text:
Public Papers of Harry S. Truman, 1947
Contents: 1947 1 Letter Accepting Resignation of Bernard M. Baruch as U.S. Representative on the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission. 2 Annual Message to the Congress on the State of the Union. 3 Letter Accepting Resignation of James F. Byrnes as Secretary of State. 4 Special Message to the Congress: The President's First Economic Report. 5 Memorandum Concerning the Red Cross Campaign. 6 the President's News Conference on the Budget. 7 Annual Budget Message to the Congress: Fiscal Year 1948. 8 Statement by the President on Highway Safety. 9 Remarks to Members of the President's Committee on Civil Rights. 10 Letter to Secretary Patterson and Secretary Forrestal Concerning Unification of the Armed Services. 11 White House Statement Concerning the President's Recommendation of an Additional Repeal of Authorized Appropriations. 12 Letter to the President of the Senate and to the Speaker of the House Concerning Creation of a Department of National Defense. 13 Exchange of Messages With the President of France. 14 the President's News Conference of 15 Letter to the President of Italy Following Prime Minister De Gasperi's Visit to the United States. 16 Message to the King of Sweden on the Death of Prince Gustaf Adolf. 17 Radio Remarks on Behalf of the March of Dimes Campaign. 18 Special Message to the Congress on Extension of the Second War Powers Act. 19 the President's News Conference of 20 Letter to Leaders of Labor and Management in the Building and Construction Industry. 21 Message to the Congress Transmitting First Annual Report on U.S. Participation in the United Nations. 22 Letter to the President of the Senate and to the Speaker of the House on Succession to the Presidency. 23 Statement by the President on the Death of O. Max Gardner. 24 Special Message to the Congress on Rubber. 25 Message to Admiral Stone Commending Him on His Service With the Allied Commission for Italy. 26 Letter to the President of the Senate and to the Speaker of the House Concerning Gifts to the United Nations. 27 Statement by the President Announcing Further Steps in Aid of Highway Safety. 28 Statement by the President on the Increasing Incidence of Heart Disease. 29 Statement by the President Urging Extension of Authority to Ship Emergency Supplies to Europe. 30 Toasts of the President and the President-Elect of Uruguay. 31 the President's News Conference of 32 Statement by the President on the Famine in Rumania. 33 Citation Accompanying Legion of Merit Awarded to the King of Saudi Arabia. 34 Citation Accompanying Legion of Merit Awarded to the Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia. 35 Special Message to the Congress on Termination of Emergency and Wartime Powers. 36 the President's News Conference of 37 Special Message to the Congress Requesting Appropriations for Aid to Liberated Countries. 38 Special Message to the Congress on U.S. Participation in the International Refugee Organization. 39 Statement by the President Upon Issuing Order on the Administration of the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Program. 40 Message to the Congress Transmitting First Report of the Air Coordinating Committee. 41 White House Statement in Response to Foreign Secretary Bevin's Remarks Relating to U.S. Interest in Palestine. 42 Letter to the President of the Senate and to the Speaker of the House Transmitting Draft of National Security Act. 43 Remarks to Representatives of the American Council of Voluntary Agencies for Foreign Service. 44 Special Message to the Congress Requesting Funds for Rental Housing for Veterans. 45 Statement by the President Upon Signing Bill for Cooperation With Mexico in Control of Livestock Diseases. 46 the President's News Conference of 47 Statement by the President on the World's Food Needs. 48 Remarks Upon Presenting the Wendell Willkie Awards for Journalism. 49 Radio Remarks Opening the Red Cross Campaign. 50 Special Message to the Congress on Discontinuing the Selective Service. 51 Address in Mexico City. 52 Address on Foreign Economic Policy, Delivered at Baylor University. 53 Letters Concerning the Owmr Advisory Board's Report on the Guaranteed Wage. 54 Special Message to the Congress Recommending Establishment of an Office of Selective Service Records. 55 Letter to Members of the Advisory Committee on the Merchant Marine. 56 Special Message to the Congress on Greece and Turkey: The Truman Doctrine. 57 Statement by the President Concerning Greek Reaction to His Message. 58 Special Message to the Congress on Export Controls. 59 Special Message to the Congress on U.S. Participation in the World Health Organization. 60 Statement by the President Upon Signing the Urgent Deficiency Appropriation Bill. 61 Message to Secretary General Trygve Lie on the Anniversary of the United Nations First Meeting in the United States. 62 the President's News Conference of 63 Statement by the President on the Expiration of the Selective Training and Service Act. 64 Statement by the President Upon Signing the Sugar Control Extension Act. 65 Special Message to the Congress Recommending Extension of Rent Controls. 66 Statement by the President on the Death of the King of Greece. 67 the President"S News Conference of 68 Address at the Jefferson Day Dinner. 69 Statement by the President: The Diamond Anniversary of Arbor Day. 70 the President's News Conference of 71 Remarks Broadcast as Part of a Franklin D. Roosevelt Memorial Program. 72 Special Message to the Congress on Control of Trade in Arms and Munitions of War. 73 Citations Accompanying Medal for Merit Awarded to Cordell Hull. 74 Remarks at a Meeting With the American Society of Newspaper Editors. 75 Statement by the President on the Improved Budget Outlook. 76 Address in New York City at the Annual Luncheon of the Associated Press. 77 Veto of Resolution Limiting Application of Provisions of Law to Counsel of the Senate Committee to Investigate the National Defense Program. 78 the President's News Conference of 79 Remarks of Welcome to President Aleman of Mexico at the Washington National Airport. 80 Message to the Congress Transmitting Reorganization Plan 1 of 1947. 81 Message to the Congress Transmitting Reorganization Plan 2 of 1947. 82 Remarks to a Special Group on the Role of the Press in Traffic Safety. 83 Joint Statement Following Discussions With the President of Mexico. 84 Citation Accompanying Legion of Merit Awarded to Miguel Aleman, President of Mexico. 85 Letter to the President, National Association of Wholesalers., 86 Address at the Opening of the Conference on Fire Prevention. 87 Letter Appointing Members of Panel on Labor Problems in Government-Possessed Plants or Mines. 88 the President's News Conference of 89 Letter to the Speaker of the House of Representatives Requesting Appropriations for the Employees Loyalty Program. 90 the President's Special Conference With the Association of Radio News Analysts. 91 Exchange of Messages With President Aleman of Mexico. 92 Statement by the President Concerning Final Burial of the Dead of World War II. 93 Special Message to the Congress Upon Signing the Portal-To-Portal Act. 94 Citation Accompanying Medal for Merit Awarded to John Wesley Snyder. 95 the President's News Conference of 96 Letter to Senator Wherry Concerning the Moratorium on Reclamation Projects and Other Federal Construction. 97 Letter to Secretary Anderson Calling a Conference on Farm Real Estate Prices. 98 Special Message to the Congress on Health and Disability Insurance. 99 Special Message to the Congress Recommending Extension of the Second War Powers Act. 100 Statement by the President Upon Signing Bill Endorsing the Truman Doctrine. May 101 Special Message to the Congress on Military Collaboration With Other American States. 102 Special Message to the Congress Transmitting Reorganization Plan 3 of 1947. 103 Statement by the President Upon Signing Orders Relating to Meritorious Awards for Wartime Services. 104 Special Message to the Congress Transmitting Agreement Extending Interstate Compact to Conserve Oil and Gas. 105 Joint Statement Following Discussions With Ambassador Ivanissevich of Argentina. 106 Letter to the President of the Senate and to the Speaker of the House Transmitting Report of the Advisory Commission on Universal Training. 107 the President's News Conference of 108 Statement by the President on Palestine. 109 Statement by the President Upon Receiving the Attorney General's Report on Governmental Patent Practices and Policies. 110 Address in Kansas City at the 35th Division Reunion Memorial Service. 111 Address Before the Canadian Parliament in Ottawa. 112 the President's Special News Conference With Prime Minister Mackenzie King Near Ottawa. 113 Statement by the President on the Treaty of Peace With Italy. 114 Statement by the President on the Peace Treaties With Hungary, Rumania, and Bulgaria. 115 Letter Appointing Members of a Special Board of Inquiry on Air Safety. 116 Veto of Bill to Reduce Income Taxes. 117 Commencement Address at Princeton University. 118 Address Opening the President's Second Highway Safety Conference. 119 Letter to the President of the Senate and to the Speaker of the House on the Administration of Guam, Samoa, and the Former Japanese Mandated Islands. 120 Veto of the Taft-Hartley Labor Bill. 121 Radio Address to the American People on the Veto of the Taft-Hartley Bill. 122 Statement by the President on the Economic Effects of Foreign Aid. 123 Special Message to the Senate Transmitting Conventions and Recommendations of the International Labor Conference. 124 Special Message to the House of Representatives Transmitting Conventions and Recommendations of the International Labor Conference. 125 Letter to Senator Barkley on the Attempt to Override the Taft-Hartley Veto. 126 Special Message to the Senate Transmitting a Convention of the International Labor Conference. 127 the President's News Conference of 128 Veto of the Wool Act. 129 Remarks Broadcast on the Second Anniversary of the United Nations. 130 Address Before the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. 131 Special Message to the Congress Upon Signing the Housing and Rent Act. 132 Citation Accompanying Medal for Merit Awarded to Dean Acheson. 133 Statement by the President Upon Signing Resolution Authorizing Him to Accept Membership in the International Refugee Organization. 134 Letter to the President of the Senate and to the Speaker of the House Transmitting Bill Providing Benefits to Philippine Army Veterans. 135 Statement by the President on the Reduction in Appropriations for the Bureau of Internal Revenue. 136 Special Message to the Congress on the Control and Administration of the United Nations Headquarters in New York City. 137 Special Message to the Congress on the Trusteeship Agreement for the Territory of the Pacific Islands. 138 Independence Day Address Delivered at the Home of Thomas Jefferson. 139 Statement by the President on the Report of the Cabinet Committee on World Food Programs. 140 Special Message to the Congress on Admission of Displaced Persons. 141 the President's News Conference of 142 Statement by the President on the Wage Increase of the Coal Miners. 143 Statement by the President Upon Signing the Second Decontrol Act. 144 Special Message to the Congress on Flood Control in the Mississippi River Basin. 145 the President's News Conference of 146 Letter to Members of the Commission on Organization of the Executive Branch. 147 Veto of Second Bill to Reduce Income Taxes. 148 Letter Appointing Members to the Air Policy Commission. 149 Letter to the Chairman of the Air Coordinating Committee. 150 Letter Accepting Resignation of Robert P. Patterson as Secretary of War. 151 Statement by the President Upon Signing Resolution Authorizing Approval of Trusteeship Agreement for the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. 152 Excerpts from Special Message: The President's Midyear Economic Report to the Congress. 153 Statement by the President: The Jewish New Year. 154 Letter to the President of the Senate and to the Speaker of the House Concerning a Proposed Statue of Commodore John Batty. 155 the President's News Conference of 156 Statement by the President Upon Signing Resolution Terminating Additional Emergency Powers. 157 Statement by the President on the Dangers of Explosive-Type War Souvenirs. 158 Statement by the President Upon Signing Bill Authorizing Redemption of Veterans' Terminal Leave Bonds. 159 Executive Order 9877: Functions of the Armed Forces. 160 Memorandum of Disapproval of Bill to Amend the Interstate Commerce Act. 161 Statement by the President Upon Approving Resolution Providing for Congressional Study of Aviation Problems. 162 Memorandum of Disapproval of Bill Authorizing Commemorative Coins. 163 Memorandum of Disapproval of Bill Relating to Refund of Taxes Illegally Paid by Indian Citizens. 164 Remarks to Reporters Following the Death of the President's Mother. 165 Memorandum of Disapproval of Bill Reimbursing the District of Columbia for Expenses of U.S. Park Police. 166 Letter to Governor Pinero of Puerto Rico Upon Signing Bill Providing for an Elected Governor. 167 Memorandum of Disapproval of Bill Repealing the Ship Warrants Act. 168 Memorandum of Disapproval of Bill to Permit Part-Time Referees in Bankruptcy to Act for Claimants Against the United States. 169 Memorandum of Disapproval of the National Science Foundation Bill. 170 Memorandum of Disapproval of Bill to Exclude Newspaper and Magazine Vendors from the Social Security System. 171 Memorandum of Disapproval of Bill Relating to Garbage Originating Outside the Continental United States. 172 Memorandum of Disapproval of Bill for the Construction of a Bridge Across the St. Lawrence River. 173 Statement by the President on the New Housing and Home Finance Agency. 174 the President's News Conference of 175 Memorandum of Disapproval of Bill to Continue Certain Mining Subsidies. 176 Statement by the President Upon Approving Resolution Continuing Regulation of Consumer Credit. 177 the President's News Conference of 178 Statement by the President on Myron C. Taylor's Mission to the Vatican. 179 Citation Accompanying Medal for Merit Awarded to David K. Niles. 180 the President's News Conference on the Review of the Budget. 181 Statement by the President on the Review of the 1948 Budget. 182 the President's News Conference of 183 Statement by the President Upon Receiving Report of His Scientific Research Board. 184 Letter to Secretary Schwellenbach on Employment of the Physically Handicapped. 185 Exchange of Messages With Pope Pius XII. 186 Letter to Secretary Krug on the Forthcoming International Conference on Natural Resources. 187 Statement by the President: Labor Day. 188 Address Before the Rio De Janeiro Inter-American Conference for the Maintenance of Continental Peace and Security. 189 Address in Rio De Janeiro Before a Joint Session of the Congress of Brazil. 190 Letter to the President, National Federation of Federal Employees. 191 the President's News Conference of 192 Letter to Dr. Vannevar Bush Upon His Appointment as Chairman, Research and Development Board. 193 Radio Address Opening the Community Chest Campaign. 194 Statement by the President Making Public a Report "the Federal Research Program." 195 the President's News Conference Following a Meeting With Congressional Leaders. 196 the President's Special Conference With Editors of Business and Trade Papers. 197 Letter to Committee Chairmen on the Situation in Western Europe. 198 Remarks to Members of the Citizens Food Committee. 199 Citation Accompanying Medal for Merit Awarded to Louis Johnson. 200 Citation Accompanying Medal for Merit Awarded to Fred M. Vinson. 201 Statement by the President Making Public a Report "Administration for Research." 202 Radio and Television Address Concluding a Program by the Citizens Food Committee. 203 Citation Accompanying the Legion of Merit Awarded to the Shah of Iran. 204 Address Broadcast to the Women of the United States. 205 the President's News Conference of 206 Statement by the President Making Public a Report "Manpower for Research." 207 Telegram to State Governors Urging Cooperation With the Citizens Food Committee. 208 Statement by the President Concerning Payment of Procurement Obligations to France. 209 the President' S News Conference of 210 Remarks and Question and Answer Period With the National Conference of Editorial Writers. 211 Statement by the President Making Public a Report "the Nation's Medical Research." 212 Statement by the President on Receiving Secretary Krug's Report "National Resources and Foreign Aid." 213 the President's News Conference Announcing the Calling of a Special Session of Congress. 214 Radio Address to the American People on the Special Session of Congress. 215 Statement by the President Making Public a Report by the Civil Rights Committee. 216 Statement by the President on the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. 217 Statement by the President Making Public a Report "the Impact of the Foreign Aid Program Upon the Domestic Economy." 218 the President's News Conference of 219 Statement by the President Making Public a Report "European Recovery and American Aid." 220 Special Message to the Congress Transmitting Report on Assistance to Greece and Turkey. 221 the President's News Conference of 222 Statement by the President on the Government's Employee Loyalty Program. 223 Statement by the President Making Public the Report of the Advisory Committee on the Merchant Marine. 224 Special Message to the Congress on the First Day of the Special Session. 225 Letter to the Chairman, Citizens Food Committee, on the Need for Continuing Conservation Efforts. 226 the President's News Conference of 227 Letter Accepting Resignation of Robert E. Hannegan as Postmaster General. 228 Special Message to the Congress on Extending the Maritime Commission's Authority to Operate, Sell, and Charter Vessels. 229 Statement by the President Making Public a Report on the Needs of the Navajo Indians. 230 Special Message to the Senate Transmitting the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance. 231 Address on Conservation at the Dedication of Everglades National Park. 232 the President's News Conference of 233 Citation Accompanying the Distinguished Service Medal Presented to Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz. 234 Statement by the President on the Need for Preserving Freedom and Independence in Italy. 235 Statement by the President Making Public a Report of the Commission on Higher Education. 236 the President's News Conference of 237 Statement by the President Announcing Appointment of Members of the National Labor-Management Panel. 238 Special Message to the Congress on the Marshall Plan. 239 Exchange of Messages With Prime Minister De Gasperi of Italy. 240 Address at the Lighting of the National Community Christmas Tree on the White House Grounds. 241 Statement by the President Upon Signing Order Establishing the Interdepartmental Committee for Scientific Research and Development. 242 Statement on the Resolution Enacted in Response to the President's Message of November 17. 243 the President's News Conference of
Author: Harry S Truman | Date: April 29, 1947
Remarks of Welcome to President Aleman of Mexico at the Washington National Airport.
Mr. President, distinguished guests, and friends:
It is an especial pleasure for me to greet you here in Washington, Mr. President, as the guest of the Government and people of the United States. It gives me the deepest personal satisfaction to do this, and in extending a welcome to Your Excellency, I greet you not only as the President of the United Mexican States, but as a man whom I have come to know and value as a personal friend.
The people of this country followed closely each of the many acts of genuine hospitality that were extended to me as their Chief of State during my visit to Mexico a few weeks ago. They interpret your many kindnesses to me, not only as an example of the wholehearted Mexican hospitality that thousands of our visitors to your country have experienced, but also as a symbol of the relationship between the friendly peoples of two neighboring countries.
The nations of this hemisphere are confronted today with problems of many kinds, some affecting the two American continents and serious in their import to the well-being and happiness of our Western World, and others that influence our actions as individual republics. We can all do much to raise the living standard of the hemisphere and of the world by increasing our production of foodstuffs and of raw materials needed by industry, and by improving the distribution of these products, in the spirit of our Inter-American Association.
We have, as a group of free nations, the moral strength, and moreover have the proved good will of our several countries, to find equitable and peaceful solutions to differences of any nature that arise among us who live in the New World. One can find no better testimony of this than the manner in which the peoples of Mexico and the United States are living side by side today.
The people of every State of the Union have asked, by means of letters and telegrams to me, to their Congressmen, to civic organizations, and to the press, that this Government endeavor to the best of its ability to reciprocate the most hospitable welcome that you and the Mexican people extended 6 weeks ago to me and through me to the people of the United States. My small part in carrying out this mandate will be one of the happiest events of my tour of office. We want to show you the full extent of our appreciation of your visit to our country and of our determination to perpetuate friendship with the great Mexican nation.
In welcoming you today to Washington, I express to Your Excellency and to the distinguished members of your party the sincere hospitality of the people of the United States.
NOTE: President Aleman's response (as translated) follows:
"Mr. President:
"I have followed with deep interest the kind words of Your Excellency welcoming me to the capital city of this great country. Your country is great not only by reason of its vast resources and the spirit of its people, but because of the overwhelming responsibilities that the moral rule of democracy impresses on all nations that are strong and prosperous.
"In a world where skepticism and discord still becloud peace, our confidence, the confidence of all the Americas, in the fitness of democracy, is one of the most valuable assets which we have inherited in our hemisphere. Therefore, I fervently wish to declare to you on this occasion that Mexico has absolute faith in democracy. The democratic ideals are bonds that bring my countrymen in closeness with the citizens of this Nation. Many thousands of Mexicans live here and we earnestly wish thesame happiness in their homes and success in their undertakings that we desire for ourselves in Mexico.
"We have not forgotten, Mr. President, your visit to my country, gratifying for us, the nobility of your homage as a man and as a Chief Executive to the best loved heroes of our history, or your lucidity as a statesman and your genuineness as a friend.
"During your brief stay in Mexico you won the affection of my countrymen on your own merits, for what you are, a vigorous champion of good neighborliness in our hemisphere.
"Political relations between Mexico and the United States have nothing to hide or to dissemble. We deal together in broad light, without subterfuge or reservations. Their Chief Executives do not meet secretly to discuss agreements that cannot be openly avowed, but to reiterate out loud, in public, their sincere desire to live together in mutual respect and under law and to cooperate in strengthening the economy of their nations, increasing thereby their production and applying their resources to industry.
"It is our peoples, Mr. President, who in fact shape our diplomacy. And as leaders of our peoples, we ought to regard ourselves the trustees of their hopes, the emissaries of their enthusiasm and the official interpreters of their devotion for the cause of justice.
"While in Mexico, Your Excellency had an opportunity to prove the manly natural cordiality of the Mexican people. Although just arrived in this capital city, I am pleased to perceive the same manly natural cordiality in the people of the United States.
"On the basis of a political awareness so alive in our peoples, I look forward with certainty to the growing affirmation of Mexican-American friendship every year, for the good of a world that is impatient for all men to understand, appreciate, and help one another.
"In gratefully acknowledging your welcome, I extend through Your Excellency greetings to the people of the United States of America. I earnestly wish the prosperity of your country and that the relations between our two republics may be constantly pointed out, in the future, as a clear example of self-respecting cooperation and of solidarity without loss of independence."
The text of President Truman's remarks and President Aleman's response was released in both English and Spanish.
Title: Public Papers of Harry S. Truman, 1947
Chicago: Harry S Truman, "79 Remarks of Welcome to President Aleman of Mexico at the Washington National Airport.," Public Papers of Harry S. Truman, 1947 in Federal Register Division. National Archives and Records Service, Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, Harry S Truman, 1947 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1956-), Pp.534-538 222. Original Sources, accessed January 27, 2023, http://www.originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=8MEA3SXUINB6X7E.
MLA: Truman, Harry S. "79 Remarks of Welcome to President Aleman of Mexico at the Washington National Airport." Public Papers of Harry S. Truman, 1947, in Federal Register Division. National Archives and Records Service, Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, Harry S Truman, 1947 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1956-), Pp.534-538, page 222. Original Sources. 27 Jan. 2023. http://www.originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=8MEA3SXUINB6X7E.
Harvard: Truman, HS, '79 Remarks of Welcome to President Aleman of Mexico at the Washington National Airport.' in Public Papers of Harry S. Truman, 1947. cited in , Federal Register Division. National Archives and Records Service, Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, Harry S Truman, 1947 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1956-), Pp.534-538, pp.222. Original Sources, retrieved 27 January 2023, from http://www.originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=8MEA3SXUINB6X7E.


The choices offered by digital publishing can only be good news for writers, says Barry Eisler. So why are traditional publishers so angry?
Until November 2007, when Amazon introduced the Kindle, the only viable means of book distribution was paper. Accordingly, a writer who wanted to reach a mass audience needed a paper distribution partner. A writer could hire her own editor and her own cover design artist; she could even hire a printing press to create the actual books. The one service she couldn't hire out was distribution. And publishers didn't offer distribution as an à la carte service. If a writer wanted distribution, she had to pay a publisher 85% of her revenues for the entire publishing package: editorial, copyediting, proofreading, jacket design, printing, and marketing, all bundled with distribution.
Was a price of 85% of revenues a good deal for this packaged publishing service? For some writers, it clearly was. JK Rowling became a cash billionaire via the traditional packaged publishing service, and obviously there are hundreds of other examples of authors for whom the packaged service has represented a good value.
But for every author who wanted and benefited from the packaged service, there were countless others who took it – if they could get it at all – only because they had no alternative.
Digital distribution has provided that alternative. And increasing numbers of authors are choosing it.
Digital book distribution is available to anyone who wants it. What in the paper world requires trucks, warehouses, a sales force, and longstanding relationships with buyers at dozens of retail operations, in digital is a push-button à la carte service offered by companies like Amazon, Apple, Barnes & Noble, Google, Kobo, and Smashwords. An author so inclined can buy digital distribution for 30% of the list price of the book she's publishing – the same digital distribution a legacy publisher offers – and outsource all other publishing functions, all for significantly less than legacy publishers charge for their packaged service.
Tens of thousands of writers newly presented with the lower-priced, à la carte choice of self-publishing are taking it. Many others prefer the traditional route. Some are embracing a hybrid approach, doing one book with a legacy publisher, another with Amazon Publishing, and yet another by self-publishing.
Now, there's nothing unnatural about this, you might think. Or undesirable. I myself have published books with legacy publishers, with Amazon Publishing, and via self-publishing. The various possibilities all have their advantages and disadvantages, there's no one-size-fits-all solution, and different routes will make sense for different authors. What matters is that authors make informed choices – because, for the first time, we authors are fortunate enough to have choices to make.
And yet, when I offered these fairly axiomatic observations during a recent keynote at the 21st annual Pike's Peak Writers Conference, the reaction among some editors and agents in the audience (and elsewhere) was extremely negative, with some walking out; others taking to Twitter to urge others to leave, to boycott my talks, and to boycott conferences where I'm talking; and a fair amount of name-calling.
The hostility is surprising in one sense (we're just talking business, after all, not politics or religion), but in another sense it's readily understandable. Because in essence, what I was describing in my talk was how digital distribution has changed the legacy publishing industry from something a writer needed, into something a writer might merely want. Because of digital, legacy publishing, which used to be a necessity, is now only potentially useful.
Bear in mind, "useful" is not at all a bad thing. It doesn't mean no one will want you. No one "needs" a BMW, after all, and yet BMW manages to sell millions of its cars to people who like to drive them.
But if your worldview, your conception of your rightful place in the universe, has always been informed by the implicit knowledge that you are indispensable, and tens of thousands of authors are now informing you that you'll have to account for your value or they will take their business elsewhere, it's not so inconceivable that you might find your sensibilities temporarily shocked.
Hopefully, the shock will lead to action. Necessities in business are rare, after all. They're called monopolies, and their customers typically revolt at the first opportunity. But businesses without a monopoly position – which is to say, almost all businesses – manage to thrive all the time while being "merely" useful. If so many other businesses are able to thrive because they are useful, there's no reason to believe legacy publishers can't do so, as well.
We have to be careful not to conflate publishing services with the entities that have traditionally provided them. The services are essential; the entities are not. This would seem a fairly obvious point, and yet as thoughtful and experienced a person as novelist James Patterson is now calling for a bailout of the legacy publishing industry, apparently because he fears that publishing is dying.
No. Publishing isn't dying; it is evolving. Authors understand this, and are embracing it. Legacy publishers need to do the same.


Here you can find all information about the Simple Classic Rhombus Shape Three Colored Jade Dangle Earrings,including the beautiful Simple Classic Rhombus Shape Three Colored Jade Dangle Earrings pictures,the lowest price of Simple Classic Rhombus Shape Three Colored Jade Dangle Earrings,the frequently asked questions of the Simple Classic Rhombus Shape Three Colored Jade Dangle Earrings.You will love the handmade Simple Classic Rhombus Shape Three Colored Jade Dangle Earrings when you get it.
We can supply the premium quality Simple Classic Rhombus Shape Three Colored Jade Dangle Earrings with comparable price.
Welcome to wholesale Simple Classic Rhombus Shape Three Colored Jade Dangle Earrings from Aypearl.com!!!


The All Oxford Business area providing listings for Business in Oxford. Every entry on this page has been reviewed by our editorial team and provides accurate information for a service or business related to Business in Oxford.
To add your site to the Business section absolutely free go to the submission page.


AniaDolce . AdelineDreamX. HotNastyMilfx. DavidWalker.
LetoWhitePattyTSHotBigRyanSubAngelDevoted .AliseLinaSweetKevinLuvPrettyBUTTSRobbie862 .ThereSexyBoySweetJunnyViktorBigEvaSiren .TSrosesTamaraJohnsonModelKimberly2extremecuplexxx .KaliSaintSandraMeyerPERSEFONETSThereSexyBoy .LetoWhiteLoveMePlease2xHottieBlueEyesTSroses .ViktorBigWetDreamCristalKloeAnneDariaDydy .BicthSlavexForUTatianaSuperBodyBlondyDollForYouVictoriaaBb .WetDreamCristal0XCoupleHotX0xCheskaQUEENxCandelo .AudreyMillerSexyDollSlave4uYoungShannonEricaSmileyGirl .WetDreamCristalBrendaFemDomvladhotmanLorenneFoxxy .
ThereSexyBoyKsuBestBeautyXtrnrinatalike .andreasanchezTatianaSuperBodyKevinLuvHotStraight .HottieSeXXUrLittleHottie69Candelouksportgirl .BiancaWestJOHNNYkoh20NenseyCutieWenddy .uksportgirlNewWildCplAMAZINGjulia23SexyDollSlave4u .Robbie862KsuBestBeautyCutieWenddyvaleriasweetfu .LHORYTSJuliannaSexxMiaRiveraAdelineDreamX .AdelineDreamXCutieWenddyLoveMePlease2xNensey .HotBigRyanSubAngelDevotedPrettyBUTTSrinatalike .PrettyBUTTSEricaSmileyGirlDavidWalkerPattyTS .AnalBalletALeeBrightHotStraightLadyLoversx .


With the ST-HYDRO 4000 you now have the ability to increase the mileage of your fleet with every fill up, also lowering the carbon footprint of your vehicle. Using distilled water, air and the electricity from your vehicle, the ST-HYDRO 4000 creates Hydrogen gas. This gas, when mixed with your fuel, either Gasoline or Diesel, creates a hotter burning, better performance fuel mixture that gives you back the added mileage you have been losing.
The ST-HYDRO 4000 uses distilled water with no chemical additives such as lye or baking soda, which are bad for the environment and are illegal in some states, while also reducing the emission of harmful greenhouse gasses into the environment.


LG has announced that the LG G7 Fit, built for a wider audience with a more attractive price point than its other flagship models and previously unveiled at IFA 2018, is now available in certain key markets starting this week.
It was built with the intention of offering the most popular features of the LG G7 ThinQ, notably a high-end camera, display, and audio features, without the high-end price.
LG G7 Fit users will avail of intelligent camera feature AI CAM which allows users to choose from eight shooting modes with additional effect options that can be applied if the photo isn't up to scratch.
Its 6.1″ QHD+ (3120 x 1440) FullVision display with 19.5:9 aspect ratio features Super Bright Display LCD technology with a maximum 1,000 nits so you can easily see the screen even on a very bright day.
The G7 Fit features the same polished metal rim and premium all-glass of the LG G7 ThinQ, with an IP68 rating for dust and water resistance.
Featuring LG's 32-bit Hi-Fi Quad DAC for optimum sound when paired with quality earphones, the G7 Fit also delivers incredible bass with Boombox Speaker as well as virtual 3D sound up to 7.1 channel audio with DTS:X 3D Surround Sound.
Powered by Qualcomm Snapdragon 821 and with 4GB of RAM and up to 64GB of internal storage, the smartphone is powerful enough for gaming and streaming without any potential lagging.
Beginning this month, customers in Europe, Latin America, Asia, Africa and the Middle East will be able to purchase the G7 Fit. No pricing information released at the time of writing.


The Chicago mayor hopes voters will allow him to avoid an April runoff despite school closures and outbreaks of violent crime.
Too often, candidates run for office promising one thing and deliver another, alienating or simply disaffecting voters, and ultimately losing their offices. Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel faces a different sort of challenge: For the most part, he's given voters what he said he would. Now, do they want to keep it?
He'll find out Tuesday, when Windy City voters go to the polls in a mayoral election. Emanuel has mounted an extremely expensive, high-powered push to get past 50 percent of the vote—the threshold he needs to win reelection outright and avoid an April 7 runoff. The X-factor in the race seems to be black voters, so Emanuel has rolled out endorsements from high-profile African American politicians, including his former boss President Obama and Representative Bobby Rush, the only man to ever beat Obama in an election.
A Chicago Tribune poll last week showed that Emanuel was within striking distance of an outright majority, with 45 percent of voters backing him, and nearly 20 percent undecided. Emanuel's top opponent is Cook County Commissioner Jesus "Chuy" Garcia; other challengers include Alderman Bob Fioretti and businessman Willie Wilson.
It's been a rambunctious four years for Emanuel. After an election campaign in which he was nearly disqualified under residency requirements, the former U.S. representative and White House chief of staff cruised to victory. Since then, Emanuel has closed almost 50 schools; dealt with a strike by public-school teachers; passed an austerity budget for the city; and faced a significant murder rate. The bruising term has turned some voters off, especially after 22 years in which the city was led by the same man, Richard Daley. But in many ways, Emanuel has done just what he said he would, bringing his brusque, no-nonsense approach to the mayorship.
Long a pragmatic moderate who reveled in muscling his preferred strategies through—often with the aid of a generous helping of profanity—that's just what he's done, on issues ranging from the budget to education. Emanuel has exercised a control over the levers of power that exceeds even his long-tenured predecessor, bending the City Council and even the state legislature to his will. But that focus seems to have come at a cost: retaining support among voters themselves, who have grown chilly on Emanuel after giving him 55 percent of the vote four years ago.
Reaching the 45 percent mark is an accomplishment in its own right. Not long ago, Emanuel's polling was in the tank, and his reelection seemed in doubt. His rebound has been helped by two big factors: good luck, and piles and piles of money. First, two of his most formidable potential opponents bowed out. Two black candidates decided not to run—Toni Preckwinkle, president of the Cook County Board, passed, and Karen Lewis, a major Emanuel antagonist as head of the teachers' union, opted against running when she was diagnosed with a brain tumor.
Meanwhile, Emanuel has raised $15 million in the race, pouring much of it into television ads. His enormous war chest has allowed him to far outspend Garcia on the airwaves, who was unable to get TV time until the final two-week stretch of the race. In moving early to get on TV and bury his opponent, Emanuel is taking a page out of Obama's playbook in the 2012 presidential election, when he and allies spent early to "define" Mitt Romney for voters.
If Emanuel has ridden Obama's coattails, his challengers have tried to emulate New York Mayor Bill de Blasio's example. As a technocratic, moderate Democrat who used a top-down style and has won plaudits from neoliberal pundits on issues like education, he seems to invite just the sort of left-wing campaign de Blasio used in his come-from-behind victory in 2013. They've even co-opted de Blasio's leitmotif, accusing Emanuel of overseeing a city divided into "two Chicagos."
The irony is that even as Emanuel risks losing voters, his hold on the city has been extremely strong—stronger even than Daley, by some measures. The mayor has managed to turn the city council into a "rubber stamp" for his policies, with aldermen backing him more than they did Daley or his father, who was mayor for 21 years.
Hence the race to the finish for the mayor, as he spent aggressively and shook as many hands as possible in the last few days before balloting. Not that gladhanding is a pleasant task right now—as of writing, it feels like -14º F in Chicago. Tomorrow won't be great either, with the high barely reaching freezing and a forecast of gusty winds that should live up to Chicago's nickname. Bad weather tends to be a boon to incumbents. For a candidate who's already gotten very lucky, the forecast is one last stroke of fortune.


text:
UK Safer Internet Centre Public Report Released
Childnet International is part of the UK Safer Internet Centre (UKSIC), along with two other leading UK charities - the Internet Watch Foundation (IWF) and South West Grid for Learning (SWGfL). Co-funded by the European Commission's Connecting Europe Facility, UKSIC's mission is to make the internet a better place for children and young people. As UKSIC embarks on its fifth phase of co-funding from the European Commission, we look back at the achievements of the Centre over the last thirty months in our end-of-phase report.
Read the report here
The UKSIC has three main pillars, an awareness centre, a hotline and a helpline. Together, these functions serve to support young people, parents and carers, and professionals - in the UK and around the world.
Over the last two and a half years the UKSIC has:
Distributed almost two million printed resources
Reached 45% of 8-17 year olds and 30% of parents and carers with our Safer Internet Day messages
Handled over 400k reports from the public to our hotline, which identifies and removes online images of child sexual abuse
Trained 5,500 young people as digital leaders in their school community
Delivered over 500 training sessions around the UK for children professionals and parents and carers
The report highlights the progress and achievements that the Centre has made in making the internet a better and safer place for all. As a result of the work of our hotline, child sexual abuse content hosted in the UK has reduced from 18% in 1996 to below 1%.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Adaptive Sports Foundation(ASF) was established in 1995 by Peter M. Treacy, a disabled skier from Knowlton, Quebec. Following an accident that left him an amputee, Peter's dream was to start a ski school for children and adults with physical disabilities. His mission was clear: to establish, operate and maintain educational programs that encourage individuals with physical disabilities to discover new abilities through winter and summer sports.
The Adaptive Sports Foundationis a leader in teaching adaptive sports. The passion and dedication of our volunteers and students is the basis for this success. Our objective is to expand our programs and offer more adaptive outdoor sports opportunities.
Our mission is to offer educational sports programs to individuals with physical disabilities in order to encourage them to develop new skills through outdoor sports. We are committed to helping individualsdevelop self-confidence, personalmotivation and greater physical strength, all within the framework of an activity they can enjoy with their family and friends.
At the Adaptive Sports Foundationwe believe everyone is entitled to enjoy the benefits of sports. In this regard, all our outdoor sports programs take place under the supervision of experienced volunteers who receive training enabling them to effectively respond to the specific needs of each participant. Whether they are a beginner or more advanced, every participant receives training adapted to their needs.
The Adaptive Sports Foundation is a registered charity with the Canada Revenue Agency.


THE OCEANS are aiming high, and rightfully so!
With a striking voice that remains in people's minds and unrivalled songwriting as trademarks, the three musicians create a unique sound: vibrant and positive Up-Beat pop which motivates, touches and fascinates their audience within seconds.
With their new single U CAN BE MY ONE and a sound straight out of America THE OCEANS meet the ravages of time: A catchy beat, a melody which invites to sing along and an interesting feature with the rapper C-BLACK are the recipes for the success of this international production.


Advances in Information and Communications Technology (ICT), particularly the so-called Web 2.0, are affecting all aspects of our life: How we communicate, how we shop, how we socialise, how we learn. Facilitating learning through the use of ICT, also known as eLearning, is a vital part of modern educational systems. Established pedagogical strategies, such as Problem Based Learning (PBL), are being adapted for online use in conjunction with modern Web 2.0 technologies and tools. However, even though Web 2.0 and progressive social-networking technologies are automatically associated with ideals such as collaboration, sharing, and active learning, it is also possible to use them in a very conservative, teacher-centred way limiting thus their impact. In this paper, we present PBL 2.0 framework, i.e., a framework combining PBL practices with Web 2.0 technologies. More specifically, we (a) explain the theoretical considerations and construct the PBL 2.0 framework; (b) develop a learning platform to support the PBL 2.0 framework approach; and (c) apply PBL 2.0 in a real-world setting for lecturing University students. Pilot results are encouraging as overall satisfaction with the developed platform and good acceptance of the new learning practices is observed. Although the full potential of PBL 2.0 could not be achieved due to different institutional and cultural obstacles, authors believe that PBL 2.0 framework provides good guidance for designing and implementing a PBL course. © International Forum of Educational Technology & Society (IFETS).


text:
Economic free fall leaves Georgians trying to stay on their feet
By Craig Schneider
Stuart Landman took full advantage of metro Atlanta's real estate bubble in 2006. The Lawrenceville mortgage broker earned more than $100,000 from work built on commission. He closed deals on up to 10 homes per month.
He owned 13 rental houses and others that he bought low, fixed up and sold for a nice profit. Business couldn't have been better.
"I was feeling good," the 55-year-old man said. "I was getting people in homes."
Yet when the real estate market crashed, so did Landman's financial portfolio. He went through job loss, foreclosures, personal bankruptcy and a lot of soul-searching. With most of those rental properties gone, he now makes about $40,000 per year.
The Landmans' situation, in many ways, is a microcosm of metro Atlanta.
As the region's per capita income last year dropped more than the national average, for some, parties filled with friends, regular trips to nice restaurants and vacations have disappeared.
Stuart Landman is clipping coupons now.
Rick Hawkins, a Riverdale cabinet maker, laid off most of his workers — and sold off nearly all of his vintage cars.
And when John Veal, an IT manager from Cherokee County, lost his job, he cashed out his 401K savings plan to pay bills.
For them and others, living is no longer about success; it's about survival.
Across metro Atlanta, per capita income shrunk 4.8 percent — down from $38,336 in 2008 to $36,482 to 2009. Per capita income nationally dropped 2.8 percent to $40,757, according to figures from the U.S. Department of Commerce.
Landman's concerns center around paying for his daughter's education and meeting his family's everyday needs. He's trying creative solutions to boost his business, working more with technology such as video presentations for clients. It's been an adjustment.
"My wife and I cried," Landman said.
The reasons for economic free fall are no mystery; they just have hit metro Atlanta harder than most.
"The biggest jolt came from the shutting down of construction activity," said Rajeev Dhawan, Georgia State University economic forecasting center director.
The national recession also slammed metro Atlanta's tourism and convention business. Unemployment remains above the national average. The region has one of the highest bank failure rates in the country.
"The credit industry is gummed up," making it hard for people and business to start again, Dhawan said.
Hawkins, the cabinet maker, depends on the credit industry to find work. In 2008, 90 percent of his jobs came from commercial clients such as hotels, offices and shops. When commercial loans dried up, so did the bulk of his business. He had to lay off four of his five workers and sell off more than half of his prized vintage Volkswagen car collection to invest in his company. He found himself bidding on jobs so small he might passed on them years ago.
"I have started to receive phone calls this year, but it's still small potatoes," Hawkins said. "Before it was a $20,000 job or whatever. Now it's a $5,000 job."
Hawkins said times were tough in the 1980s, when the cost of materials skyrocketed, but that was nothing compared to the past two years.
"I did not live in the Depression so I can't say what that was like, but whenever you lose the amount of business we've lost that was a depression to me," said Hawkins, whose household income dipped 70 percent last year. "Six months ago I had the task of telling my wife that we were broke. It still chokes me up, because she was thinking we were on top of the world."
Hawkins and his wife, Marilyn, a real estate agent whose income also was gutted by the economic meltdown, have learned to do a lot more with less. They stopped eating out. They haven't taken vacations. They are doing what they must to make their payments and survive.
Hawkins said business is finally starting to rebound, albeit meekly. He's launched a new side company focused on creative custom woodwork and is doing millwork for a bowling alley in Chattanooga, income that will carry them through November. And then?
"Back to the soup line," Hawkins said, only half joking.
Veal, 35, said unemployment taught him a lot about himself. He was laid off by American Heritage Academy last year in June, losing his IT job across the hall from his daughter's pre-kindergarten class, as well as the ability to pay for her schooling there.
In the four-month period he looked for work, he questioned how to pay the bills, his relationships and self-worth. He blamed himself for losing his job. He was convinced he should have worked harder, made smarter decisions, worked longer hours.
"I felt completely helpless and humbled," he said.
Veal and his wife, Faith, quickly addressed their expenses. They pulled one daughter out of daycare to save $200 weekly and refinanced the family home for another $200 monthly savings. They refinanced their car and felt fortunate they had paid off the other one. Veal cashed out his 401K savings to pay bills and the $1,700 mortgage.
With their money nearly depleted, Veal found a new job, though it's 70 miles away from his Holly Springs home. That's often a three-hour daily commute. Veal isn't complaining.
He takes fewer risks professionally, works longer hours and thinks more about shielding his family from future hardship.
"I learned that the happiness of my family doesn't depend on the dollars in our account," he said. "I learned that I will survive."
Per capita income is calculated as the cumulative personal income of residents divided by the area population; it includes income streams such as paychecks, rental income, dividends and government support.
ABC officially dropping Amy Robach, T.J. Holmes from 'GMA3′


Studio Mast is an independent graphic design and branding studio based in Denver, Colorado. We work with clients large and small to strategically create and advance identities.
We tell unique stories by pairing beautiful images with relevant messages. A relevant message is a simple, honest message. We aren't interested in persuasion or frivolity. Nor do we believe in the creation of temporary fixes—we are committed to timeless solutions. We believe that ideas—no matter how big or small—are inherently beautiful. We bring these ideas to life. Our approach is tailored to each project. Adapting and changing to fit the specific needs of the client and the business. We develop new processes to solve new problems, producing innovative results. We believe in our clients and build strong relationships with them. Working tirelessly to understand who they are and what they represent. Our goal is to faithfully execute their needs, presenting them in a relatable, appropriate way.
Strategically creating and advancing identities, visual systems, and brand experiences.
Your brand is the cornerstone of your company. Our responsibility is to find the unique and relevant truth about you, envelop ourselves in your story, and find the best way to honestly relate it to your audience. From the creation of the identity to the development of the brand system, our aim is to create a truly holistic brand experience. Once we've created your logo, all facets of your brand grow organically, eminating seamlessly and consistently through all pieces of collateral and touch-points.
Informed by extensive research, we define the story of who you are and what you do. Here, ideas are actualized through imagery. Whether it be the art direction of a website, or the planning and creative direction of a photoshoot. No matter what task, we ensure that all extensions are executed with careful consideration to your vision and narrative.
Before a timeless brand can be created, it needs a name. We gather relevant historical, cultural, and personal influences to develop a unique, ownable name for your company.
From outdoor signage to complete wayfinding systems, we help you get where you are going in a clear, concise, beautiful manner. Simply put, where you are and where you need to go.
Consultation, thoughtful feedback, and redirection for existing brands. Maybe you have a stellar brand in place, but your brand extensions are without clear direction. We can help provide guidance and counsel to ensure that all brand touch-points are faithfully executed across all mediums.
If you are interested in working together or want more information, please send us a message.


The quaint village of Edenderry is an idyllic semi-rural setting on the banks of the River Lagan and is surrounded by beautiful countryside. It is hard to believe that the bustle of South and Central Belfast is only a few minutes away.
The well proportioned accomodation has been tastefully presented throughout and is complemented by a modern fitted kitchen and bathroom. The property further benefits from two well proportioned double bedrooms and is set in a quiet cul-de-sac location which overlooks rolling countryside.
We would recommend an early viewing to avoid missing out.
I am interested in 31 Edenderry Village, Belfast. Please contact me about this property.


text:
Old Hollywood Charm Makes a Comeback at The Charlie Hotel
It only takes one visit to Los Angeles to know this city offers as much diversity in its environment and culture as it does its people. Sure, there's the beach – but like any urban metropolis, Los Angeles hides its most treasured secrets in the walls of its past. The Charlie Hotel is just that – a legendary garden oasis tucked away in a quiet slice of West Hollywood.
Even those who know the city best have no idea this English-styled milieu sits so close to them. Rumored to have originally been Charlie Chaplin's home back in the late 1920s, the property is unlike any other in LA. With 13 bungalows that feel more like private residences than hotel rooms, The Charlie brings sophisticated tranquility to its grounds.
Honoring Hollywood History at The Charlie Hotel
From Clark Gable and Marlene Dietrich to Betty Davis and even Marilyn Monroe, it's said all the "greats" once called these bungalows their home. The smallest of the cottages, however, lies in the back. This one is called the "Charlie." A shack once for the famous Tramp, it is believed this was where the property's magic all began.
According to The Charlie Hotel's operations manager, Masha Treivush, the grounds were first used as Charlie Chaplin's private home and stables. He would often rent his horses out to various film productions. But as the years went on, the property added more bungalows and expanded its residential units.
In 2002, a neighbor had heard the owner was planning to sell the property for condo development, and immediately made an offer to buy and maintain the historical value of The Charlie.
Six years and a few million dollars later, The Charlie Hotel opened its doors to public in 2008. Since then, this illustrious hideaway has offered guests nothing but serenity. And the land for the stables still remains empty in the back; a rare sight in West Hollywood.
From the street, the manor appears humble and discreet, but walk inside, and you are quickly greeted with luxury. Water fountains gracefully welcome you into the lush garden as light chirps from the birds linger in the air. A warm kiss from the setting sun is all you need to completely melt before checking into your room.
Modeled to resemble the old English countryside, the timber-framed tutor-inspired cottages make you question whether you have arrived on a Hollywood backlot or in one of Disneyland's themed worlds.
While there isn't a pool, a large sun deck with plush patio furniture overlooks the garden bungalows and private parking lot, making this a prime location for sunset cocktails and light entertaining.
Each room functions as its own apartment unit. Complete with a full kitchen, dining room, and living room, The Charlie bungalows will make you smile at how much space it has to offer.
The large master bedroom includes a king size bed and marble bathroom. The room even comes with a den and half bath for guests. And we can't forget about the private garden patios that accompany each cottage. Not only does The Charlie have beautiful communal gardens, but the best part is that you also have your own serene enclave.
It goes without saying The Charlie Hotel is the most magical garden escape in Los Angeles. If you have a chance to visit the city or if you live in the city and are considering a "staycation," we highly recommend you consider checking out The Charlie.
To learn more or book your room, visit The Charlie Hotel.
By Britt Hysen 0 Comments
Tags: britt hysen, Los Angeles, hotel, design, BUNGALOWS, CHARLIE CHAPLIN, ENGLISH STYLE, MARILYN MONROE, OLD ENGLISH, OLD HOLLYWOOD, THE CHARLIE HOTEL, WEST HOLLYWOOD
Britt Hysen
Britt Hysen is the Editor-in-Chief and founder of MiLLENNiAL. In response to the branded ad campaigns absorbed by the media platform, Britt launched Kreativ Ctrl, a full-service marketing agency specializing in experiential programming and strategic partnerships.
Retreat To The Santa Cruz Redwoods With Chaminade Resort & Spa
Artist PunkMeTender Comes Out of the Shadows to Exhibit "A Battle Won"
Top Kitchen Gadgets Every Home Chef Should Have During Quarantine


text:
Die Intel I/O Acceleration Technology (Intel I/OAT) ist eine technologische Entwicklung zur Beschleunigung der Ein- und Ausgabe (I/O), mit der die neuen Server ausgestattet sind, die einen  Xeon-Dualcore-Prozessor der Firma Intel verwenden. Es handelt sich dabei um eine Änderung der Hardwarearchitektur, bei der Teile der Verarbeitung des Netzwerkprotokolls vom Netzwerk-Controller und Chipsatz übernommen werden, was den Hauptprozessor entlastet. Bei Servern, die I/OAT enthalten, müssen Intel Gigabit-LAN-Schnittstellen bereits auf dem Mainboard integriert sein. Die Architektur dient der Umstellung von Gigabit-Ethernet (GbE) auf 10-Gigabit-Ethernet (10GbE). So sollen die Leistungsfähigkeit, Skalierbarkeit, Zuverlässigkeit und Wirtschaftlichkeit durch den Einsatz von Intel I/OAT massiv gesteigert werden.

Wozu wird Intel I/OAT benötigt?
Der heutige Netzwerkdatenverkehr überfordert seit einigen Jahren zunehmend die I/O-Leistungsreserven der meisten Server. Die dadurch entstandene Leistungslücke wächst mit den Fortschritten der Netzwerkkommunikation und den steigenden Anforderungen durch die Transaktionsverarbeitung.

Zur Lösung dieses Problems wurde im Mai 2006 mit der Serverplattform Bentsley die Intel I/O Acceleration Technology eingeführt und ist seitdem in sämtlichen Intel XEON-CPUs implementiert. Zunächst war I/OAT hardwareseitig ausschließlich mit Intels eigenen Chipsätzen und Ethernet-Karten kompatibel und lauffähig. Doch bereits ein paar Monate später ermöglichte Intel auch anderen Herstellern, die Technologie unter dem Namen "QuickData" zu nutzen und sie für den breiten Einsatz in möglichst vielen Umgebungen zu optimieren. Intel selbst hat es sich zum Ziel gesetzt, mit I/OAT dem heutigen und künftigen Datenverkehr gerecht zu werden. Im heutigen GbE-Betrieb können (in der Theorie) lediglich maximal 125 MB Daten pro Sekunde übertragen werden.

Funktionsweise
Intel wählte bei I/OAT einen ganzheitlichen Plattform-Ansatz und verteilt den Prozess der Datenverarbeitung auf die Einzelkomponenten, welche die Plattform ausmachen – den Prozessor, den Chipsatz, den Netzwerk-Controller und die Software. I/OAT erhöht den Datendurchsatz bei virtuellen und realen Netzwerktransfers und senkt die Prozessorbelastung teilweise erheblich. Im Gegensatz zu den bisherigen TOEs (TCP Offload Engines) übernimmt I/OAT die komplette Verarbeitung des Protokolls und auch den System-Overhead sowie die Speicherverwaltung.

I/OAT beinhaltet unter anderem eine integrierte und verbesserte DMA-Engine, die einen schnelleren Datentransfer ermöglicht, ein optimierter und Multi-Threading-tauglicher TCP/IP-Stack mit geringerem Overhead und schnelleren Reaktionszeiten, sowie einige andere Techniken zur Beschleunigung auf Plattformebene und Erhöhung der Skalierbarkeit. Das Framework entlastet den Prozessor dadurch von zahlreichen Aufgaben bei der Verwaltung des Netzwerkverkehrs. Die Technologie skaliert derzeit problemlose mit bis zu acht Gigabit-Ethernet-Ports.

I/OAT setzt softwareseitig spezielle Betriebssysteme wie Windows Server (ab NT-Kernel 5.2) oder Linux (ab Kernel-Version 2.6.18.) voraus.

Die Verlässlichkeit und erhöhte Sicherheit der I/OAT ergibt sich zum einen aus der ausschließlichen Nutzung der vertrauenswürdigen TCP/IP-Stacks unter den o. g. Betriebssystemen und zum anderen aus dem verwendeten Stateless-TCP-Offload, der die eingerichteten LAN-Funktionen wie VLAN und Teaming aufrechterhält.

Daraus resultieren insgesamt weniger Risiken und zugleich ein geringerer Aufwand für den IT-Support.

Vorzüge
 Verbesserte DMA-Engine für schnelleren Datentransfer bis zum doppelten maximalen Datendurchsatz
 Ein optimierter TCP-Stack mit bis zu 40 % geringerem CPU-Overhead ermöglicht schnellere Reaktionen der gesamten Anwendung
 Beschleunigung auf Plattformebene durch eine problemlose Skalierung von bis zu acht Gigabit-Ethernet-Ports
 Dank guter Plattformskalierbarkeit steigt mit der Leistungsfähigkeit der CPU die I/O-Leistung
 Weniger Risiken für den IT-Support durch Nutzung der vertrauenswürdigen TCP/IP-Stacks von Windows Server 2003 und Linux
 Erhaltung eingerichteter LAN-Funktionen wie VLAN und Teaming durch Stateless-TCP-Offload
 I/OAT ist ein Standardmerkmal bei Intel Ethernet-Adaptern, womit ein Mehrpreis bei integrierten LAN-Schnittstellen und Netzwerkkarten entfällt

Einzelnachweise

Io Acceleration Technology
Hardware

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
East Is East is a 1996 play by Ayub Khan-Din, first produced by Tamasha Theatre Company in co-production with the Royal Court and Birmingham Repertory Theatre. A semi-autobiographical story of growing up in a mixed-race, working-class family in 1970s Salford, East is East is often cited as one of the key works to bring South Asian culture to mainstream British audiences. The play was published by Nick Hern Books, and subsequently turned into the 1999 film East is East.

Original production
Khan-Din had initially written a draft of the story of East is East as a college student. He was encouraged by Sudha Bhuchar, artistic director at the Tamasha Theatre Company, to submit it for a writing workshop jointly run by Tamasha and the Royal Court. After development there with actors, director and a dramaturge, East Is East was first performed at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre Studio on 8 October 1996. It went on to enjoy sell-out London runs: first at the Theatre Royal Stratford East, and then at the Royal Court Theatre's temporary West End venue. The play won Khan Din the 1997 'Best West End Play' and 'New Writer of the Year' awards from the Writers Guild of Great Britain. The play also won an Olivier Award nomination for Best New Comedy.

After independent producer Leslee Udwin bought the film rights, Khan Din himself wrote the screenplay for a BAFTA Award–winning film of the same name released in 1999. Several of the play's original cast members – including Linda Bassett, Emil Marwa and Jimi Mistry – reprised their roles in the film.

Later productions
Kristine Landon-Smith directed a production at the Oldham Coliseum Theatre in 1999, and Scott Elliott directed a May 1999 production at the Manhattan Theater Club. Nona Shepphard directed a March 2001 run at the Leicester Haymarket Theatre.

A revival ran at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre (in the main house) in September and October 2009 directed by Iqbal Khan.

A revival of the play starring Jane Horrocks and directed by Sam Yates was staged at the Trafalgar Studios in October 2014 as part of Jamie Lloyd's second Trafalgar Transformed'' season before touring the UK from January 2015.

A 25th anniversary production opened at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre from 4 to 25 September 2021 also directed by Iqbal Khan. Following the run in Birmingham, the production transferred to the National Theatre, London and play in the Lyttleton Theatre from October 2021.

Credits
 Director—Kristine Landon-Smith
 Designer—Sue Mayes
 Lighting Designer—Paul Taylor
  Dialect Coach—Jill McCullough
 Fight Director—Malcolm Ransom
 Original Cast—Imran Ali, Linda Bassett, Paul Bazely, Chris Bisson, Kriss Dosanjh, Emil Marwa, Jimi Mistry, Lesley Nicol, Zita Sattar, Nadim Sawalha
 Revival Cast—Ayub Khan-Din, Jane Horrocks, Amit Shah, Ashley Kumar, Darren Kuppan, Taj Atwal, Michael Karim, Sally Bankes, Hassani Shapi, Rani Moorthy, Karl Seth, Pam Bennett, Ash Rizi, Deepal Parmar

Notes

External links
Tamasha.org.uk

1996 plays
British plays adapted into films
Plays by Ayub Khan-Din


You should choose gifts that would assist you in cementing the relationship along with boosting further your business orders. The custom corporate gifts have been those that would be well received and represent something for the person receiving it.
Ice chests are staples for any weekend getaway, camp or picnic. You may be contended through the ideas you have enough cooler boxes to keep your beverages, snacks along with other food products for the whole duration. However, if you don't pack them correctly or prepare the cooler to retain its qualities, you will find high likelihood of the meals getting spoilt soon after days. Before at risk of an open-air picnic or perhaps a camping trip, you have to ready your eskies to support the freshness from the food and beverages.
It requires lots of preparation to keep the food, even if you're venturing out on the eventually trip. For extended stays, it's best should you keep separate cooler boxes to keep drinks in a single and food in another. Odds are, you'll have to remove drinks often meaning each time the ice box is opened up the temperature inside will drop. For this reason it's easier to have food kept in another esky since the food esky is going to be opened up less often compared to drinks esky. Before packing the meals, wash fruit, vegetables along with other perishable foods completely in water that is clean. Pat them dry having a flannel and pack them inside plastic airtight bags. Well sealed plastic containers may also get the job done nonetheless they usually takes up additional space that may be better utilized by using plastic zipper bags. Pack fruit and veggies in separate bags. Don't cut the fruit or break these to conveniently fit them in because they will begin rotting faster. Don't take the perishable foods out before the time you are wanting to rely on them.
To keep hot foods and also to support the warmth of the ice cooler ice boxes, you should use warm packs. The meals should be covered with aluminium foil and should be encircled by many people warm packs. You are able to wrap the whole contents inside a large tea towel which is placed within the ice chest. Always make certain you depart no empty space for that heat to flee from the towel. Fill empty spaces with tea towels and warm packs.
Dry gel Ice packs may be used to fill the cooler. You are able to store them among bottles of drink or food containers. Doing this will make sure they remain correctly chilled in your ice boxes. Being an additional tip, you are able to store a container with salt inside it. The clean container ought to be stored within the freezer a couple of days before your trip. Now, put the container at the end from the chest, and put meat, fish along with other such products on the top from it. Also make certain, you clean the chest area having a solution water and vinegar drawn in equal proportions. Spray the answer inside and wipe them back. Allow it to dry by departing it opens. When the chest includes a removable liner, remove the liner and wash it in tepid to warm water.
If you were into transportation business, you should search for having the best mode of transporting consumable material. A great mode is to use ice gel packs. These packs would keep the edible material frozen without causing any significant trouble.
In case, you were searching for suitable corporate gift supplier, you should search for the one that would handle your specific corporate gifts needs in the best manner possible. It would be in your best interest that you search for the right gifts supplier.


With offices in the leading financial centres of London, New York, Tokyo, Frankfurt, Paris, Madrid, Toronto and further offices in Chicago, Singapore, Ireland, Italy, India and Australia, the company has a global reach enabling it to support customers' local needs wherever they are.
ION has partnered with customers in 25 different countries. Over 3000 traders use ION front end solutions worldwide daily while tens of thousands rely on the ION platform for their day to day trading.


This study investigated the relationships between teacher's professional learning community (PLC), self-efficacy (SE), school type, and gender. Descriptive statistics, t-test, product-moment correlation, and multiple regression analysis were applied to analyze the data. The findings indicated that a significant difference was found between public school teachers and private school teachers in two PLC dimensions, core element and human and social resources, and in one SE dimesnion, classroom management. Another significant differences were found between male teachers and female teachers in three SE dimensions, teaching strategy, classroom management, and student involvement. However, no significant differences was found between both in PLC dimesnions. Moreover, perceived PLC and SE were positive correlated. Perceived PLC could predict perceived SE. These results suggested that PLC appears to play a role in teachers' reported levels of SE and provided initial evidence that the variation between schools in PLC may be explained by the SE.


Are you fond of fashion collars? Allow your favourite dog enjoy wearing such collars on! Choose this top notch leather dog collar with decorations from FDT Artisan. This gear is created for those who just love stylish collars. In this extraordinary collar, your doggie will have more elegant, but stylish look. Your lovable dog will get the gentlest treatment when wearing this FDT Artisan collar. Full grain genuine leather is gentle and totally safe.
Genuine leather was selected to provide total comfort and safety while wearing. The material is perfectly oiled that saves it from cracking. Among the benefits of full grain natural leather are good adjustability, wear-resistance and hardness. The layer of leather is thick enough that prevents the tool cracking. It allows you to walk even big and tough dog safely. Rounded and smooth edges of the FDT Artisan collar are non-cutting and don't irritate the dog's skin. Besides, natural leather doesn't consist of any toxic elements being totally eco-friendly.
Look at the embellishments, they are attractive! Catchy studs are placed along the leather strap. These embellishments are chrome plated and, thus shine with amazing glittering. The fancy design of this supply is inimitable and individual. Due to these decorative elements, this full grain leather dog collar has a spark. That means your dog will have his individual and exquisite style.
As for the hardware of this decorated full grain natural leather FDT Artisan collar, it is chrome plated. It matches amazingly with the adornments. This covering provides the best protection for the details as it prevents corrosion. The set of fittings includes a traditional elegant buckle and reliable D-ring for attaching a leash. These fittings are easy to use and reliable in service they provide. Add more zest to your dog's look, order this breathtaking leather accessory!


Caregivers play a pivotal role in patient-centred care because they counteract the deficit of professional nurses in many countries. [1, 2, 3] In particular, the number of paid caregivers, who serve as a replacement or supplement for nurses, has been rapidly increasing. [4, 5, 6] Caregivers have taken on the majority of basic care, including making the bed, feeding and bathing the patient, cleaning urine and excrement, and helping with expectoration. In addition, they can administer medication, provide information, facilitate communication and provide emotional support. Although there are strong family traditions and an understood filial responsibility to provide care in China, family members who act as caregivers are limited in the time they can spend caring for patients outside of work. Therefore, caregiver companies have gradually flourished, and they are authorized by hospitals to provide a continuous supply of paid caregivers. Per regulations, paid caregivers are registered with a caregiver company, from which they are hired by patients/relatives for temporarily contracted caregiving work.
Caregivers have been shown to suffer from high caregiving burden and depression; therefore, they are a group of vulnerable people or "invisible patients" who need attention or interventions from medical staff and social workers. [7, 8] However, most previous studies [1, 7, 8] have focused on the caregiving burden of family caregivers for patients who stayed at home and not on the growing population of paid caregivers who work in hospitals. According to published studies in Chinese journals, most paid caregivers are middle-aged women who were previously farmers from a rural area or laid-off workers from a city. [9, 10] Although psychological health and work pressure were investigated in paid caregivers in China, which were related to sleep disturbances, unstable income, and a lack of social respect and support, [11, 12] data are very limited on the caregiving burden in this population, especially by the use of designated inventories. Therefore, to provide information for developing practical interventions, a survey study was conducted to identify the prevalence of caregiving burden and depression symptoms as well as their associated factors from four categories, including general, work, income, and family characteristics.
This was a cross-sectional survey study in a tertiary referral hospital (Chengdu, China) performed with a self-developed questionnaire that is described in the "Instruments" section. Nurses participated in the design, distribution and return of the questionnaire.
Considering that caregiving burden could be affected by the working environment and patients of paid caregivers, the subjects were all paid caregivers who worked in four medical and four surgical wards (i.e., cardiology vs. cardiac surgery, respiratory medicine vs. thoracic surgery, gastrointestinal medicine vs. gastrointestinal surgery, and neurology vs. neurosurgery). The subjects were enrolled if they met the following criteria: (1) agreed to participate and signed the informed consent form and (2) could read and complete the questionnaire. Consequently, 120 of the 124 (96.8%) registered paid caregivers from the aforementioned wards were enrolled; four people did not fulfil the inclusion criteria as they refused to participate.
The questionnaire was written in Chinese and consisted of three parts. In the first part, the baseline characteristics of the study subjects were collected; this included proposed factors associated with the caregiving burden or depression that were categorized into general, work, income, and family information. General information included the age, gender, education, and marital status. Work information included the ward in which they worked, number of years as a paid caregiver, and number of vacation days per month. For the income information, "income satisfaction" was a required field, while "income per month before and after becoming a paid caregiver" was optional. The number of dependents, frequency of meeting his/her own family, and housing status in Chengdu (owned or rental) were categorized as family information.
The second part assessed the caregiving burden by adopting the Chinese version of the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI), which has been validated and shown to be sufficiently reliable in a Chinese population. [13, 14] The CBI has 24 items, and each item is answered on a scale ranging from 0 (not at all disruptive) to 4 (very disruptive). The CBI describes the caregiving burden in 5 different domains (factors): time-dependence (items 1 to 5), developmental (items 6 to 10), physical (items 11 to 14), social (items 15 to 19), and emotional (items 20 to 24) burden. The time-dependence burden is associated with the time restrictions of caregivers. The developmental burden describes the perception of being "taken out" of their development or being excluded from the expectations and opportunities enjoyed by their peers. The physical burden is associated with feelings of chronic fatigue and their own physical health problems. The social burden describes the poor balance between many roles. The emotional burden is associated with negative feelings towards patients and is possibly induced by the unpredictable and bizarre behaviours of the patients. [15, 16] Consequently, the score in the physical burden factor should range from 0 to 16 (only 4 items), and each of the scores in the other factors should range from 0 to 20 (5 items for each factor). The total score of the CBI ranges from 0 to 96, and a higher score indicates a higher caregiving burden. To compare between the 5 aforementioned factors (Fig. 1), the physical burden score was multiplied by 1.25 to give an equivalent score out of 20. .
The third part of the questionnaire assessed the depression symptoms of paid caregivers with the Chinese version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), which has been validated and showed good reliability in a Chinese population. [17, 18, 19] The CES-D includes 20 items that cover affective, cognitive, behavioural, and somatic symptoms associated with depression. The subjects were asked to indicate the frequency of symptoms on the following 4-point scale from 0 (rarely or none of the time) to 3 (most or all of the time). The 4 positively formulated items (items 4, 8, 12, and 16) were recorded in reverse. Therefore, the total score of the CES-D ranged from 0 to 60, and a score of 16 or higher indicates the likely presence of clinically significant depression. [18, 20].
According to the study design, the copies of the questionnaire with inadequate quality were not entered into the final analysis, including those with an incomplete CBI or CES-D section, and a consistent lowest score (i.e. "0" score) or highest score (i.e. "4" score in the CBI section and "3" score in the CES-D section) for each item in either section. This extreme and unchangeable scoring situation was considered to indicate that the participant had not understood the survey or had not seriously considered it.
The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 20.0 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). A Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed to determine whether continuous parameters were normally distributed. T-tests, chi-square tests and Fisher's exact tests were used for univariate analyses. One-way ANOVA was used to test differences among the 5 factors of the CBI. Multiple linear regression was performed to identify factors associated with the CBI and CES-D scores. A Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyse the correlations between the CBI and CES-D scores. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
During the study period, 120 copies of the survey were sent out and returned (100% response rate) by assigned ward nurses. However, several surveys were unsuitable for analysis (12/120, 10%), including nine that had an incomplete CBI or CES-D section and another three that had a consistent "0" score for each item in the CBI section.
Data for the 4 domains are presented in Table 1. All paid caregivers were middle-aged, and most were female. The majority of the subjects achieved an educational level below high school. The number of years that each participant worked as a paid caregiver was categorized into five groups in the questionnaire (i.e., less than 1 year, 1 ~ 3 years, 3 ~ 5 years, 5 ~ 10 years, and more than 10 years); however, 73 (66.7%) paid caregivers worked in this field for more than 10 years.
The total CBI score was normally distributed among the study population with a mean value of 29.7 ± 12.5. There were some differences among the 5 factors of the CBI that were detected by the ANOVA (F (4535) = 194.207, P < 0.001) and post hoc analysis. The time-dependence burden factor had the highest score of 15.3 among the 5 factors; it was significantly higher than those of the remaining factors (all P < 0.001). It was followed by the physical burden score of 6.5, which was significantly higher than the emotional, developmental, and social burden scores (all P < 0.001). The scores of the last 3 factors were similar. (Fig. 1).
The CES-D score of the study participants also had a normal distribution with a mean value of 11.9 ± 8.7. Using the CES-D score ≥ 16 cut-off, depression was found in 28 (25.9%) paid caregivers. Moreover, the CBI score of the depression group (CES-D score ≥ 16) was significantly higher than that of the non-depression group (36.3 ± 14.3 vs. 27.4 ± 11.0, P = 0.001). The CBI score was positively correlated with the CES-D score (r = 0.452, P < 0.001). (Fig. 2).
A multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the factors that were related to higher CBI (Table 2) and CES-D (Table 3) scores. The parameters in Table 1 were all included as covariates in the model, where either the CBI or CES-D score was the dependent variable. Three independent variables were associated with a higher CBI score, which included a longer time as a paid caregiver (P = 0.009), lower income satisfaction (P = 0.001), and more frequent meeting with his/her own family (P = 0.006). (Table 2) Similarly, a lower income satisfaction was found to be associated with a higher CES-D score (P = 0.008). (Table 3).
In this survey, the majority of paid caregivers were married, middle-aged women with a low educational level. They suffered from a high caregiving burden that was related to the amount of time as a caregiver, income satisfaction and frequency of meeting with their own family. The depression rate of this group was higher than that of the general population, but it was lower than that of family caregivers; it was also positively correlated with caregiving burden.
The finding that paid caregivers suffered from a high caregiving burden was corroborated by the findings of previous reports; [21, 22] however, our study included a more diverse population of paid caregivers who worked in a hospital setting rather than a population of paid caregivers who worked for patients with a specific severe disease condition, such as dementia, cancer, and heart failure. Compared with family caregivers, paid caregivers showed a similar [23, 24] or higher [25, 26] CBI score.
The hired caregivers usually worked around the clock, except for short breaks at lunch and dinner or when the patients' relatives came to visit. In particular, they always had to do everything by themselves at night, sleeping next to their patients in portable camping beds and observing the needs and movements of the patients; such sleep interruptions were frequent, inevitable and unpredictable. Although they could take a few vacation days per month, usually after fulfilling an existing contract and before starting a new one, they preferred not to do so because they were paid per working day. Therefore, this prolonged period of caregiving explains why the time-dependence burden was the most prominent among the 5 factors of the CBI; this finding was also observed in family caregivers. [16, 27, 28] Therefore, interventions to tackle this time-dependence burden could be suggested, e.g., caregiver companies could enforce a change from the current 24-h, 7-day working schedule to a better arrangement with day and night shifts. In addition, chronic sleep disturbances, tedious caregiving work and contact with infectious patients result in concerns about their own physical health,  which was the second most prominent burden among paid caregivers. This was different from that observed in family caregivers, who were more affected by a developmental burden than physical burden. [27, 29].
Previous studies showed that the risk factors for caregiving burden included female gender,  a low education, [31, 32] sleep deprivation, financial stress,  depression,  social isolation,  and time restrictions . Because the paid caregivers in the current study worked on a 24-h schedule, we gathered the number of years they spent as paid caregivers rather than the number of hours per day spent performing their job and found the former to be associated with the CBI score. This association might be attributed to the self-perceived long-term time restrictions and deteriorating physical health of the paid caregivers. As previously reported, financial stress was a risk factor for caregiving burden , and poor payment for paid caregivers was a common issue. [37, 38] In China, most tertiary referral hospitals (as the study site) provide high-quality, specialized medical health care services to a number of districts that are located in urban areas; however, these areas also have the largest demand for paid caregivers.  In contrast, most paid caregivers are from the countryside and have moved to a city for a better living. Not surprisingly, lower income satisfaction was significantly associated with a higher caregiving burden, indicating a conflict among their actual payment, self-expectations and financial circumstances. However, this conflict cannot be resolved only by raising their salaries. It is possible that organized lectures and regular meetings could identify what paid caregivers need and think. More interestingly, it was observed in the study that paid caregivers who met with their own families more frequently had a higher CBI score. This phenomenon has not been previously identified, and its cause remains unexplored in the current study.
Using the CES-D score ≥ 16 cut-off, we found that the prevalence of depression among paid caregivers reached 25.9%; this was higher than that of the general population in China, which was reported to be between 5.9% and 12.4%. [40, 41] However, other studies showed that more than 50% of family caregivers were at risk of depression according to the same CES-D score cut-off. [42, 43] This difference in the prevalence of depression might be explained by the "nature" of the caregiving work performed by paid caregivers compared to family caregivers. Paid caregivers usually consider the caregiving work as a job from which they are paid for their countable time and effort, while family caregivers treat it as a serious responsibility in which their emotions, time and money are involved. It is also possible that family caregivers are less likely to be gainfully employed. Consistent with previous studies on family caregivers [44, 45], our study showed that the caregiving burden of paid caregivers was positively correlated with depression symptoms.
The major limitations of this study include its cross-sectional nature and the absence of health consequence data, i.e. the result of coupling between the caregiving burden and the physical/emotional health of paid caregivers. Although some practical interventions to reduce the caregiving burden could be developed based on the results of the current study, their impact on the professional health of paid caregivers remains unclear. The relatively small sample size is another limitation.
Caregiving burden is high in paid caregivers of hospitalized patients in China, most of whom are middle-aged women from rural areas. It is associated with a prolonged working time, low income satisfaction and unexplained impact from their own families. In addition, the caregiver burden and depression are correlated, which is more prevalent in paid caregivers than in the general population.
We appreciate Professor Rui Zhang (Department of Medical Administration, National Health and Family Planning Commission, P.R.C.) for providing us with the validated Chinese version of the CBI.
No funding supported this study.
MXH designed this study and wrote the study protocol. LYD conducted the study and drafted the manuscript. YGY designed the questionnaire. WYL and LZ helped to finalize the questionnaire and recruited the paid caregivers in each ward. HL and XY were responsible for giving out and receiving the questionnaires, organizing the data, and performing the literature review. ZQ was responsible for performing the statistical analysis and revising the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
The current study was an observational study that was approved by the ethics committee of the West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Written informed consent was obtained from each study participant.


Creator: Screven, Thomas Edward, 1796-1866.
Thomas Edward Screven (1796-1866) of Grahamville, Beaufort County, South Carolina, was a physician and a planter.
This collection consists of a bond for debt, binding George and M.L. Allen to Dr. Thomas E. Screven, Committee of John Dupont, "idiot" (a contemporary term for mental illness). The bond is dated 1856 and is receipted as paid in full by Thomas E. Screven in 1859.
[item identification], Thomas Edward Screven bond, MS 717, Georgia Historical Society, Savannah, Georgia.
Receipted as paid in full by Thomas E. Screven, April 1, 1859.


Charlotte, N.C. – April 9, 2014 – Sunlast Metal Inc., one of Florida's premier metal roofing manufacturers, has endorsed Huber Engineered Woods LLC, leading manufacturer of innovative building solutions.
Sunlast Metal has certified that its metal roofing products may be installed over ZIP System® sheathing for maximum protection against moisture and air leakage. When installed in accordance with Sunlast Metal's and ZIP System sheathing's installation instructions, the two products provide added structural durability, superior moisture resistance and energy efficiency.
ZIP System sheathing is a one-of-a-kind roof and wall system with a built-in energy-efficient barrier that keeps moisture out and reduces air leakage, while still allowing panels to properly dry.
If Sunlast Metal roof panels and ZIP System sheathing are installed in accordance with installation instructions and comply with local, county and state building codes, Sunlast Metal warranties will apply.
For more information about ZIP System, visit www.zipsystem.com. For more information about Sunlast Metal, visit www.sunlastmetal.com.


On a scale from 0-10, how likely are you to recommend Christine Hemphill to a friend?
Every appointment with her [Dr. Christine Hemphill] is beyond throrough. She is the perfect mix of encouraging and realistic. For my husband and me personally, the factor of her faith and the faith-based clinic is a huge plus. She was the first person to identify the serious irregularity of my hormones.... I just had my first diagnostic procedure with her last week and have a second one schedule 2 1/2 weeks from now to remove scar tissue and endometriosis, which she feels was the reason for my failed pregnancy.


Like many other EU countries, Poland offers inexpensive or even free tuition to EU students. Prospective students should apply directly to their chosen Polish institution. The University of Warsaw, for example, charges between £1,300 and £2,500 per year for its English language courses.
Gdansk city is located on the Baltic coast and is the center of the metropolitan area. With its 3 universities and 11 high schools students can enroll themselves in several courses of science and technology. The universities offer high standard education in a healthy environment.
IT Project Management students learn about the newest trends and how to create flexible project teams that will adjust the organization to the changing requirements of customers in a fast and efficient manner.
Transferring latest knowledge and skills that are indispensable in the execution of tasks presented for the project team, the studies prepare the students to work as IT team managers in the international environment.