Looking for mini storage or Public Storage near you? cjslandscapelighting.com has 5 self storage rentals near Halifax. Serving Your Area, Halifax,VA, Map. +1() Category: Storage And Warehousing, Home Goods Storage · Claim Your Listing. Share. Print. Contact SpareFoot to get details about Cluster Springs Self Storage in South Boston, VA Find Self-Harming Therapists, Psychologists and Self-Harming Counseling in Halifax County, Virginia, get help for Self-Harming in Halifax County, get help with.
Serving Your Area, Halifax,VA, Map. +1() Category: Storage And Warehousing, Home Goods Storage · Claim Your Listing. Share. Print. Contact SpareFoot to get details about Cluster Springs Self Storage in South Boston, VA Reserve your self-storage unit in Halifax, VA You can schedule online, view facility maps as well as check each facility's unit prices here.
Pictured above, our corporate offices are located at Halifax Road, Halifax Virginia. Halifax Road is U.S.
Highway , the primary north-south arterial. Find Self-Harming Therapists, Psychologists and Self-Harming Counseling in Halifax County, Virginia, get help for Self-Harming in Halifax County, get help with. Find mini storage units and self storage facilities in Halifax County, Virginia area.
Compare storage prices and rent a storage place in Halifax County, VA.
Pictured above, our corporate offices are located at Halifax Road, Halifax Virginia. Halifax Road is U.S. Highway , the primary north-south arterial. Find Self-Harming Therapists, Psychologists and Self-Harming Counseling in South Boston, Halifax County, Virginia, get help for Self-Harming in South Boston.
Find Self-Harming Therapists, Psychologists and Self-Harming Counseling in Halifax County, Virginia, get help for Self-Harming in Halifax County, get help with.


The TC35853F single-chip 155Mbps SAR chip for switch and hub applications is designed for User Network Interface (UNI) and Subscriber Network Interface (SNI) or a general packet relay interface. It also supports the standard UTOPIA interface and several vendor-specific interfaces for connecting to SONET/SDH-3c/ST1, DS3, E3, DS1, and E1 transmission links. Each data packet is segmented according to the AAL-type specified for that circuit and is placed on a linked-list cell queue in memory. It supports up to 1,023 circuits. The cell queues are served by a traffic shaper, which supports peak rate, sustained rate, minimum guaranteed rate, maximum burst size, priority level, CBR, variable bit rate, and best-effort quality of service (QoS) types. It supports Permanent Virtual Connections (PVC) and Switched Virtual Connections (SVC) and F4 and F5 operations administration and maintenance (OAM) flows. Digital's FLOWmaster* flow control is also supported as an option to provide zero cell loss, best-effort quality of service with increased reliability. It has full line-rate segmentation and reassembly for STS-3c link. The chip has an M6800C-style node processor interface and contains 20-bit addressing that supports a 1 megaword (64-bit) SRAM buffer. Designed and produced in 0.8 micron CMOS, the TC35853F has full scan and automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) for more than 97 percent fault coverage. It is offered in a 304-pin ceramic flat pack.


text:
Home / Articles / Tesco fraud trial hears of boss's shock over misstated profits
Tesco fraud trial hears of boss's shock over misstated profits
Business Ideas UK November 2, 2017	Comments Off on Tesco fraud trial hears of boss's shock over misstated profits 615 Views
Tesco's chief executive has told a court of his "surprise and shock" on learning the company's profits had been misstated by £246m.David Lewis was told about the issue just weeks after he took up the post in September 2014.Mr Lewis has been giving evidence at the trial into alleged fraud at the supermarket giant. Former Tesco executives Carl Rogberg, Christopher Bush and John Scouler are on trial. All deny the charges.They are accused of fraud by abuse of position and false accounting between February and September 2014. Mr Lewis told jurors at Southwark Crown Court that he took up his post at the beginning of September 2014. He said he had had numerous meetings with Bush and one with Scouler, but he was not told of the accounting issue until 19 September.He recalled he was called into a meeting with Adrian Morris, Tesco's chief counsel, at about lunchtime that day, and presented with a paper detailing the problem.Asked for his reaction to this, he told the court: "One of surprise and one of shock, really."I think the thing that was unique to this paper was the indication that the numbers that had been declared had a potential misstatement within them."What was new was the proposition here that £246m of income had been included in the first half of the year that on that basis of this paper was deemed to be questionable."'Intensive' investigationMr Lewis said: "I had never experienced anything like this before, but it was quite clear that having read the paper, and the manner in which it was served, I felt that it had to be taken very seriously."He said he called Tesco's chairman, Sir Richard Broadbent, and told him what the document said, and that a team of internal and external auditors was assembled to work through the weekend.Sir Richard returned from Italy, where he had been on holiday, and it was discovered by the end of the weekend that the shortfall was £263m.Mr Lewis went on to explain the company had spent a great deal of time between Tesco's public announcement on 22 September stating profits had been overestimated, and when the company was due to issue its interim results on 23 October.He said: "It was a very intensive amount of investigation of these numbers. It required a huge amount of review of paperwork, documentation between pretty much all of the suppliers to Tesco and the different categories in order to validate the number."So that was quite an extensive exercise."At an earlier hearing, the court heard that two members of its finance department resigned in 2014 over concerns they may be compromising their professional integrity.The two were unhappy about what they were being asked to do by bosses.Carl Rogberg, 50, Chris Bush, 51, and John Scouler, 49, are alleged to have failed to correct inaccurately recorded income figures. The company's former finance head, managing director and food commercial boss deny charges of fraud by abuse of position and false accounting.The court has heard the three men were accused of "cooking the books" by bringing forward income not yet earned to artificially inflate its figures. Problems with Tesco's accounts came to light in a regulatory announcement in September 2014, when Tesco shocked the market in admitting it had overstated profits by around £250m. Tesco has said it had incorrectly booked payments from its suppliers and has paid £85m in compensation to investors who lost out when the share price fell in the wake of the accounting revelations.The trial continues.
Previous Pound falls on Bank's rate comments
Next US sets final tariffs on softwood lumber from Canada

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The end of Moore's Law: what happens next?
For the last few decades, we've been enjoying faster and faster computer speeds, but we've now squeezed as much as we can from silicon chips. We take a look at the tech that could take their place…
By Dr Peter Bentley
03rd December, 2018 at 10:00
Compared to those of 50 years ago, the computer processors of today are fast. Crazily fast. Their speed has been doubling approximately every two years. This doubling effect is known as Moore's Law, after Gordon Moore, the co-founder of Intel, who predicted this rate of progress back in 1965. If the top speed of cars had followed the same trend since 1965, we would be watching Lewis Hamilton fly around Silverstone at more than 11,000,000,000mph.
For the computer industry, his prediction became a golden rule, perhaps even a self-fulfilling prophecy. The chip manufacturers were inspired to attain the performance Moore's Law forecast. And so they did, inventing ever more impressive ways to shrink the necessary components to fit into smaller and smaller areas of silicon, and speed up the rate at which those components interacted in the process.
Today, thanks to the large-scale integrated circuits used to make the increasingly powerful microprocessors, the computer industry has transformed the world. We have digitised almost every aspect of our lives, from food distribution to transport, and created new technologies that would never have been possible with older processors, such as social media, online gaming, robotics, augmented reality and machine learning.
Gordon Moore, the co-founder of Intel, predicted the rate of growth in computing power that became known as Moore's Law back in 1965 © Shutterstock
The continuing advances predicted by Moore's Law has made these transformations possible. But we've become blasé about the extraordinary progress, to the point where many software companies simply assume that it will continue. But as we create more data every day, we also create the need for vast warehouses of computers, known as the cloud, to store and process that data. And the more data we produce, the more computing power we need to analyse it.
But the story of runaway progress in silicon can't continue forever. We're now reaching the end of this amazing technological explosion and we're running out of ways to make our computers faster. Despite the remarkable efforts of research engineers, you can only make transistors so small before you run out of room at the bottom. For example, Apple's A11 chip, one of the best we have today, contains 4.3 billion transistors in an area of 87.66mm-squared. Go much smaller than this and the transistors become so tiny that the effects of quantum physics start to interfere – electrons start to jump around and turn up in places where you don't want them to be. With so little space, it also becomes difficult to organise the fine structure of the silicon wafer that's essential to control its electrical properties. Pack in too many transistors and make them work faster and the restricted flow of electrons within the chip can make it so hot that without significant cooling, it will burn itself up.
Chip manufacturers have known about these problems for decades, and have been doing their best to work around them. We used to see microprocessors increase their clock speed (the base operating speed of a computer) every year, to make them compute more quickly.
We saw the 25MHz i486 in 1991, the 200MHz Pentium Pro in 1998 and the 3.8GHz Pentium 4 in 2008. But that was about as fast as we could make them tick without them becoming impossible to cool. Since then, manufacturers have had to use multiple cores so processors can do their work in parallel in order to make them work faster – first double-core, then quad-core, 8-core, 16-core and so on.
How Ada Lovelace's notes on the Analytical Engine created the first computer program
Who invented the computer?
Today, it has become so difficult and expensive to continue to match the pace of progress predicted by Moore's Law that almost all chip manufacturers have abandoned the race. It's no longer cost-effective to continue in this direction and as a result, there's been a significant decline in research and development labs working at the cutting-edge of new chip-manufacturing processes. The age of Moore's Law is nearly over.
Instead, the major manufacturers now focus their efforts on specialised chips that are designed to accelerate specific types of computation. The most common examples of this are the graphics processors. They were originally created to perform many similar calculations in parallel in order to enable the blindingly fast graphics needed for computer games. They have now evolved into general purpose processors, which are used for data analysis and machine learning.
Google's vast data centres generate a lot of heat, but a network of multicoloured water pipes keeps things cool © Getty images
Other companies have introduced their own application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), such as Google's Tensor Processing Unit. This is a circuit arranged as pods of 256 chips all working in parallel and developed specifically to run machine learning software at industry-leading speeds that Google recently began beta testing.
The end of Moore's Law should not be seen as the end of progress. Far from it. We now find ourselves in a new era of innovation, where new computer architectures and technologies are being explored seriously for the first time in decades. These new technologies show that while the future of computing may no longer be increasing at an exponential rate, progress is continuing at quite a pace. While this will likely result in faster conventional computation, it may also give us the ability to process information in an entirely new way.
Here are some of the technologies that could revolutionise the world of computing when Moore's Law takes its curtain call.
Memristors
Researchers in a clean room at Hewlett-Packard Labs make memristors © Ken James/Bloomberg via Getty Images
The memristor began life as a hypothetical electronic component, envisioned by a circuit theorist in the early 1970s. The idea was that this component would remember the electrical current that had flowed through it and its resistance would vary according to that history. It was intended to be a fundamental circuit component, just as important as the transistor or capacitor.
When organised in the right way, memristors can replace transistors altogether. As they can be packed in higher densities compared to transistors, they enable faster processors or higher capacity memories. Some regard memristors as the ideal component for modelling neural networks and performing machine learning. Yet despite the theory, it has proven difficult to make memristors. The first commercial ones were released in 2017, though there is some debate over whether they're the same as the hypothesised one.
Intel's 17-qubit superconducting test chip © Intel Corporation
Perhaps the most familiar of all contenders looking to supersede conventional silicon chips is quantum computing. Instead of letting quantum effects prevent our tiny transistors from working, why not build devices that take advantage of the tiny quantum effects to make them work?
Rather that the bits (the basic unit of information used in conventional computing) quantum computing relies on building blocks named qubits. Whereas regular bits can only take a value of either 0 or 1, think of the north and south pole on a sphere, a qubit can take any value on the whole surface of the sphere. This allows them to process more information with less energy.
Today there are several early examples of quantum computers that each follow slightly different designs developed by IBM, Google, Rigetti and Intel. So far, it remains to be seen which company and which type of quantum computer will win the race to dominate this exotic new form of computing but initial results certainly look promising.
Graphene processors
IBM Research's graphene-based chip © IBM
There are lots of emerging exotic materials that could potentially be put to use in electronics. Graphene – the amazing new material made from a lattice of carbon molecules and is 40 times stronger than diamond – is one such contender because it's a remarkable conductor of electricity.
Recent research by US universities has used graphene to make a transistor that works 1,000 times faster than its silicon cousin. With less electrical resistance, the speed of graphene processors could be increased a thousand-fold and still use less power than conventional technology.
Living chips
Koniku team members © Koniku
Many researchers are working on building computers that take inspiration from neurons in the brain. The Human Brain Project, for example, is a massive EU-funded project that's investigating how to build new algorithms and computers that mimic the way the brain works. But some researchers are going even further.
Koniku is the first company dedicated to building computers using living neurons. "We take the radical view that you can actually compute with real, biological neurons," says founder Oshiorenoya Agabi. Koniku aims to grow living neurons, programmed by altering the DNA, and keep them alive and functional for up to two years in a 'living chip'. The result may be a biological processor that Koniku says could be used to detect the odours of drugs or explosives for security and military purposes.
This is an extract from issue 321 of BBC Focus magazine.
Subscribe and get the full article delivered to your door, or download the BBC Focus app to read it on your smartphone or tablet. Find out more
[This article was first published in May 2018]
What's the difference between viruses, trojans and worms?
The cool gadgets list – March 2018
Buyer's guide: 16 of the best VR headsets
Could we create a biological supercomputer?


A rendition of the quintessential basket bag that Jane Birkin made iconic. The size is slightly smaller than what Birkin herself used to carry, giving it a modern feel. All baskets have an attached lid that can rotate on and off.
Due to the unique handcrafted nature of the bags, baskets may vary slightly in size and shape.


text:
Learn about OData Fundamentals
SAP Business Technology Platform, Beginner, Tutorial, Cloud, OData
Discover OData's origins and learn about the fundamentals of OData by exploring a public OData service.
Where OData came from and why it's designed the way it is
What the standard OData operations are and how they relate to HTTP
What the public Northwind OData service has to offer
What OData service documents and metadata documents describe
The basics of OData entity types, sets and relationships
DJ AdamsMay 16, 2022
OData is an open standard that is both a data format and a protocol for consuming and manipulating data in a uniform way. It's ISO/IEC approved and managed by the OASIS organization.
OData has its origins in the world of weblogs and syndication, but now serves to power a great deal of the API and integration activities in typical SAP enterprise environments. This tutorial will help you understand OData from the ground up. By looking briefly at RSS and Atom, precursors of OData in some ways, you'll understand and feel more comfortable with OData and its mechanisms.
This tutorial is based upon OData versions 2 and 3. With the advent of OData version 4, there are some differences, but none significant enough to distract from the purpose of this particular tutorial which is to give a simple overview of OData and its origins.
Examine RSS, an ancestor of OData
You can understand OData as being the combination of two essential parts. The first is the format, the second is the protocol. The format defines how data is described, how it is serialized. The protocol defines how that data is manipulated.
The origin of OData's format comes from the world of weblogs, blogging and syndication. The Rich Site Summary (RSS) format was defined to describe a blog and the posts available in it, typically with the newest posts first, but in XML format for machine consumption. It can also describe a set of posts collected in another context, for example all posts tagged with a certain value.
RSS is also known as "RDF Site Summary" or "Really Simple Syndication".
Let's look at an example of RSS. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) maintains many RSS feeds, and you can see a list of them on the NASA RSS Feeds page. Go there now and select the Breaking News feed which is at this URL:
https://www.nasa.gov/rss/dyn/breaking_news.rss
The resulting RSS content of this resource should look something like this (reduced here for brevity):
<rss xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" version="2.0" xml:base="http://www.nasa.gov/">
<channel>
<title>NASA Breaking News</title>
<description>A RSS news feed containing the latest NASA news articles and press releases.</description>
<link>http://www.nasa.gov/</link>
<atom:link rel="self" href="http://www.nasa.gov/rss/dyn/breaking_news.rss"/>
<language>en-us</language>
<title>NASA Administrator to Visit Florida Students, Industry</title>
<link>http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-administrator-to-visit-florida-students-industry</link>
<description>NASA Administrator Bill Nelson will speak to elementary school students about the future of space exploration Monday, May 9, and tour a lab working on robotic construction technologies Tuesday, May 10, during a trip to Florida.</description>
<enclosure url="http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/1x1_cardfeed/public/thumbnails/image/nasa-logo-web-rgb_0.jpg?itok=mrBnB_c9" length="189751" type="image/jpeg"/>
<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-administrator-to-visit-florida-students-industry</guid>
<pubDate>Fri, 06 May 2022 11:13 EDT</pubDate>
<source url="http://www.nasa.gov/rss/dyn/breaking_news.rss">NASA Breaking News</source>
<dc:identifier>479411</dc:identifier>
<title>NASA, ESA Astronauts Safely Return to Earth</title>
<link>http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-esa-astronauts-safely-return-to-earth</link>
<description>NASA's SpaceX Crew-3 astronauts aboard the Dragon Endurance spacecraft safely splashed down Friday in the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Florida, completing the agency's third long-duration commercial crew mission to the International Space Station.</description>
<enclosure url="http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/1x1_cardfeed/public/thumbnails/image/nhq202205060003.jpg?itok=nJXN4A_c" length="3817815" type="image/jpeg"/>
<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-esa-astronauts-safely-return-to-earth</guid>
</channel>
</rss>
Observe the structure of the XML document. Within the outermost <rss> element, it describes a <channel> that has some metadata such as title and description. That <channel> contains one or more <item> elements, each of them representing a breaking news item.
+-- channel
+-- item
+-- ...
Think of this overall structure like a document, with a header and items.
Which entity is used to provide a pointer to the actual blog post in each case?
Examine Atom and the Atom Publishing Protocol
Atom is a format very similar to RSS, serving the same purpose, and is properly known as the Atom Syndication Format. Some may call Atom a successor to RSS. Unlike RSS, which is just a format specification, Atom also has a related protocol called the Atom Publishing Protocol that enables the manipulation of data stored in Atom-formatted resources. This was useful for weblog authors, who could use tools that spoke the Atom Publishing Protocol to edit and publish posts to remote blogging systems.
Look at an example of the Atom format in the corresponding Wikipedia entry: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_(Web_standard) - follow the link in the "Contents" box to section 5 "Example of an Atom 1.0 feed". Notice that the general structure of the elements is the same as RSS, consisting of a root feed element containing entry child elements.
The Atom Publishing Protocol Request For Comments (RFC) document (RFC5023) describes a series of standard operations that can be performed on entries in an Atom feed - in other words, operations on XML representations of blog posts that are in the form of XML entry elements. These operations are for listing multiple entries and creating, editing, retrieving & deleting individual entries, and they correspond to the standard HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT and DELETE).
The Atom Publishing Protocol specification also details the concept of a service document that describes what collections of entries are available for a given resource. Here's an example of a service document:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding='utf-8'?>
<service xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2007/app"
xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
<workspace>
<atom:title>Main Site</atom:title>
<collection href="http://example.org/blog/main" >
<atom:title>My Blog Entries</atom:title>
<categories href="http://example.com/cats/forMain.cats" />
<collection href="http://example.org/blog/pic" >
<atom:title>Pictures</atom:title>
<accept>image/png</accept>
<accept>image/jpeg</accept>
<accept>image/gif</accept>
</workspace>
You will see that these fundamental building blocks of Atom are alive and well in the OData protocol today.
Within a workspace element in a service document, what is the XML element that is used to describe what collection of entries are available?
Look at the basics of OData
The ideas in Atom formed the foundation of OData. OData is described in full at https://www.odata.org/ but at a simple level, OData has:
a service document describing the data available in a given OData service
the concept of entity sets and entities, which are direct parallels of feeds and entries, respectively, in RSS and Atom
a basic set of operations: Create, Read, Update, Delete and Query (commonly referred to as CRUD+Q)
There is a publicly available set of OData services maintained by the OASIS organisation, which are known as the Northwind services because they offer a data set based on a business scenario that revolves around a company called Northwind Traders. This data set contains entities such as customers, products and suppliers.
Go to the OASIS OData sample service root URL https://services.odata.org/. You should see something like this:
Select the link Browse the Read-Only Northwind Service and you will see the XML contents of this resource: https://services.odata.org/V3/Northwind/Northwind.svc/. This is the service document for the OData service at this location, and the start of it should look like this:
Notice how similar it is to the Atom service document, with a "service" root element and "workspace" elements containing "collection" elements that outline the types of data available. In this case you see that there are Categories, CustomerDemographics, Customers, Employees and more available in this service.
Look at an OData metadata document
In addition to the service document, an OData service also has a metadata document, a resource which describes the data in the OData service. The metadata document itself is available at a "well-known" URL, which is the service document URL with the value $metadata appended. For this Northwind OData service, this means that the metadata document should be available at:
https://services.odata.org/V3/Northwind/Northwind.svc/$metadata
Go to this URL and examine the first part of the metadata, which should look something like this:
Notice that the basic structure at the start of the metadata document describes the entity types and their properties. You should see entity type definitions for the Category entity type, the CustomerDemographics entity type, and more.
You should also see that the properties within these entities are described, that some are defined as key properties, and also some are defined as navigation properties, that describe a link from one entity type to another. For example, there is a relationship between the Category entity type and the Products entity type by means of the "Products" navigation property in the definition of the Category entity type.
If you're interested, you can scroll through the metadata document to the Association definitions to find more details about this relationship identified by the ID FK_Products_Categories. You will find the definition of an association that looks like this:
and the definition of an association set that looks like this:
Going back to the definition of the entity type "Category", what properties are defined as key?
only the CategoryID property
the Products navigation property
CategoryID and CategoryName
View the products data in the OData service
In the previous step you examined entity types. These are detailed descriptions of entities available in the OData service. The entities themselves are available in so-called entity sets. The relationship between entities and entity sets with OData is the direct equivalent of the relationship between entries and feeds in RSS and Atom. In fact, you'll see that entry and feed elements live on in the OData format.
Entity sets have their own definitions in the metadata document, described by EntitySet elements within the EntityContainer element. Scroll down to find, or search for EntityContainer, and you will see within it a definition of all the entity sets available in this OData service. It will look something like this:
Notice there is an entity set "Products", that is a set of entities of type "Product". Search higher up in the metadata document for the entity type "Product", and examine the definition, which should look something like this:
You can navigate directly to an entity set by appending its name onto the end of the service document URL. Do that now for the Products entity set, like this:
https://services.odata.org/V3/Northwind/Northwind.svc/Products
You will see the XML representation of the Products entity set. Unless you already have a browser feature to display XML prettily, it will look something like this:
It's not easy to read like this, but you should be still able to discern, even in this rendering, features with which you're now familiar. Notice the XML feed element is the root element, representing a collection of things. Notice also the first entry element, representing the start of the first product record in this collection.
What is the title of the entity set depicted here?
ProductSet
Product Entities
Install a Chrome extension for XML rendering
The Chrome browser is recommended here, as it has a good choice of extensions that can make life easier. There are extensions for Chrome to render XML in a more human-friendly way. One of these extensions is XML Tree. There are others, but this one will do. Install this in your Chrome browser by following the instructions on the extension page and then reload the Products entity set resource. It should now look something like this:
Much easier to read, and clearly visible is the structure and relationship described by the feed and entry elements. It's now also easier to see the actual product data - in this screenshot there is the Chai product, with 39 units in stock.
Explore the navigation properties from a product
In the screenshot in the previous step, notice the link XML elements, in particular the ones with the title attribute values Category, Order_Details and Supplier. Notice also the corresponding values of their type attributes: entry, feed and entry respectively:
Re-examine the metadata document to work out what these might be. Look for the Product entity type definition, which (with the new XML Tree extension) will look something like this:
Look at the three navigation properties defined. They describe relationships between the Product entity type and the Category, Order_Details and Supplier entity types.
The relationship to the Category entity type is described with the ID NorthwindModel.FK_Products_Categories, with the To_Role attribute value being Categories. Search elsewhere in the metadata document for FK_Products_Categories to find the Association definition:
Notice that the value of the Multiplicity attribute for the Categories role is defined as "0..1". This means that there can be either zero or one categories for a product. This is why when we follow the navigation property from a Product entity type to a Category entity type (see the screenshot at the start of this step) the type of the link element is entry, not feed.
Follow the same path for the relationship to the OrderDetails navigation property described with the To_Role attribute value of Order_Details, and you will find, via the relationship FK_Order_Details_Products, that the Association definition looks like this:
In this case, the value of the Multiplicity attribute described for this relationship is *. This means that there can be zero, one or more order details for a product. This is why when we follow this navigation property the type of the link element is feed, rather than entity.
Retrieve a specific product
The URL https://services.odata.org/V3/Northwind/Northwind.svc/Products shows the Products entity set, a feed of individual entries, each one representing a product. In each product entry element there is a child id element with the unique URL for that particular product, like in this example:
Specify that ID in the browser address bar, by adding (1) to the end of the existing URL:
https://services.odata.org/V3/Northwind/Northwind.svc/Products(1)
Note that the resource returned is the entry for that specific product.
What is the root element of the XML returned for this specific product?
Retrieve order details for a specific product
To see how the navigation properties work, go from the individual property entry in the previous step to a list of the related order details. Remembering the navigation property concerned, Order_Details, add it to the end of the existing URL in the address bar to navigate to this URL: https://services.odata.org/V3/Northwind/Northwind.svc/Products(1)/Order_Details.
You should see that the resulting resource is a feed, a collection of entries representing the orders relating to the product specified.
Finally, use the OData system query option $count to retrieve the number of order details, rather than the order details themselves. Append $count onto the end of the existing URL like this:
https://services.odata.org/V3/Northwind/Northwind.svc/Products(1)/Order_Details/$count
How many order details are there for the specific product?


text:
Return to main Vanishing B.C. page Return to home page
This page last updated September 9, 2015
© Michael Kluckner
Jump to the section on the Hope-Princeton highway
Above: Camp Defiance, late summer, 2000; right: another sketch in late November, 2002. It hadn't occurred to me until I did the sketch at right that Bill Robinson's little Shangri-la was in the blue gloom of the mountains from mid-November until February. No sun penetrates down into the valley for those few months of the year.
Written in 2001: Along Sumallo Creek just inside Manning Park at Mile 22 on the Hope-Princeton highway, there stand two cabins that are gradually disappearing into the gloomy, damp underbrush. They have been abandoned for as long as I can remember (about 40 years of driving by them on the way to the Interior). They are of a quality beyond the typical drifter's shack, particularly the cabin with the stone chimney, indicating that the builder had some money and was intending to stick around for a while. The legend is that they were the accommodation for the Foundation Mine, which did some placer work and perhaps had a hard-rock mine back in the hills. It was better known as Camp Defiance, the home of Bill Robinson.
From Craig Wilson, 2015: After driving past the Robinson cabin twice a month for almost 2 years i figured i should stop and check it out while the river is still passable! The river was running fast and the water was cold, so i figured i should seize the opportunity as in another month or two it may be faster and colder still. i took some pictures of the out buildings and the interior of the cabin. The cabin is still going strong. You can tell it was built to last! as previously mentioned, the outbuildings didn't suffer as well due to that slide. I was surprised to see actual plywood in there. I guess i thought it was older. that slide is impressive too. you can see how far it came down the mountain.
Update September 2013: After hearing from Todd Lester (below), I went by for the first time in years and found ...
... a memorial bouquet of plastic flowers, with the slide path high up on the mountain in the background, and
... the main cabin still standing in the thicket, so it was just missed by the slide.
From Todd Lester, 2013: I thought that you would be interested in knowing that there has been some natural occurring damage to the lower building at Camp Defiance. We noticed that, upon passing the site on May 15th, a small landslide has cut directly through the site and destroyed the smaller building. There are remnants of it just above the river bank, but for the most part, it is gone.
Bill Robinson and the Foundation Mine aka "Camp Defiance"
From Tom Hodgson, 2001: "I am a retired mechanic living in Cranbrook, British Columbia and was interested in your comments over the CBC this afternoon. I worked at Allison Pass from 1953 till 1961 and drove to Hope several times a week so although I never did leave the highway and go down to the cabins you mentioned they were the topic of conversation amongst the highways crew that I worked with so the information should be considered second hand but may serve to confirm some other impressions you have or will get. The inhabitant of the cabin was Bill Robinson who had been there since the First World War. (The Dewdney Trail went right past his door so he wasn't as isolated as one might imagine.) I don't know what mineral he thought he had but Canam Mine was a development just east of him and that was based on copper--as one was driving east at the 21-mile hill [just east of Bill's cabins] the clearing for a tramway was visible on the side of the mountain so at various times considerable money was spent on the development of the Canam property (but to my knowledge no ore was ever shipped). The existence of the massive copper deposits in the Copper Mountain area near Princeton was undoubtedly used by promoters to raise the capital for such endeavours. Foundation Mines had no such efforts at development. I often used Bill Robinson as an example to my kids of the reality that no matter how convinced you are or how sincere you might be if that confidence is not based on fact you can end up investing your life and not gaining your goal. One of the truck drivers was telling us that Bill had had a bad night – apparently a bear tried to get in his cabin one night so Bill took the frying pan and started beating on it. While he made noise the bear stopped tearing at the shakes on the roof but as soon as he stopped the bear started again so he hadn't gotten too much sleep. Bears in that area had learned the value of trappers' food caches and were smart enough to crush tin cans and suck the contents out so Bill's visitor had an idea of what he was after."
Detail of map from Vanishing British Columbia
Photo by Lucien Campeau of Camp Defiance in the 1950s or 1960s.
The amateur historian Rev. John C. Goodfellow left an account of an encounter with Robinson during a hike from Princeton to Hope in 1929 [The Old Hope Trail by Rev. John C. Goodfellow. Museum and Art Notes Vol IV, No 2 June 1929 (Art, Historical and Scientific Association of Vancouver, B.C.)]:
They were travelling east to west: "We had not far to go before we came to the Skagit trail, on our left [the 1858 Whatcom Trail to Belllingham]. After a while we crossed another bridge and came to the first real signs of civilization we had met since leaving the Overland [car] at Nine Mile Bridge. This was Camp Defiance, a comfortable log home, and a garden. We walked right in, and received a royal welcome from a man named Robinson, who proved to be a friend of Mac's [one of the party]. Our next objective was M. le Farge's cabin at 19-Mile (i.e. 19 miles from Hope). Le Farge is a little man with broad shoulders. Mac said he left France in 1884, came to New Orlenas, and eventually became a chief in some big establishment there. He was really glad to see us, and insisted that we stay for supper with him. He had had bad luck the previous year; wasted a lot of shot; the coyotes had robbed his trap-lines; and the "bugs" had played havoc with his little garden. But for all that he proved a good chef, and an excellent entertainer."
I don't know anything about Le Farge's cabin--I presume it's dust.
The legendary newspaperman Bruce Hutchinson wrote an article called "To the Okanagan in a Day" (Province Sunday Magazine, August 30, 1931, p.10), extolling the benefits of a modern roadway through the Hope Mountains. He was travelling east to west, and described his arrival at Camp Defiance:
"We are descending now, but still by easy grades, and soon we are down beside the green waters of Sumallo. Here, on the boiling stream's edge, is the first house we have seen all day, the big log house of Bill Robinson, whom people call the old 'Flintlock of Sumallo.'
"Bill Robinson's well-named Camp Defiance is almost the farthest thrust of civilization into these mountains. His little garden of strawberries, of lettuce and potatoes, his six petunias and eight Sweet Williams, in the narrow gorge between the mountain and the stream, are a welcome sight to those who have just come out of the wilderness. And so are the big, firm trout that Bill caught at his back door last night, and the pie made from his late-ripening strawberries."
From Peter Flynn, 2003: I own an old Land and Forests map – it's about 1939 – which has the old Dewdney Trail, HBC Trail, etc. on it. This map was in a house that my parents rented in Hope on the Coquihalla River, which has since burnt down. On the map, there was printing in pencil on the Dewdney Trail, just past what is now Sunshine Valley, but it wasn't until I read on your site of the exploits of Bill Robinson that I was able to decipher the printing on the map as "Bill Robinson's Cabin." I found that pretty interesting. It is also very interesting, because in the Pioneer's book on Hope, called "Forging a New Hope," there is no mention of Bill Robinson or Mary Warburton. About twenty years ago, I did go down to Bill Robinson's cabins; there was a river rock fire place then, but I don't think there is much left of the place now.
Note from Len McIver, 2004: I grew up in Hope, B.C. where my father, Leo F. McIver, worked many jobs on the highways in and around Hope in the 50's and 60's. His work as a driver for Henry Hockin Bulk Esso out of Hope and later for the Dept. of Highways out of Allison Pass, gave him intimate contact with the businessmen and pioneers that worked the Hope-Princeton corridor. In short, he became a friend of Bill Robinson - proprietor of Foundation Mine.
I can remember going out to the cabins on weekends where Bill and a number of cronies (Dave & Marg Campbell, Grant & Hilda Gibson, Bert Scott and another trapper/prospector Bill Jamieson - who also had a lovely cabin on 9 mile hill, wiped out in the Hope Slide in 1965), along with my dad and mom, would tell stories, fish, drink and dream. I remember pulling off Hwy 3 at about 21 mile on a slight bend on an upgrade, then driving into the bush on a narrow road with branches slapping both sides of our vehicle; then crossing a very narrow log/plank bridge...then driving maybe 1/4-1/2 mile on the other side of the creek to the site of the buildings. As one of your other commentors on this piece, I too remember 3 buildings... a cook/bunk house, a wood/storage shed and a cabin (possibly Bill's old cabin?). We sometimes stayed over-night burning coal-oil for the lamps and wood in the rock fireplace. During the days we fished or picked huckleberries (depending on the season).
While searching through my father's WWII "stuff" (at the time of the Juno Beach celebrations), I came across an old share certificate of 500 shares of Foundation Mine. I remember dad having it back in the 60's and was pleased to see that I had kept it with his "stuff" after he passed away in 1972.
And, as it turns out – thanks to Len McIver for locating them – photos were long ago collected and published about the bachelors and eccentrics of the area . . . .
Photographs from "Forging a New Hope", published in 1984 by the Hope & District Historical Society
From Merlin Williams, 2011: My dad's signature (Al Williams) appears on the photo of a share of Foundation Mines on your site. He, my mother (Anne Williams) and Bill were great friends and we many times stayed at Bill's place, fished in the river, etc. I helped do some of the last surface drilling ever done for Foundation Mines before it closed down due to the park. The main site for exploration was up the mountain and on the other side of the Hope Princeton Highway from the camp.
Note from Andrena Ryznar, 2003: I have a cabin at East Gate just outside of Manning Park and I have passed those cabins thousands of times over the past 30 years. I do however wonder if you can confirm something for me. My memory is not great, but I do remember there being three cabins, not just two. My father may even have a picture of them. I have also seen a picture of them in an issue of Beautiful B.C. magazine, but that was probably at least 10 years ago. If you find anything out about the third cabin that was more toward the creek that runs in between the cabins and the highway, I would be very grateful.
The Hope-Princeton Highway, etc.
2013: Jeff at ClarkGeomatics.ca sent along a copy of his new Manning Park/Skagit Valley map, which includes sites identified in "Vanishing British Columbia."
From Susan Marles, 2012: My father, Doug Willis (later of Willis and Cunliffe Consulting Engineers), was the chief surfacing engineer for the dep't of Highways, he was one of the engineers who surveyed and designed most of the postwar B.C highways and some major bridges during the period 1948 to 1964.
This trail was built early in the century by Charlie Bonnevier as a pack-horse route to the ridge which now bears his name (somewhere beyond the Manning Park Lodge). This old route was well-known until 1939. It was ultimately a trail to the Similkameen Valley anTd the Okanagan etc. The Dewdney Trail was the part that joined the Bonnevier trail from the Fraser Valley and went over the Pass. As a kid, we used to stop along the road to hike a piece of the trail and have lunch (this was a trip from Victoria to Osoyoos, B.C.)
Opening of the Allison pass summit, Hope-Princeton Highway Completion, 1949, from Susan Marles...
Allison Pass Gateway
2. Politicians (L to R), unidentified, "Boss" Johnson (B.C. Premier, Liberal), E.C. Carson, Minister of Highways.
Overview of attendees. Identified: just rear of Mr. Harry Hayne (in the white hat, also a civil engineer) Neil McCallum, supervising civil engineer talking to his assistant and project engineer for the Hope-Princeton project, D.T Willis (my father).
Presentations to the honorary guest, Charles Bonnevier, whose pack horse trail was the foundation for the route for the highway over the summit and into the Similkameen valley. Premier Johnson on the left, E.C. Carson on the right. Mr. Bonnevier unlocked the gate.
Equipment display for highway maintenance and the line-up of cars waiting to take the first drive.
Forest fires were a regular occurrence in the Hope-Princeton area, and bedevilled travellers on the Dewdney Trail including Susan Allison, who remarked on her narrow escape from one in her memoirs (A Pioneer Gentlewoman in British Columbia: The Recollections of Susan Allison, ed. Margaret Ormsby, UBC Press, Vancouver, 1976.) The most notorious fire in my memory swept through the valley below (to the west of) Allison Pass in the late 1950s, prompting the erection of the "gallows," which lasted for years, and a burnt-over landscape that took nearly 40 years to heal. Postcard by the Coast Publishing Company, Vancouver, about 1960, photographer unknown.
The Dewdney Trail
The Hope-Princeton highway didn't open until November 2, 1949, but trails had existed across the mountains for millenia. The Dewdney Trail, just north of the 49th parallel from the expansionist Americans, was actually the second one post-contact (or the third one if you count the Hudson's Bay Company's brigade trail that crossed the mountains further north, intersecting with the Fraser River at Spuzzum). The earlier trail, Alexander C. Anderson's route of 1845, went from Hope via the Coquihalla, Nicolum, Sumallo and Skagit Rivers, then up Snass Creek to a small lake that Anderson named the "Punch Bowl." From there, he followed the Tulameen River through Paradise Valley, eventually joining the Similkameen River at the present site of Princeton, then known as Vermillion Forks.
The Dewdney Trail was commissioned by Governor James Douglas in 1860 in response to the discovery of gold in the Okanagan-Boundary region--an area much more easily accessible from the USA than it was from the only British population centre at New Westminster. Edgar Dewdney was an English civilian surveyor only three months in the colony, hired to blaze the trail under supervision of the Royal Engineers. Dewdney eventually extended the trail all the way to Fort Steele in the east Kootenays following the 1865 gold rush there, but that portion of the trail saw little use as the supply routes running north from Washington were so much simpler. Riding the Dewdney Trail through the Hope Mountains soon after its completion, Douglas wrote that the journey could without exaggeration be compared to "the passage of the Alps." [James Douglas papers, British Columbia Historical Quarterly, vol. 2, 1938, p.81] Among the significant historic personages who used the trail were, in 1883, General William Tecumseh Sherman leading a party of 81 including a military escort of 60 men, 66 horses and 79 mules, who crossed BC in order to reenter the US to subdue Indian uprisings in the American Northwest.Some years later, a hunting party consisting of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, with 6 gentlemen and 6 servants and a train of 14 saddle horses and 10 pack horses provided by Thomas Ellis of Penticton, used the trail; the archduke's assasination in 1914 sparked the declaration of the First World War. [The Dewdney Trail, by Kathleen Stuart Dewdney. Okanagan Historical Society Report, vol. 22, 1958.]
The Dewdney Trail followed the Coquihalla River for a short distance east of Hope, then swung southeast along Nicolum Creek. At the headwaters of the latter, it crossed a divide (the Hope Slide and Sunshine Valley-Tashme area), then followed Sumallo Creek southeasterly past the Camp Defiance site. According to Old Park Trails in the Proposed Cascade Wilderness (Okanagan-Similkameen Parks Series, 1978), the Dewdney Trail followed Snass Creek and passed to the north of Snass Mountain, while the later Hope Trail followed Skaist Creek and passed to the south. Both used Whipsaw Creek, on the eastern side of the mountain pass, to reach the Similkameen and the rangelands to the east. Bob Pelley, whose Pelley Ranch was a landmark on the "5-Mile" northeast of Princeton, drove cattle over the Hope Trail as late as the 1940s.
More than 40 years after the initial trail was finished, in 1901, Premier James Dunsmuir commissioned Dewdney to again survey a path through the Hope Mountains, this time for a possible route for a railway. Dewdney looked for easier grades, following his old route until he got to Skaist Creek, but then continuing southeast along the Skagit and crossing Allison Pass. He then descended Memaloose Creek to where it joined the Similkameen River, and from there followed the latter all the way to Princeton. Dewdney's 1901 survey is the route followed by the Hope-Princeton highway.
Allison Pass is named for John and Susan Allison, who used the Dewdney Trail in the 1860s and 1870s to reach their homestead near Princeton. Curiously, my oldest map, a 1914 provincial government Lands Department map at a scale of 4 miles to the inch, shows no established trail through Allison Pass. But it does show (as well as the Dewdney Trail) an established trail running along the Similkameen River all the way to Princeton from the area that today is the Manning Park headquarters. Interestingly, this trail continues due west from Cambie Creek through the Gibson's Pass (today's cross-country and downhill skiing area in Manning Park), then descends Nepopekum Creek on the south side of Steamboat Mountain (past an intriguing dot on the map called Jarvis) before swinging to the northwest along the Skagit River, then heading upstream along the Klesilkwa River to its headwaters, crossing yet another divide before picking up Silver Creek, which descends through the mountains and drains into the Fraser River just west of Hope. The 1914 map shows quite a number of preemptions, indicating perhaps some attempts at settlement, along this very southerly route.
Note from Steven Henslow: My memories of the Hope Princeton highway go back to the days when it was a dirt road - they were just starting the construction of the PAVED WOW highway in 1950. I remember that mine well I recall seeing the people and I have climbed up to the old "diggings" you can still get some gold if your patient. I read an interesting passage in Mrs. Alison's diary about how she had dinner with General Sherman. I have spent a great deal of time trying to trace what he was doing here. My father was the manager of an insurance company that was insuring the many mines and logging camps in the province inspecting for liability, and fire insurance. Some of my wife's relatives grew up in Hedley. I got some great stories at a family reunion a couple of years ago. I was also one the last people to see the famous Phoenix hotel before Granby mines destroyed the rest of the town.
My interest in B.C. history goes back to 1951 when my parents bought a piece of the Lacey Ranch in Osoyoos. We were fortunate to come to know the Lacey's well and I spent many nights listening to Mrs. Lacey tell stories of live in Phoenix - they bought the ranch after the Phoenix copper mine shut down . I am currently am researching one of Phoenix's more colourful characters that I recall Mrs. Lacey talking about it was either John or Patrick O'Shea. When we told her were were going up to Phoenix she asked that we please check his grave and let her know if we could find it. We had no problem finding it. She proceeded to tell about him - the Bo Jangles of Phoenix I would call him. There was not a lady in town that did not want to get on a dance floor with him. He was forewman who was killed in one of the too many accidents that happened in those days.
Just think of this. A boat load of silk is spotted at the head of the Alberni canal. Bon fires are lit along the canal to let the CPR know a shipmentof silk is arriving. A train special "silk train" is ready to meet the boat. Guards are notifed to guard every crossing as the NON STOP train travels to Halifax. The silk is sent to Paris and made into gowns. Those gowns are shipped back to Phoenix - along with Champagne and other delights, for the annual ball every year. The great battle at Midway is another great B.C. history piece, along with how 5 Crows - chief of the Cayuse saved the northern section of the Columbia River from becoming part of the Oregon
territory. I have hiked all over this province. To this day the best trail designed trail I ever hiked is the Dewdney.
The search for Mary Warburton
Bill Robinson was known to all the packers and hikers who used the Dewdney Trail. His name appears in the accounts of the one great event that happened to the Dewdney Trail in the 20th century--the search for hiker Mary Warburton.
Mary Warburton came to Canada from England in the 1920s when she was in her late 50s, and settled in Vancouver where her brother lived. She was a nurse, working mainly in private homes. In August, 1926, she completed a long nursing session with a terminally ill patient and decided to take a working vacation as a fruit picker in the Okanagan. She determined to walk from Hope to Princeton and camp along the way. Wearing a khaki shirt, breeches and a wide-brimmed hat, with sturdy canvas shoes, she arrived in Hope on August 24 and discussed her plans with the local provincial policeman, then left behind her groundsheet to lighten her load as good weather was forecast. She apparently despised overeating, so carried 4 packets of Ryecrisp, a half pound each of bacon, butter and cheese, a pound of raisins, 2 oz. of almonds and some tea, plus a pack of cards. Her estimated hiking time was 3 or 4 days. A frying pan, a billy, a spoon and a single-bladed pocket knife, plus a sketch map of the area and a compass, completed her kit.
On August 26, according to writer Joan Greenwood, "she came to Bill Robinson's cabin, 23 miles from Hope. It was early morning and Bill was still in his bunk. She rapped on his door but did not wait for an answer and by the time Bill had pulled on his trousers and opened up he was only in time to see her brisk figure disappearing towards the east. Later, while investigating a mining claim, he saw her footprints near Snass Creek." Days later, after hearing of her disappearance, he compared notes with another prospector named White who had also seen her. A packer named Alf Allison had passed her on the way out and expected to catch her up on his way back to Princeton but missed her; he reported it and a search began, joined by Miss Warburton's brother from Vancouver. On September 16, three weeks after she'd last been seen, a four-inch snowfall covered the mountains. Eventually, after becoming hopelessly lost in the Paradise Valley area, she stumbled onto the cabin--"a rough cedar slab shelter"--of a Princeton oldtimer known as Willard Alfred "Podunk" Davis. He had left matches inside a piece of paper in a tobacco tin in the cabin. Desperately wet and cold, she lit a fire but managed to set the shack alight. Evidence of the recently burned cabin rekindled the search for her (sorry about the pun), and eventually she was found by Davis and Const. Dougherty of the Provincial Police. [The amazing story of Nurse Mary Warburton: survival and rescue in the wilds of B.C. by Joan Greenwood, Okanagan Historical Society, vol. 46, 1982]
The area of the Paradise Valley near the headwaters of the Tulameen River has been named Warburton Park, and there are interpretive panels in the Manning Park headquarters office. Podunk Creek drains into the Tulameen River nearby.
From Les Needham, 2014: Mary Warburton, who was lost on the trail from Hope to Princeton was my Great Aunt. In 1931 she was again lost in the Squamish area and never found. At the time I believe she was living in Vancouver with her Brother. Have you any idea of her brother's name?
From Kim at James Bay Coffee and Books in Victoria: I am the great-great niece of Podunk Davis, who's brother Pete was my great grandfather. My name is Kim Elizabeth Willoughby and I own a used bookstore/coffee shop/music venue in Victoria. Podunk keeps an eye on the main room for me. He's in the original frame that I rescued from my parents garage and dusted off.
Further historical notes on the Dewdney Trail
Fur Brigades from the districts of New Caledonia in the north, the Thompson River, and Fort Colvile in the south, comprising 400 or more horses, converged on Fort Hope, which was established in 1848, two years after the signing of the Oregon Treaty with the US. As the brigades had to be rerouted away from the Columbia, which had become American territory, the Hudson's Bay Company had them converge on the Fraser. In 1846, A.C. Anderson, in charge at Fort Alexandria, was ordered to find a suitable route from Fort Kamloops to Fort Langley. He first explored the chain of lakes and possible routes between Lillooet and Harrison Lake; then, he returned via the Fraser, following the Coquihalla for 23 miles before turning southeasterly to ascend Nicolum and Sumallo creeks as far as the Sumallo's junction with the Skagit. (A Pioneer Gentlewoman in British Columbia: The Recollections of Susan Allison, ed. Margaret Ormsby, UBC Press, Vancouver, 1976, page xiii)
Two years later, Henry N. Peers, who had built Fort Langley, marked out a zigzag route on Manson Ridge, the tall rockface just east of Hope named after Chief Trader Donald Manson (1798-1880), superintendent of New Caledonia from 1844 to 1856, who had taken part in exploring the Hope-Similkameen area for the brigade route in 1846-9. The Manson Ridge route was barely passable due to its steepness and snow cover but it was much shorter than Anderson's. Brigades began using it in 1849. (ibid, page 126 notes).
While the furs were being discharged from the horse brigades and loaded onto boats to be taken to Fort Langley, the chief factors of the three districts held their annual meeting Meanwhile the outfits for the interior posts were being made up into bundles of food, clothing, and trade goods. When all was ready, bundles weighing from 80 to 100 pounds each were slung on the sides of the horses. According to Edgar Dewdney, "It took a week or two to put things into shape, and all the employees and the packers had a very strenuous time of it. When all the packs were made up and things were in shape for the return journey, the fun commenced, and the Indians and voyageurs put on their best clothes, the half-breeds and some of the officials in their leather dresses and beads with streamers of all colors from the hats. Hope looked gay in those days. Dancing and horse racing were the principal amusements. Everything was very orderly, and I have rarely seen any trouble on those occasions." (R.E. Gosnell, "Buildilng the Dewdney Trail as told by the Builder," Victoria Daily Times, Nov 21, 1908.
On June 26, 1860, a party staked by Governor James Douglas and led by John Fall Allison set out from Hope for the Similkameen to prospect. Douglas went on a lengthy inspection of the interior including Lytton, Fort Kamloops, the Nicola Valley, the Similkameen Valley and the southern part of the Okanagan which made him enthusiastic about the prospects for agriculture. He ordered Peter O'Reilly to lay out a townsite at the Vermilion Forks--the junction of the Tulameen and the Similkameen. Then, when he returned, Douglas made preparations to have the Queen's Trail, as he called it--a mule trail 70 miles long--blazed from Hope to Vermilion Forks. Edgar Dewdney and Walter Moberly obtained the contract. That October, Sergeant William McColl of the Royal Engineers surveyed the trail route from Punch Bowl Pass on the Brigade Trail down Whipsaw Creek to Princeton (which Douglas had just named). It had a much better gradiant than the Brigade Trail. (A Pioneer Gentlewoman, page xix).
That September, Governor Douglas visited the diggings at Rock Creek and decided to have a wagon road built from Hope to offset the competition at the mines from imports from Oregon. In 1861, Dewdney and Moberly built the first seven miles of it (ibid, page 122 notes). But the plans to continue it were cancelled in September 1861 when Douglas decided instead to focus resources on a road to the Cariboo. At Yale in 1862 the Royal Engineers began road construction. Hope soon lost its importance to Yale, the head of navigation on the Fraser River (ibid, page xxi).
Hope itself has a very active arts community, gallery and museum. See the Hope Chamber of Commerce site for details on events and opening hours.
Return to Vanishing B.C. main page
Artwork and text ©Michael Kluckner, 2001


text:
Vladimir Guerrero Jr. and his rivals for the Triple Crown
Vladimir Guerrero Jr. is one of the best players Major League baseball (MLB) currently has, and the Toronto Blue Jays serve as the lucky team to have his services and to be the possible witness to an incredible feat.
The Dominican has not only shown incredible strength when standing at the plate, but has also reflected great consistency to become a very complete hitter, worthy of being in the majors.
Guerrero Jr. can get her out of the park, hitting hits, doubles and driving runs. It is simply an all in one, and precisely, his performance so far this campaign allows him to fight from 'you to you' to obtain the Triple Crown.
You can also read: Cuba announces its team to compete in the Caribbean Series 2017
Vladimir Guerrero and the fight for the Triple Crown
Currently, Vladimir Guerrero Jr. is fighting Salvador Pérez, hand-to-hand in RBIs and home runs. However, the Venezuelan is very far in batting average (.272) compared to the Dominican (115).
If he achieved this feat, Guerrero Jr. would become the youngest Triple Crown winner in the history of the Major Leagues, both in the American League and in the National League, because at 22 he would break the schemes of the Big Top. . (Bolavip)
Julio César Chávez affirms that today there would not be enough money to pay him
Westbrook says his role at the Lakers is to "make the game" for LeBron


Join us for this very exclusive ladies night for a 101 on 'professional style'.
Kate Sylvester is a New Zealand designer who designs conceptual collections that embody intelligence, witty irreverence, sophistication and modern femininity. The brand's retail manager will teach you how to dress work appropriate with style.
The Bobbi Brown Team will teach you the makeup tips and techniques to perfect the art of looking professional, as well as how to transition your look from day to night. They have the perfect products and advice to help you look and feel your best. You'll be sure to learn a trick or two.
This will be a lovely evening with Little Bird Organic's cold pressed juices, herbal teas and delicious raw desserts provided.
Doors open at 7.00 pm for a 7:30pm start.


text:
RUCST | Trust celebrates International Women's Day
Over the past week Rotherham United Community Trust has been celebrating the achievements of women and girls in football.
Celebrations started with their home game against Aston Villa on the 4th March where they invited partner clubs and their own female teams to get involved in the match day activities. This included the U11's team playing a community game at the half time interval, young players being ball-girls, and over 100 girls doing a lap of honour at half time.
Following this, each female member of Rotherham United staff took part in an interview where they talked about their role within the trust (the interviews can be found online). We caught up with Megan Higgins, Women and Girls' Coordinator at Rotherham United Community Trust who said: "Working in a predominately male environment, we wanted to promote the importance of females within our Trust, we also wanted to highlight the job opportunities available for ladies at a football club".
International Women's Day took place on Wednesday 8th March and Rotherham United Community Trust continued supporting the cause by engaging local primary school girls in a 'fun filled girl power day'.
Organised and lead by Megan, she wanted to incorporate lots of different activities for the girls: "We split the day in to two different sections, in the morning we held a fun activity session with six stations and throughout the afternoon a female football tournament".
The football stations focused on health and well-being, as well as developing football skills. The day was topped off by a surprise visit from England U23 and Chelsea player, Beth England who got involved in photographs, auto-graph signing, and a Q&A with the players.
Rotherham United hope to continue to inspire women and girls through their multiple sports programmes by highlighting opportunities for women to get involved in sport in the local community. Megan also added "We hope by promoting our International Women's Day, we inspire other females to take part and explore all of the sporting opportunities available for them".
For further information about other Rotherham United Community Trust programmes, please contact Megan Higgins on mhiggins@rotherhamunited.net or visit www.rucst.co.uk.
The Community Trust are welcoming women to get involved in their latest programme 'Fit for Summer' which takes place every Tuesday 5:00-6:00 pm at the stadium (flyer below).
Bethany England is pictured with Miller Bear and the girls who took part in the day's event.


text:
Adventist Review
ARtv
KidsView
My Church
Brazil Adventist University Opens Counseling Clinic to Support the Community
September 17 / News / No Comments / SAD • • / Thainá Reis and Theillyson Lima, South American Division, and Adventist Review
Facility will provide training and service opportunities for students.
Published on: 09-17-2021
Brazil Adventist University recently inaugurated a counseling center on the school campus in Engenheiro Coelho, São Paulo. The opening ceremony took place on August 27, 2021, the same day that the South American nation celebrates Psychologists Day.
The new facility will serve as a practical study center for students enrolled in the psychology program at the school and offer free counseling services to the community, academic leaders said.
The celebration was broadcast live on the Brazil Adventist University YouTube channel and was attended by school officials and Engenheiro Coelho deputy mayor Adesio Dias, as well as university faculty, staff, and students.
Brazil Adventist University launched an initiative in 2017 that included a program to improve people's mental health. A year later, Brazil's national education department approved the plan, which today has around 300 students in it. The new clinic is the latest addition to that initial dream to support the community.
School officials shared that students will now be able to participate in the counseling services of the clinic under the direct supervision of the program's professors.
Reception desk of the new Brazil Adventist University counseling clinic that will provide mental health support and care to area schools, churches, and communities in Engenheiro Coelho, São Paulo, Brazil. [Photo: Brazil Adventist University]
Student Kassandra Vargas said she was curious to get to know the new facility. She said that she thinks it will be an excellent opportunity for improved learning. "The psychology program at Brazil Adventist University is different from other schools, where an internship is included only at the end of the program," Vargas explained. "Here, we can have the opportunity of practicing from our first year!"
Professor and program coordinator Ivana Casali highlighted the importance of the new facility. "The clinic will allow students to participate in internships, group activities, observations, interviews, and, eventually, individual care," she said. "This is something that helps their training but also helps residents of this and nearby communities."
Leaders shared that the clinic will assist children, teenagers, young adults, adults, and the elderly, offering individual and group psychological care. It will take into account the needs of each patient and the school and city requirements. Cooperation agreements have already been signed with towns in the area and Seventh-day Adventist Church entities. The goal, leaders explained, is especially to assist schools and churches, as well as day care, health, and community centers.
Brazilian Adventist University president Martin Kuhn shared what leaders and professors feel about the achievement. "We feel joy, gratitude, and a sense of fulfillment. We feel we have fulfilled our mission, which is to educate and serve," Kuhn said.
The new clinic has rooms for individual and group care, which will be used for student observation and clinical sharing during internships. It also includes specialized and private space for student supervision and administration of psychological tests.
Student Ingryd Mayara highlighted the academic and social contribution of the new facilities. "This space will help us to enjoy closer contact with people, which is the focus of our profession," Mayara said. "Through these interactions, we hopefully will learn what it is to be a psychologist."
The original version of this story was posted on the South American Division Portuguese-language news site.
Thainá Reis and Theillyson Lima, South American Division, and Adventist Review
Contributing Writer • USA
To bind together the Adventist people as we wait for Jesus to come back, by sharing news and information about the church plus articles on doctrine, spiritual growth and mission.
Japanese Adventist Opens a Fun and Safe Space for Kids in Tokyo
August 14 / NSD • • / Ricky Oliveras, Adventist Mission
A Behind-the-Scenes Look at GC Session 2022
May 20 / GC • • / Maryellen Hacko, Adventist News Network
The Leadership Priority
December 27 / Randy Siebold and Erich Baumgartner
Pentecostal Power
May 22 / Clinton Wahlen
Church Regional Conference Leaders Visit the U.S.-Mexico Border
July 30 / NAD • • / Debbie Michel
Creation Sabbath Website Updated in Time for October Event
September 10 / GC • • / Geoscience Research Institute
Adventist World Signup - Footer
RECEIVE THE WEEKLY NEWSLETTER
World Church
AR Audio (Podcasts)
© 2020 Adventist World


This holiday home is situated in a serene location with a terrific view of the sea and the Cres Island. This home is beautifully furnished with artistic details and is most ideal for a holiday. There are terraces and balconies on all sides of the house and you can find shade as well as sunlight in all the corners. This home is stretched over three floors connected by an internal staircase. However it is also accessible from outside. The second floor is also the top-most floor with minimum ceiling height of 200 cm. A steep path leads to the beach, which is accessible only by foot, thus making it unsuitable for aged people and small children. A beautiful beach in Brsec is accessible by car. Also visit the attractive beaches in Moscenicka Draga and Medveja. Do visit the various tourist attractions and taste the rich dining options in Opatija. Late in the evenings, you can take a stroll along the beach boardwalk. The boardwalk stretches up to 12 km from Volosko to Lovran. Do visit Istria and savour the local wines and traditional food specialities of this region. The friendly landlord stays close by. The last stretch of 60 metres of the narrow access road is not paved.


Jun 7, 2017 . taxila crushing machine manufacturer in pakistan . SBM offer crusher, companies in taxila crushing machines manufacturers plant in china. Contact US quarry companies in pakistan Cake Studio. stone crushers company in pakistan china quarry. Companies Manufacturing Crushing Plant In Pakistan Soft stone crusher,used crushingplant .
Stone Crushing Machine In Karachi Pakistan. quarry machine and crusher plant sale in karachi sindh. rock crusher machine in karachi oct crush stone machine in karachi pakistan mining crushing grinding crush .
Choose from 166 listings to find the best priced Crushing Plants by . Whether you need a used rock crusher for sale, a concrete crusher,. Contact US Stone Crushing Plant Prices In Pakistan. Stone Crusher machine used for Crushing plant in Pakistan. Stone . Stone crusher plant, which can also be called rock crushing plant, includes vibrating .
pakistan crush plant and machine SZM. megnetite iron ore benefiion machine macimpianti,pakistan crush plant and machine As a leading global manufacturer of crushing, grinding and mining 2016 Hot Sale Rock Crushing Plant Price Indonesia In . .
Stone Crusher machine used for Crushing plant in Pakistan. Stone crusher machine manufacturer in China, SBM offer crusher equipments for sale used for complete crushing plant in Pakistan. Chat Now; crusher machine for sale in pakistan. Pakistan Crusher, Pakistan Crusher Suppliers and Manufacturers Directory - Source a Large .
Stone Crusher Machine Used For Crushing Plant In Pakistan. stone crusher machine manufacturer in china, a offer crusher equipments for sale used for complete crushing plant in pakistan. crusher plant equipment parts menufecturer in pakistan.
Hassan comes from Pakistan and wants to set up a limestone crushing plant at their local town. About half a year ago, Hassan found us at our official website and was attracted by our comprehensive products. According to the customer's demand, the processing capacity of the crushing plant .
pakistan stone crusher machine price - geogenesis. price of stone crusher machine in pakistan. Used stone crusher machine for sale Mining used stone crusher for sale Double stone crushing plant .
Dec 08, 2016 · stone crusher machine plant for sale in pakistan coal crusher net for complete crushing plant in Pakistan. price of stone crusher machine in pakistan, stone crushing .
soybean crush plant,machine Equipment for sale india china . soybean crush plant,machine Equipment for sale india china Crushing and grinding machine supplier in all of the world: . Get Price! used in stone,gold,sand,coal .
Stone Crusher Plant Made in Pakistan Price. XSM is one of China's largest crusher and milling machine manufacturers, has the most advanced crushing and milling machine .
crusher machine results on looksmart | crusher plant,and jaw crushr,cone crusher,impact crusher,vsi5x,gyratory crusher in pakistan for sale, quarry .
Nov 21, 2018 · More Details : wwa.stonecrushersolution/solutions/solutions.html small stone crusher machine in pakistanrequest a quotation. sand stone grinding e.
masala grinding machine price in lahore pakistan– Rock Crusher Mill parts . Meat Grinder prices in pakistan, price list of Meat Grinder in Pakistan. Request Quotation. lizenithne plant Price,lizenithne plant for sale india lizenithne plant for sale india. Lizenithne Crusher Cement Plant Supplier India Lizenithne Crusher Cement Plant .
Crusher And Grinding Mill Price In Pakistan - . crusher and grinding mill price in pakistan. masala grinding machine price in lahore pakistan rock crusher mill hummer crusher price in pakistan stone crushing plant .
stone crush machine price in pakistan Stone Crusher Plant Made in Pakistan Price. is one of China's largest crusher and milling Small Portable Stone. Crush Machine Price In Pakistan cz-eu.
Pakistan Aggregate Gravel Production Machine Stone Crusher Plant, US 3,000 - 50,000 / Set, New, Cone Crusher, Mining Quarry Road Building Construction.Source from Guangzhou Yonran Machinery Co., Ltd. on Alibaba.


text:
San Antonio Express-News - 15 Dec 09 09
Prof. Robert B. Laughlin
Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
http://www.mysanantonio.com/news/local_news/79283092.html
(Copied 16 Dec 09)
Nuclear Could Still Edge Out Gas
By Anton Caputo
If CPS Energy can build its proposed nuclear expansion project for less than $13.9 billion before financing, it would be more cost-effective than natural gas in the long run, utility executives said Monday.
That figure, revealed at a board meeting, is the break-even point between natural gas and nuclear, according to a new analysis.
It's a number the utility has kept under wraps for months as it negotiated the nuclear deal with contactor Toshiba Inc. But utility officials rolled out the comparison in the wake of a recent debacle on a nuclear cost estimate that has put the project on life support.
The comparison looks at the two power choices over decades. It factors in the cost of building a plant as well as the projected price of fuel and a potential federal tax on the global warming gas carbon dioxide.
But even if nuclear is less than the $13.9 billion when CPS announces a new cost estimate next month, that is no guarantee the project can be built and still allow the utility to meet its affordability pledge to the community, Chief Financial Officer Paula Gold-Williams said.
That pledge is for bill increases of no more than 5 percent every other year.
That promise, which the utility made at community meetings this summer, assumed a much lower nuclear price tag of about $10 billion before financing. Financing costs add roughly $3 billion to the project, which CPS is working on with New Jersey-based partner NRG Energy.
The utility is recalculating the rate impacts of all proposed power projects, Gold-Williams said, but keeping the pledge while building a nuclear project for anything near $13.9 billion, plus financing, would be "challenging."
Those billions would build two more reactors of roughly 1,350 megawatts each at the nuclear South Texas Project outside Bay City. A 593-megawatt natural gas plant, by comparison, would cost $619 million.
"I definitely feel it's a valuable project," Gold-Williams said of the proposed nuclear deal. "Whether or not it's right for us is another question."
CPS made the break-even point between nuclear and natural gas public about a month before its board of trustees and the City Council are supposed to decide whether to go ahead with the nuclear project.
The other option is to pull the plug after spending roughly $375 million on planning and engineering. CPS has already filed a lawsuit against partner NRG to prepare for this possibility.
The natural gas-nuclear comparison was one of several pieces of news delivered to the utility's board Monday as CPS tries to shake off the bad headlines and high-level resignations of the cost estimate fiasco.
Sustainability Officer Cris Eugster unveiled a new forecast that shows the city won't need a new power plant until 2023, which is three years later than was previously thought.
The update incorporates CPS' energy-efficiency plans and new energy-efficiency building standards instituted by the city and the federal government.
"It has really given us another three years to make this decision," Eugster said. "It is very significant."
The extra years before the community has to commit to another large power project could help CPS meet more of the city's future needs with renewable energy such as wind and solar, Eugster said. The added years, he said, will give those technologies more time to mature and become more cost-effective.
Structurally, Eugster said, natural gas plants are a better fit than nuclear to partner with renewable energy. That's because they can be built much quicker, in three to five years, if renewable plans don't pan out. And once built, they are capable of powering on and off much quicker, to provide energy when wind and solar can't.
The new forecast also means that CPS has to make good on its much-vaunted energy-efficiency goals, Eugster said.
CPS has committed roughly $900 million to save 771 megawatts of energy by 2020 through its Save For Tomorrow Energy Plan, or STEP.
Without STEP, CPS would need a new power plant in 2018, Eugster said.
Also at the meeting, board chairwoman Aurora Geis confirmed she will step down next month, as she sought to publicize the vacancy.
"We're launching our search today," she said.
Mayor Julián Castro has been reaching out to high-profile potential candidates for the past several days. The right person for the job doesn't necessarily need to be a household name, as some have suggested, the mayor said.
"Above all, we need a strong leader, someone with strong business skills and someone with the time to commit to the job," he said.
That's been the sticking point for many of those whose names have been floated. On Monday, AT&T executive John Montford, who last week expressed interest in the job, asked that his name be taken out of consideration.
The board will take applications for the position for the next 10 days or so, Geis said.
Castro said he hopes the board will be able to interview qualified candidates in time to make a nomination Jan. 4.
Staff Writer Tracy Idell Hamilton contributed to this report.


text:
Chrissy Teigen Announces Second Pregnancy With Daughter Luna on Instagram
It's official: Luna Legend is going to be an older sister. Chrissy Teigen announced on Instagram today that she and John Legend are expecting their second child.
Teigen revealed the news in the most Chrissy Teigen way possible: by uploading a video straight to social media. In it, Teigen's daughter Luna is on her lap when she subtly lifts up her shirt to reveal her belly and asks, "Luna, what's in here?" Luna enthusiastically replies, "baby" and Teigen follows up with, "Is it a baby?" So, yes, my friends, Teigen literally announced this pregnancy by having Luna point to her stomach and say "baby." If that's not the cutest thing in the world, then what is?
To drive the point home even further, Teigen hilariously captioned the video on Instagram with, "It's John's!" Check out the clip for yourself, below:
Legend confirmed the news on Twitter, too, sharing Teigen's Instagram video and writing four emojis: "👶🏽 👶🏽 ❤ ❤ ." They're seriously the greatest family on the planet.
https://twitter.com/johnlegend/status/933084188646957056
Teigen and Legend welcomed baby Luna in April 2016, and she's since talked about having more kids. In October, she officially revealed that she and Legend were trying for a second child.
In Glamour's April 2017 cover story, Teigen opened up more about Luna and her struggle with postpartum depression.
"Most days were spent on the exact same spot on the couch and rarely would I muster up the energy to make it upstairs for bed," she wrote. " John would sleep on the couch with me, sometimes four nights in a row. I started keeping robes and comfy clothes in the pantry so I wouldn't have to go upstairs when John went to work. There was a lot of spontaneous crying."
She also noted in this essay that having postpartum depression hasn't deterred her from wanting more kids. "I love John and Luna more than I can imagine loving anything, and John and I still hope to give Luna a few siblings. Postpartum hasn't changed that," she wrote.
Congrats to both of them!
Chrissy Teigen Wants You to Stop Assuming All Women Want Kids
The Surprising Way Chrissy Teigen Is Preventing Pregnancy Stretch Marks
Chrissy Teigen Speaks Out About Her Anxiety


text:
What it's like to attend Primary School in Australia
The Australian education system is touted to be one of the best in the world. It's labour force is one of the most educated in the world and produces some of the finest scientists and scholars around the world. They all probably have one thing in common, undergoing the Australian education system. Here's an insight into the system
Australia Education System
The Australian education system offers primary, secondary and tertiary education linked all across the country and the world.
School education is similar across all of Australia with only minor variations between states and territories. School education (primary and secondary) is compulsory between the ages of six and sixteen (Year 1 to Year 9 or 10). School education is 13 years and divided into:
· Primary school - Runs for seven or eight years, starting at Kindergarten/Preparatory through to Year 6 or 7.
· Secondary school - Runs for three or four years, from Years 7 to 10 or 8 to 10.
· Senior secondary school - Runs for two years, Years 11 and 12
English is the official language of Australia and the main language of instruction in the education system. Many schools offer bilingual programs or programs in other languages.
The school year starts at the end of January and it finishes in mid-December. It is divided into two semesters and both semesters are divided into two terms. Each term is about ten weeks long, followed by two weeks of holidays
There are seven years of primary school – grade 'Prep' (preparatory year) to grade six. It's not unusual for students to attend the same school for the entirety of their academic careers.
Classes are based around eight themes:
· Health and physical education
· Languages other than English
· Maths
· Science
· Society and environment
· Technology
· Arts
Besides these subjects, students are also taught music, swimming (compulsory two weeks a year), dancing and gymnastics.
Religious education is also offered at relevant schools. Children who have recently arrived in Australia may be eligible for classes in English as an Additional Language external link (EAL) within their school.
In their first year of school, students learn through teaching interactions with others, experimentation, practice and play in the classroom and school community. Priority is given to literacy and numeracy development as these are the foundations upon which further learning is built. Opportunities to develop literacy and numeracy are found in all subjects but particularly in English and Mathematics. Learning in a classroom and belonging to a school community is key to the first year at school.
In their year 1 and 2, priority is given to the important areas of literacy and numeracy development. English and Mathematics are the core subjects for this, however, literacy and numeracy are found in all subjects. By the end of Year 2, students have a much stronger understanding of themselves and have begun to connect with the wider community
In Years 3 and 4, students become more independent; they communicate with others more effectively. English and Mathematics continue to be a priority, and literacy and numeracy are developed across all learning areas. The curriculum further builds the essential knowledge and skills in literacy, consolidating 'learning to read and write'.
In Years 5 and 6, students develop an ability to take positive actions for their well being; they relate to others and communicate well with others; they ask challenging questions and seek answers; they make informed decisions and act responsibly. The development of information and communication technology skills increases across the curriculum at this level.
In the Australian Curriculum, the general capabilities are also addressed through the content of the learning areas and are identified where they offer opportunities to add depth and richness to student learning.
The seven general capabilities include:
· Literacy capability
· Numeracy capability
· Information and Communication Technology capability
· Critical and Creative Thinking capability
· Personal and Social capability
· Ethical understanding capability
· Intercultural understanding capability.
Teachers are expected to teach and assess general capabilities to the extent that they are incorporated within learning area content. State and territory education authorities will determine if and how student learning of the general capabilities is to be further assessed or reported.
Starting in primary school, children are graded on the standard Australian academic scale. This is a percentage-based system and looks a bit different from the grade systems typically used in the US and the UK. The following scale is the most typical, however, each Australian state can and does employ its unique grading system.
In Australia, the average primary school class size is about 20 to 28. The school day typically runs from 8.30 am until 3.30 pm. Written homework is not often given to children in primary school, normally teachers suggest to use any spare time to read. Occasionally children are encouraged to do research related to the observation and investigation of their environment.
There are no formal exams for primary school kids in Australia, but students in Years 3, 5, 7 and 9 will participate in the annual NAPLAN tests in reading, writing, language conventions (spelling, grammar and punctuation) and numeracy. NAPLAN is just one aspect of a school's assessment and reporting process. These tests have no bearing on future schooling - it mainly provides schools, education authorities and governments with information about how education programs are working and whether young Australians are achieving important educational outcomes in literacy and numeracy
Australia is gradually transiting from the current paper-based NAPLAN to NAPLAN Online to provide a better and more precise assessment that is more engaging for students.
Technology in classrooms is also quite common these days. Most schools use technology to conduct interactive-based learning whereby students learn through interactive boards or electronic devices like iPads which are used by students daily.
Maths and English exercises are often done using online platforms (eg. Spellodrome, Mathletics). Communication between teachers and parents are also often done online. Apps like ClassDojo show weekly activities, projects and students progress. Coding (computer programming) has been introduced in many schools.
A student with a disability that severely limits their capacity to participate in the assessment, or a student who has recently arrived in Australia and has a non-English speaking background, may be granted a formal exemption.
Public versus Private
Public schools in Australia are free for all Australian residents, and textbooks are provided for children. It's not uncommon for students to wear uniforms, which the parents are typically responsible for purchasing.
Private schools, however, are a different story. Notoriously on the pricey side, parents can expect to pay anywhere from A$23,000 - A$37,000 for a single year of day-school. Those fees are significantly higher for students attending boarding school, which may be necessary if you're moving to a more remote region of a continent.
Your post-second
Are you consider
Which qualificat
Which British pr
The Canadian Hig
What's Good abou
All About UK's E
10 changes to Si


text:
Sunday 8th January 2017
Well, here we are with the first dig of 2017 and the first report written using the new replacement laptop, an Asus 560UQ. It will be interesting to see how it handles the photo editing for the future uploads to Flickr.
The survey was going to be at a permission we'd not been to since Feb 2016 and, today, we had the increasing luxury of 7hrs 43mins of daylight to play with. The site is predominantly Roman with a small amount of Victorian night waste evident.
The weather was dry and daylight was just about to break over the newly seeded winter wheat. Although dry, the soil was still damp from previous rain and became very sticky indeed! This resulted in several stops to remove excess mud from the spades, wellies and coil bases!
We pushed on using the machines set-up as normal with the large coils and standard GMP mode. This field holds the record for the fastest recovery of a Roman coin, 20 seconds from switch-on. This wasn't the case today as it was a little longer than that, in fact a lot longer at 600 seconds.
The first of 32 Roman coins recovered came from three inches. All the Roman coins were recovered no deeper than four inches. Small amounts of Roman pottery were also recovered with one piece of Samian Ware being found. Oddly, the Samian piece had what appears to be a saw-cut on one edge. Three George V farthings, a Victorian penny, badges and brooches, a tiny bottle and a watch winder from H. Samuel at 97 Market Street, Manchester were other recoveries made today. An Icelandic coin of 1925 and what looks to be a token of 1918 were surprising coins to appear.
Another 4X4 pulled up behind our SV and a chap got out accompanied by three dogs. He made a direct track across the field towards us. I greeted him with a firm hand-shake and introduced ourselves to which he asked who did we get permission from to be there. On telling him he smiled and said that they were his parents.
He asked various questions about the machines and was amazed at how light they were. Funnily enough, we'd just found a rare denarius of Titus and Domitian (under Vespasian) as he got to us so we showed it to him and he was surprised that we knew who the portrait was...Vespasian! He was even more amazed at the age of the coin and that he was the third person to see it for about 1,946 years!
A perfectly round stone, just smaller than a golf ball (40mm), was a find recovered that we'd not seen before. This could be a sling shot or even a large stopper, who knows? I'm sure that we may find something similar whilst researching round stone objects.
Images of the days finds can be seen here.


text:
Playing a Slot Online
Generally speaking, slot machines are a great way to play a fun and easy game online. Players can choose from a variety of options and customize their settings to suit their preferences. If you are interested in playing a slot game, you should use a reputable establishment. It's also a good idea to understand the rules of the game before starting.
Many slot machines offer a variety of features, including a "hold and spin" feature, which allows players to re-spin the reels of a slot machine. During the feature, special symbols may land on the screen and award credits. If you win, you can then choose to continue spinning the reels to create an additional winning combination.
Other features that are available on many slot machines include "bonus features," which are typically aligned with a theme. These features can help players improve their payout chances with increased wagers. Symbols also vary, depending on the theme.
Some slot machines have more traditional features, while others are designed with a modern flair. Slot machines with a three-reel format are usually more reliable than those with five or six reels. Most slots have a pay table, which lists the credits earned for a combination of symbols. The pay table is usually listed on the machine's face or in a help menu.
Some of the best-known slot games include the King Cat, the Joker Jewel, and the Pirate King. These are popular for their quick wins and high payouts. Other games that are worth looking into include Starlight Princess, a popular video slot.
Pragmatic Play is an iGaming provider with over 150 video slots. Although their slots have a traditional three-reel format, they also feature interesting graphics and sound effects. The company has also acquired the Megaways license, which adds value to their portfolio.
Pragmatic Play offers a large selection of slot games, including popular titles like the King Cat, the Joker Jewel, the Pirate King, and the Golden Lotus. The company also has a number of other titles that may be of interest to players. Despite the company's focus on providing quality products, Pragmatic doesn't seem to care too much about the individuality of each game. It does, however, make an effort to promote its products through a variety of channels, including streamers and promo campaigns. It also offers a battery-saving mode for its games.
Pragmatic also offers a large portfolio of video slot games, including titles such as the Lucky Lion, Bubbles Bonanza, and the Queens of Glory. Many of these games are based on traditional themes, including fruits, bells, and stylized lucky sevens. The company also has some unique games, including the 7 monkey. This game has seven pay lines and seven monkey symbols, which are similar to the popular fruit machine.
Pragmatic's slots feature traditional graphics and an eye-catching design, as well as quick spins and a high payout percentage. However, the company does not produce games that are very unique or offer high risk.
SuperBook Sportsbook Review


Session can be 30 or 60 minutes, with individualize training for athletes of all ages.
No double booking or overlap.
Schedule at your convenience. As often as you would like.
Sessions can be focused on Strength, Agility, Endurance, Balance, Coordination, Sports Specific, Injury Prevention or all of the above.
Copyright © 2019 Empowering Athletes - All Rights Reserved.


This Web site was created using PrestaShop ™ open-source software.
We do our best to provide accurate and complete information and assume no liability or warranty for the completeness, timeliness and accuracy. We are not liable for any damage caused of informations on this website.