text:
TIE PIRATE.
BY THE AUTILOR OF WAVERLEY.
We trust that we are not deficient in gratitude to the great Scottish novelist for the abundant delight which he ministers to us, even in the lowest of his works ; but we cannot quite join in the shout of boundless exultation, nor subscribe to all the tremendous eulogies, with which some of our contemporaries hail every production of his genius. With some of these it is the mere cant of criticism to suggest that there is any falling off
, or any repetition in his works, and it is an audacious heresy to "hint a fault or hesitate dislike" respecting any of his creations. We are more reasonable, we frankly confess, in our idolatry: though we admire " The Pirate" it is " with a difference;" nor are we quite convinced that if none of its predecessors had appeared, it would excite exactly the same sensation which was produced by" Waverley."
Without resorting to the ordinary and shallow theory, that the powers of observation and invention in an original writer are necessarily exhausted by frequent publication, we may, we think, easily perceive why his works should alter for the worse as he proceeds in a rapid career. His first love of the employment grows naturally cold, or degenerates into a mere craving after the excitements of applause, or a desire for the more solid rewards of his labours. His own peculiar feeling—the " primal sympathy" with his works—wears out as his tact of authorship advances. He writes not to indulge his genius, but to please his booksellers, and to satisfy the expectations of the public. This new inspiration excites him to a different course, and produces more stiffness, more constraint, and more nicely-balanced incident and character, than would be found in the voluntary pouring forth of a free and exuberant mind gliding at" its own sweet will" through the fair regions of imagination and of humanity which it has chosen.
The peculiar excellences of our author-his power of conceiving and delineating character--his command of descriptive allusion-and the " mighty magic" of his commune with the wild superstitions of the North—are not of casts likely to endure, through successive works, in their original vigour. In characteristic delineations, the very recollection of previous success is unfavourable to continued excellence. As the author becomes conscious of bis own skill, he unavoidably infuses something of a kindred consciousness into the persons whom he draws. They have less of truth and unaffected nature, and more theatrical pretension, than those which were hit off in the first moments of his inspiration. They become, though it may sound paradoxical, too consistent; that is, they are too perpetually intent on their own peculiarities, and these are obtruded on the notice of the reader far more frequently than are the most characteristic traits of any whom we meet with in actual life. There is also an evident design to fill up and heighten previous sketches; to add the pomp of circumstance to figures which are only encumbered by the apparel, and to push every bint, which has once succeeded, to a dangerous extreme. That which before was made visible by a single glowing flash, is now brought out " into the light of common day," and we are invited minutely to examine and admire its proportions. As there is more stiffness in individual figures, so there is an elaborate art in the grouping, which destroys the effect of the picture. Each finely elaborated creation revolves in its own separate orbit
instead of joining in the mazy round in linked union. The creatures do not come tumbling into life, fresh from the teeming brain, in glorious confusion, but are coldly arranged in picturesque attitudes. Instead of the perpetual undulation of thought, the gay variety of healthful forms, the perpetual melting of things into each other, all is carefully distinguished and contrasted. We feel no more the careless plenitude, we revel no more in the unbounded prodigality of genius; we have leisure to admire the author, instead of luxuriating delighted in his creations.
The charm also which the Scotch novels derived from allusions to external nature, was peculiarly liable to be dissipated and weakened in their progress. This charm consisted not in the exquisite pictures of extended scenery-not even in the vivid description of particular objects -but in the familiar allusion to the beauties of Nature and to the feelings which they excited, copiously scattered through the busiest and most eventful portions of the history. Mere naked description is comparatively an inferior art, and scarcely ever produces very intense or elevated sensations; but nothing can be more delicious than to feel the influences of the quiet earth and heaven mingling with and tempering more passionate emotions. But as the author proceeds, as he learns more distinctly his own faculties, and as every object in his works assumes more of separate identity, he will naturally elaborate his descriptions as descriptions, and can scarcely recur, even if he would, to the bright throng of intermingled hints, traits, and images, which he poured out from the mere impulse of delighted power.
The supernatural touches of our author would still less bear to be frequently repeated. Nothing, indeed, can more decidedly shew the influence of composition re-acting on the mind of an author, than the circumstance that setting out with a manifest tendency to superstition and an eager love of the marvellous, he has, in the end of this his last work, disappointed all the strange fears which he has excited in its progress, and made his awe-stirring character finally sensible of the vanity of her own pretensions! The undefined feeling of delicious terror—the longing to find in unusual phenomena indications of something more than mortal, will soon wear out in the mind which sets down its sensations in a note-book, and thinks how they can be most artfully disposed to awaken interest in the public. It is very curious and edifying to observe the progress of this alteration in the mind of the author of Waverley. At first his supernatural terrors were interwoven with the very threads of existence. He infused his own spirit into the blood of his enchanted readers. In his works, dim intimations found answering realities; enthusiasm verged on inspiration; and the dreams of fond credulity were scarcely distinguishable from the solemnities of death and life. But his genuine sense of the mysterious soon decayed when it became food for common wonder ; and instead of the marvels told, as it were, under the breath-instead of the fine uncertainty in which we were so tremulously bewildered, we had prodigies which no one could believe for a moment-second-sight clearly developed-visions" plenty as blackberries"-witches in immediate communication with the evil one- and prophecies fulfilled to the letter. But even the power which sustained these cold fantasies has decayed ; and in" The Pirate" our wonder is excited only to be destroyed by those most barbarous expedients of Mrs. Radeliffe-a knowledge of the weather, promptitude of movement, and an exemplary acquaintance with trapdoors and secret passages!
The work which has prompted these observations has all the merits and defects incidental to a late production of an original writer. It is full of accurate descriptions and well-defined and strikingly-arranged characters, but betrays throughout a consciousness of the peculiar talents which have called it into being. Its plot, though not very satisfactory, has more interest than that of many of its author's romances. We will not attempt to give any analysis of its incidents, which would only fatigue the multitude who have read it, and diminish the curiosity of the few who have still to read it. It is not certainly calculated to satisfy the expectations which its title and motto have excited. When we saw prefixed to it the lines " Nothing in him but doth suffer a seachange," we thought that its author was ahout to subdue to his dominion the world of waters—to give a new life to all the appearances of sea and sky-to lull us into delicious dreams on summer seas——to agitate us by hurricanes and shipwrecks—to make us familiar with all the wild superstitions which chill the blood of the long-expectant mariner—to send into the heart the very feeling of sea-dreariness-to give us sea weed and coral for our playthings, and the monsters of the deep for companions. But there is nothing of all this: throughout the three volumes we are never once out of sight of shore. Nor do we find any of those wild darings, those desperate exploits
of the freebooters of the ocean, which we anticipated from its name. The pirate Cleveland is a flinching sentimental person, who does only one thing for which he deserves to be hanged,—when he draws a knife and stabs an unarmed man who is struggling fairly with him—which is not a very heroic crime. All the preparation made for some extraordinary disclosure respecting him ends in nothing. We are led to expect some glowing passion nurtured in the spicy groves of tropical islands—some strange intermingling of bravery, luxury, and crime; but he is merely commonplace, faint-hearted, and repenting.
The love of Minna, the lofty sentimentalist, towards the anomalous Cleveland, is elaborately defended by the author on the principle of contraries. This theory does not shine in the argument, and is falsified by the result of the story. Cleveland's spirit does not " shine through him" so as to justify the damsel's passion; nor does the discovery of the particulars of his trade seem sufficient to account for her refusal to share his distresses. She loves him as a pirate ; but she has some fine notions of pirates as sea kings, and cannot endure to find them only tolerable, but erring mortals. If the theory were true—if it were natural for the most delicate maidens to be fascinated by outlaws, it would be natural for them to cleave to these objects of their love more strongly in danger, not to forsake them at their utmost need. The pictures of Minna, and her livelier sister Brenda, are drawn with a skill which enables us in our mind's eye to see their diversified loveliness ; in the earlier part of his career our author would have been contented if we felt it. There are one or two scenes between the sisters of exqınsite tenderness, most delicately and beautifully touched, where the alienations which love produces between those who have had but one heart from their childhood, are pourtrayed with the finest feeling and truth.
Magnus Troil, their father, the jovial, stout-hearted Udaller, is excellent in his way ; a perfect pillar of the olden time. The lover of Brenda, Mordaunt Mertoun, is a fine spirited lad, in the opening of the romance; gay, buoyant, full of life and joy; but he subsides into a mere machine towards its close. Triptolemus Yellowley, the classical and speculative farmer, is a mere patchwork part, like some of the characters made up of all oddities and inconsistencies, in the plays of Morton and Reynolds, a sort of lifeless curiosity not worth inspecting. Claud Halcro, the rhymer, who lives upon one glimpse of the "glorious John Dryden," with his prattle about Russell-street, Covent-garden, is as much out of place amidst pirates and savages as the figure of a courtier in full dress on the wings of cherubim. But the great attempt and failure of the whole is the part of Norna of the Fitful head, who is evidently intended for a sublimated Meg Merrilies. She is unquestionably, in some respects, better furnished with appliances and means; instead of being a wandering gipsy queen, without father, mother, or descent, she is confessedly allied to a noble family; instead of trusting wholly to her enchantments, or to her loftier human energies, she has a large income, which she spends in procuring the appearance of wonders; and, instead of roaming alone over hill and valley, she has a hideous dwarf to do her bidding. But her life has no " magic in the web of it." She has not one old affection 'sustaining an exhausted heart--no terrific energies—no deep, lone commune with nature, by which she has learned its mysteries. Her maternal instinct is a cheat, her prophetic power a delusion; she awakes to the melancholy conseiousness that her whole life has been a lie, and becomes soberly sad at last. This is for an author to turn the tables on those whose blood he has made curdle, and whose hair he has made stand on end at these worn-out superstitions with a vengeance !
The work abounds in descriptions of great excellence; but, for the most part, they are little animated with breathing life. There is, indeed, one picture of a whale-fishing, which is an exception to this remark; and reminds us of the most vivid and mighty delineations of our author. We can only make room for its close.
" Magnus Troil, who had only jested with the factor, and had reserved the launching the first spear against the whale to some much more skilful hand, had just time to exclaim, Mind yourselves, lads, or we are all swamped,' when the monster, roused at once from inactivity by the blow of the factor's missile, blew, with a noise resembling the explosion of a steam-engine, a huge shower of water into the air, and at the same time began to lash the waves with its tail in every direction. The boat in which Magnus presided received the shower of brine which the animal spouted into the air; and the adventurous Triptolemus, who had a full share of the immersion, was so much astonished and terrified by the consequences of his own valorous deed, that he tumbled backwards amongst the feet of the people, who, too busy to attend to bim, were actively engaged in getting the boat into shoal water, out of the whale's reach. Here he lay for some minutes, trampled on by the feet of the boatmen, until they lay on their oars to bale, when the Udaller ordered them to pull to shore, and land this spare hand, who had commenced the fishing so inauspiciously.
" While this was doing, the other boats had also pulled off to safer distance, and now, from these as well as from the shore, the unfortunate native of the deep was overwhelmed by all kinds of missiles— harpoons and spears flew against him on all sides—guns were fired, and each various means of annoyance plied which could excite him to exhaust his strength in useless rage. When the animal found that he was locked in by shallows on all sides, and became sensible, at the same time, of the strain of the cable on his body, the convulsive efforts which he made to escape, acconipanied with sounds resembling deep and loud groans, would have moved the compassion of all but a practised whale-fisher. The repeated showers which he spouted into the air began now to be mingled with blood, and the waves which surrounded hiin assumed the same crinison appearance. Meantime the attempts of the assailants were redoubled ; but Mordaunt Mertoun and Cleveland, in particular, exerted themselves to the uttermost, contending, who should display most courage in approaching the monster, so tremendous in its agonies, and should inflict the most deep and deadly wound upon its huge bulk.
" The contest seemed at last pretty well over : for although the animal continued from time to time to make frantic exertions for liberty, yet its strength appeared so much exhausted, that, even with assistance of the tide, which had now risen considerably, it was thought it could scarce extricate itself.
" Magnus gave the signal to venture upon the whale more nearly, calling out at the same time, Člose in, lads, she is not half so mad now—Now, Mr. Factor, look for a winter's oil for the two lamps at Harfra—Pull close in, lads.'
" Ere his orders could be obeyed, the other two boats had anticipated his purpose
and Mordaunt Mertoun, eager to distinguish himself above Cleveland, had, with the whole strength he possessed, plunged a half-pike into the body of the animal. But the leviathan, like a nation whose resources appear totally exhausted by previous losses and calamities, collected his whole remaining force for an effort, which proved at once desperate and successful. The wound last received, had probably reached through his external defences of blubber, and attained some very sensitive part of the system, for he roared aloud, as he sent to the sky a mingled sheet of brine and blood, and snapping the strong cable like a twig, overset Mertoun's boat with a blow of his tail, shot himself by a mighty effort, over the bar, upon which the tide had now risen considerably, and made out to sea, carrying with him a whole grove of the implements which had been planted in his body, and leaving behind him, on the waters, a dark red trace of his course."
After all,"The Pirate" contains much matter, for which we are thankful. It is good enough to please us if not to reflect honour on its author. Let him then write on ; he will never equal his first works ; but these have rendered it impossible that he should ever be written down--even by his own pen.
SONNET.
Look where she sits in languid loveliness!
Her feet up-gather'd, and her turban'd brow
Bent o'er her hand, her robe in ample flow
Disparted. Look! in attitude and dress
She sits and seems an Eastern Sultaness !
And music is around her, and the glow
Of young fair faces, and sweet voices go
Forth at her call, and all about her press.
But Sultana she! as in a book
In that fine form and lovely brow we trace
Divinest purity, and the bright look
Of Genius. Much is she inmind and face
Like the fair blossom of some woodland nook,
The wind-flower delicate and full of grace.


text:
Q: An already created maven project : where to find its artifactId and groupId I have a ready maven project and i want to know its artifactId and groupId
Have you any idea how to do it?
Thank you in advace

A: It is in the pom.xml in the root directory of your project, near the top of the file:
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>HERE</groupId>
<artifactId>AND HERE</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0</version>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


A new page-turner book is out. It's about Dr. Mona, a pediatrician, who – with the help of her friends – got state officials to admit there was a lead-in-the-water problem in Flint, Michigan in 2015.
"What the Eyes Don't See: A Story of Crisis, Resistance, and Hope in an American City" is Dr. Mona Hanna-Attisha's life story. It is gripping. It is one of the many stories that need to be told about the Flint Water Crisis.
"The eyes don't see what the mind doesn't know," is a quote Dr. Mona uses. She is both a doctor and a teacher of medical students. In her teacher role, she stresses the importance of a knowledge of science, history, racism, and class oppression – in order to understand the world around you. Dr. Mona put that philosophy into practice. The moment she learned that authorities were lying about the water being safe in Flint, Michigan, she knew she had to act.
The story of her fight to expose the truth is part scientific detective story and part organizing handbook. The book makes it clear that a losing fight – the fight in Washington, D.C. against lead poisoning of water in the early 2000's – helped lay the foundation for success at exposing the truth in Flint. It also shows that ordinary people were amazing in their strategies to prove Flint had a water crisis and that immediate action was needed.
Dr. Mona also explains that a tradition of working class fight began in 1937 in Flint with the Flint Sit-Down Strike. Habits of resistance from then continue to today. Dr. Mona's hope is that being organized today will wrench enough money out of greedy hands so Flint's children who were hurt by the water can be supported and build resilience. It is a very interesting book to read.


NEW YORK - U.S. multinational companies are starting to reevaluate their currency hedging strategies after a surge in the dollar in recent months, as the impact of the stronger greenback starts to show up in second-quarter corporate earnings.
A stronger dollar claimed Netflix Inc as its first victim of the earnings season on Monday. The company, which does not hedge its revenue with derivatives, said foreign exchange rates pushed its expectations on the 2018 operating margin to near the lower end of its target range.
"This will be another wake-up call," said Wolfgang Koester, chief executive at currency risk consulting firm FiREapps, in Scottsdale, Arizona. "There are still a lot of companies that don't manage this well enough."
The dollar gained more than 5 percent against major trading partners' currencies in the second quarter, supported by rising trade war tensions and a hawkish Federal Reserve.
The dollar index, which at the start of the second quarter had been down about 11 percent year-over-year, rose to finish the quarter nearly flat on a year-over-year basis.
The dollar's rise has emerged as a surprise risk at the start of what is otherwise expected to be a robust U.S. corporate earnings season. Foreign currency earnings of U.S. multinational companies are worth less in dollars when the currency is stronger.
"Our volume of hedging activities increased from clients from April or May until now," said Kuniyuki Hirai, head of foreign exchange trading for MUFG in New York.
The dollar's recent strength is a sharp departure from its weakening trend in 2017, when it delivered a boost to large U.S. companies and may have made managing currency risks less of a priority.
Some analysts expect a rise in trade protectionism to boost the greenback in the near term, which could mean more companies are likely to cite the stronger dollar for future earnings weakness.
Bryan Morales, a director in Citizens Bank's global markets group, said there had been some pickup in hedging demand recently, with the Federal Reserve hiking rates. Interest rate differences between countries drive hedging costs, and as the Fed raises interest rates it can become more attractive to hedge.
"It's provided more opportunity for clients hesitant about hedging to take advantage of a premium," Morales said.
That approach is favored by an increasing number of companies.
Bob Doll, senior portfolio manager and chief equity strategist at Nuveen Asset Management, in Princeton, New Jersey, said natural hedging is being relied on "more and more" by companies, "particularly as they become more global and have so many currency relationships."
But there are limits to the strategy. "It's rare in these industries that you can have a full natural hedge position," said Amo Sahota, director at Klarity FX in San Francisco. "We expect to see the market start to return to more traditional long-term hedging programs."
Bank of America Merrill Lynch estimates that a sustained 10 percent appreciation in the dollar against the euro results in a reduction in S&P 500 earnings per share of 3 to 4 percent.
"Right now there are a number of companies out there which are still reporting the positive impact of currency valuations from the 2017 dollar weakness," Sahota said. "But that's quickly going to turn around as they start to get the impact from the first half of 2018."
For the second quarter, year-over-year profit growth for all S&P 500 companies is estimated at 21.4 percent, according to Thomson Reuters data. That follows earnings growth of 26.6 percent in the first quarter.


Property management companies oversee and manages hundreds and thousands of individual properties and need to protect, tenants, their assets, employees, maintenance staff, and the properties themselves. S3 Integration provides integrated security management systems, life safety systems, and IT solutions and services to our property management clients. Our packages can include video surveillance, access control systems, fire alarm systems, remote managed services, cloud based security systems, and more.
We have the capabilities and resources to support your properties in the Maryland, Virginia, Washington, D.C. and North Carolina area, as well as nationally and internationally through our national PSA affiliation. Call us today!


These days more seniors are deciding to enjoy staying in their homes instead of moving into a nursing or assisted living facility. However, as these seniors become older, they realize that they have more difficulties trying to execute simple activities that are a part of their daily schedule. When this occurs, seniors are able to hire professional elderly care services. The care givers are trained to provide full time or part time care for elderly clients.
Companies that provide this type of care help to make life much easier and more comfortable for their clients. By having a companion service available for elderly relatives, adult children will be at ease knowing that their loved ones are being properly cared for. The assistance that these caregivers provide allows seniors to live their lives to the fullest. Seniors are also able to remain in their homes.
Aging is a part of life that is inevitable. As a person grows older, their reduced memory and mobility affects their ability to complete their activities of daily living.
The good news is that when you hire a trustworthy caregiver for elderly care services, your mind will be at ease when you choose a customizable in home care plan that will best suit your loved one's needs. Contact a private care referral service company today.


text:
Britanska vzhodnoindijska družba (British East India Company; tudi English East India Company, East India Company, John Company) je bila ena prvih delniških družb. 31. decembra 1600 je družba od kraljice Elizabete I. dobila neomejena pooblastila za celotno trgovino z Indijo, pa tudi za območje celotne Jugovzhodne Azije ter Vzhodne Azije (predvsem Kitajske).

Britanska vzhodnoindijska družba je trgovala večinoma z bombažem, svilo, indigo barvo, solitrom, čajem in opijem. Prav tako je bila lastnica velikih posestev v Indiji, imela na razpolago veliko lastno vojaško silo, ki jo je izkoriščala pri uveljavljanju svojih trgovskih interesov. Njena oblast v Indiji je trajala vse do leta 1858, ko se je britanska krona zaradi dogodkov med indijsko vstajo leta 1857 odločila za direktno administrativno upravo Indije. Družba je razpadla leta 1874, po dekretu indijske vlade.

Zgodovina Indije
Podjetja Združenega kraljestva
Ukinitve leta 1858

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


It is often said that, either find a way or make one for yourself. In the digital era, to make yourself distinct and unsurpassed, it is important to make people read what you write. Undoubtedly, it seems to be difficult in the world full of noise, but yes, to achieve something higher, you need to move one step ahead of others.
No doubt, it is the 'great content', for which the readers yearns the most, but you cannot deny from the fact that it is the 'appealing title', which brings them there.
"On average, 8 out of 10 people will read headline copy, but only 2 out of 10 will read the rest." ~ Copy blogger.
Therefore, to make your content stand out in your niche, you need to begin it with a super catchy headline. Let's find out some tricks to do that.
Visit a nearby book store, scan for some popular magazines. Start with the front-page article headlines. The subject of the magazine hardly matters; it can be a weekly fashion book or a fitness magazine, all use numerals to start off the headline. Thus, numbers catch people's attention significantly. Use them!
You wish to grab the attention of the reader, therefore, you cannot miss these captivating adjective in your headlines: Effortless, Incredible, Essential, Unique, Elegant, Free, Absolute, and many more. Along this, to make your title unique, use the adjectives that aren't used as frequently in other blog posts.
The curiosity starts with a question. And, if you want your readers to be eager, start it with a question! A title beginning with 'what, why, how, or when', are perfect to invite the readers to your content. It will not be wrong calling them the 'trigger' words. But, make sure you use either a tickling word or a number. Both will not be able to create the magic you desire for.
The readers are looking for something highly valuable. It is your sole liability to make that silent promise that they will get what they want. This will vary according to the audience and theme of your write up. The headline should commit them delivery of solution, knowledge and satisfaction, altogether.
Remember, there is no direct formula to create headlines that will grab the people's attention the most. Keep it in the natural flow, maintaining the importance, truth and value of your every story!
Six Ingredients That Make Great ContentPlay safe with 'Doorway Page Penalty Algorithm': 5 precautions you cannot miss!


text:
BSR Surf Resort reopens with transparent water and new waves
March 21, 2019 | Surfing
The BSR Surf Resort officially reopens to the public on March 22.
Nearly six months after voluntarily closing its doors, the surf pool powered by American Wave Machines is back in business at Waco, Texas.
Hailed as one of the best artificial wave pool concepts ever created, the BSR Surf Resort made its public debut in early June 2018 and was a hit within the surfing community.
Everyone who surfed it said they had the closest experience possible to riding an ocean wave in an inland environment.
However, the wave pool was forced to close its doors in October after a 29-year-old surfer died a few days after visiting the BSR Surf Resort.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found evidence of Naegleria fowleri - brain-eating amoeba - at the BSR Cable Park.
The owner immediately closed the wave even though the deadly amoeba was not detected at the Surf Resort, Lazy River, or Royal Flush, three of the structure's five water bodies.
State-of-the-Art Water Quality
In the last months, the management team invested $1.5 million in a new state-of-the-art filtration system that promises to deliver transparent water all year round.
BSR Surf Resort's second life comes with a new wave riding experience. It is called "Freak Peak," a powerful wedge that will keep advanced surfers entertained for hours.
American Wave Machines has also taken time to fine-tune Perfect Swell, the software that interacts with the hardware to produce waves.
Now, there are up to 40 different types of waves that can be pumped into the pool.
Surf Stadium Japan to open before Tokyo 2020
Kelly Slater dissects his life and career on the Olympic Channel
Swiss Alps will get a wave pool by Wavegarden
New Jersey mall debuts indoor wave pool by PerfectSwell
The Wave: Bristol is officially open

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
{-# LANGUAGE LambdaCase #-}

module Refact
    ( substVars
    , toRefactSrcSpan
    , toSS, toSSA, toSSAnc
    , checkRefactor, refactorPath, runRefactoring
    ) where

import Control.Exception.Extra
import Control.Monad
import Data.Maybe
import Data.Version.Extra
import GHC.LanguageExtensions.Type
import System.Console.CmdArgs.Verbosity
import System.Directory.Extra
import System.Exit
import System.IO.Extra
import System.Process.Extra
import qualified Refact.Types as R

import qualified GHC.Types.SrcLoc as GHC
import qualified GHC.Parser.Annotation as GHC

import GHC.Util.SrcLoc (getAncLoc)

substVars :: [String]
substVars = [letter : number | number <- "" : map show [0..], letter <- ['a'..'z']]

toRefactSrcSpan :: GHC.SrcSpan -> R.SrcSpan
toRefactSrcSpan = \case
    GHC.RealSrcSpan span _ ->
        R.SrcSpan (GHC.srcSpanStartLine span)
                  (GHC.srcSpanStartCol span)
                  (GHC.srcSpanEndLine span)
                  (GHC.srcSpanEndCol span)
    GHC.UnhelpfulSpan _ ->
        R.SrcSpan (-1) (-1) (-1) (-1)

-- | Don't crash in case ghc gives us a \"fake\" span,
-- opting instead to show @-1 -1 -1 -1@ coordinates.
toSS :: GHC.Located a -> R.SrcSpan
toSS = toRefactSrcSpan . GHC.getLoc

toSSA :: GHC.GenLocated (GHC.SrcSpanAnn' a) e -> R.SrcSpan
toSSA = toRefactSrcSpan . GHC.getLocA

toSSAnc :: GHC.GenLocated GHC.Anchor e -> R.SrcSpan
toSSAnc = toRefactSrcSpan . getAncLoc

checkRefactor :: Maybe FilePath -> IO FilePath
checkRefactor = refactorPath >=> either errorIO pure

refactorPath :: Maybe FilePath -> IO (Either String FilePath)
refactorPath rpath = do
    let excPath = fromMaybe "refactor" rpath
    mexc <- findExecutable excPath
    case mexc of
        Just exc -> do
            ver <- readVersion . tail <$> readProcess exc ["--version"] ""
            pure $ if ver >= minRefactorVersion
                       then Right exc
                       else Left $ "Your version of refactor is too old, please install apply-refact "
                                ++ showVersion minRefactorVersion
                                ++ " or later. Apply-refact can be installed from Cabal or Stack."
        Nothing -> pure $ Left $ unlines
                       [ "Could not find 'refactor' executable"
                       , "Tried to find '" ++ excPath ++ "' on the PATH"
                       , "'refactor' is provided by the 'apply-refact' package and has to be installed"
                       , "<https://github.com/mpickering/apply-refact>"
                       ]

runRefactoring :: FilePath -> FilePath -> FilePath -> [Extension] -> [Extension] -> String -> IO ExitCode
runRefactoring rpath fin hints enabled disabled opts =  do
    let args = [fin, "-v0"] ++ words opts ++ ["--refact-file", hints]
          ++ [arg | e <- enabled, arg <- ["-X", show e]]
          ++ [arg | e <- disabled, arg <- ["-X", "No" ++ show e]]
    whenLoud $ putStrLn $ "Running refactor: " ++ showCommandForUser rpath args
    (_, _, _, phand) <- createProcess $ proc rpath args
    try $ hSetBuffering stdin LineBuffering :: IO (Either IOException ())
    hSetBuffering stdout LineBuffering
    -- Propagate the exit code from the spawn process
    waitForProcess phand

minRefactorVersion :: Version
minRefactorVersion = makeVersion [0,9,1,0]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Why is resource id different at runtime than in editor? Using Android Studio 4.1
I have a layout with a toolbar.  I refer to the toolbar resource id in Java as R.id.mytoolbar for example.  In the Java editor, when I hover over the R.id.mytoolbar reference, the popup displays something like:
public static final int mytoolbar = 1000067
I am wondering what that means, particularly the value 1000067.  At runtime, the value of R.id.mytoolbar is a different integer, in particular: 2131296664 (hex 7f090198).


The Angels Camp record. (Angels Camp, Calaveras County, Calif.) 1905-19??
Big trees sentinel. (White Pines, Cal.) 1970-19??
The Calaveras advertiser. (San Andreas, Calaveras County, Calif.) 1879-1???
The Calaveras Democrat. (Angels, Calaveras Co., Cal.) 1890-1???
The Calaveras inquirer. (San Andreas, Calif.) 1966-19??
Calaveras mountaineer. (Angels [Angels Camp], Calaveras County, Calif.) 1872-1???
Calaveras weekly times. (San Andreas, Calif.) 1863-1???
The Copperopolis courier. (Copperopolis, Calaveras County, Calif.) 1865-1???
The County record. (Angels [Angels Camp], Calaveras County, Calif.) 1887-1???
The Foothill Democrat. (San Andreas, Calaveras County [Calif.]) 187?-18??
Mark Twain times. (Angels Camp, Calif.) 1963-19??
The mountain echo. (Angels Camp, Calaveras County, Cal.) 18??-1???
The mountain news. (San Andreas, Calaveras Co., Cal.) 1867-1???
The Republican. (Big Trees, Calaveras County, Calif.) 1891-1???
Sierra sentinel. (Arnold, Calif.) 19??-19??
The weekly Calaveras enterprise. (San Andreas, CA.) 19??-19??


text:
Q: Custom Rendering in Bing Silverlight Control I'm ramping up on a Silverlight 2 project that leverages the Bing Maps control. One thing our UX guys are wondering is whether it is possible to customize the look of the map completely. For example, draw countries as simple outlines with different color interiors. Or draw the ocean as white and countries as black dotted shapes.
Does anyone know whether it is possible to achieve this level of customization? The MapMode class looked promising, but it doesn't seem to quite give me what I need.
Thanks,
Kent

A: To answer my own question, yes this is possible.
Firstly, add your own layer with a custom tile source:
<m:Map>
    <m:Map.Mode>
        <mCore:MercatorMode/>
    </m:Map.Mode>
    <m:Map.Children>
        <m:MapTileLayer>
            <m:MapTileLayer.TileSources>
                <local:CustomTileSource/>
            </m:MapTileLayer.TileSources>
        </m:MapTileLayer>
    </m:Map.Children>
</m:Map>

Next, define the CustomTileSource. Here is an example:
public class CustomTileSource : TileSource
{
    public CustomTileSource()
        : base(GetAbsoluteUrl("/ClientBin/Resources/{0}.png"))
    {
    }

    public override Uri GetUri(int x, int y, int zoomLevel)
    {
        var quadKey = new QuadKey(x, y, zoomLevel);
        return new Uri(String.Format(this.UriFormat, quadKey.Key));
    }

    public static string GetAbsoluteUrl(string strRelativePath)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(strRelativePath))
            return strRelativePath;

        string strFullUrl;
        if (strRelativePath.StartsWith("http:", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
          || strRelativePath.StartsWith("https:", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
          || strRelativePath.StartsWith("file:", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
          )
        {
            //already absolute
            strFullUrl = strRelativePath;
        }
        else
        {
            //relative, need to convert to absolute
            strFullUrl = System.Windows.Application.Current.Host.Source.AbsoluteUri;
            if (strFullUrl.IndexOf("/ClientBin") > 0)
                strFullUrl = strFullUrl.Substring(0, strFullUrl.IndexOf("/ClientBin")) + strRelativePath;
        }

        return strFullUrl;
    }
}

Note how the tile source must return a URL. If you have an image you want to use as the map, you can use the MapCruncher tool to prepare it.


Call us today for a Buyer's Consultation or Seller's Consultation and see if we are the kind of people you can trust with your next move.
So much happened it the past 2 months - that I would consider Defining Life Moments.
I was recently reading that life is the sum of "what we do" with the moments given to us. Those moments can be filled with Chasing the Wind, the Clock, worrying about the past or being Anxious about the future. Or if we look for them – there can be special moments in each day – that can make a difference in us & others.
especially with meeting and being involved in so many people's lives.
Here is a Fun Thought – What is the one defining moment in your life that just blows you away - the life-changing moment that has influenced your life, your friendships, influenced who you are & who you are becoming?
Just reflecting – and letting you know Marlene and I are so happy we have had the chance share some life moments together with you.
Marlene I and dated for 4 + years and even before we were married – we had started a savings account to buy our first home.
When we had saved decent down payment we started hunting for a place we could call home - bought it - rented it out - and moved into it when we got married.
It was an interesting first few years of married life. Most of our furniture was "Hand Me Down Stuff"…. The couch, tv, table & chairs. (even our "water bed" came from one of our siblings - thanks Norma & Hank). At that time we seldom went out for dinner and even a tenting holiday was rare.
When we purchased that home, we had the biggest debt in our life. In our minds, we wanted to get control over that debt – so instead of buying "the stuff " we chipped away at the mortgage month after month with any savings we had.
Then there came a day, we got our bank statement – and those years of extra payments paid off – the mortgage was over ½ gone! It was an AWESOME surprise and we were sooo happy we didn't buy all the "stuff" !!
It sounds crazy… with today's access to personal loans, 2nd mortgages and credit cards…why wait for the prize – buy what you want now / pay later. Right?
A recent statistic indicated that 60+ % of families have more credit card debt than savings - That instant gratification – a buy now / pay later mentality is becoming more and more a problem = happy credit card companies and unhappy stressed out families.
With Christmas just around the corner – the highest season of credit card debt is upon us. Remember there are so many awesome gifts that can be given that money can't buy. Time together, activities & hanging out…. Demonstrating: love & kindness, forgiveness & appreciation with those special people in our life is the gift….. Bring on that turkey dinner!!
How is your elasticity? I'm talking about your mental capacity when the going gets tough and / or when you are going through some stress filled weeks or months?
My business coach Joe ingrained into my life to take time off regularly and "shut off". Over the years, both Marlene and I can "feel" when that time is and to do something about it.
How do I create elasticity in my mental capacity? Sometimes it's as easy as a 15 minute "Cat nap" after lunch for a few days in a row and other times it may be a long weekend away (or at home) doing absolutely nothing. Sometimes it is a good workout or some hard physical labor on the property—but—then there are the holiday times. Periodically sharing that time with friends and family is exactly what is needed and other times it takes a little hibernating to get my head screwed on.
Here is the cool part—When I learnt to listen to my body, and do what is needed, it's like hitting the reset button.
So here we are. Summer holidays are over - and we have worked that reset button a couple of times and we are ready for Autumn. So, what is Autumn going to be like?
With 36 years of marketing real estate, we have been involved with changing markets many times ( it happens every 8-10 years. Some real estate agents are stressing out and uncertain as they have not experienced a changing market (if they have not been in the business prior to 2007) and some are even leaving the business.
Here is what is exciting for us. Experience show that every time this kind of change takes place—our real estate business grows. We are prepared, we have been there before and we have the marketing campaigns in place to get the job done.
While I was having lunch with a businessman today—we had an interesting conversation about hectic schedules / family issues & mental exhaustion. He had a boat load of stuff on his plate—and his boat was sinking.
But—if you run the business—and have scheduled times (Time to work in the business—Time to work on the business and time put aside for yourself)—to get your head screwed back on—life will just go better.
When you restart that slow messed up machine (or myself) I find myself working more efficiently—less glitches—less issues in my life—joy and energy is reignited.
So… feeling tired, drained, stressed or just basically messed up? Maybe its time to hit the RESTART button in your life.
It's the get away with out all the "Stuff" that will refresh you. Your spouse and kids will notice a definite new you—give it a try.
Feel free to call us for some RESTART ideas or if you have any great ideas to share.
clients and friends as well.
We have all heard it before…"the craziness of life". Most of us get so caught up in life that we do not guard ourselves or our hearts from our busy lifestyles and all the problems that occur when we get fried or even burnt out.
Problems? You know… breaking promises, commitments, family times, date nights, no time for play, can't say no, getting stressed, or even the start of serious bad habits!
In talking with Marlene, Jared & Tianna about what their hearts need to be revived… what makes them come alive. Some thoughts were sunlight, a good movie, bicycle riding, roller-blading, a nice family day or date night, peace, getting along, a feeling of love, a nice dinner, listening to music, a game of cards, reading a good book & hanging out with friends.
I would love just to be involved in the "amazing & fascinating" in all aspects of life—with my friends, family and clients… How about you?
What that means is to have a "Burning Passion Reason" to do something, to make something, to change a behavior or even transform . It becomes your deep down motivator.
sugary anything (juices, treats, sauces).
So here is my "Strong Why" that keeps me on track. I have a picture that burns in my memory of a client whose father was diabetic. I remember being with him and their family in Osoyoos boating & water skiing together. And years later I also remember him—having to have both legs amputated and in the end, being at his funeral. That picture is my "Strong Why" that keeps me on track.
Many times people get caught up—they want to change—but don't know how to change or how to stick with it. To have a "Burning Passion Reason" / "A Strong Why" is one of the "tools" that has worked for me—and I hope it can help you or a friend.
Recently I was at a quarterly meeting in San Diego to connect with my business coach Joe Stumpf at "By Referral Only" Real Estate Marketing University.
Health, fitness & energy - Imagine 1 or 2 of your irritations / tolerations gone. (For me (Larry) - my "Happy place" is following a morning and afternoon daily ritual. By not guarding daily rituals—my toleration is low energy) For a friend of ours—their "happy place" is to imagine a regular work-out routine with a work-out partner or trainer.
Have you ever noticed that when you focus on what is not working in your life, that you feel discouraged?
When things don't quite work out the way that I had expected them to or hoped that they would, my negative self talk can easily wreck my peace of mind. I have also found that when I focus on what is working in my life I get this feeling of encouragement.
"No, Larry," my doctor went on to say, "you have been blessed with it geneti- cally. It's in your DNA. Your Dad has it." So ok, here we go. No pasta, no potatoes, no bread and certainly no dessert. Even minimal fruit. My inner self talk was screaming, "POOR ME!" and this continued at every dinner over the course of the next week or so. (You need to know that I LOVE bread, potatoes and spaghetti.) This was not good news to me...AT ALL.
I have a few people in my life that encouraged me to go for it and make the change. I have made the decision to eat clean and exercise more and over the past 6 months I can't deny that I feel healthier and I've even gained some muscle and have lost an inch around my waist. Feeling fit and trim!
Here is the nugget. We all hit bumps on the road, don't we? We can have blue days (or really bad hair days), but encouragement can help bring us out of these valleys and dips. We just don't have to live there.
So...who are your 'go to' people who continuously speak encouragement into your life? Be an encourager and you will be encouraged right back. Try it out for yourself. The gift of encouragement. We all have it.


text:
Social distancing and safety measures in place
Follows government and industry guidelines for COVID-19
Signed up to the AA COVID Confident Charter
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FROM THE ESTABLISHMENT
Family & Dog friendly 5 bed B & B
167 Columbus Ravine, Scarborough, NORTH YORKSHIRE, YO12 7QZ
Web :www.thebeachesscarborough.co.uk
Latitude and Longitude:
Also in the Area
The Meltham
Scarborough , North Yorkshire
The Atlanta
White Acre & White Gable
The Whiteley
The Albert Inn
Discover North Yorkshire
North Yorkshire, with its two National Parks and two designated Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty, is England's largest county and one of the most rural. This is prime walking country, from the heather-clad heights of the North York Moors to the limestone country that is so typical of the Yorkshire Dales – a place of contrasts and discoveries, of history and legend.
The coastline offers its own treasures, from the fishing villages of Staithes and Robin Hood Bay to Scarborough, one time Regency spa and Victorian bathing resort. In the 1890s, the quaint but bustling town of Whitby provided inspiration for Bram Stoker, who set much of his novel, Dracula, in the town. Wizarding enthusiasts head to the village of Goathland, which is the setting for the Hogwarts Express stop at Hogsmeade station in the Harry Potter films.
York is a city of immense historical significance. It was capital of the British province under the Romans in AD 71, a Viking settlement in the 10th century, and in the Middle Ages its prosperity depended on the wool trade. Its city walls date from the 14th century and are among the finest in Europe. However, the gothic Minster, built between 1220 and 1470, is York's crowning glory.
Dining Nearby
The Albert
A stone's throw from Scarborough's North Bay and the town centre, this traditional seaside pub on North Marine Road is well positioned with most attractions a five-minute walk away. The pub offers a wide selection of real ales and an extensive...
Clark's Restaurant
AA Rosette Award
A very tempting frontage is your gateway into this neighbourhood restaurant where the tables are made from Singer sewing machine bases. The room is dominated by the bar/servery and a big display of gins, including products from Scarborough and...
Lanterna Ristorante
It has been honoured by Italian newspaper La Stampa as 'the English temple of Italian cuisine', which seems an extraordinary accolade for an unassuming, albeit heartily convivial restaurant. Chef-patron, tireless Giorgio Alessio, oversees a venue...
Downe Arms Country Inn
A converted 17th-century farmhouse on the edge of the North Yorkshire Moors, within easy reach of the Scarborough coastline and Ryedale. Inside are lovely high ceilings, and large sash windows look down to the attractive stone village of Wykeham....
Nearby Experiences
Recommended things to do
North Bay Railway
Catch the miniature steam-hauled train between Peasholm Park and Scalby Mills – pushchairs and wheelchairs are accommodated, and it's handy for the Sea Life Centre, too. Opened in 1931, the line runs for three quarters of a mile, offering good views...
Stephen Joseph Theatre
Daring theatrical pioneer Stephen Joseph founded Britain's first theatre-in-the-round here in 1955, and it moved to its present home – the old Odeon Cinema – in 1996, when still under the artistic directorship of playwright and farce-master Alan...
Unlike most medieval castles, Scarborough saw action in World War I, when shells from German battleships struck it. Historical records indicate that this was not the first time that the castle had come under attack, and several English kings...
Woodend Creative Gallery
A modern art gallery where everything's for sale! See some of Yorkshire's finest modern arts and crafts – it's free to look.
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text:
Huygens–Fresnel principle
Wave refraction in the manner of Huygens
Wave diffraction in the manner of Huygens and Fresnel
The Huygens–Fresnel principle (named after Dutch physicist Christiaan Huygens and French physicist Augustin-Jean Fresnel) is a method of analysis applied to problems of wave propagation both in the far-field limit and in near-field diffraction and also reflection. It states that every point on a wavefront is itself the source of spherical wavelets, and the secondary wavelets emanating from different points mutually interfere.[1] The sum of these spherical wavelets forms the wavefront.
1.1 Huygens' principle as a microscopic model
1.2 Modern physics interpretations
2 Mathematical expression of the principle
3 Generalized Huygens' principle
3.1 Huygens' theory and the modern photon wave function
3.2 Huygens' principle and quantum field theory
4 In other spatial dimensions
Diffraction of a plane wave when the slit width equals the wavelength
In 1678, Huygens[2] proposed that every point to which a luminous disturbance reaches becomes a source of a spherical wave; the sum of these secondary waves determines the form of the wave at any subsequent time. He assumed that the secondary waves travelled only in the "forward" direction and it is not explained in the theory why this is the case. He was able to provide a qualitative explanation of linear and spherical wave propagation, and to derive the laws of reflection and refraction using this principle, but could not explain the deviations from rectilinear propagation that occur when light encounters edges, apertures and screens, commonly known as diffraction effects.[3] The resolution of this error was finally explained by David A. B. Miller in 1991.[4] The resolution is that the source is a dipole (not the monopole assumed by Huygens), which cancels in the reflected direction.
In 1818, Fresnel[5] showed that Huygens's principle, together with his own principle of interference could explain both the rectilinear propagation of light and also diffraction effects. To obtain agreement with experimental results, he had to include additional arbitrary assumptions about the phase and amplitude of the secondary waves, and also an obliquity factor. These assumptions have no obvious physical foundation but led to predictions that agreed with many experimental observations, including the Poisson spot.
Poisson was a member of the French Academy, which reviewed Fresnel's work.[6] He used Fresnel's theory to predict that a bright spot ought to appear in the center of the shadow of a small disc, and deduced from this that the theory was incorrect. However, Arago, another member of the committee, performed the experiment and showed that the prediction was correct. (Lisle had observed this fifty years earlier.[3]) This was one of the investigations that led to the victory of the wave theory of light over then predominant corpuscular theory.
In antenna theory and engineering, the reformulation of the Huygens–Fresnel principle for radiating current sources is known as surface equivalence principle.[7][8]
Huygens' principle as a microscopic model[edit]
The Huygens–Fresnel principle provides a reasonable basis for understanding and predicting the classical wave propagation of light. However, there are limitations to the principle, namely the same approximations done for deriving the Kirchhoff's diffraction formula and the approximations of near field due to Fresnel. These can be summarized in the fact that the wavelength of light is much smaller than the dimensions of any optical components encountered.[6]
Kirchhoff's diffraction formula provides a rigorous mathematical foundation for diffraction, based on the wave equation. The arbitrary assumptions made by Fresnel to arrive at the Huygens–Fresnel equation emerge automatically from the mathematics in this derivation.[9]
A simple example of the operation of the principle can be seen when an open doorway connects two rooms and a sound is produced in a remote corner of one of them. A person in the other room will hear the sound as if it originated at the doorway. As far as the second room is concerned, the vibrating air in the doorway is the source of the sound.
Modern physics interpretations[edit]
Not all experts agree that the Huygens' principle is an accurate microscopic representation of reality. For instance, Melvin Schwartz argued that "Huygens' principle actually does give the right answer but for the wrong reasons".[1]
This can be reflected in the following facts:
The microscopic mechanics to create photons and of emission, in general, is essentially acceleration of electrons.[1]
The original analysis of Huygens[10] included amplitudes only. It includes neither phases nor waves propagating at different speeds (due to diffraction within continuous media), and therefore does not take into account interference.
The Huygens analysis also does not include polarization for light which imply a vector potential, where instead sound waves can be described with a scalar potential and there is no unique and natural translation between the two.[11]
In the Huygens description, there is no explanation of why we choose only the forward-going (retarded wave or forward envelope of wave fronts) versus the backward-propagating advanced wave (backward envelope).[11]
In the Fresnel approximation there is a concept of non-local behavior due to the sum of spherical waves with different phases that comes from the different points of the wave front, and non local theories are subject of many debates (e.g., not being Lorentz covariant) and of active research.
The Fresnel approximation can be interpreted in a quantum probabilistic manner but is unclear how much this sum of states (i.e., wavelets on the wavefront) is a complete list of states that are meaningful physically or represents more of an approximation on a generic basis like in the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) method.
The Huygens' principle is essentially compatible with quantum field theory in the far field approximation, considering effective fields in the center of scattering, considering small perturbations, and in the same sense that quantum optics is compatible with classical optics, other interpretations are subject of debates and active research.
The Feynman model where every point in an imaginary wave front as large as the room is generating a wavelet, shall also be interpreted in these approximations [12] and in a probabilistic context, in this context remote points can only contribute minimally to the overall probability amplitude.
Quantum field theory does not include any microscopic model for photon creation and the concept of single photon is also put under scrutiny on a theoretical level.
Mathematical expression of the principle[edit]
Geometric arrangement for Fresnel's calculation
Consider the case of a point source located at a point P0, vibrating at a frequency f. The disturbance may be described by a complex variable U0 known as the complex amplitude. It produces a spherical wave with wavelength λ, wavenumber k = 2π/λ. Within a constant of proportionality, the complex amplitude of the primary wave at the point Q located at a distance r0 from P0 is:
U ( r 0 ) ∝ U 0 e i k r 0 r 0 . {\displaystyle U(r_{0})\propto {\frac {U_{0}e^{ikr_{0}}}{r_{0}}}.}
Note that magnitude decreases in inverse proportion to the distance travelled, and the phase changes as k times the distance travelled.
Using Huygens's theory and the principle of superposition of waves, the complex amplitude at a further point P is found by summing the contributions from each point on the sphere of radius r0. In order to get agreement with experimental results, Fresnel found that the individual contributions from the secondary waves on the sphere had to be multiplied by a constant, −i/λ, and by an additional inclination factor, K(χ). The first assumption means that the secondary waves oscillate at a quarter of a cycle out of phase with respect to the primary wave, and that the magnitude of the secondary waves are in a ratio of 1:λ to the primary wave. He also assumed that K(χ) had a maximum value when χ = 0, and was equal to zero when χ = π/2, where χ is the angle between the normal of the primary wave front and the normal of the secondary wave front. The complex amplitude at P, due to the contribute of secondary waves, is then given by:[13]
U ( P ) = − i λ U ( r 0 ) ∫ S e i k s s K ( χ ) d S {\displaystyle U(P)=-{\frac {i}{\lambda }}U(r_{0})\int _{S}{\frac {e^{iks}}{s}}K(\chi )\,dS}
where S describes the surface of the sphere, and s is the distance between Q and P.
Fresnel used a zone construction method to find approximate values of K for the different zones,[6] which enabled him to make predictions that were in agreement with experimental results. The integral theorem of Kirchhoff includes the basic idea of Huygens–Fresnel principle. Kirchhoff showed that in many cases, the theorem can be approximated to a simpler form that is equivalent to the formation of Fresnel's formulation.[6]
For an aperture illumination consisting of a single expanding spherical wave, if the radius of the curvature of the wave is sufficiently large, Kirchhoff gave the following expression for K(χ):[6]
K ( χ ) = 1 2 ( 1 + cos  χ ) {\displaystyle ~K(\chi )={\frac {1}{2}}(1+\cos \chi )}
K has a maximum value at χ = 0 as in the Huygens–Fresnel principle; however, K is not equal to zero at χ = π/2, but at χ = π.
Above derivation of K(χ) assumed that the diffracting aperture is illuminated by a single spherical wave with a sufficiently large radius of curvature. However, the principle holds for more general illuminations.[13] An arbitrary illumination can be decomposed into a collection of point sources, and the linearity of the wave equation can be invoked to apply the principle to each point source individually. K(χ) can be generally expressed as:[13]
K ( χ ) = cos  χ {\displaystyle ~K(\chi )=\cos \chi }
In this case, K satisfies the conditions stated above (maximum value at χ = 0 and zero at χ = π/2).
Generalized Huygens' principle[edit]
Many books and references e.g.[14] and [15] refer to the Generalized Huygens' Principle as the one referred by Feynman in this publication [16]
Feynman defines the generalized principle in the following way:
"Actually Huygens' principle is not correct in optics. It is replaced by Kirchoff's (sic) modification which requires that both the amplitude and its derivative must be known on the adjacent surface. This is a consequence of the fact that the wave equation in optics is second order in the time. The wave equation of quantum mechanics is first order in the time; therefore, Huygens' principle is correct for matter waves, action replacing time."
This clarifies the fact that in this context the generalized principle reflects the linearity of quantum mechanics and the fact that the quantum mechanics equations are first order in time. Finally only in this case the superposition principle fully apply, i.e. the wave function in a point P can be expanded as a superposition of waves on a border surface enclosing P. Wave functions can be interpreted in the usual quantum mechanical sense as probability densities where the formalism of Green's functions and propagators apply. What is note-worthy is that this generalized principle is applicable for "matter waves" and not for light waves any more. The phase factor is now clarified as given by the action and there is no more confusion why the phases of the wavelets are different from the one of the original wave and modified by the additional Fresnel parameters.
As per Greiner [14] the generalized principle can be expressed for t ′ > t {\displaystyle t'>t} in the form:
ψ ′ ( x ′ , t ′ ) = i ∫ d 3 x G ( x ′ , t ′ ; x , t ) ψ ( x , t ) {\displaystyle \psi '(\mathbf {x} ',t')=i\int {}{}d^{3}xG(\mathbf {x} ',t';\mathbf {x} ,t)\psi (\mathbf {x} ,t)}
Where G is the usual Green function that propagates in time the wave function ψ {\displaystyle \psi } . This description resembles and generalize the initial Fresnel's formula of the classical model.
Huygens' theory and the modern photon wave function[edit]
Huygens' theory served as a fundamental explanation of the wave nature of light interference and was further developed by Fresnel and Young but did not fully resolve all observations such as the low-intensity double-slit experiment first performed by G. I. Taylor in 1909. It was not until the early and mid-1900s that quantum theory discussions, particularly the early discussions at the 1927 Brussels Solvay Conference, where Louis de Broglie proposed his de Broglie hypothesis that the photon is guided by a wave function.[17] The wave function presents a much different explanation of the observed light and dark bands in a double slit experiment. In this conception, the photon follows a path which is a random choice of one of many possible paths. These possible paths form the pattern: in dark areas, no photons are landing, and in bright areas, many photons are landing. The set of possible photon paths is determined by the surroundings: the photon's originating point (atom), the slit, and the screen. The wave function is a solution to this geometry. The wave function approach was further supported by additional double-slit experiments in Italy and Japan in the 1970s and 1980s with electrons.[18]
Huygens' principle and quantum field theory[edit]
Huygens' principle can be seen as a consequence of the homogeneity of space—space is uniform in all locations.[19] Any disturbance created in a sufficiently small region of homogenous space (or in a homogenous medium) propagates from that region in all geodesic directions. The waves produced by this disturbance, in turn, create disturbances in other regions, and so on. The superposition of all the waves results in the observed pattern of wave propagation.
Homogeneity of space is fundamental to quantum field theory (QFT) where the wave function of any object propagates along all available unobstructed paths. When integrated along all possible paths, with a phase factor proportional to the action, the interference of the wave-functions correctly predicts observable phenomena. Every point on the wavefront acts as the source of secondary wavelets that spread out in the light cone with the same speed as the wave. The new wavefront is found by constructing the surface tangent to the secondary wavelets.
In other spatial dimensions[edit]
In 1900, Jacques Hadamard observed that Huygens' principle was broken when the number of spatial dimensions is even.[20][21][22] From this, he developed a set of conjectures that remain an active topic of research.[23][24] In particular, it has been discovered that Huygens' principle holds on a large class of homogenous spaces derived from the Coxeter group (so, for example, the Weyl groups of simple Lie algebras).[19][25]
The traditional statement of Huygens' principle for the D'Alembertian gives rise to the KdV hierarchy; analogously, the Dirac operator gives rise to the AKNS hierarchy.[26][27]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Huygens' principle.
Fraunhofer diffraction
Kirchhoff's diffraction formula
Green's function
Green's theorem
Green's identities
Near-field diffraction pattern
Double-slit experiment
Knife-edge effect
Fermat's principle
Fourier optics
Surface equivalence principle
Wave field synthesis
^ a b c "Huygens' Principle". MathPages. Retrieved 2017-10-03.
^ Chr. Huygens, Traité de la Lumière (drafted 1678; published in Leyden by Van der Aa, 1690), translated by Silvanus P. Thompson as Treatise on Light (London: Macmillan, 1912; Project Gutenberg edition, 2005), p.19.
^ a b Heavens, O. S.; Ditchburn, R. W. (1987). Insight into Optics. Chichester: Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-92769-4.
^ Miller, David A. B. (1991). "Huygens's wave propagation principle corrected". Optics Letters. 16 (18): 1370–1372. Bibcode:1991OptL...16.1370M. doi:10.1364/OL.16.001370. PMID 19776972. S2CID 16872264.
^ A. Fresnel, "Mémoire sur la diffraction de la lumière" (deposited 1818, "crowned" 1819), in Oeuvres complètes (Paris: Imprimerie impériale, 1866–70), vol.1, pp. 247–363; partly translated as "Fresnel's prize memoir on the diffraction of light", in H. Crew (ed.), The Wave Theory of Light: Memoirs by Huygens, Young and Fresnel, American Book Co., 1900, pp. 81–144. (Not to be confused with the earlier work of the same title in Annales de Chimie et de Physique, 1:238–81, 1816.)
^ a b c d e Born, Max; Wolf, Emil (1999). Principles of Optics. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-64222-4.
^ Balanis, Constantine A. (2012). Advanced Engineering Electromagnetics. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 328–331. ISBN 978-0-470-58948-9.
^ Balanis, Constantine A. (2005). Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design (3rd ed.). John Wiley and Sons. p. 333. ISBN 047166782X.
^ Klein, M. V.; Furtak, T. E. (1986). Optics (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-84311-3.
^ "Huygens". Archive.org. Retrieved 2020-07-02.
^ a b "TheoryOfHuygens". Archive.org.
^ "Los Alamos Science". 2002.
^ a b c J. Goodman (2005). Introduction to Fourier Optics (3rd ed.). Roberts & Co Publishers. ISBN 978-0-9747077-2-3.
^ a b Greiner W. Quantum Electrodynamics. Springer, 2002.
^ "Huygens' Principle as Universal Model of Propagation" (PDF).
^ Feynman, R. P. "Space-Time Approach to NonRelativistic Quantum Mechanics". Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ Baggott, Jim (2011). The Quantum Story. Oxford Press. p. 116. ISBN 978-0-19-965597-7.
^ Peter, Rodgers (September 2002). "The double-slit experiment". www.physicsworld.com. Physics World. Retrieved 10 Sep 2018.
^ a b Veselov, Alexander P. (1995). "Huygens' principle and integrable systems". Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena. 87 (1–4): 9–13. Bibcode:1995PhyD...87....9V. doi:10.1016/0167-2789(95)00166-2.
^ Veselov, Alexander P. (2002). "Huygens' Principle" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-02-21.
^ "Wave Equation in Higher Dimensions" (PDF). Math 220a class notes. Stanford University.
^ Belger, M.; Schimming, R.; Wünsch, V. (1997). "A Survey on Huygens' Principle". Zeitschrift für Analysis und ihre Anwendungen. 16 (1): 9–36. doi:10.4171/ZAA/747.
^ Ásgeirsson, Leifur (1956). "Some hints on Huygens' principle and Hadamard's conjecture". Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics. 9 (3): 307–326. doi:10.1002/cpa.3160090304.
^ Günther, Paul (1991). "Huygens' principle and Hadamard's conjecture". The Mathematical Intelligencer. 13 (2): 56–63. doi:10.1007/BF03024088. S2CID 120446795.
^ Berest, Yu. Yu.; Veselov, A. P. (1994). "Hadamard's problem and Coxeter groups: New examples of Huygens' equations". Functional Analysis and Its Applications. 28 (1): 3–12. doi:10.1007/BF01079005. S2CID 121842251.
^ Chalub, Fabio A. C. C.; Zubelli, Jorge P. (2006). "Huygens' Principle for Hyperbolic Operators and Integrable Hierarchies". Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena. 213 (2): 231–245. Bibcode:2006PhyD..213..231C. doi:10.1016/j.physd.2005.11.008.
^ Berest, Yuri Yu.; Loutsenko, Igor M. (1997). "Huygens' Principle in Minkowski Spaces and Soliton Solutions of the Korteweg-de Vries Equation". Communications in Mathematical Physics. 190 (1): 113–132. arXiv:solv-int/9704012. Bibcode:1997CMaPh.190..113B. doi:10.1007/s002200050235. S2CID 14271642.
Stratton, Julius Adams: Electromagnetic Theory, McGraw-Hill, 1941. (Reissued by Wiley – IEEE Press, ISBN 978-0-470-13153-4).
B.B. Baker and E.T. Copson, The Mathematical Theory of Huygens' Principle, Oxford, 1939, 1950; AMS Chelsea, 1987.
Christiaan Huygens
Systema Saturnium (1659)
De Vi Centrifiga (1659)
Horologium Oscillatorium (1673)
Traité de la Lumiére (1692)
Cosmotheoros (1698)
In science and
Discoveries by Huygens
Centripetal acceleration
Coupled oscillation
Conception of the standardization of the temperature scale
Early history of classical mechanics
Early history of calculus
Huygens' law
Huygens' lemniscate
Huygens' principle (Huygens–Fresnel principle)
Huygens' construction
Huygens' tritone
Huygens' wavelet
Huygens' wave theory
Huygens–Steiner theorem
Hypothesis of intelligent extraterrestrial life
Isochrone curve (tautochrone curve)
Foundations of differential geometry of curves
(mathematical notions of the evolute and involute of the curve)
Scientific foundations of horology
Mathematical and physical investigations of properties of the pendulum
Modern conception of centrifugal and centripetal forces
Music theory of microtones (31 equal temperament)
Polarization of light (Iceland spar)
Titan (moon)
Theoretical foundations of wave optics (wave theory of light)
Inventions by Huygens
Aerial telescope
Centrifugal governor
Cycloidal pendulum
Huygens' engine 1
Huygens' eyepiece
Magic lantern 2
Spiral balance spring
Precision timekeeping (pendulum clock and spiral-hairspring watch)
List of things named after Christiaan Huygens
2801 Huygens
Cassini–Huygens
Huygens probe
Mons Huygens
MS Christiaan Huygens
Huygens (crater)
Huygens-Fokker Foundation
Huygens Gap
Huygens Ringlet
Horologium (constellation)
Prix Descartes-Huygens
Cosmos: A Personal Voyage - Episode 6: "Travellers' Tales"
(1980 documentary TV series by Carl Sagan)
Clocks and Culture, 1300–1700 (1967 history book by Carlo Cipolla)
Revolution in Time: Clocks and the Making of the Modern World
(1983 history book by David Landes)
Scientific Revolution
Golden Age of Dutch science and technology
Science and technology in the Dutch Republic
Académie des Sciences
Huygens family
Salomon Coster
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
Denis Papin
Augustin-Jean Fresnel
Thomas Young
1 A rudimentary prototype of the internal combustion piston engine.
2 An early practical type of the image projector and a precursor to both the modern slide projector and the movie projector.
Wikisource texts
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Huygens–Fresnel_principle&oldid=1057731566"
Wave mechanics
CS1 errors: missing periodical
Commons link is locally defined


Work goes on at our small equipment bench, one of five operating repair stations in our expanded repair section.
If you have a piece of equipment in need of service, fill out a Repair Form at our service portal now to get the ball rolling.
Our in-house staff is equipped, experienced and certified to service a wide range of cleaning equipment. Repair services are one of our core competencies. PUR-O-ZONE's 3,500 sq. ft. repair facility and staff contained inside our 36,000 s.f. headquarters building in Lawrence have been widely recognized by both manufacturers and customers for service excellence. We have certified Advance-Nilfisk Master Technician status on-board, and are also the official installer of new equipment in Kansas for Advance. Many of our western Kansas customers are served through our Hutchinson facility. Combined, our staff has scores of hours of manufacturer training both locally and at manufacturer plants. Average experience of senior repair staff exceeds 17 years as industry veterans.
Services available from our Lawrence headquarters follow.
Please contact our Hutchinson branch directly for repair program information and charges.
You can deliver your corded electric equipment or vacuum to our Lawrence or Hutchinson facilities, or we can pick up the equipment in many parts of Kansas and western Missouri for a nominal fee.
Our staff specializes in Advance-Nilfisk, Nobles-Tennant, Kaivac, ProTeam, Host, Tornado and Viper repair. Most frequently used parts are already stocked in our large parts inventory adding speed to our response. In addition to specialty product lines, we are capable of servicing and obtaining parts at competitive pricing for all major equipment brands. Our staff is among the first in the United States to plan for repair capabilities in the field of autonomous cleaning equipment and robotics.
Hourly rate plus parts, nominal pick up and delivery fees (if applicable).
Note: Most ride-on and battery walk-behind equipment is at risk for damage in transportation, and for safety, needs to be serviced on-site with our Road Warrior repair service, described below.
If transporting your equipment provides challenges, if your equipment is ride-on or battery walk-behind, or if you simply prefer your repairs to be made on-site so your automation is available again as quickly as possible, our trained field staff can assist you at many locations in Kansas and western Missouri. Our extensive repair and installation staff can generally service your equipment as quickly as anyone in the region. The experience level of our field staff helps make service visits more efficient and effective, keeping your costs lower.
To help us provide you with the most productive first service visit, please use our on-line system for submitting repair requests. That system helps remind you of important information that just might save a two-part service call. You will be contacted after submitting your request to gather any final details.
Trip charge (an approximation of our hourly rate, one-way), hourly rate, plus parts.
Return trips to complete service require additional trip charge.
The overall most cost-effective way to maintain cleaning equipment is through preventive, or planned maintenance.
Problems are handled before they result in "sympathetic" problems.
Keeps equipment more ready for use, so people costs aren't increased by using ineffective equipment or by waiting for repair.
Helps the equipment produce better results.
Equipment lasts longer, lowering the lifetime cost of ownership.
People are more productive when problems are spotted timely.
Planned maintenance visits vary in cost by category of equipment. There is a charge for each item on the list. The less complex the equipment category, the lower the planned maintenance cost.
During each PM visit, a specific checklist of items are looked into for that specific category and model of equipment. Routine minor maintenance items are handled as the list is checked. For example, if a squeegee on a rider-scrubber should be flipped, that will be done. If the squeegee should be replaced, it will be placed on the resulting estimate. These services are included in the PM base charge.
You will receive an estimate for any needed repairs on the equipment for approval. Once approved, parts will be ordered and a return visit to do all essential work will take place. The cost assembled in the estimate assumes no hidden issues are uncovered as the equipment is disassembled for repair. In about 70% of cases, no hidden issues exist. In about 30% of cases, once the initial area of concern is exposed and available for complete inspection, a related or additional area is found. Planned maintenance generally minimizes hidden damage and repair costs in general through professional inspection on a routine frequency.
Base charge per item of equipment, plus any later trip charge (one-way), hourly rate and parts.


text:
2.1 By road
2.2 By ferry
suburb of Auckland, New Zealand
(Redirected from North Shore (New Zealand)/Devonport)
Oceania > New Zealand > North Island > Auckland Region > Auckland > Auckland/North Harbour > Devonport (New Zealand)
Devonport is a seaside suburb on the North Shore of Auckland in New Zealand, directly across the harbour from central Auckland. This article also covers Bayswater.
Devonport was one of the earliest parts of Auckland settled by Europeans. It began as a farming and shipbuilding area, and subdivisions in the 1880s resulted in the large wooden villas being built which are very much part of the modern-day charm. It is the location of New Zealand's naval base and the Navy Museum.
Devonport i-SITE Visitor Information Centre, Devonport Wharf, ☏ +64 9 365 9906. M-F 10AM-2PM, Sa Su 8AM-noon.
Visit Devonport – tourist and holiday information site, providing visitor information about Devonport attractions and operators with inspiration for planning your trip to Devonport.
By roadEdit
Head north across the harbour bridge on the motorway. Take the Northcote off-ramp. Turn right, cross the motorway and follow the signs. Devonport is the next ward to the south of Takapuna.
To get off at Northcote: if coming from Auckland City the "Esmonde Road" offramp is the one to take.
By ferryEdit
Take the 10-minute ferry ride from downtown Auckland.
-36.82485174.802751 Devonport Museum, 33A Vauxhall Rd, Cambria Reserve, ☏ +64 9 445 2661, ✉ info@devonportmuseum.org.nz. Tu-Th 10AM-noon, Sa Su 2–4PM. The museum is housed in the old Presbyterian Church and specialises in memorabilia pertaining to the history of Devonport. Admission is free but a small donation is appreciated..
Devonport Village. Get straight off the ferry from downtown Auckland. Devonport is on a peninsula with views over the beautiful Waitemata Harbour. Very easy to explore on foot with an interesting Edwardian village-like atmosphere. Visit the many cafés, art galleries and shops.
-36.82877174.809372 Torpedo Bay Navy Museum, 64 King Edward Parade, Torpedo Bay (15 min walk along the foreshore from the Devonport Ferry Terminal), ☏ +64 9 445-5186, fax: +64 9 445-5046. 10AM–5PM daily except Good Friday and 25–26 Dec. The museum of the Royal New Zealand Navy. The collection documents New Zealand's rich naval heritage. There are displays of uniforms, ships, artifacts and naval memorabilia. Free.
-36.8266174.798773 Climb to the top of Mount Victoria. A fairly easy stroll along Kerr St. This is an ideal vantage point for spectacular views over the city and harbour. It is an extinct volcanic cone. Near the top is a disappearing gun which was installed in 1899 and was fired only once. (updated Oct 2015)
-36.8275174.81211 Take a stroll around North Head, Takarunga Road. It's in Devonport at the mouth of the Waitemata Harbour. It has stunning views over the Hauraki Gulf and inner harbour. Look out for the complex of tunnels, guns (including a disappearing gun from 1886) and other fortifications. Spending a day exploring the tunnels and having a picnic is strongly advised. North Head offers spectacular views of North Shore City, Auckland City, the harbour bridge and the volcanic island of Rangitoto.
Take a Devonport Tour round the twin volcanoes with views from the summit and learn about the area's history. Two hours minimum. ☏ +64 9 357 6366. Departs Auckland on the hour from 10AM until 3PM (both times inclusive) daily. You can leave the coach at any point and get picked up by the next tour so there is ample time to explore. $25 includes return ferry ticket, tour and time for coffee.
Devonport Historic Walk, a pamphlet is available at the Visitor's Centre.
-36.8217174.80792 Cheltenham Beach. A safe, tidal beach and so is popular with families. It can be easily accessed from North Head. There is a grassed area for the kids to run around and for picnics.
-36.8319174.79853 Devonport Beach. Ideal for swimming with a pontoon not far from the beach. It is close to the main shopping centre. There is a children's playground nearby (next to the Public Library).
-36.8125174.80194 Narrow Neck Beach. This is close to Devonport. Very popular and safe with a shop that sells ice creams, lollies etc. There is a playground for the kids and BBQ facilities are provided. Ideal for picnics.
Walk the North Shore section of Te Araroa Trail. A 23-km coastal walking route which goes north to Browns Bay, Torbay and Long Bay. (updated Jun 2020)
Devonport Chocolates, 17 Wynyard St, toll-free: 0800 002462 (NZ only), fax: +64 9 445 6040, ✉ info@devonportchocolates.co.nz. Home-made chocolates. Make your own selection or buy a pre-selected box. You can watch the chocolates being made through the viewing window.
Janzart (formerly Citrus T'Arts), Bayswater, ☏ +64 9 445 9575, ✉ janzart@hotmail.co.nz. Original, NZ handmade garden art - a unique gift for every occasion. find us at markets throughout Auckland. Visit the website to find out where & when.
Torpedo Bay Cafe, 64 King Edward Parade (in the Torpedo Bay Navy Museum). Daily 8AM - 5PM. Cafe with waterfront views and outside tables Mains around $15. (updated Mar 2015)
McHughs, 46 Cheltenham Road. Restaurant which has a daily lunchtime buffet, but caters for functions in the evening. They are right on Cheltenham Beach. Hot buffet from $30. (updated Mar 2015)
Esplanade Hotel, 1 Victoria Rd, ☏ +64 9 445 1291, fax: +64 9 445 1999, ✉ reservations@esplanadehotel.co.nz. City and sea views. One of the city's oldest hotels, now refurbished as a boutique hotel. Upmarket. From $290.
Takapuna – if travelling by land, you will have to go there to leave Devonport
This city travel guide to Devonport is a usable article. It has information on how to get there and on restaurants and hotels. An adventurous person could use this article, but please feel free to improve it by editing the page.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikivoyage.org/w/index.php?title=Devonport_(New_Zealand)&oldid=4114411"
This travel guide page was last edited at 00:18, on 15 December 2020 by Wikivoyage user DaGizza. Based on work by Wikivoyage users Wrh2Bot, AlasdairW, Ground Zero, Evrik, Traveler100bot, Nurg, Ypsilon, Peteretchn and WOSlinker and others.


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This entry was posted on Quinta-feira, 10 de Janeiro, 2019 at 9:27 and is filed under Governo, Norte, Política, Transportes.	You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


text:
Home Breaking News Israelis worried over Hagel's nomination
Israelis worried over Hagel's nomination
Jan 9, 2013: 11:40 am
US President Barack Obama (L) and formerFormer Republican Senator Chuck Hagel (R) has been nominated by US President Barack Obama as the country's next secretary of defense (file photo).
Israeli Knesset Speaker Reuven Rivlin has expressed worry over the nomination of former US Senator Chuck Hagel as the next American defense secretary, amid similar reactions invoked by the regime's backers in the US.
Israel should be "concerned, but not afraid of Hagel's isolationist ideas," said Rivlin, an ally of hawkish Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and fellow member of his Likud Party, AP reported Tuesday.
"Because of his statements in the past and his stance toward Israel, we are worried," Rivlin said of the former Republican Senator from Nebraska.
Hagel, meanwhile, has insisted on his support of Israel and made clear in a Monday interview that his critics have "completely distorted" his record on Israel and that there is "not one shred of evidence that I'm anti-Israel."
However, Hagel made clear that he has previously refused to sign a number of pro-Israeli resolution and letters supported by large majorities of US lawmakers when he was in office from 1997 to 2009 because they "were counter-productive and didn't solve a problem."
Hagel, who chairs the Washington-based Atlantic Council think tank, has been critical of powerful Jewish and other pro-Israeli lobby groups in the US and reportedly stated that "the Jewish lobby [in the US] intimidates a lot of people here" and does some "dumb things" that aren't "smart for Israel."
The former senator has also been widely quoted as saying that "I'm not an Israeli senator. I'm a United States senator."
"I support Israel, but my first interest is I take an oath of office to the Constitution of the United States, not to a president, not to a party, not to Israel," Hagel has further been quoted as saying.
Such independent remarks by Hagel, however, have enraged many Israelis and Jewish groups in the US, which have labeled him an anti-Semite or anti-Israel.
Furthermore, Israeli media outlets have widely described Hagel as "cool toward Israel" while some press reports have quoted an unnamed Israeli diplomatic source as saying that the Hagel nomination for the Pentagon is "very bad news for Israel."
Additionally, many pro-Israeli Republican and conservatives lawmakers and groups in the US have expressed harsh criticism of Hagel's nomination by President Barack Obama, claiming that his confirmation would further isolate the Israeli regime.
Veteran Republican Senator from North Carolina, Lindsey Graham, a Christian conservative that fervently advocates Israel's interests in all US foreign policy decisions, described Hagel's nomination a "controversial choice" in Monday interview.
Graham further insisted that if fellow Republican Hagel is confirmed by the Senate, he "would be the most antagonistic defense secretary" toward the Israel regime "in our nation's history."
MFB/MFB


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text:
Q: Meaning of 'shoal' and 'darts' What 'shoal' and 'darts' mean here?
It's from the book Possession by A.S. Byatt, p70; here is the context>

"And from all these things the soft light proceeded, like the
  glimmering of pearls in the depth of water, like the phosphorescent
  light that moves of itself on the night surface of southern seas, or
  shines round the heaving shoals, milky-white over their silver
  darts, in our own dark Channel."

A: "And from all these things the soft light proceeded, like the glimmering of pearls in the depth of water, like the phosphorescent light that moves of itself on the night surface of southern seas, or shines round the heaving shoals, milky-white over their silver darts, in our own dark Channel."
shoals means: all the fish swimming together
They dart around = move swiftly, darts are like spears.
So, explained in very simple terms that destroys the poetry of A. S. Byatt:
the light shines over shoals of fish that move up and down and that look milky-white. The fish are under the water but they are darting around. The fish look like silver spear tips or darts under the surface of the water.
Apologies to the author if she ever sees this. :)


text:
Q: Where should i access my Database I'm curious how you would handle following Database access.
Let's suggest you have a Computer which Hosts your database as part of his server work and multiple client PC's which has some client-side-software on it that need to get information from this database
AFAIK there are 2 way's to do this

*

*each client-side-software connects directly to the Database

*each client-side-software connects to a server-side-software which connects to the Database as some sort of data access layer.

so what i like to know is:
What are the pro and contra's of each solution?
And are other solutions out there which maybe "better" to do this work

A: I would DEFINITELY go with suggestion number 2. No client application should talk to a datastore without a broker ie:
ClientApp -> WebApi -> DatabaseBroker.class -> MySQL
This is the sound way to do it as you separate concerns and define an organized throughput to the datastore.
Some benefits are:

*

*decouple the client from the database

*you can centralize all upgrades, additions and operability in one location (DatabaseBroker.class) for all clients

*it's very scaleable

*its safe in regards to business logic
Think of it like this with this laymans example:
Marines are not allowed to bring their own weapons to battle (client apps talking directly to DB). instead they checkout the weapon from the armory (API). The armory has control over all weapons, repairs and upgrades (data from database) and determines who gets what.

A: What you have described sounds like two different kind of multitier architectures.
The first point matches with a two-tier and the second one could be a three-tier.

AFAIK there are 2 way's to do this

You can divide your application in several physical tiers, therefore, you will find more cases suitable to this architecture (n-tier) than the described above.

What are the pro and contra's of each solution?

Usually the motivation for splitting your application in tiers is to achieve some kind of non-functional requirements (maintainability, availability, security, etc.), the problem is that when you add extra tiers you also add complexity,e.g.: your app components need to communicate with each other and this is more difficult when they are distributed among several machines.

And are other solutions out there which maybe "better" to do this work.

I'm not sure what you mean with "work" here, but notice that you don't need to add extra tiers to access a database. If you have a desktop application installed in a few machines a classical client/server (two-tier) model should be enough. However, a web-based application needs an extra tier for interacting with the browser. In this case the database access is not the motivation for adding this extra tier.


Idioms (成语) play a very important part in the Chinese language and they certainly make a piece of writing more interesting to read. Choosing the right idiom to use might not always be an easy task. The thematic approach adopted by this book helps students select with ease the most appropriate idiom to use for a particular context.
Chinese idioms are categorized according to 29 themes, for example idioms about the weather, and idioms about different feelings.
Over 300 Chinese idioms and 400 example sentences are presented.
This book serves as an indispensable reference for students.


text:
Legacy Brands
Reebok Refreshes Iconic Vector Logo, Sidelines Red Delta Symbol
Logo first appeared in 1992 and proved too popular
By Mónica Marie Zorrilla
Tired: Deltas. Wired: Vectors.
Reebok is unifying its brand under the iconic Vector logo and "drop-R" wordmark, dumping its red Delta logo from most products in the process. While that Vector logo may look similar to the original, this updated version is a thinner, more modern version.
"Under a unified banner, all of our products and experiences will tell a single story that is clear and consistent," said Karen Reuther, vp of creative direction. "The Vector was created as a logo version of the iconic Reebok side stripes and cross-check design that dates back more than 50 years. It's compelling, dynamic and powerfully linked to some of our greatest cultural moments."
In 2014, Boston-based athletic brand Reebok unveiled its Delta symbol and "Pain Is Temporary, Reebok Is Forever" campaign to signal the three distinctive aspects of a person's fitness transformation: physical, mental and social. The red triangle made its debut on CrossFit apparel in 2011, after Adidas Group acquired the company in 2005 and began to shift its focus from specific sports to wellness.
And while the Delta logo began to get sewn on en masse, Reebok's Vector logo—which first appeared in 1992—remained the more recognizable image to consumers. It predominantly lived on the Reebok Classics line and lifestyle-focused products.
Now, Vector logo 2.0 will be fully integrated on all Reebok sport and lifestyle products, including an early release of sports styles later this month. By 2020, the brand will be completely unified under the logo and wordmark. The red Delta symbol will continue to be used on select products, including CrossFit and UFC-branded Reebok apparel.
The company installed the new logo outside of its Drydock Avenue headquarters in Boston on Thursday.
The redesign will reflect the company's positioning at "the intersection of fitness and fashion," according to Reebok president Matt O'Toole. "As we continue to differentiate ourselves, we're blurring the lines between our entire portfolio of performance and lifestyle products even more so to give our brand one unified presence and voice."
Earlier this year, Venables Bell & Partners released its final work for the brand, creating the new tagline "Sport the Unexpected" in the process. That campaign took the place of "Be More Human," which featured a series of celebrities like pop star Ariana Grande, Wonder Woman's Gal Gadot and Nathalie Emmanuel of Game of Thrones. Reebok has since moved on to Deutsch as its agency of record.
https://adweek.it/33qqiRz
Mónica Marie Zorrilla
@monicroqueta
Mónica is Adweek's breaking news reporter.
Marketing and Communications Manager (Director of Marke...


text:
Veronica orsiniana är en grobladsväxtart. Veronica orsiniana ingår i släktet veronikor, och familjen grobladsväxter.

Underarter

Arten delas in i följande underarter:

 V. o. orsiniana
 V. o. teucrioides
 V. o. verdagueri

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Källor

Externa länkar

Veronikor
orsiniana


South on A1A 9 miles from Rt 192. 3.5 miles from Publix on the Right. Turn Right on Casseekee Trail 141 is on the left hand side.
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text:
The 2008 Evergrande Real Estate World Team Table Tennis Championships was held in the Guangzhou Gymnasium of Guangzhou, China from February 24 to March 2, 2008. This decision was announced in May 2005. It is the 49th edition to be contested.

Medal summary

Medal table

Events

Results

Men's team

Final

Place 1–12 bracket

Women's team

Final

Place 1–12 bracket

References
ITTF website
ITTF Database

World Table Tennis Championships
Table tennis competitions in China
World Table Tennis Championships
World Table Tennis Championships
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