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Kate Mosse, in Conversation
January 28, 2021 by PoisonedBlogger
Kate Mosse, author of The Burning Chambers, continues her historical fiction series that covers 300 years, with the second book, The City of Tears. Barbara Peters, owner of The Poisoned Pen, introduced Mosse to the audience for her virtual event, along with Brad Meltzer, who then hosted the rest of the event. Both books are available through the Web Store. https://bit.ly/3aaDyye
Because the series begins with The Burning Chambers, let's start with the summary of that book.
"For fans of juicy historical fiction, this one might just develop into their next obsession."—EW.com
From Kate Mosse, the New York Times and #1 internationally bestselling author of Labyrinth, comes The Burning Chambers, the first in an epic new series.
Power and Prejudice: France, 1562. War sparks between the Catholics and Huguenots, dividing neighbors, friends, and family—meanwhile, nineteen-year-old Minou Joubert receives an anonymous letter at her father's bookshop. Sealed with a distinctive family crest, it contains just five words: She knows that you live.
Love and Betrayal: Before Minou can decipher the mysterious message, she meets a young Huguenot convert, Piet Reydon. Piet has a dangerous task of his own, and he will need Minou's help if he is to stay alive. Soon, they find themselves on opposing sides, as forces beyond their control threaten to tear them apart.
Honor and Treachery: As the religious divide deepens, Minou and Piet find themselves trapped in Toulouse, facing new dangers as tensions ignite across the city—and a feud that will burn across generations begins to blaze. . .
"A masterly tour of history . . . a breathless thriller, alive with treachery, danger, atmosphere, and beauty."—A.J. Finn, #1 New York Times bestselling author of The Woman in the Window
Here is The City of Tears, the current book in a proposed quartet of books.
Following #1 Sunday Times bestseller The Burning Chambers, New York Times bestseller Kate Mosse returns with The City of Tears, a sweeping historical epic about love in a time of war.
Alliances and Romance
August 1572: Minou Joubert and her husband Piet travel to Paris to attend a royal wedding which, after a decade of religious wars, is intended to finally bring peace between the Catholics and the Huguenots.
Loyalty and Deception
Also in Paris is their oldest enemy, Vidal, in pursuit of an ancient relic that will change the course of history.
Revenge and Persecution
Within days of the marriage, thousands will lie dead in the street, and Minou's family will be scattered to the four winds . . .
If you're a fan of history or historical fiction, you'll enjoy the conversation about history and Kate Mosse's books, the conversation between Kate Mosse and Brad Meltzer.
Categories Fiction Review
Hot Book (and Hot Author) of the Week
A Virtual Book Launch – Donis Casey's Valentino Will Die


In order to truly understand what motivates and drives a new hire, it requires a little work. Fortunately, a past FenderBender source has a form that can help with just that.
Nailing down a pay plan that works for your shop can be a grueling, daunting task. From hourly rates to flat-rate to individual structures to team-based systems to bonus plans, here is everything to consider when choosing a pay plan for your technicians.


Our skilled and experienced Preplanning Counsellors are the heart of our Select Funeral Planning program.
Fully knowledgeable in both the planning and funding aspects of the process they can answer, or find the answer, to any question you may have. Let them show you all the options open to you and help you make arrangements that suit you, your family and your budget.
You can reach the Counsellors directly at the phone numbers provided or simply call the funeral home and we'll put you in touch with them. You can also reach us by e-mail with preplanning inquiries.
With more than 15 years experience behind her, Holly Reid has successfully addressed the unique preplanning needs of hundreds of Saint John area families, earning a great deal of trust and appreciation along the way. A loyal 'Westsider', she also finds time to contribute her volunteer efforts in support of a variety of community causes.


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The Nagar District () is one of the 14 districts of Pakistan-administered territory of Gilgit-Baltistan. The Nagar District was established in 2015 by the division of the Hunza–Nagar District into two districts: the Hunza District and the Nagar District. The Nagar District is bounded on the north and north-east by the Hunza District, on the south-east by the Shigar District, on the south by the Gilgit District, and on the west by the Gupis-Yasin District. The district headquarters in the town of Nagarkhas.

Administration
The District Nagar administratively comprises two Tehsils, Tehsil Nagar-I and Tehsil Nagar-II. All the villages of upper Nagar including Shayar, Askurdas, Sumayar, Nagarkhas, Hoper Valley, and Hispar come under the Tehsil Nagar-I. While all the villages of lower Nagar including Bar, Chalt, Buladas, Chaprote, Skandarabad, Jafarabad, Nilt, Thol, Ghulmet, Pisan, Minapin, Meacher, Dadhimal, Phekar, and Hakuchar are the par of Tehsil Nagar-II.

Political representation
At the provincial level, the district is represented by two elected members to Gilgit-Baltistan Legislative Assembly according to the following constituencies:
GBLA-4 (Nagar-II)
GBLA-5 (Nagar-I)

See also
 Nagar Valley
 Hopar Valley
 Sumayar Valley
 Hisper Valley
 Gilgit District

References

Districts of Gilgit-Baltistan

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Saksofon kontrabasowy - pojedynczostroikowy instrument dęty drewniany. Większy od niego jest jedynie saksofon subkontrabasowy. Instrument budowany w stroju Es. Barwa dźwięku uznawana jest za bardzo głęboką i chropowatą.

Aerofony stroikowe
Instrumenty dęte drewniane


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Home / Sylhet / SUST revealed the Life Secret of Corona Virus in Sylhet Region
SUST revealed the Life Secret of Corona Virus in Sylhet Region
Masud Al Razi, SUST Correspondent : The genome sequence of the corona virus in the Sylhet region has been unveiled by the Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology. By collecting samples from different areas of the Sylhet region, it has been possible to know about the speed, nature, spread, origin, and variety of mutations of this virus by taking 10 samples from the genetics of the Covid-19 virus.
The information was given at a press briefing organized by the Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology at Shahjalal University of Science and Technology on Tuesday (January 5).
GM Noor Nabi Azad Jewel, a professor in the Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, announced at a press briefing that genome sequencing was carried out by collecting coronavirus samples from different areas in 4 districts of the Sylhet Division to evaluate the speed, nature, spread, origin, and diversity of Covid-19 virus mutations. The gene sequencing of 10 samples from the exposed gene format (Sunamganj-5 and Habiganj-5) was submitted to the Global Influenza Sharing Initiative (GISAID) database, which was released on 31/12/2020. This will be helpful in discovering the type of corona virus that has spread in Bangladesh and in further research into the development of virus vaccines.
He added that a total of 79 mutations were found in the genome structure of the virus by analyzing the uncovered gene sequence. There are 47 mutations in protein levels, of which 6 mutations have never been found in any other country in the world. Besides, although 24 mutations were found in other countries it is new for Bangladesh, 17 mutations have already been found in Bangladesh. No UK mutant (P681H ) was found in the sample, but the same position is found in different mutations (P681R)). In the genome structure, Spike M1233I mutation is completely new, which has not been found anywhere before.
Head of the Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Md. Shamsul Haque Pradhan said, 'As part of our research, we have been able to find out about these mutations. In the future, by studying these mutations and other changes, it will be possible to get a detailed idea about the nature and variety of the virus in Bangladesh. In addition, the work of unraveling the complete mystery of corona virus in the other two districts of Sylhet division is in full swing, through which it will be possible to determine the nature of the virus in the entire Sylhet division.
On the overall issue, Vice-Chancellor Farid Uddin Ahmed said, "We are proud of this research of teachers. Our university has been on the side of the people of the region since the beginning of the corona virus infection and our work will continue. One more machine has been procured so as not to disrupt corona detection activities and the purchase of a new machine for genome sequencing is in process.
It is to be noted that the Covid-19 Diagnosis Lab was set up in the Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of the Faculty of Life Sciences with the self-funding of Shahjalal University of Science and Technology early in the Corona period to diagnose the Nobel Corona virus. So far 25 volunteers are working in this lab. In addition to diagnosing Covid-19, the team began research on the virus with funding from the SUST Research Center. As part of the study, they were able to unravel the mystery of the life of the corona virus in the Sylhet region. This will be useful in further research including knowing the type of corona virus that has spread in Bangladesh and to make vaccine for the virus.
Mr. Admin
Previous: Trump, Biden campaign in Georgia for crucial Senate races
Next: Coronavirus: India to export Covid vaccines 'within weeks'
Sylhet-based cultural activist Nizamuddin Laskar dies
SUST started Semester Final Examination Following the Hygiene Rules
Charges framed against 8 in MC College rape case
BNP's Sabir Ahmed wins polls to Nabiganj municipality for two consecutive terms
Traffic app launched for Sylhet metro area
Mysterious fish 'Mayurpankhi' in Sylhet Market

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I love to help people. I have given my time and effort to community service projects because I believe that if we are fortunate enough we should be generous to others. Below are a few of the community service projects I have done. Sign up for the "I Can Be" Newsletter to learn about future events and how you can help!
I collected over 100 toys for Kosair Charities and was made a member of their Kids Club for young givers.
I collected over 500 food items and fed 20 kids in the Dare to Care Food Bank Backpack Buddy Program.
I started a girls conference to teach girls ages 8 -12 about being confident and going after their dreams.
Olivia is represented by her mother, Anitra Durand Allen.


Updated on Mon, 2016-08-22 15:20. Originally created by jentsch on 2016-08-18 17:46.
There has been a desire expressed to maintain a list of important STAR terms and abbreviations.
Updated on Thu, 2014-10-16 21:18. Originally created by testadmin on 2014-10-01 17:50.
This is a binary poll test only, not a real poll.
Here, only one choice is possible. This poll was set to be anonymous as well.
Updated on Fri, 2014-05-09 11:17. Originally created by rexwg on 2014-03-13 19:56.
The main focus is on QM rehearsal.
Updated on Fri, 2013-10-11 17:38. Originally created by dongx on 2013-08-06 20:58.
Updated on Tue, 2013-08-06 20:53. Originally created by dongx on 2013-08-06 20:53.
Updated on Thu, 2013-07-11 07:06. Originally created by yfzhang on 2013-07-11 07:06.
Updated on Thu, 2013-07-11 07:06. Originally created by yfzhang on 2013-07-07 09:51.
Updated on Tue, 2013-02-26 10:40 by tlusty. Originally created by kikola on 2013-02-26 08:55.
Updated on Wed, 2013-02-27 09:35 by lkosarz. Originally created by kikola on 2013-02-25 12:41.
Updated on Wed, 2013-02-27 09:14 by jaydunk. Originally created by kikola on 2013-02-25 06:57.
Updated on Tue, 2013-02-26 08:56. Originally created by kikola on 2013-02-19 06:10.
Updated on Tue, 2013-02-26 09:16 by cpowell. Originally created by kikola on 2013-02-19 06:08.
Updated on Tue, 2013-02-26 14:47 by wangmei. Originally created by kikola on 2013-02-05 11:41.
Updated on Tue, 2013-02-26 11:06 by tc88qy. Originally created by kikola on 2013-02-05 11:37.
Updated on Wed, 2013-02-27 15:07 by trzeciak. Originally created by kikola on 2013-01-27 15:38.
Updated on Tue, 2013-02-26 11:58 by kukral. Originally created by kikola on 2013-01-27 15:36.
Updated on Tue, 2013-02-26 10:43 by tlusty. Originally created by kikola on 2013-01-27 15:34.
Updated on Sun, 2013-01-27 15:30. Originally created by kikola on 2013-01-27 15:30.
Updated on Tue, 2013-02-26 11:46 by yezhenyu. Originally created by kikola on 2013-01-27 15:28.


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Jody David VeDepo is an American professional mixed martial artist currently competing in the Middleweight division. A professional competitor since 2005, he has formerly competed for the UFC and Bellator.

Background
Born and raised in the small town of Columbus Junction, just outside of Iowa City, Iowa, Vedepo was a standout wrestler at Iowa City High School, winning 105 overall matches during four seasons. After high school, Vedepo began training in mixed martial arts (MMA).

Mixed martial arts career

Early career
Vedepo made his professional MMA debut in November 2005.  He went undefeated at 6–0 in the first two and a half years of his career.

Ultimate Fighting Championship
Vedepo was invited to compete on The Ultimate Fighter 7 but declined for unknown reasons.

Vedepo made his debut for the UFC on September 17, 2008 against Alessio Sakara at UFC Fight Night 15.  He lost the fight via KO in the first round.

For his second fight, Vedepo faced Rob Kimmons at UFC Fight Night 18 on April 1, 2009. He lost the fight via submission in the first round.

Vedepo was expected to face Gerald Harris on August 28, 2010 at UFC 118, replacing an injured Alessio Sakara.  On August 18, it was announced that the Vedepo/Harris bout had been scrapped from the card.

Independent promotions
Following his release from the UFC, Vedepo fought at ZT Fight Night: Heavyweights Collide, where he fought two weight classes higher at Heavyweight and on only a few days notice.  He faced Oli Thompson, winning via TKO (punches) in the second round.  He was expected to fight Rob Broughton to crown the tournament winner but Vedepo broke his hand in his semifinals bout against Thompson, which forced him out of the finals.

Bellator MMA
Vedepo is notable for inventing the modified shin choke, also known as the Vedepo Choke, he used this submission to win his debut bout in Bellator, at the event Bellator 80. In his next appearance, Vedepo squared off against fellow veteran Louis Taylor at Bellator 84. Vedepo was knocked out with a short right hook while he had Taylor in half guard.

Vedepo then fought longtime veteran Eddie Larea on August 10, 2013, headlining for a regional promotion in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. In an upset, Vedepo was defeated via first-round TKO.

Vedeop then faced fellow UFC veteran Kendall Grove on October 18, 2013 at Bellator 104. In a hard-fought bout, Vedepo lost via unanimous decision.

Vedepo faced Ben Crowder at Bellator 117 on April 18, 2014. He defeated Crowder via a verbal submission, as Crowder sustained a leg injury.

Vedepo then faced Cortez Coleman at Bellator 121 on June 6, 2014 and won via decision in a closely contested battle.

Vedepo faced Davin Clark at Bellator 129 on October 17, 2014. He won via TKO in the third round.

Vedepo will make a quick return to the Bellator cage as he steps in as a replacement for an injured Tom DeBlass against Muhammed Lawal on November 15, 2014 at Bellator 131. He lost the fight via TKO in the third round.

On December 4, 2014 Bellator MMA announced they released Vedepo from the promotion after he allegedly assaulted a police officer in Iowa. The incident came less than two weeks after his loss at Bellator 131, involving a reportedly-intoxicated Vedepo head butting a police officer in the chest and being tasered ineffectively, as it reportedly took several officers to subdue him. The officer Vedepo head butted was hospitalized with a back injury.

Independent promotions
Vedepo made his return on June 11, 2016, in a rematch with Eddie Larrea. Vedepo avenged his prior loss, winning via rear-naked choke submission in the first round. Vedepo most recently fought on December 29, 2017, losing via technical submission in the first round.

Personal life
Vedepo has daughters and twin sons.

Mixed martial arts record

|-
| Win
|align=center| 20-10
|Virgil Knight
|Submission (rear-naked choke)
|Elite Fight League 7
|
|align=center|2
|align=center|0:48
|Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States
|Middleweight bout.
|-
| Win
|align=center| 19–10
|Darrius Flowers
|Submission (keylock)
|Elite Fight League 6
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|3:55
|Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States
|Catchweight (195 lb) bout.
|-
| Loss
|align=center| 18–10
|Daniel Vizcaya
|Technical Submission (rear-naked choke)
|RCC 14: Revolution Combat Championships 14
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|3:49
|Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States
|For the RCC Light Heavyweight Championship.
|-
| Win
|align=center| 18–9
|Eddie Larrea
|Submission (rear-naked choke)
|RCC: Revolution Cage Combat
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|3:33
|Iowa City, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Loss
|align=center| 17–9
|Muhammed Lawal
|TKO (punches)
|Bellator 131
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|0:39
|San Diego, California, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 17–8
|Davin Clark
|TKO (punches)
|Bellator 129
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|2:27
|Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center| 16–8
|Cortez Coleman
|Decision (majority)
|Bellator 121
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|Thackerville, Oklahoma, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 15–8
|Ben Crowder
|Technical Submission (leg injury)
|Bellator 117
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|0:48
|Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Loss
|align=center| 14–8
| Kendall Grove
| Decision (unanimous)
| Bellator 104
|
|align=center| 3
|align=center| 5:00
| Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Loss
|align=center| 14–7
| Eddie Larrea
| TKO (punches)
| Triple A MMA 2
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 0:45
| Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Loss
|align=center| 14–6
| Louis Taylor
| KO (punches)
| Bellator 84
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 4:12
| Hammond, Indiana, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 14–5
| Mike Bernhard
| Submission (shin choke)
| Bellator 80
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 3:26
| Hollywood, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Loss
|align=center| 13–5
| Jason Buck
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| Pinnacle Combat MMA 10
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 0:43
| Dubuque, Iowa, United States
|For the vacant Pinnacle Combat Middleweight Championship.
|-
| Win
|align=center| 13–4
| Kenneth Allen
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| Extreme Challenge 202
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 2:17
|Bettendorf, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Loss
|align=center| 12–4
| Dmitry Samoilov
| Decision (unanimous)
| League S-70: Russia vs. Brazil
|
|align=center| 2
|align=center| 5:00
|Sochi, Krasnodar Krai, Russia
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 12–3
| Dennis Reed
| Submission (armbar)
| Revolution Combat Championships 11: Cocked and Loaded
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 1:31
|Columbus Junction, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 11–3
| Oli Thompson
| TKO (punches)
| ZT Fight Night: Heavyweights Collide
|
|align=center| 2
|align=center| 1:24
|Hove, East Sussex, England
|ZT Fight Night Heavyweight Tournament Semifinal.
|-
| Win
|align=center| 10–3
| Miguel Bernard
| Submission (armbar)
| ZT Fight Night: Heavyweights Collide
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 0:33
|Hove, East Sussex, England
|ZT Fight Night Heavyweight Tournament Quarterfinal.
|-
| Win
|align=center| 9–3
| Webster Farris
| KO (punch)
| Adrenaline MMA IV
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 0:14
|Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Loss
|align=center| 8–3
| Rob Kimmons
| Technical submission (guillotine choke)
| UFC Fight Night 18
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 1:54
|Nashville, Tennessee, United States
|
|-
| Loss
|align=center| 8–2
| Alessio Sakara
| KO (head kick)
| UFC Fight Night 15
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 1:27
|Omaha, Nebraska, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 8–1
| Brian Green
| Submission (verbal)
| MCC 14: Pride or Fate
|
|align=center| 3
|align=center| 4:25
|Urbandale, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 7–1
| Karl Kelly
| Submission (keylock)
| Pinnacle Combat: MMA
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 1:44
|Dubuque, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Loss
|align=center| 6–1
| Mario Miranda
| TKO (punches)
| Carnage at the Creek 2
|
|align=center| 3
|align=center| 2:38
|Shelton, Washington, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 6–0
| Rob Smith
| TKO (knees)
| XFO 22: Xtreme Fighting Organization
|
|align=center| 2
|align=center| 1:17
|Crystal Lake, Illinois, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 5–0
| Chris Powers
| Submission (kimura)
| Mainstream MMA: Vengeance
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 2:55
|Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 4–0
| Todd Carney
| TKO (strikes)
| Extreme Challenge 83
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 4:34
|Riverside, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 3–0
| Jeremy Norwood
| KO (punch)
| Rwevolution Combat Championships Vol. 1: The Doctor is Out
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 1:35
|West Liberty, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 2–0
| Joe Winterfeldt
|align=center| N/A
| Title Fighting Championships 1
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| N/A
|Des Moines, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 1–0
| Jesse Lennox
| Decision (unanimous)
| Mainstream MMA 1: Inception
|
|align=center| 3
|align=center| 5:00
|Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States
|

See also
List of male mixed martial artists
List of Bellator MMA alumni

References

External links

Living people
American male mixed martial artists
Mixed martial artists from Iowa
Middleweight mixed martial artists
Light heavyweight mixed martial artists
Heavyweight mixed martial artists
Mixed martial artists utilizing wrestling
Sportspeople from Iowa City, Iowa
1983 births
Ultimate Fighting Championship male fighters
American male sport wrestlers
Amateur wrestlers


Milford House Museum isn't just a museum in Northern Ireland, Milford House Museum is a story of a journey, a journey of dedication, hard work and total commitment. This commitment has been a lifelong endeavour for the museums curator Stephen McManus. Stephen has dedicated at least half of his life to this house and it's future story lies solely in the hands of this totally dedicated guy. There is so much too see here and I just loved the fact that no matter how small an artefact, the artefact comes with a truly huge story. I could literally go on for hours talking about this place and in just 150 words that would truly be impossible. But I will go as far as too say that Milford House Museum is one of Northern Ireland's biggest & brightest hidden gems and I would truly recommend you visit here.
A hidden gem of a museum portraying the history of the McCrum family, a linen manufacturing family who revolutionized the world of business and sport.
The main mission and vision of the Trust is to protect, promote and preserve Milford House, its parkland and the heritage attached to it for the benefit of the nation. Also to protect, promote and preserve the built architectural, industrial and natural landscape of the Milford area for the benefit of the nation".
The Milford Buildings Preservation Trust, a company and registered charity (no.XR82797) was set up in 1999 by Stephen Mc Manus. It now operates the Milford House Museum located at 57 William Street, Milford, Co. Armagh.
A hidden gem of a museum portraying the history of the McCrum family, a linen manufacturing family, and everyday life at their home Milford House. The museum also tells the story of the Manor House School which was later established in the house. Please note that Milford House is in private ownership and not accessible to the public. the museum is located at 57 William Street, Milford.
The museum is open seasonally from May to September by prior arrangement. Visitors welcome anytime. Please contact Trust to arrange a visit.An admission charge is payable. A variety of tours are available including guided, living history and educational tours. Group visits are also welcome - please contact in advance to arrange a suitable time.


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Census Place
0.0123% 1-year decline
Jack Reed
12.4% 1-year growth
In 2020, Providence, RI had a population of 179k people with a median age of 31.2 and a median household income of $49,065. Between 2019 and 2020 the population of Providence, RI declined from 179,494 to 179,472, a −0.0123% decrease and its median household income grew from $45,610 to $49,065, a 7.58% increase.
The 5 largest ethnic groups in Providence, RI are White (Non-Hispanic) (33.8%), White (Hispanic) (19.4%), Other (Hispanic) (16%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (13.3%), and Asian (Non-Hispanic) (5.5%).
None of the households in Providence, RI reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.
84.2% of the residents in Providence, RI are U.S. citizens.
The largest universities in Providence, RI are Brown University (3,269 degrees awarded in 2020), Johnson & Wales University-Providence (2,097 degrees), and Providence College (1,428 degrees).
In 2020, the median property value in Providence, RI was $225,200, and the homeownership rate was 37.8%.
Most people in Providence, RI drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 24.1 minutes. The average car ownership in Providence, RI was 2 cars per household.
cameraPhoto by Timothy Burling
Providence, RI is home to a population of 179k people, from which 84.2% are citizens. As of 2020, 30.3% of Providence, RI residents were born outside of the country (54.3k people).
In 2020, there were 1.75 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (60.7k people) in Providence, RI than any other race or ethnicity. There were 34.7k White (Hispanic) and 28.7k Other (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.
As of 2020, 84.2% of Providence, RI residents were US citizens, which is lower than the national average of 93.4%. In 2019, the percentage of US citizens in Providence, RI was 85.2%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.
The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Providence, RI compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.
The 3 largest ethnic groups in Providence, RI
43.5% of the people in Providence, RI are hispanic (78.1k people).
The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Providence, RI as a share of the total population.
The PUMS dataset is not available at the Place level, so we are showing data for Rhode Island.
In 2020, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Rhode Island was Dominican Republic, the natal country of 29,370 Rhode Island residents, followed by Guatemala with 14,363 and Portugal with 12,959.
As of 2020, 30.3% of Providence, RI residents (54.3k people) were born outside of the United States, which is higher than the national average of 13.5%. In 2019, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Providence, RI was 28.8%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.
The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Providence, RI compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.
Gulf War (1990s)
Providence, RI has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.31 times greater than any other conflict.
The economy of Providence, RI employs 83.7k people. The largest industries in Providence, RI are Health Care & Social Assistance (13,822 people), Educational Services (11,022 people), and Manufacturing (9,341 people), and the highest paying industries are Utilities ($85,500), Management of Companies & Enterprises ($75,208), and Public Administration ($60,690).
Males in Rhode Island have an average income that is 1.28 times higher than the average income of females, which is $56,718. The income inequality in Rhode Island (measured using the Gini index) is 0.45, which is lower than than the national average.
± 4.25%
From 2019 to 2020, employment in Providence, RI grew at a rate of 2.57%, from 81.6k employees to 83.7k employees.
The most common job groups, by number of people living in Providence, RI, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (8,321 people), Sales & Related Occupations (7,269 people), and Education Instruction, & Library Occupations (6,404 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Providence, RI.
Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Rhode Island.
This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Rhode Island (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.
The most common employment sectors for those who live in Providence, RI, are Health Care & Social Assistance (13,822 people), Educational Services (11,022 people), and Manufacturing (9,341 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Providence, RI, though some of these residents may live in Providence, RI and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.
Median earning women ± $2,164
The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2020 are Public Administration ($63,131), Educational Services, & Health Care & Social Assistance ($50,247), and Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($47,636).
The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2020 are Public Administration ($49,975), Professional, Scientific, & Management, & Administrative & Waste Management Services ($39,430), and Construction ($36,023).
As of May 2021, there are 145M people employed in Rhode Island. This represents a 8.45% increase in employment when compared to May 2020.
The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Rhode Island.
Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Rhode Island to other states, or from other states to Rhode Island.
Motorized vehicles
Misc. mfg. prods.
In 2020, the top outbound Rhode Island product (by dollars) was Mixed freight with $12.6B, followed by Motorized vehicles ($10.2B) and Misc. mfg. prods. ($6.1B).
The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Rhode Island products.
Showing data for Rhode Island.
2020 Value in Rhode Island
Projected 2050 Value in Rhode Island
73.8% growth
In 2020, total outbound Rhode Island trade was $57.4B. This is expected to increase 73.8% to $99.7B by 2050.
The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Rhode Island trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.
Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Rhode Island to other states, or from other states to Rhode Island.
In 2020, the top outbound Rhode Island domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Massachusetts with $12.4B, followed by Connecticut with $4.56B and New York and $2.87B.
The following map shows the amount of trade that Rhode Island shares with each state (excluding itself).
Jack Reed and Sheldon Whitehouse are the senators currently representing the state of Rhode Island. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.
Rhode Island is currently represented by 2 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.
US Senators from Rhode Island
Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Rhode Island.
Senator from Rhode Island2
Assumed office on January 3, 1997
Jack Reed and Sheldon Whitehouse are the senators currently representing Rhode Island.
The following chart shows elected senators in Rhode Island over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.
US Representatives from Rhode Island
Rhode Island is currently represented by 2 members in the U.S. house.
Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Rhode Island have changed over time starting in 2008.
In 2020, universities in Providence, RI awarded 7,991 degrees. The student population of Providence, RI in 2020 is skewed towards women, with 10,481 male students and 14,584 female students.
Most students graduating from Universities in Providence, RI are White (4,118 and 60.4%), followed by Hispanic or Latino (801 and 11.7%), Asian (614 and 9.01%), and Black or African American (585 and 8.58%).
The largest universities in Providence, RI by number of degrees awarded are Brown University (3,269 and 40.9%), Johnson & Wales University-Providence (2,097 and 26.2%), and Providence College (1,428 and 17.9%).
The most popular majors in Providence, RI are General Business Administration & Management (464 and 5.81%), Computer Science (358 and 4.48%), and Foodservice System Management (302 and 3.78%).
The median tuition cost in Providence, RI for private four year colleges is $43,908.
Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled
University Doctoral UniversitiesMasters Colleges and UniversitiesSpecial Focus InstitutionsAll
Measure Applicants Admitted (%)Admitted who Enrolled (%)Enrolled
In 2020 in Providence, RI, the percentage of applicants admitted was 30%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 23.8%. The number of students enrolled in 2020 was 25,065 (41.8% men and 58.2% women).
The line chart shows the evolution of the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.
Universities Doctoral UniversitiesMasters Colleges and UniversitiesSpecial Focus InstitutionsAll
In 2020 there were 25,065 students enrolled in Providence, RI, 41.8% men and 58.2% women.
By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 12,613 records, of which 55.5% were women and 44.5% men.
1 to 2 Year Postsecondary CertificateAssociates DegreeBachelors DegreePostbaccalaureate CertificateMasters DegreePost-Masters CertificateResearch DoctorateProfessional Doctorate
Foodservice System Management
General Business Administration & Management
In 2020, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Providence, RI was Foodservice System Management with 302 degrees awarded.
This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Providence, RI according to their major.
Johnson & Wales University-Providence
In 2020, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was Brown University with 3,269 degrees awarded.
In 2020, 3,378 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Providence, RI, which is 0.732 times less than the 4,613 female students who received degrees in the same year.
In 2020 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 4,118 degrees mean that there were 5.14 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Hispanic or Latino, with 801 degrees awarded.
Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($43,908) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2020.
Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($1,009) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2020.
Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($1,716) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.
The most common educational levels obtained by the working population in 2020 were High School or Equivalent (243k), Some college (181k), and Bachelors Degree (168k).
The median property value in Providence, RI was $225,200 in 2020, which is 0.98 times smaller than the national average of $229,800. Between 2019 and 2020 the median property value increased from $200,300 to $225,200, a 12.4% increase. The homeownership rate in Providence, RI is 37.8%, which is approximately the same as the national average of 64.4%.
People in Providence, RI have an average commute time of 24.1 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Providence, RI is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.
Median household income in Providence, RI is $49,065. In 2020, the place with the highest median household income in Providence, RI was Census Tract 34 with a value of $165,897, followed by Census Tract 36.02 and Census Tract 32, with respective values of $145,189 and $97,607.
The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Providence, RI the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.
The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Providence, RI compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.
In 2020, 37.8% of the housing units in Providence, RI were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 36.1%.
This chart shows the percentage of owner in Providence, RI compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.
Race/Ethnicity TotalWhiteBlackNative AmericanAsianPacific IslanderOtherTwo Or MoreWhite Non-HispanicHispanic
Census Tract 34
Census Tract 36.02
In 2020, the place with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Providence, RI was Census Tract 34 with a value of $165,897, followed by Census Tract 36.02 and Census Tract 32, with respective values of $145,189 and $97,607.
The following map shows all of the places in Providence, RI colored by their Median Household Income (Total).
In 2020, the median household income of the 64.2k households in Providence, RI grew to $49,065 from the previous year's value of $45,610.
The following chart displays the households in Providence, RI distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the < $10k range.
The closest comparable wage GINI for Providence, RI is from Rhode Island.
2020 Wage GINI in Rhode Island
In 2020, the income inequality in Rhode Island was 0.45 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.736% decline from 2019 to 2020, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Rhode Island was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Rhode Island in comparison to the national average.
This chart shows the number of workers in Rhode Island across various wage buckets compared to the national average.
Walked (8.14%)
In 2020, 65.1% of workers in Providence, RI drove alone to work, followed by those who carpooled to work (11.4%) and those who walked to work (8.14%).
Using averages, employees in Providence, RI have a shorter commute time (24.1 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.9 minutes). Additionally, 3.1% of the workforce in Providence, RI have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.
The chart below shows how the median household income in Providence, RI compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.
The following chart displays the households in Providence, RI distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Providence, RI have 2 cars.
23% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Providence, RI (37.9k out of 165k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.8%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 18 - 24, followed by Females 25 - 34 and then Males 18 - 24.
The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Providence, RI is Hispanic, followed by White and Black.
92.7% of the population of Providence, RI has health coverage, with 38.2% on employee plans, 34.1% on Medicaid, 6.67% on Medicare, 13.1% on non-group plans, and 0.564% on military or VA plans.
Per capita personal health care spending in Rhode Island was $9,551 in 2014. This is a 4.27% increase from the previous year ($9,160).
Primary care physicians in Providence County, RI see 1021 patients per year on average, which represents a 3.04% decrease from the previous year (1053 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1651 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 202 patients per year.
Showing data at the state level for Rhode Island. Hospitalization data for some states may be delayed or not reported.
This chart shows the number of COVID-19 daily new cases by date in Rhode Island, as a 7-day rolling average, compared with the four states with the most similar number of confirmed cases.
Data is only available at the country level. Showing data for Providence County, RI.
Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Providence County, RI
Primary care physicians in Providence County, RI see an average of 1,021 patients per year. This represents a 3.04% decrease from the previous year (1,053 patients).
The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Providence County, RI in comparison to its neighboring geographies.
This chart presents movement trends over time in the state of Rhode Island across different categories of places such as retail and recreation, groceries and pharmacies, parks, transit stations, workplaces, and residential.
In 2020, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 24.2% under 18 years, 32% between 18 and 34 years, 33% between 35 and 64 years, and 10.8% over 64 years.
Between 2019 and 2020, the percent of uninsured citizens in Providence, RI declined by 3.12% from 7.53% to 7.29%.
The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Providence, RI changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.
Providence-Warwick, RI-MA
Providence County, RI


text:
Google unlocks 33% of publisher paywalls on July 30. This is what happens next.
Digital Publishing Platforms Top Stories
By Monojoy Bhattacharjee4 years ago
Last modified on July 31st, 2019
"The only real law of history is the law of unintended consequences," says finance and economics historian Niall Ferguson.
On July 30, Google Chrome will "remedy a loophole" that allows sites to detect people who are browsing in Incognito Mode.
As an apparently unintended consequence of this "remedy," 33% of online news outlets, who use a metered paywall, will have their paywalls fully unlocked by one simple action, a right-click:
The world's most popular web browser—used across Windows, Mac, Android, iOS and Linux—will effectively bring down a third of publisher paywalls by rolling out a simple patch, as Chrome browsers all over the globe auto-update to version 76 on July 30.
Earlier we have extensively covered why Google is doing this, and how exactly it will impact publisher paywalls.
Today we take a look at what happens next.
Google's "master key"
A number of major publishers like The New York Times, The Washington Post, Medium, The Boston Globe, Los Angeles Times and The Dallas Morning News have safeguards in place to stop users from accessing paywalled content using Incognito Mode.
We tested the beta version of Chrome's next update to gauge the extent of damage that will be inflicted on publisher paywalls. To cut a long story short, things aren't looking good.
We tried to breach the paywalls of the publishers listed using Chrome's current browser (v. 75), in Incognito Mode. Without fail, the websites detected the intrusion attempt and prevented access to the content.
Using v.76 (beta), each and every one of the paywalls got unlocked without any difficulty whatsoever.
Take a look at the screenshots below. In each case, we tried opening the exact same page using the current version (left) and the upcoming one (right).
No further explanations necessary.
Without exception, all metered paywalls can be bypassed—simply, and effectively—using Chrome 76.
With such major publishers unable to lock out unauthorized users from their paywalled content, it's quite evident what will happen to the paywalls of smaller publishers.
The impact will be massive. A third of US/European digital news publishers lock away content behind metered paywalls. Google just made the master key available to all.
There are already attempts underway to use innovative detection methods to deal with this challenge, but Google has emphatically stated that it will actively monitor possible efforts to bypass the restriction, and will "work to remedy any other current or future means of Incognito Mode detection."
This change will have long-lasting consequences for the publishing industry, and Google has already advised publishers "that wish to deter meter circumvention" to look into other options like "requiring free registration to view any content, or hardening their paywalls."
?⛔ Online news media have spent 5-10 years to get their readers used to metered paywalls & recreate value. With next #Chrome release, #Google gives them 2 weeks to switch to free registration or hard paywalls or… whatever.
Another rock for Sisyphus!https://t.co/CFToY6E2zt
— Benjamin Sabbah (@bsabbah) July 23, 2019
Google's move to close the Chrome incognito loophole could "encourage more publishers to go all in on a hard paywall," according to WARC, which in turn might frustrate searchers who would encounter more links that have registration or subscription screens.
Publishers could take this as a sign to rethink their paywall strategies, according to Claudius Senst, head of consumer subscriptions at Business Insider. Instead of a metered paywall, Business Insider uses a hard paywall for select stories exclusive to paying subscribers, so it will not be affected by Chrome's update.
Senst told AdAge that publishers should stop playing cat-and-mouse games with readers determined to get around the constraints, and just show these readers how much more there is to offer if they become paying members.
A recent report by Nieman Lab noted that publishers have already been moving towards tighter metered paywalls. A Reuters Institute report found that 52% of publishers said building logged-in audiences would be their top business priority this year.
"Since incognito browsing circumvents soft paywalls, and therefore free-sampling opportunities, publishers may be forced to build hard paywalls," said David Chavern, President of The News Media Alliance. "As it stands now, Google's planned changes will make it much harder for people to access news online."
As an unintended consequence of Google's browser update, it is a very real possibility that a lot of publisher content would eventually disappear behind hard paywalls, and the open web would grow dark for many news consumers, with even darker consequences for publisher revenue streams.
Which would make Google's introduction to Chrome 76 features quite fitting, in an ominous and ironic way.
Hello darkness, my old friend.
Download WNIP's comprehensive report—50 Ways to Make Media Pay—an essential read for publishers looking at the multiple revenue opportunities available, whether it's to reach new audiences or double down on existing super-users. The report is free and can be downloaded here.
By Monojoy Bhattacharjee
A former TV news anchor and journalist, Monojoy is a veteran of the Indian publishing industry, and has worked with some of Asia's biggest media companies, including STAR News | ABP Group and Lokmat Media. The current Editor of What's New in Publishing, Monojoy's focus is on the very latest in tech innovation and publishing trends.
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Getwell Oncology is a leading manufacturer and supplier of Anti-Cancer Drugs. Get to know about the principles and values we adopt to deliver the best in class oncology products.
"There is no medicine like hope, no incentive so great and no tonic as powerful as an expectation of something better than tomorrow"
"Delivering a quality product is no rocket science. It just requires an honest intent and zero compromise on fundamentals. Rest everything falls into place."
Getwell, is a pharmaceutical company primarily operating to innovate, develop, and manufacture world class oncology drugs.
All about the company's production schematics and manufacturing operations that enable it to fulfill its deliverables everyday.
Emulating the trajectory of Getwell's growth and development – see how it became one of the leading oncology companies in India.
Look at how we strive to uplift the quality of life of cancer patients.


In June 2012, TransGlobe acquired companies with a 50% non-operated interest in the South Alamein concession.
In July 2012, TransGlobe acquired a company with the remaining 50% operated working interest in the South Alamein concession in the Western Desert. The Company now holds a 100% working interest in the South Alamein concession.
In November 2013, TransGlobe acquired a 100% working interest in the South Ghazalat concession and in January 2015, TransGlobe acquired a 100% working interest in the North West Sitra concession.
TransGlobe has approximately 1,142,850 net acres in the Western desert over three operated concessions.


text:
Трубкорылы () — род лучепёрых рыб, единственный в семействе соленостомовых (Solenostomidae). Распространены в тропических и субтропических водах Индо-Тихоокеанской области.

Описание
Тело короткое, сжато с боков, покрыто костяными пластинками звёздчатой формы с кожными сосочками. Тело имеет максимальную высоту между началом первого спинного плавника и брюшными плавниками и сильно сужается между основаниями брюшных плавников и началом второго спинного и анального плавников. Голова удлинённая, длина головы составляет примерно 44% от стандартной длины тела. Рыло длинное, трубкообразное, с назальными ламеллами (количество ламелл различается у самок и самцов). Рот маленький, ориентирован вертикально, без зубов. На нижней челюсти есть один усик. Два спинных плавника далеко разнесены друг от друга. В первом спинном плавнике пять длинных колючих лучей. Второй спинной плавник отнесён далеко к задней части тела, имеет приподнятое основание и 17—22 мягких лучей. Анальный плавник с 17—22 мягкими лучами расположен напротив второго спинного плавника. Брюшные плавники большие, с одним колючим и 6 мягкими лучами, расположены напротив первого спинного плавника. Грудные плавники маленькие, закруглённые. Хвостовой плавник усечённый, закруглённый или ланцетовидный. Боковая линия отсутствует. Позвонков 32—34. Максимальная длина тела 17 см.

Ареал и места обитания
Широко распространены в Индо-Тихоокеанской области от юга Африки и Красного моря до Таиланда, Японии и Австралии. Обитают в прибрежных водах на скалистых и коралловых рифах, или над песчаными и илистыми грунтами; среди горгонарий, морских лилий и водорослей родов Halimeda, Cystoseira и Sargassum. Могут быстро изменять окраску в зависимости от условий окружающей среды. Питаются мелкими ракообразными, всасывая добычу через длинное рыло. Брюшные плавники у самок образуют выводковый мешок, в котором вынашивается икра (в отличие от представителей семейства Syngnathidae, в котором икру вынашивают самцы).

Классификация
В состав рода включают 6 видов:

Примечания

Ссылки

Игловидные


In this backstage tour of the Festival Theatre you'll be able to find out what goes on behind-the-scenes, learn about the fascinating past of this historic venue, and stand on the stage where hundreds of stars have performed over the years.
The event lasts approximately two hours.
Don't forget to watch out for the ghost of the Great Lafayette!


Super cute set of four shirts or Onesies are any combination of I am the Biggest Brother, I am the Big Brother, I am the Big Sister and I am the Baby in blue for boy. This set can be done with any combination of boys and girls. If you need a different combination please contact me.
Perfect "from the baby" gifts for my three lil monkeys! The images are bright and colorful. The shirts also make it easy to keep track of my littles in the hospital. Fast shipping too.
Second time around buying these shirts! Very happy again. Everyone loved them! Thank you.


More than 3.000 animals of 250 different species, and the largest Camel reserve in Europe awaits you in our facilities.
Discover all the experiences Oasis Park has to offer you: interactions with lemurs, sea lions, Camel Safari,etc.
If you want to make a reservation for groups, please contact us using the following form.
Request your professional membership and you can access and purchase the products and services offered by Oasis Park Fuerteventura including park tickets for your customers, we help them to experience unforgettable moments with your personalized advice.


text:
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Letters in The Times and Financial Times: The Irish Border, Second Referendum and Security
by Briefings For Britain
Written by Briefings For Britain
It's been a busy week for BfB contributors writing to newspapers, including a letter on the Irish Border, signed by 33 BfB contributors printed by The Times as their lead letter, and Graham Gudgin's letter on the same topic to The Financial Times also printed as their lead. We print the full text of those letter and others here.
This Tuesday saw 33 BfB contributors send the following letter to The Times, printed as their lead letter. We print the full text.
"Sir, After a period of drift towards an almost universally unacceptable outcome, it appears that the cabinet is beginning to exert a proper degree of control over government policy, for which it is constitutionally responsible. We welcome the continued rejection of separate status for Northern Ireland and the inclusion of time restrictions on remaining close to a customs union. We also ask for an end to the lamentable policy-making that has led the UK into the present impasse including alarmist forecasting, deceptive statistics, inept diplomacy and poor drafting.
There is more to repair. The government's overprescriptive and misleadingly named "common rule book" and its unworkable customs arrangement are unacceptable and unnecessary. The rule book goes far beyond any other modern free trade agreement. Without it, lorries can still get quickly through ports, even Dover, using electronic customs clearing, existing technology and trusted-trader arrangements (already dominant in non-EU trade). The politically motivated demands concerning the Irish border, damagingly inserted into the withdrawal stage negotiations at the behest of Dublin, must be rejected in favour of a pragmatic approach that Irish customs officials say is possible.
A free trade agreement with modern light border arrangements will serve our economic needs and safeguard our prosperity. We urge the cabinet not to permit the continuation of a policy of concession, prevarication and ambiguity that will weaken and humiliate the United Kingdom, threaten its integrity, and undermine its democracy.
The Right Hon Sir Richard Aikens, former vice-president of the Consultative Council of European Judges
David Blake, professor of finance, Cass Business School
Baroness Deech, former principal of St Anne's College, Oxford
Professor Nigel Biggar, Regius Professor of Moral and Pastoral Theology, University of Oxford
Professor David Collins, professor of international economic law, The City Law School, University of London
Dr Philip Cunliffe, senior lecturer in international conflict, University of Kent
Mr Alexander Darwall, Jupiter Fund Management
Professor Robin Dunbar, department of experimental psychology, University of Oxford
Professor Richard Ekins, associate professor in law, University of Oxford
Dr Graham Gudgin, Judge Business School, University of Cambridge
Dr Bryn Harris, barrister and freedom of speech campaigner
Mr Adrian Hill, former head of commercial department, British Embassy, Seoul
Professor Robert Jackson, professor of international relations, University of Redlands, California
Dr David Lane, Fellow of the academy of social sciences, Emmanuel College, Cambridge
Sir Noel Malcolm, senior research Fellow, All Souls College, Oxford
Sir Paul Marshall, chairman, Marshall Wace
Sir Peter Marshall, former assistant secretary-general of the commonwealth
Mr Rory Maw, bursar, Magdalen College, Oxford
Dr Munira Mirza, arts adviser and writer
Professor Gwythian Prins, emeritus research professor, London School of Economics
Professor Andrew Roberts, historian, visiting Fellow at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University
Professor Robert Rowthorn, economist, University of Cambridge
Dr Daniel Robinson, historian, University of Oxford
Dr Nicholas Shrimpton, University of Oxford
Dr Tom Simpson, philosophy of public policy, University of Oxford
Professor Robert Tombs, historian, University of Cambridge
Mr Edmund Truell, co-founder, the Pension SuperFund
Professor Richard Tuck, professor of government, Harvard University
Mr Peter Udale, chief executive, Pembridge Analytics
Professor Michael Vickers, archaeologist, University of Oxford
Dr Joanna Williams, author and commentator
Dr Ian Winter, neuroscientist, University of Cambridge
Sir Andrew Wood, former UK ambassador to Yugoslavia and to Russia, Associate Fellow, Chatham House"
See this link for the original: https://www.thetimes.co.uk/past-six-days/2018-10-23/comment/border-arrangements-in-northern-ireland-8kc88mt35
Graham Gudgin also sent a letter on the Irish Border to the Financial Times, which was also printed as their lead letter on Tuesday
"Malcom Barr's claim (FT Letters Oct 22nd that 'the EU has always been prepared to be flexible on solutions for the Irish border' is absurd. Anyone who has read the Ireland/Northern protocol of the EU Draft Withdrawal Agreement will see that what is proposed is EU domination of much of Northern Ireland's economy.
The aims go much further than avoiding a hard border and focus on the maintenance of specific measures of cross-border co-operation which have been enacted since the Good Friday Agreement. The EU proposes incorporating Northern Ireland in the EU's common regulatory area and subject to the provisions of Union law on tariffs and quotas, value added tax and excise duties for goods, sanitary and phytosanitary rules, the production and marketing of agricultural and fisheries products, wholesale electricity markets, and environmental protection.
The Agreement also says that the protocol shall be 'applied so as to maintain the necessary conditions for continued North-South cooperation, including in the areas of environment, health, agriculture, transport, education and tourism, as well as energy, telecommunications, broadcasting, inland fisheries, justice and security, higher education and sport'.
Some flexibility!
Dr Graham Gudgin
Centre For Business Research, Judge Business School, University of Cambridge"
See https://www.ft.com/content/424a1ad4-d605-11e8-a854-33d6f82e62f8
On Monday Robert Tombs also contacted The Times on the topic of a second referendum, comparing the advocates of a second referendum to Charles James Fox, who cosied up to Napoleon in the wake of the wake of the French Revolution:
"Sir, Iain Martin sees the attempts of senior Remainers to encourage foreign governments to oppose British policy as reliving the doomed struggles of the Jacobites (Comment, Oct 19). One can indeed see the same blinkered devotion to a lost cause. But in terms of political affinity, self-righteousness and unruffled duplicity, a closer parallel is Charles James Fox, the grandfather of Liberalism, and his Whig followers who supported the French Revolution and Napoleon. Fox boasted that "the triumph of the French government over the English does in fact afford me a degree of pleasure which it is very difficult to disguise". The pretext for their treachery was the bizarre belief that the revolution was the will of God. I suspect their successors today cling to the belief that the EU is also somehow providential. Fox at least realised belatedly that he'd got it wrong.
Professor Robert Tombs
https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/resolving-brexit-with-a-new-referendum-xtv6s9fmg
Meanwhile, in their capacity as members of the Veterans for Britain group, BfB contributors Sir Richard Dearlove and Professor Gwythian Prins, sent two letters to The Times about Olly Robbins and post-Brexit security.
The first letter, 17th October:
"Sir, Sir Mark Sedwill, the acting cabinet secretary, is wrong (letter, Oct 16). It is not critics of the once great British civil service but members of that service in No 10 who need to cease and desist. Olly Robbins and his defence adviser Alastair Brockbank have serious questions of improper conduct to answer — Brockbank for the now infamous "Kit Kat tapes" on which he was secretly recorded seemingly advocating hoodwinking the 17.4 million Britons who voted Leave while covertly working to lock UK defence and security under EU control after Brexit; Robbins for failing to control him and, it appears, sanctioning the "technical note on external security" of May 24 that echoes the tapes.
Veterans for Britain has just published a full analysis of how the prime minister's proposals put the autonomy of our armed forces in jeopardy and risk fatally compromising our "Five Eyes" intelligence alliance. It is by far the worst aspect of the Chequers deal and hitherto has not been made clear to the British public.
The EU has no business being in defence or security at all. These are either Nato or nation-to-nation matters. The UK should withdraw all proposals to the EU in these areas. The withdrawal agreement and proposed defence treaty would keep the UK under EU power permanently after the transition period. This is not what the people voted for.
Major-General Julian Thompson RM, chairman, Veterans for Britain; Sir Richard Dearlove, former chief of the Secret Intelligence Service; Rear-Admiral Roger Lane-Nott, naval board member VfB; Professor Gwythian Prins, academic board member VfB"
The second letter, 23rd October:
"Sir, We welcome the interventions of Lord Armstrong of Ilminster and Lord Butler of Brockwell ("Impartiality and the civil service", letter, Oct 20). We are certainly critical of Theresa May, a diminished prime minister who is manifestly in office but not in power. In terms of Lord Armstrong's arresting analogy, it is rightly the prime minister's duty as organ-grinder to control the boy organ grinder Oliver Robbins and his monkey Alastair Brockbank; and if she lacks the grip to deliver the will of the People's Vote 2016, then surely now is the time to hand over to a Conservative who can unpick the mess that she has made?
The civil service is not what it was in the day of Armstrong and Butler, diminished by "merry go round" mandarin appointments that have undermined departmental loyalty and expertise. It has a more partisan senior leadership. Robbins is the product of this recent culture. A return towards the status quo ante might in time restore civil service confidence and confidence in the civil service.
Major-General Julian Thompson RM, chairman, Veterans for Britain; Rear Admiral Roger Lane-Nott, naval board member,VfB; Professor Gwythian Prins, academic board member, VfB; Sir Richard Dearlove, former chief of the Secret Intelligence Service"
See https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/a-second-vote-and-respect-for-democracy-770t8h5xr and https://www.thetimes.co.uk/past-six-days/2018-10-23/comment/border-arrangements-in-northern-ireland-8kc88mt35
Newsletter to subscribers – October 28th 2018
Newsletter to subscribers – November 4th 2018
Briefings For Britain
Newsletter 10 Jan 2021
Featured • Blog • News
Combatting Remainer versions of Brexit history
by Graham Gudgin
Featured • Post Brexit • News
Brexit delivered: what Peston said.
by Brian Morris
Newsletter 20 Dec 2020
Newsletter 7 Dec 2020
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text:
Wndsn Expedition Team
Berlin - Outpost Of Freedom
High Frequency Research
Observe Evaluate Control
GITD Vs Chemlight Vs Tritium
Charging GITD
Measuring Light
MIL Vs MRAD Vs NATO-MIL
Quadrant Telemeter
Range Calculator
Wndsn XPD
Looking for the Wndsn store? This way, please.
Wndsn's Applied Science Lab, based in Berlin, develops and manufactures that which can't be improvised; measurement, navigation, and surveying instruments informed by the motto 'Ex Mensura, Scientia' - knowledge from measurement. Wndsn produces archival quality products that are designed with intent by combining techniques proven over centuries; arcane science meets cutting edge contemporary methods, resulting in iconic, timeless, high-utility designs.
One field of our ongoing research is illumination, specifically passive, and emergency light solutions.
The "brightness" of light can mean different things: for example, the amount of light coming from a light source is luminous flux (lumens), the amount of light falling on a surface is illuminance (lux), and the amount of light reflected off a surface is luminance (cd/m2).
Illuminance is a measure of how much luminous flux is spread over a given area. One can think of luminous flux (measured in lumens) as a measure of the total "amount" of visible light present, and the illuminance as a measure of the intensity of illumination on a surface. A given amount of light will illuminate a surface more dimly if it is spread over a larger area, so illuminance (lux) is inversely proportional to area when the luminous flux (lumens) is held constant.
One lux is equal to one lumen per square metre: 1 lx = 1 lm/m2 = 1 cd * sr/m2
A flux of 1,000 lumens, concentrated into an area of one square metre, lights up that square metre with an illuminance of 1,000 lux. However, the same 1,000 lumens, spread out over ten square metres, produces a dimmer illuminance of only 100 lux.
Definitions and units
Radiant flux (W (watt)) is a measure of radiometric power. Flux, expressed in watts, is a measure of the rate of energy flow, in joules per second. Since photon energy is inversely proportional to wavelength, ultraviolet photons are more powerful than visible or infrared.
Luminous flux (lm (lumen)) is a measure of the power of visible light.
Photopic flux, expressed in lumens, is weighted to match the responsivity of the human eye, which is most sensitive to yellow-green.
Scotopic flux is weighted to the sensitivity of the human eye in the dark adapted state.
Irradiance (W/cm2 (watts per square centimeter)) is a measure of radiometric flux per unit area, or flux density.
Illuminance (lx = lm/m2 (lumens per square meter)) is a measure of photometric flux per unit area, or visible flux density. Illuminance is typically expressed in lux (lumens per square meter) or foot-candles (lumens per square foot).
Radiance (W/cm2/sr (watts per sq. cm per steradian)) is a measure of the flux density per unit solid viewing angle, expressed in W/cm2/sr. Radiance is independent of distance for an extended area source, because the sampled area increases with distance, cancelling inverse square losses.
Luminance (lm/m2/sr (lumens per sq. cm per steradian)) is a measure of the luminous intensity per unit area of light travelling in a given direction. It describes the amount of light that passes through, is emitted or reflected from a particular area, and falls within a given solid angle. The SI unit for luminance is candela per square metre (cd/m2).
Radiant Intensity (W/sr (watts per steradian)) is a measure of radiometric power per unit solid angle, expressed in watts per steradian.
Luminous intensity (cd = lm/sr (lumens per steradian)) is a measure of visible power per solid angle, expressed in candela (lumens per steradian). Intensity is related to irradiance by the inverse square law.
Light levels under various conditions
Illumination          Condition
ftcd        lx
9,290   100,000       Direct Sunlight
1,000    10,752       Full Daylight
100     1,075       Overcast Day
10       107       Very Dark Day
1        10.8     Twilight
0.1       1.08    Deep Twilight
0.01      0.108   Full Moon
0.001     0.0108  Quarter Moon
0.0001    0.0011  Starlight
Luminance   Condition
cd/m2
7,000       Average Clear Sky
2,000       Average Cloudy Sky
250       Peak Luminance Of An LCD Monitor
80       Monitor White In SRGB
30       Green Electroluminescent Source
2       Floodlit Buildings, Monuments, And Fountains
1       State-Of-The-Art (2015) GITD Pigment After 10 min
0.04    Phosphorescent Markings On A Watch Dial After 1 h
0.001   Night Sky
Measuring Light Levels
Light Measurement Handbook
Orders of magnitude (luminance)
Electric Light Sources
What today's consumers need to know about lumens
Recommended light levels - illuminance - for some types of working activities
Shop Wndsn Quadrant Telemeters
© 2021 Wndsn Messtechnik UG (haftungsbeschränkt) | All rights reserved | Impressum | Last update: 2020-10-14


Some essential oils that are specifically used for periodic immune support* are: Wild Orange, doTERRA On Guard®, Thyme, and Lemon. You can diffuse these oils, put them on the bottom of your child's feet, or put them in their water. You can also make the cleansing hand gel linked below to keep in your child's backpack.
The OnGuard and Lemon are included in the Natural Solutions, Home Essentials and Family Physician Starter kits!


How to Solder copper wire to aluminum foil.
How to Solder copper wire to aluminum foil. I will be making some disposable variable capacitors later today for some magnetic loop antennas. This is also a useful technique to solder copper braid to an antenna. I think you can use any oil. the important thing to remember is keeping Oxygen form the foil. You don't want it to oxidize before you get the solder down.


text:
Home » Travel
Alamo Accolades
Famous Texas landmarks earn huge international honor — first for state
Tubular Times
Feel like floating? Here are the top tubing destinations around Austin
Love for Love
Dallas airport declared one of America's best by smart travelers
By Nicole Raney
Dallas Love Field has earned a top honor as one of the best airports in the country. The travel hub ranks No. 4 on Travel + Leisure's list of best domestic airports.
T+L's savvy readers determined the winners as part of the magazine's World's Best Awards. Readers rated airports based on criteria such as location/access, check-in/security, restaurants/bars, shopping and design.
It's no surprise that the newly revamped Love Field has charmed travelers: It's brimming with local flavor, including many of Dallas' iconic restaurants, such as Stephan Pyles' Sky Canyon, Cru Wine Bar, Cool River Cafe, Campisi's and Paciugo Gelato. Plus it has a pretty nice selection of public art.
Another Texas airport, Austin-Bergstrom International, claims the No. 5 spot.
Portland International Airport ranks No. 1, followed by Tampa International Airport at No. 2 and Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport at No. 3.
This website is your new secret to booking the best hotel rates
Dallas Love Field Airport


text:
South Africa's pomegranate industry is taking root
Featured Top Stories Top Stories
South African pomegranate growers are expecting crops to double and are forecasting a 25% year-on-year rise of exports for the coming season.
Export and import company Sapex told www.freshfruitportal.com the sector is relatively new, having started just four years ago.
Sapex chief operating officer Kobus Louw, said the industry had been growing exponentially but was still small compared to the U.S.
"There have been a lot of plantings in the last three to four years and we are expecting the crop this season, and the following, to double and then for it to stabilize over the next few years," he said.
The industry has yet to compile official figures but it is estimated last season 400,000 cartons were exported, with the prediction this year that at least 500,000 cartons will be shipped.
Louw said he expected bigger volumes in 2012 with the season starting at the end of February.
"The trees are now more established and they can bear more fruit, and in three to four years we are expecting real volumes."
He said this year there were 100 hectares of new plantings, bringing the total volume of hectares to between 1,200-1,300. Key cultivars are Aco, Wonderful and Herskovitz.
The industry is exporting the fruit fresh, packaged in punnets and also as juice. Europe is the largest import market followed by Russia, the Far East and the U.K.
Photo: Guiafitness.com
www.freshfruitportal.com
In Ukraine a $15.5M project will alleviate disruptions to ag sector caused by war


text:
<!DOCTYPE html>

    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>lib/component.jsx - itsa-react-input</title>
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            API Docs for: 0.0.1

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Input

itsa-react-input

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File: lib/component.jsx

"use strict";

require("itsa-dom");

const React = require("react"),
    PropTypes = require("prop-types"),
    ReactDom = require("react-dom"),
    later = require("itsa-utils").later,
    MAIN_CLASS = "itsa-input",
    MAIN_CLASS_PREFIX = MAIN_CLASS+"-",
    FORM_ELEMENT_CLASS_SPACED = " itsa-formelement",
    SPACED_MAIN_CLASS_PREFIX = " "+MAIN_CLASS_PREFIX,
    ELEMENT = "element";

class Input extends React.Component {
    constructor(props) {
        super(props);
        const instance = this;
        instance.state = {
            focussed: !!props.autoFocus
        };
        instance.element = instance.element.bind(instance);
        instance.focus = instance.focus.bind(instance);
        instance.handleBlur = instance.handleBlur.bind(instance);
        instance.handleChange = instance.handleChange.bind(instance);
        instance.handleClick = instance.handleClick.bind(instance);
        instance.handleContainerFocus = instance.handleContainerFocus.bind(instance);
        instance.handleFocus = instance.handleFocus.bind(instance);
        instance.handleKeyDown = instance.handleKeyDown.bind(instance);
        instance.handleKeyPress = instance.handleKeyPress.bind(instance);
        instance.handleKeyUp = instance.handleKeyUp.bind(instance);
        instance._mergeDataAttrs = instance._mergeDataAttrs.bind(instance);
    }

    /**
     * componentDidMount will call `this.activatePlaces()`;
     *
     * @method componentDidMount
     * @since 0.0.1
     */
    componentDidMount() {
        const instance = this;
        instance._inputNode = instance._domNode.querySelector("."+MAIN_CLASS_PREFIX+ELEMENT);
        if (instance.props.autoFocus) {
            instance._focusLater = later(() => instance.focus(), 50);
        }
    }

    /**
     * componentWilUnmount does some cleanup.
     *
     * @method componentWillUnmount
     * @since 0.0.1
     */
    componentWillUnmount() {
        this._focusLater && this._focusLater.cancel();
    }

    /**
     * Returns the rendered React-Element that serves as the source dom-element
     *
     * @method element
     * @param props {Object} props to be passed through to the Component
     * @return ReactComponent
     * @since 0.0.4
     */
    element(props) {
        return (<input {...props} />);
    }

    /**
     * Sets the focus on the Component.
     *
     * @method focus
     * @param [transitionTime] {Number} transition-time to focus the element into the view
     * @chainable
     * @since 0.0.1
     */
    focus(transitionTime) {
        let node, length;
        const props = this.props;
        if (!props.readOnly && !props.disabled) {
            node = this._inputNode;
            node.itsa_focus && node.itsa_focus(null, null, transitionTime);
            if (node.setSelectionRange) {
                length = node.value.length;
                node.setSelectionRange(length, length);
            }
        }
        return this;
    }

    /**
     * The method that is called whenever the input-Element gets blurred.
     * It will change its internal state, so that the css looks right and
     * also any validation-messages appear.
     *
     * @method handleBlur
     * @param e {Object} event-payload
     * @since 0.0.1
     */
    handleBlur(e) {
        const instance = this,
            props = instance.props;
        instance.changed = false;
        instance.setState({
            focussed: false
        });
        props.onBlur && props.onBlur(e);
    }

    /**
     * The method that is called whenever the input-Element changes its value.
     * Will update the Redux-store (signupuser.homeaddress);
     *
     * @method handleChange
     * @param e {Object} event-payload
     * @since 0.0.1
     */
    handleChange(e) {
        const instance = this,
            props = instance.props;
        if (!props.readOnly && !props.disabled) {
            instance.changed = true;
            props.onChange(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * The method that is called whenever the input-Element gets clicked.
     *
     * @method handleClick
     * @param e {Object} event-payload
     * @since 0.1.0
     */
    handleClick(e) {
        const props = this.props;
        if (!props.readOnly && !props.disabled && props.onClick) {
            props.onClick(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Callback that sets the focus to the descendent element by calling `focus()`
     *
     * @method handleContainerFocus
     * @param e {Object} event-payload
     * @since 0.1.0
     */
    handleContainerFocus(e) {
        (e.target===e.currentTarget) && this.focus();
    }

    /**
     * The method that is called whenever the input-Element gets the focus.
     * It will change its internal state, so that the css looks right and
     * also any validation-messages disappear.
     *
     * @method handleFocus
     * @param e {Object} event-payload
     * @since 0.0.1
     */
    handleFocus(e) {
        const props = this.props;
        if (!props.readOnly && !props.disabled) {
            this.changed = false;
            this.setState({
                focussed: true
            });
            props.onFocus && props.onFocus(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * The method that is called whenever the input-Element recieves a keyDown.
     *
     * @method handleKeyDown
     * @param e {Object} event-payload
     * @since 0.1.0
     */
    handleKeyDown(e) {
        const props = this.props;
        if (!props.readOnly && !props.disabled && props.onKeyDown) {
            props.onKeyDown(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * The method that is called whenever the input-Element recieves a keyPress.
     *
     * @method handleKeyPress
     * @param e {Object} event-payload
     * @since 0.1.0
     */
    handleKeyPress(e) {
        const props = this.props;
        if (!props.readOnly && !props.disabled) {
            if (props.onKeyEnter && (e.charCode===13)) {
                props.onKeyEnter();
            }
            props.onKeyPress && props.onKeyPress(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * The method that is called whenever the input-Element recieves a keyUp.
     *
     * @method handleKeyUp
     * @param e {Object} event-payload
     * @since 0.1.0
     */
    handleKeyUp(e) {
        this.props.onKeyUp && this.props.onKeyUp(e);
    }

    /**
     * React render-method --> renderes the Component.
     *
     * @method render
     * @return ReactComponent
     * @since 0.0.1
     */
    render() {
        let wrapperClass = MAIN_CLASS+FORM_ELEMENT_CLASS_SPACED,
            inputClass = MAIN_CLASS_PREFIX+ELEMENT,
            label, errorMsg, help, inputProps, ariaRequired;
        const instance = this,
            props = instance.props,
            element = props.element || instance.element,
            value = String(props.value),
            type = props.type || "text",
            readOnly = props.readOnly || false,
            disabled = props.disabled || false,
            errored = (!instance.changed &&
                (props.validated===false) &&
                props.formValidated);

        props.className && (wrapperClass+=" "+props.className);
        props.classNameInput && (inputClass+=" "+props.classNameInput);
        errored && (wrapperClass+=SPACED_MAIN_CLASS_PREFIX+"error");
        instance.state.focused && (wrapperClass+=SPACED_MAIN_CLASS_PREFIX+"focus");
        disabled && (wrapperClass+=" disabled");
        readOnly && (wrapperClass+=" readonly");

        if (props.markValidated && !errored && !instance.state.focussed && !instance.changed && value && props.validated) {
            wrapperClass += SPACED_MAIN_CLASS_PREFIX+"feedback-success";
        }
        else if (props.markRequired && !value) {
            wrapperClass += SPACED_MAIN_CLASS_PREFIX+"required";
            ariaRequired = true;
        }

        if (errored && props.errorMsg) {
            errorMsg = (<div className={MAIN_CLASS_PREFIX+"error-text"}>{props.errorMsg}</div>);
        }

        if (props.helpText) {
            help = (<div className={MAIN_CLASS_PREFIX+"help-text"}>{props.helpText}</div>);
        }

        inputProps = {
            "aria-disabled": disabled,
            "aria-invalid": errored,
            "aria-readonly": readOnly,
            "aria-required": ariaRequired,
            className: inputClass,
            disabled,
            id: props.id,
            name: props.name,
            onBlur: instance.handleBlur,
            onChange: instance.handleChange,
            onClick: instance.handleClick,
            onFocus: instance.handleFocus,
            onKeyDown: instance.handleKeyDown,
            onKeyPress: instance.handleKeyPress,
            onKeyUp: instance.handleKeyUp,
            placeholder: props.placeholder,
            role: "textbox",
            readOnly,
            type,
            value
        };

        // merge all data-props:
        instance._mergeDataAttrs(inputProps);

        return (
            <div
                className={wrapperClass}
                onFocus={instance.handleContainerFocus}
                ref={node => instance._domNode = node}
                style={props.style}
                tabIndex={props.tabIndex} >
                {label}
                <div className={MAIN_CLASS_PREFIX+"inputbox"}>
                    {element.call(this, inputProps)}
                    {errorMsg}
                </div>
                {help}
            </div>
        );
    }

    /**
     * Merges the `data-*` attributes from props into the object
     *
     * @method _mergeDataAttrs
     * @param inputProps {object} the source props which will be extended
     * @private
     * @return object all the data-* attributes
     * @since 0.2.0
     */
    _mergeDataAttrs(inputProps) {
        const props = this.props,
             keys = Object.keys(props);

        keys.forEach(function(key) {
            (key.substr(0,5).toLowerCase()==="data-") && (inputProps[key]=props[key]);
        });
    }
}

Input.propTypes = {
    /**
     * Whether to autofocus the Component.
     *
     * @property autoFocus
     * @type Boolean
     * @since 0.0.1
    */
    autoFocus: PropTypes.bool,

    /**
     * The class that should be set on the element
     *
     * @property className
     * @type String
     * @since 0.0.1
    */
    className: PropTypes.string,

    /**
     * The class that should be set on the underlying input-element
     *
     * @property classNameInput
     * @type String
     * @since 0.0.1
    */
    classNameInput: PropTypes.string,

    /**
     * The error-message that appears when the element is wrong validated.
     *
     * @property errorMsg
     * @type String
     * @since 0.0.1
    */
    errorMsg: PropTypes.string,

    /**
     * Whether the component is disabled
     *
     * @property disabled
     * @type Boolean
     * @since 0.0.1
    */
    disabled: PropTypes.bool,

    /**
     * Whether the parent-form has been validated.
     * This value is needed to determine if the validate-status should be set.
     *
     * @property formValidated
     * @type Boolean
     * @since 0.0.1
    */
    formValidated: PropTypes.bool,

    /**
     * The text that should appear when the element is wrong validated.
     *
     * @property helpText
     * @type String
     * @since 0.0.1
    */
    helpText: PropTypes.string,

    /**
     * The `id` of the element.
     *
     * @property id
     * @type String
     * @since 0.0.1
    */
    id: PropTypes.string,

    /**
     * Whether to mark the Component when successfully validated.
     *
     * @property markValidated
     * @type Boolean
     * @since 0.0.1
    */
    markValidated: PropTypes.bool,

    /**
     * Whether the Component should show an validate-reclamation (star)
     *
     * @property markValidated
     * @type Boolean
     * @since 0.0.1
    */
    markRequired: PropTypes.bool,

    /**
     * The `name` for the element.
     *
     * @property name
     * @type String
     * @since 0.0.1
    */
    name: PropTypes.string,

    /**
     * The `onBlur` function, when happening on the DOM-Element.
     *
     * @property onBlur
     * @type Function
     * @since 0.1.0
    */
    onBlur: PropTypes.func,

    /**
     * The `onChange` function, which should update the `state`.
     *
     * @property onChange
     * @type Function
     * @since 0.0.1
    */
    onChange: PropTypes.func.isRequired,

    /**
     * The `onClick` function, when happening on the DOM-Element.
     *
     * @property onClick
     * @type Function
     * @since 0.0.1
    */
    onClick: PropTypes.func,

    /**
     * The `onFocus` function, when happening on the DOM-Element.
     *
     * @property onFocus
     * @type Function
     * @since 0.1.0
    */
    onFocus: PropTypes.func,

    /**
     * The `onKeyDown` function, when happening on the DOM-Element.
     *
     * @property onKeyDown
     * @type Function
     * @since 0.1.0
    */
    onKeyDown: PropTypes.func,

    /**
     * The `onKeyEnter` function, when the enter-key is pressed.
     *
     * @property onKeyEnter
     * @type Function
     * @since 0.1.0
    */
    onKeyEnter: PropTypes.func,

    /**
     * The `onKeyPress` function, when happening on the DOM-Element.
     *
     * @property onKeyPress
     * @type Function
     * @since 0.1.0
    */
    onKeyPress: PropTypes.func,

    /**
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Edwards v. Aguillard, 482 U.S. 578 (1987), was a United States Supreme Court case ... Decided June 19, 1987. Full case name, Edwin W. Edwards, Governor of Louisiana, et al., Appellants v. Don Aguillard et al. Citations, 482 U.S. 578 (more).
After Indiana charged respondent Edwards with attempted murder and other crimes ... the intermediate appellate court on the ground that Faretta and Godinez v.


I have news for you: that is how we dress[ed].
I know, we can't apply modern thinking to the past– that's crap historiography. But why do we resist using the same correct patterns for historic garments when we are clearly dressing alike today?
I've not yet read a paper on the similarity of women's dress in Robert Feke or John Copley's portraits that really convinced me, but if you look at enough of them, you might think there's only one woman and one dress in all of British North America, because Badger and Greenwood are painting her, too.
Even if those clothes are studio props, what does it say that the sitters wanted to be portrayed in the same clothes? Look, if that's the only means of getting myself into a Charles James, you bet I'd take it. Or, for a more contemporary analogue, Alexander McQueen.
Dressing is about status as much as it is about self-expression, and in the 18th century, dressing signaled refinement, sensibility, and status through the quality of fabric as much as through the cut of clothes. Air Jordans do the same thing today, or North Face jackets, or Kate Spade purses. They show what you can afford, even if you're eating oatmeal for dinner behind closed doors.
We dress the same now, and we dressed the same then, with variations according to pocketbook. We can't all afford K&P superfine wool today any more than we could have bought the best wools or prints in the 18th century. But using accurate patterns and fabrics appropriate to our station will create the best impressions possible– even if my gown is cut to the same pattern as my wealthier acquaintance's.
What a great point! If you look carefully at early 19th century American portraits, for example, many women seem to be wearing the "same black/blue/brown/green" dress. But if you keep looking you'll see an amazing variety of collars, cuffs, waistbands, jewelry and accessories, and realize that even within the highly defined fashion dictates of the time, women showed their individuality quite well!
I remember mufti days at high school – everyone joyfully ditched the uniform for the day & wore jeans+t-shirt. Only a couple of other people realised that they'd swapped one uniform for another. The social stigma for not owning jeans was a really good lesson in conformity of clothing.
I agree to a point–I think it depends on what we define as "same." We do misrepresent the past if we have two hundred women milling about an event, all wearing identically patterned linen gowns, with the same cap, and a choice of two blue checks for their aprons. No jackets, no quilted petticoats, no bedgowns, no cotton prints, no variations on the gown. Fortunately, I think we have little risk of that happening. One of the easiest ways to do it *right* is to use the vetted, correct patterns and fabric that plenty of other people use. I understand why some want to avoid doing that. Heck, I want to avoid doing that–I like branching out into uncharted territory and researching the crap out of something to present something a little different to the public. But if you're not going to get into that "research the crap out of it" part (I own that I love it and that makes me a nerd), there's nothing wrong with sticking with the established good stuff. There's plenty of variety within the established good stuff, too, to represent a wide variety of the era's clothing.
The resistance to researched patterns or researched variations is really what annoys me…as I think it does many people. We can't all be outliers, and to be identical would be wrong as well. Still, I think we can all use the same [even general] pattern in different enough ways that we will represent a reasonable and probable level of variation.
I looked again at some event photos and noticed how we were all using the same basic pattern, but one in blue linen, one in changeable silk, one in a cotton, so they all looked very different, and were accessorized differently. That seemed OK to me; we had each researched our fabrics and accessories, so the different "class" levels were expressed, and different interpretive points made.
Aside from recreating a specific portrait, that seemed like a well-met goal.
Out here in the hinterlands, I find the hardest part of all this is learning about the fabrics. What is the proper weight and feel for the wool for a cloak? How do I know if the drape of my cotton or linen is right? Really, the prints and patterns are easier–we can look at examples via computer screens–but there's so much more to it in texture, weight, drape, etc.!! Aside from everyone around here using the same dress pattern (the Past Patterns Lewis & Clark Dress), it feels like the fabric selections are our biggest struggle in the "sameness" category as well as the "authenticity" category. There are precious few shops selling good quality fabric, and even the good stuff is questionable for our purposes. I can order swatches from those supplying goods to re-enactors, but I still don't have a firm grasp of my appropriate choices.
I would love to read a good essay from you, Kitty, on how you research, source, and select your fabrics!
That Lewis & Clark dress is pretty popular everywhere! I'll work on fabric choices, though we are often all in the same boat, given the dwindling number of fabric stores.
I very much agree! There are so many variations in cut and fabric that can be used to make gowns distinguishable from each other (someday I will see my 18th century book published …), not to mention different styles of trimming – but underneath it all, even fashionable women were wearing essentially the same gown.