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Teen Suspect Arrested for Anti-Semitic Vandalism in Ottawa
A teenage boy has been arrested in connection with several anti-Semitic and racist acts of vandalism that occurred in Ottawa. The arrest was confirmed by Ottawa police chief Charles Bordeleau on Saturday in a local synagogue that had been victimized during a solidarity event and prayer service. The teen appeared in court on Saturday and…
By JTA Nov 20, 2016 | < 1 min read
Ottawa Synagogue Hit by Swastikas in City's Second Anti-Semitic Incident This Week
For the second time in a week, anti-Semitic defacement has hit Ottawa, after a Modern Orthodox synagogue was tagged with swastikas, according to the Thursday story from the Canadian Broadcasting Company. "I think that this is far more than just regular graffiti vandalism," Rabbi Idan Scher, spiritual leader of the Machzikei Hadas Modern Orthodox synagogue….
By Daniel J. Solomon Nov 17, 2016 | 2 min read
Canadian Jewish Institutions Ramp Up Security After Terror Attacks
Canadian Jewish institutions are stepping up security after the murder of two Canadian soldiers by homegrown pro-jihadist terrorists. While it is not clear whether the two attacks, which included a shooting at the Parliament in the nation's capital, were related, they have shaken a country that has experienced few acts of terrorism and has often…
By JTA Oct 23, 2014 | < 1 min read
How Not To Respond to the Ottawa Shootings
Shootings in Canadian Parliament captured on film / YouTube As I write this while at home in central Ottawa, my husband is in lockdown at work and my kids are being kept indoors all day in their secured school. Ottawa residents joined by onlookers the world over are still trying to piece together today's events,…
By Mira Sucharov Oct 22, 2014 | 3 min read
Is This Palestinian Show 'Art' — or Propaganda?
An image from the "Invisible" exhibit in Ottawa, Canada / Mira Sucharov An art exhibit in a quiet gallery inside Ottawa's City Hall has caused an international stir. Accusing the exhibit of "glorifying terror," the Israeli ambassador to Canada met with the mayor to express his concerns. And dubbing it a "monument to terror" and…
By Mira Sucharov Jun 4, 2014 | 4 min read
Ottawa Won't Shut Down Palestinian Art Show in Canada Capital City Hall
The City of Ottawa will not close an art exhibit denounced as a glorification of terror by Israel's embassy and the local Jewish community. "Invisible," the creation of Toronto-based Palestinian artist Rehab Nazzal, focuses on "Palestine … and its military occupation by Israel," according to a gallery brochure. The exhibit, which is scheduled to end…
By JTA May 27, 2014 | 2 min read
Baghdad Ranked 'Worst City in World' to Live In
Boy aims toy gun at wreckage of a Baghdad car bombing, one of 9 across Iraq that killed 14 on March 5. And that wasn't Iraq's worst day in March. / Getty Images Mission Accomplished: Just in time for the 11th anniversary of America's war to liberate Iraq, a leading global business consulting firm comes…
By J.J. Goldberg Mar 24, 2014 | 2 min read
Student Groups Boycott Sabra Hummus at Canadian University
Pro-Palestinian student groups at the University of Ottawa have launched a campaign to ban Sabra hummus from campus. Sabra is partly owned by the Strauss Group, a foods manufacturer that the students allege financially supports the Golani Brigade of the Israeli Defense Forces, according to The New York Times. The students say the Golani Brigade…
By JTA Mar 9, 2014 | < 1 min read
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McCarthy defends Greene's appointment to COVID-19 panel despite past Nazi analogy
By Jacob Kornbluh Jan 29, 2023 | 2 min read
When a Molotov cocktail thrown at your synagogue scrambles your Sunday
By Jodi Rudoren Jan 29, 2023 | 5 min read


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Security glitch exposes OS X account passwords
Written by Daniel
Posted by Declan McCullagh, February 28, 2008 10:00 AM PST
C/Net News
Apple has confirmed a security glitch that, in many situations, will let someone with physical access to a Macintosh computer gain access to the password of the active user account.
The vulnerability arises out of a programming error that stores the account password in the computer's memory long after it's needed, meaning it can be retrieved and used to log into the computer and impersonate the user.
"This is a real problem and it needs to be fixed," said Jacob Appelbaum, a San Francisco-area programmer who discovered the vulnerability and reported it to Apple. He said he disagreed with the company's response: "They won't put it in the latest security update or release a security update just for this issue."
Appelbaum is one of the team of researchers who published a "cold boot" paper last week describing unrelated vulnerabilities in encrypted filesystems, including Apple's FileVault, Windows Vista's BitLocker, and a number of open-source ones.
Unlike the security concerns reported last week, this vulnerability is specific to OS X. It's also more sweeping because it offers--at least in OS X's default configuration--full access to passwords stored in the Keychain, which can include passwords to wireless networks, Web sites, accounts accessed via SSH, network-mounted volumes, and so on.
Apple spokesman Anuj Nayar told me: "We're aware of this locally exploitable vulnerability, and we're working to fix it in an upcoming software update. While no operating system can be 100 percent immune, Apple has a great track record of addressing potential vulnerabilities before they can affect users."
The security glitch works like this: The OS X subsystem that asks for a username and password to log into an account is, reasonably enough, called loginwindow.app. In the default configuration, the account password unlocks the user's keychain and the encrypted FileVault volume (if one is in use).
But instead of immediately erasing the password from memory once the unlocking process is complete, OS X keeps it around. That means someone with physical access to the computer can use multiple methods to extract the contents of the computer's DRAM chips.
Last week's paper described some of those techniques. They include: plugging an iPod into a Firewire port to extract the contents of memory, rebooting the computer and running a memory-extractor over the network or from removable media, or physically ripping out the DRAM chips and inserting them into another computer. (Setting a firmware password can guard against the rebooting-attack threat.)
Turning off your computer and waiting a minute or more protects you from this attack by giving the contents of DRAM time to decay.
Although it's possible that the password stays in RAM even after the user logs out--which would be even more dangerous--Appelbaum hasn't tested that theory. [C/Net news...] [Comments...]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


That would have been a fine conclusion, but is completely different from their conclusion that "summertime atmospheric circulation" may have contributed as much as 60% to the September sea-ice extent decline since 1979.
It's not "summertime atmospheric circulation" that caused it; it is "summertime climate change (with ALL the variables, including temperature) being the cause. And with AGW being real, we know that temperature for one is NOT a natural variability variable.
So Ding et al 2017 made the ASSUMPTION that the temperature TREND in the Arctic is part of natural variability and they base their conclusions on that.
Needless to say that that assumption (in a warming world) is quite preposterous, and I wonder what the authors were thinking when they drew their conclusions.
And Rob, since you asked this question "I wonder what the authors were thinking when they drew their conclusions(?)", my answer is that they already had the preposterous claim that the disappearance of sea ice is up to 50% due to natural variability in mind, and just found the models and performed the simulations (which they call "experiments") that would somehow support their a priori conclusion.
And Rob, since you asked this question "I wonder what the authors were thinking when they drew their conclusions(?)", my answer is that they already had the preposterous claim that the disappearance of sea ice is mostly due to natural variability in mind, and just found the models and performed the simulations (which they call "experiments") that would somehow justify their a priori conclusion.
AndrewB - did you bother to read Eric Steig's comment at Stoat's? What is with this constant character assassination of climate scientists in these threads lately? I feel like I'm at WUWT.
So, we have a peer-reviewed paper by a plethora of well-respected and leading climate scientists that challenge your beliefs. OTOH we have a few paragraphs by a non-scientist on a blog. Occam's razor would lead you to believe the non-scientist's blog post is correct. Good grief, Charlie Brown.
Careful how you apply that razor - it may be cutting things you want to keep. You've used an ad hominem argument against an ad hominem statement.
Criticism from non-professionals is still relevant when well founded. The correct take on this should be, how well supported is the critique, and does it raise reasonable questions?
Pertinent to the first statement - a conclusion against paradigm does not necessarily establish any fact regarding the person (s) making it. Who wrote a paper is fairly irrelevant. What is relevant is its content.
That is what should be under discussion, not personalities.
Yep. I agree with jdallen. Who wrote it or on what medium does not matter. The only thing that matter is the content. Most of the content of the paper in question is scientifically valid but there are large claims whose validity was not demonstrated but assumed.
Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence. Claiming that atmospheric variation is natural is an extraordinary claim. Common sense dictates that there are both natural and anthropogenic elements to atmospheric variation. Good science would quantify how much of the atmospheric variation is anthropogenic and how much is natural.Then they can make correct attributions.
Looks to mirror the overall pattern for extent loss. A faster period after 2000, and then a slower period in the last 5 or so years.
I think there is more to it that meets the ice. The first image is that of maximum volume and minimum volume. I would call to your attention that for 2017 the record max volume is very likely to be quite a bit lower than the record minimum. If that comes true that reinforces the downward trend.
I would agree with you that after 2007 something changed.
I took Max Volume - Min Volume as the volume lost in a year and Min Volume - Max Volume of the following year as the volume gained in a year. Those are the 2nd and 3rd charts.
I think the most interesting of those graphs is the volume gain, which shows a side effect of the phenomenon you and Tamino are pointing at. After 2007 the arctic started creating much more ice every year than before.
Both the average and median after 2007 are higher than the max before 2007 with twice as much variance. Something certainly changed. The Arctic is making much more ice than before because there is a lot less old ice. That making of ice is what Tamino, the slow transition and others are pointing at as the savior of the ice.
But here is the thing. The more ice the arctic makes each year the higher temperatures become. The more ice the arctic makes the more fdd's go into making ice instead of showing up as a colder atmosphere. The inevitable result of higher temperatures is that less ice is made. Heat keeps being added to the system due to CO2, lower albedo for longer and changes in the atmospheric current that bring even more water into the system. This is likely to get worse before it gets better.
Which brings me back to Ding et al. Did they rule out whether causation goes the other way? Changes in the ice causes changes in the atmospheric circulations?
my answer is that they already had the preposterous claim that the disappearance of sea ice is mostly due to natural variability in mind, and just found the models and performed the simulations (which they call "experiments") that would somehow justify their a priori conclusion.
responsible for about 30–50% of the overall decline in September sea ice since 1979.
Claiming that atmospheric variation is natural is an extraordinary claim. Common sense dictates that there are both natural and anthropogenic elements to atmospheric variation. Good science would quantify how much of the atmospheric variation is anthropogenic and how much is natural.Then they can make correct attributions.
(1) about 60% of the September Arctic sea-ice extent decline since 1979 is caused by trends in summertime atmospheric circulation.
(2) about 70% of those atmospheric circulation trends is caused by internal variability (and hence the remaining 30% is anthropogenic).
September is due to internal variability.
So when can we expect this natural variability to flip back again and see a reduction in the rate of Arctic sea ice loss?
guess we will just have to . . .wait. . .and. . .see. . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . .. .. . .
You are misrepresenting the Ding et al. paper. They never claimed that the disappearance of sea ice is mostly due to natural variability.
Our experiments indicate that the circulation trend may have contributed as much as 60% to the decline of the September sea ice extent minimum since 1979.
The forcing of the summer sea ice by the trends in large-scale circulation, which are likely due mostly to natural variability, represents an important driver of the observed Arctic climate change.
That last phrase was completely removed in the published version of the paper.
at times it's trouble some to discuss things that seem obvious just because there are people how try to stand out by opposing anything that is based on common sense and try to land a lucky punch that way with a chance to boost their carrier. it wouldn't matter so much if it would not cost us time and energy that would be essential to be used to find solutions, workarounds and damage minimization instead of fighting the trolls.
i' know it's bold and somehow not correct to say so but i think there always is a point where certain discussions and/or doubts should simply be banned due to be provenly wrong.
this what we are facing here is obviously mainly man-made and any energy that goes into convincing the always yesterday people should be gathered for productive thoughs and action instead.
Second, to estimate the anthropogenic contribution to the observed warming and sea ice reduction in the Arctic, two additional experiments are conducted. Exp-7 and 8 are equivalent to the Exp-2 but we remove the effects of global warming on the high latitude winds, which are used to constrain the model in Exp-2 .
I would love to see how they define the "effects of global warming". Is it just CO2 and Methane or are albedo changes, glacier changes, sea temperature changes or any secondary effect of CO2 induced warming included? What about non GHG human forcings like deforestation, industrial gases, heat island effects, air travel, do they account for those?
Same as Exp-2, except that ECHAM5 is nudged to a modified observed wind patterns in which the long term trends of simulated winds (zonal and meridional winds) in the ensemble mean (26 members) of CMIP5 during 1979 to 2014 are removed from observation.
So they removed the trends and what remains is the natural variability?
Let's dig deeper, what is experiment 2?
A simple slab? I understand the computational limitations, and I further understand that insight can be gained even with gross simplifications. But if you are going to attribute changes of sea ice I hope that slab is not as simple as it sounds simple.
Because we are interested in the impact of the long-term trend of the observed circulation in our model simulations, and to facilitate our computation efforts, we interpolate observed monthly ERA-I data to daily fields for nudging. We use a very weak damping term to nudge the 3-D (from surface to the top of atmosphere) divergence and vorticity fields of the model to the observed monthly (smoothly interpolated to daily) fields in the last 36 years; this weak damping allows the model to generate its own day-to-day variability but constrains the model to be very close to the observed circulation on monthly and longer time scales. In the lower boundary, we impose climatological SST/sea ice everywhere. Anthropogenic forcings are held constant in this experiment.
I wonder what forcings they include as anthropogenic forcings. I also wonder what they mean by holding them constant.
Well, with 'business as usual' (or just a minor methane burp) we could see global mean wet bulb temperatures cross human body core temperatures for a few days a year. That will tidy up most warm blooded animals, including the chief operators of anthropogenic CO2 emitting systems.
Then, with no further non-natural emissions, we (sorry, 'Gaia', we will be gone) then Gaia is left to break down methane and draw down CO2 by natural processes, until CO2 'flips back again' to pre-Anthropocene levels.
So - when? In a few million years. And of our 'civilisation'? A thin stain in a strata of rocks and a peculiar level of background radiation as 50,000 tonnes of reactor fuel plumed into the atmosphere from 500 out of control nuke power plants whose deceased operators had stopped twiddling the knobs.
Can't remember who wrote it, but when I was a kid I read a science fiction story about a time traveler who came to a sticky end when he went back to find out what happened to the dinosaurs. only to discover that the velociraptors all had guns, and were gearing up for a nuclear war.
Andrew, thank you for guiding me to this thread in ASIF about Ding et al 2017.
I looked in detail at the science of the paper, and discovered that it does not sustain the conclusions. Not at all. There simply is no evidence in the (methods and experiments of the) paper that ANY "internal variability" played ANY role in "the overall decline in September sea ice since 1979" as the paper asserts in the abstract.
From the abstract we read "trends in summertime atmospheric circulation may have contributed as much as 60% to the September sea-ice extent decline since 1979".
However, that is NOT what the paper's methods show.
For starters, in the methods (model experiments) "atmospheric circulation" variable is represented by "geopotential height" over the Arctic summer, specifically Z200 (geopotential height at 200 mb). So the correct conclusion would be "trends in summertime geopotential height may have contributed as much as 60% to the September sea-ice extent decline since 1979".
With that conclusion, you can feel the correlation-versus-causation issue coming up : Arctic temperature increase (due to AGW) may be the cause of or geopotential height increase.
And consequently you can no longer claim that the (up) trend in both variables is a source of "internal variability".
And thus the final conclusion (that "Internal variability dominates the Arctic summer circulation trend and may be responsible for about 30–50% of the overall decline in September sea ice since 1979") no longer holds.
I'd invite anyone here to challenge my findings, but please use the paper's technical information as arguments. If I'm correct, then the paper is scientifically deceiving, and the way in which this deception is done is not unlike what I've seen in papers from Richard Lindzen and Willie Soon.
But since this paper has names like Alex Schweiger and Eric Steig (both of whom I greatly respect) on it, I wonder how much these guys were involved. I hope not much.
In summary : Ding et al 2017 does NOT provide ANY evidence of ANY influence of "internal variability" on Arctic sea ice decline since 1979.
So we are still stuck with the ONE long term cause for Arctic sea ice decline : AGW.
Thank you Rob for your brilliant dissection of the Ding et al paper. We are still waiting for any of the authors to manifest themselves and respond to your sharp criticism or any of the other questions raised by their scientifically questionable and evidence-defying "natural climate variability" attribution for Arctic sea ice decline, here on ASIF or on the Stoat blog comments section.
Meanwhile, 2017 just saw the lowest maximum Arctic sea ice extent on record, 2016 was the third hottest year on record in a row and 1.1C above pre-industrial, and atmospheric CO2 concentration has passed the 405ppm threshold, 125ppm above pre-industrial and probably the highest it has been in over 1 million years. And 25% of the world's corals died last year.
The above criticism is nonsense.
The general circulation model used to perform the experiments (Exps-1 to 4,7 and 8 ) in this study is the ECHAM5 atmospheric general circulation model,with a horizontal resolution of T42 (∼2.8◦latitude ×2.8◦longitude) and 19 vertical levels. In Exps-2, 3, 7 and 8, we coupled the ECHAM5 to a slab ocean in the high latitudes to assess the role of prescribed circulation in driving the SST and sea ice in the Arctic.
They are using an *atmospheric circulation model* to assess atmospheric circulation and only tying it to an ocean module when they want to see the near surface effects on SSTs (top 50 meters). If you believe this is insufficient, then perhaps you should cite from the peer-reviewed literature *why* it is insufficient.
They are using an *atmospheric circulation model* to assess atmospheric circulation and only tying it to an ocean module when they want to see the near surface effects on SSTs (top 50 meters).
Of course they are using an (obsoleted version of an) atmospheric circulation model (ECHAM5). Because they want to show that the decline in Arctic sea ice in September is mostly due to atmospheric circulation variability in the Arctic in June-July-August, which they then attribute to "natural climate variability".
In other words, Ding et al are using the specific model that best supports the conclusion they want to reach.
It may be. This paper is way above me as I do not know the intricacies of the models used, but is so contrarian to everything else I know that I must do what I can to either confirm it or deny it for my own peace of mind. So far the small part I understand from the paper tell me that the "natural variation" claim is BS. Other more knowledgeable members have provided good arguments to confirm that.
I'm sure a simplification of the ocean/atmosphere interaction is sufficient for many applications. But in a paper examining cause and effect of arctic sea ice and a paper that attempts to quantify the attribution of the changes in sea ice using such a simplification is very suspicious.
Basically slander. This belongs on the pages of WUWT.
Zero evidence for,"... they *want* to show...."
Zero evidence for, "using the specific model that best supports the conclusion they want to reach..."
It's really become sad that this forum has degenerated into nothing but an analogue to WUWT comments - just with a different perspective.
The whole forum? Or just one (or a couple) out of 1200+ members?
In this paper we examine the contribution of the atmospheric circulation to Arctic sea ice variability by utilizing an atmospheric general circulation model (ECHAM5) in which the circulation field is nudged to observations.
How sea ice variability and trends can impact the Arctic atmospheric circulation is an area of vigorous research. Studies suggest numerous mechanisms in which sea ice loss modulates the large-scale circulation in the lower troposphere in winter. This paper, instead, focuses on how the high-latitude circulation impacts sea ice.
Ding et al 2017 have blinded me with science (I am not competent to judge their methods) and just leave me trying to decide whether there is truth in their summary.
By Occam's razor, earlier forcasts that predicted climate change as a result of increased CO2 (especially in polar regions) appear to coming true, so extra complicated models with all manner of caveats just serve to confuse (or encourage cherry-picking?) and are not necessary.
As people see it, it will come down to "60% natural variability (+40% human influence?)" versus "human influence" - there is a common factor if it is mentioned!
Unfortunately, I'd say a growing number. And what we also witness is the herd mentality where those who make such asinine statements are not called out by others. I.e., I don't like the paper results either so I won't bother to chastise him for being an idiot about it - or some such logic.
The first rule of Dunning-Kruger is if you think an expert is wrong, you probably don't understand something. Do we want to count the dozens - possibly hundreds - of climate papers the authors of Ding et al have been part of?
Have we forgotten Tietsche et al already? Just because you don't like a result doesn't mean it's incorrect. The paper may be fatally flawed, but if it is it will be much more subtle than anything dreamed up here. The idea that simple errors were missed by the authors or the peer-reviewers is rather hard to swallow given the conclusion.
Actually, I think that is more in keeping with the definition of a prophet (one who only makes predictions which turn out to come to pass), but I have to agree that we ought to pay more attention to those who warned us that CO2 would cause the the air to warm than to those who stir the pot and say it wasn't so much the CO2.
Occam's razor, though stated in several forms, is more along the lines of: don't suggest more entities (causes) than you need to to explain the data.
And here is the word *WANT* AndrewB You said they wanted to reach a certain conclusion. That's scientific fraud. You said they chose the model that would give them the result they *WANTED*.
Go tell these scientists they rigged the results to get the conclusion they wanted.
Do you even recognize these names? Do you know just who it is you're accusing? You're a nut. The analog to the typical commenter at WUWT.
I never wrote "they rigged the results to get the conclusion they wanted." I wrote, and confirm that I meant exactly that, Ding et al chose the models to support the conclusion that they wanted to arrive at.
You are suggesting that they didn't, in other words you are suggesting that they randomly chose some climate models, ran their simulations, and then were collectively surprised to find out that "atmospheric circulation" in the months of June-July-August shows a high correlation with Arctic sea ice extent in September, in their simulation runs.
Funny how I see something entirely different. I see several people taking a stab at the science and trying to get to the bottom of this extraordinary claim.
I can certainly agree that conclusion. I think is a good scientific conclusion with dire implications. However that's where science ends. The authors take the attribution a step further without providing any evidence . They conflate the trends of geopotential heights and winds to "natural variability".
May I recommend that instead of engaging in ad hominems and appeals to authority yourself you explain how values for pressure and wind used in this experiment are free of anthropogenic influence? Maybe answering Neven's question, "when is this cycle turning around?" would yield better results.
Forget about the authors. Let's talk about the content.
How is that substantively different than rigging the results? And you reinforce my point about a conclusion they *wanted* -- but you have zero evidence for either claim, both of which are essentially academic malfeasance or scientific fraud.
Don't worry, Archimid will pat you on the back.
You *don't* know who these authors are, do you? LOL.
Okay, enough now. ktonine has a point that we should try not to imply malfeasance or ignorance on the part of scientists. At the same time this paper was spinned by the people who wrote the press release or whatever, and this was then spinned further by those who have nothing to offer but spin. So, it's understandable that people are upset by this.
Either way, back to content. Or just let this fizzle out, as it doesn't mean all that much in the big picture. But let's not fight over this.
Let's do it buddy, truth is on our side.
No, and I don't care. I only care about the truth in their science. Do you realize that your argument is appeal to authority? That might work with Trump or the WUWT community, but it doesn't work for me. I only care about the message, not the messenger or the medium for the message.
Let's get back to science shall we? Help me get rid of my ignorance. How and why trends in geopotential heights equal "natural variability"?
Okay, enough now. ktonine has a point that we should try not to imply malfeasance or ignorance on the part of scientists.
I agree with malfeasance. However, isn't the purpose of science to eradicate ignorance? It is ok to not know. Science is the mechanism to cure not knowing.
At the same time this paper was spinned by the people who wrote the press release or whatever, and this was then spinned further by those who have nothing to offer but spin. So, it's understandable that people are upset by this.
I couldn't agree more. I think this was blown out a proportions by a malicious use of "natural variation" implying that the reduction of the sea ice is mostly not anthropogenic. Do a search in the document for "natural variation". Is not even there. The 60% attribution to natural variation was the spin the media gave it.
But the document does use language loosely and can very easily be interpreted as what the media portrays.
This will be my last post on this topic, unless meaningful discussion resumes.
I only care about the truth in their science. Do you realize that your argument is appeal to authority? That might work with Trump or the WUWT community, but it doesn't work for me. I only care about the message, not the messenger or the medium for the message.
Dunning - Kruger. If you believe that an expert opinion in a field is the same as a random blog comment, then you are insane.
Regressing the domain-averaged sea-ice anomaly time series against the JJA geopotential height at 200 hPa (Z200) in ERA-I, we find that decreasing sea ice is accompanied by increasing Z200, withmaximum amplitude over Greenland (Supplementary Fig. 1).
These same interrelationships between the trends in the indices of JJA Z200, temperature, water vapour, DLR and September sea-ice concentration are also apparent using detrended indices: an Arctic summer with higher than normal Z200 over Greenland,greater DLR at the surface, and increased low-level water vapour and temperature over the Arctic is followed by negative sea-ice anomalies in September (Fig. 1c); for example, detrended indices of temperature and specific humidity are correlated atr = 0.89; detrended indices of sea-ice concentration and DLR are correlated at r = −0.75. Importantly, the detrended data shows that the summertime anomalies in the indices of near-surface temperature, DLR, and water vapour are simultaneously associated with a common pattern of atmospheric circulation variability (seeFig. 1d–g), and that this circulation pattern is very similar to the circulation pattern that is associated with the sea-ice interannual variability in September (see Fig. 1d–g). These correlation maps also compare well with the p an-Arctic Z200 and surface wind trends inJJA (Fig. 1b), which feature a strong high over northeastern Canada,Greenland, and t he Arctic Ocean.
I suggest you read the paper.
Neven, I am not quite sure what to make of what you just wrote here, so please help me out here.
Are we ignoramuses just supposed to shut up unless we agree with every word in the Ding et al paper?
Should we kowtow every time the name of one of the eleven co-authors is mentioned?
Or should we just go about our own lives, because the Ding et al paper is just an insignificant bit of bad science, not worth spending our precious internet time on?
Do a search in the document for "natural variation". Is not even there. The 60% attribution to natural variation was the spin the media gave it.
Ding et al don't use the expression "natural variation". They use, abundantly and at different times, either "natural variability", "natural climate variability" or "internal variability" to signify non-anthropogenic forcing.
"Internal variability dominates the Arctic summer circulation trend and may be responsible for about 30-50% of the overall decline in September sea ice since 1979."
Sorry Neven, I feel like I must answer this, including the ad hominem.
If you believe that experts are always correct you are also insane. As I said, I judge what I read by the content not by the messenger or medium. I value expert opinion very highly, but not blindly. I also value peer reviewed publications over all other forms of publications.
Importantly, the detrended data shows that the summertime anomalies in the indices of near-surface temperature, DLR, and water vapour are simultaneously associated with a common pattern of atmospheric circulation variability (seeFig. 1d–g), and that this circulation pattern is very similar to the circulation pattern that is associated with the sea-ice interannual variability in September (see Fig. 1d–g).
I do not contend that is false. It makes sense to me and I think it is very bad news. What I contend is that the atmospheric circulation variability is not necesarilly "natural variability". It is natural variability only in that it varied randomly since 1979.
Neven, this time I'm done for real.
I've looked Ding et al. in some detail and in the end came to the conclusion that there is nothing really new or surprising in their experimental results. They simply verify what was already known or suspected.
The issue with their conclusions about natural variation is not with the experiments but with the more fundamental premise that the CMIP5/LENS model ensemble mean represents the actual AGW effect cleaned of natural variation and that any deviation from the model mean is natural variation. If that is the premise, there is nothing surprising in the conclusions.
I know that many consider that premise obviously wrong but it is not quite that simple. Individual model runs do exhibit large deviations from the mean sometimes lasting several years, so it isn't out of the question that what we are seeing in the real world is something similar. On the other hand, declaring an observed deviation from the model mean automatically as natural variation rather than a potential model error seems to me equally unfounded. But then I'm not an expert so what do I know.
So the question really is, are models right or wrong (or perhaps something in between), and I don't think this paper provides much help in answering that.
I quite agree. A couple years ago here on the forum Chris Reynolds and I came to much the same conclusion regarding summer vs winter. Might be in the Slow Transitions topic. Essentially we were able to convince ourselves that the data supported that both winter and summer were contributing to the decline, but that extra warm summers had a very large effect.
2007 is often referred to as the perfect melt season - well, that's natural variability.
PIOMAS reached it's all-time low in 2012 and hasn't returned to that level since. That's natural variability.
The trend is all going in one direction and that's due to AGW, but simply writing off natural variability is ignoring science, the data, and the facts.
The Ding paper unfortunately does not explain in details how the decision to use the models they used came about, nor does it quantify the skill of the models they used, or compare their skill to other models, including sea ice specific models that they fail to mention and did not use.
Models are widely used and a most important tool for research in climate science. Just because the Ding et al paper raises so many questions about the models they used and the conclusion they apparently derived from them, does not in any way invalidate the use of models in climate research.
If the arctic climate were in perfect balance then all of the melt in any given year would be replaced by an equal amount of freeze. We would have a seasonal cycle that wouldn't necessarily be a sine wave, but it would be repeated year after year with equal amplitude minimums and maximums.
The fact that there is overall loss does NOT mean the process is driven by more melt - only that melt exceeds freeze. As I tried to explain, there are 3 possibilities mathematically (assuming the process is thermodynamic and the loss is not due to chaotic variability and the time window open to us just happens to be when the random chaotic features lead to a loss).
If we accept that the loss is a trend, and we know there are only 3 possible explanations, examination of the data tells us which of these possibilities is actually in effect - both melt and freeze are increasing, but melt is on average larger than freeze. But even knowing this does not tell us whether the losses are due to winter or summer processes.
We know that global warming does not just manifest itself in a particular month or season, but that does not mean that it's uniform. Chris is actually asking (I think), Is the Arctic thermal balance more anomalous in winter or summer? Arctic sea ice extent, area and volume anomalies are just indicators of this energy imbalance.
The intuitive answer is that the losses are driven by summer melt processes. The data seems to bear intuition out: The correlations between the preceding winter and summer melt are very low. The correlations between melt and the following freeze are significant (though barely at 95% and with a small sample size).
BUT .... arctic winter warming is 4 times larger than summer warming! Hmmm .... back to the drawing board.
A consistent story has to mesh with all the facts. The fact that winter warming is greater than summer warming in the Arctic is not, on its face, consistent with an explanation that says summer processes are responsible for the ice losses.
In looking for a freeze-melt correlation - and finding none - I believed the preceding winter's volume gain told us little about the summer melt losses. This may be misleading. Just because it's true doesn't actually prove anything. What if volume gain isn't a particularly significant attribute of winter?
In fact, after a couple days reflection I believe that is actually the case - that volume gain per PIOMAS tells us very little about winter. Arctic temperatures historically on average fall to -45 C°. That's far lower than necessary to create ice. There is also a thermodynamic limit to how thick sea ice can grow over the winter. So a 5 C° warming during winter may not lead to any less ice, but it will lead to more summer losses - since less energy is needed to raise the ice temperature to the melting point.
Take a look at the Interpolated surface OLR for February 2013 and compare it to previous Februarys. One has to go back to at least 2004 to find anything similar. Probably 2002 or earlier. It's also pretty easy to show that the February OLR plots are very closely related to the summer losses. Rank them in order just by visual appearance and you'll come out very close to the same order as the actual losses.
In summary, the fact that PIOMAS volume gains for the preceding winter do not correlate to summer losses is probably misleading. We used this lack of correlation to prove to ourselves that winter didn't determine summer losses - but the lack of correlation only tells us that volume gain is not correlated to summer losses, not winter in general.
The winter OLR plots, particularly January and February, tell a different story. The OLR plots should be a rough proxy for ice temperature. And there's a huge energy difference between melting ice that might be at -40 C° as opposed to ice that might be 'only' -30 C°.
I fully agree. Models are really our only chance of separating trend from natural variation in recent events. We do not have multiple earths or an ability to rerun history or to see in the future. And models are remarkably skillful and getting better all the time. I'm eagerly waiting results from the next generation of models.
However, arctic is probably the most difficult place on earth to model because of ice and snow, the large temperature differences and the complex geography.
I agree. The Arctic is particularly difficult to model, as you say because of ice, snow, the ocean, the temperature range, the geography, the huge scale and numerous feedbacks and how all these interact. It's a complex system with a lot of chaos.
Your criticism is absurd. That Notz et al. paper was still undergoing peer review when Ding et al. was submitted.
Notz et al. paper in its final revised form was published on 23 September 2016.
Ding et al. paper was submitted on 26 July 2016.
Steven, the Notz paper was submitted on 29 March 2016, four months before the Ding et al paper was submitted. With 11 co-authors, you would expect at least one among Ding et al. would have been aware of the Notz et al paper about the Sea-Ice Model Intercomparison Project (SIMIP), or at least about the SIMIP project itself, which exists since late 2015/early 2016 as far as I can tell. The climate model community is not that large.
Also, check where Notz works and where Ding et al got the ECHAM5 model from.
How do you mention a paper that hasn't even been published yet?
AndrewB, you've made your point. Now don't reiterate it constantly by nitpicking details. Thanks.
And don't tell people to go and do this or that.
You are welcome, Neven. Keep up the good work.
I realized that my previous post I was not clear enough about the science to be convincing.
So let me try again, this time pointing out exactly what is wrong with the conclusions of Ding et al 2017.
First of all, what does Ding et al claim.
Here, we present evidence that trends in summertime atmospheric circulation may have contributed as much as 60% to the September sea-ice extent decline since 1979.
In my previous post, I noted that Ding et al uses "GL-Z200" (geopotential height at 200 mb, over Greenland) as their metric for "atmospheric circulation" over the Arctic.
Here, we present evidence that trends in summertime geopotential height may have contributed as much as 60% to the September sea-ice extent decline since 1979.
Now, this should raise some eyebrows here and there, since geopotential height is clearly directly correlated with temperature. If the temperature goes up, so does geopotential height.
In fact, the ideal gas law (PV=nRT) DICTATES that geopotential height goes up with temperature.
Which is sustained in the ERA data set, where Ding et al itself reports that there is a R=0.94 correlation between geopotential height and temperature.
So AGW, which is certainly a part (if not all) of the trend in temperature over the Arctic is certainly also a part (if not all) of the trend in geopotential height.
And thus Ding et al 2017 can no longer claim that the Z200 trend (which they call "atmospheric circulation trend") is a source of "internal variability".
The even bigger problem with the paper is in which they determined the influence of "atmospheric circulation" (oops, I mean geopotential height) on Arctic sea ice decline.
If you want to investigate that influence with a sea ice/climate model, you would run the model with the ERA climate parameters, and compare it with a run that has geopotential height adjusted (subtract the geopotential height anomalies from the ERA data).
But that is not what Ding et al did.
They adjusted ALL variables (geopotential height, temperature, moisture content, downwelling LW radiation etc), essentially making the 'climate' constant.
where B represents a forcing field (for example, 10 m zonal wind, DLR, temperature, and so on), x and y indicate the location, t indicates time (JJA), Z200 GL is the Greenland Z200 index (GL-Z200 in Fig. 1c), and β is the regression coefficient. In the second step, the seasonal mean anomalous value of each forcing field is subtracted from the observed daily (or 6-hourly) forcing data during the summer—rendering a modified forcing that does not include variability or trends in variables that are asso ciated with Z200 GL. In the nine non-summer months, the forcing is exactly the same as that used in the Exp-5 control experiment. Given a strong correlation between circulation and surface winds, temperature, specific humidity, sea-level pressure, and downwelling long wave radiation in the Arctic, variability and trends in these six variables that are associated with Z200 GL are processed and removed from the forcing. The initial states of ocean, sea ice and atmosphere in Exp-5 and Exp-6 are exactly the same.
I highlighted in bold the section that describes that indeed they adjusted ALL variables to the extent that they linearly associate with Z200 GL. And because the correlation between all these variables and Z200 is very high (see figure 1c in the paper), they effectively eliminated ALL trends in ALL variables from their Exp-6 run, which means they effectively made the climate constant in that run.
Since the climate did not change in that run, they obtained a much lower ice melt rate.
Here, we present evidence that trends in summertime climate change may have contributed as much as 60% to the September sea-ice extent decline since 1979.
60% of Arctic sea ice reduction is caused by summer-time climate change, while 40% is caused by climate change over the remaining 9 months.
Which is an interesting conclusion, but as you can see it has NOTHING to do with ANY sort of "natural variability", so Ding et al cannot use it in their variability conclusion either.
You can still choose not to believe that this paper is seriously flawed, but you can no longer claim that you did not know.


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Ciarán Hinds (ur. 9 lutego 1953 w Belfaście) – irlandzki aktor teatralny, radiowy, telewizyjny i filmowy.

Życiorys

Wczesne lata
Urodził się w Belfaście w Irlandii Północnej, w rodzinie katolickiej jako jednno z pięciorga dzieci Moyi Hinds, amatorskiej aktorki, i Gerry'ego Hindsa, lekarza i  nauczyciela. Wychowywał się z czterema siostrami: Caitrioną, Bronagh, Gerardine i Moyą. We wczesnych latach zaczął brać lekcje tańca irlandzkiego. Uczęszczał do Holy Family Primary School i St. Malachy's College. Studiował prawo na Queen's University w Belfaście. W 1975 ukończył Royal Academy of Dramatic Art.

Kariera
W 1976 zadebiutował na profesjonalnej scenie Citizens Theatre w Glasgow w przedstawieniu Kopciuszek. Pod koniec lat 70. i połowy lat 80. regularnie występował w różnych produkcjach w Citizens 'Theatre. W Irlandii grał w teatrach: Abbey Theatre, Field Day Theatre Company, Druid Theatre Company, Lyric Players 'Theatre i Project Arts Centre. W 1987 dołączył do obsady produkcji Petera Brooka The Mahabharata jako Ashwattaman. W latach 90. był związany z Royal Shakespeare Company, gdzie wystąpił w Ryszardzie III (1993) w reż. Sama Mendesa, który zwrócił się do Hindsa, by w ostatniej chwili zastąpił kontuzjowanego Simona Russella Beale'a. Za rolę Larry'ego w spektaklu Patricka Marbera Bliżej (Closer) był nominowany do Tony Award oraz otrzymał Theatre World Award za "Najlepszy debiut w Nowym Jorku" i Outer Critics Circle Award za "Specjalne osiągnięcie - Najlepsza obsada zespołu".

W serialu The Terror (2017) wystąpił jako sir John Franklin.

Życie prywatne
Z narodowości jest Irlandczykiem, co w jednym z wywiadów podkreślił stwierdzeniem: "moja dusza wciąż jest irlandzka".

Zamieszkał w Paryżu z Hélène Patarot, którą poznał w 1987 podczas obsady przedstawienia Petera Brooka The Mahabharata. Mają córkę Aoife (ur. 1991).

Hinds jest przyjacielem Liama Neesona i służył jako opiekun na pogrzebie żony Neesona, aktorki Natashy Richardson, w północnej części stanu Nowy Jork w 2009.

Filmografia

Przypisy

Linki zewnętrzne

Irlandzcy aktorzy filmowi
Irlandzcy aktorzy teatralni
Irlandzcy aktorzy telewizyjni
Irlandzcy aktorzy głosowi
Absolwenci Royal Academy of Dramatic Art
Ludzie urodzeni w Belfaście
Urodzeni w 1953

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Quick Start
===========

Create a ``composer.json`` file:

.. code-block:: js

    {
        "require-dev": {
            "phpspec/phpspec": "~2.0"
        },
        "config": {
            "bin-dir": "bin"
        },
        "autoload": {"psr-0": {"": "src"}}
    }

Follow the instructions on this page to install composer: `<https://getcomposer.org/download/>`_.

Install **phpspec** with composer:

.. code-block:: bash

    php composer.phar install

Start writing specs:

.. code-block:: bash

    bin/phpspec desc Acme/Calculator

Learn more from :doc:`the documentation <manual/introduction>`.

.. toctree::
   :hidden:
   :maxdepth: 1

   manual/introduction
   manual/installation
   manual/getting-started
   manual/prophet-objects
   manual/let-and-letgo

.. toctree::
   :hidden:
   :maxdepth: 1

   cookbook/configuration
   cookbook/console
   cookbook/construction
   cookbook/matchers
   cookbook/templates
   cookbook/extensions
   cookbook/wrapped-objects

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Judge Denies Habeas Petition of Afghan Shopkeeper at Guantánamo
On Friday September 3, in the District Court in Washington D.C., Judge John D. Bates handed another victory to the government in its ongoing effort to continue holding insignificant prisoners at Guantánamo, when he denied the habeas corpus petition of Shawali Khan, an Afghan prisoner. Khan was accused of providing assistance to members of Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin (HIG), an anti-US militia headed by the Afghan warlord Gulbuddin Hekmatyar (who, ironically, had received the lion's share of US funding as a leader of the Afghan resistance to the Soviet occupation in the 1980s, which was channeled to him by the Pakistani authorities who championed his cause).
19 Afghans are still held in Guantánamo, following the release of around 200 others over the last eight years, and Friday's ruling was the first in the case of an Afghan, and the 16th victory for the government, in the two years since the first habeas ruling took place. The ruling was part of a process that has, to date, resulted in judges granting a significantly larger number of petitions. 38 prisoners have won their habeas petitions, although, as the Obama administration seems to delight in dragging its heels, or appealing successful petitions, 13 of these 38 men are still held, and a 14th recently had his successful petition reversed on appeal.
Judge Bates' unclassified opinion has not yet been released, so it is impossible at present to know what evidence he relied on to make his judgment, but the decision is particularly shocking because, last year, after reviewing the classified evidence against Khan, Judge Bates declared that all of the allegations came from reports containing "multiple levels of hearsay," that "all of the information contained in the reports could come from a single individual," and that "no source is identified by name."
This alone made the government's case look flimsy, but it is not the only reason to doubt the outcome of Friday's ruling. Over the last two years, Khan's attorney, Len Goodman, a lawyer in Chicago, has pieced together his client's story, and has also conducted research in Afghanistan to establish that he was not involved in insurgent activities against US forces.
The story of Shawali Khan, a shopkeeper from Kandahar
Goodman agreed to represent Shawali Khan in mid-2007. However, because it takes at least six months for attorneys or translators to receive security clearance to visit Guantánamo, he was not cleared to visit Khan until the summer of 2008. His first visit to his client took place in the fall of 2008. Goodman described Khan as "a small man with sad eyes … who comes from a small farming village near Kandahar, Afghanistan," and is now in his mid-40s. Over the course of his visits he established Khan's story, describing it in an article in the US magazine In These Times (in September 2009) and also in an article on his website last month.
As Goodman explained, "In 2000, there had been a drought on the farm and Khan had moved with his father and brother to Kandahar City where they opened a shop selling petrol products. When US forces invaded Afghanistan in 2001, Khan continued to run his oil shop and even worked, for a short time, for the Karzai government as a driver."
However, on November 13, 2002, while riding his motorcycle from his home to the market, he was seized by Afghans working for Gul Agha Sherzai, the US-backed governor of Kandahar, who had assisted US forces in seizing Kandahar from the Taliban in November 2001, but had then established a regime that was noted for its corruption. According to Goodman, the men who seized Khan told US officials that he was "a terrorist, plotting against US interests in and around Kandahar." He added, "It is almost certain that the US paid a bounty to Khan's captors but this cannot be confirmed because, while the US admits paying large cash bounties to warlords who turned in 'al-Qaeda and Taliban fighters,' it has refused to release any of these files."
Goodman also explained that, "around the time of his capture, one or more Afghan informants told US intelligence officials in Kandahar that Khan was an active member of a local insurgent group that was plotting to bomb Americans in and around the Kandahar region." However, "The US intelligence officer did not bother to record the informant's name or whether he was paid a bounty. Nor did he inquire how the informant acquired his information or whether the informant is a credible person or a criminal. Nor did the official attempt to corroborate the allegations against Khan before sending him off to the newly built prison at Guantánamo."
This, sadly, is typical of the Guantánamo cases (and is a pattern that was repeated again and again with the Afghan prisoners at Guantánamo). However, although it is understandable that administrative details can be missed in the heat of war, a more fundamental problem, identified by Goodman, is that US forces repeatedly demonstrated that they had made no attempts whatsoever to ascertain whether their sources were reliable.
In Khan's case, the allegations, as presented in a military review board in September 2005, were that in September 2002 he was directed by HIG commander Zabit Jalil "to carry out a terrorist operation targeted at US military personnel located at Gecko base, Kandahar," that he delivered "a radio-controlled binary detonation device and two blasting caps" to a HIG operative in November 2002, that he tried to purchase rockets in September 2002, that he undertook military and explosives training at a HIG camp in Pakistan, and that after his arrest tanks, rockets and guns were found in his family orchard, and that he was "found with a 50m spool of detonation cord."
As I explained in a profile of Khan last year:
This was a fairly comprehensive list, but the allegations seem to have been based on the fact that Zabit Jalil was his uncle (his mother's brother). Khan denied all knowledge of his uncle's activities. As far as he was concerned, Zabit Jalil worked for the Karzai government, and he told the tribunal that he (Khan) had also worked for the government "for a while" as a driver. In a personal statement, he said, "the Afghans caught me and took me to the Americans. I talked to the Americans and I showed them my house and I showed them my shop. Those Afghan people took my money and my motorcycle and gave me to the Americans." He explained that a list of weapons that was in his possession at the time of his capture was a receipt, given to him by his uncle, because all weapons had to be accounted for to the Karzai government, but he repeatedly denied knowledge of the alleged weapons cache in his orchard. He also said that the Afghans gave him "a hard time" in Kabul, but that the Americans had treated him better. He suggested that "the intelligence people, the reporters, or spies … were capturing everybody to give them to the Americans for money."
As I also explained:
As with many other stories, it would have made sense for the US military to try and contact the Afghan authorities in the Kandahar area, to find out whether Zabit Jalil had in fact been working for the Karzai government, but as usual there is no evidence that any attempt was made to conduct even the most rudimentary investigation of Khan's story.
Khan's attempts to secure justice in a US court, despite being cleared for release on two occasions
After he was seized, Khan was taken by US forces to the prison at Bagram airbase, where, as Goodman described it, "he repeatedly told his interrogators that he and his family had an oil shop in Kandahar and were not enemies of the Americans." Although the interrogators wrote in their reports that Khan "appeared honest," he was sent to Guantánamo in February 2003, where he had to wait for over four years before he was assigned a lawyer. Last month, Len Goodman helpfully summarized Khan's attempts to secure justice via the US courts, in a sequence of events that reveals obstruction on the part of the government, and evident confusion, as he was twice declared cleared for release, but was not actually freed:
By far the most frustrating part about representing a Gitmo detainee is that there is so little lawyers can do for their clients. In June 2008, right after Boumediene [v. Bush, in which the Supreme Court reasserted that the Guantánamo prisoners had habeas corpus rights], I filed a habeas corpus petition in the D.C. District Court demanding an evidentiary hearing and Khan's release. During my first visit in the fall of 2008, I excitedly told Khan about this petition and about the great writ of habeas corpus. Khan informed me that the guards had recently told him that he was cleared for release and would soon be going home to Afghanistan. He had even been visited by representatives of the Red Cross to help prepare him for the journey. This was news to me, but about a year later, the government lawyers finally disclosed that Khan had in fact been cleared for release but that decision had been revoked.
During my second visit, in January 2009, I again told Khan about the virtues of habeas corpus. I explained that his case was pending before a real federal judge and that he would have a real hearing where the government would have to produce real evidence to justify his continued detention (unlike the Mickey Mouse CSRT hearings Khan had already received at Gitmo). I further explained that Khan would have an opportunity to testify at his hearing via video conference. Khan agreed to participate and requested that this hearing be held as soon as possible. I promised to push the judge for the earliest hearing date.
During my next visit in mid-2009, I had to explain to Khan that the Court had granted the government's request for a stay of all habeas proceedings while it conducted a new search through archived intelligence files for additional evidence against Khan. Khan was angry and frustrated. The fact that I shared his frustration did not comfort him.
That fall, the Court finally set Khan's case for a merits hearing. I wrote to Khan to tell him the good news. But then, in December, the government again successfully moved, over my strenuous objection, to stay the merits hearing on the grounds that Khan had again been "cleared for transfer" at some future date unspecified. In January 2010, I visited Khan for the fourth time and delivered the bad news that his hearing had again been postponed. (Shortly after this visit, Khan fired me but then later agreed to let me represent him at his hearing.)
In February 2010, the Court lifted the stay and reset the merits hearing, acknowledging perhaps that the government was merely stalling for time. On May 13, 2010, Khan's hearing commenced, closed to the press and the public.
The government produced no live witnesses at the merits hearing. Instead, it offered classified documents from US intelligence officers reporting that certain unidentified Afghan informants had named Khan as an anti-US insurgent. In response, the defense offered nine sworn declarations from Khan's family and neighbors, all of which refuted the charge that Khan was a terrorist. The defense also presented the live testimony of a professor and expert on Afghan terror groups and the published memoir of a US journalist who had lived in Kandahar during 2002, each of which supported the defense claim that the allegations against Khan were fabricated by bounty hunters.
As Goodman also explained, "The only other detainee at Guantánamo from the Kandahar region was shown Khan's photograph. He told his interrogators that Khan 'was a shopkeeper who sold gasoline in Kandahar' and was not a terrorist."
On May 17, seven and a half years after his capture, Shawali Khan was finally able to tell the court, through a secure and encrypted video link, that "he was a shopkeeper and not a terrorist or enemy of the United States," but his testimony — and the evidence provided by his witnesses — was obviously in vain, because, on Friday, Judge John D. Bates denied his habeas corpus petition, assigning him to endless, ongoing detention at Guantánamo on an apparently legal basis.
Apart from the fact that it remains insupportable that the justification for holding prisoners at Guantánamo — the Authorization for Use of Military Force, passed by Congress the week after the 9/11 attacks — allows prisoners of war to be held at Guantánamo, and not in a prisoner of war camp, with the full protections of the Geneva Conventions, Judge Bates' ruling appears to be unsupported by the facts. Perhaps, as in the case of a Yemeni prisoner last summer, he decided that, although the government's evidence was "gossamer thin," it was sufficient to endorse the ongoing detention of man who had twice been cleared for release — once by a Bush-era military review board, and once by the Obama administration's Guantánamo Review Task Force.
I must admit, however, that this strikes me as unlikely. As someone close to the case explained to me over the weekend, when I asked if there were any compelling reasons to doubt the government's story, "Yes, Shawali Khan's defense team had nine affidavits from his rural village and from Kandahar where he drove for the Karzai government before he supposedly started an HIG cell in an area hundreds of miles from any HIG cells."
Andy Worthington is the author of The Guantánamo Files: The Stories of the 774 Detainees in America's Illegal Prison (published by Pluto Press, distributed by Macmillan in the US, and available from Amazon — click on the following for the US and the UK) and of two other books: Stonehenge: Celebration and Subversion and The Battle of the Beanfield. To receive new articles in your inbox, please subscribe to my RSS feed (and I can also be found on Facebook and Twitter). Also see my definitive Guantánamo prisoner list, updated in July 2010, details about the new documentary film, "Outside the Law: Stories from Guantánamo" (co-directed by Polly Nash and Andy Worthington, currently on tour in the UK, and available on DVD here), and my definitive Guantánamo habeas list, and, if you appreciate my work, feel free to make a donation.
As published exclusively on Cageprisoners. Cross-posted on The Public Record, Free Detainees, Dandelion Salad, Uruknet, Eurasia Review, New Left Project and Fubar and Grill.
For an overview of all the habeas rulings, including links to all my articles, and to the judges' unclassified opinions, see: Guantánamo Habeas Results: The Definitive List. For a sequence of articles dealing with the Guantánamo habeas cases, see: Guantánamo and the Supreme Court: the most important habeas corpus case in modern history and Guantánamo and the Supreme Court: What Happened? (both December 2007), The Supreme Court's Guantánamo ruling: what does it mean? (June 2008), Guantánamo as Alice in Wonderland (Uighurs' first court victory, June 2008), What's Happening with the Guantánamo cases? (July 2008), Government Says Six Years Is Not Long Enough To Prepare Evidence (September 2008), From Guantánamo to the United States: The Story of the Wrongly Imprisoned Uighurs (October 2008), Guantánamo Uyghurs' resettlement prospects skewered by Justice Department lies (October 2008), Guilt By Torture: Binyam Mohamed's Transatlantic Quest for Justice (November 2008), After 7 Years, Judge Orders Release of Guantánamo Kidnap Victims (November 2008), Is Robert Gates Guilty of Perjury in Guantánamo Torture Case? (December 2008), A New Year Message to Barack Obama: Free the Guantánamo Uighurs (January 2009), The Top Ten Judges of 2008 (January 2009), No End in Sight for the "Enemy Combatants" of Guantánamo (January 2009), Judge Orders Release of Guantánamo's Forgotten Child (January 2009), How Cooking For The Taliban Gets You Life In Guantánamo (January 2009), Lies, Damned Lies and Statistics (February 2009), Bad News And Good News For The Guantánamo Uighurs (February 2009), The Nobodies Formerly Known As Enemy Combatants (March 2009), Farce at Guantánamo, as cleared prisoner's habeas petition is denied (April 2009), Obama's First 100 Days: A Start On Guantánamo, But Not Enough (May 2009), Judge Condemns "Mosaic" Of Guantánamo Intelligence, And Unreliable Witnesses (May 2009), Pain At Guantánamo And Paralysis In Government (May 2009), Guantánamo: A Prison Built On Lies (May 2009), Free The Guantánamo Uighurs! (May 2009), Guantánamo And The Courts (Part One): Exposing The Bush Administration's Lies (July 2009), Obama's Failure To Deliver Justice To The Last Tajik In Guantánamo (July 2009), Obama And The Deadline For Closing Guantánamo: It's Worse Than You Think (July 2009), How Judge Huvelle Humiliated The Government In Guantánamo Case (Mohamed Jawad, July 2009), As Judge Orders Release Of Tortured Guantánamo Prisoner, Government Refuses To Concede Defeat (Mohamed Jawad, July 2009), Guantánamo As Hotel California: You Can Check Out Any Time You Like, But You Can Never Leave (August 2009), Judge Orders Release From Guantánamo Of Kuwaiti Charity Worker (August 2009), Guantánamo And The Courts (Part Two): Obama's Shame (August 2009), Guantánamo And The Courts (Part Three): Obama's Continuing Shame (August 2009), No Escape From Guantánamo: The Latest Habeas Rulings (September 2009), First Guantánamo Prisoner To Lose Habeas Hearing Appeals Ruling (September 2009), A Truly Shocking Guantánamo Story: Judge Confirms That An Innocent Man Was Tortured To Make False Confessions (September 2009), 75 Guantánamo Prisoners Cleared For Release; 31 Could Leave Today (September 2009), Resisting Injustice In Guantánamo: The Story Of Fayiz Al-Kandari (October 2009), Justice Department Pointlessly Gags Guantánamo Lawyer (November 2009), Judge Orders Release Of Algerian From Guantánamo (But He's Not Going Anywhere) (November 2009), Innocent Guantánamo Torture Victim Fouad al-Rabiah Is Released In Kuwait (December 2009), What Does It Take To Get Out Of Obama's Guantánamo? (December 2009), "Model Prisoner" at Guantánamo, Tortured in the "Dark Prison," Loses Habeas Corpus Petition (December 2009), Judge Orders Release From Guantánamo Of Unwilling Yemeni Recruit (December 2009), Serious Problems With Obama's Plan To Move Guantánamo To Illinois (December 2009), Appeals Court Extends President's Wartime Powers, Limits Guantánamo Prisoners' Rights (January 2010), Fear and Paranoia as Guantánamo Marks its Eighth Anniversary (January 2010), Rubbing Salt in Guantánamo's Wounds: Task Force Announces Indefinite Detention (January 2010), The Black Hole of Guantánamo (March 2010), Guantánamo Uighurs Back in Legal Limbo (March 2010), Guantánamo and Habeas Corpus: The Torture Victim and the Taliban Recruit (April 2010), An Insignificant Yemeni at Guantánamo Loses His Habeas Petition (April 2010), With Regrets, Judge Allows Indefinite Detention at Guantánamo of a Medic (April 2010), Mohamedou Ould Salahi: How a Judge Demolished the US Government's Al-Qaeda Claims (April 2010), Judge Rules Yemeni's Detention at Guantánamo Based Solely on Torture (April 2010), Why Judges Can't Free Torture Victims from Guantánamo (April 2010), How Binyam Mohamed's Torture Was Revealed in a US Court (May 2010), Guantánamo and Habeas Corpus: Consigning Soldiers to Oblivion (May 2010), Judge Denies Habeas Petition of an Ill and Abused Libyan in Guantánamo (May 2010), Judge Orders Release from Guantánamo of Russian Caught in Abu Zubaydah's Web (May 2010), No Escape from Guantánamo: Uighurs Lose Again in US Court (June 2010), Does Obama Really Know or Care About Who Is at Guantánamo? (June 2010), Guantánamo and Habeas Corpus: 2 Years, 50 Cases, 36 Victories for the Prisoners (June 2010), Obama Thinks About Releasing Innocent Yemenis from Guantánamo (June 2010), Calling for US Accountability on the International Day in Support of Victims of Torture (June 2010), Judge Orders Release from Guantánamo of Yemeni Seized in Iran, Held in Secret CIA Prisons (July 2010), Innocent Student Finally Released from Guantánamo (July 2010), Guantánamo and Habeas Corpus: Prisoners Win 3 out of 4 Cases, But Lose 5 out of 6 in Court of Appeals (Part One) (July 2010), Obama and US Courts Repatriate Algerian from Guantánamo Against His Will; May Be Complicit in Torture (July 2010), In Abu Zubaydah's Case, Court Relies on Propaganda and Lies (July 2010), Guantánamo and Habeas Corpus: Prisoners Win 3 out of 4 Cases, But Lose 5 out of 6 in Court of Appeals (Part Two) (July 2010), Judge Orders Release from Guantánamo of Mentally Ill Yemeni; 2nd Judge Approves Detention of Minor Taliban Recruit (August 2010).
Posted in Afghanistan, Afghans in Guantanamo, Guantanamo, Guantanamo and habeas corpus, Guantanamo and US District Courts/Appeals Courts
Here are a few comments from Facebook:
Susan Trevelyan-Syke wrote:
Whatever happened to the Constitution?
...on September 7th, 2010 at 3:57 pm
This was my reply:
Susan, the Constitution, sadly, went the way of the Geneva Conventions and the anti-torture statute nearly nine years ago …
Willy Bach wrote:
Andy, thanks for this. I despair of these peoples' utter incompetence, even the judge, John D Bates. Look at the harm they are doing too. It is a form of torture to keep changing from telling the detainee they are due for release and then not. Shawali Khan might be wondering if he would get better justice than this in an Afghan village.
I think you are a little generous to say, "although it is understandable that administrative details can be missed in the heat of war". What heat — what war? These US forces were not facing an air force, helicopter gunships, artillery, tanks, white phosphorus, napalm. They are not the ones at war. They are just defending an illegal aggressive occupation against a few insurgents. Sloppy work is inexcusable, but they never expected to have to account for what they did whilst "creating their own reality".
What? They could not even get the informant's name or check their credentials? This shows they were just simply buying bodies for Gitmo so the Bush regime could look as if they were doing a good job of mopping up terrorism and all the simple-minded North Americans could go back to sleep.
Now we can see the results of voting for charismatic leaders. Obama cannot even sort out the mess that Bush made. His is a dismal performance too. Judge Bates' statement will be interesting, won't it!
Willy, I apologize for being charitable at any point in the article. When I was researching the stories of the Afghans at Guantanamo, what struck me most of all was how so many of the cases involved raids by the US military or by Special Forces, based on tip-offs from informers who were never identified, and whose trustworthiness — or lack of it — was never investigated. It was a clear demonstration of the lack of intelligence on the ground during the whole occupation — and I'm sure it's not changed substantially, as reports from Bagram continue to indicate the same process of idiotic raids based on untrustworthy intelligence. Apart from anything else, it indicates to me that the supposed battle for hearts and minds was lost back in 2002, and has never been regained.
Mary Zink wrote:
welcome to world wide fascism coming soon to YOUR neighborhood too
Judge Denies Habeas Petition of Afghan Shopkeeper at Guantánamo « Dandelion Salad says...
[…] Posted on September 8, 2010 by dandelionsalad by Andy Worthington Featured Writer Dandelion Salad http://www.andyworthington.co.uk 8 September, […]
...on September 8th, 2010 at 5:50 am
Habeas Hell: How The Great Writ Was Gutted At Guantánamo « Eurasia Review says...
[…] them released in the next few years, while the foot soldiers, the cook, a medic and a handful of pointessly detained Afghans rot in Guantánamo […]
...on February 25th, 2011 at 1:49 pm
US Injustice Laid Bare, As Afghan In Guantánamo Loses His Habeas Appeal - OpEd says...
[…] instructions to demand little in the way of evidence had filtered down to the lower court. As I explained at the time, Khan, a former farmer, in his 40s, who had traveled with his brother to the city of Kandahar after […]
...on September 24th, 2011 at 8:19 pm
Launching, 3..2..1..: Citizens As "Enemy Combatants" » DebatingChambers says...
[…] The judge [John Bates of the D.C. District] accepted this summary as sufficient corroboration, and denied Khan's habeas petition. [A decision that, of course, was upheld by one of the D.C. Circuit's […]
...on March 13th, 2012 at 11:04 am
freedetainees.org – Four Insignificant Afghan Prisoners Released from Guantánamo says...
[…] Khan, whose habeas petition was denied in September 2010, was a shopkeeper, who seems, quite clearly, to have been falsely portrayed as an insurgent by an […]
...on December 21st, 2014 at 8:22 pm


text:
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text:
Adds an AWS::KinesisFirehose::DeliveryStream.DataFormatConversionConfiguration resource property to the template.
Specifies that you want Kinesis Data Firehose to convert data from the JSON format to the Parquet or ORC format before writing it to Amazon S3.
Kinesis Data Firehose uses the serializer and deserializer that you specify, in addition to the column information from the AWS Glue table, to deserialize your input data from JSON and then serialize it to the Parquet or ORC format.
For more information, see Kinesis Data Firehose Record Format Conversion: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/firehose/latest/dev/record-format-conversion.html.

## SYNTAX

```
Add-VSKinesisFirehoseDeliveryStreamDataFormatConversionConfiguration [-Enabled] <Object>
 [-InputFormatConfiguration] <Object> [-OutputFormatConfiguration] <Object> [-SchemaConfiguration] <Object>
 [<CommonParameters>]
```

## DESCRIPTION
Adds an AWS::KinesisFirehose::DeliveryStream.DataFormatConversionConfiguration resource property to the template.
Specifies that you want Kinesis Data Firehose to convert data from the JSON format to the Parquet or ORC format before writing it to Amazon S3.
Kinesis Data Firehose uses the serializer and deserializer that you specify, in addition to the column information from the AWS Glue table, to deserialize your input data from JSON and then serialize it to the Parquet or ORC format.
For more information, see Kinesis Data Firehose Record Format Conversion: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/firehose/latest/dev/record-format-conversion.html.

## PARAMETERS

### -Enabled
Defaults to true.
Set it to false if you want to disable format conversion while preserving the configuration details.

Documentation: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/aws-properties-kinesisfirehose-deliverystream-dataformatconversionconfiguration.html#cfn-kinesisfirehose-deliverystream-dataformatconversionconfiguration-enabled
PrimitiveType: Boolean
UpdateType: Mutable

```yaml
Type: Object
Parameter Sets: (All)
Aliases:

Required: True
Position: 1
Default value: None
Accept pipeline input: False
Accept wildcard characters: False
```

### -InputFormatConfiguration
Specifies the deserializer that you want Kinesis Data Firehose to use to convert the format of your data from JSON.
This parameter is required if Enabled is set to true.

Documentation: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/aws-properties-kinesisfirehose-deliverystream-dataformatconversionconfiguration.html#cfn-kinesisfirehose-deliverystream-dataformatconversionconfiguration-inputformatconfiguration
Type: InputFormatConfiguration
UpdateType: Mutable

```yaml
Type: Object
Parameter Sets: (All)
Aliases:

Required: True
Position: 2
Default value: None
Accept pipeline input: False
Accept wildcard characters: False
```

### -OutputFormatConfiguration
Specifies the serializer that you want Kinesis Data Firehose to use to convert the format of your data to the Parquet or ORC format.
This parameter is required if Enabled is set to true.

Documentation: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/aws-properties-kinesisfirehose-deliverystream-dataformatconversionconfiguration.html#cfn-kinesisfirehose-deliverystream-dataformatconversionconfiguration-outputformatconfiguration
Type: OutputFormatConfiguration
UpdateType: Mutable

```yaml
Type: Object
Parameter Sets: (All)
Aliases:

Required: True
Position: 3
Default value: None
Accept pipeline input: False
Accept wildcard characters: False
```

### -SchemaConfiguration
Specifies the AWS Glue Data Catalog table that contains the column information.
This parameter is required if Enabled is set to true.

Documentation: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/aws-properties-kinesisfirehose-deliverystream-dataformatconversionconfiguration.html#cfn-kinesisfirehose-deliverystream-dataformatconversionconfiguration-schemaconfiguration
Type: SchemaConfiguration
UpdateType: Mutable

```yaml
Type: Object
Parameter Sets: (All)
Aliases:

Required: True
Position: 4
Default value: None
Accept pipeline input: False
Accept wildcard characters: False
```

### CommonParameters
This cmdlet supports the common parameters: -Debug, -ErrorAction, -ErrorVariable, -InformationAction, -InformationVariable, -OutVariable, -OutBuffer, -PipelineVariable, -Verbose, -WarningAction, and -WarningVariable. For more information, see [about_CommonParameters](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=113216).

## INPUTS

## OUTPUTS

### Vaporshell.Resource.KinesisFirehose.DeliveryStream.DataFormatConversionConfiguration
## NOTES

## RELATED LINKS

[http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/aws-properties-kinesisfirehose-deliverystream-dataformatconversionconfiguration.html](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/aws-properties-kinesisfirehose-deliverystream-dataformatconversionconfiguration.html)


Continuity is important. Try to establish a regular time and stay with it for the whole year. Chapter members need to have this as a regular slot in their schedules.
Each chapter should evaluate its campus in terms of classes, social events, clubs, and other patterns that would conflict with the meeting time.
- Are Tuesday or Thursday evenings heavily scheduled with night classes?
– Do students tend to go home on weekends?
– Is this a commuter campus where students are rarely around campus in the evenings?
– What are the heavy study nights or hours?
– When do the residence hall staff typically call their meetings?
– Are there regular church functions on Wednesday evenings?
– Do students work mainly in the afternoon or evening?
– Do students rely on public transportation or have their own cars?
– Would students be willing to come back for an evening meeting or would an early morning or afternoon meeting between classes be most convenient?
One residential campus found that for several years Friday at 6:00 pm was a good time, right after dinner and before other social activities began. Several commuter campuses find the noon hour or late afternoon to be best. Another residental school held their meetings at 9:30 pm on Thursdays – after evening classes and the point at which many students were ready for a break from the library. For many "old-time" chapters, Thursdays at 7:00 pm has been almost sacred (sometimes for 20 years or more)! You may need to re-evaluate your meeting time every few years (campus patterns do change).
There will be no perfect meeting time. But if chapter members become accustomed to a particular night of the week being "InterVarsity" night they can seek to clear their schedules of social activities, studies, and even classes.


text:
Mitochondrial ferritin in the substantia nigra in restless legs syndrome
Amanda M. Snyder, Xinsheng Wang, Stephanie M. Patton, Paolo Arosio, Sonia Levi, Christopher J. Earley, Richard P. Allen, James R. Connor
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological disorder that is thought to involve decreased iron availability in the brain. Iron is required for oxidative metabolism and plays a critical role in redox reactions in mitochondria. The recent discovery of mitochondrial ferritin (FtMt) provided the opportunity to identify a potential correlation between iron and mitochondrial function in RLS. Human substantia nigra (SN) and putamen autopsy samples from 8 RLS cases and 8 controls were analyzed. Mitochondrial ferritin levels in RLS SN tissue homogenate samples assessed by immunoblots had more FtMt than control samples (p <0.01), whereas there were no significant differences in FtMt in the putamen samples. By immunohistochemistry, neuromelanin-containing neurons in the SN were the predominant cell type expressing FtMt. Staining in neurons in RLS samples was consistently greater than that in controls. Cytochrome c oxidase staining, which reflects numbers of mitochondria, showed a similar staining pattern to that of FtMt, whereas there was less immunostaining in the RLS cases for cytosolic H-ferritin. These results suggest that increased numbers of mitochondria in neurons in RLS and increased FtMt might contribute to insufficient cytosolic iron levels in RLS SN neurons; they are consistent with the hypothesis that energy insufficiency in these neurons may be involved in the pathogenesis of RLS.
Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology
https://doi.org/10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181bdc44f
10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181bdc44f
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Mitochondrial ferritin in the substantia nigra in restless legs syndrome'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Restless Legs Syndrome Medicine & Life Sciences
Substantia Nigra Medicine & Life Sciences
Ferritins Medicine & Life Sciences
Iron Medicine & Life Sciences
Mitochondria Medicine & Life Sciences
Putamen Medicine & Life Sciences
Staining and Labeling Medicine & Life Sciences
Snyder, A. M., Wang, X., Patton, S. M., Arosio, P., Levi, S., Earley, C. J., Allen, R. P., & Connor, J. R. (2009). Mitochondrial ferritin in the substantia nigra in restless legs syndrome. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, 68(11), 1193-1199. https://doi.org/10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181bdc44f
Mitochondrial ferritin in the substantia nigra in restless legs syndrome. / Snyder, Amanda M.; Wang, Xinsheng; Patton, Stephanie M.; Arosio, Paolo; Levi, Sonia; Earley, Christopher J.; Allen, Richard P.; Connor, James R.
In: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, Vol. 68, No. 11, 11.2009, p. 1193-1199.
Snyder, AM, Wang, X, Patton, SM, Arosio, P, Levi, S, Earley, CJ, Allen, RP & Connor, JR 2009, 'Mitochondrial ferritin in the substantia nigra in restless legs syndrome', Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, vol. 68, no. 11, pp. 1193-1199. https://doi.org/10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181bdc44f
Snyder AM, Wang X, Patton SM, Arosio P, Levi S, Earley CJ et al. Mitochondrial ferritin in the substantia nigra in restless legs syndrome. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology. 2009 Nov;68(11):1193-1199. https://doi.org/10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181bdc44f
Snyder, Amanda M. ; Wang, Xinsheng ; Patton, Stephanie M. ; Arosio, Paolo ; Levi, Sonia ; Earley, Christopher J. ; Allen, Richard P. ; Connor, James R. / Mitochondrial ferritin in the substantia nigra in restless legs syndrome. In: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology. 2009 ; Vol. 68, No. 11. pp. 1193-1199.
@article{ee118db34c3a441fafacd964ceb218b0,
title = "Mitochondrial ferritin in the substantia nigra in restless legs syndrome",
abstract = "Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological disorder that is thought to involve decreased iron availability in the brain. Iron is required for oxidative metabolism and plays a critical role in redox reactions in mitochondria. The recent discovery of mitochondrial ferritin (FtMt) provided the opportunity to identify a potential correlation between iron and mitochondrial function in RLS. Human substantia nigra (SN) and putamen autopsy samples from 8 RLS cases and 8 controls were analyzed. Mitochondrial ferritin levels in RLS SN tissue homogenate samples assessed by immunoblots had more FtMt than control samples (p <0.01), whereas there were no significant differences in FtMt in the putamen samples. By immunohistochemistry, neuromelanin-containing neurons in the SN were the predominant cell type expressing FtMt. Staining in neurons in RLS samples was consistently greater than that in controls. Cytochrome c oxidase staining, which reflects numbers of mitochondria, showed a similar staining pattern to that of FtMt, whereas there was less immunostaining in the RLS cases for cytosolic H-ferritin. These results suggest that increased numbers of mitochondria in neurons in RLS and increased FtMt might contribute to insufficient cytosolic iron levels in RLS SN neurons; they are consistent with the hypothesis that energy insufficiency in these neurons may be involved in the pathogenesis of RLS.",
keywords = "Ferritin, Iron, Mitochondrion, Neuron, Restless leg syndrome",
author = "Snyder, {Amanda M.} and Xinsheng Wang and Patton, {Stephanie M.} and Paolo Arosio and Sonia Levi and Earley, {Christopher J.} and Allen, {Richard P.} and Connor, {James R.}",
doi = "10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181bdc44f",
journal = "American Journal of Psychotherapy",
T1 - Mitochondrial ferritin in the substantia nigra in restless legs syndrome
AU - Snyder, Amanda M.
AU - Wang, Xinsheng
AU - Patton, Stephanie M.
AU - Arosio, Paolo
AU - Levi, Sonia
AU - Earley, Christopher J.
AU - Allen, Richard P.
AU - Connor, James R.
N2 - Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological disorder that is thought to involve decreased iron availability in the brain. Iron is required for oxidative metabolism and plays a critical role in redox reactions in mitochondria. The recent discovery of mitochondrial ferritin (FtMt) provided the opportunity to identify a potential correlation between iron and mitochondrial function in RLS. Human substantia nigra (SN) and putamen autopsy samples from 8 RLS cases and 8 controls were analyzed. Mitochondrial ferritin levels in RLS SN tissue homogenate samples assessed by immunoblots had more FtMt than control samples (p <0.01), whereas there were no significant differences in FtMt in the putamen samples. By immunohistochemistry, neuromelanin-containing neurons in the SN were the predominant cell type expressing FtMt. Staining in neurons in RLS samples was consistently greater than that in controls. Cytochrome c oxidase staining, which reflects numbers of mitochondria, showed a similar staining pattern to that of FtMt, whereas there was less immunostaining in the RLS cases for cytosolic H-ferritin. These results suggest that increased numbers of mitochondria in neurons in RLS and increased FtMt might contribute to insufficient cytosolic iron levels in RLS SN neurons; they are consistent with the hypothesis that energy insufficiency in these neurons may be involved in the pathogenesis of RLS.
AB - Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological disorder that is thought to involve decreased iron availability in the brain. Iron is required for oxidative metabolism and plays a critical role in redox reactions in mitochondria. The recent discovery of mitochondrial ferritin (FtMt) provided the opportunity to identify a potential correlation between iron and mitochondrial function in RLS. Human substantia nigra (SN) and putamen autopsy samples from 8 RLS cases and 8 controls were analyzed. Mitochondrial ferritin levels in RLS SN tissue homogenate samples assessed by immunoblots had more FtMt than control samples (p <0.01), whereas there were no significant differences in FtMt in the putamen samples. By immunohistochemistry, neuromelanin-containing neurons in the SN were the predominant cell type expressing FtMt. Staining in neurons in RLS samples was consistently greater than that in controls. Cytochrome c oxidase staining, which reflects numbers of mitochondria, showed a similar staining pattern to that of FtMt, whereas there was less immunostaining in the RLS cases for cytosolic H-ferritin. These results suggest that increased numbers of mitochondria in neurons in RLS and increased FtMt might contribute to insufficient cytosolic iron levels in RLS SN neurons; they are consistent with the hypothesis that energy insufficiency in these neurons may be involved in the pathogenesis of RLS.
KW - Ferritin
KW - Mitochondrion
KW - Neuron
KW - Restless leg syndrome
U2 - 10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181bdc44f
DO - 10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181bdc44f
JO - American Journal of Psychotherapy
JF - American Journal of Psychotherapy


text:
package com.lacv.marketplatform.services.security.impl;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationProvider;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfiguration extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    AuthenticationProvider securityService;

    @Autowired
    CustomSecurityFilter customSecurityFilter;

    @Autowired
    public void configureGlobalSecurity(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.authenticationProvider(securityService);
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

        http.formLogin()
                .loginPage("/account/login")
                .failureUrl("/account/login?login_error=true")
                .loginProcessingUrl("/account/authenticate").usernameParameter("j_username").passwordParameter("j_password")
                .defaultSuccessUrl("/account/home?redirect=user", false)
                .permitAll();

        http.logout()
                .logoutUrl("/security_logout")
                .logoutSuccessUrl("/")
                .invalidateHttpSession(true)
                .permitAll();

        http.exceptionHandling().accessDeniedPage("/account/denied");

        http.csrf().disable();

        http.addFilterAfter(customSecurityFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);

        /***************************
         *    Fixed Permissions
         ***************************/
        http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/account/home*").access("isAuthenticated()");

    }

}


As healthcare environments evolve and increase focus on the patient and visitor experience, technology can play a valuable role in effective wayfinding and communication. We are frequently asked by clients about the need and opportunity to create a mobile app to support patient and visitor wayfinding. While the idea sounds great on the surface, we find that wayfinding specific mobile apps have limited use and a potentially high cost for most acute care environments.
Most folks will default to traditional wayfinding methods when under stress, and in the interest of time either use traditional signage elements or go straight to the nearest information/volunteer desk for assistance. For those who have recurring appointments, they are likely to know the route to the repeat destination.
The initial and ongoing costs of developing a wayfinding mobile app are significant. Not only do you have multiple software platforms (iOS, Android, etc) to contend with, but also there is the issue of constant software and content updates. Depending on the type and function of the app, you may also need to add hardware (beacons) to your building in order to accurately track wayfinding progress. The dollars spent in development, promotion and maintenance of the wayfinding mobile app can be used in other ways that offer more flexibility and greater impact on the patient and visitor experience.
We have many clients that have started with a goal of implementing a wayfinding mobile app and then find through discussion and research that they are able to provide effective alternative tools through less costly and more widely available alternatives. The most common alternative to a wayfinding mobile app is a map or set of maps that can be used in a variety of ways (static signage, online, handouts, etc). These maps can provide general orientation information or specific point to point directions. Common uses include parking guides and simplified floor plan maps that are used by volunteers and staff. The cost for development of a map program is minimal as the core graphics needed and supporting terminology are created during our wayfinding and planning process.
Our experience in working with thousands of healthcare facilities of all sizes across the country tells us that the most important elements to effective wayfinding and identification relate directly to concise terminology and consistent application. As part of our master wayfinding plan development process, we review and make recommendations for all patient and visitor communication (email, online, verbal, maps, etc) and create the visual tools to support each activity. This includes training staff and volunteers on what terms to use when guiding patients and visitors.
Technology will play an expanding role related to patient and visitor wayfinding. We will continue to assess tools available and recommend to clients the solutions that we believe are most effective for their audience and environment. For an assessment of your wayfinding and identification program, get in touch.


Bestows one of the following functions: Guidance, Critical Drain, or Health.
Vitamin item pack A wrapped pack containing a Sobbing Agathion Bracelet (30 days). Cannot be exchanged or dropped. Can be stored in a private warehouse.
Vitamin item pack A wrapped pack containing a Sudden Agathion Bracelet (7 days). Cannot be exchanged or dropped. Can be stored in a private warehouse.
Bestows one of the following functions: Empower, M. Atk. or Magic Silence.
Bestows one of the following functions: M. Atk., Magic Paralyze or Empower.


text:
Home Events Protesters banned from protesting at multiple locations in Bangkok during APEC summit
Protesters banned from protesting at multiple locations in Bangkok during APEC summit
Saturday, 12 November 2022, 16:55
Public gatherings are banned during the APEC summit at a convention center and 19 hotels in Bangkok.
The announcement was made on Friday (November 11th) from the Prime Minister's Office. Public gatherings are banned at the Queen Sirikit National Convention Centre and 19 hotels from November 14th to November 19th due to concerns they would disrupt the APEC Summit.
This is legally possible through the Thai Public Assembly Act.
The 19 hotels are Grand Hyatt Erawan, Anantara Siam, Park Hyatt, Rosewood Bangkok, the Okura Prestige, the Athenee, Conrad Bangkok, KIimpton Malai Bangkok, Sinthorn Kempinski Bangkok, Sheraton Grand Sukhumvit, Siam Kempinski Bangkok, So Bangkok, Waldorf Astoria, the Saint Rigis, Bangkok Marriott Marquis Queen's Park, Sukhothai Bangkok, Banyan Tree Mandarin Oriental Bangkok, and Shangri-La Bangkok.
The Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha has asked for cooperation from everyone to be a good host and not to damage the country. This summit is very importance to Thailand.
Meanwhile 'Rambo' or Mr. Seksakol Atthawong, the former assistant to the Prime Minister's Office minister said, "Please do not support Amnesty International or other groups who will come out to protest during the APEC summit. These people will damage our country."
Protesters have been asked to submit their complaints to the website of the Foreign Ministry versus protest in person during the event.