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Caroline Catz: Decoding Delia Derbyshire
Caroline Catz: Decoding Delia DerbyshireJ. FletcherJune 15, 2021 March 22, 2022
The name Delia Derbyshire may sound like a superhero sidekick from the pages of 80's limited comic series, but the moniker actually belongs to one of the most undervalued pioneers of contemporary electronic music. In fact, Derbyshire's influence across the English music scene remains one of the industry's most underappreciated ?? , with many of her innovative techniques, derived from a genius level intellect, having established a quantum bridge between technology, creativity, and the real-world applications of sound mapping. No small feat for a woman who, during the 1960's often found herself shackled under the patriarchy of BBC management and the prevalent misogyny of the era.
And while Derbyshire has finally found some recognition for her work posthumously – thanks in part to the discovery of 267 reel-to-reel tapes accompanied by thousands of pages and personal notes relating her work – the imminent release of the superb docu-drama, deftly crafted and executed by acclaimed actor and director Caroline Catz, that will likely connect audiences on a more intrinsically personal level with the complex, troubled and accidental feminist. A complex woman who not only gave the world the instantly recognisable theme music to Doctor Who, but whose tenacity and creative soul remains an essential foundation of today's house, dance and electro music.
Marking its Australian Premiere at the 2021 Revelation Film Festival in Perth, we connected with director and star Caroline Catz to discuss her exceptional new film Delia Derbyshire: The Myths And The Legendary Tapes, its origins, inherent allegories and why Delia's legacy continues to resonate.
Fletcher: One of the more fascinating aspects of Delia Derbyshire is the anonymity that surrounded her name for so long. Much of her work was simply credited to the BBC Radiophonic Workshop or published without any associated credit. When did you personally become familiar with the name Delia Derbyshire?
Caroline Catz: I'd had this idea to make the film for years, ever since Delia's Archive appeared at Manchester University. It was literally her boxes of quarter inch tapes, 267 tapes, a thousand papers, all stored in cereal boxes… all of which I'd read about in the newspaper.
They had been donated, these cereal boxes to the university, so I just asked if I could go and see them. This was 2009, 2008, something like that.
As soon as I started playing the tapes, you were listening to these beautiful sound experiments, makeup tapes for all of Delia's tracks, you're listening to separated out bass tracks, melody tracks and all kinds of different sounds and sweeps and sweeps and amazing electronic worlds that she was creating. And I was like, "I have to tell the story."
But also, I grew up as a Doctor Who fan. And I was haunted by the theme tune every Saturday at teatime, never knowing that this fascinating female composer had created it.
It had a very powerful effect on me. I was always more terrified listening to the theme music than I was watching the show. It was like listening to the sound of the universe expanding or the whole world collapsing in on itself. But it wasn't until the nineties that I realized that Delia Derbyshire had created it, and her story really intrigued me. I found it baffling that she wasn't a household name. I guess that's where it all really started for me.
F: The Myths And The Legendary Tapes paints a portrait of a very complex woman, and by all accounts she was quiet a unique individual. How did you go about the process of unravelling the various versions of herself that Delia presented, to capture her core self so to speak, as both as a director building a narrative and as an actor looking to craft an authentic portrayal?
Delia Derbyshire at the BBC
CC: I think the starting point for the whole film were the tapes, listening to her stuff. That's when she really entered my imagination, and this relationship began to develop.
I was also really attracted to Delia's tenacious and singular energy. She was someone that was very deeply interested in the sound of the world around her. That's what drew me to her, her activist approach and her lack of personal aggrandizement. She had a very, very unique way.
I guess I wanted to know, how did this person – who was not socially conditioned in any way – what was it that made her truly counter-cultural? Then, how do we get into her uniqueness and how do we find a way to really express that very, very unique quality?
At the same time, I knew this had to be a very subjective response.
So I was thinking about those kinds of things, and I thought we should really bring the audience to a stage-like setup. You're exposing the structure of the film and you're asking people to bear witness to the construction of a narrative; to the idea that we're all entering into the story, but also with this idea of me having investigated the archive and finding a genuine way of embodying Delia.
This idea of biopics? I'm always a bit allergic to them because there's no shortage of conventional biopics. They can be quite crude and reductive sometimes. My feeling was that it tends to be undramatic to shape a life and a career into a coherent narrative when the reason, the inspiration for wanting to tell the story might spark something more interesting.
So, that's what I did. I decided to bring Delia's Archive into the story and to find a way of Delia being present as a narrator in her own life. That's what we had to mix into the structure, along with the archival footage and interviews with Delia's colleagues and friends as well. That had struck me as the best way to tell the story.
F: And as an actor, I would imagine your research offered to a wealth of insight in how to portray Delia? Was that always your intent, to have yourself cast as Delia for the film?
CC: Yeah. I guess so, because as an actor, that's essentially what we're always doing; you're meeting these characters. You often find ways of investigating how to do that, and it's usually with a lot of research, background and finding layers and ways in. It was a very natural process, that part of it.
However, when it comes to interpreting or working with an archive, you usually hear of it being done by historians, academics, or artists. You rarely hear of actors, and yet a lot of our work is research and digging. It actually felt like quite a dramatic process to me, all this unfiltered material, and to consider how we tell the story with this stuff?
But ultimately, it felt quite natural, and my connection to Delia was embedded in the research really. It just seemed like it would be nuts to try and then have to translate that to somebody else
F: You could argue that Delia was at her creative peak during one of the most significant counter-culture movements the UK has ever experienced. And while Delia was very present within the chaos and culture of the sixties and seventies, do you think she herself was a catalyst for that movement, or was she just along for the ride?
CC: I think she was this very singular person. She was an activist, in a way. Because it requires a kind of activist approach to keep going and to keep on track with explorations, not knowing if they're going to work, yet pushing forward all the time.
She was not socially conditioned. I think those are the things that make her counter-cultural, not that she was going to parties with Paul McCartney and God knows who else, which I'm sure she did.
But I don't think that's the thing that makes her an interesting iconic person from that time. I think it was very interesting that so many people came to her, that Brian Jones came to the studio to see her, that Paul McCartney came to visit to find out whether or not they could do some work using similar methods to hers on Yesterday.
People were coming to her because of her unique qualities, rather than it being the other way around, of her just being part of a scene.
F: And inevitably, moving in those circles exposed her the drug scene, which we know she embraced to help fuel her creative experimentation. You acknowledge her substance abuse in the film, but are you able to elaborate with any personal insights as to the consequences her addiction wrought on her professional and personal life?
CC: From what I understand, it was something that plagued her, and I think probably ultimately killed her. That's the sad story. That's the sad part of it. But I think she was also self-medicating. She was somebody, I think, who had a fragility to her as well as a strength. Somebody who also was trying to do this pioneering work in an environment that was not designed for her, and continually having to deal with her contributions being downplayed.
It had to have been an exhausting process and I think she found ways through it. She would work late into the night as a way of finding some space and solitude. She wanted it to be a laboratory environment for herself, which is very difficult when you're all crammed into this tiny corner and there are loads of other composers and sound engineers all trying to do the same thing.
So she would go in there and just exhaust herself. I think her addiction to alcohol and to snuff was probably just a way of managing a very unconducive lifestyle of being in a permanent state of jet lag, just managing to stay afloat. Also, many people have been on record saying that she was never drunk, that she just sipped all through the day. That was how it worked for her.
F: Now that Delia is finding some recognition for her work, the taglines that accompany most of the articles or profiles written always seem to include the words 'influence' or 'pioneer'. And while journalists are those mostly responsible for the accolades, there's been some highly distinguished and diverse outfits such as Pink Floyd, Portishead and Kronos Quartet, to name a few, also singing her praises?
CC: There are loads of people that have been influenced by Delia. There's lots of artists working now, some well-known and some not so well-known, where you can hear her influence in their music.
Even listening to those bands like Kraftwek etc. and thinking, 'All that stuff, it was all going on at similar time, but she was there before them.' Her music sounds like it could have been made today.
In the film there's this clip of what seems like a techno track that could have been from the late '80s or early '90s, but which was actually cut together with magnetic tape. And it's some ridiculous amount of beats per minute. And yet it was painstaking cut together note-by-note. So even with the technology she was using, strange old analogue tech, she was creating this very futuristic, and incredibly inspiring sound, that I think has touched a lot of musicians.
F: Towards the end of the film, there's a monologue where Delia's reading a review of her work, in which the Doctor Who theme inevitably comes up. And the general theme of her response is 'I wish they would let that bloody go'. Having garnered all this insight through your research into her work and exploring her private life so extensively, do you think there is a particular piece of muisc or project that she was most proud of, that she would want to be remembered for?
CC: I think that's a really, really good question. I asked Brian Hodgson this and also Mark Ayres. I think the pieces that she really loved were the pieces where she could really express herself and spend time on. There's a wonderful piece called, Blue Veils and Golden Sands, that's featured in the film.
It's a very, very beautiful piece where she's describing the desert, and camel trains. You could imagine that Delia, who probably had never visited a desert was actually there, it certainly sounded like she was there.
What she said was that she wanted the sound of the lampshades to exist whilst walking off into the distance. She wanted the sound of the lampshades shades to be riding off on the backs of the camels or something like that.
I just thought that really encapsulates her. That she really entered the work on a very, very deep level where she became part of the sound, and she manages to conjure up these worlds. They're almost, in sound terms, they remind me of virtual reality in a way. That's what I think is so unique about her stuff, that she does take you on these very emotional journeys where you actually do feel either fear, or wonder or all kinds of emotion. It's very powerful. She was very interested in psychoacoustics and the effect that music has on the psyche and the imagination. I think that was one of her favourite pieces from what I understand.
F: And finally, as a hypothetical, if you'd had the opportunity to sit down and talk with Delia in person, to really get to know her over a cup of tea or a gin, and share your experiences as women in the entertainment and creative fields, do you think you would have become friends?
CC: I'd like to think so… I'd like to think so. But I could only hope, really. I mean, I feel like I have this relationship with her now, and that's quite strange. It's across eras and it's from a distance, but I have felt her nudging me along the way. I felt that she was there on my shoulder.
DirectordocumentaryfilmInterview


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Prernaa Makhariaa
Art, Diamonds, Event, Fine Jewelry, Interviews, Jewelry
Fab-A-Day At Fabergé
Fabergé Four Seasons Winter Egg And An Approx 13 Carat Pear Solitaire.
Fabergé, one of the world's most iconic artist jeweller, creates extraordinary jewellery, timepieces and objects d'art, as well as bespoke commissions for a discerning international clientele. Founded in 1842, Fabergé has been the most revered name in jewelry ever since Peter Carl Fabergé became official goldsmith to the Russian Imperial Court. The house created exquisite jewels and objects, including the legendary series of lavish and ingenious Imperial Easter Eggs. Today, Fabergé takes inspiration from its storied past to introduce a new era of enchanting and enduring personal possessions and gifts for contemporary connoisseurs. By painting with the world's finest coloured gemstones, Fabergé celebrates a life in colour through creations which are designed to become future heirlooms.
Fabergé Coronation Egg 1897, Courtesy of The Forbes Collection.
Fabergé Renaissance Egg 1894 (Closed), Courtesy Of The Forbes Collection.
Fabergé Lilies Of The Valley Egg, 1898 (Closed), Courtesy of The Forbes Collection.
Recently Fabergé hosted a private preview, by invitation only for the creme-de-le-creme at The Taj Mahal Palace Hotel, Mumbai in association with Gemfields and the socialite Chhaya Momaya. I was elated to attend the preview and experience the master crafted jewels designed and manufactured by Fabergé. It's said that going forward Fabergé will be hosting private previews in Delhi and Mumbai.
Gemfields Emerald Ring With Trillion Shaped Diamonds.
Fabergé Emotion(L-R)Ruby Ring, Purple Rose Gold Ring, Alexandrite & Diamond Ring
Fabergé Emotion Multi Coloured Pave Set Gemstone Ring
Playing With Faberge Three Colors Of Love, Gemfields Gemstones, Faberge Kokoshnik Ring, Secret Of Garden Cuff
Faberge Three Colors Of Love Ring Centered With Pink Sapphire
In an intense conversation with Dr Geza Von Habsburg, an internationally renowned expert on Fabergé quoted, "I believe that I may perhaps be the only person, who has held all the existing 43 Fabergé Easter eggs in my hands, a rare distinction, as together this series forms the absolute pinnacle of artistic design and craftsmanship."
Dr Geza Von Habsburg's Favourite Fabergé Egg From The 43 Eggs By Him Is The Winter Imperial Egg Made In 1913. PC- Pinterest.
Asking him to pick his favourite Fabergé egg, says Dr Geza, "Of the 43 extant eggs my favourite – a difficult choice – is the 1913 Winter Egg, today in a private collection in London. In my opinion this masterpiece stands out by the sheer brilliance and novelty of its design and its unrivalled craftsmanship. Incredibly, this egg is crafted from two hollowed-out wafer-thin half shells of engraved and frosted rock crystal, incrusted with thousands of rose-cut diamonds set in platinum, forming ice crystals. It stands on a further bloc of rock crystal simulating melting ice, with platinum-mounted diamond rivulets of water. The egg hides a diamond-set platinum basket of wood anemones carved from white quartz and nephrite. The genius of Faberge has created a timeless work of art, visualizing both the re-birth of Nature after the hardships of a long Winter, but more to the point and to its deeper religious meaning, symbolizing the Resurrection of Christ from the dead as feasted on Easter Sunday, when the egg was presented by Tsar Nicholas II to his mother, Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna. According to the original Fabergé invoice, 3,046 rose- and brilliant-cut were diamonds were used to create this miracle. It is one of two eggs designed by Alma Theresia Pihl, a member of the Holmström jewellery workshop, the other one being the brilliant 1914 Mosaic Egg in the collection of H.M. Queen Elizabeth II, which is a close contender for first place in my affections."
Fabergé Rococo Lace Sapphire and Diamond Rose Gold Bangle.
The Most Expensive Egg
Fabergé Mosaic Egg,1914 Estimated Currently At Approx GBP 27.7 Million. PC- Stalking the Belle Époque
"For many years, The Winter Egg was believed to be the most expensive. However, a few years ago the previously lost invoices for the 1912, 1914 and 1915 Fabergé Imperial Eggs were found in the State Archive for the Russian Federation.
These revealed that the most expensive Imperial Egg was the Mosaic Egg in the Queen's Collection. It cost 28,300 roubles in 1914. It is not surprising as this is the most technically demanding of all the Imperial Eggs. King George V purchased it on 22 May 1933 for £500. Roubles 28300 would have converted into £2830 in 1914, so he got a bargain! Adjusting the 1914 value into today's money (ie adjusting for inflation by the UK RPI) the price would be £294,551.99. In 1914 a room at Claridge's was 10-shillings a night, whereas today they are from £490. Using these price points, today the Mosaic Egg today would be about £27.7 million, which would be about right." as quoted by John Andrew, a member of the Fabergé Heritage Council.
A Bouquet Of Gemstone Bracelet From Fabergé Secret Garden Collection
Fabergé Secret Garden Brooch With An Array Of Bold Gemstones
In Love With The Bold & Beautiful Le Collier Plume d' Pendant From Fabergé
Fabergé Red Hibiscus Cuff
StylePrer was mesmerized by the intricacy and detailing in every piece of jewelry. So were the wrist watches with mind-boggling mechanisms that gave me a high. It indeed was Fab-A-Day at Fabergé !!! 🙂
At The Fabergé Private Preview At The Taj Mahal Hotel, Mumbai. (L-R) Alyssa Fontaine (Client Relationship Coordinator – Fabergé), Prernaa Makhariaa (Founder – StylePrer), Dr Geza Von Habsburg (An Internationally Renowned Expert On Fabergé), Rupak Sen (Director Of Marketing And Sales, Asia and Middle East – Gemfields).
Chhaya MomayaDr Geza Von HabsburgEaster EggsFabergeFaberge EggsFaberge Imperial EggsFaberge JewellerygemfieldsHigh JewelryImperial EggsJewellery BlogLuxury BloggerLuxury JewelleryLuxury LifestyleRoyal JewelryTaj Mahal Palace HotelThe Most Expensive Faberge Egg
The Author Prernaa Makhariaa
Jewellery Blogger, Entrepreneur, Jewellery Influencer, Jewellery Architect with graduate degrees from Gemological Institute of America (GIA), Gemological Institute of India (GII) and SNDT. She is actively involved in writing for newspapers, magazines, print, digital and social media.
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Continued from my earlier post Vijay Golecha's Journey In The Jewelry Industry on Vijay Golecha's journey in the jewelry industry and tips
Bridal Jewelry Trends And Bridal Jewelry Must Haves Spotted At The Vogue Wedding Show 2017
The Vogue Wedding Show , India's bridal and luxury exhibition, returned for its milestone fifth year. Hosted at The Taj Palace, New
Has anyone popped the question yet ?
Has anyone popped the question yet? We're not talking marriage here, but the dreaded "What plans for New Year?" Whether
Ganesha Inspired Jewelry That You Shouldn't Miss This Festival
We are in the midst of Ganesh Chaturthi, one of the biggest Hindu festivals celebrated with great joy and devotion
Customize Your Eidi For This Eid Festival
Millions of Muslims around the world have marked the beginning of Ramadan, a festival that starts in the ninth month

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Care to share where to get bezel and strap?
Carousell, a few people selling. Think same source.
arc13, bubblemunche, cichlid and 2 others like this.
arc13, bubblemunche and cyrenic like this.
If only this is still available... I give up waiting for the negative on silver alr.
let me know if you keen?
Last edited by sheamus; 30-01-2019 at 08:44 PM..
He can open the case of MM300? Even Thong Sia doesn't do that.
Also, MM300 accuracy damn bad one ... worse than my SKX.
mm300 accuracy worse than skx??! I've owned the mm300 several times, none are that bad till date lol. Must be really unlucky.
arc13, gaoxing84 and cyrenic like this.
hi guys, just started getting into watches a couple of months back.
i have a orient bambino and a seiko fuyugeshiki that both have a tiny scratch on the watch crystal. any suggested places to service and remove the scratches, if not intending to do replacement?
does K2 provide this service also, or any other reocmmendations?
If its not too obvious, I'd live with it. Even if you want to change, it isnt cheap and might not be worth it.
You do know that anatomically the muscles of the forearm are primarily near the elbow, and where people typically wear their watch is largely tendons right.
So the right advice is to eat eat eat to have bigger wrists..


The Standard PHP Library (SPL) provides various utility classes and interfaces to address common problems. Some of the most visible solutions center around the SPL Iterators. The ability to iterate over a non-array collection and then to iterate over that iterator creates an interesting design pattern for building with PHP. However, the iterators deprioritize conciseness and therefore (to some degree) readability.
This example is extracted from the PHP manual.
As with any non-chainable procedural code, you have to read this from the inside out in an unnatural and error-prone way.
The value of $object should be identical within the foreach loop compared to the approach above. However, the layers of iterators and their corresponding constructor values are now organized linearly and with less code to improve readability. Ultimately, that is the singular purpose of Splash - to leverage the benefits of chaining in the context of Iterators.
This is a basic approach.
This returns a Splash object that allows you to immediately chain.
This makes the \splash() global function available for you to use for even more succinct coding. It creates a Splash object, and any arguments are added to an ArrayIterator that is thrown into the initial object via the push() method.
For more examples, take a look at the unit tests.


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Starting with their website, Weiss and Barr reveal five critical areas that can be immediately enhanced to emphasize creditability and instantly build trust among visitors. Entrepreneurs also discover how to outfit their site with new tools, products and offerings that pull visitors in, keep them captivated, and compel them to keep coming back. Weiss and Barr then coach thought leaders in capitalizing on today's social web, delivering a strategic plan to uncovering opportunity in online communities, social networks, and other popular platforms—allowing them to showcase their greatest business draw: their expertise. Entrepreneurs also learn which components are critical to their success as a thought leader, gaining valuable insight into trending technologies like mobile devices to help them in determining which avenues are of the greatest gain.
Offering support such as assessments, real-life examples, screen shots, and access to free downloads, tutorials, and more, Weiss and Barr deliver a comprehensive plan to help entrepreneurs enhance their online efforts and strategically elevate their brand, and ultimately, their business.


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About the Death Penalty
Reasons Why (Part 3 of Ponder This)
Updated: Jul 9, 2021
This post is part three of an ongoing series.
Part 1: Ponder This
Part 2: Harmless Error
You've now read about how many people are incarcerated in the U.S.
You've seen how easy it is to get a death sentence in the country claiming to have the best system of justice in the entire world.
You've seen just some of the ineptitude of the judges, prosecutors, defense attorneys and lawyers one and all, but are they really inept? After all they, and their brethren, are the ones who design, legislate and enact the laws that keep them in business. Some judges do not know the law, but others know it well and apply it harshly nonetheless. Constitutional violations on the part of the courts are plentiful, and go on because of the ineffectiveness of public defenders, the corrupted police departments who violate Fourth Amendment rights by using excessive force while making arrests without probable cause or reasonable suspicion to begin with. First Amendment rights are violated when suppressing cell phone cameras filming police activity in a public setting. Fourteenth Amendment rights are violated when judges, police and other officials discriminate and disregard due process and equal protection under the law.
Money bail is the key to the entire system and processes that imprison so many. People arrested are held pending trial unless they can pay bail. If they cannot make bail they're held an indefinite amount of time while under pressure by their public defender to plead guilty so they can either get out and back to their jobs and family, or go to prison, this while also being sentenced to expensive fees and fines.
In North Carolina defendants have to pay a "court fee" and the full value of the defense services "provided" to them, (if you cannot afford an attorney one will be provided for you.") During the 1990's, the need for more revenue prompted public officials to increase amounts for fines and come up with new expensive fees. Police were subsequently required to up their quotes for arrests, which continue to increase.
Florida, in 1996, added more than twenty sets of fees to the existing ones and has added even more since. The state repealed most of the exemptions for those unable to pay, and tacked on a mandate that defendants pay for the costs of their own prosecutions and public defenders regardless of their ability to do so.
Jonathan Smith, a former head of the Special Litigation Section of the Civil Rights Division of the U.S. Justice Dept. was quoted as saying, "In New Orleans the bail system is what makes the whole corrupt system work". The bondsmen went to the states legislators and convinced them to apply a 3 percent increase to the already existing 10 percent bail fee which is then divided among the prosecutor, public defender and jailer.
The size of the convicted's debt increases while they are in prison or on parole. National Public Radio reported that there were forty one states that charged for room and board while in prison and jail.
In California, one county charged almost 150 dollars per day to stay in their jail. Los Angeles County jail alone, holds over 10,000 people and California has a prison population of over 130,000. Not only is it just room and board charged but persons convicted are charged for criminal lab fees, funds for criminal construction, prosecution reimbursement and even fees associated with the emergency response to the crime.
Prisoners are charged for medical expenses even though states, by law, must see to their healthcare. An example of this is one prisoner in Texas was found unresponsive in solitary confinement and then taken to a hospital where he was pronounced deceased. The City of Dallas sent his parent a bill for more than a thousand dollars for the ambulance ride.
The State of Georgia is the biggest in the for-profit world of probation with around 250,000 cases in 2018. With it's courts issuing close to 125,000 arrest warrants for unpaid fees that year alone. The private companies in Georgia collected 900 million in fines, court costs and restitution. There are 49 other states.
The number of people on probation rose from around 800,000 adults in 1997 to more than 4 million in 2010. I regretfully cannot access the number of juveniles on probation. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Washington State, and Columbia Legal Services conducted a four county study, finding, that included with the state imposed 500 dollar victim penalty assessment, a required 100 dollar DNA database fee, and a 12 percent interest rate on the initial amount owed, each court can impose a 100 dollar collection fee, annually, along with the twenty other fees, a few of which are having a jury trial or serving a warrant.
Many such scenarios exist all around this country, and they all add up to this: prosecuting people, taking their money, jailing them for non-payment or sending them to prison so that the tax payers have to pay for them while also paying to build more and more prisons to 'house' them.
One judge was heard as saying, "you have a choice- pay now or go to jail and get daily interest charged against what is owed for the State to prosecute you".
Judges take into account financial resources, employment, criminal record and ties to the community. Unions lobby with great success for the increase in prison construction, and bail bondsmen help to make certain that the newly erected and ever bigger jails remain full. Close to 15,000 bail bond agents write approximately 14 billion in bonds nationally each year. Jail and prison populations continue to grow.
If you have gotten this far into this particular post, it means you care about something, or maybe you are just appalled by the depths to which the 'good' morally superior law enforcing citizens of this country have sank.
Fyodor Dostoevasky was insightful when he said, "The degree of civilization in a society can be judged by entering its prisons".
It's all a huge problem, and a bit daunting, Never think that you cannot possibly make a difference. You can.
Write me, get to know me better. Look deeper into this site and my story. Ask yourself; How can I at least help one…..
Under No Illusions


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Q: What is SUT and where did it come from? I see many people talking about the term SUT, but do not understand why they use that term.
SUT is what you want to test?
Where does this term come from and what does it mean?
For example in this test, what is my SUT?
[TestMethod]
public void UsersAction_should_return_IndexAction()
{
    const long id = 1;

    UsersViewModel viewModel = new UsersViewModel()
    {
        SelectedUsers = new long[] { 1, 2, 3, 4 }
    };

    ActionResult result = _controller.Users(id, viewModel);

    result.AssertActionRedirect().ToAction("Index");
}

A: System Under Test SUT.
In your unit test example, if you really want to talk about SUT it's probably UsersAction. However, I have not come across anyone use SUT when talking about unit testing. To me this sounds more like something that would fit with integration/system/performance testing or alike.
For instance, take performance testing. Here you might say the SUT is the whole HW/SW system, or it might be just one of them depending on what you're testing in that specific performance test.

A: It is good to distinguish SUT and Test System.
The SUT can be part of the test system, illustrated in below picture:

A: It most likely means "System Under Test", i.e. the system being tested, as opposed to other systems it may interact with, but which are not being explicitly tested (because they're someone else's responsibility).

A:
Where does this term come from?

DUT (device under test) and UUT (unit under test) are very common abbreviations among test engineers (non-software test engineers).  That's where the term SUT (system under test)
and CUT (code under test) ought to have come from.
Related:
2008 MSDN blog post Naming SUT Test Variables.

A: I've never heard the term either, but a quick search gave

System under test (SUT) refers to a system that is being tested for correct operation. [...] The term is used mostly in software testing.
A special case of a software system is an application which, when tested, is called an application under test.
The term SUT can also refer to a stage of maturity of the software because system testing is the successor of integration testing in the testing cycle.

From good old Wikipedia.

A: The System Under Test (SUT) from a Unit Testing perspective represents all of the actors (i.e one or more classes) in a test that are not mocks or stubs.  In your example that would be the controller.

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Remember when I told you about my crazy busy day on Sunday? This is the outfit I wore. I was going for a no fuss, comfortable look that was also stylish, considering I was going to see a lot of people. I pulled out my trusty faux-leather pants (on sale), my favorite OTTE sweater and borrowed my mom's gorgeous red fur coat from Neiman Marcus (dreamy, right?). Neiman Marcus really does have the most stunning selection of fur coats. My mom and I get all of my fur pieces from Neiman's!
Since I felt the outfit seemed a bit lackluster all by itself, I was also ready to try out my new hat from Preston & Olivia! I chose the fur fedora – since I only wear hats in the winter, it seemed like the best fit for me. Preston & Olivia custom-sizes the hats for each customer, so it always fits like a charm! Click here to check out their full selection of hats and shop! Merry Christmas Eve to all of you – hope you get everything you wanted this year under your tree!
the red coat looks amazing on you! :) love it paired with the bag and those heels!
What a gorgeous color!! Looks stunning on you! Happy Holidays!
love love love your style! I cannot believe I just found your blog now – definitely following! Your coat is gorgeous!
absolutely stunning! Love the first photo of you laughing, too cute.
Such a fabulous coat- so chic and cozy! Merry Christmas Eve, Merritt!
That is really cool how they custom fit their hats I really like that!
this fur coat is so incredible. Love the color!
This coat is gorgeous, you look so pretty and festive. Love!


There are just two ways to spend your weekend — doing nothing (which is to say stalking your ex on Instagram) or making the most of it by stepping outside. Now, we are not here to shame anyone for their choices, but before you make that all-important decision, hear us out. A lot of cool folks are offering a whole lot of darn good entertainment in your city. And by your city, we mean Mumbai, Delhi and Bangalore. You could either go for a day drinking session with your buddies by participating in the beer Olympics or lol to some of Kanan Gill or Abish Matthews' fine-tuned jokes at a stand-up gig. With all of this and more on offer, you can Netflix and chill on any other weekday.
Test your mental, physical and verbal skills with plenty of beer in your system, of course. All you need are three other buddies and ₹12,000 (₹3,000 per head) to spare. Doolally would provide with a snack box (you need your strength for the games) and beer worth the dough you just shelled out. You get to play five games and get a shot at winning beer in each of the five games + there is the grand prize, which obvs includes more beer!
It's ok if you don't have a great sense of humour (you have other great qualities, we're sure). Just take your girl to the Canvas Laugh Club and let these guys make her (and you) laugh.
We might already be in the second half the year, but it is never too late to start eating healthy. The Clearing House is serving its first healthy detox brunch in association with Raw Pressery this Saturday. Make your way to the bylanes of Ballard Estate for some delicious salads, lip smacking dim sums and a guilt-free dessert section – all paired with skinny cocktails using RAW's juices. We say good for your body and pretty enough for the 'gram.
Address: 13-15, Calicut street, Ballard Estate, Mumbai.
Come Monday morning, you know you want to sound cool. That is why you must check out this band that has been playing across major music festivals for the past eight years. Their music is best described as Urdu and Hindi easy acoustic ballad folk rock/rock-n-roll. You would be glad you got out of bed for it.
Just because you have watched all the latest releases, it does not mean you're all caught up. There are plenty of classics to get yourself acquainted with. And don't tell us there is Netflix. We all know that 9 times out of 10, the numerous options take it out of you and you give up. Make your way to Gostana Café to watch In The Name Of The Father featuring Academy Award winners Daniel Day-Lewis and Emma Thompson. It is the true story of one man's 15-year struggle to clear his father's name and prove his own innocence.
You will always have the bullshitter's guide to drinking whisky, but how about learning the real deal. The Whisky paired evening will take you on a journey that explores the origins of four exclusive selects paired with flavours that are unforgettable. This info will always come in handy while impressing your girl, in-laws, boss…basically everyone.
You have had a long, hard week. Treat yourself to some laughs. And Sapan Verma and Neelaksh Mathur are just the men for the job.
Stuck in the city over the weekend. The Flea Bazaar Café will allow you to pretend like you are at a flea market somewhere in Europe. This new concept space that brings together product curators, live gigs and a community bar all together under one roof has now introduced craft cocktails on tap via their pop-up bar at Social.
Did you know that comedy and music made for good bedfellows? Get yourself initiated with this act.
The man was featured alongside Ed Sheeran and Newton Faulkner by Acoustic Guitar Magazine in their 30 great guitarists under 30 in the world series. You don't need us to tell you how good he is then.


iBreatheMusic Forums > Practice, Performance & Music Theory > Bass Technique > This are the some bass technology.
View Full Version : This are the some bass technology.
1 Up and Down. Make sure your perspective is right!
2 Holding the Bass. Properly supporting and balancing the bass guitar.


My destination for today was Għardira, the beach resort in Mellieħa, and being almost at the other end of the island from the flat, it was a two-hour bus ride away. Before I set off, I made myself a packed lunch and grabbed a bottle of Kinnie, a 'bittersweet soft drink made from oranges and aromatic herbs', native to Malta.
As the bus topped the hill in Mellieħa and descended towards the beach resort, I began to have my doubts about the destination: it seemed rather empty of ... well, anything of interest. Thus I decided to stay on the bus and see what its final destination, Ċirkewwa, would be like.
Turns out it's basically a ferry terminal and not really a lot else. I also hadn't realised, but Gozo is actually just north-east of Malta, and this ferry is the only way to get there.
There is one other interesting feature there, and that's an old lighthouse.
I didn't dare go up the ladder there, as there was quite a stiff breeze blowing in from the sea. The tide was in, too -- normally I suppose one can go down off the sea wall and walk on the rocks, but today that wasn't possible.
Since the sun was getting low and the clouds were thickening up, and since there wasn't much else to do in Ċirkewwa, I got on the bus and headed back to Valletta, just in time for a lovely sunset.
The X-E1 goes up to ISO 6400 without much effort, and combined with the f⁄1.4 maximum aperture of the 35mm lens, I've become used to simply not worrying about light levels until it gets too dark to even see. And so, I went for a walk around the city after sundown.
Finally I headed back to Birżebbuġa, to end my third day.


Holidays are getting closer. And now is the best time to take out vacation books and enjoy the holiday spirit as a family.
Do not know what books your kids can read?
Read on to learn some classic stories that will surely make a smile on your child's face!
This is a classic by Dr. Seuss. It's about the Grinch living on the hillside of Whoville.
Grinch hates Christmas and hates that Whoville residents have fun during the holidays.
Grinch put forward the idea to celebrate Christmas from "Whovillians." He passed each house and stole a Christmas tree, gifts, stockings and the like.
He thinks he's done the job. But when the Whoville residents wake up, they keep singing in the town square. Because Christmas is not about gifts for Whos, it's about family and love.
This opened the heart of the Grinch, who then descended to Whoville to apologize and celebrate Christmas with them.
Why is this book so well read?
Children can learn that Christmas (and holidays in general) are not really about gifts and decorations, but instead gather together as family and community.
Charles Dickon's A Christmas Carol is similar to How the Grinch Stole Christmas. Like Grinch, Scrooge is a devout Christmas hatter.
He just believed in the job and could not stand Christmas – "even humbug" – in his own words.
However, one night, he was visited by three ghosts: the ghosts of Christmas past, present, and future.
After observing his past holiday memories, seeing his current actions, and seeing what happens if he continues to do it this way, Scrooge has a change of heart.
He does not want to be a villain everyone avoids.
After that night, she went to Tiny Tim's house to bring her a Christmas present. He is determined to change his course and bring some christmas cheer.
Like How the Grinch Stole Christmas, Christmas Carol brought the same message: Christmas is not about wealth or gifts but about being around your loved ones and dear.
This is one of the most heart-touching Christmas books. Written by Tomie DePaulo, Legend of Old Befana is an ancient Italian story of an old lady in an Italian village that sweeps day by day.
He then regretted his decision, making candy to take to the baby Jesus. He did not get to Bethlehem in time and was said to give candy to the children every Christmas.
It introduces children to other cultures and their interpretations of Christmas.
Written by Vivian Walsh and J. Otto Seibold, Olive the Reindeer is another Russell terrier who believes he is another reindeer.
He tried to get to the north pole to help Santa and save Christmas.
Why is this good reading?
This is one of the more modern holiday books. It is very captivating and provides a pleasant interpretation for the song "Rudolph the Red Nose Reindeer", and the story.
It's a great gift and suits the best holiday cards.
Alexandra Day's holiday book, Carl's Christmas, tells of his journey to Carl, the dog has performed the task with the owner's little boy.
The fashion industry is huge, generating $ 1 trillion in gross revenue annually.
So what is fashion marketing? This is the range you need to separate your product from competition and succeed in the world's harshest retail industry.
Here are some tips to help you get started and gain excellence in the competition.
It all starts here right?
Many people sell underwear, so if you sell underwear, it's better to have something that sets it apart from the competition.
Better materials A good story. Well suited.
Whatever the product, you need to understand exactly what you are selling and how it fits the competition – so do your research before you develop your marketing plan.
It does not matter if you ask people to "Click Here" to buy grillz or sell winter parka. All successful fashion marketing begins with knowledge of products and research in the marketplace.
That's the first task of your newly printed marketing team (though it's just you!).
When looking for sterling examples of what is fashion marketing, look no further than social media.
The fashion industry leads almost all industries when it comes to experimenting with social media.
After all, social media has become increasingly visual and fashion is nothing but the first picture-industry. Studies have shown that completely one out of three consumers have purchased clothing items after viewing them on Instagram.
If you hate social media, sorry – it's important you learn to love him or hire someone who does it.
Speaking of people who turn to social media like a proverbial fish to water, influencer marketers have become a big part of what is marketed in fashion by 2017.
Simply put, influencers marketing is when a company or brand contracts with someone who has an established and large social media presence in their target niche to promote a product.
This is basically a celebrity endorsement for the 21st century.
How important is it? More than six in 10 fashion companies make influencers as part of their marketing strategy in 2016, with another 21 percent planning to incorporate it in 2017.
Social media is good to talk about because it can be accessed anywhere, but the soul of fashion marketing is still on the ground.
Show off your collection. Do a trunk show. Co-sponsored an event.
The key is preparing your digital marketing game so that when you face the community with the product, the conversation can continue in the digital space with websites, email, social media, and so on.
Land games are an opportunity for people who find you through digital space to gain tactile experience – viewing their products, touching products – as well as opportunities for those who have seen the product engage in ongoing dialogue with the brand before they buy.
With so much competition, the most important thing is to stand out. Take a risk.
Some brands do their marketing via e-mail only. Some do great stunts.
Others just stand by their great products, tour the country performing, and rely on word of mouth.
After all, you need a good photo.
A nice picture, however, says a thousand words. And that means dollars.


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The blackgunpowder charger evokes the past while being dressed up in the most modern style. We pay special attention to safety, quality, and appearance, so that the lovers of firearms may expand their collection with a fitting accessory. The visual world of the 19th century German version comes alive before us, which combines elegances and precision, while we have used the achievements and the innovations of 21st century technology during the course of production. We have made use of our company's decades of experience in machinery production and processing of materials (the blackgunpowder charger) and we work tirelessly to develop the course of production including the novelties in it as well. Our aim is to provide an experience during use, which cannot be achieved with any other, similar kind of tool. During the selection of the materials we only use the ones which quarantee the threesome of of durability, safe operation and predictability.
We would like to ( with the aptitude of the blackgunpowder charger) (( as well )) pay hommage to the blackgunpowder which started its journey from China, and which appeared in Europe approximately 800 years ago, and has been continuously used ever since, it is going through its renaissance both in hunting and in sports target shooting and its use spreads.
Each ( blackgun charger ) (( piece )) comes with its own serial number, of which we issue a unique certificate.This ensures its warranty, which we guarantee to repair until an unlimited period of time in case of wear and tear resulting from use. The clamp is made of cast steel with rust-free pressure plate. The dosage device is made of a special brass alloy which withstands the wear resulting from mechanical operation. The axis and the guide made of super solid, rust-free steel, just like the brace spring of the device. The barrells of the cells are fastened with precise laser welding. Through this we can ensure the dosage precision of a maximum of plus-minus 0.2 grains. The volumetric quantity can be adjusted between 35 and 65 grain continuously. The dosage process is quicker than with the one arm tilting or push cell dosagers. In the setting following the blackgunpowder reception position, there is an unloading position where the measured amount is able to take on the natural volume, this is how the most possibly precise dosage repeat (with the working of the black gunpowder) precision is ensured, The tank is made with lamination, its cap fits snugly, but only to the extent, that in the event of any problem it is able to fall off and release the pressure. ( The specialty of the blackgunpowder charger is) that in the tank a permeable plate can be found, which ensures that the pressure of the gunpowder column is nearly always the same in the dosage cell.
We are committed to the innovations made in the interest of sustainability, therefore currently a fine neck valve is under development for the tank as an option, with which it can be closed off securely without spillage, so that before disassembly the tank will not have to be emptied. Simultaneously with it comes a removeable upper dosage cell, with which the dosage of the small amount which is necessary for revolvers and pistols can be ensured.
Do give the experience provided by blackgunpowder charger a try, it will surely enthrall you.


text:
French Agency for Veterinary Medicinal Products (ANMV)
ANMV – Quality management
ANSES Departments
Committee for ethical standards
The network of partners : The "R31"
Register of acts, opinions and decisions
Expertise & Assessment
Conducting expert assessments
Public Declaration of Interests
Committees & commissions - Presentation
The social sciences at ANSES
Openness to society
ANSES Plant Health Laboratory
Food Safety (Maisons-Alfort and Boulogne-sur-mer)
Fougères Laboratory
Lyon Laboratory
Laboratory for Animal Health (Maisons-Alfort & Dozulé)
Nancy Laboratory for Hydrology
Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory
Rabies and Wildlife (Nancy)
Sophia-Antipolis Laboratory
Reference mandates
European reference mandates
International reference mandates
Tools and methods
Inter-laboratory proficiency testing
Networks and projects
Salmonella Network
The French Animal Health Network (RFSA)
Résapath network
Health monitoring platform for the food supply chain
Vigimyc network
ANSES services and rates
National Research Programme on Environmental and Occupational Health (PNR EST)
Alerts & Vigilance
How to report a health problem
You are a private individual
You are a healthcare professional
National Nutrivigilance Scheme
Epidemiological surveillance
French Observatory for Pesticide Residues
European and international relations
European and international relations by topic
ANSES is a major player in the European and international arenas
ANSES: a player in European research
European and international exchanges and collaborations with peer organisations of excellence
Twinning and cooperation initiatives, and assistance missions
ANSES, National Focal Point for EFSA
Skills tuned to excellence
Animal health and nutrition
Veterinary medicine - ANMV
Plant health & protection
Plant protection products, biocides & fertilisers
Opinions, Reports & Publications
Microbiological hazards files
Register of marketing authorisation decisions and assessment conclusions - Biocides products
Register of marketing authorisation decisions and assessment conclusions
List of leaflets published in English
The Agency's regular publications in English
Chemical mixtures: challenges for research and risk assessment
Contrasting perspectives on the conference
Calls & Consultations
Calls for applications from experts
Calls for research projects
OELs, post-assessment consultation
Opinion currently under consultation
French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety
Calls and Consultations
ANSES issues various calls and public consultations.
For instance, the Agency regularly announces calls for applications from experts, submits reports for consultation and issues calls for research under the National Plan for Research on Environmental and Occupational Health.
Public calls are also issued for other specific purposes.
To carry out its assessments and formulate its recommendations, ANSES calls on expert committees and working groups made up of experts from outside the Agency.
The Agency therefore regularly issues calls for applications from experts in order to set up or renew the membership of these groups and committees.
The experts are selected on the basis of their scientific competence (assessment based on their professional experience and scientific publications) and an examination of their public declarations of interest, in order to prevent potential conflicts of interest with regard to the nature of the issues to be investigated by the expert committee to which they are assigned.
See the calls for applications from experts
Among its missions, ANSES plans and supports research. This includes running the National Plan for Research on Environmental and Occupational Health (PNR EST), an essential tool for the development of knowledge to support public policy and ANSES's health risk assessment work. In this context, several calls for research projects (APRs) are issued every year.
See the calls for research projects (in French)
ANSES's Bulletin de Veille Scientifique (BVS – "Science Watch Bulletin") is a collection of peer-reviewed notes in French in which experts in environmental and occupational health provide a critical analysis of international publications issued over the last few months. The main objective of the BVS, produced in collaboration with ANSES's network of partners, is to disseminate validated up-to-date information to support public policy. The Agency regularly launches calls for submissions for the bulletin, which publishes three issues a year (March, July and December).
See the call for submissions (in French)
Considering the importance, complexity and sensitivity of some of the subjects it deals with, the Agency occasionally wishes to reinforce its work by bringing its expert reports to the attention of members of the scientific and medical community, representatives of associations and the heads of professional organisations.
All contributions received are made public for consultation and are subjected to detailed analysis by the Agency when drawing up its recommendations.
In certain cases this consultation is required by law. Such is the case with OELs, for which consultations are regularly launched.
ANSES also conducts assessments for chemical in the framework of the European REACh and CLP regulations. To do this, it prioritizes, identifies and builds dossiers to provide support to the competent French authorities, and it launches public consultations on the website of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) for the classification proposals it issues.
View the current consultations (in French)
Calls for expressions of interest (CEoI)
ANSES uses calls for expressions of interest (CEoI) to inform socio-economic players of the possibilities of cooperation on R&D topics, particularly with a view to assessing new technologies or tools, capitalising on research work (licencing, transfer of know-how) or validating diagnostic kits (e. g. detection of the African swine fever (ASF) virus genome).
View the calls for expressions of interest
94701 Maisons-Alfort Cedex FRANCE
How to get to the ANSES headquarters
The ANSES laboratories


PowerPoint 2013 is Microsoft's new version of their presentation program. With PowerPoint 2013 you can create stylish and captivating presentations quickly and easily.
Let's get started with PowerPoint 2013.
Click the Start button and then select PowerPoint 2013. If you can't see it in the list, start typing "PowerPoint 2013" in the search box at the bottom until it does appear in the list.
When PowerPoint opens you will se a list of your recently opened presentations on the left, and a selection of templates that you can use to create a new presentation. If you want to open a presentation you worked on recently, click on it in the Recent list. If you can't see it in the list, click on Open Other Presentation and navigate to where it is: select it and click Open. If you want to create a new presentation, you can select Blank Presentation in the templates area, or select one of the readymade templates.
If you choose Blank Presentation, you can create your own look and feel from scratch, whereas if you choose a ready made template, all the styling is already done for you. There is a wide range of templates available so you should find something you like. You can always modify an existing template yourself to get the look just right.
When editing a presentation, whether it is a new one or an existing one, by default you will see a list of slides that exist in the presentation over on the left. In the centre of your workspace is the currently selected slide and running across the top of the workspace is the ribbon. The ribbon contains a number of tabs that contain commands you can use to add or amend content on your slides.
This is only a brief getting started guide, so we'll only cover the more commonly performed tasks here. Use the links on the side to learn about particular topics in more depth.
The very first slide you see in a new blank presentation is a title slide. A title slide has a text box at the top for the title of the presentation, and a text box below for the subtitle. Just click in either of those boxes and start typing.
On the home tab in the ribbon, you will see a New Slide command (in the Slides group on the left). Click the top half of that button to add a new title and Content slide (the most widely used layout) or click the bottom half of the button to select a different layout for your slide. To add you own content, just click in the top text box and then bottom box and start typing. The top box is for the title of the slide and the bottom box is for the content.
Adding images to your presentation is a great way to illustrate your point. To add an image, you first need to be on the Insert tab. In the Images group you will see Pictures on the left. Click on that button and then navigate to where your picture is on your hard drive. Click on it and then click Insert.
screenshots – PowerPoint has its own screenshot tool you can use to take a screenshot of any other application you are working in.
There will be tutorials teaching you how to add all of the above elements.
One of the most important tasks you will perform, and one that you should perform as soon as possible – save your presentation. The quickest way is probably to press ctrl + s on your keyboard, but you can also click the File tab > Save. If you are working on a new presentation, you will be prompted to provide a name for it and decide where on your computer to store it; if it's an existing presentation the save will simply update the presentation with your recent changes.
When your presentation is ready to run, or if you just want to demo it to see what it looks like, you can either press F5 on your keyboard, or click Slide Show > From Beginning to run the presentation from the first slide.
Stay tuned for more in depth tutorials on… everything!


text:
How to Get Shiny Jigglypuff in Pokemon Go
What's not to love about that vacant, adorable stare?
by Daphne Fama January 10, 2023
Daphne Fama January 10, 2023
Today marks the start of the Twinkling Fantasy Pokemon GO event, which is set to continue until 10 PM local time on January 16. During this time, Pokemon with a distinctly fantastical slant will be more commonly available. These Pokemon are typically either Fairy and Dragon Types, and many of them can even be shiny. If you're curious as to all the Wild Encounters you can see during this event, check out our related link below.
But there's one Pokemon that you're likely very interested in: Shiny Jigglypuff. Can you catch Shiny Jigglypuff in Pokemon GO during this event? If so, how?
I'm here to help out.
Jigglypuff is one of the cutest Pokemon to have ever been made. Full stop. It's a circle. It's soft. It has big eyes. And if it's shiny, those baby-blues turn the perfect shade of sea glass green. What's not to love?
And because it's a Fairy, as of Generation VI, it also features prominently during the Twinkling Fantasy Pokemon GO event.
You can find Jigglypuff in a number of ways. Here's all three:
As a Wild Encounter. Just wander around and there's a chance it might spawn.
As a Snapshot Encounter. There's a chance it will photobomb you when you take a photo. This can only happen twice a day.
At One-Star Raids. Jigglypuff, Marill, Axew, and Deino are all part of One-Star Raids.
Because there are so many opportunities to encounter Jigglypuff, you have an increased chance of finding it Shiny.
Related: How to Get Shiny Salamence in Pokemon Go
The only way to get a Shiny Jigglypuff is to encounter as many of them as possible and hope for the best. The theorized Shiny Encounter rate in Pokemon GO is 1 in 500 or a .2% chance. That means you'll likely have to meet as many Jigglypuff as possible during the Twinkling Fantasy event if you hope to encounter a Shiny Jigglypuff.
Good luck, trainer!
Daphne Fama
A lawyer turned game journalist, Daphne Fama spends an inordinate amount of time playing games across the spectrum but she'll always have a soft spot for horror and JPRGs. Want to see all the best animal pictures the internet has to offer? Follow her on twitter at @DaphneFama.


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I bought a brick from our Pistol Range Director last week to see if it would perform in my CZ452 American. Long story short........I like it and buying 6 more bricks, which is all he has left out of 3 cases. I will use this even though have 1/2 case of my regular ammo with a case of Federal 711b on order. I expect the Federal to be April 2015 or a year.
Update: In January, I had a case of Aguila Rifle Match on order with LGS. In April, I tested Federals 711B and accuracy was better and changed the case order to Federal's 711B. Then in August, I tested Norma TAC-22 at 77 meters in my LH CZ452 and liked what I saw or equiv to 711B. Today, I canceled my case of Federal 711B with LGS. Champion Shooters was selling Norma TAC-22 in case qty and ordered today and shipping today. $570/case delivered. Norma USA rep said last week they will have the TAC-22 Match in the USA soon. $800/case + shipping.
The knowledge that I gained from your very wonderful.
I saw it, it would be good then.


text:
Jallianwala Bagh: in Remembrance of Barbaric Massacre
April 13, 2021 April 13, 2021 By Adi Sathe A2Z2021 / English#BlogchatterA2Z,A2Z2021,Incredible India,travel,travelbug
India's freedom struggle is full of stories of ultimate sacrifices since early days of 1857 revolution till the Independence Day of India. At some points, barbaric massacres tarnished our history. Kanpur witnessed one such black day during revolutions 1857. 102 years before on this day of 13th April, Amritsar saw the horror unfolding during Baisakhi Mela in Jallianwala Bagh. Our today's destination is the memorial of Jallianwala Bagh.
Story Time:
As a result of the arrest of two leaders Satyapal and Saifuddin Kitchlew, agitation grew amongst the public in April 1919. Peaceful protest was planned on the day of Baisakhi, 13th April. Acting Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer, banned all meetings suspecting massive insurrection in Amritsar. However, he failed to disseminate the information about the ban. Many villagers gathered in the Jallianwala Bagh to celebrate the festival of Baisakhi and to protest the arrest of their leaders peacefully.
Then, General Dyer entered from the main corridor with his troops and took place on raised banks blocking the main entrance behind them. Without any warning, he ordered to open fire on the crowd who had gathered in the Bagh. Firing continued for about ten minutes and ended only when they almost got out of ammunition.
Later while filing the report, General Dyer states, "I have heard that between 200 and 300 of the crowd were killed. My party fired 1,650 rounds". On other hand, Seva Samitee reports, of 379 identified dead and approximately 1200 wounded. Whereas Indian National Congress claims over 1000 deaths and 1500 injureds. Because of such gross negligence about reporting the casualties in the massacre, we will never know the exact number of martyrs fallen that day. This incident shocked Nobel Laureate Rabindranath Tagor. He renounced the knighthood saying "such mass murderers aren't worthy of giving any title to anyone".
Monument: in remembrance of martyrs
Flame Monument Photo by Nonica Datta
Soon after the massacre, a trust was formed in 1920 to create a memorial at the site. After independence, in 1951, Government of India declared the site as a 'memorial of national importance'. Later in 1961, a martyr well monument designed by architect Benjamin Polk was inaugurated. There are several plaques telling the accounts of events that followed that day. One such plaque is at the bullet marks ridden wall. It reads as follows:
The wall has its own historic significance as it has thirty-six bullet marks which can be easily seen at present and these were fired into the crowd by the order of General Dyer. Moreover, no warning was given to disperse before Dyer opened fire which [sic] was gathered here against the Rowlatt Act. One Thousand Six Hundred and Fifty Rounds were fired.
As a result of these barbaric actions of General Dyer, a wide spread Non-Cooperation Movement got strength and it marked the beginning of the last leg freedom struggle of India.
This brings to the I am participating in A2Z challenge with Blogchatter and this is my take on 'J' challenge. "J is for the Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar". You can find my other posts from this challenge here.
India Gate: In the memory of fallen heroes
Kesariya Stupa: Tallest Lighthouse of Enlightenment
4 thoughts on "Jallianwala Bagh: in Remembrance of Barbaric Massacre"
Pr@Gun says:
This day that year, a great post remembering todays date. Saw about this in news also today, and was telling about the incident to my kids too.
Adi Sathe says:
I actually delayed my posts by one day for this date..
Satabdi says:
I still find this incident shocking! And from what I understand, General Dyer did not face any consequences (except return to England) for this act of barbarism.
judy morris says:
I have been here and this place made me shiver with both disgust for the General Dyer and respect for those Indian bravehearts.


Always going the extra mile to get an order out on time, he is keen to see the Get 'Er Brewed orders dispatched in a prompt manner.
An integral member of the team, who not only oversees the packing of orders, but also deals with the many enquiries we receive every day.
Genuinely wizards on the computer - the most user friendly website in the industry is the result of these guys hard work.


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text:
Referee Abuse Needs to Be Called Out
Nov 9, 2021 | Children and Sport, News Freeview, Soccer
Sometimes action has to be taken that affects many in order to root out a problem that is caused by a few.
This weekend pitches across North Dublin will lie idle and the boys and girls that would have been playing will be at home wondering why they can't practise the moves they saw in Thursday night's inspiring game between the Republic of Ireland and Portugal.
It will happen like that because the referees, mostly players themselves, teachers or volunteers who take charge for a nominal sum, are sick and tired of the abuse they get from the sidelines.
This weekend that is a football problem but it is one that is common across multiple other sports.
Those who do so in the North Dublin Schoolboys and Schoolgirls League, and in the Metropolitan Girls League have said that enough is enough and they have collectively notified the Leagues that they will not be turning up this Saturday.
"The reason why they are withdrawing their services is because of constant abuse and threatening behaviour from managers, players, coaches and supporters," said Tony Gains, The Honorary Secretary of the Leagues.
"This weekend a female referee refereeing her first game of three games was abused so badly from the time she entered the pitch, she decided that she is not taking any more of this abuse from these people and she has now decided to give up refereeing entirely."
"Another young referee who has only been refereeing for the past 2 months was petrified on the pitch, he was so afraid even to collect his gear. This abuse he took was absolutely disgraceful."
The Leagues have said there will be a zero-tolerance of abuse but that merely places them in the same position as the referee is viewed, as an administrator getting in the way of the game.
What is required is that the clubs themselves and the vast majority of fans on the sidelines who are upset themselves by what they hear, stand up to the bullying behaviour that should have no part in any sport, never mind amateur games played by children.
The FAI weighed in last night confirming that "any abuse directed at them in the course of their duties will not be tolerated and will be punished."
"I can assure affiliates across the country that the FAI will do whatever is needed to ensure the protection of all our referees – without them we have no game, plain and simple," said CEO Jonathan Hill.
"The small minority of players, coaches, officials and all others guilty of such abuse need to understand that. They must know that Irish football and the FAI will do whatever we have to do to ensure a zero-tolerance policy towards abuse of any match official."
"Our disciplinary regulations carry clear and serious sanctions to be enforced on anyone who abuses a match official and we are calling on all Leagues to enforce those sanctions. We cannot and will not tolerate any abuse aimed at a referee at any level of the game."
Those sanctions should include the removal of repeat offender clubs from Leagues for a minimum period of time.
Hurting the innocent players is never a path you would want to advocate but we have to change the culture of acceptance that this is OK, that a referee who makes a bad call is doing so deliberately and deserves to be abused, that being a loud abusive manager on the sidelines is somehow helping a team.
All those involved in the Leagues should walk those quiet pitches on Saturday and reflect on what they have done that might have led to this.
Those who are guilty will probably be the last to recognise that it was their fault. Those who can see beyond the flash of frustration on a call going against them need to be the ones to stand up and call them out.
These leagues in Dublin have brought the issue to light. But they are far from the only ones that need to address it.
PreviousNatalya Coyle and John Fulham in Conversation on The Liberty Race
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text:
Q: How do I measure dimensions on screen? I have an image on screen, and I want to measure its width. Of course I can use a ruler, but that's whimsical and slow. Is there something where I can click a shortcut key, drag out an area, and it will tell me the height and width of that area?
Something similar to Page Ruler for Google Chrome.
Currently, I am using Shift + PrtScn and dragging out the area, save the image, and then go into Properties to find out its height and width.

A: How it works
The script below measures the size of an area, between two locations of the mouse pointer.
It works as followes:

*

*Place the mouse pointer in the first position (without clicking)

*Press the key combination of your choice (see further below)

*Place the mouse in the second position (again without clicking)

*Press your key combination again. A notification will tell you the exact size (px) of the area.

Options
You can choose (by uncommenting one of the lines) how you'd like to be notified; either by a notification:

Or a Zenity info window:

(The examples are from different areas)
How to use

*

*The script uses xdotool:
sudo apt-get install xdotool

*Copy the script below into an empty file, uncomment either one of the lines:
command = ['notify-send', 'Area size', str(w)+' x '+str(h)]

(to be notified by the notify-send option)
or:
command = ['zenity', '--info', '--title', 'Area Size', '--text', str(w) + ' x ' + str(h)]

for the Zenity option.

*Save the script in ~/bin (you will probably have to create the directory) as measure_area (no extension) and make it executable.

*Add a key combination of your choice to run the script: Choose: System Settings > "Keyboard" > "Shortcuts" > "Custom Shortcuts". Click the "+" and add the command:
measure_area

Notes

*

*You will have to log out / in first

*It does not make a difference what you take as first/second position; the script measures absolute values.

The script
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import os
import math

home = os.environ["HOME"]
area = home+"/"+".measure_area.txt"

def get_pos():
    pos_data = subprocess.check_output(["xdotool", "getmouselocation"]).decode("utf-8")
    return [m[2:] for m in pos_data.split()[:2]]

def confirm():
    get = subprocess.check_output(["xrandr", "--verbose"]).decode("utf-8").split()
    for s in [get[i-1] for i in range(len(get)) if get[i] == "connected"]:
        br_data = float(get[get.index("Brightness:")+1])
        brightness = lambda br: ["xrandr", "--output", s, "--brightness", br]
        flash = ["sleep", "0.1"]
        for cmd in [brightness(str(br_data-0.1)), flash, brightness(str(br_data))]:
            subprocess.call(cmd)

if not os.path.exists(area):
    with open(area, "wt") as measure:
        measure.write(str(get_pos()))
    confirm()
else:
    second = get_pos()
    with open(area) as first_m:
        try:
            first = eval(first_m.read())
            w = int(math.fabs(int(second[0]) - int(first[0])))
            h = int(math.fabs(int(second[1]) - int(first[1])))
            #--- uncomment either one of the lines below:
            # command = ['notify-send', 'Area size', str(w)+' x '+str(h)]
            command = ['zenity', '--info', '--title', 'Area Size', '--text', str(w) + ' x ' + str(h)]
            #---
            confirm()
        except SyntaxError:
            text = "Please try again, there was an error in the data"
            command = ['zenity', '--info', '--title', 'Please try again', '--text', text]
        subprocess.Popen(command)
    os.remove(area)

Explanation
When the script is called the first time, it gets the current mouse position with the xdotool command:
xdotool getmouselocation

It then saves the position into an (invisible) file .measure_area.txt, waiting for the second call.
On the second call, it reads the file, removes it and compares the stored x/y coordinates to the latest ones, and calculates the size of the area between them.
Edit
Updated the script with a number of improvements:

*

*Optimized subprocess.Popen()/subprocess.check_output() commands (thanks to @muru, @Trengot)

*Added a repair procedure in case something went wrong with the first-data file (e.g. if user first tried to run the script without having xdotool installed)

*Added a small confirming screen dim-flash when the key combination is pressed for the first coordinates. It seems a bit more user-friendly to give the user some kind of confirmation of the action.

A: Using slop
Another simple way of determining the area of a selection is by using slop (Select Operation), a command-line utility "that queries for a selection from the user and prints the region to stdout."
slop is a comparitively new tool and has not been packaged for Debian/Ubuntu, yet. As it stands you will have to compile it from source:
sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake libxext-dev
git clone https://github.com/naelstrof/slop.git
cd slop
cmake ./
make && sudo make install

The installation is the most difficult part. slop itself is actually very easy to work with. For instance, the following one-liner will prompt you to select a screen area and will both display the result as a notification and write it to the clipboard:
eval $(slop -t 0 -b 1) && notify-send  "Selection info" "Area: ${W} x ${Y}px \n Position: X = ${X}px, Y = ${Y}px" && echo ${W}x${H} | xsel -bi

Screenshot:

A quick breakdown of the commands used:

*

*slop -t 0 -b 1 - prompt the user to select a screen area; do not select full windows (-t 0), set selection border to 1px (-b 1)

*eval $(...) - read output of slop into variables

*notify-send ... - send GUI notification with information on selected area

*echo ${W}x${H} | xsel -bi - copy dimensions to clipboard (requires xsel → sudo apt-get install xsel)

A: Using shutter
First install Shutter if you don't have it installed.
sudo apt-get install shutter

Open up preferences under Edit -> Preferences and select the behaviour tab.
Check 'Start shutter at login' and 'Hide window on first launch'.
See screenshot below:

Usage

*

*Make sure the shutter panel icon is visible and select your window or whatever you want to measure.

*Click on the shutter icon and select 'selection'.

*Select your starting point and drag to your end point. The whole window will darken except your selection. You can move the borders around to get more 'to the point' results.

*Shutter will provide a dialog window with the X and Y coordinates and the size (which is what you want) of the selection. See screenshot below in the top-left corner of an example.

*A zoomed out screenshot showing it to be 727px by 367px:

*Finally just press Esc to dismiss the selection and hide shutter.

*Continue with whatever you were doing.


John L. Alger is a vegetable grower and nurseryman in Miami-Dade County and is President of Alger Farms, Inc. He is an owner, officer and Director of S. M. Jones and Company, Inc., a produce sales company in Belle Glade. Mr. Alger is also on the board of Florida Fruit and Vegetable Association. Mr. Alger was elected to the Farm Credit of South Florida board in 2007 and his current term of office is 2015 - 2018. He is a current member of the Audit Committee.


In this lecture, originally presented in the conference "New Projects in Digital Art History" on November 21, 2014, Christian Huemer, of the Getty Research Institute, discusses The Getty Provenance Index® as a tool for data visualizations. A pioneering project in the digital humanities, the Provenance Index is a collection of databases offering free online access to source material for research on the history of collecting and art markets. It currently contains 1.5 million records transcribed from sources such as archival inventories, sale catalogs, and dealer stock books. As an example of the data visualization possibilities offered by the Provenance Index, Huemer and his collaborator, Maximilian Schich (The University of Texas at Dallas), use 230,000 auction sales records to develop network diagrams of 22,000 agents connecting 130 sale locations in Great Britain, France, Belgium, and the Netherlands from 1800 to 1820. The ability to map multiple records at once allows researchers to recognize relationships between numerous data points. Huemer argues that these data visualizations, addressing the flow of objects, money, and people over time and through space, have the potential to draw attention to evidence difficult to see otherwise and prompt new research questions.


I am a doctor, specialist in Quality Improvement and Leadership for Quality in Healthcare. I am looking for a name for our start up, a training business in Leadership for Quality in Healthcare. Our business is targeted to medical directors and nursing directors mainly. Thanks for your suggestions.


text:
Salary Cap Issues Looming for 2015 NY Rangers
By Kevin Mizera January 31st, 2015
Earlier this month the New York Rangers extended Marc Staal, signing him to a six-year deal worth $34.2 million. We here at THW talked about potential salary cap problems in store for the Blueshirts as a result. Now it's time to take a closer look at exactly what the Rangers are up against, and what options they might have.
The tight position is not exactly a new one for this team. They were facing a similar scenario at the end of last season, and had to make some very difficult personnel decisions. In addition to the long-awaited compliance buyout of Brad Richards, they lost Brian Boyle, Anton Stralman, and Benoit Pouliot to free agency.
If nothing changes at the trading deadline, the Rangers will still not have signed Martin St. Louis, Mats Zuccarello, Carl Hagelin, Derek Stepan, J.T. Miller, Jesper Fast, Matt Hunwick and John Moore. Additionally, they will only have around $20 million to do it with (depending on next year's salary cap, which has not been finalized yet, but looks to be in the range of $73 million).
The Harsh Financial Realities
While $20 million is a lot of money for most of us, when an NHL team is dealing with potential $6 million contracts, that money can disappear in a hurry. And that's what the Rangers are facing right now.
The Rangers' Current Cap Situation
Note that I've included Anthony Duclair in this chart–while it's far from a given that he will be in the NHL next season, he is definitely one of the team's most NHL-ready prospects, and his salary for 2015-16 is already set. He also represents a significant discount over some of the other options available. That may come in handy, as we can see from the next chart showing next year's currently unsigned players.
NY Rangers Unsigned Players for 2015-16
Most of these numbers represent the possible salaries these players could get on the open market. While there may be some chances for "hometown discounts," it's highly doubtful that these discounts could cover the $5 million gap. It's no coincidence that this gap is very close to what Mats Zuccarello could get as a free agent. This is why many people who cover the Rangers believe they will not be able to re-sign Zuccarello next year. But there may be other options for the Rangers that will allow them to keep the Norwegian Hobbit.
Crafting a Cap Compliant Roster
Of all the players the Rangers still need to sign, Derek Stepan is the most likely to be given a long-term deal. Stepan has grown into the first line center role this season, and no potential replacement would cost less than his rumored asking price of $6 million per year. He would likely get a larger offer in free agency, but the Rangers would have the right to match. The more likely scenario here would have Stepan signing his extension before July 1.
The second player most likely to remain a Ranger next year is Martin St. Louis. Yes, he will be an unrestricted free agent, but he also has made no bones about his desire to play out the rest of his career in New York. He will likely be willing to negotiate both amount and contract length to make himself more "cap friendly" to the team.
(Richard Mackson-USA TODAY Sports)
What this means is that while he may be willing to agree to, say, $4.5 million for the next season, he may also be willing to sign a front-loaded deal that will reduce his cap hit even further. For the sake of argument, if St. Louis were to agree to a three-year contract that paid him $4.5 million for the first year, then $3 million for the next year, and $1.5 million for the last year, it would result in a cap hit of "only" $3 million. That's a huge difference.
The only issue here would be how many more seasons St. Louis has left in him. Given his recent performance, three years is not out of the question. Still, crafting a deal like this could backfire on the Rangers if St. Louis decides to retire after one year. If that happens, the cap benefit that the Rangers got from that first year will be imposed as a penalty (called "cap recapture") over the remaining life of the deal.
Another possibility for the Rangers is the contract of Tanner Glass. If they can trade or demote Glass, then they would save his $1.45 million cap hit. This action would be dependent on them getting another gritty player to take his place (for this exercise, we'll assume that Dylan McIlrath can take over that role at a roughly $800,000 cap hit).
(Brad Penner-USA TODAY Sports)
From this point, most of the remaining players could be signed for roughly their asking price. The one exception could be Carl Hagelin. The prevailing wisdom puts either Hagelin or Zuccarello as the likely victims of the Rangers' current cap situation. The Rangers have more options with Hagelin (a restricted free agent) than they do with Zuccarello (unrestricted), though. They may be able to sign Hagelin to a shorter term for less money.
So where do all these machinations leave us? Even with signing fewer players (teams can carry between 21 and 23 skaters on their rosters), some deep hometown discounts and creative contract structuring, there's still less than $4.5 million to sign Zuccarello. If they do offer Zucc a long-term deal at less than $4.5 million (he would surely get more as a free agent), would he take it? It's possible, but Glen Sather surely has his work cut out for him. The more likely outcome is that next year's Rangers roster will again look much different than this year's.
Even in the best case, less than $4.5 million for Zuccarello.
Mats Zuccarello


text:
Best book about writing?
by Jennifer Muirhead (follow)
I am learning all the time. The tombstone will be my diploma ~ Eartha Kitt.
Power of Words by Antonio Litterio CC BY-SA 3.0
There are lots of books on the market with advice on writing techniques and markets, some genre specific, some more general.
Which do you think is the best book about writing?
I like this Question - 8
I studied a lot of books on writing when I was at university, and I think the one I found the most helpful was called 'The Making of a Poem' by Evan Boland. It is a Norton Anthology of Poetic Forms, which describes, explains, and provides several examples of several types of poetry, including sesitinas, villanelles, sonnets, ballads, blank verse, and free verse. It tells you the history of how each was formed, and gives you a step by step guide on how to write them.
I think Stephen King's 'On Writing' is considered the best. I haven't finished it yet though, so I can't say whether that's true or not.
by Vanessa M
A book called Wired for Story by Lisa Cron is fantastic - it looks at the neuroscience behind stories and story telling, and how writers can utilise that to make their story even more compelling for readers.
by Kerri
Aristotle's Poetics. It sounds like I'm just being a wanker, but its advice is clear ('Begin your story at the point where it all starts!' 'Don't feel the need to include every little detail in your story - skip what doesn't fit the theme or mood!'), it's short (~40 pages) and it's about 2,500 years out of copyright, so you can pick it up very cheaply and easily.
by Paul Douglas
I like A Moveable Feast, which is not so much a how to, but a here's how 2 great authors did it very, very differently (though both drunk a lot of the time - maybe that's the secret). I also have Michael Chabon's Reading & Writing, but not read it yet...
by Lydia C. Lee
When I was writing every day and every week, I was handed a copy of Stephen Kings "on Writing". Together the true value of this book you have to cut through the first halve of the book (which is, needless to say a brag sheet), move directly to the page titled "On Writing" From there it talks about developing a tool kit and such it also talks about influencing and Muse's. It is a tool I have used to help me re-engage with writing and more importantly communicating.
by Remla
My favourite is 'The Right To Write' by Julia Cameron, who also wrote the 'Artist's Way'. It's my bible. :)
by Vanessa de Largie
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text:
Local Content and Services Report
Facebook Bans Holocaust Denial, Reversing Earlier Policy
By Shannon Bond • Oct 12, 2020
Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg says his thinking has "evolved" on how to balance free speech and the harms of Holocaust denial.
Originally published on October 15, 2020 4:04 pm
Facebook is banning all content that "denies or distorts the Holocaust," in a policy reversal that comes after increased pressure from critics.
Just two years ago, founder and chief executive Mark Zuckerberg said in an interview that even though he finds such posts "deeply offensive," he did not believe Facebook should take them down. Zuckerberg has said on numerous occasions that Facebook shouldn't be forced to be the arbiter of truth on its platform, but rather allow a wide range of speech.
In a Facebook post on Monday, Zuckerberg said his thinking has "evolved" because of data showing an increase in anti-Semitic violence. The company said it was also in response to an "alarming" level of ignorance about the Holocaust, especially among young people. It pointed to a recent survey that found almost a quarter of people in US aged 18-39 said they believed the Holocaust was either a myth, had been exaggerated or were not sure about the genocide.
"I've struggled with the tension between standing for free expression and the harm caused by minimizing or denying the horror of the Holocaust," Zuckerberg wrote. "Drawing the right lines between what is and isn't acceptable speech isn't straightforward, but with the current state of the world, I believe this is the right balance."
Facebook has been under increased pressure to act more aggressively on hate speech, misinformation and other harmful content. The company has recently strengthened its rules to prohibit anti-Semitic stereotypes, and banned accounts related to militia groups and QAnon, a baseless conspiracy theory movement.
This summer, a group of Holocaust survivors, organized by the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany, launched a social media campaign urging Zuckerberg to remove Holocaust denial from Facebook.
On Monday, the group tweeted: "Survivors spoke! Facebook listened."
In addition to removing Holocaust-denying posts, Facebook will begin directing users who search for terms associated with the Holocaust or its denial to "credible information" off the platform later this year, Monika Bickert, head of content policy, said in a blog post. She said it would take "some time" to train Facebook's enforcement systems to enact the change.
Critics say how effectively Facebook polices its rules is the big question.
"We are seeing a trend toward Facebook listening to their critics and ultimately doing the right thing. That's a trend we need to encourage," Jonathan Greenblatt, CEO of the Anti-Defamation League, which has been pushing Facebook to crack down on Holocaust deniers for years, told NPR.
"Ultimately, Facebook will be judged not on the promises they make, but on how they keep those promises," he said.
Editor's note: Facebook is among NPR's financial supporters.
AILSA CHANG, HOST:
Facebook said today it is banning all content that denies or distorts the Holocaust. That is a big reversal. CEO Mark Zuckerberg has long said the social network is a place for free speech, even if that speech is offensive. NPR tech correspondent Shannon Bond is on the line with us now to offer more details. And we should note that Facebook is among NPR's financial supporters. Hey, Shannon.
SHANNON BOND, BYLINE: Hey, Ailsa.
CHANG: So tell us a little more about this new policy. I mean, how did Zuckerberg's thinking on this change?
BOND: Yeah. So to understand that, we should go back to 2018. He gave this interview to Recode, and he said that while he personally finds Holocaust denial deeply offensive, he said Facebook shouldn't take these posts down just because they're factually wrong. Here's what he told them.
MARK ZUCKERBERG: I just don't think that it is the right thing to say we are going to take someone off the platform if they get things wrong, even multiple times.
BOND: And really, the way that Zuckerberg frames this, you know, his idea is Facebook is a place for people to exercise free speech, and the company shouldn't be the arbiter of truth. He says that over and over. This approach, of course, has caused a lot of controversy and criticism. Zuckerberg even had to go back and clarify he wasn't defending Holocaust deniers. So today in a Facebook post, Zuckerberg now says his thinking has, quote, "evolved" over how his company handles Holocaust denial and that balance between free speech and harm.
CHANG: Interesting. Well, what about the timing of this policy change? I mean, why is Facebook taking action now, you think?
BOND: Well, Facebook says this is, you know, really about what's happening in the world. They point to data showing a global increase in anti-Semitic violence. They also referenced this study of younger Americans that showed almost a quarter say the Holocaust is a myth or exaggerated or they're unsure about it. They say that's an alarming level of ignorance. And there's external pressure. This summer, a group called the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany organized a social media campaign. Here's one of the videos it put out. And you can hear Holocaust survivors pleading with Zuckerberg.
(SOUNDBITE OF VIDEO)
UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #1: Mark Zuckerberg...
UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #2: Remove the Holocaust deniers from Facebook...
UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #3: No, there is no denying it. The Holocaust was real. I know.
BOND: You know, we've been talking about this so much this year. Facebook is just under all of this pressure to stop hate speech of any kind. Of course, it can be really difficult to remove bad content, especially when it can go viral so quickly among billions of users. And Facebook has acknowledged this new policy will take some time to enforce effectively. It has to train its artificial intelligence technology to recognize and stamp out these false claims.
CHANG: Right. Well, what are critics of Facebook saying about this particular change?
BOND: Well, across the board, I would say, you know, this has really been welcomed by critics. You know, many of them are saying this is a really big step. This is a big deal for Facebook to do it, even if it is belated, because, of course, many of these groups have been telling Facebook for years that Holocaust denial is a huge problem. And in just the past few weeks, Facebook has been cracking down more on harmful content. It banned QAnon, the baseless conspiracy theory that really took off this year and has been so popular on Facebook. It prohibited anti-Semitic stereotypes, banned armed militia groups. I spoke with Jonathan Greenblatt. He's the CEO of the Anti-Defamation League, and he's part of a coalition behind a campaign this summer to boycott Facebook advertising.
JONATHAN GREENBLATT: Facebook will be judged, not on the promises they make but on how they keep those promises.
BOND: And you know - and this is something that people say to me all the time. You know, Greenblatt here is saying Facebook is listening to its critics. It's doing the right thing. That's important. The real question, though, is how will they enforce all these rules?
CHANG: That is NPR tech correspondent Shannon Bond. Thank you, Shannon.
BOND: Thanks, Ailsa. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.