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News24 named SA's 'most trusted source of news' by Reuters
24 Jun 2019 13:30 Media 225
News24, South Africa's biggest news website, has been named as South Africa's 'most trusted source of news' in a Digital News Report conducted by the Reuters Institute.
"News24 has a strong reputation for trust built on the back of investments in breaking news," says the Reuters Institute in its first digital news survey in South Africa.
The institute says it was particularly impressed by News24's reach — 70% of the Reuters Institute's English-speaking sample access News24 at least once a week, which was "one of the highest reach levels seen anywhere in our global survey".
News24 outperformed the SABC, the public broadcaster, that came second on being accessed weekly by 45% of respondents, followed by ENCA on 28% of respondents. "South Africa has one of the most diverse and independent digital news sectors in Africa. The online news space is dominated by a digital-only brand, News24," the report says.
"This success is partly a consequence of its parent company's early adoption of the potential of the internet and prescient attention to mobile delivery platforms, but also a testament to News24's focus on making news that is designed for digital consumption timelines and attention spans."
The institute highlights the role played by News24, the Daily Maverick and amaBhungane in cooperating on the #GuptaLeaks series of articles that contributed to the end of the Zuma era of state capture and corruption.
News24 editor-in-chief Adriaan Basson says, "The recognition is a testament to the investment Media24 has made over the past decade to improve the quality and quantity of News24's journalism. I am incredibly proud to lead a team of such hard-working and dedicated journalists, who have embraced technology and data to give their stories wings."
Basson adds, "With so much fake news around, and the resistance of social platforms to act against the purveyors of misinformation and hate, readers are increasingly turning to us for the truth and balanced opinion. We must earn that trust and the only way to do so is through quality journalism."
For more information, visit www.news24.com. You can also follow News24 on Facebook, Twitter or on Instagram.
News24 trusted source of news trustworthy news source South Africa Reuters Institute

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The exodus of the Hyksos pharaohs from Egypt to Jerusalem is an incredibly similar event to the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt to Jerusalem. Classical historians will not entertain any connection between the two, because this infers that the Israelite leaders were actually pharaohs of Egypt. However, Ralph Ellis has taken this obvious comparison and demonstrated the royal Egyptian ancestry of the Judaic patriarchs and also of Jesus.
Ralph has also uncovered evidence for the New Testament Saul (St Paul) in the historical record, a discovery that brings with it several new accounts of the life of Jesus. Saul, the inventor of Christianity, was actually Josephus Flavius, a well-known historian. Jesus was the governor of Tiberias and owned a castle there; and he may have died during the siege of Jerusalem in about AD70, rather than AD 33.
'Cleopatra to Christ' ... (King Jesus Trilogy - New Testament history).


The Philippines is currently implementing twice-yearly vitamin A supplementation and fortification of staples (wheat flour, oil, and rice) as a population-wide approach to manage micronutrient deficiencies. A2Z supports national entities such as the Food and Nutrition Research Institute and institutions associated with food fortification.
The objective of A2Z in the Philippines is to achieve 80-90 percent coverage of vitamin A supplementation of children 6-59 months old and to improve coverage of high risk groups such as sick children and postpartum women. In USAID-supported provinces, A2Z facilitates twice-yearly vitamin A supplementation rounds directly and in collaboration with Helen Keller International (HKI). At the national level, the project is helping build the capacity to ensure the quality of supplements that are procured locally. A2Z strengthens Local Government Unit (LGU) Health Management Systems by providing technical assistance to nine provinces and one region to prepare Provincial/ Regional Investment Health Plans and to use data from the health management information system for planning and decision-making.
A2Z facilitates USAID mission support for the food fortification activities of the government and the private sector. This involves certification of the proficiency of laboratories in analyzing fortified foods, preparation of a standard for iron rice premix, and assistance to the Bureau of Food and Drugs for food inspection. The project conducted an assessment of the feasibility of rice fortification in the Philippines in 2007.
A2Z's contribution to scaling up a Maternal Anemia Reduction Package involved advocacy at the provincial level, identification of implementation barriers to anemia reduction, development of strategies for large-scale implementation, and microplanning at the Local Government Unit (LGU) level. A2Z also provided technical assistance to the Food and Nutrition Research Institute for an in-depth analysis of its 2003 National Nutrition Survey.
A2Z supported the National Center for Disease Prevention and Control of the Department of Health in drafting and finalizing the administrative order for zinc, in consultation with the National Nutrition Council, International Aid, and UNICEF. In December 2007 the government signed a policy on the use of zinc supplementation and reformulated oral rehydration salts in the management of childhood diarrhea. With this legal mandate now in place, A2Z has assisted the Bureau of Food and Drugs in processing applications of two pharmaceutical firms for zinc drops/syrups for diarrhea management.


The Common Core standards have now been adopted in the majority of states, to our relief or disappointment, depending upon our understanding of the standards. My impression is that some of the negative reactions to Common Core have not so much to do with the standards themselves as with how they are interpreted or implemented. Let me make a few observations about them with reference to classics of American nonfiction.


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The List Monastic Island of Reichenau
Monastic Island of Reichenau
The island of Reichenau on Lake Constance preserves the traces of the Benedictine monastery, founded in 724, which exercised remarkable spiritual, intellectual and artistic influence. The churches of St Mary and Marcus, St Peter and St Paul, and St George, mainly built between the 9th and 11th centuries, provide a panorama of early medieval monastic architecture in central Europe. Their wall paintings bear witness to impressive artistic activity.
Île monastique de Reichenau
L'île de Reichenau, sur le lac de Constance, conserve les vestiges d'un monastère bénédictin, fondé en 724, qui a connu un remarquable rayonnement spirituel, intellectuel et artistique. Les églises Sainte-Marie et Marcus, Saint-Pierre et Saint-Paul, et Saint-Georges, édifiées en majeure partie entre le IXe et le XIe siècle, offrent un panorama de l'architecture monastique du début du Moyen Age en Europe centrale. Leurs peintures murales attestent d'une impressionnante activité artistique.
جزيرة رايخيناو الرهبانية
تحتفظ جزيرة رايخيناو الواقعة على بحيرة كونستانس ببقايا دير لرهبان البينيدكتيين تأسس في العام 724وعرف إشعاعاً روحياً وفنياً وفكرياً كبيراً جداً. وتقدّم كنائس القديسة مريم وماركس والقديس بطرس والقديس بولس والقديس جاورجيوس، التي شيّدت في غالبيتها بين القرنين التاسع والحادي عشر، بانوراما عن الهندسة المعمارية الرهبانية التي تعود إلى بدايات العصور الوسطى في أوروبا الوسطى. وتشهد جدرانياتها على النشاط الفني الكبير.
赖谢瑙修道院之岛
德国康斯坦茨湖(Lake Constance)中的赖谢瑙岛上完好地保存着贝纳迪克汀修道院(Benedictine monastery)的历史遗迹。该修道院建于公元724年,在宗教、认知和艺术方面都曾有过巨大影响。岛上的圣玛丽与马库斯教堂、圣彼得教堂、圣保罗教堂和圣乔治教堂都建于公元9世纪至11世纪之间,为中世纪早期的修道院式建筑提供了一幅可贵的全景图。教堂里的壁画则是各种影响深远的艺术活动的见证。
Монастырский остров Райхенау
На острове Райхенау на Боденском озере сохранились остатки бенедектинского монастыря, основанного в 724 г. и имевшего большое духовное, интеллектуальное и художественное влияние. Церкви Св. Марии и Марка, Св. Петра и Павла и Св. Георгия, в основном построенные в IX-XI вв., создают картину монастырской архитектуры раннего средневековья в Центральной Европе. Их настенные росписи являются образцами высокого художественного мастерства.
Isla monástica de Reichenau
Situada en el lago Constanza, la Isla Reichenau conserva vestigios de un monasterio benedictino, fundado en el año 724, que ejerció una gran influencia espiritual, intelectual y artística. Las tres iglesias de Santa María y San Marcos, San Pedro y San Pablo, y San Jorge, construidas entre los siglos IX y XI, ofrecen una visión de conjunto de la arquitectura monástica medieval de Europa Central. Sus numerosos murales atestiguan la existencia de una extraordinaria actividad artística.
僧院の島ライヒェナウ
ドイツ南西部、コンスタンツ湖に浮かぶライヒェナウ島。最初の修道院は724年に創立されたベネディクト会修道院で、簡素なホール式教会と修道士集会所の遺構がある。ほかに9~11世紀に建設された聖マリア大聖堂、聖ペテロ教会、聖パウロ教会、聖ゲオルク修道院などもある。さながら中央ヨーロッパにおける中世初期の修道院・教会建築のパノラマの観を呈している。中世初期における修道院文化の重要な中心地であった。
Kloostereiland Reichenau
Het eiland Reichenau in het Bodenmeer bewaart de sporen van het Benedictijner klooster, dat in 724 werd gesticht en een opmerkelijke geestelijke, intellectuele en artistieke invloed uitoefende. De kerken van Maria en Marcus, Petrus en Paulus, en Gregorius, die voornamelijk tussen de 9e en 11e eeuw gebouwd zijn, zorgen voor een panorama van vroege middeleeuwse kloosterarchitectuur in Centraal-Europa. Hun muurschilderingen getuigen van een indrukwekkende artistieke activiteit. Het klooster van Reichenau was een artistiek centrum van grote betekenis voor de geschiedenis van de kunst in Europa in de 10e en 11e eeuw, zoals te zien is aan zijn muurschilderingen en ornamenten.
The Monastic Island of Reichenau on Lake Constance in south-west Germany represents a masterpiece of human creative genius as the ensemble of the three churches on the monastic island constitutes an exceptional example of an integrated group of medieval churches retaining elements of Carolingian, Ottonian, and Salian architecture that are relevant to the history of architecture. The Benedictine monastery was an important artistic centre of its time, superbly illustrated by its monumental wall paintings and its illuminations, and is of great significance to the art history in Europe of the 10th and 11th centuries.
The crossing, transepts, and chancel of the Carolingian cruciform basilica of Mittelzell, consecrated in 816, are exceptional both in their size and their excellent state of conservation, and constitute a major example of this particular type of crossing (ausgeschiedene Vierung) in Europe. Equally important are the surviving parts of the Carolingian monastery with a heating system modelled according to ancient Roman examples. The transepts and apse of the church of St Mary and Mark (1048), linked to the Carolingian parts by the nave, are equally important to the history of European architecture. The wall paintings in the apse of the church of St Peter and Paul at Niederzell are of exceptional quality, and constitute one of the earliest depictions of the Maiestas surviving north of the Alps. The wall paintings decorating the nave of the church of St George at Oberzell are artistically outstanding and constitute the only example of a complete and largely preserved set of pre-1000 scenic wall paintings north of the Alps.
Criterion (iii): The remains of the Reichenau foundation bear outstanding witness to the religious and cultural role of a great Benedictine monastery in the early Middle Ages.
Criterion (iv): The churches on the island of Reichenau retain remarkable elements of several stages of construction and thus offer outstanding examples of monastic architecture in Central Europe from the 9th to the 11th centuries.
Criterion (vi): The Monastery of Reichenau was an important artistic centre of great significance to the history of art in Europe in the 10th and 11th centuries, as is superbly illustrated by its monumental wall paintings and its illuminations.
All elements necessary to express the Outstanding Universal Value are present in the dispersed buildings across the island, a legacy of the socio-economic structure of the Middle Ages, which has shaped the image of the entire foundation.
The clusters of dwellings do not constitute real groups of buildings, a characteristic that persisted even after secularisation and the spate of building that followed World War II. The secular architecture is dominated by certain recent modifications and/or contemporary constructions. Any original structure that survives has been revealed or is accessible to architectural research. Nature conservation sites designated to separate sectors of recent construction from agricultural land (now given over largely to hothouses) help to give an idea of the original aspect of the island. The medieval-style reconstructions characteristic of the 19th century, detrimental to the Renaissance and Baroque additions, has largely been eliminated. This practice has therefore reduced the complex historic stratification of these buildings, particularly their interiors. While the architectural surfaces of the Reichenau churches have been entirely renovated and simplified, corresponding to the conventional image of medieval church architecture, the authenticity of the remarkable wall paintings in the churches is, however, a positive element.
The three churches, the monastic buildings, and ten other buildings on the island have been designated as cultural monuments of outstanding value under the Law for the Protection of Cultural Monuments of the Land of Baden-Württemberg (Denkmalschutzgesetz Baden-Württemberg of 25 May 1971, revised on 25 April 2007). The same law protects seventy other properties as designated cultural monuments. Under the terms of the law, any construction project or modification to a cultural monument must be submitted to the Administration for the Protection of Historic Monuments of Baden-Württemberg (Freiburg im Breisgau Division), which is represented at local level by the District of Constance Administration. Cultural monuments of outstanding value enjoy further protection by being listed in the Inventory of Monuments (Denkmalbuch), which applies to cases of reconstruction or extension of such monuments. In these cases, approval must be sought for any project affecting the surroundings of a listed monument, if these surroundings are of particular importance to the monument.
Ownership of the religious buildings on the island of Reichenau is shared between a number of institutions. The Abbey of St Mary and Mark and the presbytery at Mittelzell belong to the parish of Our Lady, the town hall to the Town Council of Reichenau, the Church of St George to the Catholic Church of St George Fund, and the Church of St Peter and Paul to the Catholic Church Fund. Most of the other buildings on the island are private property. Protection of property owned by the Land of Baden-Württemberg is the responsibility of the Regierungspräsidium of Freiburg and the Landesamt für Denkmalpflege im Regierungspräsidium Stuttgart in conjunction with the Federal Property Administration.
A particular problem concerns the growing visitor numbers at the famous church of St George, resulting in a change of the interior climatic conditions. The rise in humidity with the accompanying pollution and formation of molds causes significant damage to the cultural heritage assets, especially to the Ottonian wall-paintings. Since the beginning of the 1980s, climatic conditions inside St George's have been continuously recorded. The Landesamt für Denkmalpflege in cooperation with the Technical University of Darmstadt - now University of Stuttgart, Institute for Materials of Architecture – carries out a very precise monitoring of the Ottonian wall-paintings to analyse the indoor climate, micro-climatic impacts, air motion, influence of radiation and influence of visitation on the micro-climate. The collected data are to support a concept and new strategies to optimise the indoor climate, especially to establish a strategy to control the visitors' access (visitor management). Visitor management for St George shall include replacing entrance for individual visitors by guided tours during critical seasons.
In consultation with the political community, the Organisation of Cultural Heritage Preservation worked out a development programme for a cautious building development to address any risks for development pressure, including the development of hothouses.
Several sectors of the island of Reichenau (some 230 ha out of a total area of 460 ha) have been designated as nature reserves under the Law for Nature Conservation of Baden-Württemberg (Naturschutzgesetz Baden-Württemberg) of 13 December 2005, revised on 17 December 2009. In addition, the Federal Law for Nature Conservation (Bundesnaturschutzgesetz) of 29 July 2009, revised on 28 July 2011, protects landscapes of historic cultural interest, which includes the surroundings of listed monuments. The provisions of the Building Law (Baugesetzbuch of 23 September 2004, revised on 22 July 2011) regarding nature conservation and the protection of landscapes and monuments apply to several sensitive sections of the island, while the building regulations of the Land of Baden-Württemberg (Landesbauordnung für Baden-Württemberg of 8 August 1995, revised on 17 December 2009) apply to the whole of the island. The various development plans for the Municipality of Reichenau, the District of Constance, and the Regional Plan lay down stringent restrictions on the development of new buildings, designed to encourage the preservation of the traditional organisation of the landscape.
There is no official buffer zone for the property, but its island location of Reichenau in the middle of the northern reaches of Lake Constance provides adequate equivalent protection. In addition, the lake shores in the vicinity (Gnadensee, Zellersee, and Untersee) are protected by both German and Swiss nature conservation and planning legislation.
The active and ongoing policy pursued by the administrations responsible for the protection of historic monuments, nature conservation, and planning permission under the terms of the legal provisions in place correspond to the requirements to be legitimately expected of a prescribed management plan. The policy ensures State control over the conservation of the cultural and natural assets on the island of Reichenau and continuous implementation of the necessary conservation and restoration measures. The State Administration for the Protection of Historic Monuments is staffed by highly qualified personnel, guaranteeing the professional level of design and execution of all the necessary conservation measures required for an appropriate management system.
Denkmalpflege Baden-Württemberg (in German)
Homepage der Gemeinde Reichenau (in German)
UNESCO Commission of Germany
Reichenau Monastery Island (Schloesser-Magazin, in German)
Klosterinsel Reichenau (Deutsche UNESCO-Kommission)(german only)
World Heritage Committee Inscribes 61 New Sites on World Heritage List
play_arrow Monastic Island of Reichenau (UNESCO/NHK)
Criteria: (iii)(iv)(vi)
Dossier: 974
District of Freiburg, State of Baden-Württemberg
N47 41 55.4 E9 3 40.7


Context: Kaiser Permanente's Care Management Institute created a screening tool, Your Current Life Situation (YCLS), which primarily is used to identify social needs for populations at risk of high health care utilization.
Objective: This frontline improvement project was designed to address key stakeholder concerns about implementing universal screening for social needs using the YCLS in a primary care clinic.
Methods: I conducted a rapid stakeholder analysis through informal conversations to identify the most important concerns. Four Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles were conducted to answer stakeholder questions and address concerns.
Results: Stakeholders expressed concerns including YCLS length and low screening acceptability and the possibility that too few or too many patients may have social needs. Throughout the project's duration, 125 office visits occurred and 111 patients were screened. Among the patients for whom findings were positive, 27% requested help. Of the 14 patients who were not screened, only 1 patient opted out of screening. Practitioners and medical assistants stated that administration of the YCLS screening tool did not disrupt clinic workflow.
Conclusion: By using a frontline improvement approach, these investigators could answer questions and address concerns most important to local operational stakeholders when implementing screening for social needs. When practitioners conduct universal social needs screening and more fully understand social needs prevalence in a primary care clinic, resources can be tailored more effectively to accommodate patient needs.
Kaiser Permanente's (KP) Care Management Institute (CMI) created a social needs screening tool, Your Current Life Situation (YCLS; see Sidebar: Your Current Life Situation (YCLS) Item Sources) through a process that included stakeholders within KP, public health researchers, and community-based organizations.10 The YCLS has been used in several KP Regions to identify social needs in populations at risk of high health care utilization, such as dual-eligible beneficiaries who qualify for both Medicare and Medicaid benefits, but it has not yet been used as a universal screening tool in primary care clinics. At KP Washington (KPWA, formerly Group Health), primary care clinics do not systematically screen, identify, and address social needs.
This frontline improvement project used minimal resources to address key stakeholder concerns regarding implementation of universal social needs screening using the YCLS in a primary care clinic. The intent was to gather as much data as necessary to increase confidence in the intervention and to help operational leaders make decisions.
Group Health, and now as KPWA, has served Washington since 1947 and has more than 700,000 members throughout the state. The KPWA Burien Medical Center is a primary care clinic and a National Committee for Quality Assurance level 3 patient-centered medical home. The clinic has a patient panel of 21,295 with more than 30,000 office visits annually, and it houses a laboratory, pharmacy, Radiology Department, and short-term counseling services. The Medical Center staffs 6 residents, 12 family medicine physicians, 2 advanced practice practitioners, 1 pediatrician, and 1 general internist, and the support staff includes 3 nurses, 2 licensed practical nurses, 1 clinical pharmacist, and 1 licensed independent clinical social worker.
At KPWA primary care clinics including the Burien Medical Center, the social worker functions as an on-site behavioral health specialist to address mental health needs. S/he conducts psychosocial assessments, diagnoses mental health conditions, and provides short-term counseling to address substance-use disorders and behavioral health concerns.
Because the social worker's responsibility at KPWA did not include addressing patients' social needs, KPWA patients codesigned the community resource specialist (CRS) role in the Learning to Integrate Neighborhoods and Clinical Care project in 2012.12 The CRS addressed social needs by linking patients to community resources and internal organizational resources, helping patients set goals, and developing contacts in the local community. At the time of this project, KPWA had 2 CRSs staffed in 2 Medical Centers but no CRS at the Burien Medical Center. Consequently, the social worker at Burien Medical Center agreed to help address social needs identified through screening.
First, I conducted a rapid stakeholder analysis to identify people who had high interest in addressing social needs and power to effect change at Burien Medical Center.13 These stakeholders were a Burien Medical Center family medicine physician, the Burien Medical Center clinic manager, a KPWA Research Institute researcher, the KPWA behavioral health services manager, and the 2 CRSs. The KPWA behavioral health services manager also led implementation of the CRS role at KPWA.
Through one-on-one conversations, I informally interviewed stakeholders about implementing universal screening using the YCLS and using Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles to address questions and concerns. These questions and concerns were used to set the objective for the PDSA cycles.
KP's Care Management Institute created the 32-item comprehensive social needs screening tool, YCLS. They also created a brief 6-item questionnaire to assess these domains: Living situation, concerns about living situation, financial hardship, food insecurity, transportation, and help with activities of daily living. This form also included 2 questions to assess patients' wanted help addressing their social needs and to document who answered the questions. The KP Care Management Institute defined the included domains and answers that resulted in a positive screening result on the YCLS. An additional "item bank" with questions from other domains was also available if practitioners, clinics, or organizations wish to tailor the tool for a specific purpose (see Appendix online at: www.thepermanentejournal.org/files/2018/18-189-Suppl.pdf).
The first PDSA cycle was conducted between July 24, 2017, and July 27, 2017, and the other PDSA cycles were conducted in 2-week increments between July 31, 2017, and August 14, 2017 (PDSA 2); August 28, 2017, and September 11, 2017 (PDSA 3); and September 25, 2017, and October 9, 2017 (PDSA 4). Patients were excluded from screening if they were non-English-speaking or had advanced dementia and no present caregiver. Caregivers completed forms for children younger than age 12 years. The objectives of each PDSA cycle are detailed in Table 1. During each cycle, universal screening was conducted on each practitioner's patients using the screening process shown in Table 2. For all patients, the medical assistant (MA) obtained verbal informed consent, and patient anonymity was retained by removing all patient identifiers before collating data outside of the medical record.
The MA handed the YCLS form to each patient after assisting patient to the exam room, obtaining vitals, reviewing their preventative care needs, and recording the data in the electronic medical record. The MA described the form and told patients they could opt out of screening if they desired, left the room, and allowed patients to self-administer the form. When the practitioner was ready for the clinical encounter, s/he entered the room and reviewed the completed form with the patient. The practitioner and MA did not alter their workflow; if any needs were identified, the practitioner referred the patient to the clinic's social worker.
The Burien Medical Center's family medicine physician (Practitioner 1, a key clinic stakeholder) conducted the first PDSA cycle. The second and third PDSA cycles were conducted on the patient panel of Practitioner 2, a family medicine resident physician. The fourth PDSA cycle was conducted on another family medicine physician's panel (Practitioner 3) to address concerns raised during the third PDSA cycle. Practitioner panel data are shown in Table 3.
Measures were chosen to address the objective of each PDSA cycle and to add minimal burden to staff conducting cycles. For PDSA 1, the practitioner-MA dyad measured the number of incomplete YCLS forms at the time the practitioner entered the room. For all other PDSA cycles, the practitioner-MA dyad collected the completed YCLS forms and calculated the number of office visits, number and percentage of patients screened, number and percentage of positive screens, and number and percentage of patients requesting help. I collected the forms, collated the data without patient identifiers in Excel, and summarized the data in a PowerPoint presentation. I calculated the aggregated needs types that were identified during PDSA cycles 2 to 4 by percentage and elicited open-ended feedback from each practitioner in PDSA 1 and PDSA 4 and from each MA participating in all PDSA cycles about things that went well and needed improvement. I shared the results with the key stakeholders identified at the beginning of this project and used stakeholder feedback to create aims for subsequent cycles.
During one-on-one conversations and group discussions, stakeholders expressed numerous concerns, including the YCLS form may be too lengthy to administer before a clinic visit and may disrupt the practitioner; patients may refuse to fill out forms assessing for social needs; too few patients may have social needs; and too many patients may have social needs.
The Burien Medical Center practitioner, identified as a key stakeholder at the beginning of the project, was concerned the YCLS form may be too long; she worried that if the form was intended to be self-administered after the patient was roomed, the patient could still be filling out the form when the practitioner reentered the room. In this instance, the practitioner might not have time to address the clinical agenda.
Although screening for social needs in primary care settings generally is associated with high levels of acceptability by patients (especially when screening is self-administered rather than during face-to-face contact),14-16 multiple stakeholders raised concern about low acceptability of social needs screening at KP because KP is a unique system that only serves insured members who may be of higher socioeconomic status and who refuse to fill out surveys about social needs.
During the course of this project, 125 office visits occurred, 111 patients were screened, 38 patients screened positive for social needs, and 30 patients (27%) requested help to meet their social needs. Of the 14 patients who were not screened, only 1 patient opted out. All others were not screened by the medical team because of unintentional omissions of survey administration. The percentage of patients with positive screening findings who wanted help addressing their social needs during each PDSA cycle is illustrated in Figure 1. The aggregated types of needs identified during PDSA cycles 2 through 4 by number are shown in Figure 2. Although the question that screened for social isolation was added only during PDSA cycles 3 and 4, more patients screened positive for social isolation than any other need during this project.
During the first PDSA cycle, all of Practitioner 1's patients were screened to determine if the YCLS was "too lengthy" and could not be completed before the beginning of an office visit. During the course of 2 days, 18 patients were screened and every patient was able to complete the YCLS form before the practitioner entered the room to begin the clinic visit. The practitioner stated that as long as the form was filled out before she entered the room, it did not affect her workflow; the MA also stated that the screening did not affect her standard workflow. These findings were disseminated to the stakeholders, which alleviated the concern that the YCLS could not be administered before an office visit. The CRS team reviewed the YCLS form and appreciated its structure. The team advised leadership to consider endorsing the form with the item bank for complete social needs evaluation of all referred patients at their home primary clinic.
The second PDSA cycle was conducted to better understand the prevalence of social needs in the clinic and to gauge screening acceptability. During the course of 2 weeks, 29 patients were screened, 12 patients had positive findings, and 9 (31%) requested help for the social needs identified. Those who requested help were referred to the social worker who contacted patients at a later time to address their needs. Also, 8 of the 9 patients screened positive for debt. The social worker believed that the positive screens for "debt" were false positives, however. Patients who screened positive for debt had reported student loan and mortgage payments that did not cause financial distress, so a revision to screening tool wording from "Debt" to "Debt causing financial distress" was suggested. The MA stated that employees at other clinics were enthusiastic after hearing about this work, which built momentum and energy around the project. The MAs requested that the forms be available for use outside of the project. These findings were disseminated to the clinic and shared with a larger stakeholder group at KPWA, including the manager for screening and outreach programs.
Two additional topics were identified by stakeholders who shared initial findings of Medicare's Health Outcomes Survey, which showed a strong negative correlation between social isolation and health outcomes. A CRS reported underutilization of the Fresh Bucks Program, which provided electronic benefits transfer cardholders with funds to purchase fresh produce at participating markets. The feedback was acknowledged, the YCLS was modified, and 2 questions from the item bank were added to screen for social isolation and lack of access to healthy food.
The third PDSA cycle was conducted to better understand the prevalence of social needs in the clinic using the modified YCLS form and to gauge screening acceptability. During the course of 2 weeks, 42 patients were screened, 11 patients had positive results, and 10 patients (24%) requested help. After modifying question verbiage from "Debt" to "Debt causing financial distress," only 1 patient screened positive for debt (28% during PDSA cycle 2 vs 2% during PDSA cycle 3). Seven patients screened positive for social isolation by stating that they "sometimes" or "often" felt socially isolated. The MA believed the screening was well received by patients and other staff members but also stated that the YCLS form did not provide an area in which to request help for social isolation. Findings were shared with the stakeholders, and the clinic manager contended that screening may work with Practitioner 1 and Practitioner 2's panel but may not be feasible if a practitioner had a "more geriatric" panel. The clinic manager believed older patients may have more social needs and disrupt the clinic workflow. To address this concern, Practitioner 3 (a practitioner with a higher proportion of Medicare patients) was asked to participate in the fourth (final) PDSA cycle, which was conducted to better understand the prevalence of social needs in the clinic through use of the modified YCLS form.
During the course of 2 weeks, 40 patients were screened, 15 patients had positive results, and 11 patients (28%) requested help with needs identified. The percentage of office visits with Medicare patients was 46%. The dyad appreciated the structure with which to screen for social needs and felt it did not disrupt standard workflow. Practitioner 3 stated that the YCLS format made it difficult to scan the questionnaire before the clinic visit, understand needs, and customize care recommendations. She also shared that she enjoyed using the YCLS form to screen and identify social needs, which she had not done consistently during clinical encounters before the project launch. Findings were disseminated to stakeholders, and the clinic manager was reassured that universal screening for social needs could be conducted without disrupting clinic workflow.
During the course of this project, 111 of the clinic's patients were screened using the YCLS form. Of the patients screened, 27% screened positive for a social need. Of the 14 patients not screened, only 1 patient opted out of screening.
Project findings addressed key stakeholder concerns. First, findings from the initial project phase demonstrated that the YCLS can be completed before a practitioner begins an office visit. Second, by using opt-out criteria for screening as a proxy for social acceptability, this project helped inform opinions about screening acceptability among the KP Burien Medical Center patient population. Although patients may have acquiesced, stakeholders and medical staff found it reassuring that they would not overwhelmingly refuse to participate in screening for social needs. Third, although the true prevalence of social needs in a primary care clinic patient population could not be ascertained with this project design, this work generated data that could serve as an anchor for discussions about whether there are too many or too few social needs in the KPWA Burien Medical Center population to justify the need for universal screening.
Universal screening for social needs was not continued at the end of this project because electronic medical record support was lacking. Integration of the survey into the electronic medical record and electronic tracking of who had already been screened and who needed to be screened was not achieved for several reasons. First, leadership had not achieved consensus on the best screening tool with which to identify patients' social needs at KPWA. Multiple tools are currently being evaluated for social needs screening, including the Medicare Total Health Assessment,17 a survey that is offered to all KPWA Medicare Advantage members, and The Accountable Health Communities Health-Related Social Needs Screening Tool created by the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Innovation.18 Second, the KPWA Information Technology team had already committed its resources to other projects and did not have the capacity to support this project. Lastly, during this project, KPWA implemented universal screening of all members for depression and alcohol use disorder to better integrate behavioral health care in the primary care clinic. This initiative took precedence over social needs screening because both depression and alcohol use disorder screening are endorsed by the US Preventive Services Task Force. Electronic medical record support for social needs screening likely can be built at KPWA after achieving consensus among leadership regarding the best screening tool for KPWA, confirming dedication of more information technology resources, and completing the behavioral health integration initiative.
Although this was not a primary clinic role, the social worker agreed to address the needs of patients who screened positive for a social need on the YCLS survey during this project. While the project was conducted, there were plans to expand the CRS role to all primary care clinics including the Burien Medical Center. The role of the CRS is to focus on addressing patients' social needs by connecting them to internal organizational resources and external community resources, but the staffing ratio for the CRS was designed as only 1 CRS for every 20,000 patients. Because there was no universal screening for social needs and the demand for the CRS was unknown, the staffing ratio was determined at leadership's discretion. By conducting more PDSA cycles and by better understanding the prevalence of social needs using universal screening, the CRS staffing ratio can be better tailored to match the demand of the primary care clinic.
This project's strength was its ability to use minimal resources and existing workflows to rapidly address concerns of operational leaders. By using a frontline improvement approach, this project could focus on the psychology of change and combat skepticism of top-down initiatives. This was shown when Practitioner 3 shifted perspective on the possibility to address social needs in a primary care clinic, MAs requested that YCLS forms be used outside of the project, and CRSs endorsed use of YCLS in their social needs assessments.
The simplicity and the minimal costs and trade-offs associated with this project maximize its ability to be replicated in other contexts. Because this project was conducted within the KP system, it involved unique advantages that likely are not present in all organizations. Because of KP's integrated health system model, financial incentives are aligned to address patients' social needs, myriad stakeholders are accessible, and frontline innovation is valued.
Several project findings may help direct research, practice, and policy. The 6-item YCLS form was created with these domains: Living situation, concerns about living situation, financial hardship, food insecurity, transportation, and help with activities of daily living. During the PDSA iterations, several domains were added after receiving feedback from stakeholders. If universal screening is conducted, it is unclear which social needs domains should be included. Although ideally the domains would be chosen according to rigorous research findings demonstrating an ability to change outcomes, this research is not currently available. As the momentum of screening for and addressing social needs builds, it may be more feasible to choose screening domains that correlate with outcomes and measures valued by operational leaders.
This project focused on universal screening, but many organizations focus on screening patients at risk of high health care utilization because of cost savings. Cost savings are most apparent when treating populations at risk of high health care utilization because the decrease in inpatient, outpatient, and emergency services is most pronounced.19-20 Focusing only on cost savings subverts the competing priorities of a health organization such as KP, whose mission also consists of achieving health equity, providing appropriate clinical care, and acting as an anchor institution in a community. Referring ad hoc to community resource specialists or targeting only populations at risk of high health care utilization is an approach tainted by implicit and explicit bias, which leads to inequitable care. If an organization only targets high-risk individuals who often comprise the top 1% or 5% of high users, it would be likely that only a portion of the 27% of patients whose social needs were revealed in this project would be identified. This would undermine the ability of the care team to tailor care plans and decisions that take into account every patient's social situation and would affect KP's ability to understand its patient population and appropriately invest in the community. Universal screening is needed so organizations and clinics can best understand their patients' social needs, leverage business finances, and align missions with the community to achieve better health.
1. Link BG, Phelan J. Social conditions as fundamental causes of disease. J Health Soc Behav 1995;Spec No:80-94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2626958.
2. McGinnis JM, Foege WH. Actual causes of death in the United States. JAMA 1993 Nov 10;270(18):2207-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1993.03510180077038.
3. Booske BC , Athens JK , Kindig DA , Park H , Remington PL . Different perspectives for assigning weights to determinants of health [Internet]. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute; 2010 Feb [cited 2010 Dec 20 ]. Available from: www.countyhealthrankings.org/sites/default/files/differentPerspectivesForAssigningWeightsToDeterminantsOfHealth.pdf.
4. Bachrach D, Pfister H, Wallis K, Lipson M. Addressing patients' social needs: An emerging business case for provider investment [Internet]. New York, NY: The Commonwealth Fund; 2014 May [cited 2018 Aug 9]. Available from: www.commonwealthfund.org/sites/default/files/documents/___media_files_publications_fund_report_2014_may_1749_bachrach_addressing_patients_social_needs_v2.pdf.
5. Fraze T, Lewis VA, Rodriguez HP, Fisher ES. Housing, transportation, and food: How ACOs seek to improve population health by addressing nonmedical needs of patients. Health Aff (Millwood) 2016 Nov 1;35(11):2109-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.0727.
6. Artiga S, Hinton E. Beyond health care: The role of social determinants in promoting health and health equity [Internet]. Menlo Park, CA: The Henry J Kaiser Family Foundation; 2018 May [cited 2018 Aug 24 ]. Available from: www.kff.org/disparities-policy/issue-brief/beyond-health-care-the-role-of-social-determinants-in-promoting-health-and-health-equity.
7. Torres J, De Marchis E, Fichtenberg C, Gottleib L. Identifying food insecurity in health care settings: A review of the evidence [Internet]. San Francisco, CA: Social Interventions Research & Evaluation Network (SIREN); 2017 Nov 15 [cited 2018 Mar 23]. Available from: https://sirenetwork.ucsf.edu/sites/sirenetwork.ucsf.edu/files/SIREN_FoodInsecurity_Brief.pdf.
9. Theiss J, Regenstein M. Facing the need: Screening practices for the social determinants of health. J Law Med Ethics 2017 Sep;45(3):431-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1073110517737543.
10. LaForge K, Gold R, Cottrell E, et al. How 6 organizations developed tools and processes for social determinants of health screening in primary care: An overview. J Ambul Care Manage 2018 Jan/Mar;41(1):2-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/JAC.0000000000000221.
11. QuickFacts: Burien city, Washington; King County, Washington; Washington [Internet]. Washington, DC: United States Census Bureau; [cited 2018 Apr 20]. Available from: www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/buriencitywashington,kingcountywashington,WA/RHI325216#viewtop.
12. Hsu C. Adding a new role at clinics to help patients access community resources [Internet]. Washington, DC: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute; 2018 May [cited 2018 Jun 8]. Available from: www.pcori.org/research-results/2012/adding-new-role-clinics-help-patients-access-community-resources.
13. Brugha R, Varvasovszky Z. Stakeholder analysis: A review. Health Policy Plan 2000 Sep;15(3):239-46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/15.3.239.
14. Gottlieb L, Hessler D, Long D, Amaya A, Adler N. A randomized trial on screening for social determinants of health: The iScreen study. Pediatrics 2014 Dec;134(6):e1611-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-1439.
15. Hassan A, Blood EA, Pikcilingis A, et al. Youths' health-related social problems: Concerns often overlooked during the medical visit. J Adolesc Health 2013 Aug;53(2):265-71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.02.024.
16. Fleegler EW, Lieu TA, Wise PH, Muret-Wagstaff S. Families' health-related social problems and missed referral opportunities. Pediatrics 2007 Jun;119(6):e1332-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-1505.
17. Total health assessment questionnaire for Medicare members [Internet]. Oakland, CA: Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, Inc; 2014 Dec 5 [cited 2018 Jun8]. Available from: https://sirenetwork.ucsf.edu/sites/sirenetwork.ucsf.edu/files/Medicare THA questionnaire v2 (rvd 12-5-14) with Sources.pdf.
18. Billioux A, Verlander K, Anthony S, Alley D. Standardized screening for health-related social needs in clinical settings: The accountable health communities screening tool. Discussion paper [Internet]. Washington, DC: National Academy of Medicine; 2017 May 30 [cited 2018 Aug 9]. Available from: https://nam.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Standardized-Screening-for-Health-Related-Social-Needs-in-Clinical-Settings.pdf.
19. Moffett ML, Kaufman A, Bazemore A. Community health workers bring cost savings to patient-centered medical homes. J Community Health 2018 Feb;43(1):1-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-017-0403-y.
20. Ryan J, Abrams MK, Doty MM, Shah T, Schneider EC. How high-need patients experience health care in the United States: Findings from the 2016 Commonwealth Fund survey of high-need patients [Internet]. New York, NY: The Commonwealth Fund; 2016 Dec 9 [cited 2018 Aug 9]. Available from: www.longtermcarescorecard.org/~/media/files/publications/issuebrief/2016/dec/1919_ryan_high_need_patient_experience_hnhc_survey_ib_v2.pdf.


Development of the .dll library and the .GHA plugin are underway now.
The WIP release of mesh+ 2.0 is now available for download here.
This release is a complete overhaul of all components and introduces a large range of new functionality. Please report any bugs, issues, etc. on the grasshopper project page.
Neoarchaic.net has just been overhauled with a new, easier to navigate, layout and reworked and introduced a series of new resources.


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Q: Old favicon in chat page Chat page still has old favicon (like https://chat.stackoverflow.com).

It's not a bug, but seems like confusing thing or is it an intention to leave chat's icon as it was ?
If not, I think it should be fixed.

A: The CDN still has the old version in its cache. I've changed chat's cache breaker to work around that.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Uneven or sunken concrete is unsafe and unsightly, but it isn't difficult to repair. Most often, it's caused by soils that are compacted by the weight of the concrete (or through water erosion).
This is quickly and easily repaired through a process called mudjacking.
Foundation Supportworks of the Tri States provides mudjacking services throughout the Iowa, Missouri & Illinois area, including Clark and Lewis counties, as well as Hancock, Adams, and McDonough counties and nearby.
Our services are available for commercial, residential, municipal, and industrial applications.
Call or e-mail us today to schedule an appointment for mudjacking!
Mudjacking (also known as slab jacking, concrete lifting, concrete raising, and slab leveling) is a foundation and slab repair technique for lifting settling concrete slabs.
Mudjacking consists of pumping a mixture of "mud" or "slurry" underneath a settling slab to lift and stabilize it. This injected material is a mixture of water, soil, sand and Portland cement that cures to become a solid, stable fill material.
During installation, small holes are carefully drilled in the sinking concrete slabs. The slurry is mixed and prepared, and a line is fed into the concrete opening.
Once the concrete is raised to the desired level, the hole is professionally patched over.
Stabilizing Settling Foundation Footing or a Perimeter Wall: Your foundation repair specialist will level the settled sections with new piers, using them to lift the masonry to a level position. When this is complete, mudjacking can be done to fill the empty space beneath the footing.
Stabilizing Settling Concrete Slabs: The slurry is injected underneath the concrete, lifting the slab back to position.
Mudjacking requires special equipment and is a professional job. All work should be done through a trained, professional contractor who has excellent knowledge of local soil conditions.
Additionally, mudjacking is not always the right solution for your foundation issue. Contact one of our foundation experts today to make sure you won't have to fix the problem again later.
Depending on the size of the job, mudjacking can be completed in as little as a couple hours to a full day's work. After mudjacking, the slurry should then be given about 24 undisturbed hours to cure.
If you are in need of mudjacking or other foundation services for your home, Foundation Supportworks of the Tri States is ready to help you! We work throughout Iowa, Missouri & Illinois, including Clark and Lewis counties, as well as Hancock, Adams, and McDonough counties, and areas nearby. This includes Peoria, Quincy, Pekin, Galesburg, Burlington, Ottumwa, East Peoria, Hannibal, Macomb, Canton, Oskaloosa, Fort Madison, Keokuk, Fairfield, Mount Pleasant, Monmouth, Washington, and the surrounding areas. Call or e-mail us today!


The U.S. Justice System Has Sustained Serious Damage This Year. Here's How We Should Fix It.
At a time when bipartisanship and consensus have taken an extended holiday, most Americans agree this election cycle has been unlike any in memory. As the late Gilda Radner's SNL character Roseannadanna would say, 'It's always something.' And all those 'somethings' have taken a terrible toll on America's institutions—particularly the justice system. The vitriolic campaign has intensified public distrust in the justice system and the rule of law--no small matter.
This endless, train wreck of an election has struck a devastating series of blows to US institutions and the legal system. Were the election a prizefight, it would have been stopped many months ago. By now, most of us are all-too-familiar with the details of the various scandals that have engulfed key public officials as well as the nation's institutions. This includes: the eight-months-and-counting Supreme Court vacancy and the political gridlock surrounding it; Bill Clinton's untimely private meeting with Attorney General Loretta Lynch—the details of which are the basis of a federal lawsuit recently filed against the Justice Department by The American Center for Law; the July-October-November trilogy of announcements by FBI Director Comey regarding Hillary's emails; President Obama's swift rebuke of the FBI after the Director's disclosure of a 'possible connection' between Anthony Weiner's investigation and Hilary Clinton's closed email investigation (that predated the Director's "we're back to where we were in July" statement today, one day before election eve); and claims by Donald Trump--walked back a bit after the second Comey pronouncement but destined to be reprised-- that the election is 'rigged.' Add to that a disturbing succession of police shootings—as well as fatal attacks on police officers, the incendiary rhetoric of the Presidential campaign, foreign hacks, WikiLeaks, and terrorism. It's no wonder that the American anxiety level is high while confidence in our institutions is low. A recent CNN poll revealed that 82% of those surveyed are 'disgusted' by the Presidential campaign.
Recent polls confirm that public confidence in legal institutions-- and lawyers-- is at historic lows. Gallup's June, 2016 poll indicates that only 36% of Americans have 'a great deal' or 'quite a lot' of confidence in the Supreme Court; 23% feel that way about the criminal justice system; and only 9% have confidence in Congress. How do lawyers fare? Only 15% of the public has a high degree of confidence in them. These dismal numbers are even bleaker when one considers the access to justice crisis--well over 80% of individuals and 60% of small businesses in need of a lawyer cannot afford one at current rates. How can the rule of law survive when most Americans cannot afford legal representation? As Derek Bok, former President of Harvard and Dean of the Law School remarked, 'There is far too much law for those who can afford it and far too little for those who cannot.' The election has highlighted the fragility and failings of our legal institutions and further polarized the public's lagging confidence in them. The rule of law is in trouble.
(3) State Bars should re-regulate the legal profession in light of these societal challenges and stop focusing on lawyer protectionism. This includes an examination of current regulations that narrowly restrict the structures from which legal services are rendered as well as efforts to meaningfully address the access to justice crisis. These inquiries should be not be conducted exclusively by lawyers but should also include legal consumers as well as technologists, process experts, and leaders in other industries. The legal guild must go.
(4) Law schools and legal scholars should focus more research on these 'big picture' issues rather than churn out arcane law review articles that, as Chief Justice Roberts has noted, are generally not 'particularly helpful for practitioners and judges.' Why not tap into the considerable intellectual capital of the Academy to advance the interests of the public as well as the profession? Some of these big issues include: restoration of public confidence in legal institutions, the access to justice crisis, uniform enforcement of the law—especially in the criminal process, community-police relations, The Bill of Rights in the age of terrorism, and election reform.
It's one thing to chronicle the impact this election has had on the justice system and the fissures it has revealed in our country's institutions. It's quite another—and more important thing-- to stanch the bleeding and to take steps to restore trust in that system. Now, more than ever, respect for and confidence in the rule of law is vital to our democracy.


Apple Cider Vinegar Confirmed Health Benefits.
Apple Cider Vinegar is a very popular type of vinegar for people curing health problems or skin conditions and the reason why Apple Cider Vinegar is so popular is that Apple Cider Vinegar does work great and works naturally for curing health problems as well as skin conditions.
Apple Cider Vinegar is made from apples that are crushed up and fermented as well and also contains Vinegar.
Hence The Name Apple Cider Vinegar it's essentially Vinegar with Apple Cider in it and you can make your own Apple Cider Vinegar at home if you want too or you can just stop by Walmart or another grocery store and pick up a bottle of Apple Cider Vinegar very cheaply.
How To Make Apple Cider Vinegar At Home.
If you prefer to make your own Apple Cider Vinegar at home instead of purchasing it in store you can and just need to follow the directs below.
After cutting up the Apples into medium sized pieces then place the Apples in A clean, rinsed out and sterilized wide mouth jar. Mix some sugar with 1 cup of water and pour the water and sugar mixture on top of the apples in the jar.
If needed you can add more water to fully cover the apples in the jar.
Cover the jar with a paper towel or a cheesecloth and secure it with a band. This keeps nasty stuff away while allowing the liquid breathe.
Place the jar in a warm, dark place for 2-3 weeks and Strain out the liquid and discard the apple pieces after the 2 to 3 weeks is up.
After doing that return the liquid to the same jar and cover it again using the same covering you used before.
Return the jar to the same warm, dark place and let it ferment again for roughly 4 to 6 weeks, stirring with a plastic or wooden spoon every few days or so.
After the first 4 weeks, you can begin to taste your vinegar and once it reaches an acidity you like, you can actually transfer it to a bottle with a lid and begin using it.
But having said all that it takes time to make your own apple cider vinegar and it's best to just go buy some Apple Cider Vinegar off the Stores Shelf.
Now Onto The Health Benefits Of Apple Cider Vinegar.
The health benefits of Apple Cider Vinegar include, lower cholesterol, reduced blood sugar levels, weight loss and Apple Cider Vinegar can even improve symptoms of diabetes.
Taking Apple Cider Vinegar can also lower your blood pressure naturally and help you lose belly fat, prevent the risk of heart disease, heart attacks and even strokes.
How To Take Apple Cider Vinegar For The Health Benefits.
To take Apple Cider Vinegar for the health benefits you can take the Apple Cider Vinegar a few different ways.
One way to take Apple Cider Vinegar is by mouth on a spoon or you can mix it with some warm water and a teaspoon of honey and mix the contents up and drink few glasses per day.
Apple Cider Vinegar can also help cure insomnia when taken before bed in a glass of warm water or by spoon.
To take Apple Cider Vinegar by spoon just take a tablespoon and pour some Apple Cider Vinegar onto the spoon and take it twice daily for the health benefits or before bed for curing insomnia.
Other Uses For Apple Cider Vinegar.
Besides helping improve ones health Apple Cider Vinegar has many other benefits as well such as getting rid of, cold sores, canker sores, getting rid of acne, getting rid of psoriasis, curing sore throats and much more.
If you have any type of skin condition the Apple Cider Vinegar can work wonders to treat the skin conditions.
You can also use Apple Cider Vinegar as a mouth wash which can help prevent tooth decay, gum disease and get rid of bacteria in your mouth.
There you go Apple Cider Vinegar is a wonderful home remedy for many conditions and can improve your overall health so you'll much better and lead a wonderful healthy life.


A High Performance / Zero Energy Ready Home on the banks of the Lamoille River. This home features; double stud walls, Schuco triple pane windows, air source heat pump heating, masonry stove and hot water, drain water heat recovery, and a Zehnder HRV. NO Fossil Fuels exist on this property.


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Thursday,January, 16,20
Home WONO Interviews Jeff Ashton
Interview with Jeff Ashton – Candidate for Orange-Osceola County State Attorney
Conducted by: West Orlando News Online
Jeff Ashton – former prosecutor and candidate in the race for Orange-Osceola State Attorney
WONO: As you have campaigned, you have talked a lot about the low morale in the State Attorney's office and generally the culture of the office. Mr. Lamar has said that morale is high. Who is correct? And if elected, what will you do to change this?
Jeff Ashton: I believe that having left that office a year ago, and still being in communication with a lot of the people there, I think I can say that morale is extremely poor. I think if you talk to people that recently left the office, they will tell you the same thing. Lawyers like to feel that they are respected – they like to feel that they are appreciated and the bureaucracy that Mr. Lamar has created really prevents that. People don't feel like they are trusted; they don't feel as if they are respected. So, morale is a problem. Obviously morale is in the eye of the beholder, so I guess Mr. Lamar has a different opinion. The change that I am going to make to improve that, basically, is to start showing lawyers that I trust them to make judgments. We need to train them to make good judgments and then allow them to make those judgments. We also need to work with them as they are making those judgments and help them make the right decisions. Ultimately, I think, you have to trust the people that work for you, and that goes a long way, I think, in improving morale.
WONO: Over-charging of crimes has been an issue in the campaign. You have said that many cases are dismissed by judges even before they get to a jury. Why is this occurring? How will you go about preventing this from happening?
Jeff Ashton: The difficulty is that this office is charging cases that do not meet the required elements of a crime. The example that I raised was the Malcolm Thompson case in Osceola County, where they tried the Clerk of Court there for an accusation of an assault. And while Mr. Thompson's conduct may have been bullying or may have been offensive in some way, it was not a crime, and that is what Judge Perry ultimately determined, having looked at the facts. It is something that a good prosecutor should know. The elements of a crime are not that mysterious. If we are repeatedly presenting cases to judges and they are dropping them because of an absolute absence of proof, it just shows that the prosecutor isn't doing his job; he or she should know that.
WONO: Much has been written about racial disparity in the criminal justice system and Orange County is no exception to this. As a practitioner and someone likely to be the State Attorney, how would you go about addressing this bias at various points in the system — pre-trial, prosecution, probation etc.?
Jeff Ashton: I think the biggest answer is involving people in all communities and being open to communicating with them. The problems that plague all of our various communities are best solved by a partnership between law enforcement and the communities themselves. I think that's the thing most lacking here. In fact, it was lacking in Sanford – that recent mess up there occurred because there was no line of communication between the State Attorney's office and the African American community. In the absence of that communication, people become distrustful and problems get worse. I do think that one of the keys is working with leaders in the African American or Hispanic community to solve problems and to help identify solutions together, through communication. Throwing people in prison is not the only answer. We need to be innovative and we need to be involved with the people.
WONO: Your opponent and incumbent Mr. Lamar has repeatedly said you are soft on crime, but he is not. Are you soft on crime?
Jeff Ashton: No! You know, all you have to do is look at my record as a prosecutor. I have aggressively prosecuted hundreds of cases. I have put hundreds of people in prison that deserved it. I've put 12 people on death row because they deserved it. So, to say I'm soft on crime is the one argument that Mr. Lamar makes that is the most ridiculous of all.
WONO: Let's talk about the juvenile justice system. Some have said that the procedures and guidelines are not well established. Are the practices in the juvenile justice system arbitrary? If so, what can be done about this?
Mr. Ashton: Well I think that the key to the juvenile justice system is to understand what is its purpose – sort of rehabilitative and restorative. In the juvenile justice system we must understand that children do things because of their youth and because of their lack of maturity and we must try to find ways to correct that behavior, without stigmatizing them for life. Obviously, what someone does as a child doesn't necessarily reflect what kind of person they will be as an adult. I think that is the key to the juvenile system, to always have that attitude in mind.
WONO: You have said if elected, you can keep communities safer than is currently the case. How would you do this?
Jeff Ashton: I think the thing that needs to be done differently is, most of all, we need to focus our resources with an eye toward what will make our community safest. Every decision we make should have, as its base, 'What is the best thing I can do, in this case, for the community?' Sometimes, with a particular defendant, as I said before, that might be restorative – how can I get this person back on track to not commit this crime again. In others, particularly violent cases, you have to concentrate your resources on taking that person off the street and making sure they cannot hurt anyone again. So, it's a matter of focusing on your main goal and that is, keeping the community safe.
WONO: You and your opponent have very different leadership styles. You have said the State Attorney needs to be in court prosecuting cases. Mr. Lamar says, there isn't time for this. With an office of hundreds of attorneys and support staff, would you really have time to prosecute cases in court? Why is it so important for the State Attorney himself to prosecute cases?
Jeff Ashton: First of all, Mr. Lamar has time. He isn't a hands-on manager; he has twelve managers beneath him. So, his claim that he doesn't have time, I just don't think rings true. You have to make it a priority, though, as being in the courtroom is important. Now, the State Attorney shouldn't be in the courtroom all the time, of course not. But, it is important that the State Attorney spends enough time in the courtroom to understand, first of all, what is going on in his office. You have to be down there, in the trenches, at least some of the time to understand what's working, what's not working, what kind of cases are we succeeding in, what kind are we failing in and generally, to understand how attorneys are doing. You must have some first-hand knowledge of that. I also think that, for the morale of the team, the State Attorney needs to show all the assistants that you can still do the work and you are willing to get in there, roll up your sleeves and do the job that you ask them to do. There are a number of State Attorneys in the state of Florida, that do their own cases. It isn't, like, every State Attorney is so busy they can't try cases. That's Mr. Lamar's choice; it's not something that is forced on him because of circumstances.
WONO: It has been reported and your opponent has said you have poor management skills. How do you respond to those accusations? And if true, how would you go about remedying this, if elected.
Jeff Ashton: There is really no basis for that. If you, or anyone, would like to, you can pull my personnel file, because there is an evaluation by one of Mr. Lamar's Bureau Chiefs who is still there. She evaluated my performance while I was the manager in that office and it was very complimentary. I don't know why he makes that claim because, his own people disagree. I chose to leave management, in that office, because I didn't like the way that management worked. I didn't want to be a part of that process, so I voluntarily left to go back into the court room.
WONO: Community prosecution – a relatively new concept – is being undertaken in some cities across the U.S. You have said you would like to engage communities and get their input. What's your view on community prosecution? Is this something you will look at if elected?
Jeff Ashton: Absolutely. One of the hallmarks of my career has always been innovation. I've always been the kind of person looking for a better way to do things. I am very excited about the possibility of looking at how other communities handle these issues, because I think there are solutions out there. We just need to be open-minded enough to look, see what works, and see what will work in this community.
WONO: Many Florida politicians take the Hispanic and African-American vote for granted, particularly here in Orange County. How have you reached out to these communities and have you reached out to minority-owned media?
Jeff Ashton: I have attempted to speak to community leaders in all the different minority communities, in order to get a dialog going. My biggest hope is that we open lines of communication – that people will be able to call me, I will be able to call them, and we will be able to get things done together. I do think you are right, particularly here in Orange County, my opponent has always taken the minority communities for granted. I don't think he's ever really spent time reaching out to folks and listening to their concerns. I think that those communities are eager to have somebody in the State Attorney's office that they can actually interface with and talk to.
WONO: Are there ongoing relationships with other State Attorney's offices across the state? Do you have an opportunity to share experiences, new ideas on what's working, what's not, on a periodic basis?
Jeff Ashton: Absolutely. I have a close personal relationship, already, with two of the State Attorneys in Florida, just from my history of having been a prosecutor and I am looking forward to developing relationships with all of them. I think it is essential, again, that we always keep an open mind to things that work. One of the things I plan on doing, assuming I am fortunate enough to be elected, I am going to spend this fall visiting a lot of the State Attorney's offices, and stealing some good ideas from them.
WONO: In the live television debate, you made reference to your opponent collecting $500,000 and now a salary and pension. Is this double dipping? Triple dipping? How does that work?
Jeff Ashton: I think people have called it several of those names. There's a system in place, in Florida, that allows state employees, when they are near their age or term of retirement, to go into a program that basically continues to pay their salary, but puts their pension into an investment account for five years. Basically, they are getting their pension and their salary for five years and then the idea is, at the end of the five years, when they actually do terminate employment, they get that nice big lump sum and they go off and enjoy their retirement. Unfortunately, the legislators created a loop-hole in that law, so that elected officials could go through that process, but not quit. In other words, they could, basically, get that huge chunk of money and then keep working. That is what Mr. Lamar did, so that's the half-million dollars that we talked about. Basically, he is drawing a salary, he is drawing a pension, he is drawing Social Security, and he had this half-million dollar windfall back in 2005.
WONO: Is that still the case today?
Jeff Ashton: Well, they changed the law now, so that you cannot get that money and keep working. The way the law is now, when you go into that program, you can work for five more years, but then once those five years are up, you have to leave. You can, if you are out of the government service for one year, possibly come back. Now, when I was finishing the Anthony case, I had done 30 years, and I did the DROP retirement program for about six months, and then left, and of course, I've been gone ever since. Mr. Lamar got a half-million dollars, I got about $39,000 for the little bit of time I was in there to finish the Anthony case. I think the issue a lot of people have is, while what you did may have been legal, its not really appropriate since you didn't actually leave, like you were supposed to, but continued working.
WONO: Mr. Ashton, how is your campaign going? Will we be seeing Jeff Ashton as the new Orange-Osceola State Attorney?
Jeff Ashton: The campaign is going very, very well. We have received some wonderful endorsements. We just, yesterday, received a formal endorsement from the Fraternal Order of Police, which represents all of the deputies and police officers of the Sheriff's office, Orlando Police Department and Corrections. So, it's going very, very well. We are looking forward to the election in about 18 days.
WONO: Final question: Why should voters vote for Jeff Ashton?
Jeff Ashton: I think voters should vote for Jeff Ashton because they want the best representation possible in the courts of Orange and Osceola County, when they are a victim. I think that's the biggest difference between my opponent and me. I think people deserve the best they can get from the prosecutors that prosecute their case. I don't believe they are getting that now. I think I've shown that I can give them that.
WONO: Mr. Ashton, thank you for your time.
Jeff Ashton: Thank you, too.
West Orlando News 2010®
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Home » Dinky Destinations, Dinky Do, Dinky Gossip, Europe, Netherlands, Wacky Dinky
Rotterdam Philharmonic Gergiev Festival Presents "Sea & You" in Rotterdam, Netherlands
By Rupert Parker
From 7-15 September, Rotterdam's Gergiev Festival explores the intensely personal relation between man and the sea using opera, classical concerts and musical happenings.
Rotterdam is the 2nd largest city in the Netherlands and one of the largest ports in the world. It's therefore fitting that the theme of this year's festival, with the Rotterdam Philharmonic, conducted by Valery Gergiev, has a maritime concept. "The Sea & You reveals the sea as the mirror of the human soul", says festival manager Hans Waege. "A dive into the inner self, a discovery of the deep waters of the soul, and a song of praise to the inspiration and the vital powers the sea fills us with."
The Festival will present a broad programme of opera, symphony music, happenings and musical gems, featuring world famous artists such as the Choir of King's College, Lise dela Salle, Christianne Stotijn, Aleksandrs Antonenko and the Artemis Quartet.
On Sunday 9 September, Valery Gergievwill conduct a one-off concert of Verdi's Otello, starring world class tenor Aleksandrs Antonenko in the title role, together with soloists, choir and orchestra of the Mariinsky Theatre.
The Rotterdam Philharmonic Orchestra will stage 5 symphony concerts of seaworthy music, conducted by Valery Gergiev and Yannick Nézet-Séguin. Yannick will also conclude the festival with a programme entitled "The Magnificent Night of the Sea", offering an impressive nautical repertoire from Sibelius to Debussy.
Dvořák's classic New World Symphony will be paired with Bryar's Sinking of the Titanic.
In a unique combined directorship, the Festival and Ro Theater will stage a moving music theatre production based on Drums in the Night by Bertold Brecht.
Young piano phenomenon Lise dela Sallewill give recital in which she lets Saint François de Paule walk on water and sing about a sea of love.
Alexander Balanescu and Ada Milea are washed ashore on a desert island in a mini‑opera of unbridled fantasy.
The Choir of King's College will give a concert based on the theme Sea & You.
Scottish folk group The Whistlebinkies will play the obscure composition Scottish Circus by John Cage which will be paired with a whisky tasting.
Children's Programme Little G (ages 4–9)
Programme item Little G will enable children to map their own musical path. They can take a walk along the beach together with cellist Claire Goldfarb and juggler Pierre-Nicolas Bourcier, enjoying the splashing sounds of Handel's Water Music, or transform themselves into a living instrument. There's also a workshop led by composer Thomas Smetryns where they will create a brand new composition. Their instruments can all be found on the beach: water, buckets, watering cans, shells, wind chimes and sand.
On the night of 7 September, the Festival will present a composition for four hot-air balloons, ensemble and live electronics at the Schouwburgplein.
C the City is a series of free musical events staged in various locations on Saturday afternoon, 8 September, with performances by Gabriel Rivano, The Spiral Consort and many others.
Rotterdam Philharmonic Gergiev Festival "The Sea and You"
Rotterdam Tourist Board has further info about hotels etc.
Tourism Holland
Train fares from London to Rotterdam start at £123 standard class return per person. Call 0844 848 4070 or visit the Rail Europe Travel Centre at 193 Piccadilly, London W1J 9EU.


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eBay Hires Jan Pedersen as Chief Scientist, Artificial Intelligence
By: eBay News Team
Pedersen will be responsible for charting eBay's technology strategy as it relates to AI, including enhanced ways in which eBay interacts with its consumers.
eBay has hired Jan Pedersen as vice president and chief scientist, Artificial Intelligence (AI). Pedersen will lead the company's AI strategy, including computer vision, natural language understanding and machine learning, to deliver new customer experiences across the eBay platform.
"Jan is a true pioneer in the industry, with over thirty years developing search, deep learning, machine learning and AI technologies at scale," said Devin Wenig, president and CEO of eBay Inc. "He joins us at a pivotal moment when AI sciences including computer vision and deep learning are now capable of transforming personalized, immersive shopping experiences. eBay runs on AI and our continued innovation under Jan's leadership will transform each meaningful moment we have with our buyers and sellers."
Pedersen will be responsible for charting eBay's technology strategy as it relates to AI, including enhanced ways in which eBay interacts with its consumers. He will set the agenda for AI R&D investments, lead a team of research, data and applied scientists and further our leadership in AI-enabled commerce.
Pedersen's most recent position was vice president of data science at Twitter where he led the company's investment in machine learning infrastructure and data analytics. Prior to that, he spent close to a decade at Microsoft in various search related leadership roles and was a technical fellow and chief scientist for Core Search.
His distinguished career began at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) and he has held chief scientist roles at AltaVista, Yahoo, and A9. Credited with numerous patents, Pedersen holds a Ph.D. in statistics from Stanford University.
Pedersen will be based out of eBay Inc.'s San Jose, CA headquarters and will report to Steve Fisher, CTO of eBay Inc. He officially joins the company on February 20.
Topics: Leadership, Tech
Previous Story: A Reimagined Shopping Experience Next Story: A New Way to Fundraise on eBay
Jan 15, 2021 Innovation
2021 Ecommerce Trends: Predictions From Our Experts
Dec 1, 2020 Leadership
eBay Names Julie Loeger Global Chief Growth Officer
Nov 19, 2020 Holiday
Bringing the Joy of the Holidays Home with eBay


Jersey tunic in a fairly sturdy fabric with a multicolored, placed print featuring plump lemons growing down from the shoulders. Style with full-length raglan sleeves and big, comfy side pockets. Generous fit.
Item no.: 91406 Length: M 37.5" Bust width: 21,25" Hem width: 26" Sleeve length from the center-back: 30,75"
Patterned lyocell/cotton jersey "Citro": 67% lyocell/33% cotton in a delightfully soft, stretchy single jersey print. TENCEL™ lyocell is made from certified forests using a closed-loop system and it is an excellent environmental choice. The cotton is organic. Machine wash warm, delicate cycle. Stretch gently to length while damp; do not tumble dry. Shrinkage 3-4%. Made in Greece/Bulgaria.
Lemons have been grown in the Mediterranean since the 1600s. They came here with crusaders and monks - and now lemon trees grow all over the steep slopes of the region. Lemon orchards are also wonderful oases that can be seen in many countries. In this little series, we pay tribute to the golden fruit with two versatile garments featuring a spectacular pattern of decorative, plump lemons. Lemon blossoms are also edible, in salads or preserved in vinegar and served with sugar and honey. Sour and sweet, a bit like life itself.


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15 de la Sageta (15 Sagittae) és un estel en la constel·lació de la Sageta, localitzada al sud de γ Sagittae, nord-oest de ρ Delphini i nord-est d'Altair (α Aquilae). Té magnitud aparent +5,80 i es troba a 58 anys llum del sistema solar. Forma un sistema binari amb un nan marró, descobert en 2002.

15 Sagittae és un nan groc de tipus espectral G0V amb una temperatura efectiva compresa entre 5853 i 5944 K. La seva lluminositat és un 31 % major que la del Sol i també és més massiva que aquest, amb una massa de 1,11 masses solars. Té un radi de 1,05 ± 0,02 radis solars.

De metal·licitat comparable a la solar ([M/H] = +0,02), els nivells de diversos elements avaluats com sodi, silici, titani i níquel són pràcticament iguals als trobats en el Sol. No existeix acord quant a la seva edat; encara que inequívocament més jove que el Sol —l'edat del qual és de 4600 milions d'anys—, diferents mètodes situen la seva edat entre 2660 i 3160 milions d'anys. A partir del seu període de rotació —13,94 dies— s'ha estimat la seva edat mitjançant girocronologia, resultant ser d'aproximadament 1700 milions d'anys, significativament menor que la estimada per altres mètodes.

Company subestel·lar
En 2002 s'ha descobert l'existència d'un nan marró, denominat 15 Sagittae b, en òrbita al voltant de 15 Sagittae. Observat a 0,79 segons d'arc de l'estel principal, la separació mitjana entre tots dos objectes és de 18,3 ± 0,5 ua, i la seva massa mínima és 68 vegades major que la de Júpiter. El seu període orbital és de 73,3 anys i la inclinació orbital respecte a l'observador terrestre és de 97,3º.

Referències

15
Sagittae
Sagittae
Sagittae
Variables per rotació

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


UHN is one of the largest teaching hospitals in the country. The complexity of our patient care environment and the quality of our education programs attract the most promising students and trainees from across Canada and around the world.
UHN leads innovation in health professions education. Exploring new teaching theories, practices and technologies enables us to prepare health care professionals to meet the needs of Canadians, both now and in the future. UHN's fellowship and scholarship programs allow us to offer valuable opportunities for health care professionals to advance their skills and knowledge.
Your support for education will help us foster the best health professionals.
Gift supports Toronto hospitals, including UHN, associated with University of Toronto's Faculty of Medicine and represents the largest donation in BMO's 200-year history.
UHN is a leader in training the next generation of healthcare professionals. The recent integration of the Michener Institute takes medical learning to the next level.
UHN Executive Vice President of Education, Dr. Brian Hodges, receives prestigious award for his contributions to health professions education.


India has embarked on the reform and restructuring of its electric power sector and state electricity boards which had functioned since independence as integrated utilities. Key to the reform is establishment of state regulatory commissions.
India's first state regulatory commission was created in the state of Orissa. NERA helped design first the sector, and subsequently the commission, including its staffing, regulations and internal administrative procedures. NERA then supported the Commission as it dealt with all of the issues of first impression: licenses, tariffs, procurement, codes, standards, and consumer affairs.
The OERC has established itself as an independent, technically capable agency, and oversaw the privatization of its four distribution entities. NERA went on to perform similar work in the states of Haryana, Andhra Pradesh, and Delhi, as well as Brazil, Slovakia, and Senegal.


– The C63 AMG with its Mercedes-Benz's latest performance gear from the AMG tuner division together with a 457 horsepower V-8 and a 6208cc engine capacity.
The near-vertical rear-end is offset by the four exhaust pipes and the AMG logo.
These elements don't appear to go together.
With the fresh beginning of the year 2013, we are delighted to share another joyous news!
Our company is awarded the "Star Merchant" by the Singapore top Car website, the Sgcamart.com.
The prestigious award was presented to companies in recognition of their market leadership and service excellence in the local Automotive After-market Industry.
We acknowledge with deepest appreciation of the recognition by sgcamart.com for presenting us this award. We certainly feel elated and motivated as this sets another important milestone for our company.
This achievement would not have been possible without the continuing support of our esteemed customers with whom we owe our profound gratitude.
Also, special thanks to our dedicated Revol Carz Makeover for their team work, commitment and dedication through the years.
Panther Kallista was built in between 1982-1990. The engine choices were from Ford and using Ford mechanicals which included a 1597cc engine, a 2792cc engine or a 2933cc engine.
While this beauty magnetizes most of our attention, it also reminded us to be extra gentle during the restorative process.


Mentors: Each trainee will be given a mentor who is typically the class teacher. This is a highly skilled practitioner who is keen to develop others and is trained by both the universities and the Teaching School Alliance. The mentor will provide weekly guidance to enable development and will contribute to the assessment process.
Professional Tutors: Each school has a Professional Tutor. This is a senior member of staff who coordinates provision and acts as quality assurance for trainees across the school. The Professional Tutor will organise a comprehensive induction programme so that trainees are quickly able to gain a good overview and understanding of their placement school. The Professional Tutor liaises with the University and contributes to the development of ITE across the Alliance.


Adolescence and young adulthood are periods of risk-taking and experimentation that often includes substance use. Schools and colleges are important settings in which to reach young people, although some vulnerable groups may not be well-represented within them.
In schools the focus is mainly on preventing or delaying the initiation of substance use and on the development of skills to support healthy decision-making.
Poor school attenders, frequent truants or young people with behavioural problems, such as poor impulse control, are at increased risk of developing problematic forms of substance use. This makes schools an important setting for early identification of at-risk individuals.
The greater independence of young people attending colleges and the tendency to increased alcohol and drug use in this age group make colleges an important setting for harm reduction and for referral of those developing problems to specialist services.
Drug use among school populations is generally low and can be part of a wider pattern of behavioural problems and risk-taking. Interventions therefore need to address the wider determinants of risky and impulsive behaviour rather than the drug use in isolation.
interventions aimed at developing a protective and nurturing educational environment that is conducive to learning and establishes clear rules about substance use.
Other approaches that may be beneficial include events or interventions involving parents and the use of peer-to-peer approaches.
Of the interventions for which there is good evidence of effectiveness, smoking bans in schools are reported in all countries providing information, while 21 countries reported that school policies around substance use are in place in the majority of schools. Programmes aimed at developing personal and social skills are less widely implemented, with only 11 countries reporting them in the majority of schools. This is lower than the level of provision of information only programmes, which have not been found to be effective, but are reported in the majority of schools in 16 countries.
Some evidence exists in support of other types of programmes. Among these, peer-to-peer programmes seem to be relatively uncommon, but creative extracurricular activities and events for parents are more widely available. Drug testing of pupils is not recommended and is rarely used; it was only reported as being conducted in a few schools in 10 countries.
Effective school-based prevention programmes can delay initiation of use. These are manual-based and develop social competences and refusal skills, healthy decision-making and coping, and correct normative misperceptions about drug use. Ideally they should be provided within the context of a school drug policy.
Substance use-related problems may be reduced by providing a protective and nurturing educational environment that is conducive to learning and establishes clear rules about substance use.
There are evidence-based programmes for primary schools, which — without explicitly addressing substances — have effects on impulse-control and, therefore, potentially on later substance use and mental health problems. They have immediate effects on learning and classroom climate.
Interventions that only provide information about the risks of drug use have not been found to be effective in preventing drug use.
Schools are important access points to the adolescent population and their parents. They also have a role in identifying at-risk individuals for targeted interventions.
Education systems should ensure schools provide evidence-based prevention programmes and have appropriate drug policies in place. These should aim not only to reduce substance use, but also to reduce violence, improve learning, produce better academic achievements and create a better school climate, outcomes that are of intrinsic interest to the education sector.
Ineffective prevention programmes are often popular, but there is a growing number of programmes that have been shown to work and these should be used instead.
Establishing systems that encourage or require schools and colleges to use programmes supported by evidence instead of ineffective programmes and providing the necessary support for this would be a more efficient use of resources.
The evidence for effective programmes in colleges is very limited, but this is a period of high risk of drug use and appropriate programmes are needed for this setting.


The Marshall yearbooks were published by the students of Marshall College/University. These yearbooks are a reflection of the progress of the school, recording events of the year in an enduring and organized form. The 1908 Mirabilia was the first yearbook published by Marshall College (now Marshall University). Except for the years, 1920, 1922 and 1923, annuals were produced through 1931, at which time the yearbook ceased publication because of the Great Depression when money was scarce. The 1933 yearbook was the last issue under the title, Mirabilia. After an absence of seven years the yearbook was superseded in 1940 by The Chief Justice, titled in honor of John Marshall, one of the most famous of the Chief Justices of the Supreme Court and for whom the college was named when it was established in 1837. In 1942 there was again a three year hiatus during World War II when there were paper shortages. Publication resumed in 1945 but ceased for good in 1995. The editors for the 1954 Chief Justice yearbook developed and introduced the idea of Marco, the university's mascot. They named him Marco for Marshall College and he was their version of Marco Polo wandering through the yearbook and visiting different groups. In 1961 Marshall College achieved university status with the signing of the bill by Governor W.W. Barron. The 1960-61 Chief Justice cover was already in production bearing the name, "Marshall College." It would have been prohibitively expensive at that late date and at that stage of the production to get it changed to reflect 'Marshall University'. Therefore this particular yearbook reads 'Marshall College' on the outside spine, but inside the copy reads 'Marshall University'. A section is devoted to the change to university status, with additional photos and information in the Activities section. The 1961 Chief Justice is also the first to display the use of color in the advertising section of a West Virginia yearbook.
Not all of the Marshall Yearbooks contained an index.
The 1995 Chief Justice is the final issue of the Marshall University yearbooks.


This article was posted in the Coach's Corner of the ASTD Newsletter for October 2015. You can reach Kolleen through this website, Linked In, Facebook or by calling her at (402) 499-5547. She offers workshops, small groups and individual life coaching on a variety of topics to help you create the life you dream of but haven't been able to achieve.


its a bit bland for our liking. Their I Love U single was edgy, pop-tastic and original. This just sounds like something that didn't make a Black Eyed Peas album, even as a B-side. We know it's harsh, however we love our K-Pop and we love this band, so we expect more please. 2NE1, if you are reading this, please just give us pop edge that we need, as this single is more of an album filler not and album anthem..! That is all..!


Not easy stuff to decipher. Your first thought is that either it's brilliant or the guy went nuts – or perhaps a bit of both. You wonder if three months alone was just a little too long. But your humble reviewer left the album on autoplay for a while and everything started to make sense. Almost like a great novel, over time this album teaches you its own language. You understand. It sounds almost straightforward – even if you would not be able to explain it to someone else.
This is an album of many moods, both lyrically and musically. It may not be the most instantly accessible CD you've ever listened to. Its meanings open themselves to you slowly, like the petals of a rose. But it's well worth your time.