text:
Files, Shields and Neons
24/01 > 21/03 2020
> Download exhibition's press kit
> Download Keith Sonnier's biography
Galerie Mitterrand is delighted to announce a new exhibition from American artist Keith Sonnier. The exhibition, entitled Files, Shields and Neons, will take place from 24 January to 21 March 2020, bringing together both early and more recent works, completed by the artist between 1968 and 2005.
Keith Sonnier is a post-minimalist American artist who began his career in New York City in the 1960s, alongside other artists from Rutgers University. Sonnier redefined sculpture by using materials and techniques that were previously restricted to the hardware store. Although he may share some of the ideas of anti-illusionist sculpture with Carl Andre, Dan Flavin, or Sol LeWitt, his works have always offered a more narrative and literary aspect than those of minimalists. Early in his career, Sonnier worked with a wide variety of materials such as latex, fabric, and found objects to create sculptures which had an ephemeral and transitory quality. Starting in 1968, he was among the first artists to explore the effect of incorporating light in his work. Initially using light bulbs (incandescent light) and introducing arched neon that wrapped around the bulbs, he began creating a dialogue between architecture, environment, and lines drawn in space.
For this new exhibition dedicated to Keith Sonnier's work, Galerie Mitterrand, who has represented Sonnier since 2008, is showing seven wall sculptures from the Files, Shields, and Neon Wrapping Incandescent Series. The works Veiled File I (1968) and Flocked File (1968) belong to the File series that Keith Sonnier began in 1966, before he became known for his use of light. From the starting point of a cardboard nail file wrapped in string in 1966 (Small File Study), he produced many versions of this simple form, sometimes recognizable but at times veiled, hidden, disguised, covered, or even stuffed. With these works, deliberately created with limited resources, the artist experimented with the tactile and sensual implications of surface, manually coating, wrapping, or filling.
Keith Sonnier says of the origin of this series: "The idea of isolating an object in this way made me think about redefining the shape by wrapping it, kind of like adding drawing on top of it, but essentially wrapping it like a mummy. Then other ways of developing the work for the File series came after that. Things were layered. Things were stuffed. Things were filled. Touch, as opposed to concept, was crucial."
With Neon Wrapping Incandescent I (1970), the artist entered a more emblematic and expressionist period with works that incorporated light bulbs, as well as his famous curved neon tubes. In these pieces, whose titles quite simply describe the materials and the actions involved, Keith Sonnier's lines, arches, and upstrokes reflect the sensual, or even sexual, element of his work.
Three more recent works from the Botswana Junction and Elliptical Shields Series complete this overview of Keith Sonnier's work. Botswana Junction I, Botswana Junction II and Elliptical Shield Extended Arm (all completed in 2005) were inspired by the artist's interest in Africa in general, and in tribal shields in particular, whose elongated forms are replicated in these works. Since the start of his career, Keith Sonnier has been interested in the primitive arts of Africa and Asia. His appropriation and integration of these forms contributes to blurring the line between minimal and primitive art.
Keith Sonnier was born in 1941 in Mamou, Louisiana, in the United States. He lives and works in New York. Since the 1980s, he has received some twenty public commissions. His work has been the subject of numerous solo exhibitions, notably at the Pompidou Centre, Paris, in 1979; the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington, DC, in 1989; at the Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin, 2003; and more recently at MAMAC, Nice, 2015 and at the Parrish Art Museum, Water Mill, New York, 2018. His works are included in the collections at the Whitney Museum of American Art and MoMA in New York, the Hara Museum of Contemporary Art in Tokyo, and the MOCA in Los Angeles, among others.
1 Keith Sonnier, interview by Barbara Bertozzi Castelli in Keith Sonnier: Files, (New York: Leo Castelli, 2011).


text:
State of World Affairs
Bucknellians Building Democracies
By Theresa Gawlas Medoff '85, P'13
From Afghanistan to Sierra Leone, Bucknellians shape world events. Read how eight alumni are doing just that.
Afghanistan, says its former ambassador, William B. Wood '72, "is a very foreign place." One of the few countries in the world that never experienced colonialism, it also has remained largely undiluted by globalizing influences. Afghanistan has seen the largest refugee flows in the world. It has a 30 percent literacy rate, and the average life expectancy is just 45 years. For the past 30 years, the country has been besieged with war, insurgency and instability.
A professional foreign service officer since 1977, Ambassador Wood is newly posted at the National War College in Washington, D.C., where he teaches members of the State Department, Armed Forces and other civilian employees preparing to assume greater policy and strategic responsibilities.
Wood is the most senior of an impressive number of Bucknellians who work for the State Department in Washington, D.C., representing America to the far reaches of the globe.
He is no stranger to regions of conflict. He served in Uruguay during the brief time it was under a military dictatorship, began his posting in El Salvador at the beginning of a multi-year insurgent threat, and from 2003 to 2007 headed up the U.S. embassy in Colombia, where terrorism and drug trafficking combined to make it one of the most dangerous countries in South America.
"From a regional perspective, Afghanistan will be either part of the solution or part of the problem."
Afghanistan is a greater challenge than any of those places, Wood says, and yet it is a challenge we must meet. First and foremost, he says, because the September 11 Al Qaeda attacks were launched from Afghanistan, and we must defeat the Taliban and stabilize Afghanistan so that they cannot return. And second, because Afghanistan has been an important source of instability in a very volatile area. "From a regional perspective, Afghanistan will be either part of the solution or part of the problem," Wood says.
During his 2007–09 tenure as ambassador to Afghanistan, Wood acted as a bridge between the presidents of the two countries, meeting with Afghan President Hamid Karzai four to five times a week. He was in charge of all civilian officials in the country, working in the political, economic, law enforcement, intelligence and development arenas. He also was charged with ensuring that the civilian and military structures in Afghanistan "shake hands and work well together" — not a trivial challenge in a country with such a large multilateral military and civilian presence.
The initial hope was that with the Taliban removed from power, Afghanistan would be able to heal itself. Good elections and a constitution were a start, Wood notes, but not enough to overcome the effects of three decades of war and turmoil.
While not fully satisfied with what he was able to accomplish there, Wood is proud that despite the threat environment, the shortage of development personnel and the extreme decentralization of Afghanistan, he was able to improve cooperation among local governments, communities and tribes.
The Congo: Mapping for Humanity
Each month, more than 1,000 women and girls are raped in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and yet they are just some of the victims in a region the central government has long struggled to control. Security forces, rebel organizations, militias and other armed groups have inflicted brutal sexual violence upon the civilian population on a massive scale. "There are thousands of reports of horrible things happening to women and children there," says Lee Schwartz '76, "but few of these are being put together systematically in a way that can help achieve justice and accountability.
"Linking the geospatial data on things such as gender-based violence with the movements of particular groups and military campaigns brings us closer to determining who bears responsibility for widespread and unchecked human rights violations," Schwartz explains. Such documentation has been used by Schwartz's office in the past to document atrocities in Darfur and to help bring war criminals to justice in former Yugoslavia.
Schwartz, who also holds the title geographer of the United States, earned a doctorate in geography from Columbia University and joined the State Department in 1992. This past fall, Schwartz was honored with the Bucknell Award of Merit, one of the highest awards given to alumni. He credits Dick Peterec, professor emeritus of geography, with being a longtime inspiration and mentor.
Schwartz's office, comprising both geographers and foreign affairs analysts, has broad responsibilities in the State Department. With the digital precision that GPS systems afford, the office is remapping virtually all of the world's boundaries — and making that information widely and transparently available. "A line on a map could represent 100 or more yards on land," Schwartz says. "Knowing exactly where the U.S. government says the border is could help to prevent conflict."
The office is working as well to implement "participatory mapping" tools that make use of cell phone and GPS technologies to map crowd sourcing, social networking and other growing sources of on-the-ground knowledge. Similar technologies are being promoted for use by indigenous peoples to establish land ownership rights, which are lacking in much of the developing world.
The office also is charged with addressing problems that do not fit neatly into the State Department's regional bureaus — refugees, human rights issues and international environmental concerns. His recent focus has been on using geospatial science to promote sustainable development in Africa.
strong>Sierra Leone: Stabilization and Development
Authorities spotted it in waters off Freetown, Sierra Leone: a Taiwanese-flagged fishing vessel that had just hauled in between $300,000 and$500,000 of fish — illegally. West African fisheries are among the richest in the world, but with local governments lacking resources for enforcement, poachers are robbing Africans of their livelihood and damaging the environment in the process. They weren't getting away with it this time.
These particular poachers were seized Aug. 17 by Sierra Leone authorities and crewmembers of the U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Legare in a joint operation allowed under a bilateral maritime assistance treaty between the U.S. and Sierra Leone, signed on behalf of the U.S. by Charge d'Affaires Glenn Fedzer '85. A World Bank fisheries expert called that first seizure "globally significant" as a strong deterrent for other illegal fishing activities. In addition, Fedzer hopes the fines and penalties imposed are used by the Sierra Leone government to work toward building its own enforcement capacity.
"People in Africa need and want help, and they want the United States to be involved. I really feel like what I'm doing matters."
"Profitable and sustainable economic activities are essential to helping fragile states maintain stability, and artisanal fishing communities particularly suffer when their waters are overexploited," Fedzer says. "Many people attribute problems off the coast of Somalia to overfishing, saying that today's pirates are yesterday's artisanal fishermen, now without livelihoods because their fish stocks have been nearly wiped out by foreign fishing vessels."
Fedzer, who joined the State Department in 1998, has spent the past six years in sub-Saharan Africa — in Gabon, Mali and now Sierra Leone. He currently heads the Embassy in Sierra Leone pending the appointment of an Ambassador later in the year.
There is no typical day at work, he says. In the space of two days recently, Fedzer talked with American students in Sierra Leone studying international nutrition, met with local officials in a remote border town about a road-building project and represented the U.S. at a ceremony with the Chinese foreign minister and the Sierra Leone minister of education. Another evening he had dinner with the Minister of Energy to discuss solar power in rural communities. Among the other issues, Fedzer and his staff are addressing: gay rights, narcotics trafficking, economic development, anti-corruption and political instability.
"People in Africa need and want help, and they want the United States to be involved," Fedzer says. "I really feel like what I'm doing matters," he says.
Russia: Relating to cold war rivals
John Mark Pommersheim '86 was sitting at his desk in the U.S. Consulate in Vladivostok, Russia, when the news came in: North Korea had just conducted a nuclear test, not far from the Russian Far East city where he was living and working. Whatever had been on his schedule for the day was immediately pushed off. Instead, Pommersheim worked the phones to find out what Russian officials in the area knew about the nuclear test, while his staff set out to gauge local effects and reaction.
Sharing information with the Russians about events in North Korea once would have been unthinkable, but the former Soviet Union — and its relationship with the U.S. — has undergone tremendous changes since the early 1980s. Pommersheim has witnessed quite a few of them.
He first visited the country as an undergraduate student of Russian and political science and returned twice for postgraduate studies. He was in Minsk, Belarus, after the 1992 collapse of the Soviet Union, when the newly formed republic was returning legacy nuclear weapons to Moscow's control. He worked on the Russia desk in Washington, D.C., and then returned again, this time to Vladivostok, where he served as the U.S. consul general from 2004 to 2007.
"The Russian Far East is a fascinating place, two-thirds the size of the continental United States," Pommersheim says. "We worked on a lot of different issues, from the large oil projects on Sakhalin Island to U.S.-Russian military-to-military contacts to cooperation on people-to-people contacts between the U.S., mainly Alaska and the West Coast, and Pacific Russia."
In one of his more unusual relationship-building activities, Pommersheim appeared as a guest chef on a Russian cooking program, there to make a "typical U.S. dish." He chose to make Maryland crab cakes — substituting Kamchatka king crab for Maryland blue — and accompanied the dish with Californian and other American regional wines, an increasingly popular U.S. export to Russia.
Fast forward to 2010, when another Bucknellian is serving with the State Department in Russia. The task for David Fay '86, a regional English language officer stationed at the U.S. Embassy in Moscow, is to update Russians' views of America.
American studies in Russia had long been taught using one- to two-page excerpts from 19th century literary works by authors like Emerson, Poe and Melville. Fay and his staff provide access to more contemporary teaching materials. A recent DVD, for examples, uses Voice of America and other podcasts to create lessons around human interest stories. The idea, he says, is to build a more encompassing view of the U.S. than that presented in music, film and other popular media.
"Most countries are anxious to have support for their English teaching programs, and we give them that," Fay says. "We bring over American experts, send locals to the U.S. and develop curriculum, materials and assessment tools."
Nepal: Nurturing Democracies
When CNN announced returns on the evening of the 2008 U.S. presidential election, Anne Bennett '87 watched the coverage in the company of Nepalese citizens invited to the embassy in Kathmandu for an election results party. It was one of a series of election-related events hosted by the embassy for students, academics and younger political party members in Nepal. As a political officer who had previously taught political science at the university level, Bennett was one of the experts called upon to help teach influential Nepalese citizens about U.S.-style democracy.
"When a country goes so many years without an election, no one knows where they stand and what to expect."
The lessons had vital relevance in a country that just seven months before had held its own historic election. After decades of political unrest that included reforms and counter-reforms, political assassinations, a violent insurgency and the dissolution of multiple governments, in April 2008 the people of Nepal had elected a Constituent Assembly to serve as a parliament and write a new constitution.
Leading up to that election, Bennett had met with leaders of the various Nepalese political parties and worked with local groups and other diplomatic missions to coordinate sending election-monitoring teams to observe the polls in districts across the country.
"When a country goes so many years without an election, no one knows where they stand and what to expect," says Bennett, who has since returned to the U.S. to learn Urdu for her next assignment at the U.S. Embassy in Pakistan.
During the same period when Bennett was working to support democracy in Nepal, Katie Kohn McLain '03 was working for the State Department in Washington, D.C. on efforts to foster democracy in Iraq. As a grants officer for the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor in Iraq, McLain helped to coordinate myriad nation-building projects. "I oversaw grants for voter education, violence prevention, get-out-the-vote campaigns and other grassroots efforts," McLain says.
McLain also administered grants to organizations offering free legal assistance to Iraqis in cases ranging from domestic violence to property disputes to human rights threats, she says.
Since December, McLain has worked for the State Department's Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs with a focus on Central America, a position that draws heavily on the Latin American subspecialty of her international relations major.
The Near East: Representing the U.S.
The photos coming out of Gaza were heart wrenching: hungry people begging for food, sick and injured without medical supplies, vehicles without fuel and abandoned along the roadside. In an attempt to stop the flow of arms to Hamas during the Gaza War, Israel had tightened its 18-month-old economic blockade, and humanitarian aid was no longer reaching the people.
An Al Jazeera reporter put the question to Ann Donick Somerset '98: Why was the U.S. allowing Israel to get away with this?
As the Washington, D.C.-based spokesperson for the State Department's Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs, Somerset was often on camera several times a day during the three-month war in the winter of 2008–09. "There is a widespread belief in the Arab media that the U.S. has a lot of influence over Israel. I kept emphasizing that Israel is a sovereign state and that we do not control its actions," Somerset says. She also tried to point out that Hamas had a responsibility to care for its people, and that by sending rockets into Israel, it had abdicated that responsibility.
"It was a very challenging period," Somerset recalls. "During this time we were also trying to end the war as soon as possible and address humanitarian needs. We were coordinating convoys with humanitarian assistance, sending in oil tankers so Gaza would not run out of power, and trying to evacuate Americans from the region."
Somerset began working for the State Department not long after she graduated from Bucknell. Eight years into the job, she already had battle experience. Her assignment as the senior desk officer for Lebanon (another Washington, D.C. posting) had begun just one week after the fighting between Israel and Hezbollah commenced in July 2006. She finished that assignment in 2008 and moved on to the Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs. Since October she has worked as the special assistant to the undersecretary of public diplomacy and public affairs.
Diplomacy, says Wood, is no mystery. It's something we all engage in individually many times a day, whenever we get two or more parties to agree on a project plan at work or a movie at the cineplex. Of course, the challenges — and the stakes — are much greater for diplomats negotiating with sovereign powers who sometimes have competing goals. The job can be frustrating at times, but in the end, these Bucknellians say, they know they are making a difference.
Theresa Medoff, a regular contributor to Bucknell Magazine, is the 2010 Delaware Press Association Communicator of Achievement.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Somalia, US, and the Dual-Track Letdown
Posted Nov 07, 2010 by Abukar Arman
Ethiopia, Somalia, United StatesCommentary
Somalia in particular and the Horn of Africa in general are at such a volatile stage that any misstep — domestic or foreign — could only further exacerbate their perilous condition. One such potential misstep is the recently proposed US foreign policy toward Somalia known as the Dual-Track approach.
First, a brief background: In 2006 — over a decade after the infamous "Black Hawk Down" incident that caused Somalia and the United States to drift apart — the US showed renewed interest in Somalia. As a result, in recent years, the US has led donor nations in generosity — notwithstanding the fact that roughly ninety percent of the over $200 million it has donated to Somalia is earmarked to AMISOM: the African Union troops there to enforce peace.
Second, since President Obama's historic Cairo Speech, the anticipation was high in Somalia as it was in other parts of the Islamic world that the Obama administration would finally do away with that all too familiar foreign policy based on the global war on terror. And, for almost two years, while the US intelligence agencies debated what the new policy toward Somalia would be, there was a growing sense of hope that the new administration would conscientiously craft a policy "based on mutual interest and mutual respect."
Then, all of a sudden, there appeared the Dual-Track approach!
In a nutshell, this policy is based on engaging diplomatically and economically any and all Somali political actors, armed or unarmed, as long as those entities are not supporting the extremist group al-Shabaab — even if these actors are overtly or covertly opposed to the Transitional Federal Government.
Understandably, the impetus driving this new policy is the impatience caused by the rapid change of Somalia's security landscape in the past two decades. In addition to the growing violent extremism, there is the transnational threat of piracy, arms smuggling, human and drug trafficking. Needless to say, these threats are further complicated by the slow progress of the TFG in building a robust security apparatus and broadening its territorial control.
But, in an apparent effort to adapt its security and strategic needs to the reality on the ground, the US seems to have inadvertently stepped into a clan minefield that could cause the TGF, and indeed the US itself, a significant political setback and long-term threat.
While providing economic incentive and the prestige of diplomatic engagement might generally lure or charm interest groups, in clan-centric communities that understand federalism only through the prism of the dominant clan's right to control resources and hoard power, it's likely to have an adverse effect.
And while this is a "US policy made in Washington" it is hard to ignore how closely it resembles another failed approach to Somalia.
Neighboring Ethiopia has unsuccessfully been pursuing almost a similar policy for two decades. It did not succeed, because, on one hand, it undermined the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Somali state; and on the other, as a result of the zero-sum competition between clans, it sowed seeds of division, marginalization, and hate that perpetuated violence and chaos.
While it still retains friendly relations with the TFG, Ethiopia has unilaterally been engaging "Somaliland" and "Puntland" in all diplomatic, military, and economic fronts as if these two political entities had the absolute autonomy to frame their respective foreign, defense, and monitory policies that are independent of Somalia.
Make no mistake, Somaliland and Puntland had legitimate grievances that compelled them to explore drastic secessionist and semi-secessionist options. They have taken their matters into their own hands and since become success stories that should make all Somalis proud. Both have established a semblance of peace in the northwestern and northeastern regions. On the other hand, their actions have lent a façade of authenticity to the so-called "building blocks approach" that some special interest groups were adamantly pushing in the past two decades.
The premise of that approach is an ill-conceived notion that Somalia could never sustain itself as a nation-state and that its people can only coexist as clan-based enclaves that are independent of each other. The failure of the state, according to these groups, is irreversible and permanent.
However, can these clan-based building blocks ensure sustainable security and stability?
Clan demarcations are intertwined both in Somaliland and Puntland, so distrust and territorial dispute have kept these two successful communities apart. And even more complex dynamics exist in the recently formed Hiranland and the soon-to-come — should this trend continue — Jubaland and Banadirland. And, a preview of the new violence that is likely to ignite in each is already playing out in Puntland.
Back to the Dual-Track approach: One of the most detrimental obstacles to this approach would come from each regionally-based partner's unwillingness to participate in positive engagement on matters of mutual interest or collaborative coexistence with the free-floating political entity next door. Any skeptic would only have to review Somaliland and Puntland's record of collaboration in the many years that each was operating independently of the Somali government.
In conclusion: If there is any evidence that the best bulwark against the spread of violent extremism in Somalia is found through fragments of clannish polities and regions that function independently of the state, then both the US and Somalia ought to shout "Eureka!" in unison. If not, the likely outcome is pigeonholed security schemes and safe zones under the command of various dominant clans in partnership with contracted private security companies (who are accountable to no one). And this, needless to say, would only prove the best recruitment campaign for al-Shabaab.
If this Dual-Track approach promises any hope for sustainable peace and security in Somalia, it is found in the words of Johnnie Carson, Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs, who recently said ". . . we decide what to do, we don't base our decisions on what Ethiopia might think is appropriate and we'll reserve the right to change this policy whenever we want."
Abukar Arman is Somalia's Special Envoy to the United States.
| Print
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Also by Abukar Arman
Somalia, US, and the Dual-Track Letdown by Abukar Arman	November 07, 2010
Somalia: Peace, Security, and the Upshot of Political Subjugation by Abukar Arman	July 08, 2010
Somalia: There Is No Military Solution to Piracy by Abukar Arman	April 24, 2009
Jihad against the Abuse of Jihad by Abukar Arman	March 23, 2009


A sleeveless floral piece with fun back gold button detail. This piece has pinks, purples, greens and blues on a white background. It also has a bit of a looser fit so it looks great with a fitted denim bottom.


text:
Q: How to write a unit test with neo4j-in-memory-server I have written a webservice and would now like to write some unit tests for it.
I stumbled across Michael Hunger's in memory server.
Due to the sparse documentation, I have a hard time setting up only one unit test.
I cloned the project, included it in my workspace and added it as a dependency to my project.
In order to test my web service, I wrote this method to create an in-memory neo4j server:
@BeforeClass
public static void setupInMemoryServer()
{
    CommunityBootstrapper s = new CommunityBootstrapper();
    int status = -1;
    try
    {
        status = s.start();
    }
    catch(Exception e)
    {
        System.out.println("could not start server");
        e.printStackTrace();
        System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        System.out.println(e.getCause());
        System.out.println(e.getLocalizedMessage());
    }
    System.out.println(hostAvailabilityCheck());
    System.out.println("status = "+status);

}
public static boolean hostAvailabilityCheck() {
        try (Socket s = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 7474)) {
            return true;
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            System.out.println ("Neo server not online");
        }
        return false;
    }

When I run this code, I get the following output:

Mai 29, 2014 10:13:17 PM org.neo4j.server.logging.Logger log SEVERE: Unable to upgrade database Mai 29, 2014 10:13:17 PM
  org.neo4j.server.logging.Logger log SEVERE:
  org.neo4j.server.ServerStartupException: Starting Neo4j Server failed:
  Startup failed due to preflight task [class
  org.neo4j.server.preflight.PerformUpgradeIfNecessary]: Unable to
  upgrade database  at
  org.neo4j.server.AbstractNeoServer.start(AbstractNeoServer.java:218)
    at org.neo4j.server.Bootstrapper.start(Bootstrapper.java:87)    at
  org.neo4j.server.Bootstrapper.start(Bootstrapper.java:74)     at
  com.youtube.rest.status.test.CreateUserTest.setupInMemoryServer(CreateUserTest.java:26)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)  at
  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)   at
  sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)   at
  java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)   at
  org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at
  org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at
  org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at
  org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24)
    at
  org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)    at
  org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at
  org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at
  org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at
  org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at
  org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at
  org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
  Caused by: org.neo4j.server.preflight.PreflightFailedException:
  Startup failed due to preflight task [class
  org.neo4j.server.preflight.PerformUpgradeIfNecessary]: Unable to
  upgrade database  at
  org.neo4j.server.AbstractNeoServer.runPreflightTasks(AbstractNeoServer.java:335)
    at
  org.neo4j.server.AbstractNeoServer.start(AbstractNeoServer.java:152)
    ... 19 more
Mai 29, 2014 10:13:17 PM org.neo4j.server.logging.Logger log SEVERE:
  Failed to start Neo Server on port [7474]
true
status = 1
Mai 29, 2014
  10:13:17 PM org.neo4j.server.logging.Logger log WARNING: Failed to
  cleanly shutdown database. Mai 29, 2014 10:13:17 PM
  org.neo4j.server.logging.Logger log INFO: Successfully shutdown Neo
  Server on port [7474], database [unknown location]

I don't know why this happens since the server is built in memory and everything is (should) created temporarily. I neither understand, how database update conflicts can occur nor how to resolve them.

A: Based on the string "Unable to upgrade database" in your stack trace, it looks like your database needs to be upgraded, but the upgrade cannot be done automatically. You may need to do an "explicit upgrade", as described on this page.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Jamie Little
Jamie Little (born April 9, 1978) is an American pit reporter for NASCAR coverage on Fox. Little is a former pit reporter for ESPN/ABC coverage of the Indy Racing League,[3] although she returned to her pit reporting duty for the 2007 and 2008 Indianapolis 500 as well as the 2013 Firestone 550, and NASCAR on ESPN. Little joined ESPN in 1998 and covered both the Winter and Summer X Games.[3] She is well known among the motocross and extreme sports community for being a pit report on ESPN's Motoworld program.[3] Little won the 2008 Toyota Pro/Celebrity Race, edging out Craftsman Truck Series champion Mike Skinner by 0.324 seconds.[4]
Little in 2019
(1978-04-09) April 9, 1978 (age 41)
South Lake Tahoe, California, U.S.[1]
Sportscaster, Sports reporter, NASCAR reporter, Television personality
5 ft 10 in (178 cm)[2]
Cody Selman
Little announced on her website she would return to the Winter X Games in January 2010, covering the Snowmobile Motocross. Also, Little returned to her hosting duties for ESPN's second annual New Years, No Limits special on New Year's Eve.
On September 25, 2014, it was announced that Little would move to FOX Sports beginning in January 2015 to serve as a NASCAR pit reporter[5] for Monster Energy Cup Series, Xfinity Series and Camping World Truck Series races.[6]
Little is a 2001 graduate of San Diego State University.[3] Attended Greenspun Junior High School and graduated 8th grade in 1992. Attended Green Valley High School.
In December 2010, Little married Cody Selman in La Jolla, California. On August 9, 2012, she gave birth to a boy, Carter Wayne Selman. On October 24, 2016 Jamie and Cody welcomed Sierra Lynn Selman, the couple's 2nd born child.
Selman & Little own two Jimmy John's franchises near their Las Vegas home.[7]
^ http://www.jamielittle.com/about.html
^ Jamie Little [@JamieLittleTV] (3 November 2014). "I love my job!!!!!!!!!! And I'm FINE!!! Helps being 5'10", I wasn't leaving my spot! Anything for the job!" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
^ a b c d "Biography". ESPN. Archived from the original on January 16, 2010. Retrieved 19 February 2010.
^ "NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series Champion Mike Skinner Takes Professional Category". The Auto Channel. April 19, 2008. Retrieved February 19, 2010.
^ "Jamie Little Joins FOX Sports Family". National Speed Sport News. Turn 3 Media LLC. Retrieved September 25, 2014.
^ Gluck, Jeff (January 25, 2015). "Jeff Gordon to be Fox guest analyst for NASCAR's Xfinity series". USA Today. Retrieved January 25, 2015.
^ Kantowski, Ron. "Daytona 500 a family affair for pit road reporter Jamie Little". reviewjournal.com. Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved 27 February 2017.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jamie_Little&oldid=902074167"


text:
Q: making parsed image fill imageview hello all I have a parsed image that's 500x500 and I want it to fit an image view that is set to wrap content. currently the imege doesnt fit the view and constantly overlaps other images. is there anyway i can parse this image and have it fill my image view (as if I set an image as background instead of src) thanks!
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:background="@drawable/list_selector1"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    >

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/list_image"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:src="@drawable/posty"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:layout_alignParentEnd="true" />

    <ImageView
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:background="@drawable/listback1"

        android:id="@+id/imageView2"
        android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/list_image"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />
    <!--Author-->

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/duration"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="17dip"
        android:text="The state of Canada's National Post has lead peopele to belive that the nations staple service my be comming to a grinding halt"
        android:paddingLeft="5dp"
        android:textAlignment="textStart"
        android:typeface="serif"
        android:gravity="center|center_horizontal"
        android:paddingRight="5dp"
        android:layout_alignWithParentIfMissing="false"
        android:paddingBottom="3.3dp"
        android:paddingTop="3.3dp"
        android:layout_below="@+id/id"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/id"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textColor="#e74c3c"
        android:text="External"
        android:textSize="10dip"
        android:textStyle="bold"
        android:layout_weight="18.75"
        android:paddingBottom="5dp"
        android:layout_alignTop="@+id/imageView2"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/author"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textColor="#e74c3c"
        android:textSize="15dip"
        android:text="Madeleine Wieler "
        android:textStyle="italic"
        android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/imageView2"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:layout_alignParentEnd="true" />

</RelativeLayout>

the image loader class
 public class ImageLoader {

MemoryCache memoryCache=new MemoryCache();
FileCache fileCache;
private Map<ImageView, String> imageViews=Collections.synchronizedMap(new WeakHashMap<ImageView, String>());
ExecutorService executorService;

public ImageLoader(Context context){
    fileCache=new FileCache(context);
    executorService=Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
}

final int stub_id = R.drawable.no_image;
public void DisplayImage(String url, ImageView imageView)
{
    imageViews.put(imageView, url);
    Bitmap bitmap=memoryCache.get(url);
    if(bitmap!=null) {
        BitmapDrawable bd = new BitmapDrawable(bitmap);
        imageView.setBackgroundDrawable(bd);
    }
    else
    {
        queuePhoto(url, imageView);
        imageView.setImageResource(stub_id);
    }
}

private void queuePhoto(String url, ImageView imageView)
{
    PhotoToLoad p=new PhotoToLoad(url, imageView);
    executorService.submit(new PhotosLoader(p));
}

private Bitmap getBitmap(String url)
{
    File f=fileCache.getFile(url);

    //from SD cache
    Bitmap b = decodeFile(f);
    if(b!=null)
        return b;

    //from web
    try {
        Bitmap bitmap=null;
        URL imageUrl = new URL(url);
        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)imageUrl.openConnection();
        conn.setConnectTimeout(30000);
        conn.setReadTimeout(30000);
        conn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
        InputStream is=conn.getInputStream();
        OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(f);
        Utils.CopyStream(is, os);
        os.close();
        bitmap = decodeFile(f);
        return bitmap;
    } catch (Exception ex){
        ex.printStackTrace();
        return null;
    }
}

    //decodes image and scales it to reduce memory consumption
//decodes image and scales it to reduce memory consumption
    private Bitmap decodeFile(File f){
        try {
            return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f));
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {}
        return null;
    }
    //Task for the queue
    private class PhotoToLoad
    {
    public String url;
    public ImageView imageView;
    public PhotoToLoad(String u, ImageView i){
        url=u;
        imageView=i;
    }
}

class PhotosLoader implements Runnable {
    PhotoToLoad photoToLoad;
    PhotosLoader(PhotoToLoad photoToLoad){
        this.photoToLoad=photoToLoad;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        if(imageViewReused(photoToLoad))
            return;
        Bitmap bmp=getBitmap(photoToLoad.url);
        memoryCache.put(photoToLoad.url, bmp);
        if(imageViewReused(photoToLoad))
            return;
        BitmapDisplayer bd=new BitmapDisplayer(bmp, photoToLoad);
        Activity a=(Activity)photoToLoad.imageView.getContext();
        a.runOnUiThread(bd);
    }
}

boolean imageViewReused(PhotoToLoad photoToLoad){
    String tag=imageViews.get(photoToLoad.imageView);
    if(tag==null || !tag.equals(photoToLoad.url))
        return true;
    return false;
}

//Used to display bitmap in the UI thread
class BitmapDisplayer implements Runnable
{
    Bitmap bitmap;
    PhotoToLoad photoToLoad;
    public BitmapDisplayer(Bitmap b, PhotoToLoad p){bitmap=b;photoToLoad=p;}
    public void run()
    {
        if(imageViewReused(photoToLoad))
            return;
        if(bitmap!=null)
            photoToLoad.imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        else
            photoToLoad.imageView.setImageResource(stub_id);
    }
}

public void clearCache() {
    memoryCache.clear();
    fileCache.clear();
}
}

A: Your second imageview should use layout_toLeftOf="@+id/list_image" to prevent the overlap and about the image not fitting you should probably play around with the scaleType property


Five years on, the first collaboration by Montreal star chefs Stefano Faita and Michele Forgione is as fresh as ever.
Open: Lunch Thurs.-Fri. 11:30 a.m. to 2 p.m.; dinner Tues.-Sat. 5 to 11 p.m.
Price range: Starters $9-$19; pastas $19-$28; main courses $33-$36; desserts $8-$12; four-course tasting menu $65.
It takes about a decade for a chef to make his or her mark. Some do it faster, others take longer. I've watched young chefs peak only to burn out too quickly, while others gradually work their way up. A minimum amount of time is required simply to understand how professional cooking works, to learn from mentors and to make a lot of mistakes along the way. You'd be surprised how many failed dishes I've tasted by some of Montreal's top chefs, both at the beginning of their careers and at the end. But in between comes a high point when you know you're experiencing the food of a chef running a well-oiled machine of a kitchen.
There are many chefs in Montreal who are hitting their stride and making their mark right now. Regular readers of this column know the names. The dynamic duo of Stefano Faita and Michele Forgione at Impasto are among the ones I admire most.
A decade ago, Forgione was a chef in the kitchen of an upscale retirement home and Faita kept busy helping out at mom Elena Faita's store (Quincaillerie Dante) and cooking school (Mezza Luna), before writing his first cookbook, Entre cuisine et quincaillerie. The two had known each other for a couple of years before opening Impasto in the fall of 2013; Forgione was coming off a successful run as chef at Osteria Venti, and Faita was hosting the CBC cooking show In the Kitchen With Stefano Faita. Their 54-seat restaurant, designed by Zébulon Perron, featured an open kitchen with bar seating, and food from every region of Italy. The emphasis was on authentic regional cuisine, with absolutely everything — from charcuterie to pasta to jarred tomatoes to gelato — made on the premises.
These boys are now on fire, with two other restaurants to their name — Gema Pizzeria across the street, and Chez Tousignant a few blocks away. A frequent face on food TV, Forgione has written a book of his own, Montréalissimo (Éditions de l'Homme, 2016) and Faita works as TV host (TVA's Arrive en campagne) as well as spokesperson for many brands. The two launched a successful line of jarred sauces in 2017, and a line of frozen pizzas is due in January. If that wasn't enough, they will open a new restaurant in Villeray around March. Fun!
But back to Impasto, the restaurant that started it all. Having dined there often since my first review five years ago, it has become a favourite — especially for a Friday lunch, when you can enjoy a couple of glasses of wine midday (and head home for a nap). I had an especially memorable lunch there last spring, the highlight being the snow crab culurgiones made by Aicia Colacci. Forgione explained that Colacci was the only member of his team who had mastered the art of making these plump and delicate dumplings, which hail from her family's region of Sardinia. Along with those babies came a glass of white from Domaine du Nival — not the usual Italian organic/natural selection, but a biodynamic wine from Quebec. Nice!
I returned for dinner last week to see how Colacci, now promoted to chef, was doing now that Faita and Forgione are often busy elsewhere. On a chilly Tuesday night, the restaurant was half empty — a surprising sight, as a table at Impasto is usually a tough reservation to nab. Perron's decor is as fresh as ever, and always-smiling manager/sommelier Benjamin Lemay-Lemieux showed me to a table, where I enjoyed a fine flute of Prosecco while waiting for my friends to arrive.
The menu is longer than I remembered, with an emphasis on pasta, as well as a fish of the day and their famous Gaspor porchetta. The wine list is filled with gems, primarily Italian, at many price points. You can select your own, but I'd go by the glass and let Lemay-Lemieux do the choosing.
We began — as always at Impasto — with the homemade charcuterie plate, enjoying the spicy mortadella, terrine, capicollo, speck and prosciutto along with some refreshing pickled tomatoes on slices of spongy focaccia. Bliss!
Following that, we inhaled a starter featuring buffalo mozzarella with roasted carrots, cipollini onions, a swirl of carrot purée and a spoonful of chunky tapenade. I would have never thought to pair roasted carrots with mozzarella, but it worked, with the potent tapenade contrasting against the carrots' sweetness.
Next came two other copious appetizers: octopus with borlotti beans and "pallotte cacio e uova," described by the waiter as meatless meatballs. The octopus was flawless: tender, ideally charred and served on a tuna spread, which I hardly noticed because I was so wrapped up in the delectable octopus. As for the meatless meatballs, this mix of bread crumbs, eggs and Parmesan won us over not only because the dumplings were so good, but because the vibrant tomato sauce had the ideal porridge-like texture.
For mains we stuck to pasta, choosing the rabbit mafalde, as well as rigatoni given the cacio e pepe treatment. The ruffled ribbons of mafalde were twirled around juicy morsels of rabbit, along with braised chicory leaves, olives and Piave cheese (often referred to as Parmesan's cousin because of its similar texture and flavour). The dish was good, but would have been great had the salting not been as heavy, which was also the case with the rigatoni. Cacio e pepe is all the rage in pasta circles, and the secret to this simple dish — made with two kinds of cheese (Parmesan and pecorino), butter and plenty of cracked pepper — is the right dose of pasta water. I thought the balance of ingredients was bang-on but again, the salt was played too strong. I mentioned it to my dining companions; they shrugged it off, but I'm certain this kitchen can do better.
When it comes to Italian desserts, though, no one does better. We were happy to nibble on a slice of Forgione's pine nut tart before diving into the famous Impasto panna cotta, this time made with coconut milk and topped with a white wine jelly, coconut almond crumble and white chocolate. I don't know if you'd get that in Italy, but what nonna wouldn't love a bite of this North American version?
One thing I do know is that these talented chefs have yet to hit their peak. They've been cooking for decades, but Impasto is still young. And with so many projects on the horizon, it's exciting to think of what's next. Truth is, they're only getting going.


text:
Keith Dunlap, Digital Content Team, Graham Media Group
Tags: Weird News, News, Travel
Man calls in bomb threat in attempt to date flight attendant
Threat forces 130 passengers, 5 crew members to evacuate
Some people will do anything for love.
In the case of one Serbian man, that "anything" was calling in a bomb threat to keep a flight attendant he liked in his country.
The 65-year-old man confessed in court that he called in a bomb threat to stop a Lufthansa flight from going to Frankfurt, Germany, from Belgrade, Serbia, according to Reuters.
The man called in the threat because he wanted to go on a date with a flight attendant on the crew whom he met while she was in town.
The woman refused the man's offer of dinner.
After failing to find her at the hotel where she was staying, the man got desperate and phoned in the bomb threat to keep her in the country, the Reuters report says.
The threat forced 130 passengers and five crew members to evacuate while a special police squad searched the aircraft.
This wasn't the only bizarre bomb threat called in to an airline this year.
In January, a man called in a bomb threat to an easyJet flight to avoid seeing his parents who were flying in to see him.
Graham Media Group 2019
Keith Dunlap
Keith is a member of Graham Media Group's Digital Content Team, which produces content for all the company's news websites.


George Gooderham's house on Bloor at St. George was named by him as "Waveney", after the river where Scole (the family town in England) was situated. The local populace, however, called it "Alca Hall". It is now the York Club.
Editor's note: Why "Alca Hall?"


text:
Skerryvore Live Act of the Year
One of the unexpected musical highlights of this year was during a wee trip to Dundee with the family. We were actually there to watch the good old Ayrshire Kille get hammered by Dundee United but that's a by product.
The aforementioned bonus was finding out that "bagrock" band Skerryvore were playing in the city and a quick call and we were off to see them play.
I think the kids were initially less than overwhelmed at the prospect but went along with the idea and we headed over to the Arts Centre in the city. Turns out it's a great wee venue with a fantastic bar and a tidy auditorium.
And Skerryvore?
Well I'd seen them before playing a set for us at the Golf Tourism Awards at Turnberry a couple of years earlier but in front of the more receptive audience they were excellent and totally won over the kids too - son even spending his pocket money on a T-shirt!
So we were delighted to hear that they won a gong in theTrad Awards winning 'Live Act of the Year' on Saturday at the awards ceremony in Perth.
The event was filmed for BBC Alba and shown on monday night with a short live Skerryvore set as part of the show. You can watch it HERE on the BBC iplayer if you wish but be warned some of Gaelic and it will probably only be available in the UK and for a short preiod of time. But it's a pretty good piece of TV and worth a look.
Anyway, congratulations to the band and if you get the chance to watch them take it you can find out more at www.skerryvore.com
Labels: live act of the year, skerryvore trad award
Scottish Lamb Recipe from Fife
Festive Segway...
Whisky Stramash Looking For "AmDrammers"
Boxing Day Night Out in Ayrshire?
Scottish Rugby Moves The Goalposts to Glasgow
AC/DC - Scotland's Family Jewels Exhibition
Great Glasgow Golfing Destination - Welcome to Mar...
West Highlands Fishing at Tomdoun


text:
Has Atomic Physics Lost its Way? STEM and the Orbital Model (Part 1)
The first widely accepted model for the atom was the 1913 Bohr model consisting of a positively charged nucleus being orbited by negatively charged electrons. The Bohr model was soon converted into the Orbital Nuclear Atomic Model (ONAM) with the nucleus represented by a cluster of protons and neutrons, and the electrons, acting more like electromagnetic waves than particles, are represented by weirdly shaped probability distributions around the nucleus.
Currently the 2 main ONAM areas of research are the Standard Model (SM) and Quantum Mechanics (QM). But within these areas there is dissatisfaction and divided opinion with at least 30 alternative theories listed in Wikipedia. Some alternatives have unsuccessfully attempted to reconcile the various approaches, such as Stephen Hawking's Theory of Everything (TOE) and the Grand Unified Theory (GUT).
The mathematics associated with SM and QM research has increasingly become more complex, specialised and seemingly divorced from reality. As Nikola Tesla unkindly put it "Today's scientists have substituted mathematics for experiments, and they wander off through equation after equation, and eventually build a structure which has no relation to reality". In the past 50 years or so, apart from identifying new transient exotic particles, very little real progress has been made by either SM or QM in spite of tremendous advances in technology and huge taxpayer-funded spends on such research over the same time period. Hence the question, has Atomic Physics lost its way?
A review of the ONAM development timeline reveals that ONAM may have lost its way quite early on. It would seem that in the early 1900's, well before the discovery of the positron, the Science community focused too soon on the one approach, which involved a re-vamping of the Bohr model, without stepping back to check out other possibilities. This is comparable to a crime investigation, where early focus on the one person of interest to the exclusion of other potential suspects that can lead to a gross miscarriage of justice. The purpose of this book is to introduce another person of interest in the form of the Spin Torus Energy Model (STEM), and explores how well it fits the circumstantial evidence associated with the atom.
STEM is an energy-centric preon-based model. Preons are considered to be sub-components of quarks, and the main preon based atomic theory is the 1979 Rishon model; but it failed to gain much traction or support. In the light of the technological explosion that has taken place over the 40 years since 1979, and the apparent lack of progress by SM and QM in that time, a re-examination and re-working of the preon model approach is well overdue.
This book is the first of a 3-part series that presents a practical, pragmatic, descriptive model without the complex mathematics associated with SM and QM. You do not need to be a Physicist or a mathematician to follow the subject material. This book introduces STEM, and applies it to explain electricity and the relationship between magnetic and electric fields.
The part 2 book extends the STEM electron model to the preon. It develops an atomic model that explains the bonding geometry and valency preferences of chemical compounds and the allotropic forms assumed by many elements. It also provides an explanation for the phenomena of electron capture and beta decay.
The part 3 book provides a STEM explanation for the particle-wave nature of EMR, spectral line emission and absorption, the photo-electric and Compton effects, P-N semiconductors, electron pair generation and annihilation, plasma behaviour, and Gravity.
If you have an interest in Science matters then you owe it to yourself to read this 3 part series.
More Books by David Johnson
Subtle Power of Spiritual Abuse
i-Carnets de bridge
Carnets de bridge


text:
package org.fusesource.hawtdispatch

import org.scalatest._
import junit.JUnitRunner
import org.junit.runner.RunWith
import org.scalatest.matchers.ShouldMatchers
import java.nio._
import java.nio.channels._
import java.net._
import java.io.IOException
import org.fusesource.hawtdispatch._
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

/**
 *

 *

 *
 * @author Hiram Chirino
 */
@RunWith(classOf[JUnitRunner])
class SocketTest extends FunSuite with ShouldMatchers {

  test("Socket Disconnect Event") {

    val connections = new AtomicInteger(0);

    class Server() {
      val channel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
      channel.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(0));
      channel.configureBlocking(false);

      val queue = createQueue("server")
      val accept_source = createSource(channel, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT, queue);
      accept_source.onEvent {
        val socket = channel.accept();
        try {
          new Session(socket).start()
        } catch {
          case e: Exception => socket.close
        }
      }

      def start() = {
        accept_source.resume
        this
      }

      def stop() = {
        accept_source.cancel
      }

      accept_source.onCancel {
        channel.close();
      }

      def port = channel.socket.getLocalPort

    }

    class Session(val channel: SocketChannel) {
      channel.configureBlocking(false);
      channel.socket.setSoLinger(true, 0)

      val buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
      val queue = createQueue("session")
      val read_source = createSource(channel, SelectionKey.OP_READ, queue);
      var closed = false

      read_source.setEventHandler(^{
        try {
          buffer.clear
          if( !channel.isConnected ) {
            close
          } else if (channel.read(buffer) == -1) {
            if( !closed ) {
              close
            }
          }
        } catch {
          case e:IOException =>
            if( !closed ) {
              close
            }
        }
      })

      connections.incrementAndGet
      def start() = read_source.resume

      def close() = {
        if( !closed ) {
          closed = true;
          read_source.cancel
        }
      }

      read_source.onCancel {
        connections.decrementAndGet
        channel.close
      }

    }

    def connections_should_equal(value:Int):Unit = {
      for( i <- 0 until 20 ) {
        if( connections.get==value ) {
          return;
        }
        Thread.sleep(100);
      }
      connections.get should equal(value)
    }

    val server = new Server()
    server.start

    for( i <- 0 until 20 ) {
      connections_should_equal(0)
      val socket = new Socket("localhost", server.port);
      socket.setSoLinger(true, 0)
      connections_should_equal(1)
      socket.close
      connections_should_equal(0)
    }

  }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Handmade Art Deco earrings with large oxidized brass triangles and black glitter glass.
US made high quality brass, settings and ear wires.
Made with extra large oxidized brass triangular Art Deco 'shields' I antiqued to a smoky almost black patina.
I adorned them with clear vintage glass cabochons I reverse painted with sparkling holographic rainbow glitter over black.
Topped with vintage mustard and bronze glass beads.


Box Dimensions (LxWxH) 11.5 x 6.2 x 6.1"
70-200mm f/2.8 Di LD (IF) Macro AF Lens for Sony Alpha & Minolta SLR is rated 4.6 out of 5 by 78.
Rated 4 out of 5 by Liam from Worth the money I couldn't justify spending twice as much for the newer Tamron 70-200 that doesn't have VC in the Sony mount. Sony's in camera VC does a good job with this lens. The only reason for a 4 star rating is the slow focus at times, but that I knew this after reading several reviews in my research before purchasing. When using this lens indoors in poor lighting I simply switched to manual focus. The lens is heavy, but that is to be expected with any lens of this focal range. I would recommend using a vertical grip attached to the camera body to balance the weight of the lens when hand holding. The included tripod ring and lens hood are a plus.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Walter S. from Having fun with this lens! Been having a ball getting acquainted with this lens.I'll take pictures of just about anything but I prefer wildlife, macro and grandkids.The f/2.8 arpeture is giving me more versitility with all types of lighting and the solid build gives confidence of it's durability.Like most lenses though there can be some drawbacks.Wide open at 200mm. pictures are a little soft(not surprised).Stopped down a little or back off on the reach and pictures look good.The auto focus is quick enough to stop birds in flight with good light.Not as fast in twilight but thats what manual focus is for.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Anonymous from Great Lens for sports This was my first non-Sony lens purchased for my a100. I wanted a zoom lens with a f/2.8 and didn't want to spend the money for the Sony version. My Sony 75-300mm f/4.5 takes great daytime photos, but fails when the light goes down. My kids have swim meets in the evening outdoors, and I was always unhappy with the outcome of my pictures with my other lenses. My Sony 50mm f/1.4 did great, but no zoom. After using this lens at a couple swim meets, I can tell a huge difference in my pictures. They turned out vibrant and colorful with such depth. I can see using this lens for many more things than for what I bought it for.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Mike in Brooklyn from Great value at its price point This lens is sharp even wide open and its colors are either spot on or very close to it. I have not seen any fringing or vignetting either. As with all f/2.8 lenses, it's a bit heavy, but I stood for hours taking pictures of a parade with this lens on my camera at all times and my arms rarely needed to rest. If I had to give any complaint at all, it's that the lens will, rarely, hunt too much for a subject. This happens most often when taking pictures of airplanes against a cloudless sky. I look forward to shooting sports action at night with the lens. From what I can tell, it'll perform quite admirably then, as well.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Anonymous from Good glass! After comparing it with the Sigma, I went for the Tamron because of several little things: - Better optical performance overall - Better IQ of APS-c and FF - Better price tham the Sigma. There are some things I'd like to mention: Recently on Dpreview there were some rumors this lens wouldn't last over 40-50.000 shots. I've only shot 300.000 and never had any glitch, so I cannot confirm this rumor. The AF isn't as good as the Sigma, but for someone like me coming recently from a MF SLR, this isn't a deal. AF is indeed as fast ( on continuous) as I can get! 100% recommendable!
Rated 5 out of 5 by R Guy from Excellent lens for the money I use this lens mainly for portraits and plants/flowers. It is razor sharp with consistent output. Excellent bokeh gives a nice blurry background/sharp on subject. Cropped pics from macro shots are crisp and usable 8 x 10 and larger. Focusing speed is good. I hardly miss seagulls and squirrels with this lens. Build quality is solid. However, I found the zoom/ focus rings a bit loose compared to all my other lenses (including Tamron 17-50 f2.8). It is heavy but for the excellent image quality, it is worth to carry it like a baby with both hands while walking in nature trails.


You gotta dig it to dig it, you dig?
I'm a big basketball fan. And of course I love to rep some Zen/Dharma, so I've always loved NBA legend Phil Jackson or as he is known, the Zen Master. He always had the best players as a coach and many say that is the reason he won so many Championships (11 as a coach). But with great players comes great ego's. His gift was his ability to manage and connect all those egos into a winning team. He was able to get his players to rise above talent alone.
Don't play the piano part, I'm playing that.
Don't play everything (or every time); let some things go by . . . What you don't play can be more important than what you do.
Man the Monk hit those keys hard, and this advice is tight. You dig?
"Don't play everything (or overtime); let some things go by…what you don't play can be more important then what you do."
In the hot room as we practice, this is sage advice especially when we get caught up in our habit energy. Sometimes what we don't do can have a bigger impact in our practice. In Modo Flow, sometimes people try to keep up with the person next to them or around them and get out of their own bodies. What we don't do: don't keep up with anyone, return to your breath and allow it to lead the movement. It may tell you to take a little break, or it may invite you to go beyond what you thought was capable.
In the hot room when the heat is going deep and the heart rate gets up our mind can go to story telling mode. What we don't do can often have more impact. Don't let your thoughts lead your practice. Come back to that breath and let it lead the movement.
These vibes for his combo can be great for life as well. I love the advice, "Whatever you think can't be done, somebody will come along and do it." He's reminding his band to think positive of think of what can be. Every day we have to opportunity to step into possibility. But based on what others say or think we side step and believe that maybe it's not possible. But someone always comes along and does.
Today is a great day to come back to an idea or passion you have step into it. Swing at it and then swing some more.
Question: Of his list of advice, which one do you vibe with the most?
"But Miles never judged it—he just heard it as a sound that had happened..."
One of my fave artists is Herbie Hancock, he's a risk taker and an invovator. One of his biggest influences is the #Legend that is Miles Davis.
Last night & today in class I shared a powerful story about a great lesson Miles taught a young 20 year old Herbie Hancock. This set the tone for the work we did today in class.
Herbie Hancock in his 20's was playing Piano for Miles Davis. One night in Sweden, the band was tight. Everything was flowing & the crowd was going nuts. Toward the end of the night Miles is leading up to his big solo in his track "So What", as he's building the solo, he takes a breath. In that Pause Herbie lays down a chord that was so wrong.
"And because he didn't judge it, he was able to run with it, to turn it into something amazing."
How does this relate to our practice/life?
It's so easy to judge ourself. It's so easy to feel we did something wrong or that "something must be wrong with me". In class we can stand in front of the mirror and it's easy to judge ourself and others around. Easy to compare ourselves.
The breath does not judge, it informs you and guides you. If we connect that breath with our ability to calm the mind, and reduce our judgements and comparisons we become able to move from where we are and create something amazing.
Judgement creates labels, and labels limit your ability to make authentic connections. That's why I love when he points out, "he just heard it as a sound that happened". This is not just jazz, this mindfulness work.
We offen judge/label our experiences as "good, bad, right, wrong, positive, negative. When we define it as such we remove ourselves from the full experience.


In America, a coffee cake is not a cake flavoured with coffee, as you might imagine, but any cake that might be eaten for breakfast or lunch with a cup of coffee. This one is made with soured cream and bananas, and has a hazelnut topping. You can store it in an airtight container for 1-2 days.
Preheat the oven to 180°C, gas mark 4. Grease a 25cm square cake tin and line with baking parchment.
To make the topping, place the flour in a large bowl with the hazelnuts, sugar and salt. Pour over the melted butter, then mix with a round-bladed knife until it resembles rough crumbs. Chill until needed.
To make the cake, place all the ingredients in a large bowl and beat together until the mixture is smooth and thoroughly combined. Spoon into the tin and smooth with the back of a spoon.
Peel and slice the bananas, then toss with lemon juice in a bowl. Scatter the bananas evenly over the surface of the cake mixture, then sprinkle over the hazelnut topping.
Bake for 45-50 minutes, until a skewer inserted into the centre comes out clean. Cool for 10 minutes in the tin, then lift out. Serve warm or cold.


text:
Erin C.J. Robertson
Jun. 02, 2016 09:28AM EST
Check Out This Kenyan Collective of Eccentric Hip-Hop Grandpas
Kenyan digital photographer Osborne Macharia does it again with his editorial follow-up to Kenya's League of Extraordinary Grannies.
African Digital Art has uncovered another gem with Nairobi Watchmen.
It's hard to follow up such an edgy-yet-fun editorial like Nyane: Kenya's League of Extraordinary Grannies, which we reported on a few months ago, but Kenyan architect by trade-turned-digital photographer Osborne Macharia satisfies again.
This time with "Kabangu," a conceptual editorial that spotlights four muscular grandpas who do double-duty as hip-hop aficionados and security guards in Kariobangi, one of Nairobi's settlements.
As true hip-hop heads, they've been following the evolution of the music genre since the 80s. The men have been teaming up to mentor aspiring artists looking to spit bars in the hip-hop industry. Honoring the five elements of the genre: MCing, DJing, breakdancing, graffiti and knowledge—the eccentric grandpa collective instill in their juniors the importance of principles such as peace, equality, prosperity and social justice.
Set your sights on the eye-poppin' editorial below.
KABANGU: Watchmen by night, hip hop heads by day. This is the story of 4 gentlemen in the heart of Kariobangi (one of Nairobi's informal settlements) who call themselves Kabangu. A group of real hip hop heads from the 80's who meet up regularly to educate and mentor upcoming young talent venturing out into the hip hop industry. They teach them on values such as peace, equality, prosperity and social justice. Little is known about them till now.... STYLING / PRODUCTION: @kevoabbra2 MAKE UP: @mdeizimakeup HAIR STYLING: @rickykish (Strand
A photo posted by OSBORNE MACHARIA (@osborne_macharia) on May 31, 2016 at 9:39pm PDT
Kenyan Creator Polly Irungu Launches Black Women Photographers - OkayAfrica ›
fashion photography hip-hop Kanbangu Kenya's League of Extraordinary Grannies kenyan photographers osborne macharia
Artwork: Barthélémy Toguo Lockdown Selfportrait 10, 2020. Courtesy Galerie Lelong & Co
1-54 Contemporary African Art Fair Goes to Paris in 2021
The longstanding celebration of African art will be hosted by Parisian hot spot Christie's for the first time ever.
In admittedly unideal circumstances, 1-54 Contemporary African Art Fair will be touching French soil in 2021. The internationally celebrated art fair devoted to contemporary art from Africa and the African diaspora will be hosted in Paris, France from January 20 - 23. With COVID-19 still having its way around the globe, finding new ways to connect is what it's all about and 1-54 is certainly taking the innovative steps to keep African art alive and well.
In partnership with Christie's, the in-person exhibits will take place at the auction house's city HQ at Avenue Matignon, while 20 international exhibitors will be featured online at Christies.com. And the fun doesn't stop there as the collaboration has brought in new ways to admire the talent from participating galleries from across Africa and Europe. The fair's multi-disciplinary program of talks, screenings, performances, workshops, and readings are set to excite and entice revelers.
Artwork: Delphine Desane Deep Sorrow, 2020. Courtesy Luce Gallery
The tech dependant program, curated by Le 18, a multi-disciplinary art space in Marrakech medina, will see events take place during the Parisian run fair, followed by more throughout February.
This year's 1-54 online will be accessible to global visitors virtually, following the success of the 2019's fair in New York City and London in 2020. In the wake of COVID-19 related regulations and public guidelines, 1-54 in collaboration with Christie's Paris is in compliance with all national regulations, strict sanitary measures, and security.
Artwork: Cristiano Mongovo Murmurantes Acrilico Sobre Tela 190x200cm 2019
1-54 founding director Touria El Glaoui commented, "Whilst we're sad not to be able to go ahead with the fourth edition of 1-54 Marrakech in February as hoped, we are incredibly excited to have the opportunity to be in Paris this January with our first-ever fair on French soil thanks to our dedicated partners Christie's. 1-54's vision has always been to promote vibrant and dynamic contemporary art from a diverse set of African perspectives and bring it to new audiences, and what better way of doing so than to launch an edition somewhere completely new. Thanks to the special Season of African Culture in France, 2021 is already set to be a great year for African art in the country so we are excited to be playing our part and look forward, all being well, to welcoming our French friends to Christie's and many more from around the world to our online fair in January."
Julien Pradels, General Director of Christie's France, said, "Christie's is delighted to announce our second collaboration with 1-54, the Contemporary African Art Fair, following a successful edition in London this October. Paris, with its strong links to the continent, is a perfect place for such a project and the additional context of the delayed Saison Africa 2020 makes this partnership all the more special. We hope this collaboration will prove a meaningful platform for the vibrant African art scene and we are confident that collectors will be as enthusiastic to see the works presented, as we are."
Artwork: Kwesi Botchway Metamorphose in July, 2020. Courtesy of the artist and Gallery 1957
Here's a list of participating galleries to be on the lookout for:
31 PROJECT (Paris, France)
50 Golborne (London, United Kingdom)
Dominique Fiat (Paris, France)
Galerie 127 (Marrakech, Morocco)
Galerie Anne de Villepoix (Paris, France)
Galerie Cécile Fakhoury (Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire/ Dakar, Senegal)
Galerie Eric Dupont (Paris, France)
Galerie Lelong & Co. (Paris, France / New York, USA)
Galerie Nathalie Obadia (Paris, France / Brussels, Belgium)
Galleria Continua (Beijing, China / Havana, Cuba / Les Moulins, France / San Gimignano, Italy / Rome, Italy)
Gallery 1957 (Accra, Ghana / London, United Kingdom)
Loft Art Gallery (Casablanca, Morocco)
Luce Gallery (Turin, Italy)
MAGNIN-A (Paris, France)
Nil Gallery (Paris, France)
POLARTICS (Lagos, Nigeria)
SEPTIEME Gallery (Paris, France)
This is Not a White Cube (Luanda, Angola) THK Gallery (Cape Town, South Africa) Wilde (Geneva, Switzerland)
For more info visit 1-54
Listen to Sibusile Xaba's New Jazz Single 'Umdali'
Sibusile Xaba's single 'Umdali' featuring Naftali and Fakazile Nkosi comes ahead of Brownswood Recording's highly-anticipated contemporary jazz compilation album 'Indaba Is'.


On this solo episode I look at an article that calls into question whether or not Christianity is really shrinking, and ask whether Christianity does more harm than good. After all, it seems Christians are less prone to adultery and more prone to adopt kids in need, whereas Satanists argue for more rights to unfettered abortion. As they used to say on those NFL commercials: you make the call!
I was joined by apologists Eric Hernandez and Josh Sommer to host an intra-Christian debate on Molinism and God's Self-Existence. Molinism, spearheaded perhaps most prominently by Dr. William Lane Craig, argues that God has knowledge of all events by virtue of possessing middle knowledge: what any person would do in any given circumstance. Josh argues that this does damage to a consistent view of the God of the Bible. Thanks to both guests for joining me for a deep debate!
It was my pleasure to welcome Drs. Michael Shermer and Sonny Hernandez to debate a rarely, if ever, asked question: does atheism exist? Yes, we all know many call themselves atheists. But can true atheism exist? That is, can it justify its own foundations? Dr. Shermer is an internationally-recognized atheist, editor of Skeptic magazine, and author of several New York Times bestsellers. Dr. Hernandez is a presuppositional apologist and author of five books. Enjoy the dialogue!
On this solo episode, I look at a handful of episodes before my voice absolutely gives way. What should we take from Pope Francis' Christmas Eve homily regarding Joseph, Mary and modern-day migration? A defense of megachurches (compared to mainline liberal congregations) is offered. And we look back on 2017 predictions by Nostradamus and try to see just how accurate he was. Or was not.


text:
Bradenton Area Convention Center, formerly Manatee Civic Center, is a 4,000-seat multi-purpose arena and convention center in Palmetto, Florida.  It was home to the Florida Stingers of the Continental Basketball Association and Florida Scorpions of the American Professional Football League. It also hosted UWF's first and only live pay-per-view event, Beach Brawl, on June 9, 1991.

References

External links
Venue information

Music venues in Florida
Sports venues in Florida
Convention centers in Florida
Concert halls in Florida
Sports venues in Manatee County, Florida
Tourist attractions in Manatee County, Florida
Basketball venues in Florida
1985 establishments in Florida
Sports venues completed in 1985
Event venues established in 1985
Continental Basketball Association venues

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
ACCEPTED

#### According to
Index Fungorum

#### Published in
Lancet 1(1): 15 (1912)

#### Original name
Endomyces lacticolor Castell.

### Remarks
null


text:
SpaceX launches Starlink satellites from both US coasts
Theresa Cross
File photo of a previous launch with Starlink satellites by a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. Credit: SpaceX
SpaceX flew two missions with Starlink satellites this week — one on each coast of the United States — increasing the size of the company's internet constellation.
The latest launch of 46 Starlink internet satellites took place atop a Falcon 9 rocket at 5:40 p.m. EDT Aug. 12, 2022, from Space Launch Complex 4E at Vandenberg Space Force Base in California. This was following a launch of 52 satellites atop a Falcon 9 at 10:14 p.m. Aug. 9, from Launch Complex 39A at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
The Aug. 12 mission, launching satellites for Starlink Group 3-3 into a polar orbit, utilized Falcon 9 first stage core B1061, which was flying on its 10th mission. It successfully landed on SpaceX's drone ship "Of Course I Still Love You," located downrange in the Pacific Ocean.
The Aug. 9, 2022 Starlink satellite launch in Florida, as seen from north Orlando. Credit: Theresa Cross / Spaceflight Insider
Starlink Group 4-26 as seen before liftoff. The tower building assembled to the right of the rocket is planned to be used for SpaceX's future Starship launch system. Credit: Theresa Cross / Spaceflight Insider
On Aug. 9, the Starlink Group 4-26 mission utilized Falcon 9 first stage core B1073, which made its third flight after a 41-day turnaround.
B1073 successfully landed on drone ship "A Shortfall of Gravitas," staged some 650 kilometers downrange in the Atlantic Ocean.
These missions marked the 35th and 36th launches by SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket in 2022. These were also the 53rd and 54th launches in support of building the company's space-based internet constellation with nearly 2,800 working in orbit following these launches.
Video courtesy of SpaceX
Tagged: Falcon 9 Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A Lead Stories Space Launch Complex 4E SpaceX Starlink Vandenberg Space Force Base
Theresa Cross grew up on the Space Coast. It's only natural that she would develop a passion for anything "Space" and its exploration. During these formative years, she also discovered that she possessed a talent and love for defining the unique quirks and intricacies that exist in mankind, nature, and machines.
Hailing from a family of photographers—including her father and her son, Theresa herself started documenting her world through pictures at a very early age. As an adult, she now exhibits an innate photographic ability to combine what appeals to her heart and her love of technology to deliver a diversified approach to her work and artistic presentations.
Theresa has a background in water chemistry, fluid dynamics, and industrial utility.
Momentus to cut costs as it prepares for next Vigoride mission
Harris says U.S. to update commercial space regulations
Rocket Lab's Electron rocket makes Virginia debut
Book Review: Wild Ride – National Space Society


text:
Coublanc est une commune française située dans le département de la Haute-Marne, en région Grand Est.

Géographie

Petit village au sud de la Haute-Marne, à 30 min de Langres.

Accès

Hydrographie
Le Salon, le ruisseau de la Pissotte, le ruisseau du Rang des Vignes sont les principaux cours d'eau parcourant la commune.

Communes limitrophes

Urbanisme

Typologie
Coublanc est une commune rurale, car elle fait partie des communes peu ou très peu denses, au sens de la grille communale de densité de l'Insee.

Par ailleurs la commune fait partie de l'aire d'attraction de Langres, dont elle est une commune de la couronne. Cette aire, qui regroupe , est catégorisée dans les aires de moins de .

Occupation des sols

L'occupation des sols de la commune, telle qu'elle ressort de la base de données européenne d'occupation biophysique des sols Corine Land Cover (CLC), est marquée par l'importance des forêts et milieux semi-naturels (51,1 % en 2018), une proportion identique à celle de 1990 (51,1 %). La répartition détaillée en 2018 est la suivante :
forêts (51 %), terres arables (38,2 %), prairies (8 %), zones agricoles hétérogènes (1,4 %), zones urbanisées (1,3 %), milieux à végétation arbustive et/ou herbacée (0,1 %).

L'IGN met par ailleurs à disposition un outil en ligne permettant de comparer l'évolution dans le temps de l'occupation des sols de la commune (ou de territoires à des échelles différentes). Plusieurs époques sont accessibles sous forme de cartes ou photos aériennes : la carte de Cassini (), la carte d'état-major (1820-1866) et la période actuelle (1950 à aujourd'hui).

Toponymie
Le nom de Coublanc proviendrait de sa situation hydrographique. La commune de Coublanc, positionnée au confluent du Saulon et de la Resaigne, serait appelée dès son origine « Confluent » (), puis chronologiquement Conflans, Coblantz, Côblas, Coblant puis enfin Coublanc. On retrouve un certain nombre de dérivés de ce nom au cours des siècles et visible sur les pierres tombales à l'intérieur de l'église Saint-Pierre.

Histoire
La commune de Coublanc est bâtie sur une éminence, avec d'un côté des rochers escarpés (la fontaine couverte) et de l'autre la rivière. C'est une position plutôt stratégique.

L'origine exacte de Coublanc est assez floue, mais comme nombre de communes, elle s'est sûrement développée à partir d'un hameau de quelques maisons, de l'époque carolingienne, vers le . Un document authentique nous apprend que le village de Coublanc existait au début du  et qu'il était assez important pour nécessiter l'érection d'une église et assez intéressant pour mériter la création d'un prieuré. L'église dédiée à saint Pierre et saint Paul fût bâtie de 1088 à 1120, et un manuscrit atteste de la fondation du prieuré et de l'église de 1112, sous l'évêque de Langres Joceran de Brancion.

Le premier seigneur de Coublanc, dont il soit fait mention, est Gui ou Wilier (chevalier de la Ferté, devenu moine à Bèze), dans les premières années du . Viennent en suite les frères Girard et Richard de Coublanc, fondateurs de Belmont. En 1269, le seigneur reprend sa terre de l'évêché : c'est sans doute l'origine de la seigneurie ecclésiastique qui devint bientôt dominante. En 1306, Jean de Coublanc rend encore hommage à l'évêque; mais depuis cette époque il n'est plus fait mention de seigneurs de ce nom jusqu'au commencement du . Alors vivait Guillaume, le dernier de la famille à Coublanc.

Peu après 1306, le village appartint aux Sires-d'Anglure-Saladin. Il y a sur l'origine du nom de Saladin une chronique populaire à Langres et dans les environs, qui signifirait qu'un sire d'Anglure, fait prisonnier par les Turcs lors d'une croisade sous Philippe-Auguste, et qui gémissait depuis plusieurs années dans les prisons, obtint du sultan Saladin la permission d'aller, sur sa parole, en France, pour chercher sa rançon et celle de plusieurs chevaliers français. Il part en costume de pèlerin, et, après avoir traversé toute l'Europe en demandant l'aumône pour vivre, arrive enfin, épuisé de fatigue, à la porte de son château de Coublanc. Mais en vain demande-t-il à entrer; les nombreux valets qu'il rencontre, ne le reconnaissant point, le repoussent brutalement et refusent de l'introduire près de la dame du château, en lui disant qu'elle doit se marier le jour même et qu'elle n'a pas le temps de recevoir un pèlerin. Le sire d'Anglure tire alors un anneau de son doigt et demande qu'on le remette à la châtelaine en lui annonçant qu'un pèlerin chargé de lui apporter cet anneau demande à lui parler. Introduit aussitôt auprès de sa femme, il se fait reconnaître d'elle, et, sans lui faire de reproches sur la disposition dans laquelle il la trouve, lui apprend le but de son voyage. Après avoir vendu toutes ses propriétés, sans pouvoir réunir l'argent qu'il a promis, il retourne en Turquie et vient déposer sa fortune aux pieds de Saladin, en lui disant que, puisqu'il n'a pu lui apporter toute la somme fixée pour sa rançon et celle de ses compagnons d'infortune, il lui demande de dé livrer les autres chevaliers français et offre de rester prisonnier. Étonné et touché d'un pareil dévouement, Saladin lui dit qu'il ne veut pas être surpassé en générosité par un chrétien, et qu'il lui accorde la liberté sans rançon ; afin qu'il apprenne qu'il y a sous le turban autant de grandeur et de magnanimité qu'on peut en trouver sous l'armure d'un chevalier. Il lui demande seulement de joindre son nom au sien et de mettre un croissant dans ses armes en souvenir de la grâce qu'il vient de recevoir. Depuis ce temps les sires d'Anglure ont pris le nom de d'Anglure-Saladin ou de Saladin-d'Anglure, et les grelots d'argent semés sur un champ d'or, qui chargeaient leur écusson , furent soutenus par des croissants de gueules. Cette chronique, qui pourrait fournir le sujet d'une intéressante nouvelle, fut, dit-on, racontée à Voltaire lorsqu'il était chez Émilie du Châtelet, au château de Cirey, et lui a inspiré l'une des scènes les plus touchantes de la tragédie de Zaïre.

Coublanc est une place forte dans cette vallée et, à la première alerte donnée du haut de la tour du village, les deux portes d'accès au village étaient fermées et tous les habitants se rendaient à la forteresse, soit par les rues du village, soit par le chemin couvert (un chemin discret et étroit qui relie les maisons les plus fortes du village). Sur ce chemin se trouvaient des maisons fortifiées, avec tourelles et meurtrières, regardant le midi. Puis d'autres maisons étaient établies en "terrasse", c'est-à-dire des maisons très proche d'un vide : ici ces terrasses sont suspendues par des murs de 9 mètres.

Tout le Montsaugeonnais a été dévasté ; mais le village de Coublanc a été des premiers exposé aux ravages des nouveaux barbares tels que les Écorcheurs et les Retondeurs, pendant plusieurs années, de sorte que les pauvres habitants des campagnes furent ruinés. Dans leur découragement, ils abandonnèrent ainsi la culture des terres et provoquèrent la famine, suivie de la peste, laquelle ne cessa qu'en 1439 après trois années de ravages. En 1474, des troupes royales résidant à Langres firent plusieurs excursions dans les environs sous les ordres de George de Craon, gouverneur de Champagne. Tous les villages du secteur furent pillés, brûlés, détruits. En 1477, ce scénario se reproduit à nouveau, avec Claude de Toulongeon et le Sire de Châteauvilain.

Le  à Coublanc fut dans sa première moitié synonyme de paix, de travail et de commerce. Ensuite, en 1569, les reitres pillèrent les environs, et en 1576, le duc Jean Casimir, fils du Comte Palatin, Frédéric III, traversa nos campagnes avec 15 000 reitres calvinistes et 4000 français appartenant à la religion réformée, pillant tout sur leur passage.

1636, l'année la plus désastreuse pour l'histoire coublantoise et les environs. La souffrance durant la guerre de Trente Ans est telle que son souvenir se perpétue jusqu'à nos jours. On parle encore de Matthias Gallas , de Forkatz et d'Isolani. Louis XIII envoya 41 000 hommes de renfort dans nos contrées, divisés en trois corps, dirigés par le duc Saxe-Weimar, le cardinal de Lavalette et le gouverneur de Langres M. de Vaubecourt. Isolani, qui commandait l'avant-garde, et ayant établi ses Croates en cantonnement ; Rantzau, dans une attaque combinée avec Lavalette et Weymar, les surprit et les tailla en pièces. Il resta, dit-on, 2500 hommes sur place, et Weymar poursuivit les fuyards jusqu'aux portes de Champlitte. L'ennemi avait tout abandonné : on s'empara de la vaisselle d'argent d'Isolani, de ses équipages, de sa maîtresse, de son bâton de commandement et d'un collier d'or que Ferdinand II avait donné au général et auquel était attaché le portrait de cet empereur. Mais les Impériaux reprirent bientôt l'avantage et vengèrent cruellement leur première défaite, les campagnes gardent du terrible Galas un souvenir ineffaçable. Coublanc fut en grande partie détruit.

Coublanc était jusqu'au  un marquisat des évêques de Langres ainsi que le siège du décanat de granges dont dépendaient trente-trois paroisses.

Cette synthèse historique est pour l'essentiel issue de l'ouvrage de référence d'Émile Jolibois La Haute-Marne ancienne et moderne paru en 1858 (voir bibliographie) notamment les pages 167 et 168 de l'édition originale en ligne concernant la commune.

Politique et administration

Population et société

Démographie

Évolution démographique

Pyramide des âges

Héraldique
{{Blason-ville-fr
| img1=Blason Coublanc.svg
| l1=120px
| legende1= Armes de Coublanc
| texte= Les armes de Coublanc se blasonnent ainsi :

D'or semé de clochette d'argent soutenue de croissant de gueules.
}}

 Économie

 Lieux et monuments
Il y a deux monuments historiques à Coublanc : l'église Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul inscrite MH (1995) et un édifice portant une croix dite Lanterne des morts, classée MH (1965).

L'église Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul a été construite au . Elle avait une double utilisation : paroissiale et prieurale, car elle dépendait de l'abbaye bénédictine de Bèze, en Bourgogne. Le chœur et la nef sont du , la sacristie du , les décors intérieurs du début du  ; la restauration a commencé au . Les décors intérieurs de l'église sont protégés.

On ne sait rien sur la lanterne des morts sauf qu'elle a été créée en 1537 et qu'elle a été classée monument historique le 23 février 1965. C'est la croix monumentale qui est protégée.

 Personnalités liées à la commune

 Voir aussi
 Bibliographie
 Émile Jolibois, La Haute-Marne ancienne et moderne. Dictionnaire géographique, statistique, historique et biographique de ce département'', Chaumont, 1858. Réédité. Disponible en ligne :La Haute-Marne ancienne et moderne.

Articles connexes
 Liste des communes de la Haute-Marne

Liens externes

 Coublanc sur le site de l'Institut géographique national

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Coublanc


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At CWHBC our Gynecologists provide comprehensive gynecologic services for every stage of a woman's life.
Our OBGYN practice is an intimate and caring environment where you will receive the highest level of care for yourself and your unborn baby, with state-of-the-art facilities and the most up to date prenatal testing.
We provide the most advanced and state-of-the-art laser technology, procedures, and products available. Our team of doctors, nurse practitioners, nurses, and aestheticians, offer a host of laser skin treatments for men and women.