(HAYS) — A mental health center in Liberal is just one place in western Kansas feeling an extreme shortage of social workers, said Tim Davis, chair of the Department of Social Work at Fort Hays State University.
"I was talking to the executive director of the mental health center there, and the average time to fill a therapist's position is a year and a half," Davis said.
FHSU wants to ease the shortage in western Kansas by expanding its social work program, but ramping up might take longer than planned.
Some money for the expansion would have come from a small slice of a bigger funding request by the Board of Regents, but it was shot down in February by state lawmakers. The Regents were asking lawmakers to increase state funding to higher education by $50 million.
Had it been approved, Fort Hays would have gotten about $2.5 million, said Michael Barnett, vice president of administration and finance at FHSU.
Freshman legislator Rep. Barb Wasinger, a Republican who represents the 111th District, which includes Fort Hays, was one of the legislators who early on voted against the funding as a member of the House Higher Education Budget Committee.
The committee instead passed a package offering only $19.4 million in added money. Fort Hays will get a small slice if that's approved by the Legislature.
Wasinger in committee voted against the funding, but said in an email response to The Hays Daily News that "I am a strong supporter of Fort Hays State University."
"All departments have asked for increased spending and budgets while it is clear revenues will not keep pace," Wasinger explained in her email. "Tough decisions like these have been made and unfortunately, not everything can be funded."
FHSU's Barnett acknowledged he hadn't been optimistic about getting the $50 million, due to the state's ongoing budget crunch.
"You sometimes have to ask, because the worst they can say is 'no,'" he said. "There's no harm in asking."
The House and Senate are now negotiating the final increase, whether it will be $19.4 million or less.
The lawmakers are also poised to restore some of the $30 million in funding cut in 2017 by Gov. Sam Brownback.
In 2019, Fort Hays got $637,000 restored, said FHSU's Barnett. The restored amount for 2020 is still being debated, but FHSU is proposing $379,000.
"So there are things that we forego in a given year as a result of a reduction in the state general fund," said Barnett. With more money, he said, the university can provide better services and take better care of facilities.
Rep. Ken Rahjes, Republican representing the 110th District, which includes part of Ellis County, chairs the House Higher Education Budget Committee.
While Wasinger voted against the funding increase, others on the committee passed it, recommending the Regents get Gov. Laura Kelly's recommended $8.9 million increase, plus another $10.5 million on top of that.
"The biggest goal was to make the institutions whole from the 2017 cuts," Rahjes said. "We have a lot of needs and we're trying to make wise decisions. There's a limited pool of money."
As chair of the committee, Rahjes defended the $19.4 million in increased Regents' funding to the House Appropriations Committee. The House is now negotiating with the Senate on a final figure to include in the state budget.
"I have fought hard and made my case that higher education is something that should be invested in," Rahjes said. "I voted for it in the full House Appropriations committee; I defended our committee's position and to put it in the overall budget."
Wasinger said Fort Hays deserves its funding.
"If I was the sole decision maker of higher education funding, I would fund FHSU at a higher rate compared to other universities due to their prudent use of state tax dollars, wise business decisions and the fact that it has the lowest tuition rate in the state," Wasinger said in her email to The Hays Daily News. "The committee as a whole decided to treat all universities as one group and that couldn't be done."
Fort Hays withstood Brownback's cuts thanks to growing credit-hour production from enrollment growth, Barnett said.
"That growth we had took care of the cut from the state," he said. FHSU's share of the 2020 increase could range from $225,000 to $450,000. The 2020 fiscal year for Fort Hays begins July 1.
Whatever the final amount, the money will help expand the Social Work program, Barnett said.
Social workers in Kansas work everywhere from hospitals and nursing homes to schools, addiction rehab centers and the court system, said Davis.
"They are pretty much wherever you find people helping people," he said.
Only about 11 percent of the state's social workers live in the western part of the state. Statewide, there are 1,750 licensed social workers who have the four-year bachelor's of social work degree. Only 194 of those are in western Kansas, Davis said. Only 72 in western Kansas are licensed addiction counselors.
The numbers are even worse when looking at the number of social workers with a master's degree, a requirement for clinical social workers.
"They are the largest provider of mental health services in the nation," Davis said. Only 4 percent of the state's clinical social workers are in western Kansas, with an extreme shortage in the southwestern part of the state.
The Fort Hays Bachelor of Social Work program is a four-year degree that started in 1993. There are 140 students enrolled as majors this year.
Besides classes on the FHSU campus, Fort Hays offers the degree through partnerships with community colleges in Garden City, Dodge City and Liberal.
The Ford County program will graduate 13 social workers in May.
"That will double the number of social workers there," Davis said. "They attend classes in their community, without ever having to leave, so they are more likely then to stay and serve the area."
Fort Hays is launching new social work programs in Colby, Norton and Concordia. About $95,000 in funding for the expansion comes from The Dane G. Hansen Foundation, Logan.
FHSU hopes to launch in Fall 2020 a Master's in Social Work with a specialization in clinical social work, also at the community partnership sites. Currently in Kansas the MSW is offered only at the University of Kansas, Wichita State University and Washburn University, Davis said.
"Ours will be cheaper than the other options in the state," he said. Depending on whether a student qualifies for the one-year or the two-year MSW, the cost will range from $10,900 to $18,400 at Fort Hays, compared to $18,300 to $31,200 at KU, Davis said.
More money from the state would help fund scholarships, Davis said.
"It would help us attract people to the program," Davis said. "With the MSW there aren't grant opportunities like there are for the BSW.... Pulling $11,000 out of the air is difficult. But half that could make it do-able for a person."


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Massachusetts › Byfield › Triton School District › Triton Regional Middle School
Triton Regional Middle School
112 Elm Street, Byfield, MA 01922
Last updated: Aug 04, 2022
Students at this school are making average academic progress given where they were last year, compared to similar students in the state.
Average progress with high test scores means students have strong academic skills and students in this school are learning at the same rate as similar students in other schools.
Test scores at this school are above the state average. Because test scores in some states are so low, some students at this school may still not be performing at grade level
Even high-performing schools can have disparities between student groups. To understand how well this school serves all its students, review the information below in the Equity section. Understand what on-track learning looks like for your child and how you can help at home.
In this section, we publish a rating that reflects how well this school is serving disadvantaged students, compared to other schools in the state, based on college readiness, learning progress, and test score data provided from the state's Department of Education.
The state does not provide enough information for us to calculate an Equity Rating for this school.
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112 Elm Street Byfield, MA 01922
School leader: Mr Alan MacRae

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Са̀вока (; , Саука) е село и община в Южна Италия, провинция Месина, автономен регион и остров Сицилия. Разположено е на 330 m надморска височина. Населението на общината е 1821 души (към 2011 г.).

Източници

Външни препратки
 Уебсайт на общината

Месина (провинция)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Čempion mira (Чемпион мира) è un film del 1954 diretto da Vladimir Ivanovič Gončukov.

Trama

Note

Collegamenti esterni


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You can see how Adan families moved over time by selecting different census years. The Adan family name was found in the USA, the UK, Canada, and Scotland between 1840 and 1920. The most Adan families were found in Canada in 1911. In 1911 there were 58 Adan families living in Ontario. This was about 41% of all the recorded Adan's in Canada. Ontario had the highest population of Adan families in 1911.
In 1881, a less common occupation for the Adan family was House Proprietrix. The most common Adan occupation in the UK was Boot-Closer. 13% of Adan's were Boot-Closers. Boot-Closer, Granite Quarry Worker and Granite Stone Dresser were the top 3 reported jobs worked by Adan.
There are 642 immigration records available for the last name Adan. Passenger lists are your ticket to knowing when your ancestors arrived in Canada, and how they made the journey - from the ship name to ports of arrival and departure.


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JOURNAL OF MICROBES & THEIR VECTORS CAUSING HUMAN INFECTIONS • IMPACT FACTOR: 2.605
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HomeContentAccepted Issues105(5) August 2010
MEM INST OSWALDO CRUZ, RIO DE JANEIRO, 105(5) August 2010
PAGES: 692-697 DOI: S0074-02762010000500016 Full paper
HIV/AIDS-associated visceral leishmaniasis in patients from an endemic area in Central-west Brazil
Priscilla Alexandrino-de-OliveiraI, II; Joanna Reis Santos-OliveiraI; Maria Elizabeth Cavalheiros DorvalIII; Francisco das Chagas Brandão Da-CostaIV; Gracy Regina Oliveira Leite PereiraII; Rivaldo Venâncio da CunhaV; Anamaria Mello Miranda PaniagoV; Alda Maria Da-CruzI, +
ILaboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
IIHospital Universitário
IIIDepartamento de Patologia 5Departamento de Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
IVCentro de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Prefeitura Municipal de Campo Grande, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
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An increase in morbidity associated with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS patients has been described in Africa and the Mediterranean. Despite the high endemicity of VL and HIV-1/AIDS in Brazil, this association has not been thoroughly investigated. Our aim was to evaluate the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of VL-HIV-1/AIDS cases from Central-west [Mato Grosso do Sul (MS)] Brazil. Medical records of 23 VL-HIV-1/AIDS patients were reviewed. Patients were predominantly adult males (87%) and 34.8% of the patients were intravenous drug users (IVDU). Leishmaniasis was the first opportunistic infection in 60% of the HIV-1 patients. Fever occurred in all patients, although splenomegaly and hepatomegaly were absent in 21.7% of the cases. CD4+ T-cell counts were below 200 cells/mm3 in 80% of the cases and the counts did not increase after clinical remission despite antiretroviral therapy. The first drug chosen to treat the cases was antimonial, but the therapeutic regimen was altered to amphotericin B in 12 of 17 cases due to side effects. Relapses were reported in 56.5% of the patients. IVDU may constitute an important risk factor for the transmission of both diseases in MS. VL-HIV-1/AIDS patients in MS share similar clinical characteristics as those from other endemic regions worldwide. Thus, these findings are critical for improving the surveillance of VL-HIV/AIDS patients.
opportunistic infection
intravenous drug users
New immunopathological aspects of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar, associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have been reported, particularly for patients in Europe and Africa where the disease has emerged as an important opportunistic infection (Alvar et al. 1997, 2008, Cruz et al. 2006, ter Horst et al. 2008). The diagnosis of leishmaniasis, especially in co-infected individuals, continues to challenge physicians because VL shares similarities with other diseases included in the AIDS surveillance case definition, such as histoplasmosis, disseminated coccidioidomycosis or extrapulmonary tuberculosis (MS 2004a).
The cellular immune response is considered the main mechanism of defence against Leishmania sp. infection. Depending on the immunological status of the host, infection evolves either to spontaneous regression or to a progressive disease (Olivier et al. 2003). Although VL is not considered an illness-defining case, HIV/AIDS patients are at high risk for this co-infection (Alvar et al. 1997, 2008). Compared to those who received no antiretroviral therapy, patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) had a 59% reduction of risk for developing the disease (del Giudice et al. 2002). However, HAART did not prevent relapses in the HIV/AIDS patients who developed VL (Laguna 2003).
In Brazil, the most important Leishmania species causing VL is Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi. The endemicity of VL in many Brazilian regions is high, but few reports have addressed the clinical features of HIV/AIDS-associated VL (Borges et al. 1999, Orsini et al. 2002, Rabello et al. 2003, Daher et al. 2009). Although the HIV/AIDS National Surveillance Program has been considered a success, HIV is still spreading in Brazil and reaching small cities; also, an urbanization of human leishmaniasis has been observed, resulting in an overlap of these two diseases (Rabello et al. 2003).
Much of the knowledge about HIV/AIDS-associated VL comes mainly from European studies (Cacopardo et al. 1996, del Giudice et al. 2002, Pasquau et al. 2005, Marques et al. 2007). Brazil, however, is a country that exhibits particular epidemiological features related to Leishmania species, to vectors involved in infection transmission and to at-risk populations, which can influence clinical course and therapeutic response. In this scenario, defining the clinical outcome of VL-HIV/AIDS in different regions of Brazil is of critical importance.
In the last decade, Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), in Central-west Brazil, has emerged as an important endemic area for VL because of the increasing number and severity of reported cases (Oliveira et al. 2006) of this disease. Moreover, there is a high prevalence of AIDS in MS. In the present study, the aim was to evaluate a series of VL-HIV/AIDS cases from this region and to describe their epidemiological and clinical characteristics.
PATIENTS, MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients - We reviewed the medical records of 30 HIV-1/AIDS patients who were clinically suspected of having VL between January 2000-December 2006. The inclusion criteria included the detection of Leishmania parasites in HIV-1 patients with clinical suspicion of VL. Twenty-three of the 30 reviewed cases fulfilled these criteria and were included in this descriptive study. The following data were obtained by reviewing the clinical charts of these patients: demographic information (sex, age and geographical origin), category of HIV exposure, year of VL and HIV-1/AIDS diagnoses, clinical signs and symptoms, methods of parasitological diagnosis, laboratory tests, leishmaniasis treatment, antiretroviral therapy, T-cell counts, HIV plasma viral load and clinical outcome.
Diagnosis criteria, clinical outcome and anti-leishmanial therapy - According to the Brazilian Ministry of Health, HIV/AIDS patients were those with both a positive enzyme immunoassay and western blot assay for HIV and CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts under 350 cells/mm3 (MS 2004b). VL diagnosis was determined by detecting parasites in the bone marrow (promastigote forms of Leishmania in Novy-MacNeal-Nicolle culture medium or amastigotes visualized in Giemsa-stained smears of cells obtained from a bone marrow aspirate). Fever was defined as an axillary temperature greater than 37.8ºC. Leucopenia was defined as a leukocyte count of less than 3.000 mm3. Anaemia was defined as haemoglobin concentration of less than 10 g/dL. Thrombocytopenia was defined as platelet counts of less than 120.000 mm3. Albumin/globulin ratio was considered inverted when it was less than one.
Absolute counts of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes were determined using BD Tritest® monoclonal antibodies specific for CD4, CD8 and CD3, conjugated to FITC, PE and PerCP, respectively, and a BDTrue Count® reagent kit (BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA), according to the manufacturer's instructions. Samples were acquired using a FACSCalibur® (BD, USA) and analyzed by Multiset® software (BD, USA). HIV RNA copies in the plasma (viral load) were quantified by the nucleic acid sequence-based amplification technique (NASBA® Organon Teknica, Boxtel, Holland) and the lower limit of detection was 400 copies/mL.
Evidence for a favorable response to therapy (clinical remission) was considered when the patient was afebrile and when physical signs as well as laboratory abnormalities either subsided or significantly improved after a complete course of treatment. Therapeutic failure was considered when the patient had a persistence of clinical symptoms, laboratory records that remained unchanged and death due to leishmaniasis or related complications. Relapse of VL was defined as a new episode after successful treatment, which was confirmed microbiologically by the detection of Leishmania amastigotes in the bone marrow, irrespective of time of anti-leishmanial treatment discontinuation.
Ethics - The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul (register 897). Informed consent was obtained from all patients.
The 23 participants in this study lived in MS and had not recently travelled outside the state. The majority of patients came from urban areas (17 cases from the MS capital, Campo Grande, and 2 cases from Corumbá). The median age was 37 years (range 21-56 years); 20 patients (87%) were male and eight (34.8%) had intravenous drug use as their HIV transmission category. In 10 cases (43%), VL and HIV were diagnosed at the same time. Five cases had a VL diagnosis between 1-5 years after HIV diagnosis, while eight presented with VL five or more years after HIV diagnosis. Viscerotropic Leishmania was the first opportunistic infection in 14 cases (60.1%). Fever occurred in all the patients, while splenomegaly and hepatomegaly were absent in 21.7% of the cases. Only 39.1% lost over 10 kg of body weight. In the 23 cases from which parasites were isolated by culture, 20 (87%) had amastigotes directly visualized in the cells of the bone marrow smears (Table I). Different degrees of anaemia, leucopoenia, thrombocytopenia and abnormal serum levels of albumin and globulin were also noted (Table I).
The CD4+ T-cell counts were very low (median 44.5 cells/mm3, range 5-460 cells/mm3, n = 20) and most patients (80%) were in an advanced immunosuppressive state (less than 200 cells/mm3). Only eight (34.8%) out of 23 patients were receiving HAART (2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and 1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors or 1 protease inhibitor) at the time of VL diagnosis. Despite HAART, plasma HIV viral load was high, over log three copies/mL in 87.5% of the patients, whereas only one out of eight cases presented with a suppressed plasma HIV viral load during the VL episode (Table I).
Meglumine antimonial (20 mg/kg/day for 30 days) was the first-choice drug for 17 patients and 12 of them had the therapeutic regimen altered to amphotericin B. Side effects led to a change in the therapeutic regimen in these 12 patients, especially those who had amylase levels higher than 123 UI/mL (7 cases). Four cases were treated only with amphothericin B (0.7-1 mg/kg accumulated dose during 28 days). Two patients did not receive anti-leishmanial treatment. One or two relapses were found for 13 out of 23 patients. However, 10 patients (43.5%) did not relapse up to one year after discontinuing anti-leishmanial therapy. Two patients died: one due to leishmaniasis a few hours after diagnosis and the other one due to an unrelated cause.
Six patients were evaluated two different times (active disease and clinical remission) (Table II). VL and HIV were diagnosed at the same time in three out of six patients and, because of this, only three were on HAART at the moment of CD4+ T-cell count and HIV viral load evaluation. However, in the clinical remission phase of VL, all of these patients had already finished the anti-Leishmania therapy and were receiving HAART. Despite the antiretroviral therapy, no significant increase in CD4+ T-cells was found during clinical remission and the CD4+ T-cell count remained under 200 cells/mm3 (Figure) and at the same level as during active VL disease. The viral load levels for all these patients decreased significantly, but two of them still presented high HIV RNA copies (log 5). We also observed one relapse episode in four out of six patients and one patient experienced two episodes. Two co-infected patients presented with herpes zoster concomitant to anti-leishmanial therapy.
The development of the HIV/AIDS pandemic has modified the spectrum of leishmaniasis in the last 20 years in both clinical and epidemiological fields (Cruz et al. 2006, Alvar et al. 2008). The reported prevalence of HIV/AIDS-associated leishmaniasis has increased in Brazil (Rabello et al. 2003). The epidemiological characteristics of Leishmania and HIV co-infection can differ from one endemic region to another due to parasite strain, vector behavior or socio-environmental conditions of the exposed hosts. Here we described the main clinical and laboratorial features of parasitological confirmed cases of VL associated HIV/AIDS patients from endemic areas of L. infantum chagasi located in the Central-west region of Brazil.
The high incidence of VL in adult males may reflect the HIV infection patterns in Brazil (Rabello et al. 2003) and is similar to that found in patients from the Mediterranean basin (Cruz et al. 2006, Alvar et al. 2008). Additionally, some experimental models suggest that females might be less inclined to develop clinical symptoms of VL (Evans et al. 1992). The prevalence of intravenous drug users (IVDU) (34.8%) among the patients studied here was higher than that reported for other Brazilian endemic regions (Rabello et al. 2003). In Europe, it is known that people sharing needles are the main risk group for co-infection (Desjeux & Alvar 2003), yet IVDU accounts for only 6% of the HIV patients in MS. The increased occurrence of IVDU led to the idea that the anthroponotic cycle (Cruz et al. 2006) could play a relevant role in the transmission of both infections in this region. Investigating this causal relationship has great importance for defining prevention strategies, taking into consideration the transmission patterns in a Brazilian endemic area.
VL was the first opportunistic infection in 60.1% of the HIV/AIDS cases evaluated in the present study; in 43% of the cases, both diseases were diagnosed concomitantly. However, a relevant number of patients (8 cases) presented VL only years after HIV diagnosis, which can reflect the relatively recent introduction of VL in MS (Oliveira et al. 2006, Brustoloni et al. 2007). Patients had low levels of CD4+ T-cells and most of them maintained detectable plasmatic HIV viral load even under HAART. These findings suggested that both infections would contribute to impair the effector immune function and consequently the ability to suppress the viral load. Overall, these data reinforced the idea that HIV/AIDS can be a predisposing condition for VL (Cacopardo et al. 1996, Wolday et al. 1999, Barreto-de-Souza et al. 2006, Alvar et al. 2008) and the hypothesis that VL can be a predisposing condition for HIV/AIDS progression should also be considered. Therefore, improving the epidemiological surveillance of HIV infection among VL patients may lead to a precocious diagnosis before the onset of severe immunodeficiency.
Note that the main clinical manifestations reported in our study (fever, hepatoesplenomegaly and weight loss) were similar to those observed for VL in non-HIV infected patients and for the Mediterranean VL-HIV/AIDS cases. Fever occurred in all cases in the series described here and was described in 67% of the patients in a study from the Brazilian Northeast Region (Daher et al. 2009) and in 75% of European co-infected patients in another study (Cruz et al. 2006). Enlargement of the liver and especially the spleen seems to be less frequent in VL-HIV/AIDS patients than in VL patients without AIDS (Pintado et al. 2001) and this enlargement may be associated with a deficient proliferative response of mononuclear cells in these organs (Peters et al. 1990). Atypical manifestations at unusual anatomic sites such as skin, gastrointestinal tract or lungs (Orsini et al. 2002, Herrejón et al. 2005) were not observed in this study.
Identifying VL cases in AIDS patients can be difficult because some drugs used to treat opportunistic infections or even HIV itself may be leishmanicidal and can affect the performance of parasitological methods (Savoia et al. 2005). Despite having clinical evidence of VL, seven patients were excluded from this study and only 23 parasitological confirmed cases were included. Even in patients known to be infected, as demonstrated by isolating parasites by culture, the direct examination of bone marrow smears failed to confirm the infection in three patients. This discrepancy indicates that a gold-standard method for VL diagnosis may not detect all cases of leishmaniasis, particularly disease in HIV/AIDS patients.
Developing a more effective therapeutic scheme for VL-HIV/AIDS patients and enhancing the benefits of secondary prophylaxis drugs to prevent relapses remain a challenge for researchers (Laguna 2003, Rosenthal & Marty 2003, Alvar et al. 2008). In this study, pentavalent antimony and amphotericin B deoxycholate were the drugs of choice and were prescribed according to Brazilian guidelines. The efficacy of the therapeutic approach could not be ascertained, although the lethality among the patients studied was low in comparison to that in other reports (Bourgeois et al. 2008, ter Horst et al. 2008). Antimonial toxicity is increased in HIV patients and pancreatitis, renal failure and myocarditis were the most commonly reported adverse effects. The antimonial was efficacious for five patients, but the drug was discontinued in 12 cases due to therapeutic failure (5 cases) or precocious increase in amylase levels (7 cases). Since the risk factors for predicting side effects are unknown, we cannot rule out that the approach was a precocious discontinuation of the antimonial. Here amphotericin B deoxycholate seemed to be more efficacious than the pentavalent antimony, although clinical trials failed to show differences in cure rates of VL in HIV-infected patients (Laguna 2003). Other drugs such as amphotericin B in lipid formulation may be promising (Berman 1999, Sundar et al. 2006, Alvar et al. 2008).
A patient's severely immunocompromized state may account for the tissue parasite maintenance and predisposition to frequent relapses observed in VL-associated HIV/AIDS-patients (ter Horst et al. 2008). VL patients without associated conditions tended to regain tissue lymphopoietic functions soon after anti-leishmanial therapy (Carvalho et al. 1994). Conversely, in our study, in spite of HAART and satisfactory anti-leishmanial therapy, no significant increase in CD4+ T-cells was observed in VL-HIV/AIDS patients even during clinical remission. Baseline CD4+ T-cells under 100 cells/mm3 and poor CD4+ T count recovery despite HAART were considered risk factors for relapse and death in co-infected patients in Ethiopia (ter Horst et al. 2008). Thus, the high rate of relapses could be associated with the inability to control parasite replication due to impaired reconstitution of the Leishmania-specific lymphocyte repertoire. These features could provide a rational for introducing secondary prophylaxis (Bourgeois et al. 2008).
According to our findings, AIDS-associated VL patients from urban areas of MS seem to share clinical aspects with those from European endemic regions, suggesting that the parasite species circulating in these regions do not influence the clinical course of the disease. The prevalence of IVDU among co-infected patients in MS indicates that this route of transmission can have a relevant epidemiological impact on both diseases. Therefore, our results call for further AIDS-associated VL epidemiological research targeting the history of exposure in endemic areas with different epidemiological characteristics. Focusing on these specific factors will improve the surveillance of VL-HIV/AIDS patients.
To Laboratório de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular, IOC-Fiocruz, and to Programa de Leishmanioses, SVS, MS, Brazil.
Alvar J, Aparicio P, Aseffa A, Den Boer M, Cañavate C, Dedet JP, Gradoni L, ter Horst R, López-Vélez R, Moreno J 2008. The relationship between leishmaniasis and AIDS: the second 10 years. Clin Microbiol Rev 21: 334-359.
Alvar J, Cañavate C, Gutiérrez-Solar B, Jiménez M, Laguna F, López-Vélez R, Molina R, Moreno J 1997. Leishmania and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection: the first 10 years. Clin Microbiol Rev 10: 298-319.
Barreto-de-Souza V, Pacheco GJ, Silva AR, Castro-Faria-Neto HC, Bozza PT, Saraiva EM, Bou-Habib DC 2006. Increased Leishmania replication in HIV-1-infected macrophages is mediated by tat protein through cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 synthesis. J Infect Dis 194: 846-854.
Berman JD 1999. US Food and Drug Administration approval of AmBisome (liposomal amphotericin B) for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. Clin Infect Dis 28: 49-51.
Borges AS, Machado AA, Ferreira MS, de Castro Figueiredo JF, Silva GF, Cimerman S, Bacha HA, Teixeira MC 1999. Concurrent leishmaniasis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection: a study of four cases. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 32: 713-719.
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Brustoloni YM, Lima RB, da Cunha RV, Dorval ME, Oshiro ET, de Oliveira ALL, Pirmez C 2007. Sensitivity and specificity of polymerase chain reaction in Giemsa-stained slides for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in children. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 102: 497-500.
Cacopardo B, Nigro L, Preiser W, Famá A, Satariano MI, Braner J, Celesia BM, Weber B, Russo R, Doerr HW 1996. Prolonged Th2 cell activation and increased viral replication in HIV-Leishmania co-infected patients despite treatment. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 90: 434-435.
Carvalho EM, Bacellar O, Brownell C, Regis T, Coffman RL, Reed SG 1994. Restoration of IFN-gamma production and lymphocyte proliferation in visceral leishmaniasis. J Immunol 152: 5949-5956.
Cruz I, Nieto J, Moreno J, Cañavate C, Desjeux P, Alvar J 2006. Leishmania/HIV co-infections in the second decade. Indian J Med Res 123: 357-388.
Daher EF, Fonseca PP, Gerhard ES, Leitão TM, Silva Júnior GB 2009. Clinical and epidemiological features of visceral leishmaniasis and HIV co-infection in fifteen patients from Brazil. J Parasitol 95: 652-655.
del Giudice P, Mary-Krause M, Pradier C, Grabar S, Dellamonica P, Marty P, Gastaut JA, Costagliola D, Rosenthal E 2002. Impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on the incidence of visceral leishmaniasis in a French cohort of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. J Infect Dis 186: 1366-1370.
Desjeux P, Alvar J 2003. Leishmania/HIV co-infections: epidemiology in Europe. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 97 (Suppl. 1): 3-15.
Evans TG, Teixeira MJ, McAuliffe IT, Vasconcelos I, Vasconcelos AW, Sousa A de A, Lima JW, Pearson RD 1992. Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Northeast Brazil. J Infect Dis 166: 1124-1132.
Herrejón A, Cervera A, Maciá M, Ferrer R, Blanquer R 2005. Bronchioloalveolar adenoma associated with bronchiolitis obliterans and leishmaniasis with lung involvement in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Arch Bronconeumol 41: 233-235.
Laguna F 2003. Treatment of leishmaniasis in HIV-positive patients. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 97 (Suppl. 1): 135-142.
Marques N, Cabral S, Sá R, Coelho F, Oliveira J, Saraiva da Cunha JG, Meliço Silvestre A 2007. Visceral leishmaniasis and HIV infection in the HAART era. Acta Med Port 20: 291-298.
MS - Ministério da Saúde/Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde 2004a. Manual de recomendações para diagnóstico, tratamento e acompanhamento da co-infecção Leishmania-HIV, Brasília. Programa Nacional de DST/HIV/Aids. Available from: portal.saude.gov.br/portal/arquivos/pdf/manual_leish_hiv.pdf.
MS - Ministério da Saúde/Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde 2004b. Critérios para definição de casos de AIDS em adultos e crianças. Programa Nacional de DST/HIV/Aids. Available from: aids.gov.br/data/documents.
Oliveira AL, Paniago AM, Dorval ME, Oshiro ET, Leal CR, Sanches M, Cunha RV, Bóia MN 2006. Emergent outbreak of visceral leishmaniasis in Mato Grosso do Sul state. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 39: 446-450.
Olivier M, Badaró R, Medrano FJ, Moreno J 2003. The pathogenesis of Leishmania/HIV co-infection: cellular and immunological mechanisms. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 97 (Suppl. 1): 79-98.
Orsini M, Silva M, Luz ZM, Disch J, Fernandes O, Moreira D, Guedes AC, Rabello A 2002. Identification of Leishmania chagasi from skin in Leishmania/HIV co-infection: a case report. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 35: 259-262.
Pasquau F, Ena J, Sanchez R, Cuadrado JM, Amador C, Flores J, Benito C, Redondo C, Lacruz J, Abril V, Onofre J 2005. Leishmaniasis as an opportunistic infection in HIV-infected patients: determinants of relapse and mortality in a collaborative study of 228 episodes in a Mediterreanean region. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 24: 411-418.
Peters BS, Fish D, Golden R, Evans DA, Bryceson AD, Pinching AJ 1990. Visceral leishmaniasis in HIV infection and AIDS: clinical features and response to therapy. Q J Med 77: 1101-1111.
Pintado V, Martín-Rabadán P, Rivera ML, Moreno S, Bouza E 2001. Visceral leishmaniasis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and non-HIV-infected patients. A comparative study. Medicine (Baltimore) 80: 54-73.
Rabello A, Orsini M, Disch J 2003. Leishmania/HIV co-infection in Brazil: an appraisal. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 97 (Suppl. 1): 17-28.
Rosenthal E, Marty P 2003. Recent understanding in the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. J Postgrad Med 49: 61-68.
Savoia D, Allice T, Tovo PA 2005. Antileishmanial activity of HIV protease inhibitors. Int J Antimicrob Agents 26: 92-94.
Sundar S, Jha TK, Thakur CP, Bhattacharya SK, Rai M 2006. Oral miltefosine for the treatment of Indian visceral leishmaniasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 100 (Suppl. 1): S26-33.
ter Horst R, Collin SM, Ritmeijer K, Bogale A, Davidson RN 2008. Concordant HIV infection and visceral leishmaniasis in Ethiopia: the influence of antiretroviral treatment and other factors on outcome. Clin Infect Dis 46: 1702-1709.
Wolday D, Akuffo H, Demissie A, Britton S 1999. Role of Leishmania donovani and its lipophosphoglycan in CD4+ T-cell activation-induced human immunodeficiency virus replication. Infect Immun 67: 5258-5264.
Accepted 13 May 2010
Financial support: UFMS, Programa Nacional de DST/AIDS/MS (ED00095/2007), IOC, CNPq, FAPERJ (E-26/103-111/2008)
+ Corresponding author: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Lower galactosylation levels of the Lipophosphoglycan from Leishmania (Leishmania) major-like strains affect interaction with Phlebotomus papatasi and Lutzomyia longipalpis
- Agna Cristina Guimarães1, Paula Monalisa Nogueira2, Soraia de Oliveira Silva1, Jovana Sadlova3, Katerina Pruzinova3, Jana Hlavacova3, Maria Norma Melo1, Rodrigo Pedro Soares2,+
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In vitro evaluation of the anti-leishmanial activity and toxicity of PK11195
- Carlos Eduardo Sampaio Guedes1, Beatriz Rocha Simões Dias1, Antonio Luis de Oliveira Almeida Petersen1, Kercia Pinheiro Cruz1, Niara de Jesus Almeida1, Daniela Rodrigues Andrade2, Juliana Perrone Bezerra de Menezes1, Valéria de Matos Borges2, Patricia Sampaio Tavares Veras1,+
Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis isolated from the saliva of patients in a cutaneous leishmaniasis-endemic area of northeastern Brazil
- Maria Edileuza Felinto de Brito1,+, Ericka Lima Almeida1, Angela Cristina Rapela Medeiros2, Roberto Pereira Werkhäuser1, Joanna Lucia de Almeida Alexandre1, Bruna Santos Lima Figueiredo Sá1, Eduardo Henrique Gomes Rodrigues1, Sinval Pinto Brandão-Filho1
Lutzomyia umbratilis from an area south of the Negro River is refractory to in vitro interaction with Leishmania guyanensis
- Rodrigo Pedro Soares1, Paula Monalisa Nogueira1, Nágila Francinete Secundino1, Eric Fabrício Marialva2, Cláudia Maria Ríos-Velásquez2, Felipe Arley Costa Pessoa2,+
Potential application of rLc36 protein for diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis
- Camila Tita Nogueira1, Mayara Lúcia Del Cistia2, Ana Carolina Urbaczek3, Márcia MG Jusi4, Angela Maria Arenas Velásquez1, Rosângela Zacarias Machado4, Henrique Ferreira5, Flávio Henrique-Silva6, Hélio Langoni7, Paulo Inácio da Costa2, Márcia AS Graminha1,2,+
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After months of uncertainty Thailand's Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has finally released its regulatory framework surrounding the buying and selling of digital tokens. The new system will be in place from July 16th.
Rather than try and constrain the ICO phenomenon, the Thai SEC has appeared to opt for a pragmatic approach by working to ensure that token sales are as legitimate and scam-free as possible.
The biggest innovation is the introduction of "ICO portals." All ICOs must sell their tokens through these portals, which also act as something of a guarantor for investors.
The portals must be Thailand-based companies with a minimum registered capital of 5 million baht (just over $150,000 at current exchange rates). They must also be approved by the SEC that they are "adequate for business operations" and able to properly evaluate a whole host of criteria pertaining to their ICOs, including their business plans, codebase, token distribution and Know Your Customer procedures.
Once the first ICO portals have been approved then the SEC will turn its attention to the ICOs themselves. These must also be based in Thailand and have complete transparency in their business plans and token distribution. ICOs will have to disclose their code, prospectus and financial statements prior to being cleared for any offering.
The SEC has also placed restrictions on who can invest. "Ultra-high net worth individuals", VC firms and private equity funds may invest as much as they please, while retail investors will be limited to 300,000 baht (around $9,000) per person, per project.


To find the best size for you, please refer to our size guide in the Customer Service section. Please note that you can always amend the patterns for example by adjusting the width or length. Instructions on how to alter patterns can be found in Pattern Alterations, under the Instructions drop down menu. It is rare for one particular size to fit perfectly – by using patterns and slightly amending them the end result will be a perfect fit!
What is the difference between PDF Patterns and Printed Patterns?
We offer patterns in two different formats; as printed paper patterns and PDF files.
When you order PDF-patterns, you will receive an automated e-mail message as soon as your payment has been processed. The message contains links to PDF files that you can download and print at home. The patterns can be printed on any standard paper sizes (such as A4 or Letter), and taped together to create a complete pattern sheet. The patterns are usually divided into 4 files, two sizes per each file, but part of the PDF patterns are available as layered patterns. Read more about layered patterns here. You will also receive a separate instructions file. Patterns include all seam allowances, and the pattern layout may be overlapped. You can choose to trace the patterns on a separate tracing paper or cut them right off the printed sheets. If the pattern layout is overlapped, you can print the sheets twice and then cut all pieces without tracing.
Some of our PDF patterns also come with a separate copy-shop file. A copy shop file is a large-scale PDF that you can take to a copy shop to be printed. All copy-shop files are A0 in width (841 mm / 33.1″), and any length.
PDF-patterns are handy when you need to receive your patterns immediately. They are also less costly, and you don't need to worry about shipping and handling fees.
Please note that you will need Acrobat Reader or a similar software for opening PDF files. You can download Acrobat Reader for free here.
The printed paper patterns will be sent to you by mail. The package includes all the same patterns and instructions than the PDF patterns, except some patterns are without seam allowances. All sizes and pattern pieces are on the same large pattern sheet (or sometimes two), from which they can be traced to a separate pattern paper before cutting (pattern paper is not included in the package). The pattern layout may be overlapped. If the layout is not overlapped, you can also cut the pieces from the pattern sheet without tracing. However, we advice using a tracing paper, as in that case you can keep the original sheet complete and reuse it as many times as you want, in different sizes.
Printed patterns take a little less effort than the PDF patterns, as the pattern sheet is already complete. Paper patterns are also more easy to store and reuse, and they are especially suitable for those who like to amend and modify their patterns.
Both pattern types are designed and made in Helsinki, Finland.
I ordered a pdf pattern but didn't receive the links – what to do?
The pdf links should arrive to your e-mail basically within just seconds after your payment has been processed. If the message doesn't arrive to your mail after a couple of minutes, please check your junk mail first. Automated messages like these can seem suspicious to many mail servers (such as gmail or hotmail), and they are very often sorted to spam. If the message cannot be found in the spam folder either, please contact us at info@namedclothing.com. Make sure to e-mail us your order number so we can identify your order easily.
Can I sell garments that I've made using Named patterns, for example in Etsy?
Nope. Unfortunately our patterns are for home use only, and any commercial use is strictly prohibited. In some cases we can grant a license for using the patterns – if you are, for example, a professional seamstress and would like to use our pattern to sew a garment for your customer. In any case, please contact us first!


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text:
Home » FCC, Senate make moves to assist rural broadband
News Politics Rural
FCC, Senate make moves to assist rural broadband
08/09/17 6:28 AM By Steve Davies
KEYWORDS Ajit Pai bloomfield FCC John Thune Klobuchar MIke Romano ntca reverse auction Tester
WASHINGTON, August 9, 2017 - The Federal Communications Commission and the U.S. Senate both took steps last week to help expand broadband service in rural areas.
The FCC moved forward with plans to hold a "reverse auction" next year to provide nearly $2 billion over 10 years to expand high-speed internet access in rural areas that do not have fixed broadband service. The commission is seeking comments on how to run the auction, including how interested parties can qualify to participate, how bidders will submit bids, and how the FCC will process those bids to determine the winners and support amounts.
"We expect that this auction will attract companies that have never before received universal service funding," FCC Chairman Ajit Pai said at the commission's Aug. 3 meeting. "Among others, I'm thinking here about some small competitive providers and electrical co-operatives that want to bring fiber to neighbors currently on the wrong side of the divide. And fixed wireless providers that can efficiently serve remote areas."
The auction, which has been in the works since 2011, "is all about making sure that those in rural America . . . have access to the same economic opportunities as those in more densely populated communities," FCC commissioner Mignon Clyburn said.
While the auction is welcome news, rural areas still have a long way to go, said Mike Romano, senior vice president of policy at NTCA-The Rural Broadband Association.
"By and large, we think it's a positive," Romano said, who also noted that "it's been pending for a long time."
But Romano said the FCC's auction doesn't address a larger funding problem that exists now for smaller carriers that serve rural areas. The FCC's Universal Service Fund is suffering from budget cuts that have reduced the amount of support flowing to small, rural carriers, who serve 40 percent of the U.S. land mass. (The USF is funded by a quarterly fee charged to telecom companies, and is supposed to "ensure reasonably comparable services are available at reasonably comparable rates in rural and urban areas alike," Romano said in testimony to the House Small Business Committee in June.)
Much yet to be determined about FCC's $20B rural broadband fund
FCC task force to look beyond fiber to boost rural broadband
FCC moves ahead to establish rural America 5G fund
The auction is helpful, he said, but without fixes to the USF, rural consumers are being forced to pay tens or even hundreds of dollars per month more than people in urban areas.
NTCA was more positive about legislation that cleared the Senate last week to improve rural call completion and remove barriers to broadband development.
Senate Commerce Committee Chair John Thune, R-S.D.
The Improving Rural Call Quality and Reliability Act of 2017, S. 96, was sponsored by senators Amy Klobuchar, D-Minn., John Thune, R-S.D., and Jon Tester, D-Mont. The act "would direct the FCC to require providers that transmit voice calls to register with the agency and establish quality standards for transmitting voice calls," according to a news release from Klobuchar's office. "These reforms would ensure small businesses, families, and emergency responders in rural America can once again rely upon their telephone calls being completed."
"We look forward to working with the Senate and House of Representatives, which approved a similar bill earlier this year, to ensure the measure is signed into law," said NTCA CEO Shirley Bloomfield.
Another piece of legislation that made it through the Senate was S. 19, the Making Opportunities for Broadband Investment and Limiting Excessive and Needless Obstacles to Wireless (MOBILE NOW) Act, which NTCA said is aimed at addressing "a variety of challenges faced by carriers seeking to deploy wireless and wireline infrastructure alike in rural America."
The bill, introduced by Thune, is designed "to boost the development of next-generation gigabit wireless broadband services, including 5G, by ensuring more spectrum is made available for commercial use and by reducing the red tape associated with building broadband networks," according to his office.


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Mayor to veto landmark status for Citgo sign, but says long-term deal will preserve it
Boston Mayor Marty Walsh said the city has reached a deal that will preserve the iconic Citgo sign in Kenmore Square, but will veto designating it a landmark. "We are pleased to share that we have reached a long-term resolution that will preserve the Citgo sign and allow for it to remain in place in Kenmore Square for years to come," Walsh, Citgo, Related Beal and Boston University said in a joint statement. On Nov. 14, the Boston Landmark Commission approved giving the sign official landmark status. The city had 45 days to veto the commission's decision. The deal recognizes "the significance that this sign has on our landscape in Boston, while balancing the opportunity for our horizons to continue evolving in future years," according to the statement.The designation would have protected the 60 by 60-foot sign that has stood in Kenmore Square since 1965 from any future development that would move the sign or block its view. The building at 660 Beacon St. on which the sign is mounted is not designated as a landmark.Developers were concerned what the status could mean for development in the area.
Boston Mayor Marty Walsh said the city has reached a deal that will preserve the iconic Citgo sign in Kenmore Square, but will veto designating it a landmark.
"We are pleased to share that we have reached a long-term resolution that will preserve the Citgo sign and allow for it to remain in place in Kenmore Square for years to come," Walsh, Citgo, Related Beal and Boston University said in a joint statement.
On Nov. 14, the Boston Landmark Commission approved giving the sign official landmark status. The city had 45 days to veto the commission's decision.
The deal recognizes "the significance that this sign has on our landscape in Boston, while balancing the opportunity for our horizons to continue evolving in future years," according to the statement.
The designation would have protected the 60 by 60-foot sign that has stood in Kenmore Square since 1965 from any future development that would move the sign or block its view.
The building at 660 Beacon St. on which the sign is mounted is not designated as a landmark.
Developers were concerned what the status could mean for development in the area.


Kent Rantzow was born in Helsingborg Sweden 1957.
He started Karate in 1974. He graded to Shodan JKA under Enoeda Sensei in 1979 in England.
Kent took his 6 dan JKA in Hungary 2010.
He was a competitor in kumite from 1976 to 1986. He stopped when he was started his own club in Helsingborg 1985.
Member of Shihankai commission JKA Sweden.
1987 WKF National Referee license.
1994 WKF Nordic Referee license.
Stopped judging WKF competitions in 2001.
He is qualified as an international Referee with the JKA. ESKA and WSKA and is a member of the Referee commission in ESKA.


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Q: Regular expression to validate an Australian bank BSB number (XXX-XXX)? I am trying to come up with a regex for validating a BSB number which is in the format of 3 digits, a dash, and 3 digits (e.g. 123-456).
I thought /[1-9]{3}-{1}[1-9]{3}/ would work, but it doesn't. Can someone show me which regex I need to match the BSB format?

A: Zero is in fact allowed for BSB codes, and the dash is optional. I would probably use /\d{3}-?\d{3}/, or /[0-9]{3}-?[0-9]{3}/. That said, your given regex should definitely match a number like 123-456, so if it's not I would investigate that (e.g. are the /'s part of the regex?).
A failing code snippet would be extremely helpful here, in many cases @Phil's regex would be more correct. As the question is given it's hard to tell.

A: I have used this expression
^\d{3}-?\d{3}$
matches:
123-456
123456
Java version: ^\\d{3}-?\\d{3}$

A: this will allow to use space as well.
\d{3}(-?|\s?)\d{3}
matches:
123-456
123456
123 456

A: Here's one to validate a BSB number with/ without a hyphen and space(s).
/^(?:\s*\d{3}\s*\-?\s*\d{3}\s*)$/

https://regex101.com/r/ge6viX/1
This would validate the following:
023056
023 056
023 056
 023  056
023-056
023 - 056
 023  -  056
023- 056
023 -056

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Two poor souls suffered through MRIs, heart scans, and other medical tests to figure out what was causing them to go blind for up to 15 minutes at a time. After discovering that checking their phones in bed was to blame, one woman still couldn't stop. Such is the power of technology.
The women (ages 22 and 40) were understandably very concerned about what seemed like recurring vision loss, according to an article in the New England Journal of Medicine. After the medical tests were inconclusive, they went to an eye doctor who simply asked them where they were when the blindness started. Turns out they were in bed, which doctors determined was the root of the ailment.
The problem isn't caused by being in bed. The issue is that both women checked their phones with one eye on the screen and the other covered by a pillow. Where the phone eye adapts to the light by being less dilated, the pillow eye is more dilated and adapts to the dark. After the phone is switched off, the phone eye takes a while to adjust to the dark and catch up to the pillow eye, causing the feeling of temporary blindness. There wasn't any true vision loss, but it was an effect similar to how we feel "blind" right when we go into a dark room after being outside.
The (obvious) bad news here is that not being able to see is more than a little worrying, and nearly all of us check our phones in bed. The good news is that "transient smartphone blindness" is avoidable and we can technically continue checking tweets in bed as long as we use both eyes.


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Bob has been creating art since he stumbled into the pottery studio at Cal Poly – San Luis Obispo while an architecture student. So began his life-long journey of connecting place through his art. His early career of twenty-years was spent as a studio artist, producing mostly functional pottery, exhibiting his work throughout the west coast, and developing a reputation as a fine craftsman.
In 1985 Bob was granted Artist-in-Residence status with the City of Santa Maria by the California Arts Council. He established a ceramics program for the City and taught the basics of working with clay to community members. At the conclusion of the three-year residency program, the Fine Arts Department at Allan Hancock College invited Bob to teach, replacing then retiring ceramics instructor, Bill Shinn. This invitation led to a full-time position the following year.
Bob remained at AHC until his retirement in June 2017, developing a community-engaged ceramics program with many successful students who now work as professional artists. Bob engaged his students in community service through his role at Allan Hancock College. He developed a special course in public art that was used to initiate the first phase of the City of Santa Maria's Highway 101 mural project. A collaboration with the Food Bank of Santa Barbara County has yielded the donation of between 200-300 bowls annually to the Empty Bowl fund-raising effort. Initially a project by students and staff, the effort now involves many regional ceramic artists.
Over more than 30 years he has studied and learned many techniques and art forms as he has worked to inspire others. During his tenure Bob taught coureses in a variety of subjects and mediums including ceramics, sculpture and 3-D design. Of particular interest were his courses exploring Native American rock art in the Mojave Desert and Owen Valley regions.
His life-long study of rock art, and his graduate work at UCSB, Department of Art Studio, led to an increased focus on the concept of what it means to have a "Sense of Place." This idea has evolved to include symbolism representing aspects of life's journey. The designs, glazes, surfaces and forms which he utilizes represent a continuing exploration of his own search of ways to express his journey.
Now, with his retirement from teaching at Allan Hancock College, Bob is returning to his home studio where his work continues to develop, while remaining grounded in his surroundings. As he has explored the world, both near and far, his connection with place continues as an expression of his art.
Machu Pichu, Peru
Deruta, Italy
Qoyllur Rit'i Pilgrimage, Peru
Utah Rock Art Site
Salt Mine, Peru
Cooking School, Mexico
Allan Hancock College
Hearst Castle Neptune Pool
Templo Mayor Archeological Site, Mex.
Rock Art Site
ICARE International – Peru
Museo de Cao, Peru
Mitla, Mexico
Guaitil, Costa Rica
Sea of Cortez
Los Barriles, Mexico
Chinese International Ceramics Conference
Huilloc, Peru
Carrizo Plain Nat. Monument
Vineyards of SLO Co.
Bryce Canyon Nat. Park


text:
Entwined Hearts… by Gulraj Singh Bedi
It was a warm and humid August morning, so warm, so bright. Gerrard, a young chap of just eighteen, was in a hurry to be on time for his first day of college. At first, he thought about playing hooky and spending the day outdoors. It was so tempting; the birds were chirping, the sky was clear and sunny. But fortunately, he had the courage to resist. By the time Gerrard reached his college he was out of breath and sweat was dripping down his forehead. With heavy steps, he made his way up to the 3rd floor classroom.
Inside he could see a bunch of teenagers sitting on the backbenches. They were staring at him, bewildered. Gerrard, confused, returned their look. As the day progressed, countless unknown faces passed by.Throughout the day, Gerrard drifted around with a queer sort of feeling. He could neither befriend anyone nor could he speak. The remainder of the day passed in a daze.
What was keeping Gerrard from befriending people was his past, a past that was painted with darkness, a past that had traces of mist all over it. What intensified Gerrard's pain was the grief of separation. Gerrard feared that if he befriends people, he'll certainly develop a liking for them and when a time would come for him to bid farewell and leave everything behind, his heart would melt away like snow and he won't be able to bear the pain of separation. This was one of Gerrard's most dreaded childish fears and the very thought of it made him unhappy and his heart sunk in an ocean of gloom.
The world had of course, never been kind to him. His years at school had been no less than a nightmare. Gerrard lived the life of a loner, perhaps because he was weak. At times his emotions succeeded in overpowering his sorts and wits. His meek surrenders under pressure during his school days had also played a spoilsport. Gerrard's days at school were like a deep dark dream and the memories of those dreary days at school brought a sense of melancholy to his mind. His days at school were filled with solitude, boredom, failure and struggle. The reasons behind his miserable plight at school were largely unknown to Gerrard. But, somewhere at the back of his mind, Gerrard knew that his pathetic plight at school was primarily because of his disabilities. Disabilities had ailed Gerrard ever since his childhood. These disabilities were the sole reason behind his inability to play. But Gerrard summoned all his strength and decided to leave all those memories behind in order to make a fresh beginning
The college got over at 1 P.M. and in a matter of a few minutes, the entire crowd dispersed just like a lump of sugar melts in a child's mouth. Gerrard too, made his way back to his house. His first day at college was filled with stark silence. During his 26 Km long drive back home, he thought of all the faces he had seen throughout the day. Some of the faces which his eyes had seen were bright while some were dull and wan. And then in his mind, although without reason, came a face, so simple and serene. It was a face he had seen in the afternoon, while attending the last lecture. Her face was like a winter landscape and her eyes were like those of a mermaid. Gerrard felt like drowning in her eyes.
Gerrard had his heart pounding in his chest. His mind began to run riot against his wishes. He had fallen so deep in this line of thought that he ended up jumping as many as 3 red lights. The entire evening of his was spent lying on a bed while being lost in thoughts. He kept gazing at the ceiling in his room. He just kept thinking about the girl he had seen. It appeared as though Gerrard had been hypnotized.
The following morning when he left for college, he was in a hurry to reach his destination. He rushed on his way to the college, colliding with a bicycle on his way. Minor bruises could be seen on his hands. His car was in the mechanic's garage. He reached the college well before the reporting time. In fact, he was the first one to reach the college that day. When he entered his classroom, he was the only one present there. He walked towards his seat amidst stun silence. Only the sound made by the moving fans broke the shackles of silence in that room. He remained glued to his seat amidst indomitable silence. Slowly and steadily, the indomitable silence began to take its toll on Gerrard. It looked as though the silence was tearing him apart. It appeared like a never ending wait, a wait till eternity for Gerrard. But Gerrard didn't lose hope; darkness was beginning to descend over his thoughts,and finally, after an hour or so, he saw what he had been wanting to see over the past 24 hours or so.
She had a sculpted figure which was twine-thin. Her waist was tapered and she had a whitish complexion. A pair of arched eyebrows looked down on sweeping eyelashes. Her delicate ears framed a button nose. A set of dazzling, angel-white teeth gleamed as she blew gently on her carmine-red fingernails. It was a pleasure to see her flowing, moon shadow-black hair. She had beautiful constellation-blue eyes and a smiling face and a sugary voice. Not content to be just another drone she wore vibrant clothes.
Gerrard wanted to ask her name but, out of shyness, couldn't gather the courage to do so. It was around 9:30 A.M. in the morning and Gerrard's brain and heart were at sixes and sevens with each other. The professor was teaching but Gerrard was lost in a world of his own.There were a total of 4 rows of benches in that classroom. Gerrard was sitting in the third row from the left with his eyes glued towards his left. Gerrard wanted to jump off his seat and sit right next to that girl, whose eyes,by now,had completely overpowered Gerrard's senses. The next 30 minutes were perhaps the most challenging 30 minutes of Gerrard's life; he was in a constant duel with himself.
By 10 A.M., Gerrard's misery was finally over. The lecture was over and so was Gerrard's restlessness. His eyes were still searching for the girl, whose name was still not known to him. He saw the girl going down the staircase. In a fit of excitement; he followed her and ended up banging his head right into the classroom's door.
Then, after a gap of 15 minutes or so, began the next lecture, It was a lecture regarding writing for media and its basics. While the professor was dictating notes and the students were noting them down, Gerrard had her eyes glued on that girl. She was searching for something in her bag, perhaps searching for a pen to write. 10 minutes had passed and her search for a pen had not ended. Then, all of a sudden, Gerrard took out a pen from his pocket and threw it towards her. She looked astounded at Gerrard's action, but didn't say anything and began to write what the professor was dictating.
After the lecture got over and the students dispersed like wild fire, Gerrard finally met the girl he had been desperately waiting to meet. It was a big moment for Gerrard as a majority of his previous encounters with girls had been disastrous. Gerrard wasn't popular among the girls. He was not at all a geek and neither was he bespectacled. He looked just like any other boy of his age would look like. Gerrard was not the best of physical specimens. He was neither tall nor dwarf. He was some 5 feet 6" tall . He was slim and lean and didn't possess rippling muscles either. This was perhaps the biggest reasons behind his disastrous encounters with girls in the past.
But fortunately for Gerrard, It was an all new place and the people here were unknown to him. The girl he had been thinking about wildly over the past 1 day or so was right in front of his eyes. She thanked him for this small bit of help. Gerrard kept staring at her in utter bafflement, he kept staring into her eyes with his heavy eyes. It took around 5 minutes for Gerrard to regain his senses. When she smiled at him, Gerrard's heart had already jumped out of his body. He quickly regained his senses and in a trembling voice asked her name and she, in the sweetest of voices replied: Hailey. Wow, what a moment that was for Gerrard. He felt as though he is flying in the sky, up and over the clouds. Both of them shook hands and then Hailey went away and Gerrard's mind entered into a state of oblivion.
What followed Gerrard's first encounter with Hailey was a series of encounters between him and Hailey. In a matter of months they had become the best of friends. In Hailey's company, Gerrard had found peace and solace. He could see a lot of traces of himself in Hailey. But, the biggest difference between Hailey and Gerrard was the fact that Gerrard was a pessimist and an introvert whereas Hailey was a happy-go-lucky and lively young lady who enjoyed "being alive".
Hailey too, had her problems, but unlike Gerrard, she had an optimistic perspective towards life. She used to say:
"Either wage war against a situation and change it or simply accept it, but always be at peace with it" And this is what she used to tell Gerrard. Gerrard, on his part, had a similar sort of belief,but he was a bit too tired of fighting aimlessly. He was depleted. Neither was he left with courage to fight for what he believed in and nor did he have the strength to stand up for what he felt. Gerrard was pretty much caught in the shackles of hesitation. He resisted befriending people because he feared that they would leave him.
But his bonding with Hailey had gathered momentum and pace. She used to be his partner in all sorts of crime. The reason why Gerrard loved Hailey's company was the fact that everyone else whom Gerrard had come across in his life had used him like an expendable asset. The same was the case with other students in the class as well,but Hailey was completely different from others. She had accepted Gerrard as her friend not because Gerrard was perfect, but because of the fact that he was not. She never thought of exploiting Gerrard like an expendable asset.
Gerrard found relief in her company. Previously, Gerrard had escaped from every direst situation in his life but, after he met Hailey, he made it a habit to accept everything the way it was, On the face of it. Gerrard had finally found someone whom he could trust, whom he could fall back onto in the hour of need. Hailey, supported Gerrard in all seasons. As many as 5 semesters had passed and Gerrard and Hailey were still the best of friends.
Then came the most challenging chapters of Gerrard's life, He was thrown into a pit that seemed headed towards hell. He was sent to work in the accounts department of a commercial banking company. The environment in that organization was pathetic; the place he was working resembled a living hell. The food so bad, the people so insensitive, they weren't bothered about whether their employees have had lunch or not. They used to be breathing down Gerrard's neck all the time. But he did not mind the pathetic working conditions which the workplace offered him.
The day Gerrard walked into the office, he realized that his stint here at the Bank would surely turn out to be an exercise in futility. Although he was being paid around 500 British pounds but he disliked what he did.
Hailey, as always was right behind him in this hour of direst need. Gerrard used to leave his home at around 10 AM and returned home at around 8 PM in the night. Hailey used to be the only person who would wish him good morning every day because she knew that her presence and involvement in Gerrard's life instilled a sense of optimism into his life. Hailey knew that Gerrard would easily succumb under pressure. So; she made it a practice to be there for him all the time, like an elder sister stays with her brother.
Gerrard's leftover taste for life was nearly depleted; at times he used to get into an argument with Hailey ,but to his surprise, Hailey continued to support Gerrard and never ever complained about Gerrard's erratic behavior because she knew Gerrard was under a lot of pressure and that it was very important on her part to stay there with Gerrard.
For Gerrard, it was a test of his ebbing strength and decreasing patience. By now, Gerrard had already fallen for Hailey. During one their conversations of whatsapp, Gerrard had promptly told Hailey that she was the sole reason behind some of the most beautiful changes in his life. Gerrard stated that whenever she used to be with him, he felt confident, no matter how dire the circumstances were.
During one of their meetings in late February, Gerrard told Hailey that he had fallen for her . He told her that his love is true. Now, this was perhaps the last thing Hailey was expecting to hear from Gerrard. Gerrard's voice was trembling with fear and nervousness. His breath had frozen like ice and his throat began to choke.
He looked scared. Hailey, on her end kept staring at Gerrard in utter shock. She had never expected this from Gerrard, her eyes seemed to be flooding with questions and so was her mind. Both of them kept staring at each other amid stark silence. Gerrard thought it to be the silence before the storm. It was looking as though their silence was creating a lot of cacophony. Their silence was screaming louder than their words.
Neither was he refused and nor was he accepted. And he knew it. Hailey's eyes had said everything. He thought his heart is being squeezed.
At the end of their chaotic conversation that day, Hailey just smiled at Gerrard and went away. Gerrard appeared quite perplexed at Hailey's strange gesture. That night, Gerrard kept thinking about Hailey. There was an entire ocean of conflicting ideas flooding through his mind. He was getting quite restless and that night turned out to be a largely sleepless night for Gerrard.
Over the next few days, both of them kept talking normally, perhaps because Hailey must have taken Gerrard's words in a lighter sense. She appeared quite normal and was behaving just as she used to. But, for Gerrard, it was a question of his self-esteem and his identity. Gerrard feared that she would reject his proposal because he is weak and would simply leave him. Gerrard's childish fear began overpowering him yet again.
It was here that he realized that he had become an obligation for her. He loved her madly and his love for her was pretty much true, though it was only known to him that his love for Hailey is true. He realized that if he continues to bother Hailey with his questions then, he might end up creating endless problems for her. Gerrard had grown Overdependent on Hailey. He was pretty much addicted to her.
There was an even bigger fear in Gerrard's mind. He thought that he has become over dependent upon Hailey and that he might cause problems for Hailey by this gesture of his. He did not want to act like a pair of shackles in her feet. He felt he's bothering her too much. He must go with the flow. Friends keep on coming and going. "There is love in holding back and there is love in letting go." He thought to himself.
He must go with the flow. But, unfortunately for Gerrard, Hailey was to him what wind is to fire. "He woke with her name on his lips every morning." He thought of ending this mayhem for once and for all.
During a warm evening in mid-April when the sun was about to set and the birds were flying back home. Gerrard went to the college cafeteria where Hailey was sitting with some of her closest friends. Gerrard's eyes were heavy. Suddenly there was an aura of grey around him. It was a mist that was rising at a brisk pace. A state of depression had engulfed him. He couldn't see himself through the rising mists. He felt a terrible weight on his shoulders. It was as if a giant boulder was lying on him and he couldn't straighten up or catch his breath entirely.
He went there, on the last table where Hailey was sitting. He appeared to be lost in thoughts. He went there and sat right in front of Hailey, with is eyes glued at her. He appeared dull. Hailey had noticed the dullness present on Gerrard's face and she could feel that something was wrong.
Then, out of nowhere, happened something which no one had ever expected. Gerrard took a cellphone that belonged to one of Hailey's friends named Adam and silently forwarded Hailey's chat with Adam on his email ID. But, before he could forward the chat to himself, he was caught red-handed. What followed Gerrard's action was stun and indomitable silence. Hailey had her hands on her head and could not believe what Gerrard had just done. Both of them were standing like stagnant effigies of wax. Hailey didn't say anything. She just waved her hand and Gerrard knew what she meant.
Gerrard's heart sunk in gloom. He had done exactly what he had planned. He knew that Adam had not enabled his phone's data connection. Well, that was the first and the foremost thing Gerrard had seen while using Adam's phone.
Gerrard knew what he had done. And, reason behind his action was also well known to him. He had snatched away all the links that he and Hailey used to share. It was here that Gerrard remembered his father's words. Gerrard's father had once said to him "Sometimes, in order to be kind, you need to be cruel" and these words kept echoing in his ears as he made his way back home.
The next few days of Gerrard's life were covered with sheer ignominy and tribulation. At times, tears used to roll down his eyes onto his face like droplets of dew. He used to wipe them off and smile, but in vain. He wanted Hailey to know the reason behind his action, but he decided not to tell her.
And then came the big day, the day of the college farewell party. All the students were there exchanging pleasant words with each other. Some of them were asking for forgiveness in order to put an end to all the grudges and arguments.
Hailey was there at the farewell as well. She was occupied with people. She had a transient smile on her face. It was a cloudy day and a raging shower was certainly on the cards. Time seemed to be flowing away like an overflowing river of sand. It was 3 pm, but Gerrard was nowhere to be seen. The clouds were showering their wrath. Hailey's eyes were staring at the hall's entrance.Hope was fading away at a rapid pace from her eyes.
It was around 4 PM in the evening and the clouds were thundering aloud. Hailey's mind too was thundering aloud. Her eyes were still staring at the entrance of the hall. And then, like white lightning, entered Gerrard. His clothes were wet.
Without wasting even a single minute, he went to Hailey. Both of them kept staring at each other for 10 minutes or so without uttering even a single word. Gerrard and Hailey hugged each each other. Their hearts were screaming aloud. It appeared as though both of them would melt away in each other's arms. And then, Gerrard left the place without even wanting to meet anyone else.
Just before leaving, Gerrard turned back to have a glimpse of Hailey for the one last time. To Gerrard's astonishment, Hailey too, was staring at Gerrard. Both of them kept staring at each other. Not even an eye was blinked.
And then, Hailey smiled at Gerrard. Her smile resembled the rays of the sun on a chilly winter morning. Gerrard smiled back at her and went out of the hall, never to return .
On his way back, Gerrard stared at the sky, then he closed his eyes and smiled again. The clouds were nowhere to be seen in the sky.
Sketches by: Sumantra Talukdar
Gulraj Singh Bedi,22 years old, A student of Indian Institute of Mass Communication. An ardent political thinker and a poet. I believe that every coin has got two sides, , it becomes very important for all of us as individuals and moreover as responsible citizens of the society and our country to raise our voice against something we deem is not appropriate. Governments, have their own policies, their own agendas, but at the end of the day, it is the individual who matters.
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text:
Revisiting Apollo 11 Episode 3: 'The Photo of Everything'
Sci-fi legend Arlene Martel, aka Spock's "Amok Time" bride T'Pring, dead at 78
@trentlmoore
Tag: Star Trek
Tag: The Twilight Zone
We're sad to say it, but it looks like Spock will need to find another bride-to-be. Arlene Martel, a familiar face for sci-fi fans of the 1960s genre classics, has tragically passed away at the age of 78.
Martel had various sci-fi roles in the heyday of the late 1950s and 1960s, but she's best known as the prospective bride for Leonard Nimoy's Spock in the classic Sept. 15, 1967, Star Trek episode "Amok Time," which opened The Original Series' second season.
The episode is revered as a true classic for the series, and found Spock compelled by pon farr to return to his home planet of Vulcan to mate with his betrothed wife T'Pring. She positively stole the episode every moment she was on screen, and that role would make her a Trek legend for decades to come.
As The Hollywood Reporter notes, Martel was stunned at the lingering Trek fandom that followed her throughout her life, and opened up about it in this excerpt from Tom Lisanti's 2003 book Drive-in Dream Girls: A Galaxy of B-Movie Starlets of the Sixties:
"I was just so happy to be working and playing a part that was so challenging in terms of what I had done before. I had no idea it would continue to this day. Fans purchase my Star Trek photos at conventions, where I sign autographs. I had no idea that T'Pring would be so memorable to people."
Though she's most recognizable for Trek, Martel also popped up twice in The Twilight Zone, including the 1959 episode "What You Need" and the 1961 installment "Twenty Two." But that wasn't all: She also leaves behind appearances in The Outer Limits, The Man From U.N.C.L.E., I Dream of Jeannie, The Wild Wild West, Mission Impossible, Bewitched, the Six Million Dollar Man and Battlestar Galactica. There's no way around it — she was a legit icon of the golden age of television.
When word of her passage broke, Nimoy himself took to Twitter to offer his condolences. Rest in peace, and carve out some time for a sci-fi classic rewatch this weekend.
Saying goodbye to T'Pring, Arlene Martel. A lovely talent.
— Leonard Nimoy (@TheRealNimoy) August 13, 2014
(Via The Hollywood Reporter)


Kappeler, Thomas; Schaad, Beat; Topalov, Peter J (2013). Qualitative Features of Periodic Solutions of KdV. Communications in Partial Differential Equations, 38(9):1626-1673.
In this paper we prove new qualitative features of solutions of KdV on the circle. The first result says that the Fourier coefficients of a solution of KdV in Sobolev space HN, N ≥ 0, admit a WKB type expansion up to first order with strongly oscillating phase factors defined in terms of the KdV frequencies. The second result provides estimates for the approximation of such a solution by trigonometric polynomials of sufficiently large degree.
Download PDF 'Qualitative Features of Periodic Solutions of KdV'. Item availability may be restricted.


For a trainer with less than a handful of horses currently in work, Graham Hulm is a small player who should make a big impact with his team during the Albury Gold Cup Carnival.
Hulm prepares his four-horse squad in Albury and has enough fire power to draw plenty of attention over the two days of the carnival this Sunday and the following Friday.
The trainer is in dashing form with three winners from his past nine starters and one of his best prospects is four-year-old mare Supply Money who will contest the $150,000 SDRA Country Championships Qualifier (1400m) on Sunday.
"She's (Supply Money) as honest as the day is long," Hulm said.
Supply Money has raced just eight times for two wins and three placings, including successive victories at Wangaratta (1590m) and Corowa (1600m) last December.
"She drew wide at Wangaratta (barrier 11) so she had to work hard to go forward and be near the lead but just kept going and it was pretty much the same thing at Corowa.
At her last start on January 17 Supply Money finished second to Dreadlock at Wagga (1400m).
"She ran second to a pretty smart horse and stuck on well over the last 200m. The winner has since run in Sydney.
"She is up in grade on Sunday but if she draws an alley she'll keep them honest.
Regular jockey Amanda Masters will again take the ride on Supply Money, having ridden the horse seven times from her eight starts.
One of the stable's kingpins, Lord Von Costa, is a Stakes-winner of nearly $150,000 and will be returning from a spell at Albury, last having raced at Flemington on Melbourne Cup Day.
The horse is likely to be entered for the $50,000 David Wallace City Handicap (1175m) next Friday and will be hard to beat having won the Listed Cresswick Stakes (1200m) down the Flemington straight last July.
"He'll be first-up on Albury Cup Day and is coming along nicely for his return," Hulm said.
"He is a classy sprinter and he should prove hard to beat.
"I also have his half-sister (by Ilovethiscity) running at Albury and she is pretty good.
"I trialled her at Wangaratta on March 6 and she was caught four-wide the entire trip and still beat them easily. She will go well on debut.
"I'll also be taking Smakatus and he is an honest type who always puts in 100 per cent.