text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Discord
{
    public interface IUserMessage : IMessage
    {
        /// <summary> Modifies this message. </summary>
        Task ModifyAsync(Action<MessageProperties> func, RequestOptions options = null);
        /// <summary> Adds this message to its channel's pinned messages. </summary>
        Task PinAsync(RequestOptions options = null);
        /// <summary> Removes this message from its channel's pinned messages. </summary>
        Task UnpinAsync(RequestOptions options = null);

        /// <summary> Returns all reactions included in this message. </summary>
        IReadOnlyDictionary<IEmote, ReactionMetadata> Reactions { get; }

        /// <summary> Adds a reaction to this message. </summary>
        Task AddReactionAsync(IEmote emote, RequestOptions options = null);
        /// <summary> Removes a reaction from message. </summary>
        Task RemoveReactionAsync(IEmote emote, IUser user, RequestOptions options = null);
        /// <summary> Removes all reactions from this message. </summary>
        Task RemoveAllReactionsAsync(RequestOptions options = null);
        /// <summary>  Gets all users that reacted to a message with a given emote </summary>
        Task<IReadOnlyCollection<IUser>> GetReactionUsersAsync(IEmote emoji, int limit = 100, ulong? afterUserId = null, RequestOptions options = null);

        /// <summary> Transforms this message's text into a human readable form by resolving its tags. </summary>
        string Resolve(
            TagHandling userHandling = TagHandling.Name,
            TagHandling channelHandling = TagHandling.Name,
            TagHandling roleHandling = TagHandling.Name,
            TagHandling everyoneHandling = TagHandling.Ignore,
            TagHandling emojiHandling = TagHandling.Name);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Chrome does not allow me installing my extension I wonder why I cannot drop my extension folder into extensions tab. Developer mode is enabled and I have done it before many times!
Chrome does not allow dropping (it used to open a section to drop it there) :)
Any ideas?
Thanks!

A: I didn't even know it was possible to do it this way. I thought drag&drop was only for CRX installs (that Google tries to ban).
The "usual" way is to enable Developer mode, then click "Load unpacked extension" and select the folder.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text: The new Jungle Book movie is now in cinemas, and once again it features the century-old tale of Mowgli, an orphaned boy raised by the inhabitants of the jungle. Apart from the astoundingly awesome fact that Bill Murray is voicing Baloo, the soft-hearted bear, the movies story will never fail to win viewers over thanks to its fantastical take on a human living among a menagerie of exotic animals in the wild.Although such a complex collection of animals makes for a piece of visually resplendent fiction, you may be wondering if theres any truth behind a boy being raised by wolves. There are various mythological or literary whisperings about babies being reared in this way, including Tarzan looked after by great apes and Romulus and Remus, the supposed founders of Rome, who were also tended to by wolves.So is there any evidence or science at all behind the tales of the so-called feral children, or is it all just the stuff of legends? Lets take a look.Once Upon A Time In Ukrainehttps://youtu.be/exMmdOdjdtcOxana Malayas story. Animal Planet via YouTubeOxana Malaya, as the story goes, was abandoned by her parents in the village of Novaya Blagoveschenka as a 3-year-old child. She was left outside in the cold, so she moved to where there was warmth and food, which in this case was a hovel sheltering dogs eating raw meat. She supposedly joined them and spent five years gradually losing human linguistic and behavioral traits and adopting far more canine ones.When she was found in 1991, the eight-year-old Oxana was more dog than human, and nowadays she is assigned to a foster home for the mentally-disabled, where she helps out on the farm. Multiple documentaries have been made about her, and although she used to frequently bark, ran around on all fours, slept on the floor, and ate like a dog, she is now able to suppress such behaviors.The problem is that theres no documented proof of any kind that she lived with dogs in this way. Although her behaviors seem real, this could all be the result of her being mentally impaired, and there would be no way to tell the difference.Raised By Wolves A captive Indian wolf (Canis lupus pallipes). Pavan Kunder/Wikimedia Commons; CC BY 2.0Of the other feral children stories drifting around, one of the most intriguing is that of a boy named Ramuwho, just like Mowgli, was raised by Indian wolves or so it seems.In 1976, he was said to have been found by wolf cubs, behaving as they did; he even had claw-like nails. The missionaries that adopted him noted that he learned how to bathe and dress, but never to speak. At night, hed raid the nearby chicken coops. He died in 1985, and his obituary made the front page of the Times of India.An investigation by the Los Angeles Times found that the story began to unravel with weird parallels to the Rudyard Kipling collection of stories the Jungle Book first written in 1894. People at the missionarys retreat, including an elderly lawyer, spoke about another wolf boy called Bhaloo who was found running alongside aggressive wolf cubs, who was adopted by another person in a nearby village.Ultimately, the tales of Bhaloo and Ramu could not be confirmed. It seems that there are plenty of legends of feral children out there for anyone to peruse, but few of them have documented evidence of their occurrence.Adoption In The Wild Chimpanzees are like us in many ways so would they adopt a baby that isnt theirs? Gudkov Andrey/ShutterstockIn any case, the crux of the matter here is not that children can be abandoned and survive in the wild because this does happen but whether animals of completely different species would want to share their resources and even protect someone who isnt one of their own in any way.Chimpanzees, with their remarkable genetic, social, intellectual and behavioral traits, are seen as the closest living evolutionary cousins to humans, but this doesnt mean theyd adopt a human child. They certainly show empathy and kindness, but theyre also documented as engaging in both murder and warfare, either to displace another male rising up the social hierarchy or to defend their territory, respectively.Theyre also known to engage in infanticide, as are types of monkeys, bears, penguins, and a whole host of animals. Nevertheless, chimpanzees have been known to adopt other orphaned chimps, both in captivity and in the wild.Speaking less horrifically, even though they may not kill you, if you dont serve a use to some animals like cats, who see humans as inessential landlords they may simply discard you entirely, leaving you to fend for yourself. These things considered, it seems pretty unlikely that animals would be willing to adopt an alien-looking, resource-swilling human child.However, there are plenty of cases of animals actually adopting or at least befriending members of other species. Captive dogs have nursed baby squirrels and owls, and one particular captive gorilla has a penchant for adopting kittens, for example. Even the wild has its share of adoptions, including a pod of sperm whales that took care of a deformed bottlenose dolphin.Researchers have noted that one of the main forms of animal adoption is when a creature adopts a member of its own species, something known as instinctive adoption. Looking after your own is a way to ensure DNA that is at least somewhat similar to yours is passed on to the next generation.Mutual benefit also helps; in the case of the deformed bottlenose dolphin, it was likely adopted because it made the group stronger overall. As long as you arent taking up too many resources, youd likely be fine, it seems. In many cases, adoption of an individual occurs when a new mother takes on a young orphan, perhaps due to their temporarily higher levels of oxytocin, a hormone known to promote social bonding.Youre Either With Us Or Against Us In the wild, mutual benefit may be the answer to this tantalizing question. Peter Batarseh/ShutterstockWith respect to mutual benefit, one tale of feral children stands out: Between the ages of 4 and 6, Ivan Mishukov befriended some wild dogs on the streets of Moscow. He eventually gained their trust completely and became their pack leader; they protected him like he was one of their own, and they all shared food together.Although its still difficult to verify the truth of this story, theres less skepticism floating around the Internet than usual when it comes to tales like these. So perhaps a young human could be adopted by a wild animal, as long as they pulled their weight in their new society we just havent seen verifiable, convincing, documented evidence of it just yet.In Mowglis case, it could just possibly be true: wolves have been observed adopting other pups. Tiny humans, though, may be seen as little more than a tasty amuse-bouche.Main image: The Jungle Book, Disney via YouTube

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Ishant Sharma ruled out of Australia tour, Rohit Sharma still in contention
1mESPNcricinfo staff
According to a BCCI media release, Rohit's "next assessment" will be conducted on December 11
ESPNcricinfo staff26-Nov-2020
No idea why Rohit wasn't on the flight to Australia - Kohli (2:15)
Hours after India captain Virat Kohli revealed that the team management was confounded by the absence of both Rohit Sharma and Ishant Sharma in Australia, the BCCI sent a media release on Thursday midnight, stating that the batsman still remains in contention, but seamer has been ruled out of the four-match Test series starting in December.
Kohli had said he was unaware why both players were not in Australia where they could have continued their rehab and put themselves in a position to be available for the Test series, which is scheduled to start in Adelaide from December 17. Both Rohit and Ishant, who are currently undergoing rehabilitation at the National Cricket Academy in Bengaluru, had recently been ruled out of the first two Tests in Australia.
Ishant Sharma injury timeline ESPNcricinfo
In the media release issued on Thursday, the BCCI said Rohit had to return to Mumbai after the IPL to attend to his "ailing" father. "He [Rohit] is presently undergoing rehabilitation at the NCA," the release said. "Mr Rohit Sharma's next assessment will be conducted on December 11th following which the BCCI will have clarity on his participation in the upcoming Border-Gavaskar Trophy in Australia.
"Mr Rohit Sharma had to come back to Mumbai after the IPL to attend to his ailing father. His father is now recuperating well and that has allowed him to travel to the NCA and start his rehabilitation."
The release, which was signed by BCCI secretary Jay Shah, also said although Ishant had regained fitness, he still had to build up workload and hence was ruled out. "Ishant has recovered completely from his side strain injury sustained during IPL 2020 in the U.A.E. While he's building up his workload in order to achieve Test match fitness, Mr Ishant Sharma has been ruled out of the Border-Gavaskar Trophy."
Having omitted both Rohit and Ishant from the original squads announced on October 26, the BCCI has now included Rohit in the Test squad. But, in a media release on November 9, the board said that he was being rested from the limited-overs leg to help him "regain" full fitness from the hamstring injury he sustained during the league phase of the IPL.


Omen Def with Radian tweeter. They work well when paired with the right gear.
Stormy Thursday afternoon.. the room heaters were working well..
Nope, we are - though I have 60kW of solar at our business and I schedule my charging for when it's producing well. Even on cloudy days there are enough panels to charge the car. I do find it confusing though the approach of people saying that an electric car is pointless as most power is provided by coal... surely it's better to have a positive approach to things?
Love it.. enough to get my vote.. 😂 and yea - obviously 1st April.. never would Australia accept a vehicle doing that speed, let alone getting off speeding fines!
The govt has done some work - https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Electric_Vehicles/ElectricVehicles/~/media/Committees/electricvehicles_ctte/report.pdf Just looks like not much has been done to either understand it or take it on board..
@Marc I understand where you're coming from. After crashing 18 months ago at 80km/h (luckily onto a road so no sudden stop) and cracking my sternum, it took me many months to get back on the bike. My collar bone is still out and always will be which causes a little bit of pain every now and then, but with the knowledge that I'm lucky to be here, getting back on the bike was the most rewarding thing. From reading your thread, it seems like a long road back for you right now with a lot of unknowns but I'm sure you'll find a way to work through it. One thing I can highly recommend when you're able/ready is a Kickr trainer and Zwift. It kept me going for about 6 months before I ventured back out on the road. Photo of my last scan of my sternum for sh*ts and giggles below. Top right is my collar bone - riding high..
Count me in as part of the club unfortunately. Too much loud music at gigs, enormous car stereos and a bit of workshop noise in my late teens/early 20's seem to have caused it. Now in my early 40s it's a constant companion. I find that too much alcohol usually makes it worse, however like @Fubar990 if I listen to music or concentrate elsewhere it reduces in level. I can still tell the difference (to me) between components, recording and systems. But I am quite concerned on how it's going to be for me in 20 years time..
Are you interested in posting? If so, I'll take Interpol and Keane.
Can I get Bloc Party - A Weekend In The City - $100 - posted to 6090 please?


text:
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Anne Hathaway (left) and Rebel Wilson team up for "The Hustle."
Editor's note: This schedule is good beginning May 10.
A star ( ) indicates a film that is new to the area.
"A DOG'S JOURNEY," R
A dog finds the meaning of his own existence through the lives of the humans he meets. Dennis Quaid. 109 minutes.
In Grants Pass: SouthGate Cinema, 1625 S.W. Ringuette St.: advance showing at 6 p.m. Thursday, May 16.
In Medford: Tinseltown USA, Medford Center: advance showings at 4, 6, 6:40, 8:40 p.m Thursday, May 16.
"AMAZING GRACE," G
Sydney Pollack's behind-the-scenes documentary about the recording of Aretha Franklin's album "Amazing Grace." 89 minutes.
At: Varsity Theatre. Call or go online for times.
"AS YOU LIKE IT," Not rated
Royal Shakespeare Company production. 176 minutes.
"AVENGERS: ENDGAME," PG-13
With the universe in ruins, the Avengers assemble to undo Thanos' actions and restore order. Chris Evans, Chris Hemsworth, Robert Downey Jr., Brie Larson. 182 minutes.
In Grants Pass: SouthGate Cinema, 1625 S.W. Ringuette St.: in 2-D at 11:30 a.m., 12:25, 1:15, 2:20, 4:15, 5:05, 6:15, 8, 8:50 p.m. daily (no 12:25 or 5:05 p.m. shows Sunday or Wednesday.); ; in 3-D at 3:20, 7:10 p.m. daily.
In Medford: Tinseltown USA, Medford Center: in 2-D at 10, 10:40, 11:10, 11:50 a.m., 12:30, 1:50, 2:30, 3, 3:40, 4:20, 5:40, 6:20, 6:50, 7:30, 8:10, 9:30, 10:10, 10:40 p.m. Friday, Saturday, Sunday, Tuesday and Wednesday, with a 9:30 a.m. matinee Saturday, 10, 10:40, 11:10, 11:50 a.m., 12:30, 1:50, 2:30, 3, 3:40, 4:20, 5:40, 6:20, 7:30, 8:10, 9:30, 9:50, 10:10 p.m. Monday; in 3-D at 1:10, 5, 8:50 p.m. daily, through Wednesday.
Also at: White City, Ashland Street Cinemas. Call or go online for times.
"BATMAN FOREVER (1995)," PG-13
Batman (Val Kilmer) and Robin (Chris O'Donnell) take on The Riddler (Jim Carrey) and Two-Face (Tommy Lee Jones). 130 minutes.
In Medford: Tinseltown USA, Medford Center: 4 p.m Sunday.
"CAPTAIN MARVEL," PG-13
Carol Danvers (Brie Larson) becomes one of the universe's most powerful heroes when Earth is caught in the middle of a galactic war between two alien races. With Gemma Chan, Ben Mendelsohn. 124 minutes.
In Grants Pass: SouthGate Cinema, 1625 S.W. Ringuette St.: in 2-D at 5:30, 8:30 p.m. daily.
In Medford: Tinseltown USA, Medford Center: in 2-D at 10:50 a.m., 1:45, 4:40 p.m Friday; 1:30, 4:30, 10:15 p.m Saturday; 10 a.m, 6:50, 9:45 p.m. Sunday; 12:40, 3:35, 9:40 p.m. Monday; 10:55 a.m., 1:50, 4:45, 10:15 p.m. Tuesday; 9:50 a.m., 10:30 p.m. Wednesday.
"DIALOGUES DES CARMELITES," Not rated
A New York Metropolitan Opera production. 210 minutes.
In Medford: Tinseltown USA, Medford Center: 9 a.m. Saturday, 1 and 6:30 p.m. Wednesday.
"DUMBO," PG
A young elephant, whose oversized ears enable him to fly, helps save a struggling circus, but when the circus plans a new venture, Dumbo and his friends discover dark secrets beneath its shiny veneer. Eva Green, Colin Farrel, Danny DeVito. 130 minutes.
In Grants Pass: SouthGate Cinema, 1625 S.W. Ringuette St.: in 2-D at noon, 2:45 p.m. daily.
"HER SMELL," R
A self-destructive punk rocker struggles with sobriety while trying to recapture the creative inspiration that led her band to success. Agyness Deyn, Cara Delevingne. 134 minutes.
"THE HUSTLE," PG-13
Female scam artists, one low rent and the other high class, team up to take down the dirty rotten men who have wronged them. Anne Hathaway, Rebel Wilson. 97 minutes.
In Grants Pass: SouthGate Cinema, 1625 S.W. Ringuette St.: 12:15, 2:35, 4:55, 7:15, 9:35 p.m. daily.
In Medford: Tinseltown USA, Medford Center: 12:15, 2:40, 5:05, 7:30, 9:55 p.m. daily, through Wednesday.
"THE INTRUDER," PG-13
A young married couple buy a beautiful house on several acres of land only to find out that the man they bought it from refuses to let go of the property. Dennis Quaid, Meagan Good, Michael Ealy. 102 minutes.
In Medford: Tinseltown USA, Medford Center: 11:35 a.m., 2:10, 4:45, 7:20, 9:55 p.m. daily, through Wednesday.
Also at: White City. Call or go online for times.
"JOHN WICK: CHAPTER 3 — PARABELLUM," R
Super-assassin John Wick is on the run after killing a member of the international assassin's guild, and with a $14 million price tag on his head. Keanu Reeves. 130 minutes.
In Grants Pass: SouthGate Cinema, 1625 S.W. Ringuette St.: advance showings at 7 and 8:40 p.m. Thursday, May 16.
In Medford: Tinseltown USA, Medford Center: advance showings at 7 and 10 p.m Thursday, May 16.
"LONG SHOT," R
A woman running for President hires an old crush as her speech writer. Charlize Theron, Seth Rogan. 125 minutes.
In Grants Pass: SouthGate Cinema, 1625 S.W. Ringuette St.: 12:40, 3:35, 6:30, 9:25 p.m. daily.
In Medford: Tinseltown USA, Medford Center: 11:05 a.m., 2, 4:55, 7:50, 10:45 p.m. daily, through Wednesday.
Also at: Ashland Street Cinemas. Call or go online for times.
"THE MUSTANG," R
A violent convict is given the chance to participate in a rehabilitation therapy program involving the training of wild mustangs. Matthias Schoenaerts, Connie Britton. 96 minutes.
"POKEMON DETECTIVE PIKACHU," PG
In a world where people collect Pokémon to do battle, a boy comes across an intelligent talking Pikachu who seeks to be a detective. Ryan Reynolds, Justice Smith, Kathryn Newton. 104 minutes.
In Grants Pass: SouthGate Cinema, 1625 S.W. Ringuette St.: in 2-D at 11:50 a.m., 1:05, 2:30, 5:10, 6:25, 7:45, 9 p.m. daily. (No 6:25 p.m. show Thursday, May 16.); in 3-D at 3:45 p.m. daily.
In Medford: Tinseltown USA, Medford Center: in 2-D at 11:15 a.m., 12:30, 1:50, 4:25, 5:40, 7, 7:40, 8:15, 9:35, 10, 10:15 p.m. Friday, Saturday, Monday, Tuesday (no 10:15 p.m. shows Saturday or Tuesday); 11:15 a.m., 12:30, 1, 1:50, 4:25, 5:40, 7, 8:15, 9:35, 10 p.m. Sunday; 11:15 a.m., 12:30, 1:50, 4:25, 5:40, 7, 8;15, 9:35 p.m. Monday and Wednesday; in 3-D at 3:05, 10:50 p.m. daily, through Wednesday.
"POMS," PG-13
A group of women form a cheer leading squad at their retirement community. Diane Keaton, Pam Grier. 91 minutes.
In Grants Pass: SouthGate Cinema, 1625 S.W. Ringuette St.: 11:55 a.m., 2:15, 4:35, 6:55, 9:10 p.m. daily.
In Medford: Tinseltown USA, Medford Center: 11:55 a.m, 2:20, 4:45, 7:10, 9:35 p.m. daily, through Wednesday.
"RED JOAN," R
The story of Joan Stanley, who was exposed as the KGB's longest-serving British spy. Judi Dench. 101 minutes.
"THE SOUND OF MUSIC (1965)," PG
A woman leaves an Austrian convent to become a governess to the children of a Naval officer widower. Julie Andrews, Christopher Plummer. 180 minutes.
In Grants Pass: SouthGate Cinema, 1625 S.W. Ringuette St.: shows at 12:30 and 5:10 p.m. Sunday and Wednesday.
"SUNSET," R
A girl grows up to be a strong, fearless woman in Budapest before World War I. In Hungarian and German with English subtitles. 144 minutes.
"TOLKIEN," PG-13
Biography follows the formative years of the orphaned author as he finds friendship, love and artistic inspiration among a group of fellow outcasts at school. Nicholas Hoult, Lily Collins, 112 minutes.
In Grants Pass: SouthGate Cinema, 1625 S.W. Ringuette St.: 1:20, 4, 6:40, 9:15 p.m. daily.
Also at: Varsity Theatre. Call or go online for times.
"UGLYDOLLS," PG
Free-spirited dolls confront what it means to be different, struggle to be loved, and discover who you truly are is what matters most. Animated, with voices by Kelly Clarkson, Nick Jones. 87 minutes.
In Grants Pass: SouthGate Cinema, 1625 S.W. Ringuette St.: 11:45 a.m., 2:05, 4:20, 6:35, 8:40 p.m. daily. (No 8:40 p.m. show Thursday, May 16.)
In Medford: Tinseltown USA, Medford Center: 10:20 a.m., 12:40, 3, 5:20, 7:40 p.m. daily, through Wednesday, with 10 p.m. late shows Monday and Wednesday.
"WHAT WE LEFT BEHIND: STAR TREK DS9," PG
An in-depth look at the television series "Star Trek: Deep Space Nine," with cast, creators, fans. 130 minutes.
In Medford: Tinseltown USA, Medford Center: 7 p.m. Monday.
• SOUTHGATE CINEMA: 541-476-1112, www.catheatres.com
• TINSELTOWN USA: 541-770-2508, www.cinemark.com
• MOVIES 6 (WHITE CITY): 541-826-7308, www.cinemark.com
• ASHLAND STREET CINEMA: 541-488-4040, www.catheatres.com
• VARSITY: 541-482-3321, www.catheatres.com
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text:
Sherman Oaks' priciest listing is this…
Sherman Oaks' priciest listing is this $8.5 million 'zen retreat'
This 5,649-square-foot "zen retreat" is Sherman Oaks' most expensive listing. (Photo by James Moss)
By Sandra Barrera | sbarrera@scng.com | Daily News
PUBLISHED: December 9, 2021 at 1:08 p.m. | UPDATED: December 16, 2021 at 11:22 a.m.
Wood surfaces grace the home's open-plan living space. (Photo by James Moss)
The kitchen opens to the breakfast nook. (Photo by James Moss)
Custom fencing. (Photo by James Moss)
The creekside pergola. (Photo by James Moss)
The property makes the most of its natural surroundings. (Photo by James Moss)
The waterfall. (Photo by James Moss)
The pool. (Photo by James Moss)
If the koi pond running underneath this Sherman Oaks house doesn't convey tranquility, maybe the running stream and waterfalls will.
This gated 5,649-square-foot residence marketed in the Multiple Listing Service as a zen retreat has come on the market for $8.495 million, currently making it the city's most expensive home for sale on the Multiple Listing Service.
It's also available for lease at $30,000 a month.
Sited on a more than three-quarter-acre cul-de-sac lot to make the most of its natural surroundings, it has five bedrooms, seven bathrooms and a yoga studio that can double as a gym.
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An eat-in kitchen opens to a breakfast nook.
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Completed in 2014, the home belongs to Thom Beers, a Discovery Channel producer known for "Monster Garage" that starred West Coast Choppers founder Jesse James and other docuseries.
Craig Knizek of The Agency holds the listing.
Man fatally stabbed in Sun Valley
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Sandra Barrera | Reporter
Sandra Barrera was born and raised in the San Gabriel Valley to immigrant parents and has covered topics that range in interest to all demographics, from the Latin hip-hop movement and Argentine tango meetups to Quinceañeras. Her stories have also highlighted stories of local Black artists, Native American theater, faith-based fitness, nutrition and wellness programs, gay marriage, and Jewish life in Southern California, from kosher restaurants to an exhibit on home movies. She is a real estate reporter for the Southern California News Group. From celebrity-owned homes to architectural jaw-droppers, she specializes in big-ticket residential properties that are the stuff of dreams and lottery fantasies.
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APEX COURT ON WHETHER INSURER IS A CONSUMER WITHIN PURVIEW OF CP ACT - RECOVERY, SUBROGATION AND CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT
Justice in India should be simple, speedy and cheap," the first PM J Nehru was quoted as saying in 1995. Decades later that largely remains a pipe dream.
Cases continue to pile up in various Courts and it was reported quoting Judiciary that even where lower trial courts disposed off nearly 20 M cases last yar, 18 million fresh cases were filed. Apart from trial courts, there are many at High Courts and many pending before the Supreme Court. Civil matters takes ages and by the time judgment is pronounced, there may not be a winner.
Here is a case which is of significance to Insurer but coming as it did years after an important amendment in the statue could prove not to be of much practical use.
The year 1986 saw enactment of a social welfare legislation - Consumer Protection Act aimed at providing better protection of the interests of consumers and paved way for establishment of consumer councils and quasi judicial authorities for settlement of disputes of consumers. Who is entitled to benefit under the statute has been the subject matter of dispute in various forums and before the Apex Court also. There was an all important amendment in Sec 2(d) of the Act in 2002 by addition of words 'but does not include a person who avails of such services from any commercial purpose' in the definition of consumer which excluded such persons from the purview and complaints made by such persons became not maintainable. Commercial purpose would not include use by a person of goods bought and used by him and services availed by him exclusively for the purposes of earning his livelihood by means of self-employment.
One of the founding principles of Insurance is that of 'Subrogation'. It is the principle under which an insurer having paid a loss under a Policy becomes entitled to all the rights and remedies belonging to the insured against a third party with respect to any loss covered by the policy. This is based on two sound principles of equity :
(a) No tort-feasor should escape liability for his wrong; (b) No unjust enrichment for the injured, by recovery of compensation for the same loss, from more than one source. The doctrine of subrogation will thus enable the insurer, to step into the shoes of the assured, and enforce the rights and remedies available to the assured.
`Right of Subrogation' is statutorily recognized and described in section 79 of the Marine Insurance Act, 1963. The Act specifies that when Insurer pays a partial loss, he acquires no title to the subject matter insured, but he is thereupon subrogated to all rights and remedies of the assured. Section 140 of Contract Act, 1872, deals with the principle of subrogation with reference to rights of a Surety/Guarantor. Subrogation, as an equitable assignment, is inherent, incidental and collateral to a contract of indemnity, which
occurs automatically, when the insurer settles the claim under the policy, by reimbursing the entire loss suffered by the assured.
In practice, to avoid any dispute with the assured as to the right of subrogation and extent of its rights, the insurers usually reduce the terms of subrogation into writing in the form of a Letter of Subrogation which enables and authorizes the insurer to recover the amount settled and paid by the insurer, from the third party wrong-doer as a Subrogee-cum- Attorney. When the insurer obtains an instrument from the assured on settlement of the claim, whether it will be a
deed of subrogation, or subrogation-cum-assignment, would depend upon the intention of parties as evidenced by the wording of the document. The title or caption of the document, by itself, may not be conclusive. It is possible that the document may be styled as `subrogation' but may contain in addition an assignment in regard to the balance of the claim, in which event it will be a deed of subrogation-cum-assignment. It may be a pure and simple subrogation but may inadvertently or by way of excessive caution use words more appropriate to an assignment. If the terms clearly show that the intention was to have only a subrogation, use of the words "assign, transfer and abandon in favour of" would in the context be construed as referring to subrogation and nothing more.
With this lengthy background here is the recent judgment of Apex Court in Civil Appeal No. 5611 of 1999.
The cause of action arose due to a road accident involving goods of Cheran Spinning Mills, a manufacturer of cotton yarn. They availed a policy of insurance from National Insurance covering transit risks between the period 11.5.1995 and 10.5.1996 in respect of cotton yarn sent by them. They consigned hosiery cotton yarn of the value of Rs.7,70,948/- through the carrier "ETO" on 6.10.1995 for transportation and delivery to a consignee at Calcutta. The goods vehicle carrying the said consignment met with an accident and the consignment was completely damaged.
After conduct of survey, the Insurer settled the claim of Charan for Rs.447436/- in Feb 96. Upon receipt of payment, Charan executed Letter of Subrogation-cum-Special Power of Attorney in favour of the Insurer and they jointly filed a complaint under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 against the Carrier before the District Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission, Dindigul, claiming compensation of Rs.447,436/- with interest at 12% per annum, for deficiency in service, as the damage to the consignment was due to the negligence on the part of carrier and its servants.
It was averrred that the insurer as subrogee was the co-complainant in view of the statutory subrogation in its favour. The District Forum by its order dated 8.11.1996 allowed the complaint and directed the appellant to pay Rs.447,436/- with interest at the rate of 12% per annum from the date of accident (8.10.1995) till date of payment to the Insurer, on the basis of the subrogation. The District Forum held that the failure to deliver the consignment in sound condition was a deficiency in service, in view of the unrebutted presumption of negligence arising under sections 8 and 9 of the Carriers Act, 1865.
ETO appealed before the State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission, Madras, challenging the said order but the same was dismissed on 2.4.1998. ETO filed a revision before the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission which dismissed the revision petition by a short non-speaking order dated 19.7.1999 stating that they do not find any illegality or jurisdictional error in the order passed by the State commission, which was again challenged before the Apex Court.
In the Supreme Court, ETO resisted the complaint on the grounds:
(i) The Assured (consignor) had insured the goods against transit risk with the Insurer. Having received the claim proceeds, the consignor had no surviving claim that could be enforced against the carrier. At all events, as the Assured had transferred all its interest in the claim to the Insurer, it had no subsisting interest or enforceable right.
(ii) The Insurer did not entrust the consignment to the carrier for transportation. The appellant did not agree to provide any service to the Insurer. There was no privity of contract between the Insurer and ETO. As a result, the Insurer was not a `consumer' as defined in the Act and a complaint under the Act was not maintainable.
(iii) The letter of subrogation was executed by Charan Spinning (consignor), after the goods were damaged. This amounted to a transfer of a mere right to sue by the Assured in favour of the Insurer, which was invalid and enforceable.
(iv) There was no negligence on the part of its driver and the accident occurred due to circumstances beyond his control. The respondents did not place any evidence to prove any negligence, in spite of appellant's denial of negligence.
Leave was granted in this case on 27.9.1999 - meantime a three-Judge Bench of this Court rendered its decision in Oberai Forwarding Agency on 1.2.2000, making a distinction between `assignment' and `subrogation'. The Court held that where there is a subrogation simpliciter in favour of the insurer on account of payment of the loss and settlement of the claim of the assured, the insurer could maintain an action in the Consumer Forum in the name of the assured, who as consignor was a consumer. Court hadfurther held that when there is an assignment of the rights of the assured in favour of the insurer, the insurer as assignee cannot file a complaint under the Act, as it was not a `consumer' under the Act. This Court held that even if the assured was a co-complainant, it would not enable the insurer to maintain a complaint under the Act, if it was an assignee of the claim.
In the present case, ETO contended that Oberai laid down the law correctly. It was submitted that what is executed in favour of the Insurer, though termed a `subrogation' is an assignment, and therefore, the Insurer was not entitled to maintain any complaint before the Consumer forum. It was contended that once the goods entrusted to the appellant for transportation were lost/damaged, no `service' remained to be rendered or performed by the appellant as carrier; that what was assigned and transferred by the Assured to the Insurer was only the right to recover compensation for the loss and there was no question of Insurer being the beneficiary of any service, for which Charan Spinning had hired ETO and therefore such post-loss assignment of the right to recover compensation, did not result in the Insurer becoming a `consumer' under the Act.
The counsel for Charan Spinning and Insurers contended that the decision in Oberai required reconsideration on several grounds, set out in the reference order. The Court in the instant case looked at the following questions for consideration :
(a) Where the letter of subrogation executed by an assured in favour of the insurer contains, in addition to words referring to subrogation, terms which may amount to an assignment, whether the document ceases to be a subrogation and becomes an assignment?
(b) Where the insurer pays the amount of loss to the assured, whether the insurer as subrogee, can lodge a complaint under the Act, either in the name of the assured, or in the joint names of the insurer and assured as co-complainants?
(c) Where the rights of the assured in regard to the claim against the carrier/service provider are assigned in favour of the insurer under a letter of subrogation-cum- assignment, whether the insurer as the assignee can file a complaint either in its own name, or in the name of the assured, or by joining the assured as a co-complainant.
(d) Whether relief could be granted in a complaint against the carrier/service provider, in the absence of any proof of negligence?
It was held by the Court that the consignor could certainly maintain a complaint under the Act, seeking compensation for the loss, alleging negligence and deficiency in service. The fact that in pursuance of a contract of insurance, the assured had received from the insurer, the value of the goods lost, either fully or in part does not erase or reduce the liability of the wrongdoer responsible for the loss. Therefore, the assured as a consumer, could file a complaint under the Act, even after the insurer had settled its claim in regard to the loss. In the course subrogation could be classified in to 3 broad categories : (i) subrogation by equitable assignment; (ii) subrogation by contract; & (iii) subrogation-cum- assignment.
In the first category, the subrogation is not evidenced by any document, but is based on the insurance policy and the receipt issued by the assured acknowledging the full settlement of the claim relating to the loss. In the second category, the subrogation is evidenced by an instrument. The letter of subrogation is a contractual arrangement which crystallizes the rights of the insurer vis-`-vis the assignee. On execution of a letter of subrogation, the insurer becomes entitled to recover in terms of it, a sum not exceeding what was paid by it under the contract of insurance by suing in the name of the assured. The third category is where the assured executes a letter of subrogation-cum-assignment enabling the insurer retain the entire amount recovered (even if it is more what was paid to the assured) and giving an option to sue in the name of the assured or to sue in its own name.
In all three types of subrogation, the insurer can sue the wrongdoer in the name of the assured. This means that the insurer requests the assured to file the suit/complaint and has the option of joining as co-plaintiff. Alternatively the insurer can obtain a special power of Attorney from the assured and then to sue the wrongdoer in the name of the assured as his attorney.
If a letter of subrogation containing terms of assignment is to be treated only as an assignment by ignoring the subrogation, there may be the danger of document itself becoming invalid and unenforceable, having regard to the bar contained in section 6 of the Transfer of Property Act.
The Court also went on record that Insurance companies, statutory corporations and banks use standardized forms to cover all types of situations and circumstances and several of the clauses in such forms may be wholly inapplicable to the transaction intended to be covered by the document. Necessarily such redundant or inapplicable clauses should be ignored while trying examining the document and make sense out of it.
The Court pointed out that the use of the words "we hereby assign, transfer and abandon to you all our actionable rights, title andinterest" in the document, is in regard to rights and remedies against (1) railway administration (2) sea carriers (3) agents of sea carriers (4) port authorities (5) customs authorities and (6) persons whomsoever is liable in respect thereof. Even though, the matter relates to carriage of goods by road, the claims or remedies against a road carrier were not even mentioned. Excluding the irrelevant clauses, the document continues to be a letter of subrogation.
As rightly pointed out by the court a document should be transaction-specific. Or at least an effort should be made to delete or exclude inapplicable or irrelevant clauses. The Court opined that Computerisation and large legal departments should have enabled insurance companies, banks and financial institutions to (i) improve their documentation processes and omit unnecessary and repetitive clauses; (ii) avoid incorporation of other documents by vague references; and (iii) discontinue pasting or annexing of slips. But that is seldom done. If documents are clear,specific and self-contained, disputes and litigations will be considerably reduced.
Court also referred to the frequent misconstruction of para 23 of the decision in Oberai by some carriers. The said para does not mean that when the consignment is received by the carrier from the consignor and put it in the course of transportation, the carrier has provided the service and thereafter either ceases to be a service provider or ceases to be responsible for delivery of the goods, and that consequently, the consignor ceases to be a `consumer'. All that para 23 of Oberai meant was that in a contract for carriage of goods between the consignor (assured) and the carrier, if the consignor assigns the right to claim damages to an assignee, after the goods are lost or damaged, the assignee cannot claim to be a "consumer" under the Act. It impliedly meant that if the assignment had been done before the loss or damage to the goods, then the assignment would have been in regard to `property' and not a mere right to sue, and the assignee as consignee would be entitled to sue the carrier.
The Court held in this case that :
(a) The insurer, as subrogee, can file a complaint under the Act either in the name of the assured (as his attorney holder) or in the joint names of the assured and the insurer for recovery of the amount due from the service provider. The insurer may also request the assured to sue the wrong doer (service provider).
(b) Even if the letter of subrogation executed by the assured in favour of the insurer contains in addition to the words of subrogation, any words of assignment, the complaint would be maintainable so long as the complaint is in the name of the assured and insurer figures in the complaint only as an attorney holder or subrogee of the assured.
(c) The insurer cannot in its own name maintain a complaint before a consumer forum under the Act, even if ts right is traced to the terms of a Letter of subrogation-cum-assignment executed by the assured.
(d) Oberai is not good law insofar as it construes a Letter of subrogation-cum-assignment, as a pure and simple assignment. But to the extent it holds that an insurer lone cannot file a complaint under the Act, the decision is correct.
The punchline was that going by the amendment Act 62/2002 of the Act effective 15/3/2003 by addition of words "but does not include a person who avails of such services for any commercial purpose" in the definition of `consumer'. After the said amendment, if the service of the carrier had been availed for any commercial purpose, then the person availing the service will not be a `consumer' and consequently, complaints will not be maintainable in such cases. But the said amendment will not apply to complaints filed before the amendment.
The Court added that though Section 14(1)(d) of the CP Act contemplated award of compensation to the consumer for any loss suffered by consumer due to the negligence of the opposite party (Carrier). Section 9 of Carriers Act does not lay down a preposition that a carrier will be liable even if there was no negligence on its part. On the other hand, it merely raises a presumption that when there is loss or damage or non-delivery of goods entrusted to a carrier, such loss, damage or non-delivery was due to the negligence of the carrier, its servant and agents. Thus where the consignor establishes loss or damage or non-delivery of goods, it is deemed that negligence on the part of the carrier is established. The carrier may avoid liability if it establishes that the loss, damage or non- delivery was due to an act of God or circumstances beyond its control. Section 14(1)(d) of the Act does not operate to relieve the carrier against the presumption of negligence created under Section 9 of the Carriers Act.
The Court concluded that the loss of consignment by the assured and settlement of claim by the insurer by paying Rs.4,47,436/- is established by evidence. Having regard to the presumption regarding negligence under section 9 of Carriers Act, it was not necessary for the complainants to prove further that the loss/damage was due to the negligence of the appellant or its driver. The presumption regarding negligence was not rebutted. Therefore, the District Forum was justified in allowing the complaint brought by Charan Spinning represented by the Insurer for recovery of Rs.447436/- The said order was affirmed by the State Forum and the National Forum.
The Bench stated that they found no reason to interfere with the same. The appeal was,therefore, dismissed.
THERE ARE LESSONS TO BE LEARNT FOR ALL CONCERNED.
Posted by Srinivasan Sampathkumar at Thursday, February 18, 2010
Labels: Insurance
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Quadratic Sequence has been added to our Free Interactive Learning Resources. Just another way Juvang eLesson supports your learning and helps you prepare for the GCSE exams.
Our free resources include examples so that you can have some help along the way!


Courtney Lair, a third-generation K-State graduate, earned her bachelor's degree in apparel marketing and minor in business administration in 2006. While at K-State, Lair started a fashion column for the Kansas State Collegian and studied abroad in London, where she also interned at a fashion showroom. Following graduation, she moved to New York City to pursue a career in the fashion industry.
She was hired as an assistant merchandise manager for Saks Fifth Avenue's growing online business, where she was responsible for product placement, editorial assortments and the execution of online promotions. After nearly two years at Saks.com, she was offered a position in buying as a merchant assistant in women's shoes, the highest volume division at Bloomingdales.com. After one year, she was promoted to assistant buyer and was a member of the Best Merchant Team for both fall 2009 and spring 2010. In August 2010 she was promoted to her current role of associate buyer in women's ready-to-wear, where she buys brands including Calvin Klein, DKNY, Michael Kors and has full buying responsibility for Lauren by Ralph Lauren.
Aside from her professional life, Lair is a member of the New York Junior League, where she is involved in fundraising and event planning. She is also involved in the Tri Delta New York Alumni Chapter, where she helped co-chair the annual St. Jude fundraiser. She is an active mentor for Sponsors for Educational Opportunity and has helped six high school seniors from underprivileged inner-city schools receive scholarships and admission to competitive colleges. She also mentors fifth grade students through Bloomingdale's Mentor America program.
Lair helps K-State students and young graduates with career guidance. She is honored to be receiving this award and is inspired to continue to give back to the College of Human Ecology.


Neocyttus acanthorhynchus fish on hard substratum off Mozambique. The fish in the grab is an Oreo, family Oreosomatidae, possibly Neocyttus acanthorhynchus, described by Gilchirst 1908 from off Madagascar. This photo is very similar to Neocyttus helgae from the NE Atlantic. I believe several specimens of the photographed species were trapped during the Russian cruise of the Vityaz many years ago. There is no common name for this species. It is closely related to the spikey oreo, Neocyttus rhomboidalis, well known, and fished commercially, on the Atlantic side of South Africa. But the spikey oreo (also previously called the oreo dory, and sometimes black dory - particularly in the fishery) has a less angular shape without the marked dip in front of the dorsal fin. This photo makes me suspicious, wondering if N. helgae and N. acanthorhynchus are perhaps the same species with a classic anti-tropical (bi-polar) global distribution. Your photos are remarkably similar to N. helgae. If they are indeed N. acanthorhynchus, your photos may be the first life photos of same.


If I don't block off time for doing certain work, the time will definitely become filled up with meeting requests. And even if I decline every one of them, it still needs time to manage the requests. So blocking time in advance is very important. And what I've learned just recently is that it is highly effective not only to block off larger chunks of work. Even answering a specific longer or complex e-mail or scheduling a certain appointment with a customer takes some time. So I schedule even very little management-clutter-like tasks in my calendar like "tell A todo X". At least there should be some blocker for "doing due management stuff".
If I'm managing an issue that is being worked on over a longer period of time, I often plan from meeting to meeting. At the end of each meeting I immediately schedule the next meeting. Each meeting contains a goal and a todo-list with action items that have to be resolved by the time of the meeting. For each action item there is a responsible person. I write goal and todo-list directly into the meeting invitation so that I don't have to search for the protocol when the meeting takes place.
When I hold a meeting I always try to leave it without TODOs. Usually for most action items there is somebody else that can do it. If only I can do it, I try to adjust the action item or break it down into smaller pieces so that it can be delegated more easily. If after that there is still some high-level work that only I can do (like making a decision or approving a work item), I try to define this work so narrow that I can perform it as an agenda point of the next meeting.
Earlier in my career I always felt the urge to do things by myself. And there are still things that I really need to do by myself either because they are my core responsibility or I really don't have anybody available who can do it. However, I've found out that the number of things I really have to do by myself is in fact very small. It all comes down to good delegation skills. The next sections give a hint of what I mean.
When I delegate a task, I always have to consider the level of skill and creativity of the person I'm giving the task to. The lower the skill level and creativity, the more time I take for specifying the concrete step by step procedure the person should perform. If the step by step procedure is so complex that the whole delegation procedure cannot be done within 20 minutes, then I break the task down into smaller pieces. Then I only delegate the first piece and use meeting-chaining to delegate the other pieces in subsequent meetings.
In any delegation I give a clear SMART goal what should be achieved, when it should be achieved and what the constraints (e.g. budget) are. Then I let the person repeat everything verbally to make sure (s)he has understood everything. This is an important part, because more often than not, there was a misunderstanding.
I have observed many managers becoming angry or impatient when their delegation does not work out. To avoid that, I anticipate failure of the delegation mentally and prepare for it. So depending on the skill and experience level of the person I'm delegating to, I include several iterations in my expectations.
After I've made the delegation, I schedule to check the completion of the delegated task in my calendar. I either do the check by myself or I plan a meeting with the person I've delegated the task to. In recent times I even let the other person schedule the meeting, but of course I then have to schedule a check in my calendar to see if I have received the meeting invitation.
Leaving the topic of delegation now, I would like to write about ongoing work that is being performed by employees. What I have learned is that a certain range of failure is inevitable and it is not helpful to try to avoid it. Instead I let employees work on tasks a certain amount of time with the risk of failure. But I limit the amount of possible failure by the following mechanisms.
With larger projects it makes sense to plan periodic controlling-meetings in advance. Each controlling meeting has a clear goal and results that have to be achieved by the time of the meeting. Typically the result check includes schedule, scope, quality, budget and risks.
All controlling-meetings are planned at the beginning of the project.
The results that have to be achieved by the time of every controlling meeting are also defined at the beginning of the project.
I can't stand pointless "jour-fixes" where the team just "talks about the project".
For repeating activities that are standardized in form of a process, I do not check every process activity. Instead I let employees do the work and check regularly if all process steps have been performed using audits. Those audits should be in short cycles though to limit the amount of failure. Maybe I audit weekly or monthly, depending on the frequency of the process activities. Those audits should be scheduled in advance. Such an audit doesn't have to be a big deal. It might be just a 10-minute glance at the issues in the issue-tracking-system.
To perform audits or controlling-meetings I have found it helpful to define very small roles. The responsibility of the roles is scheduling and moderating the controlling-meetings or performing the audits. I can then assign the roles to people with high conscientiousness and reliability and let them report to me their results on a regular basis. This way I do not have to perform the audit by myself. The people that the roles are assigned to are usually no managers but regular employees that just happen to be very reliable.
This of course requires some mental practice, but I've learned that it is really effective.


A conical cap, powered by 4 large patent sails which drive 2 pairs of French millstones. The mill is in working order.
Turn south at Garboldisham cross roads onto B111. Follow to Hopton (about 2 miles), then turn left at Hopton church. In 1.5 miles, at Thelnetham, turn left into Mill Road, and mill in 0.25 mile.


text:
Marc Stotz (* 7. August 1988 in Memmingen) ist ein ehemaliger deutscher Eishockeyspieler, der zuletzt beim ECDC Memmingen in der Eishockey-Oberliga spielte.

Karriere
Stotz begann seine Spielerkarriere in der Saison 2004/05 beim ESV Kaufbeuren in Kaufbeuren in der U18-Mannschaft, die an der Jugend-Bundesliga teilnahm. Mit dem Verein stieg er 2009 in die 2. Eishockey-Bundesliga auf. In dieser Liga absolvierte er 35 Spiele in Kaufbeuren, zudem kam er zweimal beim EC Peiting zum Einsatz. Vor der Saison 2010/11 wechselte er zum EV Landsberg, für den er vier Partien bestritt, ehe er im Oktober 2010 vom ECDC Memmingen aus seiner Heimatstadt verpflichtet wurde.

In der Saison 2017/18 wechselte er zum EHC Timmendorfer Strand 06 für 15 Einsätze in die Oberliga Nord, kam jedoch noch während der laufenden Saison zum ECDC zurück und spielte bei diesem bis 2020 in der Oberliga Süd.

Weblinks

Eishockeyspieler (ESV Kaufbeuren)
Eishockeyspieler (ECDC Memmingen)
Deutscher
Geboren 1988
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
TSOTSI
TSOTSI(director/writer: Gavin Hood; screenwriter: based on the novel by Athol Fugard; cinematographer: Lance Gewer; editor: Megan Gill; music: Mark Kilian and Paul Hepker/with the featured vocalist Vusi Mahlasela; cast: Presley Chweneyagae (Tsotsi), Terry Pheto (Miriam), Kenneth Nkosi (Aap), Mothusi Magano (Boston), Zenzo Ngqobe (Butcher), Rapulana Seiphemo (John Dube), Nambitha Mpumlwana (Pumla Dube), Ian Roberts (Captain Smit); Runtime: 94; MPAA Rating: R; producer: Peter Fudakowski; Miramax Films; 2005-South Africa-in Zulu, Xhosa and Afrikaans with English subtitles)
"A chance for the stay-at-home world-travelers to catch sight of Johannesburg's filthy sprawling township of Soweto."
Tsotsi, meaning "thug" in the street language of South Africa's townships, is based on the only novel South African playwright Athol Fugard ever wrote. It was written in 1961 (but set in the 1950s during apartheid, while the film takes place in the post-apartheid present) and sadly covers the white author's same themes he covers in his plays about how the poor and downtrodden blacks are continually beaten down. Writer-director Gavin Hood's thin story is given an artistic brushup but has little more to say about a sociopathic gangster eventually seeking redemption over a six-day crime spree, who is humanized by being compared to a helpless baby he kidnapped and carries around in a shopping bag, than any of those B film Warner Brother crime thrillers from back in the day. You know, the old tale of woe about a poor childhood upbringing and no one in society who gives a crap. There's not much more to this tale than that and a chance for the stay-at-home world-travelers to catch sight of Johannesburg's filthy sprawling township of Soweto, filled with the poor living in corrugated-metal shacks, as much a breeding ground for crime as any of America's ghettos. How one gets the film all hinges on the ruthless gangster characterization by Tsotsi (Presley Chweneyagae), who has mood swings from monster brute to a bully looking for love but he never changes his one expression no matter the circumstance. If you can take his bloody crime spree, the many closeups of him, look past all those innocents the thug hurt, not judge him and find something to move you in a story that's so obvious then you have been pulled into the story the way Hood hoped you would be. The Academy liked it so much it named it as its Best Foreign Film of 2005 (which puts it on the same mantelpiece as all those other middlebrow artsy foreign films that were also recently honored in the same way).
In this unpleasant bleak tale, we watch the titular protagonist and the small gang he's the de facto leader of —Boston (Mothusi Magano), Butcher (Zenzo Ngqobe) and Aap (Kenneth Nkosi)–needlessly stab a well-dressed black man to death with a sharp spike in a crowded rush-hour subway as they rob him. Then Tsotsi pummels nearly to death one of his more sensitive street boys, Boston, because the drunken lad questioned the murder and grilled the boss man a little too much about why he hates so much. Tsotsi runs out of the bar and in the swell part of town (no shacks here), in front of a gated house, in a driving rain, he commits a car-jacking of a BMW and when the rich lady (Nambitha Mpumlwana) objects shoots her in the gut and soon finds there's a baby in the car. Our hero decides to keep the child and we flashback to his childhood, and learn his grim history of how as a youngster he ran away from a cruel dog-kicking father who kept him away from his dying of AIDS mom and he thereby lived on the streets in a pipe. These flashbacks are supposed to make us understand why he kept the child. His way of taking care of the baby is to force his neighbor at gunpoint, a pretty young widow (Terry Pheto) with a child, to breast feed the baby boy. Tsotsi then regroups with his gang and returns to his vic's gated house to rob them, and while there learns the woman he shot will never walk again.
By the end, the angry-looking 19-year-old thug is given the full treatment of going from numero uno monster to just another immature innocent with lots of blood on his hands who needs someone to surrender to so society can breathe a little easier as he stops choosing if he needs to kill or love someone. What never comes into play, which should have, is the political situation causing the wide gulf between the rich and poor. Street punks like Tsotsi are unfortunately in a plentiful supply in the modern world, and this cautionary typical studio-like crime story is just not that interesting or powerful or meaningful (at least, in how it was presented here–even if such a monster was given a human face and a Sociology 101 explanation for his existence).
REVIEWED ON 5/15/2006 GRADE: C+
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Why We Signed the UN Women's Empowerment Principles
Racheal Meiers, Former Director, BSR
#Inclusive Economy, #Womens Empowerment,
This spring, BSR became a signatory to the United Nations Women's Empowerment Principles (WEPs), which provide a framework to help companies empower women in the workplace, marketplace, and community. Chaired by UN Women and the UN Global Compact, the WEPs have secured more than 970 signatory companies from across the globe. We are proud to join many BSR members—including ANN INC, Alcatel-Lucent, Diageo, Gap, IKEA, Microsoft, Novartis, and Unilever, among many others—as signatories.
As many of our members know, we view women's empowerment as a critical pillar of global sustainability and as imperative to building an inclusive economy. We believe that businesses are a key partner in removing the barriers that women face to achieve full economic participation—and in realizing the opportunities that women promise for our global economy. By investing in women and promoting women's empowerment, companies can help create more just and prosperous economies and ensure significant returns for society and business.
To realize this vision, we recognize that BSR has dual roles to play. First, we have a responsibility and self-interest to uphold excellent standards within our own organization to support all our employees equally. Like other WEPs signatories, we know that strong gender performance can increase our ability to attract and retain top male and female talent, enhancing our competitiveness and our ability to serve our members and our mission over time. This year, we'll be taking a close look at how we're fulfilling these expectations, and where we can improve our own internal practices.
Second, we see the WEPs as an important organizing force to promote greater private-sector engagement on women's empowerment, and to share and scale best practices. This is particularly important as we look to expand on our existing partnerships supporting women's empowerment in global supply chains—including our BSR HERproject, which has more than forty participating companies—and our broader efforts to help our member companies enhance gender performance across their business operations.
BSR has worked to support women's empowerment for more than a decade. During this time, we've also been proud to contribute to and observe ever-growing interest and engagement from the business community through efforts including Walmart's Women's Empowerment programs, Coca-Cola's 5 by 20 initiative, Goldman Sachs' 10,000 Women commitment, Intel's Women and the Web research and She Will Connect program, and Gap Inc.'s P.A.C.E. program and gender pay equity efforts.
However, despite growing business investment and engagement, women remain unequal in most societies around the world. Within this context, women face a number of barriers to full economic participation, and to full realization of their rights—women's civil and political rights, their right to health, and their right to education are often marginalized. Furthermore, more than 35 percent of women globally have reported experiencing violence in their lifetime.
In this context, we all have an important opportunity to ensure that women's rights are more fully integrated into private-sector partnerships and investment in women, and that an ever-growing group of companies support women and girls' causes globally. We believe the WEPs can serve as an important organizing platform for realizing these aspirations, and at BSR, we hope to be at the forefront of supporting individual company leadership and collective-action efforts.
As members of the WEPs Leadership Group, BSR is also playing a role in insuring the principles are not only adopted by the global business community, but that companies are also empowered to act on the commitments they have made. We would love to hear from you on how the WEPs can be improved or made more relevant for your company, as well as examples of how you are using the WEPs to enhance your corporate gender performance, and contribute to your companies' competitiveness and sustainability.
We look forward to working together to realize our shared vision of women's full participation in an inclusive global economy.
#Inclusive Economy, #Womens Empowerment
Davos 2020: Progress in a Time of Turmoil?
Aron Cramer, President and CEO, BSR
Entering Davos Week 2020, there is clearly a new climate for business.
Our Top Sustainability Insights of 2019
Maria Bennici, Communications Coordinator, BSR; Aimee Louise Bataclan, Manager, Communications and Marketing, BSR
As 2019 comes to an end, we are taking a moment to look back at the news and initiatives that shaped the year. Our six most popular blog posts and reports exemplify the diversity of topics BSR works on, from gender equality to stakeholder engagement.
Challenges and Opportunities for Gender Equality in a European Luxury Supply Chain
Roberta Pinamonti, Manager, BSR; Victoria Reca, Associate, BSR
While women are vital to the Italian luxury sector, gender inequality throughout the supply chain still impacts them in the short- and long-term. However, both brands and suppliers are well placed to lead efforts towards improved gender equality in Italy, in both supply chains and in the country's overall sociocultural context.
Supporting Women in the Luxury Supply Chain: A Focus on Italy
Roberta Pinamonti, Manager, BSR; Aditi Mohapatra, Director, Women's Empowerment, BSR; Victoria Reca, Associate, BSR
Working women in Italy face numerous challenges in the labor market, and little is known about gender equality efforts and the gender gaps impacting women working in the Italian luxury supply chain. BSR and Wise Growth conducted various activities to assist the Kering Group with understanding the challenges faced and opportunities available to women workers.
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All tissues of the body require oxygen for their proper metabolism. The oxygen enters the body through the lungs, of course, and then passes through the lining of the lungs and enters the circulatory system. From there, it is carried to the rest of the body.
When the cornea is deprived of enough oxygen the endothelium pump loses efficiency and is unable to maintain the relatively dehydrated state of the corneal tissue, and therefore it begins to swell. When the decrease in available oxygen becomes chronic, the cornea responds by allowing tiny new blood vessels to grow. This is corneal neovascularization.
In the early days of contact lenses, materials did not allow oxygen to pass through at all, and CN was quite common; some eyecare practitioners accepted CN as being a "normal" result of contact lens wear, because almost every patient had it after a short time of using their lenses. Now, blood vessels growing in the tissue of the cornea should never be considered normal, but are always a sign that the level of oxygen getting to the cornea is not adequate.
These new blood vessels are abnormal, not only by where they are growing, but they also are unusually sized and shaped, and are very fragile. They begin to grow from the edges of the cornea and progress towards the center, where they begin to interfere with vision.
There are several known causes of corneal neovascularization (CN); the most common one is contact lens overwear. Overwear can be the result of wearing contacts too many hours in a day, sleeping without removing non-extended wear lenses, using contacts that are no longer transmitting oxygen like they did when new, and allowing the contact lenses to become dirty or to form deposits on their surfaces from inadequate lens care.
Inflammation is another source of CN as the result of trauma or injury, and from blepharitis, uveitis, or keratitis. (In medical terms, the suffix "-itis" added to the name of the structure means that structure is inflamed. Inflammation is characterized by swelling, redness and pain, and is not the same as an infection, which is caused by micro-organisms.) Corneal ulcers can cause CN, as can glaucoma and other ocular surface diseases like rosacea or lupus.
People who are developing or who have already developed corneal neovascularization are not always aware of it. Symptoms can be subtle, like contact lenses not being as comfortable as they once were, or hazy vision.
It is usually the eyecare practitioner, using an instrument known as a slit lamp to look at the contact lenses and the corneal surface under them, who first recognizes that the cornea is no longer completely clear, and that there are vessels invading where they should not be. The new vessels are very tiny and cannot usually be seen by the naked eye, but the slit lamp has a bright source of light and magnification so the tissues can be seen clearly and easily. A slit lamp examination of the surface of the eyes is part of a routine vision exam, as well as for evaluating contact lenses.
Corneal neovascularization is treated by doing whatever is necessary to increase the amount of oxygen that is reaching it.
Any existing inflammation of the ocular tissues must be treated; however, most CN has a more obvious cause, that of contact lens overwear.
Contact lens overwear is not seen as much now as it once ways, because of new technology in materials, lens designs and the ability of newer lenses to transmit oxygen at a much higher level than ever before. However, even though it is more unusual in the present, it does still exist, usually in patients still wearing the same type of contact lenses they were originally fit with when they first began to use them.
Contact lens wearers may need to be refitted into a new lens made from a material like silicone hydrogel which transmits oxygen at almost the same level as having no lens present on the eye at all. Usually, this alone will solve the problem, but some patients may need to reduce their daily wearing time, switch to an extended-wear type of lens but wear it only during the day, and, in very extreme cases, to discontinue contact lens wear completely.
If left to grow, the new blood vessels continue further into the corneal structure, and as noted above, they are quite fragile. If one of them ruptures (a slight bump to the head, a coughing spell or a foreign body in the eye can all cause rupture of the vessels) the hemorrhage itself, being opaque, will cause visual symptoms and can even leave scar tissue in the cornea.
Light does not pass through tissue with blood leaking into it, nor does it pass through scar tissue except in a very limited way. The devastating loss of vision that can result should be obvious.
Once blood vessels have grown into the corneal tissue, they will not disappear completely. By increasing the oxygen getting to the cornea, it is possible to stop their growth, but the best result will still leave ghost vessels there. If at any time, the cornea is again compromised for lack of oxygen, those vessels will fill up and begin to grow again.
However, by getting regular contact lens checkups and following the proper wearing schedule, most patients can stop CN in its tracks.
If the cause is inflammation of ocular tissue from another direction, or an infection, the underlying cause must be treated.
Corneal neovascularization is never considered to be normal, and it should not be accepted as just one more result of contact lens wear.
As noted earlier, if left to grow, these vessels can cause major vision disruption.
Even if it is the result of inflammation unconnected with contact lens wear, it is possible to treat that condition with anti-inflammatory medications and other measures. While it is as yet not possible to cure diseases like rosacea, lupus or MS, we can get regular medical care and do what we can to minimize the influences they have on the entire body as well as the tissues and structures of the eyes. Sometimes, we just need to do the best we can.
Most corneal neovascularization is the result of contact lens wear that is compromising the amount of oxygen getting to the cornea. It is easy to stop CN when it is due to overwear or compromised oxygen transmissibility because of lenses that are not in optimum condition. All we have to do in this case is follow the instructions of the eyecare practitioner.


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How 'The Cloverfield Paradox' Explains the Entire Series
Brendan Morrow
Back in 2016, J.J. Abrams said that Bad Robot was turning the Cloverfield franchise into an anthology series with 10 Cloverfield Lane. But then advertising for the surprise third installment, The Cloverfield Paradox, promised to explain why the monster arrived on Earth in the original Cloverfield, implying it actually took place within the same continuity and wasn't a separate story.
The movie itself only left fans more confused about how this whole thing is supposed to fit together. But although the answer is a bit complicated, Paradox does seem to offer an explanation for the entire franchise so far.
Warning: Major spoilers for all three Cloverfield movies lie ahead.
The particle accelerator in Paradox releases monsters on Earth
The particle accelerator in The Cloverfield Paradox. | Bad Robot Productions
In The Cloverfield Paradox, scientists test a particle accelerator in hopes of finding a solution to the world's energy crisis.
But, as we learn, this experiment has a downside. Early on, a guy named Mark Stambler suggests in an interview that this experiment could rip a hole in space-time. It could, as he says, "unleash chaos the likes of which we've never seen. Monsters, demons, beasts from the sea."
Clearly, this is what happens. After the crew of the Shepard fires the accelerator, they travel to another dimension. Meanwhile, on Earth, monsters appear as a result of their actions. Presumably, a dimension in which monsters exist has merged with our own and left them to wreck cities and kill millions.
Next: The connection to the movies isn't so simple, though.
But the monster in Paradox isn't the same one from Cloverfield
The Cloverfield monster returns. | Bad Robot Productions
The very end of The Cloverfield Paradox gives diehard fans what they've been hoping to see again for the past 10 years. "Clover," the monster from the first movie, returns.
But wait a second. This can't possibly be the same monster from the original Cloverfield. After all, that monster was smaller than a New York City skyscraper. On the other hand, the monster from the end of Paradox is so tall that it's actually piercing the clouds.
So what initially strikes us as a clever ending that ties the film back into the original actually doesn't really do that at all. It only creates more confusion.
Next: Paradox definitely is not a direct prequel.
Paradox can't possibly be a direct prequel to Cloverfield or 10 Cloverfield Lane
Monsters roam the Earth in The Cloverfield Paradox. | Bad Robot Productions
This is not the only reason that Paradox can't be a direct prequel that's set in the same timeline. In addition to the monster being totally different, the whole movie takes place in the future and in a world nothing like our own. According to the alternate reality game, the setting is 2028.
In Cloverfield, the world is exactly the same as ours in every way except for the monster appearing; it's very clearly not the world we see in Paradox. Also, that movie is set in 2008. It doesn't make sense that Paradox would take place in the same timeline as Cloverfield but 20 years later, since nobody makes mention of the fact that a monster attacked New York two decades ago. Also, if that's supposed to be a grown-up version of the same monster from Cloverfield at the end, that would mean it's been on Earth for the past 20 years and yet everyone was living their lives normally at the beginning of Paradox.
Paradox doesn't make sense as a direct prequel to 10 Cloverfield Lane, either, since the monsters in that film look completely different. Also, that story seems to be set in 2016. At the same time, there are small Easter Eggs that pop up in all three films, like references to Slusho, implying there's some connection.
So how can all three movies possibly exist within the same continuity?
Next: There's only one way to explain all of this.
All of the movies take place in different dimensions
Mark Stambler in The Cloverfield Paradox. | Bad Robot Productions
There's one simple explanation for all of these disparities: Each Cloverfield movie takes place in a different dimension.
The idea is that when the Shepard fires up their particle accelerator, they unleash monsters not just on their Earth, but on every conceivable version of Earth. After all, listen back to that scene with Mark Stambler. He says, "Every time they test it, they risk ripping open the membrane of space-time, smashing together multiple dimensions, shattering reality. And not just on that station. Everywhere."
So that's what happened: The accelerator smashed together multiple dimensions, leaving monsters behind. And so far, every Cloverfield film has shown us a different one of those dimensions.
Next: How the original Cloverfield relates to this new one
Cloverfield is set 20 years earlier in a different dimension
The original Cloverfield monster | Paramount Pictures
Even if we accept the idea that the movies are taking place in different dimensions, what's the explanation for them not lining up time- wise? Well, once again, Mark Stambler's TV interview provides the answer. He says that the particle accelerator can release demons "not just here and now, but in the past, in the future, in other dimensions."
So when the particle accelerator ripped through time, it caused a monster to appear decades earlier in the original Cloverfield. The alternate reality game for the first film established that the monster was already in the sea and was awoken by an oil drilling company, though. So either the events of Paradox caused the monster to appear in the ocean long before it was woken up, or the alternate reality game is no longer canon.
Additionally, we can presume that the monster in Cloverfield is a baby monster of the same species as the one from Paradox. It just so happens that two monsters of the same species — but not the same size — appeared both in the Earth from Cloverfield and the Earth from Paradox. They probably come from the same dimension, but they're otherwise unrelated.
Next: We can see evidence of the particle accelerator's actions in both movies.
The particle accelerator seems to cause rips in time in both movies
Michelle and Howard in 10 Cloverfield Lane | Paramount Pictures
There are events in both Cloverfield movies that we can now theorize were caused by the particle accelerator.
For example, exactly 18 minutes into the first Cloverfield, there's a massive earthquake which causes all the electricity in New York City to go down. It just so happens that 18 minutes into The Cloverfield Paradox is when the particle accelerator overloads and creates the power surge.
Also, in 10 Cloverfield Lane, Emmett speaks of seeing a bright red flash, which definitely calls to mind the flash of the particle accelerator.
Next: What the Cloverfield movies will be like going forward.
This will allow any future film to easily tie in the broader universe
J.J. Abrams | Keith Tsuji/Getty Images
Abrams has compared Cloverfield to an amusement park, where each ride offers something different, but all fit a certain theme. He has also compared it to anthology shows like The Twilight Zone.
Now, Cloverfield has set itself up so that the previous movies, and all future movies, can technically exist within the same world. But the idea from now on would be that every single story takes place in an alternate dimension, and whatever supernatural forces the characters encounter is a result of the particle accelerator's actions.
It's clearly not just the "Clover" monsters that crossed dimensions, but other monsters, too. After all, the monsters in 10 Cloverfield Lane are not the same as the others; these are closer to alien invaders, and they even float above the Earth in spaceships.
The fourth Cloverfield film, which is currently titled Overlord, is going to be a lot different; it takes place during World War II and is reportedly about zombies. So future Cloverfield movies don't even have to involve giant monsters or aliens. J.J. Abrams and Bad Robot can basically tell any story they want and fit it under the Cloverfield umbrella by saying it's yet another dimension, and whatever madness is going on, it's a result of the accelerator unleashing it.
Let's just hope that future installments are not quite as rushed and filled with as many obvious reshoots as The Cloverfield Paradox.
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cfix 1.0.0 released
About one month after having released the first release candidate, cfix has now reached version 1.0.0 final.
The differences between RC1 and the final version are minor. A small number of bugs have emerged during the past weeks, most of which related to output and statistics tracking. Those bugs have been fixed in 1.0.0 final. Despite these fixes, there are no functional differences between the two releases.
The new release can be found on the Sourceforge Download page.


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Max Heinrich Maurenbrecher (17 July 1874 – 30 April 1929) was a German publicist, pastor and politician. He served as a pastor in the Evangelical State Church of Prussia's older Provinces until 1907. From 1909 to 1916, he preached for the free religious congregations in Nuremberg and Mannheim. In 1917 he rejoined the evangelical church and became a minister in Dresden.

Life
Originally a member of the Christian Social Party, he left that party in 1899 and became one of the leading members of Friedrich Naumann's National-Social Association, a party that sought to challenge the Social Democrats by addressing class inequity from a Protestant, non-Marxist perspective; the party succeeded in winning only one seat in the Reichstag, in 1903, before dissolving. Maurenbrecher then became a member of that party's rival, the Social Democratic Party. He left the SPD in 1916 in a dispute over increasing the military budget, joined the conservative German Fatherland Party in 1917, and finally joined the German National People's Party after the war.

Maurenbrecher was an admirer of Friedrich Nietzsche, who greatly influenced his thinking.

Bibliography
Goethe und die Juden (Goethe and the Jews),  1921, Ernst Boepple's Deutscher Volskverlag.

See also
Evangelical Social Congress (for which Maurenbrecher was a secretary)

References

1874 births
1930 deaths
Clergy from Königsberg
People from the Province of Prussia
German Calvinist and Reformed ministers
Christian Social Party (Germany) politicians
National-Social Association politicians
Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians
German Fatherland Party politicians
German National People's Party politicians
Alldeutscher Verband members


DC SRC/thyristor drives and motors remain common in industries, such as metals, cranes, mining and printing. The current trend is to replace DC systems with new AC drives and motors to reduce maintenance overheads, however, this can often be a significant task that requires the machinery to be taken out of service for an extended period while mechanical and electrical rework is undertaken.
Utilizing the existing DC motor and upgrading the DC drive is often the most attractive option. DC motors are usually well built and capable of offering many more years of service, the project costs are usually much lower and the disruption and risks are minimised. Modern DC drives also provide many benefits, Control Techniques DC drives are based on our current AC drive technology, they offer enhanced motor performance, reliability and system integration options.
Export Markets︰ cable. rubber. PLASTIC. IRON and steel.


A team of North Yorkshire health visitors have taken on a "tough" triathlon to raise funds for a breastfeeding support scheme to help mothers and families who experience challenges.
Healthcare professionals can now receive vital child health information digitally, following the launch of a new live national service from the NHS which those behind it say will help to improve the speed of diagnosis.
Volunteers must never be used by the NHS as a cheap substitute for trained nurses and other health staff, union chiefs have warned.
Nurses feel they have a "better understanding" of the lived experience of dementia after climbing aboard a virtual 'dementia bus', according to a London mental health trust.


Take command of the road in the 2019 Hyundai Tucson. Smooth gearshifts are achieved thanks to the efficient 4 cylinder engine, and for added security, dynamic Stability Control supplements the drivetrain. Hyundai prioritized fit and finish as evidenced by: leather upholstery, front and rear reading lights, a power seat, automatic temperature control, blind spot sensor, a roof rack, and cruise control. Rear passengers enjoy the seat heating functionality, keeping them warm during the winter months. Audio features include an AM/FM radio, steering wheel mounted audio controls, and 8 speakers, providing excellent sound throughout the cabin. Hyundai ensures the safety and security of its passengers with equipment such as: dual front impact airbags with occupant sensing airbag, front side impact airbags, traction control, brake assist, ignition disabling, an emergency communication system, and 4 wheel disc brakes with ABS. You'll never lose visibility with rain sensing wipers, which activate automatically when the drops start to fall. We'd also be happy to help you arrange financing for your vehicle. Please don't hesitate to give us a call.