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Home Columns Deborah Welky Like In My Youth, It's Time To Burn The Bras
Like In My Youth, It's Time To Burn The Bras
THE SONIC BOOMER
I have an idea. Let's tell every man we know that, before he heads off to work each day, he should strap an elastic band around his chest. Sure, it will make it more difficult to swing his arms, lift things, bend or stretch without chafing, but I think it's a good idea.
And because excessive movement or, indeed, any movement at all will cause this band to slip out of place, it could have a strap that fits over each shoulder. As days turn into years, these straps will eventually gouge trenches into his shoulders, but that's OK — then the straps will be less likely to slip down his arm, inhibiting movement even further.
Share this idea with all the men of your acquaintance, and I pretty much guarantee that their responses will range from "no" to "hell, no!"
Yet women do this every day.
So I was surprised that the subject came up during a Memorial Day picnic, where temperatures in the high 80s were causing rivulets of perspiration to travel down the chests of male and female attendees alike.
One of the females, whose elastic band was now acting as a retention pond in addition to its other wonderful properties, quietly suggested to the other females that we burn our bras — again. "We did it in the '60s, why not now?" she asked.
She instantly had everyone's attention. The women looked at her in awe, as if to say, "We really could?" and the men looked at her in amazement, as if to say, "You really would?"
And then we laughed out loud.
We laughed because, not being in our 20s anymore, the idea seemed utterly (even udderly) preposterous. It would be on YouTube in three seconds. Worse (judging by the excitement sparked by the very thought of it), it would instantly inaugurate a national trend. Women who should be thinking about joining the Gray Panthers would instead be standing around bonfires, vehemently hurling in undergarments that would slowly melt into lacy pink blobs of latex, rubber, plastic, hooks and eyes. The air would be rife with chlorofluorocarbons. The ashes would have to be treated as hazardous waste.
And what then? What happens after we've thrown off the yokes and halters of our oppression? I'll tell you what — less back pain, less shoulder pain, less shoulder disfiguration and maybe — just maybe — fewer heart attacks.
Did you know that 200,000 women die each year from heart attacks? Yes. And that the first thing the paramedics do upon arriving at the victim's side is cut off her bra? Uh-huh. That alone should tell us something. That alone should serve as a warning.
So let this be my rallying cry: "Burn your bra! Free 'the girls'!"
I will if you will.
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text:
Ascorbate-dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of iron chelates.
H. R. Prabhu, S. Krishnamurthy
The autoxidation of L-ascorbate on incubation in saline phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) is accompanied by hydroxyl radical (.OH) generation. The metal chelator EDTA showed significant inhibition of ascorbate autoxidation and ascorbate-dependent .OH release. On the other hand, Fe2+ (EDTA) greatly augmented both ascorbate autoxidation and ascorbate-dependent .OH production. The biological iron chelating compounds such as ATP, ADP, citrate and pyrophosphate suppressed both ascorbate autoxidation and ascorbate-mediated .OH production, thereby indicating that these compounds suppress the activating effect of iron. Ascorbate autoxidation and ascorbate-dependent .OH formation, stimulated by Fe2+ (EDTA) were significantly inhibited by .OH scavengers, namely mannitol, thiourea and sodium formate, as well as by catalase and to a lesser extent by bovine serum albumin, superoxide dismutase (native and heat denatured) and heat denatured catalase.
Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics
Iron Chelating Agents
Edetic Acid
Iron Compounds
Thiourea
Chelation
Adenosine Diphosphate
Prabhu, H. R., & Krishnamurthy, S. (1993). Ascorbate-dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of iron chelates. Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 30(5), 289-292.
Prabhu, H. R. ; Krishnamurthy, S. / Ascorbate-dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of iron chelates. In: Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 1993 ; Vol. 30, No. 5. pp. 289-292.
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title = "Ascorbate-dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of iron chelates.",
abstract = "The autoxidation of L-ascorbate on incubation in saline phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) is accompanied by hydroxyl radical (.OH) generation. The metal chelator EDTA showed significant inhibition of ascorbate autoxidation and ascorbate-dependent .OH release. On the other hand, Fe2+ (EDTA) greatly augmented both ascorbate autoxidation and ascorbate-dependent .OH production. The biological iron chelating compounds such as ATP, ADP, citrate and pyrophosphate suppressed both ascorbate autoxidation and ascorbate-mediated .OH production, thereby indicating that these compounds suppress the activating effect of iron. Ascorbate autoxidation and ascorbate-dependent .OH formation, stimulated by Fe2+ (EDTA) were significantly inhibited by .OH scavengers, namely mannitol, thiourea and sodium formate, as well as by catalase and to a lesser extent by bovine serum albumin, superoxide dismutase (native and heat denatured) and heat denatured catalase.",
author = "Prabhu, {H. R.} and S. Krishnamurthy",
journal = "Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics",
publisher = "National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources (NISCAIR)",
Prabhu, HR & Krishnamurthy, S 1993, 'Ascorbate-dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of iron chelates.', Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics, vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 289-292.
Ascorbate-dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of iron chelates. / Prabhu, H. R.; Krishnamurthy, S.
In: Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Vol. 30, No. 5, 01.10.1993, p. 289-292.
T1 - Ascorbate-dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of iron chelates.
AU - Prabhu, H. R.
AU - Krishnamurthy, S.
N2 - The autoxidation of L-ascorbate on incubation in saline phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) is accompanied by hydroxyl radical (.OH) generation. The metal chelator EDTA showed significant inhibition of ascorbate autoxidation and ascorbate-dependent .OH release. On the other hand, Fe2+ (EDTA) greatly augmented both ascorbate autoxidation and ascorbate-dependent .OH production. The biological iron chelating compounds such as ATP, ADP, citrate and pyrophosphate suppressed both ascorbate autoxidation and ascorbate-mediated .OH production, thereby indicating that these compounds suppress the activating effect of iron. Ascorbate autoxidation and ascorbate-dependent .OH formation, stimulated by Fe2+ (EDTA) were significantly inhibited by .OH scavengers, namely mannitol, thiourea and sodium formate, as well as by catalase and to a lesser extent by bovine serum albumin, superoxide dismutase (native and heat denatured) and heat denatured catalase.
AB - The autoxidation of L-ascorbate on incubation in saline phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) is accompanied by hydroxyl radical (.OH) generation. The metal chelator EDTA showed significant inhibition of ascorbate autoxidation and ascorbate-dependent .OH release. On the other hand, Fe2+ (EDTA) greatly augmented both ascorbate autoxidation and ascorbate-dependent .OH production. The biological iron chelating compounds such as ATP, ADP, citrate and pyrophosphate suppressed both ascorbate autoxidation and ascorbate-mediated .OH production, thereby indicating that these compounds suppress the activating effect of iron. Ascorbate autoxidation and ascorbate-dependent .OH formation, stimulated by Fe2+ (EDTA) were significantly inhibited by .OH scavengers, namely mannitol, thiourea and sodium formate, as well as by catalase and to a lesser extent by bovine serum albumin, superoxide dismutase (native and heat denatured) and heat denatured catalase.
JO - Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics
JF - Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics
Prabhu HR, Krishnamurthy S. Ascorbate-dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of iron chelates. Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 1993 Oct 1;30(5):289-292.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A frenzy of cryptocurrency trading swept South Korea last year , helping propel huge gains in bitcoin and other virtual coins. The country has accounted for as much as a fifth of global bitcoin trade on some days in recent months.
But the country's government has been moving toward greater regulatio n of digital currencies in recent weeks, introducing a new law in late December that gives authorities the power to shut down bitcoin exchanges.


A biography of one of New Zealands earliest feminists, Mary Ann Colclough, whose publicly voiced opinions saw her described in the nineteenth century as our own little stray strap of a modern female fanatic. English-born Mary Ann Barnes came to New Zealand in 1857, and soon gained notoriety for her outspokenness on issues relating to womens position in society. A teacher and also a journalist for the Daily Southern Cross and the Weekly News under the nom de plume Polly Plum, she also engaged in public debates through the letters to the editor columns, undeterred by becoming the best abused woman in New Zealand in the present day. In this fine biography, Jenny Coleman argues that Mary Ann Colcloughs contribution to the womens movement in nineteenth-century New Zealand is at least equal to that of Kate Sheppard. A good two decades ahead of the organised womens movement, Polly Plum began politicising women by writing about the realities of their daily lives, what needed to change and how. Coleman here reclaims Mary Ann Colcloughs place in New Zealands feminist history by bringing her life and contributions to a wider audience.
Jenny Coleman is a senior lecturer and Director of Academic Programmes in the College of Humanities and Social Sciences at Massey University. She was head of the Womens Studies Programme at Massey 200011 and coordinating editor of the Womens Studies Journal 200409. She has published articles on a range of nineteenth-century New Zealand womens history topics, and published Mad or Bad? The life and exploits of Amy Bock 18591943 through Otago University Press in 2010.


Well, once again, it has been proven: Scientology--it's always way stupider than you think.
called "Why pray when you can Postulate?"
So, did COB really say that in a recorded speech?
Or, was it made up by me, or someone as a joke or parody?
Yes, you say, but it's far too ridiculous to be real.
What about "Scientology--it's always way stupider than you think" ?
Each man, woman and child will have to look deep within themselves to find the answer of whether that speech is authentic or not.
This is ESMB. We don't evaluate for people here.
I'll take a stab at answering your question sir!
I say the quote is actual Sherman Speak, actually spoken by the dwarf.
If it's not, well you might have a future as a Sherman Speak ghost-writer to be employed in times of emergency such a Sherman getting a quick wash & rinse in the RPF.
Such a delicious word salad; it could only have been written by that master wordsmith, Dan Sherman, while rocking himself into insensibility at sunset on his porch to infinity.
Who wrote "Scientology is always worse than you think?"
Regarding your analytics & conclusion, I must congratulate you for having the highest test score of anyone to date!
Out of a potential and perfect 100 points, you have achieved the extraordinarily high score of 50 points! While you appropriately concluded that Dan Sherman was the rhetorical source of COBs speech (excerpt above), you had points deducted for failing to acknowledge that said speech was in fact discovered & channeled in whole by Don Hubbard1 (see rare archive photo in my Avatar).
To date, no independent verifications, records nor recordings of this COB speech have been located and thus the authenticity of the speech itself has been called into question. In response to numerous claims and complaints that said speech was in fact a hoax, Don provided more than adequate scientific support to debunk those allegations by turning in worksheet pages from his own personal auditing sessions--wherein he routinely had wide F/Ns upon originating "Really, man, I like totally didn't make it up or whatever!"
1Don Hubbard, estranged twin brother of Ron Hubbard, is likewise a self-help author, noted vagrant and internationally celebrated OH (Operating Hobo).
You are such a clairvoyant, HH! Where'd you find that crystal ball anyway? First you channeled Hubtub on green on white and red on white - so perfectly that a few people were fooled, and now it's the Dan Sherman Show with Shermanspeak and his crazy midget!
Moore! This is great stuff!
Well...if this don't beat all.
Jamie Foxx has snapped terminals with Tom Cruise and is now thoroughly in Tom's valence!!
He then helps somebody in a car accident!
"Being a Scientologist, when you drive past an accident, it's not like anyone else when you drive past.
"You know you have to do something about it because you know you're the only one that can really help.
Phil Jones has had his 2 children stolen from him and manipulated against him where the CULT will not let him talk to them (for years) and they have disconnected.
Phil was in for some 35 years, before departure from it all.
Emily was in RTC, David Miscavige secretary 12 years and has seen sociopath Miscavige conduct. She now works at ASI.
Phil has tried HARD to be in touch with them.
The CULT enjoys Emily and Mike's slave labor and stats while cutting them off from their parents.
Today Phil Jones created a WANTED poster.
Good for you Phil !
That reminds of of something I've been planning to mention. Something incredibly stupid in Scientology.
The entire fabric and structure of Scientology has been designed and built to produce one thing and one thing only. End Phenomena. The stellar Homo Novis supernatural abilities. It all began with the very first "EP" in 1950, the EP for "Clear". Hubbard, not satisfied he could sell just one (1) supernatural power, decided he must bundle an entire assortment of superpowers into that new spiritual state. Perfect memory, no physical illness, et al.
Well, the claimed EPs for "Clear" are quite extravagant and continuously changing! Here's an outstanding (and shockingly delusional) list of some of those "EPs" that a Clear was expected to have for the past 66 years.
correctness of computation by entering hidden and false data in it.
effect, capable of assuming cause over anything.
and control, erase, or re-create an analytical mind or reactive mind.
his surroundings and without a reactive or subconscious mind.
definition of Clear is found to be correct.
from human being to total freedom and total beingness.
wholly himself and can follow his own basic purposes.
mental matter, energy, space and time as regards the First Dynamic.
slang and can apply to a chain, an incident or a computation.
completion of the Clearing Course at an Advanced Organization.
beyond anything envisioned by such investigators as Freud.
and future, as well as for the subjects along the other dynamics.
1991: Now the state of being cleared was what confused the issue.
good question. Data accumulated, but not as fast as the questions.
The people, cleared, would be better, feel better, be more moral, etc.
of "being cleared." Absolutes," in our Axioms, "are unobtainable."
data he has and from his viewpoint.
both careers and inter-personal relationships.
himself when he goes Clear.
....2016: A Clear is a person who has the ability to make up endless and different definitions of the word "Clear" at will, along with the bonus ability to fabricate very fancy sounding superpowers that never have to be demonstrated.
Oh damn, there is yet another stupid thing about that quote from L. Ron Hubbard on that rundown's EP.
That particular EP (above in red) comes from the confidential LRH taped briefing (March 15, 1969) on the Apollo called "Conscience - The Reason Beings Won't Use Their OT power". I am not sure what ever happened to the so-called "Conscience Rundown", but the first process was the following, 2-part commands (run alternately to EP).
What must a thetan never do?
How can a thetan prevent themselves from doing that?
At the end of the rundown the being is guaranteed to attain the ability "... to never succumb to the MEST universe's dwindling spiral", pretty amazing ain't it?
Here's a typical Success Story published at that time people were being given the "Conscience Rundown". They were expected to both voice the ability to avoid the dwindling spiral AND also some new (recovered) OT ability that "turned on". Then they could attest.
that's exactly what happened. I know I will never be the same again!
The supremely stupid part of the EP for the CRD (or any other EP) is that Scientologists parrot whatever they are told the EP will be. The command could have just as easily been: "From where can a thetan communicate to Ron's bank account?"
Oh yeah, I would be remiss if I didn't mention that all of the above Rundowns, commands, EPs, taped lectures, LRH quotes and success stories are all a hoax.
Hey, my street cred's on the line here, what do you expect?!
This definition pretty much sums it up.
The supremely stupid part of the EP for the CRD (or any other EP) is that Scientologists parrot whatever they are told the EP will be. The command could have just as easily been: "From where can thetan communicate to Ron's bank account?"
I just went out-list on this squirrel process. Thanks, HH. Now I'm up the pole, buttered all over the universe, having become a cropper after going apetite over tin cup while being the only one! Can you say, PC Type B?
I found this Ad on facebook hilarious.
EEEEEEEEeeeeeeks, the psychs again !
My son found this cult parody in GTA 5. It isn't dead on, but it does start with a personality test. The first question in the personality test is "Do you have red hair?" One moves up though the levels by giving increasing large amount of money.
At the end of the quest, you get either a tractor or $2 million based on the choices you make.
There is another cult in Fallout 4 called the Children of Atom, but you never get a chance to become a member, which is too bad because I really wanted to be recruited.
The best part is that we've got the mantra for level one from Fallout4 for FREE!
" I deserve a better life.
A better life is coming."
Can't wait for level two. That's when good things really start happening!
Veda's post courtesy of another thread.
Due to physics, after Dr. Hubbard's proclamation (above) was filtered through the Hubbard Law of Commotion1 what actually happened in the MEST universe (on OT levels) was at very slight variance with his one-hundred percent [STRIKE]standard[/STRIKE] holy scripture.
At least the second part of Ron's infallible statement is true. Above Clear, there are in fact only various drills2 and familiarization processes3.
1 Hubbard Law of Commotion: (physics) Analogous to Newton's Law of Motion, Hubbard discovered the immutable 'Law of Commotion' which states that: "In Scientology, for each and every policy or piece of tech, there is an equal and opposite policy and piece of tech." Thus in any situation or dispute, Scientology tech can maintain its astonishing 100% record of always being correct.
2 Various drills - CORRECT: While Scientologists are on the spiritually advanced OT levels, their registrars run them through various drills based on the book 'Big League Closing Techniques'.
3 Familiarization Processes - CORRECT: While on the OT levels, the Pre-Ot also twins with their registrar on familiarization processes--to help them become familiarized with the Pre-OTs charge cards and available credit limits.
I am done with Gurus. I am done with Gurus for the next *Billion* years.
If that's what it takes to get "closer to God" I believe I'm going to keep my distance!
SAN DIEGO (CNN) -- Autopsies on those who died in the Rancho Santa Fe mass suicide show that some followers of the Heaven's Gate cult -- including leader Marshall Applewhite -- had been castrated.
L Ron Hubbard spent his final days living in Bluebird motor home.
L Ron Hubbard created Dianetics but later, in 1954, created Scientology (I know, created gives it too much credibility but bear with me).
Between 1951 and 1953, the CIA ran a mind control program called Project Bluebird.
The purpose of this project was to instill in the subject multiple personalities (think BT's).
They were also able to produce an actual Manchurian Candidate.
BLUEBIRD is the cryptonym for a CIA mind control program that ran from 1951 to 1953. Other mind control programs include ARTICHOKE, MKULTRA, and MKSEARCH. The purpose of the book BLUEBIRDis to prove that the military and the CIA have been creating "Manchurian Candidates" for operational use since the second world war. This fact is described repeatedly by G.H. Estabrooks and in CIA documents on BLUEBIRD and ARTICHOKE obtained through the Freedom of Information Act. By research at the medical school library, ordering out-of-print books, and requests filed through the Freedom of Information Act, Dr. Ross has built up compelling documentation of the fact that the CIA and military intelligence agencies have been creating multiple personality experimentally, and using these subjects in courier and infiltration operations.
In that case, let me respectfully suggest that you join Scientology, the world's most advanced TAC1 on this planet!
The procedure is done painlessly and without sedation--avoiding all engrams which (in the future) will reduce tech estimates and save you lots of money on needless auditing!
Mankind owes a debt of gratitude to one Dr. L. Ron Hubbard who invented the PFB technique ('Pain Free Ballectomy'). Over decades the methodology was further refined and eventually became known as "Ethics".
Sorry to hear that, but don't give up hope!
So many people sign up or join up with a cult and find it just doesn't meet their needs.
They find they work too many hours, or not enough.
They get discouraged because they find, no matter how hard they try, they just don't get the recognition they were hoping for.
They're promised relief from confessing but find themselves in the same old repetitive transgression rut. Confessing to the same old transgressions and not experiencing new and different ones to give up.
Not really getting that tingly outer body experience they were looking for or finding it short lived.
People still don't do what you say no matter how much you command them using the different methods of getting in their face so they get it.
Experiencing more punishment than what you give out making you feel your just not making the progress you should.
Meals have become boring or lack luster if you get them.
Not being allowed to finish one program before being pushed to start another.
No one seems to get you like they did when you first arrived.
Tired of the same old mantras and rituals which seem like so much dissonance after a while.
Well at 1-800- cult hook up we have gone through more than 800 cults for you so that you can stop wasting time and get the enlightenment you were always dreaming of.
No more hours and hours of back breaking labor just to find yourself back doing more because you can't get over your bad habits.
No more going over the same scripture just to find you really didn't get it the first time and have to start over.
Permanent job opportunities without getting busted down and losing status.
New and different transgressions to confess to and make real progress .
People who will now listen to you because that look in your eye tells them you mean it.
Work details that fit your capabilities and not someone elses.
So don't give up, get hooked up with the right cult for you. It's as easy as picking up the phone and calling 1-800-cult hook up. You'll be so relieved you did and it's sooooo easy.
freethinker, I'm actually surprised there isn't an online dating site to go with that toll free telephone number!
Oh, and could you possibly give us a few examples of those "new and exciting transgressions to confess"?


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Super Bowl 2020: Is it possible to fly to Miami for cheap?
By Michael Finney
SAN FRANCISCO (KGO) -- Do you think you can afford to attend Super Bowl 2020 in Miami? After a little digging around, I have found out that the big ticket trip may be within our reach more than we think. Now let me be clear, I can't help you with the ticket prices, but I can get you to Miami cheap! How? Well I know a guy.
Scott Keyes is the founder and chief flight expert at Scott's Cheap Flights, a service that finds airline deals and passes them along to subscribers.
I asked Scott to find us flights from San Francisco to Miami on Saturday, returning Monday.
He told me, "I was shocked that these fares are still available five days out from the Super Bowl. If you want to go, now is the time to go."
Scott found nonstop round trip tickets for $533. On this short of notice, a good deal - although Scott will tell you not a great one. However, Scott does us one better.
He says, "By flying back on Tuesday, all of a sudden it drops from originally $533 round trip it drops all the way down to $265 round trip on Delta."
If you are determined to come back on Monday, he has a plan for that too.
"If you fly from San Francisco to nearby Fort Lauderdale all of a sudden drops from $533 to $382 round trip," he tells me. "Or it is even cheaper if you fly into West Palm Beach... $265 Round trip on Delta."
It isn't cheap... but as Scott says, we don't know when the San Francisco 49ers will be in the Super Bowl ever again.
"The tickets for the actual game can be a tough pill to swallow, but once you start thinking about all the additional expenses -- flying across country, booking last minute -- you start to get a little worried, 'maybe it is not worth it,' but if you can cut the flight part down to 250 bucks per person, round trip, it becomes plausible."
Plausible... not inexpensive... but plausible.
Take a look at more stories and videos by Michael Finney and 7 On Your Side.
travelsan franciscomiamisan francisco 49erskansas city chiefsair traveltravelconsumer watchsuper bowlsuper bowl 2020deals7 on your sideconsumerconsumer concerns
Calls for dog trainer regulations renewed as families mourn lost pets
California suspends some disability claims, citing fraud
Majority of KN95 face masks sold online are fake, doctor says


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Uranus blue ring
Uranus's recently discovered outermost ring is bright blue.
The blue ring is associated with the small moon Mab.
Saturn also has a blue outer ring.
"The outer ring of Saturn is blue and has Enceladus right smack at its brightest spot, and Uranus is strikingly similar, with its blue ring right on top of Mab's orbit" - Imke de Pater, professor of astronomy at the University of California at Berkeley.
Uranus has eleven rings. These rings are made of large rocks up to 10 meters wide.
The other rings are a reddish colour due to them being composed of larger particles that reflect red light, or they contain iron. The blue colour may also be the result of absorption of red light by methane.
The colour of Saturn's blue ring is due to small particles ejected into space by Enceladus as it orbits around the planet. But the same probably isn't true for Uranus.
Uranus' newly discovered moon, Mab, is a small, dead, rocky ball only about 24 kilometres across — one-twentieth the diameter of Enceladus.
However, scientists suspect that both of these rings are subject to forces acting on dust in the rings, which allow the tiny particles to survive while the larger ones are captured by their moons.
These fragments are subject to forces that push them away or toward the planet out of the moon's orbit. The result is a ring of small particles, each only a fraction of a human hair in width, that reflect and scatter mostly blue light.
This schematic view shows the outer rings of Saturn (top) and Uranus (bottom), with each ring system scaled to a common planetary radius.
"This model can be transferred directly to what we now see in Uranus. Although we still need to understand the details of the process" - Imke de Pater
The study is detailed in Friday's issue of the journal Science.
-- Edited by Blobrana at 21:36, 2005-12-22
The new outer ring is twice the diameter of the planet's previously known ring system.
Astronomer Mark Showalter, using the Hubble Space Telescope have discovered two more rings around Uranus.
This is the first such discovery since the Voyager 2 spacecraft flew past the planet 20 years ago, in 1986 and discovered the 10th and 11th thin ring arcs.
The other nine rings were discovered from Earth.
The new rings orbit within the orbits of its large moons and just outside of Uranus' previously known 11 known rings. The newly discovered rings are made up of short-lived, faint bands of dust grains that are constantly being replenished by erosion of the orbiting moons. The moon Mab, that was discovered in 2003 restocks the outermost ring.
Scientists made the latest ring discoveries in 2004 after reprocessing hundreds of images taken by Voyager and found the rings had been imaged in the pictures. The rings were overlooked during the spacecraft flyby because of their faintness.
Astronomers have measured changes in the orbits of Uranus' inner moons since 1994. New measurements suggest the moons are in a "random and chaotic" fashion
Because of the moons' instability, scientists think the satellites will lead to a collide with one another in the next couple of million years.
Date: Sep 3 18:53 2005
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Modiwlau cwrs LVH2 | BA/WHS
BA Welsh History/Sociology
SXU-1003: Understanding Society (20)
This module introduces students to Sociology. The module runs over two semesters giving students a comprehensive sociological foundation to some of the key sociological issues and debates. The module introduces following aspects of social sciences: Semester 1 The nature of social sciences and relations between key disciplines and methods (2 weeks). Interaction and communication (2 weeks) Life course and the family (2 weeks) Gender and socialisation (2 weeks) Culture and media (2 weeks) Semester 2 Social stratification, Education and work (2 weeks) Organisations and institutions (2 weeks) The environment, urbanisation (2 weeks) Political Sociology and social movements (2 weeks) Globalisation (2 weeks)
HXW-1010: Wales since 1789 (20) neu
SXY-1007: Intro to Criminal Justice (20) (Semester 1)
Part One of this module is intended to provide Level One students with a sound understanding of the ways in which in England and Wales, crime comes to the attention of the authorities, how crime is measured and investigated, how accused persons are brought to trial, and those who are convicted are sentenced and punished. This module takes an historical view of criminal law, the police, the criminal courts and the prision system, examining the significant social, economic, and philosophical changes that have helped to shape the modern criminal justice and penal systems. It examines the functions of the criminal justice agencies, explores some of the predominant ideas and theories about how the system operates and raises critical questions about the ways in which criminal justice is done and punishment is delivered. In Part Two the aim is to provide students with a thorough familiarity of major ways of thinking about crime, with reference to some of the main theoretical perspectives within criminology. This module provides an introduction to a range of criminological thought. Theoretical perspectives have been developed in an attempt to explain why people commit crime, and the history of thought on this question will be examined. The module considers the shifting definitions of crime and to offenders. Empirical concerns are likely to include to role of the media in crime construction, the use and abuse of drugs, the experiences of victims of crime and attitudes towards white-collar and organised crime.
SXS-2035: Classical Social Theory (20)
HGW-2003: Re-igniting the Dragon (20) neu
HGC-2003: Ail Danio'r Ddraig (20)
SXS-2011: Identity & Diversity (20)
The structure of the module covers following topics: 1. The nature of social diversity and identies. 2. The scope of social inequalities in the global, national and local contexts; 3. the class and economic inequalities; 4. Gender inequalities and sexualities; 5. Race and ethnicities; 6. Nationality; 7. Consumer culture and subcultures 8. New types of inequalities in global age.
SXY-2004: Crime & the Media (20) (Semester 2)
Media stories on crime and law are numerous. They form an object of inexhaustible interest to audiences. Many people learn about crime and law from the media, especially from newspapers, books and films. Media portrayals often contributed decisively to changes in public opinion and politics. Also, deviant behaviour can be influenced by media. Media construct deviance (e.g. by identifying `folk devils`), but media also offer cultural templates for people involved in deviant activities. The class deals with the cultural and political significance of media portrayals of crime and law. Students learn about economic, political, legal and other backgrounds. Major narratives employed by the media will be identified. The standard patterns of telling and other technical means of the media are analysed. The audience's reaction to media portrayals and its use of media also form a topic for the class.
SXP-2010: World Poverty and Inequality (20) (Semester 2)
This module will examine the explanations for, and the experience of, poverty in the UK and in comparative perspective. It will aim to address the following aspects: 1. Defining poverty – how is poverty defined? What is social exclusion? How important is inequality? 2. Explaining poverty - how has the persistence of poverty been explained? This will look particularly at 'pathological' explanations involving a 'culture of poverty' or the existence of an 'underclass' 3. The risk of poverty – who is most at risk of being poor, and what are the possible consequences? 4. Experiencing poverty - what does it mean to be poor in the UK today? 5. Dimensions of poverty - what are the various dimensions of poverty, including income, wealth, health, education and housing. 6. International issues – can we 'make poverty history'? 7. Confronting poverty – what policies are most effective against poverty? Is poverty or inequality the real problem?
SXP-2050: Issues in Equality (20) (Semester 1)
Workshop topics include: How to help young people who are not in education, employment or training needs (NEETS); Encouraging more men into in care related professions; How to create inclusive work places for transgender employees and understanding/tackling hate crime.
SXS-3003: Theorizing Society & Politics (20)
HAC-3006: Traethawd Hir (40) neu
HPS-3006: Dissertation (40)
SXS-3030: Globalisation & Social Change (20)
Topics include: •	theories of social change •	demographical changes to the modern societies •	debating and explaining globalisation •	migration •	capitalism and globalisation •	politics, the state and globalisation •	power and inequality in the global economy •	globalisation movements •	global culture
HAC-3006: Traethawd Hir neu
HPS-3006: Dissertation
Students must EITHER take the Dissertation OR choose a Special Subject (to be taken over both semesters)
HTH-3143: The Reign of King Stephen (20) (Semester 2)
This course offers students the opportunity to study the reign of king Stephen in the period 1135-54. It was, and has remained, controversial. Topics include: the roots of civil war: the reign of Henry I, the origins of civil war, the course of the war and the stalemate in the period1150-54, the role and characters of king Stephen and the Empress Matilda, the role of the barons, the social, economic, political impact of civil war, masculinity, kingship, queenship, women and power, attitudes to war and the role and views of the church.
HTH-3157: The Age of the Castle (20) (Semester 2) neu
HPS-3006: Dissertation (40) (Semester 1 + 2) neu
SXU-3010: Dissertation (20) (Semester 1 + 2)
SCU-3010: Traethawd Hir (20) (Semester 1 + 2)
SXY-3015: Crime & Power (20) (Semester 2)
State crimes: from ghettos to genocide. How does criminology and criminal justice respond when it is the formal State who offends? How do we define crime, justice and victimisation in this context? Transnational and organised crimes: human trafficking and the international trade in sexual services and illegal substances are examples of crimes which transcend national boundaries. Interpersonal levels of crime and power: examples may include 'honour'-based violence and coercion; homophobic hate crimes; gender violence in intimate relationships; what happens when the victim becomes the offender as in the case of battered women who kill? How do the law, society and criminal justice system respond to these forms of crime?
SXS-3040: Gender Perspectives (20) (Semester 2)
Conceptualizing gender Feminisms Men and masculinities Social movements Families, intimacy and sexuality Gender and schooling Gender and work Gender and the media Representations of gender in popular culture Cyberspace and technology Methodologies Gender mainstreaming Gender from a worldwide perspective
SXP-3210: Issues in Housing (20) (Semester 1)
This module introduces students to some of the key current issues in housing policy, concentrating on the three key areas of quantity, quality and affordability. It examines the factors affecting the supply of, and demand for, housing, and explores the characteristics of the different tenures people may experience during their housing careers, looking at contemporary issues in each housing tenure. The module will also examine housing standards, and the policies for maintaining housing quality, together issues of housing finance. It will explore the managerial context of social rented housing which has undergone considerable change both governmentally [through devolution] and administratively [through a changing mix of local authorities, housing associations and other social rented housing agencies].


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Archive | 12:01 am
The Saturday Comics: The Addams Family
A few weeks back, JRD Skinner, raconteur, auteur, provocateur, and amateur connoisseur of the farceur, wrote in with the amazing idea of doing an installment on what happens to be one of my favorite all-time panels, The Addams Family.
You may have heard of them.
Allow me to go off on a tangent for a second, would you?
I LOVE John Astin. No, not in the little girl who loves Justin Bieber way, in the he makes me laugh out loud every time I see his face kind of way. Look at him! You can see the mania in his eyes. And that grin just says "some kind of crazy." I wouldn't cast him as the head of NORAD but he embodied Gomez Addams. He WAS Gomez Addams. (Raul Julia? Feh.)
Sorry about the commercials there, but wasn't it worth it to see beautiful Carolyn Jones in digital clarity?
And here is Astin in his other genre role of note:
OK, he was no Frank Gorshin, but who is?
But back to The Addams Family.
I assume you know them: The Addamses are a satirical inversion of the ideal American family; an eccentric, wealthy clan who delight in the macabre and are unaware that people find them bizarre or frightening. They originally appeared as a series of single panel cartoons, published in The New Yorker between 1938 and Addams's 1988 death. They have since been adapted to other media, including television series, films, video games, and a musical.
They are the most famous creations of Charles Addams, but by no means the only ones.
Charles "Chas" Samuel Addams (January 7, 1912 – September 29, 1988) was an American cartoonist known for his particularly black humor and macabre characters.
His cartoons regularly appeared in The New Yorker, and he also created a syndicated comic strip, Out of This World, which ran in 1956. There are many collections of his work, including Drawn and Quartered (1942) and Monster Rally (1950), the latter with a foreword by John O'Hara. Typical of Addams's work, one cartoon shows two men standing in a room labeled "Patent Attorney." One is pointing a bizarre gun out the window toward the street and saying, "Death ray, fiddlesticks! Why, it doesn't even slow them up!"
With apologies to and I hope the blessing of Mr. Skinner, here is a selection of his lesser-known but just as funny non-Addams Family panels. Consider these cousins and extended family members.
Tags: Addams Family, bmj2k, Carolyn Jones, Charles Addmas, Gomez Addmas, John Astin, Mr. Blog, Mr. Blog's Tepid Ride, Mr. BTR, Saturday Comics, Sunday comics, The New Yorker
Categories Art, comics, Culture, Halloween, history, humor, Life, people, Television


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Q: Alert Dialog does not work for all items of the list I have a list view of places in which I get from a database, I made an OnItemLongClickListener on the items, after the long click an alert dialog is activated with some information, in the message body, which I get from the database concerning the item clicked. The dialog has 3 buttons (Call, Map it and View Photo) which are working fine. The dialog works for the first 8 items and then the dialog doesn't open and the application force closes for the rest of the items I don't know why!
Can you please help me?
Here is the code in which the list of all Hotels is displayed:
List<Hotel> values = datasource.getAllHotels();
            if (values.isEmpty())
            {
                Toast.makeText(this, "No results found!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                Intent i1 = new Intent(hotelSearchList.this, hotelSearch.class);
                startActivity(i1);
            }
            ArrayAdapter<Hotel> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<Hotel>(this,
                    android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, values);
            setListAdapter(adapter);
            ListView lv = getListView();
            lv.setOnItemLongClickListener(this);

And this is the code for the onItemLongClickListener:
public boolean onItemLongClick(final AdapterView<?> parent, final View view, int position,
        long id) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    String hotelName = (String) ((TextView)parent.getChildAt(position)).getText();
    final List<Hotel> location = datasource.getHotelLocation(hotelName);
    String loc = "Location: " + TextUtils.join(", ", location);
    List<Hotel> address = datasource.getHotelAddress(hotelName);
    String add = "Address: " + TextUtils.join(", ", address);
    List<Hotel> rating = datasource.getHotelRating(hotelName);
    String rat = "Rating: " + TextUtils.join(", ", rating);
    List<Hotel> phone = datasource.getHotelPhone(hotelName);
    final String phoneN = "Phone: " + TextUtils.join(", ", phone);
    List<Hotel> latitude = datasource.getHotelLat(hotelName);
    final String lat = latitude.get(0).toString();
    List<Hotel> longitude = datasource.getHotelLon(hotelName);
    final String lon = longitude.get(0).toString();
    List<Hotel> photo = datasource.getHotelPhoto(hotelName);
    final String pho = photo.get(0).toString();
    //Toast.makeText(hotelSearchList.this, "The hotel clicked is " + hotelName, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
    builder.setTitle("Information About " + hotelName);
    builder.setMessage(loc + "\n" + add + "\n" + rat + "\n" + phoneN + "\n");

    builder.setPositiveButton("Call", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL, Uri.parse("tel:" + phoneN));
            startActivity(i);
        }
    });
    builder.setNegativeButton("View Photo", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            Intent i = new Intent(hotelSearchList.this, imageV.class);
            i.putExtra("photo", pho);
            startActivity(i);
        }
    });
    builder.setNeutralButton("Map it", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

        public void onClick(DialogInterface arg0, int arg1) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            Intent i = new Intent(hotelSearchList.this, mapActivity.class);
            i.putExtra("latitude", lat);
            i.putExtra("longitude", lon);
            startActivity(i);
        }
    });

    builder.setCancelable(true);
    builder.show();
    return false;
}

Here is the log cat:
04-28 19:47:15.159: E/AndroidRuntime(384): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
04-28 19:47:15.159: E/AndroidRuntime(384): java.lang.NullPointerException
04-28 19:47:15.159: E/AndroidRuntime(384):  at egypt.interfaceAct.touristicASearchList.onItemLongClick(touristicASearchList.java:134)
04-28 19:47:15.159: E/AndroidRuntime(384):  at android.widget.AbsListView.performLongPress(AbsListView.java:1753)
04-28 19:47:15.159: E/AndroidRuntime(384):  at android.widget.AbsListView.access$600(AbsListView.java:72)
04-28 19:47:15.159: E/AndroidRuntime(384):  at android.widget.AbsListView$CheckForLongPress.run(AbsListView.java:1711)
04-28 19:47:15.159: E/AndroidRuntime(384):  at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:587)
04-28 19:47:15.159: E/AndroidRuntime(384):  at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:92)
04-28 19:47:15.159: E/AndroidRuntime(384):  at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
04-28 19:47:15.159: E/AndroidRuntime(384):  at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4627)
04-28 19:47:15.159: E/AndroidRuntime(384):  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
04-28 19:47:15.159: E/AndroidRuntime(384):  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521)
04-28 19:47:15.159: E/AndroidRuntime(384):  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:868)
04-28 19:47:15.159: E/AndroidRuntime(384):  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:626)
04-28 19:47:15.159: E/AndroidRuntime(384):  at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

A: By first 8 times you probably mean the items displayed on the screen without needing to scroll, right?
You'd need to post some code in order for us to help you.

A: This is an excellent time to set some breakpoints in onItemLongClick() and use your debugger. It will help you find the null value or at least find the line where it crashes.
I'm willing to guess that the number of times the dialog opens is irrelevant, I assume your 8th entry that has a dud.  If you click the 8th entry first does it still crash?  If so, you check your database, does the row for the 8th hotelName have all of the fields that you request or does one (or more) columns have a null value?
Addition
When the list has scrolled and you use this line:
String hotelName = (String) ((TextView)parent.getChildAt(position)).getText();

The position is out of bounds which returns null causing your NullPointerException since the only children of parent are the visible ones, instead try a faster, simpler approach:
String hotelname = ((TextView) view).getText().toString();

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: How to call a constructor in c# Okay. I am trying to grasp constructors. I want to name this employee a Stormtrooper. But it doesn't seem to call it. I don't know if I am not reading constructors correctly or what but here is what I have
Any help would be appreciated. This is a very noob question I realize.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace ConsoleApplication297
{
public class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Employee s = new Employee(name);
        Console.WriteLine(s.Name);
        Console.ReadKey();
    }

    public class Employee
    {
        private string name;

        public string Name
        {
            get
            {
                return name;
            }
        }
        public Employee(string name)
        {
            name = Stormtrooper;
        }
    }
}

}

A: in your constructor you're setting the local variable to StormTrooper (which isn't valid, as it's not declared any where. If you want it to be a string it needs to be enclosed in quotes, ie "StormTrooper")
It should be this:
public Employee(string name)
{
      this.name = name;
}

The this keyword represents the instance of the class, and then setting the private variable name to the variable passed in named name
I normally name my private variables like so private string _name, so I can have a constructor like this:
public Employee(string name)
{
      _name = name;
}

A: You need to send a string into Employee.
You never defined name in this code
Employee s = new Employee(name);

So instead try
String name = "Stormtrooper";
Employee s = new Employee(name);

Alternatively you can send the string directorly without creating a variable. If you're just constructing the class there is no need to initialise and store a variable.
Employee s = new Employee("Stormtrooper");

Also the fix on your actual constructor thanks to PostMan
public Employee(string name)
{
this.name = name;
}

A: You need to pass a string to the constructor, like this:
Employee s = new Employee("Stormtrooper");

Also, it is generally a bad idea, because it is confusing to people reading/maintaining your code to call a class member variable and a parameter of the constructor the same thing (name in this instance). Instead use the property value Name, like this:
public Employee(string name)
{
    Name = Stormtrooper;
}

Note: Many times you will see an underscore (_) or some other prefix (like my) on class members variables, like this:
public class Employee
{
    private string _name;

    public string Name
    {
        get
        {
            return _name;
        }
    }
    public Employee(string name)
    {
        _name = Stormtrooper;
    }
}

Again, this generally makes it easier to quickly discern variables from property names from constructor parameters.

A: There is an official post on the Microsoft site about constructors - http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/vstudio/ace5hbzh.aspx This will help you with the right way to use constructors as well as choose an appropriate constructor


Istanbul — Turkey's pro-government media published new claims on Monday linking Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman to the death of journalist Jamal Khashoggi after President Recep Tayyip Erdogan vowed to reveal the "naked truth" about the case.
US President Donald Trump, who has resisted pressure to curb arms sales to Saudi Arabia, initially said Riyadh's version of events was credible but then accused the kingdom of lying.
In the past weeks, Turkish media and officials speaking to international media have claimed that audio recordings prove Khashoggi was tortured before being decapitated although no concrete evidence of their existence have emerged. Several senior members of Trump's Republican Party said they believed Prince Mohammed — who has close relations with the president's son-in-law and advisor Jared Kushner — was linked to the killing.
Khashoggi went to the consulate on October 2 to get documents ahead of his upcoming wedding to his Turkish fiancee, Hatice Cengiz, who has now been given 24-hour protection according to Turkish state media Five employees from the Saudi consulate were testifying to prosecutors on Monday, Anadolu said, with 22 foreign and Turkish workers expected to give statements in total.
Meanwhile, German Chancellor Angela Merkel said Berlin would not export arms to Riyadh "in the current situation", despite Germany's approval last month of €416m worth of arms exports to Saudi Arabia for 2018.


Today: The UN has declared 2016 the year of the pulse (that is, legumes). To celebrate, let's talk chickpeas.
Chickpeas show their strengths in this dumpling recipe that is sure to keep you full all day. (Vegetarian Ventures).
Oh, and here's a great falafel recipe, because—falafel. (Flourishing Foodie).
This recipe for chickpeas + miso = a match made in snack heaven. (Dinner with Julie).
Which food blogs inspired you this week? Let us know in the comments!


The size and weight of the coin is fully consistent with 50 kopecks of Nicholas II. Made of silver of 900 fineness. The obverse and reverse of the coins have a raised rim around the circumference. On the edge-no inscriptions.
In the center of the reverse in the ring of dots depicts a five-pointed star inside in a depressed ring, nominal value - the number "50" under the star - year of issue coins "1922". At the top of the edging in a semicircle the inscription - "50 КОПЕЕК" In the lower and lateral parts of the coin features a wreath of Laurel (left) and oak (right) branches, linked at the bottom of the bow. Along the whole of Kant continuously extends the ring of dots.


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Home Entertainment 10 Best Asha Bhonsle Songs You Need To Hear On Her Birthday!
By Sayak Chakraborty -
It is the month of September and well, today, on the 8th day of the month, we celebrate the birthday of one of the pioneers of Indian music of the modern era. She is none other than the forever radiant and luminescent Asha Bhonsle. In 2011, she was acknowledged by the Guinness Book of World Records to be the "most recorded music artist in world music history." This year, on the eve of her eighty fourth birthday, we bring to you 10 best songs of hers from her music career that has already been spread over seven decades.
1. O Haseena Zulfonwali
Teaming up with the great Mohammed Rafi in the film Teesri Mazil from 1966, Asha Bhonsle gifted music lovers with a song which had the feelings of Western Rock N' Roll and Blues combined. The awesome play of words from Majrooh Sultanpuri and the great Rahul Dev Burman heading the music team, this song proved to be a chartbuster. The great Shammi Kapoor and dancing queen Helen brought a larger than life feel for the song on-screen.
2. Mere Sona Re
From Teesri Manzil comes a second song in our list, with the beauty Asha Parekh trying to sincerely woo Shammi Kapoor in the song and later Shammi Kapoor adorned by Mohammed Rafi's voice reciprocates. With Majrooh Sultanpuri penning the lyrics and Rahul Dev Burman's great orchestration for the song makes it an audio treat and Asha Bhonsle did complete justice to the song.
3. Aaja Aaja
Teesri Manzil remains remains one of the fondest films in terms of music from the 60s and thus this is the third song from the film we have here. With the same music director, lyricist duo and Shammi Kapoor and Asha Parekh voiced by Mohammed Rafi and Asha Bhonsle respectively, the on-screen pair set fire to the dance floor together with their crazy moves in this manic number based on the 50s style of American Rock N' Roll.
4. Raat Akeli Hai
The 1967 film Jewel Thief, saw the musical direction genius of Sachin Dev Burman and the lyrical magic of Majrooh Sultanpuri alongwith Asha Bhonsle's voice come together to create one of the biggest hits of the 60s. The on-screen chemistry exhibited by Dev Anand and Tanuja in the song is fondly remembered by all. The song's great vocal range and modulations still make it one of the toughest songs to sing by any means and Asha Bhonsle had pulled it off fantastically well.
5. Piya Tu Ab To Aaja
This song actually catapulted Asha Bhonsle to the stature of "Queen Of Cabaret" in Indian music. It is from the film Caravan, released in 1971. With the supporting vocals and music direction of Rahul Dev Burman and written by none other than Majrooh Sultanpuri, this song is still sung all around. Helen, here again, plays the key role of the sensually, drunk woman in search of her lover. The phrase "Monica! Oh my darling!" is probably not unknown to anyone in India. This song made Asha Bhonsle win her third Filmare Award for The Best Female Playback Singer in 1972.
6. Dum Maaro Dum
Zeenat Aman became a household name with this song which has since achieved a cult status in India. This number from the 1971 film Hare Rama Hare Krishna was a representation of the hippie culture that was prevalent during those times. With the Rahul Dev Burman as its music director and Anand Bakshi as the lyricist, the song also has supporting vocals by Usha Uthup. The song paved the way for Asha Bhonsle to win her fourth Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer in 1973.
7. Ye Mera Dil
Don was a phenomenal hit in 1978 and the only song sung by a female in the film was this one. With Helen trying to seduce the angry young man Amitabh Bachchan in the song, Asha Bhonsle's versatility is expressed immensely well in the song. Kalyanji-Anandji being the music directors for the film and Indivar being the lyrical bard for this piece of music, it has remained an immortal song over the years and also helped Asha Bhonsle win her seventh Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer in 1979.
8. Chura Liya Hai
Yaadon Ki Baaraat still remains one of the most emotional films of the 1970s and its release in 1971 provided with an audiogasm for the masses. The song was a duet by Asha Bhonsle with Mohammed Rafi and the song was composed by none other than Rahul Dev Burman and was written by, you guessed it, Majrooh Sultanpuri. Parveen Babi and Vijay Arora's mutual expression of admiration of each other became a naughty yet loving sequence for the eyes and the orchestration for the song shows what Rahul Dev Burman could really do in his heyday.
9. Dil Cheez Kya Hai
1981 saw the release of the film Umrao Jaan picturising the life of an Awadhi courtesan played by Rekha who falls in love with Nawab Sultan, played by the late Farooq Sheikh. This song became a milestone in Indian music with its complexities in terms of melody and its ballad like lyrics as exhibited through the delightful talents of Khayyam and Shahryar respectively. The song is still loved widely and is close to the hearts of millions.
10. Mera Kuchh Saamaan
Gulzar directed and penned the lyrics for the film Ijaazat. This 1987 film saw Rahul Dev Burman collaborate with his then-wife Asha Bhonsle as music director and singer respectively. In this song, Anuradha Patel requests her lover Naseruddin Shah to return her things which is a metaphor for the memories they shared tohether. Asha Bhonsle dubs it as her masterpiece and believes this song is the closest to her heart of all the songs she has sung till date.
What are your favourites among her songs? Have we missed out any? Make sure you remind us about them just as we have reminded you that 8th September is Asha Ji's Birthday. Let us all get together, on behalf of the TadTooNew team, and wish her a joyous and beautiful birthday! May we have her blessings and love, and we hope she has a longer life!
Asha Bhonsle
Old Melodies
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text:
Heros Among Us: Featured Member Redmond's Bar & Grill
May 6, 2020 | Written by Lauren Simmons
Redmond's Bar & Grill has been a staple member of BizX since 2012. During the normal course of business they have a wonderful dine in experience, takeout and catering options! While the COVID-19 crisis has certainly affected their business, they have been able to pivot with takeout and delivery happening in full force.
Work with NewsUSA to gain national media exposure, guaranteed.
Sales, Service, and Sensitivity in the New Normal Recap
April 24, 2020 | Written by Lauren Simmons
The world is a very uncertain place right now, and the day-to-day for a business owner and employees is very stressful. What will the world look like after quarantine (PQ), and what's the best way to prepare for that are just a few of the topics discussed during the webinar.
For nearly three decades, John Spence has served as a trusted advisor and coach to senior executives at companies around the globe. His wealth of clients includes Fortune 500 corporations, small to medium-sized businesses, and entrepreneurial start-ups. By working with them every day, he helps them "Make the Very Complex…Awesomely Simple." Having served as CEO or owner for six companies, John specializes in business leadership and strategy and has published four books on the subjects. He has also been named by the American Management Association as one of America's Top 50 Leaders to Watch.
John DiJulius
John R. DiJulius III is the authority on world-class customer service. As the founder and owner of John Robert's Spa and president of The DiJulius Group, a customer service consultancy, John understands the critical role customer experience plays in every company. He is the author of 5 books and his client list includes Starbucks, Chick-fil-A, The Ritz-Carlton, Nestle, PwC, Lexus, and many more.
Jack Daly is a leading sales speaker and trainer with over 30 years of sales and executive experience. He started his journey at CPA firm Arthur Andersen and rose to CEO level for several corporations, building six companies into national firms along the way, two of which he subsequently sold to the Wall Street firms of Solomon Brothers and First Boston. Jack holds an MBA, and was a Captain in the U.S. Army. He is the Bestselling Author of Hyper Sales Growthand The Sales Playbook for Hyper Sales Growth. At 58, Jack learned to swim and in only 11 years, completed 15 Full Ironman competitions. He has completed 95 marathons in 50 states and seven continents. He achieves these goals by following his own Life by Design techniques.
Moderator – Kevin Daum
Kevin Daum is Inc. 500 entrepreneur and bestselling author of 6 books. He has interviewed more than 400 CEOs for articles and for his YPO 10 Minute Tips from the Top podcast. His 1000+ columns on Inc.com earn 200,000+ views every month, and he is a highly rated speaker for YPO, EO, Inc., and Gazelles. Kevin is a media professor at Fordham University Gabelli School of Busines
Some key take-aways:
✅ Our teams will remember how we responded during this time.
✅ This season, however unpredictable, is a opportunity--don't miss it.
✅ Spend your time wisely. Be active, be disciplined, be consistent.
✅ Relationships matter more than ever. Be a developer of relationships.
Why Barter Matters: According to Bloomberg & Fox News
Did you know over $12 to $14 billion in barter trades are done every year? As cash flow tightens, or in some cases has come to a grinding halt, now more than ever businesses are looking for ways to maximize what they have.
WA State Governor's Office: How to Stimulate Your Business
March 25, 2020 | Written by Lauren Simmons
We've got the Governor's office on our side! In this podcast, Bob Bagga and Josh Kerns are joined by Michael Paul Ervick, MBA, Small Business Liaison for the Governor's Office for Regulatory Innovation and Assistance (ORIA). He tells us what the Governor's office is doing and can do for small and medium sized businesses.


text:
Daughters of Kobani author on how Kurdish women fighters in Syria became 'world's best hope against Isis'
Gayle Tzemach Lemmon's new book follows the incredible story of a group of women who stopped the advance of the extremists
The Daughters of Kobani follows the Women's Protection units (YPJ) in their battle against Isis (Photo: Delil Souleiman/AFP via Getty Images)
By Taz Ali
An author has documented the extraordinary journey of a group of young Kurdish women who fought to protect their small Syrian town and ended up stopping the advance of Isis.
Gayle Tzemach Lemmon, a New York Times bestselling writer, followed the women of the northern Syrian town of Kobani which, in 2014, was under siege by Islamic State militants.
The Women's Protection Units, also known as the YPJ, were part of the Kurdish forces that managed to reclaim the town in early 2015 and the jihadists were driven back further into Syria. Up to 70 per cent of Kobani was destroyed or damaged after months of street battles.
The story of the women is told in Lemmon's book The Daughters of Kobani.
"They are not just fighting against Isis but also fighting for women's equality," Lemmon told i.
A man looks at the rubble of buildings destroyed in the 2015 clashes between Isis and Kurdish armed groups in Kobani, Syria (Photo: Halil Fidan/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images)
Kurds do not have a state of their own and the land they live on is spread over a swathe of Syria, Turkey, Iraq and Iran (Kobani is on Syria's northern border with Turkey.)
Across the region, the Kurds have long faced prejudice against their ethnic and linguistic identity.
The YPJ is made up of a mix of women who saw what devastation Isis caused to their community, and also those who had long been committed to standing up for Kurdish rights – including the right to celebrate their culture and use their language.
"All these things the Kurdish community have faced huge challenges in exercising," said Lemmon, speaking from her home in Washington.
"One young person said, 'We didn't think this would be our lives, we never thought that this would be what our future would turn out to be.'
"At the beginning, there were young people who took up arms thinking that they would kick the regime [of Syrian president Bashar al-Assad] out. That's sort of as far as it went, there was no thought of fighting Isis or anything like that. That was the thing that always struck me, this was a conflict that no one could've foreseen."
One of the women Lemmon interviewed for her book was a fighter from Raqqa – a city in eastern Syria which was also captured by Islamic State. She had been forced by her brother to marry an Isis fighter at the age of 18.
Gayle Tzemach Lemmon (Photo: Amanda Edwards/Getty Images)
"She went through brutality that, even for somebody like me who has the privilege of seeing and hearing these stories, actually made me sick," Lemmon said. "She was brave enough to try to escape multiple times, every time she gets sent back. She's not allowed to go back to her mother's house according to her brother.
"She's brutalised by her husband and tries to break free of the marriage, she ends up being harmed in ways that are truly unimaginable.
"She manages to get back to home in Raqqa. I said to her, 'How are you here? What makes you have the courage to keep getting up every morning?' And she looks at me and was like, 'Why should anybody have the right to do this to another person? Why do we just stand by?'"
Azeema standing in the Kobani countryside in January 2015 (Photo: Mustafa Alali)
Another memorable moment came when the author spent an evening with YPJ fighter Azeema, who received a call from her sister. The pair squabbled as Azeema was annoyed with the calls and demanded her sister stop ringing. "Everyone can relate to that moment, you don't not answer to your family," Lemmon joked.
"Couple of nights later we sat with her sister, who said, 'She told me to stop calling, I told you we're in the middle of a fight with Isis, why are you calling me, I'll call you when this is over, you got to leave me alone right now – but at least I knew she was alive.'
Shamima Begum: How 'Isis brides' have been left marooned in Syria as the civil war drags on
"The humanity of knowing that's somebody's sister, that really stayed with me."
Lemmon described the terrifying experience of visiting the front line during her trips to Syria between 2017 and 2020, and how many women fighters faced the daily threat of violence almost completely unfazed.
"Klara, one of the commanders, takes us to the front line and just the drive was truly chilling because it's silent except for distant armed fire and mortar rounds. Klara was completely impervious to it, and that's when it first struck me that for these women this was their daily commute to work."
Fighters from the Women's Protection units (YPJ) (Photo: Delil Souleiman/ AFP via Getty Images)
It was the US-led coalition fighting Isis that thrust the YPJ into the spotlight, Lemmon said. What started in 2013 as a protection unit to safeguard their local areas became something global. Fighting alongside their male colleagues in the YPG (Peoples' Protection Units), the YPJ became the world's best option to stop the Isis advance.
"They weren't just fighting Isis for themselves, it was for the rest of the world," Lemmon said.
"When men do remarkable, groundbreaking things, we call them leaders, when women do the same we call them exceptions, and we make them superheroes. And they're not, they're just people rising to the moment. They're not unlike so many other women."
Daughters of Kobani: The Women Who Took on the Islamic State, by Gayle Tzemach Lemmon, Swift Press, £16.99 (Hardback)


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Бан Крістофер (,  3 жовтня 1997, Сеул, Південна Корея), більш відомий за псевдонімом Бан Чан (, ) – автор пісень, продюсер та лідер південнокорейського бой-бенду Stray Kids компанії JYP Entertainment. За даними Корейської асоціації музичних авторських прав (КОМСА) на його ім'я зареєстровано 144 композицій.

__ЗМІСТ__

Біографія
Крістофер Бан народився у Сеулі, Південна Корея; зростав у Сіднеї, куди переїхала сім'я ще у дитинстві. Крім нього в родині є ще молодші брат Лукас (2006 року народження) та сестра Ханна (2004 року народження). В дитинстві родина часто переїжджала, спочатку вони жили у Стратфілді, потім переїхали в Драммойн, потім Енфілд, а потім у Белмор і зараз родина Бан Чана мешкає у Грінакре. Має пса породи Royal King Charles Spaniel на прізвисько Беррі. До переїзду у Південну Корею відвідував Newtown High School of the Performing Arts, де брав уроки акторської майстерності. З самого дитинства активно займався спортом, зокрема, плаванням та футболом і неодноразово займав призові місця.

Бан Чан повернувся до Південної Кореї у віці 13 років після того, як успішно пройшов прослуховування для JYP Entertainment в Австралії. Закінчив Cheongdam High School, яку згодом закінчив і інший учасник гурту Синмін.

Кар'єра

До дебюту
Вперше Бан Чан спробував створювати музику, коли навчався на першому році старшої школи. Але створення музики не було таким простим заняттям, тому він на певний час залишив цю справу і повернувся до неї на третьому році свого навчання у старшій школі. Першою композицією, яку створив Бан Чан, у якості трейні JYP, «오늘 밤 나는 불을 켰어» (), реліз якої відбувся через 5 років.

Наприкінці 2016 року сформував команду 3Racha разом з Ханом (J.ONE) та Чанбіном (SPEARB). На той момент Бан Чан використовував псевдонім CB97 (С та B – ініціали його реального імені, 97 рік народження). 18 січня 2017 вони опублікували свій перший мікстейп J:/2017/mixtape на SoundCloud.

У серпні 2017 року стало відомо, що JYP Entertainment спільно з Mnet працює над запуском реаліті-шоу для того аби створити нову чоловічу групу. Бан Чан був лідером «Male Group Project», що налічував 9 учасників, усіх він обрав сам. 21 вересня стало відомо, що гурт отримав назву Stray Kids.

Дебют і подальша діяльність

2017 — 2020
19 грудня 2017, в 10 епізоді реаліті-шоу Stray Kids було оголошено, що гурт дебютує у складі 9 учасників.

Stray Kids дебютували 25 березня 2018 року з альбомом I Am Not, Бан Чан зміг досягти своєї мети та дебютувати разом з іншими учасниками, хоч йому для цього і знадобилося трохи більше 7 років.

Логотип гурту Stray Kids написаний почерком Бан Чана.

Бан Чан був ведучим у двох епізодах шоу After Club School разом із Джеймі (15&) 12 червня та 17 липня 2018 року.

23-24 червня 2018 року Бан Чан разом з Феліксом були ведучими на KCON NY (Нью-Йорк).

З 2 січня 2019 року Бан Чан проводить регулярні трансляції Chan's Room (Кімната Чана) в додатку V Live, де обговорює останні події в житті гурту, відповідає на запитання та ділиться музичними рекомендаціями зі STAY.

У березні 2020 року в рамках SKZ-PLAYER Бан Чан виконав хореографію до композиції «My House (우리집)» 2PM, відео опублікували на YouTube каналі Stray Kids.

30 травня 2020 Бан Чан опублікував «인정하기 싫어» (, ) – це вразлива балада для фортепіано, яка оголила його душевний біль.

2021
Спільна композиція «오늘 밤 나는 불을 켜» та відео Бан Чана, Чанбіна, Фелікса та Синміна, на вампірську тематику до нього були опубліковані 19 червня 2021 у рамках SKZ-PLAYER. Дослівний переклад на укр. — «сьогодні вночі я запалю світло». Коли наступає ніч, і весь світ занурюється у сон, а ти, лежачи у ліжку під ковдрою, ніяк не заснеш, адже в тебе так багато справ, на які варто звернути увагу. Залишається тільки одне «Up All Night» укр. — «не спати всю ніч».

У червні 2021 року, в рамках MELODY PROJECT, разом із Цзиюй (Twice) виконав партію Брендона Урі у композиції Тейлор Свіфт «ME!».

Спільна композицій та відео Бан Чана та Лі Ноу «Drive» () була опублікована 3 липня 2021 року на YouTube каналі Stray Kids у рамках SKZ-PLAYER. Її назва повністю розкриває всю тему лірики.

З нагоди виходу фільму «Персонаж», 11 серпня було опубліковано відео, де Бан Чан брав інтерв'ю у Раяна Рейнольдса, вони поспілкувалися про фільм та майбутній реліз альбому Noeasy. Також він ходив на до прем'єрний показ цього фільму у Південній Кореї і залишив відгук про нього.

Бан Чан, разом із іншими учасниками продюсерської команди 3Racha, з'явився у 14 епізоді шоу Loud для колаборації із учасниками «команди JYP». Разом з Юн Міном, Чо Ду Хьоном, Лі Ге Хуном, Міцуюкі Омару, Окамото Кейджу та Лі Дон Хьоном вони виконали композицію «Back Door», до якої учасники Loud внесли зміни у ліриці.

Чан потрапив у топ-100 «The 100 Most Handsome Faces» 2021 року, за версією TC Candler, посівши 24 місце.

31 грудня в соціальних мережах гурту з'явилося відео на композицію «#LoveSTAY», яка стала новорічним подарунком для фанатів. Відео містило нарізку кадрів зі знімання музичних кліпів, інших розважальних проектів Stray Kids та безпосередньо відео із запису самої композиції в студії. У ліриці учасники звертаються до своїх шанувальників та висловлюють свою подяку за підтримку, яку вони від них отримують від початку дебюту і дотепер. Бан Чан займався аранжуванням даної композиції.

Особиста діяльність

Примітки

Посилання

Музиканти Stray Kids
Південнокорейські співаки
Репери Південної Кореї

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
US-Asia Geopolitical Realignment: Major US-India Defense Agreement, US Militarization of Asia-Pacific, Erosion of India's National Sovereignty
Logistics Exchange Memorandum Agreement (LEMOA) Signed by India with the United States Adversely Impacts India, Asia, Africa, Eurasia and the Non–Aligned Movement
By Niloufer Bhagwat
The Logistics Exchange Memorandum Agreement ( LEMOA) signed by the Indian Defense Minister Mohan Parrikar and the Secretary of Defense of the United States on the 29th August 2016 with the lame duck administration of President Obama and on the eve of an election in the United States, will leave the United States an exhausted, bankrupt and overstretched Empire even more fragmented and divided, facing a massive financial storm and currency reset long overdue and already on the horizon .
Niloufer Bhagwat (image right)
The text of this Agreement has not been published, however even the outlines indicate that there are absolutely no strategic advantages, only liabilities, and a serious erosion of India's diplomatic leadership and hard won stature as a founder member of the Non-Aligned Movement who had steered clear of military pacts and declined to lease its territory for military bases for use against other countries and people, in keeping with its political, economic and strategic sovereignty, which was the objective of the Indian Freedom struggle led by Mahatma Gandhi, Subhash Chandra Bose and Jawaharlal Nehru among other leaders, incarcerated for several years in the prisons of the British Raj.
It is necessary to recall what the elite and oligarchies of the Anglo-Saxon world did to India during British colonial rule which saw many genocides in India, referred to as the "Great Victorian Holocausts", even as some of the famous Universities in the United States of America such as Yale University were being endowed by the loot from India by those who had served in the East India Company India such as Elihu Yale. He endowed the Yale University from the capital accumulated as a direct gain from financial malpractices in India, including from the slave trade run by this former employee of the East India Company in then Madras Presidency.
The signing of this Logistics agreement, with two more important follow on foundational agreements in the pipeline, is being described by strategic experts committed to an independent strategic policy for India as another "Plassey" moment or syndrome. The reference is to the 1757 battle of Plassey, a miserable skirmish which first gave the British a foot hold in resource rich India; not because a battle was fought but because of the critical role played by Indian financiers and money lenders among them Jagat Sheth who advanced the sum to Robert Clive leading the British forces to bribe Mir Jafar, the General of the overwhelming superior Indian forces of the Nawab of Bengal.
In the case of the current ' Plassey" moment it is reported that it is the financial interests of the well heeled Indian Diaspora and the Multinational Indian Corporate Sector heads, who are members of US think tanks such as the Council on Foreign Relations ( CFR) and the Rand Corporation among others in the US and in the UK, which has influenced the signing of the agreement, as they are a critical financial and political support base of the BJP( Bharatiya Janata Party ) government, the political front of the RSS ( Rashtriya Sevak Sangh established in British India), even though this agreement and the other agreements being negotiated have seriously adverse consequences for India, its economic and trade relations with Asia, Africa, Eurasia and on its political leadership's capacity and ability to take independent military and strategic decisions, apart from shackling the conceptual and operational ability of the Indian armed forces and is a slight to their honour, dignity and self respect as the armed forces of an independent country, not a to be utilized and placed at the disposal of a foreign belligerent power in its own interests.
A vital issue not being considered is that even UNESCO has in its report highlighted that India is 50 years behind in millennium development goals, related to even primary and middle school education among other objectives. The reality that we in India cannot escape is that the real enemy in India is poverty, destitution and lack of basic infrastructure. India has always been militarily competent to deal with military attacks and cross border terrorism by Pakistan covertly encouraged by some of the NATO powers including by the United States government. The hysteria of Pakistan on Kashmir has no basis. The accession document is constitutional, legal and valid in conformity with International Law.
Pakistan never complied decades ago and in a time bound framework with the basic UN proposal for vacation of Pakistan Occupied Kashmir, a precondition for further steps then proposed almost seven decades ago, now irrelevant. Not desiring to vacate 'Pakistan Occupied Kashmir', the government in Pakistan has resorted to cross border terrorism extensively funding and recruiting terrorists encouraged by some NATO powers to bleed India and uses the so called ' Kashmir issue' for internal political purposes. Pakistan sponsored terrorism in Kashmir precedes the use of the al Qaeda. The regional government in Kashmir being inept has created a fracture, with problems of serious maladministration. Sections of the political elite among others in the region use "the terrorist card" for personal enrichment and corruption and for negotiating political leverage for itself with the Central government.
The use of excessive force in the past, and more recently in the form of Israeli supplied pellet munitions exported to India for local law and order problems and the misuse of the issue as a diversion from vital internal economic and political issues by both the oligarchies of Pakistan and India exacerbates the issue .
The 1962 conflict with China was minor by comparison, the direct consequence of uncertain boundaries, with errors of judgment by both China and India in hasty decision making, as a consequence of their colonial legacy was never repeated. In recent years serious attempts have been made by both the governments of India and China to resolve issues on the negotiating table and with success agreed to the signing of a 'Peace and Tranquility Agreement' pending delineation of the boundary. With both sides accepting that economic and trade relations are more important than historical disputes for both countries, in particular since the boundaries are historical, have not been delineated by them and to that extent they are successor States.
LEMOA apart from sowing suspicions in the region, reduces India's independent standing and its capacity to contribute to the vital issues facing the world. Despite its destitution after almost two centuries of colonial rule, India after 1947 was widely respected in the United Nations and in foreign chanceries as a country which was not militarily aligned or subservient to any of the major powers.
Indian leaders then voiced independent opinions and took major initiatives to resolve issues, to harmonize conflicting positions, and voted independently in the General Assembly free from any influence of power blocs. In 1948 when the United States of America and European powers on one hand and the Soviet Union on the other voted for the creation of the State of Israel, it is to the credit of the policy framed in the post Independence period that India declined to be a camp follower, focused on the adverse impact of the creation of the State of Israel on the Arab world, and on the rights of the Palestinian people and their right to Palestinian self determination and forthrightly placed before the General Assembly of the United Nations the proposal for one State of Palestine for the Palestinians with equal citizenship for those Jewish people who had migrated before 1948.
India firmly declined attempts to be lured into the anti Chinese camp by genuine or fraudulent offers then made by the big powers of Security Council membership for India, in an attempt to deny the seat to the Communist Peoples Republic of China. This did not lower India's stature, it was enhanced.
India's voice continued to be heard with respect on all International issues. Significantly the Indian leaders who are remembered in Palestinian refugee camps are Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru and an Indira Gandhi, and this is so in many parts of the world wherever people wage anti Imperialist struggles.
The present Indian leadership has been reckless in signing the agreement. Did wider consultations take place and with who? Have they read history and do they comprehend that the United States of America is not an ordinary power. It is a belligerent power which considers itself 'exceptional 'and is at war with many countries. Its own defense policy statements and on the ground operations establish beyond a shadow of doubt that it is presently at war with the whole world to retain its primacy and to perpetuate the dollar as the world's reserve currency, towards which end it is ready to destroy several countries including in the developing and emerging countries, those with whom India has had cordial relations.
The impact of LEMOA on India's relations with countries which have been targeted as the enemy of the United States and with those countries on whom it is waging a war by other means have not been addressed and considered while signing the agreement, that India will be seen as aiding a belligerent power as' logistic supply' is in fact military assistance when extended to a belligerent power.
The United States already has military bases in 130 countries of the world. Inevitably on the insistent demands of its own citizens the United States will have to close down these bases and withdraw from these commitments as the financial collapse becomes a reality after the US election, to the embarrassment of India 's present policy makers who have rushed to sign the agreement without considering even the immediate future or assessing how governments and people view US policy, that is apart from the creamy layer of the Indian Diaspora in the United States and in the UK and some of the 'Best and Brightest' of Indian Corporate sector always seen as an adjunct of US and UK policies .
This agreement has not been made public with only the outlines being disclosed to the media and is being referred to by the government of India as a logistic supply agreement on mutual request with facilities for berthing, repair and billeting of military personnel to be provided by both sides; however the reality is that Indian ships and aircraft and troops do not extend themselves beyond the Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal except on goodwill visits or rare and genuine humanitarian assistance and missions.
We can only vainly hope there are no secret clauses to this agreement. Strategic experts in the know are of the view that this agreement is similar to the to the 2007 LSA agreement( available on the internet) which the USA has signed with the Philippines a country which has been an integral part of the orbit of the United States of America, and which now seeks to break away from this alliance as it has no future in an Asia where the primary issue today in all countries is rapid economic development, to break out from the colonial and neocolonial backwardness imposed by former colonial powers, still looting the world. This can happen only when peace is preserved in Asia not by signing logistic supply military and other agreements to assist a power waging war on the world, or by reducing oneself to the appendage or a satellite of a former 'hegemon' supported by the Anglo-Saxon- Zionist world out to seize the world's resources.
The United States government has throughout its history and till date, committed genocide, without remorse or conscience and taken over continents of other peoples, ruthlessly colonized countries, pitted one country against another, waged proxy wars through terrorists assisted and supported by the United States government and signed treaties and agreements only to backstab and overthrow both allies and foes to serve its interests with such policies being justified as "US exceptionalism ".
It was known to intellectuals among others in India that the traditions of the Bharatiya Janata Party ( the political front of the RSS ) and its leaders and members were patronized by the British Colonial rulers and had never participated in any anti -colonial or anti- Imperialist struggle and like the Muslim League of colonial India, now in government in Pakistan advanced the two nation theory, and were instruments of the partition of the Indian subcontinent to fragment India in conspiracy with the Colonial power and other political forces; the signing of this LEMOA reinforces the conclusion that these political forces have never accepted India as sovereign and independent of the dominant financial oligarchy of the Western world and have always seen themselves as aligned to these Imperial financial centres, even if these interests conflict with the interests of the masses of the Indian people.
If this decision is not reversed by the Indian or the American people, the signing of these agreements will be another turning point in the political history of India already covertly overrun by Zionist financial and security companies and covert agencies.
Niloufer Bhagwat is Vice-President of the Indian Lawyers Association and Professor of Comparative Constitutional Law at University of Mumbai
Copyright © Niloufer Bhagwat, Global Research, 2016
Articles by: Niloufer Bhagwat


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Die norwegischen Dampflokomotiven der Type 15 wurden zwischen 1896 und 1901 von Thunes mekaniske verksted in Oslo, Hamar Jernstøberi in Hamar, der Schweizerischen Lokomotiv- und Maschinenfabrik in Winterthur, der Sächsischen Maschinenfabrik Hartmann in Chemnitz, Dübs and Company in Glasgow und Nylands mekaniske verksted in Oslo in 16 Exemplaren in verschiedenen Ausführungen für Norges Statsbaner gebaut. Drei Lokomotiven wurden aus Type 11a und Type 11b umgebaut.

Die gelieferten Nassdampf-Verbunddampflokomotiven waren mit einer Walschaerts-Steuerung ausgestattet.

Geschichte
Die Type 15 war eine Weiterentwicklung der NSB Type 11. Während die 11 in der Ursprungsausführung eine Nassdampflokomotive mit einem zweiachsigen Tender war, erhielt die 15 einen dreiachsigen Tender. In späteren Jahren wurde sie als NSB Type 21 erneut verfeinert.

Es waren allesamt Güterzuglokomotiven, die aber mit dem Durchmesser der Antriebsräder von 1.448 mm für Personenzüge mit mittlerer Geschwindigkeit gut eingesetzt werden konnten. Die Lokomotiven waren leicht und deshalb auf Nebenstrecken besonders weit verbreitet. Bis zum Ersten Weltkrieg kamen sie zudem auf Hauptstrecken zum Einsatz.

Umbauten
Die Lokomotiven entstanden zu einer Zeit, in der im technischen Bereich laufend Fortschritte erzielt wurden. Dies hatte zur Folge, dass einige der Lokomotiven mehrmals in ihrer Dienstzeit umgebaut und in neue Unterbaugruppen einsortiert wurden. Im Laufe der Jahre wurden die meisten in Heißdampflokomotiven umgebaut. Bei weiteren Umbaumaßnahmen wurde auf das Verbundtriebwerk verzichtet, wodurch erneut zusätzliche Unterbauarten entstanden. Zudem erhielten drei Lokomotiven der Type 11 dreiachsige Tender und wurden danach als Type 15 (d, f und h) bezeichnet. Die Lieferungen umfassten fünf Stück 15a, eine 15b und zehn 15c, alle weiteren Unterbaureihen entstanden durch Umbauten.

NSB Type 15a
Bauart: 1'C-3 n2v:

Als Baumuster wurde 15a 60 bereits 1896 von Dübs and Company geliefert. 1898 erhielt die Lok die neue Nummer 15a 105. Es folgten 1899 die Lokomotiven mit den Nummern 15a 106 und 15a 121, die aus Deutschland geliefert wurden. Die dritte Serie waren die Nummern 15a 122 und 15a 123 von Nyland. Die 15a 123 wurde 1924 und die 15a 122 1928 in die Unterbaureihe 15f umgebaut.

NSB Type 15b
Bauart: 1'C-3 n2v:

Die von Dübs gelieferte 15b 104 wurde am 2. Februar 1899 in Betrieb genommen. Sie war die einzige Lok dieser Bauart und wurde im März 1921 in Type 15d,  eine Heißdampflokomotive mit Verbundtriebwerk, umgebaut.

NSB Type 15c

Bauart: 1'C-3 n2v:

Diese zehn Nassdampfverbundlokomotiven wurden 1901 und 1902 angeliefert und in Betrieb genommen. Damit endete die Lieferung der Type 15.

Die 15c 110, 125, 126, 127, 139, 141 und 143 blieben bis zur Ausmusterung zwischen 1935 und 1950 im Originalzustand. Die letzte Betriebslok war 15c 110, die am 2. Juni 1950 ausgemustert wurde.

Aus der 15c 142 entstand 1922 die Heißdampf-Verbundvariante mit der Bauart 1'C-3 h2v und der Betriebsnummer 15e 142, 1923 folgte 15c 124 als neue 15e 124 und erst 1940 wurde die 15c 140 in die 15e 140 umgebaut.

NSB Type 15d
Bauart 1'C-3 h2v:

In diese Baureihe wurde die im März 1921 aus der 15b 104 entstandene 15d 104 und die im November 1931 aus der 11f 83 entstandene 15d 83 einsortiert. Die 15d 83 wurde im November 1941 erneut in die Bauart 1'C-3 h2 ohne Verbundtriebwerk mit der Nummer 15f 83 umgebaut.

15d 104 wurde am 9. November 1935 ausgemustert.

NSB Type 15e
Bauart 1'C-3 h2v:

Die aus den 15c 124, 15c 140 und 15c 142 entstandenen Lokomotiven 15e 124, 15e 140 und 15e 142 wurden allesamt erneut umgebaut: aus 15e 124 entstand 1929 die 15g 124, aus 15e 140 1927 die 15f 140 und aus der 15e 142 1928 die 15f 142, allesamt nun ohne Verbundtriebwerk. Die Lok 140 wurde 1955 und die 142 1952 ausgemustert.

Die 15g 124 wurde 1932 ebenfalls in die Baureihe 15e umgebaut, sie wurde am 28. Mai 1954 ausgemustert.

NSB Type 15f
Bauart 1'C-3 h2:

Die 15a 122 wurde 1928 und 15a 123 1924 zur 15f 122 und 15f 123, 15g 124 wurde 1932 in die 15f 124 umgebaut. Aus 15e 140 wurde 1927 die 15f 140 und aus der 15e 142 1928 die 15f 142. Alle Lokomotiven verloren bei diesen Umbauten ihr Verbundtriebwerk. 15d 83, die vormalige 11f 83 wurde im November 1941 in die Bauart 1'C-3 h2 ohne Verbundtriebwerk mit der Nummer 15f 83 umgebaut. Diese war als letzte der Serie bis zum 6. September 1956 im Einsatz.

NSB Type 15g
Bauart 1'C-3 h2:

Die 1929 aus 15e 124 entstandene 15g 124 wurde 1932 in die 15f 124 umgebaut.

NSB Type 15h
Bauart 1'C-3 h2:

Durch den Ersatz des zweiachsigen Tenders der Lokomotiven 11e 64 und 11e 65 durch einen dreiachsigen Tender entstanden die 15h 64 und 15h 65, die bis 1935 und 1947 im Einsatz blieben.

Einsatz bei Norges Statsbaner
Die für die Hell–Sunnanbanen bestellte 15c 125 wurde direkt ab Werk im Februar 1902 an die Ofotbane geliefert. Als Leihgabe des NSB-Distrikts 4 (Trondheim) fuhr sie den norwegischen Zug zur Feier der Vereinigung des norwegischen und des schwedischen Teils der Strecke Kiruna–Narvik–Fagernes am 15. November 1902 nach Riksgrensen.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

015
Dampflokomotive Achsfolge 1C
Schienenfahrzeug (Hamar Jernstøberi)
Schienenfahrzeug (Schweizerische Lokomotiv- und Maschinenfabrik)
Schienenfahrzeug (Thunes mekaniske verksted)
Schienenfahrzeug (Dübs and Company)
Schienenfahrzeug (Sächsische Maschinenfabrik)
Schienenfahrzeug (Nylands mekaniske verksted)