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Books / Judaism
The Elephant and the Non-Jewish Problem – Part I
by Eytan Kobre · Published August 24, 2007 · Updated August 24, 2007
A well-worn anecdote has it that a teacher assigned the writing of an essay with the requirement that it relate to elephants in some way. Looking through the submitted papers, the teacher came upon the one authored by the only Italian in the class entitled "Eating Habits of the Elephant." Next was a piece by the lone Frenchman headlined "Romantic Interests of the Elephant." Reaching the last essay in the pile, he found the essay of the token Jew. His topic? "The Elephant and the Jewish Problem."
One elephant that hasn't left the room, so to speak, a full month after the publication of that article, is the one relating to the non-Jewish question — that is, the issue of what conclusions are to be drawn from the halacha that requires suspension of melacha proscriptions on Shabbos to save the life of a Jew but not that of a non-Jew, except where failure to save the latter's life would foster enmity towards Jews, with potential violent repercussions.
I'm fully mindful that, with the onset of Feldman Fatigue Syndrome, this post might go by entirely unnoticed. But I've decided to launch it into the blogosphere anyway if only as a way of registering my non-acquiesence in the two significant treatments of this topic that I've seen presented in response to the Feldman piece.
I take strong exception, based on my understanding of the Torah view, to elements of both essays. I've set forth below the passages I find unacceptable, with brief accompanying comment. In my intended Part II of this post, I hope to share a differing perspective on the subject.
First, there is Rabbi Norman Lamm's response to Noah in the Forward. On the the topic at hand, Rabbi Lamm has this to say:
Why, then, can you not be as generous to Jewish law, and appreciate that certain biblical laws are unenforceable in practical terms, because all legal systems — including Jewish law — do not simply dump their axiomatic bases but develop them. Why not admire scholars of Jewish law who use various legal technicalities to preserve the text of the original law in its essence, and yet make sure that appropriate changes would be made in accordance with new moral sensitivities?
. . . . This is a legitimate way for the Talmudic and post-Talmudic rabbis to protect the sacred Shabbat laws, and by appropriate halachic legislation enable us to live without violating our moral conscience.
Let me clarify my stand, as an Orthodox rabbi, on the issue you raised: It is strictly forbidden by the Halacha to deny a non-Jew whatever is necessary to save his or her life. There must be no discrimination whatsoever. Every human being is created in the Image of God and has a right to life and health.
Briefly, I don't believe that the notion that "scholars of Jewish law who use various legal technicalities to preserve the text of the original law in its essence, and yet make sure that appropriate changes would be made in accordance with new moral sensitivities" accords with normative Orthodox Jewish belief.
Moreover, the statement that "Every human being is created in the Image of God and has a right to life and health" is correct but inapposite to this topic and, in any event, is not the basis put forth for this halacha by the preponderance of, or perhaps any, halachic sources that I'm aware of.
For his part, author Shmuley Boteach, writing in the Jerusalem Post, criticizes Rabbi Lamm's approach for its "obtuseness." Instead, he writes
Is the Jewish religion really so heartless as to give a Jew pause before rescuing a non-Jewish life on the Sabbath? Could it be possible that a religion that so courageously declares, at the very beginning of its Bible, that all humans are equally created in the image of God suddenly reverses itself and declares a non-Jewish life to be not only inferior to that of a Jew, but scarcely worth saving? Of course not. . . .
The Talmud was written at the time of the vicious Roman occupation of the Holy Land. The unbearable cruelty of the Romans led to two Jewish rebellions that were quashed so mercilessly by Rome's mighty legions that millions of Jews were slaughtered in cold blood. . . .
The Talmud's discussion, therefore, centered on whether brutal, gentile oppressors like Roman centurions, who were the principal non-Jews with whom the Jews had contact at the time, ought to be saved on the Sabbath. . . .
But when it came to everyday non-Jews, the Talmud was emphatic about their equal place before God and the equality and sanctity of every human life. . . .
Witness the fact that Judaism is the only religion that does not actively proselytize people outside the faith, because we do not believe that a non-Jew upgrades his existence by becoming a Jew.
First, in positing that Judaism "courageously declares, at the very beginning of its Bible, that all humans are equally created in the image of God," I believe Boteach confuses a renowned statement of America's Founding Fathers with another renowned statement in Genesis; the two are not identical. Boteach also needs to cite where specifically the Talmud posits "the equality . . . of every human life." None of the citations in his essay stand for precisely what it is that he wants them to. [An aside: I'm not sure why it is "courageous" of G-d to declare in His Torah that humans are created in His image. If humans were doing the authoring, that might require courage in a world filled with bloodthirsty pagans, but not for G-d, at least not an omnipotent One.]
Second, Boteach identifies the issue at hand as not only one of Judaism's supposed " outrageous . . . particularism," in Feldman's phrase, but also its seeming "heartlessness". But wouldn't Judaism be seen as equally heartless were it to require that Jews, as well, not be treated in violation of Shabbos? The fact is that the Talmud in Yoma exerts itself greatly to find Scriptural justification for precisely that permit.
Moreover, the Torah indeed does adjure Jews to render their lives forfeit rather than transgress several enumerated sins. In Judaism, we don't call that heartlessness; we call it, rather, recognition that there are ideals for which it's worth forfeiting even precious, albeit temporal, earthly existence, a notion which, as it happens, any society that sends its men out to war apparently subscribes to as well.
Thirdly, Boteach writes as if the entire discussion of suspending Shabbos for the saving of life in Yoma and elsewhere in Shas and the commentaries thereon doesn't exist, and so his writing, as a halachic discussion, can't possibly be taken seriously. His conjecture that the "Talmud's discussion, therefore, centered on whether brutal, gentile oppressors like Roman centurions . . . ought to be saved on the Sabbath" is an incredibly narrow reading of this halacha to make without supporting sources — and Meiri isn't one of them.
Lastly, I would be keenly interested to learn the source for his statement that "Judaism is the only religion that does not actively proselytize people outside the faith because we do not believe that a non-Jew upgrades his existence by becoming a Jew." I've never seen a rationale remotely resembling that one for our discouragement of conversion.
Chalk one up for Olmert
by Jonathan Rosenblum · Published June 17, 2007
Corrosive Corruption
by Emanuel Feldman · Published January 14, 2007
by Avi Shafran · Published August 24, 2014
Steve Brizel says:
WADR, this article misses the mark. No less than RSZA paskened that all patients at Shaarei Tzedek were to receive the same quality of care on Shabbos-regardless of their faith. Whether one views the universal rationale of the Divine Image of mankind or the more particularistic view of Mishum Aivah as the rationale, the simple facts are a Jewish doctor must treat all patients in that situation with the same degree of care. I don't think that engaging in a process of Darshaning Taamah Dkra ( seeking a rationale for a mitzvah) is a helpful process. FWIW, RYBS and the SE were both unhappy with the Mishum Aivah rationale for very different reasons. It is revisionism to insist otherwise. As far as R Boteach is concerned, since when does anyone regard his views as represntative of any section of Orthodoxy? I think that discussing his views serves no useful purpose.
Bob Miller says:
My understanding is that the Written and Oral Torah can have more than one law apparently applicable to a given real-life situation. The laws in question can be complementary in that situation or one of them can take precedence over another. The judgment of our Torah sages is extremely important in deciding what applies, how it applies, and what is the order of precedence of the applicable laws.
Consequently, the halachic system allows for cases where a given action may be allowed or required by our Torah sages even if some applicable law appears to point in the other direction.
As an example, provision exists for a King of Israel to decree capital punishment in specific cases (analogous to imposing martial law), even though normal judicial requirements (such as two proper witnesses) are not met. His decree does not disrupt the law; it is part of the broad legal system.
Enemies of the Jews and of our entire legal system often object to a law taken in isolation, not realizing (or not admitting) that other laws and considerations also apply, and that the latter may take precedence.
Tal Benschar says:
Bravo Eytan. My reaction to both essays were similar. I look forward to your take on the issue.
I am contemplating writing something on this myself, time permitting. But meanwhile, just to get the ball rolling, I want to point out something that no one has yet mentioned in the context of this discussion.
As you point out, the Torah requires Jews to sacrifices their life for 3 mitzvos, plus kiddush Hashem. Less well known is the gemara in Sanhedrin which, acc. to most Rishonim, that for a Ben-Noach martyrdom is not required (Sanhedrin 74b -75a). This is for a case of AVODA ZARA! Presumably it would apply to all the 7 mitsvos bnei noach, except perhaps for shefichus damim (where there is a sevara mi amar etc.)
So here we have an inequivalence in the other direction: a Jew is required to sacrifice his or her life to avoid idolatry, or sexual immorality ('arayos), a gentile Ben Noach is not.
Did the rabbis of the Talmud value gentile life over Jewish life? Is this cruel to Jews? The very suggestion is absurd.
Robert Mann says:
Buddhism does not seek to convert others away from their faith. Indeed the Buddha turned away a student who wanted to leave another teacher the Buddha respected. In effect, he said "You've got a very good teacher. There is no reason to change. You should stay with him."
Interestingly, many American Buddhists come from Jewish and Catholic backgrounds. My speculation is that the intellectual honesty of Buddhist teachings, the absence of required dogma and superstition at the heart of Buddhism, and the preservation of a sense of the sacred, both in rituals and everyday life, are major attractions to these groups, who for whatever reasons are not satisfied or sustained any more by the creeds they were raised with.
Interestingly, Many Buddhist say they have MORE rather than less respect for other religions/paths than when they had when they took up meditative Buddhism. A fundamental Buddist teaching, recorded on Empereor Asoka's stone pillars in India, is to look for what is good in other religions and to respect it.
JosephW says:
Thank You, Mr. Kobre for setting things straight.
Rabbi Lamm's statement that our "new moral sensitivities" cause halachists to create changes (or "develop" it) is untrue. The implication that G-d's torah is in any way morally insensitive is unconscionable, and contradicts the fundamental principle of our faith of the perfection of the torah. (Rabbinic laws have nothing to do with progressive moralities, but everything to do with progressive human frailities.) And yes, I have read Rabbi Lamm's essay in the original.
Rabbi Boteach's statement that "we do not believe that a non-Jew upgrades his existence by becoming a Jew" seems to me to be totally off base, and I would appreciate anyone who can cite sources concerning it.
One further point: The concept of "mipnei eivah" which IS the source for the halacha to save a non-Jew's life, might also be relevant concerning our attitude when communicating this issue to non-jews. This might be the explanation for the misinfomation being imparted in response to the Feldman article. However the famous Maharshal in Bava Kama must be kept in mind: Although one is permitted to refrain from communicating potentially harmful details of torah, one may not, under any circumstances ("yaharog v'al yaavor") communicate a false statement explicitly.
mycroft says:
The concept of "mipnei eivah" which IS the source for the halacha to save a non-Jew's life,
according to many but far from all. There are those who have written differently since before Noah Feldman was born!!!
Ori Pomerantz says:
In cases when there is doubt for Pikuach Nefesh (risk to life), you break the Shabbat. I assume that include cases when you don't know if the person is Jewish or not – correct?
We've had significant assimilation in the diaspora. You might know that Roberto Carlos has no known connection to Judaism. Do you know who his maternal grandmother was? Or her mother? Do you know if his ancestor in a direct maternal line in 1500 was one of the conversos (Jews who converted to Catholicism rather than be exiled from Spain)? Or if his ancestor in 70 had been a young girl, taken as captive when Judea fell, who chose to emulate her captors and eventually married another slave?
If any of Roberto's ancestors in a direct maternal line was Jewish, our hypothetical Roberto would be Halachically Jewish as well. Wouldn't this obligate you to save his life? Since you don't know, wouldn't the possibility be enough to obligate you?
joel rich says:
Rabbi Lamm's statement that our "new moral sensitivities" cause halachists to create changes (or "develop" it) is untrue. The implication that G-d's torah is in any way morally insensitive is unconscionable, and contradicts the fundamental principle of our faith of the perfection of the torah. (Rabbinic laws have nothing to do with progressive moralities, but everything to do with progressive human frailities.)
We may be dealing with semantics but how would you classify our transition to monogamy for males as well as females?
Regarding Comment by Robert Mann — August 25, 2007 @ 2:21 pm
Statues of Buddha (for example) represent idolatry. We do not tolerate idolatry whatsoever, hovever nice we may be. An idolator ought to respect Jews since we're right and they're wrong on this critical point.
yy says:
Rabbosai —
I've been holding back for weeks and weeks and now R' Eytan and his commentators have pushed me just too far!
The Mishna at hand was the source of my first serious religious crisis. It happened over 20 years ago during my first year of formal Torah learning. I was 23. At that time I was a grand philosopher in the making; searcher of cross-cultural wisdoms; student of Comparative Religion; dabbler into Chassidic truth. It was during the dark ages of pre-Artscroll. In fact there was nary a reliable English translation available, besides the fact that many Gdoilim were discouraging ANY translations. "Learn it INside" was the mantra.
Then I bumped into that Mishna.
I was profoundly let down; wildly determined to get to the bottom of it. "Now how in the world would all those nice frummies justify THIS," I could hear my Y. HaRa snickering while my Neshama was plunging ever deeper into despair. I really wanted to believe that the imagery of the goy stuck under the rubble pleading for me to help him by shifting around a few rocks with me sighing "sorry, it's Shabbos" was just not pshat. But the more I checked it out, the worse it got!
The next Shabbos I was a guest of a certain Chassidic figure. As we were walking together after the meal, I sprang it on him. I let him know how deeply concerned I am to hear to full truth and nothing but. He turned to me, with scathing love, and said very curtly: "If you ooonly knew the kedusha of Shabbos! If you ooonly knew you wouldn't ask. For it's not about evaluating one type of life or another. It's ALL about Shabbos. SHAAAAAAAbbos! The question is whether there's any reason here to justify desecrating the holy Shabbos, with the conlusion being that for a Jew there is since the likliness is great that he'll be around next week for keeping Shabbos. If so, than Shabbos gains. SHAAABBOS! That's all we're concerned for. The non-Jew has nothing to contribute to holy Shabbos and therefore it's simply not an option to desecrate Shabbos for saving him."
As I was absorbing this, he looked deeply into my eyes and then added: "You should know that G-d and only G-d decides when someone should die. We're not talking here about playing G-d to decide who should live or not. Rather, are only concern is whether there's a Mitzvah to be His messenger. In the case of Shabbos, that Mitzvah only pertains to Jews. Unless, of course, there's a danger that NOT saving the goy will endanger other Jews.
If that was the case, then Shabbos would truly suffer!
Reuven Wolf says:
I agree with Steve that no useful purpose is served by bringing up Boteach's absurd views on this blog. The one dubious purpose it does serve is to give him more material to add to the feature on his website called "Shmuly in the Press". [Some might say that threads on a obscure (to the wider world) blog don't qualify as "press", but with an obvious egomaniac like Shmuly Boteach, you never know.] Whether you agree or (as I often do) disagree with Rabbi Lamm's positions, he doesn't deserve the insult of being mentioned in the same post as Shmuly Boteach. Rabbi Lamm is a Talmid Chochom who, by virtue of his scholarship, has earned the right to have his arguments debated on their merits. Shmuly Boteach is no Talmid Chochom, and nothing he has said or done (or written) in his public career warrants his off-base ideas even being given a hearing. The reason he provides no sources in his JP article for his absurd contentions is that he cannot; no such sources exist. A visit to his website will make clear even to someone unfamiliar with his history of outrageous views that he simply hungers for publicity, and this explains his willingness to be "megalah panim b'Torah shelo k'halacha" (misinterpret basic Jewish beliefs and practices) in order to ingratiate hinmself with contemporary secular society. I apologize to the readership for not keeping my comment within the bounds of civil debate, but Boteach is an embarrasment to Chabad, and to Orthodoxy in general.
Charles B. Hall says:
Regarding Mr. Mann's comment: It is true that a huge fraction of American Buddhists are halachically Jewish. A major teaching of Buddhism, one that attracts many, is its admonition to follow a middle path in most aspects of life. I have enjoyed showing many Jewish Buddhists Rambam's Hilchot De-ot in which he says almost exactly the same thing, and every single one has expressed surprise that this is not only a part of the Jewish tradition. It is indeed not just a part of the tradition but a central teaching according to the most important Jewish philosopher since the giving of the Torah, brought down as absolute halachah in his law code. Would that they had heard about it from their teachers when they were young!
Yitzchok Adlerstein says:
Statues of Buddha (for example) represent idolatry
I don't think so. Buddhists don't really pray to Buddha, nor believe that his spirit is responding to their activities. They revere someone who once lived for pointing out the way to live. To the best of my knowledge, such a belief is not halachically avodah zarah, especially according to the criteria of the Chazon Ish.
There are forms of Buddhism that combine Chinese spirit worship with Buddhism, and they likely do fall under the rubric of avodah zarah. I figure of the four-headed Buddha is more likely an avodah zarah icon than the familiar one-headed variety.
OTOH, most Buddhists whom I have enountered don't believe in any god, R"L. I think more Jews should take seriously the notion (found in seforim for many hundreds of years) that atheism is worse than idolatry.
Jew says:
I am in the situation you discuss on a regular basis. You are absolutely crazy to discuss this in an open forum, as are the other people who have commented on the subject in the media. The holocaust was not so long ago. I would write more, but it's best not discussed.
You are making a huge mistake in treating a visceral topic as an intellectual one.
I think more Jews should take seriously the notion (found in seforim for many hundreds of years) that atheism is worse than idolatry
Maybe for a non Jew-but not for a Jew.
Baruch Horowitz says:
While I do think that it would be in the best interests of all concerned for a clarification to be made in an appropriate forum(perhaps people should discuss it privately with Rabbi Lamm), one needs to appreciate the difficulty and responsibility of explaining such halachos for a general audience. I did prefer Rabbi Shalom Carmy's article in the Kol Hamevaser blog, which seems to be similar, or the same, as the thrust of the contemporary rosh yeshivah's comments quoted in Jonathan Rosenblum's Yated article.
I hope that leaders from all parts of the Orthodox world will come together to examine the Feldman Affair for any darchei shalom aspects that need to be addressed, as well as for our own meaningful avodas Hashem, for example, the fulfillment of the mandate of "sh'yhei sheim shomayim misahiev al yadecha", as a manifestation of Jewish universalism.
yy, would you desecrate the Shabbat to save a non-observant Jew? If so, would you do it in the hope that the Jew would become a Ba'al Teshuva and start observing Shabbatot? By the same token, the gentile might decide to convert, and thus contribute to Shabbat.
Doron Beckerman says:
R' Eytan writes:
Well, it sure wasn't the belief of the Chazon Ish. In his letter (Igros Chazon Ish I:96) to R' Isser Zalman Meltzer, regarding a suggestion to institute a Takanah (based on Hefker Beis Din Hefker, no doubt) that males and females should inherit equally, he writes:
"It is my wish here to inform you of my great distress of an alien thought which hovers in the air of our Land to make new Takanos which are in opposition to the Torah which is in our hands now, and my heart dictates that this is a cause for the destruction of Emunah in the hearts of the believers of Israel, since Kefirah and Minus in the Ikvesa D'Meshicha are rampant…
The weak ones (in Emunah) of our generation surrender to the heretics and enjoy finding favor in the eyes of the heretic, with an attendant weakness of Emunah, for he is not a zealot, and not an idler; he knows that one needs to concede prohibitions in vital matters, and to find Hetterim when present life dictates it, and the heretic rejoices over his victory, and indeed scorns in his heart this phony believer.
It is proper, rather, for every believer to return to his faith when he hears a demand of complete Kefirah that they should say that a daughter should inherit with a son, which the Sages already fought with the Sadducees about, and to our amazement the hearts are sealed, and instead of forcefulness of mind and courage of spirit to stand as an upright rock, with a firm faith that justice is unto the L-rd, and that so we have received from the A-mighty, Ruler of all Creation, Master of the earth, we find those whose minds are meek, and they seek contrivances to prostrate before this heresy and to leave justice in Choshen Mishpat, but, in practice, to act as all the Nations that a daughter and son shall inherit alike, and to give glory to our enemies that, indeed, the law of inheritance in the Torah is not appropriate for an enlightened Nation, a complete admission to the abomination of heresy, woe to ears that hear such."
Moshe Hillson says:
About 20 years ago, I heard a lecture from a prominent pediatrician in Jerusalem dispelling the myth that Torah supposedly contradicts Science. He showed that, in each issue, there was either a misresentation of the Torah's view, or that the issue was in hot dispute among scientists themselves.
He then continued: "There is an issue that no one raises, but in which the Halacha does go against contemporary conventional thought…"
Guess which issue it was – the issue of this thread.
The lecturer said (and I unfortunately don't remember in whose name) that in each realm of science or thought, there must always remain least one issue in which the Torah's view remains transcendent of human concepts – to remid us that the Torah is G-dly, and not human wisdom.
The most noteworthy aspect of this story is – that this pedictrician is a Ger Tzedek (Gentile convert to Judaism).
Harry Maryles says:
One elephant that hasn't left the room, …the halacha that requires suspension of melacha proscriptions on Shabbos to save the life of a Jew but not that of a non-Jew.
You want to make sure based on this essay that the world knows that we Jews only value our own lives enough to violate the Sabbath. And you do your level best to dismiss any argument to the contrary.
What you do with this article is make a mockery of Judaism and make its morals seem inferior to that of our secular hosts whom Rabbi Feinstein who has called America a Medina Shel Chesed… a compassionate country. Your rhetoric makes the Torah look like an inferior moral document. Non Jews do not consider themselves to be superior to Jews or anyone else. They will treat all of mankind equally. To them all human life is treated the same. The vast majority of medical professionls look blindly at the religious faith of their patients. But Jews only look at other Jews that way. And you want to make sure anyone who reads your blog knows that!
And that's the truth isn't it? How many Jews would have acted like the Chasidei Umos HaOlam during the holocaust? How many of them would have risked their lives and those of their families to save a non Jew? Indeed, would have even been permitted for a Jew to do so? We would be forbidden to do so, wouldn't we! Yet if a non Jew does it we praise him. And those who did not risk their lives for us are accused of complicity for just standing idly by while our people were systematically slaughtered.
How is your post enlightening the nations? What exactly have you contributed to the public discourse? …or to your people Israel?
Instead of writing words that will enlighten and inspire the nations to the word of God you are making a mockery of the Torah with essays like this.
Look at Bava Metzia in the Talmud Yerushalmi and see what Shimon Ben Shetach said with respect to the Halacha of Hashavas Aveida to a Pagan merchant.
He was unconcerned with the letter of the law that would have benefited him financially to a great extent. He was far more concerned that complying with the letter of the law would be looked at as an act of barbarism! He taught his students wisely. He wanted the nations to say 'Blessed is the God of the Jews! Instead of making sure that the nations will praise God through His people as Shimon Ben Shetach admonished his Talmidim to do, you have done exactly the opposite!
Dr. Lamm's approach is one valid one and Rabbi Boteach's is another. You say you have problems with their approach? Perhaps the problem is with you.
Raphael Kaufman says:
YY's logic is faulty. It is a both a positive commandment and a benefit to Klal Yisrael for a non-observant Jew to do teshuvah. There is no requirement nor any benefit that accrues to a Gentile upon conversion.
Raphael Kaufman, I think the logic you fault is mine in my reply to yy. The point I was making is that a non observant Jew is unlikely to do teshuvah and start observing Shabbat, just as a gentile is unlikely to become a Ger Tzedek. The fact that there is a commandment for the non observant Jew to do teshuvah is irrelevant, since s/he does not accept the commandments.
Therefore, if you save the life of a Jew only because s/he will be able to keep Shabbat, it doesn't make sense to save the lives of somebody non observant like me who is unlikely to do it. If you would save me because I might do teshuvah, you should also save the gentile who might convert. Both are unlikely events.
Chaim Wolfson says:
Ori,
Unlikely event? Hardly! You are the last person we'd give up on. I look forward to hosting you and your family for Shabbos in the not-to-distant future. The guest rooms are ready and waiting.
Chaim Wolfson, thank you – but given what a wonderful blessing my wife (a gentile) has been in my life, it would be really hard to convince me that G-d wants me to observe Halacha.
BTW, where are you and how much room do you have? With the kids there are six of us.
Shaya Karlinsky says:
In comment 5, JosephW quotes Shmuely Boteach:
"we do not believe that a non-Jew upgrades his existence by becoming a Jew"
and comments:
"seems to me to be totally off base, and I would appreciate anyone who can cite sources concerning it."
After reading the mind-numbing quantity of absolute distortions that SB has written, I agree with many writers on this forum that even responding to his nonsense — and referring to him as a "Rabbi" — creates some level of credibility that is not appropriate. However, "Torah hee, v'lilmod anu tzrichim" so the request for sources shouldn't be left unanswered.
There are many, and I would suggest that our learned moderator, Rabbi Adlerstein, catalog them. But here are a few that are immediately available to me.
Ramchal in Derech HaShem Section 2, Chapter 4 discusses the issue of the differences between the Jewish nation and the other seventy nations. The entire chapter should be studied, but in paragraph 5 he discusses the chance given to the nations to accept the Torah, as did the Jewish nation, thereby elevating itself from the lower spiritual state caused by Adam's sin. After all other nations rejected this last opportunity, "It still remained possible for any individual… to convert and enter, through his personal free choice, under the 'tree' of Avraham Avinu," which enables ones descendants to be part of the elevated level discussed in the first part of that chapter.
You should also see paragraph 7, about the difference between the Jewish souls and non-Jewish souls in the World To Come, as well as paragraph 9. (I refraining from providing direct quotes on a google-searchable blog :-).)
The Maharal in Netzach Yisrael is "peppered" with sources to refute SB. I will list a few, which also reference explicit verses in the Torah. (These verses are one of the reasons that X-tian theology, which believes in the Divinity of the Torah, needed to render the Jewish people "unchosen, " and in fact Netzach Yisrael was written to refute that claim.)
Entire Ch. 2, Ch. 10 (paragraph beginning "vod tavin"), Ch. 11 fist part, and also the last part of the chapter. (For verses in the Torah, see Devarim 7:6, 14:1,2; Shemot 4:22, and commentaries.) There are many other sources in Netzach, as well as in Gevuros HaShem.
The thesis is fundamental to Judaism and what our sources teach us is clear. (In stating otherwise, SB reveals either his complete ignorance, or his willingness to lie in order to find favor in the eyes of his readers.) However, we need to think carefully about how to present this core belief in an egalitarian world. While I don't have an answer, I am sure that the pages of the popular press is NOT the forum.
Bob Miller Fan says:
Apparently we are living in a post-enlightenment age.
Regarding "Comment by Bob Miller Fan — August 28, 2007 @ 7:26 am"
As part of my spiritual housecleaning this month, I hereby give my absolute and total forgiveness to anyone who has claimed to be my fan.
Such people's misplaced priorities in becoming my fans must have been due to factors outside their control.
Apparently, some here think that ziuf ha Torah is permitted so that some will think well of us. I think the Yam Shel Shlomo thought otherwise. (And even those who hold it is not yehareg v'al ya'avor do not hold it is permitted!)
What next? Are we now going to censor the gemara in Avodah Zara that discusses mishum eivah? Sorry, not very enlightened.
Harry, when you have calmed down, could you please explain the Gemara in Sanhedrin I cited above? As a Jew I feel discriminated against. Is my life less valuable than a goy? Why must I give up my life to avoid idolatry, when he does not? Really, you think God cares so much? Especially when a coerced act of idolatry is really an empty exercise (which is why in fact Rava holds one is patur, but that is another story).
Mr. Marylis,
Perhaps you missed where Eytan wrote, "In my intended Part II of this post, I hope to share a differing perspective on the subject." How do you know what he'll say that caused you to make all these allegations against him?
Furthermore, someone as opinionated and thoughtful as you ought to know better than to merely state: "Dr. Lamm's approach is one valid one" and refuse to explain why. I believe Mr. Kobre deserves a bit more respect than you've shown him.
Tal-Like it or not, the Talmud offers both rationales with respect to Pikuach Nefesh and Gdolim such as RYBS and the SE in different contexts expressed their discomfort with the rationale of Mishum Aivah. WADR, one cannot invoke Ziuf HaTorah to deny the fact that botb rationales exist. However, whatever the rationale is, that offers no practical halachic ramifications today.
Steve — could you give a citation from the Talmud that has any rationale other than mishum eivah? Not acharonim, the Talmud.
Your argument that "whatever the rationale, that offers no practical halakhic ramification today" is simply incorrect. There are many scenarios one can imagine (one of which I even discussed on a prior thread — the issue of organ donation, which involves other issurim) which do not involve eivah.
RSZA's psak related to Shaarei Tzedek Hospital — a world famous institution located in the capital of Israel. That does not exhaust the possible scenarios that are halakha le maaseh.
"WADR, one cannot invoke Ziuf HaTorah to deny the fact that botb rationales exist." Comment by Steve Brizel
That was not why I invoked Ziuf ha Torah. I was negating apologetics which often descend into Ziuf ha Torah.
And BTW, can you offer any justification for this thought:
Assuming the writer really meant what he wrote (which some have claimed otherwise), is this Orthodoxy?
And BTW, apart from whatever hashkafic problems there are with this, as an analogy it is dead wrong.
The U.S Constitution originally provided for slavery. Slaves were counted as 3/5 of a person, and the right to import slaves was protected until a certain date. (1820 I believe.) In retrospect, quite embarassing, morally speaking.
Yet how was this changed? Through scholarly sophistry? No, through a Constitutional Amendment (or perhaps Amendments).
Makes the asserted process of "scholars of Jewish law who use various legal technicalities" to " make sure that appropriate changes would be made in accordance with new moral sensitivities" seem rather intellectually dishonest, no?
ORI — sorry for the delay in responding (tech. glitch).
Let me stress from the outset that your interest in what *I* would do is a quite seperate issue from appreciating the integrity of Torah law. We are complex beings, with many experiences that obstruct our ability to act on the truth we know. As "Jew" noted (#14, 15), this is indeed one topic that gets into everyone's craw. So in all honesty, let us distinguish between what we MIGHT do vs. what is the truly CORRECT thing to do.
As a little example, I was once teaching high level English to a group of secular Israeli teenagers, discussing an article about the morality of a mother carrying a fetus that was expected to die within 2 weeks. Should she be able donate the live, severely deformed newborn to science? The class was divided. So we began to consider the issue on a scale of higher lifespan expectation; like 6 months, a year, 2 years, etc. EVERYone conlcuded that it all boils down to when we fix that actual human life takes place. Once that pt is reached, all agreed that an inestimable Gift had been given that no human has the right to forfeit, no matter how lofty the theoretical alternative.
Still — go and say that to a mother (like the one in the article was about to be) who gave birth to a terribly deformed "vegatable" who has convinced herself that giving his eyes, kidneys and heart to science somehow makes the whole ordeal worthwhile!!
So too, I can tell you that I have had the honor of knowing and loving many wonderful gentiles and respectively do not know how I'd react at the moment of seeing one of them struggling underneath a pile of rubble on Shabbos. Yet I do know — as a faithful and somewhat learned Jew — that it would not be right, in the ultimate scheme of things, for me to use the intervening medicine, as it were, of desecrating Shabbos to save them (i.e. 2000 yrs ago when that Halacha had yet to recieive political emmendations).
Ultimately, of course, this really only works if one truly believes what that Rav told me about trusting that it is G-d and only G-d who takes lives. Certainly when no human being intervenes.
As to how a non-Shabbos committed Jew qualifies for being saved vs. a gentile who might be contemplating conversion, I can only repeat what others have tried to share with you on a Hlachic plane about the mystically wondrous power of the Jewish soul to truly want Mitzvos even as he conciously fights them. That does NOT mean H' necessarily loves him more. To die under a Shabbos rubble as a faithful goy might earn a far greater Eden than a rebellious Jew will get.
Hence, once again, the issue is not about evaluating the ultimate worth of lives, but about honoring Shabbos.
Rabbi Zvi says:
It seems to me that many people are taking R' Lamm's words out of context. His wording was chosen in order to couch his argument in legalistic terms, not to give an halachic explanation. He was pointing out Mr. Feldman's inconsistency in his treatment of legal systems regarding the development and application of law.
I wonder about the Eytan Kobre's judgment however, when he criticizes R' Lamm as not according "with normative Orthodox Jewish belief." and yet allowing that Boteach does accord with normative belief.
Rabbi Zvi,
Where did you read that Eytan allowed that "Boteach accords with normative belief?" I don't believe he said any such thing? Did I miss those words in his post or do believe that he inferred it?
yy, thank you for your answer.
yy: We are complex beings, with many experiences that obstruct our ability to act on the truth we know.
Ori: I think this is the point I'm having such difficulty with – having rules that contradict normal human morality (which I think is innate, we can argue about that if you disagree), and believing that those rules are the true morality and everything else is only good as much as it conforms to them.
Logically, I understand that this is implicit in believing that:
1. G-d exists.
2. G-d is good.
3. You have a copy of the rules G-d gave.
Emotionally, this concept is so foreign to me it's hard to even think about its implications.
yy: Ultimately, of course, this really only works if one truly believes what that Rav told me about trusting that it is G-d and only G-d who takes lives. Certainly when no human being intervenes.
Ori: Yet if the same rubble pile happened on Sunday, we wouldn't think for a moment that G-d wanted to kill the gentile – we'd all be there with our shovels, digging him/her out.
Tal-the constitutional amendments ( 13th-15th Amendments) that you refer to were and remain evidence of how America wrestled with slavery at the Constitutional Convention, endured debate and a bloody Civil War and then recognized that slavery was immoral. I don't see an analogy at all with a sugya in which multiple rationales are offered and which have zero practical halachic ramifications.
… QUALITY of what he gave, in moral terms. That is, the Alm-ghty picked up an ulterior motive in his sacrifice and respectively instructed him to try again. Yet Cain was offended. How dare ANYone judge the quality of his sacrifice! Didn't the fact that it was a sacrifice speak for itself? It certainly FELT right to him and thus, he reasoned, it SHOULD be so! Abel paid the price…
Next, as far as big dramas go,comes Noach (not Feldman!). There are a number of fascinating Rashy's that reveal that Noach wasn't so pure after all. A few times he didn't 100% heed to G-d's instructions, but factored in his own morality. Like when he was supposed to reproach the rabble rousers and enter the Ark. Then there was the way he reacted to the family member who maimed him during his drunkeness by cursing him. Mankind, Noach's children, have never stopped paying the price for that egregarious act of doing one's OWN morality.
Then comes Avraham. His WHOLE life was about learning morality — *on G-d's terms* and, slowly but surely, adapting his sensitivities to it. You thought this only began when he argued about the Destruction of Sdom and lost? Or when he tried to fulfill that terrible, horrible Command to sacrifice Isaac? Nope. It actually began with his very first Mitzvah: Lech-lcha. G-d tells him to pilgrimage, to leave "home" forever, and he'll be rewarded accordingly. Yet the verse tells us he did what G-d said not out of any interest in that reward but merely because it was "as G-d Commanded."
The rest is history.
Yes, Ori, on Sunday every faithful Jew would do his very best to save every single human being. Asumming, that it is, it wan't Yom Kippur!
No need for that assumption. Yom Kippur can't fall out on a Sunday 🙂
ORI — re. my last comment, the first part got somehow obliterated in bloggerspace! I tried to continue in a second comment, thinking both would appear together. I hope you can make sense of it. Email me if you'd like to do this exchange more thoroughly ([email protected])
"No need for that assumption. Yom Kippur can't fall out on a Sunday".
Rabbi Beckerman, Yom Kippur could (maybe) fall out on Sunday in Shanghai, no (or is it Friday)? Then again, so could Shabbos.
Ori (re: #25),
Of course G-d wants you to observe Halachah! The question is if you want to observe Halachah, and I'm far from convinced that the answer is no.
I live in the Northeast, by the way, and space is not a problem. It would do my kids good to sleep on the floor and learn to appreciate the mitzvah of "hachnasas orchim".
Ori: There is a straightforward halakhic answer to your question. Safeik pikuach nefesh does not mean that sheer speculation about a slight possibility of saving a life is sufficent to set aside prohibitions of Shabbos.
A non-Jew is not only not obligated to keep Shabbos, he is forbidden to do so. Furthermore, he can keep the 7 mitzvos bnei Noach and be considered one of the Chassidei Umos ha Olam — he can be completely righteous in God's eyes without keeping Shabbos. So there is no particular reason to believe that a non-Jew might one day convert and keep Shabbos. Might happen, might not.
Not so a "non-religious" Jew, who is obligated to keep Shabbos, and we can always hope that deep down he may be inspired to return to the Torah which is the heritage of the Jewish people.
Steve Brizel:
It is not I who analogized the halakhic process to development of other legal systems, it was Dr. Lamm.
My point is that the analogy is a false one. When secular legal systems want to change, they are straightforward about it. No legal scholar is going to deny that slavery was a legal institution in America circa 1787 (or for that matter 1860). The country changed its mind — in this particular case with tremendous upheavel leading to civil war. But there was no pretense of using legal technicalities to update the law in light of new moral sensitivities.
You ipse dixit that there is no nafka mina I do not accept — there are plenty of them.
And I am still waiting for a Talmudic source as the alternative to mishum eivah.
Chaim, I'm not so sure what G-d wants. I know what the Torah says, but I do not know that the Torah, as we have it, is all Divine Revelation (the Rambam's 8th principle). I know people who claim it is, but I also know people who claim that that it is distorted (= Muslim), or out of date (= Christians). I have yet to see any side show very strong evidence.
It would be a relief in many ways to know what G-d wants me to do, it would help me guide my life. However, wanting to know an answer does not mean that you know it. And in this case, I really don't want to lose my wife. I'd need very strong evidence to change my mind about that.
PS, thank you for your offer of hospitality, but we live in Texas. It's a long drive to the Northeast, especially for the babies and toddler.
I asked earlier in the comments for sources disproving Boteach's statement "we do not believe that a non-Jew upgrades his existence by becoming a Jew". Thank you Rabbi Karlinsky for responding. And in the meantime I noticed a passuk while doing shnayim mikra: "u'lsitcha elyon al kol hagoyim" (26;19), translate it however you'd like. It's Boteach's exact words – inverted.
Avi says:
I'd like to offer an original take on this problem. Perhaps the value of Sabbath is greater than any person, even a Jew. We desecrate the Sabbath to save a Jew only becasue he will observe other Shabbosos (Shabbos 151b; Yoma 151a). A gentile, however, will not observe other Shabbosos and thus is not saved. This in effect levels the playing field and removes the racist aspect. [Even those who offer other reasons for desecrating the Sabbath may agree to this principle philosophocally.]
Avi, what does Halacha tell us about desecrating the Shabbat to save the life of a Jew who is condemned to death and scheduled to be executed on Thursday? Such a Jew will not keep any more Shabbats.
[It really is Yoma 85a-b.] If this is the reason, then one in fact would not save the life. See Halachos Katanos 2:38. Biur Halachah 329:4 ["ela lefi sha'ah"], however, cites meiri who says that the same applies in any case because he might be mekayeim any mitzvah. hence it is the possibility of kitum mitzvos that overrides Shabbos – not the Jewish soul per se. [See however Biur halachah there who argues with meiri. At any rate, this answer is much better than the aforementioned apologetics.]
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text:
El Toyota Probox fue introducida por Toyota en Japón en agosto de 2002. Es un auto pequeño, con diseño de station wagon, diseñado para el uso comercial como coche de entregas, y relacionado de cerca con el Toyota Succed.

Características técnicas

Rueda bajo, milímetro 2550 pisada (F/R), milímetro 1450/1455 de tierra separación, milímetro 155 encintado vehículo peso, kilogramo 1110 grueso vehículo peso, kilogramo asiento capacidad, persona 5 puerta numeran 5 Min.turning radio, m 5.2 gasolina depósito capacidad, l 50 dislocación, cc 1496 motor modelo 1NZ-FE Max.power (red), kw(PS)/rpm 105 picosegundo (77.23 kilovatios)/6000 RPM Max.torque(Net), N*m(kg*m)/rpm 14.1 kg*m (138.27)/4200 de N*m el tipo alesaje regular unleaded del cociente 10.5 de la compresión del sistema del LEV de la gasolina (vehículo bajo de la emisión) sí, movimiento del milímetro 75, tamaño del motor de la densidad de energía de la RPM 10.57 del combustible del sistema de carburante de VVT-i de la información del motor del cilindro DOHC del cuento por entregas 4 EFI (inyección electrónica del combustible) de los neumáticos del manejo de la energía del milímetro 84.7, 165/80R13 delantero cansa el sistema de frenos posterior 165/80R13 del tamaño, afronta el sistema de frenos ventilado del disco, sistema posterior de la suspensión del tambor (leading/trailing), tipo delantero sistema de la suspensión del muelle en espiral, brazo lateral del puntal del eje de balancín de la parte posterior que une el tipo muelle en de 4 acoplamientos espiral

Toyota Probox por países

 En Bolivia,Paraguay y Perú se importan de Japón, se le cambia el volante del lado derecho al izquierdo. En Perú solo se pudo importar este tipo de vehículos hasta el 2012 y actualmente está prohibida su importación y acondicionamiento.

Probox

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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ChessBase Magazine 147 review
by Albert Silver
I like it! | 0 Comments
5/5/2012 – Explaining he has had a love affair with ChessBase Magazine ever since its historic inclusion of multimedia material, Albert Silver takes a look at the latest edition, noting its evolution and growth. With fifteen openings articles, endgame articles, move-by-move testing, game comments by the world's best, and over three hours of video material on openings, endgames and more, what is not to like?
new: ChessBase 15 - Mega package
I have had a love affair with ChessBase Magazine for a very long time, but frankly, I am not alone. It first really came to my attention when I found out there were videos included in the CD version back in 1997 on the Kasparov-Deep Blue. It gave me goosebumps to see video of an event I had been green with envy others had the privilege of seeing live. The trend set forth a revolution, and suddenly CBM was no longer a pioneering digital curiosity, it was a must have. The following issues brought further videos, though they were not quite as they are today, seamlessly integrated with the games. No, back then you would play through a game, see a multimedia symbol next to a move, and when you got to it, a video would pop open with some excerpt showing Anand or some other player commenting. Eventually, they hit on the idea of tying moves and video together, and the rest, as they say, is history.
The advent of the DVD was obviously essential to break the space limitations a CD had when dealing with multimedia files, but it alone did not guarantee the magazine would evolve as it did. Today it is not only the foremost of its kind, it is the standard all others need to compare themselves to.
Consider the database screen alone:
A plethora of icons shows the rich content
This was my first CBM obtained via the download service in the shop, and my concern was that I would be missing out on the print magazine, albeit receiving the full issue within an hour or two of purchase as opposed to eight to nine days by post. This was soon put to rest as it came with it in PDF version for direct perusal or for printing if such was my taste.
I will not claim to have gone through each and every thing on the DVD, as opposed to usual reviews, simply because there is just too much content to review. However, there really is something for everyone here. If you are new to the magazine and unsure where to start, there are two introductory videos, one by GM Karsten Mueller overviewing the contents and openings, and another by GM Dorian Ragozenco commenting on the tournaments and games covered.
If you are looking for tournament games analyzed by the best players in the world, you will be very well served. In CBM 147, the star tournaments are Wijk aan Zee, the Gibraltar Open, and the Aeroflot Open. In it you will find games chosen and commented by Magnus Carlsen, Levon Aronian, Fabiano Caruana, Sergey Karjakin, Teimor Radjabov, Loek Van Wely, Victor Bologan, Liem Le Quang, Krishnan Sasikiran, and even Hou Yifan detailing her historic win over Judit Polgar.
Magnus Carlsen chose his win over Gashimov as the one he liked best
If you enjoy those move-by-move tests, GM Daniel King has prepared one where each move is a test position, all with commentary and grades for solutions chosen. Like neat opening traps to spring on your opponent? GM Rainer Knaak presents a nasty one in video from the Exchange Slav that results from natural looking moves, precisely the kind a careless opponent might fall for.
A lesson in tactics is there with 31 assorted positions from tournaments, and Peter Wells, who has commanded the highly-praised Strategy articles for over ten years, discusses the sticky question "Just what do we mean by a harmonious position"? in part one of a promising topic. For endgame wizardy and instruction, there is the steady hand of expert GM Karsten Mueller, who analyzes no fewer than 38 chosen positions, including seven videos which he presents in over 40 minutes.
Finally there are the openings, and again there is a wealth of information for the consumer. To begin with there are thirteen openings surveys covering offbeat lines such as the King's Indian Torre attack, to more common openings such as the French Advance by Moskalenko, author of the praised 'The Flexible French', and original works such as the Grivas's Grivas Sicilian which has been the subject of a book and a series spanning several issues of CBM.
Shirov undertakes a theoretical survey of the incredibly complicated (and exciting)
Botvinnik System of the last seven to eight months.
This is hardly all though, as there are also the openings videos, and the content is vast. Alexei Shirov brings a video lasting over 50 minutes in which he discusses the chaotic Botvinnik System and overviews the theory that has been played over the last seven to eight months. GM Leonid Kritz also brings a video lasting 18 minutes on the Albin Counter Gambit and some new ideas that have kept it alive. Finally there is the first part of a video by IM Andrew Martin that lasts over 32 minutes on an unusual system in the French he dubs the Eco-French which will be continued in the next issues of CBM.
Finally, it bears mentioning there is also a generous section on correspondence chess with information on where to play and how, as well as a number of games, several of which were commented by the correspondence GMs Roberto Alvarez and Juan Sebastian Morgado.
In view of the sheer quantity of quality content covering so many areas, it seems almost unnecessary to state that it is good value for the $22 it costs. If you love chess, and have never indulged in an issue of ChessBase Magazine, much less a subscription, you are really missing out. Each issue comes with ChessBase reader, so even if you do not own ChessBase or Fritz, you can access the content just fine.
ChessBase Magazine 147 can be purchased at the ChessBase Shop.
A taster subscription with three issues and a bonus DVD can also be purchased
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Albert Silver Born in the US, he grew up in Paris, France, where he completed his Baccalaureat, and after college moved to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. He had a peak rating of 2240 FIDE, and was a key designer of Chess Assistant 6. In 2010 he joined the ChessBase family as an editor and writer at ChessBase News. He is also a passionate photographer with work appearing in numerous publications.
"Prestigious University Chess Invitational" taking place in Tianjin
11/28/2019 – Twelve prestigious universities from the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Japan and China have sent chess squads to Tianjin. Nankai University is hosting the event as part of the celebrations of its 100-year anniversary. WGM QIYU ZHOU is in the coastal metropolis representing the University of Toronto. She sent us a pictorial report of her experience so far. | Pictured: Representatives of each university during the opening ceremony. | Photo: Liu Yi
World Cup: Radjabov wins World Cup in blitz!
10/4/2019 – Teimour Radjabov qualified to the next Candidates Tournament by knocking out Maxime Vachier-Lagrave in the classical phase of the World Cup semi-finals, which meant he had an extra rest day heading into the final match against Ding Liren. In parallel, Maxime Vachier-Lagrave is facing Yu Yangyi in the match for third place. Live games and commentary from 10:0 UTC (12 Noon CEST / 6:00 AM EDT). | Photo: FIDE
The Kasparov Gambit
The introductory position of the Kasparov Gambit can occur after 1 d4,1 Nf3 and 1 c4, which can appeal to a wide range of players. The usual move order is 1 d4 Nf6 2 c4 c5 3 Nf3 cxd4 4 Nxd4 e5!? 5 Nb5 d5 6 cxd5 Bc5 bringing us to a very sharp position. On this 60 mins, FIDE Senior Trainer Andrew Martin argues the case from the Black side, showing both classic Kasparov masterpieces and games from the present day and suggests that White's defensive task is not easy. This is a practical gambit which will help players at all levels to win more games. It is ideal for must-win situations with Black. It is a gambit that White cannot decline,as if he does, Black gets a good position instantly. White must take up the cudgels and fight!
Rules for reader comments
The Sniper is a universal opening framework which can be played against all main first white moves - 1.e4, 1.d4, 1.c4, 1.f4 and 1.Nf3. Black plays 1…g6, 2…Bg7 and 3…c5 against practically anything!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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All categories Public Notices
Message from Mayor Wheeler
Police Chief Jim Burchett to Retire from BPD After 28-Year Career
I am delighted and saddened to announce that Bremerton Chief of Police Jim Burchett will be retiring as of May 31, 2021 after nearly 30 years of protecting and serving the people of Bremerton. Burchett has been an exceptional police chief to the City of Bremerton.
A Navy veteran and former shipyard worker, Chief Burchett joined the Bremerton Police Department in 1993 and rose through the ranks. I appointed him as the City's interim police chief in 2018 following the retirement of the former chief of police and he was confirmed by the City Council later that year.
As Bremerton's police chief, Burchett focused on improving police operations and support to the community. He oversaw bringing police back to full staffing levels (the first time since 2007), directed the City's first Intelligence Led Policing initiative to analyze real-time crime data and respond to "hot spots," added a behavioral health professional into the department for crisis intervention in the community and started a body camera program for all officers. Chief Burchett has been committed to outreach with underserved communities and established the first Safe Place program in Kitsap County. Additionally, he helped strengthen policing standards within Bremerton as well as Washington state. He led annual accreditation from the Washington Association of Sheriffs and Police Chief's (WASPC), which standardizes and maintains a higher level of accountability for police operations. Only 20% receive the qualification statewide and he mentored and helped other agencies with their accreditation. Chief Burchett also provided technical assistance and conducted audits of over 20 law enforcement organizations, including critical reviews of agency operations, as part of an executive leadership development program.
Chief Burchett has done an exemplary job as leader of the police department. He's emphasized service, commitment and responsibility as top priorities and it shows in his officers, command staff and support personnel. I appreciate his dedication to continuously seeking ways to strengthen local policing and the law enforcement profession. He has been a great resource to our community.
About his time as head of the police department, Burchett shared a few words about serving as police chief. "I would like to thank Mayor Wheeler for giving me the opportunity to serve as Chief. He has been supportive and stood by the police department as we've worked to strive for excellence and, at the same time, to overcome the inevitable challenges we've faced. Mayor Wheeler has been forthright, ethical and one of the best leaders I've worked for. I would also like to thank the men and women of the Bremerton Police Department for their outstanding professionalism and sense of duty to the community. In my role, I've visited many different police departments. None of them have surpassed the staff of the Bremerton Police Department for overall excellence. The people of Bremerton have a valuable asset in their police department that not every community enjoys."
The City of Bremerton will begin the recruitment process for the position in the coming weeks.
Chief Burchett will be greatly missed. I wish he and his family the very best during his well-deserved retirement.
Greg Wheeler
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GILLESPIE, B reached on a throwing error by ss, advanced to second on the error (2-2).
McSHANE doubled to right center (1-2).
McSHANE advanced to third on a wild pitch.
SOLBERG, R. singled to left field, RBI (1-1); McSHANE scored.
SHIRLEY, J. singled up the middle (2-1).
HERMANN singled through the left side (1-1).
UNES singled through the right side (1-2); HERMANN advanced to third.
UNES stole second, advanced to third on a throwing error by c; HERMANN scored.
TAYLOR flied out to cf, SF, RBI (1-0); UNES scored, unearned.
LARIVEE, A. singled through the left side (1-1).
SOLBERG, R. doubled to left center (0-0).
WILSON homered to right field, 2 RBI (2-1); SOLBERG, R. scored.
SHIRLEY, J. doubled to right center, RBI (1-1); SALUGA, D. scored.
TAYLOR singled up the middle (1-2).
PEAKE doubled down the rf line, RBI (0-1); TAYLOR scored.
PEAKE advanced to third on a wild pitch.
PORCARO lined out to cf, SF, RBI (2-2); PEAKE scored.
THICKE to p for PETERSON.
GILLESPIE, B singled to right field (1-1).
SALUGA, D. hit by pitch (0-1); GILLESPIE, B advanced to second.
HIX, K. walked (3-1); SALUGA, D. advanced to second; GILLESPIE, B advanced to third.
ROSS, J. walked, RBI (3-2); HIX, K. advanced to second; SALUGA, D. advanced to third; GILLESPIE, B scored.
WILSON singled down the rf line (0-0).
LIPARI, P. walked (3-1); WILLOUGHBY advanced to second.
LARIVEE, A. walked (3-0); LIPARI, P. advanced to second; WILLOUGHBY advanced to third.
JAQUISH to p for THICKE.
GILLESPIE, B hit by pitch, RBI (1-2); LARIVEE, A. advanced to second; LIPARI, P. advanced to third; WILLOUGHBY scored.
SULLIVAN, M. reached on a fielder's choice to second base, RBI (2-2); GILLESPIE, B out at second 2b unassisted; LARIVEE, A. advanced to third; LIPARI, P. scored.
KONDERS, A. to p for O'BRIEN, P..
GILLESPIE, B doubled to right center (0-0).
SULLIVAN, M. singled through the left side, RBI (2-2); GILLESPIE, B scored.
ARCURI, L. pinch hit for SALUGA, D..
ARCURI, L. singled down the lf line (2-2); SULLIVAN, M. advanced to second.
HIX, K. walked (3-1); ARCURI, L. advanced to second; SULLIVAN, M. advanced to third.
WILSON singled through the right side (0-0).
DiNELLO, N. pinch hit for WILLOUGHBY.
DiNELLO, N. singled through the left side (3-1).
LIPARI, P. hit by pitch (0-0); DiNELLO, N. advanced to second.
LIPARI, P. advanced to second; DiNELLO, N. advanced to third on a wild pitch.


#VOTY18 – Let's Do It Again!
It's almost that time…it is #VOTY time!
For the umpteenth time in this site's history, we are getting things under way for a new season of #VOTY – all the way to the awarding of #VOTY18.
Getting to the #VOTY is the hard part. Each candidate vehicle receives a full evaluation of the format, metrics, and process is undertaken. These numbers are crunched and are presented to a Short List for panel evaluation. Then, a list of finalists is available for your vote. It is that simple.
The Long List will consist of vehicles that were for a full review only in Victory & Reseda and other publications written by Randy Stern from November 1, 2017 to October 31, 2018. These reviews will have appeared only in Victory & Reseda. No vehicles driven at events or written as Quickies (unless they have been fully reviewed within the period stated above) are included in the Long List.
The Long List will not include former winners of the #VOTY unless the vehicle has been significantly changed from the last award.
The candidates on the Long List will go through an evaluation process based on the data from each review. Evaluations go through each review to glean metrics from exterior design, interior space, ergonomics and comfort, driveline and performance, driving dynamics, fuel economy, and pricing. Scores are tabulated from a 1-5 scale – 5 being best – and added up for a total score.
Additional evaluations are added to the score, based on feedback on each vehicle by the readers. The more feedback a vehicle gets, the better the score – also based on a 1-5 scale. No feedback essentially means that no score is given to the candidate.
After compiling the scores, the Long List will be announced and a Panel of Media Professionals and Influencers will convene to review the list. They will present their choices to V&R.
The top five vehicles as chosen by the panel will become Finalists for a public vote. These five Finalists will appear on an online ballot – driven by SurveyMonkey – for a public vote. These votes will be added to the total score. The highest overall score becomes the #VOTY18.
October 31, 2018: The Long List is complied and announced. Evaluation process concludes.
November 15, 2018: The latest when the Panel will submit their input from the Long List. All scores will be compiled. The five finalists will be announced on our social media channels. The Public Vote will commence at 12:00 PM ET.
November 28, 2018: The Public Vote closes at 11:59PM ET.
November 29, 2018: #VOTY16 will be announced on all of our social media channels and on V&R at 8:00 PM ET.
The award will be given out at an auto show (to be announced) in the First Quarter of 2019. Expect a lot of Facebook, Twitter and Instagram traffic, along with posts on this site, promoting this year's #VOTY. There is a hashtag to follow: #VOTY18.
The #VOTY18 should be one where there is a real winner in the end. What makes this award worthwhile is it being a social media-based award that leads to one important element in the process – you.
Are you ready for November? V&R is ready! Let's celebrate ten years of the most audacious vehicle award by a web outlet ever!


text:
Editors Pick • Lifestyle
Face-Off: Pablo Escobar Vs Joaquin "El Chapo" Guzman
by Sam Kessler
Two drug lords, two narcotic empires and two absurdly good moustaches: it's the clash of the cartel kingpins, Colombia's Pablo Escobar and Mexico's Joaquin "El Chapo" Guzman…
PABLO ESCOBAR: Escobar's Medellin cartel was responsible for 80% of the cocaine that entered the USA during his reign of terror. He pretty much single-handedly set up the narcotics infrastructure of today. He also became a congressman, built his own prison and had an eventual body count of around 4,000 people.
EL CHAPO: The Sinaloa cartel was responsible for half of all narcotics making their way into the states – and over 4,000 pounds a month of cocaine into Chicago alone, enough that he became the city's first Public Enemy No. 1 since Al Capone.
PABLO ESCOBAR: Narcos is the drug cartel drama all others should live up to. The realism seems at odds with the sheer ridiculousness of the material… until you remember this actually happened. Well, mostly. It depends how much you listen to Escobar's son on the matter.
EL CHAPO: El Chapo is decent enough. It's just that in nearly every instance, Narcos does it better, from the realistic brutality to the characters perpetually stuck in a mire of moral grey areas. Still, not a bad binge watch.
The Money
PABLO ESCOBAR: It's hard to pin down the amount of money Escobar earned, but estimates place it around $30 billion. He spent $2,500 a month on rubber bands just to hold his cash – as well as offering to pay Colombia's $10 billion debt.
EL CHAPO: Some drug lords keep their fortunes under wraps; Guzman on the other hand was recognised on Forbes' billionaires list in 2009. We can only wonder what his tax return was like.
The Extravagance
PABLO ESCOBAR: Escobar set up a zoo containing hippos and giraffes, and bought a jet just to fly his money. His money flew more luxuriously than most of us do. Go figure.
EL CHAPO: Guzman tended to live humbly – when he wasn't smuggling prostitutes and drugs into prison. The biggest expense was an apparent $100 million bounty on Donald Trump's head. For a man known for building tunnels, it's surprising he cares so much about that wall…
The Watches
Pablo's diamond encrusted Day-Date sold at auction for only $8,500.
PABLO ESCOBAR: Escobar didn't have a huge collection of watches, but the Rolex Day Date he did wear had more than enough diamonds to fill the void. It was auctioned off a few years ago for just $8,500, which is kind of sad really.
EL CHAPO: Considering he's spent time on the run, Guzman didn't show off his wrist candy that much. His sons, on the other hand, love Twitter. Three or so Hublot Big Bangs, a clutch of Richard Milles, a Rolex Day-Date and a solid gold Urwerk UR-210 – apparently the sins of the father pay pretty well.
PABLO ESCOBAR: From almost becoming one of the leaders of the country to being shot dead on a crumbling rooftop with police officers posing for photographs… things didn't turn out well for the mighty Escobar.
EL CHAPO: This man just won't stay put! A serial escape artist, Guzman jumped his prison ship in 2001 and 2014 and was only recaptured in 2016. In short, he's still very much in the game.
Verdict?
While Escobar's legacy is remarkable, we're going to have to give this one to El Chapo. Not only is the man still alive, but he was still breaking out of prison at close to 60. If only he took a few minutes to drum some of his own discretion – and taste – into his kids, starting by banning them from social media…
Share the post "Face-Off: Pablo Escobar Vs Joaquin "El Chapo" Guzman"
Sam Kessler
Legend has it that Sam's first word was 'escapement' and, while he might have started that legend himself, he's been in the watch world long enough that it makes little difference. As the editor of Oracle Time, he's our leading man for all things horological – even if he does love yellow dials to a worrying degree. Owns a Pogue; doesn't own an Oyster Perpetual. Yet.
The Watches Worn by The Beatles, an Unlikely Love Story
We have a look at the most iconic watches owned by members of The Beatles and, heads-up, it's a...
The Luxury Watches on Show in House of Gucci
Gucci is one of the biggest fashion brands in the world, so it's small wonder that there are some...
Ballon d'Or Winner Lionel Messi Gifted Wristwatch, a Unique Purnell Escape Ballon d'Or Tourbillon
Purnell have created a unique Escape Ballon d'Or Tourbillon watch for the winner of the prestigious...
Jonah Hill Spotted with Fake Richard Mille in New Blockbuster 'Don't Look Up'
In upcoming satirical comedy Don't Look Up, Jonah Hill sports a rare Richard Mille but all is not...


Terry Pawson Architects' VISUAL & the George Bernard Shaw Theatre provides Ireland with a significant new arts space to showcase contemporary visual arts and theatre of national and international importance.
Unique to Ireland, the new building features an expansive gallery space with a ceiling height of 12m to accommodate large-scale sculpture and installation, the scale of which has not been easily accommodated in Ireland to date.
Terry Pawson Architects won an open Royal Institute of Architects Ireland (RIAI) architectural competition for the contemporarry arts centre in 2004. The 3,726 sqm 3-storey building occupies a much larger footprint than the original competition proposal, a strategy which was made possible by the council's approval to remove a neighbouring ruined stone wall. The larger site affords sufficient space for the two characters of the centre – the gallery and theatre – to be expressed and unified within one coherent form.
The building presents itself as an assembly of different sized volumes clad in opaque glass raised on a concrete plinth, with the largest gallery at its centre and smaller galleries and theatre spiralling around it.
The muteness of the opaque glass harmonises with the neutral grey of the town's local limestone. The glass provides a blank canvas to absorb natural light in the day and project more dynamic low-level lighting at night. During the day natural light filters into the main galleries creating a calm introspective environment conducive to the production and appreciation of visual art. At night the façade is illuminated, projecting a more exuberant glowing presence for the theatre and performance space.


Nor is today's poll a flash-in-the-pan. None of the last 12 polls has shown the Tories reaching 40%, the psychologically crucial hurdle most feel they need to be able to clear to be sure of a working Commons majority. Only one of those polls has shown Labour below 30%, and – sigh of relief from Cowley Street – the Lib Dems appear not to be being significantly squeezed.
The poll closes tomorrow morning, and will be reported in our Monday morning Daily View 2×2.
… the Tories, and especially Mr Cameron, have lost sight of their strategy of detoxifying the brand. … the complacency of the Tory leadership [is] that they have done enough to convince the public the Tories have genuinely changed, and that it's now safe again to revert to their true, Thatcherite type in order to unite the party.
What was once a depressingly effective Tory strategy of 'love-bombing the Lib Dems' – talk big on the environment, civil liberties and democratic reform while promising no policies – has been jettisoned in favour of throwing red meat to the right-wing (blaming 'big government' for the recession, and tax-breaks for marriage and millionaires). Thank God.
Instead of sticking to his guns, and determinedly staying the course in the moderate, centre-ground to reassure floating voters, Mr Cameron has felt it safe to shore up his core vote. In doing so, he has reminded those voters, who were slowly being won round to the notion that maybe this time it might be safe to vote Tory (and at the very least get rid of Labour and Mr Brown), that the party Mr Cameron leads is still the same old Tories.


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text:
Q: I need remove unnecessary json objects form my result json file using javascript I have result json file with 10000 of lines. inside the one array object  there are some unnecessary json object i need remove. I have tried so many ways but it's didn't work for me. herewith the piece line of json file
[
  {
    "product_id": "easybridge",
    "errors": []
  },
  {
    "product_id": "learningstudio",
    "errors": []
  },
  {
    "product_id": "pearsontestprep",
    "errors": []
  },
  {
    "product_id": "productization",
    "errors": []
  },
  {
    "product_id": "equella",
    "errors": [
      {
        "property": "instance.test_ids[1]",
        "message": "requires property \"maintenance\"",
        "schema": {
          "$id": "#/properties/test_ids/items",
          ],
          "properties": {
            "trend": {
              "$id": "#/properties/test_ids/items/properties/trend",
              "examples": [
                true
              ]
            },
            "display": {
              "$id": "#/properties/test_ids/items/properties/display",
              "type": "boolean",
              "examples": [
                true
              ]
            },
            "test_id": {
              "$id": "#/properties/test_ids/items/properties/test_id",
              "type": "string",
            },
            "test_name": {
              "$id": "#/properties/test_ids/items/properties/test_name",
              "type": "string",
            },
            "maintenance": {
              "$id": "#/properties/test_ids/items/properties/maintenance",
              "type": "boolean",
              ]
            },
        "instance": {
          "trend": false,
          "display": false,
          "test_id": "8597ae3c-e2a9-45c7-b279-bde1710681be",
          "test_name": "Equella Pearsonresearch Ping Test",
          "nrAlertStatus": "enabled",
          "test_locations": [
            {

              "alert_state": false,
              "location_name": "AWS_US_WEST_2",
              "location_label": "Portland, OR, USA",
              "included_to_health": false
            }
          ],
          "included_to_health": false,
          "critical_alert_threshold": 60
        },
        "name": "required",
        "argument": "maintenance",
        "stack": "instance.test_ids[1] requires property \"maintenance\""

  {
    "product_id": "easybridge",
    "errors": []
  },

I just need only
{
    "product_id": "equella",
    "errors": [
      {
        "property": "instance.test_ids[1]",
        "message": "requires property \"maintenance\"",
      }
 },

if the errors json array is not empty. i don't need even this json how can i remove "schema" json object and other unnecessary json object and arrays specially "schema" json object using java script or java. please help

A: Loop through the array, look at each object, and create a new array by copying over the data you need.
For instance, I'm taking it you don't care about an object if its array of errors is empty, and that you don't care about the schema ever:
let newJSON = [];

//Assume the json variable is the parsed JSON file you posted.
for (let element of json) {

    //Must have at least one error
    if (element.errors.length > 0) {

        //Create a new object
        let newObj = {
            "product_id" : element.product_id,
            "errors" : []
        };

        //Add each errror

        for (let error of element.errors) {

            //Only copy across what we need
            newObj.errors.push({
                "property" : error.property,
                "message" : error.message
            });
        }

        //Add object to our new array of JSON
        newJSON.push(newObj);
    }
}

//newJSON is your processed JSON output

A: The easiest solution can be:

const records = [{
  "product_id": "learningstudio",
  "errors": []
},
{
  "product_id": "pearsontestprep",
  "errors": []
},
{
  "product_id": "equella",
  "errors": [{
    "property": "instance.test_ids[1]",
    "message": "requires property \"maintenance\"",
    "schema": {
      "$id": "#/properties/test_ids/items",
     }
  }]
}];

const filteredRecords = records.map((record) => {
  record.errors = record.errors.map((error) => {
    return {property: error. property, message: error.message};
  });
  return record;
});

console.log(filteredRecords);

A: You can use map and destructuring assignment to capture only desired properties

let json = [{"product_id": "equella", "errors": [{"property": "instance.test_ids[1]","message": "requires property \"maintenance\"",'xyz': 'not needed','useless': 'not needed',},{'xyz': 'not needed',}]},]

let op = json.map(({product_id,errors}) =>{
 let { property, message } = errors[0]
 return { product_id, errors: {property,message}}
})

 console.log(op)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Safety | Security | Effectiveness
Should the private-sector lead post-conflict redevelopment?
One of the most common issues of any post-conflict country is the Government's lack of money. Usually during conflict, there is reduced economic activity, with large funds spent on the war machine, and high % borrowing to further fuel the conflict. This means that directly after war, the country is usually at its most debt laden and low cash reserves state. The Government is therefore probably in its most hard-up position to be able to spend on any schemes aimed at rebuilding the country economically, socially and infrastructurally.
In this position, Governments usually take loans from regional development banks to fund such programs, provided they abide by strict policy reforms usually directed at correcting human rights failures during the conflict and that remain unchallenged, or to improve state budget affairs through serious Governance reforms amongst other changes. This however is a longer term and more arduous application process given that the victors of war were usually those who committed the greatest atrocities in the final stages in order to secure victory, and so the expected wave of nationalism that clouds rational thinking post-conflict makes successfully winning these funds from institutional banks all the more difficult and less likely.
An alternative source of capital, and usually the most popular, are loans taken from allies who had supported the victor's war effort, and may subsequently hold a geo-political interest in the country. These countries are usually the first responders to cash-calls, and these countries know they hold the bargaining power given their pivotal role at the close of war as well as now dominant position in negotiations. This is a reality the post-conflict country must face, because economic stimulus of any form is required in order to prevent the country falling back into discontent and therefore at risk of conflict again.
It is here where the private-sector finds itself an unknown powerful proposition. Not bound by treaties, strict funding requirements and applications, quicker decision making processes, and flexibility across sectors, the private sector has the ability at this stage of the post-conflict redevelopment process to build market-share in ways and speeds not possible in developed stable economies, and least not at all possible in governmental backed enterprises. The private sector can do what it does best, and find the entrepreneurial opportunity to make significant money in a context where there is significant need. This is not manipulation or taking advantage of the social context - these businesses must succeed for the private-sector to make their efforts worthwhile - the upfront investment of time, money, network building, market understanding and so on cannot be underestimated. This can take years, and sometimes this could mean missing the boat on opportunities, so the process is not an easy or simple one. However, if given the right incentives, the right flexibility, and right support, the private sector could flourish where Government backed initiatives would inevitably take longer to realise.
In Sri Lanka, we have seen this happen, with one of the best examples being the Internally Displaced People's (IDPs) housing projects. It has been 8 years since the end of the war, however there are still thousands of families without suitable housing to come close to what life people had before the war. Many programs have been talked about, and foreign governments have pledged support, however this process has taken too long for the families themselves. It is in these contexts where private sector should have the incentives and opportunities to fill the gap because this is where there is the greatest needs for the people. It is in the country's best interest to mobilise and get those societies, that had been cut off from the island, working and living again, because this would mean more tax revenues, happier societies, and therefore a reduced risk of future conflict. The Government isn't to blame - they have no money, and many of the government officials wouldn't have wanted to engage in another war-like effort of rehousing hundreds of thousands of people when they would have wished to take a break and enjoy peace. But there are many private-entities who would have the capacity to fill these gaps, and they should be encouraged to do so.
Around the island, this scenario plays out for varying schemes. In Colombo, we are seeing it on a different scale and context - in the condominium developments, which has been a major attractor of FDI, bringing new employment opportunities and much needed revenues to the Government. Whilst these are not social ventures, and make the developer handsome profits, these at least are an example of economic activity leveraging the economic and political climate, that is doing something for national redevelopment. We need development at this end of the spectrum as well as on the side of housing for IDPs, and I believe wholeheartedly that only the Private-Sector can achieve this at the pace and scale needed for a country like Sri Lanka to move from where it is now, to a standard where all people are developing economically and personally.
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Different people prefer to learn in different ways. Ensure more people get more of your multimedia message by making a transcript available and adding captions to your video materials like recorded lectures, movie/audio clips, etc.
Augmenting your text-based web page or document with media, such as audio, video, or animation, can enhance your content and support your audience's learning processes better than text alone.
For example, an audio recording of a 911 call may convey the urgency of that situation more vividly than a text-based transcript of the call. A video of how to seed a pomegranate may convey the steps involved in that task more efficiently than text and pictures. An animation that depicts the mechanics of external combustion may help a student conceptualize the inner workings of a steam engine when it's not feasible to take one apart themselves.
Create a script before recording. As you write the script, make sure everything you plan to show on the screen, you also voice in the narration. For example, say "Click the edit menu on the formatting tools ribbon to access the image resizing options in PowerPoint" rather than simply "resize the image".
Not only does a script help you create a more focused recording, but it can then be repurposed as a transcript to accompany audio or captions for a video.
Ensure that video with unvoiced content (e.g., information that appears on the screen but is not part of the narrated content) is added to the video file as audio descriptions.
Choose a playback tool that is both mouse- and keyboard-navigable, and that allows the user to adjust the quality and speed of playback. For this reason, YouTube is a good choice for hosting video, and Google Drive is a good choice for hosting audio clips.


The process of adding Calcium Silicide to steel in cored wire form provides an effective, efficient and controlled treatment with the following advantages:.
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apor pressure of magnesium in the reduction of magnesium .
(120) proposed a mechanism in which the effective reducing agent is calcium silicide, CaSi 2 . Flowsheet for the preparation of cell feed (schematic) Although it is not the only . MgO particles are weighed on a Mettler Toledo weighing device, and .. Company · Careers. Support. Help center · FAQ. Business solutions.
slightly higher than calcium fed at earlier stages of the ladle treatment (just after AOD), providing better Ca- ... Centrifugal casting is used to manufacture highly engineering castings, turbine blades . order to increase the service life of the mold and equipment, as well as to reduce the .. The manganese silicate inclusions.
Calcium Silicide CaSi2 bulk & research qty manufacturer. Properties, SDS, Applications, Price. Free samples program. Term contracts & credit cards/PayPal.
Calcium Silicide is an inorganic compound (a silicide of Calcium). It is whitish, dark grey to black solid matter with a melting point of 1033°C. It is insoluble in.
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Calcium, along with its alloys and compounds, is evaporated under vacuum to . must drop ship from US headquarters on customer provided Fed Ex Account.
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ll Mill Used for Minerals/Ores Grinding Jack-up device, easy maintenance; The hydros… . zinc powder feeder is a kind of zinc powder feeding machine newly developed by Xinh… . Shicheng Oasis Mineral Equipment Manufacturing, China Experts in Manufacturing and . mining ore calcium silicide plant at germany.
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text:
Кьо́нга () — село у складі Бакчарського району Томської області, Росія. Входить до складу Парбізького сільського поселення.

Населення
Населення — 115 осіб (2010; 199 у 2002).

Національний склад (станом на 2002 рік):
 росіяни — 93 %

Джерела

Примітки

Посилання
 На Вікімапії

Населені пункти Бакчарського району
Села Томської області


text:
World End Syndrome Focuses On Romance In New Trailer
Mystery Visual Novel 'World End Syndrome' Focuses on Romance in New Trailer
May 30, 2019 May 30, 2019 Azario Lopez
PQube released a new trailer for the Arc System Works developed adventure visual novel World End Syndrome, available now on PlayStation 4 and Nintendo Switch digitally in North America and launching on June 14 digitally and physically in Europe, with a day-one edition available.
The trailer focuses on the multiple romanceable routes that players can find themselves in as they figure out more about the strange events happening around town. Throughout the game, players will make choices about how to spend their time and multiple playthroughs will reveal new truths about characters and their situations.
World End Syndrome tells the story of a mysterious adventure following the events after a high school girl goes missing and her body is found by a river. Throughout the story, players will collect clues with the help of their friends as they figure out what exactly happened. Furthermore, the story allows players to freely explore different scenes as they become closer to the five heroines in the game.
World End Syndrome is written and directed by 7'scarlet scenario writer and director Kanazawa Tomio. The story follows a male protagonist who moves to the sea town of Mihate and begins as he starts his first day of school. However, it seems like there's a mystery to discover when a local legend suggests that every 100 years the dead come back to life.
In case you missed it, check out our review of the game.
You can watch the new romance trailer below:
Survival Horror 'Tormented Souls' Launches Free Update and Plans for PS4, Xbox One, and Switch Release in Early 2022
October 25, 2021 Azario Lopez
Gal*Gun Returns Review – The Best Day Ever
February 8, 2021 February 10, 2021 Azario Lopez
Insane Third-Person Shooter 'Gun Gun Pixies' Announced for Switch in the West
March 4, 2019 March 4, 2019 Noisy Pixel Staff


Previous message: [erlang-questions] Query Optimizer on Fragmented Mnesia Table Bypassed on Indexed values..?
I think, we've found a bug in inet_res.
*first* nameserver in /etc/resolv.conf inexistent (or down in my case).
I couldn't find any info about gen_udp:connect nor erlang:port_get_data/1.
But commenting following line helped.
query_udp_recv(S, IP, Port, Id, Timeout, Verbose).
Can anyone tell me is it really a bug? And what gen_udp:connect/3 do?


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