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Home Actor Duncan Trussell: Net Worth, Relation, Age, Full Bio & More
Duncan Trussell: Net Worth, Relation, Age, Full Bio & More
Charles Duncan Trussell is an American actor and stand-up comedian born in Asheville, North Carolina, U.S., on April 20, 1974.
Who is Duncan Trussell?
Duncan Trussell is an American actor and comic known for his show The Duncan Trussell Family Hour. He even appears on the Netflix series The Midnight Gospel, The Joe Rogan Experience, and Joe Rogan Questions Everything.
Birth Name Duncan Trussell
Birth Date April 20, 1974
Birth Place Asheville, North Carolina, U.S.
Birth Sign Taurus
Other Names NA
Parents(s) NA
Sibling(s) NA
High School NA
College Warren Wilson College
Education Graduate
Profession Actor, stand up comic
Active Years 2011 – Present
Height NA
Weight NA
Sexual Orientation NA
Relationship NA
Spouse(s) NA
Girlfriend(s) NA
Children NA
Tattoos NA
Social Media Handles Twitter
What are the career highlights of Duncan Trussell?
Duncan is a stand-up comedian, podcast, writer, and actor, and he has written and appeared in sketches for two seasons of Fuel TV's Stupidface, Showtime's La La Land, Comedy Central's Nick Swardson's Pretend Time, and both seasons of HBO's Funny or Die Presents. He has also visited various places for his stand-up comedy shows, and he has also written and served as a consultant for Jason Sudeikis's hosting duties at the 2011 MTV Movie Awards.
He co-hosted The Lavender Hour podcast with Natasha Leggero through January 2012. Duncan now hosts his podcast, The Duncan Trussell Family Hour (DTFH). DTFH is a project where Trussell invites guests to free conversation for about an hour per episode. The discussion varies greatly depending on the guest, but often revisited topics include psychedelic drug use and Buddhism. Among the guests that have been featured are Joe Rogan, Dan Harmon, Joey Diaz, Ram Dass, Tim Ferriss, Lou Barlow, Bert Kreischer, Alex Grey, Rick Doblin, Natasha Leggero, Graham Hancock, Abby Martin, Dr. Drew, Daniele Bolelli, Christopher Ryan and comedian, podcaster Jessa Reed.
As of September 2018, there have been over 300 episodes of DTFH. Select episodes of the show were adapted into the Netflix animated series The Midnight Gospel, directed by Pendleton Ward.
How does Duncan Trussell look?
His height and weight are unknown, and he has brown eyes and dark brown hair color.
What is the relationship status of Duncan Trussell?
Trussell has dated fellow comedians Mary Lynn Rajskub and Natasha Leggero, as well as model Cora Keegan. Duncan married his wife, Erin Trussell, in 2018. On June 27, 2018, Trussell announced on The Joe Rogan Experience podcast that he would be a father. He has since had two sons.
What is the net worth of Duncan Trussell?
Duncan has a net worth of $5 Million. So no doubt he is earning a reasonable sum of money from his career.
He co-hosted The Lavender Hour podcast with Natasha Leggero through January 2012. Duncan now hosts his podcast, The Duncan Trussell Family Hour (DTFH). DTFH is a project where Trussell invites guests to free conversation for about an hour per episode. The discussion varies greatly depending on the guest, but often revisited topics include psychedelic drug use and Buddhism. Among the guests that have been featured are Joe Rogan, Dan Harmon, Joey Diaz, Ram Dass, Tim Ferriss, Lou Barlow, Bert Kreischer, Alex Grey, Rick Doblin, Natasha Leggero, Graham Hancock, Abby Martin, Dr. Drew, Daniele Bolelli, Christopher Ryan and comedian, podcaster Jessa Reed. As of September 2018, there have been over 300 episodes of DTFH. Select episodes of the show were adapted into the Netflix animated series The Midnight Gospel, directed by Pendleton Ward.
People Also Search For Dan Harmon and Charlie Berens
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Human Cell Atlas
Why Organoids?
Quick Access: Partners
CeMM
DKFZ
EURICE
Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA)
The Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA) is a publicly funded basic research institute and part of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. Since its foundation in 1999, IMBA has delivered break-throughs to transform our understanding of biology and accelerated development of innovative therapies for human disease. Fifteen different research groups are working towards deciphering fundamental processes in the fields of molecular and cell biology, stem cell and organoid research, small RNA biology, neurobiology, disease modelling, and epigenetics.
Building on its existing strengths in stem cell research, IMBA has created a Stem Cell Core Facility as a part of its initiative for an Austrian Centre for Stem cell Research. Its aim is to support research groups in Austria and abroad that use stem cells in a variety of contexts, from brain and heart development to disease modeling and organoid research. The facility links with academics and clinicians to provide expert service in cutting edge technologies and disseminate knowledge by training the next generation of stem cell researchers. Scientific support also includes services for Bioinformatics, BioOptics, Electron Microscopes, Metabolomics, Next Generation Sequencing, Protein Chemistry.
IMBA, as a leader of Work Package 1 will establish a comprehensive, sharable organoid resource for brain organoids. Brain organoids will be grown in Jürgen Knoblich's laboratory that has opened the field of cerebral organoid research in 2013 with the description of the most complex brain organoids to date. The Knoblich lab will also contribute to the imaging of brain organoids in Work Package 3 and will also perform a disease centric pilot study in Work Package 6.
Dr Bohr-Gasse 3
Juergen Knoblich
Christopher Esk
Work Package Leader WP1
Meritxell Balmana
HCA|Organoid has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No. 874769.


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El Castell de Xerta és un edifici de Xerta (Baix Ebre) declarada Bé Cultural d'Interès Nacional.

Descripció
Al turó que hi ha sobre el jardí de la Vil·la Retiro hi ha restes d'alguns murs fets amb maçoneria, que estan esglaonats pel pendent i formen diversos nivells en el terreny.

Història
Segons Carreras i Candi a Xerta s'aixecava fins a les primeries del segle actual la Torre de la Campana. Malgrat tot, aquest castell no ha estat pròpiament documentat, encara. Es diu que fins 1917 o 18 encara quedava alguna torre del castell als peus.

Referències

Enllaços externs

Patrimoni monumental de Xerta
Monuments històrics del Baix Ebre
Castells del Baix Ebre
Edificis de Xerta

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Désiré Defauw in Chicago: High Fidelity from the 1940s
Written by Richard Freed Richard Freed
Category: Richard Freed's "Keepers" Richard Freed's "Keepers"
Created: 01 April 2012 01 April 2012
The unexpected but enormously welcome appearance of two CDs of recordings by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra under Désiré Defauw, from the British-based Historic Recordings, is something that ought not to be overlooked. Defauw, almost entirely forgotten now, was a fine musician with some interesting repertory choices and an invariably persuasive way with the music he chose to perform. These recordings not only bear that out, but also provide some striking examples of the surprising quality of orchestral recordings made in the immediate postwar years.
Most collectors of recordings of "classical" music are familiar with those made by the Chicago SO under Fritz Reiner, even though they go all the way back to 1954 (Reiner's tenure in Chicago was 1953-63), because they have never been out of RCA Victor's active catalog. They were "sonic showpieces" when they were new, and they have been effectively refurbished with each new development in the science of sound recording over the decades.
What fewer people recall, because it was earlier still, is the series the same company recorded on 78s with the Belgian conductor Defauw, one of Reiner's less fortunate predecessors on the Chicago podium, whose tenure there was brief (1943-47), but not as brief as those of the two men who occupied that post between himself and Reiner: Artur Rodzinski had a single stormy season there (1947-48), and Rafael Kubelík had only three (1950-53). Kubelík, however, made recording history with the Chicago SO on the LPs that introduced Mercury's "Living Presence" series, and then returned to Europe to become one of the most respected musicians of his time, as documented in his recordings with the Vienna Philharmonic, the Berlin Philharmonic, the Boston SO, and his own Bavarian Radio SO.
Defauw himself (1885-1960) enjoyed a similar status until he came to Chicago, having earned respect as leader of a string quartet, and then achieved greater renown during his 14 years as conductor of the Royal Conservatory Orchestra in Brussels, where he made a number of well received recordings in the late 1920s and eventually founded a new orchestra, independent of the Conservatory. He fled just ahead of the Nazis' arrival, and one of his admirers, Arturo Toscanini, helped him get a visa for the US and invited him to conduct his NBC SO in that orchestra's third season. Defauw had three weeks in December 1939, and returned for a concert in September 1942, when Leopold Stokowski was in charge; between those two engagements, he became conductor of the orchestra in Montreal that was later to bloom under Charles Dutoit. When Frederick Stock, who had been conductor of the Chicago SO since 1905, died in 1942, Toscanini was apparently among those who recommended Defauw to succeed him.
In any event, Defauw could not have been prepared for what happened to him in Chicago, and in his 60s he did not have the resilience to bounce back as Kubelík subsequently did in his 30s. At the time of Defauw's arrival, in 1943, the orchestra was at a low point. Some of its principal players had left for wartime service, and some of the replacements were embarrassingly inadequate. The music critic of the city's most widely read newspaper seemed to go out of her way to tear Defauw down -- as she did later in ending Kubelík's tenure in Chicago, even though the orchestra had by then improved markedly and its recordings were making a terrific impression everywhere. Ironically, a year or so after losing his position in Chicago, Defauw returned for a week as a guest conductor, and the critic who had effectively chased him out of town compared him favorably with another guest conductor, Ernest Ansermet, who had preceded him in some of the same repertoire.
After Chicago, Defauw did not return to Europe, but took the helm of the Cape Town SO in South Africa, where his tenure was again brief. For whatever curious reason, he again did not return to Europe, but instead went back to the site of his misfortune, the Chicago area, as conductor of the orchestra in the steel-mill town of Gary, Indiana, and with a professorship at Northwestern University, in Evanston, Illinois. By the time of his death, in 1960, the LP and stereophonic recording had introduced the world to a host of new and "rediscovered" musical superstars, and Defauw, whose lifetime discography was small, had already been largely forgotten -- but a string quartet of first-chairs from the Chicago SO performed at his modest funeral in Gary.
To the world beyond Chicago, the few recordings Defauw made there gave no intimation that problems of any kind had ever existed. By March 1945, when he made his first recordings there, the war was nearing its end, and recordings were again being made in the US, following the two-year hiatus imposed by James Caesar Petrillo, the president of the musicians' union. Both RCA Victor and American Columbia began recording in earnest, and Victor in particular was achieving a new level of spaciousness, detail and all-round realism in recording the orchestras under contract to it. The Defauw/Chicago recordings were among those that came to be regarded as the introduction of the concept and the reality represented by the term "high fidelity." Orchestra Hall itself, the orchestra's home, was at that time one of the most splendid recording venues among the world's concert halls, a factor very much in evidence on Defauw's 78s, an intriguing mix of the familiar and the decidedly less so, including four concerted works with some of the most admired soloists of that time. On a total of seven days, between March 1945 and March 1947, Defauw and the Chicago SO recorded 17 titles:
Borodin: Symphony No.2
Fauré: Sicilienne from Pelléas et Mélisande
Franck: Le Chasseur maudit
Franck: Three movements from Psyché
Franck: Morceau symphonique from Rédemption
Grétry: Airs de ballet from Céphale et Procris, arr. Mottl
Handel: Water Music -- Suite, arr. Harty
Handel: Concerto grosso in D minor, Op.6, No.10
Handel: Serse -- Largo, arr. Hellmesberger
Mendelssohn: Violin Concerto, with Mischa Elman
Prokofiev: Scythian Suite
Respighi: The Birds
Smetana: Overture to The Bartered Bride
R. Strauss: Burleske, with Claudio Arrau, piano
Stravinsky: Fireworks
Tchaikovsky: Violin Concerto, with Erica Morini
Weber: Konzertstück, with Arrau
All of these were promptly issued, and all were well received. Defauw had recorded the Respighi, the Grétry, and the excerpt from Franck's Rédemption in Brussels, and these pieces remained prominent in his repertoire throughout his life. Both the Grétry and the Respighi were included in his NBC SO concerts in 1939, as well as his first sessions in Chicago.
Felix Mottl, an esteemed conductor in the second half of the 19th century, arranged tasteful suites of ballet pieces by Rameau, Lully and Gluck, as well as the Grétry, and also the brilliant piano piece Bourrée fantasque, by his own contemporary Emmanuel Chabrier. Unfortunately for us, all of those arrangements more or less disappeared from our concert life long ago. The Céphale material, the most charming of all those "Mottled" suites, was a virtual calling card for Defauw; he managed to perform it with amazing frequency in Chicago, and its appeal never faded, with his players or his audience. The prominent horns were confident and witty, the orchestral balance was impeccable, the whole thing was a showpiece for the orchestra as well as for the recording team, and even now it is a self-renewing joy.
Defauw's unlabored approach to the Rédemption interlude remains unique for its commanding animation. He made a small cut and simply eschewed all thoughts of monumentalism, choosing instead to make it really grand, instead of merely grandiose, by breathing life into the piece and building its climaxes with spot-on assurance. Again, the orchestra came through as an out-and-out virtuoso ensemble relishing every moment of both the challenge and the opportunity inherent in Defauw's own triumphal enthusiasm. It is the only Defauw recording RCA itself revived on CD, as the sole representative of this conductor's work with the orchestra in a short-lived Chicago SO centenary set. Unfortunately, it is perhaps the least well preserved of all of this conductor's Chicago recordings, but the Historic Recordings transfer strikes me as being more successful than RCA's own.
If the Overture to The Bartered Bride looks somehow out of place in this line-up of titles, it is a brilliant performance by any standards, and benefits particularly from the skills the Victor engineers had developed by 1947 in revealing detail that simply doesn't turn up in many other recordings of the piece, even now -- such as the three notes from the trumpet linking the fizzy introductory section to the main part of the piece, which stand out in the character of a fanfare.
Another fanfare, totally unexpected, makes the recording of the Borodin Second Symphony certifiably unique. When this product of Defauw's final Chicago sessions was first issued, shortly after his tenure there ended, several reviewers commented on the cut in the work's slow movement, but I cannot recall that any of them mentioned the added material at the end. This symphony's rumbustious finale concludes with a whirring figure in the strings which leads to the conventional final chord. In this performance, however, a brass fanfare, based on the movement's principal theme, exultantly cuts through those whirring strings. It takes no more than 15 seconds, but for some of us it not only enhances the finale's spirit of jubilation but makes the entire work more exciting in instantaneous retrospect.
It also, of course, raises the obvious question: Whose idea was this? It obviously was not Borodin's own, and of course some of us take offense at the idea of meddling with the composer's own "final word." While in most cases I would certainly agree with that view, in this one I find the addition irresistible. Not only do I remind myself that Borodin was essentially an inspired amateur musician -- statues of him in his native country honor him as an outstanding scientist -- and we know several of his works in arrangements by Rimsky-Korsakov, Glazunov, and others. I can envision him responding to the added fanfare here by slapping his forehead in irritation -- not over the presumptuousness of the addition to his score, but over his failure to think of that fanfare on his own.
In earlier times, performers were expected to take some liberties with the printed score. A cadenza, an embellishment -- such things were the performers' contributions in recreating a piece. Gustav Mahler, one of the most respected conductors of his time, even among those who had little use for his compositions, retouched or revised the symphonies of Schumann and Beethoven. "Creative liberties" are taken with Rossini overtures even now, in the face of conflicting versions of the scores. Defauw's predecessor in Chicago, Frederick Stock, used to double the violin parts with clarinets in the Brahms symphonies. It was, in fact, old Stock who added this fanfare -- though this was not confirmed until as late as 2001, when the orchestra's archivists came across the evidence. Since no one else has performed or recorded this intriguing embellishment since Defauw did, it is especially heartening to have his recording on CD at last, and in more than respectable sound.
RCA Victor itself did reissue most of its Defauw material on LP -- some of it on the Camden label (with the orchestra masquerading as the "Century SO" and no conductor named), others on Bluebird, but on CD brought back nothing but the Franck piece already mentioned. Some of the other recordings have turned up on various "historical reissue" labels -- the Tchaikovsky Concerto with Morini, for instance, a lovely collaboration between two very sympathetic artists, on Biddulph -- but the new Historic Recordings CDs are the first attempts at anything like a comprehensive revival, offering a total of ten titles, nearly all of which are among the most appealing of the Defauw/Chicago recordings and benefit from quite decent sound for this sort of thing -- good enough, certainly, for the details and the spirit of these performances to make their engaging impact. The two discs are laid out as follows:
Defauw/Chicago Vol.1, HRCD 00093
Franck: Rédemption (Morceau symphonique)
Smetana: The Bartered Bride -- Overture
Grétry: Céphale et Procris -- Airs de ballet, arr. Mottl
Mendelssohn: Violin Concerto, with Elman
Historic Recordings, which has quietly built up a catalog of hundreds of interesting recordings by stellar artists of the past, has not used metal parts or original master tapes provided by the respective originating companies, but has engaged Mark Obert-Thorn and other respected transfer engineers to take the material from well preserved copies of the original 78s and LPs. Among its other releases are a collection of Defauw's early Brussels material, Sir Thomas Beecham's pathbreaking recording of Schumann's music -- all of it, not just the familiar Overture -- for Byron's Manfred, and most of Constant Lambert's pre-war recordings with both the London Philharmonic and the Sadler's Wells Orchestra.
While a single Historic Recordings reissue, a Mengelberg collection transferred and annotated by Mark Obert-Thorn, is available from Amazon.com, in a standard CD "jewel case," the numerous other HR reissues must be ordered directly from the company itself. CDs, mostly in "slimline" cases, are priced in British currency at £7, plus shipping (usually £3 for fewer than 20 discs); downloads are available at £4. US and Canadian currency exchange rates will vary from time to time. Check the Historic Recordings website for details on purchasing the Defauw reissues, and for information on additions to the catalog.
. . . Richard Freed
richardf@soundstagenetwork.com


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You are here: Home / Archived Stories / The Great Gray Owl
The Great Gray Owl
Also Known as the Spectral Owl for Its Silent, Ghostlike Flight at Night
BY SAM CURTIS
While looking for elk sign in knee-deep snow at the edge of a forest clearing in the Gallatin Range, I noticed a lodgepole pine, its top apparently snapped off by strong winds. Then the top of the broken tree rotated, becoming a feathered head with a facial disk studded with two piercing yellow eyes. The gaze of the great gray owl stopped me midstride.
For the next 15 minutes I forgot all about elk and stood dead still watching the reclusive owl deliber-ately scanning the surrounding terrain. Finally, it dove from its perch and plunged into the snow for a rodent burrowing below the surface. The sight remains one of my most memorable wildlife encounters.
The great gray is North America's largest owl. The female has a wingspan of 4.5 feet, stands 28 inches tall, and weighs only about 2 pounds—so most of its mass is feathers. Males are somewhat smaller but otherwise similar in appearance: mostly gray colored and with a relatively long tail and no ear tufts on the head. The great gray's most striking feature is a huge facial disk covering the front of the head containing concentric gray circles surrounding bright yellow eyes. At the bottom edge of the disk is a white "moustache" strip broken by a black "bow tie" below the yellow beak.
The great gray makes territorial announcements and calls its mate with an appropriately owlish whoo-whoo-whoo, repeated softly in a low pitch every 15 to 30 seconds, usually at night.
The great gray owl is also known as the spectral owl, perhaps for the way it flies silently through the forest at night or its haunting alarm cry. The scientific name nebulosa, from the Latin nebulosus, meaning "misty" or "foggy," also suggests ghostlike characteristics.
Montana is one of the few states in the lower 48 where great gray owls live. Other than Canada and Alaska, where it is common, the species is found only in Minnesota, the central Sierra Nevadas, and the northern Rockies as far south as Yellowstone National Park. The bird is also found throughout northern Asia and Europe, where it is often known as the Lapland owl.
In Montana, the great gray is found in mixed conifer forests interspersed with swamps, meadows, and small clearings where bordering trees and snags provide hunting perches.
The great gray's exceptional eyesight and hearing allow it to detect mice, voles, and other small animals that comprise its diet. Though this owl sometimes hunts on the wing, flying close to the ground, it usually plays a waiting game, surveying the open area below a hunting perch for sounds and movement.
Even rodents burrowing a foot beneath the snow are vulnerable to the owl's sharp senses. A great gray will plunge talon first into deep snow for a meal, leaving spread wing prints and a few drops of blood as evidence of the attack.
These owls are a resident species in Montana, moving around during the year in search of food. Studies in Wyoming show their average home range to be roughly 1.6 square miles. The raptors tend to move from higher to lower elevations when prey is scarce and snow is deep. Where prey is abundant, great gray owls may congregate in high densities of up to five pairs per square mile. Although they tolerate other great grays in foraging areas, the owls are aggressively territorial around nesting sites.
Nesting begins in March and April when the male offers the female food from his beak, which she accepts with her eyes closed. Then the male shows the female several nesting possibilities in abandoned hawk or raven nests or hollowed-out clumps of dwarf mistletoe. Once the female chooses a nest, the pair often line it with moss or deer or elk hair.
The female lays an average of three eggs, which she incubates for 28 days. The male provides food, which the female shreds to feed the young. Within three or four weeks, the fledglings are leaving the nest and climbing around in the nesting tree. They can fly by eight weeks but stay near the nest and parental care for two or three months after that.
Great gray owl populations appear to be healthy within their range in Montana and throughout North America.
From Montana Outdoors
The Owl's Flight Across Time and Cultures
No creature on earth has gained entry to the human psyche like the Owl—silent, watchful, passing through darkened spaces like a specter, these birds have since earliest times found their way into the wishful dreams and foreboding nightmares of humanity.
The Oglala Sioux revered the Owl. Warriors prevailing in battle wore a cap of owl feathers as a medal of bravery, and a Sioux society, The Owl Lodge, strove to embody qualities of their lodge's namesake, believing natural forces favored those who wore owl feathers and that doing so enhanced wisdom and vision. To an Apache, the Owl was the most feared of all creatures. Dreaming of an owl or seeing one foretold death, a belief that holds true to this day among various Indian traditions. Often, though, the creature represents supernatural knowledge among Native Americans. Among the Navajo, not unlike peoples from other parts of the world, after death the soul takes the form of an owl or is ushered onward in spirit by one. Among the Ojibwa, the creature represents death and evil, but also an exalted status for shamans, and to the Pawnee, a spirit of protection.
To Indians of another kind, Hindus, an owl calling from a sacred grove at night is said to have captured the spirit of a human being leaving this world. In ancient Egyptian and Celtic cultures, as with Hindus, the symbolic meaning reflects the Owl's nocturnal aura as a guardian of the underworld and protector of the dead.
Associations with darkness and evil may be misunderstood. In West Africa, for example, owls are known as "witch bird," but the terminology may translate poorly into the western mind, in that West African and aboriginal Australian cultures knew the owl as a conveyor of secrets, related to sorcerers, and as companions of shamans.
Poles, too, associate owls with death and misfortune, and in Roman times Pliny the Elder wrote that owls foretell only evil. Yet, in Japan, figures of owls placed in homes repel famine and plagues. In Christian lore, owls convey the wisdom of Christ appearing in the darkness. In Greek mythology, the Owl is associated with Athena, the goddess of learning, and was depicted on the Greco-Roman four-drachma coin as a symbol of wealth, status, and intelligence.
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Several times a month, I receive emails from people interested in competing in Triathlon events that consist of swimming, biking, and running. Usually, they are from athletes seeking to do the Iron Man Triathlon, but some are from folks who are trying to find a great way to break up the monotony of just running or swimming in order to get fit and lose weight.
Consider the triathlon as the ultimate cross training routine. In fact, fewer tri-athletes get injured every year compared to those who only run for their cardiovascular exercise. The non-impact exercises of swimming and biking are the reason. However, you do have to be careful on the bike, as accidents on a bike going 15-20 miles per hour can put you out of commission.
I am not a tri-athlete, but have trained with biking, swimming and running for over fifteen years. Here are some ideas to use if you are dabbling in a variety of training methods, but if you are looking for real Triathlon training, go to www.davidglover.net. He is a friend of mine who actually wins races and can help you get to that level. In fact, he wrote a book about completing an Iron-Man Triathlon while working full time. His book is called Full-Time and Sub-Nine. Sub-nine refers to completing an Iron Man in less than nine hours. That is impressive. He has done that and he has beaten cancer too. Many consider him the Lance Armstrong of Triathlon. Go to his site and find out more of this inspirational coach (former Naval Officer).
Below is a sample triathlon workout I made for myself a few years ago when I was training with some Naval Academy Tri-athletes. If you are considering competing in a triathlon one day, you can use this type of training plan and adjust the distances as needed.
Two short runs of 6 miles, plus one long run of 10 miles (Saturday) after a 20 mile bike (triathlon slang BRICK = Bike Run ICK, because they are hard and should be done at great intensity and timed). You want to do the BRICKs in Bike-Run order to get accustomed to the Bike-Run transition--Work on speed from Bike to Run as well.
2 SPIN classes (if available) and / 1-3 long bike ride 20 miles.


text:
Amiskwia est un genre éteint de petits animaux fossiles et probablement gélatineux retrouvé dans les schistes de Burgess en Colombie-Britannique et daté du Cambrien moyen, il y a environ  (millions d'années).

Description
La conservation des cinq spécimens est mauvaise. L'animal mesure jusqu'à 3 cm de long et sa tête comporte deux courts tentacules. Son corps, non-segmenté, possède deux nageoires latérales petites et trapues, et une queue aplatie. L'intestin part de la tête et se rend presque directement à la queue.

Charles Doolittle Walcott fut le premier à classifier Amiskwia dans les années 1910. Ayant cru déceler trois épines buccales sur les fossiles, il classa l'animal parmi les vers chétognathes. Cependant, puisque l'animal ne possède pas, en fin de compte, ces épines préhensiles et les dents des autres vers de cette famille, retrouvée dans les schistes de Burgess, les scientifiques qui l'étudièrent dans les années 1960 après lui suggérèrent plutôt qu'il était un némertien. Simon Conway Morris, qui a réétudié la faune des schistes de Burgess dans les années 1970, l'a plutôt classé comme étant la seule espèce connue d'un embranchement autrement inconnu.

Amiskwia est un animal rare dans les formations de Burgess, ce qui, avec ses organes visiblement adaptés à la nage, suggère que l'animal nageait librement et s'est retrouvé accidentellement pris dans les mouvements de sédiments qui ont formé les dépôts de Burgess. La seule espèce connue est Amiskwia sagittiformis.

Référence
  Walcott, 1911 : Cambrian geology and paleontology. II. No. 5. Middle Cambrian Annelids. Smithsonian lnst Misc Collect 57-5 pp 109-144.

Liens externes

 Galerie photos et descriptif du Musée royal de l'Ontario

Faune de Burgess
Genre d'animaux préhistoriques (nom scientifique)
†
Paléontologie au Canada
Taxon fossile décrit en 1911


The Portishead Wedding Network will be holding an Autumn wedding fair this Sunday at Walton Castle in Clevedon. This year, one lucky couple will win over £1000 in vouchers from Portishead Wedding Network suppliers! Walton Castle is a stunning hill top castle wedding venue, providing a great setting to discuss your upcoming wedding with a select group of local wedding suppliers from Bristol and North Somerset.
The fair takes place this Sunday, 23 Oct, from 11-3pm. I'll be exhibiting alongside many other wedding fair members, so please stop by to discuss your Bristol and Somerset wedding photography.
More details can be found on the Portishead Wedding Network website here.
Last weekend I had the privilege to be the documentary wedding photographer at St Audries Park in Somerset for this truly amazing multicultural wedding between Madeleine and George. The traditional Vietnamese Tea Ceremony took place in the ornate Great Hall followed by an English civil ceremony in the beautiful Victorian Orangery. Choosing a winter wedding is always a bit of a risk but everyone made the best of the weather - plus, with that interior space, you can't really go wrong with a country house wedding venue like St Audries Park!
Here is a quick preview of their wedding pictures. Special thanks to Heather Birnie Photography for helping out as my second photographer for the day.
Part one of some of my best and favourite wedding pictures from 2015. Why best and favourite? What I consider my best are not necessarily my favourite and vice versa. Although I hope that my wedding pictures evoke emotion from any viewer, it's often the context, relationship and memories that determine which wedding picture is your favourite. You may consider the best wedding photography to be creative, fine art or unique pictures. Please feel free to leave any comments on what you consider the best wedding photograph from this Bristol wedding photographer's 'Best of 2015', part one.
Click here for more best of Somerset wedding photographers and documentary wedding photographers.


text:
A local focus
Comment 02 Sep 2021 1 Comments
Hannah Webster
Joint Head of Programme, People and Places
The promotion of local wellbeing centred around individuals and communities will mean rethinking our provision of many overlapping services.
The RSA is exploring what it means for our collective wellbeing to motivate us to design a better, more equitable future. In short, we are thinking about how we might organise ourselves and our systems in a way that supports people to lead a good life, through their health, work, networks of support, economic security, housing, community and more. To understand what contributes to a good life means acknowledging a self-defined interpretation of wellbeing that is necessarily broad. My wellbeing, for example, is derived from my circumstances, and while the areas of my life that contribute to it might overlap with yours, the specifics will differ.
While few might disagree with the sentiment of supporting the wellbeing of people and places, in many instances it is a priority that falls behind a complex web of financial and institution-specific incentives. And at its worst, our current system meets this complexity by setting up the ability to attain good wellbeing as something that only the individual can achieve themselves, if they just spend enough time, or energy, or money. It commercialises and outsources what could be a collectively supported and maintained experience if we designed our society to work towards it.
Within this scenario, personal resilience and responsibility become the weapons of choice against poor wellbeing, leaving an absence of systemic support and coordination. Without coordinated and active design towards improved wellbeing, and with this absence filled with individual responsibility, we see instead that inequalities within and between places are allowed to emerge and proliferate.
But, as the 2020 Greater Manchester Independent Inequalities Commission concluded, there is a necessity for "equality and wellbeing goals to be put at the heart of public policy and across the private and voluntary sectors". As we look to our emergence from the Covid-19 pandemic, we need a system where the state, communities and those who live in them participate and collaborate at a local level towards a shared aim of collective and individual wellbeing.
This importance of working locally was put under the spotlight in the early days of the pandemic. Mutual aid groups, local supply chains for personal protective equipment and pivoting community groups brought to the fore the benefits we already knew about working in small geographies. But much of this new activity operated in the context of an emergency response and relied on individuals or communities taking on additional labour. What would it mean to take a locally led and sustainable approach to our systems, services and support by design? And what value does this hold for our wellbeing?
By local, we tend to mean place under geographical parameters, but we should acknowledge that this brings a degree of the subjective. The local of one person might differ to that of a neighbour, while the administrative boundaries are likely to differ even further again. Boundaries of local authorities overlap rather than overlay with the boundaries of constituencies, or clinical commissioning groups. With no fixed conception of a locality, it might feel complex to use this as the guiding scaffolding for our society.
But this complexity is not insurmountable if we change the lens we have on how decisions are made about local areas. To navigate between the scale at which people live their lives and our geographical political landscape, we might use a person-centred approach as our compass. Being flexible about geography, boundary or coalition allows us to meet the needs of individuals on their own terms. It is here where our contention that participation – as a process and as a principle – can help us to navigate the complexity that comes into play.
Centring the experience, ambition and challenges of residents in local places, and drawing collaboration and shared purpose between the services that support them, require a participatory approach to defining what both the 'local' and 'wellbeing' means to residents. Without this driving ethos, we continue to use the idea of local as an administrative function rather than an actor in its own right.
The good news is that, although this is never going to be easy, currently there is a huge opportunity to think locally and be guided by individual and collective wellbeing. We are at the intersection of a number of shifts in our policy landscape that, together, could set us up for a moment of real change across our personal, collective and planetary health.
There is a latent opportunity in the levelling up agenda. Though loosely defined – in Boris Johnson's Queen's Speech in May 2021, the commitment was to levelling up "opportunities across all parts of the United Kingdom, supporting jobs, businesses and economic growth and addressing the impact of the pandemic on public services" – the government's headline policy ambition has potential to advance a wellbeing agenda. But to work, the approach must be tailored and local to ensure that residents genuinely see improvement that will support their wellbeing.
For communities identified for levelling up, the economic, social and political will inevitably bleed into each other. Yes, more infrastructure is needed in these areas, and high streets may be a necessary focus, but we also need to consider what changes local people want to see. Without such a consideration, any support will be superficial and unsustainable.
It is listening to these voices that will ensure that communities feel the benefit of levelling up, and that the experience is not just seen through the metrics that the government chooses to measure. The current infrastructure associated with levelling up quite clearly risks going in the other direction; in Stocksbridge, for example, the levelling up fund board included the local MP, her husband and his business partner. Concentrating power in this way actively undermines the ambitions of government.
Levelling up is not the only agenda currently speaking to our local systems. The Department of Health and Social Care White Paper establishes Integrated Care Systems (ICSs), a new infrastructure, which changes the geographical boundaries around our health and social care system and actively encourages collaboration between services within the sector and across related local anchors. With local collaboration a specific part of the remit of ICSs, getting this right from the start might set up a local anchor for our health and wellbeing.
This approach will, of course, require a complete reframing of how we manage, commission and fund our local services. The establishment of the combined authorities and mayoral positions is one step towards devolution, but we need to continue to consider increasing the power of local and hyper-local institutions and communities. The levelling up agenda speaks directly to this ambition but, as yet, does not let go of the centralised power to make it a reality.
In July of this year, Boris Johnson alluded to a county-level devolution to improve local services but called for leaders to "come to" government with a vision. The radical redistribution of power needed will never stem from such a case-by-case, centrally assessed basis, especially when political motivations are at play. Instead, such an approach will bear out further inequalities within and between places, where local areas with fewer resources or less political capital to engage with central government are left unsupported. To follow through on such a promise, we need greater devolution by default.
A more systemic redesign could overcome the limited nature of funding mechanisms between local and national government. As the RSA's newly appointed Chief Executive, Andy Haldane, explored in his recent Community Power Lecture for the Local Trust, "competitively-bid central pots of finite, short-termish money tend to lock-in the advantages of those who already have resources."
The Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose argues that mission-led vision and systems might help us to address the major challenges of our time. Missions – which the institute defines as "concrete targets within a challenge that act as frames and stimuli for innovation" – in this instance frame a complex, ambitious change. For example, applying a mission-led approach to innovation-led economic growth. Setting our collective wellbeing as a mission for local systems might be one way to practically move towards true levelling up, with participatory approaches helping to define the detail of what will support residents' wellbeing.
In addition, there is a pressing need for residents to be more meaningfully engaged in the decisions that affect them. The Institute for Community Studies at the Young Foundation recently published "Why don't they ask us?", an exploration into the role of communities in levelling up, in which a key finding is that "the majority of 'macro funds' and economic interventions over the last two decades have not involved communities in a meaningful nor sustainable way." The risk is that this disempowers the very people who these funds or services seek to serve and creates a misdirection of resources as the geographical framing is too broad for clear participation and targeted delivery.
Pockets of innovation, best practice and redistributive participation are happening across the UK but these are often reliant on the energy of individuals in a professional, and personal, capacity to make such a change. To move towards a genuine shift in power and a reframing of the priorities of our society we need to join up innovations, learn from each other and understand what role different levels of the system might play.
Such an approach could learn from innovation happening now. In Barking and Dagenham, the community-led Every One Every Day programme spans over 24,000 opportunities for participation and 150 neighbourhood projects. Its aim is to "make everyday life better for everyone", but their non-prescriptive, participatory approach means that the work spans what is important to residents. Their impact evaluation found that a key outcome of the process was linked to improved wellbeing; eight in 10 participants reported increased confidence and 90% reported enjoyment and happiness.
More generally, asset-based models of community services and in particular health and care can – if supported – ensure we lead from within communities. For example, Think Local Act Personal is based on the ethos that local places and the people that live within them can achieve more together when they share an asset-based mindset, focused on the potential of what places could, and do, produce with the people involved or affected.
In Northern Ireland, the 2016 local-authority-led Belfast Conversation asked residents what they wanted for the future of the city and created an agenda focused on 2035 based on their input. Residents wanted for "everyone in Belfast [to benefit] from a thriving and prosperous economy" and for "everyone in Belfast [to experience] good health and wellbeing" as two of five key priorities. This conversation will be repeated this year to ensure that resident voices continue to be heard.
In Wales, it is a national policy that encourages the creation of participatory approaches focused on wellbeing. The Wellbeing of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015 makes a legal obligation of public bodies to embed the "social, cultural, environmental and economic well-being" of those they serve as a driving force. Within this macro framework, local community anchor organisations are seen as critical to supporting communities. Enabling communities to thrive includes embedding meaningful participation where public bodies create the right conditions for this to lead to real change.
We can learn from examples like these – and the many other initiatives operating at the community, local and national level – how an inclusive and community-led approach to wellbeing might be supported. They demonstrate that trusting communities and individuals with leadership and ensuring that system-wide incentives are aligned with a wellbeing agenda and resources can embed engagement over the long term, not just for a snapshot in time.
What is the RSA doing?
The RSA's Living Change Approach is based on the belief that it is not possible to address systemic challenges at the level of single interventions or from single actors. Instead, central to any successful story of change is a clear ambition that is supported by those for whom it seeks to drive improvement, and which drives alignment across the local and national system of influence.
The RSA is committed to a world where everyone can participate in creating a better future, and we have been exploring how we might contribute towards such a participatory future that centres on collective wellbeing. Our ambition is for local systems to be designed to actively support individual and collective wellbeing in places. This requires us to understand how systems work, what the incentives across different actors are and, crucially, what the wellbeing needs and aspirations of residents are.
The RSA is by no means the first to arrive at a wellbeing agenda. In recent years there has been a swell of activity around this topic, with a number of organisations – the Wellbeing Economy Alliance, the Centre for Thriving Places, What Works Wellbeing and more – articulating what a wellbeing-led economy or policy landscape might look like. We hope to bring a contribution that unites participation and place to support a vision of wellbeing driving the systems that surround us.
Our starting point is to gain knowledge about this area, testing ideas and interventions that might shift the dial towards participatory, wellbeing-led systems in local places. We are approaching this through three lines of enquiry: What are the wellbeing needs in different places? What do residents want to see change? And how can local areas become genuinely participatory to see such a change happen?
The RSA has embarked on this journey through a range of projects. First, if we are to meaningfully set wellbeing as a local ambition we need to understand what this means in context. Our broad definition means that there is no one route to wellbeing but – by understanding the experiences of residents, the context of the assets and opportunities in local areas, and how local systems operate – we can start to create a picture of what change is needed.
Crucially, we need to understand the drivers of inequality and how these shape people's ability to lead a good life. Only by understanding the roots of inequality can we work towards an equitable future. For example, in our work supported by the Health Foundation, we are exploring the role of economic security in the future health of the next generation. Understanding the links between economic circumstances and physical and mental health and wellbeing will be critical to enabling the next generation to lead a good life.
To this end, later this year the RSA will be running place-based research enquiries in four locations across the UK to understand what drives young people's sense of economic security and wellbeing, and what future they want to see for themselves and their local area. Our aim is to ensure that the voices of young people are heard by the key actors in the local area.
We will build on this learning in our second line of enquiry around what residents want to see change and how they get a meaningful say.
Later this year, the RSA will publish its findings from a neighbourhood assembly it facilitated in Nechells, Birmingham. Supported by the Oak Foundation, this brought together a diverse group of residents over a series of deliberative sessions to understand what role their housing and neighbourhood plays in their ability to lead a good life, co-designing with them ideas for policy and practice that they want to see done differently.
This project represents an important shift in the move to genuinely participatory places, by starting the conversation with people – in a neighbourhood that is often overlooked – rather than policymakers. We have purposefully brought a broad and malleable question to the group: "What do you need from your home and your neighbourhood, now and in the future, for everyone in Nechells to lead a good life?" This offers a contrast to a consultative or 'light-touch' approach to participation that is often conducted with a predetermined issue or solution and seeks only feedback.
Of course the RSA is just one organisation and, alone, it cannot bring about a more participatory future. However, our work will provide important evidence and, we hope, inspiration, helping to drive new inclusive ways of doing things. To support local places to adopt a more participatory approach, our Transitions to Participatory Democracy handbook considers the complexity and scale of the challenge and offers practical examples of how different participatory approaches can be embedded and tailored to local needs.
Central to these examples and suggestions are a need to equalise participation opportunities, including compensating people for their time, supporting specific requirements and using technological participatory methods, along with support and resources to enable participation in this way. Doing this well requires investment of time and money and the divestment of power. But if we successfully and equitably move towards participatory places, everyone's wellbeing will benefit.
This article first appeared in the RSA Journal Issue 3 2021
Mary MacCallum Sullivan
'The RSA is committed to a world where everyone can participate in creating a better future, and we have been exploring how we might contribute towards such a participatory future that centres on collective wellbeing. Our ambition is for local systems to be designed to actively support individual and collective wellbeing in places. This requires us to understand how systems work, what the incentives across different actors are and, crucially, what the wellbeing needs and aspirations of residents are'. All of this is all very well and far as it goes; but it won't effect the slightest overall shift without meaningful decentralisation of power, not merely to existing local government structures, so sorely under resourced, but to localities (20-minute neighbourhoods, anyone?), communities - even parishes. And you know that 'levelling up' bad faith policies are not intended or designed to go anywhere near that.


Once you have made the decision of buying your dream care, the next step that comes into the picture is speculating car insurance options. However, this is one decision that neither should be taken too hastily nor should it be kept pending for later. This is something that requires diligence irrespective of the fact whether your car is a first hand or second – hand buy.
Why do you require a car insurance at all?
So, if you are in Brampton and looking for car insurance options, what are you considering? Are you going to buy one just for the sake of it or will you opt for one that has the least possible cover just so that you can avoid bigger premiums? If you are doing so, you are all set to commit a really big mistake.
A car insurance is as important for you as much as it is to have a driving license. There is just one simple purpose that the car insurance serves. It is to protect you against some untoward incidents such as accidents, thefts or other losses that happen as a result of natural occurrences.
Before you could purchase a car insurance in Brampton, it is important to acquire an understanding of the type of insurance policy that you will like to go for. While you do so, do not forget to assess the covers offered by each of them. Based on the purpose you are going to utilize the car for (commercial/private), you may go forward and buy a car insurance in Brampton.
While you are looking for options of car insurance in Brampton, this one is the most basic kind of insurance cover you can opt for. It will cover the damage that has occurred to the third party in case of an accident. The damages to your own vehicle shall not be covered under this type of a policy.
This policy is all – inclusive as it covers the damage to your vehicle and loss to the third party.
Insuring against the losses done to third party is mandatory. However, you can consider a policy that is comprehensive and secures your cars against any damages done.
It is quite evident that the car insurance in Brampton that you are going to purchase will contain its fair share of inclusions and exclusions. Hence, you would not like to commit a mistake while buying one. It is important to go through each condition laid out in the policy papers and thoroughly. This shall help you in making informed decisions and you will be safe from any unpleasant surprises later.
Once you purchase a car insurance policy in Brampton, you might as well feel it important to have the policy cover extended. In such a case, a rider will help you in getting the policy extended. A rider essentially is an additional benefit that can be clubbed into an existing policy. You will be required to pay extra premium to conjugate this into your policy. Hence, before purchasing a policy, make sure you inquire about things such as on – road support, personal cover in cases of accidents, NCB protection, etc. This will provide you the maximum benefit from the policy.
These are a few basics that will help you in purchasing a car insurance in Brampton. Remember, there is nothing above life. A policy can also help in supporting your family if something unlikely happens to you.
Now that you have understood the need to invest in a car insurance policy, do not forget to educate those associated to you about the importance of having a car insurance policy in place.


text:
Q: How to find debug information for Ubuntu unlock screen running stock Ubuntu 17.10, gnome shell, razer blade stealth laptop.
after suspend / laptop lid closed, whenever I try to unlock the device, I get past the password check, the screen flashes black, and I'm back to the main login screen (not unlock)
upon second login, th so I can debug / submit errorse desktop session is lost and it behaves as a fresh login event.
looking at Syslog there is no crash / error info that's useful, or related, so I'm not certain where to surface data to further debug / submit bugs to the issue tracker.
thanks!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Strickland Biohazard, Forensic & Death Clean Up Services from BIOHAZARD TRAUMA & CRIME SCENE CLEANING NSW. We Provide Forensic Clean up services to Strickland and all areas of SA including rural locations.
If you need a property cleaned properly after a death in the family, call the expert Forensic clean up crew from Biohazard Trauma & Crime Scene Cleaning - We service Strickland Tasmania & greater regional Tasmania. Call the experts in biohazard & death clean ups Strickland on 1300 BIO HAZ.


In order to overcome operational challenges, business owner should be relieved from day to day operations & has to focus on right structure, manpower, processes, skills and establishing proper co-ordination amongst business functions.
We facilitate the change by closely working with the owner & business heads in channelizing their operational planning & actions.
We conduct comprehensive performance audit across business functions to discover unseen gaps and root cause for the problems. We further assess current planning & execution capabilities and propose right solutions in context of client business.


text:
package hudson.remoting;

import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.annotations.NonNull;
import hudson.remoting.pipe.RandomWorkload;
import hudson.remoting.pipe.Workload;
import org.jenkinsci.remoting.nio.FifoBuffer;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FilterOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;

/**
 * @author Kohsuke Kawaguchi
 */
public class ChunkedInputStreamTest extends Assert {

    FifoBuffer buf = new FifoBuffer(53,1024*1024);
    ChunkedInputStream i = new ChunkedInputStream(buf.getInputStream());
    ChunkedOutputStream o = new ChunkedOutputStream(37,buf.getOutputStream());

    ExecutorService es = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);

    @After
    public void tearDown() {
        es.shutdown();
    }

    /**
     * Just copy 10MB of random data.
     */
    @Test
    public void tenMegaCopy() throws Exception {
        test(new RandomWorkload(10*1024*1024),
                i, new AutoChunkedOutputStream(o));
    }

    @Test
    public void boundaryPositionCheck() throws Exception {
        test(new Workload() {
            int size = 1024;

            @Override
            public void write(OutputStream o) throws IOException {
                Random boundary = new Random(0);
                Random data = new Random(1);

                for (int j=0; j<size; j++) {
                    byte[] buf = new byte[boundary.nextInt(4096)];
                    data.nextBytes(buf);
                    o.write(buf);
                    ((ChunkedOutputStream)o).sendBreak();
                }

                o.close();
            }

            @Override
            public void read(InputStream i) throws IOException {
                Random boundary = new Random(0);
                Random data = new Random(1);

                for (int j=0; j<size; j++) {
                    byte[] buf = new byte[boundary.nextInt(4096)];
                    data.nextBytes(buf);

                    ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                    ((ChunkedInputStream) i).readUntilBreak(baos);

                    assertEquals(buf.length, baos.size());
                    assertArrayEquals(buf, baos.toByteArray());
                }

                assertEquals(-1, i.read());

                i.close();
            }
        },i,o);
    }

    private void test(final Workload w, final InputStream i, final OutputStream o) throws Exception {
        Future<Object> fw = es.submit(() -> {
            w.write(o);
            return null;
        });
        Future<Object> fr = es.submit(() -> {
            w.read(i);
            return null;
        });

        fr.get();
        fw.get();
    }

    static class AutoChunkedOutputStream extends FilterOutputStream {
        AutoChunkedOutputStream(ChunkedOutputStream out) {
            super(out);
        }

        @Override
        public void write(int b) throws IOException {
            out.write(b);
        }

        @Override
        public void write(@NonNull byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
            out.write(b, off, len);
            ((ChunkedOutputStream)out).sendBreak();
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Body Size as a Driver of Scavenging in Theropod Dinosaurs.
Theropod dinosaurs dominated Earth's terrestrial ecosystem as a diverse group of predators for more than 160 million years, yet little is known about their foraging ecology. Maintaining a balanced energy budget presented a major challenge for theropods, which ranged from the chicken-sized Microraptor up to the whale-sized Giganotosaurus, in the face of intense competition and the demands of ontogenetic growth. Facultative scavenging, a behavior present in almost all modern predators, may have been important in supplementing energetically expensive lifestyles. By using agent-based models based on the allometric relationship between size and foraging behaviors, we show that theropods between 27 and 1,044 kg would have gained a significant energetic advantage over individuals at both the small and large extremes of theropod body mass through their scavenging efficiency. These results were robust to rate of competition, primary productivity, and detection distance. Our models demonstrate the potential importance of facultative scavenging in theropods and the role of body size in defining its prevalence in Mesozoic terrestrial systems.


text:
\section{Introduction}

The asymptotically measured gravitational mass $M$ of a spherically
symmetric asymptotically flat Schwarzschild black-hole spacetime is
directly related to the horizon radius $R$ by the simple relation
$M=R/2$ \cite{Chan,Noteunits}. It is well known that a stronger
upper bound on the gravitational masses of spatially regular
self-gravitating horizonless compact objects is provided by the
physically important Buchdahl bound $M\leq 4R/9$ \cite{Buch}.

Similar bounds are known to exist for charged self-gravitating
compact objects. In particular, charged Reissner-Nordstr\"om black
holes are characterized by the simple relation $M=R/2+Q^2/2R$
\cite{Chan}. In a physically interesting paper, Andr\'easson
\cite{Hak1} has recently derived the stronger upper bound
\begin{equation}\label{Eq1}
\sqrt{M}\leq{{\sqrt{R}}\over{3}}+\sqrt{{{R}\over{9}}+{{Q^2}\over{3R}}}\
\end{equation}
on the gravitational masses of spatially regular horizonless charged compact objects.

In the present paper we raise the following physically intriguing
question: Can one improve the important upper bound (\ref{Eq1}) on
the masses of self-gravitating charged compact objects by adding to
the characteristic properties of the corresponding horizonless
curved spacetimes the physically motivated requirement of dynamical
{\it stability}?

As we shall explicitly show below, the above stated question is
directly related to the physically important theorem presented
recently in \cite{CBH} (see also \cite{Hodrw,Hoddd}), according to
which the innermost null circular geodesic of an horizonless compact
object, if it exists, is stable \cite{Notesth}. In particular,
combining this interesting physical property of the spatially
regular self-gravitating compact objects that we consider in the
present paper with the intriguing assertion made in \cite{Keir} (see
also \cite{CarC,Hodt1}), according to which horizonless spacetimes
which possess stable null circular geodesics (stable closed light
rings) are expected to develop non-linear instabilities in response
to the presence of time-dependent massless perturbation fields
\cite{Notekk}, one concludes that spatially regular compact objects
that possess light rings in their exterior spacetime regions are
dynamically unstable.

Motivated by the physically important observations made in
\cite{CBH,Keir} regarding the (in)stability properties of
horizonless compact objects, in the present paper we shall use {\it
analytical} techniques in order to derive an improved upper bound
[see Eq. (\ref{Eq22}) below] on the maximally allowed gravitational
masses $M^{\text{max}}(R,Q)$ of dynamically {\it stable} spatially
regular charged compact objects.

\section{Description of the system}

We consider self-gravitating horizonless charged compact objects
whose spatially regular curved spacetimes are described by the
spherically symmetric line element
\cite{Chan,ShTe,CarC,Hodt1,Hodt2,Notesc}
\begin{equation}\label{Eq2}
ds^2=-e^{-2\delta}\mu dt^2 +\mu^{-1}dr^2+r^2(d\theta^2 +\sin^2\theta
d\phi^2)\  .
\end{equation}
The radially dependent metric functions $\mu=\mu(r)$ and
$\delta=\delta(r)$ are related to the composed energy-momentum
tensor $T^{\mu}_{\nu}(\text{total})=T^{\mu}_{\nu}(\text{matter})+
T^{\mu}_{\nu}(\text{electromagnetic-field})$ of the charged matter
configurations by the Einstein field equations \cite{Chan}
\begin{equation}\label{Eq3}
G^{\mu}_{\nu}=8\pi[T^{\mu}_{\nu}(\text{matter})+T^{\mu}_{\nu}(\text{electromagnetic-field})]\
,
\end{equation}
which, using the curved line element (\ref{Eq2}) and the functional
expressions \cite{BekMay}
\begin{equation}\label{Eq4}
{T^{\text{em}}}^{t}_{t}={T^{\text{em}}}^{r}_{r}=
-{T^{\text{em}}}^{\theta}_{\theta}=-{T^{\text{em}}}^{\phi}_{\phi}=-{{Q^2(r)}\over{8\pi
r^4}}\
\end{equation}
for the components of the electromagnetic (em) energy-momentum
tensor, can be expressed in the differential forms
\cite{BekMay,Hodt1,Noteprm}
\begin{equation}\label{Eq5}
\mu'=-8\pi r\Big[\rho+{{Q^2(r)}\over{8\pi
r^4}}\Big]+{{1-\mu}\over{r}}\
\end{equation}
and
\begin{equation}\label{Eq6}
\delta'=-{{4\pi r(\rho +p)}\over{\mu}}\  .
\end{equation}
Here $Q(r)$ is the electric charge contained within a sphere of
areal radius $r$ \cite{BekMay}, $\rho\equiv
-T^{t}_{t}(\text{matter})$, and $p\equiv T^{r}_{r}(\text{matter})$
\cite{Bond1}.

The metric functions $\{\mu,\delta\}$ of the horizonless spatially
regular asymptotically flat spacetime (\ref{Eq2}) are respectively
characterized by the near-origin and far-region functional relations
\cite{Hodt1}
\begin{equation}\label{Eq7}
\mu(r\to 0)\to1\ \ \ \ ; \ \ \ \ \mu(r\to\infty)\to1\
\end{equation}
and \cite{Hodt1}
\begin{equation}\label{Eq8}
\delta(0)<\infty\ \ \ \ ; \ \ \ \ \delta(r\to\infty)\to 0\ .
\end{equation}
In particular, the Einstein equation (\ref{Eq5}) implies that the
radial metric function $\mu(r)$ can be expressed in the
mathematically compact form \cite{Hak1}
\begin{equation}\label{Eq9}
\mu(r)=1-{{2m(r)}\over{r}}+{{Q^2(r)}\over{r^2}}\  ,
\end{equation}
where $m(r)$ is the gravitational mass contained within a sphere of
radius $r$ \cite{BekMay,Hak1}. For later purposes we note that, as
explicitly proved in \cite{Hodt1}, regular self-gravitating
matter configurations with asymptotically measured finite ADM masses
are characterized by the asymptotically decaying functional behavior
\begin{equation}\label{Eq10}
r^3 T^{r}_{r}(\text{total})\to 0\ \ \ \ \text{for}\ \ \ \
r\to\infty\ .
\end{equation}

\section{The upper bound on the gravitational masses of stable spatially regular horizonless charged compact
objects}

In the present section we shall prove that, in the dimensionless
regime  \cite{Noteqq,Notets}
\begin{equation}\label{Eq11}
{{Q}\over{M}}\leq \sqrt{{{9}\over{8}}}\  ,
\end{equation}
one can use the instability properties of spatially regular
horizonless spacetimes which possess light rings
\cite{CBH,Hodrw,Hoddd,Keir}, in order to derive an upper bound on
the gravitational masses of physically realistic ({\it stable})
charged compact objects. In particular, below we shall explicitly
show that the newly derived bound [see Eq. (\ref{Eq22}) below] is
stronger than the important upper bound (\ref{Eq1}).

The functional equation which determines the radii of light rings in
the curved spacetime (\ref{Eq2}) was derived in
\cite{Chan,CarC,Hodt1}. For completeness of the presentation, we
shall first provide a brief sketch of the analytical derivation of
the functional relation which characterizes the null circular
geodesics of the charged spacetime. As explicitly shown in
\cite{Chan,CarC}, the circular null trajectories which characterize
the spherically symmetric spacetime (\ref{Eq2}) are determined by
the two relations \cite{Notethr,Notedot}
\begin{equation}\label{Eq12}
V_r=E^2\ \ \ \ \text{and}\ \ \ \ V'_r=0\  ,
\end{equation}
where the effective potential $V_r$ is given by the functional
expression \cite{Chan,CarC,Hodt1}
\begin{equation}\label{Eq13}
E^2-V_r\equiv \dot
r^2=\mu\Big({{E^2}\over{e^{-2\delta}\mu}}-{{L^2}\over{r^2}}\Big)\  .
\end{equation}
Here the energy $E$ and the angular momentum $L$ are conserved
quantities which reflect the fact that the metric components of the
spherically symmetric static spacetime (\ref{Eq2}) are independent of
the time and angular coordinates $\{t,\phi\}$
\cite{Chan,CarC,Hodt1}.

Substituting Eq. (\ref{Eq13}) into Eq. (\ref{Eq12}) and using the
Einstein differential equations (\ref{Eq5}) and (\ref{Eq6}), one
finds that the light rings of the spherically symmetric static
curved spacetime (\ref{Eq2}) are determined by the compact
functional relation
\begin{equation}\label{Eq14}
{\cal R}(r)\equiv 3\mu-1-8\pi r^2\Big[p-{{Q^2(r)}\over{8\pi
r^4}}\Big]=0\ \ \ \ \text{for}\ \ \ \ r=r_{\gamma}\  .
\end{equation}
In addition, taking cognizance of Eqs. (\ref{Eq7}), (\ref{Eq10}),
and (\ref{Eq14}), one deduces that the dimensionless function ${\cal
R}(r)$, whose zeroes determine the discrete radii of the null
circular geodesics of the spherically symmetric spacetime
(\ref{Eq2}), is characterized by the two boundary relations
\begin{equation}\label{Eq15}
{\cal R}(r=0)=2\ \ \ \ \text{and}\ \ \ \ {\cal R}(r\to\infty)\to 2\
.
\end{equation}
These simple relations imply that spatially regular horizonless
compact objects are generally characterized by an {\it even} number of
null circular geodesics \cite{CBH,Hoddd,NoteHoddd}.

The stability properties of the null circular geodesics are
generally determined by the second spatial derivative of the
effective curvature potential (\ref{Eq13}) \cite{Chan,CarC}. In
particular, unstable light rings are characterized by locally
concave radial potentials with $V''_r(r=r_{\gamma})<0$, whereas
stable circular geodesics which, as discussed in \cite{Keir}, are
associated with non-linear instabilities of the corresponding curved
spacetimes, are characterized by locally convex curvature potentials
with the property $V''_r(r=r_{\gamma})>0$ \cite{Chan,CarC}. Taking
cognizance of Eqs. (\ref{Eq5}), (\ref{Eq6}), (\ref{Eq12}), and
(\ref{Eq13}), and using the conservation equation $T^{\mu}_{r
;\mu}=0$ \cite{BekMay}, one finds the simple functional relation
\cite{Hoddd,Hodrw}
\begin{equation}\label{Eq16}
V''_r(r=r_{\gamma})=-{{E^2e^{2\delta}}\over{\mu r_{\gamma}}}\times
{\cal R}'(r=r_{\gamma})\  .
\end{equation}

From Eqs. (\ref{Eq14}) and (\ref{Eq15}) one deduces that the
innermost null circular geodesic, $r=r^{\text{innermost}}_{\gamma}$,
of a spatially regular horizonless compact object is generally
\cite{NoteHoddd} characterized by the properties
\begin{equation}\label{Eq17}
{\cal R}(r=r^{\text{innermost}}_{\gamma})=0\ \ \ \ \text{and}\ \ \ \
{\cal R}'(r=r^{\text{innermost}}_{\gamma})<0\  .
\end{equation}
In particular, the innermost light ring of a spatially regular
compact object, if it exists, is generally {\it stable} with the
property $V''_r(r=r^{\text{innermost}}_{\gamma})>0$ [see Eqs.
(\ref{Eq16}) and (\ref{Eq17})] \cite{Hodrw,CBH,Hoddd}.

The exterior spacetime regions $(r\geq R)$ of the spherically
symmetric charged compact objects that we consider in the present
paper are characterized by the relations \cite{Hak1}
\begin{equation}\label{Eq18}
\rho=p=0\
\end{equation}
and \cite{Chan}
\begin{equation}\label{Eq19}
\mu(r)=1-{{2M}\over{r}}+{{Q^2}\over{r^2}}\ \ \ \ \text{for}\ \ \ \
r\geq R\  ,
\end{equation}
where $\{M,Q\}$ are respectively the total gravitational mass and
the total electric charge of the spherically symmetric spacetime as
measured by asymptotic observers.

Let us assume that the spatially regular charged compact object
possesses an external light ring with $r_{\gamma}>R$. Substituting
Eqs. (\ref{Eq18}) and (\ref{Eq19}) into the functional relation
(\ref{Eq14}), which characterizes the null circular geodesics of the
spherically symmetric spacetime (\ref{Eq2}), one finds the
remarkably simple expression
\begin{equation}\label{Eq20}
r^{\text{outer}}_{\gamma}={1\over2}\big(3M+\sqrt{9M^2-8Q^2}\big)
\ \ \ \ \ \text{for}\ \ \ \ \ {{Q}\over{M}}\leq \sqrt{{9\over8}}\
\end{equation}
for the radius of the outer light ring.

As discussed above, the presence of the light ring (\ref{Eq20})
outside the surface of a spatially regular horizonless compact
object \cite{Notepr} implies the existence of a second (stable)
light ring (with the property
$r^{\text{innermost}}_{\gamma}<r^{\text{outer}}_{\gamma}$) in the
charged curved spacetime. In particular, as suggested in
\cite{Keir}, the presence of this inner {\it stable} null circular
geodesic in the spherically symmetric curved spacetime (\ref{Eq2})
may {\it indicate} that the corresponding horizonless compact object
is non-linearly unstable to massless perturbation fields
\cite{Notekk,Notenw}. One therefore concludes that spatially regular
horizonless spacetimes describing physically realistic ({\it
stable}) compact objects must not possess light rings. This physical
fact yields the lower bound [see Eq. (\ref{Eq20})]
\begin{equation}\label{Eq21}
R>{1\over2}\big(3M+\sqrt{9M^2-8Q^2}\big)\
\end{equation}
on the radii of stable horizonless charged compact objects.

\section{Summary and discussion}

In a physically important paper, Andr\'easson \cite{Hak1} has
recently derived the upper bound (\ref{Eq1}) on the gravitational
masses of spatially regular horizonless charged compact objects. In
the present paper we have raised the physically interesting related
question: Can one derive a stronger upper bound on the gravitational
masses of {\it stable} charged compact systems?

This physically intriguing question is motivated by the recent
theorem presented in \cite{CBH} which, when combined with the
results presented in \cite{Keir}, asserts that horizonless compact
objects whose curved spacetimes possess null circular geodesics
(light rings) are non-linearly unstable to massless perturbation
fields.

Using analytical techniques, we have proved that the answer to the
above stated question is `Yes!'. In particular, it has been
explicitly proved that the masses of physically realistic ({\it
stable}) self-gravitating horizonless compact objects are bounded
from above by the compact functional relation [see Eq. (\ref{Eq21})]
\begin{equation}\label{Eq22}
M<{{R}\over{3}}+{{2Q^2}\over{3R}}\ \ \ \ \ \text{for}\ \ \ \ \ {{Q}\over{M}}\leq \sqrt{{9\over8}}\  .
\end{equation}
Taking cognizance of (\ref{Eq1}) and (\ref{Eq22}) one finds that, in
the dimensionless regime $Q/M\leq \sqrt{9/8}$, the analytically
derived upper bound (\ref{Eq22}) on the gravitational masses of
stable spatially regular charged compact objects is {\it stronger}
than the physically important bound (\ref{Eq1}).
In particular, one finds that the newly derived upper bound
(\ref{Eq22}) is stronger than (\ref{Eq1}) in the $R\geq Q$ regime.
In addition, we recall that in the present paper we consider compact
objects which are characterized by the dimensionless inequality
$Q/M\leq \sqrt{9/8}$ [see (\ref{Eq11})] which, taking cognizance of
Eq. (\ref{Eq21}), corresponds to $R>\sqrt{2}Q$. One therefore
concludes that, in the $Q/M\leq \sqrt{9/8}$ regime, the bound
(\ref{Eq22}) for {\it stable} charged compact systems is stronger
than the bound (\ref{Eq1}).

Finally, it is worth mentioning that a universal upper bound on the
entropies of charged compact systems has been presented in
\cite{Noteunits,BekMay2,Hodebc}:
\begin{equation}\label{Eq23}
S\leq \pi(2MR-Q^2)\  .
\end{equation}
Interestingly, substituting the newly derived upper bound
(\ref{Eq22}) on the masses of physically realistic charged compact
objects into (\ref{Eq23}), one can express the entropy upper bound
in terms of the surface area $A=4\pi R^2$ of the corresponding
charged stable physical system \cite{Noteen}:
\begin{equation}\label{Eq24}
S\leq {{A}\over{6}}-{{\pi Q^2}\over{3}}\  .
\end{equation}

\bigskip
\noindent {\bf ACKNOWLEDGMENTS}

This research is supported by the Carmel Science Foundation. I would
like to thank Yael Oren, Arbel M. Ongo, Ayelet B. Lata, and Alona B.
Tea for stimulating discussions.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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Bubble Football (or soccer if you're from America) has spread to Serbia. As seen in the clip it is all about smashing into each other, bouncing around and rolling across the grass in inflatable orb like balls. Forget faking an injury while you're ensconced in the balls, is anyone keeping score?
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Gwen Stefani Music Music Videos News Watch
Gwen Stefani Recreates Iconic Looks in "Let Me Reintroduce Myself" Clip
January 1, 2021 January 15, 2021 Hidden Jams 0 Comments Cry Happy, Gwen Stefani, Here This Christmas, In The Studio, Kelly Clarkson, Let Me Reintroduce Myself, Luke Niccoli, Lyric Video, Music Video, New Album, New Single, New Song, Ross Golan, Sleigh Ride, When Loving Gets Old 8 min read
A few weeks ago, Gwen Stefani returned to pop music with her single "Let Me Reintroduce Myself," the first taste of her upcoming fourth studio album. Today, Gwen reintroduces herself visually, and what a stunning reminder it is! Her nostalgic new music video for "Let Me Reintroduce Myself" recreates some of her most iconic looks, from "Don't Speak" to "Rich Girl" and more.
True to its title, "Let Me Reintroduce Myself" highlights some of the best of what Gwen is known for and has done over her three decades in music so far. The song opens with staticky radio, reminiscent of her No Doubt hit, "Underneath It All." We then hear Spanish guitar – reminding fans of "Don't Speak" – which runs throughout much of the song. Over a laid-back yet fresh reggae beat – another nod to her No Doubt days – Gwen sings about how she's still the same person she's always been; she hasn't changed. Indeed, everything we loved about her is still true to who she is today. She references the bananas of "Hollaback Girl" and offers cheer to her fans, both through her lyrics and because this song is so loveably Gwen.
Subtly similar to how the "What You Waiting For" music video opened back in 2004, the new video for "Let Me Reintroduce Myself" starts with a behind-the-scenes look at Gwen's creative process and a phone call. Extra funds in place for the video shoot, Gwen then walks on stage, ready for her close up. But it's not long before she's interrupted by her past selves: the Gwens from previous videos like "Just A Girl," "Don't Speak," "What You Waiting For," "Rich Girl," "Hollaback Girl," and "Wind It Up." We also see her iconic 1998 blue hair look, and a glimpse of the pink hair she sported in the "Ex-Girlfriend" music video. Of course, she's not completely stuck in the past. Gwen also shows us fresh looks and flaunts her new engagement ring. By the end, the multiple Gwens are on gleeful video chats and dancing on stage together.
Take a trip down memory lane with the "Let Me Reintroduce Myself" music video below:
You can stream or buy "Let Me Reintroduce Myself" from all the major music providers here. It's expected to appear on Gwen's upcoming fourth studio album, due later this year.
New Album Soon
In a series of interviews last month, Gwen confirmed that there's more where "Let Me Reintroduce Myself" came from! In the past year, she's written about 20 songs. Thankfully, a full album is on the horizon this year. Indeed, in October Gwen did state that she was writing a lot, citing Kelly Clarkson's recent prolific writing as her source of inspiration.
Gwen revealed that the origins go back to February 2020, when she was sent a song called "When Love Gets Old," which had been written specifically for her. That opened the doors to Gwen writing more songs with the writers. They wrote one called "Cry Happy" in February, right before quarantine began. Recording those songs inspired Gwen to keep going, whether or not anyone would hear what she was writing.
From here, Gwen went back and uncovered all the music she first latched onto when she was in 8th grade, bringing her back to her ska and reggae roots. She mentioned being inspired by the political and antiracist messages of early ska and reggae artists, and her recent efforts to learn more on those fronts. Gwen also mentioned being affected by the #MeToo movement. Those themes may appear in her own new music.
Over the last several months, Gwen has mostly worked with Ross and Luke. They composed "Let Me Reintroduce Myself" in late August. However, she's also mentioned writing with Greg Kurstin and Mozella. Naturally, nearly everything that they've written last year has been over Zoom calls! They've composed about 20 songs so far, and they're not done yet!
While Gwen didn't provide a timeline for her upcoming album, we predict that it should be out by summer 2021.
More Gwen Stefani News
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Gwen Stefani & Blake Shelton Drop Acoustic Version Of "Nobody But You"
See Gwen Stefani & Blake Shelton's Tender "Nobody But You" Video
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Gwen Stefani Announces 'You Make It Feel Like Christmas' Deluxe Reissue
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Gwen Stefani Films "Make Me Like You" Music Video Live During Grammys
Gwen Stefani Releases Upbeat New Single, "Make Me Like You"
More From Gwen
Gwen's last studio album was This Is What The Truth Feels Like, released in early 2016. It launched the singles "Used To Love You," "Make Me Like You," and "Misery."
More recently, Gwen released her first holiday album, You Make It Feel Like Christmas, in 2018. She then re-released the Christmas album in 2018 with five more songs. Last fall, she added two more songs to the holiday record: a cover of "Sleigh Ride" and an original song called "Here This Christmas."
Gwen has moved into the country world in the past year, thanks to her boyfriend Blake Shelton. They had a big hit with their duet "Nobody But You" about one year ago; they followed that with "Happy Anywhere."
In August, Gwen also appeared on a remix of Dua Lipa's Future Nostalgia song, "Physical."
Enjoy "Let Me Reintroduce Myself" and its nostalgic new music video! And get ready for more music in the coming months! You can catch up on all we know about her upcoming fourth studio album here. Keep checking back here for all the latest Gwen Stefani music news.
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Neo Chalkiopoulo will have a temperature between 11.2°C and 16.5°C. Neo Chalkiopoulo will be extremely calm, with only a slight breeze as its wind speed will be 2 Beaufort, east-northeast.
The moderate rain may cause problems in some streets and roads, due to flooding. You can avoid these problems, by wood crafting, in the afternoon. At night, the temperature will be 12.1 degrees.


The article constitutes an attempt to analyze the policy of the Polish king Jan Kazimir (1648 - 1668) between the peace of Oliwa (april 1660) and the diet session (may/june 1661). The disasters in the first half of Jan Kazimir's reign helped his efforts with the home reforms, the main obstacle was the war against Sweden. After peace of Oliwa the royal policy become possible . The enforce-ment of the royal's policy proceed in the several phases. The main battle of the royal party and the opposition was realized during the diet session in the year 1661. The fact, that royal policy wasn't enforced, had number of reasons. The main reasons was overtrusting the magnates (Lubomirski, Leszczynski), that at the turning points of the diet sessions had not supported king and his policy. The period after the end of the diet session was influenceed by the rebellion of the Lithuanian and Crown troops, so that problems of the election vivente rege was sidetracked. The failure of the royal couple policy made the end to the reformative efforts and in the context of the following events - it was a wasted chance.


text:
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Robert Mugabe, longtime Zimbabwe leader, dies at 95
By Farai Mutsaka and Christopher Torchia, Associated Press HARARE, Zimbabwe (AP) — Robert Mugabe, the former leader of Zimbabwe forced to resign in 2017 after a 37-year rule whose early promise was eroded by economic turmoil, disputed elections and human rights violations, has died in Singapore. He...
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Trump administration moves to end limits on child detention
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UN: Nearly 71 million now displaced by war, violence at home
GENEVA (AP) — A record 71 million people have been displaced worldwide by war, persecution and other violence, the U.N. refugee agency said Wednesday, an increase of more than 2 million from a year earlier — and an overall total that would amount to the world's 20th most populous country. The...
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BEIJING (AP) — A huge fan of rock legends Queen, Peng Yanzi rushed to see "Bohemian Rhapsody," the biopic about the band's late lead singer, Freddie Mercury, while he was traveling in Britain last October. It was a touching film that made him cry hard, Peng says. He loved it enough to watch it a...


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For much of my career, I have been drawn to problems in scientific computing with strong combinatorial undertones. Examples include sparse matrix orderings, load balancing, mesh generation and many others. In any standard taxonomy of scientific computing, these disciplines would be widely scattered, but researchers working in them share a common vocabulary, toolset and aesthetic. By the late nineties, several of us recognized the value of building a community to allow these researchers to interact and to bring visibility to the importance of discrete algorithms in scientific computing. The result was the formation of Combinatorial Scientific Computing community. CSC is concerned with the formulation, application and analysis of discrete methods in scientific applications.
A number of SIAM minisymposia were followed by a series successful international workshops and a special issue of ETNA. The next CSC workshop will be held in conjunction with the SIAM Conference on Optimization in 2011. In 2006, DOE funded a SciDAC institute on Combinatorial Scientific Computing and Petascale Simulations, or CSCAPES (pronounced "sea-scapes"). The following paper and talk are an attempt to convey my view of the essence of CSC.
Combinatorial Scientific Computing: The Enabling Power of Discrete Algorithms in Computational Science, Bruce Hendrickson and Alex Pothen. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science 4395:260-280, 2007.
Combinatorial Scientific Computing: The Role of Discrete Algorithms in Computational Science and Engineering, Bruce Hendrickson. Plenary talk at SIAM CSE'03.