text:
Tag: Power Rangers
Posted in Power Rangers, Television
Power Rangers Dino Fury, "Secret Santa" Review
SERIES: Power Rangers Dino Fury
TITLE: S28:E22 – "Secret Santa"
STARRING: Russell Curry, Hunter Deno, Kai Moya, Tessa Rao, Chance Perez, Jordan Fite
WRITERS: Becca Barnes, Alwyn Dale, Guy Langford, Maiya Thompson, Johnny Hartmann
DIRECTOR: Catherine Bell-Booth
ORIGINAL U.S. AIR DATE: October 15, 2021 (Netflix)
SYNOPSIS: Javi and Solon must stop an explosive in Dinohenge.
New around here? Check out the Power Rangers review archive.
I keep wanting to refer to Javi as Chance, as that's his actor's first name. It also happens to be a more interesting name. So if that accidentally happens here, you know why.
These Christmas episodes have been par for the course since Nickelodeon purchased the brand. They're almost entirely skippable. But occasionally they'll deliver something cool. Bulk and Spike meeting the Samurai Rangers, Peter and Yoshi Sedarso working together in an episode, etc. I don't know that I'd necessarily put this one in the cool category, mostly because "Secret Santa" doesn't seem to know what it wants to be. It's got elements of a clip show, obviously. But it also kind of does its own thing. It's an anomaly that way.
Of Amelia and Ollie, Javi says "She knows just how to push his buttons." We've reached the point where if those two don't get together next season, I'm going to be pretty disappointed. It's a Tobey Maguire and Andrew Garfield in Spider-Man: No Way Home type situation.
So Santa has a direct line to the Power Rangers, eh? Considering how often we've seen Santa on this show over the years, that's actually pretty believable…
Power Rangers Dino Fury, "Void Trap" Review
TITLE: S28:E21 – "Void Trap"
WRITERS: Becca Barnes, Alwyn Dale, Maiya Thompson
DIRECTOR: Michael Hurst
SYNOPSIS: The Rangers use Ollie's mother to set a trap for Void Knight.
Now seems like a good time to talk about Shavaughn Ruakere, who plays Dr. Akana. Like a lot of Power Rangers actors, she's appeared on the New Zealand soap opera Shorthand Street. She also made it to the finals of New Zealand's incarnation of Dancing with the Stars. She's a fine addition to the cast, and takes center stage in this episode.
When the plan goes awry and Dr. Akana is lost in another dimension, Ollie almost immediately blames Zayto. I liked that. A very natural and human reaction. It seems extremely obvious (and it is), but that kind of thing might have been absent in past seasons. And it was Zayto's idea, after all.
Actually, considering this is essentially the season finale (Does the Christmas episode count?), it's interesting how Ollie-centric "Void Trap" is. Historically, finales are typically the Red Ranger's time to shine. That's a little shake up I'm glad to see.
Zayto destroys Reaghoul using the T-Rex Cosmic Megazord. I'd be down about that, if Reghoul's whole thing wasn't resurrecting the dead. Plus, this was an episode where Boomtower got yet another go-around. And this is the season that brought friggin' Lord Zedd back. If they want to bring Reaghoul back, they can bring him back. Even if it's down the road in another series.
After Void Knight's machine is destroyed, the Rangers lose their connection to the Morphin Grid and demorph. Thus, Dr. Akana sees that Ollie is the Blue Ranger. I really wish she'd have said something like, "I knew it was you!" It's not like there was a shortage of clues. There was no subtlety in Ollie's Ranger game…
The fight that the unmorphed Rangers have with Void Knight and his forces is short but sweet. When they get the actors mixed in with the fantastical Sentai elements, it's generally a plus. And doing much of their own choreography too.
Seeing Amelia briefly cross swords with Void Knight (shown below) was cool. She might be the best developed character on the show. So it's nice to see her get a moment like that.
"Void Trap" goes to the trouble of severing the Rangers' connection to the Morphin Grid, only to give it back to them moments later. Not to mention the dinosaur statues being magically rebuilt after Ollie destroyed them. That all feels a little clumsy. But it justified the unmorphed fight sequence. So I'll give it to them.
The Green Morphin Master is the one who restores the Rangers' powers. Again I must ask, why the green one, specifically?
One of our closing shots is of Santaura, Void Knight's…wife? Girlfriend? It would have been really awesome if her eyes had popped open at the end there. Then again, that implies she'll be the villain next season. I doubt that's the case.
"Void Trap" is atypical as far as season finales, or perhaps mid-season finales go. That's not a bad thing, however. The fight between our heroes and our villain is smaller in scale, yet more personal.
Still no sign of Lord Zedd. But there's still plenty of time…
Power Rangers Dino Fury, "Waking Nightmares" Review
TITLE: S28:E20 – "Waking Nightmares"
WRITERS: Becca Barnes, Alwyn Dale, Guy Langford
SYNOPSIS: Zayto and Aiyon must face their nightmares to retrieve new zords.
We open on Aiyon having a nightmare about the final battle thousands of years ago. We then see him take a brief walk through Dinohenge, where he runs into Zayto.
Random: Does Dinohenge have a kitchen? How about a laundry room? It Zayto and Aiyon obviously live there, so it must. Is it weird that I want to see them?
That same night, Mucus has a dream where Area 62 becomes a disco dance club. Pure, unfiltered Power Rangers silliness. Or perhaps, in more adult terms, a Power Rangers themed acid trip.
Aiyon says that combining their two new Dino Keys can form the Cosmic Dino Key and open "portals to anywhere in the universe." I was going to file that little factoid away for future reference. After all, you can't just say something like that and not travel through the universe. But it turns out, I didn't have to wait long at all…
The Rangers discover that the zords linked with their new keys are located on the planet Nibyro. Using the Cosmic Dino Key, they open a portal to take them there. Zayto is quick to rush through said portal, saying they need those zords. On any other show, that would make him an idiot. After all, he doesn't know anything about the planet's atmosphere, gravity, etc. But this is Power Rangers, where every planet in the universe is just like Earth. Heck, way back in Forever Red they walked around on the moon like it was nothing. So I guess Zayto gets a pass.
In his attempt to use the Morphin Grid to power his machine, Void Knight uses Reaghoul, the monster who brought Lord Zedd back to life, to resurrect Boomtower. Our returning general seems to remember everything from before the Rangers destroyed him. So that begs the question: What does Zedd remember? Perhaps it all depends on what period of your life Reaghoul opts to reincarnate you from.
Incidentally, Rheagoul (whose name I originally spelled "Regal") is low key scary. Dude's got skeletons hanging off his body. Just sayin'.
I really wish the two raptor zords seemed more distinct. But all these zords are just…oatmeal. They all blend together.
Power Rangers Dino Fury, "The Makeover" Review
TITLE: S28:E19 – "The Makeover"
WRITERS: Becca Barnes, Alwyn Dale, Maiya Thompson, Guy Langford
SYNOPSIS: As Amelia gets Pop-Pop ready for a date, the Power Rangers face a body-swapping monster.
In the Power Rangers universe, there's a legendary pirate named "Purple Beard." That sounds about right.
J-Borg is a host at Buzz Blast? I thought she was just an assistant for Jane. And yet, I love how the woman she's interviewing doesn't bat an eye at being interviewed by a cyborg.
Our monster for the episode is Boneswitch, a monster that can swap people's bodies. He demonstrates his powers on Slyther and Mucus, and then later swaps Zayto and Amelia, as well as Ollie and Javi.
I think they missed a cool acting opportunity in this episode. They could have had Campbell Cooley and Torum Heng, the voices of Slyther and Mucus respectively, impersonate one another's characters, and then had the Ranger actors impersonate one another. It would have made for a lot of fun. Mighty Morphin Power Rangers did an episode like that in its first season.
Instead, they had Slyther speak with Mucus' voice, Zayto speak with Amelia's voice, etc. Lame. Even lamer? Pop-Pop apparently doesn't realize that Amelia has a different voice. A male voice.
I did chuckle a bit when Aiyon got body-swapped with a pigeon. Corny, but amusing.
When the Rangers are body swapped, they can't link to the Morphin Grid. At least not with their own powers. So they have to swap powers along with their bodies. I scratched my head at that one a little bit. But I suppose it's fair enough.
Seeing the Mosa Razor Zord leap out of the water and grab Boneswitch was one of the cooler zord moments I've seen in the show's recent history. Certainly the coolest one in Dino Fury thus far.
Power Rangers Dino Fury, "Crossed Wires" Review
TITLE: S28:E18 – "Crossed Wires"
DIRECTOR: Caroline Bell-Booth
SYNOPSIS: Izzy's shortcomings in her electronics class leak into her Ranger duties.
New around here? Check out the Power Rangers review archive!
Nice to see them use Fern as Izzy's actual girlfriend. As opposed to a character to be discarded after her big moment earlier this season.
After Izzy messes up with the sleep gas device and teleports away, the civilians in the park wake up. We then have a bit of ADR dialogue where a woman talks about a strange dream where "goblins were turning people into trees." That in itself actually sounds like the plot of a Power Rangers episode. Possibly better than this one…
The initial fight between the Rangers and the Hengemen takes place at what looks like a heavy duty industrial factory type place. I like that, as for some reason it makes me think of the original Saban era of the show. We had a decent amount of factory fights those first 10 years or so. For whatever reason, it's a setting that works well.
I like that we sort of have a double lesson going on in this episode. Obviously, Izzy was lying to her friends about being good at electronics. So she gets hers there. But we've also got Ollie learning to be patient with Izzy as she learns. Hopefully, by the time Dino Fury is over, we'll have the sense that Ollie has learned to be a little less pompous in general.
We get the debut of the Fusion Ultrazord here. It's…another zord. Meh. I'll say this much: When I was a kid, Ultrazords were big tank type things. Now we have Ultrazords that can walk, punch, etc. Times change, I guess.
After Mucus escapes with the Sporix, Amelia says, "Oh Fungus!" That is not what I initially thought she said…
An unexpected appearance from Amelia's Pop-Pop at the end there. Dino Fury has a nicely full supporting cast.
Power Rangers Dino Fury, "Ancient History" Review
TITLE: S28:E16 – "Ancient History"
STARRING: Russell Curry, Hunter Deno, Kai Moya, Tessa Rao, Chance Perez, Jordon Fite
SYNOPSIS: Zayto's leadership skills come into question after a stunning revelation from the Gold Ranger.
Early in the episode we meet Aiyon, another Rafkonian, and the one behind the Gold Ranger helmet. And for some reason, he's in Earth civilian clothes. So…where did he get those? I guess it depends on how much time has passed between this episode and "Storm Surge." Maybe he stopped by an outlet mall on the way to Dinohenge or something?
Zayto and Aiyon are supposedly best friends. But when Zayto discovers that he's alive after all this time, he isn't overjoyed to see him. And keep in mind, he's also been actively searching for any evidence that Rafkon, or someone from Rafkon, is still out there. So we've got a double whammy of good news here, and instead he's solely focused on the disagreement he and Aiyon had literally millions of years ago. I don't buy it.
We see that the Green Morphin (spelled without the g) Master awoke Aiyon from his slumber after being led there by the Nexus Prism. Why the Green Morphin Master as opposed to a different one? No explanation. Though one isn't necessarily needed. More importantly, our green friend tells Aiyon, "Without you, Lord Zedd will reign again." Thus adding a little more credibility to the theory that Zedd will be the main villain next season.
Aiyon reveals that not only were the Sporix Beasts created on Rafkon, but that Zayto could have stopped their creation by voicing his objection. So naturally, he's got trust issues with Zayto. And yet, a short time later during battle, Aiyon asks him, "You got my back?" That's an odd contradiction.
How can you tell I'm an old school Mighty Morphin Power Rangers buff? This stuff with the Megazord not being able to fight underwater, and then being saved by the Mosa Razor Zord made me think of "An Oyster Stew," the final episode of season one. The Rangers faced an almost identical dilemma there.
Power Rangers Dino Fury, "Storm Surge" Review (Gold Ranger Debuts!)
TITLE: S28:E15 – "Storm Surge"
STARRING: Russell Curry, Hunter Deno, Kai Moya, Tessa Rao, Chance Perez
DIRECTOR: Chris Graham
SYNOPSIS: Ollie learns a lesson about keeping promises, as a mysterious storm lingers over Pine Ridge.
New around here? Check out the Power Rangers review archive
Nice bit of continuity in that they tied the mysterious storm back to the (Ninja?) Nexus Prism showing up in "Unexpected Guest." It'll be interesting to see if the powers discovered in this episode are somehow linked to the Prism. Not likely, but it would be cool, right?
Dr. Akana seems like a good mom. But if she let Ollie leave the house in those white pants, she's slacking on part of her job. For whatever reason, I couldn't stand those damn things.
Mr. Whiz (shown below) was indeed played by Campbell Cooley, the actor who voices Slyther. That's nice that they did that. I can see previous administrations just putting a new actor in there, as opposed to going for consistency like that.
So Amelia says to the water monster, "Really, cuz you seem kinda shallow." Afterward, about a second goes by as she cocks her eyebrow. As if the episode wanted to give the awful pun a little more time to breathe, just to make sure we all got it. Still, Hunter Deno's delivery was cute. So we'll give her points for that.
And so, "Storm Surge" gives us the surprise debut of our Gold Ranger. We don't have much to go on at this point, as they're taking the mysterious route for now. I'll say this much: The costume is cool. Blue and gold usually work. It's reminiscent of the Ninja Steel Gold Ranger, only without the goofy cowboy aesthetic. Plus, the gold is more yellow and less brown.
So obviously our Gold Ranger knows Zayto. The whole "Hey Zayto" thing at the end was a little clumsy. Presumably like Zayto, this guy has been asleep for millions of years. So he wakes up, sees one guy that he knows, and then teleports away from him? For no apparent reason? Doesn't add up.
Power Rangers Dino Fury, "Old Foes" Review (Lord Zedd Returns!)
TITLE: S28:E13 – "Old Foes"
WRITERS: Becca Barnes, Alwyn Dale, Johnny Hartmann
SYNOPSIS: A Sporix Beast resurrects Lord Zedd.
Well gosh. As a first generation Power Rangers fan, I wonder if I'll have any thoughts about this one…
Indeed, the show has resurrected Lord Zedd, the most popular villain in the show's history. It's not merely a reference to him. It's not some cockamamie story about he and Rita Repulsa having a son we never knew about. The franchise's quintessential villain is back. What's more, he's brought back in a way that makes you wonder why they didn't bring him back a lot sooner. They simply bring in a monster with the power to reincarnate people. Boom. There's Zedd.
However, they don't simply leave it at that. In a real treat for longtime fans like me, they reference a bunch of old MMPR episodes, talk about Zordon's sacrifice in Countdown to Destruction, and actually treat Zedd like a huge deal. It's one of the better past character that the show has ever done. What's more, as someone who grew up on Mighty Morphin Power Rangers, it's a genuine thrill.
The elephant in the room as far as Zedd is concerned is that his voice is different. Andrew Laing plays the role, as opposed to the late Robert Axelrod. Though even if Axlerod was still with us, I doubt they'd have used him. You'll notice that in the sequence that used the old footage, Zordon, Rita, Alpha 5, and Andros all had their voices dubbed over by different actors. In Beast Morphers, the returning Goldar also had a different voice. I can only assume that's a union issue, and if they could have brought the old actors back, they would have.
The use of the inhibitor collar from Beast Morphers on Zedd was a nice touch. This episode truly is a continuity buff's dream come true. But it was good from a character standpoint too. Unless your name is Dark Specter, chances are Zedd isn't taking orders from you.
The line where Ollie calls Zedd "radiator face" is a callback to a line Rita had in an MMPR episode. Don't ask me which one. I just know she called him radiator face at some point.
We've reached the point where I'm actually going to be mad if Dino Fury doesn't link Ollie and Amelia romantically. Or "ship" them, as the kids would say. Their little back and forth moments have become a highlight of the show for me.
Arguably the best thing about this Zedd development? They didn't kill him off, which would truly have been idiotic. They had him disappear, presumably to return at a later date. I've even heard a little bit of buzz about him being the villain for the second season of Dino Fury. Naturally, there's a lot of intrigue there.
Power Rangers Dino Fury, "The Matchmaker" Review (First LGBTQ Ranger!)
TITLE: S28:E13 – "The Matchmaker"
ORIGINAL AIR DATE: October 15, 2021 (Netflix)
SYNOPSIS: Javi tries to set Izzy up with someone from her training class.
Let's not bury the lede: This episode ends with the revelation that Izzy, played by Tessa Rao, is the Power Rangers franchise's first LGBTQ Ranger. She walks off hand in hand with Fern, played by Jacqueline Joe.
It's tough to look at this as anything but a positive. Though I suppose if one were fishing, one could chide the franchise for taking so long to have an LGBTQ Ranger. But let's look on the bright side. This is a happy moment. And I'm happy it's the Izzy character that gets this distinction. Unlike a lot of Rangers we've seen over the years, she's got spunk and personality, both via writing and performance. Izzy represents the community well.
I maintain that the more diverse the Power Rangers cast is, the stronger it is. That's not strictly a race or a color thing. It also applies to things like family structure, economic background, religion, or in this case sexual orientation. The days where three out of five Power Rangers are straight white kids should have been over a long time ago. Thankfully, Dino Fury reflects that.
When the monster is disguised as Adrian, he recites a poem to Izzy that's written on a scroll. As in, "Hear ye! Hear ye!" It made for a funny visual.
Another funny visual? Zayto disguising himself as an old lady. Very Mrs. Doubtfire.
Utterly buried by the subject of Izzy's sexuality is this episode's other revelation: Void Knight is human (shown above). Knowing how monsters work on this show, he could have been just another big suit creature. But him actually being human definitely adds to his whole tragic villain vibe.
Mucus turning into slime during the spat with Void Knight was a nice touch. Or perhaps not slime. But, well…mucus.
Power Rangers Dino Fury, "Super Hotshot" Review
TITLE: S28:E12 – "Super Hotshot"
WRITERS: Becca Barnes, Alwyn Dale, Maiya Thompson, Guy Langford, Johnny Hartmann
ORIGINAL U.S. AIR DATE: October 9, 2021 (Nickelodeon)
SYNOPSIS: Unbeknownst to her, Izzy's new trainer has greedy motivations.
Izzy asks her dad if she can have an advance on her allowance so she can buy a membership to Coach Bella's gym. To me, this begs the question…Izzy still gets an allowance? How old are you when you're supposed to stop getting one? When you're old enough to get a job? Izzy and Javi's dad must be a softy.
Although maybe I'm a softy too. I thought Izzy's "puppy dog" impression (shown below) was pretty cute.
Campbell Cooley's performance as Slyther continues to be a pleasure to listen to. It's reminiscent of his work as Cosmo Royale in Ninja Steel, which was equally amazing.
Zayto: "Oh, we've got all the toys!" The Power Rangers franchise went a little meta with that line, didn't it?
I initially thought this episode was the first appearance of Fern, Izzy's rival turned friend. Turns out "Winning Attitude" has that distinction. Either way, Fern is about to become one of the more notable civilian characters in the show's history…
I'd argue the greed moral of this episode is even more poignant to adults than it is to kids. That moment where the other Rangers all give money to Izzy was really sweet.


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NewsLocal NewsBrooklyn
Man sought in attempted rape of Ditmas Park woman
Posted: 5:07 AM, Jan 03, 2017
By: Chris Brito
Cops are looking for a man who tried to a rape woman inside her apartment building Sunday night, police said.
DITMAS PARK, Brooklyn — Cops are looking for a man who tried to a rape woman inside her apartment building Sunday night, police said.
The 22-year-old woman was walking to her Ditmas Park apartment around 10:30 p.m. when she encountered an unidentified man who entered the building with her, according to the NYPD. As they were entering the building's elevator, the man tried to talk to her. When the elevator arrived at her floor, the man began to grab the woman, threw her down to the ground and attempted to remove her pants, police said.
The victim screamed and the attacker fled when the elevator doors opened, police said. She was treated and released by EMS at the scene.
There are no arrests at this time. The incident is being investigated by the Brooklyn Special Victims Squad.
The culprit, who has black short-length hair, is described as about 20 years old, about 5 feet 9 inches and 160 pounds. He was wearing black work boots, blue-hooded jacket and blue jeans.
Anyone with information is asked to call the NYPD's Crime Stoppers Hotline at 1-800-577-TIPS (8477) or, in Spanish, 1-888-57-PISTA (74782).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


* Subcategory cleanup priority reviewed and modified for efficiency.
* Made changes to the way users are notified of PC maintenance status.
* Resolved an issue with the Repair All button operation.
* Improved algorithms used by Internet Optimizer.
* Some window scaling issues were corrected.
* A few localization issues resolved.


text:
Näseudden är en udde i Finland.   Den ligger i den ekonomiska regionen  Borgå  och landskapet Nyland, i den södra delen av landet,  km öster om huvudstaden Helsingfors. Näseudden ligger på ön Emsalö.

Terrängen inåt land är mycket platt. Havet är nära Näseudden åt sydväst. Den högsta punkten i närheten är  meter över havet,  km öster om Näseudden.  Närmaste större samhälle är Borgå,  km norr om Näseudden.

Klimatet i området är tempererat. Årsmedeltemperaturen i trakten är  °C. Den varmaste månaden är augusti, då medeltemperaturen är  °C, och den kallaste är januari, med  °C.

Kommentarer

Källor

Halvöar i Nyland
Borgå

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Having specific issues in git merging a new branch into my head branch
Possible Duplicate:
In git merge conflicts, how do I keep the version that is being merged in?

I have two local git branches on my machine - a branch called "v2" and a branch called "master".
I'd like to merge the "v2" branch into the "master" branch.  When I perform the merge, there are a number of conflicts that I must resolve one by one.
The ones I'm having trouble with are where the "master" branch file has additional code that the "v2" branch does not.  How do I keep the "master" branch file and not the "v2" branch version of the file?
The options presented to me by Git Tower for these types of conflicts are:

*

*Mark FILENAME as Manually Resolved

*Resolve by Keeping FILENAME

*Resolve by Deleting FILENAME

*Restore Their Version of FILENAME

*Open in External App

From my understanding, the option to "keep" the file meant keeping the "v2" version (the one being merged in) and "deleting" the file meant not adding the "v2" version (but instead keeping the existing "master" version).  When I used this option, though, it actually deleted the file altogether from the repo.
How do I keep the "master" branch file and not the "v2" branch version of the file for these types of conflicts?

EDIT: I'm merging v2 into master while master is checked out and the head branch.

A: Since you're merging something else (v2 a.k.a theirs) into master, you can "keep" the file (which refers to "ours"), leaving the file as it is on master.
Remember that git repos are self-contained; you can simply test something like this by making a backup (copy the whole containing folder of your repo somewhere else, or ZIP/TAR it up), and try it out. If it doesn't produce the result you thought, and you can't undo it with git tools, simply delete and restore your backup! :D

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
A Welsh National Debt must be to our own bank
The reactions of the Welsh Government to the first part of the report of the Silk Commission on Devolution in Wales, and the seeming cross-party adoption of its recommendations for borrowing powers for WG, should send alarm bells ringing for anyone in the Principality possessing even a passing acquaintance with the calamitous history of public borrowing by nations which, like Wales, lack monetary sovereignty. The situations of the contemptuously labelled 'PIGS' (Portugal, Ireland, Greece and Spain), provide a chilling caveat to politicians of any nation who might view private borrowing through the bond markets as a panacea for economic malaise: with austerity of an even more brutal and destructive kind being imposed on these debtor nations than that being voluntarily imposed on the UK by the benighted coalition. Clinton strategist and political consultant James Carville famously once joked that if he was reincarnated he would come back as the bond market because 'You can intimidate everyone': that sparkling economic bon mot must raise few smiles on the streets of Athens in the present day and this is one joke which it would be better for Wales not to be in on.
The statement of 2nd February this year by Welsh Finance Minister Jane Hutt makes clear that the WG's 'priorities' in the wake of Silk 1 are to secure 'devolution of borrowing powers to finance capital investment and to manage short term budgetary fluctuations arising from any tax devolution' and also, possibly, 'early access to borrowing powers, ahead of any tax devolution, to finance specific infrastructure projects, in line with the commitment in the joint statement on funding reform issued in October 2012'. The joint statement states that Westminster accepts the case for devolved borrowing powers for the WG for financing infrastructure projects, 'subject to an appropriate independent stream of revenue being in place to support it'. Yet the statement also suggests that the UK and Welsh Governments should 'continue to explore the options for financing specific infrastructure projects, including the case for early access to borrowing powers in anticipation of a future independent revenue stream': quite how this would be financed is never explained, only that any such power should work within the UK Government's need to live up to its 'fiscal mandate', a phrase which has proved enigmatic at best since its first airing in Osborne's budget speech of 2011, but which seems to have its foundations in Osborne's ideological deficit psychosis (the issue whether 36.1% of the national vote constitutes a 'mandate' for anything is for another day). This frontloading of borrowing powers ahead of fiscal devolution is only one of the ominous spectres haunting this WAG project and we may be heading into a situation where, to paraphrase Santyana, we are doomed to repeat history by ignoring its lessons.
Yet alternatives to this headlong rush into the perilous embrace of the bond markets exist and there is a model which, despite its international successes, is totally ignored in the UK context: public banking. Public banking is vital to the successes of the more respectfully-named BRIC nations (Brazil, Russian, India and China), as well as of European economic powerhouse Germany through the social ownership model of the Sparkasse/Landesbanken and the state-owned Bank of North Dakota in the US. The public banking model is in essence quite simple: a nation such as Wales (as well as its local government units), could a use a portion, or all, of its budget as the depository base for a bank which has as a sole mandate investment in national infrastructural projects and in the local SME sector: taking advantage of the ability of banks to create liquidity through the issue of credit via the process known as fractional reserve banking.
A public bank allows the region or state to overcome the shortcomings of the private banking system, wherein perverse incentives and lunatic risk models have turned banks away from investment in the 'real' economy of production, infrastructure and research and development, and towards lending for asset price inflation, derivatives gambling and bubble creation, as can be observed in the crisis in the real estate sectors of the UK and US. Public banking also has the enormous advantage that profits received through arbitrage on loans, the difference between the bank's borrowing rate or depositor rate and the rate at which it makes loans (also known as the 'spread'), after overheads are met, comes back as a dividend to the bank's primary shareholder: the state. This system uses the credit creation function of banks for the good of society and to meet the needs of the broad majority, instead of perpetuating the current extractive system of private banking wherein the profits on loans to public bodies are paid out in dividends to an already wealthy class of private shareholders or in obscene bonuses to bankers, often subsequently being offshored or used as a base for further rent-seeking.
The 2011 publication Public Financial Institutions in Europe, produced by the European Association of Public Banks provides ample evidence of European public banking institutions having been instrumental in saving national and local government large sums on loans for infrastructural investment, as well as detailed examples of the success of public banking models in stimulating SME sectors. At the present time such social models of banking and credit seem to be slowly entering the national conversation in Wales: with Plaid Cymru currently leading the pack by making a Welsh public bank for SME investment policy part of their 'Plan C' for the Welsh economy. It will certainly take a party with vision and courage to think outside the current neo-liberal policy box and face up to the opposition that such a plan will doubtless generate from vested interests within the financial sector, but if a public banking option is not fought for the danger of Cardiff becoming the Athens of the North, but not in the positive Edinburgh Enlightenment sense, will continue to hang over our national future.
Ian Jenkins is Secretary and researcher for Arian Cymru (Money Wales), a politically independent organisation, formed with the objectives of promoting a wider understanding of our economic system and of stimulating the rethinking and debate of banking and finance in the Welsh context.
Learn more and get involved:
Arian Cymru will will he hosting an event at the Wales Millennium Centre on Thursday September 26th from 7-9pm. It's called Banking and Economic Regeneration Wales (BERW) and will feature Ann Pettifor (nef/PRIME), Leanne Wood AM (Leader, Plaid Cymru), Marc Armstrong (Public Banking Institute, US) and Pippa Bartolotti (Leader, Green Party Wales) - tickets.
If you have any question please contact us on 02920 482 593 or ariancymru@gmail.com.
You can also visit our website at www.ariancymru.eu or find us on Facebook and Twitter.
Published on 19.9.13


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New Jersey Assembly Approves Marijuana Decriminalization Bill
By Greg Rosalsky
Garden State pot smokers have a reason to rejoice, at least temporarily: New Jersey legislators voted on Monday to decriminalize possession of small amounts of marijuana. Governor Chris Christie (R), however, has vowed to veto the legislation.
The New Jersey Assembly voted 44-30 to approve a measure (A1465) that would make possession of 15 grams of marijuana or less a minor civil offense similar to a parking ticket. Fines would range from $150 to $500, with mandatory drug education classes for repeat offenders. The current fine for marijuana possession is $1,000 and violators face up to six months in jail.
Even if the bill passes the state senate, Christie's veto threat ensures it's unlikely to become law. "The federal government still says marijuana is an illegal drug," Christie said to a town hall on Friday. "I don't think we should send any sort tacit approval to our children that somehow this is not bad anymore."
He's not the only opponent of the bill. New Jersey Assemblywoman Mary Pat Angelini (R-Monmouth County) on Tuesday released a statement condemning the decriminalization of marijuana, Marlboro Patch reported.
"Marijuana is an addictive gateway drug that affects the brain, can lead to anxiety and depression, and harms the heart and lungs," Angelini said in her statement. "Decriminalizing this dangerous substance sends the wrong message to children and tells them that their physical health, mental well-being and daily work and social functions don't matter."
Angelini has been a crusader against the liberalization of marijuana drug laws. She is the head of a non-profit, Prevention First, that works against substance abuse and opposed 2010 legislation legalizing the use of medical marijuana in New Jersey.
"When Governor Corzine and this Legislature approved a medical marijuana law in 2010, I said it was the first step toward legalizing marijuana. I did not know the next leap would happen this quickly," she said.
Despite the bill's dim prospects, there's ample evidence that public opinion on marijuana legalization is shifting nationally. Last month, a Rasmussen poll found 56 percent of Americans approve of legalizing marijuana and having it regulated like tobacco and alcohol.
Legal Marijuana Across The U.S.
Politics Chris Christie Marijuana New Jersey 4 20
Legalized for medical use. Flickr: alana sise


When parties separate it is not always necessary to go to court. A negotiated settlement is far more preferable than the emotional and financial costs of proceeding to court. Most separated couples negotiate a separation agreement which is a domestic contract under the Family Law Act that can deal with all issues related to the breakdown of a relationship including custody, access, parenting, child and spousal support, and property division. The process of how you obtain that agreement is one you must decide and which one is right for you in your particular circumstances.
The Traditional Approach to negotiating a separation agreement means both parties are represented by lawyers. The parties and their lawyers attempt to work cooperatively towards a resolution. Parties will exchange financial disclosure and then attempt to negotiate and sign a full agreement, oftentimes utilizing four way meetings.
This process works very well for parties who consider they can negotiate mutually satisfactory terms of a separation agreement with the assistance and expertise of lawyers, ensuring that all legal issues are carefully and thoroughly addressed. If negotiation is unsuccessful, either party may commence a court action. This may be necessary if after preliminary negotiations you doubt that a settlement may be reached.
Collaborative law is a legal process enabling couples who have decided to separate or end their marriage to work with their lawyers and, on occasion, other family professionals in order to engage a cost effective team and to avoid the uncertain outcome of court and to achieve a settlement that best meets the specific needs of both parties and their children without the underlying threat of litigation.
This process allows parties to have a fair settlement. The separating couple signs a participation agreement binding each other to the process and disqualifying their respective lawyer's right to represent either one in any future family-related litigation.
The collaborative process can be used by couples experiencing low, medium or high conflict or trust issues, to facilitate a broad range of family issues. When an agreement is reached the lawyers prepare a draft agreement for review and editing by parties.
Collaborative Practice is by definition a non-adversarial approach. Your lawyers pledge in writing not to go to court. They negotiate in good faith, and work together with you to achieve mutual settlement outside the courts.
Mediation involves a Mediator negotiating with the parties in order to help them reach a mutually satisfactory agreement. This process can occur with or without counsel. Once progress notes and/or a draft separation agreement is prepared, it is reviewed by the parties and then sent to each party's counsel for independent legal advice and signature by the parties.
This can be a very cost effective option as the parties share the costs of mediation and only pay their individual lawyers for advice given throughout the process, rather than paying two lawyers to negotiate and draft the agreement.
You and your spouse each retain lawyers and voluminous court documentation is prepared, exchanged and filed at court. Oftentimes most of the documentation filed at court for each litigant is excessive and unrestrained, which often means prohibitive costs and fees extending over a period of 1 to 3 or more years. It is the most costly process and is adversarial in that it becomes a gladiatorial match between spouses and their children.
At Susan T. Dixon Family Law office, we have experienced professionals who are focused on helping you achieve a fair and peaceful resolution as quickly as possible while keeping financial and emotional costs to a minimum.
Susan can represent you in any process you choose to help you achieve your goals.
Be assured that we always 'walk in your shoes' and never provide advice or a legal process that we would not consider taking under the same circumstances.


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The Convergence Stack
Convergence Alliance
Outlier Ventures joins the Wall Street Blockchain Alliance
Outlier Ventures and Imperial College Hackathon: Blockchain, Smart Contracts & Token Economy
Catherine Thomas
Meet our latest venture: Fetch.AI
Posted by Outlier Ventures joins the Wall Street Blockchain Alliance - December 2017
Firms' experts will share knowledge and advocate for blockchain adoption across financial markets
London (November 28, 2017) — We are pleased to announce that Outlier Ventures, the leading blockchain and Web 3.0 venture capital firm, has joined the non-profit trade association the Wall Street Blockchain Alliance as a corporate member. Outlier brings a wealth of experience in crypto-economics, blockchain technology, regulatory issues and funding new innovation in the industry.
As Ron Quaranta, Chairman of the WSBA notes: "We are very excited to have Outlier Ventures join the WSBA as one of our corporate members. The team at Outlier have been involved in the development of blockchain from the early days and bring a wealth of expertise to WSBA members and the industry."
Jamie Burke, CEO, Outlier Ventures commented: "The WSBA fulfills an increasingly important role in working with and educating the Wall Street community about how blockchain can reinvent and improve decades old financial services processes. With distributed ledger technology, global financial markets can be more efficient, more innovative and more transparent. We look forward to working with the WSBA team and the entire membership to further build and share blockchain knowledge."
Greg Murphy, Head of Regulation and Compliance for Outlier Ventures added: "Blockchain regulation and the development of best practices has come a long way but there's still a lot of work to do for the global promise to be fulfilled. This effort requires high-level cooperation between the blockchain community, the financial services industry and regulators. The WSBA plays a leading and critical role in furthering such dialogue. I look forward to contributing to the discussion on the legal working group and other initiatives within WSBA in the coming months"
About the Wall Street Blockchain Alliance
The Wall Street Blockchain Alliance (WSBA) is an industry leading non-profit trade association, with a mission to advocate, guide and promote comprehensive adoption of blockchain and distributed ledger technology across global financial markets.
For information about the WSBA, including membership, visit www.wsba.co or email to info@wsba.co.
Security Procedures
The Convergence Alliance
Outlier Ventures Operations Limited is an Appointed Representative of Sapia Partners LLP, a firm regulated and authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority ("FCA")


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Short Bio: I'm a retired fed, lover of aviation, spoiler of grandchildren, published author, short story writer, and novelist. And I'm opinionated–really opinionated.
Six-Word Bio: "I never took the expected path." (Now, you know where the blog name comes from.)
Medium Bio: P. A. Duncan is a retired bureaucrat with an overactive imagination—at least that's what everyone has told her since she first started making up stories while in elementary school, prompted by her weekly list of spelling words.
A commercial pilot and former FAA safety official, she lives and writes in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. A graduate of Madison College (now James Madison University), she has degrees in history and political science. Politics and history tend to work their way into her writing.
She is President Emeritus of the Board of Governors of the Virginia Writers Club (VWC), one of the oldest writer organizations in the country.
Her fiction has won contests (including the 2016 VWC Golden Nib Award) and has appeared in numerous literary journals and anthologies. When not writing, reading, singing in a UU choir, watching the Yankees, or cheering on Dale Earnhardt, Jr., she delights in spoiling her grandchildren.
Long Bio: Phyllis Anne Duncan is a retired bureaucrat with an overactive imagination–at least that's what everyone has told her since she first started making up stories in elementary school prompted by her weekly list of spelling words.
A commercial pilot and former FAA safety official, she lives and writes in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. A graduate of Madison College (now James Madison University), she has degrees in history and political science. History and politics feature prominently in her work.
Her first print collection of short stories was the 2000 paperback, Rarely Well Behaved, which, in 2012, became two separate, reissued books, Blood Vengeance and Fences. In December 2012, she published Spy Flash, a collection of espionage flash fiction stories. In 2015 The Better Spy, a novel in stories, came out, as did two novellas: My Noble Enemy and The Yellow Scarf. A sequel, of sorts, to her upcoming novel, A War of Deception, was published in 2016: A Face in the Crowd. In early 2017, she published the first of a two-novelette series about the 2016 election, Who Watches the Watchmen? Its sequel, Hidden Agendas, is due out later in 2017.
Other short stories have appeared in eFiction Magazine in 2011 and 2012; in the 2013 Blue Ridge Anthology; and in the 2013 1 x 50 x 100 Anthology, a collection of 100-word flash fiction; in the 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018 Skyline Anthologies. A short story, "Marakata," submitted for WriterHouse's 5th Anniversary Short Story Contest, won third place. Her short story "Man on Fire" was a finalist in the Press53 AWP Flash Fiction contest and later published in Prime Number Magazine. A short play, "Yo' Momma," won the Ampersand Arts Bar Hopping Contest and was staged in April 2014 in Staunton, VA. Her short story, "Reset" won the Virginia Writers Club Golden Nib Contest in 2016.
Ms. Duncan has studied writing at the Gotham Writers Workshop, Writers.com, and Tinker Mountain Writers Workshop. End Times, book one of a four-book series on domestic terrorism, was a semi-finalist in the 2011 James River Writers Best Unpublished Novel contest. Her freelance, feature articles on life in the Shenandoah Valley have appeared in the Staunton News-Leader. She is a member of WriterHouse, James River Writers, Virginia Writers Club (currently President of the Board of Governors), Blue Ridge Writers, Shenandoah Valley Writers, SWAG (Staunton, Waynesboro, Augusta Group) Writers, and the Association of Writers and Writing Programs.
When not writing, reading, singing in a UU choir, rooting for the Yankees, or cheering on Dale Earnhardt, Jr., she delights in spoiling her grandchildren.
Another new interview on the Flash! Friday page.
A new interview with me by romance (yes, romance!) author Margaret Locke!
Here is part one of an interview with me at Flash!Fiction, regarding my winning story for the second annual Flash!versary Flight Fiction Contest.
Here is an impromptu interview with me for the podcast "Summer Books."
A very short interview with me on the Shenandoah Valley Writers site.
An audio interview with me about my book, Spy Flash, done at The Bookcast.
An interview with me about my experiences at the Association of Writers and Writing Programs 2013 Conference in Boston, MA, by writer friend, Jan Bowman. (Click on the word "interview" to go to the, well, interview.)
A two-part interview with me by my good writer friend, Jan Bowman: (Part 1) (Part 2)
Here is another interview with me featured on Writers Block.
Here is an interview with me featured on the James River Writers web site: http://www.jamesriverwriters.org/phyllis-anne-duncan
An interview with me from across the pond.
PROFILE – PHYLLIS ANNE DUNCAN (aka, Phyllis A. Duncan, P. A. Duncan)
Pets at home: Alas, none. I'm allergic to cats and dogs; fish are too high maintenance. I like to look at the farm next door and see the cattle, knowing I have to do nothing about them, unlike when I grew up.
Best advice you've ever been given: As a person/employee/manager, advice my Dad gave me: Treat everybody the way you want to be treated, and never ask anyone to do something you wouldn't do. As a writer, advice from Sara Paretsky: They're your characters. Write them exactly the way you want to write them.
Favorite motto or quote: My clan motto is Disce Pati, or "Learn to Suffer," but that's a bit of a downer. I prefer my six-word biography: "I never took the expected path."
Favorite Author: Too many to list.
Recent read: A Gentleman in Moscow, by Amor Towles.
Must-see TV: Just about anything on the Science Channel (I'm a frustrated astrophysicist.) and The History Channel 2. I won't be happy until Keith Olbermann returns to television.
Dream Conversation: Vladimir Lenin
If you had the opportunity to sit down with President Obama, what would you say to him? I'm going to miss "No drama Obama."
What's on your bucket list? A trip to Ireland
Guilty Pleasure: Maker's Mark
Dream Vacation: Participating in an archeological dig
Pet Peeve: Hypocrisy
If you could go back in time and experience life in another era, what would it be? As a historian, I've considered that; I even wrote a story about it, which appeared in eFiction Magazine. So, I'll give the same answer: the moment the Big Bang erupted, so we could end that eternal debate.
Favorite Music: It depends on my mood, but it can vary from classical to country to hard rock to songs of the Irish Revolution to rock to opera, but no pop.
Favorite Food: French, hands down.
If you could own a famous work of art, what would it be? Picasso's Guernica
If you could change one thing about yourself, what would it be? I'd never change a thing about myself or my life. That all combined to make me who I am now, and I'm pretty pleased with that. I wouldn't mind, however, to have been luckier in love.
Thanks to the Staunton News Leader for the format of the profile.
Please like my Amazon Author Page and/or my Facebook Author Page.


I wanted to let you all know, if you have not already noticed, that the interface to install and manage AgoraCart within the Cpanel environment has been enhanced.
If you have access to the latest and greatest versions of cpanel via your hosting account, you will find that the setup adds another space for the setup. The main features are the ability to upgrade your store as cpanel updates their core files, the ability to move or copy your store to another directory (duplication and moving with the click of a link), and a cleaner interface.
All in all, it's very nice and adds more functionality in managing your initial store installations.


The CONIFA World Football Cup final at Enfield on Saturday evening will be contested by Northern Cyprus and Karpatalya.
Former Premier League referee Mark Clattenburg will take charge of the clash at the Queen Elizabeth II Stadium, which will kick off at 6pm following the third-fourth place play-off.
Northern Cyprus beat Padania 3-2 at Carshalton in Thursday's first semi of the tournament for non-FIFA affiliated international teams, twice coming from behind to equalise against their Italian opponents before former St Mirren striker Billy Mehmet grabbed his second goal of the game in the 84th minute to seal victory.
In the second semi at the same venue, two teams of ethnic Hungarians faced off, with Karpatalya - from a region of south-west Ukraine - taking a three-goal lead against Szekely Land, representing Magyar settlers from an area of central Romania.
The Szekelys pulled two goals back towards the end of the second half, but a stoppage-time strike from Csaba Peres gave Karpatalya a 4-2 win.
Also on Thursday, Liverpool legend Bruce Grobbelaar pulled on his gloves to play international football again at the age of 60 as he started in goal for Matabeleland in their 1-0 'friendly' win over the Chagos Islands.
Matabeleland, representing people from western Zimbabwe, had been due to play Ellan Vannin in the placement-round fixture but their opponents from the Isle of Man had earlier pulled out of the tournament in a dispute over player eligibility.
The CONIFA World Football Cup concludes on Saturday, with both the third-fourth place play-off and the final to be played at Enfield Town's Queen Elizabeth II Stadium, and placement round matches taking place at Bedfont, Aveley, Rotherhithe and Haringey. Tickets cost £11 for adults, and £5.50 for Under-18s.


A recent poll in Ohio shows real estate mogul Donald Trump leading over the state's supposed favorite son, Ohio Gov. John Kasich (R).
Peter Brown, the assistant director of the Quinnipiac poll, pointed out that 78 percent of Trump's supporters are 100 percent committed to supporting him–which is higher than the rest of the candidates–while five percent of likely Republican voters are undecided. However, 38 percent of Republican voters say that they could change their minds before election day.
Despite his lead, Trump's favorables are only at 57 percent, below Kasich (77 percent), Rubio (62 percent) and Cruz (60 percent), suggesting that likability is not of high importance to Republican primary voters in Ohio.
Brown cautioned that Trump leads over Kasich only by five points, so he can't exactly breathe easy. However, the fact that Kasich isn't winning in his home state where he is thought to be popular does not bode well for him, especially since Trump and Carson both led Kasich in Ohio back in the fall. Kasich losing Ohio would be the death knell for his campaign.


That's an oversimplified but good way to sum up Tampa Mayoral candidate Ed Turanchik's transit plan.
Rather than focusing on enhancing regional connectivity, Turanchik instead wants to perfect community-focused transit routes that, together, could support an entire network. Without it, he said there's no reason to bother funding additional regional transit.
"When a high-capacity, high-frequency bus stops at an interstate transit terminal on Interstate 275, how does someone then get to International Plaza or the Westshore District?" Turanchik mused.
He touched on an issue that plagues transit districts everywhere known as the first-mile/last-mile issue. It's when transit networks connect to general work centers and residential areas, but lack any connectivity between transit stations and final destinations.
That problem is why Turanchik describes a 41-mile proposed bus rapid transit route running along I-275 between St. Petersburg and Wesley Chapel as a non-starter. Turanchik wouldn't give specific routes or modes, but offered some hints about his transit mindset.
"It's focusing on creating congestion-proof corridors," Turanchik said.
That could mean a number of things. Bus rapid transit, when done properly, runs in dedicated lanes that aren't subject to vehicular traffic. Light rail is safe from congestion. Even more futuristic solutions that Turanchik says are closer than people realize could solve transit problems if they operate outside the flow of general traffic.
Turanchik's emphasis for now is figuring out where transit needs to be and who it needs to connect. The mode of transportation will depend on what's best for each individual corridor.
For example, there are vehicles available now that run on rubber tires like a bus, but that are fully autonomous and operate on a fixed route like a train. Some of them even look like trains.
While Turanchik is hyper-focused on local transit, he's also aware of regional needs and opportunities if connectivity improves. He said he's going to do everything he can to make sure the Brightline high-speed rail between Tampa and Orlando happens. The group All Aboard Florida wants to lease the state-owned right of way along Interstate 4 to build a privately funded rail line. Turanchik was part of the effort years ago to dedicate the I-4 right of way for high-speed rail that was ultimately squashed when Florida Gov. Rick Scott turned down $6 billion in federal funding for it.
Turanchik said the Brightline proposal could even lend itself to the debate over whether or not to build a baseball stadium for the Tampa Bay Rays in Ybor City. Right now transit options getting into that area are lacking, but a connection to Orlando could increase attendance among Central Floridians. The team wants to move from its home in St. Pete in order to improve game attendance.
As an attorney with Akerman LLP, Turanchik has worked as a consultant for HMS Ferries for years. He successfully worked with the company and four local governments – Hillsborough and Pinellas counties and the cities of St. Pete and Tampa – to launch the Cross Bay Ferry pilot project connecting St. Pete and Tampa across Tampa Bay.
Turanchik is making the case for two services – one connecting south Hillsborough County to MacDill Air Force base on weekdays during commuting hours and another Cross Bay Ferry-type service between downtown St. Pete and Tampa on nights and weekends.
The MacDill service would capture a wide variety of commuters in an area transit-deficient while the St. Pete service would offer entertainment commuting options found popular during the Cross Bay Ferry's six- month pilot project in 2016.
Turanchik acknowledges funding for transit will always be an issue. He said he supports additional funding for transit projects, but he hasn't considered a possible referendum a group of private citizens is trying to get on the November ballot for a one-penny sales tax.
"As mayor, having that amount of resources would be absolutely super, but it's also an opportunity for bad projects getting done because there's so much money," Turanchik said.


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About ARINGO
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Top-10 MBA Programs in the U.S.
Booth MBA – University of Chicago
Columbia MBA – New York
Fuqua MBA – Duke University
Haas MBA – Berkeley University
Harvard MBA – Harvard University
Kellogg MBA – Northwestern University
Sloan MBA – MIT
Stanford MBA
Tuck MBA – Dartmouth College
Wharton MBA – Upenn
More MBA Program in the U.S.
Anderson MBA – UCLA
Babson MBA – Olin
Darden MBA – Virginia University
Goizueta MBA – Emory University
Johnson MBA – Cornell University
Kelley MBA – Indiana University
Kenan-Flagler MBA – UNC
McCombs MBA – Texas University
Ross MBA – University of Michigan
Stern MBA – New York University
Tepper MBA – Carnegie Mellon
Yale MBA – Yale University
Top MBA Programs in Europe
ESADE MBA
HEC Paris MBA
IE MBA
IESE MBA
IMD MBA
INSEAD MBA
Judge MBA – Cambridge University
London Business School MBA
Said MBA – University of Oxford
SDA Bocconi MBA
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Schulich MBA – York University
Rotman MBA – University of Toronto
Queen's School of Business
Richard Ivey School of Business
Desautels MBA – McGill University
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MBA Scholarships and Financial Aid
Financial support for top MBA programs comes in two forms: scholarships and loans. Most students fund their studies using a combination of personal or familial savings, income, loans and scholarships.
Generally, most schools – especially the bigger, more prestigious institutes – offer generous scholarships and convenient, affordable loans. In leading programs, the number of students receiving financial aid from the school itself often exceeds 50%. It is important to note that scholarships are not especially prevalent, and one is more likely to be granted one at a business school that is ranked between 20-50 in the U.S. and Europe.
Most programs offer student scholarships. These fall under three categories: need-based scholarships, merit-based scholarships, and fellowships.
Need-based scholarships are dependent on the financial situation of the applicant. These are usually only granted to citizens of the state. These scholarships are relatively rare, but are still a viable option for students who struggle to finance their studies. The criteria for need-based scholarships differ at each institute, but they all take into account income, savings, assets, and sometimes, familial status and its implications.
Merit-based scholarships are granted based on skills and past excellence. These talents and experience are expected to contribute to the program as a whole. These scholarships are generally only announced after an applicant is accepted into the program. From a school's perspective, merit-based scholarships ensure that a promising applicant chooses their program over other options.
These scholarships are granted after a committee reviews several key factors, including work experience, GMAT scores, and grades during B.A. studies. However, most schools work to promote a diverse student body, and will generally choose skilled women or applicants with unique ethnic backgrounds for these scholarships.
It is important to note that as a school is ranked higher, their process for merit-based scholarships becomes more selective and more challenging.
ARINGO clients are offered merit-based scholarships with a combined value of over half a million dollars each year. These have a very wide range, including:
Harvard: $100,000, $90,000, $62,000, $100,000, $64,000, $81,000, $36,000, $40,000
Wharton: $5000, $50,000, $30,000, $60,000, $40,000, $26,000, $26,000, $18,000, $44,000, $18,000, $80,000, $40,000, $50,000, $30,000, $50,000, $25,000, $30,000, $20,000, $20,000, $20,000, $20,000, $10,000, $10,000
Chicago Booth: $204,000, $204,000, $204,000, $204,000, $204,000, $204,000, $204,000, $10,000, $60,000, $170,000, $170,000, $170,000, $170,000, $120,000, $169,000, $169,000, $200,000, $200,000, $200,000, $160,000, $80,000, $40,000, $160,000, $80,000, $60,000, $40,000, $145,000, $140,000, $130,000, $130,000, $130,000, $120,000, $110,000
Stanford: $60,000, $67,000, $20,000, $20,000, $30,000
Columbia: $80,000, $100,000, $63,000, $30,000, $15,000
INSEAD: €15,000, €20,000, €10,000, €15,000, €15,000, €12,000, €10,000, €20,000, €14,000, €18,000, €13,000, €70,000, €60,000, €7,000
Kellogg: $40,000, $120,000, $70,000, $20,000, $70,000, $80,000, $25,000, $70,000, $100,000, $110,000, $100,000, $70,000, $8,000, $22,000, $70,000, $60,000
MIT Sloan: $110,000, $20,000, $25,000, $25,000, $20,000, $20,000, $85,000, $20,000, $20,000, $20,000, $40,000, $160,000, $70,000, $169,000, $100,000, $20,000, $5,000
NYU Stern: $40,000, $28,000, $28,000, $28,000, $28,000, $127,000, $71,000, $10,000, $50,000, $25,000, $45,000, $10,000
Berkeley: $123,000, $123,000, $15,000, $40,000, $40,000, $80,000, $30,000, $45,000
Duke: $40,000, $30,000, $40,000, $35,000, $20,000, $20,000, $10,000, $32,000, $20,000, $29,000, $36,000, $16,000, $35,000, $18,000, $5,000, $21,000
Michigan: $80,000, $20,000, $20,000, $20,000, $10,000, $128,000, $128,000, $20,000, $20,000, $67,000, $40,000, $20,000, $30,000, $30,000, $20,000, $60,000, $10,000, $40,000, $40,000, $12,000, $41,000
Cornell: $75,000, $75,000, $30,000, $20,000, $20,000, $40,000, $14,000, $32,000, $60,000, $50,000, $40,000, $30,000, $12,000, $45,000, $31,000, $30,000, $25,000, $20,000, $10,000, $40,000, $20,000, $35,000
Cornell Tech: $60,000, $60,000, $55,000, $50,000, $75,000, $65,000, $15,000, $15,000
Tuck: $60,000, $60,000, $60,000, $20,000, $20,000, $15,000, $30,000, $20,000, $40,000, $20,000, $10,000
Washington: $175,000, $12,000, $63,000
Babson: $15,000, $19,000, $10,000, $40,000, $65,000
Carnegie Mellon: $25,000, $120,000, $30,000, $20,000, $20,000, $50,000, $30,000, $52,000, $44,000, $80,000, $16,000, $10,000
Darden: $3000, $10,000, $120,000, $63,000, $34,000, $50,000
London Business School: £40,000, £25,000, £20,000, £20,000, £20,000, £20,000, £20,000, £20,000, £20,000, £25,000, £20,000, $18,000, $16,000, $40,000, $19,000
UCLA Anderson: $100,000, $100,000, $50,000, $100,000, $30,000, $40,000, $40,000, $40,000, $30,000, $60,000, $50,000, $40,000, $40,000, $120,000, $50,000, $140,000, $40,000, $70,000, $40,000, $15,000, $60,000, $100,000, $112,000
UNC: $40,000, $30,000, $100,000, $120,000, $100,000, $50,000, $110,000
USC: $80,000, $80,000, $60,000, $120,000, $117,000
Yale: $60,000, $20,000, $80,000, $20,000, $20,000, $123,000, $80,000
Georgetown: $60,000, $80,000
Emory: $70,000, $50,000, $32,000, $18,000, $48,000, $32,000, $40,000
Indiana: $20,000, $90,000, $40,000, $10,000, $7,500
Boston College: $50,000
Northeastern University: $70,000
GWU: $93,000
IE: €15,000, €13,600, €21,300, €14,200, €20,400, €10,000, €6,800, €17,400, €10,000, €7,000
IESE: €30,000, €30,000, €30,000, €30,000, €30,000, €20,000, €20,000, €20,000, €15,000, €10,000, €15,000, €15,000
ESADE: €13,000, €20,000
HEC Paris: €15,000, €33,000, €14,000, €24,000, €12,000, €12,000
Cambridge: £10,000, £10,000, £7,000, £5,000, £5,000
Oxford: £75,000, £30,000, £20,000, £15,000, £100,000, £50,000, £14,000
Rotman: $25,000, $20,000, $25,000, $10,000, $30,000, $10,000, $10,000
Imperial College: $15,000, $15,000
Illinois: $40,000
HKUST: $16,000, $25,000
Rice: $100,000, $58,000, $29,000
BU: $30,000, $30,000
Foster: $15,000, $60,000
Simon: $100,000
Carlson: $30,000
Notre Dame: $60,000, $111,000, $30,000
McGill: $10,000
Ivey: $60,000
Olin: $191,000, $100,000, $190,000, $50,000
Employer Sponsorship
A less-known option for financing an MBA is partial employer sponsorship. This option is usually associated with Executive MBAs, where a business executive continues his or her career while enhancing their knowledge through a business program simultaneously. Company involvement or financial aid generally limits one's options to schools that offer part time schedules and accommodate full-time employees.
There are a number of scholarships designated to women applicants, with the goal of increasing gender equality and diversity in leading MBA programs around the world. These scholarships are offered by both the institutes themselves, as well as external organizations such as:
http://www.fortefoundation.org/site/PageServer?pagename=mba_fellows#.VfEbf_mqqkq
Scholarships offered by schools:
Chicago Booth – http://www.chicagobooth.edu/programs/full-time/admissions/scholarships
Columbia – http://www8.gsb.columbia.edu/programs/mba/financial-aid/scholarships
Kellogg – http://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu/programs/full-time-mba/tuition-financial-aid.aspx
NYU Stern – http://www.stern.nyu.edu/programs-admissions/full-time-mba/financial-aid/scholarships
Berkeley Haas – http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/finaid/MBA/haas-scholarships.html
Scholarships offered by external organizations:
https://prodigyfinance.com/
http://www.iefa.org/
https://www.fastweb.com/registration/step_1/
Rotary International Ambassadorial Scholarships
IDB-Japan Scholarship Program
British Chevening Scholarships
British Marshall Scholarships
MBA Chances Assessment
MBA Application Evaluation
Top Ranked MBA Programs
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Before we set out on our venture to this incredible location, I immediately volunteered to take care of the blog post upon our return. After all, I had no doubt that the theme of the content would almost certainly revolve around the abundant wildlife that inhabits this unique biosphere.
The world-renowned Sand River, that meanders through the Sabi Sands, supports a large diversity of life … and the predators that prey on the many species. I had no doubt that the content found in the viewfinder of my camera would be dominated by rosettes. Londolozi is synonymous with some of the best Leopard sightings found anywhere on Earth.
The theme of my blog was mapped out in my mind long before I arrived. A couple of great images interspersed with some facts and explanations – what could be easier?
Then the real Londolozi experience hit me; I was overcome by the genuine warmth of the people. I stood on the deck overlooking the river and realized that the content of my blog had taken an unexpected twist.
I know that there are many lodges that spend a great deal of time on training their staff to ensure that they get the basics right – greet people with a smile and always say "please" and "thank you". Pretty standard stuff. The Londolozi experience was just so much more genuine and the personal dynamics that they have achieved is inspiring to say the least.
I have always paid special attention to organizational behavioral traits and how this separates good companies from great ones. I am a firm believer that the culture within a company largely determines their overall success. This factor can never be bought and certainly has to be earned.
I knew that Londolozi was a family business, and it was plain to see that this dynamic existed in the attitudes of their people. But there had to be more?
A little later we were taken on a tour of their village and staff facilities. I had my answer.
From the moment I walked through the gates and up Mandela Way (the Great Man officially opened the village and gave it his blessings) to the many facilities that are provided, my love of our wonderful country and the people that inhabit it was magically reignited.
We visited the school facilities and met the two full time teachers that are employed. The children sang for us and their exuberance ensured there was not a dry eye in the room. I watched a visitor from overseas kneel down, and reach her hand out to one of the children, with tears streaming down her face. Was this the real SA that she had read about and that many of her countrymen had "warned her" about?
I met the most inspiring lady, Mo, who runs their adult literacy program. To say she was enthusiastic would be an understatement. The amount of time she expends in teaching basic literacy and computer skills, together with the odd bit of counseling, will warm any doubters heart.
The staff facilities and canteen make living a life in the bush so much more acceptable and comfortable.
They embark on other great initiatives within the local community – hospitality training, training young men in the finer arts of tracking etc. This provides a feeder program for the many lodges in the area and ensures the participant's have a real hope of securing permanent employment.
To the management and staff of Londolozi – take a bow – you should be proud of yourselves. Your contribution to SA is immense.
And yes, we did get many leopard sightings and images!
Well done….what a great blog for people to read about the amazing staff at Londolozi.
Jono, your story brings tears to my eyes – again! I remember being greater by the ladies choir and cried and cried. SA is one my favorite place on the planet and its because of the warmth and kindness of the people but especially, the family of Londolozi. Thank you for your story and photos!


text:
Match Reports >
Junior (C) Footballers In Exciting Championship Draw With Delanys.
posted 26 Jul 2012, 17:07 by Willie Horgan
After a most exciting tussle in Ballinlough on Thursday evening,26th July,2012, the Brian Dillons third choice footballers finished level, 3-7 each, with Delanys second string in the City Division Junior (C) Football Championship.
Similar to what happened when both club"s first choice teams met in the Junior (A) Football Championship on the previous Sunday , a late goal ,again, levelled this game. The only difference on this occasion was that it was the Delanys side who scored the late equaliser.
Considering that Brian Dillons did not enter the Junior (3) Football League this year, and that this was their first game of the season, this was a most creditable performance and they were most unlucky not to emerge as winners. In fact they were leading by 3-7 to 2-7,
as the game entered its final minute.and were in possession of the ball in the Delanys defence. However, a lapse in concentration led to Delanys winning back the ball which they moved quickly up field and ended up in the net for the levelling score.
Brian Dillons opened brightly and after ten minutes play they had raced into a 1-2 to nil lead with the goal coming from full-forward,
Andrew Daly after a great pass from Ciarain Kelleher. Delanys opened their account after eleven minutes when they goaled from the penalty spot and the remainder of the first-half proved to be most exciting . Brian Dillons got their second goal after seventeen minutes when Dave O"
Donoghue netted which helped his team to lead by 2-4 to 1-6 at the interval.
The Brian Dillons lead was increased in the seventh minute of the second-half when Andrew Daly scored his second goal and they looked likely winners mid-way through the half when they had forged into a 3-6 to 1-7 lead. Delanys were awarded a 13 metre free in the 49th minute and,with the Brian Dillons defenders disputing the decision with the referee, the Delanys freetaker took the opportunity to kick the ball into an empty net ,which reduced the Brian Dillons lead to two points.. A Dave O"Donoghue point increased the lead to three points ,in the 52nd minute, and with no further scores as the game entered its final minute,it looked like Brian Dillons had weathered the storm. Then came the late,late Delanys goal which sent the game to a replay,which will be played on next Monday evening,30th July,2012 at the same venue with a 7.15pm throw -in.
Scorers for Brian Dillons were ; Dave O"Donoghue,1-3 (0-1 free); Andrew Daly,2-0;Kevin Varian,0-2; Mark Kelly,0-1; and Adam O" Halloran,0-1;
The Brian Dillons team lined out as follows; (1) Paul McCarthy; (2) Paul Horgan;(3) Sean Kelly; (4) Donal Schek; (5) Eoin Keane;
(6) James Varian; (7) Kevin Varian; (8) Mark Kelly; (9) Adam O"Halloran; (10) David O"Donoghue; (11) Derek Whelan;(12) Damian Horgan;
(13) Alan Whelan;(14) Andrew Daly; (15) Ciarain Kelleher; Sub; Jason Heffernan for Alan Whelan ,injured (40 mins.


Following independence from France in 1956, President Habib BOURGUIBA established a strict one-party state. He dominated the country for 31 years, repressing Islamic fundamentalism and establishing rights for women unmatched by any other Arab nation. In recent years, Tunisia has taken a moderate, non-aligned stance in its foreign relations. Domestically, it has sought to defuse rising pressure for a more open political society.
Tunisia has a diverse economy, with important agricultural, mining, energy, tourism, and manufacturing sectors. Governmental control of economic affairs while still heavy has gradually lessened over the past decade with increasing privatization, simplification of the tax structure, and a prudent approach to debt. Real growth, averaging 5 percent for the latter half of the last decade, slowed to a 15-year low of 1.9% in 2002 because of agricultural drought, slow investment, and lackluster tourism. Better rains in 2003, however, pushed GDP growth up to an estimated 6 percent, and tourism also recovered after the end of combat operations in Iraq. GDP growth is likely to ease to the 5-5.5 percent range in 2004 as the agricultural sector is unlikely to continue to expand as rapidly. Tunisia has agreed to gradually remove barriers to trade with the European Union over the next decade. Broader privatization, further liberalization of the investment code to increase foreign investment, improvements in government efficiency, and reduction of the trade deficit are among the challenges for the future.


Resin modified glass ionomer for the final cementation of porcelain-fused-to-metal, porcelain-fused -to-zirconia, metal based crowns, inlays/onlays, and bridges. Cement is self-adhering and does not require a separate bonding agent. Provides an optimal gel state and tack cure capability to ensure easy, one-peel clean-up.
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Contains: 3 x 5g syringes, 24 mixing tips (regular), technique guide, instructions.


text:
Top Negotiators Back at the Table
By Steven T. Dennis
Posted September 27, 2008 at 2:32pm
Face-to-face negotiations resumed late Saturday afternoon between key House and Senate lawmakers on the $700 billion financial rescue package, with House Republicans saying many issues remained to be ironed out. "There are a lot of issues still on the table," House Minority Leader John Boehner (R-Ohio) said at a press conference before negotiations were set to begin. "It's important that Congress act, and that Congress act as quickly as possible." Boehner said Republicans agreed on the need for legislation to avert a financial crisis but said the goal of Republicans was to protect taxpayers. "We should not be bailing out Wall Street at the expense of American taxpayers," he said. The lead House Republican negotiator, Minority Whip Roy Blunt (Mo.), said, "We're not moving on any kind of artificial timeline, we're moving toward the very best solution in the shortest period of time." Blunt said among the items that Republicans want to keep out of the bill is a provision allowing bankruptcy judges to adjust mortgage terms and a provision directing a portion of future profits to affordable housing. Blunt had earlier said in television interviews that he would like to see a deal by Sunday, because otherwise it would likely be delayed until Thursday or Friday of next week. But House Republican Policy Committee Chairman Thaddeus McCotter (Mich.) sent out a statement Saturday afternoon warning that a "hasty" bailout deal will lead to a GOP "political dead pool in November." "With some Republican leaders of Congress imposing an arbitrary deadline of Sunday at midnight on negotiations, the results could prove disastrous for all Americans," McCotter said. "First, by irresponsibly raising investors' expectations of an agreement, the failure of Congress to reach a deal by such a deadline could spark the very economic meltdown we are trying to stop. Secondly, the irresponsible desire to meet a deadline solely for the sake of meeting a deadline will produce an 'agreement' that does NOT protect taxpayers from this bailout. Thus, the public will be outraged a month before the election; principled House Republicans will view any internal whip count as a political dead pool; and the irresponsible, anti-taxpayer 'agreement' will fail. This avoidable outcome, too, could lead to a catastrophic economic meltdown."


validated concepts were existing in the market as Philips propositions, because internal management audiences proved more difficult to convince to break up their consolidated ways of working and follow up visionary opportunities. This generates another reflection, one of much more practical nature. While literature, philosophy and humanities in general delighted us for centuries with fictional representations of utopias and dystopias to come, it takes a different organizational design approach to activate future visions within corporate organizations. Without concrete implementation as brand strategy programs or innovation projects, an investment in foresight will not generate any return. This because, in foresight as in life, it takes determination in the present, to truly make a better future happen.
He is a researcher/lecturer in International Leisure Management at NHTV University of Applied Sciences on international networks, place branding and design. He earned his PhD on the role of design in generating urban futures at the Graduate School, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Tilburg University. He is the founder of Marco Bevolo Consulting. His portfolio includes projects for selected customers in Europe and Asia, including Philips, Municipality of Eindhoven, LightProjects (Leni Schwendinger), Lighting Design Collective (Madrid) and CitiesNext GmbH (Vienna). Until 2009 he was a Director at Philips Design headquarters in the Netherlands, where he was the driving force behind CultureScan, the cultural futures research program, and city.people.light, the urban futures global program. He works primarily in the areas of strategic design, people research and thought leadership. In his extracurricular capacity, in the period 2010-2016, he has been the Principal of Research Urban Futures for Philips Lighting in Europe, Poland, Czech Republic.


text:
Family Dynamic
Economical space planning is the key to sustainability in a house Toronto architects Dean Goodman and Janna Levitt built for their changing needs.
By: Alex Bozikovic
As new houses grow more bloated by the year, it's easy for architects to imagine smaller and more sustainable alternatives, but it can be tricky to sell clients on the idea that less really is more. So when Dean Goodman and Janna Levitt designed a new home for themselves in downtown Toronto, they decided to make it a prototype for green urban-infill housing, building just what their family would need for the next generation and not a square foot more.
"We did it on our terms," says Levitt, who with her husband is a principal of Levitt Goodman Architects. "Too often plans are driven by marketing. We said, 'We'll have a green roof, and we won't have three bedrooms upstairs. We're prepared to stay here until we die.'" The 2,450-square-foot house, which employs sustainable features such as radiant heating and natural ventilation, is designed to suit them every step of the way. Behind a no-nonsense facade of pine siding and concrete block is a fairly conventional layout for a family of four: a modest bedroom and den upstairs, a spacious corridor of public rooms on the main level, and bedrooms for the couple's teenage sons in the high basement.
They also planned for the building's future: when the kids leave home, Levitt and Goodman will carve their rooms into a basement apartment by closing up a doorway and digging out a stair that's hidden under the front garden. "We're really interested in the idea of flexibility—in a family you need that," Levitt says over a plate of fresh chocolate-chip cookies. "You're one or two people, so you rent some of the house out; then maybe you have kids, and then they move out. It's just thinking about real needs."
With that ethic in mind, the architects didn't squander real estate on grand private spaces: instead they organized the interior to afford luxurious views and light. The den smoothly converts into a guest bedroom with the close of a curtain; and the ten-by-ten-foot master bedroom, set back from the street to make room for the lush green roof, has a panoramic view of the streetscape. "That view is one of my favorite things about the house," Goodman says.
Likewise, on the main floor, glazed walls in the front and back brighten up the house's 55-foot-long stretch of public spaces, from the living area (dominated by a tall lithograph by Louise Bourgeois) facing the street to the dining room overlooking the back garden. The dining area is also the hearth of the home, pulled together by a reclaimed Douglas-fir counter that serves as a kids' desk, kitchen table, and food-prep surface. To make the house hospitable for Goodman's mother, the architects even stashed a tiny powder room into a two-and-a-half-foot-wide area on the ground floor.
All this modesty and economical space planning comes naturally to Levitt and Goodman after two decades of practice focused on the public sector and residential design. But for Levitt it's really a matter of common sense. "You don't need to build a lot of space," she says. "You just need to build good space."
Alex Bozikovic


text:
Цис-–транс- ізомерія, також відома як геометрична ізомерія або конфігураційна ізомерія — це термін, який використовується в органічній хімії, і відноситься до молекул із однаковою молекулярною формулою та послідовністю зв'язків, але з різним за геометрією розташуванням окремих функціональних груп чи частин молекули.

Загальний опис
Префікси «цис-» і «транс-» походять із латини. У хімічному контексті, префікс цис- вказує на те, що функціональні групи знаходяться по одну сторону вуглецевого ланцюга у той час як префікс транс вказує, що функціональні групи знаходяться по різні сторони вуглецевого ланцюга. Цис-транс ізомери — стереоізомери, тобто, це пара молекул, які мають однакові формули, але їхні функціональні групи обернено орієнтовані у тривимірному просторі. Цю ізомерію не слід плутати з E–Z ізомерією, яка є абсолютною у стереохімічному описі, і можуть використовуватися тільки з алкенами. Загалом, стереоізомерні молекули містять або подвійні зв'язки, які запобігають обертанню, або у молекулі можуть бути кільцеві структури, які обмежують, або виключають обертання. Цис- і транс- ізомерія відбувається як в органічних молекулах, так і неорганічних координаційних сполуках. Цис і транс дескриптори не використовуються у випадках конформаційної ізомерії, коли дві геометричних форм легко взаємоперетворюються, наприклад, у відкритому ланцюгу з одинарними зв'язками у структурі; у таких випадках використовується визначники «син» і «анти».

Термін «Геометрична ізомерія» згідно ІЮПАК вважається застарілим синонімом до «цис–транс - ізомерії».

Органічна хімія
Коли замісники, зорієнтовані в одному напрямку, діастереомер називається цис, тоді як замісники орієнтовані в протилежних напрямках, діастереомер називається транс. Як приклад, на якому легко показати цис-транс-ізомерію, може бути невеликий вуглеводень  бут-2-ен.

Ін-ізомер — один з ізомерів біциклічних систем, які мають достатньо довгі містки, що дозволяє екзоциклічним зв'язкам біля голови містка або вільним електронним парам бути спрямованими всередину структури.

Аліциклічні сполуки можуть також підлягати цис-–транс- ізомерії. Як приклад геометричного ізомеру із циклічною структурою, можна розглянути 1,2-дихлорциклогексан:

Порівняння фізичних властивостей
Цис — і транс ізомери часто мають різні фізичні властивості. Відмінності між ізомерами, зазвичай, виникають через відмінності у формі молекули і різний дипольний момент.

Ці відмінності можуть бути дуже незначними, як у випадку температури кипіння прямого ланцюга алкенів, таких як пент-2-єну, яка становить 37 °С для цис — ізомеру і 36 °C у транс — ізомеру. Відмінність між цис- — і транс - ізомерами може бути більшою, якщо присутні полярні зв'язки, як у випадку із 1,2-дихлоретену. У цьому випадку цис- ізомер має температуру кипіння 60.3 °C, в той час як транс — ізомер — 47,5 °С. У випадку цис- ізомеру два полярні дипольні моменти звёязків C-Cl разом забезпечують молекулярний диполь, так що з'являються міжмолекулярні диполь–дипольні взаємодії (або сил Keesom), які додаються до дисперсійне сил і це призводить до підвищення температури кипіння. З іншого боку, у транс — ізомеру цього не відбувається, тому що два дипольні моменти зв'язків  C−Cl нейтралізовуються і молекула має нульовий диполь (але при цьому не нульовий квадруполь).

Два ізомери бутадіонової кислоти мають такі відмінні властивості і реакційну здатність, що їм дали зовсім різні імена. Цис ізомер називається малеїновою кислотою, а транс — ізомер -  фумаровою кислотою. Полярність є ключовим у визначенні відносної точка кипіння, так як це призводить до збільшення міжмолекулярних сил, тим самим підвищуючи температуру кипіння. Таким же чином, симетрія є ключовим у визначенні відносної температури плавлення, так як дозволяє краще пакувати в твердому стані, навіть якщо він не змінює полярність молекули. Одним з прикладів такої взаємодії можна спостерігати на прикладі олеїнової і елаїдинової кислот: олеїнова кислота — цис- ізомер, який має температуру плавлення 13.4 °C, що робить речовину рідкою за кімнатної температури; у той час як транс — ізомер, , має вищу температуру плавлення 43 °С, через те, що молекули транс — ізомерних упакувуються щільніше, і речовина є твердою за кімнатної температури.

Таким чином, транс- алкени, які є менш полярними і більш симетричними, мають нижчі точки кипіння і вищі точки плавлення, а цис- алкени, як правило, більш полярні і менш симетричними, мають вищу точок кипіння і нижчу температура плавлення.

У випадку геометричної ізомерії, яка відбувається за участі подвійних зв'язків, і, зокрема, коли обидва заступника однакові, спостерігаються деякі загальні тенденції. Ці тенденції можна пояснити тим, що диполі замісників у цис — ізомері будуть додаватися, щоб отримати загальний молекулярний диполь. У транс — ізомері диполі замісників будуть взаємокомпенсовуватися у зв'язку із знаходженням на протилежних сторонах молекули. Транс — ізомери, як правило, мають більш низькі густину, ніж їх Цис- аналоги.

Згідно з загальною тенденцією, транс- алкени, як правило, мають вищі точки плавлення і меншу розчинність в інертних розчинниках, так як транс- алкени, загалом, є більш симетричні, ніж цис-алкени.

Віцинальні константи (3Дж,НН), виміряні ЯМР-спектроскопією, більші для транс-ізомерів (у діапазоні 12-18 Гц; типові: 15 Гц), ніж для цис-ізомерів (діапазон: 0-12 Гц; типові: 8 Гц).

Стабільність
Зазвичай для ациклічних систем транс- ізомери більш стійкі, ніж цис- ізомери. Як правило, це пов'язано з підвищеною несприятливістю до стеричних взаємодій замісників у цис- ізомерах. Таким чином, транс- ізомери мають меншу екзотермічну теплоту згоряння, що вказує на вищу термохімічну стабільність. У наборі даних Бенсона про аддитивність групової теплоти формування, цис — ізомери зазнають нестачі  стабільності у 1,10 ккал/моль. Існує виняток до цього правила, наприклад 1,2-дифторетилен, 1,2-дифтордіазен (FN=NF), і кілька інших галоген-, і кисень- заміщених етиленів. У подібних випадках цис- ізомери стабільніші, ніж транс- ізомери. Це явище називається Цис-ефектом.

E/Z Позначення

Як правило, цис–транс система іменування ізомерів алкенів повинна бути використана тільки тоді, коли наявні тільки два різних замісники на подвійному зв'язку, щоб не виникало жодної плутанини відносно того, де які замісники описані відносно один одного. Для більш складних випадків, цис-/транс- позначення, визначаються відносно найдовшого вуглецевого ланцюга, що відображається у кореневому імені молекули (тобто розширення стандартної органічної номенклатури для материнської структури). Стандартні позначення ІЮПАК E–Z є однозначними у всіх випадках, і тому особливо корисні для три- і чотири- заміщених алкенів, щоб уникнути будь-якої плутанини про те, які групи були визначені як цис — або транс- відносно один одного.

Z (від німецького (від ) що означає «разом». Е (від ) означає «проти», у сенсі «навпаки». Тобто, Z  має вищий пріоритет груп цис- один до одної, а Е має вищий пріоритет груп транс- один до одної. Тим не менше, молекулярна конфігурація E або Z визначається правилами пріоритетів Кана — Інгольда — Прелога; більші атомні номери мають вищий пріоритет. Для кожного із двох атомів при подвійному зв'язку, необхідно визначити пріоритет кожного замісника. Якщо обидва пріоритетних замісника знаходяться по одну сторону, вказується Z; якщо на протилежних сторонах, вказується Е.

Оскільки система номенклатури цис-/транс- і Е–Z  відносяться до різних груп у алкенах, то ці позначення не суворо співставлювані, тобто Z не завжди відповідає цис-, а Е — транс-. Наприклад, транс-2-хлорбут-2-ен (дві метильні групи, атомів С1 і С4, які формують ланцюг бут-2-ену знаходяться у транс- положенні один до одного) є (Z)-2-хлорбут-2-еном (визначається від атомів хлору і С4, тому що С1 і С4 розташовані навпроти).

Неорганічна хімія
Цис–транс - ізомерія може також відбуватися у неорганічних сполуки, особливо в диазенах і комплексних сполуках.

Диазени
 (і відповідні з дифозфени) можуть також проявляти цис-/транс- ізомерію. Як і у випадку з органічними сполуками, загалом цис- ізомери більше реакційноздатний, і є єдиним ізомером, який може відновлювати алкенів і алкінів до алканів, але з іншої причини: транс — ізомер не може виставити водні у лінію відповідно до відновлюваного алкена, а цис- ізомер формується у зручне положення для приєднання воднів до ненасиченого зв'язку.

Координатні комплекси
В неорганічних координаційних комплексах з октаедричною або плоскою квадратною геометрією, які також є цис- ізомером, у яких подібні ліганди розташовані ближче один до одного і транс — ізомерів, в якому вони розташовані якнайдалі.

Наприклад, є два ізомери квадратно-планарної Pt(NH3)2Cl2, які це пояснив Альфред Вернер у 1893 році. У цис- ізомера, повна назва якого цис-диамінодихлорплатина(II), у 1969 році , було знайдено протипухлину активність, і зараз це хіміотерапевтичний препарат, відомий під короткою назвою цисплатин. На відміну від попереднього ізомеру, транс — ізомер (трансплатина) не має жодної корисної протипухлинної активності. Кожен ізомер можна синтезувати за допомогою транс-впливу, щоб контролювати, який ізомер утворюється.

Для октаедричних комплексів із формулою МХ4Y2, також є два ізомери. (Тут М — це атом металу, а X і Y — два різні типи лігандів.) У цис- ізомері, два ліганди Y розташовуються впритул один до одного під кутом 90°, як це відповідає  двом атомами хлору, які показані зеленим кольором у молекулі цис-[Co(NH3)4Cl2]+, яка ліворуч. У транс- ізомері, який показано праворуч, два атоми Cl розташовані  навпроти відносно центрального спільного атома Co.

Споріднений тип ізомерії в октаедричних комплексах типу МХ3Y3 наявний у фас-меридіальній (або фас-/мер-) ізомерії, у якій різна кількість лігандів розташовуються у цис- або транс- положеннях відносно один одного. Карбоніли металів можна охарактеризувати як «фас-» або «мер-» з допомогою інфрачерфоної спектроскопії.

Див. також

 E—Z позначки
 Ізомери
 Структурні ізомери
 Транс-жири

Примітки

Посилання
 IUPAC definition of «stereoisomerism»
 IUPAC definition of «geometric isomerism»
 IUPAC definition of «cis–trans isomers»

Джерела
 Глосарій термінів з хімії // Й.Опейда, О.Швайка. Ін-т фізико-органічної хімії та вуглехімії ім. — Л. М. Литвиненка НАН України, Донецький національний університет — Донецьк: «Вебер», 2008. — 758 с. ISBN 978-966-335-206-0

Ізомерія
Стереохімія