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Lopsided funding and campaign tactics in battle for proposed San Antonio charter amendments show stark differences
Josh Baugh, Staff writer
Oct. 25, 2018 Updated: Oct. 25, 2018 9:24 p.m.
Philanthropist and developer Gordan Hartman speaks in favor of the Go Vote No campaign during a town hall meeting held earlier this month at the Beasley Brown Community Center. The meeting provided a chance for the where the Go Vote No and San Antonio First campaigns to share their stances and answer questions about the propositions.
Josie Norris /Staff photographerShow MoreShow Less
Cassandra Littlejohn and Grace Hernandez embrace before a town hall meeting held earlier this month at the Beasley Brown Community Center. Even though The two friends are on opposite sides of the Go Vote No and San Antonio First campaigns, but Littlejohn says, "We can agree to disagree."
Attendees look over literature distributed at an Oct. 18 town hall meeting held at the Beasley Brown Community Center. The meeting provided a chance for the where the Go Vote No and San Antonio First campaigns to share their stances and answer questions about the propositions.
Joni Russ listens to Councilman Greg Brockhouse speak during a town hall meeting held earlier this month at the Beasley Brown Community Center.
An attendee looks up from literature she's reading to listen to speakers at the Oct. 18 town hall meeting with representatives from both the Go Vote No and San Antonio First campaigns.
Philanthropist and developer Gordan Hartman shares a laugh with Councilman Greg Brockhouse during the Oct. 18 town hall meeting held at the Beasley Brown Community Center.
Councilman Greg Brockhouse speaks in favor of the San Antonio First campaign during a town hall meeting held at the Beasley Brown Community Center.
Councilman Greg Brockhouse speaks in favor of the San Antonio First campaign during an Oct. 18 town hall meeting.
Attendees listen to speakers during a town hall meeting held at Beasley Brown Community Center in October 2018. The community center, located at 225 N. Swiss St. on the East Side, frequently is host to major speakers. Friday, Dr. Arikana Chihombori-Quao, the African Union Ambassador to the United States, will be addressing the public on matters of importance to the African diaspora.
Josie Norris /San Antonio Express-NewsShow MoreShow Less
Jamissa Jarmon listens to speakers during a town hall meeting held earlier this month at the Beasley Brown Community Center.
Grace Hernadez wears a San Antonio First campaign shirt as she listens to speakers during a town hall meeting held earlier this month.
Councilman Greg Brockhouse listens as philanthropist and developer Gordan Hartman speaks in favor of the Go Vote No campaign during a town hall meeting held earlier this month at the Beasley Brown Community Center.
Mayor Ron Nirenberg speaks with Jeremiah Lopez, left, and other members of the Texas Organizing Project before they block walk to inform voters about city charter amendments in October. The powerful community activist organization has endorsed Nirenberg in the June 8 mayoral runoff and has been out in San Antonio neighborhoods talking with voters since Monday.
Billy Calzada /Staff photographerShow MoreShow Less
Alan Rivas of the Texas Organizing Project speaks with Zora Watkins during an Oct. 16 block walk to inform voters about their opposition to Props A and B and their support of some Democratic candidates.
Alan Rivas, left, of the Texas Organizing Project, speaks with Eddie and Olivia Elizalde during a block walk earlier this month.
Alan Rivas left, and Jeremiah Lopez of the Texas Organizing Project block walk earlier this month.
Alan Rivas, left, and Jeremiah Lopez of the Texas Organizing Project block walk earlier this month to inform voters about their opposition to Props A and B and their support of some Democratic candidates.
Alan Rivas, left, and Jeremiah Lopez of the Texas Organizing Project block walk Oct. 16 to inform voters about their opposition to Props A and B and their support of some Democratic candidates.
Alan Rivas, middle, and Jeremiah Lopez, right, of the Texas Organizing Project, speak with voter Michael Elizalde during an Oct. 16 block walk to inform voters about their opposition to Props A and B and their support of some Democratic candidates.
Alan Rivas, right, and Jeremiah Lopez, left, of the Texas Organizing Project, speak with Jacinto Hernandez during a block walk to inform voters about city charter amendments in October 2018. The organization is well known for its ability to get out the vote and Mayor Ron Nirenberg is seeking TOP's endorsement in the June 8 runoff, where he's facing challenger Councilman Greg Brockhouse. Brockhouse also is seeking the group's endorsement.
On one side of San Antonio's city charter amendments battle, there's a sophisticated, well-funded campaign that has been working for months to persuade voters to reject the measures.
On the other, there's a loosely organized, populist effort counting on disgruntled voters and inherent support for firefighters to get the amendments approved.
Although it may seem the Go Vote No campaign has the upper hand, money and big names don't guarantee victory. Just ask Mayor Ron Nirenberg, who was elected as an underfunded underdog.
He understands the appeal of the proposed amendments, which the San Antonio Professional Firefighters Association says would wrest power away from a remote and imperious City Hall and return it to the people.
"It's a seductive message. It appeals to almost anyone, because everyone has a time or more where they disagreed with their elected officials about decisions that they've made," Nirenberg said.
"The reality is they actually tilt the balance of power toward the special interests who will hold the city or public hostage for any major initiative or decision," he added.
San Antonio councilmen wobble on proposed charter amendments
Firefighters union accuses Sculley of violating San Antonio city policy
Union allies counter that such an idea is an alarmist take coming from elected officials who are trying to hold onto power.
Greg Brockhouse, the only council member who favors the amendments, called them "imperfect" proposals coming at the "perfect time."
But he says that although the union earned significant support earlier this year during its petition drive to put the amendments on the ballot, it has much work to do leading up to Election Day.
"The majority of the people are going to walk up to the polls without any information about the propositions," Brockhouse said. The union "needs to ramp it up and get going."
Big bucks
Go Vote No organizers anticipate spending more than $2 million on their campaign, double what the union expects to put into its efforts.
The union spent half of its available campaign funds — $500,000 — on the signature-gathering drive, and it recently spent more than $200,000 on its first major TV buy for an advertisement suggesting — erroneously — that the city has raised taxes for the past six years.
The ad also targets City Manager Sheryl Sculley, although one of the charter amendments — Proposition B, which would limit the city manager's salary and tenure — would apply only to future city managers.
The two sides have deployed drastically different strategies in their respective campaigns, partly because of the lopsided funding.
Go Vote No and its allies are sending swarms of campaign workers into neighborhoods to knock on doors, lighting up the phone lines. The campaign expects to spend $1 million on TV advertising and is making strenuous efforts to connect with voters on social media.
Go Vote No has enlisted 70 speakers, including former mayors, business leaders and popular community activists, who are taking the message across the city.
Campaign manager Christian Archer, a Democratic political consultant, said the speakers are out seven days a week, at up to 15 events a day. They're hitting some of San Antonio's biggest employers: USAA, Valero Energy, the Zachry Group and CentroMed.
The union's San Antonio First campaign has relied on grassroots tactics, such as sharing droll memes on social media, paying for two dozen sponsored ads on Facebook and posting comments on the union's pages promoting its simple message: "Support your firefighters. Vote yes."
A few union representatives have been speaking at neighborhood association meetings and public forums — about 20 events so far, union officials said.
Stephen Moody, the union's sergeant-at-arms, said he's in charge of wrangling right-wing support for the amendments, and has spoken on behalf of the propositions, along with Rudy Morales, a recently retired firefighter who pushed the Bexar County Democratic Party to support the union's campaign.
Firefighters union President Chris Steele was at the forefront of the petition drive and was the face of the pro-amendments campaign until the union's board decided to pull him back from the spotlight last month. He no longer speaks publicly on behalf of the amendments.
The union isn't emphasizing a big get-out-the-vote effort, at least not in the traditional, shoe-leather sense of walking neighborhood streets and knocking on doors, Moody said. Union members have visited early voting polling sites, encouraging people to support firefighters and vote yes on all propositions.
Moody said he and others in the union orbit believe voter sentiment is "pretty dramatically in our favor."
The Go Vote No side is banking on what Nirenberg has described as "a coordinated campaign to make sure that there is proper information out there."
"At the end of the day, though, it's going to require neighbors talking to neighbors," he said.
That's where the Texas Organizing Project comes in.
That grassroots group helped challenger Joe Gonzales defeat District Attorney Nico LaHood in the Democratic primary in March and later collected more than 140,000 signatures on petitions calling for mandatory sick leave for private-sector employees in San Antonio.
The organizing project opposes two of the three city charter amendments: Proposition A, which would make it easier to use referendums to challenge council decisions, including on tax and utility rates, and Proposition B, which would cap the salary and impose a term limit of eight years on future city managers.
The group hasn't taken a position on Proposition C, which would give the firefighters union unilateral power to declare an impasse in contract negotiations and submit disputes to binding arbitration.
The group has sent out an army of canvassers, predominantly to West and South side neighborhoods. It aims to knock on 55,115 doors multiple times, reaching nearly 114,000 total voters by Election Day.
With glossy push cards at the ready, the canvassers knock loudly and announce the names of the people they're looking to talk to.
Once the door opens, the canvassers explain why they're there. They offer information about candidates they support — Democratic U.S. Senate contender Beto O'Rourke; Gina Ortiz Jones, who's challenging Rep. Will Hurd, R-San Antonio; and Gonzales, the Democratic DA candidate.
"These candidates right here all happen to be Democrat, but we don't always go 'Democrat/Republican.' We just sit down and interview people for the people, by the people — which brings me to the next thing," canvasser Justin Westmoreland, 28, told a West Side resident recently. "Have you heard about Propositions A and B?"
Marie Christine Morales said she had. A robo-call from Nirenberg had reached her, and she'd seen TV ads paid for by the Go Vote No campaign.
"So you seem well-informed on the subject," he said. "That's why we're out here."
In addition to block walking and advertising, Go Vote No has launched a digital effort similar to one used in Nirenberg's successful bid last summer to oust then-Mayor Ivy Taylor, according to Kelton Morgan, who managed Nirenberg's mayoral campaign.
Morgan, a Republican strategist, is working with Archer, a Democrat, on Go Vote No.
Morgan said the anti-charter campaign is using technology that creates a model for pinpointing likely voters.
"We always say that this is half art, half luck and half science. And hopefully you get at least two of those halves right, and ideally three," Morgan said, "and that gives you a really good idea of who is going to vote."
After that's determined, he said, the technology targets specific individuals across various digital platforms and devices.
"Once we have identified you as a likely voter, we do our best to match you to as many different ways of getting in touch with you as possible," Morgan said.
The union's digital approach isn't exactly cutting-edge. At first, the union promoted its Facebook posts without targeting voters, so the ads weren't necessarily reaching the intended audience. Then union officials figured out how to upload voter files to Facebook.
Moody, the union's sergeant-at-arms, was instrumental in the union's successful push a few years ago to kill San Antonio's streetcar plans and win approval of a charter amendment effectively blocking rail in San Antonio. He said Facebook now is key to persuading potential voters.
"It makes a big difference," Moody said. "We're learning all kinds of stuff on this go-round."
The Go Vote No campaign recently held a telephone town hall. The campaign dialed about 130,000 phone numbers across the city, connecting with 10,000 over about an hour on a recent Thursday evening.
The town hall panel included Nirenberg, former Mayor Henry Cisneros, philanthropist and PAC treasurer Gordon Hartman, neighborhood activist Brian Dillard and Jenna Saucedo-Herrera, president and CEO of the San Antonio Economic Development Foundation.
The panelists discussed the three propositions and why they believed they would be harmful to the city, talking to a digital audience listening from home. They also fielded questions.
It's a format the firefighters union hasn't attempted to match.
Josh Baugh is a staff writer in the San Antonio and Bexar County area. Read him on our free site, mySA.com, and on our subscriber site, ExpressNews.com. | jbaugh@express-news.net | Twitter: @jbaugh
Josh Baugh
Reach Josh on
After 10 years covering City Hall for the San Antonio Express-News, Baugh moved into the environment beat in February 2019.
A native of the Alamo City, Baugh was hired as a suburban-cities reporter at his hometown newspaper in 2006.
He began his newspaper career at the Denton Record-Chronicle while working on a master's degree in journalism at the University of North Texas and later covered Texas A&M University for The Eagle in College Station. He's covered various facets of government and politics ever since.
Baugh has previously written about public housing, county government and transportation for the Express-News.


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'Power': Three More Spinoff Series Set at Starz
Showrunner Courtney A. Kemp and 50 Cent will exec produce what is now a total of four offshoot shows as the flagship wraps its run Sunday after six seasons.
By Lesley Goldberg
Lesley Goldberg
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Curtis '50 Cent' Jackson attends For Your Consideration event For Starz's 'Power' at The Jeremy Hotel on May 3, 2018 in West Hollywood, Calif. JC Olivera/Getty Images
As promised, Starz is powering forward to expand the world of signature drama Power.
The Lionsgate-backed premium cable network on Sunday (Feb. 9) — ahead of the series finale of the flagship drama — announced three more spinoff series in what it is calling the Power Universe. Power Book III: Raising Kanan, Power Book IV: Influence and Power Book V: Force join the previously revealed Power Book II: Ghost and bring the franchise to a total of four upcoming offshoots from Courtney A. Kemp's original.
"In television history, only a select few shows have inspired four consecutive series extensions, launched into active production and development at the same time," Starz's new president and CEO Jeffrey Hirsch said Sunday. "These new and exciting chapters will continue the journey of some of Power's most controversial characters while featuring a growing ensemble of complex, distinct characters along with the high-octane drama that set Power in a class of its own."
Mary J. Blige to Star in 'Power' Spinoff at Starz
Raising Kanan, the third show, is a prequel story that is set in the '90s and explores the early years of Power character Kanan Stark (played by series exec producer Curtis "50 Cent" Jackson). The character has been a staple through all six seasons, either as recurring, series regular and, in the final season, a guest star. The fourth drama, Influence, follows Larenz Tate's character, Rashad Tate, in his ruthless pursuit of power. Tate joined Power in season four as a recurring player and was promoted to regular for the final two seasons. The fifth series, Force, revolves around Joseph Sikora's Tommy Egan as he cuts ties and puts New York in his rearview mirror for good.
Shows three, four and five join the second series, Ghost, which boasts a cast that includes Mary J. Blige, Method Man and multiple members of the original cast and picks up where the flagship ends. All four series will be produced by Lionsgate TV, where creator Kemp and her End of Episode banner have an overall deal. 50 Cent also exec produces through his G-Unit Film and TV shingle. Mark Canton, End of Episode's Chris Salek and Danielle DeJesus, Shana Stein and Bart Wenrich also exec produce.
Kemp has been hard at work on expanding the world of Power — Starz's most-watched scripted original — since she signed a new, multiple-year overall deal with Lionsgate that included development of additional series inspired by the world of the original.
50 Cent Says 'Power' Being Overlooked by Emmys Is Racial
Hirsch — who previously served as Starz's COO — was tapped to serve as former Starz CEO Chris Albrecht's interim replacement nearly a year ago. Hirsch was formally given Albrecht's president and CEO title in September. Under his purview, Starz is more closely aligning itself with parent company Lionsgate. Nearly all of its scripted originals are now produced in-house by Lionsgate TV, with more in the works from the studio including offshoots of its well-known IP like Weeds and Blindspotting. Hirsch's mandate, as he explained to critics in his first TCA appearance since taking over the network, is to focus on what he called "premium female." He is looking for period dramas that resonate with the upscale and older female viewers who are drawn to the Starz hit Outlander.
The rapid expansion of the Power universe arrives as networks and streamers alike are looking to build on proven hits in a cluttered Peak TV landscape that consists of 530 scripted originals (and growing) where it's incredibly difficult to cut through. AMC, for its part, has three Walking Dead scripted shows; NBC has the Chicago (and Law & Order) franchises; The CW has multiple shows in the Arrow-verse; and HBO has a Game of Thrones prequel in the works, marking the first time the premium cable network revisited one of its originals.
The quartet of Power spinoffs join recently ordered comedy Run the World, Vida, American Gods, Outlander, Hightown, Heels and Becoming Elizabeth at Starz.
This article originally appeared on The Hollywood Reporter.

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Sayyed Nasrallah: One Color Gov't Rejected, US Taking Advantage of Protests
abrication of Iranian statement
Hezbollah Secretary General Sayyed Hasan Nasrallah tackled the latest internal developments in a speech he delivered Friday.
Dividing his speech into four parts, his eminence started with the US intervention in the Lebanese situation. Second, he covered the government formation file, third he talked about the security situation and finally he referred to the economic and social responsibility.
US Intervention
Sayyed Nasrallah indicated that the US interferes in every movement that takes place in the world in order to divert the public demands to serve their own interests not the people's interests.
"The Americans take the side of protests worldwide and express their support for their demands but in reality all the aid they offer is that which serves the US interests. This was the US role in the Arab Spring, Latin America, and East Asia, and this the US approach in general," he said.
His eminence referred to US Ambassador to the UN Kelly Craft's statement saying: "Craft talked about ongoing protests in Lebanon, Yemen, and any place which Iran is present in, not any place which has corruption. She also considered that strikes will continue if pressure did not bring results. The Americans regard the protests as means to put pressure on Iran."
"The Americans assumed that the Lebanese protests are against Hezbollah and Iran, knowing that they did not propose anything like that. Their slogans were economic and righteous ones while the Americans assumed since the first day that they were public protests against Hezbollah… and Arab and international media tried portray that," he added, noting that "US Foreign Minister Mike Pompeo called on the Lebanese to get rid of this obstacle called "Hezbollah" and the US is ready to help them with that."
Sayyed Nasrallah asked: "Do the US and Israel want to help the Lebanese people or blackmail them? The US equation for the Lebanese is for the latter to abandon their strength element so that the US helps them… The US and Israel have failed for decades to solve the obstacle which the resistance formed, therefore they are trying to take advantage and blackmail the Lebanese to achieve that."
In parallel, his eminence referred to "Israeli" statements which considered that this is a historic opportunity to weaken Hezbollah and to make an agreement with Lebanon on the oil and gas.
Sayyed Nasrallah assured that "Hezbollah is a great threat. A threat on US agendas and interests not on the Lebanese interests. In contrast, it is the defender of the Lebanese interests and dignity."
His eminence further indicated that "the Israeli is building a wall on the border because the resistance left this issue to be dealt with by the Lebanese government. If the resistance spoke against that the Israeli would have thought a thousand times before taking this step. The same applies on the oil digging in the regional waters."
Sayyed Nasrallah called on the Lebanese not to trust the US promises, noting: "look how the US left its allies in the middle of the crises and humiliated them. Look how the countries who submitted to the US role became regular countries after having had a great role in the world. They want us to abandon our power, independence, and sovereignty… but if the Lebanese cooperated, they are capable of getting out of this crisis."
Fabrication of Iranian statement
Concerning the latest fabrication of a statement by an Iranian official in which he was quoted as saying that "Iran will respond to any attack on it, and the response will be from the Lebanese territories", Sayyed Nasrallah assured that there are sides who seek to create tension and incite against Iran in order to put Hezbollah, the presidency and allies in a critical situation, and these sides fabricated this statement which is not true in any way.
His eminence said Hezbollah instantly contacted their Iranian allies to ask about the statement and the latter denied its existence to instantly issue a clarification after that.
In this context, Hezbollah SG indicated that "some think that if Iran was attacked it will refer to its allies to defend it, and let me correct this misconception and assure that Iran will defend itself by itself, it will not stay silent and will not accept to be defended by anyone… If its allies wanted to take action, that would be their own decision."
Sayyed Nasrallah indicated that "Hezbollah was against the government resignation in the first place because the formation of a new government would take time and the economic and financial situation does not bear vacuum. Some considered that the resignation of the PM was a victory but in contrast, it was time wasting and instead of responding to the demands and initiating with the reformations people had to focus on the government formation."
"The best case scenario would have been for the government to stay and the protests to continue and in that case many achievements would have been made," he added.
"We are now in front of several choices, the first is a one color government which could get the highest number of votes in the parliament, and our political opponents were pushing toward that, while in our political team some supported it and others didn't. We, as Hezbollah and Amal movement refused this choice because it poses danger on the country, besides that it contradicts the constitution. Just like we refused a one color government in the past and called for a unity government, we refuse it now even as we have become the majority. The current crisis requires everyone's cooperation. The second choice is a one color government formed by the opposing political team, and we refuse that because the country's situation is unbearable. The third and fourth choices are partnership governments which protest delegates take part in, I don't know how this can happen as the latter was incapable of choosing a leadership or form a delegation to visit the president. The third choice is a partnership government headed by Saad Hariri and the fourth choice is a partnership government headed by someone else. The third choice was not implemented because Hariri put unacceptable conditions so we moved to the fourth choice and accepted all the PM names that were proposed by Hariri but this did not succeed. The third and fourth choices are still on table, what's important is to form a government that could make reformations and just as we refused a government that does not include the Future Movement, we will refuse a government that does not include the Free Patriotic Movement."
Security Situation
Sayyed Nasrallah saluted people for their patience on the road cutting which aimed at causing riots and dragging them into clashes, adding: I call for further patience as we are getting closer to the solution.
His eminence assured that some media outlets' claims that Hezbollah and Amal movement were attacking protesters are not true and great efforts were made to control the street and absorb the anger.
Economic situation and social responsibility
Sayyed Nasrallah called for social solidarity in order to overcome this tough situation. He called upon business owners not to take advantage of this crisis to raise prices of their products but instead lower the prices and get little gains until we get over this phase. No one should manipulate or take advantage of anything related to people, from bread, medicine, fuel, etc… these must not be used as pressure tools.
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Q: Selecting linq class from a sql object query Learning the LINQ, trying to grasp the paradigm...
I have set up a LINQ table class for one of the core business objects. I'd like to retrieve a list of these objects from the database, using MS SQL server table objects (ie instead of defining separate LINQ classes for all the involved database tables/views). I am ok with using the LINQ criteria/join syntax, but lazy/conservative with lumps of ORM code. Maybe I am asking for something unorthodox, and it is expected in the LINQ paradigm that I build 100% replica of the database structure in LINQ classes and then make my queries using only those classes.

A: What you're describing is specifically the LINQ to SQL / Entity Framework provider and this behavior isn't actually a product of LINQ. You don't need any classes at all to model what's in the database. Let say for example, I join 3 tables in my LINQ to SQL query, call them a, b, and c. You can put a select at the very end of the statement and do something like this;
RestOfLinqQuery.Select( new { name = a.name, address = b.address, height = c.height } );

And this will return an anonymous object composed of properties from the three tables. Also, you could make an object which has the various properties from tables a, b, and c and use the same style of initialization or make a constructor that takes in all of the fields you want to set and create it. The Table to Object mapping is created by Entity Framework, LINQ is not restricted by that at all.
EDIT: This answer has a good example of full queries, better than my little example; How do I convert multiple inner joins in SQL to LINQ?
As you can see there the same type of initialization is used to set properties of the newly created object from more than 1 table.
Also, if you're working on an enterprise application and running into this problem a good solution is to create view in the db which do all the joins for you and then model the views in C# rather than modeling tables who's rows don't actually represent useful objects.

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Challenging the Theory of Artificial Immunity
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The practice of vaccination against disease began in 1796 by Edward Jenner, who used the pus of blisters from cowpox to vaccinate people against smallpox.
Despite the fact that vaccination is perhaps viewed as the strongest preventive measure against disease in modern health care, its practice and protocol has been challenged in recent years by a growing number of doctors and scientists, as well as a large number of parents. Recent immunology research and the availability of health information has caused the challenge of the foundational tenets of vaccination.
"The control, or even eradication of childhood disease has been heralded as one of medicine's finest accomplishments, yet there is a growing suspicion that infection intervention may have an adverse effect on the patients. As childhood infections have decreased, chronic afflictions have increased" 1
The Economist, Nov 22, 1997
"Lately, there has been a swell of complaints from groups and individuals about vaccine side effects and the lack of long-term scientific studies and safety data on vaccines. And, at a time when there are more than 200 vaccines in the pipeline, concern is mounting that high-profile vaccine advocates and the lobbies they represent, exert an inordinate influence on the setting of government vaccine policy." 2
It may seem incredulous to challenge the practice of vaccination. After all, it has claimed responsibility for the eradication of many diseases in the past 100 years including polio, smallpox, whooping cough and diptheria. But these claims are largely based on epidemic studies, rather than on clinical evidence of effectiveness. Europe for example, experienced the same rise and decline of polio cases yet never had the polio vaccine. In addition, many diseases that were once thought to be eradicated, simply take on different forms and are given different names. For example, spinal meningitis and polio have almost identical symptoms. We have learned an incredible amount of information in recent years about the complex workings of the immune system, mostly due to advances in cancer, genetics and AIDS research.
This has shed new light on the inner workings of the immune system. One thing we have learned is that simply altering the natural physiology of the body may temporarily give the appearance of resolution of disease, but may actually create more problems in the long run. Virtually all studies of effectiveness of vaccines are based on statistical data and the presence or absence of disease. There has never been any medical studies that have been performed that clearly demonstrate that vaccines increase the immune system competence of the human body, nor has there been any medical studies on the long term effects of vaccines.
It must be understood that vaccine studies are economically influenced by the pharmaceutical industry, which has tremendous influence on the outcome of these studies. Vaccine sales represent a huge profit for these companies and a certain amount of economic bias will always be involved.
"The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, (ACIP) a group of individuals hand picked by the Center for Disease Control (CDC), recommends which vaccines are administered to American children. Working mainly in secret, ACIP members frequently have financial links to vaccine manufacturers. Dependent on CDC funding, state vaccination programs follow CDC directives by influencing state legislatures to mandate new vaccines. Federal vaccine funds can be denied to states which do not "vigorously enforce" mandatory vaccination laws. Conversely, the CDC offers financial bounties to state health departments for each "fully vaccinated" child" 3
The Medical Sentinel, 1999
The past decade has seen a number of books and articles written which challenge the practice of vaccinations, mostly on the grounds of the potential side effects and long term latent effects of the vaccine.
These topics are certainly a factor in the vaccination debate, but the real issue is whether or not vaccines actually produce lasting immunity that is at least equal or superior to immunity that is obtained via natural exposure. This article provides the last scientific evidence in answering that particular question.
Fundamentals of the Immune System
The Immune System is the name of a collection of molecules, cells, and organs whose complex interaction form an efficient system that is usually able to protect an individual from both outside invaders and its own altered internal cells which lead to cancer.
The immune system is comprised of the lymphoid tissues and organs of the body. Lymphoid tissues are widely distributed. They are concentrated in bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, thymus, and Peyer's patch scattered in the linings of the GI tract.
The lymphoid system is encompassed by the system of mononuclear phagocytes (equivalent to the reticuloendothelial system or RES) Lymphocytes are the predominant cells, but macrophages and plasma cells are present also. Lymphocytes are cells which circulate, alternating between the circulatory blood stream and the lymphatic channels of the body.
The immune system is divided into two components, non-specific, also referred to as innate or non-adaptive immunity and specific which is also known as acquired or adaptive immunity. The breakdown into non-specific and specific is for classification purposes only as there is a constant and complex interaction, coordination and communication between all parts of the immune system. The majority of the immune resistance occurs in the non-specific components.
"The non-specific defense system responds immediately to protect the body from all foreign substances, whatever they are. The non-specific system reduces the workload of the specific defense system, by preventing entry and spread of micro-organisms throughout the entire body" 4
Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology
"In the 1980's Paola's team at the Pasteur Institute in Paris showed that 98% of the immune response triggered at the early stages of infection is non-specific. 5
Nature Medicine, April 2000
Lines of Defense
1st lines of defense are the physical barriers which include the skin, mucosal membrane, tears, ciliary elevator, and urine. Chemical barriers include sebum sweat, stomach acid and lysozymes.
2nd lines of defense are the macrophage system, complement, fever, interferons and inflammation. The macrophage system attacks and consumes pathogens by engulfing them, a process known as phagocytosis.
Complement cooperates with macrophages by attaching to foreign cells and initiating the ingestion of the cells by phagocytosis. Interferons are a class of proteins; activated by fever that prevent viral replication in surrounding cells and also inhibit the growth of cancer cells.
"The antiviral action of interferons provide a major host defense against viral infections" 6
Essentials of Medicine
Fever is a powerful part of the immune system, as it interferes with pathogen growth, inactivates many pathogen toxins, and facilitates a more intense immune system response. Many physicians now recommend allowing fevers to run their course.
"Fever is a systematic response to infection. It is generally agreed that moderate elevation of body temperature improves the body's disease fighting capacity" 7
When tissue injury occurs, whether caused by bacteria or viruses, etc, substances such as bradykinins, complement, and histamines are released. This process is called inflammation and it strongly activates the macrophage system to remove damaged cell tissue. Inflammation is a vital part of the healing and repair process of the immune system and when it is delayed or inhibited, healing and repair is incomplete.
"Inflammation is one of the most important mechanisms of host defense since it marshals the attack on the injurious agent and leads to repair of the affected tissue." 8
The Cell Biology of Inflammation
3rd lines of defense are the specific system also known as acquired or adaptive immunity. The specific system consists of B cells (humoral), and T cells (cell-mediated). These cells have mechanisms for selecting a precisely defined target and for developing memory to the antigen, so that subsequent exposures will result in a more efficient and effective response.
Definition of Immunity
Immunity; 1. Protection against infectious disease by either specific or non-specific mechanisms. 2. Pertaining to the immune system or immune response 9
Every standard definition of immunity involves the overall competence of both the non-specific and specific components of the immune system to recognize, isolate and eliminate foreign pathogens. This competence also involves the ability of the immune system to be able to distinguish between self and non-self. Immunity is the body's ability to establish and maintain molecular identity. There is a huge difference between true immunity and the absence of symptoms of disease.
Theory and Practice of Vaccines
Vaccines are suspensions of infectious agents used to artificially induce immunity against specific diseases. The aim of vaccination is to mimic the process of naturally occurring infection through artificial means. Theoretically, vaccines produce a mild to moderate episode of infection in the body with only minor side effects. They are said to work by causing the formation of antibodies, which are proteins that defend the body from an invasion by harmful germs.
Vaccines are group into three different types:
Attentuated microbes, in which the antigen is diluted or weakened. Attenuated vaccines include those to prevent measles, mumps, rubella, polio and chicken pox.
Killed organisms, fragmented organisms, or antigens produced by recombinant DNA technology. Examples of these include pertussis, Hib, Heptatitis-B, and many of the experimental HIV vaccines.
Toxoids which are comprised of the toxins of particular infections such as tetanus or diptheria and have been partially detoxified by heat or chemical treatment.
Vaccines contain chemical preservatives such as mercury, formaldehyde, and aluminum, which prevent contamination. Mercury has been linked to numerous central nervous system and developmental disorders.
"The Center for Disease Control recognizes a "small but statistically significant association between cumulative mercury from vaccines and neurological disorders, such as autism, tics, attention deficit disorder, language and speech disorders, and other neurological development delays" 10
Portals of Entry
The human body is designed to be able to defend itself against foreign invaders, much like a castle or a fortress with outer and inner walls and then interior perimeter barriers. The majority of pathogens that enter the body do so via the mouth and nose. The upper respiratory area is packed with powerful defense mechanisms designed to combat and filter these foreign invaders. Every possible portal of entry in the human body is lined with mucous membrane, a defense mechanism loaded with powerful secretory IgA.
"IgA is the key defender against viral infections"11
Natural immunity happens only after actually recovering from the actual disease. When naturally exposed to pathogens, the organism has to pass through the body's natural defense systems in the body before it ever reaches the bloodstream. A tremendous amount of biological events are triggered which are essential in developing true immunity long before the pathogen is ever comes into contact with the bloodstream.
Vaccination by direct injection into the bloodstream bypasses much of the normal defenses of the immune system, which produces only partial immunity.
There is a greater quantity of biological communication in the human body than all of the man made communication systems in the world combined. Signaling is essential to the development of immunity.
"No one could survive without precise signaling in cells. The body functions properly only because the cells constantly communicate with each other" 12
Scientific American, June 2000
Cytokines are low-molecular weight proteins that control, coordinate, and regulate various immune or inflammatory responses. The importance of cytokines in the host response to infection cannot be overstated. Full protection against disease requires the involvement of many different systems of the body and it is the cytokines that coordinate them. Vaccines inhibit the normal function of cytokines, and in fact new vaccines specifically target cytokine activity.
"Recently, gene therapy and DNA vaccination has been used to produce memory against a number of cytokines that promote inflammation. Antibodies to the product of each inserted gene were produced. These antibodies were found to prevent the effects of the cytokines" 13
Immunology, 1998
Vaccine and Antibody Production
The clinical evidence for vaccines is their ability to stimulate antibody production in the recipient, a fact that is not disputed. What is not clear, however, is whether such antibody production produces immunity
The most predominant forms of life are viruses, bacteria and fungi, each with countless numbers of varieties and strains. When the weight and number of these organisms are multiplied together, they are the greatest biomass in existence on earth.
"Infection with viruses does not always result in disease. In fact, a great majority of virus infections remain asymptomatic. Even before the introduction of poliovirus vaccination about 98% of infected humans developed only minor flu-like illness or no illness at all. Of 45,000 U.S. military personnel inoculated in 1942 with a yellow fever vaccine inadvertently contaminated Hep-B virus, only about 900 developed clinical hepatitis and only 33 had severe disease." 14
New York University Medical School
Scientific evidence questioning the role of antibodies in disease protection can be found in research performed by Dr. Alec Burton, published in a study by the British Medical Council. The study investigated the relationship between the incidence of diphtheria and the presence of antibodies. The purpose of the research was to determine the existence or nonexistence of antibodies in people who developed diphtheria and in those who did not. The conclusion was that there was no relation whatsoever between antibody count and incidence of disease. The researchers found people who were highly resistant with extremely low antibody counts, and people who developed the disease who had high antibody counts.
Dr. Burton also discovered that children born with a-gamma globulinemia (inability to produce antibodies) develop and recover from measles and other infectious or contagious disease almost as quickly as other children.15
"Natural Immunity is a complex phenomenon involving many organs and systems. It cannot be duplicated by the artificial stimulation of antibody production" 16
Dispelling Vaccine Myths
There exist a finite number of immune system cells that are able to respond to foreign antigens. Once a specific immune cell responds to a particular antigen it becomes committed to that specific antigen and is unable to respond to any other pathogen. Vaccination results in a greater commitment of specific immune cells that would be utilized in natural exposure, which may actually weaken the repertoire of immune cells.
Cause of Long Term Immunity
Recent research by Dr. Rafi Ahmed and his colleagues has shown that the stable maintenance of total memory cells may be dictated by the principle of homeostasis. Models suggest that the total number of cells in the immune system is constant and the long-term maintenance of cellular immunity may be regulated by competition for space by memory cells. As an individual is exposed to new pathogens, some memory cells may need to make way for new ones. Since the total number of memory cells can be very large, the immune system is normally capable of maintaining immunity to many pathogens at once. The impact of new pathogens could govern the loss of existing memory cells, and might explain the loss of memory to certain viruses. 17
Emory Vaccine Research Center
The ability to remember and respond to invading organisms, even years later, is one of the fundamental features of the immune system. Traditionally, it was thought that memory cells were developed after initial exposures, but new research demonstrates that multiple exposures are required to develop T cell memory.
Scientists figure out how immune system remembers
Reuters-media: Scientists have figured out how the immune system "remembers" enemies it has encountered in the past. A report in the journal Science shows that so-called memory T cells are extremely slow learners. Scientists knew that one particular type of T cells, known as CD8 cells, could either become vicious attackers that immediately kill invaders, or could become "memory" cells that help to quickly flag invaders if they ever show up again. Scientists at the University of Chicago found that the process by which memory cells are made are excruciatingly slow. They found that several generations of the cells must be exposed to the troublemaker before some of them can become memory T cells specific for it. "This finding suggests that the basic approach to vaccines is not likely to produce the desired result" said Phillip Rickhardt, one of the researchers. 18
Lasting Immunity
The notion that vaccines create a life-long immunity that is equal or superior to natural immunity is not even claimed in medical literature. They only claim that vaccines reduce the symptoms of diseases.
"The practice of DPT vaccination has played a major role inmarkedly reducing the incidence rates of cases from each of those diseases." 19
Connaught Labratories
"It is true that natural infection almost always causes better immunity than vaccines. Whereas immunity from disease often follows a single, natural infection, immunity from vaccines occurs only after several doses." 20
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
"One problem with inactivated influenza vaccines is that the immunity generated is only partial. In the presence of a strong adjuvant, antigens can stimulate B cells and induce a good humoral response, however, there is little cell-mediated immunity generated by a killed product. This means that the difference between disease and protection or at least a more rapid recovery from disease. Also, the immunity provided by a killed product is short lived." 21
Center for Biologics Laboratory
"The antigens contained in many inject able vaccines will not produce an immune response sufficient enough to confer protection against infection. Of the 23 vaccines currently in routine use, 20 are delivered by injection and stimulate only systemic immunity" 22
Avant Immunotherapeutics
If it cannot be demonstrated that vaccines create lifelong immunity by strengthening the immune system, then they must achieve their objective of reducing case numbers of disease by actually weakening or suppressing the normal function of the immune response. The idea that vaccines work by subtle immune suppression is receiving rapid support within the scientific and research community.
"It is dangerously misleading and indeed the exact opposite of the truth to claim that a vaccine makes us "immune' or protects us against an acute disease, if in fact it only drives the disease deeper into the interior and causes us to harbor it chronically, with the result that our responses to it become progressively weaker and show less and less tendency to heal or resolve themselves spontaneously" 23
Dr. Robert Moskowitz, Dissent in Medicine
Over time, the term vaccine has evolved to include all preparations used to generate protective immunity to microbial pathogens or their toxins. More recently, the definition of vaccine has been further expanded to include antigenic materials used to tolerate or turn off antigen-specific immune responses to prevent or treat immune mediated diseases. A variety of approaches are being pursued to induce T cell tolerance. These include blocking the activation of T cells by antigen presenting cells focusing on the interactions of the T cell receptor (TCR) with peptides presented by the major hisocompatability complex
(MHC). Other strategies target costimulatory pathways in T cells, or the interaction of cell surface adhesion molecules and their counter ligands. Some of these experimental therapies are currently being developed as vaccines. 24
American Autoimmune Research Association
"The later part of the 20th century has witnessed an unprecedented rise in the number of individuals with impaired immunity. There is considerable experience with most vaccines in those with impaired immunity" 25
Clinical Microbiology Review, Jan 1998
Recent vaccine research and development has focused on recombinant DNA vaccines as a way of duplicating natural immunity, but the findings demonstrate that they work by suppressing the immune system as well.
Could DNA Vaccines Undermine Immunity?
DNA vaccines consist of a bit of DNA containing a gene for a marker from the pathogen. The idea is that when the DNA is injected into the muscle tissue, it works it way into cells where it is incorporated into cellular DNA. The body "learns" to recognize the pathogen and mount a strong defense to it in the future.
But research published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, shows that instead of being immunized to the protein encoded by a DNA vaccine, it actually learns to tolerate it. In fact, when later injected with the same protein, no antibodies were developed at all. This finding raises the possibility that a DNA vaccine could convert someone who normally would be able to clear a pathogen-albeit they might get sick first, to someone who would be unable to clear it at all. 26
Science, 1996
Symptoms and Disease
The paradigm shift in health care is gradually moving from a symptom based model, to one in which the function, performance and innate healing potential of the human body is maximized. With this change in understanding comes the concept that not only are many diseases normal and natural, they may actually benefit the body by strengthening the immune system.
"Through the process of developing and then conquering infection, the child gets rid of acquired toxins and poisons from the body and receives a boost to the immune system"27
Healing Arts Press
"Whenever the immune system successfully deals with an infection, it emerges from the experience stronger and better able to confront similar threats in the future. Our immune system develops in combat. If at the first sign of infection, you always jump in with antibiotics, you do not give the immune system a change to grow stronger" 28
Several studies have shown that the incidence of asthma and allergies tend to rise in countries where childhood immunization rates are high. This has prompted researchers to suggest that certain infections may trigger immune changes that protect children from developing asthma and allergies later. Preliminary studies have shown a protective effect of measles and infections with intestinal parasites. 29
Science News, 1997
With the rise of vaccines and antibiotics, people in developed countries have experienced fewer childhood diseases than ever before and scientists suspect that an immune system with no serious work to do is likely to become a renegade army, attacking whatever it encounters30
Newsweek, 1997
In a study of 58 children under the age of 16 with insulin dependant diabetes and 172 non-diabetic controls, infection during the 1st year of life was associated with a reduction in diabetic risk. Infection during the first year of life may have a protective effect by modifying the lyphocytic response to subsequent immunological challenges. A link with decreasing early exposure to common infectious disease could account for the risk of diabetes over the past thirty years. 31
Archives of Childhood Disease, 1997
The science of immunology is on a fast track due to recent advances in molecular biology and genetics research. Though there is still much to be learned, it is become evident that artificial immunity, stimulated by vaccination is not even close to duplicating immunity received from natural exposure and may actually work in an immune suppressive fashion. Pressed by advancing technology and consumer demand, health care is slowly changing its focus from disease treatment to performance enhancement. Accompanying this will be an increased emphasis on nutrition, exercise, and structural integrity of the human frame, all of which maximize the body's innate healing power.
Plagued by Cures, The Economist, Nov 22, 1997 v344 p.95(3)
Regush, N. "The Vaccine Machine" ABC News
Schafly R. "Offical Vaccine policy Flawed" The Medical Sentintel, 1999, 4(3) 106-108
Marieb, E. Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology, WB Saunders, 2000, Philadelphia
Degrave W. "A B-cell mitogen from a pathogenic trypanosome is a novel eukaryotic proline racemase" Nature Medicine,Aug 2000 p.890
Andreoli, A. Essentials of Medicine, WB Saunders, 2001 Philadelphia
Moffett, D. Human Physiology, Mosby Medical Publishing, 1993, 2nd edition,
Weissman, G. The Cell Biology of Inflammation, Biomedical Press, 1980, Amsterdam
Ingelfinger, F. Dorland's Medical Dictionary Saunders Press, 1999
Delegal J. "Childhood Vaccines" Florida Union Times Nov.8, 2000
Andreoli, T. Essentials of Medicine, WB Saunders, 2001, Philadelphia
Scott J. "Cell Communication, the inside story" Scientific American, June 2000 p. 73
Roitt, Brostoff, Male Immunology, Mosby Publ, 1998 London
Wimmers E "Defense Against Viral Infections" NY Med-Uni 1999
Null G. Vaccines: A Second Opinion, 2000
Philips, A Dispelling Vaccine Myths Feb 5, 1998
Korschun H. "Causes of Long Term Immunity" The Emory Report, Mar. 22, 1999 Volume 51, no. 24
Reuters News Media, "Scientists figure out how immune system remembers, March 12, 1999
Connaught Labs, Vaccine Warning Insert, 2000
Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, www.vaccine.chop.edu
Foley P. "Development and use of a highly attenuated vaccinia virus", Center for Biologics, 1999
Choang K Avant Immunotherapeutics
Moskowitz R. Dissent in Medicine Contemporary Books, 1985 p.142
Plaut, M. "Vaccines for Immunological Disease"
Pirofski L. "Use of licensed vaccines for active immunization of the immunocompromised host" Clinical Microbiology Review Jan 1998
"Could DNA Vaccines Undermine Immunity" Science, Dec 20, 1996
Hayfield, R. The Family Homeopath Healing Arts Press, 1994
Weil, A. Spontaneous Healing Random House, 1995
Raloff, J. "Childhood Vaccinations" Science News Jan 25, 1997
Underwood, A. "Why Ebonie cant breathe" Newsweek, May 26, 1997
Phillips, D. "Early infection and subsequent insulin dependant diabetes" Archive of Childhood Diseases, Nov, 1997 77; 384-385
About the Author: Keith Wassung is a nationally known author and speaker in the field of health education and research. He is available for speaking engagements and can be contacted at Riverhorse Publishing, 104 Berkeley Square Lane, Ste 6 Goose Creek, SC 29445, (843) 727-1886, kwassung@earthlink.net
You can visit his site at www.riverhorsepubl.com
Categories:Disease Pediatric Vaccines
Tags:mandatory vaccinesvaccine
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text:
Cheering to the top
Published 12:00 am Monday, November 28, 2022
By Heath Harrison
The Fairland High School cheerleaders won in their division at the Universal Cheerleaders Association Bluegrass Regional competition in Lexington, Kentucky on Nov. 19 and will be headed to the UCA National High School Cheerleading Championship in Orlando, Florida on Feb 10. From left, back row, Kadence Ulrich, Lilly Rickard, Jena Picklesimer, Katie Stitt, Kinsey Wray, Charity Carter, Kennedi Fulks, Grace Miller and Mary-Kate Porter; front row, Amelia Butler, Ryan Henry, Kaci Adkins and Mackenzie Maynard. (Submitted photo | Heather Maynard)
Win at regional means national competition for Fairland
Kaci Adkins, left, and Ryan Henry are captains of Fairland High School's cheerleading team and seniors at the school. In addition to heading to the upcoming UCA National High School Cheerleading Championship in February, the two were also took part in the event in 2020, when they were freshmen and the Dragons last qualified. (Submitted photo)
ROME TOWNSHIP — A first place win at a regional competition earlier this month is leading to the second national competition this decade for Fairland High School's cheerleaders.
The team competed on Nov. 19 in the Universal Cheerleaders Association Bluegrass Regional competition in Lexington, Kentucky and came out on top in the Small Varsity Game Division.
Fairland High School's cheerleading team will take part in the UCA National High School Cheerleading Championship in Orlando, Florida on Feb 10. (Submitted photo)
"It's a big accomplishment," Trish Adkins, who coached the cheerleaders last year, said, noting that it is the first time in school's history that the team came in first.
The competition featured 250 teams from across the region.
This year, the school's cheerleaders are being coached by Abbi Stitt, a Fairland graduate and Morehead State University cheerleader, and Carrie Zeberer, a fellow graduate who was a cheerleader at Marshall University.
The Fairland High School cheerleaders of 2019-20 are seen in December 2019, a few months before the school last competed in the UCA National High School Cheerleading Championship in Orlando, Florida. Freshman members of that team, Ryan Henry and Kaci Adkins, back row, fifth and sixth from left, are now seniors and captains of the team who will compete at the national level in February. (The Ironton Tribune | Heath Harrison)
Fairland will now compete in the ESPN UCA National High School Cheerleading Championship in Orlando, Florida on Feb. 10.
"It's a bid-only event," Adkins said. "They give you a certain score to get a bid."
The last time Fairland took part in the national competition was 2020, when the team was coached by Shawna Leep, a teacher at Fairland West Elementary School.
Adkins' daughter, Kaci, and Ryan Henry were freshmen on that team. They are now seniors and captains of this year's team.
The national competition will feature 35 teams from across the U.S., taking part in semifinals and finals.
As the team prepares for the trip and the big event, they will be organizing fundraisers, including a gift-wrapping event at the Huntington Mall and a mini cheer camp.
Adkins said that anyone interested in making a donation can also contact the school.


text:
Prince Ferdinand's Battery was an artillery battery in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar. Today the area is known as the Apes' Den and is the main location for tourists to see Barbary macaques in Gibraltar.

Description
The battery which is now much better known as Apes' Den is located at the base of the upper section of Charles V Wall within the Upper Rock Nature Reserve where it is breached by Queen's Gate.

References

Batteries in Gibraltar

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I understand that my grandchildren are dealing with a lot of things that I didn't have to when I was growing up, yet there are some similarities. I also lived in a multigenerational household. My grandfather was disabled thanks to the abysmal working conditions in the 30's and 40's. When my grandmother couldn't care for him my mother had them move in with us, which must have been a difficult decision. We stuffed seven people with different needs, ages, and personalities into a tiny house that had two small bedrooms, a cramped living room and kitchenette. My two sisters and I had to share an attic for a bedroom with some old clothes strung on a line as a room divider. It would be broiling hot in the summer and fiercely cold in the winter, yet – we didn't realize that there was anything wrong with it. Eventually we all moved into the home I'm still living in. We all survived, so I know that it can be done.
The generations dance together, moving in and out of circles, reaching out to hold each other's hands for a while before turning apart. Sometimes side by side and sometimes across from each other, each following the music they hear. As new dancers come into the circle we teach them the dance knowing that soon their music will call them to move on to other circles. Eventually, some will have to leave to continue the dance in another place. Their shadows remain for a while, yet they are moving to the music of a new dance with the other shadow dancers. And the circle continues.
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I texture, reticulate, and oxidise silver sheet to make earrings, rings, necklaces, brooches and cuffs.
I often combine the silver with Turquoise, brass, copper & bronze- or slate and sea glass from the beach.
From Tresaith Rd, proceed through Llety Caravan Park. Argraig is a converted railway carriage situated beside the Coastal path on the edge of the cliff. Alternatively walk the cliff park between Tresaith & Aberporth & you will pass the door.
Opening hours apply to Art Trail period only. At other times, please phone first.


Randy has been practicing as a pediatric occupational therapist for over ten years. He has experience working with infants, toddlers and school age children. He has expertise in working with medically complex or medically fragile infants and toddlers and graduates from the NICU. He has an extensive knowledge base and experience in conducting evaluations in early intervention programs across three states and school based evaluations in several school districts. Randy provides intervention plans for children who have autism spectrum disorder and he creates sensory diets that can be incorporated into the children and family's daily routines. Randy has been an adjunct professor at Dominican College and Quinnipiac University and an Assistant Professor of Occupational therapy at University of Hartford and he has taught courses in neuroscience, splinting, assistive technology, theory or frames of reference, advanced practice skills and pediatrics. Randy has lectured at national and international conferences. He provides continuing education seminars and workshops to other professionals as well as mentoring and consultative services.


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AsiaTop StoriesWorld
Flowers, cheers and tears as Australia's border reopens
SYDNEY: Families walk out of the arrivals hall at Sydney's International Airport yesterday, as Australia's international border reopened almost 600 days after a pandemic closure began. - AFP
SYDNEY: Families walk out of the arrivals hall at Sydney's International Airport yesterday, as Australia's international border reopened almost 600 days after a pandemic closure began. – AFP
SYDNEY: Australia's international border reopened yesterday almost 600 days after a pandemic closure began, sparking emotional scenes at Sydney airport as loved ones reunited. Shortly after dawn, bleary-eyed passengers began to trickle into the arrivals terminal at Kingsford Smith International and were quickly wrapped up in the tearful embraces of flower-clutching relatives.
On March 20 last year, Australia introduced some of the world's toughest border restrictions in response to the coronavirus pandemic. Almost all travel to the island continent halted, prompting critics to dub the country a "hermit state". Tim Turner, who had not seen his son for more than a year, said it was "pretty brilliant" that they were now able to reunite. Arriving in Sydney was "beautiful, beautiful", he told reporters at the airport.
Julie Choo, who flew back from the UK to visit her sick mother in hospital, said she was trying not to cry as the plane touched down. "I just can't wait to touch my mother's hand when I see her. I can't wait to hold her," she said. "It's going to be very emotional." For the last 19 months, Australians have been banned from travelling overseas without permission. Families were split across continents, and tens of thousands of nationals were stranded overseas. The few who did gain permission to enter were forced to spend thousands of dollars and agree to spend 14 days locked in a hotel room.
Those conditions have now been dropped for the country's two largest cities – Sydney and Melbourne – which will now allow vaccinated Australians to come and go without quarantine of any kind. But for some, like Lucinda Botlero, the long-awaited reopening comes agonizingly late. "I haven't seen my family for four years, we've been trying to get in for a year and a half," she said. "It's a very mixed feeling. Because I still couldn't see my dad alive. He passed away just a week ago. We're just a week late, but it's still really gratifying that I'll be able to attend his funeral now."
Leaving the island
As some Australians returned home, others stuck in the country took the opportunity to leave. Abhi Bajaj, 35, said it was "too overwhelming" that he could now travel to the United States to celebrate Christmas with family after two years apart. "I was waiting for this day for a long time," he told AFP, before boarding a flight to Los Angeles. Australian airline Qantas had grounded much of its fleet for more than 18 months, with CEO Alan Joyce calling the resumption of regular international flights "a long time coming". "It's wonderful to see Australians able to reunite with loved ones after such a long time apart," he said.
Prime Minister Scott Morrison said it was a "big day for Australia", posting on Facebook that the country was now "ready for take-off!" Travel is expected to resume slowly after such a protracted shutdown, with low passenger numbers on the first flights to arrive. More than one million foreign residents remain stuck in Australia unable to see friends or relatives overseas, with the relaxed travel rules applying mainly to citizens. And some Australian states with lower vaccination rates will remain virtually closed to the world, as they still have mandatory and costly 14-day hotel quarantine. – AFP
Australia border reopens
Uzbek traders learn to do business with the Taleban
Russia warns of strain on doctors as COVID spreads
Weather provides some help to California firefighers – More than 10,000 firefighters tackling the fires
Desperation mounts in flood-hit Myanmar – Official death toll climbs to 69
No common approach with US on fighting IS: Russia – Islamic State is the common threat, common evil
Migrant boat capsizes, at least 25 dead – Hundreds feared drowned off Libya
Afghan civilian casualties touch record high, says UN – Ground combat is causing more deaths, injuries


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Q: Why does the colour of a thing change when under huge magnification? For instance, this image:

shows human eyelashes close up.
The lashes look green, in fact the whole surface area has a strange tint of green Why is this?

A: It seems that it is an electron microscope image. It doesn't use photons, but electrons. So the image has been coloured digitaly.


Graphs at a glance: Governor of the Bank of England said the housing boom is the greatest threat to the UK recovery. So what are we doing about it?
Does the UK Housing Boom really exist? It's common knowledge that London house prices have ballooned, but is the rest of the UK bubbling up too?
Figures from the Office for National Statistics show this is actually not the case. Since the banker induced economic crisis of 2008 London house prices have rocketed by 40%. UK house prices too have grown by a not insignificant 12%. However this average UK house price rise has been greatly inflated by including London's figures.
The company can say it gave its staff an average £5,000 payrise. But strip out Felix's hike, and the reality is Joe got nothing.
If you strip out London house prices, as the ONS has kindly done in the graph below, you discover that in the five and a half years from January 2008 to July 2014 the average house price in the UK excluding London has risen by just 4%. That is about the same as if you put your money in a rip-off deposit account paying less than 1% for the same period of time.
Take an even closer look, and you will see that as at July 2014 house prices in Wales, the North East, the North West, and Yorkshire & Humberside had not even returned to their 2008 values. And Northern Ireland house prices were on average 40% lower than 2008.
House prices in London, together with its hinterlands of the East and South East, have soared away from the rest of the UK. Why? Because that's where the money is. Not just the high paying jobs, but it's also where the government showers public money. From infrastructure (in 2013 London got £5,426 per person, compared to £223 per person in the North East) to the Arts (in 2012/13 London got £68.99 per person, compared to an average of £4.58 for the rest of England), London gets the lion's share.
The London house price bubble is the result of simple supply and demand. People come to London in spite of exorbitant house prices, because that's where the money is.
"The biggest risk to financial stability, and therefore to the durability of the expansion – those risks centre in the housing market"
The solution to making more people experience the benefits of and to remove the 'biggest threat' to the recovery is to move the money - the well paying jobs and public investment - out of London to the rest of the UK.
We should not build new houses and more cramped communities where the jobs are currently. Nor should we pump up London prices by providing mortgage subsidies for bumper borrowing. We should move the jobs to where houses and communities already exist, well outside London.
Perhaps the Scots did us all a favour when they won 'devo-max' and the prospect of an "independent England". An English Parliament based somewhere away from the South East, pursued by all the corporations hungry for government contracts would be a good start to redistributing the prosperity across the UK.
Interesting data from the ONS: Though Northern Ireland has had the most calamitous fall in house prices and lowest averaage wages they have the highest "Life Satisfaction". And while London has the greatest increase in house prices and highest average wages, they have the lowest "Life Satisfaction".


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Faculty-student archaeology research
Faculty-student research explores the archaeology of illegal dump sites
Maynard and Thomas record items discarded in an empty lot.
For most, archaeology is recognized as the discipline in which scholars study ancient societies using the remains of material culture. But what if archaeologists marshaled the discipline's unique set of investigatory methods and analytic lenses to the study of the present?
This question is at the heart of a recently published study exploring the acts and motivations of present-day discard behavior—particularly with regards to illegal dumping sites—conducted by Associate Professor of Anthropology Anthony Graesch and his then-undergraduate student researchers Corbin Maynard '17 and Avery Thomas '16.
"Landfills have garnered a great deal of popular and scholarly attention, but other materializations of discard behavior remain under-investigated or altogether ignored," Graesch said. "This faculty-student research project was designed to investigate discard at the fringes of otherwise familiar forms of municipal waste handling, or that which can be regarded as illicit and often invisible."
The researchers conducted an 85-mile roadside survey that included seldom-trafficked streets, dead-ends, abandoned lots, underpasses, bridges and utility easements. Their efforts revealed 22 unsanctioned dumping events at five different sites in the greater New London area. The team mapped, photographed and catalogued several hundred artifacts with techniques that would otherwise be applied during the archaeological study of more ancient cultures.
"Not only was the sheer volume of data collected intriguing, but the material we found was fascinating, from photo albums to wedding dresses. The personal nature of all the information we recorded and gathered was shocking; we could easily identify these people and constructed a fairly solid idea of their histories and connections," said Maynard, who majored in anthropology and classical studies and is now an assistant director of admission at Conn.
"It is absolutely amazing what people throw away, and exploring the ideology behind why the items were tossed was a fun part of the process."
The research appears as an invited chapter, "Discards, Emotions, and Empathy on the Margins of the Wastestream," in a newly published volume, Archaeologies of the Heart, which brings to together scholars whose work addresses feminist, Indigenous, activist, community-based and anarchic critiques of how archaeology is practiced, and also examines how science is used to interpret the past and present lives of people. Their chapter explores some of the emotional dimensions of discarding personal possessions, but also the affective experiences of fieldworkers who document these possessions in illegal dumps.
Maynard presents at an international conference.
Graesch often designs his courses around faculty-student research programs, and the archaeology of present-day discards has figured prominently in some of his recent work. In the fall, he offered a new first year seminar, "#WasteStream Archaeology," which focused on the social history and archaeology of the post-18th century waste stream in North America. In the spring, he instructed a new upper-level seminar, "Discard(-ers)(-ing)(-ables)," which explored present-day discard-related phenomena, including notions of disposability, sources and forms of food waste, household purges of belongings, cigarette littering, low-orbit space trash and more. Cross-listed with environmental studies, the interdisciplinary course attracted student participants majoring in environmental studies, anthropology, computer science, psychology and government.
As part of the spring seminar, Graesch gave Jenny Carroll '20 and her classmates each a Solo hot cup, much like the ones used in coffee shops across campus. The students were asked to use the disposable cup every day for two weeks, then write a cultural biography about the object.
Having previously taken Graesch's "Material Legacies," Carroll had some idea of what to expect.
"I was fully prepared for this project to make me more aware of how I use mundane objects, as well as how frequently they pass through my life," said Carroll, an archaeological anthropology major and art history minor within the Museum Studies Certificate Program from Waterford, Connecticut.
Students carried the cups around campus for the two weeks prior to Spring Break, then completed the biographies once classes went remote.
"This style of cup is marketed as single-use and is accepted as such, yet it can be used for much longer before it should be culturally understood as 'waste,'" said Carroll, who will attend the Museum Education Graduate Program at Tufts University this fall.
"Even after the assignment was over, I felt bad at the prospect of throwing away the cup because it was still in such good condition, so I ended up planting extra thyme seeds I had from Spring planting. Ironically, the thyme I planted in some small coconut fiber pots all died, but the thyme planted in the coffee cup is doing amazing."
Graesch says a great deal of attention in anthropology and archaeology has been accorded to the domains of production and consumption, while comparatively less attention is given to domains of discard or object riddance.
"This seminar encourages participants to depart from the moralizing and often facile manner in which present-day discard and waste are often discussed and, instead, to focus on building more complex, critically analytic understandings of the ways we sever relationships with our belongings, particularly in the context of modern capitalism and Internet-era lifeways."
Get to the 'why.' Learn more
Professor Daniel Maser awarded American Chemical Society grant for broadband laser research
'Brilliance on display' at Conn's third annual All-College Symposium


The dirty pool in CD 27's Republican runoff primary deserves a voter backlash. So, hold your horses in this recently vacated seat by Blake Farenthold. Read this especially if you plan to vote in the Republican runoff or if you know someone who is likely to.


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Home News The World of Big Data
The World of Big Data
Written by John Ragsdale
Over the last several years, there has been a massive surge of interest in Big Data Analytics and the groundbreaking opportunities it provides for enterprise information management and decision making. Big Data Analytics is no longer a specialized solution for cutting-edge technology companies - it is evolving into a viable, cost-effective way to store and analyze large volumes of data across many industries. But how will this translate to adoption of these new technologies? How will companies incorporate Big Data into their existing business intelligence and data warehouse (BI/DW) infrastructure? How can end users take advantage of the power Big Data has to offer?
We live in a world of big data. Companies have to learn how to deal with mountain of data. The question is how data has changed our business reality. Here are some facts on the new reality:
It costs $600 to buy a disk drive that can store ALL the world music
There are 30 BILLION pieces of content shared on Facebook every month
Data acquisition is growing at a rate of 40% annually, but IT budgets are only growing at a 5% annual average
In April 2011, the US Library of Congress had collected 235 terabytes of data, but 15 of the 17 industries in the United States store more data per company than the Library of Congress.
Companies today churn out huge volumes of transactional data, capturing trillions of bytes of information about their customers, suppliers, and operations. Companies can capture information from the millions of network sensors being embedded in the physical world, in the devices we use and run our world; mobile phones, industrial machines, automobiles, energy meters, and more. These sensors sense, create and communicate information about us, how we live our life and how we produce and consume things.
Big Data is defined as databases whose size is beyond the ability of traditional databases to store, manage and analyze. Big Data is not defined by size (i.e. gigabytes, terabytes or exabytes). It is assumed that technology advances so size becomes less of an issue.
The amount of data in our world has been exploding, and analyzing large data sets-so-called big data-will become a key basis of competition, underpinning new waves of productivity growth, innovation, and consumer surplus, according to research by McKinsey's Business Technology Office. Leaders in every sector will have to grapple with the implications of big data, not just a few data-oriented managers. The increasing volume and detail of information captured by enterprises, the rise of multimedia, social media, and the Internet of Things will fuel exponential growth in data for the foreseeable future
1. Data has swept into every industry and business function and are now an important factor of production, alongside labor and capital. By 2012, nearly all sectors in the US economy had at least an average of 200 terabytes of stored data (twice the size of US retailer Wal-Mart's data warehouse in 1999) per company with more than 1,000 employees.
2. There are five broad ways in which using big data can create value.
First, big data can unlock significant value by making information transparent and usable at much higher frequency.
Second, as organizations create and store more transactional data in digital form, they can collect more accurate and detailed performance information on everything from product inventories to sick days, and therefore exposes variability and boost performance. Leading companies are using data collection and analysis to conduct controlled experiments to make better management decisions; others are using data for basic low-frequency forecasting to high-frequency nowcasting to adjust their business levers just in time.
Third, big data allows ever-narrower segmentation of customers and therefore much more precisely tailored products or services.
Fourth, sophisticated analytics can substantially improve decision-making.
Finally, big data can be used to improve the development of the next generation of products and services. For instance, manufacturers are using data obtained from sensors embedded in products to create innovative after-sales service offerings such as proactive maintenance (preventive measures that take place before a failure occurs or is even noticed).
3. The use of big data will become a key basis of competition and growth for individual firms. From the standpoint of competitiveness and the potential capture of value, all companies need to take big data seriously. In most industries, established competitors and new entrants alike will leverage data-driven strategies to innovate, compete, and capture value from deep and up-to-real-time information. 4. The use of big data will underpin new waves of productivity growth and consumer surplus. For example, it is estimated that a retailer using big data to the full has the potential to increase its operating margin by more than 60 percent. Big data offers considerable benefits to consumers as well as to companies and organizations. For instance, services enabled by personal-location data can allow consumers to capture $600 billion in economic surplus.
4. While the use of big data will matter across sectors, some sectors are set for greater gains. The computer and electronic products and information sectors, as well as finance and insurance, and government are poised to gain substantially from the use of big data.
5. Several issues will have to be addressed to capture the full potential of big data. Policies related to privacy, security, intellectual property, and even liability will need to be addressed in a big data world. Organizations need not only to put the right talent and technology in place but also structure workflows and incentives to optimize the use of big data. Access to data is critical-companies will increasingly need to integrate information from multiple data sources, often from third parties, and the incentives have to be in place to enable this.
This is the first in a series on Big Data, and how it's going to Change our world.
John Ragsdale, CEO of Customer Vision
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Last Updated ( Jan 16, 2012 at 11:50 PM )
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Sometimes it pays to shut up! Especially when you are really smart.
As a bright and capable performer, you will have plenty of opportunities to show what you know and how you know it but one thing you can never do is — show off! People in power don't like it and people you work with find it annoying.
Smart people who know when to speak up and when to act on their initiatives are a special breed. Don't squander your opportunities by showing off. Let your cool demeanor speak for you.


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essential-workers
Latest Articles Tagged "essential-workers"
NJ immigrant fund distributes $18M, but thousands who suffered COVID-related economic harm await help
The state Department of Human Services said state employees and five nonprofit partners are combing through remaining applications.
NJ Finally Opens Applications For $40 Million Excluded Worker Fund
Undocumented immigrants can now apply for up to $2,000 per household.
Cuomo Drops Plan To Place Essential Workers Monument Near Irish Hunger Memorial
Battery Park City residents and elected officials have criticized the governor's suggested locations. The Battery Park City Authority announced it would form an advisory committee to help determine its placement.
Photos: "Hometown Heroes" Ticker Tape Parade Honored Essential Workers
While some cheered, others were critical of the parade: "This is how they show us they have love for us? Are you serious? We still have to pay the bills."
Sophia Chang
Mirela Iverac
Everything You Need To Know About NYC's "Hometown Heroes" Ticker Tape Parade
Some answers to your pressing parade questions, including whether you're invited (yes) and whether the parade will feature a very old subway car (also yes).
Controversial Battery Park City Monument To Essential Workers Will Be Moved, State Says
"I can tell you I wish we had done this sooner. I can't go backwards in life, and you have my apologies for that," one state official said.
Locals Protest Cuomo's Plan To Install Essential Workers Monument In Battery Park City
"I have enormous respect for essential workers, but the plan here would ruin an amazing green space in Battery Park."
Ben Yakas
NYC Will Prohibit Major Fast Food Employers From Firing Workers Without 'Just Cause'
Additional protections for fast food workers in NYC passed Thursday.
Sydney Pereira
As COVID-19 Surges, Some Trader Joe's Workers Say They're In A "State Of Terror"
Employees from three Trader Joe's locations told Gothamist that the stores are no longer adequately cleaned, mask-wearing and social-distancing are not strictly enforced among shoppers, and break rooms are too small and not properly ventilated.
Photos: Contemporary Artists Pay Tribute To Essential Workers With Expansive Public Art Campaign
They will be shown all around the city, including in Times Square, where the art is displayed on 24 individual screens.


The Web Site Wizard (WSW) is a 32-bit Windows application that Citrix provides to allow administrators to quickly develop a custom NFuse Web site. The setup program is called NfuseWizard.exe and can either be found on the NFuse CD or downloaded directly from Citrix. Once installed, the program can be found in the Programs\Citrix\NFuse folder under the Start menu.
On page 4, I select Active Server Pages (ASP) for IIS. Although the Citrix HTML extensions are easy to use, ASP provides much more flexibility in how you can customize your Web site.
On the final page, I make sure to select a folder located under wwwroot. My folder name for this example will be NoisyRiverNFuse.
When your new Web site is created, you can test it by simply pointing your browser to the appropriate folder. For example, mine would be http://uranium/NoisyRiverNFuse. Figure 6 shows the generated logon page and the resulting application list page—not very fancy, but it's a start.


With today's post, I want to take off my currency trader hat and put on my investor hat.
You might be tempted to argue: But wait, these two aren't mutually exclusive. Isn't it possible to wear both hats? While it's theoretically plausible for a trader to take a long-term view of the markets based on fundamental analysis, I don't think it's likely in practice. In the end, a good investor will always have a longer time horizon than a good currency trader. In short, someone who bought shares in Apple 20 years ago is now probably a millionaire. Someone who went long the USD 20 years ago has probably since lost his investment due to inflation.
But seriously, currency traders must adapt to the zero-sum nature of forex markets by shortening their time horizon. Stock market investors, on the other hand, are not bound by this constraint. In fact, by holding stocks for a long enough time period, investors can actually turn this into an advantage.
As a result of the Eurozone sovereign debt crisis, for example, some analysts are calling for foreign (i.e. not using Euros) investors to dump their European. investments. This recommendation is not necessarily a dismissal of European companies (though an argument could be made on this basis as well), but rather is a reflection of concerns that returns will be negatively impacted by the declining Euro. Since foreigners can only purchase shares using their home currencies indirectly (through ADRs and ETFs), they feel the effects of currency fluctuations every time they enter and exit a position. Those that entered into a position prior to the Euro's decline, by extension, will naturally be hurt if they try to exit before the Euro has had a chance to recover.
But therein lies the problem with this approach. Those that dump their shares now solely over exchange rate concerns are simply locking in their losses, just like American stock market investors who sold their stocks in March 2009 when the DJIA was below 7,000. By instead waiting a year (or longer!) such investors could have at least partially neutralized the impact of these crises. Of course, if recovery in the Euro was perceived as inevitable, then portfolio investors naturally wouldn't think about divesting from EU capital markets. The concern is that the Euro will continue to decline, perhaps to the point of breakup.
I don't want to dig myself into a hole by making a 5-year prediction for the Euro, especially since there is a part of me that is concerned that it will continue to decline. Based on history, however, there is very little reason to believe that will be the case. I'm not talking about economic fundamentals – about how the US fiscal position is equally precarious and how currency markets might recognize this and turn on the Dollar – but rather about the nature of forex markets.
Simply, currencies fluctuate. Since its introduction 10 years ago, the Euro has fallen, then risen, then fallen, then risen, then fallen again to its current level. If you initially invested in Europe 2 years ago, the exchange rate would erode your returns if you tried to sell now. If you invested 5 years ago, you would break even. If you invested 10 years ago, you would come out ahead. In the end, it's only a question of perspective. Still, if you maintain your positions for long enough, either you will break-even from the exchange rate or it will only marginally affect your returns (on an annualized basis).
Consider also that you can hedge your exposure to a falling Euro by simply buying Dollars. If you are concerned about exchange rate risk, you can do this every time you open a position. For example, if you were to buy European shares today and simultaneously short an equal quantity of Euros, you would be perfectly hedged against any further decline in the Euro. The cost of the hedge is the sum of any transaction costs, management fees, and negative carry that you incur as part of the currency trade.
In short, unless you deliberately want to speculate on exchange rates, don't worry about them! If your investing horizon is long enough, their fluctuations will neither help nor hurt you in a meaningful way.
One of the method in currency trading is short time trading.
Of course with small pips.
Sometimes, we should hold the position untill market correction.
I have not proof it, but I am in this way.
You are right about the theory that currency investment "will not go anywhere" because actually the ammount of money not change that followed by its value in the market.
According to the correction of EUR/USD, I have thought that it is because the investor from France and Italy have came back and brought their money too from "World Cup".
My second opinion is because of China. The biggest market for China's export product is Europe, so China have got much gain from Europe before, and this is the time for China to help Europe from their problem. This is so simple, because this is the Chinese tradition in "business" and friendship.
Looking at both, long and short term is that what you mean? making daily profits with short time frame and still looking at the fundamentals of the country.
Looks like sterling is improving only thing is most of my money is in Euro so it's not a great time to change into sterling as I live in the UK. 🙁 Maybe should start putting some money into gold and silver in the meanwhile.
Having been conducting business in the middle east and the Orient the volatility of the Euro has had a significant impact to many large European based corporations. The recent 5 point increase in the Euro has lead speculators to start selling the Euro. Today sees the Euro set for another slide my Chinese and ME contacts expect the Euro to lose all its recent gains against the Dollar and reaching a plateau around 1.20 where it is likely to remain as more bad financial news comes out from Europe. Will the Euro ever been seen as a stable currency particularly with the entrance of more risk countries to the European Community.
Should newcomers in the forex market trade EUR/USD? I've observed that the Euro fluctuates a lot as compared to the USD.
i have invested millions of dollars in italy,and plan to invest more in the near future…from a ground perspetive italy is doing very,it's only because people are not paying taxes..in the south no one pays taxes at all,but spending is on the rise,people spend..