text:
Investor Responsibility
Quarterly Newsletter Sign-Up
New Investor Briefing Highlights Significant Social and Governance Risks at Palantir
Human Rights Groups Call on U.S. for Regional Ban on Imports from China Made with Uyghur Forced Labor
'Fairness in the Factory But on the Farm,' Too, Textile Experts Say
Investors urged to step up due diligence on Xinjiang links
New Investor Guidance Cites Human Rights Risks to Brands with Relationships Connected to Uyghur Region in China
Job Opening: Program Director - Investor Alliance for Human Rights
As Palantir files S-1 with SEC in bid for listing on NYSE, fresh concerns emerge regarding contracts with government agencies with a record of human rights abuse.
NEW YORK, NY, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 9TH, 2020 – The Investor Alliance for Human Rights is today publishing a risk briefing on Palantir Technologies, Inc. detailing significant social and governance risks revealed in its recent S-1 filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission that could prove material to investors.
The briefing is being issued as Palantir holds its Investor Day at 10:00am ET today in connection with its registration statement on Form S-1 filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission relating to its proposed direct listing of class A common stock on the NY Stock Exchange later this month. The briefing supplements an earlier Human Rights Risk Briefing that the Investor Alliance published in November of 2019 which highlighted legal, reputational and human rights risks primarily resulting from Palantir's business relationships with both U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS).
The original brief made a clear case for heightened investor scrutiny of Palantir:
Today's political climate of escalating hostility toward marginalized groups, including as a result of "zero tolerance" immigration policies and law enforcement practices that disproportionately target communities of color, companies and their investors are exposed to heightened human rights and material risks. In this environment, companies of different sectors and sizes—from information and communication technology companies to food services to healthcare firms—may cause, contribute to, or be linked to human rights harms, including by enabling the surveillance, detention, and over-policing of individuals and groups. As a developer of big data software with multiple government contracts related to immigrant detention and law enforcement, Palantir is therefore highly exposed to a range of human rights risks.
This new briefing warns of additional risks revealed in the S-1 and is intended to provide additional information for investors to consider when making investment decisions relating to Palantir.
"As investors review Palantir's finances in the S-1, they must also do their due diligence on its significant human rights risk exposure as part of their responsibility to respect human rights under the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights," said Anita Dorett, Associate Program Director for the Investor Alliance. "Palantir's largest clients include the U.S. Department of Defense, DHS and ICE – agencies with a history of human rights abuses – and the company's CEO Alex Karp has publicly conceded that 'our product is used on occasion to kill people'. This briefing is meant to ensure investors are fully informed of the risks, and to help them ask the right questions to help mitigate those risks."
The brief discussed risks in several areas:
Palantir's Business Relationships with Certain Government Agencies Which Pose Significant Human Rights Risks
Palantir's Challenges in Complying with Data Privacy and Anti-Corruption Laws
Founders' Control of Voting Shares Which Virtually Eliminates any Shareholder Influence
Palantir's Exemption from Certain Reporting Structures Which Limits its Financial Disclosures to Shareholders
Lack of Board Independence
"In the S-1, the company warns investors that its current multi-class structure grants nearly full control – or 49.99% of voting rights – to its founders which, according to the S-1 'will effectively eliminate your ability to influence the outcome of important transactions'. This is something investors concerned about the sustainability of their portfolio companies will need to consider carefully," said Sophie Lawrence, Senior Ethical, Sustainable and Impact Researcher at Rathbone Greenbank Investments. "Further, we understand that this structure may disqualify Palantir from participation in some major indices for example the S&P 500, which Palantir notes may reduce its valuation."
Michael Connor, Executive Director of Open MIC, a nonprofit that works with shareholders to foster corporate accountability in the tech sector, said, "Palantir boasts in its registration statement about its standards for protecting personal privacy, yet the company provides scant detail on how it intends to enforce ethical standards in a business with far-flung global operations, 2,400 employees, and software that claims to address an enormous variety of complex societal challenges. The registration statement does not include details on any of its military, intelligence, or law enforcement contracts, a glaring omission considering the potential ethical questions at play. When it comes to privacy, Palantir has left shareholders - and millions of people who might be the subject of Palantir's surveillance technologies – completely in the dark."
About the Investor Alliance for Human Rights
The Investor Alliance for Human Rights is a collective action platform for responsible investment that is grounded in respect for people's fundamental rights. Its members include asset management firms, public pension funds, trade union funds, faith-based institutions, family funds, and endowments. Collectively, they represent nearly US$5trillion in assets under management and 19 countries. The Investor Alliance is an initiative of the Interfaith Center on Corporate Responsibility.
Visit our website at: https://investorsforhumanrights.org/ and follow us on Twitter: @InvestForRights
PR Palantir Supp Brief 9-9-20 FINAL.pdf
© 2020 ICCR, All rights reserved | A Message Agency site


text:
import * as React from "react";
import * as PropTypes from "prop-types";

import Icon from "../Icon";

export interface DataProps {
  /**
   * Control show how much `Rating`.
   */
  defaultRating?: number;
  /**
   * Control show `Rating` size.
   */
  maxRating?: number;
  /**
   * Control show custom `Icon`.
   */
  icon?: string;
  /**
   * Control custom `Icon Style`.
   */
  iconStyle?: React.CSSProperties;
  /**
   * Control custom `Icon Rated Style`.
   */
  iconRatedStyle?: React.CSSProperties;
  /**
   * `onChange` Rating call back.
   */
  onChangeRating?: (rating?: number) => void;
  /**
   * Control show custom label.
   */
  label?: string;
  /**
   * Control Rating is can't be modified.
   */
  isReadOnly?: boolean;
  /**
   * Set each ratings padding size.(px)
   */
  iconPadding?: number;
}

export interface RatingControlProps extends DataProps, React.HTMLAttributes<HTMLDivElement> {}

export interface RatingControlState {
  currRating?: number;
}

const emptyFunc = () => {};
export class RatingControl extends React.Component<RatingControlProps, RatingControlState> {
  static defaultProps: RatingControlProps = {
    defaultRating: 2.5,
    maxRating: 5,
    icon: "FavoriteStarFill",
    onChangeRating: emptyFunc,
    iconPadding: 10
  };
  rootElm: HTMLDivElement;

  state: RatingControlState = {
    currRating: this.props.defaultRating
  };

  static contextTypes = { theme: PropTypes.object };
  context: { theme: ReactUWP.ThemeType };

  componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps: RatingControlProps) {
    if (nextProps.defaultRating !== this.state.currRating) {
      this.setState({ currRating: nextProps.defaultRating });
    }
  }

  handleRationClick = (e: React.MouseEvent<HTMLSpanElement>, index: number) => {
    const { iconPadding, maxRating } = this.props;
    const lastIndex = maxRating - 1;
    const clientRect = e.currentTarget.getBoundingClientRect();
    const left = e.clientX - clientRect.left;
    let offset = left / (index === lastIndex ? clientRect.width : clientRect.width - iconPadding);
    if (offset > 1) offset = 1;
    const currRating = index + offset;
    this.setState({ currRating });
    this.props.onChangeRating(currRating);
  }

  render() {
    const {
      defaultRating,
      maxRating,
      icon,
      iconStyle,
      iconRatedStyle,
      onChangeRating,
      label,
      isReadOnly,
      iconPadding,
      ...attributes
    } = this.props;
    const { theme } = this.context;
    const { currRating } = this.state;

    const ratio = currRating / maxRating;
    const fontSize = iconStyle ? (+Number(iconStyle.fontSize) || 24) : 24;
    const width = fontSize * maxRating + iconPadding * (maxRating - 1);
    const offset = Math.floor(currRating) * (fontSize + iconPadding) + (currRating % 1) * fontSize;
    const lastIndex = maxRating - 1;

    const inlineStyles = getStyles(this);
    const styles = theme.prepareStyles({
      className: "rating-control",
      styles: inlineStyles
    });

    const renderRatings = (notRated = true) => (
      <div
        style={theme.prefixStyle({
          ...(notRated ? styles.group.style : styles.groupMask.style),
          ...(notRated ? void 0 : {
            clipPath: `polygon(0% 0%, ${offset}px 0%, ${offset}px 100%, 0% 100%)`,
          } as React.CSSProperties)
        })}
        className={notRated ? styles.group.className : styles.groupMask.className}
      >
        {Array(maxRating).fill(0).map((zero, index) => (
          <Icon
            key={`${index}`}
            style={{
              fontSize: 24,
              paddingRight: index === lastIndex ? 0 : iconPadding,
              ...iconStyle,
              ...(notRated ? void 0 : iconRatedStyle)
            }}
            onClick={isReadOnly ? void 0 : e => {
              this.handleRationClick(e, index);
            }}
          >
            {icon}
          </Icon>
        ))}

    );

    const normalRender = (

        {renderRatings()}
        {renderRatings(false)}

    );

    return label ? (

 this.rootElm = rootElm}>

          {normalRender}

            {label}

    ) : normalRender;
  }
}

function getStyles(RatingControl: RatingControl) {
  const {
    context: { theme },
    props: { style }
  } = RatingControl;
  const { prefixStyle } = theme;

  return {
    root: prefixStyle({
      color: theme.baseMediumHigh,
      display: "inline-block",
      position: "relative",
      cursor: "default",
      ...style
    }),
    group: prefixStyle({
      display: "inline-block",
      transition: "all .25s"
    }),
    groupMask: prefixStyle({
      display: "inline-block",
      transition: "all .25s",
      color: theme.accent,
      position: "absolute",
      top: 0,
      left: 0
    }),
    labelWrapper: prefixStyle({
      display: "flex",
      flexDirection: "row",
      alignItems: "center"
    })
  };
}

export default RatingControl;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


By James W. Fatherree, M.Sc. Sometimes called the disc or mushroom corals, the plate corals are regularly offered to folks in the hobby. Many are brightly colored, or at least neat looking, and they tend to be quite hardy, too. So, plate corals can be great additions to a reef aquarium. Let's take a look at this bunch of stony corals, and go over their basic biology and their care requirements in aquaria. I'll also fill you in on a few other things about them, which are often quite a surprise. Most of the plate corals offered to us belong the genus Fungia, but there are some others that can be found on occasion. Examples of these would be members of the genera Cycloseris and Diaseris, Regardless, without a close examination of their skeletons and some detailed identification information on hand, hobbyists will likely have a difficult time trying to figure out what's what. Luckily, the various plate corals are similar enough that a proper identification (or rather a lack of one) shouldn't really matter though, as they all have the same basic care requirements. You can treat all of them pretty much the same. Also note that there are other types of corals, which still belong to the same family as the plates, including the tongue and slipper corals (like Ctenactis, Herpolitha, and Polyphyllia), but I'm sticking with those that go by the common name plate coral. When it comes to the basics, these corals are actually single polyps that are typically round or close to round and flattened, and they don't form colonies the way many other stony corals do. They also have a single mouth right in the middle that can be seen as a little dent or elongated depression, and many can get relatively large. In fact, some can grow to well over a foot in diameter at full size. However, despite their potential to get big, they still have relatively short tentacles that are often kept out of sight during the day. They can also come in a broad range of colorations from solid pink, to fluorescent orange, to mottled blue and cream, and many things in between.
Some plate corals display outstanding coloration, and as you can also see here, they can also live on hard or soft substrates.
These corals are also free-living as adults, meaning they don't stay attached to anything. However, they're typically attached to hard substrates when they're small, eventually breaking free from whatever they're stuck on when they get big enough. Once detached, they can be found on sandy/soft bottoms, on rubble, on solid bottoms, or even on other corals at times. So, they don't seem to be picky at all when it comes to what they sit on. With that being said, if for some reason a plate coral isn't happy with its location, it'll actually crawl somewhere else. As strange as that might sound, they can move across the substrate under their own power. While they typically don't expand their flesh very much, they can fill themselves with water and blow up sort of like a water balloon when they want to. By expanding some parts of their soft body this way and deflating other parts in the right sequence, aided by the use of some muscles, they can actually move themselves around, albeit at a much slower pace than a snail's.
These are examples of specimens that have produced anthocauli, which are still attached to the skeleton of the deceased parent.
On occasion they'll even climb around on rockwork, too. To add, if they aren't getting enough light, they've been known to climb from the bottom onto rockwork to get themselves higher up (or at least try to). So, don't be surprised if you put a plate coral in one spot and find it in another the next morning. Smaller ones can even flip themselves over if waves or a tumble down a slope ends up turning them upside down. This is obviously an important ability, considering that these corals live unattached and would die the first time they got flipped over if they couldn't fix the situation. I'll also throw in another odd thing about them. They can reproduce in a very unusual way at times, via the production of things called anthocauli. What happens is that a parent coral will actually shrink though a process that's called decalcification and simultaneously produce a number of smaller versions of itself, complete with little skeletons. This typically occurs if a parent coral is injured or stressed, and the new little corals are the anthocauli. Basically it seems that if the parent is in trouble, it will use itself up to make smaller versions of itself, which may have a better chance of surviving. Thus, an occasional plate coral may be covered by temporarily attached miniature versions of itself, which will eventually detach and disperse as they grow.
Here are a few polyp buds, which have dropped down from the edge of a long-tentacle plate that's not in the picture.
Aside from that, plate corals can also reproduce sexually by spawning, spewing out sperm and eggs in to surrounding waters, and can form polyp buds as a second means of asexual reproduction, too. Polyp buds are sort of like anthocauli, except that there is no shrinkage of the parent, and it isn't a reaction to injury/stress. It's the "normal" means of asexual reproduction. Small buds of flesh form on the parent, which grow their own little skeleton, and then are pinched off so they can start life on their own. When it comes to aquarium life, these corals are typically quite hardy and relatively easy to care for. They can thrive under moderate to high intensity lighting, with a low to moderate current passing over them. Currents that are too strong will cause them to stay retracted in their skeletons though, as they won't extend their flesh, so don't overdo it. Water quality should be excellent, as is the case with any corals, and you can put them right on the bottom of a tank, whether it's just bare glass or is covered by sand, gravel, or rubble. Of course, if you choose, they can also be placed on rockwork too, as long as they're in a spot where they won't go crashing down to the bottom from up high if they start to move around, or fall into a crevice in the rocks.
These are skeletons of typical plate corals. It's easy to see that there's not much flesh on these corals, as the skeletal form is still visible when covered by living tissue.
There are a couple of other things to note here, though. Keep in mind that if they get covered up by sand that is moving around in a tank, they do have to expend energy/resources to clear themselves off. By producing copious amounts of mucus, which can be moved across their surfaces by microscopic hair-like cilia, they can transport sediment off themselves, but it's a bad idea to put one in a position where it will constantly have to work to keep itself cleaned off if you have sand in your tank and it gets blown onto the coral regularly. Also, while plate corals don't seem to mind touching other plate corals, and can often be found in huge aggregations in the wild, they generally won't like being touched by other corals. They don't have the tentacles needed to do any fighting at a distance, but in response to any unwanted direct contact they'll typically produce large amounts of toxin-bearing mucus and can actually slather an offending coral to death. So, be sure to keep them from getting too close to other non-plate corals or one of them will likely be injured/killed.
Not all plate corals grab your attention the way fancy ones can, but they're still neat looking and easy to care for corals, nonetheless.
When it comes to feeding, plate corals can capture zooplankton on the reef, but there typically isn't much of that in an aquarium. So, you can give them a little food if you think a plate isn't getting what it needs. There are zooplankton products on the market that can work well for many types of corals, and you can also give them something larger, too. I oftentimes fill up a big needle-less syringe with some brine shrimp or shrimp/clam meat that's been finely chopped and give corals a little squirt of the stuff. In response, plate corals will often open up their mouths and slurp in whatever they catch. You do have to be careful not to overdo it though, lest you negatively affect the water quality. It's a good idea to turn off the pumps and such for a few minutes too, so that any food delivered to one doesn't just get blown away. You should also feed the fishes really well beforehand, or they'll usually try to steal the food given to the corals. Is the addition of such foods required? Maybe, maybe not. I've always given my corals a little food now and then, and haven't tried making them go without, but I'll assume that there are some hobbyists out there right now saying, "I've never fed mine anything and they look great." I'd have to say it probably depends on numerous things, like the lighting, the amount of dissolved nutrients in the tank, the use or lack of a deep sand bed or refugium, the species of coral, it's size, etc. I'd rather not take any chances myself… Now with the basics covered, there's one species of plate corals that is quite distinct for the rest. Instead of having short or no tentacles at all, the long-tentacle plate coral, Heliofungia actiniformis, is covered by so many long tentacles that they can be easily mistaken for an anemone.
The long-tentacle plate coral can easily be mistaken for an anemone, as its tentacles can completely obscure the body and skeleton.
Like the rest of the plate corals, the long-tentacle plate coral is also a relatively large and free-living, with a flattened disc-like skeleton. However, they possess tentacles that are some of the longest of all the stony corals, which can easily obscure the entire body and skeleton. As far as coloration goes, they typically don't come in the wide range of colors that the other plates can come in either, as they're usually brown or green with light-colored tips at the ends of their tentacles, and sometimes have contrasting light-colored stripes on the body, too. Apparently they don't form anthocauli, either, but do produce polyp buds. Long-tentacle plates can also be placed on soft substrate or rubble, but should be given plenty of room, well away from other corals, as the long tentacles are loaded with stinging cells. They'll also need moderate to high intensity lighting, and the presence of the tentacles is likely an indication that they rely on the capture and eating of prey items much more than the other plates do. So, I'd be sure that one of these gets some food from time to time to keep it in top shape. Lastly, I've got some information about shipping and handling. Plates are generally tough corals, but the ridges on the skeleton are very sharp and they can end up cutting a coral's soft flesh if a specimen gets banged around during collection and shipping. So, you need to watch out for any plate coral that has any lacerations/injuries. Bad ones are easy to spot, as the white skeletal material can be seen protruding from the flesh, but smaller injuries won't be so noticeable. So, look close.
Look closely and you can see an area affected by tissue recession at the top right edge of this oblong plate coral. A small portion of the white skeleton is completely exposed.
Another common problem is tissue recession, which can be seen at the edges of a specimen where the flesh is simply gone, leaving some part of the skeleton completely exposed. If the skeleton has been exposed like this, it can often be overgrown by algae, which can be problematic for the coral when it tries to recover. So, again, take a close look, as you might not see the problem so easily. That's about it though, other than obvious breakage or some other serious problem, which would be easy to spot. I would also pass on any long-tentacle plate that doesn't have its tentacles fully expanded. Other than that, keep in mind that the soft tissue is fragile, so a well-expanded plate should be given a little gentle prodding in order to entice it to retract its flesh before lifting one out of water. The same goes for long-tentacle plates, too. Get them to retract their tentacles before picking one up, just to be sure that they don't get injured in the final leg of their journey from the sea to an aquarium. References Borneman, E.H. 2001. Aquarium Corals – Selection, Husbandry, and Natural History. Microcosm/T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, NJ. 464 pp. Veron, J.E.N., 2000. Corals of the World: volume 2. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville. 429pp.


So the time has come for Austin's Atmosphere to expand and re-design its website again. This is the fourth incarnation of Austin's Atmosphere since it was founded back in November 2011. Over the past year I have taken on several new clients in the website design and computer programming industries and am looking to expand the business into my original passion, weather consulting.
The downside of a complete redesign is that it can take a while. That being said, I plan on posting regular updates as I complete the various aspects of the site. The first order of business on this new site will be getting the live weather maps and images up and running. Weather maps were the original purpose of Austin's Atmosphere and thus I intend to make sure that they are the first item to return to this new, redesigned site.
Also in the works is a plan to implement a membership service for Austin's Atmosphere. Members will be able to request personalized weather forecasts, get access to premium weather maps, subscribe to the weekly Atmosphere Analysis newsletter, plus more!
So stay tuned to this blog for further updates, and feel free to leave a comment on any suggestions for how I could improve the Austin's Atmosphere experience.
I genuinely appreciate your interest in working for Austin's Atmosphere! I've sent you a follow-up email regarding the current hiring status. Hope you have a wonderful day and best of luck with your job search!
My name is Michael Leiba, and I hold a B.S. degree in Meteorology from the Florida State University. I am currently employed by the State of Florida, Department of Health, Bureau of Radiation Control as an Environmental Scientist. After viewing your website, atmovantage.com, I am very interested about the possibility of providing my meteorological services to your company from my home in the South Florida area. I would also like to provide to you some more information about myself.
At this time, my short term goals are to work in the field of Meteorology on a part time basis while I work full time as an Environmental Scientist. One of my main areas of interest in Meteorology resulted from 2002 to 2006 when I volunteered at WPBF News Channel 25's Weather Center as a Meteorologist, Weather Producer. While at WPBF, I mainly provided a 5 day weather forecast for the West Palm Beach viewing area, and it was during that time that I was able to utilize the numerical and statistical weather prediction models by the National Weather Service to "fine tune" the weather information to more of a point forecast for the listening area by taking into account various factors such as the geographical situation (specific location of land area to the Atlantic Ocean), 1000 – 500 mb thickness lines, wind speed and wind direction. Another area of my responsibility was to provide a weather forecast through the television station's web site as well as providing a daily forecast for selected cities throughout the country. It was through this latter task, that I was able to gain additional experience in weather forecasting by the determination of certain factors such as how the weather differs from the windward to the leeward side of a mountain range, orographical lifting, and forecasting for areas prone to lake effect snowfall (how it is greatly dependent on wind direction). Some of my other areas of interests include Climatology, Radar Meteorology, and Tropical Meteorology.
In summary, I feel that my passion for the field of Meteorology can prove to be a valuable asset to your company. I can be available on Saturdays, Sundays, and Mondays. I also can be available Tuesdays through Fridays after 6:00 PM (USA)EDT.
Please feel free to contact me for my resume or if you have any further questions. Thank you in advance for your kind attention to this matter.


SMTP server won't allow me to send e-mail!
I have tried ticking the "Require server authentification" box; I ran the black cmd prompt box, and typed in: "telnet mail.optonline.net 25" and it says that port 25 is being blocked.
How do I un-block it so that I can send e-mail again?
Port 25 is blocked by most ISPs.
This is for reasons of spam.
FreePOPs helps you only in receiving messages. To send mail you have to use the SMTP server from your network provider. If you don't know what SMTP to use, try reading the STMP list page on this website (provided by regular users) for a possible answer or check out your ISP website and their tech support.
But having said that, this is more likely a provider problem anyway especially if its only just started.
Never mind! It works again. Thanks anyway, though. I guess it was only blocked temporarily!


It makes it possible to attach the soother to the baby's clothes, preventing it from falling on the floor and getting dirty or lost. The clip, which fastens to baby's clothes, has a ring to attach it to the soother. Very convenient and practical.


text:
John McCarthy, född 4 september 1927 i Boston, Massachusetts, död 24 oktober 2011 i Stanford, Kalifornien, var en amerikansk datavetare och forskare inom artificiell intelligens samt skapare av programmeringsspråket Lisp. Han myntade begreppet "artificial intelligence" och var organisatör för Dartmouth-konferensen 1956.

Se även
 Marvin Minsky
 Claude Shannon
 Nathaniel Rochester

Referenser

Födda 1927
Amerikanska datavetare
Avlidna 2011
Män
Personer från Boston
Personer verksamma vid Stanford University
Kyotopristagare
Alumner från California Institute of Technology
Alumner från Princeton University

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


With only about a year to go before students in most states are scheduled to take new, online assessments aligned to the Common Core State Standards, Technology Counts 2014 takes a look at how districts are taking stock of whether the technology they have on hand will meet their needs. Many schools are now seeing, late in the game, that the gap between what they have and what they need is troubling.
Discover what districts are doing to find the right uses of technology that fit their needs, and means, particularly as it relates to the new common assessment standards.
Technology Counts 2013: Building the Digital District takes a major step in outlining the barriers educators and policymakers are facing, and how they are moving beyond them, in building schools that maximize the use of digital tools to improve student achievement. It also covers the pressures school districts are under to modernize, the high priority being placed on 1-to-1 computing and much more.
Technology Counts 2012: Virtual Shift tackles the shift in the virtual education landscape, where the rise in popularity is intersecting with a call for greater accountability. The report examines the growth of district-based programs designed with more local control in mind, and it tracks state legislative efforts to expand online education while also evaluating its effectiveness. It also covers the critical accountability questions facing virtual education providers, particularly for-profit companies, and issues related to the financial sustainability of state-sponsored e-schools.
Technology Counts 2011 - the 14th edition of Education Week's annual report on educational technology examines how schools are testing individualized learning.
Technology Counts 2010: the 13th edition of Education Week's annual report on educational technology examines how mobile devices are sparking a shift in the ed-tech landscape.
This year's edition of Quality Counts looks at the steps states are taking to turn the ESSA blueprint into a finished structure. The report also features comprehensive, summative grades for the nation and the states on a range of custom indicators developed over the years by the EPE Research Center: the Chance-for-Success Index, the K-12 Achievement Index, and the school finance analysis.
This year's 20th edition of Quality Counts takes a deep look at a welter of issues surrounding educational accountability and how changes are being ushered in. The report also features comprehensive, summative grades for the nation and the states on a range of custom indicators developed over the years by the EPE Research Center: the Chance-for-Success Index, the K-12 Achievement Index, and the school finance analysis.
Quality Counts 2015 takes a broad look at the issues and forces shaping the discussion around early-childhood education. It examines how new academic demands and the push for accountability are changing the nature of early-childhood education for school administrators, teachers, and children alike. The report also features the EPE Research Center's State of the States report card, plus key state indices for K-12 Achievement and School Finance.
Quality Counts 2014: District Disruption & Revival: School systems reshape to compete and improve Districts are remaking themselves in a variety of creative and sometimes unprecedented ways as they seek to cope with fiscal, academic, and social pressures that complicate the job of educating America's students. The 18th annual edition of Quality Counts delves into the forces that are reshaping the traditional school district and the forms that can take. The report features the EPE Research Center's State of the States report card, plus key state indices for K-12 Achievement and School Finance.
Quality Counts 2013: Code of Conduct - Safety, Discipline, and School Climate, the 17th edition of Education Week's annual examination of issues and challenges facing America's public schools, takes aim at an issue with emotional as well as policy implications: the impact of a school's social and disciplinary environment on teaching and learning.
This year's report also features a fresh data and analysis from the EPE Research Center on key education policy indicators, including summative letter grades and scores for the states and for the nation as a whole across all six categories.
Education Week's 16th annual report, Quality Counts 2012: The Global Challenge-Education in a Competitive World, takes a critical look at America's place among the world's public schooling systems and puts to the test popular assumptions about the country's competitive status in education. Quality Counts 2012 examines innovations in high-performing nations that have taken root in the United States, lessons to be drawn from the experiences of other countries, and the promise and risks such strategies hold for U.S. policymakers. As always, the report features the EPE Research Center's State of the States report card, a comprehensive evaluation of the nation and states across six areas of policymaking and performance.
Quality Counts 2011: Uncertain Forecast: Education Adjusts to a New Economic Reality offers insight into the impact of the economy on education. The 15th edition of this benchmark annual report explores lingering concerns about the recovery's pace and stability even as states and school districts seek to rebuild their budgets. This year's report also features a special analysis by the Editorial Projects in Education Research Center, which tracks several key economic indicators over time, unpacks education funding tied to the federal American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, and identifies education-related jobs saved as a result of the economic stimulus package.
Quality Counts 2010 provides you with the nationwide report card on the continual push for K-12 school improvement you have come to rely on. In addition, the special focus of this year's report is the latest interation of the national debate over common academic standards.
Quality Counts 2009 includes a detailed look at how states are tackling the challenge of educating the nation's 5.1 million English-language learners. Topics include: current research, specialized teacher preparation, screening and assessment of English-learners, and ways in which state funding resources and priorities affect programs for English-learners.
Despite the fact that U.S. graduation rates are on the rise, roughly 1 million students a year leave high school without a diploma. Diplomas Count 2013: Second Chances focuses on these students, a group for whom the prospect of landing a good-paying job or earning a post-secondary credential is likely to be dim, and investigates "recovery" interventions that target them.
This portrait is presented in tandem with the latest original graduate-rate analysis from the Editorial Projects in Education Research Center. The research center calculates graduation rates for the nation, the states, and every public school district in the country. Find out where the major gains and losses are, across the country and within special populations.
By 2020, one in four children enrolled in America's K-12 public schoolswill be Latino. Diplomas Count 2012: MovingForward, Falling Behind takes a closer lookat the state of schooling for this population of students, thechallenges they face, and the lessons learned from some of theschools,districts, organizations, and communities that work closelywith Latino students.
This portrait is presented in tandem with the latest originalgraduation-rate analysis from the Editorial Projects in EducationResearch Center. The research center calculates graduation rates forthe nation, the states, and every public school district in thecountry. Find out where the major gains and losses are, across thecountry and within special populations.
The 5th annual edition of Diplomas Count becomes the story of using numbers, data, and statistics to plot a real, practical course of action that will help put students now at risk of dropping out on track to earn diplomas and, if all goes well, to continue their educations in college. The articles featured in this edition include "Data in Action", "Guiding Students On Nontraditional Paths", "District Targets Dropout Figures", "Coaching for Success", and "From Analysis to Action". The Research Center section contains a number of charts and special analyses, including "Progress Postponed," "Graduation-Rates Charts", and "Pinpointing District Performance."


This training teaches managers how to help employees understand subtle sexual harassment. Not all sexual harassment is directed at a specific employee. Examples include overhearing discussion of an offensive topic, inappropriate expectations, or allowing clients to harass employees.
This video training is divided into eleven sections: Introduction, Types of Harassment Rumors, Polluting the atmosphere, Who is Harassing Whom?, A Change of Heart, An Effective Harassment Policy, and Conclusion. The difference between Quid Pro Quo, subtle, and hostile harassment is illustrated. Managers learn how to handle different sexual harassment situations, as well as what their responsibilities are when such situations arise.


text:
Russia Blocks 500 'Pirate' Sites in Four Months, Without a Single Court Order
Last October, Russia passed legislation which allowed rightsholders to have 'pirate' clone and mirror sites blocked by ISPs without the need for court intervention. According to Russia's Deputy Minister of Communications the months since have been extremely busy. A total of 500 sites have been blocked, which is more than the last two years of court-ordered blockades combined.
Once the legal process for blocking pirate sites has been accepted in a region, it usually follows that dozens if not hundreds of other sites are given the same treatment. Rightsholders simply point to earlier decisions and apply for new blockades under established law.
Very quickly, however, it became clear that when a domain is blocked it's relatively easy to produce a clone or 'mirror' of a site to achieve the same purpose, thus circumventing a court order. This mirror site whac-a-mole was addressed in Russia last year with new legislation.
Starting October 1, 2017, Russian authorities allowed rightsholders to add mirror sites to the country's national blocklist without having to return to court. Perhaps unsurprisingly, given the relative convenience and cost-efficiency, they have been doing that en masse.
According to Alexei Volin, Russia's Deputy Minister of Communications and Mass Media, hundreds of mirrors of pirate sites have been blocked since the introduction of the legislation in October, affecting an audience of millions of people.
"For the past few months, we have been able to block mirrors of pirate sites. As of today, we can already note that about 500 sites are blocked as mirrors," said Volin at the CSTB 2018 television and telecommunications expo in Moscow.
While rightsholders were expected to quickly take advantage of the change in the law, the speed at which they have done so is unprecedented. According to Volin, more pirate platforms have been blocked in the four months since October 1, 2017, than in the previous two years' worth of judicial decisions.
"Colleagues from the industry recently found a general audience of blocked sites, it's about 200 million people," Volin said, while describing the results as "encouraging."
The process is indeed quite straightforward. Following a request from a rightsholder, the Ministry of Communications decides whether the site being reported is actually a copy of a previously blocked pirate site. If it is, the owner of the site and telecoms regulator Rozcomnadzor are informed about the situation, while local ISPs are ordered to begin blocking the site.
blocking, Rozcomnadzor, russia
Russia Says its ISPs Currently Block More Than 9,500 Pirate Sites
Russia Plans to Block Pirate Sites Without Trial & De-Anonymize Their Operators
Russia Blocked 8,000 Pirate Sites in 2017, "Visits to Cinemas Up 11%"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Patent application title: DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PROCESSING A RECEIVED ALERT
Inventors: Lonny Baskin (Tsur Hadassah, IL) Ariel Malamud (Jerusalem, IL)
IPC8 Class: AG08B2700FI
USPC Class: 340 751
Class name: Having indication or alarm (e.g., location indication) code responsive (i.e., paging) message presentation
Some demonstrative embodiments include devices, systems and/or methods of processing alerts. For example, a device may include an alert module, operative independent of an operating-system and/or a power mode of the device, to receive an alert message from at least one communication network and to cause at least one user interface of the device to provide to a user of the device an alert indication, which is based on the alert message.
1. A device comprising: an alert module, operative independent of an operating-system of said device, to receive an alert message from at least one communication network, and to cause at least one user interface of said device to provide to a user of said device an alert indication, which is based on said alert message.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein said alert module is operative regardless of a power-mode of said device.
3. The device of claim 2, wherein said alert module is to cause said device to switch to an active power mode based on said alert message.
4. The device of claim 1 comprising at least one communication module to receive said alert message from said at least one communication network, wherein said alert module is to receive said alert message from said communication module.
5. The device of claim 4, wherein said at least one communication module comprises a plurality of communication modules to simultaneously monitor a plurality of communication channels for detecting said alert message.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein said alert indication comprises at least one of an audio indication, a text indication, a graphic indication, a video indication and a sensual indication.
7. The device of claim 1, wherein said alert module is to directly access said user interface to directly cause said user interface to provide said alert indication.
8. The device of claim 1, wherein said alert module comprises hardware.
9. The device of claim 1, wherein said alert module comprises firmware.
10. The device of claim 1, wherein said alert module is to authenticate the alert message.
11. The device of claim 1, wherein said communication network comprises a public data network.
12. The device of claim 1, wherein said device comprises a wireless communication device and said communication network comprises a wireless communication network.
13. The device of claim 1, wherein said alert indication is based on a content of said alert message.
14. The device of claim 1, wherein said alert message comprises an emergency alert message issued by an authorized alerting authority.
15. The device of claim 1, wherein said alert message comprises an alert message of a common-alerting-protocol (CAP).
16. A device comprising: an alert module, operative independent of a power-mode of said device, to receive an alert message from at least one communication network and to cause at least one user interface of said device to provide an alert indication, which is based on said alert message, to a user of said device.
17. The device of claim 16, wherein said alert module is operative independent of an operating-system of said device.
18. The device of claim 16, wherein said alert module is to cause said device to switch to an active power mode based on said alert message.
19. The device of claim 16 comprising at least one communication module to receive said alert message from said at least one communication network, wherein said alert module is to receive said alert message from said communication module.
20. The device of claim 16, wherein said alert module is to directly access said user interface to directly cause said user interface to provide said alert indication.
21. The device of claim 16, wherein said alert module comprises firmware.
22. The device of claim 16, wherein said communication network comprises a public data network.
23. The device of claim 16, wherein said alert message comprises an emergency alert message issued by an authorized alerting authority.
24. A system comprising: a device to receive an emergency alert message issued by an authorized alerting authority over at least one communication network, to authenticate the alert message using at least one authentication certificate corresponding to said alerting authority, and to provide an alert indication, which is based on said alert message, to a user of said device.
25. The system of claim 24, wherein said device is to receive said emergency alert message, to authenticate said alert message and to provide said alert indication regardless of a power-mode of said device.
26. The system of claim 24, wherein said device is to switch to an active power mode based on said alert message.
27. A method comprising: receiving at a device an emergency alert message issued by an authorized alerting authority over at least one communication network; authenticating the alert message using at least one authentication certificate corresponding to said alerting authority; and causing at least one user interface of said device to provide an alert indication, which is based on said alert message, to a user of said device.
28. The method of claim 27 comprising performing said receiving, authenticating and causing independent of at least one of an operating-system of said device and a power-mode of said device.
29. The method of claim 27 comprising powering up one or more elements of said device after receiving said alert message.
30. The method of claim 27 comprising simultaneously monitoring a plurality of communication channels for detecting said alert message.
[0001] An alert and/or warning system ("alert system"), e.g., an Emergency Alert System (EAS), may be configured to provide an alert to one or more recipients, e.g., to the public, to one or more private recipients, to a predefined group of recipients, and the like. The alert may include, for example, an emergency alert, e.g., a national emergency alert, a state emergency alert, a local alert, a territorial alert, a tribal alert, an official emergency alert, and the like. The alert may relate to any situation, event, incident, and the like, e.g., a terrorist attack, a natural disaster, a public safety hazard, and the like.
[0002] The alert may be generated by any entity, e.g., a government entity, a public entity, a private entity, and the like. In one example, the alert may be generated by the U.S. Dept of Homeland Security-Federal Emergency Management Agency (DHS-FEMA).
[0003] The alert system may include, or be implemented as part of, the Integrated Public Alert & Warning System (IPAWS).
[0004] In one example, the IPAWS may include a Commercial Mobile Alert System (CMAS), which may be configured to provide services to emergency operations centers, which in turn may warn the public through geographically targeted messages, e.g., using Commercial Mobile Service Providers (CMSPs).
[0005] The alert system may implement an alert protocol, for example, the Common Alerting Protocol (CAP). The CAP may allow an alert message to be consistently disseminated simultaneously over many warning systems to many applications. The CAP may increase warning effectiveness and/or simplify the task of activating a warning for responsible officials.
[0006] For simplicity and clarity of illustration, elements shown in the figures have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements may be exaggerated relative to other elements for clarity of presentation. Furthermore, reference numerals may be repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements. The figures are listed below.
[0007] FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustration of a system, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.
[0008] FIG. 2 is a schematic flow-chart illustration of a method of processing an alert, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.
[0009] FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an article of manufacture, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.
[0010] In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of some embodiments. However, it will be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art that some embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, units and/or circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the discussion.
[0011] Discussions herein utilizing terms such as, for example, "processing", "computing", "calculating", "determining", "establishing", "analyzing", "checking", or the like, may refer to operation(s) and/or process(es) of a computer, a computing platform, a computing system, or other electronic computing device, that manipulate and/or transform data represented as physical (e.g., electronic) quantities within the computer's registers and/or memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer's registers and/or memories or other information storage medium that may store instructions to perform operations and/or processes.
[0012] The terms "plurality" and "a plurality" as used herein include, for example, "multiple" or "two or more". For example, "a plurality of items" includes two or more items.
[0013] The terms "powering down" and "power down" as used herein with relation to a device, unit, element, module and/or a component may refer, for example, to reducing, diminishing, shutting down, powering off, turning off and/or switching off the electrical current to the device, unit, element, module and/or a component, and/or to switching the device, unit, element, module and/or a component to operate at a sleep mode, a reduced-power mode, a hibernate mode, a stand-by mode and/or any other operation mode which consumes less power than required for full and/or normal operation of the device, unit, element, module and/or a component. For example, powering down a computing device, e.g., a computing device which is configured to receive, handle, decode, authenticate and/or process an alert message, a component of a computing device, one or more hardware (HW) and/or software (SW) components of the computing device, and/or an Operating System (OS) of the computing device may include reducing, diminishing, shutting down, powering off, turning off and/or switching off the electrical current to the computing device, the component of the computing device, the one or more HW and/or software SW components of the computing device, and/or the OS of the computing device; and/or to switching the computing device, the component of the computing device, the one or more HW and/or software SW components of the computing device, and/or the OS of the computing device to operate at a sleep mode, a reduced-power mode, a hibernate mode, a stand-by mode and/or any other operation mode which consumes less power than required for full operation, e.g., for full reception, handling, decoding, authenticating and/or processing the alert message.
[0014] The terms "powering up" and "power up" as used herein with relation to a device, unit, element, module and/or a component may refer, for example, to enhancing, resuming, turning on and/or switching on the electrical current to the device, unit, element, module and/or a component, and/or to switching the device, unit, element, module and/or a component from sleep mode, stand by mode or any other operation mode, which consumes less power than required for full reception and/or normal operation of the device, unit, element, module and/or a component, and/or to switching the device, unit, element, module and/or a component, to operational mode. For example, powering up a computing device, e.g., a computing device which is configured to receive, handle, decode, authenticate and/or process an alert message, a component of a computing device, one or more HW and/or SW components of the computing device, and/or an OS of the computing device may include enhancing, resuming, turning on and/or switching on the electrical current to the computing device, the component of the computing device, the one or more HW and/or software SW components of the computing device, and/or the OS of the computing device; and/or to changing the computing device, the component of the computing device, the one or more HW and/or software SW components of the computing device, and/or the OS of the computing device from sleep mode, a reduced-power mode, a hibernate mode, a stand-by mode and/or any other operation mode which consumes less power than required for full operation, to operational mode, e.g., for full reception, handling, decoding, authenticating and/or processing the alert message.
[0015] Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with various devices and systems capable of processing, handling and/or delivering an alert message, for example, an alerting system, a warning system, devices and/or networks configured to operate as part of an alerting system and/or a warning system, an Integrated Public Alert & Warning System (IPAWS), devices and/or networks of an IPAWS, devices and/or networks operating in accordance with any alerting protocol, specification and/or standard, e.g., the Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) specification (Common Alerting Protocol, v. 1.1, OASIS Standard CAP-V1.1, October 2005), devices and/or networks of a Commercial Mobile Alert System (CMAS), e.g., as defined by US Code of Federal Regulation Title 47, Part 10, CMAS, devices and/or networks of a Personal Localized Alerting Network (PLAN), a Personal Computer (PC), a desktop computer, a mobile computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a server computer, a handheld computer, a handheld device, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) device, a handheld PDA device, an on-board device, an off-board device, a hybrid device, a vehicular device, a non-vehicular device, a mobile or portable device, a consumer device, a non-mobile or non-portable device, a wireless communication station, a wireless communication device, a wired or wireless router, a wired or wireless modem, a video device, an audio device, an audio-video (A/V) device, a Set-Top-Box (STB), a broadcast HD receiver, a video sink, an audio sink, a stereo tuner, a broadcast radio receiver, a flat panel display, a Personal Media Player (PMP), a digital video camera (DVC), a digital audio player, a speaker, an audio receiver, an audio amplifier, a gaming device, a data sink, a Digital Still camera (DSC), a wired or wireless network, a wireless area network, a Wireless Video Area Network (WVAN), a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wireless LAN (WLAN), a Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN) communication system, a Personal Area Network (PAN), a Wireless PAN (WPAN), devices and/or networks operating in accordance with existing IEEE 802.11 standards, e.g., IEEE 802.11 (IEEE 802.11-2007: Standard for Information technology--Telecommunications and information exchange between systems--Local and metropolitan area networks--Specific requirements, Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications--June 2007), IEEE-802.11u (IEEE 802.11u--April 2010--IEEE Standard for Information Technology--Telecommunications and information exchange between systems--Local and Metropolitan networks-specific requirements--Part II: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications: Amendment 7: Interworking with External Networks), and the like ("the 802.11 standards"), IEEE 802.16 standards, e.g., IEEE-Std 802.16, 2004 Edition, Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems, IEEE 802.16d, IEEE 802.16e (IEEE-Std 802.16e, 2005 Edition, Physical and Medium Access Control Layers for Combined Fixed and Mobile Operation in Licensed Bands), and the like ("the 802.16 standards") and/or future versions and/or derivatives thereof, devices and/or networks operating in accordance with existing Wireless-Gigabit-Alliance (WGA) and/or WirelessHD® specifications and/or future versions and/or derivatives thereof, devices and/or networks operating in accordance with existing cellular specifications and/or protocols, e.g., 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE), and/or future versions and/or derivatives thereof, units and/or devices which are part of the above networks, one way and/or two-way radio communication systems, cellular radio-telephone communication systems, a cellular telephone, a wireless telephone, a Personal Communication Systems (PCS) device, a PDA device which incorporates a wireless communication device, a mobile or portable Global Positioning System (GPS) device, a device which incorporates a GPS receiver or transceiver or chip, a device which incorporates an RFID element or chip, a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) transceiver or device, a device having one or more internal antennas and/or external antennas, Digital Video Broadcast (DVB) devices or systems, multi-standard radio devices or systems, a wired or wireless handheld device (e.g., BlackBerry, Palm Treo), a Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) device, or the like.
[0016] Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with one or more types of wired and/or wireless communication signals and/or systems. The wireless communication signals and/or systems may include, for example, Radio Frequency (RF), Infra Red (IR), Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM), Orthogonal FDM (OFDM), Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM), Time-Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Extended TDMA (E-TDMA), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), extended GPRS, Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband CDMA (WCDMA), CDMA 2000, single-carrier CDMA, multi-carrier CDMA, Multi-Carrier Modulation (MDM), Discrete Multi-Tone (DMT), Bluetooth®, Global Positioning System (GPS), Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, ZigBee®, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), 2G, 2.5G, 3G, 3.5G, Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), or the like. Other embodiments may be used in various other wired or wireless devices, systems and/or networks.
[0017] The term "wireless device" as used herein includes, for example, a device capable of wireless communication, a communication device capable of wireless communication, a communication station capable of wireless communication, a portable or non-portable device capable of wireless communication, or the like. In some demonstrative embodiments, a wireless device may be or may include a peripheral that is integrated with a computer, or a peripheral that is attached to a computer. In some demonstrative embodiments, the term "wireless device" may be used to provide a wireless service.
[0018] Reference is now made to FIG. 1, which schematically illustrates a block diagram of a system 100, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.
[0019] In some demonstrative embodiments, system may include, or may be part of, an alert and/or warning system ("alert system"), e.g., an Emergency Alert System (EAS), which may be configured to provide an alert to one or more recipients, e.g., to the public, to one or more private recipients, to a predefined group of recipients, and the like. In one example, system 100 may include, or be implemented as part of, the Integrated Public Alert & Warning System (IPAWS). For example, system 100 may include a Commercial Mobile Alert System (CMAS), which may be configured to provide services to emergency operations centers, which in turn may warn the public through geographically targeted messages, e.g., using Commercial Mobile Service Providers (CMSPs).
[0020] In some demonstrative embodiments, system 100 may include at least one alerting authority 102 capable of generating at least one alert 108, at least one alert transmitter 104 capable of transmitting at least one alert message 119 corresponding to the alert over one or more communication networks 112, and at least one device 106 capable of receiving alert message 119 from at least one communication network 112 and generating an alert indication to at least one user of device 106, e.g., as described in detail below.
[0021] In some demonstrative embodiments, alerting authority 102 may include any entity, e.g., a government entity, a public entity, a private entity, and the like. For example, alerting authority 102 may include the White House, the Police, the FBI, the National Weather Service, the U.S. Dept of Homeland Security-Federal Emergency Management Agency (DHS-FEMA), and the like. In another example, alerting authority 102 may include a private authority and alert 108 may include an alert to one or more recipients associated with the private authority, e.g., one or more subscribers to a service offered by the private authority.
[0022] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert 108 may include, for example, an emergency alert, e.g., a national emergency alert, a state emergency alert, a local alert, a territorial alert, a tribal alert, an official emergency alert, a child abduction alert (AMBER alert), and the like. The alert may relate to any situation, event, incident, and the like, e.g., a terrorist attack, a natural disaster, a public safety hazard, and the like.
[0023] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert message 119 may include an emergency alert message issued by an authorized alerting authority. For example, alert message 119 may include any message that is intended to provide at least one recipient with information regarding an emergency, and that meets the requirements for transmission by a CMSP, e.g., in accordance with the US Code of Federal Regulation Title 47, Part 10, CMAS. In other embodiments, alert message 119 may include any other alert and/or warning message including any other information issued by any other entity and/or having any other format.
[0024] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert message 119 may be formatted according to a predefined alert message format. For example, alert message 119 may include a CAP message according to the CAP specification.
[0025] In some demonstrative embodiments, communication networks 112 may include at least one wired communication network, at least one wireless communication network, and/or any combination thereof. For example, communication networks 112 may include a cellular network, an Internet network, a computer network, a television network, a telephone network, a radio network, a data network, and the like.
[0026] In some demonstrative embodiments, communication networks 112 may include at least one public data network, e.g., the Internet.
[0027] In some demonstrative embodiments, communication networks 112 may include at least one non-public communication network, e.g., a private communication network, an institutional communication network, and the like.
[0028] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert transmitter 104 may include, or may be associated with, one or more antennas to transmit alert message 119 over communication networks 112, e.g., if communication networks 112 include a wireless communication network.
[0029] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert transmitter 104 may include, or may be implemented by, one or more CMSPs, for example, as part of a CMAS. The CMAS may include a voluntary emergency alerting system, e.g., wherein CMSPs may elect to transmit Alert Messages to the public, e.g., in accordance with US Code of Federal Regulation Title 47, Part 10, CMAS.
[0030] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 106 may include or may be included as part of, for example, an electronic device, a computing device, a communication device, a wireless communication device, an electronic device, a circuit, and/or any other device. For example, device 100 may include or may be included as part of a PC, a desktop computer, a mobile computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a netbook, an all-in-one device, a tablet computer, a server computer, a handheld computer, a handheld device, a PDA device, a handheld PDA device, a digital sign, an on-board device, an off-board device, a hybrid device (e.g., combining cellular phone functionalities with PDA device functionalities), a consumer device, a public device, an alerting device, a messaging device, a warning device, a vehicular device, a non-vehicular device, a mobile or portable device, a non-mobile or non-portable device, a cellular telephone, a handset, a PCS device, a PDA device which incorporates a wireless communication device, a mobile or portable GPS device, a DVB device, a relatively small computing device, a non-desktop computer, a "Carry Small Live Large" (CSLL) device, an Ultra Mobile Device (UMD), an Ultra Mobile PC (UMPC), a Mobile Internet Device (MID), an "Origami" device or computing device, a device that supports Dynamically Composable Computing (DCC), a context-aware device, a video device, an audio device, an A/V device, a STB, a BD player, a BD recorder, a DVD player, a HD DVD player, a DVD recorder, a HD DVD recorder, a PVR, a broadcast HD receiver, a video source, an audio source, a video sink, an audio sink, a stereo tuner, a broadcast radio receiver, a flat panel display, a PMP, a DVC, a digital audio player, a speaker, an audio receiver, a gaming device, an audio amplifier, a data source, a data sink, a DSC, a media player, a Smartphone, a television, a music player, an AP, a base station, or the like.
[0031] Some demonstrative embodiments may be implemented to ensure that one or more alerts, e.g., emergency alerts, for example, alert 108, are provided to the public in a rapid, clear and/or reliable manner, for example, as part of an alert system e.g., the IPAWS, and/or any other alerting and/or warning system.
[0032] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 106 may be configured to receive an emergency alert message, e.g., alert message 119, issued by an authorized alerting authority, e.g., alerting authority 102, over at least one communication network, e.g., communication network 112, to authenticate the alert message using at least one embedded authentication certificate corresponding to the alerting authority, and to provide an alert indication, which is based on the alert message, to at least one user of device 106.
[0033] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 106 may be configured to detect, receive, parse, decode, authenticate, handle and/or process alert message 119, for example, within a relatively short time period, e.g., as described in detail below.
[0034] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 106 or one or more components of device 106 may implement a power management scheme to allow device to conserve power, for example, by switching between an active mode of operation and a power-save mode of operation, e.g., an "idle", "hibernate" or "sleep" mode of operation, for example, by selectively powering down device 106 or one or more components of device 106 and/or powering up device 106 or one or more components of device 106.
[0035] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 106 may be configured to detect, receive, parse, decode, authenticate, handle and/or process alert message 119, for example, as long as there is a minimal amount of power provided to device 106, e.g., a power level sufficient for detecting and receiving alert message 119. For example, device 106 may be configured to detect, receive, parse, decode, authenticate, handle and/or process alert message 119, for example, without depending on a power state, a load state and/or a run state of device 106 and/or of a main OS of device 106, e.g., as described in detail below.
[0036] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 106 may include an alert module 116 configured to perform out-of-band and/or direct detection, reception, authentication and processing of alert message 119, e.g., as described in detail below.
[0037] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 106 may include one or more communication modules 120 to monitor, detect and/or receive alert message 119 from one or more communication networks 112. Communication modules 120 may include any wired and/or wireless communication modules. For example, communication modules 120 may include, or may be implemented as part of, one or more embedded communication devices and/or network interface cards (NIC) capable of connecting to communication networks 112 according to any communication technologies, protocols and/or standards. Communication modules 120 may include, for example, one or more wired and/or wireless transmitters, wired and/or wireless receivers and/or transceivers able to send and/or receive wired and/or wireless communication signals, frames, blocks, transmission streams, packets, messages, data items, and/or data. For example, communication modules 120 may include one or more communication modules to communicate over any wireless network, internet network, cellular network, a telephone network, a WiFi network, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WIMAX) network, a LAN, a PAN, a WAN, a WWAN, a WPAN, a WVAN, a WMAN, WLAN, a television network, a cable network, and the like.
[0038] In some demonstrative embodiments, one or more communication modules 120 may include a plurality of communication modules, e.g., configured support a predefined number of multiple concurrent network connections. For example, a redundancy level of device 106 may be increased by communication modules 120 providing a greater number of concurrent connections to communication networks 112, e.g., at any given moment. Accordingly, the increased level of redundancy provided by device 106 may increase the chances that alert message 119 will reach the user of device 106.
[0039] In one non-limiting example, communication modules 120 may include at least one radio module capable of receiving radio signals including alert message 119, e.g., from a radio broadcast network. For example, communication modules 120 may include at least one Hybrid Digital (HD) radio module capable of receiving digital radio signals of a digital radio broadcast via radio communication channel, e.g., via a Frequency Modulation (FM) radio channel, an Amplitude Modulation (AM) radio channel, and the like. Additionally or alternatively, communication modules 120 may include at least one Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) module capable of receiving broadcast digital radio signals in a DAB format, e.g., in accordance with ETSI TS 102 563 V1.1.1 (2007-02): Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB); Transport of Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) audio. Additionally or alternatively, communication modules 120 may include any other radio communication module to receive radio broadcasts of any other format. Implementing at least one radio communication module as part of device 106 may ensure that device 106 may receive alert message 119, for example even when device 106 is not connected to the Internet. Accordingly, the likelihood of device 106 receiving alert message 106 may be increased, for example, due to the longer distance and ease of connection of the radio communication module, e.g., even during an emergency when Internet and/or cellular communication systems may go down.
[0040] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 may receive alert message 119 via one or more communication modules 120.
[0041] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 and communication modules 120 may be implemented as separate elements of device 106. For example, one or more communication modules 120 may receive alert message 119 from one or more communication networks 112, and alert module 116 may receive alert message from communication modules 120. However, in other embodiments alert module 116 may be included and/or implemented as part of at least one of communication modules 120.
[0042] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 106 may include a wireless communication device, communication networks 112 may include at least one wireless communication network, and communication modules 120 may include at least one wireless communication module. In other embodiments, communication networks 112 may include at least one wired communication network or any combination of wired and wireless communication networks, and communication modules 120 may include at least one wired communication module or any combination of wired and wireless communication modules.
[0043] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 106 may also include, for example, one or more of a processor 118, an input unit 122, at least one user interface 130, a memory unit 124, and a storage unit 126. Device 106 may optionally include other hardware components and/or software components. In some demonstrative embodiments, some or all of the components of device 106 may be enclosed in a common housing or packaging, and may be interconnected or operably associated using one or more wired or wireless links. In other embodiments, components of device 106 may be distributed among multiple or separate devices.
[0044] Processor 118 includes, for example, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), one or more processor cores, a single-core processor, a dual-core processor, a multiple-core processor, a microprocessor, a host processor, a controller, a plurality of processors or controllers, a chip, a microchip, one or more circuits, circuitry, a logic unit, an Integrated Circuit (IC), an Application-Specific IC (ASIC), or any other suitable multi-purpose or specific processor or controller.
[0045] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 106 may include at least one OS 128 capable of controlling and/or managing the operation and/or functionality of device 106 and/or interaction between device 106 and the user of device 106. In one example, OS 128 may be implemented by processor 118 executing OS instructions. For example, OS 128 may include a main, primary and/or standard OS (collectively referred to as "main OS") of device 106, e.g., a Windows OS, a Meego OS, an Android OS, an Apple OS, and the like. OS 128 may include, or may be implemented by any OS-residing Application software.
[0046] Input unit 122 includes, for example, a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, a touch-pad, a track-ball, a stylus, a microphone, or other suitable pointing device or input device.
[0047] User interface 130 may include any one or more modules and/or components capable of presenting, providing and/or delivering to one or more users of device 106 an alert corresponding to alert message 119. User interface 130 may, for example, a monitor, a screen, a flat panel display, a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) display unit, a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) display unit, a plasma display unit, one or more audio elements, e.g., speakers or earphones, a vibration element, an onboard resonator, a video element, or other suitable user interface and/or output devices.
[0048] Memory unit 124 includes, for example, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Synchronous DRAM (SD-RAM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, a cache memory, a buffer, a short term memory unit, a long term memory unit, or other suitable memory units. Storage unit 126 includes, for example, a hard disk drive, a floppy disk drive, a Compact Disk (CD) drive, a CD-ROM drive, a DVD drive, or other suitable removable or non-removable storage units. Memory unit 124 and/or storage unit 126, for example, may store data processed by device 106.
[0049] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 may receive alert message 119 from one or more communication networks 112, e.g., via one or more communication modules 120. Alert module 116 and/or communication modules 120 may be configured to detect specific standard alert packet patterns, e.g., according to the CAP. Alert module 116 may power-up one or more elements of device 106, for example, upon detecting alert message 119, e.g., if the one or more elements are currently in a low-power state such as sleep, hibernate, shutdown, and the like. Alert module 116 may parse, authenticate and/or validate alert message 119, and alert module 116 may build and/or format one or more user-deliverable audio, visual and/or sensory alerts, and may relay the sensory alerts to user interface 130, e.g., for immediate user delivery. Alert module 116 may process alert message 119, for example, with no operating system or software application dependencies, e.g., as described in detail below.
[0050] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 may be operative independent of OS 128, to receive alert message 119 from one or more communication networks 112, to authenticate alert message 119, and/or to cause user interface 130 to provide to the user of device 106 an alert indication, which is based on alert message 119, e.g., as described in detail below.
[0051] Accordingly, alert module 116 may allow processing alert message 119, while reducing or eliminating risk of OS-related vulnerabilities, e.g., bugs, virus attacks, user intervention, slow boot time, and the like.
[0052] In some demonstrative embodiments, the alert indication may include at least one of an audio indication, a text indication, a graphic indication, a video indication, a sensual indication, for example, including any indication, e.g., a vibration indication, and/or any other suitable indication to be perceived, sensed and/or noted by the user of device 106.
[0053] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 may be operative independent of a power-mode of device 106. For example, alert module 116 may be operative to receive alert message 119 from one or more communication networks 112, to authenticate alert message 119, and/or to cause user interface 130 to provide to the user of device 106 the alert indication, for example, even if device 106 and/or OS 128 are at a non-active mode of operation, a power-save mode of operation, an "idle" mode of operation or a "sleep" mode of operation, e.g., as described in detail below.
[0054] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 may be configured to cause device 106 and/or OS 128 to switch to an active power mode, for example, based on alert message 119, e.g., upon detecting, receiving and/or authenticating alert message 119.
[0055] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 may be configured to directly access user interface 130 and to directly cause user interface 130 to provide the alert indication, e.g., as described below.
[0056] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 may include, for example, a HW alert module implemented using any HW components, a firmware alert module implemented using any firmware components, or an alert module implemented using any combination of HW and firmware components, e.g., as described below.
[0057] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 may be implemented as a single common firmware image residing on device 106, as a separate embedded firmware image residing on device 106 and communication modules 120, or as any combination thereof.
[0058] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 may be implemented by a firmware image running on a main processor of device 106, e.g., processor 118, which may be configured to support low-power operations.
[0059] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 may be implemented by a firmware image running on at least one dedicated processor and/or co-processor, e.g., other than processor 118, which may have a power state, which is independent of a power state of processor 118.
[0060] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 106 may include a common firmware module capable of serving as both a communications driver, e.g., performing the functionality of at least one communication module 120, and an alert-processing driver, e.g., performing at least part of the functionality of alert module 116. Optionally, device 106 may also include a HW module to perform another part of the functionality of alert module 116.
[0061] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 may be implemented by firmware ("alert module firmware"), which may be configured to operate independent of OS 128 and/or application software of any application executed by device 106.
[0062] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 may optionally use one or more resources of OS 128 and/or the application software, e.g., if such resources are available and running, for example, in order to reduce the time required to deliver the alert indication to the user of device 106. For example, alert module 116 may use one or more resources of OS 128 and/or the application software as in-band vehicles for best-effort delivery of the alert indication. Even though alert module 116 may be configured utilize the resources of OS 128 and/or the application software, alert module 116 may be capable of processing alert message 119, without depending on the availability and/or reliability of OS 128 and/or the application software.
[0063] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 may include, or may be associated with a non-volatile memory, e.g., a firmware non-volatile memory of the alert module firmware, to store configurable parameters and/or data for processing alert message 119, e.g., packet patterns used to detect standard emergency alerts, digital certificates used to authenticate alert messages, and the like.
[0064] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 may be configured to optionally power up one or more elements of device 106, e.g., OS 128, processor 118, user interface 130 and/or any other element of device 106, for example, if the one or more elements of device 106 are at a reduced-power mode. For example, alert module 116 may be configured to power up the one or more elements of device 106 to perform any required processing of alert message 119 and/or for providing the alert indication to the user of device 106.
[0065] In some demonstrative embodiments, a device, e.g., device 106, including an alert module, e.g., alert module 116, which is configured to process an emergency alert, e.g., alert message 119, independently of an OS of the device, e.g., OS 128, may obviate a need for running the OS of the device in order to receive, authenticate and/or deliver the emergency alert. As a result, precious, life-saving time may be gained, e.g., during critical emergencies where time is of the essence and measured in milliseconds. For example, earthquake and tsunami advanced warning systems may provide less than 20 seconds notification before strike and, accordingly, it may be desired to deliver the alert indication as quick as possible.
[0066] Reference is now made to FIG. 2, which schematically illustrates a method of processing an alert, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. In some embodiments, one or more of the operations of the method of FIG. 2 may be performed by a device, e.g., device 106 (FIG. 1); and/or an alert module, e.g., alert module 116 (FIG. 1), to process at least one alert message, e.g., alert message 119 (FIG. 1).
[0067] As indicated at block 202, the method may include receiving a data packet via at least one communication network. For example, one or more communication modules 120 (FIG. 1) may receive one or more data packets over one or more communication networks 112 (FIG. 1).
[0068] As indicated at block 204, the method may include detecting whether or not a received packet includes an alert message. The alert message may include an emergency alert message issued by an authorized alerting authority, e.g., as described above. For example, communication modules 120 (FIG. 1) may be configured to detect one or more predefined specific standard alert packet patterns, e.g., a CAP pattern, and the like.
[0069] Communication modules 120 (FIG. 1) may detect an alert message, e.g., alert message 119 (FIG. 1), for example, while device 106 (FIG. 1) is either in a low power state or running on full power. For example, communication modules 120 (FIG. 1) may be operative in the low-power state to listen-in on communication networks 112 (FIG. 1), and to detect alert message 119 (FIG. 1). In one example, communication modules 120 (FIG. 1) may utilize a WakeOnLAN or WakeOnWirelessLAN mechanism to receive and/or detect alert message 119 (FIG. 1).
[0070] As indicated at block 218, the method may include powering up one or more device elements, e.g., after detecting the alert message. The one or more elements may include a processor, e.g., device 118 (FIG. 1), an OS, e.g., OS 128 (FIG. 1), one or more applications, one or more HW elements, and the like. For example, alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may trigger a wake action to power-up OS 128 (FIG. 1), processor 118 (FIG. 1) and/or any other elements of device 106 (FIG. 1).
[0071] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may power-up the one or more elements of device 106 (FIG. 1) upon detecting alert message 119 (FIG. 1). Alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may defer the powering-up of some or all of the elements to one or more later stages of processing alert message 119 (FIG. 1), e.g., after authenticating alert message 119 (FIG. 1) and/or after determining an alert indication corresponding to alert message 119 (FIG. 1), e.g., as described below.
[0072] The timing of powering up the one or more elements of device 106 (FIG. 1) may be configured such that an element of device 106 may be already operating, e.g., at full power or partial power, when required to process and/or handle alert message 119 (FIG. 1). The timing of powering up the one or more elements of device 106 (FIG. 1) may also be based, for example, on a power-up period required for the element to power-up from a low power state to a partial or full power state. For example, alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may be configured to power-up a first set of one or more elements of device 106 (FIG. 1), e.g., OS 128 (FIG. 1) and/or processor 118 (FIG. 1), at a first timing, e.g., upon detecting alert message 119 (FIG. 1); and to power-up a second set of one or more elements of device 106 (FIG. 1), e.g., user interface 130 (FIG. 1), at a second, different, timing, e.g., upon authenticating alert message 119 (FIG. 1) or upon alert indication corresponding to alert message 119 (FIG. 1).
[0073] Powering up the one or more elements of device 106 (FIG. 1) may enable reducing the time period between detecting alert message 119 (FIG. 1) and delivering the alert indication to the user of device 106 (FIG. 1).
[0074] As indicated at block 206, the method may include parsing and/or analyzing the alert message. For example, alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may parse and/or analyze alert message 119 (FIG. 1), e.g., utilizing predefined packet patterns to validate alert message 119 (FIG. 1).
[0075] As indicated at block 208, the method may include authenticating the alert message. For example, alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may authenticate whether or not alert message 119 (FIG. 1) is genuine. Alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may utilize, for example, one or more embedded certificates to authenticate a signature of alert message 119 (FIG. 1) and/or to decrypt the contents of alert message 119 (FIG. 1). For example, alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may authenticate alert message 119 (FIG. 1) using at least one embedded authentication certificate corresponding to alerting authority 102 (FIG. 1), e.g., as described above.
[0076] As indicated at block 210, the method may include determining whether or not the received alert message is valid, for example, based on whether or not the alert message is successfully authenticated.
[0077] In some demonstrative embodiments, the method may include powering up one or more device elements, for example, if the alert message is successfully authenticated, e.g., as described above with reference to block 218.
[0078] As indicated at block 216, the method may include discarding the received packet, for example, if an alert message is not detected in the received packet, or if authentication of the alert message fails.
[0079] As indicated at block 212, the method may include defining a user-deliverable alert indication to be provided to a user of the device. For example, alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may extract pertinent alert information from alert message 119 (FIG. 1), e.g., including parameters defining alert information to be provided to the user, parameters defining the alert indication to be provided to the user, and the like. Alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may define a user-deliverable alert indication based on the extracted alert information. For example, the alert indication may be defined to include one or more of text, graphics, audio, video and/or sensory indication and/or message.
[0080] In some demonstrative embodiments, the alert indication may be based on the content of alert message 119 (FIG. 1). For example, alert message 119 (FIG. 1) may include predefined alert content, e.g., in the form of text, graphics, video and/or audio, and alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may define the alert indication to include the predefined alert content. For example, the predefined alert content may include a predefined alert message, e.g., "hurricane alert", "earthquake alert", and the like.
[0081] In some demonstrative embodiments, the method may include powering up one or more device elements, for example, after defining the alert indication, e.g., as described above with reference to block 218. For example, alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may power-up user interface 130 (FIG. 1) to be used for delivering the alert indication.
[0082] As indicated at block 214, the method may include delivering the alert indication to a user of the device. For example, alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may cause at least one user interface 130 (FIG. 1) to deliver the alert indication to at least one user of device 106 (FIG. 1). For example, alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may define the alert indication in a format suitable for delivery by user interface 130 (FIG. 1) and may propagate the alert indication to user interface 130 (FIG. 1) for final delivery. The delivery of the alert indication may be performed, for example, at a full power, pre-OS boot stage.
[0083] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may have a direct hardware access to user interface 130 (FIG. 1) enabling alert module 116 (FIG. 1) to directly control user interface 130 (FIG. 1) to deliver the alert indication, e.g., immediately or within a short delay. In one non-limiting example, user interface 130 (FIG. 1) may include a display and alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may utilize a Management Engine (ME), for example, in the form of a direct ME-to-Graphics controller path to include the alert indication as part of a graphic overlay ("SPRITE") that is drawn directly to the display.
[0084] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 (FIG. 1) my utilize the direct hardware access to cause user interface 130 (FIG. 1) to deliver the alert indication, for example, even if device 106 (FIG. 1), OS 128 (FIG. 1) and/or user interface 130 (FIG. 1) are not operating at full power level. Alternatively, alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may choose to defer the delivery of the alert indication, e.g., until OS 128 (FIG. 1) is capable of controlling user interface 130 (FIG. 1) to deliver the alert indication.
[0085] In some demonstrative embodiments, alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may be configured to process the delivery of the alert indication at an out of band operation, e.g., independently from, and/or without relying on, OS 128 (FIG. 1), for example, in order to save processing time and/or to increase the time the user of device 106 has to respond to the alert indication. In one non-limiting example, alert module 116 (FIG. 1) may utilize an out-of-band mechanism similar to the Intel Advanced Management Technology (AMT).
[0086] Reference is made to FIG. 3, which schematically illustrates an article of manufacture 300, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. Article 300 may include a machine-readable storage medium 302 to store logic 304, which may be used, for example, to perform at least part of the functionality of alert module 116 (FIG. 1), and/or to perform one or more operations of the method of FIG. 2.
[0087] In some demonstrative embodiments, article 300 and/or machine-readable storage medium 302 may include one or more types of computer-readable storage media capable of storing data, including volatile memory, non-volatile memory, removable or non-removable memory, erasable or non-erasable memory, writeable or re-writeable memory, and the like. For example, machine-readable storage medium 302 may include, RAM, DRAM, Double-Data-Rate DRAM (DDR-DRAM), SDRAM, static RAM (SRAM), ROM, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), Compact Disk ROM (CD-ROM), Compact Disk Recordable (CD-R), Compact Disk Rewriteable (CD-RW), flash memory (e.g., NOR or NAND flash memory), content addressable memory (CAM), polymer memory, phase-change memory, ferroelectric memory, silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) memory, a disk, a floppy disk, a hard drive, an optical disk, a magnetic disk, a card, a magnetic card, an optical card, a tape, a cassette, and the like. The computer-readable storage media may include any suitable media involved with downloading or transferring a computer program from a remote computer to a requesting computer carried by data signals embodied in a carrier wave or other propagation medium through a communication link, e.g., a modem, radio or network connection.
[0088] In some demonstrative embodiments, logic 304 may include instructions, data, and/or code, which, if executed by a machine, may cause the machine to perform a method, process and/or operations as described herein. The machine may include, for example, any suitable processing platform, computing platform, computing device, processing device, computing system, processing system, computer, processor, or the like, and may be implemented using any suitable combination of hardware, software, firmware, and the like.
[0089] In some demonstrative embodiments, logic 304 may include, or may be implemented as, software, a software module, an application, a program, a subroutine, instructions, an instruction set, computing code, words, values, symbols, and the like. The instructions may include any suitable type of code, such as source code, compiled code, interpreted code, executable code, static code, dynamic code, and the like. The instructions may be implemented according to a predefined computer language, manner or syntax, for instructing a processor to perform a certain function. The instructions may be implemented using any suitable high-level, low-level, object-oriented, visual, compiled and/or interpreted programming language, such as C, C++, Java, BASIC, Matlab, Pascal, Visual BASIC, assembly language, machine code, and the like.
[0090] Functions, operations, components and/or features described herein with reference to one or more embodiments, may be combined with, or may be utilized in combination with, one or more other functions, operations, components and/or features described herein with reference to one or more other embodiments, or vice versa.
[0091] While certain features of the invention have been illustrated and described herein, many modifications, substitutions, changes, and equivalents may occur to those skilled in the art. It is, therefore, to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes as fall within the true spirit of the invention.
Patent applications by Ariel Malamud, Jerusalem IL
Patent applications by Lonny Baskin, Tsur Hadassah IL
Patent applications in class Message presentation
Patent applications in all subclasses Message presentation
2011-09-29 Method for processing received event message
2012-12-27 Device and signal processing method thereof
2013-11-07 Lock system, in particular for a motor vehicle
2011-06-16 Sheet-of-paper processing device
2011-09-22 Device, system and method for tracking mobile assets
2014-10-23 Processing alert signals from positioning devices
2014-05-01 Determining the state of a garage door using vehicle sensors
2014-04-03 Mass notification system
2014-03-20 Method and system for alerting an owner of a lost animal
2013-12-26 System and method for manually pushing reminders on pending events
2015-10-01 Managing location profiles for personal area maps
2014-03-27 Personalized proximity communication
2014-03-20 Personal area mapping
Top Inventors for class "Communications: electrical"
1 Lowell L. Wood, Jr.
2 Roderick A. Hyde
3 Juan Manuel Cruz-Hernandez
4 John R. Tuttle
5 Jordin T. Kare


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