text:
Football: Barcelona win easily at Leganes, Atletico thrash Sporting in La Liga
Neymar celebrates a goal with team-mate Luis Suarez.PHOTO: REUTERS
Sep 18, 2016, 11:08 am SGT
http://str.sg/4GmZ
BARCELONA (REUTERS) - Barcelona's attacking trio of Lionel Messi, Luis Suarez and Neymar were all on target as the champions roared back into life in the Spanish Primera Liga by thrashing promoted Leganes 5-1 away on Saturday, while Atletico Madrid thumped visitors Sporting Gijon 5-0.
Atletico strikers Antoine Griezmann, Fernando Torres and Kevin Gameiro all found the net as Diego Simeone's side warmed up for next Wednesday's visit to the Nou Camp.
Elsewhere, Las Palmas maintained their excellent start to the campaign by beating Malaga 1-0, and Sevilla's 15-month wait for an away victory continued after they were held to a 1-1 draw at nine-man Eibar.
Messi sidefooted in a simple cross from Suarez to strike the opening goal for Barca after 15 minutes and returned the favour for the Uruguayan to nudge in the second in the 31st.
Neymar stretched Barca's lead to three goals on the stroke of half-time, tapping in another lay off from Suarez, before Messi got his second from the penalty spot 10 minutes into the second half.
Rafinha rounded off the most comfortable of Barca victories with a curled finish in the 64th minute, although Gabriel Appelt salvaged a goal for the Madrid minnows in the 80th with a free kick whipped into the top corner.
Barcelona, beaten 2-1 by newcomers Alaves last weekend in their first loss at the Nou Camp since April 17, now have nine points from their first four La Liga games. They join Real Madrid, who can go clear again when they play at Espanyol on Sunday, and Las Palmas at the league's summit, while Atletico are one point behind.
"This is an important victory against a team that we knew would cause us problems in bringing the ball out. We exploited the space well and we were very active from the start," said coach Luis Enrique.
After squad rotations backfired against Alaves, Enrique picked a similar team to the one that battered Celtic 7-0 in the Champions League on Tuesday in Barca's biggest-ever win in European football's top competition.
Atletico kick-started their league campaign last week with a 4-0 win at Celta Vigo and raced out of the traps against Sporting, Gameiro feeding Griezmann to tap in the opener in the second minute before curling in another in the fifth.
Griezmann then cut inside to lash in the third goal in the 31st before being replaced by Torres, and the homegrown Atletico hero further delighted the Vicente Calderon by rounding off the victory with two late strikes, including an injury-time penalty.
"We knew we were doing the right things to score goals," Torres told BeIN Sports after a rewarding afternoon for Atletico's strikeforce.
"It's good that all the forwards contributed with the goals and that I could do that from the bench. It's never a good time to visit Barcelona but now we can go there feeling confident."
Las Palmas surrendered their 100 per cent record last week by losing 2-1 at Sevilla with two late strikes but got back to winning ways with a narrow win over Malaga, courtesy of midfielder Momo's penalty in the ninth minute.
At Eibar, Luciano Vietto scored his third goal in four games to put Sevilla ahead in the 27th minute and the Europa League holders looked on course for a first away win since May 23, 2015 when the hosts' goalkeeper Yoel was sent off in the 45th minute.
Former Real Madrid midfielder Pedro Leon, however, levelled midway through the second half from close range to extend Sevilla's search for that elusive away win, while Eibar midfielder Dani Garcia was also given a straight red card late on.


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The Troubling Reason Why These Rare, Beautiful Lynxes Are Dying Off
The big cats' snowshoe hare prey is disappearing, but climate change poses the biggest threat to the endangered predator.
(Photo: Daniel J Cox/Getty Images)
Jan 22, 2015· 2 MIN READ
John R. Platt covers the environment, wildlife, and technology and for TakePart, Scientific American, Audubon, and other publications.
The elusive and rarely seen Canada lynx is in trouble.
No one knows exactly how many of the distinctive big cats remain in the United States, but all signs point to the fact that their population is shrinking while their habitats have become fragmented.
That has prompted efforts to secure greater protection for Canada lynx. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service last week kicked off a review of the species, the first since it was listed as threatened, one step below endangered, in the year 2000.
"By comparing historical and recent lynx records, we know that they're now scarce in regions where they used to be more common," said Kylie Paul, Rockies and Plains representative for Defenders of Wildlife, who has spent the past several years working to preserve the species. "Now they're holed up in a few major regions across the northern part of the country." That includes populations in Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, Washington, Minnesota, and a few New England states.
One area where lynx appear to be on the decline is Maine, which just five years ago was home to an estimated 750 to 1,000 of the cats. Today, that number is probably closer to 500, according to FWS. The Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife sticks to the higher estimate.
No matter which is correct, "they are expected to decline," Paul noted, pointing out that the population expanded in the late 1990s after clear-cutting and fire-suppression techniques created more habitat for snowshoe hares, the lynx's primary prey. Changes in forestry methods have allowed trees to grow there once again, removing the low-height underbrush the hares need to thrive.
"As the forests grow, that's going lead to a decrease in both hares and lynx," she said.
Climate change will also pose problems for both species across their range in the future, as both the hares and the lynx are highly adapted for snowy conditions.
"Lynx need snow," Paul said. "They're fully adapted to a winter lifestyle, with a weight ratio that allows them to move quickly across snow."
Don't Call Me Extinct: 8 Animals That Came Back From the Brink
FWS estimates that based on current climate change models, the amount of snowy habitat for lynx in Maine and New Hampshire will almost completely disappear by the end of the century. Climate change was not even recognized as a threat to Canada lynx when the species was first protected 15 years ago.
The long-standing tradition of trap hunting in Maine could also pose a risk to lynx. More of the cats were caught in traps last year than in any year since 1999. In response, FWS and IFW adopted strict trapping rules in November. But two lynx died in traps almost immediately after the rules went into effect, forcing IFW to put even stricter measures in place and ban almost all trapping in the state's North Woods.
Sportsmen immediately objected to the rules, with one writer accusing FWS of having an "anti-trapping agenda." The Maine Trappers Association did not respond to requests for comment.
Paul said she hopes the FWS review period will inspire people to think about Canada lynx.
"They've suffered from a lack of public awareness," she said. "They lack some of the love that wolves and grizzlies and wolverines have been getting recently. If we can encourage people to take the lynx into their hearts and minds, then hopefully we can get them recovered over time."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Through history, the children develop an understanding of chronology, change and development in Britain's past and the history of other parts of the world. Pupils use a range of sources of information, e.g. documents, artefacts, visiting theatre groups, field trips etc to help them select information about major events and personalities and the ways of life of people at different levels of society. Children are given opportunities to communicate their knowledge and understanding through written work, artwork, discussion and role-play.
Topics taught include the Egyptians, the Romans, Mayans, Prehistoric Britain, Anglo-Saxons, Vikings, Ancient Greece, local history and World War 2.


All This Data and Now What?
So you have been diligent about watching and tracking information about your website. You have a good idea of the number of visitors to your website, bounce rates, where they came from, what keywords are drawing better than others, even seasonality. You may have even have tracked how people utilize your website with a heat mapping tool. Now what?
There are infinite amounts of data that we can and should collect about the how people come to our sites and what they do once they get there. But it can be easy to get information overload and become sort of paralyzed by the data. It can be difficult to make sense of it all and have confidence on what direction to take and how to move forward.
A strategic minded SEO can help you analyze the information and make certain observations and recommendations based on the data. A clear path is not always evident right away. It is quite normal to have several options and ways to improve the performance of your website from a usability and search ranking stand point.
Ultimately it will be your target customers who will make the right path clear. Classic A/B testing is an effective way to find out what your customers prefer. Let's say you are trying to determine the best way to get people to fill out a form on your website. Create two different versions and then test one against the other to see what has the highest conversion.
It is important to make significant changes one at a time or it will be nearly impossible to determine which change lead to improved results.
Making improvements to your website is a constant evolution and has no end. All the tracking and data gathering you have put in place will be invaluable to determine any positive impact you may be creating by the changes you are making. So keep gathering, make significant changes one at a time and test, test, test. Be sure to visit our blog for more best practices suggestions.


Another day, another dollar. I just returned from another tradeshow, Surf Expo in Orlando, FL. This is a retailer buying show much like Outdoor Retailer that I reported about a few weeks ago for my job at Sierra Trading Post. Surf Expo incorporates everything in the watersports recreation industry. The show had everything on display from touristy souvenirs and resort swimwear to wakeboards and stand up paddle boards. The show is a fraction of the size of OR, but still boasts filling the main hall of the Orange County Convention Center! My main goals for attending Surf Expo were to touch base with the vendors we already work with and prospect for new vendors and relationships in the wake, skate, surf and lifestyle clothing categories. Overall the show was a success and there is much work to be done in the office now to close deals and order new product.
Connelly and O'Brien are two of our larger watersports brands, they makeup the bulk of our hardgoods offerings. Tube towables, wakeboards, tow ropes, etc. are all hardgoods that we offer our customers and I saw plenty of innovative designs at the show. They are implementing rocker and new fin combinations to make carving easier and allow for softer landings. Connelly and O'Brien are both front runners when it comes to high end wakeboards and innovative towable tube designs. Both of their factory sponsored teams throw down sick tricks at competitions to earn high praise for both themselves and the brands they represent. These competitions take place on lakes and in cable parks. Cable parks are basically small man made lakes or ponds that have cable systems running around and across the water. These cables pull tow ropes around the park and wakeboarders can grab on and make their runs. Think of a ski resort terrain park and then picture cables running around. Same idea. These competitions even take place indoors at expos and tradeshows like Surf Expo. Check out the video below of one such competition at Surf Expo.
While the wake and lifestyle apparel brands were the main focus of the show there were optics, surf and stand up paddle brands all represented at Surf Expo. I met with our contacts at both Native and Costa Del Mar just to touch base and say hello. I also swung by Fox Optics and Von Zipper to see if there would be opportunities to work with them as well. While it was good to see old friends and check out some new optics brands there are a couple categories that STP has nothing to do with...yet. These both include surf hardgoods and stand up paddle. After contacting SurfTech and other surf brands and talking to SUP Love and other SUP brands I am confident that there are opportunities for STP to start working in these categories. At STP we have always tried to predict market trends and react to our vendor's needs when it comes to moving excess inventory. We always strive to focus on our customers wants and their overall interests and we believe that these surf, wake and lifestyle brands will all build STP as a company and grow our customer base and customer loyalty. We have always had the best brands at the best prices, in every category, and always will.
Guys in suits on SUP's. Gotta love Surf Expo.
These surf, skate and paddle categories are all growth categories for Sierra Trading Post and I have been working especially hard to bring some new brands to our customers. In the wake hardgoods category I have been focusing on pulling in brands like Hyperlite and Liquid Force and had many meetings with a number of different brands. I met with Sales Managers and Vice Presidents while on this trip and every conversation was promising. Whether it was sitting down with Von Zipper and looking at opportunities for sunglasses and goggles or lifestyle apparel from RVCA and Vans, the trip went very well. Some new brands that have started with STP include O'Neill and we have product that will be going up for sale soon. We are hoping to have other brands including Billabong and Hurley up soon as well. Stay tuned to Sierra Trading Post as new categories and fresh product crop up.


text:
Q: Reset MySQL / MariaDB password on OSX I have installed MariaDB via Homebrew after following this guide. It has been working fine, however today the root password has expired and I cannot seem to reset it with any of the —skip-grant-tables —skip-networking type options.
So far I have tried:
brew services stop mariadb
mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking
mysql_secure_installation

also tried
mysql_secure_installation --connect-expired-password

Which gives me:
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):
/usr/local/Cellar/mariadb/10.3.13_1/bin/mysql: unknown option '--connect-expired-password'
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] Y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
/usr/local/Cellar/mariadb/10.3.13_1/bin/mysql: unknown option '--connect-expired-password'
Password update failed!
Cleaning up...

I've also added:
[mysqld]
default_password_lifetime=0
skip-grant-tables

to /usr/local/etc/my.cnf
Still doesn't let me update the root password with the above commands.
Brew doctor comes back clean and I'm running out of things to try.

A: Ended up running /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p password and set a new password.

A: Log in
mysql -uroot

Then do
set password = password("your_password");

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


2 bedroom apartment in the complex Malvasía in Llano del Camello.
Beautiful 2 bedroom apartment in the complex Malvasía in Llano del Camello.The apartment is in very good condition and consists of 2 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms ( one en suite), an open American style kitchen - fully equipped . A lounge with access to the balcony. Private parking space and a storage room of 16m2 are included in the price. For sale partly furnished. Community pool and park for children. A great opportunity as an investment to rent out.


text:
Single White Female
Single White Female benefits from a pair of outstanding leads, neither of whom are well served by a storyline that wavers between thrillingly tense and utterly ridiculous.
User Ratings: 39,066
Single White Female Ratings & Reviews Explanation
Single White Female Videos
Single White Female: Official Clip - Don't Make Me Leave You
Single White Female: Official Clip - I've Been Worried Sick
Single White Female: Official Clip - Bad Timing
Single White Female: Official Clip - I'm Like You Now
Single White Female: Official Clip - Don't Make Me Come Get You
Single White Female: Official Clip - Death by Stiletto
Single White Female: Official Clip - Killer Heels
Single White Female: Official Clip - Hedy's Makeover
Single White Female Photos
After advertising for a new roommate, Allison finds herself living with Hedra, an initially shy woman who soon exhibits strange, obsessive behavior in this psychological thriller. When Allison realizes that her new roommate is attempting to steal her identity, she pulls away, driving Hedra to dangerous levels of dementia.
R (N/A)
Don Roos
as Allison Jones
as Hedra Carlson
as Sam Rawson
Peter Friedman
as Graham Knox
Stephen Tobolowsky
as Mitchell Myerson
as Elderly Neighbor
Michele Farr
as Myerson's Assistant
Tara Karsian
as Mannish Applicant
Christiana Capetillo
as Exotic Applicant
as Talkative Applicant
Renee Estevez
as Perfect Applicant
Tiffany Mataras
as Twin
Krystle Mataras
Amelia Campbell
as Check Cashier
Kenneth Tobey
as Desk Clerk
Ken Tobey
Eric Poppick
as Nosy Neighbor
Kim Sykes
as TV Reporter
Michael James Collins
as Cashier Manager
George Gerdes
as Super
Jerry Mayer
as News Vendor
Robert Steinberg
as Hedy's Date
Leslie A. Sank
as Woman in Club
Ron Athey
as Bartender
Kaaren Boothroyd
as Bookstore Customer
as Man in Cage
News & Interviews for Single White Female
Delicious Twin Peaks Teaser, Fargo Adds Season 3 Cast, Netflix Eyes Norman Lear Classics, and Other TV News
The Weekly Ketchup: "Spider-Man 3" Teasers, "Pirates 3" Pics And Rumors, "Transformers" Images, And More!
In Other News…Wedding Bells, Part II: Jennifer Jason Leigh & Noah Baumbach
Critic Reviews for Single White Female
The formula betrays the fine work of Leigh and Fonda, whose characters are much too interesting to find themselves stranded in a tony but ultimately tired slasher movie.
There's something dehumanizing about 90s horror thrillers that all but defeats the film's impulses toward seriousness; no matter how much the filmmakers work to make the characters real, the genre contrives to turn them into functions and props.
Despite excellent lead performances and numerous memorable scenes, this still feels like two different movies in one.
Todd McCarthy
If his two leads are adequate to the slick mechanisms of a formulaic thriller, neither they nor Don Roos' script (based on the novel by John Lutz) offer any original insights into insatiable emotional dependence.
Derek Adams
The film is smooth, entertaining and believably sophisticated. It has far more sound psychological underpinnings than other movies of its type.
May 20, 2003 | Rating: 3.5/5
Schroeder goes through the motions -- the movie is elegantly made -- but this synthetic Hollywood package panders shamelessly to the baser instincts.
Intense, sexual, violent tale of worst roommate ever.
Jan 9, 2020 | Rating: 2/5 | Full Review…
Barbara Shulgasser
Ultimately goes easy on the psychological character studies and heavy on the slasher-film stylistics.
Film Frenzy
Single White Female is a B-movie, yet it's a beautifully-made one that puts an emphasis on tone.
Mike McGranaghan
Aisle Seat
I mean, if you're going to make the kind of movie where someone gets killed by being stabbed in the eye with a stiletto, just make the kind of movie where someone gets killed by being stabbed in the eye with a stiletto already.
Nov 27, 2018 | Full Review…
David Bax
A solid psychological thriller, despite its warts and clumsy climax...
Felix Vasquez Jr.
...a thoroughly erratic early-'90s thriller.
Oct 3, 2018 | Rating: 2.5/4 | Full Review…
David Nusair
Reel Film Reviews
Audience Reviews for Single White Female
Though nothing special, this is an efficient thriller with the kind of subject that could have actually been made into a better movie had it played as a psychological drama. Still, It is nice to see that Schroeder manages to make it seem real enough despite its most ludicrous moments.
I watched this on a whim because I had heard of it a few times and I had nothing else to really do. Acting/characters: Far and away the best performance in this film is Jennifer Jason Leigh as the new roommate that Bridget Fonda gets. She does a spectacular job treading the line between a helpless, needy, fragile person and a downright psychopath. As the movie progresses Leigh's desperate insanity gets more and more over-the-top but still believable. It can be tiresome but it is generally excellent. One thing that I had a problem with, is that the filmmakers wanted us to feel very sorry for Leigh and for the most part we did. But there are one or two things that she does that go a bit far. The puppy. That thing. It was gonna happen but still, as an audience member you lose a lot of ability to feel sorry for a character that does something like that. Fonda does a good job too as the character that the audience would have to relate to (God help the people who relate to Leigh more) but she is definitely overshadowed by Leigh. Also, I know a lot of people discuss how Fonda's character is kind of a jerk. Looking at their complaints I can see why. she pretty much uses Leigh for a bit of emotional support but then when she doesn't need her any more she just discards her in favor of her cheating boyfriend. There are a few other characters in the film who do an alright job, but they are less important as the film is pretty much dominated by the interactions of the two female leads and I think that it works very well here. The performances weren't perfect but they were very good. 9/10 Plot: It is one of the original 'insane roommate' movies. It is the movie that The Roommate is based off of. Now I haven't seen any other movies like this so I can't really compare, but I think that this one was really good. My biggest problem with the plot was that by the end, I had lost a little interest because I was starting to feel the running time. The film clocks in at just under 2 hours but I feel that they could have shortened it and still have made it just as good. Aside from the fact that it felt a bit long, it was a really well done story that was fascinating at the same time that it was absolutely heartbreaking and still at the same time it was horrifying. It could be very lighthearted at moments and you wanted everything to work out in the end with everybody. But it didn't. It took some very dark turns. In a good way though. The dark turns didn't turn me off to the film but they made where everything was going next more interesting. 8/10 Screenplay: I think it was alright. Seeing as how the film wasn't incredibly violent and most scenes were between the two leads (and also pretty much confined to one space most of the time) the relationship of the characters relied very much on the dialogue. Behind almost every great screen relationship there is good dialogue to go with it and I think that the film succeeded with that for the most part. it wasn't perfect but it was pretty good overall and I liked the scenes where the two leads are talking and Leigh's dark side starts to slip out while still managing to make her desperate. it was alright. 7.5/10 Likableness: Despite some flaws here and there and the fact that it can feel too long, I enjoyed it for the most part. it was a pretty decent film. The performances of the two leads, particularly Leigh, are really good and it was great to see where the film goes as Leigh gets more and more desperately insane. I would suggest it to anyone who likes a good suspense/identity crisis film. It isn't a perfect movie but I think it is a very entertaining one capped off by a couple of really good performances. I wouldn't mind watching it again. In fact, looking at the rating, I'd say it's underrated a little. But I thought it was pretty good. 8/10 Final Score: 32.5/40 81% (N) Tomatometer rating: 55% Tomatometer rating if my review was added: 56% TRIVIA TIME: 1. Like most old apartment buildings the building in this movie does not contain a floor 13. You can see the floor numbers on the elevator in a couple shots. 2. The Ansonia on the Upper West Side of Manhattan was used for the apartment building. The interiors were shot on a sound stage but the scenes in the stairwells were shot at The Ansonia. 3. Bridget Fonda had the choice of playing either the Allie role or the Hedy role. She ended up choosing to play Allie, because she said it was a harder role.
Lord N Super Reviewer
So so movie & I hate when animals die in movies.
Cassie H Super Reviewer
There are many conventions in this film that make it really great as a thriller, and a good horror film. Many things about this film reminded me of 2009's "Orphan" mostly because of the main antagonist's shady past, her connections to a horrible childhood, and trying to seduce all the men around her. Jennifer Jason Leigh has never been creepier or more anally retentive than she is opposite Fonda. Both women are very strong choices for this film, and give stellar performances. What really takes away from this dynamic are the steamy scenes that pander. Nudity, seduction, and over-the-top scenes bring this film very close to B-movie. The ending is even annoyingly underwhelming and anti-climactic, for a story that is so built up throughout, and dramatic at every turn. The premise was interesting, but some of the directorial decisions and parts of the script really took away from the tension.
Spencer S Super Reviewer
Single White Female Quotes
Mitchell Myerson: Black leather gloves means more than murdr, her hands are cold!


text:
Q: Fields values reordering while implementing JsValue conversion with Shapeless I try to implement some simple conversion to/from "JsValue" ( from play framework library) using "shapeless", as the beginning of my acquaintance with it. I know that such a thing is realized in a spray-json-shapeless library to work with sparay-json.
As I can see encoding goes well, but I got a problem with decoding.
This is my test:
"json de/serialization for N fields case class" should {

"work as expected" in {
   val nFields = NFields(1, 2.3, "test", true, 3)

   val jsValue = JsonEncoder[NFields].encode(nFields)

   val result = JsonDecoder[NFields].decode(jsValue)

   println(result.toString)

   result must equal(nFields)

}
}
After encoding object to JsValue I get the correct JsObject like this: {JsObject@1686}{"f1":1,"f2":2.3,"f3":"test","f4":true,"f5":3} but after decoding, the result object is NFields(1,3.0,test,true,2) so the value of field "f2: Double" "2.3" falls into place of field "f5: Int" as "2" and the value of field "f5: Int" "3" falls into place of field "f2: Double" as "3.0" and of course test fails with "NFields(1,3.0,test,true,2) did not equal NFields(1,2.3,test,true,3)".
My Hlist decoder:
implicit def hlistDecoder[K <: Symbol, H, T <: HList](
       implicit
       key: Witness.Aux[K],
       hDecoder: Lazy[JsonDecoder[H]],
       tDecoder: JsonDecoder[T]): JsonDecoder[FieldType[K,H] :: T] =
       createInstance{
           case obj: JsObject =>
               val value= obj.value
               field[K](hDecoder.value.decode(value.head._2)) :: tDecoder.decode(JsObject(obj.value.tail))
       }

and Generic decoder:
implicit def genericDecoder[A, R](
   implicit
   gen: LabelledGeneric.Aux[A, R],
   dec: Lazy[JsonDecoder[R]]
): JsonDecoder[A] = createInstance(a => gen.from(dec.value.decode(a)))

Where is the problem? Any hints appreciated! Thanks in advance.


At any installation works with a fuel tank observe the following instructions.
(For example fuel, an absorber with absorbent carbon, vacuum hoses), and also electric wires it is necessary to lay lines of all types how they were laid initially.
Check durability of fastening of a wire of weight between a mouth of a fuel tank and a body for protection against the electrostatic category.
With a view of safety before depressurization of a power supply system it is necessary to remove safety locks 13 and 14 from a block of safety locks as the fuel pump can be involved at operation of the contact switch of a driver's door.
Safety locks 13 and 14 are in a block of safety locks in the switching block, in the left part of a water taking away box.
Toplivoprovod is under pressure. to avoid traumas and hit on skin, put on goggles and gloves. Before separation of hoses wrap up a junction rags. Then dump pressure, accurately weakening connection.
Before the beginning of works near an assembly opening of a fuel tank follows establish an exhaust hose of the included installation of an extract of OG. If exhaust installation for removal of OG is absent, it is possible to apply the centrifugal fan (the engine should settle down away from an air stream) with productivity of 15 m3 / h.


text:
MITIGATING TURBULENCE WITH CRM
CAUSES OF TURBULENCE:
CLASIFICATION OF TURBULENCE:
THERE ARE FOUR CLASSIFICATION:-
A PILOTS EXPLANATION
INCIDENTS:
CRM MITIGATING FACTORS:
METHODS USED:
PREFLIGHT:
DETECTION:
Turbulence is caused by air movement that is often invisible and unexpected. FAA guidelines require the use of seatbelts during takeoff and landing, while taxiing on the ground and whenever to the seat belts signs are on as a way to ensure safety against turbulence.
Statistics have shown that:
turbulence is the major cause of injuries in non fatal accidents.
around 58 people are injured annually by turbulence while not wearing seatbelts
for the period of 1980 to 2004, there were 234 turbulence accidents – 298 injuries and 4 deaths
most of the accidents occur above 30000 feet.
atmospheric pressure changes - sudden changes in wind and temperature causes changes in the density of the air, creating turbulence
jet streams - turbulence is usually found where there is a break in the jet stream due to the lowering or raising of the tropopause, on the colder side
mountain waves
thunderstorms - turbulence is usually associated with the convection activity, up draught and downdraught
cold/warm fronts
Light: slight changes to attitude and/or altitude
Moderate: variations in speed, altitude and altitude occur but the aircraft is remains in control
Severe: large changes and variation of speed, altitude and altitude. There may be period where control of the aircraft is impossible. Damage of aircraft structure may occur.
Extreme: prolonged expose can lead to loss of control and is capable of damaging the aircraft.
It is good to note that the severity of the PIREP issued depends on not only the severity of the turbulence but the size of the aircraft as well. Therefore, a report of light turbulence for a wide bodied jet may be more severe for a lighter jet.
(Video embedded from YouTube on 18 september 2010)
United Flight 967, a Boeing 777, carrying 298 passenger and 10 crewmembers hit turbulence overhead Kansas. The flight was from Dulles International Airport to Los Angeles. They encountered "severe turbulence" leaving 30 passenger injured. The flight diverted to Denver.
The avoidance and mitigation of the effects of turbulence encompasses all the CRM skills required of pilots. It requires the usage of judgement, situational awareness, sound decision making, good teamwork with the flight crew and the cabin crew and good communication.
Obtain all pertinent documents, sigmet weather forecast and charts, satellite photos, turbulence charts and reports (PIREPS). This would help increase one's situational awareness of the areas of turbulence.
Re routing the flight plan around known / forecasted areas of turbulence or weather systems. Flight plans can sometimes be defaulted to the most optimum and effecient routes. By actively intervening and rerouting, areas of turbulence can be circumnavigated.
Establish communication and coordination with all crewmembers. Briefing the cabin crew on the weather conditions, duration, location and precautions to be taken. This allows all crewmembers to be aware of the areas of turbulence, especially the cabin crew who may be conducting service during the periods of turbulence.
Continuous tracking and updating of potential areas of forecasted enroute turbulence areas. Always being vigilant to the possibility of Clear Air Turbulence.
Making PIREPS to inform ATC of turbulence encountered.
Obtaining PIREPS and ride reports from ATC.
Correct use of weather radar tilt and management.
Continuous communication between the flight deck and the cabin to keep the cabin crew abreast of the flight.
Early PA's to facilitate the suspension of service. This facilitates the time required to secure the cabin in anticipation of turbulence.
Use of seat belts sign. This allows the cabin crew members and the passengers sufficient time to return to their seats.
Avoid any convective weather activity enroute by at least 20 nautical miles
Understanding that if the seat belt sign are left on for a prolonged period of time, it loses it effectiveness for passengers and cabin crew. Use the seat belt sign judiciously.
Timely notification of anticipated turbulence if possible. This would help facilitate the time required to for the cabin crew to prepare the cabin and allow passenger to return to their seats.
Timely Passenger Announcements
1. Turbulence. Retrieved 18 September 2010, from http://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/Turbulence.
2. Turbulence, Staying Safe. (August 2009). Retrieved 18 september 2010, from http://www.faa.gov/passengers/fly_safe/turbulence/.
3. LEVIN Alan (2010). Turbulence a top cause of midair injuries.USA Today 2010-07-22. Retrieved 18 September 2010, from http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2010-07-22-turbulence22_ST_N.htm.
Sybrary: http://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/Turbulence
FAA: http://www.faa.gov/passengers/fly_safe/turbulence/.
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text:
Postponement of outdoor mass participation events
Vitality News
< Back to Vitality at Home
In light of restrictions on social gatherings and COVID-19, the Vitality Run Series, parkrun and myrun events have been postponed until further notice.
We know how much you love our fitness initiatives around community running and keeping active. However, the science around COVID-19 has proven that social distancing can help contain the spread of the virus.
As per the President's briefing and the Athletics Association of South Africa restricting public gatherings, including race events; the Vitality Run Series, parkrun and myrun events are postponed until further notice. This includes:
21st March: The Tyger Run/Walk with Vitality (CT)
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Saturdays: parkrun
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The health and safety of our participants, volunteers and race organisers comes first, and we encourage all South Africans to fully understand the facts about the COVID-19 outbreak. We have created a regularly updated Information Hub, accessible to the public on our. Discovery website.
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At less than half the price per kg as our smaller tubs, get these bulk buckets while you can!
THIS PRODUCT WILL NOT BE POSTED, IF YOU ORDER ONE FOR POSTAGE YOU WILL BE REFUNDED. Blame $40 postage prices to QLD and WA for this!
Directions: Sprinkle on dry carpet. Leave for 10 - 15 minutes. Vacuum out. You can also add a few teaspoons to your mop bucket, or a spray bottle full of water, and clean your entire house with it!


text:
\section{Introduction}
In \cite{Newman}, the present author defines $T_d(G)$ for $d \geq 2$ and $G$ a finite abelian group to be the smallest integer $n$ so that there exists a $d$-dimensional simplicial complex $X$ on $n$ vertices with the torsion part of $H_{d - 1}(X)$ (denoted $H_{d - 1}(X)_T$) isomorphic to $G$. The main result in \cite{Newman} is the upper bound in the following theorem. The lower bound was previously known due to \cite{Kalai}.
\begin{unnumtheorem}[Theorem 1.1 from \cite{Newman}]For every fixed $d \geq 2$, there exist constants $c_d$ and $C_d$ so that for any finite abelian group $G$, $$c_d(\log |G|)^{1/d} \leq T_d(G) \leq C_d(\log |G|)^{1/d}.$$
\end{unnumtheorem}

While the research direction leading to this result was motivated by experiments conducted in \cite{KLNP} examining the torison burst in random complexes, the result also says something about the number of homotopy types of simplicial complexes on $n$ vertices. Indeed, another formulation of this result is that for every $d \geq 2$, there exists a constant $C_d$ so that for every $n$, \emph{every} abelian group $G$ of size at most $\exp(n^d/C_d^d)$ is realizable as the torsion subgroup of the $(d - 1)$st homology group for some simplicial complex on $n$ vertices. If we let $h(n, d)$ for $n, d \in \N$ denote the number of $d$-dimensional simplicial complexes on $n$ vertices up to homotopy type, the bound on $T_d(G)$ implies that $h(n, d) \geq \exp(n^d/C_d^d)$. Therefore if $h(n)$ denotes the number of homotopy types of simplicial complexes on $n$ vertices without restriction on the dimension, then we have that $\log h(n)$ grows faster than any polynomial in $n$. Thus it becomes natural to ask how much faster.

Of course there is an obvious upper bound on $h(n)$. In particular, $h(n) \leq 2^{2^n}$ since this bounds the number of labeled simplicial complexes on $n$ vertices. An improved upper bound comes from the $n$th Dedekind number $M(n)$ which counts exactly the number of labeled simplicial complexes on $n$ vertices and \cite{KM} shows that $\log M(n) \leq (1 + o(1)) \binom{n}{\lfloor n/2 \rfloor}$.

The question of the number of homotopy types of simplicial complexes on $n$ vertices appears on MathOverflow as a question of Vidit Nanda \cite{Nanda}, where Gil Kalai conjectures \cite{KalaiMO} that the number of homotopy types of simplicial complexes on $n$ vertices is doubly exponential in $n$. Here we modify the argument from \cite{Newman} to give the following lower bound on $h(n)$ to show that this is the case.
\begin{theorem}\label{thm:main}
For $n$ large enough, $h(n) \geq 2^{2^{0.02n}}$.
\end{theorem}

We point out that the approach of examining which torsion groups can appear in homology is better than the best lower bound one could hope for by counting, say the possible sequence of Betti numbers.  Indeed if $X$ is a simplicial complex on $n$ vertices then for all $0 \leq i < n$, $$\beta_i(X) \leq \binom{n}{i + 1} \leq 2^n,$$ and $\beta_i = 0$ for $i \geq n $. Thus the number of possible sequences of Betti numbers for a simplicial complex on $n$ vertices is upper bounded by $2^{n^2}$.

Unfortunatey, we cannot directly apply the main result of \cite{Newman}, as the upper bound constant $C_d$ is too large, directly from the proof of the result itself, it is exponential in $d$. Indeed even going through the argument in \cite{Newman} more carefully still gives a constant $C_d$ that is $\Theta(d^7)$ and here we need a constant $C_d$ which grows linearly in $d$. Such a bound can be obtained in general, however this requires going though the entire argument from \cite{Newman} and improving the constants in several place in ways that are not particularly interesting in general. To more efficiently prove the main result here, we restrict to a special case. Namely, we consider abelian 2-groups rather than general finite abelian groups and prove the following.

\begin{theorem}\label{thm:2torsionTheorem}
For $d$ large enough and $G$ an abelian group of order $2^{2^d}$ there exists a simplicial complex $X$ on $25d$ vertices of dimension $d$ with $H_{d - 1}(X)_T \cong G$.
\end{theorem}
\begin{proof}[Proof of Theorem \ref{thm:main} from Theorem \ref{thm:2torsionTheorem}]
It is well known that for $m \in \N$ the number of nonisomorphic abelian groups of order $m$ is given by $\pi(e_1) \pi(e_2) \cdots \pi(e_k)$ where $m = p_1^{e_1}p_2^{e_2} \cdots p_k^{e_k}$ is the prime factorization of $m$ and $\pi$ is the partition counting function. Therefore, for any $d$, the number of abelian groups of order $2^{2^d}$ is given by $\pi(2^d)$. A result of Hardy and Ramanujan \cite{HardyRamanujan} gives the asymptotic rate of growth for $\pi(\cdot)$, and here gives that $\log_2(\pi(2^d))$ is asymptotic to $C 2^{d/2}$ where $C > 1$ is an explicit constant. Therefore for $d$ large enough there are at least $2^{2^{d/2}}$ abelian groups of order $2^{2^d}$ and each of them may appear a $H_{d - 1}(X)_T$ for some simplicial complex $X$ on $25d$ vertices. Thus for $n$ large enough, there are at least $2^{2^{n/50}}$, $(n/25)$-dimensional complexes on $n$ vertices which each have a unique group of order $2^{2^{n/25}}$ as the torsion part of the codimension 1 homology group.
\end{proof}

Note that in the proof above and elsewhere below above we implicitly treat certain real numbers as integers; to simplify the notation we suppress floor and ceiling symbols.

\section{Construction of simplicial complexes with prescribed torsion in homology}
Here we briefly review the proof of the main result of \cite{Newman}. We will modify certain parts of this proof in the proof of Theorem 2, but the idea is the same. There are two steps to the proof in \cite{Newman}, for fixed $d$ the two steps are:
\begin{enumerate}
\item Show that for every $d \geq 2$ and every abelian group $G$ there exists a $d$-dimensional simplicial complex $X = X(G)$ on $O_d(\log |G|)$ vertices whose 1-skeleton has maximum degree $O_d(1)$ and $H_{d - 1}(X)_T \cong G$. This is accomplished via an explicit construction.

\item Given $G$ build the initial construction $X$ from Step 1. Using the probabilistic method, in particular the Lov\'{a}sz Local Lemma, find a proper coloring $c$ of the vertices of $X$ having at most $O_d(\sqrt[d]{|V(X)|})$ colors so that no two $(d - 1)$-dimensional faces of $X$ receive the exact same set of colors on their vertices. The ``final construction" denoted $(X, c)$ is a quotient of $X$ determined by the coloring $c$ and proves the upper bound in the theorem.
\end{enumerate}

The initial construction here will remain the same, though we restrict to the case of abelian 2-groups. In general the initial construction is call a sphere-and-telescope construction. After a simple reduction to the case of cyclic groups, one builds $X$ so that $H_{d - 1}(X)_T = \Z/m\Z$ via a repeated squares presentations. Suppose that $m = 2^{n_0} + \cdots + 2^{n_k}$, then $\Z/m\Z$ is given by the abelian group presentation $\langle a_1, a_2, ..., a_{n_k} \mid 2a_1 = a_2, 2a_2 = a_3, ..., 2a_{n_k - 1} = a_{n_k}, a_{n_0} + a_{n_1} + \cdots + a_{n_k} = 0 \rangle.$ The ``telescope" portion of the construction gives the relators $2a_i = a_{i + 1}$, with the ``sphere" (or more precisely punctured sphere) portion of the construction giving the last relator. Thus for powers of 2, we only need the telescope portion making the initial construction easier to describe.

For the final construction $(X, c)$ is given as a quotient of $X$ by the following definition.
\begin{definition}[Definition 2.2 from \cite{Newman}]
If $X$ is a simplicial complex with a coloring $c$ of $V(X)$ we define the \emph{pattern} of a face to be the multiset of colors on its vertices. If $c$ is a proper coloring, in the sense that no two vertices connected by an edge receive the same color, we define the \emph{pattern complex} $(X, c)$ to be the simplicial complex on the set of colors of $c$ so that a subset $S$ of the colors of $c$ is a face of $(X, c)$ if and only if there is a face of $X$ with $S$ as its pattern.
\end{definition}
Now, if $X$ is $d$-dimensional and $c$ gives a unique pattern to every $(d - 1)$ dimensional face of $X$, then the torsion part of $H_{d - 1}(X)$ is the same as that of $H_{d - 1}((X, c))$. This appears as Lemma 2.3 in \cite{Newman}. This is why the second step, accomplished via the probabilistic method, is to prove that such a coloring exists.

\section{Proof of Theorem \ref{thm:2torsionTheorem}}
For \cite{Newman}, it sufficed to have constants in the statements and proofs that depended on $d$, without actually computing those constants. In the present situation, we need to understand how these constants depend on $d$. Since we have a different focus here we don't worry about obtaining a constant $C_d$ that is linear in $d$ in general, rather opting for the special case of abelian 2-groups. Moreover for 2-groups the deterministic part of the construction is the same as in \cite{Newman}, the probabilistic coloring part still uses the Lov\'{a}sz Local Lemma but in a different way than in \cite{Newman}. Thus we begin with the probabilistic step.

To state the coloring lemma we reintroduce some notation from \cite{Newman}. If $X$ is a simplicial complex, we denote by $\skel_i(X)$ the set of $i$-dimensional faces of $X$ and for nonnegative integers $i$ and $j$, we denote by $\Delta_{i, j}(X)$ the maximum of degree of an $i$-dimensional face in $j$-dimensional faces. That is
\[\Delta_{i, j}(X) = \max_{\sigma \in \skel_i(X)} |\{\tau \in \skel_j(X) \mid \sigma \subseteq \tau \}|.\]
\begin{lemma}\label{newcolor}
Let $X$ be a $d$-dimensional simplicial complex, for $d \geq 2$, on $n$ vertices with $\Delta_{0, d-1}(X) \leq L$ for some $L$. If there exists a proper coloring $c$ of the vertices of $X$ having at most $K$ colors so that no pair of intersecting $(d - 1)$-dimensional faces receive the same pattern by $c$ then there exists a second proper coloring $c'$ of $V(X)$ having at most $K(3eL^2n)^{1/d}$ colors so that no pair of $(d-1)$-dimensional faces of $X$ receive the same pattern by $c'$.
\end{lemma}

As in \cite{Newman}, we will make use of the Lov\'{a}sz Local Lemma which we state here as it appears in the symmetric case in \cite{AS}:
\begin{lovaszlemma}[\cite{EL}]
Let $A_1, A_2, ..., A_n$ be events in an arbitrary probability space. Suppose that each event $A_i$ is mutually independent of all the other events $A_j$ but at most $t$, and that $\Pr[A_i] \leq p$ for all $1 \leq i \leq n$. If $ep(t+1) \leq 1$ then $\Pr[\bigwedge_{i = 1}^n \overline{A_i}] > 0$
\end{lovaszlemma}

\begin{proof}[Proof of Lemma \ref{newcolor}]
Let $X$ be a simplicial complex colored by $c$ as described in the statement. For $c'$, which handles the disjoint $(d-1)$-dimensional faces, we will take the product of $c$ with a second coloring $c_2$ found using the Lov\'{a}sz Local Lemma by considering the random process of coloring every vertex independently from a set of $(3eL^2n)^{1/d}$ colors. Moreover, we will also use the fact that we have colored the vertices properly by $c$. For a vertex-disjoint pair of $(d-1)$-dimensional faces $(\sigma, \tau)$, let $A_{\sigma, \tau}$ be the event that $\sigma$ and $\tau$ receive the same pattern by the coloring $c' = (c, c_2)$. If $\sigma$ and $\tau$ receive different patterns by $c$, then $c_2$ is irrelevant to guaranteeing that they do not receive the same pattern by $c'$. Thus we only have to consider vertex-disjoint pairs $(\sigma, \tau)$ where $\sigma$ and $\tau$ receive the same pattern by $c$. Since $c$ is a proper coloring of $V(X^{(1)})$ we have that the identical colorings of $\sigma$ and $\tau$ induce a bijection $\varphi: V(\sigma) \rightarrow V(\tau)$ by sending each vertex in $\sigma$ to the unique vertex in $\tau$ that received the same coloring under $c$. Thus $\sigma$, $\tau$ receive the same pattern by $c'$ if and only if for every $v \in \sigma$, $c_2(v) = c_2(\varphi(v))$. For each $v$, this occurs with probability $(3eL^2n)^{-1/d}$. Thus for every vertex-disjoint pair $(\sigma, \tau)$ we have
$$\Pr(A_{\sigma, \tau}) \leq \dfrac{1}{((3eL^2n)^{1/d})^d} = \frac{1}{3eL^2n}$$
Now, we need to bound the number of $(\sigma', \tau')$ which have $A_{\sigma, \tau}$ not independent from $A_{\sigma', \tau'}$. This is bounded above by $2dL(Ln/d) = 2L^2 n$ (pick one of the at most $dL$ faces $\sigma'$ which share a vertex with $\sigma$, then pick any of the at-most $Ln/d$ faces for $\tau$ and  multiply by two since we may reverse the role of $\sigma$ and $\tau$). Now, we have
$$e \frac{1}{3eL^2n} (2L^2 n + 1) \leq 1,$$
so the Lov\'{a}sz Local Lemma applies. Thus there is a coloring $c_2$, so that the resulting product $c'$ of $c$ and $c_2$ has that no two $(d-1)$-dimensional faces receive the same pattern.
\end{proof}

Now we just need to find $K$, $L$, and $n$ from a colored initial construction in order to apply Lemma \ref{newcolor} to prove Theorem \ref{thm:2torsionTheorem}. We will prove the following theorem regarding the initial construction restricting to the case of 2-groups.

\begin{lemma}\label{initial}
Let $d \geq 2$ be an integer. Then for every abelian 2-group $G$ there exists a $d$-dimensional simplicial complex $X = X(G)$ with $H_{d - 1}(X)_T \cong G$ so that the following bounds hold:
\[|V(X)| \leq 2(d + 1) \log_2 |G| \]
and
\[\Delta_{0, (d - 1)}(X) \leq 2((2 + o_d(1))^dd)  \]
And moreover there exists a proper coloring of $V(X)$ using at most $3(d + 1)$ colors so that no pair of intersecting $(d - 1)$-dimensional faces receive the same pattern.
\end{lemma}

Before we prove this we will use it to prove Theorem \ref{thm:2torsionTheorem}.
\begin{proof}[Proof of Theorem \ref{thm:2torsionTheorem}]
Fix $d \geq 2$ and $G$ an abelian 2-group. We apply Lemma \ref{newcolor} to the initial construction $X$ for $G$ given by Lemma \ref{initial} with $K = 3(d + 1)$, $L = 2((2 + o_d(1))^dd)$, and $n \leq 2(d + 1) \log_2|G|$. Thus there exists a coloring of $X$ satisfying the conclusion of Lemma \ref{newcolor} having at most $$(3d + 3)(3e(2(2 + o_d(1))^d d)^2)^{1/d}(\log_2|G|)^{1/d}$$ colors. As $d$ tends to infinity, this approaches $3d(4 \log_2^{1/d}|G|) = 12d \log_2^{1/d}|G|$. Thus for $d$ large enough, the final construction for any $G$ with $|G| = 2^{2^d}$ will have at most $25d$ vertices.
\end{proof}

The full proof of Lemma \ref{initial} is omitted here as the construction is identical to the construction for the case of abelian 2-groups in \cite{Newman}. Instead we only describe the construction and its coloring. In doing so we prove every part of Lemma \ref{initial} except that the homology group is correct, but this should be believable from the description and the full details to verify the homology group are given in Section 3 of \cite{Newman}.

The first observation to prove Lemma \ref{initial} is that we may restrict to the case that $G$ is cyclic. Indeed, suppose that $G = \Z/(2^{e_1})\Z \oplus \Z/(2^{e_2})\Z \oplus \cdots \oplus \Z / (2^{e_l})\Z$ and we have Lemma \ref{initial} for cyclic groups. Then for each $e_i$ there exists $X_i$, $d$-dimensional colored by colors $\{1, ..., 3(d + 1)\}$ so that no intersecting pair of $(d - 1)$-dimensional faces receive the same pattern. And for each $i$, $H_{d - 1}(X_i) = \Z/(2^{e_i})\Z$, $\Delta_{0, (d - 1)}(X_i) \leq 2((2 + o_d(1))^dd)$ and $X_i$ has at most $2(d + 1)e_i$ vertices. Now taking $X$ to be the disjoint union of the $X_i$ (with the vertex colorings remaining unchanged) gives us Lemma \ref{initial} for $G$.

The construction for cyclic 2-groups is now given by first defining a family of building blocks $P(d)$ for $d \geq 2$. Each $P(d)$ is a simplicial complex on $2(d + 1)$ vertices with $H_{d - 1}(P(d)) = \langle a, b \mid 2a = b \rangle$, with the homology class of $a$ being represented by the boundary of a $d$-simplex and the homology class $b$ being represented by the boundary of another $d$-simplex disjoint from the first. Note that the $2(d + 1)$ vertices in these two simplex boundaries constitute all the vertices of $P(d)$. Now for given $d, t \in \N$ with $d \geq 2$, take $t$ copies of $P(d)$, denoted $P_1, ..., P_t$ with $H_{d - 1}(P_i) = \langle a_i, b_i \mid 2a_i = b_i \rangle$. Next for $i \leq t - 1$, glue $P_i$ to $P_{i + 1}$ by identifying the simplex boundary representing $b_i$ to the simplex boundary representing $a_{i+1}$. Finally fill in the $d$-simplex boundary representing $b_t$ with a $d$-simplex and we have a complex $X = X(d, t)$ with $H_{d - 1}(X) = \langle a_1, ..., a_t, b_t \mid 2a_1 = a_2, 2a_2 = a_3, ..., 2a_{t - 1} = a_t, 2a_t = b_t, b_t = 0 \rangle = \langle a_1 \mid 2^t a_1 = 0 \rangle \cong \Z/2^t\Z$.

Now clearly the number of vertices in $X(d, t)$ is $(d + 1)(t + 1) \leq (d + 1) (\log_2 |\Z/2^t\Z| + 1) \leq 2(d + 1) \log_2|\Z/2^t\Z|$. Moreover as each vertex is contained in at most $2$ copies of $P(d)$, we have that $\Delta_{0, {d - 1}}(X(d, t))$ is at most twice the number of $(d - 1)$-dimensional faces of $P(d)$. We should therefore describe how $P(d)$ is constructed.

The complex $P(d)$ is constructed by induction on the dimension. For $P(2)$, we start with the triangulation of the real projective plane with 6 vertices, 15 edges, and 10 faces given by antipodal identification of the icosahedron, and then delete a single face. Explicitly, $P(2)$ can be described as the pure simplicial complex on vertex set $\{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6\}$ with 2-dimensional faces
\[[1, 2, 6], [1, 3, 6], [2, 4, 6], [3, 5, 6], [2, 3, 4], [2, 3, 5], [1, 3, 4], [1, 4, 5], [1, 2, 5].\]

For the induction with $d \geq 3$ we observe that $P(d - 1)$ has $2d$ vertices which define two disjoint $(d - 1)$-simplex boundaries each representing a homology class. Let $v_1, ..., v_d$ and $u_1, ..., u_d$ be the vertices defining these two simplex boundaries. Now construct $P(d)$ by taking the suspension of $P(d - 1)$ with suspension points $v'$ and $u'$, then add two new $d$-dimensional faces $[u', v_1, ..., v_d]$ and $[v', u_1, ..., u_d]$ (as well as the $(d-1)$-dimensional faces $[v_1, ..., v_d]$ and $[u_1, ..., u_d]$). In $P(d)$ the two simplex boundaries representing the relevant homology class are the simplex boundary on $v', v_1, v_2, ..., v_d$ and the simplex boundary on $u', u_1, u_2, ..., u_d$. \footnote{When formally defining $P(d)$ in \cite{Newman}, it is necessary to be careful with how the simplicies are oriented so that things may be properly attached to give the right torsion group. If you want a cyclic group of order $2^0 + 2^3 + 2^6 = 73$, you don't want to attach something ``backwards" and end up with $2^0 - 2^3 + 2^6 = 57$ instead, for instance. We exclude these details here.}

It is clear that $P(d + 1)$ will have $2d + 2$ vertices and will have, if we let $f_i$ denote the usual $i$th entry of the $f$-vector of a complex, $2(f_d(P(d))) + 2$ top-dimensional faces with $P(2)$ having 9 2-dimesional faces. Thus we obtain the claimed bound on the number of $(d - 1)$-dimensional faces.

The last piece to check is that we may color $X = X(d, t)$ with $3(d + 1)$ colors so that no pair of intersecting $(d - 1)$-dimensional faces receives the same pattern. We have that $X$ is given by $t$ copies of $P_i$ so its vertices come from $t + 1$, $d$-simplex boundaries. Denote these simplex boundaries $S_0, S_1, ..., S_t$ and properly color the vertices of $S_i$ arbitrarily with colors $\{1, ..., d + 1\}$ for $i \equiv 0 \mod 3$, with colors $\{d + 2, ..., 2d + 2\}$ for $i \equiv 1 \mod 3$, and with colors $\{2d + 3, ..., 3d + 3\}$ for $i \equiv 2 \mod 3$. Now any pair of vertices at distance (in the 1-skeleton of $X$) at most 2 from one another receive different colors so there can be no intersecting $(d - 1)$-dimensional faces that receive the same pattern. This now completes the sketch of the argument for Lemma \ref{initial}. With this we have completed the proof of Theorem \ref{thm:main}.

\section{Remarks}
For the proof of the main result, we restricted to the case of constructing complexes with prescribed abelian 2-groups in homology. This was to make the argument simpler as it relates to the main focus here. It is possible to prove that for any $d \geq 2$ and any abelian group $G$, $T_d(G) \leq Cd\sqrt[d]{\log |G|}$ where $C$ is an absolute constant. Chapter 4 of the author's Ph.D. thesis \cite{thesis} gives such an argument with $C = 50$. However for $|G|$ not a power of 2 the deterministic construction is more complicated as is the first round coloring. Such an argument could be worth going though here if it could be pushed further to give that for any $\epsilon > 0$ and $n$ large enough $\log_2 \log_2 h(n) \geq (1 - \epsilon) n$, but this does not seem to be the case.

In the other direction, the connection to enumerating homotopy types does give the following proposition:
\begin{proposition}
Let $C < \frac{\log_2(e)}{e}$, then there exists $d$ arbitrarily large and a finite abelian group $G$ so that $T_d(G) > Cd\sqrt[d]{\log_2|G|}$.
\end{proposition}
\begin{proof}
Suppose that for every $d$ large enough and every finite abelian group $G$ that $T_d(G) \leq Cd \sqrt[d]{\log_2 |G|}$ with $C < \log_2(e)/e$. Then every cyclic group of order $e^{e^d}$ is realizable as the torsion part of the $(d - 1)$st homology group for a simplicial complex on $Cde\sqrt[d]{\log_2(e)}$ vertices. For $d$ large enough this is at most $C_1 d e$ for some $C_1$ satisfying $C < C_1 < \frac{\log_2(e)}{e}$. Thus setting $n = C_1 d e$ we have at least $e^{e^{n/(C_1e)}}$ homotopy types for simplicial complexes on $n$ vertices, but this exceeds the trivial upper bound of $2^{2^n}$.
\end{proof}
Based on this proposition, we end with the following conjecture which would imply that $\frac{\log_2 \log_2 h(n)}{n} \rightarrow 1$ as $n \rightarrow \infty$.
\begin{conjecture}
For $d \geq 2$ and $G$ an arbitrary finite abelian group
$$T_d(G) \leq (1 + o_d(1)) \frac{d}{\log(2) e} \sqrt[d]{\log|G|}$$
\end{conjecture}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Bang is an S-Class, rank 3, superhero for the Heroes Association, settled in Z-City. Bang owns a dojo passed down from generations, and uses the fighting style the Rock-Smashing Water Stream Fist. He is also one of the few who acknowledges Saitama's immense power.
Bang is an old man with white-spiky hair, thick eyebrows and a thick mustache. He has distict wrinkles on his face, a squarish chin and has a slight tan skin. He wears a dark shirt, light colored pants and kung fu shoes.
Bang has a serious personality, he acts calm and does not seem to be afraid at the prospect of stopping a dragon-level disaster meteor. He also prefers to be called by his name.


text:
FIRST AIRED: December 31, 2016
Olympic athletes top Queen's New Year List
0:51 Entertainment
>> After a year of sporting success for Britain, the country's top athletes are being honored. Mo Farah, who won two gold medals at the Rio Olympics, and tennis champion, Andy Murray, are both in line for a knighthood. Along with the athletes, stars from the world of fashion and show business are also being recognized.
Kinks musician, Ray Davies, becomes a Sir, while former Spice Girl, Victoria Beckham, gets an OBE for services to the fashion industry. Elsewhere in the fashion world, Vogue's editor-in-chief, Anna Wintour, and accessories designer, Anya Hindmarch, also winning awards. The honors are given out by Queen Elizabeth twice a year, once on her official birthday in June and then again at the end of the year.
They celebrate success and ensure outstanding achievements don't go unrecognized.


text:
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SEE: 20 resume mistakes to watch out for (TechRepublic)
Online recruitment is trending upward over the next five years as employers look for new ways to interact with candidates, according to Appcast, a programmatic job advertising company that helps optimize job ad spend.
Revenue for the online recruitment industry is projected to grow at an annualized rate of 7.3%, to $11 billion by 2023, Appcast said, citing IBISWorld research.
The availability of qualified talent is the biggest pressure on HR professionals, said Mary Hassan, HR leader at AG Mednet, an electronic data collection service focused on increasing data quality in clinical trials.
With an unemployment rate in the US of 3.6% overall and 1.3% in technology roles, said Hassan, "HR professionals need to employ every tool available to hire competitively."
The pros and cons of technology in a job search
While technology has increased the speed, ease, and efficiency of applying to a job posting, this can produce an overflow of candidates— but not necessarily ones who are qualified, she said. Then, recruiters have to spend a lot of time sifting through and screening large numbers of candidates.
Application tracking systems (ATSs), especially those emerging with AI embedded, are game-changing, Hassan said, as they have "eliminated significant amounts of administrative time and effort."
The right technology increases the reach of job postings by expanding the sourcing geographically at a low cost, she said. "The use of web-based interviewing tools allows for [the] screening of remote candidates effectively, without the cost and time associated with travel for onsite interviews prior to a face-to-face screen."
It creates a better candidate experience, too, because "these tools allow for ease of response to each candidate at every stage, thus, communicating professionally and quickly with candidates."
In 2018, 55% of applications were submitted via a mobile device, noted Leah Daniels, senior vice president of strategy at Appcast. This year, it's trending to be over 60%, she said, "but mobile devices make the process very arduous and painful, and in this environment, with a low unemployment rate, candidates have a very low tolerance for a 15-page application."
Mobile devices are often used to speed up the application process and also because some candidates don't have access to a desktop. This is less than ideal because the ability to access information and fill out an application from a mobile device is sometimes impossible, Daniels said. "For example, asking candidates to write a cover letter in Word and upload it [from a mobile phone] is somewhat comical."
As a result, the percentage of people finishing an application is much lower on a mobile device than on a desktop, she said. "As a candidate, applying on a desktop increases your chances of getting through the process and therefore, looked at."
Losing the human factor
In discussions Hassan has had with candidates about the hiring process, she has gleaned "that in some ways, it is far less human than it should be" as ATSs have become more widely used.
The systems can end up focusing more on "facts and hard skills," and far less on "the cultural fit and soft skills that have become increasingly more important in today's workforce," she said.
Daniels said algorithms factor into the process a lot less than candidates think. "A lot of recruiters don't trust them or like them," she said. "It's better to spend less time agonizing over the right words in your cover letter. It's more important to get [your resume] to the top of the stack. It's all about speed."
Hassan said she has gotten positive feedback from applicants who say the process at AG Mednet is "refreshing," compared to other experiences they have had where they "feel like they got lost in the black hole of the candidate pool."
"As a smaller company in a very specific technology niche, we have been able to keep a fairly high level of personal touch in our hiring process."
Tips for job applicants
If you want to beat the system, so to speak, make sure you apply from a laptop or desktop, said Daniels. And time is of the essence. "A candidate who is going to be hired will typically apply within the first three days of a job being posted," she said.
Also, you cannot get hired for a job if you are candidate #687, so look beyond the first page of jobs being advertised, she stresses.
"Job boards serve up ads, so if you're looking for a customer service position in Topeka, Kansas, and type in certain keywords, you'll get a number of hits, or job postings shown," Daniels explains. Many candidates will spend too much time and energy looking at each job posting on the first page, then going to Glassdoor to see how the company is ranked, then going back and applying, she says.
That is wasted effort because a recruiter who has 30 open jobs on their plate isn't going to go through 600 applications for each job, Daniels says. "They simply don't have the time."
For example, "on average, SAP gets 825 candidates across the entire set of jobs they have," she says. "The reality is they're not looking at all 825 resumes." The jobs that show up on the first page of results on a job site are "oversampled," she said. "So you need to be first—or you need to walk away."
Regardless of the site, if the job doesn't say that it's a brand new posting, "skip it and go to pages four and five—which don't have competition," she said.
Although psychologically, you might think the ones on the first page are a better fit, "in actuality, it has to do with who pays the most money." Location and keywords are also factors.
Being first may help your chances, but so does taking the time to proofread your cover letter and resume, advised Hassan. That may be old-school advice, "but it's very, very relevant in today's environment where candidates can quickly reply to a posting electronically."
Far too often, she says, candidates forget to change wording in a cover letter they are repurposing from another job response, or they use abbreviations or lack of capitalization in emails and letters, as if they were texting a friend.
Also, "do the research to make sure your resume is search engine optimized," Hassan said. Resumes that are customized to include specific skills or other key words highlighted in the job posting are far more effective.
Last, but not least, don't discount the power of networking. "Use social media sites to research who you may know at a company you are applying to, or other ways to network, such as seeking out a fellow graduate from your college, or a sorority or fraternity."
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text:
<!DOCTYPE html
    PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

    <title>Conditional Steps</title>

Conditional Steps

The conditional steps mechanism allows the user to choose a step to execute based on the result
        of predicate evaluation. This mechanism can be used instead of conditional statements
        like if-else/switch in case of grow of number of steps with the same naming but different internal logic.

Let's consider the following switch operator with a bunch of conditions:

    @Given("food for my pet")
    public void prepareFoodForMyPet() {
        String partOfDay = ...;
        switch (partOfDay) {
            case "morning":
                // logic for morning
                break;
            case "evening":
                // logic for evening
                break;
            case "afternoon":
                // logic for evening
                break;
        }
    }

With conditional steps the logic can be rewritten in the following way:

    @Conditional(condition = PartOfDayCondition.class, value = "morning")
    @Given("food for my pet")
    public void prepareMorningFood() {
        // logic for morning
    }

    @Conditional(condition = PartOfDayCondition.class, value = "evening")
    @Given("food for my pet")
    public void prepareEveningFood() {
        // logic for evening
    }

    @Conditional(condition = PartOfDayCondition.class, value = "afternoon")
    @Given("food for my pet")
    public void prepareAfternoonFood() {
        // logic for afternoon
    }

To make this work we need the following condition implementation:

    public class PartOfDayCondition implements Predicate\<Object\>
    {
        @Override
        public boolean test(Object value)
        {
            String partOfDay = ...;
            return partOfDay.equals(value);
        }
    }

By default conditions are checked by DefaultStepConditionMatcher
        that requires conditions to have public non-args constructor, custom step condition matcher can be created by implementing the
        StepConditionMatcher
        interface and then registering the new implementation in a
        Configuration
        instance.

Notes:

a condition at the method level has higher priority than a condition at the class level

if a step is annotated as conditional, then all the steps with the same wording must be conditional,
            otherwise, an exception is thrown

step is marked as pending if there are no steps matched condition or there is more than one matched step

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Discussion in 'Inactive/Unsupported Plugins' started by Hretsam, Apr 18, 2011.
This plugin stated simple, but it has been improved a lot.
Same as the previous versions, Gills allows you to make sets of items that make players able to stay under water for a longer period of time.
So you can make it so that a pumpkin can act like scuba gear, needing slimeballs 'store' the air. You can make any combination you like, it also knows the difference between orange and black wool.
If your just interested in the water related damage you can simply remove the itemsets and that will stop them from working.
Gills got permissions support, but its not needed. You can also set it to all users or just ops.
Also Gills will fire the EntityDamageEvent when a player gets damage from Gills.
"The freezing winds are not kind for the brave miner, as he the ground crumbles he falls into the freezing sea.
His body starts to hurt as he gets deeper into the abyssal plain.
The minor realizes that if he doesn't get to shore soon, he will not be able to leave the sea."
Biome damage is done when a player enters the water in a cold biome, the biomes that are considered cold are: ICE_DESERT, TUNDRA & TAIGA.
You can make some itemsets reduce the amount of damage taken, as the player gets deeper into the water, the damage will also increase.
"When the miner enters the water spring to refresh himself, he feels the heat the nearby magma is providing.
But as he feels he is getting dragged by the water, he notices he is getting closer to the source of the heat.
The temprature of the water starts to skyrocket.
The miner uses the last of his energy to out the water fast before its to late."
The player will get lava damage when he/she is in the water to close to a lava source (the range is adjustable). The water will get to 'hot' for the player and he will start taking damage.
"After days of digging trough the rough stone and hordes of monsters, the miner is getting closer to the center of the world.
As he find himself stuck above the unbreakable stones that seem to protect the center, he creates a little pool to refresh himself.
But as he enters the water, he find that its getting hotter by the second. Good think he found out early, otherwise the miner would have a lot more problems."
The idea behind coreheat damage, is that the core of the world (the void) is hot. So any water that is close to it should be warmed up. Players will receive damage when in water to close to the void.
If you got some feature you want added, reply below and i will see what i can do.
Consumed empty buckets will be replace with a water bucket!
## Permissions node, this allows the user to reload the config file.
## No biome damage, this will prevent the user of being damaged in the water.
## If you set this to a very low value, it can kill the player very fast.
## This damage is applied if the player is close to the void.
## The last layer that is considerd 'close to the core'.
## This set will require you to wear full leather armour, and have 2 slimballs for each air refill.
## Set this to true, if any armour items must be worn to make it work!
## This overrides the above biome damage, if set to 100 or higher no damage is done.
## This overrides the above lava damage, if set to 100 or higher no damage is done.
## This overrides the above coreheat damage, if set to 100 or higher no damage is done.
## The depth where this itemset will work.
## The altitude (from bedrock) where this itemset will work.
## The empty bucket is not taken, but replace with a water bucket!
Added Intrange to store variables like depth & altitude.
Xordaii and seiji_kun like this.
Permissions would be nice Perhaps a configurable helmet that you need to wear for gills to take effect? Maybe a cooldown so players cant stay underwater forever, or the ability to specify an item that players need to use to regain more air underwater.
I dont like the configurable helmet part but permissions would be nice. Can you make the helmet make a option since that is already a plugin?
Please review the sticky at the top pertaining to title formatting and title formatting. The body of this thread and the title is wrong.
If not, can you say what is wrong?
Might be nice if they had to consume an item, like sugarcane or a bucket of air (that would then fill with water).
Good idea of the bucket, i like that.
Could it be optional, though? I personally like just the regular ol' breathe underwater.
Also, once you're an "official" plugin, can you get yourself submitted to CraftBukkitUpToDate?
Yes i will make sure you can configure everything, so its possible to leave it as it is.
it would be nice to have the possibilty to attenuate the water filter and if you want to make it a complete underwater kit, a wet suit with which you could mine at the regular speed and fins with which you could move at the regular speed underwater would be nice.
Could you include the version number in the title? I'm waiting for the Permissions update and so whenever it's updated I'll see it in the titel .
Hmm, wierd bug in removing items. Could be the 705 build?
I cant test it against older builds..
Don't use a plus sign in the version tag. If you really need to use more versions, use [X-Y] or [X,Y].
Hum... when i give the node '' gills.unlimited '' to ONE group and put the '' use item to breath '' to FALSE, all groups can breath o.o i tried to disable to each groups without the group it nedd this, but it don't work !
Except for the air bubble update, cant seem to find it. I think its client side.
Cool, an alternative to a plugin i wanted to use, but the author did a few things weird and refused to budge. I'll have to give this one a try.
what are the commands for this plugin?
How do u make the wetsuit??
I too am confused by the helmet / wetsuit option. I'd like to set jack-o-lanterns as the helmet, but the yml doesn't seem to specify a setting?
23:29:44 [INFO] Preparing level "world"
23:29:44 [INFO] [Gills] - Gills version 2.2 is enabled!
23:29:44 [INFO] Teleport v1.1 Enabled!
23:29:44 [INFO] Done (0,084s)! For help, type "help" or "?"
could you tell me how to use this plugin?im new to plugins and putting this .jar file into my plugins folder in my bukkit sever folder does not seem to do anything.
Do you guys have the latest build of Craftbukkit?
I just noticed you have needall to true. This is not working together with consume items. When i find some time i'll add it.
Btw sorry for the late answer, been busy with a lot of stuff.


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Here's a good deal if you have been considering an NRA Life Membership. Right now you can get the NRA Life Membership for $600.00 — that's a $900 savings over the regular $1500.00 NRA price.
This a special offer through our friends at Shooting USA television. NOTE: The shorter term 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year NRA memberships are also discounted. For example the 5-year membership is discounted 33% to $100.00, a $50 savings, while the basic 1-year membership is discounted to $30.00, a $15 savings.
Please note, the NRA membership no longer includes $2500.00 in free ArmsCare Insurance for your firearms. The NRA stopped offering this insurance earlier this year, some time in May as best as we can determine. The NRA has not issued an explanation for the change in insurance availability. However it may be related to actions by the State of New York. The NRA is suing New York, claiming state officials coerced banks and insurance companies to withhold services from the NRA. (READ Story Here).
We wish the NRA would issue an official statement about insurance. However, we advise our readers to please take note that you will NOT get free Armscare insurance with any newly purchased NRA membership, even a Life Membership. Got that?
Notice to NRA Members: Be Sure to Activate Your Insurance!
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DEFINITION: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age.".
"Countries Compared by Education > School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Male. International Statistics at NationMaster.com, United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics. Aggregates compiled by NationMaster." 1970-2009. <http://www.nationmaster.com/country-info/stats/Education/School-enrolment-rate/1st-grade/Male>.
"Countries Compared by Education > School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Male. International Statistics at NationMaster.com", United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics. Aggregates compiled by NationMaster. [Internet]. 1970-2009. Avaliable from: <http://www.nationmaster.com/country-info/stats/Education/School-enrolment-rate/1st-grade/Male>.
"Countries Compared by Education > School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Male. International Statistics at NationMaster.com", United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics. Aggregates compiled by NationMaster. Avaliable at: nationmaster.com. Assessed 1970-2009.


text:
A Film in the Present Tense: Jean-Pierre and Luc Dardenne on "The Unknown Girl"
Matt Fagerholm September 04, 2017
During the initial theatrical run of Alfred Hitchcock's "Psycho," audiences reportedly hollered at the screen, warning Lila Crane not to hide in a fruit cellar where her doom supposedly waited. Moviegoing moments like that naturally excite any self-respecting cinephile, yet what excites me even more is when they happen to me. I'll never forget screaming at Igor (Jérémie Renier) to leave Roger (Olivier Gourmet) during the climactic sequence of Jean-Pierre and Luc Dardenne's 1996 masterpiece, "La Promesse." It was at that precise moment when I realized that the Dardenne Brothers were the modern masters of suspense. The Belgian filmmaking duo has earned worldwide acclaim, not to mention two Palme d'Or prizes at the Cannes Film Festival, for their astonishingly authentic works of social realist cinema. Films like "Rosetta," "The Kid with a Bike" and "Two Days, One Night" are agonizingly suspenseful primarily because we are so wrapped up in the minutia of the characters' lives. In the Dardennes' latest film, "The Unknown Girl," Adèle Haenel stars as Jenny, a doctor who fails to answer the calls of a girl banging at her door. When the girl winds up dead, Jenny becomes obsessed with solving the mystery of her murder.
At last year's Toronto International Film Festival, the Dardenne Brothers spoke with RogerEbert.com via an interpreter about their approach to crafting suspense, their love of Kieślowski and the influence of documentaries on their narrative cinema.
What attracts you to portraying women as bearers of inconvenient truth, such as Jenny in "The Unknown Girl" or Sandra in "Two Days, One Night"?
Luc Dardenne (LD): It's true that there's a strong similarity between these two women, even though in the case of Jenny, she feels guilty. But she has a journey too. She has to confront people, asking them to tell her the truth—which means they must forget about their own interests in the process. The main difference between the characters you mentioned is that Jenny doesn't ask anything for herself: she's doing it all for the unknown girl. Why are my brother and I interested in these women? I don't know. I think we'll try to do something else from now on.
What was it about Adèle Haenel that made her an ideal fit for the role of Jenny?
Jean-Pierre Dardenne (JD): The naiveté and the innocence that registers on her face. It triggers other people to speak the truth. Her gaze is going right at you—it's not like a judge, but it still compels you.
You've always liked to have your actors do things "for real" as their characters—lifting gas tanks, driving mopeds—how did you incorporate that approach into working with Adèle?
LD: First of all, we worked a lot with Adèle on learning the doctor's gestures. We didn't want her to be too sentimental, even when she cries in the movie. The gentleness between her and the patients had to come through particular gestures, through how she touches their bodies. For instance, at the beginning of the film, she listens to a patient's breathing with her stethoscope and touches his back at the same time. Adèle also needed to learn medical techniques, enabling her to perform the gestures like a real doctor would. Her techniques are a little bit cold and clinical, but we tried to convey gentleness and softness in the way she embraces a patient or holds the diabetic man's foot or helps the child during his seizure.
Jenny is forever tending to a revolving door of need, and the one time she chooses not to answer the door, her decision proves to haunt her. Is this reflective of your own beliefs about our responsibility to one another?
JD: Yes, absolutely. That's what our story is all about. Because Jenny didn't open that door, she soon feels responsible for this girl's death. The girl starts to haunt her, to the point where Jenny is possessed and goes on a quest to discover what happened to this person. It's a human adventure whereby Jenny attempts to fix what she did.
Your films never fail to make me jump, and that is partly caused by your use of long takes, such as when Olivier Gourmet's character raises his voice at Jenny.
LD: I think it's because we try to grasp the present. We let things happen in the moment. With sequence shots, we feel we can be surprised—like the audience—by what is unfolding in front of us. It's as though we weren't there to film it, but it somehow ended up onscreen. We'll be filming an interaction at a dinner table, and suddenly, something unexpected will happen within the same shot. It doesn't appear to be constructed, and to the spectator, it feels real. That's what we try to achieve.
JD: The viewer is a witness to something that's happening live, and he lives it within the present moment of the scene. Time is not reconstructed in the editing room. This approach triggers a reality effect: a film in the present tense. Yet it's important that this technique doesn't become reduced to a sneaky trick. The audience must believe that there is a necessity for it.
LD: The sequence shots that we film always follow—in the most practical sense—our main character: profile shot, from behind, from the front, etc. The spectators watching the film follow her too. Then the things that happen to the character will surprise them – but only because the spectators are enthralled by the fact that they're following someone. That's the most important thing. We have to build scenes in a way that prevents the surprises from being expected.
Are there filmmakers who inspired your own approach to suspense?
JD: There are some films in Krzysztof Kieślowski's "Dekalog" that have a similar tension or suspense. One of Kieślowski's first short films takes place in an apartment. It begins by showing a migrant worker brushing his teeth and going about his morning routine. We see all of this in close-ups until the film reveals that there are, in fact, nine other workers living in the same apartment. You initially think it's only one guy, and therein lies the suspense. Strange sounds occur that cause the audience to think that he may not be alone. A toilet flushes, and the audience assumes it must be coming from the neighbor's apartment next door, when in fact, the person flushing is right next to the man we see onscreen. These sounds keep the viewer on edge until all is revealed.
It's all about what you choose to show and what not to show.
LD: Exactly, it's the fundamental basis of mise-en-scène. To reveal or to not reveal. More often, it's about deciding what you're going to hide, rather than what you're going to show.
I'm reminded of that last shot in "Rosetta" where the largely offscreen motorcycle circles the heroine.
JD: Yes, that's an example of how we create suspense with sequence shots. Once the viewer is enthralled, suspense isn't artificially built. They simply wonder, 'What is he doing? Where is he going?' We're sticking to the heroine in a close-up, and I think that's why we start wondering what's happening around her. Anything is possible, and it can happen at any moment.
LD: If you follow a character in a close-up and then, after ten minutes, he meets somebody that he wasn't supposed to, next time the camera follows him, you'll be fearing that he'll meet that person again. That sustains the suspense.
JD: The only thing we can hope for is that the audience doesn't fall asleep first… [laughs]
You used Beethoven's "Adagio un poco mosso" sparingly in "The Kid with a Bike," which was a rare instance of non-diegetic music in your films.
JD: We tried using music in this film too, but we didn't find room for it. We really tried. In "Kid with a Bike," the music was already present when we were writing the script. It was part of the narrative rhythm. Here, it wasn't. It underlined things too much.
LD: In "Kid with a Bike," music represents what the child is missing. It magnifies the sense of solace and the caress that he misses. Every time he's in pain, music materializes. We also used it to bring an energy to certain turning points in the film. It's sort of like the chimes that ring, signaling for children to turn the page while reading a faerie tale [on book and tape]. When the kid goes to see Samantha toward the end of the movie, it feels as if she became the music. Samantha's love and the music are the same thing, in a sense.
Why have Jérémie Renier and Olivier Gourmet become recurring presences in your films?
JD: Because they're talented! [laughs] They're part of our adventure, ever since they were in "La Promesse." We cast either one of them in nearly every movie we make. Our relationship with Jérémie is even more special, because he was "born" as an actor while making "La Promesse." We like to meet up with him in every movie we make. Sometimes it's not possible, but we like to do it every chance we get. We hadn't initially thought of him playing the role that we ultimately cast him in here. It wasn't long before we realized that we shouldn't bother looking for someone else. Jérémie has this physical side that we really appreciate. He acts with his entire body, and acting comes from the body. "The Unknown Girl" proved to be difficult for him, especially when his character delivers an emotional monologue toward the end.
In the extras on the Criterion edition of "The Kid with a Bike," you take the audience through your process of blocking a scene, and I was intrigued by how Michelangelo's Pietà sculpture inspired a key moment between the kid (Thomas Doret) and Samantha (Cécile De France).
LD: Our idea for the scene was that he would run into Samantha, and there would be a suspended moment in time, as though we were watching a living version of the Pièta, even though it's the opposite image of the sculpture, which depicts a mother holding a child. In this case, it's a kid grabbing onto a woman. In this moment, we want the audience to feel the bodies of these two characters coming into contact. It's a physical moment that marks the beginning of their story together. Touch creates thought and emotion, and that's why we needed a brief suspension of time. When we see Samantha holding the kid later in the film, it prompts us to think of this earlier scene. It's something we can only experience through cinema.
JD: Brutally halting the movement in this scene creates a certain violence too, much moreso than if we had seen their bodies roll onto the ground. The previous movement and the gesture that follows—when he clutches her—become much more violent, leaving the audience in shock, just like the characters.
Like Kieślowski, you both have a background in documentaries. How have those earlier pictures enhanced your approach to narratives?
JD: Normally in documentaries, the life captured by the camera exists long before the filmmakers enter into it. The camera comes into the subject's life, records it and leaves. When the camera exits, the audience is aware that life will go on for those who have been filmed. That's the feeling we try to convey through our fiction films: the feeling that our characters existed before the camera started recording them, and that their lives go on after the camera is gone. The challenge is to set a scene up in a way that suggests the reality that is escaping our gaze. We like having a lot of constraints in the spaces we film, and are adamant about working within them. When you view a character in profile, you are aware that there is a certain amount of reality that is escaping the lens. We want audiences to believe that our characters don't need a camera in order to exist.
Matt Fagerholm
Matt Fagerholm is an Assistant Editor at RogerEbert.com and is a member of the Chicago Film Critics Association.


text:
Pope Francis Dismisses 'Passing Fads' On Marriage In Opening Of Synod On Family
Pope Francis on Sunday defended the Roman Catholic Church's views on marriage as he opened a synod on the family.
The Synod of Bishops is a three-week assembly of bishops from around the world that will look at issues facing Catholic families.
"This is God's dream for his beloved creation, to see it fulfilled in the loving union between a man and a woman," the pope said. "Rejoicing their shared journey, fruitful in their mutual gift of self."
"God wants us to carry out the church's mission in truth, which is not changed by passing fads or popular opinions."
On the eve of the synod, a Polish priest who served with the Vatican's doctrinal arm announced he's gay and has a partner.
Monsignor Krysztof Olaf Charamsa called on the Holly Father to revise the Catholic teaching on homosexuality, which states that all people should be respected but that gay sex is "intrinsically disordered."
With his partner Eduardo by his side, Charamsa called on the church to "open your eyes to the suffering of gay people, to their desire for love."
In a statement, the Vatican called the priest's actions "irresponsible" and suggested that his service as a theologian at the Vatican was over.


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Q: Selecting n-th child of an
* within a div I am trying to make an image slider, which slides images according to which
 is selected within an
. If second bullet is clicked then -> change colour of background -> slide to image 2.
This is what I tried:

            $(document).ready(function() {

        gallery_image_slider();
        slider();
    });

    function slider() {

        $('project_selector>ol>li:nth-child(1)').click(function() {

            $('project_selector>ol>li:nth-child(1)').css('background' : 'black');

    }  );

Current Projects

                            Project Description 1

                            Project Description 2

                            Description 1
                            Description 2

How can I do it?

A: based on your code and your question i'm confused, but if your trying to get your code to work
function slider() {

    $('.project_selector li').click(function() {

        $(this).css({'background' : 'black'});

   });
}

A: First of all, when selecting a class with jQuery, you need to prepend a period (.) to its name, like this:
$('.project_selector')

Second of all, I can see that you have no
 tags within your project_selector list.
I'm not sure what you want to attain by li:nth-child(1), but if your intent is to select the first
, then you're to use the .eq() method and specify its first argument the index of the
 that interests you, zero-based.
function slider() {
   $(document).on('click', '.project_selector > li:eq(0)', function() {
        $(this).css('background-color', 'black');
   });
}