South Ville Maelk is one of the best subscription-based post-paid farm fresh bottled cow milk brands available in South Delhi, delivering fresh milk from the farm to your home.
CURRENT SCHEME – On consumption of 30 litres you will receive 1 litre FREE.
So you consume 30 litres but pay only for 29 litres.
Effective rate of 30 litres comes to Rs. 87.96 per litre.
Very tasty milk. I look forward to drinking it every morning.
My son who is 8 years old always complained of stomach pain after consuming milk but South Ville Maelk has changed it all. Now he happily drinks milk without any complaints. It has solved my biggest problem. Thanks to the team. The milk is light to drink, has a nice aroma and is very hygienically packed.
My 9 year old son, Vivaan, wouldn't drink milk. But things changed after he tried South Ville Maelk. He loves it and drinks it straight from the bottle!! Here's what Vivaan has to say about South Ville Maelk "It's yummy and I love it."
South Ville milk is a very high quality product in beautiful packaging. The taste is at par with international standards. It's great to get locally sourced milk and help reduce food miles. Great job, South Ville Maelk team!
The milk tastes fresh all day long which is not the case with other pasteurised milk brands I have been used to so far. Its healthy and attractive glass bottle packaging is different from common unhygienic plastic packaging by other mass brands. It says lot about the quality and taste of the milk supplied by South Ville Maelk.
Our consumers demand and appreciate high-quality. Hence, we decided to pack our superior quality milk in a high-end, superior quality and chic square shaped, thicker walled glass bottle. The bottle is made of glass that is suitable to store milk.
We believe that milk tastes the best when packed in glass bottles, as glass bottles don't transfer foreign scent and taste into the milk and keep milk fresh for longer time.
Our fresh milk is packaged in lead-free, square-shaped and food-grade glass bottles.
The square-shaped bottle is so easy to store and its wider mouth makes pouring convenient.
The thicker walled glass bottle retains freshness and nourishment of milk during its journey from the farm to your home.
You can make your own delivery days and quantity plan online. This way, you can decide specific days when you require milk supply.
There is no need to pay in advance for consuming South Ville Maelk cow milk. You can consume it for a whole month and pay at the end of month.
We don't take any security deposit for delivering milk at your home.


text:
Onset man in wheelchair struck, killed by vehicle
Middleborough man faces motor vehicle homicide charge
Photo by David G. Curran SOURCE: Photo by David G. Curran
A Middleborough man is facing a motor vehicle homicide charge after police say he struck and killed a 24-year-old man in a wheelchair.Watch NewsCenter 5 reportJoshua Macro, of Onset, was pronounced dead at a local hospital after police say he was hit by a vehicle on Onset Avenue near Aunt Hannah's Lane in Wareham. The incident occurred at about 1 a.m. on Saturday, police said.Police said the vehicle was driven by John Vandeusen, 28. He is charged with motor vehicle homicide, negligent operation of a motor vehicle and failure to stay in marked lanes."I've known Josh since he was in grade school," said neighbor Tom Hogan, who said he used to play basketball with Macro. "He's a great kid. I just can't believe something would happen like that."Hogan said Macro, a tattoo artist who loved music, was wheelchair-bound after hitting a tree on a dirt bike."It didn't hold him back that much, he adapted to it," said Ed Ventura, another neighbor.Vandeusen is being held without bail and is set to be arraigned Tuesday in Wareham District Court. The incident is still under investigation.
WAREHAM, Mass. —
A Middleborough man is facing a motor vehicle homicide charge after police say he struck and killed a 24-year-old man in a wheelchair.
Watch NewsCenter 5 report
Joshua Macro, of Onset, was pronounced dead at a local hospital after police say he was hit by a vehicle on Onset Avenue near Aunt Hannah's Lane in Wareham. The incident occurred at about 1 a.m. on Saturday, police said.
Police said the vehicle was driven by John Vandeusen, 28. He is charged with motor vehicle homicide, negligent operation of a motor vehicle and failure to stay in marked lanes.
"I've known Josh since he was in grade school," said neighbor Tom Hogan, who said he used to play basketball with Macro. "He's a great kid. I just can't believe something would happen like that."
Hogan said Macro, a tattoo artist who loved music, was wheelchair-bound after hitting a tree on a dirt bike.
"It didn't hold him back that much, he adapted to it," said Ed Ventura, another neighbor.
Vandeusen is being held without bail and is set to be arraigned Tuesday in Wareham District Court. The incident is still under investigation.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Ridgewood Chocolate
Business of
Health of
Process of
Business of Chocolate
What makes a chocolate "rare"?
by ConstantineJan 30, 2023
Cacao beans are not rare. Cacao is a global commodity that is traded in quantities of 10 metric tons at a time on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange.
Our definition of "rare" is the method of creating a chocolate, not the variety or genetics of the bean.
Chocolate Maker vs. Chocolatier
by constantine oct 28th, 2019
Chocolate makers are as rare as snow leopards. What's even rarest is a chocolate maker roasting a pound at a time, shelling each bean by hand; yielding the entire contents of the cocoa bean.
What is the difference between a chocolate maker and a chocolatier?
A chocolate maker begins with the cacao bean and the chocolatier with rectangular blocks of highly processed chocolate. The chocolate maker: roasts, shells, grinds, then tempers. The chocolatier: melts blocks of chocolate in a melting tank, then transfers to a tempering machine.
A chocolatier cannot tell you where the beans came from, when it was processed, or if there was blending with other ingredients involved.
Chocolate makers create chocolate bars and/or melting discs. Chocolatiers make ganaches, truffles, fancy decorated candies, etc..
Chocolate makers focus on the inside: the chocolate. Chocolatiers focus on the aesthetics of decoration, packaging: the outside.
What's the difference between chocolate and confectioner's chocolate?
Confectionery coating (note: they cannot use the word 'chocolate' unless it has a minimum of 12% chocolate,) uses a vegetable fat (GMO hydrogenated oil) to replace the cocoa butter that is found in genuine unadulterated chocolate.
What's the difference between our hot chocolate disc and hot chocolate powder? Ours is 'real chocolate', has 'real sugar' and is mixed with only hot water. Cocoa powders' ingredients are cleverly written, but do not mention the word 'chocolate' in the ingredients and contains UFO Unidentified Fructose Objects, high fructose corn syrup, and must be mixed with a fatty liquid, otherwise you would choke on the watered powder.
What is the difference between cacao and cocoa?
Cacao is the bean unprocessed on the tree and cocoa when a process takes place.
A Melanger/Conch machine
Two granite rollers rotating on a spinning granite surfaced bowl to create the smoothness we associate with chocolate. The capacity of the bowl ranges from 5 to thousands of pounds.
Sorting the cacao beans
Stones, tying wire, nylon cord, bag fabric, and pulp encrusted beans are among the items we have encountered in the sorting task. We select from the smallest to the largest cacao bean into pound bags, which we store in a larger bin for later use.
We prepare five pounds in a batch.
Each pound is roasted separately in order to observe and control the changes taking place in the roasting. Rubi uses her acute sense of smell to determine the stages in the roasting progress, similar to our experience roasting coffee. The focus toward the end stages of roasting is to determine the degree of shell casing separation off the cocoa nibs. This is critical as it determines the amount of time devoted for the next step in the process.
Shelling the beans
This step is the humans most time consuming, tedious, and rewarding, for the final product taste. It takes one hour to hand-shell one pound of cocoa beans. Rubi spends the next four to five hours shelling the cocoa beans until the wee hours of the morning.
Chocolate manufacturers typically feed the beans into a bean cracker, crushing the shells encasing the beans. The cracked beans are vacuumed to separate the shells, dirt, pulp, and particles of cocoa beans. The remaining large fragments are the only chocolate you will have the pleasure to taste. A lot of the smaller particles end up in the garbage. To recover the entire contents of the cocoa bean, we remove the shells by hand, one by one. A tedious process, but imagine what the taste would be, as the entire beans' content is in the chocolate
bar. No chocolate maker in the world claims this distinction (except To'ak, but their bars are a little more expensive) except us.
Melanger/Conching
In the morning we bring the beans to the store for the next steps. Weighing the cocoa beans to calculate the amount of fibrous cane sugar to be added to the batch. Using a cracking machine to crack the beans. At the same time, heat up the granite based bowl to ease the feeding of the beans into the Melanger. It takes one to three hours to feed the beans and then the sugar into the vessel, which depends on the ambient temperature. After six or seven hours, the liqueur is smooth as thick honey.
By this time Rubi arrives to transfer the liqueur into the tempering machine. This step takes a half-hour, scooping and scraping each fragment of thick liqueur into the tempering bowl.
The chocolate industry would have you believe that multiple days are required to bring out the true taste of the chocolate. Not true. Chocolate aromas are developed in the fermentation stage, not the conching stage.
Here's what you taste as a result of over-processing: wax, sweet, then chocolate; ending
with sweet. Catering to the sugarholic – mission accomplished.
This machine heats up the liqueur to 108 degrees, then lowers the temperature to 87.7 degrees. This procedure lines up the crystals in the chocolate to form a strong body, which prevents the penetration of moisture. When it is "in temper" the chocolate bar will have a distinct snap when you break it. If you ever experienced a bending and not a snap, it means moisture is in your chocolate and is not safe to eat. This step takes about an hour, depending on the ambient temperature and humidity inside and outside the store.
Inclusions are prepared by roasting nuts, seeds, berries, and roots, encapsulating the product with caramelized sugar.
At this point Rubi begins to scoop the liqueur into the molds with or without inclusions. Acetate sheets are placed on the mold trays, then placed into a cooling enclosure to cool down and solidify for the next day.
Mold Detachment
The next day Rubi pops the chocolate out of the molds. She trims the overflow on each mold from the tray, then scores the 3 oz breakaway molds with a knife, then splits them into 1 oz bars. She then hand wraps each bar with a triple fold of aluminum foil paper to prevent little critters laying their eggs inside. Then folding the ends of the foil at an angle and creating a folded endcap, which will be used to join the other end into an opposing clasp. She uses glue to enjoin the endcaps to prevent tampering. She then wraps and glues the outer label to the foil.
Finally, she places the bars in display cases for sale. Any extra chocolate is saved and sent to the Philippines to be enjoyed by her relatives.
Adding all the time spent amounts to 17 hours over the next two days.
Chocolate Makers in the World?
by constantinenov 18, 2022
How many...
Flavors of Cacao
...in the world 89 N/A
.. in the United States 22 337 (24 closed)
.. in New York State 1 19
.. in New York City 1 12
.. in Queens 0 1 Us
Chocolate Transparency
by constantineoct 13, 2022
We had to consider the basis of what 'big chocolate' claims to be excellent quality: twenty microns. Then, the marketing departments of ' big chocolate' convince you to consider the smoothness of the chocolate as the only measure.
Finally, they seduce you with words like luxurious, smooth, silky, velvety, sensuous, and exotic, encouraging you to be gluttonous.
Yet, throughout your experience, every purchase of chocolate ends in disappointment with the enduring (goo) issue of the aftertaste.
The Chocolate Business
by constantinejan 5, 2022
There is a concerted effort in the chocolate manufacturing business to shut out small-batch, storefront-style businesses. Perhaps we can create a sustainable project with your support. The controversy is in the oxidation/crushing/conching stage. Notice all the definitions of the process of oxidation? Again, it's to confuse your understanding of what takes place: erasing the aroma and taste.
What is Conching?
Conching refers to smoothening cocoa beans and sugar. Wikipedia defines it as 78 hours of conching, which yields high quality, and 6 hours to lower quality chocolate. Deception by omission. How many pounds were in the batches? Wikipedia does not disclose this crucial fact but instead says: "manufacturers keep the details of their conching process propriety" to end the discussion. Conching is a fancy word for crushing or shear: a flattening of a three-dimensional body to achieve smoothness. Oxidation is happening scientifically: Continuously breaking up cocoa particles Exposing the innards to air Releasing its aroma molecules in exchange for moisture molecules. The more surface area of the cocoa exposed to the air, the more oxidation occurs. As a result, the health-related benefits get destroyed at the conching stage.
How many pounds are in a batch?
Wikipedia omits the batch size. We researched who made the first conch machine. Unfortunately, the specifications did not indicate the batch size. However, we found an article in The New Yorker about the author's visit to the chocolate factory in Hershey, PA. In an interview with Bill Wagner, who for 45 years was in charge of conching. 'He lays some chocolate on the tip of his tongue and presses it upward. The statement that sends 90,000 pounds on its way to being eaten is always the same. Wagner's cheeks blossom, saying, "That's Hershey's." '
The batch size is 90,000 pounds.
The conspiracy by omission. What is it? Comparing 78 hours and 6 hours in the conching process without disclosing the batch size is deception. Purposely to discourage people from starting a chocolate business, as it did for us more than ten years ago. When we learned about the 35 to 78 hours devoted per batch, we just gave up on starting a bean-to-bar chocolate business.
The most expensive chocolates in the world
by constantine oct 22nd, 2019
10. La Madeline au Truffle by house of Knipschildt
Made with 70% Valrhona dark chocolate, [melting chocolate] heavy cream, sugar, rare truffle [mushroom] from France, truffle oil and vanilla, a ganache [whipped filling of chocolate and cream].
RC: For $250, you get chocolate in a bed of pearls in a silver box tied with a ribbon.
9. To'ak Chocolate Bar
To'ak chocolate is a 50 gram [2 oz] chocolate bar that costs $360 per bar. The process of chocolate making starts with roasting cacao beans in a pot over wood fire, and [hand-shelling] the beans one by one. The chocolate bar is presented is handcrafted box made from Spanish Elm wood.
8. DeLafée's Gold Chocolate Box With Swiss Gold Coin
Delafee's gold chocolate box contains 8 chocolate adorned with 24 karat edible gold. For $390, you also get an antique gold coin, dating from the years 1910 to 1920. The chocolates are presented in a dark brown, satin covered gift box.
7. Debauve & Gallais Le livre
Debauva and Gallais, founded by Sulpice Debauve in 1800, is a French chocolate manufacturer. In 2000, they introduced 'Le Liver' to commemorate Debauve & Galais 200th anniversary. Le Liver is a gold adorned leather box in the shape of a box filled with 35 handmade creamy ganaches and pralines [$550].
6. Noka's Vintage Collection
This box of chocolates comes with the price tag of $854. The chocolates are presented in an elegantly crafted brushed stainless steel box.
RC: They got caught cheating claiming bean to bar, while melting blocks of chocolate.
5. Wispa Gold Wrapped Chocolate
Would you pay $1,600 for a Cadbury chocolate bar? In hopes to promote the re-launch Wispa chocolate bar, they created one of the world's most expensive chocolate bar. The wrapper of this bar of chocolate is covered in an actual gold leaf, which is the cause for this insanely high price.
4. Swarovski Studded Chocolates
Priced at $10,000, a Lebanese chocolatier and Harrods have tied up to bring out Swarovski studded chocolates. The premium packagings are handmade and wrapped in Indian silk. In each package, 49 chocolates are placed on suede leather with gold and platinum partitions. The stunning box is made out of hand woven silk from China and India. Each chocolate is dressed up with Swarovski crystals, gold and silk rose to enhance the look of the chocolates.
3. The Golden Speckled Egg
The 110 pound chocolate egg holds the world record for the most expensive at $10,000 non jeweled chocolate egg. This chocolate masterpiece took seven skilled chocolatiers over the course of three days to handcraft. It's made of Amadei chocolate from Venezuela and filled with caramel, juniper berry, rosemary, Japanese black vinegar and edible gold leaf. The egg was decorated with 12 little chocolate eggs, 20 mini chocolate bars and 5 white flowers. It weighted over 110.23 lbs and was 3 ft 6.13 inches tall.
2. Frrrozen Haute Chocolate
The staff at the Serendipity 3 restaurant set Guinness World Record with their $25,000 chocolate dessert. The dessert is a high end version of the restaurant's Frrrozen Hot Chocolate. The dessert is a mix of cocoas and milk in a slushy like form. The high price is due to the 24 Karat gold that is mixed in it and the 'La Madeleine Au Truffe' that tops this extravagant dessert.
It's made with a blend of 28 cocoas that includes 14 of the most exotic from around the world.
1. Le Chocolat Box
Le chocolat box is considered to be the most expensive chocolates in the world to ever exist. Costing $1.5 millions, this box of chocolate does not only includes chocolates, but also necklaces, earrings, rings and bracelets adorned with diamonds, sapphires and emeralds.
sales@RidgewoodChocolate.com
6002 Catalpa Avenue
Ridgewood, NY 11385
Constantine & Co Inc © 2022 Tel: 718-219-1687


text:
Bad for Bibi
Israeli police recommended the prosecution of Binyamin Netanyahu, Israel's prime minister, on charges of breach of trust in connection with the aborted appointment in January of an attorney-general. The state prosecutor will decide whether he should be charged.
More than 340 Muslim pilgrims, mostly from the Indian sub-continent, were killed when a fire broke out in their camp near Mecca.
Iranians demonstratedagainst a German court's verdict that found their leaders guilty of ordering the murder of Kurdish dissidents. Some 3,000 veterans of the war with Iraq, disabled by chemical gas, called for justice against German firms that sold it to Iraq.
The Zairean capital, Kinshasa, was brought to a halt by a general strike as rebels advanced towards it. A government spokesman said President Mobutu would meet Laurent Kabila, the rebel leader, but Mr Kabila said there would be no ceasefire.
After a peace agreement between the government and Unita rebels, a government of national unity in Angola was ceremonially sworn in after more than 30 years of war.
Three apparently random grenadeattacks in Addis Ababa killed one Ethiopian and wounded more than 70 people, including six foreigners. No one claimed responsibility.
The usual diatribe
China accused Martin Lee of trying to incite foreigners "to meddle in Hong Kong affairs", as the leader of the territory's Democratic Party arrived in Washington to meet President Clinton. Britain agreed to allow a party of Chinese soldiers to enter Hong Kong in advance of the handover to China.
The Japanese parliament passed a bill extending leases on land used for American military bases on the island of Okinawa. The government can now override local opposition on the subject.
The day after America announced another $15m in emergency food aid for North Korea, North Korean officials met in New York with South Korean and American diplomats for talks about peace talks. The North Korean leader Kim Jong Il appointed 122 new generals in a move to shore up his power.
Douglas Peterson, who was taken prisoner in the Vietnam war after being shot down in a bombing raid, became the first American ambassador to Hanoi.
For the first time in 48 years, China and Taiwan agreed to allow direct shipping links. The first two F-16 fighters from an order of 150 were delivered to Taiwan, the first American advanced military aircraft to be delivered to the country since 1982.
For the seventh successive year a western attempt to censure China for its human-rights record was defeated at the UN Human Rights Commission in Geneva.
Troops in
More than 1,000 troops, mostly from Italy, France and Spain, arrived in Albania to help distribute aid. Within three weeks, the humanitarian force, drawn from at least eight European countries, should number 6,000 and will stay for at least three months—with luck, until a new government takes shape after a general election due in June. But Franz Vranitzky, a former Austrian chancellor, who heads an international team to oversee the poll, cast doubt on its timetable.
Russia's president, Boris Yeltsin, went to Germany to talk to Chancellor Kohl about NATO's planned eastward expansion, which Russia dislikes, and German-owned art captured by Russia in the second world war, which Germany wants back.
A parliamentary commission set up last year in Belgiumafter a paedophile and murder scandal called for a drastic reform of the country's police, who—according to its report—have been mired in factional strife while showing "scant respect for justice".
In the run-up to Britain's general election, two of John Major's junior ministers broke ranks with party policy by announcing their opposition to Britain joining a European single currency. John Major failed to sack them: another sign of his weakness, claimed Labour.
Local elections meant to help Croatia regain its Serb-occupied eastern territory, Eastern Slavonia, which abuts Serbia proper, were mismanaged. Elsewhere in Croatia, the opposition seemed to be running close to the ruling party of the president, Franjo Tudjman, amid mutual recriminations of cheating.
Murky waters
James McDougal, a business partner of President Clinton and his wife in the Whitewater development, was
sentenced to three years in prison for fraud and conspiracy. His sentence had been
reduced in exchange for his co-operation with the Whitewater special prosecutor, Kenneth Starr. Of Mr Clinton, Mr McDougal said: "I just got sick and tired of lying for the fellow."
After an 18-month investigation, the Justice Department reported that the FBI's crime laboratory was riddled with flawed scientific practices that might have tainted dozens of criminal trials, including the Oklahoma City bombing case.
Tiger Woods, a 21-year-old black, became the youngest player ever to win the Masters golf tournament in Augusta. He also broke the all-time scoring record and established the largest margin of victory this century in a major tournament, 12 shots.


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text:
Патогене́з (від  — страждання, хвороба і  — походження, виникнення) — механізми виникнення і розвитку хвороби і окремих її проявів на різних рівнях організму — від молекулярних порушень до змін в органах і системах; розділ патології, що трактує питання патогенезу.

У той час як етіологія трактує питання, що стосуються причин і умов виникнення хвороби, патогенез включає в себе все, що відбувається після дії причини. Іноді причина, здійснивши свій вплив, зникає (травма, опік, радіація). Тоді чітко видно відмінність між етіологією і патогенезом у тимчасовому аспекті: спочатку етіологія, потім патогенез, спочатку "чому", а потім "як, яким чином". Найчастіше причина продовжує свою дію в процесі розвитку хвороби. Це особливо характерне для інфекційних захворювань.

При більшості хвороб існує багато механізмів патогенезу. Наприклад, деякі види раку виникають через послаблення імунної системи (пухлини шкіри і лімфоми після трансплантації — яка вимагає імуносупресії). При багатьох хворобах також часто неспецифічні реакції, тобто незалежні від природи хвороби. Відносно постійні неспецифічні реакції (підвищення температури тіла, посилення утворення гормонів кори надниркових залоз та ін.) сформувалися в процесі еволюції у відповідь на дію різних шкідливих чинників.

Лікування, яке проводять згідно засад патогенезу, називають патогенетичним або патогенетичною терапією.

Джерела
 Патологическая физиология [Учебник для студентов мед. вузов]. — Н. Н. Зайко, Ю. В. Быць, А. В. Атаман и др. К.: "Логос", 1996.

Посилання
 ПАТОГЕНЕЗ

Патологічна фізіологія
Захворювання та розлади

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Solanki MS
Banwari G
Irrational fixed dose combinations of psychotropic drugs in India: Cause of concern
Madhusudan Singh Solanki1, Girish Banwari2
1 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Saket City Hospital, New Delhi, India
2 Neuron Psychological Care Center, Abu Dhabi, UAE
Date of Web Publication 13-Jul-2016
Girish Banwari
Neuron Psychological Care Center, Abu Dhabi
Solanki MS, Banwari G. Irrational fixed dose combinations of psychotropic drugs in India: Cause of concern. Indian J Pharmacol 2016;48:468-9
Solanki MS, Banwari G. Irrational fixed dose combinations of psychotropic drugs in India: Cause of concern. Indian J Pharmacol [serial online] 2016 [cited 2022 Jan 28];48:468-9. Available from: https://www.ijp-online.com/text.asp?2016/48/4/468/186192
The Standing Parliamentary Committee that investigated the functioning of Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) noted that the regulatory body "had skewed priorities, according primacy to the propagation and facilitation of the drugs industry, due to which, the interest of the biggest stakeholder, i.e. the consumer has never been ensured."[1] The report discussed CDSCO's inability to produce any information related to the regulatory process that led to the approval of Deanxit (fixed-dose combination [FDC] of flupenthixol and melitracen), which curiously is prohibited for sale and use in Denmark, its country of origin. The report remarked that the approval to import and market Deanxit was in clear violation of the existing laws.
Doctors also share the blame for being prolific prescribers of irrational combinations, due to lack of knowledge and/or in the lure of incentives offered by pharmaceutical companies. An evaluation of 100 resident doctors revealed that 81% lacked knowledge about the rationality of given FDCs and only 43% were able to mention a single banned FDC in India.[2] A study from Mumbai highlighted the nexus between pharmaceutical companies, medical representatives, chemists and doctors to make profits at the expense of consumers and the public's health.[3]
A gazette notification from the Government of India dated March 10, 2016 prohibiting manufacture, sale, and distribution of about 344 FDCs is a step in the right direction.[4] However, most of the irrational/unapproved antidepressant/benzodiazepine and antipsychotic/anticholinergic FDCs have been left out of the list. [Table 1] displays the psychotropic FDCs included in the list of banned combinations.
Table 1: Psychiatric formulations included in the list of banned fixed-dose combinations
A recent empirical research analyzing CDSCO approval status and sales volumes of oral FDCs came out with some dark findings.[5] Nearly, 81% of the marketed antidepressant/benzodiazepine FDCs and 70% of the antipsychotic formulations were unapproved. Proportions of sales volumes arising from unapproved formulations were 69% from antidepressants/benzodiazepines and 43% from antipsychotics; way ahead of parallel figures of 28% for NSAIDs and 0.4% for metformin-containing unapproved FDC formulations. Over 53% of antipsychotic FDC sales came from formulations including drugs banned/restricted internationally.
The promotion of antidepressant/benzodiazepine FDCs by pharmaceutical companies in India is often targeted at general/specialist physicians and neurologists to achieve greater sales. It is not uncommon to find patients turning up to psychiatrists being dependent on one of these FDCs being prescribed by non-psychiatrists, perpetuating iatrogenic benzodiazepine dependence, and abuse. A study investigating benzodiazepine prescription patterns in the United States reported that <10% of individuals using benzodiazepines have their prescriptions written by a psychiatrist.[6] Most guidelines restrict the use of benzodiazepines beyond 4 weeks for their dependence and abuse liability and potential to cause psychomotor and cognitive impairment. Long-term benzodiazepine use causes impairment in cognition across multiple domains,[7] with only partial recovery of cognitive function following withdrawal.[8]
Most available irrational antipsychotic FDCs (70%) contain a combination of trihexyphenidyl with risperidone, trifluoperazine, haloperidol, chlorpromazine, or thioridazine.[5] Apparently, the basis of this combination is to prevent the extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotic medications. None of these FDCs has CDSCO approval, yet there are widely marketed and prescribed. Extrapyramidal side effects susceptibility differs from person to person, and all patients do not invariably require trihexyphenidyl as a preventive measure. The antipsychotic-anticholinergic combination does not allow a need-based dose titration of trihexyphenidyl, also incurring additional peripheral and central anticholinergic side effects for the patient. Long-term use may cause cognitive impairment and worsening of tardive dyskinesia.[9],[10] The FDC containing chlorpromazine and trifluoperazine carries the risk of additive central nervous system toxicity and cardiac arrhythmia, without any logical reason or theoretical benefit of combing two drugs from the same class.
McGettigan et al. recommend policy level changes to deal with the menace.[5] Regulatory authorities should tender an immediate ban on the production and sales of unapproved FDCs, with a staged withdrawal from the market. Stringent measures need to be taken against pharmaceutical companies marketing and selling unapproved psychotropic FDCs. Accountability of regulatory decisions should be improved, and new drug approval processes need to be transparent and open to public access and scrutiny.
Psychiatric/nonpsychiatric doctors should use their clinical judgment and available evidence base for prescription decisions rather than falling trap to marketing gimmicks of pharmaceutical companies. Medical education and curriculum should sensitize doctors toward the practice of rational prescribing. Practitioners should totally refrain from prescribing antidepressant/benzodiazepine FDCs. There is no justifiable rationale for combining antidepressants with benzodiazepines. If the need to co-prescribe is deemed necessary by a clinician, both the drugs may be prescribed separately as antidepressant use may continue for a longer period while benzodiazepines may be tapered off completely in 4–6 weeks. Likewise, trihexyphenidyl may be separately prescribed in appropriate (rather than predetermined) doses alongside antipsychotics for persons that develop or have greater proneness for extrapyramidal side effects.
Department-Related Standing Committee on Health and Family Welfare (2012 May) 59th Report on the Functioning of the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO). New Delhi: Parliament of India; 2012. Available from: http://www. 164.100.47.5/newcommittee/reports/englishcommittees/committee%20on%20health%20and%20family%20welfare/59.pdf. [Last accessed on 2016 Mar 15].
Goswami N, Gandhi A, Patel P, Dikshit R. An evaluation of knowledge, attitude and practices about prescribing fixed dose combinations among resident doctors. Perspect Clin Res 2013;4:130-5.
Roy N, Madhiwalla N, Pai SA. Drug promotional practices in Mumbai: A qualitative study. Indian J Med Ethics 2007;4:57-61.
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India Notification Dated 10 March, 2016, New Delhi; 2016. Available from: . [Last accessed on 2016 Mar 18].
McGettigan P, Roderick P, Mahajan R, Kadam A, Pollock AM. Use of fixed dose combination (FDC) drugs in India: Central regulatory approval and sales of FDCs containing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), metformin, or psychotropic drugs. PLoS Med 2015;12:e1001826.
Olfson M, King M, Schoenbaum M. Benzodiazepine use in the United States. JAMA Psychiatry 2015;72:136-42.
Barker MJ, Greenwood KM, Jackson M, Crowe SF. Cognitive effects of long-term benzodiazepine use: A meta-analysis. CNS Drugs 2004;18:37-48.
Barker MJ, Greenwood KM, Jackson M, Crowe SF. Persistence of cognitive effects after withdrawal from long-term benzodiazepine use: A meta-analysis. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2004;19:437-54.
Desmarais JE, Beauclair L, Margolese HC. Anticholinergics in the era of atypical antipsychotics: Short-term or long-term treatment? J Psychopharmacol 2012;26:1167-74.
Ogino S, Miyamoto S, Miyake N, Yamaguchi N. Benefits and limits of anticholinergic use in schizophrenia: Focusing on its effect on cognitive function. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2014;68:37-49.
1 Analysis of the prescription pattern of psychotropics in an outpatient department of a general hospital psychiatry unit
A. Tejus, S.K. Saxena, A.K. Dwivedi, Md Fadil Salmani, Sapna Pradhan
Medical Journal Armed Forces India. 2020;
2 Trends in Antidepressant Use and Expenditure in Six Major Cities in China From 2013 to 2018
Zhenwei Yu, Jianying Zhang, Ying Zheng, Lingyan Yu
Frontiers in Psychiatry. 2020; 11


Human examiners and face recognition systems rely on high quality skin tone presentation. In order to achieve good sample fidelity there shall be no saturation (over- or underexposure) on the skin tone patches of the measurement target. All RGB channels of the image should have at least 7 bits of intensity variation (span a range of at least 128 unique values) in the the test target patch region of the image. This is requiret to get as near to the CIELAB L*a*b* colour space L* level 50, which in turn ensures the wide sRGB gamut availability for the analysis.
While taking pictures of the colour test target and with the calibrated system white balance settings shall be properly set in order to achieve high fidelity skin tones. This is necessary as the digital camera software is preprocessing the internal raw image format and may distort the image colour when JPEG is used for image analysis source format.
According to visible reflectance spectroscopy of human skin when CIELAB L*a*b* colour analysis is used for in vivo ethnic skin characterization is within 5-14 for a* and within 10-24 for b*.
CIE Chroma (a*b*) luminance (L*) levels 50 and 75 show the sRGB gamut compared to the entire a*b* area. Human skin, hair and iris tones are shown with dark rectangles near the neutral point (0,0).
The IEC 61966-8, ANSI IT8.7/2 or similar ISO 12641-1:2016 test chart or other compatible and well documented colour test chart containing skin colour patches should be used to measure noise, colour accuracy, and dynamic range (indirect method).
In order to assure the required image quality system installers shall make quality assurance measurements of light conditions and camera system response when a recommended CIE Standard Illuminant D65 high quality illuminant or similar continuous spectrum daylight illuminant (4500-6000K) and camera including camera control software are used to take pictures. In practice it is also required to reduce the ambient light pollution emanating from uncontrolled daylight sources, fluorescent or similar light sources and reflections from surfaces.
The measurement target colour patch measurement values are transformed from sRGB to CIE XYZ and from XYZ to CIELAB L*a*b* as defined in Coordinate calculation. After calculating the a* and b* coordinates in the CIE 1976 L*a*b* (CIELAB) colour space the Euclidean delta chroma colour difference values are calculated based on these coordinates.
Guiart develops methods and software used to create, transmit and manage biometrics, digital imaging material, accompanying text and data records.
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DID MEXICO REACH A TURNING POINT IN THE DRUG WAR?
February 17, 2012 by Jessica Marie Gutierrez 1 Comment
Meth in Mexico: A Turning Point in the Drug War?
photo by cbs/associated press
The Largest Seizure of Methamphetamine in Mexican History
Mexican authorities announced Feb. 8 the largest seizure of methamphetamine in Mexican history — and possibly the largest ever anywhere — on a ranch outside of Guadalajara. The total haul was 15 tons of pure methamphetamine along with a laboratory capable of producing all the methamphetamine seized. While authorities are not linking the methamphetamine to any specific criminal group, Guadalajara is a known stronghold of the Sinaloa Federation, and previous seizures there have been connected to the group.
photo by Bruno Gonzalez from the Associated Press - A soldier stands in a room full of barrels containing white and yellow powder Thursday after the seizure of a small ranch in Tlajomulco de Zuniga, on the outskirts of Guadalajara, Mexico. According to the Mexican army, 15 tons of pure methamphetamine were seized at the ranch, an amount equivalent to half of all meth seizures worldwide in 2009.
Methamphetamine, a synthetic drug manufactured in personal labs for decades, is nothing new in Mexico or the United States. The U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) has led numerous crusades against the drug, increasing regulations on its ingredients to try to keep it from gaining a foothold in the United States. While the DEA's efforts have succeeded in limiting production of the drug in the United States, consumption has risen steadily over the past two decades. The increasing DEA pressure on U.S. suppliers and the growing demand for methamphetamine have driven large-scale production of the drug outside the borders of the United States. Given Mexico's proximity and the pervasiveness of organized criminal elements seeking new markets, it makes sense that methamphetamine would be produced on an industrial scale there. Indeed, Mexico has provided an environment for a scale of production far greater than anything ever seen in the United States.
Cocaine trail ... a soldier stands guard as seized cocaine is burnt in Matamoros, Mexico. Photo: Gerardo Magallon
Authorities believe one of the world's most powerful and notorious Mexican drug cartels, the Sinaloa, has infiltrated Australia. Read more: http://www.smh.com.au/national/mexicos-most-wanted-man-taking-over-cocaine-trade-20100914-15azd.html#ixzz1mbdaIp9M
But last week's methamphetamine seizure sheds light on a deeper shift in organized criminal activity in Mexico — one that could mark a breakthrough in the violent stalemate that has existed between the Sinaloa Federation, Los Zetas and the government for the past five years and has led to an estimated 50,000 deaths. It also reveals a pattern in North American organized crime activity that can be seen throughout the 20th century as well as a business opportunity that could transform criminal groups in Mexico from the drug trafficking intermediaries they are today to controllers of an independent and profitable illicit market.
Dark yellow is where Zetas control light yellow portion is disputed territory photo from wikipedia
While the trafficking groups in Mexico are commonly called "cartels," they are not really cartels. A cartel is a combination of groups cooperating to control the supply of a commodity. The primary purpose of a cartel is to set the price of a commodity so that buyers cannot negotiate lower prices. The current conflict in Mexico over cocaine and marijuana smuggling routes shows that there are deep rifts between rival groups like the Sinaloa Federation and Los Zetas. There is no sign that they are cooperating with each other to set the price of cocaine or marijuana. Also, since most of the Mexican criminal groups are involved in a diverse array of criminal activities, their interests go beyond drug trafficking. They are perhaps most accurately described as "transnational criminal organizations" (TCOs), the label currently favored by the DEA.
Examples from the Past
photo from Hub Pages - FARC girl with gun
While the level of violence in Mexico right now is unprecedented, it is important to remember that the Mexican TCOs are businesses. They do use violence in conducting business, but their top priority is to make profits, not kill people. The history of organized crime shows many examples of groups engaging in violence to control an illegal product. During the early 20th century in North America, to take advantage of Prohibition in the United States, organized criminal empires were built around the bootlegging industry. After the repeal of Prohibition, gambling and casinos became the hot market. Control over Las Vegas and other major gambling hubs was a business both dangerous and profitable. Control over the U.S. heroin market was consolidated and then dismantled during the 1960s and 1970s. Then came cocaine and the rise in power, wealth and violence of Colombian groups like the Medellin and Cali cartels.
photo by vegasondemand.com
But as U.S. and Colombian law enforcement cracked down on the Colombian cartels — interdicting them in Colombia and closing down their Caribbean smuggling corridors — Colombian producers had to turn to the Mexicans to traffic cocaine through Mexico to the United States. To this day, however, Colombian criminal groups descended from the Medellin and Cali cartels control the cultivation and production of cocaine in South America, while Mexican groups increasingly oversee the trafficking of the drug to the United States, Europe and Africa.
The Mexican Weakness
While violence has been used in the past to eliminate or coerce competitors and physically take control of an illegal market, it has not proved to be a solution in recent years for Mexican TCOs. The Medellin cartel became infamous for attacking Colombian state officials and competitors who tried to weaken its grasp over the cocaine market. Going back further, Benjamin "Bugsy" Siegel is thought to have been murdered over disagreements about his handling of the Flamingo Hotel in Las Vegas.
The Flamingo Hotel, Las Vegas, 1946. It was Siegel's last big project. When the hotel-casino failed to bring an immediate profit, it was the end for Bugsy.
Before that, Prohibition saw numerous murders over control of liquor shipments and territory. In Mexico, we are seeing an escalating level of such violence, but few of the business resolutions that would be expected to come about as a result. Geography helps explain this. In Mexico, the Sierra Madre mountain range splits the east coast and the west from the center. The Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean coastal plains tend to develop their own power bases separate from each other.
Mexican drug traffickers are also split by market forces. With Colombian criminal groups still largely controlling the production of cocaine in jungle laboratories, Mexican traffickers are essentially middlemen. They must run the gauntlet of U.S.-led international interdiction efforts by using a combination of Central American traffickers, corruption and street-gang enforcers. They also have to move the cocaine across the U.S. border, where it gets distributed by hundreds of street gangs.
Profit is the primary motivation at every step, and each hurdle the Mexican traffickers have to clear cuts into their profit margins. The cocaine producers in Colombia, Peru and Bolivia can play the Sinaloa Federation and Los Zetas (as well as others) off of each other to strengthen their own bargaining position. And even though keeping the traffickers split appears to create massive amounts of violence in Mexico, it benefits the politicians and officials there, who can leverage at least the presence of a competitor for better bribes and payoffs.
Sinaloa cartel in dark yellow light yellow is disputed territory photo from wikipedia
For Mexican drug traffickers, competition is bad for the bottom line, since it allows other actors to exploit each side to get a larger share of the market. Essentially, everyone else in the cocaine market benefits by keeping the traffickers split. The more actors involved in cocaine trafficking, the harder it is to control it.
Historically, organized criminal groups have relied on control of a market for their source of wealth and power. But the current situation in Mexico, and the cocaine trade in general, prevents the Mexican groups (or anyone) from controlling the market outright. As long as geography and market forces keep the traffickers split, all sides in Mexico will try to use violence to get more control over territory and market access.
Mexican federal police lead suspected members of the 'Familia Michoacana' drug cartel to a news conference at the federal police center in Mexico City Photo: REUTERS
Mexican criminal organizations can overcome their weakness in the cocaine market by investing the money they have earned (billions of dollars, according to the most conservative estimates) into the control of other markets. Ultimately, cocaine is impossible for the Mexicans to control because the coca plant can only grow in sufficient quantity in the foothills of the Andes. It would be prohibitively expensive for the Mexicans to take over control of coca cultivation and cocaine production there. Mexican criminal organizations are increasing their presence in the heroin market, but while they can grow poppies in Mexico and produce black-tar heroin, Afghanistan still controls a dominant share of the white heroin market — around 90 percent.
In 2009, shark carcasses were stuffed with 894 kilograms of cocaine. A month later, Costa Rican authorities also seized another 419 kilos of cocaine from a fisherman, who carried the drug in refrigerated truck, hidden beneath the layers of red snapper and shark.
What Mexicans can control is the methamphetamine market. What we are seeing in Mexico right now — unprecedented amounts of the seized drug — is reminiscent of what we saw over the past century in the infancy of the illegal liquor, gambling, heroin and cocaine markets: an organized criminal group industrializing production in or control of a loosely organized industry and using that control to set prices and increase its power. Again, while illegal methamphetamine has been produced in the United States for decades, regulatory pressure and law enforcement efforts have kept it at a small scale; seizures are typically measured in pounds or kilograms and producers are on the run.
Display of methamphetamine seized in Project Coronado: Source: DEA
Mexican producers have also been in the market for a long time, but over the past year we have seen seizures go from being measured in kilograms to being measured in metric tons. In other words, we are seeing evidence that methamphetamine production has increased several orders of magnitude and is fast becoming an industrialized process.
Credit: Photo courtesy Customs & Border Protection.
Customs and Border Patrol officials find 25 pounds of methamphetamine smuggled from Mexico in a Mercedes tire in February, 2010.
In addition to the 15 tons seized last week, we saw a record seizure of 675 tons of methylamine, a key ingredient of methamphetamine, in Mexico in December. From 2010 to 2011, seizures of precursor chemicals like methylamine in Mexico increased 400 percent, from 400 tons to 1,600 tons. These most recent reports are similar to reports in the 1920s of U.S. liquor seizures going from barrels to shiploads, which indicated bootlegging was being conducted on an industrial scale. They are also eerily similar to the record cocaine seizure in 1984 in Tranquilandia, Colombia, when Colombian National Police uncovered a network of jungle cocaine labs along with 13.8 metric tons of cocaine. It was the watershed moment, when authoritiesmoved from measuring cocaine busts in kilograms to measuring them in tons, and it marked the Medellin cartel's rise to power over the cocaine market.
A True Mexican Criminal Industry?
generic mexico arrest handcuffs border immigration smuggling bounty (CBS/AP)
Anyone can make methamphetamine, but it is a huge organizational, financial and legal challenge to make it on the industrial level that appears to be happening in Mexico. The main difference between the U.S. labs and the Mexican labs is the kind of input chemicals they use. The U.S. labs use pseudoephedrine, a pharmaceutical product heavily regulated by the DEA, as a starting material, while Mexican labs use methylamine, a chemical with many industrial applications that is more difficult to regulate. And while pseudoephedrine comes in small individual packages of cold pills, methylamine is bought in 208-liter (55-gallon) barrels. The Mexican process requires experienced chemists who have mastered synthesizing methamphetamine on a large scale, which gives them an advantage over the small-time amateurs working in U.S. methamphetamine labs.
photo by the Joint Interagency Task Force - West
Thus, while methamphetamine consumption has been steadily growing in the United States for the past two decades — and at roughly $100 per gram, unpure methamphetamine is just as profitable on the street as cocaine — it is even more profitable for Mexican traffickers. Methamphetamine does not come with the overhead costs of purchasing cocaine from Colombians and trafficking valuable merchandise through some of the most dangerous countries in the Western Hemisphere. Precursor materials such as methylamine used in methamphetamine production are cheap, and East Asian producers appear to be perfectly willing to sell the chemicals to Mexico. And because methamphetamine is a synthetic drug, its production does not depend on agriculture like cocaine and marijuana production does. There is no need to control large swaths of cropland and there is less risk of losing product to adverse weather or eradication efforts.
In Mexico City, the military has a museum used to train officials, diplomats and cadets about the war on drugs. Samples of various drugs including cocaine are labeled in a glass case. (Sarah L. Voisin/The Washington Post)
For the Mexican TCOs, industrializing and controlling the methamphetamine market offers a level of real control over a market that is not possible with cocaine. We expect fighting over the methamphetamine market to maintain violence at its current levels, but once a group comes out on top it will have far more resources to expel or absorb rival TCOs. This process may not sound ideal, but methamphetamine could pick the winner in the Mexican drug war.
Read More: Stratfor
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Filed Under: MISCELLANEOUS Tagged With: Associated Press, Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco, hispanic blog, Influential Access, JESSICA MARIE GUTIERREZ, Methamphetamine, Mexican Army, Mexico, mexico drug cartels, mexico drug war, Organized crime, Sinaloa, Sinaloa Cartel, Tlajomulco de Zuñiga, transforming ordinary, United States, zetas cartel


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CORPORATE COWORKING. Corporate office inspired by co-working
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You hear more and more about co-working offices. Beautiful designer spaces in great locations, hosting an intriguing community of people who work differently from others. Can you move the benefits of co-working into corporate offices? How do you create an office space that will trigger the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship in people?
According to estimates by DeskMag, in 2018 about 1.7 million people worked in co-working spaces around the world[1]. This trend is becoming increasingly popular, mainly in the United States and Western Europe, but also in Poland more and more of these offices are springing up.
What is co-working anyway? Its essence can be encapsulated in three words: Collaborate, Connect, Create. The international organisation LExC (League of Extraordinary Coworking Spaces) says that a co-working space is a wisely designed space available to all people with a passion and managed so as to create a community of creative entrepreneurs who view success more broadly than just through financial results.[2]
The London office of the Adir Group is an example of co-working. Owners of this place put special emphasis on ergonomics, zoning of space and elements affecting the wellbeing of users.
To understand the phenomenon of co-working it is a good idea to take a look at the results of the Global Coworking Survey 2017. Things that attract a growing number of employees to co-working spaces are primarily: the atmosphere, interaction with other people and a sense of community. Add work and space cost-efficiency and flexibility on top of that, and you can easily see why offices of this type have become an interesting alternative to working at home, in a coffee shop, or even the infamous corporate open space.
Until recently, co-working offices were used mainly by freelancers and startups. As co-working spaces evolved, their users changed too. A new trend has been seen in the United States over the past several years – an increasing number of corporations are putting their employees in co-working spaces. And while it is cheaper to rent a co-working space compared to traditional long-term rental, it seems that for giants such as Microsoft, HSBC, Facebook or Starbucks it is more important that co-working offers a great environment for cooperation and innovation. [3]
Looking at the specifics of work organisation in the sector of modern business services, it would probably be hard to move employees to external co-working offices. You can, however, move the benefits and the spirit of co-working into corporate offices. How to do it?
Let us go back to the results of the Global Coworking Survey. The magnets that attract people to co-working offices are: the atmosphere, interaction with other people and a sense of community. So why not try and move the co-working patterns into corporate offices.
It is hard to move a BSS organisation into a co-working office, but you might want to move the unique atmosphere and spirit of co-working into your organisation.
Unique atmosphere of co-working
The atmosphere of co-working spaces is unique. It is created by people who often work on their own account, develop their businesses and are heavily involved in what they do. At the heart of a co-working space there is usually a large social space with a big table, soft sofas and armchairs where people from a variety of businesses meet. This is where you are most likely to feel that unique atmosphere of co-working. This can work in a similar way in the offices of a corporation. The office kitchen is becoming more and more important.
Looking at projects that we carry out with our clients, we see how social areas have evolved over the past few years. They now take up a significant percentage of office space. Their function is changing too - they are no longer used to just heat up a meal, but are actually the heart of the office. A place where employees can meet with each other in an informal setting, exchange ideas and talk about the problems and challenges of their projects. We have noticed that intra-company communication is most efficient when people meet over coffee. Most interactions between employees take place outside spaces intended strictly for meetings. And, as we know, interactions build communication that is essential if you want innovation in your organization to grow.
– says Sebastian Osuch, Regional Cities Director at the Nowy Styl Group
Interactions between employees are essential if you want innovation in your organization to grow.
Interactions with other people
By definition, co-working spaces are associated with a unique atmosphere of openness. Users of co-working offices are focused on cooperation and mutual benefits from interactions between people. For corporations, such exchange of knowledge and interdisciplinary consultations are also extremely important. You should therefore arrange your space so as to ensure employees have a lot of opportunities for interaction. An office should support its users by offering diverse meeting spaces, both formal and, most importantly, informal. For example, it is useful to have brainstorming rooms where a group of several people can freely generate ideas for innovative solutions together. These are very often furnished with soft poufs or sofas, which bring in a level of freedom to the meeting and support an open mind. Quick consultation zones are also important, located near traffic routes to support ad-hoc interactions between workers from different departments.
The growing share of communication zones in the entire office space is another example of how co-working impacts corporate offices.
Sense of community
Many co-working offices build user communities around their brands, composed of people sharing the same styles of life and work and the same types of activities, and who identify with their values. A similar trend can be observed with some multinational corporations. As employers, they like to build a community of workers who take an active part in the life of the organization and identify strongly with its brand. The office has definitely an important part to play in building this kind of community. It is its natural habitat, so it should reflect its values. Once again, the role of social spaces has to be emphasized here: they help build corporate identity and enhance the sense of community among employees.
Social spaces in corporate offices are where the community of employees is formed.
Features of a co-working inspired office:
- an office modelled on co-working offers a variety of different zones, both areas for individual work and spaces for various kinds of meetings.
Ergonomics and flexibility
- employees want to work where they feel comfortable - it does not always have to be a desk. A comfortable sofa or a swing is just as good a place for some tasks.
- especially young workers need to feel their work has a meaning, and they want to be part of a larger whole, participate in the life of the company. Social spaces are, therefore, very important for an office. A large, common dining table or a big couch – these places in the office have the strongest integrating potential. It is often there that the best ideas are born. Kitchen is not only the heart of a home, but also the heart of an office now.
Friendly and interesting interiors
- work goes better in inspiring interiors. You should take care of good lighting, ventilation, plants, natural materials and finishes, as well as interesting accessories – all this will make your office more employee-friendly.
1 http://www.deskmag.com/en/1-7-million-members-will-work-in-coworking-spaces-by-the-end-of-2018-survey
2 Co-Working Offices in Poland Report
3 https://www.coworkingresources.org/blog/understanding-the-corporate-coworking-client
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Required Gvnka & Associates, Is A Firm Specialising In Assurance, Taxation And Advisory Services. Selected Candidates Shall Be Trained Across Verticals.
GVNKA & Associates Company has vacancy of Accountant (Articleship) job in Bengaluru(Kalyan Nagar) city.


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Trichomorpha evidens är en mångfotingart som först beskrevs av Chamberlin 1940.  Trichomorpha evidens ingår i släktet Trichomorpha och familjen Chelodesmidae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

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Sholdt produces jewelry that is at once beautiful, durable, modern and timeless. Designed within an environment of creative freedom, each exquisite piece is produced by a master craftsman within Sholdt's family-owned production facility in Seattle. Brian Sholdt, winner of numerous industry honors and awards, receives inspiration from 20th Century design and architecture. Dustin Sholdt's hands-on knowledge of the medium and its possibilities builds from over 20 years as a bench jeweler.
Van Craeynest is proud to offer an oasis of design in a world that has forgotten the importance of knowing how to create jewelry from inside out. The combination of original designs, along with the skill and knowledge to execute these designs, results in unsurpassed quality, enduring sentiment, and breathtaking jewelry. Simply put, Van Craeynest creates poetry in metal. When an individual of taste and discernment desires a truly elegant, handcrafted piece of jewelry, Van Craeynest is the only option.


Come and grab a cold brew and discuss Born a Crime by Trevor Noah with library staff! Adults ages 21 and over are welcome to join us at Speak of the Devil located at 201 W 5th St, Lorain, OH. Participants are responsible for their own drinks. Preregistration required. Preregistration required.


After a resounding victory against ICCD, Zimbabwe defeated Jordan 3.5-0.5. International Master Rodwell Makoto had defeated Grand Master Gruenfeld Yehuda in a pulsating game in round nine another shocking defeat which he paused to one of the Grand Masters he shocked.
The team never looked back and kept other teams on their toes as they defeated Jordan and Dominican Republic respectively. Makoto defeated Mansour Sameer on board for Jordan while, Zhemba Jemusse won against International Master Ahmad Alkhatib on board two. Spencer Masango drew against Fide Master Issa Rafat who saved the Jordanian team from a whitewash and held for a draw. Elisha Thabo won a pulsating game on board four against their highly rated International Master who had a rating advantage on paper but could not perform to expectations.
Elisha Thabo unleashed a novelty in the game which left many spectators wondering what really he was thinking about. Yet it was victory for the young-man. The team eventually won 3.5-0.5. In the 11th round Zimbabwe was paired against Dominican Republic and the team won 2.5-1.5. IM Makoto won against Fide Master Abreu Carlos Paul, while Zhemba lost to Dominguez Jose Manuel on board two.
Spencer Masango drew against FM Guzman Christopher while Thabo ensured that the earned a crucial point which led the team to the podium after defeating them 2.5-1.5. Zimbabwe team won a bronze medal in the category B section after they were pushed by tie-break by Japan who also had 13 points.The team also finished second in Africa after Egypt who scored 15 points. This was a historic win by team Zimbabwe who performed much better than what the ranking showed. Congratulations team Zimbabwe, well done.


iron spy » Some Coastal Scents mica swatches. Huzzah.
Some Coastal Scents mica swatches. Huzzah.
By Laura. Posted April 28, 2009 at 8:40 pm.
On occasion, I have forgotten I've owned some things I have, in fact, owned. Meaning, I have so much makeup I can't keep track of it all and often forget what I have. Therefore I am beginning the arduous task of documenting my makeup in order to keep a photo record of what I have. No more shall I purchase (and purchase again) products very similar to things I already own. Yes, child, this is a glorious day.
I'll start up with something I've been accumulating a lot of lately, as they are so cheap: Mica powders from Coastal Scents.
These are rather pigmented, but of course you need to wear a primer if you are wearing them as eyeshadow (which is what I almost always do). In these pictures, I swatched them on a base of UDPP. Anyway, as I said, they are rather pigmented but there is a lot of fallout if you have too much on your brush. I rather take a little extra time and layer it on slowly to reduct any fall out. These are also very pretty foiled.
Interfine micas and Inter Spark micas are intended (at least as far as I can tell) for use with other things, i.e. mix with lipgloss, layer over a shadow to add dimension and sparkle, etc. Interfine provides more of a sheen of whatever color it is (in my pictures, this is violet, duh) over whatever base you put it on. It would look great over any black, and I've seen photos of a blue Interfine over a black shadow looking amazing. Inter Spark micas are one step up from the Interfines, providing a sheen with more of a sparkle. The Ultra Shimmer mica also in this picture is just simple silver shimmer (one step below a glitter powder).
As a final note, I think you can get these micas elsewhere, but I refer to them as "Coastal Scents" micas simply because that is where I purchased them.


You will not experience problems like how to get around and how to get in the Bernay area where you go for vacation on our web site.
Where is the nearest station, how do I get to the airport, where is the airport taxi, where is the uber Bernay, how to use the airport shuttle will be answered very soon on this page.
This entry was posted in Eure Airport Shuttle Service, France and tagged Bernay airport shuttle bus, Bernay airport shuttle service, Bernay transportation, Bernay Uber, How to go Bernay, Uber Bernay.


When it comes to my personal style, I'd have to say I'm more of a practical dresser. I love prints, patterns, geometric shapes and color, but in reality, having a closet full of these types of clothing is quite expensive. It's harder to repeat pieces with loud colors and prints and when you do, you start to see it fade after several washes and eventually send it to the back of your closet. So when it comes to shopping, I always go for different cuts, textures and neutral plains that I can repeatedly wear and change up by adding accessories. Don't get me wrong though, I still love statement pieces and do have a few of these in my closet. But I try as much as possible to buy items I can wear 100 times.
When I decided to make something for the ladies at Common Ware, I made it, of course, one of the most versatile pieces you will have in your wardrobe.
Color – Plain Navy Blue, White and Grey. The most basic of colors.
Simple, elegant, and versatile. Change it up with your accessories and you'll never have to look like an outfit repeater again.


Gears is the second coming of the Robot Devil, with 100% more synth love.
player is a device that allows you to emulate many familiar synth sounds, as well as create brand new ones.
• This signal is fed into a clock divider, which puts out a square wave (or two) we can mix into the output.
• The audio then travels on to the aggressive filter section. There's also a drive control allowing you to play nice with the filter, or just slam audio up against it.
• The filter also sneaks into self oscillation, for a little bit of extra noise, if you so desire.
• The expression pedal input allows foot control over the "Freq" knob and is the most magic trick in this new box.
• Electronic "wubs" familiar "wahs" and plenty of other new sounds are effortlessly dialed in and modulated with your foot.


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Sony OLED TV Superthin
Sony announced a TV that is 0.12 inches - that's 3 millimeters, for most of the world. The XEL-1 OLED television is science-fictionally amazing.
(Sony OLED TV)
The resolution of the screen is just 960 x 540 pixels; its widescreen aspect display is just eleven inches in diagonal.
Small, yes. But what a great start. And at $1,740, it's actually a bargain - considering that you are looking at the real-life future of flat panel TVs, it's cheap.
SF readers may recall devices like the visiplate from 'Doc' Smith's 1930 novel Skylark Three, or the poster TV from Larry Niven's 1976 novel A World Out of Time.
Via TechEBlog.
Related News Stories - (" Display ")
A New Way To Run Into Things
'He made an adjustment, pointed the tube at the wall beside Etzwane, and projected a cone of light.' - Jack Vance, 1971.
Unfurl The Future! Huawei Mate X versus Galaxy Fold
'A paper thin polycarbon screen unfurled silently from the top of the unit and immediately grew rigid.' - William Gibson, 1986.
North Focals Smart Glasses Provide Augmented Reality In Style
'The world ... is drenched in unfamiliar information all the way to the horizon.' - Charles Stross, 2007.
Do You Still Want A Folding Screen Phone?
'A paper thin polycarbon screen unfurled...' - William Gibson, 1986.


Imo State House of Assembly has confirmed the appointment of Hon. Simeon Iwunze, Hon. Ikenna Emeh, Mrs. Chioma Jeniffer Ekeopara. The House was yet to receive the resignation of the serving member for Ideato South State Constituency, Hon. Ikechukwu Amuka as equally member of Imo State Judicial Service Commission.
The confirmation followed a letter from the Governor, Owelle Rochas Okorocha, asking for the nomination and reconstitution of the members of Judicial Service Commission signed. The letter which was sent through the office of the Secretary to the Government of Imo State (SGI) and read by the Speaker, Rt. Hon. Acho Ihim at the plenary Wednesday, March 28, 2019.
Deliberating on the urgency of the screening and methodology, the Deputy Speaker, Rt. Hon. Ugonna Ozuruigbo said that since the nominees were already with them in the hallowed chambers and are the serving members and they should take a bow without any other protocol.
Hon. Ikechukwu Amuka on his own said as a serving member, he will submit his letter of resignation before the swearing-in of the Commission to take over the new appointment but for now, he is still a member of the House of Assembly representing Ideato South.
The member for Aboh Mbaise, Hon. Mike Iheanetu in his submissions, cited the Nigerian Constitution which stipulates that the moment Hon. Ikechukwu Amuka accepts the appointment letter; he automatically ceases toe be a House member and he would resign.
On that, the Speaker, Rt. Hon Acho Ihim stated that Hon. Ikechukwu Amuka will cease to be a serving member of the House, the moment he presents himself for swearing in as member of the Commission.


The Motley Fool Canada » Investing » Marijuana Stocks: Is it Risky to Buy Canopy Growth (TSX:WEED) Stock Now?
Marijuana Stocks: Is it Risky to Buy Canopy Growth (TSX:WEED) Stock Now?
There is no dearth of good news for marijuana producers these days. Look at the stock price of Canopy Growth (TSX:WEED)(NYSE:CGC), the world's largest cannabis company. It has almost doubled during the past three weeks, reflecting positive momentum that doesn't seem to be slowing down anytime soon.
After such a massive rally, the biggest question for growth-seeking investors is whether they should buy marijuana stocks now or wait until these pot producers show some positive earnings. Let's see if Canopy Growth stock is still a buy after surging more than 100% since August 14.
The major catalyst that is pushing pot stocks higher these days is the renewed interest by global players in Canada's pot producers. Last month Constellation Brands announced it will boost its stake in Canopy by committing another $3.8 billion. Constellation, whose brands include Corona beer, will own 38% of Canopy, up from its earlier 10% stake.
In another deal, Molson Coors Brewing announced a plan to form a joint venture with Hydropothecary to develop new products, such as cannabis-infused beverages once that market opens in 2019.
This validation by international players also justifies, to some extent, the high valuations that investors are attaching to this nascent industry. Canopy, for example, is trading at 139.2 times trailing 12-month revenue. Constellation paid 51% premium at the time of increasing its stake in Canopy last month.
For investors seeking high returns, buying a couple of quality marijuana stocks isn't be a bad idea. Among the top names, Canopy is well positioned to take advantage of the anticipated demand boom from both recreational and medical markets.
What makes Canopy different from other producers is its market size, capacity to ramp up production, the diversification of its product offerings, and its international reach. That said, investors should wait for a right moment to jump in after such a big move in Canopy's stock price.
Fool contributor Haris Anwar has no position in the companies mentioned. The Motley Fool owns shares of Molson Coors Brewing.


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Frank isn't the only Quipley who finds himself on adventures of dubious credibility. His nephew Josh reports on a surprising discovery from his recent trip to The Netherlands.
Josh Quipley just returned from Amsterdam. While the primary purpose of his visit was research into Dutch coffee,1 he also conducted inquiries into the Dutch language. It turns out that this is easier said than done, because, for the most part, the Dutch have stopped speaking Dutch!
On his entire trip, which comprised Schiphol2 Airport to downtown Amsterdam and back, Josh heard almost no Dutch whatsoever. In every spoken interaction he had, the locals spoke a flawless English that may be even better than his own.3
The written language tends to be more conservative, and Josh notes that he saw a good mix of "old-timey" Dutch signs and modern English signs. Almost all of the signage in the airport, right down to the advertising, is in English. In contrast, the train uses Dutch—and a very rude Dutch at that!4 Josh points out that this is consistent with his hypothesis, since trains are a relic of the past and air travel is the future.
If writing is conservative, toponymy is even more so, with almost all of it being in Dutch. But even in this domain, Josh has made a surprising discovery: many place names are derived from older varieties of English. Josh spoke highly of the friendly women in Amsterdam near the Oude Kirk, which he claims clearly comes from "auld kirk" in Scots. On one of his many visits to the area, he got lost and stumbled upon the Nieuwmarkt. This must come from English English, he contrastively reduplicated, reduplicating the pronunciation /njuːːː/ a few too many times for those of us in the audience. "The Dutch used so many vowels at the beginning that they forgot the e at the end!" Josh claimed that the name of the capital itself comes from a Cockney pronunciation of "hamster dam", possibly referring to an old dam on the Thames near the gigantic hamster wheel.5
Josh will continue his botanical and mycological research in Denver before his next "scholarly" trip to Dresden. We fully expect that he will return with a new theory about how the Saxons marched eastward from Britain across Europe, with the Netherlands being only their first stop.
We're not sure what Josh was smoking, because we've met plenty of people who speak Dutch. On the other hand, we've never met a Dutch person who wasn't fluent in English. Our editors say Don't Believe It! ... Or Do?
1 Or so we infer, based on his pictures of coffeeshops displaying prominent representations of plants that don't look very much like Coffea arabica.
2 We think Josh pronounced this /ʃɪp hoʊl/. Regardless, we think it's a lovely airport.
3 Anyone who has ever met Josh would not doubt this element of the story.
4 The photo he presented here translates to "You [formal] can change here for" trains to various destinations. We have no idea what he was talking about.
5 We think he's referring to the London Eye, but we honestly have no clue.
X-Ing It Up: Meandering Musings of a Past-It Professor
Extremist Linguistics—Dennis Dossier
SpecGram Vol CLXXXVI, No 3 Contents


Fundy Recreational Gymnastics Summer Camp is an exciting opportunity for girls and boys age 5 – 14 years to participate in a wide variety of gymnastics related activities.
Our goal is to provide a safe, fun-learning environment that utilizes gymnastics as a medium for motor skill development, strength training, flexibility, enhancement and positive child development.
We encourage every level from the newest beginner to the maturing competitive gymnast. Campers will be place into groups based upon age and experience of prior gymnastics knowledge by our Head Coach. This process will ensure that campers have the best opportunity to grow and develop over their participation in our camp.
In addition to the wonderful gymnastics opportunities for the children, the camp will aim to provide arts and crafts, team games, movies and much more!
Camp is a great way to stay active over the summer holidays and meet new friends!
Every camper must be registered with New Brunswick Gymnastics Association. Any child new to our program for the summer will be required to pay the registration fee of $18.00.


"OPENING DOORS IN BROWARD" COMMUNITY JOB FAIR 2018- STEP INTO A NEW JOB OR CAREER!
ARE YOU LOOKING TO STEP INTO A NEW JOB OR A NEW CAREER?
Please join us for the 4th Annual "Opening Doors in Broward" Community Job Fair on Friday, October 19th from 9:00 am to Noon at Arthur Ashe, Jr. Campus- Atlantic Technical College! Meet with top employers, apprenticeship training programs, educational institutions, and community partners all in an effort to achieve your career goals!
Certified guidance counselors, advisors, and representatives from educational institutions will also be on site to assist in your career exploration! Career assessments will be available at no cost.
This event is FREE and open to the public ages 16 years old and up.
Be sure to click on "REGISTER" in order to get a ticket for the activities. Come dressed for success and bring plenty of resumes!
Looking for a job? Connect with employers from various industries!


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Pupinidae är en familj av snäckor. Pupinidae ingår i ordningen Architaenioglossa, klassen snäckor, fylumet blötdjur och riket djur. Enligt Catalogue of Life omfattar familjen Pupinidae 26 arter.

Kladogram enligt Catalogue of Life:

Källor

Externa länkar

Snäckor
Pupinidae


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I interviewed Ana in January, 2016, in Medford, Massachusetts. Earl Dotter took photos.
Martinez is one of twelve children raised in a family of coffee and corn planters in El Salvador. As a young adult, she slipped over the American border in 1988 for one reason: to escape poverty. For the first month in America, she slept in a laundromat in Los Angeles. She worked as a clothes trimmer for eight years. She returned to El Salvador to bring her two young girls, walking for forty days, some of them in the desert. She paid off the coyote over seven years.
Today she is an American citizen, working in the Whole Foods Bakehouse in Medford, Massachusetts. One of her daughter works at the same facility. She owns a three family house in Chelsea, Massachusetts and a home in El Salvador. "To come here and succeed, you have to work", she told us.
Martinez's story uncovers some causes and consequences of immigration since passage of an historic immigration reform law in 1965. One way that her story is typical is that she is Hispanic (or, as some prefer, Latino). Without the surge in Hispanic immigration since 1965, there would be about 20 million persons in America who self-identify as Hispanic today. In fact,57 million self-identify that way. Roughly half of foreign-born Hispanics in America today are here without authorization.
She lives in a residential portal for low wage immigrants, Chelsea. In 2010, 38% of its population was foreign-born. Many low wage immigrant workers live in concentrations of similar immigrants.


Paula Fox, "News of the World"? I didn't catch the title right.
Kevin Brockmeier's story "The Year of Silence" from the Best American Short Stories of 2008 edited by Salman Rushdie, a book I even happen to own thanks to my friend Suzanne.
Mary Robison, "Why Did I Ever?"
Something by Scott Spencer, Ben Okri, Julia Slavin (the following week Mary Gaitskill photocopies a Julia Slavin story for us), Barry Hannah, John Barth.
Padgett Powell, "The Interrogative Mood."
Xiaolu Guo, "A Concise Chinese-English Dictionary for Lovers."
Joshua Ferris, "Then We Came to the End."
Alice Munro, collections of interconnected short stories.
She also gave me a list of low-residency MFA programs to consider (I asked): Bennington (she teaches there), Warren Wilson (Jim Shepard has taught there, she said!), Antioch. Not a low-residency, but a local MA program, UC Davis (she said, Lynn Freed teaches there). She also recommended other conferences to check out: Breadloaf, Sewanee.
Olga-- have you read "The Group?" by Mary McCarthy? I guess it's third person, but feels like a collective voice-- it's pretty amazing how she sustains that. And very, very entertaining, evocative of a particular demographic in a certain time and place. A great read.
Evelyn, I haven't yet -- but I'm putting this on my reading list! Meanwhile, do you have a system, managing your reading lists? A way of prioritizing? Or just keeping track of titles?
Why not (about Olive K)? Is it too gimmicky? Or too topical?
I'm yet to make any progress with my reading lists. My reading habits are so opportunistic it seems..


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Posted inNews, Stories
Rowers pack Ithaca's City Hall to support Cascadilla Boat Club
by Jeff Stein February 18, 2015 February 19, 2015
Ithaca, N.Y. — A few dozen people have packed a meeting at Ithaca's City Hall Wednesday to voice their support of the Cascadilla Boat Club.
Meet Andre: TCAT's Youngest Spokesperson
[fvplayer src="http://vimeo.com/115827899″ loop="true" mobile="http://vimeo.com/115827899″]
The licensing agreement between the boat club and the Cascadilla Boathouse — which is owned by the city and crucial for the club's functions — are up for renewal.
Ithaca Common Council member Cynthia Brock has questioned the tax status of the boat club and the safety of rowing. At least one parent of a rower raised similar concerns at City Hall Wednesday night as Brock's.
However, an overwhelming majority of the night's speakers — many wearing green rowing fleeces or green striped polos — spoke about the benefits of the approximately 100 year old club for both training and improving young people.
"CBC is an incredibly unique organization in that it provides value to youth," said one rower from Horseheads.
Christopher Glaubitz, chair of the CBC, also spoke in favor of keeping the boat club's existing status.
"What you have there in the park is a gem; it's amazing; it's something the city can be proud of," he said.
Mayor, city attorney speak
In a good sign for the rowers, Mayor Svante Myrick expressed support for the licensing agreement.
"It has been suggested by some that we should not allow a private non-profit to operate the Cascadilla Boat Club," Myrick said.
However, Myrick continued, the private non-profit has demonstrably done "well beyond what we could have done" had the boathouse instead been managed by the city.
"Making (young people) lifelong fans — not just of rowing and Cayuga Lake, but of Ithaca. If we were to not renew this lease … it would have required staffing it ourselves at a city expense — which we can hardly afford right now," Myrick said.
"To me the question is: 'What is the highest and the best use of the boathouse? How can we get the most people using it?' … I came to the conclusion that continuing the Cascadilla Boat Club is the best use."
After Myrick spoke, City Attorney Ari Lavine addressed the legal issues involved in the questions over the licensing agreement.
"This agreement does not tell the Cascadilla Boat Club they can do whatever they want," Lavine said.
Lavine said that "there is no doubt" that the purposes and uses of the current arrangement are acceptable under New York law.
"Rowing clearly qualifies as a form of recreation, therefore qualifying as a parkland purpose," Lavine said.
Lavine cited an appeals court ruling "hot off the presses" that he said affirmed this view.
"A whole chain of judicial decisions on this subject …have made clear that the question of public benefit is in the first instance a choice for the municipality to make," Lavine said.
The opposition
A memo in January from Brock, the council member, questioned a lack of city oversight of the boat club, the safety of the sport and the legality of the club's use of public space.
In that memo, she highlighted the connection between "city-owned, and state-funded, park property" for a "privately run, and independently operated non-profit."
Brock said in the January memo that she believes the agreements between the city and boathouse "are in apparent violation of NY State regulations as municipal park lands."
Brock spoke at the City Hall meeting Wednesday, citing this memo and saying that the boat club "appears to be inconsistent" with public use.
"Is the city allowed under New York State Law to enter into the lease agreement we are discussing now?," she said.
Brock, noting that she is a life-long rower, again raised the issue of safety and said the city must have more oversight over the club.
"I think that is something that must be addressed in the license if we were to move forward," Brock said.
"I have been very disturbed at the lack of willingness of the organization" in terms of safety, Brock said.
Additionally, parent Lori Sonken said that the club "misled parents about following US Rowing safety standards."
Sonken said her son was bullied and kicked off the team. "As a parent, I had few places to turn to address the club's bullying behavior against my son. If a private entity like the Cascadilla Boat Club operates in a city-owned park there should be a place and a process for people to air their grievances."
Those ideas were opposed by almost all of the speakers — at least as of 6:40 p.m. — speaking at City Hall Wednesday.
"CBC makes the most of what they have and I sincerely hope you guys continue to give them what they've been accustomed to," said Ryan McCune, a rower. "They've been a great service for this community."
We'll post an update once the meeting is over.
Follow The Ithaca Voice on Facebook | Twitter
Jeff Stein is the founder and former editor of the Ithaca Voice.	More by Jeff Stein


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Economy » News » Covid-19: Slaughterhouses are corona hotspots
Covid-19 Slaughterhouses are corona hotspots
by Editor fleischwirtschaft.com
Photo: imago images / Fotoarena
Minimum distances of one metre between employees should prevent the spread of coronavirus in Brazilian slaughterhouses.
COVID-19 Hygiene Brazil
fleischwirtschaft.com — BRAZIL, Brasília. Many employees in the meat industry are infected. New government hygiene rules do not go far enough for the workers' representatives.
Slaughterhouses are also hotspots for Covid-19 outbreaks in Brazil. Therefore, the state government has now taken special precautionary measures. In order to ensure occupational safety and thus also guarantee the meat supply of the population, slaughterhouses must now ensure that employees keep a minimum distance of one meter between each other, according to a state decree that came into force on June 19. For example, crowds must be prevented when entering and leaving the companies. Where the minimum distance cannot be maintained, masks must be worn and partition walls set up.
In addition, it must be ensured that employees wash their hands regularly and that the workplaces are cleaned more frequently, the decree states. Workplaces must be ventilated regularly, and there must be no air circulation when using air conditioning systems. Employees must also be medically examined at the first sign of infection. Infected persons must be quarantined for 14 days. The same applies to those who have had contact with those who are ill. However, you can bypass the quarantine with a negative corona test.
According to domestic media reports, employee representatives considered the measures to be "inadequate". A minimum distance of 1.5 m between employees as well as mass tests were necessary. In fact, the measures prescribed by the state fall short of the self-imposed requirements of meat companies. Marfrig, for example, has already carried out mass tests for the coronavirus among its employees. In addition, according to the company, one of the measures taken is to ensure that employees keep a minimum distance of 1.5 metres.
(Bild: imago images_Xinhua)
Meat market China blocks "Corona suppliers"
Every fourth person infected in the meat industry
As has been observed in recent months, slaughterhouses in Brazil contribute massively to the spread of coronavirus. Some of them were temporarily closed due to high infection rates. In the federal state of Rio Grande do Sul, one of the main production centres for meat in Brazil, corona infections were detected in a total of 4,957 slaughterhouse employees by Tuesday last week, according to the regional government. This means that every fourth infection detected in the region was accounted for by one slaughterhouse employee. 65,000 people are employed in Rio Grande do Sul.
Brazilian experts attribute the incidence of disease in the facilities to the confinement and low temperature in the plants. In some cases, there are also company accommodation facilities in which workers who have travelled from more distant areas live during the week. Meanwhile, the Brazilian meat companies JBS, Marfrig and Minerva Foods signed the declarations required by the important customer China that their goods are free of the coronavirus.
Brazil is currently one of the countries most affected by the pandemic worldwide. According to figures from the World Health Organization (WHO), there are around 1.1 million confirmed cases of infection and just over 51,000 deaths in Brazil to date.
Source: fleischwirtschaft.de; AgE


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Seeking Father's Details Affects Mother's Dignity: Court On IVF Technique
August 16, 2021 August 16, 2021 Law UpdatesLeave a Comment on Seeking Father's Details Affects Mother's Dignity: Court On IVF Technique
With single women's right to conceive through Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART), like IVF, being recognised, requiring them to furnish father's name in the form for registering births and deaths of children born through such procedures necessarily affects the right of dignity of the mother as well as the child, the Kerala High Court has said.
The high court said that the state has to provide appropriate forms for registration of births and deaths of children born through such procedures.
"The right of a single parent/unwed mother to conceive by ART having been recognised, prescriptions of forms requiring mentioning of name of father, the details of which is to be kept anonymous, is violative of their fundamental rights of privacy, liberty and dignity," the court ruled.
The ruling by the high court came on a plea by a divorced woman, who got conceived by In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) procedure, challenging the requirement under the Kerala Registration of Births and Deaths Rules, 1970 to mention the father's details.
She had said in her petition that she cannot disclose the father's name as firstly, the identity of the sperm donor is kept anonymous and has not been and could not be disclosed even to her and secondly, such a requirement intrudes upon her right of privacy, liberty and dignity.
She had also contended that issuing a certificate by leaving the column for father's details as blank also interferes with her right of dignity, privacy and liberty.
Agreeing with the woman's claims, the high court said rights of a single woman to conceive through ART procedure was recognised and accepted in the country and in such procedures, the identity of the sperm donor cannot be disclosed except in circumstances as may be compelled for, under law.
"It falls within the realm of the "right of privacy". The said right has also been recognised in the guidelines for ART clinics, with very little exceptions. Under the circumstances, there is no rhyme or reason in requiring the petitioner to provide the name of the father in the form prescribed for registration of birth and death.
"Requiring the petitioner to leave the column regarding the details of father as blank, the issuance of a certificate of birth or certificate of death leaving the space provided therein regarding the details of the father as blank, necessarily affects the right of dignity of the mother as well as the child," the high court said.
It further said that the right of a single woman/unwed mother, to conceive through ART procedures having been recognised, "the State has to provide appropriate forms for registration of births and deaths of children born through such procedures, and for issuance of birth/death certificates".
The court said the concept of conceiving through ART was foreign to India a few decades back till the first "test tube baby" was born.
"By the passage of time, evolution of techniques, change in lifestyle and personal choices recognized by the Rule of Law, appropriate modifications/ changes/ additions/ alterations need to be made in statutes, rules and the forms prescribed thereunder," the court said.
In the instant case, as the petitioner woman was in the 8th month of her pregnancy, the court directed the Kerala government to "immediately" take necessary steps to have separate forms prescribed for registration of births and deaths and for issuance of certificates in cases relating to conception through ART procedure of single parent/ unwed mother.
To prevent misuse of such forms for settling scores in "family feuds", the court said applicants can be asked to furnish an affidavit that she is a single parent/unwed mother conceived through ART procedure and produce along with the same a copy of medical record in support thereof.
"To such applicants, a separate form, which does not contain the field regarding the name and other details of the father, shall be prescribed. In so far as certificate of death is concerned, it would suffice if in the column where the name of the father or husband is sought for, another entry could be made as that of the mother (like Father / Husband / Mother)," the high court said.
Tagged Seeking Father's Details Affects Mother's Dignity: Court On IVF Technique
'Don't Want National Security Compromised': Top Court In Pegasus Hearing
'Don't Shoot the Messenger': SC pulls up Delhi Govt over harassment of Doctors
June 17, 2020 June 17, 2020 Law Updates
73 FIRs registered against travel agents for sending people abroad illegally in Haryana
May 30, 2020 May 30, 2020 Law Updates
SC takes suo-motu cognizance of Yamuna River Pollution, issues Notice to Haryana Govt


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