text:
/***********************************************************************************************************************************
Test Error Handling
***********************************************************************************************************************************/
#include <assert.h>

#include "common/harnessFork.h"

/***********************************************************************************************************************************
Declare some error locally because real errors won't work for some tests -- they could also break as errors change
***********************************************************************************************************************************/
ERROR_DECLARE(TestParent1Error);
ERROR_DECLARE(TestParent2Error);
ERROR_DECLARE(TestChildError);

ERROR_DEFINE(101, TestParent1Error, TestParent1Error);
ERROR_DEFINE(102, TestParent2Error, TestParent1Error);
ERROR_DEFINE(200, TestChildError, TestParent2Error);

/***********************************************************************************************************************************
testTryRecurse - test to blow up try stack
***********************************************************************************************************************************/
static volatile int testTryRecurseTotal = 0;
static bool testTryRecurseCatch = false;
static bool testTryRecurseFinally = false;

static void
testTryRecurse(void)
{
    TRY_BEGIN()
    {
        testTryRecurseTotal++;
        assert(errorContext.tryTotal == testTryRecurseTotal + 1);

        testTryRecurse();
    }
    CATCH(MemoryError)
    {
        testTryRecurseCatch = true;                                 // {uncoverable - catch should never be executed}
    }
    FINALLY()
    {
        testTryRecurseFinally = true;
    }
    TRY_END();
}                                                                   // {uncoverable - function throws error, never returns}

/***********************************************************************************************************************************
Test error handler
***********************************************************************************************************************************/
static unsigned int testErrorHandlerTryDepth;

static void
testErrorHandler(unsigned int tryDepth)
{
    testErrorHandlerTryDepth = tryDepth;
}

/***********************************************************************************************************************************
Test Run
***********************************************************************************************************************************/
static void
testRun(void)
{
    FUNCTION_HARNESS_VOID();

    // *****************************************************************************************************************************
    if (testBegin("check that try stack is initialized correctly"))
    {
        assert(errorContext.tryTotal == 0);
    }

    // *****************************************************************************************************************************
    if (testBegin("errorTypeExtends"))
    {
        assert(errorTypeExtends(&TestParent1Error, &TestParent1Error));
        assert(errorTypeExtends(&TestChildError, &TestParent1Error));
        assert(errorTypeExtends(&TestChildError, &TestParent2Error));
        assert(!errorTypeExtends(&TestChildError, &TestChildError));
    }

    // *****************************************************************************************************************************
    if (testBegin("TRY with no errors"))
    {
        volatile bool tryDone = false;
        bool catchDone = false;
        bool finallyDone = false;

        TRY_BEGIN()
        {
            assert(errorContext.tryTotal == 1);
            tryDone = true;
        }
        CATCH_ANY()
        {
            catchDone = true;                                       // {uncoverable - catch should never be executed}
        }
        FINALLY()
        {
            assert(errorContext.tryList[1].state == errorStateTry);
            finallyDone = true;
        }
        TRY_END();

        assert(tryDone);
        assert(!catchDone);
        assert(finallyDone);
        assert(errorContext.tryTotal == 0);
    }

    // *****************************************************************************************************************************
    if (testBegin("errorInternalThrow()"))
    {
        TEST_TITLE("specify all parameters");

        TRY_BEGIN()
        {
            errorInternalThrow(&FormatError, "file77", "function88", 99, "message100", "stacktrace200");
        }
        CATCH_ANY()
        {
            assert(errorType() == &FormatError);
        }
        TRY_END();
    }

    // *****************************************************************************************************************************
    if (testBegin("TRY with multiple catches"))
    {
        volatile bool tryDone = false;
        volatile bool catchDone = false;
        volatile bool finallyDone = false;

        // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        TEST_TITLE("set error handler");

        static const ErrorHandlerFunction testErrorHandlerList[] = {testErrorHandler};
        errorHandlerSet(testErrorHandlerList, sizeof(testErrorHandlerList) / sizeof(ErrorHandlerFunction));

        assert(errorContext.handlerList[0] == testErrorHandler);
        assert(errorContext.handlerTotal == 1);

        // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        assert(errorTryDepth() == 0);

        TRY_BEGIN()
        {
            assert(errorTryDepth() == 1);

            TRY_BEGIN()
            {
                assert(errorTryDepth() == 2);

                TRY_BEGIN()
                {
                    assert(errorTryDepth() == 3);

                    TRY_BEGIN()
                    {
                        assert(errorTryDepth() == 4);
                        tryDone = true;

                        char bigMessage[sizeof(messageBuffer) + 128];
                        memset(bigMessage, 'A', sizeof(bigMessage));

                        THROW(AssertError, bigMessage);
                    }
                    TRY_END();
                }
                CATCH(AssertError)
                {
                    assert(testErrorHandlerTryDepth == 3);

                    // Finally below should run even though this error has been rethrown
                    RETHROW();
                }
                FINALLY()
                {
                    finallyDone = true;
                }
                TRY_END();
            }
            CATCH_ANY()
            {
                assert(testErrorHandlerTryDepth == 2);

                RETHROW();
            }
            TRY_END();
        }
        CATCH(MemoryError)
        {
            assert(false);                                              // {uncoverable - catch should never be executed}
        }
        CATCH(RuntimeError)
        {
            assert(testErrorHandlerTryDepth == 1);
            assert(errorTryDepth() == 1);
            assert(errorContext.tryList[1].state == errorStateEnd);
            assert(strlen(errorMessage()) == sizeof(messageBuffer) - 1);

            catchDone = true;
        }
        TRY_END();

        assert(errorTryDepth() == 0);
        assert(memcmp(&errorContext.error, &(Error){0}, sizeof(Error)) == 0);

        assert(tryDone);
        assert(catchDone);
        assert(finallyDone);
        assert(errorContext.tryTotal == 0);
    }

    // *****************************************************************************************************************************
    if (testBegin("too deep recursive TRY_ERROR()"))
    {
        volatile bool tryDone = false;
        bool catchDone = false;
        bool finallyDone = false;

        TRY_BEGIN()
        {
            tryDone = true;
            testTryRecurse();
        }
        CATCH(AssertError)
        {
            assert(errorCode() == AssertError.code);
            assert(strcmp(errorFileName(), TEST_PGB_PATH "/test/src/module/common/errorTest.c") == 0);
            assert(strcmp(errorFunctionName(), "testTryRecurse") == 0);
            assert(errorFileLine() == 29);
            assert(
                strcmp(
                    errorStackTrace(),
                    TEST_PGB_PATH "/test/src/module/common/errorTest.c:testTryRecurse:29:(test build required for parameters)")
                == 0);
            assert(strcmp(errorMessage(), "too many nested try blocks") == 0);
            assert(strcmp(errorName(), AssertError.name) == 0);
            assert(errorType() == &AssertError);
            assert(errorTypeCode(errorType()) == AssertError.code);
            assert(strcmp(errorTypeName(errorType()), AssertError.name) == 0);

            catchDone = true;
        }
        FINALLY()
        {
            finallyDone = true;
        }
        TRY_END();

        assert(memcmp(&errorContext.error, &(Error){0}, sizeof(Error)) == 0);

        assert(tryDone);
        assert(catchDone);
        assert(finallyDone);
        assert(errorContext.tryTotal == 0);

        // This is only ERROR_TRY_MAX - 1 because one try was used up by the wrapper above the recursive function
        assert(testTryRecurseTotal == ERROR_TRY_MAX - 1);
        assert(!testTryRecurseCatch);
        assert(testTryRecurseFinally);
    }

    // *****************************************************************************************************************************
    if (testBegin("THROW_CODE() and THROW_CODE_FMT()"))
    {
        TRY_BEGIN()
        {
            THROW_CODE(25, "message");
        }
        CATCH_ANY()
        {
            assert(errorCode() == 25);
            assert(strcmp(errorMessage(), "message") == 0);
        }
        TRY_END();

        // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        TRY_BEGIN()
        {
            THROW_CODE_FMT(122, "message %d", 1);
        }
        CATCH_ANY()
        {
            assert(errorCode() == 122);
            assert(strcmp(errorMessage(), "message 1") == 0);
        }
        TRY_END();

        // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        TRY_BEGIN()
        {
            THROW_CODE(777, "message");
        }
        CATCH_ANY()
        {
            assert(errorCode() == UnknownError.code);
            assert(strcmp(errorMessage(), "message") == 0);
        }
        TRY_END();
    }

    // *****************************************************************************************************************************
    if (testBegin("THROW_SYS_ERROR() and THROW_SYS_ERROR_FMT()"))
    {
        THROW_ON_SYS_ERROR(false, AssertError, "no error");
        THROW_ON_SYS_ERROR_FMT(false, AssertError, "no error");

        TRY_BEGIN()
        {
            errno = E2BIG;
            THROW_ON_SYS_ERROR(true, AssertError, "message");
        }
        CATCH_ANY()
        {
            printf("%s\n", errorMessage());
            assert(errorCode() == AssertError.code);
            assert(strcmp(errorMessage(), "message: [7] Argument list too long") == 0);
        }
        TRY_END();

        // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        TRY_BEGIN()
        {
            errno = 0;
            THROW_ON_SYS_ERROR_FMT(true, AssertError, "message %d", 77);
        }
        CATCH_ANY()
        {
            printf("%s\n", errorMessage());
            assert(errorCode() == AssertError.code);
            assert(strcmp(errorMessage(), "message 77") == 0);
        }
        TRY_END();

        // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        TRY_BEGIN()
        {
            errno = E2BIG;
            THROW_ON_SYS_ERROR_FMT(true, AssertError, "message %d", 77);
        }
        CATCH_ANY()
        {
            printf("%s\n", errorMessage());
            assert(errorCode() == AssertError.code);
            assert(strcmp(errorMessage(), "message 77: [7] Argument list too long") == 0);
        }
        TRY_END();

        // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        TRY_BEGIN()
        {
            errno = 0;
            THROW_SYS_ERROR(AssertError, "message");
        }
        CATCH_ANY()
        {
            printf("%s\n", errorMessage());
            assert(errorCode() == AssertError.code);
            assert(strcmp(errorMessage(), "message") == 0);
        }
        TRY_END();

        // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        TRY_BEGIN()
        {
            errno = EIO;
            THROW_SYS_ERROR_FMT(AssertError, "message %d", 1);
        }
        CATCH_ANY()
        {
            printf("%s\n", errorMessage());
            assert(errorCode() == AssertError.code);
            assert(strcmp(errorMessage(), "message 1: [5] Input/output error") == 0);
        }
        TRY_END();

        // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        TRY_BEGIN()
        {
            errno = 0;
            THROW_SYS_ERROR_FMT(AssertError, "message %d", 1);
        }
        CATCH_ANY()
        {
            printf("%s\n", errorMessage());
            assert(errorCode() == AssertError.code);
            assert(strcmp(errorMessage(), "message 1") == 0);
        }
        TRY_END();
    }

    // *****************************************************************************************************************************
    if (testBegin("Uncaught error"))
    {
        // Test in a fork so the process does not actually exit
        HRN_FORK_BEGIN()
        {
            HRN_FORK_CHILD_BEGIN(.expectedExitStatus = UnhandledError.code)
            {
                THROW(TestChildError, "does not get caught!");
            }
            HRN_FORK_CHILD_END();
        }
        HRN_FORK_END();
    }

    FUNCTION_HARNESS_RETURN_VOID();
}


The mission of the Intellectual Virtues Academy is to foster meaningful growth in those personal qualities essential to thinking well by creating an academic environment that is thoughtful, challenging, and supportive. I welcome you to learn about the Academy, and to rethink the exciting possibilities of a rigorous and contemplative 21st Century curriculum.
The hallmark of the Academy classroom experience is student engagement: we care not just about what each of our students accomplish, but also how they do so. Colleges and employers are increasingly seeking individuals who can think well: critically, creatively, and with the capacity for self-growth. We know that growth in such intellectual virtues requires an encouraging, supportive environment. At the Academy, there are smaller class sizes, smaller school environment, and more school counselors per student than many private schools.
We also are well aware of the research that demonstrates that no other in school factor is more important to our students' success than great teachers, and thus we are proud of our faculty that has demonstrated such success in their teaching careers prior to joining the Academy, including most of whom who have taught at the college and university level. They are well poised to implement a college preparatory curriculum and take advantage of the Academy's many university research partnerships.
High school is also a place where one should be able to look back on as a positive and enriching time in their lives. Unlike other large high school options where such opportunities are limited because of the competition of thousands of other students for limited spots, at the Academy, students are limited by only their interest. We encourage our students to make their mark, and build a legacy for future Academy students to enjoy. Our students are partners in the process of building a school, a creative opportunity few others will experience in their academic lives.


To develop Delicious Candy, we crossed two of the best commercial genetics: Delicious, a unique female derived from SKUNK x KUSH which first appeared 1988-89 and which was cultivated somewhere in the Chiltern Hills by the squatter collective known as Exodus that was central to UK cannabis-related activity throughout the 90s. Its other parent is our own Caramelo, which is a spectacular selection of the best exotic LAVENDER Indica and Sativa phenotypes (SUPER SKUNK – BIG SKUNK KOREAN – AFGHANI-HAWAIIAN).
The result is an explosive strain on a number of different levels. The plants produce large branches with a large quantity of lateral shoots laden with buds. The calyx/leaf ratio is very good, making it very easy to manicure as well as keeping the buds better ventilated than other indicas with more foliage which means that it's also more resistant to fungal diseases. The buds are covered in thousands of large glandular trichomes filled with a unique sweet cheese fragrance. The taste has an acrid backnote, like yeast or cheese, with hints of liquorice and caramel.Delicious Candy will transport you to an initial euphoric state without being too cerebral which, as the minutes pass, will become very relaxing and pleasurable. It's very suitable for prolonged medicinal usage as its effect will enable you to get stuff done during the day although it might be a bit too narcotic for nighttime use or for states of relaxation.


text:
The Diocese of Gospić–Senj (; ) is a diocese located in the cities of Gospić and Senj in the Ecclesiastical province of Rijeka in Croatia.

History
 May 25, 2000: Established as Diocese of Gospić – Senj from the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Rijeka–Senj

Special churches
Minor Basilicas:
 BVM Mother of Grace, Trsat, Primorje-Gorski Kotar
Former Cathedral:
 Katedrala Navijestenja Blažene Djevice Marije, Pićan, Istria(Cathedral of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary)
 Katedrala sv. Križ, Nin, Zadar(Cathedral of the Holy Cross)
 Katedrala sv. Marija, Osor, Primorje-Gorski Kotar (Cathedral of St. Mary)
 Katedrala sv. Marka, Modruš, Karlovac(Cathedral of St. Mark)
 Katedrala sv. Markova, Korčula, Dubrovnik-Neretva(Cathedral of St. Mark)
 Katedrala Uznesenja Blažene Djevice Marije, Rab, Primorje-Gorski Kotar(Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary)

Leadership
 Bishops of Gospić–Senj (Roman rite)
 Bishop Mile Bogović (May 25, 2000 - April 4, 2016)
 Bishop Zdenko Križić, O.C.D. (April 4, 2016 – Present)

See also
Roman Catholicism in Croatia

Sources
 GCatholic.org
 Catholic Hierarchy
  Diocese website

Roman Catholic dioceses in Croatia
Christian organizations established in 2000
Roman Catholic dioceses and prelatures established in the 20th century
Gospić
Senj

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Objective: This article describes family stigma, which is defined as the prejudice and discrimination experienced by individuals through associations with their relatives. Methods: The authors describe family stigma and present current research related to mental illness stigma experienced by family members. Research indicates this type of stigma negatively impacts family members and relatives with mental illness. Results: The authors also present strategies to eliminate stigma and discuss implications for the training goals of psychiatrists throughout the text. Conclusion: The authors end this article with recommendations for psychiatry training goals.


Feel the Sharpness of Emotions of a Plain Blunt man; Enjoy the Colours in a Monochrome!
That friend I never thought would be!
An early summer morning... I still clearly remember the fight that marked the beginning of our friendship;the one that brought two strangers close! And fortunately, it still goes on, to the eternity!
The paradox that it is!
Ayush Saini on Yes, I have changed!
Chandni Asnani on Yes, I have changed!


text:
What are agents?
Designing agents
Agent-based manufacturing
Production 2000+
Control architecture
Control algorithm
P2000+ publications
The agent-based control system of Production 2000+ has been a great success from a technical and technological point of view. It has performed well in industrial practice and it has lived up to all its technical promises!
In spite of the very successful deployment of the prototype, however, Daimler has not installed a second P2000+ system. At first glance, this seems to be a contradiction. In the following, we will analyze why this is actually no contradiction at all (cf. [Schild 2007]).
A successfully deployed agent application
The performance test in 1999 already showed that the agent-based control system is able to constantly handle a heavy production load and that in doing so it achieves a much better performance than transfer lines (about 20% higher throughput). These findings were confirmed in the day-to-day operation of the prototype over the following five years. The prototype was operated as part of the normal production and performed its job without any major complaints.
Moreover, the prototype was able to demonstrate that it is truly able to process different products on the same line in a flexible manner. Several times different products had to be processed by the prototype in order to reduce a shortage of these parts on other manufacturing lines.
From a technical point of view, the prototype has thus demonstrated two important points:
Agent technology can fulfill the requirements of an industrial process in day-to-day operation.
Agent technology provides the promised robustness and flexibility.
But no wide-spread adoption within Daimler
On the other hand, P2000+ has not experienced a wide-spread adoption within Daimler. One reason for this is that a technical advantage is not necessarily an economic advantage, or, more precisely, an economically measurable advantage. Apart from the robustness of the system and the higher productivity resulting from this, the main advantage of the P2000+ system is its enormous flexibility with respect to changes (of products or manufacturing processes). Flexibility, however, is a future advantage which requires an immediate investment. The company must invest today in order to be prepared for upcoming changes. From an economic point of view, there are definitive costs today for the installation of the flexibility, but only potential benefits if the production system will be used in unexpected ways in the future. As a consequence, if the investment costs for the flexibility are higher than the increase of the productivity which can be immediately achieved, this is a weak business case. At the end of the day, investing into flexibility is thus a management decision. You must be convinced that you require the flexibility - you cannot prove it. Usually, the management is convinced that it requires the flexibility if it has gone through bad experience in the past. But Production 2000+ was trying to address an up-coming challenge, not past problems.
Another aspect is that there are always technical alternatives, and this is also true for the P2000+ system. There seems to be no real alternative if one requires maximum flexibility: The P2000+ system is able to process nearly any kind of product (without changing the equipment). At an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) like Daimler, however, no more than two or three major product variants are ever produced simultaneously on a single line; thus, limited flexibility will often be sufficient. For such cases, there are nowadays alternatives. Let us just mention gantry loading systems which do not require an agent-based control system. Gantry loading have a gripper that grabs a workpiece and moves it overhead to the goal machine. This technique makes it possible to supply several parallel machines with a single gantry loader and thus to achieve the same robustness with respect to machine failures as P2000+. Of course, this approach is less flexible as the gripper is only able to grab a small range of products. Overall, this alternative, as most other alternatives, provides very limited flexibility, but achieves comparable productivity gains without requiring a transportation system as costly as the one of P2000+. In fact, nearly all manufacturing systems that Daimler has installed since the project P2000+ are of this type (at least up to 2003).
The bottom line is that agent technology is technically very attractive and, as in the case of P2000+, can be very successful; however, in order to become a widespread application technology it is necessary to more closely look at the business aspects of the technology, in particular whether it creates a truly economic benefit. P2000+ did improve the overall throughput. However, alternative manufacturing systems such as the gantry loading systems do so too, but at less investment costs (on the other hand, with no or very limited flexibility). The real advantage of the agent-based approach is thus flexibility, which is difficult to measure and sometimes not fully required.
Of course, this assessment is strongly biased towards the automotive industry. In different industries, the same system may have a quite different economic impact. But the experience of P2000+ suggests that, in general, research projects should consider right from the beginning - honestly and realistically - how a new technology will fit into the overall industrial landscape and what its business advantages will be at the end of the day.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I present to you Cookie Dough Macarons. Combining two of my favorite things: cookie dough, and macarons. I like to get creative with macarons. They are like a canvas. And it's up to me to paint them pretty, or the way I desire. Which is why I have so many Macaron Recipes on my blog….


text:
Färg och Form var ett konstgalleri och en försäljningsorganisation för konst i Stockholm mellan 1932 och 2002.

Historia
Färg och Form startade under den ekonomiska 1930-talskrisen, då konstnärernas ekonomiska situation hade blivit kärv. Den bildades som en förening för att konstnärerna skulle få en egen direkt försäljningskanal till köparna. Initiativtagare var 14 målare och bildhuggare, som samlats till ett möte den 23 maj 1932 på källaren Freden. I gruppen fanns bland andra Bror Hjorth, Vera Nilsson, Sven "X:et" Erixson och Gunnar Svenson. Bror Hjorth var föreningens förste ordförande. För den ekonomiska hanteringen anlitades konstälskaren och direktören i Olsson & Rosenlund Fritz H. Eriksson. 1934 kompletterades föreningen med ett försäljningsbolag, i vilket prins Eugen och direktören Torsten Laurin var de första aktietecknarna.

Gruppen kring Färg och Form var inte en samling konstnärer med ett gemensamt program. Medlemmar i gruppen beskrevs som bland annat kolorister, primitivister, vitalister och naivister. Medlemmarna och antalet växlade under årens lopp, men många av Sveriges dåtida stora konstnärer var med i gruppen. Gruppens namn anspelar troligen på August Brunius bok Färg och Form från 1913

Färg och Form hade egen utställningslokal, Galleri Färg och Form, som först låg vid Stureplan i Stockholm, galleriet flyttades efter ett par år till Malmtorgsgatan vid Brunkebergstorg och senare på 1970-talet tillbaka till Sturegatan. Galleriet har haft många uppmärksammade utställningar. I april 1935, då galleriet hade flyttat till Malmtorgsgatan, blev Bror Hjorth anmäld för polisen av en grosshandlare i Djursholm för sårande av tukt och sedlighet. Hjorth plockade efter polisbesök bort fyra skulpturer och utställningen blev efter detta en publiksuccé. 1947 års män, en grupp konkretister, hade också sin första utställning Ung konst i galleriet.

Galleriet stängde efter 70 års verksamhet i juni 2002.

Medlemmar i urval

Albin Amelin
Victor Axelson
Gideon Börje
Ture Dahlö
Martin Emond
Sven "Xet" Erixson
Lars Florén
Helge Franzén
Hjalmar Grahn
Eric Hallström
Knut Hanqvist
Bror Hjorth
Johan Johansson
Alf Munthe
Nils Möllerberg
Ivan Ivarson
Hilding Linnqvist
Nils Möllerberg
Axel Nilsson
Nils Nilsson
Vera Nilsson
William Nording
Torsten Palm
Patrik Reutersvärd
Fritiof Schüldt
Gunnar Svenson
Frans Timén
Hugo Zuhr

Att läsa mera
Hans Eklund, Ulf Linde, Olle Granath och Susanna Slöör (redaktör): Färg och Form - färgglödens mästare i svensk 1900-talskonst, Langenskiöld, Lidingö 2007,
Ragnar Hoppe:s historik i Göteborgs konsthalls utställningskatalog till Färg och Form-utställningen 1956 inför 25-årsjubileet
Stephan Spjut i Svenska Dagbladet den 6 juni 2002

Fotnoter

Konstnärsgrupper i Sverige
Konstföreningar i Sverige
Nedlagda konstgallerier i Stockholm


text:
Pristidia est un genre d'araignées aranéomorphes de la famille des Clubionidae.

Distribution
Les espèces de ce genre se rencontrent en Asie du Sud-Est et en Asie de l'Est.

Liste des espèces
Selon  :
 Pristidia cervicornuta Yu, Zhang & Chen, 2017
 Pristidia longistila Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001
 Pristidia prima Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001
 Pristidia ramosa Yu, Sun & Zhang, 2012
 Pristidia secunda Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001
 Pristidia viridissima Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001

Publication originale
 Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 : Forest spiders of South East Asia: with a revision of the sac and ground spiders (Araneae: Clubionidae, Corinnidae, Liocranidae, Gnaphosidae, Prodidomidae and Trochanterriidae. Brill, Leiden, .

Liens externes

Notes et références

Clubionidae
Genre d'araignées (nom scientifique)


This January we launched an experiment: we offered Fellowships of up to $10,000 to women, trans, and non-binary people who planned to work on open-source projects or research at RC.
The quantity and quality of the applications we received was incredibly impressive. We were able to fund Fellowships for six folks: three for one-week mini retreats and three for full 12-week batches.
Our forecasted gender balance for the beginning of 2019 was concerning, and we ran this experiment in December to reach and support more women, trans, and non-binary applicants to RC. The results have been very encouraging: two of our batches so far this year have had at least 50% women, trans, and non-binary people! Across all four of our batches that have started since January, nearly half (46%) of new Recursers have been women, trans, and non-binary. In addition to the six Fellows we were able to fund, many more people heard about RC for the first time or were encouraged to apply after seeing our announcement. It has been interesting to see what a more gender-balanced Recurse Center is like day to day.
Like the rest of RC, the Recursers who joined our community after hearing about Fellowships have a wide range of interests, backgrounds, and expertise. RC feels more like itself when there are more programmers who are women, trans, and non-binary here: that is, a more creative, curious, and rigorous place to program.
Anecdotally, the past three months at RC have also felt more interdisciplinary than ever. Recursers have worked on programming projects related to music, art, games, design, language, philosophy, history, biology, activism, civic data and urban planning, and more. There have been weekly study groups formed to discuss the political ethics of tech, as well as the creative applications of deep learning. It is thrilling to be in a space filled with smart, curious people who are experts in all of those domains.
Many of our Fellows who do research noted that they chose to come to RC to be in a diverse environment with an interdisciplinary focus—to get out of their bubbles and be around programmers from different domains. At RC they found an infusion of creative energy, the serendipity of new connections made, and the opportunity to learn from experts in a completely different field, all of which fed back into their own research.
The Fellows also did some incredible work at RC, from building new genome-sorting algorithms to recreating vintage computer art to building a blockchain for prayer. Read more about each of them below!
Nicole is a data scientist and a Python programmer. She recently open sourced pymc3_models, a library that allows people to build custom probabilistic models in pymc3 on top of the scikit-learn API. Nicole used her week at RC as an opportunity to focus full-time on maintenance and making improvements to her library.
Isla is a researcher with a background in bioinformatics. During her time at RC she continued work she started during her master's thesis, developing specialized algorithms for genome assembly. Genome assembly is incredibly memory-intensive, and Isla focused on optimizing compression and sorting algorithms. She succeeded in creating a proof of concept algorithm that competes in terms of speed and memory-efficiency with the others currently being used in the field.
Having somewhere to ask the questions you're nervous about, and receive thorough, supportive, and informative answers, is awesome. From the basics of C++ to the niche problems I've encountered there's always someone willing to talk through it or pitch in. Even from afar, it's easy to keep in touch and ask questions (programming or otherwise) within the community forums. Everyone on the forums has been to RC, so our culture is ingrained there too.
Sher Minn is an artist and software engineer. She spent her week doing deep research into the history of computer graphics and art, and she even reverse-engineered some of the vintage computer art she found along the way.
I had so many conversations with thoughtful and excited engineers. RC for me is always a reminder of how great the tech community could be if everyone was friendly and passionate about programming.
Meredith is a software engineer, entrepreneur, professor, and artist. During her batch she explored conscious computing and the intersection of philosophy, consciousness, and cryptocurrency by building a prayer blockchain. She blogged extensively about her time at RC.
I have been a part of a bunch of different art/tech/business communities. The level of curiosity, open mindedness and congeniality is on a different level at RC. The people, individually, are fascinating and since everyone is technical, many conversations from yoga to hip hop to brewing beer are filtered back through the lens of computers and programming… and maybe even turned into a technical project.
I would recommend RC to anyone who loves coding, is interested in being creatively diverted, and wants to be introduced to new technical challenges. To paraphrase Alan Watts — life not a journey but a musical thing and the goal is to dance while the music plays. RC is a ton of fun and makes for good choreography.
Kathy is a machine learning researcher at the Berkeley AI Research Lab who is interested in building smarter cities. Her research focuses on using reinforcement learning to develop intelligent traffic systems for urban planning and transportation networks. At RC, Kathy focused on bridging the gap between her research and its potential implementation in the real world.
RC achieves something very unique through the mindset it fosters. Learning occurs through osmosis, because the type of crowd that RC attracts is comprised of people who are actively excited, willing to share, and keen to learn.
Christina is a software engineer who works on infrastructure and machine learning at Sourceress. She's interested in language and style transfer, and spent her week at RC working on language models with self-attention to predict lyrical or rhyming choices based on a corpus of poetry data. She used RC's community cluster for her work and learned a lot about speeding up model training and memory management in the process.
It's great to work and explore a project while surrounded by other people whose top-level goal is to learn. Even though it was my first time at RC and I only spent a week there, I still feel like I'm part of the community, and not just a visitor. I think part of that is the magic of RC's community.
In the next few weeks we'll be writing more about how we've improved RC's gender balance over the years, and how it affects our community and the retreat.
If this type of community and work appeals to you, apply today to spend one, six, or 12 weeks at the Recurse Center! As a reminder, RC is free for everyone, and we offer need-based living expense grants for women, trans people, and people from racial and ethnic groups traditionally underrepresented in programming.


Though there are now dolls modeled after children with disabilities, there aren't any toys on store shelves that can be used specifically by children with severe disabilities.
That's why two University of North Florida professors started the Adaptive Toy Project three years ago.
The program puts physical therapy students and engineers into a laboratory so they can recreate and adapt regularly manufactured toys to suit the needs of special needs children. While simultaneously providing youth with the tools needed to play, it gives the students valuable experience and inspiration.
Since someone with cerebral palsy might not be able to open their hands and grab a toy car's steering wheel, an ATP worker rewired the circuity so it could be steered by a push button. They also replaced the seat with a safer foam-padded strap-in chair.
Though these customizable toys could easily cost thousands of dollars, 18 families have already received them for free thanks to a five year grant from the National Institutes of Health.


text:
/** @constructor */
ScalaJS.c.scala_specialized = (function() {
  ScalaJS.c.scala_annotation_Annotation.call(this)
});
ScalaJS.c.scala_specialized.prototype = new ScalaJS.inheritable.scala_annotation_Annotation();
ScalaJS.c.scala_specialized.prototype.constructor = ScalaJS.c.scala_specialized;
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ScalaJS.c.scala_specialized.prototype.init___Lscala_collection_Seq = (function(types) {
  ScalaJS.c.scala_specialized.prototype.init___Lscala_Specializable$SpecializedGroup.call(this, new ScalaJS.c.scala_Specializable$Group().init___O(types.toList__Lscala_collection_immutable_List()));
  return this
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ScalaJS.c.scala_specialized.prototype.init___ = (function() {
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/** @constructor */
ScalaJS.inheritable.scala_specialized = (function() {
  /*<skip>*/
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ScalaJS.inheritable.scala_specialized.prototype = ScalaJS.c.scala_specialized.prototype;
ScalaJS.is.scala_specialized = (function(obj) {
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ScalaJS.as.scala_specialized = (function(obj) {
  if ((ScalaJS.is.scala_specialized(obj) || (obj === null))) {
    return obj
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    ScalaJS.throwClassCastException(obj, "scala.specialized")
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});
ScalaJS.isArrayOf.scala_specialized = (function(obj, depth) {
  return (!(!(((obj && obj.$classData) && (obj.$classData.arrayDepth === depth)) && obj.$classData.arrayBase.ancestors.scala_specialized)))
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ScalaJS.asArrayOf.scala_specialized = (function(obj, depth) {
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    return obj
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    ScalaJS.throwArrayCastException(obj, "Lscala.specialized;", depth)
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ScalaJS.data.scala_specialized = new ScalaJS.ClassTypeData({
  scala_specialized: 0
}, false, "scala.specialized", ScalaJS.data.scala_annotation_Annotation, {
  scala_specialized: 1,
  scala_annotation_StaticAnnotation: 1,
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ScalaJS.c.scala_specialized.prototype.$classData = ScalaJS.data.scala_specialized;
//@ sourceMappingURL=specialized.js.map

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
<ion-popover-view>
    <ion-header-bar>

Options

            <button class="button button-clear" ng-click="closePopover()">Close</button>

    </ion-header-bar>
    <ion-content>
        <button class="button button-full button-assertive" ng-click="addFavorite(dish.id)">Add to Favorites</button>
        <button class="button button-full button-balanced" ng-click="openCommentModal()">Add Comment</button>
    </ion-content>
</ion-popover-view>


Swing gates are available in Timber (hardwood & softwood) and wrought iron; you can choose from an off the shelf stock design or have it made completely bespoke to better match the style of your property. There are two ways of operating swing gates: underground operation, and surface operation.
Contact Fire and Security supply two ranges of swing gates, with surface or underground operating mechanics. Find out more on our dedicated page or contact us to speak to an advisor. Our products include elegant wrought iron designs for security that is also aesthetically pleasing.
Contact Fire and Security supply two ranges of swing gates, with surface or underground operating mechanics.
Entails the installation of discreet underground electromechanical motors which, neatly & subtly perform the operation of opening the gates.
As the vehicle passes through the gates, photocells detect that the car has traversed the entrance and after a pre-programmed time delay, automatically close the gates behind you.
A more cost effective option than underground automation. Using modern and aesthetically designed electromechanical motors that are either neatly fitted to the rear of the gates, or to pillars, they perform the same operation as the underground operators.


Founders Entertainment, the promotional company behind the New York based festival Governor's Ball, has a brand new two day event headed to Queens this fall. Dubbed The Meadows, the new festival has already began announcing some of its lineup, revealing a roster filled with big name acts.
Kygo, The Weeknd, Kanye West and Chance The Rapper are all confirmed as headliners for the upcoming festival, while the lineup features a number of other notable electronic acts, such as Zhu, Grimes, Empire of the Sun, Robert Delong and Chromeo. From what we understand, this is only a partial roster, and more names will be added to the list in the coming months.
The Meadows is set to kick off October 1 and 2 at Citi Field, the same venue that holds EDC New York. General admission and VIP tickets will go on sale June 23 at 11am EST, while Governor's Ball ticket holders have access to special pre-sale tickets as of today that can be found here.


We're excited that you have an opinion about the name Elyce. To rate names on Nameberry, please register for an account or log in to an existing account.
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Find other names based on Elyce using our baby name generator.


Year 6 have been enjoying writing lots of fantastic stories, diary's and reports about World War Two and dinosaurs. We have produced some stunning work.
We have loved reading Carries War and Goodnight Mr Tom. Children can't put the book down- even in their lunchtimes!
We have been busy practising for our play (We'll Meet Again) which we will be performing in the last week of term.
We have been looking at the events in the life of Anne Frank and made timelines about what happened to her.
Year 6 have been learning about WW2.
As a reward for hard work during SATs week, year 6 went to Felix Road Adventure Park for a morning of fun. The children enjoyed being active children for the morning: climbing, swinging and jumping.
For the start of our World War Two topic, we visited Tyntesfield National Trust House. It was an amazing day learning about the children that were evacuated to the house during the war. Making some delicious carrot fudge using rations was a particular highlight. The volunteers praised our school for their behaviour and interest.
Year 6 children enjoyed a workshop on drug awareness with the police. Some children were even filmed for a documentary.
On red nose day children got to watch a comedy film in the afternoon. Year 6 children had to prepare all the snacks to sell. We enjoyed making pizzas particularly.
Both year 6 classes enjoyed spending a week learning to ride safely on the roads and completed a bikeabity course.
On a cold day in December, the year 6 children had a special house hockey tournament organised by Jake and Liam. The teamwork was great and all the children cheered each other on in the games.
Term three has started really well and all the children are fully engrossed in the world of Harry Potter. As well as reading the first book together we had a fun first day back at school being taught by wizards, watching the film and we even got given a delicious chocolate frog in a beautiful box.
Amazingly, we received a letter from Harry Potter asking for some help designing and making a bag for his wand. After writing letters of complaint to other companies that make sub- standard wand bags, we have designed and started sewing our bags.
The children who did not go to camp enjoyed spending a day writing a letter to thank the teacher that has made a difference in their lives. They also made them a delicious cake and write some instructions. Giving the cakes and letters to the teachers was the most enjoyable part of the day.
We had a lovely day visiting the M Shed and enjoyed writing leaflets to persuade people to visit the M Shed. There was a particularly interesting display on Somali people in Bristol.
Both year 6 classes enjoyed spending a week with our friends from the charity Into University doing a focus week on evolution. On the last day we got to visit Bristol University and parents came to see us graduate in the Wells building.
As part of our Into University week we visited Bristol Zoo and enjoyed a workshop on adaptation. Amazingly, we got to hold some of the animals.
We had a great time exploring Clearwell Caves. Some of the holes we needed to squeeze through were tiny but we helped each other out.
We spent an hour in the forest building shelters. Mr Overton got a little bit excited and wanted to test how waterproof they were. Luckily, we didn't get too wet.
Going through the tunnels was easy but climbing back out was tricky. You never knew where you would come out.
If you didn't work together as a team you would end up in the water. After successfully getting to the other side of the pond Mrs Hatfield let us jump into it.
We drew self portraits looking at shape and size.
Democracy in action! After learning about democracy, children gave a short speech about why they would make a good house captain and then we voted.
Year 6 held a voting day for School Council elections. Each class visited the polling station and then the year 6 children signed them in on a register to check everyone turned up to vote. They then went to a voting booth to vote using a voting slip. Then they put it in the ballot box. After everyone had voted year 6 children counted up the votes and announced the results in assembly.


Climbing in the Stoos-Muotatal region means diversity. Ambitious sports climbers and young climbing families find their happiness in the various climbing gardens. Mountain brook climbing is a group adventure that has no equal, and for those who prefer to experience the fascination of ice, the ice arena in Muotathal is the right place. The via ferrata "Felspfad" offers a kitten team building and if it should rain outside, there are 59 routes available on the indoor climbing wall in the Swiss Holiday Park.


This sofa model, with 3 seats, is a model with large dimensions, which adapts both to residential spaces and facilities. It is coated with elegant upholstery and colors selected with sound judgment. Both backs and seats are padded (because of this they give you extra comfort).
This 3-seats model is identical to the 2-seats model. They are only different in their measures.
Water proof → This technology allows cloth to be cleaned only with water (by wiping it with a damp rag, without having to resort to a thorough wash or the use of detergents).


text:
MEDICAL BILLING TERMS
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Home COVID-19 FDA Authorizes Non-Prescription COVID Tests
FDA Authorizes Non-Prescription COVID Tests
Shane Howard
The FDA grants emergency use authorization for at-home, over-the-counter COVID-19 tests.
On March 5, 2021, Cue Health received emergency use authorization (EUA) from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for their Cue COVID-19 Test for Home and Over The Counter (OTC) Use. The nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) detects the RNA of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, with the accuracy of a central lab test. The cartridge-based nasal swab test is appropriate for all adults and children as young as two years, regardless of whether symptoms are present or not. No prescription is required. The EUA for this test aims to increase "the availability of accurate and reliable tests for all Americans," said Acting FDA Commissioner Janet Woodcock.
"This is the first molecular diagnostic test available without a prescription. For the first time, consumers can access laboratory-grade testing at home. This is an important milestone in the advancement of COVID-19 testing," said Ayub Khattak, Co-Founder and CEO of Cue. The company expects to be able to produce more than 100,000 tests per day by summer 2021. The accuracy of the test should make this method of easy testing desirable to those who want to avoid or don't have transportation to testing centers. The OTC tests have been shown to correctly identify 96 percent of positive samples from symptomatic individuals and 100 percent of positive samples from individuals without symptoms.
The user takes a nasal swab from the lower part of their nose with the sample wand and then inserts the wand into the cartridge, which is placed inside the reader (required but not included with the cartridge pack) to run the test. Results are communicated directly to the Cue Health App in about 20 minutes. The mobile app requires individuals to create an account. In the future, the app will be updated to include capability to report test results as appropriate to public health authorities to monitor disease prevalence. The Cue website lists all compatible mobile smart devices so users can verify that their device is compatible before ordering. Normal limitations and disclaimers apply to the at-home testing (e.g., improperly collecting or handling the sample) that may affect the outcome of the test.
Other Recent Approvals
On March 31, 2021, the FDA also authorized the Quidel QuickVue and Abbot BinaxNOW antigen at-home self-tests, which can be purchased without a prescription. Both are nasal swab tests for asymptomatic individuals that allow at-home results within minutes. The user must test two different nasal swabs within 36 hours for full results.
"The FDA continues to prioritize the availability of more at-home testing options in response to the pandemic," said Jeff Shuren, M.D., J.D., director of the FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health. "With the FDA's authorization of multiple tests, the public can be assured these tests have met our scientific standards for emergency use authorization. As we've said all along, if it's a good test, we'll authorize it." Currently, the FDA has authorized more than 330 tests and collection kits for a variety of uses, users, and locations and continues to prioritize review and authorization of EUA requests during the pandemic.
With any new test or procedure, questions always arise. Patients and doctors alike will want to know:
What should a user do if they test positive at home?
What should a user do if they test negative at home?
Are self-test results acceptable when a negative test is required to return to work or school?
Are doctors required to follow up a positive at-home test with one in the office for confirmation or can they assign a COVID-19 diagnosis based on the self-test?
Will insurance companies cover the cost of an at-home test if it doesn't require a prescription?
If patients test positive, how should it be reported to the state?
We may not have all the answers yet, but there is guidance from The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). When utilizing an OTC, at-home test, the CDC recommends you:
Communicate your results to your healthcare provider, who is responsible for reporting your test results to the state health department. If the at-home test has an app that allows you to report your results to the state health department, inform your healthcare provider whether you used that app for results reporting.
False negatives are possible, as is testing negative if the sample was collected too early in your infection. In this case, you could test positive later during your illness. Discuss your symptoms and test results with your healthcare provider to determine if you need follow-up testing.
If you test positive, tell your healthcare provider and stay in contact with them during your illness. To avoid spreading the virus to others, follow CDC recommendations.
https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-issues-authorization-first-molecular-non-prescription-home-test
https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-continues-advance-over-counter-and-other-screening-test-development
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Health News & Information
strenght training
Albertans Push For Online Access To Health Records For Those Under 14
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on 15 Oct 2020
By sepiroth
Without limiting the generality of subsection , the board of administrators could make by-legal guidelines or pass resolutions to nominate officers and assign to them such powers and duties because the board considers acceptable. 12 Subject to this Act, the board of directors of the Agency shall manage or supervise the management of the activities and affairs of the company. 11 The chief govt officer could appoint such employees as are thought-about needed for the right conduct of the affairs of the Agency. The chief govt officer shall not be a member of the board of directors of the Agency.
Sadly, only 12{d7fe11f3cc5025ed1dc653db11cfe8caa2528ab4ada6f4ef277ff0cef7ad45ff} of these individuals are more likely to survive. Immediate High School Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and Automated External Defibrillator (AED) use can triple the rate of survival but not sufficient folks know the way to perform effective CPR or use an AED. The faculty/workers team shown on this web page is a sample of the individuals who may lead your specific program. Faculty and coordinators are subject to alter to accommodate every program's distinctive schedule and locations. Nations in any respect ranges of improvement differ of their commitment and capacity to define healthcare as a human proper and supply healthcare to their citizens equitably.
A licensee inside the which means of the Long-Term Care Homes Act, 2007, aside from a municipality or board of administration described in paragraph 5. 2 Subject to subsections and , this Act comes into drive on the day it receives Royal Assent. Schedule 1 of the Bill enacts the Connecting Care Act, 2019.
Radiation The division administers the Radiation Act 2005. Users and managers of radiation practices are licensed beneath this Act. Population health Evidence gathering, statistical knowledge and evaluations are essential tools for planning preventative health and wellbeing measures. Cemeteries Information about public cemeteries, crematoria and cemetery trusts in Victoria for various stakeholders. Rural health The Victorian Government is working to improve entry to high quality healthcare in rural Victoria.
four The Agency is an agent of the Crown and should train its powers only as an agent of the Crown. The letters patent issued to constitute the company continued underneath subsection are extinguished.
Major health organizations, such as the American Hospital Association, have supplied sources that may be utilized for organizational preparedness, caring for patients, and enabling the workforce in the course of the pandemic. If you have questions or comments about this page, use our IDEPC Comment Form or call for the MDH Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Prevention and Control Division.
This is proven by kids of moms who have no training having a decrease survival fee compared to youngsters born to mothers with primary or greater ranges of training.
Educational fairness has yet to be reached on the planet.
The U.S. Global Health Initiative was created in 2009 by President Obama in an attempt to have a more holistic, comprehensive strategy to enhancing world health as opposed to previous, disease-specific interventions.
Public health efforts are impeded by this, as a scarcity of education can result in poorer health outcomes.
Some of the provisions of that Act are summarized below. We are a full-service veterinary hospital providing wellness care, orthopedic surgical procedure, soft tissue surgery, dental care, ultrasound, in- home labs, and so forth. at very affordable costs.
Redefining The World Of Health Tech
The chief executive officer is liable for the management and administration of the affairs of the Agency, topic to the supervision and direction of its board of directors. 10 The Agency shall appoint and employ a chief government officer.
All content is out there beneath the Open Government Licence v3.0 except the place in any other case stated. This web site moreover incorporates content derived from EUR-Lex, reused under the phrases of the Commission Decision 2011/833/EU on the reuse of documents from the EU establishments. For extra data see the EUR-Lex public statement on re-use. Catalyst @ Health 2.zero is excited to announce the launch of two innovation challenges sponsored by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has underscored the need for efficient and revolutionary emergency response.
After your TST is run, you must return to the identical DOH TB testing location within hours to have your TST read. In accordance with Chapter 164.2 of Title eleven, Hawaii Administrative Rules (HAR) for Tuberculosis11-164.2-2 this is requirement for the classes of people listed on the tables for TB Clearance. Funding and reporting for AOD This section provides information about funding models for alcohol and different drug service providers and details in regards to the reporting necessities. Rights and advocacy The Mental Health Act 2014 helps advocacy, diversity, privacy and complaints processes. Prevention and promotion In Victoria the promotion of psychological health and wellbeing is a priority.
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text:
Q: How to "refresh" DOMDocument instances of LibXML2? Using PHP to illustrate: there are a BUG in the normalizeDocument() method, or a lack of a "refresh" method, because DOM consistence is lost after changes (even only attribute changes)... So, any algorithm "with DOM changes" that you implement with LIBXML2 somethimes works and sometimes not, is unpredictable!! (?)
The "refresh" by  $doc->LoadXML($doc->saveXML()); is a workaround and lost performance in a flow of work with DOM... A sub-question: all moment I need to refresh DOM?
  $XML = '

Hello

test (no id)

test i2

  ';
  $doc = new DOMDocument;
  $doc->LoadXML($XML);
  doSomeChange($doc);    // here DOM is modified
  print $doc->saveXML(); // show new DOM state

  $doc->normalizeDocument(); // NOT REFRESHING!?!
  var_dump($doc->getElementById('i2'));  //NULL!??! is a BUG!
  //CAN_NOT_doMORESomeChange($doc);

  $doc->LoadXML($doc->saveXML());        // only way to refresh?
  print $doc->getElementById('i2')->tagName;  //OK, is there

  // illustrating attribute modification:
  function doSomeChange(&$dom) {
    $max = 0;
    $xp  = new DOMXpath($dom);
    foreach(iterator_to_array($xp->query('/html/* | //li')) as $e) {
        $max++;
        $e->setAttribute('xml:id',"i$max");
    }
    print "\ncmpDOM='".($xp->document === $dom)."'\n"; // after @ThomasWeinert
  }

So, input is the $XML and output is

Hello

test (no id)

test i2

  NULL
  ol

the NULL is the bug (see code comments).
PS: if I change input line
test i2
 to
test i2
 the algorithm works as expected (!), so, is unpredictable.

Related questions: In DomDocument, reuse of DOMXpath, it is stable? PHP DomDocument, reuse of XSLTProcessor, it is stable/secure?

A: Changes are applied to the DOM the moment you're doing them. In your example this creates a status where two elements have the same xml:id and this seems to screw up the index. Remove the xml:id attributes before setting them and it works:
$XML = '

Hello

test (no id)

test i2

  ';
  $doc = new DOMDocument;
  $doc->loadXML($XML);
  var_dump($doc->getElementById('i2'), $doc->getElementById('i2')->tagName);
  /*
    object(DOMElement)#2 (0) { }
    string(2) "li"
  */

  doSomeChange($doc);    // here DOM is modified

  var_dump($doc->getElementById('i2'), $doc->getElementById('i2')->tagName);
  /*
    object(DOMElement)#6 (0) { }
    string(2) "ol"
  */

  print $doc->saveXML(); // show new DOM state
  /*
  <?xml version="1.0"?>

Hello

test (no id)

test i2

  */

  // illustrating xml:id attribute modification:
  function doSomeChange($dom) {
    $xp  = new DOMXpath($dom);
    foreach($xp->evaluate('//*') as $e) {
      $e->removeAttribute('xml:id');
    }
    $max = 0;
    foreach($xp->evaluate('/html/*|//li') as $e) {
      $max++;
      $e->setAttribute('xml:id',"i$max");
    }
  }

Your specific dom modification is, what breaks the getElementById() calls.
To the "stability" question: The connection between DOMXpath and DOMDocument is not completly "stable". If you're using a load*() method in the DOMDocument, the connection is lost. You can validate that the DOMXpath uses the correct DOMDocument comparing its document property:
var_dump($xpath->document === $doc);

This does not happen in your case, because you always create a new instance of DOMXpath in the function. But it means you should avoid reloading the document because this will break xpath instances created for the document.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Soccer fans have plenty to shout about at sea today.
We get a kick out of cruising…. We get a kick out of cruising…. We get a kick out of cruising….
Some people are surprised by the interest and excitement that this year's World Cup generated in America. Not me. I've seen it coming, usually from the deck of a cruise ship.
In July 2002, I was sailing SeaDream Yacht Club in the Mediterranean. It was SeaDream's inaugural year and it quickly became clear that there was nothing SeaDream Activities Director James Cabello couldn't do. With the World Cup final scheduled the following day, I approached James and asked if it would be broadcast on board. When he said he'd arrange it, I pictured myself sitting at the end of my bed watching the action unfold on my suite's TV, maybe wearing the personalized SeaDream pajamas that each guest receives, and guzzling a beer from my en suite fridge. As it turned out, that image was wrong. In typical SeaDream fashion, James took my simple request a step further, arranging a large screen set-up in the ship's salon, complete with bar service and hors d'oeuvres. And while there were plenty of Americans on board, I was the only one who attended.
In 2006, World Cup fever still hadn't taken hold at sea. Costa Cruises was the only line to broadcast World Cup matches on its ships, and only the semi-final and final ones at that. But they were rewarded mightily as Italy walked off with the trophy that year — and fans of "cruising Italian style" were able to see the action live…bravo, Costa!
By 2010, things had changed and as I was aboard the newly christened Norwegian Epic, it was clear that Americans were getting quite a kick out of the World Cup. Despite the gloriously sunny weather during Norwegian Epic's July 4 inaugural from New York, hundreds chose to stay indoors to watch Spain's victory over Paraguay on the ship's giant screen. Whether fans chose a seat in the atrium or, like me, at O'Sheehan's on the level above, they had a bird's-eye view of the match that would lead Spain to the final and, ultimately, the 2010 trophy.
This year, nearly every major cruise line broadcasted all 64 World Cup matches. In fact, MSC Divina actually offered two special World Cup sailings to and from Brazil. It might have taken a while (almost as long as it took for the first — and winning — goal of yesterday's final to be scored by Germany), but this year's tournament has left no doubt: The World Cup makes a big splash with cruisers all over the world!


This yummy yogurt parfait is an ideal breakfast. It's quick to make and has the perfect carbohydrate-protein-healthy fat ratio to give you energy and satiety until lunchtime.
In a small bowl, mix yogurt and peanut butter together. In a separate bowl, toss walnuts and pretzels together. In a tall glass, begin to build parfait. Layer ½ cup yogurt, half of banana slices and 1 tablespoon of walnut/pretzel mixture. Repeat layers. Serve immediately.
Brighten up your summer snacks and put your favorite cheeses and fruits in one place with this easy, nutritious recipe.
To make a rainbow for each "kabob," thread onto a straw a piece of cheese, a strawberry halve, a cantaloupe cube, a pineapple cube, another piece of cheese, a piece of kiwi, two blueberries, a grape, and another piece of cheese. Repeat pattern with remaining straws.


Rasmussen: McAuliffe maintains his lead over Cuccinelli... by 17 points?
Rasmussen: McAuliffe maintains his lead over Cuccinelli… by 17 points?
Yesterday, I mentioned Team McAuliffe's kind of puzzling move to court the support of Michael Bloomberg and his well-monied gun-control ilk, given that major gun-control issues and Bloomberg's interference haven't played too well with Virginians lately and that doing so will only undergird his image as a national and not a Virginia Democrat, but that he must think the potential for any Republican backlash against the move is worth the risk.
The latest Rasmussen Reports telephone survey of Likely Virginia Voters finds McAuliffe with 50% support to Cuccinelli's 33%. Libertarian candidate Robert Sarvis is a distant third with eight percent (8%) of the vote. Three percent (3%) like some other candidate, while five percent (5%) remain undecided.
The poll was conducted on October 20th, and Rasmussen's pre-shutdown poll showed only a 6-point gap between the two candidates, so some lessons there would seem to be that A) the shutdown was really not a helpful development for Cuccinelli, and B) that Hillary Clinton is a mighty useful ally to have on your team.
"Generally over the past decades, especially in southern states like Virginia, Republicans win when they have strong party allegiance among their base. One reason McAuliffe is ahead is that he wins 92 percent of Democrats while Cuccinelli has only 81 percent of Republicans. If Cuccinelli can't bring more Republicans home, he is likely to be toast," Brown said.
The survey, conducted by the Democratic firm Public Policy Polling for the League of Conservation Voters, a liberal environmental advocacy group, found McAuliffe taking 57 percent of early voters, compared with 39 percent for GOP Attorney General Ken Cuccinelli.
That margin is similar to current GOP Gov. Bob McDonnell's early vote leads in 2009: four years ago, according to figures from the state Board of Elections cited by PPP, he led among early voters by 18 points as well, 59 percent to 41 percent.


"What flowers mean spring to you?" I asked my husband just the other night.
"Daisies." Was his rather interesting and simple response. Intrigued I chose to pry for more information.
"Why? Daisies aren't the first to come up. They aren't the first to flower." I didn't think I would get an answer. So I was surprised when it came.
"Steve said to watch for the daisies. That they meant spring." Steve; Ron's beekeeping mentor, he told Ron that when the daisies came up, it was time to really gear and grow the bees. There would be a steady flow of nectar from a succession of flowering plants all the way into the fall.
"They're little and white and come up in the grass." Ron told me.
I was curious about the type of daisy Steve might have been talking about, so I jumped onto my computer. Daisy…Kingdom Plantae, order Asterales, family Asteraceae…Wow! Did you know that there are over 4,000 species of daisy!
Bellis perennis is called The lawn daisy because even mowing will not get rid of them in your lawn. This daisy originated in Europe, but is now naturalized across temperate regions of the Americas and Australia as well. It blooms late spring through fall. This plant grows low to the ground, and is considered an invasive weed by most. Though considered a weed, it is also intentionally cultivated in many gardens as a flowering ground cover. A growing number of people are now deciding to grow the lawn daisy intentionally in their yards. This is a good choice if you are going for bee friendly plants for your yard.
Erigeron annuus. Native to North America, this daisy species grows in 43 out of the 48 contiguous states. This daisy has very small flowers, but they can grow quite tall – up to 5 feet. The flowers of this daisy are often white with yellow centers. But sometimes they have pink or purple petals.
Leucanthemum vulgare. As with the lawn daisy, this daisy originated in europe, and is widespread there. It has naturally spread across temperate regions of Asia, and Turkey, and has been introduced into the Americas, Australia, and New Zealand. Cattle will not eat it, and once established, it is difficult to get rid of. It is considered an invasive weed by over 40 countries. This daisy blooms spring through fall, and has a very high pollen count. This plant grows up to 20 inches high. Though considered a weed, it is also intentionally cultivated in many gardens as a flowering ground cover. A growing number of people are now deciding to grow the lawn daisy intentionally in their yards. This is a good choice if you are going for bee friendly plants for your yard.
There are countless other wildly growing could be the flowers Steve was referring to. I wish we could ask him, though he probably didn't know the exact species name. Steve tragically and unexpectedly passed away several years ago. I'm still not sure exactly which species Steve was talking about. I wish he was still with us, so he could tell us. We miss you Steve. This article was in memory of you.
The Buzz of Rainy Days: What Can You Do?


text:
Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion may contain a locus for recessive early-onset Parkinson's disease
Kotaro Ogaki, Owen A. Ross
Recently, it has been reported that carriers of a hemizygous chromosome 22q11.2 deletion may be at increased risk of early-onset Parkinson's disease. Herein, we propose a hypothesis that it is not the microdeletion per se that is responsible for the phenotype but rather a complete loss of function of a gene within the region due to the combination of the deletion and another mutation on the alternate allele. Thus we propose the deletion may be highlighting a novel locus for a recessive form of early-onset Parkinson's disease.
Parkinsonism and Related Disorders
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.06.020
22q11.2 deletion
Early-onset
Recessive
10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.06.020
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion may contain a locus for recessive early-onset Parkinson's disease'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Chromosome Deletion Medicine & Life Sciences
Parkinson Disease Medicine & Life Sciences
Sequence Deletion Medicine & Life Sciences
Alleles Medicine & Life Sciences
Phenotype Medicine & Life Sciences
Mutation Medicine & Life Sciences
Ogaki, K., & Ross, O. A. (2014). Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion may contain a locus for recessive early-onset Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism and Related Disorders, 20(9), 945-946. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.06.020
Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion may contain a locus for recessive early-onset Parkinson's disease. / Ogaki, Kotaro; Ross, Owen A.
In: Parkinsonism and Related Disorders, Vol. 20, No. 9, 09.2014, p. 945-946.
Ogaki, K & Ross, OA 2014, 'Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion may contain a locus for recessive early-onset Parkinson's disease', Parkinsonism and Related Disorders, vol. 20, no. 9, pp. 945-946. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.06.020
Ogaki K, Ross OA. Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion may contain a locus for recessive early-onset Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism and Related Disorders. 2014 Sep;20(9):945-946. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.06.020
Ogaki, Kotaro ; Ross, Owen A. / Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion may contain a locus for recessive early-onset Parkinson's disease. In: Parkinsonism and Related Disorders. 2014 ; Vol. 20, No. 9. pp. 945-946.
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title = "Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion may contain a locus for recessive early-onset Parkinson's disease",
abstract = "Recently, it has been reported that carriers of a hemizygous chromosome 22q11.2 deletion may be at increased risk of early-onset Parkinson's disease. Herein, we propose a hypothesis that it is not the microdeletion per se that is responsible for the phenotype but rather a complete loss of function of a gene within the region due to the combination of the deletion and another mutation on the alternate allele. Thus we propose the deletion may be highlighting a novel locus for a recessive form of early-onset Parkinson's disease.",
keywords = "22q11.2 deletion, Early-onset, Genetic, PD, Parkinson's disease, Recessive",
author = "Kotaro Ogaki and Ross, {Owen A.}",
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N2 - Recently, it has been reported that carriers of a hemizygous chromosome 22q11.2 deletion may be at increased risk of early-onset Parkinson's disease. Herein, we propose a hypothesis that it is not the microdeletion per se that is responsible for the phenotype but rather a complete loss of function of a gene within the region due to the combination of the deletion and another mutation on the alternate allele. Thus we propose the deletion may be highlighting a novel locus for a recessive form of early-onset Parkinson's disease.
AB - Recently, it has been reported that carriers of a hemizygous chromosome 22q11.2 deletion may be at increased risk of early-onset Parkinson's disease. Herein, we propose a hypothesis that it is not the microdeletion per se that is responsible for the phenotype but rather a complete loss of function of a gene within the region due to the combination of the deletion and another mutation on the alternate allele. Thus we propose the deletion may be highlighting a novel locus for a recessive form of early-onset Parkinson's disease.
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KW - Genetic
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KW - Parkinson's disease
KW - Recessive
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JO - Parkinsonism and Related Disorders
JF - Parkinsonism and Related Disorders


text:
Wednesday, 17 July, 2019 | Time: 12:02 AM
Let sports just be
Waheed Mirza
Publish Date: Mar 10 2017 2:50PM
Updated Date: Mar 10 2017 3:02PM
Representational Pic
Kashmiris have won medals before as well. But why all this parading of achievements in such a grand fashion?
Conflict not only consumes lives, it creates confusion and chaos. It has a deep effect on the psyche of the people and has a huge bearing on the way they perceive people and their actions and events. In a conflict ridden place, every act comes under scrutiny.
One day you are lauded, next lambasted. Everything-howsoever big or small- magnets eye-balls. You are either supported or slammed. There is no escape route. Everything becomes political. Nothing is believed to have happened in isolation.
Something may sound apolitical, but its off-shoots could well have a telling political goal to score. Kashmir is a prototype of all this. Everything here is seen through the prism of aspirations (political) and aspersions (politically motivated). In this part of world music isn't entertainment but a message. George Orwell's iconic lines from The Sporting Spirit that 'sports should never be mixed with politics' don't get a following here.
Of late, sports-some of them non-descript-have sprung into action big time. There is a lot of action on playgrounds, but more off it. Every single achievement from any sport has been pumped into with lot of PR, column spaces and photo-shoots. Sports Council has started recruiting past stars as coaches. There is a gold-fest. Every other day J&K pockets a medal or two in different sports. Selfies with the medals winners galore. Somewhere else custodians of the game will get all the praise, but not in Kashmir. There are more questions than answers over this sudden sports spring.
Kashmiris have won medals before as well. But why all this parading of achievements in such a grand fashion? Critics don't see all this happening without a motive. They feel state is appropriating the success of sportspersons to bring home their agendas.
It is a tricky situation, both for sports and sportspersons. Sportspersons are bound to turn to the state as there are hardly any corporate sponsors. And, state is duty bound to help aspiring sportspersons to shape up their careers in a better way. By the look of things, state government wants eke out own benefits (political) out of it. This is where the problem arises. The sporting spirit gets buried under the avalanche of selfies, photo-shoots, and, most tellingly, unwanted linking of all this to normalcy.
The sudden spring in the world of sports in Kashmir needs to be appreciated by one and all. But a true fan in me wants it not to be diluted by hidden agendas. It just takes that feel of the sport out which would mean the essence of following and watching the game is lost.
All this appropriating puts players under so much of spotlight and their credentials are doubted. Parvez Rasool, J&K star all-rounder, is a genuine match winner who has had a wonderful surge in his cricketing career thus far. He has the numbers and ingredients to rub shoulders with the best and his inclusion into Indian team shouldn't be surprise to those who have seen him play and followed his career. If one goes by the numbers, he is easily among the top three all-rounders in Indian domestic circuit. With so much going around, even questions have been raised over his selections too with some reasoning that he was fast-tracked into Indian team. It would be unfair, and an insult, to Parvez's years of toil in small playgrounds of his hometown and the time he devoted to improving his cricketing skills, to suggest that an icon had been manufactured. On back of his cricketing talent and hard work he put in over the years to realize his dream of playing international cricket, it is Parvez's moment under the sun. But state's handling of sports has meant murky shadows have been cast even over a genuine achievement.
There is lot to be learnt from Parvez. He hasn't set world on fire with his statements but let bat and the ball do all the taking. He has confined himself to just being a cricketer not an 'agent of change' which has helped him a great deal.
The current regime in the sports council has gone on an overdrive to bolster facilities and opportunities for the sportspersons: more so in otherwise forgotten genres. It augurs well for the sports future of the state. There is a caveat though. Some reckon sports is being supplied with a certain kind of political currency which could well set up a dangerous precedence and people will start viewing everything as stage-managed. It could well be not a case in reality. But that is what you need to guard against in a conflict zone.
It is a good sign that there is so much activity on the sports fields and aspiring sportspersons should make most of it.
Let's hope sports isn't mixed with politics and players aren't used as a cannon fodder to score political points.
Lets sports just be.
Waheed Mirza is a sports writer. He tweets @mirzawaheedz


CUSTOMS sign up is open for all tentatively admitted students for the FALL 2019. To begin the sign up process you must use your PipelinMT account. The CUSTOMS sign up system will open for all tentatively admitted students on March 25, 2019.
Enter your PipelineMT Username and Password.
If you have not set up your PipelineMT username and Password or have forgotten it, click below the Login box and you will be given instructions of how to set up or change it.
Once logged in to PipelineMT click on CUSTOMS Orientation Signup box.
Go to PipelineMT to get started.
CUSTOMS is the Middle Tennessee State University new student orientation program. CUSTOMS helps new undergraduate students make the transition into the university; prepares new students for MTSU's educational opportunities; and initiates the integration of new students into the intellectual, cultural, and social climate of the institution. In a nutshell, CUSTOMS shows new students the ropes on being a student at MTSU.
CUSTOMS is the theme of the orientation program. The theme goes along with the process as you leave and enter a new country and go through customs. The new students are grouped together by majors for advising purposes, and we use country names to identify these groups. When you sign up for CUSTOMS, you will be notified of the date you have been assigned and the name of the country in which you are grouped.
CUSTOMS is designed a little differently for each type of new student. Please select your classification on the left menu bar to begin your CUSTOMS journey!


February 27, 2015 —Following the events of Feb. 27 en Smara, we returned to Bujdur. Fatma, a friend of Shabu, had invited us to a Mauritanian-style meal of rice and fish, also known as "maru u hut," prepared by her mother, whose name is Fala.
The meal was delicious. This family seems to hail from a special dynasty. I say that because they are all so good looking. And they have such wisdom and a special way of carrying themselves that they don't seem to be aware of.
While Shabu and Fatma took interest in my tablet, I asked Halima, Shabu's little sister, if I could make a portrait. I found great honesty in her eyes and in her heart.
Later, we observed the family's goats. Though they don't use them for milk or cheese, the goats are still a resource. To celebrate someone's arrival, for example, they might decide to slaughter one. Or they might sell a goat under certain circumstances for financial reasons.
Follow Javier de Blas dispatches from Sahrawi refugee camps in Algeria through his blog, Viajero en Tindouf, and via Spain Urban Sketchers. He's also sharing photos and videos of his experience on his Facebook page.


text:
Home All Articles China appreciates U.S. return of Chinese relics, artifacts
China appreciates U.S. return of Chinese relics, artifacts
BEIJING, March 1 (Xinhua) — China appreciates the return of 361 Chinese relics and artifacts by the United States, said a Foreign Ministry spokesperson Friday.
The remarks came as Lu Kang, the spokesperson of the Foreign Ministry, responded to a query about the return of the Chinese relics and artifacts by the United States.
The United States announced the return of 361 Chinese relics and artifacts to China at a ceremony held Thursday in the Eiteljorg Museum in Indianapolis, the U.S. state of Indiana.
The repatriation will lead to the return of the largest batch of relics and artifacts to China from the United States since 2009, when the two nations signed a memorandum of understanding to enhance cooperation in this regard.
"Cooperation in preservation of relics is an important part of people-to-people, cultural exchanges between China and the United States," Lu said. "We're willing to make concerted efforts with the United States to enhance exchange and cooperation in preservation of relics, and to make greater contribution to advancing preservation efforts of cultural heritage in the world."
COVID-19 death toll in UK rises by 118 as govt plans...
British jihadi brides shame Muslim men into joining ISIS
US seeks property for Libya embassy closed in Libya in July...
World Cup dark horses: can Ivory Coast win in Brazil?
Merkel: Brexit won't stop EU expansion
China, Bulgaria agree to enhance cooperation through Belt and Road, 16+1
Trump appoints son-in-law as senior adviser
Sonia Gandhi returns as Indian National Congress' interim president
Russia is flexing its muscles in Central America
World Cup Final: Germany conquer the world


The MBTA Transit Police will reach a milestone this December. We as an agency will turn 50 !!!! To celebrate and recognize such an occasion we are having an open house on October 13, 2018 at Transit Police Headquarters, located at 240 Southampton Street, Roxbury, MA., from 11AM to 3PM. This event is open to the public and will feature, free food & ice cream, face painting & temporary tattoos for the children, TPD Commemorative T-shirts, a display of Department resources, K9 demonstrations and a tour of our HQ. If your schedule permits we would love to see you there, meet some Transit Police officers, learn some of our history and enjoy some great tasting food.


This hotel was perfect if you're traveling alone or with the family the hotel has plenty of room. It has a washer and dryer and a full kitchen. You're located in Old Town with things to do for the old and the young. Walking distance to plenty of restaurants. I will definitely stay here again when I travel with my friends or family.
Amazing location if you're planning on visiting Old Town and Fun Spot, they're right across the street. We had a 2 bed/2 bath suite and it was huge! Definitely a nice layout & plenty of room for entertaining & just chilling out. The more time spent in the suite you'll notice little things that can use a bit of TLC; a rip in the screen on the porch, a broken floor molding- but nothing major or noticeable right away. It was cleaner than most rooms I've been in but again, upon closer inspection you may see something that was missed (like a spill/splatter on the inside the laundry closet door). When we first arrived it was impressive, we had to announce ourselves through an intercom before they opened the gate which was somewhat comforting- we previously stayed at another hotel in Orlando that was very sketchy. After checking in you'll have a code to open the gate & there's a pedestrian walkway as well. It's a quick enough ride to SeaWorld & Disney Parks as well as the other Fun Spot in Orlando. For the price it was a no brainer.
Everything was fine with our stay. The only downside was the towel situation. The rooms don't get daily cleaning, therefore you don't get clean towels. Since they are all the same white color towels, it is impossible to know who used what towel. When I asked the front desk for towels, they said you need to provide them with a 24hour notice. I find this ridiculous. Since they probably had towels in the office and could easily exchange the used ones for new ones. Either way, this was very inconvinient for our family. I think we prefer to stay in an actual hotel that offers services like this. In addition, the elevator was not working. We could not press the 1st floor to leave. So we would go to the 2nd floor and drag our luggage down the steps. Other than this, the place was nice, clean, and I would say OK.
Took so long to check in. Room was old and dirty.
Great for groups and family!
The apartments are clean and very well maintained. The kitchen has everything that you need. This is very convenient for long stays. Very comfortable to house the whole family in the apartment. Great for family or groups stay.


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Before I take off for the road here are a couple of videos I edited quick. They have some good sends from this summer and fall. Special thanks to Charlie Barrett, Flannery Shay Niemrow, Kiel Mahar, Eric Sanchez, and Brad Perry. Enjoy.


Image Title: Antique Brass Three Piece Faucet 8 Inch Spread Within Prepare 1. Filename: antique-brass-three-piece-faucet-8-inch-spread-within-prepare-1.jpg. Image Dimension: 450 x 400 pixels. Images Format: jpg/jpeg. Publisher/Author: Rasheed Hermann. Uploaded Date: Sunday - May 06th. 2018 23:36:10 PM. Category: Architecture. Image Source: hgtv.com.
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Located in the San Bernardino Mountains at an elevation of 6750 feet. Big Bear is Southern California's favorite four-season recreation land. It's lovely lake and vast pine forest is a haven for visitors from all areas. We have mild summers and plenty of snow in the winters to offer every sport enthusiast their favorite activities. However, the original settlers did not seek the thrill of fighting trout or a downhill run on skis. They were here only to find 'Gold'!
in pursuit of Indians who had been raiding the south land ranchos down the mountain.
California, eventually led to the search in more distant areas for the yellow metal. This included our very own Bear Valley. There is still evidence of these miners, and their claims, throughout the area. Late at night, as the winds gently blow through the forests, you can still hear the sounds of the miners as they toil and each dream of the riches of finding the 'Mother Lode'. There was a lot of gold found, however claims are that the real 'Mother Lode' has yet to be discovered!


The list of accessories that you can use as a men is smaller than women's list. However, if you know how to match it correctly, and make inspired combinations, the results are spectacular.
First, the fact that you chose to wear cufflinks means that you value your appearance and you pay attention to details. Sure, a suit, a shirt and a tie can show that you are a true gentleman, but a pair of cufflinks make a significant addition to your refinement.
Cufflinks are an essential accessory for a business meeting or a special event. Can be suitable for variety of occasions and outfits and can give a splash of color image to your outfit.
They are also, a symbol of wealth and style. Many men run away from this investment and choose the most common and cheaper: buttoned shirt and tie. But those who focus on image and their status will be obviously in advantage choosing cufflinks.


text:
Q: What are the adavantages of neutral vs. isolated grounding? While studying "Neutral grounding" I've come to know that advantage of neutral grounding is

*

*Voltage to ground are limited to phase voltage.

*The high Voltages due to arching faults or transient line to ground faults are eliminated.

And some advantages of isolated neutral

*

*Possibility of maintaining a supply even with fault on one line.

Can anybody explain me clearly these advantages of neutral and isolated grounding. I don't understand these at all.
I am attaching images of source thorough I've read these concept for reference:
.

A:
simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab
Figure 1. (a) Grounded at supply transformer secondary. (b) Isolated secondary.
Grounded

*

*In Figure 1a we have a grounded supply. Since one of the lines from the transformer is connected to ground the voltage on it is "neutralised" and so we have Line and Neutral.

*If we get an earth fault at A nothing happens. The line remains neutralised. You might ask why we don't eliminate the ground wire: that's because the earth is not a reliable or particularly good conductor and resistance varies with soil conditions, etc.

*If we get an earth fault at B we will trip a fuse or circuit breaker (not shown). The first fault will shut down the supply.

Isolated

*

*In Figure 1b there is no ground connection at the supply transformer.

*If we get an earth fault at C then the setup becomes like that of (a) and operation can continue.

*If we get an earth fault at D (not simultaneous with C above) then we have the same situation with LINE1 becoming N and LINE2 becoming live.

Fault detection
The isolated circuit means that operation can continue so the setup is "fault tolerant". This is of little use unless some indication is given that a fault has occurred and that it is scheduled to be repaired.

simulate this circuit
Figure 2. A simple earth fault detection system.
Figure 2 shows a simple earth fault detection system. In normal operation both phases will be pulled towards ground by the lamps which should glow at about half brightness.
If an earth fault occurs on LINE2 there will be no voltage across the LINE 1 FAULT lamp so it will turn off. Meanwhile the LINE1 lamp will have full voltage across it and will go to full brightness.
In power distribution systems they will use something more reliable than a lamp. They may also deliberately switch the faulted line to ground at the substation to keep it neutralised as there may be a chance the cable is lying on the ground and this would present a shock hazard to people and animals.

A:
And some advantages of isolated neutral

*

*Possibility of maintaining a supply even with fault on one line

Power supply utility can switch off faulty line in a controlled manner, while with grounded neutral the same fault will result with tripped breakers immediately. The isolated ground system are not used in homes etc. due to safety risks (possible high voltages, arcing).