text:
Q: how to make an array function return a value So to summarize my problem, I want the function int[] get_marks() to be able to return the array, but I don't know how to get my ArrayList marks to convert into an array which I can use the return thing for. I need the arraylist to be converted because I need to be able to find the frequency and mode of the array (parts of the code I have not started because I can't figure out how to convert the arraylist).
Below is my comment less code so far.
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;

class Main {

  public static int[] get_marks(){
    Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

    ArrayList<Integer> marks = new ArrayList<>();
    final int FLAG = -1;
    int entries = 0;

    System.out.println("Enter your marks. Type -1 when done.");

    while (entries != FLAG){
    entries = input.nextInt();

    if (entries >=0 && entries <= 100){
      marks.add(entries);
    } else if (entries == FLAG) {
      break;
    } else {
      System.out.println("Invalid entry. Marks must be between 0-100.");
      }
    }
    input.close();

    System.out.println("Your Marks are: " + marks);
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    get_marks();

    System.out.println();
  }
}

A: Why not just return the ArrayList marks?
public static ArrayList<Integer> get_marks(){return marks}

Also, you could make the method return void. Is there any reason you need it to return a value in main?
To elaborate, if you make it void, it will just do all the calculations and culminate in System.out.println("Your Marks are: " + marks);. Given your code, is that not what you want? If so, make get_marks() return void:
public static void get_marks() {//run the code, print the marks, etc.}

Why do you need the get_marks() method? You may not have posted all your code, but if this is all your code, just get rid of get_marks() and put it all in main(). If all main() does is call get_marks(), consolidate the methods.

A: There's no reason not to simply return an ArrayList<Integer> or even better a List<Integer>. If you insist on returning an int[], your question is a duplicate of this.


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text:
Scientists may have figured out how to make future beer even greater
By Luke Dormehl December 27, 2019
Getting the perfect head on a pint of beer might not be the most pressing problem the world faces in the closing days of 2019. Then again, it could certainly make some of those other problems seem temporarily more manageable. At least, that's the explanation I'm going with to explain the work of scientists in the U.K, Germany, and France. In pursuit of the perfect pint, they've been exploring how physics could be used to give beer drinkers an improved version of their favorite grain-based alcoholic beverage — with a head that lasts all the way to the bottom of the glass.
Since a good head helps release the aromas in beer, along with providing a pleasant mouthfeel, that's an innovation likely to find far greater public approval than killer robots or ever more omnipresent surveillance tech.
By firing beams of neutrons at liquids used to make foams, the scientists involved in the research uncovered new information about the way that additives affect the structure of foam-causing bubbles in liquid. These insights could be used to create foam with more stability that does not burst.
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"Just like when we see light reflecting off a shiny object and our brains help us identify it from its appearance, when neutrons reflect up off a liquid they are fired at we can use a computer to reveal crucial information about its surface," lead researcher Dr. Richard Campbell from The University of Manchester said in a statement. "The difference is that the information is on a molecular level that we cannot see with our eyes."
The neutron firing was carried out at the Institut Laue-Langevin in France. This institute has one of the world's "most intense" neutron reactors for use by the international scientific community. "It was only through our use of neutrons at a world-leading facility that it was possible to make this advance," Campbell continued. "Because only this measurement technique could tell us how the different additives arrange themselves at the liquid surface to provide foam film stability."
Don't worry if you're not a beer lover, though. The research could also have other applications. This includes improving the creamy topping on a flat white coffee, creating better shampoos and firefighting foams, or even developing oil absorbent foams for tackling environmental disasters.
A paper describing the work was recently published in the journal Chemical Communications.
Beer maker transforms brewing waste into denim jeans
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Want to see Snoop Dogg in AR? You'll have to buy a bottle of his new wine
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


How Do I Plan My Courses?
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text:
UK, Wales, Llywernog Silver-Lead mine
Author Topic: UK, Wales, Llywernog Silver-Lead mine (Read 376 times)
Jeroen Goedhart
Active member - donator
Strahler müssen strahlen!
Re: UK, Wales, Llywernog Silver-Lead mine
Nice area..with several quarries and mines. On a quick check of an hour on this site (I need to check the exact name, but for sure very nearby Llywernog) mostly I found quite some nice quartz. But no secondaries...I did not dig.
<edit> no Pontrhydygroes is a little more south, i will need to move it later when i find exact XY to not mess up locations.
XP https://lapisphilosophorum.home.blog
Llywernog Silver-Lead mine
http://www.silverminetours.co.uk/
http://www.silverminetours.co.uk/llywernog-mine
Ponterwyd, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3AB, Wales, UK
The Llywernog Silver Lead Mine
Mining finally died out in the early 20th century, and since then, Nature has worked to reclaim the sites back to wilderness. However, some excellent remains still survive - and at Llywernog, one of the finest collections of mine-buildings anywhere in the area was restored in a project that has grown steadily from its beginnings in 1973, the old mine was awoken from its slumbers and began life as a mining museum, privately developed by a young mining historian Peter Lloyd Harvey, and his father, the late Dr Stephen Harvey of the University of Leicester. The museum survived in its conventional format untill 2012 when the new 'Silver Mountain Experience' Attraction arrived. Now, 42 years later, the Museum is still evolving and the traditions of the old mining district live on for future generations.
History and Archeology. (Geology and Mineralisation below)
Llywernog mine included two principal groups of workings. These were at times worked separately and at times in conjunction. On the southern side of, and close to, the main A44 road lies the group of workings known as Powell's mine, while to the north of the A44 lie the more extensive remains of the Poole's mine that in now the Llywernog Silver-Lead Mining Mine and Museum.
Known locally as Gwaith Poole. (Poole's Minework), the original discovery of the mineral vein was made around the year 1742, during the reign of George III. The names of the original prospectors are not know but they would have possessed a Mining License or 'Tack Note' issued by the Agent of the Gogerddan Estate on behalf of Sir Lewis Pryse, the 'Mineral Lord'. The first workings consisted of two shallow shafts connected by a level driven along the lode. The location of the early trials was in woodland, southwest of the great 'opencut', now visible on the present 'Miners Trail'.
By 1790, two 'adits' or levels were being blasted into the hillside using techniques of hand-drilling and gunpowder charges. Both of those original tunnels are now accessible to visitors.One tunnel struck the 'Main Lode' of silver-lead ore (technically known as ('Argentiferous Galena') at a depth of 17m below the surface outcrop and a productive period of activity began. The other adit, driven further to the east was a disappointment, and cut only a minor lode with little or no ore visible. This tunnel now forms part of the 'Miners Trail' and is known as 'Balcombe's level', named after James Barton Balcombe, Managing Director of the Llywernog Silver-Lead Mining Company in 1870.
William Poole (of 'Gwaith Poole' fame) held the mining lease to the Llywernog minerals between 1807 and 1810. This was midway between the Battles of Trafalgar and Waterloo, at the most difficult period of the Napoleonic Wars. Poole's mine was an outstanding success, employing 60 miners and making considerable profits with the high price of lead ore (£19 a ton). The main shaft, sunk vertically from the surface between 1810 and 1873, eventually reached a depth of 132mn (432ft or 72 fathoms).Between 1824 and 1834, Llywernog Mine was leased (along with many others in the district) to Cornish 'Mine Adventurers', the Williams family of Scorrier House, Gwennap, near Redruth in Cornwall. This was the start of a long association between the Mining Districts of Cardiganshire and Cornwall that was to continue until the 1900s.
The Cornish miners brought their own folk culture to the Plynlimon Mountains. They called mine managers 'Captains', and the mine accountant a 'Purser'. Depths of shafts were measured in fathoms (6ft or 1.85m) and they believed in Weslyan Methodism, building many chapels in the mining villages. Several villages had terraces of houses called 'Cornish Row' and their surnames were markedly different from the Jones' and Davies' of the neighbourhood; Tyack and Tregoning, Paul and Trevethan, Eddy and Bray, Kitto and Nancarrow are just a few of the strange names from the far south-west.At Llywernog, mine, adventurers came and went, as the shaft grew ever deeper. Robert Dunkin of Llanelli, a lead smelter in 1840, Joseph Holdsworth of Leicestershire in 1852 and then a series of mining companies, floated on the London Stock Exchange, such as Llywernog Mining Company Ltd of 1868.
With depth, the mineral vein became increasingly unproductive and pumping costs grew in proportion. In 1869, in addition to the 40ft diameter waterwheel, the company installed a 16 h.p. steam engine to assist with the pumps when surface water supplies were short. Around 1874, a giant 50ft diameter overshot waterwheel was buit at the Llywernog Mine in a final attempt to explore the lode at greater depth and to realise John Balcombe's dream.By the 1880's huge new mines were being opened up all over the world at places like Broken Hill in Australia and Leadville in Colorado, and the silver-lead ore marked crashed. In Cardiganshire, mines closed and whole communities emptied of people as they left to seek work in mines overseas or digging for 'Black Gold' in the valleys of south Wales.
In the 1900s Llywernog Mine saw a little renewed mining activity as a Scottish Company pumped out the flooded tunnels and went prospecting for 'Black Jack' or zinc ore. By 1910, this venture was finished and the giant waterwheel gently rotted. In 1953, this monument to the mining engineers of yesteryear was blown up for scrap iron and a famous landmark was gone, seemingly forever.
Geology and Mineralisation
Central Wales consists of a large area of sedimentary rocks of Upper Ordovician to Middle-Silurian age. At Llywernog the rocks are Lower Silurian, which makes them somewhat less than 430 million years old! The rocks vary from slates and shales through to siltstones and grits. They were deposited underwater in an extensive sea-basin that lay on the southern edge of the great ocean known by geologists as Iapetus, on whose opposite shores lay Scotland and Northern Ireland!
At the end of the Silurian Period, continental collision occurred when the two opposite sides of Iapetus came together. Over millions of years, the old seabed was squashed and forced upwards into a range of mountains. The Cambrian Mountains of Mid-Wales are the eroded remnants of part of this mountain range. So when you walk through the underground tunnels at Llywernog, you are entering a seabed over 400 million years old!The mineral deposits of Central Wales are grouped together and termed the Central Wales Orefield. Within this area, over 450,000 tons of lead-ore, 140,000 tons of zinc ore and 2,500,000 ounces of silver have been produced, since records began in the 1840s.
Since we now know that mining went back as far as the early Bronze Age, it is fair to say that the above figures are merely an unknown percentage of the true total!In Central Wales, lead and particularly silver attracted much interest in the 17th century, and there was a mint at Aberystwyth that made coins from locally produced silver. Later on, in the mid-19th century, there was an unprecedented surge of mining activity with literally dozens of mines at work. By then, zinc had also become important and previously discarded zinc ores were reworked. The area has also produced a modest quantity of copper plus some barytes and iron sulphides - the latter sold for sulphuric acid manufacture.
Llywernog Mine Geology and mine workings.
Poole's mine consists of one main shaft, the Engine Shaft, through which the ores and waste-rock were drawn and water pumped. It was sunk to a depth of 72 fathoms, or well over 400ft. Although this sounds deep, it is very much less than the depths to which some Cornish mines were finally sunk (3000 feet and more). Central Wales's mines were generally quite shallow with the deepest shafts approaching 1050 feet in depth.In the mine there were two principal lodes. A lode is a steeply inclined (or often vertical) vein or seam of minerals that may or may not include valuable ores. The position of one lode may be clearly seen in the course of the underground tour that you can take during your visit. The vertical, slot-like cavern hewn out of the rock that you will walk through is the area where one of the lodes was found to be ore bearing and was mined away. Such slot-like excavations are called stopes and on the walls of this stope, remnants of the mineralisation may still be seen. The lodes at Llywernog mine are mineralised geological faults - literally cracks in the upper part of the Earth's crust through which mineralising fluids have passed.
Mineralising fluids can be very variable but in general are hot, briny waters laden with dissolved metals and other substances that are forced upwards through the Earth's crust under pressure. When they enter a favourable chemical and physical environment, in which drops in pressure and temperature play an important role, the dissolved metals can no longer stay in solution and precipitate out as ores and other minerals.It has been estimated, by a combination of geological, mineralogical and geochemical research, that the lodes of Llywernog were formed between the early Carboniferous and Permian periods.
As at many Central Wales mines, there is evidence that the faults hosting the mineral lodes were active repeatedly, so that new pulses of mineralising fluid would come up and deposit new bands of minerals to add to those already there. It is fair to say that each such episode would have been noticeable at surface because of the violent earthquakes that would have accompanied the fault movement.The chief ore sought by the Llywernog miners was galena, lead sulphide. Galena was a very valuable mineral, as it contains 80% lead and, as at Llywernog, several ounces of silver in each ton of ore. Galena is a very distinctive mineral. The most striking features are its heavy weight and its beautiful, glittering metallic silvery-grey colour when freshly broken.
The other common ore at Llywernog is known by several names. Its mineral name is sphalerite, but to the miners it was variously known as black-jack or zinc-blende. Sphalerite is zinc sulphide, with varying amounts of iron. Pure zinc sulphide is white, but naturally occurring sphalerite is most commonly brown in colour. Iron-rich sphalerite is black. A freshly broken piece reveals the sparkly brown interior, but when it weathers the iron turns to a rusty colour.
Some other ores have been recorded at Llywernog, particularly during the work done to open the underground part of the mine. The iron sulphide, marcasite, has been found in places. It is yellowish-white and metallic in appearance when freshly broken, but soon weathers and decays in damp air. There was a lot of marcasite in the veins worked at Ystumtuen, to the south of the Llywernog mines, and the product of marcasite decay, yellow-ochre, was at one time collected there for use as a pigment. The golden-yellow ore of copper, chalcopyrite, a sulphide of iron and copper, also occurs at Llywernog but not in commercial quantities. Finally, the very rare mineral ullmannite, a sulphide of nickel and antimony, has been found as very bright metallic grains, but only a few specimens are known.
Gold occurs at Llywernog, but only in what we would call academic amounts - less than a quarter of a part per million - or a fraction of one gramme per ton of ore. Gold levels are low, like this, throughout Central Wales. The gold-mining areas of Wales lie to the north, in the Dolgellau Gold-belt, and to the south, at Dolaucothi.With the ore-minerals, there are accompanying waste or gangue (pronounced "gang") minerals. Quartz (silica) is the commonest, and may be seen underground. It forms crusts of small, colourless, pyramidal crystals. Calcite, calcium carbonate, also occurs in places. The ores were either picked from the gangue by hand, or, where they were mixed together, the entire content of the lode was crushed and milled to separate them.
Llywernog was a modest producer of lead , silver and zinc. The group of mines worked under this name yielded, since 1845, 3813 tons of galena, 560 tons of sphalerite and 4260 ounces of silver, according to the official returns. However, silver returns were only filled in certain years and it has been estimated that the galena produced actually contained nearly 15000 ounces of silver!


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A simple happy birthday illustration for @buxbi that I forgot to post on tumblr. Thank you for sharing this beautiful tiger mama artwork with everyone.
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Listing provided courtesy of Mcdaniel Realty, Llc. © 2019 Georgia Multiple Listing Service, Inc. All rights reserved. Information Deemed Reliable But Not Guaranteed.


Amaroo is a suburb in the Canberra, Australian district of Gungahlin and was gazetted in October 1991. "Amaroo – which means 'a beautiful place' in one of the local Aus. Aboriginal dialects that accurately echo's the Australian owners first impressions of the Silverstar mountains. This home was designed to frame vignettes that celebrate majestic views of the Silverstar mountains. The architectural shell is modern in form with bright pops of purple and orange that pay tribute to surrounding brightly coloured Victorian homes which populate the neighborhood. This home enables the active lifestyle needs of the owners by facilitating ski in, ski out access, abundant organized storage of outdoor gear for all seasons. The home interior features the warmth of custom designed wood barndoors, Douglas fir wood accent walls complemented with the exterior stone repeated on the interior feature stair wall and the custom stone fireplace. The clean modern design of the kitchen features Caesarstone waterfall countertops and a mix of matte and high gloss flat front cabinet finishes to add interest. The bedrooms are spacious yet beaming with character and stunning views. Fir accent head walls, custom red linen draperies and accents with spa like ensuite with free standing soaking tub and roomy walk in shower with custom tile layouts. Hardwood flooring throughout with wool carpet accents to add warmth. Dining and living room feature designer lighting from Mooi and Louis Poulsen with stunning live edge with resin infill custom dinning table and living room accent tables by local craftsman from Eternal Timbers.


Emblazoning their social media posts with #GoOpen, teachers, principals, advocacy organizations and trade groups rallied behind what the department described as "high-quality, openly-licensed educational resources" for K-12 schools. Worth noting: These books and materials are free.
"Openly licensed educational resources can increase equity by providing all students, regardless of zip code, access to high quality learning materials that have the most up-to-date and relevant content," acting U.S. Education Secretary John King said in a statement.
As a traveling educational consultant, I plan learning sessions for adults who (for the most part) I've never met and develop learning goals for teams based on (for the most part) a phone conversation or two. It's challenging and results in frequent surprises when I actually meet groups face-to-face.
I recently worked with teams in a large county-wide district where the charge was to work with K-6 curriculum developers on the UbD process of identifying learning goals and developing transfer tasks. This is a group that has received significant PD on Understanding by Design and have already spent months identifying priority standards and considering next steps.
A departing administrator decided at the last minute to include a group of secondary folks who had zero PD on the process and little information about why they were sitting in on the elementary work sessions. After Day 1, I quickly realized the need for a re-design to provide a purpose for their attendance (as well as accomplish the original goal for the elementary team). The sessions became a modified fishbowl so that the newcomers could learn from the working teams.
To quote Eisenhower: Plans are useless, but planning is essential.
Educators take note! Read the entire post here.
I have hotly debated the merits of memorization with fellow educators and I have vehemently questioned the value of knowing the state capitals (my favorite example of knowledge useful only when playing trivia games down at the pub). In the Age of Google, the argument seems ridiculous – if for some reason I actually needed to know the capital of South Dakota*, I can look it up within seconds on my phone. Why memorize?
I recently read Moonwalking with Einstein: The Art and Science of Remembering Everything by Joshua Foer. A participatory journalist, Foer delved into the geeky world of memory competitions and does a nice job describing the cultural history and scientific research into human memory. It's a good read, much like an in-depth magazine article, and certainly a compelling story (Foer trains for and competes in the US and World Memory Championships).
"A valid criticism of … mnemonics is that they are a form of decontextualized knowledge. They are superficial, the epitome of learning without understanding. This is education by PowerPoint, or worse, CliffsNotes. What can an [the mnemonics device of an] image of Lenin and Stalin the bathroom really tell you about communist economics? But [Raemon] Matthews's point is that you've got to start somewhere, and you might as well start by installing in student's minds the sorts of memories that are least likely to be forgotten.
*Pierre. I had to look it up – although forced to memorize the state capitals in elementary school, seems I've forgotten them over the past 30+ years.
I believe we need a national PR Campaign for Skilled Labor. A big one. Something that addresses the widening skills gap head on, and reconnects the country with the most important part of our workforce.
The skills gap is a reflection of what we value. To close the gap, we need to change the way the country feels about work.
It's worth reading the entire speech here.
1,000 Scientists in 1,000 Days, a program that Scientific American is now launching as part of its Change the Equation initiatives … aims to make it easier for scientists and teachers to connect. The idea is simple. We seek scientists who are willing to volunteer to advise on curricula, answer a classroom's questions, or visit a school—for instance, to do a lab or to talk about what you do. How much you choose to participate will be up to you.
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text:
Kankaria Lake is the second largest lake in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. It is located in the south-eastern part of the city, in the Maninagar area. It was completed in 1451 during the reign of Sultan Qutb-ud-Din Ahmad Shah II though its origin is placed in the Chaulukya period sometimes. A lakefront is developed around it, which has many public attractions such as a zoo, toy train, kids city, tethered balloon ride, water rides, water park, food stalls, and entertainment facilities. The lakefront was revamped in 2007–2008. Kankaria Carnival is a week-long festival held here in the last week of December. Many cultural, art, and social activities are organised during the carnival.

Etymology
Several stories are told for its name Kankaria. One reason said is that it was named this due to large quantities of limestone (kankar in Gujarati) dug out of it during excavation. Another story narrates that the Sultan Qutb-ud-Din asked the saint Shah Alam to select the site for the tank and the garden. The saint scattered some pebbles at the site which was excavated and the lake was built. Thus it was named Kankaria. Another story says the saint Hazrat-i-Shah Alam cut his foot on a pebble while passing through excavation and exclaimed, "What a pebble!" So it was named Kankaria (pebbly). It was mentioned as Hauz-e-Qutb (the tank of Qutb) after the Sultan Qutb-ud-Din in the inscription at Kankaria.

History
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There are various versions of its origin. According to the 14th-century chronicler Merutunga, Chaulukya ruler Karna built a temple dedicated to the goddess Kochharba at Ashapalli after defeating the Bhil chief Asha. He also established the Karnavati city nearby, where he commissioned the Karneshvara/Karnamukteshwara and Jayantidevi temples. He also built the Karnasagara tank at Karnavati next to Karneshvara temple. Karnavati is identified with modern Ahmedabad and Karnasagar tank is identified with Kankaria lake but this identification is not certain.

The construction of the lake started by Sultan Muizz-ud-Din Muhammad Shah II in the 15th century. The inscription at the lake mentions that it was completed during the reign of Sultan Qutb-ud-Din Ahmad Shah II in 1451. According to this inscription, its name is placed as "Hauj-e-Qutb" (Pond of Qutb) after him.

Throughout the period of the Gujarat Sultanate and of Mughal rule, the Kankaria lake with its Nagina Bagh were the favourite leisure place of rulers and the people and it were among the tourist sights of Ahmedabad ever since. The European travellers of the 17th century, Pietro Della Valle (1623), Johan Albrecht de Mandelslo (1638), Jean de Thévenot (1666), all had visited the lake gave its accounts. Mandelslo who visited Gujarat during the reign of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan wrote in 1638,

British artist James Forbes visited Ahmadabad in 1781 after the fall of Mughal Empire when Ahmedabad was under Maratha rule. He found the gardens at lake neglected, the summer-palace in ruins and the bridge with 48 stone arches connecting Nagina Baug island to the bank in dilapidated condition. He specially noted a species of palmyra in the Nagina Baug which is very uncommon. The tree grows in a straight stem very high and then spreading several branches with a tuft of spreading leaves at the end of each branch. It is still there. After a century, when Ahmedabad was under the British rule, the Kankaria lake was restored by the Collector of the district, Borradalle in 1872. A  road was built from the Raipur gate to the lake. The high banks of the lake were organised and the trees were planted on them. Of the original arched bridge, a small portion was restored and the rest of length is made with earthen bank. In the island, the steps were restored on all four sides, the ancient well was cleared out, the fountain and the pleasure house were restored. the new pierced parapet wall built. In 1879, it was proposed to connect the lake with Khari river by 11 miles long canal and supply water to Chandola lake but it never materialised.

In 1928, Kankaria was declared protected under the Ancient Monuments Preservation Act.

The central garden and the walkway had been revamped and utilities are enhanced by Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation in 2007―2008. Upon completion of the renovation at the cost of , the lake was officially inaugurated on 25 December 2008 in a week long event known as Kankaria Carnival.

Architecture

The reservoir is a 34-sided regular polygon covering an area of 76 acres and having a shore length of approximately one and a quarter mile, or 2 km. It is surrounded by flights of cut stone steps and in six places, slopes, giving access to the water. These slopes were covered by square cupolas, each raised on 12 pillars.

An island in the centre of the lake contains a garden and is called Nagina Wadi, formerly Bagh-e-Nagina (beautiful bejewelled garden in Urdu); it is connected to the bank by a bridge, originally of 48 arches. The garden is mentioned in Mirat-e-Ahmadi as "the Jewel (Nagina) in the centre of the ring of lake". The garden contains a pleasure house or summer palace called Ghattamandal. During restoration, the British constructed a parapet wall around the garden.

The lake had a water purification system which is lost now. There are well carved supply sluices on the east side. Their buttresses or jambs of sluices resemble those of the minarets of masajid in Ahmedabad. Between these buttresses, there is a screen six feet thick screen punctured by three large openings for inflow of water. These openings are six feet in diameter and the margin of it is beautifully carved.

Attractions

Kankaria Zoo

Kankaria Zoo, officially Kamla Nehru Zoological Garden, was established by Rueben David in 1951 spread over 21 acres. It was rated the best zoo in Asia in 1974. They have 450 mammals, 2,000 birds, 140 reptiles in a 31-acre zoo. It houses wild animals like tigers, lions, python, anaconda, snakes, elephants, albino (white) animals like the rhesus monkey, spotted deer, white blackbuck, chinkara, elephant, emu, jungle babbler, bush-quail and common palm civet. Kankaria Zoo has also bred of rare species like pythons, crocodiles, bearcats and wild asses. Reuben David was awarded the Padma Shri in 1974 for it.

Balvatika
It is a children's park named after Jawaharlal Nehru. Balvatika has a boat house, playroom, butterfly and weapon displays, mirror house, toy house and planetarium. Presently most part of the park is under renovation.

Amusement park
Netherlands based company installed five rides in the amusement park in 2014. It includes the Boomerang Roller Coaster, the Flipping Arm, the Torching Tower, Disk 'O' pendulum and the merry-go-round. It will also have a kids play zone for computer games. On 14 July 2019, the pendulum arm of the attraction snapped, causing the seated end of the attraction to slam into the ride's base and fall 20 feet to the ground, killing 2 and injuring 29.

Kids City
Kids City is a miniature world designed for kids. It is spread in 4240 sq.metre area having 18 activity centres including banks, fire station, science lab, radio station, police station, court room and prison, dental as well as medical hospital, theatre, BRTS, heritage gallery, town governance, IT centre, News room, ice-cream factory, etc. AMC had applied for copyrights and patents on the individual games in the premises, the unique point system, Virmo (Virtual Money) and the design of the different venues in games.

Toy Trains

A train named Atal Express (Named after Atal Bihari Vajpayee on his birthday 25 December 2008) was imported from London, the train circles the lake on a 4.5 km track at a speed of 10 km/h with capacity of 150 passengers. The train has the capacity to carry 150 passengers, including 36 adults. The train is manufactured by Severn Lamb. During the first 11 months of introducing the train, it attracted nearly a million visitors. After the success of this train, another train was also started which named Swarnim Jayanti Express. All trains on the railway, and hence the railway itself, are  narrow gauge.

Balloon Safari

Ahmedabad Eye is a tethered balloon ride set up near Kankaria Lake after renovation. The tethered balloon complex spread over 3000 square yard, is divided into four sections including a restaurant, tethered balloon, heritage exhibit and an exhibition displaying the making of the Ahmedabad Eye. SKYZ is a balloon themed restaurant located at the Ahmedabad Eye complex. It is managed by Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation. Rainforest theme restaurant is also there.

Nagina Wadi

Nagina Wadi is an island in center of Kankaria Lake. It houses a small summer palace originally built for Mughal royals. Nagina Wadi is accessed by a straight, tree-lined walkway traversing half of the lake. In 2009, Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation and Amrapali Group built a musical fountain with multicolored laser lights which are displayed during the night. Food stalls are also there.

Stone Mural Park
India's biggest Stone Mural Park named Gurjar Gaurav Gatha on the side walls of the circular lake in which sculptors are depicting, in pink sandstone, the history and rise of Gujarat is under construction. It has murals covering 3150 sq feet depicting the history of Ahmedabad right now but when completed, it will measure 6000 feet in length and will be world's largest mural (30000 sq.metre).

The following subjects are being included in murals: folklores and history of Ahmedabad, great rulers of Gujarat, ports, commerce and good practices (ethical business-trade traditions), education, freedom fight, cultural heritage, art and literature, expression of culture, today's Gujarat, global Gujaratis, selected stories of common Gujaratis in past centuries. It will also includes stories about ancient sage Dadhichi, Mahatma Gandhi, Sardar Patel, Jhaverchand Meghani and Indulal Yagnik.

Dutch and Armenian tombs

The Dutch and Armenian tombs are on One Tree Hill embankment which shows the strong trade presence of the Dutch East India Company in the city during the 17th century. They are Saracenic in style with domes and pillars. The dates of the tombs are deciphered which range from 1641 to 1699. The Armenian tombs perhaps belonged to brokers in the Dutch factory.

Joyrides
Segways are introduced for people for easy movement around lake. A mini golf course; Aqua Kart and other water sports; Vertical Swing, Paint Ball Shooting, Black Flash and rides, Sky Fly and other joyrides were introduced.

Other

Other attractions include the historical Dadu Dayal temple, Natural History Museum, desert safari, aquarium, gardens like One Tree Hill garden, Butterfly Park, football ground, water sports and rides, open-air theatre, Jaldhara water park, boating and small amusement park. It is a good place for yoga, walking, and running, especially early morning. There is also a gym on campus known as Ambubhai Purani Vyayamshala.

Kankaria Carnival
Kankaria Carnival is an annual week-long cultural festival organised in last week of December since 2008. The festival include art, dance and music performances, social awareness programmes, games and activities for children.

See also
 Chandola Lake
 Vastrapur Lake
 Thol Lake

References

External links

Renovated Kankaria Lake Night Images
Ahmedabad City Tour - Kankaria Lake

Geography of Ahmedabad
Lakes of Gujarat
Tourist attractions in Ahmedabad
Tourist attractions in Gujarat
1451 establishments in Asia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia