text:
EFSA OKs titanium dioxide but nano concerns remain
By Niamh Michail contact
14-Sep-2016 - Last updated on 15-Sep-2016 at 12:06 GMT
© iStock/Halfpoint
Related tags: Titanium dioxide, European food safety authority
EFSA has said white food colouring titanium dioxide poses no health concerns despite data gaps, but campaigners have raised doubts over the safety of nanoparticles.
While the European Food safety Authority (EFSA) panel of experts was unable to set an acceptable daily limit (ADI) for titanium dioxide due to data limitations, it concluded nonetheless that current levels of dietary exposure do not pose any concern to consumers' health.
However, EFSA called for research to fill these data gaps, particularly on the potential effects on the reproductive system which had been flagged as a risk by "a small number" of studies.
"The Panel considered that, on the database currently available and the considerations on the absorption of titanium dioxide, the margins of safety calculated from the no observed adverse effects levels (NOAEL) of 2,250 mg TiO2 per kilo bodyweight per day […] would not be of concern."
Listed as E 171 in Europe, titanium dioxide (TiO2) is used to whiten or give an opaque, cloudy effect in foods and is mainly used in confectionery, bakery and sauces. It is also a principal component in sun cream as it reflects UV light.
The full opinion can be read here.
Nano concerns
Titanium dioxide has been put under the safety spotlight in recent years due to safety questions over industry use of nanosized particles, but EFSA says this does not apply to the additive when used for food.
"While there are no specific limits on the particle size of titanium dioxide used as a food additive, food-grade titanium dioxide consists mainly of larger granules, with limited nanoparticle content," it says.
"Food-grade titanium dioxide is not considered a nanomaterial under the current European Commission Recommendation on the definition of nanomaterial but it may contain up to 3.2% nanoparticles (less than 100 nanometres in size) by weight."
However the soundness of this EU definition has been questioned by some, such as senior food policy officer at consumer rights organisation BEUC, Camille Perrin, who asked whether on social media whether it was "flawed".
Why did @APEnvironnement find nano titanium dioxide in food https://t.co/dALmPDS37L when @EFSA_EU says TiO2 not nano? Flawed EU definition?
— Camille Perrin (@Perrin_Cam) September 14, 2016
Earlier this year French environmental NGO Agir pour l'Environnement conducted tests and found titanium dioxide nanoparticles in three products - LU Napolitain chocolate biscuits, Malabar tutti-frutti flavoured bubble gum (both by Mondelēz) and William Saurin tinned veal stew. It also found silica dioxide nanoparticles in Carrefour guacamole mix.
Nanotechnology refers to engineering conducted on a nanoscale with particles invisible to the naked eye - one nanometre is one billionth of a metre, or 10,000 times smaller than the diameter of a human hair.
It has potential applications in many different sectors and for food could hold promise in salt, sugar and fat reduction, flavour enhancement and food colouring, but safety concerns have been raised. EFSA has said in the past that nanomaterials "may manifest toxic effects differently from the conventional forms".
According to a Commission recommendation dating from 2011, a compound containing at least 50% nanoparticles ranging from 1-100 nanometres is considered to be nanomaterial.
An updated EU definition of nanomaterials is expected this autumn.
A spokesperson for the NGO said: "All four food products tested contained significant quantities of nanoparticles of titanium dioxide and silica (dioxide), which have not been tested or approved for consumption by the European regulator. These products should have been labelled as nano according to the European regulation on food information to consumers."
However, Mondelēz told FoodNavigator at the time of the report the nanoparticles were not "engineered nanomaterial" and therefore nano labelling requirements do not apply.
Agir pour l'Environnement is calling on the French government to end to the use of nanomaterials in food products until further food safety checks have been carried out, and its petition has so far attracted over 23,500 signatures.
Ongoing re-evaluations
EFSA has been reassessing the safety of 41 food colours with updated data and evidence since 2009.
As a result of these re-evaluations, EFSA has lowered the ADI for a number of food colours - quinoline yellow (E 104), sunset yellow (E 110) and ponceau red (E 124) - and redefined exposure limits for a group of caramel colours (E 150).
Ruud Woutersen, vice-chair of EFSA's Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources Added to Food (ANS) and chair of the working group tasked with the re-evaluation of food colours, called the completion of the food colour re-evaluations "an important milestone" for the food safety authority but added there was still a considerable number of food additives to be re-evaluated by 2020.
Related topics: Bakery, Beverage, Confectionery, Natural and clean label, Cereals and bakery preparations, Food labelling, Policy, Food safety, Flavours and colours, Chocolate and confectionery ingredients
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360 Recruitment are a specialist IT recruiter, currently recruiting for an exciting opportunity to join one of the UK's leading Managed Service Providers as a 3rd Line Service Desk Engineer and accelerate your IT career with them, using new and cutting edge technologies.
Our client offers a full spectrum of managed IT products including full IT support, Unified Communications, Cloud Infrastructure, Security & Compliance, and Network & Infrastructure. With further plans for expansion and their genuine desire and commitment to help their colleagues maximise their full potential, providing ongoing training and fully supporting and funding qualifications, this is the perfect opportunity for anyone looking to progress their IT career long term.
The 3rd Line Service Desk Engineer will deliver technical engineering to the customer base and act as a point of escalation for support staff, providing an expert knowledge to SME to Enterprise Clients, across the latest infrastructure technologies and legacy systems. You will support the 1st and 2nd Line Engineers within the service desk teams on a wide range of leading technologies including but not limited to Microsoft, Citrix and VMWare. The 3rd Line Engineer will be desk based, working on critical/P1 incidents, supporting and mentoring colleagues and supporting into projects when required.
Router / Firewall configuration including TCP/IP, NAT, PAT, static routing and Wi-Fi management.


It's been touched on here and there, but I thought it'd be fun to do an Eat Arkansas thread on Thanksgiving. What are ya'll planning on eating this year?
I'll start. First, here is a new condiment at our table this year. You've seen the sauce, now here is the original.
Hard to describe the texture, but the taste is certainly akin to sweet pickles. They're quite good. I may have to get another jar.
As for the bird- I plan to use my Little Rock made PK grill to smoke a small turkey, basted with olive oil, garlic, herbs, and fresh pepper. We'll also have stuffing, cheesecake, pumpkin pie, marinated salad, green beans, candied yams, and who knows what else.
Tell us what your plans are. Recipes encouraged.


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Q: viewDidAppear is called when app is started due to significant location change, even when it is not visible and in background I've noticed that viewDidAppear is called when my app is launched (in background) due to a significant location change, even though the screen is off and app is definitely not visible (I was on home screen and screen is off anyway).
In other words, the view did not really appear. I can understand that viewDidLoad would be called because this view controller will get instantiated in didFinishLaunchingWithOptions, which is what is being called in this case.
But why is viewDidAppear getting called if it is not visible on screen (display is off, and I was on home screen anyway)?
Does iOS always call viewDidAppear after viewDidLoad, regardless of whether or not it really appears?
If so, how can I distinguish between the view actually appearing and the case described when it is not really visible?

A: You can use your UIApplication's applicationState property to distinguish between when viewDidAppear is being called by a background launch and when the view actually appears on a user's screen. For example:
override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
    super.viewDidAppear(true)

    let application: UIApplication = UIApplication.sharedApplication()

    switch application.applicationState {
    case .Active:
        // Do something when the view actually appears.
    case .Inactive:
        // The app is briefly Inactive when an it's launched from
        // "not running/terminated". viewDidAppear might be called while the
        // applicationState property is still set to this.
    case .Background:
        // Don't do anything because the view didn't really appear on screen
        // for the user.
    }
}

That seems to do the trick for me when my app is launched in the background by locationManagerDelegate.locationManager(didVisit). I'm fairly confident it will be the same for significant location changes.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Originating as guitarist for the popular German metal band Heaven Shall Burn, Alexander Dietz now protrudes from the opposite side of the music continuum to bring Tympanik Audio listeners his debut electronic album 'Horizon' under his pseudonym Erode. As his band Heaven Shall Burns conquers the German music charts with their hit album 'Invictus' in 2010, as well as the formation of his new studio company Chemical Burn, Alexander turns inward and forward to reflect on his life experiences and influences to arrive at his own personal electronic music entity aptly named Erode.
Recorded and produced by Alexander Dietz with addition production by Mike Cadoo (Bitcrush, Dryft, Gridlock, n5MD) and stunning artwork by Colin Marks (Rain Song Design).
Erode CD album 'Horizon' is available on a special edition compact disc package now, only from Tympanik Audio.


Justin Montgomery, known around the office as "Monty", joined the Roby Commercial team in October 2016. Monty, originally from Fayetteville, NC, graduated from the University of Buffalo in 2001 with a Bachelor of Science Degree in Civil Engineering. He came to Roby Commercial with 14 years of heavy civil construction experience under his belt. During this time, he worked on a variety of notable projects including the first leg of the Charlotte light rail, the Charlotte Douglas high speed taxiway, and the Elizabeth City Bascule Bridge. In his free time, Monty enjoys fishing, visiting historic sites and spending time with his fiancé who he will officially wed in April 2018.


We are seeking a Restaurant Manager to join our team at our upscale restaurant! This position will be responsible for creating and maintaining relationships with guests in our restaurant & bar area. The Restaurant Manager should possess a strong passion for the guest's dining experience, while acting as the liaison between the Kitchen and the Dining Room to provide top notch service.
Must have at least three (3) or more years of strong Food & Beverage supervisory and/or Management experience in a Restaurant.
Assist in leading the daily operation of the restaurant, while directing day-to-day activities and assignments of the front of the house team.
Organize and assist with conducting pre-shift and departmental meetings, communicating information to the team members, such as menu changes.
Assist with scheduling team members, to ensure proper coverage.
Engage in ongoing development of the front of the house team, while holding the team accountable for maintaining service.
Monitor employee performance and issues, to effectively coach and counsel team members.
Maintain effective communication with the team.
For an immediate interview, please email your resume.


Better carry a bottle of water. There are limited drinking water sources on either side of rail track. There is number of bridges but no water or drinkable water runs under them. People at Hatharas Kotuwa also have a problem with drinking water. No water drinkable water sources from Gal Oya junction to Minneriya as well.
Train schedule along Colombo-Batticalo line is not busy at all. You may come across few trains running. There are no tunnels and enough spaces on either side of rail track.
Do it following rainy season. Then environment is fresh and surrounding is greenish.
The rail hike along dry zone is not that much interesting as other rail hikes.
Visiting wild elephant is the spirit of this journey.
There is only one bus travelling from Minneriya to Hatharas Kotuwa. You can get the bus from Gal Oya junction Or can heir threewheel from there to Minneriya or Hatharas Kotuwa.
Sri Lankan rail tracks run in different environmental locations of the country where you can have different experiences with rail walk. Rail hike along central part gives maximum beauty of the country and costal rail walk is totally different from it. We thought of doing a rail walk in dry zone mainly rail tracks runs through forests. Total credit should go to Chamara as he was so enthusiastic on doing this. We selected the section of Colombo-Batticalo line from Habarana to Minneriya where Kaudulla (කවුඩුල්ල) and Minneriya national parks are at direct touch with the rail line. It was an amazing experience of meeting wild elephants along rail track.
I met Ashan and Chamara at Habarana junction. Habarana station is situated about 3km from Habarana town. Habarana is the junction of Trincomale and Polonnaruwa road. But Galoya junction is the point where Trincomale and Batticalo rail tracks meet. We travelled to Habarana railway station by three wheeler and started the journey towards Gal Oya junction.
As soon after get into the railway track we have noticed a board shows elephant crossing. This is the area you can get maximum amount of Elephants cross along the railway track. Therefore they will get more accidents with train and deaths. Following the rain surrounding was greenish. Colombo Trincomale road also runs parallel to the railway line with few meters apart but later separated well from the railway track.
Most of the times this railway line was almost flat and can view another 1-2 kms well. It rarely had bends not like Udarata railway line. Till we reach Hatharas Kotuwa there were no houses and same scenario was detected in between Hatharas Kotuwa and Galoya Junction.
Most of the time you can view the distance for another 1-2kms.
They put all boards at one place….
Always there are milestones and Kilometer posts on either side of the railway line.
The only house was found closer to the railway line. This is a store/rest room of CGR.
"Udaya Devi"(උදය දේවී) has passed us….
We have come across elephants in different occasions between Habarana and Galoya. They were noticed far front as well as behind us. Once a jumbo has crossed in front of us. Third time an elephant was eating closer to railway line without moving even though it has seen us. It made us bit anxious and wanted to bypass the railway line. Later we have decided to proceed along the railway line while watching his reaction towards us. Luckily he didn't take any action against us.
First elephant encounter at distant vicinity.
Scary faces after seeing the elephant closer to railway line.
They were thinking whether to bypass the railway line.
The jumbo who was at closer to railway line.
If you are not capturing things when you go, it is such a boring thing to walk along railway line.
Star tortoise. (තාරකා ඉබ්බා) It was a common finding along railway line.
Tree house at Chena. It is a sign that we are closer to human inhabitants.
We have refreshed our selves at Hatharas Kotuwa with cool drinks (The villagers at Hatharas Kotuwa buy drinking water). Safari jeeps were passing to Kaudulla Park with tourists. It is not a safari season in other years but it is a good advantage to them due to drought. The section between Hatharas Kotuwa to Gal Oya junction was same as previous stretch. As it was the evening of the day we expected to view more and more elephants. Unfortunately it didn't happen. We reached Gal Oya junction just before Mahawa train departures. The lake at Gal Oya junction adds extra beauty to rail track. It is a nice place for bird watching at evening.
We found a three wheel from Gal Oya junction and travelled to Colombo-Trincomale road to catch a bus to Habarana. It ends 16.3k journey along rail track from Habarana to Gal Oya junction.
Though we plan to catch the train we missed it….
Towards Minneriya. This is the road between Minneriya and Hatharas Kotuwa.
Gal Oya Junction Lake. Mountains in Minneriya can be seen beyond the lake.
Gal Oya Junction Lake-sun set over it.
Work out report at the end of the day. 16.3kms.
This rail track goes through Kaudulla National Park to get touch with Minneriya railway station. The distance between these two stations is 8.1km. We thought it might be another opportunity to visit wild elephants if walk along this section as well.
This journey was arranged in a separate day and I ask two of my colleagues to join with me in an evening. We started from Minneriya station (as it is easy to travel from Polonnaruwa) and walked till Gal Oya junction.
Though we expected elephants it didn't happen. Forest was on either side of the railway line and no human traces were found till Gal Oya junction railway line.
I could enjoy the evening beauty of Gal Oya junction Lake again.
Work out of the day. The rail track goes through Kaudulla NP.
Beginning of the rail walk for the day.
Iron bridge just next to Minneriya Station.
The bridge at Colombo-Polonnaruwa road. Minneriya Lake is seen over the bridge.
Slow train to Mahawa passing us.
Forest was on either side of the railway line.
Sun set over Gal Oya Junction Lake.


Gen. Stilwell & Gen. Liao Yueh-shang, Cmdr of the 22nd Chinese Div. discuss plans.
During the first week of April, Gen. Stilwell's New China Army was preparing to attack Gen. Tanaka's men, but Stilwell's own supply base was being threatened. Urgent pleas were sent to Chiang Kai-shek to send his Nationalist Army to eastern Burma for assistance – but Chiang failed to respond.
This meant that Chiang's Lend Lease was threatened and 10 days later, 72,000 Chinese troops marched to Burma. Japan considered this action a break in their "silent" truce and the Imperial Staff ordered the launch of the 'Ichi-Go' operation.
Merrill's Marauders had incured 50% casualty losses, Merrill himself suffered a heart attack and now air bases were threatened. The Joint Chiefs of Staff approved Stilwell's Operation End Run. Merrill signed himself out of the hospital and rallied his 1,400 survivors, 2 Chinese regiments and a band of OSS – trained guerrillas to begin a trek through the jungle and over the 6,000′ Kumon Range to reach Myitkyina. To add insult to injury (and disease), the monsoon season started early.
"The die is cast and it's sink or swim," Stilwell said.
As these figures and those in table above emphasize, fighter and transport aircraft played the most important roles in CBI. Among fighters, the old P-40 gave way to P-38's, P-47's, and especially to P-51's.
The Japanese Imperial Staff finalized the A-Go plan. And the newly organized Japanese First Mobile Fleet under VAdm. Ozawa, that was anchored at Singapore, headed for Tawi Tawi [Portal to the Philippines] under Toyoda's orders.
Publishing non-fiction may not be as easy as you first imagine.
Let the IHRA historians know how you feel about their work!
Last week, we gave you an idea of how we get our information, compile it, and begin to write a compelling narrative. We left off with the chapter layout process and now we'll finish the book. Before we get to the rest of the chapters as well as the appendices, let's focus on the color section.
The color section consists of color photos we received, aircraft profiles, nose art closeups (this is a recent addition as of Rampage of the Roarin' 20's and Ken's Men Against the Empire, Volume I), paintings, and patches. As for plane profiles, one plane from each squadron during each quarter of the war is chosen based on availability of photos, unique attributes (such as camouflage schemes and hardware), coverage of a plane, and elaborate nose art.
This helps to explain exactly why I was so excited about the research and published volumes of the IHRA !!
From Warpath Across the Pacific to the first volume of Ken's Men Against the Empire, our books have become the standard for World War II unit histories as well as a go-to for the history of the air war in the Pacific Theater. How did we get here? We'll take you through part of the process of how we turn piles of photos and information into the next great installment of the Eagles Over the Pacific series.
I am not at all certain what I expected before my copy of Warpath Across the Pacific arrived at my doorstep, but today I find myself wholly unqualified to review IHRA's commanding series Eagles Over the Pacific. This tome concerning the 345th Bomb Group is the highest quality of research I have ever had the pleasure to read.
Lawrence J. Hickey has created a masterpiece account of history accompanied by the artistic talent of Art Director, Jack Fellows. The Preface, written by Col. Maurice J. Eppstein, USAF Ret., delivers an impact of reality depicting life for the 498th,499th, 500th & 501st squadrons and so many others during the Pacific War.
Warpath Across the Pacific takes the readers from the establishment of the 345th, into their rigorous training and throughout their deployment. One is carried across the massive ocean to see the bases and examine each aircraft. You will eventually realize that you have come to know each crew as they prepare, experience and carry out each mission as it is described in striking detail. Then, with bated breath, you await each of their return.
The numerous maps and aircraft profiles, by Steve W. Ferguson, keep the reader orientated while being engulfed in the events, seeing their successes and feeling the pain of their losses. Countless photographs from worldwide historians and private collections are included to correspond to the information at hand. Nose-art is visible cover to cover as well as artistic illustrations of the B-25's flown by these young, valiant men. Each airman is mentioned, the bomb squadrons profiled and the book has a special section for those killed and missing.
I find it difficult to accurately describe how greatly impressed I am by this series as each page is turned. I have never acquired a volume I value more or recommend so highly. Reading Warpath Across the Pacific was not a way to learn history, but a way to experience it!
This 5th edition even includes new material concerning the Japanese side of the war.
I thank the members of the IHRA for paying such attention to detail, for their dedication, patriotism and expertise.
An equal effort of historical importance concerning the 22nd Bombardment Group/5th Air Force. The same attention to detail as they bring the reader from the airfields of America to the SW Pacific skies.
The life and wartime of the 312th Bombardment Group/5th Air Force follows in the same style and professional manner. Read and imagine these young men in their P-40 Warhawks and later, the Douglas A-20 Havoc aircraft.
This project by the IHRA, contains the history of the 43rd Bombardment Group, generated such an abundance of material that it was necessary to create two volumes rather than omit any information. With the early war and the B-17 era, and then re-equipping with B-24's for this young, but growing unit.
This edition holds the detailed and accurate missions of the most highly decorated crew in U.S. history, Zeamer's "Eager Beavers." You can start your journey with these squadrons as they progress through the Pacific and witness it as never before. Should you have any doubt about their research from U.S. training bases – through New Guinea, the Netherlands Indies, the Philippines, Indochina and Japan – a reblog 0f their own post will show, (rather than tell), you how expertly each record is handled.
To locate the IHRA blog – Please Click Here!
To purchase any volume from the IHRA, click HERE!
William Cather – Birmingham, AL; US Army Air Corps, WWII, PTO, 501st "Black Panthers"/345th, Capt.
Glenn Doolittle – San Antonio, TX; US Army Air Corps, WWII, PTO, 435th Bombardment Group, Silver Star, Col.
Well mom, that is all there is for now so take care of yourself and give my regards to all.
The original class, the 382d Platoon, Navajo Communication Specialists, USMC, developed their code at Camp Pendleton. Once a unit of code talkers were trained, they were put on Marine rosters around the Pacific Theater. Even under severe combat conditions, they remained the living codes, since nothing was ever written down. During the first 48 hours of Iwo Jima, 800 transmissions were coded. These few men became warriors in their own right during some of the worst battles of the war.
The existence of the code talkers and their accomplishments would remain top secret according to the U.S. government and use their expertise in the Korean War. Unfortunately, this resulted in many of the men not receiving the recognition they deserved. I was very lucky to have grown up knowing their story thanks to Smitty, my father.
President Ronald Reagan designated 14 August as National Code Talkers Day in 1982.
An eye witness account from John Poltrack for his Uncle Ed that not many have seen!
My Uncle Ed Poltrack piloted 60 missions in the Pacific Theatre in WWII. He piloted a B-25 Mitchell Bomber. The National Museum of the Air Force website has an interactive photo gallery of the interior of this aircraft (see the links under the photo). Note:Ed piloted a variation of the original design in which the transparent nose was replaced with two fixed machine guns.
4 April – In the CBI, the Japanese started their offensive towards India by attacking Kohima, India. This operation would suffer from supply problems and the typhoon season. Over 30,000 of the enemy would eventually be lost to due to disease and starvation. Ground troops in Burma received support from the 10th Air Force as over 120 aircraft struck Japanese railroads and supply areas.
5-6 April – the Japanese 138th, 58th and 24th regiments of the 31st Div. surrounded the Allied troops at Kohima into a 10-mile pocket. The 58th attempted to make a surprise attack at the center, but were thwarted by the Royal West Kents. Within the circle, dependent on air supply were the 17th Indian Light Div., 50th Parachute Brigade, 5th Indian Div, 23rd Indian Div. and the 254th Tank Brigade.
6-18 April – the Japanese 53rd in Burma took the Chindit supply base known as "White City." The Chindits in northern Burma received glider-borne reinforcements. They then occupied the Japanese base at Indau and that cut the enemy off from southern Burma.
7 April – in Japan, it was decided that despite the Army being overstretched in the Pacific and Burma, the new offensive in China would commence. Inchi-Go's objective was to occupy south China, thereby providing open land routes to their other forces in Malaya and Thailand while crushing US air bases.
7-13 April – in India, the Japanese 138th Regiment encircled the 161st Indian Brigade and took Kohima, but further into the settlement, 1500 troops [mostly the Assam Rifles and 4th Royal West Kents), best back the invaders.
14-18 April – the Allied XXXIII Corps began to try relief operations in the Kohima area. The 5th Brigade/2nd Div. smashed the Japanese roadblock at Zubza and made a break in the circle around the 161st Indian Division.
18 April – the Allied troops were finally relieved in the Kohima area as the 5th Brigade reached them. This does not in any way slow the fighting down. Both sides tried to encircle the other with flanking maneuvers.
26-27 April – the Allied XXXIII Corps started a major offensive to retake Kohima. The 5th attacked the Japanese right flank from the north and the 4th Brigade came from the south. After the British took the road junction, both sides took entrenched positions about 72 feet apart, around the "Tennis Court". The following 2 weeks would bring heavy and close-quarter battles.
27-28 April – in New Guinea, the Cyclops Airdrome had limited operation. With the swift success at Hollandia, plans by generals MacArthur and Kenney began to take form on heading west.
A short gallery of photos of constructing an airdrome in WWII.
The CBI version of being sold the Brooklyn Bridge.
"Corporal Gee Eye" always getting into trouble!!
Samuel Prather – Seattle, WA; US Army Air Corps, WWII, PTO, 1st Lt.


Three players who decided to forego a chance at the NFL this season have made significant moves. Drue Tranquill goes from rover (a linebacker/safety hybrid) to inside linebacker. Te'von Coney moves from inside linebacker to middle linebacker, where Nyles Morgan led the team in tackles last season.
Saturday, Tranquill had nine stops, including seven solos, a sack, a quarterback hurry and a pass broken up. Tillery had two tackles, including a sack. Coney had one tackle in very limited duty.
Junior Khalid Kareem has made such strides at defensive end that graduating senior Jay Hayes recently decided to play his fifth season at Oklahoma. Meanwhile, the Irish remain strong at cornerback with junior Julian Love, who had three interceptions, including two for touchdowns and a school-record 20 passes broken up, and speedsters Shaun Crawford and Troy Pride Jr.
Safety Alohi Gilman, now eligible after sitting out 2017 following his transfer from the Naval Academy, caused a fumble and recovered it and finished with six stops.
Here are some other things to know from a spring game won 47-44 by the Blue team over the Gold in front of 31,729 at Notre Dame Stadium.
Senior quarterback Brandon Wimbush, last year's starter, did enough during Saturday's game — he completed 19 of 33 passes for 341 yards and two touchdowns against one interception — to go into the summer and fall as Notre Dame's No. 1 quarterback over junior Ian Book, who rallied Notre Dame in the Citrus Bowl victory to a pair of touchdowns after Wimbush was ineffective against LSU.
Book completed 17 of 30 passes for 292 yards, including an 85-yarder to Chase Claypool, who finished with six receptions for 151 yards and two scores.
Senior Dexter Williams and junior Tony Jones Jr. spent all spring battling to replace departed 1,000-yard rusher Josh Adams. Williams gained 117 yards on 11 carries, including a 72-yard carry when he was kept out of the end zone by track speedster Troy Pride Jr.
Kelly liked the production he got from multi-positional players Jafar Armstrong and Avery Davis, who is the No. 3 quarterback behind Wimbush and Adams. Armstrong had 69 combined yards receiving and rushing, including a 25-yard scoring run. The 5-foot-11, 203-pound sophomore Davis picked up 30 yards rushing on 11 carries and 24 more on two receptions.


text:
Jean-Pierre Aloïsi (auch: Pierre Aloysi) (* 15. September 1913 in Bastia; † 10. Mai 1971 in Aups) war ein französischer römisch-katholischer Geistlicher, Widerstandskämpfer und Verfolgter des Nationalsozialismus.

Leben

Priester und Soldat
Jean-Pierre André Marie Joseph Aloïsi, Sohn eines Unteroffiziers, wuchs in Bastia auf und besuchte das Kleine Seminar in Ajaccio. Aufgrund einer Überreaktion des Schulleiters wurde er wegen einer Lappalie aus der Schule verwiesen, konnte aber, nach Übersiedlung der Familie von Korsika nach Toulon, mit Empfehlung des Bischofs von Ajaccio ab 1929 das Kleine Seminar in Hyères besuchen, anschließend das Priesterseminar des Bistums Fréjus-Toulon in Solliès-Ville. Dort wurde er am 1. Mai 1939 zum Priester geweiht. Während des Kriegsdienstes wurde er im Mai 1940 schwer verwundet und verbrachte die Zeit von Juli 1940 bis November 1941 im Sanatorium in Passy, unweit des Mont Blanc.

Résistant, KZ-Häftling und Pfarrer
Am 1. Oktober 1942 trat er eine Kaplansstelle in Bargemon an. Ab Mai 1943 schloss er sich dort einer Résistance-Gruppe an, die unter der Führung seines Jugendfreundes Ludovic Altieri (1912–1996) stand. Damit gehörte er zu den nur zehn Priestern des Bistums, die sich frühzeitig von der Pétain-Regierung abwandten. Seine Aufgabe bestand darin, nächtlich an Fallschirmen abgeworfene Waffen einzusammeln, in Kirche und Pfarrhaus zu verstecken und später an Kampfgruppen zu verteilen. Am 24. April 1944 wurde er nach der Messe von der Gestapo festgenommen. Da er von seiner Denunziation erfahren hatte, erwartete er die Festnahme in Uniform. Nach mehreren Monaten Haft in Draguignan wurde Aloïsi am 10. August 1944 nach Marseille gebracht und von dort über Compiègne in das KZ Neuengamme deportiert, wo er die Matrikelnummer 136788 trug. Von Neuengamme wurde er in das KZ Dachau überstellt, wo er am 29. April 1945 von der amerikanischen Armee mit nur mehr 35 kg Körpergewicht lebend befreit werden konnte. Aloïsi kehrte in die Pfarrei Bargemon zurück, war von 1951 bis 1960 Pfarrer in Carnoules und von 1960 bis zu seinem Ableben (mit 57 Jahren) Pfarrer in Aups.

Ehrungen
Aloïsi war ab 1947 Ritter, ab 1951 Offizier und ab 1960 Kommandeur der Ehrenlegion. In Aups ist die Rue Jean Pierre Aloisi nach ihm benannt.

Literatur
Louis Porte: Reprise et fragments de l'histoire du diocèse de Fréjus-Toulon. Lau, Toulon 2019, S. 181–202. ("Pierre Aloysi")

Weblinks
Nennung von Jean-Pierre Aloïsi in der Base Léonore des französischen Nationalarchivs
Nennung von Jean-Pierre Aloïsi im Museum Honoré-Camos in Bargemon

Römisch-katholischer Geistlicher (20. Jahrhundert)
Résistancekämpfer
Häftling im KZ Neuengamme
Häftling im KZ Dachau
Mitglied der Ehrenlegion (Kommandeur)
Franzose
Geboren 1913
Gestorben 1971
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


1925 Senate Bill 0098. Resolve Providing For The Further Improvement Of The Inner Portions Of Wild Harbor In North Falmouth.
Title 1925 Senate Bill 0098. Resolve Providing For The Further Improvement Of The Inner Portions Of Wild Harbor In North Falmouth.


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BRIAR STREET THEATRE PARKING
3133 N. Halsted St., Chicago, IL, 60657
408 events found
About Briar Street Theatre
In Chicago, the area on the edge of the Lakeview and Boystown neighborhoods is bustling. Very close to storied Wrigley Field, DePaul University's Lincoln Park campus and the magnificently blue Lake Michigan, parking is hard to find, especially parking for the Briar Street Theater. It's not only Lake Michigan that is blue, though - the Briar Street Theater hosts the titular Blue Man Group, an avant-garde performance troupe that makes some spectacular music while covered in cobalt-blue make-up.
Before its existence as a theater began, at the early dawn of the 20th century, the area on which the Briar Street Theater sits was the site of the stables for the horses of the legendary Marshall Field's company. In this day and age, the Briar Street Theater parking situation is not as easy as bringing a horse to a carriage house. Lakeview and its environs have very little space to park, and is constantly filled with pedestrian traffic, especially on days when the Cubs are in town at the monument they call Wrigley. Getting to a theater production on time is paramount, but if you go to see Blue Man Group at the Briar Street Theater, it is especially imperative: If a ticket-holder comes in late, the Blue Man Group will literally set off a "late alarm" in front of the rest of the audience. If you don't want to be late, plan ahead and let ParkWhiz take care of Briar Street Theater parking for you.
After the building's previous incarnation as the carriage house of the Marshall Field company ceased, it was under the ownership of the Werner Kennelly Moving and Storage Company for a long period of time, causing its potential to remain untapped. In 1970, Walt Topel purchased the property from Kennelly and transformed it into a sound stage, making use of it for his production company, Cinetronics, Ltd., from 1977 to 1985.
With 625 seats and wheelchair-accessible aisles, the Theater opened in 1985, and is still owned to this day by Topel's family. Past shows at the Briar Street Theater include Having Our Say, Driving Miss Daisy, Steve Martin's Picasso at the Lapin Agile, Jackie Mason's Politically Incorrect, Laughter on the 21st Floor and many more, including shows transferred from other theaters.
Blue Man Group began its' run in Chicago in 1997 at the Briar Street, and has continued ever since, entertaining and mesmerizing its audience with every show. With themes ranging from the information age, cultural norms, science, technology and much more, the performers themselves never say a word. Instead they let their music, props and the performance speak for them. The performers at one point did speak with theatergoers after the show, but that quickly ceased, so that they stay in character the entire time. If an autograph is requested, one would likely get a smudge of blue paint. While the Blue Man Group can sometimes be a mystifying and confusing performance, Briar Street Theater parking doesn't have to be. When you let ParkWhiz take care of parking in the busy Lakeview area for you, all you need to do is sit back and enjoy the show.
ParkWhiz is event parking for the Information Age - all you have to do is find your show for the Briar Street Theater on the ParkWhiz website, print your parking pass and bring it with you to the Briar Street Theater parking lot. With ParkWhiz, you won't be left having to park in a carriage house when the curtain's about to rise.
Chicago Parking for other theaters:
Apollo Theater Chicago
Angel Island Theater
Arie Crown Theater
Athenaeum Theatre
Bank of America Theatre
Black Ensemble Theater
Broadway Playhouse at Water Tower Place
Bughouse Theater
Lincoln Loft
Mercury Theatre
Royal George Theatre
Steppenwolf Theatre
Symphony Center Grainger Ballroom
The ComedySportz Theatre
The Cornservatory
The Neo-Futurarium
The Pub Theater
Vic Theatre
MORE INFO ABOUT Briar Street Theatre
MORE ABOUT Briar Street Theatre

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Bacteria are the oldest species known on earth and are first seen in the fossil record approximately 3.5 billion years ago.
Bacteria are highly diverse and adaptable, having been found in every type of habitat on earth from the icy waters of Antarctica to the hot thermal springs in California.
Most bacterial species are environmental, only a relatively small proportion are human pathogens.
Pathogenic species (such as Legionellae) have evolved to grow preferentially at human body temperatures, therefore they can be killed at relatively low temperatures. Most skin and oral bacteria are killed between 60°C to 65°C which is useful as this means that tunics and uniforms worn in the dental surgery can be disinfected in domestic washing machines at these temperatures.
Mycobacteria Tuberculosis (the cause of Tuberculosis), has a special bacterial wall containing mycolic acids and thick walled spore forming bacteria such as Clostridium species which causes tetanus, botulism, gas gangrene, C. difficile and antibiotic-associated colitis. This is heat resistant and requires higher temperatures such as 135°C to 137°C generated under pressure in a steam steriliser to destroy them.
Most dental infections are in the main, but not exclusively, polymicrobial.
Typically, an acute dental abscess comprises of facultative anaerobes (such as viridans group streptococci and the Streptococcus anginosus group), plus predominantly strict anaerobes (such as anaerobic cocci, Prevotella and Fusobacterium species).
The vast majority of dental abscesses respond to surgical treatment such as drainage of pus and elimination of the source of infection with root treatment. Antibiotic use is limited to spreading infections or patients with systemic illness, such as a raised temperature.
In other polymicrobial oral infections where anaerobic bacteria predominate (such as periodontitis and pericoronitis) oxygen generating mouth washes containing hydrogen peroxide are used as an adjunct to root planning and curettage to inhibit anaerobes.
Bacteria are prokaryotes unlike fungi and protozoa, which are eukaryotes.
Bacteria have structurally different chromosomes to eukaryotes, lack a nuclear membrane and mitochondria and are bounded by a peptidoglycan cell wall.
Bacteria can transmit and take up small pieces of DNA known as plasmids. These carry DNA sequences that code for antibiotic resistance. Plasmids can be transmitted to both the same species and between unrelated species. Antibiotic resistance can spread readily within bacterial biofilms such as dental plaque and can be spread from person to person.
Antibiotic resistance can also arise due to mutations in DNA replication and are selected for by clinical antibiotic use and misuse. Hence the importance of strict antibiotic stewardship practiced in hospital and dentistry in order to prevent the spread of multidrug resistant bacterial species.


The Portland Royal Naval Hospital was a naval hospital on the Isle of Portland, Dorset, England. Serving HMNB Portland at Portland Harbour, the hospital is located close to Castletown. Discounting earlier, temporary incarnations of the hospital, the permanent naval hospital was built at the beginning of the 20th century. It closed in 1957, when it was handed over to the National Health Service, which still runs the hospital as NHS Portland Community Hospital.


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Frederick William Barrett (10 January 1883 – 3 March 1931) was a British stoker. After having served as a stoker on several ships, on 6 April 1912, he was hired on board the RMS Titanic as lead stoker. On April 15, 1912, while the ship was sinking, Barrett boarded lifeboat No. 13 and took command of it, thus surviving the disaster. He later testified before commissions of inquiry into the sinking of the ship and continued to work in the navy until the 1920s. In 1923, after losing his wife Mary Anne Jones, he remained in Liverpool and worked ashore as a logger.

He died of pulmonary tuberculosis in 1931.

Biography

Youth and career
Frederick William Barrett was born on 10 January 1883 in Bootle, near Liverpool. He was the only surviving child of Henry Charles Barrett (1862-1909), a Devon workman, and Mary Barrett (née Morgan) (1864-?) of Birkenhead. On 4 October of the same year, he was baptized in St. John's Church in Bootle. Little is known about his youth, but the census of 1891 indicates that he was a wheelwright and his father a woodworker.

Barrett decided to turn to the sea when he discovered that his wife was unfaithful. The date of his first trip to sea is not certain. In 1903, he joined the Cunard Line aboard the RMS Campania as a stoker. In 1904, he entered the service of the Allan Line by serving aboard the SS Parisian and then the White Star Line aboard the RMS Cedric. In 1906, he returned to the Cunard Line serving again on the Campania. He then joined the American Line aboard the .

Aboard the Titanic

Crossing and collision
Frederick Barrett was a lead stoker working in boiler room 6 when Titanic struck an iceberg on the night of 14 April 1912. Boiler room 6 was at the site of the impact with the iceberg.

Barrett was talking to the second engineer John Henry Hesketh, when the red light and bells came on signalling the order to stop the engines. He shouted to the men in the boiler room to shut the dampers, the doors to the furnaces and to shut off the wind for the fires. Then he felt a crash and water came pouring in on him from a large tear in the ship's starboard side. Barrett made his way through the watertight door into boiler room 5. He was ordered to go back into boiler room 6, but there was 8 feet of water there. As some of the engineers attended the pumps, the engine room rang for all the stokers to go up on deck. Barrett was ordered to stay behind by an engineer, Mr. Harvey, in boiler room 5 to get some lamps, draw fires, and lift the manhole plate until water started to rush in.

Aboard lifeboat 13
Barrett went up along a hatchway to reach the starboard side of A Deck where there were only two lifeboats left. He escaped the sinking ship on lifeboat 13, which was filled with about 65 or 70 people. Lifeboat 15 nearly came down on top of their lifeboat, but they got out in time. He was put in charge of the lifeboat for about an hour, until he got cold and had to let someone else take over. At one point a woman put a cloak over him, and he was unable to remember anything that took place after that in the lifeboat. At 4:45am Barrett and the others in the lifeboat were rescued by .

Commissions of inquiry, career continuation and end of life
After the sinking, he testified at both the British Titanic inquiry and United States Senate inquiry into the sinking of the RMS Titanic.

On 25 May 1912, just a few weeks after the sinking, Barrett was working on Titanics sister ship  where he was questioned by Senator William Alden Smith as part of an investigation.
Barrett died in Liverpool on 3 March 1931 due to tuberculosis.

Frederick William Barrett
Barrett is not to be confused with fellow crewmember, stoker Frederick William Barrett, born in 1879, who perished in the sinking.

Portrayals
 Maurice Roëves (1979) (S.O.S. Titanic)
 Derek Lea (1997) (Titanic)
 Phil Cheadle (2011) "What Sank Titanic" Curiosity (TV series)
 Ciarán McMenamin (2012) (Saving the Titanic)
 Brian d'Arcy James (1997) (Titanic (musical))
 Ken (2017) (Titanic (musical))
 Niall Sheehy (2018) (Europe tour)
 Matt deKort (2019) (Grand Theatre)

Notes

1883 births
1931 deaths
RMS Titanic survivors
People from Liverpool
20th-century deaths from tuberculosis
Tuberculosis deaths in England


The Justice Department is issuing subpoenas to banks that provide services to a slew of suspect financial ventures, most notably online payday lenders.
Online payday lending--which involves smaller, short-term loans at high interest rates--totaled $18.6 billion in 2012, up 10 percent from 2011, accounting for nearly 40 percent of industry-wide payday-loan volume.
COBURN CLEARS WAY FOR CONFIRMATION VOTE Sen. Tom Coburn (R-KY) lifted his block on a vote to confirm President Obama's nominee to lead the Office of Personnel Management, Katherine Archuleta, after the agency issued a proposed rule stating that Obamacare would not stick members of Congress and their staff with higher health insurance costs.
Last week, Coburn said he would block Archuleta's confirmation vote until the Obama administration would clarify how the president's signature healthcare law would affect the legislative branch.
CHINESE EXPORTS RISE The world's second largest economy is stabilizing after two slow quarters. New data for July shows that exports rose 5.1 percent from last year, beating expectations and bouncing back from June's 3.1 percent drop. Imports also increased 10.9 percent, leaving China with a trade surplus of $17.8 billion.


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Q: windows 10, adding more functionality to keyboard keys so basically I want to add more commands into a single key for e.g:
When ingame, I need to press Q for skill but after that I must press ctrl+6.
How can I combine both of them into the Q key? when I press Q it will activate the skill AND the ctrl+6.
Thanks

A: This is best accomplished with third party software that runs in the background in Windows:
http://lifehacker.com/5883003/the-best-key-remapper-for-windows
Some gaming keyboards come with this software. I use a Razer BlackWidow to remap some keys in "gaming mode" and disable the windows key while I'm in games: http://a.co/1ovAqem
The software that comes with this keyboard also allows macros of multiple keystrokes mapped to special macro keys.


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I'm afraid I find myself compelled to agree with Kelvin on that.
She shot down a helicopter.
I am definitely getting the least enjoyment out of my book.
Phiroze had to drop out from college because he couldn't afford tuition.
Ramanan hurried out of the classroom.
Victor likes ham and eggs.
Everyone is looking at Stanly.
Thierry was sure Sundar was lying.
Ramesh was impressed by Kimberly's plan.
The box just fell to pieces all at once.
Alexis announced his decision Monday.
She died of thirst during the drought.
What tennis players do you like?
This always has a meaning.
Evan and I go back a long way.
"Hey man! Didn't I tell you, Ben, that I don't eat meat!?" - "Balderdash! You're going to eat it whether you like it or not!"
Wilmer is a big man.


text:
Reform Party of Florida
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For more than 20 years, we have witnessed NAFTA's destruction throughout America! Now globalists are expanding NAFTA with the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) to continue building the North American Union. We stopped the NAU in 2009, and with your help, we can do it again. Let's create the pressure needed to Get US Out! of …
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2020 is going to be a big year. We need candidates for the 2020 election at all levels. If you are interested, please contact the Chair, josephawendt@gmail.com
FORMER LAKE COUNTY SCHOOL BOARD OFFICIAL ENDORSES DARCY RICHARDSON FOR GOVERNOR
Mount Dora, Florida – Since qualifying as the only third-party candidate for governor last week, Darcy Richardson is picking-up momentum across the Sunshine State. Former Libertarian Candidate for Governor Randy Wiseman, who recently stepped out of the governor's race due to health concerns, said he is 100 percent behind Reform Party of Florida Candidate Darcy …
FORMER U.S. SENATE CANDIDATE ENDORSES DARCY RICHARDSON FOR GOVERNOR
Deland, Florida – Reform Party of Florida Candidate Darcy G Richardson qualifies as the only third-party candidate for Florida governor last week and receives an early endorsement from prominent former Libertarian. "I was both surprised and excited to see Darcy Richardson take the third line in the governor's race this year," said Paul Stanton, former …
Reform Party Rising
The Reform Party has a fully qualified candidate for Governor and Darcy G Richardson is the only third party candidate on the ballot for Governor. Unlike other minor parties in Florida, we fully support our candidate. No one in the Reform Party saw fit to back bite our candidate and then run away from the …
Reform Party Candidate for Governor in 2018
Darcy Richardson, author, historian, and presidential candidate for the Democratic and Reform Parties, is now officially on the ballot for governor of Florida in 2018 as the Reform Party candidate. Richardson's candidacy would also be the first time a Reform candidate has ran in the gubernatorial election since 2006, where Max Linn ran and won …
Interview with Roque De La Fuente
Tell us a little about yourself. Who are you? Why are you running for President? I'm basically living proof that the American Dream can be achieved by those who are inspired to pursue it. My parents were from Mexico, but by a stroke of luck, I was born in the United States, in the beautiful …
Reform Party of Florida Statement on Social Security and Medicare
Florida has a large number of elder voters. One of the founding principles of the Reform Party is to keep Social Security solvent. Instead of keeping the Social Security solvent, the Republicans and Democrats have been raiding the trust, and taking people's hard earned wages. The Democrats offer no solution, and the Republicans want to …
Reform Party National Secretary Talks Florida Issues
How about you tell us about yourself, who you are and what you do for the Reform Party? My name is Nicholas Hensley, and I am the Secretary of the Reform Party National Committee. I am from North Carolina. I am the only Southeasterner with a national party office. As the ranking Southeastern officer, I …
Three States Attempt to Keep Reform Party Presidential Candidate Off of Ballot
Reform Party Members and Supporters, I am glad to announce that the Reform Party's Presidential candidate, Roque De La Fuente, has gained ballot access in about thirty states. This is a big step up for us, as we have not been on this number of state ballots since 2004. As we regain strength however, the …
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Batholiths., Petrology Idaho., Geology, Structural.
Wiswall, Charles Gilbert, "STRUCTURE AND PETROGRAPHY BELOW THE BITTERROOT DOME IDAHO BATHOLITH NEAR PARADISE IDAHO" (1979). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 10041.


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Music Opportunities FAQ
Oberlin Conservatory is a world leader in the education of undergraduate musicians, but we're also an extensive resource for students in Oberlin's College of Arts and Sciences. Every year hundreds of those students take private lessons and courses in music—and even perform in ensembles alongside their conservatory peers.
Our page dedicated to music opportunities in the College of Arts & Sciences is a great introduction to all that we offer, along with the list of frequently asked questions you'll find below. Still have questions? We'd love to hear from you! Reach us at conservatory.admissions@oberlin.edu.
When reading the below information, the term "college" is used to refer to the College of Arts & Sciences.
Is it possible for a current college student to add a music major in the Conservatory to be in the Double Degree program, and what is the timeline for doing so?
Yes, it is possible for enrolled college students to add the Bachelor of Music portion as part of the double degree program. We call this "Change of Divisional Status." Students interested in adding the conservatory degree will need to audition for entry using the same audition and screening requirements as other Bachelor of Music applicants, and complete the Change of Divisional Status application process. Please keep in mind that acceptance into the conservatory is competitive and only a small number of college students are accepted each year. Interested students should contact the applied faculty within their chosen area soon after arriving as a college student to discuss the best way to prepare.
In nearly all cases, current college students would complete the Change of Divisional application in fall semester, audition in spring semester, and should they be accepted, enter the following year with double degree status (Ex. complete the application fall semester of their first year, audition in the following spring semester, and enter in their second year as double degree). Exceptions to this are possible, but unlikely. It is possible that you can take certain conservatory classes in your first semester as a college student. A Change of Divisional Status can be done within the first or second year enrolled and still complete both degrees within the maximum 5-year timeline. After the second year, students would require special permission to apply for the double degree program.
What does the new music minor entail? What are interdivisional minors/programs?
Oberlin's new music minor is an opportunity for college students to learn about music in a practical way by giving them a foundation in the study of music and rigorous musical experiences. The minor consists of five courses to be taken in 3 of 5 areas: Solo Performance (which include secondary lessons), Ensemble Performance, Academic Areas, Creative Practice, and PACE & PROF areas. PACE is an acronym for Pedagogy, Advocacy, and Community Engagement, which is a department that houses classes related to music education. PROF is the course code for for classes in the Professional Development department within the Conservatory. Learn more about the music minor in the online course catalog.
In addition to the music minor for college students described above, both college and conservatory students may elect to pursue one or more of the new interdivisional programs. These include minors in African American Music, Arts and Creative Technologies, Interdisciplinary Performance, Music and Cognition, Music and Popular Culture, and an integrative concentration in Arts Administration and Leadership. While the music minor focuses solely on coursework within the conservatory, the interdivisional programs utilize coursework and opportunities within both the college and conservatory as they relate to the specific program. Learn more about the interdivisional programs on our website here.
Is it possible to double minor?
Yes, students can double minor, either with both minors within the college or by adding the music minor through the conservatory to another college minor. See a list of all college minors.
Is music theory a part of the Musical Studies major?
Yes. Music theory and aural skills courses are required for the Musical Studies major. Placement exams happen at the beginning of the school year in the fall. See more on the Musical Studies major.
What are some study abroad opportunities for Musical Studies majors in the college?
As studying abroad is student-driven, there are myriad possibilities of study abroad and international projects for Musical Studies majors. You can participate in Oberlin-affiliated programs, like The Center for University Programs Abroad (CUPA) which offers classes in music, or programs you find in your own research based on your interests. Note that you can study abroad during the fall or spring semester, for the entire school year, over Winter Term, or throughout the summer. Check out our Office of Study Away webpage for more details.
Practicing, Lessons, and Solo Performance
Are there practice rooms or practice spaces available to college students?
Yes, all of the general practice rooms (nearly all of which include pianos) located in Robertson Hall of the conservatory are open to college students for use, free of charge and without needing to sign up in advance. Rooms are available on a first-come, first-serve basis and can accommodate one or two people at a time within most of the general rooms for lessons, rehearsals with accompanists, etc. With more than 150 practice rooms, there is often ample opportunity for all to practice when desired. Robertson Hall is open from 7:30am to midnight daily (except during special times in the school year, such as academic breaks). Musical Studies majors can also reserve classrooms in the conservatory for chamber groups, a capella groups, and other similar ensembles to rehearse. Additionally, there are additional practice rooms for college students in South Hall and Kahn Hall, two of our many on-campus dormitories. Additionally, pianos are located for practice in every residence hall's lobby area.
Are there opportunities for college students to take private lessons?
We offer all students the opportunity for private music lessons through two different programs. In our credit-bearing Secondary Lessons Program, students may audition in their area and are placed with either a student or a faculty member (less likely due to their teaching load and schedule). Students must have two credits available in their schedule in order to apply and audition for Secondary Lessons. Through our Private Lesson Referral Program, Oberlin students may privately hire a Conservatory student teacher. Through Private Lesson Referrals, instruction is available on most instruments for a fee paid directly to the student teachers.
Will college students have access to instruments if they do not own their own (i.e. percussion, contrabassoon)?
Yes, college students registered for private lessons as part of the Secondary Lessons program can check out instruments, free of charge, through our instrument depot, depending on availability. See more about instrument rentals.
Can a student participate in lessons for multiple instruments? Additionally, is there a maximum amount of lessons available to students?
Yes, students can take secondary lessons in more than one area at a time – it all depends on your progress towards your degree, your schedule, and the space in your course load for the semester. Note that only those lessons that fit in your course load will be able to be taken as for-credit; additional lessons will have to be taken as not-for-credit.
Do college students have the opportunity to put on recitals?
Yes, college students can perform recitals in many of the spaces around campus - even in dorms, as they have pianos in the lobbies! However, only conservatory students and Musical Studies majors are able to perform their recitals in the concert halls in the conservatory. This is only due to the fact that there are so many concerts and rehearsals happening every day, that we need to reserve those spaces for degree-required activities.
Are there lessons or performance opportunities on electric bass?
The conservatory only offers lessons in upright double bass, in both the classical and jazz areas, but student-teachers in jazz bass may be able to offer lessons on electric bass. There is no electric bass in the Oberlin Jazz Ensemble, our big band, but there may be opportunity in jazz small ensembles.
What opportunities do college students have to play organ?
College students interested in playing any of the four concert organs around campus should be in contact with David Kazimir, Curator of Organs. There are also over a dozen practice rooms with practice organs from various time periods available to both college and conservatory students.
Classes and Academic Opportunities
Can I take conservatory classes as a college student, even if not working toward a minor or double degree?
Yes, college students are able to take classes in the conservatory. College students may elect to take standard classes for conservatory students (e.g.: Music Theory I) or enroll in one of the many classes designed for non-majors. The only thing to note is that there can be some limitations in the standard classes due to space availability, as majors who require the course for their degree will always get preference over non-majors (the same is true for classes in the college as well). Also, any prerequisites for the course would need to be met. There may be some upper-level courses that are restricted to majors only, as with any department in both the college and conservatory. Special permission may be granted by the appropriate faculty on a case-by-case basis for these advanced courses.
Is there a difference between college music classes and conservatory music classes?
All music classes taught at Oberlin are taught by conservatory faculty, but the educational focus of each class may differ. Classes required of conservatory students are focused on preparing them for a professional career in music, specifically in the jazz and classical arenas, often within the realms of performance or composition. Classes designed for college students are meant to provide a strong foundation for music within a liberal arts context, which is often applied to more academic careers in music, such as musical research, music journalism, or arts administration. They also provide experience for those who are interested in performing in areas not offered in the conservatory or seek to meaningfully enrich their lives in music. However, college students may access some of the advanced conservatory music classes with permission from the professor or division director, and conservatory students can also be found in those courses designed for college students when the subject is outside of their chosen major.
Are there any courses for college students in Baroque music?
Yes, college students can take individual classes that cover music of the Baroque, Medieval, and Renaissance eras through the Music History department, and other classes, such as our Introduction to Historical Performance course. There are also several ensembles that college students can perform with that are conducted by conservatory faculty, such as our early music choir, Collegium Musicum, the recorder consort, or the gamba consort.
Are there any music production classes for students in the college?
While the conservatory does not offer specific classes on the topic of music production, it can be explored through related courses in the TIMARA (Technology in Music and Related Arts) department. Some TIMARA classes involve music production peripherally and may be open to college students with permission from the faculty. TECH 101 is a specific TIMARA class that is open to college students and non-majors; other classes also exist at the 100-level for an introduction into electroacoustic music and recording. Additionally, there are extra-curricular opportunities to build experience in music production - namely, student employment with Con Audio, the office that manages audiovisual needs within the Conservatory, or working in Studio B, a broadcast studio for local and visiting musicians, that is a part of our student run radio station, WOBC-FM.
What sort of opportunities are there for college students to study composition?
College students are welcome take introductory composition courses, such as COMP 101, and other non-major courses in the department. Private lessons are also offered in composition through the secondary lessons program.
Instrumental Ensemble Opportunities
Are there opportunities for college students to perform with an orchestra?
Yes, there are ensemble and performance opportunities available to students at the college: The Arts & Sciences Chamber Collective (ASCC) is a new chamber ensemble practicum course led by members of the Verona Quartet, Quartet-in-Residence at the Oberlin College & Conservatory. This course offers college students the chance to sharpen their individual and collaborative music skills through multifaceted chamber music settings including Small Chamber Groups and the A&S Chamber Orchestra.
Acceptance is based on audition and course availability. All orchestral instruments and pianists are welcome to apply; placement is contingent on the availability of repertoire and instrumental composition of the group of students auditioning in a given semester. Please email Jonathan Ong for audition information.
College students may also audition to perform with the main conservatory large ensembles: Oberlin Orchestra, Oberlin Chamber Orchestra, Oberlin Sinfonietta, and Contemporary Music Ensemble. It should be noted, however, that due to the requirement that conservatory performance majors play in these large ensembles every semester, we must ensure space is available to those students first. This may prevent college students who play in smaller instrument areas, such as winds, brass and percussion, from having available space, but is more likely in section instruments, such as strings.
As true for conservatory students, college students placed in one of the aforementioned conservatory large ensembles have to do placement auditions each year. String players audition once a year; winds and brass audition once each semester. Availability may also change each concert cycle depending on the repertoire performed.
What chamber music opportunities are there for college students?
College students interested in chamber music can register for a dedicated class, Oberlin A&S Chamber Music, taught by conservatory faculty or staff. Students in this course audition and are placed in various chamber groups and are coached by the instructor(s). They have an opportunity to perform on a recital at the end of the course for a public audience. For more information, contact Chris Jenkins, Conservatory Associate Dean for Academic Support.
College students who play at a high level are also welcome to audition for conservatory chamber groups. Interested students should reach out to Professor Kirsten Docter, Associate Professor of Viola and Chamber Music.
Are there pit orchestra opportunities for college students?
Yes, college students can audition to play in the pit orchestra for any of the musicals that are produced in the college, such as those in the Theater or Dance departments, or the Oberlin Musical Theater Association (OMTA). The pit orchestra for mainstage opera theater productions is comprised of students in the Oberlin Orchestra and Oberlin Chamber Orchestra.
Are there jazz performance opportunities for college students?
Yes, jazz ensembles (both Oberlin Jazz Ensemble - our big band - and the small ensembles) are open to college students who demonstrate, through audition, that they understand the vocabulary and harmonic details of the repertoire and display the skills to perform at a high level. Should students demonstrate this and wish to be involved in faculty-coached small ensembles, they will either be placed with conservatory Jazz Studies majors or other college students that also demonstrate strong performance abilities. Auditions can be arranged with Professor Jay Ashby, Director of the Division of Jazz Studies and Professor of Jazz Trombone.
What is Performance and Improvisation and can college students participate?
The Performance and Improvisation (PI) ensembles provide an opportunity for students to enrich their existing musical vocabularies and skills through practical exploration of a variety of world music and improvisation across a range of genres and styles. They are elective ensembles open to both college and conservatory students, and welcome participation from all instrument areas. Typically to audition for PI, students must be in their second year or higher. Those who play classical instruments are strongly encouraged to have taken the Beginning Improvisation class and at least one semester of the Internalizing Rhythms class before auditioning. For more PI ensemble information, contact Professor Jamey Haddad, Professor of Advanced Improvisation and Percussion.
What's the scene for marching band, pep band, or something similar?
There is a student-run marching band, Oberlin College Marching Band (OCMB). It is a club-like group that was founded back in 1998 and is mainly composed of college students. You can find more info about the band and how to join on the OCMB website. OCMB also has a Facebook page where you can check out some of their past performances.
Are there any percussion ensembles or groups outside of the conservatory?
Yes, there are non-conservatory percussion ensembles: Oberlin Steel (or OSteel), our steel pan group, has a long history on Oberlin's campus and has toured, recorded an album, and performs regularly in the community, and Oberlin College Taiko, the Japanese taiko drumming group. We also offer a for-credit course on Javanese Gamelan. Students can also play in a band or create their own groups, Experimental College (ExCo) classes, or student organizations related to percussion performance.
Vocal Ensemble Opportunities
Are there opportunities for college students to perform with a choir or in an opera theater production?
Yes, in addition to the many student-formed a cappella groups on campus, there are several choirs that are available to college students. Oberlin's Musical Union is the nation's second oldest continuing choral tradition, and its membership is comprised of college students, conservatory students, and members of the Oberlin community. Oberlin College Choir is the conservatory's main large vocal ensemble, and like other main conservatory large ensembles, college students are welcome to audition for participation. Interested students should contact Professor Gregory Ristow, Director of Vocal Ensembles and Associate Professor of Conducting, to arrange an audition. Students interested in the Musical Union may also complete the interest form.
Oberlin produces 3 operas each year—one mainstage production each semester and one smaller production over Winter Term. Of these, the Winter Term opera is most accessible to college students and has featured college students in the recent past. College students are able to audition for the other two mainstage productions as well, however participation is often restricted due to availability—roles and opera chorus parts are typically reserved for students who need to be in a production per their degree requirements.
Are there religious vocal ensembles at Oberlin?
Yes, there is a gospel choir offered through the conservatory, which is organized and directed by Professor La Tanya Hall, Associate Professor of Jazz Voice. Any student can audition to participate, and those interested should contact Professor Hall. There is also a student-run group called Voices for Christ, which is a smaller ensemble of students who perform gospel and Christian songs.
Are there vocal ensembles geared towards contemporary music?
Yes, Oberlin College Choir performs a wide array of repertoire, including new music from living composers – even pieces written by faculty in our Composition Department. There are often new vocal ensembles being formed around contemporary commercial and classical music as well. The Phlox Choir, as part of the new, student-led Phlox Ensembles that also includes an orchestral group, continues to perform many contemporary pieces in line with their mission to showcase works written by women, trans, and non-binary composers beginning with their first concert over Winter Term in 2019. You can also sing in a cappella groups (such as the newly created Sourgum Experimental Vocal Ensemble) or offer an ExCo class in contemporary choral music to sing with like-minded individuals.
How do you get involved in musical theater at Oberlin?
Oberlin is home to many musical theater lovers! There is a long-standing student organization called Oberlin Musical Theater Association (OMTA). To join, you can attend their general interest meetings held throughout the year, speak with one of the student leaders (you can connect with them via social media on the OMTA Facebook page), or audition for one of their 3 productions done throughout the school year.
How many theaters are there for plays, musicals, etc. at Oberlin? And how many plays and musicals happen per year at Oberlin, on average?
Oberlin currently has 3 theaters – Hall Auditorium, which seats approximately 500 people, for mainstage productions; Kander Theater, a black-box theater for experimental shows, and the Wurtzel Theater, which is an adjustable space that can seat up to 300. The Warner Center, which houses the Theater and Dance departments, has additional studios.
Each year, there is one mainstage musical and two mainstage plays, led by faculty or guest directors, in Hall Auditorium. There are at least three additional student-directed musicals through the Oberlin Musical Theater Association and five additional student-directed plays through the Oberlin Student Theater Association (OSTA). Theater majors also direct several plays each year as part of projects for their major in Kander Theater. Casting for all productions are open to all Oberlin students.
Can you take voice lessons in musical theater?
As there is no major or formal program in musical theater in either the college or the conservatory, there are no lessons in musical theater specifically. However, secondary lessons are offered in jazz voice. One interested in learning musical theater singing could take lessons in either jazz or classical voice studies to build healthy singing technique and then apply those techniques to performing in musicals.
Is there interaction between the music, theater, and dance departments? Are there opportunities that integrate all of these various art forms?
Yes, some through structured opportunities that take place annually, but much of which happens organically. One example of this would be the recent performance of Two the Hands by Caroline Shaw. This work was performed by Oberlin College Choir, a vocal ensemble comprised of both college and conservatory musicians, accompanied by string instrumentalists from the conservatory and featuring dancers from the college's Dance department. It was choreographed by a Visiting Assistant Professor of Dance. While this performance doesn't happen annually, it is not unusual for productions to involve several departments.
A more structured opportunity would be the musical included annually as one of the Theater department's main stage productions. These productions often feature conservatory and college students both on stage and in the pit. The Theater and Dance departments are also closely related, with many cross-listed courses in the two areas. Our new interdivisional minor in Interdisciplinary Performance brings together classes from all of these art forms, in addition to visual art, cinematic studies, creative writing, and more. Students can even create their own majors to include coursework in music, theater, and dance. Additionally, there is opportunity for classes in these areas to be connected as part of a course cluster in our StudiOC.
What sorts of music are popular amongst Oberlin students?
Truly all sorts! There are many eclectic and wide-ranging musical interests of Oberlin students, even those in the conservatory who either major in classical performance or Jazz Studies. You will be sure to find other Obies who enjoy or are interested in the music you like to listen to.
What is the process of joining the radio station at Oberlin?
For those who would like to be a part of Oberlin's student-run radio station, WOBC-FM, they can attend one of their open general interest meetings to learn about how to run a station and apply, or find contact info on the WOBC website.
How easy is it to create a band?
Starting a band at Oberlin is relatively easy; it basically involves advertising your interest around campus by having open calls for playing/jam sessions, or by reaching out to student musicians you know of. Our student-run radio station, WOBC-FM, hosts a cover band showcase every semester in the Dionysus Disco ('Sco), a live music venue in our student union, Wilder Hall, and it is another great way to find others interested in playing together. There is a recording space available through Studio B, a broadcast studio a part of WOBC for local musicians, also in Wilder Hall. Bands most commonly perform in the 'Sco, but there are also other venues for performance such as The Cat in the Cream Coffeehouse, or Wilder Main, a large event space on Wilder Hall's first floor.
The Gear Cooperative (Gear Co-op) is another resource in Wilder for students interested in being in a band. It was designed to give non-conservatory students, in particular, a place and the space to create, perform, and record their music. The co-op has a full volunteer staff and hosts twice-weekly trainings to familiarize interested students with the gear and the policies of the co-op. Equipment and space are free to use. They host fun events each year, such as the Rando Bando Showcase, where student musicians sign up and are randomly placed into bands together. Each band gets four weeks to write at least 1 song together to perform at the showcase.
Are there opportunities for someone in the college to be an accompanist?
Yes, students who would like to accompany other musicians have many opportunities to do so. Most of these outlets will come from college musicians who are in need of a pianist, but college students adept at accompanying have also assisted in rehearsals for student-run musicals with the Oberlin Musical Theater Association (OASO) and they assist peers in special projects.


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