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How to Detox | Reduce Inflammation | Anti-Oxidants | Glutathione- Thomas DeLauer
April 12, 2017 /0 Comments/in Keto Course/by Jim Jeffries
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even our antioxidants need antioxidants today I want to talk in some detail about glutathione and the direct correlation with glutathione and infections with viruses and with bacteria in the body you've seen my videos on glutathione before but I'm going to recap exactly what glutathione is you think it's known as the mother of all antioxidants why because it exists in virtually every single cell within our body an extremely unique thing and it's made up of three very simple amino acids we've got cysteine we've got glycine and we've got glutamate those three aminos together create this wonderful glutathione that has such a powerful detoxing impact on the body that we practically couldn't live without in fact our immune systems would suffer tremendously without glutathione in this video I'm going to talk about the correlation between the immune system and glutathione and how there are now studies that are showing a correlation between decreased glutathione levels and a suppressed immune system so let me explain a little bit about the immune system so this all makes sense so a healthy immune system differentiate between good things and bad things basically you have cells that travel around are able to identify something as natural or an invader you see our body has these things that are called T cells what these T cells do is they float around through the bloodstream and essentially put labels on different organisms they'll either put a label on something that says natural this is existing this is okay to be here or they will put a label on it that says invader and that will trigger the immune system to attack it so very very important when it comes down to our body's alert system and knowing what's going on so the next step in the equation is white blood cells okay we've got phagocytes we've got macrophages what these white blood cells do is they actually attack the invader they actually consume it or eat it and dispose of it but here's the caveat we need glutathione to create those white blood cells without glutathione those white blood cells can't really materialize which means we never have the ability to actually attack what the T cells put a label on so right then in there you have a direct correlation with effectiveness of glutathione and our body's ability to fight off of these fight off illness and bonafide just rich from a workout in essence glutathione it's basically food for immune cells and it does this because they exist in the intestinal mucosa basically what that means is that that glutathione is very active in the intestinal lining it's very active in that gut mucosa that's also where we have a lot of our immune system so you can kind of start doing the math there and seeing that if we have glutathione levels in our gut mucosa and we have high levels of glutathione affecting our immune system which can make it so that we're creating more of those phagocytes creating more of those macrophages and supporting that t-cell function so we have a healthy immune system healthy recovery and ultimately have more energy but this wouldn't be a typical Thomas de Lauer video if I didn't reference a case study or two so this first one that I want to reference is very interesting and it's in regards to viruses so listen carefully because it's going to start making a lot more sense what this first study found with that mouse models that were suffering from the flu from the influenza virus we're seeing quite a bit of inflammation in their pulmonary area they're also seeing an increase in what is called reactive oxygen species our OS that's basically a fancy way of saying high levels of free radicals in the pulmonary area well in conjunction with that there were decreased levels of glutathione and increased levels of oxidized glutathione let me break it down for you really simple here what that means is there were a lot of free radicals as a result of the flu then we notice that the glutathione levels were depleted then we noticed that the glutathione was oxidized meaning it was used up so direct correlation increasing influenza depletion of glutathione because it's spent its energy attacking the influenza or actually supporting the recovery so a pretty strong correlation there now the next study I want to talk about is in relation to bacteria particularly tuberculosis in case you didn't know to Burchell osis is kind of tricky it hides in what's called the phagosome the phagosome is like a vacuole inside the cell think of it sort of like the belly other cell it's very very difficult for t-cells to identify tuberculosis properly because they're kind of buried in the cell so when we come across something that's stable to identify or help with tuberculosis it's a pretty big deal well it's been found that the bacteria particularly tuberculosis can increase nitric oxide levels now nitric oxide levels may be good if you're in the gym and you're looking for blood flow but increased nitric oxide isn't necessarily good because downstream it can trigger some inflammation well in this study it seemed as though glutathione neutralized some of the nitric oxide thereby potentially reducing the inflammation later on down the line which means that the body can heal itself much better which means that the immune system can do its job much better which means that the lymphocytes the phagocytes the macrophages can start doing their job and healing the body now I know this was a lot of science I know there was a lot of stuff but I hope I broke it down for you in a way that you understand and if there's any consolation to why you spend a few minutes watching this video just know that if you boost your immune system it makes everything easier it makes your workouts easier it makes your mood better it makes it easier to adhere to a diet and it puts you in a better position to take control of your health and block out the noise from the rest of the internet and the rest of the world and focus on you as always keep it locked in here on my videos if you have any questions or comments be sure to put them below I'll see you in the next video
This Post Was All About How to Detox | Reduce Inflammation | Anti-Oxidants | Glutathione- Thomas DeLauer.
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How to Detox | Reduce Inflammation | Anti-Oxidants | Glutathione- Thomas DeLauer… Glutathione (GSH): Often referred to as the mother of all antioxidants, it is composed of three amino acids – cysteine, glycine, and glutamate – glutathione can be found in virtually every cell of the human body. The highest concentration of glutathione is in the liver, making it critical in the body's detoxification process. Glutathione is also an essential component to the body's natural defense system. Viruses, bacteria, heavy metal toxicity, radiation, certain medications, and even the normal process of aging can all cause free-radical damage to healthy cells and deplete glutathione. Glutathione depletion has been correlated with lower immune function and increased vulnerability to infection due to the liver's reduced ability to detoxify (1,2)
– The immune system is an elegant and complex group of components that combine to fight disease, infections, and various pathogens.
– A healthy immune system differentiates organisms in the body as natural, which are untouched, or invaders that are rapidly destroyed.
– A healthy immune system is able to combat the attack, whereas a compromised immune system allows invading organisms to flourish.
– Protectors of the immune system are white blood cells. There are a wide variety of white blood cells that help protect us from multiple threats, such as disease-causing bacteria, viruses, and fungal infections- Phagocytes and Macrophages.
– Your body cannot make white blood cells without adequate glutathione. It has also been shown to stimulate natural killer cell activity, which is especially useful in destroying cancer cells (2,3,4)
– Natural Killer Cell: Free flowing cell that kills disease without reliance on antigen.
T Cells:
– Glutathione boosts white blood cell production to fight infection, particularly the T-cells, which are called lymphocytes.
– T-cells are at the core of our immunity, and tailor the body's immune response to pathogens, viral and bacterial infections or anything the cells recognize as being invasive.
– T-cells directly attack and destroy infectious agents and guard the body against attack. T-cells are produced in the bone marrow and mature in the thymus, but are present in the blood and lymph nodes.
– Glutathione is food for the immune cells, boosting the strength of lymphocytes
– It does this by boosting immune cells in the mucousal layer of the intestinal tract.
– B-cell lymphocytes identify the unwanted pathogen that the T-cells then attack. T-cells also shut down the immune response when the job is done (3,4)
1) Glutathione Information: What is GSH, Biochemistry, Metabolism, and Mechanism of Action. (n.d.). Retrieved from
2) Role of glutathione in immunity and inflammation in the lung. (n.d.). Retrieved from
3) Understanding Glutathione (GSH), Point of Return.com. (n.d.). Retrieved from
4) Role of glutathione in immunity and inflammation in the lung. (n.d.). Retrieved from /
https://ketocourse.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/38747/how-to-detox-reduce-inflammation-anti-oxidants-glutathione-thomas-delauer.jpg 360 480 Jim Jeffries https://ketocourse.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/logo-big-rectangular-1.png Jim Jeffries2017-04-12 02:48:552017-04-12 02:48:55How to Detox | Reduce Inflammation | Anti-Oxidants | Glutathione- Thomas DeLauer
The Truth about Magnesium & Copper: Food Industry Secrets- Thomas DeLauer
March 20, 2017 /0 Comments/in Keto Course/by Jim Jeffries
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minerals and vitamins are not a one-size-fits-all approach you can't look at a bottle and just trust that what it says is exactly what you need to take what about the fact that our bodies are dynamic and we're always doing things we're always under different levels of stress we're always doing different kinds of exercise we're always putting our bodies through different things so we can't just have a unified standard that we should be consuming of certain vitamins and minerals in this video I'm going to explain how the balance of minerals really truly is the root of just about everything that's happening in our bodies whether we're healthy or whether we're not whether we're having inflammation or whether we're not truly is the root cause and that's the coin Morley Robbins who is an amazing amazing wealth of knowledge when it comes to the world of mineral and I'm going to talk about some of his information in this video because I think it's absolutely relevant so first and foremost I want to talk about minerals okay there's 18 essential minerals that we need but we're really only going to focus on four because it's the polarization and the balance of these four that dictate everything in our lives and I mean that with sincerity okay we've got magnesium we've got calcium we've got copper and we have iron these minerals are critical I'm going to start with a balance of magnesium and calcium okay magnesium is sort of like the relaxing mineral whereas calcium is the excitable mineral what happens is when we look at blood flow for instance magnesium increases blood flow whereas calcium decreases it in causes calcification then we have magnesium increasing soft tissue repair and helping all the muscles things like that and we have calcium working on the opposite working towards firm working towards bones working towards anything that's hard like the teeth you see we have too much calcium in our bodies plain and simple we're getting a ton from the diet we're getting a ton from the old got milk campaigns that are showing us we need to be consuming calcium all the time we're not getting enough well the fact is we have enough and a lot of people ask well can you have a balance of too much magnesium and not enough calcium the answer is yes but it very rarely happens because of that is how much calcium we are actually getting day to day so now that I've covered sort of that magnesium calcium balance just on the surface let's talk about how much magnesium you generally Ede okay so generally speaking it's recommended that you have about five milligrams of magnesium per pound of body weight now again stick with me through the end of this video because I'm going to explain some things in more detail but I want to talk about something that's called the magnesium burn rate now this isn't an official research term this is a term that was coined by Morley Robbins himself but I think it's awesome and it makes so much sense it means that you have your baseline of magnesium that you should be consuming but then what about when you're under stress because when you're under stress you're depleting your magnesium stores when you're exercising a lot you're depleting your magnesium stores so we all have a different rate at which we burn magnesium now although it's not really quantifiable right now we are burning it at different rates and the thing is as you age the rate at which you burn magnesium seems to increase once you start looking at that mag burn rate you can realize how much this circles back to inflammation okay so remember I talked about the calcium magnesium balance okay when you have too much calcium you're constantly in a little bit of a state of inflammation calcium is exciting the cell is making everything tense number where electricity here we've got a lot of that happening so we have a level of inflammation that's occurring there we need that magnesium to balance that out but one of the things that Morley Robbins looked at was when you look at hair samples of people that are deficient in magnesium they don't always restore their magnesium levels through even-keeled supplementation what that tells us is that they're constantly burning through their magnesium and never really able to restore those levels because they're burning it up as fast as they're taking it in that means they're stuck these levels of inflammation now that we have that out of the way let's talk a little bit more about the actual root cause protocol and balancing out all four of these minerals see the purpose of the root cause protocol is to increase mitochondrial functioning there's a balance of those four minerals so we're talking about copper talking about magnesium we're talking about iron and of course we're talking about calcium but why am i focus so much on iron in this case you think iron is critical we need it for a lot of things in the body however just like calcium we tend to get too much we get too much from our diet we get too much from iron fortified foods like the wheats and the grains and things like that but additionally iron accumulates in the body so the time we are getting 30 or 40 years old we have so much iron in the body that we're starting to have too much iron in comparison again to magnesium and what iron does is iron essentially causes a different kind of oxidation it starts competing with magnesium for free oxygen in the blood think of it like this you take a breath you've got a lot of oxygen flowing through your bloodstream okay then you have too much iron in the body that iron is gobbling up the oxygen and it's fueling itself okay that means the magnesium isn't able to oxidize not able to get that which means that you have too much and you're way out of balance so this can cause an issue in the cell meaning it's going to disrupt an Instamatic pathway that would allow the cell to normally create adenosine triphosphate which is ATP I know I'm throwing a lot at you so basically what this means too much iron means not enough oxygen which inhibits an enzyme which slows down energy production this might be literally a route to why we slow down as we age why when we reach 3540 years old all of a sudden were more fatigued and we don't feel like we're able to regenerate our ATP as much now to add insult to injury magnesium is required for ATP function so if we have too much iron which is killing off our magnesium and too much calcium which is killing off our magnesium well then we have a double whammy where we're not able to get the right amount of adenosine triphosphate to actually fire meaning we're not getting that cellular firing we're not getting that energy so you see where I'm getting at with this so now we get a little bit more complicated but a little bit more fine-tuned this is where copper comes in you see what copper does its copper helps channel the iron into the right place so you don't have just the plain old iron that's floating around gobbling up oxygen copper is going to allow that iron to go and do its job right it's going to allow that fire to convert from the state of a ferrous state over to what's called a ferric state which means it's a lot more functional a lot more usable the copper rides around to the bloodstream on something that's called the Sorella plasm that Sorella plasm basically drives the copper around making sure that the iron is oxidizing the right way not stealing the magnesium oxygen not stealing the other minerals oxygens making sure that the iron is going to where it needs to go to make sure you don't go anemic sure that you don't have the symptoms of iron deficiency so I hope it's got to making sense there okay but then we have to start looking at another mineral and that zinc okay so a lot of guys take think a lot of men take things because it can help to stop certain levels and things like that and we're told a lot of times that we need more zinc and that is sometimes true but here's where we have to be very careful with the balance you see if we have too little zinc it's usually because we have an overabundance of iron but we actually need copper to make sure that iron goes to the right place but if we consume zinc zinc inhibits copper so you can start doing the math okay if we can just reduce the iron and increase the magnesium then the zinc will start to free up you won't have an imbalance of the iron and the zinc and everything will start to fall back in place and copper can do its job so we have to focus on copper more or less before we really focus on the zinc when it comes down to iron you're going to find a lot of people that think that they're deficient in iron especially women because women are always told that they're deficient in iron especially if they're on their menstrual cycle because they're losing blood that may be the case but there is such a difference between being chronically deficient in iron especially because it accumulates in the body and truly just having a functional deficiency that functional deficiency more or less would mean that you're more apt to need copper to utilize the iron right than anything else but additionally it's important to make sure that you're getting enough magnesium and like I said before magnesium is the only mineral that you can really use safely in a supplement form that's not going to give you too much of it magnesium sort of the underdog here it's like the most important was getting overwhelmed because we're consuming so much of the excitable wrong minerals and I want to take this back and end on this because inflammation is one of the most important things that we have to pay attention to as someone that has family members a wife a suffering from autoimmune disease inflammatory conditions it is so near and dear to me and I know it's extremely near and dear to Morley as well basically what happens is there is such a solid link between deficiencies in magnesium and inflammation not even funny way back even in 1992 there was a study done on rats that found that rats that were deficient magnesium across the board had astronomically higher levels of inflammatory markers and inflammatory cytokines we know now in this day and age the inflammation is the root of so much disease but what is the root of the root it's seeming to be minerals and it really makes a lot of sense to base everything off magnesium so we follow doctors feelings approach where we say 5 milligrams per pound of body weight but increase from a baseline of 5 milligrams per pound based on how much stress you are under or how much you're working out that how we can start that is the root cause and that's what Morley is all about it's less about a product and more about making sure people know the importance of magnesium and its routes to anxiety and it's a route to disease so as always keep it locked in here on the videos and if you're looking to start getting to the root start looking at getting the magnesium and getting yourself in check a few in the next video and stay educated on your body
This Post Was All About The Truth about Magnesium & Copper: Food Industry Secrets- Thomas DeLauer.
My Favorite Magnesium: bit.ly/JigsawMagSRT
Magnesium is a mineral that many of us are deficient in because of the standard American diet. The numerous ways that magnesium deficiency are detrimental to health are many and with deeper understanding, the list continues to grow.
-Impacts nerve and muscle health
There are 18 essential minerals that play roles in all of our body processes. There are 4 that are of particular importance for liver and body health and balance: magnesium, calcium, iron and copper. These 4 are so important because much of our adverse health problems are caused by too much iron and too little magnesium. Magnesium and calcium act together as counterbalances. For example:
-Mg calms cells, Ca excites them
-Mg necessary to relax muscles, Ca (in concert with potassium) cause muscles to contract
-Mg plays a role in keeping blood flowing; Ca is involved in blood clotting
-Ca contributes to bone hardness: Mg found mostly in soft body structures
-Ca is involved in the fight-or-flight response and in inflammation; Mg is involved in balancing this through calm and reducing inflammation
It follows that if we are stressed, maybe caused by work, life, or even extreme exercise, we need plenty of magnesium to regain balance. Magnesium burn rate is the rate at which we burn magnesium. It appears that this rate increases as we age. The idea is to fix mitochondrial functioning through the balancing of magnesium, calcium, iron and copper.
Why these four minerals? We have already discussed the importance of calcium and magnesium, so now we should understand iron and copper. Iron is the #1 most abundant mineral on earth. As we go through life, we accumulate iron. Mg and Fe fight over available oxygen. These two mineral events criss-cross at about 40 – when much of the illness, aches and pains kick in. This is largely due to excess iron and deficient magnesium. Iron oxide is involved in the aging processes inside of our mitochondria. It changes enzymatic pathways and can cause a lack of ATP, which our bodies need to function! ATP doesn't work unless it is complexed with magnesium, which affects the functioning of 3700 proteins in the body. As we go through stress iron builds up in the liver, and as we age magnesium burn rate increases. This rate is also higher when we are under stress.
Copper is another important mineral – you can't make ATP unless you have bioavailable forms of copper. Copper is the mineral that makes sure that things are oxidized properly.
Dr. Morley's RCP:
Concentrate on the stops and the starts to get this in balance.
Stops:
1. Stop taking hormone/vitamin D
a. V D stops the liver's production of ceruloplasmin
i. Low vitamin D due to low magnesium. Every facet of VD metabolism is magnesium dependent. Taking VD can make the situation worse
2. Stop taking calcium and iron supplements
3. Stop taking ascorbic acid
4. Stay clear of high fructose corn syrup and colors
5. Stop lowfat – have plenty of fat in the diet, it is important
6. Stop using industrialized oils based on omega-6 fats
7. Steer clear of fluoride – far reaching and profound effect
8. No multivitamins or prenatals
9. No citrate – disrupts liver's ability to make ceruloplasmin
10. No colloidal silver – it impacts copper status (silver sits below copper on the periodic table)
1. Use cod liver oil
2. Start magnesium supplementation
3. Whole food vitamin c
4. Forms of B-vitamins from way of mother nature – bee pollen, rice bran, beef liver
5. Use silica – helps to pull aluminum out of the liver
6. Start ancestral diet
7. Take boron, taurine and iodine
Learn to distinguish between functional and absolute iron deficiency – almost impossible to have a total shortage of iron, but you can have a shortage of functional iron. Happens when don't have enough bioavailable copper. Anemia of chronic inflammation leads to low Mg, low ceruloplasmin, low serum iron, etc. Excess unbound iron will lead to a loss of magnesium due to pH of a cell to be too acidic which leads to magnesium loss which leads to inflammation. Inflammation is a clinical indication of deficient magnesium, which was originally determined in 1992 in a study on rats where magnesium deficient diets led to an increase in inflammatory markers. Inflammation is a gateway to many diseases. Additionally, pathogens feed on iron, so we do not want to have excess iron levels in our diet.
1. Center for Magnesium Education and Research
2. The Root Cause Protocol
3. Pathobiology of magnesium deficiency; a cytokine/neurogenic inflammation hypothesis
4. Magnesium: The nutrient that could change your life
https://ketocourse.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/38769/the-truth-about-magnesium-copper-food-industry-secrets-thomas-delauer.jpg 360 480 Jim Jeffries https://ketocourse.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/logo-big-rectangular-1.png Jim Jeffries2017-03-20 23:38:102017-03-20 23:38:10The Truth about Magnesium & Copper: Food Industry Secrets- Thomas DeLauer


Krispy Kreme currently supplies over 800 large supermarket, café and service station concession outlets across the UK with fresh doughnuts in bespoke liveried display cabinets.
We agreed a reactive maintenance plan, incorporating a fixed call-out fee and supply of parts required to carry out necessary repairs.
We also agreed to retrofit any fluorescent units with LEDs.
And a client happy to have found a company "big enough to cope but small enough to care".


A few weeks ago The House Fast Blog announced some new strategies which they are going to implement in the way they work which will be very valuable to any person needing their service.
A change in price by the Stop Repossession can prove to be vital to any person facing mortgage repayment crisis thanks to careful research by the head director.
With the credit crunch taking place in the UK and people losing their jobs faster than McDonalds selling Hamburgers during the rush hours in the mid week lunch breaks the Government had to sit back and make drastic measures which in return made many companies like the Stop Company be completely out of business as they were unable to continue to exploit many vulnerable people. Fortunately the way the SR works is different from all others and above all they have always paid way higher than any other company like them which has proven to be an asset in the present circumstances.
As time continues to go forward and changes fall into place which are affecting many people, there needs to be a resource the public can trust in the UK, fortunately in this day and age The Stop Repossession can safely say they are one of them.


The life of a Velo Culture inner tube is a happy one, instead of ending up in landfill for centuries to come, they arrive with us in the North East of England, have a bath and a good old scrub, hang out in the sunshine to dry before being turned into one of our products and starting a whole new chapter in life.
We use as much of the tube as possible to keep waste to a minimum, patches and branding help to give character to the products and make each one unique, valves are used as zipper pulls.
Our inner tubes and parts are donated by cyclists, local shops, and the odd not so local, doing their bit for the upcycling cause.
If you'd like to donate tubes, whether an individual or a workshop, or put a tube drop in in your establishment then please get in touch so we can arrange collection.


Food can be such an important aspect of travel. Many of us are obsessed with finding a decent place to eat a decent meal when we are travelling, and that usually turns out to be a pizza place or a MacDonald that offers food closer to home. But I urge you to take the leap of faith and go try something local, you will be pleasantly surprised.
Street food is one of the most versatile foods and a great way to taste the personality of the place you are going to. If you are a frequent traveller you know exactly what I am talking about. While some food are not challenging, there can be some that will raise a few eyebrows like the witchetty grub from Australia which is essentially cooked grub.


Marketing – Push The Button!
Excellent and insightful lesson that engaged the students and inspired them to consider their own career paths.
We really loved your lesson and you really inspired me to want to become a writer too.
The Rhymers are such fun and educational! The illustrations are bright and bold. This series will be a great help teaching the alphabet.


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English Test for IBPS PO 2018 Prelim Exam Set – 21
September 28, 2018 Bhawani Pradhan
Direction (1-5): In each question below a sentence is given with two blanks in each. Each question is followed by four options with two words in each. You have to select that option as your answer which can fill both the blanks of the sentence.
If the classic job interview question is "What are your weaknesses?" I guess mine are that I'm occasionally _____________ . Otherwise what you see is what you get. If this angry, aggressively _____________ guy accused of multiple sexual assaults can't just adjudicate everything for ever, then what was even the point of the last 27 years? Who are we? Where is the justice? What was … How can … When is America?
consistent, numb
coherent, maudlin
rational, cynical
congruous, coagulation
comprehensible, shabby
So a prime minister combining leading her country with new motherhood is an incredibly inspiring symbol for many women who are run _____________ trying to make it all work – or perhaps contemplating starting a family with real _____________ about the impact on their career.
dapper, contentment
acatalectic, security
ragged, trepidation
adhesive, equanimity
affluent, fortitude
A self-satisfied media _____________ justifies providing the far right with a platform on the basis that they will expose and therefore discredit Islamophobic bigots, because they are such clever bastards. Yesterday Sky interviewed career criminal and football hooligan Tommy Robinson, a man who has been _____________ of offences ranging from assault to fraud. Let me stun you by revealing that, no, the ultimate takedown of Tommy Robinson did not take place.
worst, acquitted
proletariat, pardoned
rabble, vindicated
elite, convicted
dregs, absolved
One senior Sky News journalist responded to the controversy thus: "Some will argue Tommy Robinson shouldn't be given a platform – but he already *has* a platform on social media." What _____________ logic: so therefore his platform should be further extended and legitimised? Does it not occur to broadcasters, as they host fascism, that every time the media provide him with a platform, his Facebook account _____________ more followers?
contorted, accrues
crooked, disperses
gnarled, dwindles
perverted, decreases
bowed, distributes
I've been asking well-informed people here who they think "Anonymous" was. Several have suggested someone from the _____________ of the vice president, Mike Pence, who is one "senior official" the president can't sack, and arguably has most to gain by _____________ him. The most intriguing suggestion, however, is Jon Huntsman, currently US ambassador to Moscow, and an ambitious past and would-be future candidate for the Republican nomination for president.
retinue, bolstering
entourage, undermining
followers, confirming
milieu, blacking
environs, buttressing
Directions(6-10): In each question a sentence is given followed by a blank. Each blank is followed by three options and you have to determine which option can be used in place of blank to make it a meaningful sentence and mark it as your answer.
Good afternoon, Mr Chairman, ranking member Feinstein, and members of the committee. My name is Brett Kavanaugh, and this is an even more malarial job interview than the one for The Apprentice. Same boss, though. To the Republicans among you, I would say: I know you believe her, but I thank our mutual God you don't care. To the Democrats, I would say: Don't ask me if I've ever _____________ from drinking.
a. gotten away
b. blacked out
c. passed out
Both a & b
Both b & c
Both c & a
Ardern is the first to admit she has many advantages that most new parents do not have, as do I. Being in a position of power, able largely to set your own diary with flexibility to accommodate the feeding schedule of a newborn baby, makes it possible to return to work and just about _____________ . Yet instead of support at work, many new mums get a P45. It's a national scandal that as many as 54,000 women a year are forced out of their jobs just for having a baby.
a. dealing with several issues
b. keep the balls in the air
c. keep the things away
Indeed, such statements by this jumped-up thug include a video in which he yells: "Every single Muslim watching this … on 7/7 you _____________ with killing and maiming British citizens … the Islamic community will feel the full force of the English Defence League if we see any of our British citizens killed, maimed, or hurt on Britain soil ever again."
a. got off
b. got away
c. came with
Can Donald Trump get any worse? Yes, he can. But our fixation on his personal awfulness, which was on full display at the UN this week, blinds us to the larger forces behind his Trumpery. Over the last few days here in Washington, I've been trying to _____________ what will be left of the old transatlantic west even if Trump departs the scene in January 2021 – or, pray heaven, sooner.
a. figure out
b. fall down
c. work out
Chamberlain had been told about the plot to depose Hitler by elements in his army and discounted it. Sportingly, he didn't want to condone treason. But his decision to fly to meet Hitler meant that the armed team waiting around Hitler's Chancellery, and waiting for orders to storm in and kill him, were stood down. If he had not _____________ from Heston airfield that September morning, Hitler would probably have been shot.
a. flown out
b. drained out
c. got away
English, Sectional TestsIBPS PO 2018 Exam
Quant Test for IBPS PO 2018 Prelim Exam Set – 21
Reasoning Test for IBPS PO 2018 Prelim Exam Set – 21

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


It's a thirteen mile ring road with no blanket speed limit and all the traffic flowing in one direction, making it a safe-ish environment to put your foot down. The fact that manufacturers and tuners use the 'Ring to prove their performance speaks volumes, but for the rest of us it essentially provides a challenging circuit that's about as similar to real road conditions as you can get. It's infamy does mean some push a little to hard – suffering very expensive repair bills not only to their car, but also to the Armco they may damage.
The 'Ring has everything, high speed straights, slow twisty sections, steep up and downhill sections, blind bends, massive cambers, it is like every road and even track condition rolled in to one. The variety of cars, bikes even busses hitting the 'Ring also makes it special, with no two laps ever feeling the same.
WHERE? In and around the village of Nurburg, 43 miles south of Cologne.
WHAT? The Nordschleife section is a one-way, 13 mile public toll road.
WHY? It's a legendary circuit with huge variety, and within road trip distance of the UK too.
Billed by a certain TV show as "the best driver's road in the world", the Stelvio Pass is certainly something special. Winding up to its 2,757m height, the road snakes perfectly up the mountain, which is also host to a ski resort with one of the most notorious black runs in the Alps. Tight right and left hairpins, both off and on camber, intersected by relatively straight sections and panoramic views make for a drive you need to make before you die.
Speaking of dying, if you plan to give it full beans on the Stelvio you really need to be a competent driver if you want to make it back in one piece. Most corners have a rock wall on one side and a sheer cliff face on the other, so it really isn't the place to practice your cornering abilities, and with the majority of the corners being blind, oncoming traffic is always a risk. The ultimate adrenaline rush.
WHERE? Italian Alps, north of the town of Bormio and south of Stilfs.
WHAT? The highest paved mountain pass in the Eastern Alps and the fourth highest in all of the Alps .
WHY? Miles of hairpin bends on the side of a cliff face, it's living the dream for a rally fan.
The RAC Rally used to pass through this area and the hilly terrain makes it perfect for a spirited drive. With an array of spectacular scenery the Betws-y- Coed triangle offers breath-taking motoring, favoured by many journalists. It's still a public road with speed limits, and the A5 section often has plenty of traffic, meaning police helicopters aren't unusual. Drive with care though and you'll experience one of the best sections of road Britain has to offer.
Compared to most of the UK roads we are used to, the Betws-y-Coed triangle looks like another world, which is a huge draw in itself, with the B-roads being desolate single track roads which are a real challenge to drive quickly. Unsurprisingly it is a favourite for car photography too, so you can have a blast behind the wheel, and then stop and take snaps. Just watch out for other photographers when driving hard!
WHERE? A triangle combining the A5, the B543 towards Denbigh and the B4501 down past Llyn Brenig.
WHAT? A section of public roads that has twists, turns, moorlands and forests.
WHY? One of the best looking roads around, and its within a few hours drive of most of the UK.
Speed. That's the main reason for hitting the German autobahns. While there are laws against undertaking and sitting in the outside lane unnecessarily, aside from some areas with speed limits that you'd be wise to acknowledge, you have the relative freedom to get your foot down on the majority of the Autobahn. There's an advisory speed limit of 130kph (81mph) in place for the entire network, and while traveling over that is fine in the eyes of the police, some insurance companies may use excessive speeds against drivers involved in accidents.
The thing that most people don't realise though, and is the most vital point to make, is that not ALL of the Autobahn is de-restricted. The busiest areas around junctions in big cities often have at least temporary speed limits due to the volume of traffic, and the police take a dim view of drivers breaking these limits. On the whole though, its pedal to the metal and have some fun!
WHAT? Public freeways that have no blanket speed restrictions.
WHY? One of the only places in the world you can legally max out your car, 200mph+ on public roads!
Tight, twisty and bumpy, drivers and motorcyclists claim it's the closest thing you'll get to an Alpine pass in the UK. The road runs from Hawes to Thwaite in North Yorkshire and although it's not a massively long section, there's plenty to challenge you. Also, thanks to the twists and turns you don't have to be driving at break neck speed to enjoy the challenge. And with a sheer drop on one side of the road, you certainly don't want to push things too hard!
Although the Buttertubs Pass is relatively short, there are quite a few interconnecting roads nearby that can provide similar amounts of driving fun. And with it being in the hills of Cumbria, you can be assured that no two days will be the same. If you had to pick just one road in the UK to drive, it would have to be this one. You could drive hundreds of miles across Europe and still not find such a fun road.
WHERE? 'C' road that runs from Hawes to Thwaite in North Yorkshire.
WHAT? A high road in the Yorkshire Dales that winds through 20m deep limestone potholes called the Buttertubs.
WHY? Arguably the most challenging road in the UK, when driven hard it is a real adrenaline rush.
Make sure your car is in good condition; check the fluids, tyres and brakes. A hairpin bend with a sheer drop to the right is not the ideal place to discover your brakes are shot! If you're going somewhere remote, check the locations of the nearest petrol stations that stock super unleaded, as you don't want to be running out ! Finally, always drive within the limits of the law and your ability.


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Solar Panel Cost Guide in Phelps, NY (Jan 2023)
Phelps Solar Installation Cost: $9,520
25-Year Savings: $6,213
HOME > SOLAR PANEL COSTS > NEW YORK > PHELPS
Average Cost of Solar Panels in Phelps
We go over average solar pricing in Phelps.
In Phelps, solar panels cost about $3 per watt on average. The average solar panel system size in Phelps is around 4.6 kilowatts, meaning a cost of about $9,520 for a solar installation, or $7,045 after the 30% federal solar tax credit is applied.
Remember that the numbers above are only averages. The price you'll pay for solar may vary based on your household energy use, the type of solar system you want to get, your solar contractor and more. But, after you've paid the upfront cost of installation, the return on investment for most homeowners is quite rewarding, with a net average savings of about $13,000 over 20 years on power bills.
To see your potential ROI and connect with a local solar installer, click the button below.
Solar savings over time in Phelps
$-80
Top Solar Installers in Phelps
DIY solar panel installation is a way to cut costs, but it's an undertaking that can take a lot of hard work. Taking advantage of a solar panel installer can make your switch to solar power much easier. The expertise that solar companies provide can be valuable as well, particularly if you aren't sure what kind of solar equipment would be right for your home.
You can get a free quote from a local solar installer on how much your investment in solar could cost for your home. Here are some near you:
Best Regional Coverage
Momentum Solar
Representatives are experts on local policies
Concierge service ensures steady communication
Slightly limited service offerings
See all of the solar companies in Phelps
Factors that Affect Solar Panel Costs in Phelps
The cost of installing a solar system in Phelps can vary by more than $10,000 from home to home. Your actual cost depends on several factors. The biggest one is the size of the system your household needs, and other factors include the equipment you choose, financing options and the solar installer you choose.
One of the most significant factors to consider when it comes to the cost of installing solar panels is the size of the solar system, which is measured in kilowatts (kW). The more energy your household uses, the larger your system will likely need to be. You can expect to spend around $2,950 per kilowatt in Phelps. Some solar panel brands — like Maxeon from SunPower — cost more upfront but also tend to offer better efficiency. In a city like Phelps, where sunlight isn't as abundant, efficiency can quickly pay off. Plus, if you have a small roof or you don't have a lot of space for your panels, higher efficiency options will be more impactful. Additional equipment like electric vehicle chargers and solar batteries will also increase the cost.
For some homeowners, paying for solar out of pocket can be a challenge. Solar loans are available from most installers in Phelps, which can bring down, or in some cases totally eliminate, your upfront costs to make solar more accessible. While solar loans make going solar more accessible for Phelps homeowners, they can also raise the total you pay for your system due to interest. If you put down a larger down payment, though, you can cut back on how much interest you have to pay.
The solar installer you choose will play a role in your total cost to adopt solar energy. Different companies will bill different amounts for the equipment and labor. Additionally, some companies in Phelps are more knowledgeable about local solar incentives and can help you learn about additional rebates or tax exemptions. However, they may charge more for that service. Even if they cost more upfront, they could help you save more money in the long run.
$3.07 $12,886 $7,593 15.7 years
There are many solar installers to choose from, all of which offer different warranties, solar panel models and price points. To help you pick the right company for you, here are some tips to keep in mind:
Contract: When looking through your solar installer's contract, ask questions about any terms you're not sure of and be sure you understand what happens in scenarios like a system component breaking or the company going out of business.
Solar Panel Brands: The brand of solar panel you want plays a role in which installer you should go with, since different companies provide different panels.
Installation Process: Homeowners should understand how exactly the installation process will go, as well as important factors like the project timeline.
Reputation: Solar companies that have great reviews from their customers and that have been in business for many years in most cases offer good-quality solar panel installation and expertise.
EcoWatch's Phelps, NY Solar Cost FAQs
What is the average cost of installing solar panels in Phelps?
This is a hard question to answer exactly, because the cost depends on many factors. Broadly speaking, it costs about $14,750 for a 5-kW system and $29,500 for a 10-kW system after the ITC is applied. You can expect to pay more if you want other solar equipment or more efficient panels, or if you have higher-than-average energy usage. Conversely, you can spend less if you go with a smaller solar panel system or less expensive solar panels.
Is cost the most important thing to think about when buying solar panels?
Cost is a key factor to consider, but whether it's the most important for you depends on why you decided to go solar. In cities where rooftop space is limited, efficiency can be more important than the cost. Other factors that are important to take into account are the quality and durability of your solar panels.
Is it worth going solar in Phelps?
Solar panels can be a beneficial investment for lots of homeowners, but they might not be worth it for everyone. If your home doesn't get a lot of direct sunlight and/or your energy bills are already reasonably low, solar panels might not be for you.
How often do you have to replace solar panels?
Even though the average lifespan of solar panels is 25 to 30 years, that doesn't mean they are completely unusable at that time. What this means is how much energy they produce will have decreased significantly after that point. You can choose to replace them once you've had them for that long or you can keep using them at a lower efficiency.
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Here's how to be all in and succeed at your goals.
Due to your all-or-nothing nature, you'll either exercise diligently—or not at all.
You already know that exercise is good for you. So what will ensure that you'll actually do it?
Allow yourself to be your own authority to make fitness more efficient and effective for you. These 10 tips will help you do that.
First, assess how you feel about fitness right now.
Finish these sentences. What's the first thing that comes to mind for each blank?
Would you like any of your answers to feel more supportive? Let me help.
1. Pick the program that feels correct.
Most programs are catered to Type 4 people. Find one you trust and enjoy. You'll do best with a training program that is clear and concise and focuses on perfecting your performance, such as karate or another martial art.
You won't find success if you fly by the seat of your pants. You need a measurable plan to follow since you won't be as motivated just by the idea of exercise itself.
3. Use consistency to your advantage.
Your natural tendency toward consistency makes it easier for you to follow programs or directions. Once you find a plan, keep the same days every week. Whether it's 6 days a week or 3 days—tell yourself you'll do it, and you will.
4. Allow yourself to be tested.
Interval training is a good challenge since you like to be tested. Competitive and/or team sports can be fulfilling as well. You may also enjoy competing against yourself.
Find an activity in which you can become an expert, such as Zumba, spin, pilates, etc. You'll find a great deal of satisfaction from the improvement you see in yourself, as well as being able to teach others as you progress.
6. Find a trainer you respect.
You will take your fitness more seriously if you have respect for your trainer. Find someone who's an expert in their field so they can teach you proper skills, technique, posture, positions, etc. You will see more success when your trainer understands your needs.
7. Seek out solitude during fitness.
Solitude exercises can bring you the inner stillness you enjoy so much. Yoga or other meditative practices can be fulfilling, as well as biking or swimming. You will still get the challenge you need with these inward practices.
8. Keep track of your results.
Measure your results on a regular basis to see your improvement. Use a fitness app, a fitness journal, or track through pictures and graphs in a notebook. You may thrive even more when you see your results in front of you.
Bend the rules of programs. Make them more perfect for you! You know yourself better than anyone. Be your own authority and make those calls when you need to.
10. Let your high standards guide you.
If a program isn't showing results for you within three weeks, allow yourself to find a new one that is more effective. You are your own authority, do what works for you.
How will you make your fitness more satisfying?
As you read each of these tips, a few of them probably stood out to you. What is your body trying to tell you?
How do you finish that sentence? Please share in a comment. I'd love to hear your intention. And your fellow Type 4 friends will be supported by your reflection!
If I Like to Get Things Done, Am I a Type 3?


Should the tip lie over the belt buckle or stop just short of your trousers?
Also, when you're crying at your desk do you use your tie to mop up any excess tears or just let it absorb them if they land there.
Just because you go for the Simon Cowell look doesn't mean the rest of us do.
My trousers hang on my hips generally. Where would your tie stop, then? Do you like it half-way up like a fashionista?
I'm more of a 2/3 of the way down man.
Your trousers? So you can show off your boxers, you mean?
So yeah, this has now definitely disappeared.
I guess it'll be back.
Where do you wear your trousers to? I imagine you wear yours up to your ribcage.
It's a good thing thewarn didn't make that joke only slightly better 9 minutes earlier.
I refer you to my answer to him.
none of the above replies were here when I started posting.
They were. I saw them. The times prove they were.
I clicked reply and then fucked off for a few minutes. So nurhhhhhhhhhh.
but I am quite comfortable taking the piss out of any tie-wearing fellow who does not wear his with the tip just reaching the belt buckle / top of the pants.
I am quite comfortable taking the piss out of any tie-wearing fellow regardless.
The use of the word 'pants' to mean 'trousers' distresses me.
what about 'thongs' for 'flip-flops'?
I'm not a fan of that either.
Pants is a standard northern term.
You went to Manchester uni, no? Did you not come across it in use by the natives?
umm... just about the tip of my belt.
i wear a tie every day. except fridays. i am wearing my new errors tee and jeans today.
Depends on how fast I get dressed in the morning.
It's usually a tad too short (few inches above the belt), but I can't be bothered to change it.
As for mopping up tears - no, I just use it to throttle myself when I make stupid threads.
I normally wear mine as a bandana.
Saves me time getting changed when I go fight crime.
Just short of the belt buckle probably- I don't think it matters as long as it's not massively short, or too long.
I think having an absolutely huge tie knot is a worse crime.
Guaranteed to make you look like you pressurise people into buying mobile phone insurance.
1. the trousers should sit around your waist, not on your hips.
2. If you are not fat (which you aren't) the tie should, as any gentleman knows, reach down to the midpoint of your belt buckle when you are standing.
If they were on my waist they'd be too short.
Your trousers should come to a point halfway down the back of your shoes.
the summer, Jeans etc in the winter.
You should hang it over you shoulder, then you'll look like a "hurrying man" who has important business to attend to.
Can you throw them over your shoulder like a regimental soldier?
I don't quite know why your post reminded me of that playground song, but it did.
*Do you get a funny feeling when they bang against the ceiling?
Otherwise it tickles my chafed thighs when I sit.
Should never touch the belt. That's ridiculous.
Follow on question: what's your knot? I prefer a half-windsor.


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You are here: Home / Archives for NYPL
WSJ: New York Public Library Rethinks Design (Central Library Plan)
From the Wall St. Journal: The New York Public Library, responding to outcry over its plans to demolish century-old book stacks, will this fall unveil a new design that preserves a significant portion of them, its president, Anthony Marx, said Tuesday. The library disclosed its plans in response to questions from The Wall Street Journal […]
New York City Landmarks Commission Approves NYPL Changes
Filed by Gary Price on January 23, 2013
From The NY Times: The Landmarks Preservation Commission voted 6 to 2 on Tuesday to approve changes to the exterior of the New York Public Library's Fifth Avenue flagship building. Read the Complete Article See Also: New York Public Library's Flagship Building Designs Released Includes video and several related articles.
Majority of Funding Restored for New York City Public Library as City Budget Approved
From the New York Public Library: The New York City budget for Fiscal Year 2013 was approved on Thursday, June 28. The City's three library systems will receive an $89.5 million restoration to the $96 million cut proposed to libraries. The adopted city budget restores $39.6 million of the $42.6 million proposed cut to The […]
New York Public Library Names Michele Coleman Mayes New Vice President, General Counsel
From Today's NYPL Announcement: The New York Public Library announced today the appointment of Michele Coleman Mayes as Vice President, General Counsel. Serving as chief legal officer reporting to President & CEO Anthony Marx, Mayes will be responsible for all NYPL legal affairs, playing a key role in the transformation of the Library through creative […]
Work on NYPL Historical GIS Project Proceeding Faster than Planned, More than 7700 Maps Already Online
Kudos and Congrats to the NYPL GIS project team! From a NYPL Blog Post by Matt Knutzen: In 2010, the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) awarded the Lionel Pincus and Princess Firyal Map Division of the New York Public Library a three year grant, the New York City Historical Geographic Information Systems project, building […]
Historic Photography Project Dusted Off And Digitized By The NYPL
Filed by Gary Price on June 8, 2012
From Gothamist: Recently the New York Public Library released over 40,000 images digitally from the Great Depression, including some shot in New York City, and over 1,000 that have not been published in other collections documenting the era. This week The NY Times explained how the photos finally got dusted off for their digital debut: […]
New York Public Library Deems Print Encyclopedias 'Relevant' in Digital Age
From WNYC Radio: As reference materials continue to move online, the New York Public Library will continue to keep print versions of the World Book Encyclopedia in all its 87 branch libraries, which are found in Manhattan, the Bronx and Staten Island. "We definitely think it's relevant for certain groups of users," said Denise Hibay, […]
Video & Text Testimony: New York Public Library President Testifies on Proposed FY2013 Budget Cuts
View/Read Text of Prepared Remarks of NYPL President Tony Marx before the New York City Council Committee on Finance (March 13, 2012) about a proposed $42 million cut to the NYPL budget. From the Prepared Statement: We are here today to discuss the FY13 Preliminary Budget and the impact of the Mayor's proposed $42.6 million […]
NYC Budget Restores Almost All Library Funding
Nice! From the NY Public Library (Full Text): The New York City budget for Fiscal Year 2012 was approved on Wednesday, June 29, and the City restored $36.7 million of the proposed $40 million cut for the New York Public Library. Below is a statement atttributed to New York Public Library Public Relations Director Angela Montefinise about this restoration: "When it comes to […]
Filed Under: Public Libraries
The New York Public Library Releases First in a Series of Free iPad Apps
From the NY Times: "Biblion: The Boundless Library" is the name for a series of apps available on Apple's tablet computer that highlight different elements in the library's collection. It was developed by the library and the design firm Potion. [Clip] The first edition showcases the library's 1939-1940 New York World's fair holdings, which are […]


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How COVID-19 is impacting Thanksgiving festivities
Kathy Frankovic
Economist/YouGov PollFood & drinkLifestylePolitics & current affairs
November 23, 2020, 3:15 PM UTC
According to the latest Economist/YouGov poll, nearly half of Americans (47%) have seen some sort of COVID-related impact to their Thanksgiving. Although more than a third will still gather with friends and family this year, just 11% say they will travel to observe the holiday.
Warnings from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention about Thanksgiving travel were posted after the completion of this poll; however, many people made their decisions about celebrating the holiday beforehand.
The impact of COVID-19 on Thanksgiving plans shares the same partisan divisions seen in most questions about virus impact, with Democrats much more likely to say their plans have been affected than Republicans (62% vs 35%). Republicans who see the coronavirus caseload rising in their communities are also more likely than Republicans overall to report their plans have been impacted in some way (35% vs 47%).
Americans who say the coronavirus has affected their plans are much less likely to say they will gather with friends and family (20%) than those who say their Thanksgiving plans were not affected (56%). Additionally, those unaffected are more likely to say they will travel (11%) than those who say their plans have been affected (6%).
At the moment, there is concern that COVID might get worse before Thanksgiving – but that's only affected the people who are already worried. Fully 84% of this group say they are worried about Thanksgiving leading to an outbreak of COVID-19.
By contrast, just 39% of those who haven't felt the impact on their festivities are worried about an outbreak, and on top of this just 10% of such Americans say they would actually change their plans in the wake of a COVID-19 surge in their area.
There is one big change in Thanksgiving this year from four years ago – and that is politics. But this After the 2016 election, 30% of celebrants said that people at their dinner table mostly agree about politics. This year, that has risen to 45%.
Just under one in five Americans (17%) this year admit there have been arguments around their Thanksgiving dinners in the past, about the same percentage who said so following the 2016 presidential election. This year, about one-third of registered voters (32%) expect fewer political arguments than usual at the Thanksgiving table, compared to 25% who think there will be more.
The results are partisan, however. The expectation among those who voted to re-elect President Trump is that arguments will remain largely the same as usual (39%), or increase (31%). Only a quarter of Trump supporters (26%) expect less fighting. But, those who supported former Vice President (now President-Elect) Joe Biden anticipate more peaceful meals — two in five (40%) expect less fighting, and only 22%) say there will be more.
Related: As America's coronavirus caseload grows, political perceptions begin to change
See the toplines and crosstabs from this week's Economist/YouGov Poll
Methodology: The Economist survey was conducted by YouGov using a nationally representative sample of 1,500 registered voters interviewed online between November 15 - 17, 2020. This sample was weighted according to gender, age, race, and education based on the American Community Survey, conducted by the US Bureau of the Census, as well as 2016 Presidential vote, registration status, geographic region, and news interest. Respondents were selected from YouGov's opt-in panel to be representative of all US citizens. The margin of error is approximately 3.2% for the overall sample.


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Statements by John R. Lott, Jr. on Defensive Gun Brandishing
By tlambert on October 17, 2002.
compiled by Otis Dudley Duncan and Tim Lambert
revised 23 Oct 2005 by Tim Lambert
Note: With the exception of academic publications, some tapes and some found by LexisNexis search, these were found on the Internet. The web is, of course, not perfectly reliable, and items appearing there can later disappear. This approximately chronological listing is probably incomplete, and we welcome additions and corrections.
This page documents how often Lott has made the false claim that 98% of with-gun defences involve merely brandishing the gun. A summary and the latest update on the controversy is here.
"polls of American citizens undertaken by organizations like the Los Angeles Times and Gallup showing that Americans defend themselves with guns between 764,000 and 3.6 million times each year, with the vast majority of cases simply involving people brandishing a gun to prevent attack."
Does Allowing Law-Abiding Citizens to Carry Concealed Handguns Save Lives? Valparaiso University Law Review, 31(2): 355-63, Spring, 1997. [The same passage also appears in: John R. Lott Jr "Concealed Handgun Laws Can Save Lives" Agenda 3(4): 499-503, 1996]
"There are surveys that have been done by the Los Angeles Times, Gallup, Roper, Peter Hart, about 15 national survey organizations in total that range from anything from 760,000 times a year to 3.6 million times a year people use guns defensively. About 98 percent of those simply involve people brandishing a gun and not using them."
Page 41, State of Nebraska, Committee on Judiciary LB465, February 6, 1997, statement of John Lott, Transcript prepared by the Clerk of the Legislature, Transcriber's Office.
"When victims are attacked, 98 percent of the time merely brandishing a gun is enough to cause the criminal to stop his attack."
John R. Lott, Jr., Packing protection, Letters, Chicago Sun-Times , April 30, 1997, Pg. 52
"Considerable evidence supports the notion that permitted handguns deter criminals. Polls show that there are at least 760,000 and possibly as many as 3.6 million defensive uses of guns per year. In 98% of the cases, people simply brandish weapons to stop attacks."
Unraveling Some Brady Law Falsehoods Los Angeles Times July 2, 1997 By John R. Lott Jr.
Other research shows that guns clearly deter criminals. Polls by the Los Angeles Times, Gallup and Peter Hart Research Associates show that there are at least 760,000, and possibly as many as 3.6 million, defensive uses of guns per year. In 98% of the cases, such polls show, people simply brandish the weapon to stop an attack."
John R. Lott Jr., Childproof Gun Locks: Bound to Misfire, Wall Street Journal , July 19, 1997 Wall St. J. A22
"If national surveys are correct, 98 percent of the time that people use guns defensively, they merely have to brandish a weapon to break off an attack."
More Guns, Less Crime (University of Chicago Press, 1998), p. 3. [Date of publication, May, 1998.]
"People use guns defensively about 2.5 million times each year, and 98% of the time simply brandishing the weapon is enough to stop an attack."
Will Suing Gun Manufacturers Save Lives? By John R. Lott, Jr. Investor's Business Daily May 27, 1998
"It has been shown that 98 percent of the time the only thing a person has to do is brandish the gun and the criminal flees."
Interview with John Lott Jr., The Dallas Morning News May 31, 1998.
"Americans use guns defensively about 2.5 million times a year, and 98% of the time merely brandishing the weapon is sufficient to stop an attack."
Keep guns out of lawyers hands, Wall Street Journal, June 23, 1998.
"The media understandably play up graphic gun attacks by outlaws. They can't easily show us the vastly more common cases numbering in the hundreds of thousands to millions each year where law-abiding citizens brandish a gun and cause criminals to flee (as they do 98 percent of the time)."
How to Stop Mass Shootings, The American Enterprise, July/August 1998.
"Polls by the Los Angeles Times, Gallup and Peter Hart Associates show that there are at least 760,000, and possibly as many as 3.6 million, defensive uses of guns per year. In 98 percent of the cases, such polls show, people simply brandish the weapon to stop an attack."
Gun-Lock Proposal Bound to Misfire, Chicago Tribune, August 6, 1998.
"Other research shows guns clearly deter criminals. Polls by the Los Angeles Times, Gallup, and Peter Hart Research Associates show there are at least 760,000, and possibly as many as 3.6 million, defensive uses of guns per year. In 98 percent of the cases, such polls show, people simply brandish the weapon to stop an attack."
John Lott, Commentary: Gun Locks That are Bound to Misfire, August 14, 1998, Washington Times (D.C.) A17.
"People use guns defensively about 2.5 million times a year, and 98 percent of the time merely brandishing the weapon is sufficient to stop an attack."
John R. Lott Jr., Letters, American Bar Association Journal, October, 1998
"Also ignored is that 98% of the time when people use a gun defensively, merely brandishing the weapon is sufficient to stop an attack. In less than 1% of the cases is a gun even fired directly at the attacker."
Gun Control Advocates Purvey Deadly Myths, Wall Street Journal Nov. 11, 1998.
"Ninety-eight percent of the time, when people use guns defensively, simply brandishing a gun is sufficient to go and cause a criminal to run away."
John Lott on Uncommon Knowledge "Farewell To Arms? Gun Control" Film Date: November 13, 1998
"Americans use guns defensively more than 2 million times a year and 98 percent of the time merely brandishing the weapon is sufficient to stop an attack."
Will Suing Gun makers Endanger Lives? Chicago Tribune, Nov. 17, 1998.
"Americans also use guns defensively about 2.5 million times a year, and 98% of the time merely brandishing the weapon is sufficient to stop an attack."
Cities Target Gun Makers in Bogus Lawsuits,. Los Angeles Times, Dec. 1, 1998.
"If national surveys are correct, 98% of the time that people use guns defensively, they merely have to brandish a weapon to break off an attack."
Will More Guns Mean Less Crime? Consumers' Research Magazine, Dec 1998 v81 #12 p18 [this article consists of excerpts from More Guns, Less Crime].
"Americans use guns defensively more than two million times a year, and 98 per cent of the time merely brandishing the weapon is sufficient to stop an attack."
National Review, Dec 21, 1998 p46(1) Gun Shy: Cities turn from regulation to litigation in their campaign against guns. (product liability suits in Chicago and New Orleans) John R. Lott Jr..
"There have been sixteen national surveys, everything from the Los Angeles Times, to Gallup, Gary Kleck from Florida State University, which show that over two million times a year people use guns defensively. The vast majority of times (98%) they merely have to brandish a gun and that is sufficient to cause the criminal to break off the attack."
Interview with John Lott on NRA live, 25 December 1998.
At 14:30, John states that "98% of the time" defensive use of a gun does not involve discharge: "Simply brandishing a gun is sufficient to cause a criminal to break off an attack."
Further, at 14:57, he states, "less than 2% of the time is the gun fired, and only in a fraction of that is the gun directed/fired AT the criminal."
Talk by John Lott in Minnesota on January 27, 1999. Transcribed from an audio tape.
"overwhelming majority of times simply brandishing the gun is sufficient to cause the criminal to break off the attack and run away."
Joint Crime Prevention Committees of the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of Minnesota, Hearing on Conceal Carry Firearms. Feb 19 1999. Transcribed from a video tape
"More than 450,000 crimes, including 10,744 murders, are committed with guns each year. But Americans also use guns defensively about 2.5 million time a year, and 98 percent of the time merely brandishing the weapon is sufficient to stop an attack."
Bogus lawsuits a crime against gun-owning public --> "Indeed, about 450,000 crimes, including 10,744 murders, were committed with guns in 1996. But Americans also use guns defensively over 2 million times a year and 98 percent of the time merely brandishing the weapon is sufficient to stop an attack."
"Lethal handgun fears" (review of Making a Killing by John R. Lott, Jr. Washington Times Feb 24 1999
"Potential victims use guns more than two million times a year to stop violent crimes; 98% of the time simply brandishing a gun is sufficient to stop an attack."
Gun Laws Can Be Dangerous, Too, Wall Street Journal May 12, 1999.
John R. Lott, Jr. Gun Regulations Can Cost Lives (Testimony before the House Judiciary Committee May 27, 1999)
"Potential victims use guns more than 2 million times a year to stop violent crimes; 98 percent of the time simply brandishing a gun is sufficient to stop an attack. Crimes are stopped with guns about five times as frequently as crimes are committed with guns."
John R. Lott Jr "Q: Would new requirements for gun buyers save lives? No: New gun controls will pose greater dangers to persons threatened" Insight on the News June 21 1999 v15 i23 p24(4).
"Sixteen national surveys from organizations like the Los Angeles Times , CNN, Gallup, and Peter Hart and Associates, as well as several universities indicate that at least 2 million times a year, people use guns defensively to prevent crime. ... you find that 98 percent of the time, simply being able to brandish a gun defensively is sufficient to cause a criminal to break off an attack. The gun is fired less than 2 percent of the time, and only seldom fired directly at the criminal."
John R. Lott Jr More Guns, Less Crime American Experiment Quarterly vol 2 no 2 Summer 1999 11-21
[Editor's note: In an April 2003 document Lott makes a comment on this quote: "based on a January 1999 talk, note the sixteen surveys have to include mine to get to that number". In fact, Kleck lists 12 national surveys. Adding another survey would give 13. In his reply to Duncan Lott claims that by including his own survey he gets to 15 national surveys.]
"98% of the time when people use guns defensively simply brandishing a gun [is] sufficient to cause a criminal break off an attack. In less than 2% of the time is the gun fired. Most of those are warning shots. Less then one half of one percent of the time is the gun fired at the attacker. And only one out of every thousand times that people use guns defensively does it result in the death of the attacker. In the vast majority of these times simply brandishing a gun is sufficient to make a criminal break off an attack and run away."
John Lott on NPR's "Justice Talking" June 28, 1999 Quote is at time 55:25 in the audio
"It is true that more than 430,000 crimes, including more than 9,000 murders, were committed with guns in 1997. But Americans also use guns defensively about 2 million times a year, and merely brandishing the weapon was sufficient to stop an attack 98% of the time."
"Should We Sue the Lawyers?" by John R. Lott Jr. Intellectual Capital August 5-12, 1999 Vol 4 Issue 31.
"Also ignored is that 98 percent of the time when people use a gun defensively, merely brandishing the weapon is sufficient to stop an attack. In less than 1 percent of the cases is a gun even fired directly at the attacker."
Debunking gun myths By John R. Lott Jr. August 8, 1999 Journal Gazette, Fort Wayne, Indiana
"People used guns defensively to stop violent crimes over 2 million times in 1997. 98 percent of the time, when people use guns defensively, simply brandishing a gun is sufficient to cause a criminal to break off an attack. In less than 2 percent of the time is the gun fired. About three-quarters of those are warning shots."
Oral statement, paraphrased, TV show, Hardball, CNBC, August 18, 1999. [Video tape obtained from www.burrelles.com.]
[Paraphrase of statements in a video taped lecture] Lott contrasts the number of violent crimes committed with guns with the number of defensive uses. He gives 1997 as the date for his figures: 2 million times a gun is used defensively and 98% of the time simply brandishing the gun is sufficient to cause the criminal to break off the attack. Later in the lecture Lott states that less than 1 time in 1,000 does the defensive use result in the death of the attacker. Again he says that 98% of the time simply brandishing the gun is sufficient to stop the attack, in "less than 2%" of the cases is the gun fired, and the firings are mostly warning shots. In less than 0.5% of the uses the gun is fired at the offender, and only a tiny fraction of these result in the death of the attacker.
"Do We Need the Second Amendment?" Eagle Council Forum XXVIII, September 24-26, 1999. [Video tape obtained from ACTS, Inc.]
"Guns clearly deter criminals, with Americans using guns defensively over 2 million times each year -- five times more frequently than the 430,000 times guns were used to commit crimes in 1997, according to research by Florida State University criminologist Gary Kleck. Kleck's study of defensive gun uses found that ninety-eight percent of the time simply brandishing the weapon is sufficient to stop an attack."
John Lott Gun Locks: Bound to Misfire Intellectual Ammunition, Mar 1, 2000. (The same article was also published on the Independence Institute's Op-Ed page on Feb 9, 2000)
[Editor's note: In March 2003, the sentence "Kleck's study of defensive gun uses found that ninety-eight percent of the time simply brandishing the weapon is sufficient to stop an attack." was deleted from Lott's article. Also, the Independence Institute's copy of the article was deleted. Lott claims that the Kleck attribution in this quote was erroneously made by Kopel. Discussion is here.]
"Guns clearly deter criminals, with Americans using guns defensively more than 2 million times each year -- five times more frequently than the 430,000 times guns were used to commit crimes in 1997. Some 98 percent of the time, simply brandishing a weapon is sufficient to stop the attack."
John Lott February 13 2000 Rocky Mountain News
"Guns clearly deter criminals. Americans use guns defensively more than 2 million times each year -- five times more frequently than the 430,000 times guns were used to commit crimes in 1997. Ninety-eight percent of the time, simply brandishing the weapon is sufficient to stop an attack."
Gun locks will cost, not save, lives in Maryland, Illinois Firearm Resource Feb. 25, 2000, Baltimore Sun.
"Guns clearly deter criminals, with Americans using guns defensively over 2 million times each year -- five times more frequently than the 430,000 times guns were used to commit crimes in 1997. 98 percent of the time simply brandishing the weapon is sufficient to stop an attack."
Gun Locks Bound to Misfire, New York Post , March 20, 2000.
"98% of the time when people use guns defensively, simply brandishing a gun is sufficient to cause a criminal to break off an attack. In less than 2% of the time is the gun fired, and most of those -- about three-quarters of those -- are warning shots."
John Lott at a taping of a TV pilot hosted by John Stossel April 2000 Link
John Lott, Jr. was the speaker after lunch. Lott is an economist and a Yale research scholar. He is the author of the book More Guns, Less Crime. He said that guns are used two million times per year to thwart crimes, and 98% of the time shots are never fired.
Report on Libertarian Party of New York's convention on April 29 2000.
"In 1997, for example, while people used guns to commit crimes about 440,000 times (with over 9,000 of those being murders), few Americans would guess that our best estimates indicate that guns were used defensively about two million times. Simply being able to brandish a gun was sufficient 98 percent of the time to cause a criminal to break off an attack."
Talk by John Lott to the Independent Women's Forum, May 2000
"If a national survey that I conducted is correct, 98 percent of the time that people use guns defensively, they merely have to brandish a weapon to break off an attack."
More Guns, Less Crime, second edition (University of Chicago Press, 2000), p. 3. [Publication date, May, 2000]
"Guns clearly deter criminals, with Americans using guns defensively more than 2 million times each year - five times more frequently than the 430,000 times guns were used to commit crimes in 1997. Ninety-eight percent of the time simply brandishing the weapon is sufficient to stop an attack."
Gun locks may increase crime June 2, 2000. Detroit News By John R. Lott, Jr.
Early on the first side Lott mentions that about 2 million times a year people defend themselves with guns, which is 5 times as many as the number of times guns are used to commit crimes. About two-thirds of the way through the second side, Lott says "less than one out of every thousand times that people use guns defensively is the attacker killed. I would say that the best estimates that we have indicate that people, when they use guns defensively, 98% of the time simply being able to brandish a gun is sufficient to cause a criminal to break off an attack. In the 2% where the weapons are fired, most of those are warning shots. You have something like one-half of one percent or so where the gun is fired directly at the attacker, and a lot of those miss. Even when they do hit, most of those are wounds. Woundings are about 8 to 1 the ratio at which attackers are killed."
"Dr. Stan with John Lott. More guns, less crime?" Radio Liberty, August 1, 2000, 4 PM. Cassette tape of broadcast obtained from www.radioliberty.com. You can listen to this quote here.
"Ninety-eight percent of the time, simply being able to brandish a gun is sufficient to cause a criminal to break off an attack and the two percent of the time when guns are fired, the vast majority of those are warning shots. It's something like less than one-half-of-one percent of the time is the gun fired in the direction of the attacker. Even when they do hit, woundings are much more frequent than times when the attacker is killed."
John Lott, radio interview on "The Zoh Show" August 2000
"studies by respected institutions estimate that guns were used defensively about 2 million times. Simply brandishing a gun was sufficient 98 percent of the time to cause a criminal to break off an attack."
One case for guns,Christian Science Monitor, August 21, 2000.
"As I told Duncan last year in a telephone conversation, I had no idea why the estimated 2.5 million defensive gun uses was attributed to me. The 2.5 million estimate obviously comes from Kleck. The about 2 million reference is the average of the 15 national surveys and is very similar to my own estimate of a little over 2 million defensive uses. The survey that I oversaw interviewed 2,424 people from across the United States. It was done in large part to see for myself whether the estimates put together by other researchers (such as Gary Kleck) were accurate. The estimates that I obtained implied about 2.1 million defensive gun uses, a number somewhat lower than Kleck's. However I also found a significantly higher percentage of them (98 percent) involved simply brandishing a gun. My survey was conducted over 3 months during 1997. I had planned on including a discussion of it in my book, but did not do so because an unfortunate computer crash lost my hard disk right before the final draft of the book had to be turned in."
John R. Lott, Jr's Reply to Otis Duncan's Recent article in The Criminologist, The Criminologist, vol. 25, no. 5, September/October 2000, page 6.
"Only one out of every 1,000 times that people use guns effectively is the attacker killed. About 98% of the time simply brandishing a gun is sufficient cause for the criminal to break off his attack. Less than 2% of the time the weapon is fired, and most of those are just warning shots."
John Lott. Talk at 2000 Gun Rights Policy Conference September 30, 2000
"Possibly because of such news coverage, few realize that Americans use guns defensively about 2 million times each year -- five times as frequently as the 430,000 times guns were used to commit crimes in 1997. Up to ninety-eight percent of the time, simply brandishing the weapon is sufficient to stop an attack."
When Gun Control Costs Lives. John Lott Jr. National Forum, Fall 2000 v80 #4 p29.
"Less than one of every thousand times that people use guns defensively is the attacker killed. Ninety-eight percent of the time, surveys indicate that up to 98% of the time simply brandishing [a] gun is sufficient to make a criminal break off an attack. And in only about one and a half percent of the time is a warning shot fired. And in about half of one percent of the time is the gun fired in the direction of the attacker and a lot of those miss. Woundings are extremely rare but even they exceed killing of attackers by about an eight to one ratio."
John Lott speech at Sioux Falls City Club, 25 Oct 2000
Broadcast on South Dakota Public Radio
At time 26:30 in the speech Link
"Simply having a gun is by far the safest thing for victims to do. In up to 98 percent of the cases simply brandishing the gun is sufficient to cause the criminal to break off the attack."
What can be done to stop hate crimes? San Diego Union-Tribune, Feb. 23, 2001.
"Men who behave passively are 1.4 times more likely to end up being seriously injured than men who have a gun. For women, passive behavior is 2.5 times more likely to lead to serious injury than resisting with a gun. In up to 98 percent of the cases simply brandishing the gun is sufficient to repel the criminal."
John R. Lott Jr., Self-defense may be best crime deterrent, The Boston Herald, March 10, 2001.
"Few people realize that civilians use guns defensively to stop about 2 million crimes a year, five times more often than guns are used to commit crimes, according to national surveys. In fact, in 98% of the cases, simply brandishing a gun is sufficient to stop a crime. Research at Florida State University and at the University of Chicago indicates that only one out of 1,000 defensive gun uses results in the attacker's death."
LA Times Friday, March 30, 2001
Others Fear Being Placed at the Mercy of Criminals
by John Lott Jr.
"Few people realize that civilians use guns defensively to stop about 2 million crimes a year, five times more often than guns are used to commit crimes, according to national surveys. ... In fact, in 98 percent of all cases, simply brandishing a gun is sufficient to stop a crime."
John R. Lott, Jr., Tell about when guns save lives, Dallas Morning News, April 10, 2001.
"Guns clearly deter criminals, with Americans using guns defensively over 2 million times each year -- five times more frequently than the 430,000 times guns were used to commit crimes in 1997. Ninety-eight percent of the time simply brandishing the weapon is sufficient to stop an attack."
Gun Lock Law Endangers Families, Independence Feature Syndicate Opinion-Editorial, Independence Institute, March 28, 2001. [This passage, almost verbatim, was also referenced on the net as having been published in Cost of gun locks too high, Philadelphia Inquirer, June 2, 2001.]
"Guns clearly deter criminals. Americans use guns defensively over 2 million times each year -- five times more frequently than the 430,000 times guns were used to commit crimes in 1997. Up to 98 percent of the time, simply brandishing the weapon is sufficient to stop an attack."
John R. Lott Jr., Why safe storage laws, gun locks likely will backfire. The San Diego Union-Tribune June 7, 2001.
"In fact, in up to 98% of the cases, simply brandishing a gun is sufficient to stop a crime. Fewer than one out of 1,000 defensive gun uses results in the attacker's death."
John R. Lott, Jr., Small Arms Save Lives, The Wall Street Journal Europe, July 30, 2001.
"Few people realize that civilians use guns defensively, not just against dogs, but to stop about 2 million crimes a year -- five times more often than guns are used to commit crimes, according to national surveys. ... But research indicates that fewer than one out of 1,000 defensive uses of a gun results in the attackers death. In up to 98 percent of the cases, simply brandishing a gun is sufficient to stop a crime."
Gun News You Never See, New York Post, August 6, 2001.
"Research indicates that fewer than one out of 1,000 defensive gun uses results in the attacker's death. In up to 98 percent of the cases,simply brandishing a gun is sufficient to stop a crime. And that provides no emotionally gripping picture to make the story newsworthy."
Fighting fire with firepower, Chicago Sun-Times August 10, 2001 Friday
"Nor are permit holders vigilantes. Up to 98 percent of defensive gun uses simply involve people brandishing their weapon. It is only as a last resort that people fire their weapon and even most of firings are merely warning shots."
Israeli Homeland Security Tips New York Post, November 12, 2001.
"Up to 98 percent of defensive gun uses simply involve people brandishing their weapon."
Yes:Armed citizens can make it more difficult for attackers, The Detroit News December 30, 2001
"Kellermann assumes that the only benefit from using a gun defensively occurs when the attacker is killed. In fact, in fewer than 1 out of a thousand defensive gun use cases is the attacker killed. The 98 percent of the time that guns are simply brandished are ignored. Warning shots are ignored."
Mary Rosh, posting to soc.retirement on Jan 1, 2002
"the survey I conducted during the fall of 2002 indicates that simply brandishing a gun stops crimes 95 percent of the time, and other surveys have also found high rates."
John Lott, The Bias Against Guns , p 24 Regnery, March 2003.
"Overall the survey results here are similar to one I conducted primarily during January 1997 which identified 2.1 million defensive gun uses, and that in 98 percent of them, the gun was simply brandished."
John Lott, The Bias Against Guns , p 259-260 Regnery, March 2003.
Combining my two surveys together (with their 98 and 95 percent estimates) does produce a statistically significantly different result from the National Survey of Private Ownership of Firearms with a single-tailed t-statistic of 2.4.
John Lott, What Surveys Can Help Us Understand About Guns? March 2003.
"Given that about 95% of the time that people use guns defensively, simply brandishing a gun is sufficient to cause a criminal to break off an attack."
John Lott, on the KEZI Watercooler, April 8, 2003
"Something like 95% of the time or so simply brandishing a gun is sufficient to go and cause a criminal to break off an attack."
John Lott, speaking on Radio Liberty on April 10, 2003.
"I think it's obvious that if you have a crime with a gun there's a dead body on the ground. It doesn't have to be a mass shooting, I mean you have just one person killed, many of these stories involve just that. That that's more newsworthy than, let's say, a women brandishes a gun, a would be attacker runs away, no shots are fired, no dead body on the ground, no crime actually committed. And given that about 95% or so of the time people use guns defensively that's the type of defensive gun use case you are talking about."
John Lott, speaking on the Glenn Mitchell show on KERA 90.1, April 15, 2003.
"In 2001, according to government survey evidence, there were about 450,000 crimes that were committed with guns. Of those, there were about 8,000 gun murders. Yet our best estimates indicate that last year Americans also used guns defensively, a little bit over 2 million times a year. Ninety-five percent or so of the time, simply brandishing a gun was sufficient to stop an attack."
John Lott, speaking at American Enterpise Institute panel discussion on The Bias Against Guns , May 19, 2003.
Ninety-five percent or so of the time that people use guns defensively, simply brandishing a gun is sufficient to make a criminal break off an attack."
John Lott, speaking on American Family Radio, June 10, 2003.
In 2001, according to government survey evidence, there were about 450,000 crimes that were committed with guns. Of those, there were about 8,000 gun murders. But few probably realize that our best estimates indicate that last year Americans also used guns defensively, a little bit over 2 million times a year. Ninety-five percent or so of the time, simply brandishing a gun was sufficient to stop an attack.
John R. Lott, in an interview on the "Strike the Root" website, June 11 2003.
But the more than 2 million times each year that Americans use guns defensively are never discussed. In more than 90% of those cases, simply brandishing a weapon is sufficient to cause a criminal to break off an attack.
John R. Lott Jr., Letting Teachers Pack Guns Will Make America's Schools Safer Los Angeles Times , July 13 2003
[Van Doorn] was wrong that I attributed my survey work to other researchers.
And there is nothing "inexplicably revised" regarding my survey estimates. I now state that 95 percent of defensive gun uses involve simple brandishing, rather than the 98 percent reported earlier, because I now have a new survey, conducted almost six years after the first one.
John R. Lott Jr, Letter, The Columbus Dispatch, July 26 2003
It has been estimated that when people use guns defensively, 90 percent of the time they stop the criminals simply by brandishing the gun.
John R. Lott Jr., Lottery Numbers Why don't media cover the good-news stories about guns? Philadelphia Inquirer , Aug 01 2003
The claim that there was something "funny" regarding the slightly different survey estimates is also false. I cited that 95 percent of defensive gun uses involving simple brandishing rather than 98 percent because a new survey was conducted almost six years after the first one.
John R. Lott Jr., Letter, Minneapolis Star Tribune , Aug 13 2003
In 2002, some 90 percent of the time when people used guns defensively, they stopped the criminals simply by brandishing the gun.
John R. Lott Jr., Guns, Crime, and Health, World and I , Oct 2003 v18 i10 p32
Guns clearly deter criminals, with Americans using guns defensively over 2 million times each year---4.5 times more frequently than the 500,000 times guns were used to commit crimes in 2001. Over 90 percent of the time simply brandishing the weapon stops an attack.
John R. Lott Jr., Bound to Misfire, Tech Central Station , Nov 7 2003
"Given that 95% or so of the time that people use guns defensively simply brandishing it is sufficient to cause a criminal to break off an attack..."
John Lott, speaking on the Jeff Rense Program on Nov 17, 2003.
John Lott, Why People Fear Guns, Fox News Jan 02, 2004
John Lott, "What the Media Won't Tell You About Guns", American Rifleman, Mar 1, 2004
95% of the time simply brandishing a gun is sufficient to make a criminal break off an attack.
John Lott speaking on Book TV on The Bias Against Guns , recorded on April 15, 2004
Though my survey indicates that simply brandishing a gun stops crimes 95 percent of the time, it is very rare to see a story of such an event reported in the media.
John Lott speech delivered on May 25, 2004, at a Hillsdale College National Leadership Seminar in Seattle, Washington.
Ninety five per cent of the time people use guns defensively simply brandishing is sufficient to go and cause a criminal to break off an attack.
John Lott debate with John Kessler, Ohio State University, October 26, 2004.
More than 450,000 crimes, including 10,800 murders, were committed with guns in 2002. But Americans also used guns defensively more than two million times that year, and more than 90 percent of the time merely brandishing the weapon was sufficient to stop an attack.
John R. Lott Jr. & Jack Soltysik Suiting Down National Review Online, October 20, 2005
Statements by John R. Lott, Jr. referencing his gun use survey
compiled by Otis Dudley Duncan and Tim Lambert revised 26 Feb 2003 by Tim Lambert This pages documents direct and indirect references Lott has made to a survey he claims to have carried out in 1997. Further analysis is here, and the latest update is here.The information of over…
Does simply brandishing a gun cause attackers to flee 98% of the time?
[On Sep 14 2002 I posted this to firearmsregprof. I also emailed it to John Lott. ] Way back in 1993 in talk.politics.guns, C. D. Tavares wrote: The answer is that the gun never needs to be fired in 98% of the instances of a successful self-defense with a gun. The criminals just leave abruptly…
Did I Attribute the 98 Percent Brandishing Number to Others?
[Note: This is a copy of a document found on John Lott's website on April 6, 2003. I have added critical commentry, written in italics like this. Tim Lambert ] ------ Forwarded Message From: "Dave Kopel" Date: Sun, 9 Mar 2003 13:07:49 -0700 To: <cut> Subject: Re: FW: A quick question. John…
Tim Lambert's comments on the Duncan-Lott exchange
Lott's reply to Duncan's article raises some disturbing questions about Lott's honesty. See also James Lindgren's report on his attempt to find some evidence that Lott actually conducted a DGU survey. Where did that 98 percent come from? 98 percent claims before 1997 Way back in 1993 in…
Scienceblogs is shutting down
Well, scienceblogs is shutting down at the end of the month. I don't want all the old posts and comments to disappear, so I'm going to move them all to deltoidblog.blogspot.com.
June 2017 Open Thread
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December 2016 Open Thread


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