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Ralph Robert Shaw
Shaw established the Graduate School of Library Studies at the University of Hawaii. He served on numerous ALA committees. He was associated with the discovery and pioneering of information science. He was involved with work on the Photoclerk. He worked with international organizations – consulting and advising on bibliographic activities. In 1950, Shaw founded Scarecrow Press. He came up with mini-print. He helped develop a strong library program at Rutgers, served as the school's second dean, and was instrumental in establishing its Ph.D. program. Shaw did not invent Rapid Selector but made himself famous promoting it. He translated a book on bibliography from German.
He was a controversial library figure. He was interested in scientific management, transaction charges, photography for circulation control, and bookmobiles; copyrights. He compiled Bibliography of Agriculture, which became an international bibliographic tool. He was "one of the first American Documentalists" (Burke). He wanted to use Bush's Selector to coordinate all the agricultural research literature allowing researchers to have access to all the current research projects in the world. Shaw was chief of USDA library, made it a center of pioneering documentation techniques.
Awards received:
American Library Association: Dewey Award (1953- first ever awarded)
Ralph Shaw was born in Detroit, Michigan on May 18, 1907. He grew up in Cleveland, and obtained his B.A. from Western Reserve University in 1928. His interest in science librarianship was sparked while an undergraduate, by his job in the Cleveland Public Library's Department of Science and Technology. He enrolled in the Columbia University School of Library Service and received a B.S. (1929) and an M.S.(1931) from that institution. Shaw's lifelong interest in the scientific management of libraries began during his time in New York.
He found ample opportunity to further develop and put into practice his ideas when he became the librarian of the Gary, Indiana Public Library in 1936. While in Gary, Shaw began work on his Ph.D. at the University of Chicago's Graduate Library School. In 1940, Shaw moved on to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's library.
While at the library (which eventually became the National Agriculture Library), Shaw continued to pursue his interest in the use of machines to improve the productivity and efficiency of library operations. During his fourteen-year tenure at the library, he invented and patented the Photoclerk and designed the Rapid Selector (and patented its coding system), a machine designed to use encoded microfilm for subject analysis and retrieval of information. Although mechanical problems thwarted Shaw's dreams of success for the machine, work along the same lines was later done byEastman Kodak and IBM .
During his career, Shaw became an internationally respected figure in librarianship. He was a member of, as well as a consultant and advisor to, a wide range of national and international library committees and organizations concerned with library and bibliographic activities. During the 1950's, Shaw was actively involved in the American Documentation Institute . He was an associate editor of American Documentation from 1950-1957.
Shaw was also keenly interested in library education. In 1954, he joined the faculty of the Graduate School of Library Service at Rutgers University, where he helped to develop a respected program that included courses in bibliography, documentation and scientific management, a concept he helped introduce to the profession as a means of solving certain library problems.
Ralph Shaw left a significant mark in the fields of information science and librarianship. "As a bibliographer, he supervised the production of one of the major scientific and one of the major retrospective national bibliographies." The influence of his work and ideas will carry on for years in his former students, many of whom are today's leaders. The press he founded in 1950, Scarecrow Press, continues to produce high quality works in librarianship and other fields. His efforts as an inventor "helped to make possible much of the sophisticated use of technology in libraries." A critic of grandiose claims for the capabilities of machines, Shaw's challenges helped create a realistic basis for the intelligent use of machines. Ralph Shaw died in 1972. There is detailed biographical information about him in Wikipedia.
Some of Shaw's major works include:
The Use of Photography for Clerical Routines(1953)
Articles on automation:
"From Fright to Frankenstein." D.C. Libraries (1953).
"The Form and the Substance." (1965).
"Electronic Storage and Searching." in the series "Freeing the Mind." Times Literary Supplement(1962).
A book celebrating the life and work of Shaw is: Essays for Ralph Shaw, ed. by Norman D. Stevens. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1975, 212 pp.


No more GFC tomorrow! Are you following me elsewhere?
Just a friendly reminder that Google is cancelling Google Friend Connect for all blogs that aren't hosted on Blogger starting tomorrow.
Why does this matter? If you followed my blog by clicking on the Google Friend Connect (GFC) widget I used to have, it subscribed you to my blog and allowed you to receive post updates to your RSS feed. So if you still wish to follow and receive regular updates, you will need to subscribe by some other method. My direct RSS and email subscription links are in the right hand side of my blog, along with buttons to follow me on twitter, Facebook, and Google Plus.
hey! so glad to see we are still here on the dashboard...don't know why, but I love it!


Last Friday Marc Sanders and I attended the long awaited event hosted by the leading digital industry magazine .Net and Creative Bloq . As born geeks interested in everything that can be coded, interacted with and published online we were very exciting to share one of the coolest Covent Garden's venues with so many great minds of XXI century.
Conferences like this are always a fantastic source of inspiration, education and networking opportunities. London's event was mainly focused on the latest technical and creative innovations in the world of web design.
From the early morning the great mix of: designers, developers and creatives was amassing at Grand Connaught Rooms. With sessions, workshops and presentations from the key industry profiles it was a unique opportunity to learn new skills and participate in one-on-one conversations and learn from some of the world's best designers.
After a day of networking, inspiring talks and engaging interviews the "creative mass" moved to another superb venue to finalise the event. In less formal way, Marc and I enjoyed geeky conversations and discussions on the future of the web. It was exciting to be around so many influential and inspirational faces of the modern web design.
Web design is a thriving and ever evolving. Despite the industry being only 23 years old, it continues to change thanks to the community of passionate people who takes joy of creating and improving our every day experiences.


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Re-establish the natural, healthy cell growth cycle.


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US Ambassador Hails Sierra Leone's MCC Moves
HomeNewsBreaking NewsUS Ambassador Hails Sierra Leone's MCC Moves
NewsBreaking NewsHighlighted News
By HawaDeen
The United States Ambassador to Sierra Leone Ambassador David Reimer on Wednesday August 25, 2021 commended the government of President Julius Maada Bio for qualifying for the Millennium Challenge Corporation Compact program saying that it is a huge investment by the US government in Sierra Leone.
He was speaking during a brief visit to Sierra Leone's Minister of Water Resources Ing. Philip Lansana at the New England Ville Office in Freetown.
During the discussion, the two people dilated on the challenges in the water resources sector and efforts made to surmount them. The minister expounded on President Julius Maada Bio's focus on water supply in the country as a social development goal and the tremendous efforts government has made to ameliorate the water problem in the country.
He further informed the US Ambassador about the seven towns water project that is ongoing in Sierra Leone and expressed optimism of its impact on water supply in the country.
Ing. Philip Lansana expounded on other projects to help curb if not eliminate the water problem in the country, such as the Rural Water Supply projects that have seen the construction of 100 boreholes for remote communities across the country. "Water is very essential as it supports all sectors especially health and education," the Minister averred.
The Water Resources Minister however expressed disappointment in the non-payment of bills by consumers of water in the country, which is starving government of resources to service the continuous delivery of the vital commodity.
On his part, the United States Ambassador narrated that many countries opted for the MCC award but very few qualified for it and expressed his pleasure at Sierra Leone being one of the few. Ambassador David Reimer pinpointed the three pivotal areas of the MCC Compact grant for Sierra Leone, which are energy, food security and water. He also used the opportunity to inform the public through the Minister that the US government has lifted all visa restrictions on citizens and government officials and that the Embassy is open to business.
British High Commission Bids Farewell to Chevening 2021 Cohort
The Gerund – English Study Material & Notes

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The Long Spoons of Ulster
June 1, 2002 Topic: K StreetPolitical TheoryPoliticsSociety Regions: Western EuropeEurope
Mini Teaser: Disturbing indications that the habits of veteran terrorists die hard in Northern Ireland.
by Author(s): Jonathan Stevenson
The epochal September 11 attacks have increased the sensitivity and hostility of most governments worldwide to terrorism. Nevertheless, there remains a practical distinction between "new" terrorist outfits like Al-Qaeda, which have no negotiable political objective, and "old" terrorist groups motivated by nationalist or irredentist agendas that may be subject to negotiation. If anything, September 11 has made the leaders of some countries afflicted with "old" terrorist problems want to settle matters quickly, before such groups establish links with or try to imitate the methods of new terrorists like Osama bin Laden. Varieties of such activity have occurred from Sri Lanka to the Andes in the hopes that negotiated solutions are in fact possible. With the FARC in Colombia and the PLO in Palestine, protracted but futile efforts at patient negotiation suggest that in these cases they may not be. With the Tamil Tigers in Sri Lanka and ETA in Spain, it is too soon to say. But it is at least plausible that these and other problems may be amenable to negotiated solutions. Governments thus need to exercise a hard-nosed realism: to appreciate and preserve distinctions among terrorist groups, and to remain open to negotiating with those that may be politically tamed.
The Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) has appeared to be one such group. When the Belfast Agreement was approved by 71 percent of Northern Irish voters in May 1998, moderate Ulster unionism and Irish nationalism held sway. The greatest political challenges to ending the "troubles" appeared to have been overcome. Deaths from political violence dwindled from close to one hundred per year before the autumn 1994 ceasefires to about twenty per year in the subsequent five-year period. The Republic of Ireland discarded its constitutional claim on Northern Irish territory. After more than 25 years of violent opposition to a "partitionist" solution to the Northern Irish conflict, once militant republicans in Sinn Fein, the IRA's political wing, accepted a devolved government founded on the legitimacy of partition--at least as an interim arrangement.
At the same time, Protestant unionists further enshrined the consent principle (dubbed the "unionist veto" by republicans) whereby Northern Ireland must remain part of the United Kingdom until its majority says otherwise. The "soft" constitutional nationalists that opposed violence, being the majority of the province's Catholics, won sub-sovereign cross-border administrative bodies in specified substantive areas to be jointly run by officials from Dublin and Belfast. Between 1994 and 2001, the province was significantly demilitarized; the British troop presence dropped from over 17,000 to 14,000 and numerous watchtowers and army posts were dismantled. The belief prevailed that the hard work had been done, and that even the most fraught issues left to be faced--the disarmament of terrorist groups, or "decommissioning", further demilitarization, police reform and others--would in time be solved.
It hasn't turned out to be such a smooth ride. While police reform is under way, little decommissioning has occurred. Increasing numbers of unionists resent governing with a political party that sports a "private army", while acquiescing to the evisceration of a police force that suffered over 300 fatalities in resisting that army. At the same time, nationalists have warmed to a Sinn Fein whose paramilitary arm no longer demonizes the Catholic community by killing policemen and soldiers, but still dominates Northern Irish politics by dint of holding on to nearly one hundred tons of weaponry. These trends were starkly confirmed on June 7, 2001, when Northern Irish voters chose their 18 Westminster members of Parliament. The Rev. Ian Paisley's anti-Agreement Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) increased its number of MPs from two to five at the expense of the larger Ulster Unionist Party (UUP); Sinn Fein (which stands for Westminster elections but does not participate in national government in Britain) vaulted from two to four at the expense of the soft nationalist Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP). Local council elections followed a similar pattern. This suggests that the sides are drawing further apart, not closer together.
Nevertheless, the republican and unionist positions are not as irreconcilable as these results might indicate. Paisley's DUP and Sinn Fein are thinking and behaving differently than they have before. The DUP manifesto is not focused on undermining the Belfast Agreement but rather on "holding Tony Blair to his pledges." Its key principles are drafted carefully so as to enshrine meaningful decommissioning as the only indispensable requirement of Sinn Fein's participating fully in devolved government. As for Sinn Fein, partition and devolution will never be satisfactory to republicans; yet a week before the Westminster election Martin McGuinness triumphantly told London's Daily Telegraph: "There's almost an inevitability that within the next five years . . . the First Minister will be a Sinn Fein minister." Devolution compensates republicans psychologically for decades of perceived exclusion. For practical purposes, too--given that they do not actively engage in British national politics--republicans need devolved government in Northern Ireland as a way to demonstrate their competence as a legitimate party, the better to become a major political force in the Republic of Ireland en route (presumptively) to a united Ireland. Republicans therefore seem willing to govern with unionists for some undefined but not fatally short period.
Dramatic developments in late October 2001, as well as the chilling effect of September 11, reflected these attitudes. David Trimble resigned as First Minister of the devolved assembly on July 1 over the decommissioning impasse, and on October 18 finally withdrew the Ulster Unionist Party's ministers from the assembly's governing executive. This put pressure on the IRA to disarm in order to forestall the collapse of the assembly and save the Agreement. After the arrests in Colombia of three IRA men for training the anti-American Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in August and then the September 11 attacks, Washington privately made it clear to Sinn Fein that republicans would receive no diplomatic support from the United States unless the IRA disarmed. This combination of internal crisis and diplomatic pressure produced the IRA's first disarmament gesture of October 23.
As gestures go, however, it was minimal: It involved no more than two arms dumps out of dozens, and was verified not by the British government or unionists but by the Independent International Commission on Decommissioning (IICD). Chaired by Canadian General John de Chastelain, the IICD has no enforcement power and has functioned as little more than a liaison. Neither the nature and quantity of arms nor the method by which they were rendered unusable was made public. When asked by unionist assembly member Pauline Armitage whether he could not disclose this information "because it is so paltry that it would be embarrassing", Gen. de Chastelain replied: "I would never argue against a woman's intuition."
Nevertheless, most unionists re-joined the executive. Trimble was narrowly re-installed as First Minister, but support in his own party was so weak that he had to ask members of small non-aligned parties to designate themselves unionists for a day to secure this result. In any event, the assembly has been functioning ever since. Decommissioning is likely to remain the source of repeated crises, however; it is the one issue with the potential to destroy the Belfast Agreement. The question is, will it?
The Decommissioning Problem
In deference to republican sensitivities, the Belfast Agreement does not strictly require IRA decommissioning, but merely establishes it as an objective of the peace process "in the context of the implementation of the overall settlement." In the run-up to the Agreement, however, Trimble needed London's affirmation that Sinn Fein would not be allowed to participate in the executive unless the IRA had first substantially disarmed. On Good Friday, April 10, 1998, the day before the Agreement was signed, Trimble received a letter from Tony Blair stating that "the effect of the decommissioning section of the agreement, with decommissioning schemes coming into effect in June [1998], is that the process of decommissioning should begin straight away." It clearly implied that absent meaningful decommissioning after six months, the British government would "support changes" to provisions of the Belfast Agreement "preventing" uncooperative parties from holding office in the devolved assembly's governing executive.
The letter finessed the timing issue, but its obvious intent was to reassure Trimble that the British government would honor his wish to deny Sinn Fein executive participation absent decommissioning. Unionists have argued ever since that insofar as such reassurance is an integral part of the quid pro quo, it is effectively part of the Agreement. Thus, they contended, the UUP council's allowing Sinn Fein into government prior to IRA disarmament in December 1999 signified the re-negotiation of the "no guns, no government" condition and justified the imposition of a shorter deadline set by the UUP. When the IRA missed that deadline and Westminster suspended the devolved assembly in February 2000 as a consequence, Sinn Fein countered that the Agreement also specified that decommissioning must begin only "in the context of . . . overall implementation." This "context" is republican code for loyalist disarmament, the literal or de facto disbandment of the 88 percent Protestant police force (formerly known as the Royal Ulster Constabulary, but last November renamed the Police Service of Northern Ireland as a concession to nationalists) and a comprehensive British military withdrawal.


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KXCI Presents! Rickie Lee Jones and Robert Earl Keen Ticket Giveaway
Follow the links below to submit your entries for a chance to win a spot on the guestlist for these great concerts!
Support for KXCI is provided by the Fox Theatre welcoming Rickie Lee Jones and the Rialto Theatre welcoming Robert Earl Keen in two separate shows. A poetic troubadour with a style uniquely her own, Rickie Lee Jones plays the Fox on Sunday, September 26th. Robert Earl Keen's storytelling songwriting is back on tour where 'the road goes on forever and the party never ends' on Thursday October 14th at the Rialto. Learn more at FoxTucson.com and RialtoTheatre.com. Follow the links below to submit your entries for a chance to win a spot on the guestlist for these great concerts!
Rickie Lee Jones at the Fox Theatre
Sunday, September 26 doors open at 6:30PM, seating starts at 7PM – TICKETS $35-57.50
Two-time Grammy winner Rickie Lee Jones exploded onto the pop scene in 1978 and has made a career of fearlessly experimenting with her sound and persona over 15 critically acclaimed albums.
America's leading boho pop star, thanks to her hit "Chuck E.'s in Love" from her critically acclaimed album Pirates, Rickie Lee Jones is one of the songwriting greats. Her vocals are utterly unique. Her voice is clear and bright, jazzy and moody, and she always delivers an exciting and memorable live concert experience.
A cultural phenomenon (Rolling Stone magazine put her on its cover twice in two years, and Saturday Night Live gave her an unprecedented three songs for her second appearance), Rickie is both a character in the songs and the songwriter singing. She defies convention with her sometimes brazen sexuality and mixed bag of jazz and rock tunes as well as her authentic songwriter performances.
Rickie Lee's tour marks her first in-person performances following the release of her acclaimed memoir, Last Chance Texaco. New York Times says of the book, "As rich and colorful as Jones''s best lyrics. It's a classically American picaresque tale, a recounting of a life in which she "lived volumes. She reads as a modern Huck Finn."
"From her 1979 debut onward, Rickie Lee Jones has proved to be an original, mixing beatnik-based poetic sensibilities with R&B, jazz, folk, and pop. Most of her commercial success came at the outset of her career, but a restless creative spirit — combined with a stubborn refusal to fit comfortably into any one musical niche — sealed her ultimate destiny as that of a highly regarded cult heroine."
Allmusic.com
Fiery anthems and tumultuous confessional songs punctuated with raw, inspired guitar."
ENTER TO WIN – Rickie Lee Jones
*CLICK FOR CONTEST RULES* The deadline to enter is Thursday, Sept, 23rd, 2021. The winners of (1) pair of tickets will be selected at random (one entry per person). KXCI offices are currently closed due to Covid-19. During this time, ticket winners will be put on the guest list and must present ID at the venue box office on the night of the show to gain entry. Winners will be notified to the email address entered in the contest.
Robert Earl Keen at the Rialto Theatre
Thursday, October 14 – Doors: 7pm / Show: 8pm – ALL AGES Reserved Seating – Price: $34.00-$48.00 + Taxes & Fees – BUY TICKETS
It's not always easy to sum up a career — let alone a life's ambition — so succinctly, but those five words from Robert Earl Keen's calling-card anthem just about do it. You can complete the lyric with the next five words — the ones routinely shouted back at Keen by thousands of fans a night (and the party never ends!) — just to punctuate the point with a flourish but its the part about the journey that gets right to the heart of what makes Keen tick. Some people take up a life of playing music with the goal of someday reaching a destination of fame and fortune; but from the get-go Keen just wanted to write and sing his own songs, and to keep writing and singing them for as long as possible.
COVID PROTOCOLS: As of September 20, 2021, all patrons will be required to wear masks or face shields while attending an event unless actively enjoying a beverage. Additionally, proof of full COVID-19 vaccination or a negative COVID-19 test result within 48 hours will also be required. If you are uncomfortable with these guidelines, have already purchased a ticket, and would like a refund you may contact the Rialto box office at [email protected].
ENTER TO WIN – Robert Earl Keen
*CLICK FOR CONTEST RULES* The deadline to enter is Sunday, Sept, 26th, 2021. . The winners of (1) pair of tickets will be selected at random (one entry per person). KXCI offices are currently closed due to Covid-19. During this time, ticket winners will be put on the guest list and must present ID at the venue box office on the night of the show to gain entry. Winners will be notified to the email address entered in the contest.


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Q: Type requires name=value pair construction: Donation__c I have a custom object
     @AuraEnabled
   public static List<Donation__c> onLoad(string recordId){
   List<Donation__c> donList = new List<Donation__c>();
     Contact con = [select id, Name, (select id, Name, Email1__c from  Donations__r) from Contact where id=:recordId];
     for(Contact c: con.Donations__r){
       donList.add(new Donation__c(c,false));

   }
    return donList;
   }

but in this line:
 donList.add(new Donation__c(c,false));

Compile Error:

Type requires name=value pair construction: Donation__c

Any advice? Thanx

A: It looks like what you are trying to accomplish is to return all child records for the specified Contact.Id. Just query on and return Donation__c records directly. If your lookup field has an API Name of Contact__c, your entire method body would look like:
return [SELECT Name, Email1__c FROM Donation__c WHERE Contact__c = :recordId];

A: The compiler error is telling you that you're not using the correct syntax to create an instance of a custom object record. You need to explicitly call out a field that you want to set. So something like the below:
donList.add(new Donation__c(Contact__c = c.Id , My_Boolean_Field__c = false));

However, Adrian Larson's answer is a better example of how to do what it seems you're trying to accomplish.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Chickamauga Blog
Chickamauga, the Civil War, and sometimes, just life
Ominous Portents
Ulysses S. Grant's rail route to Louisville also took him through Indianapolis, arriving there sometime in the afternoon of October 17. Stanton had waited for Grant's train. While on the platform, Stanton met with Indiana's powerful Republican Governor, Oliver P. Morton, who was stunned to learn that "relieving General Rosecrans . . . [was] the object of [Stanton's] trip."
Though Rosecrans was a Democrat, he was also very popular with the rank and file of the Army of the Cumberland, many thousands of which were Morton's constituents; Morton himself "had great admiration" for Rosecrans. Stanton further astounded Morton when he told the Governor that Rosecrans had wired Lincoln on October 3rd, claiming that it "was useless to talk of putting down the rebellion and recommending an armistice with a view of agreeing on terms of peace."
Had that been true, Morton would certainly have reason to be taken aback. But in relating this tale, Stanton did Rosecrans a great injustice: Rosecrans's original dispatch said nothing of the kind. Instead, Rosecrans suggested to Lincoln that the Federal Government should offer a general amnesty to any Rebel deserters. While Lincoln agreed in concept, he also realized how such an offer would be perceived as weak in the wake of a defeat like Chickamauga, and politely rebuffed the idea as untimely. Besides, it far overstepped Rosecrans' authority. Stanton took umbrage at this new example of Rosecrans' temerity, and misrepresented it to Morton (and probably others) to further justify removing Rosecrans from command.
Grant's train was just pulling out of Indianapolis when "a messenger came running up to stop it, saying the Secretary of War was coming into the Station and wanted to see me." This was the first face-to-face meeting between the North's most victorious field commander and the Secretary.
Boarding Grant's car, Stanton accompanied him to Louisville. As was his wont, Stanton wasted little time in small talk. In his memoirs Grant recalled that "soon after we started the Secretary handed me two orders, saying that I might take my choice of them. The two were identical in all but one particular. Both created the 'Military Division of the Mississippi,' (giving me command) composed of the Departments of the Ohio, the Cumberland, and the Tennessee." In one, Rosecrans was left in command, while in the second, Rosecrans was replaced by Thomas. "I accepted the latter."
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#16 FRIDAYS WITH DAVE POWELL
crossposted from Facebook:
A conversation with Chickamauga's leading author.
QUESTION: Dave, as we all know, Chickamauga was the second-bloodiest battle of the entire Civil War. Only the Battle of Gettysburg was bloodier. When I was very young, for Christmas my Dad gave me the huge America Heritage History of the Civil War (remember that?). Having grown up close to the Chickamauga Battlefield, I was very disappointed to see that Chickamauga and Chattanooga were barely footnotes in that massive volume (they did earn one of the cool maps though!). Only recently, and largely through YOUR effort, has Chickamauga, and the Western Theater as a whole, begun to garner national attention. My question to you is, why do you think Chickamauga was so "forgotten" for so many years? Was it because it was a "hollow" victory? Was it because of largely unknown and "forgotten" commanders? Was it because no Lee or Grant or Stonewall or JEB fought here? Was it because of the Eastern press? Chickamauga is (and WAS) certainly worthy of study. By volunteering at the Visitor Center at Chickamauga I can attest that many visitors have recently "discovered" Chickamauga and are driving in to visit the field in growing numbers. So….why was Chickamauga forgotten and ignored for so long?
ANSWER DAVID POWELL: I do remember the American Heritage History of the Civil War. My Dad had a well-thumbed copy. I went out and bought a replacement a few years ago.
Interest – and tourism – at Chickamauga began less than three weeks after the battle. When Jefferson Davis visited the army in October of 1863, he requested a tour, and park lore tells us that soldiers created signboards identifying key features of the field – the first such markers, and forerunners of today's surviving "Fingerboard" signs that still dot the park in places. In December, after the Confederates were driven off Missionary Ridge, Grant, Thomas, and numerous other Federals visited the field. Grant and Thomas cut walking sticks from some of the timber on the field.
In the 1870s and 1880s, the railroads promoted Chickamauga and other western battlefields, since so many of those fields lay alongside their tracks through Kentucky, Tennessee, and Georgia. In 1892 the famous "Dixie Flyer" – first-class passenger service from origin points at Chicago and St. Louis all the way to Florida, via Nashville, Chattanooga, and Atlanta – began service. To promote it, the Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis RR, along with the W & A (Western & Atlantic) published a guide highlighting those battlefields. In it, the guide described Chickamauga (incorrectly) as "the bloodiest battle of the war." Reunions were held in Chattanooga for both sides, and, as evidence of the national interest, today you can travel to Civil War museums and memorial halls all over the country to find "Chickamauga Logs": battle-scarred tree-trunks cut from the field and shipped everywhere. They were in such demand that there was actually a cottage industry of creating fake Battle Logs, embedding shells and shell fragments in drilled out tree-trunks to produce suitably impressive artifacts.
Certainly among the reasons Chickamauga and Chattanooga were selected to jointly form the country's first National Battlefield Park was because of the importance of the campaign, and not the least, because so many soldiers from almost every state in the Union contributed men who fought there.
So the Veterans remembered.
But times change. The rise of the Lost Cause in Civil War lore was driven largely by prominent ex-Confederates who fought in the Army of Northern Virginia and for whom Robert E. Lee was Southern Manhood personified. The focus on Lee's campaigns, and especially Gettysburg, was a natural outpouring of that. Lee and Jackson also caught the attention of a certain class of foreign officers, primarily British, who wrote extensively about the Eastern Theater.
As a result, by the time of the centennial, (1960s) the entire Western Theater had been eclipsed by the war in Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Maryland. Antietam and Gettysburg studies appeared frequently. What attention that was paid to the west centered largely on Grant, as a sort of curtain-raiser to his title bout with the southern heavyweight contender, Lee, in 1864. Sherman absorbed most of the remaining energy not absorbed by the East.
Chickamauga was the subject of one of the earliest battle studies, by Union participant John Turchin in the 1880s. After that, however, it barely merited a mention. Glen Tucker's monograph appeared in 1961. No other single study of the battle would appear for another 31 years until Peter Cozzens tackled it in 1992. Chattanooga has done a little better, with modern studies by Cozzens, Wiley Sword, and a couple of others; but even the least decisive battles in the East (Fredericksburg, say) have had more works.
I think that as a study subject, Chickamauga suffers from a host of "problems." Firstly, neither Bragg nor Rosecrans are first-rank personalities; certainly not A-list CW Celebrities. Secondly, The Army of Tennessee was an army ravaged by constant defeat; ill-fated and seemingly inept. The army's tactical successes never produced lasting results, and thus, were seemingly wasted. There was no panache of victory as with the Army of Northern Virginia. Only frustration and confusion.
Thirdly, Chickamauga's immense tactical complexity works against it. It was the most confusing battle of the war, bar none. The same ground exchanged hands repeatedly, and one side's tactical advantage could be supplanted within just a short span of time by the other side's resurgence. Regiments found themselves fighting over the same positions from multiple directions. For a modern historian untangling all this confusion represents a major investment of time and commitment. The sage of all Chickamauga Historians, Glenn Robertson, took decades to finally publish his work. My own efforts consumed nearly fifteen years. This is a very hard battle to digest and understand, let alone explain.
I have also noticed an upswing in interest, however, and I love to see it. At last Chickamauga is receiving the attention it deserves.
Chickamauga Study Group 2020 Seminar in the Woods
Mission Statement: The purpose of the Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park Study Group is to create a forum to bring students of the American Civil War together to study and explore those events in the fall of 1863 that led ultimately to the creation of the Chickamauga & Chattanooga National Military Park, as well as explore other nearby Civil War-related sites.
Tour Leaders: Jim Ogden and Dave Powell
Date: Friday, March 6, and Saturday, March 7, 2020; By bus and car caravan.
All tours begin and end at the Visitor's Center.
Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:00: Out of the Cove, and the Dry Valley Road
We will track the Union movements out of McLemore's Cove, from Pond Spring and Gower's Ford to Crawfish Spring, Rosecrans' HQ at the Gordon-Lee Mansion, and then follow the Union retreat up the Dry Valley Road on September 20, 1863.
We will be taking a lunch break from about 11:30 to 1 PM. Lunch is on your own, it will not be provided.
We will also be walking more than usual on a Friday tour, as we explore the Dry Valley Road retreat route.
Friday evening, 7:30 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. – Q&A Panel with Jim Ogden, Dave Powell, and others (as announced)
Site: Constitution Hall, 201 Forrest Road, Fort Oglethorpe, GA
Reprise of the Annual free-form Question and Answer session.
Car Caravan – Saturday Morning, 8:30 to Noon: Bushrod Johnson's advance, Afternoon of September 19.
At 2 pm on September 19, Bushrod Johnson's division was attacked by the Federals of Hans Heg's Brigade in the woods north of Viniard Field. In response, Bushrod Johnson counter-attacked, under orders from John Bell Hood. But Johnson's front fractured, with Fulton's and a portion of Gregg's brigades veering northwest, ultimately striking into the south end of Brotherton Field, where at 4 pm they helped unravel the Union line there.
Car Caravan – Saturday Afternoon, 1:30 p.m. to 5:00 p.m.: Negley and Sirwell occupy Snodgrass Hill, morning til noon, September 20
Early on the morning of September 20, Union General James S. Negley received orders to pull out of line and move north to rejoin the rest of George Thomas's XIV Corps in and around the Kelly Field Line. What did Thomas intend? What did Negley understand he was to do? Negley's division became fragmented by those orders, and eventually, to his everlasting mortification, James Negley retired from the field at a crucial moment.
Friday's Tours will be by Bus. Pre-registration and Fee required: $45, due by February 1 2019.
Sign-up after February 1 or on-site Fee (based on space available): $50
Saturday: no charge.
Fees raised in excess of our costs (as well as any donations) will be used to support the causes of battlefield preservation, interpretation, and renovation.
In 2019 the Study Group donated $500 to the Jewell Monument fund, run by the Friends of Chickamauga and Chattanooga, for maintenance and restoration needs.
Send to (and make checks payable to):
1300 Mark Street
Bensenville IL 60106
This fee is NON-REFUNDABLE after February 1st, 2020. Once we are committed to the bus, we will be charged the booking fee, no matter what.
Please note that everyone is responsible for their own lodging, meals, snacks and incidentals.
Thank you, see you in March.
Bull Runnings
Eric Wittenberg
Mike Noirot
The Maps of Chickamauga
Books I've written
Chickamauga OOB – Union


text:
Officials of the Department for Counteraction to Economic Crimes come driving a car with no license plates and intimidate Human Rights advocates
On October, 12th, at 16.30, in Krasnodar city certain people appeared at Frunze street, 15 indoors and introduced themselves as officials of the Department for Counteraction to Economic Crimes (DCEC). The incomers began to confiscate computers which were in the room, explaining that they had allegedly received information about counterfeit software installed on the computers.
During the inspection the officials of the DCEC of the western district Dmitry Anatolevich Prihodko and Gasparjan Armen Vladimirovich in presence of Bektashev Ruzhdi Eknenderovich the representative of the law firm "Spectrum" confiscated three computers.
As Anastasia Denisova the head of "ETHnICS" organization says, the officials of the DCEC carrying out the inspection have shown a statement (that ostensibly formed the basis for inspection) with a wrong specified address. The address stated in the paper was Lenina street, 4.
Subsequently there was an attempt to detain Anastasia Denisova, the head of the organization, member of the coordination council of the Youth Human Rights Movement (YHRM), participant of the GROZA movement and activist of HRC "Memorial". As the reason for the detainment the officials of the DCEC indicated the necessity to identify her personality. Anastasia refused to go, and explained that the inspectors did not indicate a lawful basis for detention. Witnesses affirm that the officials of the DCEC attempted to take her by her hands and take away in a grey "Opel" without license plates.
Victoria Gromova, a participant of the team for protection of Human Rights advocates of YHRM, asserts that, these actions are "illegal and, as fact, are directed at intimidation. They demonstrated total disregard of legal procedures, ignorance of laws of the Russian Federation and assurance of their own impunity".
The officials of the DCEC demanded a copy of Anastasia's passport only after the interference of an expert from Moscow over the phone they went away.
Comment by Dmitriy Makarov, a participant of the team for protection of Human Rights advocates of YHRM, activist of Moscow Helsinki Group: "As a matter of fact, under the pretext of inspection, search and confiscation are conducted without lawful bases. It is a new stage of pressure upon the Human Rights advocate. It seems to us, that it is connected with Anastasia's peace-making activity on Northern and Southern Caucasus. We have bases to suppose that in the actions of the officials of the DCEC there are lots of evidence of excess and abuse of the powers of office".
Human Rights advocates have enough proof to suppose that the fact of rigid pressure on Anastasia Denisova is obvious. The basis for such conclusion is that it is far not the first attempt to impede her professional activities.
At the end of August Anastasia together with her colleague photojournalist were detained at the border when returning from a mission in Abkhazia and were subjected to unreasonable hours-long check of their transported gadgets (the laptop, the camera).
And last week Anastasia could not get to the meeting of the OSCE which took place on September, 28th - October, 9th in Warsaw. Anastasia Denisova was invited to participate in the working group and the presentation of the Georgian-Russian Civil Dialogue, but could not take off from Krasnodar because of illegal actions of the Service of Aviation Safety of the airport.
We will keep watching what is going on, and report new information on this cause.
The phone number for additional information is:
+79155822745 – Victoria Gromova
YHRM Information service
info@yhrm.org


text:
Q: Visual Studio 2015: Lines in text editor Is there any option to display vertical lines in VS2015 like in Notepad++ in text editor which indicate/wrap specific block (from { till })?
Like this:

A: Yes, try installing the extension called "Indent Guides". It does exactly what you want.
There's also the extension "Productivity Power Tools" which provides this, but it comes with more things which you may not want. If you just want the vertical guidelines and nothing more you should go for "Indent Guides".

A: The Indent Guides extension mentioned by Yan is an excellent one. Should be perfect for your needs. I have linked to it below. It is free and compatible with Visual Studio 2015, 2013, 2012
Indent Guides - Visual Studio Extension
Once it's installed, you can activate it like this:


text:
Художественный журнал
Moscow Art Magazine
RUArchiveAbout
ArchiveAboutSubcribeRU
Issue: №3 2014
Twenty Remarks for the Twentieth AnniversaryGeorgy Litichevsky
Political-technological Forms, or the Mimesis of the Political. Towards the Question of the Rebirth of Moscow Actionism of the '90s Igor Chubarov
Neoliberalism of the NoughtsBoris Kagarlitsky
The State Without the State and its People: Precarity and the Constitution of New Forms of LifeMaria Chekhonadskhih
"Fatherlessness"Bogdan Mamonov
From the Square to a Community. The Noughts and Ukrainian ArtNikita Kadan
The Formation of the Language of Political Art of the '90s: Towards the Question of Discursive ResponsibilityOlga Grabovskaya
Strategy and Politics of Everything Novel. How to Write A Conceptual Biography of Timur Novikov and St. Petersburg Art of the '90s Today.Dmitry Golynko-Wolfson
The Biopolitics of the Soviet Avant-GardeAlexey Penzin
Intelligentsia as a StyleIlya Budraitskis
Artists' Text
What am I doing here?!Alina Gutkina
Critique of the "Living Romantic Role Model". Commentary on the Interaction between New Actionism and Art in RussiaDmitry Vilensky
"Occupy" in Moscow. Contemplating place.Gleb Napreenko
Self-Trial through ProtestAlexander Bikbov
Contemporary Art in the Midst of False Democracy and Institutional PoliciesKeti Chukhrov
Postcontinental Theory and the Rehabilitation of Place, or is there a Post-Soviet Chronotope?Madina Tlostanova
Excursus
The Theory of PleshkaEvgeny Fiks
Avatar, Work Slowly!Arseny Zhilyaev
When banks will become former...Anastasia Ryabova
Against ConclusionIlya Budraitskis
Everyone's Long-awaited OccupyDmitry Vilensky
dOCUMENTA (13) and the Blind Horror of the Meteorite's Point of View Maria Chekhonadskhih
Moscow art magazine №3Moscow art magazine
№3 Digest 2007–2014
Georgy Litichevsky, Igor Chubarov, Boris Kagarlitsky, Maria Chekhonadskhih, Bogdan Mamonov, Nikita Kadan, Olga Grabovskaya, Dmitry Golynko-Wolfson, Alexey Penzin, Ilya Budraitskis, Alina Gutkina, Dmitry Vilensky, Gleb Napreenko, Alexander Bikbov, Keti Chukhrov, Madina Tlostanova, Evgeny Fiks, Arseny Zhilyaev, Anastasia Ryabova, Ilya Budraitskis, Maria Chekhonadskhih, Keti Chukhrov, Andrey Parshikov, Yakov Kazhdan, Dmitry Vilensky, Maria Chekhonadskhih
Georgy Litichevsky
The present volume is the third English-language digest published by the Moscow Art Magazine (MAM), in two decades of its existence. This volume comprises texts of authors—philosophers, sociologists, art theorists and artists—with whom MAM has been conceptualizing this recent period of post-Soviet history. We are talking about a period that, beginning with the present day, dates back to 2007, when the chronology of texts of the previous digest had come to an end, i.e. the period of the so-called post-Soviet stabilization, its culmination and its first crisis.
The epithet, "Living in the Noughts" was given to the section the materials for which emerged as a reaction to the arrival of economic well-being and subsequent political and social pacification in Russia in the mid-2000s. Attempting to give this new status quo a definition, experts point to the combination of seemingly incompatible elements within it—recycled authoritarianism and etatization together with radical forms of neoliberalism (V. Kagarlitsky "Neoliberalism of the Noughts"). Thus, in the sphere of art politics, the authorities are banking on the creation of new infrastructure the goal of which is access to the global cultural entertainment, but under the control of cultural bureaucracy ("Against Conclusion"). Likewise, authorities are trying, on the one hand, to meld the Russian thinking class into the world precariat (M. Chehonadskih "The State Without the State and its People…"), and on the other, they demand from it the renunciation of any forms of critical consciousness (I. Chubarov "Politico-Technological Forms, or the Mimesis of the Political…"). Be the emergence of a critical position and theory is just one more—completely unwanted by it, but in its own way inevitable—consequence of stabilization (N. Kadan "From the Square to a Community: The Noughts and Ukrainian Art").
However, stabilization in the '00s gave rise to yet another logical consequence – the transitional 1990s became history. Artistic figures of this epoch appear now as cult heroes (D. Golinko-Volfson "Strategy and Politics of Everything Novel…"), and the artistic movement of the first post-Soviet decade started to look like a heroic antipode to the conformism of the subsequent decade (O. Grabovskaya "The Formation of the Language of Political Art of the '90s…"). Moreover, providing a firm foothold, stabilization is, by definition, fraught with historicism. Thereupon, local critical theory in the process of maturing, discovers the revolutionary 1920s for itself (A. Penzin "The Biopolitics of the Soviet Avant-Garde") and reexamines its own tradition (I. Budraitskis "Intelligentsia as a Style").
"What am I doing here?!"—from this question, asked no longer in a narrow circle of critical intellectuals, but amongst thousands of activists who have taken to the streets, a new stage of stabilization begins – its first trial in a crisis (A. Gutkina "What am I doing here?!"). Moreover, from the very beginning, the protest movement in Russia that emerged in response to the falsification of national elections in 2011, perceived itself as a global fact, having found itself in the transnational brand of Occupy (G. Napreenko "'Occupy' in Moscow: Contemplating Place"; D. Vilensky "Everyone's Long-awaited Occupy"). At the same time, the new historical experience had posed fresh challenges to critical artistic discussion. The object of discussion now becomes not so much the necessity of a critical position, as the tactics and strategies of its realization (D. Vilensky "Critique of the 'Living Romantic Role Model'..."; K. Chukhrov "Contemporary Art in the Midst of False Democracy and Institutional Policies"), whereas in the very experience of the protest movement, its contradictions and limitations begin to be critically revealed (A. Bikbov "Self-Trial through Protest").
While this volume aimed at commemorating the twentieth anniversary of the journal was getting readied for publication, new social upheavals turned another page in history. The present analyzed between these covers, and the ensuing perspectives into the past, have themselves currently become a bygone fact of the past, having bestowed to the "Moscow Art Magazine" and its authors new goals and having pointed them to new directions of work...
Bird & Crocodile
Digest 2005–2007
Moscow Art Magazine is supported by
Художественный журналMoscow Art Magazine
mos.artmag@gmail.com
© 2017 Moscow Art Magazine. All rights reservedMade by Charmer


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TV / PPV
Bad Luck Fale says early Bullet Club wasn't racially motivated
By Greg Bush - September 16, 2018
The Bullet Club began back in 2013 with a disgruntled and frustrated Prince Devitt, who had just failed to defeat Hiroshi Tanahashi in a one-on-one match at NJPW's 41st Anniversary event that year. Devitt would bring in King Fale as his bouncer, dubbing him "The Underboss" Bad Luck Fale. Over the next few months, Karl Anderson and Tama Tonga would join them, and the four men would dub themselves the Bullet Club.
The group began as an all-gaijin stable in its early days, and Bad Luck Fale spoke about the group's origins with New Japan Pro Wrestling.
Originally, the group began as a stable of international wrestlers. Was the Bullet Club's initial heat racially motivated?
No, the heat wasn't racial. Foreigners always have a tough time in Japan. Doesn't matter if you speak Japanese or if you have family members here, it's always an upward battle. The heat that we got was purely wrestling… the passion and the drama we had for pro wrestling.
Fale also went on to discuss Kenny Omega, stating that he doesn't blame the IWGP Heavyweight Champion for the division in Bullet Club but said that Omega's goals were different from the group's initial goal.
Fale also said that Bullet Club will never come back together, claiming that Firing Squad and The Elite have differing views that will keep them from mending their relationship.
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Tags: Bad Luck Fale, Bullet Club, New Japan Pro Wrestling
Soulshroude
I don't care how you feel "I think" or feel. If I wanted your opinion… I would have posted it, myself.
Whistling Joe
I don't think you know how racism works.
That's not a racist opinion, that's just small town culture bias. Racist would be certain "terms" added to that statement such as "n*gger" and that sort of ilk.
"You aren't from here so we don't like you." Sounds racist to me.
You and your response would be considered as "gaijin."
You may argue semantics all you wish. This kind of debate is for those who tread through college in order to "justify" motive and/or form movements based upon antagonistic idealism.
Exactly MY point…
Um… he didn't bring it up, the interviewer did…
This being racial or xenophobic does not mean they "hate" other races, it means they feel they should be treated differently because they are not their own.
There are many of things being racial. Yes there is the hate aspect, but there is also segregation just because you feel they have no place doing certain things.
Actually it is both.
Eh? So by not being accepted because you are not Japanese is racial/xenophobic. Just because it is "heritage" does not detract from the fact you are being excluded or treated differently because of your nationality or skin tone.
I disagree, most people have a rational concept of what they hate. Which isn't racist, it's bias.
That's not racial. It's their Japanese Heritage. If your gaijin, wouldn't understand this… nor be accepted by Japanese Culture or community.
Why do things NEED to be centered around "racism" by black people, any day? It's old, stale and boring.
Tokeman
It really ISN'T racial. It is Xenophobia.
yeah, it makes no sense lol
"Foreigners always have a tough time in Japan. Doesn't matter if you
speak Japanese or if you have family members here, it's always an upward
battle."
Sounds pretty racial to me if foreigners ALWAYS have a tough time.
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De Vine Martinborough is located on Cologne Street, right in the heart of Martinborough.
This beautifully designed four bedroom home has been purpose built and furnished to provide luxury accommodation.
The lounge, dining, kitchen and family areas are open plan, with great indoor/outdoor flow to the outdoor entertaining area. The BBQ, spa pool and lawn are private and fully fenced.
Sit and relax in front of the 50'' plasma TV, DVD player with an inbuilt surround sound system.
The fully equipped kitchen allows to cater for a romantic dinner or a function for family or corporate guests.
For larger groups we have a similar four bedroom house next door 14a and a house at 26 Cologne Street.
Only a 5 minute walk to the Square, shops and cafes; a slightly longer walk or bike ride to the nearby vineyards on Puruatanga Road.
Pricing: Sunday to Thursday nights - $200 per night for up to 2 people + $45 per night each extra person. Friday andamp; Saturday nights - $250 per night for up to 2 people + $45 per night each extra person.
Special conditions may apply for weekend bookings, public holidays and local event dates. Check in 2pm; check out 10am. Smoking permitted outside only.
Great place for a group!
The place was great and felt really welcome. Diane took time out of her Christmas Day to come and meet us and let us in to the property! The place was so clean and tidy and the hot tub was great. Would recommend to anyone!
So close to everything we needed - bike rental, the square, four square.
Great location close to Martinborough square with everything you need.
Great location close to Martinborough square with everything you need. Loved the spa too.
Excellent location so handy to Martinborough easy walking distance.
Excellant property, really handy location (walking distance to the square and out to lovely vineyards). Ample space for the 7 of us.


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[The staff]... all came across as very supportive and interested in their students [at the Y7 parents' evening]."
How the teachers always want the best from the student and guide them in the right direction."
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No need to be afraid of asking, for everyone is helpful."
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And unto Joseph in the land of Egypt were born Manasseh and Ephraim, which Asenath the daughter of Potipherah priest of On bare unto him.
These are the sons of Rachel, which were born to Jacob: all the souls were fourteen.
These are the sons of Bilhah, which Laban gave unto Rachel his daughter, and she bare these unto Jacob: all the souls were seven.


text:
Frederick Steven Couples (born October 3, 1959) is an American professional golfer who has competed on the PGA Tour and the PGA Tour Champions. A former World No. 1, he has won 64 professional tournaments, most notably the Masters Tournament  and the Players Championship in 1984

In August 2011, he won his first senior major at the Senior Players Championship and followed this up in July 2012 when he won the Senior Open Championship. He was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2013. Couples garnered the nickname "Boom Boom" for his long, accurate driving ability off the tee during the prime of his career.

Early years and education
Couples was born in Seattle, Washington, to Tom and Violet (née Sobich) Couples. His paternal grandparents immigrated from Italy and changed the family name from "Coppola" to "Couples" to make it sound less ethnic, and his mother was of Croatian descent.

His father was a groundskeeper for the Seattle Parks Department and the family, which included brother Tom Jr. and sister Cindy, lived in a modest house on Beacon Hill near the city's Jefferson Park golf course, where Couples developed his signature loose, rhythmic swing in order to gain enough distance to keep up with the older children. Couples admitted to being self-taught, never taking a lesson and never hiring a swing coach.

Couples attended O'Dea High School in Seattle and graduated in 1977. He accepted a golf scholarship to the University of Houston. As a member of the Houston Cougars men's golf team, he roomed with Blaine McCallister, another future PGA Tour player, and future CBS television broadcaster

As a 19-year-old amateur, Couples beat PGA Tour veteran (and fellow Seattle native) Don Bies in a playoff to win the 1978 Washington Open at the Glendale Country Club in Bellevue.

Professional career

PGA Tour
Couples's first PGA Tour victory came at the Kemper Open in 1983 at Congressional Country Club in suburban Washington, D.C. Playing in the final group with Scott Simpson and Chen Tze-chung, the three finished over one hour after the previous group on the course. In spite of rounds of 77, 76, and 77, Couples, Simpson, and Chen finished tied for first along with Gil Morgan and Barry Jaeckel who had finished their rounds several hours earlier. Jaeckel, who spent time in a bar waiting for regulation play to conclude, was eliminated on the first playoff hole after hitting a wild tee shot. On the second hole, Couples scored a birdie to take home the title.

In addition to his Kemper Open win, Couples won another fourteen PGA Tour titles. Among them were two Players Championships (1984, 1996) and one major victory, the 1992 Masters Tournament.

Couples was named the PGA Tour Player of the Year twice, in 1991 and 1992. He also won the Vardon Trophy for lowest scoring average in each of those years. He has been named to the United States Ryder Cup team five times, in 1989, 1991, 1993, 1995 and 1997.

In 1992, Couples became the first American player to reach the number one position in the Official World Golf Rankings (since the World Ranking points system debuted in April 1986).  He spent 16 weeks at number 1, after one of the hottest ever starts to a season by a PGA Tour player. Beginning with the Nissan Los Angeles Open, where he defeated Davis Love III in a playoff, Couples won two tournaments and finished second in two others in the five weeks leading up to The Masters. At Augusta, Couples carried over his momentum, shooting in the 60s in each of the first three rounds to hold second place heading into Sunday. After a shaky start to his final round that allowed 49-year-old Raymond Floyd to claim the lead, Couples took it back with 18- and 20-foot birdie putts at the 8th and 9th holes, respectively, then saved par on a slick 6-footer at 10. At 12 (perhaps the scariest par-3 in the world), Couples barely cleared Rae's Creek in front of the green. Although his ball rolled back towards the water, it incredibly remained on the bank and he saved par. Sensing that destiny was on his side, Couples held off Floyd the rest of the way, completing Augusta's treacherous back nine with eight pars and one birdie to win his first Major. The win pushed Couples past the $1 million mark in earnings on the season as well, by far the fastest any player had reached that plateau.

Couples is sometimes called "Mr. Skins" because of his dominance in the Skins Game. He has won the event five times (in 1995, 1996, 1999, 2003, and 2004), accumulating over $3.5 million and 77 skins in 11 appearances. Because of his dominance at the Skins and other off-season events like the Johnnie Walker World Golf Championship, Couples is also known as the "King of the Silly Season," referring to the exotic made-for-TV events staged in the winter that are better known as the "silly season."

Couples was frequently accused of "choking" in his early career, with mistakes in the 1989 Ryder Cup and the 1990 PGA Championship at Shoal Creek Golf and Country Club often mentioned.

Couples has nine top-10 finishes in the Open Championship, including tying for third in 1991 at Royal Birkdale, shooting a last round 64, and again tying for third in 2005 at St Andrews. In addition to his The Open Championship success Couples played well in many other international tournaments. He won two prestigious European Tour events, the Dubai Desert Classic and the Johnnie Walker Classic, in back-to-back weeks in 1995. He also finished runner-up in three European Tour events in his career: the 1989 BMW International Open, the 1994 Johnnie Walker Classic, and the 1997 Heineken Classic. He also finished runner-up on the Australasian Tour's 1988 Johnnie Walker Australian Classic, Japan Golf Tour's prestigious 1993 Dunlop Phoenix Tournament, and the Asian Tour's 2005 SK Telecom Open.

Since March 1994, back injuries have affected Couples's career. His swing features an extreme shoulder turn at the top, which, combined with the fact that he keeps his left foot flat on the ground throughout the backswing, puts a lot of pressure on his lower back. However, with an abbreviated schedule, Couples is still one of the best players on Tour. In 2003, at age 44, Couples finished 34th on the PGA Tour money list. That year he also won the Shell Houston Open, his first win in five years; Couples wept with joy after the win, but quickly explained the tears, saying: "I'm always emotional when nice things happen to nice people."

In April 2006, Couples challenged at Augusta, making a Sunday run at what would have been his second green jacket before finally losing to eventual winner Phil Mickelson, with whom he was paired in the final round. Had Couples won, he would have been the oldest player ever to win the Masters at age —supplanting Jack Nicklaus, who, coincidentally, won his final Masters 20 years earlier and also at the age of 46. His competitiveness in the tournament was an encouraging sign for his career. "I didn't hit the ball like I was 46," Couples said.

Couples's part in the USA 1993 Dunhill Cup win included victory in all five of his matches, and his overall record reads: played 16, won 12, lost 4. In 2004, Couples won the Dunhill Links Championship Team Event at St Andrews, partnered by New Zealand amateur Craig Heatley.

In 2005 Couples sank a crucial putt in the Presidents Cup, securing an unlikely 1-up victory over the International team's best player, Vijay Singh. This match proved to be pivotal in the contest. Couples has now played Singh three times in Presidents Cup match play, and has yet to lose.

Couples was sidelined for virtually the entire 2007 season because of health problems. However, he did compete in the 2007 Masters, making the cut for the 23rd consecutive time, tying the record held by Gary Player. Couples missed the cut in 2008 and 2009.

In 2009, Couples limited his play but performed impressively at the Northern Trust Open. If it wasn't for Phil Mickelson shooting a 62 on that Saturday, Couples may have won instead of finishing third. He nearly won the Shell Houston Open but bogeyed the last three holes and finished third behind Paul Casey. He also played well at the HP Byron Nelson Championship (T8) and the AT&T National (T11) tournaments. He hurt his back practicing for the RBC Canadian Open and had to withdraw. But he rested and recovered and made the cut for the PGA Championship (T36) and performed successfully in the Wyndham Championship (T5) which put him past the $1 million mark on the money list for the 7th time in his career.

Couples was named as Presidents Cup captain for the 2009 United States team on February 26, 2008, and led the U.S. team to a decisive victory nineteen months later.

Couples and Jason Dufner were the 36-hole co-leaders at the Masters in 2012; at age 52, he was looking to become the oldest to win a major. He dropped back with 75 in the third round and finished tied for twelfth.

He is one of the few professional golfers who never plays with a glove.

PGA Tour Champions
Couples made his debut on the Champions Tour at the opening event of the 2010 season, the Mitsubishi Electric Championship in Hawaii. He nearly won the tournament, finishing second to Tom Watson. Despite the loss, Couples stated, "I had a wonderful time. I think I was 21 under par and didn't win a tournament. That hasn't happened too many times." Had he won, he would have become the 16th player to win his Champions Tour debut. He won his next three starts, The ACE Group Classic, the Toshiba Classic and the Cap Cana Championship, becoming the first player in Champions Tour history to win three of his first four career events. Couples made another run at the 2010 Masters Tournament but finished 6th. It was his 26th top ten finish in a major tournament.

He finished second in the 2010 Senior PGA Championship. Later in the same year he finished runner-up to Bernhard Langer in the U.S. Senior Open. Couples had a one-shot lead after 55 holes, but disaster struck on the par 5 2nd hole. He decided to lay up rather than going for the green. His lay-up shot was effective, but his 3rd shot landed in the water. After dropping 4, his 5th shot was driven over the green. He finished the hole with a triple bogey; his one-shot lead became a 3 shot deficit. He played solidly for the rest of the round, but could not catch up to Langer.

Couples earned a 4th win at the Administaff Small Business Classic. On Sunday, he was grouped with Corey Pavin and Mark Wiebe and soared past them and the rest of the field shooting a 9 under 63, with 29 on the back nine. Couples won the Champions Tour Rookie of the Year award in 2010.

Couples was sidelined once again for most of the 2011 season because of his stubborn back problems. But after receiving treatment in Germany, he was able to come back. He won his first major tournament on the senior circuit by defeating John Cook, on the third hole of a sudden death play-off, capturing the Senior Players Championship.

In July 2012, Couples won his second senior major championship when he won The Senior Open Championship at Turnberry. He came from a stroke back to win by two over Gary Hallberg. He made a 25-foot putt for birdie on the last hole to hold off Hallberg, for a round of three under 68 on Sunday. This was his eighth victory in total on the Champions Tour.

In 2016, Couples was forced to forgo the Masters Tournament for the first time since 1994, citing ongoing back problems, which have plagued him throughout his career.

Other ventures
Couples co-designs golf courses with his design partner, Gene D. Bates. This venture, beginning in 1992 has resulted in the formation of Couples Bates Golf Design firm (Now Bates Golf Design Group), and over 20 award-winning championship golf courses worldwide.

Couples currently takes the supplement Anatabloc and is a brand ambassador for the anti-inflammatory neutraceutical containing anatabine.  He wears the brand logo on his left arm of his golf shirts.

Couples has lent his name to two video games: Fred Couples Golf for the Game Gear, and Golf Magazine: 36 Great Holes Starring Fred Couples for the 32X, both published by Sega in 1994.

Personal life
Couples's marriage to his first wife Deborah ended in 1992. They had met as students at the University of Houston  The divorce was finalized in 1993, and she later jumped to her death in May 2001. The Los Angeles City coroner's office ruled it a suicide. Couples' estranged second wife, Thais Baker, died from breast cancer on February 17, 2009. They had married in 1998 and the union was childless. Couples married his long time girlfriend, Suzanne Hannemann, on February 22, 2022.

Couples currently resides in Newport Beach, California.

Couples, a self-proclaimed "Sports Junkie," is a member of the Seattle Seahawks 12th Man. He raised the 12th Man flag prior to the Seahawks Monday Night Football game against the New Orleans Saints on December 2, 2013.

Couples is good friends with Michael Jordan and named him one of his assistant coaches when he coached the President's Cup in 2011.

Awards
 Inducted into the National Italian-American Sports Hall of Fame in 2007.
 Inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in May 2013.
 Inaugurated in the Croatian-American Sports Hall of Fame in October 2022.

Professional wins (64)

PGA Tour wins (15)

*Note: The 1993 Honda Classic was shortened to 54 holes due to inclement weather.

PGA Tour playoff record (5–4)

European Tour wins (3)

Other wins (33)

Other playoff record (1–2)

PGA Tour Champions wins (14)

PGA Tour Champions playoff record (2–2)

Playoff record
PGA Tour of Australasia playoff record (0–1)

Major championships

Wins (1)

Results timeline
Results not in chronological order in 2020.

LA = Low amateur
CUT = missed the half-way cut
"T" indicates a tie for a place
NT = No tournament due to COVID-19 pandemic

Summary

Most consecutive cuts made – 13 (twice)
Longest streak of top-10s – 3 (twice)

The Players Championship

Wins (2)

Results timeline

CUT = missed the halfway cut
"T" indicates a tie for a place.

Results in World Golf Championships

1Cancelled due to 9/11

QF, R16, R32, R64 = Round in which player lost in match play
"T" = Tied
WD = Withdrew
NT = No tournament

Senior major championships

Wins (2)

Results timeline
Results not in chronological order before 2021.

DQ = disqualified
WD = withdrew
CUT = missed the half-way cut
"T" indicates a tie for a place
NT = No tournament due to COVID-19 pandemic

U.S. national team appearances
USA vs. Japan: 1984
Ryder Cup: 1989 (tie), 1991 (winners), 1993 (winners), 1995, 1997
Four Tours World Championship: 1990, 1991
Dunhill Cup: 1991, 1992, 1993 (winners), 1994
World Cup of Golf: 1992 (winners), 1993 (winners), 1994 (winners), 1995 (winners)
Presidents Cup: 1994 (winners), 1996 (winners), 1998, 2005 (winners), 2009 (non-playing captain, winners), 2011 (non-playing captain, winners), 2013 (non-playing captain, winners)
UBS Cup: 2004 (winners)
Wendy's 3-Tour Challenge (representing PGA Tour): 1992, 1994 (winners), 1996 (winners), 1997 (winners), 1998, 2001, 2004, 2005, 2009

See also
Fall 1980 PGA Tour Qualifying School graduates
List of golfers with most Champions Tour wins

References

External links

American male golfers
Houston Cougars men's golfers
PGA Tour golfers
PGA Tour Champions golfers
Ryder Cup competitors for the United States
Winners of men's major golf championships
Winners of senior major golf championships
World Golf Hall of Fame inductees
Golfers from Seattle
American people of Italian descent
American people of Croatian descent
1959 births
Living people

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Robin Dunne est un acteur, réalisateur et scénariste canadien, né le  à Toronto (Ontario).

Il est connu pour son rôle dans la série télévisée Sanctuary.

Biographie

Carrière
Robin Dunne naît le  à Toronto, en Ontario. Il est, depuis qu'il est enfant, fan de la saga Star Wars qui l'incite à devenir acteur.

Ses débuts sont difficiles, et s'il tourne notamment avec Ryan Reynolds, il apparaît dans des séries comme NCIS : Enquêtes spéciales.

Il devient bientôt un personnage culte de la télé lorsqu'il joue l'un des premiers rôles dans la série Sanctuary, rôle que lui propose son ami Martin Wood qui cherche des acteurs pour sa nouvelle série. Après des mois de travail sur la série, celle-ci sort sur Syfy. Robin Dunne devient célèbre, joue avec une grande actrice ayant déjà sa place à la télé, Amanda Tapping et participe à de nombreuses conventions comme la Halfway Convention en France ou encore à la Comic Con de San Diego.

Vie privée
En 2002, il se marie à Heidi Lenhart Lenhart, et divorce en 2005. En 2016, il se marie à Farrah Aviva Heidi.

Filmographie

Acteur

Films

Séries télévisées

Téléfilms

Réalisateur

Films

Séries télévisées

Téléfilm
 2018 : Un Noël sous les projecteurs (Entertaining Christmas)

Scénariste

Films

Séries télévisées
 2014 : Relationsh*t (5 épisodes)
 2019 : Gamer's Paradise (2 épisodes)

Téléfilms

Notes et références

Liens externes

Acteur canadien
Acteur canadien de doublage
Acteur ayant incarné Robin des Bois
Réalisateur canadien
Scénariste canadien de cinéma
Naissance en novembre 1976
Naissance à Toronto


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text:
Q: Watir-webdriver : Accessing elements using Indexing I am trying to access a li element using indexing

The code I am using is
@browser.div(:class,'item-list').ul.li(:index => 2)

The question is : These are elements on a page and I will be using a loop to access each element. I thought using indexing will solve the problem but when I write my code and execute it I get the following error
expected #<Watir::LI:0x2c555f80 located=false selector={:index=>2, :tag_name=>"li"}> to exist (RSpec::Expectations::ExpectationNotMetError)

How can I access these elements using Indexing.

A: If you've got class-naming that nice, forget indexing!  Do a partial match on the "views-row" parameter:
@browser.li(:class => /views-row-1/)

This can easily be parameterized for looping (although I don't know what you're doing with the information so this loop will not be very exciting).
x = 0
until x==9
  x+=1
  puts  @browser.li(:class => /views-row-#{x}/).text
end

You could also blindly loop through the li's contained in your div if you'd like:
   @browser.div(:class,'item-list').lis.each do |li|
      puts li.text
   end

A: According to the Watir wiki, Watir supports the :index method on the li element. So unless it is a bug in watir-webdriver, I think the index should work.
You may want to try the watir mailing list to see if this is a problem for others.