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Home > architosh INSIDER, Features > Special – Mar 30, 2020 9:11 pm
Anthony Frausto-Robledo, AIA, NCARB, LEED AP
DO YOU HAVE INDUSTRY EXPERTISE? If you have been in the AECO (architecture, engineering, construction, operations) industry long enough, the answer is "yes." Yet, you may not realize you have more expertise that is convertible to computational design methods than you understand.
Naturally, you may wonder how? How does this expertise get formalized into a digital tool that you can use, that others can use, particularly one that is optimized at multiple levels of use, deployment, speed, and power?
This is where Hypar comes in. The company is setting up an AAD (algorithms-aided design) platform and ecosystem that aims to help AECO companies unlock, democratize, and deploy their expertise—at scale! These companies range from architecture and engineering firms, real estate and development professionals, to folks on the manufacturing and design-to-fabrication side of the industry. No matter where you sit in the industry, you have "pain points" that your side of the industry has been living with since you entered it. Who in the industry doesn't wish to change that?
We see a lot of organizations trying to normalize and distribute their expertise within their orgs…a lot of times the vehicle is simply Excel.
Well, it turns out many do. And folks are tapping the power of computational design tools, or AAD tools, to transform their workflows and solve age-old problems at multiple factors faster than previous methods or embed their hard-won specialized expertise, often enshrined in Excel spreadsheets, into 3D visuals and KPI's they often hold close to their chest.
Hypar's Mission
Hypar's founders believe that after 5000 years of building the world, no AECO project should start from a blank page. With that in mind, they have created a web-based platform for generating buildings using encoded expertise in the form of algorithms-aided design (AAD) functions. You may ask: who is providing the basic functions?
A view of the latest Hypar user-interface where users have access to common functions provided as part of the base system, plus all the AAD functions they uploaded themselves and shared by other users.
The Hypar development team wrote a core group of functions called "common" functions. All other functions are written by developers who are "users" of the Hypar platform. Basic functions in the common set include things like fitting a building to a given site context, determining that building's shell and core design, and essential facade generator tools and more.
So far, industry reaction to Hypar has been measured yet excited. This makes sense; AAD tools in the AEC industry are still adopted by architecture firms in the single-digit percentages of all practices. Still, reaction at Autodesk University, where Architosh last saw Hypar, was very solid with many curious to understand what this cool-sounding company was all about.
How Hypar Works
So how exactly does Hypar work?
First and foremost, this is a system for distributed (SaaS-based) computational design. It means through the web browser folks can solve problems—a whole array of them—through the Hypar platform and ecosystem of solutions.
Hypar functions are highly specific, atomic to the overall processes of AECO workflows, and able to interlock into sequences of other functions to build up functional solution paths.
Hypar's AAD-based functions come in three classes. The "common functions" are available to all monthly subscribers. Think about the new Disney+ video service where you get all the Disney classics as part of your set monthly subscription. Same idea. These common functions are supplied by Hypar and by any other "contributors" who choose to make their functions available to all Hypar subscribers.
Another class of functions is "your functions," the ones your company has crafted exclusively for their use but distributed through the Hypar platform. These functions could be developed by in-house developers, external developers, or the Hypar development team, but they encapsulate your expertise reignited through new computational design tools.
Finally, the third class of functions is "those written by software firms" who have chosen Hypar as a pathway to market. "We have had several software development companies talking to us," says Anthony Hauck, "for a while folks like TestFit have experimented with the platform, just to find out what it would be like to put their building shell generator on Hypar."
Hypar has free developer tools to aid in bringing over encoded expertise into the Hypar platform and ecosystem. Currently, the system supports just C# but is planning to expand to Python, Grasshopper, Dynamo, Excel, and Revit families.
Hauck has said, Hypar is one approach to the market. "Hypar isn't just for people who want to put together lists of functions and make something from them, or even just for people who want to write functions from scratch, but also for software companies interested in going to the Web on a very easy path." For that, Hypar has its own set of free development tools, so developers and scripters of AAD solutions can get started quite easily.
But Why Hypar?
There are many arguments for the Hypar proposition, but here is one that may make the most sense to the largest group of AECO users if they could stop being so overcautious about it: deploy one's expertise by encoding it into "computational design" and decision support tools.
"We see a lot of organizations trying to normalize and distribute their expertise internally," says Hauck, "a lot of times the vehicle is simply Excel. One or two experts will record that expertise in a spreadsheet, and they will distribute it by either sending a link to it on the network or by email—and you can imagine the update nightmare that attends that procedure—but that's what they do."
A view looking at structural functions inside of Hypar.
Real estate development professionals, in particular, have decades of proprietary expertise, often localized to various markets or client group types. While the numbers help them with key decision support, there is often zero graphical representation 2D or 3D that attends this data. This is a natural shortcoming of that is easily fixable, says Hauck. There are already specific AAD tools sprouting up that address the pre-design stages of the building industry. Still, those tools don't necessarily allow professionals and companies to encode their specific expertise in a way that keeps that expertise private. Hauck says that Hypar never gets any source code at all. "If someone shares a function to the Hypar platform, what we get is a compiled DLL."
As readers know, some AECO companies already have their computational design professionals creating bespoke tools. "I'm talking to an engineer about the use of our platform, and he says they are very good at engineering big box stores," says Hauck. "And what that means is they tie up a PE on a big box store that is nearly exactly the same as all the other big box stores they do, even if for multiple clients. So they are looking at how do they automate MEP design tasks so their PEs can free up time for more interesting and often more lucrative work?"
At Autodesk University 2019, there was a session on Hypar by an MEP firm that was using it for its engineering workflows. This is the type of firm that is tired of not doing anything about age-old pain points in existent AEC workflows and has finally decided to invest the time to do something about it.
Hypar's Ecosystem Argument
Hypar is both a platform and an ecosystem. One side of the Hypar equation is about using AAD-based functions as an end-user, solving your building industry problems. The other side is about uploading your AAD-based functions for distribution to others. "Others" can be your company colleagues, business partners, clients, or anybody else on the Hypar platform. The system is designed to encourage sharing.
"We have a structure that encourages openness among contributors," says Hauck. "If you want to expose your content to everyone who is a subscriber on Hypar, and you expose your code on Github, everything is free to you. Anywhere in between, you are paying for various degrees for privacy." Hauck and his co-founder Ian Keough haven't yet finalized their pricing model, but Hauck describes it has a mashup of Amazon Prime, plus Github, plus the Apple App Store.
An image looking at the Facade generator functions in the base core set. Hypar believes world-class architecture firms with AAD expertise will develop their own facade generators, as will manufactures, to help architects design to specific situations and systems.
If you are a big company that wants to use Hypar to distribute your encoded expertise in computational design—say to your global offices—but not expose your code on Github, the fee may be USD 10 per month to host five functions. And Hauck says it scales from there, but "things get cheaper if you share more." The goal is to get companies and individuals to share their functions, creating a vast ecosystem of targeted computational design tools for the benefit of the entire AECO community.
For software firms and others—like industry-leading three-letter architecture firms—who want to share their computational design expertise for a fee, Hypar is developing a financial model as well. "Suppose somebody comes up with a much better facade creator than the "common" function for that," adds Hauck, "if they want to charge a per-use or subscription fee for that, we will be supportive of that model also."
Hypar—Looking Forward
The Hypar vision is compelling as a democratized vision, but industry incumbents may be wary. Today computational design use currently resides in multiple leading AAD toolchains such as Rhino + Grasshopper, Bentley's Generative Components tied into OpenBuildings Designer, or Marionette tied in Vectorworks Architect, or Dynamo and its strong connection to Revit. Part of Hypar's challenge is not just competing with those tools but convincing those who already hold encoded expertise across those platforms to place their algorithmic-aided design (AAD) functions on Hypar, to bring them into the world as web services.
If you want to expose your content to everyone who is a subscriber on Hypar, and you expose your code on Github, everything is free to you.
To get there, Hypar needs to support more forms of encoded expertise. "We see in our industry, five or maybe six areas where repositories of building expertise reside," says Hauck. He is specifically talking about this expertise residing inside codes or scripts developed in different languages. They include in alphabetical order: C#, Dynamo, Excel, Grasshopper, Python, and Revit families. Hauck says, "We intend to make all of those a part of the Hypar ecosystem in the future."
For now, in the immediate roadmap, Excel contains a massive amount of encoded industry expertise, and Hauck says they intend to link Hypar to Excel in the very near future. By linking in Excel, Hypar can target a lot of expertise in the pre-design areas of the building industry, as well as a vast array of industry knowledge in building typology planning expertise.
As for the grand scale potential of industry expertise? Hauck says he is talking to a lot of CEOs and telling them that the market for that expertise is tremendous and that few folks can tap that expertise. The vast majority of architects do not have computational design capacities of any kind, nor do they realize how to use such tools for their problems. Yet, in most cases, they are sitting on expertise nonetheless.
Filed under: architosh INSIDER, Features, Special
Story tags: AAD (algorithms-aided design), AEC, AEC/O, Anthony Hauck, BIM, computational design, Hypar Platform, Premium


My heart is defently broke knowing that because of prior commitments i am unable to be there today, i know Marcie is looking down and saying don't cry for me, i have my miracle that she always longed for. My heart is there with you and you are all in my prayers in the coming days,weeks and months.
As a relative she was my cousin. In reality she was more like a sister. All through out both of our lives…she was my best friend. As again cancer has claimed another relative of mine. Now all we can do is accept the facts and say, she will suffer no more and, Marcie has gone to a much better place.
For those of you that knew Marcie I am sure there are many special moments that now enter your mind as you think of how glorious each day was that you had the pleasure of sharing her company. She was a very special person that always had a smile on her face accompanied by her cheerful laugh that would always make anyones day much better. For me its much more than that.
As first cousins we were close. We grew up together, played together, spent the night at each others house together and went to the same church. I can remember many things we did together, from when we were kids to present day. When we were young we read together or we did crafting together. " Memories, Thats what life's all about as we share them with the ones we love.
I can just picture Marcie running around in heaven as now she has new legs, no cancer and pain free, she wouldn't want us to be sad because she is gone, she told me she would get her miracle either here on earth or in heaven, it hurts to know she has left this world, but its exciting to know she has her Miracle, she waited her whole life for the day she could walk without her braces and her crutches.
Terri, I share your pain having recently lost one of my cousins. Hugs to you and your family.
I have a cousin who she & I grew up like sisters too. I know how much it hurts to lose someone close to you too. Wishing you lots of good thoughts, Terri and sending a hug too.
I am so sorry for your loss. It is great to keep those good memories as we should truly celebrate life and know she is with our Lord! You are strong and she will always be with you in spirit and in heart.


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Q: Tint color of UINavigationBar in UIPopoverController doesn't work The code:
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UINavigationController *navigationController = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:viewController];
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The tint color property of UINavigationBar doesn't work, it still has the default color.
What could I be doing wrong?

A: self.popoverController.popoverBackgroundViewClass = [MyCustomBackgroundView class];

@interface MyCustomBackgroundView : UIPopoverBackgroundView {
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A: As of iOS 5, popoverBackgroundViewClass is available which is the way to accomplish this.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Summary: Researchers have identified a link between paternally inherited variants in some noncoding segments of genes and an increased autism risk in subsequent offspring.
A new study has identified an association between paternally-inherited rare structural variants in noncoding segments of genes and the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The study, funded in part by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and published in Science, adds to a growing body of research describing genetic contributors to ASD.
ASD is a developmental disorder that affects communication and behavior. While the exact causes of ASD are unknown, researchers have identified a number of genes associated with the development of ASD. Many studies have focused on examining the inheritance of, or mutations in, portions of genes that code for the creation of proteins or other molecular products. But these new findings suggest that rare, inherited structural differences in the noncoding portions of genes also contribute to ASD.
The researchers examined the contribution of structural variants in noncoding regions of DNA called cis-regulatory elements (CRE-SVs) to ASD. These elements control the expression of genes. The researchers sequenced the genomes of 829 families, which included 880 individuals with ASD, 630 individuals without ASD, and their parents. Participants with genetic mutations that are already well-established risk factors for ASD were not included in this study. In this way, the researchers were able to focus on identifying noncoding inherited genetic variants that might be associated with ASD.
The researchers identified structural variations in coding and noncoding portions of DNA, and they examined the inheritance of these genetic elements from parents to their offspring. Their research revealed deletions in protein-coding areas of genes were transmitted more often from parents to offspring with autism than from parents to offspring without autism. They also found that CRE-SVs were transmitted more often from fathers to offspring with autism then from fathers to offspring without autism. Inheritance of maternal CRE-SVs were not associated with ASD in offspring. Although the researchers found spontaneous (i.e., non-inherited) genetic mutations in the coding regions of offspring's DNA, no spontaneous CRE-SV mutations in cases were found.
Spontaneous mutations to coding regions contribute in 5.1 percent of autism cases.
The paternal origin of CRE-SVs associated with autism contrasts with what would be expected based on simpler genetic models of autism which suggest that inherited genetic risk factors for autism originate predominantly from mothers.
Rare inherited cis-regulatory components contribute in 0.77 percent of autism cases. NeuroscienceNews.com image is in the public domain.
"The paternal origin effect that we see for CRE-SVs suggests that the inherited genetic contribution from mothers and fathers may be qualitatively different," said Dr. Sebat. The findings also provide a demonstration of the usefulness of SV analysis for identifying and understanding the genetic regulatory elements that influence risk for ASD.
Original Research: Abstract for "Paternally inherited cis-regulatory structural variants are associated with autism" by Brandler WM, Antaki D, Gujral M, Kleiber ML, Whitney J, Maile MS, Hong O, Chapman TR, Tan S, Tandon P, Pang T, Tang SC, Vaux KK, Yang Y, Harrington E, Juul S, Turner DJ, Thiruvahindrapuram B, Kaur G, Wang Z, Kingsmore SF, Gleeson JG, Bisson D, Kakaradov B, Telenti A, Venter JC, Corominas R, Toma C, Cormand B, Rueda I, Guijarro S, Messer KS, Nievergelt CM, Arranz MJ, Courchesne E, Pierce K, Muotri AR, Iakoucheva LM, Hervas A, Scherer SW, Corsello C, and Sebat J. in Science. Published May 17 2018.
NIH/NIMH "Inherited Variations in Noncoding Sections of DNA Associated with Autism." NeuroscienceNews. NeuroscienceNews, 1 June 2018.
NIH/NIMH "Inherited Variations in Noncoding Sections of DNA Associated with Autism." http://neurosciencenews.com/autism-genetics-9213/ (accessed June 1, 2018).
The genetic basis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is known to consist of contributions from de novo mutations in variant-intolerant genes. We hypothesize that rare inherited structural variants in cis-regulatory elements (CRE-SVs) of these genes also contribute to ASD. We investigated this by assessing the evidence for natural selection and transmission distortion of CRE-SVs in whole genomes of 9274 subjects from 2600 families affected by ASD. In a discovery cohort of 829 families, structural variants were depleted within promoters and untranslated regions, and paternally inherited CRE-SVs were preferentially transmitted to affected offspring and not to their unaffected siblings. The association of paternal CRE-SVs was replicated in an independent sample of 1771 families. Our results suggest that rare inherited noncoding variants predispose children to ASD, with differing contributions from each parent.


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Home > Journals > JOSA > Vol. 3 > No. 4 (2022)
Journal of Stochastic Analysis
The Degree Gini Index of Several Classes of Random Trees and Their Poissonized Counterparts—Evidence for Duality
Carly Domicolo, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USAFollow
Panpan Zhang, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USAFollow
Hosam Mahmoud, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USAFollow
Domicolo, Carly; Zhang, Panpan; and Mahmoud, Hosam (2022) "The Degree Gini Index of Several Classes of Random Trees and Their Poissonized Counterparts—Evidence for Duality," Journal of Stochastic Analysis: Vol. 3: No. 4, Article 1.
DOI: 10.31390/josa.3.4.01
Available at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/josa/vol3/iss4/1
10.31390/josa.3.4.01
josa.3.4.01.refs.pdf (70 kB)
References with DOIs
Analysis Commons, Other Mathematics Commons
All Issues Vol. 3, No. 4 Vol. 3, No. 3 Vol. 3, No. 2 Vol. 3, No. 1 Vol. 2, No. 4 Vol. 2, No. 3 Vol. 2, No. 2 Vol. 2, No. 1 Vol. 1, No. 4 Vol. 1, No. 3 Vol. 1, No. 2 Vol. 1, No. 1

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Everyone has something to give. Be prepared to roll up your sleeves. You can volunteer during the Poppy campaign or at a local branch. There are multiple ways to get involved.
You can help out during Remembrance or, better still, you can work behind the scenes all year long. The Legion needs your skills and commitment. Here are just some of the ways you can help us to help today's Veterans, while we honour the memory of those who have passed.
You can volunteer as an individual or as a group. Maybe your company would like to volunteer?
Contact us here to volunteer at any time.
For our annual Poppy Campaign, many branches require volunteers to deliver and pick up boxes (vehicle required).
If you would like to volunteer and would like us to pass on your information, please contact the Alberta-NWT Command Office for an application or click the link.


Rivers of America series, and it helps to define the culture of western North Carolina.
"one of the most complex and interesting characters in contemporary fiction."
1973:	Return the Innocent Earth, her third and final novel, is published.
commemorate the Bicentennial of the United States.
1979:	Tennessee, a coffee table book of text and photographs, is published.
1981:	Governor Lamar Alexander appoints her as Tennessee State Historian.
1984:	Explorations, a collection of essays, is published.
1993:	Tennessee Woman: An Infinite Variety, is published.


Plenary speaker Kerena Saltzman, a presenter, trainer, licensed therapist, and women's leadership coach, presents a motivational talk about creating and fostering high level collaborative relationships. Saltzman leads the attendees to do on-the-spot relational exercises.
Plenary speaker Kerena Saltzman, a presenter, trainer, licensed therapist, and women's leadership coach, presents a motivational talk about creating and fostering high level collaborative relationships. Saltzman leads the attendees to do on-the-spot relational exercises, as a way to focus on communicating with colleagues and meeting new people.


SEVASTOPOL, CRIMEA (The Nil Admirari) - Earlier today, Russian Television (RT) announced President Vladimir Putin had discovered the ancient lost city of Atlantis only 60 kilometers away from the Black Sea port city of Sevastopol. Putin was engaged in a routine provocative visit to the disputed territory of Crimea when he decided to use his master explorer skills to find Atlantis.
"It was turning into yet another boring visit to Crimea to spit in the face of Ukraine when I decided it was time the world finally discovered the location of the lost city of Atlantis. So I hopped into a submersible and after very little effort proved to the world I am the world's greatest archaeologist," said Putin, who held what he called "The Trident of Atlantis."
as a symbol of submission by the ancient lost city of Atlantis.
Putin added, "It's settled now. Atlantis is in the Black Sea. It just had a referendum, and 100% of its inhabitants want the city to become a part of the Soviet Unio... I mean Russian Federation, which has accepted it. They gave me the "Trident to the City."
Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko condemned Putin's presence in Crimea and commented, "Atlantis? Seriously?"
The Kremlin announced the Trident of Atlantis would be used as a fork by Putin at all state dinners.


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Home > Find a Physician > Sean P. Kerrigan, M.D.
Sean P. Kerrigan, M.D.
General Psychiatry
Family Psychotherapy
ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)
Developmental Disorder
Mood Disorder
M.D., Louisiana State University School of Medicine, 2008
B.A., Southeastern Louisiana University, 2004
Sean Kerrigan, MD, is an Instructor in Clinical Psychiatry at Weill Cornell Medicine and an Attending Psychiatrist for The Outlook, an inpatient eating disorders program at New York Presbyterian Hospital Westchester Division. He is Board-certified in General and Child & Adolescent Psychiatry with an interest in treating patients of all ages, from infancy to adulthood, through a developmental perspective. Dr. Kerrigan's areas of clinical focus include eating disorders, anxiety disorders, pediatric/adult ADHD, mood disorders, and substance abuse. He currently provides diagnostic evaluations, psychotherapy, and treatment with medication in his faculty practice.
Dr. Kerrigan received his medical degree at the LSU School of Medicine in New Orleans, LA, and was awarded both the Board of Supervisors Scholarship and the Phi Kappa Phi Fellowship for academic achievement. After discovering a passion for Mental Health, he completed his Psychiatry Internship and Residency at Harvard Medical School, training at Brigham & Women's Hospital, Massachusetts Mental Health Center and Children's Hospital Boston. He then went on to complete a two-year fellowship in Child & Adolescent Psychiatry at Stanford Hospital and Lucille-Packard Children's Hospital in Palo Alto, CA, where he practiced as a Senior Fellow in clinics focused on anxiety and eating disorders research. He has further specialty experience in Pediatric Psychopharmacology, Family-Based/Maudsley approaches to the treatment of Anorexia Nervosa, and Child-Directed Play Therapy for young children. Prior to joining the faculty at Weill Cornell Medical College, he also served as the Medical Director for an adolescent residential treatment center in Redwood City, CA.
In addition to his clinical and administrative roles, Dr. Kerrigan enjoys the opportunity to teach medical students and supervise psychiatry residents in training through Columbia University and Weill Cornell Medical College. He is a published author in the field of Narrative Medicine and has research interests ranging from the treatment of eating disorders to the evolving interplay between social technology and identity development in youth.
1. Board of Supervisors Scholarship, LSU School of Medicine
2. Phi Kappa Phi Fellowship for Graduate Studies, 2004-2008
3. Major Kenneth E. Dyson Award, 2004


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The Awful Truth About Pocha-Pani
Lockdown, being unable to leave the house or to have anyone visit, meant that housework had to be done by the inhabitants. Three of us shared the duties and it was a great relief that it proceeded with no bickering and high standards of not just F&B but housekeeping too. In the early days I even wrote an appreciative poem which if you like you can read here.
It reminded me of an earlier phase - more than twenty years ago, and a column I wrote for Times of India, Pune:
As I write this, I can see a broom standing in a corner, gazing reproachfully at me, and I am pitting all my wits towards repulsing it. What nerve – the repulsive creature! Brooms, I grew up with the firm knowledge, had only one sensible function: to be ridden on.
And I've ridden a great many in my time, and even now, in my days of peace and plenty, sneak out on occasion at the dead of night, clamber onto my trusty long-handled steed, and take the long flight past the full moon. In metaphor, that is, dear reader – only in metaphor.
But this one here, standing in the corner, continuing to glower and distract me from my elevated mission, has clearly forgotten its humble station in life. The cheek! Under the influence of its sulky stare, I have no recourse but to look around and painfully acknowledge the presence of assorted cobwebs and filthy little grey curlicues in the corners, the curlicues being also known, by my vocabulary-impoverished and totally obnoxious offspring, as "yucky black-black things" with the recommended usage: "Mumm-aa, why there are so many yucky black-black things in our house? In Zara's house there are no yucky black-black things only."
Not only did I come back from my holiday in serious need of a rest, not only did I pay for it before I left in extravagant wads of time, energy and units of currency, but I've come back to find that I still have to pay more, and further do all the unpacking, cleaning up and sorting out on my own because the housemaids, foolish wenches, have unanimously departed.
Once upon a time, long, long ago, Ma Sadhana came to my house to interview me for an article for the Osho Times on women and creativity. I was up to my knees in pocha-pani then too, having been devoid of the blessed and soothing presence of any Household Help for several months and I held forth at length on what a wonderful opportunity I was having to learn how to clean the toilets, make chappatis and so on. An opportunity I had never had in the past (and, I hoped, but didn't add, I would never have in the future) and was therefore making the most of. And this, I waxed eloquent before Sadhana, was a situation which had scope for such tremendous creativity! What I really, really enjoyed, I went on, was being creative in private! Creativity, I ended with a flourish, was not something that needed applause to be classified as creativity! (I meant it, I swear I did.) And when the article appeared, alongside a photograph of myself so glamorous that none of my numerous friends, relations or acquaintances could recognize who it was, I gloated, congratulated myself for weeks without end, and sent copies to the entire lot of them. Most, unfortunately, were grossly under-equipped to tackle Sadhana's exquisite Hindi prose but I can tell you they were, one and all, awed and impressed by the whole affair.
Sensing that I was on to a good thing, I wrote an article about how virtuous I was and how much I loved housework, and how I just couldn't understand why most women made such a big fuss about it. It was such a brilliant and well-written article, with such a clever and original theme, and I sent it off to a friend who happened to be editor of a popular women's magazine at the time. I've never been able to understand why she indignantly sent it right back, declaring it unfit for publication.
But meanwhile, talking about pocha-pani, here I have yet another large and smelly bucket filled with the stuff and I'm looking around wondering, wondering and wondering, what on earth am I going to do with it?
Do I flush the exotic cocktail down the toilet? Because I'm not much looking forward to cleaning that indispensable commodity (commode-ditty, get it? – hah!) either. Do I throw it in the garden and risk murdering my beloved husband's beloved plants with the fenyle and other vile ingredients it contains? Or shall I pour the delectable gravy (floating richly with strands of lustrous – luxuriant, even, if modesty will permit me – black, coconut-oil lavished hair) in the sink, and airily leave the choking which is bound to result, to be dealt with on another day?
All the long years I have employed other humans to clean my home on my behalf, what on earth they did with the pocha-pani has remained to me one of the great mysteries of life.
I go through phases of keenly scouring the Handy Hints sections of newspapers and magazine for likely answers, but it is a topic coldly neglected by one and all. I can't imagine why.
A little history about where and when this first appeared
While crediting Times of India, Pune, for having published the above article on 30 August 1997, I need to clarify that in those days TOI did not have a full-fledged Pune edition. The article was actually published in a supplement called Pune Times, which accompanied the Times of India, Mumbai, in those days. When I moved to Pune in 1993, the good people of Pune were still making doing with the TOI's Mumbai edition. In fact, TOI was new in Pune and the most popular paper then was Maharashtra Herald, with Indian Express selected by readers who wanted to feel more connected nationally. When my editor at TOI Mumbai, Darryl D'Monte, heard that it was the Express that was being read in my home, he gave me such a reproachful look that we promptly shifted to the TOI. Over the years, a very large population of Pune did so too and of course Darryl, in his editorial capacity was responsible for that too.
But, back in 1993, it was very flattering for me to have the managers of TOI, Pune, T. Ninan and Winston Machado, periodically phone to tell me that they were planning a TOI Pune edition and wanted me on board as editor.
'Phone' reminds me of the six-digit numbers we had back then; we'd migrate from 671261 to 26851261 over the years as the exchange modernized. The number remains even today, but BSNL lines are so bad that it is seldom used.
Anyway: Ninan and Machado and whoever else was making decisions in those days had no idea that I was not the right person for this job. Ascent, which I had launched for the TOI in Bombay in 1990, was a huge success IN SPITE of rather than because of me. They may not have known this, but I certainly did, and politely declined all their seductive offers.
Eventually, Sherna Gandhy moved from Bombay and launched the Pune edition of TOI and ran it for a few years. It began as Pune Times, a supplement to the Mumbai paper. After the main newspaper began in Pune, Pune Times gradually evolved into a paid-news platform for individuals and organization seeking publicity, and I'm afraid I'd rather just say that this pocha-pani saga, one of my favourites ever, was written for Times of India, Pune.
Posted by Saaz Aggarwal at 8:06 PM No comments:
Labels: Saaz ki Awaaz


With the blessings of Goddess Durga Devi, these Mantras for delayed marriage should be recited by Unmarried Girls with utmost devotion and faith to get their wish fulfilled. Katyayani Mantra:…..
Mantras are most powerful tools to the common persons to fulfill their desires. The word "Mantra" has been derived from Sanskrit. Mantra contains two words – "man"…..


Made quick and easy in muffin cups!
Prep: 10 minutes plus refrigeration.
I am making it for dinner group so it is not TNT and I don't know what magazine it came from.
Add enough water to juice to measure 2 1/2 cups; pour into saucepan.
Pour over gelatin mixes in large bowl; stir 2 minutes until completely dissolved.
STIR in pineapple, cranberry sauce, walnuts and apple.
Spoon into 24 paper-lined muffin cups.
REFRIGERATE 2 1/2 hours or until firm.
I could not fine a 16 ounce can of cranberry sauce so I will use a 14 oz. can. This is to be served with a pork roast. I will review it after we try it.!!!
** by jea MN: We really liked this recipe. I might even make it for Thanksgiving. I had it with some chicken this noon. I would use foil muffin liners, rather then paper, OR I might just make it in a bowl the next time and might use a little less hot liquid and refrigerate it overnight. It wasn't really set as much as I would have liked. I had little individual jello molds so I made enough of those for each person, but also made them the way directed in the recipe.
It was easy to make and very good with nice texture from the nuts and apples. Give it a try, it went well with the pork.
Mixed Berry (or whatever berry you like best) "Huckle Buckle"


text:
colin bell architect
Sligo, Co. Sligo
+353 71 916 9982Website
About UsProjectsIdeabooks
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Architects and Building Designers
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Sustainability has been the corner stone of CBA from its early work in the mid 90's, this includes the ethos and believes: That Humanity has the ability to make development sustainable - to ensure that it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs and that the "environment" is where we live; and "development" is what we all do in attempting to improve our lot within that abode. The two are inseparable. (Bruntland and WCED 1987) Having spent formative years, working with my father in a joinery workshop, introduced me to the principle of an economic use of materials with a minimum of waste which is still at the heart of my practice. Discovering the work of Walter Segal was a defining moment, confirming that architecture could empower and inspire people. As a visiting tutor at Hull School of Architecture in the early 80's Segal was inspirational. The honesty and simplicity of his method is a model for excellence. Moving to Sligo in the 90's enabled the development of a Segal method appropriate for the local climate using home grown durable timbers. This was an attempt to build post and beam timber construction built economically and sustainably with a defined timber structure that could be expressed internally. CBA was formed in 1996 and since then has developed different aspects of sustainability including low energy buildings and also the relationship in architecture between health and well being. The UIA (The International Union of Architects) state that Architecture should inspire and ennoble which for CBA means that Sustainability in the practise goes beyond energy and environmental issues as it is about a built environment where architect and client take responsibility for a wide reaching improved quality of life.
3D Rendering, Architectural Design, Architectural Drawings, Building Conservation, Building Design, Green Building, House Restoration, Space Planning
Sligo, Mayo, Leitrim, Donegal, Monaghan
1 Project for colin bell architect
dwelling Co Sligo
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On board the world's fastest train Jump to media player The BBC's Rupert Wingfield-Hayes takes a ride on the world's fastest train, which reaches speeds of up to 501km/h.
China's high-speed rail revolution Jump to media player China has a larger high-speed rail network than the entire European Union or the United States, according to a new World Bank report.
It has been more than 50 years since Japan completed the world's first dedicated high-speed rail line between Tokyo and Osaka.
It has become known around the world as the "bullet train". The Tokkaido line is by far the busiest in the world, carrying nearly 150 million passengers a year.
Now Japan Rail is about to embark on building a completely new Tokyo to Osaka line, with trains that will travel twice as fast as the old bullet train.
Our Tokyo correspondent Rupert Wingfield-Hayes has been for a ride.


The full size Mini PCIe Card is an AP Router with Ralink RT3352F chipset with CPU, IEEE802.11n 300Mbps data rate. 6 times faster than the legacy 11g model with cost-effective.
The RF output power can reach 500mW 27dBm in 11b (CCK) mode.
There are five modes: AP, AP Client, Router, Bridge, and WDS. It is ideal for multi-purpose installation to share wireless connection.
By supporting 64/128-bits WEP, TKIP,WPA, WPA2,AES and WPS, helps protect your data and privacy during transmission.
This module could be mounted on system board like IPTV, STB, Media Player, Femto, XDSL, Cable Modem, Industrial PC, Ethernet Switch, Printer Server, Connected TV, Smart Phone And Portable CPE For WiMAX/LTE.
Ralink Chipset with Interface Fast Ethernet RGMII (Giga Bit), LAN, 2USBs & UART….
-Clock rate up to 400MHzLegacy and High Throughput Modes.


Are you a YouTube addict? Are you fond of watching video pranks and song covers from popular YouTube sensations? Then you need a big video data bundle for your mobile!
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text:
Western Digital to buy SanDisk for $19bn
Dominant force in the hard drive market joins with leader in flash storage, reflecting ongoing consolidation in the storage market.
By Colin Barker | October 21, 2015 -- 12:17 GMT (05:17 PDT) | Topic: Storage
Image: Western Digital
Western Digital is to buy fellow storage supplier SanDisk for around $19bn.
The deal marks the largest consolidation in the storage market to date.
Western Digital said the deal will double its addressable market and expand its position in higher-growth segments, in particular non-volatile memory where SanDisk has a 27-year history. Western Digital said the deal will also allow it to vertically integrate into NAND "securing long-term access to solid state technology at lower cost".
"This transformational acquisition aligns with our long-term strategy to be an innovative leader in the storage industry by providing compelling, high-quality products with leading technology," said Western Digital CEO Steve Milligan.
"The combined company will be ideally positioned to capture the growth opportunities created by the rapidly evolving storage industr," he said.
Dell's latest flash storage aims for low cost with TLC 3D NAND technology
The SC4020 tries for the mantle of lowest cost-per-gigabyte for flash arrays at $1.66 per GB for all flash and 58 cents for hybrids.
Western Digital said the two companies' complementary product lines, including hard disk drives, solid-state drives, cloud datacenter storage solutions, and flash storage solutions, "will provide the foundation for a broader set of products and technologies from consumer to datacenter". The transaction is expected to close in the third quarter of 2016.
The company argues there's still plenty of growth left in the storage market, predicting double digit growth in SSDs for the next five years and a 10 percent compound annual growth rate in the global NAND flash market.
SSD and NAND will account for 32 percent of the combined company's sales, while the combined R&D spend is $2.3bn. Western Digital said it expected $500m in annual 'synergies' within 18 months of the deal.
Western Digital has a market capitalisation of nearly $22bn and earlier in the month was in the news after it received a $3.8bn investment from China's Tsinghua University. According to Bloomberg, this new cash infusion is expected to be used for acquisitions.
SanDisk is the third largest flash memory manufacturer after Samsung and Toshiba. While SanDisk is strong in the memory chip market, Western Digital is one of the largest makers of computer hard disk drives. A merger of the two would chime nicely with the consolidation currently underway in the storage market, by combining a dominant force in the hard drive market with a leader in flash storage.
As evidence of the consolidation in the market: in March, NXP and Freescale announced a $40bn merger; in May, Avago bought Broadcom for $37 billion; and in June, Intel bought Altera for $16.7bn.
How can SD cards be faster than SSDs?
SK Hynix to join 3D NAND competition this year
Want to go flash? Will that be PCIe, fabric connected, all-flash, hybrid, or all of the above?
Samsung Hardware Reviews Mobility Data Centers Cloud
More from Colin Barker
Rethinking high-performance computing for the cloud
Why it's time for the tech industry to take gender diversity seriously
Big data in action: Using graph databases to drive new customer insights
Can you cut the software testing time overhead by a factor of ten? Perhaps you can
Samsung fingerprint-protected T7 Touch portable SSD
Many external SSDs feature password protection and AES 256-bit hardware encryption, but the Samsung T7 Touch goes one step further and adds a convenient fingerprint reader. ...
Tiny 8TB SanDisk SSD: It's 'world's highest capacity' pocket-sized portable drive
Along with its 8TB SanDisk pocketable SSD prototype, Western Digital unveils a $250 1TB thumb-drive.
Forget the $52,000 Mac Pro - the sweet spot is half that
With a fully loaded price exceeding $50,000, the new Mac Pro has polarized tech pundits. But the sweet spot configuration is $25k, not $50k. Is that too much as well? Not compared to ...
The 3 biggest storage advances of the 2010s
It may be to remember, but 10 years ago our storage options were much less convenient - and way more expensive. Here's my top 3 picks for the most consequential storage of the last decade. ...
Clumio's Backup SaaS solution showcases what's possible with cloud-native
Cloud-native backup and recovery SaaS services leverage the scalability and efficiency of the cloud. Clumio provides a good example of what's possible when you fully leverage the ...
Verizon kills email accounts of archivists trying to save Yahoo Groups history
Verizon says the archivists it has blocked breached its terms of service.
Why clouds will always, eventually, fail
And every other computer will fail too. Is this anyway to run a digital first civilization?
Black Friday 2019: The best storage, SSD, and flash drive deals
Getting short of storage on your PC or other devices? Pick up a deal this Black Friday and give yourself some extra space.


text:
Sextortion: Jared James Abrahams Pleads Guilty to 4 Counts of Extortion & 1 Count Unauthorized Access of a Computer … Victims Include Miss Teen USA Cassidy Wolf & Teen, 20′s and Minor Girls From Southern California, Maryland, Ireland, Canada, Russia and Moldova
SICK, CREEPY SOB PLEADS GUILTY IN SEXTORTION CASE.
19 year old Jared James Abrahams has pleaded guilty to four counts of extortion and one could of an unauthorized access of a computer. Abrahams s facing federal prison time for hacking the webcams of Miss Teen USA Cassidy Wolf and a dozen other young women worldwide and trying to blackmail them by going public with naked photos in the widely publicized "sextortion" case. Jared Abrahams is a former class mate of Cassidy Wolf. Under the plea agreement, Abrahams faces up to 11 years in federal prison and fines of up to $1 million.
Visit NBCNews.com for breaking news, world news, and news about the economy
A 19-year-old Southern California computer student is facing federal prison for hacking the webcams of Miss Teen USA Cassidy Wolf and a dozen other young women worldwide and trying to blackmail them by going public with naked photos he secretly took.
Jared James Abrahams of Temecula pleaded guilty Tuesday to four counts of extortion and one count of unauthorized access of a computer.
Court records show the victims ranged from their late teens to early 20s, including some minors, and were located in Southern California, Maryland, Ireland, Canada, Russia and Moldova. The plot lasted from early 2012 until June 2013.
Abrahams threatened to post the illegally obtained photos if his targets did not send him more nude images or strip for him on camera. At least two complied with his demands.
"I hacked several girls' computers and, using their webcams, took photos of them when they weren't aware," Abrahams said in court, admitting that he was aware that he was extorting them.
Posted November 12, 2013 by Scared Monkeys
Crime, Extortion, Facebook, Internet, Invassion of Privacy, Sextortion, Social Media, You Tube - VIDEO | no comments
UNREAL … HHS Sec. Sebelius Admits to Senate Panel that Obamacare Navigators Don't Need Criminal Background Checks … A Convicted Felon Could be a Navigator
ARE YOU KIDDING ME … THIS SHOULD BE CONSIDERED A CRIME AGAINST THE AMERICAN PEOPLE.
The Obamacare "Navigators," the very people who Americans give their person information to and are supposed to help navigate individuals through Obamacare are not required under federal guidelines are not required to undergo criminal background checks. How on earth could the government open Americans up to such identity theft and fraud? Isn't there enough fraud in healthcare without Obama and his minions opening up more individuals to more? How could this possibly be considered HIPAA compliant?
HHS Secretary Kathleen Sebelius admits in a Senate hearing on Obamacare that a felon could be a navigator. And you think the worst part of Obamacare is the website. It would appear your biggest problems may occur once you log on. Good grief, is there any aspect of Obama care that is worth a damn! How could anything this poorly constructed ever get out of the planing stage of project management?
From The Weekly Standard:
"So I want to ask you about the navigators," said Senator John Cornyn at a hearing today on Capitol Hill. "The president is in Dallas, Texas today, touting the navigator program, which, as you know, are people who are hired to help people navigate the Affordable Care Act. But I would just like to ask you this question, if you would answer it: Isn't it true that there is no federal requirement for navigators to undergo a criminal background check, even though they will receive personal — sensitive personal — information from the individuals they help to sign-up for the Affordable Care Act?"
"That is true," said Sebelius. "States could add an additional background checks and other features, but it is not part of the federal requirement"
"So a convicted felon could be a navigator and could acquire sensitive personal information from an individual unbeknownst to them?"
"That is possible," said Sebelius.
This must be a part of Obama's felon jobs program.
Posted November 7, 2013 by Scared Monkeys
Barack Obama, Crime, Democrats, Epic Fail, Felony, Fraud, Government, Healthcare, Healthcare.gov, HHS, HIPAA, Invassion of Privacy, Kathleen Sebelius, Liberals, Misleader, Misrepresentation, Obamacare, Obamanation, Partisan hack, Progressives, Senate, The Lying King, Transparency, WTF, You Tube - VIDEO | 9 comments
HIPAA Be Damned … Obamacare's HealthCare.gov Users Warn of Security Risk, Breach of Privacy
What else could this disastrous web site possibly do wrong?
Obamacare's Healthcare.gov website discloses eligibility letters written to other applicants. Hmm, thanks for the break of privacy of unsuspecting individuals who signed onto Healthcare.gov. The security flaw disclosed eligibility letters addressed to individuals from another state. Just curious, was a data disclosure made to HHS in compliance with HIPAA privacy rules like many healthcare government contractors are supposed to do within a specified amount of time? Or do your own rules not apply to yourself?
As reported at The Weekly Standard, below is a screen shot of one of the "eligibility letters" he wasn't supposed to receive.
From The Foundry:
Justin Hadley logged on to HealthCare.gov to evaluate his insurance options after his health plan was canceled. What he discovered was an apparent security flaw that disclosed eligibility letters addressed to individuals from another state.
"I was in complete shock," said Hadley, who contacted Heritage after becoming alarmed at the breach of privacy.
Hadley, a North Carolina father, buys his insurance on the individual market. His insurance company, Blue Cross Blue Shield of North Carolina, directed him to HealthCare.gov in a cancellation letter he received in September.
After multiple attempts to access the problem-plagued website, Hadley finally made it past the registration page Thursday. That's when he was greeted with downloadable letters about eligibility — for two people in South Carolina.
The document shows that administration officials at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services were concerned that a lack of testing posed a potentially "high" security risk for the HealthCare.gov website serving 36 states.
Last week, the Associated Press disclosed a government memo revealing the "high" security risk for HealthCare.gov. Those concerns surfaced at Wednesday's hearing with HHS Secretary Kathleen Sebelius, who claimed the system was secure.
HHS spokeswoman Joanne Peters told the AP, "When consumers fill out their online … applications, they can trust that the information they're providing is protected by stringent security standards and that the technology underlying the application process has been tested and is secure."
However, that didn't stop members of Congress from voicing alarm.
"You accepted a risk on behalf of every user … that put their personal financial information at risk," Representative Mike Rogers (R-MI) told Sebelius. "Amazon would never do this. ProFlowers would never do this. Kayak would never do this. This is completely an unacceptable level of security."
Barack Obama, Epic Fail, Healthcare, Healthcare.gov, HHS, Invassion of Privacy, Kathleen Sebelius, Medicare-Medicaid, Misleader, Obamacare, Obamanation, Technology, WTF | 3 comments
NSA Collecting Hundreds of Millions of Contact Lists from Personal E-mail & IM Accounts, Including Americans
The government may be shut down, but the NSA is not …
Nothing is off limits to the NSA and so much for anything personal privacy. According to the NSA and their collection techniques, we are guilty until proven innocent. According to the WAPO, "Each day, the presentation said, the NSA collects contacts from an estimated 500,000 buddy lists on live-chat services as well as from the inbox displays of Web-based e-mail accounts." But don't worry, President Barack Obama previously stated that the NSA's email collecting program "does not apply to U.S. citizens." Of course this is the same individual who says that the Obamacare website is a success, it is just "glitchy".
The National Security Agency is harvesting hundreds of millions of contact lists from personal e-mail and instant messaging accounts around the world, many of them belonging to Americans, according to senior intelligence officials and top-secret documents provided by former NSA contractor Edward Snowden.
The collection program, which has not been disclosed before, intercepts e-mail address books and "buddy lists" from instant messaging services as they move across global data links. Online services often transmit those contacts when a user logs on, composes a message, or synchronizes a computer or mobile device with information stored on remote servers.
Rather than targeting individual users, the NSA is gathering contact lists in large numbers that amount to a sizable fraction of the world's e-mail and instant messaging accounts. Analysis of that data enables the agency to search for hidden connections and to map relationships within a much smaller universe of foreign intelligence targets.
During a single day last year, the NSA's Special Source Operations branch collected 444,743 e-mail address books from Yahoo, 105,068 from Hotmail, 82,857 from Facebook, 33,697 from Gmail and 22,881 from unspecified other providers, according to an internal NSA PowerPoint presentation. Those figures, described as a typical daily intake in the document, correspond to a rate of more than 250?million a year.
From The Hill … Maybe some one might want to define and quantify what "required to minimize the 'acquisition, use and dissemination' of contacts of U.S. citizens" is!
Shawn Turner, a spokesman for the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, said the program is aimed at "valid foreign intelligence targets," including terrorists, drug smugglers and human traffickers. He added that the NSA is required to minimize the "acquisition, use and dissemination" of contacts of U.S. citizens.
But of course because of media bias, we hear really nothing of this invasion of privacy. However, as the Lonely Conservative states, image if a Republican was in the White House?
Posted October 15, 2013 by Scared Monkeys
Abuse of Power, America - United States, AOL, Barack Obama, Chicago-Style Politics, Conspiracy, email, Fourth Amendment, Google, Government, Home Land Security, Imperial President, Internet, Invassion of Privacy, Law Enforcement, Misleader, NSA, Social Media, Terrorism, Transparency, Tyranny, US Constitution, US National Security, War on Terror, We the People, World | one comment
HHS-Run Website Hacked … Now Selling NFL Jerseys, Ugg Boots, Armani Fragrances
Does this give those that need to sign up for Obamacare a warm fuzzy …
As reported at the The Weekly Standard, a portion of the website of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), an agency of HHS, was apparently hacked as long as two months ago. Makes you want to trust the Healthcare.gov web page and give the government your personal information, doesn't it?
A portion of the website of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) was apparently hacked as long as two months ago. SAMHSA is an agency of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). HHS also runs the new Obamacare insurance marketplace, Healthcare.gov.
Dozens of pages hawking retail merchandise have been uploaded to the SAMHSA site, ranging from NFL jerseys to Ugg shoes to Armani fragrances. Screen captures of the various pages are shown here:
UPDATE: Shortly after this story was posted, the site nace.samhsa.gov returned an error message saying that the site could not be found. Later, the following message appeared on the site (misspelling included): "This site is undgoing maintenance. We are sorry for any inconvenience this has caused you." Here's a current screen capture:
Posted October 5, 2013 by Scared Monkeys
Barack Obama, Epic Fail, Government, Hacked/Hacking, Healthcare, HHS, Internet, Invassion of Privacy, Obamacare, WTF, You Tube - VIDEO | no comments
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Capital: None. Former administrative capital is Cidade do Santo Nome de Deus de Macau.
Footballzz.co.uk - National competitions in Macau.
National Football Teams - Macau clubs and international players.
Soccerway - Macau tables and results back to 2007/08.
Wikimedia Commons - Association football images in Macau.
World Stadiums - Stadiums in Macau.


text:
export function store($http, BaseApiUrl) {

    const BASE = `${BaseApiUrl}/complexity-kind`;

    const findAll = () => {
        return $http
            .get(BASE)
            .then(result => result.data);
    };

    const findBySelector = (targetKind, selector) => {
        return $http
            .post(`${BASE}/target-kind/${targetKind}/selector`, selector)
            .then(result => result.data);
    };

    return {
        findAll,
        findBySelector
    };
}

store.$inject = [
    '$http',
    'BaseApiUrl',
];

export const serviceName = 'ComplexityKindStore';

export const ComplexityKindStore_API = {
    findAll: {
        serviceName,
        serviceFnName: 'findAll',
        description: 'executes findAll'
    },
    findBySelector: {
        serviceName,
        serviceFnName: 'findBySelector',
        description: 'executes findBySelector'
    }
};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


According to the Dutch Central Bureau of Statictics (CBS) the economy in the Northern Netherlands is mainly on the up, with especially South-West Friesland seeing runaway growth numbers.
The economy in the whole of the Netherlands grew by around 2.7 per cent in 2018. As reported by RTV Drenthe, and the Omrop Fryslan, the Northern Netherlands joined in with the overall growth – with Drenthe in particular seeing around 2 per cent growth.
The region of 'South-West Drenthe' led the way in Drenthe, posting 2.9 per cent growth in 2018. This area, interestingly, is the only part of Drenthe without a major city – the largest conurbation being Hoogeveen, with around 55,000 residents.
Of all of the districts where growth was measured, it was Súdwest-Fryslân that provided a real surprise. The region saw economic growth of 5.2 per cent. The province with the highest growth overall was Flevoland (centred around Almere and Lelystad), which saw 3.4 per cent growth in 2018.
One of the only areas where the economic growth fell behind, was the east of the provincie of Groningen. It saw its economy shrink by 3.6 percent. One of the reasons suggested is a fall in the amount of natural gas being extracted from the province's gas reserves.


text:
Home » About PLANMAP » Work Packages
WP1 - Coordination and Management
This work package is the coordinating virtual hub organised by leading members of the PLANMAP consortium. This WP pursues the aim of supervising all the activities included in the project and takes the leading action when conjunct WPs efforts are required.
WP2 - Geomorphological Mapping: Tools, Standards and Maps
WP2 aims to develop a standardized approach to geological maps, making best use of modern technology, and to publish several examples of scientific use. In particular, we intend to pass from classical geomorphological maps to geo-stratigraphic maps and integrated geological maps where composition of the surfaces is coupled with retention ages and geomorphology. All of this requires dedicated procedures for integrating in a unique GIS environment numerous layers with diverse information. Thus, WP2 will define the standards of mapping and layer assemblage to guarantee a systematic mapping approach for all maps.
WP3 - Stratigraphy and Chronostratigraphy
A geological map not only provides geomorphologic, lithologic, and compositional information but also detailed information on the timing of geological units and the sequence of events. In addition, it also allows quantifying geologic processes such as the volcanic activity during time periods of interest. Thus, it is this combination of lithology and ages that allows scientists to reconstruct the evolution of a landscape and to decipher its origin. Most commonly, superposition of units, embayment, and cross-cutting relationships are applied to determine the relative stratigraphy of geologic units. WP3 aims to use crater degradation and crater size-frequency distribution measurements, calibrated to the radiometric ages of the Apollo and Luna landing sites, to provide absolute model ages of the investigated geologic units and contextualise unit sequences in a specific timeframe.
WP4 - Compositional Unit definition
The evolution of a solid Solar System body can be inferred by studying its surface composition, which is affected by internal activity, meteoritic impacts, space weathering, and (where present) ices/atmosphere interaction. WP4 aims to collect and analyse surface compositions retrieved from large datasets produced by the scientific payload of space missions and produce compositional maps by deriving from each spectrum several spectral indices.
WP5 - Ground Truth and Virtual Environment
Lander/rover data help to provide ground truth for orbital data, and thus, extend the understanding of the orbital data to a local scale. Within WP5 it will be possible to map in situ data over sites well-characterized from orbital data for current landing sites. In addition to traditional mapping tools, WP5 plans to develop new rendering and analytical tools using virtual reality techniques. Virtual environment will be made accessible both from permanent lab facilities and portable devices.
WP6 - 3D Subsurface Geological Modelling
WP6 will use DTMs from orbital spacecraft, 3D geometrical reconstructions from ground from WP5, geological maps upgraded with spectral and chronostratigraphic information from WP2 and WP4 and, where possible, radar sounder data, to generate 3D subsurface geological models of Mercury, Mars, and the Moon. The 3D geological models will allow a better definition of the stratigraphic relationship between units, as well as of the kinematics and displacement associated with different tectonic structures. Hence these models will be useful to test the inherent self-consistency of the geological maps and reveal how the magmatic, tectonic, and sedimentary processes have evolved on the different bodies. The 3D distribution of physical properties in planetary sub-surfaces may represent a key for the quantitative assessment of past and present planetary processes such as volcanic eruptions, sedimentation, ice formation, fluid percolation, gravitational phenomena, and impact crater formation.
WP7 - WebGIS, Data Fusion and Data Sharing
WP7 will collect, link, and collate all datasets, products, and metadata derived from other data-producing WPs, as well as provide science, outreach-friendly datasets and mapping products suitable for dissemination. Specific data fusion, including both overlay and spatial analytical capabilities will allow individual map layers and layer bundles deriving from WP2, WP3, and WP5 to be synergistically analysed and integrated into comprehensive mapping products. Human and computer-based analyses employing state-of-the-art computer visualizations will be applied. Global 3D vision based on NASA-ESA visualisations frameworks will be employed to match local and regional 3D data, respectively from WP5 and WP6.
WP8 - Communication activities
WP8 aims to bring together researchers, agencies, the STEM education community, and the general public and let them have access to higher-level, user-friendly mapping products, suitable also for non-experts and schools. Hence, PLANMAP communication activities have the main objective to foster the interest of the general public and stakeholders. On one side we will contribute to educating people about planetary sciences, natural sciences in general, and ESA space activities in particular and, on the other side, WP8 wants to increase the awareness among space agencies and the planetary science community of the need of high-level geological maps for future planetary exploration.


text:
require File.expand_path('../application', __FILE__)

# Initialize the Rails application.
Xplainer::Application.initialize!


I do most of my writing in Ulysses app. It's a delightful writing environment that syncs really well across desktop and mobile, meaning it's effortless to make notes, list ideas, or edit posts whenever I have time or inclination. It's so easy however, that I keep finding notes from old streams of consciousness that make very little sense on reflection. Here's a recent list that I'm intrigued by. Wondering if I can rejoin the dots and reinterpret what I was working toward.
Johari Window. Interpretation: Understanding what only you know about yourself, vs. what you and everyone else knows about you, vs. what what others know about you that you don't know yourself, vs. what no one, including yourself, knows about you. Click the link. Seeing it in the window helps it make more sense.
Gattaca. Interpretation: As per Personal Parable #2, one of my take aways from the film (which is 20 years old now!) is the bit where Anton finds out that Vincent would rather die than lose the race. That's the extreme level of not knowing what someone else knows about themselves. The utmost sign of communication having failed and that you're not on the same page as someone else.
Service Design. Interpretation: Whatever you think or know (or don't know) about the discipline, it's safe to agree (or interpret) that it's a profession that needs you to think about more than yourself. Designing any service or system that involves multiple parties and other types of people is more akin to being a detective or a therapist than any sort of 'designer' that the word usually conjures in our heads (like, black polo neck and black rim glasses, or beard, checked shirt and Vitsœ on walls at home).
Culture Clash. Interpretation: You may have a great idea. You may be right about something. Your plan might be the smartest one on offer. You may even have the holy grail of solutions. But if you rub people up the wrong way or come across as arrogant or overbearing or unconfined or inexperienced or unprofessional, then you may be unable to convince 'the other side' of anything.
Motive. Interpretation: You have yours. Your client has theirs. Their audience has theirs. Their employees have theirs. Their bank manages have theirs. Their bosses have theirs. Motives are held by everyone and nestled like Russian dolls. To achieve any you have to be aware and compassionate toward them all.
Conventions / Shortcuts. Interpretation: I've read a lot about how our brains are geared toward developing heuristics and finding shortcuts. From a pop evolutionary biology point of view this makes a fair bit of sense (short cuts save energy and time on repetitive tasks that have proven successful, aka, that don't cause you to die). The idea that such methods become hard wired in us makes sense when you consider how hard it is to change established behaviours, especially when what we're doing, which we've always done, is still not actually killing us. Why take a risk and change such a thing? Change could mean danger. Danger is not good. Convention is safe.
Allegorical language from Star Trek. Interpretation: I've trepidatiously used this example a number of times in the past, but trust me, it's a good one. Imagine that it's just an old fable or a kids story perhaps, not an episode of a 90s TV sci-fi. In it, there are some people that can't be understood. They seem to talk in riddles. Repeating the same story fragments, like jargon that you've not been educated in. They just keep repeating themselves, over and over, treating you as though you're the idiot, for not knowing their references and what they know. What frustrates everyone on both sides is that the words in the language are the same. It nearly makes sense. If only both parties could recognise the lack of shared understanding of the references and focus on their goals rather than barriers.
Idea to split WA in to three companies. Interpretation: This was an idea from 2015 when we were thinking about how With Associates needed to evolve in order to remain relevant. We had long identified that we did more than build websites with design agencies. Our services had expanded enormously during our first decade, but inline with the expansion came a difficulty to explain what we did exactly. Old friends and associates knew us a the website building partner company, later friends as a design, build and support agency, latter still, as the digital consultancy that could help with scope and strategy as much as anything else. Saying WA alone did it all was proving too 'Jack of all trades' as well as contrary to what our older friends understood. We needed either to cut some strings from our bow or find some way of re-housing them in their own independent instrument.
To illustrate the latter, and test how people reacted to the idea of WA splitting apart into three separate companies, I created two new fictional companies that would bookend With Associates and provide more succinct lists of services.
Making Things Matter. Services: Project scoping, Business Analysis, Audience Research, Prototyping, User testing, Accessibility requirements, Content strategy, Social media strategy. Matter as in worth while, as much as real. This agency wouldn't do graphics, UI, development or engineering (other than for prototypes and such), but it would help plot and plan such things from a business and audience perspective. Revealing and recognising opportunities. It would have taken over the upfront 'consultancy' part of With Associates and helped make more sense to clients on the occasions that we concluded that WA wasn't the best fit for the next phases of a project, or indeed, when we suggested that a project wasn't really recommended at all. MTM would have been led by myself. It would have talked and help clients think clearly about digital goals and possibilities, before committing to clear briefs and budget brackets.
With Associates. Services: Responsive web design, User experience design, Brand guardianship, Frontend web development, Backend web development, SEO consultancy. This would have been a focused return to the original With Associates goal of helping people get online, but rather than making all the tools as we had to in 2004, WA would have recommended a mostly cloud hosted product stack, alongside very structured ways of working (more along the lines of the service for services that I wrote about the other day). WordPress (on WPengine) and WordPress.com, Squarespace, Tilda, Shopify, Campaign Monitor, Intercom, Google Apps, even Slack and Trello and other workflow products. Basically, a best of practice website / digital service that ensured every client was left in control of their own stack. Jenifer would have run this one. Her focus on standards and accessibility would have made it solid and consistent. No messing. Just delivery.
Accompany. Services: Digital Product and Services, Scoping, Roadmaping, Design, Development, Support, Set up, Team building, Hand over. For clients of MTM that needed a large scale solution, or associates of WA that needed to take things to the next level, or simply for new business start ups or products or behemoth like corporates! Accompany would have been a partial partner, meaning that it's contracts would be designed to expire and end with clients standing on their own feet. Kind of like a kick starter partner. Never in endless, cash cow support style relationships. Erin would have headed Accompany, with a crew more akin to the A-Team than anything else (meaning, a crack developer unit that was servicing a support contract on which they were scared to deploy or commit, and who promptly escaped from a maximum security NDA into the East London Overground, were they survived as engineers of fortune, helping those who no one else could help). Seriously though, could you imagine the A-Team in a support contract?
On reflection, I'm still not totally sure what I was thinking about with the original 8 line list, but the first seven themes do seem to lead to that idea of splitting WA into three, more distinct and easier to understand entities. It was just an idea at the time, a thought to how it would feel if they were named as three different companies, as opposed to just three headings under our final 'what we do' section (Explore, Create, Deliver).
Or perhaps I'm still mulling over a lot of what we did, and could have done, at With Associates. It's just over a year now that we announced the closure. Maybe I'm getting antsy and want to start something new? Or day dreaming with the benefit of hindsight about how I'll make things clearer and more succinct in the future.
Whatever the exact motive was with the list, the recurring point of multiple parties understanding and empathising with each other seems clear. That's the thing which intrigues me most in every interaction each day. And having so many new and altered experiences over the past year has highlighted this even more clearly. Going from doing much the same thing for 12 years, to being a primary child carer, having kids starting at school, spending more time teaching and within the educational system, and experiencing a few interviews from the other side (for the first time in more than 15 years), are unfamiliar but exciting lenses through which to be viewing the future.
Next Next post: SSSSRRR! CLICK! HISSS! BLURBB!


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Emotional Kim jumping for joy after winning British title
Published: 15:18 Tuesday 02 October 2018
A joyous Kim Beattie from Banchory took the women's British double mini trampoline title at Arena Birmingham recently.
Kim scored 134.200 points to win the gold medal ahead of Bethany Williams (133.700) from Birkenhead and Kaitlin O'Brien (131.200).
Kim said: "It's been such a tough year, I've battled through injury, I've lost some skills, it's just been really tough, so to finish the season off like this is just amazing.
"I was just amazed, I just started crying!"
More than 400 gymnasts from 80 clubs across the UK took part in front of a crowd of 3,500 at Arena Birmingham.
Champions of all ages were crowned, and Jane Allen, chief executive officer of British Gymnastics, said: "I am thrilled to see so many talented athletes perform at such a high-level at the Trampolining, Tumbling and Double Mini Trampoline British Championships in Birmingham.
"It is great to see so many of the established stars taking part and exciting to see the depth of young talent coming through.
"The sport has a very bright future and Birmingham has once again staged an outstanding event."
It has been a memorable year for Kim, and she's not done yet, as she is one of the nominations for the Scottish Senior Gymnast of the Year award.
Scottish Gymnastics received more than 100 nominations for individuals and clubs who have been outstanding in their contribution to the sport by fellow gymnasts, colleagues, coaches and family members.
The nominees were whittled down to 24 finalists across seven categories. The winners will be announced at the awards evening at the Apex Grassmarket Hotel, Edinburgh, on Saturday November 10.
Garioch Gymnastics have been nominated in the Club of the Year category.
Kim came 14th overall in the individual World DMT Championships and was part of the GB team which won the silver medal in double mini trampoline at the FIG Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships in Sofia, Bulgaria last November.
Champion display by Kimberley
Kim said afterwards: "In my qualification round I got a personal best score, which was nice as my aim was to achieve two clean passes and just generally enjoy my first World Championships.
"In the team final, I achieved the highest scoring pass of my career to help the team secure silver.
"It was a dramatic and emotional team final and to take away a medal was an incredible experience."


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Home » General Mills investing in e-commerce efforts
General Mills investing in e-commerce efforts
Mainstream product lines like Cheerios do well on web sites like Amazon that cater to consumers looking to do their full basket shop on-line.
MINNEAPOLIS — Calling on-line sales of food and beverage products the "fastest growing food-channel," General Mills, Inc., has created an e-commerce center of excellence to provide leadership on the virtual shelf, said Shawn O'Grady, president of sales and channel development. Company sales currently flowing through on-line sales are between 1% and 2% of total sales, but Mr. O'Grady said that could change quickly.
Shawn O'Grady, president of sales and channel development at General Mills
"If you said, what does it look like out four or five years ahead, all the projections I've seen are in the 5% to 6% range," Mr. O'Grady said Sept. 22 during a conference call with financial analysts to discuss the company's first-quarter earnings. "Obviously, Amazon is leading some of the thought there. Walmart.com is investing a great deal to make sure that they are utilizing their stores to make sure they're competitive. And that really is causing all of the players in the marketplace to want to be active in the e-commerce space."
He said General Mills' product portfolio is well suited for on-line shopping. Products like Larabar and some of the company's gluten-free items do well on web sites that are geared for "spear fishing" or single item searches, and such mainstream product lines as Cheerios, Betty Crocker and others do well on web sites that cater to consumers looking to do their full basket shop on-line.
Ken Powell, chief executive officer of General Mills, said given the current situation in the market, it is easy to see e-commerce sales grow rapidly for the company.
"We have only to look at other markets where we do business, like the U.K. and France, where some of our categories, our on-line sales are approaching 10%," Mr. Powell said. "So it's pretty clear that we're going to move in that direction very rapidly in the U.S. And this is an area that we're investing in at General Mills to develop our capability, and make sure that we can be leaders and great partners for all of our customers who have a lot of interest in this."
Don Mulligan, chief financial officer, said the catalyst that drove increased e-commerce sales in Europe was the ability for consumers to do a full basket on-line searches and shopping.
"You can see that coming," Mr. Mulligan said. "And so that's why we expect the growth projections to materialize."
Business Companies Baking Manufacturers General Mills
General Mills sees 'outsized growth' in e-commerce
General Mills to achieve e-commerce sales goal ahead of schedule
Wal-Mart sees success in expanded e-commerce efforts
High-stability Oil Solutions in Bakery Applications


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Google Glass Developer Conference Has Ultra-Strict Rules
By Pete Pachal 2013-01-25 16:55:18 UTC
Excited to hear about what will happen at next week's first official developer conference for Google Glass? Good luck. Google is requiring attendees to sign a restrictive NDA that bars them from revealing anything about it.
Google's non-disclosure agreement (NDA) for the Google Glass Foundry, a two-day developer event taking place in San Francisco and New York City next week, explicitly forbids developers from talking to the media or posting publicly about anything they do there. ReadWrite got a look at the event's NDA and posted the details.
While that's par for the course for most developer early access, Google also won't allow developers to use their own Google+ accounts to test Glass; the company will instead distribute special developer accounts that Google can revoke at any time.
SEE ALSO: Google Glass (And Sergey Brin) Ride the NYC Subway
The secrecy doesn't end there. Google claims ownership of any photos or videos attendees capture of Google Glass or while using the device. The agreement says developers "waive any moral rights you have and agree not to exercise them," essentially meaning Google will have ownership of the copyrights over any Glass-related intellectual property attendees create at the event. Software, however, is covered by a separate developer's agreement.
While most developers would probably not risk being cut off from Project Glass by revealing anything about the conference, there's still hope. Check out this clause:
Google warns participants not to use Glass while driving, biking, using sharp objects, or playing sports, and to use caution while walking and crossing streets. If they have any concern about the safety of using Glass, Google asks participants to stop using them and return them immediately.
That strongly implies attendees will be able to use their headsets "in the wild" and may even be able to keep them after the conference is over. You may see photos of various developers playing with Project Glass headsets around Google's offices in NYC and SF appearing on Twitter and Facebook next week.
How interested are you in Google Glass, and what do you hope developers do with it? Let us know in the comments.
Photo by Pete Pachal, Mashable
Topics: Dev & Design, Gadgets, Google, Google Glass, Tech


I Got Issues... You Got 'em Too — Patricia Flores, M.S.
Obsessed. This is one of those songs that came on the radio and the first time I heard it I got excited and turned the volume up. As a counselor I resonated with the emotional tone right away, and it brought up rich imagery of how it feels to be in relationship when you struggle with "issues."
Knowing the reality of codependent relationships and the reality of domestic violence, clearly the lyrics in this song could be taken to be pretty effed up. I haven't done a search online yet, but I'm assuming that there are plenty of blog posts about how twisted and unhealthy the lyrics are. I choose to believe that Julia is singing about a healthy relationship where she and her partner are working on their issues together in a conscious manner to reach a deeper unified state.
A codependent woman singing about her delusional fantasy relationship? Sometimes that's the case. It's just as easy to believe in a real love as Julia Michaels sings, and I find myself rooting for the couple in her lyrics. I picture them as a conscious couple choosing to do the deep work together, seeking both individual and couple therapy in the process. I find the love they share to be incredibly beautiful because it's possible to experience very deep healing in relationship.
The theory goes that when we meet and fall in love, the person we choose has more or less the same level of personal development. Therefore whatever issues you have to work on, your partner will have about the same amount of past pain or trauma to process. After the honeymoon phase the underlying problems rise to the surface and you begin to see yourself displayed in your partner as a mirror.
The line about not judging your partner is key. If you judge your partner for their "issues" then you are going to go into defensive or attacking mode, which is an unconscious expression of your fight or flight response. The prefrontal cortex is not online and you are not making compassionate or wise choices. The blood leaves the parts of your brain that know how to safely connect. This is what happens when we lose control and have cyclical fights and arguments. Nonjudgement is essential to a healthy relationship.
Staying conscious in relationship takes work. It's a slow process to re-wire your brain and have the capacity to consciously engage the parasympathetic nervous system to stay relaxed and engage in connection. Over time it becomes easier, and you're closer to superhuman status. In the meantime, repair is paramount. When you "lose it," when your issues come to the surface or you react to your partner, step away to calm down and then come back to reconnect. Apologize. Own your mistake. Ask what you can do to make it better.
My favorite line is repeated in the chorus "We got the kind of love it takes to solve 'em" - this faith in their shared love to survive the pain and get through to the other side is a profound testament to her resilience and commitment to healing through relationship. Faith, trust and hope are necessary ingredients to a fulfilling and wholehearted life. Again, I'm choosing to believe her partner is in this with her and it is a conscious relationship working towards mutual growth and understanding. If he's not on board then yes, it's sadly a codependent illusion and there is no real connection. I maintain that healthy skeptic inside of me, but for the most part I indulge in the joy of believing people and seeing evidence of goodness in the world.


Welcoming a new little one into the world is always cause for a celebration. Here are a few ideas of activities you could do at a baby shower that are not only fun, but functional.
This is such a fun idea, however, not everyone is artistically inclined and can wield a bottle of puff paint into a wearable masterpiece. I happen to be that mom that feels guilt if I don't use or dress my child in something someone gives me, with that said I personally had a hard time trying to make a lovely onesie for a petite that she could wear out in public when fabric markers and puff paint were my only option. I still love the idea of decorating onesies, just maybe a different version. Another reason this is such a cute shower activity, is because it's an incredibly cute decoration to hang on a string with small clothes pins holding up the onesies before they are decorated and after.
You can choose just about any image that you would like to use and print it our and blow it up to the size you want. Then just have the images cut out and ready to go at the party, I would say one for each guest and maybe a few extra images. Here are some examples of images that might be helpful or fun.
1. Print images on heavy cardstock and cut out.
Ta-da, a lovely onesie for the petite.
If you are thinking your guests, might prefer to just iron on pre-made cuteness, then you're in luck, check here and here for already put together packages.
A good friend and I made a huge box full of hair clips for a little petite a few years ago and in the process decided it was so much fun that we ended up making some for our petites too. This is a quick and easy fun activity. If you can cut and glue you're on your way to cute hair clips.
Pretty minimal if you ask me. What is so much fun is seeing all of the creations people can come up with, little bow and flowers, or just plain wrap around designs. The options are endless, you can make them as frilly or classic as you like.
I like these two activities because the end products are cute and functional, but more so because everyone no matter their level craftiness will be able to participate in making the new petite something special.


Tension rings give the illusion that the center diamond is floating or suspended in mid-air. The diamond is actually secured in place by the force of the band which presses against the center diamond. Only a few talented craftsmen are able to create a quality tension ring setting. You should also know that there are matching tension ring wedding bands available. This will make your tension set engagement ring a complete engagement and wedding band set with the style and elegance that only a tension ring can bring. Tension rings are becoming more popular with the ability to select your diamond from thousands of certified diamonds at Novori Jewelry. This also makes tension set rings more affordable than ever.
Tensions rings are among the safest pieces of jewelry available. The pressure mounting technique secures the diamond even tighter than those in a typical four-prong setting. At Novori, our quality and workmanship is backed up with our lifetime warranty.


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Q: Why do some PCBs have the courtyard in the silkscreen layer? I've seen quite a lot of PCBs which have the passive components outlined all the way in their silkscreen.
Something like this:

Here there is an outline around each passive which goes (almost) all the way around, and seems to be sized exactly the same as the courtyard - the lines for components placed side by side overlap.
This style is apparently very common in high-volume stuff designed and mass produced in China - in this case a Bluetooth module, but I've seen lots of other boards which are the same.
Why is the silkscreen done in this way?
Is there a functional reason for it? Is there some way it makes assembly or inspection easier at volume?

A: Silkscreen borders make the PCB layout easily readable by humans. They are not useful for automated PCB population or AOI.
Modules for electronics enthusiasts need to have readable PCB layouts because a lot of eyes will be looking at those PCBs. Mass-produced PCBs in finished products which are not intended to be serviceable often have little silkscreen, sometimes only identification codes.

A: The courtyard and the silkscreen are different things.
The silkscreen is visible on the board, the courtyard is a design concept and visible only in the PCB Design Application.
Generally the silkscreen outline is slightly smaller than the courtyard outline.  Courtyards can touch each other, so if the silk outline would be the same, two resistors would have a shared silk line if their courtyards touch.  So the silk line must be a bit on the inside of the courtyard to make sure that there is some space between the silk lines of two different components as you see on boards.
The silk outlines and courtyards are suggested by the IPC-7351C document.  In IPC-7351B the courtyards were rectangular, they can now be "arbitrary" and more closely follow the component's outline.   The silk outline for resistors, diodes and capacitors are not rectangular either.
Below you can see a detail of one of my boards.  I haven't updated the outlines of all my components yet - the lines in blue are the silkscreen lines, the lines in grey are the courtyards.  You can confirm that this is inline with my explications above.

Ben Voigt's remark caused me to look in more detail. The picture has some cases where the shared lines are larger (around the crystal) and other cases where the lines are smaller (between the columns on the far right).
So it seems that the designer may have done one or more of the following:

*

*Not use courtyards and only had silk lines, using them as some kind of courtyard;

*Not respect design rules if he did have actual courtyards.

*Had overlapping "courtyards" (for the cases where the silk line are smaller) - and this resulted in the production files being automatically adjusted to avoid having silk on the pads (these adjustments may be made by the PCB design tool, and are in my experience also applied by the manufacturer).

A: Picture the workflow for initial prototypes on a long string of resistors like on that board.  If not for the outline, you'd be forced to start at one end and proceed to the other, or risk getting off by half a component.

A: I do this all the time, the main reason being it allows a nicer visual appearance. The other nice thing about it is it enables a PCB designer to space components with minimum width between them.
Space can be a major factor on many PCB designs, nothing the minimum width can dance space (and make the design smaller)

A: Makes visual inspection of correct component placement easier to spot. Or to identify missing components.  For example, I see two sets of pads with no components installed.