text:
Toronto can learn from California (envirofascists and politics)
CFP ^ | February 23, 2005 | Arthur Weinreb
People on the left coast tend to be more environmentally friendly (or obsessed) than many other North Americans are. Toronto Mayor David Miller and his comrades on council no doubt look to some aspects of that western state with envy.
In an attempt to lower pollution and save the planet so to speak, Californians are buying hybrid cars in record numbers. Last week, CBS News gave an example of a young college student who purchased a hybrid car and managed to save approximately $300 less a month on gas.
And therein lies the problem. California officials are now concerned about the large decrease in the amount that the state now collects in gas taxes. Now fast forward to Toronto where Miller and his car hating cohorts do whatever they can to make driving in the city more difficult. They neglect gridlock and the conditions of the roads and any money that they do have is spent on constructing bicycle lanes on major arteries and speed bumps (or as the trendy call them, traffic calming measures) on side streets. But hardly a day goes by when the city's mayor and chief panhandler doesn't have his hand out for some of the provincial and federal government's gas tax.
Miller and the council are likely to face the same paradox that California now faces; achieving the goal of reducing cars on the road will result in substantially less revenue. Any decline in the amount of taxes collected on gasoline will give the other levels of government an excuse as to why they can't bail out Toronto's free spending council who consider spending reductions as a last resort to solve their financial problems.
At least California uses its gas tax revenues on highway and road construction and repair. . . . .
TOPICS: Canada; Culture/Society; US: California
KEYWORDS: automobiles; gas; gasoline; revenues; tax
People on the left coast tend to be more environmentally friendly (or obsessed) than many other North Americans are.
This truism is pure crap. The left SELLS itself as more environmentally friendly, but its favored policies are designed control who makes money and are often immensely destructive to the environment.
2 posted on 02/23/2005 8:47:48 AM PST by Carry_Okie (There are people in power who are truly evil.)
To: Carry_Okie
The same limo libs who own mansions, jet planes etc.
Hybrid cars wont do well up here in NH especially in the snow.
Have a friend who purchased one of these and after 1 winter. Now drives an SUV with 4wheel drive.
3 posted on 02/23/2005 8:52:25 AM PST by Strutt9
Some thoughts....
Government at all levels has waged an unceasing war on smoking by limiting the places people can smoke and by imposing draconian taxes on cigarettes. Now that fewer people are smoking, states such as Washington are in trouble because fewer people are paying the cigarette taxes that finance the state's bloated budget. Now we see the same thing happening in California with gas tax revenue.
Tax vehicles by the mile? That has been going on for decades. The farther you go, the more gas you buy. The more gas you buy the more taxes you pay. Oly on the left coast...
"In an attempt to lower pollution and save the planet so to speak, Californians are buying hybrid cars in record numbers. Last week, CBS News gave an example of a young college student who purchased a hybrid car and managed to save approximately $300 less a month on gas. "
what a bogus biased statement. I wonder if the thought ever occurred to them (the "writers" of the paper) that people were buying hybrids to save gas money? hmmm i wonder. Nope time to push our agenda move along here nothing to see
6 posted on 02/23/2005 9:05:07 AM PST by tfecw (Vote Democrat, It's easier then working)
To: Strutt9
You don't get it. Allow me:
NOx regulations that make more smog but mandate construction of new plants that replace the old instead of increasing capacity. That creates power shortages that drive prices up.
Mandate oxygenates that polluted groundwater, produce asthma cases, and then the agencies use the cases to mandate more regulations. Resulting boutique gasolines require massive amounts of natural gas. Guess who wanted those regulations?
It's corruption. There's so much of it that I could write a book, but then, I already did.
To: bobjam
Mike, all of this talk about taxing cars per mile here in California is just talk, and is likely to go nowhere. Those Prius owners don't like the idea of subsidizing Hummer owners' burden on the infrastructure. This talk is only supported by some Republicans in the state senate and state assembly, and in both houses, Democrats hold a wide majority. It was our governator who suggested the measure whose intrusiveness pales in comparison to any of the Democrats' anti-smoking fascism.
8 posted on 02/23/2005 10:48:42 AM PST by km6xu
How are you going to get more cars off the roads when the government is handing out drivers licenses like candy to illegal aliens???...not to mention....the cars they are putting on the road are not hybrid by any stretch...unless you consider a 1974 Caddy hybrid by Mexican standards.....
9 posted on 02/23/2005 11:21:56 AM PST by Route101
Toronto is the backwater of Canadian politics. It not only looks and feel European - it has more than its share of Liberals and New Democrats. Almost every city in eastern Canada leans Left. The only place you'll find conservatives east of Manitoba is in the countryside around farms and small towns. Just like in the States - although there are more of us here than in Canada.
(Denny Crane: "There are two places to find the truth. First God and then Fox News.")
Like MBTE that a few years ago was a mandatory gas additive in some states,
now the oil companies are sued for having added it to gasoline
Come to think of it, wasn't asbestos also mandatory in many applications years ago?
How come the companies defense lawyers don't bring that up?
11 posted on 02/23/2005 5:42:13 PM PST by BitWielder1
To: BitWielder1
Like MBTE that a few years ago was a mandatory gas additive in some states, now the oil companies are sued for having added it to gasoline.
It was mandatory because oil company representatives in both the EPA (particularly ARCO Chemical (now Lyondell) and green groups wanted it that way. They knew that MTBE was a problem and drove it through. Not only that, but the Congress indemnified them for the consequences in the Clean Air Act of 1990.
Because their executives don't want to go to jail for fraud?
12 posted on 02/23/2005 5:50:31 PM PST by Carry_Okie (The environment is too complex and too important to be managed by central planning.)
So that's what happened.
Maybe I'll go read your book.
14 posted on 02/24/2005 7:46:47 AM PST by ConservativeStLouisGuy (11th FReeper Commandment: Thou Shalt Not Unnecessarily Excerpt)
Toronto can learn from California - Arthur Weinreb
At least California uses its gas tax revenues on highway and road construction and repair. Any share of the gas tax that Miller gets will not go to roads; it will go to hiring more unionized outreach workers to deliver coffee to the homeless and to giving in to the wage demands of Miller's union buddies when they negotiate new collective agreements. Some of the gas tax will go to the transit system, but not enough to convince many drivers that the TTC is in fact the better way. We now have a situation where we have an under-funded transit system in addition to crumbling and chaotic infrastructure.
California is now considering taxing its drivers by the mile. Big brother devices will be installed in automobiles that will collect data on how much an individual drives. The driver or owner of the vehicle will then be taxed according to how many vehicles that car has travelled during a certain time period.
In addition to large increases in both business taxes and property taxes, Miller will have to do find new sources of revenues to pay for his pet projects, especially if his beloved gas taxes shrink. Tolls on highways and California's "tax by the mile" cannot be ruled out. And it's only a matter of time before the federal government starts offering incentives to reduce the use of gas in its attempts to at least appear to be interested in making its Kyoto targets and will further reduce those gas taxes that Miller is constantly whining about.
The reality is that except for his workers and his homeless, David Miller doesn't care about the people in his city; he cares only about his ideology. This was made clear when he expressed disappointment about those who are losing their jobs as a result of the 2004-5 hockey season being cancelled. He never expressed any sympathy for those who lost similar jobs when Toronto's restaurants and bars going smoke free. Back then he couldn't have cared less.
It will only be a matter of time before we end up like California and have to make up for losses in the gas tax by imposing new taxes. It will be enough to make you want to drive off a cliff.
Unfortunately, that might cost you.


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I find this very interesting. My Great Uncle, Rev E L Slavens, recorded on White Church Record label around this time, 2 of which were 1154 & 1155...I was wondering if they reused copyright #'s? I see on the Blackwood Bros label they used 1154 as well.
http://countrydiscography.blogspot.com/search/label/Blackwood%20Brothers contains a listing of White Church releases, including those for which you say you have gaps: 1054, 1056 and 1061. Could that listing be correct?
You include a scan of the label of the Blackwood Brothers' recording of "If We Never Meet Again." Do you have a recording date for this, please?
I have White Church Record 1053-B"The old Rugged Cross" would like to know what the value of it might be. I'ts not for sale it has been our family hymn for 70 years that I know of. I would like to know what I have, to be able to tell my kids.


text:
Carl Heumann war der Name einer Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts in Thüringen gegründeten Puppen-Manufaktur mit Sitz in Sonneberg, Schöne Aussicht 13–15.

Geschichte
Das Unternehmen wurde 1902 gegründet und produzierte Puppen aus Celluloid.

Die Firma stellte "[...] mindestens bis 1930" Puppen her. Ihre bekannteste Marke war das Ende der 1920er Jahre entworfene Suck-Thumb Baby.

Einzelnachweise

Ehemaliges Unternehmen (Sonneberg)
Puppenhersteller
Gegründet 1902
Aufgelöst im 20. Jahrhundert
Produzierendes Unternehmen (Sonneberg)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Clean and stony, our Fiano lends itself to a simple stainless-steel fermentation and maturation in the cellar. The 2018 was sourced from two neighboring vineyards in northwest Paso Robles that produce intensely flavourful fruit with plentry of lively acidity. Destemmed and crushed in the early a.m., the grapes are left to soak on its skins for a few hours before a delicate basket pressing. It then proceeds untouched through alcoholic and partial malolactic fermentation, then filtered and bottled in mid February.
This is a vibrant, and youthful style of Fiano. The nose has gentle jasmine blossom and citrus aromatics. The palate is assertive and textural with a fresh leesy character. Stone fruit kernel and starfruit flavours combine well with the bright natural acidity. A delicious wine.
Calamari, seafood, fish taco's and vongole.


text:
#include "sky/engine/platform/fonts/FontPlatformData.h"

#include "sky/engine/platform/fonts/harfbuzz/HarfBuzzFace.h"
#include "sky/engine/wtf/text/WTFString.h"
#include "third_party/skia/include/core/SkTypeface.h"

namespace blink {

FontPlatformData::FontPlatformData(WTF::HashTableDeletedValueType)
    : m_textSize(0)
    , m_syntheticBold(false)
    , m_syntheticItalic(false)
    , m_orientation(Horizontal)
    , m_isHashTableDeletedValue(true)
{
}

FontPlatformData::FontPlatformData()
    : m_textSize(0)
    , m_syntheticBold(false)
    , m_syntheticItalic(false)
    , m_orientation(Horizontal)
    , m_isHashTableDeletedValue(false)
{
}

FontPlatformData::FontPlatformData(float textSize, bool syntheticBold, bool syntheticItalic)
    : m_textSize(textSize)
    , m_syntheticBold(syntheticBold)
    , m_syntheticItalic(syntheticItalic)
    , m_orientation(Horizontal)
    , m_isHashTableDeletedValue(false)
{
}

FontPlatformData::FontPlatformData(const FontPlatformData& src)
    : m_typeface(src.m_typeface)
    , m_family(src.m_family)
    , m_textSize(src.m_textSize)
    , m_syntheticBold(src.m_syntheticBold)
    , m_syntheticItalic(src.m_syntheticItalic)
    , m_orientation(src.m_orientation)
    , m_style(src.m_style)
    , m_harfBuzzFace(nullptr)
    , m_isHashTableDeletedValue(false)
{
}

FontPlatformData::FontPlatformData(PassRefPtr<SkTypeface> tf, const char* family, float textSize, bool syntheticBold, bool syntheticItalic, FontOrientation orientation, bool subpixelTextPosition)
    : m_typeface(tf)
    , m_family(family)
    , m_textSize(textSize)
    , m_syntheticBold(syntheticBold)
    , m_syntheticItalic(syntheticItalic)
    , m_orientation(orientation)
    , m_isHashTableDeletedValue(false)
{
    querySystemForRenderStyle(subpixelTextPosition);
}

FontPlatformData::FontPlatformData(const FontPlatformData& src, float textSize)
    : m_typeface(src.m_typeface)
    , m_family(src.m_family)
    , m_textSize(textSize)
    , m_syntheticBold(src.m_syntheticBold)
    , m_syntheticItalic(src.m_syntheticItalic)
    , m_orientation(src.m_orientation)
    , m_harfBuzzFace(nullptr)
    , m_isHashTableDeletedValue(false)
{
    querySystemForRenderStyle(FontDescription::subpixelPositioning());
}

FontPlatformData::~FontPlatformData()
{
}

FontPlatformData& FontPlatformData::operator=(const FontPlatformData& src)
{
    m_typeface = src.m_typeface;
    m_family = src.m_family;
    m_textSize = src.m_textSize;
    m_syntheticBold = src.m_syntheticBold;
    m_syntheticItalic = src.m_syntheticItalic;
    m_harfBuzzFace = nullptr;
    m_orientation = src.m_orientation;
    m_style = src.m_style;
    return *this;
}

#ifndef NDEBUG
String FontPlatformData::description() const
{
    return String();
}
#endif

SkFontID FontPlatformData::uniqueID() const
{
    return m_typeface->uniqueID();
}

String FontPlatformData::fontFamilyName() const
{
    // FIXME(crbug.com/326582): come up with a proper way of handling SVG.
    if (!this->typeface())
        return "";
    SkTypeface::LocalizedStrings* fontFamilyIterator = this->typeface()->createFamilyNameIterator();
    SkTypeface::LocalizedString localizedString;
    while (fontFamilyIterator->next(&localizedString) && !localizedString.fString.size()) { }
    fontFamilyIterator->unref();
    return String(localizedString.fString.c_str());
}

bool FontPlatformData::operator==(const FontPlatformData& a) const
{
    // If either of the typeface pointers are null then we test for pointer
    // equality. Otherwise, we call SkTypeface::Equal on the valid pointers.
    bool typefacesEqual;
    if (!m_typeface || !a.m_typeface)
        typefacesEqual = m_typeface == a.m_typeface;
    else
        typefacesEqual = SkTypeface::Equal(m_typeface.get(), a.m_typeface.get());

    return typefacesEqual
        && m_textSize == a.m_textSize
        && m_syntheticBold == a.m_syntheticBold
        && m_syntheticItalic == a.m_syntheticItalic
        && m_orientation == a.m_orientation
        && m_style == a.m_style
        && m_isHashTableDeletedValue == a.m_isHashTableDeletedValue;
}

bool FontPlatformData::isFixedPitch() const
{
    return typeface() && typeface()->isFixedPitch();
}

HarfBuzzFace* FontPlatformData::harfBuzzFace() const
{
    if (!m_harfBuzzFace)
        m_harfBuzzFace = HarfBuzzFace::create(const_cast<FontPlatformData*>(this), uniqueID());

    return m_harfBuzzFace.get();
}

} // namespace blink

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Year in and year out, Noel Thorpe turns in a spectacular performance as defensive coordinator of the Montreal Alouettes. Simply put, he is one of the best coaches that this league has to offer.
Since 2013, his troops have kept Montreal in far more games than they had any right to be in. Extremely dedicated to his craft, Thorpe makes good players into great ones and great players into legends. He's demanding and unapologetic in the fact that he expects the very best from his players every single day.
But incredibly, this constant success has left Thorpe at a crossroads of sorts. When it came time in recent years to seek a new head coach for the Montreal Alouettes, Noel was always the bridesmaid and never the bride. Passed over time and time again. One had to wonder if he will ever get the opportunity to show that he can handle everything aspect of the football field, not just the defense.
Thorpe is in the final year of a contract that he is essentially being forced to honor. The attempt in late 2015 to defect to the Edmonton Eskimos and be their DC was kiboshed by CFL commissioner Jeffrey Orridge, who determined that Thorpe and the Alouettes couldn't part ways so easily.
Regardless of what kind of season the Alouettes have, I can't help but feel that Noel Thorpe will finally get that chance to be a head coach when 2017 comes to a close. It just won't be with this organization. It may be one of the other CFL teams that comes calling. Or perhaps a USports team will lure him in with the promise of a healthy salary and complete autonomy, like what Danny Maciocia has with the Universite de Montreal.
If Noel Thorpe can post yet another outstanding football season with his defensive corps, I expect his stock in the coaching circles of this great nation to skyrocket yet again. But that's still several months from now.
It's time to take a look at the Montreal Alouettes defense for the 2017 season.
In years previous, the Alouettes made it a point to make their offensive line an all-Canadian affair. Starting this year, there's a shift in that thought process. We are now starting to see Montreal's D-Line take on a more Canuck flavoring. It may take 2-3 seasons, but we could soon seen this crucial element of the team be represented by all National players!
But until that day comes, there's still some great International talent on this D-Line. And it starts with the undisputed captain of this Alouettes defense, John Bowman. The Alouettes' all-time leader in sacks, they don't come much more feared than big Bow. Time is starting to catch up to him and Bowman has stated that he's taking his career on a year-by-year basis. His 28 defensive tackles and three forced fumbles last season led this defense by example. And ten times in 2016, John was able to do what he loves to do best; get his big mitts on the opposing quarterback and plant him into the ground. I expect that despite him being the elder statesman of this defense, Bowman will get every opportunity to do what he loves.
Book-ending this D-Line will be none other than a man who hunts wild game during the winter and quarterbacks during the summer. In 2016, Gabriel Knapton stepped up and became a force for the Alouettes. In just three short years, Gabe has racked up 137 defensive tackles and 29 sacks. He's now entering his prime with a new 2 year contract in hand and will be looking to ascend to the next level. I fully expect Knapton to become a household name in the CFL for 2017.
Now for the Canadian content! It starts with one of the Alouettes' hardest-working players in Michael Klassen. Last year the Alouettes were robbed of this man's talents due to an injury while playing in Edmonton versus the Eskimos. In 2015, Klassen also suffered a season-ending injury in that very same building. So perhaps when Montreal plays at Commonwealth Stadium on June 30th, Mike should consider calling in sick that day. If he stays healthy, Klassen will be a full-time starter on the interior.
Also looking to make a full-time name for himself is hometown boy Jesse Joseph. Last year he contributed on special teams and was a force, but this eventual shift to a National D-Line will likely mean a lot more time on the field for this powerhouse from Laval. Joseph also registered his first CFL QB sack last year in Winnipeg and will be looking to add more in 2017. Whatever you do, doncha dare sleep on this guy.
It's hard to replace an Alan-Michael Cash, who the Alouettes decided to part ways with when free agency hit. But Kavis had a back-up plan to replace this wildly talented individual. Meet Jabar Westerman, formerly of the BC Lions. Westerman came into this league hot, being named the Western nominee for 2012's Most Outstanding Rookie. He's put together some impressive stats, with 38 defensive tackles and 8 QB sacks over the past two seasons. Also entering his prime, he will play extremely well with Noel Thorpe's blitz-heavy schemes and should strike a lot of fear in the opposing quarterbacks.
Another name that should be on everyone's lips but won't be is that of former Edmonton Eskimo Donny Oramasionwu. Not because he isn't talented, but because even I am not 100% certain of how to pronounce his last name! Heaven help the RDS announcing crew who must say it with a French accent! Donny O does bring a solid veteran presence and a hard-working mentality to the Alouettes. He'll be eager to prove himself in Montreal and show that he still has a place in the CFL.
Rounding out the D-Line is free agent signing Keith Shologan, who's been a consistent performer in each of his nine CFL seasons. He's got championship experience, having played in four Grey Cup games and winning a ring in 2013 with the Saskatchewan Roughriders. It wasn't the best fit for him in Winnipeg last season, but Keith still managed to register a respectable 22 tackles and a pair of QB sacks. I expect that he will be in more of a mentoring role for the young defensive players that were taken in this year's CFL draft while providing some much-needed depth.
When it comes to this team's linebacking corps, one of the most feared in the CFL, one looks right away at the 2016 Most Outstanding Player for the Alouettes, Bear Woods. Simply put, Bear is one of the best middle linebackers that this league has to offer. Last season, he put up a ridiculous 126 defensive tackles, 5 QB sacks and a pair of interceptions. Woods plays with such a high motor that it's hard to believe that he managed to escape injury in 2016. Wildly popular with fans in Montreal, Bear keeps this Alouettes team competing and makes everyone around him that much better.
Another fan favourite in Montreal, Chip Cox is one of those linebackers that never seems to take a play off. Few in this league launch their bodies and hit harder than Chip does on the football field. Those four forced fumbles and his defensive TD last season are nothing to sneeze at either. Chip will be in tough as he is starting to get up there in age and some of the younger players will be looking to unseat this 11 year veteran. But Cox has only missed one game in those eleven years and I can't imagine him missing any others.
Kyries Hebert; the man is simply Mister Alouette! I've suggested that him getting better with age simply makes no logical sense. Hebert looks and plays better than guys ten years younger than him. Another who has made Montreal his full-time home, Ky has been all over the city at charity events that he's spear-headed as well as the scholastic awareness programs that the team does in Quebec schools. Last year, he stayed healthy and was a wrecking ball on the field. Like Cox, Hebert has the young pups nipping at his heels and will give them a real run for their money.
One of those youngsters is 2015 first-rounder Chris Ackie, who has bided his time on special teams for the past two seasons. With the departure of both Winston Venable and Nick Shortill, the time has come for Ackie to put his tremendous physical gifts to good use and assume a bigger role on this defense. 14 special teams tackles tells me that he's not afraid to hit people; it's time for his to start feasting on his opponents.
It's a homecoming of sorts for Frederic Plesius, who was acquired from the Hamilton Tiger-Cats for fellow linebacker Nick Shortill. The former standout from the Laval Rouge et Or had a brilliant university career, winning a pair of Vanier Cups. He's been a special teams demon for the Tabbies and will be asked to assume that role in Montreal, along with being able to rotate in on D when called upon.
To give you an idea just how good a coach Noel Thorpe is, the 2016 season saw 3 unknown rookies starting in the Alouettes' secondary. These rookies made mistakes and got burned by opposing receivers. But by year's end, they gelled and became a viable force that will only get better when the 2017 season gets underway.
Once again leading this squad is veteran Jovon Johnson, who was uncertain if there was still a role for him on ANY team when free agency hit. His persistent campaigning online worked as he was able to secure another deal with the Alouettes. With Billy Parker now retired and coaching the Alouettes' secondary, Johnson will be expected to lead by example on the field again and help further the future stars of this defense.
Another veteran that will provide leadership is long-time BC Lion Ryan Phillips, who was one of Kavis Reed's first big acquisitions when free agency opened this past February. This perennial all-star brings a pair of Grey Cup championships with him as well as 489 defensive tackles, 47 interceptions and 68 knockdowns. Simply put, this guy is a game-changer and will be looking to reinvent himself after years on the West Coast. You can say Ryan is like a defensive version of Nik Lewis; coming in ready to prove doubters wrong.
One of those aforementioned unknown rookies was Jonathon Mincy, whose star shined so brightly that he was the Alouettes' nominee for Most Outstanding Rookie. Only 24 years old, he turned in a solid season with 5 knockdowns, 2 forced fumbles and one interception. Mincy also played in all 18 games, earning the trust of his coaches and setting the bar for an even better 2017.
The first time I saw Greg Henderson play was in Montreal's pre-season game versus Winnipeg. He took a pair of dumb penalties that led to the Bombers winning that game. But the Alouettes' coaching staff saw something in Henderson, declaring that he had one of the best camps of 2016. This determined effort to make this kid a gamer took a while, but by season's end he really came into his own. Along with Mincy, I expect Henderson to keep turning heads as his Canadian football career starts to take shape.
The last name that you likely don't know or remember from the last year's rookie class is that of Raymon Taylor. He spent the first part of the season on the practice roster as the Alouettes were struggling with Ethan Davis (who has since been traded to Hamilton as part of the Brian Simmons deal). Once Raymon got into the lineup, it became harder and harder to keep him out of it. Cutting his teeth also on special teams, this Detroit native will be given plenty of opportunities to continue proving himself to this fan base.
Montreal discovered a hidden gem when they extended a training camp invite to the undrafted Dominique Termansen. A 2015 Vanier Cup champion with UBC, Termansen impressed early on and was able to parlay that into dressing for all 18 regular season games. Dominique's first CFL interception versus Hamilton was a thing of beauty after he subbed in for an injured Marc-Olivier Brouillette. His strong play in the second half of the season likely factored in the decision to allow Marc-O to sign as a free agent in Saskatchewan. I expect Termansen to be strongly considered as the Alouettes' full-time safety in 2017.
If nothing else, this defense will once again be the strength of the Montreal Alouettes as they look to re-establish themselves on offense. If this season truly will be the swan song for Coach Thorpe, he may as well go out a winner. He deserves nothing less.
Tune in tomorrow as we delve into the Alouettes' special teams unit.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Saint Bernardine of Siena
Image: Saint Bernadine of Siena | Vincenzo Foppa
Saint of the Day for May 20
(September 8, 1380 – May 20, 1444)
Saint Bernardine of Siena's Story
Most of the saints suffer great personal opposition, even persecution. Bernardine, by contrast, seems more like a human dynamo who simply took on the needs of the world.
He was the greatest preacher of his time, journeying across Italy, calming strife-torn cities, attacking the paganism he found rampant, attracting crowds of 30,000, following Saint Francis of Assisi's admonition to preach about "vice and virtue, punishment and glory."
Compared with Saint Paul by the pope, Bernardine had a keen intuition of the needs of the time, along with solid holiness and boundless energy and joy. He accomplished all this despite having a very weak and hoarse voice, miraculously improved later because of his devotion to Mary.
When he was 20, the plague was at its height in his hometown of Siena. Sometimes as many as 20 people died in one day at the hospital. Bernardine offered to run the hospital and, with the help of other young men, nursed patients there for four months. He escaped the plague, but was so exhausted that a fever confined him for several months. He spent another year caring for a beloved aunt whose parents had died when he was a child, and at her death began to fast and pray to know God's will for him.
At 22, he entered the Franciscan Order and was ordained two years later. For almost a dozen years he lived in solitude and prayer, but his gifts ultimately caused him to be sent to preach. He always traveled on foot, sometimes speaking for hours in one place, then doing the same in another town.
Especially known for his devotion to the Holy Name of Jesus, Bernardine devised a symbol—IHS, the first three letters of the name of Jesus in Greek—in Gothic letters on a blazing sun. This was to displace the superstitious symbols of the day, as well as the insignia of factions: for example, Guelphs and Ghibellines. The devotion spread, and the symbol began to appear in churches, homes and public buildings. Opposition arose from those who thought it a dangerous innovation. Three attempts were made to have the pope take action against him, but Bernardine's holiness, orthodoxy, and intelligence were evidence of his faithfulness.
General of the Friars of the Strict Observance, a branch of the Franciscan Order, Bernardine strongly emphasized scholarship and further study of theology and canon law. When he started there were 300 friars in the community; when he died there were 4,000. He returned to preaching the last two years of his life, dying while traveling.
Another dynamic saint once said, "…I will not be a burden, for I want not what is yours, but you…. I will most gladly spend and be utterly spent for your sakes" (2 Corinthians 12:14). There is danger that we see only the whirlwind of activity in the Bernardines of faith—taking care of the sick, preaching, studying, administering, always driving—and forget the source of their energy. We should not say that Bernardine could have been a great contemplative if he had had the chance. He had the chance, every day, and he took it.
Saint Bernardine of Siena is the Patron Saint of:


To understand how ELOHIM is used of the true God, it is essential to understand how it can be used in such a variety of ways. ELOHIM is a masculine plural noun. ELOHIM, the singular form of the word, appears 54 times and is also used in reference to both the true God and to false gods. ELOAH is from the Hebrew EL, which appears 226 times. EL signifies strength and power.
The "im" ending on a Hebrew word (as in ELOHIM) makes the word plural, like putting an "s" on the end of many English words. But, unlike the English language, the plural form of a Hebrew word may not signify more than one. Though the Hebrew plural can certainly refer to more than one (and the Hebrew language also has a dual ending, signifying two), the Hebrew also uses plural forms when only one subject is in view, to indicate intensity (something like the "est" ending on some English words), fullness, something that flows, or multiplicity of attributes.
Whenever ELOHIM refers to the one true God, it is always accompanied by singular verbs, although ELOHIM is plural. Whenever ELOHIM refers to more than one false god, it is accompanied by plural verbs. This is significant. Grammatically, when ELOHIM refers to the one true God only, although the word is plural. If the reason ELOHIM is used of the true God is to indicate He is more than one, plural verbs would have to be used.
For example, in the first verse of the Bible, the third person masculine singular verb "created: is used with ELOHIM. Since the verb is singular, it is required that He who did the creating is singular. In this case, the only option left to explain the plural form of ELOHIM is that ELOHIM refers to the fullness and intensity of the many majestic attributes of the one true God.
In Exodus 32:4, where ELOHIM is used of a plurality of false gods, the verb "brought...up out: is third person common plural. The plural verb demands that ELOHIM be referring to more than one false god. Although in this case only one golden calf was made, it apparently represented to the Israelites the worship of cows, considered sacred by the Egyptians. Thus the one calf represented to them more than just itself; it represented the gods of the Egyptians. In Deuteronomy 4:28 a series of third person masculine plural verbs, "see," "hear," "eat," and "smell," are used to describe the inabilities of false gods (ELOHIM) This demonstrates that if the intention of Elohim is to indicate more than one, plural verbs will be used. If the intention of ELOHIM is to indicate only one, singular verbs are used.
The "im" ending on a Hebrew word (as in ELOHIM) makes the word plural, like putting an "s" on the end of many English words. But, unlike the English language, the plural form of a Hebrew word may not signify more than one. Though the Hebrew plural can certainly refer to more than one (and the Hebrew language also has a dual ending, signifying two), the Hebrew also uses plural forms when only one subject is in view, to indicate intensity (something like the "est" ending on some English words), fullness, something that flows, or multiplicity of attributes.
For example, in the first verse of the Bible, the third person masculine singular verb "created: is used with ELOHIM. Since the verb is singular, it is required that He who did the creating is singular. In this case, the only option left to explain the plural form of ELOHIM is that ELOHIM refers to the fullness and intensity of the many majestic attributes of the one true God.
In Exodus 32:4, where ELOHIM is used of a plurality of false gods, the verb "brought…up out: is third person common plural. The plural verb demands that ELOHIM be referring to more than one false god. Although in this case only one golden calf was made, it apparently represented to the Israelites the worship of cows, considered sacred by the Egyptians. Thus the one calf represented to them more than just itself; it represented the gods of the Egyptians. In Deuteronomy 4:28 a series of third person masculine plural verbs, "see," "hear," "eat," and "smell," are used to describe the inabilities of false gods (ELOHIM) This demonstrates that if the intention of Elohim is to indicate more than one, plural verbs will be used. If the intention of ELOHIM is to indicate only one, singular verbs are used.


First light a whole bunch of candles out on the porch . . .
Crisp the pancetta. Add sage in the last couple of minutes and sauté lightly.
Cook the pasta al dente in well-salted water and toss lightly with mascarpone and the pancetta and sage.
Fry egg fast and place on top, with a little pepper and a scattering of the Parm.
Each plate gets one egg on top to sauce.
This entry was posted in Recipes, Romantic Comfort Food. Bookmark the permalink.


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Q: Is deeply nested view hierarchy in iOS ok? In Android it is recommended that the view hierarchy depth be kept under 10, and strictly under 20 or else your app is very likely to perform poorly or crash (UI thread only a tiny 8-16kB of stack space)
Does this hold true for iOS, with or without autolayout (why or why not) ?

A: Views in iOS are backed by OpenGL and have amazing performance. I've personality gone as deep as 50 views with no problems. I don't recommend making the depth bigger than necessary, but when the situation calls for it, it is viable.

A: Update:
It is actually quite bad if you are using autolayout, as constraints solving has polynomial complexity (cassowary is linear in the sense that it solves linear equations)

*

*http://floriankugler.com/2013/04/22/auto-layout-performance-on-ios/

*http://pilky.me/36/
UIView itself is very fast as posts here suggest, however. I ended up replacing autolayout with an alternative system.
TLDR: UIView/CALayer is fast. Autolayout is not.

A: I've never seen any such recommendation for iOS. As always, you should implement your code and view hierarchy as straightforward as possible. After that, measure your performance and tweak if needed. Avoid premature optimization as much as possible.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Blackbird9's Breakfast Club Podcast # 132 - 2018.09.19
Crowley's Black Magick Tarot Distraction
Frederick C. Blackburn (also known as BlackBird9) studied engineering to become an electrical engineer and had a career in IT. He had a Top Secret clearance in the USA. He gave lectures to: Military and Naval Intelligence personnel as well as NSA, CIA and FBI personnel about cell phone and other technologies.
Keeping you up to date - One Knowledge Sphere at a time
Blackbird9's TradingPosts
BB9 on Spreaker
Tribal Advisers & Expulsions Over the Ages
Charles Giuliani is a writer and radio host who is best known for his show Truth Hertz on Oracle Broadcasting. Giuliani was previously an Evangelical but during the latter part of the 2000s became an atheist and his show is strongly critical of religion, particularly what he calls "The Jew Book." Giuliani discusses a wide variety of topics including Jewish supremacism, revisionist history, religion and false flags. After Oracle, Giuliani spent some time on Waking America Radio Network, but moved to the Mami's Shit affiliated Outside Radio. In May 2014. He moved to American Nationalist Network, then to Renegade Broadcasting in September 2015.
Volume Variations Adjusted
A Reply To Matt McManus's Review Of Canada In Decay
by Prof. Ricardo Duchesne
Part I | Part II
Canadians who fought in WWII: Liberals or Fascists?
My books have been the beneficiary of excellent reviews. The Uniqueness of Western Civilization (2011) was reviewed extensively in various languages, eight of which were full review essays published in both standard academic journals and conservative/dissident right journals. Canada in Decay has received two review essays thus far. I expected this book to be attacked because it is the only book written by an academic who questions the misleading ideology that all Western nations must be diversified if they are to live up to their liberal-democratic principles. I am not surprised, therefore, by the extremely unfair, and carelessly constructed, review penned by Matt McManus. But this does not mean I will let this review go unanswered. McManus's review is a reputational attack aimed at suppressing my academic freedom by identifying me, without any attention to the arguments and facts of Canada in Decay, as a "white supremacist".
The views McManus expresses against me are standard fare in our universities, where no open debate is allowed on the most crucial question of our times: in what ways do Europeans stand to benefit economically and culturally from the continuous arrival of millions of immigrants? Everyone, and it starts in our primary schools, is mandated to believe that "diversity is our greatest strength" and that any form of European ethnic identity is inherently illiberal.
What surprises me about academics with PhDs, who should know better, is how conceptually inept they show themselves to be whenever they debate the relationship between the imposition of diversity and the nature and history of Western culture. They are always caught up in a bind created by their own contradictory claim that modern Western liberalism has been deeply marred by racist assumptions and practices, while in the same vein insisting that their efforts to diversify the West are conterminous with the ideals of Western liberalism. Academics take it as a given that opposition to diversity is inherently illiberal and racist. They can't understand, accordingly, how someone can possibly attack immigrant multiculturalism, as I do, in the name of liberal values, in full agreement with the "critical thinking" universities are supposed to cherish, and in admiration of the ideals of Enlightenment thinkers.
McManus is a Cultural Marxist
Who Conflates Zionism and Judaism?
Every Sabbath the good people of Ann Arbor protest against their local synagogue. They have been doing it for 15 years.
The Real World of Money with Andrew Gause 2018.09.19
Andy Gause is one of the most respected monetary historians and contemporary experts on the American and international banking systems. Andy has a tremendous understanding of our monetary and economic systems and has attracted a wide following with over 1,000 TV and radio appearances. Andy publishes a newsletter and has authored two books.
Show Highlights: HERE
The Real World of Money Archive
Andy's site
Ellen Brown says China may put banks out of business; Charles Hudson asks "Could Jared Kushner be the Antichrist?"
NoLiesRadio
The David Duke Show 2018.09.19
Dr. David Ernest Duke (born 1 July 1950) is a European American best known as an advocate for the rights of Europeans in the United States and around the world as well as criticisms of Jewish supremacism. Duke has been a prolific author, politician and media personality whose works have reached very large audiences. Consequently he has often been attacked and misrepresented in various ways.
Today: Dr Duke and Dr Slattery on Zio Katz (Cohencidence) Attack against Kavanaugh & The Phoney Zio Jew-Left and Jew-Right Divide!
DavidDuke.com
The Andrew Carrington Hitchcock Show 785 - 2018.09.19
Andrew Carrington Hitchcock (born ca. 1973) is the author of the widely imitated and hugely influential modern historical work, "The Synagogue of Satan", which has been translated into numerous languages and featured on bestseller lists worldwide. His second book is entitled "In The Name of Yahweh". "The Synagogue Of Satan," was an education in who controls the world and how they do it, "In The Name Of Yahweh," shows us why they are in control, and how their control can be broken.
Dr. Peter Hammond – The Real Crisis In South Africa
Andrew Carrington Hitchcock.com
EuroFolkRadio.com
Your stupid browser does not support the audio element.
Russ Winter on the Parasite Guild
Russ Winter returns to Our Interesting Times to discuss his Parasite Guild series of articles. We talk about the various scams and intrigues of the criminal syndicate that run the global economic order and how this cabal of bankers and financiers use monetary debasement and debt to enrich themselves and enslave humanity.
Russ is an independent researcher and proprietor of WinterWatch.
MidWeek Cartoons: September 19, 2018
Download Hour 1 - Mike McGill - Trump's Huge Trade War With China What Does It Mean?
Download Hour 2 - Gordon Duff - Israel Caused Russian Recon Plane To Be Shot Down And Putin's Cave-In To Zion
Download Hour 3 - David Brinsko - Directed Energy Resonance Weapons
Davis Lurmann's 'Right Perspective' 2018.09.18
The role of Davis Lurmann's 'Right Perspective' is to question the conventional narrative fed to us daily by the mainstream media (and some in the alt-media alike), unpack current events using key sound-bytes, media deconstruction, deep analysis & commentary, provide historical context & forecast what's to come (given the trajectory we've been set upon by 'the powers that shouldn't be' in the deep state).
RightPerspectiveRadio.com
Renegade Archive
Revolution.Radio Studio B
Blackbird9's Breakfast Club Podcast # 132 - 2018.0...


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Antimicrobial activities of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Lycopersicon esculentum extract
Swarnali Maiti1,
Deepak Krishnan2,
Gadadhar Barman1,
Sudip Kumar Ghosh2 &
Jayasree Konar Laha1
Journal of Analytical Science and Technology volume 5, Article number: 40 (2014) Cite this article
It has been known for quite some time now that silver nanoparticles (AgNP) can inhibit microbial growth and even kill microbes. Our investigation reports the antimicrobial activity of AgNP against a model bacterium, Escherichia coli.
The aqueous extract of Lycopersicon esculentum (red tomato) was used for the rapid synthesis of AgNP, which is very simple and eco-friendly in nature. The UV-visible spectroscopy technique was employed to establish the formation of AgNP.
The transmission electron microscopic images showed that the particles were of mostly spherical shape. For the bacteriological tests, the microorganism E. coli was inoculated on Luria broth (LB) agar plate in the presence of varied amounts of AgNP. The antibacterial activity was obvious from the zone of inhibition. At concentration 20 μg/ml and above, the AgNP showed a clear zone of inhibition and the minimum inhibitory concentration of AgNP to E. coli was 50 μg/ml. Growth rates and bacterial concentrations were determined by measuring optical density at 600 nm at different time points.
From the slope of the bacterial growth curve, it has been concluded that the nanoparticles are bacteriostatic at low concentration and bactericidal at high concentration. So these nanoparticles are believed to act as preventive for bacterial contamination.
Antimicrobial activities of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Lycopersicon esculentum extract.
Disease-causing microbes that have become resistant to drug therapy are an increasing public health problem. Many researchers are now engaged in developing new effective antimicrobial reagents with the emergence and increase of microbial organisms resistant to multiple antibiotics, which will increase the cost of health care. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new bactericides. Silver has been used for years in the medical field for antimicrobial applications such as burn treatment (Parikh et al. [2005]; Ulkur et al [2005]), elimination of microorganisms on textile fabrics (Jeong et al. [2005]; Lee et al. [2007]; Yuranova et al. [2003]), disinfection in water treatment (Russell and Hugo [1994]; Chou et al. [2005]), prevention of bacteria colonization on catheters (Samuel and Guggenbichler [2004]; Alt et al. [2004]; Rupp et al. [2004]), etc. It has also been found to prevent HIV from binding to host cells (Sun et al. [2005]), but the effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) on microorganisms have not been developed fully. Nanosilver, being less reactive than silver ions, is expected to be more suitable for medical applications. Reducing the particle size of metals is also an efficient and reliable tool for improving their biocompatibility, which facilitates their applications in different fields such as bioscience and medicine. The mechanism of the bacterial effect of AgNP as proposed is due to the attachment of AgNP to the surface of the cell membrane, thus disrupting permeability and respiration functions of the cell (Kevitec et al. [2008]). It is also proposed that AgNP not only interact with the surface of a membrane but can also penetrate inside the bacteria (Morones et al. [2005]). The antibacterial activity of AgNP is significantly enhanced when it is modified with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (Kevitec et al. 2005; Carpenter [1972]).
In this study, we have investigated the antimicrobial effects of silver nanoparticles prepared by a biosynthesis method. The chemical reduction method is widely used to synthesize AgNP because AgNP could be synthesized under a mild as well as on a large scale (Cao et al. [2010]). However, the use of environmentally benign materials like plant leaf extract, bacteria, and fungi for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles is more acceptable as they offer several benefits over chemical methods like conditions of high temperature, pressure, and toxic chemicals which are not required in the synthesis protocol (Singh et al. [2010]). Therefore, preparation of AgNP by a green synthesis approach has compatibility for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.
In the present work, the synthesis of silver nanoparticles has been carried out using the aqueous extract of Lycopersicon esculentum (red tomato). The water extract of tomato juice mostly contains proteins and water-soluble organic acids (Gould [1983]) which are believed to act as stabilizing and reducing agents, respectively. With these nanoparticles, a preliminary test for antibacterial activity was carried out by cup diffusion method and the effects of AgNP on bacterial growth has been studied by employing minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. Results obtained by us prove that AgNP prepared by the green method is suitable for the formulation of new types of bactericidal materials.
Characterization and optimization of AgNP preparation
The absorbance spectra of the AgNP were analyzed by using a 'SHIMADZU' UV 1800 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan). AgNP exhibited a reddish yellow color in water due to the excitation of the localized surface plasmon vibrations of the metal nanoparticles. Generally, the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) bands are influenced by the size, shape, morphology, composition, and dielectric environment of the synthesized nanoparticles (Kelly et al. [2003]; Stepanov [1997]). Previous studies showed that spherical AgNP contribute to the absorption bands at around 400 nm in the UV-visible spectra (Maiti et al. [2013]; Barman et al. [2014]). The SPR band due to AgNP was observed in our case at around 410 nm (Figure 1) when 3 × 10−3 M silver nitrate solution was used. This strongly suggested that AgNP were nearly spherical in shape and it was confirmed by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results.
UV-Vis spectra and digital photographic images of AgNP. (A) UV-Vis spectra of AgNP: spectrum 1A-A with surfactant SDS, spectrum 1A-B with surfactant TX-100, spectrum 1A-C without any surfactant, and spectrum 1A-D is for pure Lycopersicon esculentum extract. (B) UV-Vis spectra of AgNP at different compositions of Lycopersicon esculentum extract. (C) UV-Vis spectra of AgNP with varying concentrations of silver nitrate (a) at 3 × 10−3 M, (b) at 1 × 10−2 M, and (c) at 5 × 10−2 M using 1:1 extract composition and 3 × 10−3 M SDS solution in each case. (D) Digital photographic images of AgNP produced from different concentrations of silver nitrate.
In this study, AgNP have been synthesized both in the presence and in the absence of a stabilizer and both anionic and neutral surfactants were used one at a time. Though soluble proteins and amino acids present in L. esculentum extract were expected to act as stabilizer for nanoparticles (Barman et al. [2013]), a smooth and narrow absorption band of AgNP at 410 nm was observed only in the presence of SDS of 3 × 10−3 M (Figure 1A). So we preferred to synthesize AgNP using SDS as the stabilizing agent.
An absorption band was observed at 410 nm for 1:1 extract composition. The plasmon band shifted to higher values with the increase of the concentrations of tomato in aqueous extracts and reached to 415 nm for 3:2 composition (Figure 1B). At concentrations higher than 3:2 composition, the plasmon band shifted to higher values and the extinction coefficient of the band decreased appreciably. However, tomato extract of 1:1 composition was used throughout the work.
A bathochromic shift of the SPR bands from 388 to 445 nm was observed while the concentration of AgNO3 varied from 3 × 10−3 to 5 × 10−2 M keeping the extract composition constant at 1:1 using SDS of 3 × 10−3 M (Figure 1C). When the particle size increased, the absorption peak shifted towards the red wavelength, which indicated the formation of larger sized nanoparticles (Peng et al. [2010]).
The shape and size distribution of the synthesized AgNP were characterized by TEM study. The TEM images were taken using JEOL JEM-2100 high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM; JEOL Ltd., Akishima-shi, Japan). Samples for the TEM studies were prepared by placing a drop of the aqueous suspension of particles on carbon-coated copper grids followed by solvent evaporation under vacuum. The TEM images of AgNP produced from 1:1 composition of tomato extract showed that the particles were mostly spherical and their sizes varied from 10 to 40 nm. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern illustrated the crystalline nature of AgNP (Figure 2).
TEM micrographs and SAED pattern of AgNP. TEM micrographs of AgNP synthesized from Lycopersicon esculentum extract (A, B). SAED pattern of AgNP synthesized from Lycopersicon esculentum extract (C).
Antibacterial activity of AgNP against the microorganism
Preliminary test for antibacterial activity
The antimicrobial activity of AgNP was evaluated against Escherichia coli by cup diffusion method. Approximately 106 colony-forming units (CFU) of the microorganism E. coli were inoculated on Luria broth (LB) agar plate, and then different concentrations of AgNP (1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, and 200 μg/ml) were added to the well present in the LB agar plate. A reaction mixture containing no AgNP was put in the well in the LB plate and cultured under the same condition as the control test. All the LB plates were incubated at 37°C overnight. After incubation, the plates were observed for the presence of a zone of inhibition. The antibacterial activity of AgNP was proved from the zone of inhibition (Figure 3). At concentration 20 μg/ml and above, the AgNP showed a clear zone of inhibition. No zone of inhibition was found in the vehicle control well (spot in the middle of the plate) which suggested that the antimicrobial activity was specifically due to AgNP.
Antibacterial activity of AgNP. Antibacterial activity of AgNP having different concentrations: (A) 1, 2, 5, and 10 μg/ml and (B) 20, 50, 100, and 200 μg/ml, with 106 CFU of E. coli inoculated on Luria broth agar plate. The 'B' spot in the middle of the agar plate is for the blank test, having no AgNP.
Evaluation of antibacterial effectiveness using minimum inhibitory concentration method
The antimicrobial activity of AgNP was evaluated using the MIC method. The antimicrobial effectiveness was determined against the bacterial concentration of 106 CFU/ml with different concentrations of AgNP (0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 μg/ml). The cultures were incubated at 37°C at 250 rpm. Bacterial concentrations were determined by measuring optical density (OD) at 600 nm (0.1 OD600 corresponding to 108 cells per milliliter). With the increase of concentration of nanoparticles, the final bacterial concentration decreased. When the concentration of AgNP was 50 μg/ml, growth of E. coli was completely inhibited, which indicated that the MIC of AgNP to E. coli was 50 μg/ml (Figure 4).
Optical density vs concentration of AgNP. MIC assay 50 μg/ml.
Effect of AgNP on bacterial growth
To determine the growth curve in the presence of silver nanoparticles, E. coli bacteria were grown in liquid LB medium till they reached the log phase. Then they were diluted in fresh LB liquid medium to optical density (OD600) 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2. AgNP solution was added into the cell culture medium at different concentrations, and the culture was incubated at 37°C and 250 rpm. Growth rates and bacterial concentrations were determined by measuring OD at 600 nm at different time points (Figure 5A,B,C).
Growth curves with initial OD 0.05 (A), 0.10 (B), and 0.20 (C).
The slope of the bacterial growth curve continuously decreased with increasing nanoparticle concentration. This means that at low concentration of nanoparticles, the growth of bacteria was delayed and at higher concentration, growth was completely inhibited. So it can be concluded that the nanoparticles are bacteriostatic at low concentration and bactericidal at high concentration. It was also clear from the graphs that the bacterial growth was dependent on the initial number of cells present in the medium. It was observed that at lower initial OD, the AgNP concentration necessary to completely inhibit bacterial growth was also low. So silver nanoparticles produced by us will be suitable for preventing bacterial contamination.
Chemical antimicrobial agents are increasingly becoming resistant to a wide spectrum of antibiotics. An alternative way to overcome the drug resistance of various microorganisms is therefore urgently needed. Ag ions and silver salts have been used for decades (Silver and Phung [1996]) as antimicrobial agents in various fields due to their growth-inhibitory abilities against microorganisms. However, there are some limitations in using Ag ions or Ag salts as antimicrobial agents. Probable reasons include the interfering effects of salts. This type of limitation can be removed by using silver in nano form. Due to the increase of the surface area in nano state, the contact area between Ag(0) and that of the microorganism increases. To use AgNP against microbes in various fields, it is important and necessary to prepare AgNP in a green environment. In this study, we report a green method for the preparation of AgNP which is environmentally benign and cost-effective.
For the assessment of the antimicrobial effects of AgNP, E. coli was used in our study. The effect was investigated by growing E. coli on agar plates and in liquid LB medium, supplemented with AgNP. The bacterial growth was completely inhibited in the presence of AgNP on the LB agar plate. The inhibition solely depended upon the AgNP concentration. It showed a clear zone of inhibition at and above the concentration 20 μg/ml.
To study the antimicrobial effectiveness of AgNP, we treated a bacterial concentration at high CFU (106/ml) with varying concentrations of AgNP from 0.2 to 100 μg/ml. When the concentration of AgNP was increased, the bacterial concentration was found to decrease. At concentration 50 μg/ml of AgNP, the growth of E. coli was completely inhibited, which indicated that the minimum inhibitory concentration was 50 μg/ml (Figure 4). Since high CFU are seldom found in real-life systems, it may be concluded that these AgNP have a biocidal effect and effectiveness in delaying bacterial growth, findings which may lead to valuable inventions in the future in various fields like in antimicrobial systems as well as medical devices.
The slope of the bacterial growth curves (Figure 5A,B,C) continuously decreased with increasing nanoparticle concentration. This indicated that at low concentration of nanoparticles, bacterial growth was delayed and growth was completely inhibited at higher concentrations. So it appears that these particles are bacteriostatic at low concentration and bactericidal at high concentration. It is also clear from the graphs that the bacterial growth is dependent on the initial number of cells present in the medium. It was observed that at lower initial OD, the AgNP concentration necessary to completely inhibit bacterial growth was also low. So it is confirmed that these nanoparticles may be used to prevent bacterial contamination.
The mechanism of the inhibitory effects of Ag ions on microorganisms is partially known. It is reported that the positive charge on the silver ion is the reason for antimicrobial activity as it can attract the negatively charged cell membrane of microorganisms through the electrostatic interaction (Dibrov et al. [2002]; Hamouda et al. [2000]). Due to their unique size and greater surface area, silver nanoparticles can easily reach the nuclear content of bacteria (Chen et al. [2010]; Chudasama et al. [2009]). A survey of the literature showed that the electrostatic attraction between negatively charged bacterial cells and positively charged nanoparticles was crucial for the antibacterial activity (Stoimenov et al. [2000]). The AgNP used in this study, however, received negative charge from SDS, an anionic surfactant, used during synthesis. The bacterium E. coli being gram-negative, the interaction with the negatively charged nanoparticles might have occurred through 'pit' formation in the cell wall of the bacteria (Sondi and Salopek-Sondi [2004]) which helped the permeability and resulted in cell death.
Silver nitrate and SDS, both of AR grade, were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Ltd. (St Louis, MO, USA) Sodium hydroxide was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Double-distilled de-ionized water was used in all experiments.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by L. esculentum extract
Silver nanoparticles were made according to the recipe described below. For this purpose, red tomato (L. esculentum) was collected from the local market and washed with double-distilled de-ionized water. The tomato skin was removed and the whole mass was squeezed to get tomato juice. Then it was diluted two times and filtered using a Whatman filter paper to get the aqueous extract of the red tomato.
AgNP were produced by reduction of silver nitrate solution by using red tomato extract. Ten milliliters of aqueous red tomato extract was mixed with 10 ml of 3 × 10−3 M SDS solution and cooled in ice-cold water for few minutes. The solution was made alkaline (pH 9) with 0.15 N sodium hydroxide solution. After that, 8 ml of 3 × 10−3 M aqueous silver nitrate was added into it dropwise with continuous stirring. The mixture was then heated for 20 min at 80°C. The color of the solution gradually changed from colorless to reddish yellow. The reddish yellow color indicated the formation of AgNP.
We have described a simple and green method for the synthesis of AgNP by using the aqueous extract of red tomato. The formation of AgNP was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy. The TEM images showed that the particles were mostly spherical. These biosynthesized AgNP were then used to demonstrate antimicrobial activity against a model bacterium, E. coli. The antibacterial activity of AgNP was apparent from the zone of inhibition. At concentrations 20 μg/ml and above, the AgNP showed a clear zone of inhibition and the MIC of AgNP to E. coli was 50 μg/ml. Growth rates and bacterial concentrations were determined by measuring OD at 600 nm at different time points. From the slope of the bacterial growth curve, it has been concluded that the nanoparticles are bacteriostatic at low concentration and bactericidal at high concentration. So these nanoparticles are believed to act as preventive for bacterial contamination.
Alt V, Bechert T, Streinrucke P, Wagener M, Seidel P, Dingeldein E, Domanne E, Schnettler R: An in vitro assessment of the antibacterial properties and cytotoxicity of nanoparticulate silver bone cement. Biomaterials 2004, 25: 4383-4391. 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.10.078
Barman G, Maiti S, Konar LJ: Bio-fabrication of gold nanoparticles using aqueous extract of red tomato and its use as a colorimetric sensor. Nanoscale Res Lett 2013, 8: 181-189. 10.1186/1556-276X-8-181
Barman G, Samanta A, Maiti S, Konar LJ: Detection of Cu+2 ion by the synthesis of bio-mass-silver nanoparticle nanocomposite. Int J Scientific and Engg Res 2014, 5(6):1086-1097.
Cao XL, Cheng C, Ma YL, Zhao CS: Preparation of silver nanoparticles with antimicrobial activities and the researches of their biocompatibilities. J Mater Sci Mater M 2010, 21: 2861-2868. 10.1007/s10856-010-4133-2
Carpenter PL: Microbiology. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia; 1972.
Chou WL, Yu DG, Yang MC: The preparation and characterization of silver-loading cellulose acetate hollow fibre membrane for water treatment. Polym Adv Technol 2005, 16: 600-607. 10.1002/pat.630
Chen SF, Li JP, Quin K, Xu WP: Large scale photochemical synthesis of M@TiO2 nanocomposites (M = Ag, Pd, Au, Pt) and their optical properties, Co oxidation performance and antibacterial effect. Nano Res 2010, 3: 244-255. 10.1007/s12274-010-1027-z
Chudasama B, Vala AV, Andharya N, Upadhyay RV, Mehta RV: Enhanced antibacterial activity of bifunctional Fe3O4 core-shell nanostructures. Nano Res 2009, 2: 955-965. 10.1007/s12274-009-9098-4
Dibrov P, Dzoiba J, Gosink KK, Häse CC: Chemiosmotic mechanism of antimicrobial activity of Ag(+) in vibrio cholera. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002, 46: 2668-2770. 10.1128/AAC.46.8.2668-2670.2002
Gould WA: Tomato production, processing and quality evaluation. AVI Publishing Company, Inc, Westport, CT; 1983.
Hamouda T, Myc A, Donovan B, Shih A, Reuter JD, Baker RJ: A novel surfactant nanoemulsion with a unique non-irritant topical antimicrobial against bacteria, enveloped viruses and fungi. Microbial Res 2000, 156: 1. 10.1078/0944-5013-00069
Jeong SH, Yeo SY, Yi SC: The effect of filler particle size on the antibacterial properties of compounded polymer/silver fibres. J Mater Sci 2005, 40: 5407-5411. 10.1007/s10853-005-4339-8
Kelly KL, Coronado E, Zhao LL, Schatz GC: The optical properties of metal nanoparticles: the influence of size, shape and dielectric environment. J Phys Chem B 2003, 107: 668-677. 10.1021/jp026731y
Kevitec L, Panacek A, Soukupova J, Kolar M, Vecerova R, Prucek R: Effect of surfactants and polymers on stability and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles (NPs). J Phys Chem 2008, 112(15):5825-5834.
Lee HY, Park HK, Lee YM, Kim K, Park SB (2007) A practical procedure for producing silver nanocoated fabric and its antibacterial evaluation for biomedical applications. Chem Commun 2959–2961
Maiti S, Barman G, Konar LJ: Synthesis of silver nanoparticles having different morphologies and its application in estimation of chlorpyrifos. Adv Sci Focus 2013, 1: 145-150. 10.1166/asfo.2013.1028
Morones JR, Elechiguerra JL, Camacho A, Holt K, Kouri JT, Ramirez JT: The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 2005, 16: 2346-2361. 10.1088/0957-4484/16/10/059
Parikh DV, Fink T, Rajasekharan K, Sachinvala ND, Sawhney APS, Calamari TA, Parikh AD: Antimicrobial silver/sodium carboxymethyl cotton dressings for burn wounds. Text Res J 2005, 75: 134-138. 10.1177/004051750507500208
Peng S, Mc Mahon JM, Schatz GC, Gray SK, Sun Y: Reversing the size-dependence of surface plasmon resonances. PNAS 2010, 107: 14530-14534. 10.1073/pnas.1007524107
Rupp ME, Fitzgerald T, Marion N, Helget V, Puumala S, Anderson JR, Fey PD: Effect of silver-coated urinary catheters: efficacy, cost-effectiveness antimicrobial resistance. Am J Infect Control 2004, 32: 445-450. 10.1016/j.ajic.2004.05.002
Russell AD, Hugo WB: Antimicrobial activity and action of silver. Prog Med Chem 1994, 31: 351-370. 10.1016/S0079-6468(08)70024-9
Samuel U, Guggenbichler JP: Prevention of catheter-related infections: the potential of a new nanosilver impregnated catheter. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2004, 23: 75-78. 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2003.12.004
Silver S, Phung LT: Bacterial heavy metal resistance: new surprises. Annu Rev Microbiol 1996, 50: 753-789. 10.1146/annurev.micro.50.1.753
Singh A, Jain D, Upadhyay MK, Khandlewal N, Verma HN: Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Argemone mexicana leaf extract and evaluation of their antimicrobial activities. Dig J Nanomater Bios 2010, 5: 483-489.
Sondi I, Salopek-Sondi B: Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: a case study on E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria. J Colloid Interface Sci 2004, 275: 177-182. 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.02.012
Stepanov AL: Optical properties of metal nanoparticles synthesized in a polymer by ion implantation: a review. Tech Phys 1997, 49: 143. 10.1134/1.1648948
Stoimenov PK, Klinger RL, Marchin GL, Klabunde KJ: Metal oxide nanoparticles as bactericidal agents. Langmuir 2000, 18: 6679-6686. 10.1021/la0202374
Sun RW, Chen R, Chung NP, Ho CM, Lin CL, Che CM: Silver nanoparticles fabricated in Hepes buffer exhibit cytoprotective activities toward HIV-1 infected cells. Chem Commun 2005, 40: 5059-5061. 10.1039/b510984a
Ulkur E, Oncul O, Karagoz H, Yeniz E, Celikoz B: Comparison of silver-coated dressing (ActicoatTM), chlorhexidine acetate 0.5% (Bactigrass®), and fusidic acid 2% (Fucidin®) for topical antibacterial effect in methicillin-resistant Staphylococci-contaminated, full-skin thickness rat burn wounds. Burns 2005, 31: 874-877. 10.1016/j.burns.2005.05.002
Yuranova T, Rincon AG, Bozzi A, Parra S, Pulgarin C, Albers P, Kiwi J: Antibacterial textiles prepared by RF-plasma and vacuum-UV mediated deposition of silver. Photochem Photobiol A 2003, 161: 27-34. 10.1016/S1010-6030(03)00204-1
We are thankful to Central Research Facility at IIT Kharagpur, India, for the HR-TEM measurements.
Midnapore College, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
Swarnali Maiti, Gadadhar Barman & Jayasree Konar Laha
Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
Deepak Krishnan & Sudip Kumar Ghosh
Swarnali Maiti
Deepak Krishnan
Gadadhar Barman
Sudip Kumar Ghosh
Jayasree Konar Laha
Correspondence to Jayasree Konar Laha.
SM and DK carried out the experiments. SM, GB, and DK drafted the manuscript. JKL and SKG guided the research and modified the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Maiti, S., Krishnan, D., Barman, G. et al. Antimicrobial activities of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Lycopersicon esculentum extract. J Anal Sci Technol 5, 40 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-014-0040-3
Received: 26 July 2014
Accepted: 21 October 2014
Silver nanoparticle
Green synthesis
Lycopersicon esculentum


text:
Tourney-Tested Scots Setting Bar High Again
Posted Wednesday, April 24, 2019
CALEDONIA – The Caledonia softball team celebrated the program's first MHSAA championship a year ago with a 6-4 win over Hartland in the MHSAA Division 1 Final.
With 11 players from that squad back, there's a strong belief the Fighting Scots have the potential to make a similar postseason run.
"We want to live up to what we did last year a little bit," senior infielder Brooklynne Siewertsen said. "Everybody thinks that we're not going to be as good because we lost our star pitcher, but we can be just as good with the pitchers we have. We just need to step up our defense a little bit and show that we belong."
Caledonia graduated only four seniors last spring. But the headliner of that group was starting pitcher Sammie Gehrls, who's currently playing at Grand Valley State after earning all-state honors in the circle all four years of high school and leaving with eight entries for hitting in the MHSAA record book.
"She's only one player, but she's tough to replace," 18th-year Caledonia coach Tom Kaechele said. "She did so many things for us on the mound and what have you."
The Fighting Scots, who entered the week ranked No. 7 in Division 1, have a capable stable of pitchers to fill the void but have suffered early setbacks.
Their No. 1 pitcher, junior Emallee Hamp, can't throw right now due to an injury, while senior starting catcher Taylor Cross also is sidelined due to an injury suffered in a scrimmage.
"We're still trying to find the right pieces," Kaechele said. "Just playing the right pieces and having girls feel comfortable with whoever is on the mound and realizing that they have to play more defense than they did with Sammie. We're not going to get those 10 or 12-strikeout games."
But with the bulk of its roster having experienced last year's success, Caledonia understands what needs to be done to play at a high level.
"We know what it's like to play at that level, and we know what we are capable of," Fighting Scots junior Abby Mitchell said. "We've already grown tremendously from our first game, and we are all ready to keep getting after it in the coming weeks."
Added Siewertsen: "It helps tremendously to have a lot of returners because we all know what it takes to get back there (to the Finals). We have a lot of grit and determination."
The Fighting Scots, who also return seniors Ashleigh VanZytveld, Sage Turner, Jadon Huyser, Erika Dunham, Brenna Nurenberg and Julia Becker and junior Megan Claery, already have seen the effects of being the reigning champions.
Opposing teams aren't making it easy, and that was obvious in Monday's 20-13 extra-inning win over Ottawa-Kent Conference Red rival Rockford.
"It's hard because you have a target on your back and everyone wants to beat you because you are the defending state champs," Kaechele said. "So it doesn't matter which team it is because they are going to come out and try to give you the best they have. Rockford never gave up against us and kept coming at us and fighting."
This year's team has a close-knit bond and motivates each other daily.
"We all get along really well and push each other in practice and games," Mitchell said. "We all have so much fun playing the game together, which makes the opportunity to play with these girls incredible."
Mitchell joined Gehrls in making the all-state first team last season, and Cross earned an honorable mention. Kaechele knew he had a majority of his big bats returning to the lineup, but defense would have to be improved.
"Because of the hitting we had coming back I thought we could be very good coming into the season. But I also knew we had to play better defense, and that's one thing we're still trying to work on," he said. "Just getting our defense back to where it was last year."
The Fighting Scots are off to a 7-4 start and compete in a highly-competitive O-K Red with the likes of state powerhouses Grandville and Hudsonville, both honorable mentions in the latest Division 1 rankings.
Caledonia didn't win the conference crown last season, but played well down the stretch en route to its historic feat.
"Once we got on a roll last year we were so dialed in as a team, and we wanted it really bad," Kaechele said. "We have to get that mindset back and hopefully we can put it all together and get the confidence we need and get some players back that will help us."
PHOTOS: (Top) Caledonia's Jadon Huyser is congratulated by assistant coach Amanda Kimes after tripling during last season's Division 1 Final against Hartland. (Middle) Brooklynne Siewertsen fires a throw to first during the Fighting Scots' Semifinal win over Warren Regina.
Jenison Reaches 1,000 Wins & Surging By Dean Holzwarth Special for Second Half JENISON – The Jenison softball team wrapped up an Ottawa-Kent Conference Black outright title Tuesda...
Caledonia Completes Championship Climb By Paul Costanzo Special for Second Half EAST LANSING – A 2009 Regional Semifinal loss to eventual state champion Hudsonville is the moment Ca...
Caledonia, Hartland Earn Finals Return By Geoff Kimmerly Second Half editor EAST LANSING – Welcome back, Caledonia and Sammie Gehrls. Three seasons after finishing her freshman yea...
Preview: Welcoming Contenders New & Old By Geoff Kimmerly Second Half editor Among Michigan's smallest high school powers, this season's MHSAA Softball Tournament has rolled al...
Unbeaten Spring Lake Eyes Perfect Finish By Tom Kendra Special for Second Half It didn't matter if it was driving rain, scorching heat, prom day, snowflakes, seven-game weeks, high wi...
Caledonia, West Michigan


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nxt nvl
About the Calculations
Alright, so I've noted that a lot of the calculations here are 'sketchy', 'made-up', or even 'witchcraft'. And well... none of those are wrong. So with this article I was hoping to explain the heuristics I created to make this website more useful to book readers. I'm hoping that laying it out helps people 1) understand the metrics and 2) understand why I created them.
Issues with Ratings
So coming into this exercise, I just wanted to find the best books in a given genre. Sounds easy, right? You just sort by average rating and - tada - the best books to read.
...but that's not how it worked out... For the sake of brevity, we'll skip the entire process of collecting data and just go to the analysis.
Now that we've magically collected all the data, we're going to take just the highest rated books:
First off, you'll notice there's a ton of books from one series - a deeper dive into that shows that we're going to want to get rid of anything that's a sequel or a prequel, since they tend to be rated much higher than the first book in a series. That logically follows, since the only people that typically continue reading a series are people who liked the first book. Or masochists. Anyways, the takeaway is to remove sequels and prequels. Let's see where we are after that adjustment:
Marginally better, but now you can see that all the books here have about 1000 reviews or so... That's not necessarily a bad thing, but the issue you run into is that small amounts of reviews can definitely be biased upwards for various reasons. Maybe most of the original reviewers were fans of a TV show (Fleabag: Scriptures) or band (Take Me Home Yearbook). But even apart from that, as a book goes more mainstream, the average rating tends to go down.
So what do we do about that problem?
Math! Or dumb math, at least.
The goal for me was to create a measure that found two types of books:
Books that are very popular, but also have great ratings
Books that have very high ratings, but more than the bare minimum number of reviews
The two metrics I came up with were:
Adjusted Rating (Popular): e^(Avg Rating) * ln(Rating Count)
Adjusted Rating: e^(Avg Rating) * ln(ln(Rating Count))
What do both do?
Adjusted Rating (Popular)
Formula: e^(Avg Rating) * ln(Rating Count)
Working Hypothesis:
e^(Avg Rating) - The higher rated a book, the more likely I am to want to read it. That relationship should be exponential in theory. A 4.1-rated book is ~10.5% better than a 4.0 rated book on this scale; a 4.2-rated book is also ~10.5% better than a 4.1 rated book.
ln(Rating Count) - A more popular book should receive a bonus, but that rating should be scaled down. In this model, 10k ratings is worth 33% more than 1k ratings. But 100k ratings is only worth 25% more than 10k ratings.
Alright, looks a bit better but now it skews towards super popular books. Given that's one of the things I was hoping to find (good, popular books), I'd say this was pretty successful... The next goal is to find some less well known books.
Adjusted Rating
Adjustments: ln(Rating Count) --> ln(ln(Rating Count))
Why the double ln() function? Just a way to control for popularity here. Nothing special, just a rough algorithm to get me to the place I want to be.
And there we go, also looks like a pretty solid list of results. Round two of ratings is complete-ish.
I realize all of these algorithms are rough and partially just... weird. But these aren't meant to do anything other than help you find a book. That's also the reason why I left the ability to sort by average rating & rating count on the site - those are much easier to understand than the witchcraft above. The goal of those odd metrics is to give you a simple heuristic that's useful - I think they achieve that, but who knows...
Previous: Most Read Books of 2020 Next: Its Been Quiet
© next novel project


Hidden behind a rather odd stone frontage, The Brazen Head reveals itself as a maze of rooms, including a lovely book-lined study, all full of customers (though in the afternoon it looks more like a theme restaurant than a pub). The barman asks me twice if I want food, while behind me a Spanish waitress serves a table of young Italian men.
Publican Tom Gilligan of The Duke, just off Grafton Street, has been in the trade for more than 40 years. He recognizes that change is inevitable but is driven by locals more than tourists. "If the customer wants it, you'd better do it, because that's how you stay in business.
"When I started, it was pints of Guinness, bottles of Guinness, draft lager. You never had cider on draft. Now we have ten flavors of cider. People's habits have changed, their disposable income has risen and fallen and the advent of home drinking has made a big change to the drinking scene. People used to go out and have a drink. Once, the only drink at home was water, milk or tea. The young gang are inclined to party a little bit before they go out. They'd tell you that's to save money but when I went out I might have had six or eight beers and had a short then. We never had half a bottle of vodka before we left the house. You know what I'm saying?" Indeed I do.
In Café En Seine on Dawson Street, once one of Dublin's trendiest new bars and still a riot of Art Noveau extravagance, cocktails are as popular as beer. A young woman brings back two mojitos to complain they are too sour. "Did you not put brown sugar in them?" "No," says the very young cocktail maker, tasting them. "We use sugar syrup. I'll make them again for you but there's nothing wrong with these." "Yes, there is," says the customer, "I should know, I've been drinking them for years." She looks barely 18, the legal drinking age in Ireland.
Gilligan, though, is optimistic that the traditional pub will survive, despite the popularity of this new breed of bar and competition from restaurants, clubs and other venues. Not just because visitors come looking for them but also because locals cherish them too. He recognizes that the key is good staff. The Guinness Irish Pub Concept is very clear on that point, too.
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Film review: Blackfish (2013)
Blue & Green Tomorrow
Blackfish is a powerful documentary investigating the immorality of keeping killer whales at theme parks. The film focuses on one Orca, Tilikum, which has been involved in a number of attacks on trainers, including some that have been fatal.
The filmmakers tell the story of Tilikum's life, from his capture off the coast of Iceland in 1983 to his time at SeaWorld and his involvement in the deaths of three individuals. The story is used as a means to explore the consequences of keeping orcas in captivity and the ethics behind it. It is thought provoking and often makes the viewer consider our relationship with nature and wildlife.
A number of people are interviewed throughout the documentary, including people from wildlife groups and former SeaWorld trainers, giving an insight into the practices of marine theme parks and the effects of captivity on killer whales.
The film has received positive reviews and led to the issue being debated in the wider media and the public. Amid the controversy the film had stirred up, attendance figures for SeaWorld fell 13% in April.
The archive footage shown throughout Blackfish is used to emphasise and support the arguments made and is likely to shock viewers. Blackfish remains a must watch for all those concerned about the welfare of animals and those that have visited marine theme parks in the past.
Take our 2014 reader survey and you could win an iPad, Kindle or donation to a charity of your choice.
Related Topics:Blackfishbookfilmreviewfilmkiller whalemovieorcareviewseaworld
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Book review: Business as Unusual – Anita Roddick (2000)
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This is an absolute fantastic book!! I became a blue and gold "mother" almost 1 year ago. Then we added a green-winged and then a molloccan with the last member joining us about a week and a half ago (a cockatiel). They have been absolute joys and this book just explained more things and showed us many things in common! May the spirit of Sarah always soar high and watch over her human!! Bless Nancy for taking a chance on Sarah and becoming Sarah's human!!!


Three little questions from David Mamet, the American playwright and screenplay writer (think Glengarry Glen Ross, The Untouchables, The Verdict, Wag the dog). He's addressing writers of film but his remarks apply equally to all writers of fiction (and creative non-fiction).
What happens to him or her if they don't get it?
The answers to these questions, he says, will tell you whether the scene is dramatic or not.
If the scene is not dramatic, then it is your sworn duty to excise it.


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Andy Taylor (gitarist)
 Andy Taylor (voetballer, 1986)
 Andy Taylor (voetballer, 1988)


October marks the 10th anniversary of one of EA's greatest titles. We celebrate Dead Space's release with a look at its opening moments. The game holds up incredibly well, showing a deft blend of horror and limb-splitting firefights, all while inviting players to enter a fascinating science-fiction world. As we marvel at this important title, we discuss the series as a whole, and ask the important question: Is Dead Space 3 a good game? The jury is divided on that one, but there's a clear correct answer to it (mine).
If are here wondering where our final look at Commodore 64 is, you'll find that roughly 45 minutes into the episode after our look at Dead Space concludes. Enjoy the episode, and we'll see you in seven short days.


Six jobs have been created by a social enterprise which aims to provide training opportunities for unemployed people.
Hexham's Core Music, the Gilesgate-based shop and community facility, has opened a separate workshop where up to six people at a time will learn and practice the skills needed to repair guitars and make ukuleles.
The idea is supported by a European Social Fund grant, secured through the County Durham Communication Foundation, to equip the premises in Burn Lane.
The project is designed for people who are new to the jobs market and want to improve their CV or those who are long-term unemployed and need helping back into the workplace.
It is centred around the creation of "Ucoreleles" - ukuleles made from recycled and reclaimed wood.
Rachel Heathcote, project developer at Core Music, said: "I'm really excited about this project; we've got some great people involved and I'm looking forward to it all coming together.
"In particular, I'd like to thank Derek Telfer at MKM for supplying wood to make workbenches and Chris Howard at the Jobcentre Plus, who not only helped fill the current spaces, but also gave up his free time to build the workbenches.
The workshop will provide space for participants to learn practical skills such as the use of hand tools and woodworking techniques, as well as transferable skills such as communication, teamwork and problem solving.
Mike Coleman, Core Music's founder, added: "When I first opened the doors six years ago I didn't just want to provide a space for community music, I wanted to be able to employ local people and create jobs.
"In addition to our freelance music tutors and volunteers, we've now got four employees working in the shop and behind the scenes, and through the Ucorelele project we can help even more people get back to work.
Core Music opened in 2008 with an aim to provide access to music for anyone, no matter their circumstances, age or ability.
As a social enterprise the profits from the shop are reinvested in community music activities, some of which are supported by grant funding.
County Durham Community Foundation (CDCF) manage charitable funds donated by local individuals, families, businesses and trusts.
The organisation administers the European Social Fund (ESF), which was set up to improve employment opportunities in the European Union and so help raise standards of living.


Níl aon aistritheoir ríomhaireach go maith. Ach muna bhféidir leat Gaeilgeoir líofa a fháil, tá sé seo níos fearr ná a bheith gan aistritheoir ar bith. /// No computer translator is good. But if you can't find a fluent Irish speaker, this is better than no translator at all.