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Posts Tagged 'John F Kennedy'
Snowden Movie Misses Key Purpose of NSA Spying – Monitoring CIA Covert Operations
January 15, 2017 exopolitics research, world politics
The movie Snowden by Oliver Stone performs a masterful job in depicting efforts by the National Security Agency (NSA) in comprehensively gathering up electronic communications between people and organizations in the U.S. and all over the world. Stone correctly displays the routine violation of U.S. constitutional rights such practices entail, and why Edward Snowden was motivated to become a whistleblower and leak official state secrets to journalists in order to reveal what was happening.
The movie frames the core issue raised by Snowden as personal privacy being a right protected by the US Constitution, except in cases where courts grant exceptions due to criminal activities or national security. In the case of the NSA, the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (FISA) had become a judicial rubber stamp for NSA spying. Snowden, however, revealed that personal privacy is routinely violated without any FISA court rulings, and with no transparency and accountability in the process used by the NSA and the intelligence community more generally.
Subsequently, journalists such as Glenn Greenwald and Laura Poitras have seen their careers skyrocket as a result of their coverage of Snowden's releases, and the need to curtail state sanctioned violations of personal privacy on spurious national security grounds. In short, the NSA and intelligence community should not be allowed to spy on private citizens without solid legal justification.
This raises the question of why is the NSA and the intelligence community spying on private citizens, and violating U.S. constitutional norms in the process? What Snowden the movie suggests is that the "war on terror", which is used to justify individual surveillance, is a mere figleaf for more long-term cyber threats posed by China and Russia, and the need to give U.S. corporations a competitive edge against international rivals.
This is where Snowden and the journalists covering his revelations fail to see the big picture emerging from deeper forces at play when it comes to NSA spying on private citizens. First, we need to separate the military intelligence community comprising the NSA, Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), etc., from civilian controlled organizations such as the Central Intelligence Agency.
While the chief purpose of the NSA, DIA and other military intelligence organizations is to conduct intelligence and counter-intelligence operations, it is the CIA which is uniquely tasked by the U.S. Congress to conduct covert operations. This is where the CIA will send its operatives into countries and organizations not merely to gather intelligence or perform counter-intelligence, but to conduct covert operations including sabotage, blackmail, coups, false flag operations, assassination, etc.
What further needs to be considered is that the CIA since its inception in 1947 under President Harry Truman, has conducted its covert operations without genuine oversight or transparency. There is literally no mechanism within the U.S. bureaucracy by which CIA covert operations can be understood, let alone accounted for. This led to Truman famously regretting his decision to enable the CIA to go beyond mere "human intelligence" gathering. He said on December 22, 1963:
I think it has become necessary to take another look at the purpose and operations of our Central Intelligence Agency — CIA . . . For some time I have been disturbed by the way the CIA has been diverted from its original assignment. It has become an operational and at times a policy-making arm of the Government. This has led to trouble and may have compounded our difficulties in several explosive areas. . . . We have grown up as a nation, respected for our free institutions and for our ability to maintain a free and open society. There is something about the way the CIA has been functioning that is casting a shadow over our historic position and I feel that we need to correct it.
Coming one month after President Kennedy's assassination, Truman was ominously hinting at a CIA link to the national tragedy
In contrast to the CIA, military intelligence operations are conducted in conformity with the Uniform Code of Military Justice, and run according to a strict chain of command. Basically, at the apex of the NSA, and other military intelligence organizations, the officials running these agencies can be held accountable for their actions.
What further compounds the problem with CIA covert operations is who does the CIA work for? On the surface, the CIA works for the U.S. Congress and Executive Branch of Government including the U.S. President. That is largely correct when it comes to the CIA analytical division, what Truman pointed to as its "original assignment", but what about its covert operations division which has been known over the years by a number of names, the current one being the "National Clandestine Service"?
There is abundant evidence that CIA covert operations are controlled by a "Shadow Government," which has its own agenda, entirely separate to the "Representative Government," periodically elected. This "Shadow Government" involves elite groups and other mysterious forces who are presently accountable to no one, and want to keep things that way.
Deceased US Senator Daniel Inouye famously said:
There exists a shadowy Government with its own Air Force, its own Navy, its own fundraising mechanism, and the ability to pursue its own ideas of the national interest, free from all checks and balances, and free from the law itself.
When President John F. Kennedy attempted to gain access to the CIA's most closely guarded secrets about UFOs, he was assassinated in a covert action led by the chief of CIA counterintelligence, James Jesus Angleton. My book, Kennedy's Last Stand, documents how Angleton was following a set of directives given to him by a mysterious control group known as Majestic 12 to respond to Kennedy and any future President who might become a problem concerning control over the UFO topic.
Consequently, when it comes to answering the question, "why is the NSA spying on private citizens", the answer is more complex than the NSA simply wanting to know about citizens' private affairs in order to more effectively deal with global terrorism. The NSA and the military intelligence community is more interested in learning about covert CIA activities, and how this impacts U.S. national security.
This then adds a new layer of complexity to the Snowdon movie. Prior to becoming an NASA operative, Snowden was a CIA analyst who allegedly became disenchanted with its covert operations, and resigned. After resuming his work with the CIA, Snowden was transferred to the Hawaii branch of Booz Allen Hamilton, an NSA contractor, ostensibly for healthier working conditions.
This raises the questions, was Snowdon a CIA mole whose job was to expose NSA spying, or was he alternatively set up by the CIA so that he would eventually reveal the truth about the NSA data collection operations as a whistleblower?
The true goal of such a CIA covert operation then was not to reveal the NSA's spying activities in order to protect American civil liberties, but to curtail the effectiveness of the NSA's intelligence gathering on CIA covert operations. This was done in order to keep hidden not just CIA operatives, but the puppet masters behind the CIA covert operations whose power and influence extends to sitting U.S. Presidents. This was a lesson President Kennedy learned the hard way, and President-Elect Trump is already learning with the CIA's covert operations to undermine his incoming administration.
In this regard, former NSA employee and investigative reporter, Wayne Madsen, said:
The CIA's effort to deny Trump the presidency is being supported by a cavalcade of retired CIA officials, including former director Michael Hayden, former acting director Michael Morell, and former clandestine services officer Robert Baer. These and other former CIA officials would not be attacking Trump's credentials to serve as president without a wink and a nod from current CIA director John Brennan.
If the above analysis is correct, what this suggests is that Snowden is at best an unwitting dupe manipulated by the CIA, or at worst a CIA mole whose real mission was to impact NSA intelligence gathering operations which pose a threat to CIA covert operations.
It is understandable that if the U.S. military intelligence community was aware of the full extent of CIA operations involving sabotage, blackmail, false flag events, assassination, in the U.S. and around the world, that some of these operations would be neutralized. This is especially significant when it comes to the incoming inauguration ceremony of President Trump.
On the very day and time that Trump is to be inaugurated, news has emerged that the Army General commanding the D.C. National Guard is to be relieved of duty at 12:01 pm in the midst of the inauguration ceremony.
The U.S. Army general who heads the D.C. National Guard and is an integral part of overseeing the inauguration said Friday he has been ordered removed from command effective Jan. 20, 12:01 p.m., just as Donald Trump is sworn in as president. Maj. Gen. Errol R. Schwartz's departure will come in the midst of the presidential ceremony, classified as a national special security event — and while thousands of his troops are deployed to help protect the nation's capital during an inauguration he has spent months helping to plan.
The Washington Post interviewed Schwartz on Friday January 13, and reported his answers to his puzzling dismissal orders from an unknown Pentagon source:
"The timing is extremely unusual," Schwartz said in an interview Friday morning, confirming a memo announcing his ouster that was obtained by The Washington Post. During the inauguration, Schwartz would command not only the members of the D.C. guard but also an additional 5,000 unarmed troops sent in from across the country to help. He also would oversee military air support protecting the nation's capital during the inauguration. "My troops will be on the street," said Schwartz, who turned 65 in October. "I'll see them off, but I won't be able to welcome them back to the armory." He said he would "never plan to leave a mission in the middle of a battle."
The confusion already caused by this mysterious order received by Schwartz is a tell-tale sign of a CIA covert operation in the making.
While Snowden, Greenwald and Poitras are to be commended for their forceful advocacy of civil liberties, and unaccountable national security state encroachments upon these liberties, they fail to take into account the deeper layers of the global control system, whereby the CIA's covert operations are ultimately directed by a Shadow Government.
The CIA's covert operations have long been a rogue element in the U.S. national security system, one that the military intelligence community has attempted to monitor and curtail when appropriate. That is especially important with the incoming Trump administration and CIA covert actions already underway against it.
Robert Kennedy concluded rogue CIA assassinated President Kennedy
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Trump Victory Due to FBI Stopping False Flag Alien Invasion
More CIA documents confirm validity of leaked Monroe JFK UFO document
Jump Room to Mars: Did CIA Groom Obama & Basiago as future Presidents?
CIA Sanctioned Disclosure of Time Travel & Mars Bases in 2016 Presidential Bid
Did space aliens kill President Kennedy?
March 23, 2015 exopolitics research
A new book on UFOs and U.S. Presidents has created quite a stir with sensational headlines about an alien connection to the JFK assassination by several mainstream U.S. news media sources. The New York Post led the charge on March 22 with the headline: "Aliens killed Kennedy! And other wild tales of UFOs vs. the USA." The Business Standard followed up today with the headline: "Aliens planned John F. Kennedy's assassination, claims author." So did space aliens really kill President Kennedy?
The headlines derive from Larry Holcombe's new book, The Presidents and UFOs: A Secret History from FDR to Obama. In it Holcomb covers the history of how U.S. Presidents have responded to the UFO issue. Holcomb cites a number of FOIA documents and leaked "Majestic" documents in presenting his history. The chapter on President Kennedy is what got mainstream media attention. Here is how the New York Post summarized Holcombe's views:
Holcombe cites a classified CIA communication from the Kennedy era that reads, in part, "when conditions become nonconductive for growth in our environment and Washington cannot be influenced any further . . . it should be 'wet.' " Since "wet" was Soviet code for "assassination," Holcombe thinks this could be CIA code for a plot to kill Kennedy. Why? He was considering telling the world that aliens existed, of course.
The classified CIA document is known among UFO researchers as the "Burned Memo", and has generated much interest since first made available by Dr Robert Wood and Ryan Wood on their Majestic.com website. The "Burned Memo" does indicate that a mysterious committee called the MJ-12 Special Studies group was setting policy on how to respond to President Kennedy's efforts to get access to classified UFOs. The "Burned Memo" contains eight directives – the last of which was an assassination directive called "Project Environment."
The 2013 book, Kennedy's Last Stand: Eisenhower, UFOs, MJ-12 & JFK's Assassination goes into length about the membership of MJ-12 and the timeline behind the drafting of the Burned Memo. Kennedy's Last Stand asserts that the CIA's head of counterintelligence, James Jesus Angleton, orchestrated the JFK assassination on behalf of the directives issued by the MJ-12 Group. Kennedy's Last Stand identifies the most likely members of the MJ-12 committee at the time the Burned Memo was drafted. All were prominent military and civilian officials – none of whom appeared to be space aliens. So the New York Post article doesn't appear to be correct in making the case that space aliens were responsible for Kennedy's assassination.
However, before dismissing any alien involvement in the Kennedy assassination, one needs to consider the full implications of what President Obama said on March 12 on Jimmy Kimmel Live. In response to Kimmel's question about how he would seek to gain access to UFO files and Area 51 if he were president, Obama said:
The aliens won't let it happen. You'd reveal all their secrets. They exercise strict control over us.
While Obama's comments were widely interpreted as a joke by most mainstream media, it's important to mention that only a month earlier, John Podesta, Obama's counselor for energy policy and the environment said that his biggest failure for 2014 was: "Once again not securing the #disclosure of the UFO files."
Podesta's frank admission of failure was interpreted as evidence that there exist powerful government and/or corporate forces enforcing UFO secrecy. Obama's comments on Jimmy Kimmel Live raises another possibility. Space aliens themselves, at least some of them, play a key role in maintaining UFO secrecy.
Podesta's frustration over the inability of the Obama administration to gain access to classified UFO files was almost certainly shared by President Obama. Podesta's statement now makes clear the full context of Obama's space alien comments on Jimmy Kimmel live. His comment that space aliens "exercise strict control over us" was no joke. He was making an important admission about who was ultimately in control when it comes to gaining access to classified UFO files.
If space aliens were responsible for blocking the Obama's administration's access to classified UFO then it stands to reason that they played a similar role during the Kennedy administration. Kennedy's interest in UFO files started during World War 2 when he witnessed captured Nazi technologies, some of which were UFOs, is discussed in Kennedy's Last Stand. A new Kickstarter film project that goes into more detail on Kennedy's knowledge of Nazi UFOs, reverse engineering captured UFOs and alien life is planned to be released on Nov 22, the 52nd anniversary of the JFK assassination.
The New York Post and Business Standard headlines on aliens and the JFK assassination may appear to be outlandish. Yet when one examines all the available evidence on President Kennedy's knowledge of classified UFOs and Obama's recent comments, it may not be that outlandish after all. Space aliens, at least some of them, may have played a key role in the Kennedy Assassination.
Obama says space aliens control USA: Was he joking?
Obama White House denied access to UFO files
Obama counsel admits to failed effort to declassify UFO files
Obama and top officials secretly briefed on extraterrestrial cover-up
Kennedy's Last Stand: Roots of JFK Assassination lie in what he saw in 1945
May 21, 2014 exopolitics research
Summary of analysis of Leaked CIA document in response to critical analysis. Source: Lee Nicholson
On May 19, 2014 Lee Nicholson from the popular Outpost Forum, announced the results of a detailed analysis of more declassified documents from the CIA electronic archives that help confirm the validity of a leaked document allegedly of a CIA wiretap of Marilyn Monroe and her closest friends. Monroe had been under CIA surveillance due to her friendship with the Kennedy brothers and communist sympathizers up to the time of her mysterious death on August 5, 1962, two days after the Wiretap document. The Wiretap document is a summary of her recent phone conversations where she planned a "tell all" press conference revealing President Kennedy's secrets and knowledge about a retrieved UFO at a USAF facility. In response to a critical analysis of his initial article about his research at the CIA electronic archives, Nicholson analyzed further CIA documents that addressed the criticisms and published the results. His conclusion is that the Wiretap document matches authentic CIA documents so closely "that it could not have been faked without access to CIA archives." Consequently, the leaked wiretap document is either an authentic CIA document leaked to the public, or a document that was created by some with access to the CIA archives who likely had authorization to do so.
In response to Nicholson's first article released on April 14, four key points emerged in a critical analysis of his research. These were:
1. All CIA documents from that time frame contained a phrase on the bottom of the page which stated: "Automatically declassified by code xxxx on xx/xx/xxxx." This is noticeably absent on the Marilyn wiretap document. 2. The classification "Top Secret – Not for publication" never appeared on documents. It is a non sequitur. The ranking of a document as "Top Secret" is and of itself the actual highest ranking, higher even than any document containing other code names or phrases along with the Top Secret stamp. 3. The document is also missing a border color. It should have a blue stripe on it. 4. The CIA was not using typewriters in 1963. By that time everything that was typed came from either teletype machines or by early computers and printers.
Nicholson used newly declassified Information Reports from the CIA's electronic archives to answer each of the criticisms. In response to the first criticism, he found that Information Reports contain classification information at the very bottom. In the leaked CIA Wiretap document, Nicholson points out:
One thing we can say for sure is that our leaked document has been cropped both top and bottom, it does not contain the words "Information Report", this may have been done accidently or on purpose by the individual that leaked the document.
Information Report with Multiple Markings. Click image to expand. Source: Lee Nicholson
With regard to the second point, Nicholson found multiple classification stamps on CIA documents. This signified that documents are routinely downgraded and stamped accordingly prior to release. He provided an example of a CIA document with multiple security stamps. He wrote:
It is my contention therefore that the Marilyn Wiretap was initially classified Top Secret but was later downgraded prior to leaking, at which time the second "NOT FOR PUBLICATION" stamp was added.
Regarding the third point, of a missing border color, Nicholson points out that it is missing due to the document being cropped prior to being leaking.
Finally, with regard to the document being created using a type writer or teletype machine, Nicholson analyzed the fonts of the leaked document and declassified CIA documents and found them to be virtually identical with each other as he demonstrated in a comparison graphic. He wrote:
Type face comparison between leaked CIA document and a declassified CIA Information Report. Source: Lee Nicholson
Whether the Marilyn wiretap document was hand typed or printed is really as moot point, as either way it is 100% consistent with declassified CIA Information Reports …
Nicholson's conclusion from his analysis of a number of declassified CIA Information Reports is that the Monroe wiretap document was an Information Report subjected to a review prior to its dissemination. Nicholson suggested:
… either a semi-official declassification process occurred, in the case of a sanctioned release. Or an extremely cautious and experienced archivist sanitized the document before it was passed to Tim Cooper in 1992, if the document was smuggled out and leaked without consent.
The implications of Nicholson's research are staggering. Authenticating the allegedly leaked CIA Wiretap document shows not only that Monroe was under official surveillance by the CIA, but that her death was more than likely linked to her planned tell all press conference. Monroe's knowledge that President Kennedy had seen artifacts from a crashed UFO housed at a classified Air Force facility would have shocked the nation then. Today, such knowledge not only helps explains Monroe's mysterious death two days after the Wiretap document date, but also casts light on JFK's assassination just over a year later.
New evidence emerges that Monroe planned to reveal JFK saw crashed UFOs
April 15, 2014 exopolitics research
Comparison of Monroe Wiretap document with declassified CIA Information Report. Source: Outpost Forum
New evidence has just been released supporting the authenticity of a leaked CIA document allegedly of wiretaps of Marilyn Monroe and her friends shortly before her suspicious death on August 4, 1962. The wiretap document revealed that Monroe was planning to give a press conference about what President Kennedy had told her of a visit to an undisclosed Air Force facility where he saw the debris of a crashed UFO. The Monroe wiretap document was first leaked in 1992 to a UFO researcher, and was made public in 1994. It has not been confirmed by the CIA to be genuine, and remains open to dispute. The new evidence that was revealed yesterday shows that the leaked document conforms closely to a standard classified Information Report form used by the CIA in 1963. Either someone broke the law by forging or using a standard CIA Information Report form for classified reports at the time of Monroe's death, or the Monroe wiretap document was indeed a classified report about a wiretap of Monroe and her friends.
This is what the alleged CIA wiretap document, dated August 3, 1962, had to say about Monroe's knowledge of Kennedy and UFOs:
Rothberg indicated in so many words, that she [Monroe] had secrets to tell, no doubt arising from her trists [sic] with the President and the Attorney General. One such "secret" mentions the visit by the President at a secret air base for the purpose of inspecting things from outer space.
2. Subject repeatedly called the Attorney General and complained about the way she was being ignored by the President and his brother.
3. Subject threatened to hold a press conference and would tell all.
The discoverer of the CIA intelligence report is Lee Nicholson from the Outpost Forum. In his April 14 forum post he described what he found after visiting the CIA's electronic reading room:
During the process of researching this article I spent several hours at the CIA's electronic reading room looking at documents from the 1960s, in an attempt to find examples of similar typeface to that seen in our questioned document …. I discovered a CIA Information Report dated 18th March, 1963 with the subject heading: "Projected Soviet Space Launchings" which was declassified on the 16th of July 2011. This authentic CIA information report is an almost perfect match in style and presentation for the leaked 'Marilyn document'.
Nicholson went on to describe new facts emerging from a comparison between the declassified CIA document and the Monroe wiretap document:
In fact a close comparison gleans some important new facts. Firstly, we can now see that both documents use the exact same form letter or template information report. Presumably the author would have a stack of these 'blank' forms which would be placed into a typewriter to add the relevant information before classification and distribution. We can also see that both documents contain the same secondary typeface, which is in fact Courier type commonly used on IBM typewriters in the 1960s.
Nicholson then described a series of parallels between the declassified 1963 Information Report and the leaked Monroe wiretap document. His conclusion was that they closely matched suggesting that the Monroe document is genuine.
The implications of the Monroe wiretap document being genuine are astounding. It reveals that only one day before her death, Monroe was planning a press conference that would reveal what President Kennedy had confidentially told her about UFOs. The fact that the CIA was monitoring her and wiretapping her phone calls, directly implicates the CIA in her suspicious death and the cover-up of information concerning UFOs.
© Copyright 2014. Michael E. Salla, Ph.D.
Secret Kennedy extraterrestrial briefing strengthens UFO assassination theories
Kennedy assassination anniversary – the UFO factor
Kennedy linked US-USSR space missions with classified UFO files
October 9, 2013 exopolitics research
Now Available at Amazon.com
Just before the start of his first term on January 20, 1993, President-Elect Clinton made a strange request to close family friend and lawyer Webster Hubbell: "If I put you over there in justice I want you to find the answer to two questions for me: One, who killed JFK. And two, are there UFOs." According to Hubbell, "Clinton was dead serious." The key to unlocking the mystery of President Kennedy's assassination and a possible UFO connection lie in events that occurred 18 years earlier in post-war Germany.
In the summer of 1945, John F. Kennedy was a guest of Navy Secretary James Forrestal in a post-war tour of Germany. Kennedy personally witnessed technological secrets that have still not been disclosed to the general public. These secrets stemmed from technologies that Nazi Germany had acquired from around the world, and were attempting to develop for their weapons programs. The advanced technologies stunned the military government running the U.S. zone of occupied Germany. How did the Nazis develop them? The answer according to the father of German rocket design, Herman Oberth, shocked U.S. military officials. The Nazis had help from "the people of others worlds" – some of the technologies were extraterrestrial in origin.
In searching for answers to who killed President Kennedy we need to start with the death of his mentor, James Forrestal in 1949. Forrestal became the first Secretary of Defense in 1947, a position he held until March, 1949. Forrestal was a visionary who thought Americans had a right to know about the existence of extraterrestrial life and technologies. Forrestal was sacked by President Truman because he was revealing the truth to various officials, including Kennedy who was a Congressman at the time. Forrestal's ideals and vision inspired Kennedy, and laid the seed for what would happen 12 years later.
After winning the 1960 Presidential election, Kennedy learned a shocking truth from President Eisenhower. The control group set up to run highly classified extraterrestrial technologies, Majestic-12, had become a rogue government agency. Eisenhower warned Kennedy that Majestic-12 had to be reined in. It posed a direct threat to American liberties and democratic processes. Kennedy followed Eisenhower's advice, and set out to realize James Forrestal's vision. The same forces that orchestrated Forrestal's death, opposed Kennedy's efforts at every turn. When Kennedy was on the verge of succeeding, by forcing the CIA to share classified UFO information with other government agencies on November 12, 1963, he was assassinated ten days later.
Kennedy's Last Stand is a book about how two American Presidents, Eisenhower and Kennedy, confronted "black world" operations outside of the control of "white world" constitutional government representatives. Kennedy's Last Stand reveals how JFK tried to realize his friend's and mentor's vision of a world where humanity openly knows about extraterrestrial life. The book reveals for the first time, the principal government officials responsible for denying that vision, and orchestrating the assassination of President Kennedy.
Kennedy's Last Stand: Eisenhower, UFOs, MJ-12 and JFK's Assassination by Michael E. Salla, Ph.D., becomes available at Amazon on October 22, 2013 – one month before the 50th anniversary of the JFK Assassination.
Click here for book reviews.
Now Available from Amazon or order your personally autographed copy here!


Lets face it, no "startup" is easy and in todays times it seems even harder to get that "startup" out the door and earning some money.
This blog will be my frank and honest view of just how we intend getting our "startup" out the door and earning some money.
I intend writing this blog with a glass of wine in my hand, relaxing at the end of a long day. You will not find market analysis, statistics or any other boardroom speak. This is not that kind of blog. I hope that it will be entertaining, educational, but most of all I hope that it will be collaborative and that those who are in a similar position will share this journey with me.
Now lets get to work….
March 7, 2008 in General.


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What is considered sexual harassment in the workplace?
The Fica Bill: What does it mean for you?
Title deeds when buying or selling property
Sexual harassment is unwanted conduct of a sexual nature. The unwanted nature of sexual harassment distinguishes it from behaviour that is welcome and mutual. According to the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA), sexual attention becomes sexual harassment if:
The behaviour is persisted in, although a single incident of harassment can constitute sexual harassment; and/or
The recipient has made it clear that the behaviour is considered offensive; and/or
The perpetrator should have known that the behaviour is regarded as unacceptable.
Forms of sexual harassment
It's important to understand what constitutes sexual harassment. Sexual harassment may include unwelcome physical, verbal or non-verbal conduct, but is not limited to the following examples:
Physical conduct of a sexual nature includes all unwanted physical contact, ranging from touching to sexual assault and rape, and includes a strip search by or in the presence of the opposite sex.
Verbal forms of sexual harassment include unwelcome innuendoes, suggestions and hints, sexual advances, comments with sexual overtones, sex-related jokes or insults or unwelcome graphic comments about a person's body made in their presence or directed toward them, unwelcome and inappropriate enquiries about a person's sex life, and unwelcome whistling directed at a person or group of persons.
Non-verbal forms of sexual harassment include unwelcome gestures, indecent exposure, and the unwelcome display of sexually explicit pictures and objects.
Quid pro quo harassment occurs where an owner, employer, supervisor, member of management or co-employee, undertakes or attempts to influence the process of employment, promotion, training, discipline, dismissal, salary increment or other benefit of an employee or job applicant, in exchange for sexual favours.
The Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration, Code of Good Practice on Sexual Harassment
Considerations for dismissal based on refusal to be vaccinated
Have you finally had enough?
Is resigning a get out of jail free card?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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by Nick Carver
Previous post: Introduction to The Flock
I've been working on a rough prototype of the main gameplay mechanics. It's of course, very rough at this point, but I think it's still interesting enough to show the progress so far.
First of all, I wanted to get some flocking animals up and running as quickly as possible. There's an asset called 'Herdsim' on the Asset Store that is a bit limited and outdated BUT it is more than enough to use as a way to test the hypothesis of the herding mechanics. I adapted the scripts within HerdSim to allow the herd to receive commands en masse (follow, stop, move to waypoint etc.). I also replaced the legacy animations with something a bit better. It's still super rough right now, but at least the animals' legs bend the correct way when they walk now(!).
The next thing I wanted to tackle was the idea of giving commands to herd animals according to a (dynamically growing) radius. I want the calls from the players' instruments to radiate outwards from them so that animals will hear the command at different times depending on their distance from the player(s). Since soundwaves - without obstacles - travel in a roughly spherical way I cast an overlap sphere from the player's location and gradually scale it up; and send a command event to each animal as it enters the sphere. I colour-coded the behaviour states so I could see if the commands were being received or not (green = following, orange = reached target, red = stop following)
After I got the command radius working ok, I started to experiment with an input method for the instrument that will communicate calls to the herd. I want the playing of the instrument to have some freedom and analog feel to it so that there's a degree of skill to the mechanic and also so that players can potentially be expressive and creative with it. So, rather than using buttons to play a preset number of musical notes (like in Ocarina of Time, Wind Waker etc.), I tried modulating the pitch with an analog stick. With the instrument selected - I'm thinking of it as a horn currently, but could be other instruments too - you hold a button to start blowing and then move the stick to create different pitches (this is done by converting the analog's vertical axis values into a pitch range). It's still very rough right now, but I think there's some potential to this method (or something like it). I spent quite a bit of time playing around with different combinations of notes and I think my family wondered what I was doing since there were strange noises coming from my office for hours!
Here's some audio of me playing some notes modulated with the analog stick.
Call Commands
With a working input method for the instrument, I wanted to create some musical calls that would be used to communicate commands to the herd. The reach of the commands should be dictated by how accurately a call is played, so I wrote a script that takes pitch and timing into account. So:
If a player plays the right notes with correct timing then the command sphere will radiate out to its maximum distance
If they play the correct notes, but at a slower speed, then the command will travel a shorter distance
If they play an incorrect note, or 'fall off' the correct note then no command will be sent/the command will be cancelled.
At this point I've only scripted the note sequence for two commands (Follow and Stop) but I'm planning to add more soon.
Here's a link to the instrument being used in the prototype (sound required!):
In addition to the basic functionality of the prototype, I've been iterating on the overall look for the project. The illustration I created previously was effective as a static piece of artwork, but I'm thinking that I might evolve the visuals a bit to make the environments less contrasty, more painterly and allow the characters to pop from the background more as a result. I still want the overall aesthetic to be bold and graphical in terms of silhouettes, but I think some subtle, impressionistic detailing within the textures could work well. Here's a simple visual target I created in Unity/Photoshop to test out the updated visual direction:
I want to spend some time working on cooperative aspects of the gameplay. First of all, I'm planning to experiment with the idea of players playing their instruments in unison (For instance, I'm imagining that playing the same call simultaneously will mean that the its effective radius will grow much larger to encourage cooperation). Also, I want to spend some time evaluating different options for authoring terrains within Unity and create a real-time visual target which includes flock animals as well as players within an environment.
Next post: The Flock Devlog #2


Writers Speak Wednesdays, the popular series of readings and author talks sponsored by the MFA in Creative Writing and Literature program at Stony Brook Southampton, returns for the spring semester on Wednesday, February 15, at 7 pm with a reading by Helen Schulman in the Radio Lounge at the Stony Brook Southampton campus.
Schulman is the author of the novels This Beautiful Life, A Day at the Beach, P.S., The Revisionist and Out of Time, and the short story collection Not a Free Show. She teaches in the writing program at The New School where she is fiction coordinator.
On February 22 Michael Shnayerson and David Margolick, both long-time contributing editors at Vanity Fair, are the featured authors. Future guests in the series include Carl Safina, Hillary Thayer Hamann, Scott Chaskey, Rachel Pastan, Larry Kirshbaum in conversation with Daniel Menaker, Joshua Henkin and Ann Packer.
All readings are free and open to the public. The Radio Lounge is on the second floor of Chancellors Hall at Stony Brook Southampton, 239 Montauk Highway, Southampton.
For information visit www.stonybrook.edu/mfa or call (631) 632-5287.


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Home Entertainment Sports
US women's soccer star Rose Lavelle dressed adult as Mia Hamm for propagandize project
Rose Lavelle scored a pivotal idea during a U.S. feat over a Netherlands in a Women's World Cup final on Sunday and her abbreviation propagandize took notice.
St. Vincent Ferrer School in Cincinnati posted a print of a immature Lavelle dressed adult as Mia Hamm. The propagandize pronounced on Facebook she dressed like a soccer good for a book-sharing plan and posted a corresponding print of her in a dress and what she looked like after a U.S. won on Sunday.
US WOMEN'S WORLD CUP WINNINGS: HERE'S HOW MUCH THE SOCCER PLAYERS WILL TAKE HOME
"Once on a time, this small lady dressed adult as her hero, Mia Hamm, for a book pity project," a post read. "Today, this extraordinary lady won her possess bullion medal, wearing a series 16, as partial of a United States National Women's Team that won their 4th World Cup Championship AND she won a Bronze Ball as a third best actor in a tournament! Now, small girls everywhere demeanour adult to her, and will be operative tough to turn like Rose.
"Here's to you, Rose Lavelle, and a whole Lavelle Family. The St. Vincent Ferrer School and Church Community are so unapproachable of you!"
The design garnered some-more than 11,000 reactions on Facebook and some-more than 3,000 shares.
Lavelle's idea Sunday was her third of a tournament. It gave a U.S. some respirating room during a team's 2-0 win.
Tags: dressedlavelleprojectschoolsoccerwomen
US women's soccer star Rose Lavelle dressed up as Mia Hamm for school project
Coco Gauff's incredible Wimbledon runs comes to an end in round of 16


Nurses at the hospital have been working overtime every day, according to the Ontario Nurses Association, which is raising concerns about burnout and quality of care.
The union representing Ontario nurses is raising concerns about staff burnout and quality of patient care as Windsor Regional Hospital enters a third straight week dealing with a bed shortage.
Several surgeries have been cancelled as the hospital grapples with overcrowding issues caused by an influx of patients throughout the hospital system.
The number of patients admitted over hospital capacity continued to climb Monday. Met campus was running at 109 per cent capacity while the Ouellette Campus was at 102 per cent, according to the latest figures.
Staff have been working overtime every day, according to Vicki McKenna, vice-president with the Ontario Nurses' Association.
"At the front line, what the nurses are most worried about is their ability to continue to care for people properly," she said. "You have nurses working excessive overtime, trying to cover the bases."
Surgeries were cancelled due to the backlog of beds last week and McKenna said burnout has become a legitimate concern for staff.
"There comes a point when it's a risk situation, and that's what they're most worried about," she said.
In a statement sent to CBC, a spokesman for the Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care highlighted investments the government has made to increase hospital funding and reduce wait times.
"We will continue to work with hospitals and communities to keep improving the level of care we provide to patients in Windsor and across this province," wrote David Jensen.


It's not all sparkles, party-time and un-ending barrels of Dorwinion wine in the underground halls of Thranduil's stronghold.
In fact, if one delves a little into Unfinished Tales a number emerge why one should consider Thranduil quite a formidable ruler, especially in relation to some of his elven peers. Here are four of mine (you may have more).
Consider this: the Silvan/Sindarin kingdom of Oropher and Thranduil has out-endured every other Middle-earth realm except the Grey Havens on the ocean side of the Blue Mountains, and, probably, Lorien.
The Tale of Years gives Second Age 1 as the date of the founding of the Havens. It is not known for certain when Oropher and Thranduil travelled eastward to Greenwood the Great (later renamed Mirkwood) out of the ruin of the realms of Beleriand. However, the Tale of Years indicates it occurred before Sauron built Barad-dur, which was completed sometime around S.A. 1000.
…came from Doriath after its ruin and had no desire to leave Middle-earth, nor to be merged with the other Sindar of Beleriand, dominated by the Noldorin Exiles for whom the folk of Doriath had no great love.
Unfinished Tales, The Sindarin Princes of the Silvan Elves.
In any case, Oropher brought together the scattered Silvan elves of the Greenwood under his leadership, establishing the kingdom that Bilbo is a "guest" of more than 5,400 years later.
Lest you think this is all great PR for Oropher, Thranduil is boss for a good 3,400 of those years. In that time he had to contend with the rise of The Necromancer on his southern borders, and at least one dragon lurking not far to the north. In the meantime, Arnor and its successor states had come and gone, Erebor and Dale likewise, and Eregion had both risen high, and fallen into dust. Khazad-dûm had long been abandoned to Durin's Bane, and the twin dwarf cities of Nogrod and Belegost were but a memory.
Unfortunately, Oropher may have too obstinate about remaining separate from the Noldrin influence. It proves his and his people's undoing during the War of the Last Alliance.
…they were independent, and not disposed to place themselves under the supreme command of Gil-galad. Their losses were thus more grievous than they need have been, even in that terrible war… Oropher was slain in the first assault upon Mordor, rushing forward at the head of his most doughty warriors before Gil-galad had given the signal for the advance.
Who's left to salvage the remnant of Oropher's forces and ensure they don't all get turned into orcburgers? Thranduil. The losses of the Sindarin elves are still very heavy — if only because they are more lightly armed and armoured than the Noldor — but they survive in enough numbers that a large force of orcs that later ambushes Isildur near the Gladden Fields allows them to pass unmolested.


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Lessons On Trauma Care From Humpty Dumpty
A trauma victim and life coach speaks out: how a nursery rhyme inspired a sense of agency and self-care that sparked trauma recovery, personal transformation, and even post-traumatic growth.
Burton M. Fischler, M.A., Certified Life Coach, M.A., Certified Life Coach at COACH BURTON LLC
Credit: antonbrand
After taking a stroll in Central Park on a perfect summer's day, I was returning home to my apartment on Manhattan's Upper East Side, when — quite unexpectedly — a detective approached me and informed me that — my wife had been bludgeoned to death with a large chef's knife. Based on crime scene observations, while quietly resting in our bed, my wife was repeatedly and quite mercilessly stabbed by the violent hand of her tormented adult son until she desperately gasped to take her final breath. Years later, after surviving that big trauma and the multiple traumatic events that followed, while on my journey from successful wealth manager to NYC Uber driver, to life coach, I reflected on the Humpty Dumpty nursery rhyme and thought — "yes, I, too, had a great fall."
Isn't it wonderful how a silly nursery rhyme can take us to places in our minds where we can create profound meanings? While the earliest known version of the Humpty Dumpty nursery rhyme was first published in Samuel Arnold's Juvenile Amusements in 1797, the verse that I am most familiar with is the modern-day version that I learned as a child: "Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall, Humpty Dumpty had a great fall. All the king's horses and all the king's men, couldn't put Humpty together again."
I was recently amused to read about the serious attempts that have been made to give deeper meaning, even historic significance, to the Humpty Dumpty rhyme. For me, it was always just a fun, silly, nonsensical nursery rhyme. How about for you? Turns out, it was my interpretation of this silly rhyme's verse that helped me survive extraordinary tragedy. It empowered me by awakening my sense of agency ("or sense of control, the subjective awareness of initiating, executing, and controlling one's own volitional actions in the world," (Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org) helped me begin to heal; and, ultimately, led me on a journey from trauma recovery, to personal transformation, and onward to post-traumatic growth and thriving!
Trauma in Society. Trauma is an unexpected undoing of one's world and one's self — in the blink of an eye. A fragmenting. A loss of one's footing. A loss of all sense of order and stability. A cruel shattering of one's assumptive world. And, in that moment, everything changes, forever.
Trauma can happen to all of us and most probably will. Truth be told, trauma is quite common in our human experience. Sadly, most trauma is caused by humans acting inhumanely towards other humans as a consequence of war, mental illness, depression, family dysfunction, out-of-control hatred, aggression, jealousy, anger, rage, disregard, or disrespect, or as a result of human suffering, loneliness, or greed.
In THEM, Ben Sasse, bestselling author and Nebraska senator, argues that, contrary to conventional wisdom, the current crisis in our nation is not about politics; rather, it is about loneliness. Sasse convincingly illustrates that malignant loneliness explains why local communities are collapsing and current discontents and dysfunctions are rising. It is our anger due to loss of human connection and loneliness that is behind our ever-increasing opioid epidemic; school shootings; hate crimes and hate-motivated mass shootings; domestic violence; and, hit-and-runs. (Sasse, Ben. THEM: Why We Hate Each Other— And How To Heal, St. Martin's Press, 2018). Sasse offers a solution — a path forward that requires that we rediscover real places and human-to-human relationships — rediscover love of our neighbors and our community. In ENLIGHTENMENT NOW, author and Harvard professor of psychology, Steven Pinker, offers a bright light. Pinker's longitudinal research (comparing 50-year periods rather than twitter milliseconds) shows that, when we take a longer view, the human condition is actually improving. "Life, health, prosperity, safety, peace, knowledge, and happiness are on the rise, not just in the West but worldwide." (Pinker, Steven. ENLIGHTENMENT NOW: The Case For Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress, Viking, 2018). So, all is not lost; but, we all have work to do. We must become more vigilant in our intolerance of social injustices. Also, we must become better at managing the care of trauma victims by seeing to it that the trauma-informed care practices demanded of our healthcare professionals are equally demanded of our lawyers and financial advisors, too. Finally, in the midst of the disruption that defines the times in which we live, we must embrace rather than run from personal disruption, since "one of the best ways to cope with, and even harness the forces of mass disruption, is to become the agent of your own disruption — to disrupt yourself." (Johnson, Whitney. Personal Disruption: What Is It and Why You Should Care, October 1, 2015. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/personal-disruption-what-is-it-and-why-you-should-care_b_8219864). Since each of our behaviors have an effect on the rate of traumatic events in the world, each of us has the opportunity, even in the midst of mass disruption, negative news, and fake news reports, to reverse some disturbing short-terms trends through our own personal disruption. We are capable of creating a significantly different outcome by making a very small change in initial conditions, a rippling outwards from the core of our being, as in the butterfly effect. By spreading loving kindness and human connection through our own purposeful daily practices, we can and we must create positive changes in our world.
As all of us know too well, there are many types of trauma, including: genocide; war-related trauma; medical trauma; traumatic loss; sexual assault; child maltreatment; domestic violence; terrorist attacks; mass shootings; and natural disasters. Human-inflicted traumas, those that are a consequence of our own behaviors (or, more accurately, our mis-behaviors) are, perhaps, avoidable. But, that would require us to have a sense of agency — a willingness to take responsibility for our actions and inactions; our deeds and misdeeds, alike; and/or an ability to exercise self-control and intolerance. Far fewer traumatic events are caused by factors beyond our control than within our control. Those traumas that are truly beyond our control include some terminal illnesses and death. Poor nutrition; lack of exercise; smoking tobacco; over-eating; and over-drinking are behaviors that put our health at risk. Are these simply poor behavioral choices? Or, are they caused by what alternative medicine practitioners call dis-ease? Or, are they truly illnesses that are beyond our control? There is growing evidence that even some "natural disasters" are actually caused by humans (i.e., earthquakes caused by global warming).
We don't want to face the reality of trauma's prevalence in our society, but the truth of the matter is that most of us, far more than the majority of us, at one time or another, will experience some form of trauma in our lives. In any given year, about 20 percent of us will experience a potentially traumatic event. But, we prefer to walk around wearing rose-colored glasses. As Stephen Joseph, Ph.D. explains in his provocative and optimistic book, "deep down we all tend to believe that nothing bad will ever happen to us, so when we are faced with the worst, our assumptions about what the world is like and our place in it come under fire." (Joseph, Ph.D., Stephen. WHAT DOESN'T KILL US: The New Psychology of Posttraumatic Growth, Basic Books, 2011).
All the king's horses and all the king's men, couldn't put Humpty together again. Credit: soberve
Back to the rhyme. Once again, I reflected on the line — "Humpty Dumpty had a great fall." "Ok, so what? … Shit happens. And, yes, it happens to us. But, where's the wisdom in that?" The wisdom comes from the meaning that I've given to the next line: All the king's horses and all the king's men, couldn't put Humpty together again. And, why couldn't they put Humpty together again? Because only trauma victims can fix themselves. That doesn't mean that they have to do it alone. They can seek the support of expert companions, fellow trauma survivors, and family or friends. Survivors of trauma can also seek the guidance, treatments, strategies, techniques, resources, and practices of trauma-informed caregivers — traditional, functional, integrative, alternative, and holistic medical doctors and practitioners, psychiatrists, psychotherapists, social workers, and/or life coaches. But, trauma survivors must take charge of their own recovery.
For me personally, it was the meaning I gave to the Humpty Dumpty verse that squarely placed the burden of responsibility for healing on me. And, somehow, that's what gave me the courage to take the necessary steps to overcome my tragedy and move on. It felt like, on a biological level, once I took responsibility, my mind and body somehow knew that it was time to kick into survival mode! It's what Carl Rogers called the actualizing tendency, a natural and inherent driving force, a constant striving towards eudaemonic well-being. The time for licking wounds had passed. Survival and growth was "now, or never." At that moment, I was on the cusp of surviving and healing.
Trauma Recovery. The effects of trauma are multi-dimensional. We experience trauma neurologically, biologically, psychologically, and socially. We experience physical, mental, emotional, and behavioral effects. Trauma is a soul wound, too. It triggers an existential crisis in our human experience, one that has effects on and is affected by our biology, culture, and politics. It tests our resilience and challenges our preparedness. At once — all at once — we are overwhelmed with feelings of shame and vulnerability.
Dr. Joseph explains that while the trauma industry mistakenly places doctor-like responsibility on therapists for their patients recovery, the very word "patient" is problematic, since "trauma is not an illness to be cured by a doctor." Trauma victims are not "sick" in the traditional sense of the word. They don't necessarily need therapy, since trauma victims are not experiencing abnormal reactions to normal events; rather, they are experiencing normal reactions to horrid events. Decades of research on trauma recovery indicate that while mental health professionals can offer guidance and support to trauma victims, "ultimately," as Dr. Joseph further explains, "people must be able to take responsibility for their own recovery and for the meaning that they give to their experiences." Perhaps the following analogy will provide further clarity. While a fitness coach can give you support, motivate you, inspire your self-confidence, show you the best exercise form and regimen, provide the best nutritional guidance, and help you build your strength and endurance, the bottom line is this: only you can do those 25 push-ups. That's right. You have to do it! The same is true when it comes to healing trauma.
As Dr. Joseph emphasizes, scientific evidence shows that people seeking to recover from trauma need to: "1) confront reality; 2) accept their misfortune; and, 3) take responsibility for how they live their lives in its aftermath." In the postscript of his book, Dr. Joseph offers three important messages: "1) you are not alone; 2) trauma is a normal and natural process; and, 3) growth is a journey." Additionally, Dr. Joseph presents a six-step, self-help, THRIVE Model: "1) Taking stock; 2) Harvesting hope; 3) Re-authoring.; 4) Identifying change; 5) Valuing change; and 6) Expressing change in action."
In response to the mental health crisis in America, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) is making great strides in promoting recovery through Self-Direction, an approach that puts the client-in-charge of the direction and pace of his or her own journey and recovery. Today, more than 300 programs with over a million participants are self-directing, including: older adults with long-term care needs; people with physical disabilities; people with intellectual and developmental disabilities; people with traumatic brain injury; families of children with autism; veterans; and, more recently, people with serious mental health conditions and substance use disorders." (Croft, Bevin; Gilmore, Briana; Aguiar, Keith; and Okpalor, Oyeama. Promoting Recovery Through Self-Direction: Strategies and Lessons from New York, June 26, 2018. www.mentalhealthselfdirection.org.). According to Paul Gionfriddo, president and CEO, Mental Health America, "far too many … people are suffering — often in silence. They are not receiving the treatment they need to live healthy and productive lives — and too many simply don't see a way out …. With 43 million Americans having a mental health condition and 57% not receiving treatment, "this country continues to be in crisis when it comes to mental illness." (mentalhealthamerica.net/issues/mental-health-america-printed-reports, December 2, 2014). Therefore, self-direction (guided/supported self-care) is an especially promising approach to providing health and wellness solutions to people in need of, but not receiving, mental health assistance.
Personal Transformation.I would be remiss to broach this subject without first citing the wisdom expressed in one of my favorite Rhymes With Orange cartoons written and drawn by Hilary B. Price. The cartoon depicts a Zen Center with a sign in its window, "Seeking enlightenment? Inquire within." A passerby asks, "Where's the door? A guru sitting on the sidewalk nearby responds, "No door." In the Buddhist culture, the spirals of the Unalome symbol remind us of the many winding roads, the twists and turns experienced by each of us, on our spiritual paths to personal transformation or enlightenment.
Based upon my personal and professional experience, I recommend that trauma survivors consider exploring these healing paths and practices: 1) first and foremost, physical wellness is a priority, including treatments to release trauma from the body, physical activity, optimal nutrition, stress control, and sleep; 2) journaling, rebalancing and prioritizing, self-tracking, self-empowerment, self-efficacy, and self-education; 3) self-love, self-compassion, and self-forgiveness; 4) gratitude and appreciation; 5) forgiveness, kindness, love, compassion, and giving to others; 6) discovery and revering of the authentic self; 7) reframing and reauthoring; 8) mindfulness, reawakening awe, and shinrin-yoku (nature immersion); 9) meditation, yoga, sound healing, music and dance, creative stimulation, i.e., mandala drawing; 10) human and spiritual connection; and, 11) legacy writing. The importance of these paths of self-exploration, personal development, and self-care cannot be emphasized enough. It is through such deep exploration, self-discovery, and daily practice that true happiness can be found. The experience of personal trauma is painful; but, provides a unique opportunity too. Rumi, the 13th century poet, theologian, and mystic expressed it well: "the wound is where the light enters you." It is the shaking up of our being and loss of our footing that opens the door to profound discovery. "The more you recognize the struggle for what it really is and the more you act in accordance with higher self principles, the shorter the crisis will be. In fact, the crisis will transform itself into undreamed-of bliss." (Pierrakos, Eva Broch. The Era of the New Age and New Consciousness, Pathwork Guide Lecture No. 223, 1996. https://pathwork.org/wp-content/uploads/lectures/pdf/E223.PDF).
In my own trauma recovery, I found that I desperately needed to acquire new skills to overcome feelings of powerlessness, shame and guilt, and distrust; reawaken my connection to humans by cultivating reciprocal, respectful relationships; re-establish meaningful activities through work and volunteerism; discover the healing power of reconnecting to my self; and avoid repeating past mistakes or patterns that no longer served me.
My after-trauma journey, from trauma recovery to personal transformation, was prolonged and complex, as was my complex trauma disorder (C-PTSD). Ultimately, it was my choice to survive; guidance and support received from experts and important others; perseverance; self-exploration; spiritual awakenings; and spiritual revelations that helped me open up to the possibility of further growth — like a blossoming flower.
Post-Traumatic Growth. "Psychological growth arises whether or not we experience trauma. But what trauma offers is the potential to heighten the process of growth …. and," according to Dr. Joseph, "people are capable of finding pathways to reverse the destructiveness of trauma and turn it to their advantage." Here's the good news! Despite how foreign the idea is to trauma survivors, the new science of post-traumatic growth (PTG) points to the probability that the outcome of their struggles through trauma and its destructiveness will, somehow, in time, create an opportunity for future growth and transformation. Rendon reports that "a traumatic event, it turns out, is not simply a hardship to be overcome. Instead, it is transformative." (Rendon, Jim. Upside: The New Science of Post-Traumatic Growth, Touchstone, 2015). As a result of having been broken by trauma, we are forced to put ourselves together again. And, in that re-assembling process lies the opportunity to re-evaluate what is important to us – our values, motives, and priorities. While the notion of something positive coming from our deepest wounds is counterintuitive (even guilt-producing) to trauma survivors, research is showing that, despite the psychological pain and struggles associated with trauma and the possibility of their life-lasting effects, there is another (and brighter) side too. Trauma survivors who report using active coping strategies also frequently report that, in the midst of great psychological pain and suffering, there are great gifts to be discovered — new perspectives on life. Amongst these gifts are a deeper appreciation of life, based upon experiencing the precarious fragility of our very existence; a sense of knowing ourselves better; and, an appreciation of human connection, perhaps because of our more sensitive understanding of the value of relationships in the wake of our traumatic experience. The new science of post-traumatic growth suggests that more than half of trauma survivors eventually realize "benefits" after their trauma. Importantly, these trauma survivors are not grateful for their trauma; instead, they are grateful that their wounds, somehow, opened a door to change — a door that permitted them to "grow" after their traumatic experience. Rabbi Leder poignantly conveys this message in his powerful book, "we can heal enough, we can somehow find our true selves again — or for the first time — and what we find really is often gentler and wiser and more beautiful than before." (Leder, Steve. MORE BEAUTIFUL THAN BEFORE: How Suffering Transforms Us, Hay House, 2017).
Thriving. As I continued to heal and grow after years of trauma, I came to rely, more and more, on my self. I learned to trust myself. I began to trust that everything I needed was already inside me. I came to deeply understand the wisdom of Thich Nhat Hanh, one of the best-known Zen Buddhist teachers in the world today. "Most people are afraid of suffering. But suffering is a kind of mud to help the lotus flower of happiness grow. There can be no lotus flower without the mud." (Hanh, Thich Nhat. No Mud, No Lotus: The Art of Transforming Suffering, Parallax Press, 2014). Somehow, I came to believe that I would be "ok." I learned to trust life again. I discovered that, beyond happiness, there is meaning. I devoured the message of Holocaust survivor and psychiatrist, Viktor Frankl …"Nobody of us is spared suffering at one time or another. But everybody in the midst of suffering is given a chance to bear testimony of the human potential at its best, which is to turn a personal tragedy into a human triumph." (Frankl, Viktor E. Man's Search For Meaning, Beacon Press, 2016). And, I embraced international bestselling author Arianna Huffington's impassioned and compelling case for redefining what it means tolive an abundant life and her suggestion that by remaking the world in our own terms, we can "thrive and live our lives with more grace, more joy, more compassion, more gratitude, and yes, more love. Onward, upward, and inward!" (Huffington, Arianna. THRIVE: The Third Metric to Redefining Success and Creating a Life of Well-being, Wisdom, and Wonder, Harmony Books, 2014). And, along my life journey, I also responded to Paulo Coelho's beckoning us to be "warriors of light … to live out our dreams, to embrace the uncertainty of life, and to rise to meet our own unique destiny." (Coelho, Paulo. The Alchemist, HarperOne, 1988).And, I took Madalyn Beck's Tumblr message to heart, too: "start over, my darling. Be brave enough to find the life you want and courageous enough to chase it. Then start over and love yourself the way you were always meant to."
For me, in the wake of my personal tragedy, recovery, and growth, it slowly became obvious that I was destined to write a book in order to share the story of my almost unfathomable journey from pain, suffering, and tragedy to surviving, healing, growing, and thriving. Then, in the midst of writing my book, THE GIFT, I felt that my spiritual self was calling me to a higher purpose — to become a life coach so that I may help other trauma survivors move on with their own lives. Interestingly, but not surprisingly, it was exactly at the moment I decided to move beyond my own self-interests to the higher purpose of helping others that I began to feel my life after-trauma had real purpose. AH-HA. I was beginning to thrive.
Recap. Alas, a review of the lessons I learned from Humpty Dumpty: once I recognized and compassionately accepted that I did have a great fall; once I accepted the outcomes of my misfortune; once I trusted that I have (or have access to) all the tools necessary to fix myself and move on; and, once I was prepared to take responsibility for how I wanted to live my life in the aftermath of my trauma, — then, and only then, — was I able to move forward from victim to victor — from survivor to thriver! It was that simple; and, it was that complex.
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Burton M. Fischler received a Master's Degree in Psychology and doctoral program teaching fellowship from New York University. Burton is a speaker, teacher, lecturer, and writer. After unwittingly becoming an expert in traversing life's vicissitudes - surviving trauma, healing, growing, and thriving - Burton became a Certified Professional Life Coach specializing in trauma recovery and personal transformation.
As a result of personal tragedies and betrayals, Burton lost his beloved wife, lost his successful career as a wealth manager, and lost much more. In the wake of suffering, Burton's decision to become a NYC Uber driver brought unexpected gifts of healing and spiritual revelations borne out of the experience of connecting with thousands of fellow human beings while on the road.
Burton's desire to help others survive their own suffering, tragedy, and grief motivated Burton to become a life coach and write his soon-to-be-published book, THE GIFT: SPIRITUAL REVELATIONS OF A TRAUMA VICTIM On The Road From Pain, Suffering & Tragedy To Surviving, Healing, Growing & Thriving -- a personal journey from successful financial advisor to trauma victim to NYC Uber driver to transformation life coach.
Coach Burton has recently published Lessons On Trauma Care From Humpty Dumpty (thriveglobal.com/…/lessons-on-trauma-care-from-humpty-dumpty) and The Gratitude Rx (thriveglobal.com/stories/the-gratitude-rx/).
FOR MORE INFO: coachburton.com
A Story of Mompreneurship: "Natalia Faryna, How She Started MypicturE Nursery Rhymes App for Kids And Her Struggle That Made Her Dream Come True"
by Sarah Olray
Trauma is an Experience, Not an Event
by Santiago Delboy
Growth after Trauma
by Rev. Marc (Doc) Baisden


Emerging or smaller organizations often work within informal organizational structures due to lack of financial and human resources. This commonly results in fewer staff members performing multiple functions. With this sort of multi-tasking, it is imperative that key employees of such organizations are equipped with basic skills on managing human resources, operational and financial functions of the organization to ensure consistent efficiency and productivity. To support small and medium civil society organizations and local NGOs to achieve this level of efficiency and quality management, Community World Service Asia conducted a capacity enhancement opportunity through a four-day workshop on Organization Management this July.
What did the workshop aim to achieve?
The prime focus of the training was to strengthen the capacity of local level organizations directly engaged in community mobilization and on-ground development initiatives. The key topics covered were Organizational Sustainability, Management Style in Different Cultures, People Management, Art of Planning and Implementation and Applied Tax Compliance. A total of twenty-four participants from fourteen different organizations took part in the workshop.
Once the participants for this training were selected, they were fully taken on board with the conceptualization, designing and activity planning of the training itself. Through an e-meeting, they were all asked about their expectations from this training and what they actually wished to take back from it. At this meeting, participating organizations particularly highlighted the need to include dedicated sessions on Applied Tax Compliances, Linking CHS with organizational management and Shrinking Space while working in sensitive environments. For these sessions, experts were invited to share their learnings and experiences in their specialized fields.
A baseline survey was also conducted to assess the limitations and priorities of all participants prior to the training.
There is a growing demand to adopt to international standards and protocols. Donors are pursuing the agenda for linking the organization policies, procedures and practices with international standards for quality and accountability. Local level organizations have shown deep interest in the pretraining stage to understand Core Humanitarian Standards and its significance for organization working in Pakistan.
Community World Service Asia being focal partner of Sphere and an active member of CHS Alliance helped organizations in the workshop understand the importance of CHS and linking it to organizational management. Rizwan Iqbal and Sana Basim, in-house Trainers, briefed the participants on how to link CHS nine commitments with organizational policies, procedures and practices.
The biggest challenge NGOs in Pakistan face is the shrinking space to operate. The problem associated with this is the lack of information about the factors behind the shrinking space. This is another area where CWSA is vigorously engaged. Karen Janjua, Associate Regional Director (Strategy and Partnership), was the guest speaker for this session. She shared the global and national factors behind the shrinking space like the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) recommendations to counter terrorism funding and newly introduce national legislative measure for this. She also shared the importance of working together and need for positively engaging with government. The participants appreciated the step of Community World Service Asia in introducing them to national and international legislations and how to improve the situation.
There have been a lot of changes in tax and financial protocols for NGOs by the state in Pakistan. According to the participating NGOs, they face the problem of identifying tax rates, deducting taxes and filing returns. Hira Saeed from the Finance department in Community World Service Asia, briefed the participants about the FBR tax reforms in recent times and their implication on NGOs sector. She also shared the tax slabs for different categories.
Practicing the blended learning approach, the facilitators' team divided the participants' group into two. The first group was asked to develop a short presentation on their organizational sustainability model, while the other group was asked to present their management structure as part of the session on Management Style in Different Cultures on day 2 of the training.
Since participants from same organizations were assigned different groups, each participating organization was able to share their sustainability model and management structure by the end of the session. The purpose of this activity was to promote peer learning and sharing of contextualized best practices through open discussions, one-on-one talks and formal presentations among various organizations.
Participants developed organizational action plans, chalking out the roadmap for implementing the learnings of the training and the post-training support they would require towards the end of the training. They all requested to share their respective action points within their organization before agreeing on the final points. This was agreed upon and a follow-up questionnaire was decided to be shared among all training participants to complete in liaison with their line managers and senior management.
Chaudary Shafiq, Commissioner at the National Commission for Human Rights, participated as chief guest at the closing day of the workshop. He commended the significant role played by national and local organization in Pakistan towards highlighting the issues of the underprivileged and underserved communities in Pakistan.


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Кириливка () е селище от градски тип в Южна Украйна, Якимивски район на Запорожка област. Основано е през 1805 година. Населението му е около 1481 души.

Селища от градски тип в Запорожка област

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


2018 has already seen a string of convictions for illegal possession of mobile phones in prison, thanks to tougher search regimes and better technology. The following cases show how serious the consequences can be when inmates manage to get hold of an illegal phone – and how important it is that the crackdown continues.
The head of a gang used a mobile phone to orchestrate the flow of crack and heroin into the Southwest from his prison cell. Kieran Robinson used more than 10 phones to arrange the offences from Bristol Prison. The gang moved £500,000 worth of drugs during 21 trips between Gloucestershire and the North. They were collectively sentenced to 60 years in prison, with Robinson given ten years and six months.
A prison employee was caught trying to smuggle a massive haul of mobiles and drugs into jail. The man, who has not yet been named, tried to flee when he was challenged on the size of the bag he arrived at Wandsworth Prison with. But the deputy governor tackled him to the ground, and his holdall was found to contain an estimated £100,000 worth of contraband, including phones, SIM cards, chargers and drugs. A source reportedly called it "one of the biggest individual seizures in recent prison history".
A visitor to Parc Prison in Wales was caught by a sniffer dog as he tried to smuggle miniature phones and drugs past security. Karl Davies was on his way to visit his brother when the dog alerted its handler in the jail's visitors' area. Davies, who has been before the courts for 36 offences, was given a 91-week prison sentence.
A notorious Albanian gangster used an illegal mobile to post photos of himself posing in his cell online. Tristen Asllani, who is serving 25 years for drugs and firearms offences, posted pictures on Instagram from what is believed to be a cell in Wandsworth Prison.
The incident highlights the effect illegal phones can have on victims, after a woman who was almost hit as Asllani crashed a car into a shop saw the picture online.
A Prison Service spokesman said: ""This behaviour is completely unacceptable and we have removed the content from social media.
"Those who break prison rules will face tough punishments, including extra time behind bars.
An inmate at Erlestoke Prison in Wiltshire has had his sentence increased for using an illegal phone to post selfies on social media. A court heard that Vincent Davenport was caught in his cell with the phone, which had been passed around among inmates. He was given an extra four months in prison.


In every kitchen, family room, dining room, living room, parlor, library, den, sun room, bedroom, recreation room, or similar room or area of dwelling units, receptacle outlets shall be installed in accordance with the general provisions specified in Sections E3901.2.1 through E3901.2.3 (see Figure E3901.2).
1. Any space that is 2 feet (610 mm) or more in width, including space measured around corners, and that is unbroken along the floor line by doorways and similar openings, fireplaces, and fixed cabinets.
2. The space occupied by fixed panels in exterior walls, excluding sliding panels.
3. The space created by fixed room dividers such as railings and freestanding bar-type counters.


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Parish Summary: Old Catton
Old Catton is just north of Norwich now effectively joined to the city by the growth of suburbia around it. It is squeezed between the city parishes of Catton and Sprowston and is part of the Broadland district. The settlement has only recently been joined to the city and has Saxon origins – it is recorded in the Domesday Book and its name derives from the old English for 'farmstead of Catta or Kati'. Catta or Kati may be a nickname because directly translated it means wildcat. At least some of the parish still retains open space – Old Catton Hall and Park are in the south of the parish whilst the north part is still under agriculture. Nevertheless the archaeological record is mostly made up of casual finds in people's gardens and historical buildings rather than large-scale monuments identified from aerial photographs or extensive fieldwalking and metal detecting.
The earliest evidence of human activity is casual finds of prehistoric flints. The earliest of these is a Palaeolithic axehead (NHER 17946). There appears to be a dense scatter of Neolithic flint at the south end of Spixworth Road where several Neolithic worked flints (NHER 13421, 15033 and 20733) have been found in gardens including a fine translucent flint leaf arrowhead (NHER 20732). Nearby by in Catton Park a Neolithic or Bronze Age awl (NHER 33113) was discovered and a Bronze Age urn (NHER 8119) was dug up in the 1920s. Iron Age pottery (NHER 16758) has also been found in the park. Similar types of Roman finds have been made – metal detecting has recovered a Roman coin (NHER 24898), a small scatter of Roman metal objects (NHER 28861) and a Roman cosmetic mortar (NHER 41110). Roman pottery (NHER 11796) has also been found. None of these scatters are large enough to suggest occupation anywhere in the parish although there was Roman activity in the area.
A similar story can be told with the Saxon finds. An Early Saxon buckle (NHER 28861) and a Late Saxon hooked tag (NHER 41110) and Late Saxon strap fitting (NHER 24898) demonstrate activity in the area over this period but no sites can be identified. A lead model of a Late Saxon box mount (NHER 29738) suggests metalworking may have been going on nearby. It isn't until the medieval period that we can begin to identify sites and buildings. The parish church of St Margaret's (NHER 8132) has a Late Saxon or Norman round tower and there are several other Norman features. The remainder of the building was constructed in the 14th and 15th centuries. Nearby Manor House (NHER 8130) is a 16th century building but probably stands on the site of an earlier medieval manor or grange. The clay pits (NHER 8122) to the east of the church started to fill up in this period. The scatters of medieval pottery (NHER 11796, 16758 and 20733) found in gardens across the parish suggest that much of the land was under agriculture at this time. The pottery got spread around as the land was manured.
The Old Hall, Old Catton, a house that was built in 1632. (© NCC)<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
There are many building surviving from the post medieval period including Catton Hall (NHER 8131) and its landscaped park (NHER 30435). Old Hall (NHER 8129), Manor House (NHER 8130) and the Orangery (NHER 12515) that is now used as the village hall all have post medieval origins. Again a small scatter of post medieval finds (NHER 11796, 16758, 20733 and 31994) from surrounding gardens suggests the settlement around the church was still relatively small.
Several World War Two archaeological features can be identified that were part of Norwich's defence system. In Catton Park an anti-glider trench was dug (NHER 40841) and a spigot mortar base and associated tank trap (NHER 32541) and an anti-aircraft battery (NHER 16715) were set up nearby. Two World War Two aircraft crash sites (NHER 40842 and NHER 40843) have been recorded on the northern edge of Catton Park.
Mills, A. D., 1998. Dictionary of English Place Names (Oxford, Oxford University Press)
Unknown, unknown. 'Old Catton, Norwich, Norfolk, UK – community and parish website'. Available:
http://www.oldcatton.com/. Accessed: 8 February 2006.


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Enrico Garff Art
Browse art created by Enrico Garff.
Biography Enrico Garff was born in Rome, Italy in 1939 as a true figlio d'arte. His father, Emilio Boffi, was an opera singer whose career, however, was impaired by his nervous disposition.His mother, Gertrud Garff, the daughter of a Swedish pharmacist, had arrived in Rome to study lyrical singing.[2] She had already managed to perform with the 'King of Baritones', Mattia Battistini but her career too ended in tragedy as she lost her fine operatic voice virtually overnight. Enrico Garff, an autodidact, started drawing at the age of six. From the very beginning he always regarded himself as...more
Images = 7
Sound Of Colour by Enrico Garff
Sound Of Colour
Basketball Soul by Enrico Garff
Basketball Soul
The Leopard by Enrico Garff
Sons of the Sun by Enrico Garff
Sons of the Sun
Art Book by Enrico Garff


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Four-star OL Kevin Jarvis picks Michigan State
Kevin Jarvis, a four-star offensive lineman from Maine South High in Park Ridge, Illinois, on Thursday committed to Michigan State's 2017 recruiting class.
Four-star OL Kevin Jarvis picks Michigan State Kevin Jarvis, a four-star offensive lineman from Maine South High in Park Ridge, Illinois, on Thursday committed to Michigan State's 2017 recruiting class. Check out this story on detroitnews.com: https://detne.ws/1MExlMn
The Detroit News Published 2:36 p.m. ET March 31, 2016 | Updated 2:38 p.m. ET March 31, 2016
Kevin Jarvis(Photo: Scout.com)
Jarvis (6-5, 324) is rated the No. 13 guard in the nation by Scout.com. He also received offers from Michigan, Florida, Auburn, Mississippi State and others.
Jarvis visited Michigan State on Tuesday and afterward told Allen Trieu of Scout.com: "Michigan State is my number one as of right now."
He decided to make it official two days later, becoming the third commitment in MSU's 2017 class.
"I'm proud to announce that I'm officially committed to Michigan State University!" he wrote on Twitter.
"The thing that impresses most (college) coaches is his pass-blocking," Maine South coach David Inserra told the Chicago Tribune at the end of last season. "They expect him to be a run-blocker at that size. I think they really like his feet when they watch him on film and what he can do on the inside."
Jarvis says he can play any position along the offensive line in college.
"In college, I can play tackle with no problem, or even center if they need me," he told the Tribune.


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Nella teoria dei grafi, il coefficiente di clustering (o transitività) è la misura del grado in cui i nodi di un grafo tendono ad essere connessi fra loro.

L'evidenza suggerisce che nella maggior parte delle reti del mondo reale, e in particolare nelle reti sociali, i nodi tendono a creare gruppi fortemente uniti e caratterizzati da una densità di collegamenti relativamente alta; il coefficiente di clustering delle reti reali tende quindi ad essere maggiore rispetto a quello dei grafi in cui i collegamenti sono generati casualmente.

Può essere misurato in due modi diversi: globale e locale. Quello globale descrive in generale l'intensità del fenomeno di clustering nella rete, mentre quella locale riguarda il livello di radicamento dei singoli nodi.

Coefficiente di clustering locale

Il coefficiente di clustering locale di un nodo in un grafo è una misura di quanto i suoi vicini tendano a formare una cricca (o un grafo completo). Duncan J. Watts e Steven Strogatz introdussero questa misura nel 1998 per determinare se un grafo sia o meno una rete rientrante nella teoria del mondo piccolo.

Un grafo  consiste formalmente di un insieme  di vertici e un insieme  di collegamenti. Un collegamento  connette un vertice  con un vertice .

L'insieme  dei vicini di un vertice  è definito come l'insieme dei nodi direttamente connessi ad esso:

Definiamo  come la cardinalità di , ovvero il numero di vicini di un vertice .

Il coefficiente di clustering locale  di un vertice  è dato dal numero di collegamenti fra i membri di  fratto il numero di collegamenti potenziali fra loro.

In un grafo orientato,  è distinto da , dunque per ogni  ci sono  collegamenti possibili fra i suoi membri. Di conseguenza, il coefficiente di clustering locale per grafi orientati è dato da:

La proprietà caratteristica di un grafo non orientato è invece che  e  sono considerati identici, dunque per ogni  ci sono  collegamenti possibili fra i suoi membri. Di conseguenza, il coefficiente di clustering locale per grafi non orientati è dato da:

Coefficiente di clustering globale
Il concetto di coefficiente di clustering globale è basato su triple di nodi. Una tripla consiste di tre nodi connessi da due (tripla aperta) o tre (tripla chiusa) collegamenti. Ogni tripla è incentrata su un nodo. Un triangolo consiste di tre triple chiuse incentrate sui tre stessi nodi che le compongono.

Il coefficiente di clustering globale è, dunque, il numero di triple chiuse (o 3 volte il numero di triangoli) fratto il numero totale di triple (somma di quelle aperte e chiuse). Il primo tentativo di misurarlo fu effettuato da Robert D. Luce e Albert D. Perry (1949). Questo metodo può essere applicato sia ai grafi orientati che non orientati.

Watts e Strogatz, invece, definirono il coefficiente di clustering come la media dei coefficienti locali:
Supponiamo che un nodo  abbia  vicini; allora possono esistere massimo  collegamenti fra loro (ciò accade quando tutti i vicini di  sono connessi fra loro). Denotando con  la frazione di tali collegamenti che effettivamente esiste, si definisce  come la media dei  fratto il numero di nodi.

Quest'ultima definizione è equivalente alla prima se si utilizza la media ponderata, pesando ogni  con il numero di triple in cui il nodo è centrale:
.
Dove:
 è il numero di triangoli del grafo;
 è il numero complessivo di triple del grafo;
 è il peso del vertice  (numero di triple in cui il nodo è centrale);
Notare che .

Esempio

Nell'esempio sulla destra c'è un solo triangolo, formato dai vertici 1, 2 e 5. Le caratteristiche del grafo sono le seguenti:

Note

Altri progetti

Teoria dei grafi
Reti sociali


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Album: Good Feeling
1989: Be Yourself ◄ All Prince Albums All Related Artists Albums ► 1989: Time The Motion
Released: 19 September 1989
Label(s): Motown
Of the 3 singles released from this album, only the one with a Prince contribution is listed below:
b/w Bang Bang (Instrumental)
Good Feeling is the second solo studio album by Brownmark, and is his only album to feature writing input by Prince.
Prince wrote the track Shall We Dance and sang background vocals on Bang Bang, written by Levi Seacer, Jr..
Both Shall We Dance (produced by Levi Seacer, Jr.) and Bang Bang (written and produced by Levi Seacer, Jr.) were recorded in Summer, 1989, at Paisley Park Studios, Chanhassen, MN, USA.
The album produced three singles, Bang Bang (which preceeded the album), Through A Friend Of Mine and Luv Touch. The album failed to chart, however.
Details given for Prince-related tracks only:
Bang Bang (4:57) 1
Shall We Dance (4:41) 2
Through A Friend Of Mine
My Heart Misses
It's Not The Way (It Used To Be)
Luv Touch
Between You And Me
Let's Go All The Way
Distress Signal
1 Written by Levi Seacer, Jr.
2 Written by Prince
Brownmark - lead vocals, bass guitar and background vocals (all tracks), all other instruments, except where noted, on Bang Bang
Levi Seacer, Jr. - all instruments, except where noted (all tracks), background vocals on Bang Bang
Prince - background vocals on Bang Bang, background vocals on Shall We Dance (uncredited)
Margie Cox - background vocals on Bang Bang
Levi Seacer, Jr. - producer (all tracks), mixing engineer on Bang Bang
Brownmark - vocal arrangements on Bang Bang
Femi Jiya - recording engineer and mixing engineer
David Z. Rivkin - mixing engineer on Bang Bang
David Friedlander - assistant engineer on Shall We Dance
Vartan - art direction
Randee St. Nicholas - photography
Junie Osaki - design
Dana Allison - stylist
Terence Finnigan - hair & make-up
VERY SPECIAL THANKS TO: Jheryl Busby, Debbie Sandridge, Craig Rice, Lee Young Jr. and Gayle Woodard.
THANKS TO: The Motown Family, Prince (and staff at PRN/Paisley Park), Richard Leher, Pat Fadgen. My Family: Mom, Vette, James and Mike. And also thanks to Mico Weaver and Chris Boone.
A Motown multiple artists press advert was published in Billboard of 9 September 1989 (Vol. 101 No. 36) stating:
"Bang Bang (MOT-1980/MOT-4655) with the funky creative juices of none other than Prince on his deadly hit single and video, Brownmark's new album Good Feeling (MOT-6277) is coming out with a bang. Album release: September 19, 1989; Produced by: Levi Seacer Jr.; Management: Byr Management Inc."
* The Vault: The Definitive Guide to the Musical World of Prince (2004)
Be Yourself All Albums All Related Artists Albums 1989
Time The Motion
Retrieved from "http://princevault.com/index.php?title=Album:_Good_Feeling&oldid=241932"


The Christian year 2012 corresponds to the 1391 Hijri Shamsi year. As demonstrated in the accompanying video, a calendar poster or card usually shows all three calendar types and you can easily find out the dates for each calendar. However if you want to convert the Christian year to Hijri Shamsi or vise versa you subtract or add the year 622.
Can you please tell me what date is (01/Saratan /1395) to (Miladi Christian)?
Thank you brother Sayed for making it easy for us expats to understand Hijri shamsi calendar may Allah SWT reward you Janna el Firdous insha Allah.
How to change it into hijri qamari????