vlan 100 instead, it would be dropped by the 3rd flow.
-	 * Supported attributes: no groups, some priorities and ingress only.
-	 * Don't care about transfer as it is the caller's problem.
+	 * Supported attributes: groups, some priorities and ingress only.
+	 * transfer as it is the caller's problem.
+					  "group ID larger than "
+					  "lowest priority level is "
*   Maximum size of memory for items.
*   otherwise NULL and rte_ernno is set.


Now, meet his better half.
Stacia Kelly is very much like Nick, and you've already met her if you're a listener to The Shared Desk. She is a bodybuilder, a health advocate and consultant, and a talented writer. Tonight, Stacia bring to you all her take on world building and setting the stage for your characters.
Thank you, Tee, for letting me come share my love of world building with your readers. I write Urban Fantasy with my husband, Nick Kelly, and Paranormal Romance with the voices in my head. It can get a little crowded unless I get the words on the page.
It's very rare I set my characters in a familiar environment; instead, I take delight in creating my own realms. I think that's what really drew me to sci-fi/fantasy when I was a kid. You can lose yourself in the creation of a world all your own. I get to create the mountains, the valleys, oceans, and everything in between. Of course it took me years to understand that I had to include the laws of physics for my realms. Yes, I can include two moons I just have to make sure the explanation is accurate or plausible for the reader. And, as we learned during a brainstorming session with my 10-year-old son on his screenplay if we're going to explode the Sun we can't go to Jupiter as a new home, physics requires we jump solar systems.
Traditionally, I start out with creating a hand-drawn map. I tried using Bryce, I believe it's 3-D, but the learning curve on the software was just too drastic for me. Plus, it was proving a great way for me to procrastinate instead of working on my writing. Instead, I have great fun drawing out the maps (now on the iPad rather than pen and paper), adding in the topography, and then the naming of things. I take just about as long naming planets, continents, and cities as I do in naming characters. Each of them has to have meaning, depth and layers to unravel. I would probably have a lot of fun if the local city planners let me name some of the streets around here. I'd come up with something far more creative than just "Dirt Road" as I've seen on a number of roads in Virginia. I think Steampunk Alley would make a great street name.
Once I have the map drawn, I scan it in the computer (or send it from the iPad to the desktop now) so I can colorize it with Photoshop and then add it into my Scrivener file for each individual storyline. I stranded Phyxe, Goddess of Fire, on a fire planet named Firon. (Think Dune, lots of sand and caverns.) She wasn't very pleased to find the overall planet's energy source sleeping—the best term I could think of to describe it. Gaian ends up on an earth-based planet, while Glacial hides herself on a planet going through a natural Ice Age. Wystin has been the hardest of all, as she decided to land an alternate universe in the steam punk realm. (Much to the delight of my steam punk friends like Tee & Pip.) Her little foray has had my world-building skills off in all new directions with reversed star patterns and more. I never use all the cities and towns I have layered in, but it's nice to know they're there in case I need them. And, sometimes, it makes for a great Twitter game to have readers send me names too. I think that's how I named the alien race in the last book.
I'll be taking a break from world building though with the new Urban Samurai series. While this one is set in the future, we're keeping it real to the Washington DC area, which is giving us some great day trips to check things out in our own stomping grounds. Which do you prefer reading? New realms or ones you know?
Stacia D. Kelly, Ph.D., is the author of the fiction works, Phyxe: Goddess of Fire, Ichi, and the upcoming Gaian. Her non-fiction work includes Reduce You, Muse, and Nine Months In, Nine Months Out. Read more at www.staciakelly.com.
I love writing just a bit into the future. As a total technology geek, I can see where we're going with trends among communication, biotech, security, and hacking. I like to take what we've seen and project it into the future. That can go to a happy place or to a really, really bad place. I like writing both.
Stacia handled almost all the world building in the Urban Samurai series. My character in the book is only one layer of the onion. She built everything else. I love it.
Stacia, this is fascinating! I loved hearing about how you create worlds. I'm wondering if you ever see something you really like in this world and re-invent it for one of your others?
I do sometimes…I've got a whole folder and Pinterest board dedicated to amazing places in our realm. I love using them as springboards for new places!


Seeing Past the Labels | Encounter. Encourage. Engage.
We are more complex than the labels we depend on to try to quantify our qualities. We call ourselves things and we call other people things in an effort to package and control the human variable. Most of the time, we look at the obvious and immediate at the expense of the hidden and eternal.
When I was practicing criminal defense law, I would not have been an effective advocate if I had decided to label each client with the crime they were accused of. Even if the labels were attached following a conviction or confession, I would be missing the opportunity to see the person and agree with their design. They weren't designed to be a criminal; their intention was hijacked somewhere along the way.
Seeing the person afforded the opportunity to speak about the person in agreement with who they are; not based on what they had done. That was true of the accused and it is true of the less obvious accusations more common to day-to-day life. There are people every day who, on the surface, are "wrong" in various forms. Yet, even if accurate assessments of justice, grace calls us to look beyond the flaws and into the design.
There is a character in Scripture that we have labeled as "doubting Thomas." When Jesus was resurrected, Thomas says he won't believe the resurrection of Jesus unless he is able to touch the wounds of the resurrected body of Jesus. So Jesus presents Himself in John 20 and meets Thomas right where his lack of had him stalled. That's grace.
Interestingly, in John 11 the same man operated with a different label. He was traveling with Jesus as they heard of the death of Lazarus and Jesus decided to go to where Lazarus was. It was pointed out that this was the same place where people had tried to stone Jesus and would likely try again. This was dangerous and anyone with Jesus could lose their life, too.
Maybe figuring Thomas out isn't so easy. Is he doubting or courageous? Yes. Depends on the day; just like it does for any of us.
There are things we do that we are working out. Sometimes we are doubting and sometimes we are courageous. Neither necessarily affords us a title; both reflect the working out of our identity through a soul that wrestles with the eternal nature of God's Spirit. Both require grace.


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2007 Outstanding Student, Alumni, Faculty, and Staff
The University of Arkansas Community College at Morrilton's Academic All-Star and Outstanding Alumnus, Faculty, and Staff of 2007 were recently honored during the Arkansas Association of Two-Year College's 19th annual Fall Conference in Hot Springs.
Top Row, Left to Right: UACCM 2007
Academic All-Star Jeff Pistole,
UACCM Chancellor Nathan Crook,
and UACCM 2007 Outstanding
Alumni Lane Housley. Bottom Row,
Left to Right: 2007 Outstanding Staff
Member Cindy Upchurch, 2007
Outstanding Faculty Member Chris
Holtz.
Jeff Pistole of Clinton was recognized as UACCM's 2007 Academic All-Star. While at UACCM, he has maintained a 4.0 GPA while volunteering in the college's Writing Center and holding office in Phi Theta Kappa Honor Society. Upon completion of his degree in general education at UACCM, Pistole plans to transfer to a four-year university, after which he plans to attend law school. Having the designation of Academic All-Star, he is eligible to receive a full tuition scholarship from any of the four-year institutions in Arkansas.
UACCM's 2007 Outstanding Alumnus honored was Lane Housley of Morrilton. He graduated from UACCM in 1999 with a degree in surveying and began working for Crafton, Tull, Sparks Engineering. In 2001, he was promoted to Survey Supervisor, and in 2002, he was promoted to Survey Project Manager in Tulsa. Housley transferred to the Little Rock office and was promoted to Vice President in 2005.
UACCM chemistry and physical science instructor Chris Holtz was honored as 2007 Outstanding Faculty Member. Holtz is noted for his outgoing personality in the classroom, which allows him to build a rapport with students. He utilizes this relationship to encourage his students to make a commitment to and apply themselves to their studies.
Cindy Upchurch was honored as 2007 UACCM Outstanding Staff Member. Upchurch graduated from UACCM with degrees in graphic design and business. She currently serves as the Assistant Manager in the University Bookstore.
Posted by UACCM at October 19, 2007

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The phenomenon of inflammation is a normal part of life and it aids our bodies to rebuild from any sort of illness or injury. But a lot of experts are certain about the fact that it might become uncontrolled while it is responding to the toxic foods, and that continuing inflammation gives rise to gain weight, fatness, lasting disease, and even cancer.
Within cells containing fat, the liver, and the muscles give rise to insulin opposition that starts the process of maximizing the storage of entering calories in the form of fat and the condensed capability to burn nutritional calories to turn into energy.
Mainly, it is the assemblage of excess insulin carried by the complex glycemic load nourishment along with the consumption of added omega-6 fatty acids to generate additional heights of pro-inflammatory hormones like those named eicosanoids.
The supreme technique to descent inflammation is to decline the amount of omega-6 fatty acids add into your everyday diet. The majority of Americans consume a diet deeply loaded with omega-6. The foods especially oils which are high in Omega-6 Fatty Acids are namely Safflower Oil, Soybean Oil, Corn Oil. In case you are fed up with the fat accumulation, you may also try the best weight loss products, which diminish the accumulation of fat. You may not utilize the above-mentioned oils when you are cooking, but they are discovered in nearly all the treated foods.
Lessening of the glycemic load by means of consuming more non-starchy veggies is also going to shorten the insulin levels thus turning it even tougher to create inflammatory eicosanoids. You may go through a lot of video tutorials and blogs to get a good explanation about the glycemic load and glycemic index.
Ingestion of extra polyphenols, which are the chemicals that provide the veggies and fruits their color are going to diminish inflammation. The fruits and vegetables which are rich in polyphenols are namely Tea (Green & Black), Dark Chocolate, Spinach, Apple, Honey, and all the kinds of berries.
The thought of meditation is a decent way of decreasing diet-prompted inflammation by growing your consciousness that all the dietary choices can either grow or lessen the inflammation inside your body. You may try any channeled meditation to get relieved from weight loss and stress. Meditation further makes you more focused and concentrated towards your work and bring in more attentiveness.


So you've got just been and splashed out on a brand new set of dish plates which match magnificently with your new dining room personal. Whether you have chosen bargain basement items or a top of the range dinner provider, I am sure that you want to look after your new dinner plates as well as possible. If you damage and break even one item from a couple of dinner plates it can be a problem trying to replace it with some thing similar without having to buy a whole new set. Here are the answers to some common inquiries about how to best take care of dinnerware. Is it damaging towards the dinner plates if I force them in the microwave? To answer this question you need to check the eating plates that you own themselves. Various will have a mark in the plates themselves if they are 'microwaveable' or 'microwave-friendly'. If there is not any mark on the plates then you definitely should check the box the dinner plates came in. The reason why I say this is that while it isn't damaging to dinner plates that have been specially treated, there are several sets which have characteristics thus, making them entirely unsuitable. For example virtually any plates which have metallic paintwork or leading will cause leads to in the microwave. Also with mirror dinner plates there is a high-risk that they will smash if they have not been specially reinforced for the heat.
Hsmaritsa - Scooby doo windows 10 theme. Yes they are the main characters in the cartoon series scooby doo they are a group of friends solving mysteries together with their dog if you have loved watching the series, then you would also want to have this windows 10 wallpaper theme this theme has various hd wallpaper images that you will surely love and wanting you to watch it again. Cartoons windows 10 themes page 2. Who does not watch cartoon right? for those people who love watching a cartoon, get the free cartoon windows themes and change the look of your windows 10 desktop page 2. Scooby doo theme for windows 10. Download scooby doo theme for windows 10 this is a free cartoons theme in deskthemepack format with size 10 3 mb. Cartoon windows 10 theme. As a child, what type of cartoons have you seen? now that you are an adult, you may still be liking the cartoons that you have seen during your childhood. Scooby doo for windows 10 pc free download. Free download scooby doo from windows ch scooby doo cartoons for free 1 over 300 shows to watch from works on windows 10, windows 10 mobile, windows phone 8 1. How to get scooby doo dancer on display for windows 10 8. How to get scooby doo dancer on display for windows 10 8 bituonline tech loading unsubscribe from bituonline tech? cancel unsubscribe working subscribe subscribed unsubscribe 2 6k loading. Scooby doo theme song trap remix youtube. This feature is not available right now please try again later. Nyan cat windows 10 theme. Even though the nyan cat actually started out as a video, more and more people have began to appreciate how it looks like which explains why after some time, it has become an internet meme. Despicable me windows 10 theme. One thing that can be said about despicable me is that it is highly popular a lot of people have appreciated the movie not only because of its unique concept but because of the different minions. 90's cartoon network theme for windows 10 8 7. Cartoons from the 90's that defined a generation iconic moments from shows like scooby doo, tom & jerry, flintstones, jetsons, looney tunes, space ghost, samurai jack, ed, edd and eddy, courage the cowardly dog, johnny bravo, powerpuff girls and others.


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What happens to an egg 100 feet underwater?
By Casey Frye, CCNN Writer
The intense water pressure is enough to keep the egg in shape.
When you crack an egg on land, the contents quickly plop downwards, usually onto a sizzling hot frying pan. Well, can you guess what happens to the popular breakfast item when it's taken over 100 feet underwater? Surprisingly, it maintains its shape!
Two divers from Australia decided to take some eggs with them down to the ocean's depths. After the duo traveled an impressive 105 feet below the surface, they pulled out an egg and delicately removed the shell. Instead of dispersing like a drop of food coloring in a cup of water, the egg stayed perfectly still!
How could something like this happen? Well, salt water is pretty heavy. So, the further down you travel in the ocean, the more the pressure of the water increases.
At about 100 feet down, the pressure is roughly 3 times stronger than it is on the surface of the Earth. It's this same force that pushes the usually runny contents of an egg to maintain its oval appearance. The yummy egg didn't last long, though, because 20 seconds after the diver opened the shell, a hungry fish paddled on up and had himself a tasty breakfast!
Images courtesy of BIOSstation on YouTube.


Patchwork floral top paired with black ponte pants and Lucky booties just scream October. This blouse comes in seven pretty patterns! Check them out at the bottom of post.
The fall colors in this top are rich the material is thin so now is the perfect time to wear it.
Stripes are so on trend this fall Check out this pretty stripe midi!
Hungry?? Check out these recipes and more on my "Cooking On Purpose" menu!


Strengthens bleeding gums, effectively reduces sensitivity, prevents plaque, Neutralises acids which cause dental decay, Gently cleans sensitive teeth.
Tooth ache can be a severe problem for many people. While many might suffer sensitive tooth decay, another might be suffering from gum bleeding problem.
To take care of all sensitivity related to your tooth, we bring to you unique toothpaste which is enriched with mineralizing components, which in turn helps taking care of sensitive teeth, exposed tooth necks and gums, inflamed and slightly bleeding gums.


Today I talked to Beth at Curling Up With A Good Book about Striking Out and writing. Check out the interview here.
Talking with I Read Indie about books and writing. Check out the interview here. You can also find it on my blog page. Click the Interviews category.
Talking to Erika Messer at WS Momma Readers Nook. Check out the interview here.
Check out my interview with The Bookdragon here. There's an excerpt from Striking Out too.
Talking to Allaboutwriting about creating believable dialogue and my Psychology for Writers program.
Talking to Allaboutwriting about character development and Psychology for Writers.
Tune in to The Best of DJ Dave at 2pm on 99.3fm,3nrg. I'll be talking to DJ Dave about writing and life. Looking forward to hearing your tunes, Dave!
Talking to Allaboutwriting about Striking Out and my writing process. Check it out here.


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Kentucky Drug Overdose Fatality Surveillance System Report Sheds New Light on Drug Overdose Circumstances
By Allison Elliott-Shannon Nov. 10, 2017
LEXINGTON, Ky. (Nov. 10, 2017) -The Kentucky Injury Prevention and Research Center (KIPRC), an agent for the Kentucky Department for Public Health located at the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, in collaboration with the Kentucky Office of the State Medical Examiner's Office and county coroner offices, recently published the inaugural Kentucky Drug Overdose Fatality Surveillance System (DOFSS) report.
"Kentucky's unique DOFSS adds utility and value to drug overdose fatality surveillance by providing an additional lens to the drug overdose epidemic through the integration of multiple data sources that contribute additional case-level information that helps identify new and emerging risk factors and health conditions associated with drug overdose deaths in the Commonwealth of Kentucky," said Dr. Terry Bunn, PhD, KIPRC director and associate professor of Epidemiology.
One important finding in the DOFSS data shows that the most common other significant condition contributing to cause of death for drug overdose deaths was hypertensive heart disease. Confirming that result, Lisinopril, an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor drug that is prescribed to treat hypertension and heart failure, was the third most common prescription drug found at the scene of drug overdose deaths or at autopsy of drug overdose decedents. These results may indicate that individuals with heart disease are more susceptible to drug overdoses, or that heart-related conditions may be a primary outcome associated with substance use. Further research is needed to more fully examine this finding. DOFSS year 2016 data results will include linked dispensed prescription data from the Kentucky All Schedule Prescription Electronic Reporting (KASPER) system that may provide additional information to generate targeted hypotheses related to this unique finding.
Also, the DOFSS figures comparing mean blood concentrations of commonly identified drugs to related therapeutic ranges in drug overdose decedents show that amphetamine was detected above the related therapeutic range, in addition to the well-known opioids (fentanyl, hydrocodone, morphine, and oxymorphone). This finding indicates that amphetamine (either licit or as a metabolite of illicit methamphetamine) is a major drug contributing to drug overdose fatalities in the Commonwealth of Kentucky that deserves further tracking through DOFSS trends over time, examining linked amphetamine prescriptions dispensed, and further research into amphetamine sourcing.
Last, DOFSS data results highlight the involvement of gabapentin in fatal drug overdoses. Gabapentin was detected in over one-third of all drug overdose decedents with available specific drug results, and was the most frequent drug detected in female drug overdose decedents and among drug overdose decedents over the age of 44 years; gabapentin also was detected in almost half of all drug overdose decedents with histories of mental illness. These results illustrate the need for more research into the prescribing of gabapentin in association with substance use and substance use treatment, either alone or in association with other health conditions, such as chronic pain.
"Our heartfelt sympathies go out to the surviving family members, friends, and others who have suffered a loss due to a fatal overdose. Our hope is that this report can help coroners, medical examiners, family members, and healthcare providers, to inform and improve scheduled drug prescribing, substance use disorder treatment, prevention, policy making, and law enforcement drug interdiction," said Bunn, who contributed to the report along with Sarah L. Hargrove, MS, and Patrick J. Ward, MPH.
Kentucky's Drug Overdose Fatality Surveillance System (DOFSS) is a comprehensive database that utilizes multiple sources to enhance the Commonwealth's analytical capacity to identify and characterize drug overdose fatalities. Without a centralized death investigation system, Kentucky drug overdose fatality data are not collected by a single agency. DOFSS bridges the gaps by inputting drug overdose decedent data into one centralized database. A comprehensive multi-source database captures additional information on drug overdose fatalities and identifies emerging trends and patterns of drug use that may not be readily identified through analysis of data from a single source.
The Kentucky Drug Overdose Fatality Surveillance System report was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number 5 NU17CE002732-03-00, funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and awarded to the Kentucky Injury Prevention and Research Center as the bona fide agent for the Kentucky Department for Public Health. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Department of Health and Human Services.


Nadia Eghbal recently published an excellent report about funding and maintaining open source infrastructure. It's long but very easy to read. There's a nice series of selections available if you don't have time to read all of it (but I recommend you do!). The basic premise of the paper is that many key open source projects are under funded and maintained. It's easy to have projects fall through the cracks. Most of the focus was on various userspace projects. The kernel was briefly mentioned as a success story. Comparatively speaking, the kernel is well funded and maintained. I'm going to expand on some of the good things and bad things about infrastructure and the kernel ecosystem.
LWN1 always puts out a report for each development cycle about who contributes to the kernel. The results are pretty stable at this point. Employees of companies are doing most of the contributions to the kernel. This is a good thing. Companies see the value in Linux and want to pay people to make it better. They don't do this out of some altruistic love for software though (at least not most of them). These corporations have a product they are trying to deliver and paying people to deliver code to the upstream community is part of their strategy. The important point is 'strategy'. The terrible secret of space: most kernel developers are going to be advocating for something their employer wants. This is (usually) not some gigantic conspiracy that ruins everything. Most kernel developers who regularly work with the community are smart enough to not advocate for bad ideas just because an employer wants them. Advocating for garbage is a great way to get people to stop paying attention to you, which defeats the point of working with the community.
Where the kernel is unique (and why it succeeds) is the number of employers willing to sponsor maintainers and not just developers. Kernel maintainers are highly valued; LinuxCon this year is having office hours with kernel maintainers. Employers love being able to say "we employ kernel maintainers of X". It helps to build a reputation as a company where other kernel developers want to be. Employers sometimes think that having maintainers on staff will give them an advantage; "Oh boy, they can review my code before it goes out". This may not be true: most maintainers will advocate for review and discussion of all patches in public. Companies often get the advantage of being forced to follow best community practices when they hire maintainers, which may not be the advantage they expected or wanted. It makes them better open source contributors though.
The Linux kernel is an old project compared to most of the projects discussed in the report. The maintainers and developers have spent years figuring out what actually works for successful support. Groups like the Linux Foundation, Linaro and smaller consulting companies are designed to help companies with their contributions and become good open source participants. This is step #0 to getting sustainable open source: companies have to understand how to participate in the community and feel like they are part of the community. They will not see the value in funding if they aren't participating. Worse, they lose perspective on why funding maintainers is important (It's about supporting community, not having leverage to tell someone what to do).
The funding and corporate hand holding of organizations like The Linux Foundations can raise questions about neutrality. Is the kernel becoming 'pay to play' where unless you are a company with money to throw at the Linux Foundation you won't get to have a say? I don't believe so. I think the kernel community will always be a community at heart, independent of any company. There are enough good people involved to keep things going in the right direction. That said, pretending that corporations are always going to act altruistically is naive. Capitalism is harsh and throwing money around is a good way to make things happen. My plan personally is to stay informed and be an active participant in the kernel community.
The kernel provides some great examples to those looking to expand their infrastructure. Hopefully others can learn from the weaknesses as well.


For those who desire a piece of Nolensville TN real estate, you are sure to find a number of different Nolensville TN homes on the market. As you browse through all of the different pieces of Nolensville real estate, you will find a variety of homes to accommodate your budgetary and lifestyle needs. Make sure to speak Amy Wyatt who can help guide you through all of the different Nolensville homes on the market. You are sure to find a variety of different Nolensville homes for sale that will provide you with everything you desire in a new home.
As a town in Williamson County, Nolensville has less than 6,000 people who reside here. The town gained its name when William Nolen and his family were making their way through town until the wheel on their wagon broke. Since they were left with no other option but to stop and evaluate where they were, he ended up finding that the soil was rich and full of natural resources. At that point, he decided to make the area his home. He ended up purchasing a large portion of land that became the foundation of Nolensville. In 1839, the town gained incorporation.
One of the main attractions close by is that of the Jack Daniel Distillery. You will be able to head here and learn all about how the brew is made. While here, you have the option of purchasing this wonderful brew and bringing it home to enjoy later on as you watch the sun setting in the distance with your significant other. Take the time and learn all about this brew and the manner in which it is made.
For those who are looking for something exciting to do, many people will enjoy a trip through Death Row – Sanitarium of Slaughter. Since the haunted house is around 80,000 square feet, you can expect to spend around 40 minutes just making your way through the entire attraction. Be prepared to do some walking, screaming and running all in one location.
As you look at all of the different Nolensville properties on the market, you will be able to find one that meets your lifestyle and budgetary needs. Browse through all of the different pieces of real estate in Nolensville to see which one is going to provide you with the home of your dreams. Countless homes for sale in Nolensville will provide you with the chance to look around the area and determine exactly where it is that you want to be in town. As a potential Nolensville home buyer, you want to find the home that is going to accommodate everything you need in a new home.
Contact Amy Wyatt today for assistance with Nolensville real estate.


04624 scores the same as the Corea, ME average of 71.
04624 scores higher than the Maine average of 68.
04624 scores lower than the national average of 72.
The area has a very high percent of seniors (73% of the total population).
There are 8 parks nearby, including Petit Manan National Wildlife Refuge, Mainayr Campground, and mountain view campground.
There are 5 churches nearby, including Unionville Church of God, Church of Open Bible, and Allegheny Wesleyan Methodist.
The area has an average household income of $82,756, which is in the top 17% of all incomes in the US.
The area has a median household income of $49,091, which is in the top 46% of all incomes in the US.
The area has a per capita income of $39,873, which is in the top 9% of all per capita incomes in the US.
04624 has a very sparse population density of 32.2 people per square mile.


As you know I've been wondering when I'll get my appointment through for my first 12 week check. Every whinge and pain reminds me that I'm waiting and me, being me, pushes it to the back of my mind with a 'it's just the breast tissue memory and scar healing' – but even if it is, I'd like to know for sure.
So I called the hospital to find out when the 12 weeks runs from; my scans, surgery No. 1, surgery No. 2? The team I spoke to didn't know the answer but did confirm that I had an appointment in the diary for 21st April. I'm not sure why I haven't received any notification though but I guess that'll mean that they take the 12 weeks from the surgical follow up appointment.
About 10 minutes after I hung up from my hospital call, my GP called me. I know I've told you before that I have the best GP in the whole world… I really do! He said he knew what my medical notes said but he wanted to check how I was doing in myself. How I'm coping. What an angel.


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text:
Phyllodromica cretensis är en kackerlacksart som först beskrevs av Willy Adolf Theodor Ramme 1927.  Phyllodromica cretensis ingår i släktet Phyllodromica och familjen småkackerlackor. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Småkackerlackor
cretensis

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


※Information is available for Odakyu Line operations and Hakone transportation only.
※Operation may be delayed due to traffic conditions.
※ This website contains updated information on Hakone Freepass transportation. Information shown here is subject to change without notice.
We bear no responsibility for any loss or damage resulting from the use of the information on this website.
copyright Odakyu Electric Railway Co., Ltd. & Odakyu Hakone Holdings, Inc. all rights reserved.


text:
View photos from Detroit Lions practice on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018.
Detroit Lions wide receiver Kenny Golladay (19) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions wide receiver TJ Jones (13) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions wide receiver Bruce Ellington (12) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions quarterback Matthew Stafford (9) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions assistant special teams coach Devin Fitzsimmons high-fives Detroit Lions tight end Jerome Cunningham (86) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions running back Zach Zenner (34) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions safety Glover Quin (27) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions cornerback Nevin Lawson (24) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions cornerback DeShawn Shead (26) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions head coach Matt Patricia watches the team warm up before practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions wide receiver Marvin Jones Jr. (11) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions head coach Matt Patricia during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions head coach Matt Patricia and Detroit Lions running back Theo Riddick (25) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions tight end Jerome Cunningham (86) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions fullback Nick Bellore (43) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions tight end Michael Roberts (80) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions linebacker Kelvin Sheppard (51) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions defensive coordinator Paul Pasqualoni during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions cornerback Lenzy Pipkins (41) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions defensive tackle John Atkins (99) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions defensive end Eric Lee (55) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions defensive line during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions assistant special teams coach Devin Fitzsimmons and the special teams during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions special teams during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions defensive back Quandre Diggs (28) and Detroit Lions cornerback Horace Richardson (36) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions safety Glover Quin (27) and Detroit Lions defensive back Tracy Walker (47) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions defensive back Tracy Walker (47) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions cornerback Horace Richardson (36) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions cornerback Michael Ford (38) and Detroit Lions cornerback Nevin Lawson (24) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions safety Tavon Wilson (32) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions defensive back Quandre Diggs (28) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)
Detroit Lions safety Charles Washington (45) during practice at the Detroit Lions training facility on Thursday, Nov. 8, 2018 in Allen Park, Mich. (Detroit Lions via AP)


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


idk, my bff bxvi. dear god! | six words to change the world.
← tribute: to uncle kevin, yankee stadium.
idk, my bff bxvi. dear god!
This is not a joke. You, or should I write 'U', can now get texts from Pope Bennie 16 (which looks like an AIM screenname, don't you think?)! This is part of World Youth Day 2008, a huge Catholic festival for people that want to hang out, be cool and "get jiggy" with his mighty papalness. This year's festival is in Australia- on the opening morning, "G'day Pilgrims!" scrolled across the welcome screen. Haha.
How would you feel if you got a text from Benedict? There's just something that doesn't seem right about it. I think I would feel uncomfortable seeing it slammed in between drunk and/or inappropriate text messages from my heathen friends (LOVE YOU GUYS! And I'm just kidding, they are absolute saints). Plus, it definitely puts a whole new meaning to the idea that the Pope is a direct line to God. And the Pope has a direct line to your conscience via cell phone? I couldn't stand all the Catholic guilt!
Besides the obvious objections to getting text messages from the freaking pope, as someone who is way into copy editing and believes that you should be consistent in your writing, the first thing that struck me was that he didn't abbreviate 'people' to 'ppl' and spelled out the word 'you' after using the letter 'u'. On top of that, I am absolutely against text abbreviations. JP II would never have done this! JP, we miss you, buddy.
So the Pope is trying to reach out to young people. That's cool. I get it. Kind of. I always thought the church liked to kick it old school (as in, not evolve with the times), but maybe BXVI is a little too cool for school. Remember his shoes? Forget the devil, this Pope wears Prada. And sends texties.


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text:
Q: Should I quote "giue" (from old texts) as "give" or "giue"? For example, Francis Bacon (1625):

I want to quote Bacon verbatim (without any "conversion" to modern English). Should I quote the above as

*

*"And Studies themselues, doe giue forth"; or

*"And Studies themselves, doe give forth"?

(On a similar note, I think the long s should just be quoted as the modern regular s instead of ſ. But correct me if I'm mistaken.)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Speech of Shri Rajnath Singh in 'Vijay Sankalp Samavesh Rally' Bhuvneshar (11/02/2014)
I welcome the State President of BJP Shri K V Dev Singh Ji, and respected Shri Narendra Modi Ji to whom the nation wants the next Prime Minister of India. Further, I welcome Shri VishwBhushan Harichandan Ji, Shri Dharmendra Pradhan Ji, Shri Jay Narayan Mishra Ji, Shri Vijat Mahapatra Ji, Shri Dileep Ji, Shri Chandan Mishra Ji, Shri Arun Ji, and my dear brothers and sisters over here.
Dear brothers and sisters, I am watching an ocean of people instead of an assembly before me. You really warmly welcomed Shri Narendra Modi Ji, and I can say that not only here but also everywhere in India where Modi Ji goes the same kind of treatment is given across the country. But as far as Indian culture and general ethics are concerned, there should not be one sided welcome or gratitude paid off; therefore, I, being the national president of BJP heartily welcome by bowing down my head before you all my brothers and sisters of Odisha here.
It is the sacred place of Lord Shri Jagannath Ji, and the playground of Lord Shri Balbhadra Ji, I pay my respect to them. We came across with the very sad news that 32 people have been died in the unfortunate accident taken place as a boat drowned yesterday. Having known this sadistic accident we feel big sorrow. So, first of all being the national president of BJP, I pay my deepest condolence to those who died. I availed opportunity to explore Odisha whenever I visit here. I have seen the poverty exist here at very large scale in comparison to other states in India even though Odisha is much fertile in Minerals. This is awful situation so far if having been so much fertile in the terms of minerals such as the largest amount of Bauxite and its ore as of 62%, 25% of Coal, 92% of Manganese respectively and ample of Iron ores as well among other states in India. Odisha is a wealthy state in terms of natural resources. In spite of being this much wealth in a state what is the reason of poverty here? I don't blame the people of Odisha but the Government and other political parties who reigned here for such a long span of time but did nothing for the State. And those parties are Congress and BJD who are solely and equally responsible for the poverty of Odisha.
I came to know that sometimes before the Vice President and the unclaimed Prime Ministerial Candidate of Congress visited here and said that they have provided a great number of funds to the State where did it go? Why Odisha is still in poverty? Well, for that sake I want to say to Mr. Rahul Gandhi if the money is provided to the state by central government, it's under law of sharing of taxes, it's not the grant or help rather it is the right of state to avail that fund from the central government.
Dear brothers and sisters, now anywhere in India you may visit and see the poverty and unemployment exist due to corruption. Corruption is the root cause for undevelopment, unemployment and poverty. And this is well known to everybody that how much corruption has taken place only in the reign of Congress since independence. If Rahul Gandhi really wants to detain corruption then he must take an action to probe the much known Mines Scam in Odisha beyond other scams taken place in Congress rulings. Dear brothers and sisters, I wish to inform you that The Shah Commission was enforced to form to probe that high profile scam by Congress when the Honourable Supreme Court of India has taken self-acknowledgement at Mines Scam in Odisha. And it has taken ample of time to submit its report on scam. Now, I got to know that they have presented their report in assembly in parliament by 3-4 days back. But I wish to inform you that the report submitted was half of the report. It was incomplete report presented there that means the government doesn't want to disclose the corruption. Why? I want the answer from them that why are they hiding the facts? Moreover, they don't want the probing to be continued anymore. And, I appeal to the state Chief Minister Shri Naveen Patnayak Ji that having submitted the report in parliament you must have felt that the scam has taken place in Mines. And, if you feel it then you must ask for CBI inquiry of this high profile scam. I too on the behalf of BJP demand for CBI inquiry.
Dear brothers and sisters, it is the controversy of Congress and BJD as they don't want Odisha developed that's why the Mines and Minerals development bill has not been passed since so long which states and ensures that Odisha would get the 26% of total contribution paid off. This is ridiculous and injustice towards Odisha. That bill ensures the rights, growth and development, security of the lands of tribal groups of Odisha clearly. But the government is averting this bill again and again deliberately.
Dear brothers and sisters, this place is known as Lord Shri Balbadra Ji, and having been this sacred place even the farmers are dying due to debt and poverty. How insane is this? Just look at the nearby BJP governed state Chhatisgarh. Dr. Raman Singh is the Chief Minister of State. It has never happened there that farmers were compelled to homicide due to debt or poverty. Why? Because our BJP government support them on the basis of Minimum Support against their food grain production. Beyond this we also have managed to provide them bonus as well worth of 300 rupees per quintal. We don't understand that why the Chief Minister of state doesn't do the same here.
Moreover, you will be surprised by knowing that we, the BJP governed states are providing debts @ 0% whereas you have to pay @ 10-12% interest if borrowing debts from banks! Why this injustice? We know the fact that India can't grow without the growth of farmers. Farmers are the base of nation they are biggest producers and great consumers. If farmers would be wealthy then the whole India will be wealthy automatically. So for that sake, we have decided to deploy a scheme in to the favor of farmers to make sure that their income is settled down before ploughing the field. You may visit across India and may easily find that the BJP governed states are working intensively in to favor of farmers by providing them loan with the minimum interest rates of 1% and 0%, and it is being done by BJP governed states and not in other states. I believe that the state and central governments both are anti-farmers government; therefore, I appeal to you to uproot these anti-farmers government and must grant BJP to come in to the power here and in Delhi as well to ensure the growth of farmers and the growth of nation.
I naturally keen to remember Shri Biju Patnayak whenever I visit Odisha. BJP really respect him a lot as his contribution can't be defy in to the freedom fight. But on the other hands I want to ask the chief minister of the state if he is doing justice with the hereditary of Shri Biju Patnayak Ji. The fact is; it's been worsened now.
Dear brothers and sisters, Odisha is full of natural wealth and resources but then again more than half of the population is enforced to live under below poverty line.
I am clearly watching the large numbers of unemployed youngsters here. These guys are forced to wander here and there, even then having the great potential and ability to perform, because of no vacancies of employment. I want to rest you guys assured that yours hands will be full of work and yours wallets will be full of your self-earned currencies. You are well aware with the government of Shri Atal Bihari Bajpai, just go through with the National sample survey report. It clearly states that during the government of Shri Atal Bihari Bajpai in the tenure of 6 years, 70 lakhs new employment opportunities were generated; but on the contrary Congress led UPA government could barely raise only 27 lakhs employment opportunities since 2004.
As far as the education is concerned, It was Shri Atal Bihari Bajpai who opened Eklavya Model Adivasi Vidyalay first to ensure the quality education for our tribal brothers and sisters. Tribal welfare ministry as formed by BJP led NDA government ensuring the welfare of our tribal groups. We enlisted 270 different casts in the schedule tribes in which moreover are from Odisha only. I rest you assured that after making our government we will include few more tribes in to this category.
I believe that the first ever right over the natural resources is of our tribal brothers and sisters, but what's happening here? Land is given on lease and holder is getting richer and the tribes are getting poorer. This country has been sucked by Congress in many years.
Recently Rahul Gandhi Ji visited Gujrat, where Shri Narendra Modi Ji is Chief Minister, and said that a tea seller is opined to be respected but not a person who make nation fool. It was well said by Rahul Ji, I appreciate him for his concern; but I want to ask that who made nation fool since long span of time? It is Congress who did it not BJP. Just 5 years back from now onwards, the UPA chairperson and the Prime Minister of India promised to the people of nation to restrain the price hike within 100 days. What happened of that promise? Did the price hike controlled? No. Then who made India fool? Yes, the price hike was properly in controlled manner only in the government of Shri Atal Bihari Bajpai Ji for 6 years continuously.
In 1970 Smt Indira Gandhi Ji raised the slogan' Gareebi Hatao'; but at the time of Food Security Bill was proposed in the Parliament, it was said by Congress that two third of the population of India is living in below poverty line, therefore this bill is proposed to make sure that everybody takes meals. Dear brothers and sisters now think and calculate if the slogan 'Gareebi Hatao' was raised by Smt. Indiara Gandhi Ji in 1970, since then it could not be eradicated from the society and Congress still pretending to remove it since last 40 years! Who is making India fool?
In 1950 the first Prime Minister of India Pt.Jawahar Lal Nehru Ji said that we are trying to build nation and now you can see that still the Congress advertisement projecting with the slogan 'Ho raha Bharat Nirmaan', means since last 65 years the it could not have taken place then who is making India fool? You have to decide it.
If we praise the development of Gujrat then it is said by Congress that BJBP is making India fool by exaggerating Gujrat model. Then I want to ask a question to Rahul Ji if the top position was given to any state across the country in 2010 on the basis of 20 point scale, it was Gujrat and it was your government who had given this position. And the same was done in 2008 by Rajiv Gandhi Foundation which is yours foundation. So who is telling lie yours Government, yours foundation or Congress itself? And not only this, but also the American Parliamentary committee has reported and praised the development of Gujrat and the also praised Narendra Bhai Modi in its report. Now, on the basis of these facts Rahul ji just tell us that are they all the American Parliamentary committee, Rajiv Gandhi Foundation and the report of your government telling lie if they are praising the Gujrat Model and Narendra Modi?
Dear brothers and sisters, it is Congress who is making India fool. We have a lot more threats and problems around us such as internal affairs and external affairs securities, Naxalism, Unemployment, Poverty, Financial crisis, corruption etc. therefore my dears I want a promise from all you and that is to make BJP powerful by supporting us on 21 seats out of 21 seats to make us strengthen so that we can give you the hope for best and a sustained government. And we promise that once again India will become the Master of World. Thanking you.


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留言型錄 : 學術論壇
" Some Thoughts on Academic-Corporate "
joeting88
來自: NJ East Hanover
成員自從: 2004-02-28
留言日期: 2008-11-03 03:05 PM 最後修改: joeting88
Some Thoughts on Academic-Corporate Relations in the 21st century
Da Hsuan Feng
Senior Executive Vice President
Keynote speech delivered for the Advisory Board of Texas Institute of Science (TxIS)
November 3. 2008
I am deeply honored to be invited to say a few words about this subject which, as you know, is dominating the academic and corporate worlds today globally. Since I am more familiar with the American system, and more recently the Asian system, I will confine my discussion in these two systems. There are experts in the audience, such as my good friends Alain Bensoussan, former Professor of University Paris-Dauphine and Director General of the European Space Agency and Professor Miroslav Vicek, Vice Rector of the Czech Technical University, also Academician Laszlo Kapolyi of Hungarian Academy of Science who can speak about the situation in Europe far better than I can. I shall defer to their knowledge and wisdom.
About two years ago, Lazlo Olah, CEO of TxIS met me in my office in Dallas and gave me a description of his grand vision. Since all of you are well aware of what TxIS has already achieved, and how far Laslo has propelled the Texas Institute of Science, from concept to operation with gusto, I will not discuss it in detail here. Suffice to say that the essence of TxIS is to be a proactive "intermediary" between the corporations with significant technical challenges and academia worldwide which can provide them.
I should tell you that I was so impressed with what I heard from Laslo. In the past two years, I kept telling myself that "with so many transformation taking place in the globe, with rapid changes in the way people physically move about, intellectually, economically and "telecommunicationally," (and even the economic meltdown as recently as a few weeks ago which has profound impact on the US election tomorrow) what Laslo had outlined to me may, in my opinion, very well be the "missing link" for academia-corporate relations, one that is taking the 21st century's conditions fully into account!"
I think the success of TxIS in the past two years is a testimony of the success of his vision.
I will come back to this at the end of this discussion.
Pearl S. Buck, the world renowned author said that "If you want to understand today, you have to search yesterday." To understand the current situation of academia-industry relations in United States today, we need to pay some attention to history.
As the cliché goes, we have now entered the 21st century and the "earth is flat!". It is interesting that for the United States, this story as the title of this speech suggests began, more or less, in the 19th century. I should mention that universities existed well before that period. Some of you who watched the recent TV Series about John Adam noticed that he and his son, John Quincy Adam, were both alumni of Harvard College. However, as Harvard's website states:
"…During its early years, the College offered a classic academic course based on the English university model but consistent with the prevailing Puritan philosophy of the first colonists. Although many of its early graduates became ministers in Puritan congregations throughout New England…"
It is worth noting that by the time that John Adam attended Harvard in 1751 and John Quincy Adam graduated from Harvard in 1787, Europe's era of scientific methodology via several hundred years of the Renaissance was already in full bloom. After all, nearly a century earlier from the Adams' time, in 1688, Sir Isaac Newton already published his monumental, profound and ageless scientific epic PRINCIPIA. As you all know, PRINCIPIA contains one of the most important body of human knowledge. It literally lifted humanity into a scientific methodological era which is still operative today.
However, it appears that in North America this great intellectual revolution that was in full rage in Europe did not affect North America significantly until much later. Indeed it came in the 19th century.
19th century, the age of academic and industrial awakening in United States
I have to say that 19th century was really an exciting century for North America. It was indeed the century where academia and industry began, but only began, to rear their heads. Let me bring in a few giant names for our discussion.
Alexander Graham Bell, a Scotsman, who was born in 1847 and became a professor at Boston University, was widely credited for inventing the telephone. He attended the University of Edinburgh. I suspect that without the monumental body of knowledge of his countryman Sir James Clark Maxwell (born 1831) who gave the world a complete and succinct understanding of electromagnetism, I doubt very much that Bell could have made his invention. Still, what Bell did could be considered, in modern language, as an application of basic science!
Henry Ford who was born in 1863 founded the Ford Motor company and introduced the so-called assembly line. Henry Ford was self taught.
Thomas Edison who was born in 1847, the same year as Bell, was an incredible inventor, including the phonograph. In today's language, he could be credited as a man who built "technical devices." Just as Ford, Edison did not have formal education.
I have an interesting story about Ford and Edison which I learned from Mr. Ross Perot during one of my memorable meetings with this "maverick!" Mr. Perot said that in the beginning, Ford initiated a assembly plant where the floor workers would have to go from car to car. He was very proud of his "invention." Edison, who was a friend of Ford, was invited to visit the plant. Ford wanted to show his frined his great invention. When Edison saw the system, his knee-jerk reaction for Ford was "have you considered moving the cars and not the workers in the assembly line?"
The rest, as one would say, is history!
This story is as amusing as it is profound. It is profound because it tells us that in any human endeavor, there are always ways to do it more efficiently, more out-of-the-box, more in the "break-through" mode. It was self-evidently true in the 19th century as it is today.
For our present discussion, you noticed that apparently neither Ford nor Edison had much interaction with universities. While Bell did have some interaction with universities in Boston, after all, he was a professor in Boston University, it was probably not deep. In many ways, all three industrial giants of the 19th century did not have academia-industrial relations, either directly or indirectly, on their radar screen.
So why was that? One of the reasons, in my opinion, is because US universities are still "immature" and there were only a few and far in between.
Let me demonstrate this fact by quoting one of my most respected higher education leaders in United States today, President Richard Levin of Yale University about a great president of Harvard University, Charles William Eliot. Eliot was Harvard's longest serving and most successful president whose term was between 1869 and 1909. The quote was taken from Levin's speech delivered in the Chinese-Foreign University Presidents' Forum in Beijing on August 4, 2004.
President Levin said that
"…Charles Eliot …was, almost certainly, the most influential university president of his time. I believe that it is fair to say that, cumulatively, the changes he wrought at Harvard had as significant and as enduring an impact on higher education in the United States as the accomplishments of any university president before or since. He became a national figure during the second half of his tenure as a spokesman for liberal individualism and an advocate of school reform……."
There are two things worth noting here.
First, it is incredible and magnanimous that a sitting President of Yale is willing to publicly acknowledge how great his fiercely competitive institution is!
Second, Levin is basically saying using modern vernacular that "Harvard was not Harvard until Eliot was finished with it!"
Another critical change in the 19th century was the proliferation of the so-called "Land-Grant-Universities." There was a pivotal political leader in the 19th century in the United States. His name is Justin Smith Morrill. Morrill was a US congressman from (1855–1867) and a Senator (1867–1898) from Vermont. Why do I mention him? The reason is because there is a Congressional Act that was proposed and named after him, the so-called "Morrill Land-Grant College Act." The language of the Act is
"…without excluding other scientific and classical studies and including military tactic, to teach such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and the mechanic arts, in such manner as the legislatures of the States may respectively prescribe, in order to promote the liberal and practical education of the industrial classes in the several pursuits and professions in life…"
The follow up of this ACT was that the Federal Government of the United States, by bestowing a whole bunch of goodies such as land, was the primary reason for the creation of what is today commonly known as "Land Grant Universities." Great state universities of today, such as University of Arizona, University of California Berkeley, Purdue University, Texas A and M University, University of Wisconsin and so on are created under this Act. You can palpably imagine that if these universities did not exist today in the United States, the intellectual and economic might of the nation would surely be very different, if not significantly weaker.
It is obvious that the fundamental driving force behind the creation of these land grant universities is that just ensuring and educating students to be fluent in Greek and Latin, however important those bodies of knowledge were to be learned, was no longer adequate for society. University education needs to align its education with the industries of the day, agriculture and mechanical arts in the mid 19th century. I think if one looks at higher education today, this vision of the Morrill Act is still very much applicable. And it has a great deal of relevance to the vision of TxIS.
Three metamorphosis took place in the 20th century
Three metamorphoses took place in the 20th century that made higher education in North America what it is today.
First: Two world wars in fire power and destruction of the scale never before seen in the history of man ravaged Europe and Asia in the first half of the 20the century. The end result of these two horrible wars essentially lifted, lock-stock-and-barrel, thousands and thousands of the truly great intellects in Europe and "dumped" them on American intellectual communities. People who not only were great, but truly great in the sense that their works were epoch changing, like Albert Einstein, Eugene Wigner, Enrico Fermi, Theodore von Kármán, Edward Teller and so on, in my opinion, would never had left Europe if Europe did not become the epic centers of WWI and WWII. Indeed, if the intellectual supremacy built up from three to four centuries of the Renaissance was not so significantly disturbed, if not destroyed, there would be no such massive brain-drain from Europe to the United States. In my opinion, I dare say that such a brain-drain was never before seen in the history of man, nor will it ever happen again to that magnitude. With this as background, with the gushing in of such an intellectual Tsunami, it is no surprise that the quality of research and development in US universities' made several quantum jumps and became the envy of the world in merely 50 years of the first half of the 20th century.
Second: Right after WWII, a great American named Vannevar Bush, a US senior science and technology administrator who was responsible for the War Weapons program called Manhattan Project during WWII, realized that to sustain R&D for the United States, which was important for the country's education and economic well being in the post-war period, successfully convinced the administration to create what is now called the National Science Foundation. Bush realized that in order to promote research excellence in universities, Federal Government should and must play a pivotal and fundamental role. There is a well known cliché which says that "imitation is the best form of flattery." Well, if you look around Asia, where the National Science Council of Taiwan, Natural Science Foundation of China and National Science and Engineering Foundation of India all have the NSF flavor, you would immediately realize how fundamental the concept of having an NSF-like institution in any aspiring nation! I suspect in Europe, there is also similar outfits which have NSF flavors.
So, with the combination of a significant up-lift of quality people from Europe, and with funding from the Federal Government for research, US universities went from good to great.
But, there is still one step missing for a robust academia-industry relation. That step is intellectual properties, or IPs!
Third: The final step finally came in 1980. With US Federal government funding research after WWII before 1980, it was sort of understood that the IPs created in universities should and did reside with the Government. Yet, the US Federal Government was not and will never be an entrepreneurial outfit. This means that all the IPs will simply be sitting on the shelf somewhere in Washington D.C., collecting dust. Two Senators, Senator Birch Bayh of Indiana and Senator Bob Dole of Kansas, recognized this shortcoming, created probably one of the most profound Acts of the 20th century, the so-called "Bayh-Dole Act." Instead of government owning the IPs, this Act permits a university, small business or any non-profit organizations to retain intellectual property ownerships. This fundamentally altered the landscape of university-industry relations. Universities now can take their IPs and negotiate various relations with industries, such as license, co-ownerships and so on. Much of the sweeping changes one noticed within US universities today, I dare say, had their genesis in the Bayh-Dole Act.
I should say that even with outstanding faculty, government funding for research and with the Bayh-Dole Act, the number of successful universities in capitalizing on this landscape have been few and far in between. In his recent speech at the University of Tokyo, President Levin made the following important comment regarding the lack of success of technology transfer among US universities:
"… Historically, most U.S. universities did not actively seek to participate in the translation of discoveries into new products, processes, and services. An exception was the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. By the mid-1990s, graduates of MIT had founded over 4,000 companies nationwide, and were continuing to create an additional 150 companies a year. Illustrating the impact a university can have on its local economy, more than 1,000 of those companies are based in Massachusetts, accounting for about 25 percent of all manufacturing activity in the state…."
So, why is that the case? Why are there not more MIT's?
The issue is the core question reverberating in many administration corridors and conference rooms within research universities worldwide today.
Indeed, what is the mission of a 21st century research university? Well, from every corner of the globe, you would hear the chorus that it is "to be the economic and intellectual engine!" While this "sound-bite" sounds awfully good, the challenge is whether universities can put it into practice? My answer is that it can only be if we can stimulate economic and intellectual development synergistically.
So let's get into today's subject.
Let us as academics step back and view this issue from an entrepreneur's point of view. A good friend of mine who is an extremely successful entrepreneur once told me in no uncertain terms that "A business is there to make money, ethically!" There is no "ifs" or "buts" after this statement, he said.
What are the fundamental and generic ingredients of creating businesses, large scale ones such as Microsoft in Seattle or Chi-Mei in Tainan or small start-ups in Silicon Valley or Hsinchu in Taiwan? They have to have, in my friend's opinion, and I fully concur, the following components:
A good idea;
A burning desire to do business;
A way to obtain business finance;
A way to turn a prototype into products. This is a euphemism for manufacturing;
A way to sell products successfully. This is a euphemism for marketing. With this in mind, I propose that there are two ways where academia can interact with business.
I will call them "Inside-Out" and "Outside-In"!
"Inside-Out" is when within the university, we find the best possible "prototypes" created by faculty, students or what have you, and then push it outside the university. Now let's examine inside-out from the business ingredients I mentioned above and see how it works.
A good idea. This is certainly not in short supply within the university. After all, most research done inside the university are curiosity driven by very smart people.
A burning desire to do business. On the average, this is a little less abundant inside a university. Generally speaking, we do not adequately train and/or educate our faculty and students to be highly entrepreneurially minded.
A way to obtain business finance. This is even more difficult. Finance for business is very different from obtaining research funding from the Science Research Council of Taiwan or National Science Foundation of the United States. Here the conversation needs to be between faculty and venture capitalists, angels, investment bankers and so on. Bringing people of such different background together to have a meaningful conversation, or collaborate on business, is a highly unusual, if not unlikely scenario.
A way to turn a prototype into products is a euphemism for manufacturing. This is almost impossible task inside the university. I know of NO university that can manufacture anything in large and highly regularized manner, nor should they try. A university should never forget the only products it should "manufacture" is knowledge and a work force for the society. Therefore, seeking the right manufacturers for products is in itself a significant business enterprise which is outside the realm of a university.
A way to sell products successfully is a euphemism for marketing. Marketing takes on all forms. Although there are business or management schools within universities, to find expertise on or for a specific technology's market, and to promote the sells through a sophisticated marketing and sales channel, is not a simple task within a university. Yet, without it, the products will simply "sit on the shelf," a most undesirable business scenario.
These difficulties have collectively been given a very ugly name, and it is called the "Valley of Death!" Few universities in the US were able to overcome it without dispensing significant internal scarce resources and hire outstanding professionals. In fact, it is often true that the ROI is negative. The glaring successes which are few and far in-between: the example of MIT as mentioned by President Levin, and the famous Vitamin B-12 of the University of Wisconsin and Gatorade of the University of Florida are some of the often, but lonely, examples.
I should also mention that there is another issue which challenges universities. It has to do with the nature of academic research. We all know that many faculty members tend to carry out the work alone. This has the effect that he/she can create only one or a few prototypes which have the undesirable feature that generally it/they have reduced functionalities, if not a single functionality. However, often technological breakthroughs of today are more in the form of "internet-like," where the "we are smarter than me" concept of the well known business futurist Keniche Ohmae is more applicable then of the form of 'semi-conductors," a profound and global economic transformation of three scientists from Bell laboratories. This means that it is more likely than not that what is needed is a set of prototypes put together, as in system integration, in order to have serious commercial value. Taken to the extreme, which TxIS is confronted with, is if a large industry has a major project which needs a multitude of prototypes from different universities, and heaven forbid, from different countries, who should the industry contact?
What about "Outside-In"?
Now let's examine how outside-in works.
A good idea. This is certainly not in short supply from the outsiders. Without a good idea, they do not have a business.
A burning desire to do business. Ditto.
A way to obtain business finance. For outsiders to survive, at least initially, they better know how to obtain business finance. Or else, they do not have a business.
A way to turn a prototype into products. This is a euphemism for manufacturing. They must know how to do this. Or else they do not have a business.
A way to sell products successfully. This is a euphemism for marketing. Marketing is fundamental to any business. It is the "soul" of business. Without it, outsiders do not have a business.
It is clear that if there is a way to create a platform for outsiders and insiders to interact, i.e. by synergistically linking up outsides with insides, I am convinced that we can go a much longer way than each doing it one its own.
Both inside-outers and outside-iners need finance. For inside-outers, this sort of funding is fundamentally different from those they compete-for in National Science Foundation in US. They are funding in the form of venture, angel, investment bankers (the Lehman Brothers, heaven forbid!) and so on. The language deployed in negotiations to gain access for such liquidity is fundamentally different from research funding. Most faculty and students inside the university lack such training, if at all.
A few months ago, in order to try to comprehend the thinking process of entrepreneurs housed in either in the incubator of my current university, National Cheng Kung University (NCKU) in Tainan, Taiwan or Southern Taiwan Science Park incubator (under contract from Minister of Economics and is operated by NCKU,) the director of NCKU's incubator Professor Y. L. Lo, his team and I had a three hour heart-to-heart meeting with this group of about 30 CEOs.
My impressions of the meetings are as follows.
First, they are all highly sophisticated entrepreneurs. They have solid grasp of their products and the marketability.
Second, they are all frustrated with the VC communities. Perhaps the most poignant comment made by one very bright CEO is that the Taiwan VCs are highly "risk averse," and hence there is essentially no opportunity for startups. I am not sure whether this would be an accurate blanket description of Taiwan's VC communities, and I am equally not sure whether US VCs, after the disastrous DOT.COM era of the last decade of the 20th century is not equally "risk averse" today. Never the less, I suspect that at least in southern Taiwan, VCs play little role in "kicking up an entrepreneurial storm."
Third, some of the CEOs appear to hope to, or rely on Taiwan's SBIR from the Government. I told them that my gut feeling is that while one should never dismiss such handouts from the Government, here or in the US, I think it is nevertheless true that such funding is a little too late and too slow. Speed, I learned when I was in the industry, is one of the important ingredients of business success.
Fourth, they want to find ways to work with universities beyond merely technological collaborations.
Intellectual Properties
As I mentioned earlier, when I started to learn about IPs about twelve years ago, I was so impressed by two US senators, Senator Birch Bayh and Senator Bob Dole who had the great foresight to release ALL IPs developed from research in universities utilizing Federal government funding will be owned by the universities.
To this end, I believe that universities must maintain high degree of flexibility in its treatment of IPs. For example, we must maintain very flexible and pro-faculty in our license agreements with the inventors. Also, I believe that all universities must have, if not already have, robust and forward looking university-wide Patent Committees? These committees must not be "pro-forma" committees, but one must have significant components from legal as well, if possible, VCs. It is important to bring to the entire university that IPs, or patents, are statements of "commercialization," not just another line in one's resume, as in a publication.
I hope I have convinced you that even though one sees significant transformation in academia-industry relations (and collaborations,) in the 20th century and the 21st century, where the situation went from non-existent to a relatively sophisticated interaction, the situation is still far from optimum.
For one thing, it is clear that more and more industries, because of the nature of the business, are getting out of R and do only a minimum amount of D. With the world facing the possibility of a economic downturn and/or meltdown, more and more corporations are going to be very stingy in holding on closely its liquidity to protect themselves from takeovers, friendly or hostile. Obviously, within the priority of sacrifices corporations need to make, R&D will surely be near the top, if not the top. Yet, without R&D, corporations may not be able to follow and/or lead in the fast changing world of business.
Also, Laslo and I have had many discussions about TxIS. Let me give you one example which Laslo and I have discussed explicitly, and it is the oil and gas industry. In this business, there are still significant number of important technical problems which can render the business more economical, efficient and environmentally friendly. Many of the technical projects would require different faculty members from different universities in different countries to work together. You can easily imagine how bewildered the CTOs of such companies will feel to bring such a team together. Indeed, how great these CTOs would feel if there is indeed a "who to call" such as TxIS, when such situations arise. Of course the situation is not only common to CTOs of oil and gas industry, it is true for any major scale industry.
Finally, can corporations and/or universities create a TxIS-like platform? Maybe, but I doubt it. The reason is that the mission of corporations and/or universities is completely different from the mission of TxIS and therefore while it may not be impossible, it is difficult for them to bring in such a platform internally, which can serve themselves and their counterpart. This is why the mission and operation of TxIS is so important, not only for North America, Asia, but for the entire globe.
This is why I said from the beginning that TxIS may be an idea whose time has come.
Thank you very much for your attention!
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