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1. Core will not connect via Bluetooth (BT) to ANY of my phones, tablets, or computers. It WILL pair with some of these, but will not connect.
2. I was able to get through to tech. support briefly (before the call was dropped and the tech - Kathy - never called me back).
3. While on the phone with tech., she stated that there are known issues with BT on Core. This is ridiculous! BT is an old technology and should just be an off the shelf solution.
I'm about ready to send this thing back for a refund.
It may be that my Core is just "broken". Has anyone else had this issue and been able to solve it?
Which make and model are the mobile devices attempting to connect?
"Bluetooth (BLE) is available built-in on Android smart phones and tablets that come installed with Android v4.4 and later. For Apple iOS devices, BLE is available on iPhone 4S and later, iPad 3 and later, and iPod Touch 5 and later.
If you're not sure whether your mobile device supports Bluetooth BLE, check the manual of your mobile device. Alternatively, you can search online with the model number of your device."
Thanks for the quick response Torrey.
I have a Samsung S7 with Android version 7.0.
1. I have tried connecting via Bluetooth (BT) to the core with my "Nearby device scanning" setting in both the on and the off positions. Which position should it be in?
2. In both cases my cell phone is literally within 6 inches of the Core while trying to connect. Is that close enough for BLE?
3. Is there a way to do this through the USB ports instead?
4. Is it necessary to have the Ethernet connected to the Core just to establish the BT connection? Or can I work on getting the BT to work first and then try the Internet part of the setup. I'm asking because if I proceed with the setup (even though my S7 never indicates it's connect via BT) the setup eventually fails as "Internet connection error". I'm not sure if one has to do with the other, maybe I have another independent issue with the Ethernet part as well.
5. The Core BT name appears to be Rover_3f6f1a. Does that sound like the right device name for a Core BT? I assume that's the Core since I have never seen that name before in my BT paired devices list.
I used my older Samsung S5 Active with BLE and it worked fine through several installs/resets. The phone also needs an active Internet (not Ethernet) connection through your carrier for install/setup/reset to work.
Yes, my phone has an active Internet (cellular) connection. Also, Samsung user guide says that the S7 supports BLE.
I was asking if my Core must be connected to the Internet (through Ethernet) in order to get the BT from my cell phone to connect to the Core BT. It doesn't seem like that should matter just to get BT working, but I'm at the grasping at straws part of this en devour, so I thought I'd ask.


This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning, EC-TEL 2012, held in Saarbrücken, Germany, in September 2012. The 26 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 130 submissions. The book also includes 12 short papers, 16 demonstration papers, 11 poster papers, and 1 invited paper. Specifically, the programme and organizing structure was formed through the themes: mobile learning and context; serious and educational games; collaborative learning; organisational and workplace learning; learning analytics and retrieval; personalised and adaptive learning; learning environments; academic learning and context; and, learning facilitation by semantic means.


text:
New Book | Materializing Gender in Eighteenth-Century Europe
Posted in books by Editor on August 17, 2016
From Routledge:
Jennifer Germann and Heidi Strobel, eds., Materializing Gender in Eighteenth-Century Europe (New York: Routledge, 2016), 240 pages, ISBN: 978-1472456311, $150.
Art history has enriched the study of material culture as a scholarly field. This interdisciplinary volume enhances this literature through the contributors' engagement with gender as the conceptual locus of analysis in terms of femininity, masculinity, and the spaces in between. Collectively, these essays by art historians and museum professionals argue for a more complex understanding of the relationship between objects and subjects in gendered terms. The objects under consideration range from the quotidian to the exotic, including beds, guns, fans, needle paintings, prints, drawings, mantillas, almanacs, reticules, silver punch bowls, and collage. These material goods may have been intended to enforce and affirm gendered norms, however as the essays demonstrate, their use by subjects frequently put normative formations of gender into question, revealing the impossibility of permanently fixing gender in relation to material goods, concepts, or bodies. This book will appeal to art historians, museum professionals, women's and gender studies specialists, students, and all those interested in the history of objects in everyday life.
Jennifer G. Germann is Assistant Professor of Art History, Ithaca College.
Heidi A. Strobel is Associate Professor of Art History, University of Evansville.
◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊
C O N T E N T S
Introduction: Material Culture and the Gendered Subject, Jennifer G. Germann and Heidi A. Strobel
I. Transgressive Objects
1 Men and Hunting Guns in Eighteenth-Century France, Amy Freund
2 Taste a-la-mode: Consuming Foreignness, Picturing Gender, Freya Gowrley
3 Gendered Souvenirs: Anna Amalia's Grand Tourist Vedute Fans, Christina K. Lindeman
4 Majas, Mantillas, and Marcialidad: Fashioning Identity in Late Eighteenth-Century Spain, Tara Zanardi
II. Gender and Domesticity
5 Place and Possession: Emma Hamilton at Merton, 1801–05, Amber Ludwig
6 A Gentlemen's Pursuit: Eighteenth-Century Chinoiserie Silver in Britain, Elizabeth A. Williams
7 Sexing Sovereignty: The Material Culture and Sexual Politics of Queen Marie Leszczinska's Bed, Jennifer G. Germann
III. High Art in Low Places
8 'Idleness Never Grew in My Soil': Mary Delany's Flower Collages, Gender, and the Moral Authority of 'Nature' in Eighteenth-Century England, Felicity Roberts
9 Pocket Museums: The Display of Art in Women's Almanacs during the First French Empire, Ryan Whyte
10 Stitching the Stage: Mary Linwood, Thomas Gainsborough, and the Art of Installation Embroidery, Heidi A. Strobel
« Caveat Scriptor
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Home /Andrew Yang Promises a Hologram Doctor for Every Household
entertainment17th December 2019
Andrew Yang Promises a Hologram Doctor for Every Household
Photo: Ethan Miller/Getty Images
Andrew Yang is not going to be president. The entrepreneur posts a steady 4 percent in polls of primary voters, which is enough to get him and his math pin on the debate stage, but is not enough to win him the Democratic nomination, let alone the White House. Nevertheless, he persists, and continues to roll out policy proposals. Each in their turn provides fresh affirmation that he is not suitable for high office.
Consider his new health-care plan. Announced on Monday, it backs away from Medicare for All, a policy Yang previously said he supported. But Yang is not content to merely pull a Buttigieg. He's tried to introduce his own fresh ideas, and while several are decent, the overall proposal is light on detail and high on technobabble. Yang says he wants to reduce the cost of prescriptions — great, necessary — and would "create public manufacturing facilities" to manufacture generic, or unprofitable, drugs. Also a good idea! A few other Yang proposals also satisfy long-standing demands of the reproductive-rights movement: He says he'd ensure that birth control is available over the counter, and supports the repeal of the Hyde Amendment.
But in other areas, Yang goes off the rails. "Can innovation help reduce health care costs?" he asks, and then answers his own question with a few bullet points about telehealth. He will "encourage the use of telehealth in rural areas and for mental health services." How? Ask God. Only He knows, because Yang does not explain himself. Yang's additional ideas are similarly vague. He'll invest in broadband, he says. Which is sort of implied by his initial emphasis on telehealth, because you cannot expand its use in rural areas without better broadband access.
Yang dedicates another plank in his plywood platform to expanding access to assistive technology. "Existing technologies like telehealth and emerging technology like medical AI must be leveraged to expand care," the plan says. It's not a false statement. It's just meaningless. Yang says only that he will "invest in the development and deployment of medical technology in rural areas," which tells us almost nothing about his plans. Does he have a specific technology in mind? How will he get it done? These mysteries remain unexplored.
Meanwhile he has little to say about about health insurance. He says that it is "urgent to integrate mental health care into health insurance plans," and that he'll make insurance companies cover the cost of public transport to health care for people with disabilities. Both are fine ideas, but they're patchwork solutions to much broader problems. He'll "fully cover all maternal costs," but doesn't say how. Will he force health-insurance companies to do it? How exactly will he "ensure comprehensive care includes vision and dental services?" But hey, if he becomes president at least there will be robots for all. Maybe holograms! The good people of the rural Midwest might never see a flesh and blood physician again, but really, is it even necessary? Dire circumstances call for innovative solutions.
Yang's health-care policies suffer from the same flaw that undermines the rest of his campaign. Touting his entrepreneurial background, he tries to stake out a position somewhere between the right and the left. But rather than aim for the centrist lane, as Buttigieg and Biden have done, he ends up wandering the wilderness without a map. His signature policy, a universal basic income or "freedom dividend," reflects neither the ideology of the right or of the left, though it's probably closest to the former. The basic notion of a UBI has some support both among libertarians and leftists, though they envisage its relationship to the welfare state in drastically different ways. To its leftist backers, a UBI should be an additional welfare benefit, not a replacement for benefits that already exist. Libertarians, however, perceive it as a way to cut down the size of the welfare state. Give a household a certain sum of money every month, and they won't need housing vouchers. President Yang's freedom dividend would give each American adult $1,000 a month — as long as they gave up some, but not all, welfare benefits. You could keep your food stamps, but what would happen to your other benefits? The answer isn't entirely clear, and that's largely Yang's fault. He's never fully explained which benefits a dividend recipient could keep, and which she would have to give up.
Applied to health care, Yang's vague and technocratic approach would be disastrous. The rising cost of private insurance creates an urgent need for tangible solutions. Other candidates have them: Compare Yang's proposal to those released by Senators Bernie Sanders and Elizabeth Warren, and the differences are stark. Yang wants desperately to be taken seriously as a candidate, complaining frequently that the media has ignored his campaign. But at some point, he has to earn the respect he craves, and that's difficult to manage without a clear ideology or at least a solid, evidence-backed policy idea. To date, he has neither. Fortunately for all of us, he is not going to be president. At least, not this time.
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The Problem: It becomes more difficult to help people on a site in which there is mass closing of questions. And I am disturbed that a small group of people is engaged in trying to delete permanently some of the questions I have answered. I interpret it as systematic deliberate erasure of my work.
In my opinion, things have substantially worsened over the past several months. If there seems to be no sign of change, one solution is to scale back my participation on MSE, possibly to nearly zero.
The question: Are there suggestions about alternate sites that one could contribute to? Or are there other solutions?
I haven't been here long, and I rarely follow meta. That said, I am surprised and dismayed by what I perceive to be very open hostility among several prominent users here, over something that I consider to be not particularly significant--"contributions" to a site.
No single user, no matter how high their reputation or extensive their contribution to MSE, should feel entitled to the ownership of such contributions. This site is not an academic publication. Whatever content you post here is understood to be freely given and subject to modification or deletion. If that doesn't suit you, then you are more than welcome to compile your knowledge in other, perhaps more traditional, ways. To that end, I cannot suggest any internet site that meets such a standard, for the internet is paradoxical in that, once put online, some things never go away; yet things are easily lost to intrinsic impermanence.
Regarding the nature of closure and deletion, I find that the role of MSE should not, in my view, merely be that of a homework-answering service. Questions that do not show any problem-solving effort on the part of the submitter are extremely common, and I believe that if these are not addressed in a uniform manner, such behavior becomes encouraged to the point that it will overwhelm the site entirely. One might argue that it is not our responsibility to police students and discourage them from cheating, unethical behavior, or at the very least, the failure to appreciate the value of self-learning. One might also argue that if they do not get their questions answered here, they would simply turn elsewhere (and they frequently do). But all I can say is that for my own personal conscience, I would feel ill at ease if I did not vote to close a question that I perceived as being asked in bad faith. That doesn't mean I am perfect at sorting it out, but that lack of perfect discernment does not mean an acceptable solution is to not attempt to draw a distinction at all.
And if others do not have such qualms, it is not my place to tell them that they should.
The system here is quite democratic: for the most part, each of us gets as much influence or voice as we ought to. What does not sit well with me is the idea that just because some people have very high reputation counts and a long posting history, that they can dictate to everyone else the direction this site should go--with thinly veiled threats. That, to me, seems juvenile and self-centered. We each contribute freely. That doesn't make any one person's contributions more worthy than another's. If your contributions get deleted because some users in the community are collectively deciding that this site should enforce a policy of not actively assisting parasitic behavior, that is unfortunate, but surely cannot be cause for complaint that "your" work is being lost: you cannot lose what you gave away. You are always welcome to not give away your knowledge, but to suggest in such a retaliatory fashion that you somehow "deserve" better treatment is not particularly mature.
Here is a query that finds them: My answers at risk, with your UserId pre-filled. It locates the answers that may be deleted if you-know-who downvotes them and/or the question.
There are $25$ results right now, representing $0.25\%$ of your answers. These are closed (not as duplicates), have score at most $1$, the question has score at most $1$, and there is no accepted answer.
This will add information for both the OP and for future readers. It will also set a better example for future question askers.
As you may know, moderators have access to certain statistics which aren't otherwise easily visible (though which are largely retrievable from either the SO data dumps or data.se). I have also perceived more closures and deletions than normal, so I thought I'd take a look at the data. We are asked to not share specifics (I don't know why), so these are averages.
It turns out that somewhere between 8% and 9% of posts (questions and answers together) are deleted each week this year - closer to 9% now, closer to 8% in January. Last year, It hovered between 6.5% and 7%. So there is a definite increase. To me, it feels pretty noticeable.
If the question is negatively scored, more than a month old, and there are no upvoted answers, then the Community user will delete the question automatically.
A number of users puts the question on hold. If it is not reopened in the next 5 days, the question becomes closed. Once the question is closed, 3 10k users vote to delete.
A mod uses mod superpowers to delete the question.
Issues with the first way would be decreased if more people voted. Something that I've noticed much more than closures and deletions is that the voting has not at all kept up with site growth. Unfortunately, while we can sometimes say vote early, vote often, a very small group of users reads the meta and fewer care about what they read - this is very hard to change.
The ideal resolution of the second way is for users to edit their on hold question. It gets put in a reopen queue, and users tend to be pretty liberal about reopening after any nontrivial edit from the queue. Frankly, though, users very often don't edit their question. Or if they do, they're confused - they have no idea how to approach the problem, users demand context, and they edit something in like I'm lost. What do I do?, which typically doesn't lead to reopenings.
To try to answer your actual question, Martin's Link in the comments contains every site that I know of aside from reddit and quora. I've at least looked at all of them before (and migrated here from mymathforum), and I really think MSE and MO are the best at what they do (i.e. not discussion).
A significant part (may be I'm projecting here?) of the sentiment against answering routine exercises is related to the fact that variants of the same exercise occur repeatedly. A few years back Bill Dubuque launched a campaign in favor of so called abstract duplicates: to have one sufficiently general umbrella Q/A prepared by an expert (or by community effort), and thereafter refer new entrants to that canonical answer (and otherwise close them on the spot). We have a dedicated thread for collecting near-duplicates in Meta, but it is somewhat underused, and cannot really serve well to this end. Unfortunately the campaign for abstract duplicates has also fizzled since.
One of the suggested reasons to start our own Stack Exchange Mathematics Blog was that posts there might serve in this role. That blog is in its infancy, and I have some doubts about how often visitors read it. Advertising the blog on the main site is a bit difficult. Anyway, the blog is one possible outlet for members with an overwhelming desire to teach. Right now the blog suffers from a shortage of material/authors. Together we could generate enough volume, which hopefully leads to more people reading it. This, hopefully, would in turn attract even more qualified people to contribute to the blog.
Let me start off by saying that I agree with the fact that this site should be as informative as possible, and that therefore each question should be of sufficient quality to be maintained. However, one should not forget that the main driver of this site is its users (and then especially a few high-rep users). Ideally, everyone would of course want the site to be 100% organized, but for obvious and legitimate reasons deleting questions that are of mediocre quality but that have high quality answers evokes negative emotions from exactly those high-rep users that are of such vital importance to this site. In an perfect world each question on the site is of high quality, but not being able to achieve this on every single question is always better than not having this site at all.
Now to respond to 900's latest answer in which he suggests that users edit questions which are at danger of being deleted, I have the following proposal: why does 900 (or any other person that sees a calling in upgrading the quality of the questions on this site) not edit those question himself instead of deleting them? I think this is the best compromise as it (a) satisfies high-rep users (and maintains their high quality answers) and (b) makes the questions on this site of higher quality.
Let us please try to put our personal differences aside and channel our energies into empowering this site, rather than to try to win personal battles.
...are not about math as defined in the help center.
Let's take this question as an example: it's a recent one; I voted to close, and it's my downvote on the answer there.
The question is unclear: there is no assumption of $X$ and $Y$ being independent, and without that there isn't a way to find joint PMF.
There is no indication of what the asker has difficulty with.
The independence assumption, the all-caps BINOMIAL, the incorrect statistics tag -- those things could be fixed, but ... that's a kind of boring task best left to others.
I want to answer any question I feel like answering, regardless of its quality.
I want my answers to be preserved on the site.
On Stack Exchange, you get to pick one, not both.
Is there a way that I can contribute to this site?


Though Windows 8 gaming has been criticized by the more serious PC gamer developers, most people who use a Windows operating system probably don't have a clue what Steam is. Instead, the most gaming they will do is a bit of Spider Solitaire or randomly clicking at Minesweeper.
Arkadium, a game development studio, has announced that in partnership with Microsoft Studios it has redesigned some of the classic games that traditionally come with the Windows operating system. Solitaire Collection, Minesweeper, Mahjong have all been updated for the release of Windows 8. The games have been optimized for touch screens, have new game modes, and have "customized content." A new matching game called Taptiles will also be included in Windows 8.
It looks as if Arkadium and Microsoft are bringing an element of the serious to these traditionally casual games. This begs the question: will Minesweeper with fireworks, avatars, leaderboards, and achievements really still be Minesweeper?


Eagles center Jason Kelce (62) is pondering retirement after the playoffs, according to a report. A 610 ESPN report stated that the All-Pro center was mulling retirement. However, NJ Advance Media, citing "an individual with knowledge of Kelce's thinking" said he has not made any decision about his future.
Kelce has spent his entire eight-year career with the Eagles. He was named first-team All-Pro for the second year in a row earlier this month.
Jason Kelce got together last week with Eagles teammate Nick Foles just before the Chicago Bears lined up to kick what many believed would be the winning field goal against the Eagles at Soldier Field.
Kelce told Foles, who likely is playing his last season for the Eagles, what an honor it was to play with him, just in case that field goal was good.
It wasn't, the Eagles survived and they play the New Orleans Saints in the NFC divisional round Sunday at the Superdome.
Foles, just the same, said Kelce's overture meant the world to him.
If the underdog Eagles fall to the Saints, it could be Foles thanking Kelce for all he's done.
Al Thompson, the editor and publisher of Footballstories.com, dropped a post on Facebook indicating Kelce is leaning toward retiring at the end of these playoffs for the Eagles. Thompson is well connected to Eagles offensive linemen.
Kelce, 31, is in his eighth season. The 2011 sixth-round pick out of Cincinnati, who some scouts said had a professional future as a fullback, has two years left on a contract that will pay him $6.5 million in 2019 and $7 million in 2020, according to Spotrac.com.
Kelce has battled through injuries almost every year of his career. If he stepped away from football, Isaac Seumalo likely would be the starting center. The Eagles also have Stefen Wisniewski under contract.
Kelce might not be the only Eagles veteran offensive lineman to go. Jason Peters,36, has one year left on a contract worth up to $8 million next season. The Eagles could move Lane Johnson from right to left tackle and give rugby convert Jordan Mailata (6-8, 346), a seventh-round pick, a look at one of those positions. The Eagles think Matt Pryor (6-7, 338), the sixth-round pick out of TCU, can play guard or tackle.


"Road course ringers" became a hotter-than-usual topic at Watkins Glen this weekend. When Marcos Ambrose put a surprising but incredibly clean move on Kyle Busch to win the Nationwide Series race, the offended driver and other veterans cried foul in unison.
Despite the pit road speed limit fiasco of Earnhardt Ganassi Racing and driver Juan Pablo Montoya at Indianapolis, it's likely somebody will be caught speeding in the pit lane during Sunday's Sprint Cup race at Pocono by running too fast between the nine timing loops.
Ingram: The Fall Of The House Of Hulman?
Indianapolis – The news of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway going the way of the House of Usher may be exaggerated. But in the season of celebrating the 100th year since the gates first opened at America's biggest and best known racing facility, these are trying times.
Indianapolis – Jimmie Johnson won the Brickyard 400 by a narrow margin over Mark Martin, but it will be remembered as the race Juan Pablo Montoya lost.
Indianapolis – When he smiles, Mark Martin's face has more wrinkles than the NASCAR rulebook.


Scientists conduct experiments to find new knowledge. Engineers apply knowledge of science, technology, math, and the arts to solve problems. 4-H Makers learn about engineering design by taking on challenges, building prototypes, then looking for ways to improve on their designs. 4-H Maker programs facilitate an experiential learning process. Young Makers seek answers, rather than being given answers. In the experiential learning process the Maker becomes a facilitator for learning and becomes a co-learner.
4-H Makers believe in a positive youth development setting. Positive outcomes are the result of providing opportunities, choices, and support necessary for youth to fully participate. 4-H programming focuses on giving youth developmentally appropriate opportunities. Youth should have the opportunity to experience life skills, practice these skills and use them throughout life.
The Virginia 4-H STEM Programming Model reminds us to begin with the end in mind and develop intentional, outcome based programming. Dr. Kathleen Jamison, Extension Specialist with 4-H Youth Development has provided a 4-H Resource Guide available for download (pdf). 4-H Virginia extends the Maker model into the field of invention. Time to Invent is an afterschool program with hands-on STEM learning activities for young inventors.
Hanover 4-H Makers currently supports maker workshops and makerspaces in four Hanover County Public Schools. The program focuses on science, technology, engineering, math, and the arts for elementary and middle schools. 4-H Makers encourages participation by young women, minorities, special education, special needs, and other youth who may develop an interest in science and technology fields.


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Dapper Dans sing from home and take requests…
Dapper Dans sing from home and take requests during Disneyland's coronavirus closure
A new 2-minute video posted to YouTube by Disneyland shows 16 Dapper Dans harmonizing from their living rooms and at-home recording studios while Disney's Anaheim theme parks are closed through the end of March amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Dapper Dans barbershop quartet sing and dance on Main Street U.S.A. at Disneyland. They can frequently be found at the Coca Cola Refreshment Corner singing alongside the Ragtime Piano. (Photo by Mark Eades, Orange County Register/SCNG)
PUBLISHED: March 25, 2020 at 1:09 p.m. | UPDATED: March 25, 2020 at 1:18 p.m.
The temporary closure of Disneyland won't keep the Dapper Dans barbershop quartet from bringing the sounds of Main Street U.S.A. to everyone stuck at home during the coronavirus outbreak.
SEE ALSO: Disneyland halts construction during coronavirus closure
The Dapper Dans barbershop quartet is a regular fixture on Disneyland's Main Street U.S.A. that harmonizes on Disney songs while playing chimes, tap dancing and regaling audiences with vaudeville wit.
The first-of-its-kind at-home a cappella song by the Dapper Dans is part of a series of #VoicesFromHome performances planned by the Disneyland cast members.
SEE ALSO: Disneyland Dapper Day event plans summer 'encore' due to coronavirus outbreak
The first song on the Dapper Dans' playlist: "When You Wish Upon a Star" from "Pinnochio." The hextet of singers — or should we say quartet of quartets or duet of octets — finished the video segment with a 20-second rendition of their "So Long" song.
The at-home cast of Disneyland Dans recorded their individual parts from across Southern California. There were Orange County Dans in Anaheim, Huntington Beach, Yorba Linda and Costa Mesa along with Los Angeles County Dans in Burbank, West Hollywood, Long Beach and Monrovia as well as Inland Empire Dans from Murrieta and Moreno Valley.
There were even Dapper Dans singing virtually from Hayward in the Bay Area and as far away as Houston, Texas.
SEE ALSO: Disney's coronavirus closures could cost $500 million in lost theme park admission revenue
More Disney favorites sung by the virtual Dapper Dans are on the way — and as they say in the video, no request is too extreme.
An online poll lets fans vote for the next song on the playlist and there's room in the comments section to make further suggestions. So far, "Grim Grinning Ghosts" and "Disney Medley" are far outdistancing "When I See an Elephant Fly" in early online voting.
Other ditties in the Dans' songbook include "Zip-a-Dee Doo Dah," "Yankee Doodle Dandy," "Mr. Sandman" and "If You're Happy and You Know It."


Taking the lead in the fight for a healthier African American community, Black Health Village is promoting a new initiative called OPERATION B-HEALTHY.
"We want to lend awareness to the benefits of living a healthy lifestyle and make it something that the whole family can do," said Founder Imani Sankofa.
OPERATION B-HEALTHY will start by educating through our website with important information and videos that people can access. We will also promote our OPERATION B-HEALTHY tshirt that will let others know that you are committed to changing your lifestyle and choosing to live life on your own terms.
"The choice to support the Crohn's & Colitis Foundation was easy because my daughter is an overcomer of Crohn's and this is our way of giving back and supporting others," said Sankofa.


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El saltarín cabecinaranja (Pipra aureola), también denominado saltarín cabecianaranjado (en Venezuela) o saltarín de cabeza naranja, es una especie de ave paseriforme perteneciente al género Pipra de la familia Pipridae. Es nativo del norte de Sudamérica.

Distribución y hábitat
Se distribuye desde el noreste de Venezuela, por Guyana, Surinam y Guayana francesa hasta la parte oriental de la Amazonia brasileña.
Es incomún  en el sotobosque de selvas de várzea y bosques pantanosos abajo de los 300  de altitud.

Sistemática

Descripción original
La especie P. aureola fue descrita por primera vez por el naturalista sueco Carolus Linnaeus en 1758 bajo el nombre científico Parus aureola; localidad tipo «algún lugar de Sudamérica, cerca de la línea equinoccial" = Surinam».

Taxonomía
Es pariente cercana a Pipra fasciicauda y P. filicauda, con quienes forma una superespecie, las tres reemplazando una a la otra geográficamente. Pipra heterocerca es un híbrido entre la presente y P. filicauda. Aparentemente ha hibridado también con Heterocercus linteatus (forma híbrida descrita como Pipra anomala).

Subespecies
Según la clasificación del Congreso Ornitológico Internacional (IOC) y Clements Checklist v.2015, se reconocen 4 subespecies, con su correspondiente distribución geográfica:

 Pipra aureola aureola (, 1758) - este de Venezuela, las Guayanas y noreste de Brasil.
 Pipra aureola flavicollis , 1851 - región medio amazónica de Brasil.
 Pipra aureola aurantiicollis , 1925 - región medio amazónica baja en el oeste de Pará (Brasil).
 Pipra aureola borbae , 1936 - a lo largo del río Madeira, en Brasil.

Referencias

Bibliografía
  (1963) The display of the Orange-headed Manakin. Condor 65(1)

Enlaces externos

 Videos, fotos y sonidos de Pipra aureola en The Internet Bird Collection.
 Sonidos y mapa de distribución de Pipra aureola en xeno-canto.
 Fotos y sonidos de Pipra aureola en Wikiaves.

Aureola
Aves de América del Sur
Animales descritos en 1758

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Review — LAST BEST HOPE: America in Crisis and Renewal by George Packer (Togo)
Rich Wandschneider
Thanks for the kind words. And interesting that one of our new Justices is a Westerner who has some grasp…
Last Best Hope: America in Crisis and Renewal
by George Packer (Togo 1982-83)
$27.00 (Hardback); $13.99 (Kindle); $7.95 (Audiobook)
Reviewed by Marnie Mueller (Ecuador 1963-65)
I immediately said yes when I was asked to review George Packer's new book, Last Best Hope: America in Crisis and Renewal, a self-described political pamphlet in a long-form essay, not unlike Thomas Paine's Common Sense and other such books, written in a period of change, about that very change. Written for the moment, the authors' hopes are that they will lead us out of our urgent predicament and tell us something we can use in the future.
I remembered that Packer had been a signee of the famous or some would say infamous "Harper's Magazine Letter," in which established writers and artists wrote A Letter on Justice and Open Debate, decrying the fact that in our fight "for greater equality and inclusion across our society," we seem to be going a step too far in the process and have "intensified a new set of moral attitudes and political commitments that tend to weaken our norms of open debate and toleration of differences in favor of ideological conformity," or as another signee described it, "the unforgiving nature of our current moment." The complaints and objections to the letter and its signers were that they were the elite who had made it in the big time and to complain about the tactics of those who were banging on the doors of the gatekeepers, simply fed and shored up the racism, sexism, and gender institutional bias, keeping them out.
In interviews about his current book, Packer's stated goal is to somehow find a way we as Americans can talk with each other again. A modest goal, but in this current post-Trump era, a seemingly insurmountable task. Before cracking the spine of the book, I wanted to know more about Packer and why, as I'd heard rumblings, he had taken both the right and left to task. I turned to his earlier memoir, The Blood of the Liberals, a history of political liberalism, told through his own family's personal, psychological, ethnic, religious, class, and intellectual life.
What I found was a person whose background was in many ways uncannily similar to my own, though almost a generation apart. He was half Jewish and half Christian, a "mutt", as my mother would say when I asked her what I was. On his mother's side, Alabama Christian, Southern Populist liberal, with a grandfather who as a legislator was brave in his liberalism, but who would swing more conservative as time went on when confronted with racial issues, and segregationist pressures during the Civil Rights era. On his paternal side, a Jewish immigrant background, his father rose from working class to middle class through intellectual and meritorious achievements. Both our fathers were associated with Stanford and both had run into trouble with the increasingly conservative culture of that institution of "higher learning," as they attempted to rise in America through its proffered merit and prestige.
I had found an author, who seemed to straddle and be deeply informed by the various strands of completing entities in our country.
In a way, like Obama, and others of us of mixed marriages and heritages, in a politically committed family, Packer's view of political America, was influenced and informed by the need, or the gift of knowing two sides to the nth degree of the complicated and often competing nature of our democracy's equation and wanting to find some sort of synthesis and détente. Thus, we have his attempt to bring Americans together, even excavating in the process what we hold in common that makes us American.
In Last Best Hope: America in Crisis and Renewal, Packer brilliantly sets out to address what James Baldwin described as our tangled American problem: "In the same way that to become a social human being one modifies and suppresses and, ultimately, without great courage, lies to oneself about all one's interior, uncharted chaos, so have we, as a nation, modified or suppressed and lied about all the darker forces in our history."
Packer divides us into four Americas as he proceeds to unravel the conundrum. As I read, I thought, why do I have to endure revisiting this troubling time we'd just been through. But soon I saw the method to his proposition. He needed to begin at the confusing, maddening moment when the government, as headed by Trump and his associates, utterly failed to protect Americans, or as Packer writes, "There was no national plan for dealing with the greatest threat of our lives." It was not a time when we were encouraged to come together to fight the invisible enemy, but rather we were manipulated, by a leader who loved to pit people one against another, which culminated in a "strange defeat," or as some have said, a Cold Civil War.
Packer's breaks his thesis down to Four Americas:
FREE AMERICA is Reagan's America of low taxes, limited government, and low regulation.
SMART AMERICA is open to some of the terms of Free America: to free trade, immigration, globalization, the value of education, belief in meritocracy, and in a dominant educated class of people.
REAL AMERICA is a form of rebellion in that it is anti-elite, in particular anti-costal-elites, as in Sarah Palin's positioning of supporting the "real people," encompassing manual workers, farmers, miners, etc. In Trump's version, it is a Populist vision encompassing ethnonationalism, and pushing for the tax bill for the rich. In earlier forms it was George Wallace's white supremacy as well as the countervailing progressive populist position of William Jennings Bryan's Cross of Gold Speech at the Democratic National Convention of 1896.
JUST AMERICA is another rebellion in that it takes stands against the meritocracy of Smart America, seeing it as a failed promise, describing America as ultimately a caste system, with the underpinning of structural racism, which keeps underserved citizens of color and ethnicity out of the meritocracy running.
Packer doesn't want to live in any of these narratives, especially in their purest forms, because each in its own way abuses democracy in that it divides us into seemingly irreconcilable tribes, with increasingly rigid, uncompromising stands. In his analysis, our common ground as a people and a nation has disappeared. This brings us back to why he, a man schooled in Liberalism from an early age, who remains a progressive, signed onto the Harper Magazine letter, casting blame on those of Just America who have gone too far in their censoring of voices in art, literature, and journalism.
He posits that we have to find a common ground if we're to survive, starting with who we are as Americans, what differentiates us from other nation states. It's rather touching how he tries to bring to light what our national characteristics are. He looks to Tocqueville's description of our passion for equality, which Parker thinks we've failed at, but that at least we still have our passion, our openness, inclusiveness, our loud voices, and casualness with waiters, so different from Europeans or Latin Americans. Reading this feels like grasping at straws, but one wants to go along with him as he leads us to his proscriptive needs for creating a Fifth category, an EQUAL AMERICA, one where we work toward equality of opportunity, not just hard and fast equal results and as a people where we re-learn the arc of self-government.
This is where it gets a little wooly for the reader as one lives in the total mess and daily hardening divisions of our current political and moral life. His prescriptive ideas feel utopian in their progressive wish list of a national safety net, empowerment of workers, of using the government to fight against monopolies that take away ordinary citizens economic freedom, of not supporting public schools through a local tax-base where rich, primarily white neighborhoods, always get the better-funded schools. He calls for a civics education that teaches children how to think critically and supports national service for all (he's a former Peace Corps Volunteer) because it's an experience a young American will never have again. He even supports the goal of patriotism as a basic attachment to where you live, "the glue that holds us together," as opposed to nationalism that leads to the sins of exceptionalism, hegemony, protectionism, and discrimination against the "other."
In the end the most interesting aspect of his analysis of where we've gone wrong, and in this I mean to say where we, the promulgators of a JUST AMERICA, have gone wrong in our means to that end, is in the belief that with the net of meritocracy we will all rise to be equal; but as he posits, the reality is that we've created an overabundance of elites and, in the process, left behind too many people merely riding the purported wave of rising expectations with no real possibility of grabbing the brass ring. This leads us back to the metaphoric and real tensions evinced from the signing of the Harper Magazine letter, between those who've made it and those who can't seem to get through the gates into a Just America whether it be as manual laborers, as miners and farmers, as intellectuals, as artists, as mothers and fathers, and as politicians.
George Parker really does want to find a way for Americans, for us, to talk without killing each other. It's a noble wish, and he does go a long way with his stunning, synthesizing prose to parse a clarifying path through the complicated forest of where we've gone wrong. Last Best Hope: America in Crisis and Renewal is a sincere and worthy contribution to the canon of political pamphleteering and analysis. One does find some hope in his attempt to save America from itself. As such, I highly recommend the current book as well as his memoir The Blood of the Liberals, which informs his personal passion for putting America back together again.
Marnie Mueller (Ecuador 1963-65), is the daughter of political progressives who went to work in the FDR era Farm Security Camp for dislocated Dust Bowl farmers, featured at the end of Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath, and who later worked in the Tule Lake Japanese American High Security camp during WWII. Mueller is the author of three novels: Green Fires, The Climate of the Country, and My Mother's Island, published by Curbstone Press, and currently in-print with Northwestern University Press. She is a winner of the Maria Thomas Prize for Fiction, an American Book Award, The New York Times New and Noteworthy in Paperback, and Barnes and Noble Discover Great New Writers, and the Marian Haley Beil Award for Best Book Review in 2020.
Dick Lipez says:
Such a thoughtful review of such a thoughtful, difficult, useful book.
Marnie, I didn't know about your parents' background. I want to recommend CLARK AND DIVISION, a novel by Naomi Hirahara, out in August. I just read it for a review. It's about one Japanese-American family caught up in the post-Pearl Harbor racist hysteria, stripped of their good lives in Los Angeles, placed in a grim internment camp, and later relocated to Chicago, which had a wartime labor shortage. It's superior fiction about a great crime.
Marnie Mueller says:
Dear Dick, Yes, my parents went to work in the Tule Lake Camp. My mother was six months pregnant with me, thus I was born there! Thanks for the heads-up about CLARK AND DIVISION. I look forward to reading it. All best, Marnie
Matt Losak (Lesotho, '85-'87) says:
Marnie, I second Dick's compliment. A great review. While I agree with most everything in Packer's brilliant piece, especially the need to restore social consensus through national service, we have not focused enough on the obvious fix.
The United States, indeed every country and community on earth has a bottom: the poor, ignorant, gullible, bigoted, racist, xenophobic, selfish, those prone to conspiracies and fundamentalism of every stripe. So, what has changed? For the first time in human history, we have an explosion of communications inter connectivity through the internet, social media, cell phones and computers, Zoom and hundreds of cable channels. Responsible journalism aside, we have seen how this communications phenomenon has empowered those who would have been naturally sieved into tamer places through society's formal and informal institutions.
But the communications explosion has empowered these forces to a degree never seen before in our country or the world. During times of crisis in the U.S. (think WWll) our government didn't think twice about censoring dangerous information. We have a Federal Communications Commission that is empowered to regulate public airways. Yet now we now have unbridled communications spewing lies and distortions at an unprecedented rate. It is far too great a risk to believe that society can socialize out of the power of these lies in a time frame that ensures our democracy will hold fast. We must reign in these forces by responsibly censoring "free speech" and holding the mass purveyors of lies accountable. We can't defend first amendment rights the way the gun lobby defends the second.
Jeremiah Norris, Colombia 1963-65 says:
Marnie, great thanks for doing this book review and informing many readers of George Packer's excellent research into the American experience. His fine analysis of our country's 'Last Best Hope' would have been more complete had there been some coverage of the fact that from 1620 – 1776, we were a colony of Great Britain. In that time period, Portuguese, English, French and Danish slave traders inculcated into our nation's cultural fabric a stain which slowed our progress towards a more perfect union, resulting today in tribal responses rather than unity. Yet, these enabling nations bear no responsibility today. With some of the original signors of the Declaration of Independence still alive in 1808, our Congress did mange to pass an Act to Prohibit the Importation of slaves to the U.S., though they could be traded between States.
Is there any other nation in recorded history that has been as magnanimous when defeating Nazism, Fascism, a Militaristic Japan in less than four years, yet rather than being a conquering nation, we brought each of them back into the community of democratic nations? Then, when the entire continent of Europe was in rags after WW II, we initiated the Marshall Plan, bringing them back into competitive national environments.
The strides we take toward a more perfect union are festooned with speed bumps and George Packard has expressed them quite well.
Patricia Edmisten says:
An insightful review, Marnie, of a book that offers much to digest. The question that repeatedly pushes to the forefront in my mind regards the tsunami of selfish, tribal, hateful and even violent behavior in a multitude of Americans as a result of Trump's bulldozing of the truth. It's easy and justifiable to implicate social media and the lack of critical thinking among Trump's followers, but there's something else we're having trouble naming. Perhaps Trump unleashed in the unguarded the urge to metaphorically burn a witch, stone a woman, shatter the window of a Jewish shop owner, or hang a black man. What was his black magic? Such an ostensibly stupid man. Maybe I've answered my own question with the eternal one: Why is there evil?
Patricia Edmisten, Peru, 1962-64
I apologize, in advance, for the length of this comment, but I did not know how else to reply to Packer and his important essay.
I appreciate the comments and certainly Marnie Mueller's fine review, but I cannot relate to George Packer's analysis. My country spoiled me. I was grew up in its Golden Age from 1941 to November 22, 1963. These were the special elements which made for a Golden Age, in my opinion: The Draft, the Legal System and the men who had seen war and tried to stop it.
I was four when my Dad came home from WWII. I told him I did not want him to go to THE war, any more. He told me that if I wanted to stop wars, I had to treat everyone the same and
always stand up for what I believe. It was the same message all my cohorts, the horribly misnamed "silent generation"got.
My country gave me another gift. I am an army brat and I grew up in an intergrated multiracial community. In 1948, President Truman in an incredibly courageous political act, integrated the military with an Executive Order. He did that when his Democratic Party was split in two over the issue of segregation. He then trusted the American people and ran and won on that platform. Truman had served in WWI.
The Draft had been activated in 1940, but it was not until after the summer of 1948, that all men, of whatever racial, ethnic, and/or religious bacgrounds, were treated equally. Most men were drafted or volunteered for the military. It was a shared experience among men. My father, career military, said, "The reason GIs were all buddies is they had a commonn enemy: The US Army".
The huge Army posts were in the South. When soldiers went into southern towns, white soldiers saw their Black buddies, in the same uniform, serving the same country, denied the right to sit in a restaurant or anyplace on a bus or use the nearest restroom or water fountain. I believe those white soldiers thought instinctively "That's not fair." I think that cry is the real heart of America. I believe most of these white soldiers helped get civil rights legislation passed in 1964 and 1965. It was basically from 1953 to 1965 a peace time military.
The Draft had another important component: The GI Bill gave Veterans the building blocks for entry into the middle class: A fully funded education and means to buy a house w/o a down payment. Non white veterans received those benefits, but faced barriers. Areas were "red lined" and only whites could buy houses in the better neighborhoods. Those white Members of Packer's Real America and Just America had a path to economic advancement.
Many of our "finest" educational institutions remained segregated. But little by little those barriers were eliminated, but not in time for so many.
Then came Vietnam. The reason for that war was not clear. Suddenly, men were being drafted at 18, sent to Vietnam at 19, were dead at 20, and never lived to be allowed to vote at 21. "That's not fair." Men with means could get deferments. Poor men could not. That also was not fair. There were mass protests against the war, and I believe, against the Draft.
Politicans looked at the hugh Baby Boomer generation and in record time, the 26th amendment setting the voting age at 18 was passed by 1971 and the Draft was virtually gone by 1973.
Now the miitary was voluntary, but the horrible memories of Vietnam kept many away.
And the GI Bill for so many Americans and its universal education and housing benefits was no longer the path to economic success for members of Packer's Real and Just America.
The US legal syetem gave people who felt they were being treated unfairly, a non-violent way to seek redress. The courts and the vote gave all citizens a chance. It may be slow, but as
MLK said: "The arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends toward justice."
Finally, the men who saw war and tried to stop it were in charge of our country during that
Golden time. As Jerry Norris reminds us with the Marshall Plan "Is there any other nation in recorded history that has been as magnanimous when defeating Nazism, Fascism, a Militaristic Japan in less than four years, yet rather than being a conquering nation, we brought each of them back into the community of democratic nations?" Peace Corps I believe was also the creation of such men and it persists.
Packer describes our divided country brilliantly. I tried to show my opinion of how we got here. Packer wants us to "talk to each other". But there is no longer a common experience that many share to even begin a common conversation. There is absolutely no common platform which encourages public debate.
Broadcast TV and Radio are dependent on the public airwaves which are supposed to belong to all of us. The Fairness Doctrine dictated that media on the the public airwaves had to air both sides of an issue, fairly. The Fairness Doctrine was eliminated by the Reagan Administration. And the courts held, as Matt Losak described "we have an explosion of communications inter connectivity through the internet, social media, cell phones and computers, Zoom and hundreds of cable channels."
AM radio is the captive of the "conservatives" and has between 20 and 30 million listeners, daily. There is virtually no "counterpoint". I wanted the Democrats in Colorado to demand a voice on those radio stations only to present the "other side." There was only one Democratic
official who agreed with me. She also was a Joanne, born in 1941. But her early years were
spent in Camp Granada War Relocation Center in Colorado. She and her parents are American citizens, of Japanese background, interred during WWII.
I lived safely my whole life and was never subjected to the injustices that Joanne and her family endured. But, my high school was Nurnberg American High School. Our teachers never stopped admonishing us, "never again, never again." I think Joanne and I shared the same alarming concerns. But no one else did. I was advised to just "turn off the radio."
Rich Wandschneider says:
I enjoyed the summary of Packer's book. I've read and liked him in the past–and should read this book. But maybe I won't. I think what he and most Americans miss is a different America, one different not only in degree, but in kind. An America where the common good is important, an America where old Indian ways of relating to the land–being of the land rather than owners of the land–are being revived. It skirts and has bits of his four Americas, but is its own America.
I just finished Simon Winchester's book, Land: How the Hunger for Ownership Shaped the Modern World. In America we are still at the far spectrum of individual ownership (I can shoot you if you come on my property, even if you are a paperboy and did so not out of malice, but by mistake or confusion). Scandinavia has always had more room for "the common," meaning ownership of land does not mean that others cannot walk on it, "trespass" on it.
In America we are still at land is a "commodity" in the production process; even our homes are our individual wealth generators–white more than black or brown, sparking cries for a more just economic system.
Meanwhile, Native Deb Haaland is at Interior and the graves at boarding schools are being turned over. There are scores of new historians and journalists exploring the slavery-wedded past of Indian Removal, Texas and the Alamo; attempts to "extirpate" Native Americans from our earliest days are documented; and a new book about Marcus Whitman explores the disasters of Indian conversion and false claims and lies about "saving" the Oregon Country from the British. We are learning about slavery as bedrock in our elite colleges, but hear less about the appropriation of Indian lands for our Land Grant colleges.
Ojibwe writer David Treuer calls for the return of ALL national parks to an Indian consortium. And while private fire departments are protecting private property in California, serious people in the fire business are looking to Indians for guidance on managing all lands with fire; others are looking to Indian ways for managing water and securing fisheries into the future.
The late historian of American Indians, Alvin M. Josephy, Jr., said that Indians are the only ones in America still capable of "group think," of putting the tribe ahead of the pursuit of individual health and wealth. The ongoing pandemic experience says something about our national inability to muster thinking beyond our immediate personal desires.
Packer and many other historians and analysts look hard at founding documents and notions of freedom, equality, and justice. But, typically among our educated elites, the Indian stories, their resilience and survival and means of doing so, are minimized or forgotten completely.
I think this is an important and powerful observation. Thank you. Do you have an opinion on SCOTUS's recent decision returning Indian
lands in Oklahoma to the jurisdiction of Indian Tribes?
Thanks for the kind words. And interesting that one of our new Justices is a Westerner who has some grasp of Indians and Indian lands. I know little of Oklahoma, the place to which we shoved thousands of Indians from east of the Mississippi during Indian Removal (See Unworthy Republic by Claudio Saunt; it will make your head spin). But the layers of tribal governments, city, county, and state government will make jurisdiction very very complicated. The good thing is that Indians are now part of the conversation, and I believe will get a much fairer hearing as the real world practices of governance are carried out. The days when tribes are not parties to importtant discussions, especially on natural resource issues, are over. And it is not just old legal claims. Majority management of natural resources–water, fire, earth and air–has put us in the fix we're in. Again, I do not know Oklahoma, but check the Yuroks in California for an uplifting story. And thanks again!


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Richard (Dick) Saxton
Vale Richard (Dick) Saxton
Wilkes 63
Richard (Dick) Saxton, OIC Wilkes 1963, died in hospital last Sunday the 27th of Feb, after a long illness.
The funeral arrangements are:
On Saturday the 5th of March at 2.30 pm.
At the United Church, Toorak Road Camberwell. One block to the East from Burke Road and on the corner of Park Road and Toorak Road. Melways Map 59 J5
The Saxton family have requested that instead of a wreath of flowers, they would prefer you direct your donation to a charity, one that maybe exemplifies Dick's character.
Joan Saxton and her son Clive have asked me to deliver a eulogy on behalf of his ANARE connections. In my dialogue I will be making it known how passionate Dick was for his ANARE Club, for , as well as serving two 2 year terms as President, he has an outstanding record of 30 continuous years serving on the Council of the ANARE Club, 1974 – 2004.
Regards Ray McMahon
This was posted on 1 March 2011
https://www.anareclub.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/ANARE-Club-logo-Web-1.png 0 0 anareoffice https://www.anareclub.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/ANARE-Club-logo-Web-1.png anareoffice2020-07-24 23:21:512020-07-24 23:21:51Richard (Dick) Saxton
Mike Cosgrove Russel Pardoe


Do you remember the moment when God saved you? For many it is very low-key, perhaps the result of a private conversation during Vacation Bible School as a child or a chat with a counselor at summer camp as an adolescent. For others, it's big and emotional and public, often times because of the nature of the life they have lived up to that point.
Whatever the circumstance, that moment is equally powerful and equally transformative, and God can bring it about anywhere and whenever He wants so long as the Spirit moves through the proclamation of the gospel. It is a moment you will never forget.
Now, imagine wrestling with God!
Even though God had called Jacob much earlier, the patriarch's encounter with the living God in Genesis 32 is a decisive moment in his life. It is one that he will not soon forget either, as God endows him with a physical reminder of the event.
At Peniel, Jacob realizes that not only is God faithful in making and keeping His promises but He is gracious as well.
Jacob has prevailed not because of any inherent righteousness in himself but because God has graciously preserved him, that through him God might accomplish His sovereign purposes.
Given the context, this knowledge of God's gracious preservation will be invaluable to Jacob as he faces Esau, the brother he cheated.
God saves and transforms each us to be used in some specific way to further His Kingdom through advancing the gospel. Whether or not that moment was explosive to you, it should be unforgettable, because God's calling you to salvation was an act of pure grace. His transforming you into the likeness of His Son for His glory is amazing and yet undeserved.
His gracious preservation will hold until His will in our lives is complete.


text:
#include <aws/glue/model/S3CsvSource.h>
#include <aws/core/utils/json/JsonSerializer.h>

#include <utility>

using namespace Aws::Utils::Json;
using namespace Aws::Utils;

namespace Aws
{
namespace Glue
{
namespace Model
{

S3CsvSource::S3CsvSource() :
    m_nameHasBeenSet(false),
    m_pathsHasBeenSet(false),
    m_compressionType(CompressionType::NOT_SET),
    m_compressionTypeHasBeenSet(false),
    m_exclusionsHasBeenSet(false),
    m_groupSizeHasBeenSet(false),
    m_groupFilesHasBeenSet(false),
    m_recurse(false),
    m_recurseHasBeenSet(false),
    m_maxBand(0),
    m_maxBandHasBeenSet(false),
    m_maxFilesInBand(0),
    m_maxFilesInBandHasBeenSet(false),
    m_additionalOptionsHasBeenSet(false),
    m_separator(Separator::NOT_SET),
    m_separatorHasBeenSet(false),
    m_escaperHasBeenSet(false),
    m_quoteChar(QuoteChar::NOT_SET),
    m_quoteCharHasBeenSet(false),
    m_multiline(false),
    m_multilineHasBeenSet(false),
    m_withHeader(false),
    m_withHeaderHasBeenSet(false),
    m_writeHeader(false),
    m_writeHeaderHasBeenSet(false),
    m_skipFirst(false),
    m_skipFirstHasBeenSet(false),
    m_optimizePerformance(false),
    m_optimizePerformanceHasBeenSet(false),
    m_outputSchemasHasBeenSet(false)
{
}

S3CsvSource::S3CsvSource(JsonView jsonValue) :
    m_nameHasBeenSet(false),
    m_pathsHasBeenSet(false),
    m_compressionType(CompressionType::NOT_SET),
    m_compressionTypeHasBeenSet(false),
    m_exclusionsHasBeenSet(false),
    m_groupSizeHasBeenSet(false),
    m_groupFilesHasBeenSet(false),
    m_recurse(false),
    m_recurseHasBeenSet(false),
    m_maxBand(0),
    m_maxBandHasBeenSet(false),
    m_maxFilesInBand(0),
    m_maxFilesInBandHasBeenSet(false),
    m_additionalOptionsHasBeenSet(false),
    m_separator(Separator::NOT_SET),
    m_separatorHasBeenSet(false),
    m_escaperHasBeenSet(false),
    m_quoteChar(QuoteChar::NOT_SET),
    m_quoteCharHasBeenSet(false),
    m_multiline(false),
    m_multilineHasBeenSet(false),
    m_withHeader(false),
    m_withHeaderHasBeenSet(false),
    m_writeHeader(false),
    m_writeHeaderHasBeenSet(false),
    m_skipFirst(false),
    m_skipFirstHasBeenSet(false),
    m_optimizePerformance(false),
    m_optimizePerformanceHasBeenSet(false),
    m_outputSchemasHasBeenSet(false)
{
  *this = jsonValue;
}

S3CsvSource& S3CsvSource::operator =(JsonView jsonValue)
{
  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("Name"))
  {
    m_name = jsonValue.GetString("Name");

    m_nameHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("Paths"))
  {
    Array<JsonView> pathsJsonList = jsonValue.GetArray("Paths");
    for(unsigned pathsIndex = 0; pathsIndex < pathsJsonList.GetLength(); ++pathsIndex)
    {
      m_paths.push_back(pathsJsonList[pathsIndex].AsString());
    }
    m_pathsHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("CompressionType"))
  {
    m_compressionType = CompressionTypeMapper::GetCompressionTypeForName(jsonValue.GetString("CompressionType"));

    m_compressionTypeHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("Exclusions"))
  {
    Array<JsonView> exclusionsJsonList = jsonValue.GetArray("Exclusions");
    for(unsigned exclusionsIndex = 0; exclusionsIndex < exclusionsJsonList.GetLength(); ++exclusionsIndex)
    {
      m_exclusions.push_back(exclusionsJsonList[exclusionsIndex].AsString());
    }
    m_exclusionsHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("GroupSize"))
  {
    m_groupSize = jsonValue.GetString("GroupSize");

    m_groupSizeHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("GroupFiles"))
  {
    m_groupFiles = jsonValue.GetString("GroupFiles");

    m_groupFilesHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("Recurse"))
  {
    m_recurse = jsonValue.GetBool("Recurse");

    m_recurseHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("MaxBand"))
  {
    m_maxBand = jsonValue.GetInteger("MaxBand");

    m_maxBandHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("MaxFilesInBand"))
  {
    m_maxFilesInBand = jsonValue.GetInteger("MaxFilesInBand");

    m_maxFilesInBandHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("AdditionalOptions"))
  {
    m_additionalOptions = jsonValue.GetObject("AdditionalOptions");

    m_additionalOptionsHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("Separator"))
  {
    m_separator = SeparatorMapper::GetSeparatorForName(jsonValue.GetString("Separator"));

    m_separatorHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("Escaper"))
  {
    m_escaper = jsonValue.GetString("Escaper");

    m_escaperHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("QuoteChar"))
  {
    m_quoteChar = QuoteCharMapper::GetQuoteCharForName(jsonValue.GetString("QuoteChar"));

    m_quoteCharHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("Multiline"))
  {
    m_multiline = jsonValue.GetBool("Multiline");

    m_multilineHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("WithHeader"))
  {
    m_withHeader = jsonValue.GetBool("WithHeader");

    m_withHeaderHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("WriteHeader"))
  {
    m_writeHeader = jsonValue.GetBool("WriteHeader");

    m_writeHeaderHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("SkipFirst"))
  {
    m_skipFirst = jsonValue.GetBool("SkipFirst");

    m_skipFirstHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("OptimizePerformance"))
  {
    m_optimizePerformance = jsonValue.GetBool("OptimizePerformance");

    m_optimizePerformanceHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("OutputSchemas"))
  {
    Array<JsonView> outputSchemasJsonList = jsonValue.GetArray("OutputSchemas");
    for(unsigned outputSchemasIndex = 0; outputSchemasIndex < outputSchemasJsonList.GetLength(); ++outputSchemasIndex)
    {
      m_outputSchemas.push_back(outputSchemasJsonList[outputSchemasIndex].AsObject());
    }
    m_outputSchemasHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  return *this;
}

JsonValue S3CsvSource::Jsonize() const
{
  JsonValue payload;

  if(m_nameHasBeenSet)
  {
   payload.WithString("Name", m_name);

  }

  if(m_pathsHasBeenSet)
  {
   Array<JsonValue> pathsJsonList(m_paths.size());
   for(unsigned pathsIndex = 0; pathsIndex < pathsJsonList.GetLength(); ++pathsIndex)
   {
     pathsJsonList[pathsIndex].AsString(m_paths[pathsIndex]);
   }
   payload.WithArray("Paths", std::move(pathsJsonList));

  }

  if(m_compressionTypeHasBeenSet)
  {
   payload.WithString("CompressionType", CompressionTypeMapper::GetNameForCompressionType(m_compressionType));
  }

  if(m_exclusionsHasBeenSet)
  {
   Array<JsonValue> exclusionsJsonList(m_exclusions.size());
   for(unsigned exclusionsIndex = 0; exclusionsIndex < exclusionsJsonList.GetLength(); ++exclusionsIndex)
   {
     exclusionsJsonList[exclusionsIndex].AsString(m_exclusions[exclusionsIndex]);
   }
   payload.WithArray("Exclusions", std::move(exclusionsJsonList));

  }

  if(m_groupSizeHasBeenSet)
  {
   payload.WithString("GroupSize", m_groupSize);

  }

  if(m_groupFilesHasBeenSet)
  {
   payload.WithString("GroupFiles", m_groupFiles);

  }

  if(m_recurseHasBeenSet)
  {
   payload.WithBool("Recurse", m_recurse);

  }

  if(m_maxBandHasBeenSet)
  {
   payload.WithInteger("MaxBand", m_maxBand);

  }

  if(m_maxFilesInBandHasBeenSet)
  {
   payload.WithInteger("MaxFilesInBand", m_maxFilesInBand);

  }

  if(m_additionalOptionsHasBeenSet)
  {
   payload.WithObject("AdditionalOptions", m_additionalOptions.Jsonize());

  }

  if(m_separatorHasBeenSet)
  {
   payload.WithString("Separator", SeparatorMapper::GetNameForSeparator(m_separator));
  }

  if(m_escaperHasBeenSet)
  {
   payload.WithString("Escaper", m_escaper);

  }

  if(m_quoteCharHasBeenSet)
  {
   payload.WithString("QuoteChar", QuoteCharMapper::GetNameForQuoteChar(m_quoteChar));
  }

  if(m_multilineHasBeenSet)
  {
   payload.WithBool("Multiline", m_multiline);

  }

  if(m_withHeaderHasBeenSet)
  {
   payload.WithBool("WithHeader", m_withHeader);

  }

  if(m_writeHeaderHasBeenSet)
  {
   payload.WithBool("WriteHeader", m_writeHeader);

  }

  if(m_skipFirstHasBeenSet)
  {
   payload.WithBool("SkipFirst", m_skipFirst);

  }

  if(m_optimizePerformanceHasBeenSet)
  {
   payload.WithBool("OptimizePerformance", m_optimizePerformance);

  }

  if(m_outputSchemasHasBeenSet)
  {
   Array<JsonValue> outputSchemasJsonList(m_outputSchemas.size());
   for(unsigned outputSchemasIndex = 0; outputSchemasIndex < outputSchemasJsonList.GetLength(); ++outputSchemasIndex)
   {
     outputSchemasJsonList[outputSchemasIndex].AsObject(m_outputSchemas[outputSchemasIndex].Jsonize());
   }
   payload.WithArray("OutputSchemas", std::move(outputSchemasJsonList));

  }

  return payload;
}

} // namespace Model
} // namespace Glue
} // namespace Aws


text:
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The Pope and the Galileo Error
Posted to Finance November 08, 2019 by Antony Davies and James R. Harrigan
In 1633, the Catholic Church declared Galileo "vehemently suspect of heresy."
Confusing their training in theology and philosophy for expertise in science and astronomy, the magisterium declared Galileo incorrect in claiming that the Earth revolved around the sun. The Earth would revolve around the sun 350 times before the church admitted its error.
Today, the Catholic Church repeats the Galileo error. This time the ramifications are far more deadly. Many popes have admonished the rich to help the poor, but Pope Francis goes a step further. He tells people how they should do it. This is where he makes the Galileo error. Francis is not an economist, and if he has economists advising him, he'd do well to get a second opinion.
Francis most recently spoke on the problems of global nutrition on the occasion of United Nations World Food Day. He said, "The battle against hunger and malnutrition will not end as long as the logic of the market prevails and profit is sought at any cost, with the result that food is relegated to a mere commercial product."
The pontiff claims that "the logic of the market" keeps people hungry. But "the market" has no logic. "The market" is the sum total of individual interactions among billions of people. The market is the world community — the coming together of billions of people who both offer and want things that billions of others both want and offer.
While there is no "logic of the market," the logic of the people in the market is that they trade when it is to their mutual advantage to do so. And this is something anyone concerned with world hunger, indeed world peace, should applaud. Until the maturation of markets, the way people gained riches was by looting and pillaging. Markets arose as a way to create riches through peaceful cooperation.
Just as the church was dead wrong to stifle Galileo, Francis is dead wrong now.
Economic freedom measures the degree to which a country's government embraces markets and the rule of law. If we sort societies according to economic freedom, the same pattern emerges again and again and again. Whether comparing countries, states or cities, societies that are more economically free exhibit better social and economic outcomes than their less economically free counterparts. The pattern doesn't hold in every instance, but it is a clear and definitive trend. Extreme poverty rates for the half of countries that are less economically free are around seven times the extreme poverty rates for the half of countries that are more economically free.
The pattern repeats around the world and across history. At the end of the 18th century, 95 percent of the global population lived in extreme poverty. That was at the advent of the industrial revolution, and of market capitalism. As both took hold, the world population exploded. Over the next two centuries, the world's extreme poverty rate fell tenfold at the same time that the world population grew tenfold.
Countries that have not shared in this bounty — North Korea, Cuba and Venezuela come to mind — share Francis' view that markets are dangerous things to be feared and restricted. The poor will suffer and die in countries that follow Francis' economic prescriptions to a far greater degree than they will in countries that do not. We do not fault Francis for not understanding economics, but we do fault him for using his bulliest of pulpits to spread his dangerous ignorance.
It took the Catholic church 350 years to admit its Galileo error. This time, the stakes are far higher, and the poor cannot afford to wait three and a half centuries for the church to recant its demonization of markets. They wouldn't have to if Pope Francis better understood that which he condemns.
Antony Davies and James R. Harrigan
Antony Davies is associate professor of economics at Duquesne University. James R. Harrigan is managing director of the Center for the Philosophy of Freedom at the University of Arizona. They host the weekly podcast, Words & Numbers.
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