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IDPs call for changes in relief operations in Idlib
Displaced children from Hama countryside in Abu al-Walid camp in the southern Idlib countryside, November 5, 2018 (Enab Baladi)
نازحون يطالبون بتغيير نمط إغاثتهم في إدلب
Hama countryside – Iyad Abd al-Jawad | Displacement, camps and food baskets… These three words summarize the suffering of Hama countryside people, who were forced to move to the camps of Idlib countryside, sleep outdoors and stay in camps. They were hoping to return to their homes, from which they were displaced after the Syrian regime forces' shelling of cities and towns of Hama countryside since the beginning of this year.
Relief organizations rushed to help displaced people through food baskets, awaiting progress in the field-level, but the escalation of shelling and ongoing displacement prolonged reliance on the aid fund every month.
The northern countryside of Hama and southern Idlib witnessed bombardment and military campaigns by the Syrian regime and its ally Russia that have increased since April 26, leading to the displacement of about one million people sporadically.
On November 18, according to the statistics of the "Response Coordinators," more than 42,000 people have been displaced from the region since the announcement of a "truce" that has been under continuing breaches since the beginning of last October.
"I sell the food basket and buy what I need"
The reality of the current relief support has created a state of discontent among some of the displaced people, while the organizations do not support them with small projects that would spare them waiting for the distribution of food baskets.
Intisar al-Qasim, a displaced woman from Qaber Fidda village in al-Ghab Plain of Hama countryside, said: "My situation is very difficult. In order to get what I really need, I have to sell the food basket I receive."
In an interview with Enab Baladi, Intissar insisted that she hopes the nature of support will change towards the establishment of small projects or workshops, such as sewing, "which may be enough for the poor displaced families to provide for their livelihood".
Yusuf al-Hussein, another displaced in Idlib countryside, hopes to continue his basic job. He had a men's barber shop in al-Kareem village, al-Ghab Plain, but the targeting of Hama countryside forced him to flee to a camp near the Turkish border, "fearing his children would be harmed."
"I used to get a suitable income from my job, enabling me to ensure my family's needs. But I'm still receiving a food basket and I couldn't open a Barber shop that would replace my food basket," added Yusuf in an interview with Enab Baladi.
Priority for relief
In an interview with Enab Baladi, Iyad al-Naasan, the director of the humanitarian organization 'Ataa' relief in Hama countryside said that since the beginning of the war in Syria, relief work for the displaced people has started. "Relief took precedence in securing material and moral support for large numbers of displaced people," he insisted.
Commenting on the reasons behind the non-diversion of relief projects into large-scale support for small projects, al-Naasan explained that "relief work does not need long-term stability. But livelihood projects need a stable environment to ensure the non-recurrence of people's displacement, and great efforts that many of the currently working organizations lack. So, these projects target residents more."
"As part of our organization's previous and future plans, we have implemented a lot of livelihood projects, and funded productive families able to secure their livelihood. We also conducted training workshops in the professions of blacksmithing, carpentry, hairdressing, car mechanics and others, taking into account the desire of the beneficiary and the available opportunities," according to al-Naasan.
Obstacles in supporting small projects
Iyad al-Naasan pointed out that despite their importance, livelihood projects are still few. The support provided has not yet been enough, as a result of the growing number of needy people and arrivals in the opposition-controlled Syrian north, which puts great pressure beyond the means.
He also blames organizations that have not coordinated with each other, causing poor response, imprecise estimate of the right timing of campaigns, and distributing the abilities by organization.
Hassan Hanan, head of the Local Council in al-Enkawi town in Hama countryside, said displacement is the only obstacle to supporting small projects.
He asserted in an interview with Enab Baladi that all the farmers of his town have benefited from a farming project at least once, "but people's displacement to the camps in the north and providing them with employment opportunities have become the responsibility of camp managers rather than local councils."
However, according to Hanan, the local council continues to address organizations to support people with small livestock projects, given that they are familiar with livestock raising or various professions.
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HomeSportsMary Kom-led Oversight Committee to run WFI
Mary Kom-led Oversight Committee to run WFI
Boxing legend MC Mary Kom will head a five-member Oversight Committee that will run the Wrestling Federation of India (WFI) and also probe into the allegations of 'sexual misconduct, financial irregularities and misgovernance' levelled by India's top wrestlers, including Olympic and World Championships medallists, against the federation chief Brij Bhushan Sharan Singh, other officials and some coaches at the national camp.
The other members of the committee are London Olympics bronze medallist Yogeshwar Dutt, former badminton player Trupti Murgunde, a member of SAI's Mission Olympic cell, and former SAI administrators Radhica Sreeman, and Cdr Rajesh Rajagopalan.
Announcing the names of the committee members in Jabalpur, Sports Minister Anurag Thakur said the committee has been given one month's time to complete its probe and till that time WFI chief Brij Bhushan Sharan Singh will stay away from the day-to-day functioning of the wrestling body.
"The committee will look into the serious allegations levelled against WFI. It will listen to both sides and complete its probe in one month and submit a report. Till the probe is completed, the Committee will also be in charge of the functioning of the WFI," Thakur said.
This will be the second committee that will investigate the grave allegations levelled by India's top wrestlers against their own federation and its chief. The Indian Olympic Association has also named a seven-member internal committee to probe into the charges of sexual harassment against Singh. Mary Kom, who is a chairperson of IOA's Athletes Commission, will head that panel as well and Dutt too is part of it.
Olympic medallists Bajrang Punia, Sakshi Malik, Ravi Dahiya along with world championship-medallists Vinesh Phogat and Deepak Punia led an unprecedented three-day protest at the Jantar Mantar, demanding the immediate resignation of Singh and dissolution of the WFI. The wrestlers called off their protest on Saturday after getting assurances from sports minister Thakur that there will be a thorough investigation.
After suspending all activities of WFI on Saturday, the Sports Ministry instructed the WFI executive committee on Monday to abstain with immediate effect — as an interim measure — from administering and managing the day-to-day activities of the federation until further orders.
Calling it an "unprecedented situation which calls for immediate measures", the Sports Ministry in its notification said action was initiated against WFI under the National Sports Development Code and in compliance with the guidelines of International Olympic Commitee's policy on safeguarding athletes from harassment and abuse in sports and the principles of Prevention of Sexual Harassment at the workplace Act, 2013.
Taking a serious view of the entire situation as the matter pertains to the "well-being of the athletes", the Ministry directed the WFI to explain and furnish a reply to the allegations within 72 hours.
The WFI in its reply to the Ministry had dismissed all the charges of wrestlers, calling it a conspiracy to "malign and defame" Singh and the coaches. "No adverse action is called for against the federation in terms of the provisions of the National Sports Development Code of India," it said in its eight-page reply.
The Ministry, however, on Monday said it was of the "considered view the WFI has not discharged its duties with respect to redressal of players' grievances and conduct of the business of the federation in a professional manner." Meanwhile, Singh scotched speculation that he was taking a legal route.
Not moving court: Singh
"No petition has been submitted by me or any authorized person associated with me against the Delhi government, the protesting wrestlers and the news channels. I have not authorised any advocate, law agency or representative to present the petition in any court of law," tweeted the BJP MP from Uttar Pradesh.
The Oversight Committee is expected to take charge of the WFI on Tuesday. As a first step, it will also look to clear the Indian team for the Zagreb Open Ranking series in Croatia from February 1. All the top wrestlers from Bajrang, Ravi Dahiya, Vinesh, Deepak Punia — who were part of the protests — are part of the team. However, it has been learned that the team will get a green signal only after clearance from the Oversight Committe
Brij Bhushan Sharan Singh
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


THE police are informing the Immigration Department (ImmD) about Filipino domestic workers caught gambling illegally in Hong Kong, according to a Filipino migrant leader.
Shiella Grace Estrada, Hong Kong Federation of Asian Domestic Workers Unions (FADWU) secretary, said Immigration had also become "stricter" on this issue and her group had received reports of many visa applications from domestic workers being rejected.
"When you are arrested by the police, they get your Hong Kong ID card and they call Immigration. Many visa applications are now being rejected," Estrada said in an interview on October 9.
"Even if it's just the first or second (illegal gambling) offense and the case is not brought to court because no money was recovered, it's still forwarded (to Immigration). They're now stricter," she added.
The Hong Kong Police earlier sent a letter to FADWU warning against Filipino domestic workers gambling illegally in Central.
"I was curious because they only sent it to a Filipino union (of FDHs). They did not send any to Indonesian or Thai groups," Estrada said.
"The police officers told us that it's because they see many Filipino domestic workers involved in illegal gambling," she added.
Estrada said the Hong Kong Police thanked FADWU for its campaign to raise awareness among FDHs about the dangers of illegal gambling.
"And they say that Immigration is now stricter and we should be aware. It's a shame that we are getting known for this," she said.
The Hong Kong Police said it will continue to monitor illegal gambling activities "for enforcement" after receiving complaints of Filipino domestic workers gambling in Hong Kong's Central business district.
In a statement, the police said it will spare no effort to go after those who violate Hong Kong's Gambling Ordinance.
"Police have spared no effort in combating illegal gambling activities and have been monitoring such illegal activities for enforcement," the statement read.
"Police have strategies in place and the flexibility to adjust the operation and deployment depending on the situation," it added.
It said the Central Police District would take into the account the local situation in their jurisdiction, which includes areas where Filipino domestic workers stay during their day off on Sundays.
"Taking into account local situations, Central Police District correspondingly adopts strategies and takes enforcement actions to prevent and combat illegal gambling," it said.
"Police also step up public education and cooperate with other departments and stakeholders when necessary to combat related crimes," it added.
In July, the head of the Central Police District's Special Duties Squad wrote FADWU and warned about Filipino domestic workers gambling in four areas in Central. Saying they had received "complaints," the police warned Filipino domestic workers against gambling illegally in public places.
The police said they received complaints that domestic workers were gambling in Chater Garden, Lambeth Walk Garden (the garden beside Chater Garden going to Admiralty), near Murray Road Multi-Storey Carpark Building, and under the footbridge connecting Murray Road and Chater Road (the footbridge beside Chater Garden).
"The Police have received a number of complaints against Filipino domestic helpers suspected of participating in unlawful gambling activities (at these) locations in Central District," the police official said.
The officer noted that "no matter the gambling amount," gambling in a place that is not a gambling establishment in Hong Kong is a violation of the city's Gambling Ordinance.
"Any person who contravenes the aforementioned commits an offense and is liable to prosecution and a maximum penalty of $5,000,000 and up to seven years imprisonment," the officer said.
Under the Hong Kong's Gambling Ordinance, it is unlawful to gamble in the streets and gambling establishments should be licensed. Card games, chess, or other games could be played but there should be no money or other bets involved.


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Keyword Analysis & Research: kohl's
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Does Kohl's offer ship to store?
When Kohl's customers shop on Kohls.com, they now have the option to ship their online purchase to their local Kohl's store for even greater convenience. If an item is available for Buy Online, Ship to Store, it will appear as an option during online checkout.
Are Kohl stores open for shopping?
Most Kohl's stores will be open from10 a.m. to 10 p.m. Kohl's store pickup orders must be placed at least two hours before closing time. Lowe's will be open for regular hours from 6 a.m. until 10 p.m. Macy's will be open during its regular Monday hours, which are 11 a.m. until 8 p.m. Curbside pickup closes two hours early.
Are Kohl's stores closing?
These are the Kohl's stores that are closing: Kohl's Rego Park Center, Rego Park, New York Kohl's Valley Stream, Green Acres Mall, New York Kohl's Lenexa, Kansas (across from Oak Park Mall) Kohl's Houma, Houma Crossing Mall, Louisiana
What careers does Kohls have?
Kohl's Careers. The stores are dynamic places to work in. There are many career paths one can choose from to learn and further develop skills. Career possibilities in the company include retail (store positions), logistics and management.
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I wish I could adequately describe the feeling of mentoring at an event like Lean Startup Machine, Startup Weekend or the TechGirlz Entrepreneur Summer Camp. It is exhilarating, inspirational, motivating and exhausting all rolled into one and so much more. At the end of these weekends I am physically exhausted and mentally charged up. Sleep does not come easy, not only because of the long hours, but because the dedicated men and women who attend, run, mentor and speak at these events instill a sense of wonder, inquisitiveness and focus that makes it difficult to quiet my mind.
Being a part of these events is such an amazing experience! Every woman and man who attends comes with such passion and dedication. They immerse themselves into the experience, often hoping to just come out of it better at what they do and to learn something, to meet others who are as passionate about finding ways to run and grow better businesses, be better leaders and build stronger communities. They inspire me and motivate me Every Single Time. Watching them work through the process and learn, seeing the lightbulb moments, watching them turn "failures" and disappointments into learning opportunities to make the next iteration better and more efficient — how much more can you ask for in the way of motivation?
What do you do with your motivation?


Start cleaning your debit and credit cards! Because they're constantly being touched by cashiers, and shoved into card readers and ATMs… picking up tons of germs along the way. So, what's the best way to clean your credit cards? Grab some disinfecting wipes, clean them thoroughly – then let them dry completely before putting them back into your wallet.


great resource they want to share with you!
A New Beginning wants to say thank you for your support by providing you with a FREE copy of the latest book by Greg Laurie, "Jesus Revolution: How God Transformed an Unlikely Generation and How He Can Do It Again Today."
God has always been interested in turning unlikely people into his most fervent followers. Prostitutes and pagans, tax collectors and tricksters. The more unlikely, the more it seemed to please God and to demonstrate his power, might, and mercy. America in the 1960s and 1970s was full of unlikely people–men and women who had rejected the stuffy religion of their parents' generation, who didn't follow the rules, didn't fit in. The perfect setting for the greatest spiritual awakening of the 20th century. With passion and purpose, Greg Laurie and Ellen Vaughn tell the amazing true story of the Jesus Movement, an extraordinary time of mass revival, renewal, and reconciliation.


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Property Markets | Manufacturing / Industrial
Manufacturing in America: Bigger, Better and Bolder
American manufacturing is on the upswing, with advances in innovation and productivity buoyed by decreased energy and transportation costs, and new efforts to increase work force skills.
Mark Crawford, Staff Editor, Area Development
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In 2012 U.S. manufacturers contributed $1.87 trillion to the national economy, or about 12 percent of the country's GDP. According to the Institute for Supply Management's (ISM) December 2013 semiannual economic forecast, the manufacturing sector is optimistic about growth in 2014. Capital expenditures are expected to increase by 8 percent and hiring by 2.4 percent — key indicators of manufacturer confidence. There have been other positive signs:
Manufacturing grew in December 2013 at the second-fastest pace in more than two years.
ISM's factory index averaged 51.5 in the first six months of 2013 and 56.3 in the second six months (values over 50 indicate an expansion).
ISM's inventory index decreased to the lowest level since July 2013.
Consumer confidence is the highest it has been in six years.
Europe's economy is emerging from its long recession
Currently, American manufacturers employ about 12 million people. Over the past three years, more than 554,000 manufacturing jobs have been added, even as these companies become leaner, more productive, and more competitive. "Three big reasons for this transformation are the recession, lower energy costs driven largely by natural gas, and rising labor costs in China," comments Mitchell Higashi, chief economist for GE Healthcare in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. "ISM data show the manufacturing sector closed out 2013 with seven straight months of expansion." While factors like wage rates and foreign exchange rates can change over time, high-paying manufacturing jobs tend to follow a skilled, creative work force. Our success in Asheville is a great example of how innovation, supported by strong teaching institutions and local governments, can translate into good-paying manufacturing jobs. Mitchell Higashi, chief economist for GE Healthcare in Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Manufacturing purchasing and supply executives also expect to see continued growth. "They are optimistic about their overall business prospects for 2014," says Bradley Holcomb, chair of the ISM Manufacturing Business Survey Committee. "Our forecast calls for a continuation of growth in 2014, building on the momentum from the second half of 2013. Respondents also expect raw materials pricing pressures in 2014 to be low and their margins to improve."
A Welcome Reversal
"Reshoring" is a real phenomenon — U.S. companies are coming back from low-cost countries and hiring American workers. According to figures provided by the Reshoring Initiative, from 2003 to 2013 offshoring jobs dropped by 70 percent, whereas new reshoring jobs grew by +1,500 percent!
"About 150 companies became reshorers in 2013," says Harry Moser, founder of the Reshoring Initiative. "Since January 2010 about 100,000 U.S. jobs have been created by companies that brought their operations back to this country."
"The U.S. lost manufacturing jobs over the last two decades due to globalization," says Kurt Bauer, president of Wisconsin Manufacturers & Commerce in Madison. "Emerging economies in Asia had cheaper labor and fewer regulations, which made offshore production a necessity to stay competitive. However, labor costs are now rising in nations like China."
Other key factors bringing back U.S. production are abundant and lower-cost energy, lower transportation costs, and better protection against counterfeiting, piracy, and theft of trade secrets.
John H. Boyd, principal with the Boyd Company, a site selection firm in Princeton, N.J., predicts a significant number of production, final assembly, and quality control jobs will return to the U.S. over the next decade, driven also by "the expanded compliance arenas coming under review by government agencies like the FDA and FAA for new interactive, wireless technologies, including the high-growth, med-tech IT sector." U.S. manufacturers coming out of the Great Recession had become very lean and efficient, which resulted in higher productivity...Even though manufacturers have used automation to be competitive, they still need skilled and motivated people. Kurt Bauer, president of Wisconsin Manufacturers & Commerce
"Quality concerns are a big reason higher-value and more technical products are looking to come back to the U.S. or nearby in Mexico," agrees Larry Gigerich, managing director for Ginovus, a location consulting firm based in Indianapolis. "The lack of intellectual property protection in some locations has become a large problem. There is also more momentum for reshoring in the areas of customer care/technical support and financial services."
An overall improving business climate in the U.S. — especially regarding positive labor-management relations — is also a big motivator. "Right-to-work states will have a competitive advantage for many of these reshoring projects," adds Boyd. "Indiana and Michigan's historic move to right-to-work status represents a telling adjustment to this well-established trend."
Tightening the Supply Chain
The supply chain has everything to do with the profitability of manufacturing operations. It allows a company to be lean and efficient, which translates into better productivity and competitiveness. Better control of their supply chains is another big reason companies are coming back to the U.S.
"Supply chain management includes sourcing, operations/manufacturing, inventory management, logistics, and customer service," indicates Douglas Fisher, director of the Center for Supply Chain Management at Marquette University in Milwaukee. "Companies are returning to the U.S. because they are tired of dealing with long, inflexible supply chains. For example, it might take months when sourcing from China. Related realities include dealing with large inventories, slow response times to market changes, and more severe impacts from disruptions like port strikes or natural disasters."
Companies are also streamlining their supply chains, cutting out vendors that don't deliver their absolutely best effort, every time. "Companies that survived the Great Recession have a much shorter tolerance for mistakes or inconsistent performance," says Drew Greenblatt, president of Marlin Steel Wire Products in Baltimore, Maryland. "Companies also don't want to tie up cash or space for inventory. Therefore, supply chain partners must be more efficient and flexible in the services they provide."
ISM indicates that supply chain managers in 2014 will be focusing on improvements such as strategic sourcing/supply base rationalization, process and information systems, supplier relationship management, inventory management and control, and improved cross-functional planning.
With shipping representing the single-largest cost factor in the supply chain, and rising fuel and trucking costs a big concern, Boyd suggests that manufacturers should consider "locating production facilities as close to intermodal rail ramps as possible, thus providing opportunities to reduce dependence on over-the-road transport and achieve a greater utilization of lower-cost rail."
San Antonio, El Paso, Atlanta, Charlotte, Indianapolis, Mobile, Oklahoma City, Louisville, Memphis, and Nashville are among those locations enjoying a manufacturing surge, according to Gigerich. "Business climate, location, economic development incentives, infrastructure, and human capital quality/costs are all driving growth in these areas," he adds.
Boeing's decision to manufacture the 777X in the Puget Sound has made the state of Washington a key location for U.S. composite manufacturing. BMW is already producing composite parts for its new generation of more fuel-efficient vehicles in Moses Lake. "The use of lightweight, strong composites is also rapidly expanding into other manufacturing sectors like motor vehicles, appliances, consumer electronics, and recreational products," says Boyd. Quality concerns are a big reason higher-value and more technical products are looking to come back to the U.S. or nearby in Mexico...The lack of intellectual property protection in some locations has become a large problem. Larry Gigerich, managing director for Ginovus
Industries that consume natural gas as a feedstock or energy source — especially chemicals and plastics manufacturers — are locating in states like Pennsylvania, Ohio, and West Virginia where hydraulic fracturing has generated vast natural gas supplies. For example, because of the inexpensive supply of regionally produced natural gas around Pittsburgh, this manufacturing city is experiencing a surge in chemical production. "Low-cost energy supplies coming on stream in states like Pennsylvania are enabling states in the Northeast to effectively compete with energy-rich Gulf Coast states like Louisiana for new chemical and plastics industry investment," says Boyd.
Aerospace manufacturing is also looking good, thanks to the FAA's NextGen and UAV (drone) programs — both multibillion-dollar programs. NextGen will convert the country's air-traffic control system from radar-based to satellite-based. For the UAV program, the FAA recently awarded special test-site status to Alaska, Nevada, North Dakota, Texas, New York, and Virginia. Boyd indicates that Florida, Arizona, Alabama, and New Mexico are also well positioned to attract new drone investment, especially in the electronics, avionics, and metal products sectors.
Manufacturing companies made significant capital investments during the recession to lower operating costs and prepare for the economic recovery. "Many companies invested in automation to increase operational efficiency," says Gigerich. "This allowed them to be more productive, while lowering or maintaining headcount."
Greenblatt indicates that Marlin Steel Wire Products recently invested $3.5 million in new equipment and robotic technology. "Robots make better-quality parts," he says. "The robots are inside the cage, doing the nasty, carpal-tunnel work. This allows our employees to do safer, more challenging work."
Robots and automation can therefore provide critical relief to workers, who were often pushed to the limit during the Great Recession. By improving the comfort and safety of the workplace, companies can retain their most skilled and creative employees. This is a huge concern, considering the fact that the lack of qualified workers, i.e., the "skills gap," is the greatest threat to U.S. manufacturing today.
"U.S. manufacturers coming out of the Great Recession had become very lean and efficient, which resulted in higher productivity," says Bauer of Wisconsin Manufacturers & Commerce. "Even though manufacturers have used automation to be competitive, they still need skilled and motivated people." ISM data show the manufacturing sector closed out 2013 with seven straight months of expansion..Three big reasons for this transformation are the recession, lower energy costs driven largely by natural gas, and rising labor costs in China. Mitchell Higashi, chief economist for GE Healthcare in Milwaukee, Wisconsin
According to research from the Society of Human Resource Management, most manufacturers are hiring, but 67 percent of those companies looking for full-time employees can't find individuals with the skills they need. "Research conducted by the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) seconds this reality," states Adam Beckerman, partner in charge of the Manufacturing and Distribution Group for Habif, Arogeti and Wynne in Atlanta. "NAM discovered that 600,000 jobs go unfilled in the industry because of a lack of necessary skills, despite the country's current unemployment rate."
The skills gap isn't expected to close any time soon, Beckerman points out. NAM's research indicated that 56 percent of respondents expect the shortage to grow even worse in the next three to five years. "To turn this trend around, states and communities need to rally behind vocational schools and encourage students to look into trade skills," advises Beckerman.
In Pennsylvania, for example, Governor Tom Corbett established the Pennsylvania Targeted Industry Program to provide financial aid grants to meet work force needs. So far, grants have been given to over 1,200 students enrolled in certification programs in high-demand industries such as energy, advanced materials, diversified manufacturing, and agriculture and food production. The state has also partnered with the Manufacturers Resource Center, a nationally recognized leader in manufacturing assistance, to launch a "Skill Up" initiative to help change the image of manufacturing and encourage careers in modern manufacturing.
To maintain global competitiveness as a manufacturer, Higashi recommends finding new and innovative ways to generate productivity and efficiency, as well as investing when opportunity arises. For example, GE Aviation recently broke ground on a new 170,000-square-foot facility in Asheville, N.C., that will be the first in the world to mass-produce engine components made of advanced ceramic-matrix composite materials. Because this is the first time these components are being mass-produced anywhere in the world, an advanced training program was developed in partnership with Asheville-Buncombe Technical Community College (ABTCC).
Developing a talented work force is critical for any expansion into a new market. "Competency always trumps cost," says Higashi. "While factors like wage rates and foreign exchange rates can change over time, high-paying manufacturing jobs tend to follow a skilled, creative work force. Our success in Asheville is a great example of how innovation, supported by strong teaching institutions and local governments, can translate into good-paying manufacturing jobs."
Mark Crawford is a full-time freelance writer in Madison, Wisconsin, who specializes in business writing. He is also the author of five books.
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Q: Auto-vectorization in visual studio 2012 on vectors of Eigen type is not performing well I have std::vector of Eigen::vector3d types and when i am compiling this code using Microsoft Visual Studio 2012 having the /Qvec-report:2 flag on for reporting vectorization details. It's showing Loop not vectorized due to reason 1304 (Loop contains assignments that are of different types) as specified on the msdn page -https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj658585.aspx
My code is as below:
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <time.h>
#include<Eigen/StdVector>
int main(char *argv[], int argc)
{
    int tempSize=100;
/** I am aligning these vectors as specfied on http://eigen.tuxfamily.org/dox/group__TopicStlContainers.html */
    std::vector<Eigen::Vector3d,Eigen::aligned_allocator<Eigen::Vector3d>> eiVec(tempSize);
    std::vector<Eigen::Vector3d,Eigen::aligned_allocator<Eigen::Vector3d>> eiVec1(tempSize);
    std::vector<Eigen::Vector3d,Eigen::aligned_allocator<Eigen::Vector3d>> eiVec2(tempSize);

    for(int i=0;i<100;i++)
    {
        eiVec1[i] = Eigen::Vector3d::Zero();
        eiVec2[i] = Eigen::Vector3d::Zero();
    }

    Eigen::Vector3d *eV = &eiVec.front();
    const Eigen::Vector3d *eV1 = &eiVec1.front();
    const Eigen::Vector3d *eV2 = &eiVec2.front();

/** Below loop is not vectorized due to code 1304  */
    for(int i=0;i<100;i++)
    {
        eV[i] = eV1[i] - eV2[i];
    }
    return 0;
}

So i am not able to understand that how to tell compiler, this is the fixed size data and fixed size assignment will happen here.

A: From the Eigen documentation

In Eigen, arithmetic operators such as operator+ don't perform any computation by themselves, they just return an "expression object" describing the computation to be performed. The actual computation happens later, when the whole expression is evaluated, typically in operator=

So eV1[i] - eV2[i] is not returning an Eigen::Vector3d - so reason 1304 applies.  You might be able to cast it - but I wouldn't bet on it.

A: Consider changeing eiVec1 and eiVec12 to a matrix<double, 3, 100> and doing the subtraction as eiVec = eiVec1 - eiVec2

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Epidemiological, clinical features and susceptibility pattern of shigellosis in the buea health district, Cameroon
Anna L Njunda1,
Jules CN Assob2,
Dickson S Nsagha3,
Henri LF Kamga1,
Maghah P Awafong1 &
Elroy P Weledji4
Shigellosis is an acute invasive enteric infection caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Shigella; it is clinically manifested by bloody diarrhoea. Shigellosis is endemic in many developing countries including Cameroon and also occurs in epidemics causing considerable morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated the epidemiological and clinical features of Shigella and the resistance pattern of isolates to commonly used antibiotics in the Buea Health District in Cameroon, from April to August, 2010.
Of the 223 stool samples cultured, 10 (4.5%) yielded Shigella species. Isolation rate was observed to be more in children below 15 years (7.89%), and also higher in rural areas (6.35%). All 10 isolates showed resistance to at least two antibiotics and 9 (90%) were multi-drug resistant. The highest resistance rates were encountered with cotrimoxazole (90%) and amoxicillin (80%). Least resistance was observed with azithromycin (10%).
Shigellosis is more prevalent in children below 15 years in the Buea District. There is a high level of resistance to most of the antibiotics used for the treatment of shigellosis including extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) as well as evidence of resistance to quinolones. Azithromycin was found to be the drug of choice for shigellosis in this setting.
Shigellosis (bacillary dysentery) is a global health problem, especially in developing countries, where substandard hygienic conditions and unsafe water supplies prevail [1]. Among the bacterial causes of dysentery, Shigella species continue to be the most important, with a high infectivity rate and the development of antimicrobial resistance. Shigellosis is said to be a self-limiting disease, although antimicrobial therapy is recommended [2]. Since 1940, when resistance of Shigella species to sulfonamide was first recognized in Japan [3], resistance of Shigella species have become progressively recorded to most widely-used antimicrobial agents [4]. Multiple-drug resistance transmitted plasmids among Shigella species have been reported in many countries [5]. So far, limited reports exist on the occurrence and antibiotic resistance patterns of Shigella species in Buea in particular and in Cameroon in general. The purpose of the present study was to determine the epidemiologic profiles of Shigella and their antimicrobial resistance patterns in the Buea Health District, in the South West Region of Cameroon.
Of the 223 stool specimens cultured for Shigella species, 10 were tested positive with a prevalence of 4.5%. Findings from other authors [6–8] indicate slightly higher prevalence rates of 8.0%, 7.4% and 7.3% respectively, than what is obtained in this study.
The majority of Shigella isolates were from the paediatric population (children < 15 years) with an infection rate of 7.89% while no infection was recorded with individuals aged > 45 years. In line with our findings, a higher prevalence of infection in children was observed in a previous work [9], in which 70% of all infections occurred in children below 15 years. It was also noted that children of this age group accounted for more than a third of all Shigella positive patients [8]. Scientific findings have revealed that type-specific immunity develops after repeated exposures during childhood [10]. Diarrhoea account for about 16% of all causes of mortality in children [11], because they are at an immature age, and they are in frequent exposure to contaminated environment due to play-related activities and are not being drilled on the importance of hand-washing after defecation and before eating.
Considering the source of water of these participants, it was noted that most participants 181 (81.17%) used pipe-borne water, while 38(17.04%) used springs and 4(1.79%) fetched from the river. Of the 10 isolates, 7(70%) occurred in patients whose drinking water was obtained from springs and 3 (30%) of patients who consume pipe-borne water with no significance (p > 0.05). Abdominal pain, fever and diarrhoea were the most common clinical symptoms. Out of the 60 (26.91%) patients that presented with diarrhoea and 9 (4.0%) with dysentery, 2(3.33%) and 2 (22.22%) respectively, yielded Shigella species. There was a significant difference between dysentery and infection (p < 0.05) while it was not the case with the other clinical conditions (p > 0.05). Of the ten positive isolates, 3(30%) were from formed and semi formed stool samples each while 2(20%) were from mucous and bloody mucous stool, each. Analyses of disease occurrence for shigellosis have faced difficulties, diagnosis especially at the clinical levels, are often missed because many cases are asymptomatic or present with atypical features such as watery diarrhoea and fever. Bloody diarrhoea has been the major clinical presentation associated to shigellosis [12]; nonetheless there exists other presentations which range from asymptomatic carriage, to mild watery diarrhoea, to overt dysentery characterized by frequent, but small volume, loose stools, consisting largely of blood and mucus [13]. It was observed in this study that although bloody diarrhoeas accounted for 22.22% of the infections; watery (11.76%), formed (2.4%) as well as semi-formed (5.56%) stools also yielded Shigella. Isolation of Shigella from formed and semi-formed stools is an indication that the patients were in the period of convalescence though still harboring the germ. Responses to questions administered to medical doctors revealed that, in the treatment of bloody diarrhoeas, stool cultures and antibiotic susceptibility testing were hardly ever requested due to lack of appropriate facilities in these treatment centers thus favoring the tendency of prescribing antibiotics on the basis of clinical diagnosis alone. Implying that diagnosis on the bases of clinical symptoms alone could be misleading. The misuse of antibiotics is considered the most important factor promoting the emergence, selection and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance observed with many bacteria [14, 15]. This study also determined the sensitivity and resistance patterns of the isolates to various antibiotics commonly used for the treatment of shigellosis. From the results of the antibiogram, azithromycin (macrolide) was the most sensitive drug, with a sensitivity rate of 80% seconded by ofloxacin and ceftriaxone both of them recording sensitivity rates70% (Table 1). Though the sensitivity of azithromycin has not yet been recorded in previous studies, it was proved to be potent in this study, as an antimicrobial agent for use in management of shigellosis. The important sensitivity rates recorded by these drugs are probably due to the fact that they are less abused. Resistance to cotrimoxazole, one of the drugs used in the treatment of shigellosis has been reported in many studies. Belay et al. [16] demonstrated a 55% resistance rate of Shigella strains to cotrimoxazole while Khan-Mohammed et al. [17] recorded only 2.7% resistance rate to this drug in Trinidad. The present work showed a 90% resistance rate of the isolates to cotrimoxazole which is in agreement with observations from Yaoundé, Cameroon, Iran and Ghana [7, 16] where resistance rates of 87.8%, 92% and 100% respectively, were reported. Unfortunately, the drug is still commonly prescribed and used in automedication by the community for diarrhoeal diseases and other infections due to its availability in local and pro-pharmacies at a very low cost. Amoxycillin and ampicillin were the next on the chart of resistant antibiotics, with resistance rates of 80% and 70% respectively (Table 1). Looking at Table 2, five Shigella isolates developed cross-resistance to these two antibiotics whereas 3 (against amoxicillin) and 2 (against ampicillin) were solely resistant to each of the amino-penicillins. They are beta-lactam penicillin antibiotic with bactericidal activity binding to and inactivating the penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall which interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity [18]. The difference in resistance patterns of these 2 antibiotics may be due to the difference in administration routes. Ampicillin is administered frequently through parenteral routes whereas amoxicillin is orally administered. The latter is therefore more prone to abuse related to automedication and over prescription. Although they share in common the same resistance mechanism, some species are able to induce resistance to beta-lactams as a result of changes in porins in the outer membrane. Such changes decrease or eliminate the flow of small hydrophilic molecules like beta-lactams [18]. Similarly high rates of resistance to the above antibiotics of 88.5% and 78.5% respectively, were reported in Iran [19]. Wilson et al. [20] observed a resistance rate of 39.7% by Shigella isolates to chloramphenicol comparable with 40% resistance rate obtained in this study. Occurrence of Shigella species with multi drug resistance to 4 and 7 antibiotics (Table 2) including members of beta lactams (ampicilin and amoxicillin) and cephalosporins (Ceftriaxone) is precursor of the presence in the Buea Health District of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) [21]. ESBLs are enzymes capable of hydrolysing penicillins, broad-spectrum cephalosporins and monobactams, and are generally derived from TEM and SHV type 3 or 4 enzymes. ESBL-producing enterobacteriaceae have been responsible for numerous outbreaks of infection throughout the world and pose challenging infection control issues. Antibacterial choice is often complicated by multi-resistance and often leads to therapeutic failure of empirical therapy; therefore knowledge of the local prevalence of pathogens and their antimicrobial sensitivity patterns is essential for clinicians in their routine work [15, 21]. Risk factors associated with the spread of these dangerous strains is due to indiscriminate prescription of 3rd generation cephalorins (ceftriaxone) and risk factors such as living in poor hygienic conditions like in Buea health district [22]. Penicillins and chloramphenicol are broad-spectrum antibiotics commercially available and affordable to the public for treatment of enteric, urinary tract and ocular infections; thus they are often purchased on the basis of self-prescription and administered at sub-therapeutic dosages, accounting for the high rates of resistance observed. Nalidixic acid and ofloxacin showed resistance rate of 60% and 20% respectively (Table 1), implying that quinolone resistance is spreading in Cameroon [15]. In a previous study a resistance rate of enterobacteriaceae of 25.7% against quinolones has been observed. Although the quinolone resistance mechanism described most frequently, both in Shigella spp. and in other microorganisms, involves the presence of mutations in the quinolone target site; nalidixic acid resistance is related mainly to the presence of a single amino-acid substitution at either position 83 or position 87 of GyrA, while resistance to ciprofloxacin is related to the presence of at least one additional substitution in GyrA or ParC [23]; this difference may also be due to the presence of efflux pumps in Shigella spp. that are able to confer quinolone resistance in the absence of GyrA substitution. The widespread use of these agents might account for the high percentage of quinolone-resistant isolates in the study area[24] as compared with findings from Mache [25] who reported a resistance rate of 6.5%; and Andrea et al. [17] who recorded 40%. This shows a constant increase in resistance rates as the years go by. The same trend applies to gentamicin; Gizachew et al. [8] in a comparative study of the resistance rate of Shigella species to commonly used antibiotics in different years in Ethiopia observed a fourfold increase in resistance to gentamicin; from 2% as stated by Assefa et al. [26] to 7.9% by Gizachew et al. [8]. They attributed this change to an increase in the use of the drug over the past 5 years. The resistance rate obtained with gentamicin in the present study (40%) (Table 1) was higher than those reported in the above studies. Multiple-drug resistance to as many as seven antibiotics was observed here (Table 2) and this is similar to Belay et al. [16] and Wilson et al. [20]'s findings where resistance to six and seven antibiotics were found, among which ampicillin, cotrimoxazole and gentamicin, showed the highest occurring resistance pattern. Murray et al. [27] contended that resistance is encountered more with those antibiotics misused or used frequently for therapeutic and/or prophylactic purposes. Cotrimoxazole, ampicillin and amoxycilin are easily obtained outside of recognized treatment centers and taken without medical supervision at sublethal dosages and during an insufficient length of time. Buea, being a cosmopolitan town and owing to the fact that a significant portion of the population is made up of university students; there is a frequent movement in and out of the town. This mobile population provides opportunities for the rapid spread of multi-resistant organisms in regions where unrestricted antibiotic use is common, scarcity of potable water combined with many factors favouring live in poor hygienic conditions. Unless the unrestricted use of these antibiotics is stopped in this area, the time that these antibiotics become ineffective in the treatment of bacillary dysentery and other infectious agents is not far.
Table 1 In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolates
Table 2 Drug resistance patterns of Shigella isolates
This study which highlights the epidemiologic pattern of shigellosis in the Buea Health District however has a limitation including the inability to determine the species of Shigella or to serotype them. Information that could have given an idea of the severity of the species involved. However according to WHO [13], reporting any isolate of Shigella species is a major step in disease surveillance and helps in taking actions that lessen the risk of serious complications, spreading and death in the population.
This work has revealed that the prevalence rate of shigellosis in the Buea Health District in Cameroon stands at 4.5%. The majority of Shigella isolates are from the paediatric population (children < 15 years) with an infection rate of 7.89%. This condition is linked to the poor hygienic conditions prevailing in the area. The antibiotic susceptibility testing has revealed that these Shigella spp are multiresistant to currently used antibiotics including extended-spectrum beta-lactamses (ESBLs) as well as increasing evidence of resistance to quinolones. Azithromycin was found to be the drug of choice for shigellosis in this setting.
A total of 223 individuals comprising of 90 males and 133 females, aged 1 month to 72 years old were recruited in the study. The participants were patients referred to the laboratory for stool analysis from the in-patient and out-patient departments of the Regional Hospital Annex, Buea and the Kahwa Sumbele Medical Centre Bomaka, all within the Buea Health District. Their informed consent was souk and obtained and an ethical clearance and authorization to collect specimen and data for research was obtained from the South West Regional Delegation of Public Health Ref No. R11/MPH/SWR/RDPH/FP/5489/97 of the 06/04/2010. An estimate of the required number of participants was obtained using a formula for estimating sample size for proportions. The prevalence used in this formula was derived from a previous work [6]. Isolation, morphological and biochemical identification of Shigella spp were done according to standard methods [28]. The confirmed isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility tests by disc diffusion method [29–31].
(For details of the methods used see Additional file 1).
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Nguendo YB: Pathogenic microorganisms associated with childhood diarrhea in low and middle income countries: case study of Yaounde-Cameroon. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2008, 5: 213-229. 10.3390/ijerph5040213.
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Gizachew Y, Challa N, Afework K: A five year antimicrobial resistance pattern observed in Shigella species isolated from stool samples in Gondar University Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Ethiopian J Health Development. 2006, 20: 194-198.
Patrick R, Muray S, Rosenthal K, Michael A: Medical miocrobiology. 2002, USA. Elsevier Mosby, 323-333. 5
Taylor D, Echeverria P, Pal T: The role of Shigella spp., enteroinvasive Escherichia coli and other enteropathogens as causes of childhood dysentery in Thailand. J Infectious Diseases. 2006, 153: 1132-1138.
Pablo VE, Torres A, Freire JM, Hernandez V, Gil A: Factors associated to infant mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa. J Public Health In Africa. 2011, 2: e27-
Levine MM: Shigellosis. Strickland GT, Hunter's Tropical Medicine. 2000, Philadelphia WB Saunders Co, 340-344. 7
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Toukam M, Lyonga EE, Assoumou MCO, Fokunang CN, Atashili J, Kechia AF, Gonsu HK, Mesembe M, Eyoh A, Ikomey G, Akongnwi E, Ndumbe P: Quinolone and fluoroquinolone resistance in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from hospitalised and community patients in Cameroon. J Med Med Sci. 2010, 1: 490-494.
Belay R, Solomon W, Shiferaw T, Nina A: Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Shigella isolates in Awasa, Ethiopian. Ethiopian J Health and Dev. 2000, 14: 149-154.
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Ruiz J: Mechanisms of resistance to quinolones: target alterations, decreased accumulation and DNA gyrase protection. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2003, 51: 1109-1117. 10.1093/jac/dkg222.
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Mache A: Antibiotic resistance and serogroups of Shigella among pediatric outpatients in Southwest Ethiopia. East African Medical J. 2001, 78: 6-
Assefa A, Gedlu E, Ashmelash T: Antibiotic resistance of prevalent Salmonella and Shigella strains in Northwest Ethiopia. East Afr Med J. 2006, 74: 36-41.
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Bopp CA, Brenner FW, Wells J, Strockbine NA: Escherichia, Shigella and Salmonella. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. Edited by: Murray PR, Pfaller MA, Tenover FC, Baron EJ, Yolken RH. 2000, Washington, DC: ASM Press, 459-474. 7
Cheesbrough M: Antibiotic sensitivity testing, Enterobactereaceae. In Medical Laboratory Manual for tropical countries. 2000, Cambridge University Press, 2: 132-138. Microbiology EIBS pub. Low price Edition
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National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards: Performance standard for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests: approved standards. 2003, Wayne, NCCLS document M2-A6, 6
The authors acknowledge with thanks, the University of Buea Departmental Research Grant (Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences) for sponsoring this work.
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, P.O.Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
Anna L Njunda, Henri LF Kamga & Maghah P Awafong
Medicine Programme, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences Laboratory, University of Buea, P.O.Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
Jules CN Assob
Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, P.O.Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
Dickson S Nsagha
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, P.O.Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
Elroy P Weledji
Anna L Njunda
Henri LF Kamga
Maghah P Awafong
Correspondence to Jules CN Assob.
ALN as principal investigator designed and implemented the project and initiated the writing of the manuscript. JCNA assisted in designing the project and revised the manuscript. HLFK assisted in the in vitro antimicrobial testing and in revising the paper. DSN assisted in the identification of microbial strains, the statistical analysis of data and in revising the paper. MPA provided technical assistance during antimicrobial testing. EPW assisted during the consultation in making sure that patients enrolled in the study presented with signs and symptoms of diarrhoea, he read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
Additional file 1: Methods. (RTF 51 KB)
Njunda, A.L., Assob, J.C., Nsagha, D.S. et al. Epidemiological, clinical features and susceptibility pattern of shigellosis in the buea health district, Cameroon. BMC Res Notes 5, 54 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-54
Susceptibility pattern


text:
Shooting sends one victim to hospital by helicopter
By Rebekah Yancey
Published 8:27 am Tuesday, January 25, 2022
A shooting victim required airlifting to Huntsville Hospital this past week after a domestic altercation escalated, according to the Morgan County Sheriff's Office.
The incident occurred Jan. 18 in Falkville. Sheriff's spokesman Mike Swafford said the shooting was reported just before 5 p.m. in the 950 block of Pleasant Country Road, and the victim was found a short time later in the 1200 block of East Lacon Road, south of Falkville.
"The victim received a single shot in the torso between his stomach and chest and was transported by helicopter to Huntsville," Swafford said. "He appeared to be in serious but stable condition."
Swafford said investigators are continuing to collect details, and as of Monday, no arrest had been made. He said the victim was a 33-year-old from the Ebenezer community.
"We still don't know what caused the altercation," he said.
Lifeguard ambulance service and Ebenezer Volunteer Fire Department assisted the sheriff's office at the scene.


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text:
"The Ealing Season" 1: Directed by Robert Hamer
Friday, 26 July 2019 6:00 pm 18:00
Friday, 23 August 2019 6:00 pm 18:00
Explore the works of Ealing's most iconoclastic director, Robert Hamer. All screenings at 6.00pm; doors open at 5.30pm. Screenings are free to Museum ticket holders, by kind permission of Studio Canal. Museum tickets available at the door. Seating is limited; available on a first come first served basis. Donations to cover museum costs very welcome!
Fri 26th July: "Kind Hearts and Coronets" (1949), Hamer's masterpiece and arguably one of the 50 best films ever made.
Fri 2nd August: "It Always Rains on Sunday" (1947), featuring the career best performance of Googie Withers.
Fri 9th August: "Pink String and Sealing Wax" (1945), a Victorian noir in which Brighton has never looked seedier.
Fri 16th August: "Dead of Night" (1945), Britain's greatest contribution to the chiller genre. Hamer's directorial debut -- the famous mirror sequence.
Fri 23rd August: "San Demetrio, London" (1943). When director Charles Frend fell ill, Hamer stepped in. Perhaps the paradigm wartime Ealing film.
Call for Volunteers!
Kent MOMI Children's Workshop (July 2019)