One of the state's largest police forces failed to control its officers, allowing a man to be severely bitten by a K-9 controlled by a rogue cop, a federal jury ruled Thursday.
The six-man, two-woman jury found that the Atlantic City Police Department had an "official policy, practice or custom" that led one of its officers to use "excessive force" against an Ocean City man in 2013.
The civil court jury, sitting in Camden, determined that Atlantic City should pay plaintiff Steven Stadler, 49, $300,000 in compensatory damages. He sued three officers for excessive force and the city for failing to train, supervise and discipline its officers properly.
The jury also found that Police Officer John Devlin, the K-9 handler, used excessive force against Stadler, and determined Devlin should pay $500 in damages. The jury dismissed claims against officers Glenn Abrams Jr. and William Moore.
"Had (the department) intervened, disciplined, had a robust (internal affairs) function, had not rewarded officers for patterns of excessive force … if the city had not turned a blind eye, we would not be here today," Stadler's civil rights attorney, Jennifer Bonjean, told jurors in her closing statement Tuesday.
READ: Police brutality in NJ can be stopped. Here's how.
Bonjean said the department has condoned misconduct for years by letting its rogue officers run "amuck," knowing their violent actions would be ignored by the city's "sham" internal affairs system. She's been involved several civil rights cases against the city, including another that's scheduled for trial in federal court on April 9.
The jury's "message is that they think it's the city's fault the cops are doing this," Bonjean said. "It's an extremely challenging case. I had a client who pled guilty to resisting arrest."
The city's defense lawyers contend Stadler was resisting arrest, and that officers used legal and reasonable force to get him under control. Stadler was arrested after he attempted to rob a coin box at a car wash owned by an Atlantic City police sergeant at the time.
A 2018 Asbury Park Press investigation of rogue officers across the state found that some of the most violent officers remain on the force even after being charged with crimes. The Press found that millions of dollars are paid to settle wrongful death or excessive force cases.
The three defendant officers all have long histories of internal affairs complaints, court records revealed.
"These officers did nothing more than their job that night," Tracey Riley, a Mount Holly attorney who represents the officers, told the jury in her closing statement.
Bonjean contends that officers with violent histories were promoted and then armed with dangerous police dogs by a department that ignored its "early warning system" for nearly 14 years. The system was set up to identify and remove violent or otherwise bad officers. But officers were never held accountable, she told the jury.
The Press investigation that examined police misconduct and internal affairs oversight in New Jersey found that Atlantic City paid out millions of dollars in civil excessive force lawsuit settlements and identified officers who had trouble throughout their careers but were allowed to stay on the force. The city refused to turn over other settlement records to the Press under the Open Public Records Act, saying that their record-keeping was in disarray and it would cost hundreds of dollars to track them down.
The gambling capital of the East Coast, Atlantic City gets about 27 million tourists a year. Between 2011 and 2016, six casinos closed, sending the city into financial upheaval. In 2016, then-Gov. Chris Christie appointed a law firm to run the day-to-day operations of the city as part of a state takeover.
The once-robust police department has been cut in recent years from more than 300 officers to 252 today. It still remains one of the largest police forces in the state.
A number of lawsuits have claimed that people have suffered permanent injuries because of rogue officers whose bad behavior was ignored throughout the entirety of their careers.
In an interview with the Press on Thursday, Police Chief Henry White Jr. said the department has changed significantly since the implementation of body cameras in 2015. He said internal affairs complaints and use of force reports plummeted since then.
"But I want to be careful to say that just because we're (making) improvements and implementing changes doesn't mean that what was done before was wrong," White said.
Rich Rivera, a New Jersey internal affairs expert and former police officer turned whistleblower, has worked as an expert for plaintiffs in several cases against the city's police department. He said there's "widespread knowledge" that there's wrongdoing occurring in the department.
The city, which is struggling with economic deterioration, has paid out millions to settle excessive force lawsuits in recent years. That doesn't include the city's legal defense costs. One officer still on the force, Sterling Wheaten, has cost Atlantic City $4.4 million alone.
Wheaten, when called as a witness during the Stadler trial to demonstrate the city's failed early warning system, invoked his Fifth Amendment right not to incriminate himself. His attorney said he's under federal investigation for an incident that involved his police dog biting 20-year-old David Connor Castellani in 2013, during an arrest outside the Tropicana Casino and Resort.
Castellani's neck needed more than 200 stitches after Wheaten sicced his dog on the young man, who had sought directions from the police after being separated from his friends at the casino, according to court records. The city settled with Castellani, who also is represented by Bonjean, in September 2017 for $3 million.
An email from internal affairs commander Lt. Lee Hendricks said the situation had been "under review" prior to the complaint.
For at least 14 years, the Atlantic City Police Department ignored an early warning system in place to flag officers who show a pattern of misconduct, Bonjean argued in the Stadler case.
Early warning systems are designed to protect both citizens and officers by making sure supervisors intervene with additional training, monitoring, counseling or psychological evaluations if it's needed.
Wheaten is just one of several officers whose history of internal affairs complaints — mostly for excessive force — started early and accumulated over the years, court records show. In a seven-year period, he had 33 complaints against him, 23 of which were for excessive force.
None of those complaints were sustained.
Officers who took the stand during the trial — Abrams, Devlin, Moore, Timek and Officer Mike Oldroyd — testified that no supervisor ever brought their complaint history or their triggering of the early warning system, to their attention prior to 2014 or 2015.
Oldroyd testified that he had a meeting with his supervisors regarding his internal affairs history in February 2014 — 14 years into his career.
Despite 91 internal affairs complaints until that point, his supervisor at the time agreed that the complaints were mostly "nonsense, not factual" and that they had an obligation to speak to him because he had a certain amount of complaints, he testified in a deposition.
Oldroyd said he wasn't left with the impression that he should be doing anything differently, and that he was a "proactive" officer who was doing a good job.
Lt. Bridget Pierce said officers were made aware when a complaint was lodged against them, though. She said now, when an officer is flagged for triggering the early warning system, a report is generated and sent to the county prosecutor's and attorney general's offices.
Chiefs of the department throughout the years knew the system wasn't working, according to testimony. Chief Arthur Snellbaker, who served from 2000 to 2006, testified that a computerized early warning system they had was an "unmitigated disaster," according to 2007 court records.
Former Chief Ernest Jubilee testified that when the city was going through its accreditation process in 2012, the paperwork falsely suggested the city was using a sophisticated software system to track officer behavior.
The city's internal affairs policy, which was revised in 2010, indicated that the city would start using an electronic tracking system, but the system was never implemented and a separate policy that would have shown how the department would respond to those who triggered the system was never enacted, he said.
MORE: Bad cops are built. Here's how.
Prior to a new, more complex electronic early warning system adopted by Chief White in 2015, internal affairs records were kept on a white index card by a clerk in the internal affairs unit, according to court records.
Atlantic City Police memorandums obtained from court filings show the department illegally purged internal affairs records — which included using white-out on the index cards — until 2008, which is against the attorney general's guidelines. Since 2000, the guidelines have required that internal affairs records be kept for the duration of the officer's career plus five years.
In 2015, the city's early warning system was drastically improved, White told the Press Thursday. He said a combination of three criteria will flag an officer with yellow, green or red, all of which gets reviewed. Some criteria include internal affairs complaints, use of force reports, motor vehicle pursuits, motor vehicle accidents and sick time usage.
"With this early warning system, it truly gives the commanders — well really everyone in the department — a complete snapshot of all our officers," said White, who became chief in 2013.
Wheaten started as a rookie in the department in 2007, and by 2012, he was promoted to a K-9 officer — a competitive and prestigious post, according to officers in the department.
Another officer, Sgt. Frank Timek, triggered the early warning system every year of his career with 44 complaints from 2002 to 2013 — mostly for excessive force, according to internal affairs records that came out during court proceedings in the Stadler case.
But he was still chosen for a K-9 post in 2008 and was promoted to sergeant in 2012. He's also a member of the department's stakeout unit, the SWAT team and the honor guard.
Just one of the 44 complaints against him was sustained. The charge, outcome and punishment weren't disclosed in court records.
Perks of being a K-9 handler include a pay increase, a take-home car, extra days off and being sent to the highest priority calls, like robberies, burglaries and resisting arrest, Timek said in court testimony.
The attorney general's internal affairs guidelines say that internal affairs history, regardless of the outcome, is relevant for tracking officer behavior.
Joe Rodriguez, a former Atlantic City officer and K-9 trainer, testified that he recommended Timek and Andrew Jaques not to be assigned dogs because of their temperaments.
In a 2007 federal court ruling, a judge wrote that Jaques exhibited a pattern of a "volatile, short-fused" officer with a series of written complaints that pertain to Jaques' inability to "control his temper or use verbal skills properly."
Timek and Devlin both testified in February that they didn't recall being asked about their internal affairs or excessive force history during the K-9 handler application process.
Jaques, who retired from the department on medical disability in August, was terminated by the department early in his career in 2006, but was reinstated by the state's Civil Service Commission, records show.
Kala Kachmar: @NewsQuip; 732-749-2238; kkachmar@gannettnj.com.


On Friday, October 27, Linkin Park honored the life of their friend and bandmate, Chester Bennington with a powerful and cathartic celebration at the Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles. It was the first time the five band members performed on stage together since Chester's passing on July 20, 2017. The one-night-only historic event was streamed live, exclusively on Tencent's QQ Music in China and on YouTube in the rest of the world.
At its peak, the stream drew 1.4 million concurrent viewers worldwide and within 24 hours, the concert topped the YouTube Trending Chart and has generated more than 5.5 million views and counting to date.
Thirty guest artists accompanied Linkin Park on stage to perform 31 songs over the course of 3 hours in front of a packed house of fans crying, celebrating, and singing. Even amongst the powerhouse roster of guests, fan voices resounded the loudest, carrying every word of "Numb" and "In The End" to the heavens and back. Guests included: Alanis Morissette, Zedd, blink-182, Steve Aoki, Julia Michaels, Machine Gun Kelly, Kiiara, Bebe Rexha, Gavin Rossdale [Bush], Tom Dumont, Adrian Young, and Tony Kanal, Jonathan Davis [Korn], Sydney Sierota [Echosmith], Jon Green, M. Shadows and Synyster Gates [Avenged Sevenfold], Daron Malakian and Shavo Odadjian [System of a Down], Ryan Key [Yellowcard], Deryck Whibley and Frank Zummo [Sum 41], Oli Sykes [Bring Me The Horizon], Jeremy McKinnon [A Day To Remember], Taka Moriuchi [ONE OK ROCK], Steven McKellar [Civil Twilight], Ilsey Juber, Ryan Shuck and Amir Derakh [Julien K].
Midway through the show, Mike Shinoda took the stage solo to perform the new song "Looking For An Answer" - penned a week after his bandmate's passing. Over cinematic piano chords, he captured the pervasive sentiment of speechlessness shared by everyone in attendance through each lyric and melody.
Prior to the spectacular finale of "Bleed It Out," Bennington's wife Talinda delivered an uplifting and thought provoking speech about her husband and the importance of mental health. She also revealed the launch of 320, named after Chester's March 20 birthday, to make access to mental health resources easier. For more information, visit www.ChangeDirection.org.
About the evening, Mashable wrote, "The band, joined by a laundry list of famous friends orchestrated a truly beautiful and cathartic tribute concert that was more than words," and Billboard concluded, "If anything, this night of revolving guest musicians had shown that Linkin Park's music can adapt - just as the band itself has over the course of seven studio albums."
Linkin Park band members personally contributed their profits from the show to the One More Light Fund, which supports Bennington's favorite Music For Relief program by bringing solar suitcases - solar electricity kits - to hospitals and health clinics without electricity. The fund will also shine a light on mental health; supporting individuals and families coping with mental and emotional struggles.
Linkin Park announced a global partnership with Mercedes-AMG earlier this year. Bennington played a key role in bringing the partnership together, and significant financial support was contributed in his honor by Mercedes-AMG. State Farm, Minerd Foundation and Bayern Munich Football Club also made generous donations to Music For Relief and the One More Light Fund. An excess of $1 million was raised through sponsorship pledges, band and individual donations, and merchandise sales so far.


Bob Pengraph's gallery of images from the HMSA Laguna Club Day held at Mazda Raceway, Laguna Seca, CA on April 24-25, 2010.
The Coronado Speed Festival is set against the stunning backdrop of San Diego Bay and will feature 280 of the world's most unique and pedigreed machines at one of the most distinctive racecar locations – Naval Air Station North Island, the birthplace of Naval Aviation.
The Coronado Speed Festival is produced by HMSA in association with the San Diego Fleet Week Foundation and hosted by the Naval Base Coronado and the Morale, Welfare and Recreation Program (MWR) which benefits military personnel and their families.


text:
International Review 2000s : 100 - 139
» 2003 - 112 to 115
» International Review no.114 - 3rd quarter 2003
The History of the Workers' Movement in Japan, ii
Submitted by International Review on 27 November, 2004 - 21:36
The	debate on the means of struggle
The revolutionary events of 1905 in Russia provoked something like an earthquake in the whole workers' movement. As soon as the workers' councils were formed, as soon as the workers launched mass strikes the left wing of Social Democracy (with Rosa Luxemburg in her text Mass strike, Party and Trade Unions, Trotsky in his text on 1905, Pannekoek in several texts, especially on parliamentarism), started to draw the lessons of these struggles. The emphasis on the self-organisation of the working class in councils, the critique of parliamentarism, which was pushed forward in particular by Rosa Luxemburg and Pannekoek, was not the result of a tendency towards anarchism but was a first attempt at grasping the lessons of the new situation at the onset of capitalism's decadence and of trying to understand the new forms of struggles.
Despite the relative international isolation of revolutionaries in Japan the debate on the conditions and means of struggles that also arose in Japan reflected the tumult in the working class and its revolutionary minorities on a world scale.
Much more clearly than before, two tendencies clashed.
On the one hand the tendency around Kotoku, with strong anarchist leanings, since their whole emphasis was on "direct action" along anarchist lines: a general strike and revolutionary syndicalism. Kotoku went to the USA in 1905/06 and became acquainted with the positions of the syndicalist IWW[1] and established contact with Russian anarchists. The anarcho-syndicalist current published the paper Hikari – The Light – from 1905 on.
On the other hand, Katayama defended unconditionally the parliamentary road to socialism in Shinkigen (New Times). Despite the divergences between these two wings they joined in 1906 to form the Socialist Party of Japan (Nippon Shakaito), which – as Katayama suggested – was to fight for socialism "within the limits of the constitution".
The Socialist Party of Japan existed from 24/02/1906 until 22/2/1907 and published the paper Hikari until December 1906.[2]
In February 1907 the 1st Congress of the new socialist party was held, where different points of view clashed. After having elected a delegate for the Stuttgart Congress of the 2nd International the discussion began. Kotoku spoke up vigorously against parliamentary work and demanded direct action (chokusetsu kodo). "We will absolutely not be able to carry out a real revolution for the objectives of socialism through universal suffrage and parliamentary politics. There is no other possible method than the direct action of the united workers (...) Three million men preparing for elections is worth nothing [for this] does not represent three million conscious and organised men". Tazoe defended the struggle on the strictly parliamentary terrain, while the majority adopted a compromise resolution tabled by T. Sakai. This went no further than to remove from the statutes the words "within the limits of the constitution".
At the same time the members were entitled to choose whether or not to take part in the movement for general voting rights, in anti-militaristic and anti-religious movements.
The positions and critique of Kotoku degenerated into anarchism and failed to take up the critique which began to be put forward by the left wing of the 2nd International of the opportunism of social-democracy, against parliamentarism and trade unionism.
Following this debate, Kotoku, who considered himself an anarchist from 1905 onwards, acted more and more as an obstacle to the construction of an organisation; above all he prevented searching elements from dealing in more depth with Marxism. He wanted to propose the perspective of "direct action". Instead of pushing forward the theoretical clarification of political positions, thus contributing to the construction of the organisation, he felt an urge for frenetic activism.
As soon as the congress was over the Socialist Party was forbidden by the police.
After a renewed resurgence of strikes in 1907 there was another reflux of the class struggle between 1909-1910. During this time police hunted revolutionaries like dogs. The mere carrying of red flags was already considered a crime. In 1910 the anarchist Kotoku Shusui was arrested and accused of having plotted to assassinate the emperor. Many left socialists were also arrested. In January 1911 Kotoku and eleven other socialists were sentenced to death and executed – under the pretext of wanting to assassinate the emperor. The socialist press was banned, meetings were prohibited, and socialist books, which could be found in bookshops and libraries, were burnt. In the face of this repression, a large number of revolutionaries went into exile or withdrew. The long period of the "Japanese winter" (fuyu) began.
Revolutionaries who had not gone into exile and intellectuals now used an editing house – Baibunsha – for publishing their texts in conditions of illegality. In order to escape censorship, the articles had to be written in an ambiguous way.
In Europe repression and the imposition of the anti-socialist laws were not able to stop the growth of Social Democracy (for example the German SPD or, still more severely repressed, the RSDLP in Russia and the SdKPIL in Poland & Lithuania). The workers' movement in Japan faced even more difficulties to grow under conditions of repression and to gain in strength and set up revolutionary organisations functioning with a party spirit, in other words of going beyond the practice of small circles where the role of individuals was preponderant, a practice whose weight had always dominated the movement in Japan.
Neither on a programmatic nor on an organisational level had the movement reached the step where a marxist wing could become significant. Despite the first contacts with the 2nd International closer links were still to be established. The movement in Japan was still dominated by the circle spirit and individual leaders continued to play a dominant role. Anarchism, pacifism and humanitarianism still had a big influence.
Despite these specificities, we can see that the working class in Japan had become "integrated" into the international working class, and, although lacking the long experience of class struggle accompanied by the major programmatic and organisational acquisitions of the revolutionary movement in Europe, it faced much the same questions and showed similar trends as the class elsewhere. In this sense the history of the working class in Japan has more parallels with the history of the class in the USA or other more peripheral countries, where a marxist wing had not been able to gain the upper hand and where anarcho-syndicalism still played a major role.[3]
The Working Class and World War I
Although Japan declared war on Germany at the end of 1914 in order to snatch the colonial assets from Germany (within a few months Japan conquered German colonial outposts in the Pacific Ocean and Tsingtao [China]), Japanese territory was never touched by the fighting.
Since the centre of the war lay in Europe, Japan only participated directly in the war in its early phase. After these early military successes against Germany it refrained from further military activities and in a certain sense played a "neutral role". Whereas in Europe the working class was more and more urgently confronted with the problem of the war, in Japan the class war provoked an economic boom. Japan had in fact become a major arms supplier, and had an enormous need for manpower. The number of factory workers doubled between 1914 and 1919. In 1914 some 850,000 employees worked in 17,000 companies, by 1919 1,820,000 employees worked in 44,000 companies. While male employees still counted for a weaker part of the total workforce, in 1919 they had risen to almost 50%. By the end of the war there were 450,000 miners. The Japanese bourgeoisie thus became one of the big beneficiaries of the war – it became a big war supplier and at the same time it was spared the mass mobilisations and the total militarisation that occurred in the European powers.
Because Japan found gigantic outlets in the armaments sector during World War I it could evolve from a still mainly agriculturally dominated society into an industrial society. The increase of production between 1914 and 1919 was 78%.
Because Japanese military involvement remained very limited,, the working class in Japan did not face the same situation as in Europe. Unlike the ruling class in Europe, the Japanese bourgeoisie did not find it necessary to undertake the mass mobilisation and militarisation of society. This made it possible for the trade unions in Japan to abstain from establishing a "holy alliance" with capital, as the unions did in the European countries, and so to avoid being unmasked as pillars of capital. Whereas the workers in Europe were confronted both with starvation and enormous imperialist massacres with a total loss of 20 million lives, years of trench warfare, and the loss of the flower of working class youth, the proletariat in Japan was saved from this choice between life and death. Thus the driving force of the struggle against war, which had pushed the working class in Europe, in Germany and Russia in particular, into struggle, and radicalised it, was missing. There was no fraternisation, as occurred between Russian and German soldiers or on the Western Front.
This contrast in the situation of different sectors of the world proletariat during World War I was an indication that, contrary to what revolutionaries thought at the time, the conditions of imperialist war were not the most favourable for the development and generalisation of the world revolution.
Revolutionaries in Europe, who put forward internationalist positions and perspectives shortly after the beginning of World War I and who met in Summer 1915 in Zimmerwald and later in Kienthal could refer to a revolutionary tradition of the period leading up to World War I (the position of Marxists in the 19th century, the statements of the 2nd International at the congresses of Stuttgart and Basle). However, socialists in Japan had to pay the price of their relative isolation in relation to this question, because their internationalist resistance could not base itself on a more profound, solidly anchored position in Marxism. As in 1904/05 most of the voices raised against the war were pacifist or humanist, and revolutionaries in Japan failed to take up the perspective propagated by the revolutionary vanguard in Zimmerwald – the 2nd International is dead, a new International must be formed, war can only be finished through turning the imperialist war into a civil war.
Nevertheless the tiny minority of revolutionaries in Japan did recognise the responsibility which lay on their shoulders. They raised their internationalist voice in illegal[4] newspapers, they continued to meet in secret,
and despite their limited forces, they did their best to spread internationalist positions. While Lenin and the activities of the Bolsheviks were hardly known, the internationalist position of the German Spartakists and the courageous fight of Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg received a lot of attention.[5]
Food Riots in August 1918
Although Japan had experienced a certain economic boom during and because of the war, the onset of the period of capitalist decadence in 1914 was fundamentally an economic phenomenon on a world scale that made itself felt in every country, including those that had been spared the military ravages of World War I. Japanese capital could not hold itself aloof from the permanent crisis of overproduction, brought about by the relative saturation of world markets. Likewise, the working class in Japan would have to face up to the same change in conditions and perspectives forced on the proletariat on a world scale.
Although wages had risen in all industrial sectors by 20-30%, due to a labour shortage, prices increased between 1914-1919 by 100%. Real wages fell altogether from a level of 100 in 1914 to 61 in 1918. These big price increases forced the working class into a series of defensive struggles.
Between 1917 and 1918 the price of rice doubled. In the summer of 1918 workers started to protest against the price increases. There are no reports about strikes in the factories and a generalisation of demands to other areas. Apparently thousands of workers took to the streets; however these demonstrations did not take on a more organised form, or formulate any specific aim or demand. Shops seem to have been plundered. In particular agricultural workers and the recently proletarianised workforce, as well as Burakumin (social "outcasts") seem to have played a very active role in the looting. Many houses and company offices were looted. There seems to have been no unification of economic and political demands. Unlike the development of the struggles in Europe there were no mass meetings and no workers' councils. After the repression of the movement some 8,000 workers were arrested. More than 100 people were killed. The government resigned for tactical reasons.
The working class had arisen spontaneously – but at the same time the political immaturity of the class became glaringly clear.
Although workers' struggles can erupt spontaneously, the movement can only develop its full strength if it can draw upon a political and organisational maturation. Without this more profound maturation a movement will quickly collapse. This was the case here; they collapsed as fast as they had arisen. There doesn't seem to have been any organised intervention by a political organisation.
Without the persevering activities of the Bolsheviks and Spartakists the movements in Russia and in Germany would have faltered very quickly. In Japan such an organised intervention was fatally missing.
But despite the different conditions of experience in Europe and in Japan, the working class was to make a big step forward.
The Echo of the Russian Revolution in Japan
When in February 1917 the working class in Russia put the revolutionary process into motion and took power in October, this first successful proletarian rising also found its echo in Japan. The Japanese bourgeoisie immediately understood the danger springing from the revolution in Russia. From April 1918 it was one of the first to participate in the most ruthless manner in the setting up of a counter revolutionary army. Japan was the last country to withdraw its troops from Siberia in November 1922.
While news about the Russian revolution spread very quickly from Russia to the west, and the revolutionary development in Russia had a great impact in particular in Germany and led to a destabilisation of the armies in Central Europe, the echo of the revolution was still very limited in Japan. Not only geographical factors contributed to this – several thousand kilometres separated Japan from the centre of the revolution and Petrograd and Moscow – but also the lower level of radicalisation in Japan due to the war. However, the working class in Japan was to take part in the international wave of revolutionary struggles that unfolded between 1917-23.
The Reaction of Revolutionaries
In the beginning, news about the Russian revolution only spread very slowly and patchily to Japan. Only in May and June 1917 were the first articles about the revolution published in the socialist press.
Sakai drafted a message of greetings under conditions of illegality, which was printed by Katayama in the USA in the migrant workers' newspaper Heimin (Commoners), in the IWW paper International Socialist Review and also in Russian papers. In Japan Takabatake was the first to give an account of the role of the Soviets in "Baibunsha", emphasising the decisive role of revolutionaries. However, the different roles that the parties played during the revolution in Russia was not yet known.
The level of ignorance about events in Russia and about the role of the Bolsheviks can be seen through the first statements of the best known revolutionaries. Thus Arahata wrote in February 1917: "None of us knew the names of Kerensky, Lenin and Trotsky". And in the summer of 1917 Sakai called Lenin an anarchist, and even in April 1920 he claimed that "Bolshevism is somewhat similar to syndicalism". Even the anarchist Osogui Sakae wrote in 1918 that "Bolshevik tactics were the tactics of anarchism"'.
Out of enthusiasm about the development in Russia Takabatake and Yakamawa drafted a Manifesto (ketsugibun) in May 1917 in Tokyo, which they sent to the RSDLP. However, due to the chaos in transport it never reached revolutionaries in Russia, and since there was hardly any direct contact between the milieu of revolutionaries in exile (most Japanese revolutionary elements living abroad such as Katayama lived in the USA) and the centre of the revolution, the manifesto was only published two years later at the founding congress of the Communist International in March 1919.
This message from Japanese Socialists declared:
"Since the very beginning of the Russian revolution we have followed your fearless activities with enthusiasm and deep admiration. Your work has had a great influence on our people's consciousness. Today, we are indignant that our government has sent troops into Siberia under whatever pretext. This undoubtedly serves as an impediment to the free development of your revolution. We deeply regret that we are too weak to counter the peril with which you are threatened by our imperialist government. We are quite unable to do anything because the government is persecuting us with severity. However, you may rest assured that the red flag of revolution will wave over all of Japan in the not too distant future.
Along with this letter, we are sending you a copy of the resolution approved at our May 1, 1917, rally.
With revolutionary greetings, the Executive Committee of the Socialist Groups in Tokyo and Yokohama"
The "Resolution of the Japanese Socialists" read as follows:
"We, the socialists of Japan, assembled in Tokyo May 1, 1917, express our deepest sympathy for the Russian revolution, which we follow with admiration.
We recognise that the Russian revolution is both a political revolution of the bourgeoisie against medieval absolutism and a revolution of the proletariat against modern-day capitalism.
Transforming the Russian revolution into a world revolution is not a matter for only the Russian socialists; it is the responsibility of socialists of the entire world.
The capitalist system has already reached its' highest stage of development in all countries, and we have entered the epoch of fully developed capitalist imperialism.
In order not to be deceived by the ideologists of imperialism, socialists of all countries must steadfastly defend the positions of the International, and all the forces of the international proletariat must be directed against our common enemy, international capitalism. Only thus will the proletariat be able to fulfil its' historic mission.
Socialists of Russia and of all other countries must do everything in their power to put an end to the war and assist the proletariat of the warring countries to turn their weapons, today aimed at brothers on the other side of the trenches, against the ruling classes of their own countries.
We have faith in the courage of the Russian socialists and of our comrades around the world. We are firmly convinced that the revolutionary spirit will spread and permeate all countries.
The Executive Committee of the Socialist Group in Tokyo" (Proceedings and Documents of the First Congress, March 1919, published in Premier Congrès de l'Internationale Communiste, p. 224).
"At the same time that the Russian revolution signifies, in one of its aspects, a political revolution by the rising commercial and industrial class against the politics of a medieval despotism, it is also, in another of its aspects, a social revolution by the class of common people (heimin) against capitalism.
Therefore on this occasion it is the responsibility of the Russian revolution - and, at the same time, of socialists in all countries - to resolutely insist on an immediate end to the war. The class of common people (Gemini) in all the warring countries must be rallied and its fighting strength redirected, so that it is aimed in each case at the ruling class in its own country. We have confidence in the brave struggle of the Russian Socialist Party and the comrades in all countries and look forward to the success of the socialist revolution" (resolution of 7/5/17, from Tokyo-Yokohama socialists).
The same socialists of Tokyo sent another telegram to Lenin, of which they sent a copy to the USPD and to the SPD in Germany.
"The moment, when in view of the social reorganisation of the world, our movement will be reconstituted and when together with the comrades of all countries we shall work together as best as we can, this moment probably is not so far from now. We hope that in this critical phase of truce and in view of all these important events we can take up contact with you. As far as the foundation of an International of Socialists, which is planned for the near future, is concerned, if we can we want to send a delegation and we are still in the process of making preparations to do so. Hoping that you recognise our organisation (Baibunsha) and hoping for your support and much advice (...) the representatives of socialists of Tokyo greet you".
This message shows the internationalist orientations, the efforts towards regroupment and the support for the foundation of a new International. However, it is hard to assess which precise preparations to set up an organisation were taken by Baibunsha at that moment.
While this message was intercepted by the secret police and it probably never reached the Bolsheviks, the SPD and USPD, however, kept it secret and never published it.
As these statements show the revolution acted as a powerful spark on revolutionaries. At the same time, the impact of the revolution on the working class as a whole was certainly weaker.
In contrast to many countries to the west of Russia (Finland, Austria, Hungary, Germany etc), where the mere reception of the news about the overthrow of the Tsar and the successful taking of power through the workers' councils had created such enthusiasm and such an overwhelming wave of solidarity, that the workers themselves intensified the struggles "in their own country", there was no direct reaction amongst the broad working masses in Japan. After the end of World War I militancy as a whole was on the increase – however, not explicitly because of the revolution ignited in Russia. The reason had more of an economic background: because the export boom sparked off by the big growth in exports during the war period had collapsed shortly after the end of the war. In 1920 a depression started. Workers' anger was aimed mainly at price increases and a wave of lay-offs. In 1919 there were some 2,400 "labour disputes" with 350,000 workers on strike; there was a decline of the movement in 1920, when 130,000 workers struck in about 1,000 separate disputes. The movement seems to have retreated from 1920 onwards.
Workers' struggles remained more or less contained within an economic terrain, and hardly any political demands were raised. This is why there were no workers' councils – unlike Europe or even the USA and Argentina, where the Russian revolution had inspired workers on the US West coast and in Buenos Aires to radicalise their movement
Between 1919 and 1920 some 150 unions were founded, all of which acted as an obstacle against the radicalisation of the workers. The unions were the spearhead and most pernicious weapon of the ruling class to counter-act the rising combativity. Thus in 1920 the Labour Union League, Rodo Kumiai Domei, a national Trades Union Federation, was founded. Until then the union movement was split into more than 100 single unions.
At the same time a large "democracy movement" was launched with the help of the bourgeoisie in 1919, putting forward the demand of general voting rights and electoral reform. As in other Western European countries parliamentarism served as a bulwark against revolutionary struggles. Japanese students were the main protagonists of this demand.
The debate on the new methods of struggle
Under the impact of the Russian revolution and the wave of international struggles, a process of reflection also set in amongst revolutionaries in Japan.
Inevitably this process of reflection was marked by contradictions. On the one hand the anarcho-syndicalists (or those who claimed to be so) claimed adherence to the positions of the Bolsheviks, since they were the only ones who had successfully completed a revolution and aimed at the destruction of the state. This current maintained that the politics of the Bolsheviks proved their rejection of a purely parliamentary orientation (a debate known as the Gikau-sei-saku versus Chokusetsu-kodo line).
In this debate in February 1918 Takabatake defended the idea that economic and political struggles were very complex. The struggle could involve both dimensions – direct action and the parliamentary struggle. Parliamentarism and syndicalism were not the only elements composing the socialist movement. He spoke up against the anarcho-syndicalist rejection of the "economic struggle" as well as the individualistic attitude of Osugi. While Takabatake in a very confused manner placed "direct action" and mass movement on the same level, his text was part of a general process of clarification of the means of struggle in this epoch.
Yamakawa stressed that the identification of a political movement with parliamentary politics was not valid. Moreover he stated, "I believe syndicalism has degenerated because of reasons which I do not understand sufficiently".
In view of the limited experience and the limited level of theoretical-programmatic clarification of these questions, it is important to recognise that there were voices in Japan who put into question the old methods of trades' union and parliamentary struggle and were searching for answers to the new situation. This demonstrates that the working class was also confronted with the same questions and that revolutionaries in Japan were also involved in the same process of trying to come to grips with the new situation.
At the founding congress of the German KPD the lessons of the new epoch in relation to the union and parliamentary question were beginning to be drawn albeit in a groping manner. The discussion of the conditions of struggle in the new epoch were of a world historical importance. Such questions could only be clarified if there was an organisation and a framework for discussions.
Without an organisation and still isolated internationally, clarification in the revolutionary milieu in Japan was to remain difficult. Therefore it is all the more important to be aware of these efforts during that phase to put into question the former methods of trades' union and parliamentary methods, without falling into the trap of anarchism.
Attempts at clarification and the construction of an organisation
The revolution in Russia, the new historical conditions of the decadence of capitalism, the unfolding of the international wave of struggles confronted revolutionaries in Japan with new challenges. It was obvious that clarification and the search for answers to these questions could only make headway if there was a Marxist pole of reference. The formation of such a pole came up against big obstacles, because its precondition was a clear cut delineation between an anarchist wing, hostile to political organisations, and a wing which affirmed the necessity of a revolutionary organisation but which, however, was still unable to tackle its construction in a determined manner.
Hampered by a tendency to still remain oriented towards and centred on Japan, marked by a predominance of a circle spirit and well-known personalities, who had only recently become more familiarised with marxism, and a weak determination to set up a fighting organisation, these elements were slow in facing up to the task of the hour.
Thus amongst the most famous leading personalities (Yamakawa, Arahata and Sakai) Yamakawa was still convinced in 1918 that he ought to write a "critique of Marxism". However, in the May edition of New Society, Sakai, Arahata and Yamakawa proclaimed their support for Bolshevism. In February 1920 they reported the foundation of the Comintern in their paper New Social Review (Shin Shakai Hyoron – which in September 1920 changed its name to Shakaishugi [Socialism]). At the same time these revolutionaries were still active in study circles such as the Friday Society (Shakai shugi kenkyu -Studies in Socialism) and Wednesday Society (Shakai mondai kenkyu -studies on social problems).
Their activities were less geared towards the construction of an organisation, than the publication of papers, which were mostly short-lived and which were not anchored in any organisational structure. Against the background of these confusions and hesitations on the organisation question amongst revolutionaries in Japan, the Comintern itself was going to play an important part in the attempts to set up an organisation.
1International Workers of the World. Unlike many anarcho-syndicalists, the IWW defended the idea of "one big union" regrouping the entire working class. As an organisation, it maintained an internationalist position during World War I.
2 Altogether 194 members were registered, amongst them 18 shop owners, 11 craftsmen, 8 farmers, 7 journalists, 7 office clerks, 5 doctors, 1 officer of the salvation army. Clearly, there were very few workers. Women were not allowed to join, since the prohibition for them to organise was still in force. Moreover, the majority of the members were below the age of 40.
In January 1907 the socialist daily Nikkan Heimin Shinbun (NHS) was founded, which managed to spread its' circulation beyond the region. The first circulation reached 30,000 copies. Unlike Hikari, which acted as a central organ, it was not considered to be the organ of the party. By April 1907 it had ceased publication.
While first attempts were made to present the history of the 2nd International in the "theoretical paper", with a circulation of some 2,000 copies, the paper itself quickly became a mouthpiece of anarchism.. Contrary to the major European industrial countries, where the weight of anarcho-syndicalism declined with the increase in industrialisation and the workers' organisation in the Social-Democracy, in Japan the influence of anarchism continued to increase, as it did in the United States.
3 It is worth remarking that much of the Japanese workers' movement's contacts with the rest of the world proletariat took place via the United States, both as a result of the travels of individual militants and the experience of Japanese immigration to the US west coast. Unlike the American workers however, the Japanese were unable to benefit from an influx of experience and theoretical development such as the European immigrants brought with them to the United States.
4. Arahata and Osugi published from October 1914 until March 1915 the monthly paper Heimin Shinbun, from October 1915 – January 1916 Kindai shiso – which were all internationalist voices.
5. In the paper Shinshakai a special page under the heading Bankoku jiji (International notes) was dedicated to the international situation. Even if the number of printed copies remained low, a lot of news about the betrayal of the SPD and the activities of internationalists were spread. The publication was printed with photos of Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht as the most prestigious representatives of internationalism in Germany. For example the articles had the following headings: Clara Zetkin arrested – The situation in the French Socialist Party one year after the assassination of J. Jaurès – Kautsky's and Liebknecht's attitude in the Reichstag in relation to August 4th 1914 on the war credits – The division of the SPD – The attitude of the war protagonist Scheidemann and the neutral Kautsky – Strikes and workers risings in Italy during the war – The liberation of Rosa Luxemburg from prison – On the situation of political prisoners in Russia – Explanations on the Zimmerwald Manifesto. – Liebknecht arrested – The 2nd International Conference of Socialist Parties in Kienthal and the opportunity for the Left to found a new International. – Social-democratic anti-war minority arrested because of spreading the 'Zimmerwald Manifesto – The situation at the Party Conference of the SPD – The threat of strikes by American railway workers).
Geographical:
History of the workers' movement:
1917 - Russian Revolution
Development of proletarian consciousness and organisation:
Second International
Third International
‹ Polemic: Is Defense of Marxism Paranoia? up The reality of "economic prosperity" laid bare by the crisis ›
Communist Internationalist - 2000s
ICConline - 1990s
Internasyonalismo - 2000s
International Review 1970s: 1-19
International Review 1980s : 20 - 59
2000 - 100 to 103
International Review no.112 - 1st quarter 2003
International Review no.113 - 2nd quarter 2003
International Review no.114 - 3rd quarter 2003
15th Congress of the ICC, Today the Stakes Are High--Strengthen the Organization to Confront Them
160 years on: Marx and the Jewish question
Class struggles in France, spring 2003: the massive attacks of capital demand a mass response from the working class
International situation: notes on the history of US imperialist policy since World War II, part ii
Polemic: Is Defense of Marxism Paranoia?
The reality of "economic prosperity" laid bare by the crisis
International Review no.115 - 4th quarter 2003
International Review 2020s : 164 - ...
Internationalism - 1990s
Manifesto on the October revolution, Russia 1917
Pamphlet: The Period of Transition
Pamphlet: Unions Against the Working Class
The Decadence of Capitalism
The Left Wing of the Turkish Communist Party
World Revolution 1970s
World Revolution 1990s - 168-230
World Revolution 2000s - 231 to 330
World Revolution 2020s - 385 to ...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Having the best download tool is always a dream for every user out there in need for the best user experience. With the increasing number of download applications, it is highly likely that finding the perfect tool would surely be time-consuming. However, this article has made it super-easy by giving you a guide on the most reliable, simple, and fastest Radio Javan downloader.
Radio Javan is a Washington, DC, United States based internet radio station which offers news, information as well as entertainment news in Iranian and Persian languages. This radio station is known to be the first internet radio to provide the Iranian language programming. Since its launch, the radio station has been the largest contributor Persian entertainment by offering the top awesome Persian and Iranian music online.
Radio Javan program allows users to get up-to-date music through the live radio feed and download them if you like in quality format like 1080p HD. By downloading your favorite music and videos, you would be able to watch or listen to them when offline without having to worry about bundles or Wi-Fi connection. You can create and store the music of your choice via the personal play list function. For those interested in listening to live music, the streaming function referred to as Persian Music would be quite essential. The free and stylish program is ideal for adults and teens who enjoy listening to the most up-to-date Iranian and Persian music and entertainment without a single penny.
iMusic is one of its kind best Radio Javan downloader app for users around the globe. The resourceful application is an all-in-one platform which users can solve virtually all their media related problems without the need for a secondary application. This is so because the tool has been equipped with variety of functional and crucial features meant to reduce the possible hurdles and enhance the user experience as much as possible. The tool is not only a downloader but also a converter, recorder tool and hence users can convert or record their favorite music or radio programs much easier than they thought. There are millions of users across the globe who have been and continue to keep unending faith with this perfect tinker tool. Don't spent much time out there curating through daunting lists of Javan Radio downloaders. Just choose iMusic downloader and you shall find all that you ever needed from an ideal downloader. Free of bias, iMusic is unmatchable and should definitely top your priority list.
iMusic features an in-built music library which makes it absolutely easy for users to stream and download their favorite music and programs.
In case you lost your iTunes Library or you recently acquired a new computer, this program will let you restore or transfer your iTunes Library to the new PC without difficulties.
Transfer files between different devices including the hot ones like iPhone, iPad, iPod, Samsung Galaxy, and Huawei via a suitable media for users to share them on social media platforms.
Access and download your favorite music from several online platforms like YouTube, Vimeo, and Twitter among others. In fact the program supports more than 3000 different video sharing websites.
Record music, radio programs, and ringtones among others from various online sources for offline use.
Powerful toolbox which essentially avails more solutions like recovery of iTunes Library, backup iTunes, as well as removal of DRM protection on your device among others.
On your computer, launch the iMusic application to open the primary interface and then navigate to open the "GET MUSIC" window.
Go to the "LIBRARY" menu, then the recording icon situated on the left side to locate the Javan Radio file you just recorded. You can then choose to transfer this file to your device via a suitable media say a USB for sharing with friends.
Launch the iMusic program and open the "GET MUSIC" window at the top of the primary interface. Navigate to the site you would like to fetch your video from. Query the respective video, copy its URL code and go back to iMusic downloader. Within the "GET MUSIC" window, identify and click the "Paste URL" button. The URL code you just copied from the video site would be pasted on the program. Choose the desired file format and hit the "Download" button start the download process.
Gheramophone is another popular Radio Javan hot program with DJ PS. The program is sponsored by Wispi and available exclusively on RJ! The program stares the likes of Hamid Hiraad, YarBehnam Bani, Ghorse GhamarPuzzle Band, HastiMajid Eslahi, HalaletArsalan, Faghat Beraghs, Khandeye Man, Dokhtare AhvaziHamid Hiraad , Ali Pishtaz & Arvin among others.
RJ Countdown is a popular Radio Javan program with the latest played on March 3, 2018. The program is available on Radio Javan for listening and download. The program stares the likes of Hamid Hiraad, YarHoorosh Band, Leili Bi EshghSahar, KhastamErfan, Mano Natarsoon, HastiFarzad Farzin,Lanati Arash , Dooset Daram (Ft Helena)Amirhossein Eftekhari, and Halalet.
TranceForm with Sasver is another amazing and interesting Javan Radio program worth listening and downloading. The program is exclusive on RJ and features Sasver Taste Of Love Remix by Saman Mehmani , First State Feat Sarah Howells , Brave remix by Andy Moor, and let It Be Forever remix by Armin van Buuren just to mention but a few.
Majoon should be a good Radio Javan program to listen and download. The with program by DJ Emzee is available on Radio Javan and features Donyaye In Roozaye Man,vash Ghomayshi, ParandehMohammad Alizadeh, Eshgham InroozaEhsan Khajehamiri, and NafasPascal Junior among others. Just listen and download this program to enjoy the best of Persian and Iranian music.
Dance Station with Hosein Aerial is exclusive on Radio Javan featuring Sina Shabankhani, Khaterate Khosh , Arash Feat Helena , Dooset Daram, DJ Mehmet Tekin as well as World Of DreamsBehzad . With this program, you would be sure to enjoy listening to Radio Javan.
Dubways is a good Radio Javan program with AFX and exclusive on RJ! It features Cureton, Confused, StoryDJ, Closer by Robert Cristian, and Tell Me Why among others.
RhythmOtism is another excellent Radio Javan program with DJ Cincinati starring Sina Shabankhani, AmdanMasih, To Ke Nisti PishamMasoud Saberi ,Tame JonoonAlireza Talischi - Ay Dele KhodamShahab Mozaffari, Nimeye JanamPuzzle Band , and Delaaram just to mention but a few.
Valentine Mix is yet another amazing hit featuring the 2018 Valentine's mix. The hot mix is done by the likes of DJ RaMiN, Sirvan Khosravi, Tajob NakonFarzad Farzin , AsheghanehBabak Jahanbakhsh , and Manzoomeye EhsasArash among others.
Databass Episode 52 is another super Radio Javan program with lots of viewers. The program is presented by Sina and exclusively available on Radio Javan featuring Space Electronic Joy, Databass IntroPandhora & Nacim Gastli, Sinai, and The Soul among others.
Mar Mari is another popular Radio Javan program with DJ Amin starring IntroSirvan Khosravi, BargardAmir Yeganeh , Bazam ShekastShadmehr Aghili , and MaroofMehran Abbasi just to mention but a few.
Apple Music Radio Not Working on Mac or iPhone? Solved!


text:
The war on financing terrorism:
Union of Good table lists the names of suicide bombers
Hamas's main sources of funds
Transferring money to finance terrorism
A seized document signed by Rashid Abu Shubaq
Sheikh Dr. Yussuf al-Qardawi
A fatwa issued by Dr. Yussuf al-Qardawi
An Internet posting from the Gaza Strip
Pictures from summer camps run by Hamas-affiliated societies
An Al-Qaeda poster
Full document in PDF format
Part of a document seized by the IDF in Operation Defensive Shield (2002): the Union of Good table lists the names of suicide bombers who carried out mass-casualty attacks against the Israeli population. The document was used for arranging payments to the terrorists' families through the Hamas-affiliated Islamic "charitable society" Al-Tadhamun in Nablus..
1. Israel Defense Minister Ehud Barak recently signed an order declaring 36 global Islamic funds and foundations as illegal associations. These belong to an umbrella organization called the Union of Good (See the Appendix for a list of the Islamic funds and foundations and the text of the order.). They were outlawed as belonging to Hamas's fund-raising system, which supports the extensive activities of its civilian infrastructure (the da'wah ) in Judea, Samaria and the Gaza Strip. The funds transfer tens of millions of dollars a year to Hamas institutions in the PA-administered territories. Based on an Israel Security Agency report, in 2007 approximately $120,000,000 was transferred to Judea, Samaria and the Gaza Strip to finance terrorist organization activity, about 30% of which was earmarked for financing Hamas's da'wah . 1
2. Outlawing the foundations was the most comprehensive and extensive action ever taken by Israel against the global network supporting Hamas. The order is the latest in a series outlawing the Union of Good and Islamic funds and foundations belonging to it and institutions affiliated with Hamas. Some of the institutions included in previous orders were the British Interpal, the European branches of the Al-Aqsa, the American Holy Land Foundation, the Saudi Arabian World Assembly of Muslim Youth, and others in France , Holland , Italy , Denmark and Sweden . According to the ISA report, "without a doubt the comprehensiveness of order is significant, and will it obligate the banking and financial systems in Israel and abroad to coordinate their actions and take extreme care to avoid prosecution in criminal and civil suits filed by victims of terrorism…" 2
The Union of Good
3. The Union of Good was established in October 2000 as an umbrella organization for more than 50 Islamic funds and foundations around the world. It was established ad hoc as a global financing operation to support the Palestinians in the PA-administered territories. Its activity began a short time after the second Palestinian terrorist campaign ("the Al-Aqsa intifada") began as an operation limited to 101 days. The campaign's success led to the founding of the Union of Good, which continues operating to this day, using a wide variety of means to transfer funds which for the most part reach Hamas institutions in the PA-administered territories. Its support of Hamas led it to being outlawed by the Israeli Defense Minister in 2002. Documents seized by the IDF clearly show that the PA also regards the Union of Good as supporting Hamas. 3
Hamas's main sources of funds 4
Transferring money to finance terrorism in the PA-administered territories 5
4. The Hamas leadership was involved in the Union of Good's establishment . The Union is a global mixture of designated Hamas and radical Islamic funds and foundations. The large amounts of money it transfers to the PA-administered territories reach, for the most part, Hamas's civilian infrastructure (the da'wah ). In that way the Union of Good aids Hamas in its efforts to strengthen its foothold and popularity in Palestinian society and, after its takeover of the Gaza Strip in June 2007, to develop itself as a political alternative to the Palestinian Authority in Judea and Samaria . In addition, the money sent to the civilian infrastructure is used to support terrorism, including suicide bombing terrorism, as can easily be seen from the documents seized by the IDF. It has recently become clear that Union of Good funds and foundations also raise money for the activities of the Hamas administration in the Gaza Strip.
A seized document (with additional documents appended 6) signed by Rashid Abu Shubaq, who was head of Palestinian Preventive Security in the Gaza Strip. The memorandum deals with the Union of Good, calling it one of Hamas's largest donors.
5. The chairman of the board of the Union of Good is Sheikh Dr. Yussuf al-Qardawi , one of the most important Muslim clerics of our time. Egyptian by birth, he was forced to leave in the 1970s and now lives in Qatar . His extremist opinions regarding Israel are well-known, and for Hamas is a supreme religious authority even though he is not Palestinian. In the past he issued Islamic religious edicts ( fatwas) calling for jihad against Israel and the Jews and sanctioning suicide bombing attacks . In March 2002, shortly after women began carrying out suicide bombing attacks, he was the first to issue a fatwa allowing such actions. 7 As a senior Islamic authority and head of the Union of Good, he has provided religious Islamic justification for transferring funds meant for charity to terrorist organizations such as Hamas, as an expression of "financial jihad."
Sheikh Dr. Yussuf al-Qardawi, chairman of the Union of Good's board of trustees.
A fatwa issued by Dr. Yussuf al-Qardawi relating to the participation of women in suicide bombing attacks (Palestine-info website, November 18, 2004).
6. A prominent member of the board of trustees is Essam Yussuf , the secretary general, who is also a dominant figure in Interpal, Hamas's designated fund in Britain , which was outlawed by Israel in May 1997 and declared a terrorist organization in January 1998. 8 Another prominent figure is the Union of Good's second-in-command, Field Marshal 'Abd al-Rahman Siwar al-Dhahab , former Sudanese president, who heads an Islamic organization dealing with the da'wah in Africa . Other members of the board of trustees are prominent Islamic activists, among them Sheikh Hamid al-Bitawi , a Hamas activist in Nablus and chairman of Al-Tadhamun ("solidarity") "charitable society" (outlawed by Israel in 2002 for its ties to Hamas); Shiekh Ra'ed Salah , head of the northern faction of the Islamic movement in Israel; and Sheikh Ikrimah Sabri , the Mufti of Jerusalem, a radical who preaches jihad and suicide bombing attacks.
Hamas's civilian infrastructure: the da'wah
7. In Judea, Samaria and the Gaza Strip Hamas maintains an extensive network of civilian institutions called the da'wah . It includes dozens of "charitable societies," educational, financial and other institutions, mosques, women's and workers' unions, and sports groups. The da'wah is Hamas's main source of power and what makes it different from other terrorist and Islamic organizations in Judea, Samaria and the Gaza Strip. Hamas's da'wah institutions were outlawed by Israel for being an integral part of Hamas and for supporting terrorism.
8. The da'wah has two main functions:
i) It provides the population with educational, religious, welfare, health and other services, exploiting the weakness and helplessness of the PA, which should be providing them. In that way Hamas gains popular support, reinforces is ability to stand firm in a violent confrontation with Israel and establishes a political power base which weakens the PA. That enables Hamas to establish itself as a potential future alternative to the PA in Judea and Samaria as well.
ii) Supporting terrorism is reflected in the following ways :
1) The da'wah uses " education," preaching, inciting the populace to terrorism and violence and spreads radical Islamic propaganda within the battle for hearts and minds. Hamas achieves that through its independent education system, by infiltrating Hamas teachers into the PA's educational system, acquiring influence over mosques throughout the PA-administered territories, issuing printed material and using various methods to brainwash Palestinian society with its ideology. Hamas's propaganda activities, permitted or tolerated by the PA, have raised an entire generation whose only knowledge of Islam is Hamas's militant-radical variety, which preaches the destruction of the State of Israel through armed confrontation. Those Palestinian youngsters will take their place in the ranks of Hamas, either as political-social activists or as terrorist operatives.
2) The da'wah supports Hamas's terrorist operatives (wanted terrorists, prisoners, and the wounded) and the families of "shaheeds," including suicide bombing terrorists. That is done directly, with cash payments, or indirectly, through health, welfare, religious and educational services, etc..
The Union of Good support for summer camps in the Gaza Strip
An Internet posting from the Gaza Strip dated July 6 about the Union of Good's sponsorship of more than 100 summer camps in the Gaza Strip, whose motto is "Standing firm despite the blockade" (the Union of Good's website, July 8, 2008). Most of the camps are organized by Hamas's civilian infrastructure (the da'wah) , and brainwash young children with Hamas radical Islamic ideology which includes the support for terrorism and hatred for the Jewish people and Israel. In the past such camps were exploited as semi-military training camps for adolescents.
Pictures from summer camp, summer 2008
Pictures from summer camps run by Hamas-affiliated societies. Left: Camp run by the Dar al-Qur'an society where segregated groups of young men and women memorize the Qur'an. Center: Hamas administration prime minister Ismail Haniya visiting a summer camp in Khan Yunis. Right: The group named after "shaheed" Ismail Abu Shanab, one of the Hamas leaders in the Gaza Strip, who died in a targeted killing in August 2003. The group belongs to a summer camp run by Hamas's Islamic Association. 9
3) The da'wah supports Hamas's routine activities in the PA-administered territories by providing funds for political activity, its media, "information" and propaganda networks in the PA-administered territories and beyond, and by providing financial services. Sometimes, in our assessment, the da'wah funds are also trickle into its military-terrorist networks .
4) The da'wah supports Hamas activists in the PA-administered territories, including those connected to its operative networks, by creating employment for them (and sometimes for their families) in the many "charitable societies" and institutions which form its civilian infrastructure. Thus Hamas has legal camouflage for its activities (including in its dealings with the PA, to which according to law its civilian institutions are subordinate, including the "charitable societies" and mosques).
The "education" provided by the Hamas-affiliated kindergartens run
by the Islamic Association
Left : A child dressed as Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah giving a speech. Right : Carrying toy guns and burning the Israeli flag. The pictures are from an end-of-the-year party held in 2001 at a kindergarten belonging to Hamas's Islamic Union in the Gaza Strip and posted on the Internet. This year the Islamic Association is operating summer camps for adolescents, sponsored by the Union of Good.
PA actions taken against Hamas's civilian infrastructure
9. The PA is well aware of the extent and significance of Hamas's civilian infrastructure and that it has gained strength at the PA's expense, creating a Hamas entity developing into a radical Islamic alternative to the PA itself. It is also aware that some of Hamas's institutions (the mosques, universities and student organizations) serve Hamas (and other terrorist organizations) as recruiting grounds for terrorist operatives, including suicide bombers. For that reason, the PA, before and during the violent confrontation, kept close intelligence tabs on the activities of a significant portion of such institutions, even though generally no systematic action was taken against them.
10. The PA has contented itself with three short-lived attempts to deal with Hamas's civilian infrastructure, one in 1996, one between December 2001 and April 2002, and one in August 2003. During those peak times the PA carried out low-key activities against Hamas but fearing a direct confrontation, did not take determined, effective action over a long period of time and its efforts petered out after a promising beginning .
11. After the Hamas takeover of the Gaza Strip (June 2007) and the heightened tension between Abu Mazen's administration and the Hamas administration, the PA increased its efforts to weaken Hamas's civilian influence (especially in the Nablus and Jenin districts) to prevent a repetition of the Gaza scenario in Judea and Samaria . One sign of those efforts were the Salam Fayyad government's intensive actions taken during the second half of 2007 against the "charitable societies" and other Hamas da'wah institutions.
12. The PA disbanded the "charitable societies," fired the Hamas activists heading them, replaced workers, inspected the transfer and use of funds, replaced preachers in the mosques and confiscated incitement material. The Salam Fayyad government also passed an anti-money laundering law and decided to disband 92 "charitable societies" operating in Judea and Samaria , uniting them with 11 societies supervised by the PA's Ministry of Religious Endowments. Hamas has often strongly objected to the measures. Their success will depend on the willingness and capability of the PA to persist in applying them.
The Defense Minister's declaration of 36 funds and foundations belonging to the Union of Good as illegal association (in accordance with the 1945 defense (emergency) regulations). 10
1. In accordance with regulation 84 (1) (B) of the 1945 defense (emergency) regulations [hereafter regulations ] and having been convinced of its necessity to protect state security and public welfare and order, I hereby declare: The groups of individuals or organizations and associations listed below, members of the Union of Good, are illegal associations as part of Hamas, and regardless of the names they use, they are illegal associations by virtue of the regulations.
2. The following organizations were outlawed:
List of banned organizations
1 . The Saudi Committee for the Relief of Palestinian People (Formerly the Saudi Foundation for Support of the Al-Aqsa Intifada)
اللجنة السعودية لإغاثة الشعب الفلسطيني
2. International Islamic Relief Organization (IIRO)
هيئة الإغاثة الإسلامية العالمية
3. Patients Helping Fund – The Administration Al-Qadisiyah the Medical Committee ( Kuwait )
صندوق إعانة المرضى بالكويت
4. Makkah Charity Institution ( Saudi Arabia )
مؤسسة مكة المكرمة الخيرية
5. Mercy International ( Kuwait )
الرحمة العالمية بالكويت
6. Zakat House ( Kuwait )
بيت الزكاة بالكويت
7. The Charitable Palestine Committee ( Kuwait )
لجنة فلسطين الخيرية بالكويت
8. Mohammed Bin Rashid Charity and Humanitarian Establishment ( Dubai )
مؤسسة الشيخ محمد بن راشد آل مكتوم- دبي
9. Fujairah Charity Association (UAE)
الجمعية الخيرية – الفجيرة
10. The Sharga House of Charity (UAE)
بيت الشارقة الخيري – الشارقة
11. UAE Red Crescent Society (UAE)
هيئة الهلال الأحمر الإماراتي
12. Al Islamic Society- The Charity Act ( Bahrain )
جمعية الإصلاح – لجنة الأعمال الخيرية بالبحرين
13. The Islamic Society ( Bahrain )
الجمعية الإسلامية البحرين
14. Sheikh Eid Bin Muhammad Al-Thani Charity Association ( Doha , Qatar )
مؤسسة الشيخ عيد آل ثاني بقطر
15. The Charitable Qatar Society (including branches in the PA-administered territories)
جمعية قطر الخيرية
16. Palestine Qatar Committee for Relief in Palestine ( Doha , Qatar )
اللجنة القطرية المشتركة للإغاثة – فلسطين
17. The Islamic Charitable Society to Help Al-Aqsa ( Yemen )
الجمعية الخيرية الإسلامية لنصرة الأقصى اليمن
18. The Ansar Charitable Society in Sudan
جمعية أنصار الخيرية بالسودان
19. The Islamic Dawah Association Sudan
منظمة الدعوة الإسلامية السودان
20. Guidance And Reform Society ( Algeria )
التوحيد والإصلاح الجزائر
21. The Movement for Unity and Reform ( Morocco )
حركة التوحيد والإصلاح, شارع المقاومة الرباط- المغرب
22. The Charitable Committee of Islamic Help to the Palestinian People ( Amman , Jordan )
لجنة زكاة المناصرة الإسلامية للشعب الفلسطيني عمان
23. The Union of Good Lebanon (includes US charitable organization)
ائتلاف الخير في لبنان- صندوق الزكاة في لبنان- دار الفتوى
24. The International Islamic Council for Dawah and Relief ( Cairo , Egypt )
المجلس الإسلامي العالمي للدعوة والإغاثة بمصر
25. The Humanitarian Relief Committee Doctors Syndicate ( Cairo , Egypt )
لجنة الإغاثة الإنسانية – نقابة الأطباء بمصر
26. The Reform Society ( Yemen )
الجمعية الإصلاح الاجتماعي الخيرية اليمن
27. Human Appeal International (UAE, Britain , Australia )
هيئة الأعمال الخيرية
28. Humanitarian Relief Foundation ( Britain )
مؤسسة الإغاثة الإنسانية لندن
29. Muslim Hands ( Britain )
مسلم هاندس لندن
30. Muslim Aid / Educational Aid for Palestinians ( Britain )
العون الإسلامي, العون التعليمي للفلسطينيين, لندن
31. Sanabil Al-Aqsa Charitable Foundation ( Sweden )
مؤسسة سنابل الأقصى الخيرية السويد
32. Foundation of Innocents / Innocents ( Norway )
أبرياء النرويج
33. Association de Secours Palestinien – ASP Relief For Palestine Society / ASP / SHS / VUP ( Switzerland )
جمعية الإغاثة لفلسطين سويسرا
34. Palestine Association – PVOE/PHV ( Austria )
رابطة فلسطين النمسا
35. Al-Aqsa Foundation of South Africa / Al-Aqsa International Foundation
مؤسسة الأقصى – جنوب افريقيا
36. Insan Haklary Ve Hurriyetleri Vakfi (IHH) / International Humanitarian Relief Organisation / Internationale Humanitere Hilfs Organisation ( Turkey )
Anyone holding property belonging to the aforementioned illegal organizations is required to inform the Defense Minister through Arnon Ikan, Senior Deputy to the Comptroller General of the Finance Ministry, tel. 02-5317506 or 02-5317434.Anyone considering himself harmed by this notice can lodge an objection in writing to the Defense Ministry's legal counsel within 14 days of receipt.
Ehud Barak,
Defense Minister,
1 Data taken from an ISA report about the order to outlaw 36 Islamic funds belonging to the Union of Good (henceforth "the ISA report").
2 Ibid .
3 Photostats of the documents can be found in the various appendices of the February 2005 ITIC Bulletin entitled "The Union of Good: an umbrella organization comprised of more than 50 Islamic charitable funds and foundations worldwide" at http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/malam_multimedia/html/final/eng/sib/2_05/funds.htm#contents . The appendices are at http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/malam_multimedia/html/final/eng/sib/2_05/funds_a.htm .
4 From the ISA report
6 For pictures of the documents see our Bulletin about the Union of Good, Appendix I.
7 For further information see Appendices F and G in our Bulletin about the Union of Good at http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/malam_multimedia/html/final/eng/sib/2_05/funds_f.htm
http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/malam_multimedia/html/final/eng/sib/2_05/funds_g.htm
8 For further information see our December 2004 Bulletin entitled about Interpal at http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/malam_multimedia//ENGLISH/MARKETING%20TERRORISM/PDF/DEC12A_04.PDF . (Interpal is included in American Executive Order 13224, August 2003, which ordered the freezing of the assets of individuals and bodies linked to terrorist organizations.)
9 The Islamic Association (Al-Jamiyyah al-Islamiyyah) is an important Hamas institution in the Gaza Strip. It is headed by Sheikh Dr. Ahmad Bahr , a top Hamas activist in Gaza . Its activity includes indoctrinating young people and it runs a large kindergarten network (for the quality of the education the children receive, see below.) In early 2002 the PA closed the Association's offices but it continues operating, its activities financed by donations from Islamic funds abroad.
10 Free translation of the original Hebrew document.
Palestinian Terrorism Against Israel, 2022: Methods, Trends and Description
Spotlight on Terrorism and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (January 18-24, 2023)
The military-terrorist wings of Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad published books by terrorist activists imprisoned in Israel
ISIS in Afghanistan refers to the formation of a new government in Israel, noting that "Palestine" will be liberated through jihad


text:
'Ready Player One' to be brought to life in military academy: SK Telecom
By Yeo Jun-suk
Published : Apr 15, 2019 - 16:27
Updated : Apr 15, 2019 - 18:10
South Korea's biggest mobile carrier SK Telecom said Monday it is working to establish a 5G-powered infrastructure in the country's Army academy to deliver futuristic technologies to the military.
The telecom firm and the military school signed a memorandum of understanding at the Korea Military Academy in Seoul to build a "smart military campus" within the first half of this year.
The two sides said the agreement will pave the way for incorporating 5G-based technology in combat training for young cadets -- ranging from basic shooting to tactical military planning.
"The best way to understand (the changes) is to think of it as a military version of 'Ready Player One,'" SKT said in a press release, comparing its efforts to use virtual reality technology for shooting drills to futuristic scenes in Steven Spielberg's 2018 sci-fi film.
Army soldiers wearing augmented reality goggles monitor combat terrain in a hypothetical military campaign scenario. SKT
Once VR-based shooting drills are introduced, SKT said cadets will be able to experience almost any combat drill with physical firearms and a virtual screen. The simulated training will reflect realistic combat environments, such as engaging with moving targets in the night.
The military school is also expected to provide advanced training on war games using technology for augmented reality, SKT said. The AR-based training helps cadets make informed decisions at command and control.
The Army has been accelerating its efforts to employ advanced technologies in a future battlefield. Last year, it launched a hybrid unit of drones and robots for surveillance operations and actual combats.
"The 5G technology can play a role in increasing the number of soldiers participating in the exercise for future battles," said an Army official, who asked to be anonymous. "We are hoping that the technology will get us closer to achieving the goal."
Due to the hyperspeed and low-latency 5G network, the military academy can expand the scope of simulated military training, SKT said. Up to 200 cadets can go through the virtual drills simultaneously.
The advanced network will also transform cadets' daily lives at gyms and classrooms. SKT said each cadet will be provided with a wearable digital device for physical monitoring and academic purposes.
(jasonyeo@heraldcorp.com)


text:
"Tree of Life Heritage Foundation strives to repair this broken world. We preserve precious landmarks, educate globally, rescue historical treasures from oblivion, provide life saving horse therapy for disabled veterans, and tell the story of good people from generation to generation." (Rabbi Ben-Zion Saydman)
As a charitable foundation dedicated to promoting Jewish Heritage, we pledge:
To educate Jewish people about their historic roots and create timeless links through classes, seminars and projects.
To make Jewish history accessible and relevant by creating and publishing engaging Jewish history books and textbooks.
To research, translate and publish historical documents of the Jewish people.
To remember those who are nearly forgotten by creating, repairing and maintaining Holocaust memorials at significant sites throughout the world.
To educate European school children about the Jewish communities that existed in their towns prior to the Holocaust.
To sponsor essay contests in European schools to forge links and safeguard Jewish sites.
To protect and transmit Jewish history by repairing and renovating historic Jewish landmarks and cemeteries in the United States and abroad.
Creation of the Website http://www.shtetlinks.jewishgen.org/rumsiskes
Hundreds of photographs and documents illustrating the richness of Jewish life that was Rumshishok (Rumsiskes), Lithuania lay unseen and covered in dust. The Foundation formed a core group of global volunteers to collect, edit, and translate the data. These priceless relics, all that is left of Rumshishok, were organized into a website which serves to educate contemporary Jews and memorialize a vanished community.
Organization of Historic Gathering and Fundraiser to Benefit the Oldest Ashkenazi Synagogue in the United States
Congregation Beth Hamedrash Hagodol, on New York's Lower East Side, is the first American synagogue established by immigrants from the Russian Empire. The Foundation sponsored a two day event that drew participants from 26 of the Unites States and 4 foreign countries.Partnering with local Jewish and civic groups,
the Foundation offered educational and religious programs to raise awareness and aid in the renovation of the damaged synagogue.
Formation of Descendants of Anshei Rumshishok (DAR)
The Foundation located and recruited living descendants of the Jews of Rumshishok and formed an association of landsmen. This association supports charitable
causes and sponsors research which has led to the reunification of families separated by time and conflict.
Acquisition and Publication of Historic Lithuanian Jewish Records
Working with the Lithuanian State Archives, the Belarus State Archives and several Israeli archives, the Foundation has purchased, translated and published scores
of historic Jewish records that document the Jewish life that existed in Lithuania for 1000 years and ended with the Holocaust.
Translation and Publication of Jews of the Kaišiadorys Region of Lithuania
For more than three and a half centuries Jews flourished in the Kaišiadorys region of Lithuania—the area between Lithuania's two largest cities, Kaunas and
Vilnius. It all came to an abrupt end during the Holocaust when the German SS Einsatzgruppen killing squads and their Lithuanian collaborators murdered most
of the Jewish population and plundered their belongings. This book, originally written in Lithuanian, tells the history of the Jews of the region from its earliest days,
but with particular emphasis on the early 20th century and Holocaust periods. More than 200 pictures show the life and Jewish people of the region as it existed
before the Holocaust. Jews of the Kaišiadorys Region of Lithuania is both a scholarly work and a memorial. To purchase the book, follow this link: http://www.avotaynu.com/books/Kaisiadorys.htm
Creation of a Book on the History of the Jews of Orange County, CA
This project is in partnership with the Orange County Jewish Historical Society and will include the publication of a textbook for use by Orange County Jewish Day schools and Hebrew schools.
Translation and Publication of Der Rav Hakollel un Zayn T'kufa
In its entire history, the city of New York can boast of only one Chief Rabbi. He was Harav Hagaon Ya'akov Yosef, ztz"l. Due to the efforts of the Foundation, the two volume Yiddish work about this great leader and his epoch will be made available to the English speaking population.
Heritage Trip to Lithuania
Scheduled for Summer 2021. See below.
Restoration of Jewish Historical Landmarks
Ongoing renovation project earmarked for historic Jewish institutions and cemeteries in need of repair.
POWERFUL. INSPIRING. LIFE-CHANGING
Come with us on a Jewish Heritage Tour to Lithuania, Belarus and Prague.
Visit important Pre-War centers of Jewish life and the monuments to its destruction. Walk back in time and visit the shtetl of your ancestors. Pray in their synagogues. Read Psalms at their graves. Experience their old marketplaces. Walk in the forests near their homes. Imagine...
A traditional Jewish Heritage Tour. All are welcome. Kosher. Choice of Sabbath observant programming / free time. Lectures. Visit Jewish and other historical sites.
This is not just a trip. It is a pilgrimage.
Add-on to Israel.
email tolfound@gmail.com to reserve a spot for the most incredible trip of your life.
Accolades
https://greatnonprofits.org/users/profile/464447


 With proper permission, we will add the names of living veterans to this list when requested. This list contains any living American veteran who served honorably from Silver Spring Township, Central Pennsylvania or elsewhere in the country. Our memorial and this website are meant to honor the service of all veterans, and this list reflects that. Here we list the veterans' names to honor their service, but only show their branches of service to preserve privacy.
This list contains any LIVING American veteran who served honorably from Silver Spring Township, Central Pennsylvania or elsewhere in the country. Our memorial and this website are meant to honor the service of all veterans and this list reflects that.
Here we list the veterans' names to honor their service, but only show their branches of service to preserve privacy.
Mobile devices ( i.e. iPhones, iPads) and researchers click here for downloadable Living Veteran Roster.


The Derry reserve football championship final between Slaughtneil and Ballinderry Shamrocks turns violent.
Last night's Derry reserve football championship quarter-final between Slaughtneil and Ballinderry Shamrocks was marred by violent scenes.
Footage emerged after the game, which saw Ballinderry record a 2-15 to 1-13 extra-time victory, of a mass brawl involving players from both sides. The situation was escalated by an exchange of verbals between players and management with supporters on the sideline.
The incident came just 24 hours after Slaughtneil were dethroned as Derry senior football champions by Coleraine and less than a fortnight after referee Damien Harkin and one of his umpires were allegedly assaulted at the end of the county SFC quarter-final between Greenlough and Ballinascreen in Dungiven.