text:
Die Rechtsanwaltsordnung (RAO) regelt in Österreich das Berufsrecht der Rechtsanwälte, das heißt die Rechte und Pflichten, die der Rechtsanwalt gegenüber Mandanten und Dritten zu beachten hat, sowie diverse weitere berufsrechtliche Fragen.

Die Befugnis zur umfassenden berufsmäßigen Parteienvertretung ist den Rechtsanwälten gemäß RAO vorbehalten.

Die Rechtsanwaltsordnung ist nach § 1 iVm § 4 DSt ausschließlich auf Rechtsanwälte und Rechtsanwaltsanwärter anzuwenden.

Historie
Die Rechtsanwaltsordnung wurde 1868 unter dem Titel: "Gesetz vom 6. Juli 1868, womit eine Advocatenordnung eingeführt wird" publiziert. Mit dieser Advocatenordnung wurde die provisorische Advocatenordnung vom 16. August 1849 (RGBl. 364) aufgehoben. Per Gesetz wurde 1919 die Bezeichnung "Advokat" in "Rechtsanwalt", "Advokaturkandidat" in "Rechtsanwaltsanwärter", die "Advokatenkammer" in "Rechtsanwaltskammer" umbenannt (wie dies in Deutschland seit der Rechtsanwaltsordnung 1878 üblich war).

Die berufsgesetzlich wesentlichste Neuregelung der Advokatenordnung (nun RAO) war, dass es zur Ausübung der Rechtsanwaltschaft keiner behördlichen Ernennung mehr bedurfte, sondern lediglich der Nachweisung der Erfüllung der nachfolgenden Erfordernisse und der Eintragung in die Liste der Rechtsanwälte. Dadurch wurde die Selbstverwaltung und Autonomie des Rechtsanwaltsstandes, zusammen mit der Schaffung der Rechtsanwaltskammern und mit der Disziplinargewalt über deren Mitglieder, erheblich gestärkt.

Durch den Anschluss Österreichs an das Deutsche Reich (siehe: Österreich in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus) wurde die Rechtsanwaltsordnung und die Autonomie (Selbstverwaltung) der österreichischen Rechtsanwaltskammern ebenfalls bald ganz beseitigt. Zahlreiche in die Rechtsanwaltsliste eingetragene Rechtsanwälte wurden aus der Liste gestrichen. Am 11. Juni 1938 wird die Ernennung des Rechtsanwalts durch den Reichsjustizminister eingeführt. Dies bedeutete für die bisherige Selbstverwaltung der Rechtsanwälte gemäß RAO einen erheblichen Rückschritt. 1941 wird sodann die Reichs-Rechtsanwaltsordnung eingeführt.

Nach Wiedereinführung der Österreichischen Bundesverfassung und der Wiederherstellung der Demokratie wurde mit Gesetz vom 31. Juli 1945 über die Wiederherstellung der österreichischen Rechtsanwaltschaft (Rechtsanwaltsordnung 1945 – RAO 1945) die Rechtsanwaltsordnung (1868) und das Disziplinarstatut (1872) in der Fassung vom 13. März 1938 wieder in Kraft gesetzt.

Am 29. September 1972 konstituiert sich der Österreichische Rechtsanwaltskammertag in Innsbruck als Verein und wurde am 8. November 1973 eine Körperschaft öffentlichen Rechts. Durch die Novelle der Rechtsanwaltsordnung 1973 erfolgte die gesetzliche Verankerung der Dachorganisation "Österreichischer Rechtsanwaltskammertag" als öffentlich-rechtliche Körperschaft.

Gesetzesgliederung
Die Hauptgliederung der Rechtsanwaltsordnung erfolgt in Artikel, Abschnitte und Paragraphen.

Artikel I (Einführung der Advocatenordnung/Rechtsanwaltsordnung)

Artikel II (Außerkrafttreten der provisorische Rechtsanwaltsordnung vom 16. August 1849)

Artikel III (Konstituierung der neuen Rechtsanwaltskammern und deren Ausschüsse)

Artikel IV (Abgaben für die Eintragung in die Rechtsanwaltsliste)

Artikel V (Vollziehung dieses Gesetzes)

 I. Abschnitt (Erfordernisse zur Ausübung der Rechtsanwaltschaft), §§ 1 bis 7.

 II. Abschnitt (Rechte und Pflichten der Rechtsanwälte), §§ 8 bis 21g.

 III. Abschnitt (Die Rechtsanwaltskammer und deren Ausschuss), §§ 22 bis 33.

 IV. Abschnitt (Erlöschung der Rechtsanwaltschaft), § 34

 V. ABSCHNITT (Österreichischer Rechtsanwaltskammertag), §§ 35 bis 44.

 VI. ABSCHNITT (Bestellung von Rechtsanwälten, besonders zur Verfahrenshilfe), §§ 45 und 46.

 VII. ABSCHNITT (Pauschalvergütung, Alters-, Berufsunfähigkeits- und Hinterbliebenenversorgung), § 47 bis 56a.

 VIII. ABSCHNITT (Strafbestimmungen), §§ 57 und 58.

 IX. Abschnitt (Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit), § 59.

Artikel VI und XVI (Umsetzung von Gemeinschaftsrecht)

Normative Ergänzungen der RAO
Die aus dem Jahr 1868 stammende RAO wurde mehrfach novelliert und den geänderten gesellschaftlichen und berufsrechtlichen Bedürfnissen angepasst.

Die RAO wird ergänzt durch das Disziplinarstatut (DSt), die Richtlinien zur Berufsausübung der Rechtsanwälte und Rechtsanwaltsanwärter (RL-BA). Auf europäischer Ebene durch die Berufsregeln der Rechtsanwälte der Europäischen Union (EU-Standesregeln, EU-Berufsregeln) sowie spezieller Regelungen im EIRAG, in der ZPO, StPO, StGB, AVG, UWG und andere Normen.

Honorarrechtlich durch das Rechtsanwaltstarifgesetz (RATG) und die Allgemeinen Honorar-Kriterien (AHK).

Web-ERV
Die Rechtsanwaltsordnung sieht in § 9 Abs. 1a die Verpflichtung der österreichischen Rechtsanwaltschaft zur Teilnahme am Elektronischen Rechtsverkehr vor. Die Verpflichtung trifft nur in Österreich in die Liste der Rechtsanwälte eingetragene Rechtsanwälte und solche, die sich in Österreich im Rahmen der EU bzw. EWR-Niederlassungsfreiheit dauerhaft niedergelassen haben.

Literatur

Weblinks
 Allgemeine Honorar-Kriterien, veröffentlicht von der Rechtsanwaltskammer Wien

Einzelnachweise

Rechtsquelle (Österreich)
Rechtsquelle (19. Jahrhundert)
Anwaltschaft in Österreich


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Rhinolophus virgo () è un Pipistrello della famiglia dei Rinolofidi endemico delle Filippine.

Descrizione

Dimensioni
Pipistrello di piccole dimensioni, con la lunghezza totale tra 62 e 73 mm, la lunghezza dell'avambraccio tra 37 e 44 mm, la lunghezza della coda tra 16 e 26 mm, la lunghezza del piede tra 7 e 10 mm, la lunghezza delle orecchie tra 17 e 21 mm e un peso fino a 7 g.

Aspetto
Le parti dorsali variano dal rossastro all'arancione-rossastro, mentre le parti ventrali sono leggermente più chiare. Le orecchie sono piccole. La foglia nasale presenta una lancetta allungata, triangolare e con i bordi leggermente concavi, un processo connettivo basso e con il profilo arrotondato, una sella con i bordi paralleli, leggermente stretta al centro e con la base più larga dell'estremità arrotondata. La porzione anteriore è molto piccola e stretta, con una foglietta supplementare sotto di essa. Il labbro inferiore ha tre solchi longitudinali. La coda è lunga ed inclusa completamente nell'ampio uropatagio. Il primo premolare superiore è grande e situato lungo la linea alveolare.

Biologia

Comportamento
Si rifugia all'interno di grotte e talvolta nelle cavità degli alberi.

Alimentazione
Si nutre di insetti.

Distribuzione e habitat
Questa specie è diffusa nelle Isole Filippine: Batan, Bohol, Busuanga, Provincia di Camiguin, Camotes, Catanduanes, Cebu, Dondonay, Gigantes, Jolo, Leyte, Lubang, Luzon, Maripipi, Mindanao, Mindoro, Negros, Palawan, Panay, Sabtang, Sibuyan e Tablas.

Vive nelle foreste primarie, foreste secondarie di pianura, foreste montane e anche in zone agricole tra 250 e 1.100 metri di altitudine.

Stato di conservazione
La IUCN Red List, considerato il vasto areale, la popolazione presumibilmente numerosa e la tolleranza alle modifiche ambientali, classifica R.virgo come specie a rischio minimo (LC).

Note

Bibliografia

Altri progetti

Microchirotteri
Fauna endemica delle Filippine
Taxa classificati da Knud Christian Andersen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Photography has always been a popular medium for works of art since it was first introduced. Family portraits, however, are fast being overtaken as the preferred subject matter for contemporary photography. Many amateur photographers are trying to break into the professional world by displaying their work on the internet. It is these online galleries that have led to an increase in the number of people buying contemporary photography.
There are a number of different reasons that people are buying contemporary photography. One of the most popular is for use on the internet. These types of photographs are incorporated into websites on a wide variety of subjects. The easiest method of buying photography for this type of use is through one of the thousands of stock photography sites that are on the internet. The standard of these photographs can vary greatly, as do the prices that they command. A person can obtain the rights to download and use a particular piece of contemporary photography for a very small price, or even free on the understanding that they have an acknowledgement of the photographer and link to their portfolio on the site that the photograph is used. Other websites charge large fees for the use of photographs from more professional and renowned photographers.
Buying contemporary photography from an internet stock photograph site is a good way of gauging the market and searching for a photographer whose work you enjoy. You could spend days browsing the galleries available unless you have an idea of the subject matter or style of photography that you require. It is worth taking a look at a few selections to give yourself some inspiration if you are finding the choice overwhelming. Also bear in mind the intended location for your photograph and the style of frame that you want to display it in. These can all have an influence on your final choice.
Of course, the advancements in digital photography have led to a large amount of contemporary photographs involving enhancements or effects. You may enjoy this type of photograph, or prefer the days of black and white photography. Either way, there is no end of places that you can use to source the perfect picture if you are intent on buying contemporary photography.
Many art colleges have photography courses and their students' work is displayed at regular open evenings. This is an ideal method of discovering an up and coming photographer and buying some of their earliest work. These are always full of innovative and unique photographs from students keen to break into professional photography. Often many photographs are for sale at extremely low prices. You may even be able to buy a selection from one photographer for a fraction of the cost it would be to buy one from a more established professional.
At the other end of the scale, there are numerous professional photographers who you can commission particular styles of photography from. You can even specify the subject matter. There really is no limit to the type of contemporary photographs that you can buy, apart from the size of your budget.


Working from home has a lot of ups and downs, but my one gripe is not having enough time to accomplish major projects uninterrupted. Between errand running, grocery shopping and dental appointments..sometimes I feel like I hardly have time to breathe. Now that I have ironed out some major, inevitable, changes; I can move forward with all the fun stuff.
I've made some recent purchases that arrived on time to complete some upcoming videos and audios. There's a lot of writing and background work going on now, but I will soon be at the point where I need to be so I can share it with all my amazing peeps.
From now until the 2015, will be nothing but progress… and I can't wait!


Glenburnie has been in the Strachan family since 1968, originally a family home but is now run by Graeme Strachan as an upmarket guest house. The very fact that they are still going strong when so many others have failed is a testament to the fact that they've gotten the formula right for providing visitors with exactly what they need – and want.
Check-in is available from 3pm and departure by 10.30am.
There are 12 en-suite rooms all of which have been individually decorated using beautiful fabrics and colour schemes, yet still, manage to retain many of the house's original Victorian features. It offers spacious and comfortable accommodation, some with sea views, complimentary Wi-Fi, flat screen televisions, together with tea and coffee making facilities. A lovely touch was the 'honesty' box containing a selection of sweets, crisps, (chips for my US readers), and canned soft drinks.
Room nine on the second floor has some stunning views.
The location on Soroba Road is on the outskirts of the town, but within an easy and gentle level stroll into the town centre. Oban is known as the 'Gateway to the Isles', not without good reason as we watched numerous boats in all sizes enter and leave the port.
On arrival, we managed to get the car parked, but, in the height of summer during peak season, you might struggle as the bays are very narrow. Please be aware that there are steps leading into the entrance vestibule so check before booking for disabled access arrangements. Similarly, there is no lift to the upper floors, although Glenburnie does have two ground floor rooms.
The welcome received from our owner Graeme was warm and friendly. He's a chatty individual, and a mine of local information making for a perfect host. We had booked two rooms and were promptly shown to rooms six and nine. He even made a taxi reservation for us for later in the evening.
The house is full of nice homely touches.
Room six was a light and spacious twin bedded room located on the first floor with views over the woodland area to the rear of Glenburnie. It has to be said, compared with the rooms which overlook the front of the house, and therefore have sea views, this room is lacking. It overlooks what appears to be an extension to the building, and, if I'm being honest, is not somewhere you'll want to sit and admire as a special holiday view. The décor was inoffensive using a colour palette of duck egg and cream. The room also features en-suite facilities. However, it must be borne in mind, that these rear-facing rooms are less expensive than those offering sea views, such as was offered in room nine.
Triple aspect windows give panoramic views across Oban Bay.
The room had ample clothing storage space in matching distressed white furniture and a built-in wardrobe for hanging space. Our room contained a desk to work at should you be on a business trip with plenty of lighting options available. There was a helpful folder of local information, as well as the owners' opinions on a selection of eating choices. The guest house does not provide evening meals at this time.
And the piece de resistance – the mattress. Now I'll readily admit to being a 'larger than life' character, therefore a thin mattress doesn't do it for me. I slept so well in this bed, that I stripped back the sheets to discover it was a Hypnos mattress. This is the same company who supply HM The Queen and have received her Royal Warrant.
But, it really was those triple aspect views which sealed the deal. Not only permitting natural light to stream in, making for a light and airy feel to the room, but I'd happily have sat there for hours, gin and tonic in hand, watching the world go by, sedately on Oban Bay. Please note the establishment is not licensed, but guests are free to take their own drink into the room.
The en-suite was, like the room, a good size containing period replica sanitary ware, a double shower featuring a rainfall head, which, at the time of our visit was about to be replaced with a feature, marble-tiled unit. Lighting was good, and there was plenty of bathroom storage for even the most high-maintenance of women (and some guys I know). Free locally sourced toiletries were provided and an ample supply of good quality, fluffy, white cotton towels.
At the time of my visit – October 2018, prices ranged from £55-£75 per person per night. These rates include a full Scottish breakfast, which included cereals, fruits, croissants, home-made jams, as well as the obligatory full Scottish cooked breakfast. Just the thing to set you up for the day.
A lovely selection of fresh fruits, cereals etc were on offer at breakfast.
The Glenburnie received a TripAdvisor 'Certificate of excellence' in 2017, and I'd say it was a well-deserved accolade. This is a very friendly guest house, and, unlike many hotels who simply cannot provide this level of personalised service, it's small enough, with only 12 rooms, to be able to offer something different – and in this case, different is very good!
The communal sitting room contains plenty of comfortable seating by an open fire, perfect for listening to any guest who might feel like giving their fellow visitors an impromptu session on the piano.
The dining room, again with sea views, showcases the owner's quirky design features with tables made from reclaimed building materials, but, as odd as that might sound – it works.
A pleasant experience eating in this dining room.
From Oban you can catch a ferry service to Mull, Lismore, Islay, Coll, Tiree and many more via Caledonian MacBrayne ferries – see website for island info via this link.
Or obtain ferry service timetables from Caledonian MacBrayne on their website here.
And, if you're in Oban, why not visit one of Scotland's best seafood restaurants Ee-Usk. My review for it can be found here.


Trust (n) – reliance on the integrity, strength, ability, surety, etc., of a person or thing; confidence. If one word can completely define the philosophy of a wine, then trust is it.
trust is about partnerships and friendships; a continuous thread of ownership and involvement by winemakers Don Lewis and Narelle King. A partnership formed from mutual respect and similar ideals. A friendship forged from a shared love of good food and great wine.
trust is about dependability; knowing that every time you drink this wine, it will be an exceptional experience.
© KBL Wines Pty Ltd. All Rights Reserved.


The new Department of Commerce contract for Information Asset Management Systems (IAMS) has been issued. The vendors listed on the new contract have provided the most competitive prices so far for their products for NSW Government agencies. The contract can also be used by Councils, State owned corporations and even NGOs!
It is fantastic to see such great work coming out of GCIO and State Records! Hopefully there can be more joint endeavours.
I am excited about the new IAMS contract and, in particular, the fact that the products cater for all size agencies – big and small.


text:
ART DIRECTION: For the best achievement in art direction of a blackand-
white production.
For the best achievement in art direction of a color
(The Academy plaque shall be given to the Set
Decorators on the pictures which win the Art
Direction Awards.)
CINEMATOGRAPHY: For the best achievement in cinematography of a
black-and-white production .
DIRECTING:
FILM EDITING:
SHORT SUBJECTS:
For the best achievement in cinematography of a
color production.
For the best achievement in costume design of a
black-and-white production.
For the best achievement in directing.
For the best achievement in film editing.
For the outstanding achievements in music in connection
with motion pictures :
(a ) Best scoring of a musical picture.
(b ) Best music score of a dramatic or comedy
(c ) Best original song.
For the best motion picture.
For the best achievement in each of three classification
s :
(a) Cartoons.
(b) 1,000-foot subjects.
(c) Subjects between 1,000 and 3,000 feet.
SOUND RECORDING: For the best achievement by a studio sound department.
WRITING: For the best motion picture story.
For the best screenplay.
For the best story and screenplay.
Not necessarily given each year.
Full text ART DIRECTION: For the best achievement in art direction of a blackand- white production. For the best achievement in art direction of a color production. (The Academy plaque shall be given to the Set Decorators on the pictures which win the Art Direction Awards.) CINEMATOGRAPHY: For the best achievement in cinematography of a black-and-white production . COSTUME DESIGN: DIRECTING: FILM EDITING: MUSIC: PRODUCTION: SHORT SUBJECTS: For the best achievement in cinematography of a color production. For the best achievement in costume design of a black-and-white production. For the best achievement in costume design of a color production. For the best achievement in directing. For the best achievement in film editing. For the outstanding achievements in music in connection with motion pictures : (a ) Best scoring of a musical picture. (b ) Best music score of a dramatic or comedy picture. (c ) Best original song. For the best motion picture. For the best achievement in each of three classification s : (a) Cartoons. (b) 1,000-foot subjects. (c) Subjects between 1,000 and 3,000 feet. SOUND RECORDING: For the best achievement by a studio sound department. WRITING: For the best motion picture story. For the best screenplay. For the best story and screenplay. THREE Other Awards Not necessarily given each year. Page Four

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Linked Editorial Featured, outdoors, travel
These are the voyages of five Scottish figures that made it their business to explore strange new worlds, to seek out new life and new civilizations, and to boldly go where no one had gone before.
The Scots do seem to crop up everywhere, within every land and culture, with many having made a significant contribution. The following individuals all made such a journey, and all have left some sort of legacy.
John Muir (1838-1914)
Muir was a pioneer of conservation and 'Father of the National Parks'.
Born in Dunbar, East Lothian, Muir's family left for a new life in Wisconsin, USA, when he was only eleven. Here Muir developed a passion for all thing botanical and natural, and though his university credits indicate he never actually graduated, but studied a diverse range of topics.
After his eclectic education, he explored widely in the US and Canada, writing of his experiences and discoveries. In September 1867, Muir undertook a walk of about 1,000 miles from Indiana to Florida, which he recounted in his book, A Thousand-Mile Walk to the Gulf. He also explored Yosemite Valley and was integral to its protection.
Muir was the founder of the US National Park system, forming the Sierra Club to protect the environment, and has parks and buildings named after him both in Scotland and the US.
The John Muir Trust now exists to protect the UK's wild places. The trust owns and manages six estates in Scotland (c 47 000 acres): Knoydart, Sconser, Strathaird and Torrin (Isle of Skye), Schiehallion (Perth & Kinross) and Sandwood in Sutherland.
William Spears Bruce (1867-1921)
Although technically not Scottish, he was the son of a Scottish medic, studied at Edinburgh University and owned a house in Portobello, so let's claim him as our own. Spears was an oceanographer and Polar Explorer, famously advising Robert Falcon Scott that his supply stations were too widely spaced. Hence Scott's failed attempt to reach the South Pole.
Spears was one of the first to explore the Antarctic, discovering Coats Land a 240km stretch of the coast of the Antarctic continent. It was named after the Paisley thread-manufacturing family to which the main financial backers of the expedition belonged.
Spears also founded the Scottish Oceanographical Society, the Scottish Ski Club and Edinburgh Zoo. For the latter, he nabbed some penguins from his forays in the Antarctic.
Dr John Rae (1813-1893)
John Rae discovered the final navigable link in the Northwest Passage (a sea route in the Arctic joining the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean) – but has been treated unfairly in the history books, with this discovery being credited to Sir John Franklin and Sir Robert McClure.
Born at the Hall of Clestrain, Ophir, in Orkney, Rae first studied medicine at Edinburgh and then went into the service of the Hudson's Bay Company as a surgeon on board The Prince of Wales. This was bound for the North Atlantic and Arctic. He worked as a surgeon and general trader in James Bay, Canada, and effectively learned the survival techniques and ways of the local Inuit and Cree Indians.
Rae mapped hundreds of uncharted Canadian coastal miles and in 1948 undertook an expedition to find out what happened to the ill-fated Royal Navy Expedition (lead by Sir John Franklin) that had set out to discover the Northwest Passage. He found that their ship had been trapped by ice and many had died from illness, but the local Inuit people filled-in the blanks. Cannibalism had been a last resort for these unfortunate men to try to survive.
Exploring a further thousand miles of this uncharted coastline in the area where he searched for Franklin, Rae made a crucial discovery. What was thought to be 'King William Land' was actually an island, and that the strait separating it from the mainland ('Rae Strait' ) was the last uncharted link in the Northwest Passage.
On his return, his news of what happened to the Franklin Expedition was shocking and unacceptable to Victorian England. Lead by Franklin's wife, efforts were made to discredit Rae, and he was not credited with the discovery. Instead, Franklin was.
Fatal Passage – The Untold Story of John Rae the Arctic Explorer Who Discovered the Fate of Franklin' by Ken McGoogan.) www.orcadian.co.uk/books/index.html
Basil Hall (1788-1844)
Proved that the pen is mightier than the sword by writing books and keeping journals that give a wonderful insight to the world during his lifetime.
Born In Edinburgh, Hall joined the Navy and quickly reached the rank of Captain. Commanding a number of vessels involved with scientific and diplomatic expeditions, these missions brought him into contact with interesting people and places.
In Spain he saw the dying Sir John Moore being carried from the battlefield in Corunna and in 1817 had an audience and interview with Napoleon. In 1824 he spent time at the home of Sir Walter Scott, writing about the author's domestic life.
When he left the navy, he and his wife continued to travel, with Hall writing many informative and memorable books about his experiences, as well as many published scientific papers:
The Fragments of Voyages and Travels
Account of a Voyage of Discovery to the West Coast of Corea and the Great Loo-Choo Island in the Japan Sea
Winter in Lower Styria
Extracts from a Journal Written on the Coasts of Chile, Peru and Mexico
Sir Sandford Fleming (1827-1915)
Born in Kirkcaldy, Fleming was an engineer and an inventor, but is perhaps best known as 'The Time Lord', having proposed the creation of Standard Time, and worldwide time zones.
In fact, this Scot was involved in a number of remarkable things.
Fleming was chief engineer of the Canadian Pacific Railway and surveyed the first rail route across Canada, designed their first postage stamp, and successfully championed the Trans-Pacific telegraph cable that was put in from Vancouver to Australia.
With the introduction of railways, it became highly inconvenient and inefficient to work to a local time. Travelling over any distance by train would involve resetting your watch to local clocks or carrying a number of watches. It made planning train journeys difficult and ineffective, and gave the stationmaster a real headache when dealing with train schedules in local time.
Fleming saw that this couldn't work and devised a universal twenty-four hour clock, dividing the world map into twenty-four time zones.
Basil Hall, Dr John Rae, explorers, John Muir, Sandford Fleming, scottish, scottish history
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I've really slacked on my goal of posting at least once a week… But I've actually been making decent use of my spare time, so I'm still mostly satisfied with my progress with my new year goal of being more mindful of my time. Although I haven't been posting, I've kept it in mind and I've been taking some food pictures. Once again, courtesy of my Motorola Droid (which I am still really fond of).
This is the bread I baked. I'm not in love with the recipe, but it was really simple and now I'm no longer intimidated by the process of baking my own bread. It's tasty enough, and when it comes to eating bread with soup, definitely better than the really cheap grocery store bread my roomate and I buy.
Due to my lack of a proper bread knife (buying one tomorrow), my slices are a bit thick. While this makes it essentially impossible to use for most sandwiches, it still works out well for grilled cheese, since I pull it apart and dip it into soup. I didn't discover the combination of grilled cheese and tomato soup till late high school or early college, but I love it. Soup and bread in general is a pretty new idea for me, because I didn't have much exposure to non-Ghanaian soups growing up.
And here you can see my general set up (note the grilled cheese + tomato soup!). This is where I study (and not study; those two books aren't textbooks). The exercise ball is my chair, and is supposed to help with my posture but I cheat and often sit without either of my feet on the floor. I'm not sure why, but I really like pictures of desks. There are 13 stuffed animals in this picture… 9 were gifts! Of the four I bought, 3 are dragons and the other is the guinea pig (it was really cute! I couldn't resist). I've been meaning to move about half of them to the top of my bookshelf.
Proof that medical students do have social lives. We even cook together! And sometimes we socialize outside of our class! Two of the four of us were grad students. This was dinner… Thursday? Very delicious, and aside from the rosemary potatoes, all variations of Chinese dishes. I played a sous chef role and did prep work like chopping vegetables.
And this is from yesterday. I set my laptop on the counter behind me and hooked it up to portable speakers so I could listen to lectures while cooking (why would I go to class when I could do this instead?). I got a kick out of being "professional" and prepping all my vegetables first and having them in bowls. I made black bean soup (read 2 recipes and then ran with it, my general cooking style. I only have patience to follow measurements when it comes to baking) and I'll be making lentil soup tomorrow. I was a little heavy handed with the seasoning, but that works since it's really thick and would benefit from being watered down a tiny bit before eating.
That ends my gratuitous picture post! Not too bad for a camera phone, I think. Focus could be better, definitely, but I think the quality is sufficient for this kind of use. Okay, time to pay attention to the lecture I was "listening" to while writing this.


What a story! This year has had some amazing story lines, but none more entertaining and riveting than the Vegas Golden Knights. Read more!
Is It Time To Say The Golden Knights are for Real?
We all probably had our doubt about them, I know I (Jordie) did. When I saw their lineup after the expansion draft I had them as a winning half their games and maybe scrapping into the playoffs. Well, as Patrick Hoffman says in the latest "HOFFensive Zone" Blog : "it is time to acknowledge the Golden Knights". Read more!


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Listed below are comments made by bobbypiresalltimeeleven between Saturday, 28th August 2010 and Sunday, 17th December 2017.
42381736 09:44am on 17 Dec 2017 Wonderful football with fine players and a great manager.
However, what is this club, and others like it, and their business model doing to the game? Are supporters disenfranchised and disinterested? Is the only way to compete to lower yourselves to that level?
42040980 08:33am on 19 Nov 2017 The Arsenal are being remarkably consistent. This article could have been written about us during any one of the previous four seasons.
Should our great man go? I'd say yes as it looks as though these players aren't giving him their best. Will he go? No. Does our Club and its current owner want a new, dynamic, more demanding manager? I doubt it.
41624826 1:39pm on 20 Oct 2017 The togetherness of our squad is often underrated. Together they capitulated at Stoke, Liverpool, and Watford. Five PL away wins against top half clubs in the previous four seasons points towards where this squad is going, in the opposite direction to the value of the club. Stan's is ok with that though eh! Would an Arsene Wenger of 21 years ago have been?
41227374 04:26am on 15 Sep 2017 The crowd at Arsenal are so middle class these days, they've been skiing and everyfink!
41167041 12:28pm on 06 Sep 2017 I hope the BBC present Motty with a pair of golden tweezers. Will they though, I don't know, you tell me.
40136827 07:45am on 03 Jun 2017 Wonderful idea. Tell FIFA to put a bid into the four Associations and we'll consider it.
40071519 08:22am on 28 May 2017 Would the Arsene Wenger of 21 years ago have aligned himself to a board of directors with this little ambition and ability? If not then our great man is not being true to himself now. He is not the problem but is helping to exasperate it.
The Club need a change of direction and an owner who is Arsenal through and through.
Theresa May accuses EU of trying to affect UK election 5:02pm on 03 May 2017 Tory spin to ensure Labour Brexiteers vote Conservative. Tactically brilliant. One horse race, even Spurs couldn't blow it from here.
Uber PR boss Rachel Whetstone latest to quit company 04:26am on 12 Apr 2017 Dear Dave and George, thanks a bunch. Now that you two losers are nowhere this filth realise I've got no influence and I'll have to move on. If I end up having to take Übers because of you two then I won't be happy.
Love Rach xx
FA Cup: Chelsea manager Rafael Benitez's tactics silences doubters 4:28pm on 11 Mar 2013 Actively charting for the managers head during a game. Classy!
Fellow Gooners beware. This is how you could end up, like a Chelsea fan.
Presumably when wanting their Chelsea back the fans did mean post not pre RA.
Ivan Gazidis: Arsenal will compete with biggest clubs in the world 8:12pm on 15 Nov 2012 Lots of squabbling over who's club spent what on which players.
Isn't the point not what you spend but how you came by the money?
If Man U outspend us then fair play, they earn a lot of money. If we're looking for the moral high ground won't it have a load of Evertonians on it?
Ivan Gazidis: Arsenal will compete with biggest clubs in the world 8:02pm on 15 Nov 2012 I fully support what our club is trying to achieve. Respect to all clubs trying to do the same at whatever level. If Arsenal do go on to win again it will have been done against incredible odds.
Who wants their club to become a billionaires plaything? Who, apart from their own supporters, puts any real value on what these clubs achieve.
Fabregas dilemma highlights tough times at Arsenal 12:53pm on 25 Jun 2011 Of course our captain will leave us, it's what he can do for us until that time that counts.
If he help the club move forward to success and does another four years then Arsenal could consider letting him go for nothing after twelve years service, having cost nothing.
I expect the actual event will be somewhere in between.
Fabregas dilemma highlights tough times at Arsenal 12:27pm on 25 Jun 2011 I believe Cesc will go to Barca in the next two years, but I do not agree that he will stay with us with a half hearted effort. IMO he wants to do a job to be proud of and will give his all with us until Barca make their move for him.
As for his value, were he at a club who said they would sell him to anyone for £35m then how many clubs would bid? I think even Arsenal would.
Athletics chief makes crucial intervention 7:43pm on 20 Jan 2011 Would UK Athletics want to keep the stadium for themselves if they had to maintain it and have athletics use it "at it's core"? Could they make it viable? I'd wonder if athletics has that sort of support.
If not then the OPLC need to find someone who will take the stadium off their hands, and quick, before the thing starts costing us even more money, a la Millennium Dome.
I suggest gifting it to Newham Council and offering West Ham and Tottenham a ground share option. WHU to gift their stadium to the council, if they own the site.
Blatter expects winter World Cup in 2022 9:06pm on 07 Jan 2011 All we need to sort this mess out is a stand-up, play it straight, morally strong forward thinking organisation to sort FIFA out.
English FA, UEFA?? Or maybe we could send John Terry, after all he sorted that Fabio bloke out!
Fun is the key to England's football future 7:12pm on 15 Dec 2010 The FA laid out mini-soccer, made it mandatory and then arrogantly never re-visited the game, presumably because as they implemented it there must not be any problems.
Perhaps it is that same arrogance that managed to achieve just one or two votes, depending on whether our man voted for us, from world football for their world cup bid. The only reason we got the second vote was so the six that promised us could say "that was me".
Enlist now: your country needs you 2:22pm on 22 Sep 2010 The need for an extra 32,000 coaches won't be to play catch up with the rest of Europe but the need for the FA to re-fill their coffers at approx £140 a time.
The Arsene Wenger approach doesn't harm Arsenal, quite the opposite, but may detract from the FA's income. "Little Johnny's dad" might lose interest in buying the latest rip-off national shirt if his beloved gooners aren't english.
Does any other national association own their own stadium? So many snouts in the trough, all jostling for postion.
Premier League fun for all - at a cost 09:24am on 28 Aug 2010 My season ticket at The WengArenA works out at £37 a game, second cheapest, which compares well to quoted prices at Gillingham or Blackburn.
Wigan away was £20, Blackburn is £35. Both clubs can't sell their ground out but Blackburn want 75 per cent more!!
English clubs should demand standing areas be returned and priced reasonably. We're still an independent nation, aren't we?


Sunny adds big Southwestern flavor to everyone's favorite, chicken pot pie.
Marc Murphy's Roasted Chicken With Vegetables is simple food done right.
Border Grill's Pollo Ciudad is grilled chicken with a spiced-up Latin beat.


'Western academia' has considerably diversified over the past fifty years with many students and staff now having some form of caring responsibilities.
Despite this, academic excellence continues to be associated with the 'bachelor boy' (Hinton-Smith, 2012) and academic cultures create a range of issues for those with caring responsibilites.
This group offers a unique lens to explore the way care/rs are positioned by and in academic cultures as they cannot easily renounce 'doing care'.
Dr Marie-Pierre Moreau will be visiting the University of Newcastle (UON) later this month and will be delivering a seminar to explore how university policies and care regimes shape the experiences of academic staff with caring responsibilities.
Dr Moreau's visit to UON is part of the Visiting Scholar Program supported by the Centre of Excellence for Equity in Higher Education.


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« Trying to say nice things today…
Double Your Dose of David »
Batgirl #4 Play-by-Play
November 11th, 2009 by Esther Inglis-Arkell | Tags: batgirl, Batman, bryan q miller, DC comics
Let's start this review with a look at Batgirl #7. What's that you say? It's only issue four? I don't care. We need to look at this awesomeness.
Now, to issue four.
We start with Stephanie studying while her mother asks her if she's sure she doesn't want some air. Stephanie tells her mom that she needs to get her homework done since "The first few nights are always the hardest."
Cue the terrifyingly Batman and Robin-like suiting up of Stephanie in the new Batgirl suit. I'm just going to assume that was a deliberate parody, and pray that it wasn't an homage. Barbara, sporting a nice, tendrily up-do and an (sigh) unbuttoned shirt, tells Stephanie that Barbara will be able to monitor her heartrate and blood pressure from the cave. Stephanie asks her if she put in an ipod jack as well.
Barbara: "I suppose you'll just have to hum."
Okay, heee. But even heee-er? At first I thought Barbara said "I suppose I'll just have to hum." Which sounds both funny and sweet until you realize that Oracle is entirely capable of doing her duties while going, 'Meow meow meow meow. Meow meow meow meow. Meow meow meow meow MEOW meow meow meow.'
Readers. I somehow managed to miss-type all of those 'meows', and yet I kept going. So I really hope you know the tune to that.
And the next panel is funny. Guys in full black suits and rappelling gear are literally lifting *bags of money* out of a building. Stephanie grabs two of them and swoops down – only to land on a sightseeing bus with her ass in the air while people take pictures.
Barbara: "At least they got your good side."
Babs. You are on fire tonight.
A young girl tells Stephanie to keep up the good work. Stephanie literally wonders what she can do in response to *positive* reinforcement, which is funny, but also meta in a sad way. Stephanie decides to wink and swoop away.
The city completely blacks out. Could there be an unexpected complication on our young hero's first night? That's crazy!
Back at the Gotham Police station, Sergeant Picklejaropener – okay, no way am I typing that name over and over. Remind me to give characters short cutesy nicknames in future. I'll just have to go with his real name, which is Nick. Nick gripes about the computers going out. Gordon tells him they have an emergency out at Monarch Meadows . . . which judging from the puns is a baseball stadium.
Oracle has abandoned her post in response to a call from Leslie Thompkins. Wendy Harris (Calculator's daughter) has broken into her clinic and is trying to rehabilitate herself without authorization. Leslie mentions that she has The Cavalier as security which:
Really? Really, Leslie?
Anyway, Babs suggests to Wendy that she try talking to the Teen Titans, but Wendy says she can't go back. "What kind of stupid superhero rolls around in a wheelchair?" Oof. Maybe you shouldn't piss her off, Wendy. She *will* meow at you. (Yes. I miss-typed the 'meow' again.) At last, though, Wendy collapses and cries. "Why did Marvin have to go, too?"
Wendy, he was named 'Marvin'. I'm guessing he died of old age just from that name, and this is coming from a woman named 'Esther'.
On Skid Row a man hides behind some crates clutching a purse in the foreground while on a crane behind him, Stephanie yells out, "I just want to talk!" Nothing happens. She follows it up with, "Guess you really called my bluff, huh?" Oh, cheery banter and human empathy! How I have missed you in comic books lately! She takes down the guy, gets the purse, and rummages through it for ID. When she sees it, her face falls.
Stephanie's mother complains to some police officers. "All I wanted was a cup of coffee and the mugger took that, too." Oh, that's cold, dude. In the next panel, the purse flies down and hits the windows behind her. Chucking purses. I guess that's one way to keep an identity secret.
Monarch Meadows: Oh! Called it right! Baseball! A charred corpse lies in the middle of the field. Nick n' Jim figure out that he fell from above, hit the stadium lights, and bounced on the grass. A corpse out of mid-air? Oh no. Not Con Air. Not again. We're not strong enough, lord. Don't test us.
Back in Gotham proper, there's suddenly a bright light. It's Livewire! Nick n' Jim take cover. Nick opines that this isn't even Livewire's town.
"Damn right it ain't!" Stephanie swoops by, and in mid-air, in what can be considered a chaste forties pin-up pose, waves to Nick. "Hey you!"
Okay. That. That's adorable. That's just fun and campy and cutesy in a good way and adorable. I love it, although Jim gives Nick crap for it.
Stephanie fights Livewire, in a quite cool page that has all diagonal panels. Most of the time, that would be distracting, but the action and the set up work enough that I didn't even notice it until my second read-through. All I noticed was the action flowing. Well done Tim Levins and Lee Garbett. Well done.
Livewire yells, "You may be quick . . . But you're not faster than LIGHT–NIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIinnnnnnnnnnng." Her voice hilariously dies out as they both realize that Stephanie's batsuit is insulated. Oh well, Livewire. You had a good run. KA-POWWW.
As the sun rises, Babs and Stephanie look out over Gotham and banter tiredly.
Ah. Now *that's* what I'm talking about. Fun, funny, action-filled comics.
Interesting Irrelevant Detail: Although Barbara Gordon and Sergeant Nick have never met, every single conversation that Jim Gordon has with Nick manages to wedge in Barbara somehow. (This time around, it's Jim talking about how Babs convinced him to make the police station green, dispensing with carbon paper and moving to computers.) It's a subtle, surprisingly effective build-up without being forced. Good job, Bryan Q Miller.
Suckiness Advisory Warning: Hm. This is a pretty all-around-good issue. There is still a touch of the formula to the book, but it's a good formula. It allows for fun and action and many different characters.
Overall Awesomeness Level: This book is good, now, but awesome? There are a few awesome moments, the fly-by-flirt being my favorite since it seems to embrace the lightheartedness, the action and the sexiness of the original Batgirl concept. They (thank god) haven't re-introduced that douchebag at Stephanie's school as a love interest. And Damian's on the way. And again, look at that first cover.
Batgirl #21 Play-by-Play
Batgirl Play-by-Play #19
Posted in Batgirl Play-by-Plays, reviews by Esther Inglis-Arkell |
16 comments to "Batgirl #4 Play-by-Play"
I came into this series not expecting to like it. Expecting to hate it, in fact, even though I'm a Steph fan. Wasn't huge on the last three issues either. But this one…wow. This one sold me. It was charming and sweet, without the artificial angst and darkness that infests so many other super hero books. May it have a long, profitable run!
by Asher November 12th, 2009 at 04:15 --reply
@Asher: I know! Who would have thought the book would be good when reading issue #2? But here it is.
by Esther Inglis-Arkell November 12th, 2009 at 09:32 --reply
I've got to say, I was pretty surprised by how much I enjoyed this comic. I just hope they don't continue down this "Aw shucks, I'm just a regular ol' girl doin' what she can with a bat-symbol" road TOO far, though, or she'll end up as the Sarah Palin of superheroes.
by David Uzumeri November 12th, 2009 at 14:29 --reply
con air is an excellent movie.
nic cage sounds like a Goddamn elvis impersonator, malkovitch hold a gun the stuffed toy bunny, and yes, dave chappell is pushed out of con air.
and danny trejo!
by edc November 12th, 2009 at 18:25 --reply
@edc: Con Air made Nicholas Cage an action star. National Treasure. Ghost Rider. Knowing.
My god, man. Do the means justify the ends?
No, no, no. The Rock, which came out a year before Con Air, is what made Nicholas Cage an action star. As with so many things, the blame rests with Michael Bay. At least Face/Off was good.
by Master Mahan November 12th, 2009 at 23:25 --reply
Oh my God – they still publish this?
by AlLoggins November 13th, 2009 at 04:20 --reply
@AlLoggins: It's not like DC doesn't have a history of publishing worthless comics.
Why is Batgirl fighting Superman villains? The new Batman, Batwoman and even Red Robin get their own bad guys, why does Batgirl have to settle for other superheroes' third stringers?
by Des November 13th, 2009 at 09:06 --reply
@Des: Fighting other hero's villains is a standard comics thing– Daredevil's best villain is a cast-off Spider-Man villain, for example.
Honestly, a chick whose entire gimmick is "rides a rocket, sometimes steals things" is a better fit for Batgirl than for Superman.
Aren't Red Robin's bad guys all Ra's al Ghul sidekicks? Nobodies?
by david brothers November 13th, 2009 at 09:13 --reply
@david brothers: Oh, I realize that, but using your example, Daredevil still has villains of his own. With Batgirl they haven't made much of an effort to give her any original bad guys to fight. It doesn't give the comic much of an identity. If its identity is supposed to be "stars female characters, isn't immensely gory and depressing", then that says more about the dire state superhero comics are in than any real positive qualities of the book.
Also, I was referring to her fight with Livewire in this issue, not the upcoming Roxy Rocket one, which does have the potential to be fun. In this issue though, Livewire is just randomly in Gotham with no explanation (sure, she's stealing electricity from a power plant, but why Gotham specifically?), and it seemed like the writer was struggling to find something for Batgirl to do. She mainly gets defeated due to her own stupidity (flying directly above a fire hydrant despite knowing water is her weakness), so it doesn't even make Steph look cool.
Red Robin fights Al Ghul goons, but they do have personalities, and from what I've read Yost is setting up a new assassin character as a nemesis. I'm not a huge fan of the book, but it does feel a lot less generic than Batgirl so far.
livewire fight was neat
by Nathan November 13th, 2009 at 11:39 --reply
[…] An oldie but a goodie. In honor of our Batgirl-centric fourcast and Esther's latest Batgirl play-by-play, I wanted to post one of my favorite sequences from Batgirl: Death […]
by 4thletter! » Blog Archive » Batgirl Flashback: No Wire Hangers November 13th, 2009 at 12:18 --reply
Steph only got the cowl because DC had ran out of young females to put in it, and since they did such a good job of pissing away the massive amount of goodwill for its previous occupant I'm not obliged to give this title the benefit of the doubt when it's not even an average read, let alone an objectively good one as it was during Cassie Cain's initial tenure (before she went wangsty).
I know there's a lot of fangirl and fanboy goodwill for the Batgirl brand, but I think it's wasted here.
"Livewire yells, "You may be quick . . . But you're not faster than LIGHT-NIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIinnnnnnnnnnng." Her voice hilariously dies out as they both realize that Stephanie's batsuit is insulated. Oh well, Livewire. You had a good run. KA-POWWW."
doesn't batgirl's mask leave her face exposed? insulation shouldn't help against that.
by nothingmuchtosay November 14th, 2009 at 09:49 --reply
Actually, if her boots are insulated, wouldn't she be fine?
I'm honestly not sure, I really should've paid more attention in Physics.
by versasovantare November 14th, 2009 at 14:58 --reply
Although I think discussing physics in comics is quite redundant:
For the victim to suffer an electric shock a voltage is needed. If her whole suit is insulated the only way in and out for lightning is her not covereded face; thus no voltage, no electric shock, no effect. If only her boots were insulated the electricity could for example enter her face run through her body jump out of her leg bypassing the insulated boots and enter the ground. Thus the point of entry is not the same as the exiting one resulting in voltage and a crispy fried Steph.
by hwordhan November 14th, 2009 at 15:20 --reply
jean-luc godard's pierrot le fou , featuring anna karina and jean-paul belmondo
4thletter! is:
David Brothers:
email, posts, twitter
Gavin "Gavok" Jasper:
posts, twitter
Esther Inglis-Arkell:
(please don't email for promo of any sort. you're not the exception, either.)
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VIDEO EXCLUSIVE: Rep. John Delaney, 2020 Democratic Presidential Candidate, On National Service Plan
VIDEO EXCLUSIVE: Democratic 2020 Presidential Candidate John Delaney On Fighting Climate Change
by Pablo MenaAugust 12, 2019, 2:33 pmAugust 12, 2019, 2:33 pmAugust 12, 2019, 2:33 pmDaily Digest, News, News Feed, Videos >
Scientific experts and many lawmakers have stressed that climate change is an issue that should be addressed as a top priority, and Rep. John Delaney (D-Maryland) agrees.
The 2020 Democratic presidential candidate explained to uPolitics exclusively his three-part plan for combatting global warming.
"The first thing I would do — and I believe I could get this done in my first year as president — is I would pass a very large carbon tax," said Delaney. "I [would] take all the money generated from the carbon tax and I'd give it back to the American people in a dividend."
Delaney added this would change attitude toward climate change "dramatically" over the next few years, and revealed that Columbia University has projected his plan would help reduce greenhouse gas emissions by a stunning 92 percent.
President Donald Trump's administration has famously denied scientific reports that warn of the growing threat of climate change.
SLIDESHOW: TOP DEMOCRATS RUNNING FOR PRESIDENT IN 2020
The Maryland Democrat went on to say that their would likely be bipartisan support for a bill that included a carbon tax, as he personally knows many Republicans who would back this effort, especially GOP lawmakers who live in "coastal states" that are at risk of suffering the effects of climate change the soonest.
"The second thing I would do is a five-fold increase in the Department of Energy research budget," Delaney continued. "Right now, we spend $6 billion a year on basic energy research, I want to spend 30 [billion] over ten years, that's a moonshot around energy innovation because we fundamentally need new technologies in storage and transmission if we ever want to get to net zero."
"The third thing I would do is create a market for things called 'negative emissions technologies.' These are machines that currently exist and [that] suck carbon out of the atmosphere. I know it sounds [like] science fiction, but it actually works," he said.
Delaney observed the primary issues with these types of technologies are their high cost and their "sub-scale" nature, and that the private sector should take initiative in solving these problems. He noted the example of wind and solar power, which have become increasingly low cost and effective over time thanks to major corporate investment.
Delaney said he would help launch an "auction" of sorts for the federal government to purchase carbon from companies that extract it from the atmosphere.
The Maryland Democrat said net emissions by 2050 would be a main goal of his administration, but that reaching such a target would be very difficult as long as carbon, a major greenhouse gas, remained in large proportions in the atmosphere.
2020 Democrats carbon tax climate change greenhouse gases John Delaney
Click here for the 10 Most Powerful Political Couples Slideshow
Sens. Manchin & Schumer Reach Surprise Budget & Climate Deal To Fight Inflation
Federal Judge Blocks Off-Shore Oil & Gas Leases In Louisiana
Bill Gates Wants To Reinvent Nuclear Power With Company TerraPower


Pocahontas Lilac will extend the lilac season, as it is an extremely hardy, earlier blooming variety. Get a jump on your neighbors as your yard will color up 2 weeks earlier, the maroon-purple buds opening to fragrant, single, deep violet blooms. The flowers from your Syringa "Pocahontas" will add nice color contrast to an all green landscape.
All lilac plants are deciduous, enjoying full to partial sun for best flowering. The fragrant flowers are a wonderful addition to indoor arrangements, so be sure to plant your pocahontas where you can reach the branches. Growing to 8-10 feet tall if not clipped. Shipped potted in soil to ensure the best possible start when planted in yard or garden.


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Coast Artist Creates Labyrinths To Help With Katrina Healing
evelina burnett
• Published on July 7, 2015 • Last modified on February 3, 2020
The labyrinth at the Ohr-O'Keefe Museum of Art.
A Gulfport artist is using a historic art form to help coast residents find solace ahead of the 10 year anniversary of Hurricane Katrina this August. MPB's Evelina Burnett has more.
Environmental artist Elisa DaSilva places tiles in a pattern she's laid out on the slab of a historic home destroyed by Katrina, near the Ohr O'Keefe Museum of Art in Biloxi.
DaSilva is arranging the tiles into a path, a labyrinth inspired, she says, by the form's historic connection with spiritual journeys.
"For example, the medieval churches of Chartres, if you couldn't make the pilgrimage to Jerusalem, they would have this labyrinth, this pattern, that you could go to the church and you could walk, and it represented the journey of making a pilgrimage," she says. "So people have used it for a long, long time as a tool for prayer, for meditation and just to represent the journey of becoming whole, healing yourself."
The hurricane-shaped pattern is five circuits in and out, representing the 10 years since the storm. DaSilva says she hopes it will help visitors reflect on how far they've come over the past decade.
"It was a huge journey for anyone who survived Katrina," she says. "To rebuild, not just the buildings, but ourselves, our lives, our community, because it was just gone after the storm - all we had was each other. And be grateful, instead of sad."
Ohr museum curator Barbara Johnson Ross says the labyrinth was a natural fit with their Katrina+10 exhibition series.
"As a way to offer people solace or closure," she says. "They can bring pieces of debris out here and place it in the labyrinth and medidate."
This is the fifth of 10 labyrinths DaSilva hopes to build on slabs on the coast ahead of the 10 year anniversary of the storm. Other labyrinths she's created are in Gulfport and Long Beach.
DaSilva says she decided to build the labyrinths on slabs because she sees it as a way to transform one of the storm's eyesores into something beautiful.
"For people to come together, to walk it, to release that negative energy that built up over all this time from the storm and the things that happened since the storm," she says. "To bring anything that they found, little statues, pictures - all of the little things that we found that we saved after the storm - just bring it here. You can set it on the tiles, and on the 10 year anniversary, let it go."
Award Entry: Coast Artist Creates Labyrinths To Help With Katrina Healing
by evelina burnett
Mississippians Rally In Support of Confederate Flag
by paul boger


Behavioral ecological approaches have yet to be fully integrated into conservation biology, yet many behavioral processes are likely to influence the success of conservation programs. That the behavior of animals influences conservation is a truism, but the challenge for behavioral scientists has been to move from the implications phase of conservation behavior to more active applications to solve real-world conservation problems. Here I review the need for and merit of this transition, drawing on case studies from the literature but primarily my own work. I will briefly review the use of behavioral ecology in some of the San Diego Zoo's conservation breeding programs, focusing largely on the role of sensory ecology in its signature program with the iconic giant panda. At the other end of the spectrum, I will discuss more recent research addressing habitat requirements and limiting ecological resources that influence population size in nature, again using the giant panda as the primary source of illustration. The third area of emphasis will be reintroduction biology. Reintroduction and translocation programs suffer from high post-release mortality and long-distance, unpredictable dispersal behavior exacerbates these risks. These programs are essentially exercises in "forced dispersal." I will discuss several mechanisms known to influence dispersal and settlement, focusing on conspecific cueing, natal habitat preference induction (NHPI), and the social environment at the release site. I explore the possibility that these and other variables can be manipulated to encourage animals to settle, quickly and safely, in appropriate protected habitat, using real-world examples—primarily with local kangaroo rats and not-so-local black rhinoceros—to illustrate this application.


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Due to the impact of COVID-19, you are recommended to check travel restrictions from your government sources and contact local venues to verify any new rules
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Dallas Travel Guide
Dallas. It's the city that gave the world Dynasty, Owen Wilson, LeAnn Rimes, the Super Bowl and the corndog – but all the same, there's more to Texas' most famous city than meets the eye. It might be synonymous with all things brash and bling but Big D, as the locals know it, has an unexpected erudite streak. It's the place where the microchip was invented, the home of left-field R&B star Erykah Badu and is the birthplace of chili. No surprise then, that it has a pulsating art scene to rival that of Los Angeles, complete with enormous glow-in-the-dark frogs, and a surprisingly quirky selection of boutique bars.
Of course that's not all. The city is dripping with petrodollars just as Dynasty portrayed it – and so, the shopping is high-end and will leave a sizeable dent in your wallet. Sport is still king, with the Dallas Cowboys NFL team drawing huge crowds each weekend, as do the Texas Rangers during the MLB baseball season.
Nonetheless, you don't have to be a sports fan – or have a penchant for supersized servings of BBQ ribs – to love the US' ninth largest city. Spanning 28 hectares (68 acres) and 19 blocks, encompassed within the city limits is the Nasher Sculpture Center, complete with Miró and Matisse creations, the Winspear Opera House and the Texas-sized Museum of Art. Affluent Highland Park is the place to go for a Sue Ellen-style shopping trip, and along with big name brands such as Ralph Lauren, there are also boutiques showcasing the work of local designers such as Johnny Was and Sydney Evan to name but a few. Don't miss Wild Bill's Western Store – its custom made cowboy boots are not to be missed.
Music fans should head to Deep Ellum, a gentrified former commercial area to the east of Downtown which is now the best place in Dallas to hear jazz and blues. Further afield is Fort Worth, Dallas' sister city – and the place to go for all things Western. There's even a bar, Billy Bob's, with a rodeo set up inside.
Hotel ZaZa
As you'd expect from a hotel named for movie icon Zsa-Zsa Gabor, Hotel ZaZa specializes in luxury details – think Frette bed linen, rainforest showers and enormous swagged curtains in every suite. The building itself is an old-fashioned colonial-style affair and comes complete with a chic bar and an expensive restaurant.
Hotel Lumen
Unusually minimalist by Dallas standards, Hotel Lumen is an oasis of soothing colors and ergonomic furniture. The hotel also has a heated outdoor pool, a hosted wine reception every evening and an on-site fitness centre. Off the lobby, the Front Room is a casual-chic restaurant serving three meals daily.
The Highland Dallas
Ultra-modern and possessed of a lobby decked out with gold seating and blinging chandeliers, The Highland does Dynasty chic reworked for the 21st Century. Rooms are large and the beds supremely comfortable, while bathrooms come stocked with Diptyque toiletries.
Hyatt House Uptown
On the northern edge of downtown, the Hyatt House Uptown sits amidst a bustling business district very close to Cedar Springs and Maple, an area dense in art galleries and antiques stores, as well as dozens of good restaurants. Rooms are a businesslike affair but there is a complimentary breakfast.
Hilton Garden Inn Downtown Dallas
Just around the corner from City Hall, the Hilton Garden Inn Downtown couldn't be more central. A stone's throw from city center attractions, rooms are comfortable and clean, if fairly uninspiring. No matter – there's a pool onsite, guest parking and you get a free buffet breakfast in the morning.
W Dallas - Victory Hotel
If JR branched out into hotels, the W Dallas Victory would be it. Overlooking the sports venue of Victory Plaza, the hotel offers 252 oversized rooms and suites in categories named Wonderful, Cool Corner, Spectacular, Fabulous, Mega, Fantastic, Marvelous, Wow and Extreme Wow. There's also a great spa and onsite restaurant.
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DWI Journal (Law & Science)
DEFENDING AGAINST THE HORIZONTAL GAZE NYSTAGMUS TEST: PLANNING A MOTION IN LIMINE
By Kathleen Colton
The phenomenon of horizontal gaze nystagmus, or jerking of the eyeball, may be validly measured in a laboratory, but becomes pseudoscience when employed by a police officer under roadside conditions and used to support a judgment that the subject is under the influence of alcohol. Unless forcefully opposed, the test may be an effective tool to convince a jury of a defendant's guilt.
In this article, the author presents an approach to conducting a motion in limine to bar introduction of HGN test results and expert testimony as to the test's reliability. She fleshes out the important areas of questioning and notes the many possible alternative causes of nystagmus besides alcohol. The inaccuracy of roadside testing and the high rate of false positives further combine to create formidable grounds for exclusion. — Editor's note.
HGN test popular with police
The Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus Test (HGN), which purports to establish a correlation between the angle of onset of involuntary jerking of the subject's eyes and blood alcohol content, has be come an enormously popular field sobriety test since its introduction in the western United States in the early 1980s. Once used only as an experimental test, the HGN has come to be regarded by law enforcement personnel as an easy and efficient way to determine at roadside if a driver's blood alcohol content is at .10 or above.
A recent Illinois case demonstrates that a motion in limine can be effectively conducted to prohibit introduction of the test results and expert testimony concerning the test before ever getting to trial in a drunk driving prosecution.
In order to make a successful motion, it is first important to have a layperson's grasp of the medical condition known as nystagmus. Understanding its causes allows the defense attorney in a drunk driving prosecution to attack the reliability of the HGN test as an indicator of blood alcohol content. While it is probably rare that the state will rest its entire case on introduction of the test as proof of intoxication, the Illinois case proves that that possibility does indeed exist.
For the defense attorney who is faced with more evidence of intoxication in a particular case, elimination of the introduction of the HGN test results will deprive the state of an influential jury tool. Proceeding upon the premise that nystagmus is a neurological condition which is often unrelated to the consumption of alcohol will bolster the argument against its reliability.
Definition of nystagmus
The Manual of Ophthalmic Terminology (1982) defines nystagmus as "the oscillating movement of the eyeball which may be horizontal, vertical, rotatory, or mixed. It may be congenital or acquired; pendular or jerky."
The HGN test attempts to measure only the horizontal jerking of the eyeball by approximating the angle at which the movement begins (the angle of onset). The angle of onset is then said to correlate to a subject's blood alcohol content; the most frequent figure used to correlate to .10% BAC is n onset angle of 45 degrees.
Gary A. Lesher, Ph.D., associate professor of pharmacology at the Illinois College of Optometry in Chicago, was the witness whose testimony the state attempted to introduce in People v. Dakuras, 527 N.E.2d 163 (lll.App. 2 Dist. 1988).* The defendant in the case was physically disabled due to illness, and had refused to submit to either a breath test or chemical analysis. The results of the HGN test there fore comprised the state's entire case regarding proof of intoxication.
Condition common regardless of alcohol intake
Dr. Lesher had supervised a study on the HGN and its correlation with blood alcohol content con ducted at the Illinois College of Optometry in 1986. Dr. Lesher testified that" ... the physiologic control of eye movement is a neurological function, a coordinated effort of the muscles and nervous tissues, and. the HGN depends upon the disruption of the coordinated muscular neurologic activity. Alcohol and some other drugs that are also central nervous system depressants tend to disrupt that normal coordinated movement. This is then observed in the test, the HGN, and work has shown could be correlated with the level of alcohol in the body." (transcript of motion, page 9).
Dr. Lesher further testified that some 50 to 60 per cent of the general population have "physiologic end point nystagmus," and involuntary jerking of the eyeball once the eyes are moved from a normal gaze to an extreme lateral position (as is done during administration of the HGN test). This 50-60 percent figure has been noted in other HGN studies, with the angle of onset of the jerking occur ring anywhere from 30 to 40 degrees, regardless of alcohol consumption.
There also exists a small percentage of the general population which has naturally occurring nystagmus present even when the eyes are in normal, straight-ahead gaze position. This nystagmus has organic causes and is referred to as synchronous nystagmus.
It is important to note here that past National Highway Transportation Safety Administration (NHTSA) studies recognized nystagmus in subjects who had not consumed alcohol, but this naturally occurring nystagmus was statistically dismissed. The NHTSA apparently assumed that control subjects with organic nystagmus had consumed some other drugs which accounted for the condition. See Pangman, "HGN: The New Drunk Driving Alchemy," 11 The Champion 2 at 6-11 (April 1987); Pangman, "Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus: Voodoo Science," 2 D WI Journal: Law & Science 3 (March 1987). The natural occurrence of nystagmus thus be comes another basis on which to attack the reliability of the HGN test as an indicator of blood alcohol content.
Questions the defense should ask the expert
The defense attorney should bolster this argument with questions about other causes of nystagmus. The medical literature available lists conditions and substances, which, apart from alcohol consumption, account for nystagmus at varying angles of onset. Anyone attempting to testify in an expert capacity about the test should be asked about the effects of the following: diseases such as multiple sclerosis, glaucoma, cataracts, Parkinson's disease, chronic alcoholism, hypertension, inner ear problems, and brain tumors; drugs such as barbiturates, antihistamines, phencyclidine (PCP), anticonvulsants, depressants, aspirin, streptomycin, nicotine, and caffeine; conditions including the subject's fatigue factor and physical condition. In addition, all of the studies conducted advise removal of prescription lenses, including hard contact lenses. The ability to focus clearly on the object being followed by the eyes is alleged to have no effect on a subject's ability to perform the test, but extreme near-sightedness and far-sightedness should also be brought into question.
Head must be stationary
Also important in conducting the test is the ability of the subject to keep his head in a stationary position while the test is being performed. Movement of the head impedes the ability of the person administering the test in determining when a 45 degree angle has been reached (the magic angle at which the onset of jerking is said to correlate to .10% BAC).
All of the laboratory tests conducted on the HGN have been performed upon subjects whose heads were absolutely stationary due to the use of chin rests and elaborate arc perimeter machines. The Instructor's Manual issued by the Illinois Local Government Law Enforcement Officers Training Board advises: "if the suspect keeps moving head, have him cup his chin with his hands." Other manuals advise using an officer's flashlight as a chin rest. It may be appropriate to question a testifying expert concerning the effects of roadside conditions on the outcome of the test.
Another factor relating to the reliability of the HGN test is the actual training of the person ad ministering the test. While law enforcement training will vary from state to state, it appears that most officers are trained first in the basics of the condition known as nystagmus. The Field Sobriety Testing instructor Manual of the Police Traffic Services Training Project of the State of Illinois begins by introducing officers to the various kinds of physiological and neurological nystagmus, acknowledging that a certain portion of the population will be found to have forms of naturally occurring nystagmus unrelated to alcohol consumption.
Attacking the estimate of angle
Officers are then advised to disregard all forms of nystagmus except the horizontal gaze variety (while being warned that knowledge of the other forms of nystagmus may come in handy when testifying in court). Officers are instructed in the "smooth pursuit" method and are advised that the magnitude of the eye's return movements when following an object such as a penlight result in jerking motions when a subject is under the influence of alcohol. Once the magnitude of the jerking motions reaches the "correct" angle of onset, officers are instructed that a correlation exists between the movements and blood alcohol content. All that is left, then, is instruction concerning determination of the 45 degree angle.
Many of the manuals advise using a template to instruct officers in the determination of a 45 degree angle; practice with the template soon gives way to practice on a partner, until the officer feels comfort able with his own estimation of the angle. Once in the field, usually under nighttime conditions, officers are expected to determine correctly' the angle of onset of the nystagmus, and then to correlate that angle with the subject's blood alcohol content. it is important to remember that under laboratory conditions a stationary subject's angle of onset is measured exactly, often through the use of an arc perimeter machine. No such exacting standards are met in the field.
High false positive rate
After having established through questioning the many possibilities for error in the administration of the HGN test, perhaps the strongest weapon still remains to the defense attorney: the false positive percentage found in laboratory studies of the test. Dr. Lesher, testifying in People v. Dakuras, stated that 23 percent of the 84 subjects in his study showed an angle of onset of less than 45 degrees when, in fact, their blood alcohol levels were shown to be less than .10 percent upon breathalyzer examination.
In its ruling on the motion in limine, the court noted the importance of such an error ratio in a criminal case. The other studies available also found such a false positive factor, ranging to as low as 3 percent. See Tharp, V., Burns, M., Moskowitz, H., 'Development and Field Test of Psychophysical Tests for DWI Arrest," DOT HS-805-864 (March 1981), Burns and Moskowitz, 'Psychophysical Tests for DWI Arrest," DOT HS-802-424 (June 1977). The ideal laboratory conditions under which all of these tests are conducted is a point to be stressed.
Scientific criteria unmet
Finally, it is important to stress lit argument that the HGN test does not meet the Frye standard of general acceptance in the scientific community. Frye v. United States, 293 F. 1013, D.C. Cir. 1923. The court stated:
Just when a scientific principle or discovery crosses the line between the experimental and demonstrative stages is difficult to define. Some where in this twilight zone the evidential force of the principle must be recognized, and while courts will go a long way in admitting expert testimony deduced from a well-recognized scientific principle or discovery, the thing from which the deduction is made must be sufficiently established to have gained general acceptance in the particular field in which it belongs.
While many of the studies commissioned by NHTSA purport to prove the reliability of the HGN test as an accurate indicator of blood alcohol con tent, other studies exist which show the test's potential for inaccuracy (Norris, 25 Journal of Forensic Sciences Society 476, 1985), bolstering the argument that the HGN test is still not generally accepted in the scientific community. For an analysis of the various jurisdictions' approaches to the admissibility of HGN results, see Tarantino, Defending Drinking Drivers, §536.8 (2d Ed. 1986, 1988 Supp.); Annot., Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus Test: Use in Impaired Driving Prosecution 60 ALR 4th 1129 (1988).
General acceptance in the law enforcement community should not be enough to persuade a court to accept either testimony about the test's accuracy or the test results as proof of intoxication. Every effort should be made pre to avoid the introduction of HGN results, a very valuable jury tool for the state.
Kathleen Colton was working for the Office of Public Defender in DuPage County, Illinois when she success fully conducted the motion for People v. Dakuras. She is a member of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and the Illinois Attorneys for Criminal Justice.
(* The Illinois appellate court actually decided that HGN results were inadmissible on grounds other than those argued by the parties in the motion in limine. The court determined that only results of chemical analyses were admissible under the Illinois drunk driving statutes and that since the HGN test was not a chemical analysis, but rather a field sobriety test, its results were inadmissible. — Editor.)


The woman who infamously got out of her vehicle inside the Badaling Wildlife Park says she's planning to sue the park for subsequently being mauled by one of its tiger.
The 32-year-old tourist surnamed Zhao claims that she was not fully informed about the dangers of stepping foot outside her vehicle during the "safari-style" drive through the Beijing park, and is seeking 2 million yuan in compensation, according to the Beijing Times.
This comes after an investigation in August that found it was unlikely that the park would be found at fault for the incident. Visitors driving private vehicles into enclosures are required to sign an agreement first promising to "close and lock car doors, never feed the animals, and never get out of the car." To remind them of their agreement, signs are placed around the zoo forbidding visitors from exiting cars and patrol cars blare similar warnings.
Tragically, Zhao failed to heed any of these warnings. She was seen on surveillance footage getting out of her car and walking around to the front driver's side door. Unfortunately for her, she chose to leave the safety of the vehicle while her family was driving through the tiger enclosure. A tiger suddenly appeared behind Zhao and dragged her away. She managed to survive the attack, but tragically, her 57-year-old mother, who rushed out to try and save her, did not.
Zhao has rejected reports that she left the vehicle due to a fight with her husband, explaining instead that she was feeling car sick. She has also criticized park workers for being too slow to rescue herself and her mother. Furthermore, Zhao claims that while she had signed an agreement not to exit her vehicle before entering the park, she thought that the agreement was merely some form of entry registration.
"I was wrong, but I think that the park should bear 70% of the responsibility," Zhao says.
The Yanqing District government disagrees with Zhao's assessment, stating that tourists must be held accountable for not abiding by park rules and ignoring warnings from park authorities.
Still, it's not like no one saw this tragedy coming. The Siberian tigers at the Badaling Wildlife Park have something of a history. Back in 2009, an unfortunate migrant farmer returning from a day at the Great Wall unwittingly strolled into the tiger enclosure at the park, resulting in his immediate death. More recently, a video showing a tiger at the same park ripping off a passing vehicle's bumper went viral in August. While other parts of the safari-style drive through the park remain open, cars still haven't been allowed back into the tiger enclosure.
It's ridiculous really, why can't these naturally wild predators behave rationally?