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Screenshot++
Bug Trackr
Academy Coins
Apps In Beta
Wesley Dyson
App Store, CloudKit, iOS Development
Sunset for Parse
Allen Pike's piece on the Parse shutdown is insightful, in-depth, and a great read. Marco's response adds his thoughtful perspective.
In early 2013, I began looking for a syncing service to use in multiple iOS apps. I was one in a long list of developers who viewed sync as an add on, that sync should be as easy as adding another project dependancy. Parse added much of the functionality I was looking for. It was easy, cheap, and the company seemed to understand the needs of their customers.
It wasn't long after I began testing Parse integration in a sample project that news broke of the Facebook acquisition. Parse promised that with Facebook's backing, Parse would be able to grow faster and not worry about monetization. All in the name of good will for developers.
While I applauded their enthusiasm, the acquisition meant that from that day forward, Parse would be acting in Facebook's best interests, leaving developers in second place.
Because I have zero faith in Facebook, I could not have faith in Parse as a product or a company and began exploring alternatives.
That decision paid off this week. Instead of scrambling to figure out a new backend as a service (BaaS) and migration strategy, I can instead use that time and effort to continue building new apps and making improvements to existing products.
The Parse shutdown has brought the BaaS debate back to the forefront in the developer community. That is, should developers roll their own BaaS or migrate to a Parse alternative like CloudKit?
Instead of relying on Parse, I jumped into Apple's CloudKit over a year ago. It's baked into Apple's platforms and (for now) has Apple's support. I use CloudKit as a back-end for Screenshot++ and in unannounced projects.
Allen and Marco lay out the two sides of this debate quite well. For many developers who have experience in running their own servers, this has always an easy decision. Experienced backend developers like Marco haven't had to rely on 3rd party solutions. For them, it's relatively easy to roll their own solution and today they're in the clear; it's hard not to hear the smug comments coming from atop their high horses.
For the rest of us, Parse was the solution to a problem that few app developers have the experience or resources to properly solve. I don't view Parse as a shortcut and I don't think the objective should be to rely on a service like Parse until you can create something better in-house.
For the 600,000 apps that used Parse, they're in a tight spot and most of those will end up abandonware if they're not already. To insinuate their developers should have all created custom backends is out of touch with today's App Store economic reality.
With Parse out of the picture and the app BaaS market underserved, now is the perfect time for a new competitor to fill the void.
Tagged: Parse, Marco Arment, Allen Pike, CloudKit, BaaS
App Store, Apple
App Store Metadata Rejection
Screenshot++, my new screenshot management app for iOS, was submitted more than a week ago to App Store Review and they returned this week to say the App Preview video was rejected.
Specifically, Apple took issue with showing screenshots being taken in apps other than mine. The offending apps weren't apps from the App Store, they were Calendar and Maps - both built into every iOS device. I (wrongfully) assumed this would be acceptable.
It appears they're strictly adhering to the rule that App Preview footage is limited to video taken within your app and your app alone.
So how do I demonstrate to a potential customer the process of taking a screenshot? I'll have to stick with in-app instruction and text in the App Store page screenshots. It's unfortunate that I'll have to stick with in-app instruction and App Store page text. Potential customers may or may not take the time to read text on my App Store page but everyone who watches the Preview video will understand the concept from example.
This may seem trivial but I have seconds to demonstrate the app's value proposition. I cannot assume that every iOS device owner knows how to take a screenshot or even knows what a screenshot is. However, the majority of iOS users have screenshots littered through their Photo Library. For this reason, Screenshot++s App Store page isn't just selling the app, it's also for educating potential customers on why they need it.
I broke one of the rules and had my app metadata rejected. (I believed this would be accepted. I want to avoid a metadata rejection at all costs, but here I am.) To be clear, it seems the app itself passed review but the Preview video did not.
I swiftly removed the offending video and resubmitted. I'll now have to wait another week to go through the queue and have everything reviewed for the second time.
This is my biggest problem with the App Review system. Inefficiencies waste valuable time for both the developer and Apple. I'll explain:
The original review of Screenshot++ included the app itself, Preview video, screenshots, keywords, and app description. If everything but the preview videos was approved, why should everything have to be reviewed again if it hadn't changed?
A better approach, after sending the rejection email would be to provide the developer with a selection of next steps. Either I resubmit the app (the current and only option) or Apple provides the option to make a quick metadata change if completed within a short amount of time.
Consider a better system: I receive the metadata rejection that the Preview video cannot be approved. I then log into iTunes Connect, remove the video and press 'Update' (or something equivalent). The app then goes back to the review employee who sees the change and continues with the app approval.
The above scenario eliminates the second review, saving at minimum an hour of a review employees time, and my app is available for purchase on the App Store a full week before the current system allows.
Tagged: App Review Guideline 2.14
App Store, Screenshot++
Creating App Store Preview Videos
I've spent the better part of a day creating the first app preview video for Screenshot++, which I hope to launch in the next week or so.
Record your app in action on an iOS device using Quicktime in Yosemite, import the video footage into iMovie, create an App Preview project and start editing. Pretty simple so far.
I created a short soundtrack for the preview in Garageband and added it to the iMovie project. Export and upload to iTunes Connect. Done, right?
I uploaded the video to iTunes Connect under the "4-inch" tab. Then, I went to the "5.5-inch" tab and the preview wasn't there. Why not?
The docs reveal that you're supposed to upload a video for each iPhone resolution (that's 3). But, I don't have an iPhone 6 Plus, so now what?
After some digging, it turns out that Apple prefers videos in each resolution but will provide one version to all devices when viewing in the App Store if you only provide one. This isn't documented anywhere I could find but I'm trusting the good people on stack overflow.
Why not just export from iMovie in each resolution? That was my thought, but alas, iMovie doesn't give you that option. There is also no reasonable way to use Quicktime's screen recording feature with the iOS simulator.
So for Screenshot++ 1.0, I've uploaded a Preview view each for iPhone and iPad. We'll know after the app launches if the video is viewable on all modern iPhones.
Tagged: Preview Video
App Store, iOS 8, Marketing
Marketing Resource for iOS Bundles
If you've recently put together an iOS App Bundle, like I have, you may be wondering where you can find the Marketing Resources.
For iOS apps, Apple provides us with guidelines and image resources for marketing purposes. This includes assets and user guidelines for the App Store Badge, psd files for currently supported iOS devices for dropping screenshots into, App Banners, and the like.
Head over to Apple's Developer Page for an explanation of iOS Bundles. Apparently though, that's it.
How are developers supposed to advertise their Bundles?
I tried to create and then hack an App Banner (link) using the Bundle's Apple ID. The result was a blank frame. Using the Link Maker tool returned no results for my bundle.
Let's try creating something simple - an image of the bundle and an App Store link for my website.
Since the bundle icons seem to be generated though iTunes Connect, can I download a high-res version? I haven't yet found a way. Perhaps the App Store is laying out the individual icons rather than flattening them into a single bundle icon image. So far, I haven't been able to find any information.
iTunes Connect does provide the App Store url for the bundle. So that's one step in the right direction.
It's odd Apple has so little guidance on the subject. I'm left with two conclusions. Either developers are not intended to specifically advertise their App Bundles on their website or it's an oversight on Apple's part. I'm getting the feeling the former is true.
If you've come across anything useful, let me know at w.dyson [at] me dot com.
Tagged: App Bundles
Apple, App Store, iOS 8, WWDC, Xcode
Creating iSource 2.5 for iOS 8
Tonight I finished work on the latest version of iSource APA (2.5). It supports and now requires iOS 8 and is currently awaiting review.
iOS 8 brings great new features and fixes many bugs introduced with iOS 7's interface redesign. Along with iOS 8 is Swift and Xcode 6.
The biggest features that users will notice first are Today and Sharing widgets. Shortly after WWDC14, I decided not to include support for these in apps that didn't absolutely need them. In the case of iSource, what was I going to include in a Today widget? A fancy slogan? An inspirational quote? Nope. I didn't want to take up people's time with a Today widget unless it provided real value.
Take the Clear Today widget. If you remove all the content in the app, it decides to give you a *cough* inspirational quote. I didn't ask for it but there it is.
You also may notice a beta version of the Today widget I'm including in Bug Trackr 2.0. It tells you what you need to know while using the minimum amount of screen real estate possible.
Below, you'll see Pedometer++'s Today widget. Short and to the point, I like it.
iOS 8's Today view is still very much a UI playground and I realize developers are often scratching their heads about what to include there. Sometimes, the best thing to do is do nothing at all.
Sharing widgets are another story all together. I would love to be able to create a resource share sheet, basically the same text entry you see in the app, but available through other apps. There would be a relatively low amount of apps you would want access to iSource's Share widget in but it could still be useful.
The problem is iOS 8's sharing data flow paradigm. The way iOS 8 works is that you select the data you want to share, tap the share button, and select the place or service you want to share to. An iSource share sheet would make sense in a scenario where the user, from anywhere in iOS, wants to add an entry, they bring up the iSource Share Sheet and enter in the resources parameters. But that reverses Apple's data flow in iOS 8's share sheets. It would be confusing to the user even if Apple approved it in App Review.
So for now, we're going to stay away from Today and Sharing widgets.
Also new in iSource 2.5 are completely redesigned resource icons. They fit in a whole lot better with the iOS ⅞ aesthetic and they're included as @1x/@2x/@3x (and @4x for then that day arrives) assets. The icon redesigns were something I had started last year when I added more assets but, since the introduction of @3x assets (which I didn't have), I decided to start from scratch on a new set.
With this version and unrelated to iOS 8 I decided to reintroduce landscape support for iPhone. This was only because of the new display sizes in the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 plus. In the 1.0 version of iSource, I enabled landscape support because text entry was done directly in the table view. When I added the Entry Sheet around iSource 2.0, I removed landscape because springs and struts in Interface Builder didn't allow me to configure the sheet view as I wanted when displayed in landscape with the keyboard visible. With the addition of Size Classes in Xcode 6, its now possible for me to create different configurations of the entry sheet based on its size class.
Top right you'll see the traditional version of the Entry Sheet in iSource 2.5, complete with blurred background. Bottom right is the Entry Sheet in it's new landscape configuration. Nice eh? Thanks Size Classes!
At WWDC14, I was highly interested in playing around with iOS 8's new Embedded Framework support. iSource 2.5 includes the new iSourceKit framework and it's where I've put a lot of code and resources that I share between iSource APA and MLA. Without going into too much boring nitty gritty about maintaining two versions of the same app, frameworks are a godsend. For code within iSourceKit, I've been able to cut debug time in half and every minute saved debugging is one I can now spend on making great feature. Thank you Embedded Frameworks engineers at Apple!
Follow news and blog posts on Twitter @dysonapps
Follow my personal account @wesleydyson, if you'd like.
© 2010–2018 Wesley Dyson. Made in Canada.


In a meeting with Scottish Prime Minister Nicola Sturgeon in Edinburgh and after a talk with Alex Ellis, Director-General of the Brexit Ministry, the Brexit Representative of the EPP Group, Elmar Brok, gained the impression that the issues of civil rights and financial settlements between the EU-27 and the United Kingdom are in for a breakthrough.
However, it remains unclear how the third condition – the solution of the border issue between Northern Ireland and Ireland – could be met. This must be achieved within the next few days in order to enter the second phase for the development of the future relations. Brok said that this is very difficult and the United Kingdom should make proposals that would be acceptable for Ireland.
During the discussion it became obvious how difficult the situation could develop for the people and the economy in the peripheral regions of Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales after Brexit. This was also evident in a conversation with Wales Finance Minister Mark Drakeford. Therefore, Brok demanded to avoid these problems with Northern Ireland in order to prevent jeopardizing the peace process.


Cities are puzzles. YP, "the even-more-powerful Yellow Pages," has always unlocked the secrets of cities, and now it comes through an app, helping the user see a city in a totally new way or maybe even help them build a rocket to the moon. This mini experiences were placed through three visuals with a strong and recognizable YP brand colors in a human, confident CGI style.


Because we're so proud of our grads, we're giving you a FREE* limited-edition Graduation Mug when you spend $100 in-store! This mortarboard mug is the perfect addition to your future workplace, as a reminder of the hours slogged away at uni.
With only 200 available, run, don't walk!
What's happening online, we hear you ask - FREE shipping on orders over $100!
The promoter is UQ Sport Ltd (ABN: 25 135 537 183) whose registered office is The University of Queensland, Building 25, Union Rd, St Lucia, QLD 4067.
The gift is strictly limited to the selected UQ Shop limited edition graduation mug.
Offer is limited to the first 200 customers only.
Promotion is valid in-store only at UQ Shop, Union Building, St Lucia.
Strictly one gift per customer, regardless of final dollar value spent in store.
Offer valid 3-14 December 2018 inclusive, strictly while stocks last.
Free gift cannot be exchanged for other products, or redeemed for cash.
The gift cannot be returned for a cash refund, store credit or exchanged for any other item.
In the event of a dispute, the decision by UQ Sport and UQ Shop is final.
UQ Sport reserves the right to amend these terms and conditions without prior notice.


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Home Retail & Consumer
Everything you need to know about artificial intelligence in retail industry. Learn how some of the biggest retail names like Burberry are using machine learning, ai and deep learning to stay competitive. Keep on top retail trends such as virtual reality, augmented reality, machine learning and AI and how it is reshaping retail now and forever.
McDonald's to Acquire AI Company Dynamic Yield
How Ebay Utilizes AI to Connect Sellers and Buyers
ViSenze an Image Recognition Startup Raises $20 Million
Domino's Leverages AI to Earn Customer Loyalty
Fraugster a Machine Learning Anti-Fraud Startup Raises $14M
One of UK's Largest Retailer M & S to Use AI to Replace Call Center Staff
Artificial intelligence is rumored to be the next global technological revolution. Currently, it appears...
Guess and Alibaba Join Forces For New AI Retail Concept
Artificial intelligence is rapidly proving its value in different aspects of life. Companies and...
Alibaba Launches 'AI Copywriter'
With artificial intelligence taking over the technology space, numerous advanced products and technologies can...
Microsoft and UK's M&S Enter into an Artificial Intelligence Partnership
As the push to explore the potential of artificial intelligence technologies continues, partnerships between...
Microsoft Working on AI Technology for Automating Checkout Lines
Recently, several people familiar with the matter told Reuters that software giant Microsoft is...
How Leading Retailers Like Sephora are Utilizing AI to Keep Stores Alive
Although the Internet age started in the previous millennium, the e-commerce boom is now...
How One Retailer Used AI to Reach Out to New Customers
When founding RedBalloon, an online-based gift retailer that focuses on selling personal experiences, Naomi...
Deploying Artificial Intelligence Across IoT and Mobile
Artificial intelligence is irrefutably a powerful technology. Even so, deep learning, machine learning and...
The Future Workforce of JD.com Could be Made up of Robots Only
Richard Liu said that he hopes one day his company (JD.com) would be completely...
A Top-Secret Plan by Amazon to Develop Domestic Robots
Retail giant Amazon is behind some revolutionary technological projects that have played a considerable...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Donbass December 4, 2021
Drums of War Beating Over Ukraine – Si vis bellum, para bellum
Throwback 2017 – How I Met Russell "Texas" Bentley
Update From The Donbass – Beating The Drums of War
Russell "Texas" Bentley reports from the Donbass. US, UK, Canada massive importation of troops – hundreds – heavy artillery, drones, aircraft. Russia preparing for the assault which Russell says is imminent. US politicians and think tanks calling for war now against both Russia and China before they overtake us..the US.
More in Donbass
A new show that is part of a new Media Campaign to counter the US propaganda, disinformation, and lies about Russia....
Ray McGovern reviews the history that led up to the current conflict in Ukraine.
Regis TremblaySeptember 23, 2022
Update From The Donbass Front – Russell "Texas" Bentley
Russell "Texas" Bentley, The Donbass Cowboy with an update from the front in the city of Donetsk, Donbass.
The Donbass Cowboy – The Life and Times of Russell "Texas" Bentley
Made this film to document and memorialize the amazing, courageous life of Russell Bonner Bentley.
Sonja van den Ende, Dutch independent reporter relates that Russians are welcomed as liberators.
Regis TremblayAugust 25, 2022
Sonja van den Ende, a Dutch journalist, travelled with the Russian military to the front lines in Donetsk, Lugansk, and to...
Regis TremblayApril 8, 2022
A fascinating and informative discussion about the INF Treaty and their involvement in it. Scott Ritter and Vladimir examine the nuclear...
Scott Ritter is a former US Marine Corps intelligence officer and author of 'SCORPION KING: America's Suicidal Embrace of Nuclear Weapons...
Russell "Texas" Bentley with an update from the Front. Archive of 115 vids from YT chan – https://archive.org/details/russel-be… VKontakt – https://vk.com/donbasstexac...


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Jacques-Marie Émile Lacan (uttal [ʒak maʁi emil lakɑ̃]), född 13 april 1901 i Paris, död 9 september 1981 i Paris, var en fransk psykoanalytiker och psykiater.

Lacan är en av de teoretiker som förutom Sigmund Freud betytt mest för psykoanalysen. Lacans främsta bidrag består i en nydanande och radikal läsning av Freud och motståndet mot den inom psykiatrin dominerande jagpsykologin. Under parollen retour à Freud ("åter till Freud") slog han igenom under 1950- och 1960-talet och satte psykoanalysen i samband med andra discipliner, företrädesvis antropologi, filosofi och strukturalistisk lingvistik. Hans mest kända citat, L'inconscient est structuré comme un langage ("det omedvetna är strukturerat som ett språk"), kan sägas sammanfatta hans projekt – att införliva psykoanalysen i strukturalismen.

Centrala idéer som härstammar från Lacan är den om spegelstadiet (det lilla barnets förtjusning i sin egen spegelbild) som lanserades i en föreläsning år 1949 samt begreppen realt, imaginärt och symboliskt. Efter konflikter med den internationella psykoanalytiska föreningen (IPA) uteslöts Lacan och bildade år 1964 en egen skola, École freudienne, tillsammans med bland andra Michel de Certeau. Skolan upplöstes i samband med Lacans död 1981.

Störst har Lacans inflytande varit i romanska länder, alltså i Sydeuropa och Latinamerika. I den anglo-amerikanskt dominerade sfären har hans teorier anammats främst inom konst-, film- och litteraturvetenskap. För en svensk publik har han introducerats av bland andra Iréne Matthis.

Det reala, imaginära och symboliska
Under 1950-talet lanserade Lacan idén om tre olika stadier (eller ordningar) som uppträder i barndomen, men även präglar det vuxna livet: det reala, det imaginära och det symboliska.

Det reala äger rum från födelsen fram till c:a sex månaders ålder. "Realt" ska här inte förstås som det som ligger närmast den vuxna individens upplevda verklighet (som i exempelvis realism) utan snarast tvärtom. Stadiet upplevs av barnet som ett kaos då det saknar kontroll över sin egen kropp och endast får osammanhängande och fragmentariska intryck av omgivningen. Barnets värld präglas av de biologiska behoven (fr. le besoin) och kan inte skilja sin egen kropp från modern/bröstet. Tillvaron är fylld av lust och olust om vartannat.

Det reala stadiet övergår vid c:a sex månaders ålder till det imaginära. Många barn kan då förtjusta ses studera sin egen spegelbild (det s.k. spegelstadiet). För första gången upplever nu barnet en sammanhängande kropp som går att styra över. Lacan menar att barnet ser sig som en fallossymbol och uppfattar sig som den som ger omvärlden lust. Barnet ger order (fr. la demande) utifrån sin upplevda position (jfr. Freud's koncept "His majesty the Baby" och narcissism). Subjektet upplever idén om likhet, helhet och autonomi och kommer att bära denna idé med sig som ett ideal i sin fortsatta utveckling. I det imaginära stadiet skapar sig barnet en uppfattning av omvärlden/fadern som antingen ond eller god.

Vid ca arton månaders ålder lämnar barnet det imaginära och träder in i det symboliska stadiet som varar upp till fyraårsåldern. Den symboliska ordningen kännetecknas av att barnet börjar utveckla ett talat språk, men också förstå och relatera till teckensystem i en mer utvidgad bemärkelse, såsom kulturella normer och regler (jfr. Saussures lingvistiska system). Stadiet präglas av den oidipala problematiken där den store Andre (hos Freud tolkat som fadern och lagen) träder in och gör att barnet bildligen "kastreras" från sin upplevda plats i centrum av världen. Barnet börjar inse att det ensamt inte är källan till moderns lust och blir varse om att det råder ett incestförbud gentemot henne. Enligt Lacan kommer barnet fr.o.m. det symboliska stadiet alltid att vara en "fånge i språket". Det innebär att det alltid kommer att äga förmågan att se sig själv utifrån och förhålla sig till detta - eller annorlunda uttryckt, språket kommer tala genom barnet som subjekt. Subjektet är ofullkomligt ("kastrerat") och kommer ständigt att söka efter den känsla av helhet som präglade det imaginära stadiet, men som aldrig går att återfå. Genom inträdet i det symboliska stadiet blir barnet även varse idén om begär (fr. le désir), vilket skiljer sig från de mer grundläggande behoven och är förbundet med det Lacan kallar jouissance (vanligen ej översatt, men står för intensiv njutning eller smärta). För att undvika psykiska symptom, menar Lacan, behöver varje individ en balans mellan de tre stadier som präglat barndomen. Det reala kommer att finnas kvar som dels ett slags tomhet eller brist som aldrig går att symbolisera, dels som ett "köttsligt" centrum av oss själva som vi inte kan förstå eller kontrollera. Det imaginära fortlever som känslan av ett sammanhängande narcissistiskt jag i centrum av världen. Det symboliska blir den språkliga överjagsbetonade ordning som reglerar omgivande normer, strukturer och lagar. De tre ordningarna ska balansera och komplettera varandra i det vuxna subjektet.

Metaforisk betydelse
Den lacanianske psykoanalytikern Slavoj Žižek beskriver det reala, imaginära och symboliska genom att använda ett schackspel som metafor. Det imaginära kan beskrivas som en tänkt essens, idé, form eller natur hos varje pjäs. Springaren kan ur ett imaginärt perspektiv kännas igen på sin särskilda form, utseende, namn och likhet med andra springare. När den imaginära ordningen bygger på idén om likhet tar det symboliska istället avstamp i skillnaden. Det symboliska är spelets regler och pjäsernas rörelser. I den symboliska ordningen utmärker sig varje pjäs endast på hur den kan röra sig i förhållande till de övriga pjäserna, motståndaren genom att hennes färg på pjäserna är motsatsen till min osv. Det är lätt att tänka sig en schackpjäs som rörde sig likadant som springaren men kallades "budbäraren", "springpojken", "bagaren" eller dylikt. Pjäsen skulle vara samma pjäs som en springare i en symbolisk mening så länge den rörde sig och förhöll sig på samma sätt till spelet. Slutligen utgörs det reala i denna schackmetafor av alla möjliga, mer eller mindre slumpmässiga motiv som påverkar spelet (spelarnas intelligens, störande faktorer i omgivningen osv.). Lacan menar att psykiska objekt kan framställas på dessa tre olika sätt. I Alfred Hitchcocks film North by Northwest (sv. titel "I sista minuten", 1959) har huvudpersonen Roger O. Thornhill (Cary Grant) tre olika "fäder" eller fadersgestalter. Den imaginära fadern utgörs av Lester Townsend (Philip Ober) som liknar Thornhill och som han anklagas för mord på. Den symboliske fadern gestaltas av professorn från CIA som skapat Thornhills identitet och gett honom hans nya namn. Den reala fadern är den sadistiske Philip Vandamm (James Mason) som försöker döda Thornhill. I verkligheten kan den reala, imaginära och symboliska fadern ses som tre olika variationer av fadersrollen som alla fyller sin funktion och bär upp barnets utveckling. Den imaginära fadern kan dock variera genom att bygga på en föreställning om antingen en alltigenom god eller en alltigenom ond far.

Den store Andre
Ett av de mest centrala begreppen hos Lacan är "den store Andre" (franska: le grand Autre). När barnet befinner sig i det imaginära stadiet är modern den store Andre för barnet. Barnet uppfattar henne som fullkomlig och utan brist (franska: le manque). Då barnet går in i det symboliska stadiet börjar det bli varse om att även modern, liksom barnet själv har brister och att modern själv har begär. Den store Andre blir då istället en abstrakt gestaltning av själva lagen och de kulturella normerna. När vi hänvisar till något man inte "bör" göra hänvisar vi till regler som tillskrivs den store Andre – ett slags abstrakt domare över rätt och fel. Barnet känner inte till denne abstrakte store Andre förrän det inträder i det symboliska stadiet (symboler kan ses just som en slags abstraktion). Lacan använder ibland begreppet "fadersnamnet" (franska: le nom du père) för denne abstrakte store Andre som inte korresponderar med någon verklig person. Det franska uttrycket för fadersnamnet (le nom du pére) förklarar Lacan med det fonetiskt näraliggande "le non du père" (faderns nej), det vill säga det som inte längre är tillåtet efter att fadern trätt in och bildligen "kastrerat" barnet från sin upphöjda plats i centrum. Den patient som uppvisar symptom kan i regel inte själv förstå var dessa kommer ifrån och är inte medveten om de bortträngda motiv som ligger bakom symptomet. Hos den tidige Lacan är symptomet hos patienten ett slags chiffer eller kodat meddelande riktat till den store Andre (som i den psykoanalytiska samtalssituationen gestaltas av terapeuten). Symptomet uppstår då patienten har misslyckats med att formulera sitt psykiska trauma i ord, det vill säga i symbolisk form. Patienten uppvisar då istället symptomet för den store Andre i en vädjan till denne att förstå henne. Tvångsneurotikern kan exempelvis uppvisa symptom där han ständigt förnedrar sig själv inför den store Andres ondsinta och dömande blick. Psykoanalytikerns uppgift är då att identifiera var den store Andres ondsinta blick kommer ifrån och på vilket sätt patienten identifierar sig med den. Enligt Slavoj Žižek går en lyckad lacaniansk psykoanalys från att patienten ställer den hysteriska frågan: "Varför är jag som jag är?" eller "Varför är jag det som du säger att jag är?" (det vill säga "Varför är jag det som den store Andre antar mig vara?") till att patienten slutar att ställa sig denna fråga och accepterar att hennes tillvaro inte kan motiveras av den store Andre. Vägen dit går via det symboliska (språket) som strukturerar den imaginära ordningen. Det reala går däremot inte att påverka, utan kommer bara att upplevas som en ångestskapande tomhet mitt i människans psyke som ej går att styra eller nå fram till. En tänkbar anledning till att det är omöjligt att nå det reala kan vara att det delvis utgörs av de biologiska begränsningarna i den fysiska kroppen.

Överjaget
Under 1960-talet utvecklade Lacan en syn på överjaget (franska: surmoi) som starkt skiljer sig från Freuds användning av begreppet. Freud ser överjaget främst som en moralisk aktör som dömer och censurerar. För Lacan är överjaget en del av den store Andre och står för den Andres begär att njuta. Lacan menar att överjaget hos en neurotiker inte fungerar moraliskt utan är obscent, våldsamt, omdömeslöst, förtryckande och uppmuntrar till brott.

Le petit a
Lacan beskriver subjektets tillvaro som ett konstant tillstånd av brist. Subjektet försöker fylla denna brist med innehåll. Eftersom saknaden bara är en saknad i sig, vet inte subjektet vad det egentligen saknar och låter därför saknaden företrädas av olika symboliska objekt eller mål som hon vill uppnå. Lacan kallar dessa objekt objet petit a ("objekt lilla a", i regel översätts begreppet inte till svenska). Žižek beskriver le petit a som synonymt med en "MacGuffin" i Hitchcocks filmer: något som är oerhört väsentligt för personerna i handlingen, får dem att agera och driver dem framåt, men vars själva existens ofta är ointressant för oss som åskådare. Om le petit a är en portfölj med diamanter eller sanningen om vem som förövade ett mord behöver inte vara relevant för den som ser filmen, utan snarare hur vägen dit ter sig.

Kritik
Under 1970-talet började Lacan inkorporera matematiska begrepp i sina verk (s.k. mathème) lösryckta ur sitt ursprungliga sammanhang. För detta har han mottagit kritik inom naturvetenskapliga kretsar (se Sokalaffären). Lacanuttolkarna Jean-Luc Nancy och Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe menar att algoritmerna inte ska tolkas som riktiga logiska formler då de i själva verket är en slags absurda vitsar. Exempelvis förklarar Lacan i en av sina texter att plustecknet (+) egentligen är ett horisontellt streck (-) som "överskridits" (alltså korsats) av en vertikal linje, vilket är en minst sagt egenartad tolkning. Ett av de verk av Freud som Lacan starkt framhåller (men som den sene Freud sedan tog avstånd från) är Vitsen och dess förhållande till det omedvetna (1905). Den unge Freud försökte i detta verk visa språkets relation till förskjutning och bortträngning i just vitsen.

Källor
 Fink, B. (1999) A Clinical Introduction to Lacanian Psychoanalysis. Harvard: Harvard University Press.
 Reeder, J. Tala/lyssna. En essä om den specifika skillnaden i Jacques Lacans psykoanalys.

Noter

Externa länkar
 No subject - encyclopedia of psychoanalysis

Franska psykologer
Franska psykoanalytiker
Födda 1901
Avlidna 1981
Män
Personer verksamma vid École des hautes études en sciences sociales
Personer från Paris
Poststrukturalister
Jacques Lacan
Franska semiotiker

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


« 110V vs. 220V Hot Tubs – Which is Best?
Around here, we are decidedly DIY, and we do what we can to encourage spa and hot tub owners to manage their own water chemistry, spa care and maintenance. And being that we sell thousands of spa and hot tub parts, we also want our customers to feel comfortable making spa equipment repairs.
There are literally hundreds of spa repairs that you can do yourself, today we are going to focus on 5 common hot tub repairs, breaking down the process involved, so you can fix it and feel proud.
When a spa therapy pump is leaking, it's either going to be where the pipes screw in and out of the wet end, or it's going to be the shaft seal. A leaking shaft seal can be visually observed by looking at where the motor shaft enters the wet end. A shaft seal is a spring loaded, 2-piece part that seals up the motor shaft, as it passes into the wet end and connects to the impeller.
The easiest way to replace the shaft seal is to replace the entire wet end, as shown in these wet end replacement videos. The wet end is everything that in front of the motor, we have center discharge and side discharge wet ends to fit most spa pumps. In this way the entire pump is new, not just the shaft seal, including the impeller, seal plate, diffuser and volute housing. You could just replace the shaft seal, most spa therapy pumps use the #200 seal or the #201 seal.
Most topside control panels (the buttons you push to control the spa equipment), can last 10 years or more – before they become unresponsive, or some calamity befalls them. Replacing a Topside Panel is not complicated, you just want to make sure to use the correct replacement panel, so that it fits the cut-out in your spa, and will connect or plug-in to your spa control.
The hardest part about replacing a spa control panel is buying the correct replacement. We have almost 100 different topside panels available from ACC, Balboa, Hydroquip, Len Gordon, Gecko and Tecmark. Most spa topside panels include the power cord of the correct length, so all you have to do is "glue it and screw it" to the panel, and connect the cord or cable. If you are having trouble finding your exact replacement topside control, give us a call and we can find it for you.
Spa ozonators are wonderful devices that can make your spa water practically drinkable, but maybe you shouldn't. Ozone is produced by either a UV bulb or a CD chip, and then delivered via hose into an ozone injector. Over 12-24months, the ozone production will deplete, and eventually fall to zero. Since there is no simple test for ozone, other than no more bubbles from the ozone jets, it's wise to schedule ozone repair on your calendar.
Every 12-24 months, or whatever is recommended by your ozone unit manufacturer, replace the ozone hose, ozone check valve, and either the CD chip or the UV bulb. With ozonator prices so low, many people find it better to replace the entire ozone unit every few years. Dimension One spas and others, may blow out the ozone air pump, and not need further repair.
Spas and hot tubs are most often heated by an electric immersion element, housed inside of a 15″ long 'flow-thru' stainless steel tube, or other vessel. Replacing a hot tub heater element is something that can be done DIY, but for simplicity, it's usually best to replace the element and tube, as a complete unit. If you feel confident and are careful in repair however, you can replace just the element and reduce your repair cost.
Like other spa repairs, the hardest part is correctly identifying and ordering correctly, the correct spa heater element or spa heater assembly. We have several ways to do this, you can find spa heaters listed by Brand (Balboa, Gecko, Hydroquip), Popularity and by Dimensional size. You also need to match the element output in Kilowatts, usually 1kW, 4kW and 5.5kW. 11kW spas use two 5.5 kW elements. If you have any doubt about your selection, give us a call, we're happy to help you find the right hot tub heater or element.
We've already talked about leaking pump seals above, but spas and hot tubs can leak almost anywhere. Common spa leaks include leaking spa jets, leaking manifold plumbing fittings, leaking unions and filters or skimmers. The first thing to do is to locate the exact source and find a spa leak. As per Murphy's Law, it's almost never going to be easily accessed. You may have to remove cabinet panels, and get yourself into awkward positions to find and fix the leak.
If it's your filter or a spa union, you may just need to tighten up the lock ring, or it could be a pinched or dry-rotted internal sealing o-ring. Leaking spa jets are usually a deteriorated spa jet gasket. Leaking glue joints, on valves or fittings will usually need to be cut-out and replumbed. Draining the spa below the level of the repair will be necessary. Other than that, it's just regular PVC plumbing, with primer and glue and the right spa plumbing fittings.


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Gala Dinners, Balls and Award Ceremonies
Club Argyle Lounge
The Tribute Players' Lounge
The Captain's Lounge
About Home Park
Club Argyle
Getting Here and Away
Star Power Supports Rexel Family Fun Day
We were delighted to welcome leading electrical distributor, Rexel UK to Home Park Stadium last week, bringing together over 40 suppliers of electrical, heating, plumbing and lighting products under one roof for their Rexel Family Fun Day Trade Roadshow
Rather than opt for a venue for a traditional exhibition setting, Rexel's South West Area Manager Sean Owens selected Home Park Stadium as a venue for some added excitement.
Between networking sessions and product demonstrations, the 200 guests in attendance were treated to a stadium tour led by our in-house expert Paul Hart, before a meet and greet with Pilgrim Pete and Plymouth Argyle stars Mickel Miller and Bali Mumba, the latter having played in a 1-0 Sky Bet League One win over Oxford United at the same stadium less than 24 hours earlier.
Mr Owens said: "Every one of the staff were so accommodating, extremely friendly and very helpful, from the cleaning lady first thing in the morning to the catering staff throughout the day.
"A very special mention should go to Paul, who ran the tours for us and was absolutely brilliant. I went on the last tour at 7pm, thoroughly enjoyed it and the feedback that we got from all the customers that went on the tours during the afternoon and early evening was that they had a great time."
Staying later than anticipated was a running theme of the highly successful event, and even the Argyle players got caught up in the atmosphere, as Sean explains.
"The two players [Mickel Miller and Bali Mumba] that came along for an hour actually stayed for about three and a half hours! They were fantastic. Mickel and Bali are two of the most genuine, down to earth, friendly, and sociable guys you could wish to meet.
"I took them round to meet all the suppliers and customers and they asked loads of questions, interacted with them, looked genuinely interested and weren't in a rush to get away at any stage. I've done loads of events and met footballers who'd clearly rather be anywhere other than where they are and can't get away quick enough…those two were the opposite.
"When customers with kids came in, they were brilliant with all of them and, again, a huge credit. They stayed as long as they could, and I really appreciated them for that. We had a good laugh all afternoon with them and really enjoyed their company. Pilgrim Pete was also a huge hit with everyone and really put in a shift!"
It was not just star power on display, though, as guests were also invited to sample the culinary quality on offer within the Mayflower Grandstand at Home Park Stadium.
Sean said: "The food was excellent. Food for mass catering events is not always the best, but we had loads of positive comments from everyone as to the high quality of food we had and I couldn't fault it at all, it was excellent.
"We will 100% be using the facilities again, no question. It was superb."
If you are interested in finding out more about Rexel, click here visit their website.
To enquire about how Home Park Stadium can take your corporate event to the next level, get in touch with the team by emailing [email protected] or by calling 01752 302206.
The Tribute Players' Lounge
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I was somewhere between Gok Machar and Jaac with my team. It had already been a long day. What was supposed to be a three-hour journey had doubled. It was well past dark, and our vehicle was weaving in and out between trees and thorn bushes, trying to avoid the occasional stump protruding from the "road" that was really nothing more than a glorified cow path.
All of a sudden, PPF Director Matt Chancey yelled out, "Hey, stop the car! There's our rig!" Off the road a ways, lit up like a Christmas tree, was one of our drilling rigs busily drilling another borehole to bring fresh water to the thousands of people in Jaac.
It was a beautiful sight. There was no moon, so the stars were very bright. It was a peaceful night, but not a quiet one, because the air was filled with the hammer-sound of the drilling rig as it pounded its way deeper and deeper through the dark red soil.
Although it was late, the noise of the rig had attracted a lot of attention, mostly from men and boys standing around watching the work.
I felt an overwhelming sense of peace and thankfulness at that moment. I remembered how difficult it had been to finish the first few wells in the community. Now I was witnessing the 41st well being drilled!
By the time I left Africa to return home for Christmas, the 45th well was completed. At the time of publication, the 52nd well was operational in Jaac. Our goal of reaching the half-way mark to 100 wells by Christmas was met. PRAISE THE LORD!
Of course, God uses means to achieve His ends, and that means I need to thank you, our ministry partners, for helping us achieve this aggressive goal in the middle of a world-wide recession. We know God is not worried about the economy, nor should we be. The year 2009 was filled with incredible challenges, but none were greater than God, and He provided for all our needs and many thousands of lives were impacted by the work you have chosen to support.
In addition to the water project in Jaac, we also witnessed the fruit of our other ministries to the community. It was my pleasure to be joined by my good friend and PPF ministry partner, Larry Warren of African Leadership. Larry and I were privileged to attend a graduation ceremony of 29 pastors in Jaac who had completed more than 500 hours of training sponsored by African Leadership. It had been two years since Larry had last been with me in Jaac, and he summed up the changes in one word: "health."
PPF's medical clinic in Jaac was very busy, as we received the first of hopefully many shipments of shoes and medicine using our new truck, "Mercy," to save us thousands of dollars normally spent on expensive relief flights.
It was a wonderful trip, and I felt so privileged to have been chosen to be a part of this vital work in a barren land forgotten by the rest of the world. It reminded me that the same God Who watches over the sparrows has remembered His suffering people in Jaac.
I know most of you reading these pages will never have an opportunity to see this miracle for yourselves, but I hope my words and these pictures convey at least a hint of the magnitude your prayers and testimony of giving have made in the lives of the people in Jaac and other communities in Sudan.


Do you understand the factors that drive your customers' purchasing decisions? The introduction of artificial intelligence and machine learning into the digital price optimization space can help to increase loyalty and retention. Revionics recently commissioned Forrester Consulting* to investigate retailers' views on shopper behaviors, various discounts, markdowns, and promotions.
How are retailers missing the mark?
71% of retailers think shoppers would be frustrated by frequent pricing changes, while 62% of shoppers are fine with frequent price updates as long as they are fair.
76% of retailers think shoppers are looking for the cheapest price, while only 17% of shoppers buy products at the cheapest price.
Leveraging AI, you can personalize shoppers' pricing and promotions, making them feel valued and driving improved loyalty. Be the first to see the results of our latest study and find out what is driving your shoppers' behavior.
"Retail Success Requires Personalized, AI-Driven Pricing Strategies," October 2018, a commissioned study conducted by Forrester Consulting on behalf of Revionics.


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CHURCH CORONAVIRUS
Mississippi police fine Christians $500 for attending drive-in worship service
by Bryan Brammer · Apr 10th, 2020 11:33 am
Chris Owens / Facebook
Mississippi police on Wednesday issued $500 tickets to more than 20 Christians who were sitting inside their vehicles on church property listening to a sermon from their pastor.
As members of Temple Baptist Church in Greenville, Mississippi, were listening to a radio broadcast of their pastor, Arthur Scott, preaching from inside the church, they were approached by a police officer who was handing out citations for violating the social distancing mandate.
Parishioner Chris Owens posted a video on Facebook of his interaction with the officer.
The video shows the officer asking for identification and advising Owens to leave the church parking lot. The officer explained that drive-in church services were "considered a gathering even though you're in your vehicle."
In a press release from the City of Greenville on Tuesday, Mayor Errick Simmons announced that drive-in church services were also prohibited, along with in-person gatherings.
"The City of Greenville put in place an executive order that orders all church buildings closed for in person and drive-in church services, until the State of Mississippi's Shelter In Place Executive Order No. 1466 is lifted by Governor Tate Reeves," the press release says.
Mile-long line seen outside California food pantry
Chicago mayor slaps 9:00 p.m. curfew on liquor sales in response to gun violence during lockdown


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The Pogues & Sparrow and the Workshop - Brixton Academy, London - 21/12/2010 | FESTIVALPHOTO
The Pogues & Sparrow and the Workshop - Brixton Academy, London - 21/12/2010
Tonights support band are the oddly named "Sparrow and the workshop". This three piece folk-rock band from Glasgow take to the stage in a half-full venue - many people are either struggling with the snow or are simply preparing for the Pogues by drinking in nearby pubs. While they do get plenty of applause, this bands sound seems more suited to smaller venues and in my opinion they struggle to create any real impact in such a large venue, which is as they admit the largest they've ever played.
By the time The Pogues eventually make it on stage the venue is full to bursting point with an enthusiastic crowd. The band come on stage with singer Shane McGowan staggering which suggests their late entry to the stage is the result of some pre-show drinking on his part. The crowd go wild as soon as the first song starts - "Streams of Whiskey", and for the entire show the standing crowd is a mass of dancing, cheering fans - I've never seen so many people dancing at a concert before. While the band mainly stay in a line halfway back on the stage, occasionally the accordionist charges forward, climbs onto some low speakers before leaping off.
The band play plenty of their hits that please the crowd, including "A pair of brown eyes", "Dirty old town" and "Thousands are sailing" before taking a break. The encore - "Sally MacLennane", "Rainy night in soho" and "The irish rover" end on a real high, but the crowd are clearly expecting more as the band leave the stage as they havent played "Fairytale of New York" - one of their best known songs that has become a Christmas classic. The fans arent disappointed as the band come back on stage for a second encore and kick off with "Fairytale of New York". During the song, fake snow is launched from the lighting rig which combines with the starlight backdrop to create a fantastic snowy starlit night effect. The show is finally closed with Fiesta, but as soon as Fairytale ended a steady trickle of people had already started to leave the venue to make their way home - a journey made much harder by the late start and late finish of the Pogues tonight, but I doubt if anyone who had a bad trip home regretted it. This was a fantastic night of music and its a shame that its been advertised as the farewell tour - indeed tonight was supposed to be their final UK date until a third night in Brixton was added. Whether it turns out to be their final UK tour remains to be seen, but its clear that many fans hope they reconsider and keep on touring.
The Pogues photos: http://www.festivalphoto.net/index.php?page=2&concertID=17686
Sparrow and the workshop photos: http://www.festivalphoto.net/index.php?page=2&concertID=17687
Pogues setlist:
Streams of whiskey
If I should fall from grace with god
The broad majestic shannon
Boat train
A pair of brown eyes
The Sunny side of the street
Repeal of the licensing laws
The band played waltzing matilda
The body of an american
Thousands are sailing
Dirty old town
Bottle of smoke
sickbed of cuchulain
Sally MacLennane
Rainy night in soho
Writer: Anthony May
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What America fears more than evil clowns
Social Links for Michael Kaplan
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American adults may act amusingly scared tonight when ghosts and goblins and kids dressed like Kim Kardashian ring their doorbells. But earlier this year, when a team of sociology students and professors from Chapman University in Orange, Calif., asked people what frightened them, they gave up the goods, and no costumed boogeymen made the list.
The recently released, third annual Chapman University Survey of American Fears secured the opinions of more than 1,500 adults throughout the country. "The 2016 survey data shows us the top fears have shifted from last year's, which were heavily based in economic and 'big brother' type issues to include more health and financial fears this year," Christopher Bader, Ph.D., told EurekaAlert.org. The Chapman professor of sociology, who topped the project, added, "People often fear what they cannot control, and we find continued evidence of that in our top fears."
One thing that has not changed from a year earlier is the No. 1 fear among Americans: Corruption of government officials. Other real-world frights for 2016 include terrorist attacks, not having enough money for the future and the death of a loved one. Additionally, identity theft and Obamacare both made the list as things that are frightworthy.
Adding another level on the fear survey, Bader and his crew gauged the degree to which Americans buy into fears that go beyond pure reality. "We found clear evidence that the United States is a strongly conspiratorial society," said Bader,.who included questions about the JFK assassination, 9/11 coverups and extra-terrestrials (40 percent of those questioned believe that the government keeps details on aliens under wraps). "We see a degree of paranoia in the responses."
To truly measure the level of paranoia — and the degree to which that response is completely knee-jerk — Bader asked respondents to opine on the North Dakota crash. He provided details of the crash, and nearly one-third of respondents believed it to be covered up by the government. That was before they realized that the North Dakota crash was completely fabricated.
That breadth of that response — and the high number of people so quick to brand the fake event a conspiracy — provides the peaceful and rational among us with something to truly fear. As related by Professor Bader: "Conspiracy theorists tend to be more pessimistic about the near future, fearful of government, less trusting of other people in their lives and more likely to engage in actions due to their fears, such as purchasing a gun."
modern fears
Read Next Dissecting 'Westworld's massive orgy scene


It's been a very busy week, and I've been a bit delinquent in sharing my fellow ARIA authors with everyone. So get ready for a tommy gun of authors comin' right achta. It'll be fun. Really.
Kimbery Kowal Archand is another author who is living one of my dream lives- studying the universe. If I had the aptitude I would love to study the stars and galaxies. Maybe next life, who knows? For now, take a look at Kimberly's work at the Rhode Island Author's Expo on Saturday December 5th.


Within the next few days, the European Space Agency plans to fire up the current largest solid rocket motor built in one segment for the first time. The motor, called the P120C, is a key piece of hardware that ESA plans to use in its two next-generation rockets: the Vega-C and Ariane 6. This test-fire is a crucial step to see if the motor will be ready for spaceflight in the next couple of years.
The test is scheduled to take place at ESA's South American spaceport, located in Kourou, French Guiana. There, the P120C will be held down on a test stand, and the motor will be fired for just over two minutes. The P120C needs a large test stand, too. The motor measures more than four stories tall and 11 feet wide.
Solid rocket motors like the P120C are a relatively rare breed these days. Most major rockets rely on engines that run on cold liquid propellants, like cryogenic oxygen and hydrogen. These engines operate by feeding two types of liquids — a fuel and an oxidizer — into a chamber where they combust. This method makes the engines particularly efficient, meaning they use fuel more effectively to create thrust. Plus, you can manipulate the amount of thrust of a liquid engine, a concept known as throttling. It's similar to how you change the acceleration of a car, depending on how you press down on the gas pedal. By changing the rate at which the liquids flow through the engine, you can hasten or slow a rocket's acceleration. That's useful for, say, landing a rocket back on Earth after launch.
However liquid engines have their downsides. Getting these propellants to combust in an engine requires a lot of complicated machinery, sensors, and valves, which make the vehicles complex and expensive. "Nothing is free, so this typically has to be paid off by extra costs, because it's more complexity, more parts," Nicola Ierardo, the Vega launcher stages engineering manager at ESA, tells The Verge. Meanwhile, storing propellants at such cold temperatures is difficult, and the liquids can get temperamental. For instance, the weird behavior of SpaceX's liquid oxygen propellant led to one of the company's Falcon 9 rockets exploding on a launchpad in 2016.
The P120C in its test stand.
By comparison, solid rocket motors are much simpler than their liquid propellant counterparts. Instead of needing two liquids to mix inside a chamber, the propellants of a solid rocket motor are already mixed together in a big, solid chunk. When it comes time to launch, the solid propellants are ignited and simply burn away at a constant rate. That means these types of motors can't be throttled, and there's less flexibility in their design, but they don't require as many valves and machinery, which makes them cheaper. And though they're less efficient, solid rocket motors still pack a large amount of thrust, while being considered the safest kind of rockets around.
So if you need some cheap, reliable thrust, a solid rocket motor will do the trick. That's why solid rocket motors are often used as add-ons to rockets, in order to provide extra power during takeoff. The ESA wants to use two P120Cs as strap-on boosters for the Ariane 6. However, the agency also wants the motor to serve as the main booster for the Vega-C.
Still, making a super large motor like the P120C in one piece is tough since large manufacturing plants and casings are needed to make all the large parts of the motor, and huge storage facilities are needed to house the solid propellants. "This is a result of different expertise all along Europe and the big facilities we have in Kourou for casting large quantities of solid rocket propellant," says Ierardo.
Will Europe Save Creators From Google, Facebook?


In November 2017, Collège Jean Vilar gets the agreement from Odyssey Youths for a slightly crazy project : to bring all the Latin class students on a school trip to Rome to make a documentary. The project, carried by Anelyse Jacquet – teacher in classics, is coming to an end after almost 2 years of hard work.
Titled From One City To Another, the documentary, produced by Christophe Hamon (a movie director from Reunion already noticed in the profession for his movie about the Khmer rouge genocide, Welcome to Angkar) exposed the pupils from the old « Cité des 4000 » - district of La Courneuve in France - to the impressive Roman city.
The movie that relates the story of a two-way trip between Antiquity and our era is first meant to be an hymn to beauty, in response to the attacks from which the children's image suffer greatly every day, faced with the prejudiced eyes of the people they unfortunately met all too often in Rome.
We countered this by offering them another outlook – kindness, that every child should be granted with, because access to the ancient culture can be an open door to learn to grasp the beauty of this world. The pride they felt from their knowledge is one of the keys that allowed them to overcome their difficulties in communication.
From One City To Another also reminds us that the teaching of Latin is not as elitist as one might sometimes say, a language that brings a lot of comfort to the pupils to whom it befalls, pupils lulled by mythology, who are nostalgic for an era that they idealize and that conveys to them numerous dreams of grandeur.
We have never seen so many beautiful smiles among the ancient ruins and Rome still remembers !


1) The main location of working-class formation and protest has shifted within global industries along with shifts in the geographical location of production (spatial fixes). Major waves of labor unrest are both a significant cause and a significant effect of this process.
2) The main sites of working-class formation and protest has shifted from industry to industry together with the rise/decline of leading sectors of capitalist development (product fixes).
3) Intra-industry spatial shifts (thesis #1) tend to be from core (high wage) to more peripheral (low wage) locations (consonant with the expectations of product cycle theory).
4) Technological fixes (the reorganization of the labor process and the introduction of new technologies) have tended to re-establish the competitive advantage of core locales, leading to a reconsolidation of production in the core, and a concomitant reversal of the core-periphery shift in working-class formation/protest.
5) With each spatial fix (within a product life cycle), new working-class formation and protest takes place in an increasingly competitive environment, making it more difficult to secure the resources needed to establish stable labor-capital accords and bring labor militancy under control. This thesis is consonant with the thesis that sees the semiperiphery (and increasingly the periphery) as a "zone of turbulence".
6) Variations from the above dynamics are to be expected as a result of contingent (although not random) outcomes of political struggles that shape relations among labor, capital and states (see for example the discussion of the "Japanese anomaly" in Forces of Labor, chapter 2).
7) World wars have had a strong effect on the overall pattern of labor unrest: world labor unrest rose on the eve of the world wars, declined during the initial years of the wars, and exploded in their aftermath. This pattern is characteristic not only of the belligerent countries, but also of countries not directly involved in the fighting. The above relationship is less strong in the case of wars that are not world wars.
8) Periods of world hegemonic crisis/breakdown have been periods of relatively high levels of "dysfunctional" social conflict (including dysfunctional labor-capital conflict). Periods of world hegemony have been periods of relatively stable social compacts and low levels of "dysfunctional" social conflict. The "dysfunctional" social conflict that exists tends to be localized outside the core in periods of world hegemony (consonant with thesis #5); it tends to become more spatially widespread in periods of world hegemonic crisis/breakdown.
9) World labor unrest in periods of hegemonic crisis/breakdown has shaped the institutional structures of subsequent hegemonic world orders in significant ways, transforming the social-political terrain on which world labor unrest unfolds.
10) Industrialized warfare in the twentieth century increased labor's bargaining power. Post-industrial warfare in the early twenty-first century has weakened labor's bargaining power.
One underlying assumption of the foregoing theses is that the outcome of waves of labor unrest depends in important ways on the nature and extent of workers' bargaining power. Spatiality, in turn, is an important component of the conceptualization and measurement of the main forms of workers' bargaining power. Thus: Workplace bargaining power is defined as the power that results from the ability of strategically located workers to disrupt production in an entire workplace, firm, industry, national, regional, and/or global economy (or an entire network of distribution, as can be the case with transport workers). Associational bargaining power is defined as the power that comes from the collective organization of workers, which in turn, is shaped by the location of workers within such non-workplace networks as those of kinship, neighborhood and community.
A central premise underlying the above theses is that workers and workers' movements located in different states/regions (and different time periods) are linked to each other by the world-scale division of labor and by global political processes. Thus, an understanding of relational processes among "cases" on a world scale across both time and space is fundamental to understanding the dynamics of labor movements.
It is helpful to distinguish between two different types of relational processes: (1) "direct" and (2) "indirect". In the case of direct relational processes, the actors are aware of and consciously promoting the links among the cases. These direct relational processes can be further subdivided into two different forms: diffusion and solidarity. In the case of diffusion, actors located in "cases" that are separated in time and space are influenced by the spread of information about the behavior of others and its consequences. "Social contagion" is a common image used in the methodological literature on diffusion. Historically, labor migration has been an important process promoting the diffusion of political ideologies and forms of labor protest. Diffusion can take place without active cooperation between the source site and recipient site of the "social disease" (e.g., as with the spread of information through the print or electronic media). In contrast, the second form of direct relational processes—solidarity—involves personal contact and the development of social networks and organizations—transnational social networks and organizations in the case of labor internationalism.
The specific contribution of the world-systems perspective to social analysis is its focus on what I have called indirect relational processes. Indeed, the theses outlined above mostly refer to indirect relational processes. In the case of indirect relational processes, the affected actors are often not fully conscious of the relational links. Rather, actors are linked behind their back by systemic processes including the unintended consequences of a series of actions and reactions to the contradictions characteristic of historical capitalism. Thus, for example, if capitalists respond to a strong labor movement by relocating production to a new site (thus weakening labor in the de-industrializing site but strengthening labor in the industrializing site), then we can say that the fates of these two labor movements are linked by indirect relational processes.
Taking the example of late-nineteenth-century migration, we can detect both indirect and direct relational processes linking labor movements across time and space. The spread of labor movement ideologies and practices as workers moved across the globe is an example of diffusion. But, we can also detect critical indirect relational processes. The U.S. labor movement's success in having open immigration outlawed in the 1920s set the stage for the stabilization of the U.S. working class and contributed to the subsequent CIO (Congress of Industrial Organizations) victories in the 1930s. At the same time, however, this U.S. labor movement "success" shut off what had been an essential safety valve for Europe in the nineteenth century (mass emigration). It thereby transformed the terrain on which workers' movements operated in Europe, and according to E.H. Carr, helped set the stage for the defeat of European labor movements and the rise of fascism.
If we are to make relations among the cases across time and space a central part of the explanatory framework, then we cannot rely on the comparative-historical strategy of research. The comparative-historical perspective, like the approach taken here, criticizes the strategy of making generalizations from one or a limited number of cases, and thus calls for widening the geographical scope of analyses. Much of the comparative-historical literature follows the strategy of "splitting" in search of distinctiveness in contrast to a strategy of "lumping" cases in search of commonalities and generalizations (Hexter 1979, 241-2; Collier and Collier 1991, 13-15). The problem arises, however, in the next research step in comparative-historical analyses—that is, tracing the differences in outcome to preexisting and independently produced differences in the internal characteristics of the various cases.
While comparative-historical sociologists have produced some of the most interesting recent scholarship in labor studies, the research strategy nonetheless impedes full access to what we take to be a key explanatory variable of labor movement behavior and outcome (i.e., the relationships among the cases themselves). As Charles Tilly among others has pointed out, the results of a strict cross-national analysis may be misleading. A social unit's connection to the whole system of social relationships in which it is embedded "frequently produces effects [that] seem to be autonomous properties of the social unit itself." As a result, the patterned diversity among the social units appears to be consistent with cross-national variation-finding explanations. This has been referred to as "Galton's problem" in the anthropology literature: that is, in a situation in which cases are presumed to be independent—but are actually linked relationally—the relations among the cases become a lurking (unexamined) variable. Indeed, in the theses outlined above, similarity/variation among labor movements is not merely the outcome of the cases' similar/different independent and pre-existing characteristics. Rather, the relationships among the cases, and relationships between the cases and the totality, are key parts of the explanation of similar/different outcomes.
In sum, we require an analytical strategy that is sensitive to the relational processes among key actors (labor, capital, states) in the world capitalist system as a whole, as well as the systemic constraints affecting those actors. Needless to say, such an approach presents enormous problems of complexity, and a strategy for reducing complexity and making research feasible is needed.
The strength of Wallerstein's perspective is that it emphasizes the very real constraints that the totality imposes on the range of possible action open to local actors. But its weakness is that it excludes a priori a situation in which local action (agency) significantly impacts local outcomes, much less a situation in which local agency impacts the operation of the system as a whole (as are foreseen, for example, in Theses #6 and #9 above). Thus, while keeping in focus the real systemic constraints that the totality imposes on local actors, the "encompassing comparison" approach was not adopted in Forces of Labor as a strategy for reducing complexity. Instead, the research strategy adopted is closest to what Philip McMichael has called "incorporating comparisons"—a strategy in which the interactions among the multiplicity of subunits of the system are seen as creating the system itself over time. The resultant conceptualization is one in which relational processes in space unfold in and through time.
The approach outlined above necessarily leads to a narrative mode of causal analysis—in some ways similar to that advocated by historical sociologists. The narrative strategy, Larry Griffin has argued, allows us to understand social phenomena "as temporally ordered, sequential, unfolding and open-ended 'stories' fraught with conjunctures and contingency". As a strategy for explanation, "descriptively accurate narratives, which depict a sequence in chronological order… do more than tell a story," according to Jill Quadagno and Stan Knapp. Such narratives can "serve among other purposes, to identify causal mechanisms" because "when things happen…affects how they happen." But while historical sociologists have stressed the importance of treating time as dynamic, they have generally continued to treat space as static (e.g., conceptualizing national cases as fixed, independent units). In contrast, Forces of Labor sought to create a narrative of working-class formation in which events unfold in dynamic time-space.
Terrence Hopkins' contention about the purposes and limits of statistical elaboration in the historical social sciences is relevant here. Hopkins argued that the purpose of statistical elaborations should not be "explanation" but rather should be the identification of patterns across time and space that then become the explicandum of a multidimensional causal "story". Capturing the causal processes themselves, Hopkins argued, requires a narrative rather than a statistical mode of analysis.
In order to pursue the research strategy described above, we need empirical maps of the time-space patterning of the phenomena of interest—in the case of Forces of Labor, an empirical map of the time-space patterning of labor unrest. The map is needed to allow us to navigate a path through the bewildering totality of potentially relevant episodes of the phenomenon of interest in the time-space span of interest. In other words, it allows us to identify patterns across time/space and thus make informed decisions about what/where/when to study more closely. The empirical map allows us to "lump" and "split" cases as a tactic for uncovering the patterns to be explained through the construction of relational narratives.
The first problem is that for most phenomena of interest, information of sufficient geographical and historical scope to construct the type of empirical map needed is not readily available. Forces of Labor relied on the World Labor Group (WLG) Database, which was constructed specifically for the purpose of this and related research. Building on a well-established tradition within the social sciences, the database was constructed by using information from newspaper reports of labor unrest (strikes, demonstrations, factory occupations, food riots, etc.) throughout the world beginning in 1870. The result is a database with over 91,947 "mentions" of labor unrest for 168 "countries" covering the 1870-1996 period, with information on the article date, action-type, industry (if specified) and sub-national location (if specified) for each mention.
The database was compiled by reading through the Indexes of The Times (London) and the New York Times from 1870 to 1996 and recording each incident of labor unrest identified onto a standard data collection sheet. This was a process that required an enormous input of labor, first in the design and testing of the coding procedures, and then in the very labor-intensive process of reading through the Indexes and recording the information, and finally entering and numerically coding the data in computer files in database and time series form, and subjecting the resulting time series for individual countries to reliability studies. I often joke that if we had known what we were getting into (that is, accurately estimated the total amount of work involved), we never would have done it.
Of course, this would not be a problem for a database created from scratch, as long as each method produced internally consistent results over time. Nevertheless, the surprising finding was that the time involved was not substantially less for the computerized search. This is because the computerized search produced a large number of false positives that had to be eliminated by hand. (The computer had a hard time distinguishing, for example, between oil workers striking and workers striking oil). Nevertheless, with care, a sufficiently valid and reliable approach to data collection using digitized newspaper sources might be developed (albeit, most likely not one that is helpful for updating the WLG database in a comparable fashion). Bruce Podobnik (at Lewis and Clark), for one, has been constructing a database on anti-globalization movements relying on digitized newspaper reports from around the world.
The second caution is the usual data-theory caution—for one can go from dying of thirst for data to drowning in a sea of data. The massive amount of data that can be produced (in the case of the WLG, 91,947 mentions of labor unrest) can only be turned into interesting/observable patterns and compelling explanations by bringing the lenses of theory to bear on what would otherwise be an overwhelming jumble of empirical observations.
 Paper to be presented at the "Specialist Meeting on Globalization in the World-System: Mapping Change Over Time", University of California, Riverside, February 7-8, 2004.
 Beverly J. Silver, Forces of Labor: Workers' Movements and Globalization Since 1870, Cambridge University Press, 2003.
 E.H. Carr, Nationalism and After, Macmillan, London, 1945.
 Charles Tilly, Big Structures, Large Processes, Huge Comparisons, Russell Sage Foundation, 1984, page 146.
 For a methodological critique of the comparative-historical approach from a world-systems perspective, see Terence K. Hopkins, "The Study of the Capitalist World-Economy", in T.K. Hopkins, I. Wallerstein and Associates, World-Systems Analysis: Theory and Methodology, 1982, pages 9-38. On Galton's problem, see Raoul Naroll, "Galton's Problem", in Raoul Naroll and Ronald Cohen, editors, A Handbook of Method in Cultural Anthropology, The Natural History Press, 1970, pages 974-89; and E. A. Hammel, "The Comparative Method in Anthropological Perspective", in Comparative Studies in Society and History, 22, 2, April, pages 145-55.
 Tilly, op cit, page 124.
 Frederick Cooper, "Farewell to the Category-Producing Class?" In International Labor and Working-Class History, 57, Spring, 2000, pages 60-68 (quote from page 62).
 Philip McMichael, Íncorporating Comparison within A World-Historical Perspective: An Alternative Comparative Method". American Sociological Review, 55, 1990, pages 385-97.
 Larry Griffin, "Temporality, Events, and Explanation in Historical Sociology: An Introduction", in Sociological Methods and Research, 20, 4, May, 1992, pages 403-427 (quote from page 405).
 Terence K. Hopkins, "World-Systems Analysis: Methodological Issues," in T.K. Hopkins, I. Wallerstein and Associates, World-Systems Analysis: Theory and Methodology, 1982, pages 145-58 (quote from page 32); see also Arthur C. Danto, Analytical Philosophy of History, Cambridge University Press, 1965, page 237.


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BSc Program in Food Service Management in Central America and Caribbean 2021
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A Bachelor of Science (BSc) is a postsecondary degree that is offered in a variety of subject areas. Programs are available at universities and colleges all over the world, and they take between three and five years to complete.Central American and Caribbean nations are rich in culture, history and culture. They are proud of their ancient history, and most of the citizens take pride and joy in sho… Read more
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Heading towards the fourth season of the Indian Super League, all the teams have geared up for ISL season 2017. But this time the competition would be a lot more challenging, due to the introduction of two new teams, Bengaluru FC and Jamshedpur FC. That means this season ten teams will be competing against each other for the title.
But Chennaiyin FC is looking well prepared for this ISL 2017-2018 season, after winning the Isl 2015 season. They failed to continue their rhythm in Isl 2016 season, and they finished 7th in the league table last season. They have appointed former Aston Villa manager John Gregory, as their new head coach. In the hopes of repeating their heroics of Isl 2015 season. They have also updated their side, so let's take a look at their squad for 2017.
GoalKeepers: Karanjit Singh, Pawan Kumar, Shahin Lal Meloli.
Chennaiyin FC appointed John Gregory as their new head coach for Isl 2017 -2018 campaign. A man who started his footballing journey as a professional player in 1972.Since then the veteran player has featured in 600 English Premier League matches and also played for England 6 times. The 63 years old began his career as a coach in the year 2000 for Portsmouth. Since then he had successfully managed teams like Aston Villa, Qpr, and Derby in some of the world's biggest leagues. He'll be looking to add new milestones in his career with Chennaiyin FC this season; he took over this position from Marco Materazzi after last season disappointments. Chennaiyin FC will be hoping to win the Isl 2017 season under the guidance of their new coach.
"We are very happy to have appointed John as our head coach. He has immense experience at the very highest level of the game both as a player and coach and his vision and personality match our club philosophy and ambition. We look forward to a great season under his guidance".
The Isl 2017 auction which was held on 23, July 2017, which featured more than 200 players for sale, although only 100 players were sold successfully. Chennaiyin Fc strategy at the auction was to spend smart and not significant, as they acquired only three players over 50 lakh mark. They brought former midfielder Thoi Singh for (57) lakhs who was a part of their winning campaign in 2015.He was in decent form in I- league last year. They've also signed Bikramjit Singh for (53) lakhs, former Atletico de Kolkata midfielder and Dhanachandra Singh for (50) lakhs to strengthen their defense. To further increase their firepower in midfield they've snapped Dhanapal Ganesh, Francis Fernandes, and Germanpreet Singh.
To do the defensive duties, they've acquired the services of players like Fulganco Cardozo, Keenan Almeida, Sanjay Balmuchu, Jerry Lalrinzuala. They have signed two goalkeepers as well Pawan Kumar, Shahinlal Meloli and a sole striker Mohammed Rafi.
"We are very happy to have retained Jeje and Karanjit. Jeje has been with the club since its inception and has grown into a leader and of course become one of the finest players of the country".
They've also successfully retained the services of Jerry Lalrinzuala, a young 19-year-old defender from Mizoram. He played exceptionally well last season by bagging one goal and two assists in 13 games as a left back.
Chennaiyin FC has joined the list of teams with the most number of foreign players in their squad, like many other teams. They have included eight international players in their squad this season namely, Inigo Calderon as right back, Mailson Alves and Henrique Sereno as Centre back. In midfield they have Jaime Gavilan as the left winger, Raphael Augusto as Central Midfielder, Rene Mihelic as attacking midfielder, Gregory Nelson and Jude Nworuh as Forwards.
Defender: Mailson Alves (Centre-back), Henrique Sereno (Centre Back), Jerry Lalrinzuala (Left Back), Iñigo Calderón (Right Back).
Forwards: Jeje Lalpekhlua (Centre Forward), Mohammed Rafi (Centre Forward).
Since 2016, Chennaiyin FC jersey is manufactured by Puma; earlier it was made by Tyka and Ozone group. Which was a blue colored Jersey with Chennaiyin FC Logo at the top right-hand side. As off now Chennaiyin FC 2017 jersey is not released yet, but you can follow our social media pages for updates and our official website too.
Once available you can buy Official Chennaiyin FC 2017 jersey from various online stores or via our official website. For more information, please stay tuned.
Now watch Chennaiyin FC games online, live only on hot star application or just go to hotstar.com and live stream directly to your laptop. For latest score updates just visit our official website.
Visit our facebook page for latest news, transfer, score updates, player's stats, league table, points table, after match reviews, previews, expert analysis. Watch exclusive video's, highlights, big moments of the game on our Youtube channel.
You can Pre-book match tickets through our online partners at BookMyShow.com. Our by just visiting out stadium before the game.
Chennaiyin FC home ground is Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium in Chennai; all Chennaiyin FC home games are played here. The stadium is beautiful and has a mammoth capacity of 38000 people and hosts multiple Football and Athletic events. It is nicknamed as Marina Arena for Marina machan.Located at Sydenhams Road, Park Town behind the Chennai Central suburban Railway station and Ripon Building. Named after India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.
Visit our official website for the latest news, Interviews, Video's, stats, Merchandise, CFC TV, Fixtures & Schedules, Fan Zone, Download Chennaiyin FC Official Song, Press release, Squad updates and much more. You can also buy our Official Jersey, Chennaiyin FC logo Badges, Chennaiyin FC kits, flags, banners, etc.


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How to customize Android status bar / notification penal with any Android version without root required. Have you ever wanted to change the status bar on your Android phone or tablet? Maybe you wanted to change the position of the clock, add a battery percentage, or just get a different look. Whatever your reason, there's a simple way to customize your status bar–and it doesn't even require root access. If you ever wanted to change the color of status bar or re position certain element like clock or change the way certain things like battery, network, or WiFi indicator look, This is possible. LIKE | SHARE | SUBSCRIBE FOR MORE VIDEOS LIKE THIS THANKS FOR WATCHING! --ENJOY-- Download Link: https://goo.gl/hf70zQ ➽ Subscribe (IT'S FREE): https://goo.gl/MXns6a CONNECT WITH ME PERSONALLY: Follow on Google+ https://plus.google.com/+FahedZaman Follow on Twitter : https://twitter.com/FahedZaman Like on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/fahedzaman By The Croft by Joakim Karud is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... Artist: https://soundcloud.com/joakimkarud If you found this tutorial helpful be sure to leave a LIKE and SUBSCRIBE for more content from me!
More than just the defaults: learn how to customize the Android ToolBar and the actions menu by changing styles, adding subviews and providing your own layouts. Recorded March 10, 2018 For more great, cross-platform mobile development training content, visit university.xamarin.com.


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How we helped DHL to innovate at a crucial time
By Gaëlle Cools on Nov 29, 2021 10:29:50 AM
Matches in business heaven are not always made between startups and global corporate giants, but such was the case in 2013 when we (then 'Slickss') pitched our automated end-to-end logistics solution to DHL's service logistics entity... and gained our second-ever customer.
We've grown considerably since then and learned much. But this story of our early days shows that even when we were just starting out, we develop a strong future-proof solution, and a relationship with DHL that has lasted to this day.
Eight years ago, one of the DHL divisions had a problem: one of their biggest customers was asking them to innovate. It was 2013, and every little kid was walking around with an iPhone in hand.
Yet the delivery Goliath was still doing things manually: through a call centre that was manned 24/7, 365 days a year. Unless their customers rang to get an update, they had no shipment status. And often, once the courier was en route, DHL didn't have the foggiest idea where they might be.
"Our customers stood there waiting for the courier and we didn't know what had happened, nor did the engineer," Didier De Buyser, head of global business process optimization at DHL Supply Chain.
They needed some form of automation or real-time visibility. After all, dependability and speed was (and still is) at the heart of DHL's delivery mandate.
When most people think of DHL, they think of yellow vans with red logos that deliver parcels from Amazon. But DHL service logistics is a separate division that offers same-day and urgent shipments to the life science and tech sectors.
Their job is to get a crucial piece of medical or technical equipment to a location pronto: within 2 to 4 hours anywhere and everywhere, if humanly (or robotically) possible. Every minute counts. So does reliability. Their customers can't afford to have a broken Xray machine or for a power plant to be without power due to a defunct part.
DHL tries to limit the down time by delivering these items in a New York minute. Or, in any case, faster than the shoes you desperately need delivered so you can wear them to tonight's party.
DHL started looking for a company that could help them not only automate the end-to-end same day solution, but also monitor it and offer an accurate ETA calculation tool. They shopped around the logistics software service market to see what was available and came across us.
Normally, they turned to Oracle or SAP, the big classic TMS companies. But what they needed was very niche, and these companies were either too expensive or didn't provide anything outside of the box.
We were given a use case and had to prove what we could do. Despite being small and relatively unknown, we made quite a big impression with how we approached DHL's specific needs. Not only did we come up with the best proposal from a cost perspective, but DHL felt our solution was superior.
They were sold.
Together with DHL, we worked on the design of the solution and they went live with their first customer in June 2014. Then, other DHL entities began to come on board and adopt our system. What we created for them was a completely automated modus operandi.
Customers no longer needed to call. An order arrived, the command centre got an alert, it was processed, and the shipment was sent out. It was the end-to-end service with all the necessary bells and whistles that DHL had hoped for.
Nothing was left out: the system proactively monitored possible issues, limiting escalation. DHL could define its own rules depending on the location and customer.
"Now we know the status the whole time, from the moment an order is made through to the delivery." Didier De Buyser, head of global business process optimization at DHL Supply Chain.
To top it off, with our system there was a complete log of what had happened and all the actions taken. This whole history with the customer could be used if something had gone wrong: they could use it as a precedent to make changes within the organization.
It was feedback gold. DHL not only saw the benefit of our system for their customers, but also the huge value it brought its internal operations.
"Over the years, we've had a successful relationship with SupplyStack and together we've also enhanced the system based on input we had, as long as SupplyStack saw that it would benefit one of their other customers," De Buyser said.
And, as we have grown and acquired more customers, DHL has gained from the various functionalities we've built for other clients. Today, any new customer with DHL's service logistics organization will, by default, use the system that we're currently offering.
Working with our solution provides DHL with accurate calculations to make sure that what their customer is requesting is doable, and based on the available stock and couriers, can meet their customer's tight timelines.
All the fancy new up-to-the-minute tools and gimmicks that we're bringing to the table is helping DHL to deliver on their promise to... well, deliver.
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Virginia > Amelia County > Landmark #185274
Sayler's Creek Battlefield
VA 617, 618, and 619, Farmville, Virginia
File:Sayler'sCreekBattlefield 1936 LookingAcrossSaylersCreek cropped.jpg
Sayler's Creek Battlefield, 1936 photo. Cropped in 2008 to remove border and caption whose complete text was "Sayler's Creek Battlefield State Park, 1936 / Looking from Ewell's right across Sayler's Creek (Hillsman House in background) / N. P. S. photograph".
View this photo at en.wikipedia.org
Deatonville
After the April 2-3 evacuation of Richmond and Petersburg and the flight of the Confederate government, Gen. Robert E. Lee attempted to move his Army of Northern Virginia to North Carolina, where he hoped to join forces with Gen. Joseph E. Johnston. A logistical mix-up caused a one-day delay at Amelia Court House, during which time Union forces moved to his front and cut off his line of retreat. The three distinct battles fought on April 6, 1865, in the valley of Sayler's Creek form the last major engagement between the armies commanded by Lee and Grant, and led to the surrender at Appomatox Court House. -- National Historic Landmark statement of significance, February 4, 1985
This landmark is located in both Amelia and Prince Edward Counties, but is officially listed in the National Register of Historic Places with Amelia County as the primary county.
Posted to the National Register of Historic Places on February 4, 1985
Military; Politics/Government
A - Event
Battle site
Current functions
Museum; Park
Contributing sites: 1
Amelia County, Virginia (17)
Battle site (196)
Colonial (1,104)
Farmville, Virginia (7)
Virginia (3,570)
January 7, 2016: Updated by Michael Miller: Imported Photos
Michael Miller - michael_a_miller [at] yahoo [dot] com
This page's URL is http://landmarkhunter.com/185274-saylers-creek-battlefield/