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An inside look at one of the first community solar developers in NYC
By Elise Baker
Community solar – relatively new nationwide – is a recent addition to New York City's energy landscape.
For those of us who care about the planet but don't have a single-family, detached house to invest in, it's a good deal. Solar panels are installed in a convenient location in a community, and residents of the area can purchase energy by subscribing to the project. The solar power is delivered directly to the local grid.
An aerial view of the first completed UrbnDER community solar installation
Going green without all of the strings
However, some community solar projects come with a drawback. A New York City renter may be unwilling to take on an energy lease that lasts longer than his or her rental contract. While not all community solar developers require long contract periods, many are financed by banks that require some kind of assurance that they can recoup their investment and earn a profit. This can take the form of multiyear contracts, credit checks or cancellation fees, depending on the project.
Enter UrbnDER, a new local solar developer. UrbanDER plans to make it easier for New Yorkers to sign up for community solar by offering options with shorter contract periods and no cancellation fees. This can be especially impactful for low-income and moderate-income renters who want to support clean energy.
Making the finances pencil out
Financial models for community solar can be complex, and UrbnDER provides an interesting look at how one works.
"The ability to take a vision, test it out in a market, talk to customers and then make it happen is super rewarding," Russell Wilcox, CEO and co-founder of UrbnDER, said about his new community solar project development venture. "Having our own financing has been a big differentiator."
Wilcox, who previously designed and installed solar systems with Bright Power, is using third-party finance to provide the upfront capital for investment in community solar projects in the city. The project financer agrees to take a slightly bigger risk on the willingness of solar subscribers to stick around for the duration of the project in return for federal tax credits, a share in the revenue from the solar energy and a one-time New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) grant that can be collected when the project is connected to the grid.
Offering a third-party finance option benefits building owners who want to host UrbnDER projects. While the financer offers the upfront investment capital, the building owner receives a roof lease for the solar installation. The lease model ensures that building owners see steady income from the project rather than having to accept the risk of whether the project will be fully subscribed at all times. Building owners also receive city property tax abatements and potential roof improvements bundled into the project financing. Although their tenants are given first priority to subscribe to the installation, owners are under no obligation to purchase any power generated by the installation, and anyone in the surrounding community can sign up as a subscriber.
Residential subscribers get a reduction in their energy bills – the industry standard is 10 percent. They are also helping to generate distributed renewable energy right in the heart of New York City, which has a huge electricity demand. When more renewable energy is produced in the city, less fossil fuel energy has to be imported into the city over congested power lines.
As for UrbnDER, it makes its revenue from handling project permitting, installation and ongoing maintenance.
One of our Clean Start colleagues poses by the panels he helped assemble
Let's talk transparency
However, it is important to note that unlike residents purchasing renewable energy credits from energy service companies like Clean Choice Energy or Green Mountain Energy, which sell the renewable attributes of clean energy to residents who want to promote zero-carbon electricity, community solar subscribers cannot say that they are using clean energy. While their money is undoubtedly resulting in new clean energy projects being built in New York City, the official clean energy attributes from the community solar project go to their utility, according to a recent article from Greentech Media.
Why would this matter? Since the utility can say that it is generating the zero-carbon energy from the community solar installation, it can count those credits toward its total zero-carbon requirements. It might choose to count the new solar installations in the city toward its total instead of investing in solar installations elsewhere. In that case, the new project would simply be replacing the zero-carbon value of another project instead of adding additional zero-carbon energy to the grid. If residents were given the renewable energy credits from the projects, then they could be certain that they were adding to the total renewable energy generated.
In reality, given the urgency of hitting the state's upcoming renewable energy milestones, the likelihood is that urban community solar installations will help utilities meet their renewable goals by putting more solar on the grid. And siting solar projects in an urban area where zero-carbon energy is tough to produce and in high demand is a huge step toward making a zero-carbon grid a functional reality. Allowing the utility company to take ownership of the renewable energy credits enables it to reimburse solar power subscribers at higher rates, improving the economics of community solar and encouraging more installations, according to Greentech Media.
The more panels, the better
Ilona Wilcox, co-founder of UrbnDER, explained that part of the advantage offered by community solar installations is that they create a business case for covering the entire roof space of large multifamily buildings, warehouses and parking garages with solar panels. Many of these facilities typically would not use enough electricity to take advantage of all of the roof space they have to offer. However, the community solar model exports the power produced directly to the electric grid and can offer subscriptions to any resident in the same utility 'load zone'. This makes utilizing all of the roof space available a practical business move.
"It was an interesting challenge: How do we put as much solar on these buildings as possible?" Russell said.
To streamline projects, UrbnDER partnered with a local real estate owner to identify 60 to 80 buildings with shared characteristics – moderate-income to low-income multifamily buildings built between 1930 and 1950. Then, based on preliminary solar designs created by Wilcox, they chose the buildings that would provide the best return on the investment. UrbnDER completed its first project recently at a Brooklyn multifamily building. The installation and interconnection went smoothly, and UrbnDER is now able to say that it is one of the first community solar development companies to have a foothold in the NYC metro area.
"We're confident that solar is in a good place," Russell said. "And we're super excited about the potential in New York City."
A Day in the Life of a Solar Installer
So, what is it like to build a community solar installation? Thanks to UrbnDER, several graduates of the NYU Clean Start program (including this writer) were able to join the build for a day program and experience the process firsthand. We gathered ahead of time to conduct safety sessions and receive a briefing on how we could assist. Having learned about the basics of racking and wiring connections, we spent a chilly winter day observing construction and helping out with some light tasks under the supervision of Russell and his team.
7 a.m. We arrived at the site, wearing layers of clothing to protect us from the wind and January temperatures. Russell showed us how to navigate from basement to roof. In this case, we were working in a walk-up building, which involved climbing five floors.
8 a.m. In the basement, we were put to work cutting through sheets of rubber with utility knives to create nonskid mats. The mats would be placed underneath the racking and panels, since the installation would be held in place by concrete blocks rather than being bolted to the roof. Since it was hard work cutting through the rubber, I made myself useful repairing a broken utility knife.
10 a.m. The piles of mats had grown quite high. Several of us started carrying them to the roof. While most items were lifted using a crane the day before, it was our job to transport smaller items by carting them up five flights of stairs.
11 a.m. We were still lugging mats, although with more and more frequent water breaks. Whew!
12 p.m. Everyone took a break for lunch. I tried hot sauce on roti for the first time. It turned out to be just the thing to warm myself up for the afternoon shift.
2 p.m. Back on the job. Under Russell's direction, we mocked up a two panel unit, complete with racking and concrete blocks. Then we measured it to check earlier estimates of dimensions.
3 p.m. People (much stronger than me) began carrying racking and solar panels to different locations on the roof to get ready for the next phase of the installation. I did a bit of light clean up and then photographed their efforts.
4 p.m. As the sun set and the wind kicked into high gear, it was time to make the site secure and knock off work. The installation was one day closer to completion!
By evening, I was forced to admit that physical labor is very physical. I enjoyed my day on the site, but I was glad to go back to my office job! My hat is off to workers who endure the elements full time to make projects like these a reality.
« The Green New Deal and Its Journey to Save the Planet from Climate Crisis
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Celebrating 50 Years Of BMW M
Sat 2nd Jul 2022
BMW's iconic M for Motorsport brand celebrates its 50th anniversary this year and at the recent Goodwood Festival of Speed the German automaker gave the new BMW M3 Touring and BMW M4 CSL their UK debuts.
The M brand was established in May 1972, initially to build on the company's presence in motorsport, but later with a series of road cars badged up with the famous M marque.
The M brand is now considered the premium trim-level of every BMW in the range, though the company does also offer 'M Sport' upgrades to cars in its line-up. The German car maker also has an even more exclusive range of M Performance models to further expand the classic series even further.
Recognisable for the specific BMW kidney grille, large air intakes, flared wheel arches and side skirts, the current list of M models include the M3 (G80 saloon), M4 (G82 coupe), M5 (F90 saloon), M8 (F92 coupe) as well as the X3 M, X4 M, X5 M and the X6 M.
At last week's Goodwood Festival we saw the first ever BMW M3 Touring, with the car also sporting MotoGP branding, as it has been adopted as the Safety for MotoGP and will also be present at the British Grand Prix in August. According to the company's press release, the M3 Touring offers an 'intoxicating blend of exhilarating performance and practicality'.
"The world premiere of the new BMW M3 Touring represents another highlight in our anniversary year, as we will be introducing a BMW M3 as a touring model for the very first time in our 50-year history," said Franciscus van Meel, CEO of BMW M GmbH. "Including this new high-performance automobile in our fleet of MotoGP safety cars is the obvious next step for us. Throughout our decades of partnership with MotoGP rights owner Dorna Sports, we have always set great store by providing the newest BMW M models for safety purposes at the circuit, and we are continuing this tradition with the BMW M3 Touring MotoGP Safety Car."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Kermit Pahkum McCourt believes everyone deserves a little (or a lot of) art. The artist in one of his signature wood tie creations.
Forgive me. I'm about to get carried away here about a beautiful thing. This is a local story, in that one of my favorite artists is about to open his own gallery nearby, a long-overdue and well-deserved cause for celebration.
But this is also a global thing. Because the artist, Kermit Pahkum McCourt, firmly believes that beauty should be accessible to everyone. He prices his work accordingly, and at his rate of production, there might just be enough to go around.
I don't know what else to call this but a study in mind-blowingly talented generosity.
I remember when I first met McCourt, at his work space in an industrial area near a rural stretch of freeway. He and his dog were there alone, surrounded by a breathtaking array of sculptures, paintings, furniture, garden installations and light fixtures. Eventually he added jewelry to the list of things he creates beautifully. I tracked down his work at the Flower Farm, a local coffee shop/ art gallery in my hometown of Loomis, CA, and gasped at the price tags. In a good way. Shock gave way immediately to the tingle of possibility at taking these wonderful things home to enjoy every day. There is no other feeling like it.
This is an old window. Glass is the canvas, and the original wood frame carries its job forward, beautifully repurposed.
He only creates with things that are existing. Canvases can be old glass windows in frames, sheets of metal, rough slabs of wood.
This canvas is actually a piece of sheet metal. Its frame is old wooden barrel planks.
Everything he turns into beauty had a life before. There is no waste. There is only re-creation. You won't believe what his eyes find in the jaded, faded, dented, twisted, rusted and discarded. That glorious approach to creation in a world that already has too many things, in a society that throws away without thought, deeply enhances the enjoyment of his work.
He is prolific. Unbelievably productive. Diverse. Tangential. Pioneering. Constant. Copious. There is always, always something new and different coming out of his studio. Jewelry. Ties made of wood. Paintings. This is a good thing. Because wherever he displays his work for sale, it is gone almost immediately. And there is always more. All of it wonderful.
What drives this fierce, powerful artistic engine? How to account for so much beauty at such a furious pace?
McCourt is fast and loose with the fruits of his pursuit of freedom. They are meant for you and for me to have. For a song. With love from the artist. In fact, you can identify his work by the trailing signature at the bottom of the canvases, but also by the word 'love', which he usually scrawls somewhere on the back, out of sight when the piece is hung, but there like a warm secret nonetheless.
His father Mike McCourt is a general contractor, and the years McCourt spent working with him and learning the trade have profoundly informed his art. He can transform a piece of wood into anything, wire the light fixtures he builds. twist scrap metal into beautiful and massive sculpture.
A headboard fashioned by McCourt from scraps of wood.
"I could swing a hammer ever since I can remember what a hammer looked like," McCourt says simply.
His mother Marlene Kramer remains one of his most ardent fans, with a home tastefully full of his art and furnishings. She let him completely remodel her kitchen when he was quite young, and the cabinetry he designed and built is a thing of functional beauty.
Later, when McCourt moved to Placer County, he continued to work with his father when he wasn't roaming the countryside with friends, enjoying the kind of partially feral childhood that is a cultural relic in these days of sedentary electronic usage, organized sports, and hyper-protective parenting.
Interestingly, he and his friends used to poke around the abandoned fruit packing sheds that are today a busy hub of galleries and artistic shops in downtown Loomis. It is here, in the High Hand 'sheds', that McCourt will be opening his own gallery on Friday.
McCourt attended Del Oro High School just up the road from the fruit sheds, where he took his one and only art class with teacher John Bowler.
After graduation, McCourt tried a brief stint at Butte Community College in Chico, but he was restless.
Instead he studied for and passed the test to become a general contractor. He started a contracting business with brother Quincy McCourt, and he held out for three years before giving in full time to his artistic destiny in 2009.
From the beginning, McCourt's work was a hit, selling out at the Flower Farm, High Hand, and Beatnik Studios in Sacramento as fast as he could produce it.
Close up of a piece on display at Beatnik Studios in Sacramento.
McCourt's work on display at the High Hand Artists' Cooperative Gallery, before he had a space to call his own.
Last year, his eyes craving new vistas to paint, he packed up his paints, his welder, brushes, jewelry making tools and wood-working equipment, and hit the road, travelling cross-country for ten months, working every leg of the way.
Supporting himself on the road was hard, he said. He sold his work at farmers' markets, flea markets and other local venues.
The artist's work on display during last year's cross-country odyssey.
He painted up a storm, made jewelry, and took some time to 'watch the whales migrate'.
McCourt and his constant companion, Mahkahnah.
He came home with a lot of work completed, and a renewed energy to produce more.
You can see some of it Friday, April 4th at the 'soft opening' of his gallery at High Hand from noon to 5 p.m. The official opening is May 3rd. While you are at High Hand take advantage of the wine tasting there, pop into the gourmet olive oil shop, visit the other galleries and the sprawling nursery. You can eat at the restaurant, which is located in a massive conservatory on the nursery grounds. But whatever you do, go and see McCourt's work.
For those of you not local enough to take advantage of his new venue personally, check out his Facebook Page. If you see something you like, get in touch with him that way. Enjoy. Tell your friends. Bring his art home. He wants you to. He'll make more.
I have admired Kermit's work for years and love that every piece captures his spirit. Thank you for highlighting a true artistic talent!
It was a privilege, Jen. Thank you so much for reading and commenting.
what an inspiring story, Kermit is one of a kind, a raw gem in his own right. So happy for the new endeavor! He will be able to bless more people with his love of art, within his own space he can call home. Perfect.
Thanks so much for reading, Sherri, and for taking the time to comment. I've never met anyone like Kermit. I wish there were more like him in this world. It would be a lovelier place.
Hey, Kid! Let's Do Lunch.


Excellent used condition Free People Studded Cuff Thermal in size medium. Wine color, which is a nice burgundy. I believe the second photo shows the color best as the first photo is slightly dark.
Knit thermal long sleeved top with banded scoop neckline. Metal studded and button detail on oversized banded cuffs.


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One acts take centre stage at Killoe
The Cilleo Yew Tree Players Ennybegs, Killoe, are once again ready to bring to stage their three one act plays. The group earlier this year celebrated 25 years in existence and staged 'One flew over the Cuckoo's Nest' to sell out audiences.
With rehearsals in full swing and not long till show time, the three plays to look forward to are: 'Bedlam', 'Nothing personal' and 'After Hours'.
'Bedlam', written by John Felton, is the first play. A middle-aged couple, George and Suzie, struggle with an ordinary, everyday event, in this case buying a new mattress. The ordering and paying last week was easy… now comes the hard part, waiting at home for the delivery man to arrive.
When George finds out they've delivered it next door, his blood pressure takes a turn for the worse as neighbour Becky describes arriving home to find the mattress and headboard blocking both her stairs and the door to the kitchen – no toilet and no tea tonight!
George alternates between frustration and rage in his dealings with various members of the shop's staff in his attempts to get it redelivered, until he hits on a cunning plan to force their hand. The comedy is true to life relating, as it does, a common problem, experienced by most of us!
'Bedlam' is directed by Donna Downey and stars Tommy Mollaghan, Donna Sorohan, Sinead McCormack and Charlie Canning. 'Nothing Personal', written by Hugh Leonard, is the second of the one act plays. This highly acclaimed play is directed by John Doherty and stars Thomas Brady, Sean Sheridan, Grainne Fox and Peter Brady.
It is set against the back-drop of the Northern troubles and it gives an insight into the dark side of life in Ireland in the 1980s. Phil is drawn into a situation, which is completely unexpected and alien to him, when he meets Pat and Betty who have a sinister agenda of their own. The play, loaded and tense, is a demanding piece of drama which is sure to provide quality enterainment for the audience.
'After Hours' is written by Philip Callan. This is an old radio play set in Bartley Brogan's Public House late one evening. Philip Callan's son, James (85), will grace us with his presence on the Saturday night. His daughter founded Garbo Productions in Dublin and is a script writer for Fair City.
This one act comedy is directed by Mary Mahon and stars Niamh Mahon, Mickey Kenny, Brendan Harte, Declan Rowley and Shane Sorohan.
This year the Cilleo Yew Tree players are delighted to be joined on stage by Shane Sorohan, Brendan Harte, Declan Rowley and Niamh Mahon, all of whom are making their respective stage débuts.
Declan Rowley, involved with the group for some time, directed 'Da' and 'Cash on Delivery', while Niamh Mahon has previously been involved with Backstage Youth Group. She is appearing for the first time with Cilleo Yew Tree Players.
Performances for two nights only, Saturday November 24th and Sunday November 25th, at 8.30pm nightly. Guaranteed a great night out with new faces and indeed lots of old familiar ones too. Tickets €10 and can be booked by calling 087 2911994. For further information visit: www.cilleoyewtreeplayers.com.
We would like to thank one and all for your continued support and looking forward to seeing you all after the shows. The group would like to wish Killoe footballers the very best of luck in Laois!


Editorial title 'In the name of Pakistan' appeared in New York Times.
Acting "in the name of God and a united Pakistan", forces of the West Pakistan-dominated military government of President Yahya Khan have dishonoured both by their ruthless crackdown on the Bengali majority seeking a large measure of autonomy for their homeland in the country's eastern region.
Any appearance of "unity" achieved by vicious military attacks on unarmed , civilians of the kind described by correspondents and diplomats who were in the East Pakistani capital of Dacca when the crackdown began cannot possibly have real meaning or enduring effect. The brutality of the Western troops toward their " Moslem brothers" in the East tends only to confirm the argument of the outright secessionists in Bengal who argue that differences between East and West Pakistan are irreconcilable.
Although this is a domestic dispute, the struggle in Pakistan could have dangerous international consequences, especially if a prolonged period of guerrilla warfare ensues. The least the world community can do at this stage is to call on President Yahya, in the name of humanity and common sense, to stop the bloodshed and restore Sheikh Mujibur Rahman to his rightful role as elected leader of his people.
Yahya Government. Economic assistance should be continued only on condition that u major portion be used to help bind up East Pakistan's grievous wounds.
Radio Pakistan is nothing if not official, and its claim that the situation in East Pakistan is returning to normal may be noted with that in mind. In fact with the expulsion of foreign reporters from Dacca there is no trustworthy source of present information. The official channels say what they are told to say. A rebel radio speaks of continued fighting in Dacca, Chittagong and elsewhere, but the authority of that source is not established. Intelligence by way of India is in large part rumor.
One thing does seem clear, however. The observations of the foreign reporters before they were expelled give a picture of the events of late last week quite at variance with the government's picture. The army, which is to say the West Pakistani army, did not act to suppress an uprising. It struck calculatedly, dealing death beyond all immediate provocation.
John E. Woodruff of The Sun, one of the reporters expelled, writes today from New Delhi of earlier rumors, received with some skepticism at the time, that President Yahya Khan's regime was deliberately prolonging the recent Dacca talks, to lull East Bengal into believing a compromise imminent, and then would attack without warning.
True or not, that reading is given credence by the regime's curious explanation that the crisis was brought to a head, and the brutal crackdown justified, on a legal technicality-that Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the Bengali leader, had demanded a turn-over of power to elected civilians before any meeting of the projected National Assembly. That the Pakistan People's party led by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto offers the. same story indeed suggests a scheme and a connivance not of recent date.
If the government's notion of normality is ruthless military oppression, -it may be that East Pakistan can be made to appear normal, after a while and for a while. Even that is doubtful; and it may be taken as certainty that the divisions between the two Pakistans have now been widened beyond repair, and that the East Bengalis will not permanently endure physical rule by troops who in looks and habits and language are, after all, foreign troops.


Specially designed for firefighting, the UPRIM (portable foam concentrate dosing system) has a 10 litre foam tank and has the extinguishing capacity of 40 fire extinguishers.
Very easy to use, the tank just needs to be filled using the large filling hole and then linked to a pressurised water supply.
Water to the UPRIM can be supplied by a fire hose cabinet or directly from a fire vehicle pump via a flexible hose.
Its premixing flow is 60 litres per minute and it can be adjusted thanks to its supply valve.
The UPRIM is very strong and rustproof with an indestructible roto-moulded polyethylene tank and backflow tube designed to resist very low temperatures.
Reliable and precise, it is able to dose the foam at 1, 3 or 6%.
The ergonomic portable foam units is equipped with a large carry handle, making it easy to hold whilst wearing gloves.
Thanks to the two types of rapidly interchangeable low or medium expansion foam jet nozzles, the UPRIM can produce very high quality foam.
Due to its vertical shape, the UPRIM can fit very easily in a fire cabinet, in the boot of a firefighting response vehicle or on a wall near to a fire hose cabinet reel.


See what's happening at The Coeur d'Alene Resort and plan your next stay!
Save the dates for all the fun upcoming events here on the edge of Lake Coeur d'Alene. What events will we be seeing you at this year?
Coeur d'Alene Resort Event Calendar Experience the sights, sounds and tastes of Coeur d'Alene's grandest traditions!
Reoccurring Events: Live entertainment, wine cellar tours, Sunday brunch, scenic cruises, and the farmer's market are just a few of The Coeur d'Alene Resort and local community reoccurring seasonal events scheduled!


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package v2ch03.net;

import v2ch01.io.IoUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created by qinbingbing on 8/17/16.
 */
public final class NetUtils {
    private NetUtils() {}

    public static String doPost(String urlStr, Map<String, String> nameValuePairs) {
//        PrintWriter writer = null;
//        Scanner scanner = null;
        URL url = null;
        try {
            url = new URL(urlStr);
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
        URLConnection connection = null;
        try {
            connection = url.openConnection();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }

        connection.setDoOutput(true);
        PrintWriter writer = null;
        try {
            writer = new PrintWriter(connection.getOutputStream());
            boolean first = false;
            if (nameValuePairs != null && !nameValuePairs.isEmpty()) {
                for (Map.Entry<String, String> pair : nameValuePairs.entrySet()) {
                    if (first)
                        first = false;
                    else
                        writer.print('&');
                    writer.print(pair.getKey());
                    writer.print('=');
                    writer.print(URLEncoder.encode(pair.getValue(), "UTF-8"));
                }
            }
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            IoUtils.close(writer);
        }

        Scanner scanner = null;
        StringBuilder resp = new StringBuilder();
        try {
            scanner = new Scanner(connection.getInputStream());
            while (scanner.hasNextLine())
                resp.append(scanner.nextLine()).append('\n');
            return resp.toString();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            if (!(connection instanceof HttpURLConnection)) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return null;
            }
            InputStream err = ((HttpURLConnection) connection).getErrorStream();
            if (err == null) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return null;
            }
            scanner = new Scanner(err);
            while (scanner.hasNextLine())
                resp.append(scanner.nextLine()).append('\n');
            return resp.toString();
        } finally {
            IoUtils.close(scanner);
        }

    };
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


With breath taking views over the mountains, this two bedroom unit is the ideal base for your next ski holiday. Perfect for couples or small families, Fountains Escape offers a spacious lounge/dining area, two cosy bedrooms, a well equipped kitchen and bathroom with washing machine.
Kitchen facilities include fridge/freezer, dishwasher, convection microwave, slow cooker and rice cooker.
Bed linen and quality shampoo, conditioner and body wash are provided.
Please note, Fountains apartments are in an elevated position, and access is via an external staircase. For this reason, the property would not be suitable for those with mobility problems.
Parking is in the overnight parking along great alpine road. Guest will need to purchase an alpine pass.


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World Bioenergy 2010: American company finds global customers
Bioenergy technology is not the only thing to be showcased in Jönköping, Sweden during the World Bioenergy Fair from 25-27 May 2010. Access to world markets will also be on offer.
"At the same fair two years ago we made a breakthrough in a new business segment with a brand we represent," says Morgan Ramstedt, CEO of S&H Teknik AB.
S&H Teknik is a subsidiary of Söderberg & Haak, a well reputed Swedish supplier of agricultural machinery since 1866. S&H Teknik was founded a few years ago to focus on markets outside the agricultural sector. The company entered the bioenergy market by becoming agents for biofuel crushers from the American machinery manufacturer Vermeer.
"At World Bioenergy 2008 we presented what was for us a new product range," Ramstedt says. "The interest from visitors to the fair was great, especially for a slightly special machine with low fuel consumption in relation to its capacity."
Opening up new markets
At the S&H Teknik stand the international flavour of World Bioenergy was obvious. Numerous visitors from outside Sweden stopped by and half of the orders that were later traced back to the fair came from outside Sweden. As a result Vermeer was able to establish a presence in two new markets by supplying customers in Spain and Portugal.
S&H Teknik will be back at World Bioenergy 2010 with a broader product portfolio, more brands and a number of new products, including quite a few dealing with bioenergy sorting. The new product which Morgan Ramstedt wants to showcase is a new type of machine that both crushes and chops.
Future trend
"As the number of biofuel boilers increases, the market is changing," Ramstedt explains. "The rise in fuel prices makes it more expensive to operate specialised machines, which have to be transported long distances in order to work at full capacity. The trend is towards bigger machines that can do more tasks and be profitable within a smaller geographic area."
As an example, the combined crusher and chopper can be used to crush stumps, tops and branches and demolition timber, and also to chop round timber and brushwood.
The success of Vermeer and S&H Teknik is just one example of how an international trade fair like World Bioenergy can help to spread knowledge and facilitate business deals within the bioenergy field.
SHteknik_2:
The next generation of biofuel crushers from Vermeer can also chop, and will be presented at World Bioenergy 2010.
Source: Elmia AB
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Join us Monday, November 9 for Solar Games 101
At the 2021 Solar Games next July 14-16, teams will compete live in the #isnaesna21 expo hall—building residential solar + storage systems in pursuit...


A student-pharmacist-led, California statewide teaching program for physicians, medical students, and other health care providers is successfully demonstrating the importance of health policy literacy and interprofessional education at a time in the U.S. that begs for systemic reforms. "At this point, we really have no choice but to look for team-based collaborations," said Helene Levens Lipton, PhD, UCSF School of Pharmacy faculty member. "We often pay lip service to the importance of interprofessional education. Our peer-to-peer Part D lecture delivers the goods."
The lecture is a component of a larger program, called Partners in D, that is led by the UCSF School of Pharmacy in partnership with 6 other pharmacy schools in California. Partners in D is funded by a $3.7 million grant from the Amgen Foundation.


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Home / Hemp Oils
Hemptons Organic Hemp Oil 500ml (glass)
Hemptons Hemp seed oil is made from organically grown non-GMO Seeds, it is not Irradiated and provides a convenient, live, whole Food Product, that is a complete, raw plant protein with all 20 Amino Acids and the 9 essential Amino acids that are crucial for good health and overall well- being. With branched chain Amino acids (BCAAs) and antioxidant factors with Tocopherols, Tocotrienols and Chlorophyll, Hemptons Hemp protein powder is easily digested, gluten- & lactose-free, making it ideal for Vegans and Vegetarians..
Nutritional Facts - per 100ml serving
Amount - % Daily Value
Calories 820 (3450 kJ), Calories from Fat 820 (3450 kJ), Total Fat 92g - 142%, Saturated 8g - 40%, Polyunsaturated 71g, Omega 6 54g, Omega 3 17g, Monounsaturated 10g, Cholesterol 0g - 0%, Sodium 0%, Potassium 0%, Charbohydrates 0%, Proteins 0%, Vitamin E 60%
Weight g - % Daily Value
Linoleic Acid (LA) (Omega 6) 50.91g - 55.77%, Alpha Linolenic Acid (ALA) (Omega 3) 16.73g - 18.33%, Oleic Acid (Omega 9) 9.42g - 10.32%, Palmitic Acid 5.29g - 5.79%, Gamma Linolenic Acid (GLA) (Omega 6) 3.63g - 3.98%, Stearic Acid 2.08g - 2.28%, Stearidonic Acid (SDA) (Omega 3) 1.08g - 1.18%, Arachidic Acid 0.72g - 0.79%, Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) 0.41g -0.45%, C18:1 Cis Isomers 0.33g - 0.36%, Behenic Acid 0.26g - 0.28%, C20:1 Cis -11-Eicosenoic 0.24g - 0.26%, Lignoceric Acid 0.12g - 0.13%, Myristic Acid 0.07g - 0.08%
Each 15ml (1 Tablespoon) contains the following Essential Fatty Acids:
Linoleic Acid (Omega 6)
Alpha Linolenic Acid (Omega 3) p>
Oleic Acid (Omega 9)
Gamma Linolenic Acid (GLA)
Octadecatetraenoic Acid
Eicosenoic Acid
Suggested Daily Dosage :
Adults: 1 to 2 tablespoons a day (approximately 1 tablespoon per 45Kgs of body weight)*
Children over 14 months: 2 to 4 teaspoons*
Babies under 14 months: 1 to 2 teaspoons a day*
* Always taken with food
This amount should provide between 8 to 16 grams of Omega 6 EFA and between 3 to 6 grams of Omega 3 EFA in a normal adult body.
Storage Suggestions :
Due to the high content of precious fragile EFAs, Hemp Seed Oil should never be used for frying or cooking, however it can be poured over pasta to give extra flavour. It may be used straight (1-2 tablespoons per day, or as directed by a doctor) or in place of all other vegetable oils i.e. salad dressings, sauces, marinades and low temperature cooking (below 25 °C).
Hemptons' organic Hemp Seed oil is cold-pressed at temperatures below 20? Celsius in an oxygen-free environment and nitrogen capped to maintain freshness.
Hemp Seed Oil requires cool and dark storage conditions - it is the very thing that makes Hemp Seed Oil such a valuable product that makes it vulnerable to spoilage - its high Essential Fatty Content content.
An opened container will last for ten- to twelve weeks in the refrigerator but should optimally be used within one- to two weeks.
An unopened container can be stored indefinitely in the deep freezer and one year in the refrigerator.
An unopened container can last four to six weeks if stored below temperatures of 25° Celsius and away from direct sunlight.
More about Hemptons Hemp seed oil
Hemp Seed Oil is recognized by the World Health Organization as a natural anti-oxidant and the only balanced (perfect 3:1 ratio of Omega 6 to Omega 3) source of Essential Fatty Acids (EFAs) and is also a good source of Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA).
Hemp Seed Oil should be taken daily because EFAs support the cardiovascular, reproductive, immune and nervous systems. Essential Fatty Acids are also needed for proper growth in children, particularly for neural development and maturation of sensory systems, with male children having higher needs than females. Foetuses and breast-fed infants also require an adequate supply of EFAs through the mother's dietary intake.
While there are many sources for Omega-3 PUFA in the diet, Hemp Seed Oil is exceptionally rich in these compounds, which are usually present in the nutritionally optimal ratio of Omega-6 to Omega-3 PUFA (LA to LNA) of 3:1 (Erasmus, 1999). LA concentrations normally range from 52-62% of total fatty acid composition while LNA concentrations ranges from 12-23%.
The proportions of EFAs in Hemp matches the ratios that have been determined by nutritionists to be most beneficial to human nutrition. Hemp seed oil contains omega 6 and Omega 3 EFAs in an ideal long term ratio of three to one (3:1). It also provides the derivative Gamma Linolenic Acid (GLA). Its content of GLA makes it unique among edible seed oils. No other common seed contains GLA. Hemp seed oil's unusually well balanced profile means that one could use it for a lifetime without ever suffering an EFA deficiency.
What's so Great about EFAs?
You need EFAs in your diet more than any other vitamin. Many researchers are linking EFA deficiencies with a variety of degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, skin afflictions, multiple sclerosis, PMS, behavioral problems, poor wound healing, arthritis, glandular atrophy, weakened immune functions and sterility (especially males). Lack of oxygen is a key factor in degenerative diseases and EFAs help bring oxygen into our system. EFAs serve what seems to be an unending list of vital functions in the body. Here's a sample of some of them:
Our body uses EFAs to construct membranes, create electrical potentials and move electric currents.
Their tendency to disperse gives biological systems the power to carry substances such as toxins to the surface of the skin, intestinal tract, kidneys, or lungs, where these substances can be discarded.
The chemical reactions on which life depends require a one-way movement of energy through molecules. EFAs play an important role in this function.
EFAs facilitate the recovery of fatigued muscles after exercise.
EFAs are precursors of prostaglandin's, hormone-like substances that regulate many functions of cells in all tissues.
EFAs are found around the hereditary material in our chromosomes, where they may play a part in maintaining chromosome stability and may have functions in starting and stopping gene expression.
EFAs help our immune system resist and fight infections and prevent allergies from developing.
EFAs are necessary for the development of brain and nerve cells and for healthy liver function.
Overall, EFAs are involved with producing life energy throughout our systems. They govern growth, vitality and mental state. They hook up oxygen, electron transport and energy in the process of oxidation. Oxidation, the central and most important moment-to-moment living process in our body, is the "burning" of food to produce the energy required for life processes. EFAs govern the life processes in our bodies. Life without them is impossible. When our foods are EFA-poor, we can expect a diversity of health problems.
The additional naturally occurring products in Hemp Seed Oil
As a result of the change in human dietary habits within the past century, the intake of trans fatty acids has increased dramatically. Studies have shown conclusively that trans fatty acids increase total cholesterol levels and diminish the levels of ''good'' high density lipo-protein (HDL). By supplementing the diet with high levels of unsaturated cis fatty acids, some of these negative effects can be reversed (Erasmus,1999). With respect to modern diets, the amount of LA consumed compared to the amount of LNA consumed has increased exceptionallyin the past 100-150 years (Simopoulos, 1994). This disparity has disrupted the proper balance of dietary essential fatty acids that is considered nutritionally optimal. In addition to the lack of these essential fatty acids in the diet, factors such as stress and disease weaken the enzymatic activity that promotes the conversion of LA to GLA (Deferne & Pate, 1996). Therefore, a supplementation of LA can be helpful to alleviate this potential deficiency.
In an ideal diet, the daily consumption of fats should not exceed 15-20% of total caloric intake. Approximately one-third of these fats should be the Essential Fatty Acids in their proper ratio. For a 2500 calorie/day diet, LA intake should be 9-18 grams/day, and LNA intake should be 6-7 g/day (Erasmus, 1999). This goal can easily be accomplished through the daily consumption of 3 to 5 tablespoons of Hemp Seed Oil. Although these are the ideal amounts to maintain a healthy, balanced diet, certain stresses to the body warrant increased consumption of Essential Fatty Acids, particularly the Omega-3 PUFA such as LNA.
Omega-3 PUFA have been reported to have an inhibitory effect on cancer and tumour growth. Increased consumption of Omega-3 PUFA have not been shown to exhibit any negative side effects, but their beneficial qualities have been repeatedly confirmed. In addition to their anti-cancer properties, Omega-3 PUFA have been shown to lower blood pressure and blood cholesterol levels, help normalize fat metabolism and decrease insulin dependence in diabetics, increase overall metabolic rate and membrane fluidity and exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, specifically with regard to relieving arthritis (Erasmus, 1999).
The benefits of Omega-3 PUFA are not only present when taken in large quantities but the regular intake of recommended levels (2-2.5% of caloric intake/day) can be sufficient to provide many of its nutritional qualities.
The essential role of LA and LNA in the human diet is related to both the inter-mediary and end products that they become through several biochemical pathways. LA is metabolized to GLA and subsequently Arachidonic Acid (AA). LNA is metabolized to both Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) (Simopoulos, 1994). EPA and AA are metabolized by the body into Eicosanoids.
These compounds ultimately become the Prostaglandins which affect such varied functions as blood clotting, inflammation response, and immune-regulation (Erasmus, 1999). During the synthesis of Prostaglandins from AA and EPA, there is a biochemical competition within the cell membrane (Simopoulos, 1994). The AA has a tendency to move out of the cell membrane and form type 2 Prostaglandins. EPA tends to promote the retention of AA within cell membranes, thereby preventing the formation of the unwanted type 2 Prostaglandins (Erasmus, 1999). When the ratio of the initial starting compounds is shifted in favour of LA however, it becomes more difficult for the products from LNA to sufficiently promote the retention of AA within the cell membrane. The resultant increase in type 2 Prostaglandin production leads to increased platelet aggregation and inflammation (Erasmus, 1999). The benefits of having the proper ratios of fatty acids, with respect to the metabolized products of LA and LNA, are the production of the proper amounts of Prostanoids and Leukotrienes which have anti-thrombotic, anti-vasoconstrictive and anti-inflammatory properties (Simopoulos, 1994).
Cannabidiol (CBD) has also been found to be present in Hemp Seed Oil as well. Although not explicitly produced within the seed, traces of Cannabinoid "contamination" have been reported to result from the pressing of the oil. The presence of CBD is significant because it has documented anti-convulsive, anti-epileptic, anti-cancer and anti-microbial properties. Although the levels of CBD in the oil are typically small, many health benefits may still be gained from its presence.
While many studies exist which base the nutritional value of Hemp Seed Oil primarily on its fatty acid content, there are other constituents which are contained within the oil that possess beneficial properties as well. Natural products such as ß-sitosterol and Methyl Salicylate and Terpenes complement the nutritious value of Hemp Seed Oil and increases its effectiveness as a functional food.
Hemp Seed Oil has a high content of the enzyme lipase, which is a superior non-invasive chelation therapy for removing plaque build-up (undigested protein and cholesterol) from arteries and cell membrane.
As mentioned before, Hemp Seed Oil is mostly known for its high quality and quantity Essential Fatty Acids. However, the oil also contain other natural occurring products. These natural products, such as Cannabidiol, ß-Caryophyllene, Myrcene, ß-Sitosterol, a/?-Tocopherol,and Methyl Salicylate may confer further health benefits to Hemp Seed Oil in addition to fatty acids.
Pharmacological Properties of Cannabidiol. Cannabidiol (CBD) has been shown to possess several desirable pharmacological proper ties which are exhibited in absence of the psychoactive properties of THC (Karler & Turkanis, 1981), which are usually associated with the cannabinoids. Although the levels of CBD normal detected in the oil is low, normally at 10 mg/kg, its presence could still provide some benefit. CBD has been reported to reduce tremors in dystonic movement disorders with minimal side effects (Consroe et al., 1986). Patients receiving doses of CBD ranging from 100-600 mg/day had tremor reductions of 20-50% (Consroe et al., 1986). The anticonvulsant and anti-epileptic activity of CBD has also been well documented (Karler et al., 1973; Karler & Turkanis, 1981). CBD has been found to be relatively selective with respect to the central nervous system (CNS), in contrast to THC (Karler & Turkanis, 1981). Its anti-convulsant activity is on the same order of magnitude of THC, but unlike THC, it lacks psychoactivity. CBD's added efficacy as an anti-epileptic, without the associated side effects of psycho-activity, give it great pharmacological potential.
Analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential has been reported in studies as well (Formukong et al., 1988). CBD has been shown to inhibit both the induction of phenyl benzoquinone (PBQ) induced writhing and tetradecanoyl phorbol-acetate (TPA) induced erythema (Formukong et al., 1988). The mechanism by which CBD achieves its anti-inflammatory properties is possibly related toits effect on arachidonate metabolism (Formukong et al., 1988).
Anti-microbial activity has also been reported for CBD. Specifically, CBD has been shown to inhibit the growth in Gram-positive bacteria such as Streptomyces griseus and Staphylococcus aureus (Ferenczy et al. 1958).
ß-Sitosterol
Another component of Hemp Seed Oil with several reported activities is ß-sitosterol. Although studies have primarily demonstrated the efficacy of ß-sitosterol in reducing hypercholesterolemia, additional anti-viral, anti-fungal and anti-inflammatory properties have been studied and observed (Malini & Vanithakumari, 1990).
Plant sterols have been known to affect plasma cholesterol levels by blocking cholesterol absorption through crystallization and co-precipitation (Mattson et al., 1982). Within the intestinal lumen, phytosterols reduce cholesterol solubility by excluding it from micelles, thereby preventing its absorption. In addition, competition exists between the sterols and cholesterol for uptake into the intestinal mucosa (Lees et al., 1977). A quantitative representation of this can be seen in human studies.
Patients given 500 mg of cholesterol daily in their diets in addition to 1 g of ß-Sitosterol showed decreased cholesterol absorption. Mean reduction levels were 42%, demonstrating the efficacy of ß-Sitosterol even at low concentrations (Mattson et al., 1982
ß-Sitosterol seems to be particularly effective in cholesterol uptake inhibition, especially when delivered through dietary fats (Lees et al., 1977; Mattson et al., 1982). No appreciable decreases in efficacy were observed, even with long-term administration (Lees et al., 1977). In addition, lack of toxicity and little, or no side effects have been attributed to ß-Sitosterol, making it an attractive option for long-term cholesterol reducing therapy (Lees et al., 1977; Mattson et al., 1982).
Although not studied as extensively as its hypocholesterolemic properties, relevant anti-viral and anti-inflammatory activities of ß-sitosterol have been shown. Isolated ethanolic extracts of Hedychium spicatum containing ß-Sitosterolshowed anti-inflammatory activity (Sharma et al., 1975).
Anti-oxidant properties of Tocopherol s have been known and exploited for some time. Traditional supplementation of Tocopherol s has primarily focused on its a form. Many plants however, including hemp, tend to have significantly higher levels of ?-Tocopherol . Although both exhibit antioxidant activity, their differing metabolic paths confer other specific activities to their respective isomeric forms.
a-Tocopherol is the primary (usually exclusive) Tocopherol in formulated vitamin E supplements. It is preferentially secreted into plasma as opposed to ?-Tocopherol which tends to be found in the intestine (Stone & Papas, 1997). It is a-Tocopherol's concentration in the plasma that gives it properties other than that of an antioxidant. a-Tocopherol may induce increased membrane fluidity through intercalation between fatty acyl chains in the membrane bilayer (Berlin et al.1992). Data suggests that there is a direct correlation between increased fluidity and a-Tocopherol content in the membrane (Berlin et al., 1992).
The biological activity of a-Tocopherol tends to be significantly higher than Y-Tocopherol as a result of its greater affinity to be secreted by the liver into very-low density lipoproteins (Stone & Papas, 1997).
This increased bioactivity does not however, make a-Tocopherol a more effective antioxidant; ?-Tocopherol inhibits phosphatidylcholinehydroperoxide formation more effectively at low peroxynitrite concentrations than does a-Tocopherol (Wolf, 1997). ?-Tocopherol has been shown to have significant antioxidant effects in vitro even at concentrations less than 50 ppm (Lampi, Hopia, & Piironen, 1997). In addition, Y-Tocopherol is overall more effective in protecting against coronary heart disease, as compared to a-Tocopherol supplementation (Wolf, 1997).
Perhaps the most interesting activity of Y-Tocopherol which has not yet been widely studied, is its ability to act as an anti-cancer agent, specifically with respect to colon cancer. Because ?-Tocopherol is secreted via the bile into the intestine and faecal material, it can inhibit lipid peroxidation and reduce the formation of mutagenic peroxidation products in the bowel (Stone & Papas, 1997). Ultimately, by being excreted into the colon, as opposed to being active in the plasma, Y-Tocopherol is able to minimize DNA damage caused by reactive nitrogen oxide species (Stone & Papas, 1997).
Within Hemp Seed Oil, Y-Tocopherol is present in significantly higher quantities than a-Tocopherol . They both however, play an important role as antioxidants in their respective physiological systems.
The presence of several terpenes were confirmed in the oil, the most abundant of which were ß-caryophyllene and myrcene which were found at 740 mg/L and 160 mg/L, respectively. The Terpene compounds are primarily found in the essential oil of Hemp rather than in the seed oil (Hendriks et al., 1978), as a result of their production in the glandular structures on the aerial portions of the plant. These terpenes impart Hemp with its characteristic smell.
Some pharmacological properties of ß-caryophyllene are anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective activities. In addition, it has been reported that myrcene exhibits anti-oxidant properties (Duke, 1999).
The presence of ß-caryophyllene and myrcene, even if only present as contamination components, add beneficial value to an already nutritionally important food product.
Methyl Salicylate (Oil of Wintergreen)
The medical benefits of plant salicylates have been enjoyed by people for centuries. Today aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid, a close relative of methyl salicylate, is one of the most widely used drugs in the world because of its antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Once injected, methyl salicylate can be hydrolyzed to salicylic acid, a common active ingredient of aspirin and most other salicylates. Thus, pharmacological effects of methyl salicylate are similar to those of aspirin. Also, millions of people regularly take low doses of salicylates (aspirin) to reduce the risk of heart attacks, strokes and cancer. Methyl salicylate deserves particular attention as a beneficial component of Hemp Seed Oil, even if present in trace quantities.
Vegan - Vegetarian - Preservative Free - Organic
Hemptons are a Johannesburg based company that have been manufacturing natural and organic Hemp based nutritional supplements, foods and body care since 2004.
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I'm checking out the new Observium appliance and was hoping to get some guidance on how to configure the email settings so i am able to receive alert emails.
Did you check Observium site I hopr below links can help.
I did launch it on Amazon EC2, unfortunately it didn't work kept saying "No reply on community public using v1"
Did you manage to get it eworking?
The appliance has been working quite well on our network besides the email portion which we could never get functioning.
Anyone have success with this aspect yet?
"Alerts in CE version are deprecated and not expected to work."
Guess it's time for (us) me to look tutorials in setting up sendmail and integrating it.
I was hoping the new release would have a fix, but that doesn't appear to be the case.
There is only legacy alerting code in the community edition currently, and it doesn't work properly.
Once development of the new alerting system is complete, it'll be pushed down to CE. It doesn't make sense for us to release unfinished code in CE as it's only updated every 6 months and would generate an avalanche of support queries for long-since-fixed bugs.
So don't bother with it for now. No alerting capability is as intended.
The alerts only work with the subscription version. I set my contacts up in the config.php file.
How to configure the email settings in Observium so i am able to receive alert emails. Any one please provide steps for Observium community edition email alert configuration in config.php.
As noted (even in the post directly above yours) that the email alerts does not work in the community version.
I need more information how I can configure the mail parameters..
As noted a number of times previously in this thread, Observium Community Edition doesn't currently support email notifications.
If you have purchased the subscription version of Observium, I suggest you check their documentation and/or contact their support mailing list.
Alerting works, but is very a lot much unsupported.
Thanks for the correction Adam!
Thanks so much for the correction Adam. I really appreciate that!
Yes, I know our release schedule leaves plenty of room for improvement too! :( We're working hard on fixing that, but as resourcing is one of our biggest hurdles. We have made some backend infrastructure tweaks which should (at least in theory) improve things. It means that we can update single appliances, rather than needing to update everything. So for projects such as yours with a stable release cycle, we're hoping to be able to keep things up to date a bit better.
But back to the issue at hand, all appliances have a local MTA configured (postfix). That allows users to use generic scripts/instructions to configure a remote SMTP relay.
Now that I'm aware that's back up and running, I'll make sure the next release includes email sending pre-configured and working!
Ahh. If the appliance is shipped with a working postfix, the user shouldn't need to configure much beyond : $config['email']['default'] = "user@domain.com"; $config['email']['from'] = "Observium <observium@domain.com>"; $config['email']['default_only'] = TRUE; The final line disables Observium's originally designed behaviour of sending alerts to the device's configured sysContact. Is there anything we can do to make releases easier? IIRC historically there have been a few issues with the appliances sometimes.
Thanks tons for the pointers with that. We'll be sure to include that in out next release.
Unfortunately, there's nothing anyone external can do to help just now. We're currently in the process of upgrading the base OS to Debian Stretch (the last release was Jessie based) so almost everything else has ground to a halt.
We were already running way behind schedule when we started and unfortunately, we've hit way more issues that we anticipated. Whilst it's incredibly frustrating, there's been some very valuable lessons for us to learn along the way. We're concurrently trying to build in fixes for internal friction points as we go this time around.
That's been a double edged sword though, extending the dev time of this release, but hopefully improving the release cycle once we finally get v15.0 out the door.
So long story short, fingers crossed we should have the next release of the library, inc a v15.0 Observium appliance with your latest build (available at build time) within the next month or so. Although we'll have to see how that timeframe goes.
Moving on from that, once we have v15.0 released, then we should be able to simply rebuild everytime you put out a new version. The grand plan is to automate as much of this as we can. We'll still do the final testing manually, but the build and preliminary testing should all be automated where possible.
So one thing that would be incredibly useful (post v15.0 release) would be new Observium release notifications. I have previously looked to see if you had anything like that (i.e. release feed, or announcement mailing list), but I couldn't find anything quite like that!? Did I miss something?
PS I generally prefer to have these discussions publicly, so this is great. But if you ever want to get in touch directly/privately, please feel free to ping me via jeremy AT turnkeylinux.org.
It should be working already!?
Have you double checked the config as per what Adam posted above?
If you have, then it should "just work". If it's still not working, then it is possible that your port 25 is being blocked, or your IP address has been blacklisted. You should be able to work around both of these, either by enabling an SMTP relay in Postfix, or by configuring Observium to use a remote SMTP directly.
If your server isn't able to send emails, then I suggest configuring a system level Postfix SMTP relay is preferable, as then you'll also get system emails (such as notifications about TKLBAM issues and other system notices). If you are running v14.2 then you can do that within the Mail relay section of Confconsole. Or you can also configure it manually.
Alternatively, if you wish to just configure Observium itself, then please follow their docs on that config.
First of all thanx Jeremy Davis for the information that you give me :). I have another problem now with the observium virtual image (ova) of turnkey. First is very slow and out of date. I have a problem when i get the last version of observium on ubuntu (even if i upgrade from turnkey observium virtual image). Some device (Emerson Power) are ok in old release of observium (the release that is in the turnkey ova image)... When i upgrade or make a new virtual machine with the new version of observium this device can not be added anymore. There is no reply from v1 ore v2c public community ... Is very strange... Why in the old release this device (Emerson Power ) are ok can be added and monitored, and in the new release is not posible anymore..... The new release of observium is very fast and its ok with the other device. Thnx folks.
Observium version can't affect wether the net-snmp tools recieve a response from your device. You likely have another problem causing this.
There is no real way to cause what you're describing. The SNMP communication is done by external binaries which are independent of Observium. Changing the Observium version won't change anything to do with the net-snmp binaries ability to communicate. The first step of troubleshooting this sort of thing is to verify that you can manually communicate with the device via the net-snmp tools from the Observium host.
Then this has nothing to do with Observium and is almost certainly a firewall (or less likely a mistyped community string) problem. Rule #1 of troubleshooting: It's always the firewall.
There is no way upgrading Observium can affect wether the net-snmp binaries can communicate. This is NOT an Observium problem. snmpget/snmpwalk are NOT part of Observium.
http://docs.observium.org/updating/ in the end is an upgrade to the last major release. Anyway i have installed in a fresh virtual machine from the scratch with the manual ther is in the observium webiste.
I Have try on observium host with command ./add_device.php 192.168.38.92 public v1/2c .... and the response is: Try to add 192.168.38.92: Trying v2c community public ... No reply on community public using v2c.
So unless my info is out of date, I'm pretty sure that's your issue with `./add_device.php 192.168.38.92`instead you'll need to have a DNS (or hosts file, etc) entry for your device first (which points to it's IP address).
As for the other issue, I recall seeing that somewhere along the line but I'm pretty sure, it was fixed for the newest TurnKey release (and sorry, I don't recall the cause).
Whilst you are right and the current TurnKey release has an out of date copy of Observium, you should be able to update it really easily as per the upstream Observium docs. As Adam notes, updating that shouldn't change how the MIBs operate.
If you want the best possible Observium experience, then it's probably worth upgrading to the subscription edition of Observium.


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Trainiax > Information > Website Building
Website Building - The Making of this Site
See also Site History—The iterations and variations of the site over the years
Creating and Editing Site Pages
Before anything can be uploaded, the webpages need to be created. Some web servers have site-building tools built in, but I won't delve into that here. There are two main ways of creating or editing a webpage before it's online: editing the code directly, or editing the page using a "WYSIWYG" program ("what you see is what you get") or software framework.
Direct Code Editing
I currently edit pages exclusively through the HTML, PHP and CSS code directly, and it's a good way to learn the basics behind a webpage. This method of building a website requires knowledge of the underlying code. The chief advantage of using this method over a WYSIWYG editor is that the resulting code is simpler and more elegant, allowing for easier editing and faster load times. It also allows for combining several languages together to create dynamic pages. However, creating the code for even basic operations such as text formatting or inserting an image can be time-consuming, and errors in the code can produce odd results. The flexibility of manual coding is often offset by time wasted in tracking down minor code errors or attempting to complete simple functions; I don't think I've ever written any code of consequence without having to go back and track down at least one or two errors.
A simple text editor, such as Notepad, is sufficient to edit the page code, but there are other programs (such as Notepad++) that offer syntax highlighting, which is immensely useful. Only the code is visible, without images or fonts, and a browser is necessary to view the page as it would appear online.
WYSIWYG HTML Editing
There are several programs available for WYSIWYG website creating. Until 2009 I used Netscape Composer, which came bundled with Netscape 4.7 and has long been obsolete. Other newer programs are available, and some word processing programs will work as well. The main advantage of this method is that the pages can be edited in a similar fashion to creating a word-processed document, so no knowledge of HTML code is necessary. The disadvantage, however, is that unnecessary "junk" HTML code will often make its way into the page, increasing load times and making it a hassle to edit the code later. MS Word is known to create enormous amounts of redundant code that may make a simple page ten times larger than necessary. Older programs may also insert HTML tags that are now deprecated.
My preferred method of editing the pages up to 2011 was a combination of manual and WYSIWYG editing. Many newer WYSIWYG editors allow instant switching between editing the page visually and editing the code, such as KompoZer (my replacement for Netscape Composer until switching entirely to manual code-editing). I edited the HTML and CSS code directly for tables and page layout, but typed paragraphs and edited headings using the WYSIWYG view.
Software Frameworks
A software framework refers to the use of ready-made code templates, compilers and libraries to achieve common functions, with the goal of allowing a greater focus on the "big picture" by reducing the time spent on low-level, technical programming details. Frameworks promote a building-block approach with reusable code, and can provide an interface to interact with the code indirectly (such as with WYSIWYG HTML editors). However, the use of frameworks often leads to "bloat" in the code due to the "one size fits all" approach to assembling the code. I don't use any external libraries or templates for this site—the closest I've come is to reuse many parts of my own code for similar functions on different pages.
Programming Languages - Static Pages
The most basic language used for websites is HTML, and it is sufficient for creating an interesting static web page. However, other languages can be used to create interactive and dynamic web pages, or even to reduce code clutter. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has excellent tutorials that define web-based languages in detail.
For the first ten years of this site's existence, the sole language used for its creation was HTML (HyperText Markup Language). The language consists of tags intended to define the structure of pages, and browser interpretations of these tags tend to be very forgiving of errors. However, with the advent of the browser wars of the 1990s, many tags related to presentation and styles (some of them proprietary) made their way into the language. In an effort to separate style from presentation, these tags have since been made deprecated or obsolete, replaced by CSS. This has returned HTML back to its original function of defining only the page structure. Starting in 2009, this site was designed to meet HTML 4.01 Strict guidelines. In early 2013, I started making the few minor changes necessary to upgrade the site to HTML5, which at the time was not an official HTML specification but which was eventually finalized in late 2014.
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a language designed to define the presentation of a web page. The power of CSS lies in its ability to remove the presentation information from the pages themselves, storing it instead in a single external stylesheet. As a result, one stylesheet can control the appearance of an entire website, making for a consistent appearance across all pages and incredibly easy presentation updates. Depending on the characteristics defined in the style sheet, two pages with exactly the same HTML code can have a vastly different appearance. This site has used a CSS style sheet since 2010, meaning that the pages themselves now contain little more than basic HTML code.
Programming Languages - Dynamic Pages
There are two ways of creating dynamic and interactive websites: through the browser (client) and through the server. Client-side languages require support from the browser, but allow for instant changes without reloading, while server-side languages can reliably create dynamic pages independently of the client.
PHP (PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) was originally conceived for web development as a server-side language, but it has since been adopted as a general-purpose programming language. It follows C-style syntax and is broadly similar to other high level C-style languages, such as C++ and Java. On a web server, PHP can create HTML code, access a database and add text from external files, allowing frequently used sections of code to be created with loops, functions or from external files—instead of repeating it on every page. Because it is processed at the server, it is not possible to read the underlying PHP code when viewing a page in a browser. When used in combination with SQL code designed to access a database, PHP can be used to present the results of a search.
This site makes extensive use of PHP for tasks such as accessing database tables of drawings and photos, printing automatic page update and statistical information, and even creating a rotating series of header images. Because common code sections are in separate external files (headers and menus for instance), the pages themselves contain little more than their own specific content, and maintenance requirements are vastly reduced. While PHP is very widespread, there are other server-side languages that can be used for many of the same tasks.
Javascript (not to be confused with the Java programming language) is used to create dynamic web content through a client's browser. As such, it depends on the browser having Javascript enabled. Javascript is useful for things like instant updates to images and forms, input validation, and page updates that don't require a server request. After years of rare and sporadic Javascript use in the site, I began to incorporate to a greater extent starting in 2016, notably with the photo search page and the table toggle system in some of the locomotive phase/roster pages. In early 2020 I made much more significant Javascript additions in the pages displaying the drawings and photos.
SQL is a language specifically designed for interacting with a database, and is structured to perform queries that access, insert or modify entries in a database. All the drawings and photos of this site (except for some old 1:55 drawings) are displayed using a database containing basic information about the locomotives or rolling stock (builder, model, dates etc.) and links to the associated images. While some general-purpose programming can be achieved with SQL, it is not well suited to tasks other than working with a database.
Pitfall Prevention
Here are a few things I've come across over the years of editing the site.
Code Validity
One of the challenges of writing code manually is ensuring that it is all valid, and different coding languages have different thresholds for errors. HTML tends to be very forgiving; for instance, a missing <tr> tag denoting a row in a table or a redundant </ul> tag closing a list will simply cause the page layout to be shifted slightly. However, PHP is generally intolerant of errors, breaking the page rendering if a single dot or semicolon is missing.
One reason I retain the HTML5 and CSS validation links at the bottom of the page is simply to make sure code updates are valid and older code is not deprecated. I end up correcting small errors revealed by the validation tests quite regularly.
When creating an HTML link, the full address of the link is necessary (complete with the "http://") unless the linked file is either in the same directory as the page, or in a subdirectory. Some servers are case-senstitive and won't recognize links if only one letter is incorrect. It's a good idea to develop a pattern for filenames, including consistency in the filename extensions.
Bitmap images are not suited to being displayed on a website, as I learned in the very early days of website building. All the images on this site are either GIF, PNG (both for drawings) or JPG (for photos).
Load times can be excessive when many large images are displayed on a single page, regardless of how the image is scaled on the page. Therefore, for displaying thumbnails, separate scaled image files should always be used. The full-size photos on this site are 1,000 to 3,000 KB, compared to 20 to 40 KB for the smaller versions. While some photo sites have automatic thumbnail generation, I've uploaded all my smaller photos as separate files. The amount of time and space they require is trivial, and having them as separate files cuts down on the processing power needed at the server. In the past, I used three sizes of photos (large, medium and thumbnail) but I've since downsized the medium photos to double as thumbnails, which significantly reduced space usage at a slight cost to bandwidth.
I've always tried to follow common conventions in web navigation, such as making all parts of the site accessible from each other, and not having content buried behind too many layers of links. When I converted all the site pages to a PHP format in 2009, it greatly facilitated making a uniform and easily updated navigation system since all the elements of the menus were now contained in single files independent of the pages themselves. I've also cross-referenced various pages, such as linking drawings with locomotive phases or photos with locomotive dimensions. While early versions of the site placed all navigation along the top, the PHP version follows an "F-layout" format with content in the left column and site/contact information along the top.
I've found that the best way to refine a site's navigation is to use it extensively - which I do. The Photos section of this site is actually the easiest way for me to find my own photos for reference for making drawings, and it's through performing countless searches that I've settled on the current interface and search options.
Mobile-First
Many websites starting around 2010-2015 developed a "mobile-first" interface, employing a minimalist appearance and large navigation buttons even when viewed on a desktop. By contrast, this site has always followed a desktop-first design, partly because my own web use is almost exclusively on a desktop (on which I find mobile-optimized websites can be very user-unfriendly) and partly because most of the content of this site - wide tables with many links and lots of data - simply cannot be shrunk for smaller screens. Nonetheless, in 2019 I created a responsive page layout that altered the page proportions or relocated the menu links depending on the screen resolution.
Hosting the Website
There are many existing servers available to host web sites. Host packages can either be free or require payment (usually $4 to $10 a month). While there are many good free web hosts out there, there are often serious restrictions, such as banner ads or limitations on file size and bandwidth. I've been hosting Trainiax using a paid account with Bravenet since 2005, and I've been satisfied with their decent hosting terms, prompt communication, solid uptime and rich feature set.
The alternative to signing up for an existing hosting package is to buy or build a personal server. In this case, the major cost is in the initial expense rather than in the monthly or yearly payments with an online hosting package. A purpose-built server can provide greater flexibility than an online hosting package, but (depending on the system) it may not offer the advantage of having files stored off-site.
Trainiax has been designed to conform with the following standards:
W3C HTML 5
W3C CSS level 3
Wave web accessibility
I also attempted to reduce load times by testing various pages with the Web Bloat Score Calculator.


SBS Transit Bus Service 60A is a Short-Trip Service variant of Bus Service 60.
The route operates from Eunos Bus Interchange and ends at Bedok Reservoir Road (Blk 608), operating only during the weekday evening peak hours. It also operates during late night hours on the eves of Public Holidays in tandem with the extension of train operating hours.
Short Trip Service 60A is a trunk service operating from Eunos Bus Interchange and ends at Bedok Reservoir Road (Blk 608) on Weekdays, except Public Holidays.
As a Short-Trip Service, the route operates during Weekday PM Peak hours and supplements the high demand for Service 60 from Eunos MRT/Int to residential estates at Bedok Reservoir. It also operates during late night hours on the eves of Public Holidays in tandem with the extension of train operating hours.


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SERGIO RAMOS kick-started Real Madrid's comeback as they came from behind to beat Girona 4-1 on Sunday evening.
The Real Madrid star, 32, scored a 39th-minute penalty to equalise after the hosts had taken a surprise lead.
With the likes of Gareth Bale, Karim Benzema and Toni Kroos on the pitch, it was something of a surprise to see Ramos selected to take the kick.
But as it turns out, he had a very valid reason for doing so... despite the serious nature of the game.
Going into the 2018-19 season, Ramos - incredibly for a defender - had managed to score a goal in each of his previous 13 La Liga seasons since making his debut.
Desperate to keep the streak alive, the Spaniard stepped up and coolly converted the spot-kick to not only keep Los Blancos alive in the game, but his streak too.
Later in the game, Real were awarded another penalty - and, almost to prove a point - Ramos did not take it.
That honour instead went to Benzema, who found the back of the net in the first of his two strikes on the night - with Bale also on the score-sheet.
Amazingly, only one other player has managed to score in 14 straight La Liga campaigns... a certain Lionel Messi.
While Leo has scored 384 times in that run - since 2005-06 - Ramos has "only" 54... which is still mightily impressive given his position.