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Tag: types of narrators
Unreliable Narrators – Differences in Style #6
Published on October 25, 2018 by theorangutanlibrarian32 Comments
It's been a while since I've done one of these posts (literally 4 months guys!) so some of you might have forgotten what they're about or maybe they're completely new to you. Basically, I love to chat about different writing styles and encourage people to view alternative styles as something that may appeal to different tastes (instead of seeing them as inherently "good" or "bad"). If you'd like to see more of my posts in this series, feel free to check these out:
Telling Vs Showing – Differences in Style #5
All that said, today's post is going to be a little different. Because, given how prominent this technique is in certain genres, I thought that this was a perfect opportunity to get in some good recs for Halloween. So for a change, this post is going to (mostly) focus on creepy characters and unsettling reads. Tis the season for some spookiness, after all 😉
Unreliable Narrators Defined
Unreliable narrators are those that can't (or won't) tell story objectively. The term is a relatively new one, as it was coined by Booth in 1961, however the use of such a character actually extends back to the dawn of Western literature. The lord of lies himself, Odysseus, is a great example of a character whose overinflated ego causes him to exaggerate and expand upon his exploits. Little character flaws can be used to manipulate the narrative and distance the reader from the truth of the tale.
Since the evolution of the term, much work has been done in the literary criticism world to explore this technique. This is why unreliable narration works so well. Types of unreliable narrators have been classified by the likes of William Riggan ie in his work: Pícaros, madmen, naïfs, and clowns (Picaros = boasters, naifs = immature narratures). One way I like to divide it up is into the fault of the narrator and the narrator merely being a victim of circumstance. If we look at a book like Gone Girl, we have two unreliable narrators creating a toxic environment for themselves and consequently causing the drama in their lives (which becomes the plot). On the other end of the spectrum, there are narrators like Pi in The Life of Pi, who, through no fault of their own, experience a severely traumatic event and slant the narrative through that perspective.
Now, for the most part, this centres on first person narration- though there are rare occasions when it could be used for second or third person. The best example of a second person narration where the story is told through an unreliable lens is Stolen, where the narrator addresses her kidnapper and it's increasingly clear has some form of Stockholm syndrome. Otherwise, unreliable narrators can incorporate some second person to break the fourth wall, such as in Notes from the Underground. Unreliable third person narration is a little trickier to pull off- because the author really has to pull a fast one on their readership. This would be something like a twist akin to a Sixth Sense where spoiler alert Bruce Willis' character is a ghost all along. I rarely see this sort of thing in books, but one example I've seen lately was in Safe Haven where, again spoiler alert, her friend was a ghost all along. This part of the book didn't actually work so well for me, because frankly it felt like too much of a curveball. Yet arguably books like A Monster Calls, though more ambiguous in whether they're unreliable or not, could be a more positive example of how third person unreliable narration in action.
Like I said, there's been a lot of research into this area, so there's more I could say on this definitions-wise, yet I think some of those subject fit more into the…
(and what you're here for- the examples! No spoilers except to say that there are unreliable narrators present)
Most obviously, unreliable narration is perfect for creating bold plot twists. There's a reason why it's very popular in thrillers, for example. A favourite of mine will always be Engleby (a book that's seriously underrated nowadays) where the clever characterisation of the main character drives the story forward.
Of course, one of the best things about unreliable narration is its power to create amazing characters. And not just the psychos of storyville, like Humbert Humbert. As previously mentioned, boasters also make up a huge number of unreliable narrators. Perfect for this time of year, I'd suggest the very atmospheric Name of the Wind. Kvothe, in my opinion, seems to warp some of the narrative to appear larger than life. Strong characterisation, in turn, is a powerful way to create voice.
It can also be used to create another dimension to the story. This is exemplified in Woman in the Window, where it's evident from the start that the main character has secrets and is slowly revealed through her backstory. We then come to see how parts of the narration were unreliable.
Structurally, this also creates other sides to the story. Books with unreliable narration can often incorporate flashbacks for instance. Or unreliable clues might be given through suspicious characters in the story- such as Mrs Danvers in Rebecca. This can create a fantastic Russian Doll effect of hiding clues within the story. Which leads me onto my main pro…
It turns the reader into a detective. It can be brilliant fun trying to figure out where the truth lies and piecing together that oh, hang on a minute, this narrator has been taking me for a ride. Dodgy actions (it dawning on the reader that a character that commits murder isn't to be trusted), unclear accounts (what's not included can be a massive hint that something's up) and the reactions of other characters can all help us figure this out (critic Nunning also explores the signs of unreliable narration in more depth). We can also find ourselves to be victims of a savagely dishonest narrator- which lends to a scary feel- such as in Confessions of a Justified Sinner or even Yellow Wallpaper. Yet, what's great about both of those, is that we can't be sure that in either of those everything we've been told was untrue. Which brings me to the fact that…
Unreliable narrators can create a sense of ambiguity. A lot of the time, we may be left wondering if they were reliable at all, and if they were, how unreliable were they? This can lead to a great deal of uncertainty- which lends to an uncanny feel and can be an excellent way to create mood. The Turn of the Screw is one of the best examples of this technique in action- we never get an answer to whether the book is supernatural or not. Being on uneven ground can be one of the most potent devices for scary stories. Nonetheless, there are some drawbacks to this.
On the flipside, placing the reader on unsure footing can put some readers off. Some people might want clear answers and be dissatisfied if the story is left open-ended. And while it can make some standout characters, it can also make for some truly detestable mcs, like Briony in Atonement. Naturally, unreliable narrators don't belong in every story or genre- readers might dislike being taken advantage of by a peculiar twist. In fact, if it does feel out of place, it can feel cheap.
As you might be able to tell, I struggled with the cons section. Obviously, this technique isn't great if misused and I know some people aren't keen on some specific books that use this technique- but I find it hard to see why anyone would be wholly against it. Personally, I see it as a way of showing how complex people are. It doesn't help that I'm often overly suspicious and *always* suspect first person narrators of something- after all, didn't House teach us:
That's why I can be dissatisfied with books where I expect there to be an unreliable narrator and they aren't (which may or may not be a teaser for my next review 😉 ). So while I understand that people don't necessarily like reading from the perspective of shitty people or might be scared off the genres they're in, I'm curious to hear why some people might not like this at all and would love to hear some reasons why people hate it.
So I'll pass the question off to you- do you like or dislike unreliable narrators? And if you're a fan, who are some of your favourite unreliable narrators? Let me know in the comments!
Categories Miscellaneous, Style, Thoughts..., writing•Tags amwriting, book, book list, bookish discussion, bookish thoughts, books, differences in style, halloween, halloween book list, halloween books, Thoughts..., types of narrators, unreliable narrators, writing, writing advice, writing style, writing techniques


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Jones Corral Guard Station
Dixie National Forest
Jones Corral Guard Station is located on the Dixie National Forest, 12 miles west of the small town of Antimony, in southern Utah. It was constructed in 1935 and has been used by generations of Forest Service employees working in the surrounding back country.
The guard station provides a great base camp for hikers, hunters, bicyclists and horseback riders, as well as off-road vehicle enthusiasts.
The rustic cabin can sleep four people comfortably, but up to six guests are allowed. Two sets of twin-size bunk beds and a double futon are provided. Guests must bring their own linens.
The kitchen is equipped with a propane stove and oven, a table and chairs. Pots, pans, dishes and utensils are not available and guests must bring their own. The cabin does not have running water.
Outside the cabin, guests will find a level parking area for RVs or trailers. A vault toilet, picnic table and campfire ring are provided.
No water or garbage is available; guests must bring their own supplies.
A high-clearance vehicle is required to access the guard station; Forest roads 125 and 126 are rough.
This is a 'pack it in, pack it out' facility; bring trash bags and remove all trash upon departure.
Limited cleaning supplies are provided and guests must clean up after their stay.
Non-flushing bathroom buidling, near cabin, walking distance, toilet paper is provided.
Please be prepared. Limited supplies are available on site, please be prepared with all of your own supplies.
Door entrance code is required to enter cabin. Code should be included in reservation letter. For questions please contact Rec.gov or call the Ranger Station at 435-676-9300 during normal operating hours Monday - Friday 8:00 a.m. and 4:30 p.m MT.
Please do not lock or block the cabin road entrance gate. If guest locks the gate, the lock will be removed.
Check out 12:00 p.m. and Check in is 3:00 p.m.
Click here for more information on the Dixie National Forest
Don't Move Firewood: Help prevent the spread of tree-killing pests in our national forests by obtaining firewood near your destination and burning it on-site. For more information visit dontmovefirewood.org.
The remote cabin sits on Mount Dutton at the edge of a beautiful meadow with scenic views. A forest of aspens and spruce trees surrounds the broad meadow. Average summer temperatures range from 74 degrees in the daytime, to 42 degrees at night. September temperatures range from 68 to 37 degrees and October temperatures range from 57 to 27 degrees.
Recreational opportunities include hiking, mountain biking, horseback riding, hunting, wildlife viewing and exploring off-road vehicle trails. The Fremont OHV Trail can easily be accessed from the guard station. Mount Dutton is well-known for its trophy game animals.
PO Box 80 PANGUITCH UT 84759-0080
225 E Center Street Panguitch UT 84759
From State Highway 89, turn east onto State Highway 62 and travel about 12 miles, where it turns into State Highway 22 just north of Antimony. In this town, Forest Road 126 will be found on the west side of the road. Travel along this high-clearance dirt road about 12 miles to reach Jones Corral Guard Station.
From Bryce Canyon National Park, travel north on State Highway 22 approximately 35 miles to Antimony. In this town, Forest Service Road 126 will be found on the west side of the highway. Travel along this high-clearance dirt road about 12 miles to Jones Corral Guard Station.
Site 01, Loop JCGS, Type Cabin Nonelectric

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Von der Leyen seeks EU lawmakers' support to become new Commission head
China warns meat exporters to comply with rules: sources
U.S. and Iran set to clash at U.N. nuclear watchdog
Kim Jong-un believes Trump is "different," State Dept's intel arm assesses
More than half of Indians satisfied with governance, Pew survey shows
ArcelorMittal South Africa to cut more than 2,000 jobs, shares drop
China tech bonds reward investors as trade war fears ebb
FILE PHOTO: Election staff check Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) machines and Electronic Voting Machines (EVM) ahead of India's general election at a warehouse in Ahmedabad, India, March 6, 2019. REUTERS/Amit Dave/File Photo
By Sanjeev Miglani
NEW DELHI (Reuters) – Most Indians are happy with the direction of the country and economic prospects for the next generation, a Pew survey published weeks ahead of general elections showed, although the level of satisfaction has fallen over time.
Lack of employment opportunities is India's biggest problem, said more than three-quarters of those polled, and that had not changed through most of Prime Minister Narendra Modi's tenure, the survey found.
The survey published on Monday said concerns about terrorism and Pakistan loomed large even before last month's crisis triggered by an attack on a security convoy in Indian Kashmir that Pakistan claims as its own.
Three-quarters of Indians believe Pakistan to be a threat and 59 percent said terrorism had become worse.
"But despite these worries, most Indian adults are satisfied with the direction of their country and the economic prospects of the next generation," Pew said, summing up the survey result.
Of those polled, 54 percent said they were satisfied with the way democracy is working in India. But satisfaction had declined 25 percentage points from 2017, when 79 percent voiced approval.
Men are more likely than women to give Indian democracy a thumbs-up, though one in five women decline to offer an opinion, it said.
There were 2,521 respondents in the Pew Survey run from May 23 to July 23, 2018, the final year of Modi's term before the election, at which about 900 million people are eligible to vote.
Modi is considered the frontrunner to win the election that begins on April 11, but his lead is narrowing and several polls have suggested his Hindu nationalist-led group may fall short of a clear majority required to rule.
Renewed tension with arch foe Pakistan has shifted attention somewhat from bread-and-butter issues to national security over the past month, to the advantage of Modi's Bharatiya Janata Party.
Critics have accused the BJP of creating a climate of fear among India's Muslim minority by promoting a Hindu-first agenda and targeting it for the slaughter of cows they consider sacred and have sometimes questioned its allegiance to India.
The BJP denies bias but says it opposes appeasement of any community.
Muslims make up about 14 percent of India's population of 1.3 billion.
(Reporting by Sanjeev Miglani; Editing by Clarence Fernandez)
Around 1.85 million people affected by cyclone in Mozambique: U.N.
Pakistan's top court grants bail to former PM Sharif on medical grounds


A couple months ago we found ourselves the proud owners of a cute little kitten. We learned, from the people who gave us the kitty that she was female.
We found out later that this cute little girl kitty was, in fact, a male.
Okay, so we didn't check the parts very carefully.
Next time we won't believe what the previous owners tell us.
Now coming up with a name....Bessie WAS the name.


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'Huge fan of nuance': ABC breakfast host Sammy J welcomes complexity
By Michael Lallo
January 11, 2020 — 11.00pm
"I'm a huge fan of nuance," says Sammy J, who begins as host of ABC Melbourne's breakfast radio slot on January 20. "I feel like that's gone missing [from public debate] in the last few years. If in my own little way I can bring that to the show I present, then great."
Sammy J is ABC Radio Melbourne's new breakfast host. Credit:Penny Stephens
Sitting by a window in ABC's Southbank headquarters, Sammy J – the stage name of 36-year-old Samuel Jonathan McMillan – opens his leather-bound diary. Its pristine pages will soon be filled with a daunting array of jobs: radio five mornings a week, comedic sketches on ABC TV each Thursday and a show at this year's Melbourne International Comedy Festival. "I had a brief moment of stress until my wife said, 'You don't have the right to whinge about this'," Sammy says, noting that "too much" work is better than the alternative.
Comedians should be able to say whatever they want but you have to know it will have an effect.
Sammy J
Over the past two years, his ABC predecessors Jacinta Parsons and Sami Shah bore the brunt of listeners' anger over the axing of long-serving breakfast anchor Red Symons. While Parsons has been re-deployed to the afternoon shift, Shah was left without a permanent role. "We're hoping a new host will allow us to draw a line under all this and move on," says one ABC staffer.
Sammy knows it will take time to win his audience's trust. To prepare, he assigned himself some homework, studying maps of Victoria and memorising local government areas. "All the advice I've been given is that listeners can smell a fake straight away," he says. "If I don't know something I'll be honest – and that involves a fairly major suppression of my ego."
As a comedian, he's accustomed to crafting his stage shows and TV sketches; when he filled in for Parsons and Shah last year, he experienced the "terror" of live radio. "Then my live performance instincts kicked in," he says. "Even though I had no idea what a caller was going to say, I enjoyed the banter."
As his profile grows, so does the chance a reporter will dig up a "problematic" utterance from his past, triggering a belated wave of outrage. This is one reason he's stayed off Twitter and while there are some jokes he'd no longer make ("my early, pathetic attempts at satire would undoubtedly be seen as offensive"), he rejects the reductionist mindset that deems entire topics off-limits for humourists. "Comedians should be able to say whatever they want," he says. "But you have to know it will have an effect and if you care about your audience, you should be mindful of that."
Growing up in Mount Eliza, Sammy's boyhood shyness gave way to teenaged class clowning. At 15, he mocked his own nerdiness in a Red Faces segment on Hey Hey It's Saturday, earning the respect of fellow students – including those who had bullied him. "I shed my inhibitions to the point where the school principal wrote me a lovely reference but finished with, 'Just don't give him a microphone'," he says. "Obviously, I didn't give that reference to the ABC."
Reluctant to "waste" his good grades on a career he might enjoy, he enrolled in law at Melbourne University. Two-and-half years in, he switched to media and arts but his involvement in the university's famous Law Revue convinced him to pursue live comedy. Even now, fans ask how he ventriloquises his comic partner Randy, a purple puppet operated and voiced by Heath McIvor. "People watch us sing two-part harmonies and still give me the credit," he says.
Sammy was just 12 when his first Green Guide letter was published: a complaint about reviewer Lawrie Zion claiming The Lion King was better than Pocahontas ("You're comparing chalk and cheese, Lawrie"). His next letter criticised the TV series Xena: Warrior Princess "for not portraying ancient Greeks the correct way", and as an adult, he urged The Age to ditch its broadsheet format after his paper blew away in a windy park – in front a Herald Sun reader, no less ("I refuse to be made a laughing stock").
Such stickler tendencies, I suggest, align nicely with the uncompromising standards of ABC Radio listeners. "The fact I was writing those sorts of letters when I was 12 says something about my personality," Sammy admits. "Evidently, I am of a certain mould."
Though news, sport and weather are now easily available online, he believes local radio is as important as ever: "I've come to properly appreciate its role as a town square. We're all watching or streaming our own things but radio still brings people together."
ABC Radio Melbourne breakfast airs 5.30am weekdays; Sammy J starts January 20.
Sammy J on…
Political satire: "I don't think I've ever uttered a public political opinion in my life. People make assumptions [about my political leanings] but my job is to present a satirical take on the government of the day. I was disappointed about the election result because I was looking forward to digging into Labor and having a new array of characters to play with."
Donald Trump: "Making fun of Trump is fairly boring to most people now because it's been done. He satirises himself."
Live performance: "I'm known to be a confident performer but when I'm off stage or out of the studio, I revert quickly to a primary school version of myself. I can crumble if I'm talking to a mechanic about my car."
Melbourne radio
Michael Lallo
Michael Lallo is a senior culture writer at The Age and The Sydney Morning Herald.
Most Viewed in Culture


In a challenging Equithème Leading Pony Showjumper of the Year Qualifier at The College Equestrian Centre in Keysoe, Bedford, Elizabeth Baker rode the only clear round of the class to scoop first place.
Each of the thirty-four starters were keen to pick up one of the three qualification tickets on offer for the Championship Final held at Horse of the Year Show later this year. The technical course saw poles fall and only one clear produced in the first round.
Traveling from Eastry, Kent, 16 year-old Elizabeth Baker put in the winning performance on board Adams Fancy, a 13 year-old chestnut gelding owned by Piers Hammond. This combination kept a cool head to produce the only clear of the competition, crossing the finish line in 100.52 seconds.
The riders and ponies that finished in first to fourth took home the chance to compete in the Equithème National 148cm Championship at the British Showjumping National Championships.
The Horse of the Year Show 2018 will take place from the 3rd – 7th October at Birmingham's NEC. The British Showjumping National Championships 2018 will take place during the 7th – 12th August at the National Agricultural and Exhibition Centre (NAEC), Stoneleigh Park, Warwickshire.
Established in 1985, Equithème has gone from strength to strength in creating beautiful collections for both horse and rider. Designing and developing matching collections using fun and vibrant colours, the stylish ranges make the brand stand out in the equestrian market around the world, by using high-tech quality fabrics and a focused attention to detail with a French touch. This established French brand is famous for its forward-thinking style and one of the most iconic collections across Europe. Horse wear and apparel by Equithème is always designed around what riders, horse owners and horses themselves need out of their clothing or equipment. For more information please visit http://www.equitheme.co.uk.


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The voltage regulator consists of differential amplifier which compares reference voltage with voltage from feedback divider. It adjusts the impedance of the pass PMOS transistor for stabilization of output voltage at the set level. The output voltage adjustment is defined manually.
Input voltage: 2.7...3.6 V. Output voltage: 2.5...2.7 V. Maximum load current: 20 mA.


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DCP Team Receives $100,000 for Heat Research
By: Kyle Niblett
A team from the University of Florida College of Design, Construction and Planning received $100,000 in funding for their project entitled, "The Heat + Affordable Housing Network: Exploring Landscapes of Thermal Inequity in the Southeastern U.S." The funds are part of the $171 million the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration awarded this past month to improve the United States' resilience in the fight against the climate crisis.
"Heat is the number one cause of deaths each year in the U.S. in terms of weather-related factors," said UF Assistant Scholar Andrea Galinski, who serves as the Principal Investigator on the project. "Certain communities are definitely more vulnerable due to long-standing social and environmental inequities. Perhaps surprisingly, many people are most vulnerable in their own homes, so looking at the intersection of heat hazards and affordable housing programs is critical."
With heat research being a hot topic, there has been a recent explosion of new research, local heat adaptation plans and city "chief heat officer" roles over the past few years.
"DCP is poised to be a leader in this domain as well," Galinski said. "We are very excited to collaborate with amazing university partners across the Southeast."
The project is designed to create a regional "Heat + Affordable Housing Network," which will explore the compounding impacts of rising temperatures on affordable housing communities in the southeastern United States. The goal of the network will be to develop strategies for healthy and resilient affordable housing, supportive social systems, as well as equitable land use, zoning, and building and urban design that enable communities to flourish in a changing climate.
Joining Galinski on the team as Co-PI's from DCP are FIBER Associate Director Jeffrey Carney, M.E. Rinker, Sr. School of Construction Management Director of Graduate Programs and Research Ravi Srinivasan, and Anne Ray of DCP's Shimberg Center for Housing Studies.
Rounding out the team are a number of Co-Investigators from Emory University, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Florida International University, Florida Housing Coalition, and the National Low Income Housing Coalition.
Andrea Galinski is an Assistant Scholar in the Department of Landscape Architecture, and a Research Affiliate with the Shimberg Center for Housing Studies.
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AmeriCorps Is Almost Old Enough to Drink
The national service organization turns 20 this year, and three ex-presidents will join President Obama to say, "Happy Birthday."
Russell Berman
This article is from the archive of our partner .
Like many of its volunteers, AmeriCorps is almost 20 years old.
Three of the four living ex-presidents will join President Obama – two from afar – in celebrating the national service organization's 20th birthday on Thursday, the White House said.
Former President Bill Clinton will speak with Obama on the south lawn of the White House, while 90-year-old former President George H. W. Bush will participate in a pledge ceremony marking the occasion from his home in Kennebunkport, Maine. The younger President Bush has filmed a video that will be played at dozens of ceremonies across the country.
In a statement Tuesday, the White House noted the role that each of the leaders played in creating and expanding AmeriCorps, in which more than 900,000 Americans have served in the last 20 years.
The elder President Bush signed legislation in 1990 creating precursors to AmeriCorps, while President Clinton in 1994 signed the bill that actually formed the program. President George W. Bush expanded the initiative by 25,000 volunteers after the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, and President Obama built it out even more in several pieces of legislation and executive actions.
Wendy Spencer, the CEO of the agency that administers AmeriCorps, said the program had been "a remarkable force for good" over the last 20 years.
The participation of four presidents in this nationwide pledge ceremony is a testament to the value of AmeriCorps and its indispensable role in solving problems, strengthening communities, and expanding economic opportunity."
The White House said that since its inception, AmeriCorps volunteers have performed more than 1.2 billion hours of service and earned more than $2.7 billion in educational scholarships through the program.
This article is from the archive of our partner The Wire.
Russell Berman is a staff writer at The Atlantic, where he covers politics.


We are so pleased to announce that the first floor at the centre is now open.
The gym is now upstairs along with an extra studio.
Downstairs flooring has been replaced and we can now offer an even larger community space if required.
Come on down and check out your sports and community centre.


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, & (20160324). Part B Commentary on Judgments and Awards in Maritime Boundary Delimitation Disputes, 11 Denmark v. Norway (Judgment of the International Court of Justice, 14 June 1993). In A Practitioner's Guide to Maritime Boundary Delimitation. : Oxford University Press. Retrieved 18 Jan. 2021, from https://opil.ouplaw.com/view/10.1093/law/9780199657476.001.0001/law-9780199657476-chapter-14.
, and . "Part B Commentary on Judgments and Awards in Maritime Boundary Delimitation Disputes, 11 Denmark v. Norway (Judgment of the International Court of Justice, 14 June 1993)." A Practitioner's Guide to Maritime Boundary Delimitation. : Oxford University Press, . Oxford Public International Law. Date Accessed 18 Jan. 2021 <https://opil.ouplaw.com/view/10.1093/law/9780199657476.001.0001/law-9780199657476-chapter-14>.
, and . "Part B Commentary on Judgments and Awards in Maritime Boundary Delimitation Disputes, 11 Denmark v. Norway (Judgment of the International Court of Justice, 14 June 1993)." In A Practitioner's Guide to Maritime Boundary Delimitation. : Oxford University Press, 20160324. https://opil.ouplaw.com/view/10.1093/law/9780199657476.001.0001/law-9780199657476-chapter-14.
, . Part B Commentary on Judgments and Awards in Maritime Boundary Delimitation Disputes, 11 Denmark v. Norway (Judgment of the International Court of Justice, 14 June 1993). In: A Practitioner's Guide to Maritime Boundary Delimitation. Oxford University Press; 2016. https://opil.ouplaw.com/view/10.1093/law/9780199657476.001.0001/law-9780199657476-chapter-14. Accessed January 18, 2021.


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Архиепи́скоп Амвро́сий (в миру Анато́лий Па́влович Щу́ров; 28 марта 1930, Киселёво, Кашинский район, Калининская область, СССР — 8 ноября 2016, Иваново, Россия) — архиерей Русской православной церкви, архиепископ Иваново-Вознесенский и Кинешемский. Профессор политологии и философии, действительный член международной Академии гуманизации образования.

Биография
Родился 28 марта 1930 года в деревне Киселёво Кашинского района Калининской области в крестьянской семье.

В 1949 году по окончании десяти классов средней школы поступил в Московскую духовную семинарию. Особое влияние на него оказал инспектор семинарии архимандрит Вениамин (Милов), а также профессора Николай Доктусов, протоиерей Сергей Савинский, Дмитрий Боголюбов.

23 июня 1952 года архиепископом Ярославским Димитрием (Градусовым) рукоположён во диакона целибатом. 29 июня, по окончании МДСиА, архиепископом Ивановским Венедиктом (Поляковым) рукоположён во иерея и назначен настоятелем церкви села Толпыгино Ивановской области. Храм, в котором до назначения иерея Анатолия не совершались богослужения, попечением настоятеля был отремонтирован, восстановлено осквернённое кладбище.

17 декабря 1954 года архиепископом Венедиктом (Поляковым) пострижен в монашество и определён настоятелем Крестовой церкви при епархиальном управлении. 31 декабря 1954 года переведён настоятелем Воскресенской церкви села Толпыгино.

24 сентября 1961 года был назначен настоятелем Благовещенской церкви села Воронцово Пучежского района Ивановской области.

11 мая 1962 года был вновь переведён настоятелем Воскресенской церкви села Толпыгино.

26 июля 1965 года зачислен в клир Преображенского кафедрального собора города Иваново, а 4 ноября 1966 года назначен настоятелем этого же собора.

С марта 1965 года служил последовательно благочинным храмов Приволжского, Юрьевецкого, Кинешемского и 1-го округов Ивановской епархии.

С 1965 года член епархиального совета. В 1966 году был возведён в сан архимандрита. С 1967 года — председатель епархиального совета.

Архиерейство
18 октября 1977 года хиротонисан во епископа Ивановского и Кинешемского. Хиротонию совершали: митрополит Таллинский и Эстонский Алексий (Ридигер), архиепископы Калужский и Боровский Никон (Фомичёв), Волоколамский Питирим (Нечаев), Дмитровский Владимир (Сабодан), епископы Звенигородский Анатолий (Кузнецов) и Рязанский Симон (Новиков).

С 24 июня по 4 июля 1983 год посетил Святую землю и Иерусалим.

25 февраля 1991 года возведён в сан архиепископа.

С 1997 года руководил пастырско-богословскими курсами, впоследствии преобразованными в духовное училище. При Шуйском государственном педагогическом университете им создана кафедра теологии, в 1997 году архиепископу Амвросию присвоено звание почётного профессора теологии Шуйского университета. В 1998 году избран действительным членом Международной академии гуманизации образования.

13 марта 2002 года решением Священного синода титул изменён на «Иваново-Вознесенский и Кинешемский».

В годы управления им епархией было открыто десять монастырей, несколько монашеских общин.

В связи с достижением 75-летия подал прошение о почислении на покой. Священный синод 19 июля 2006 года постановил архиепископа Иваново-Вознесенского и Кинешемского Амвросия почислить на покой и выразил ему благодарность за понесённые долголетние архипастырские труды по управлению Ивановской епархией.

8 августа 2006 года на внеочередном заседании Ивановской областной думы депутаты одобрили предложение о присвоении звания почётного гражданина Ивановской области архиепископу Амвросию.

Скончался утром 8 ноября 2016 года после тяжёлой продолжительной болезни. В связи с кончиной архиепископа соболезнования высказала великая княгиня Мария Владимировна Романова. Отпевание архиепископа Амвросия состоялось в Преображенском храме 10 ноября, погребение — у Петропавловского храма на кладбище в Балине (Иваново). Места отпевания и погребения были указаны в завещании.

Награды
Церковные:
 орден преподобного Сергия Радонежского II—III степеней;
 орден благоверного князя Даниила Московского II степени;
 орден святителя Иннокентия Московского II степени;
 орден преподобного Андрея Рублева II степени.

Светские:
 орден Почёта
 орден Дружбы

Примечания

Литература
 Федотов А. А. Архипастырь. — Иваново, 1998. — 44 с.
 «Я возжелал заповедей Твоих». Памяти архиепископа Амвросия (Щурова) / Ред.-сост. А. А. Федотов. — Иваново, 2017. — 474 с.
 «Я возжелал заповедей Твоих». Памяти архиепископа Амвросия (Щурова). — 2-е издание. / Ред.-сост. А. А. Федотов. — Москва, 2017. — 512 с.
 Архипастырь. Памяти архиепископа Амвросия (Щурова), Почетного гражданина Ивановской области и города Иваново. К 90-летию со дня рождения / Ред.-сост. А. А. Федотов, Р. М. Шарипов — Владимир; Иваново : ПресСто, Издание Свято-Боголюбского Алексиевского мужского монастыря, 2020. 80 с.

Ссылки
 К святости призван каждый // pravmir.ru, 3 июня 2007 г.
 Алексей Федотов Архиепископу Амвросию (Щурову) — 85 лет

Архиепископы Русской православной церкви
Почётные граждане Иванова
Выпускники Московской духовной семинарии
Кавалеры ордена Святого благоверного князя Даниила Московского II степени
Кавалеры ордена Преподобного Сергия Радонежского II степени
Кавалеры ордена Преподобного Сергия Радонежского III степени
Кавалеры ордена Святителя Иннокентия, митрополита Московского и Коломенского, II степени
Кавалеры ордена «Знак Почёта»

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Meta Religion / Neurology / Disorders /
Brain Target For Stress Disorder
Blocking a molecule in the brain may "cure" post-traumatic stress disorder, according to US researchers.
They showed that inhibiting a specific enzyme removed fear in mice and report to journal Nature Neuroscience that the finding may lead to new treatments.
Around a third of people may suffer PTSD after an exceptionally traumatic event, such as a terrorist attack or a natural disaster.
Experts said it was early days but the findings were worth exploring further.
There is currently no treatment for PTSD although antidepressants and sleeping pills can help with the symptoms, which include flashbacks, anger, anxiety and depression.
Professor Li-Huei Tsai and colleagues in the Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department at MIT looked at the effects of an enzyme called Cdk5 in the brains of genetically engineered mice which had been given mild foot shocks.
When re-exposed to the same environment but without the shocks, mice in whom the researchers had increased levels of Cdk5 activity had difficulty letting go - or extinguishing - the memory of the foot shock and continued to freeze in fear.
But in mice whose Cdk5 activity was blocked, the bad memory of the shocks disappeared when the mice learned that they no longer needed to fear the environment where the foot shocks had occurred.
The enzyme activity was modified in the hippocampus - the brain's centre for storing memories.
Traumatic experience
Emotional disorders such as post-traumatic stress and panic attacks stem from the inability of the brain to stop experiencing the fear associated with a specific incident or series of incidents.
A study conducted by the US Army in 2004 found that one in eight soldiers returning from Iraq reported symptoms of PTSD.
The National Institute of Clinical and Health Excellence estimate five in 100 men and 10 in 100 women in the UK will get PTSD in their lifetime.
In guidance published in 2005 NICE said the condition was under-recognised in the NHS and better screening and treatment was needed.
Professor Tsai said: "This data points to a promising therapeutic avenue to treat emotional disorders and raises hope for patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder or phobia."
Dr Jonathan Bisson, senior lecturer in psychiatry at the University of Cardiff and co-chair of the NICE guideline group said the finding was "potentially a significant advance".
He added: "Translation of them into an effective treatment for PTSD is a long way off, and may not be possible.
"But the results are consistent with current theories on the development and maintenance of PTSD symptoms and it is an area very worthy of further investigation."


Newtons Solicitors has announced plans to develop a full-service office in Stockton, following the successful opening of its latest branch. The company, has also recently made some significant hires, as it further invests in the area.
The brand-new office of Newtons in Stockton has enjoyed a healthy start, with plenty of new instructions, support and interest from Stockton agents and the local community.
Jackie Howard and her team have been appointed to start building the Stockton office of Newtons. Jackie was previously at Freers Askew Bunting Solicitors. Well-known and respected, Jackie specialises in residential property transactions. She has a wealth of experience in the local property market gained over a thirty-year career in conveyancing.
The firm is also pleased to welcome Rory Gibson, a former branch manager at Handelsbanken to its Durham office. With a highly-regarded reputation and a career that includes major companies, including Handelsbanken and Barclays, Rory will be working introducing the firm to businesses in the Durham, Stockton and Darlington areas.
Located at the Rivergreen Centre, at Aykley Heads, the Durham-based office of Newtons made a profit after only two months of being opened in autumn 2017 by award-winning insolvency and turnaround specialist and director of Newtons Andrew Cawkwell together with senior commercial property solicitor James McEwen.
The team have seen a number of significant client wins and panel appointments, including Atom Bank and Northumbrian Water.
Chris Newton, managing director of Newtons Solicitors says: "An important part of delivering our expansion plans is making sure we have the right people in the right places. Our new hires mean we can continue with our planned growth as well as deliver a fantastic service to our clients.


Building Wealth: Is a Second Home Worth the Investment?
So, you've watched your practice grow from the few patients you served during its early days. Now patients milling in and out of your office, and leaving with wide, clean smiles. That should leave a smile on your face too, since you the people end up in your office, the more money you get.
And with all that extra cash, buying a second home can seem like a safe investment. There is always value in real estate, and you'll be able to rent it out in order to get an extra source of income. Buying a second home can seem like it'll make you more than a dentist – it may make you a landlord, or an entrepreneur.
However, there are a lot of things to consider before buying a second home. You need to ensure it's in a good location, and that it's well built. You should also have a clear idea of what you'll use the property for. Do you want to make it a vacation home, or a rental home?
Keep reading below to learn the questions you need to answer before buying your second home!
Is It A Second Home, Or Just A Vacation Home?
There is a difference between buying a second home and a vacation home. If you're on the lookout for a second home, then you should probably look for something close to your first one. You shouldn't have to travel too far to access it, and you should be prepared to maintain it like your first home.
That's because your second home will house the same kind of memories and moments like your first one. It'll be a place your children may end up owning one day, and your friends may stay in it a few times. You want it to be as well-kept as your first home as if it were lived in all the time.
Yet, if you want a vacation home, you won't need to worry about it for most of the year. You may need to hire a cleaning service to ensure that it stays spiffy. You may also need to hire preventative services to keep the house well-maintained while you're not there.
But besides that, you won't need to worry about it. You'll be able to find a house in almost any popular vacation spot, so you'll always have a place to stay. You also won't need to worry about filling it with furniture or food.
A vacation home is just a place to stay for a few weeks or months during vacation. You don't need to work on it as much. However, a second home will take just as much as your first home.
Before buying a second home, you should inspect it as thoroughly as your first one. You may even want to give it a closer inspection since you won't be there as much as your first one. Even the smallest issue can develop into a serious problem if you aren't there to notice it.
That means that if you see even a small crack on one your windows, you should consider replacing it with a company like Warmseal. A loose shingle on your roof should prompt you to inspect the whole roof. And a squeaky floorboard or a suspicious wet spot should be investigated.
Otherwise, you run the risk of developing problems like mold or infestations.
You should also consider weatherproofing your second home, especially if your home is on the beach. Storms are getting stronger, and they can wreak absolute havoc on your second home. You don't want to lose everything in it just because you didn't seal your windows.
Are You Ready To Rent It?
If you're thinking about renting your new property, there are many things you should consider. The dentistry business is toilsome and tiring, but being a landlord can be worse. Not only do you need to be available for your tenants, but you also need to go through extreme lengths to maintain your property.
Whenever something breaks in your property, it may be your responsibility to fix it. There are laws governing how much time you have to fix critical systems like your HVAC or your plumbing. And if you're involved in your dental practice, you may not have the time to address new issues.
You also need to make the time to market your property and find new tenants. Most aren't going to rent your property if they can't find you, which means you need to invest time to market it. And after finding tenants, you need to keep in constant contact with them to collect rent, address issues, and make them feel welcome.
There's more to renting your second home than just opening your door to someone. If you can handle the cost, there are management companies that will take over most of the work for you. Yet, they're not cheap, and you may see profits from your investment dip as a result of the cost of their services.
Are There Safer Investments You Can Make?
If you suddenly see yourself with a large influx of cash and are looking to invest it smartly, there are other options than real estate. Having a second home may be a point of pride for you, but there are other ways to invest.
You can open an annuity or any other kind of retirement plan to ensure you live comfortably after finishing your dentist career. You can also invest in stocks and purchase blue-chip stocks to safely and quickly grow your wealth. You could also simply save it, or build up your current home to make it more valuable.
You should never think that you need to buy a second home to safely store your wealth. There are many investment avenues you can take advantage of.
Buying a second home is intimidating and involves a lot of work, but it could be the right choice for you. You may want to ensure that your children have a place to stay when they grow up. You also already have perfect tenants in mind that will make your investment pay off.
Nobody knows your unique situation as well as you. But you should always be careful when you try to invest the cash you make off your dentist practice.
You could also purchase property to open a new office. Reinvesting into your practice can only mean more revenue down the line. And if you're thinking about expanding, keep reading here! We update our website with new property listings so you can easily find new markets to serve new patients in!


text:
AU News
First webinar held by the Clamp Divinity School
Alumnus used experiences in Louisiana flood aftermath to counsel fellow pastors in Covid-19 crisis.
For the first webinar held by the Clamp Divinity School at Anderson University, Dr. Jeff Stanfill encouraged fellow pastors to be faithful in four ways as they preach during the Coronavirus crisis:
Be faithful about the event;
Be faithful among the people;
Be faithful in your calling;
Be faithful to God.
Dr. Stanfill, a 2019 alumnus of AU's Doctor of Ministry in Biblical Preaching program, shepherded members of Covenant Community Church through 18 months of uncertainty after the largest recorded flood in their region struck in 2016. The flood pushed water up to eight feet into 10,000 homes in the Baton Rouge, Louisiana, region. Dr. Stanfill and fellow alumnus Dr. Eric Ayala shared lessons they've learned about ministering during a crisis through a free, April 3 webinar.
An August 2016 Louisiana flood pushed 35 inches of water into Dr. Stanfill's home and up to eight inches of water into three of his church's four buildings. It took the church 18 months to move back into its buildings. Forty-five percent of Covenant's 60-family congregation was affected by the flood, Dr. Stanfill said.
"It took quite a bit to recover," he said.
Usual sources of reprieve and assistance, from motels to home improvement stores, were flooded too. That the flood "created a lot of inconveniences is a gross understatement," Dr. Stanfill said.
Dr. Stanfill and his family were out of their home for seven months. During the recovery, he and other pastors in the region preached differently to meet the spiritual, physical, psychological, emotional and social needs of people weathering the crisis. A month before the flood, Dr. Stanfill enrolled in AU's DMin program, using his ministry experience during the flood and its aftermath as the subject of his dissertation for the program.
"There are some things that could be redeemed from this," said Dr. Stanfill, who interviewed seven other pastors from the region about how they preached in the months following the flood. He used his findings to write the dissertation, and those findings, including his own experiences, also prepared him to counsel other pastors during the current Covid-19 crisis.
Dr. Stanfill encourages pastors to be faithful in four domains to minister through crises:
1) Be faithful about the event: In other words, acknowledge that something devastating has happened/is happening but frame the event as an opportunity for people to obtain greater faith. Dr. Stanfill said pastors shouldn't frame bad events as the result of divine judgement. The stress of crises, however do help us assess whether we are trusting in created things over the Creator.
"We uncover where our treasure is," he said.
2) Be faithful among the people: Pastors need to meet the emotional needs of the people by acknowledging their grief, be it the inability to walk in a graduation ceremony or participate in a Little League baseball season. Crisis preaching should communicate that God understands, that He holds people's future, and that He "will work it out" for the greater good. Crisis-time sermons should inspire hearers to take the next step to persevere or rebuild. The stories of Joseph in the Book of Genesis and the life of the Apostle Paul are great sources for such sermons, Dr. Stanfill said.
Even in the context of social distancing—a term Dr. Stanfill wishes was branded as simply "physical distancing"—churches should attend to people's need to belong and connect. During Covid-19, Dr. Stanfill's church conducts a Tuesday coffee-time Zoom meetup in addition to meeting via Zoom for Sunday service and Wednesday night prayer meetings.
3) Be faithful in your calling: In crises, pastors must continue to preach the gospel, which includes meeting both the physical and spiritual needs of the people. During Covid-19, that may mean sharing resources—from shopping for senior citizens to simply informing people of when senior shopping hours are. Spiritually, this preaching emphasis reminds people that in the midst of their crisis, they are not forgotten by God, as the Bible describes in Genesis 8:1: "But God remembered Noah and all the wild animals and the livestock that were with him in the ark, and he sent a wind over the earth, and the waters receded."
Dr. Stanfill said preachers should tell people that the crisis is temporary, but God's purpose is still in place. To be faithful to the calling, preachers must keep preparing to deliver skillful sermons and trust the power of God to work through the pulpit. In the Covid-19 crisis, more people are open to hear the Gospel than in the last 50 years, Dr. Stanfill said.
4) Be faithful to God: In crises, pastors must have an attitude of personal devotion to God, which should include humility, from acknowledging that only God knows the future, to heeding the instruction of governmental leaders. Pastors should also display humility in listening to church members who may need to vent about the stress caused by the crisis.
In the webinar "Ministry in the Midst of a Crisis: Exploring Ministerial Responses to Covid-19," Clamp Associate Dean Dr. Kristopher K. Barnett interviewed Dr. Stanfill and Dr. Ayala about the findings of their dissertations. Dr. Ayla shared his analysis of sermons preached by John Chrysostom, a church father, during a civil crisis in the ancient Greek city of Antioch in the 380s. Dr. Ayala's remarks demonstrated how to preach in a politically polarized environment, Dr. Stanfill said.
Dr. Barnett said pastors found the webinar insightful.
"In the current crisis, I have seen a proliferation of 'experts' advising pastors and leaders on how to lead in a crisis," Dr. Barnett said. "While many of these 'experts' are simply guessing because this is a once in a lifetime crisis, our students had researched fields that offered some specific insight on the situation, so we felt that their perspectives could help pastors."
To watch a recording of the webinar visit https://youtu.be/X8mQhMIAZkA.
College of Christian Studies Ministries
News Release Contact
Andrew J. Beckner
Executive Director for Public Relations


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A few years ago I put together My Software Development Must Read Book List.
One thing that was noticeable was that most of the books were not strictly about software development. That is because although technical proficiency is necessary to software development it is not sufficient. There are many other skills necessary to software development that if done poorly can greatly reduce the chances of a successful outcome to your software project and by successful I mean producing a product or service that is valuable to the stakeholders.
One of those areas of concern is a cluster of overlapping disciplines variously called User Experience, Interaction Design, Usability or Human–Computer Interaction. Which brings me to number 2 on my book list.
This book blew my mind when I first read it. Don Norman highlights the importance of good design by showing how frustrating and counterproductive bad design can be. And how in contrast good design enhances our experience.
He tells an anecdote of sitting outside a bank watching as customer after customer struggled with doors that had been designed to be pretty rather than usable. He shows how the users internal mental model of a product determines the expected behavior of the product. If that expected behavior differs from the products real behavior, it can cause usability issues.
He also gives many examples of affordance showing how a well designed door handle will make it obvious which direction the door needs to be pushed or pulled to be opened While a badly designed door may leave the user confused about which side the hinge is on and which side should be pushed.
He also shows examples of the Japanese concept of Poka-yoke or mistake proofing (a concept that predates the book by 40 years) describing cables that can only be inserted the right way or toys that can only be assembled the correct way.
This was another book that just blew me away when I first read it. Tufte's examples of charts and maps are just amazing. His advice about de-emphasizing what he termed administrivia and emphasizing the data was eye opening. As was his discussion of the differences between lines and boundaries.
This book had and still has an enormous influence on how I design software.
The title says it all. Making the case for being clear, simple and obvious rather than being cute and clever.
One page of text and one page of illustrations for each of these principles, concepts and tips. This is a collection of bite sized nibbles rather a hard to digest meal. It gives you a lot to think about and reenforces many of the same concepts as the other books in this list.
Gives a framework for using visual thinking and freehand sketching for ideation and communication. There are lots of tips and tricks on visually presenting information, on sketching, visually modelling and organising information to provide clarity.
Other UX Books are listed here.


Discussion in 'iOS 9' started by redman042, Feb 16, 2016.
In the last couple weeks I've had this issue crop up where Siri can't process any voice requests until I reboot the phone. Then it all works for a while but later in the day stops working again.
I have a 6s Plus running 9.2.1. The problem may have begun with the .1 update but I am not certain. This issue happens whether I'm on Wifi or LTE. Either by holding down the home button or saying "hey Siri", the phone will take my request and confirm the text on the screen, but will not act on it. Examples are asking Siri to call my wife or play a song. After a minute of a spinning wheel, it reports that it can't complete the request.
I don't really want to do a full restore, especially with 9.3 around the corner which will probably fix it. I tried logging out/in of my Apple ID and toggling Siri off/on. Didn't help.
That issue comes up for me when there is a connection problem. Try going enabling/disabling Airplane mode next time instead of restarting the phone. See if that helps.
I'm pretty sure that's not my issue. Happens every single day. Tried airplane mode but that didn't help. Only a reboot clears it up.
I had that problem on 9.3 beta 2, I could only fix it by rebooting the iPad. I haven't had it since on beta 3. So it looks like a fix is on the way. Strange it just happens at times even on 9.2.1 (not beta).
My problem went away. I'm not sure what changed. Other than rebooting a lot, I haven't done anything else.
I've been having the same problem on my 6s plus on 9.2.1. I was still having it last week.


This maneuver works 60 percent of the time, every time. If you're staking out a close-up spot for your favorite band and you aren't quite drunk enough to just pee where you're standing, ask any nearby (and handsome) stranger to hold your spot as you skip off to the Port-a-Potties. A cute guy pulled this move on me at Governor's Ball, and it worked seamlessly: when he returned from relieving himself, he told me my eyes were pretty, and the next thing I knew we were making out like teenagers while Interpol tore up the stage.2. The Oh-My-God-Just-Saw-Your-T-Shirt-And-That's-My-Favorite-BandYou already have something in common with the hundreds of strangers standing beside you at any given set: taste in music. This is a powerful tool in any shameless flirter's tool box. Let's say you see a fly, deliciously grungy-looking fellow in a Pavement shirt, and you love Pavement so much you dropped out of school to follow them on their reunion tour. This is a perfect conversation starter. Plus, you can make plans to head to the next act together, also known as Make-Out City.
3. The Lock-Eyes-and-MoshI guess this move isn't festival specific: it works at any club or crowded bar (and sometimes even on the subway.) Intense eye contact is key here: Find your target, lock eyes, and dance like crazy. As you dance, work your way closer to the target. Start moshing. It's a well-documented fact that couples who mosh together, stay together. After the set, go hydrate with your new guy. You can get to know each other in the hour-long line for water.
4. The Ugh-They're-Not-Playing-Any-Of-Their-Old-StuffYou're so excited to see your favorite band. You're smashed up by the stage with your fellow diehards. The band starts their set, and then they say something dreadful: "Here's a song off our new album." Why can't they just play the classics? Commiserate with any hottie in your immediate vicinity. Nothing brings people together faster than complaining.5. The Now-Or-NeverThe headliner just finished playing their encore, and it's time to go home. But wait, consider your situation: you are enmeshed in a crowd of thousands of youths with elevated adrenaline, all of whom are headed in the same direction. No one is really ready for the night to be over, even though you've planned an overly ambitious schedule for the next day, like arriving at the festival 1:00 p.m. (LOL). Start talking to literally anyone who strikes your fancy; I promise they'll be receptive. Ask them about any after parties, or even make plans to meet up at a show tomorrow. Plus, it's dark at this point, so no one will be able to notice that your super edgy face paint has smeared and crusted all over your face.


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Subcutaneous Orencia Seen to Alleviate Polyarticular-course JIA Symptoms in Phase 3 Trial
by Diogo Pinto
Abatacept, marketed as Orencia by Bristol-Myers Squibb, was seen to improve the symptoms of polyarticular-course juvenile idiopathic arthritis (pJIA) in a Phase 3 clinical trial. Additionally, subcutaneous administration of Orencia was well-tolerated across different age and weight groups for a period of 24 months, researchers found.
The study, "Subcutaneous Abatacept in Patients With Polyarticular-Course Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Results From a Phase III Open-Label Study," was published in the journal Arthritis & Rheumatology.
Methotrexate (MTX) is usually the recommended first-line treatment for pJIA, which refers to JIA that affects five or more joints. When disease symptoms persist after three months of MTX treatment, a biological agent is frequently initiated. Tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) is the most commonly used treatment at that point, followed by an anti-interleukin 6 agent, or Orencia. This normally occurs when patients are intolerant or do not respond to MTX or TNFi.
Intravenous administration of Orencia in pJIA patients proved effective and well-tolerated, with benefits persisting for up to seven years of treatment in patients ages 6 to 17. The therapy also is sold in a subcutaneous formulation that allows for administration at home. This offers patients and caregivers greater flexibility.
In the Phase 3 study (NCT01844518), researchers investigated the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of subcutaneous Orencia over 24 months in patients with pJIA, including patients as young as 2.
The study, initiated in 2013, included 48 centers worldwide that are members of the Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation and the Pediatric Rheumatology Collaborative Study Group.
Patients who failed one or more first-line treatment were divided into two groups: Group 1 included patients ages 6 to 17 (173 patients), and group 2 had patients ages 2 to 5 (46 patients). Both groups received weight-tiered subcutaneous Orencia weekly — 50 mg for patients weighing between 10 kg and 25 kg, 87.5 mg for those weighing between 25 and 50 kg, and 125 mg for those weighing 50 kg or more.
JIA-American College of Rheumatology criteria (JIA-ACR) was used to evaluate disease status in pJIA patients and consists of six core criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient assessment of overall well-being, 3) the number of joints with active arthritis, 4) the number of joints with limited range of motion, 5) functional ability, 6) erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
Other parameters measured included the concentration of Orencia in the blood, safety and immune tolerance, and median Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS)71-C-reactive protein (CRP) over time. The JADAS71-CRP test also includes physician and parent/patient assessments, as well as the number of joints with active disease. But ESR is replaced by CRP measurement, a marker for inflammation.
Results showed that the concentration of Orencia in the blood in both groups did not drop below the minimal level required for it to have therapeutic action.
Also, the JIA-ACR30/50/70/90/100/inactive parameter, which corresponds to 30, 50, 70, 90, 100, and zero percent of disease improvement, were 83.2%, 72.8%, 52.6%, 28.3%, 14.5%, and 30.1% in group 1, respectively, and 89.1%, 84.8%, 73.9%, 58.7%, 41.3%, and 50% in group 2, after four months. This trend was maintained after 24 months.
Additionally, median JADAS71-CRP improved from the start of the study to the 24th month (21 to 4.6 in group 1, and 18.1 to 2.1 in group 2; a lower score corresponds to less disease activity), and were maintained until the 24th month, when 27 patients from group 1 and 11 patients from group 2 achieved JADAS71-CRP remission.
Researchers reported no unexpected adverse events.
Based on the results, the team concluded that "weight-stratified SC [subcutaneous] abatacept yielded target therapeutic exposures across age and weight groups, was well tolerated, and improved pJIA symptoms over 24 months."
Tagged abatacept, age, Bristol-Myers Squibb, clinical trials, Orencia, pJIA, polyarticular, remission, subcutaneous, weight.
Previous: Finding Ways to Exercise with Juvenile Arthritis
Next:Psychotherapy Technique Treats Methotrexate Intolerance in JIA Patients, Study Reports


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Pet cat suffered 'miserable death' after being thrown across a road then dumped in bin
Chester the one-year-old cat died hours after arriving at his new home :: His body was never found after refuse collectors took the bin
Naomi CorriganMulti-media Journalist
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A cat was hurled across a road then dumped in a wheelie bin just hours after arriving at his new home, a court heard.
Paul Woolston grabbed one-year-old Chester by the scruff of the neck, took it outside then threw it through the air.
He told RSPCA inspectors he had reacted after the panicked animal attacked his partner's cat and clawed his hand after he tried to coax it out of its cage.
In a statement, Chester's previous owner, who had handed him over to Woolston's partner just the previous day, said the cat had "no aggression in him at all".
Neighbours recorded Woolston on a mobile phone, picking up the "twitching" animal off the road before dumping it in the bin.
John Ellwood, prosecuting for the RSPCA, said Chester may not have been dead when it was thrown into the bin.
He was collected by refuse collectors the following day and his body never recovered which meant a post-mortem examination could not be carried out.
"This defendant, for whatever reason, threw a cat, did not check if it was dead, did not check what was wrong with it, just put it in a wheelie bin to die a pretty miserable death," he told Teesside Magistrates' Court .
Defending, Andrew Teate, said there was no evidence to state the cat was still alive when put in the wheelie bin.
He said: "It was a momentary decision taken by the defendant with unforeseen catastrophic consequences.
"It was not several incidents, it was one act of throwing the cat."
Paul Francis Woolston outside Teesside Magistrates' Court (Image: The Gazette)
Q&A: What punishment could pair face after dog was buried alive with a nail in its head?
Woolston, of Sheriff Street in Hartlepool, pleaded guilty to causing unnecessary suffering to Chester in the incident on July 8 last year.
The 42-year-old, who had no previous convictions, was forced to resign from his job after news of the incident came out on social media, the court heard.
In a statement, Chester's owner said: "He was lovely, he was always looking for attention and there was no aggression in him at all.
"He never growled or scratched or bit anyone whilst in my care.
"My partner had various health problems and the cat's fur aggravated them."
She was contacted by Woolston's partner, who had offered to give Chester a home.
"I described the care he needed and said it had to be a forever home," said the owner.
"I took Chester on the Wednesday and she told me on the Thursday he was vicious. She told me she had rehomed Chester in Seaham."
She contacted the RSPCA after hearing about the animal's ordeal.
Woolston received a 12-month community order with 250 hours of unpaid work and was banned from keeping animals for five years. He must also pay £85 costs and an £85 charge.
WhitbyWhitby donkey owner handed lifetime ban after emaciated animals found in overcrowded stablesThe RSPCA and The Donkey Sanctuary found 25 animals in poor conditions - contains upsetting images
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Middlesbrough FCMiddlesbrough's most recent win over Reading moved them up to sixth in the Championship table
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CoronavirusDr Ifti Lone knows better than most the impact covid can have


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News Sports Entertainment Best of the Best Lifestyle Opinion USA TODAY Obituaries eNewspaper
Spring fever Tired of being cooped up? Head for Amish Country Home Improvement Show
By KATY GANZ
After weeks of snow, Ohioans yearning for spring can get a dose of it at the second annual Amish Country Home Improvement Show March 4-6 at the Buckeye Event Center in Dalton.
"People have cabin fever. They want to get out of the house and they are starting to think about landscaping and having something done on their house," said Jody Witzky with JW Promotions, the organization staging the event.
Last year the show was held at the Holmes County Expo Center. But, even with a new location, the same number of vendors will be in attendance Witzky said.
"Whether you're looking for fireplaces, beautiful stone work, roofing or windows, you're going to find it at this show," he said.
More than 150 vendors will be on hand, including the show's sponsors Shrock Premier Custom Construction and Kidron Vinyl. At least 60 percent of the vendors are Amish.
"This is one of the premier shows anywhere in the state with the handcrafted Amish carpentry and handcrafted furniture," Witzky said.
In 2009, the show brought more than 15,000 people to Holmes County. Witzky is hopeful attendance will be even higher this year with all the snowy weather.
"It has to be bad weather to get them in there," he said. "The nicer it is, the fewer people come out."
The ice and sleet makes people anxious for spring and signs of better weather around the corner, Witzky said.
The show will feature several landscaping displays.
"We do a center stage where we do a lot of cooking shows like you see on TV," Witzky said.
Lee Ann Miller, Jennifer Wolfe Webb and Ruth the Grower will be performing cooking demonstrations. The shows are popular and the 300-400 seats near the stage are always quickly taken, Witzky said.
The Amish Country Home Improvement Show will be open Thursday, March 4 from 1-7 p.m., Friday, March 5, 10 a.m. - 8 p.m. and Saturday, March 6 from 9 a.m. - 8 p.m. Admission is $5 for adults and children are free.
The event is geared towards the whole family and a clown will be on hand Friday and Saturday making balloon animals.
Saturday night the bluegrass band Katty Whomp Us will be performing from 5:30-8 p.m. Kidron Tree Service will be giving away 1,000 pine seedlings and there will be a drawing for an outdoor patio and chairs set from Weaver Furniture and a poly glider donated by Kidron Vinyl.
"To have that big of a show and that nice of a show in your own backyard is nice," Witzky said. "You don't have to drive all the way to Cleveland or Columbus to see a good show."
Reporter Katy Ganz can be reached at 330-674-1811 or e-mail kganz@the-daily-record.com.


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These NY counties have the state's highest rates of marijuana arrests
Nearly half of all arrests made in Hamilton County in 2016 were for marijuana possession.
These NY counties have the state's highest rates of marijuana arrests Nearly half of all arrests made in Hamilton County in 2016 were for marijuana possession. Check out this story on DemocratandChronicle.com: https://www.democratandchronicle.com/story/news/2019/04/22/top-new-york-counties-marijuana-possession-arrests/3495326002/
Meaghan M. McDermott, Rochester Democrat and Chronicle Published 5:50 a.m. ET April 22, 2019 | Updated 12:54 p.m. ET April 22, 2019
Here's a breakdown of the stories right now at www.democratandchronicle.com. Wochit
As the state's lawmakers contemplate making recreational marijuana legal, new Federal Bureau of Investigations data shows nearly 5% of all arrests in New York are for possession of the drug.
Overall, approximately 6% of arrests nationwide resulted from marijuana possession, according to recently released county-level Federal Bureau of Investigations data for 2016, the most recent available. The data tracks arrests, not individuals and reporting is typically made for the most serious allegation.
As is the case across the country, there's wide disparity among New York's counties when it comes to marijuana possession arrests, reflecting differing levels of enforcement. Medical use has been legal in the state since 2014.
Gov. Andrew Cuomo has pledged that New York will pass a law to legalize recreational pot before the Legislature adjourns in June. Plans to include such legislation in the recently-passed $175 billion state budget fizzled, as lawmakers could not resolve issues over how much to tax it, where the revenue would go, who could grow it, how previous marijuana arrests would be handled and which communities could opt out of allowing sales within their borders.
Among the state's 62 counties, Monroe County comes in near the bottom in marijuana arrests as a percentage of all arrests, with those arrests comprising just about 4% of total arrests. Meanwhile the lowest percentage of marijuana arrests comes in Suffolk County on Long Island, where just 3% of arrests were for cannabis possession.
FBI data shows nearly 5% of all arrests in New York are for possession of marijuana. (Photo: Susan Montoya Bryan, AP)
Here are the top five counties for marijuana possession arrests in New York:
This 1,808 square-mile county in north-central New York tops the state's marijuana arrest list. Nearly half — 44% — of all arrests in the county in 2016 were for possession of the drug. Hamilton's numbers are the second-highest in the nation, coming behind only Dooley County, Georgia, where 55% of all arrests were for marijuana possession.
In this 63,000-resident county in the Hudson Valley, marijuana possession arrests accounted for about 23% of all arrests in 2016. Of 1,729 total arrests that year, 378 were for possessing cannabis.
In this rural Capital District county bordering Vermont — where recreational marijuana became legal last summer — nearly 18% of arrests in 2016 were for possession.
In this Finger Lakes county, which comprises 640 square miles of land and includes the campus of the State University College at Geneseo, about 15% of arrests were for cannabis possession. Livingston County Sheriff Thomas Dougherty has been a vocal opponent of marijuana legalization, citing significant concerns with public safety.
"We are in opposition of marijuana," Dougherty said on behalf of the state Sheriffs and Police Chief's associations during a press event in February. "We understand that drugs exist and when controlled by a doctor or in a controlled environment, they are useful, but making a recreational drug legal is dangerous for highway safety — and that is the message today."
Scoharie County
This peripheral Capital District county has a population of about 32,750 people. In 2016, about 15% of 775 arrests made there were for marijuana possession.
MCDERMOT@Gannett.com
Read or Share this story: https://www.democratandchronicle.com/story/news/2019/04/22/top-new-york-counties-marijuana-possession-arrests/3495326002/


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Q: Using properly of eager loading I have two tables: contracts and contractitems. I want to display all my Contract items and have a search for searching the contractor name.
Contracts

*

*id

*contract_code

*contractor_name

ContractItems

*

*id

*contracts_id

*item_name

class ContractItems extends Eloquent {

    protected $table = 'ContractItems';
    protected $guarded  = [ 'id' ];

    public $timestamps = false;

    public function contract()
    {
        return $this->hasOne('Contracts', 'id', 'contracts_id');
    }
}

$x = ContractItems::with(array('contract' => function($query){
     $query->where('contractor_name', 'LIKE' , '%name%');
}))->take(1)->get();

I tried the code above but it is not displaying the correct data.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange