years. It is my honor to meet so many Lions and Leos.
Hello, I always enjoy the activities our club does together. From tutoring English to blind adults in China, fundraising of "White Cane Day", cleaning up local parks or performing at senior centers, every activity has been a rewarding experience for me. The Leo Club has shared with me many moments of joy and taught me many skills to remember, and I look forward to seeing what we can accomplish in the future.
I joined the Edison Leo Club in 2010. As a member of the club, I have had many opportunities to help the community and meet other people. We work together to help the environment and entertain others by performing in senior centers, veterans home, hospitals and other places, and building trails as well as cleaning up beaches. I have learned so much from being part of this club including responsiblity, teamwork and leadership.
My name is James Xu and I have been in the Edison Leo club since seventh grade. I am so proud to be part of this great organization and it has given me a lot of opportunities to help other people and serve our community. I enjoy volunteering with other Leos in various activities. I look forward to accomplishing more in the future and becoming a better person.
I value the opportunity to help my community as I personally believe my purpose in life is to make a difference in the world. Being a Leo allows me accomplish my goal of helping the environment and its people. Since middle school, I have been performing with my fellow Leos, who encourage me to bring out the best in myself and in others. It gives me great pleasure to participate in community events such as beach and trail clean-ups as well as the dance for senior citizens and veterans. Overall, as treasurer I wish to not only benefit myself in taking part in community service but also to strengthen our community as a whole.
Being a part of the Leo club has given me many opportunities to take further steps in helping the community. Through performing at veteran homes, cleaning local parks, as well as other activities, I have learned so much. I enjoyed every moment of conquering different skills, meeting new people, and contributing to the community. I look forward to seeing how I can challenge myself to make a change in the world.
I joined the Leo Club just recently and though I did not think that this would be fun, after spending a while with the other members, I have found it to be enjoyable. There are many volunteer events like a beach clean up that help the environment and the people around it. And I would like to try new things and participate in these events. I look forward to taking part in serving the community.
When I joined the club a few years ago, I was part of the Edison Lions Musical Group where I danced at many venues, including Asian Festivals, senior centers, and Veteran homes. Through these experiences in addition to attending the International Lions Convention in Chicago and Las Vegas, I've realized the potential to positively impact the community by sharing what I love. Edison Metro Lions Club provides me with the perfect opportunity to give back to those that served our community. As president, I will continue this legacy and provide other members with similar opportunities while promoting collaboration and acceptance.
My first experience with the world of Lions Clubs was with the Edison Metro Lions Club. There, I performed at local Asian Festivals, Veteran homes, and senior centers, spreading Chinese culture to the community. Chinese dance has always been an integral part of who I am, and to know that just by doing what I enjoy I can make someone else's life better makes me all the more motivated to continue doing so. After attending the 101st International Lions Convention in Las Vegas, I was exposed to the multitudes of people who were dedicated to giving back to the community—and wanted to continue pursuing the same goal. As Vice President, I intend to continue promoting cultural understanding and undertake new opportunities for service.
I only recently joined the club, but I feel like I've already found myself a home. Here, the members are enthusiastic and passionate about service. Being surrounded by people who strive to apply their talents, such as dance and singing, and volunteer numerous hours not for themselves, but purely for the benefit of others has been a great inspiration. I look forward to serving side-by-side with my fellow members and using community service as a means to do what the Leo Club has done for me: inspire.
My first experience with the club was at a local food drive. Through my participation, I realized the value of taking time out of my schedule for a greater cause: the betterment of the community. At the drive, even the host of the event mentioned that we packed about one hundred more boxes of goods than he had expected. In being treasurer, I hope I can dedicate myself to encouraging other members of the community to participate, and similarly go above and beyond for the community. I look forward to being an active participant in the Lion's Club and promoting its values in my service.


text:
A Silent Witness è un cortometraggio muto del 1913 diretto da Frank Wilson.

Trama
Le riprese della macchina da presa di una società cinematografica fatte da un ragazzo dimostrano l'innocenza di un uomo ingiustamente accusato di aver ucciso il padre della sua fidanzata.

Produzione
Il film fu prodotto dalla Hepworth.

Distribuzione
Distribuito dalla Hepworth, il film - un cortometraggio in una bobina - uscì nelle sale cinematografiche britanniche nel dicembre 1913.

Si conoscono pochi dati del film che, prodotto dalla Hepworth, fu distrutto nel 1924 dallo stesso produttore, Cecil M. Hepworth. Fallito, in gravissime difficoltà finanziarie, il produttore pensò in questo modo di poter almeno recuperare il nitrato d'argento della pellicola.

Voci correlate
Filmografia Hepworth

Collegamenti esterni

Cortometraggi muti britannici
Cortometraggi drammatici
Film Hepworth

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Hi there, we are HAPPY!
Happy is a family company based in Belgium. The story started in 1986 when Dirk, a crazy inventor from Zoersel, created the Happy Cube©® puzzle. And so, the HAPPY company was born more than 30 years ago. Today, it remains our aim to challenge people into HAPPY-ness with our brain training 3D cubes. We welcome you to explore and experience their endless possibilities. Test your flexibility on handling changes, develop your spatial insight and last but not least… be persistent and make yourself HAPPY!
Around 1990, the Happy Cube puzzles started to have different trade names, from Coco-Crash in Spain, the Wirrel Warrel Puzzles in the Netherlands and Happy Cube in Germany, Denmark and UK. We also expanded the product line to Little Genius for children and to Profi Cube & Marble Cube for the more advanced puzzler. These designs were also set specific, so they can be combined together to make 4 cm cubes.
In 2017 we decided to rebrand our 3D puzzles to "Happy Cube" and put them in brand new packaging.
Beside our well-known Happy Cube collection, we also have some more budget-friendly cubes. The six-edged Planet Cubes – also named Snafooz , and a the very small Micro Cube of 1x1cm.
For the youngest puzzle wizards, there is an easy pre-school puzzle: the Smart Cube. This cube set can be combined with the Happy Cube XL set… as they are both 5cm cubes.
HAPPY is passionate about children's growth, development and the flexibility to handle changes. Our mission is to create fun, high-quality, safe and eco-friendly puzzles, toys and games that are globally represented.
Happy Cube puzzles are loved by puzzlers of all ages worldwide, they… create, play and learn!
Fun for all ages, try it with the whole family!
HAPPY's main product is the brain tickling Happy Cube ©® puzzle. It is a one player game, that certainly brings hilarious dynamics while swopping puzzles between two or more players.
Our © & ® invention!
The Happy Cube © and several other ideas are registered with the United States Copyright Office with several works (s.a.TX2332525, VA440889 and others).
All logos are international protected ®Trademarks.
The Happy Cube puzzles are manufactured and worldwide exclusive distributed by Happy bvba from Belgium.
For kids, we focus on the development of specific skills. These range from stimulating fine motor skills, to recognizing colors and shapes, and building spatial intelligence. Everyone plays according to his/her own competence and creative approach.
For schools, we have developed a class product; the Smart Cube Edu pack. It comes in a robust classroom box that will endure the hands of toddlers. To find out more about these educational purposes, check out the educational page.
Not only children and teens love playing with Happy Cube… Adults enjoy to challenge each other on parties and family dinners. Happy Cube has all it needs to upgrade your inner self. Since all challenges are feasible, you develop your self-esteem and improve your flexible and strategical thinking. Be persistent and make yourself feel good about yourself!
We also manufacture Happy Cube for promotional purposes. So, it is possible to print your logo and message on the puzzles. Besides the Happy Cubes.
The Happy Cube is a great product-idea that makes the puzzler act and think, stimulating the mind like no other product can. No wonder this puzzle was well received as a promotional give away! It appeals to 3D puzzlers of all ages, parents and professionals.
Happy Cube promo has several options ranging from model, size, color to print. It's all made to the client wishes. Our clients are Intel, Bancontact , TomTom, McDonalds, Weetos, Kangaroo, Danfoss, TNT, HP, Ikea, Pepsi, Skittles and many others. Please visit www.happy.be for detailed information.
We manufacture promotional products such as comfy flip flops, soft and safe Air Gliders, fully customized key Holders and foamy seat cushion… We offer a large scale of tailor-made original EVA foam products that match your message and audience, while still being affordable.
Every day we invest in your HAPPY-NESS, because we love our product… and we hope you do too.
We care for our children and Planet Earth.
It is a conscious choice to use 'ethylene vinyl acetate' or EVA foam material as basic material for the Happy Cube puzzles. Even more…. it is the backbone of this puzzle concept. The flexible, soft and lightly stretching structure enables the 'cling on' when the puzzle pieces are combined into a cube. The foam carries the constructions as a solid puzzle.
"EVA is one of the least harmful synthetic materials. With optimal combustion, only CO2 and H2O are released, so thermal recycling can be done. The calorific value of EVA is similar to that of oil. So you can say that EVA is a rather environmentally friendly plastic."
The EVA foam Happy Cubes are long-lasting toys. Luckily, the EVA is also washable at 30°C. So you can refresh the puzzles and keep your toys and children clean. But please, do not tumble dry!
HAPPY is committed to produce only the highest quality products using superior materials with an emphasis on safety. We manufacture the EVA in EUROPE conform the strictest quality and safety regulations. Our foam is conform the current legal EU toy directives (EN71 part 3) and to the US ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials). Unlike many manufacturers from Asia, we do not use harmful chemical additives to enhance the product volume and profit. Safety comes first!
We ensure that our products are safe for consumers and workers and meet all international safety standards. Our Happy Cubes are produced without toxic materials. Our games have been tested and approved by TÜV-Rheinland and TÜV-Hong Kong. Test reports are available on request.
HAPPY believes in the power of beautiful and functional ecological and economical packaging.
Due to the very light and compact packaging, energy, space, and therefore money is saved during the production and transport. The puzzle concept is explained by several logos and colourful 3D puzzle designs on the packaging. We do not waste precious paper and trees on extra manuals. Each packaging is designed as compact as possible, to ensure efficient paper use and transport. No air to transport!
Feel invited, we look forward receiving your request to be part of our distribution network.


This dish makes a wonderful treat for unexpected guests, quick & easy!
Heat oil in a non stick frying pan or wok and fry cumin seeds until they begin to sizzle. Stir in the chopped onion and sautè until light golden brown.
Add the red chilli, ground coriander, ground cumin, garam masala and turmeric. Add the sliced fillets and coat in the spice paste.
Cook on a high heat, stirring occasionally. Once the tomatoes have dissolved into a thick sauce, add drained chickpeas. Add boiling water if necessary.
Simmer for 2 - 3 minutes. Garnish with fresh coriander.
To make wraps: Heat soft flour tortilla wraps in a non stick frying pan for a few seconds. They should be warm but not toasted. Place the tortilla wrap on a board and place a layer of lettuce over it. Spoon the chicken and chickpea filling onto the rocket leaves. Top with sliced avocado & tomato and drizzle with balsamic vinegar. Roll up the wrap tightly and serve warm.


text:
Who Are the C:F Judges?
Challenge:Future Competitions stand at the heart of all think tank's activities. In this open innovation, sustainability-focused competition, youth teams compete to solve unique global challenges. Every solution submitted by the competing teams is evaluated through a combination of community votes and expert judges' grades. The judges perform an important task of analyzing, evaluating, and giving targeted feedback to each and every solution. Challenge:Future, as an initiative promoting innovation, ideation, and sustainability, would like to provide fair, balanced, and professional evaluation.
Expert judges are invited and nominated from diverse fields to facilitate fair and informed decision to progress a solution to the next phase of the competition. Typically over 100 judges from various countries, institutions, and organizations, age groups, gender and fields of expertise take part in the Challenge:Future Competitions.
To choose the Grand Prize Winners, a special panel of judges will be invited to the Summit 2013 to hear the Finalists presentations live and select the Winners. This panel of judges consists of business leaders, futurists, researchers, as well as youth judges from the C:F Community Community.
Sema Basol is a global marketing and public relations executive with over 25 years of experience both in the US and Turkey. She has worked with multi-billion dollar corporations like Mattel Inc. and Koc Holding as well as non-profit educational institutions. At Mattel Inc., as Director of Consumer Products, she built Mattel brands into new businesses that generated annual retail sales of over half billion dollars in international markets. As Executive Director of a US learning program connecting Turkish and American educators and their students in partnership with NASA and US school districts.
Sema is the founder of Turkish Women's Initiative (TWI). TWI promotes the economic and social prosperity of Turkey by supporting the advancement of Turkish girls and women. She is also actively involved in Silicon Valley based programs targeted at empowering girls and women. Born and raised in Turkey, she has lived in the U.S. most of her life and brings a unique cross-cultural perspective.
Sema Basol served as a judge in the first round and Semi-Finals of the C:F 2009-2010 competition.
Aik Heng Yap
Aik majored in Chemistry at the National University of Singapore (NUS) and is concurrently completing a second degree with the School of International Liberal Studies at Waseda University in Japan. As a student and scholar, he is interested in new ways of approaching problems and lessons that we can learn from other cultures. He also believes that small changes can go a long way and he points out the example of nudges.org as an inspiration.
Aik Heng Yap served as a youth judge representing the voice of the C:F community at the finalist judging panel during the C:F Summit 2010.
Michael Holm Johansen
Michael Holm Johansen joined The Coca-Cola Company in 1997 as Country Manager for Denmark. Since 2007, Michael serves as Group Business Unit President, Central and Southern Europe in 2007, incorporating 23 countries.
Before joining the Company, Michael Holm Johansen worked for four years as division director with Schulstad Group, Denmark's largest bakery group. Prior to this assignment, he was general manager with Informationsteknik, Scandinavia's largest audio-visual group from 1989 to 1993. He started his career with Procter & Gamble in 1982, based in Geneva, Switzerland.
Michael Holm Johansen holds a BSc in Economics from the Copenhagen School of Business Administration and Economics and an MBA in Marketing from Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois.
Michael served in the finalist judging panel at the C:F Summit 2010.
Challenge:Future invites dedicated professionals from different fields to become an expert judge. If you would like to join us and be part of the decision process to shape the future, contact us!
We also invite analytical youth to be part of the judging process. To become a youth judge, join as a C:F Judge in the Action Team working hard to assure excellent judging process.
It is our hope that participation in the judging process would bring all judges multiple benefits. Engage with Challenge:Future judging process and:
Access the global youth community and their ideas
Tap into the latest innovation
Engage with challenges that corporations and our society are facing today
Promote sustainability
Explore a new format of open collaborative innovation
Attend the Challenge:Future Summit and exchange knowledge and best practices
VALID FOR THIS CHALLENGE
Feb 18, 2013: Team Creation
Feb 18-27, 2013: Submit
Mar 01 - Mar 13, 2013: VOTE!
Mar 20, 2013: Semi-Finalists announced
SECOND ROUND / SEMI-FINALS
Apr 3 - Apr 24, 2013: Submit
Apr 26 - May 13, 2013: VOTE!
May 20, 2013: Finalists announced
FINALS - C:F SUMMIT 2013
Sep 19 – 26 C:F SUMMIT 2013
Sep 25 – Finalists Presentations
Sep 26 – Winner Announced

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
2017 Community Builders Breakfast a Success!
Every year, people gather at the grand ballroom of the College Station Hilton for B/CS Habitat's Community Builders Breakfast. Our guests generously open their hearts and wallets to partner with B/CS Habitat to build decent and affordable homes for people needing a hand up. This year was no exception. More than 400 individuals joined us for the breakfast.
This year's breakfast highlights included Tom Turbiville's excellent and hilarious job of MCing the Breakfast.Jim Davis received a standing ovation for the years of love he has poured into B/CS Habitat. Though he officially retired last year, he still embodies the best of who we are.
Karen Smith of Smith Dairy Queens gave a compelling speech of what it has meant for her to partner with B/CS Habitat. Guests then watched a video filmed and produced by Donny Hall at Studio 82, that illustrates the staggering need for decent, affordable housing in our community. One of the most touching moments of the breakfast was when Mariela Juarez shared her family's story and how proud her father was to finally provide a home for her family through Habitat after years of struggling with medical debt.
Along with the guests, the staff at B/CS Habitat were reminded of what is at the core of our mission, to provide an opportunity for individuals and families to receive a hand up and out of the cycle of poverty through homeownership. We are deeply grateful and humbled by the support we receive from this community!
Thank you to all the table captains and guests who attended. We look forward to seeing each and every one of you at next year's breakfast!
By Jane Sherman|2017-05-18T10:31:28-05:00Wednesday, March 15, 2017|Donors & Partners, Events, News & Stories|Comments Off on 2017 Community Builders Breakfast a Success!
About the Author: Jane Sherman
Jane Sherman serves as our marketing and communications manager.
Meet the Garcia Family
Meet the Perez Family
For World Habitat Day Candidates Build at a Habitat for Humanity Home in College Station to Promote Housing Affordability
BCS Habitat challenges elected leaders to do more to promote housing affordability
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I originally wrote this up as an internal blog post, but I think it may be useful for other people, too, so I've cleaned it up a bit and taken out most of the proprietary stuff, and added some explanations. I had never in my life done boothwork before this job, so I was surprised to find I had so many opinions, but if you're going to do something, you might as well do it well.
I wanted to start a place where we could keep resources about how to be the best booth person you can be for Your Company, and what that means.
Be there for your shift. You have a calendar page that shows you when we expect you to be on-duty, and we need you there. If you have a conflicting meeting, let the booth manager know so we can get coverage.
Be present. There are slow times when we all check our email, but if your laptop is open, you are more likely to seem unavailable to answer questions or chat with someone who comes up.
What is <your product>? A: You need a one-sentence answer here. A catchphrase. Way shorter than an elevator pitch. The great thing about a conference is that you have lots of chances for experimentation and iterative improvement.
How does that work? A: Again, super short. People are filtering at this point to see if you have any relevance to them.
Can you tell me more? A: Sure! What's your job role? Tailoring the answer to the job role saves you a lot of time answering the wrong question, and also lets you practice understanding the personas that someone hopefully briefed you on.
Can I get a t-shirt? A: Sure! What size would you like? Saying that way avoids asking people what size they ARE. Also, t-shirts are the bane of my existence. Have some lovely socks.
If you're bored, and it's slow, you can leave one person on the booth and the other person can go take a tour of other people's booths and listen to their pitches. It's remarkably educational. Just keep an eye on your partner and be sure to be back by the next scheduled rush. When you introduce yourself to another sponsor, make it clear that you're not anyone worth pitching to, and if they want to scan you, you can ask that they mark you no-contact. Odds are, if you're working a booth, you're probably not buying software for your company – different roles.
Remember to make eye contact and talk to women. They are often overlooked or elbowed out in conference crowds, and they can be very influential in purchasing decisions. If someone shows up with several co-workers to show off the booth, remember to speak to all of them, not just the champion.
When someone comes up to say they're a customer, or were a customer, thank them! They're making the effort to say we make their lives enough better that they'll stop and talk to us. You don't have to scan them, but you can, or you can keep a tally sheet of who does this, just because it's such a great feeling, and we should share it with other people at the company. I think a tally sheet might have a row for Company name, and columns for "Love the product" "Love the design" "Miss using you" "Changed my life". Or maybe that's too much.
HOWEVER, if they're a current customer and they have a question – tell them they can write support, but also either scan them or make a note. There's some reason they haven't contacted support already – they didn't know it was there, or they don't know how to frame their question, or they think it's their fault for not understanding something. If it's something you can answer right away, like a UI question, answer it! Otherwise, make sure support knows how to find them.
I try not to scan someone until they've made it past the first question and asked me a follow-up question. Number of leads is important, but it's more important that they be leads with actual value. If it's just someone who has no interest, why put them in the funnel?
Ask before you scan. It's a bad experience to have your personal data taken without permission.
Scan everyone in a group, if they come together. You can never tell who the champion is going to be.
If you have any time at all, rate the lead on warmth or add any pertinent info. That can include where they've heard of us before (Edith's podcast, Heidi's talks, blogpost, etc) if they happen to offer it.
Make sure the scanner is charged overnight and at slow times.
If we have to use our phones as scanners, try not to leave it lying on the table. No one wants their phone stolen, especially since it probably has a bunch of proprietary information on it.
I covered clothes for conferences in this post.
Your booth manager will take care of most of the initial setup, including making sure there's a monitor. Double-check that the monitor and the computer don't look grungy. A clean monitor makes us look better.
LaunchDarkly-specific tabs, but it's good to have an idea of what you want to pull up. Don't have anything else in that window.
You'll also have a bunch of stickers and material, which is covered in Stuff.
Try not to set your food or Starbucks cups on the table. We are sometimes paying $10k for this dinky table, and putting other stuff on it diminishes our brand value. It's fine to drink at the booth, but keep it to an unbranded bottle or keep it off the main table. Hopefully we provide enough breaks that you don't need to eat at the table. It looks super untidy.
Try to keep the table and area around the booth tidy. It's almost never enough space, and if we leave our backpacks on the floor, someone will trip on them.
If you are using your own adapter to connect to the booth video, please just order a new one. Eventually we will get enough, but I've already lost 3.
Dress for standing all day. There are usually chairs, but it's not always engaging to be sitting down. Also, there's a lot of walking and standing in line.
NOTE: This is very LaunchDarkly-specific, but I'm leaving it in as an example of how to write about the things that you want to happen at your table.
Main brochures. These go in the clear acrylic holder and a few of them can go in a stack on the table. It's nice to have at least one upside down so you can point out the supported SDKs and marquee customers.
Accordion brochures. Set one of each color out, standing up and telescoped out. When people pick that one up, replace it from under the table. Do not attempt to stack these, it will just end up all over creation. If you have one of the little blocks with a gripper on it, you can put one in that, or you can use it for stickers.
T-shirts: None! T-shirts cost $12 each to print, and then they have to get shipped and size sorted, and they take up table room. I love our t-shirts, and I think they should go to everyone who makes an affirmative effort to get one, by visiting our trial or conference website.
Die-cut – these are the ones that are irregular shapes, like Toggle and the rocketship logo. Put out 10 or so at a time of each type, and either stack them neatly or fan them out.
Hexes – Put out one of each type abutting each other to show that they work together, and then have stacks of ~20 or so spaced out behind that display. Don't try to stack stickers more than 20 high, they'll just get knocked over all the time, but people need to be able to get their fingers around each one, so you can't stack them up touching.
Dark blue – regular LaunchDarkly. You will go through the most of these.
Rainbow – Gay/queer pride. If anyone asks, you can point out that the brown and black stripes represent queer people of color who are often left out of the story of queer politics.
Pink/white/blue – Trans pride. Leave them out, but never comment on anyone taking them. Some people think they look like they're for little kids, some people have little kids who are trans. Who are we to say?
Pink/purple/blue – Bi pride. Bisexuals also have a pride flag. So do lesbians, but it's not well-standardized yet.
The thing with all of this stuff that we send along to the conference is that it costs money. The stickers cost up to 50 cents apiece. So if we don't give it out, we want to make sure that it survives to the next show. If we toss everything back into the case, and the case gets treated in the way of all luggage, we're going to waste a lot of money on stickers and brochures that end up damaged and unusable. So I know you are so ready to get out of there once the show is over, but please make an effort to stow things safely.
This may seem like overthinking, but the money, time, and opportunity cost that a booth represents is pretty immense, so it's worth it to think through what you want to have happen before you get there. Talk to your peers about what has worked for them. Walk the show floor and see what seems like a good idea. I have a whole album of pictures that I share with my design and marketing team so we keep up with what's current and trending. If you don't do that, you end up with a booth design that makes people strangely nostalgic for grunge music and clove cigarettes and AOL CDs, and that's not the goal.
Mostly, though, you're here at a booth because you have an awesome product that can actually improve people's day, and if they want to hear about it, you want to tell them, and honestly, that feels pretty great. Go, do good work, and hide your coffee cups!


text:
Q: Cross reference two data sources for matches in Excel 2010 Firstly, thank you for checking my quesiton.  I'm new to doing anything advanced in Excel so I'm a bit lost.
I am trying to match names from two different sources that have the same data structure.  There are 3 columns, LastName, FirstName, MiddleName.  I added a fourth row to denote which organization the record came from and put both sources into one table and made a pivot out of it which works well enough but I'm having a hard time generating any useful data from it.
There are two main objectives once I have them matched.
I need a percentage of matching.
I need to be able to filter out the ones that matched so I can investigate the ones that didn't.
Here is a small example.
+-------------+-----------+------------+------+
|  LastName   | FirstName | MiddleName | Org. |
+-------------+-----------+------------+------+
| Jones       | Mike      | Anthony    | Org1 |
| Black       | Marry     |            | Org1 |
| Zeek        | Winston   | E          | Org1 |
| Jones       | Mike      | A          | Org2 |
| Black-Smith | Marry     |            | Org2 |
| Zeek        | Winston   | E          | Org2 |
+-------------+-----------+------------+------+

As you can see out of the list only Winston E Zeek would really match because all three names are exactly the same.  Mike Jones won't match because the listed middle names are wrong and Black and Black-Smith won't match because they are technically different last names.  These issues with the data are fine at this stage because those are exactly what I'm trying to identify with a larger data set.
Maybe Excel isn't the best for this issue without using VBA?  I'm not familiar with VBA which is why I haven't tried it yet and I unfortunately have limited time.
How can I solve this matching problem?
Any assistance and guidance will be appreciated.

A: Here's a quick idea:

*

*Sort the data by last name, first name, middle name.  That should put same/similar names next to each other.

*Add a column that, for each row, has a worksheet function like =IF(A3=A2,1,0).  This will indicate if this row matches the one above.

*Sum the new column... That will tell you the number of matches.  Divide by the total number of rows, to get your percentage.

You can modify the function in step 2, to indicate as tight of a match that you want.
Advantage:  No VBA needed.  Disadvantage:  It requires some manual work and interpretation.


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The Australian Rett Syndrome Study is based at the Telethon Kids Institute located in Subiaco, Western Australia. This study was established in 1993 and operates in collaboration with Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth and the Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney.
A unique feature of our study is that it involves all families in Australia who have a child with Rett syndrome born in or after 1976. This is in contrast to many studies overseas where only selected groups of children are involved. Being 'population-based' allows us to be confident that our research findings will be applicable to all individuals with Rett syndrome.
In 1999 the gene that is responsible for Rett syndrome was identified. Rett syndrome can be attributed to a mutation in the MECP2 gene (pronounced "meck-p-two"). Since then we have been working on molecular genetic studies in conjunction with Royal Perth Hospital and the Children's Hospital at Westmead.
Involvement in AussieRett
We liaise closely with children's specialists nationwide such as paediatricians, neurologists and geneticists as well as the national parent support organisation - the Rett Syndrome Association of Australia.
Referrals of children with Rett syndrome to this study come from both professionals and this parent support organisation, which has been in full support of the study since its inception. Here in Western Australia we provide opportunities for parents to meet and share experiences through education evenings and social functions. We also provide information to interested community members, health professionals and other groups such as special education teachers and therapists.
Dr Helen Leonard has been the Medical Director of the study since its inception in 1993. As well as overseeing the study, she has had a long-standing clinical involvement with patients through her position as a medical doctor at the Disability Services Commission. She is also involved in intellectual disability research in a joint project of Disability Services Commission, the Education Department of Western Australia and the Telethon Institute.
In 1995, a collaboration was established with Dr John Christodoulou, a Professor at the University of Sydney and Director of the Western Sydney Genetics program (at the Children's Hospital at Westmead). Dr Carolyn Ellaway, a Clinical Geneticist and Paediatric Specialist in the Genetic Metabolic Disorders Service at The Children's Hospital at Westmead, subsequently joined this group and Rett syndrome was the subject of her PhD thesis for which she was awarded a National Health and Medical Research scholarship.
The coordination of clinical assessments in Victoria is managed by Dr Gordon Baikie, a developmental paediatrican at the Royal Children's Hospital in Melbourne. Paediatric endocrinologist, Dr Helen Woodhead works at the Sydney Children's Hospital and participates in the studies relating to bone health in Rett syndrome.
Dr Mark Davis, manages the Neurogenetics Laboratory at Royal Perth Hospital where he is responsible for the maintenance of the DNA bank of Rett syndrome cases and their families since 1999. His laboratory is one of three genetics laboratories in Australia that are accredited to screen theMECP2gene
Head of Biostatistics and Genetic Epidemiology at Telethon Institute Professor Nicholas de Klerk and statisticians Peter Jacoby and Ami Bebbington provide ongoing statistical support to the project.
Also at the Telethon Institute, Dr Jenny Downs is a physiotherapist and researcher who has worked on many aspects of research in the Australian Rett Syndrome Study since 2005. She has a particular focus on early development, functional abilities, physical activity and scoliosis, and is a chief investigator on the current NHMRC funded study. Katherine Bathgate is a dietitian and the project coordinator for the Australian Rett Syndrome Study. She is also conducting a PhD project in the area of healthy eating and physical activity for those with Down syndrome. Alison Anderson has a background in computer science and is nearing completion of a PhD project. Alison provides important IT support to the project. Dr Kingsley Wong is a medical doctor who has an interest in research and statistical analysis. Kingsley is currently studying for a Master of Public Health degree.
Others who have been involved in the program are Professor Carol Bower from Telethon Institute as well as the Head of the Birth Defects Registry in WA; Professor Sue Fyfe, who is a Professor of Medical Education and previous Head of the School of Public Health at Curtin University; and Professor David Ravine is a Foundation Professor of Medical Genetics at the University of Western Australia and a Clinician at Royal Perth Hospital.
Dr Lakshmi Nagarajan is a paediatric neurologist at PMH whose special interests include epilepsy and sleep disorders. She is involved in the ongoing clinical component of the project as is Dr Peter Rowe and Dr Simon Williams, paediatric neurologists at PMH.
History of AussieRett
Inspiration for the study
The inspiration for the original study came from Dr Athel Hockey, a clinical geneticist who was previously senior medical officer at Disability Services Commission. She worked in the area of intellectual disability for over thirty years and diagnosed some of the original cases of Rett syndrome in Western Australia following the early publications from Dr Bengt Hagberg in Sweden and Dr Alison Kerr in Scotland.
Study launch
The Australian Rett Syndrome Study was initially launched in 1993 by Dr Helen Leonard and was an epidemiological population-based study, which incorporated the use of the Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit to ascertain new cases.
In 1995 John Christodoulou, who is now a Professor and Director of the Western Sydney Genetics program, met Helen at a paediatric conference in Adelaide where she was presenting her research. The ongoing collaboration with the group from The Children's Hospital at Westmead and the University of Sydney stems from this time. Dr Carolyn Ellaway subsequently came on board and Rett syndrome was the subject of her PhD for which she was awarded a National Health and Medical Research scholarship.
In 1996 Emma Glasson, an Honours student at the Department of Anatomy and Human Biology at the University of Western Australia worked on the radiology study. Also in 1996, Danielle Dye from Curtin University consolidated the Family Tree study by collecting family tree information from control families.
Dr Seonaid Mulroy had a major role in the research program from 1996 to 2003. Seonaid completed a Bachelor of Science (Honours) majoring in Anatomy and Human Biology at the University of Western Australia, then a Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery at the same university. Seonaid is currently an obstetrics registrar at King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women.
Professor Sven Siburn has been involved with the study in the past, providing support regarding psychosocial aspects and the quality of life of Rett syndrome cases and families. Lyn Colvin, graduate of the Master of Public Health program was heavily involved in analysis and data management for the study. Currently involved are clinical Professor and Senior Principal Research Fellow Carol Bower who is Head of the Birth Defects Registry of Western Australia, and Professor Sue Fyfe who is Professor of Medical Education at Curtin University.
Dr Lakshmi Nagarajan, a paediatric neurologist at Princess Margaret Hospital is involved in the ongoing clinical component of the project. Her special interests include epilepsy and sleep disorders. Dr Jon Silberstein, paediatric neurologist at Princess Margaret Hospital, has also been involved with the study in the past.
The Department of Neuropathology at Royal Perth Hospital and the Western Sydney Genetics Program at The Children's Hospital at Westmead are responsible for mutation molecular genetic testing.
Also in this section...
AussieRett Study Aims
To monitor patterns of Rett syndrome occurrence.
To develop and maintain an ongoing data collection which will provide information about:
the impact of Rett syndrome on functioning, daily living activities and health;
the relationship between genetic and clinical characteristics;
the adequacy, availability and quality of treatments and services provided;
the use of medical and therapeutic interventions;
the impact of Rett syndrome on families in terms of family functioning and support, and financial costs and resources.
To provide a population data source for genetic research which is a model for use elsewhere in the world.
To share information with medical, educational and health professionals to increase understanding about Rett syndrome.
To make available information which can be provided to families of newly diagnosed children to give them some expectations about their child's future.
To find out any more information about how you can be involved, don't hesitate to contact us.
Email: Aussie.Rett@telethonkids.org.au
Phone: 0419 956 946 | (08) 6319 1761


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Atkinson to referee Everton's game against Swansea City
Match officials announced for Saturday's game
By Calvin@Mr_Faded_Glory Nov 17, 2016, 4:00pm GMT
Share All sharing options for: Atkinson to referee Everton's game against Swansea City
Referee Martin Atkinson
Martin Atkinson has been announced as the referee for Everton's home game on Saturday against Swansea City. This is the second game of the Blues' season he has been in charge of, previously officiating in the Toffees' home opener against Tottenham Hotspur. That match ended 1-1, with Atkinson keeping his cards in his pocket all game long.
The match official is less than desirable around Goodison Park for a number of reasons -
Blowing the final whistle as Everton were attacking a shell-shocked Manchester United at Goodison Park in September 2010.
The Blues had staged a brilliant late comeback to tie the game at 3-3 from two goals down, but with captain Phil Jagielka leading the charge forward and the game deep into time added on, Atkinson inexplicably blew the final whistle to the utter consternation of manager David Moyes and a chorus of boos from the home crowd.
Wrongly sending off Jack Rodwell during the Merseyside Derby at Goodison in October 2011.
Rodwell was sent off by the referee after just 23 minutes for what looked like a legitimate challenge on Suarez. Moyes was livid, claiming that the ref had 'ruined' the game as Liverpool went on to win 2-0. He was validated later by the Football Association (FA) who repealed the three-game suspension that follows a direct red card.
Stevan Jovetic dive against Manchester City in January 2015.
While this wasn't a major gaffe, it did produce a fan comment of the year contender and a Vine for the ages as a Toffees fan standing too close to the commentators had the microphones catch his comment.
Not showing a second yellow card to Lucas Leiva during the Merseyside Derby at Goodison in October 2015.
Lucas got into it early in the game, committing a succession of fouls and got a yellow card, which did not seem to temper his viciousness. Brendan Rodgers replaced Lucas to put Atkinson out of his misery, before himself getting fired at the end of the 1-1 game.
Allowing City's Raheem Sterling to go out of bounds with the ball in the January 2016 Capital One Cup semi-final second leg at the Etihad.
This one really burned Everton. In a game where they were on the back foot for long periods defending resolutely, it took Sterling going over the touchline to send in a cross from which they took the lead and knocked the Blues out of the tournament.
Martin Atkinson first up then. Hope he's had an eye test since earlier in the year. pic.twitter.com/tI3TzyT1g6
— John Merro (@johnmerro1) August 8, 2016
Abusing captain Phil Jagielka soon after he missed the call shown above.
Jags was obviously incensed by the mistake, and approached the official to ask about it. While the skipper declined to repeat what Atkinson said to him, he did say that the ref made a sarcastic remark about Everton's defending in the lead up to the goal.
Match Officials details -
Referee: Martin Atkinson
Assistants: S Child, S Burt
Fourth official: A Taylor
Martin Atkinson's Everton record -
Martin Atkinson Everton record
Referee data courtesy of World Football
Atkinson to referee Everton vs Swansea
Koeman: To improve every player you need to be critical


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No Time to Die — Quietly
Image credit: Tesla
Tesla May Receive €1 Billion From Germany For Giga Berlin's Battery Cell Production
Tesla is slated to be on the receiving end of €1 billion in subsidies for Giga Berlin's battery cell production.
Johnna Crider
Tesla is slated to be on the receiving end of €1 billion in subsidies for Giga Berlin's battery cell production. Business Insider noted this week that "several government sources" have said that Tesla will be granted the €1 billion in public subsidies for continuing to develop battery cells.
Although the factory isn't completed, Germany's Federal Ministry of Economics is awarding funds from its Important Projects of Common European Interest (IPCEI) to manufacturers to encourage domestic battery cell production. Last week, IPCEI announced 11 grants and Tesla was one of the manufacturers chosen.
The exact amount Tesla may receive hasn't been formally announced.
The monies from the German government to support initiatives are often shared between the nation's federal and state governments, The Motley Fool notes. The IPCEI program aims to help domestic companies, which makes Tesla receiving the grant a special exception — perhaps Germany knows what many critics often doubt: that Tesla is a leader in the industry and an ally to its own clean energy goals. Plus, Tesla is building a giant factory in Germany.
During Tesla's Q4 earnings call last week, Elon Musk said that 2021 was going to be a great year for Tesla, which is something I've been saying also.
"I think it's going to be a great year for Tesla. We've got a ton of — many great new products coming out. We've got factories that are advanced factories. … It will also make it easier how you're having a factory in Berlin, one in Texas second, just from a logistics standpoint. Texas can help supply the eastern half of the US and Berlin can help supply Europe.
"… And I think the fundamental efficiency of the company will be much better with the factories. or at least having factories on each continent and having two factories in the US. So I'm super excited about the future."
Zack Kirkhorn, Tesla's Chief Financial Officer, noted that what Tesla is able to do now is something the company hasn't had the opportunity to do before — build out capacity much more broadly and quickly.
"We can build that capacity with the expectation of what the end state of capacity will be pulling forward some of those investments, rather than incrementally adding capacity as we go along. And so this is an important part in terms of capital efficiency that we haven't had the luxury to do in the past."
In a nutshell, 2021 is expected to be an epic year for Tesla in terms of growth for all areas, ranging from expansion to profits. Tesla is now full steam ahead. Or full electricity ahead.
In this article:Tesla, Tesla factories, Tesla Giga Berlin, Tesla Giga Texas, Tesla Gigafactories
Written By Johnna Crider
is a writer for CleanTechnica and EVObsession. She believes in Tesla's mission and is rooting for sustainbility. #CleanEnergyWillWin Johnna also owns a few shares in $tsla and is holding long term.
Tesla Adds Model Y Structural Battery Pack Details In Updated Owner's Manual
Tesla has included a direct reference to the Model Y structural battery pack in an update to its Model Y owner's manual. The document...


This article originally appeared in the Dec. 2 issue of The Collegian.
The 84th Student Government Association on November 20 officially went into recess until February. Although no legislation can be presented to the senate until this time, various members of the SGA will continue to think and reform ideas to better the student body.
In looking back on the semester the Student Senate passed 28 bills and resolutions, with one being vetoed by Student Body President Jacob Miller. At this time last year, the Student Senate had only passed 12 pieces of legislation with one being vetoed by then President Laird Goertzen. According to results from the SGA performance survey, the Student Senate had a 79.9% approval rating among students who responded.
Notable legislation that was passed includes a bill that defunds the Thresher Yearbook. Traditionally, funding for the creation of the book fell under the SGA, but due to lack of interest in both creation and demand, SGA axed funding for the Thresher Yearbook permanently. All students who were set to receive a yearbook will have $30 refunded to their student account.
The original bill to cut funding to the Thresher Yearbook was vetoed by President Miller, but the veto was overridden with a ⅔ majority vote of the senate on October 16, 2016.
In addition, the SGA voted to change the name of the Student Activity Fee to the Student Government Fee, increase the fee by 15%, and change the fee to be a one-time charge in the Fall semester. Despite all of these proposals being approved by the senate to be implemented, the measures failed to pass when presented to the Bethel Board of Directors in October.
Also in October the Student Senate voted to commend Lucas DuPriest, senior from Sweden, on being the male recipient of the NAIA 2016 A.O. Duer Scholarship. The scholarship, which has been awarded to one male and one female athlete since 1967, recognizes academics, character, and citizenship. The Student Senate voted unanimously to commend DuPriest on a job well done.
In November, junior senator Ryne Preheim from Reedley Calif., and senior senator Isaac Dunn from Fresno Calif., presented the Preheim-Dunn Constituency Accountability Act that requires each senator to hold two discussion sessions a semester with their class. The measure was voted on and passed unanimously.
In their last meeting of the Fall semester, the SGA responded to a student petition by passing a resolution denouncing the Dakota Access Pipeline as a violation of Native American rights.
Over the course of the semester, the SGA had to replace three commuter senators and one junior senator who had stepped down from their position in the SGA. Once the senate reconvenes in the spring, the organization will have to replace one senior senator spot.
Additional work done by the senate can be found under the Bills & Minutes tab.


What is the rate of the transmission? Are you using pcap_send (or similar under jpcap) to send the packets?
Can you tell me if the delay of few seconds is for the call to pcap_send?
I'm having a small issue with a small application I wrote which uses jpcap; a java wrapper for Winpcap. I have written a client-server app in java. I'm using jpcap to listen and send packets from client to the server. My problem is that when I send a large burst of packets, 99% or so of the packets arrive at the rate they where sent, then there is a stall for a few seconds before the final ~1% packets are received. When I used Wreshark to monitor, I saw the same behavior. Has someone come across this problem before? Is this a known issue winpcap?


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Average speeds cycling
By tejvan on January 21, 2017 in cycling
A look at different average speeds in different types of cycling. All speeds are in km/h.
People often ask what is a good average speed for cycling? When I was in Otley CC, we used to have 'reliability rides' (think sportive which doesn't cost anything). Usually, the reliability rides involved riding 50 miles in 3 hours. – 16.6 mph, 26.8 km/h. It was a good test for the club-rider; it could still be done at a non-competitive, but 'brisk' pace. I don't know if people still do reliability rides.
Usually our old club runs would be done at around 14mph (23 km/h) and that didn't include the three tea stops during the day. Of course, the average speed of a club run will all depends who you go with. If it's a club run of more than 20mph, I think a chain gang is probably more important. When I went with a local Oxford chain-gang, the average speed was something like 23mph for a flattish course around Otmoor.
Good tool for calculating average speeds
How to increase average speed
A quick conversion for km/h to mph:
20 km/h = 12.4 mph
40 km/h = 24.85 mph
My personal average speeds
When average speed of cyclists is higher than average speed of motorists
Commute into town, including stopping times at traffic lights – 12-16 km/h
Commute into town (slow) – 16-2o km/h
Commute into town (fast) – 20-28 km/h. (The average speed of motor traffic in Central London is said to be around 9mph.)
Training ride on winter training bike – 24-27 km/h
Training ride in summer – 28 – 30 km/h
Threshold training ride 32-33 km/h
Threshold training ride on time trial bike 34-37 km/h
Hilly time trial on road bike – 38 km/h
Hilly time trial on time trial bike – 40-42 km/h
Flat time trial TT bike, no traffic – 46-47 km/h
Fastest time trial on TT bike (fast course, + traffic)- 50km/h
Fastest downhill – 85 km/h
Factors that affect average speed:
A time trial bike in a very aero position can add an extra 3-4 km/h (see: difference between road bike and TT bike)
Passing traffic on dual carriageways can add an extra 2-3 km/h
Very smooth roads – smooth tarmac can add an extra 1 km/h
In a 10 mile time trial, with a tailwind of 20mph, I once averaged 56km/h. Into the headwind on the return, I averaged 36 km/h. Wind is important
If you can average 32-34 km/h on the flat on a road bike, you may find you can get close to 40km/h on a time trial bike on a fast course.
If you cycle in the wheels – behind another rider, you can save 20-40% energy. In the middle of a large peleton, it is said you can save up to 50% of your energy. You can probably ride 3-9 km/h faster. Average speeds for team time trials are often 3-5 km/h faster than individual time trials.
Average speeds for hill climbs
A gradient of 3% (Long Hill) – average speed 36 km/h
A gradient of 5% (box hill) – average speed 31 km/h
A gradient of 10% (Dover's Hill) – average speed 22 km/h
Hardknott Pass (average 13%. Max 30%) – average speed – 12.7 km/h
Average speeds using gear ratios
You can calculate the slowest you will be able to ride up a hill using gear tables.
If you have a 36*25 and a cadence of 70rpm – your speed will be 7.9mph (12.7 km/h)
If you have a 34*28 and a cadence of 60rpm – your speed will be 5.7mph (9.1 km/h)
Average speeds for Road Records Association
Eileen Sheriden, RRA star.
In the 'Good old days' Road records association (founded 1888) was a big thing. The top amateur riders (such as Eileen Sheridan) would often turn pro, just to break records for set distance or place to place.
These days very few go for these records, due to different priorities and heavier traffic. It's hard to imagine trying to break the London – Edinburgh record by riding up the A1.
The most prestigious existing record is Lands End to John 'O Groats. The current record for men Gethin Butler (2001) is 1 day 20 hours, 4 minutes, 20 seconds. That's 874 miles at an average speed of 19.8 mph / 31.9 kmh
World Hour Record (solo time trial on flat track)
The first official world hour record was set in 1893 by Henri Desgrange. He completed 35.3 Km in an hour. 100 years later, the average speed of the world hour record had increased to an incredible 56.37 Km. This was a reflection of improved training, improved aerodynamics and fitter athletes.
After Chris Boardman set a record of 56.375Km in 1996, the UCI change the rules. Using 1970s technology, Chris Boardman was just able to beat Eddy Merckx distance, covering 49.4 km/h. This shows the technology of Chris Boardman's super aero position, added an extra 6 km/h on to his speed.
1893 Henri Desgrange – 35.325 km/h
1914 Oscar Egg – 44.247 km/h
1942 Fausto Coppi – 45.871 km/h
1972 Eddy Merckx – 49.431 km/h
1992 Graeme Obree – 52.713 km/h (superman position)
1994 Miguel Indurain – 53.040 km/h
1996 Chris Boardman – 56.375 km/h (superman position)
New UCI 'unified' Hour record
The new UCI 'unified' hour record allows the same technology used in current pursuit events on the track. This allows tribars, but not extreme positions like Obree's 'Superman' or 'tuck' position.
Jens Voigt – 51.11 km
Matthias Brandle – 51.8 km
This record will almost certainly be broken in 2015. Alex Dowsett, Bradley Wiggins / Tony Martin / Fabian Cancellara could push – 55 km/h ?
Average speeds women
If you look at current times of professional riders, as a rough rule of thumb, women's average speed tend to be around 4-5 km/h less than men.
Women's Hour Record
2003 – Leontien Zijlaard-Van Moorsel (NED), 1 October 2003 – 46.065 km/h
1996 – Jeannie Longo – 48.159 km/h
Tour de France average speeds
1903 – 25.5km/h
1919 – 24.0 km/h (slowest ever tour)
1937 – 31.768 km/h (first use of dérailleur gears)
1939 – 31.9 km/h
1971 – 38.084 km/h
2001 – 40.02 km/h
2005 – 41.654 km/h (fastest tour)
See also more: Tour de France Facts
Fastest Ever Prologue Time Trial
1994, Chris Boardman – 7.2km time trial course of 55.152 km/h (youtube clip)
Olympic road race 2012
Women 140 km – 3.35 = average speed – 39.1 km/h
Men 250 km – 5.45 = average speed 43.5 km/h
Average Speeds Road Races
3/4th Cat – 32-38 km/h Most common would be around 36 km/h
Elite 1,2,3 – 36-44 km/h Most common around 41km/h
If you can average 30-32 km/h in training on your own, you should be fine to enter 3/4th cat road races.
Classics average speeds
2012 – Paris – Roubaix – Tom Boonen average 43.4 km/h (though in 2010, Fabian Cancellara won in an average time of 39.3 km/h)
2012 – Milan San Remo – average – 42.632 km/h
2011 – Paris Tours – average 42.988km/h (though in 2003, the average winning speed was 47. 5 km/h)
Audax Average Speeds
Audax events are not races, but long distance events where the rider has to complete a set route at a particular average speed, emphasising route finding, mechanical reliability and the ability to ride to a schedule. Usually, the average speed has to be between 15-30km/h. – You can get penalised for riding too quick!
What average speed might you expect for a Cyclo Sportive?
Etape du Tour
The Minimum average speed to finish in time limit – 12mph – 20 km/h
An average speed of 24 km/h would place you in around the top 1,000 out of 8,000 finishers.
The pros may average in the region of 32-34 km/h for a very mountainous stage
Fred Whitton Challenge
For the 113 miles through the Lake District major passes, average speeds vary from a fastest of 30km/h down towards 15 km/h (10 hour finishing time) Fred Whitton results
Rolling Cyclo Sportives
For less mountainous cyclo sportives, you will find higher average speed. A medium hilly cyclo sportive will be completed in average speeds of around 24-32 km/h.
What average speed for a 100 mile Ride?
For a fairly flat 100 miles
The record for a 100 mile time trial is close to 3 hours 20 – around 48 km/h. However, this is with passing traffic and aerodynamic equipment.
On a road bike, a fast time for a 100 mile training times, would be 5 hours – 32km/h.
A decent touring pace would be 6 hours – 27 km/h
Miscellaneous average speeds
In the Race Across America, Pete Penseyres, 1986, averaged 15.40 mph (24.8 km/h)
The fastest ever speed attained cycling downhill on snow or ice is 222 km/h (138 mph), by Eric Barone (France) at Les Arcs, France on 21 April 2000.
Most popular ways to increase average speed cycling
Ride with tailwind
Ride downhill
Ride an aerodynamic time trial bike
Wear aerodynamic clothes
Ride behind another rider (in a peleton)
Train! improve endurance, speed and get fitter.
Ways to improve aerodynamics
Ways to increase average speed
Using miles or km for cycling?
How to plan cycle routes
17 Responses to Average speeds cycling
Tom Cullen January 22, 2015 at 6:36 pm #
Great write up, very interesting. The reliability rides are still going in fact the first one is on Sunday! There are 7 this week after week every Sunday.
tejvan January 22, 2015 at 7:48 pm #
Good to hear, is average speed still 16.6 mph?
Oops meant to say seven this year not week !
Eatmorelard January 22, 2015 at 11:28 pm #
12.7km/h average on Hardknott. Blimey! Was that uphill or downhill? I think I was closer to half that…
Tom January 24, 2015 at 8:15 am #
Last year they were ridiculously quick! Lots of people are heard training to try abd stay in the front bunch! This year I think they are trying to emphasise that it's not a race and are going to limit the number of riders in each group instead of one group of 50+ riders flying along!
tejvan January 24, 2015 at 9:10 am #
Well, I hope everyone is still stopping for tea and teacakes. Never trust a thin and fast cyclist. That's what I say.
Tom Cullen February 1, 2015 at 6:26 pm #
Hi Tejvan done the first couple reliability rides, there more like road races these days! The front group averaged 23mph! And Alistair Brownlee was with them, apparently there was a 4 man break away, they did stop for tea and cake at the end though.
tejvan February 1, 2015 at 7:58 pm #
I think I'd have to stick with the old A section if I was still with the Otley CC. 23mph sounds more like a chain gang!
KH June 29, 2015 at 6:41 pm #
I think some of the stuff looks like its been posted be x fishermen how big is yours on here . 23 mph I take it they do not ride the hills around Ampleforth to get the 23 mph at that age . Looks like the world of cycling joined the world of fishing and golf .
Ric Johnson August 18, 2015 at 7:30 pm #
Thanks for a very interesting article. Think I need to train more!
Mr Murray August 20, 2015 at 8:20 pm #
I have to say it has been a very good article to read. I love my road bike more than my wife hates the amount of money i spend on her (jess my stead) I like to ride hard and fast but have to say my avg solo looks great until i try to go out with the local chain gang! 23-25mph these guys are doing on a tuesday night over 20 miles. its madness! i do think however, This being my second year on a road big you can learn a lot riding with these guys i.e learning when to attack and when to settle in behind the stronger riders.
SATWIK October 5, 2015 at 11:22 am #
Please give me the references for the data that you have put here. I want to present something related to the data which is presented here.
CyclingLots October 31, 2015 at 5:55 pm #
When base training is there point in riding in zone 2 if that makes me end up with 25km/h average speeds? It seems so slow!
I'm a Cat 2 road racer but seem to be much stronger anaerobically than I am aerobically… I started cycling two years ago.
Thanks for this website, I love reading it!
tejvan November 1, 2015 at 9:11 am #
I wouldn't worry about average speed when cycling. I"m often averaging 15-16mph in winter. It feels very slow. When I'm timetrialling I hope to be doing 30mph+
CyclingLots November 1, 2015 at 6:30 pm #
Oh ok, thank you! I'll stick with it and have faith in those winter miles 🙂
Lisa July 25, 2016 at 7:09 am #
Awesome article. It's been reassuring for me. I ride on my own mostly now and feel like I'm working pretty hard to average 25kph for a hilly ride of about 50-60km…
But now i don't feel so bad! Knowing that I'd still be able to slot into a club ride and find it reasonable! Just a shame that all the club's near me don't consider it a ride unless it's over 10k! ?? Lisa, Moraira, Spain
Brian Witts February 17, 2018 at 3:31 am #
I would like to comment on this. Once upon a time I was a hard core amateur cyclist in the UK – 1986-1989. In 1988 or 1989 I can't remember I rode the fastest road race in the UK – the time of the Leeds Classic. Long story but 52 miles in 1:48. It was insane. 28.9 MPH average – was in cycling weekly. 8 man break I started never got caught. I was 7th no points. At one point on the flat through and off I saw 42mph…. mad…. so anything is possible. train 2 hours hard 5 days… cheers


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Mission of the Economics Department
The Department of Economics, an integral member of the Carol A. Ammon College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, offers courses leading to a Bachelor of Arts in Economics. The Department has a commitment to prepare students to be thoughtful, responsible, successful and involved citizens in a rapidly changing world. The Department also aspires to increase students' understanding of the (1) various schools of economic thought and (2) the interconnectedness of the social and behavioral sciences. In preparation for the significant future evolution in economic thought that is likely to take effect in the coming years, the Department seeks to maintain a faculty that includes members from various schools of thought, both orthodox and heterodox. To enhance the educational process and the scholarly reputation and profile of the Department, faculty members engage in research and offer their expertise to inform community decisions and debate. In particular, we value theoretical, applied, experimental, historical, and policy-oriented research that can be integrated into the courses that we teach. The Department takes pride in its collegial and supportive environment. Moreover, the Department is comprised of great colleagues that support each other on matters related to teaching, research, service, and professional development.
We are an enthusiastic group of educators who rely on diverse techniques to adapt to the different learning styles of our students. Our ultimate goal is for students to think like economists in their own right; not simply to learn the arguments of various schools of thought.
We are a dynamic group of researchers that values and supports a diverse research agenda, with respect to both field of interest and methodology. We are also ready to offer constructive criticism on each other's research. Acknowledging our relatively high teaching and service loads we value and appreciate both solo-authored and co-authored research from our members.
As a group of supportive colleagues, we understand that both the short-term operations and long-term vitality of the department depend upon the ongoing efforts and forward-looking planning of all group members. We also understand that we have certain service responsibilities within the Carol A. Ammon College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences and the University, and we take our service responsibilities seriously. The Department strives to have an equitable distribution of service duties among its members.
The mission of the Economics Department is subordinate to the respective missions of both Central Connecticut State University and the Carol A. Ammon College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences. To that end, the Department recognizes that higher education is an extraordinary tool to advance the personal, social, intellectual, and professional growth of students. As such, the Department has:
Designed a rigorous and structured undergraduate program of study in economics which meets the requirements of all nationally recognized graduate programs.
Committed a substantial amount of faculty resources to service the needs of the Schools of Business, Engineering, Science and Technology, and Education and Professional Studies, as well as the General Education requirements of the University.
Committed itself to serve the people of Connecticut by sharing faculty skills and expertise with the community.
A commitment to promote global understanding through seminars and faculty exchanges.


*The Minnesota State Patrol responded to a vehicle accident Friday morning in Martin County.
A Ford Fiesta was westbound on Interstate 90, near Martin county road 119, when the vehicle left the roadway and collided with a guardrail.
Mercedes Paige Huston sustained non-life threatening injuries.
The driver and passengers were all from Springfield, IL.


Here is video of the United States Senate passing the Democrats' Senate Health Care Bill early this morning by a 60-39 vote. The Democrats rammed it through on a straight party-line vote, with no Republicans voting for it.
Now, the House and Senate Health Care Bills move to a Conference Committee which must work to reconcile the two bills and come up with a report that must be passed by both the House and Senate before it can go to President Obama's desk. There are still some real sticking points, with the House bill containing a public option, and the Senate not having one. Also, the House bill has the more restrictive Stupak Amendment that prevents Federal Funding of Abortions through the bill, but the Senate bill does not.
Harry Reid plans to wait until January 19 to bring the Senate back into session.
Here is a full list of the steps needed to bring ObamaCare into law. As you can see, Democrats have now completed Step 5 out of 13 steps.


View past, current and next month or current and next two months to suit your planning needs.
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Horizontal format perfect for a cubicle setting.
Federal holidays highlighted in red and weekends shaded to aid in planning.
View past, current and next month or current and next two months to suit your planning needs. Yellow-highlighted QuickNotes® section for priority planning. Horizontal format perfect for a cubicle setting. Federal holidays highlighted in red and weekends shaded to aid in planning.


Even though the weather doesn't feel like summer, the summer food is out in a big way especially the grilling and roasting. It's on Food Network and if you walk around your neighborhood, especially on weekend, you can smell the aroma wafting in from different houses.
So keeping with the summer I made my own Green Summer Salad with roasted asparagus, cucumber, avocado, red onions, and baby romaine. I've made it before for friends visiting Ann Arbor and it's turned out well each time.
Mix the asparagus marinade to a smooth paste and mix it well with the asparagus. Let it marinade for an hour. In the meantime pre-heat the oven to 350deg C. Roast the asparagus for 9-11 min till they are done.
Mix the salad greens with chopped cucumber, red onions and avocado. Avocado should be cut last, just before serving.
Cut the asparagus into bit site pieces and add it to the salad.
Mix the salad dressing and drizzle it on the salad before serving. I like to keep it in a separate bowl and let guests serve as per their need.
This salad is head to Sig at Live to Eat where she is hosting JFI:Tamarind. Thanks for hosting Sig!
I also picked up some delicious recipes including a dal khichadi and bengali dal with radhuni. But before I get carried away, here's brief description of the of the food photos.
The pictures are in no particular order of the trip.
1. The cocunut water was enjoyed on a hot day at Chamundi temple in Mysore. I had forgotten the clean, mild and refreshing flavor of coconut water.
2. Bikanervala - I was able to indulge my spice cravings during the chat outing one evening. Along with Tokri chat (in later pic), we also had some panipuri and raj kachauri. And their aloo chaat was spicy, tangy, and ooh so yummy.
3. Andaaz-e Lucknow - The mall food was a big surprise. I was expecting a similar fare like US - generic chain food. So when someone suggested going to mall to get some food, I looked at them wondering 'why would I do that'? But I was wrong. There is so much to choose from. The Andaaz -e Lucknow picture is from Pacific Mall in East Delhi. Along with biryani, their chole bature were superb!
4. Cafe Bikaner - is a part of Bikarner House, Rajasthan Tourist department and has a cafe and a sit down restaurant. We all ended up ordering Paneer Tikks Sandwich which was delicious. I am going to try it out with whole wheat. The coffee and tea wasn't that good.
On another note, we received the Yummy Blog Award from Zainab and Meedo, the two sisters who blog at Arabic Bites. Check out their blog for delicious goodies. Thank you, it means a lot!
Summer isn't complete without mangoes. So when the first mangoes came in the market last month, I picked up a couple and tried this dessert for the first time. Since then, I have already made it a few times, and served it to friends with great success. The combination of cheese, mango and sugar make this dessert heavenly.
Best of all this is a no bake, chilled dessert. It's best if you make it in advance as it needs to chill to get the right consistency. This works as a great dessert after a spicy meal. Enjoy.
Cut one mango in small chunks to be used in the pie mix. Keep the other mango for layering the pie.
Mix the heavy cream with half of the sugar till you get whipping cream. Now mix this with the mascarpone cheese and sugar. Fold it together till it blends well.
Now add half can of the mango pulp, little at a time to the mix and fold it together.
Blend well until the entire pulp is incorporated. Add the vanilla essence and mix the small mango pieces into the mix.
Pour mixture into the graham cracker crust. Cut the other mango into thin, long slices and put it on top of the pie.
Put it in the refrigerator overnight.
The first time I I didn't have enough time, so I put it in the freezer for 3-4 hours to set it and took it out 25-30 min before I had to serve and put it in the fridge.
The first picture is my entry for Click:Yelow for Bri hosted by Bee and Jai at Jugalbandi and the Mango Pie is going to Monthly Mingle 23- Mango Mania hosted by Meeta at What's for Lunch, Honey?
I was gone for a couple of weeks, so when I came back I headed to Ann Arbor Farmers Market this Saturday . And I wasn't disappointed. There were many new offerings.
I picked up some fresh organic red chard and am making some red chard dal as I write this post. A big bunch of fresh radishes, I ate some raw and they are juicy and delicious. But the highlight is fresh strawberries. You can even see some mud on some of them, it can't get any fresher! I could hardly wait to eat them and popped some in my mouth as soon as I cleaned them. They were tart, tangy, sweet and burst of flavors. Time to look up some strawberry desserts!
I just came back after a whirlwind traveling in India and have stories, pictures and recipes to share. As I started catching up, I saw the story and the commendable effort by bloggers raising money for Bri. So, my stories are shelved for this post, and dedicated to Briana Brownlow of Figs With Bri.
Bri was diagnosed with breast cancer two and half years ago. A mastectomy, chemotherapy and two years of relatively good health later, the cancer is back. It has metastasized to other parts of her body. And she is fighting with all the options that are available and needs funds to explore options not covered by insurance and also supplement the insurance costs for her traditional treatment . Read more about it here.
For June, Jai and Bee are coloring Click: Yellow for Bri. Click is a monthly theme-based photography contest hosted by Jugalbandi. Yellow is the colour of hope and has been associated with the work of the LiveStrong Foundation. It has come to signify the fight against cancer.
You can submit entries for Click and win cool prizes. There's more! You can also win raffle prizes as you help raise money for Bri. The Click entries can be viewed here. The deadline for entries is June 30, 2008.
The target amount is 12,000 U.S. dollars. And 77% has been raised, so we need your help to achieve the goal. Bri deserves a chance to explore all options, even if her insurance company thinks otherwise.
There are exciting prizes to win. Browse the gallery here. And contribute here or through Chip in button at any of the participating blogs. Your donation can be made securely through credit card and Pay Pal and goes directly to Bri's account.
You can support this campaign by donating the fundraiser, by participating in CLICK: the photo event, and by publicising this campaign. Don't wait!


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China: April 2, 2001
: A United States Navy surveillance plane made an emergency landing in southern China yesterday after suffering damage during a collision with one of two Chinese J-8 fighters. The Chinese made J-8s are basically a twin engined Mig-21 with Western electronics. The US Pacific Command said its EP-3 plane issued a mayday signal and was able to land at an airbase on Hainan Island after the incident over the South China Sea. The four-engine propeller plane was on a routine mission in international airspace at the time of the collision. Pacific Command spokesman Colonel John Bratton said the minor collision appeared to be "an accident" and the Chinese had not forced the plane down. "The planes actually bumped into each other," another spokesman, Lieutenant Colonel Dewey Ford, said. There were no reports of injuries among the 24 crew members - one member of the US Air Force, one marine, and 22 navy personnel - on board the aircraft. Since the mayday call, there has been no communication with the EP-3 crew. Experts say run-ins between Chinese and US aircraft are quite common along the Chinese coast, although it was the first time an aircraft had made an emergency landing.
Chinese television quotes Chinese officials as saying the American plane was in Chinese airspace. According to the reports, the Chinese were following the American plane when it suddenly changed direction, causing the collision. This is highly unlikely, as the J-8s are much faster and more maneuverable than the propeller driven, four engine EP-3. A Chinese plane then crashed into the ocean, and searchers continue to look for the plane's pilot, the reports say. The Chinese reportedly are seeking compensation from the United States. "It's very regular for the American navy to have their planes intruding into Chinese airspace," Yan Xuetong, an international studies expert at Beijing's Tsinghua University said. "The Chinese then send up fighters and chase them out." The incident took place 140 kilometers from Hainan, in water deemed international by everyone except China, which claims everything down the Borneo as part of their territory. The Chinese have been regularly playing games where their fighters get within 20 feet of US intelligence planes.
The US has communicated its concern about the incident to the Chinese Government. It comes at a time when Sino-American relations are under increasing strain. US plans to develop a national missile shield - the so-called "son of star wars" - are a particularly contentious issue. There are also new negotiations with Taiwan for new weapons purchases. US Navy Commander Rex Totty said: "We expect that the government will respect the integrity of the aircraft and the well-being and safety of the crew in accordance with international practices, expedite any necessary repairs to the aircraft and facilitate the immediate return of the aircraft." The Chinese foreign ministry has yet to comment on the incident. The US plane took off from Kadena Airbase in Okinawa, Japan and landed in China, reportedly at Lingshui, Hainan, north of Monkey Island. It has been reported that the Chinese have refused to allow any contact with the EP-3 aircrew and are now on-board the EP-3. If the Chinese could examine the aircraft closely, it would be an intelligence bonanza for them. The EP-3 holds many secrets about how data on China is collected. The EP-3 first entered service in 1969 and has been upgraded several times since. It has a range of 5,500 kilometers. The Chinese are now demanding an apology and reparations for the downed fighter. There is an ongoing competition in the Chinese government over who will take over as the older generation passes from the scene. One faction seeks to demonize the United States and play up Chinese nationalism. It would be embarrassing to admit that sloppy flying by J-8 pilots caused the accident. However, the Chinese government has been caught constructing elaborate, and hardly believable, lies to cover up official incompetence lately.


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Home Sports More Sports Wisconsin football notes
Wisconsin football notes
The Big Ten football writers have chosen Bret Bielema as the best coach in the league (right now). An informal poll garnered him seven of 24 first-place votes. With the NFL lockout having come to a close, its been a Free Agent frenzy for undrafted college football players. Last night, it was reported that former UW quarterback Scott Tolzien was headed to Seattle, but today's reports say that he will be in Indianapolis. Players aren't allowed to sign until 9 am this morning, but they were able to start negotiating with teams yesterday. Former UW RB John Clay is reportedly signing with the Steelers, who showed interest in him post-draft.
UPDATE: Tolzien signed with San Diego. Looks like no one has any idea what's going on.
Additionally, Niles Brinkley signed with the Steelers and David Gilreath signed with the Colts
Cute Sports Badgers Football UW Big Ten Bielema Guster


Differntiate between site and subsite….!
Hi All, this is how u differentiate between site and subsite…. actually the thing which should be kept in mind is that we need to get the lowest level of site first…. so here is the code….


In a Feb. 26 address, Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld called suggestions that the US is really after Iraq's oil "utter nonsense."
"We don't take our forces and go around the world and try to take other people's real estate or other people's resources, their oil. That's just not what the United States does," he said. "We never have, and we never will. That's not how democracies behave."
Nonsense aside, the sands of Iraq hold oil... lots of it. According to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA), "Iraq holds more than 112 billion barrels of oil - the world's second largest proven reserves. Iraq also contains 110 trillion cubic feet of natural gas, and is a focal point for regional and international security issues."
Inflation in Iraq is estimated at around 25 percent.
Unemployment and underemployment are both high in Iraq.
Iraq's merchandise trade surplus is about $5.2 billion, although much of this is under UN-sanctioned control.
Iraq suffers a heavy debt burden, possibly as high as $200 billion (or more) if debts to Gulf states and Russia are included.
Iraq also has no meaningful taxation system and suffers from erratic fiscal and monetary policies.
While its proven oil reserves of 112 billion barrels ranks Iraq second in the world behind Saudi Arabia, EIA estimates that up to 90-percent of the country remains unexplored due to years of wars and sanctions. Unexplored regions of Iraq could yield an additional 100 billion barrels. Iraq's oil production costs are among the lowest in the world. However, only about 2,000 wells have been drilled in Iraq, compared to about 1 million wells in Texas alone.
Shortly after its failed 1990 invasion of Kuwait and imposition of resulting trade embargos, Iraq's oil production fell from 3.5 million barrels per day to around 300,000 barrels per day. By February 2002, Iraqi oil production had recovered to about 2.5 million barrels per day. Iraqi officials had hoped to increase the country's oil production capacity to 3.5 million barrels per day by the end of 2000, but did not accomplish this given technical problems with Iraqi oil fields, pipelines, and other oil infrastructure. Iraq also claims that oil production capacity expansion has been constrained by refusal of the United Nations to provide Iraq with all the oil industry equipment it has requested.
EIA's oil industry experts generally assess Iraq's sustainable production capacity at no higher than about 2.8-2.9 million barrels per day, with net export potential of around 2.3-2.5 million barrels per day. In comparison, Iraq produced 3.5 million barrels per day in July 1990, prior to its invasion of Kuwait.
Importance of Iraqi Oil to the U.S.
The EIA's Website also features this excellent complete chronology of events pertaining to Iraq from 1980 through the end of 2002.


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Packaging technologies for the control of stored-product insects
K-State Electronic Theses, Dissertations, and Reports: 2004 -
Scheff, Deanna Sue
Larvae of the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner), have the ability to invade or penetrate packaging materials and infest the food within. Energy bars with three polypropylene packaging types were challenged with eggs (for first instars), third, and fifth instars of P. interpunctella to determine package resistance to larvae at 28°C and 65% r.h. to determine which provided the greatest protection against P. interpunctella larval penetration. Third and fifth instars showed a higher propensity to infest all packaging variations. First instars showed a reduction in package pentration abiltiy compared to third and fifth instars.
Methoprene is an insect growth regulator labeled in the USA for use as an aerosol spray, a residual surface treatment, and as a grain protectant, and recently has been impregnated into a polymer-based packing film to prevent insect infestations of packaged products. The objectives of these studies were 1) determine the effect of short term exposure time and temperature on four week old larvae, continual exposure on egg-to-adult emergence of beetles, and sub-lethal effect on adults of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and warehouse beetle, Trogoderma variabile Ballion, on the inside and outside surfaces of methoprene-treated woven packaging material at 27 and 32°C at 60% r.h.; 2) evaluate fecundity, egg hatch, and egg-to-adult emergence of T. castaneum and T. variabile, when exposed to two methoprene-impregnated polymer packaging on the inside and outside surfaces at 27 and 32°C at 60% r.h.; and 3) determine the effect of methoprene-treated foil packaging on larval emergence, penetration, and invasion ability of T. variabile and P. interpunctella at 27°C and 60% r.h.
Short term exposure results indicated that adult emergence from larvae of T. castaneum and T. variabile decreased with increasing exposure time. The number of eggs laid per female of T. castaneum and T. variabile did not vary from their controls. Continual exposure demonstrated 100% supression of T. castaneum adult emergence, irrespective of exposure to outside or inside surfaces. T. variabile exposed to inside surfaces were unaffected and normal adult emergence was reduced in those exposed to outside surfaces..
The number of T. variabile eggs laid per female was not significantly different among polymer packaging types. The methoprene-treated polyethylene terephthalate to polyethylene packaging, PET-PE reduced the number of T. castaneum eggs laid per female. Both polymer packaging reduced the percent hatch of both species. No T. castaneum adults emerged on the inside surface of PET-PE and both sides of the polyethlyene to polyethylene (PE-PE). Egg-to-adult emergence of T. variabile was arrested at the pupal stage on the outside surface of PE-PE packaging. The PET-PE packaging greatly reduced the number of normal adults by 87 to 97% when exposed to inside surfaces at both temperatures.
The foil packaging had no significant effect on hatch of either species. T. variabile were unable to penetrate/invade any foil packages. P. interpunctella invaded all packaging containing pinholes. Therefore, continual exposure of T. castaneum and T. variabile to methoprene impregnated packaging could be a vaiable tool to protect food packages.
Keywords: Stored-product insects; methoprene; packaging resistance; Plodia interpunctella; Tribolium castaneum; Trogoderma variabile
Graduation Month: May
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy
Department: Department of Grain Science and Industry
Major Professor: Subramanyam Bhadriraju Hulya Dogan
Filename: DeannaScheff2016.pdf


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7 Physical Signs to Look Out For That Reveal Someone is Lying
Brandy McDonald-Johnson
Everyone has been lied to at some point in their life. The thought of being betrayed by the people close to us can hurt, but sometimes it happens. As with a lot of situations, there are red flags to watch out for when you suspect someone is lying to you. Along with verbal cues that someone might not be telling the truth, there are multiple physical signs that can do the same.
1. Difficulty Making Eye Contact
The biggest way to tell if someone is being untruthful is to watch their eyes. You've probably heard that the eyes are the window to the soul and in a lot of cases, it's true. According to E. E. Smith, liars avoid eye contact, look down when they're speaking, or angle their bodies away from whoever they're speaking to. In a maneuver called "eye pointing", retired FBI Agent Jack Schafer says, "Liars often look toward the nearest exit, telegraphing their desire to physically and psychologically escape the anxiety caused by lying."
2. Self-Soothing
Self-soothing is the act of touching oneself to try and find a sense of comfort. Dr. Diana Raab says actions like ear tugging, neck touching, collar pulling, or mouth covering may indicate that someone is telling a lie. There is no sure way to tell whether a person who is self-soothing is coming up with a lie or trying to recover from one. However, Smith says that body language is a dead giveaway.
3. Change in Voice
A change in voice can come from a change in emotion, internal state, or just change in pitch. When liars feel threatened, they may get super defensive, their heart may start to race and an outpour of emotions may cause an unintentional change in the way they speak. Raab says even if they're good at controlling their emotions, a change in pitch may tell when someone is lying and uncomfortable.
4. Throat Clearing
According to Schafer, a liar's "fight or flight" response can make the throat really dry. Throat clearing, hard swallowing, and jaw manipulation are signs that a person is trying to create more saliva. The lack of moisture in the mouth makes it difficult for them to speak a lot without stimulating those salivary glands in the throat. You just might be having a conversation with a truthful person with a dry throat but it's unlikely if there's a lot of mouth movement going on.
5. Sweat
Where does that moisture from the mouth go when it disappears? It turns into sweat! Schafer says moisture from the throat usually reroutes itself to the skin to escape as sweat. A lot of people sweat when they get nervous and this is no different. Depending on the level of duress the body is under and the amount of stress the liar feels, they could sweat anywhere from a few drops to a whole cup full.
6. Unusual Fidgeting
A fidgety person is always suspicious to most people. When someone can't sit or stand still, people usually take notice and watch carefully. This should be the same response in the presence of a liar. "When pressed for details, they may get fidgety or agitated," says Smith. Twitching or making movements they wouldn't usually make (like folding the arms) indicate that a person may be lying or feel as if they're about to be caught.
7. Backward Movement
A lot of people don't really notice but liars sometimes make backward movements to put more space in between them and the person they're speaking to. Schafer says that moving the head back, leaning backward or physically taking a step back can be signs of untruthfulness. "People tend to lean toward the people and things they like, and distance themselves from people and things they dislike," Schafer says.
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-empowerment-diary/201706/7-signs-someones-lying-you
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/not-born-yesterday/201602/liar-liar-pants-fire
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/let-their-words-do-the-talking/201411/9-subtle-signs-someones-lying-you