Blackburn Children's University (CU) has been running since January 2010 and has continued to grow from strength to strength. This year Blackburn CU has been involved in some national funding and expanded into 5 new schools, one of these being St Aidan's. These changes are giving more children the opportunity to try and learn new things. I wonder what will happen next year!
During this year we have provided a varied and exciting range of activities.
The University Centre at Blackburn College has continued to help run a number of activities for the children. Children have learnt about World War One at the museum, Illustrations, using a Makey Makey and Fire Rescue.
In the holidays children in some schools have been able to take part in various activities including fun with plants, drama, sports, martial arts, arts and crafts, cooking and many more. The list could go on! Families have also been given the opportunity to go on trips out to the Museum of Science and Industry and also Gulliver's World.
Over the year we have had a number of trips for Children's University members in some of the schools. These were a trip to the Chill Factorᵉ, Chester Zoo and most recently a combined trip to Legoland and the Sealife Centre, Manchester.
If you have any questions about Blackburn CU please do not hesitate to get in touch.


From pipeline blow outs and tanker spills to train derailments, when it comes to oil spills, how can we protect our communities, and the lands and waters that we love? How can we push through the corporate spin and public relations campaigns to advocate effectively for our communities and the planet in the aftermath of these environmental disasters?
This workshop will cover the basics of oil spill impacts and demystify industry and government cleanup. It will explore some of the ways that we, the grassroots, can skill up and step up when it comes to community oil spill response and ecological detox and recovery.
Donations for attendance are welcome!
Leila Darwish is a community organizer, permaculture practioner, writer, urban gardener, and aspiring grassroots herbalist with a deep commitment to environmental justice, decolonization, and to providing accessible and transformative tools for communities dealing with toxic contamination of their land and drinking water.
Over the last decade, she has worked as a community organizer for different environmental organizations and community groups in Alberta, BC and the USA on campaigns such as tar sands, fracking, nuclear energy, coal, climate justice, water protection, and more. She is a certified permaculture designer, has apprenticed on different organic farms, and has given workshops on grassroots bioremediation and earth repair for a diversity of groups and organizations in Canada and the USA.
She is the author of the new book "Earth Repair: A Grassroots Guide to Healing Toxic and Damaged Landscapes", which was recently released by New Society Publishers.


Camping, wild and not so wild…..
A family run working farm in the heart of the Sussex Weald, we have a woodland campsite and luxury camping meadow in the middle of 70 acres of ancient coppiced woodland. Ideal for those who enjoy a bit of wild camping with open fires! We have bell tents in gorgeous private clearings, with wood-burning stoves and toilet and shower facilities.
Right at the top of the camping scale we have our safari tent, situated in a large sunny glade in an exclusive area of woodland. This has 3 bedrooms, wood burning range, 'normal' hot shower, and hot water. You really couldn't ask for anything more. It is the ultimate in luxury camping, or glamping as it's called!
The Cabin was built by a team from William Hardie Designs after an idea by architect and innovative design aficionado George Clarke. The build was filmed throughout by Channel 4, and used local resources and timber harvested from our ancient coppice woodland. It was shown on the third series of George Clarke's Amazing Spaces. It has a great big wood fueled hot tub which will fit you all in.
The Wagon is our gypsy caravan and suitable for two people, also with its own hot tub made out of an old Victorian cast iron water trough.
We are working on our newest addition, The Shepherd's Hut, which will be available to book for the summer holidays, it is in the barn getting the finishing touches and once it's dry enough we will be taking it down to its woodland clearing.
The Encampment is an exclusive area with 3 pitches around a natural pond. It has its own tree bog loo and covered washing up area. For more information and photos please click here. It's great to book out as a group as you will have the whole area to yourselves.
All our accommodation options are placed sensitively in clearings in our woodland. We are not like so many sites, where you are just plonked in a field with everyone else and have no privacy. You are immersed in the woodland, able to reconnect with nature, unplug from technology and find refuge from urban existence and everyday life. As one recent Tripadvisor reviewer put it "re-wilding the children at Dernwood". I couldn't have put it better myself!
We are a dog friendly campsite, providing they are kept under control! Please – no breed banned under the Dangerous Dog Act.
We produce our own beef from our pedigree herd of Sussex cattle. Our pork is bred from traditional breeds such as the Saddleback, crossed with the Large Black. We also have a small herd of Southdown sheep. A selection of all our meat is available buy from our shop during your stay. If you would like to pre-order any meat so that it is ready for your arrival please drop me an email. We always have burgers, sausages and bacon ready to go, but as we are small scale everything else goes in the freezer so if you want steaks etc for your arrival please let me know. Otherwise come and have a good look when you're here. All our glamping options have tripods and dutch ovens which cook a mean stew, and we always have diced beef braising and diced lamb available.
In our shop, alongside our own meat and eggs, we stock a range of basics to get you through your stay.
Ruby Taylor from Native Hands is again running her wonderful wild basketry and pottery courses – details are on our events page.
We are excited to be running a Woodland Children's groups again this year with Laura Warren please click here for more information. This is for campers and non-campers like!


text:
\section{Introduction}
The double orthogonal projection is a four-dimensional generalization of Monge's projection. In Monge's projection, an object in the 3-space is orthogonally projected into two mutually perpendicular planes (horizontal and vertical, i.e. top and front view). One of these planes is chosen to be the drawing (or picture) plane and the second is rotated about their intersecting line to the drawing plane. Therefore, each point in the 3-space has two conjugated images in the drawing plane. In the double orthogonal projection, an object is in the 4-space, and we project it orthogonally into two mutually perpendicular 3-spaces. Let $x,y,z$, and $w$ be the orthogonal system of coordinate axes of the 4-space, and $\Xi(x,y,z)$ and $\Omega(x,y,w)$ be the 3-spaces of projection. If $\Omega$ is chosen to be the modeling 3-space (instead of the drawing plane), then $\Xi$ is rotated about their common plane $\pi(x,y)$ such that $z$ and $w$ have opposite orientations (usually $w$ up and $z$ down). Analogically, each point in the 4-space has two conjugated images in the modeling 3-space. Elementary constructions and principles of the double orthogonal projection were described in \cite{Zamboj2018a}, sections, and lighting of polytopes in \cite{Zamboj2018b}, intersections of lines, planes, and 3-spaces with a 3-sphere in \cite{Zamboj2019b}, and regular quadric sections as intersections of 4-dimensional cones with 3-spaces in \cite{Zamboj2019a}. Similarly to Monge's projection, in which an observer can reach any point of the drawing plane, in the four-dimensional case an observer can reach any point of the modeling 3-space. For this purpose, our constructions are supplemented by online interactive models \cite{Zamboj2020icggGGB} created in \emph{GeoGebra~5}.

A projection between an $n$-sphere embedded in an $(n+1)$-space from its point $N$ and an $n$-dimensional hyperplane supplemented with a point at infinity $\{\infty\}$, not passing through $N$ is called stereographic projection. Due to its angle-preserving property, it is a convenient tool to visualize spheres. The 3-dimensional case of a stereographic projection of a 2-sphere from the North pole~$N$ to a tangent plane at the South pole and its Monge's projection is depicted in Figure~\ref{fig:sp3d}. For a brief overview see \cite{Snyder1987}, pp. 154--163, and for more general view with the construction of a spherical inversion used in Section~\ref{sec:sphinv} see \cite{Odehnal2020}, pp. 368--378.

\begin{figure}[!htb]
\centering
\includegraphics[height=4.5cm]{127-Figure1a_Zamboj}\hfill\includegraphics[height=4.5cm]{127-Figure1b_Zamboj}
\caption{A stereographic projection of the southern hemisphere from the North pole $N$ to the tangent plane at the South pole (i.e. the horizontal plane of projection), and its Monge's projection. Images of a quadrilateral with its sides along parallels and meridians are highlighted.\\
Interactive model available at \texttt{https://www.geogebra.org/m/mfctqfcs}}
\label{fig:sp3d}
\end{figure}

A stereographic projection of a 3-sphere onto a 3-space was used to create 3-D printed models and study properties of four-dimensional polytopes in \cite{Schleimer2012} and later on in \cite{Hart2014} to visualize symmetries of the quaternionic group on a 3-D printed models of monkeys in a hypercube (limbs, head, and tail of the monkey represent faces of cubical cells). Well designed online applets with stereographic projections of a hypercube are at \cite{Sirius14000} and including other polytopes, sections, and tori in a 3-sphere at \cite{Cervone}. A stereographic projection of a 3-sphere is often used to visualize objects usually studied in topology. The topology of a 3-sphere is studied in \cite{Kocak1987}. Several animations and four-dimensional stereographic projection are described in \cite{Banchoff1996}, Chapters 6 and 8. The same author in \cite{Banchoff1988} used computer graphics to visualize stereographic images of Pinkall's tori corresponding in the Hopf fibration to simple closed curves on a 2-sphere (see also \cite{Pinkall1985} and \cite{3dxm}). An interactive visualization of a stereographic projection of a Clifford torus on a 3-sphere is at \cite{Balmens2012}. Videos and animations of the Hopf fibration and its stereographic projection are at \cite{Johnson2011, Dimensions, Chinyere2012}. Commented videos with interactive environment discussing quaternions and stereographic projection are at \cite{Eater}. A stereographic and double-stereographic projection of an arbitrary object in the 4-space was described in \cite{Ohori2017}. As an example of a recent application, a stereographic projection to a 3-sphere is used in \cite{Hosseinbor2015} to analyze multiple disconnected anatomical structures mathematically represented as a composition of compact finite three-dimensional surfaces.

\begin{figure}[!b]
\centering
\includegraphics[height=7cm, trim=50 50 50 50, clip]{127-Figure2a_Zamboj}\hfill\includegraphics[height=7cm, trim=50 50 50 50, clip]{127-Figure2b_Zamboj}
\caption{The system of concentric spheres, which are stereographic images of parallel sections of the half of the 3-sphere split by the 3-space parallel to $\Xi$ from the point $N$ with the maximal $w$-coordinate to the tangent 3-space $\Xi$ at the antipodal point $S$, and its double orthogonal projection. On the right side are conjugated images and stereographic image of a hyperspherical hexahedron, as an analogy to a spherical quadrilateral.\\
Interactive model available at \texttt{https://www.geogebra.org/m/sz7ykk54}}
\label{fig:sp4d}
\end{figure}

The previous references were based on the analytic representation of points in the fourth dimension. With the use of the double orthogonal projections, we can construct images of four-dimensional objects synthetically and use the modeling 3-space to be also the projecting 3-space of a stereographic projection. A construction of a hyperspherical tetrahedron in a special position and its images in a stereographic and the double orthogonal projection is in \cite{Zamboj2020a}. A synthetic construction and animation of Hopf fibers in the double orthogonal projection and their stereographic projection are discussed in \cite{Zamboj2020b}. In this paper, we will extend these results in several aspects.

Let us describe the visualization of a 3-sphere and stereographic images in the double orthogonal projection in Figure~\ref{fig:sp4d} (left) in an analogy to the three-dimensional case in Figure~\ref{fig:sp3d} (right). In Monge's projection, the conjugated images of a \mbox{2-sphere} are disks, in the double orthogonal projection, the conjugated images of a 3-sphere are balls. In 3-D, sections of a \mbox{2-sphere} with planes parallel to the horizontal plane of projection (parallels) are circles, and their images are segments in the vertical plane and circles in the horizontal plane. The stereographic projection from the North pole $N$ to the tangent plane at the South pole $S$ projects these parallels to the system of concentric circles in the drawing plane. In 4-D, sections of a 3-sphere with 3-spaces parallel to the 3-space of projection $\Xi$ are 2-spheres, their $\Omega$-images are disks and $\Xi$-images are 2-spheres. The stereographic projection from the point $N$ with the maximal $w$-coordinate to the tangent 3-space $\Xi$ at the antipodal point $S$ projects the parallel 2-spheres to the system of concentric 2-spheres in the modeling 3-space. In both cases, the point $N$ is projected stereographically into the point at infinity $\{\infty\}$, and hence images of circles through $N$ become lines. In Figure~\ref{fig:sp4d} (right) (see also animated model) is a hyperspherical hexahedron along hyperspherical coordinates.

\section{A synthetic construction of a stereographic projection in the double orthogonal projection}

\begin{figure}[!htb]
\centering
\includegraphics[height=7cm, trim=100 50 50 30, clip]{127-Figure3a_Zamboj}\hfill\includegraphics[height=7cm, trim=100 50 50 30, clip]{127-Figure3b_Zamboj}
\caption{(left) Construction of the stereographic image $A_s$ of the point $A$ on the 3-sphere given by its $\Omega$-image $A_4$. (right) Construction of the conjugated images $A_3$ and $A_4$ of a point $A$ from its stereographic image $A_s$.\\
Interactive model available at \texttt{https://www.geogebra.org/m/xdypddf9}}
\label{fig:sp4dpoint}
\end{figure}
The stereographic image of a point on a 3-sphere is the intersection of the projecting ray with the plane of projection (Figure~\ref{fig:sp4dpoint}, left). Let us have conjugated images of a 3-sphere with a center $Z$ in the double orthogonal projection and the $\Omega$-image $A_4$ of a point $A$ on the 3-sphere. The $\Xi$-image $A_3$ lies on the perpendicular to $\pi$ through $A_4$, i.e. ordinal line of the point $A$. Furthermore, the section of the 3-space through $A$ parallel to the 3-space $\Omega$ with a 3-sphere is a 2-sphere. Its $\Omega$-image is a 2-sphere with the center $Z_4$ through $A_4$, and its $\Xi$-image is a disk with the same radius in a plane parallel to $\pi$. Let $N$ be the abovementioned center of the sterographic projection to the 3-space $\Xi$. The stereographic image $A_s$ of the point $A$ on the 3-sphere lies on the line $N_3A_3$ and also on the perpendicular to $\pi$ through the intersection $A_0$ of $\pi$ and the line $N_4A_4$. Oppositely, the inverse construction of the conjugated images $A_3$ and $A_4$ from the stereographic image~$A_s$ is in Figure~\ref{fig:sp4dpoint} (right). In this case, we need to find the intersection~$A$ of the projecting ray $NA_s$ with the 3-sphere. For such construction, we can use a third orthogonal projection into the plane perpendicular to $\Xi$ through the projecting ray, and rotate it into the modeling 3-space (see \cite{Zamboj2019b} for more details). In the third view, the image of the 3-sphere is a circle with the center $(Z)$, and its intersection with the rotated line $(N)A_s$ is the rotated point $(A)$. Then, the point $A_3$ is constructed with the reverse rotation.

\begin{figure}[!htb]
\centering
\includegraphics[height=7cm, trim=100 50 50 30, clip]{127-Figure4a_Zamboj}\hfill\includegraphics[height=7cm, trim=100 50 50 30, clip]{127-Figure4b_Zamboj}
\caption{(left) The double orthogonal projection and stereographic image of a hyperspherical tetrahedron $ABCD$.  (right) The same situation with the circumscribed 2-sphere around $ABCD$.\\
Interactive model available at \texttt{https://www.geogebra.org/m/xdypddf9}}
\label{fig:sp4dtetrahedron}
\end{figure}

In Figure~\ref{fig:sp4dtetrahedron} (left), the same method is used to construct the stereographic images $A_s, B_s, C_s, D_s$ of the vertices of a hyperspherical tetrahedron $ABCD$ (generalization of a spherical triangle). The edges of the tetrahedron $ABCD$ are circular arcs and faces are spherical triangles.\footnote{The faces are not depicted due to insufficient possibilities of the surface parametrization in GeoGebra, but the reader can turn on the visibility of the corresponding spheres in the stereographic projection in the online model.} These properties are preserved due to the conformity of stereographic projection. To construct the stereographic images of the circular edges, we can conveniently use stereographic images of the antipodal points. For example, the edge $A_sB_s$ lie on the circle $A_sB_sA'_s$, where $A'_s$ is the stereographic image of the point $A'$ antipodal to $A$, and so its conjugated images $A'_3$ and $A'_4$ are the mirror images of $A_3$ and $A_4$ about $Z_3$ and $Z_4$, respectively. The conjugated images of the edges are constructed point-by-point from their stereographic images and create elliptical arcs in a general position. Note that we could construct them, however, more laboriously, as the intersections of the 3-sphere and planes.

Further on, a 2-sphere circumscribed around a tetrahedron $ABCD$ is visualized in Figure~\ref{fig:sp4dtetrahedron} (right). While in the stereographic projection it is simply a 2-sphere in the true shape, the conjugated images in the double orthogonal projection are ellipsoids. They can be constructed as the intersections of a 3-sphere with the 3-space defined by the noncospatial points $A,B,C$, and $D$ (see \cite{Zamboj2019b} for details), or, as highlighted in the $\Omega$-image, as the intersections of the conical hypersurface with the vertex $N$ with a 3-sphere.

\begin{figure}[!htb]
\centering
\includegraphics[height=7cm]{127-Figure5_Zamboj}
\caption{My drawing was not a picture of a hat. It was a picture of a boa constrictor digesting an elephant on a 3-sphere in the double orthogonal projection (slightly modified from \cite{Exupery1943}).\\
Interactive model available at \texttt{https://www.geogebra.org/m/mjpeaud4}}
\label{fig:freehand}
\end{figure}

The interactive environment, in combination with the construction of a stereographic projection from a 3-space onto a 3-sphere (Figure~\ref{fig:sp4dpoint}, right), brings a possibility of freehand drawing on a 3-sphere. With the use of the trace tool in GeoGebra (or similar point-by-point construction in other software), we move the point in the stereographic projection, and its dependent conjugated images draw their traces. This way, we can draw a stereographic image (its $\Xi$-image) of a curve, or any other picture, in the modeling 3-space, and simultaneously its double orthogonal projection. A four-dimensional curve on a 3-sphere drawn by hand on a 2-sphere in a stereographic projection is in Figure~\ref{fig:freehand}.

\subsection{Spherical inversion}
\label{sec:sphinv}

\begin{figure}[!htb]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth, trim= 40 0 0 0, clip]{127-Figure6_Zamboj}
\caption{Spherical inversion of a tetrahedron $ABCD$ and its circumscribed 2-sphere as a composition of stereographic projections from antipodal poles between a \mbox{3-sphere} and its equatorial 3-space.\\
Interactive model available at \texttt{https://www.geogebra.org/m/uqvek39f}}
\label{fig:sphinv}
\end{figure}

A spherical inversion may be obtained as a composition of two stereographic projections (Figure~\ref{fig:sphinv}). For this purpose, we choose the projecting 3-space $\Sigma$ of the stereographic projection through the center $Z$ of the 3-sphere and parallel to $\Xi$. A point~$A$ in the 3-space $\Sigma\cup\{\infty\}$ is stereographically projected in the projection~$p_N$ from the center $N$ to the point $A^\circ$ on the 3-sphere. The second stereographic projection $p_S$ from the center $S$ projects the point $A^\circ$ to the point $A'$ in the 3-space~\mbox{$\Sigma\cup\{\infty\}$}. Since $\Sigma$ is parallel to $\Xi$, all the $\Xi$-images of objects in the 3-space~$\Sigma$ are in the true shape. The section $\gamma$ of a 3-sphere and the 3-space~$\Sigma$ is a 2-sphere overlapping with the $\Xi$-image of the 3-sphere with the center $Z_3$ in the modeling 3-space. The composition of $p_N$ and $p_S$ is the spherical inversion, and $p_S(p_N(A))=A'$. Especially, all the points on $\gamma$ are fixed. Moreover, $p_S(p_N(\infty))=p_S(N)=Z$, and $p_S(p_N(Z))=p_S(S)=\infty$.
\begin{figure}[!htb]
\centering
\includegraphics[height=7cm]{127-Figure7_Zamboj}
\caption{Spherical inversion of a point $A$ in the orthogonal projection to the projecting plane of the line $\overline{NA}$.}
\label{fig:circinv}
\end{figure}
Note, that for each point $A\neq Z,\{\infty\}$ in $\Sigma$, we could choose a projecting plane of the line $AZ$ perpendicular to $\Xi$ which cuts the 2-sphere $\gamma$ in a circle $c$, and the final composition would be a circle inversion. The situation is depicted in Monge's projection in Figure~\ref{fig:circinv}, in which the circle inversion is in the orthogonal projection into the horizontal plane. Triangles $A_2Z_2N_2$ and $S_2Z_2A'_2$ are in their true shape in the front view, and they are apparently similar. Therefore,
\begin{equation*}
\frac{|A_2Z_2|}{|Z_2N_2|}=\frac{|S_2Z_2|}{|Z_2A'_2|},
\end{equation*} and so
\begin{equation*}
\label{eq:st}
|A_2Z_2||A'_2Z_2|=|Z_2N_2||Z_2S_2|=r^2,
\end{equation*}
where $r$ is the radius of $c,\gamma$, and also the 3-sphere. From the given construction, it also holds that $|A_2Z_2|=|A_1Z_1|=|AZ|$ and $|A'_2Z_2|=|A'Z|$, and we have
\begin{equation*}
|AZ||A'Z|=r^2.
\end{equation*}
The last formula leads to the standard definition of the spherical inversion about the 2-sphere $\gamma$ with the center $Z$ and radius $r$.

Figure~\ref{fig:sphinv} also shows a tetrahedron $ABCD$ with a circumscribed sphere and their inversion. The conformity of stereographic projections is inherited in their composition to the spherical inversion. The lines not passing through the center of the inversion become circles. Consequently, the edges of the image tetrahedron $A'B'C'D'$ are circular arcs with preserved mutual angles. The image of the sphere circumscribed to $ABCD$ is a sphere circumscribed to $A'B'C'D'$.

\subsection{Hopf tori of Clelia curves}

\begin{figure}[!htb]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.31\textwidth]{127-Figure8a1_Zamboj} \hspace{1pt} \includegraphics[width=0.31\textwidth]{127-Figure8b1_Zamboj} \hspace{1pt}\includegraphics[width=0.31\textwidth]{127-Figure8c1_Zamboj}\\
\includegraphics[width=0.31\textwidth]{127-Figure8a2_Zamboj} \hspace{1pt} \includegraphics[width=0.31\textwidth]{127-Figure8b2_Zamboj} \hspace{1pt}\includegraphics[width=0.31\textwidth]{127-Figure8c2_Zamboj}
\caption{(Up) Conjugated images of the Hopf tori generated by the Clelia curves for $s=0.5$ (Left), $s=1$ Viviani curve (Center), $s=2$ (Right). Highlighted is a point (blue) on the Clelia curve (black), conjugated images of its fiber (red) and conjugated images of the Hopf torus (green). (Down) Stereographic image of a fiber (purple) and Hopf torus (gray).\\
Interactive model available at \texttt{https://www.geogebra.org/m/sbf4xadp}}
\label{fig:clelia}
\end{figure}

The Hopf fibration is a mapping between a 3-sphere and a 2-sphere. In particular, it sends a point $$\displaystyle P(x_P,y_P,z_P,w_P)\in\mathbb{R}^4$$ on a 3-sphere to the point $$\displaystyle P'(2(x_Pz_P+y_Pw_P),2(-x_Pw_P+y_Pz_P),x_P^2-y_P^2-z_P^2-w_P^2)\in\mathbb{R}^3$$ on a 2-sphere. Oppositely, a point on a 2-sphere in spherical coordinates $$P'(\sin\psi_P \cos\varphi_P, \sin\psi_P\sin\varphi_P,\cos\psi_P)$$ for $\psi_P\in\langle0,\pi\rangle, \varphi_P\in\langle0,2\pi)$ corresponds to a set of points
$$c_P(\cos\frac{\psi_P}{2}\cos(\varphi_P+\beta),\cos\frac{\psi_P}{2}\sin(\varphi_P+\beta),\sin\frac{\psi_P}{2}\cos\beta,\sin\frac{\psi_P}{2}\sin\beta)$$
for $\beta\in \langle0,2\pi)$, which forms a great circle (fiber) on a 3-sphere. If $P'$ lies on a closed curve on the 2-sphere, its corresponding Hopf fibers form a Hopf torus on the 3-sphere. For the visualization of Hopf tori, it is convenient to use the stereographic projection that preserves circles. This way we can construct and study tori on the 3-sphere in the 4-space given by a curve on the 2-sphere in the 3-space, and vice-versa.

For the sake of visualization in the double orthogonal projection, we perform several adjustments. First, we swap the reference axes $y$ and $z$, and hence the 3-spaces of projection will be $\Xi(x,y,z)$ (upper) and $\Omega(x,z,w)$ (lower)  with the common plane $\pi(x,z)$.\footnote{This choice reflects the possibility of a definition of the Hopf fibration in the complex number plane, and so the common plane $\pi(x,z)$ corresponds to the real parts of coordinates $(x+\i y, z+\i w)$ of points.} To avoid overlapping of the conjugated images, we translate the center of the abovementioned unit 3-sphere from the origin to the point $(0,1,0,1)$. The preimage 3-sphere and the image 2-sphere are not strictly related in the definition of the Hopf fibration, and topologists often describe them as separated objects. However, in our interpretation, the 2-sphere is chosen to be the equatorial section of the 3-sphere with the 3-space parallel to $\Omega(x,z,w)$, so its $\Xi$-image is in the true shape. Consequently, points of the 3-sphere are stereographically projected from the center $(0,2,0,1)$ to the 3-space $\Omega(x,z,w)$. A synthetic construction of the Hopf fiber of any point on the 2-sphere and a Hopf torus of a circle on a 2-sphere and their stereographic images in this setting are described in \cite{Zamboj2020b}.

We extend these results and highlight interactive possibilities for the so-called Clelia curves given parametrically on the (translated) 2-sphere in the form $$k(\psi)=(\sin(s\psi)\cos\psi, \sin(s\psi)\sin\psi+1,\cos(s\psi)),$$ where $s\in\mathbb{R}$ defines the specific curve, for $\psi\in I\subset\mathbb{R}$ (see \cite{Goemans2016} for details and further generalizations). Conjugated images and stereographic projections of the Hopf tori corresponding to the Clelia curves for $s=\frac{1}{2}, 1,$ and $2$ are visualized in Figure~\ref{fig:clelia}. In the interactive model, the user can choose the parameter $s$ of the curve and change the corresponding Hopf torus, and also move with a point~$P$ on $k(\psi)$ and its corresponding fiber on the 3-sphere by manipulating the parameter~$\psi$. An example of a simple straightforward observation is, that a point, in which the curve on the 2-sphere intersects itself, becomes a circle (or line) in which the torus on the 3-sphere intersects itself.

\section{Conclusion}
The combination of the double orthogonal projection and stereographic projection is an accessible tool for the investigation of a 3-sphere in the 3-space. The simplicity of the synthetic construction of the stereographic image of a point and the use of interactive 3-D modeling software imply that we can actually draw sketches and shapes on the 3-sphere embedded in the 4-space. We have also shown a construction of the well-known relationship between the stereographic projection and the spherical inversion. Our results were applied to the construction of Hopf tori on a 3-sphere generated by Clelia curves on a 2-sphere. The visualizations were presented on interactive 3-D models, which are easily extendible for further theoretical and practical applications in various software.

\bibliographystyle{spmpsci}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


The Scramble Golf Tournament at Battlefield Golf Club is a 4 Person Team Event on Saturday, May 9, 2015 and a 0800 shotgun start.
Format: Each Person will hit their tee shot and then choose the best one. The other tee shots may be picked up and placed at this point. This format will continue until the ball is holed out. Par is the max you can take for each hole. Seniors 60 and up play from the Gold, Ladies play from the red, all others will play from the white tees.
Limited number of teams so call 757-482-4779 quickly to reserve your spot.
Refreshments provided upon completion of play.


text:
Die Sendeanlage Grödnerjoch (auch Sender Wolkenstein) ist ein Füllsender der Rundfunk-Anstalt Südtirol am Grödner Joch.
Versorgt wird das Grödner Tal.

Geographie
Die Sendeanlage befindet sich auf  Höhe und ist Eigentum der Rundfunk-Anstalt Südtirol. Zum Einsatz kommt ein freistehender 40 Meter hoher Mast, welcher unter anderem von Vodafone, Wind, Mediaset, RTL 102.5 und dem Zivilschutz mitgenutzt wird.

Abgestrahlte Programme

Digitalradio (DAB+)
Vom Sender Grödnerjoch werden drei verschiedene Multiplexe ausgestrahlt. Der Sender gilt als Füllsender für das Grödner Tal und umliegende Täler.

Einzelnachweise

Grodnerjoch
Wolkenstein in Gröden

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Home » The Canadian Armed Forces required to adopt a slimming diet
The Canadian Armed Forces required to adopt a slimming diet
By Teilor Stonein News
Also affected by the labor shortage, the army is in the process of recruiting.
While Canada is called upon, like others, to intensify its military deployment abroad, the difficulties of recruitment and renewal of equipment are all the more problematic, underline two senior officers of the Canadian Armed Forces ( CAF).
The Canadian Army is currently preparing to send hundreds of additional soldiers to Latvia, where NATO wants to expand a battle group in response to the war from Russia to Ukraine. In this context, Lieutenant-General Jocelyn Paul looks at his recruitment data with a hint of concern.
In 2021, it saw its forces reduced by 1,200 soldiers, as departures exceeded recruitment. And the year 2022 does not bode well. If we stay on the same trajectory, unfortunately, we can probably anticipate a decrease of 800 [military], he told The Canadian Press. This would correspond to a total reduction in troop numbers of approximately 5% in two years.
While discussions between the allies engaged in Latvia have already begun, Lieutenant-General Paul indicates that they will seriously intensify over the next year in order to determine the contribution of each country to the improvement of the force.
Among the issues discussed are the number of soldiers and the type of equipment that Canada will need to have a permanent presence in Latvia, and what #x27;he can guard in Canadian soil.
The calculations are not only based on the logistical challenges associated with rapidly deploying troops, equipment and ammunition to Europe during a war with Russia, but also the needs of the military in Canada.< /p>
"So how much gear can I afford to preposition in Latvia without impacting my training too much? at home, without affecting my ability to do domestic operations?
—Lieutenant General Jocelyn Paul
Of Wendat origin, Jocelyn Paul was the first Indigenous commander of the Canadian Army.
According to retired Brigadier-General Gaston Côté, the roots of the recruitment problem are multiple and deep and date back several years
According to him, Canada placed a lot of emphasis on deploying troops that would help train other armies. However, the removal of leaders who can contribute to training in the country has caused "an absence of role models and has harmed the establishment of an esprit de corps", mentioned Mr. Côté in an interview with the ;broadcast First the info at RDI.
In addition, the difficult replacement of certain emblematic equipment, such as F-35 planes or frigates, creates expectations which are then disappointed, which affects the morale of the troops, according to this retired officer.
< p class="e-p">To explain the recruitment difficulties, Mr. Côté also points the finger at the media. The two themes that surface most often are post-traumatic stress and sexual misconduct.
"I don't want to minimize the phenomenon of sexual misconduct, but always hitting on the same nail, it gives the perception that cruising is fun, which is not the case in the Armed Forces, I tell you. ;assures. »
— Gaston Côté, retired brigadier-general
Gaston Côté
In an attempt to address the understaffing, Lt. Gen. Jocelyn Paul says the military is looking at some long-established practices to see where it can be more effective. This includes determining if certain large-scale training exercises are necessary. We don't want to overtrain, we don't want to undertrain, argued the lieutenant general. We want to strike the right balance.
It also involves reviewing the type of equipment the military plans to deploy in the coming years and whether more automation and even artificial intelligence can reduce some of its military requirements. personnel, as part of a broader reassessment.
In the face of delays in hiring 5,900 new members by March 2023, the CAF recently indicated that people with permanent resident status could now enlist. In addition, the policy on military dress was reviewed this fall and the skirt can notably be worn by all members of the CAF.
According to Gaston Côté, these changes are almost clownish and have no meaning.
It's not the length of the hair or the color or what we put on our nails that will define a person on the skills plan, said Major André Jean, who is also the national military co-chair of the Defense Team Pride Advisory Organization, at the time.
With information from La Presse&nbsp ;canadian
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Home A manifestation of judicial independence – SLPP Lawyers
A manifestation of judicial independence – SLPP Lawyers
The Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna (SLPP) Lawyers' Association said yesterday that the Supreme Court judgment in the Contempt of Court case filed against Parliamentarian Ranjan Ramanayake is a clear manifestation of judicial independence in the country.
Association Secretary Attorney-at-Law Athula Priyadharshana de Silva said the judgment delivered by the Apex Court over the Contempt of Court case against Parliamentarian Ramanayake was unique and has helped uphold the independence of the Judiciary, as well as the Supremacy of the Law. Silva, in a statement issued yesterday, said heroes would not emerge through corrupt elements, and that those who ridicule the law and the society should not act in haste to give them the "Heroes" tag.
"The real heroes are the Judges who strove to protect the dignity and independence of the Judiciary amidst many challenges and obstacles," Silva said. He stressed that offenders who try to boost their image by making disgraceful remarks would never become heroes.
"We, as members of the legal fraternity, are of the view that the country has inherited a respected legal system lasting for over 10 decades; no one was able to put the independence of the judiciary at stake by way of pelting stones at the residences of judges or bringing amendments to Constitutional clauses," he said.
He said that attempts made by some elements to destroy the independence of the Judiciary were foiled even after judges were assassinated.
Silva added that the Executive, Legislature, and the Judiciary are the main pillars of support for a democratic system of governance.
"These institutions should be independent; the Executive or the Legislature should not needlessly interfere with the Judiciary. It is the responsibility of the Executive and the Legislature to remove any such impediments."


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Debbie Taussig Law, LLC
The law Elevated
About Debbie Taussig
Verdicts and Settlements
School Bullying of LGBT Youth
Published: 24 Apr , 2018 в 8:16 am
As if dealing with the many challenges of being a teenager were not enough, a teen who identifies as lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender may have those challenges multiplied exponentially. LGBT teens often deal with bullying in the form of harassment, threats and even real physical violence on a daily basis. Studies show that LGBT teens are twice as likely to be physically assaulted, verbally harassed or to be called names at school as compared to non-LGBT teenagers. The school bullying of LGBT youth can affect their education, their physical well-being, and their mental health. Statistics show that:
Even though the teen years are typically angst-filled, while 67 percent of non-LGBT teens say they are mostly happy, only about 37 percent of LGBT teens say they are happy.
The majority of LGBT teens who admit to being unhappy feel that would change—they would be happier—if they were to leave the town they currently reside in.
The suicide rate for LGBT teens is a staggering four times that of their heterosexual peers.
LGBT teens who suffer verbal and/or physical harassment are about two and a half times more likely to engage in self-harm than non-LGBT teens.
Substance abuse is considerably higher among LGBT teenagers, mostly due to the bullying they experience at school, and their resulting unhappiness.
The bullying experienced by many LGBT teenagers in schools across the nation can result in the inability for these teens to receive an adequate education. While non-LGBT teens typically worry most about classes, grades and tests, LGBT teens consider bullying the second-most serious problem in their lives, with the first being families who do not accept these teens for who they are. So many LGBT teens feel unsafe at school that they often miss school. Even worse, these teens feel like they have nowhere to turn, and no one they can trust to talk to about the bullying. The LGBT teens who did attempt to report bullying incidents to school staff mostly found nothing was done in response to their report.
A rash of suicides more than seven years ago triggered more widespread public discussion regarding the level of bullying faced by LGBT teens, however since that time the bullying has actually increased instead of decreasing. A 2017 report compiled by a North Carolina research firm, RTI International, tracked school bullying for a full two decades. While many adults assumed today's teens were more welcoming and accepting of LGBT teens, in fact, bullying faced by these teens has not improved at all since the early 1990's, and instead have reached unprecedented highs.
Further Reading: How to "Bully-Proof" Your Child
Victimization at school doubles, and even quadruples the likelihood an LGBT teen will attempt to take his or her own life. A 2015 National School Climate Survey found that 55 percent of LGBT youth felt unsafe in their school, and three-quarters of transgender teens felt anxiety or fear about going to school. Not only are LGBT teens much more likely to suffer bullying or harassment than non-LGBT teens, they are three times as likely to be sexually assaulted
It appears the 2016 election has made things even worse for LGBT teens—and adults. The Human Rights Campaign conducted a survey soon after the election and found that of the 50,000 students polled, a full 70 percent said they had personally witnessed bullying and harassment of LGBT students within the first 30 days after the election. Earlier in 2018, the Department of Justice and the Department of Education stated they would be abandoning Obama administration guidance which identified the best practices for schools on how their LGBT teens should be treated. By negating these guidelines, the new administration has left LGBT teens even more vulnerable to school bullying, and all the adverse effects related to that bullying.
Contact Our Boulder Personal Injury Lawyers
If your child has been the victim of bullying in school or has has been injured because of another person's negligence in Boulder, or anywhere in the state of Colorado, you need an aggressive and experienced law firm on your side. Boulder personal injury attorney Debbie Taussig has the experience and resources needed to win your case. Call today for a free initial consultation and review of your case. Call 303.442.0176 or fill out our confidential contact form.
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Personal Injury Lawyer for Queen City, TX
Request a free legal consult from a personal injury Lawyer serving Queen City, TX
Accidents reported in Queen City, TX
Queen City, TX | Accident | 15 days ago
Accident Leaves 2 Injured In accident On FM0249 198, Atlanta, Cass, TX, US
This accident, involving 2 vehicles occurred on Monday, January 3rd 2022 at approximately 9:53 pm. The driver of silver HYUNDAI (2011) was not paying attention. Injuries were reported. Weather conditions were reported as clear at the time of the accident. An officer from ATLANTA POLICE DEPARTMENT was present at the scene and recorded the information contained in this report.
Accident Leaves 2 Injured In accident On SH0043 1251, Unknown, Cass, TX, US
This accident, involving 2 vehicles occurred on Monday, December 27th 2021 at approximately 11:38 pm. The driver of blue FORD (2020) failed to yield the right of way on a private drive. Injuries were reported. Weather conditions were reported as clear at the time of the accident. An officer from DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY, STATE OF TEXAS was present at the scene and recorded the information contained in this report.
Accident Leaves 1 Injured In accident On US0059 , Atlanta, Cass, TX, US
This accident, involving 2 vehicles occurred on Friday, December 24th 2021 at approximately 5:45 pm. The driver of black MERCEDES-BENZ (2000) failed to pass to the right safely. Injuries were reported. Weather conditions were reported as clear at the time of the accident. An officer from ATLANTA POLICE DEPARTMENT was present at the scene and recorded the information contained in this report.
Queen City, TX | Accident | a month ago
Accident Leaves 1 Injured In 3 Vehicle Collision On US0059 , Atlanta, Cass, TX, US
This accident, involving 3 vehicles occurred on Thursday, December 23rd 2021 at approximately 11:56 pm. The driver of gray HYUNDAI (2015) Injuries were reported. Weather conditions were reported as clear at the time of the accident. An officer from ATLANTA POLICE DEPARTMENT was present at the scene and recorded the information contained in this report.
Accident Leaves 1 Injured In accident On FM0125 2562, Unknown, Cass, TX, US
This accident, involving 1 vehicle occurred on Sunday, December 19th 2021 at approximately 7:08 am. The driver of silver CHEVROLET (2010) failed to drive in a single lane. Injuries were reported. Weather conditions were reported as clear at the time of the accident. An officer from DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY, STATE OF TEXAS was present at the scene and recorded the information contained in this report.
This accident, involving 1 vehicle occurred on Saturday, December 18th 2021 at approximately 5:11 pm. The driver of silver TOYOTA (2012) failed to control their speed. Injuries were reported. It was reported that it was raining at the time of the accident. An officer from ATLANTA POLICE DEPARTMENT was present at the scene and recorded the information contained in this report.
Accident Leaves 1 Injured In accident On CAMERON ST 109, Atlanta, Cass, TX, US
This accident, involving 0 vehicle occurred on Sunday, December 12th 2021 at approximately 6:57 am. Injuries were reported. Weather conditions were reported as clear at the time of the accident. An officer from ATLANTA POLICE DEPARTMENT was present at the scene and recorded the information contained in this report.
Accident Leaves 1 Injured In 3 Vehicle Collision On FM0251 816, Atlanta, Cass, TX, US
This accident, involving 3 vehicles occurred on Friday, December 10th 2021 at approximately 9:48 pm. The driver of black FORD (2008) was not paying attention. Injuries were reported. Weather conditions were reported as clear at the time of the accident. An officer from ATLANTA POLICE DEPARTMENT was present at the scene and recorded the information contained in this report.
Accident Leaves 2 Injured In accident On US0059 , Unknown, Cass, TX, US
This accident, involving 0 vehicle occurred on Friday, December 3rd 2021 at approximately 11:33 pm. Injuries were reported. An officer from DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY, STATE OF TEXAS was present at the scene and recorded the information contained in this report.
Queen City, TX | Accident | 2 months ago
Accident Leaves 1 Injured In accident On US0059 378, Queen City, Cass, TX, US
This accident, involving 2 vehicles occurred on Sunday, November 28th 2021 at approximately 2:03 am. The driver of brown FORD (2018) Injuries were reported. It was reported that it was cloudy at the time of the accident. An officer from QUEEN CITY POLICE DEPARTMENT was present at the scene and recorded the information contained in this report.


Im not vegetarian but I do eat meat free a day or 2 every week. I love finding new recipes for vegetables and it is to other cuisines I like to look for inspiration. This recipe is from Ottolenghi's book Plenty and we make it pretty often here. The recipe has potatoe in it – I often substitute Butternut Squash which works just as well and better for you. It seems like it takes a while but actually it just bubbles away once you have in it the pot. Its full of good stuff and I particulary like the circulatory benefits from the ginger, paprika, and chilli. It has an extraordinary flavour- sweet, sour, warming and a nice hit of heat from the spices too..Next time I'm in London I swear I'm going to get to one of the branches to enjoy their version, as well as some of the delicious tray bakes they are famous for.
Start by making a spice mix. Dry-roast the cardamom pods and cumin and coriander seeds in a small frying pan until they begin to pop. Transfer to a pestle and mortar and add the cloves. Work to a fine powder, removing and discarding the cardamom pods once the seeds are released. Add the turmeric, paprika and cinnamon and set aside. Heat up the oil in a large heavy-based pot. Add the shallots with the mustard and fenugreek seeds, and sauté on a medium low heat for 8 minutes, or until the shallots brown. Stir in the spice mix, curry leaves, ginger and chilli and cook for a further 3 minutes. Next, add the tomatoes, vinegar, water, sugar and some salt. Bring to the boil, then leave to simmer, covered for 20 minutes.
Add the potatoes and red peppers and simmer for another 20 minutes. For the last stage, add the sweet potatoes. Make sure all the vegetables are just immersed in the sauce (add more water if needed) and continue cooking until the potatoes are tender.
Remove the lid and leave to bubble away for about 10 minutes to reduce and thicken the sauce. Serve hot, some plain yoghurt on the side is good with it.
This dish can be made ahead of time and kept for a few days – It actually gets better!


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Q: Facebook Like Shows a Negative Number The Like button on my Facebook Canvas App page is not working:
https://apps.facebook.com/bzodiac/

*

*The like button under the horoscope where it says "Love Your Horoscope?" pops up the commentbox, however, it disappears right away and the count of the button is not increased.

*If you refresh the page, the button will be grayed out as if it were "liked" already but shows "0" in count box.

*Take your mouse over the button and click on the small "X" to "unlike" - you'll see the the count is set to -1.

*No like feed was published to either the timeline or notification - nothing, during the whole process.

*If I switch to "recommend" text, it works fine.

To sum up, the like button seems to be corrupted. The funny thing is that if I switch it to "Recommend", it suddenly works as expected.
This is the markup of my like button:
<div class="fb-like" data-href="<?php echo $horoscopeFBObjectUrl; ?>" data-send="false" data-layout="button_count" data-width="450" data-show-faces="false">

The like button data-href points to this page: https://bzodiac.herokuapp.com/fbObject.php?sign=pisces pisces is replace according to your zodiac sign.

A: refer to: https://developers.facebook.com/docs/reference/plugins/like/migration/

You may need to add all the required og:tags if you have not already.

Preparing for the Migration
Facebook developers using the Like Button social plugin on their site should prepare the following when the migration takes effect:

*

*All Open Graph object pages using the Like Button social plugin
should include the fb:app_id Open Graph metatag. The Like Button
will continue to function even if a fb:app_id metatag is not
specified, but by specifying this metatag, developers would be able
to test out the migration with the Like buttons they own.

*The fb:app_id should be set to the App ID of a Facebook App
representing the particular site or product where the Open Graph
objects reside at.

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Home Tags Posts tagged with "Gothic home design"
Even though many people reject Gothic design because of its ominous look, there are some who can still see the beauty and elegance in it.
Although gothic design is not so popular, it is precisely this exclusivist character that makes many people choose it for their living rooms and, why not, even bedrooms. And even if people have misjudged this style, you have to know it's a mysterious and, why not, even a romantic way to decorate a room. Read on and you'll see how easy it is to create your own gothic design for a very interesting room!
Of course, confirming some of the already known traits of the gothic design, black is the main color. And you can use lots of it without fear of ruining any harmony of the style. Very rarely is there found any other main color than black, like dark brown, very dark blue or similar colors. Subsequently, the rest of the colors in the room have to be quite dark, and so you can choose burgundy, marsala (the color of the year), and generally any color as long as it's in dark shades and hues. Remember to avoid bright colors as much as you'd want to, although you can throw in some white to counterbalance the heavy effect of the gothic design.
One important element when creating a gothic design is the chandelier. It's the part the offers most elegance and makes a gothic room truly impressive. Although it's recommended to choose a glass and crystal one, you can certainly use your imagination and go for other versions (like wrought iron ones), but you should make sure that it continues the main idea of the entire design. Since this will brighten up the room (both chromatically and physically), you should make sure that it has a beautiful design that matches the rest of the interior decor you have chosen for your home.
See also: Why Should You Choose a Modern Japanese Home Decor?
And since we're speaking about the chandelier, there are some things you might want to find out about the lighting. Of course, the lighting should be as dim as possible to maintain the gothic appearance. For this, you can use dark colored lampshades for a special atmosphere. Also, you can use a common element like small canopies placed all around the room, which includes also the lamps, so that everything will stick to the main idea of the decor.
In a gothic design, furniture needs to be also dark and heavy. So stop thinking about IKEA products, unless you plan to paint them dark brown or black by yourself. Choose massive wooden furniture, big tables and black comfy sofas. To all these, match point and overly adorned decorations. You can choose the decorations for the furniture (closets with flowery designs on them, for instance) or you can pick sheets or rugs with intricate patterns on them. Either way, the golden rule is to be as much adorned as possible, so as to continue the idea of the design. If you respect the main ideas of the design, you should totally be able to obtain a great gothic design for any room (or all the rooms) in your home!
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The Floating Library
Dreamtigers
Books and Bookstores
Depression
Legos in the News
A Year with Rilke
Poems from the Book of Hours
October 21, 2011 by Sineokov
That Lucretius and many others did more than simply associate themselves with Epicurus — that they celebrated him as godlike in his wisdom and courage — depended not on his social credentials but upon what they took to be the saving power of his vision. The core of his vision may be traced back to a single incandescent idea: that everything that has ever existed and everything that will ever exist is put together out of indestructible building blocks, irreducibly small in size, unimaginably vast in number. The Greeks had a word for these invisible building blocks, things that, as they conceived them, could not be divided any further: atoms.
The notion of atoms, which originated in the fifth century BCE with Leucippus of Abdera his prize student Democritus, was only a dazzling speculation; there was no way to get any empirical proof and wouldn't be for more than two thousand years. Other philosophers had competing theories: the core matter of the universe, they argued, was fire or water or air or earth, or some combination of these. Others suggested that if you could perceive the smallest particle of a man, you would find an infinitesimally tiny man; and similarly for a horse, a droplet of water, or a blade of grass. Others again proposed that the intricate order in the universe was evidence of an invisible mind or spirit that carefully put the pieces together according to a preconceived plan. Democritus' conception of an infinite number of atoms that have no qualities except size, figure, and weight — particles then that are not miniature versions of what we see but rather form what we see by combining with each other in an inexhaustible variety of shapes — was a fantastically daring solution to a problem that engaged the great intellects of his world.
It took many generations to think through the implications of this solution. (We have by no means yet thought through them all.) Epicurus began his efforts to do so at the age of twelve, when to his disgust his teachers could not explain to him the meaning of chaos. Democritus' old idea of atoms seemed to him the most promising clue, and he set to work to follow it wherever it would take him. By the age of thirty-two he was ready to found a school. There, in a garden in Athens, Epicurus constructed a whole account of the universe and a philosophy of human life.
In constant motion, atoms collide with each other, Epicurus reasoned, and in certain circumstances, they form larger and larger bodies. The largest observable bodies — the sun and the moon — are made of atoms, just as are human beings and waterflies and grains of sand. There are no supercategories of matter; no hierarchy of elements. Heavenly bodies are not divine beings who shape our destiny for good or ill, nor do they move through the void under the guidance of gods: they are simply part of the natural order, enormous structures of atoms subject to the same principles of creation and destruction that govern everything that exists. And if the natural order is unimaginably vast and complex, it is nonetheless possible to understand something of its basic constitutive elements and its universal laws. Indeed, such understanding is one of human life's deepest pleasures.
This pleasure is perhaps the key to comprehending the powerful impact of Epicurus' philosophy; it was as if he unlocked for his followers an inexhaustible source of gratification hidden within Democritus' atoms. For us, the impact is rather difficult to grasp. For one thing, the pleasure seems too intellectual to reach more than a tiny number of specialist; for another, we have come to associate atoms far more with fear than with gratification. But though ancient philosophy was hardly a mass movement, Epicurus was offering something more than caviar to a handful of particle physicists. Indeed, eschewing the self-enclosed, specialized language of an inner circle of adepts, he insisted on using ordinary language, on addressing the widest circle of listeners, even on proselytizing. And the enlightenment he offered did not require sustained scientific inquiry. You did not need a detailed grasp of the actual laws of the physical universe; you needed only to comprehend that there is a hidden natural explanation for everything that alarms or eludes you. That explanation will inevitably lead you back to atoms. if you can hold on to and repeat to yourself the simplest fact of existence — atoms and void and nothing else, atoms and void and nothing else, atoms and void and nothing else — your life will change. You will no longer fear Jove's wrath, whenever you hear a peal of thunder, or suspect that someone has offended Apollo, whenever there is an outbreak of influenza. And you will be freed from a terrible affliction — what Hamlet, many centuries later, described as "the dread of something after death,/The undiscovered country from whose bourn/No traveller returns."
Against other things it is possible to obtain security, but when it comes to death we human beings all live in an unwalled city.
— Stephen Greenblatt, The Swerve: How the World Become Modern
This entry was posted in Quotes and tagged Quotes. Bookmark the permalink.
← The fanatic
On the Consolation of Medieval Manuscripts →
In all the edifice of thought, I have found no category on which to rest my head. . . .
- E. M. Cioran
Harold Bloom's Recommended Poems
Telescope :: Louise Glück
Suicide: the one truly serious philosophical problem -- Camus
October :: Louise Glück
The Rain :: J. L. Borges
Inferno, I, 32 :: J. L. Borges
The Maker (El Hacedor) :: J. L. Borges
Argumentum Ornithologicum :: J. L. Borges
'Self-knowledge'? A contradiction in terms.
. . . feast on ancient books to the lazy enchanting lap of wavelets in the Floating Library, in memoriam of Dr. Sineokov, who had drowned at just that spot in the city river. The grinding of chains, the little gallery with its orange-colored lamp shades, the plash, the water's smooth surface oiled by the moon, and, in the distance, lights flickering past in the black web of a lofty bridge . . .
- Vladimir Nabokov
Imagery Definition:… on October :: Louise Glück
029: Solitude | Spot… on You are the future, the great…
The fable that is mo… on A Clockwork Orange Resuck…
JONATHAN CHINCHEN on The Revolution will be complet…
Dee on Gods :: Vladimir Nabokov
I have at this moment so many fundamental thoughts, so many truly metaphysical things to say, that I suddenly get tired and decide not to write any more, not to think any more, but to allow the fever of speaking to make me sleepy, and with my eyes closed, like a cat, I play with everything I could have said.
- Bernardo Soares
There they are, in my own handwriting: the words that have been my prayer, evening after evening. I copied them from the books I found them in, so that they would be right in front of me, issued from my hand as if they were my own words. And now I want to write them again, kneeling here before my tablet I want to write them; for in this way I can have them with me longer than when I read them, and every word will last and have time to echo and fade away.
- R. M. Rilke


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Q: Git Visual Studio 2015 Automatic commit upon successful build I would like to automate my commits on Visual studio. However, I do not want to commit every time the files change. I want to only commit upon successful builds. So my code is always "buildable".
The main reason, I tend to forget to commit in between big changes and I always end up committing before and after adding features.

A: I believe that setting the following under PostBuild event on the project might work:
git commit -am "Succesful build at $(date -u +'%Y.%m.%d %H:%M:%S')"


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Batman Counts on Technology From Tula
By Lena Smirnova
One of Vasily Orlov's cranes in action on the set of the Batman installment "Dark Knight." Orlov says it's a miracle his company is still functioning.
They have sped on a boat alongside James Bond, chased the Dark Knight around the streets of Gotham City, watched Mr. Smith pelt golf balls at would-be assassins on a New York highway and followed John MacLane in his quest to take down a terrorist organization.
Film experts have said the gyro-stabilization cranes and camera platforms used in some of Hollywood's best-known action sequences and made by the Oscar-winning Leskov company are miraculous.
Vasily Orlov, director of the 20-person Tula-based enterprise that makes the equipment, agrees. He said it is a miracle that the company is still functioning.
"It's a wonder that we are alive, despite all that has happened in the past years," Orlov said.
He is uncertain about the company's long-term survival. Lev Evstratov, one of the inventors of the equipment and Leskov's former consultant, is also not optimistic about the fate of Russia's only producer of stabilization equipment for the film industry.
"Leskov is a marvel," Evstratov said. "There are no conditions for it to continue to exist."
Leskov appeared on the market in 2003, received a Technical Oscar in 2006 and has been struggling to stay afloat ever since.
Company representatives said they are trying to compete with a wave of cheaper film equipment from Ukraine and Belarus and have no hope of getting government support.
A Tough Playing Field
Leskov has Western and Russian partners that rent its equipment to film studios for specialized shots. But most of the company's profits are still from Western projects. Leskov's presence in Russia is minimal because the market is dominated by neighboring competitors.
"Moscow is spoiled by cheap equipment from Ukraine and Belarus," Orlov said.
Kiev-based Filmotechnic, one of Orlov's main rivals, has rental offices around the world, but its largest base is in Russia. The company is the exclusive equipment provider for all concerts in the Kremlin, and has filmed both Putin and Medvedev's inaugurations and Alla Pugacheva's Christmas gatherings, said Viktor Zhukov, head of Filmotechnic's distributor in Russia.
Zhukov said he orders equipment exclusively from Filmotechnic because of its quality and internationally recognized name. He said he is familiar with Leskov's equipment, but chooses to be loyal to his Kiev partners.
"I got married once. I married Filmotechnic," Zhukov said. "Even if there is Leskov, I won't cross that ethical boundary."
Orlov said that the Ukrainian and Belarussian competitors also hurt Leskov's business by stealing its ideas.
On the other hand, he can only charge about $500 per day on the Russian market for rental of his equipment, which is less than half of what he gets from U.S. customers.
Leskov does not have a web site and rarely participates in exhibitions because Orlov worries that competitors could take pictures of his innovative technologies and replicate them. Orlov said he saw his competitors do this regularly after Leskov showcased its products at industry events.
"There is nothing we can steal from them," Orlov said. "But they have stuff to steal from us because we put a lot of emphasis on the quality of our products."
Secrecy also helps to keep Leskov's labor costs more stable.
The company got publicity in 2006 when it won a Technical Achievement Award at the Oscars for its camera crane system. For Orlov, that just meant that he had to increase his workers' salaries. This was difficult since his payroll had already gone up to match national levels, Orlov said.
He fears losing talented engineers to defense industry companies if he cannot offer competitive salaries.
But his clandestine approach has its drawbacks. Despite its international achievements, Leskov is still fairly unknown outside of its immediate client base.
"The Russian product is not known," Evstratov said. "People in the West know that vodka is Russian. Oil too, even though there are no labels on gas stations. But not film equipment."
Leskov's competitors are advertising. Filmotechnic, which has won two Technical Achievement Awards, has a list of its credits on its web site.
The company is well known in Russia, Zhukov said.
"We don't have a note on our equipment saying that we won the Oscars, but everyone knows us," Zhukov said. "Everyone trusts our equipment. We are given permission to film in the presence of the Russian president and even film him from above."
Out of the Government's Focus
Orlov said he looked into government support programs during the media euphoria that surrounded the company's Oscar win. The Skolkovo Foundation, which offers grants to start-up technology companies, seemed to be a source of support.
Russian and foreign experts judge applicants [for support] according to how their work fits within Skolkovo's priority areas, the innovativeness of their technologies and their international experience, Sergey Kozhukhar, director of investor relations at the Skolkovo Foundation, said in an e-mail to The Moscow Times.
"These criteria are the same for all applicants, although winning significant awards, of course, can help in getting a positive decision from the experts," Kozhukhar wrote.
But Leskov failed to qualify for any government support because it was deemed to be too small, Orlov said.
"It turned out we were too small, and all the government's big proclamations from on high about supporting Russian technology producers didn't apply to us," he said.
The flood of foreign equipment into Russia is also possible because the government provides limited protection to domestic producers, Orlov said.
"The government takes no part in protecting local producers even though it beats its chest and says it wants to help develop national science and technology," Orlov said.
Orlov said he has given up on obtaining government funding and can now only depend on continued support from his partners in Los Angeles.
"They understand that if Tula doesn't get an order for the equipment now, tomorrow there will be no Tula, this whole team of specialists will disappear and a new one will not be formed," Orlov said.
Evstratov said he was optimistic about Leskov's future when the firm was first created, but the situation has only gotten worse in recent years.
"When the firm started, there was hope that things would not be this way," he said. "Back then salaries were lower and there was greater demand for more complex shots in filmmaking. We hoped that these conditions would continue to exist. They did not."
Lena Smirnova
@len_smirnov


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Why We're Never Told Why We're Attacked
Exclusive: When Western media discusses terrorism against the West, the motive is almost always left out, even when the terrorists state they are avenging longstanding Western violence in the Muslim world, reports Joe Lauria.
The Dangerous Ideology of Religion
Ideology, in the hands of true-believers, tends to reject facts in favor of some grander "truth," an especially dangerous tendency when mixed with religious conviction and certainty, as Lawrence Davidson explains.
The Limits of Jihadi Nihilism
The West has committed many sins against the Muslim world, making moral pronouncements from Washington, London or Paris ring hollow, but more and more Muslims are recognizing that the violent nihilism of jihadi terror is morally reprehensible and must be…
Turning Change into Chaos
Early U.S. presidents warned that foreign entanglements could endanger the Republic, but it turns out that modern U.S. interventions are hazardous to the rest of the world as well, achieving neither democracy nor human rights, while spreading chaos and death,…
Seeing 'Evil' Everywhere
Today's American politics sees demons everywhere from "evil" foreign leaders to excessive fears about "terrorism" while more mundane threats like crumbling roads, loss of good-paying jobs and inadequate health care get short-shrift, misplaced priorities addressed by ex-CIA official Graham E.…
Cruz Threatens to Nuke ISIS Targets
Exclusive: Republican presidential campaign rhetoric is red-hot regarding Islamic terrorism, with Sen. Cruz suggesting the use of nuclear weapons to see "if sand can glow in the dark," a threat even more troubling than Donald Trump's call to temporarily bar Muslims from entering the…
The Religious Element of Terrorism
The history of religions especially monotheistic ones such as Christianity, Judaism and Islam are rife with examples of cruelty, war and even genocide done in God's name. So should people avoid the phrase "Islamic terrorism," asks William Blum.
The Frantic Fear of Islam
The American Right and neocon activists have whipped up so much Islamophobia that this bigotry is now shaping the Republican presidential race and contributed to the arrest of a 14-year-old Texas boy who built a clock as a school project,…
Muslim Memories of West's Imperialism
Special Report: American politicians know little about history, so they lash out at people from formerly colonized Third World nations without understanding the scars that the West's repression and brutality have left on these societies, especially in the Muslim world,…
Why Many Muslims Hate the West
Exclusive: Many Americans and Westerners are baffled by the violent rage expressed by many Muslims, but the reasons for their anger are real, deriving from a "deep history" of anti-Islamic wars and colonial exploitation of the Middle East, as ex-U.S.…


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US approves anti-malaria (Chloroquine) drug to treat Coronavirus
By Olumide	 Last updated Mar 19, 2020
According to the latest update, the United States President Donald Trump in a statement with the press on Thursday has declared that chloroquine, a drug used to treat malaria and severe arthritis, has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration to test as a COVID-19 coronavirus treatment, as the number of cases nationwide continues to increase.
The Daily Beast report that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has slashed red tape so they could fast track the approval of the drug's new use, he added. It has had "very encouraging early results" in tests on COVID-19, he said, adding that the coronavirus pandemic was now a "medical war."
Trump said people would be trying the drug "literally within a few days." Almost immediately, however, the FDA cautioned a more measured approach.
COVID-19: NAFDAC orders production of Chloroquine for…
Stephan Hahn, head of the FDA, said he would not confirm a timeline but, given the drug was already approved for other usages, researchers already had information about possible side effects. He said the approval phase was done quickly but the testing phase was now getting underway.
"I want to assure you we're working as quickly as we can, I don't want to speculate about a timeline," he said, adding that the FDA was "looking at everything that's coming across our desks as possible treatment options for coronavirus."
Angela Okorie responds to Zuby Michael's claim that AMVCA is a Yoruba Award
Coronavirus Update: Federal Government to cancel all church, mosque, & social gatherings
'I have fallen in love with you a thousand times'- Chacha Eke pens a lovely message to her husband
Wizkid slams blog that called him humble for eating pounded yam
Coronavirus: Buhari's daughter quarantined after UK return


What Happens If You Misclassified a Worker?
What Are Your Payroll Tax Responsibilities?
In a previous post, we talked about the difference between independent contractors and employees. One of the biggest differences, and one that often drives intentional worker misclassification, is that employers must withhold and pay payroll taxes for employees whereas they do not for independent contractors.
Part of being a business owner is filing and paying payroll taxes for your employees. In California, the Employment Development Department, or EDD, administers these taxes. In addition to receiving tax filings and payments, the EDD also identifies and investigates potential infractions of tax law. What do you do if you develop tax problems and find yourself on the receiving end of an audit?
What Are the California Payroll Tax Penalties If I Don't Pay?
As an employer, you are obliged to file payroll tax returns and pay payroll taxes. While the obligation can feel burdensome, especially when times are tough and cash flow is slow, this is obligation that you must never delay. Substantial penalties may accrue to any employer who doesn't file correctly, leaving you in a far worse situation than before.


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Zénaïde Laetitia Julie Bonaparte, Princess of Canino and Musignano (8 July 1801 – 8 August 1854) was the elder daughter of Joseph Bonaparte and Julie Clary, and the wife of Charles Lucien Bonaparte, who was also her cousin. She joined her father in exile for several years in Bordentown, New Jersey.

Biography

When she was 14, in 1815, Napoleon offered Zénaïde in marriage to Ferdinand, the deposed king of Spain, but the offer was refused.

After the fall of her uncle Emperor Napoleon in 1815, her father moved to America and purchased "Point Breeze", an estate on the Delaware River near Bordentown, New Jersey. Zénaïde and her sister, however, stayed with their mother in Europe. They lived in Frankfurt and Brussels in 1815–1821, and then in Florence.

On 29 June 1822, in Brussels, she married her cousin Charles Lucien Bonaparte, son of her uncle Lucien. Her father Joseph had suggested the marriage to his wife when Zénaïde was only five; the idea was to carry on the Napoleonic succession (a return to power was always anticipated) by marrying his two daughters to sons of two of his brothers.

The wedding was met with surprisingly little fanfare, perhaps because Zénaïde's mother was outraged at the excessive sum of the dowry (730,000 francs, which was unreasonable considering that Lucien's villa in Rome had cost only 150,000), which had strained her resources.

Charles was an ornithologist (who named the Zenaida doves after her). They had twelve children, listed below.

Issue

Ancestry

References

Bibliography
Glover, Michael, The Peninsular War 1807–1814. London: Penguin Books, 2001.
Stroud, Patricia Tyson. The Emperor of Nature: Charles-Lucien Bonaparte and His World. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. .

External links

1801 births
1854 deaths
Zenaide Laetitia Julie Bonaparte
People from Bordentown, New Jersey
Zenaide Laetitia Julie Bonaparte
Daughters of kings


In a sermon, a Nazarene pastor condemned everyone as an oppressor.
In a self-flagellating confession, the pastor admits he is guilty of this particular evil by taking showers everyday while the natives of an area of Africa to which he went on a short term missions expedition did not have the luxury of using water in such a carefree manner.
And how is that the pastor's fault?
Neither can the Africans probably afford airline travel halfway around the globe.
However, that apparently did not prevent the pastor from engaging in such extraneous travel.
More importantly, did this pastor ever stop and think that these Africans are probably being denied the benefits of modern utilities such as an advanced sewer system as a result of the environmentalist organizations that such self-aware hipsters usually support insisting that the bushmen are more adorable in a state of perpetual primitivism?
Furthermore, even if the White man was magnanimous enough to gift these savages with the latest water distribution technology, will these backward cultures be willing to maintain it or will they get too distracted by the overwhelming compulsion to slaughter the neighboring tribe?


This business has successfully provided services to Canterbury builders, shop-fitters and investors for the past 25 years, and enjoys a reputation for providing high quality work to an appreciative market. Sales are around $600k + GST pa; GP is generally above industry standard and the return to a working owner averages $165k per annum (last 3 years). There is a strong representation of commercial work and this is NOT a "post-EQ" rebuild story.
The owner is only selling due to health considerations, and has averaged 20-30 hours per week in the last 18 months or so, approximately half of these "on the tools". Lifestyle or Growth The team of six afford the owner the luxury of a 20-30 hour working week. The business has provided him with a comfortable lifestyle for many years, but a new owner may choose to take advantage of the strong forward orders and scale the operation up. A new owner may be qualified as a painter/decorator or plasterer, but this is not essential. A new owner will need to be comfortable working within a trades and quoting environment, albeit much of the work provided by their established clients is generally not contestable.
There is a good mix of staff and subcontractors, and all staff all have Employment Agreements. The team enjoy producing good work for good clients and respect their working environment. There is a good level of experience within the team and the business is well thought of by its peers for the quality of work produced.
The owner works 50% of the time "on the tools" and the balance of the time doing quotes and managing the business. More recently the hours spent at work have been reduced as the owner addresses his health issues.
Despite a slight reduction in demand through the latter part of 2017 (possibly election related) the 2018FY is was only down about 5% on the previous year, and current demand is so strong that the business simply cannot take advantage of all the opportunities in front of it.
This business is an ideal bolt on for an existing player; or a first purchase for a tradesman wanting to work on his own account.


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Q: how to get all Overlays via KmlLayer class on google-maps-v3 not noly when someone click  i follow  this article ,and the code is :
var myLatlng = new google.maps.LatLng(40.65, -73.95);
var myOptions = {
  zoom: 12,
  center: myLatlng,
  mapTypeId: google.maps.MapTypeId.ROADMAP
}

var map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById("map_canvas"), myOptions);

var nyLayer = new google.maps.KmlLayer('http://www.searcharoo.net/SearchKml/newyork.kml',
    {suppressInfoWindows: true});
nyLayer.setMap(map);
google.maps.event.addListener(ctaLayer, 'click', function(kmlEvent) {
  var text = kmlEvent.featureData.description;
  showInDiv(text);
});

function showInDiv(text) {
  var sidediv = document.getElementById('contentWindow');
  sidediv.innerHTML = text;
}

but i want to get all Overlays  when i load the geo-rss,not only someone click ,
what should i do .
thanks

A: You need to attach an event that fires on load, however in v3, there is no load.  The map is already loaded after you created the map.
I believe just add the overlays at this point.


text:
CLB Employment Solutions Blog
Welcome to the CLB Employment Solutions blog. This is where we share information, news and views about CLB Employment Solutions and employment law in general. Feel free to get involved. We'd love to hear from you.
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Category Archives: constructive dismissal
Category "constructive dismissal"
£4.7 million award for disability discrimination
compensation, constructive dismissal, disability discrimination, Employment Appeal Tribunal, evidenceBy Martin Malone April 27, 2020
A former NatWest bank employee has been awarded a record £4.7 million for unfair dismissal and disability discrimination, with the award recently confirmed in the Employment Appeal Tribunal. The claimant, known in the tribunal proceedings as "AB" worked for NatWest (subsequently Royal Bank of Scotland plc) from 2008 until her resignation in 2014. In August…
Compensation for post-termination losses, even though lawfully expelled from partnership
breach of contract, constructive dismissal, Court of Appeal, employment status, LLPs, whistleblowingBy Martin Malone February 1, 2018
The status of professional partners in the context of employment law has exercised the courts on many occasions. Are they employees, workers, or employers or, in some cases, none of the above. Is there a difference between self-employed salaried partners and employed salaried partners? From an employment perspective, probably not. Of course, the employment rights available vary from none to most, depending on which type of employment status (if any) applies.
The same issue arises in the case of members of an LLP (or limited liability partnership), who are often referred to as partners. One such member was a solicitor who worked for Wilsons Solicitors LLP and whose claim was recently considered by the Court of Appeal.
Mr Wilson became a member of the LLP in May 2008. He held the post of managing partner, as well as being the firm's COLP (Compliance Officer for Legal Practice) and COFA (Compliance Officer for Finance and Administration).
In July 2014 the board of the LLP received a complaint of bullying made against the senior partner, Mr Nisbet. Mr Wilson investigated the complaint, reported his findings to the board and produced a report on 7 October 2014. On 21 October the board was supposed to meet to discuss the report. However, a majority of the members refused to attend the meeting. Instead, the following month, they demanded that Mr Wilson should resign. They then voted to remove him from his post. They also removed him from the posts of COLP and COFA before he was able to submit his report.
In January 2015 Mr Wilson wrote to the other members and claimed that they had repudiated the terms of the members' agreement by their actions and he accepted the repudiatory breaches. He gave one month's notice of his intention to leave the membership of the LLP on the basis that their actions had made continued membership intolerable.
A bitter feud played out in the High Court
constructive dismissal, discrimination, employment law, maternity leave, wrongful dismissalBy Martin Malone November 10, 2017
Embed from Getty ImagesOver the last few weeks the High Court has heard some astonishing evidence in the bitter wrongful dismissal claim brought by the former CEO of Signia, a wealth management company, as reported in The Independent.
High profile entrepreneur John Caudwell has frequently made the news over the last couple of decades. The founder of mobile phones retailer Phones 4U has presented himself as a forthright, no-nonsense style of businessman. According to the website Caudwell.com (owned, registered and administered by one John D Caudwell and which is currently "down for maintenance") he is a "successful entrepreneur and philanthropist" who "built an immensely successful mobile telecoms company".
Signia is a wealth management company that was jointly founded by Nathalie Dauriac and six of her Coutts Bank colleagues in 2010. Another co-founder was Mr Caudwell. The business focuses on high end wealth management. All appeared to be well until details emerged of an extraordinary dispute between Ms Dauriac and Mr Caudwell, ostensibly in connection with expenses claims amounting to some £33,000. Ms Dauriac claimed that the expenses investigation was unfair and was, in effect, trumped up to deprive her of her £12 million 49% stake in the business, which was bought out for a nominal £2.00 fee.
Giving evidence in the High Court trial Ms Dauriac says that when they set up the business in 2010, "Mr Caudwell had asked me…as a last minute condition of jointly setting up the business, to give an undertaking to him not to have children, a proposal I did not agree to".
Ms Dauriac claimed in evidence that Mr Caudwell orchestrated an "elaborate conspiracy" against her, resulting in her claim of constructive dismissal.
For its part, Signia maintained that she wrongfully claimed the expenses, that her approach to them was "brazen" and that she was "guilty of gross misconduct".
In his evidence, Mr Caudwell said that the breakdown of his business relationship with Ms Dauriac, who he considered to be a "best friend" was like suffering a "bereavement":
"Overpromoted" practice manager constructively dismissed following bullying by "brusque and blunt" doctor
breach of contract, constructive dismissal, grievances, harassment, implied terms, procedure, unfair dismissalBy Martin Malone July 10, 2017
As I have pointed out over many years. pursuing a claim for constructive unfair dismissal can be a risky course of action because, for the former employee, it brings with it the added burden of having to demonstrate that the employer's conduct was so unsatisfactory that it established a fundamental breach of a term of…
Unfair dismissal resulting from demotion to do "officey things"
constructive dismissal, unfair dismissalBy Martin Malone May 26, 2017
Zena Dickenson worked for 21 years at Easington Lane Primary School. From 2009 she was employed as the School Business Manager. She was responsible for a £1.2 million budget and she had 15 employees reporting directly to her. In 2015 it became apparent that there would be an overspend and reduced income for reasons including…
ACAS early conciliation certificate can relate to a claim where the claimant resigned after the certificate was issued
ACAS, CLB Employment Solutions, conciliation, constructive dismissal, discrimination, discrimination issues, early conciliation, Employment Appeal Tribunal, employment law, employment tribunals, newsletterBy Katharine Kelly October 4, 2016
Many employers will by now be familiar with the ACAS Early Conciliation (EC) process which was initially introduced in April 2014. The concept of Early Conciliation is that ACAS will attempt to resolve any potential claim before it is formally submitted to an Employment Tribunal – indeed it is now the case that claims must…
Exit discussions are no bar to a constructive dismissal claim
constructive dismissal, consultation, contract terms, contracts of employment, damages, High Court decisionsBy Martin Malone July 8, 2016
As you may be aware constructive dismissal occurs when an employee terminates their employment in response to their employee's treatment of them. The employee has to show that they have resigned in response to fundamental breach of contract by the employer. The Employment Rights Act essentially say that if the employee terminates their contract in…
Can a demotion amount to a breach of contract/constructive dismissal claim?
breach of contract, CLB Employment Solutions, compensation, constructive dismissal, contract terms, contracts of employment, High Court decisions, news, newsletterBy Katharine Kelly May 20, 2016
In the case of Gibbs v Leeds United Football Club Ltd [2016] EWHC 960 (QB) (28 April 2016) the matter in question concerned a contract of employment between the Claimant (Mr Gibbs) and the Respondent (Leeds United FC). The question was whether the Claimant had been constructively dismissed due to a repudiatory breach of…
can there be a finding of contributory fault following a constructive dismissal?
compensation, constructive dismissal, contributory faultBy Martin Malone April 22, 2014
In Frith Accountants Limited v Mrs J Law the relatively narrow questions for the Employment Appeal Tribunal were whether someone who has been constructively dismissed can be held to have contributed to that dismissal, whether the basic award should have been adjusted to take into account the employee's conduct and whether the assessment at 40%…
getting appeals right
appeal hearings, constructive dismissal, grievances, procedureBy Martin Malone October 30, 2013
In Blackburn v Aldi Stores Ltd the Employment Appeal Tribunal looked at whether a failure to provide an adequate appeal in a grievance procedure could amount to a breach of mutual trust and confidence and thus a constructive dismissal, and concluded that it could. Mr David Blackburn commenced work with Aldi in 2006 as a…


Babson College Beaver Athletics - Babson Park, Massachusetts.
Clark U. Cougars Athletics - Worcester, Massachusetts.
MIT "Engineers" Athletics - Cambridge, Massachusetts. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Mount Holyoke College Lyons Athletics - South Hadley, Massachusetts.
New England Women's & Men's Athletic Conference Sports - NCAA DIII.
Smith College Pioneer Athletics - Northampton, Massachusetts.
Springfield College "Pride" Athletics - Springfield, Massachusetts.
United States Coast Guard Academy Bears Athletics - New London, Connecticut.
Wellesley College "Blue" Athletics - Wellesley, Massachusetts.
Wheaton College Lyons Athletics - Norton, Massachusetts.
Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) "Engineers" Athletics - Worcester, Massachusetts.


After the death of his 38-year-old brother, Pastor Nathaniel had an experience that changed his life. This is one of the most powerful sermons that you will ever hear.
So many things in life cause us to ask WHY? Pastor Nathaniel gives you a new look on the question of Why?


text:
Why Can't We Be Friends?
"We really believed in our hearts" one of President Roosevelt's advisors later recalled, "that this was the dawn of the new day we had been praying for and talking about for so many years."
As World War II ended, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill looked to what he optimistically hoped would be "the broad sunlight of victorious peace." For America a victorious peace meant a world in which democracy could thrive under American leadership. "We really believed in our hearts" one of President Roosevelt's advisors later recalled, "that this was the dawn of the new day we had been praying for and talking about for so many years."
Unfortunately, these hopes were quickly dashed. The United States and the Soviet Union did not remain allies. Almost before the last Nazi guns were silenced in 1945, a rift developed between the former wartime partners. For the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, a victorious peace meant increased Russian power and a chance to safeguard the USSR from American influence. Given their conflicting views of the future, the United States and the Soviet Union became rival superpowers in a period known as the Cold War.
The Cold War marked the continuation of differences deeply engrained in America's and Russia's geographic and historic experiences. Protected by two oceans, the United States took its security for granted. In contrast, Russia occupied a vast land unprotected by oceans, mountains, or rivers.
Russia's enormous size and lack of geographic barriers have made it vulnerable to invaders. During the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, Mongols from the East swept across Russia. In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte's Grand Army invaded Russia and briefly captured Moscow. Less than a century later, Japan attacked and invaded territories in eastern Russia. And Germany invaded Russia twice during the first half of the twentieth century.
Unlike the United States, Russia did not take its security for granted. Both the Russian czars and the Communist rulers turned to centralized power to hold their far-flung empire together and protect it from outside enemies. As a result, Russia never developed a democratic society based upon the rule of law. Instead, Russia became what the Lithuanian writer Kristina Sabaliauskaite calls, "a pyramid of power, enforced with violence, subjugating its people into blind obedience."
Vladimir Putin is following Russia's traditional assertive policy of international relations. Convinced that might makes right, Putin views moral principles and mutual goodwill as signs of weakness that can and should be exploited. Sabaliuskaite reminds her readers that in Putin's world view there is no rule of law. Instead, "the world is just a cake to be sliced by those who happen to hold a knife."
Rebekah Koffler shares Sabaliuskaite's sense of growing peril. Koffler is a Russian-born U.S. intelligence expert. She opens her book, Putin's Playbook, with this blunt warning: "Misunderstanding of Russia and its president, Vladimir Putin, is dangerous." Putin does not share the American vision of a "new world order" based upon democratic principles and free enterprise. A brutal and treacherous autocrat, Putin invaded Ukraine as part of his long-term strategy to restore the power and prestige Russia lost following the fall of the Soviet Union. Koeffler concludes her opening chapter with this forceful statement: "We cannot – ever – be friends."
FOR FURTHER DISCUSSION AND WRITING
Compare and contrast how geography has influenced America's and Russia's view of the outside world.
Is Vladimir Putin a departure or continuation of Russia's approach to foreign policy.
"We cannot – ever – be friends." Do you agree or disagree with Koffler's conclusion? Explain your answer.
This Commentary drew upon insights from the following sources: American Foreign Policy Since World War II by John Spanier; Putin's Playbook by Rebekah Koffler; and "We saw this coming: For Russia's neighbors, Putin's brutal invasion comes as no surprise," by Kristina Sabaliauskaite.
Larry Krieger
Author · Instructor
In a career spanning more than 40 years, Larry Krieger taught a variety of AP subjects including Art History, U. S. History, European History, and American Government. Mr. Krieger has published popular books that have enabled students across the country to be confident in their abilities when facing AP and SAT exams.
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