text:
Nature Podcast | 2020-01-15
- 16 January 2020: Strange objects at the centre of the galaxy, and improving measurements of online activity - In... this episode: 00:45 Observing the centre of the galaxyResearchers have uncovered a population of dust-enshrouded objects orbiting the supermassive black hole at the centre of the galaxy.Research Article: Ciurlo et al. 06:34 Research HighlightsA London landmark's height lends itself to a physics experiment, and generous behaviour in parrots. Research Highlight: An iconic structure in London moonlights as a scientific tool; Research Highlight: Parrots give each other gifts without promise of reward 09:00 The human 'screenome' projectTo understand the effects of online media consumption, researchers argue that the way it's measured needs to change. Comment: Time for the Human Screenome Project 17:26 News ChatA decline in human body temperature, and a new report on research culture. News: Not so hot: US data suggests human bodies are cooling down; News: Stressful, aggressive, damaging: huge survey reveals toils of scientists' working lives For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 09 January 2020: A look ahead at science in 2020 - In this episode of the podcast, Nature reporter Davide... Castelvecchi joins us to talk about the big science events to look out for in 2020. For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 01 January 2020: Our reporters' top picks of 2019 - In this special round-up episode of the Nature Podcast,... our reporters choose their favourite podcast piece of 2019.In this episode:00:33 A sole sensationA study of people who do and don't wear shoes looks into whether calluses make feet less sensitive. Nature Podcast: 26 June 2019; Research article: Holowka et al.; News and Views: Your sensitive sole08:56 The make up of the far side of the MoonInitial observations from the first lander to touch down on the far side of the Moon. Nature Podcast: 15 May 2019; Research article: Li et al.15:43 Growth MindsetHow a one hour course could improve academic achievement. Nature Podcast: 07 August 2019; Research article: Yeager et al.27:44 'Manferences'Nature investigates the prevalence of conferences where most of the speakers are male. Nature Podcast: 11 September 2019; News Feature: How to banish manels and manferences from scientific meetings34:02 Q&A with Nobel Prize winner John GoodenoughWe talk to John Goodenough, who was jointly awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his role in the development of the lithium-ion battery. Podcast Extra: 09 October 2019 For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- Nature PastCast, December 1920: The Quantum Theory - This year, Nature celebrates its 150th birthday. To mark this... anniversary we're rebroadcasting episodes from our PastCast series, highlighting key moments in the history of science.In this episode, we're heading back to the early twentieth century, when physicists had become deeply entangled in the implications of the quantum theory. At its smallest scales was the world continuous? Or built of discrete units? It all began with Max Planck. His Nobel Prize was the subject of a Nature news article in 1920.This episode was first broadcast in December 2013.From the archiveNature 16 December 1920 For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- Podcast Extra: From climate lawyer to climate activist - 2019 will likely go down as a pivotal year for public... discourse on climate change. It was the year of Greta Thunberg, the climate school strikes, and Extinction Rebellion. The global activist movement has gained support from a range of influential people, including renowned environmental lawyer Farhana Yamin.In this Podcast Extra, Nature's Chief Opinion Editor Sara Abdulla meets with Farhana to discuss why she ditched resolutions in favour of activism. This is an extended version of an interview originally broadcast in September.Comment: Why I broke the law for climate change For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- Podcast Extra: Epigenetics - As part of Nature's 150th anniversary celebrations, Nick Howe dives into the... topic of epigenetics.Since its origin in 1942, the term 'epigenetics' has been repeatedly defined and redefined. There's always been hype around the field, but what actually is epigenetics and how much does it influence our genes?In this Podcast Extra, Nick Howe speaks to Edith Heard, Director General of the EMBL, and Giacomo Cavalli, from the Institute of Human Genetics, to guide us through these questions and find out about the history and future of epigenetics. For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 19 December 2019: A solution to the three-body problem, and festive fun - We've launched our 2019 listener... survey. We want to know what you think of the show to help us make a great podcast. You can find the survey here. Thanks!This week, a solution to a centuries-old physics problem, and holiday shenanigans.In this episode:00:51 Disentangling three bodiesA problem that has stumped scientists since the 1600s has a probabilistic solution. Research Article: Stone and Leigh08:50 Frosty the SnowmanThe first of our festive science songs, about how a certain snowman is faring under climate change. Scroll to the transcript section below for the lyrics.11:00 Festive quiz showOur reporters battle it out to be crowned as this year's quiz champion. Can they describe some of the top news headlines without saying certain important words? We find out.19:21 Carol of M87Our second song is about the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration's imaging of the supermassive black hole at the centre of the M87 galaxy. Scroll to the transcript section below for the lyrics.20:33 News ChatWe hear about some of the people on Nature's 10 this year. Feature: Nature's 10: Ten people who mattered this year30:00 Rockin' Around SupremacyFor our final song, we hark back to October, when Google claimed to have achieved quantum supremacy. Scroll to the transcript section below for the lyrics.TRANSCRIPTFrosty the Snowman lyrics:Frosty the Snowman was a jolly, happy soulBut the smile wore off as the globe got hot'Cause the world used too much coal.Frosty the Snowman is a fairy tale they sayHe was made of snowBut the kids won't know 'cause it's them who have to pay.Gonna' need some magic toConvince the world to stop'Cause now we're running out of timeAnd he's feeling mighty hot.Oh, Frosty the Snowman, is endangered as could beAnd the children say they wish he'd stay,But they don't trust you and me.He led them down the streets of townRight to the climate COP.They gathered there, and Greta staredAnd together hollered "STOP".Frosty the Snowman, had to hurry on his way
- 19 December 2019: The three-body problem, and festive fun - We've launched our 2019 listener survey. We want... to know what you think of the show to help us make a great podcast. You can find the survey here. Thanks!This week, a solution to a centuries-old physics problem, and holiday shenanigans.In this episode:00:51 Disentangling three bodiesResearchers have been working to unpick a problem that has stumped scientists since the 1600s. Research Article: Stone and Leigh08:50 Frosty the SnowmanThe first of our festive science songs, about how a certain snowman is faring under climate change. Scroll to the transcript section below for the lyrics.11:00 Festive quiz showOur reporters battle it out to be crowned as this year's quiz champion. Can they describe some of the top news headlines without saying certain important words? We find out.19:21 Carol of M87Our second song is about the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration's imaging of the supermassive black hole at the centre of the M87 galaxy. Scroll to the transcript section below for the lyrics.20:33 News ChatWe hear about some of the people on Nature's 10 this year. Feature: Nature's 10: Ten people who mattered this year30:00 Rockin' Around SupremacyFor our final song, we hark back to October, when Google claimed to have achieved quantum supremacy. Scroll to the transcript section below for the lyrics.TRANSCRIPTFrosty the Snowman lyrics:Frosty the Snowman was a jolly, happy soulBut the smile wore off as the globe got hot'Cause the world used too much coal.Frosty the Snowman is a fairy tale they sayHe was made of snowBut the kids won't know 'cause it's them who have to pay.Gonna' need some magic toConvince the world to stop'Cause now we're running out of timeAnd he's feeling mighty hot.Oh, Frosty the Snowman, is endangered as could beAnd the children say they wish he'd stay,But they don't trust you and me.He led them down the streets of townRight to the climate COP.They gathered there, and Greta staredAnd together hollered "STOP".Frosty the Snowman, had to hurry on his wayBu
- Long Read Podcast: How to save coral reefs as the world warms - Research groups around the world are exploring new... ways of protecting coral reefs from climate change.This is an audio version of our feature: These corals could survive climate change — and help save the world's reefs, written by Amber Dance and read by Kerri Smith. For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 12 December 2019: Social priming, and acoustic science - We recently launched our 2019 listener survey. We want to... hear your views on the show to help us make it even better, so please help us by filling in the survey, thanks!In this episode:00:45 What's next for social priming?How might a branch of psychological research move forward in the face of replication failures? News Feature: What's next for psychology's embattled field of social priming08:55 Research HighlightsKiller-whale grandmothers help their grandchildren survive, and the failed voyage of a reproduced ancient raft. Research Highlight: Why female orcas make killer grandmas; Research Highlight: On a model ancient raft, seafarers are up the current without a paddle11:12 The sounds of scienceWe hear the latest updates from the Acoustical Society of America's recent conference.18:44 News ChatReassessing when civilisations moved to modernity, and understanding exoplanets. News: When did societies become modern? 'Big history' dashes popular idea of Axial Age; News: European space telescope to launch new era of exoplanet science For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 05 December 2019: Genomic sequencing and the source of solar winds - We recently launched our 2019 listener survey.... We want to hear your views on the show to help us make it even better. You can find the survey here. Thanks!In this episode: 00:45 The GenomeAsia 100k projectResearchers have released the first data from an ambitious project to sequence the genomes of 100,000 people from populations across Asia. Research Article: GenomeAsia100K Consortium 08:56 Research HighlightsBare riverbanks make meanders move, and human activity affects picky penguins. Research Highlight: The meandering rivers that speed across barren landscapes; Research Highlight: Climate change splits two penguin species into winners and losers 11:18 Curbing the rise in genetic surveillanceConcerns are growing around the use of commercial DNA databases for state-level surveillance. Comment: Crack down on genomic surveillance 20:02 News ChatNASA's Parker Solar Probe has sent back the most detailed information yet about the birthplace of solar wind. News: Sun-bombing spacecraft uncovers secrets of the solar wind For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- Nature Pastcast, November 1869: The first issue of Nature - This year, Nature celebrates its 150th birthday. To mark... this anniversary we're rebroadcasting episodes from our PastCast series, highlighting key moments in the history of science.In this episode, we're heading back to 4 November 1869, when Nature's story began. The first issue of the journal looked very different from the way it does now and, to the dismay of the editor, it was not immediately popular. In this podcast, we hear how Nature began, and how it became the journal it is today.From the archiveNature 4 November 1869 For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 28 November 2019: Nature's 2019 PhD survey, and older women in sci-fi novels - This week, delving into the... results of the latest graduate student survey, and assessing ageism in science fiction literature. For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 21 November 2019: A new antibiotic from nematode guts, grant funding 'lotteries', and butterfly genomes... - This week, an antibiotic that targets hard-to-treat bacteria, and a roundup of the latest science news.In this episode:00:49 Discovering darobactinResearchers looked inside nematode guts and have identified a new antibiotic with some useful properties. Research Article: Imai et al.05:45 Research HighlightsUsing urine as a health metric, and sniffing out book decay with an electronic nose. Research Article: Miller et al.; Research Article: Veríssimo et al.07:54 News ChatAdding an element of chance to grant funding, a continental butterfly-sequencing project, and tracking endangered animals via traces of their DNA. News: Science funders gamble on grant lotteries; News: Every butterfly in the United States and Canada now has a genome sequence; News: Rare bird's detection highlights promise of 'environmental DNA' For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 14 November 2019: A rapid, multi-material 3D printer, and a bacterium's role in alcoholic hepatitis - This... week, a new 3D printer allows quick shifting between many materials, and understanding the link between gut microbes and liver disease.00:46 A new dimension for 3D printersA new nozzle lets a 3D printer switch between materials at a rapid rate, opening the door to a range of applications. Research Article: Skylar-Scott et al.; News and Views: How to print multi-material devices in one go08:07 Research HighlightsThe slippery secrets of ice, and cells wrapping up their nuclei. Research Highlight: Viscous water holds the secret to an ice skater's smooth glide; Research Highlight: Super-thin layer of 'bubble wrap' cushions a cell's nucleus10:17 Linking bacteria to liver diseaseResearchers have isolated a bacterial strain that appears to play an important role in alcoholic liver disease. Research paper: Duan et al.; News and Views: Microbial clues to a liver disease17:10 News Chat'Megaconstellations' of satellites concern astronomers, and a report on the gender gap in chemistry. News: SpaceX launch highlights threat to astronomy from 'megaconstellations'; News: Huge study documents gender gap in chemistry publishing For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- Backchat: Nature's 150th anniversary - This week marks 150 years since the first issue of Nature was published, on 4... November 1869. In this anniversary edition of Backchat, the panel take a look back at how the journal has evolved in this time, and discuss the role that Nature can play in today's society. The panel also pick a few of their favourite research papers that Nature has published, and think about where science might be headed in the next 150 years.Collection: 150 years of Nature For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 07 November 2019: The fossil of an upright ape, science in 150 years, and immunization progress around the world -... This week, insights into the evolution of walking upright, how science needs to change in the next 150 years, and the unfinished agenda for vaccines.In this episode:00:50 Early ape locomotionThe discovery of a fossil of a new species of ape gives new insights on how bipedalism may have evolved. Research Article: Böhme et al.; News and Views: Fossil ape hints at how walking on two feet evolved; News: Fossil ape offers clues to evolution of walking on two feet07:24 Research HighlightsWomen lacking olfactory bulbs can somehow still smell, and telling whiskies apart through evaporation patterns. Research Highlight: The women who lack an odour-related brain area — and can still smell a rose; Research Highlight: Bourbon or Scotch? A droplet's dynamics reveal the truth09:44 How should science evolve?This year is Nature's 150th anniversary. Science has made huge strides during this time, but what needs to change to continue this progress for the next 150 years? Comment: Science must move with the times17:52 The state of vaccination in 2019Researchers assess the differences in immunization levels worldwide and identify the bottlenecks in developing new vaccines. Research article: Piot et al.23:54 News ChatAn AI figures out the sun's place in the Solar System, and reassessing the size of the proton. News article: AI Copernicus: Neural network 'discovers' that Earth orbits the Sun; News: Puzzle over size of proton leaps closer to resolution For information regarding your data privacy, visit
- Nature Pastcast, October 1993: Carl Sagan uses Galileo to search for signs of life - This year, Nature celebrates... its 150th birthday. To mark this anniversary we're rebroadcasting episodes from our PastCast series, highlighting key moments in the history of science.In the early 1990s, a team of astrophysicists led by Carl Sagan looked at data from the Galileo spacecraft and saw the signatures of life on a planet in our galaxy. Historian of science David Kaiser and astrobiologists Charles Cockell and Frank Drake discuss how we can tell if there is life beyond the Earth – and how optimism, as well as science, is necessary for such a venture.This episode was first broadcast in October 2013. For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- Carl Sagan uses Galileo to search for signs of life - This year, Nature celebrates its 150th birthday. To mark this... anniversary we're rebroadcasting episodes from our PastCast series, highlighting key moments in the history of science.In the early 1990s, a team of astrophysicists led by Carl Sagan looked at data from the Galileo spacecraft and saw the signatures of life on a planet in our galaxy. Historian of science David Kaiser and astrobiologists Charles Cockell and Frank Drake discuss how we can tell if there is life beyond the Earth – and how optimism, as well as science, is necessary for such a venture.This episode was first broadcast in October 2013. For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 31 October 2019: An AI masters the video game StarCraft II, and measuring arthropod abundance - This week, a... computer beats the best human players in StarCraft II, and a huge study of insects and other arthropods.In this episode:00:45 Learning to playBy studying and experimenting, an AI has reached Grandmaster level at the video game Starcraft II.Research Article: Vinyals et al.; News Article: Google AI beats experienced human players at real-time strategy game StarCraft II10:08 Research HighlightsA record-breaking lightning bolt, and identifying our grey matter's favourite tunesResearch Highlight: Here come the lightning 'megaflashes'; Research Highlight: Why some songs delight the human brain12:24 Arthropods in declineResearchers have surveyed how land-use change has affected arthropod diversity. Research article: Seibold et al.18:30 News ChatYoung Canadians file a lawsuit against their government, an Alzheimer's drug gets a second chance, and South Korean efforts to curb a viral epidemic in pigs. News: Canadian kids sue government over climate change; News: Fresh push for 'failed' Alzheimer's drug; News: South Korea deploys snipers and drones to fend off deadly pig virus For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- Podcast Extra: Detecting gravitational waves - As part of Nature's 150th anniversary celebrations, we look back at... an important moment in the history of science. For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 24 October 2019: Quantum supremacy and ancient mammals - This week, a milestone in quantum computing, and rethinking... early mammals.In this episode:00:43 A quantum computing milestoneA quantum computer is reported to have achieved 'quantum supremacy' – performing an operation that's essentially impossible for classical computers. Research Article: Arute et al.; News and Views: Quantum computing takes flight; Editorial: A precarious milestone for quantum computing; News: Hello quantum world! Google publishes landmark quantum supremacy claim08:24 Research HighlightsThe world's speediest ants, and the world's loudest birdsong. Research Highlight: A land-speed record for ants set in Saharan dunes; Research Highlight: A bird's ear-splitting shriek smashes the record for loudest song10:19 The mammals that lived with the dinosaursPaleontologists are shifting their view of the Mesozoic era mammals. News Feature: How the earliest mammals thrived alongside dinosaurs18:00 News ChatA Russian researcher's plans to edit human embryos, and 'prime editing' - a more accurate gene editing system. News: Russian 'CRISPR-baby' scientist has started editing genes in human eggs with goal of altering deaf gene; News: Super-precise new CRISPR tool could tackle a plethora of genetic diseases For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 17 October 2019: Mapping childhood mortality, and evolving 'de novo' genes - This week, investigating... child mortality rates at a local level, and building genes from non-coding DNA.In this episode:00:43 A regional view of childhood mortalityResearchers map countries' progress towards the UN's Sustainable Developmental Goals. Research Article: Burstein et al.; World View: Data on child deaths are a call for justice; Editorial: Protect the census07:22 Research HighlightsAstronomers identify a second visitor from beyond the solar system, and extreme snowfall stifles animal breeding in Greenland. Research Highlight: The comet that came in from interstellar space; Research Highlight: Extreme winter leads to an Arctic reproductive collapse09:22 Evolving genes from the ground upNatural selection's creative way to evolve new genes. News Feature: How evolution builds genes from scratch15:43 News ChatA spate of vaping-related deaths in the US, and Japan's import of the Ebola virus. News: Scientists chase cause of mysterious vaping illness as death toll rises; News: Why Japan imported Ebola ahead of the 2020 Olympics For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 10 October 2019: Estimating earthquake risk, and difficulties for deep-learning - This week, a method for predicting... follow-up earthquakes, and the issues with deep learning systems in AI.In this episode:00:47 Which is the big quake?A new technique could allow seismologists to better predict if a larger earthquake will follow an initial tremor. Research Article: Real-time discrimination of earthquake foreshocks and aftershocks; News and Views: Predicting if the worst earthquake has passed07:46 Research HighlightsVampire bats transmitting rabies in Costa Rica, and why are some octopuses warty? Research Article: Streicker et al.; Research Article: Voight et al.10:03 Problems for pattern-recognitionDeep-learning allows AIs to better understand the world, but the technique is not without its issues. News Feature: Why deep-learning AIs are so easy to fool16:31 News ChatWe roundup the 2019 Nobel Prizes for science. News: Biologists who decoded how cells sense oxygen win medicine Nobel; News: Physics Nobel goes to exoplanet and cosmology pioneers; News: Chemistry Nobel honours world-changing batteries For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- Podcast Extra: Q&A with Nobel Prize winner John B Goodenough - In this Podcast Extra, we speak to John B Goodenough,... from the University of Texas at Austin, in the US. Today, John was announced as one of the joint winners of the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Reporter Benjamin Thompson went along to the Royal Society in London to chat with him. For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- Podcast Extra: Q&A with Nobel Prize winner Didier Queloz - In this Podcast Extra, we speak to physicist Didier... Queloz, who was announced today as one of the joint winners of the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physics. Shortly after the winners were announced, Didier took part in a press conference to talk about his award. Reporter Benjamin Thompson went along to chat with him. For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 03 October 2019: Leapfrogging speciation, and migrating mosquitoes - This week, how new species may form by sexual... imprinting, and a previously unknown way for mosquitoes to migrate.In this episode:00:43 New species by sexual imprinting?A Central American frog chooses mates resembling its parents, a possible route for new species to form. Research Article: Yang et al.; News and Views: Leapfrog to speciation boosted by mother's influence09:58 Research HighlightsA light-based pacemaker, and the mathematics of the best place to park. Research Article: Mei et al.; Research Highlight: Maths tackles an eternal question: where to park?11:43 Gone with the windResearchers show that malaria mosquitoes may travel hundreds of kilometres using wind currents. Research Article: Huestis et al.; News and Views: Malaria mosquitoes go with the flow19:28 News ChatEradication of Guinea Worm pushed back, and researchers report 'pressure to cite'. News: Exclusive: Battle to wipe out debilitating Guinea worm parasite hits 10 year delay; News: Two-thirds of researchers report 'pressure to cite' in Nature poll For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- Nature PastCast, September 1963: Plate tectonics – the unifying theory of Earth sciences - This... year, Nature celebrates its 150th birthday. To mark this anniversary we're rebroadcasting episodes from our PastCast series, highlighting key moments in the history of science.Earthquakes, volcanoes, the formation of mountains; we understand all these phenomena in terms of plate tectonics (large-scale movements of the Earth's crust). But when a German geologist first suggested that continents move, in the 1910s, people dismissed it as a wild idea. In this podcast, we hear how a 'wild idea' became the unifying theory of Earth sciences. In the 1960s, data showed that the sea floor was spreading, pushing continents apart. Fred Vine recalls the reaction when he published these findings in Nature.This episode was first broadcast in September 2013.From the archiveMagnetic Anomalies Over Oceanic Ridges, by Vine & Matthews For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 26 September 2019: Diamonds from the depths, and the Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy - This week, diamond-containing... rocks may help uncover secrets of the Earth's mantle, and a reflection on science since the Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy was published.In this episode:00:46 Earth's EvolutionExplosive eruptions have allowed researchers to study Earth's mysterious mantle. Research Article: Woodhead et al.; News and Views: Enigmatic origin of diamond-bearing rocks revealed06:08 Research HighlightsSupersonic cork popping, and the timing of vaccines. Research Highlight: An uncorked champagne bottle imitates a fighter jet; Research Highlight: Why midday might be a golden hour for vaccinations07:53 Don't Panic40 years since the publication of the 'Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy' we reflect on how far science has come.15:22 News ChatA huge telescope with exquisite sensitivity is opening in China, and gene-editing to save bananas. News: Gigantic Chinese telescope opens to astronomers worldwide; News: CRISPR might be the banana's only hope against a deadly fungus For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 26 September 2019: Mysteries of the ancient mantle, and the Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy - This week,... diamond-containing rocks may help uncover secrets of the Earth's mantle, and a reflection on science since the Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy was published.In this episode:00:46 Earth's EvolutionExplosive eruptions have allowed researchers to study Earth's mysterious mantle. Research Article: Woodhead et al.; News and Views: Enigmatic origin of diamond-bearing rocks revealed06:08 Research HighlightsSupersonic cork popping, and the timing of vaccines. Research Highlight: An uncorked champagne bottle imitates a fighter jet; Research Highlight: Why midday might be a golden hour for vaccinations07:53 Don't Panic40 years since the publication of the 'Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy' we reflect on how far science has come.15:22 News ChatA huge telescope with exquisite sensitivity is opening in China, and gene-editing to save bananas. News: Gigantic Chinese telescope opens to astronomers worldwide; News: CRISPR might be the banana's only hope against a deadly fungus For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- Podcast Extra: Absurd scientific advice - How To: Absurd Scientific Advice for Common Real-World Problems is the new... book from XKCD cartoonist Randall Munroe. In this Podcast Extra, Randall talks about the book, its inspiration and the bizarre thought experiments it contains. For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- Backchat: Covering Climate Now - In this episode:00:44 A global media collaborationThis week, Nature is taking part... in the Covering Climate Now project. What is it, and why has Nature joined? Editorial: Act now and avert a climate crisis05:49 'Climate change' vs 'climate emergency'In early 2019, The Guardian changed the wording they use when covering climate stories. Our panel discusses the importance of phrasing, and how it evolves. The Guardian: Why the Guardian is changing the language it uses about the environment13:40 Choosing climate imagesWhat makes a good image for a climate change story? What do they add to a written news story?This episode of the Backchat is part of Covering Climate Now, a global collaboration of more than 250 media outlets to highlight the issue of climate change. For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 19 September 2019: XKCD, and Extinction Rebellion - This week, absurd advice from XKCD's Randall Munroe, and a... conversation with climate lawyer turned activist Farhana Yamin.In this episode: 00:46 How to, with XKCDCartoonist Randall Munroe tell us about his new book: How To: Absurd Scientific Advice for Common Real-World Problems.08:21 Research HighlightsHow insemination makes honeybee queens lose their way, and 'toe maps' in the brain. Research Highlight: Sex clouds queen bees' vision; Research Highlight: 'Toe maps' in the brain guide painters born without hands10:31 From climate lawyer to climate activistAfter three decades of climate advocacy, renowned IPCC lawyer Farhana Yamin decided to join Extinction Rebellion – she tells us why. Comment: Why I broke the law for climate change17:48 News ChatHow nations are progressing towards limiting greenhouse-gas emissions, and climate cash flow. News Feature: The hard truths of climate change — by the numbers; News Feature: Where climate cash is flowing and why it's not enoughThis episode of the Nature Podcast is part of Covering Climate Now, a global collaboration of more than 250 media outlets to highlight the issue of climate change. For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 12 September 2019: Modelling early embryos, and male-dominated conferences - This week, modelling embryonic... development, and an analysis of male dominated conferences.In this episode:00:44 Imitating implantationResearchers have created a system that uses stem cells to model the early stages of pregnancy. Research article: Zheng et al.; News and Views: Human embryo implantation modelled in microfluidic channels08:03 Research HighlightsTraces of baby turtle tracks, and Titan's explosive past. Research Highlight: A baby sea turtle's ancient trek is captured in a fossil; Research Highlight: Giant explosions sculpted a moon's peculiar scenery09:36 'Manferences'Nature investigates the prevalence of conferences where most of the speakers are male. News Feature: How to banish manels and manferences from scientific meetings15:41 News ChatAn update on India's latest moon mission, drugs that may reverse biological age, and this year's Breakthrough Prize winners. News: India loses contact with its Moon lander minutes before touchdown; News: First hint that body's 'biological age' can be reversed; News: First-ever picture of a black hole scoops US$3-million prize For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 05 September 2019: Persistent antibiotic resistance, and modeling hot cities - This week, Salmonella spreading... antibiotic resistance, and the drivers of urban heat islands.In this episode: 00:46 Antibiotic resistance reservoirsResearchers have identified how Salmonella 'persister' cells can spread antibiotic resistance genes in mice intestines.Research article: Bakkeren et al.08:12 Research HighlightsBright barn owls stun prey, and the evolution of dog brains. Research Highlight: Zip-lining owls reveal what really scares their prey; Research Highlight: A dog's breed is a window onto its brain10:13 Urban heatingCities are generally hotter than their surroundings, but what are the causes of these 'heat islands'? Research Article: Manoli et al.16:54 News ChatA cryptic Russian radiation spike, and India's moon mission gets closer to touchdown. News: How nuclear scientists are decoding Russia's mystery explosion; News: 'The most terrifying moments': India counts down to risky Moon landing For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- Nature PastCast, August 1975: Antibodies' ascendency to blockbuster drug status - This year, Nature... celebrates its 150th birthday. To mark this anniversary we're rebroadcasting episodes from our PastCast series, highlighting key moments in the history of science.They're found in home-testing kits for pregnancy, hospital tests for MRSA, and in six out of ten of the best-selling drugs today. But monoclonal antibodies have kept a surprisingly low profile since their debut in a Nature paper in 1975. This podcast follows them from that time through patent wars, promising drug trials and finally to blockbuster status today.This episode was first broadcast in August 2013.From the archive:Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity, by Köhler & MilsteinMargaret Thatcher speech clips courtesy of the Margaret Thatcher Foundation. For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 29 August 2019: Carbon-based computing, and depleting ancient-human genomes - This week, a computer chip based on... carbon nanotubes, and the potential pitfalls of sequencing ancient-human remains.In this episode: 00:45 A nanotube microprocessorScientists are looking beyond silicon, by constructing a computer chip using carbon nanotubes.Research article: Shulaker et al. News and Views: Nanotube computer scaled up 08:38 Research HighlightsWeighing neutrinos, and discovering a hidden Zika epidemic.Research Highlight: Lightest neutrino is at least 6 million times lighter than an electron; Research Highlight: Cuba's untold Zika outbreak uncovered 10:29 Using ancient-human remains conscientiouslyWhile genetic sequencing of ancient-human remains is providing more information than ever, these remains must be safeguarded, warn researchers. Comment Article: Use ancient remains more wisely 17:21 News ChatThe discovery of a 3.8-million-year-old hominin skull, and using CRISPR to make 'smart' materials.News: Rare 3.8-million-year-old skull recasts origins of iconic 'Lucy' fossil News: CRISPR cuts turn gels into biological watchdogs For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 22 August 2019: Combating online hate speech, and identifying early fossils - This week, the resilience of internet... hate groups, and searching for early life.In this episode:00:46 Tackling internet hateResearchers have been modelling how hate groups interact online, and have come up with suggestions to combat this activity. Research article: Johnson et al.; News and Views: Strategies for combating online hate08:55 Research HighlightsGallstone growth, and the reproductive strategies of hitchhiking stick insects. Research Highlight: The 'net' that leads to excruciating stones in the belly; Research Highlight: The insect that lost its homeland — and its sex life11:23 Hunting for early lifeFinding fossil evidence of Earth's earliest life is fraught with difficulty. Research Article: Javaux18:43 News ChatChemists create a ring made only of carbon atoms, and inoculating newborns with their mothers' microbes. News: Chemists make first-ever ring of pure carbon; News: Do C-section babies need mum's microbes? Trials tackle controversial idea For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 15 August 2019: Atomic espionage in the Second World War, and exploring the early Universe - This week, spilling... nuclear secrets, and a mysterious period in the Universe's history.In this episode:00:46 "The most dangerous spy in history"We hear the story of Klaus Fuchs, who gave away the details of building an atomic bomb. Books and Arts: The scientist-spy who spilt secrets of the bomb08:00 Research HighlightsEnvironmental impacts of electric scooters, and the Goliath frog engineers. Research Highlight: Trendy e-scooters might not be as green as they seem; Research Highlight: Enormous frogs heave rocks to build tadpole 'nests'10:33 Signals from the ancient UniverseResearchers hope that radio signals from ancient hydrogen will further their understanding of galaxy formation News Feature: The quest to unlock the secrets of the baby Universe18:17 News ChatChanges to the US Endangered Species Act, and what a microbe might tell us about the evolution of complex life. News: Trump administration weakens Endangered Species Act; News: Scientists glimpse oddball microbe that could help explain rise of complex life For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 08 August 2019: A mindset for success, and mercury in fish - This week, a mindset to improve school performance, and... the complex story of how mercury accumulates in fish.In this episode:00:46 Growth MindsetHow a one hour course could improve academic achievement. Research article: Yeager et al.11:47 Research HighlightsAn extinct giant parrot, and hacking Manhattan's traffic. Research Highlight: Polly wants many crackers: fossils reveal first known giant parrot; Research Article: Vivek et al.13:42 Toxic TunaMethylmercury levels in fish may increase due to climate change and overfishing, despite declines in emissions. Research Article: Schartup et al.19:15 News ChatIndia's proposed protections for fossils, and trust of scientists in the United States. News: India's geologists champion law to protect fossil treasures; News: US trust in scientists is now on par with the military For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 01 August 2019: The placental microbiome, and advances in artificial intelligence - This week, whether the... placenta is lacking microbes, and new hardware for artificial intelligence.In this episode:00:43 Microbe-free placentas?New research suggests that the placenta is sterile. Research article: de Goffau et al.; News and Views: No bacteria found in healthy placentas07:12 Research HighlightsAntacids and allergies, and the source of unexplained radioactivity. Research Article: Jordakieva et al.; Research Article: Masson et al.09:13 AI hardwareMaking technology for AI can be challenging, so scientists try a new solution. Research Article: Pei et al.15:54 News ChatA worrying spike in HIV drug resistance, and approval of research into human-animal hybrids. News: Alarming surge in drug-resistant HIV uncovered; News: Japan approves first human-animal embryo experiments For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- Nature PastCast, July 1942: Secret science in World War 2 - This episode was first broadcast in July 2013.This year,... Nature celebrates its 150th birthday. To mark this anniversary we're rebroadcasting episodes from our PastCast series, highlighting key moments in the history of science.During the Second World War, scientists worked on secret projects such as the development of radar. Their efforts were hinted at in the pages of Nature but the details, of course, couldn't be published. In this episode, historian Jon Agar explains how war work gave physicists a new outlook and led to new branches of science. We also hear from the late John Westcott, whose wartime job was to design radar systems.From the archiveNature Volume 150 Issue 3794, 18 July 1942Sound effects courtesy of daveincamas, piet.candeel@pandora.be, guitarguy1985 and acclivity at freesound.org For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 25 July 2019: The history of climate change, and making vaccines mandatory - This week, how the climate has changed... throughout history, and why enforcing vaccination should be done with care.In this episode:00:39 Climate through timeResearchers have modelled how climate has changed throughout the past 2000 years. Research article: Neukom et al.; Research article:Neukom et al.; News and Views: The aberrant global synchrony of present-day warming06:45 Research HighlightsMaking a self-propelling liquid, and the benefit of laugh tracks. Research Highlight: How to make water flow uphill; Research Highlight: To make lame jokes funnier, cue the laugh track08:35 Make vaccines mandatory?Scientists have warned that enforcing vaccinations could backfire, so should be done carefully. Comment: Mandate vaccination with care14:15 News ChatThe UK's new prime-minister, and the launch of an Indian moon mission. News: What Boris Johnson's leadership could mean for science; News:India launches ambitious second Moon mission For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- Backchat July 2019: Breaking news, audience-led journalism and human gene editing - In this episode:01:01 Breaking... NewsThe first image of a black hole took the world by storm, but what was it like reporting such a quickly developing story? News: Black hole pictured for first time — in spectacular detail; Video: The first image of a black hole: A three minute guide; Video: How scientists reacted to the first-ever image of a black hole09:01 Digital JournalismWhen a new research paper came to light about pig brains being revived, we asked our audience what they wanted to know, and got a big response. Could this be the future of journalism? News: Pig brains kept alive outside body for hours after death; News Explainer: Disembodied pig brains revived: Your questions answered15:09 The Future of gene editingWith yet more stories emerging of the editing of human embryos, we discuss the ethical implications and what should happen next? News Feature: CRISPR babies: when will the world be ready?; News: Russian biologist plans more CRISPR-edited babies For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 18 July 2019: Quantum logic gates in silicon, and moving on from lab disasters - This week, a new advance in silicon... based quantum computing and experiences of how to recover when disaster strikes.In this episode:00:45 Quantum logicA fast and accurate two-qubit logic gate has been designed in silicon. Research article: Simmons et al.07:52 Research HighlightsTeaching a computer to solve a Rubik's cube and immigration in Chichén Itzá. Research Highlight: AI solves the Rubik's cube; Research Highlight: Death as a human sacrifice awaited some travellers to a Mayan city10:43 Coping with calamityResearchers share how they are recovering from catastrophe. Career Feature: Explosions, floods and hurricanes: dealing with a lab disaster; News Feature: The battle to rebuild centuries of science after an epic inferno19:04 News ChatA campaign to open up the world's research, and dinosaur egg-laying clubs. News: The plan to mine the world's research papers; News: Ancient Mongolian nests show that dinosaurs protected their eggs For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 11 July 2019: The moon, past, present, and future - This week, an extended chat about all things lunar with Alex... Witze.Instead of a regular edition of the Nature Podcast, this week we're celebrating the 50th anniversary of humans walking on the Moon. Nick Howe catches up with planetary science reporter, Alex Witze. They discuss the latest US plans to land people on the moon by 2024, the history of the Apollo missions, and what's next for the lunar exploration.News: Can NASA really return people to the Moon by 2024?Books and Arts: Propulsive reading: books on the MoonNews Feature: These young scientists will shape the next 50 years of Moon researchVideo: Three generations of space experts react to the Moon landings For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 04 July 2019: Machine learning in materials science, and sand's sustainability - This week, using an algorithm... to find properties in materials science, and the global consequences of sand-mining.In this episode:00:47 Predicting propertiesA word-association algorithm is reading millions of abstracts to discover new properties of materials. Research article: Tshitoyan et al.; News and Views: Text mining facilitates materials discovery08:28 Research HighlightsTiny robot-jellyfish, and genome mutation hot-spots. Research Article:Multi-functional soft-bodied jellyfish-like swimming; Research Highlight:How DNA 'hotspots' snarl the search for cancer genes10:48 Sand under strainResearchers warn that the mining of sand is unsustainable. Comment:Time is running out for sand15:44 News ChatThe results of a bullying survey, and the spread of microbial disease through opioid use. News: Germany's prestigious Max Planck Society conducts huge bullying survey; News: The US opioid epidemic is driving a spike in infectious diseases For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- REBROADCAST: Nature PastCast, June 1876 - This year, Nature celebrates its 150th birthday. To mark this anniversary... we're rebroadcasting episodes from our PastCast series, highlighting key moments in the history of science.According to the fables of early explorers, the gorilla was a terrible, man-eating monster. It was also thought to be man's closest relative in the animal kingdom. Naturally, scientists and the public alike wanted to see these fierce beasts for themselves. But in the mid-nineteenth century, as the evolution debate heated up, getting a live gorilla to Europe from Africa was extremely difficult. In 1876, the pages of Nature report the arrival in England of a young specimen.This episode was first broadcast in June 2013. For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 27 June 2019: Callused feet, and protein-based archaeology - This week, how going barefoot affects what your feet... can feel, and uncovering history with ancient proteins.In this episode:00:44 A sole sensationA study of people who do and don't wear shoes looks into whether calluses make feet less sensitive. Research article: Holowka et al.; News and Views: Your sensitive sole08:50 Research HighlightsMagma moving quickly, and twice-transforming 4D materials. Research Highlight: Volcano's magma hit top speed; Research Article: Wang et al.11:09 Dating fossils with proteinsArchaeologists turn to proteins to answer questions DNA cannot. News Feature: Move over, DNA: ancient proteins are starting to reveal humanity's history19:38 News ChatA special report from the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the ongoing Ebola crisis. News: The doctor who beat Ebola — and inspires other survivors to care for the sick; News: Meet the Ebola workers battling a virus in a war zone; News: World Health Organization resists declaring Ebola emergency — for third time For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 20 June 2019: Non-native species, and a blood-inspired robot battery - This week, what makes birds invasive and a... robotic fish powered by a blood-like battery. For information regarding your data privacy, visit acast.com/privacy
- 13 June 2019: Mighty magnets, and aerosols in the atmosphere - This week, a record-breaking magnetic field, and... aerosols' potential effects on the atmosphere.In this episode:00:45 Making massive magnetsResearchers have created the world's strongest direct current magnetic field. Research article: S. Hahn et al.08:38 Research HighlightsMacaques' musicality and human consumption of microplastics. Research Article: Divergence in the functional organization of human and macaque auditory cortex revealed by fMRI responses to harmonic tones; Research Highlight: What a bottled-water habit means for intake of 'microplastics'10:55 Aerosols' impacts on the climateThere's a still a lot to learn about how aerosols affect the climate. Comment: Soot, sulfate, dust and the climate — three ways through the fog17:03 News ChatThe launch of an X-ray space telescope, and a Russian researcher's plans to CRISPR-edit human embryos. News:Space telescope to chart first map of the Universe in high-energy X-rays; News: Russian biologist plans more CRISPR-edited babies
- 06 June 2019: Microbes modifying medicine and kickstarting plate tectonics - This week, how gut microbes might be... affecting drugs, and a new theory on the beginning of plate tectonics.In this episode:00:45 Microbes metabolising drugsResearchers are investigating whether the gut microbiota can alter the activity of medicinal drugs.Research article: Zimmermann et al. 06:40 Research HighlightsElephants counting with smell, and audio activity monitoring.Research Highlight: Elephants have a nose for portion sizeResearch Highlight: Deep learning monitors human activity based on sound alone08:57 The origin of plate tectonics?A new theory suggests that sediment may have lubricated the Earth's tectonic plates, allowing them to move.Research article: Sobolev and BrownNews and Views: Earth's evolution explored 14:14 News ChatScientists protest in Hungary, and a trial of a new post-review process to test reproducibility.News: Hungarians protest against proposed government takeover of scienceNews: Reproducibility trial publishes two conclusions for one paper
- REBROADCAST: Nature PastCast May 1983 - This year, Nature celebrates its 150th birthday. To mark this anniversary... we're rebroadcasting episodes from our PastCast series, highlighting key moments in the history of science.The discovery of the ozone hole in the mid-1980s was a shock. Scientists suspected that man-made gases called CFCs were damaging the ozone layer, but they didn't expect to see such a dramatic decline. Nor did they expect the discovery to be made by a small group of British scientists in Antarctica. In this podcast, we hear from the 'little voice' in the background whose persistence led to the reporting of the reduced ozone in Nature in May 1985. But how did it become known as the 'ozone hole'? And what lessons are there for climate change scientists today?
- 30 May 2019: Cold fusion, gender parity in universities, and studying wildfires - This week, looking back at cold... fusion, a ranking of gender balance in universities, and measuring the impact of wildfires.
- 23 May 2019: Pre-industrial plankton populations, European science, and ancient fungi. - This week, how climate... change has affected plankton, the future of European science, and evidence of an ancient fungus.
- 16 May 2019: Recoding genomes, and material from the Moon's far side - This week, rewriting the script of life, and... a trip to the far side of the Moon.
- 09 May 2019: Urban vs Rural BMI, and the health of rivers - This week, body mass increases around the world, and... river connections in decline.
- 02 May 2019: China's growing science network, and talking brain signals - This week, China's Belt and Road... Initiative, and translating brain patterns into speech.
- REBROADCAST: Nature PastCast April 1953 - This year, Nature celebrates its 150th birthday. To mark this anniversary... we're rebroadcasting episodes from our PastCast series, highlighting key moments in the history of science.Over 60 years ago, James Watson and Francis Crick published their famous paper proposing a structure for DNA. Everyone knows that story – but fewer people know that there were actually three papers about DNA in that issue of Nature. In this podcast, first broadcast in April 2013, we uncover the evidence that brought Watson and Crick to their conclusion, discuss how the papers were received at the time, and hear from one scientist who was actually there: co-author of one of the DNA papers, the late Raymond Gosling.
- 25 April 2019: Tiny earthquakes, the genetics of height, and how US-China politics is affecting research - This... week we've got an extended News Chat between presenter Benjamin Thompson and Nature's European Bureau Chief Nisha Gaind. They discuss a new way to identify tiny earthquakes, new insights into the heritability of height, and how political tensions between the US and China are affecting scientists and research.
- 18 April 2019: Reviving brains, lightning, and spring books - This week, restoring function in dead pig brains,... spring science books, and the structure of lightning.If you have any questions about the partly-revived brains study, then the reporters at Nature are keen to answer them. You can submit them at the bottom of the article, here: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-01216-4
- Podcast Extra: The first image of a black hole - This week, researchers released the first image of a black hole at... the centre of the M87 galaxy. In this special News Chat, Nature reporter Davide Castelvecchi, who was at a press conference in Brussels where the image was announced, tells Benjamin Thompson about the image and what scientists are saying about it.
- 11 April 2019: Heart failure and vacuum field fluctuations. - This week, a new mouse model for heart failure and... characterising energy fluctuations in empty space.
- 04 April 2019: MDMA and the malleable mind, and keeping skin young - This week, why MDMA could make social... interactions more rewarding, and how your skin keeps itself youthful
- Backchat March 2019: Calls for a research moratorium, and the evolution of science reporting - In this month's... roundtable, our reporters discuss calls to pause heritable genome-editing research, and how science journalism has changed in the past 20 years.
- 28 March 2019: Human impacts on Mount Kilimanjaro, sex differences in pain, and a crystal-based cooling method -... This week, how humans are affecting Kilimanjaro's ecosystems, differences in pain based on biological sex, and refrigerating with crystals.
- 21 March 2019: Antibiotics in orchards, and rethinking statistical significance - This week, a plan to spray... antibiotics onto orange trees, and is it time to retire statistical significance?
- REBROADCAST: Nature Pastcast March 1918 - This year, Nature celebrates its 150th birthday. To mark this anniversary... we're rebroadcasting episodes from our Pastcast series, bringing to life key moments in the history of science.As the First World War draws to an end, astronomer Arthur Eddington sets out on a challenging mission: to prove Einstein's new theory of general relativity by measuring a total eclipse. The experiment became a defining example of how science should be done.This episode was first broadcast in March 2014.
- 14 March 2019: Ebola in DRC, a new HIV treatment, and the proposed US budget. - Instead of a regular edition... of the Nature Podcast, this week we've got an extended News Chat between Benjamin Thompson and Amy Maxmen. They discuss the ongoing Ebola outbreak in DRC, an injectable treatment for HIV, and how the proposed US 2020 budget could affect science.
- 07 March 2019: Coastal carbon-sinks, mobile health, and Mileva Marić - This week, wetlands' ability to store... carbon, mobile health, and the story of Mileva Marić.
- 28 February 2019: Cuckoo parasitism, topological materials and cannabinoids in yeast. - This week, the parenting... strategies of a tropical cuckoo, increasing the number of topological materials, and growing cannabinoids in yeast.
- 28 February 2019: Cuckoo parasitism, topological materials, and cannabinoids in yeast. - This week, the parenting... strategies of a tropical cuckoo, increasing the number of topological materials, and growing cannabinoids in yeast.
- 21 February 2019: Mouse cell atlases and cataloguing viruses - This week, mapping every cell in a mouse embryo and... the benefits of cataloguing all the viruses on Earth.


Do you find yourself reading through your favorite magazine or snooping through Pinterest and becoming inspired? Only to find that inspiration temporary once you realize you don't have the tools or the motivation?
That's why Hammer and Gumption has been created. Often many people find themselves with access to the tools, but no motivation for their projects and vice versa. If you need to find a hammer, we want you to find that Hammer! But above all, you need to find and nourish your Gumption.
What is Gumption? Dictionary.com lists defines Gumption with words like initiative, aggressiveness, and resourcefulness.
You can look for Hammer and Gumption to provide you with the resources you need to take on your own DIY and home improvement projects, but also with the appropriate inspiration to get your projects started.


When you have tinnitus, you perceive sound or hear a ringing in your ears. This is a very common symptom that points to a different underlying condition. It can be intermittent, constant or fluctuant, mild or severe, and may vary from a low roaring sensation to a high pitched type of sound. It may or may not be associated with a hearing loss. It is also classified further into subjective tinnitus (a noise perceived by the patient alone) or objective (a noise perceived by the patient as well as by another listener). Subjective tinnitus is common; however, objective tinnitus is relatively uncommon. The location of tinnitus may be in the ear(s) and/or in the head.
Tinnitus is a symptom much like a headache, pain, temperature, hearing loss, or vertigo. With tinnitus, the reported distress is usually subjective and difficult to record and appreciate by others.
Tinnitus may be produced in one or more locations, called its site of the lesion. The cause of tinnitus may be singular or multiple. A peripheral (i.e., auditory nerve or cochlea) site of lesion includes dysfunction established within the auditory system that extends up to but not involving the brainstem. A central site of lesion refers to the involvement of the central auditory pathways, beginning at the brainstem and involving other portions of the central nervous system.
Tinnitus is, therefore, a symptom of the neurotologic disease. It may occur with a hearing loss, vertigo or pressure symptoms in the ear or it may occur alone.
Tinnitus must always be thought of as a symptom and not a disease, just as pain in the arm or leg is a symptom and not a disease. Because the function of the auditory (hearing) nerve is to carry sound, when it is irritated from any cause, it produces head noise. This phenomenon is similar to the sensation nerves elsewhere. If one pinches the skin, it hurts because the nerves stimulated carry pain sensation.
A complete cochleovestibular evaluation is necessary for all patients with severe disabling tinnitus. The test battery is used to attempt to establish the site of lesion and to rule out any significant pathology which may require further treatment. There are many causes just related to the ear which would result in tinnitus. Such things as simple ear wax in the ear canal to other middle ear abnormalities may result in tinnitus. Otosclerosis (fixation of the stapes bone in the middle ear) can cause tinnitus as well as fluid in the middle ear. There are many other ear abnormalities which may cause tinnitus. A more common example would be Meniere's disease. Sudden trauma to the inner ear such as exposure to excessively loud sounds may result in tinnitus. Tumors on the hearing nerve or other problems in the brainstem or central nervous system may also cause tinnitus. In addition, other vascular abnormalities in the skull or base of the skull may result in tinnitus.
Tinnitus may originate from various lesions and from different sites. The auditory system involves highly complicated inner ear structures, many afferent and efferent nerve pathways and a great number of nuclei that form a complex meshwork. To pinpoint tinnitus to a certain structure becomes questionable. This is demonstrated by patients who have had intractable tinnitus after having surgery on their ear or incurring severe diseases of the ear. In an attempt to relieve the tinnitus, cutting the auditory nerve has been done and yet the tinnitus was persistent, indicating the site of lesion causing the tinnitus must have shifted into the central nervous system.
Tinnitus could be explained by abnormal neural activity in the auditory nerve fibers, which may occur if there is a partial breakdown of the myelin covering of individual fibers. A defect in the hair cell would trigger the discharge of connected nerve fibers. For chronic cochlear disorders, there may also be increased spontaneous activity in the hair cells and neurons resulting in tinnitus. In the auditory nerve, there are two different kinds of afferent fibers: inner hair cell fibers with large diameters and outer hair cells fibers with small diameters. Thus, loss of signals from the cochlea might trigger tinnitus as a manifestation of a functional imbalance between the two sets of fibers. In addition, other abnormal changes of the cochlear fluids may result in tinnitus.
There are other medications which have been utilized to suppress tinnitus. Some patients benefit from these drugs and others do not. Each patient has an individual response to medication, and what may work for one patient may not work for another. Some of these medications have been proven; however, to decrease the intensity of the tinnitus and make it much less noticeable to the patient. There is, however, no drug anywhere which will remove tinnitus completely and forever. There are some drugs which will also cause tinnitus. If you have tinnitus and are on medication, you should discuss the symptom of tinnitus with your physician. In many instances, once the drug is discontinued the tinnitus will no longer be present.
If you are experiencing tinnitius and are looking for a solution, you may benefit from hearing aids. Contact Stockton Hearing and Speech Center for help in California!


text:
Finding ones purpose in life the real meaning of the american dream
What is the American Dream in 2016? By Sean Bryant January 26, 2016 — 11: Throughout the years, some say with a heavy push from the government to buy more housesthat dream changed to a house in the suburbs, a white picket fence, 2.
The idea was that you could have this quaint little family, a well-paying job, and life would be good. That dream brings about images of a 1950s style suburbia—something that has long since gone away.
The American Dream is still alive as we head into 2016. But it has changed dramatically. So much that it can hardly be called the American Dream anymore. Student Debt Worries Over the past half a century, college graduation rates have spiked.
More people are going to college than ever before, and more people are graduating from college than ever before. Despite the fact that the majority of these students are earning degrees from non-profit, state-run schools, that education is costing significantly more than ever before.
Breakthrough to YOUR Success with this Formula
A good rule of thumb is to take the general inflation, and double it to get the inflation rate of a college education. What all of this means is that students are spending a lot more on their education, and they are coming out of school and into the real world with far more debt than they can handle. The American Dream has shifted from having a job that paid the bills, to having a job that pays the student loan.
Employment Woes After a student graduates, and realizes they need to get a well-paying job just to pay back their student loansthey are faced with a challenging and tumultuous job market.
Could your relationships be deeper, more rewarding, and more meaningful? Instead, just lean into it, bit by bit.
In other words, work is required, but suffering is not. On Friday, May 1, 1931, James Truslow Adams, a popular historian, was putting the final touches on the preface to his latest book.
Seeking out meaningful and virtuous activities is what gives us an enduring sense of well-being—it generates happiness in a way that the actual pursuit of happiness cannot. In the mid-1950s, an era often associated with the American Dream, the majority of Americans carried health insurance.
The American Dream was fulfilled by getting one of these jobs which essentially secured your home in the suburbs with a wife and a dog. The difference is that after earning a degree, many young graduates want to jump right into the white collar jobs.
Back when the American Dream was developed, there were two distinct types of workers: While the white collar workers have always earned a little more on averagethe blue collar workers still made a decent living.
Today, there is still that divide between blue collar and white collar workers. The difference is that after earning a degree, many young graduates want to jump right into the white collar jobs. The biggest difference is that there is an enormous pay disparity.
Healthcare Worries When the American Dream was first mentioned by Adams, health insurance was still a brand new concept. Before that time, health care costs were a lot lower, but all spent out of pocket. In the mid-1950s, an era often associated with the American Dream, the majority of Americans carried health insurance. That insurance helped to offset the bills that many Americans faced, but it didn't eliminate the burden completely. Despite the affordability provided by insurance, healthcare costs still increased at a much faster rate than inflation, but how much faster?
At the average wage for that time, it would take 118 hours of work to cover healthcare expenses roughly 15 days worth of work.
What is the American Dream in 2016?
Based on the average wage for that year, it would take 467 hours to cover healthcare expenses roughly 58 days. Americans are now spending much more of their income on healthcare costs — working for nearly a quarter of a year just to pay those expenses.
The American Dream has come to include a job that has benefits to help pay those costs. Retirement Worries For many decades, if you worked for a company for your entire career, they would reward you with a pension.
As people were living longer than ever, companies saw they were having trouble keeping up with those payments. So it is now all upon the workers to provide for their own retirement, pay their own healthcare expenses, pay off their own debt, and somehow still be able to live a fulfilling life.
Is owning a home still essential to the American Dream?
The American Dream has come to include a job that has a good retirement plan. The Bottom Line 50 or 60 years ago, if you went to college, you could expect to land a job that paid well, took care of expenses, guaranteed a secure retirement, and provided all that you needed.
The American Dream was fulfilled by getting one of these jobs which essentially secured your home in the suburbs with a wife and a dog. Instead, it focuses on eliminating worries rather than providing comforts. The American Dream still exists, but it has taken on a new form.
Essay about the measurement from the primitive era to modern times
An introduction to the history and origins of the brehon laws
Describe and evaluate what pfizer is doing with its pfizer works
Compare and contrast essay on the book things fall apart nwoye and okonkwo
An asymmetric annihilation of american warfare essay
The human resources management of five star
An introduction to the comparison of multi level marketing and pyramid scheme
A biography of julius caesar a roman general
A look at the causes and treatment of creutzfeld jakob disease
Why do so many people keep pets essay
Letter of recommendation for college admissions application
Review of related literature of fast food chain
Greed and stupidity in the creative writing of john reeves
Sir george savile essay on king charles ii
The impacts of oil spills on marine and terrestrial ecosystems essay

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Here is a collection of my photos available to purchase including prints, cards and fridge magnets. Delivery: All prices include delivery to one UK address. Please allow seven days for delivery.
Please contact me if you are not in the UK and I will quote for delivery.
A6 sized card supplied with quality white envelope. Blank inside for your own message.


Please email me (callherhappy@gmail.com) to receive a copy of Call Her Happy's Media Kit or to inquire about sponsorship rates. I will get back with you as soon as I finish putting Sam down for his nap.
Call Her Happy recently partnered with Joules, Netflix, Windows, Amazon Kindle, Dove and many more. We are currently in the top 300 family blogs on Bloglovin'.
Finally, find out why sponsoring bloggers is effective.


text:
Dedicated To Sport Phenomenon: Atlanta Braves
Dedicated to Sport Phenomenon SOC 318 Sociology of Sport April 1, 2013 In today's society the common sports fans common interest usually involves a specific sports team. Although, the sports teams are typically associated with a geographic area, the fan base of that team can extend far beyond the city or region that the team calls home. I live in the State of Georgia and I have been to several different states throughout my life and the one of the common sport teams I can see supported by different people of all ages is the Atlanta Braves. Sports fans are an interesting group because "many are highly involved and have an emotional attachment to sport" (Shank, 1998). There are those that define themselves as "Braves Fans" or "Cowboys…show more content…
Though showing up as a Chiefs' Fan at a Raiders' game would provide substantial amounts of conflict, the phenomenon of sport dedication supports functionalism due to the singular focus, the shared value of the fan base of the team. A brief search of Google will return more than 24 million entries for "part of something bigger." Wanting to be part of a bigger organism and what it supports, namely norms, customs, traditions and institutions, allows for greater solidarity and social cohesion, (Coakley, J.…show more content…
They can brandish the title "Glutton for Punishment" as a Badge of Honor. Whether it is the ill-fated Cubbies Fan in Chicago that dreams of the post-season every off season (Cobdress, C. 2009) or the fabled New Orleans "Aint's" Fan of days gone by that would wear a bag over his head at the game to protect his image and identity, there are emotional risks to tying your affinity and fealty to a losing team. "To root for a team is to experience varying degrees of misery, whether you're devoted to a club that hasn't won a World Series in generations or one that just missed the playoffs or, one that muddles along so deep in the cellar that first place seems to exist only in a galaxy far, far away" (Taylor, P. 2009). Though it may earn you Andy Warhol's "fifteen minutes of fame," it may not always be worth it in the long run as Washington Nationals fan Stephen Krupin found out. Stephen Krupin was highlighted in Sports Illustrated as the Unluckiest Fan in America. "Not once in Krupin's 19 visits did the Nats deliver a victory. A number-crunching cousin of Krupin's calculated that the odds of his 0--19 season were 1 in 131,204, not all that different from the chances of getting hit by an asteroid, which, come to think of it, might be less painful than watching your team lose every time you show up." Krupin's response? "That's the
Cubs Optimism Essay
Their 2013 season was as dismal as their last ten seasons, in last place in the national league's central division with a record of 66-96. So why do fans still come to Wrigley, to watch the team of lovable losers? Wouldn't they rather see a team winning and being successful? The answer may lay in being optimistic. The Cubs were always positive, even when they blew a seven run lead in the 2003 national league division series, even when they lost the 1946 World Series in heartbreaking fashion on Jack Spinner's walk off home run in game 7 against the Brewers, even when the team's slugger Sammy Sosa was found guilty of steroid usage and was suspended, the Cubs and their fans still remained contended, even optimistic about their team's chances to win the Central and go to the playoffs.
Home Field Advantage in Sports
These men are on the field to make a difference for their community, family, and themselves and they are having to overcome a difficult factor that can't be determined, home-field advantage. From the beginning of birth I have always been interested in sports and the competitiveness of every aspect of life and how to win. Being a three sport athlete has helped me develop a numerous amount of tools in my "toolbox" to help me get a feel of each sport and how they differ from one another. Football is much different than baseball, baseball is much different than basketball, and basketball is much different from baseball, the one thing that they all have in common is that there are two teams and there is only one winner. I have managed to play baseball longer than any other sport and have stuck out the grind through 14 years.
Pro Athlete Salaries
When baseball's Babe Ruth was reportedly asked about earning a larger salary than the United States President Herbert Hoover during the Great Depression in the 1930's Ruth defended his salary in response, "Why not? I had a better year than (Herbert Hoover) did." Ruth earned $785,900 for 14 years in the MLB which hardly compares to New York Yankees' Alex Rodriguez who will make $33,000,000 in one year, not including endorsements. Even the best Olympic athletes don't make as much as these American sports athletes, such as Usain Bolt, who won gold in every event he participated in, yet makes substantially less than any of the American Athletes. Also, another problem caused by these
Sport Of The Turn Of The 20th Century
Sport Of The Turn Of The 20th Century Sports play a very big part in American society. In this paper I'm going to explain 3 different sporting events; Boxing, Basketball, Baseball. From the rules, objectives, and to mention a few famous stars of then and now. These sports came alive and symbolize America during the late 1800's to the early 1900's, took place across the nation from small towns to the largest cities. Boxing, is a popular international sport with both amateur and professional leagues.
Descriptive Essay on Football Experience
I remember the first quarter so well. I played horrible that quarter which I couldn't understand coming off an outstanding performance from the season opener where I recorded a school record for the amount of tackles by a single player in one game. I couldn't understand why I was having such a bad first quarter. Was it because of the mixed emotions and excitement for this big game? Was it because I was thinking too much because it was on live TV?
Gender and Sports Media
Just like any other media outlet, sports programs, newspaper sections, magazines, etc. have just as powerful of an affect on its viewers as do the tabloids and entertainment news shows. Athletes, professional or collegiate, are constantly in the media spotlight, and now more than ever. This is due to the rise of televised sports, sport specific television channels, and advertisements featuring athletes. Channels such as ESPN and all of its substations (ESPN2, ESPN News, ESPN U, etc.
Coffee Bean Direct Grew Business 20 Percent a Month and Reduced Transaction Processing Costs 50 Percent with Google Checkout.
Serving thousands of coffee shops and home consumers across the U.S., Coffee Bean Direct is among the fastest growing coffee companies on the web. Approach When Marketing Associate Floyd Wallace heard the buzz about Google Checkout, he was intrigued for several reasons. Checkout promised reduced credit card transaction fees, Google promotions, the Checkout icon on every Google AdWords™ ad, and easier transactions for customers. Since the beginning, AdWords has been a big component of Coffee Bean Direct's advertising and marketing strategy; Checkout seemed like a natural complement. "We are always excited to offer convenient choices for our customers," explains Wallace.
Effects of Commercialization in Sport
However, this has threatened the true meaning of the game. It has given rise to scandals involving players and media portraying being a good athlete will get you by with anything. While some people take the position that commercialization corrupts sports I believe there are probably more positives than negatives regarding commercialization in sports, but the negatives that are present are still worth talking about. Ultimately the biggest downfall of commercialization in sports is the craziness of all the advertising that goes on through sports. For example, the Super bowl, companies pay millions of dollars to get their perfected thirty-second commercial on the screen of the millions watching and the next day the majority conversations are not even about the game but about which commercial was the best some people even admitting the commercials are the only reason they
Social Networking Good for Society
IS SOCIAL NETWORKING GOOD FOR SOCIETY? Is Social Networking Good for Society? Social networking today is a requirement of our fast and advanced technological society. As America has moved deeper into the information age, Social Networking has provided an outlet for everyone to access information with incredible speed. While it has its cost to society, the positive impact it provides as a whole is worth any negative impact.
Are Actors and Professional Athletes Paid Too Much
A famous movie star can receive several millions of dollars for a single film as well as a football player has a one hundred million contract with a certain club. Like every problem, the question about the salary of actors and athletes has its supporters and opponents, but let us dwell on the positive sides of the high payment. It does not worth mentioning that actors and athletes work hard to achieve success in their profession; they have to keep to the standards in everything: shape, weight, fashion, etc. They spend more than 12 hours working on the role in the movie or training in the gym. The most reasonable explanation of the high payment is that these people present not only themselves but the whole country on the international arena in sports and art, so they should be supported and praised as they create the image of their country.
More about Dedicated To Sport Phenomenon: Atlanta Braves


text:
Hamada Times / News / Politics / Gombe PDP Stalwart Joins APC
Gombe PDP Stalwart Joins APC
. March 16, 2022
A People's Democratic Party (PDP) stalwart and former commissioner in the immediate past PDP administration in Gombe state Babagoro Abdulkadir Yahaya, has dumped his former party for the ruling All Progressives Party (APC).
The politician in a statement made available to newsmen in Gombe State said he is joining forces with Governor Inuwa Yahaya because the PDP lacks a pragmatic manifesto and focus as such, is doomed for failure.
He said he took the bold step to renounce his membership of the PDP to join the ruling APC in the State because it has been making waves and gaining new grounds to the detriment of what he described as the "increasingly sinking PDP whose dwindling fortunes are becoming glaring with each day's passage".
According to him, Governor Inuwa Yahaya's tenure in office has heralded a positive turn of events as well as unprecedented strides in various sectors, adding that the road networks dotting the state as well as electricity, pipe-borne water and other infrastructural and basic amenities put in place by the people friendly Governor is enough to attract any patriotic Gombe citizen to join the APC.
He said, now that he has crossed over to a Safe Haven and a suitable platform, it gives him an impetus to join in repositioning the State to make it a beacon of hope and envy of other people.
The new APC chieftain noted with delight that even outside the corridors of power, Alhaji Inuwa Yahaya was able to win the heart of the majority of Gombe people adding that nothing stops his reelection bid considering the incumbency factor and popular support he is still enjoying.
Babagoro called on the people of Gombe State to massively support the State's helmsman towards making the State the eighth wonder of the world.
Tags:PDP member defects to APC in Gombe
Senator Aishatu Binani Declares For Adamawa Governorship Race
BREAKING: PRESIDENT BUHARI HOSTS GOVERNOR BUNI IN LONDON


text:
Through Hollow Lands
Thomas Paul Burgess
Set in the US on September 11th 2001, 'Through Hollow Lands' tells the story of George Bailey,a charming but feckless opportunist who finds himself trapped in Las Vegas. He is followed there by Lou Plutus- his boss and a pornographer -from whom he has stolen a 'Kompromat' video of great importance to the Russian mafia. George also encounters Jaffe Losoko there, a naive, young Ethiopian woman he wronged some six years before. She now works in the Vegas sex trade.To escape, George must face his pursuers -the terrifying 'Triptych'-head on and make amends to Jaffe. Beset by angels and demons, truth-tellers and liars, he must pay for the sins of his past in order to find salvation beyond Vegas.
New York/Las Vegas/Grand Canyon
Status: Yes: with a Publisher
Publisher: Urbane Publishing
Novel offers a dark, compelling thrill ride, as we follow (supposed) survivors of the 9/11 attacks to the seeming purgatory of Las Vegas, Nevada. The novel is an allegorical tale, exploring the trauma visited upon the American psyche in the immediate aftermath of the 9/11 attacks.
In a stand-off situation at the Grand Canyon, George Bailey is re-united with the son he assumed aborted years before. But the forces of darkness marshal to ensure his damnation. Divine intervention of a sort, save the day.
Sexual Abuse, Substance Abuse, Extreme Violence, Incest, Language/Profanity, Nudity
Philosophical Questions, Twist, Meaningful Message
Internal Journey/Rebirth
Name: George Bailey
Key Traits: Charming, Desperate, Funny, Insecure, Lone Wolf, Secretive, Complex, Engaging, Manipulative, Narcissistic, Sarcastic
Name: Lou Plutus
Key Traits: Aggressive, Criminal, Manipulative, Sarcastic, Blunt, Desperate, Funny, Greedy, Power-hungry, Unapologetic, Villainous
Name: Beatrice Hatcher
Key Traits: Patriotic, Empathetic, Engaging, Flexible, Insecure, Modest, Perseverance, Romantic, Selfless, Faithful, Gracious, Honorable, Aspiring, Strong Moral Code, Complex, Naive, Obedient
Name: Jaffe Losoko
Key Traits: Sexy, Beautiful, Desperate, Engaging, Insecure, Modest, Naive, Seductive, Underdog, Aspiring, Charming, Complex


I am very satisfied with my service.
the fact i can suspend my service and pick it back up later, in fact i need to do it again. Can you send me a message that you got this? Turn off service till i call to pick back up.
Great response time for any problem and phone support when needed!
Everyone I have ever spoken to from Culligan of Marysville has been very helpful, professional and kind. Now that's customer service!!
When I feel I have a problem a Tec is here fast to get it checked out and fix the problem.
Wonderful staff and customer service!
They all are very friendly and helpful!
Our service tech Lacey was professional, friendly and knowledable. Is also like to add he was patient with me in explaining functionality and maintenance of our water systems. 10 stars for him! Best customer service experience I've seen in a very long time!
Culligan is the best on the market.
Absolutely everything! The water is great! The deliveryman, mine is Craig, is kind, informative and courteous!! And when phoning the office, I get kind words and greetings!! How unusual in businesses today!!
Bottom line, it's clean water, pure and simple.


The first RS Feva Grand Prix event of 2013 carried on as 2012 left off – sunny, light, shifty & extremely tricky! Grafham Water SC were the hosts for the 40 boats. The forecast was 3 to 6 knots on the Saturday & this forecast came true to form.
After a short postponement the fleet got away in 6 knots of breeze. Two boats were over the line but they came back. Arthur Brown & Niamh Davies lead at the windward mark as the wind dropped to 4 knots on the first leg. The Burnham sailors extended their lead at the leeward gate with Hannah Bristow & Bobby Hewitt in 2nd & Jamie Smith & Piers Nicholls in 3rd. By the 2nd windward mark Will & Matt Taylor had climbed from 5th to 2nd with Hannah & Bobby still in 3rd. The fickle wind then filled in from behind allowing Will & Matt to catch the leaders & after a perfect roll gybe they took the lead & blanketed Arthur & Niamh allowing Hannah & Bobby through to 2nd.
The back markers struggled to finish as the wind dropped to 3 knots but the start sequence for race two began as the wind built to 5 knots. A huge left shift as the gun went allowed a few boats to cross the fleet on port whilst many, by the committee boat, struggled to cross the line. It became clear how biased the first leg had become & so race 2 was abandoned. The wind then dissappeared but re-appeared in enough force to attempt another start. The second race restarted but another big left shift & a drop in strength to 2 knots resulted in another abandonment & the fleet was sent home.
Sunday dawned sunny & light again, but with a forecast of more wind later. The first start of the day resulted in a General Recall so the next start was on a black flag. The fleet got away in 7 knots of breeze with 3 boats black flagged.
Arthur & Niamh again lead the fleet at the windward mark from James Eales & Henry Collings; 3rd Alairic Bates & Matt Walker-Morecroft. As the wind dropped to 5 knots the leader pulled away even further. The race was shortened & won by Arthur & Niamh, whilst Harvey Martin & Will Ward took 2nd from Jamie & Piers who had been black flagged so 3rd went to Courtney Bilbrough & Orla Mitchell. With wind swings of 50 degrees, or more, the race team moved the course & eventually started the sequence for race 3 in 4 knots of breeze. However, the wind dropped and shifted left as gun went allowing one boat to port tack the fleet. Leading at the windward mark was Jamie & Piers; 2nd Sophie Hempsell & Emily Covell; 3rd James and Henry.
As the wind constantly shifted & pressure came through from different parts of the course Jamie & Piers did well to hold on to their lead whilst Will & Matt climbed through to take 2nd; in 3rd was Elliott Wells & Jake Todd.
The start sequence for race 4 was postponed as another huge left shift came through, but just as race 4 was about to start, another shift resulted in another postponed start at 1 minute to go!
Then the breeze came in at last – 10 knots of breeze so the warning signal went up again & finally the fleet got away. With gusts of 15 knots it was Elliott & Jake in the lead; 2nd Arthur and Niamh; 3rd Jamie and Piers. But the wind was still fickle & leading at the 2nd windward mark was Jamie and Piers with Harvey & Will up to 2nd & 3rd Arthur and Niamh. But there was more place changing to come & Harvey & Will lead at the final windward mark from Arthur & Niamh;3rd Jamie and Piers. Finally it was Arthur & Niamh who took the win; 2nd Jamie and Piers; 3rd Harvey & Will.
As the wind held, the final race got away swiftly & anyone of 3 boats could take overall honours. Leading at the windward mark was Will & Matt but they were quickly overtaken downwind by Elliott & Jake on the plane; 3rd James & Henry. The 13 – 15 knots of breeze allowed Elliott & Jake to extend their lead at wind ward mark; 2nd Harvey and Will; 3rd Will and Matt positions they held to the finish.
This gave the overall win to Will & Matt Taylor from Alton Water Sports Centre; 2nd Arthur Brown & Niamh Davies from Royal Burnham YC/Burnham SC; 3rd Jamie Smith & Piers Nicholls from Hayling Island SC.
Congratulations to the Race Team of Peter & Sue Saxton who managed to secure 5 races in the trickiest of conditions.


PERRY REVERSIBLE TOTE is rated 4.6 out of 5 by 18.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Dachshund from This bag is very functional and roomy I love Tory Burch Bags. They never disappoint on the size. I love the attached mini purse that's attached to this beauty. The colors are vibrant and classy. The leather is feminine soft and manly strong. I tried and almost did put the kitchen sink in this bag.
Rated 5 out of 5 by purseloverames from Durable soft leather I love the versatility of the reversible leather. At first, I thought I'd damage the leather when turning the bag inside out, and that the inside pouch would look weird. However the leather is durable enough to handle the flipping, and the contrasting pocket provides a nice color block style. The inside wristlet/zippered pouch is also a nice bonus. Note the bag is super slouchy though, so I am purchasing a felt purse liner to hold shape and provide extra organization.
Rated 4 out of 5 by Denise from Special gift. We bought this for my sister in law. She loved it. Getting a designer bag was a real treat. She particularly appreciated the two colors in one and the side pocket for her phone.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Chanti from LOVE LOVE LOVE! Purchased this beauty in the Light Umber / Dark Mahogany and since it has arrived I love everything about this tote, size, colour, quality, simple yet elegant features... perfect for everyday work or weekend attire!
Rated 5 out of 5 by DCPmom from One of my best purse buys This purse is so soft and supple. So far it is sturdy and holds my things. I haven't tried anything heavy like a laptop. I'm enjoying the color combo of pink and green. Very pretty together. I also haven't reversed it yet since I've only had it for a week. I would definitely recommend it.
Rated 5 out of 5 by PrettyinPink from Fire! I love this bag, the leather feels so supple. I purchased the green and pink combo and love it!
Rated 5 out of 5 by Shet from Super Tote Bag is absolutely fabulous. Love the color combination.
Rated 5 out of 5 by jcsimp24 from Great tote I had my eyes on this bag for sometime and finally decided to purchase it...the tote has meet all my expectations with the roomiest interior & the outside color!! I would recommend it most definitely!! Tory Burch Lover!!


More than two years after first being charged with five top-level violations, North Carolina finally appeared Wednesday before an NCAA infractions committee panel amid its long-running academic scandal.
School representatives - including chancellor Carol Folt, athletic director Bubba Cunningham and men's basketball coach Roy Williams - spent nearly all day in a closed-door hearing to start a two-day session in Nashville, Tennessee, before wrapping up in the evening.
In an email to The Associated Press, NCAA spokeswoman Stacey Osburn said the hearing would resume Thursday morning but declined additional comment. UNC officials who attended the hearing left without stopping to speak to reporters waiting outside the room in the Nashville hotel.
The panel will ultimately determine whether the school could face penalties that include fines, probation or vacated wins and championships. The panel, which would typically issues a ruling weeks to months after a hearing, is chaired by Southeastern Conference commissioner Greg Sankey and includes former U.S. Attorney General Alberto Gonzales.
The hearing is a major step toward resolution in an oft-delayed case filled with starts, stops and twice-rewritten charges.
''The hearing stage, no matter what size of a case, it's a big deal to any university,'' said Michael L. Buckner, a Florida-based attorney who has worked on infractions cases. ''I've been a part of what you'd consider small cases, I've been a part of one of the largest cases. And trust me: The client feels the same anxiousness and apprehension no matter what size of a case it is.
The charges include lack of institutional control in a case tied to irregular courses in the formerly named African and Afro-American Studies (AFAM) department. The case is an offshoot of a 2010 football probe, with the NCAA reopening an investigation in summer 2014, filing charges in May 2015, revising them in April 2016 and then again in December.
UNC's representatives at the hearing included football coach Larry Fedora and women's basketball coach Sylvia Hatchell. Jan Boxill and Deborah Crowder, two former UNC employees charged individually in the case, also attended with their attorneys.
None of the coaches are charged with a violation. But football and men's basketball are referenced in a broad-based improper benefits charge tied to athlete access to the irregular courses, while women's basketball is tied to a charge focused on a former professor and academic counselor providing improper assistance on assignments.
Fedora wasn't working at UNC during the time in question.
The focus is independent study-style courses misidentified as lecture classes that didn't meet and required a research paper or two for typically high grades. In a 2014 investigation, former U.S. Justice Department official Kenneth Wainstein estimated more than 3,100 students were affected between 1993 and 2011, with athletes making up roughly half the enrollments.
UNC has challenged the NCAA's jurisdiction, saying its accreditation agency - which sanctioned the school with a year of probation - was the proper authority. In a May filing , the school stated it ''fundamentally believes that the matters at issue here were of an academic nature'' and don't involve NCAA bylaws.


Martha's Vineyard students with dyslexia pitch their creativity at Alex's Place	.
How do you protect important papers from an unfortunate coffee spill? What's the most effective and convenient way to use technology to find lost items? How do you make man's best friend available on demand? On Thursday, Dec. 22, three teams of students from Dean Bragonier's innovative educational curriculum for students with dyslexia — Noticeability (NA) — gave their sales pitches for these ideas to a packed audience at Alex's Place.
NA is a nonprofit organization that caters its curriculum to the strengths of the dyslexic brain, and seeks to empower students to wear their dyslexia like a badge, rather than a mark of shame. It just concluded its debut semester in the Tisbury, West Tisbury, Edgartown and Charter schools. Two years ago, the Times reported on founder Dean Bragonier's efforts to raise funds by swimming around the Island over a six-week span, and his successful launch of an Island program last summer.
At the heart of the NA curriculum is the fact that while certain things, like reading and comprehension, are more difficult for students with dyslexia, there are other areas where they excel. "We have an ability to look at a situation and identify seemingly disparate pieces of information and blend those into a narrative or a tapestry that makes sense to us that other people can't see," said Mr. Bragonier. "This translates into an exceptional level of success in entrepreneurship, engineering, architecture, and the arts." He cites that 35 percent of entrepreneurs are dyslexic, 40 percent of millionaires are dyslexic, and 50 percent of NASA employees are dyslexic.
The focus of NA's first semester was building students' entrepreneurial skills, culminating in a simulated "Shark Tank" episode at Alex's Place where three teams presented an everyday problem, formulated a business plan to solve it, and worked to convince a packed audience of the effectiveness of their solution. The students radiated confidence and seemed excited to be in a safe, positive environment where they could express themselves.
From the Tisbury School, Ben Yancey and Owen Metell gave a convincing demonstration of their product, Permapaper, which is designed to prevent damage to important documents. In a skit the pair wrote, Mr. Yancey, dressed in a ski outfit, is ready to go on a field trip when he trips and spills hot chocolate all over his permission slip (as well as some of the audience in the front row). Mr. Metell explained how their product could have prevented the accident, and Mr. Yancey endorsed the innovative paper with a big grin and a strong thumbs-up. The duo were charming and persuasive, and they clearly enjoyed the experience of performing.
A trio of Charter School boys conceived of Zipdogs, a dog-rental service that eliminated the downsides of pet owning. The team proposed partnering with the MSPCA, renting out dogs to its customers, and taking care of all pet-related expenses. They created a prototype of the dog facility through Minecraft, a video game that allowed them to build digital models, and led the audience on a tour of their building. Christian Turner explained the nuts and bolts of the company's business model, while Jack Hayden and Kent Healy demonstrated different scenarios where Zipdogs would be effective.
solution to the age-old question, Where are my keys? Their company, In the Box, would provide its customers with the ability to track items small or large. A microchip called Boxlets connects to a smartphone application and bracelet that alerts a person, through a tone or electric shock, if they're moving away from an important item.
"Yes, this is about coming up with a business plan and going through this process," Mr. Bragonier said after the presentations, "but more important, I think, it's about what you just saw. For this kid [referring to himself], when I was a sixth grader, the last thing I ever wanted to do was be identified publicly as being dyslexic or having a learning difference.
"I feel like knowing that there are more people out there with the same disability as us makes it more comfortable and more welcoming to know that we're not alone with dyslexia," Ms. Benefit said.
NA is currently taught in juvenile detention facilities, youth nonprofits, and a handful of schools in Massachusetts, including one in Chelsea, and on Martha's Vineyard. Mr. Bragonier looks to expand into the Oak Bluffs School and the Martha's Vineyard Regional High School soon.
"If this is any indication of the future of this learning-difference movement, we're crushing it, we're absolutely crushing it," Mr. Bragonier said.