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Home / Health / The summer camp in New York has recently been affected by a measles outbreak
The summer camp in New York has recently been affected by a measles outbreak
June 17, 2019	Health 2 Views
ALBANY, NY (AP) – Fighting the worst measles outbreak in the US for 27 years has a new front: the summer camp.
This summer, vaccinations were imposed on campers and employees in several counties north of New York City, which annually fills with children from the Orthodox Jewish communities most affected by measles.
Ulster County has taken the additional step of allowing the measles vaccine or immunity detection in all-day camps and overnight camps in the area to issue immunization requirements. Rockland County announced a similar mandate this month, based on mandates from the counties of Sullivan and Orange.
"We need to make sure that our t's are crossed and ours are spotted to make sure that all of these vaccination protocols are in place and have been properly combed through to make sure everything is in line", said Rabbi Hanoch Hecht from Camp Emunah of Ulster County, where many girls from a Chabad community live in Brooklyn's Crown Heights.
"In the past we have accepted religious exceptions for certain things," said Hecht, who has his own blood tested for immunity, "now we can not."
The state of New York requires summer camps for all campers However, do not prevent children from taking part in seeking refuge No measles vaccine.
Children must receive the measles vaccine to visit New York's schools, and Governor Andrew Cuomo signed a law on Thursday removing an exemption for children whose parents are against the NHS for religious reasons.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that more than 1
,000 measles cases had been reported in the US since the beginning of the year, compared with less than 100 cases per year ten years ago. Most of these cases were diagnosed in ultra-Orthodox Jewish neighborhoods in Brooklyn and suburban Rockland County.
The CDC recommends that everyone receive the vaccine for more than one year, except for people who had the disease as children. Those who had measles are immune.
Available in the 1960s, the vaccine is considered safe and highly effective – and paved the way for measles to be virtually eliminated in the US in 2000. Multiple resurrections, including 667 cases in 2014.
Pike and others emphasized that vaccinations are widely accepted by most members of the Orthodox community, stating that they are a relatively small group of parents who are influenced by anti-propaganda vaccine propaganda – not religious teachings – who have resisted vaccinations.
The Orthodox Union said they had previously requested up-to-date vaccinations for their 37 summer programs, including the MMR vaccine. The health officials in New York have adopted a strict approach and made the measles vaccination compulsory for all persons living in the Federal Republic of Germany. Englisch: www.comece.org/comece.taf?_function…&language=en Brooklyn district, which is the epicenter of the outbreak, punishes people for not being vaccinated, and closes 12 schools because staff and students who could not prove immunity were not excluded, and the city issued its last two closures on Thursday
Now that the schools are preparing to close for the summer, the battle is spreading to the Catskills and Hudson River valleys.
Sullivan County lies in the heart of the traditional Borscht Belt and Lakes laden areas attract thousands of camps and bungalow colonies each summer, of which there are 139 orthodox j Jewish camps.
"We are raising such a population from New York City where this measles outbreak occurred," said Dan Hust, spokesman for Sullivan County. "It was considered prudent and wise."
Not everyone agrees. The orders of the counties Sullivan and Orange were challenged in state courts by parents of different religions. However, civil rights attorney Michael Sussman said he believes on Friday that these cases have to be withdrawn as New York has lifted religious exceptions.
Several camp administrators surveyed by The Associated Press have not raised any objection to compulsory vaccination.
"We have that's no problem," said Yoel Landau, director at Camp Rav Tov, a camp for Hasidic boys in Monticello. Landau said that students from New York City who visited the camp were already vaccinated because of the city's order in April.
Rabbi Dovid Teichman, director of Camp Govoah, which serves orthodox campers in rural Greene County, said that employees "comb" through every single application to ensure that all are vaccinated. "
" I can not endanger anyone, "he said," so if I find someone on the list who does not vaccinate, I will not take him to the camp. "
46 mosquitoes with serious viruses found in Fresno County
The climbers suffering from diabetes do not have to make an effort


19/07/2013�� Sarah Carey is the editor of Everyday Food magazine and her job is to come up with the best ways to make fast, delicious food at home. But she's also a mom to two hungry kids, so the question... You love to eat yummy frozen desserts in four seasons. Ice candies are the best-chilled dessert in 2018. Now, you can make ice pop and popsicle by mixing some fresh delicious fruits.
You love to eat yummy frozen desserts in four seasons. Ice candies are the best-chilled dessert in 2018. Now, you can make ice pop and popsicle by mixing some fresh delicious fruits.


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Q: check the validity of the statement Let $A$ ne an $n\times n $ upper triangular matrix with complex enries.I have to check the validity of the statement

If $A\neq I$ and if $a_{ii}=1$ $\forall i, 1\le i\le n$, then $A$ is not diagonalizable.

I wanted to know whether my proof(given below) is correct or not?Please provide the correct proof...

A: The claim that there is no pivot volumn is false.
Consider an explicit example: $A = \begin{bmatrix}1 & 1 \\ 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$
then we have $A-I=\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ 0 & 0 \end{bmatrix}$
The second column is a pivot column.
In general, we know that for your setting, we are going to have positive number of pivot columns.

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Out with the boat and the fog comes, what signal was it again when I'm sailing?
No worries, this app will give you an audible reminder every two minutes and the correct signal when you are sailing or going by engine.
The reminder to give signal will also work while the app is in the background so you can use your device for other tasks.
Never forget the most important audible signals while at sea, all explained in the help section.


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Nine Banded Whiskey is Making Austin Known for its Spirit
January 30, 2020 by lalorek
Sean Foley, Co-Founder of Nine Banded Whiskey
Nine Banded Whiskey Co-Founder Sean Foley seized an opportunity to create an Austin-based whiskey.
After noticing a moderately priced, Austin-made whiskey brand didn't exist, in 2014, he founded the Nine Banded Whiskey company and launched its first bottles of whiskey a few years later.
Today, Nine Banded Whiskey is in 12 states and last year the company inked a deal with the Los Angeles Rams to be the featured whiskey in its stadium.
On this episode of the Ideas to Invoices podcast, Foley talks about Nine Banded Whiskey's history, its secret ingredient – water from a ranch in Mason, Texas and its expansion plans in 2020 and beyond.
The Texas whiskey industry is a very young industry, Foley said. It's only 15 years old.
In 1995, Tito Beveridge got a license to operate the first still in Texas. He created Tito's Handmade Vodka. He pioneered the spirits industry in Texas and paved the way for others like Nine Banded Whiskey to follow, Foley said.
Nine Banded Whiskey has improved a lot throughout the years, the bottles have changed, and the recipe has changed along with some of the other processes, Foley said.
One of the secrets to its smooth taste is the limestone-filtered spring water from a ranch in Mason, in the Texas Hill Country. Nine Banded Whiskey is crafted from a unique blend of corn, rye, and malted barley. It is distilled for at least two years in Lawrenceburg, Indiana and blended and bottled in Austin and Dripping Springs. It costs $25 to $35 a bottle and can be found at Spec's, Twin Liquors, Total Wine and More and other liquor stores.
And the name Nine Banded is after the state's nine-banded armadillo, the official state mammal of Texas. And it pays homage to old Austin and the Armadillo World Headquarters, a music venue and nightclub that shutdown in 1980 but that once showcased some of Austin's brightest musicians.
Building a brand takes a lot of intentionality and focus, Foley said.
"It's better to have 10 people love you than 100 people like you," he said.
Nine Banded is not in all 50 states. It's in 12 states and it's selected the states it has gone into strategically, Foley said. It chose Southern California because it made sense for Nine Banded Whiskey to enter that market.
Nine Banded has done a lot of outreach in the entertainment and sports industries, which Foley has a background in.
The Black Pumas, an Austin band that Nine Banded Whiskey works with was nominated for a Grammy this year in the coveted Best New Artist category along with Billie Eilish, Lizzo, Lil Nas X and others.
And the people involved with HBO's Ballers Television series featured Nine Banded Whiskey in its show.
"You never known where you're going to get your pop culture pops," Foley said. "They help. I do think that though we want to be careful about that stuff."
It's not about manufacturing a brand but manufacturing a great product and building a great brand on top of that, Foley said. Nine Banded is being built from Austin with intentionality, learning from mistakes, perseverance and earnest hard work, he said.
Foley draws a lot of inspiration for running his business from his background as a championship swimmer. He grew up as a competitive swimmer in the Milwaukee area and he got offered a scholarship to the University of Texas at Austin. He swam for Eddie Reese, the swim coach for UT Austin's men's swimming team. Reese has won 15 national champions. Foley was part of three of those championships.
"I am fortunate, very fortunate to be a part of that group of alumni of Texas swimming," Foley said.
Foley lived in Austin in a time when Austin still had a lot of the characteristics of old Austin. University of Texas athletics and the music scene were two of the biggest things going on at that time, he said.
The day in and day out commitment and long-term investment in what you are working on are lessons he learned from swimming. It's a step by step and brick by brick process with no instant gratification or payout, that's what it takes to be a great athlete and a great business person also, he said.
On March 6th at Central Machine Works in East Austin at 5 p.m. doors open and Nine Banded will officially launch its new Bourbon, Foley said. And it's rolling out a new marketing campaign featuring custom illustrations by Denton Watts this year with a big focus on female Austin musicians, Foley said.
For more on Nine Banded please listen to the whole podcast.
Editor's note: Nine Banded was an in-kind sponsor of Silicon Hills News' 2020 Austin Calendar party.
Filed Under: Austin, Ideas to Invoices Podcast

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Sinn Féin MLA John O'Dowd has said the British Supreme Court hearing over Brexit is a significant legal, political and constitutional challenge to the British government.
"The beginning of the hearing in the British Supreme Court on the triggering of Article 50 today marks a significant legal, political and constitutional challenge to the British government.
"Regardless of the outcome, respect for democracy is at the core of this issue and the British government must recognise and respect the fact that the majority of people in the North of Ireland voted to remain in the EU.
"Sinn Féin representatives will attend the hearing on Wednesday when the north of Ireland specific elements of the case will be heard.
"It is crucial that the vote of the people of the north is respected and that we work to secure designated special status for the north of Ireland within the EU."


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WJA Twin Cities Founding Member Janel Russell Dies at 62
This is the Mother and Child pendant that Janel Russell originally created in 1980 as a symbol of her relationship with her son. Russell died Friday at age 62.
St. Paul, Minn.--Jeweler and WJA member Janel J. (Johnson) Russell died Friday following a short battle with pancreatic cancer. She was 62.
In addition to being a jeweler and business owner, Russell was one of the founding members of the Women's Jewelry Association's Twin Cities chapter.
In 1980, Russell designed the Mother and Child pendant, which is licensed, distributed and manufactured by Kirchner Corporation.
The abstract symbol of a parent and child is "cherished by millions of women and their families," Russell's obituary said.
On Russell's website, she wrote about the pendant, stating: "Every human being has his or her own special gifts. In my own case, I've been blessed with my creativity and my son. And I designed the Mother and Child to celebrate the bond between us."
Janel Russell
Russell is survived by her son, Isaac (Tay) Rucci; her mother, Patricia M. Johnson (née Mattson); her brothers Guy (Cheri) and Jeff (Susan) Johnson; her sister Jody (Curt) Johnson Barsness; and nieces and nephews.
She was preceded in death by her father, Farrell F. Johnson.
Sara Commers, WJA's central regional director, said in an e-mail sent Monday by the WJA that Russell was, "a mentor, a confidante (and) a friend."
"Janel had an incredible lust for life and tireless enthusiasm for our vibrant industry to which she dedicated her heart and soul."
WJA President Brandee Dallow wrote in the e-mail: "I personally connected with that giant, sincere smile of Janel's and the kind and honest way she always spoke her mind. After reading the many beautiful Facebook posts about Janel, it appears I was far from alone in these sentiments. Janel Russell was clearly one of the finest."
A mass of Christian burial will take place Wednesday at St. Rose of Lima at 2048 N. Hamline Ave. in Roseville, Minnesota.
The mass will begin at 10 a.m. with a visitation period being held one hour before.
Donations may be sent to the Guild Incorporated, a not-for-profit corporation that provides treatment and services for people with mental illnesses.
The Guild Incorporated can be contacted by phone at (651) 450-2220 or by mail at 130 South Wabasha St., Suite 90, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55107.


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Police Car Flips Over, Catches Fire After Hitting Giant Pothole on Houston Streets
Everything's bigger in Texas—even the potholes.
byStef Schrader| UPDATED Jan 3, 2020 3:37 AM
Stef SchraderView stef schrader's Articles
stefthepef
America's crumbling
infrastructure strikes again—this time against the long arm of the law.
A Houston police officer was chasing a suspected drunk driver early Friday night when she struck a massive pothole, reports Click2Houston. The hit was hard enough to catch the police cruiser on fire, at which point the officer lost control, flipping the car on its side.
According to Houston Police Department Lieutenant Christopher Bruce, the chase started around midnight when the officer tried to pull a speeding driver over in east Houston. Instead of stopping, the driver sped away, and the chase was on. The flip occurred about three minutes into the chase. The officer was able to get out of the car on her own, but the suspect escaped.
The officer works for a task force that specializes in driving while intoxicated cases, per the Houston Chronicle. The police car that flipped was an all-white cruiser, which is now quite crumpled on its side. The officer who flipped over in the car mid-pursuit was hospitalized after the crash but suffered no serious injuries.
Police are still looking for the suspect.
Screencap via KHOU
High-speed chases are always dangerous, and this
isn't the first time a Houston police cruiser has flipped mid-chase. (One police car even hit a house after it flipped, which you can read about in the Houston Chronicle.)
However, it's quite unusual to have a cruiser eaten up by a pothole to this degree, even in Houston, where all the roads feel like they're slowly sinking into the Gulf of Mexico at varying, spine-shattering rates.


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Richard Thornburg may refer to:

 Richard Thornburg (fictional character), a fictional character in the Die Hard movies
 Dick Thornburgh (spelled with another "h"), a former Pennsylvania Governor and US Attorney General

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The Public Service Union, PSU, and the Protect Areas Conservation Trust, PACT, are at odds. Last week PACT announced that it had embarked on a restructuring exercise. PACT says that it has decided to execute this restructuring exercise in order to implement a new operational framework. However, the PSU says that PACT employees have been terminated as a direct result of ongoing restructuring exercise. The PSU also says that the remaining staff was forced to sign contracts in order to continue to be employed at PACT. Minister of Fisheries, Forestry, and Environment and Sustainable Development, Omar Figueroa, addressed the matter.
In a release, PACT stated quote, "As part of this process, employees were given paid leave and a copy of the draft contract to aid them in their consultation and consideration of the new terms which to date they have all voluntarily accepted; some employees doing so as soon as the day after being notified. PACT received no objections from employees to signing their contracts of service." End of quote. Additionally, PACT says that there is no type of agreement between PACT and the PSU and PACT did not receive any indication from its Union members that they wished to be represented by the Union in this matter.


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Q: C# LINQ lambda expression with Contains as a method parameter I am writing a method that gets a lambda expression as a parameter to be used to filter the IList<SomeModel> _collection.
public void DoSomething(SomeModel model)
{
   FilterCollectionUsingPredicate(x => x.Name.Equals(model.Name));
}

private void FilterCollectionUsingPredicate(Func<SomeModel, bool> predicate)
{
   _collection = _collection.Where(predicate).ToList();
}

It works well when the predicate parameter is a simple expression, like  x => x.Name.Equals(model.Name).
However, it gets tricky when it has to use some other (local) collection and Contains clause.
public void DoSomething(SomeModel model)
{
   IEnumerable<string> someOtherCollection = model.SomeOtherCollection;
   FilterCollectionUsingPredicate(x => someOtherCollection.Contains(x.Phone));
}

private void FilterCollectionUsingPredicate(Func<SomeModel, bool> predicate)
{
   _collection = _collection.Where(predicate).ToList();
}

Of course, FilterCollectionUsingPredicate method does not see someOtherCollection and therefore, throws an error.
Can someone explain how to properly define and use this function to handle such a case?

A: Well try and create a generic extension instead, Expression should keep track of all other data in the expression. Try and create the predicate as Expression
private void FilterCollectionUsingPredicate(Expression<Func<SomeModel, bool>> predicate)
{
   _collection = _collection.Where(predicate).ToList();
}

It should work.


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✏ The Animated Kids Show: Part Two
November 20, 2018 / Jesse Bray
Finding Voice Actors
Animation is a communal art form. Much like music or construction it takes a village so to speak to bring your vision to life. While we'll eventually go into great details the process of the art work for animation however one of the most crucial pieces to the production puzzle is voice actors. So important is quality voice talent that, second to writing, a voice actor/actress can make or break your project, especially in comedy. Certain examples that come to mind: South Park, AquaTeen Hunger Force, The Simpsons, Futurama, Family Guy, & The Venture Bros; these shows vary wildly in the production and process yet they all have rockstar voice talent! In many ways the writing and voice talents can even supersede the art and animation within the shows like AquaTeen Hunger Force and South Park. I just want to say this here while we're on the topic: I consider the most critical thing in production to be the writing; that's why shows like Rick & Morty while brilliantly written can get away with not having as an array of voice talents. I understand I might upset people that enjoy Rick & Morty but let's be honest here Justin Roiland is no Hank Azaria or Maurice Lamarche but there's no questioning his amazing writing abilities or the shear creative genius of their show. The point is voice talent not only elevates a productions success it can almost assure it.
So how do you go about finding voice actors and actresses? There are quite a few routes to approach and I generally like a mixture to my madness. You call go with union or nonunion voice talent. We'll cover dealing with the union/SAG in greater details in a later post. However for many not aware most of Hollywood follows union rules. It's quite a confusing landscape of red tape but what it boils down to is if you're going to hire a union voice actor it's going be cost more money, require several contracts and dealing with union reps. I'm not necessarily opposed to what unions do just as a business owner unions cost more and when you're a small studio those costs can be quite high. For example a union actor might cost you between $600-1000 for a session. This is a difficult pill to swallow when you're given that the voice actor might spend a few hours on your project while your self, writers and animators spend hundreds of hours on the project. It needs to be said I don't by any means disrespect or under value what voice actors/actresses bring to the table it's just expensive and their time contribution is quite short. The short window a voice actor spends on a project in comparison needs to be understood because typically very little in the animation process is quick. When you can slowly perfect a background painting, a clever joke, story arch, or a character design you're given the luxury of time. So word of advice have a crystal clear idea of the voice you're looking for because seldom will you have the finances or relationships with a voice actors/actresses to keep recording take after take. Over the years I've developed some really great relationships with some wonderfully talented voice actors but it's important to understand their bottom line if you work with them and want to attract them to your projects. Also the spirit of this blog series is to give you to the best of my ability a very transparent look at what it takes to develop an animated kids show. So I'll be talking about money a bunch. Additionally since currently much of my bread and butter relates from commercial and marketing work you're going to see many lesson through that lens.
The following are the three most successful ways I've attracted amazing voice talents:
1. Pitching
Have a finished script, with a nice two-sheet (your Show in two sheets which I'll break down what that is in a later post),storyboards, character designs and possibly a theme song. Now you approach an actor/actress - that simple! Meet them at a ComicCon, email them through Facebook or LinkedIn, try and reach out and befriend them. They're creatives just like you and they're always looking for work. Seriously though most of the actors in the world are in between gigs. So they're always looking for new projects. Ok now what if approaching the actor/actress if difficult or you're not sure how after trying all listed above? Time for a formal approach.
2. Agents/Agencies
Typically the kind of actor or actress that isn't easily accessible has an agent or an agency that represents them, unless they're Bill Murray. For example we tried to see if Jack Black would be interested in a project of ours which for multiple reasons you can assume why he doesn't want just anyone to contact him. So we had to research who his agent was - how do you do that? Finally an IMDb pro account has some use haha! With IMDb pro you can look up those details, agents, producers, etc... Once you've got an email you're ready! Now just follow step 1 "Pitch" your project via email to the agent to see if their client might be interested. I've gotta say this right here - don't feel odd about contacting these people. It's their job to find their clients work, it's literally what they're paid to do! If an agent isn't finding their client work then they're not a very good agent, that or the client is in some sorta hot water. Ok so back to Jack Black. We discovered who his agent was went to contact them but we had to get through the assistant to the assistant of his agent. Yeah crazy right?! Jack Black's agent has an assistant who has an assistant that screens his pitches. Which means you've got to impress tier upon tier of people that your project is worth looking at. Makes me wonder how many amazing project these artist miss out on? Nonetheless when you get through to these "A-List" artist don't forget they're just people like you and me. They deserve your respect but they're not gods. They might bring a certain clout that can garner attention but you're the one that has more to risk and more to gain unless they're financially backing your project. I say this not to sound like sour grapes I just think when people insulate themselves to a certain degree they lose sight of the craft. This is by no means a dig to Jack Black, I love his work. You'll also discover some actors a just a single agent to inquire and they're incredibly delightful people, Rory I'm look in your direction (Miranda Hart's agent). For example John DiMaggio (voice of Bender) is a surprisingly accessible guy, perhaps not through social media but through his agent at Vox Inc. Why am I telling you all this information? Because these tips would have saved me so much time to know! Also when you discover people you like that want to work with you, you want them to continue to be successful! It's not just Hollywood that opens doors through relationship build. Which brings me to my last point or step, not sure if I'm detailing this correct. But nonetheless…
3. Referrals
Just like how much of business relates to people sharing a positive review a referral is my absolute favorite! You can put your feels out into the universe/social media and ask for people to come to you. It seldom works this way but when it does it's GREAT! Or through developing relationships - flat out FRIENDSHIPS! Tiny rabbit trail here. If you're always hustling and trying to movie your needle/networking your friendship comes off cheap. Really like people that you want to work with and really try and connect with people. Case in point I became friends with the amazing and super cool voice actor, Carey Means (voice of Frylock from Aqua Teen Hunger Force) through my good friend Kevin Blue (we used to host a podcast called Go Forth & Nerd). Kevin introduced me to Carey and the rest is history and hopefully future with oodles and oodles of more projects!
Remember voice actors/actresses are just regular people looking for creative and meaningful work. Don't feel silly reaching out to them and letting them know you love their stuff and would love to work with them. If they don't respond or reject your project keep your chin up. You'll eventually find your crew as you continue to build friendships, collective supportive creatives and share your passion for your project!
Thanks for reading along. In the next post I'll be talking about dealing with SAG (screen actors guild) and what to expect.
-Jesse
Mad Spiral Of Mr. Bray RSS
Newer / November 28, 2018
✏ The Animated Kids Show: Part Three
✏ The Animated Kids Show: Part One


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Houses that can help withstand natural disasters; drones that can improve forest management and enable rapid response; India's first electronic public toilet integrating electronic and web-mobile technologies; necklaces that tell doctors your entire medical history; India's next mission to the moon; and video games that help fight violence: our journey to 2030 has begun!
To commemorate the 71st anniversary of the United Nations, the UN, NITI Aayog and the XPRIZE joined together to recognise Indian innovators who are helping transform the lives of people in the country. Innovators from government, the private sector, civil society, and educational institutions from around the country shared innovations that will help the country achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.
The impressive display at UN House was accompanied by speakers and panellists including Sujata Mehta, Secretary (West), Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India; Amitabh Kant, CEO, NITI Aayog; Dr. Gopichand Katragadda, Chief Technology Officer, Tata Group; Zenia Tata, Executive Director Global Expansion, X Prize; Shiv Khemka, Executive Chairman, tGELF, Naveen Jain, Entrepreneur and Philanthropist; and Yuri Afanasiev, UN Resident Coordinator.
UN Day also provided an exciting opportunity for XPRIZE, a highly leveraged, incentivized prize competition that pushes the limits of what's possible — to change the world for the better, to announce two new Prizes for India. Marcus Shingles, CEO of XPRIZE, and Zenia Tata, executive director of Global Expansion at XPRIZE, announced the launch of the Water Abundance XPRIZE and the Anu & Naveen Jain Women's Safety XPRIZE.
Aimed at sparking breakthrough solutions to two urgent grand challenges, the US$1.75M Water Abundance XPRIZE sponsored by Tata Group and Australian Aid aims to alleviate the global water crisis with energy-efficient technologies that will harvest fresh water from thin air. The Water Abundance XPRIZE challenges teams from around the world to revolutionize access to fresh water by creating a device that extracts a minimum of 2,000 liters of water per day from the atmosphere using 100% renewable energy, at a cost of no more than 2 cents per liter.
The US$1M Women's Safety XPRIZE sponsored by Anu and Naveen Jain will leverage technology to empower communities with a transformative solution that ensures women's safety. The winning team's solution will autonomously and inconspicuously trigger an emergency alert and transmit information to a network of community responders, all within 90 seconds and at an annual cost of US$40 or less.


WOW. That's the word that slipped out of your mouth when you saw the above photo wasn't it? It certainly was for us! Just get ready, you will be saying "wow" and "look at this photo" more than once during this feature, the images are that amazing! The super talented photographer, Dawn Sparks, captured the most incredible images of the sky during Stephanie & Eric's wedding that are all exquisite! Not to mention, she had the sweet sweet Stephanie & Eric to work with, who made it easy for her to catch the purest and most touching moments with a click.
We adored the burlap vases full of beautiful flower arrangements that Stephanie & Eric chose to have at the ceremony site.
Tip for Photographers: So I am not a photographer by any means, but I do receive wedding photo submissions on a daily basis for The Manor House Bride… and I would like all photographers reading this post to take note on this amazing photo. Very rarely do I see this view of the first kiss, but it has become my new favorite. Think about it, this way the bride & groom get to see all of their guests faces and reactions to their first kiss. It is an absolute priceless moment that I think needs to be captured at every wedding. So for those photographers out there that have a photography duo (as I know many of you do!) have one photographer capture an image of the first kiss with the backdrop behind them, the other catch the moment with the guests as the background. Just my two cents!
Dawn took the wedding party over to the Bradford Perley House to capture some stunning photos in front of the house and in front of the majestic rock formations near to the home. The Bradford Perley House is located in what is now referred to as The North Ranch, which is a short few minute drive from The Manor House. This previous home was built in 1859 by Major Robert Boyles Bradford, then sold to James Adam Perley in 1895, until finally being sold to John Shaffer in 1926. For those of you who are not familiar with the history of The Manor House, John Shaffer was the individual who built The Manor House in 1914. He owned 28,000 acres as his cattle ranch, which is now our Ken Caryl Valley named after Shaffer's two sons Kent & Carroll. A devastating fire destroyed the interior of The Bradford Perley House in 1967, but fortunately The Ken Caryl- Ranch Historical Society has since kept the property structure maintained so the history of Ken Caryl Valley can carry on.
This children's activity pale is such a great idea to keep any kiddos at your wedding entertained while their parents dance the night away!
The uplighting that night was incredible thanks to DJ, Perry Washington.


Holidays shouldn't need boundaries, we might try to tell ourselves as we prepare for the holiday season. When we think about it, boundaries might be exactly what our holiday celebrations need, especially now that we are fierce, fabulous, authentic women of sobriety. Focusing on compassion in our recovery helps us act gently toward ourselves and toward others. We have realized that though we are recovering from alcoholism and addiction, everyone has something. There could be years of family history behind every smile or every straight face that we know nothing about. Holidays can bring out the best in people. Holidays can also bring out the worst. One of the ways we prepare to expect the unexpected during the holidays is to set some boundaries for ourselves and with others.
Say No to hosting this year, even if everyone is expecting you to host, because you always do.
Decline invitations and keep your holiday party schedule simple. Remember, easy does it.
Don't offer your home to the masses, instead, take yourself and your family somewhere else.
Limit your spending on gifts and the amount of gifts that you buy.
Decide which questions about your experience of alcoholism, drug addiction, detox, treatment, and recovery you are willing to answer and which you are not. Your recovery is not a topic of conversation, it is part of your life.
Choose battles over wars. Family members can be trying and triggering during the holidays. Drama is always looming. Set boundaries by ignoring certain conversations, walking away when necessary, or standing up for yourself, or others, if you feel it is right.
Setting boundaries is only one part of the equation when it comes to boundaries. Boundaries are best when they are enforced. Boundaries come in three forms: rigid, flexible, and open. Open boundaries are not really boundaries, and rigid boundaries leave little room for improvisation. Flexible boundaries help us be compassionate toward others, let go of our expectations, then take action when necessary. Enforcing our boundaries requires boundaries of our own. How many times are we willing to explain ourselves and say 'no'? How far are we willing to let uncomfortable conversations go before we make a change? We can work with our sponsor, our therapist, and our support network to decide. Once we have a plan, we bravely and boldly go into the holiday season ready to take care of ourselves and our recovery.


Grimms Bridge Tunnel is an abandoned tunnel along the Youngstown & Southern Railroad Smith's Ferry Branch in eastern Ohio.
Pittsburgh Coal constructed the 1,200-foot tunnel at Grimms Bridge circa 1932, 4 and the concrete-lined tunnel was built by the Booth & Glinn Company of Pittsburgh. It also included a railroad trestle over Beeler's Run near Fredericktown that was erected by the McClintock-Marshall Contracting Company of Pittsburgh.
Active service continued on the Smith's Ferry Branch until 1967 when a landslide filled the south portal of the Grimms Bridge Tunnel. 2 The landslide originated from a strip mine that had been operated by the Tassi Coal Company, which had gone bankrupt. Due to the finances of the line's owner, the tunnel remained partly buried.
The Y&S sought federal permission to abandon all but the northernmost mile of the Smith's Ferry Branch on April 26, 1977. 1 The motion was not granted. In 1995, the Y&S filed to abandon 12 miles of the Smith's Ferry Branch, and all but the northernmost mile 5 at Negley was removed in 1996.
"Track Abandonment Set." Evening Review [East Liverpool], 26 Apr. 1977, p. 1.
"Beaver Creek Railroad?" Evening Review [East Liverpool], 24 Apr. 1970, pp. 1, 10.
"Rival Carriers Fight Montour in High Court." Evening Review [East Liverpool], 8 Aug. 1936, pp. 1-2.
"Montour May Run Trains on Road in Fall." Evening Review [East Liverpool], 18 Aug. 1933, p. 1.
United States Department of Transportation, Surface Transportation Board. STB Finance Docket. 33385. 24 Apr. 1997, article.
Ohio River Trail Council. Report no. 201506308989, article.


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Q: 5 cards are chosen from a standard deck. What is the probability that we get all four aces, plus the king of spades? We have $\binom{52}{5}$ ways of doing this. This will be our denominator.
We want to select all 4 aces, there are there are exactly $\binom{4}{4}$ ways of doing this.
Now we have selected 4 cards, and we need to select one more. That one card has to be the king of spades. Out of the 48 remaining cards, only one of them is our wanted one. This can be chosen in $\binom{48}{1}$ ways.
So is the answer:
$$\dfrac{\binom{4}{4}\binom{48}{1}}{\binom{52}{5}}=\dfrac{1}{54145}?$$
Is this correct?
If we look at it another way:
Then then our probability for the aces and specific king are $(4/52)\times (3/51) \times (2/50) \times (1/49) \times (1/48)$ which is a completely different here.
Which is the correct approach?

A: Your first computation gets the chance you get four aces and any other card.  The $48 \choose 1$ factor is selecting the other card.  If you want specifically the king of spades it should be $1$, so the chance is $48$ times less.  Your second computation gets the chance you draw the four aces first in some order, then draw the king of spades.  You should multiply by $5$ for the number of positions the king can be in.  Neither is correct for the question in the title.

A: The first way:
There is only one set of cards, that fits the specifications (all 4 aces and the king of spades) and $\binom{52}{5}$ different sets of cards that can all be drawn with equal probability. The chance to draw your set is
$$
\frac{1}{\binom{52}{5}}
$$
The second way:
The chance of drawing a specific card out of $n$ is $\frac{1}{n}$. So a specific sequence or order of 5 cards has the chance $\frac{1}{52}\cdot\frac{1}{51}\cdot\frac{1}{50}\cdot\frac{1}{49}\cdot\frac{1}{48}$ to be drawn. There are $5!$ different sequences or orderings of 5 cards, that countain the 5 specified cards (s. permutations). So the chance to draw the set is
$$
\frac{5!}{52\cdot51\cdot50\cdot49\cdot48} = \frac{5!\cdot 47!}{52!}
= \frac{1}{\frac{52!}{5!\cdot 47!}} = \frac{1}{\binom{52}{5}}
$$
For the last equality see Binomial coefficient.

A: You select 4 aces out of 4 possible aces and one king of spades out of 1 possible king of spades, so there is exactly
$$\binom{4}{4}\binom{1}{1}=1$$
way of completing this set. Therefore this set is unique.
There are $\binom{52}{5}$ unique sets of five cards.
Therefore the probability of picking this set of five cards is:
$$P=\frac{\binom{4}{4}\binom{1}{1}}{\binom{52}{5}} = \frac{1}{2598960}$$

A: Assuming you just want those 5 cards in any order:
Since you have specified all 5 specific cards that you want, you don't need to consider the aces separately from the king. The probability of selecting these 5 cards is then
(Probability choosing any one of the 5) $\times$ (Probability of choosing one of the remaining 4) $\times$ ..., i.e. $$\frac{5}{52} \times \frac{4}{51} \times \frac{3}{50} \times \frac{2}{49} \times \frac{1}{48} = \frac{1}{54145} \times \frac{1}{48},$$ just to confirm what Ross Millikan said.
If, instead, you want the 4 aces before the king, we have $$\frac{4}{52} \times \frac{3}{51} \times \frac{2}{50} \times \frac{1}{49} \times \frac{1}{48}.$$

A: You've fully determined the five cards you want, so the probability is $\frac{1}{{52 \choose 5}}$ since there are ${52 \choose 5}$ different ways to choose 5 cards from the deck, and only one correct one.


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Cheap Flights from Austin to St. Thomas and St. John
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The Austin-Bergstrom International Airport offers more than 10,000 parking spaces and complimentary shuttles. Parking is $3 per hour or up to $26 per day. Complimentary parking at Austin-Bergstrom International Airport is provided to automobiles displaying Disabled Veteran, Congressional Medal of Honor, Former Prisoner of War, Pearl Harbor Survivor, Legion of Valor, Legion of Merit and Purple Heart Recipient license plates.
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If you would prefer not to leave your car at the airport, metered taxis are available to transport you to the airport. The minimum fare for taxi customers is $12.85. All taxis have a four-passenger maximum, not including children. Austin also has a bus system with a fare of $1, or you can pay $2 for an all-day pass. Orbitz.com can help you plan both your air travel and ground transportation.
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The Cella dining chair has a solid wood frame and legs in a beautiful ash finish. The seating is in a durable upholstered cream fabric. the perfect chair for an elegant dining set or simply as an occasional chair.


text:
Robert Wrigley is the author of eleven books of poetry, including My Other Country (forthcoming from Penguin, 2017), and Anatomy of Melancholy & Other Poems (Penguin, 2013), which won a Pacific Northwest Booksellers' Award in 2014. Other award-winning books by Wrigley from Penguin include Lives of the Animals (2003), which won the Poets' Prize in 2004; Reign of Snakes (1999), which won the Kingsley Tufts Poetry Award in 2000; and In the Bank of Beautiful Sins (1995), which won the San Francisco Poetry Center Book Award in 1996. A former Guggenheim Fellow and two-time National Endowment for the Arts Fellow, Wrigley lives in the woods on Moscow Mountain, near Moscow, Idaho, where he is Professor Emeritus at the University of Idaho.
Photo by Matt Valentine


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Home Badminton National badminton coach Pullela Gopichand
National badminton coach Pullela Gopichand
National badminton coach Pullela Gopichand feels the extension of nationwide lockdown past a month and a half can have each bodily and psychological affect on gamers, although it might probably work as a good break for many.
All Indian athletes have both returned dwelling or are staying put on the Sports Authority of India (SAI) hostels respectively amid the lockdown, and are confined to coaching indoors.
Moreover, the preliminary 21-day interval has now been prolonged to May 3, with athletes advisable taking on-line teaching until the time Covid-19 disaster is resolved.
With no competitors or coaching permitted outside, Gopichand, who is preserving monitor of the likes of PV Sindhu & Co. on-line, feels it's vital for the athletes to deal with their our bodies.
"Some of the players who were injured needed some break, so I think the lockdown is a good break for them. But it depends on how long it continues, a month and a half is okay, but beyond that, I think if you're a younger player, it makes a certain amount of difference, if you're an older player, it's different," he advised Mail Today.
"It's about mental strength and how you sustain through this period, how you come out with lesser practice. You have to look at yourself physically, mentally and see whatever things you can do that can make you better when you get back on court," he added.
Gopichand returned dwelling from Birmingham final month, the place he was with the gamers for the All England Championships. The lockdown was already introduced by the point he accomplished his 14-day quarantine interval within the outskirts of Hyderabad and has been staying there since then.
Tracking gamers on-line and the upcoming coach training programme by SAI has saved the previous All England champion busy.
"Lockdown is tough. These are difficult times, and we are trying to be innovative, figure things out differently. For me and the players, the good thing is that there will not be tournament immediately after the lockdown, so that gives us time and we are going to do the best we can," he mentioned.
Speaking concerning the monetary repercussions of the Covid-19 pandemic, Gopichand careworn that the Indian gamers shall be least affected as most of them have a secured supply of earnings. The overseas gamers, nevertheless, shall be hit onerous.
"I think in India, things are far better off as players have fixed incomes, players who are professional right now. I think, in general, the lockdown is harsh on a variety of fields and players do suffer from loss financially, but I don't think it's a major case in our country as compared to the western world as they depend on prize money to pay their bills. For many of them it's taken care of, not all, but mostly. So, I am okay with it okay on that aspect for some time," he summed up.
As uncertainty continues to loom over issues returning to normalcy, nothing might be pre-planned, feels Gopichand.
He mentioned, "Being mentally strong very important. I can't look at 10 scenarios as a roadmap for their training. You get up in the morning, do what needs to be done. When things go normal, you get back to schedule. The process is important, goal will figure itself out," he concluded.
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Archie: The Married Life - 10th Anniversary
10 years later, a landmark moment in Archie Comics history is being revisited! ARCHIE: THE MARRIED LIFE 10th ANNIVERSARY, is a sequel to the headline-making 2009 "Archie Wedding" storyline. The original storyline written by Michael Uslan answered Riverdale's longest-running question: will Archie marry Betty or Veronica? Fans were treated to two alternate worlds that explored each possibility
Archie's Funhouse Comics Double Digest
Get ready for an exciting, fun adventure in Riverdale! Archie, Jughead, Betty & Veronica are living it up in this double digest series. What kind of crazy adventures will these teens have? Find out with OVER 130 PAGES of fun in each issue!
Archie's Girls Betty and Veronica
Betty & Veronica star in their first comic book! In "Circus Daze", Betty inherits her Uncle Oscar's favorite car! Too bad Uncle Oscar is a clown! Will Betty & Veronica be able to get home in this crazy clown car? Then, in "What's Cookin'?", Betty feels the fool for slipping Archie cake and doughnuts by way of the empty emergency fire bucket in the hall! But Archie hasn't been eating those treats
Archie's Pal Jughead
Archie's insatiable best pal gets his own book! In "Experiment Perilous", Jughead's Uncle Herman comes to visit with a marvelous invention in tow- a formula to make people cowardly or courageous! The only thing he needs is a test subject, and Reggie Mantle, captain of the football team, seems like the perfect guinea pig! Will everything go according to plan? DISCLAIMER: The stories, characters
Archie's Pals 'n' Gals Double Digest
When it comes to keeping the students' attention spans from wandering, the faculty is no match for a beautiful day! Plus: Other new and classic tales. Bonus: Puzzles, games and pin-ups.
Archie's Rival Reggie
Yes! Archie's arch-rival, Reggie, has his own comic book! In "Ferocious Fems", Reggie decides to coach the girls in their first-ever girls' football game (traditionally known as the Powderpuff football)! But it's gonna take a lot of work to get these young ladies into gridiron material! Will Reggie fumble this opportunity, or can he bring it in for a touchdown? DISCLAIMER: The stories, charact
Archie's Superteens Vs Crusaders
Riverdale High's new substitute teacher is very odd. Snubbed by the scientific community, he plans his revenge—on the students of Riverdale High! It's going to take a team of people with some mighty powers to stop him. Archie Comics' two most renowned superhero teams are going to meet up for the first time ever in this special mini-series!
B & V Friends Comics Double Digest
Being the most popular girls at Riverdale High means that Betty & Veronica have a lot of friends! Check out tons of stories, games, puzzles, and more!
Betty Cooper is the sweet, innocent girl-next-door. Betty loves to bake, play sports, and go to school, but she loves Archie the most! She's crazy about America's favorite redhead, but she always competing for his heart with Veronica, her best friend.
Betty & Veronica
Betty, the middle-class girl-next-door and Veronica, the beautiful rich girl are the best of friends, even though they're very different. They do share one thing in common, though -- their boyfriend, Archie! Who will win his heart for good?
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text:
Bewildered by Luminosity
Thusness, 2005 "A "True experience" is better than a thousand words but it is also the very "true experience" of the Brilliance Bright that has blinded Mystics of all ages. The Brilliance Bright is more vivid then we can imagine. In All IT is seen and In All IT is experienced. Being vividly bright it also serves as the "condition" that obscures its very own Emptiness nature."
Below are excerpts from Thrangu Rinpoche's teaching.
http://www.rinpoche.com/q&a.htm
Q: If the nature of mind is this all-pervading, brilliant union of luminosity and emptiness, ungraspable, how is it that it could be obscured, even for a moment, let alone for lifetime after lifetime?
{Tibetan translation}
A: Because it's too brilliant, that's the short answer. {laughter} It's like this. Luminous, brilliant emptiness, is the nature of mind. And it's been there with us inseparably for beginningless time. But the brilliance is a bit too strong. If you take the two, the factor of luminosity and the factor of emptiness, the former one, the factor of luminosity is a bit strong. A bit stronger. And because it's so strong, we don't see the empty factor. We don't see the factor of emptiness. Because of the brilliance of the mind, all these things appear, and they look so real, and we get so fascinated with it. {laughter} We're really stuck. We're really stuck on them, and we're confused, and becoming bewildered and confused by them, then we don't realize the nature of our minds. We become completely intoxicated with the brilliance and the luminosity, and what all of what it displays to us, and we don't see the emptiness.
Now when Buddhists talk about ignorance, they don't mean some sort of black darkness, just shrouded... they actually mean it's so brilliant. It's so vivid, that we become confused by it. So we have to turn inwards and look, and see the emptiness that we've not been seeing, because we've been following after the luminosity for so long. Good example is a movie, movie comes on, we know it's just a movie, pretty soon {laughter}. We know it's somebody... picture, you know. There's human beings, and there's mountains, and there's rivers, and these wild life and plains, and we're completely drawn to it. And it's just because its brilliance is too strong, that's why we have to turn and look at the emptiness.
{Questioner: Wow. Laugher}
p.s. For those wondering what 'Luminosity' mean, here's a glossary definition by Lama Tony Duff:
Luminosity or illumination, Skt. prabhåsvara, Tib. 'od gsal ba: The core of mind has two aspects: an emptiness factor and a knowing factor. The Buddha and many Indian religious teachers used "luminosity" as a metaphor for the knowing quality of the core of mind. If in English we would say "Mind has a knowing quality", the teachers of ancient India would say, "Mind has an illuminative quality; it is like a source of light which illuminates what it knows".
This term been translated as "clear light" but that is a mistake that comes from not understanding the etymology of the word. It does not refer to a light that has the quality of clearness (something that makes no sense, actually!) but to the illuminative property which is the nature of the empty mind.
Note also that in both Sanskrit and Tibetan Buddhist litera- ture, this term is frequently abbreviated just to Skt. "vara" and Tib. "gsal ba" with no change of meaning. Unfortu- nately, this has been thought to be another word and it has then been translated with "clarity", when in fact it is just this term in abbreviation.
Labels: Emptiness, Luminosity, Thrangu Rinpoche |
Feb 1, 2013, 12:54:00 PM
Definitely, the term "illumination" or "brightness" do give me the impression of some kind of physical bright light that shines on something; At least to the ignorant like me & others, we see things through physical senses.
Things would be much clearer, using more direct terms like "awareness", "knowing" or "bare awareness", which is direct knowing at this present moment; Not some kind of illumination/bright light that is projected on the outside world.
And this bare awareness we can use it now; It's always present. U don't have to wait until u have attained some kind of jhana/absorption to acquire the bright light kind of mystical experience. (I am sorry, that's what I used to understand in the past; All these look like it's a faraway thing that only a few are blessed with the talent to experience it.
An Eternal Now Says:
Feb 1, 2013, 2:26:00 PM
Indeed. In actual fact, every single experience is none of than a display of luminosity. Every experience has this 'knowing' 'aware' quality, without which, nothing can manifest or appear! Nothing can be experienced without the factor of luminosity.
So in actual fact, luminosity already pervades as the essence of all experience... but realizing this luminosity isn't enough. Luminosity can be reified in wrong ways, in many cases it is reified into an ontological unchanging entity or a Self. This leads to further grasping instead of liberation.
Luminosity has always been so right from the beginningless beginning... and it is precisely because of its brilliance that it has obscured its empty nature, it has blinded us and led us into deeper delusion. Realizing this luminosity itself won't liberate us.
Awareness, knowing, is empty of a self or knower apart from the known... and every experience dependently originates, is empty of any locatable core or essence... this too must be realized.
Non-obtainable Mind


Hello, my name is Timper, with an "i" not an "e". I am in my junior year here at the University of Washington and I am majoring in History and Archaeology. I'd like to further study colonialism and its effects by specifically looking at the 'political' relationships between Europeans and the Indigenous peoples residing within the Americas. Although European Medieval History is a great interest of mine as well. A majority of my life has been spent here in the PNW, although my teenage years were mostly spent in the UK attending secondary school.
Aptly named Hannibal for all the horrible deeds she has committed.
In my spare time I enjoy spending time reading and playing with my dog Hannibal. I have a passion for history, archaeology and anything related to the Lord of the Rings (it should be noted that I wrote a 25 page paper on Homo floresiensis just because they are called 'hobbits').
Hello! I'm Stephanie, and I'm a senior studying Archaeology, Human Evolutionary Biology, and Medical Anthropology & Global Health here at the University of Washington. My daily commute is about six hours long. The best part is the ferry, and occasionally being slowed down by a pod of Orcas. I began the running start program my senior year of high school, and obtained my Associate's degree at Tacoma Community College in 2013. Afterward, I took some prerequisites at Olympic College for a year and volunteered in the cadaver lab for two quarters. I then transferred to the university in Fall of 2014. I first became interested in archaeology after reading a National Geographic article on Otzi, The Iceman. I don't have a specific focus in archaeology just yet, but I have a few different interests.
Emily is a third year undergrad double majoring in Archaeology and American Indian Studies. She was born and raised in the greater Seattle area, but just moved to the city this year after transferring from Highline College, where she earned an Associates of Arts in Anthropology. She is still exploring her specific research interests, but at this point she is particularly interested in indigenous archaeology.
She loves travelingg, hiking and collecting action figures. She has travelled to South Korea, Iceland and Switzerland and looks forward to traveling more in the future.
Hello, my name is Courtney and I'm a junior undergrad. This is my first year at the University of Washington, having previously received my Associates in anthropology from Olympic College. I am majoring in archaeology and minoring in history. I worked for many years in jobs I didn't really enjoy before making the decision to pursue an education in disciplines that actually excited and challenged me. My particular areas of academic interest are the Roman occupation of Britain, Neolithic settlements of Scotland, and the study of European medieval society. Love of museums and artifact preservation has me leaning towards graduate work in museology.
My hobbies include traveling and experiencing new places, binge watching over-the-top costume dramas (despite their blatant historical inaccuracies), and trying to keep my book hoarding under control. Currently, I am on a mission to find the perfect, most unique Eggs Benedict in Seattle so as to justify my brunch obsession with a goal-oriented purpose.
My first exposure to archaeology and anthropology was through frequent visits to the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago, where I grew up. This lead to a lifelong interest in the human and ecological past. I'm pursuing a BA in Anthropology with a concentration in Archaeological Sciences. I am particularly interested in deep time and the Pleistocene interactions of humans, animals, and their environments. Outside of my academic pursuits, I play the guitar, wrangle cats, and enjoy cooking and exploring the mountains and coasts of the Pacific Northwest. I am not humble about my excellent chili and pulled pork recipes.
Hello, my name is Tessa. I am a senior archaeology student here at UW, having transferred from Peninsula College in Port Angeles in the fall of 2015. I grew up in Oceanside, CA and joined the United States Coast Guard right out of high school. My adventures in the Coast Guard took me all over Alaska, from the Bering Sea to the Arctic Ocean, to Hawaii and New York City. After completing my time in the Coast Guard as an Operations Specialist I moved to Port Angeles, WA to begin my studies and decided that my next great adventure would be archaeology!
Some of my hobbies include reading, traveling and going on hikes with my rescue dog Patch. I have not settled on a specific area of study in archaeology (I know, I should probably get on that), but I have always been politically active and am interested in the effects of colonialism on marginalized peoples.


text:
On George MacDonald
December 14, 2020 December 16, 2020 G. K. Chesterton Comment is Closed
G.K. Chesterton on one of his favorite authors, George MacDonald. This piece was written as an introduction to George MacDonald and His Wife, by Greville M. MacDonald (MacDonald's son), 1924.
Certain magazines have symposiums (I will call them 'symposia' if I am allowed to call the two separate South Kensington collections 'musea') in which persons are asked to name 'Books that have Influenced Me', on the lines of 'Hymns that have Helped Me'. It is not a very realistic process as a rule, for our minds are mostly a vast uncatalogued library; and for a man to be photographed with one of the books in his hand generally means at best that he has chosen at random, and at worst that he is posing for effect. But in a certain rather special sense I for one can really testify to a book that has made a difference to my whole existence, which helped me to see things in a certain way from the start; a vision of things which even so real a revolution as a change of religious allegiance has substantially only crowned and confirmed. Of all the stories I have read, including even all the novels of the same novelist, it remains the most real, the most realistic, in the exact sense of the phrase the most like life. It is called The Princess and the Goblin, and is by George MacDonald, the man who is the subject of this book.
When I say it is like life, what I mean is this. It describes a little princess living in a castle in the mountains which is perpetually undermined, so to speak, by subterranean demons who sometimes come up through the cellars. She climbs up the castle stairways to the nursery or the other rooms; but now and again the stairs do not lead to the usual landings, but to a new room she has never seen before, and cannot generally find again. Here a good great-grandmother, who is a sort of fairy godmother, is perpetually spinning and speaking words of understanding and encouragement. When I read it as a child, I felt that the whole thing was happening inside a real human house, not essentially unlike the house I was living in, which also had staircases and rooms and cellars. This is where the fairy-tale differed from many other fairy-tales; above all, this is where the philosophy differed from many other philosophies. I have always felt a certain insufficiency about the ideal of Progress, even of the best sort which is a Pilgrim's Progress. It hardly suggests how near both the best and the worst things are to us from the first; even perhaps especially at the first. And though like every other sane person I value and revere the ordinary fairy-tale of the miller's third son who set out to seek his fortune (a form which MacDonald himself followed in the sequel called The Princess and Curdie), the very suggestion of travelling to a far-off fairyland, which is the soul of it, prevents it from achieving this particular purpose of making all the ordinary staircases and doors and windows into magical things.
Dr. Greville MacDonald, in his intensely interesting memoir of his father which follows, has I think mentioned somewhere his sense of the strange symbolism of stairs. Another recurrent image in his romances was a great white horse; the father of the princess had one, and there was another in The Back of the North Wind. To this day I can never see a big white horse in the street without a sudden sense of indescribable things. But for the moment I am speaking of what may emphatically be called the presence of household gods – and household goblins. And the picture of life in this parable is not only truer than the image of a journey like that of the Pilgrim's Progress, it is even truer than the mere image of a siege like that of The Holy War. There is something not only imaginative but intimately true about the idea of the goblins being below the house and capable of besieging it from the cellars. When the evil things besieging us do appear, they do not appear outside but inside. Anyhow, that simple image of a house that is our home, that is rightly loved as our home, but of which we hardly know the best or the worst, and must always wait for the one and watch against the other, has always remained in my mind as something singularly solid and unanswerable; and was more corroborated than corrected when I came to give a more definite name to the lady watching over us from the turret, and perhaps to take a more practical view of the goblins under the floor. Since I first read that story some five alternative philosophies of the universe have come to our colleges out of Germany, blowing through the world like the east wind. But for me that castle is still standing in the mountains and the light in its tower is not put out.
All George MacDonald's other stories, interesting and suggestive in their several ways, seem to be illustrations and even disguises of that one I say disguises, for this is the very important difference between his sort of mystery and mere allegory. The commonplace allegory takes what it regards as the commonplaces or conventions necessary to ordinary men and women, and tries to make them pleasant or picturesque by dressing them up as princesses or goblins or good fairies. But George MacDonald did really believe that people were princesses and goblins and good fairies, and he dressed them up as ordinary men and women. The fairy-tale was the inside of the ordinary story and not the outside. One result of this is that all the inanimate objects that are the stage properties of the story retain that nameless glamour which they have in a literal fairy-tale. The staircase in Robert Falconer is as much of a magic ladder as the staircase in the Princess and the Goblin; and when the boys are making the boat and the girl is reciting verses to them, in Alec Forbes, and some old gentleman says playfully that it will rise to song like a magic Scandinavian ship, it always seemed to me as if he were describing the reality, apart from the appearance, of the incident. The novels as novels are uneven, but as fairy-tales they are extraordinarily consistent. He never for a moment loses his own inner thread that runs through the patchwork, and it is the thread that the fairy great-grandmother put into the hands of Curdie to guide him out of the mazes of the goblins.
The originality of George MacDonald has also a historical significance, which perhaps can best be estimated by comparing him with his great countryman Carlyle. It is a measure of the very real power and even popularity of Puritanism in Scotland that Carlyle never lost the Puritan mood even when he lost the whole of the Puritan theology. If an escape from the bias of environment be the test of originality, Carlyle never completely escaped, and George MacDonald did. He evolved out of his own mystical meditations a complete alternative theology leading to a completely contrary mood. And in those mystical meditations he learned secrets far beyond the mere extension of Puritan indignation to ethics and politics. For in the real genius of Carlyle there was a touch of the bully, and wherever there is an element of bullying there is an element of platitude, of reiteration and repeated orders. Carlyle could never have said anything so subtle and simple as MacDonald's saying that God is easy to please and hard to satisfy. Carlyle was too obviously occupied with insisting that God was hard to satisfy; just as some optimists are doubtless too much occupied with insisting that He is easy to please. In other words, MacDonald had made for himself a sort of spiritual environment, a space and transparency of mystical light, which was quite exceptional in his national and denominational environment. He said things that were like the Cavalier mystics, like the Catholic saints, sometimes perhaps like the Platonists or the Swedenborgians, but not in the least like the Calvinists, even as Calvinism remained in a man like Carlyle. And when he comes to be more carefully studied as a mystic, as I think he will be when people discover the possibility of collecting jewels scattered in a rather irregular setting, it will be found, I fancy, that he stands for a rather important turning-point in the history of Christendom, as representing the particular Christian nation of the Scots. As Protestants speak of the morning stars of the Reformation, we may be allowed to note such names here and there as morning stars of the Reunion.
The spiritual colour of Scotland, like the local colour of so many Scottish moors, is a purple that in some lights can look like grey. The national character is in reality intensely romantic and passionate indeed, excessively and dangerously romantic and passionate. Its emotional torrent has only too often been turned towards revenge, or lust, or cruelty, or witchcraft. There is no drunkenness like Scotch drunkenness; it has in it the ancient shriek and the wild shrillness of the Maenads on the mountains. And of course it is equally true on the good side, as in the great literature of the nation. Stopford Brooke and other critics have truly pointed out that a vivid sense of colour appears in the medieval Scottish poets before it really appears in any English poets. And it is absurd to be talking of the hard and shrewd sobriety of a national type that has made itself best known throughout the modern world by the prosaic literalism of Treasure Island and the humdrum realism of Peter Pan. Nevertheless, by a queer historical accident this vivid and coloured people have been forced to 'wear their blacks' in a sort of endless funeral on an eternal Sabbath. In most plays and pictures, however, in which they are represented as wearing their blacks, some instinct makes the actor or the artist see that they fit very badly. And so they do.
The passionate and poetical Scots ought obviously, like the passionate and poetical Italians to have had a religion which competed with the beauty and vividness of the passions, which did not let the devil have all the bright colours, which fought glory with glory and flame with flame. It should have balanced Leonardo with St. Francis; no young and lively person really thinks he can be balanced with John Knox. The consequence was that this power in Scottish letters, especially in the day (or night) of complete Calvinistic orthodoxy, was weakened and wasted in a hundred ways. In Burns it was driven out of its due course like a madness; in Scott it was only tolerated as a memory. Scott could only be a medievalist by becoming what he would call an antiquary, or what we should call an aesthete. He had to pretend his love was dead, that he might be allowed to love her. As Nicodemus came to Jesus by night, [See John 3:1] the aesthete only comes to church by moonlight.
Now, among the many men of genius Scotland produced in the nineteenth century, there was only one so original as to go back to this origin. There was only one who really represented what Scottish religion should have been, if it had continued the colour of the Scottish medieval poetry. In his particular type of literary work he did indeed realize the apparent paradox of a St. Francis of Aberdeen, seeing the same sort of halo round every flower and bird. It is not the same thing as any poet's appreciation of the beauty of the flower or bird. A heathen can feel that and remain heathen, or in other words remain sad. It is a certain special sense of significance, which the tradition that most values it calls sacramental. To have got back to it, or forward to it, at one bound of boyhood, out of the black Sabbath of a Calvinist town, was a miracle of imagination.
In noting that he may well have this place in history in the sense of religious and of national history, I make no attempt here to fix his place in literature. He is in any case one of the kind that it is most difficult to fix. He wrote nothing empty; but he wrote much that is rather too full, and of which the appreciation depends rather on a sympathy with the substance than on the first sight of the form. As a matter of fact, the mystics have not often been men of letters in the finished and almost professional sense. A thoughtful man will now find more to think about in Vaughan or Crashaw than in Milton, but he will also find more to criticize; and nobody need deny that in the ordinary sense a casual reader may wish there was less of Blake and more of Keats. But even this allowance must not be exaggerated; and it is in exactly the same sense in which we pity a man who has missed the whole of Keats or Milton, that we can feel compassion for the critic who has not walked in the forest of Phantastes or made the acquaintance of Mr. Cupples in the adventures of Alec Forbes.
This work is part of George MacDonald (Advent 2020). The issue is available in both print and digital format (Kindle, Nook, and epub.)
G.K. Chesterton, "On George MacDonald," An Unexpected Journal: George MacDonald 3, no. 4. (Advent 2020), 213-222. First published as an introduction to George MacDonald and His Wife by Greville M. MacDonald (1924).
Direct Link: https://anunexpectedjournal.com/on-george-macdonald/
Phantastes: Enchanting Beauty and Sacrificial Love
Goodness, Truth and Beauty


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