Whilst it is genuine there are loads of professional carpet cleaners out there, the standard in their get the job done differs determined by their practical experience, cleaning agents utilised and applications website. After you have your carpets cleaned, it must not only seem clear. In fact, you will discover a great deal of variables that you just ought to contemplate right before you select that the carpets have certainly been cleaned perfectly which the gurus did a great position at it.
It truly is unlucky that with several cleaning providers, you might get yourself a comprehensive carpet cleansing, but your carpet suffers for it. Occasionally, cleaning firms use solid chemical cleaning brokers that anxiety and weaken the fibers of your respective carpets. Your carpets can stop up deformed and tough towards the touch. When your cleansing business has carefully cleaned your carpet, but if you truly feel its area, it's not tough and doesn't have bald patches, then that is an added issue to them.
Chemical cleansing agents use a potent, potent odor that many folks really don't like. This can be described as a poor factor if you dwell inside a home with a lot of children, or in case you are anticipating a visitor before long following your carpets are already cleaned. Some organizations have distinctive expert services where they use cleaning brokers infused by using a particular scent which is satisfying. Confident, it's an added price, but certainly worth it for those who don't need to acquire to go over your nose when you are within the vicinity of your carpet.
Most cleaning solutions do eliminate filth as well as other particles which have been within the carpets, but what is more dangerous than soil and dust may be the germs that arrive together with it. Most cleansing companies now provide cleansing agents that have anti-bacterial attributes that make your carpet not just clean, but also hygienic and secure.
Some carpets don't seriously continue to be clean once the cleaning business is finished with them. This implies the function was completed haphazardly along with the perform was not very complete. When carpets are washed and dried meticulously, almost all traces of dust are dislodged and eradicated. Also, you will discover no remnants from the cleansing agent left to the carpet. On the other hand, with improperly accomplished carpet cleansing, you can find even now grime of chemical residue embedded deep to the carpet base. These act like magnets, and truly strengthen the accumulation of grime along with other particles, indicating your carpets get filthy a lot quicker.
These are typically just some of your specifications it's essential to abide by when assess the do the job completed by your current professional carpet cleaning service. Should they will not satisfy all accounts, inquire them if they give more companies which may supply you with improved success. If not, there's practically nothing erroneous with searching all over to get a distinctive carpet cleaner that should not merely make your carpets glance thoroughly clean, but really feel, odor and stay thoroughly clean extended way too.


text:
Q: How to make an optional tkinter GUI? I have a tkinter GUI code that executes different functions which are mapped to different buttons/widgets, I want to give users the option of choosing to open the GUI window or directly execute from the command line.
I tried keeping mainloop() inside an optional switch like:
if gui == "1":
    root.mainloop()
else:
    #command mode
    # call required functions here using user switches.

Is this the correct way of doing this? this is working when i tried in linux system.

A: root = Tk()
root.title('ATM v.keypad buttons //////dont acc work///////')

# creates the buttons adds no value tho

# size of button
gridlabel1 = Button(root, text='1', padx=50, pady=50)
gridlabel2 = Button(root, text='2', padx=50, pady=50)
gridlabel3 = Button(root, text='3', padx=50, pady=50)
gridlabel4 = Button(root, text='4', padx=50, pady=50)
gridlabel5 = Button(root, text='5', padx=50, pady=50)
gridlabel6 = Button(root, text='6', padx=50, pady=50)
gridlabel7 = Button(root, text='7', padx=50, pady=50)
gridlabel8 = Button(root, text='8', padx=50, pady=50)
gridlabel9 = Button(root, text='9', padx=50, pady=50)
gridlabel0 = Button(root, text='0', padx=50, pady=50)
cancelbutton = Button(root, text='cancel', padx=75, pady=50)
clearbutton = Button(root, text='clear', padx=75, pady=50)
enterbutton = Button(root, text='enter', padx=75, pady=50)
# prints the button at set location
gridlabel1.grid(row=0, column=0)
gridlabel2.grid(row=0, column=1)
gridlabel3.grid(row=0, column=2)
gridlabel4.grid(row=1, column=0)
gridlabel5.grid(row=1, column=1)
gridlabel6.grid(row=1, column=2)
gridlabel7.grid(row=2, column=0)
gridlabel8.grid(row=2, column=1)
gridlabel9.grid(row=2, column=2)
gridlabel0.grid(row=3, column=1)
cancelbutton.grid(row=0, column=4)
clearbutton.grid(row=1, column=4)
enterbutton.grid(row=2, column=4)
root.mainloop()

that was my example notice how I put root.mainloop() at the end
was indented because it was in a if statement

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Android and Mysql Database Communication
*

*Apps like Spotify and Instagram that their database, how fast users
to click on buttons respond? How quickly without having to process
the information stored in the database?

*For example: the Spotify app, I quickly click on the follow button (a
very rapid clicks). In this case, how information is stored in a
database?

*What is the best way to connect to the database and managing lots of
connections?

*Should I use the database interface? example: android sqlite

*In the application Instagram, when I click on the button Like I
quickly what happens? When information is stored in a database?

(i use volley library)
thanks

A: Let us take an example scenario, when you hit a like button

*

*the first thing to do is to store in your local DB that a user has liked a particular artist

*Based on this, you should call an API off your backend which will record this event. But this has to be asynchronous and you shouldn't
  run this on the Main thread

*Before you wait for a response from the API, you can go ahead and update the Android view based on the local like counter (you can use
  sqllite for this)

*The backend will run a cronjob to get the total amount of likes and put them into another table column

*So when a new user comes after the cronjob, he/she will see the updated counter


Need to find your pet a home in Salt Lake City and area?
Find My Pet A Home offers compassionate pet rehoming services for caring pet owners who want the very best for their dog or cat.
No responsible pet owner wants to give up their dog or cat, but there are many understandable reasons why pet owners need to rehome a dog or cat in Salt Lake City.
At Find My Pet a Home, we feel that all pets are adoptable with time and effort. It is a matter of finding the right match for each pet and casting a wide net in doing so. Finding a loving new home for your pet while they remain in your care is the very best solution for pets and owners. And that is exactly what the dedicated pet rehoming team from Find My Pet A Home in Salt Lake City do for our clients.
If you need to find a home for your dog or puppy, our team of pet rehoming experts can help. We have found great homes for lots of pets in Salt Lake City, and are your at your service. Get in touch with our Salt Lake City dog rehoming team today.
Find My Pet A Home has rehomed many cats in the Salt Lake City area. Our team of cat rehoming specialists are dedicated to finding purrfect homes for pre loved cats and kittens in Salt Lake City. Contact our Salt Lake City cat rehoming team today.
Need to Rehome a Pet in Salt Lake City?


text:
All Sport DB
Calendar and Database of World Sport Events
2014 Ice Hockey U20 World Championship Division I A
Ice Hockey U20 World Championship
2014 : Division I A
finished 2220 days ago
Wiki URL
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_World_...
http://www.iihf.com/competition/360/stat...
https://www.facebook.com/iihfhockey
Live URL
https://www.iihf.com
https://www.iihf.com/en/tournaments
Twitter Tag(s)
iihf @IIHFHockey @iihf_wjc
2014 Division I B
About Us | Terms and conditions | Privacy policy | Twitter wall
Copyright © Lorus Software Limited 2012 - 2020

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


SGA President Maya Mapp took the nation's capital by storm this summer. Mapp worked as a press and scheduling intern for Sen. Johnny Isakson of Georgia.
Mapp worked in Isakson's Washington D.C. office for six weeks, working from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. everyday.
Despite her schedule, Mapp still found the time to work with SGA senators on plans for campus.
One of those plans was a pizza party at the beginning of the year. The purpose of the pizza party was to bring students, new and old alike, together to learn more about SGA.
Mapp said this summer shined a light on the senate. She saw more independent work from senators and said she is excited for the changes to come.
Mapp said she hopes to continue to be positive about this upcoming year while continuing to be honest and more transparent. A major point of emphasis coming into the new year is relying on her team, not a board, but a team.
Mapp said she understands the importance of having a team of equal opinions. The communication between student government senators and the executive team is important, but the relationship between student government and administration is crucial.
A year ago, Mapp was working with an interim leader. Now, Mapp is working with Dr. Richard Carvajal, who is going into his second semester as the campus president.
With the new year upon us, Mapp is focused and ready for her second term as the student leader of campus.
Written by Juston Lewis, Sports Editor.


Malu Trevejo is in the Hollywire studio! This is a stylized retro interview shot in the VHS format. Malu is and international superstar you might have heard her song Hasta Luego with HRVY. We find out what Malu Trevejo favorite dance moves, hips. Her musical inspiration is Chris Brown. She loves brownies and lava cake. Her favorite city is New York because the people and the vibe. And finally, her celebrity crush is A$AP Rocky.
We spoke with Steve Aoki at Complexcon! He has a long-time coming collaboration with Bruce Lee and it's a dream come true for Steve Aoki! Steve see's Complexcon as a voice for the youth; it's where the "cutting edge fashion is going down." He also chats with us about collaborating with BTS!! He absolutely loves BTS and loves that "diversity in music is allowing diversity in culture." He also tells us he wants to cry-freeze his body!!
Watch Jesse McCartney play 'Photoshopped or Not' to test his Photoshop detection skills!


Year & Day | Craftsmanship - Year & Day's.
We craft beautiful pieces with partners who share our commitment to responsible manufacturing.
Our colleagues in Europe honor their long legacy of artisanship and source the finest materials. We love how they also innovate traditions to improve sustainability and durability.
Together, we are committed to making pieces of the highest quality at prices you can afford.
We source local clay in mineral-rich Portugal. We love the elemental simplicity of using earth, fire, and hands to shape and seal our fine stoneware.
We conserve energy and resources by recycling clay scraps from the factory floor. See more about how we craft the clay into your plates, bowls, and mugs.
Our Bud Vases are slip cast, while other pieces, such as the handles for our Mugs, are shaped by hand.
We worked with artists and chemists to create our elegant semi-matte glaze finish, which is durable enough for everyday use.
An innovative, high-temperature method of single firing ensures a vitrified glaze surface, which means consistency in color and quality. Our Ceramics are safe for dishwasher, microwave, freezer and oven up to 480 degrees.
From the mold to the kiln, our Ceramics are crafted by skilled technicians proudly continuing their local legacy of artisan stoneware and masonry.
We've spent our years & days admiring the daily rhythms of our beloved California coastline and created these four colors to match.


Rev. Lindsey Baynham is the Associate Pastor at Fairfax United Methodist Church. Lindsey blogs at Words of My Mouth.
There are certain times in the year where I audibly cry out, "Already?!?" And one that perhaps bothers me more than others is in November. Right before Thanksgiving, there is a shift in stores—it seems that overnight all remnants of pumpkins and turkeys are replaced with snowmen and stockings. The shelves are filled with potential presents for loved ones and the deals are posted in every window. Even the music changes! You find yourself humming familiar tunes as you pace the aisles, get your car worked on or wait in line at the DMV. There is a visible change and I would argue a change within when the turkey and stuffing are behind us that is contagious as we look to Christmas.
But I believe that the change is too sudden. We too often skip over a time of waiting and anticipation to look to the presents or what I would call the hoopla of Christmas. We miss out on an opportunity to slow down and wait. Wait with expectant hearts for the Christ that comes in the most unexpected way; as a baby. We wait with excited spirits for a young virgin girl to give birth in a society that would shame her for not being married yet. And we wait alongside others—hoping in Emmanuel, who is God with us.
Just before our passage, Mary has encountered an angel, telling her that she will bear the Son of God. She responds as I think many would, " How will this happen?" (Luke 1:34 CEB). How will this young girl take on the responsibility that has been given to her? How will she overcome the pressures of being unmarried in her ancient society? And what has she done to deserve this honor? So many questions it seems are left to be answered and the angel replies with confidence and concludes by saying, "Nothing is impossible with God" (Luke 1:37 NRSV). And so the angel leaves her and the young woman must wait…but she will not sit with this news alone, she goes to visit her cousin Elizabeth who we learn in this chapter is also pregnant.
Elizabeth's very being is altered and changed at Mary's greeting! The Holy Spirit moves within Elizabeth and she recognizes that her cousin has been blessed to carry the Son of God. And Elizabeth's words of praise and thanksgiving are contagious—giving joy to Mary.
And in verses 46-55 we hear Mary's words of joy, of excitement, of remembrance and of promise. Mary trusts that God will take what seems impossible and make it into something incredible. She revisits the covenants made with her forefathers and knows that a new covenant has been made with the child that rests in her womb.
Our being during the time of Advent is one that is gradual, moving ever so slightly from person to person, home to home, church to church. In this season we wait to catch what is going around—the joy of Christ coming to earth, a joy that is peaked by waiting for the baby Messiah. We look to Christ's birth with wonder and thankfulness for the time to prepare. And we look to Christmas with a joy that is contagious, spreading from heart to heart.


text:
Q: Implement error handling and script messages receiving in one WebViewRenderer in Xamarin IOs Now I have code for web view renderer like:
 public sealed class MyWebViewRenderer : ViewRenderer<WebView, WKWebView>, IWKScriptMessageHandler
    {
        private const string ScriptMessageHandlerName = "native";
        private WKUserContentController userController;
        private WKWebView m_NativeView;

        protected override void OnElementChanged(ElementChangedEventArgs<WebView> e)
        {
            base.OnElementChanged(e);

            var visualWebView = (ImWebView)Element;

            if (Control == null && e.NewElement != null)
            {

                this.userController = new WKUserContentController();
                var config = new WKWebViewConfiguration
                {
                    UserContentController = this.userController
                };

                this.userController.AddScriptMessageHandler(this, ScriptMessageHandlerName);

                m_NativeView = new WKWebView(this.Frame, config) { WeakNavigationDelegate = new ImNavigationDelegate()};

                SetNativeControl(m_NativeView);
    }

        public void DidReceiveScriptMessage(WKUserContentController userContentController, WKScriptMessage message)
        {
        ...
        }
}

This class allows me to receive messages from JS. But now I want to receive message that page loading is failed. I've found the only way to do so - use  Xamarin.Forms.Platform.iOS.WebViewRenderer as base class for my renderer and use
public sealed class MyWebViewRenderer : Xamarin.Forms.Platform.iOS.WebViewRenderer
 {

    protected override void OnElementChanged(VisualElementChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        base.OnElementChanged(e);

        var visualWebView = (ImWebView)Element;

            if (this.ViewController == null && e.NewElement != null)
            {
                base.Delegate = new CustomNavigationDelegate() { Control = visualWebView };
        }

            ...
     }

    public class CustomNavigationDelegate : UIWebViewDelegate
    {
        public ImWebView Control { get; set; }

        public override void LoadFailed(UIWebView webView, NSError error)
        {
          ...
        }
    }
 }

Load failing capture is working well, but with this code I couldn't get messages from JS.
Is there any way to get both LoadFailed event and messages from JS code in one class?

A: I would recommend you to continue using the Renderer inheriting from WKWebView. We can use DidFailNavigation virtual method in WKNavigationDelegate to get callbacks when there is an error while Navigating. You can use it like below
public sealed class MyWebViewRenderer : ViewRenderer<WebView, WKWebView>, IWKScriptMessageHandler
{
    private const string ScriptMessageHandlerName = "native";
    private WKUserContentController userController;
    private WKWebView m_NativeView;

    protected override void OnElementChanged(ElementChangedEventArgs<WebView> e)
    {
        base.OnElementChanged(e);

        var visualWebView = (ImWebView)Element;

        if (Control == null && e.NewElement != null)
        {

            this.userController = new WKUserContentController();
            var config = new WKWebViewConfiguration
            {
                UserContentController = this.userController
            };

            this.userController.AddScriptMessageHandler(this, ScriptMessageHandlerName);

            m_NativeView = new WKWebView(this.Frame, config) { WeakNavigationDelegate = new NavigationDelegate()};

            SetNativeControl(m_NativeView);
        }
    }

        public void DidReceiveScriptMessage(WKUserContentController userContentController, WKScriptMessage message)
        {

        }
}
public class NavigationDelegate : WKNavigationDelegate
{

    public override void DidFailNavigation( WKWebView webView, WKNavigation navigation, NSError error )
    {
        // If navigation fails, this gets called
    }
}


text:
✎ About Lele
Birth Day: December 23, 1996
Birth Place: Naples, Italy
Birth Sign: Capricorn
Lele Net Worth
Lele was born on December 23, 1996 in Naples, Italy. Raffaele Esposito, better known as Lele, is an Italian pop singer who rose to fame when he appeared on The Voice Italy in its third season. His popular lelegraph Instagram has attracted over 470,000 followers.
Lele is a member of Pop Singer
💰Lele Net worth: 6 million
Some Lele images
Raffaele Esposito, better known as Lele, is an Italian pop singer who rose to fame when he appeared on The Voice Italy in its third season. His popular lelegraph Instagram has attracted over 470,000 followers.
He learned how to play the piano as a child.
In 2016, he appeared on the Italian television competition show Serale di Amici 15, where he finished in fourth place.
He grew up alongside his brother in Naples, Italy.
He was coached by J-Ax during his time on The Voice.
1996 births Italy Pop Singer Italy net worth Pop Singer net worth 22 richest money
Lele fans also viewed:
LeToya Luckett Net Worth
Leslie Shaw Net Worth
Leslie Cheung Net Worth
Lesley Gore Net Worth
Leroy Sanchez Net Worth
Lera Kozlova Net Worth
Lera Didkovskaya Net Worth
Lepa Brena Net Worth
Leona Lewis Net Worth
Leon Lai Net Worth


text:
Acts Chapter 8 Star Chart: Clockwise from when (Orion) Philip met "a (black Auriga) man of Ethiopia, an eunuch of great authority under Candace queen of the Ethiopians, who had the charge of all her (solar golden) treasure, and had come to Jerusalem for to worship, Was returning, and sitting in his (Auriga) chariot read Esaias the prophet" (8:27-28) about Christ being "led as a (Auriga) sheep to the slaughter; and like a (Auriga) lamb dumb before his (red radius) shearer, so opened he not his (lunar) mouth" (8:32) in 31 AD till "at that time (33 AD) there was a great persecution against the church which was at Jerusalem; and they were all scattered abroad throughout the regions of Judaea and Samaria, except the apostles. And devout (Gemini) men carried Stephen (in an Argo coffin) to his burial, and made great (red radius) lamentation over him" (8:1-2) is 30° months.
Simon "performed many magic rites by the operation of demons, was considered god, in your Imperial city of Rome, and was honored by you with a statue as a god ... And nearly all the Samaritans, with a few also of the other nations, worship him, confessing him as the Supreme God ... Such is the testimony of Justin (Martyr), with which also Irenaeus coincides in his first book against heresies ... we have understood [Simon] to take the lead in all heresy; from whom also down to the present time, those that followed him still affected the modest philosophy of the Christians ..." (Eusebius' Ecclesiastical History Book 2, chapter 13). By 33 AD the Pater-leader of the Babylonian Mystery Religion -- Simon the Sorcerer (Acts 8:9-24) -- falsely adopted and counterfeited the name and gospel of Christianity.
When Justin Martyr wrote his Apology (152 AD), the sect of the Simonians appears to have been formidable, for he speaks four times of their founder, Simon; and we need not doubt that he identified him with the Simon of the Acts. He states that he was a Samaritan, adding that his birthplace was a village called Gitta; he describes him as a formidable magician, and tells that he came to ROME in the days of Claudius Caesar (45 AD), and made such an impression by his magical powers, THAT HE WAS HONORED AS A GOD, a statue being erected to him on the Tiber, between the two bridges, bearing the inscription 'Simoni deo Sancto' (i.e. the holy god Simon)" (Dictionary of Christian Biography, vol. 4, p.682). At the time of Claudius, it was illegal to erect a statue to any man as a god or greatly honored person unless the PERMISSION OF THE EMPEROR and the Senate had been secured.
Simon "prophesies that ROME will be the scene of his crowning glory, when he will be adored as a god" (Dictionary of Religion and Ethics, vol. 11, p.522). As Paul said, "the mystery of iniquity DOTH ALREADY WORK" (2 Th. 2:7) in 50 AD. Salvation is of the Jews (John 4:22). But Simon was a Samaritan (Acts 8:9) who outwardly became a "Christian" (8:13) and wanted to become an apostle -- the CHIEF LEADER (8:18-21). But he was LAWLESS (8:23). The phrase "gall of bitterness" (8:23) is defined in Deuteronomy 29:16-18 as HEATHEN BELIEFS and HEATHEN IDOLS. "For there are certain men crept in unawares, who were before of old ORDAINED to this condemnation" (Jude 4). In 2 Kings 17:24 we discover that the Samaritans were from BABYLON and surrounding areas. More BABYLONIANS came later to Samaria (Ezra 4:9-10). They all brought their BABYLONIAN religion (2 KI. 17:24-41) which they MIXED with Jeroboam's religion of calf-worship at Dan and Bethel, non-Levi priests and holy days in the eighth month rather than seventh (1 Ki. 12:28-31). "So these nations feared the Lord AND SERVED THEIR GRAVEN IMAGES" (2 Ki. 17:41). Semiramis (Succoth-Benoth, Tar-Tak)-and-Nimrod (Nergal, Ashima)-worship became Mary and Jesus worship. Simon called paganism by the name of "Christianity" and became the first POPE.
Simon the Sorcerer Was a Bitter Poison
and a Bundle of Iniquity
8:1 And (Orion) Saul was consenting unto his death. And at that time (33 AD) there was a great persecution against the church which was at Jerusalem; and they were all scattered abroad throughout the regions of Judaea and Samaria, except the apostles.
2 And devout (Gemini) men carried Stephen to his burial, and made great (red radius) lamentation over him.
3 As for Saul, he made havock of the church, (lunar door) entering into every house, and haling (Gemini) men and (Gemini) women committed them to (red radius barred) prison.
4 Therefore they that were scattered abroad went every where preaching the word.
Perhaps Acts 8:1-4 belong with chapter 7 star chart since "scattered" seems to go with that image.
5 Then (Orion) Philip went down to the city of Samaria, and preached (solar golden) Christ unto them.
6 And the (Gemini) people with one accord gave heed unto those things which Philip spake, hearing and seeing the (solar golden) miracles which he did.
7 For unclean spirits, crying with loud (red radius) voice, came out of many that were possessed with them: and many taken with palsies, and that were lame, were healed.
8 And there was great joy in that city.
9 But there was a certain man, called (Orion) Simon, which beforetime in the same city used sorcery, and bewitched the (Gemini) people of Samaria, giving out that himself was some great one:
10 To whom they all gave heed, from the least to the greatest (little and big dogs), saying, This man is the great (solar golden) power of God.
11 And to him they had regard, because that of long time he had bewitched them with sorceries.
The Fathers tell us that this Simon was bold to call himself the chief god. Theodoret says that in the second year of Claudius he came to Rome; and he is by some supposed to be the magician noticed by Suetonius under the name of Icarus, who pretended to be able to fly, and met with a fate similar to that of his namesake.
"Icarus, upon his first attempt to fly, fell on the stage close to Nero's couch, and bespattered him with blood." (Suet. Nero 12)
12 But when they believed (Orion) Philip preaching the things concerning the kingdom of God, and the name of (solar golden) Jesus Christ, they were baptized, both (Gemini) men and (Gemini) women.
13 Then (Orion) Simon himself believed also: and when he was baptized, he continued with (Auriga) Philip, and wondered, beholding the (solar golden) miracles and signs which were done.
14 Now when the (Gemini) apostles which were at Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the (solar golden) word of God, they sent unto them (Gemini) Peter and John:
15 Who, when they were come down, prayed for them, that they might receive the (Milky Way) Holy Ghost (Spirit):
16 (For as yet he was fallen upon none of them: only they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus.)
17 Then laid they their hands on them, and they received the (Milky Way) Holy Ghost (Spirit).
18 And when (Orion) Simon saw that through laying on of the apostles' hands the Holy Ghost (Spirit) was given, he offered them (solar gold or lunar silver) money,
19 Saying, Give me also this power, that on whomsoever I lay hands, he may receive the Holy Ghost (Spirit).
20 But Peter (red radius) said unto him, Thy money perish with thee, because thou hast thought that the (Milky Way) gift of God may be purchased with money.
21 Thou hast neither part nor lot in this matter: for thy (lunar black) heart is not right in the (lunar eyeball) sight of God.
22 Repent therefore of this thy wickedness, and pray God, if perhaps the thought of thine heart may be forgiven thee.
23 For I perceive that thou art in the (red radius) gall of bitterness, and in the (lunar crescent) bond of iniquity.
"I see you are a bitter poison and a bundle of iniquity" (Goodspeed; see also Moffat which is similar)
24 Then answered (Orion) Simon, and (red radius) said, Pray ye to the Lord for me, that none of these things which ye have spoken come upon me.
25 And they (Orion and Auriga), when they had testified and preached the (solar golden) word of the Lord, returned to Jerusalem, and (red radius) preached the gospel in many villages of the (Gemini) Samaritans.
26 And the (solar golden) angel of the Lord spake unto (Orion) Philip, saying, Arise, and go toward the south unto the (Milky) way that goeth down from Jerusalem unto Gaza, which is desert.
27 And he arose and went: and, behold, a (Auriga) man of Ethiopia, an eunuch of great authority under Candace queen of the Ethiopians, who had the charge of all her (solar golden) treasure, and had come to Jerusalem for to worship,
This was not her proper name, but that of a dynasty of Ethiopian queens.
"Candace, queen of the Ethiopians in our time, was a masculine woman who had lost one eye." (Strabo 17:1)
"A female, whose name was Candace, was said to rule over the district of Meroe, in Ethiopia, that name having passed from queen to queen for many years." (Pliny Nat. Hist 6:35)
28 Was returning, and sitting in his (Auriga) chariot read Esaias the prophet.
29 Then the Spirit said unto (Orion) Philip, Go near, and join thyself to this (Auriga) chariot.
30 And (Orion) Philip ran thither to him, and heard him read the prophet Esaias, and (red radius) said, Understandest thou what thou readest?
31 And he said, How can I, except some man should guide me? And he desired (Orion) Philip that he would come up and sit with him.
32 The place of the scripture which he read was this, He was led as a (Auriga) sheep to the slaughter; and like a (Auriga) lamb dumb before his shearer, so opened he not his mouth:
33 In his humiliation his judgment was taken away: and who shall declare his generation? for his life is taken from the earth.
34 And the (Auriga) eunuch answered (Orion) Philip, and said, I pray thee, of whom speaketh the prophet this? of himself, or of some other man?
35 Then (Orion) Philip opened his (lunar) mouth, and began at the same scripture, and preached unto him (solar golden) Jesus.
36 And as they went on their way, they came unto a certain water: and the (Auriga) eunuch said, See, here is water; what doth hinder me to be baptized?
37 And (Orion) Philip said, If thou believest with all thine heart, thou mayest. And he answered and said, I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God.
38 And he commanded the (Auriga) chariot to stand still: and they went down both into the water, both (Orion) Philip and the (Auriga) eunuch; and he baptized him.
39 And when they were come up out of the water, the Spirit of the Lord caught away (Orion) Philip, that the (Auriga) eunuch saw him no more: and he went on his way rejoicing.
40 But (Orion) Philip was found at Azotus: and passing through he preached in all the cities, till he came to Caesarea.
Simon the Sorcerer Was the First Pope of Rome
Simon the Sorcerer Was Lawless, Worshipped Idols and Moved to Rome
Simon Peter Was Never in Rome
Paul wrote to Rome and had lived in Rome. Paul wrote, "I strived to preach the gospel, not where Christ was named, lest I should build upon ANOTHER MAN'S FOUNDATION" (Rom. 15:20). If Peter had founded the Roman church some ten years before this statement, then Paul is a liar. But Peter had never been in Rome before this time to found any church."The gospel of the CIRCUMCISION was unto Peter" (Gal. 2:7). "We (Paul & Barnabas) should go unto the HEATHEN, and they (James, Peter and John) unto the CIRCUMCISION" (Gal. 2:9) "I (Paul) am appointed a preacher, and an apostle, and a teacher of the GENTILES" (2 Tim. 1:11). "I (Paul) should be the minister of Jesus Christ to the GENTILES" (Rom. 15:16). The Romans were HEATHEN GENTILES.
Another "Peter" Was in Rome
Priests of HEATHEN GODS were called PETERS. "Not only the gods, but the Hierophantae (special priests), in most temples; and those priests in particular, who were occupied in the celebration of mysteries, were styled PATRES" (Bryant's Ancient Mythology, Vol. 1, p. 354). Egyptian priests were called PETERS or "INTERPRETERS". Notice Genesis 41:8. Davidson shows in his Hebrew Lexicon that the consonantal word PTR (PETER) signifies "to interpret" or "interpretation" (p. 638; also Brown, Driver, Briggs, p. 837; and Gesenius, p. 877 & p.843). Bryant points out that "the term always related to oracle interpretation" (p.308)
The pagan priests of the mystery religions were called PATORS or PETERS. They had the power to interpret the heathen mysteries. This is further brought out by Bunson in his Hieroglyph, page 545, where he shows that the Egyptians -- as the Bible also indicates -- called their "interpreters" or priests: PETR, that is, PETER.
The term PETER was one of the earliest names for the pagan gods. It lasted as late as Greek and Roman times. But by that time the term also took on a wide-spread secular meaning. It came generally to mean "father" or "parent." But this was not its primary meaning at all. Bryant continues: "The word PATER when used in the religious addresses of the Greeks and Romans, meant not, as is supposed, a father or parent; but related to the divine influence of the Deity, called by the people of the East, PATOR" (ibid., p.353)
In many ancient religions the father was the chief priest of the family. That is the reason the head of the family became known as PATOR or "father." The father, because of his priestly position, became known as the ARCHPATOR, or PATRIARCH. This is how the term PATOR came to signify, in a secular sense, "a father." But originally, it always meant, "INTERPRETER" -- especially one of the mystery religions.
Chief Pagan Gods Called PETERS
We have clear evidence showing that the ancient Romans called their chief gods PETERS -- the divine interpreters. The early Roman writer Lucilius, mentions Neptune, Liber, Saturn, Mars, Janus and Quirnus -- all were PATERS. (See the Lucilii Fragments.) He did not mean they were "father-gods." He meant they were gods of PETER-rank -- the chief gods. Lucilius doesn't exhaust the list. In fact, he leaves out JUPITER, the "Father" of the Roman gods. But it was unnecessary to mention him as a "PETER-god." Due to his high rank, the title PETER was actually incorporated as a part of his name. He was called JU-PETER.
Gladstone in his work on the antiquities of Greece, shows that Jupiter and the Greek god ZEUS were one and the same. JU-PETER was the Roman way of saying ZEUS-PETER, the chief god of the Greeks (Homer and the Homeric Age, vol. 1, p. 287). PETER was ther name that came to signify high rank among the gods -- and among their priests.
Greeks Used Term "Peter"
The Romans were not the only ones who called their gods PETERS.The Classical Manual reveals that the Greeks used the term PETER (or its variants) as often as did the Romans. For example, Apollo was called PATRIUS and his followers APOLLO PATRIUS (p. 23). Pausanius tells us that Artemis and Bacchus were called PATORA, that is PETER-gods (Books 1,2). Pindar speaks of Poseidon Petraios. He says the Thessalians worshipped Neptune under this title (Pyth. Ode 4).
In Egypt, the Ammonian priests -- who headed one of the chief pagan oracles of ancient Egypt -- were called Petors, as Bryant also says: "The chief instrument (idol) in their hands was styled PIETAURUM" (Ibid., p. 356).
This idol on many occasions took the form of a pole or upright stake (Ibid., p.358). The pagan god Artemis is often pictured standing by a stone pillar which is called PATROA or PETER (Pausanius, Bk. 1). These pillars, and all the phallic symbols like them, came to be known as PETRAS -- the sacred PETERS. These phallic Peter-stones can be found all over the ancient world. In fact, there is not a mention of an ancient pagan oracle temple without some notice being given to a PETER emblem -- the sacred stone.
Like the word PATOR -- which came to indicate simply a "father" or "parent" -- the word PETRA can mean any large stone. But in earliest times, it conveyed only the original religious meaning. "The term PETRA came at length to signify any rock or stone and to be in a manner confined to that meaning. But in the first ages it was ALWAYS TAKEN IN A RELIGIOUS SENSE; and related to the shrines of Osiris, or the Sun (Baal), and to other oracles which were supposed to be exhibited" (Bryant, p. 359). In other words, the term PETRA meant the sacred PETER-stone -- a stone usually phallic in design.
"Petras" in Pagan World
Notice some references to these sacred PETRAS found throughout the pagan world. At the temple of Delphi in Greece, the chief object in the ritual was the PETRA (Pausanius, Bk. 10). At the Acropolis in Athens, Euripides tells us, the niches which held the idols were called the PETRAE (verse 935). It is well-known that even the sacred book which was used in the celebration of the Eleusinian mysteries, was entitled "Book PETROMA," PETER-ROMA -- PETER'S BOOK (see Potter's Antiquities, vol. 1, p. 356).
Remember that the pagan temples were also called after the PETERS. The temple at Elis in Greece was called PETRON (Lycophron, verse 159). Pytho at Delphi was called PETRAessa (Olymp. Ode 6). The oracle temple dedicated to Apollo in Asia Minor was called the PATARa and the oracle there was called PATAReus ("Eus" means "person who, one") -- (Lemprierre's Classical Dictionary, p. 438).
Also PATRAE -- an ancient town where DIANA had a temple (p. 438), and the oracle in Achaia was called PATRA (Jones, Proper Names of the Old Testament, p. 296). Examples are too numerous to mention, but this should be enough to show that the name PETER, or its variants, figured very high in every phase of pagan worship. These PETER stones and temples were found all over the ancient world. "There is in the history of every oracular temple some legend about a stone; some reference to the word PETRA" (Bryant, p. 362).
Origin of Ancient Peter-worship
PETER-worship can be traced directly back to MESOPOTAMIA. It was there that idolatry had its beginning. There is where the Tower of Babel was erected. It is no wonder that in Mesopotamia we find the first mention of a PETER- temple. In Numbers 22:4-5 and 23 we read that the false prophet Balaam was called to prophesy against Israel. Further, in Deuteronomy 23:4, we read that this Balaam had been called from "Pethor of Mesopotamia"-that is, from the PETER of MESOPOTAMIA. This Pethor or Peter (either spelling is correct) was the place of an oracle temple. In the dictionary Proper Names of the Old Testament, edited by A. Jones, we find that Balaam's PETHOR was the sacred high place "where there was an oracular temple, and hence called PETHOR, and PETHORA, which meant, place of interpretation, or oracular temple. Here was, no doubt, a college of priests of whom Balaam had been appointed chief PATORA" (p. 296).
Yes, Balaam was the chief PATORA (Peter) of the PETHOR (Peter-temple) of Mesopotamia. It was customary for each pagan country to have a chief oracle or temple. The PETHOR or PETER in Greece was Delphi. In Egypt it was Ammon. In Asia Minor it was Lycia -- and later Pergamos. Professor Jones tells about the other PETHORS throughout the world. Notice: "These 'high places' were scattered about in many parts. There was a city of 'interpretation' in Acaia, called PATRAE and another in Lycia, called PATARA, where Apollo had an oracle. PETHOR was in after times celebrated for the worship of Ailat" (Ibid., p. 296).
Balaam "Chief Peter"
But Balaam came from PETHOR on the Euphrates (Nu. 22:5) -- the oracle of Mesopotamia. He was no less than the CHIEF PATORA (as Jones mentions) of the VERY HOME of idolatry and false religion. The very meaning of the name "Balaam" shows he considered himself as sitting in the very chair of Nimrod, the beginner of the mystery religions. The name "Balaam" means in Semitic tongues "Conqueror of the People." This was the exact proper name the Greeks used to designate NIMROD. They called him NICOLAUS, which also meant "Conqueror of the People."
In the New Testament we read of people following the doctrines of NICOLAUS (Nimrod). They were called Nicolaitanes. McClintock and Strong's Encyclopedia speaking of them says: "The sect of the Nicolaitanes is described as following the doctrine or teaching of Balaam -- and it appears not improbable that this name is employed symbolically, as NICOLAUS is equivalent in meaning to BALAAM" (vol. 1, p. 621).
Yes, the two names NICOLAUS and BALAAM are exactly the same in meaning --they both point to NIMROD, the originator of paganism. We also find that when Simon Magus (alias Simon Peter) "Christianized" the religion of NIMROD, John the Apostle plainly labels his followers NICOLAITANES and followers of BALAAM. All of the heresies mentioned in the Seven Churches are of only ONE system -- the system of NIMROD, under the leadership of Simon Magus.
Balaam Represents Nimrod
The name of Balaam is another name for NIMROD. But, understand this clearly --the "Balaam" who met Israel on their way out of Egypt was NOT the original Nimrod. He had been killed several hundred years before. This Balaarn merely represented Nimrod as his successor. We are all aware that Joshua, being a successor of Moses, was looked on as sitting in Moses' seat. Even in Christ's time the scribes and Pharisees sat in Moses' seat of authority (Matt. 23:1-4). So it was with Balaam. He maintained one of the proper names of Nimrod to signify that he was the legitimate successor of the Arch-Rebel. And to emphasize his authority, Balaam could point to his headquarters as the PETHOR or PETER of Mesopotamia. Therefore, the Moabites in their hatred for Israel called for the chief priest of the pagan world. They ignored the priesthood of their own national gods -- going to the highest authority they knew! Josephus represents this false prophet as "Balaam, who lived by the Euphrates, and was the greatest of the prophets of that time" (Ant. IV, 6,2). Balaam was the successor of Nimrod -- the PONTIFEX MAXIMUS of the pagan world. His headquarters was the "PETER on the Euphrates" -- the SAINT PETER'S OF MESOPOTAMIA, the chief oracle of paganism.
PETER-gods Come to Rome
It is well-known history that in the earliest ages, the center of civilization was in Asia and Mesopotamia. In later times, political power passed to the Greeks and then to the Romans. It is also well recognized that the religions of Asia, by Greek and Roman times, had also passed to the West. By the First Century, the mystery religions of the Babylonians were centered primarily in Rome. By that time, Rome had become the chief city of the world. Early records mention this transference of pagan religion from Asia right to the city of Rome. The First Century book by Virgil, The Aeneid, in Imperial times became a type of Roman "Bible." It gives the story of one Aeneas who wandered away from Asia right after the Trojan War and settled in Italy. The main theme of the book concerns the so-called "sacred task" of Aeneas: bringing the pagan gods of Asia to Italy! Virgil spares no words in glorifying Aeneas' journey. He shows how Aeneas brought the Romans ORGANIZED RELIGION -- with all the pagan gods and goddesses necessary for performing it. And most important: Virgil constantly says that these deities were the PATRII of Asia. (See the Classical Manual, page 592, for full information confirming this.) These gods and goddesses were the PETER-deities -- the chief deities which were destined to favor Rome and Italy above all other countries.
Asia had been the original home of the PETER-gods. Through Virgil we find them being transported to the doorstep of Rome. And why not? By the First Century, Rome was considered "the home of the gods." Prudentius, an ancient Roman himself, says that there wasn't a single pagan deity that did not in the end find its headquarters at Rome. Notice what he says: "There came to be one single home for all earth-born gods, and you may count as many temples of gods AT ROME as tombs of heroes in all the world" (Symmachus, 187 to 197). It could hardly be clearer! By Imperial times, Rome became the headquarters of pagan religion. It was the chief oracle of the world, the PETER for the earth.
The Chief Gods of Rome
There were two gods of ancient Rome which were pre-eminently worshipped as PETER-gods. One was JU-PETER (Zeus-Peter). The other, says the Classical Manual, was JANUS, called PATER or PETER (see page 389). Sometimes these two gods are confused. But they are to be reckoned as distinct -- relative to Roman paganism of the First Century. The latter god, JANUS- PETER, had some interesting roles to play in the pagan religion at Rome. These roles answer the question: Who was the original Peter of Rome? Notice a brief history and some of the activities of this god. Plutarch in his life of Numa, gives us the identity of JANUS. Originally, according to Plutarch, Janus was an ancient prince who reigned in the infancy of the world. He brought men from a rude and savage life to a mild and rational system. He was the first to build cities and the first to establish government over men. After his death he was deified. There can be no mistaking who this JANUS was! This title was just another of the many names of Nimrod. This ancient prince who was violently killed was later deified by the pagan religions. Because of his high authority, he was called a PATOR or PETER. Here are some of the religious activities that JANUS-PETER was in charge of. It was JANUS-PETER who was pre-eminent in interpreting the times -- especially prophecy. "The past and the future was always present in his mind" (Classical Manual, pages 388 and 389). He was pictured as being double-faced. Plutarch said this was a symbol of his endeavor to change men from barbarism to civilization -- that is, bring them to the civilization of NIMROD. One of JANUS' roles, after his deification as a god, was the continuation of his sacred task of "civilizing" men. But let us go a little farther.
Janus-Peter Had "Keys"
The PETER-god JANUS was to the ancient Romans the "KEEPER OF THE GATES OF HIAVEN AND EARTH." "HE IS REPRESENTED WITH A KEY IN ONE HAND as emblematic of his presiding over GATES and highways." How shocking! The pagan Romans were calling their JANUS a PETER hundreds of years before the birth of the Apostle Peter. It was this JANUS who was in charge of the "pearly gates"! The very word JANUS means "gates," that is, the one in charge of the GATES.
'The Classical Manual continues : "Ovid speaks of him [Janus] in the first book of his Fasti; his face is double to denote his equal empire over the heavens and the earth -- [does not the Pope claim the same power today?] -- and that all things are open and shut to him AT HIS WILL -- [he was infallible and answered to no one for his actions, so the Pope] -- that he governs the universe [Catholicum], and alone possesses the power of making the world revolve on its axis; THAT HE PRESIDES OVER THE GATES OF HEAVEN."
Catholics Claim "Keys"
The Catholic Church claims Peter gave to it the keys of the gates of heaven and that no one will enter into God's presence unless that church opens the gates. The very word "Cardinal" means "hinge." The Cardinals of the Roman Church are the HINGES upon which the GATE -- the Pope -- is able to turn. The Classical Manual continues: "the successions of day and night are regulated by his influence; and that the east and the west is at one moment open to his view." It was JANUS-PETER who also controlled the calendar by his priests. The first month of the year was named after him to show his control over the years. So, today, we still have JANU-ary as the first month. The Catholic Church, like the priests of Janus, feels it has this same authority over the calendar today.
Another Name for Nimrod
Finally, it is necessary to notice at least one more name under which Nimrod masqueraded -- the name MITHRAS, the Persian name for Baal, the sun god. This Mithras-worship of Nimrod was popular and was one of the last to plant itself in Rome, but it had a very old theme -- outright PETER-worship. "Mithras was styled by the nations of the East PATOR; his temples were PATRA and PETRA and his festivals PATRICA" (Bryant, vol. 1, p.370). Yes, even Nimrod under the name Mithras, the sun-god, was called PETER! Sir James Frazer tells us of this religion of Mithra --the religion of the pagan PETER --coming to Rome. Notice it. "Among the gods of eastern origin who in the decline of the ancient world competed against eachother for the allegiance of the West was the old Persian deity of MITHRA. The immense popularity of his worship is attested by the monuments illustrative of it which have been found scattered in profusion ALL OVER THE ROMAN EMPIRE. In respect both of doctrines and of rites the cult of MITHRA appears to have presented many points of resemblance not only to the religion of the Mother of the Gods but also to Christianity" (Golden Bough, St. Martin's ed., vol.1, p.471).
Catholics Accept "Peter" Worship
What he means is that the Christianity of the third and fourth centuries had already by that time inherited so much from pagan beliefs, that this PETER-religion coming from the East found many similarities with Roman Christianity. The Catholics had already, by this late date, accepted the pagan festivals of Christmas, Easter and a host of other rituals and beliefs. Frazer continues: "Taken altogether, the coincidences of the Christian with the heathen festivals are too close and too numerous to be accidental" ([bid.,p. 475).
It was this pagan MITHRAISM which gave the most to "Christianity." Bryant shows that the chief name of MITHRA in the East was PATOR or PETER--"his temples were PATRA and PETRA and his festivals PATRICA." Everything connected with this ancient pagan religion can be traced right back to the original PETER --the original "interpreter of the mysteries" who was none other than NIMROD. This is the same mystery system which the Roman Catholics have absorbed.
Sits in "Peter's" Chair
No wonder the Roman Catholic Church claims to sit in PETER'S CHAIR and that the chief temple of the world is today called SAINT PETER'S. That Church has accepted the practices and symbols of the oldest pagan religion on earth: PETER-worship -- the religion of Nimrod. This pagan religion was believed and practiced before Christ ever told the Apostle Peter and the other Apostles that they were to have the "keys of the kingdom of heaven" (Matt. 16:19). Satan counterfeited God's true religion centuries before Christ came! This was Satan's attempt to smother God's true religion with a counterfeit that to the untrained eye looks genuine. He did this principally through Simon Magus (Pater) who amalgamated all the pagan religions into one UNIVERSAL religion and called the system "Christianity." The Bible tells us to come completely out of this false religious system masquerading under the name of Christianity. We are to get back to the faith once delivered to the saints.
Magus Degrades the Bible
The Dictionary of Religion nnd Ethics had this to say about this cardinal doctrine of SIMON PATER. "Simon taught that the precepts of the law and the prophets were inspired by angels (lesser beings) in the desire to reduce men to slavery, but those who believed in him and Helen, since they were delivered from the sinister tyranny of the law, were free to act as they would. For men are saved by grace and not by good works. The antinomianism of the Simonians issued in LIBERTINE conduct and A COMPROMISE WITH HEATHENISM" (vol. 11. p. 518).
Let's go on. "But he [Simon] promised that the world should be dissolved, and that those who were his own should be redeemed. And accordingly, HIS PRIESTS, Irenaeus tells us, led lascivious lives, used magic and incantations, made philtres, HAD FAMILIAR SPIRITS by whose aid they were able to trouble with dreams those whom they would. They had IMAGES of Simon and Helen, in the forms respectively of JUPITER and MINERVA" (Dictionary of Christian Biography, vol. 4, p. 683).
Simon Honored as Jupiter
People who had demonistic powers as Simon were honoured as gods in the first century -- even sacrifices were offered to them. Does this seem unlikely? Then read Acts 14:11-13. After seeing the great miracles that Paul and Barnabas had done through the Holy Spirit, Luke says: "When the people saw what Paul had done, they lifted up their voices, saying in the speech of Lycaonia, The gods are come down to us in the likeness of men. And they called Barnabas, Jupiter, and Paul, Mercury." Then the priest of Jupiter came out to offer them sacrifice.
Paul and Barnabas "rent their clothes" at such action. What would SIMON MAGUS have done? Or rather, what did Simon Magus do? He let the Roman Senate with the approval of the Emperor Claudius deify him as a god and erect a statue to him. And, the people who followed SIMON called him JUPITER -- at the same time calling themselves Christians. The statue that must have been dedicated to Simon was in the likeness of the chief god of the pagan world -- the god that desolated the Holy Place in God's temple --Jupiter Capitolinus.
The Hebrews honoured and regarded the number seven (seventh day Sabbath; seven holy days; Sabatical Year; etc.), but Simon and his followers made a distinct change and honoured the number eight instead (the eighth or first day of the week) (See Ante-Nicean Fathers, vol. 7, p. 379).
The Death of Simon Magus
The records regarding Simon's death vary widely. Many of the stories try to incorporate some fiction from the Greek and Egyptian myths to enhance the reader's interest in this fascinating character. But the earliest records say that he was buried in Rome after a long Period of great honour and deification. It is not clearly known where Simon Magus alias Simon Pater or Simon Jupiter was buried. But this much is known. The place of burial for ALL prophets and holy men of the Romans was in the sacred cemetery on Vatican Hill. This much is certain. Notice what Werner Keller in his The Bible as Histovy says about the so-called burial of the Catholics' Peter
(Before reading Keller's statement, let us remember that he is a thorough-going Catholic and firmly, himself, believed that the Apostle Peter was buried in Rome. However, the Bible shows nothing of the kind. Now, let's read Keller's comment-- the official comment of the Roman Catholic Church): "On the night of his death on the cross Peter's followers BURIED his body. As in the case of Jesus on the hill of Calvary it was wrapped in linen and secretly taken to a PAGAN BURIAL GROUND on the Via Cornelia, behind the stone structure of the arena. This PAGAN CEMETERY lay on a knoll called VATICANUS: the Latin word 'vatis' means a'prophet' or 'SOOTHSAYER'. In days gone by there had been an Etruscan oracle on this spot" (p.368).
What an admission! Keller ought to have better sense to know that this Peter buried in this cemetery, of all places, could NOT be the apostle Peter. In the first place, Peter was a Jew, and they had to be buried in their own cemeteries. And even if by a happen-chance a Jew could be buried in a Roman cemetery, it is most unlikely that a Jew-- especially one who attacked the Roman religion as the apostle Peter did -- would ever have been allowed into the most holy of pagan cemeteries! This cemetery was reserved for prophets, soothsayers and the great ones of pagan Rome. It would be as sensible to say that Hitler could find a place of burial in Westminster Abbey. And too, can you imagine TRUE Christians searching out a PAGAN CEMETERY-- the chief one --in which to bury the chief Christian Apostle, the inveterate enemy of PAGANISM?
This place, of all places, could not be the place of the Apostle Peter's burial -- even if he had been in Rome. But, there is really no better place for the burial of SIMON MAGUS. He had been, and was being, honoured as a god -- not only by the people of Rome, but even by the Emperor and the Senate.
Catholic Church Accepts SIMON MAGUS' Teachings
We have the record of history which tells us that Simon's teaching spread like wildfire --especially in Rome where he was honoured as a god. In fact, after going there he made that city his headquarters. But let us recall that the followers of Simon called themselves TRUE Christians. Simon steadfastly adhered to this. In fact, it finally became the desired name for his followers to use. The names Simonians and Samaritans began to die out in the 2nd century A.D. Justin tells us that some were still going by the parent name in his day (152 AD). But by the time of Origen (220 AD), he states that there were hardly 30 people in the world which went by the parent name. Yet Eusebius, who lived about 100 years later, said they were indeed still numerous all over the world.
The fact is, they were divorcing themselves from the use of the name SIMON or Samaritans because by the 4th ccntury their names were beginning to have an odious connotation to them. Nonetheless the Simonians were very much around -- this time with the name of "Christian." And we have the exact testimony of Eusebius himself
(325 AD) that these people were flocking into the Catholic Church. Notice what Eusebius says, after stating that Simon Magus in the days of the Apostles received baptism and feigned Christian belief: "And what is more surprising, the same thing IS DONE EVEN TO THIS DAY by those who follow HIS most impure heresy. For they. after the manner of their fore- father, SLIPPING INTO THE CHURCH, like a pestilential and leprous disease GREATLY AFFLICT THOSE [a great number of people) into whom they are able to infuse the deadly and terrible poison concealed in themselves" (Eccl. Hist., 11, ch. 1, sect. 12).
This is amazing testimony, for Eusebius is telling us that these people were now "Christians" and that they were corrupting the entire church as a pestilential disease which hits the whole body. Eusebius later maintains that the chief troublemakers were being expelled from the Catholic Church. But how could they expel all of them? Almost the whole church by this time was affected.
It is not to be supposed that all of the early heretical sects were direct branches of the Simon Magus religion. By the end of the first century there were at least 50 minor sects. The Simon Magus group represented several of these sects, but not all of them. The truth is, the Simonians, whose headquarters were at Rome, finally ab- sorbed ALL these minor sects by the fifth century.
Simonism IS Catholicism
It is also true that even some of the Catholics (in Eusebius' time) were unwilling to go all the way and accept the SIMON MAGUS doctrines of IMAGES, PICTURES, INCANTATIONS, etc., but within another hundred years, history shows the bars were let down completely.
But in Eusebius' day, he even balked at their bringing outright images into the churches and worshiping them. Notice what he finally says of these "Christians" of SIMON: "Simon was the author of all heresy. From his time down to the present those who have followed his heresy have FEIGNED the sober philosophy of the Christians, which is celebrated among all on account of its purity of life. But they nevertheless have embraced again the superstitions of idols, which they seemed [ostentatiously] to have renounced; and they fall down before pictures and images of Simon himself and of the above-mentioned Helena who was with him [that is, the images of JUPITER and MINERVA --the Catholics do exactly this today]; and they venture to worship them with incense and sacrifices and libations" (Eccl. Hist. 2,13,6).
What clear and revealing statements! Eusebius is not talking about what he considers distinct heretics outside the Catholic Church. He is talking about the MAJOR group IN THAT CHURCH which was continually adding more and more on a large scale. He attributes these evils to the "Christians" who followed SIMON MAGUS. They were so active in his day INSIDE THE CHURCH as to give him grave concern. But what happened? Did the few Catholic leaders of the 4th century who abhorred outright IDOLATRY manage to persuade the masses to give it up and turn away from the SIMONIANS (now called Christians) who were the cause of it all? The answer from history is NO! The Simonian "Christians" won out. Imagery, idolatry and paganism became the Universal Church just as planned in the very beginning by SIMON MAGUS -- or by the Devil who possessed him.
The Seven Churches of Revelation
Christ tells us in the plainest language which people initiated the false system. It was the SAMARITANS -- the followers of Simon Magus. Notice: "Behold, I will make them of the Synagogue of Satan, which say they are Jews, and are not, but do LIE; behold, I will make them to come and worship before thy feet" (Rev. 3:9).
We also read of these false people called by this same name afflicting the Christians of the Smyrna church era (Rev. 2:9). The identification is repeated TWICE and both are describing conditions hundreds of years apart. Now the question remains: WHO ARE INTENDED? The answer is so clear. They are Samaritan-Christians, that is, the followers of SIMON MAGUS the Samaritan!
"When the Jews are in adversity they [the Samaritans] deny that they are kin to them, and THEN THEY CONFESS THE TRUTH; but when they perceive that some good fortune hath befallen them, they immediately PRETEND to have commune with them, saying, that they BELONG to them, and desire their genealogy from the posterity of Joseph, Ephraim and Manasseh" (Antiquities, XI, 8, 6). Their own records show they came from Babylon and surrounding areas. But notice that the Samaritan woman at the well confirms this FICTIONAL ANCESTRY by saying "Art thou greater than OUR father Jacob, which gave us the well?" (John 4:12). Josephus continues about these Samaritans: "And when they see the Jews in prosperity, they PRETEND they are changed and allied to them, and call them kinsmen, as though they were derived from Joseph, and had by that means an original alliance with them; but when they see them falling into a low condition, they say that they are no way related to them, and that the Jews have no right to expect any kindness or marks of KINDRED from them, but they declare that they are sojourners, that come from OTHER countries" (Antiquities, IX, 14, 3). But "the Jews have no dealings with the Samaritans" (John 4:9). This is made plain by Christ Himself when He first sent forth the twelve. He charged them: "Go not into the way of the Gentiles, and into any city of the Samaritans enter ye not: but go rather to the lost sheep of the house of Israel" (Matt. 10:5-6).
Therefore the synagogue of Satan is those "Samaritan-Christians" -- the followers of Simon Magus. The phrase "which say they are JEWS, and are not, but do LIE" (Rev. 3:9) can be coupled with Romans 2:29 that says, "he is a JEW who is one inwardly; and circumcision is that of the heart, in the spirit" proving that the real definition of a "JEW" is someone who is a genuine CHRISTIAN -- and the real definition of a "CHRISTIAN" is a genuine JEW. They claim to be CHRISTIAN and are not but do LIE. In the Ephesus Era were those who "say they are APOSTLES, and are not, and hast found them LIARS" (Rev. 2:2). Only one man heretically sought an APOSTLESHIP and never repented of his desire to have that office -- it was Simon Magus. Simon established his own false "CHRISTIANITY" with his own false APOSTLES. But notice that both verses -- Rev. 2:2 & 3:9 -- are almost IDENTICAL. These people were SAMARITAN-CHRISTIANS. Jesus said, "Ye worship ye know not what. We know what we worship; for salvation is of the JEWS" (John 4:22) -- not the SAMARITANS. The woman at the well had FIVE HUSBANDS. The original Babylonian tribes which became the SAMARITANS were FIVE in number -- each with its own FALSE GOD (2 Kings 17:24-41). Thus these Samaritans, who claimed to be worshipping YHWH, were in reality, like the woman at the well, committing ADULTERY with FIVE spiritual husbands (John 4:18).
Next Lesson: By Persecuting Christians, Saul Persecuted Jesus | Back to Home | Email Us


Balinese Primordial Sound Meditation: Practice that involves meditating silently with a personalized mantra that represents the sound vibration of the universe at the precise place (longitude and latitude) and moment of your birth.
Tai Chi:The essential principles include mind integrated with the body; control of movements and breathing; generating internal energy, mindfulness, song (loosening) and jing (serenity).
Qi Gong:Holistic system of coordinated body posture and movement, breathing, and meditation used for health, spirituality, and martial arts training.
To book or know more about our courses you can download our App here.


This is an Edwardian, antique desk dating to c.1910.
Crafted in English oak that displays medullary rays and good graining in the mellow waxed finish, this writing table offers a solid and stable proposition.
Raised on tapering, turned legs on cup feet the desk features an arched kneehole and a pair of drawers beneath desk extension slide. The drawers dressed with broad, shaped pulls.
The desktop is in good order with moulded edge detail and the side and back panels too are in good order allowing centre room placement if required.
A vernacular piece with solid joints and construction, delivered waxed, polished and ready for the home.


Have you been to Buenos Aires or the famous Recoleta Cemetery? Let us know your experience in the comments below.
Don't forget to Subscribe to our YouTube channel for more great travel videos and articles!
Rubber tramp by day. Software designer by night. I'm a travel enthusiast who loves finding the road less traveled.


About 40 youths that spent their summer cleaning Saint Paul's Dayton's Bluff neighborhood were honored recently by the Dayton's Bluff Community Council. Ranging in age from 9 to 17 years old, the kids hailed from summer programs at the Margaret and Dayton's Bluff recreation centers.
The youngsters took time out of their care-free days of summer to clean up trash and put up anti-littering signs around St. Paul's Dayton's Bluff neighborhood. They spent days cleaning up trash from 20 seven-block areas.
"We have a lot of youth here who really care about the community," project coordinator Erin Sobaski said.
Community organizer and 31-year neighborhood resident Karin DuPaul says that the programs at the recreation centers give youths direction and help them build pride for their neighborhood.
The litter pickup was "a good opportunity to show a different side of themselves," said youth worker Colin Moore, one of two youth workers who supervised the kids each day throughout the summer. The kids didn't even seem to mind picking up other people's trash.
"They were thrilled to be given a sense of responsibility for their own neighborhood," Moore said.
The litter-cleaning group hopes the effects of the neighborhood cleanup will last. And new connections between teenagers have spawned new teen groups, such as a break-dancing group at the Dayton's Bluff center.
What a great way to teach younger generations how to take pride in their communities.


text:
LEVEES AND LITIGATION: ADAPTIVE GOVERNANCE IN THE EVERGLADES
By Liz Ivkovich, Sustainability Office.
A vast network of canals and levees has turned Florida's watery Everglades into a landscape of farms and suburban homes. Tight regulations mandate how water gets moved around, and where it gets delivered. But these water management practices are not without controversy or destructive environmental impacts, having transformed a formerly dynamic wetland into a heavily-managed and brittle system. When tested by increasing floods, the system can't adapt.
What are the obstacles preventing the system from adapting? Through an investigation of the Everglades region and five other large-scale water systems, ecologist Lance Gunderson considers these obstacles and ways to overcome them.
Gunderson will present this research at the Global Change and Sustainability Center's Seminar Series, Tuesday, March 21, 4-5 pm in ASB.
"0Merritt Pump Station construction Sept 2010 4" by JaxStrong is licensed under CC BY 2.0.
When the floods come, a major obstacle facing the Everglades are how the resolutions to any water disputes are solved – through litigation. Litigation pushes the system into a "rigidity" that inhibits managers from making effective decisions, Gunderson explained.
"The system can't adapt to find other ways of getting rid of flood water which would help the environment, rather than flushing water out to the coast," Gunderson said.
Though tight regulation presents a number of obstacles, the system's rigidity has one bright spot – it has forced people to work outside of the system to find solutions. These small groups of stakeholders like scientists, residents, and government officials Gunderson calls "adaptive governance structures."
"Rather than work in those formal ways of resolving conflicts, which I think pushes the system into that rigidity, you are now seeing the emergence of small groups, who actually are working outside the existing formal system of governance. These groups want to think about ways of solving these complex problems rather than going to court," Gunderson stated.
Gunderson was a part of one such adaptive governance group in the 1990's. His group worked together to devise different ways of thinking about water management that ultimately led to a 12-billion dollar system restoration plan in the Everglades.
"Weir on Faka Union Canal" by JaxStrong is licensed under CC BY 2.0.
In addition to the Everglades wetlands, Gunderson will explore adaptive governance case studies from five other regional scale water systems. These systems are the Columbia River, Klamath River, Middle Rio Grande River, Central Platte River, and the Anacostia River.
Gunderson's research demonstrates his professional commitment to exploring ecological issues from interdisciplinary perspectives. When asked about why interdisciplinary matters to him, Gunderson explained that complex issues require input from many different disciplinary perspectives.
"In the real world, these environmental problems are not just ecological problems. They are people problems as much as they are ecological problems. So, you really need to think about ways of getting all of these stakeholders together to resolve the environmental issues."
Learn more on Tuesday, March 21, 4-5 pm in ASB.
Cover Photo: "Scientist surveys a throw trap sample in the Phase I restoration area to evaluate prey availability for the wading birds and waterfowl" by JaxStrong is licensed under CC BY 2.0.


text:
Q: Creating a flow from actor in Akka Streams It's possible to create sources and sinks from actors using Source.actorPublisher() and Sink.actorSubscriber() methods respectively. But is it possible to create a Flow from actor?
Conceptually there doesn't seem to be a good reason not to, given that it implements both ActorPublisher and ActorSubscriber traits, but unfortunately, the Flow object doesn't have any method for doing this. In this excellent blog post it's done in an earlier version of Akka Streams, so the question is if it's possible also in the latest (2.4.9) version.

A: I'm part of the Akka team and would like to use this question to clarify a few things about the raw Reactive Streams interfaces. I hope you'll find this useful.
Most notably, we'll be posting multiple posts on the Akka team blog about building custom stages, including Flows, soon, so keep an eye on it.
Don't use ActorPublisher / ActorSubscriber
Please don't use ActorPublisher and ActorSubscriber. They're too low level and you might end up implementing them in such a way that's violating the Reactive Streams specification. They're a relict of the past and even then were only "power-user mode only". There really is no reason to use those classes nowadays. We never provided a way to build a flow because the complexity is simply explosive if it was exposed as "raw" Actor API for you to implement and get all the rules implemented correctly.
If you really really want to implement raw ReactiveStreams interfaces, then please do use the Specification's TCK to verify your implementation is correct. You will likely be caught off guard by some of the more complex corner cases a Flow (or in RS terminology a Processor has to handle).
Most operations are possible to build without going low-level
Many flows you should be able to simply build by building from a Flow[T] and adding the needed operations onto it, just as an example:
val newFlow: Flow[String, Int, NotUsed] = Flow[String].map(_.toInt)

Which is a reusable description of the Flow.
Since you're asking about power user mode, this is the most powerful operator on the DSL itself: statefulFlatMapConcat. The vast majority of operations operating on plain stream elements is expressable using it: Flow.statefulMapConcat[T](f: () ⇒ (Out) ⇒ Iterable[T]): Repr[T].
If you need timers you could zip with a Source.timer etc.
GraphStage is the simplest and safest API to build custom stages
Instead, building Sources/Flows/Sinks has its own powerful and safe API: the GraphStage. Please read the documentation about building custom GraphStages (they can be a Sink/Source/Flow or even any arbitrary shape). It handles all of the complex Reactive Streams rules for you, while giving you full freedom and type-safety while implementing your stages (which could be a Flow).
For example, taken from the docs, is an GraphStage implementation of the filter(T => Boolean) operator:
class Filter[A](p: A => Boolean) extends GraphStage[FlowShape[A, A]] {

  val in = Inlet[A]("Filter.in")
  val out = Outlet[A]("Filter.out")

  val shape = FlowShape.of(in, out)

  override def createLogic(inheritedAttributes: Attributes): GraphStageLogic =
    new GraphStageLogic(shape) {
      setHandler(in, new InHandler {
        override def onPush(): Unit = {
          val elem = grab(in)
          if (p(elem)) push(out, elem)
          else pull(in)
        }
      })
      setHandler(out, new OutHandler {
        override def onPull(): Unit = {
          pull(in)
        }
      })
    }
}

It also handles asynchronous channels and is fusable by default.
In addition to the docs, these blog posts explain in detail why this API is the holy grail of building custom stages of any shape:

*

*Akka team blog: Mastering GraphStages (part 1, introduction) - a high level overview

*... tomorrow we'll publish one about it's API as well...

*Kunicki blog: Implementing a Custom Akka Streams Graph Stage - another example implementing sources (really applies 1:1 to building Flows)

A: Here is a solution build by using a graph stage. The actor has to acknowledge all messages in order to have back-pressure. The actor is notified when the stream fails/completes and the stream fails when the actor terminates.
This can be useful if you don't want to use ask, e.g. when not every input message has a corresponding output message.
import akka.actor.{ActorRef, Status, Terminated}
import akka.stream._
import akka.stream.stage.{GraphStage, GraphStageLogic, InHandler, OutHandler}

object ActorRefBackpressureFlowStage {
  case object StreamInit
  case object StreamAck
  case object StreamCompleted
  case class StreamFailed(ex: Throwable)
  case class StreamElementIn[A](element: A)
  case class StreamElementOut[A](element: A)
}

/**
  * Sends the elements of the stream to the given `ActorRef` that sends back back-pressure signal.
  * First element is always `StreamInit`, then stream is waiting for acknowledgement message
  * `ackMessage` from the given actor which means that it is ready to process
  * elements. It also requires `ackMessage` message after each stream element
  * to make backpressure work. Stream elements are wrapped inside `StreamElementIn(elem)` messages.
  *
  * The target actor can emit elements at any time by sending a `StreamElementOut(elem)` message, which will
  * be emitted downstream when there is demand.
  *
  * If the target actor terminates the stage will fail with a WatchedActorTerminatedException.
  * When the stream is completed successfully a `StreamCompleted` message
  * will be sent to the destination actor.
  * When the stream is completed with failure a `StreamFailed(ex)` message will be send to the destination actor.
  */
class ActorRefBackpressureFlowStage[In, Out](private val flowActor: ActorRef) extends GraphStage[FlowShape[In, Out]] {

  import ActorRefBackpressureFlowStage._

  val in: Inlet[In] = Inlet("ActorFlowIn")
  val out: Outlet[Out] = Outlet("ActorFlowOut")

  override def createLogic(inheritedAttributes: Attributes): GraphStageLogic = new GraphStageLogic(shape) {

    private lazy val self = getStageActor {
      case (_, StreamAck) =>
        if(firstPullReceived) {
          if (!isClosed(in) && !hasBeenPulled(in)) {
            pull(in)
          }
        } else {
          pullOnFirstPullReceived = true
        }

      case (_, StreamElementOut(elemOut)) =>
        val elem = elemOut.asInstanceOf[Out]
        emit(out, elem)

      case (_, Terminated(targetRef)) =>
        failStage(new WatchedActorTerminatedException("ActorRefBackpressureFlowStage", targetRef))

      case (actorRef, unexpected) =>
        failStage(new IllegalStateException(s"Unexpected message: `$unexpected` received from actor `$actorRef`."))
    }
    var firstPullReceived: Boolean = false
    var pullOnFirstPullReceived: Boolean = false

    override def preStart(): Unit = {
      //initialize stage actor and watch flow actor.
      self.watch(flowActor)
      tellFlowActor(StreamInit)
    }

    setHandler(in, new InHandler {

      override def onPush(): Unit = {
        val elementIn = grab(in)
        tellFlowActor(StreamElementIn(elementIn))
      }

      override def onUpstreamFailure(ex: Throwable): Unit = {
        tellFlowActor(StreamFailed(ex))
        super.onUpstreamFailure(ex)
      }

      override def onUpstreamFinish(): Unit = {
        tellFlowActor(StreamCompleted)
        super.onUpstreamFinish()
      }
    })

    setHandler(out, new OutHandler {
      override def onPull(): Unit = {
        if(!firstPullReceived) {
          firstPullReceived = true
          if(pullOnFirstPullReceived) {
            if (!isClosed(in) && !hasBeenPulled(in)) {
              pull(in)
            }
          }
        }

      }

      override def onDownstreamFinish(): Unit = {
        tellFlowActor(StreamCompleted)
        super.onDownstreamFinish()
      }
    })

    private def tellFlowActor(message: Any): Unit = {
      flowActor.tell(message, self.ref)
    }

  }

  override def shape: FlowShape[In, Out] = FlowShape(in, out)

}

A: Konrad's solution demonstrates how to create a custom stage that utilizes Actors, but in most cases I think that is a bit overkill.
Usually you have some Actor that is capable of responding to questions:
val actorRef : ActorRef = ???

type Input = ???
type Output = ???

val queryActor : Input => Future[Output] =
  (actorRef ? _) andThen (_.mapTo[Output])

This can be easily utilized with basic Flow functionality which takes in the maximum number of concurrent requests:
val actorQueryFlow : Int => Flow[Input, Output, _] =
  (parallelism) => Flow[Input].mapAsync[Output](parallelism)(queryActor)

Now actorQueryFlow can be integrated into any stream...


text:
Home > Al Capone's reign about to end...
Al Capone's reign about to end...
THE NORWICH SUN, New York, October 15, 1931
* Al Capone - Chicago mob boss
* Tax evasion trial ending
* Capone a bad gambler?
This 16 page newspaper has one column headlines on the front page: "Bookmakers State Capone is "Sucker"" "They Testify He Lost and Paid Thousands Without Complaint"
Tells of the beginning of the end of Al Capone as he would receive a guilty verdict that would send him to prison for 11 years.
Other news of the day with small report on Thomas Edison nearing death. Light browning, otherwise good.
wikipedia notes: In 1929, Bureau of Prohibition agent Eliot Ness began a successful investigation of Capone and his business. Shutting down many breweries and speakeasies Capone owned, Ness brought down his empire slowly. To lie low, Capone arranged to have himself jailed in a comfortable cell at Philadelphia's Eastern State Penitentiary for nine months beginning August 1929. Upon his return to Chicago, he quickly found himself in the legal quagmire that effectively removed him from power.
Al Capone's comfortable cell at the Eastern State Penitentiary
In 1931 Capone was indicted for income tax evasion and various violations of the Volstead Act. Facing overwhelming evidence, his attorneys made a plea deal, but the presiding judge warned he might not follow the sentencing recommendation from the prosecution, so Capone withdrew his plea of guilty. Attempting to bribe and intimidate the potential jurors, his plan was discovered by Ness' men. The jury pool was then switched with one from another case, and Capone was stymied. Following a long trial, he was found guilty on some income tax evasion counts (the Volstead Act violations were dropped). The judge gave him an eleven-year sentence along with heavy fines, and liens were filed against his various properties. His appeal was denied. In May 1932, Capone was sent to Atlanta U.S. Penitentiary, a tough federal prison, but he was able to obtain special privileges. He was then transferred to Alcatraz, where tight security and an uncompromising warden ensured that Capone had no contact with the outside world. His isolation from his associates and the repeal of Prohibition in December, 1933, precipitously diminished his power.
Bobby Fischer wins World chess title....
HMS Courageous (50) sunk disaster...
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi arrested...


text:
Observations / september 2017
Third Quarter Draws to an End
By Kelly Gibson
As the 3rd quarter draws to an end and we move into the 4th quarter, July closed sales were down 25.8% from June and down 20.2% from July 2016. July pended sales were down 22.2% from the previous month and up 0.6% from July 2016.
There were 1,131 new construction homes for sale in July, which is down 0.6% from last month but up 15.1% from last year.
The average sale price of a new construction home in July was $329,000, which is up $5,000 from last year! The average price per square foot for the month of July was $190, compared to $187 per square foot last year at this time.
The new construction market had 895 single-family homes for sale in the month of July, compared to 823 homes at this time last year. That's an increase of 8.7% and works out to 6 months of inventory based on closed sales and 6.6 months of inventory based on pended sales.
For single-family homes, the average price was $339,000 in July, which is up $5,000 from last year. The average price per square foot for the month of July was $191, compared to $189 per square foot last year at this time.
In the multi-family new construction market, 228 units were for sale in the month of July, compared to 239 homes in July of 2016. That's a decrease of 4.6% and works out to 10.4 months of inventory based on closed sales and 7.6 months of inventory based on pended sales.
The average sale price of a new construction multi-family unit was $265,000 in July, which is up $17,000 from last year. The average price per square foot for the month of July was $183, compared to $168 per square foot last year at this time.
The top new construction metro markets for single-family homes are: Ankeny, Waukee, West Des Moines, Grimes and Bondurant.
The top new construction metro markets for multi-family homes are: Ankeny, Johnston, Waukee, Norwalk, and Altoona.
As we close out the 3rd quarter and move into the last quarter of the year, interest rates are holding steady at 3.875%.
Kelly Gibson is the New Homes Manager at Iowa Realty. Kelly can be reached at 515-453-6706 or KLGibson@IowaRealty.com.
Predictions for 2020
8 Home Design Trends
2020 Color Trends
2019 New Construction Market Rallied Its Way Back
Change By Stopping the "Stupid Stuff"
Financial Tips for Snowbirds… Present and Future
Showers Reign in Master Bathroom Remodels
Copyright © 2020 Home Productions, LLC. All rights reserved.


text:
What Are Silver Jubilee Coins? Are They Worth Investing?
What Are Silver Jubilee Coins?
What Do Silver Jubilee Coins Look Like?
Are Silver Jubilee Coins Worth Anything?
What Makes Commemorative Coins Worth Collecting?
Interested in buying silver jubilee coins? The coin experts at Oxford Gold Group are here to help! — Call us today!
If you've ever come across a silver jubilee coin, you may be wondering what it is. Or, if you're interested in coin collecting, this might be the addition you've been searching for. Either way, you may be wondering what their significance is and what they're worth.
Circulating back to the 19th-century royal crown, these coins can certainly raise eyebrows for history buffs. And while their true value is often debated, it's no question these coins hold major historical significance.
Over several decades, the royal institution has created and designed its very own jubilee coins for major occasions. Notably, for Queen Elizabeth II's coronation, the first jubilee coin was established in her honor, symbolizing the start of her reign. So, what truly makes these coins special?
Here, we'll dive into what exactly a silver jubilee coin is and if they're worth investing in.
In celebration of Her Majesty, the Queen of the British monarch, a jubilee coin commemorates the crown and its accomplishments. Historically, the first jubilee coin was given to Queen Elizabeth II during the 1953 coronation and was made from cupronickel. Its purpose signified the historical essence of the beginning of Her Majesty's reign.
Since then, other jubilee coins have been released, such as the 1977 Jubilee UK Crown coin that marked Queen Elizabeth II's 25-years on the throne. This coin, in particular, is the first silver coin of its kind and was minted in 1977 with 37.3 million total mintages. However, only 377,000 were Silver Jubilee coins, which explains their higher value. As with any coin, mint condition coins will be worth more than their circulated counterparts.
The 1977 silver jubilee coin was created by Arnold Machin, the Queen's designer and sculptor of Her Majesty's portrait found on UK's stamps. Its inspiration comes from no other than the 1953 Coronation UK Crown coin. The 1977 Silver Jubilee UK Crown coin was the first to omit a date and inscription. This silver jubilee coin is especially unique since it's the last jubilee coin with a face value of 25 pence. Commemorative crown coins minted after 1990 have a face value of five euros.
25-years later came the 2002 Golden Jubilee UK Crown coin, marking Her Majesty, Queen Elizabeth II's five decades on the throne. Two more coins came after with the 2012 Diamond Jubilee UK Crown coin and the Sapphire Jubilee Guernsey Coin. All three coins have a face value of five euros.
Each silver jubilee coin is unique but maintains the sense of class and elegance as the next. Looking back at the 1953 Coronation UK Crown coin, it was made from cupronickel rather than silver, and its design was unusual for the time. An inscription reading, "Faith and Truth I will bear Unto You," is accompanied by an engraving of Her Majesty riding horseback during the 1953 Trooping of the Colour ceremony. This particular jubilee coin established the basis for future coins to come. For those interested in silver jubilee coins, this is a great one to start with.
The 1977 Silver Jubilee UK Crown coin is slightly different. Here, we see this coin changing in terms of material and, of course, design. However, Arnold Machin constructed this coin with a design closely related to the 1953 coronation coin. Her Majesty is seen sitting on a horse with the anointing spoon and Ampulla originating from royal decorations. On the reverse side, the crown is surrounded by a floral pattern.
What sets the 1977 Silver Jubilee UK Crown coin apart from other coins is the lack of date and inscription on the reverse side, which is quite unusual for royal UK Crown coins. It's also important to note that this coin's value is 25 pence, while future coins are worth 5 euros. This price difference can represent more value to historians and collectors. It stands out against the rest of Queen Elizabeth II's coins in comparison to face value and design.
The 2002 Golden Jubilee UK Crown marks Her Majesty's 50 years as Queen. Sculpted and designed by Ian Rank-Broadley FRBS, this coin shows a portrait of the Queen on one side with "five euros" inscribed below. On the reverse side, the Queen is seen again on horseback, inspired by the previous two jubilee coins.
The Diamond Jubilee UK Crown coin of 2012 commemorates Her Majesty's 60-years on the royal throne. This is especially important since Queen Elizabeth II is the only other Queen to reach this milestone (the first being Queen Victoria). On one side, the Queen is wearing the Order of the Garter robes, inspired by the statues outside the Parliament's supreme court building. The reverse side shows a younger depiction of the Queen, inspired by Mary Gillick's portrait of Queen Elizabeth II.
The most current jubilee coin is the 2017 Sapphire Jubilee Guernsey Coin. This coin signifies the 65th year of Queen Elizabeth II's reign, the first Queen to reach this milestone. Since this is such a pivotal, historical landmark, the limited edition five euro coin was distributed by Bailiwick Guernsey. Her Majesty's ex-Royal mint engraver designed this jubilee coin which accents the Sovereign's specters originating from the Coronation regalia. The number 65 is engraved at the top to signify the number of years Her Majesty has reigned. At the bottom, a single blue sapphire sits opposite the engraved 65.
Looking specifically at the 1977 Silver Jubilee Crown Coin, many were made from silver, but some were made with cupronickel, which can be lower in value. Those that are made from exclusively silver can be worth up to thirty euros. So, yes, they're worth something. But, this doesn't mean you'll get a massive return on your investment.
While these coins, ranging from the first to most current, are not worth exorbitant amounts of money, they do hold value. When these coins were released, there were millions in circulation, meaning they were easily accessible. However, as decades pass, they become more valuable as commemorative items than the price value itself. This is attributed to the slow regression of accessibility rather than when they were released. These one-of-a-kind coins are great for collectors or historians interested in adding something to their coin portfolio.
For the 1977 Silver Jubilee Crown Coin, this was the last of its kind to have a face value of 25 pence; therefore, it might be more valuable than the other coins mentioned. Coins made after 1990 hold a value of 5 euros which is significantly less than the 1977 coin. Even though we see a decrease in price value, this doesn't mean overall value is diminished. Adding a silver jubilee coin to your collection can be a great conversation starter, get passed down generations, and can slowly increase in value. Sometimes, nothing is better than historical value, especially with coins.
Commemorative coins, especially jubilee coins, are popular to collect. These types of coins are made to symbolize a specific day and event. Because they're designed to commemorate something, they're often something people like to collect to remember specific points in history.
Since these coins were explicitly made for certain days and events, they are often seen as a rare commodity. While millions of these coins are typically made, over the years, the more people sell, trade, and collect these coins, the less we see of them. That's why when you have a commemorative coin, it can gain value over time (depending on when they were made). For example, the 1953 Coronation UK Crown coin could be worth more than the 2017 Sapphire Jubilee Guernsey Coin based on its age and, potentially, its rarity.
Sometimes, members of the public find these coins worth collecting based on their historical and political impacts across the globe. Many leaders choose to collect commemorative coins either from inside or outside their country. It's a great conversation piece and can gain value over time.
If you're looking to slowly develop your coin portfolio, look no further than silver jubilee coins! We know the difficulties of jumpstarting a new portfolio, and that's why the coins professionals at Oxford Gold Group are here to help you along the way.
For decades, we've worked with clients to achieve their investment and financial goals. Our team understands the risks and rewards of collecting commemorative coins for your investment portfolio. The professionals at Oxford Gold Group will ensure your silver jubilee coins are safe and secure.
Are you interested in buying silver jubilee coins to enhance your investment portfolio? Or, are you looking to collect? Let the experts at Oxford Gold Group help you keep your investments safe and reach your financial dreams.
Give us a call today at 833-600-GOLD (4653) or visit our contact page to learn more!
Frank A. Barber
Frank A. Barber is a finance, travel, and technology writer based in Beverly Hills, California. He is a former bank manager and corporate finance professional who left his day job in 2018 to educate and write finance articles full-time.
Request Our Free Precious Metals Investment Guide
Want to learn more about investing in precious metals? Get our deeply informative investment guide, free of charge.
Your Guide for Silver IRA-Approved Investment Options
When preparing for retirement, you may wonder how you can boost your savings with precious metals like gold and silver. IRA-approved silver offers some significant
Exploring the Lowest-Mintage U.S. Coins: A Beginner's Guide
Are you interested in collecting rare coins? Did you know that some low-mintage silver coins are worth hundreds of dollars? Collecting rare coins can be
Coin Collecting for Beginners: A Complete Guide
Are you interested in beginning your coin-collecting journey but don't know where to start? You've come to the right place. Researching "coin collecting for beginners"
EDUCATION BEFORE INVESTING
Learn How A Precious Metals IRA Can Secure Your Retirement
The precious metals market may seem intimidating, but it's not as it seems. Our team has compiled a summary of our tips and information into a free guide so you can learn how to begin securing your future.


text:
package org.apache.xbean.osgi.bundle.util;

/**
 * @version $Rev$ $Date$
 */
public interface ResourceDiscoveryFilter {

    public boolean rangeDiscoveryRequired(DiscoveryRange discoveryRange);

    public boolean zipFileDiscoveryRequired(String url);

    public boolean directoryDiscoveryRequired(String url);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Here's the Plan for Melbourne's New Four-Kilometre Greenline
It'll be "one of the largest networks of green spaces in Melbourne", said the lord mayor. And a new greenified area – almost as big as an Olympic swimming pool – will be ready this summer.
Photography: Courtesy of City of Melbourne
by Tomas Telegramma
In May, the City of Melbourne unveiled a new, $300 million proposal – the Greenline project – that envisioned the city's Northbank precinct completely greenified.
Its aim? To draw more people to the waterfront with a series of connected parklands linking the four-kilometre stretch between Birrarung Marr and the Bolte Bridge.
At that time, Lord Mayor Sally Capp likened the plan to the New York City High Line, saying it would be one of the largest developments Melbourne has undergone since Southbank Promenade was completed in 1990 and Fed Square opened in 2002.
Today, the City of Melbourne has released more details around its vision for the "game-changing" project, following community consultation with around 400 people.
"Greenline will create one of the largest networks of green spaces in Melbourne, creating a six-metre-wide promenade – roughly the width of two traffic lanes," Capp said in a statement.
As well as that expansion, the Greenline plan includes a new park at the Salt Water Wharf precinct; improvements and upgrades to Flinders Walk and Banana Alley; increased tree-canopy cover; and an uninterrupted riverside link to Docklands.
Also in development: a floating wetlands trial and a new maritime heritage trail.
But it's not all in the planning stages. "We're already upgrading Enterprize Park – an early milestone of Greenline – which will be completed just in time for summer," Capp said. "Locals and visitors will soon enjoy an extra 1000 square metres of green lawn – almost the size of one Olympic swimming pool – with better views and access along the river."


I admit it, I splurged recently….on a Fujifilm SP-2 polaroid printer.
Electronics are not really in my repertoire of things to buy, but after I found out that Fujifilm (the same company that makes Josh's awesome camera) had come out with a Polaroid printer, I was intrigued.
Turns out, there are already three generations of these printers, SP-1, SP-2 and SP-3. From my understanding, the SP-2 was a faster, more up to date version of the SP-1. While the SP-3, which was released recently, prints larger Polaroids. The SP-3 looked really nice, but the printer was a bit more expensive, as well as the film that it uses. So I decided on an SP-2 printer, since it was more up to date, that uses the same film as the Instax cameras (very common).
Maybe a few of you can relate, but only taking one photo to capture the perfect moment would probably drive me crazy. And, to top it off, it might not come out right. Let's say the film is damaged, you moved too soon and it's blurry, or there was too much or too little light. All of these factors can ruin a picture.
The SP-2 connects directly, via its own wifi signal, to your phone and you select the photo you want to print out. In the free app, you can also decide which direction you want to photo to print (vertical or horizontal), you can add a filter, or even add some cute banners to the photo! Want your friend to have the same Polaroid photo for safe keeping? Just hit reprint!
Before Josh and I go somewhere, we always have the debate, "Should we bring the camera?" Josh has a Fujifilm X-T20, which captures some amazing photos. So if it came down to, should we bring the Polaroid camera or the super nice camera, we would obviously choose Josh's. And who wants to carry around 2 cameras?
If you have a Polaroid camera, every photo you take doesn't have a backup. So let's say you take a photo you love? What if you lose it? What if it gets damaged?
By have a printer, I will always have those photos backed up on the camera or on my phone. I have Polaroids, taken from a friends camera, from when I first moved out to San Francisco. I love those photos, they are a great reminder of such a monumental step I took. But they are slowly fading and I don't have a way to keep them alive!
Thank you! Fujifilm is a great company, we have loved camera, so with all of the great polaroid printers, we knew the SP-2 would be a great fit.
Looking forward to reading more posts and seeing more photos!