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Vis Island
From Split and Trogir: 5 Islands Day Trip
From Split: Blue Cave 5 Islands Day Trip Entrance Included
From Milna or Supetar: Magical Blue Cave Island Hopping
From Split: Blue Cave & Five Islands With Hvar Boat Tour
Brač: Blue Cave Island Hopping Deluxe Tour
Blue Cave & Hvar Tour: Five Islands from Split
From Trogir: Blue Cave, Hvar and 5 Islands Private Boat Tour
Split: Vis Island Cruise, "Mamma Mia" Locations & Snorkeling
From Split: Blue Cave, Hvar and 5 Islands Private Tour
Split: Blue Cave, 5 Islands, & Snorkeling Speedboat Tour
From Split: Hvar Five Islands and Blue Cave Private Tour
From Split: Boat Tour to the Blue Cave and Hvar
Our most recommended things to do in Vis Island
1. From Split: Blue Cave 5 Islands Day Trip Entrance Included
Explore the islands of the Adriatic Sea on a full-day tour from Split. Visit the Blue Cave, sunbathe or go snorkelling on Stiniva beach, and enjoy free time in Hvar on this speedboat excursion. Climb aboard a speedboat to visit the Blue Cave on Biševo island (tickets included). Arrive when the sunlight reflects through the seafloor and bathes the cave in aquamarine light. Enjoy a short coffee break in the village of Komiža on Vis island. At around 12:00 PM, cruise to the southern side to swim in the unique bay of Stiniva. The next locations are small, hidden caves around Vis island. Stiniva bay is the first swimming stop of the day, for about half an hour, followed by the second one on Budikovac island. This is the only sandy beach among all other pebble beaches along our way so be sure to hop in and feel sand on your toes. Dry landing directly onto the beach, you'll have more than enough time to cool off, sunbathe and snorkel in this unique bay. Enjoy a panoramic view of the Pakleni archipelago on the way to Hvar where you will have more than two hours of free time. The boat will return to the same place where the tour started from, at around 6:00 PM.
2. Split: Blue Cave & Hvar Full-Day Trip by Speedboat
Get an ultimate snapshot of central Dalmatia on a full-day speedboat tour. Depart from Split and visit the spectacular Blue Cave, the picturesque Pakleni Island, and the charming town of Hvar. Set off from Split and head first to one of Croatia's most stunning natural wonders; the Blue Cave on Biševo Island. Watch the rays of the sun turn the grotto blue. The next stop is Seal Monk Cave, another beautiful natural landmark. Soak up the sun in Stiniva Cove on Vis Island. Marvel at the beauty of the pebble beach enclosed by vertical cliffs. Explore its beauty from the speedboat and take a picture of this unspoiled attraction. Then, submerge yourself in Budikovac's turquoise lagoon, or let curiosity guide you past the extended pebble beach of Dalmatia's only island with a single inhabitant. Explore the Pakleni Islands, a collection of 14 untouched islets. Go to one of the cocktail bars with great music, or swim in the crystal clear waters of the Adriatic. Continue to Hvar Town in style and visit the charming seaside town with 8 centuries of architecture waiting to be explored. Climb the stairs to the ancient Fortica Fortress, wedged into the landscape above the town. Breathe in the pine-scented breeze as you admire the vistas of the old town below and the Pakleni archipelago in the distance. See one of the first public theaters in Europe, and keep this as your point of reference before entering the labyrinthine backstreets of town to pop into craft shops and cafés, tucked into old Venetian palaces. Finally, return to Split in the early evening.
3. From Split: Blue Cave, Vis & Hvar Full-Day Trip by Speedboat
Speed around the Dalmatian coast on an adrenaline-fueled speedboat ride. See beaches like Stiniva, landmarks like the Blue Cave, and go snorkeling in pristine blue waters. Meet your skipper and the group at the tour partner's office on Riva, city promenade. Hop on a speedboat and enjoy a 90 minute thrilling ride from Split to Biševo Island to the highlight feature, the Blue Cave. With its silvery-blue color, created by light refraction of sunlight entering through a crack in the stone, it leaves nobody indifferent. Stiniva was declared the most beautiful beach in Europe in 2015. Your next destination is a small paradise on earth situated between 3 islets, Blue Lagoon on Budikovac island. Blue lagoon is a favorite destination for many guests on the Blue cave tour (own expense). Beautiful clear sea, beach, and a small bar make this place a perfect place to take a swim or snorkel, laze on the beach, or stroll on the pretty island. The crew will provide you with snorkeling equipment. Swimming is not allowed in the Blue Cave. The next location will leave you breathless - it is time for Pakleni islands. Pakleni islands are a group of small islands (approx. 20 of them) around island of Hvar. The most popular is Palmižana which is located on the Klement island. It is a sandy inlet in the shade of the old pines. There you have free time for lunch, swimming, snorkeling or exploring the island. The final destination is the town of Hvar, Dalmatia's trendiest destination and an island with more than 2500 years of rich history. You will visit Hvar town and the things that make this town so special are historical – cultural heritage, fortress on the top of the town (20 min to get up) with the best view of town Hvar, its surrounding sea, many cool bars and restaurants, and much more. You will have some free time to explore the town and get lost in the small narrow streets like locals do. To end your trip, hop back on a speedboat and enjoy the breathtaking beauty of the Adriatic sea while you cruise towards Split.
4. Blue Cave & Hvar Tour: Five Islands from Split
Jump on a speedboat for an early morning, exciting 90-minute ride to Biševo Island and visit the Blue Cave from Split. Your tour is timed perfectly for you to experience memorable scenery as the sunlight reflects through the sea and illuminates the entire cave in aquamarine blue light. Be entertained with stories from your official local guide on how the cave was discovered. Next, travel to Monk Seal cave where the Mediterranean seal used to reside. Pass by the WWII military bunkers on the Southern side of the island and discover small caves, beaches and diverse forms of nature and rocks caused by sea changes. Your next destination is Stiniva Bay, voted best European beach in 2016 where you'll get to stop for a swim in the unique Narrow Bay. Afterwards, stop on Budikovac island for a longer swim on a hidden white pebble beach with turquoise water. Here you will have more than enough time to sit back and enjoy your favorite cocktail. On your way to the island of Hvar, you'll get to witness panoramic views of the amazing archipelago of Pakleni islands. Your final stop is Hvar, one of most beautiful harbours of the world, with a rich cultural heritage and walls dating back to the 7th century. In the town of Hvar you will have at least 2.5-hours free time before your fun outing comes to an end.
5. Split: Blue Cave and 5 Islands Tour
Your tour starts at 7:30AM from where you will travel on a comfortable and safe speed boat fit for 12 people. The first stop is the mesmerizing Blue Cave, which is known for its shimmering blue water and is located on the small island of Biševo. Depending on the season, the ideal moment to visit the cave is between 10:00AM and noon. At this time of day, the sunlight reflects through the water coming from the white floor of the cave and bathes the grotto in aquamarine light. This light causes the objects in the water to appear to be silver. The second stop is Stiniva Cove, which was awarded the best beach of Europe in 2016 and is famous for its difficult approach and crystal clear waters. You'll spend 40 minutes there swimming and sunbathing before making your way to the next stop of Budikovac Island. The beautiful blue-lagoon-like beach captures your attention from the moment you enter it, and is the perfect place for snorkeling and swimming. If you'd not prefer to swim, you can always choose to have a drink in a local beach bar. Following an hour of sea fun, you will travel to the Pakleni Islands, a beautiful set of islands located in front of Hvar. There you can find some of the best seafood restaurants or popular beach clubs. The city of Hvar is a real treat, due to it being one of the most famous tourist destinations in the world. There you can explore the local cuisine in the many restaurants and lounge bars. When it comes to sightseeing, you can't miss the city's highlights which include the fortress on top of the hill, the main square, and the St. Stephen's Cathedral. Hvar is the final stop of the tour, but on your way back to Split you will have the chance to experience one of the most beautiful sunsets in the area.
6. From Milna or Supetar: Magical Blue Cave Island Hopping
Begin your tour from Milna or Supetar on Brač island and head directly to Biševo island, where the famous Blue Cave is located. Make the most of your visit to this magical place by going when the seas are calmer in the morning. Anchor nearby, then take a small wooden paddle boat to enter the cave. Once inside, marvel at the cave's magnificent blue color as it is illuminated by sunshine making its way through an opening in the rock. Spend some time soaking up the unique atmosphere of the Blue Cave, which was only discovered by divers in 1884. After your Blue Cave visit, make your way to Komiža, a small coastal town on the Mediterranean island of Vis known for its rich history and function as a military base. While there, explore stunning coastal cliffs and traditional architecture around the harbor. Then, discover Stiniva cove on your next stop, a unique natural bay which was voted one of the most beautiful beaches in Europe. Later, stop near the island of Budikovac, where you can take a dive into the crystal clear Blue Lagoon from the boat. See the protected lush botanical garden in the Palmižana bay. Hvar will be your final stop. Enjoy some free time to make the most of the last hours of the day. Discover the many treasures of the town of Hvar, famous for a large number of sunny hours as well as a rich historical and cultural heritage, before you go back to Brač.
7. From Split: Blue Cave & Five Islands With Hvar Boat Tour
Your journey begins in Split from where you will set off to one of the most famous places on the Adriatic – the Blue Cave. The Blue Cave on Biševo island is one those surreal places that reminds you just how beautiful the world can be once you escape the city. While waiting to enter the Blue Cave, you will explore Bear Cave, where a colony of Mediterranean monk seals used to live- the Cave is intimidating and dark, yet amazing and truly magnificent. At around 12 o'clock it is time to head to the southern part of the island and visit Stiniva Beach – voted the best beach in Europe. It is breathtakingly secluded with a sea entrance that is just 16 feet wide. Afterwards, you will go for a swimming brake to the hidden turquoise lagoon on Island Vis to enjoy the untouched nature of this part of the island. This is the time to relax on the pebbled beach, swim, and soak up the sun. At 1:40 pm, you will cruise among the beautiful Pakleni islands. Then, appreciate the beauty of the city of Hvar on Hvar Island. You will have two hours to explore this city and its exquisite architecture.
8. From Split: Boat Tour to the Blue Cave and Hvar
Start with pickup from your hotel in Split and join your group on a comfortable speedboat heading to the Blue Cave. Upon arrival to the small island of Bisevo, board a small wooden paddle boat and duck your head as you pass through the entrance to the Blue Cave. Admire the stunning interior of the cave, with its characteristic blue colour. Next, make your way to the island of Vis and the charming town of Komiza. Grab your morning coffee or breakfast in the seaside restaurants in the town. Back on the boat, enjoy some time for swimming or snorkelling in the crystal clear water of the Blue Lagoon near the island of Budikovac. Admire the rocky cliffs of the Stiniva cove. Keep your eyes peeled for dolphins on the way to Palmizana and Hvar. Discover the small tourist oasis of Palmizana with its botanical garden and white sand beach. Next, explore the historical sites of the town of Hvar and its outstanding architecture. Climb up the fortress for a stunning view of the Hvar archipelago. Be sure to try local Lavender ice cream, a local speciality due to the lavender plants grown all year round. After exploring Hvar, be transferred back to the port at Split.
9. Brač: Blue Cave Island Hopping Deluxe Tour
See a variety of beautiful islands and hidden bays all in one day. Join this tour on Brač Island and sail off to see more of the Croatian coast and explore its hidden gems and unique landscape. The first stop will be the famous Blue Cave, known for its specific illumination and unique atmosphere caused by the sunlight that penetrates through an opening. It is best to visit during the morning hours while the sea is quiet and the sun rays penetrate into the interior. Afterward, experience the true Mediterranean lifestyle in Komiža, a small town where you can explore coastal cliffs and traditional architecture. Next, stop at the unique Stiniva Cove, also located on Vis Island. Then, head straight to the Blue Lagoon, near the island of Budikovac, which is the best place for swimming and snorkelling. Jump off the boat and dive into the turquoise waters of the Adriatic Sea. Stop shortly on Palmižana, a small uninhabited village on the island of St. Clement, which is the ideal place for relaxing on the sandy beach or enjoying the scents of the protected botanic garden. Before returning to Brač, make a final stop on Hvar Island. It is not only rich with historical monuments, but also the sunniest island in Croatia. Discover the fortress, the Franciscan monastery or the Hvar Arsenal, the oldest theatre in Europe dating from the 13th century and be mesmerised by how much has been preserved from the past.
10. Split: Vis Island Cruise, "Mamma Mia" Locations & Snorkeling
Depart from Split and set sail along the stunning Croatian coastline. Stop at the historic Stončica Lighthouse, which has a long tradition of active lighthouse keepers who still tend to the complex today. Afterwards, explore the island's fascinating World War Two militarily tunnels and learn about their use during the war. Next, take a tour of the island and pass by some of the filming locations for the popular "Mamma Mia: Here We Go Again" movie. Admire these locations first-hand, which are a delight for even those who haven't seen the movie. Continue the tour to Komiža next, a small fishing village that is bursting with authentic charm. Enjoy a stroll through the narrow streets lined with quaint stone houses and get a sense for local life. Once you've worked up a bit of a sweat from your travels, cool off from the heat with a dip in the mesmerizing Stiniva Bay. Spend some free time swimming in the crystal clear waters of the Adriatic Sea and go snorkeling in search of colorful marine life. If you'd rather stay on dry land, soak up the sunshine from the beach and marvel at the scenic views that surround you.
Frequently asked questions about Vis Island
What top attractions are a must-see in Vis Island?
The must-see attractions in Vis Island are:
Stiniva Cove
Stončica
See all must-see sights in Vis Island
What are the top things to do in Vis Island this week?
The top things to do in Vis Island are:
Hvar Wine Tour + Dalmatian Dinner
Split: Blue Cave and 5 Islands Tour
Vis: Island Quad Tour and Military Facilities
Explore the best things to do in Vis Island on GetYourGuide
Which tours in Vis Island are taking additional COVID-19 precautions?
These experiences in Vis Island are taking additional COVID-19 precautions:
See all Vis Island tours on GetYourGuide
Top Attractions in Vis Island
1 Stiniva Cove
2 Stončica
Things to Do in Vis Island
1 Vis Island Nature & Adventure
2 Vis Island Tours
3 Vis Island Cave Tours
4 Vis Island Diving
5 Vis Island Sailing Trips & Tours
6 Vis Island Wine Tasting & Winery Tours
7 Vis Island Snorkeling
8 Vis Island Day Trips
9 Vis Island Tickets
10 Vis Island Quad & ATV Tours
11 Vis Island Cruises & Boat Tours
12 Vis Island Boats & Yachts
13 Vis Island Dinner Package
14 Vis Island Activities
15 Vis Island Summer
16 Vis Island Culinary & Nightlife
17 Vis Island Walking Tours
18 Vis Island Rentals
19 Vis Island Food & Gourmet Tours
20 Vis Island Speed & Jet Boat Tours
Cities in Vis Island
Other Sightseeing Options in Vis Island
Want to discover all there is to do in Vis Island? Click here for a full list.
What people are saying about Vis Island
It was really a great experience this tour! The guides were very nice and approachable, which I always appreciate. The blue grotto is beautiful, but I wouldn't really have needed it for the effort. We were lucky and only had to wait an hour - but if there is a lot going on it can take 3 hours, which really doesn't make up for the 10 minutes in the cave. What was a bit of a shame, we found that loud music was constantly playing on the boat, but that is of course a matter of taste (Split is now also a party town). You should definitely take a windbreaker and long clothes with you because the wind is very cool. What is also good to know: The registration office is NOT located directly on the water by the boats, but opposite on the beach promenade. If you come a few minutes later, that's not a problem either. All in all, I would do it again at any time and recommend it to others!
From Split: Blue Cave, Vis & Hvar Full-Day Trip by Speedboat Reviewed by Katharina, 18/09/2021
Great tour. Great team. Perfectly prepared and very helpful. 20 degrees in October and it wasn't too cold. We were broadcast with very good jackets.
From Split: Blue Cave 5 Islands Day Trip Entrance Included Reviewed by , 17/10/2021
Awesome day. The guide and the skipper were very friendly. The Blue Caves were closed but the alternatives offered were very good. Worth the cost
From Split: Blue Cave, Vis & Hvar Full-Day Trip by Speedboat Reviewed by Fanny, 25/10/2021
Great crew, great boat, great music and especially great places ! No waiting time at the blue cave. Thank you !
Split: Blue Cave & Hvar Full-Day Trip by Speedboat Reviewed by Léo, 21/09/2021
Our number one activity. Cannot recommend this tour or Vedran enough!! You won't be disappointed
Blue Cave & Hvar Tour: Five Islands from Split Reviewed by Niamh, 22/10/2021


Activation of H-Ras in the endoplasmic reticulum by the RasGRF family guanine nucleotide exchange factors.
Recent findings indicate that in addition to its location in the peripheral plasma membrane, H-Ras is found in endomembranes like the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex. In these locations H-Ras is functional and can efficiently engage downstream effectors, but little is known about how its activation is regulated in these environments. Here we show that the RasGRF family exchange factors, both endogenous and ectopically expressed, are present in the endoplasmic reticulum but not in the Golgi complex. With the aid of H-Ras constructs specifically tethered to the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi complex, we demonstrate that RasGRF1 and RasGRF2 can activate plasma membrane and reticular, but not Golgi-associated, H-Ras. We also show that RasGRF DH domain is required for the activation of H-Ras in the endoplasmic reticulum but not in the plasma membrane. Furthermore, we demonstrate that RasGRF mediation favors the activation of reticular H-Ras by lysophosphatidic acid treatment whereas plasma membrane H-Ras is made more responsive to stimulation by ionomycin. Overall, our results provide the initial insights into the regulation of H-Ras activation in the endoplasmic reticulum.


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Can You Save The Wild West In Cowboy Vs. Ninjas Vs. Aliens? -- AppAdvice
Cowboy vs. Ninjas vs. Aliens ($1.99) by Great Play: Free Games is a dual stick shooter that features � you guessed it � a lone cowboy that must fight off waves of ninjas and aliens. Sounds like a winner, right?
My immediate thought upon hearing about this game was that movie from a year ago, but this game is actually much better.
The game will start out with some animated cutscenes. You will find out that aliens, as well as ninjas, are taking over the wild west. The lonely gunfighter, Chuck West, is the only one that can stop them all, with some help from you, of course.
The game features sharp, crisp graphics that look great on Retina devices � everything from the menus to cutscenes to actual game environments. The soundtrack definitely has the western feel to it, which is fitting.
Controls are what you�d expect from a dual stick shooter. A joystick on the left controls your movement, while another stick on the right allows you to aim. The game features manual or automatic aim, so if you have trouble with manually aiming your guns, then I recommend using automatic. Chuck West can have two weapons on him at a time, and you can switch between them with the buttons at the bottom. The top left corner will have your hearts, level, money, and gold.
Cowboy vs. Ninjas vs. Aliens will have two game modes: Campaign and Survival, and there are three difficulty levels: Normal, Hard, and Insane. The Insane mode is locked until you clear the game on Hard difficulty. Campaign mode is basically the story mode, and Survival will have you fighting for your life in the arena.
As you shoot your enemies down, you will have the chance to collect �bonus kill� drops (used for Campaign to finish faster) or even some cash. Cash can be used to purchase weapon upgrades, new guns (including alien weapons), mounts with bonuses, and even trendy hats. There are even some hidden weapons to find in levels, so that should add another layer of fun to the game. If you manage to find three hidden keys, you also unlock a bonus stage. Make sure to keep previously cleared levels free of enemies for prizes.
I enjoy dual stick shooters, and this is definitely a fun title for the genre. I love the Western feel with unique twist and enemies, and the environments are also interactive, which is a definite bonus. There are plenty of weapons to use, and since you can have two, the combinations are fun to try out and see what works the best.
Check out Cowboy vs. Ninjas vs. Aliens for a fun dual stick shooting adventure. It�s available for $1.99 in the App Store as a universal app for your iPhone and iPad.
Source http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/AppAdvice/~3/o3Qn2C5Pfr0/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Geographical Analysis:
Tokyo is located on Honshu Island and serves as Japan's capital city. It is the largest city in japan and the most populated metropolitan area in the world (Briney & Amanda, 45-55). The geographical site and situation of a city primarily determines its growth and overall development over time. The growth of Tokyo is attributed to its favouring site and situation. With its large water capacity, presence of minerals, wildlife and widely connected transportation systems, the city has grown and developed rapidly over the years.
Identify major water bodies and physical features.
Briney and Amanda (34-38) explain that Tokyo houses many water bodies that play a significant role in providing water, food and transportation. Tokyo bay that connects to the Pacific Ocean is among the major water bodies in Tokyo. Tokyo bay houses the major ports thereby facilitating transportation through the Pacific Ocean. Lake Okutama and Murayama Reservoir also form a significant part of the Tokyo's water bodies with an overall volume of 189 million m2 and 14.9 million m2 respectively (Hillard, 76). Rivers passing through Tokyo include Edogawa River and Tamagawa River (Hoy & Selena, 56). Other rivers are Arakawa River, Denu River, Sumida River, Tama River, Meguro River, Kanda River, Naka River, Onagi River, Shirako River, Tagara River and Tsurumi River.
Many physical features exist in Tokyo. Tokyo is fully bordered by water. Many rivers, dams, reservoirs and lakes are also present. Additionally, the metropolitan hosts many mountains including Mt Takao, Mt Mitake (Hoy & Selena, 78-81). Other mountains include Mt Jinba and Mt Kumotori. Kanto plain is also a noteworthy physical feature. It is used for commercial, residential and farming activities. Another physical feature of Tokyo is the Aokigahara forest that covers an area of 35k2. The forest is dense and with natural sounds. The Korea Strait also serves as a physical feature. The 200km sea passage between Korea and Japan connects East China Sea and the Sea of Japan.
Describe the organization of the city: Where is the urban core, where do people live, what kinds of recreational activities can be identified from the map?
According to Spacey and John (45), Tokyo City is subdivided into 23 wards for administrative purpose. The city exists as a census metropolitan area (CMA) urban core resulting from the 23 municipalities totalling to a population of over 13 million people. People live in different areas considering factors such as proximity to public transport, budget, bilingual concierge services, employment and proximity to schools. For instance, most people live in Nakano making it the most populated in Japan. Azabu is the home to rich and famous individuals and houses various foreign embassies (Spacey & John, 43-45). Top designers and models live in Omotesando whereas most politicians, celebrities and business leaders reside in Denenchofu. Many people also live in Nakameguro due to its proximity to Meguro River (Spacey). Recreational activities in Tokyo include mountain climbing due to presence of mountains, boat riding in the lakes and dams, fishing in the rivers and lakes and taking a walk in the parks such as Sengenyama Park, Koganei Park and Shiseki (Park Spacey & John, 45).
City transportation network
The city's transportation network is dense and interconnected. Most transportation is done through roads and railways which form the largest transportation network throughout Tokyo. Presence of airports such as Chofu Airport indicates possibility of air transport. People also use water transport when moving from place to place especially those near the lakes and Tokyo bay (Hillard, 47-52). With roads and railways connecting almost all major towns and residential regions, they are by far the most used transportation means, especially the trains. Tokyo is also well connected to surrounding regions. This is primarily attributed to the waters surrounding the metropolitan city entirely (Hillard, 23). For instance, Tokyo is connected to South Korea through the Korean Strait. It is also connected to Russia through the Sea of Japan. Additionally, the Asian Highway 1 that passes through Tokyo also connects it to many surrounding regions including China, Hong Kong, Pakistan, India and Iran.
Briney, Amanda. "What Is The Importance Of Site And Situation In Terms Of Geography?" About.com Education. N.P., 2016. Web. 3 June 2016.
Tokyo government, "Lake Okutama / Official Tokyo Travel Guide GO TOKYO". Gotokyo.org. N.P., 2016. Web. 3 June 2016.
Hoy, Selena. "Terrific Tokyo Area Hikes | Tokyo Cheapo". Tokyo Cheapo. N.P., 2015. Web. 3 June 2016.
Spacey, John. "22 Best Places to Live In Tokyo". Japan Talk. N.P., 2016. Web. 3 June 2016.
Hillard, K. USGS, "Earthexplorer". Earthexplorer.usgs.gov. N.P., 2016. Web. 3 June 2016.
Zilbah, J. "Tokyo Geography". Tokyo-tokyo.com. N.P., 2016. Web. 3 June 2016.
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Soft Robotics adds JMP Solutions to its Preferred System Integrator Program
Soft Robotics Inc.
April 22, 2021, 13:00 GMT
BEDFORD, MASSACHUSETTS, UNITED STATES, April 22, 2021 /EINPresswire.com/ -- Soft Robotics announced today that JMP Solutions has joined its Preferred System Integrator program. This partnership will help expand robotic adoption in the food sector enabled by Soft Robotics unique food-grade soft gripping, 3D vision, and AI technologies.
Soft Robotics Preferred System Integrator Program is an initiative to help integrators win more business with its industry-leading technologies, including the mGrip™ modular gripping system and SoftAI™. SoftAI combined with 3D vision and mGrip, enables machine builders to deliver reliable, high-performance singulated and bulk picking solutions for applications that couldn't previously be automated due to challenges with delicate, variable, or easily damaged objects. Through this program, integrators will benefit from personalized application support, product training, and growth opportunities with Soft Robotics far-reaching network in the Food and Beverage and Consumer-Packaged Goods spaces. The program aims to solve difficult end-user automation problems by connecting members with trusted integrators that have a proven track record of success.
"Soft Robotics is excited to have JMP Solutions join our Preferred System Integrator Program," said Harley Green, Director of Business Development at Soft Robotics. "As a market leader in food and beverage, JMP offers an innovative approach to solving customer challenges and we're excited to take this opportunity to further build our relationship to deliver on their customers' needs. With a customer-first approach, and over 30 years experience, JMP welcomes new and innovative solutions to their toolbox to solve some of the toughest automation challenges in the food and consumer goods industries."
"Our partnership with Soft Robotics has helped us to expand our scope along the path of working collaboratively with our customers and designing innovative robotic cells to solve their hardest to automate challenges," said Mike Bannister, Director of Sales at JMP Solutions. "Hygienic, food packaging applications are a focused market segment for us, and the food-grade design of the Soft Robotics EOATs combined with their almost life-like dexterity has allowed us to take our capabilities in this area to the next level, further setting ourselves apart from our competitors. Our team is really looking forward to seeing the exciting developments that the future holds for this relationship."
About Soft Robotics
Soft Robotics is an industry-leading and award-winning technology company that designs and builds automated picking solutions using proprietary soft robotic grippers, 3D machine perception, and SoftAI™ artificial intelligence. The company's transformational robotic automation solutions enable machine builders to solve the hardest piece picking problems in industries like food processing, consumer goods production, and logistics. Soft Robotics is backed by leading venture capital firms and strategic investors that include Calibrate Ventures, Hyperplane Venture Capital, Material Impact, Scale Venture Partners, FANUC, ABB Technology Ventures, Honeywell Ventures, Tekfen Ventures, and Yamaha Motor Co., Ltd. Learn more at www.SoftRoboticsInc.com.
About JMP Solutions
JMP Solutions is an Industrial Technology Partner to Fortune 1000 manufacturers and producers providing engineering services and turnkey solutions in seven core areas: process automation, control system integration, information systems, automation and robotics, automated guided vehicles, material handling, and networking and security applications. With 17 business units in the U.S. and Canada, JMP services customers locally, delivering more than 25,000 solutions to 1,000-plus clients over the course of its 30-year history. For more information visit www.jmpsolutions.com.
Julie Collura, Director of Marketing Communications
jcollura@softroboticsinc.com
Distribution channels: Consumer Goods, Food & Beverage Industry, Manufacturing, Technology
EIN Presswire's priority is source transparency. We do not allow opaque clients, and our editors try to be careful about weeding out false and misleading content. As a user, if you see something we have missed, please do bring it to our attention. Your help is welcome. EIN Presswire, Everyone's Internet News Presswire™, tries to define some of the boundaries that are reasonable in today's world. Please see our Editorial Guidelines for more information.
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San Francisco-based event app platform Attendify announced today that it has partnered with online event registration service Eventbrite to create private social networking apps with the goal of boosting attendee engagement.
Event planners now can connect their Eventbrite account to Attendify to build apps with a private social timeline and enable photo sharing, messaging and development of attendee's profiles that automatically sync with Eventbrite, according to the company announcement.
"Event apps have taken off in recent years, but most event planners struggle to see a return on investment or even get attendees to download their apps," Michael Balyasny, Attendify's co-founder and CEO, said in a statement. "They want [their] app to boost engagement, help attendees network, and leverage the app for a more dynamic experience. Our partnership with Eventbrite makes that much easier to achieve."
New features developed specifically for the Eventbrite integration include ticket scanning as a log-in method. Event planners can also choose to sell tickets through their app and configure other integrations using Attendify's web-based management tools, the company said.


She talks about her latest role as a morally questionable publicist in the Pop TV series, "Flack," and keeping her own life out of the public glare.
CAPSULE CRAZY–Another day, another "exclusive" capsule collection. If that adjective fails to excite any longer, you'd be joining a growing set of voices in that view.
Conscious of consumer fatigue and a saturation point for limited edition products, Net-a-porter is trying to reinvent the future of an exclusive capsule.
She continued: "We're seeing so much out there it's getting a bit noisy to keep it really special. Every design needs to be unique and different. It's not just a coloration, it [needs to be] different from the past seasons," she said.
Since von der Goltz joined Net-a-porter, collaboration highlights include the debut of a Balenciaga collection, the Fendi logo project and securing a role as Kith's exclusive online retail partner for women's.
Fortnite's popular 50v50 mode — or something very much like it — might become a permanent fixture in the game, according to Epic.
"We've heard you about your love for 50v50 and we're currently evaluating keeping a larger squad mode live at all times for those who enjoy that type of battling more!" the developer said in an update.
Fortnite's 50v50 mode is one of its most popular, catering to both casual and active playstyles, according to fans of the Limited Time Mode.
The 50v50 LTM first went live at the end of last year after it was revealed at the 2017 Game Awards.
Koby Altman once traded a lucrative real estate career for long nights watching film and doing laundry in hopes of becoming an NBA GM. Now that he's there, he's tasked with one big job: Keep LeBron.
Happy 10th anniversary, Keeping Up With the Kardashians!
Knicks fans were nervous about Kristaps Porzingis possibly getting traded, but now that he's still around, where does this game go?
No.One's latest handcrafted sneaker, the Bravo, arrives today.
Whether couples want to admit it or not, everlasting love in Hollywood isn't exactly the easiest task.
If Ryan Reynolds and Blake Lively can weather the train wreck that was "Green Lantern," then these two can make it through anything, right?
Speaking with Variety in a new interview ahead of the Golden Globes on Sunday night, Reynolds, who is nominated in the category of Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy for "Deadpool," opened up about how Lively helps him handle the stress of life in the spotlight.
"By the time we were in post[-production], we'd been to Comic-Con, and people went crazy for it. The expectations were eating me alive," Reynolds said of the massive hype before "Deadpool" went on to make a killing at the box office.
The father of two has candidly discussed his struggle with anxiety before, revealing that he had "a little bit of a nervous breakdown" before the film's premiere. Apparently, Reynolds has suffered from anxiety attacks since childhood, something he believes stems from his difficult relationship with his father, who died last year after a long battle with Parkinson's disease.
But with a "Deadpool" sequel on the horizon, Reynolds says he's working feverishly to make sure the film exceeds the expectations of the original, which not many believed would succeed at the box office, let alone receive attention from any award shows.
Read Reynolds' full profile in Variety.
A Living Family Tree-Starting Today! You know what a regular family tree is. A fact sheet that goes back until your roots disappear or they have been eaten by a wild pig. They're great to read to see if knighthood or dukedom is in your blood-or if a horse thief hangs from a stout branch! But what if you could create a new, growing tree that started right now, expanded for 100 or 1000 years, and drew every one of your living relatives-plus those yet to live-into a warm, tightly-bound clan? You can. You have almost every tool at hand because of the extraordinary electronic revolution we are experiencing. It's the 21st century, the miracle era of easy and inexpensive digital preservation. Time to get three-dimensional! Include the old-fashioned family tree but why not start collecting the actual words, voices, and actions (almost the souls) of every mem-ber of your living family through sound, jpgs, podcasts, videos, and digital writing? Most important, almost everything can be stored at a family website, to be instantly enjoyed by your cousin cross country or your great-grandson's daughter 60 or 260 years from now, after she's born and is looking back for inspiration or to see what her ancestors (that's you!) did and thought. That's about as close to magic as we can get-and you (or somebody in your present family) can make it happen! This book gives you step-by-step, how-to details, written by a straightforward, funny non-techie! "This book is a must read for anyone interested in preserving their personal history for future generations." Tamara Lipori, author of A PSRO Guide to Scrapbook Retailing Gordon Burgett has written 36 published books (plus 1700+ freelance articles) and has offered 2000+ paid spoken presentations. His family tree includes one knight (Sir Lancelot) and seven knaves. In part, he created the "living family tree" concept to help his kin grow better branches. Why else? See www.


The anticipated scaffold strike reveals our stone work at Chobham Manor 2A-A which is looking fantastic, what a great job.
Domus Facades' Nic Shannon and Kerryn Townsend were delighted to donate new audio equipment to Sandcross Primary School. Miss Cox kindly accepted the equipment on behalf of the school.
We received a certificate in recognition of our teams dedication and support throughout the project. Well done to all involved !


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Home › Digital Collections › New York Heritage Collective Features Special Collections
New York Heritage Collective Features Special Collections
Posted on May 29, 2018 by Kristen Nyitray
New York Heritage is a research portal for learning more about the people, places and institutions of New York State. Special Collections' Long Island Historic Postcard Collection is this month's featured collection for the Long Island Region. View a selection of the postcards here in New York Heritage and even more through Flickr. Dating from the late 1800s, this curated collection of postcards depicts scenes spanning from Far Rockaway to Montauk. They were donated to Special Collections by Cornell Jaray in the early 1980s.
The collections in New York Heritage represent a broad range of historical, scholarly, and cultural materials held in libraries, museums, and archives throughout the state. Items include photographs, letters, diaries, directories, maps, books, and more. New York Heritage is a collaborative project of seven Empire State Library Network members: Capital District Library Council, Central New York Library Resources Council, Long Island Library Resources Council, Northern New York Library Network, Rochester Regional Library Council, South Central Regional Library Council, and Western New York Library Resources Council.
New York Heritage Digital Collections.
‹ Digging in the Southampton Stacks, Book One: The Gilded Age
Health Sciences Librarians Present at Medical Library Association Annual Meeting ›
Posted in Digital Collections, Special Collections & University Archives


To develop a greener Hong Kong, let us support the development of renewable energy and help combat climate change. HK Electric will purchase electricity generated by the grid-connected renewable energy power systems of customers at Feed-in Tariff rates.
The FiT rate will be fixed from the date when a REPS participates in the FiT Scheme throughout the project life of the REPS or until 31 December 2033, whichever is earlier.
Customers are advised to engage qualified service providers to ensure that the design, installation, operation and maintenance of REPS comply with all applicable statutory, safety and technical requirements from time to time.
For the lists of RE equipment suppliers and installation contractors, please refer to EMSD's website at re.emsd.gov.hk or call 6395 2930.


The MSC Cruises trademark, the logo and all other distinguishing symbols of MSC Cruises are registered and therefore the exclusive property of MSC Cruises. Any non-authorized use is not permitted. The entire contents of this site, including the program, the binary codes, the layout, text, documentation, images and photographic reproductions are the property of MSC Cruises and therefore protected by international copyright laws.
The use of this site, which is free, is solely for informative/commercial purposes. The MSC Cruises website is updated to August 10, 2015. It is the user's responsibility to verify its continued accuracy. For more updated information the user should contact MSC Cruises or their travel agent.
MSC Cruises reserves the right, at its own discretion and without any right obligation to provide advance notification or any liability on its part, to either modify, dis-enable access, or either temporarily or definitively suspend the visualization of the site, part of the same or of any information contained in the same.


We understand that it seems impossible for anyone to want to leave Florida, the warm weather, the beautiful people, it's a utopia. However, if you do need to move, All My Sons Moving & Storage is the beach resort of moving companies and we'll make life like a breeze for you. All My Sons Moving & Storage provides moving services throughout the Florida region, and much more. Don't stress at thought of having a bad move, use All My Sons Moving & Storage.
Aside from the quality movers that'll be servicing your move, you'll also have the benefit of receiving our superior tools and equipment. All My Sons Moving & Storage is a renowned name in the moving industry and that didn't happen by mistake. Our moving company provides service on a full scale and wouldn't have it any other way. The only short-coming that occurs during a move is how quickly the move is complete. Utilize our experience and extensive service to make your move quick and easy, All My Sons Moving & Storage wouldn't have it any other way.


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Glenn A. Hawes
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Obituary for Glenn A. Hawes
GLENN ARTHUR HAWES, age 89, of Jasper, Minnesota, died on January 14, 2019 in Lebanon, Oregon.
Glenn was born in Rose Dell Township of Rock County, Minnesota, on March 20, 1929, to Floyd and Nina Hawes. He attended the District 45 School until he began working full-time on the family farm.
In 1949, Glenn married Joyce Kleine in Pipestone, Minnesota, and, from 1949-1993, he and Joyce farmed south of Jasper where they raised their two children. Like all good farmers, Glenn took great pride in the straightness of his corn rows and in being one of the first in the area to finish planting and harvesting.
Beginning in 1980, Glenn and Joyce wintered in Alamo, and later, Mission, Texas. They became full-time Mission residents in 2015. In 2017, Glenn moved to The Oaks of Lebanon in Lebanon, Oregon.
An active member of Jasper United Methodist Church, Glenn chaired the Board of Trustees for twenty years. He also worshipped at the San Juan Texas United Methodist Church where he helped maintain the church property. For 22 years, Glenn volunteered at the SJUMC Market. Utilizing his ability to fix things, he accepted donated materials, refurbished the appliances and machines, and then sold them at the Market to benefit missions. Glenn and Joyce were selected Outstanding Winter Texans at SJUMC in 1997 and 2004.
With Hands of Hope, Glenn used his carpentry skills to build 100 homes for the poor outside Reynosa, Mexico. In addition, he worked on 39 Habitat for Humanity homes in the Rio Grande Valley. Once retired from farming, Glenn derived great pleasure from restoring windmills with Terry Rodman. He loved waterskiing, playing pool, taking drives and motorcycle rides in the country, and sharing coffee and stories with friends.
Glenn is survived by his children, Gary (Tessie) Hawes of Lebanon, Oregon, and Cathy (Jerry) Wentworth of Jasper, Georgia; sisters and brothers, Marvin (Sharon) Hawes, Luverne, MN; Shirley (David) Haraldson, Clive, IA; Marvel (Bert) Phillips, Lakeville, MN; Lloyd (Carol) Hawes, Sergeant Bluff, IA; Arlen (Marla) Hawes, Crooks, SD; Sharon (Steven) Gilb, Mountain Lake, MN; sisters-in-law Mildred (John) Steece, Luverne, MN; Mary (Floyd) Kraetsch, Luverne, MN; Janis Glapa, Menomonie, WI; Lois Kleine, Luverne, MN; brothers-in-law Dallas Kleine, Bullhead City, AZ; Thomas (Penny) Kleine, Summerville, SC; and countless nieces, nephews, and friends.
He was preceded in death by his wife Joyce on November 5, 2018; his mother, Nina (Loeffler) Hawes; father, Floyd Hawes; sisters Rosella Murphy, Marilyn Eustice, Betty Lane, and infant brother Norman Hawes.
Memorials may be sent to Habitat for Humanity at www.habitat.org. Condolences may be mailed to Cathy Wentworth, Box 11765 Big Canoe, Jasper, GA 30143.
To plant a tree in memory of Glenn A. Hawes, visit the Tribute Store.
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Stunning works by Thomas Churchyard, one of Suffolk's greatest artists, are currently on show at the East Anglian Traditional Art Centre, based in Wickham Market.
The current exhibition, 'Artist on the Deben', includes something of an artistic mystery. Among the mid-19th century works are two views of an unknown watermill, painted in about 1850. Churchyard, born in 1798, lived until 1865 and painted many view of the locality around Woodbridge, in oils and watercolours, but no-one seems to know exactly where this mill is.
John Day, curator of East Anglian Traditional Art Centre, wants to know if anyone can identify the mill or where it once stood – or maybe still stands.
Churchyard was strongly influenced by John Crome of Norwich and had mutual friends associated with John Constable, and collected the works of both artists. The works loaned for this Exhibition give an opportunity to assess some of the best works by this underrated artist, who was effectively an early Impressionist painter.
The exhibition also includes works such as View of a Garden, believed to be Cumberland Street, Woodbridge, this Oil on Panel is inscribed 'TC' and 'Kate', his daughter's name, along with a watercolour of Ufford Church, painted in the 1840's.
The East Anglian Traditional Art Centre opened in June 2017 and specialises in painters working in Norfolk and Suffolk between 1750 and 1950. Restoration and research is undertaken, and the centre has an extensive archive library of reference material and also holds a large permanent collection.
The Exhibition 'Artist on the Deben' dedicated to the works of local artist Thomas Churchyard of Woodbridge, runs at East Anglian Traditional Art Centre until October 27.


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Bullock v. BankChampaign, N.A.
Macarthur Co. v. Cupit (In re Cupit)
THIS MATTER comes before the Court on the Plaintiff's Complaint, alleging a nondischargeability claim under…
Alliance Shippers, Inc. v. Choez (In re Choez)
The Supreme Court recently clarified the meaning of defalcation as it is used in the bankruptcy context. In…
Full title:Randy Curtis BULLOCK, Petitioner v. BANKCHAMPAIGN, N.A.
Court:Supreme Court of the United States
133 S. Ct. 1754
185 L. Ed. 2d 922
24 Fla. L. Weekly Fed. S 181
holding that defalcation requires a "culpable state of mind . . . involving knowledge of, or gross recklessness in respect to, the improper nature of the relevant fiduciary behavior"
Summary of this case from Ankoanda v. Garrett (In re Garrett)
March 18, 2013, Argued. May 13, 2013, Decided
Petitioner's father established a trust for the benefit of petitioner and his siblings, and made petitioner the (nonprofessional) trustee. The trust's sole asset was the father's life insurance policy. Petitioner borrowed funds from the trust three times; all borrowed funds were repaid with interest. His siblings obtained a judgment against him in state court for breach of fiduciary duty, though the court found no apparent malicious motive. The court imposed constructive trusts on certain of petitioner's interests--including his interest in the original trust--in order to secure petitioner's payment of the judgment, with respondent serving as trustee for all of the trusts. Petitioner filed for bankruptcy. Respondent opposed discharge of petitioner's state-court-imposed debts to the trust, and the Bankruptcy Court granted respondent summary judgment, holding that petitioner's debts were not dischargeable pursuant to 11 U.S.C. §523(a)(4), which provides that an individual cannot obtain a bankruptcy discharge from a debt "for fraud or defalcation while acting in a fiduciary capacity, embezzlement, or larceny." The Federal District Court and the Eleventh Circuit affirmed. The latter court reasoned that "defalcation requires a known breach of a fiduciary duty, such that the conduct can be characterized as objectively reckless."
Held: The term "defalcation" in the Bankruptcy Code includes a culpable state of mind requirement involving knowledge of, or gross recklessness in respect to, the improper nature of the fiduciary behavior. Pp. 271-277, 185 L. Ed. 2d, at 927-930.
(a) While "defalcation" has been an exception to discharge in a bankruptcy statute since 1867, legal authorities have long disagreed about its meaning. Broad definitions of the term in modern and older dictionaries are unhelpful, and courts of appeals have disagreed about what mental state must accompany defalcation's definition. Pp. 271-273, 185 L. Ed. 2d, at 927-928.
(b) In Neal v. Clark, 95 U.S. 704, 24 L. Ed. 586, this Court interpreted the term "fraud" in the Bankruptcy Code's exceptions to discharge to mean "positive fraud, or fraud in fact, involving moral turpitude or intentional wrong, as does embezzlement; and not implied fraud, or fraud in law, which may exist without the imputation of bad faith or immorality." Id., at 709, 24 L. Ed. 586. The term "defalcation" should be treated similarly. Thus, where the conduct at issue does not involve bad faith, moral turpitude, or other immoral conduct, "defalcation" requires an intentional wrong. An intentional wrong includes not only conduct that the fiduciary knows is improper but also reckless conduct of the kind that the criminal law often treats as the equivalent. Where actual knowledge of wrongdoing is lacking, conduct is considered as equivalent if, as set forth in the Model Penal Code, the fiduciary "consciously disregards," or is willfully blind to, "a substantial and unjustifiable risk" that his conduct will violate a fiduciary duty. Pp. 273-274, 185 L. Ed. 2d, at 928.
(c) Several considerations support this interpretation. First, statutory context strongly favors it. The canon noscitur a sociis argues for interpreting "defalcation" as similar to its linguistic neighbors "embezzlement," "larceny," and "fraud," which all require a showing of wrongful or felonious intent. See, e.g., Neal, supra, at 709, 24 L. Ed. 586. Second, the interpretation does not make the word identical to its statutory neighbors. "Embezzlement" requires conversion, "larceny" requires taking and carrying away another's property, and "fraud" typically requires a false statement or omission; while "defalcation" can encompass a breach of fiduciary obligation that involves neither conversion, nor taking and carrying away another's property, nor falsity. Third, the interpretation is consistent with the longstanding principle that "exceptions to discharge 'should be confined to those plainly expressed.' " Kawaauhau v. Geiger, 523 U.S. 57, 62, 118 S. Ct. 974, 140 L. Ed. 2d 90. It is also consistent with statutory exceptions to discharge that Congress normally confines to circumstances where strong, special policy considerations, such as the presence of fault, argue for preserving the debt, thereby benefiting, for example, a typically more honest creditor. See, e.g., 11 U.S.C. §523(a)(2)(A). Fourth, some Circuits have interpreted the statute similarly for many years without administrative or other difficulties. Finally, it is important to have a uniform interpretation of federal law, the choices are limited, and neither the parties nor the Government has presented strong considerations favoring a different interpretation. Pp. 274-277, 185 L. Ed. 2d, at 928-930.
670 F. 3d 1160, vacated and remanded.
Thomas M. Byrne argued the cause for petitioner.
Bill D. Bensinger argued the cause for respondent.
Curtis E. Gannon argued the cause for the United States, as amicus curiae, by special leave of court.
Breyer, J., delivered the opinion for a unanimous Court.
Justice Breyer delivered the opinion of the Court.
Section 523(a)(4) of the Federal Bankruptcy Code provides that an individual cannot obtain a bankruptcy discharge from a debt "for fraud or defalcation while acting in a fiduciary capacity, embezzlement, or larceny." 11 U.S.C. §523(a)(4). We here consider the scope of the term "defalcation." We hold that it includes a culpable state of mind requirement akin to that which accompanies application of the other terms in the same statutory phrase. We describe that state of mind as one involving knowledge of, or gross recklessness in respect to, the improper nature of the relevant fiduciary behavior.
In 1978, the father of petitioner Randy Bullock established a trust for the benefit of his five children. He made petitioner the (nonprofessional) trustee; and he transferred to the trust a single asset, an insurance policy on his life. 670 F. 3d 1160, 1162 (CA11 2012); App. to Pet. for Cert. 33a. The trust instrument permitted the trustee to borrow funds from the insurer against the policy's value (which, in practice, was available at an insurance-company-determined 6% interest rate). Id., at 17a, 34a, 50a.
In 1981, petitioner, at his father's request, borrowed money from the trust, paying the funds to his mother who used them to repay a debt to the father's business. In 1984, petitioner again borrowed funds from the trust, this time using the funds to pay for certificates of deposit, which he and his mother used to buy a mill. In 1990, petitioner once again borrowed funds, this time using the money to buy real property for himself and his mother. 670 F. 3d, at 1162. Petitioner saw that all of the borrowed funds were repaid to the trust along with 6% interest. App. to Pet. for Cert. 17a, 45a, 50a; Brief for Petitioner 3; Brief for Respondent 2.
In 1999, petitioner's brothers sued petitioner in Illinois state court. The state court held that petitioner had committed a breach of fiduciary duty. It explained that petitioner "does not appear to have had a malicious motive in borrowing funds from the trust" but nonetheless "was clearly involved in self-dealing." App. to Pet. for Cert. 45a, 52a. It ordered petitioner to pay the trust "the benefits he received from his breaches" (along with costs and attorney's fees). Id., at 47a. The court imposed constructive trusts on petitioner's interests in the mill and the original trust, in order to secure petitioner's payment of its judgment, with respondent BankChampaign serving as trustee for all of the trusts. 670 F. 3d, at 1162; App. to Pet. for Cert. 47a-48a. After petitioner tried unsuccessfully to liquidate his interests in the mill and other constructive trust assets to obtain funds to make the court-ordered payment, petitioner filed for bankruptcy in federal court. Id., at 27a, 30a.
BankChampaign opposed petitioner's efforts to obtain a bankruptcy discharge of his state-court-imposed debts to the trust. And the Bankruptcy Court granted summary judgment in the bank's favor. It held that the debts fell within §523(a)(4)'s exception "as a debt for defalcation while acting in a fiduciary capacity." Id., at 40a-41a. Hence, they were not dischargeable.
The Federal District Court reviewed the Bankruptcy Court's determination. It said that it was "convinced" that BankChampaign was "abusing its position of trust by failing to liquidate the assets," but it nonetheless affirmed the Bankruptcy Court's decision. Id., at 27a-28a.
In turn, the Court of Appeals affirmed the District Court. It wrote that "defalcation requires a known breach of a fiduciary duty, such that the conduct can be characterized as objectively reckless." 670 F. 3d, at 1166. And it found that petitioner's conduct satisfied this standard. Ibid.
Petitioner sought certiorari. In effect he has asked us to decide whether the bankruptcy term "defalcation" applies "in the absence of any specific finding of ill intent or evidence of an ultimate loss of trust principal." Brief for United States as Amicus Curiae 1. See also Pet. for Cert. i. The lower courts have long disagreed about whether "defalcation" includes a scienter requirement and, if so, what kind of scienter it requires. Compare In re Sherman, 658 F. 3d 1009, 1017 (CA9 2011) ("defalcation" includes "even innocent acts of failure to fully account for money received in trust" (internal quotation marks and brackets omitted)), with In re Uwimana, 274 F. 3d 806, 811 (CA4 2001) (defalcation occurs when "negligence or even an innocent mistake . . . results in misappropriation"), with 670 F. 3d, at 1166 ("defalcation requires . . . conduct [that] can be characterized as objectively reckless"), and with In re Baylis, 313 F. 3d 9, 20 (CA1 2002) ("defalcation requires something close to a showing of extreme recklessness"). In light of that disagreement, we granted the petition.
Congress first included the term "defalcation" as an exception to discharge in a federal bankruptcy statute in 1867. See id., at 17. And legal authorities have disagreed about its meaning almost ever since. Dictionary definitions of "defalcation" are not particularly helpful. On the one hand, a law dictionary in use in 1867 defines the word "defalcation" as "the act of a defaulter," which, in turn, it defines broadly as one "who is deficient in his accounts, or fails in making his accounts correct." 1 J. Bouvier, Law Dictionary 387, 388 (4th ed. 1852). See also 4 Oxford English Dictionary 369 (2d ed. 1989) (quoting an 1846 definition that defines the term as "'a breach of trust by one who has charge or management of money'"). Modern dictionaries contain similarly broad definitional language. Black's Law Dictionary, for example, defines "defalcation" first as "EMBEZZLEMENT," but, second, as "[l]oosely, the failure to meet an obligation; a nonfraudulent default." Black's Law Dictionary 479 (9th ed. 2009) (hereinafter Black's). See also American Heritage Dictionary 474 (5th ed. 2011) ("To misuse funds; embezzle"); 4 Oxford English Dictionary, supra, at 369 ("monetary deficiency through breach of trust by one who has the management or charge of funds; a fraudulent deficiency in money matters"); Webster's New International Dictionary 686 (2d ed. 1954) ("An abstraction or misappropriation of money by one, esp. an officer or agent, having it in trust"); Webster's Third New International Dictionary 590 (1986) ("misappropriation of money in one's keeping").
On the other hand, an 1842 bankruptcy treatise warns that fiduciaries "are not supposed to commit defalcation in the matter of their trust, without . . . at least such criminal negligence as admits of no excuse." G. Bicknell, Commentary on the Bankrupt Law of 1841, Showing Its Operation and Effect 12 (2d ed. 1842). Modern dictionaries often accompany their broad definitions with illustrative terms such as "embezzle," American Heritage Dictionary, supra, at 474, or "fraudulent deficiency," 4 Oxford English Dictionary, supra, at 369. And the editor of Black's Law Dictionary has written that the term should be read as limited to deficiencies that are "fraudulent" and which are " the fault of someone put in trust of the money." B. Garner, Modern American Usage 232 (3d ed. 2009) (emphasis added).
Similarly, courts of appeals have long disagreed about the mental state that must accompany the bankruptcy-related definition of "defalcation." Many years ago Judge Augustus Hand wrote that "the misappropriation must be due to a known breach of the duty, and not to mere negligence or mistake." In re Bernard, 87 F. 2d 705, 707 (CA2 1937). But Judge Learned Hand suggested that the term " may have included innocent defaults." Central Hanover Bank & Trust Co. v. Herbst, 93 F. 2d 510, 511 (CA2 1937) (emphasis added). A more modern treatise on trusts ends its discussion of the subject with a question mark. 4 A. Scott, W. Fratcher, & M. Ascher, Scott and Ascher on Trusts §24.26 p. 1797 (5th ed. 2007).
In resolving these differences, we note that this longstanding disagreement concerns state of mind, not whether "defalcation" can cover a trustee's failure (as here) to make a trust more than whole. We consequently shall assume without deciding that the statutory term is broad enough to cover the latter type of conduct and answer only the "state of mind" question.
We base our approach and our answer upon one of this Court's precedents. In 1878, this Court interpreted the related statutory term "fraud" in the portion of the Bankruptcy Code laying out exceptions to discharge. Justice Harlan wrote for the Court:
"[D]ebts created by 'fraud' are associated directly with debts created by 'embezzlement.' Such association justifies, if it does not imperatively require, the conclusion that the 'fraud' referred to in that section means positive fraud, or fraud in fact, involving moral turpitude or intentional wrong, as does embezzlement; and not implied fraud, or fraud in law, which may exist without the imputation of bad faith or immorality." Neal v. Clark, 95 U.S. 704, 709, 24 L. Ed. 586 (1878).
We believe that the statutory term "defalcation" should be treated similarly.
Thus, where the conduct at issue does not involve bad faith, moral turpitude, or other immoral conduct, the term requires an intentional wrong. We include as intentional not only conduct that the fiduciary knows is improper but also reckless conduct of the kind that the criminal law often treats as the equivalent. Thus, we include reckless conduct of the kind set forth in the Model Penal Code. Where actual knowledge of wrongdoing is lacking, we consider conduct as equivalent if the fiduciary "consciously disregards" (or is willfully blind to) "a substantial and unjustifiable risk" that his conduct will turn out to violate a fiduciary duty. ALI, Model Penal Code §2.02(2)(c), p. 226 (1985). See id., §2.02, Comment 9, at 248 (explaining that the Model Penal Code's definition of "knowledge" was designed to include "'wilful blindness'"). That risk "must be of such a nature and degree that, considering the nature and purpose of the actor's conduct and the circumstances known to him, its disregard involves a gross deviation from the standard of conduct that a law-abiding person would observe in the actor's situation." Id., §2.02(2)(c), at 226 (emphasis added). Cf. Ernst & Ernst v. Hochfelder, 425 U.S. 185, 194, n. 12, 96 S. Ct. 1375, 47 L. Ed. 2d 668 (1976) (defining scienter for securities law purposes as "a mental state embracing intent to deceive, manipulate, or defraud").
Several considerations lead us to interpret the statutory term "defalcation" in this way. First, as Justice Harlan pointed out in Neal, statutory context strongly favors this interpretation. Applying the canon of interpretation noscitur a sociis, the Court there looked to fraud's linguistic neighbor, "embezzlement." It found that both terms refer to different forms of generally similar conduct. It wrote that both are "' ejusdem generis,'" of the same kind, and that both are "'referable to the same subject-matter.'" 95 U.S., at 709, 24 L. Ed. 586. Moreover, embezzlement requires a showing of wrongful intent. Ibid. (noting that embezzlement "involv[es] moral turpitude or intentional wrong"). See Moore v. United States, 160 U.S. 268, 269-270, 16 S. Ct. 294, 40 L. Ed. 422 (1895) (describing embezzlement and larceny as requiring "felonious intent"). See also, e.g., W. LaFave, Criminal Law §19.6(a), p. 995 (5th ed. 2010) ("intent to deprive" is part of embezzlement). Hence, the Court concluded, "fraud" must require an equivalent showing. Neal, supra, at 709, 24 L. Ed. 586. Neal has been the law for more than a century. And here, the additional neighbors ("larceny" and, as defined in Neal, "fraud") mean that the canon noscitur a sociis argues even more strongly for similarly interpreting the similar statutory term "defalcation."
Second, this interpretation does not make the word identical to its statutory neighbors. See Babbitt v. Sweet Home Chapter of Communities for a Great Or., 515 U.S. 687, 698, 115 S. Ct. 2407, 132 L. Ed. 2d 597 (1995) (noting "[a] reluctance to treat statutory terms as surplusage"). As commonly used, "embezzlement" requires conversion, and "larceny" requires taking and carrying away another's property. See LaFave, Criminal Law §§19.2, 19.5 (larceny); id., §19.6 (embezzlement). "Fraud" typically requires a false statement or omission. See id., §19.7 (discussing fraud in the context of false pretenses). "Defalcation," as commonly used (hence as Congress might have understood it), can encompass a breach of fiduciary obligation that involves neither conversion, nor taking and carrying away another's property, nor falsity. Black's 479. See, e.g., In re Frankel, 77 B. R. 401 (Bkrtcy. Ct. WDNY 1987) (finding a breach of fiduciary duty and defalcation based on an unreasonable sale of assets).
Nor are embezzlement, larceny, and fiduciary fraud simply special cases of defalcation as so defined. The statutory provision makes clear that the first two terms apply outside of the fiduciary context; and "defalcation," unlike "fraud," may be used to refer to nonfraudulent breaches of fiduciary duty. Black's 479.
Third, the interpretation is consistent with the long-standing principle that "exceptions to discharge 'should be confined to those plainly expressed.'" Kawaauhau v. Geiger, 523 U.S. 57, 62, 118 S. Ct. 974, 140 L. Ed. 2d 90 (1998) (quoting Gleason v. Thaw, 236 U.S. 558, 562, 35 S. Ct. 287, 59 L. Ed. 717 (1915)). See Local Loan Co. v. Hunt, 292 U.S. 234, 244, 54 S. Ct. 695, 78 L. Ed. 1230 (1934); Neal , supra, at 709, 24 L. Ed. 586. It is also consistent with a set of statutory exceptions that Congress normally confines to circumstances where strong, special policy considerations, such as the presence of fault, argue for preserving the debt, thereby benefiting, for example, a typically more honest creditor. See, e.g., 11 U.S.C. §§523(a)(2)(A), (a)(2)(B), (a)(6), (a)(9) (fault). See also, e.g., §§523(a)(1), (a)(7), (a)(14), (a)(14A) (taxes); §523(a)(8) (educational loans); §523(a)(15) (spousal and child support). In the absence of fault, it is difficult to find strong policy reasons favoring a broader exception here, at least in respect to those whom a scienter requirement will most likely help, namely nonprofessional trustees, perhaps administering small family trusts potentially immersed in intrafamily arguments that are difficult to evaluate in terms of comparative fault.
Fourth, as far as the briefs before us reveal, at least some Circuits have interpreted the statute similarly for many years without administrative, or other practical, difficulties. Baylis, 313 F. 3d 9. See also In re Hyman, 502 F. 3d 61, 69 (CA2 2007) ("This [scienter] standard . . . also has the virtue of ease of application since the courts and litigants have reference to a robust body of securities law examining what these terms mean").
Finally, it is important to have a uniform interpretation of federal law, the choices are limited, and neither the parties nor the Government has presented us with strong considerations favoring a different interpretation. In addition to those we have already discussed, the Government has pointed to the fact that in 1970 Congress rewrote the statute, eliminating the word "misappropriation" and placing the term "defalcation" (previously in a different exemption provision) alongside its present three neighbors. See Brief for United States as Amicus Curiae 16-17. The Government believes that these changes support reading "defalcation" without a scienter requirement. But one might argue, with equal plausibility, that the changes reflect a decision to make certain that courts would read in similar ways "defalcation," "fraud," "embezzlement," and "larceny." In fact, we believe the 1970 changes are inconclusive.
In this case the Court of Appeals applied a standard of "objectiv[e] reckless[ness]" to facts presented at summary judgment. 670 F. 3d, at 1166. We consequently remand the case to permit the court to determine whether further proceedings are needed and, if so, to apply the heightened standard that we have set forth. For these reasons we vacate the judgment of the Court of Appeals and remand the case for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.
It is so ordered.
holding that the state of mind required to show "defalcation" under § 523 is "one involving knowledge of, or gross recklessness in respect to, the improper nature of the relevant fiduciary behavior"
Summary of this case from Lopez v. Hernandez (In re Hernandez)
holding that the term "defalcation" includes a culpable state of mind requirement "involving knowledge of, or gross recklessness in respect to, the improper nature of the relevant fiduciary behavior"
Summary of this case from Simu v. Carvalho (In re Carvalho)
holding that defalcation under § 523 requires a culpable state of mind
Summary of this case from Pemstein v. Pemstein (In re Pemstein)
holding that defalcation as used in § 523 requires a showing of bad faith, moral turpitude, or other immoral conduct, or a culpable state of mind equivalent to intentional wrongdoing or criminally reckless misconduct
Summary of this case from Thorne v. Andre (In re Thorne)
holding that, for the purposes of § 523, the state of mind for "defalcation" includes gross recklessness
Summary of this case from Plyam v. Precision Development, LLC (In re Plyam)
finding that defalcation "as commonly used . . . can encompass a breach of fiduciary obligation that involves neither conversion, nor taking and carrying away another's property, nor falsity"
Summary of this case from VW Credit, Inc. v. Salim (In re Salim)
finding that defalcation requires conduct involving bad faith, moral turpitude, other immoral conduct, or at least an intentional wrong
Summary of this case from Cincinnati Ins. Co. v. Chidester (In re Chidester)
abrogating Republic of Rwanda v. Uwimana (In re Uwimana ), 274 F.3d 806 (4th Cir.2001)
explaining that "defalcation" in § 523 includes a "culpable state of mind" requirement involving "knowledge of, or gross reckless in respect to, the improper nature of the relevant fiduciary behavior"
defining defalcation to include "reckless conduct of the kind that the criminal law often treats as the equivalent" of knowing conduct
Summary of this case from Aiello v. Aiello (In re Aiello)
In Bullock, the Court held that "absent bad faith, moral turpitude, or other immoral conduct," defalcation under Section 523(a)(4) "requires an intentional wrong" by the fiduciary.
Summary of this case from Donovan-Clemens v. Tebbenhoff (In re Tebbenhoff)
construing "defalcation" to have a heightened intent requirement of intentional wrongdoing, just like the other types of conduct listed in the statute
Summary of this case from Misik v. D'Arco (In re D'Arco)
addressing state of mind requirements for § 523
Summary of this case from Jaroslawicz v. Steinberg (In re Steinberg)
noting that the term "defalcation" as commonly used and as Congress might have understood it, can encompass a breach of fiduciary obligation that involves neither conversion, nor taking and carrying away another's property, nor falsity
Summary of this case from Clear Sky Properties LLC v. Roussel (In re Roussel)
describing competing interpretations of the word "defalcation" in the federal bankruptcy statute since its introduction in 1867, but declining to define the term
Summary of this case from Catrambone v. Adams
noting that both embezzlement and larceny require a showing of wrongful intent - such as a showing of moral turpitude, intentional wrong, or felonious intent
Summary of this case from Popescu v. Cockey (In re Cockey)
In Bullock, the Supreme Court also concluded that if the debtor consciously disregarded or was willfully blind to the risk of violating the attendant fiduciary duties, then the risk of doing so must be "substantial and unjustifiable."
Summary of this case from James River Petroleum, Inc. v. Dickson (In re Dickson)
In Bullock, the Supreme Court described the required state of mind as "involving knowledge of, or gross recklessness in respect to, the improper nature of the relevant fiduciary behavior."
In Bullock, the Supreme Court held that defalcation under § 523(a)(4) "includes a culpable state of mind requirement akin to that which accompanies application of the other terms in the same statutory phrase... one involving knowledge of, or gross recklessness in respect to, the improper nature of the relevant fiduciary behavior."
Summary of this case from Kapitus Servicing v. Friedlander (In re Friedlander)
In Bullock v. BankChampaign, N.A., 569 U.S. 267 (2013), the Supreme Court considered the scope of the term "defalcation," holding that "it includes a culpable state of mind requirement... involving knowledge of, or gross recklessness in respect to, the improper nature of the relevant fiduciary behavior."
Summary of this case from Salzman v. Watson (In re Moll)
Summary of this case from Carouthers Mgmt. & Consulting v. Ashby (In re Ashby)
noting that embezzlement "involv[es] moral turpitude or intentional wrong"
Summary of this case from T. Levy Assocs., Inc. v. Kaplan (In re Kaplan)
Summary of this case from T. Levy Assocs. v. Kaplan (In re Kaplan)
In Bullock v. BankChampaign, N.A., 133 S. Ct. 1754 (2013), the Supreme Court held that defalcation requires a "culpable state of mind" with a "knowledge of, or gross recklessness in respect to the improper nature of the relevant fiduciary behavior."
Summary of this case from Pillarella-Bryant v. Bryant (In re Bryant)


* in the provided List. Each class must implement java.security.Principal.
* @param classNamesString a comma-delimited list of fully qualified class names.
* @param classNamesList the list in which the class names will be stored.
*        The list is cleared before being populated.


text:
Latest Jobs Alerts
Government Jobs / Punjab Assembly Jobs
Punjab Assembly Jobs 2022 – Jobs Openings in Punjab Assembly
by admin December 28, 2021 December 30, 2021
Candidates who are tired of working in their old industries and want a change should think about applying for Punjab Assembly Jobs. Working in this prestigious department is a great way to ensure a bright future not only for you but also for your family by bringing you fame, recognition, and rewarding pay. The benefits associated with government jobs are well-known as they provide excellent pay packages along with luxury amenities that younger generations could possibly enjoy.
Complete the following application today. Before applying, make sure to check out the vacancies available and the department you want to work for. You can do so by looking at the different headings indicated below. You are also able to see all of our newest listings on our website as we update it daily according to the new ads posted by companies in need of employees like yourself
Punjab Assembly Jobs – Latest Jobs Advertisement 2022
Punjab Assembly Organization
The Provincial Assembly of Punjab is a popular semi-annual body of 50 or more elected officials who represent the province of Punjab. It was established in Lahore, Pakistan, following the adoption of one particular article found in the Constitution of Pakistan. It operates as part of a larger bureaucracy when it comes to legal proceedings and decision making, but over time it has since formed into its own entity independent of many other areas.
The Punjab Assembly, which is the largest province with the majority of Pakistanis, has a total of 371 seats. Of those 297 are allocated for general warmly person representatives, 66 for women representatives, and 8 for non-Muslim representatives. The assembly building itself is a two-story structure with some residential hotels nearby on Shahrah-e-Quaid-e-Azam and is an impressive sight due to its expansive gardens offering escapism from the hustle and bustle of city life.
The primary responsibility of the Provincial Police Office is to maintain peace and law and order in Punjab, maintain a check and balance system in the area, help improve Punjab's prosperity and ensure that citizens are safe.
Vacancies (Updated)
Assisted.
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Translating data entry operators
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An incredible salary package.
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The Punjab Assembly provides a hiring service for those who are interested in the Punjab Elections Jobs. Candidates applying for these jobs need to read all their instructions carefully before stepping into the application process which may be accessed at www.pap.gov.pk by clicking on the "Apply here" button inserted below; applicants will only be able to download the application form once they have created an account there, using their name and details of course.
The is an application form and completion of it will depend on the job details, such as educational qualifications and achievements, previous job experience, and accomplishments. The company wishes to select applicants based on this information. Based on your experience, if agrees with what has been described in the job ad, then you will be chosen for a further interview process. This will check your level of proficiency with regard to what is needed for this position.
LWMC Jobs 2022 – Jobs in Lahore Waste Management Company
Ideal Testing Service Jobs 2022 – Latest ITS Advertisement
SUPARCO Jobs 2022 | SUPARCO Jobs Advertisement | Government Jobs 2022
BPSC Jobs 2022 – Balochistan Public Service Commission
HMC Jobs 2022 – Latest Job Openings in Pakistan
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WHO Jobs 2022 – World Health Organization Jobs Pakistan
ZTBL Jobs 2022 – Zarai Taraqiati Bank Pakistan
NTRC Jobs 2022 – National Transport Research Center
Fauji Foundation Jobs 2022 – Latest Openings in Pakistan
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text:
Canada to quit coalition's anti-ISIS airstrikes by Feb 22, triple special forces on the ground
Ottawa will not participate in airstrikes carried out by the US-led coalition against Islamic State (IS, formerly ISIS/ISIL) in Syria and Iraq from February 22, Canada's Prime Minister, Justin Trudeau, announced on Monday.
Canada's Prime Minister Justin Trudeau arrives at a news conference in Ottawa, Canada, February 8, 2016. © Chris Wattie © Reuters
Although the country will conclude its bombing mission and pull six CF-18 fighter jets from the region, it will still maintain two surveillance planes and refueling aircraft in the area.
More US, coalition forces likely needed to fight ISIS – Pentagon commander
On the other hand, having rethought its military involvement in the anti-terror operation in the Middle East, Canada has announced that it will increase the number of its special forces deployed in northern Iraq to train local ground forces from the current total of nearly 70 to 200 for the next two years.
In addition, more than 200 members of the Canadian Armed Forces will join the 600 currently deployed as part of Joint Task Force-Iraq, CBC reported.
"In any mission, you need to make choices. We can't do everything," Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said, adding that the decision was also guided by the country's previous involvement in Afghanistan.
Referring to the experience of Canadian "expert military trainers" in Afghanistan, Trudeau said: "It is important to understand that while airstrike operations can be very useful to achieve short-term military and territorial gains, they do not on their own achieve long-term stability for local communities."
READ MORE: Saudi Arabia ready to take part in any US-led ground operations in Syria – military spokesman
Canada's decision to boost its presence on the ground has been praised by the Pentagon. Spokesman Peter Cook said Ottawa has added "momentum to the effort" as the coalition seeks ways to step up its anti-IS campaign, Reuters reported.
Canada had been committed to the airstrikes by its previous Conservative government. Having won the elections in fall of last year, the new Liberal government headed by Trudeau promised to put an end to the bombing mission. The decision, which was not welcomed by the coalition allies, is still to be put up for debate and a subsequent vote in Parliament next week.


text:
The Trials of Lady Jane Douglas Review
By Will Barber Taylor Scotland, Paris, London – the search for the answer to one question sent teams of expensive lawyers far and wide – did the beautiful and wayward […]
Robert Louis Stevenson in Samoa Review
By Will Barber Taylor Almost every adult and child is familiar with Treasure Island, but fewer know that Robert Louis Stevenson lived out his last years on a similarly remote […]
Defiance: The Life and Choices of Lady Anne Barnard Review
By Will Barber Taylor Poet and musician, artist and hostess, Lady Anne Barnard lived at the heart of Georgian society. High born yet egalitarian, she travelled to France to observe […]
Whatever Happened to Bruce Timm?
By Will Barber Taylor Bruce Timm is rightly revered as one of the greats of recent cartoon history. His work on ground breaking shows like Batman: The Animated Series, Justice […]
I Know Who You Are DVD Review
By Will Barber Taylor Juan Elias (Francesc Garrido), a successful criminal lawyer with aspirations of becoming dean of the university and teacher of the most sought-after ethics Masters Course in […]
Long Road From Jarrow Book Review
By Will Barber Taylor In the autumn of 1936, some 200 men from the Tyneside town of Jarrow marched 300 miles to London in protest against the destruction of their […]
Narcos Season 2 DVD Review
By Will Barber Taylor "Okay, let me break it down for you. 4,000 soldiers, tens of thousands of rounds fired and a bunch of fuckin' helicopters. There was no way […]
Rellik Episode One Promotional Pictures
DCI Gabriel Markham and his team are working to find a serial killer, when a break in the case leads them to a potential culprit. Gabriel is torn between his […]


From water caliber to social inequality, from elevating plants to emerging temperatures, how we use average assets afftects our healthiness and future health. This highly-illustrated consultant may help well-being promoters, educators, group leaders and traditional humans take cost in their groups' environmental wellbeing and fitness. In small villages and big towns, 'A neighborhood consultant to Environmental well-being' offers instruments, wisdom, and notion to start remodeling the worldwide drawback in evironmental wellbeing and fitness. This e-book includes actions to stimulate serious considering and environmental swap, dozens of reports of communitites in motion, and directions for making uncomplicated applied sciences to purify water, fresh with out toxics, eliminate pests, and extra. like every Hesperian books, this identify used to be constructed in session with agencies from around the globe, making sure its appropriateness and usability for various cultures and situations.
The commitments of 3 fresh G8 summits (1999–2001) are reviewed, analyzed, and critiqued during this file card on G8 activities. the main robust political strength at the back of multilateral associations and modern globalization, the G8 crew of industrialized international locations units guidelines in accordance with a market-oriented improvement version in such components as debt reduction, international reduction, exchange, worldwide well-being learn, and funding that form the advance percentages in negative nations yet usually don't serve their top pursuits, in line with this research.
Drawing at the top to be had learn proof, 'Managing transitions' highlights concerns universal to all experiencing transition in addition to the dilemmas particular to specific events. It addresses major transitions appropriate to coverage and perform, protecting key transition issues in social care from formative years to outdated age.
The bestselling first version of this influential source has been integrated into the curriculum at ahead considering schools and universities, a number one vocational technical institute, many in-house company non-stop development methods, and the United international locations' headquarters. offering an entire and available advent to technique maps, the fundamentals of technique Mapping, moment version increases the bar on what constitutes the fundamentals.
42 Acceptable risk? For whom? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 35 Environmental Rights and Justice Every person in every community has the right to health, and to a safe and healthy environment. Unfortunately, these rights are often not respected. Many people suffer from serious health problems caused by a scarcity of basic necessities and an excess of harmful substances. The most vulnerable people are those who have low status because of race, ethnicity, religion, gender, class, caste, poverty, or for other reasons.
Toxic pollution travels through the environment in our air, water, and soil. Most pollution comes from things we use and are exposed to in our daily lives. The most common ways people are exposed to toxic pollution include: • smoke from fires, especially when plastic is burned. We breathe in toxic smoke, and toxic ash pollutes our drinking water and our crop land. • smoke from factories that pollutes air, water, and soil. • chemicals used in factories, mining, and oil drilling and production that are dumped into water sources, and also pollute the air and land.
19 20 3 Protecting Natural Resources for All In this chapter: page Causes of environmental health problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Corporate control is bad for our health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Building community institutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Making our communities sustainable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Respecting the web of life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


The community has approximately 82 families, 486 people, with a total of 110 students in grades 1-7. In total about 84 percent of children aged 5-17 are currently studying. This figure is relatively high for the area. Still, 20 percent of the adult population is illiterate, which is around the provincial average of 19.1%. 10 out of the 228 adults in the community have a high-school degree and the average monthly family income is $93. For families headed by women that figure drops to $40.71.
Past plans and started construction for a paved road to the village unfortunately destroyed the community's water system. The community was getting water from a number of springs that lie about 4km away from the village. Although the community petitioned the government to fix it, they were refused. Until completion of our project, when one visited Gulahuayco, a tap that ran dry was found in every house and a community water tank sat empty.
Since work has been completed through research by a local water engineer has led to the installation of a chlorination system, and a pressure release tank. Pipes were laid 1.2 meters deep.


Disney's Message To Gluten-Free Diners: "Be Our Guest"
For years, Disney World has been the place for people with special dietary needs to vacation, and I'm thrilled to announce that Disney has done it again. They've taken their commitment to gluten-free and allergy-friendly dining up another notch.
I recently spoke with Gary Jones, Culinary Dietary Specialist at Walt Disney Parks & Resorts – and a 29-year veteran of Disney. Things have certainly come a long way since his first year at Disney, when he remembers getting a letter from a convention guest who needed to eat gluten-free. No one on his team knew what that meant, and they had to look it up. Of course, the program for exceeding the expectations of guests with special dietary needs has evolved tremendously since those early days. Along the way, chefs have been continually trained, and there has always been a huge sense of collaboration between staff (called "cast members").
Chef Jones conservatively estimates that in 2014, Disney World and Disneyland served 650,000 guests with food allergies or intolerances. This is up 100 percent from four to five years ago. Half of those guests required gluten-free diets.
He was especially proud to share the details of Disney's exciting initiative that was just rolled out throughout restaurants at Walt Disney World Resort and Disneyland in Anaheim, California. A result of focus groups held with both guests and cast members with special dietary needs, the initiative began last fall and introduces allergy-friendly menus at almost all counter-service and sit-down Disney restaurants. Menu items are notated if they do not contain each of the top eight allergens: gluten/wheat, eggs, fish, milk, peanuts, shellfish, soy, and tree nuts.
While it's traditionally been a good idea to note any dietary requirements when making a reservation at Disney restaurants or when arriving at the restaurant, it's not necessary now that gluten and top allergens are noted on the dedicated allergy-friendly menus. It's all up to the guest and his or her comfort level. Many diners appreciate being able to order right from the main menu without having to draw attention to their special needs, while others still prefer to speak directly with a chef. With counter-service meals, it is recommended that gluten-free diners and others with allergies ask the manager for an allergy-friendly menu since the top eight are not posted on the overhead menus.
Of particular note was Chef Jones's comment that all gluten-free requests are treated equally as important, regardless of whether it's a medical necessity or dietary choice. Therefore, people with celiac disease do not need to wonder whether their request is being taken seriously and if proper procedures are being followed to avoid cross-contamination in the kitchen. They always are. In fact, there are many different checks for gluten-free and allergen-free meals built into the system in Disney's kitchens, and the process is constantly reviewed with cast members.
Gluten-free flour is used to coat the few battered and fried seafood specialties served at Flying Fish Café (where dedicated gluten-free fryers are used), and only gluten-free croutons are served on salads. This opens up much of the restaurant's menu to gluten-free diners without any modifications. Flying Fish Café was one of the restaurants that were part of Disney's pilot program, and now Chef Keating is more than happy to advise chefs at other Disney restaurants about ways they can make more of their menus accessible to folks with gluten-free and other special dietary needs.
Magic Kingdom's relatively new Be Our Guest Restaurant , in which diners can choose one of four rooms designed to mimic the Beauty and the Beast movie, is another standout. Here, gluten-free diners can enjoy many options for breakfast, a quick lunch, or a more elegant dinner. Le Cellier Steakhouse in Epcot's Canada pavilion has always been another favorite destination for gluten-free diners who can enjoy a wide range of steaks and other delicious specialties. The AAA 5-diamond Victoria & Albert's restaurant at Disney's Grand Floridian Resort & Spa offers a seven to ten course menu, making it perfect for a special occasion or for those who enjoy haute cuisine. Chef Keating specifically mentioned Jiko – The Cooking Place at Disney's Animal Kingdom Lodge, as being a good dining choice. The restaurant focuses on the flavors of Africa and Asia. He also singled out California Grill in the Contemporary Resort. But again, both chefs stressed that as of fall of 2015, the roll out of this program will make gluten-free options available at all table-service and quick-service restaurants.
One remaining challenge that Chef Jones and his team would like to work on is making the buffets at many of their restaurants even more allergy-friendly. For now, however, guests who need to avoid any of the top eight allergens are encouraged to talk to a chef who will happily prepare food in the kitchen in order to minimize any risk of cross contamination at the buffet.
In his nearly three decades with the company, he has witnessed – and been on the front lines of – the quantum leap from the approach to handling individual dietary requests to where Disney is today. He loves how the new menus give guests a wider variety of choices and simultaneously help streamline things for the chefs.
Downtown Disney, home to many (non-Disney) restaurant chains, is worth checking out, too. There you'll find the popular Erin McKenna's Bakery NYC (formerly Babycakes) selling all sorts of allergy-free treats. Some packaged items from the bakery can even be found at select locations throughout Disney parks and resorts. And, with one week's notice, the bakery will gladly deliver their specialty cakes to most table-service dining locations on Walt Disney World property.
If you're spending time at Disneyland in Anaheim, recommended options for dining include Wine Country Trattoria (at California Adventure), Big Thunder Ranch Barbecue , and Tomorrowland Terrace .
So whether you don your Mickey ears at Disney World or Disneyland, you'll never be far from amazing gluten-free and allergy-free cuisine that allows you to remain safe and enjoy the true magic of Disney's chefs.


text:
using namespace gl;

namespace globjects
{

StateSettingType::StateSettingType()
: m_functionIdentifier(nullptr)
{
}

StateSettingType::StateSettingType(void * functionIdentifier)
: m_functionIdentifier(functionIdentifier)
{
}

bool StateSettingType::operator==(const StateSettingType & other) const
{
    return m_functionIdentifier == other.m_functionIdentifier && m_subtypes == other.m_subtypes;
}

std::size_t StateSettingType::hash() const
{
    return std::hash<void*>()(m_functionIdentifier);
}

void StateSettingType::specializeType(const GLenum subtype)
{
    m_subtypes.insert(subtype);
}

StateSetting::StateSetting(std::unique_ptr<AbstractFunctionCall> && functionCall)
: m_functionCall(std::move(functionCall))
, m_type(m_functionCall->identifier())
{
}

StateSetting::~StateSetting()
{
}

void StateSetting::apply()
{
    (*m_functionCall)();

}

const StateSettingType & StateSetting::type() const
{
    return m_type;
}

StateSettingType & StateSetting::type()
{
    return m_type;
}

} // namespace globjects

namespace std
{

size_t hash<globjects::StateSettingType>::operator()(const globjects::StateSettingType & type) const
{
    return type.hash();
}

} // namespace std

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub