If you're planning on preparing your home for Airbnb (or VRBO or any similar services), then you may be wondering just where you should start. How do you prepare for your guests? What will they expect? What changes will you need to make to the living space, and how much should it cost?
We've got answers. Welcome to our guide on just what steps you need to "Airbnb" your home for future rentals, and what you need to know about the requirements.
How much will it cost you to prepare and rent your Airbnb property? Before you start all the work, it's a good idea to measure the costs involved. Taxes are a good place to start: Generally speaking, you can rent out your home for 14 days a year without needing to report the income. If you plan on renting more frequently than that—a common goal for Airbnb hosts—then you will need to report any income generated and pay taxes on it.
Initial costs: These are the costs for all the new things you will need to buy to prepare your home. That could include a fire extinguisher, a fan, a smart doorbell, and other things that we'll cover later on. It's important to have enough cash on hand for these initial costs. Fortunately, you only need to buy these things once.
Service fees: Airbnb will charge a 3 percent service fee that's basically a payment processing charge. There are then two tiers of booking fees you will have to choose between. You can either pay $350 per year to use Airbnb as your rental service, or choose to pay 10 percent for each booking instead. The $350 option is best suited for those who expect frequent guests.
Supply and utility fees: These are ongoing fees for electricity, internet, toilet paper, complementary food options, and so on. You'll need to pay these as you go, but the costs are generally quite low, or things you would be paying for anyway.
Maintenance fees: These are all the extra costs involved in cleaning up after guests and generally preparing the rental between guests.
Insurance for Airbnb rentals isn't the easiest subject, but it is important, so get ready to do some research. First, the good news: For all hosts in the United States, Airbnb offers $1 million in liability insurance and $1 million in property damage insurance, free of charge. That's a weight off your mind.
Now, you should also call your home insurance agent or review your insurance papers and see what they have to say about renting. Home insurance and landlord insurance policies vary in how they cover renting and how renting is defined, so it's important to get some specifics. In some cases, you may need to upgrade to business insurance (the same sort that hotels use, for example), which will be more expensive then your home insurance policy. Don't worry, you can still use your home just as you normally would even if it's covered by a business policy.
Finally, you should check your local regulations to see if there are any additional requirements. More frequently, cities like San Francisco and Austin have been imposing their own restrictions on short-term rentals. You may need to register your dwelling, pay extra taxes, carry additional insurance, or other requirements before you can legally rent in your area.
As a host, you have the ability to create what Airbnb calls "House Rules" that guests will see on your listing when they decide to rent. It's a good idea to have a printed copy of the rules around as well, so that guests will be absolutely sure what they are.
Common topics for house rules pertain to smoking, eating, parties, off-limits areas, inviting additional guests over, and other subjects that may remind you of living with a roommate…which isn't a bad comparison to make. What sort of house rules do you want or need? What can you let guests know to make their stay easier (what to do with trash and laundry, for example)? Try not to be too negative in your house rules, but set some firm, simple boundaries.
Basic eating utensils and basic ingredients like sugar, salt, etc.
You get the idea. Think of what a hotel room has if you get stuck. In addition to these expected items, you may also want to add on some complementary perks that will help making the experience more enjoyable. A lot of these are based on just what sort of renters you are targeting. You may want to include breakfast or snack products, maps to local attractions, personal recommendations for restaurants, sunscreen, and so on. Keep in mind that people may have allergies, and that it's generally better to buy organic when possible.
A guest's experience (and the ratings they will give you) depend in great part on their sleeping experience at your home. Do what you can to make it amazing. The first step is, of course, providing a comfortable, sturdy mattress and clean sheets and pillows—with extra sheets and pillows readily available.
If the bedroom area gets a lot of light in the morning, consider installing thicker curtains or another "blackout" option so that guests can get the rest that they need. If your location is a little noisy, provide earplugs or a white noise machine to help out.
It's not often necessary to buy new furnishings when getting ready for Airbnb. The exception is if your old seating is truly ragged or uncomfortable, in which case you may want to look for replacements. If your living area is truly barren and there's not much seating at all, this is a good time to shop for stylish chairs, a futon, or similar furnishings. Look for furniture that includes hidden storage options that make it easier to store things or clean up.
Next, consider your floor. Do you need rugs or mats to help guests keep their shoes clean? Should you put non-slip mats in the bathroom in case it gets slick? There maybe some carpets or flooring you want to protect too, so covering them with a rug or carpet may be a smart decision.
Also think about stopping stains and preventing wear and tear. Make sure your furnishing have protectors on their feet in case they slide around, and get some nice slipcovers for your sofas or other seating if you want to protect them for as long as possible.
First, make sure there are no hazards in your home, such as exposed wires or other clear safety threats. Then consider the type of security you need for your guests. Do you need to lock away any particular personal valuables, or get a lock for a particular room/closet to restrict access? This is the time to do it.
You should also set up an access system for guests. That could mean copying keys for the entrance, or choosing a high tech option like a smart door lock that can hand out temporary passes for guests while they stay there.
Finally, make sure your smoke detectors are working and up to date. You may also want to include outdoor security cams for additional security, although this is a significant added expense.
You need to clean your house between guest visits, and ensure that it stays clean over time. You can either handle this yourself (which is pretty easy if you're living in the dwelling yourself as well), or you can hire a specialized cleaning service like Tidy to handle it for you.
With your house prepared and features decided, it's time to think about pricing. Your first step should be to compare your location and home with similar offerings on Airbnb to get an idea of pricing in your area. It's also a good idea to use a dynamic pricing service like BeyondPricing, which can show you how to adjust pricing over the year to make as much income as possible.
Now that things are ready, take a great gallery of high-resolution photos of your home. Photos sell an Airbnb place like nothing else, so it's important to give guests a great look at your home under the best lighting. With the photos, you will be ready to start your Airbnb account and begin filling out the information for your space. Remember that adding some seasonal decorations or food is a great way to make an Airbnb dwelling look even better.


A new Fact Sheet on nutrient trading in the Chesapeake Bay region covers issues such as potential costs and revenues, and how farmers and other stakeholders can benefit.
Note: This fact sheet has been updated as a working paper, available here.
Congress is considering proposals to revise and strengthen the Clean Water Act for the Chesapeake Bay region and improve the health of the region's streams, rivers, and wetlands. Senator Cardin's and Representative Cummings's proposed legislation, The Chesapeake Clean Water and Ecosystem Restoration Act of 2009, provides significant new resources and tools to help restore the Bay. Water quality trading for nutrients, or "nutrient trading", is one such tool. It could make it possible to achieve Bay restoration goals faster and at lower cost. It also could create an additional source of revenue for farmers.


Truth is, the festival's history of gender equality and sensitivity is anything but illustrious. To date, only one woman has ever been awarded the coveted Palme D'Or—Jane Campion for The Piano in 1993. In 2012 the festival came under fire for having no films by female directors among the 22 chosen to compete for the Palme d'Or—an echo of the situation in both 2010 and 2005. And let's not forget the hilariously inappropriate "Heelgate" controversy of 2015, when an unwritten policy required women to wear heels on the red carpet, banning flats altogether.
If you ask Festival Director Thierry Fremaux, it all comes down to numbers—or the lack thereof. There simply aren't that many female filmmakers around, he contends. To his point, the most recent Celluloid Ceiling study reports that women make up just 7% of directors working on the top 250 highest-grossing domestic films.
In contrast, other major film festivals offer a bit more hope for diversity. At this year's Sundance Film Festival, 34% of all films screened were directed by women. At the upcoming Los Angeles Film Festival this June, 42% of films across all competition categories are directed by women.
This year, only three of the 19 films in the running for the Cannes Palme D'Or are directed by women: Sofia Coppola for The Beguiled, Lynne Ramsay for You Were Never Really Here and Naomi Kawase for Radiance. While all three are familiar faces, doesn't the festival carry an obligation to search out the industry's on-the-verge filmmakers, those up-and-comers whose careers can explode into blazing, sparkly greatness with the slightest nod from Cannes officials?
So how does the infant grow up? It's going to take a significant change in mentality.
"If we don't talk about it, we could go backwards — we don't want to be complacent, we don't want it to be like, some of us got here, so we're going to give up on the rest of you," says writer and director Noel Wells in a Buzzfeed interview.
While short film is often a career launcher for male filmmakers, for female filmmakers, it simply isn't happening. There's a perception barrier, and there's a fiscal barrier. Moving forwards depends not only on the support of distributors and programmers, but also on the mentorship and sponsorship of the lucky few who have risen to the top. Sofia Coppola, et al, we're talking about you.
No matter how great a movie, it's hard for some to remove the gender lens. Begin by examining the work based on, well, the work and not the name behind it, chipping away at a stigma that has clung to the industry like a barnacle for years.
Small victories (like 12 women represented at Cannes) are exactly that—small. Nonetheless, they are lasting victories that challenge the status quo. Over the years we've seen the numbers – at the Cannes International Film Festival in particular – evolve and devolve. Perhaps it's complacency. Perhaps it's the "we-checked-that-box-last-year" mentality. But whatever it is, the numbers need to keep going in one direction—up.
Looking ahead, let's hope for and work towards more women showcased, celebrated and awarded in the future—whether they're wearing flats, sneakers, stilettos or Birkenstocks.
It's time to make some big changes for our planet. This Earth Day, April 22, more than 1 billion people in 196 countries will work together to address climate change and protect the earth for future generations.
The mission of Earth Day is to build a healthy and sustainable planet. Though Earth Day is celebrated globally on one specific day, it is much more than just a single day. It's about giving a voice to emerging consciousness and channeling human energy towards environmental issues.


text:
Memphis To Nashville '61
FTD Books and Flaming Star, in association with EPE, will release a new book – Memphis To Nashville '61 – in late June. This will give a comprehensive account of the two Memphis charity shows that Elvis performed at the Ellis Auditorium on a cold day in February 1961.
The book includes accounts of that day and the events leading up to it. It features accounts from Elvis' musicians, friends and fans, magazine- and newspaper articles from the time, and many rare and newly-discovered photographs. The collection of over 100 unpublished photographs, most of them in black and white, have been collected from many different sources; some are from original negatives whilst others are from original prints. Also included in the book is a section on Elvis' visit to Nashville on March 8, 1961, less than two weeks after the benefit shows of February 25, to receive an honorary colonelship from the Governor of Tennessee, Buford Ellington. Furthermore, the final part of the volume includes information and details relating to the recording sessions held on March 12th and 13th 1961 that provided most of the tracks for the classic LP, Something For Everybody.
As an added bonus, the book comes with a CD containing the mono version of Something For Everybody plus recordings of Elvis' press conference, held at the Hotel Claridge in Memphis on February 25, 1961, and of the presentation of honors at the Tennessee State Capitol just 11 days later.
Something For Everybody (mono version): There's Always Me / Give Me The Right / It's A Sin / Sentimental Me / Starting Today / Gently / I'm Comin' Home / In Your Arms / Put The Blame On Me / Judy / I Want You With Me / I Slipped, I Stumbled, I Fell. Bonus: Press Conference (March 25th 1961) Elvis Is Made An Honorary Colonel (March 8th 1961).
Source: Essential Elvis / Updated: Jun 2, 2014
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TheMemphisFan (profile/ contact) wrote on Jul 18, 2014report abuse
bennie, How can you say that the CD doesn't contribute to the package? The press conference of February 25th is the only known audio from this time (even if the sound quality isn't great)... plus, the March 8th recording from Nashville was also a nice touch.
There's nothing wrong with FTD including the CD, especially for those wanting the mono version of another 1960s Elvis album.
bennie (profile/ contact) wrote on Jul 17, 2014report abuse
It's a very nice book. very interesting contens. But FTD skip de CD. it doesn't contribute to the pakage and put 10 dollars of the price.
than, I think, you have a good concept.
Cruiser621 (profile/ contact) wrote on Jun 5, 2014report abuse
Not much on future Elvis recordings, outtakes or otherwise and we're now in a phase of put it out and see what sticks. I don't think so folks; a mono version of "Something For Everybody" along with a book? Oh wow, what a needed release; considering we already have the FTD completist CD, who really needs it? Not this time guys.
Gorse (profile/ contact) wrote on Jun 3, 2014report abuse
I am not a great fan of Elvis books other than discography although I fully understand why others do, but I continually dream and hope that one day someone will release 30 seconds of film from one of the 1961 charity concerts - that would be just sensational.
TheMemphisFan (profile/ contact) wrote on Jun 3, 2014report abuse
Might be interesting. I'll have to think about this one and wait for reviews after it is released.
JerryNodak (profile/ contact) wrote on Jun 2, 2014report abuse
No thanks. Not interested.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Sharing a list between processes raises the error: AttributeError: 'ForkAwareLocal' object has no attribute 'connection' when I try to use the list I'm trying to pass a list to a process which runs a function to compare colors. Then I want these colors returned to be in the list, so that I can use it in a function outside of the process. How can I do this?
All I have so far is a narrowed down problem, that I have then simplified for the example:
import multiprocessing

def test(c):
    c[0] = 1

class TestClass:
    def __init__(self):
        with multiprocessing.Manager() as manager:
            colorcodes = manager.list()
            p = multiprocessing.Process(target=test, args=(colorcodes,))
            p.start()
            p.join()
        print(colorcodes[0])

if __name__ == '__main__':
    TestClass()

Which returns:
Process Process-2:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\usr\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\multiprocessing\process.py", line 297, in _bootstrap
    self.run()
  File "C:\Users\usr\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\multiprocessing\process.py", line 99, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
  File "D:\Python Development\example_env\example.py", line 5, in test
    c[0] = 1
  File "<string>", line 2, in __setitem__
  File "C:\Users\usr\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\multiprocessing\managers.py", line 834, in _callmethod
    raise convert_to_error(kind, result)
IndexError: list assignment index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\usr\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\multiprocessing\managers.py", line 811, in _callmethod
    conn = self._tls.connection
AttributeError: 'ForkAwareLocal' object has no attribute 'connection'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "example.py", line 19, in <module>
    TestClass()
  File "example.py", line 15, in __init__
    print(colorcodes[0])
  File "<string>", line 2, in __getitem__
  File "C:\Users\usr\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\multiprocessing\managers.py", line 815, in _callmethod
    self._connect()
  File "C:\Users\usr\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\multiprocessing\managers.py", line 802, in _connect
    conn = self._Client(self._token.address, authkey=self._authkey)
  File "C:\Users\usr\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\multiprocessing\connection.py", line 490, in Client
    c = PipeClient(address)
  File "C:\Users\usr\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\multiprocessing\connection.py", line 691, in PipeClient
    _winapi.WaitNamedPipe(address, 1000)
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] The system cannot find the file specified

I am using Python version 3.7.6 on Windows 10 Home 64-bit v. 1909

A: *

*You are creating a list and trying to access an index out of range. In your function test you have to use append to add the item to index [0] of the list.

*You are trying to print a variable (colorcodes list) that is declared inside "with statement" but outside it
This modified code should work:
import multiprocessing

def test(c):
    c.append(1)

class TestClass:
    def __init__(self):
        with multiprocessing.Manager() as manager:
            colorcodes = manager.list()
            p = multiprocessing.Process(target=test, args=(colorcodes,))
            p.start()
            p.join()
            print(colorcodes[0])

if __name__ == '__main__':
    TestClass()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
May 23, 2020 Shusree MukherjeeLeave a Comment on Germany Braces for Protests Against Some Coronavirus Policies
Germany braces for protests against its COVID-19 policies
The aim of these protests
The world is currently ravaged by the Coronavirus pandemic and its associated economic fallouts. With global supply chains disrupted, countries are struggling to fulfill demands. Amid all this chaos, Germany braces for protests. This is ironic since Germany is one of the countries that has handled the pandemic well. Germany recently announced a relaxation in the restrictions imposed and started reopening schools. The world is taking cues from Germany as to how to balance the safety of people and restarting the economy. Things at home aren't peachy for Germany though since some people are protesting the German policies on Coronavirus.
In the last few weeks, Germany has relaxed its lockdown measures. The administration expected that people will use these relaxations responsibly. However, some people in Germany are thronging the streets to protest against the government for its COVID-19 policies. The foreign minister of Germany has cautioned people against joining such protests. The protestants are mainly anti-Semites, anti-vaxxers, conspiracy theorists, and radical extremists. Germany's domestic intelligence services have also warned that extremist groups are active in such protests. They are trying to exploit the fears surrounding the Coronavirus to obtain support.
Heiko Maas said that anti-Semites and extremists are trying to use legitimate fears to stoke hatred and divide. He added that people should stay away from such groups and maintain even more than a 1.5-meter distance from them. He chastised such groups for not adhering to safety norms like wearing masks and social distancing. Maas said that such people were replacing courage with anger and misguiding others.
See also 41 Leading World Political Leaders Tested Positive for COVID-19
If you try and listen to the reasons that the protestors give for such protests, it sounds a bit absurd. They accuse the German government of devising the Coronavirus crisis. Also, they say that it is just an excuse to impose sweeping restrictions as dictators do. They are naming and shaming the chancellor of Germany Angela Merkel for this. Her health minister Jens Spahn is also wrong in their eyes. The protestors are accusing all epidemiologists and virologists of advising the government of aiding and abetting in this manufactured crisis.
Bill Gates is an American billionaire who founded Microsoft. He is well known for his philanthropy and has started a fund to fight this Coronavirus crisis. The protestors look at him as a satanic figure. They accuse him of trying to establish world dominance by manufacturing a public health crisis.
A YouTuber who was a broadcast journalist, a famous R&B singer, and a vegan cook spearhead this movement. Some of the protestors align with a movement called lateral thinking or 'Querdenken'. Their symbol is a tin-foil pendant. An ENT specialist and a psychologist started a movement called resistance 2020 or 'Widerstand 2020'. This movement is also acquiring support. The protestors are claiming that staying locked up inside homes is a draconian measure. That too against a virus that has only killed 8000 people.
The Coronavirus pandemic is very real and the virus is here to stay. We all need to cooperate with our governments and follow safety norms to stop the spread. Protests against safety norms will only set us back in terms of the progress already made to fight COVID-19.
Tagged Germany braces for protests
Krispy Kreme Graduate Dozen Worked Well as a Marketing Trick
Shusree Mukherjee
Writing allows me to pour my heart out in words. So, that's what I've been doing for the past 6 years. I strive to bring in a change in the world by taking tiny steps of curating the right message that needs to be conveyed.
Drop in Number of COVID-19 Cases in Italy Over the Weekend
June 1, 2020 Shusree Mukherjee
Blake Shelton and Luke Bryan to Feature on Forbes' List of Highest-Paid
June 11, 2020 Shusree Mukherjee
Tom Kennedy Died: The 'Name That Tune' Host Passes Away at 93
October 21, 2020 Shusree Mukherjee


Truth be told, I was penciled in and looking forward to playing with a young two-time All Star catcher but was switched and finished up investing the day golfing with another player, one who might probably have much more career behind than in front of him. What a break for me.
Cheap baseball store is especially common online. That's particularly simply because bats, gloves and baseballs are so simple to ship. Throw in the shoes and you are nearly prepared to go. It also grew to become popular simply because numerous small groups and clubs required a way to get their equipment without paying an arm and a leg to the local sporting items shop. Numerous virtual shops were quick to solution the demand and provide fantastic equipment at a cost that just about anyone could afford.
The visual encounter of watching a game at Remy's is astonishing. Upon getting into Remy's, you are awed by the array of plasma televisions. Twenty sixty-inch higher-definition TVs are scattered throughout the restaurant. In addition, above the 34-seat bar are the "Monsters", two 132″ by 72″ 1080p screens. Not surprisingly with this ingenious set up centered by the two largest screens in the state, there is not a seat with a poor see. The sound for the leading sport will always be on. They know fans arrive to view and pay attention to the game and will by no means perform music over the game audio. All the sports activities deals are accessible and on Sunday every Television is labeled with the NFL sport that will be on.
Something that you ought to appear for is multiple models and makers of gloves, and how much 1 is heading to cost you. Find out what glove will give you the most advantage for your money. Come up with a couple of tends to make and designs that you like then go to your nearby baseball equipment stores store and attempt on a couple of. Making certain they really feel and match right is of the up most significance. Here are some issues you ought to look for when you are in the market for a new glove. Once you have discovered a glove do not buy it at your nearby store. You are sure to find a much much better offer at an online store.
In the end, I elected to purchase the catchers equipment individually. I bought two upper body protectors, both sized differently and by various manufacturers. I have a buddy who owns a shoe shop and I could inform already he would be enlisted to add some padding under the rib perimeter area of one. The mask I purchased experienced a throat protector and a broad body with an open up wire grid. I made certain the ears would be protected with the new styled wrap now available.
Now, at this stage you have a few optional. You can produce this easy shelving out of entire baseball equipment or you can have them reduce in half vertically If you want ot cut them in fifty percent vertically you will require to use a power noticed to do this. You could also spend a carpenter to reduce it in fifty percent fro very small money.
Take care of her vehicle if you use it. this is her friend, just like a guy's canine. this is her transportation, whether she's just heading to the shop, or heading out with the women. She doesn't want to see that Hardee's bag on the floor, (and what man would depart proof that he went out to eat)?
The initial factor you need to do is to find out the laws that cover the dimension, excess weight and supplies of your bat. You may have to consult your coach or league officers if you do not know yet. Subsequent, you will have determined whether you are a hefty or a fast hitter. The fastest way to do this is to grab a selection of bats with varying weights and give them a couple of swings. You ought to be searching for the heaviest bat that you can swing without sensation any pain or limitations on your actions. Lastly, you will have to choose a bat that has your league/sanctioning physique's stamp. Numerous sanctioned tournaments do not permit the use of bats that do not have their stamp.
There are numerous other accidents related with baseball. Like any other game, baseball also demands a great deal of practice before you can excel at it. And this practice indicates a lot of accidents rushing in. To avoid this, you require to have a experienced mentor who can guide you on the total time that you have to spend on practice, and also the proper posture.


* Does not apply to fluid and filter changes. See your owner's manual for details.
* Five-speed manual transmission with Real Time 4WD available June 2003.
* Based on 2003 EPA mileage estimates. Use for comparison purposes only. Actual mileage may vary.
* FXC™ is a trademark of Milliken & Company.


text:
Dreaming Our Children's Life Forward: The Archetypal Development of Siddhartha's Early Life
Leave a Comment	/ Analytical Psychology, Carl Jung, Child Psychology, Childhood Development, developmental psychology, Jungian Psychology, Psychology / By Dr. Thomas Maples
Childhood consists of a time when the paradoxical pull between a parent's dreams for their child and the innate destiny a child will pursue spurs the process of development forward. I feel a joy in my heart as I watch my two son's grow into their own being. When they laugh, my heart grows wider with emotions that I had never felt before I had the experience of becoming a father. Their smile brings a smile to my face. Their pains and sorrows strike me at the deepest level of my soul. However, I would be mistaken if I did not admit that I have specific dreams for my children.
A mother also keeps an innate connection with her child; the dynamics that exist between a mother and a son are evident in the provocative language Hesse (2002) used to explain the relationship that existed between Siddhartha and his mother.
Bliss leaped in his mother's bosom as she watched him—watched him walking, watched him sitting and standing—Siddhartha, the strong, the beautiful, moving with his lithe-limbed walk, greeting her with perfect grace. (Hesse, 2002, p. 4)
Siddhartha's mother engaged her son with passion and unconditional love. However, Siddhartha did not reciprocate his mother's love; he only knew that the love both parents had for him would not be enough to fill his awaiting psyche. While this indicates the oedipal dynamics, social pressures also play an important role in the maturation of the individual.
Love stirred in the hearts of the young daughters of the brahmins when Siddhartha passed through the city streets, with his radiant brow, with his imperial glance, with his slender hips. (Hesse, 2002, p. 4)
A mother dreams her child's life forward, just as she once dreamed her child into existence. Individuation begins, and unfolds with a dream.
As a toddler matures and enters their early school years, a transition occurs. A child begins to interact with other people in a way that promotes gender identity and the ability to act in an ever-increasing social manner. Through the development of social relationships, the child begins the process of exiting the parental house and the established rules of the family in order to learn the social expectations society imposes on all individuals. While learning a cultural industry occurs at a later stage of development, the developmental milestone of social interaction begins during the stage of infancy and lasts throughout lifespan.
The ability to initiate relationships with other individuals represents a major developmental milestone. Relationship building begins with early object attachments and lasts throughout the lifecycle. While Siddhartha sought to relate only with himself, his friend Govinda provided the initial antagonistic quandaries that drove the early plot of Hesse's (2002) story.
But his friend… loved him more than any other. He loved Siddhartha's gaze and his sweet voice, he loved his way of walking and the complete grace of his movements; he loved everything Siddhartha did and said, but most of all, he loved his mind – his elevated, fiery thoughts, his burning will, his lofty inspiration. Govinda knew Siddhartha would never become an ordinary brahmin, a purveyor of rituals, a greedy dealer in charms, a vain mouther of empty phrases, a base and devious pries, nor would he become a mindless good sheep in the common herd. Certainly he would not; and Govinda, too, would not become a brahmin like ten thousand others. His desire was to follow Siddhartha, the beloved, the magnificent. And if Siddhartha ever became a god, if he ever entered the light, then Govinda would follow him – as his friend, as his companion, as his servant, his spear bearer, his shadow. (Hesse, 2002, pp. 4-5)
Govinda was Siddhartha's shadow, a person that was antagonistic to the protagonist's independence. Govinda loved Siddhartha, primarily because the antagonist did not love himself. Siddhartha's need to transcend consciousness and take part in the divine denied him the ability to fully take part in his early developmental sequence. Jungian typology (Jung, 1971) suggests that two personality types (introversion and extraversion), and four personality functions (thinking, feeling, sensation, and intuition) make up the psyche of any given individual. Govinda was attracted to the outer appearance Siddhartha portrayed to other individuals. Govinda, extroverted in psychic predisposition, believed Siddhartha was destined to achieve great things in life. Siddhartha differed from Govinda; Siddhartha controlled his own destiny through thoughts and intuition. Govinda represented the inferior function that provided the symbolic mirror from which the protagonist began his life quest to understand his true nature.
In the above passage, Hesse informed the reader of the intense passions that arise between friends during the early developmental stages. Govinda realized Siddhartha was destined to do great things, and was determined to follow him along his journey. In this passage, Govinda represented the mirror by which Siddhartha realized the journey he must undertake. Govinda was Siddhartha's shadow, the inferior side of his personality that drove him to begin his journey towards Self.
Reveries of Symbolism and Archetypal Childhood Development
As a child, I have specific memories of practicing adult roles with my friends. It was normal in preschool to play with other boys and girls. During this time, it did not matter with whom I associated. I also remember that my friends and I practiced at domestic roles during this age. As I look back on the playtime events of my childhood, I now believe that these experiences constituted my first attempt to make friendships outside of my familial situation. While it is obvious that a child is not ready to assume the full responsibilities of an adult during their early formative years, children do emulate the roles of adults through their playtime activities. Emulation of adult roles assures that the developmental sequence will circle back upon itself as a child grows into a reproductive adult. Children practice to become adults from their earliest formative years. As I look back, I continue to have fond memories of the innocence I had during childhood, playing those beginning games of adult life. I also look forward to being a mirror by which my son's can learn to relate with a woman of their own choice through the relationship I have with my wife.
As a child, I remember how slow time appeared to move. In a way, the innocent form of consciousness associated with childhood proves that time is relative to the means by which it is evaluated. My parents decided everything for me. My emerging psyche was sheltered from the true nature of the world that surrounded it. I remember having friendships, which I believed would last forever. I would then dismiss these friendships as soon as I did not get my way. Although I remember intense feelings of love and hate, I was unable to differentiate between the two feelings; I had to learn how to redirect these feelings into appropriate behaviors. I remember that these intense feelings and narcissistic rages lasted until nearly the third grade, as I became acclimated to the social expectations of the grade school classroom.
Primary narcissism wanes as the psyche becomes primed to accept social rules. By accepting the words and rules of others, my psyche became primed to adapt to the social world. At this time, I no longer wished to be a child; I yearned for adult life so that I could make decisions for myself.
As early childhood evolves into middle childhood, the world presents the emerging psyche with a seemingly endless array of environmental opportunities to explore. This is most evident in the almost daring behaviors children undertake when they explore their environment without inhibition.
The psychological world of a child represents a period of reverie for the adult whom has left their youth behind to pursue matters of adult life. The adult world differs from that of the child. Because of this difference, the paradox that exists between the world of an adult and the world of a child provides the means by which society passes on values and customs to children. As a child, I remember longing to grow up so that I could receive more freedoms. I believed that work would allow me to buy more video games and toys. While some children may long to become adults, they continue to remain a child until life experience takes away the magical thought processes associated with childhood from their developing psyche. During this period of my life, I can remember that dreams were ample in my awaiting psyche and flowed from an active imagination that was unrestrained by adult responsibility.
Through dreaming a path will open. Through planning, the goal will become clear. Through hard work, the dream will come true.
Hesse (2002) claimed that Siddhartha began to feel "that his father's love and his mother's love would not bring him enduring happiness, would not bring him contentment and satisfaction, would not be sufficient to his needs" (p. 5). When the love of parents no longer suits the growing needs of a child, that child must begin to take part in a process of forming relationships with other individuals. Children must find activities that satisfy their emotional needs. While parents should provide emotional support for their child, consciousness assures that a child will become increasingly independent from their parents because of the influence outside social factors have on the development of a child's psyche. Social institutions such as schools, political institutions, and the church place pressure on parents to indoctrinate their children into socially acceptable behaviors that foster moral character. This stage occurs after the resolution of the oedipal conflict; a time when the ego becomes more prominent and the superego begins to form within the psyche.
Hesse, H. (2002). Siddhartha: A new translation with an introduction by Paul W. Morris. (C. S. Kohn, Trans.) Boston, MA: Shambhala.
Jung, C. G. (1971). Psychological types. In H. Read, M. Fordham, G. Adler, & W. McGuire (Eds.), The collected works of C. G. Jung (R. F. Hull, Trans., Vols. 6). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
The Holy Family Triune -The Father, Mother, and Child: Archetypal Development during Early Childhood
In "Analytical Psychology"
Alchemical Hermeneutics & The Lifelong Journey to Realize Self
In "Hermeneutics"
A Developmental Theory of Jungian Psychology


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Buying a car is stressful. No one here will ever say it isn't. You've got a lot to think about. What kind of car do you want? What is the right price range? What if the dealer tries to still me? It can be a lot. One thing you can do to help simplify the whole process is to (if the title didn't give this away already) get your auto loan pre-approved before you head into the dealer. What is auto loan pre-approval? Well, that is pretty straight forward.
Auto loan pre-approval is when you apply with a bank or credit union for an auto loan and get pre-approved for your eventual loan. This allows you to walk into a dealership with a pre-approved loan. Why is this important? Why should you do it? Why not just get it all done at the dealer? Well, we shall answer all of these questions and a few others you might be asking in your head!
So, you are ready to buy a car and those questions above are roaming around in your head. Stopping off at a bank or a credit union feels like an unnecessary step when you could bundle the whole experience at the dealer. Well, that may not be the case. It's actually to your benefit to get pre-approval beforehand.
So, I've mentioned a few times that you might think it is a better idea to one-stop-shop this whole car buying experience with the dealer. Well, it is simply not true, consummate consumer. Dealers just use bundling the transaction to give them more wiggle with the terms to get you paying more than you ever wanted to. It works like this: They offer you a high trade-in value for your current car and you think you've scored a great deal, but then they tack some terms onto your loan that you don't fully understand and they make that money up. They can offer you a low price for the car you want to buy but simultaneously give you a low offer for your trade-in. The "bundle" of a trade-in, car price negotiation, and auto loan terms provide plenty of room to hide things you don't actually want. When you are reviewing your contract, you will be so done with the whole experience and might just sign anything halfway through. Save yourself the hassle and unbundle that bad boy. It'll keep things clearer for you in the long run.
So, if unbundling the transaction isn't enough to convince you, perhaps better loan terms will be. How is this possible? Well, dealers are, more often than not, not the best places when it comes to auto loan terms. Why? Well, dealerships often have markups on their loans. How this all works: Dealerships have a relationship with their preferred loan lenders. They bring you (the customer) to the lenders. How do they make money off of this? Well, markups, that's how. They will mark up (get it?) the interest rate so they can make money off of the loan as well. Most lenders have limits that dealers can mark up (2.5%) but others don't. If you want the best interest rate and terms, you should probably look elsewhere.
This might seem really silly to say but it is true: If you come in, pre-approval in hand, a dealer will take you more seriously. It makes it look like you did your research and homework. You read articles like this, you looked at loan options and comparison sites, you know what price range you want to be in – it speaks volumes. The good news is you're already on the right track. You are currently reading this article! Research is super important and your road to auto loan pre-approval will be littered with good information to gather. Even if you don't do a ton of research, the dealer will think you did. Fake it 'til you make it, as they say.
When you get the loan approved, it is for a specific amount. So, the other good thing about auto loan pre-approval is it keeps you on track while shopping. This means you can't go shopping above your price range. This is great news for car shoppers on a budget because dealerships love trying to get buyers with open minds and no research into fantastic cars that are well out their price range. They can do this by offering long loan terms so the monthly payments look small and approachable, but you still end up paying thousands more than you expected – never mind the thousands more of interest on that long, long loan! Getting pre-approval will force you to mentally do the heavy lifting regarding the kinds of cars you want before ever stepping into a dealership. You'll need to do that research thing we were talking about before and find out what you want and what you can afford. Knowing what your max is will keep you and the dealer in line. You can't go falling in love with a car if you never sit in it because it is above your loan max!
So, another potential upshot to getting auto loan pre-approval is the dealer beating the loan terms you've already been offered. This can happen for multiple reasons. They might have a quota to meet for their lender and by sparing their markup, they'll get the sale. Whatever their reason, a dealership beating a bank or credit union's pre-approval will only ever benefit you.
What Are You Waiting For? Go Get that Pre-Approval!
Hopefully, this article has done enough to convince you that going out there into the car buying world with auto loan pre-approval is a good idea… because it really is. It's almost a no-lose situation. Even if the dealer doesn't beat the pre-approval, you are still getting a better deal. If you would like to start this process, why not use NerdWallet's car loan calculator to figure out what you need to be looking at for your budget? If you have that figured out, use Bankrate's auto loan comparisons to find a lender. Go on! Get out there and good luck with your car buying!