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Armoured spearhead repelled-Prokhorovka 1943
Nick and I realised that this year was the 70th anniversary of the battle at Prokhorovka, around Kursk, on 12 July1943. So we decided that we'd try a 20mm Spearhead battle to mark the anniversary. Nick was itching to field as many vehicles as possible, and in his enthusiasm he misunderstood my suggestion that we both use Armoured Division lists, and took a 500 point list composed entirely of tanks.
Realising his error, I did suggest that he amend his list, but he decided to try it out anyway. So here we were, looking for a narrative that might explain the situation .. here goes.
The plains around Prokhorovka appear to be empty - the view looking south.
A solitary German armoured battalion has pushed ahead of its supporting infantry, hoping to exploit the apparent emptiness of the landscape to take and hold the vital river crossings. Glory must have been the agenda for the day.
An under-strength Panther battalion takes up position commanding one of the vital river crossings.
As with so many other facets of this gargantuan battle around the Kursk salient, the Russian army knows what is happening, and pushes forces forward to counter the German armoured thrust. An infantry regiment pushes forward and takes the river line, while an armoured regiment with motorised infantry cross attached positions itself for a sweeping thrust around the southern flank of the German armoured commander.
One of the two cross attached regimental groups pushes ahead undisturbed, moving into position for the intended flank attack.
The regimental commander in BA32 follows closely behind the three platoons of T34s, the lighter BT7s have pushed ahead to provide a reconnaissance screen
The other cross attached armoured battalion takes up a reserve position
The German battalion commander's calls to Regiment have yielded the release of a second armoured battalion, with two of the precious platoons of Tiger 1 tanks in support. But where is the infantry that he desperately needs?
The newly arrived armoured battalion takes up a position on the commanding high ground in the centre.
The Russian left flanking armoured group arrives at its initial positions, with timed orders to move off after a brief stop.
The Russian commander at this stage committed his reserve, manouvring against the German armour in the centre.
The armour swings around to the west of a small village, while the infantry pushes out towards the high ground and the waiting German armour.
Screaming Katyusha rockets fall from the sky, but the German armour emerges unscathed.
With the benefit of smoke from battalion mortars, the infantry advances against the unsupported tanks.
The Russian reserve armour takes up hull down positions on the flank of the German armour but ..
The first round of fire from the Russian went almost unanswered as all but one of the Russian tank platoons was well behind their flank, but the flurry of shooting gave no result. Clearly the Russian tank gunners were over-excited. One platoon of T34s is suppressed.
The German armour manouvres to respond to the flank threat.
A Tiger platoon is suppressed.. but shakes off the suppression.
The southern flanking battalion receives a new order to move off immediately rather than wait in accordance with the initial battle plan, and begins to move behind the centre German armour. However at this stage the German commander also begins to redeploy the Panther battalion to meet the Russian armoured threat.
The advancing Russian infantry begin to attack the German armour in the centre and the first platoon of PzkwIVs is destroyed with infantry anti-tank weapons.
Another of the PzkwIV platoons is suppressed and then destroyed by the Russian armour hull down on the flank.
The southern flanking Russian armour can be seen at the top of the picture.
The German armour in the centre is flanked on two sides with the hordes of advancing Russian infantry. Russian 76mm artillery guns have been pounding the hill for some time creating nothing more than plenty of dust.
And more armour is destroyed by the infantry.
The two Tiger platoons have finally manouvred to meet the flank threat.
And the first T34 platoon is destroyed with the crash of the huge 88mm tank guns.
A second Katyusha strike hits the armour..
and a StuG platoon from the AT company is destroyed by the Russian infantry.
The Russian infantry have proved unstoppable for the unsupported German armour. The Russian forces hold 4 of the 5 objectives, and the German armour in the centre has failed its morale check and must withdraw.
The German commander curses the inability of his superiors to provide him with the infantry support that he needed, withdraws from the area, and the bridges are lost.
It was quite a learning experience for Nick I think... unsupported armour is so vulnerable. Next time he'll take a more balanced force I suspect
Well played, Nick!!!
Labels: after action reports, world war 2, WW2 spearhead


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New No. 1 1B Prospect In Baseball Emerges For 2023
Dave Litman January 19, 2023 Boston Red Sox
MLB Pipeline is getting set to release its new Top 100 Prospects list, fresh for the 2023 season. And sitting atop the ladder at first base is Boston Red Sox slugging machine Triston Casas.
Triston Casas has been ranked as the #1 1B prospect in all of baseball, per @MLBPipeline.
Seems like they were impressed by his 120 wRC+ in his first 27 big league games.
Also… Niko Kavadas came in at #10 on this list. 👀 pic.twitter.com/fdnqEtqJkq
— Tyler Milliken ⚾ (@tylermilliken_) January 19, 2023
At 6'4", 252 pounds, Casas packs a real power punch at the plate, and five of his 15 hits with the Red Sox in a quick 95 plate appearance trial in 2022 left the yard. He has an .858 OPS in the minors, with a .374 on-base and a .485 slugging percentage.
MLB Pipeline calls Casas "the most well-rounded first-base prospect in the game today. He should hit for both average and power, and even on days when he doesn't do that, he can still impact the game defensively... Now that he's 23 and Major League-ready, Casas' power should pop at Fenway this year, just in time to lock in his place as Boston's long-term cornerstone at first."
Yes, safe to say that the Red Sox won't miss the departed Eric Hosmer too much.
But, just to prove that the new lofty honor hasn't spoiled him, Casas is just going about his business as usual these days...
Airports gotta be delaying flights on purpose just so you go to the convenience store n spend 3 work days pay on a bag of Swedish fish
— Triston Casas (@mvptc37) January 19, 2023
Is there a more unsafe form of advertisement than billboards…. Literally encouraging ppl to take there eyes off the road and read…. *tweets while driving in the car *
Funny guy. And a pretty good ballplayer.
Photo: Allan Jung/Telegram & Gazette / USA TODAY NETWORK

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


If this is successful, the research could result in better prosthetic movements and also provide instant electrical power for soldiers and others through the simple act of walking.
Pradeep Sharma, a UH mechanical engineering professor, is leading the team to create a "piezoelectric on steroids." Piezoelectricity is the ability of some materials to generate an electric charge when placed under stress. Piezoelectrics are already involved for example in making an airbag deploy or a lighter producing a flame.
Although piezoelectrics are naturally occurring, they have their limits. If an application requires a level of energy conversion not found in a naturally occurring piezoelectric, a composite consisting of piezoelectrics and non-piezoelectrics must be made. Sharma and his team are creating piezoelectrics from man-made materials that have no piezoelectric property.
The highly customizable piezoelectrics could enable the creation of prosthetics that come closer to offering both the flexibility and the strength of real limbs. Current prosthetic limbs face challenges in range and movement by the two types of naturally occurring piezoelectrics, ceramic and polymer.


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Top 10 safest countries in Africa to visit
Author: Venic Nyanchama
Category: Facts and Life Hacks, Travel
Whenever anyone mentions the terms Africa, travel and safety in one sentence, many get puzzled. It seems like two ends of one long rope because the media has for a long period depicted the African continent as one that is not so safe. The airwaves are ruled by expressions like carjacking, muggings, petty theft, robberies, pick-pocketing, and terrorism just to mention a few. This is not the case for all African countries. Do you know the safest countries in Africa?
Image: unsplash.com
Whenever anyone is travelling to any foreign land, there is a likelihood of portraying uncertainty and wariness. This is felt more so when one is touring developing countries in Africa where a majority of the citizens in these countries live under the poverty line. However, it would be sad for anyone to let these fears and uncertainties hinder one from exploring these places. Here are some of the safest countries that you need to visit in Africa.
1. Botswana
Botswana became one of the safest countries in Africa right after they attained independence from the British colony. Ever since, Botswana has gained and maintained a steady democracy. This enabled it to achieve a strong judicial system that plays a huge role in protecting the rights and freedom of individuals. The country's safety can also be attributed to a number of factors such as political stability, good infrastructure and a stable currency.
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2. Ethiopia
In the 1980's Ethiopia suffered a massive blow due to the terrible famine that the country experienced. However, since then, Ethiopia has come a long way in attaining not only food security but also individual safety. The governing system of the country has ensured that the safety of the country is not compromised.
3. Morocco
Morocco has been known as one of the most stable countries in Africa. Actually, in the Northern region of Africa, it is the only country on the list of Africa's safest countries. Good governance and effective community policies are some of the things that have ensured steadfast safety.
4. Cote D'Ivoire
Another safe country in Africa is Cote D'Ivoire. Although the nation is surrounded by others that are facing instability and insecurities, this has not affected it. It has strongly stood out among them by maintaining safety throughout the year. The country prides itself in good governance, and well- kept policies.
5. Malawi
Malawi has been rated as an unsafe country for quite some time mainly due to political, social and economic instability it had been experiencing. The main causes behind this was the political disagreements, a staggering economy among others. However, quite a lot has changed now as the economic stability of the state has rendered Malawi one of the safe countries in Africa.
READ ALSO: Top 20 most developed countries in Africa
6. Rwanda
After the genocide that took place in Rwanda several years ago, many people were afraid of that country. The genocide period was not only the darkest moment in Africa but also to the entire world at large. However, throughout the years, Rwanda has continued to gain safety slowly but steadily. Currently, Rwanda is ranked as a secure nation due to its improved security and unswerving peace.
7. Namibia
Namibia borders Botswana and similarly, it is another secure country in Africa. This makes you tend to think that a majority of the secure countries are concentrated in the southern region. Although the state has been among the unsecured nations for a long time, things have changed. Good governance and political stability have aided in making Namibia a peaceful haven.
8. Gambia
One of the safest countries in Africa is Gambia. It is a very small country bordering Gambia River hence many people tend to overlook it. People from Gambia are friendly and welcoming thus making the nation quite secure. The governing system in Gambia makes the country maintain so much safety that you can walk out late at night.
9. Seychelles
Many people are not aware that the picturesque Indian Ocean Island belongs to Africa and it is one of the secure countries. The country is well-run, and this makes it popularly known as a peaceful place. The country prides itself in strong adherence to all human rights and freedom, a well-organised legal structure as well as the maintenance of a cordial relationship between the government and its citizens.
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10. Tanzania
From the eastern region of Africa, the only country that has made it to the list of top 10 safest countries is Tanzania. The greatest source of safety in Tanzania is derived from the mentality of 'ujamaa'. This Swahili term means communism that guides its citizens in taking care and showing concern for one another.
Although there may be some unsafe countries in Africa, it would be a great shame and needless to put off the entire continent from your bucket list of places you want to travel to. If you want to experience and observe unique phenomena and beauty in a risk-free location, the safest countries in Africa given above is a good place to start.
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How to Blur Moving Objects in Videos Atomi Systems Inc.
Blur is a simple and free application to blur your pictures using: - change focus - tilt-effect - use custom blur to hide what you want.
Paint Over to Add the Blur Effect Now paint over the area you want to blur. Use the Amount slider to blur this part of an image and control the effect strength.


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CNET Prizefight (HD)
by CNETTV (stephen.beacham@cbsi.com) · · · · 14 subscribers
It's the ultimate face-off between tech's top dogs in this 5 round, winner take all bout. Watch every blow-by-blow where you'll find the hottest cell phones, digital audio players, cameras and more battling it out for Prizefight Supremacy.
Prizefight: Apple HomePod vs. Google Home Max Feb. 16, 2018
It's Apple's HomePod vs. the Google Home Max. Who's got the sound and smarts to reign supreme? It's a Prizefight punch-out for smart speaker supremacy.
Tags: prizefight, cnet, technology/gadgets, tong, review, gadgets, brian, tech, battle, news, technology, champion
Google Home vs. Amazon Echo -- 6 months later May 23, 2017
The gap has closed between the Google Home and the Amazon Echo for voice assistant supremacy just 6 months after the Home's release. Which will be crowned the Prizefight champion?
Samsung Galaxy S8 vs. Apple iPhone 7 May 16, 2017
Sure, it's Samsung's new kid on the block versus Apple's iPhone 7, but will it show how much ground Apple's next iPhone has to make up?
Apple's AirPods vs. Bragi's The Headphone March 6, 2017
Two completely wireless earbuds go head-to-head. It's Apple's AirPods versus Bragi's The Headphone. Who brings the best tech to the table.
AirPods vs. BeatsX Feb. 18, 2017
It's a Prizefight Punchout between two of Apple's best wireless ear buds. Do the BeatsX have what it takes to beat down Apple's popular but polarizing AirPods?
PS4 Pro vs. Xbox One S Nov. 21, 2016
It's the battle of the 4K consoles! Sony's new PS4 Pro versus Microsoft's Xbox One S! Is it worth upgrading? Or which one would you pick if you don't own either? Let's get it on!
Google Pixel XL vs. iPhone 7 Plus Oct. 22, 2016
It's a battle for smartphone supremacy between Google's first ever phone and the incumbent Apple iPhone. It's the Pixel XL versus the iPhone 7 Plus! Let's get it on.
Sling TV vs. PlayStation Vue: 1 year later June 22, 2016
It's a Prizefight punchout between the top two TV streaming subscription services. It's Sling TV versus PlayStation Vue. Which one's improved? What has changed? And who will reign supreme?
Oculus Rift vs. HTC Vive May 10, 2016
It's the first-ever virtual-reality headset Prizefight, where the rules have changed and anything is possible. It's the Oculus Rift versus the HTC Vive! Let's get it on!
Camera comparison: The Galaxy S7 Edge vs. the iPhone 6S Plus April 21, 2016
Samsung's Galaxy S7 Edge goes head to head against Apple's iPhone 6S Plus in a series of five camera challenges.


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Tupac Shakur Mother Afeni Davis Dead At 69
By Soje Leslie On: May 3, 2016 11:03 AM
The late rap legend Tupac Shakur's mother has died. Multiple reports confirmed on Tuesday morning that Afeni Shakur Davis died from a possible heart attack.
Police responded to a 911 call from her home in Sausalito, CA on Monday night. The caller says that she was having a cardiac arrest. Paramedics transported her to a local hospital where she was pronounced dead at 10:28 PM, TMZ reported.
Afeni Shakur is former Black Panther activist and a philanthropist. She founded and ran the Tupac Amaru Shakur Foundation following the rapper's untimely death in 1996. Tupac's murder is still an unsolved crime.
Sad news about Pacs mom #AfeniShakur RIP Dear Mama learned a lot about being a women from watching you… ??? pic.twitter.com/MMTxwYhrxI
— Pepa (@DaRealPepa) May 3, 2016
Her death came during the time when the Tupac biopic All Eyez on Me is close to being completed. She also ran the rap icon's estate and was the one who gave the documentary the greenlight.
If you're a fan of Tupac then you would have known that he has an undying love for his mother and even dedicated a song, "Dear Mama," to her.
The Tupac biopic will be premiered sometime this year in Theaters.
2016 is official a curse year.
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Nidahas Trophy, India vs Bangladesh: Team India Report Card
It was a game that India need to win to book a comfortable place in the final of the Nidahas Trophy. And skipper Rohit Sharma led from the front as he hit 89 to help India post 176/3 in their 20 overs. Coming in to bowl, young Washington Sundar stole the show as he finished with figures of 3/22 as India won the game by 17 runs to book their place in the final of the tri-nation series at the R Premadasa Stadium in Colombo on Wednesday.
Cricketnext takes a look at the performance of each and every Indian player from the game –
Shikhar Dhawan: Rating 6: Verdict: Good
India opener Shikhar Dhawan continued his good run of form in the series as he hit yet another masterful innings against Bangladesh. The southpaw stitched together a 70-run stand with Rohit Sharma to give the Men in Blue a perfect start in the match. But Dhawan couldn't convert his start into a big innings as he was dismissed for 35 (27 deliveries) by Rubel Hossain. The southpaw's innings included five boundaries and one huge six, at a more than healthy strike rate of 129.6.
Rohit Sharma: Rating 9: Verdict: Very Good
These is a saying in cricket – whenever India opener is on song, he is arguably one of the best hitters in the game and Wednesday's match was the perfect example of it. Rohit Sharma roared back to form in stunning style as he tore apart the Bangladesh bowling line-up with astounding ease. Rohit slammed 89 off 61 deliveries and put together good partnerships with Dhawan and Suresh Raina to guide India to a more than competitive score in the match. The only negative aspect of Rohit's innings was that he couldn't get over the 100-run mark.
Suresh Raina: Rating 7: Verdict: Good
This innings from Suresh Raina reminded the world what he is capable of and gave a glimpse of how destructive the southpaw can be in the shortest format of the game. Raina turned back the clock in stunning style as he bludgeoned 47 runs off just 30 deliveries, an innings which included five fours and two glorious sixes. Raina also put together a century stand with Skipper Rohit to guide India to the score that they eventually did.
Dinesh Karthik: Rating NA: Verdict: NA
Dinesh Karthik had nothing to do with the bat as he could just face two deliveries in the innings. And with the glouves in hand, he was as safe as ever behind the stumps.
Manish Pandey and KL Rahul: Rating NA: Verdict: NA
The duo didn't get a chance to bat at all in the match.
Washington Sundar: Rating 9: Verdict: Very Good
Washington Sundar put on stunning display with the ball and had it not been the genius of Rohit, the spinner would have been awarded the man of the match. Washington wrecked the Bangladesh top-order and accounted for wickets of Tamim Iqbal, Liton Das and Soumya Sarkar. Moreover, he gave away just 21 runs in his designated four overs to guide India to a good win.
Vijay Shankar: Rating 5: Verdict: Average
All-rounder Vijay Shankar didn't get a chance to bat in the match and with the ball in hand he went wicket-less. Shankar bowled is full quota of four overs and gave away 28 runs at an economy rate of 7. Although, he conceded just two boundaries off 24 delivering, he wasn't able to flow of runs as the batsmen took singles and doubles very easily.
Shardul Thakur: Rating 5: Verdict: Average
Shardul Thakur has had a very topsy turvy series and after the high of the match on Monday, comes this rather average performance on Wednesday. In his four overs, Shardul scalped just one wicket and gave away 37 runs at an economy rate of more than nine. Also, he conceded four boundaries and one six as well. Line and length sometime become a cause of concern for the India pacer.
Mohammed Siraj: Rating 4: Verdict: Average
Pacer Mohammed Siraj got a rare outing with the Indian team as replaced Jaydev Unadkat in the playing XI but he didn't have the best of games donning the blue of India. Siraj scored a fifty but with the ball in his hand in his quota of four overs and was one of the main reasons why Bangladesh got close to the target. Siraj picked one wicket but that didn't help India much as by then, the Men in Blue we're already within winning distance.
Yuzvendra Chahal: Rating 6: Verdict: Good
Over the past couple of years, Yuzvendra Chahal has made a habit of picking wickets at the right moment and more often than not, he proves to be very economical as well. Chahal picked the wicket of the dangerous Mahmudullah and gave away just 21 runs in his designated four overs and was easily one of the pick of the Indian bowlers on the night.
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Former NFL star Aaron Hernandez has been sentenced to life in prison without parole for the first-degree murder of a semi-pro football player two years ago.
The sentencing in a Massachusetts court after a four-month trial cements a spectacular fall from grace for the 25-year-old Hernandez, who once had a $52 million, five-year contract with the New England Patriots.
The victim, Odin Lloyd, was a 27-year-old semi-pro football player whose bloodied body was found in North Attleboro, Massachusetts on June 17, 2013, less than a mile from Hernandez's luxury home.
Lloyd had been dating the sister of Hernandez's fiancee.
Hernandez glanced to the side and pursed his lips after the jury pronounced the first-degree murder conviction. His mother and fiancee sobbed in the gallery.
Dressed in a sharp suit and tie, he sat down as the jury convicted him on two separate gun and ammunition charges.
The 12-person jury had taken seven days to reach the unanimous verdict. The murder charge carried a mandatory life sentence, imposed shortly after his conviction.
Hernandez also faces murder charges for the drive-by shooting of two men in Boston in 2012.
The Patriots dropped Hernandez just hours after his arrest on June 26, 2013, nine days after Lloyd was found dead.


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Home Sports Who Is Roquan Smith? His Height, Weight, Body Stats, Family
Who Is Roquan Smith? His Height, Weight, Body Stats, Family
For the 2018 NFL Draft, a number of exceptional players have been drafted, whose dream of playing in the NFL has finally come true. One of them is Roquan Smith, a former 4-star recruit and the youngest recipient of the Butkus Award. He played college football at the Univesity of Georgia, where his athletic qualities are first class and were drafted by the Chicago Bears. Although his professional debut is yet to come, he is already considered one of the best defensive novices in the game and has what it takes to be a pro-bowl talent.
Who Is Roquan Smith?
Roquan Smith is the eighth overall Chicago Bears selection in the first round of the 2018 NFL Draft and is one of the top recruits of high school linebackers in the nation.
The Chicago Bears' draft kicker was born on April 8, 1997, in Montezuma, Georgia, USA. He played soccer at Macon County High School in Montezuma, where he was an outstanding player, which led to universities like UCLA and Georgia taking notice of him and bringing him in. He was awarded a scholarship from UCLA and initially pledged to play for the Bruins on the day the contract was signed, but canceled when former Bruins defensive coordinator Jeff Ulbrich took a job with the Atlanta Falcons the day after the contract was signed and decided instead to pitch his tent at the University of Georgia's Bulldogs.
A true rookie, Roquan appeared in 12 games, scored 20 tackles, and 95 in his second year, starting 10 0f 13 games. In his penultimate year, 2017, Roquan improved his game considerably when he was named Southeastern Conference (SEC) Defensive Player of the Year by the Associated Press after leading Georgia in tackles (112) and sacks (5½), and acting as a catalyst to ensure the Bulldog won the SEC championship match for the first time in 12 years.
The economics graduate was due to graduate in December 2018 but decided to go pro by entering the 2018 NFL Draft, losing his final year of qualifying, but not without setting the record as one of the most successful and distinguished defenders in modern history, with elite sporting qualities.
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He was named MVP of the SEC championship game and played with the Georgia Bulldogs in the 2017 national championship game of the College Football Playoffs (CFP). The linebacker also won the Butkus Award, which is given to the best linebackers in the country. He was also the first Georgia Bulldog to win this award since its inception in 1985.
Because he's made of the stuff champions are made of, he was selected in the first round and in April 2018 the Chicago Bears placed him eighth in the overall standings. An effective linebacker with elite athletic skills, plus intelligence and the ability to be an effective cover linebacker on pass downs, but his full potential has yet to be realized.
Roquan Smith Family
Roquan, affectionately known as Quan by his family, was born to his loving parents, Roderick Smith and Shaquana Thomas, in their close-knit community of Montezuma, Macon County. His father was a construction worker in Macon, an hour from his home town, while his mother worked at Fort Valley State University in Oglethorpe, a town near Montezuma.
He has three siblings, an older brother, Rod Smith, and a younger sister and younger brother, Tyanna and Omar Richards. Because of his parents' job, which took them away from home most of the day, Roquan had many other relatives during his childhood who helped him with his upbringing. These include his grandparents, Nathaniel Lamb and Betty Smith, his aunt Shaquanda Baker and many other well-meaning members of the community, including soccer coach Harold, Macon County school principal Rickey Edmond, the family's friend Roy Yoder, for whom he dug wells, and Glory Story, who he refers to as his aunt even though they are not related.
In addition, his community sees him as a worthy ambassador and is very proud of him, especially for pushing them to the national front and supporting him in every way possible, and for them, there is only one Roquan Smith.
Height, Weight, Body Stats
Roquan was praised for his excellent speed and athleticism for the linebacker's position with a side-to-side reach, as well as for his outstanding leadership skills, football intelligence, and great instincts that help him correctly diagnose where the ball is going. As a teenager, he was considered by people to be taller than children his age, but his physical attributes are not the ideal qualities for a linebacker. As a result, he struggles to get off the blocks as soon as the lineman reaches him.
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His short arms and small hands explain his difficulty in locking out and throwing big blockers and his inability to get away from some seemingly big guys, which limits his performance. Nonetheless, he has the speed and quickness that keep him from being mauled.
Anyway, here are his body statistics:
Height: 6′ 1″ (1.85 m)
Arms Length: 32″
Hands size: 10
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Over the years, observational studies suggest that people who regularly consume cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, cauliflower, brussels sprouts, cabbage, turnips, bok choy) have lower rates of many cancers, including breast and prostate cancer. Researchers have investigated cruciferous vegetables in an attempt to identify the active agent(s) that account for this cancer-protective effect. As it turns out, cruciferous vegetables are unique in that they contain sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol. Both of these natural agents enhance the body's ability to detoxify cancer-causing chemicals, but indole-3-carbinol exhibits other impressive anti-cancer effects that should be recognized.
You may not realize it, but your body creates cancer cells every day of your life (as old cells replace new ones). Under healthy conditions, the emerging cancer cells realize that something has gone array and the cell initiates a series of steps that encourage the cell to commit suicide (to prevent it from becoming a danger to the rest of the body).
However, some emerging cancer cells become very intelligent and, in their desire to survive and multiply, produce other chemicals that prevent the cell from committing suicide via programmed cell death. This is how cancer cells get traction and give themselves the opportunity to multiply like rabbits and form malignant tumors.
Via several mechanisms, indole-3-carbinol has been shown to disrupt the cancer cell's attempt to bypass programmed cell death. Experimental studies show that indole-3-carbinol and its metabolites (products made from indole-3-carbinol in the body's metabolism) not only stop the growth of certain types of cancer cells, but also trigger them into committing suicide. This is an important mechanism by which the indole-3-carbinol is thought to lower our risk of cancer.
So, in addition to speeding up the body's ability to neutralize (detoxify) and eliminate cancer-causing chemicals, indole-3-carbinol also appears to help ensure that any emerging cancer cells will commit suicide before they can become a threat to the body. Supplementation with indole-3-carbinol in human clinical studies has also reversed cervical dysplasia and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (tumor), two precancerous conditions that occur in women, in a high percentage of cases. Another study showed that indole-3-carbinol supplementation reversed respiratory papillomas as well.
In addition to all of this, indole-3-carbinol also helps prevent the buildup of the form of estrogen that is linked to breast and uterine cancers. Researchers have identified that when a woman's body makes more 16-OH estrone and less 2-OH estrone, her risk of reproductive organ cancer is greater. Indole-3-carbinol promotes the conversion estrone to 2-OH estrone, the form of estrone that is safer and less potent, and reduces the buildup of the dangerous 16-OH estrone. It's not just a woman thing, as a recent study has indicated that higher intake of cruciferous vegetables is also associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer.
As one of the most powerful and proven cancer-fighting nutrients ever identified, you may not want to leave it to chance that you will derive optimal indole-3-carbinol protection from food alone. You should consume broccoli or some combination of cruciferous vegetables at least four to five times per week. In addition, you should consider indole-3-carbinol supplementation to further optimize your cancer defenses on a daily basis.
A practical way to do this is to take a supplement that contains an additional 25 mg of indole-3-carbinol per capsule, and also includes milk thistle (which also boosts detoxification function at the cellular level) and two important immune-system boosters: reishi mushroom extract and astragalus. The reason to combine these nutrients is because your body's detoxification and immune systems work hand-in-glove to help prevent cancer.
As we get older (after age 45-50), these systems become progressively sluggish; that's when cancer incidence begins to go through the roof. I take two capsules per day of this type of immune- and detoxification-boosting formula for general well-being and health optimization. If you feel a cold coming on, you may wish to double the dosage, taking four capsules per day, to help your immune system defeat the virus before it can really take hold.
Share with your patients that indole-3-carbinol may help to reduce the risk of developing cancer and boost the detoxification and immune systems, as outlined in this review. Indole-3-carbinol is truly a powerful agent. You should strive to attain optimal levels on a daily and weekly basis.
Hecht SS. Chemoprevention of cancer by isothiocyanates, modifiers of carcinogen metabolism. J Nutr 1999;129:7688-74S.
Verhoeven DT, Goldbohm RA, van Poppel G, et al. A review of mechanisms underlying anticarcinogenicity by brassica vegetables. Chem Biol Interact 1997;103:79-129 [review].
Verhoeven DT, Goldbohm RA, van Poppel G, et al. Epidemiological studies on brassica vegetables and cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1996;5:733-48 [review].
Talaley P, Zhang Y. Chemoprotection against cancer by isothiocyanates and glucosinolates. Biochem Soc Trans 1996;24:806-10.
Maheo L, Morel F, Langouet S, et al. Inhibition of cytochromes P-450 and induction of glutathione S-transferases by sulforaphane in primary human and rat hepatocytes. Cancer Res 1997;57:3649-52.
Barcelo S, Gardiner JM, Gescher A, Chipman JK. CYP2E1-mediated mechanism of anti-genotoxicity of the broccoli constituent sulforaphane. Carcinogenesis 1996;17:277-82.
Plumb GW, Lambert N, Chambers SJ, et al. Are whole extracts and purified glucosinolates from cruciferous vegetables antioxidants?Free Radic Res 1996;25:75-86.
Dhinmi SR, Li Y, Upadhyay S, et al. Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) – induced cell growth inhibition, G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. Oncogene 2001 May 24;20(23):2927-36.
Stoewsand GS. Bioactive organosulfur phytochemicals in Brassica oleracea vegetables – a review. Food Chem Toxicol 1995;33:537-43.
Broadbent TA, Broadbent HS. The chemistry and pharmacology of indole-3-carbinol (indole-3-methanol) and 3-(methoxymethyl) indole [Part I]. Curr Med Chem 1998;5:337-52.
Broadbent TA, Broadbent HS. The chemistry and pharmacology of indole-3-carbinol (indole-3-methanol) and 3-(methoxymethyl) indole [Part II]. Curr Med Chem 1998;5:469-91.
About the Authors: Dr. James Meschino practices in Toronto. He can be contacted via his Web site, www.renaisante.com.


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