text:
Home PERU Guide of Aguas Calientes Thermal baths
Tours en Aguas Calientes
2-Day Inca Trail To Machu Picchu
3 days tour to Cusco city and Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu day trip from Cusco
Cusco, Sacred Valley and Machu Picchu 5-Day Tour
Machu Picchu and Huayna Picchu Admission Ticket
Machu Picchu (Day Trip)
Machu By Train (Day Trip)
Agua Calientes to Machu Picchu Guided Tour
Machu Picchu in One Day from Cusco
Machu Picchu By Train (Day Trip)
Machu Picchu official entrance ticket
Machu Picchu By Train (2 Days)
The best private Sacred Valley tour
Machu Picchu And Huayna Picchu Entrance Ticket 08:00 Am
Machu Picchu Ticket: Official Entrance Ticket
Machu Picchu General Admission Ticket
Bus tickets to Machupicchu Round-trip
Private Guided Tour in Machu Picchu
Attractions in
Machu Pichu
Also in Aguas Calientes
Suggested excursions
Thermal Baths, Aguas Calientes, Peru. Aguas Calientes - PERU
Direccion: Avenida Hermanos Ayar, Aguas Calientes 08681, Peru
Named for the hot springs found in this place, where you can rest after a long walk, Aguas Calientes is the service town for Machu Picchu. There is a wide variety of hotels and restaurants that offer a variety of flavors. A medium-sized restaurant is probably considered more expensive than in Cusco due to its proximity to Machu Picchu, but there is a fun village atmosphere and it is a good place to enjoy the countryside. There is internet access (but more expensive than in other places). It is also the train terminal that arrives from Cusco, with the rails that cross the main streets. However, there is now a train station where trains leave. Please note that you must purchase your ticket to go to Machu Picchu in the main square of Aguas Calientes BEFORE you go to the ruins.
The baths are located within the Aguas Calientes river valley that constitute a youth valley, the river has an approximate width of 5 m., There is the presence of intrusive rock and recent deposits that contain high sandy matrix, due to the speed of the cause currents erosions in the margins causing landslides and the presence of upstream of a lagoon called the Leonera, which stores water and rocky elements that when landslides occur causes landslides.
The average temperature of these waters is between 38ºC and 46ºC. According to their chemical composition and temperature, these waters are recommended for arthritic, skin and stress diseases. The pools or pools conditioned in this place present the basic infrastructure for use as a thermal bath, has hallways, toilets and a small snack


text:
Q: What is //= in Perl? I found an example of some Perl code I needed, but it had something in it that I didn't recognise.
my $i //= '08';

I can't find any reference to this anywhere! It appears to be the same as:
my $i = '08';

Am I missing something?

A: Short answer: It's the same as my $i = '08';. You probably wanted $i //= '08';.

First, let's look at $i //= '08';
EXPR1 //= EXPR2;

is the same as
EXPR1 = EXPR1 // EXPR2;

except that EXPR1 is only evaluated once. It's a convenient way of writing
EXPR1 = EXPR2 if !defined(EXPR1);

See perlop for documentation on Perl operators.

Back to my $i //= '08';. That means
my $i;
$i = '08' if !defined($i);

but $i will always be undefined in that situation. It would be far better to write
my $i = '08';

But, the code was probably supposed to be
$i //= '08';   # no `my`

A: The //= operator is the assignment operator version of the // or 'logical defined-or' operator.
In the context of a my variable declaration, the variable is initially undefined so it is equivalent to assignment (and would be better written as my $i = '08';).  In general, though,
$i //= '08';

is a shorthand for:
$i = (defined $i) ? $i : '08';

It is documented in the Perl operators (perldoc perlop) in two places (tersely under the assignment operators section, and in full in the section on 'logical defined-or'). It was added in Perl 5.10.0.

A: It is "defined-or" operator.
$i //= '08';

is equivalent to:
$i = defined($i)? $i: '08';

It was introduced in Perl 5.10.0, and not supported by older versions.

A: $i //= '08' is the same as $i = defined($i) ? $i : '08'.
It's almost the same as $i ||= '08', which translates to $i = $i ? $i : '08'.
Now, when you declare your variable with my, it's set to undef. Thus, it will always follow the 08 branch.
Also, in case you're wondering, the // operator appeared in the Perl v5.10; so it would generate a compilation error on the older Perls.

A: It's almost the same as ||, except that it checks if $i is defined, not just true.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Shannon Beador's three children are reportedly upset that their father will be sharing custody with their mom.
shannon beador and her estranged husband, David Beador, were granted joint physical and legal custody of their children, including 16-year-old daughter Sophie, and 13-year-old twins Stella and Adeline, last week in an orange county court. Unfortunately, not everyone is said to be happy with the ruling. Instead, the kids are allegedly "furious" that their father was given so many rights.
During the recent court date, via a report by Radar Online on March 19, the "Real Housewives of Orange County" star was granted a total of $30,000 a month in spousal support and child support.
Needless to say, Shannon is said to be quite pleased with the outcome but when it comes to Sophie, Stella, and Adeline, they aren't too pleased at all.
While David Beador is reportedly getting just "15 percent" visitation with his kids, they want to be with their mom. According to an insider close to the family, Shannon isn't trying to keep her daughters away from their father but the kids reportedly feel the entire scenario is "messed up" and don't want to spend much time with David. As for why they wouldn't want to see him, the source claimed he has been talking badly about the Bravo Tv reality star.
Throughout the taping of recent seasons of "The Real Housewives of Orange County," fans have been taken into the marriage between Shannon and David Beador and learned about a number of their issues, including his eight-month affair with another woman. So, when it comes to Shannon potentially trash talking her husband, she simply doesn't need to because her children already know what kind of man their father truly is.
Since his breakup from Shannon Beador last year, 53-year-old David has been involved in a committed relationship with 34-year-old Lesley Cook and according to Radar Online, his kids aren't happy about the new romance.
They also don't want to be anywhere near their dad's new leading lady -- or hear anything about her when they are together.
While David has blamed Shannon for the alleged lack of time he has with his three kids, the insider went on to reveal that the teenagers barely have time for themselves because of all their extracurricular activities. "David knows this and he still tries to blame it on Shannon," the source added.
"The Real Housewives of Orange County" season 13 will air later this year on Bravo TV.


text:
Chris Grasso | Jazz Pianist
Chris Grasso is a Washington, D.C.-based jazz pianist who specializes in working with vocalists. Check out performance videos of Chris with Sharón Clark, Lena Seikaly, Bucky Pizzarelli/Chuck Redd/Nicki Parrott, Tommy Cecil/Marshall Keys, Lyle Link, Denise King and Janine Gilbert-Carter.
Chris serves as Music Director for D.C.'s most in-demand jazz singer, the incomparable Sharón Clark. They have appeared together on many stages, from the National Mall to the Kennedy Center, and have received rave reviews from the New York Times, Wall Street Journal and JazzTimes.
Chris has performed live on WPFW, Washington, D.C.'s jazz station, with jazz greats Keter Betts and Buck Hill. He also has appeared with the Ken Peplowski/Chuck Redd Quartet, guitar legend Bucky Pizzarelli, and with New Orleans' historic jazz family, the Jordans. Chris joined Denise Thimes, Matt Wilson, Avery Sharpe and Albert Rivera to close the show after Dave Brubeck's performance at the 2010 Litchfield Jazz Festival. In addition, Chris has appeared at the East Coast, Mid-Atlantic, Cape May and Clark Terry jazz festivals and has performed at all the major venues in the Washington, D.C. area, including the One Step Down, Blues Alley, Twins Jazz, Bohemian Caverns, the Smithsonian Jazz Cafe, the Kennedy Center, and the Music Center at Strathmore.
Prior to pursuing a career in jazz, Chris studied classical piano at the Peabody Conservatory in Baltimore and the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, where he earned a Bachelor of Musical Arts degree and won the university's concerto competition. He also placed third in the National Chopin Competition and has appeared as a concerto soloist with the University of Michigan Philharmonic and the Syracuse Symphony. After college, he took an eight-year break from music, working as a journalist, earning a law degree from the University of California-Berkeley and practicing law in Washington D.C.
Learn More about chris

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


With a reputation for good quality, great customer service and value for money, it is easy to see why JTX are so popular in the UK.
The Cyclo 6 lives up to these high expectations and provides a brilliant workout that will help you improve your overall fitness.
One of the most important features of any indoor training bike is the weight of its flywheel. With this in mind the Cyclo 6 comes with an impressive 22kg flywheel.
As a result, the cycling motion is smooth and produces infinite resistance that can be adjusted with a turn of a knob. The knob controls a brake that touches the flywheel generating the resistance.
Whether you are looking to have a long steady cycling session or do some high intensity interval training, you will find the perfect resistance for you.
In addition, the bike is belt driven instead of using a chain. This helps to minimise the amount noise produced while being used and further helps with the motion smooth of the flywheel.
Once you have finished your workout or need to stop quickly, there is an emergency stop button that quickly stops the flywheel. All you do is push the knob down so that it applies the brake to the flywheel.
Spinning bikes are often known for being quite comfortable with their thinly padded narrow seats.
However, JTX listened to previous customer feedback and upgraded the seat to include extra padding. Therefore, the seat is comfortable to use allowing you to concentrate on your workout.
Furthermore, the bike is highly adjustable, thanks to the Quadri-set adjustable system. This allows users to move the handlebars vertically and horizontally, while the seat can be altered vertically, and its angle changed.
It is a shame that the seat can't be adjusted forwards and backwards as this would have further helped improve users cycling position.
As we would expect with a spinner, the pedals come with a road bike style clip to hold your feet in place. This prevents your feet from slipping off the pedals and potentially causing injury.
Despite the minor drawback of the seat the bike is still very comfortable to use.
The bike is heavy weighing 66.5kg. Therefore, you may need an extra pair of hands while assembling the bike.
Nonetheless, the assembly is well thought out and the clear instructions make it a far less daunting task.
Although the bike is heavy, it does show the high-quality of components used in the bike's construction.
As a result, the bike can support a maximum user weight of 160kg.
In spite of its weight, the bike is easy to move thanks to the transport wheels on the front of the bike.
If you would like a lighter bike, then you will need a model that has an aluminium frame. However, you should expect to spend considerably more.
Another feature that JTX improved as a result of customer feedback is the console display.
Users complained that it was too small and couldn't see the metrics easily. Consequently, they made the display larger so that it is easy to see.
The console tracks time, distance, speed, calories burned and pulse.
In addition to tracking the basic metrics users can also set targets for time, distance or heart rate.
This allows you to focus on your workout rather than watching the metrics. The target heart rate feature is particularly useful as it helps keep users working at the optimal intensity over the entire duration.
Tracking your heart rate is done by either using the built-in handlebar sensors or chest strap which is included.
More often than not, manufacturers don't include the chest strap monitor with the product. It is nice to see that JTX have made the extra effort and have even including a water bottle.
Their attention to detail is what makes them stand out from the competition.
The Cyclo 6 comes with a 2-year warranty on parts and labour and a lifetime warranty on the frame. This shows the confidence that the manufacturer has in their product giving added peace of mind.
JTX are also known for their exceptional customer service which is an often-overlooked factor when buying fitness equipment.
All in all, the Cyclo 6 is a high-quality spinning bike that would not look out of place in your local commercial gym.
The heavy flywheel ensures a smooth ride with more than enough resistance for all levels of users.
For a bike of this quality you could easily spend close to £1000. However, this model can be picked up for just under £500 which is great value for money.
There is a reason why this one of the top selling bikes on the market today.


text:
Q: How to remove conntrack modules? I tried to remove conntrack modules by conntrack -D but it is not removed.
The list of contracks that I want to remove is :
  # conntrack -L |grep 192.168.2.210
  tcp      6 1 LAST_ACK src=192.168.2.210 dst=192.168.2.28 sport=53123
  dport=47778 src=192.168.1.214 dst=192.168.2.210 sport=47778                dport=53123 [ASSURED] use=1
 conntracktcp      6 431999 ESTABLISHED src=192.168.2.210      dst=192.168.2.28 sport=53125 dport=20900 src=192.168.1.214      dst=192.168.2.210 sport=20900 dport=53125 [ASSURED] use=1
 v1.4.3 (conntrack-tools): 110 flow entries have been shown.
 tcp      6 431971 ESTABLISHED src=192.168.2.210 dst=192.168.2.28      sport=53122 dport=21 src=192.168.1.214 dst=192.168.2.210 sport=21      dport=53122 [ASSURED] helper=ftp use=2
 tcp      6 431979 ESTABLISHED src=192.168.2.210 dst=192.168.2.28      sport=53124 dport=21 src=192.168.1.214 dst=192.168.2.210 sport=21      dport=53124 [ASSURED] helper=ftp use=2

I runned conntrack -D and conntrack -F and I get
 conntrack v1.4.3 (conntrack-tools): connection tracking table has been emptied.

I runned conntrack -L again I get the following lines
# conntrack -L |grep 192.168.2.210
conntrack v1.4.3 (conntrack-tools): 27 flow entries have been shown.
tcp      6 431996 ESTABLISHED src=192.168.1.214 dst=192.168.2.210     sport=20900 dport=53125 src=192.168.2.210 dst=192.168.2.28 sport=53125     dport=20900 [ASSURED] use=1

I need to remove this line from conntrack
Any help is appreciated


text:
//Problem 11. Bank Account Data

//A bank account has a holder name(first name, middle name and last name), available amount of money(balance), bank name, IBAN, 3 credit card numbers associated with the account.
//Declare the variables needed to keep the information for a single bank account using the appropriate data types and descriptive names.

using System;
class BankAccData
{
    static void Main()
    {
        string firstName = "Ivan";
        string middleName = "Georgiev";
        string lastName = "Petrov";
        string bankName = "BULBANK";
        string iban = "UCSDFDQW42003201";
        int balance = 123012421; // The balance could be negative if the customer has 0.00 and bank taxes are paid at that moment
        ulong creditCard_1 = 1234123412341234;
        ulong creditCard_2 = 1234123412341234;
        ulong creditCard_3 = 1234123412341234;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


I got this case after getting fed up with the stretching of the silicone on my Otterbox Defender case. I like the idea of a silicone sleeve wrapped with a hard carapace, it seems like the best combination of the two. The case protects well (I drop my phone a lot!) and feels nice to the touch, with the plastic shell having a matte coating that gives it a soft feel.
1. The soft matte coating on the plastic quickly (within days) wore off on edges, leaving it looking shiny and unsightly in places.


7 Dec Check to make sure that the "Manually manage music and videos" option is turned on: Connect your device to your computer. Open iTunes. Locate and click on your device. In the left sidebar, click Summary. Scroll to the Options section. Click the box next to "Manually manage music and videos." Click Apply. 28 Jan - 4 min - Uploaded by helpvid As all will be aware Apple make frequent software updates to iTunes, some major updates. 6 Apr - 3 min - Uploaded by spllitz This how to transfer/add music/songs from computer/itunes to your iPhone, iPod Touch, and.
12 Dec - 3 min - Uploaded by TechProbSolution This is a quick tutorial on how to transfer music from computer to iPhone (any iPhone that's. 6 Mar 3. Automatic Music Transfer Method. On the iTunes main window pane, click on the Music menu tab at the top of the screen. Ensure the check box next to the Sync Music option is enabled – click this check box if not. To enable the transfer of all your music, click the radio button next to the Entire music option. 26 Jan iTunes by default automatically syncs all the songs in your library, but Using the dock connector that came with your iPhone, plug it into your.
Add music to iTunes if needed. then plug the other end of the cable into your iPhone's charging port. 4 5. Click Sync. It's a grey button in the lower-right side of the iTunes page. 12 Apr Follow us to put music on your iPhone from computer or iTunes library without iPhone X/8 (Plus) and many of you might want to get the old iPhone 6s/6/SE/5s/5 or Plug your iPhone into your computer with a USB cord. 31 Jan How to download music from laptop to an iPhone? This post will show you two ways to transfer songs from laptop to iPhone 7/6s/6/5 with or. You don't need to wrestle with iTunes in order to get music onto your iPhone. There are several alternative methods and workarounds, from full-on media. 12 Apr You can still add (or delete) your favourite songs to your iPhone or iPad without using iTunes. Here's how.
View, preview, and transfer songs from any iPhone, iPod, or iPad to your Mac to into iTunes we recommend that you avoid syncing the device to iTunes as, in. 17 Apr In addition to moving music from iTunes to iPhone, there is another free Step 5: After selecting the items you'd like to sync, tap on Transfer to. 1 Star 2 Stars 3 Stars 4 Stars 5 Stars Never run iTunes with your iPhone, iPod, or iPad connected unless you are sure that your iTunes library iTunes should now transfer all the music present in your library to your iPhone, iPod, or iPad. It's the ideal iPhone manager to backup music and video to PC/iTunes. The iPhone Plug your iPhone into PC with USB cable, launch Syncios iPhone Music Transfer. iPod, iPod touch 6, iPod touch 5, iPod touch 4, iPod touch 3, iPod Touch.


text:
The Glamorgan-Gwent Archaeological Trust Ltd.
Home Public Engagement Commercial Services Historic Environment Record Archaeological Planning Caring for Heritage
The Glamorgan-Gwent Archaeological Trust Ltd, is committed to providing a service that is accessible to everyone, at the same level and on equal terms. Our website is designed to maximise ease of use by everyone, including people with disabilities.
Most internet browsers include a feature that gives you the ability to change the size of the text on the screen. Our site has been designed to work with these features.
You can often change the text size by holding Ctrl on your keyboard and rolling the wheel on your mouse. For other methods, see below.
Changing the text size in Microsoft Internet Explorer
Changing the text size in Mozilla Firefox
Zooming in Opera
Our site has been designed to conform to all relevant technical standards and recommendations. Some of these are listed below.
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
The World-Wide Web Consortium's standards for XHTML 1.0 (Transitional) and CSS level 2.1
We aim to comply with the Disability Discrimination Act of 1995 with respect to the provision of services online, as required by the Disability Rights Commission. This Act states unambiguously that private and public sector web sites must be accessible.
Links are written to make sense when read out of context.
All images used in this site have appropriate text equivalents.
Cascading style sheets have been used for layout and presentation.
Each page is constructed so that it can be read without style sheets.
This site uses relative font sizes to enable the user to specify "text size" in visual browsers.
All forms follow a logical Tab sequence.
Labels are associated with fields in HTML forms.
A site map has been included to provide information about the general layout of the site.
Archwilio
Archaeological Planning
Historic Environment Record
Copyright © The Glamorgan-Gwent Archaeological Trust Ltd (Registered Charity No. 505609; Registered in Wales, No: 1276976)


StatPro has previously explained that the Group is to be structured into three divisions in 2019. Revolution will be the Analytics division, comprising Revolution, Seven, Delta and Alpha. Source: StatPro will be the data division while Infovest will be the integration and data management division, comprising Infovest and StatPro Portfolio Management (SPM). StatPro's Capital Markets Day gave a very useful rundown on the development of the Group and the prospects for growth under its new divisional structure. The presentations from the divisional CEOs identified the potential that lies within the individual businesses but also the benefits of selling combinations of Group products to its clients. Currently, 47 of StatPro's 500 clients use services from more than one of the new divisions so the opportunity to increase the Group's share of its clients' spend is clear. In this document, we summarise the main points from the CMD and highlight what to expect from the divisions.


The gallery stocks a wide range of contemporary studio pottery with a small presence of glass and wood. The pieces available within The Shop element of the web-site are only examples of work that are for sale. A larger stock is held within the gallery. Only one photograph for each piece is shown. However, if you are interested then further images can easily be sent to you if required. You are welcome to either telephone or use our email box which is checked daily. Please refer to our opening times on this web-site if you plan to make a special journey to the gallery. A telephone call first is much better between a Monday and a Friday as we do have to close at various times in order to select new work for the gallery.
1. All the pots shown on our web-site are also on sale in the gallery. Please contact the gallery first before adding an item to a basket.
3. The prices shown include postage and packing.


text:
Q: how to convert CString to Bytes i am actually tryin to convert a csharp code to c... below is the C# code..
CString data = "world is beautiful";
Byte[] quote = ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);

in the above code... it converts the string into bytes..similarily is ther a way that i can convert it using C..
Can any body tell what wud be the quivalent code in C?
Please help me guys

A: Well CString is a C++ class so doing it in C is a little unlikely.
But if you wish to get it as a standard multi-byte encoded string then you can do the following
CString data    = "world is beautiful";
CStringA mbStr  = data;
char* bytes     = mbStr.GetString();

A: In C the char type is defined as one byte in memory. Hence storing your string as a char * would be equivalent to storing a byte array in C#.


We study the available contraceptive methods and products very carefully and know precisely what we are recommending. At the very top of our list is the GyneFix® copper coil, a relatively new and very popular method of contraception that works without hormones and is suitable for women of all ages. Its benefits: GyneFix® does not alter a woman's natural cycle, is a very reliable method of contraception (99.9%), and lasts for five years though can be removed at any time. It is a relatively inexpensive contraceptive method, is tolerated very well, and rarely causes side effects. As emergency contraception, it offers greater reliability than the morning-after pill.


text:
Hi, I'm Mary Pat Blake. I've been growing businesses for over 25 years across multiple industries. In 2002, Blake Strategic Consulting was started to accelerate clients' business growth and to increase their financial value. I work with companies both large and small, and from startups to 100 year old iconic brands. The work I do for them varies and includes building and executing go-to-market plans, competitive strategy, dialing up competitive advantages, marketplace analysis, brand creation or brand fixing, new products, and business development.
I am also hired as an interim manager to turn situations around, to solve problems, and to manage key initiatives. Typical roles include COO, CMO, and Special Assistant to the CEO. I am the former chief marketer for Charter Communications, a Fortune 500 company, and I was a member of its Executive Committee.
This has extended to Board Director service over the past decade. It's been a pleasure to serve companies and to help them grow.
My education is Harvard Business School (MBA) and the Carlson School of Management at the University of Minnesota (BS in Business). Both degrees were focused on marketing, finance, and general management.
I built my skills as a classically trained marketer and a director of finance in consumer products and restaurants with General Mills and Taco Bell. I've extended this experience into technology industries including cable, broadband, Internet TV, and the Internet of Things.
I'm passionate about serving clients well and treating their businesses as if they were my own. When a client's situation requires a unique skillset, other quality professionals will be brought into engagements on an as-needed basis.
Mary Pat Blake – Abbreviated Bio
Chief Marketing Officer & Member of the Executive Committee — Charter Communications Inc.
Product Manager — General Mills Inc.
Director of Finance — General Mills Inc.
Director of Marketing & New Product Development — Taco Bell Corporation
National Marketing Manager — Taco Bell Corporation
President & Consultant — Blake Strategic Consulting LLC, 14 years
3x Entrepreneur
Harvard MBA
Carlson School of Management, University of Minnesota, BS Business, Summa Cum Laude, Phi Beta Kappa
Board Director
Mentor, Minnesota Cup Entrepreneurial Competition (2014 Champion, and 4 Division Winners)
Overseer, Board of Overseers, Carlson School of Management, University of Minnesota
Blake Strategic Consulting, LLC
Provides counsel to many industries including:
— Technology
— Consumer products & services
— Internet of Things
— Cable & broadband
— Media & entertainment
— Food service
Blake Strategic Consulting is headquartered in Minneapolis and serves clients throughout the country.
Blake Strategic Consulting
5832 Lincoln Drive No 172
Contact Info Test
5832 Lincoln Drive, No. 172
Copyright © 2017 | Blake Strategic Consulting | All Rights Reserved


text:
Deep subsurface microbes
Revision as of 20:12, 19 April 2011 by Mack7 (talk | contribs) (→Nutrient Limitations)
3 Physical environment
3.1 Hydrothermal Waters
3.2 Sedimentary Basins/Oil Reservoirs
3.3 Crystalline Metamorphic and Igneous Rocks
4 Microbial communities
4.1 Key Organisms
4.1.1 Lithotrophs
4.1.2 Thermophiles
4.2 Adaptations
4.2.1 Nutrient Limitations
4.2.2 Dessication Resistance
4.2.3 Radiation Resistance
4.2.4 DNA Repair Mechanisms
5 Microbial processes
5.1 Anaerobic Respiration
5.1.1 Lithotrophy
5.1.2 Methanogenesis
5.1.3 Hydrocarbon Degredation
6.1 The Dark Energy Biosphere Institute (DEBI)
6.2 Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory (DUSEL)
6.3 International Continental Drilling Program and the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP)
[i]Bacillus infernus[/i]. Extracted in 1995 at Taylorsville Triassic Basin in Virginia from a depth of 2,700 meters (1.6777 miles). Copyright: Henry Aldrich (Friedman, Roberta "Extreme Life." Astrobiology Magazine 2 June 2002)[6]
With such a surprising diversity of organisms in such an extreme environment, the deep subsurface has been the subject of many studies in the recent years. Deep subsurface microbes carry out processes that alter the chemical makeup of minerals, degrade pollutants, and alter the mineral content of ground water. Many of them can also break down petroleum substances, which has been utilized in cleaning up oil spills and other accidents of that nature. Studies are being done to search for deep subsurface microbes that produce antibiotics and heat stable enzymes, and for those that assist in the degradation of toxic substances.
Microbes have found a way to exist in every corner of the planet, and humans have found ways to utilize their incredible diversity for thousands of years. From fermenting cheese and wine, to the production of pharmaceuticals, microbes have been utilized for a myriad of reasons. It was not until the late 1920's however, that scientists thought to look deep within the body of our earth itself for a new source of potential biodiversity. Due to the massive amount of habitable area, and the surprising density with which these microbes live, it is now believed that subsurface microbes are responsible for over half of the biomass on the planet [2].
Deep subsurface microbes first came into question when the American geologist Edson S. Bastin questioned why samples of water extracted from oil fields contained hydrogen sulfide and bicarbonates. Armed with the knowledge that certain species of bacteria can derive energy from reducing sulfur compounds in the absence of oxygen, he concluded that there must be populations of these bacteria living in the underground oil reserves, degrading the organic components of oil as a carbon source, and reducing sulfur compounds for energy. By 1926, Bastin and his colleague, Frank E. Greer had cultured sulfur reducing bacteria from samples taken from the groundwater of an oil deposit several hundred meters below the surface. Bastin and Greer's initial deduction was that the bacteria were the ancestors of those buried up to 300 million years ago when the organic materials constituting the oil deposit were buried [1].
Perhaps the most incredible thing about the microbes found in the deep subsurface, is that the majority of the populations can thrive indefinitely without any input from the earth's surface[1]. That being said, they are effectively 100% disconnected from the rest of life as we know it.
The deep subsurface ecosystem begins at about 50m below the surface of the earth's crust, and extends variably downward, up to 2.8km (1.7mi)[1]. The organisms live within the flooded pore space within the rocks and live by reducing inorganic compounds found in the rock. Intense pressures, high temperatures, limited liveable space, and limited nutrient availability are all factors that microbes living in this environment must adapt to. It seems that the largest limitation to microbial life in this habitat is temperature, which increases with depth. The highest temperature generally accepted as the livable range for microorganisms in this habitat is 110 degrees C [1] In oceanic crusts, the temperature of the subsurface increases at a rate of about 15 degrees C per kilometer of depth, giving a maximum livable depth of about 7 kilometers. In the continental crusts the rock warms at a significantly faster rate, about 25 degrees C per kilometer, resulting in a maximum livable depth of approximately 4 kilometers [1]. Microbes in these environments can only exist where water fills the pore spaces of rocks. In the marine subsurface, this is rarely an issue, but in continental subsurface, there tends to be a bit more variability in groundwater dispersion.
Hydrothermal Waters
Hydrothermal waters are generally located at tectonically active regions on the ocean floor. Spreading centers and hot spots bring magma relatively close to the surface, which heats the surrounding sediments and rock layers to extremely high temperatures. Hydrothermal subsurface ecosystems are characterized by extreme heat and the presence of sediments comprising both organic and inorganic compounds. The water located in the pore spaces of these deep hydrothermal systems more closely resembles axial hydrothermal vent fluid than typical seawater [2]. Because of this, the microbes inhabiting these ecosystems are almost exclusively thermophilic archaea, with a few genera of thermophilic bacteria as well [2].
Sedimentary Basins/Oil Reservoirs
In sedimentary basins and oil reservoirs, it is thought that the microbial communities are remnants from when their ancestors were buried underneath the sediment or organic matter. The nutrients contained within these ecosystems is typically organic matter produced by plants existing at the time when the layers were exposed at the surface. Energy is derived from the reduction of organic compounds in oil or sediments, as well as from inorganic compounds such as sulfur, iron, and manganese [3]. As depth increases, available pore space and nutrient availability decreases, so the metabolic rate of the communities slows down significantly. As the rock becomes increasingly compacted, the colonizable areas become increasingly patchy and isolated, resulting in a plethora of microcommunities surrounding the available sources of nutrients[1].
Crystalline Metamorphic and Igneous Rocks
Igneous rocks are perhaps the most hostile environment in which deep subsurface microbes exist. Due to the processes needed to create igneous rocks, i.e. extreme temperature and pressure, these habitats are effectively sterilized at their creation. Microbes can only colonize the rocks when they have been removed from the hostile surroundings, usually by tectonic processes. Once the rocks cool to below the temperature threshold for microbial life (as far as we know it) the microbes must be transported there by the infiltration of groundwater from above. The groundwater penetrates microscopic fissures and spaces between the crystals and the microbes begin to take hold.
Scanning electron microscope image of bacterial cells attached to muscovite flakes within quartzite. This sample was collected from a depth of 2km in South Africa. (Photo is courtesy of M. Davidson, Princeton University, and G. Southam, University of Western Ontario.) [4]
Due to the lack of organic materials in these igneous rocks, the microbial communities are comprised primarily of autotrophs. Their primary source of energy is hydrogen gas, which is produced by reducing iron and sulfur in the presence of oxygen poor water, and gather carbon from carbon dioxide. These microbes, termed "acetogens", excrete organic compounds that can then be utilized by other microbes[1]. These environments are often referred to as "SLiMEs", which stands for subsurface lithoautotrophic microbial ecosystems [1]. These ecosystems can exist indefinitely without any input from the surface.
Microbial communities
Microbial communities are surprisingly diverse in the deep subsurface. Communities consist mainly of bacterial and archaeal species that specialize in inorganic substrate oxidation, with iron and sulfur oxidation the two main energy sources. Thermophilic metal oxidizers proliferate throughout the range of deep subsurface microbes [3]. In communities colonizing sedimentary deposits or oil reservoirs, anaerobic heterotrophs utilize the abundant organic matter deposited when the formation was created. Microbes exist in a vast range of densities in these ecosystems, from a single cell permanently isolated from all other life, up to 100 million individuals per gram of rock [1]. Densities are a limited by substrate availability and pore space, which sometimes can be so small that only a single cell may fill the void at any given time. The life cycles of these microbes is impressively slow, with cell division occurring up to once per decade, or even once per century [1]. This is in stark contrast to surface microbes, which typically reproduce in a matter of minutes, or months at most.
Key Organisms
Lithotrophs
Lithotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of soluble inorganic compounds. These organisms are considered primary producers and constitute the largest portion of biomass in the deep subsurface biosphere.
Thermophiles
Thermophiles are microbes that have adapted to living in extremely hot environments. These environments occur deep in the rocks near the magma layer, or within the hydrothermal waters deep under the ocean floor. As far as we know, the hottest temperatures in which the most extreme thermophiles can sustain life is around 110 degrees C [1].
Nutrient Limitations
Most species inhabiting these depths have evolved the ability to reduce inorganic compounds contained within the rocks. These organisms typically use the inorganic compounds, such as iron and sulfur (ex. Desulfotomaculum, Thermodesulforhabdus, and Desulfacinum [3]), in conjunction with water to produce the hydrogen gas from which they get their energy. Some microbes (ex. Thermincola ferriacetica) have evolved the ability to survive with molecular hydrogen as the only energy substrate, iron compounds as terminal electron acceptors, and carbon dioxide as a carbon source [3]. There are some heterotrophic species that exist in these ecosystems as well. They feed on the organic waste products produced by the lithoautotrophs, as well as dead cells. Some can degrade petroleum substances heterotrophically and have been found to be quite useful because of it.
Microorganisms living under these conditions have developed an extraordinary ability to limit their metabolism to a level that is best measured in geologic time. Most have the ability to remain viable at minuscule to negligible metabolic cost [1]. It is because of this that the lines between life and death begin to blur. Some microbes remain metabolically dormant for such extended periods of time, that is impossible to tell whether a cell is dead or just dormant. Many individuals tend to lose the ability to reproduce after significant periods of dormancy as well [1]. It is because of these two facts that the classification of "living" or "dead" becomes a relative term when referring to deep subsurface microbes.
Dessication Resistance
As the microbes in this ecosystem use up their water reserves and have no way of replenishing, they will shrink their body size to under 1/1000 of the original volume. These dwarfed microbes are effectively termed "ultramicro-bacteria". Periods of dormancy may persist seemingly indefinitely in these stages [1].
Radiation Resistance
Some organisms from deep subsurface ecosystem have been shown to be extremely radiation resistant. There is speculation that higher levels of radiation in some subsurface environments provides a renewable source of energy for the microbial communities [4]. It is possible that the radiation resistance results from the improved DNA repair mechanisms that also characterize the organisms in these communities.
DNA Repair Mechanisms
Due to the long lifetimes of these organisms, coupled with periods of extreme stress and possibly radiation, DNA damage is rampant. There is considerable strain on DNA repair mechanisms to keep up with the damages provided by the environment. Over millenia, this pressure has selected for those individuals with exceptionally effective and efficient DNA repair mechanisms [5].
Microbial processes
Due to lack of oxygen the deep subsurface, the only way for life to carry on is to engage in anaerobic respiration. Anaerobic respiration is characterized by the use of alternative compounds as terminal electron acceptors,
Lithotrophy
Microbes use reduced inorganic substances, such as iron, sulfur, or magnesium from which to derive the chemical energy necessary to conduct biosynthesis.
Methanogenesis
Methanogenesis is the production of methane by microbes via anaerobic respiration. Methanogens as they are effectively named, have only been identified within the domain Archaea. Deep subsurface archaea are known to metabolize available organic carbon sources and are responsible for the production of large pockets of methane trapped within the earths crust.
Metabolic pathway of anaerobic hydrocarbon biodegradation in deep subsurface oil reservoirs. Copyright: Aitken, C.M., Jones, D.M., Larter, S.R., 2004. Anaerobic hydrocarbon biodegradation in deep subsurface oil reservoirs, Nature 431, p. 291-294
Hydrocarbon Degredation
Metabolic activity in areas rich in hydrocarbon substances support large numbers of anaerobic heterotrophic microorganisms. These microbes metabolize the hydrocarbons as both an energy source as well as for a carbon source. These organisms have special relevance in today's day and age, as petroleum products become increasingly more and more prevalent. These organisms facilitate the breakdown of these substances, and have been used to clean up oil spills and to help degrade other petroleum distillates [4].
The Dark Energy Biosphere Institute (DEBI)
DEBI is focused on bringing together scientists from diverse fields such as microbiology, biogeochemistry, and observatory science to try and create and expand ways to study and conceptualize life as we know it. DEBI is designated as a research coordination network, which, as an organization will provide opportunities and plan expeditions to study deep subsurface life [4].
a.)This diagram shows the mine shaft that the DEBI project is set to be constructed within.(Image courtesy of Dr. Z. Hladysz of SDSMT.) b.) The yellow lines in this image show potential coring opportunities for future microbiology experiments. The purple shaded area denotes the area of the ground that has contributed to groundwater seepage into the mine. [4]
Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory (DUSEL)
This facility takes advantage of the largest and deepest underground mine in the United States. Located in the Black Hills of South Dakota, this old gold mine will provide microbiologists with a drilling platform from which to study deep subsurface microbiology. Though the facility is mainly being developed for the study of quantum physics, it will serve as a station to study the ecological habits and interactions of deep subsurface microbes [4].
International Continental Drilling Program and the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP)
Almost all knowledge gained about deep subsurface microbiology has been gained through the cooperation of biologists and unrelated drilling operations. By "piggybacking" on exploratory drilling operations, biologists have been able to test otherwise inaccessible areas. The IODP is a cooperative program that aims to continue to give biologists and other scientists alike the ability to incorporate scientific study of deep subsurface microbes with current unrelated drilling plans.
[1]http://wvlc.uwaterloo.ca/biology447/modules/module6/Scientific_American_Article_Microbes.htm Fredrickson, J., Onstott, T. "Microbes Deep Inside the Earth." "Scientific American". 1996.
[2]Amend, J. P., & Teske, A. (2005). Expanding frontiers in deep subsurface microbiology. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 219(1-2), 131-155. Elsevier. Retrieved from http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031018204005954
[3] http://www.episodes.co.in/www/backissues/303/202.pdf Dong, H., Yu, B., "Geomicrobiological processes in extreme environments: A review" Episodes: Journal of International Geosciences. 2007. Volume 30. p. 202-216.
[4] http://www.microbemagazine.org/index.php/11-2009-home/1045-new-horizons-for-deep-subsurface-microbiology T. C. Onstott, F. S. Colwell, T. L. Kieft, L. Murdoch, and T. J. Phelps, "New Horizons for Deep Subsurface Microbiology". Microbe Magazine. 2009.
[5] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC182496/pdf/aem00040-0041.pdf Arrage, A., Phelps, T., Benoit, R., White, D., "Survival of Subsurface Microorganisms Exposed to UV Radiation and Hydrogen Peroxide". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 1993. Volume 59 . p. 3545-3550.
[6] http://web.mst.edu/~microbio/BIO221_2010/B_infernus.html Image: Copyright: Henry Aldrich (Friedman, Roberta "Extreme Life." Astrobiology Magazine 2 June 2002)
Edited by Craig Mack, a student of Angela Kent at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Retrieved from "https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Deep_subsurface_microbes&oldid=60473"
Pages edited by students of Angela Kent at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign


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Stay up to date on Adam Long and track Adam Long in pictures and the press.
Adam Long is an award-winning and respected writer, comedian and podcaster, which has been featured in NPR's New York Times, Fox News Channel, CNN, Buzzfeed, ABC News and NPR News/Stats, among other places. As well as being interviewed and published in the Los Angeles Review of Books and Salon, Adam Long's interviews over the past five years have been featured in many publications, including Rolling Stone and National Review, and have been the subject of numerous short fiction...
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« Norwegian Wood (Anh Hung Tran, 2011)
Archipelago (Joanna Hogg, 2011) »
Volver (Pedro Almodóvar, 2006)
Penélope Cruz (Raimunda), Lola Dueñas (Sole), Carmen Maura (Irene), Blanca Portillo (Agustina). Screenplay by Pedro Almodóvar. Directed by Pedro Almodóvar. Rating: 15. Running time: 121 minutes.
Volver is a special species of film, very different from Talk to Her, All About My Mother, Broken Embraces and any other member of the older Almodóvar's oeuvre. It still bursts with vibrant colour, in an even more uplifting tone than any of his other films. But what's different is the lack of sexual deviancy plastered all over the plot, and its sense of humour almost returning us to the lighter Almodóvar of the 80s.
This is a pure matriarchy fest, and it's delightful. I count three men with dialogue in the film: Raimunda's pedophiliac husband, who's stabbed to death by his daughter after five minutes of screen time; the local restaurant owner, who hands the keys to Raimunda before taking a trip to Barcelona; and the director of a film crew, who provides business in the form of buffet lunches in the restaurant that Raimunda cheekily takes over. Women are everywhere, and where you'd expect men to be moving a fridge freezer across the street, it's the former sex in control and working in groups to get things done. Raimunda is like a machine, dealing simultaneously with the death of her aunt, murder of her husband and the cooking of lunch for 30, all whilst shuffling two other part time jobs. There's an indescribably magical scene with a tracking shot following her uphill in this small Spanish village, as she drags a wheeled bag full of food and bumps into two friends who have conveniently bought a few kilos of pork and cookies from out of town in the past few days. She convinces them they would do well to diet, and sell it to her for the buffet instead.
Whilst the magic performance, and stunning visuals, stem from Penélope, the quality of the story is indebted to the return of Raimunda's mother. She apparently died, but reappears one day in the boot of her other daughter's car. This happens so naturally that it's a wonder how Almodóvar pulls these ludicrous plots off. The relationship begins to rebloom as Raimunda concurrently waltzes around her world of work and corpse removal. The latter is not reunited with her mother until very late on, but to get the privilege of Carmen Maura and Penélope exchanging lines within a single Almodóvar film is a moment to cherish. It would be like getting De Niro and DiCaprio together under the guidance of Scorsese.
It's remarkable just how light Volver is, not only in an aesthetic sense, but also with regards to how its feel overcomes its dark overtones of death and remains so joyful throughout. Never will the mopping up of blood flowing from a stab wound come across as such a beautiful and tranquil experience. Never will you feel so calm about the digging of a hole in a forest to dump a corpse in, a scene I thought the gangster film held exclusive rights over. Hitchcock would be proud of how the extraordinary becomes ordinary here. In the hands of Almodóvar, what should be extreme events arousing shock and horror are naturalised into this. Volver is a work of true genius, coming across as purely effortless.
Filed under: comedy, drama, hispanic	| Leave a Comment
Tags: all about my mother, almodovar, blanca portillo, broken embraces, carmen maura, de niro, dicaprio, hitchcock, lola duenes, pedro almodovar, penelope cruz, talk to her, volver
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JUST IN: Energy Sec. Rick Perry Slaps Global Warming In The FACE With Epic New Move…
First, the United States left the Paris Climate Accord — a pact that would have caused the U.S. to spend trillions to only maybe cool the earth 0.3 degrees.
And now, under the leadership of Department of Energy Secretary Rick Perry, offices related to global-warming and faulty-science are being eliminated.
NY Times reports:
The Energy Department is closing an office that works with other countries to develop clean energy technology, another sign of the Trump administration's retreat on climate-related activities after its withdrawal from the Paris agreement this month.
The 11 staff members of the Office of International Climate and Technology were told this month that their positions were being eliminated, according to current and former agency employees. The office was formed in 2010 to help the United States provide technical advice to other nations seeking to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Word of the closing came right before Rick Perry, the energy secretary, attended the latest Clean Energy Ministerial meeting in Beijing on June 6 to 8, agency employees said.
SHARE on Facebook and Twitter if you agree with Rick Perry!
Related Topics:Climate ChangeDonald TrumpGlobal WarmingRick Perry


While Warner Bros. did announce plans for a Cyborg movie at the 2017 San Diego Com-Con, there has been doubt the movie will move forward, especially considering the failure of Batman vs. Superman and Justice League.
In addition, rumors have been flying that the Cyborg movie isn't going to happen, and there is also the fact the character is appearing on the DC Universe streaming app Titans and Doom Patrol series.
Now Ray Fisher offers some insights as he says the movie would be really expensive to make.
While the $200 million price tag might sound like a lot (Wonder Woman cost $149 million), Ray Fisher is at least optimistic about it.
"Lisen, if we keep making noise, it can happen. It's about what the people want. And that's what people understand, that's what they recognize," Fisher said.
Ray Fisher also recently stated that while another actor is playing Cyborg in Doom Patrol, he isn't going anywhere, so it appears he will be involved for the long haul.
"I don't usually engage the rumor-mill, but it's recent turn may be worth a little grist: I am NOT, nor do I have ANY intention of, leaving Cyborg," Ray Fisher posted on Twitter. "Furthermore, if/when the time comes for me to hangup my all-too-revealing mocap onesie, you will hear it from me directly," with Fisher tagging the post with the #BORGLIFE hashtag.
A potential place Cyborg and Ray Fisher could show up in the DCEU could be the upcoming The Flash movie, as Cyborg was a part of Rick Famuyiwa's version of the script when he was attached to direct. It remains to be seen if current directors John Francis Daley and Jonathan Goldstein will still have the character be a part of the movie.
Actor Joe Morton, who played Cyborg's father in Justice League, also recently offered up they could use deleted footage from Justice League for a solo Cyborg movie.
"I know there's supposed to be a Cyborg movie they're going to shoot in 2020," Joe Morton said in a recent interview. "That's all I know. I haven't seen a script.


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Michigan's health department is distributing 3.5 million free masks as part of its 'Mask Up, Mask Right' campaign
As Michigan officials work toward flattening the curve of a second COVID-19 surge, the state's health department announced it's distributing 3.5 million free masks as part of a "Mask Up, Mask Right" campaign.
Free KN95 masks will be provided by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) to community organizations, including local MDHSS offices, health departments, and Area Agency on Aging offices, as well as homeless shelters.
"We are urging Michiganders to Mask Up and Mask Right to protect themselves, their loved ones and their communities from COVID-19," MDHHS Director Robert Gordon said in a statement. "Wearing the right kind of mask is important. Today's distribution of effective masks will help more Michiganders limit the spread of COVID to save lives and get back to normal sooner."
While officials have changed their messaging on masks throughout the pandemic, they now recommend people wear either a KN95 mask, a three-layered washable cloth mask, or a three-layered disposable mask.
Masks should be worn the nose and mouth.
People are advised not to wear N95 masks, as those are the preferred Personal Protection Equipment for health care workers. Bandanas, masks with vents, and plastic face shields worn without a mask are also not advised.
If you need a mask, you can find a local distribution point at michigan.gov/MaskUpMichigan or by calling the COVID-19 hotline at 888-535-6136.
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masks Michigan coronavirus COVID-19


Be sure to wipe out of your measuring cup or spoons all of something heavy or sticky to make sure it gets into your recipe. Successful baking depends upon exact measurements and you can lose up to a third of your ingredients golden syrup, honey, etc.) if you leave some behind in spoon or cup. I often run the tip of my little finger into the bowl of a spoon to get the last bit, or use a tiny spatula to make sure all of my ingredients end up in the recipe.
In cooking a tablespoon is not a serving implement but a precise measurement. If it helps, think of a tablespoon as 3 teaspoons.


text:
'use strict';

Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
  value: true
});

exports.default = function (input) {
  if (typeof input == null) return false;
  if (typeof input == 'undefined') return false;
  if (input instanceof Array) return false;
  if (typeof input === 'string' || input instanceof String) return true;
  return false;
};


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Jødisk Idætsforening Hakoah er en jødisk idrætsklub i København stiftet 12. oktober 1924 af Falk Meyer Rudaizky, Simon Sachnovsky, Eliser Schavlov og Nathan Farberoff.

Navnet Hakoah, som anvendes af mange jødiske idrætsklubber verden rundt. Ordet kommer af Hakoah-stjernen, der består af de tre hebræiske bogstaver, hei, kaf og chet, der tilsammen udgør navnet Hakoah, der direkte oversat betyder styrke eller kraft. Idrætsforeningen har og har haft fodbold, bowling, basketball, håndbold, bordtennis, brydning, tennis og gymnastik på programmet.

I 1932 vandt Abraham Kurland klubbens første Danmarksmesterskab, da han vandt guld i græsk-romersk letvægt i brydning. Samme år vandt han sølv ved de Olympiske Lege i Los Angeles og guld ved den første Maccabiade.

Hakoahs formand siden 2009 er Martin Norden.

Eksterne links
 Hakoahs hjemmeside

Sportsklubber i København
Jødedom i Danmark
Brydning
Etableret i 1924

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Q: Default iOS apps url schemes call problem I'm trying to check which default apps are installed on users phone.
I add to LSApplicationQueriesSchemes array strings with apps schemes names (for example "calc" for calculator), then I use this function to check:
func isAppInstalled(_ appName:String) -> Bool{

    let appScheme = "\(appName)://app"
    let appUrl = URL(string: appScheme)

    if UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(appUrl! as URL){
        return true
    } else {
        return false
    }

}

and use it like
let result = isAppInstalled("calc")

but receive this error in console

-canOpenURL: failed for URL: "calc://app" - error: "The operation couldn't be completed. (OSStatus error -10814.)"

which mean app is not installed. This code work for appstore app, books, apple tv, facetime, messages etc but not working with calculator, time app, compass, contacts, tips.
What is wrong with my code? Or maybe Apple changed this apps schemes? Tested on iOS 14 device.

A:
This code work for appstore app, books, apple tv, facetime, messages etc but not working with calculator, time app, compass, contacts, tips.

From the -canOpenURL: docs:

...you must declare the URL schemes you pass to this method by adding the LSApplicationQueriesSchemes key to your app's Info.plist file. This method always returns false for undeclared schemes, whether or not an appropriate app is installed.

So, one possibility is that you haven't declared the failing apps in your Info.plist.
Also, Apple has long prevented apps from trying to query the device for too many installed apps because doing so is a sign that you're trying to create a "fingerprint" to track the device, or otherwise learn more than you should about the user, so your failures may simply be a matter of exceeding the current limit on calls to canOpenURL: with distinct URLs.

A: This apps urls are not public, so you can't use them for opening this default apps from your own app and you can't check them with UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL


Hey everyone… the NYC Feminist Zinefest was lucky enough to have a star photographer, Natty Koper of Bangarang Art! Check out their website – Bangarang Art – and the amazing photos below!
Next Next post: More photos….!


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Remembering Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr.
The Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., was a preacher at Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama and at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, Georgia
Millions of people around the globe are remembering the legacy of the late Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr., today. Referred to most often as a legendary civil rights activist, the Reverend was, at his core, a Baptist preacher. After graduating from Booker T. Washington High School at the ripe young age of 15, he went to Morehouse Bible College and gave his first sermon at 18. He then went on to get his doctorate of theology at Boston University, and became a preacher at Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1953.
He gave many action-oriented sermons calling for equal rights for all civilians in the South, and put his faith in action by leading and coordinating numerous marches for equality, including the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1954. In 1960, he joined forces with his father in Atlanta in the pulpit of Ebenezer Baptist Church, continued to coordinate speeches and freedom marches, and delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech in Washington, D. C. in 1963. Shortly after that speech, he was selected as TIME Magazine's Man of the Year. Then he became the youngest person to ever win the Nobel Peace Prize, at age 35, in 1964.
For all of these worldly recognitions, however, the Reverend always found his identity first and foremost in Jesus Christ. In the opening remarks of a sermon he delivered at Chicago's Orchestra Hall in 1961, he clarifies his sense of vocation like this:
"Before I was a civil rights leader, I was a preacher of the gospel. This was my first calling and it still remains my greatest commitment. You know, actually all that I do in civil rights I do because I consider it a part of my ministry. I have no other ambitions in life but to achieve excellence in the Christian ministry. I don't plan to run for any political office. I don't plan to do anything but remain a preacher."
Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., was shot at the age of 39. Before this fateful day, he had been arrested over 20 times and physically assaulted four times. He had delivered countless sermons and speeches to millions of people: some were captured on film, most on audio recorders, and others in text alone. As a result, his legacy and words live on today, and I'll always remember my family trip to Memphis when we visited the hotel where he was shot – standing on the balcony where he stood when the bullet struck him is not a moment I'll soon forget. I was only 13, and hadn't yet connected the dots between his fervent faith and civil rights activism, but I recognize it now.
His life was a testament to the freedom and fearlessness promised to God's followers in the Bible, and the way he lived out his faith in thought, word, AND deed is one of the most inspiring testimonies I've encountered in my life. He was an action-oriented pastor who put his faith into practice outside the walls of his sanctuary – without his vision AND action, where would we be today? It makes me thankful for the pastors in the world who are following in King's footsteps and instigating a call to action in their local communities (i.e., Atlanta pastor Louie Giglio and the "End It Movement" instigated at this year's Passion Conference to end human trafficking worldwide – just one example of modern-day-action-oriented church service).
Here are some memorable and inspiring quotes and verses from the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. May his faith be an encouragement to Christians everywhere:
"Faith by itself, if it is not accompanied by action, is dead." -James 2:17-
Published January 21, 2013 By A Daily Miracle
Categorized as Daily Miracles, Profile, Truth Bomb
Is the Holy Spirit a Fair Trade for Jesus?
Is There Hope for the Gay Undergrad?


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George Conway: Congress Has 'Constitutional Duty' to Remove 'Cancer' Trump
Joshua Caplan
Attorney George Conway, husband of White House aide Kellyanne Conway, called on Congress to remove President Donald Trump from office following the Thursday release of special counsel Robert Mueller's report.
"What the Mueller report disturbingly shows, with crystal clarity, is that today there is a cancer in the presidency: President Donald J. Trump," Conway wrote in a Washington Post opinion-editorial. "Congress now bears the solemn constitutional duty to excise that cancer without delay."
The frequent Trump critic went on to argue that Mueller's findings lay out how the president committed wrongdoing disqualifying him from the presidency.
"The investigation that Trump tried to interfere with here, to protect his own personal interests, was in significant part an investigation of how a hostile foreign power interfered with our democracy," wrote Conway. "If that's not putting personal interests above a presidential duty to the nation, nothing is."
Conway's op-ed comes after progressive Democrat Reps. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY) and Al Green (D-TX) reaffirmed their support for bringing impeachment proceedings against President Trump. The former said Thursday that she will sign a resolution by fellow freshman Rep. Rashida Tlaib (D-MI) that calls for the House Judiciary Committee to investigate whether the president committed impeachable offenses.
"Mueller's report is clear in pointing to Congress' responsibility in investigating obstruction of justice by the President," Ocasio-Cortez tweeted. "It is our job as outlined in Article 1, Sec 2, Clause 5 of the US Constitution," added the self-declared Democratic Socialist. "As such, I'll be signing onto @RashidaTlaib's impeachment resolution."
The Justice Department on Thursday released a redacted version of the Mueller report that cleared the Trump campaign and Russia of collusion during the 2016 presidential election.
Conway, once under consideration to be a top DOJ official, has emerged as one of the president's most outspoken critics on Twitter. A litigator for the New York City-based law firm Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz, Conway has authored several op-eds arguing against some of President Trump's actions, including the appointment of Matthew Whitaker as Acting Attorney General, which he called both "illegal" and "unconstitutional."
In recent weeks, Conway has repeatedly questioned whether the president possesses the mental facilities for the White House.
President Trump has dismissed Conway's harsh criticisms as a means to attract "publicity for himself," once referring to him as "a husband from hell."
PoliticsAl GreenAlexandria Ocasio-CortezDemocratic SocialistDonald TrumpGeorge ConwayimpeachmentKellyanne ConwayMatthew WhitakerRashida TlaibRobert Mueller


In the last months I reviewed several apps that rewards you to download and test others apps. And today I'll review another one called "Appnana". Like other similar sites, the idea of Appnana is that you'll download and try new apps and you'll earn points (they call nanas).
And as you earn points or nanas, you can exchange them for countless gift cards from Amazon, Ebay, Startbucks and the list goes on. You also can exchange your nanas for paid apps. So depending of your point of view Appnana could be a good way to save money or to purchase stuff for "free".
Becauce this program is very popular many people are looking for hacks, codes, cheats or for an appnana sync tool to earn points very easily.
So is there are an Appnana hack or bot that really works with this site?
Read my AppNana review below and discover if threre's a hack tool or trick working for this site.
Download and install AppNana: AppNana is only available for Android or iOS, it's not a desktop app, if you still haven't it installed, click here to download it.
Register your account: after it's installed, you just need to quickly register your account with your email and password.
Start downloading and trying apps: As soons as you joined, you can start earning nanas (points) by downloading and using apps. You'll be presented with a list of all available apps and how much nanas you can earn. Choose those apps you want to use, download them and use for some minutes and you'll be credited.
Exchange your earned Nanas for gift cards, prizes and cash: at the moment you earned a good amount of nanas, you can exchange them for countless gift cards from famous brands, prizes and if you think that real cash it better, you can convert them into money and receive via paypal.
What kind of Apps are available to download and try?
After that you logged into AppNana, you'll see a list with a bunch of different apps. You'll see the name of the app, how many nanas you can earn and exactly what you need to do to receive your points (nanas).
There are games, tools and every type of app that you can imagine. However people from different locations will see different apps and offers available. Usually people from Usa, Canada and Uk are the ones with the best apps.
However every app has different requirements to get nanas credited in your account. While at some apps you just need to install and test for some moments, others will require that you open and use for few days.
Obviously, apps with higher requirements has better rewards.
How much money can you earn with AppNana?
There are several ways to receive your payment, as said before, you can exchange your "Nanas" for many gift cards available from brands like Amazon, Ebay, iTunes, Xbox, Facebook, Steam and if you prefer cash, you can cashout via Paypal or Bitcoin.
Every gift card has different value, so it's hard to say how many Nanas you need to earn specific amount of money.
But as an example, to get a $1.00 Amazon gift card, you need 30,000 Nanas and for a $2.00 paypal payment, you need 45,000 nanas.
It seems impossible to earn so many points, but most of apps will pay you anywhere from 1,000 to 15,000 points or nanas, so it's not difficult as it seems.
Is AppNana scam or legit?
AppNana is not scam, it's a great app to earn some extra cash in your spare time and I like their payment options and apps available to download.
However this is not the type of "business" where you can earn a lot of money. You can earn only few bucks per day or if you take it serious and use some tricks explained below, maybe you'll make $10 – 30 per day.
If you imagined that I would share a appnana keyword hack or cheat, you'll be disappointed. You can easily find many websites offering several types of AppNana hacks, bots, Appnana points generators, mod apks and a bunch more of code hacks or cheats.
I don't recommend using any Appnana bot hack for two reasons: first because these tricks and hacks always don't work (unless that you found a glitch in their system). And second because if you find a hack or cheat working, you have a big risk of being banned.
Plus the fact that you'll just waste your time. Almost all those Appnana Hacks will ask you to pass by a "human verification" to prove that you are not a bot. So you'll not get access to their appnana hack without human verification, so with no verification, you can't download their magical hack.
Recently (just to test) I found some Appnana hack tools on weebly and tried to download them. I got surprised because to unlock these tools I need to answer a survey and this process happens on all sites promiging ways to hack or cheat Appnana. There are no Appnana hacks generators with no surveys or downloads.
Another cheat that I found is one where you need to use an appnana vpn trick to "play" with the system, so you can possibly find a glitch, and earn 99999 nanas, but it's also useless and you can be banned.
If you want to earn unlimited Appnana nanas, the best way is by referring new users to join this site.
For every new person that you refer you earn 2,500 nanas. You just need to pick you referral code and invite new people to join using this code.
If you are able to refer a lot of people, you can earn a good amount of money and rewards, with no doubts this is the best AppNana hack for now in 2018.


Jackal is a run-and-gun, or drive-and-shoot as the case may be, game based on the arcade game. You drive a Jeep decked out with a machine gun and grenade launcher through enemy territory rescuing hostages. Two people can play simultaneously.
Jackal was given a new name for the Japanese release. It is called ファイナルコマンド 赤い要塞 (Final Command: Akai Yosai), translation, Final Command: The Red Fortress.
This page was last modified on 21 April 2016, at 15:59.


text:
H. E. Talal Al RahbiStrategic Advisor
His Excellency Talal Al Rahbi has spent all his working life in public service, starting his career at Oman's elected lower house of parliament (A'Shura Council), before returning to the US to complete his MPA in Public Policy and Management from at University of Oregon.
Earlier he earned his Bachelor degree in Economics from the University of Louisiana. After completing his MPA studies and gaining valuable experience at the local government level in Lane County OR, Talal returned to Oman and went on to become a key figure in developing Oman's Information Technology for the digital age, at a newly-formed national Information Technology Authority. Between 2010 and 2013, Oman rose ten places in the international Network Readiness Index.
In February of 2013, Talal was appointed by Royal Decree as Deputy Secretary General to the Supreme Council for Planning – a cabinet council chaired by His Majesty the Sultan of Oman – that shapes Oman's economic planning and prioritizes the entire country's capital budgets. Talal was decorated by HM Sultan Qaboos with the Civil Order of Oman in 2015.
In 2016, Talal managed the inception of a five year program for national economic diversification, under the banner "Tanfeedh", or "implementation". Based on Malaysia's "Big Fast Results" methodology, the project brought together stakeholders from the public, private, academic and voluntary sectors to create accelerated change in priority economic areas. These intensive working groups have created over 120 initiatives with the aim of creating over $38 billion in total investments over the next four years.
Among many board and representative positions, Talal currently serves as Chairman of a new Oman Technology Fund, Deputy Chairman of the Public Authority for SME Development, and board member of the Oman Rail Company, Public Authority for Electricity and Water, Public Authority for Craft Industries, and member of Oman Vision 2040 Committee. He also served as First Deputy Chairman of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2010-2013).
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text:
The Consummate Driver
When someone is described as a "driver" it has implications that go well beyond just operating a car, it means the person is a connoisseur, and enjoys the feel of a car and appreciates the skills required to push it to the limits. This blog is for those people who love cars that are capable in the corners, challenging, and fun.
Review: 2011 Honda CR-Z
It has been about 14 years since Toyota unleashed the Prius on the world. From the motorsports crowd it garnered a nod for innovation but also instilled a little fear since hybrid cars seemed to foreshadow the eventual doom of car racing as we know it. I am sure many were imagining a world where little electric cars whirred by so quietly the crowds could drown out the sound with their own collective breathing. Perhaps that future may still await us, but there is another chapter to be told that will be belted out in the raucous breath of fossil fuels and I think the opening line is the humble little CR-Z
It really is the first affordable sport hybrid. When I first saw it at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit, Porsche was releasing the 918 which is a super hybrid that only costs $845,000. That is expensive even by super car standards. These aren't the first two sports hybrids. Over the last couple years and in various racing series, a few hybrid race cars have been fielded, including the Kinetic Energy Regeneration System (KERS) employed in Formula 1. Like the hybrid technology found in regular road going cars, the KERS system is charged by capturing some of the energy that would be lost during braking. This hybrid technology adds a little spice into F1 since the driver now has a "turbo" button that he could press to give him 80 extra horses for up to 6 seconds per lap. Of course the system adds weight, it's tricky to tune without throwing off the brake balance, and there have been reliability issues. Now that F1 is in the second season of implementation after taking one season off in 2010, many of the teams have worked out the bugs and it will become more refined as time goes on. What I find most fascinating about the CR-Z is that Honda was able to bottle what is essentially the same technology, and sell it for less than $20,000 USD.
I am not saying this car is a monster on the street; far from it. The little 1.5L engine puts out a whooping 112hp with 107lbs of torque with a manual tranny; one more of each over the CVT. However, this is combined with an integrated electric motor that kicks in when you are accelerating to give you an additional 14 horses and 58 lbs of torque at 1000-1500 rpms. Which means the little bugger is quite peppy!
This car really is the grandson of the CRX; it's a two seater economy car that is really only a sports car in that it's light enough to seem fast with that tiny engine, and has the stance and look of a sporty car. What is really nice is how the whole drive train is packaged. The batteries aren't huge since they aren't intended to power the car on their own, so they don't add to much weight. The electric motor is about the size of a pizza and is sandwiched between the engine and trans. When the car knows you are accelerating, the electric motor kicks in to help the engine like a mini supercharger. Honda has dubbed their hybrid system the Integrated Motor Assist (IMS) and was already employed in the Insight. The most amazing part of the car is it offers us a glimpse of the future. Take a moment and imagine this technology scaled up into a true track thrasher. A Civic SI with 200hp from a 2.0L engine coupled with the IMS that improves gas mileage, and gives the car significant torque off the line. Or instead, what if this was implemented into the anticipated Toyobaru where 250+ hp wouldn't be overly ambitious for a RWD car as it might be for the FWD Civic. That car would be a real monster.
Well, enough of this envisioning what this car promises for the future; what is the car like? I will keep is pretty short, since I have spent enough time talking about how this car is the pivot point for a new chapter in motorsports.
I like. It makes a nifty commuter, and if I was looking to buy another daily driver, it would be in the top 5 cars I would consider because it is pretty fun to drive. It gets pretty good gas mileage; 35 city, 39 highway. The six speed manual tranny is smooth and easy to use, though the gears are pretty tightly packed. The seats are comfortable and I really liked how the dash was laid out. My only critique of the interior is that the air conditioning knob was exactly where I expected the volume for the stereo to be. Every time I tried to change the volume, I adjusted the air conditioning fan speed. As you would expect, everything was plastic, but seemed solidly built.
It has all the standard features you would expect in a car built for the MP3 generation. A small cubby hole in the center console has a USB cable to plug in a thumb drive loaded with music. There is also an auxiliary input jack on the face of the stereo. In the standard model there is a 160 watt stereo, which can be upgraded to 360 watts in the EX car.
Taking a queue from some fancier cars, the CR-Z has three driving modes; Sport, Normal, and Econ. In sport mode the throttle response is sharpened, the steering is tightened up, and the electric motor is used more aggressively. Even in this mode with the manual transmission, if you come to a stop and you are in neutral, the engine will turn off until you up it into gear. Then the electric motor kicks the engine back on.
When in Econ mode, and driving the manual, the car will reduce the use of accessories and use the electric motor to maximize efficiency. However, with the CVT tranny, the car will shift sooner to keep the rpms low and therefore the gas consumption low as well. You will get better fuel economy with the CVT than you would in the manual but I think the manual would be more fun to drive. So if you are just driving to work, then you run in Econ mode. You decide you want to race a Civic off the line at a light, then hit the Sport button; which you can do on the fly.
Many complain about the visibility, and it has two main blind spots. Looking out the back of the car, the hatch frame blocks much of the view and the c-pillars are so wide that there is a bit of a blind spot in the rear quarters. Yeah, those are annoying, but I think you would get used to it. For me, there is one major drawback and really makes me hesitate to buy one; the safety rating for this car is only 3 stars for front and side impact. Yeah, in rollovers it is rated at 5 stars, but considering that if I did buy this car it would primarily be a commuter car and perhaps secondly an autoX'er. I am more worried about hitting other idiots on the road or them hitting me than I am about rolling over. So I would feel a bit better if Honda put 50-100 pounds of steel in the car to reinforce the body and perhaps bump its safety rating to 4 or 5.
This car would be slotted into the "fun but not terribly fast" category; even with 122 combined horses of the combustion and electric motor working in unison. Sure the car is peppy, but it goes from 0-60 at the same pace as my girlfriend's Fit. Even it if isn't really faster than a Fit, the suspension and chassis are MUCH MUCH better. The CR-Z 5" shorter, 2" wider and has a lot better road feel especially with the bucket seats that come standard. Its track credibility is enhanced by the 4 wheel disc brakes, but I almost wonder if they are necessary. With a 58.8 to 41.2 weight distribution, I don't know how much stopping the rear wheels will be doing when the car leans forward under hard braking.
Overall I would be happy to own the car, but given the abundance of large trucks on the American roads, I would be a little worried about getting tagged by some wayward driver. It would probably be a fun autoX'er and it gets good gas mileage but I would doubt that it would make a fun track car for the intermediate or experienced driver. However, I do like that it gives us a preview of what affordable sporty hybrids will look like in the near future.
Hp: 122hp combined
Weight Disp: 58.8/41.2
Weight (lbs, MT/CVT): 2637/2690
Posted by Matthew Eddy at 7:15 PM
Labels: auto, automotive, cr-z, crz, honda, hpde, hybrid, review, track
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My name is Matthew Eddy and I live in the suburbs of the Motor City, USA. Besides always being a car lover, it was recently that I started to participate in auto events such as autoX, track days and 24 Hours of Lemons races.
My current track car is 91 Toyota MR2 in which I have just recently swapped a 3.0L V6 from a Lexus ES300. I haven't had a chance to take it to the track yet, but I hope to have it out at a few autoX events and a track day in the next few months. My plans are to compete in NASA Time Trials and Performance Touring races.
In Lemons races I drive a '96 Neon, commonly known as "Legs" for the mannequin legged rear spoiler. This year the team has placed 13th in the Fight to Prevent Gingervitis race, we are going to the Chump Car 24hrs at VIR and the Lemons Autobahn event in October.


ST. LOUIS, Mo. – June 13, 2005 – Hardee's, widely known for bringing sit-down restaurant quality burgers to fast-food customers, introduces yet another example today with the launch of The Spicy BBQ Thickburger, topped with Tabasco-spiked BBQ sauce and Texas Toothpicks. Texas Toothpicks are spicy batter-fried slivers of onions and jalapeñs. They add heat and a nice crunch to The Spicy BBQ Thickburger, and will also be offered as a side item on their own.
Hardee's Spicy BBQ Thickburger will be advertised with a spicy TV commercial starring celebrity-socialite Paris Hilton. The commercial, featuring Paris washing a Bentley in a swimsuit, will begin airing in Hardee's markets the week of June 27 – and, just like the latest Thickburger, it's "hot."


text:
module JsonHelper
  def resolve_json_path(json, template)
    if template.start_with?("$") then
      JsonPath.on(json, template)
    else
      paths = template.scan(/(\{(.*?)\})/).uniq
      return template if paths.empty?
      combinations = paths.map { |path| {path[0] => JsonPath.on(json, path[1])} }.reduce(&:merge)

      combinations = combinations.values[0].product(*combinations.values[1..-1]).map{ |x| Hash[combinations.keys.zip(x)] }

      combinations.map do |c|
        t = template+''
        c.keys.each do |key|
          t.gsub!(key, c[key])
        end
        t
      end
    end
  end

  def valid_json?(json)
    begin
      JSON.parse(json)
      return true
    rescue Exception => e
      return false
    end
  end
end


text:
De beira of beiradwergantilope (Dorcatragus megalotis) is een dwergantilope uit de Hoorn van Afrika. Het is de enige soort uit het geslacht Dorcatragus.

Beschrijving
De beira is een kleine antilope, groter dan de meeste andere dwergantilopen, met lange, slanke poten, een lange nek en zeer grote oren. Enkel het mannetje draagt hoorntjes. Deze staan recht omhoog, licht naar voren gebogen, en zijn 7,5 tot 13 cm lang. De achterpoten zijn veel langer dan de voorpoten, waardoor de achterzijde hoger is dan de schoft. De hoeven hebben in het midden verende, rubberachtige kussens. Aan de achterpoten zijn deze afgerond. De staart is lang en wit. De beira is de enige dwergantilope zonder een klier voor het oog.

De vacht is ruw en dik. Op de rug en nek is deze grijs van kleur, gespikkeld op de rug en flanken. Dit gaat over in een brede, donkergrijze streep die loopt van de elleboog tot de dij. De keel, onderzijde en de binnenkant van de ledematen zijn roomkleurig geel, de buitenzijde van de ledematen en de wangen zijn okergeel. Het voorhoofd en de snuit zijn bedekt met een korte, roodgele vacht. De ogen vallen op door de zwarte oogleden, omringd door een witte oogvlek.

De kop-romplengte is 76 tot 87 cm, de staartlengte 5 tot 20 cm en de schouderhoogte 50 tot 76 cm. Het lichaamsgewicht is 9 tot 12 kg. Het vrouwtje is groter dan het mannetje.

Verspreiding en leefgebied
De beira leeft in de droge, rotsachtige heuvels en bergen van Noord-Somalië en aangrenzend Ethiopië, grenzend aan de Rode Zee en de Golf van Aden. Hij komt voornamelijk voor op puinhellingen, bergengten en randen van plateaus, het liefst met fijne en losse steenslag. Deze hellingen zijn her en der begroeid met laag struikgewas als Buxus en vlinderbloemachtigen en succulenten als Aloë, Euphorbia, Sansevieria, en Crotalaria. Deze heuvels grenzen vaak aan grasvelden.

Op deze moeilijk begaanbare plaatsen kan een beira snel wegkomen aan mogelijke roofdieren. Dankzij de speciale hoeven met de rubberachtige kussentjes, die houvast geven aan de rotsige ondergrond, kan hij op moeilijk toegankelijk terrein lopen en zich snel uit de voeten maken. Hij is zeer schichtig en vlucht bij iedere beweging. Met de grote oren kan ze het zachtste geluid opvangen.

Het ontbreken van duidelijk herkenbare punten in het open landschap heeft ervoor gezorgd dat het territorium nauwelijks actief wordt afgebakend. De bij de andere dwergantilopen aanwezige oogklieren, gespecialiseerd voor dit doel, ontbreken bij de beira. Het aantal geurklieren is bij de beira teruggebracht tot slechts één, tussen de hoeven.

Leefwijze
De beira leeft voornamelijk van vetplanten en de groene blaadjes van struiken, maar ook van de kleine grassen en kruiden die tussen de kiezels groeien. Hij drinkt nauwelijks en haalt het grootste deel van het vocht uit zijn voedsel. De beira is een dagdier, die zich voornamelijk 's ochtends en 's avonds voedt.

Hij leeft meestal in paartjes of in kleine groepjes van vijf tot zeven dieren, waaronder een enkel mannetje. Een groep beira's is meestal zeer verbonden aan een helling of plateau. Soms voegen twee buurgroepen zich tijdelijk samen, en vormen zo groepen van maximaal twaalf dieren, waaronder soms zelfs twee mannetjes. Deze samenscholingen worden echter zeer zelden gezien.

Over de voortplanting is weinig bekend. De beira krijgt één jong per worp. Geboortes zijn enkel waargenomen in april, als de regentijd op zijn hoogtepunt is. De draagtijd wordt geschat op zes maanden.

Bedreiging
De ongecontroleerde jacht, een klein verspreidingsgebied en concurrentie met geiten heeft ervoor gezorgd dat de soort kwetsbaar is geworden voor uitsterven. Vooral een zware droogte in 1975 heeft de populatie drastisch doen dalen. Hiervan is de soort langzaam aan het herstellen. De soort weet nog te overleven door zijn specialisatie in zeer lastig toegankelijk terrein.

De beira wordt nauwelijks in gevangenschap gehouden. Enkel in een privécollectie in Al Wabra, Qatar bevindt zich een fokgroep.

Dier uit het Afrotropisch gebied
Holhoornigen
IUCN-status kwetsbaar


RBS deployments are configured by passing key/value pairs from the application or database administrator to RBS. Each key/value pair specifies a setting to configure and a new value for that setting. Each value must have one of six different data types, listed below.
A String representation of the Duration. Durations may be encoded as "days [number]" or "time hh:mm:ss".
Specifies a version number in the "aa.bb.cc.dd" format, where aa, bb, cc and dd are 16-bit integers.
The current RBS configuration can be seen using the mssqlrbs.rbs_config view. You can modify it by using the mssqlrbs.rbs_sp_set_config_value stored procedure, specifying the key name and a string representation of the new key value as parameters.
The following table lists the names, descriptions, and formats of all configurable RBS settings.
Specifies the name of BLOB store that will be used use if no default for collection is specified and no store is specified at runtime, must be a name of existing blob store. No default value is defined.
No application using a version of RBS lower than the value specified by this key will be allowed to work with this database. The default value is 10.0.0.0.
Determines whether xact_abort should be set for RBS stored procedures. The default value is false.
Determines whether RBS should trust the server certificate for creating an encrypted connection to download BLOB store credentials. The default value is false.
Determines whether the BlobId for new BLOBs must be formatted for SQL Server 2008. The default value is false.
Determines whether optimization of the orphan cleanup phase of garbage collection is disabled. This optimization can provide better garbage collection task granularity, but can also cause compatibility issues for the SQL Server 2008 version of the RBS Maintainer. The default value is false.
Specifies the number of BLOBs in a single work unit for the reference scan phase of garbage collection. This setting can be used to control task granularity. The default value is 100000.
Specifies the number of BLOBs that can be checked in a single transaction for the reference scan garbage collection phase. This value can be used to control the tradeoff between the overhead of creating and committing transactions and number of locks held. The default value is 1000.
Specifies the number of BLOBs that can be checked in a single transaction for the orphan cleanup garbage collection phase. This value can be used to control the tradeoff between the overhead of creating and committing transactions and number of locks held. The default value is 1000.
Specifies the number of BLOBs that can be checked in a single transaction for the delete propagation garbage collection phase. This value can be used to control the tradeoff between the overhead of creating and committing transactions and number of locks held. The default value is 1000.
Specifies the number of BLOBs to enumerate in a single call to the BLOB store for orphan cleanup. The default value is 1000.
Specifies the number of consistency issues of a single type that can be found before further checks will be cancelled. The default value is 1000.
Specifies the maximum number of consistency issues that will be reported by the maintainer. The default value is 100.
Specifies the minimum amount of time that must pass between two reference scan garbage collection runs. The default value is 30 days.
Specifies the minimum amount of time that must pass between two orphan cleanup garbage collection runs. The default value is 30 days.
Specifies the minimum time that must pass between identifying a blob as having no references in the database and deleting the blob from the store. This guarantees the availability of BLOBs for the specified time in case a backup is restored. The default value is 30 days.
Specifies the length of a time in a single orphan cleanup phase garbage collection work unit. A value of 0 means that a single garbage collection slice should cover the entire duration of the cleanup, without dividing it into smaller pieces. This setting is ignored if disable_pool_slicing is set to true. The default value is 7 days.
When the RBS Client Library finds evidence of possible errors in the database configuration it determines whether the configuration has been changed recently, and will force a configuration refresh on the client if necessary. However, in some cases of transient failures these checks may result in a high burden for the database. This option may place a limit of frequency of these checks to avoid it. The default value is 00:00:00, meaning that the check will be performed every time a database configuration error is detected.
All public RBS views, stored procedures and functions are part of the mssqlrbs RBS schema. The RBS auxiliary tables are configured so that they are not accessible to users directly and can only be accessed using views and stored procedures.
The following roles are created to use RBS functionality. Users can be assigned to these roles to be able to run RBS applications.
db_rbsreader: Can read RBS blob data, cannot insert new blobs or remove references to existing blobs.
db_rbswriter: Can read RBS blobs, insert new RBS blobs and remove references to existing RBS blobs. Can change collection configuration.
db_rbsadmin: Can change RBS configuration for the whole database and for BLOB stores. Can access views exposed for administrative purposes.


text:
Maine Law Review
Home > JOURNALS > MLR > Vol. 67 > No. 1 (2014)
Inconvenient Truths: Facts and Frictions in Defense of Guardians Ad Litem for Children
Dana E. Prescott
During the 2013 Maine legislative session, citizens, elected officials, and professionals passionately expressed their beliefs concerning the legitimacy and efficacy of guardian ad litem [GAL] appointments in private child custody cases. In many respects, this policy discussion mirrored national trends in the scholarly and social science literature concerning allegations of the overuse or capacious role of a GAL. Establishing the proper legal and scientific contours within which GALs may serve the best interests of children and simultaneously provide constructive investigative and evidence-informed recommendations to judicial fact finding remains a proper concern for proponents and critics alike. The challenge, in this era of emotion and visceral responses to even the most sincere disputes, is how to engage in meaningful policy, practice, and legislative changes which effectively and responsibly serve the complex needs of modern family systems. The specific or precise role of a GAL differs from state to state but the general definition is a "person, not necessarily a lawyer, who in a litigated matter stands in the place of a party deemed legally incompetent" with the specific authority to act within a peculiar combination of a court's delegation under the applicable law of that jurisdiction. For the most part, this role is a gyrating function of advocate, educator, evaluator, mediator, investigator, expert witness, social science consumer, and recommender. As one scholar aptly summarized, GALs perform widely diverse and concurrent tasks when assisting the court, and when "resolving custody disputes, visitation schedules, temporary placements, or other matters, legal and ethical issue arise in everyday GAL practices that have important implications for all parties involved." The need for judges to delegate flexible and diverse authority to GALs occurs because: (1) a family court judge cannot ethically perform certain functions in the American judicial system such as home visits and ex parte communications and (2) each family system presents unique social and environmental histories. Both these factors require an archeological approach to digging out some semblance of factual reality, which, if done properly, connects to recommended interventions. From those relatively simple truths of civics and human nature, a key point is inadvertently—or conveniently—missed: a trial judge, sitting on the bench each day with dozens of files containing little more than vague identities and undulating allegations, may only presume the most basic biopsychological context for child custody conflict.
Dana E. Prescott, Inconvenient Truths: Facts and Frictions in Defense of Guardians Ad Litem for Children, 67 Me. L. Rev. 43 (2014).
Available at: https://digitalcommons.mainelaw.maine.edu/mlr/vol67/iss1/4
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