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Вя́тичи () — восточнославянский племенной союз, населявший в VIII—XIII веках бассейн Верхней и Средней Оки и Верхнего Дона (на территории современных Московской, Брянской, Калужской, Орловской, Рязанской, Смоленской, Тульской, Воронежской и Липецкой областей).

Археологические памятники представлены волынцевской и ромено-борщёвской археологическими культурами.

Этимология
Согласно народно-этимологической версии, приведённой в «Повести временных лет», название вятичи произошло от имени родоначальника племени, Вятко, — уменьшительной формы от славянского имени Вячеслав:

Поляне же, жившие сами по себе, как мы уже говорили, были из славянского рода и назвались полянами, и древляне произошли от тех же славян и назвались древляне; радимичи же и вятичи — от рода поляков. Были ведь два брата у поляков — Радим, а другой — Вятко. И пришли и сели: Радим на Сожи, и от него прозвались радимичи, а Вятко сел с родом своим по Оке, от него получили свое название вятичи.

Такой тип эвгемеризма, как выведение названия племени от имени его прародителя, был свойственен средневековой христианской книжности.

Одна из научных гипотез связывает происхождение этнонима с индоевропейским корнем *ven-t «мокрый, влажный» ().

На сегодняшний день наиболее актуальной является версия о том, что название вятичей (*vętitji) восходит к корню  «большой» (ср.  «больше»; к тому же корню восходят слова Вячеслав «большой славой», Вятка «большая [река]»), и, в конечном счёте, сопоставимо с такими этнонимами, как венеды (венеты) и вандалы, наряду с этнонимом вятичи восходящими к этнониму с индоевропейским корнем *wenət-, *wonət-, первоначально принадлежавшему какой-то одной западноиндоевропейской группировке.

География
По данным археологии территория вятичей имела следующие границы. Юго-западная граница вятичей проходит по водоразделу Оки и Десны. В верховьях Десны и её притоков, а также в бассейнах притоков Оки, Жиздры и Угры, выделяется полоса, где вятичские курганы соседствуют с кривичскими, памятники с находками семилопастных височных колец вятичей соседствуют с находками браслетообразных завязанных височных колец кривичей смоленско-полоцких.

Затем граница вятичей проходит вдоль долин Угры и Оки вплоть до впадения Москвы в Оку, минуя бассейны Протвы и Нары. Далее граница расселения вятичей следует на северо-запад вдоль правых притоков до верховьев Москвы-реки (где также встречаются памятники кривичей), а потом поворачивает на восток по направлению к верховьям Клязьмы. При впадении Учи в Клязьму граница поворачивает на юго-восток и идёт сначала по левому берегу Москвы, а затем Оки. Крайняя восточная граница распространения семилопастных височных колец — Переяславль-Рязанский.

Далее граница распространения вятичей идёт к верховьям Оки, включая бассейн Прони. Верхнее течение Оки целиком занято вятичами. Обнаружены также отдельные археологические памятники вятичей на верхнем Дону, на территории современной Липецкой области.

Летописные упоминания

Помимо «Повести временных лет», вятичи упоминаются (как В-н-н-тит) и в более раннем источнике — письме хазарского царя Иосифа сановнику Кордовского халифа Хасдаю ибн Шапруту (960-е годы).

В арабо-персидских источниках упоминается страна Вантит. Персидский автор Гардизи писал о ней так: «И на крайних пределах славянских есть мадина, называемая Вантит (Ваит, Вабнит)». Арабское слово «мадина» могло означать и город, и территорию, ему подвластную, и всю округу. В «Худуд аль-алам» говорится, что некоторые из жителей первого города на востоке (страны славян) похожи на русов. Повествование идет о тех временах, когда здесь ещё не было русов, и земля эта управлялась своими князьями, которые именовали себя «свиет-малик». Отсюда шла дорога в Хазарию, в Волжскую Булгарию, и только позднее, в XI веке, состоялись походы Владимира Мономаха.

Тема страны Вантит нашла место и в текстах скандинавского летописца и собирателя саг Снорри Стурлусона.

Происхождение
Согласно «Повести временных лет», вятичи и радимичи были «от рода ляхов», то есть западных славян.

По археологическим наблюдениям, расселение вятичей происходило с территории Днепровского левобережья или даже с верховьев Днестра (где обитали дулебы).

Большинство исследователей считает, что субстратом вятичей являлось местное балтское население. Предшественниками славянского населения в бассейне верхней Оки были представители сложившейся к III—IV векам мощинской культуры. Такие особенности культуры, как домостроительство, обрядность, керамический материал и украшения, в частности вещи, инкрустированные цветными эмалями, позволяют отнести её носителей к балтоязычному населению. Археолог Т. Н. Никольская, посвятившая большую часть своей жизни археологическим исследованиям территории бассейна Верхней Оки, в своей монографии «Культура племён бассейна Верхней Оки в I тысячелетии нашей эры» также сделала вывод о том, что верхнеокская культура близка к культуре древних балтов, а не финно-угорского населения.

История

Вятичи расселялись в бассейне Оки в начале IX века. Согласно «Повести временных лет», в IX — середине X века вятичи выплачивали дань Хазарии по шелягу (предположительно, серебряной монете) с сохи. Как и у прочих славян, управление осуществлялось вечем и князьями. Находки многочисленных монетных кладов свидетельствуют об участии общин в международной торговле.

Ко времени утверждения князем Олегом Вещим в IX веке Древнерусского государства (из полян, словен, кривичей, радимичей, северян, дреговичей и древлян) со столицей в Киеве, вятичи не входили в состав Древнерусского государства.

В 964—966 (либо 968—969) годах в результате походов князя Святослава вятичи были временно подчинены Киевской Руси. Сын Святослава — Владимир — вновь воевал с вятичами и наложил на них дань в 981 году. Они восстали, и в 982 году их пришлось завоёвывать снова. До конца XI века они сохраняли определённую политическую независимость; упоминаются походы против вятичей князей этого времени. В «Поучении Владимира Мономаха» упомянуты предводители вятичей — Ходота с сыном: «А въ вятичи ходихом по две зиме на Ходоту и на сына его, и ко Корьдну, ходихъ 1-ю зиму» (между 1078 и 1084 годами).
Во время усобиц XII века упоминаются города вятичей, возникшие в более ранние эпохи. По мнению Б. А. Рыбакова, главным городом вятичей был Корьдно (Кордно) (отождествляется с селением Корно Мосальского уезда, ныне — село Корное Мосальского района Калужской области).

Земли вятичей вошли в состав Черниговского, Ростово-Суздальского и Рязанского княжеств. В последний раз вятичи упоминаются летописью под своим племенным именем в 1197 году.
Археологически наследие вятичей в культуре русского населения прослеживается до XVII века.

Археология

С VIII века начинается заселение верховьев Оки славянским населением, мощинская культура сменяется археологической культурой, которая сопоставляется учёными с роменской и борщёвской. Об этом говорят культурные элементы в домостроительстве и керамике, характерные для славян. Считается, что при этом балты не покинули прежних мест расселения, а переняли некоторые обычаи у пришедших славян. Так, под влиянием представителей мощинской культуры у славян появляется традиция хоронить умерших в курганах, ранее для них не характерная, как и обычай сооружения кольцевых оград. Характерные особенности славянской культуры верхнего Поочья VIII—X веков — это керамика, близкая по характеристикам к роменской, и лепная посуда (горшки, миски и сковороды), большая часть которой не имеет орнаментов, меньшая имеет орнаментацию, аналогичную роменской.

В верховьях Оки, до впадения в неё Угры, процесс ассимиляции протекал наиболее интенсивно и завершился к XI—XII векам.

Вятичи внесли значительный вклад в славянскую колонизацию Волго-Окского междуречья. Продвижение вятичей на северо-восток вдоль долин Оки, а затем Москвы происходит с IX—X веков. Об этом говорят открытия нескольких селищ с лепной керамикой в Серпуховском, Каширском и Одинцовском районах Московской области. При этом славянская колонизация не происходит в бассейнах Нары и Протвы. Указанный период характеризуется высокой плотностью славянских курганов с типичными для вятичей семилопастными височными кольцами. Наибольшее число таких захоронений обнаружено в бассейне Москвы. Граница ареала вятичей и кривичей прошла по водоразделу Москвы и Клязьмы. Вятичи освоили большую часть будущей Рязанской земли, однако не стали преимущественным славянским населением на нижней Оке, в районе Мурома, где преобладали кривичи.

Поселения
Жилища вятичей представляли собой землянки (4 метра на 4 метра), обложенные изнутри деревом; над землёй возвышались бревенчатые стены с двускатной крышей. Поселения располагались на больших расстояниях друг от друга и, как правило, по берегам рек. Многие деревни были окружены глубокими рвами. Землю, выкопанную изо рва, вятичи сваливали в вал, укрепляя его досками и сваями, а затем утрамбовывали, пока стена не доходила до желаемой высоты. В стене делали вход с прочными воротами. Перед входом через ров перекидывали деревянный мост. Остатки укреплённых поселений археологи называют городищами, а неукрепленных — селищами.

Известны городища вятичей в Глазуновском районе Орловской области (Тагинское городище), на территории Кремля в Москве, в Рязани (Старая Рязань).

Позднее вятичи начали строить срубные дома, которые одновременно являлись жильём и защитным сооружением. Срубной дом был выше полуземлянки, часто строился в два этажа. Его стены и окна украшались резьбой, что производило сильное эстетическое впечатление.

Хозяйство
Вятичи занимались охотой (пушниной они платили дань хазарам), сбором мёда, грибов и диких ягод. Они также занимались подсечным земледелием, позднее — пашенным (просо, ячмень, пшеница, рожь), скотоводством (свиньи, коровы, козы, овцы). Во все времена вятичи были отличными землепашцами и умелыми воинами. В хозяйстве вятичи использовали железные топоры, сохи, серпы, что указывает на развитое кузнечное дело и металлургию.

Верования

Вятичи долгое время оставались язычниками. В XII веке ими был убит христианский миссионер Кукша Печерский (предположительно 27 августа 1115 года). Поздняя легенда сообщает о принятии христианства в некоторых местах только в начале XV века:
в 1415 году, в княжение великого князя Василия Дмитриевича, сына Донского, мценяне не признавали ещё истинного Бога, почему и посланы были в том году, от него и митрополита Фотия, священники, со множеством войск, для приведения жителей в истинную веру. Мценяне ужаснулись, стали воевать, но вскоре поражены были слепотой. Посланные начали склонять их к принятию крещения; убеждённые тем некоторые из мценян: Ходан, Юшинка и Закей крестились и, прозрев, обрели Крест Господень, иссечённый из камня, и резной образ Николая чудотворца, в виде воина, державшего в руке ковчег; тогда, поражённые чудом, все жители города спешили принять святое крещение.

Погребения (курганы)

Над мертвыми вятичи совершали тризну, а затем кремировали, возводя над местом погребения небольшие курганные насыпи. Это подтверждается археологическими раскопками в бассейне Москвы. Отличительной чертой женских захоронений вятичей считаются семилопастные височные кольца. О балтском влиянии на вятичей (через местные племена мощинской культуры) также говорят характерные украшения — шейные гривны, которые не принадлежат к числу распространённых украшений в восточнославянском мире X—XII вв. Только у двух племён — радимичей и вятичей — они получили относительно широкое распространение.

Среди вятичских украшений есть шейные гривны, неизвестные в других древнерусских землях, но имеющие полные аналогии в летто-литовских материалах. В XI—XII веках курганы этого региона имеют уже характерный вятичский облик, погребения ориентированы головой к западу, в отличие от балтских, для которых типична ориентировка на восток. Также славянские погребения отличаются от балтских групповым расположением курганов (до нескольких десятков).

«Повесть временных лет» так описывает погребальный обряд вятичей:

И если кто умрёт, совершают над ним тризну. После неё складывают большой костёр, кладут на него мертвеца и сжигают. После этого, собрав кости, складывают их в малый сосуд и ставят на столбе у дороги. Так делают вятичи и ныне. Такому же обычаю следуют и кривичи, и прочие язычники.

Антропологический облик
Антропологически вятичи, по мнению Т. И. Алексеевой, располагаются в пределах европеоидных величин. Они имели длинный череп, узкое, ортогнатное, хорошо профилированное в горизонтальной плоскости лицо и довольно широкий средневыступающий нос с высоким переносьем, долихокранию. Выделяются шесть локальных групп вятичей, которые обнаруживают весьма значительное сходство по большинству признаков. Наиболее типичными для вятичей, по-видимому, следует считать те черты, которые характеризуют средневековое население, жившее по верхнему и среднему течению реки Москвы и в междуречье Москвы и Клязьмы. Также вятичи, живущие по нижнему течению р. Москвы и в бассейне Пахры, являются наиболее узколицыми. А вятичи с самой западной территории их расселения (среднее течение реки Угры) отличаются сильно выраженной долихокранией, относительно широким и наиболее профилированным лицом. Последняя группа обнаруживает явное сходство со смоленскими кривичами. Вятичи по некоторым признакам входят в пределы вариаций этих признаков к этническим группам Кавказа, помещаясь, однако, среди минимальных их значений. Г. Ф. Дебец, используя данные Т. А. Трофимовой, касающиеся вятичей, в сводной работе по палеоантропологии СССР (1948) считал, что следует говорить о небольшой субуральской примеси у восточных вятичей. В целом, комплекс расоводиагностических признаков позволяет отнести вятичей к европеоидной расе.

Известный антрополог В. В. Бунак относил большинство вятичей к северопонтийскому типу.

См. также
 Вятко
 Курганы вятичей
 Христианизация Земли вятичей

Примечания

Литература

 Зайцева И. Е., Сарачева Т. Г. Ювелирное дело «Земли вятичей» второй половины XI—XIII в.
 Майоров А. А. Древние вятичи и их особое место среди восточнославянских племен IX—XI вв. // Вестник Костромского государственного университета. 2015. № 3. С.101−105.
 Майоров А. А. Территориальные группировки вятичей VIII—XII вв // Вестник Костромского государственного университета. 2017. № 3. С.18-21.

Ссылки
 Карта расселения народов Европы в IX веке
 Реконструкция облика женщины из племени вятичей (1)
 Реконструкция облика женщины из племени вятичей (2)


text:
A Deft Robotic Hand That'd Make Luke Skywalker Proud
Photograph: Evan Dougherty/University of Michigan Engineering
Matt Simon
Surgeons use muscle grafts to amplify nerve signals—allowing amputees to control a new prosthetic with incredible precision.
In an ordinary lab at the University of Michigan, Joseph Hamilton, of Flint, does the also-ordinary: He grabs a shiny ball and a bottle; he presses buttons and stacks little cubes; he zips and unzips zippers. Well, it would be ordinary if Hamilton wasn't an amputee doing this all with a robotic hand—à la Luke Skywalker—and if he wasn't a test subject for a major advance in the control of robotic limbs.
"It worked awesome," Hamilton says of his test run with the robotic hand. "If it was something that I had access to for daily use, it would make life so much easier."
Up until this point, researchers have succeeded in giving amputees control over robotic hands by measuring nerve activity in the residual limb. That signal is extremely faint, resulting in clunky control of the prosthesis—the wearer may need to flex their shoulder to get the device's thumb to move, for instance. But writing today in the journal Science Translational Medicine, researchers describe a clever way to amplify these signals for users like Hamilton. It's so effective, participants can put on the robotic hand and pull off fine motor functions right away, no training required.
It all comes down to how the patients regrow their nerves. When a person loses, say, their arm from the elbow down, all their nerves want to grow back where they were before. "Patients get this big ball of nerves called a neuroma," says University of Michigan plastic surgeon Paul Cederna, who codeveloped this new system. "And that can lead to pain and can prevent them from wearing their prosthesis and severely impact their quality of life."
Courtesy of University of Michigan Engineering
But the nerves' proclivity for growth is also the trick with this new technique. Cederna and his colleagues took small pieces of muscle and surgically wrapped them around nerve endings in the residual limb. Instead of balling up, the nerves innervated the muscle tissue, which greatly amplified their electrical signal. Think of it like building a megaphone for nerves.
"So we were able with this approach to not only treat the end of the nerve to prevent the nerve from getting the neuroma pain and phantom pain," Cederna says, "but also at the same time take those tiny little signals and amplify them with that piece of muscle." They also added electrodes to the muscle to detect the signals, which were now up to 100 times more powerful than before the nerves grew into the muscle. By this point, the nerves were downright shouting. (By the way, a skin graft wouldn't work as well as a muscle graft, because motor nerves don't go to skin.)
In their experiments with Hamilton and three other subjects, the team found that after doing the grafts, the nerves that control the thumb interacted with this new muscle just as they would if the person still had their thumb. "We know the intent—in that case, to flex the thumb—just like the nerve and muscle interacted when there was a thumb," says Cederna.
Next, the team had the subjects simply imagine a bunch of different hand movements. As they did so, an EKG picked up the signals of their nerves activating, just as the nerves would have done before the person lost their limb. They tracked these to pair particular nerve signals with particular movements. "The anatomy is making these signals very different from one another, and is very finger-specific," says University of Michigan biomedical engineer Cindy Chestek, who codeveloped the system. One nerve might be highly active for controlling the thumb, for instance, but remain silent when another finger is moving.
All of this information is fed to algorithms, which learn to detect the nerve signals involved in making a fist, for example. The system then translates that collection of signals into commands telling the robotic hand how to scrunch all five fingers together.
"With about 15 minutes of training data, we train our algorithm and we start running online," says Chestek. Then the subjects can try controlling the robotic hand. "And they can do it on the first try," she says. That's a big difference from what they may have experienced before with other prosthetics, which require more practice and are less intuitive to use. "The learning is in the algorithms, not in the people," she says.
The hardware closely mimics the natural movements of a human limb, allowing the subjects like Hamilton to pull off fine manipulations like closing zippers. "It was pretty much a sense of having a real hand back, almost, as far as usefulness," says Hamilton. "It worked very well, very seamlessly."
The hardware is technically called the DEKA, after DEKA Research and Development, which invented the robotic hand. But the team also fondly calls it Luke's hand, after the Skywalker. It's made of a semitranslucent white sheath over a robotic skeleton, and was attached to the participants' residual limbs using a specially designed socket.
"The very exciting part about this work is that it's a biological interface," says biomedical engineer Paul Marasco of the Cleveland Clinic, who wasn't involved in the research. "They do the amplification biologically, and so once they've done that surgery, the interface itself is actually really pretty solid." That means strong, clear signals that translate into complex manipulations of the robotic arm.
The system is still in its early days, with a major caveat being that the subject has to be hooked up to a computer in the lab—at-home or on-the-job use isn't available yet. But the payoff of perfecting this technology and moving it out of the lab could be huge. Instead of making prosthesis wearers have to learn how to control a robotic hand, they'd just have to think of the movement, and the hand would instantly pinch or grasp or let go.
Cederna says it's important to make the prosthetic as easy to use as possible, because even if the device is ultimately helpful, people won't want to adopt it if it's a hassle. "They need to wake up in the morning, put this thing on, turn it on, and it works," says Cederna. "We can't expect people to spend two or three hours calibrating the device before they can use it. You can't get people to floss their teeth every night, and that takes 10 minutes."
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Compound returns is one of the most powerful concepts in the world of investing.
Albert Einstein states "Compound interest is the greatest wonder in the world. He who understands it earns it...he who doesn't pays it."
What are the Benefits of Compounding in Finance and Investing?
What investments are Best for Utilizing Compound Returns?
Why Are Compound Returns So Important?
How Much Money is Required?
How Do You Start Saving?
How Long Do You Need to Invest?
How Much Will You Leave?
I was first introduced to conp9und returns at church. Before you start bashing my home church, it was not about charging people interest, but the power of compounding returns when investing.
I was about 15 or 16 years old and I had just finished Saturday school. I shamelessly attended a few months in hopes of meeting a cute girl. Look I wasn't as evolved as I am today.
At any rate, while I was busy learning God's word, my Dad was in a breakout group with adults learning about the power of compound returns.
He showed me this pamphlet that illustrated the power of compound returns over 20 and 30 years and from that point on I have been hooked on the markets.
I just couldn't wrap my mind around the fact money could grow to such large sums while I did absolutely nothing in terms of labor.
There are basically three variables or inputs to calculate compound interest: (1) starting principal, (2) expected rate of return and (3) length or period.
Despite being praised by mathematicians and the financial community at large, interest on loans was largely shunned by many of the world's cultures and religions. Referred to as usury, which is the act of lending at interest or excessive interest was frowned upon and considered an act of enslaving one's brethren.
Compound interest was able to push through the historical negative connotation and today is a large part of our financial institutions from banking to investing.
When talking about compound interest, it is always best to understand simple interest in order to truly realize its power.
So what is simple interest?
Simple interest is a percentage on your investment paid to you after a fixed period of time - usually one year.
Compound interest, on the other hand, reinvests the interest received at the end of every year or a certain period and thus increasing your capital over time.
For example, if you invested $1,000 in a one year fixed deposit with an annual interest rate of 5%, at the end of the one year, you would have $1,050. The fifty dollars would represent interest earned over that period of time.
Now, if you had the same option as above, but opted for a 2-year fixed deposit term, let's see two ways you can make money.
In the first option, you invest $1,000 at 5% annual interest rate. Therefore, at the end of the first year you make $50 on your investment. Now you re-invest the $1,000 principal and by year-end make another $50.
Therefore, with simple interest, you make a total profit of $100 over two years.
Taking the same example, let's see how returns are different when you opt for compound interest.
At the end of the first year, you make $50 in interest. But instead of withdrawing this interest, you reinvest it for the second year along with your initial investment of $1000.
So for the second year, you have invested $1,050. Now, at 5% annual interest rate, your investment would be $1102.5. Here $1,000 was your initial investment and your profits are $102.50.
When you compare the simple interest and compound interest, you can see that with compounding you made an additional $2.50.
The above picture depicts the difference between simple and compound interest. The example shows that while the interest rate of 10% was applied to both, with simple interest, the $10 interest was paid every year.
By compounding at the same 10% interest, by year 3, the interest earned is $12.10 - 21% more than the fixed 10$ return.
Compounding is simply a process of making more returns on an investment by re-investing the earnings.
Compound interest helps investors or savers to grow their investments exponentially and is particularly advantageous to young investors as time is the greatest variable working in their favor.
The compound interest, which is reported as a percentage refers to the annualized rate of return at which the invested capital has compounded over the period of time.
In this example, the interest is compounded once per period.
This value of $1,276.28 can also be reached via the simpler formula where the interest is compounded once per period only.
Compound interest, when expressed in annualized terms is referred as the Compound Annual Growth Rate or CAGR for short.
The CAGR represents the annual growth rate of the investment over a period of time. CAGR is derived by dividing the value of the investment at the end of the period by the value of the investment at the start.
The result is raised to the power of one divided by the period of time and the resulting amount is subtracted by one.
If we go back to the example from the previous section, we can calculate the CAGR.
Therefore, the compounded annual growth rate or CAGR for the investment over the 5 year period is 5%.
The left side of the table shows an initial investment of $1,000 that gives a 1% annual return. The interest from the first year's investment is reinvested back into the second year and so on.
The right side of the table depicts the example when an investor adds $1,000 every year.
Two key points from the above table: time and the amount of money invested can greatly increase the returns.
Interest rates play a major role for any type of investing. After all, interest rates set by the central bank become the benchmark for just about anything - from investments to debt.
Compounding can play a big role in certain types of investments where the investor receive regular payouts such as dividends or interest on bonds.
As a rough comparison, if you invested $10,000 in a dividend paying stock with an average annual return of 12% you would have $96,462 at the end of 20 years.
On the same note, if you invested $10,000 in a non-dividend paying stock with the same annual return, it would have given a total return of $56,044, close to half of the amount one would have earned if they had invested in a dividend paying stock.
The above chart compares both the values. As you can see, the power of compounding clearly stands out in certain cases of investments.
Besides dividends, a classic case of compounding the returns is applicable with bank deposits such as savings accounts, fixed-term deposits, and certificates of deposits.
For investors holding bonds, the annual or bi-annual interest payments can be reinvested in purchasing other bonds or other securities. There are also specific bonds such as the zero coupon bonds which automatically include compounded returns.
The tradeoff is you do not get the interest payments but receive the face value of the bond and compounded interest at maturity.
So, we have run through all the numbers, yet this doesn't feel real for some reason. I mean all of the calculations are real for sure, but how does this really impact our lives?
This is something I want you all to really think about in terms of seeing if you can do this for your family or a worthwhile charitable cause. How do we improve the lives of generations to come long after we are gone?
Simple answer - compounding returns.
Most people go through life working extremely hard to provide for their loved ones but are often unable to make enough to take care of everything and still leave a sizable nest egg.
After you do what's required to raise your kids, pay for college, pay off your house and save for retirement, there just isn't much left. If you don't have kids, don't worry you still fall in the same boat.
The money you have spent to help aging parents, a health condition, nieces and nephews or a charity close to your heart has also left you strapped.
Regardless of your attachments in life, life has some way of separating you from your money.
This is the first question you need to answer. For me, it's my great-grandchildren I will likely never meet.
Who do you want to give a headstart to in life? Is it a person or organization doing awesome work to help make the world a better place?
You should definitely give this a lot of thought, but don't worry - you won't screw it up.
This is solely up to you again. I apologize as that's likely not a helpful response. For me, the number is $10,000. However, for you, the number could be much higher or $500 dollars.
The point is that you are helping someone or a cause bigger than yourselves.
Three years gives you enough time to get your act together, but not so much time the goal is not a priority. This timeline breaks down to 36 months.
Now the easy part, let' s say your goal is $2,500 dollars - this breaks down to 70 bucks per month. Do you see how these large numbers become very manageable once you stretch them out?
If your goal is $500 dollars, then that means you need to set aside about 14 bucks a month.
This is the really easy part. You can invest in the US market. You can do this through a number of means, but for simplification sake, you can buy the SPY ETF which mirrors the price action of the S&P 500.
I'm hoping that you are a fan of movies in order to get this reference. One of my favorite movies as a kid was Back to the Future Part II. In this film, a Western Union man delivers a message to Marty McFly that Western Union had been holding for 70 years. The man said the letter was first delivered to the company in 1855 and was to be delivered to a recipient Marty McFly in 1955.
Still wondering how long you need to keep the money invested? That's right, you need to keep the money out there for 70 years. Call this an example of life imitating art from the movie.
This means you will likely not be here for the positive response from recipients. You are truly performing this act of giving out of love.
According to this article posted on CNBC, the S&P 500 has returned an average of 9.8% over the last 90 years. So, let's do some really simple math here.
You can find a number of free investment calculators. I landed on one from investor.gov.
Let's say you decide to save that 70 bucks a month for three years and invest the $2,500 dollars. Well flash forward 70 years and the money would have amassed to a whopping 1.7M.
Since we are going so far out in the future, a dollar today is not worth a dollar 70 years from now. In actuality, one dollar today will require 5 dollars to buy the same goods and services in 70 years.
So even factoring this rough estimate for adjusting for inflation, you are still leaving behind $350,000 in real dollars. I get that this is an oversimplification of the numbers and I'm doing that intentionally.
The point is you are going to leave someone an unexpected love offering that can help alter the trajectory of their lives.
The $10,000 I am leaving will provide my future generations close to 7M which will be about 1.4 million dollars 70 years from now.
You can always just say "use however you see fit" and that is completely ok. I plan on leaving one stipulation and that is the money should be used towards higher education. Of course, I will need to put in safeguards under a trust to manage all sorts of risks. From market collapse to in-fighting from future heirs.
But I think you get the point.
Provide something to someone out of love that can help them get a jump start on life in order to make this world a better place.
As shown in this article, compound returns are something that investors and consumers need to thoroughly understand.
Building upon this idea, the key aspect of successful compounding investing is time.
Remember life is more than money, but when you don't have any it can mean the world. Find ways to help your fellow woman and man and a long-term gift is a great way to do it!


text:
Archived ULS News & Announcements
All floors except ground now open!
The final phase of the Hillman Reinvention begins, with the ground floor and the core of the building (including elevators and bathrooms) under renovation starting spring 2023.When completed, these newly renovated spaces will contain:a centrally located help...
Hours, Collections, and Services Updates
The libraries are here to help you succeed. As the University adjusts its posture, so do the libraries with appropriate modifications to services and facilities. Please continue to check this page for updates and additional details. ... ...
Love Data Week
Love Data Week is an annual time for libraries to showcase, discuss, and celebrate working with data. 2023 is the Year of Emotional Well-Being at Pitt, and this year we want to emphasize healthy learning and professional development. ...
The August Wilson Archive is Now Open for Research Use
The University of Pittsburgh Library System is pleased to announce that students, faculty, researchers, scholars, and the public now have access to the August Wilson Archive in Hillman Library. The organization of the archive is detailed in the collection ...
WTAE TV Takes a Look Inside the Romero Archive
See our Horror Studies Collection Coordinator give WTAE TV a tour of the Romero Archive!
Conversation with Evan Laine on his Book: Arlen Specter: Scandals, Conspiracies, and Crisis in Focus
Arlen Specter Center, Paul J. Gutman Library and the University of Pittsburgh Library System present a Conversation with Evan Laine on his Book: Arlen Specter: Scandals, Conspiracies, and Crisis in Focus
Andrey Avinoff: Fantastic Visions
This exhibition at the University Art Gallery explores the life and art of Andrey Avinoff (1884-1949), the émigré artist, scientist, professor, and museum director whose scholarly rigor and flamboyant creativity left an indelible mark on Pittsburgh...
We Have Acquired the Dr. Freddie Fu Archives
We are pleased to announce the acquisition of the papers of Dr. Freddie Fu, noted orthopaedic surgeon and a leader in the field of sports medicine.
Meet friend of the library and library Board of Visitors member Brian Wongchaowart
Brian has generously supported the Archival Scholars Research award and the renovated ground floor of Hillman Media Labs.
Undergrads: Apply to be an Archival Scholar!
Awardees will develop independent research projects from rare books, manuscripts, music, photographs, diaries, organization records, or other archival collections found in the University of Pittsburgh Library System's distinctive collections. Click...


text:
Q: How to use duplicity for a rotating backup schedule I'm trying to use duplicity to create a rotating backup schedule: hourly backups for the last day, daily backups for the last week, weekly backups for the last month, monthly backups forever (to S3).
If there's a better way to accomplish this than what I'm about to describe, I'll take it. But I'll also take figuring out why this isn't working.
I've created a set of scripts: hourly, hourly_clean, daily, etc...., and then put them in cron
 12  *  *  *  * root /etc/duplicity_backup/hourly
 16  *  *  *  * root /etc/duplicity_backup/hourly_clean
 18  2  *  *  * root /etc/duplicity_backup/daily
 22  2  *  *  * root /etc/duplicity_backup/daily_clean
 24  3  *  *  7 root /etc/duplicity_backup/weekly
 28  3  *  *  7 root /etc/duplicity_backup/weekly_clean
 30  4  28 *  * root /etc/duplicity_backup/monthly

Here are the hourly and daily scripts:
#!/usr/bin/ksh
#
# hourly
#
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=<my_key_id>;
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=<my_key>;
PASSPHRASE=foo;

export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID;
export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY;
export PASSPHRASE;

/usr/local/bin/duplicity --archive-dir /mnt/data/var/cache/duplicity \
    --name webserver_vhosts --s3-region-name eu-central-1 \
    --tempdir /mnt/data/var/tmp/ \
    --full-if-older-than 1D \
    --include **/wp-content \
    --exclude **/wp-content/themes --exclude **/wp-content/plugins \
    /mnt/data/www/vhosts/ boto3+s3://mirovoy-backup-webserver/hourly;

#!/usr/bin/ksh
#
# daily
#
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=<my_key_id>;
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=<my_key>;
PASSPHRASE=foo;

export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID;
export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY;
export PASSPHRASE;

/usr/local/bin/duplicity full --archive-dir /mnt/data/var/cache/duplicity \
    --dry-run --name webserver_vhosts --s3-region-name eu-central-1 \
    --tempdir /mnt/data/var/tmp/ \
    --full-if-older-than 1W \
    --s3-use-ia \
    --include **/wp-content \
    --exclude **/wp-content/themes --exclude **/wp-content/plugins \
    /mnt/data/www/vhosts/ boto3+s3://mirovoy-backup-webserver/daily;

The hourly backups work fine, but the others, AFAICT, don't do anything.
If I try and run them manually, it gives a warning, but no errors:
$sudo ./daily
Warning, found signatures but no corresponding backup files
Sync would remove the following spurious local files:
duplicity-full-signatures.20210317T001201Z.sigtar.gz
duplicity-full-signatures.20210319T011202Z.sigtar.gz
duplicity-full.20210317T001201Z.manifest
duplicity-full.20210319T011202Z.manifest
duplicity-inc.20210317T001201Z.to.20210317T011201Z.manifest
duplicity-inc.20210317T011201Z.to.20210317T021201Z.manifest
[... lots more local files]
Last full backup date: none
--------------[ Backup Statistics ]--------------
StartTime 1616136196.38 (Fri Mar 19 06:43:16 2021)
EndTime 1616136207.36 (Fri Mar 19 06:43:27 2021)
ElapsedTime 10.98 (10.98 seconds)
SourceFiles 97158
SourceFileSize 1083141759 (1.01 GB)
NewFiles 54089
NewFileSize 1083141759 (1.01 GB)
DeletedFiles 0
ChangedFiles 0
ChangedFileSize 0 (0 bytes)
ChangedDeltaSize 0 (0 bytes)
DeltaEntries 54089
RawDeltaSize 0 (0 bytes)
TotalDestinationSizeChange 0 (0 bytes)
Errors 0
-------------------------------------------------

As I said, the hourly works fine, but the others aren't pushing anything to S3. Why are the daily/weekly/monthly backups not working? Alternatively, is there a better way to get duplicity to accomplish this?

A: The daily script has the option "--dry-run", which according to the duplicity man page has duplicity "Calculate what would be done, but do not perform any backend actions".  The hourly script omits that option.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Emiliano Sala's body has been officially identified after it was recovered from the plane wreckage at the bottom of the English Channel.
In the hours since the tragic news was revealed, the professional footballer's sister Romina posted a heartbreaking tribute to him.
Her caption, which is written in Spanish, reads: "Your soul in my soul, it will shine forever, thus illuminating the time of my existence.
Dorset Police released a statement following Sala's identification, saying: "The families of Mr Sala and the pilot David Ibbotson have been updated with this news and will continue to be supported by specially-trained family liaison officers. Our thoughts remain with them at this difficult time.
The organisation said: "In challenging conditions, the AAIB and its specialist contractors successfully recovered the body previously seen amidst the wreckage.
"The weather forecast is poor for the foreseeable future and so the difficult decision was taken to bring the overall operation to a close.
Before the AAIB stepped in, oceanographer, marine scientist and well-known shipwreck hunter David Mearns launched a survey vessel and confirmed the wreckage had been found after 'a couple of hours' of searching the seabed of the English Channel.


text:
Q: add and position text to sankeyNetwork using htmlwidgets I am struggling to make modification to html widget produced with sankeyNetwork  function.
Say that SD is the output of the function SankeyDiagram() so that dput(SD) returns the values here.
colorJS  is the following vector:
> colorJS
[1] "d3.scaleOrdinal([\" #1f77b4\", \"#aec7e8\", \"#ff7f0e\", \"#ffbb78\", \"#008800\", \"#ff9900\", \"#aaaaaa\", \"#ffcc33\", \"#548235\", \"#00CC00\", \"#203864\", \"#315597\", \"##5A82CA\", \"#3399ff\", \"#33ccff\", \"#999999\", \"#9467bd\", \"#c5b0d5\", \"#8c564b\", \"#c49c94\", \"#e377c2\", \"#f7b6d2\", \"#7f7f7f\", \"#c7c7c7\", \"#bcbd22\", \"#dbdb8d\", \"#17becf\", \"#9edae5\", \"#1f77b4\", \"#aec7e8\", \"#ff7f0e\", \"#ffbb78\", \"#008800 \"])"

to create a  sankeyNetwork I do the following:
sankey <- sankeyNetwork(SD$links,SD$nodes,Source = 'source', Target = 'target', Value = 'value',
NodeID = 'name', sinksRight = FALSE, fontSize = 21, fontFamily = "Verdana", LinkGroup = 'group', NodeGroup = 'group', colourScale =colorJS, nodeWidth = 20, nodePadding = 20 ,                            iterations=0 , margin = list(top=-250, right=-700, left=-400, bottom=150))

    # add title and text
    sankey <- htmlwidgets::prependContent(sankey, htmltools::tags$h1(paste0('Country Group: ', country,';  Year: ',sYear0[y] )))
    sankey <- htmlwidgets::prependContent(sankey, htmltools::tags$h2('Gases', 'Sectors', 'Stages', 'Categories') )

I would like to achieve that the content in the widget (Gases, Sectors, Stages, CAtegoroes) to be vertically aligned with the stages of the diagrams, like in the figure like some sort of x-axis.
Can this be achieved with htmlwidgets (or any other trick)?
many thanks for your help

A: I worked it out by using:
htmlwidgets::prependContent(sankey, htmltools::includeMarkdown("group.txt"))

where 'group.txt' contains the   string repeated multiple times to produce blank spaces.
Not an elegant solution, but does the job.


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text:
Bravo's "Million Dollar Listing" now casting for NYC spin-off
Apr.April 06, 2010 08:57 AM
The cast of the LA version of "Million Dollar Listing," from left: Josh Flagg, Madison Hildebrand and Chad Rogers
Bravo's "Million Dollar Listing," the three-season Los Angeles realty reality show, which follows the trials and tribulations of three high-end real estate agents, is finally making its way to the East Coast with a casting call for a New York City version of the series. Rumors had previously pegged New York as a likely setting for the show's next frontier, until the real estate downturn apparently put a hold on its expansion. But with the market showing strong signs of recovery, Bravo has renewed its search for "prominent, big personality real estate agents in New York who handle the most high-profile clients, buyers, sellers and listings in town." Anyone come to mind? Let us know in the comments which brokers you'd like to see star in the show. [Curbed]
bravoMillion Dollar ListingSelling New York
MDLNY's Kirsten Jordan heads back to Elliman from Compass
WATCH: Million Dollar Listing LA stars dish on the luxury market
"Million Dollar Listing" stars dish on LA's luxury market
"Million Dollar Listing New York" gets female star
Brokers in cabs: Why nothing can offend MDLNY's Ronita Kalra
What are Ryan Serhant's politics?
Will Ryan Serhant leave New York City?
Ryan Serhant's must-have "three E's" for every broker he hires


text:
Marshall falls to Louisiana in New Orleans Bowl
Matt Digby
WOAY – Marshall football's 2021 season ended Saturday night with a 36-21 loss to Louisiana in the R+L Carriers New Orleans Bowl.
The Ragin' Cajuns scored on their opening drive of the game and jumped out to a 10-0. Marshall would answer with two Rasheen Ali touchdowns to take the lead, before two Louisiana field goals put them in front 16-14 at halftime.
Ali would rush for a third touchdown in the third quarter, but the Ragin' Cajuns answered with 20 fourth-quarter points to wrap up a 13-1 season. Marshall finishes the year at 7-6 in their first year under head coach Charles Huff.
For the Thundering Herd, Ali ran for 160 yards to complement his three scores, while Grant Wells threw for 99 yards and an interception. Cajuns quarterback Levi Lewis threw for 270 yards and a touchdown, while also running for 74 yards.
Matt Digby is the Sports Director at WOAY-TV. He joined the station in January 2015 – right in the middle of Big Atlantic Classic Week. Read More
WNBA star Brittney Griner freed in US-Russia prisoner swap
Freefolk Brewery gearing up to relocate to a new and bigger location, plans to keep the taproom in Fayetteville open
Russian court rejects Britney Griner's appeal for 9 year sentence


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The first time we went to Six Senses Zighy Bay in Oman a few years ago the friendly man at the foot of the mountain asked, "Do you have any experience with mountain driving?" As my husband's eyes lit up, he confidently nodded his head yes despite the fact that he most definitely did not. The man then handed him a form which my husband signed with barely a glance. As we began our steep ascent up the rocky mountain I asked what it said. It waives them of any responsibility if we drive off the side of the mountain he explained. Terrific.
Not surprisingly, we made it to the gorgeous resort on the other side without incident and were led to a cozy little villa nestled between the mountain and the sea. You could call it a Babymoon, our last holiday as a family of three before our second daughter arrived a couple of months later, or you could call it an Eid holiday. Either way it was the perfect place to create new memories.
My husband and I spent five peaceful days with our twenty month old daughter making footprints in the sand, collecting sea shells, teaching her how to swim, spotting goats, colouring pictures of desert animals and reading endless bedtime stories. It is hard to top a Babymoon in Bali but Zighy Bay managed to compete.
This year, Sri Lanka was near the top of my travel wish list but by the time we started looking at a short holiday for Eid, the thought of a flight with our two curious girls, even a relatively short one, sounded like the opposite of relaxing. Thankfully my husband is pretty brilliant and said, "Why don't we go back to Zighy Bay? Its only a two hour drive from Dubai, no flight required." By evening, the hotel was booked.
My packing effort for the trip was much less efficient and despite all of the wonderful "help" from the kids, guess who forgot to bring her bathing suit – to a remote resort on the other side of a mountain where most of the hot summer day will be spent by the pool and the ocean.
Luckily the resort boutique had a selection of bathing suits in case of such oversights. Not so luckily, the only bathing suit in the boutique that fit me turned out to be the worlds most expensive one – a pretty navy blue one with brown chain link straps, imported from Italy and designed for socialites to wear by the water, not in it. I rocked it for five days with the kids and it is now safely folded in my drawer near my jewelry. Some husbands might have had something to say about the situation but mine took it all with a good sense of humour, knowing that the alternative might lead to him packing for everyone next time.
This trip was as lovely as the last one. The kids spent hours each day playing in the pool and when we finally managed to get them both down for an afternoon nap after lunch, the adults enjoyed the scene with a glass (ok, bottle) of wine. The picture above looks peaceful but floating just outside of view are Batman, Wonderwoman, Superman, a pink ball, a net full of colourful fish, two sand buckets full of toys, two pairs of goggles, a bucket of pencil crayons and a bunch of other floaty things without names.
The summer sun is hot in Oman in June so we usually only ventured from the shade to the beach in the late afternoon. The kids ate complimentary ice cream, built sand castles, collected sea shells, hunted for crabs and chased the waves. It was amazing to watch them approach the water more boldly each day until they were swimming in the waves and letting the salty surf crash into them on our last.
Water aside, the rest of the resort was pretty fantastic too. The buffet breakfast was delicious and a fun outing for the kids each morning. They also enjoyed the kids club and we usually stopped by on our way home from breakfast so they could do yoga or work on an art project. Between the kids and the heat we didn't get too adventurous but there was still plenty to do. We watched other guests paraglide through the sky, my daughter rode a bike, I did a pilates class, my husband watched the US Open and we fed the goats that are lucky enough to call Zighy Bay home. My youngest loves animals and, full of nervous giggles, she bravely approached the goats until all the food was gone. My oldest gave it her best effort but in the end, preferred to throw the leaves at the goats and run away whenever one looked at her.
An extra special Father's Day.
In the evenings, after a long day in the water, we rinsed away the salt and sand in the outdoor shower, ordered room service (because it was easier than taking tired kids to one of the restaurants) and let the kids stay up late to watch the animal channel together. That is one of my daughter's favourite memories and she has already started asking if we can stay up late to watch the animals again.
Overall, it was the perfect, lazy family holiday that we needed. I was sad to see it come to an end but happy for the wonderful new memories in Oman. My husband steered our car back towards the narrow mountain road and within five minutes of leaving the resort, both kids had fallen asleep, their soft Zighy goats (one almost three years old and one brand new) clutched tightly in their arms.
← Mommy, our house is broken!


text:
Iggy Pop: 15 Things You Didn't Know (Part 1)
juliangibson.1stangel.co.uk
Iggy Pop is an enigmatic figure in the history of rock and roll. On the one hand, much his music is very well-known and can be found in movies and television being made to this day. On the other hand, he has a strange, abrasive and somehow appealing persona that has added to his fame. Find out more about the singer and musician below in part one of this list.
Number Fifteen: He Was a Close Friend of David Bowie. They were close for decades until David Bowie's recent passing. Much of David Bowie's sound can be heard as influencing Iggy Pop's music, especially on The Idiot.
Number Fourteen: He Was Born in a Small Town in Michigan. His father was a high school teacher and a baseball coach. Pretty normal beginnings for one of the future true weirdos of rock and roll.
Number Thirteen: His First Band Was Called the Iguanas. He recorded a few records with the group. He also later adopted his moniker of "Iggy" because of his involvement with the band.
Number Twelve: He Has Been Known for Wild Stage Behavior. This was especially true in the 1970's when he was addicted to drugs. He would sometimes cover himself in peanut butter; for other shows, he would roll around in broken glass onstage.
Number Eleven: He Has Stated That the Internet Has Decreased Shock Value. This isn't exactly a shocking revelation, and it's probably something most of us can agree with. Still, it means a little more coming from one of the originators of shock himself.
Number Ten: He Could Have Been the Singer of The Doors. Before Jim Morrison's death, there were myriad comparisons between the two singers. Both had constructed unorthodox sounding music, and both were dynamic stage presences. After the death of Morrison, Iggy Pop was even invited to replace the late singer in The Doors. But he opted not to take the gig.
Number Nine: He Claims to Not Know How to Send an Email. This should be surprising, but somehow it makes sense. And that's all for part one of this list, but part two will be out for you soon.
Tags: David Bowie, Iggy Pop, Jim Morrison
Tyler Plosia
Jim Morrison: Top 6 Outrageous Interview Quotes
Limited Edition Vinyl Released for Black Friday
Space Filmed "Space Oddity" To Be Taken Down
David Bowie's 'China Girl' Turns 32
Foo Fighters Will Headline Glastonbury Festival
The Doors' Light My Fire is Still On Fire 48 Years Later


Hi dancers and friends! How about a pre St. Patrick's Day dance at Trinity Hall this Sunday afternoon? There won't be room to stir on the day itself, so get your dancing fix in early! It's open to everybody, so don't be shy.
How about the Duke Reel, Rince Fada, 4-Hand…what else would you like?
or you'll miss some of the fun.


text:
Q: how to use $elemMatch in populate function hi how can I use elemMatch in populate ?
picture.findById(pictureId).populate(
{
        path: 'comments',
        $elemMatch: { "likes": user.id },
        populate: {
            path: "user",
            select: ["username", "thumbnail"]
        }
    }
)

I try this but not working

A: Use match instead of $elemMatch
https://mongoosejs.com/docs/api.html#query_Query-populate
picture.findById(pictureId).populate(
{
        path: 'comments',
        match: { "likes": user.id },
        populate: {
            path: "user",
            select: ["username", "thumbnail"]
        }
    }
)


In order to better investigate the role of values as a mechanism of change in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, the psychometric properties of the Valued Living Questionnaire (VLQ), Values Bull's Eye (BE) and the Personal Values Questionnaire-II (PVQ-II) were examined. Specifically, the advantages of removing the Parenting and Work domains from the VLQ for use with young adult and adolescent populations were explored. This was followed by a statistical comparison of the three measures in order to assess their utility as a research tool in these younger individuals. A total of 352 participants were recruited, those under the age of 27 were considered to be young adults. It was found that by removing the domains of Parenting and Work improved both concurrent and convergent validity in the VLQ. Our statistical comparison revealed the 8-domain VLQ to predict a greater amount of unique variance in depression, anxiety and vitality while the BE was superior in predicting overall distress. The results support the creation of a modified 8-domain version of the VLQ for use with adolescents and young adults. This study also has implication for future researchers in the area of values.
Sanford, Brandon Thomas, "Measuring Values: Assessing the Properties of Current Tools" (2012). MSU Graduate Theses. 1792.


text:
Avianca Brasil to Exit Star Alliance
Brazilian airline Ocean Air Linhas Aéreas S/A, headquartered in São Paulo and formerly doing business as Avianca Brasil, will formally leave Star Alliance with effect from 1 September 2019.
Ocean Air's withdrawal follows several months of bankruptcy protection and the withdrawal of its Air Operator Certificate (AOC) by Brazilian regulator ANAC.
The Star Alliance network maintains a significant and long-time presence in the Brazilian market continuously since its founding in 1997.
As of 1 September 2019, the Alliance will number 27 member airlines.
Jeffrey Goh, CEO Star Alliance, said: "Initially joining Star Alliance in 2015, Avianca Brasil made important contributions to our customer proposition in the Brazilian market, and we regret this unfortunate development.
"I wish to stress that the exit of Avianca Brasil in no way affects the membership of Avianca S.A., our valued member based in Bogota, Colombia, which continues to be a significant contributor to the Alliance in South America"
Eleven of the Star Alliance member airlines offer direct services to and from Brazil, namely: Air Canada, Avianca, Air China, Copa Airlines, Ethiopian Airlines, Lufthansa, SWISS, South African Airways, TAP Air Portugal, Turkish Airlines and United.
Taken together, Star Alliance member airlines operate 588 weekly flights from 11 domestic points in Brazil to 17 Star Alliance hubs, offering connections to a further 738 international destinations, more than any other airline alliance.
The Star Alliance network was established in 1997 as the first truly global airline alliance to offer worldwide reach, recognition and seamless service to the international traveller. Its acceptance by the market has been recognized by numerous awards, including the Air Transport World Market Leadership Award and Best Airline Alliance by both Business Traveller Magazine and Skytrax. The member airlines are: Adria Airways, Aegean Airlines, Air Canada, Air China, Air India, Air New Zealand, ANA, Asiana Airlines, Austrian, Avianca, Brussels Airlines, Copa Airlines, Croatia Airlines, EGYPTAIR, Ethiopian Airlines, EVA Air, LOT Polish Airlines, Lufthansa, Ocean Air Linhas Aereas S/A (formerly doing business as Avianca Brasil), Scandinavian Airlines, Shenzhen Airlines, Singapore Airlines, South African Airways, SWISS, TAP Air Portugal, THAI, Turkish Airlines and United. Overall, the Star Alliance network currently offers more than 19,000 daily flights to over 1,300 airports in 194 countries. Further connecting flights are offered by Star Alliance Connecting Partner, Juneyao Airlines.
Tags: Avianca, News


text:
Q: Linking static libraries with clang independent of order In GCC, I can use the linker flags -Wl,--start-group and -Wl,--end-group to resolve linking problems with libraries that have circular dependencies. I'd like  to do the same with clang, but it seems like this feature was dropped in lld version 3.2. How do I do it?

A: The release notes of LLVM 3.2 state that

llvm-ld and llvm-stub have been removed, llvm-ld functionality can be partially replaced by llvm-link | opt | {llc | as, llc -filetype=obj} | ld, or fully replaced by Clang.

By default clang seems to use the system linker. That is on Linux for example it uses the GNU ld:
$ clang --version
clang version 3.2 (branches/release_32 170558)
...
$ clang -Wl,--verbose
GNU ld (GNU Binutils; devel:gcc / openSUSE_12.3) 2.24.0.20140403-196
...

This suggests that you can use -Wl,--start-group and -Wl,--end-group as with GCC.

A: I'm not a fan of circular dependencies :) but here some say they handle this cases by linking some libraries twice. I haven't tried it but this might increase your code's footprint.
$(CC) -o myApp -lfoo -lbar -lfoo

I don't know if this works with clang but it might worth a shot.
Best solution would be removing the circular dependencies as it will generate you more problems in the future.

A: I had a similar problem linking with a custom clang compiler using a QT c++ project.
The problem turned out to be that QT was using clang (c compiler) rather than clang++ (c++ compiler). By defining the compiler as clang++ instead of clang in the QT project (setting QMAKE_CXX=clang++) the project linked successfully.
As I understand it, the same holds true for gcc and g++.


Several leading businesses including Allstate NI were among a clutch of winners honored at the inaugural Northern Ireland Health and Fitness Awards.
Allstate NI won Best Corporate Wellness Programme, and member of ANI HR including Danielle Fletcher (Belfast), Sarah Montgomery (Belfast) and Garreth Harvey (Strabane) where there to pick up the prize.
The event in the Crowne Plaza Belfast, attended by 500 guests, celebrated the outstanding achievements of the local health and fitness industry. It was presented by Strictly Come Dancing star and health and fitness advocate Gemma Atkinson and Q Radio's Ninja Warrior Ibe Sesay.
Centra sponsored the awards, and its brand manager Jennifer Morton said: "This was a fantastic way to recognise the hard work, passion and dedication of people in the health and fitness industry here. We were inundated with entries, and the judges were humbled by the stories from people dedicated to improving physical and mental health."
A huge congratulations to the ANI Human Reosurces team on their big win! A great reminder of ANI's commitment to their employees and their health & Wellbeing!
Check out coverage in the recent Irish News.
On Friday, June 22nd, Allstate NI was delighted to host the DMNI Bronze Award luncheons; hosting all Diversity Mark NI members who successfully passed the scrutiny of the Assessor Panel.
Allstate NI have been closely engaged with DMNI since its inception and are a founding and engaged member of the organisation. Allstate NI was therefore very proud to be one of the recipients of the award.
The NI Gender Diversity Charter Mark framework enables organisations to identify and reflect on institutional barriers facing women that impact on their career progression and in doing so helps progress the overall diversity agenda, and the working environment for all employees in the organization.
putting in place a strategy and action plan to effect change.
Charter Mark organisations acknowledge that advancing gender equality demands commitment and action at all levels of the organisation and, in particular, active leadership from the CEO and those in senior roles.
requires organisations to report publicly on an annual basis on the activities and initiatives designed to deliver progress against these internal targets and to support the transparency and accountability needed to drive change.
Allstate NI are committed to the Charter and will work within our organization to set and achieve stretch goals to advance gender equality. We will also promote diversity in our messages to the wider community and our engagement in external activities to promote diversity. Beyond this, we will work with DMNI to expand the Charter Mark footprint across all areas where diversity is key, such as ethnicity and sexual orientation.
For more information visit the Charter Mark NI website.
Secretary of State for Northern Ireland The Rt Hon Karen Bradley MP joined Allstate Northern Ireland as the company officially opened its new Belfast headquarters.
The new building will house Allstate employees providing technology, cybersecurity, business and accountancy services to its parent company, the Allstate Corporation, one of the largest publicly owned property and casualty insurance companies in the U.S.
"It is a great privilege to officially open Allstate's Northern Ireland flagship headquarters. These wonderful premises are a strong testament to the skill and imagination of Northern Ireland's design and construction talent, where they have created an inspiring and innovative workspace for a world-class, forward-looking organisation such as Allstate.
"Allstate has been instrumental in showing that with ambition and vision, a company can grow their workforce tenfold. Not only have they created one of Northern Ireland's first major IT inward investors, but they have tapped into the wealth of talent that the Northern Ireland workforce provides to overseas investors, providing high-quality jobs across Belfast and the North West.
"By continually investing in their staff, and their research and development into IT excellence, the Northern Ireland team are at the forefront of digital innovation. On behalf of the UK Government, I want to thank them for the pivotal role they play in developing a Northern Ireland economy fit for the future."
"This investment in a modern new workplace is part of our corporate business transformation, which is focused on innovating to better serve our customers."
"The building delivers a stimulating, collaborative working environment for employees. The impressive design fits the requirements of our world-class organization and supports our outstanding employees in defining, delivering and maintaining technology now and for the future."
The new building was completed in two years, spans six floors and includes large, sociable working spaces, a restaurant, break-out areas, outdoor terrace and high-tech software development labs.
Allstate come to Women's Aid!
Allstate Partner with Women's Aid for the Children & Domestic Violence Conference.
In August 2017, Women's Aid Federation Northern Ireland (WAFNI), Bank of Ireland (BoI) and Allstate met to investigate the possibility of sponsoring a high-profile conference (the first of its kind) which would shine a light on children's experiences of domestic violence.
Immediately a strong partnership formed between the three organizations with a clear vision and an ethos, which stretched beyond monetary value and reflected a genuine commitment to collaborate. Over the next six months, this partnership worked collaboratively to organise, promote and deliver a highly successful event, which would initiate a powerful movement for change.
The See, Hear, Act conference was held on 7th and 8th February 2018 in Stranmillis College Belfast. For the first time ever, senior representatives from education, legal, health and community backgrounds came together in one room to hear from high calibre speakers, participate in dynamic workshops and collectively discuss the role they could all play in making a difference for children.
Children's voices took centre stage throughout with testimonials, drama performances and powerful videos. The event also marked the launch of a book of children's voices (also, a first of its kind), a moving and creative journey of children's experiences of living with domestic violence and the support they received. This powerful resource includes children's art, poetry, letters etc. and was designed by Allstate in partnership with WAFNI.
The conference attracted widespread media interest including radio and television as well as featuring in several Newspapers (Belfast Telegraph and Irish News). Social media promotion was hugely successful resulting in attendance of over 200 delegates from NI, the Republic of Ireland, England, Wales and Scotland.
The conference exceeded expectations and has proved to be a strong catalyst for change. Impact is evidenced in the evaluation report and highlighted in the following sections. Since the event, WAFNI has been inundated with requests for further information, training delivery and proposals for innovative partnership working at community and government levels. There has been further media interest with proposals from Channel 4 and NVTV to produce dedicated features on the issue. Sales from the book of children's voices have been outstanding with proceeds helping to fund vital services.
This partnership is an outstanding example of how industry and charity can work together to bring real and lasting social impact to communities. There is huge learning to be gained from this model, which can easily be replicated by others. All parties are committed to sustaining and nurturing this partnership and plans are in place for future working which will include bringing the successful Allstate Foundation Purple Purse (which has helped more than 1 million survivors break free from domestic violence through financial education and empowerment in the US) to Northern Ireland.
The #ALLtogetherNI programme has culminated in an end of year celebration in Belfast City Hall to mark a successful community and corporate partnership between Allstate and Lean In Belfast.
Launched back in January, #ALLtogetherNI has seen 600 people attend events aimed at addressing gender inequality and lack of diversity in the workplace.
Lean In Belfast members and members of the Women In Technology group at Allstate NI have attended sessions on networking, unconscious bias and knowing and owning your strengths.
Lean In groups have been set up all over the world to encourage women to pursue their ambitions, following the 2013 publication of the bestselling book of the same name by Facebook Chief Operation Officer, Sheryl Sandberg.
The Belfast group was first started in 2014 and through the partnership with Allstate NI has become so successful that it has attracted praise from the Lean In Foundation, which has 34,000 groups in 150 countries.
The City Hall celebration is the first European event of its kind for Lean In and was attended by new Head of Lean In Europe Emma Roberts and US-based Carla Zuniga, Senior Vice President Allstate and Executive Sponsor of AWIN (Allstate Women's 'I' Network). Certificates of Graduation were given to those who attended events throughout the year.
"It means so much for a volunteer- led organisation such as Lean In to partner with Allstate NI.
"Allstate's assistance has enabled us to work on a range of initiatives to bring the great programmes Lean In Belfast has to offer to companies and individuals alike and we have heard so many success stories throughout the year!
"By partnering with one of Northern Ireland's leading companies we have encouraged many more women and men to get involved and work towards gender equality in the workplace and society at large.
"The partnership has been hugely successful both in helping us grow our membership to over 1,200 but also in supporting and empowering women in their careers."
"We've had some amazing success stories; individuals who've come through and got promoted and were initially very nervous about going for it and didn't feel they had the confidence to do it – which is one of the key things we see, time and time again, in terms of how women and men's perspectives differ when it comes to their careers.
"Other individuals have come through the programme with a better focus around what they want to do with their careers, while others have been successful in launching new businesses. We wanted to celebrate all of it, and celebrate how you can start something small and local, and see it take off.
"This partnership has also helped to expand the Lean In Belfast community, too, so it's been a huge win-win that all began over a cup of coffee. We can take great pride in the work achieved in 2017. The advances we've seen this year really have surpassed my expectations, and have galvanised all of us involved to drive the gender equality further into the business world."
Allstate Northern Ireland was honored as 'Business of the Year' at the 2017 Strabane Business Awards' gala ceremony on Saturday 25 March. The Awards are organized by the Strabane Chamber of Commerce and the Strabane Chronicle and they aim to spotlight exceptional local business.
Celebrating, rewarding and recognizing excellence was the order of the evening at the Strabane Business Awards on Saturday night, in which eight employees attended on behalf of Allstate Northern Ireland.
"winning the Business of the Year Award, sponsored by Derry City and Strabane District Council is an important recognition for Allstate Strabane. It's our employees who made this possible and this latest honor underscores the high quality and commitment from employees."
The Strabane site of Allstate Northern Ireland employs 450 employees. The team is largely comprised of Technical Support Service Desk employees who provide a range of technical support services and solutions to insurance agents and Allstate employees. Since inception in 2003 the team has grown from strength to strength starting with 38 employees.
The 'Business of the Year' Award also recognised Allstate Northern Ireland's transformation into a Continuous Improvement Organisation. Over the last year the Strabane team has completely transformed how they work by implementing a Continuous Improvement management system. This has enabled people to lead and contribute to their fullest potential, connecting strategy, goals and meaningful purpose, discovering better ways of working and delivering value efficiently to the customer.
"We are delighted to receive this award, it is recognition of the hard work and efforts all employees in the implementation of Continuous Improvement, Cognitive Computing and other cutting edge strategies within Strabane. It was a tough category against some excellent companies, so this just reinforces the fact that Allstate is an industry leading company with industry leading talent."
Employee engagement has been a key focus and over the last year, and the team participate in monthly Employee Barometer pulse checks, in addition to the annual VOICE survey. Employees have played an active role in focus groups and in 2017 a team of 44 employee change champions are leading an exciting cultural and engagement change initiative known as Transformation North Star, the purpose of which is to make further meaningful enhancements to the working environment.
Congratulations to everyone based in Strabane on this very well deserved award.
Allstate Northern Ireland was named winner of the Outstanding HR Team category at the 2016 Global Business Excellence Awards.
Established in 1999, Allstate NI (ANI) is widely recognised as one of the most successful employers in NI today with over 2,300 employees. The company attributes their success to the outstanding contributions of their HR team: a team whose endeavours have extended far beyond the traditional scope of an HR support service, embracing everything from employee relations and training, to innovation, recognition, and legal. To date, Allstate NI have secured over 130 highly prestigious awards in the last 15 years.
"ANI's HR Team has turned the HR function on its head by taking on wider responsibilities beyond core HR including governance, risk and compliance, predictive modelling and corporate social responsibility. Demonstrating how powerful the initiative is, the strategy was chosen as Allstate's new international platform in 2013. All this has been achieved by a team of only six senior managers and 10 admin staff. Congratulations to the HR Team for advancing the HR function and having such a massive impact across Allstate globally."
"I am delighted that Allstate NI's HR team has received the recognition they so greatly deserve. At Allstate NI we pride ourselves on developing cutting-edge software services and innovative business solutions which set the global benchmark. However, this innovation extends beyond the scope of 'what we do', and has come to underpin 'who we are'. Our HR team have broken the conventional mould of any HR function, positioning themselves as a strategic business function."
The Global Business Excellence Awards are one of the world's highest profile awards and winning this accolade speaks volumes about the quality of your work. Due to their high profile, the Awards attract a wide range of entries from across the world, from large international PLCs and public sector organisations to dynamic and innovative SMEs. The winners all have one thing in common — they are truly outstanding at what they do and Allstate Northern Ireland have proved this by winning a Global Business Excellence Award.


text:
Cryptocrime Surges. PHOTO: Cybercrime Magazine.
31 Dec Crypto Scams, Exchange Breaches Surge Into 2022
Posted at 10:34h in Blogs, Podcasts	by	Di Freeze
Hackers are following the money trail
– David Braue
Melbourne, Australia – Dec. 31, 2021
In another item straight from the told-you-so files, hundreds of residents of El Salvador are claiming that funds are disappearing from their government-provided Chivo Bitcoin wallets — hardly a vote of confidence in the Central American country's three-month-old experiment in making the cryptocurrency a legal tender.
It's not clear yet whether the missing funds are due to cybercriminal activity or poor programming — but in a time when cryptocurrencies continue to probe record highs and governments from the UK, France, Australia and others are overhauling their crypto regulations, it is clear that cryptocurrency will continue to ride the headlines through 2022.
Crypto speculators are naturally enthralled, with deVere Group predicting that getting paid in Bitcoin will become normal operating procedure in coming years as Bitcoin prices continue to rise.
Activate Consulting's latest annual outlook and user survey has predicted a "massive runway ahead," with the number of consumers trading crypto expected to double over the next 12 months. "Consumers will move from buying cryptocurrency for investment to using cryptocurrencies for payments and transfers," the firm predicts.
Cybercrime Radio: Blockchain Gaming Company Hacked
96 digital wallets have their private keys stolen
Yet 42 percent of respondents to the survey said they would not acquire or use cryptocurrency in the coming 12 months because it is not safe — echoing the group's warnings that "early current intermediaries in the space are hacked somewhat frequently, eroding trust…. Anonymity creates challenges with preventing money laundering and terrorist financing, and makes regulation compliance difficult."
Going where the money is
Predictably, the increasing value and prominence of cryptocurrency ensures that cybercriminals will continue attacks on cryptocurrency exchanges and wallets, after a banner year in which new crypto scams were everywhere — from a scam selling fake Amazon Tokens, to a botnet called Twizt that has used "crypto clipping" techniques to steal $500,000 worth of cryptocurrency, to the $600m currency theft from Poly Network.
It can hardly be a surprise that, where increasingly serious money is involved, cybercriminals are getting engaged. And while the encryption underlying cryptocurrencies themselves remains largely airtight, vulnerabilities in the exchanges managing them have made for easy pickings as cybercriminals notch up one win after another — such as the August theft of over $97 million in cryptocurrency from Japanese exchange Liquid.
Cybercrime Magazine maintains a running tally of cryptocurrency's security compromises — but with even individuals suffering massive losses, the list is growing daily and the stakes have never been higher.
Cybercriminals will continue to refine their attacks to target individual digital wallets during 2022, predicts Derek Manky, FortiGuard Labs chief of security insights and global threat alliances, who warns that "cybercriminals are evolving and becoming more like traditional APT groups: zero-day equipped, destructive, and able to expand their techniques as needed to achieve their goals."
"The rise in rapid connectivity, everywhere and all of the time, presents an enormous attack opportunity for cybercriminals," he said, warning that increasing business use of cryptocurrency and digital wallets will increasingly attract attention from money-hungry cybercriminals in a 2022 where crypto theft becomes a key attack vector.
Scams pose an equally large opportunity for cybercriminals, often relying not on malicious compromise but simply on manipulating hapless victims that have heard about the potential rewards from crypto and are proving all too ready to follow the guidance of supposedly well-meaning "experts" offering their services.
Overall losses from cryptocurrency investment scams exploded last year, according to one Federal Trade Commission (FTC) report that flagged reported losses of $80 million from almost 7,000 consumers between October 2020 to March 2021 — up from just 570 scams and $7.5 million in losses during the same period a year earlier.
Security researchers continue to trace increasingly elaborate crypto schemes, leveraging companion email campaigns and social-engineering techniques that have already been heavily refined to support new Advance Fee Fraud schemes designed to extract Bitcoin from victims.
The relative immaturity of cryptocurrency oversight also leaves the industry open during 2022, with governmental efforts to reduce the risk in the system likely to take months or years to gain traction — and controversial crackdowns, such as the Biden Administration's efforts to impose order and reporting on cryptocurrency exchanges, ensuring that market adjustments continue for some time.
Exchanges will play an increasing role in reining in crypto crime, some have argued, although increasingly complex architectures — and central role in evolving decentralised-finance (DeFi) payment ecosystems that require potentially vulnerable new integrations and monitoring capabilities — means their fast-evolving code bases are likely to remain open targets for malicious attackers.
Closer monitoring of transactions and unrivalled visibility into payment details, however, may see exchanges become the heroes of 2022 as well as the victims — a point made by Chainalysis, which will soon release its 2022 Crypto Crime Report and warns that a surge in "rug pulls" will continue to threaten the cryptocurrency ecosystem by compromising trust.
"Scams represent a huge barrier to successful cryptocurrency adoption," the firm notes, citing exemplary work by cryptocurrency platform Luno in blocking scammers in the act, "and fighting them can't be left only to law enforcement and regulators."
Luno's efforts to block scammers' wallet addresses proved fruitful as the company's customers were increasingly protected from compromise.
"With this strategy, Luno took a courageous step towards establishing greater trust and safety in cryptocurrency," Chainalysis said, "which we hope to continue to see grow in the industry."
– David Braue is an award-winning technology writer based in Melbourne, Australia.
Go here to read all of David's Cybercrime Magazine articles.
Tweets by CybersecuritySF


text:
ALTER TABLE cards ADD COLUMN tsv tsvector;
CREATE INDEX tsv_idx ON cards USING gin(tsv);

UPDATE cards SET tsv = setweight(to_tsvector('english', coalesce(title, '')), 'A') || setweight(to_tsvector('english', coalesce(contents, '')), 'C');

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION cards_search_trigger() RETURNS trigger AS $$
begin
  new.tsv :=
    setweight(to_tsvector('english', coalesce(new.title, '')), 'A') ||
    setweight(to_tsvector('english', coalesce(new.contents, '')), 'C');
  return new;
end
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

CREATE TRIGGER cards_tsv_update BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON cards FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE cards_search_trigger();

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Ограниченный набор типов для дефолтных операторов сравнения Почему для создания дефолтных операторов сравнения можно использовать только (const T&) либо friend (const T&) и friend (T) комбинации параметров https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/default_comparisons?
Почему нельзя сгенерить операторы с параметрами по значению в случае функции-члена? Почему нельзя сгенерить операторы с неконстантными ссылками, rvalue-ссылками?


text:
Q: Cast QVariant to QList from a json string I'm trying to deserialize MyClass from JSON.
//MyClass.h
class MyClass : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    MyClass();
    MyClass(const MyClass& other);
    ~MyClass();

    int Counter = 0;
    QString Name;
    QVector<QString> NamesList;
    QJsonObject toJson() const;

};
Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(MyClass);

The json string is:
{
    "ClassList": [
        {
            "Counter": 100,
            "Name": "My Name",
            "NamesList": [
                "Name 1",
                "Name 2",
                "Name 3"
            ]
        },
        {
            "Counter": 5555,
            "Name": "2My Name",
            "NamesList": [
                "2Name 1",
                "2Name 2",
                "2Name 3"
            ]
        }
    ]
}

I can get the ClassList in QVariant by:
QVariantMap json_map = DeserializeFromJson(text);
QVariant listVariant = json_map["ClassList"];

But I cannot cast the listVariant to QList<MyClass>.
I've tried the following snippets and every time the result is empty.
QList<MyClass> myList = listVariant.value<QList<MyClass> >(); // Empty
QList<MyClass> list = qvariant_cast<QList<MyClass>>(listVariant); // Empty

QSequentialIterable iterable = listVariant.value<QSequentialIterable>();
for each (QVariant it in iterable)
    {
        bool convertable = it.canConvert<MyClass>(); // false
        MyClass cl = it.value<MyClass>(); // Empty
        MyClass cl2 = qvariant_cast<MyClass>(it); // Empty

        QObject* object = qvariant_cast<QObject*>(it); // Empty
        MyClass* cl3 = qobject_cast<MyClass*>(object); // Empty

        QVariant var;
        var.setValue(it);
        MyClass s2 = var.value<MyClass>(); // Empty
    }

A: You can use QVariantListinstead of QList<MyClass>.

A: Variable listVariant contains QVariantList with QVariantMap items. To deserealize  listVariant into QList<MyClass>, you should transform QVariantMap to MyClass and then QVariantList to QList<MyClass>. You can tell Qt how to do it by specifying qvariant_cast template:
template <>
MyClass qvariant_cast<MyClass>(const QVariant& v) {
    MyClass result;
    result.Counter = v.toMap()["Counter"].toInt();
    result.Name = v.toMap()["Name"].toString();
    result.NamesList = v.toMap()["NamesList"].toStringString();
}

template <>
QList<MyClass> qvariant_cast<QList<MyClass>>(const QVariant& v) {
    QList<MyClass> result;
    foreach(const QVariant& item : v.toList()) {
        result.push_back(qvariant_cast<MyClass>(item));
    }
    return result;
}


text:
Head to Vegas for its 100th birthday
Sun | R & R
By Roger Petterson, The Associated Press — May 8th, 2005
You'd hardly know it to look at the place, but Las Vegas claims to be 100 years old this year. Why not plan a little vacation trip to help them celebrate?
The big day is May 15, and you can learn more by going to the city's official Web site — www.visitlasvegas.com — and clicking on the red Centennial button. Next, go back to the main page and hit "Special Offers" to see what sort of hotel deal you can put together for the dates of your stay. If nothing grabs your fancy there, go to "Stay" for links to all the hotels, and check the maps to see where everything is located.
Once you've got the preliminaries out of the way, you need to click on "Play" for guides to the casinos, golf courses, shows, nightclubs and dining. Celine Dion is at Caesars Palace, Cirque du Soleil has a couple of shows around town, Reba McEntire and Kenny Chesney have dates coming up in June at the Mandalay Bay and Elton John is on the calendar in July at Caesars Palace.
Shop around to see if you can find any other hotel deals that fit your schedule and budget at Vegas.com — www.vegas.com — which also advertises airline-plus-hotel combo packages. They'd like to have your business for booking everything from limos to Grand Canyon tours to golf course tee times. And yes, you can get married in Vegas; click on "Weddings" for links to chapels, caterers, florists, photographers and jewelers.
About Las Vegas — http://aboutlv.com — claims to be the "guide to everything you should know" about the city, so take a look at their guide to The Strip, transportation around the city and local attractions, including day trips, thrill rides and free things to do. For travelers thinking of taking the under-age crowd, be sure to consult their "Las Vegas for Kids."
If you can tear yourself away from the casinos, a trip to Vegas isn't complete without seeing the Hoover Dam — www.usbr.gov/lc/hooverdam — the giant plug in the Colorado River that supplies electricity to the city and holds back Lake Mead. Check out "Tour Information" for essentials, including directions. The Lake Mead National Recreation Area — www.nps.gov/lame/index.htm — has information on what you do on and around all that water behind the dam.
For something a little more unusual than a big lake, point your rental car westward to Death Valley National Park — www.nps.gov/deva — but be sure to click on "Plan Your Visit" to get an idea of what the weather extremes are like.
If you need any more details on things to do outside the casinos, the Chamber of Commerce — www.lvchamber.com/visit/index.htm — has links to helicopter tour companies, restaurants (who knew Vegas had a Hofbrauhaus?), and other points of interest including Valley of Fire Start Park.
The state Commission on Tourism — www.travelnevada.com — has more ideas for extended trips around the region.
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Italy's sunny Tuscany beckons travelers with a rich blend of history and scenery, art and hearty cuisine. Start checking it out on the Web at the official Turismo in Toscana -- www.turismo.toscana.it/new/index.htm -- by clicking on the ... [Read More...]
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Ethyl 2-azolylglyoxylates react smoothly with o-phenylenediamines and 1,2-diaminocyclohexane in acetonitrile at room temperature to give the corresponding 3-azolylquinoxalin-2(1H)-ones and their saturated analogues in good to excellent yields.
20 Unfortunately, all attempts to isolate the cis isomers from the mother liquor failed.
21 CCDC number for compound 6c is 913386.