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HomeReportsHuman Rights Reports...Custom Report - fc99c67836
Cote d'Ivoire is a democratic republic governed by a president re-elected in October under conditions generally considered free, although some international observers questioned the fairness of the overall electoral process. Ahead of the country's October 31 presidential election, civil society and international human rights organizations alleged infringements on rights to assembly and expression and at least two reported instances of unregulated non-state-actor violence against protesters. Also prior to the election, opposition leaders challenged the legality of President Alassane Ouattara's candidacy for a third term; however, the institution charged with validating candidate eligibility, the Constitutional Council, approved his candidacy on September 14. International election observers differed in their overall assessments of the election. Some found the process to be overall satisfactory while others concluded it did not allow for genuine competition. The Constitutional Council, which the constitution empowers to certify the results of elections, validated the incumbent president's re-election on November 9. The country's first ever senatorial elections in 2018 were peaceful.
The National Police, which reports to the Ministry of the Interior and Security, and the National Gendarmerie, which reports to the Ministry of Defense, are responsible for domestic law enforcement. The Coordination Center for Operational Decisions, a mixed unit of police, gendarmerie, and Armed Forces of Cote d'Ivoire personnel, assisted police in providing security in some large cities. The Armed Forces of Cote d'Ivoire, which report to the Ministry of Defense, are responsible for national defense. The Directorate of Territorial Surveillance, under the Ministry of Security and Civil Protection, is responsible for countering internal threats. Civilian authorities at times did not maintain effective control over the security forces. Members of the security forces committed some abuses.
Significant reported human rights issues included: forced temporary disappearance by the government; harsh and life-threatening prison conditions; arbitrary arrest or detention by security forces; political prisoners or detainees; politically motivated reprisal against individuals located outside the country; serious problems with the independence of the judiciary; serious restrictions on free expression and the press; substantial interference with the rights of peaceful assembly and association; lack of investigation and accountability for violence against women and girls; and crimes involving violence against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex persons.
Military police and the military tribunal are responsible for investigating and prosecuting alleged abuses perpetrated by members of the security services. The government provided some information on steps that it took to prosecute officials in the security services, as well as elsewhere in the government, who were accused of abuses, but victims of reported abuses alleged their perpetrators were not disciplined.
The constitution and law prohibit such practices. The government did not provide information regarding reports of abuse within prisons, or mechanisms to prevent or punish such abuses. Human rights organizations reported that prisoners were subject to violence and abuse, including beatings and extortion, by prison officials and that the perpetrators of these acts went unpunished. Human rights organizations reported mistreatment of detainees between arrest and being booked into prison.
Prison authorities acknowledged abuse might happen and go unreported, since prisoners fear reprisals.
Impunity was not a significant problem in the security forces, although members of the security forces reportedly did commit isolated abuses without punishment. Failure to enforce disciplinary action contributed to impunity. The government used military police and the military tribunal to investigate abuses.
The law provides citizens the ability to choose their government in free and fair periodic elections held by secret ballot and based on universal and equal adult suffrage.
Recent Elections: The country held a presidential election on October 31. The lead-up to the election was marked by intense political maneuvering by the regime and opposition, acrimonious and divisive rhetoric, protests, and largely civilian-on-civilian violence.
The opposition vociferously contested President Ouattara's decision to seek a third term following the July death of the ruling coalition's candidate. Although the opposition argued that President Ouattara was precluded from running due to a term limit, the Constitutional Council, which the Ivoirian constitution empowers to validate presidential candidacies, validated Ouattara's candidacy on September 14 on the grounds that it would be his first term under the 2016 Constitution. The Council also validated the candidacies of three prominent opposition figures but rejected those of 40 other contenders, specifying in each case which eligibility criteria the contender failed to meet. Before and after the election, opposition leaders repeatedly alleged the Council was inherently biased toward the ruling coalition. UN, ECOWAS, and African Union officials visited the country several times during the electoral period to encourage a tension-calming dialogue between the government and the opposition but did not recommend a revision of the Council's decision on candidacies.
Among those barred from competition were prominent opposition figures Guillaume Soro and former president Laurent Gbagbo, both rejected due to domestic criminal convictions. Following the Constitutional Council's announcement, the ACHPR issued two separate rulings on September 15 and September 25 ordering the government to permit Soro and Gbagbo to run for election. The government did not respond directly to either ruling but indicated in public statements that it did not consider the ACHPR's rulings binding given its April announcement that it was withdrawing from the optional protocol that allowed nonstate actors to petition the Court.
Election-related protests and violence escalated immediately before the election, particularly in mid-October after the opposition launched a campaign of "civil disobedience" and an "active boycott" designed to prevent the election from occurring unless the government conceded to opposition demands. In addition to violent clashes between civilians, many criminal acts occurred during the campaign: media reported multiple incidents of vandalism, including the burning of Independent Electoral Commission (CEI) field offices, theft and destruction of voter cards, and construction of crude roadblocks by opposition-aligned youth to obstruct major roads.
Scattered, disruptive, and occasionally deadly unrest continued on election day in several locations in the central and southern parts of the country. Reported incidents included theft and destruction of electoral materials, civilian-on-civilian clashes, ransacked polling stations, and roadblocks around polling stations, which suppressed voter participation. The CEI confirmed that 21 percent of polling stations were not operational on election day–October 31–due to disruptions. International election observers reported the same but also noted that, in some cases, polling sites did not open because election officials failed to deploy necessary voter equipment and materials. At polling sites that did open, voting generally took place without incident although observers noted scattered minor irregularities, such as sites opening late or closing early and election officials struggling, without apparent malicious intent, to tabulate results accurately. In mid-November, the government reported that its investigations confirmed that since August, 85 persons had been killed and 484 injured, including several members of the security forces, in election-related violence.
International election observers differed in their overall assessments of the election. The African Union stated the election "was held in an overall satisfactory manner." The International Election Observation Mission of the Electoral Institute for Sustainable Democracy in Africa and The Carter Center found that officials "generally adhered to voting procedures in the majority of the polling stations visited," but criticized the political climate in which the election took place as "not allow[ing] for a genuinely competitive election." The CEI ultimately reported a voter participation rate of almost 54 percent of registered voters at the polling stations that were able to open. If calculated on the basis of the country's full list of approximately 7.5 million registered voters, the stated turnout would have been approximately 42.9 percent. On November 9, the Constitutional Council certified that President Ouattara had won re-election with 94.27 percent of the vote. President Ouattara was sworn in for a third term on December 14.
On November 2, the opposition, asserting that President Ouattara was no longer president, announced the establishment of a National Transitional Council. On November 4, via social media from France, Guillaume Soro claimed in his capacity as a member of the transitional council that President Ouattara no longer had the constitutional power to command the armed forces and called for them to overthrow him. The government subsequently announced charges of sedition and terrorism against 20 senior opposition figures involved in the Council's creation. Although one leading opposition member was provisionally released in late December, several individuals arrested on those charges remained incarcerated. On November 18, the government issued an international arrest warrant for Soro and three of his aides requesting their extradition from France.
Prior to the 2018 senatorial elections, the CEI declared it would restrict observers from remaining in the voting stations throughout the day, but later reversed its decision. Diplomatic observers and local civil society groups judged the elections to be peaceful and credible.
The law requires the national voter registry to be updated annually. The registry was not updated in 2019, but was in June and July. CEI staff generally appeared well prepared to execute that process, although some opposition parties reported their members' difficulty obtaining documents required to prove their eligibility to vote. The government extended the registration period twice and, midway through the registration process, extended the validity of existing national identity cards so that holders could register and vote in the October presidential election without having to obtain new biometric identity cards before June. The extension had been a key demand of the opposition.
Political Parties and Political Participation: Although the law prohibits the formation of political parties along ethnic or religious lines, there have historically been links between ethnic groups and specific political parties.
Throughout the year, opposition parties reported denials of their requests to hold political meetings and alleged inconsistent standards for granting public assembly permits. Following the August government ordinance banning demonstrations in public thoroughfares, and subsequent arrests of opposition supporters participating in unauthorized demonstrations, media broadcast images of ruling coalition supporters marching unimpeded through the streets en route to the formal nomination of President Ouattara as its presidential candidate.
An ACHPR ruling to affect greater political party balance and public confidence in the CEI's work led the government to overhaul that institution in July 2019. Many opposition parties chose to boycott the overhaul negotiation, were not invited to join the CEI once it was reconstituted, and subsequently appealed against the legality and impartiality of the institution. In July the ACHPR ruled that the CEI was not illegal or fundamentally biased, but that the ruling coalition had controlled the nomination and leadership election process in ways that undermined public confidence in the impartiality of the institution. President Ouattara had by then invited the Democratic Party of Cote d'Ivoire, the country's largest unified opposition party, to join the CEI, and the government announced it would rerun elections for leadership positions at local levels of the CEI organization. As of December, the Democratic Party's representative had not taken his oath of office due to continued political disagreements. On September 30, the Ivorian Popular Front, the only party previously represented in the CEI that the broader opposition accepted as an authentic opposition party, suspended its participation due to its overall objection to the electoral process.
Participation of Women and Members of Minority Groups: No laws limit the participation of women and members of minority groups in the political process, and they did participate. Of 253 National Assembly (lower legislative body) members, 29 were women, the same number as in 2017-19. Of 99 Senate (upper legislative body) members, 19 were women, including 11 of 33 appointed by President Ouattara in April 2019 and eight of 66 elected in 2018.
Members of the transgender community reported difficulty obtaining identity and voting documents. Electoral staff and fellow voters at polling sites for the October presidential election were observed assisting voters with disabilities, such as those who were unable to walk up stairs or legally blind individuals. The same assistance was offered during the June-July voter registration process due to a lack of government-provided accommodations for individuals with disabilities.
Rape and Domestic Violence: The law prohibits rape and provides for prison terms of five to 20 years for perpetrators. The law does not specifically penalize spousal rape, and there is a rebuttable presumption of consent in marital rape cases. The court may impose a life sentence in cases of gang rape if the rapists are related to or hold positions of authority over the victim, or if the victim is younger than age 15. Media and NGOs reported that rape of schoolgirls by teachers was a problem, but the government did not provide information on charges filed.
A local human rights organization that supports the rights of persons with disabilities reported a man was sentenced to a 20-year prison term for the April 2019 murder of his pregnant girlfriend, a woman with disabilities. The same organization reported that the 2019 rape and killing of another teenage girl with disabilities remained unsolved as of September.
Survivors were often discouraged from pursuing criminal cases, with their families often accepting payment as compensation. A human rights organization cited a recent case in which a rape victim with disabilities' father brought a complaint against the rapist and then withdrew it upon receiving a private payment from the assailant. The mother of the victim, wanting her own compensation, threatened to file a complaint and then refused to do so after receiving a payment from the assailant. There was at least one report of security forces intervening to persuade a family to file criminal charges rather than accept private compensation for a sexual assault on their minor child.
Although rape victims were no longer legally required to obtain a medical certificate, some human rights organizations reported that victim who did not do so encountered difficulties in moving their cases forward. Obtaining a medical certificate could be costly. In the first half of the year, the government reported authorities accepted 50 rape cases for investigation without a medical certificate.
Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C): The law specifically forbids FGM/C and provides penalties for practitioners of up to five years' imprisonment and substantial fines. Double penalties apply to medical practitioners, including doctors, nurses, and medical technicians. Nevertheless, FGM/C remained a problem. The government reported one FGM/C prosecution in the first half of the year. The defendant was fined and sentenced to 24 months in prison. The most recent 2016 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey indicated that the rate of FGM/C nationwide was 36.6 percent, with prevalence varying by region.
Other Harmful Traditional Practices: Societal violence against women included traditional practices that are illegal, such as dowry deaths (the killing of brides over dowry disputes), levirate (forcing a widow to marry her dead husband's brother), and sororate (forcing a woman to marry her dead sister's husband). The government did not provide information regarding the prevalence or rate of prosecution for such violence or forced activity during the year but stated that no deaths were linked to these practices.
Sexual Harassment: The law prohibits sexual harassment and prescribes penalties of one-to–three years' imprisonment and fines. Nevertheless, the government rarely, if ever, enforced the law, and harassment was widespread and routinely tolerated.
Reproductive Rights: The law provides for full and equal access to reproductive health information and services to all men and women ages 15 and older. Couples and individuals generally have the right to decide the number, spacing, and timing of their children, and had access to the information and means to do so, free from coercion, discrimination, or violence. Government policy required emergency health-care services to be available and free to all, but care was not available in all regions, particularly rural areas, and was often expensive.
According to estimates by the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2010-19, 44 percent of women of reproductive age had their need for family planning satisfied with modern methods. The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) estimated 82 percent of all women had the autonomy to decide whether to use contraception. Barriers to modern methods of contraception included cost (the government only partially subsidized the cost of some methods of contraception), distance to points of purchase such as pharmacies and clinics, and low or unreliable stocks of certain types of contraception. Other barriers to use included misinformation and hearsay, as well as religious beliefs and biases against marginalized groups.
According to estimates by the WHO, 74 percent of births in 2010-19 were attended by skilled health personnel. Barriers to births attended by skilled health personnel included distance to modern health facilities, cost of prenatal consultations and other birth-related supplies and vaccinations, and low provider capacity. According to WHO estimates, in 2010-18, the adolescent birth rate was 123 per 1,000 girls aged 15-19.
Health services for survivors of sexual violence existed, but costs of such services were often prohibitive for victims, law enforcement often did not know to refer victims to medical practitioners, and many medical practitioners were not trained in treatment of survivors of sexual violence.
According to estimates by the WHO, UNICEF, the UNFPA, the World Bank, and the United Nations Population Division, in 2017 (the latest year for which data are available), the maternal mortality rate was 617 deaths per 100,000 live births, down from 658 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2015. Factors contributing to the high maternal mortality rate were chiefly related to lack of access to quality care. Additionally, local nongovernmental organizations reported women often had to pay for prenatal consultations and other birth-related supplies and vaccinations, which dissuaded them from using modern facilities and increased the likelihood of maternal mortality. As a result of FGM/C, scarification was common. Scarification can lead to obstructed labor during childbirth, an obstetric complication that is a common cause of maternal deaths, especially in the absence of Caesarean section capability.
Coercion in Population Control: There were no reports of coerced abortion or involuntary sterilization on the part of government authorities.
Discrimination: The law provides the same legal status and rights for women and men in labor law, although there were also restrictions on women's employment (see section 7.d.). A 2019 law establishes the right for widows to inherit upon the deaths of their husbands as much as the deceased's children can. Human rights organizations reported many religious and traditional authorities rejected laws intended to reduce gender-related inequality in household decision-making.
Birth Registration: The law confers citizenship at birth if at least one parent was a citizen when the child was born.
The law provides parents a three-month period to register their child's birth for a nominal fee. In some parts of the country, the three-month window conflicts with important cultural practices around the naming of children, making birth registration difficult for many families. To register births after the first three months, families must also pay a fine. For older children, authorities may require a doctor's age assessment and other documents. To continue to secondary school, children must pass an exam for which identity documents are required. As a result children without documents could not continue their studies after primary school. The government, with the support of UNICEF, requires healthcare workers in maternity wards and at immunization sites to complete birth registration forms automatically when providing services. According to UNICEF this service was offered during the year in nearly 62 percent of the country's health centers and, since the beginning of the program, health workers have completed registration paperwork for 85,779 newborns out of 94,892 live births, a registration rate of 90 percent.
Education: Primary schooling is obligatory, free, and open to all. Education was thus ostensibly free and compulsory for children ages six to 16, but families generally reported being asked to pay school fees, either to receive their children's records or pay for school supplies. In principle students' families do not have to pay for books or user fees, but families usually covered some schooling expenses not covered by the government. Parents also often contributed to teachers' salaries and living stipends, particularly in rural areas. Parents of children not in compliance with the law were reportedly subject to substantial fines or two to six months in jail, but this was seldom, if ever, enforced, and many children did not attend or have access to school.
Girls participated in education at lower rates than boys, particularly in rural areas. Although girls initially enrolled at a higher rate, their participation dropped below boys' because of a cultural tendency to keep girls at home to care for younger siblings or do other domestic work, and due to reported sexual harassment of female students by teachers and other staff. In April 2019 the Ministry of National Education created a new gender unit to focus on improving education and training for girls and women. The gender unit sponsored several events during the year, including a celebration of International Day of the Girl and a training for community leaders and parents on preventing pregnancy among school-aged girls.
Child Abuse: The penalty for statutory rape, or attempted rape, of a child younger than age 16 is a prison sentence of one to three years and a substantial fine. In March the government published a report detailing the findings of a 2018 study carried out with the support of international donors on violence against children and youth younger than age 18. The study found that 19 percent of girls and 11 percent of boys had been victims of sexual violence and 47 percent of girls and 61 percent of boys had been victims of physical violence. In 2019 the government investigated 59 cases of sexual abuse of minors and 37 child rape cases. In the first half of the year, the government reported two child rape convictions and four pending prosecutions. In February authorities arrested the relatives of a nine-year-old who died while being raped for not reporting the crime and for aiding in the rapist's escape. To assist child victims of violence and abuse, the government cooperated with UNICEF to strengthen the child protection network in areas such as case management, the implementation of evidence-based prevention programs, and data collection and analysis.
Responsibility for combating child abuse lies with the Ministries of Employment, Social Affairs, and Professional Training; Justice and Human Rights; Women, Families, and Children; Solidarity, Social Cohesion, and the Fight against Poverty; and National Education. International organizations and civil society groups reported that lack of coordination among the ministries hampered their effectiveness.
Child, Early, and Forced Marriage: A law passed in July 2019 equalized the legal age for marriage for women and men at 18. The law prohibits marriage of women and men younger than 18 without parental consent. The law specifically penalizes anyone who forces a minor younger than 18 to enter a religious or customary matrimonial union. Nevertheless, reports of traditional marriages involving at least one minor spouse persisted.
In 2017 (most recent data available) according to UNICEF, 27 percent of girls were married by age 18 and 7 percent by age 15. In September media reported that a 15-year-old girl had been forced to marry a 29-year-old man in a customary marriage and was subjected to repeated abuse until she stabbed him to death in self-defense. Authorities arrested the girl and she confessed to the homicide; however, the public prosecutor ultimately released her and entrusted her to the Child and Youth Judicial Protection Service.
Sexual Exploitation of Children: The minimum age for consensual sex is 18. The law prohibits the use, recruitment, or offering of minors for commercial sex or use in pornographic films, pictures, or events. Violators can receive prison sentences ranging from five to 20 years and substantial fines. Statutory rape of a minor carries a punishment of one to three years in prison and a monetary fine.
The country is a source, transit, and destination country for children subjected to trafficking in persons, including sex trafficking.
Displaced Children: Human rights organizations reported thousands of children countrywide lived on the streets and were frequently subject to harassment by authorities. The government implemented a program to reduce the number of homeless minors. Officials in the Ministry of Youth opened several centers in a few cities where at-risk youth could live and receive training. A charity associated with First Lady Dominique Ouattara broke ground on a shelter to house former juvenile offenders. There was no information on the number of minors assisted in 2020.
International Child Abductions: The country is not a party to the 1980 Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. See the Department of State's Annual Report on International Parental Child Abduction at https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/International-Parental-Child-Abduction/for-providers/legal-reports-and-data/reported-cases.html .
Homosexuality is not criminalized, but public heterosexual and same-sex intimate activity is subject to conviction as a form of public indecency that carries a penalty of up to two years' imprisonment. In July 2019 the government made minor changes to the law, but human rights organizations reported the changes did not prevent tacit discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity.
Human rights organizations reported the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) community continued to face discrimination and violence. Authorities were at times slow and ineffective in their response to societal violence targeting the LGBTI community. Further, LGBTI persons often did not report violence committed or threatened against them, including assault or homicide, because they did not believe authorities would take their complaints seriously. LGBTI community members reported being evicted from their homes by landlords or by their own families. Familial rejection of LGBTI youth often caused them to become homeless and drop out of school. Members of the LGBTI community reported discrimination in access to health care.
In February a gay man was reportedly severely beaten by family members after presenting his long-term partner publicly at his birthday party. The next day, his uncle told him he would not let his homosexuality tarnish the family's image and instructed relatives to beat or kill him. After his relatives beat the man, neighbors sheltered him and took him to a health center for treatment. He then took refuge in a church, but congregants demanded the pastor expel him. Information regarding authorities' response to this incident was not readily available.
There were no credible reports of official discrimination based on HIV/AIDS status, and the government respected the confidentiality of individuals' HIV/AIDS status. The government adhered to global standards of patient rights, and a statement of these rights was posted or available at health facilities. The law expressly condemns all forms of discrimination against persons with HIV and provides for their access to care and treatment. The law also prescribes punishment for refusal of care or discrimination based on HIV/AIDS status. Social stigma persists.
The Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene managed a program within the National AIDS Control Program to assist vulnerable populations at high risk of acquiring HIV/AIDS (including but not limited to men who have sex with men, commercial sex workers, persons who inject drugs, prisoners, and migrants). The Ministry of Women, Families, and Child Protection oversaw a program that directed educational, psychosocial, nutritional, and economic support to orphans and other vulnerable children, including those infected or affected by HIV.


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Return to the Full Article View	You can republish this story for free. Click the "Copy HTML" button below. Questions? Get more details.
Timeline: Insulin Market Under Scrutiny
By Sarah Jane Tribble	 October 30, 2017
The price of lifesaving diabetes drugs has skyrocketed over the past decade. And patients aren't the only ones who have noticed. Five states and a federal prosecutor are demanding information from insulin manufacturers and the pharmaceutical industry's financial middlemen.
Below, we detail when legal action related to insulin drugs began, with links to documents.
The U.S. Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York launches the first of several civil investigative demands (CIDs), beginning with Sanofi and Novo Nordisk.
The federal prosecutor's demand of Novo Nordisk specifies information is needed regarding insulins Novolog, Novolin and Levemir, according to the company's annual report; Sanofi reports the request for information is also in relation to pharmacy benefit managers and regarding top-selling insulin drug Lantus as well as Apidra since 2006, according to the company's annual 20-F filing.
Eli Lilly discloses that the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York issued a CID also for information related to pharmacy benefit managers, according to its July 2016 quarterly filing.
This KHN story can be republished for free (details).
Express Scripts receives a CID from the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York. It too notes the federal prosecutor is asking for information about relationships. No specific drugs are named, according to the company's 2016 annual report.
Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) and Rep. Elijah Cummings (D-Md.) ask the Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission to investigate whether insulin makers have colluded or engaged in anti-competitive behavior.
Minnesota's attorney general launches what appears to be the first state investigation, issuing civil investigative demands to Sanofi and Novo Nordisk.
Sanofi specifies information is needed regarding insulin drugs Lantus and Toujeo, according to the company's 20-F filing. Novo Nordisk reports the state lawmaker wants information relating to "pricing and trade practices" since January 2008 to present regarding insulins Levemir and Tresiba, according to the company's annual report.
On Jan. 30, attorney Steve Berman of Hagens Berman files initial complaint in the U.S. District Court of Massachusetts against insulin makers Novo Nordisk, Sanofi and Eli Lilly. He alleges an "organized scheme to drive up prices at the expense of patients who need insulin drugs to live." The case later transfers to New Jersey.
Berman's lawsuit is transferred to New Jersey and combined with a related case filed by attorney James Cecchi, representing patients against the insulin makers.
Washington's attorney general issues a CID to Sanofi echoing Minnesota's request and specifying the request is for insulin drugs Lantus, Toujeo, Apidra and Soliqua from 2005 to present, according to the company's half-year financial report.
Frank Barnett and other patients file suit March 8 in the U.S. District Court of New Jersey against the insulin manufacturers, notably adding the nation's largest pharmacy benefit managers Express Scripts, CVS Health and UnitedHealth Group as defendants.
Julia Boss, the Type 1 Diabetes Defense Foundation and other patients file suit on March 17 in the U.S. District Court of New Jersey against the three big insulin manufacturers as well as the pharmacy benefit managers.
CVS Health receives a CID from Washington's AG seeking information regarding pricing and rebates for insulin and epinephrine products connected to a pending investigation. Under the bullet item "Insulin Products Investigation," CVS states that the Washington attorney general's office will share information with the attorneys general of California, Florida and Minnesota, which filed a CID in July.
Scott Christensen and other patients file suit April 20 in the U.S. District Court of New Jersey alleging violations of the Sherman Antitrust Act. Defendants include Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly, Sanofi, Express Scripts, CVS Health, UnitedHealth Group with its PBM division OptumRx.
Eli Lilly does not specify drugs but confirms it has a received a CID from Washington's attorney general about the "pricing of our insulin products and our relationships with pharmacy benefit managers." It also states New Mexico's attorney general issued a CID related to "the pricing of our insulin products," according to its quarterly financial filing.
CVS Health receives a CID from Minnesota's AG seeking information regarding pricing and rebates for insulin and epinephrine products connected to a pending investigation, according to a quarterly filing.
Eli Lilly says it has received a CID from Minnesota's AG "relating to the pricing and sale of our insulin products." California and Florida's attorneys general requested information related to pricing of insulin products, according to its quarterly filing.
Sen. Amy Klobuchar (D-Minn.) sends letters to insulin manufacturers asking for "an explanation of the extreme price increases" of insulin. Eli Lilly, Sanofi and Novo Nordisk each respond.
On Sept. 18, U.S. District Judge Brian Martinotti appoints Steve Berman and James Cecchi as interim lead counsel over a suit that combines the various civil lawsuits filed since the beginning of 2017 into one behemoth potential class-action suit. Martinotti notes that the team of Berman and Cecchi "has successfully tried similar claims against comparable defendants."
KHN's coverage of these topics is supported by John A. Hartford Foundation and Laura and John Arnold Foundation
Sarah Jane Tribble, Kaiser Health News October 30, 2017
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Kavala Airport - Fire Department
Sri Lankan Airlines A330 hit the runway lights after touchdown at Cochin Airport…
◄ Passenger opened the emergency door following a bomb hoax..
Water bowser damages Sri Lankan Airlines A320 ►
by Kiriakos Tsakiridis - Wednesday, 30 May 2018, 10:13 AM
SriLankan Airlines Airbus A330 hit the runway lights after touchdown at Cochin Airport in southern Indian state of Kerala on Sunday 27 May 2018.
The flight UL167 from Colombo, Sri Lanka with 228 passengers and 12 crew onboard landed at the airport at 3:55 PM, but touched down one meter away from the designated path due to strong crosswinds and veered toward the runway edge and hit the runway lights.
"Due to the ambient conditions, strong winds and heavy rain, the aircraft veered toward the runway edge and caused damage to some ground lights," the airline said in a statement. No injuries were reported.
The runway was closed for 50 minutes, and only one Jet airways flight from Mumbai was diverted due to the incident.
http://newsinflight.com/2018/05/28/sri-lankan-airlines-a330-hit-the-runway-lights-after-touchdown-at-cochin-airport/


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Home Artificial Intelligence Bussr Joins BMW Foundation and MIT Global Sustainability Initiative
Bussr Joins BMW Foundation and MIT Global Sustainability Initiative
Singapore-based transport disruptor Bussr is joining the BMW Foundation and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) to participate in their global mobility and sustainability initiatives. The initiative will kick start with a global workshop panel of cross-sectoral leaders on June 23.
The global workshop will "Explore how digital and socio-ecological transformations will change the ways in which humans interact with civic and social mobility, within the existing infrastructure as well as within entirely new infrastructure systems."
Uniquely qualified to present new ideas and perspectives on the topic of mobility, Bussr is one of the world's leading innovators in the global transit and ground passenger transportation market, which will reach US$908.8 billion by 2027.
Bussr is a world-leading AI-based mobility company that offers advanced technology for cities' public transportation, private transport operators, corporates, and schools. Bussr uses advanced AI algorithms for elegant booking, payments, analytics, and operations to facilitate mobility to millions of people.
With the confident aim of changing the way the world moves from A to B, Bussr is the bold vision of former Microsoft Chief Architect, co-founder and CTO Ajay Bhandari, former Rocket Internet founder and CEO Hussein Abdelkarim, and veteran technology consultant and co-founder I.M. Shousha.
Ajay, who will speak at the prestigious event, said, "We are seeing undeniable and massive population shifts towards urban centers, and now is the time to have an honest but optimistic discussion about how we can leverage technology to give equitable access to mobility services. It's also important that we make transport services and infrastructure sustainable and viable for operators and society overall. We are thrilled to talk at this important event, and we look forward to providing insight wherever we can."
With everyday citizens seeking better lives in our cities, the world's urban population has increased by 55% in the previous 50 years and now accounts for more than 80% of global GDP. Mobility is key to this growth, with demand for urban road passenger transport predicted to double by 2050.
Forward-thinking global centers have realized that mass transport, such as subways, buses, ferries, and trains, as well as cycling and walking, are the way of the future. The rise of electric cars (EVs), micromobility, Uber, Didi, and Grab have made some gains in recent years, but much more needs to be done to solve the global transportation sector's inherent throttling.
Ajay, Abdelkarim, and Shousha view today's transportation industry as a busy, but chaotic dance. Currently, private passengers must arrange their travel manually, connecting multiple modes of transportation at different times that may or may not be convenient. On the other hand, transport providers still use manual scheduling techniques based on outmoded tradition rather than real-time data, which results in massive inefficiencies across the board.
The trio believes that their digitization of mobility networks will add a coordinated elegance to the way people travel. With its AI-powered technology, each Bussr journey is a synchronized, smooth jump from point A to point B, leaving cities less polluted and filled with people rather than vehicles. All of this contributes to Bussr's overall objective of "Digitizing mobility. Connecting the world."
Bussr's Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) platform serves as a private-use app as well as an end-to-end, omnichannel payment, ticketing, and fleet management solution for transport providers. Its specialized AI platform constantly analyzes millions of data points to assist mass transit systems to operate at peak efficiency for both passengers and operators.
For private passengers, the Bussr app is accessible for both iOS and Android, and gives end-to-end travel alternatives such as public buses, ride-sharing, trains, or even bike and scooter rentals to complete a trip. The user simply enters Point A and Point B, and the Bussr app uses its advanced AI algorithms to offer the optimal route in terms of time, cost, and carbon footprint by reducing reliance on single-occupant motor vehicle use.
Bussr's platform, which is available to cities, transport operators, schools, and corporations, may be branded or white-labeled for any use case. Bussr enables ticketing and payment administration, as well as extensive data insight on passenger flow, timing, and density. Operators are then able to correctly predict and plan for future passenger and transportation demands.
More than 900 transport partners already benefit from Bussr technology. In addition, 60 major payment providers are already on the Bussr platform, with 100,000 retail stores in 500 cities and towns.
The global workshop will be hosted by RESPOND, an initiative of the BMW Foundation. RESPOND works with entrepreneurs across the globe to drive innovation, accelerate sustainable business models, and empower responsible leadership in order to solve the world's social, environmental, and economic challenges.
HA, Bussr Technologies
Email: press@bussr.com
Web: https://www.bussr.com
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The Provincial Overdose Mobile Response Team offers psychosocial support, education, and training to organizations and agencies working within British Columbia's overdose public health emergency.
First responders, frontline workers, people with lived experience/Peers are directly impacted by the overdose crisis affecting communities across the province. The purpose of the provincial overdose Mobile Response Team is to give immediate, short-term support to those affected by the public health emergency. This includes people who have been impacted by critical incidents such as multiple overdoses and/or deaths during the course of their work.
The Provincial Overdose Mobile Response Team was created in May 2017 with support from the BC Ministry of Health and BC Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions in recognition of the psychosocial impacts the provincial overdose public health emergency is having on first responders, frontline workers and people with lived experience/peers.
The team provides skill-building opportunities to enhance resiliency and the capacity to cope with the trauma of responding to multiple overdoses, deaths and loss.
The diverse backgrounds of the team include first responders, psychologists, traumatologists, counsellors and art therapists.
We conduct outreach throughout the province and liaise with all health authorities and their contracted agencies, including First Nations Health. MRT liaisons have been assigned to cover each health authority and community agencies throughout the province.
The team responds to all areas of the province experiencing direct impacts related to the provincial overdose health emergency. Established relationships and partnerships have led to ongoing and standing scheduled opportunities for outreach and support.
Promote individual and agency resiliency.
Create space to deal with grief and loss.
Offer supportive strategies for living with and responding to trauma.
Encourage helping communities recover and adapt through accountability and action.
We also deliver critical incident stress management models to develop peer to peer support programs, tools and resources.
All support services are confidential.
To request Mobile Response Team services, email MRT@phsa.ca, or call 1.888.686.3022.


text:
Stress tests: Banks need $75 billion
Results of long-awaited bank stress tests reveal that 10 out of 19 banks tested need to raise new capital. Bank of America must raise $33.9 billion.
Last Updated: May 8, 2009: 7:47 AM ET
ROAD TO RESCUE
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How much each needs
NEW YORK (CNNMoney.com) -- Ten of the nation's 19 largest banks will need to raise a total of $74.6 billion in capital, federal officials announced Thursday, bringing an end to relentless speculation about how much more money the nation's leading banks would need to withstand the recession.
More than two months after launching the so-called "stress test" program, leading regulators said that more than half of the banks tested would require capital to absorb additional losses if the economy weakens further.
Under the most severe economic scenario, regulators estimated losses could reach $599 billion for the group, the bulk of which coming from residential mortgages and other consumer loans such as credit cards.
Leading the list of companies that need more capital was Bank of America (BAC, Fortune 500), which faces a $33.9 billion shortfall. Following behind was Wells Fargo (WFC, Fortune 500) and struggling auto finance firm GMAC, which will need to raise $13.7 billion and $11.5 billion respectively.
Beleaguered banking giant Citigroup (C, Fortune 500), which has taken hold of approximately $50 billion in government aid to date, is being asked to raise $5 billion, regulators said. (See how much all the big banks need, as well as how much they could lose in the worst-case scenario.)
Five regional lenders -- PNC, Regions Financial, SunTrust, Fifth Third and KeyCorp will also be required to raise new capital. So will Wall Street investment bank Morgan Stanley (MS, Fortune 500), which regulators said would require $1.8 billion to shore up its capital position.
Goldman Sachs (GS, Fortune 500), JPMorgan Chase (JPM, Fortune 500), American Express (AXP, Fortune 500) and Bank of New York Mellon were among the nine banks that regulators said do not need to raise more capital. The others were Capital One Financial, BB&T, U.S. Bancorp, State Street and insurer MetLife.
The completion of the stress tests and the pending capital raises by some institutions will mean that "banks can get back to the business of banking," Treasury Secretary Tim Geithner said in a conference call with reporters Thursday.
"This transparent, conservatively designed test should result in a more efficient, stronger banking system," Geithner said.
Results of the tests, which were first made known to executives at participating banks nearly two weeks ago, have steadily surfaced in media reports in recent days.
Regulators were originally slated to release the results earlier this week, but pushed the announcement back after some banks disagreed with the government's findings.
Defending the tests
Launched at a time when fears about the underlying health of the U.S. banking sector were boiling over, the program was largely geared towards identifying which institutions might need additional support.
At the same time, regulators wanted to ensure that banks did not face a capital shortfall and scale back on lending as a result, "sucking the oxygen out of [an economic] recovery," Geithner said Thursday.
Industry regulators, including the Office of Thrift Supervision and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, looked at how banks' loan portfolios performed under two different economic scenarios, including an "adverse" situation, over the next two years.
Some critics have feared that the economic estimates used by regulators, including the unemployment rate hitting 10.3% by 2010, were perhaps not severe enough.
Economists, for example, are betting that the Labor Department will report Friday morning that the nation's unemployment rate, which has been spiraling higher in recent months, hit 8.9% during April.
Leading bank regulators, however, fired back Thursday, suggesting that the economic assumptions were "appropriately stressful" given banks' incoming revenue and their existing loan loss reserves.
Comptroller of the Currency John Dugan noted that in conducting the tests, he and fellow regulators assumed that banks' loss rates would hit 9.1% over two years -- a figure that would exceed losses recognized by major banks in any two-year period since 1921, a span that includes the Great Depression.
Next step for banks
With the results of the tests now public, banks that need to raise new capital will have one month to tell regulators how they intend to do so and six months from that point to carry out their plans.
0:00 /03:33Why Berkshire loves Wells Fargo
As it stands right now, banks appear to have a menu of options at their fingertips including the sale of certain businesses, ditching loans or securities through the government's Public-Private Investment Program (PPIP), or issuing new shares. Given the surge in bank stocks over the past two months, the last option may be an appealing option for some banks.
Fully aware of their "stress test" grade, several banks preempted Thursday's official announcement by regulators by announcing plans of their own to raise capital through stock offerings.
Wells Fargo said it would raise $6 billion through the sale of common stock. Morgan Stanley revealed plans to offer $2 billion in common stock in addition to $3 billion in debt not guaranteed by the FDIC.
If banks can't raise all the necessary capital in the next six months, the government is expected to convert preferred stock it already owns in these banks into common stock.
Even as many bank leaders appeared relieved that the tests were over and that they were deemed well capitalized, there were indications that executives at many of these financial institutions continue to remain frustrated with the government's oversight.
During a conference call with investors, Bank of America CEO Ken Lewis maintained that his company has no plans to convert any of the government preferred share stake into common stock, but rather is focused on paying back money from the Troubled Asset Relief Program, or TARP, as quickly as possible.
"The game plan is to get the government out of our bank as quickly as possible," said Lewis.
He added that Bank of America planned to address its capital shortfall through a combination of several joint ventures and the sale of its First Republic Bank and Columbia Management divisions. The bulk of the nearly $34 billion, however, would come through an equity raise.
One pressing question that continues to swirl around Bank of America and other hard-hit institutions is the fate of their management. Regulators said over the next month, the 19 banks are also supposed to review their executive teams to ensure that they have "sufficient expertise and ability to manage the risks presented by the current economic environment," regulators said Wednesday.
Last week, Lewis was ousted from his role as chairman of Bank of America by dissatisfied shareholders. The company also indicated Thursday that it was considering making other changes to the board including its current directors.
CNNMoney.com senior writer Jennifer Liberto and Fortune.com senior writer Colin Barr contributed to this report
First Published: May 7, 2009: 5:03 PM ET
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Alaska sunlight update: June, 18, 2010.
Sorry to miss that, I was hoping to note the exact day with a little celebration. But with a lot of cloudy weather recently, there hasn't been any reason to look at the weather report. I'll guess we had at least a week straight of clouds and light rain, maybe two weeks.
How light is it in Alaska this time of year? Last night I started to make dinner at a time that felt "normal", and when I looked at the clock, it was 9:30 pm.


text:
Q: Raychaudhuri equation v/s Einstein Field equations Raychaudhuri equation describes the evolution of a geodesic congruence in a spacetime.
While Einstein field equation tells about the curvature of spacetime. This helps in determining the motion of particles on various geodesics.
How are these two description different? Are they telling the same physics in two different ways? If we have Einstein field equations then why do we need Raychaudhuri equation?

A:
While Einstein field equation tells about the curvature of spacetime. This helps in determining the motion of particles on various geodesics.

I don't think this is a good characterization of the Einstein field equation. The EFE relates curvature to stress-energy. "Matter tells spacetime how to curve, and spacetime tells matter how to move." The EFE doesn't just define a measure of curvature, it allows us to predict that curvature when we have matter with known properties.
The Raychaudhuri equation is a theorem that can be proved from the EFE, so in that sense we could possibly get along without it. It doesn't imply the EFE, because it's a purely geometrical equation and has no information about matter fields. However, it tells us nontrivial things that we wouldn't have known just by staring at the EFE. For example, it is used in proving the singularity theorems, which were contrary to many relativists' intuitions.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Rahu and Ketu have been considered as Grahas in Vedic astrology. They have no physical identity but only mathematically calculated sensitive points having immense influence on the natives of earth.
Rahu and Ketu are unique to our system or astrology. Why so much stress on the point of intersection of the ecliptic is given has to be understood. While sun is the body and Moon is the mind the intersection is bound to give immense effect.
Rahu and Ketu are not stationary in space but have a mean motion of about 19 degrees and 30 minutes in a year. It means it takes about 18 years and 6 months to make a revolution around the Earth. This motion is retrograde. There is a concept of Mean Rahu and True Rahu. In Hindu astrology we take the true position of Rahu and Ketu.
This story relates to the great churning of the ocean by the Devas and the Asuras to take out Amrita. Lord Vishnu with the intention of preserving good made it a point that the Amrita should not go to the Asuras. To ensure this he took the form of Mohini. Mohini so maneuvered the sitting arrangement that she got to the Devtas first. The Asura to understand this trick was Swarbhanu. He took the form of Devas and positioned himself in between Sun and Moon. When his term came he also received Amrita from the disguised Lord Vishnu. Before Swarbhanu could drink the Amrita Sun and Moon identified it. Lord Vishnu severed off his head with his Sudarshan Chakra. However, some drops of Amrita had gone down hence both the head and body became immortal. The head represents Rahu and Tail is Ketu.
The severed head was taken by Simihika the mother of Asura Swarbhanu and nursed patiently. The head over a period of time got the body of Serpent and he was named Rahu. A Brahmin named Mini took the body. He brought up this body as his own son. To this body Lord Vishnu granted a serpents head. This became Ketu who in the due course of time became a saintly and revered seer.
Rahu and Ketu have not forgiven Sun and Moon for exposing them and they cause Eclipse.
a) Faulty Logic b) Harsh speech c) Outcaste d) an irreligious person e) going to a foreign country f) Unclean g) Bones h) abdominal ulcers i) Falsehood j) South western direction k) serpents l) Old age m) Maternal grand father n) Worship of Vana Durga o) Writing Urdu or Persian (Because these two languages start from right hand side, written in reversed manner, like Rahu and Ketu's movement in Zodiac, which is retrograde or Apsavya move. p) Breathing q) Acute duodenal pain.
Rahu is in own house in Kanya Rashi. It is exalted when placed in Vrishabha Rashi while it is debilitated when placed in Vrischik Rashi. However, there are divergent views on this. Some authorities take the Exaltation and Debilitation points as Mithuna and Dhanu respectively. It is said that Rahu gives Yogkaraka result if placed in Cancer Karkata Rashi. However, it has to be noted that being a Chhaya Grah it gives results based on the planetary influences. It is generally observed that with a benefic or in benefic influence it gives very good result. It is generally considered as a good planet for worldly comforts. However, there is lots of Maya attached with Rahu. In modern times Rahu represents Computers, Internet and Mass Media.
Rahu is friendly to Jupiter, Venus and Saturn. It considers Sun and Moon as its enemy and towards Mercury it is Neutral.
Ketu is exalted when it is placed in Scorpio Vrischik rashi and debilitated when placed in the Vrishabha Rashi. However, some authorities have given the Exaltation and Debilitation point as Dhanu and Mithuna respectively. It has to be said that Ketu is more towards spiritual side and is the Karaka for final emancipation whereas Rahu is more towards worldly pleasures. Again it has to be said that being a Chhaya Graha gives results according to associations.
However, in spite of having number of ancient texts extensively dealing with various signs of exaltation and debilitation of Rahu and Ketu there exists significant amount of controversy over the same.
Ketu is friendly to Mars, Venus and Saturn. It considers Sun and Moon as his enemies and towards Mercury and Jupiter it is Neutral.


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I have always been curious about the wind. Where does it come from and where is it going? Why is it strong or weak? The explanation was probably covered in school but I'm sure I was absent that day.
Warm air rises and cold air drops.
The sun hits the earth at different angles. Straight sun rays at the equator are hot. Sun rays hit the polar ice caps at an angle and create little heat. When the earth circles the sun, it tilts toward the heat (summer) or away from the sun (winter). The Earth spins us toward the sun (day) and away from the sun (night).
The meaning of all that? There is unequal heating across the planet. The Earth surfaces absorb heat differently, so the oceans, mountains, plains, lakes and forests are affected differently. Some areas are hotter than others.
Warm air cools as it rises and the molecules are pressed tighter together. This is known as high pressure. Close to the surface, when the warm molecules rise they leave behind areas not packed with pressure (low pressure). These differences in pressure usually occur over massive geographical areas.
The simple summary: air moves from high pressure into low pressure voids. When hot air elevates, cooler air rushes to occupy the space. The movement of these air volumes is … wind. The bigger the differences in pressure, the faster the air moves.
Are there better explanations than this? There better be. My third grade teacher in science class probably had a clearer message. Sorry I missed it.


WALK-OUT BUNGALOW - BRAND NEW ON 3.4 TREED ACRES! This home is scheduled to be finished early in 2019. Located in the subdivision of Forest Glen just 25 minutes east of Sherwood Park. Private cul-de-sac location. The main floor consists of 3 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms. The master bedroom will be finished with spa like ensuite with corner tub and shower and his/her sinks. The great room is open to the kitchen with corner gas fireplace and large dining area. Spacious mud room, main floor laundry room with utility sink and cabinetry, walk-through pantry etc. This home has municipal water on a low flow trickle system.


text:
<?php

namespace Gponster\OAuth\Provider;

use Illuminate\Auth\UserInterface;

/**
 * Interface that declares the methods that must be
 * present in the UserValidator
 */
interface SocialLoginProviderInterface {

	/**
	 *
	 * @param string $provider
	 * @param string $uid
	 * @param string $accessToken
	 *
	 * @return UserInterface return user who linked to this social profile, return null
	 *         if not found or cannot verify against provider using provided information
	 */
	public function login($provider, $uid, $accessToken, $accessTokenSecret = null);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Liquigas-Bianchi's Michael Albasini gave the host nation its first success in this year's Tour of Switzerland when he just hung on to edge out Gregory Rast (Phonak) and Ren Haselbacher on stage five into Altdorf. The trio were part of a seven-rider group that went clear with 125km to the finish and came in just 38 seconds ahead of the bunch.
There was no change in the overall standings. Jan Ullrich maintained his narrow two-second lead over Brad McGee going into tomorrow's second mountain stage of the race. Although featuring the hors catgorie Oberalp climb early on in the stage, tomorrow's decisive action will take place on the final first-cat ascent to the finish in Arosa.
Apart from Albasini's victory, the main news on the stage was the non-appearance of Alejandro Valverde on this morning's start line in Bad Zurzach. Meanwhile, the sponsor of Valverde's Illes Balears team has announced that its financial commitment will be reduced from 7 million euros to 2.5 million euros over the next two seasons as it switches most of its investment to a Menorcan basketball team.
Illes Balears team manager Eusebio Unzue has admitted he knew nothing about the basketball deal before he read about it in the press, but his team is believed to be negotiating with sub-sponsor Caisse d'Epargne, who are expected to take over the lead role as sponsor from Illes Balears. This deal is likely to put the future of the team's four Balearic riders in doubt as their contracts all run out at the end of this season and Caisse d'Epargne is reportedly keen on Unzue and his team recruiting some French riders.


text:
State Capitol Week in Review
Senator Missy Irvin
The legislature completed the 2019 regular session after finalizing a balanced budget of about $5.75 billion in general revenue for next fiscal year. That is about $124 million more than will be spent during the current year.
The state general revenue fund is mostly generated by sales taxes, individual income taxes and corporate income taxes.
The legislature enacted a trio of tax cuts. Act 182 will save Arkansas families more than $97 million a year in lower personal income taxes. It will benefit about 579,000 taxpayers with net taxable incomes greater than $38,200.
Act 808 lowers property taxes for more than 716,000 homeowners, by increasing the homestead property tax credit from $350 to $375. Each year, Arkansas homeowners will save an additional $12.5 million because of Act 808.
Act 822 will lower income taxes by about $57 million a year for businesses when it is fully in effect. It lowers the top rate for income above $100,000, and it extends to 20 years the carry forward period in which they can claim net operating losses.
Much of the lost state revenue will be made up from sales taxes on Internet retail purchases. The act does not change sales tax rates, but clarifies that they will be collected equally from online retailers as they are collected from "bricks and mortar" stores.
The legislature enacted long-term highway program. Act 146 will generate $59 million a year for the state and $12.6 million a year for both cities and counties to maintain and build roads and bridges.
It levies a new wholesale sales tax on gasoline and diesel, which will result in an additional 3 cents a gallon on gas and 6 cents on diesel.
The new state rate for gasoline will be 24.5 cents a gallon, and for diesel it will be 28.5 cents. In the future, increases will be limited to 0.1 percent per gallon.
The bill levies additional registration fees on electric vehicles of $200 and hybrid vehicles of $100. In 2018 there were 18,777 hybrids registered in Arkansas, and 802 electric vehicles registered. Their owners paid $17, $25 or $30 to register, depending on the weight of the vehicles.
Also, $35 million a year from new casino taxes will be transferred to state highway projects.
The second component of the highway program will depend on Arkansas voters. The legislature referred to the 2020 ballot whether to make permanent the current temporary half-cent sales tax. Revenue from the half cent is allocated for highways.
If voters approve, the half cent will generate $293.7 million a year. Cities and counties will each receive $44 million, and the state Transportation Department will get the remaining $205 million each year.
If voters reject the extension, the sales tax will expire in 2023. It was approved in a statewide general election in 2012 by a margin of 58 percent to 42 percent.
Minimum salaries for teachers will go up $1,000 a year in each of the next four years, thanks to Act 170. Teachers will benefit mostly in the 168 districts that now pay the minimum or slightly above it. In 67 school districts teachers are already paid more than the state minimum salary.
Act 189 changes how juvenile offenders are sentenced. It's an effort to reduce the number of teens who are sent to secure detention facilities for minor offenses. It also makes sentencing guidelines more uniform across the state.


All applications for Admission Withdrawal including Hostel or Transportation withdrawal shall be submitted in prescribed Format as attached with the policy.
The University has right to cancel the admission of any student, if any student fails to pay the fees by the due date or fails to submit mandatory documents as mentioned in respective Provisional Admission letter, or, the student absents himself/ herself from the University without seeking approval. In such case, refund, if any, shall be governed as per the applicable policy.
The last date for payment of remaining fee for new Admissions shall be as mentioned in the respective Provisional Admission letter.
The fee is calculated and charged annually, but for the convenience of the students, payment is facilitated in two installments except in the final year. In case of refunds, Annual fees (Installment I and Installment II) as mentioned in applicable fee schedule shall be considered.
Students are required to submit a valid UK Domicile certificate (in student's name) at the time of Provisional admission itself to avail the benefit of UK Domicile Scholarship.
Any application/s received after the admission for change of category will not be considered for the UK Domicile scholarship.
a) Registration Fee is non-refundable.
The applicable amount of deduction shall be as per the below table depending upon date of withdrawal of prospective student.
*Above refund policy is effective for Academic Session 2019-2020. In addition to above, Rs 25000/- shall be deducted against Admission/Counselling Fee.
*Notified Last date for Admissions against regular seats is 30th July 2019 for the Admission year 2019-2020.
Annual Fees for above purpose includes Admission/Counselling fee, Annual Tuition fees, Development fees, and Academic Service fees for the Year.
Any scholarship, if granted for admission, will not be considered for calculation of Annual fees.
The dates mentioned in this Policy will apply irrespective of the date of admission.
In case the student reports for the Program and applies for withdrawal subsequently, an additional amount of Rs 10000/- on account of Joining Kit is deducted from refundable amount over and above as mentioned in table above.
In case, deductible amount is more than the amount paid by the student against Annual fees, differential amount will be adjusted from any other amount paid by the student including security.
If the student withdraws before the notified date of commencement of classes/reporting for Hostel, only Rs. 1,000/- will be deducted as processing charges and balance shall be refunded.
If the student withdraws from Hostel after the commencement of classes (irrespective of the date of admission and irrespective of whether the candidate has occupied room or not), the complete Annual hostel fee shall be forfeited. In such cases, only Mess fee & Laundry fee for balance months shall be refunded on pro rata basis. (Fees of Hostel is for 10 months).
If the student has availed hostel facility even for one day in a calendar month, then Mess & Laundry fee for that calendar month shall also be deducted.
Student should give one month prior intimation to vacate the hostel to Chief Warden.
If the student withdraws before the commencement of classes, only Rs. 500/- shall be deducted as processing charges and balance shall be refunded.
If the student withdraws after the commencement of classes, then refund shall be calculated on half yearly basis. No withdrawal is allowed during term and post 30th Nov of the calendar year, in case, Annual Transport fees is paid. (Half yearly fees for Transport Rs 9000/-). Transport Fees is for 10 months.
In case of non-payment of remaining fee by due date, the provisional admission shall stand cancelled.
All students are admitted provisionally till they deposit all prescribed fees, pass certificates as per eligibility criteria, Migration Certificate, other certificates as applicable and mentioned in the provisional admission letter.
Any student who does not comply with any of the above conditions within the stipulated time, the University shall have the right to cancel his/her admission.
While calculating the refund, if there are any dues in any account of the student, the same will be adjusted first and then the balance amount will be refunded to the student.
The late fee rules mentioned on DIT University's website would be applicable from second installment onwards ONLY.
No admission is considered as Auto withdrawal until required formalities are completed as per policy.
The University is not responsible for any delay in transit involved in receipt and delivery of any communication between the University and the applicant.
Those who are given provisional admission in spite of their not having the qualifying examination result must submit the said result (meeting the eligibility criteria) before Sep. 30th 2019, failing which their Provisional admission will stand cancelled and No refund shall be made except for caution money.
No interest is paid on refund of any fees/deposit.
The University reserves the right to modify and amend refunds policies.
All disputes are subject to the legal jurisdiction of Dehradun Courts only.


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text:
Vision of Love (A Center Stage Love Story Act Two)
Kathryn R.
Tabitha Stetson is trying to keep a low profile. Once a member of the Sassy Cats, she now holds one of the biggest secrets of Hollywood and has no idea what to do with her life. She goes to New York for a break and to find some meaning. Henderson Quade wants Tabitha to be part of one of his shows. But what he doesn't expect is to develop strong feelings for Tabitha.
Tempting Forever (Baby on Board series book 2)
Monica is in a pickle. Coming off a fresh break up from Steve, she is Maid of Honor for Crystal, her BFF, and her twin brother, Brent. Chris Farrington is her brother's best man, best friend, and business partner, so when Monica suddenly realizes how incredibly handsome he is, too many levels of bad idea run through her head. However, their connection is undeniable.
Return of the Runaway Bride: Last Chance Beach Romance
If someone hurts you deeply, do you owe them a second chance? Five years ago, Emily Bennet made the impulsive choice to run away from her hometown of Last Chance Beach the night before her wedding. She left behind her heartbroken fiancé, Chase Michaels, without an explanation or a goodbye. Now she has returned from the big city to reconnect with friends and family.
Dreams of Fate
Shoar
Blair Coal, a young teaching assistant, finally wakes up from a coma—only to realize she'd met the man of her dreams while she was asleep. Cue dream man, Tyler Shoan, a firefighter put into a coma after trying to save a civilian. Blair, while still in recovery tries to find Tyler, but his stubborn, skeptical cousin, Regan Stoan, is right there to stand in her way.
Hometown (Hearts of the Ridge Book One)
Rich Stetson
Tessa Meadows is home. Though not for long. Tessa has a plan. She's preparing to move to the Big Apple. As Tessa helps her small town with different events, she comes into contact with two handsome men. An old high school acquaintance, Richard Bruce the handsome single doctor, and Jonas Rishel, a man that is far out of her realm and Amish.


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Photo: Jovvany Villalobos
SLUG Style: Mark Cook of Skiing Fucks
By SLUG Staff
Mark Cook is the founder and owner of Skiing Fucks, a clothing brand that began in 2020 and simultaneously embraces an ethos of being "100% nothing" and standing against elitism and gatekeeping within clothing, sporting and life itself. Check out Skiing Fucks on Instagram @skiing_fucks and their website, skiingfucks.com.
Every month, SLUG Style features a distinct member of the community and asks them why they do what they do. Exploring more than just clothing, SLUG Style is an attempt to feature the people who give Salt Lake City flavor through personality and panache.
SLUG: Introduce us to Skiing Fucks. What is the ethos behind this clothing brand?
Mark Cook: Skiing Fucks started in Salt Lake City as a brand about nothing, hence the "100% nothing" text on the original Skiing Fucks cigarette box graphic. Initially, we just wanted a way to share our excitement and stoke for the upcoming snow season. Yet, since its inception in 2020, Skiing Fucks has gradually evolved into a more meaningful brand. While on the surface, we still fully maintain that we are a brand about nothing, we now represent and stand for a lot more than that.
To fully understand the brand's ethos, it's important for me to explain my core values. I hate rules that don't make sense, gender norms, social norms, elitism, hypocrisy, people who take shit too seriously and straight-up bullshit. This extends into all areas of my life, but I especially believe that anyone should be able to get into a sport and feel accepted, no matter what level they are at.
You know that feeling after skiing your hardest line yet, topping out your bouldering project or somehow making it down that gnarly bike trail you never thought you'd be capable of? I want everyone to feel that—in their own capacity.
In essence, Skiing Fucks is about inclusivity, challenging norms, saying "FUCK YOU" to The System and calling out the hypocrisy pervading our society. BUT, Skiing Fucks is also about forgetting the politics for a moment and just having fun with your friends.
With all of that being said, Skiing Fucks can sort of be whatever you want it to be for YOU. At the end of the day, just try not to take yourself too seriously.
What are your stylistic influences? This could be a band, decade, fictional character—anything.
One of the original roommates, Landon Hale, is a fantastic photographer (among other things). He is very involved in the skate and punk community in SLC, which is apparent in our original Instagram photos that he took. Landon's personality, creativity, and artistic style hugely influences the brand.
The rest of our influence comes primarily from our ethos of not taking ourselves too seriously. For example, when we made the logo, we thought it would be funny to choose a dull and strict font to contrast such a ridiculous phrase as "Skiing Fucks." It is so exciting because people are starting to recognize our branding by the Times New Roman font.
What motivated you to start Skiing Fucks?
As uneventful as it may sound, Skiing Fucks started on a double-decker dirtbag couch with a group of five roommates drinking beer and watching ski movies on YouTube after work. It was never meant to be a business. We just wanted to spread stoke for the upcoming snow season and make people laugh. In the beginning, we had no graphics, no products, no website, just an instagram with some photos that were funny (to us). One of the roommates, Jeff Preble, decided to doodle the iconic American Spirits box (with a few tweaks) and we thought it would look sick on a shirt. We printed a handful and sold them to our friends. Eventually, the snow melted, roommates came and went, and the brand went pretty quiet. It was far from a business at this point.
What motivated me to pick it back up the following winter was running into a stranger wearing our shirt and seeing how much they loved it. That feeling is hard to describe, and I still get it everytime I talk to someone wearing the merch. That is what motivated me then and what still motivates me now.
At that point I became obsessed with making Skiing Fucks successful. Creating a website, filing trademarks, learning about taxes and creating a LLC are pretty tedious tasks that I do not enjoy, but I knew we had something special, and I did not want to miss this opportunity.
I cannot explain how passionate I am about this brand. I have put in over 1000 hours (while working full-time) and my entire savings into it because I believe it's what the outdoor community needs right now.
I have to give a shout-out to the original roommates that were there when the brand was created: Max, Landon, Pawel, and Jeff. Also, to my good friend Andy Redmer, who has been an amazing business mentor to me for years. He is responsible for nourishing and guiding my entrepreneurial spirit. Lastly, I have to thank The Gear Room in SLC for being the first shop to understand the message and sell my products!
What are your interests or hobbies? What is the hobby or interest that you have that no one would realize to ask you about?
When I moved to Utah from Texas, all I really did at the time was workout, play video games and play basketball. I quickly got dragged into the mountains by friends who taught me how to ski, climb and mountain bike. Since then I have also taken up dirt biking, motorcycling and fly fishing.
I have always been a jack of all trades, master of none. I think that is a large contributor to my dislike of elitism, but let's get serious for a moment. The most important thing you should know about me is that I am a PROUD chicken dad. I have five gorgeous ladies and also a duck! This is honestly the most random thing to happen to me, but I've learned so much about raising chickens this year, and they have stolen my heart.
What sorts of apparel does Skiing Fucks carry?
Right now we sell shirts, hats, beanies, hoodies, christmas sweaters, voile straps and dirtbag mugs. Rest assured, there is lots more to come (chalk bags incoming)! Our current products relate to skiing, boarding, biking, climbing and running (which we are also expanding). Check us out on IG and our website, @skiing_fucks and skiingfucks.com. You can also find some of our products at The Gear Room (SLC) and Pando Refitters (Provo).
Are you always "on" or would someone see you at the grocery store, for example, with less elements of your style?
Oh man, ask anyone who knows me well and they will immediately tell you, "Yes, Mark is always this way …"
If you had to describe yourself in three words, what would those be?
Passionate, competitive, protective.
How has your personal style evolved over time?
I was a blank canvas when I first moved to SLC from Texas five years ago. Since then, I've gotten a dozen piercings, a dozen tattoos, painted nails and purple hair. My parents are thrilled… Most importantly, I am the happiest I have ever been, and feel like I finally belong.
What's coming up for you and Skiing Fucks in 2023?
Next year is going to be huge! I have a lot in the works. I am expanding the brand into more sports, teaming up with more retailers, working on high-quality active-wear and accessories, more designs and community events! If only my days were longer…
Photos: Jovvany Villalobos // villalobos.jovvany@gmail.com
Posted in: FashionTagged: Andy Redmer, Landon Hale, Mark Cook, Skiing Fucks, SLUG style
SLUG Style: Shantelle Pace
SLUG Style: Rebecca Springer


5 Brilliant Developing A Strategic Marketing Plan, Horticultural Firms Photos - It's miles surprisingly encouraged that you must pay a visit on your marketing plan as soon as a yr and make modifications as important. You must write your marketing plan looking forward to this growth and changes in mind so that you can measure it. For now, you have to follow enterprise developments to have an concept that you may add in your personal techniques. You may additionally check out occasion advertising plan examples.
Advertising could be very critical in each commercial enterprise entity. Via proper marketing, the entity might be worthwhile and will surely continue its operation for a protracted time frame. Therefore, quite a few groups dedicate their time in growing advertising and marketing strategies and plans with the intention to improve their agency's systems and operation. 9 occasion advertising plan 10 simple advertising and marketing plan.
On your strategic marketing plan, it ought to list the organizational desires and strategies to be carried out via the corporation for the dreams will inform the clarification of assets in manufacturing, advertising, and distribution while the techniques will speak the conversion of goals into realities or the implementation of the plans to make them happen. 2. Marketplace possibilities.
Although advertising is a difficult and complicated method and cannot be really planned and carried out in a quick time frame, strategic market planning may be done for both lengthy-term and short-time period dreams. It considers numerous parameters to plan consistent with the target market and the fashion in the economy. 3 degrees of strategic market planning 1. Segmentation of the market and customers.
A easy swot analysis can actually help you in determining the conditions that you are currently going through even as you market your enterprise. Your strengths are the things that come up with an aspect and advantage over the opposite, while your weaknesses are the matters that you could still improve. The financial system, the generation, your competition, and different outside factors make a contribution to the possibilities and threats that you'll be dealing with. 3. Map your messages.
Every enterprise is striving to be on pinnacle of the competition and be on the highlight for them to be recognized by the public and to advantage greater clients and capacity customers. The control or key employees in a organisation ought to constantly are searching for and perceive opportunities for the organisation to grow and be greater updated with the cutting-edge trend. This is in which strategic market planning is wanted.


Many of us in ministry have been there or are there right now—on the edge of burnout—and we put the blame on our church or ministry. But I have a radically different view. I believe that, for the most part, burnout is a condition of our own personal doing. Yes, there are times when burnout is not our fault, but even then, we have choices.
1. Hard work vs. overwork. Most things done out of balance typically become an unhealthy vice or addiction. I was raised to work hard, so almost every year, I check myself in this area. Overwork is more than hard work; overwork is addiction. Some signs of work addiction are obvious—always checking your phone for missed calls, voicemails, texts or emails. Put your devices down for five or six hours and see if you can stand it.
If you take on extra hours because you prefer to be at work or you're afraid you'll miss something, your work life is likely out of balance. Personally, I have struggled with feeling like I have to be at work in order for tasks to get accomplished. If you feel you are the one who has to do everything in order for the work to get done, that's a red flag. Obviously sometimes you are the one responsible to get things done, but the problem arises when you are always thinking about your phone, email and work and that it's on you to finish things.
2. Excellence vs. perfection. Many people addicted to work think everything needs to be perfect. They aim for excellence but think they must keep striving until their work is perfect. Instead, know that excellence is reflected in your attitude and your ability to do your best, but perfection sees mistakes as problems that ruin everything. Excellence, on the other hand, sees mistakes as ways the team can get better. If you remain frustrated, however, instead of proceeding to problem solving, you may be a perfectionist. Remember, there's a fine line between coaching your team and pushing too hard.
When you start to beat yourself up, you're on your way to burnout. To avoid this, I developed a benchmark, what I call the "audience-noticed mistake," a term I coined because I worked in the live production field. Take a step back, look at the problem from a high level and determine if it derails your program. Ask yourself, "Was this something that derailed the team and was noticed by the audience, or was it a mistake only I noticed that doesn't really matter in the grand scheme of things?" If, for example, we accidentally make the stage lights red instead of blue for an event and the audience didn't notice it, we can simply correct the error for the next event. It's not something that should derail the team during the event.
1. Don't always go to the rescue. Every problem isn't an emergency and doesn't require you to go to work. Understand what a true "emergency" is and how to approach it.
2. Don't forget about margin. During your busy season, you will be very occupied, but in slower seasons, take down time in stride. Set aside one day off a week, maybe more. If you miss that particular day, take a makeup day. Just as with a financial budget, build margin into your schedule. Plan your day and budget your time.
3. Don't stress about overwork. I often hear people say, "My boss asks me to do so much more than I have time to do; therefore, my planning will not work." The solution to this problem is simple. Track your hours, requests and the time it takes to complete your tasks. Show your boss a log of all of your tasks and their completion times. When your log is presented with a positive, solutions-oriented attitude, a good boss will want to help correct the overwork issue.
There will be extreme situations where a job change is necessary, but burnout is often the result of self-reliance. Avoid burnout by creating a good life balance, setting boundaries and planning well and, most importantly, trusting in Jesus, who promised that in Him, we would find rest for our souls (Matt. 11:28-30).
David Leuschner is associate senior director of technology and technical arts at Gateway Church in Dallas-Fort Worth. He directs more than 500 volunteers and staff to facilitate several hundred events a month for Gateway's seven venues. Follow him on Twitter and Instagram (@davidleuschner).


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The Latest: Cross-border tunnel ran more than 400 yards
SAN DIEGO – The Latest on a cross-border tunnel discovered in the Southern California desert city of Calexico:
U.S. authorities say a cross-border tunnel ran the length of four football fields from a restaurant in Mexicali, Mexico, to a house in Calexico, California.
Investigators seized the tunnel Wednesday following an investigation that netted more than a ton of marijuana and resulted in four arrests in California and Arizona.
Prosecutors say drug traffickers finished building the Calexico house in December and began smuggling drugs there last month under law enforcement surveillance.
It is the 12th completed drug tunnel that authorities have found along California's border with Mexico since 2006. In the last five years, authorities detected 75 border tunnels, mostly in California and Arizona and many of them incomplete.
U.S. authorities say they have discovered a secret cross-border tunnel in the California desert.
Authorities scheduled a news conference Wednesday afternoon in a residential area of Calexico, a city of about 40,000 people located 120 miles east of San Diego.
A media advisory from federal authorities says the tunnel links Calexico with the large industrial city of Mexicali, Mexico, but provided no details.
Dozens of tunnels designed to smuggle drugs have been found along the U.S.-Mexico border in recent years. Some have been equipped with hydraulic lifts and electric rail cars.
Mexico's Sinaloa cartel has long controlled drug trafficking along the border in California's Imperial Valley, which offers easy freeway access to Los Angeles and Phoenix.


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Tech layoffs 2023: Spotify to cut 6% of workforce, following Amazon, Microsoft in slashing headcount
Stockholm — Spotify announced Monday that it will cut 6% of its workforce to cut costs and join tech companies including: Amazon When microsoft Due to the global economic slowdown, we are significantly reducing our workforce.
In a letter to employees posted on the company's website, CEO Daniel Ek took full responsibility for the job cuts, saying it was "difficult but necessary".
"Like many other leaders, I want to maintain a strong tailwind from the pandemic and believe our low risk to the impact of a slowdown in our broader global business and advertising will isolate us. "In hindsight, I think it was our revenue growth."
The Stockholm-headquartered music streaming business had about 9,800 employees worldwide as of September 30, according to earnings reports.
The company's shares, which have nearly halved over the past 12 months, are up more than 4% in pre-market trading in New York. Spotify's stock is up 24% year-to-date, according to Refinitiv data.
Over the past few months, major tech companies have quickly reversed pandemic hiring, adding thousands of workers to meet surging demand from homes and businesses for services such as online shopping and video conferencing. I was allowed to.
The same company recently cut staff significantly as inflation weighed on consumer spending and rising interest rates weighed on funding. Demand for digital services during the pandemic has also waned as people return to living offline.
In the past three months, Meta, the parent company of Amazon, Google, Microsoft and Facebook, has announced plans to cut more than 50,000 employees from its overall ranks. CNN reported.
'Unsustainable'
For the most part, recent job cuts represent only a relatively small percentage of each company's overall headcount, essentially erasing last year's increases at some companies, leaving huge workforces.
Spotify's decision to cut about 590 jobs is part of a broader organizational restructuring to improve efficiency and "make decisions faster," Ek said. As part of the change, engineering and production work will be centralized. Chief Content Officer Dawn Ostroff has also decided to leave the company, Ek said.
Spotify reported a loss of $228 million ($248 million) in the most recent fiscal quarter ended September 30, with operating expenses up 65%, according to a company presentation to investors.
In 2022, operating expenses will grow at twice the rate of the company's revenue, Ek said.
"It would have been unsustainable in the long run in any climate, but in a challenging macro environment, closing the gap will be even more difficult," he told employees in a letter Monday. As such, we've made considerable efforts over the last few months to keep costs down, but it just wasn't enough."
Claire Duffy contributed to this report.
The-CNN-Wire & 2023 Cable News Network, Inc., a Time Warner Company. All rights reserved.
Tags: Amazon, cut, headcount, Layoffs, microsoft, Slashing, Spotify, tech, workforce
Carrier-locked Galaxy A13 LTE is now getting Android 13 in the USA
Suspect in 2 convenience store robberies identified: Mobile Police


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Sitzung steht für:
 eine beratende Zusammenkunft, siehe Besprechung
 Gerichtsverhandlung
 Sitzung (Informatik), die stehende Verbindung eines Clients mit einem Server
 Karnevalssitzung

Siehe auch:
 Konstituierende Sitzung
 Session

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


HARLOW ROBINSON is an author, lecturer and Matthews Distinguished University Professor in the departments of History and Modern Languages at Northeastern University. His books include Russians in Hollywood, Hollywood's Russians (2007, Univ. Press of New England), Sergei Prokofiev: A Biography (five editions, including Spanish-language), The Last Impresario: The Life, Times and Legacy of Sol Hurok (Viking/Penguin paperback), and Selected Letters of Sergei Prokofiev (Northeastern Univ. Press).
His articles, essays and reviews have appeared in numerous anthologies, and in The New York Times, Los Angeles Times, Opera News, Musical Quarterly, Opera Quarterly, Dance, Christian Science Monitor, Symphony Magazine, Stagebill and other popular and scholarly publications. He has written program essays for The Boston Symphony, Metropolitan Opera, Philadelphia Orchestra, New York Philharmonic, Rotterdam Philharmonic, Chicago Lyric Opera, San Francisco Symphony and Lincoln Center, and liner notes for recordings released by Sony, Elektra/Nonesuch, Philips, BMG, Dorian and Bridge.
Mr.Robinson has lectured for The Boston Symphony, New York Philharmonic, Lincoln Center, Metropolitan Opera Guild, Philadelphia Orchestra, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Guggenheim Museum, Los Angeles Music Center Opera, San Francisco Symphony, Seattle Opera, Colorado Symphony Orchestra and many other institutions, and has worked as a programming consultant at Lincoln Center and the New York Philharmonic.
He has also worked as a writer and commentator for PBS television, National Public Radio, Canadian Broadcasting Corporation and the Texaco-Metropolitan Opera International Radio Network. A former pianist and singer, Mr.Robinson has made more than 25 trips to Russia and the former USSR since 1970, and received two Fulbright Grants for research in Russia. He earned his B.A. Phi Beta Kappa from Yale University, and Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley.
Now in Bookstores From the beginning of the silent film era in Hollywood to the newest James Bond film, this is the story of Russian émigrés in Hollywood and the depiction of Russians in Hollywood films.