text:
VMware survives GPL breach case, but plaintiff promises appeal
Linux kernel developer Christoph Hellwig's bid to have VMware's knuckles rapped for breaching the GNU General Public Licence (GPL) has failed, for now, after the Landgericht Hamburg found in Virtzilla's favour. The Software Freedom Conservancy backed Hellwig when he alleged that some of his contributions to the Linux kernel …
Monday 15th August 2016 08:31 GMT Anonymous Coward
Given that a lot of the code in question seems to be related to SCSI, I wonder how much the shape of such code is effectively mandated by the SCSI standards, and how much is left up to the imagination of the programmer?
After all, if the standards effectively say "Do this, this and this" it would hardly be surprising if different implementations end up looking similar.
It's like that with electronic components. The data sheets say "lay out your board like this". Guess what - every board using that component ends up looking very similar.
Monday 15th August 2016 10:15 GMT Hans 1
Court item 50:
A linux patch to the Linux scsi device driver was taken over to 99% by vmware in vmklinux. I think that this probably means that vmkernel must implement "very" similar calls to Linux, but that is just "wild speculation" on my part (IANAL) ...
Sadly, just saying that vmkernel might contain Linux source code is not enough for the court, they want exact lines, however, since vmkernel is proprietary, you cannot say without the source.
Tuesday 16th August 2016 09:25 GMT Anonymous Coward
>They want exact lines, however, since vmkernel is proprietary, you cannot say without the source.
Isn't that what court orders, injunctions, subpoenas, warrants, summonses and all that sort of stuff are supposed to be for?
Sounds to me like the court simply didn't want to know.
(Just in case you can't tell: IANALE)
Monday 15th August 2016 08:41 GMT Mk4
How to know when a corp. has pinched your code?
Frivolous cases aside, could the court order an independent and private review of proprietary code to compare it with the open source code it's supposed to have pinched from? Hang on a minute! I might be wrong but it's just possible this could be automated! :-D
Monday 15th August 2016 09:21 GMT davenewman
Inappropriate gavels
German courts, like English courts do not use a gavel. That is an Americanism. So don't use that misleading stock photo.See http://inappropriategavels.tumblr.com/
Monday 15th August 2016 13:35 GMT no-one in particular
Re: Inappropriate gavels
I assumed it meant that this case is an auction, deepest pockets win...
Monday 15th August 2016 10:00 GMT jms222
Much GPL software is likewise pretty much a copy of what was already available under other licenses (BSD) and the "writers" just made something functionally equivalent with a different license.
1 14 Reply
> is likewise pretty much a copy
No, it is NOT, not at all ... I am pretty sure you cannot copy a scsi driver patch from Linux and apply it to a BSD, changing only 1% of the source code.
> The "writers" just made something functionally equivalent with a different license.
BSD explicitly allows copying code, GNU/LINUX does NOT!!!!
Why did VMWare not use BSD iso Linux, that is the question ...
> Much GPL software is...
That's a pretty huge over-generalization. A lot of code is re-implemented, meaning folks had to re-write the code to implement the same behavior, on the BSD side of things since these are the folks without the "must use same license" clause and can't just "borrow" it.
> ...changing only 1% of the source code.
That actually is a "depends upon the bits being lifted" since if it doesn't involve the kernel structures, then it is possible in some places. Albeit rather small places places.
> ...not use BSD...
Because the point was to create a Linux derived object, not a BSD one.
Just clarifying and not weighing in on the case.
@Hans 1,
Er, I think you have misread jms222's comment. He's suggesting that a lot of GNU'd code was inspired by BSD'd code which, as BSD is more permissive, is probably fine.
Which begs the question as to whether or not such GPL code is appropriately licensed. Some guy lightly alters some BSD code and then whacks GPL all over it. That's a bit disingenuous, even if permitted by BSD. For the avoidance of future doubt such code should at least come with some statement of origin.
In this particular case, if the relevant sections of VMWare's code also has strong similarity to chunks of BSD code then I don't really see how Hellwig will be able to sustain his case. The SCF analysis compared the entire Linux code base with the entire FreeBSD code base; what would also be interesting is if they repeated the analysis of the lines Hellwig wrote for Linux with the equivalent in FreeBSD, a much smaller and more focused comparison.
On the topic of the SCF's comparison of various functions, the fact that there is no consistency to the ratios of similarities suggests to me a lack of whole sale copying. A straightforward copy and obfuscation would surely result in more evenness between the various functions they've analysed. Whereas in fact some are barely similar at all. Also, after all that work, where's the side by side comparison for us all to see?!
@AC
>Er, I think you have misread jms222's comment. He's suggesting that a lot of GNU'd code was inspired by BSD'd code which, as BSD is more permissive, is probably fine.
No, no, no, no AND NO ?
1. BSD was, at the time the Linux kernel was written, still in legal disputes on the matter of the copyright of its code.
2. Linux was written from scratch, mostly ... the kernel, I mean. The userland tools as well ... now, you will certainly find this or that, such as the zfs implementation ...
>Which begs the question as to whether or not such GPL code is appropriately licensed. Some guy lightly alters some BSD code and then whacks GPL all over it. That's a bit disingenuous, even if permitted by BSD. For the avoidance of future doubt such code should at least come with some statement of origin.
WTF ? Seriously, WTF? A great number of proprietary software houses abuse BSD's "openness" and never give anything back ... look at the worst bloatware purveyor on this planet, namely Microsoft, they have repeatedly taken stuff from BSD, most notably, its TCP/IP stack.
Now, how is this any worse than what GPL types do ? I mean, GPL'd code is freely available, provided you stick to the license - it is not. GPL is there so that proprietary competitors do not use the work of a gazillion devs in their proprietary BS.
@Hans1,
Well, clearly the BSD guys are cool with that, otherwise their license wouldn't be written the way it is.
And as you mention Microsoft and the BSD stack in particular, you are being a ignorantly harsh on them. I have glanced at the Darwin source code, which is available from Apple, and is based on FreeBSD. And there, right in the heart of the stack source code, is a whole load of comments related to Windows.
Yes that's right. MS have taken the stack code, made some changes, and then pushed them back to the community where they have been accepted (at least by some other parties). So shove that rabid anti-MS all-commercial-is-bad attitude back in your head an let it fester there.
Tuesday 16th August 2016 13:54 GMT Hans 1
>And as you mention Microsoft and the BSD stack in particular, you are being a ignorantly harsh on them. I have glanced at the Darwin source code, which is available from Apple, and is based on FreeBSD. And there, right in the heart of the stack source code, is a whole load of comments related to Windows.
Yes, indeed, PPTP, SMB, CIFS ... of course there is ;-)
Now, I do not have all the source code handily available, but I downloaded network_cmds from OS X 10.0 (closest to BSD, imho), and found a reference to PPTP with Microsoft, not sure MS wrote that, however, if they did, thanks ... but no thanks, nobody wants to use that security sieve.
As for all the many, many, many references to Windows, those are for clarifying what a file extension or DLL is (for the Windows lusers) ... just saying ... if you have proof to the contrary, feel free to share with me ... I can also be wrong, sometimes ...
>So shove that rabid anti-MS all-commercial-is-bad attitude back in your head an let it fester there.
Commercial is bad, as you have no control over what is running on your system. An installer might be installing a security update or a start menu replacement ... that is, if your are lucky ... it might also install nagware to get you to update to the latest version of Windows, telemetry software or, heaven forbid, a browser toolbar with search hijacker, who knows ? None of that shit in Linux or FreeBSD, where all the software I need is in the repos, with source handily available ... the non-free stuff is in the non-free repo, there you have similar issues, however, those binaries are somewhat vetted, and optional, disabled by default (on my distribution of choice).
You are all learning this the hard way and I know it hurts your feelings. Let out your wrath, you know where the down-vote button is, don't you ?
Tuesday 16th August 2016 05:33 GMT bazza
FreeBSD came into being in 1993, about 2 years after Linux first hit the servers. Linux was massively incomplete (compared to today) at that stage, and both have grown up more or less in parallel. FreeBSD itself has earlier origins, 386BSD, etc, which go all the way back to 1976; Linux was just 6 years old at the time and, gifted though he is, I doubt he was writing Linux back then.
What, there's no BSD-inspired code in there at all? Not one single line? I don't really care, but I bet you cannot prove that.
Are you crazy? GPL is cool with usage in proprietary systems so long as the terms of the license are adhered to. There's no "For non-commercial uses only" clause like there is in some proprietary licenses (eg VMWARE Player, a great proprietary gift to the world). Linus even resisted transfer of Linux from GPL2 to GPL3 to ensure that use of Linux didn't drop off as a result.
>BSD-inspired code
Define "BSD-inspired code" ... very loose term. We are talking code-lifting here, as in, I copy 1000 lines of code, change a few variable names, change indentation, and claim the lot is my brain-child. Not GNU cat, for example, which was inspired by UNIX cat. At the time, there were copyright disputes for the BSD flavor of UNIX, so they could not lift the code.
>I don't really care, but I bet you cannot prove that.
There is, ex ZFS, but most is original work.
The GPL is there so that a company does not use Linux without releasing the code of the Linux kernel they are using. If they make changes to the kernel, they MUST share them with the world. VMWare does not do this although they appear to be using substantial parts of the kernel (according to the dev), they'll lose if the dev is right, eventually.
Define "BSD-inspired code" ... very loose term.
Use of some one else's source code to tell one how a device should be driven, rather than plough through some boring over long data sheet or standards document to learn the same information. Of course I'm not suggesting that Hellwig or VMWARE have done that here.
And regardless of that possibility, if both Hellwig and VMWARE based their code on reading the SCSI standards then it's not entirely impossible for the two code bases to end up looking similar, guided as they are by the SCSI standards itself. That's the thing about standards, they are the result of someone else already having done a lot of the thinking on behalf of the software implementer.
I think there'd be something to learn from the SCF repeating their analysis, but for VMWARE's code vs, say, FreeBSD's SCSI code (they did whole kernel vs whole kernel, not just the SCSI code) to see what similarity scores that generates. If they're wildly different then it's possible Hellwig has a point (though as I say above there's still plenty of scope for common solutions arising from separate readings of the SCSI standard). If they're not so different to the scores for VMWARE vs Linux, then Hellwig definitely does not have a point.
We are talking code-lifting here, as in, I copy 1000 lines of code, change a few variable names, change indentation, and claim the lot is my brain-child.
By the SCF's own analysis that's not what's happened here. There's some similarity between some of the functions related to SCSI, whilst others are very different, judging from their stated "ratio of similarity". Not that they're saying what 99% or 14% means: I notice that the SCF haven't put up the two pieces of code side by side for all to see.
At the time, there were copyright disputes for the BSD flavor of UNIX, so they could not lift the code.
By the time FreeBSD came along it was already almost entirely free from AT&T code, most of the work having been done in 1989/1990.
Monday 15th August 2016 14:41 GMT Named coward
Even the most permissive BSD license requires acknowledgement (reproduction of the copyright notice). So if the GNU'd code was "inspired" by BSD it should be appropriately acknowledged.
Drivers...
> Why did VMWare not use BSD iso Linux, that is the question ...
I'm guessing the answer is why they use vmklinux at all: DRIVERS! They know that a lot of companies produce Linux drivers, but very few produce drivers for other OSs (except for Windows, of course).
So using Linux was an "easy win" for VMware.
Re: Drivers...
> I'm guessing the answer is why they use vmklinux at all: DRIVERS!
FreeBSD, for example, has a whack of drivers, too, not as many as Linux, but most enterprise kit should be covered.
The whole point is, Linux probably had more drivers but Linux comes with a burden which is the GPL, FreeBSD have no such burden. If you choose Linux, then you must release the code, if you choose BSD, do as you please.
They thought they could get away with releasing the code to the kernel module, only, without the kernel ... the dev is arguing that the module and kernel are one piece ... VMWare will be paying up, here. The Hamburger court (sorry) already acknowledged that we have a case, here ...
All the dev needs to do now is get the police to investigate code-lifting ... and get more kernel devs into the party ...
Monday 15th August 2016 11:28 GMT Nick Kew
Red herring
Much GPL software is likewise pretty much a copy
If that claim is true, and if it applies to code in question here (two big assumptions), then it would be a defence for VMWare to say "no, we didn't copy the GPL code, we copied the similar BSD code".
Was that defence used? If yes, then I'd expect the report to comment on it. If no then your claim is utterly irrelevant.
Monday 15th August 2016 16:38 GMT thames
It's how much does he own
My understanding of the case is that the problem is not whether VMWare was distributing software in violation of the license terms. It was whether Hellwig could demonstrate that enough of the unlicensed code had copyrights held by him personally as opposed to other software developers. Without demonstrating that a sufficient threshold of unlicensed copying of software owned by him was reached, under German law Hellwig does not have a sufficient complaint against VMWare to proceed.
The court is not saying that the software in question wasn't Hellwig's. They're just saying that Hellwig hasn't shown to their satisfaction which of the code in question was his, versus which of the code in question belonged to other software developers who are not taking part in the lawsuit. Hellwig has to show that he has enough code in question to make a lawsuit worth the court's time.
Where Hellwig went wrong was to not have all his legal ducks in a row before launching the case. If he has a second go at it later, he may be better prepared. He has to present the right evidence at the right time, and he has to do it in the format which the court wants to see. It's a technicality, but that's what lawyers get paid for.
It's cases like this by the way which are why the FSF requires assignment of copyright to them for any projects which they own. That way they don't have any problems proving they have sufficient interest in the software when enforcing the copyrights.
With Linux kernel development on the other hand, the copyrights are distributed over a very large number of parties. That means that getting enough copyright holders together to agree on enforcing the license terms can be difficult.
Linux kernel copyrights
I wonder if that choice of letting everyone hold individual copyrights instead of signing them over was by design from Linus. He has never seemed to be overly bothered by people copying code from the Linux kernel into proprietary products, at least not the degree that Hellwig and certain others are, let alone the FSF.
Linux might not have reached where it was today if copyright had been assigned to the FSF, and there had been a few high profile lawsuits that made large companies back off. Even if they weren't intending to misuse the code, just the worry about accidental misuse causing exposure of their proprietary IP would be enough to dissuade some. Who knows, maybe Android would have ended up based on FreeBSD. Not that I think that would really make any difference to Android, but getting Linux on a billion devices worldwide certainly has helped increase its reach far beyond what anyone would have thought possible 15 years ago.
Re: Linux kernel copyrights
@DougS - There are two ways that GPL licensed projects tend to be run. One is copyright held by a single party, the other is distributed copyright (everyone retains individual copyrights). The latter is the more common one these days.
The FSF got into the game fairly early when "open source" was still considered to be a fairly novel idea, as was downloading software for free off the Internet. They also didn't have big corporate backing to finance lawsuits or a long list of favourable legal precedents, so they wanted to make any court cases as cut and dried as possible. Hellwig's current problem is exactly the sort of thing they were trying to avoid.
The FSF does not like to sue people. They simply want compliance with the terms of their software license. And we should remember that it's Hellwig with Linux kernel code who is suing here, not the FSF.
The case for distributed copyright is that free/open source software has more or less won the argument, and nearly everyone is using it these days. As such, it's grown well beyond the FSF.
When copyright in a work is widely distributed and the license is GPL, it's not possible for a single party to take it proprietary. Thus companies are more willing to participate in large projects because they know they won't be screwed over by someone else.
When copyright is held by a single party or the license is not GPL, as an outside participant you have to "trust" whoever is controlling the project to not screw over the other parties whenever there is a change of management or control. While the FSF may be fairly trustworthy, how far do you trust Oracle with their ownership of MySQL (which they own all the copyrights to)?
With Android, how far would you trust Google to not take it completely proprietary if Linux used a BSD license instead of GPL? They're gradually tightening the screws on the Apache/BSD licensed bits of it. If I was a major phone manufacturer, I would much prefer GPL licensed code as then I would know that I always had an escape hatch if Google went totally "evil".
Generally, a GPL license with widely distributed copyright is "friendlier" to end users, small developers, and businesses who have ongoing support obligations. If you want to create a "community" around a software project it's still the best bet because it doesn't allow anyone to get into a position of privilege with respect to anyone else.


The extent of the widespread suffering caused by faulty medical implants has been laid bare in an investigation. The Guardian's science correspondent Hannah Devlin was one of more than 250 journalists around the world working together to reveal the pain caused to tens of thousands of people fitted with contraceptive devices, medical mesh implants, pacemakers and other items.
We hear from Laura, a mother of five, who says that after receiving a contraceptive implant she had to use a wheelchair, with a devastating impact on her family life.
Plus: the Guardian's Bryan Mealer on his experience following the migrant caravan trying to reach the US.


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class NoScopeNoBrainer
  include NoBrainer::Document
  include AASM

  field :status, type: String

  aasm create_scopes: false, column: :status do
    state :ignored_scope
  end
end

class NoScopeNoBrainerMultiple
  include NoBrainer::Document
  include AASM

  field :status, type: String

  aasm :left, create_scopes: false, column: :status do
    state :ignored_scope
  end
end

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text:
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In this executive leadership case, the activist superintendent of Virginia's affluent Fairfax County public school district, Daniel A. Domenech, is faced with a complex, politically-loaded policy dilemma. At issue is the admissions policy for the county's popular and prestigious magnet high school, the Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology (TJ). TJ is so highly sought-after that only one in six applicants is accepted. The case is set in 2001. In the past 16 years, the admissions policy at TJ has made a pendulum swing: heavy reliance on a single standardized exam in 1985; the addition of an affirmative action program in 1990; the elimination of that program in 1998, in the face of political pressure and anxiety over a "reverse discrimination" lawsuit. As the case opens, TJ is fast losing diversity. The liberal-leaning School Board has instructed Domenech to come up with a way to restore that diversity, but without sacrificing the school's strong academic reputation or making the school system legally vulnerable. After painstaking effort, Domenech and his administrative team have come up with a plan that aims at geographic diversity within the county, rather than racial and ethnic diversity per se. But, faced with an angry reaction from parents from the "overrepresented" neighborhoods, the Board has quickly backed away from the plan. That leaves Domenech back at square one, trying to find a solution that will broaden the range of students at Jefferson in a way that is fair, effective, and legally safe--but also politically palatable.
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www.forum-helfendehand.de » Einsteigerforum »
hold the combine in August in Buffalo.
in Einsteigerforum 21.01.2020 04:31
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« spital awaiting surgery. The sta
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text:
Q: Symbols file with expanded fields in global structs and their addresses I have an STM32 executable generated with GCC from C. In another life, I encountered a .txt file that was output by the compiler which would expand and list all global variables and structs, listing their hex address within the executable and their type - this was useful as it could be parsed by external tools and used to allow us to debug the values within fields in structs and variables that were declared globally without the need for GDB - i.e. we could build it into external tests and automate checks of internal values.
What is the term for this, and is it a default option of GCC or something similar?
The file in question looked somewhat like:
globalStruct->someField.subField T_UINT16 0x400297b31
globalStruct2->someField.subField[0] T_UINT16 0x400297555
globalStruct2->someField.subField[1] T_UINT16 0x400297556
globalStruct2->someField.subField[2] T_UINT16 0x400297557

And so on. Super easy to read and parse as it was space separated.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
What Is Fukushima? Everything To Know About Nuclear Disaster At Daiichi Power Plant
By Juliana Rose Pignataro @julie_pignataro
A masked protester stands in front of flags at the gates to the Hinkley Point nuclear power station to mark the first anniversary of the Fukushima disaster in Bridgwater, England, March 10, 2012. Getty
The coastal prefecture of Fukushima has faced a difficult road since a devastating earthquake and tsunami rocked the area in 2011, killing tens of thousands and causing its nuclear reactor to melt down, leaking radiation and rendering the surrounding provinces uninhabitable.
Since then, the plant's operator, Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO), has been working to clean and decommission the facility. In January, the company bumped its estimate for a full cleaning to $188 billion, noting it would probably take decades.
Radiation levels from the reactors should have faded over time, but TEPCO said Thursday levels inside the Fukushima Daiichi plant reached such astronomical levels, not even a cleaning robot could survive inside. The previous radiation high, measured one year after the disaster, was 73 Sieverts per hour. February's measurements showed radiation levels of 650 Sieverts. A single Sievert would be enough to cause radiation sickness in a person while a dose of 10 Sieverts would likely cause death within weeks.
"I had hoped that the previous results were wrong," a government source told the Japan Times. "But it is certain that there is an area with high radiation levels inside the reactor."
It's the latest bad news for TEPCO, which found what is thought to be nuclear fuel debris inside one of the reactors in January. Such debris is likely the cause of the increased radiation.
The magnitude-9 earthquake that hit Fukushima March 11, 2011, was the worst ever to hit Japan, and the subsequent tsunami caused the worst nuclear disaster since Ukraine's Chernobyl in 1986. The tsunami's waves, more than 130 feet high, breached the plant's seawall, flooding it and knocking its cooling systems offline. Three of the plant's six reactors melted down as a result, leaking radiation.
The International Atomic Energy Agency criticized Japan and TEPCO in 2015 for not taking the proper precautions to protect the plant amid increased concerns about the possibility of an earthquake or tsunami. The organization said TEPCO knew of increased estimates of tsunami height, failed to take proper safety measures and lacked proper protection against flooding.
The plant's continued radiation left the surrounding prefecture a ghost town. More than 300 square miles around Fukushima Daiichi are still uninhabitable.
In this handout image provided by Tokyo Electric Power Co., workers remove nuclear fuel rods from a pool at No. 4 reactor of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in Fukushima, Japan, Nov. 18, 2013. Getty
Fukushima's Radiation Levels Too Destructive Even For Robots
Japan Met Withdraws Tsunami Warning, Cautions Of Future Quakes
Japan Ukraine Tsunami Earthquake
World 'Dangerously Unprepared' For Next Crisis: Red Cross


An evening for future students and whānau to hear subject specific information from some of our top academics and experts. Sessions will also cover scholarships, accommodation, and student support.
Full exhibition of Tertiary providers in our Hall and school library.
Open to all year levels 9 - 13.


text:
A Pontifícia Capela Musical Sistina, ou em italiano Cappella Musicale Pontificia Sistina, é um coro constituído por cinquenta cantores, sendo vinte homens adultos e trinta "vozes brancas" (crianças), voltado à música sacra e mantido pelo Vaticano. Atualmente é dirigido pelo maestro Monsenhor Massimo Palombella, nomeado em 2010 pelo Papa Bento XVI. É o coral mais antigo do mundo, suas origens datam do Século XV.

O termo a cappella, usado para indicar musical vocal sem acompanhamento de outro instrumento, originou-se a partir do nome deste coral.

História

Desde os séculos V e VI há registros de cantores entre os assistentes do Papa, um dos primeiros Papas do qual se tem registro de uma companhia de cantores entre seus assistentes é o Silvestre I. Tal companhia chamava-se schola cantorum.

Alguns anos depois, o Papa Gregório I instituiu definitivamente a existência da schola como também criou uma companhia similar ligada diretamente à Basílica de São Pedro. Com o passar dos anos, a primeira companhia passou a servir como preparação para a segunda.

Com a mudança do papado de Roma para Avignon, o Papa Inocêncio IV não levou a schola para sua nova abadia, deixando-a em Roma. O Papa Clemente V formou um coro em Avignon com cantores franceses. Com o retorno do papado à Roma, o Papa Gregório X levou a companhia formada em Avignon e mesclou com os cantores italianos.

A partir do ano 1441, não há registro da participação de crianças no coro, sendo assim, as linhas melódicas mais agudas eram executadas por falsetes ou tenores com maior capacidade de agudos.

Com a construção da Capela Sistina sob o papado de Sisto IV, o mesmo estabeleceu de vez o coral alterando o nome de schola cantorum para cappella pontificia, que devido à construção do edifício, acabou ficando conhecido por cappella sistina (que em latim significa, coral Sistina).

Em 1483, Sisto IV fixou o número de vinte e quatro cantores para o coro e, em 1545, Papa Sisto V promulgou uma nova bula papal aprovando uma nova constituição para o coro, tal constituição está vigente até os dias atuais.

Na bula Cum pro nostri temporali munere, de 1589, o papa Sisto V aprovou formalmente o recrutamento de castrati para o coro e em 1599, tem-se o registro dos dois primeiros castrati do coral; Pietro Paolo Folignato e Girolamo Rossini. O último castrato, não só do coral, mas de que se tem registro, foi Alessandro Moreschi (1858 – 1922).

Com a publicação do Motu Proprio Tra le sollecitudini ("entre os cuidados", em italiano) em 22 de Novembro de 1903, o Papa Pio X readmitiu o emprego de crianças, do sexo masculino, para a interpretação de melodias mais agudas, banindo assim, definitivamente, o emprego de castrati no coral e retomando os costumes da época da fundação do coro no século XV. Oficialmente, Moreschi fez parte do coral até 1913, quando se aposentou após trinta anos de serviços prestados ao coral.

Atualmente, após um período de declínio ocorrido na segunda metade do século XX, o coro desenvolve pesquisas e se dedica a gravações de álbuns de seu repertório, bem como turnês mundiais.

Em 2010, o Papa Bento XVI nomeou o Monsenhor Massimo Palombella maestro do coro. Uma das primeiras atitudes deste foi mapear eletronicamente a acústica da Capela Sistina para obter o melhor posicionamento para o coral. Outro ato do maestro Palombella foi resgatar, após minuciosas pesquisas, o autêntica maneira de se cantar a música renascentista. Entre os resultados de tal pesquisa está a versão primígena do Miserere do compositor italiano Gregorio Allegri a partir da partitura original, retirada do Codex de 1661.

Em 2015, o coro obteve autorização do Papa Francisco I para gravações dentro da Capela Sistina. O resultado das gravações foi álbum Cantate Domino, que conta com obras de compositores como Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, Orlando di Lasso e Tomás Luis de Victoria, além de canto gregoriano.

Em 2017, a empresa norte-americana Allen Organ Company doou ao coro um órgão digital, que foi utilizado pela primeira vez na Basílica de São Pedro no dia 24 de dezembro do mesmo ano.

Admissão
Os testes para admissão no coral são realizados através de provas de canto e percepção musical, além de exame de fonoaudiologia para verificar algum problema de dicção no candidato. As provas são aplicadas em paróquias católicas por toda a Itália.

Após aprovação, o candidato é encaminhado para a Schola Puerorum, onde faz um curso elementar e preparatório para a entrada definitiva no coro.

Discografia
 Habemus Papam (2014)
 Cantate Domino (2015)
 Palestrina Missa Papae Marcelli / Motets (2016)
 Veni Domine (2017)

Ligações externas
 Página oficial
 Palestrina Missa Papae Marcelli – Kyrie - Vídeo oficial na página da Vevo.

Coros
Grupos musicais cristãos
Capela Sistina

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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I love piling gold rings up on my finger, and I think this inital one would go perfectly with all my others. I usually dislike dangle rings, but this one is pretty simple and quite short so wouldn't be too annoying.
Were any of these already on your Christmas wishlist?
You gonna add any of them to it now?
What is on your wishlist so far?
I love hand food! It's definitely the best hand creme I've tried so far.
I love your choices! Elf has to be my all time favourite Christmas film!
I love it all! Great choices Danielle, I'd be over the moon if any (or all hehe) of these ended up in my stocking!


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Last Cup Of Sorrow
Alfred Hitchcock's film-noir masterpiece Vertigo, released on May 9th 1958, is celebrating it's 60th anniversary. The film was parodied by Joseph Kahn for the Faith No More video Last Cup Of Sorrow.
Billboard | June 1998 | Gina Van Der Vliet
Faith No More's New Vid To Give Viewers Vertigo
LOS ANGELES—As a homage to Alfred Hitchcock, Faith No More's new video "Last Cup Of Sorrow" shows the band in a parody of the legendary director's 1958 movie "Vertigo." "I always thought 'Vertigo' had an interesting music video feel to it because of the [rich Graphics] in the film," says GMS director Joseph Kahn. "Also the of idea of FNM's Mike Patton playing Jimmy Stewart seemed funny to me. Basically you're taking this really subversive person and putting him in this clean, sterile, technicolor 50s world, yet pieces of the subversiveness of his persona keep coming through this world. It's like blending an old film with this totally weird 90s type of guy."
One of the moments Kahn is hinting at is a scene showing Patton hiding a porno magazine from actress Jennifer Jason Leigh, who plays the dual roles originally portrayed by Kim Novak. As in the movie. Patton rescues Leigh's character from drowning and brings her back to his apartment.
Leigh's second character is not as clean cut as in Hitchcock movie. After the blond character supposedly falls to her death, the actress returns as a sado masochist call girl in a black wig who attacks Patton's character. Ironically, she uses as a weapon the same stool that Patton was unable to stand on earlier in the video due to his fear of heights.
"That's the type of subversive stuff I liked doing, without disrespecting the film," Kahn explains. "But personally I think Hitchcock would have liked the sense of humour."
Like the movie, which was recently re-released in U.S. theatres, the video was shot in San Francisco—Faith No More's home town—often at many of the same original locations used for the film. For example, the Supper Club. formerly known as Ernie's, was the restaurant that Hitchcock was originally trying to depict in his film. The filmed movie scenes however, were shot on a movie set built to look like the restaurant. To create an authentic touch, Kahn, Leigh, and the band managed to shoot the scene inside the actual restaurant, which had just reopened it's doors.
Throughout the video, the band members—Patton, vocals; Billy Gould, bass; Roddy Bottum, keyboards; Mike Bordin, drums; and John Hudson, guitars—are shown in cameo roles assigned by Kahn.
"At first I was kind of bummed because I [was asked to portray] the lady in the painting, which I didn't really wanna do," Gould says with a laugh. "But it all worked out good."
According to Gould, picking a video treatment is often a tedious process for the band, since there are seldom treatments the members can collectively get enthusiastic about "We Usually pick the one that's the least bad," Gould says. "But in this case (the idea) sounded pretty good. And when we got to the shoot and met Joseph we knew it was a good thing. He's a cool dude. We very much had the same vision, which is really rare. It made for a situation in which we felt we were actually creating something together."
'Last Cup Of Sorrow' premiered May 18 on MTV's "120 Minutes"and is anticipated to go into active rotation by the week of June 16, according to Wendy Griffith.
Says Gould, "It doesn't look like an MTV video, which I like, it's definitely different."
Not only did FNM pay homage to the film in their video clip, but the 1997 single release of Last Cup Of Sorrow had a CD cover based on the original movie poster.
This wasn't the first time connections to Hitchcock had appeared within FNM's music, whether coincidental or not, there are episodes of Alfred Hitchcock Presents titled The Perfect Crime (1957, Starring Vincent Price) and The Morning After (1959 Starring Jeanette Nolan).
Mike Patton also displayed his respect for the film director by often wearing a t-shirt printed with Hitchcock's face, the shirt appears in the Falling To Pieces video.
The Hitchcock connections appear with Patton in other projects. In 2001 Patton collaborated with Dan The Automator and Jennifer Charles releasing Music To Make Love to Your Old Lady By under the group name Lovage. The title of the record is a play on an album featuring Hitchcock, Alfred Hitchcock Presents: Music To Be Murdered By. The song titles Lifeboat, To Catch A Thief and Strangers On A Train are all Hitchcock films, they even liftsamples from their silver-screen counterparts.
Patton is heavily infuenced by film in his music, many of his projects take their name directly from films (Mondo Cane, Fantomas, Peeping Tom), not to mention the film references in his lyrics. Patton has of course written accompanying scores to many films as well as appearing of the screen. In 2010 he revealed his favourite movie scores which included Oskar Sala's music from Hitchcock's film The Birds.
"An incredible score with no known musical 'notes.' The entire score was produced by an early electronic instrument called the 'mixtrautonium,' and is an amazing example of how sound design and sound effects can be fused with image to great musical effect. Hats off to director Alfred Hitchcock for realizing this and creating a truly terrifying sonic bastard."
Labels: Alfred Hitchcock Faith no more Joseph Kahn Last Cup Of Sorrow lovage mike patton Vertigo


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text:
Związek Harcerstwa Rzeczypospolitej w Kanadzie – organizacja kontynuująca tradycje polskiego harcerstwa powstała w 1996 roku na terenie Kanady.

Organizacja ta powstała w czerwcu 1996 roku i skupia obecnie około 50 członków w trzech szczepach: "Millenium" w Etobicoke, "Quo Vadis" w Scarborough (dzielnice Toronto), i "Zodiak" w Peterborough. Związek Harcerstwa Rzeczypospolitej w Kanadzie należy do Kongresu Polonii Kanadyjskiej (KPK) i Światowej Federacji Niezależnego Harcerstwa (WFIS)

Podstawowe Cele ZHR w Kanadzie
 krzewienie poczucia przynależności do narodu polskiego
 rozwijanie umiejętności niezbędnych do życia we współczesnym społeczeństwie poprzez stwarzanie warunków do ich praktykowania w codziennej działalności
 ścisła współpraca z rodzicami

Grupy Członkowskie w ZHRwK
 Skrzaty w wieku 4-6 lat
 Zuchy w wieku 7-9 lat
 Harcerki i harcerze w wieku 10-14 lat
 Wędrowniczki i wędrownicy w wieku 15+ lat
 Instruktorki i instruktorzy od 16 lat – po złożeniu Zobowiązania Instruktorskiego

Prawo i Przyrzeczenie
Przyrzeczenie: "Mam szczerą wolę całym życiem pełnić służbę Bogu i Narodowi Polskiemu, nieść chętną pomoc bliźnim i być posłusznym Prawu Harcerskiemu. Przyrzekam lojalną służbę Kanadzie.".

Złożenie przyrzeczenia harcerskiego jest potwierdzone słowami:
"Na słowie harcerza polegaj jak na Zawiszy"

 Punkt 1. Harcerz służy Bogu, Narodowi Polskiemu i sumiennie spełnia swoje obowiązki.
 Punkt 2. Na słowie harcerza polegaj jak na Zawiszy .
 Punkt 3. Harcerz jest pożyteczny i niesie pomoc bliźnim .
 Punkt 4. Harcerz w każdym widzi bliźniego, a za brata i siostrę uważa każdego innego harcerza i harcerkę.
 Punkt 5. Harcerz postępuje po rycersku.
 Punkt 6. Harcerz miłuje przyrodę i stara się ją poznać i chronić.
 Punkt 7. Harcerz jest zdyscyplinowany, posłuszny rodzicom i wszystkim swoim przełożonym.
 Punkt 8. Harcerz jest zawsze pogodny.
 Punkt 9. Harcerz jest gospodarny i ofiarny.
 Punkt 10. Harcerz jest czysty w myśli, mowie i uczynkach. Przeciwdziała szkodliwemu używaniu narkotyków, tytoniu i alkoholu.

Sztandar
Znakiem zewnętrznym dojrzałości jednostki harcerskiej, symbolem jej wspólnoty i honoru oraz uznaniem jej dorobku i tradycji jest posiadanie sztandaru.

Tradycyjnie jednostka harcerska może starać się o posiadanie sztandaru dopiero w momencie, kiedy wychowa sobie we własnych szeregach instruktora, począwszy od skrzata. Zwyczaj ten jest przyjęty przez harcerstwo poza granicami kraju. Związek spełnił ten warunek w maju 2006 r.

Udział w Światowych Zlotach
 Jubileuszowy Zlot 100 lecia Harcerstwa Polskiego - Kraków, Polska - 2010
 III Światowy Zlot WFIS - Puebla, Meksyk - 2011
 XIV Światowy Zlot Wędrowników WOSM - Ottawa, Kanada - 2013
 III Europejski Zlot WFIS "Eurocamp" - Bassano Romano, Włochy - 2014

Stanica Harcerska na Ontaryjskich Kaszubach
Organizacja otrzymała w dzierżawie od księży Franciszkanów duży teren u stóp góry "Trzy Krzyże" i rozpoczęła jego zagospodarowywanie na wiosnę 1997 r. W 2009 r. Związek Harcerstwa Rzeczypospolitej w Kanadzie zaadoptował ulicę Old Barry's Bay Road, znajdująca się w Madawaska Valley na Ontaryjskich Kaszubach. Harcerze i harcerki zobowiązali się sprzątać prawie 16-kilometrową drogę w każde Święto Dziękczynienia.

Aktualne Władze
 Komendantka Chorągwi – hm. Elżbieta Łyszkiewicz

Linki zewnętrzne
 Oficjalna strona ZHR w Kanadzie

Harcerstwo poza granicami Polski
Organizacje polonijne w Kanadzie


The Austrian poet Stefan Zweig lived his life in a period of high political tension in Europe. Nevertheless, he was unshakable in his belief in a European project, individual- ism and how art and culture have a crucial meaning for how we see each other and our own selves, and how we can live together and conduct ourselves towards each other.
In a time when the news is dominated by growing nationalism, music's borderlessness and utopian potential are possibly more important than ever. The last movement of Beethoven's 9th Symphony is understood to be the composer's notion of the kind of world he desired to live in. An image of humanity where the glue is the individual's connection to everyone else – not generals or religious leaders: 'All people become brothers'. Beethoven's vision is just as relevant today, and is indeed a jumping- o point for this year's Ultima Festival.
Music is in a constant dialogue between past, present and future. The nature of listening is to connect the past with the future in an instant. To listen is to open yourself, to subject yourself to new impressions, insights and knowledge.
With a programme stretching across ten days and more than 50 events, both indoors and out, including concerts, performing arts, installations, lm screenings and talks, Ultima o ers experiences for big and small, for the connoisseur and for the musically curious.
Welcome to Ultima and Oslo – Scandinavia's music capital!


Fraud is a white collar crime that carries serious consequences upon conviction. Many people who are charged with fraud are skilled professionals, such as accountants, stock brokers and tax professionals. When faced with a fraud accusation, these professionals are at risk of tarnishing their reputations, losing important business opportunities and being incarcerated. As your attorney, I devote my time, energy and resources to minimizing these serious consequences.
If you have been charged with, arrested for or are under investigation for a white collar crime such as fraud, I can protect your rights. I am Brooklyn fraud charges attorney Wilson LaFaurie. I am dedicated to building a strong defense on behalf of people facing fraud charges.
Many types of fraud are considered federal crimes. As a New York City white collar crimes lawyer, I have significant knowledge of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines. These guidelines are harsh, and prosecutors have been known to pile on very strict penalties.
If convicted of fraud, you can face a lengthy incarceration period and significant fines. The full effect of these punishments goes beyond jail time and restitution, threatening your career and your ability to earn an income. When your rights, freedom and future are on the line, my law firm is prepared to defend you.
As a former assistant district attorney in Kings County and Brooklyn, I used to prosecute fraud cases. As your defense attorney, I use the knowledge I gained as a prosecutor to provide comprehensive legal services that anticipate the behavior of the other side. I commit to fully investigating your case, preparing for trial and vigorously protecting your rights. I do not take any shortcuts.
When it comes to fraud cases, it is especially important that you seek legal help as early in the process as possible. If you believe that you are under investigation for fraud, contact my law office immediately. I will work proactively to limit the charges you may be facing and to prepare an effective defense.
It is a common mistake for those accused of fraud or other white collar crimes to speak to authorities immediately, hoping to "clear up" any misunderstandings. This is often a mistake, however, and can easily give rise to statements that will later be used against you. Before you speak to authorities, speak to me first. The sooner I become involved in your defense, the more effective I can be.
To discuss your case with an experienced criminal defense attorney, call me at 917-817-4142 or fill out the contact form on this website. I offer free initial consultations to all clients. Hablamos Español.


text:
St. Juste v. Metro Plus Health Plan, No. 10–CV–4729 (MKB).
Document Cited authorities 130 Cited in Precedent Map Related
Court United States District Courts. 2nd Circuit. United States District Court (Eastern District of New York)
Writing for the Court MARGO K. BRODIE
Citation 8 F.Supp.3d 287
Parties Omowale ST. JUSTE, Plaintiff, v. METRO PLUS HEALTH PLAN, City of New York Health and Hospitals Corporation, City of New York, Ileana Florentino, Ricardo Alaniz and Michael Stocker, Defendants.
Decision Date 28 March 2014
Docket Number No. 10–CV–4729 (MKB).
8 F.Supp.3d 287
Omowale ST. JUSTE, Plaintiff,
METRO PLUS HEALTH PLAN, City of New York Health and Hospitals Corporation, City of New York, Ileana Florentino, Ricardo Alaniz and Michael Stocker, Defendants.
No. 10–CV–4729 (MKB).
United States District Court,
E.D. New York.
Signed March 28, 2014.
[8 F.Supp.3d 294]
Mustapha Lakpene Ndanusa, Brooklyn, NY, for Plaintiff.
William H. Ng, Jane E. Andersen, Zev Samuel Singer Corporation Counsel of New York, New York, NY, for Defendants.
MEMORANDUM & ORDER
MARGO K. BRODIE, District Judge:
Plaintiff Omowale St. Juste brings the above-captioned action against Defendants Metro Plus Health Plan ("Metro Plus"), City of New York Health and Hospitals Corporation ("HHC"), the City of New York, Ileana Florentino, Ricardo Alaniz and Michael Stocker, alleging claims of religious discrimination, retaliation and hostile work environment in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e et seq. ("Title VII"), 42 U.S.C. § 1983, the New York State Human Rights Law, N.Y. Exec. Law § 290 et seq. ("NYSHRL") and the New York City Human Rights Law, N.Y.C. Admin. Code, § 8–101 et seq., ("NYCHRL"). Defendants moved for summary judgment as to all claims. The Court heard oral argument on March 4, 2014. For the reasons discussed below, the Court grants Defendants' motion for summary judgment as to Plaintiff's claims brought pursuant to Title VII, NYSHRL and § 1983. The Court declines to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over Plaintiff's claims brought pursuant to the NYCHRL and dismisses those claims without prejudice.
I. Backgrounda. Plaintiff's hiring and initial employment
Plaintiff Omowale St. Juste is an African–American male who converted to Islam at the age of twenty-three. (Def. 56.1 ¶ 5; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 5.) Defendant Metro Plus provides inexpensive health insurance options for New York City residents and is a subsidiary of HHC.1 (Def. 56.1 ¶ 1; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 1.) Plaintiff began working with Metro Plus on June 23, 2008, as a Medicaid Enrollment Sales Representative ("ESR"), where he was responsible for educating New York residents about Medicaid and enrolling them in Medicaid plans. (Def. 56.1 ¶¶ 8, 13; Pl. 56.1 ¶¶ 8, 13.) Plaintiff was a member of the team located at Woodhull Hospital in Brooklyn, and worked at different sites in Brooklyn including the Federal Courthouse. (Def. 56.1 ¶ 39; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 38.) 2
Plaintiff was obligated by his religious observance to attend congregational prayer, otherwise known as Jumu'ah prayer, (Def. 56.1 ¶ 21; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 20), and while assigned to the Woodhull Hospital team, Plaintiff attended Friday prayer during the lunch hour, typically at the Masjid–At–Taqwa, a mosque in Brooklyn, (Def. 56.1 ¶¶ 54–55; Pl. 56.1 ¶¶ 53–54). It took Plaintiff an hour and a half to attend Jumu'ah prayer, including travel time between the mosque and Woodhull Hospital. (Def. 56.1 ¶ 56; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 55.) Plaintiff therefore required an additional thirty minutes for lunch on Fridays. Plaintiff had a verbal agreement with his supervisor, Florentino, that Plaintiff did not need to include this additional time in his time sheets. (Def. 56.1 ¶ 59; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 58.) Instead, he could offset the additional thirty minutes with after-hours work at either an event or a home visit. ( Id.) Plaintiff's
first supervisor, Telvis Austin, appointed Masjid–At–Taqwa, a mosque in Brooklyn, as a recruiting site, (Def. Ex. B, Deposition of Omowale St. Juste ("St. Juste Dep.") 69:12–69:17; St. Juste Aff. ¶ 39), where Plaintiff was scheduled to work on Wednesdays, (Def. 56.1 ¶ 41; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 40).
Plaintiff asked his instructors if it was acceptable for him to wear his thawb to work and they informed him that wearing his thawb fell within Metro Plus's dress code. (St. Juste Aff. ¶¶ 8, 9; St. Juste Dep. 4:17–74:25.) A thawb is a religious garment which resembles a priest's robe and covers the wearer from his shoulders to his shins. (St. Juste Aff. ¶ 2; St. Juste Dep. 61:17–61:23.) Plaintiff wore a thawb to work and would typically pair it with a blazer, vest, and dress pants. (St. Juste Dep. 61:17–23; St. Juste Aff. ¶ 10.) Plaintiff admits that wearing the thawb is not a mandatory requirement for Muslims, and wearing a suit would comply with his religious beliefs as it comports with the religious obligation of dressing modestly. (Def. 56.1 ¶¶ 18, 19; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 19; St. Juste Dep. 62:14–64:9.)
b. Plaintiff's supervision by Alaniz
On April 1, 2009, Alaniz, the Associate Marketing Director at Metro Plus, became Plaintiff's manager while Florentino was on personal leave. (St. Juste Dep. 150:3–150:6; Def. Ex. C, Deposition of Ricardo Alaniz ("Alaniz Dep.") 24:2–24:7.) Alaniz supervised Plaintiff directly for two weeks, and indirectly from mid-April until October 2009. (Def. 56.1 ¶¶ 43, 71; Pl. 56.1 ¶¶ 42, 70; Alaniz Dep. 24:1–25:3.) On Thursday, April 2, 2009, Alaniz sent an email scheduling a 3:00 p.m. meeting at Elmhurst Hospital for Friday, April 3, 2009. (St. Juste Aff. ¶ 46; Pl. Ex. 6.) Plaintiff replied to Alaniz's email stating, "I will be late for the meeting due to Friday religious services which end at about 2:20 pm." (Def. 56.1 ¶ 75; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 74; Pl. Ex. 6.) Alaniz responded by saying "this is unacceptable and your timely attendance is required. This meeting is paramount ... and attendance is mandated." (Def. 56.1 ¶ 76; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 75.) Plaintiff attended Friday prayers and arrived five minutes late to the meeting which had not yet begun. (Def. 56.1 ¶ 79; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 78; St. Juste Aff. ¶ 48.) Plaintiff was not disciplined for being late to the meeting. (Def. 56.1 ¶ 78; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 78.)
A week later, Alaniz noticed that Plaintiff had not returned to Woodhull Hospital within the normal timeframe for lunch, did not see Plaintiff at his station, and did not have documentation on file from Plaintiff requesting time off. (Def. 56.1 ¶¶ 84, 86; Pl. 56.1 ¶¶ 83, 85; Alaniz Dep. 120:4–18.) Alaniz left a message with co-workers requesting that Plaintiff visit Alaniz when Plaintiff returned. (St. Juste Aff. ¶ 96; Alaniz Dep. 120:21–25.) Plaintiff claims that when he met with Alaniz, Alaniz made derogatory comments about the thawb calling it "unprofessional according to American culture." (St. Juste Aff. ¶ 51.) Alaniz also informed Plaintiff that he was "stealing company time" by attending Friday prayers and that Plaintiff's attendance at these prayers was subject to Alaniz's discretion. ( Id.) Plaintiff informed Alaniz that he attended Jumu'ah prayers on Fridays and therefore required additional time for lunch, (Def. 56.1 ¶ 87; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 86), and Alaniz responded by stating that such behavior was inappropriate and "not conducive for the marketing operations," (Alaniz Dep. 125:3–5).
Subsequent to this meeting, Joseph Chasse, Associate Executive Director of Marketing, requested that Plaintiff wear a suit and not a thawb when working at the Federal Courthouse. (Def. 56.1 ¶ 81; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 80; St. Juste Dep. 83:9–20.) Alaniz subsequently discontinued the use of Masjid–At–Taqwa as a Metro Plus work site,
(Alaniz Dep. 133:4–134:25; St. Juste Aff. ¶ 97), according to Defendants, because of low enrollment numbers, (Def. 56.1 ¶ 40; Alaniz Dep. 133:4–15, 134:14–23).3
Plaintiff claims that, at an unspecified time, Alaniz told him that his attendance at Friday prayers was a "privilege" that would only continue so long as he kept meeting his weekly enrollment goal. (St. Juste Dep. 181:16–23.) On May 21, 2009, Alaniz emailed Plaintiff a copy of Metro Plus's policy with respect to ethnic and religious holidays. (Def. 56.1 ¶ 89; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 88; Def. Ex. S.) Alaniz explained in the email that he "will genuine[ly] make every effort to accommodate your needs but at the same time I also have an obligation to the corporation to abide by all rules and regulations as previously explained," and directed Plaintiff to reach out to Belinda Barneys, the Director of Labor Relations in the human resources department, to obtain clarification on the policy. (Def. 56.1 ¶ 90; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 89; Def. Ex. S.) Plaintiff reached out to Ryan Harris, Chief Human Resources Officer, who told Plaintiff that Metro Plus would accommodate his request to attend Friday prayers except where it affected the company's operations. (Def. 56.1 ¶ 91; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 90.)
HHC's Operating Procedure on Ethnic and Religious Holidays provides that approved leave for observance of ethnic or religious holidays could be charged to annual leave or compensatory time credits, and, if the request for leave is otherwise appropriate, could be granted and charged against future accumulation of either annual or compensatory time if an employee had insufficient vacation days or accumulated compensatory time. (Pl. Ex. 4 ("HHC Operating Procedure No. 20–18") at 2.) The policy also provides that each major operating unit "must establish the amount of advance notice required for submission of leave requests, and a procedure to ensure that employees are informed of the requirement well in advance of the time requests must be provided." ( Id. at 2.) A request for leave, whether annual leave or compensatory time, for a religious or other holiday must be made through submission of an "SR–70" form at least two weeks in advance. (Def. 56.1 ¶ 57; Pl. 56.1 ¶ 56.)
Alaniz met with Harris from the human resources department on or about May 24, 2009, and subsequently concluded that the hospital "could not reasonably accommodate [Plaintiff's] request for more than a one-hour lunch" on Fridays. (Alaniz Dep. 114:12–17.) According to Defendants, Metro Plus operates in "a very regulated monitored industry," and the New York City Department of Health and other city and federal government agencies require a schedule to be sent to them "two months in advance on where [Facilitated Enrollers ("FE's") ] are going to be located, including their working hours. (Def. 56.1 ¶ 50; Alaniz Dep. 68:3–24.) The city and federal agencies send monitors out and if they do...


At The Harrison, we enjoy many luxuries: well-appointed abodes, hotel-quality amenities, a peerless setting that overlooks the Bay Bridge. But, perhaps just as significant is our proximity to Napa Valley. Less than an hour and a half from your doorstep lies one of the most coveted destinations not just in America, but worldwide. Complete with more than 400 wineries and world-renowned restaurants, Napa dishes out the most ideal weekend getaway—even for those who aren't wine aficionados. Below, get an inside look into eight events and attractions to experience this month.
Starting May 1 until November 20, the Napa Farmers Market takes place every Tuesday and Saturday at the South Napa Century Center from 8:30am to 1pm. For your next dinner party, head to the market to purchase Napa's freshest, locally-produced fruits and veggies from over 60 regional farmers. Or stop by a chef demonstration to learn how to cook the latest, in-season dish.
On Saturday, May 10, Bennett Lane Winery will be hosting the renowned Calistoga Food & Wine VIP Reception from 6-8pm. Don't miss this exclusive experience, where local wineries and chefs combine their talents to feature the premier tastings of Calistoga.
JaM Cellars in Napa is a wine and music studio that boasts an eclectic, comfortable space and music-driven wine vibe. They're celebrating their 2nd birthday on May 12 so stop by from 10pm-12am to jam out with a chance to win BottleRock passes and any of their Butter, Candy Rose, JaM or Toast wines.
How else would you celebrate Mother's Day than with Veuve Clicquot? From May 11-13, Meritage Resort and Spa will be hosting a weekend for mom, offering a master's dinner in the resort's exquisite vineyard setting, a sparkling reception and Mother's Day brunch on Sunday.
The 4th annual Crush Challenge is back on May 12 to raise money following the wildfires for select charity efforts. Whether you join one of the incredible food and wine events, the private wine country cycling experience or decide to stay the whole weekend, the Crush Challenge redefines having fun for a good cause. Take a look at the different event locations here.
Clos Du Val, a Yountville Estate Vineyard, will be hosting a Spring Vineyard Supper on May 19 at from 4-8pm. Dinner will be served at a single long table down a vine row with seasonally inspired, family-style fare from Stag to be enjoyed alongside stunning Clos Du Val wines of the past and present.
Stop by Falcor Wines on May 19 from 1-4pm to celebrate Mardi Gras. The festivity will feature over a hundred pounds of Crawfish and Andouille Sausage shipped straight from New Orleans—with live music and wines to pair, of course.
On Sunday, May 20, Rutherford Ranch Winery will be showcasing their annual Oyster Fest, offering fresh oysters, a carnival, live music and games in their beautiful olive grove. From 1-3:30 pm, this is the perfect Sunday family activity.
The coveted BottleRock Music Festival, held at the Napa Valley Expo, is a three-day celebration of great music, food, beer and wine. Starting on May 25, big name artists like Muse, The Chainsmokers, Earth Wind & Fire and Incubus will take the stage Saturday brings The Killers, Snoop Dogg, Billy Idol and more. And finally, Sunday, May 27, welcomes Bruno Mars, Halsey, The Thievery Company and others.


Today, technology is enabling the food and beverage, also consumer packaged goods industries to operate more rapidly and efficiently, while reducing the margin of error. But it requires right technology: Industrial-grade with touchscreen capabilities, high processing power and reliable performance. Winmate understands the demands of these fast-paced, rugged environments and has designed a series of Industrial-grade multi-touch HMI that deliver on performance, functionality and design to enable increased productivity and efficiency on the factory floor.
For machine operators, durability, reliability and an accurate control system are essential. In this case, Winmate's 10.1" flat panel pc was configured specifically for installation as a machine controller in a high-speed sorting machine. The multi-touch panel PC offered advanced performance, an easy-to-use, intuitive user interface, and easily connected to the PLC through an ethernet cable, ensuring fast and more reliable communication.


I really have to disagree?
I mean, you're inside a town or village or city or something, inside a country, inside a solar system, right now, aren't you? You're within the boundaries of a space, whether those boundaries are manmade or physical barriers at all.
I have never said or heard anyone say "inside" in conjunction with any of your examples. "inside" implies actual and obvious boundaries--a confined place, walls, ceiling, etc. That's what the sides are. What confused me about hearing the void described as "inside" was that we were going from a place that had obvious boundaries to a place that has no obvious boundaries. Intuitively, the throne room is inside, and the void may have boundaries, but we can't see them. Intuitively, it's outside.
Exactly. When I leave my back yard to go to my living room, I'm not "going outside" even though I am technically "outside" the boundaries of my backyard. Nor do I say "I'm going back in" when I go back out to my yard.