text:
Sarko won't back up the bushies on Iran | 34 comments (34 topical, 0 editorial, 0 hidden)
Nah (4.00 / 2)
That only happens if the candidate is a woman.
A woman, AND a socialist. Angela Merkel is not subjected to as much parsing of her words. (Some, but not as much). Being a continental (European) does not help either. Nor not being a native English speaker.
by Jerome a Paris (etg@eurotrib.com) on Mon Feb 26th, 2007 at 04:49:08 PM EST
Re: Nah (4.00 / 2)
A woman, OR a socialist. Segolene gets attacked on both counts.
By the way, have you noticed how Sarkozy is Sarkozy and Royal is Segolene?
"It's the statue, man, The Statue."
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Mon Feb 26th, 2007 at 04:55:15 PM EST
Sarko and Sego (4.00 / 2)
The French love two-syllable words ending in "o". Ségo and Sarko join the ranks of metro, boulot, dodo, coco, facho, ecolo, sado, maso, reglo, anglo, franco, pseudo, mao, dodo.
It's just irrestible with these two names, and I don't think you should see more in the use of Ségo(lène) than this.
Re: Sarko and Sego (4.00 / 2)
Well, actually,nall through my school years I observed that boys were generally referred to by surname and girls by name. I never figured out where that came from, but I took it as a subtle indicator of sexism.
Re: Sarko and Sego (none / 1)
It was quite common when we had conscription to call people you knew well (but not intimately) by their names, as if they were surnames. In many jobs it's still like that, even using the "tu" thing !
I agree with Jerome for the "Sego and Sarko" short style !
"What can I do, What can I write, Against the fall of Night". A.E. Housman
by margouillat (hemidactylus(dot)frenatus(at)wanadoo(dot)fr) on Mon Feb 26th, 2007 at 06:15:55 PM EST
I'd much prefer to be called by my first name.
I suppose it is sexist in that the last name connotes the formal and professional and the first name connotes the informal and personal. It may also just have to do with the fact that women often take different last names when they marry, so for consistency's sake... And we "get" our last names from fathers and husbands. So it's not like they are illustrative of our independence.
Those who can make you believe absurdities can make you commit atrocities. -Voltaire
by p------- on Mon Feb 26th, 2007 at 06:28:24 PM EST
I always preferred to be called by me first name, and women in Spain don't take their husbands' names.
by Migeru (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Tue Feb 27th, 2007 at 03:13:29 AM EST
Disagree.
How often is SR simply called "Royal" ?
How often is Sarkozy referred to as "Nicolas" ?
How often have we heard "Nico and Ségo" ?
There's an infantilising and patronising tendency in all this - to some extent.
by afew (afew(a in a circle)eurotrib_dot_com) on Tue Feb 27th, 2007 at 01:32:45 AM EST
You have a point (none / 1)
Nico coumld have been used - but it is not as distinguishable. I think that Ségolène, being quite rare, is a nice identifier.
I expect my youngest kids to be identified by their first names later in their lifes, rather than their family names...
by Jerome a Paris (etg@eurotrib.com) on Tue Feb 27th, 2007 at 09:18:02 AM EST
Also, Royal is a word with an actual meaning besides being Segolène Royal's surname. When referring to people media will often use only the surname, and in this case can lead to confusion.
Indeed, calling her partisan "Royalist" (= monarchists) is impossible...
Un roi sans divertissement est un homme plein de misères
by linca (antonin POINT lucas AROBASE gmail.com) on Mon Feb 26th, 2007 at 06:50:46 PM EST
Re: Nah (none / 1)
I think it is her unabashed femininity too. Tarja Halonen doesn't get this kind of scrutiny, right?
Tarja does not. But then our Tarja operates in an entirely different environment. We Finns do not like super-heroes. We do not trust super-heroes, because we know they cannot be real. We like straight-talkers with foibles. We like people - mensch.
by Sven Triloqvist on Mon Feb 26th, 2007 at 05:07:52 PM EST
If you have followed the sexcapades of our recently divorced PM Matti Vanhanen, and the book his ex-lover recently published, then you would realise that the most successful Finnish politician is smarter, more thick-skinned, more dedicated and more uptight than the average Joe, but not by much.
It's really a decription of an above-average manager.
"We do not trust super-heroes, because we know they cannot be real."
But trolls, you believe in them, right? ;)
Only if they're cute.
These are cute? Migu, you still don't understand lesbiansim ;-)
What? Is Tove Jansson a lesbian?
Was, was...
I couldn't care less what her proclivities were. It's irrelevant.
Good writing comes out of personal conflict and a willingness to go where the path leads.
Hey... I've been raised on Moomin's (I used to cut and collect the strip in the daily newspaper I learned english with it (it was translated then in english)...
Wow... That's a sudden time trap ! :-)
It is a darker world than you might imagine ;-)
Very true... Specially that I always thought they were Hippos !
I thought the Trolls were all those little gnomes running on the island ...
I must have been almost 25 when I discovered with awe that the Mommin Maiden was a Troll... (What a shock) !
I have lived this same life out in the archipelago during the summer. You are out on an island for two months in the Baltic, like Robinson Crusoe, with nothing to do but ponder, look at the sea and sauna. Every three days you take a boat and go to the nearest island to shop for supplies - especially crates of red wine.
Sometimes friends drop by unexpectedly and you party. Sometimes it rains. Sometimes the mosquitoes are intolerable. Every night you light a bonfire and stare into the flames. You read a lot of books, especially in a little hut where you crap and there are even more mosquitoes - and possibly snakes.
It is the best time a human being can have...
Er... We might be trolling this diary ! Why wouldn't you make one on the Moomin's background (the islands) ,
For several winters I nearly went there from Leningrad, but never found the time (Rabot, rabot)!
Don't quote me on this, but I think the comic strips were actually originally written in English, for the London Evening News or somesuch.
"The basis of optimism is sheer terror" - Oscar Wilde
by NordicStorm (m<-at->sturmbaum.net) on Mon Feb 26th, 2007 at 05:32:49 PM EST
It must have been in the" Statesman" of India... Baap Arhee bab ! (loud sigh)
In Finnish-Swedish originally, I think - but like you said, 'don't quote me'
But do they support Sarkozy or Royal?
Poof! Of course not! Trolls are simply you with a 180 degree phase reversal.
Come and live in Finland, and see if it doesn't satisfy your inner trek to find something sensible between capitalism and communism.
I would have thought it was the Levorotation (lévogyre in french) part that did the Troll... :-)


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text:
Владимир Викторович Каширский (род. 19 октября 1941, Пенза, РСФСР, СССР) — советский и российский дирижёр и хормейстер. Заслуженный артист Российской Федерации (1994). Заслуженный деятель искусств Российской Федерации (2009). Почетный гражданин города Пензы (2013).

Художественный руководитель и главный дирижёр Пензенской Губернаторской симфонической капеллы.

Биография
Родился 19 октября 1941 года в г. Пензе.

В 1978 году окончил Куйбышевский государственный институт культуры по специальности «культурно-просветительская работа» и получил квалификацию «дирижер самодеятельного академического хора».

В 1991 году окончил Горьковскую государственную консерваторию им. М. И. Глинки по специальности «дирижер хора».

В 1964—1978 гг. работал художественным руководителем клубов предприятий города Пензы: «Тяжпромарматура», «Пензтекстильмаш» и ДК «Маяк».

С 1978 года В. В. Каширский стал хормейстером академического хора Дворца культуры им. Ф. Э. Дзержинского. В 1984 году на его основе он формирует городской академический хор. Впоследствии он создал еще несколько новых музыкально-хоровых коллективов.

В 1991 году он организовал и возглавил уникальный «Центр русской хоровой и вокальной культуры», который консолидировал Пензенский городской академический хор, муниципальный симфонический оркестр, городской хор ветеранов войны и труда, хор мальчиков «Виват».

В августе 2003 года В. В. Каширский назначен художественным руководителем Пензенской областной филармонии. По инициативе губернатора Пензенской области В. К. Бочкарёва на базе Пензенского академического хора и симфонического оркестра создана губернаторская симфоническая капелла, художественным руководителем которой является В.В. Каширский.

Награды
 Заслуженный артист Российской Федерации (1994);
 Заслуженный деятель искусств Российской Федерации (2009);
 Почетный гражданин города Пензы (2013);
 медаль священноисповедника Иоанна Оленевского II степени (2011) (Пензенская епархия РПЦ);
 Почетная грамота Пензенской области под № 1 (2021);
 премия Губернатора Пензенской области за достижения в области средств массовой информации, культуры и искусства (2011) - за вклад в развитие музыкального искусства;
 Памятный знак «За заслуги в развитии города Пензы» (26.08.2011);

Документальные фильмы и телепередачи
 «Россия 24. Пенза»: любовь к музыке, как секрет долголетия. Владимиру Каширскому — 80" (ГТРК «Россия 1. Пенза», 2021);
  (Пензенская областная филармония, 2021).

Примечания

Ссылки
 Официальный сайт Губернаторской симфонической капеллы
 Биография Каширского В. В. , Пензенские хроники. Краеведческий портал (www.penzahroniki.ru). 09.11.2021

 Почётные граждане города Пензы , penza-gorod.ru. 09.11.2021.

Выпускники Самарской академии культуры и искусств
Выпускники Нижегородской консерватории
Хормейстеры России
Дирижёры по алфавиту
Академические музыканты России
Почётные граждане Пензы
Награждённые Памятным знаком «За заслуги в развитии города Пензы»

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Titanic-Californian Morse lamp communication
Thread starter Brigitta Lienhard
RMS Titanic in detail
Ships that may have stood still
Manage Sale
Brigitta Lienhard
From the Californian's watch that night they observed on the southern horizon a large steamer on a westward heading for a period of time leading up to Titanic's 11.40 p.m. collision. At this time, the large liner (Titanic) veered to port making her starboard deck lights slowly become extinguished as observed from the Californian - and here is no later mention of this course altering back to the original heading. Obviously to those on Californian, she had turned southwestwards to skirt around the icefield. I would imagine from those observations, Titanic had never resumed her prior heading - which to those aboard Californian obviously believing that the ships continuation on that course slowly made her appear to slip below the horizon. In actual fact, she was sinking by the head and stationary. (this is my understanding of what happened)
If Titanic had again turned to the starboard to clear the stern - would not her side lights have once again become visible? I have often wondered whether there had been any bergs between the Titanic and the Californian which could have obscured observations between the two ships.
The Californian attempted to contact the ship via Morse lamp, yet this failed to solicit any response. The times that they both attempted this type of communication don't appear to coincide with each other. I would image that if both had continued, they would have likely struck a period that both parties could have observed each other. It appears that the Titanic was stern on to those on the Californian. Hardly ideal conditions.
I found it interesting that James Bisset [2nd officer on Carpathia] mentioned from his observation that night on the bridge wing that the night was cloudless, with all the stars shining brightly - "the peculiar atmospheric conditions of visibility intensified as we approached the icefield with the greenish beams of the Aurora Borealis shimmering and confusing the horizon ahead ahead of us ………." [interestingly -green flares had been fired from one of the lifeboats & Bisset recalled that the water had a sinister greenish crystal tinge that morning]
It strange that no one has mentioned the Aurora Borealis.
George Behe
Hi, Brigitta!
>If Titanic had again turned to the starboard to >clear the stern - would not her side lights have >once again become visible?
Titanic's red port sidelight *did* become visible to observers on board the so-called 'mystery ship' situated to the north; the Titanic's bows were pointed northward when she stopped, and the 'mystery ship' was situated off the Titanic's port bow.
RJ Emery
Using their Morse lamps, both the Titanic and Californian attempted to signal a nearby ship, estimated by their respective crews to be about five miles away.
I presume the Titanic Morse Lamp was electric, but I wonder if it was also electric aboard the Californian. Was it?
Has there been any study or investigation as to how distant a Morse Lamp signal of that era would be visible at night on the open ocean?
Any information on the apertures of both ships' lamps or their respective candlepower?
On the Titanic, the lamp was apparently fixed, and presumably there was one on both sides of the bridge. On the Californian, I believe the lamp was portable, making me doubt it was electric.
The use of a kerosene lamp does not necessarily mean it would be less bright than an electric one. The beam from lighthouses were often kerosene powered, their power greatly enhanced by a Fresnel lens.
And that leads to another issue. What was the lens, if any, on these Morse lamps? That would have a major impact on the distance a signal from such a lamp could be seen.
Assuming a plain glass front, I would suspect that with a 6-inch aperture at most, a Morse lamp signal would soon become indistinguishable at any moderate distance, a distance I would like to estimate if not already analyzed and determined.
IIRC, survivors of the 1986 sinking of the Pride of Baltimore, a tall ship blown over in a white squall, were adrift for four days in a rubber life raft largely without food or water. As it passed them at night, the eight survivors were able to flag down a huge oil tanker using only a weak battery-powered handheld flashlight signaling SOS. They were lucky. Lots of ships passed them by, taking no notice -- or not wanting to take notice -- of the light or the raft on the sea. Also consider what it takes for a large modern oil tanker to make a U-turn, which it did.
[Moderator's Note: This message, originally posted as a separate thread, has been moved to this pre-existing thread addressing the same subject. MAB]
Dave Gittins
We know much about Titanic's Morse lamp. Here's a bit from Titanic: The Ship Magnificent.
"This lamp assembly was fitted to a pole that raised it above the wing cab roof. Inside the lens was an electric light bulb of 25 to 50
candlepower. Such a light source could never have been seen at any distance except for the special character of the lens: a circular dioptric lens, similar in appearance and identical in function to the Fresnel lens of a lighthouse. Each glass lens was cast with concentric rings of glass
prisms which concentrated and focused the light from the small electric bulb into a much brighter and more powerful beam that radiated straight out over 360º in a horizontal plane."
There's plenty more about how it was operated.
Californian's lamp was "on top of the bridge" according to Gibson. This suggests a fixed electric light, as does Captain Lord's opinion that it could be seen for ten miles. We know nothing of its specifications.
Some of these lamps were rather elaborate, with as many as 16 small lamp bulbs of around six candlepower each. They even had a means of pre-heating the filaments, so as to speed up operations.
If Captain Lord said the Californian's Morse Lamp could be seen for ten miles, I will accept that. I do not believe he ever had any reason to knowingly give wrongful testimony. And if his lamp could be seen that distance, I am sure the Titanic's, probably being state-of-the-art, could be seen that distance as well.
Ten miles is also about the limit that two ships could reasonably see each other given the curvature of the earth.
Still, I wonder how large or bright the beam would appear if viewed from ten miles distant. My thought is that it might easily be missed, given that it would be on or close to the horizon.
Timothy Trower
I just checked my copy of TTSM, and I don't find a specific reference to the details that you quote and refer to about the Morse Lamp. Am I missing a footnote that references the actual source material used in TTSM?
Roy Kristiansen
>>Ten miles is also about the limit that two ships could reasonably see each other given the curvature of the earth.
Give it a couple more miles, RJ - and allow any ships so situated to disappear gradually from each other's view as the distance between them increases - or as one of them sinks.
Tim, it's on page 547 of Volume 1. (The wonders of searchable text!)
Checking my trusty Norie's Tables, I see that the upper decks of Titanic would have been visible from Californian at around 16 miles, in round figures.
This is part of the confusion. Titanic was sufficiently close to be seen, but too far off to be identified, especially when seen from almost head on.
Ah, but I have both hard and electronic copies myself, and what I am looking for is the actual source of the information -- "Shipbuilder", "Engineering", etc.
Tim, you'll have to ask Bruce and friends. As they say in the introduction, they have not attempted to reference the book like an academic treatise. As they say---
"A bibliography has been provided to list all
the sources for all research material used, although because of the wide range of period resource materials employed, specific references as to sources have not been provided throughout the text. Where they do appear in some specific cases; they are referenced as numbered endnotes. In addition, endnotes have also been used when additional explanatory text is required."
Providing sources for everything in a book of this kind is hardly practical. My own book contains more than 900 references, many containing multiple citations. I tried to limit references to points that were new, obscure or controversial. My use of pop-ups made this work reasonably well on screen but such numbers would be very cumbersome in printed books. I think there are times when we just have to trust the authors. We've been doing that for most Titanic books for years!
>>Titanic was sufficiently close to be seen, but too far off to be identified, especially when seen from almost head on.
So, Dave, if the Titanic was just close enough to the horizon that only its upper decks could be seen - but even that wasn't reliable since it was facing the Californian almost head on with its very dimly lit bow section, a person who hadn't seen it approaching broadside (Lord) could have mistaken it for just about anything?
It still doesn't excuse their lack of any meaningful response to the rockets, but I can see where Captain Lord might have convinced himself he hadn't been looking at the Titanic. He always seemed to invoke Boxhall's erroneous CQD position as the "actual" wreck site, and to have based his 18-1/2 mile distance on that, rather on the events earlier that morning. Convenient rationalization.
This isn't a typical Titanic book. This is the closest to an encyclopedia that we've seen yet -- but it is apparently not sourced. Sure hope this is fixed in the second edition.
It still doesn't excuse their lack of any meaningful response to the rockets, but I can see where Captain Lord might have convinced himself he hadn't been looking at the Titanic. He always seemed to invoke Boxhall's erroneous CQD position as the "actual" wreck site, and to have based his 18-1/2 mile distance on that, rather on the events earlier that morning.
I will defend Captain Lord. I am not at all convinced his response or lack of same was callous to what was ultimately observed by himself or his officers. Lord was seeing his own mystery ship, and not the same mystery ship that the Titanic saw. Yes, TWO mystery ships. Any rocket bursts came from over the horizon and without sound I might add. But those are yet other arguments to be made elsewhere, not in this thread about Morse lamps.
Nevertheless, your quoted comment above needs to be addressed:
Let us assume Captain Lord did interpret the rockets as being distress signals, with or without additional wireless contact. Just how do you expect the Californian to have effected a rescue?
1) The Californian was keeping some steam up, but it probably would have taken another hour for it to raise enough steam to begin navigating towards the Titanic. Let us assume Captain Lord began his response at 1 am, noting also that the two ships clocks were at least 12 minutes apart, with neither being set to true GMT/UT.
2) The Californian and the Titanic were on the same side of a large ice field that blocked the Californian and numerous other ships from forward progress. At about 2 am, the Californian could begin steaming at about quarter speed, 3 knots in her case. Later, that could be increased to half-speed or 6 knots. Her top cruising speed was about 12 knots.
3) The straight line distance to be covered was at least 17 nautical miles if not as much as 22 nautical miles.
You would have Captain Lord charge in darkness into a field of ice and icebergs and risk the sinking of his own ship. The icebergs could not be seen until one was almost on top of them. The Titanic proved that. And the 2007 sinking of the MS Explorer proved that you don't need an iceberg to sink a ship in arctic waters.
You can play with the math as you will, but I figure the Californian would not have arrived on the scene until about 5 am, well after the Carpathia arrived, and certainly not before 4 am.
The Californian would have been of little help.
Much has been written about the Carpathia forging ahead in ice filled waters, but it was coming from a different direction and did not have to traverse the same thick ice field that stopped the Californian. It also spied its first iceberg in the vicinity of the Titanic sinking after daybreak.
Lord actually learned of the sinking at 6 am. With steam already up in preparation for movement, Lord immediately departed for the Titanic's reported position. Having found in daylight a somewhat less hazardous course through the ice, he arrived at the reported position at 7:30 am, only to find nothing there (except the Mount Temple). The Californian, to Lord's credit, steamed at 13 knots -- and possibly 13.5 knots at its maximum -- most of the way the latter half.
The Titanic sank further east, and what lay between Californian and the true disaster site was a vast ice barrier. Lord sailed SE around, then NE through a thinning field to Carpathia's position, arriving there at 8:30 am. And so it took Lord 2.5 hours to get from where he was to where he was needed under daylight conditions, regardless if it was 5 miles, 10 miles or 50 miles that separated the two steamers that night.
In short, whatever Lord attempted to do that night, he would not have succeeded, and he may well have added to the tragedy with the sinking of his own ship.
Now, about those distress rockets.
Both the Etonian and Ultonia reported fishing vessels in the area. Sealing vessels were also reported. It was the custom of sealing vessels to recall its hunting boats and parties by firing rockets or by the use of whistles. Any sealers in Titanic's area may well have thought the ship to be yet another sealer firing rockets to recall its seamen, or the sound of steam escaping the ship to be that of whistling.
Note also what stopped the Californian was minimally an ice floe. An ice floe is something thick enough that will support the weight of a man or a hunting party of sealers. An ice field is even larger and thicker.
Whatever the Titanic was firing or the manner by which they were fired, and observed, they simply did not rise to the point where a distress situation was discerned at the time by any of the professional mariners aboard the Californian or any other legitimate vessel.
Had Lord been better apprised of the total number and frequency of rockets, he might have reached a different conclusion earlier that night, but as I have already shown, it is doubtful it would have made any practical difference at all.
Back to Morse lamps.
John Flood
"Lord was seeing his own mystery ship, and not the same mystery ship that the Titanic saw. Yes, TWO mystery ships."
I'm not a great believer in the two mystery ship theory. What became of either of these ships? Did the rocket firing ship near the Californian sink also, or was it as you say, a whaling ship firing rockets? It also means that there is now three ships in the vicinity, all ignoring the Titanic's distress signals. It seems a bit improbable to me.
I think that the Californian saw the Titanic's distress signals, and possible the Titanic itself, head on, making it look like a smaller ship.
If there is to be a mystery ship, it is the one that Boxhall saw, and what Captain Smith saw (I seem to recall he suggested that the lifeboats row to this ship and return). It seems a bit to close to be the Californian, in my humble opinion. Grenade thrown...I'll duck for cover now!! ;-)
Samuel Halpern
www.titanicology.com
John, you are quite right in your assessment of what was seen from the bridge of the Californian. Gibson's written account to Capt. Lord clearly shows that Titanic's upper decks had to be above the visual horizon for that detonator flash to be seen.
Regarding what was seen from Titanic, 4/O Boxhall, who looked at the ship through glasses, was quite specific that the ship was not a simple fishing or whaling vessel but a 4 masted steamer with two masthead lights. For something that appeared by the brightness of its lights to be only 5 miles away, lifeboat 8 was not able to make any headway having rowed toward that steamer until daybreak. She was a good 3 to 4 miles from where the Carpathia stopped when she turned around. [See Crawford's testimony]. Boat 8 was also one of the last of the boats to be picked up.
I believe it has now been fairly well established that the Titanic and Californian were actually at least 17 nautical miles and possibly as much as 23 nautical miles apart that night.
Both Captains estimated the distance to their respective mystery ships to be about five miles. I maintain that both were highly experienced mariners and could be relied upon to judge the distance to a nearby vessel. Captain Smith even ordered a lifeboat to row to the nearby ship. Could both Captains' margin of error be more than 300 percent at the same time? I very much doubt it. They saw what they saw, and I accept it as fact, subject to normal variance for an estimate of that type under those conditions.
One or more Titanic passengers in lifeboats reported the nearby mystery ship just steamed away. The reference for that I recall being in Walter Lord's ANTR, but I haven't yet found the page were it was written. The Californian was stationary all through the night, so in my judgment, it could not have been Titanic's mystery ship given all the motion reported.
Can't accept a four ship theory? It gets even more interesting with the inclusion of fishing and sealer vessels in the immediate area, none of which would have been Titanic's size and probably even smaller than the Californian.
As explained previously, none of the legitimate ships who were in a position to witness Titanic's rockets as distress signals took them to be that. (I leave open the possibility that Titanic's mystery ship was a rogue steamer.)
Other open questions: Once it was responding to Titanic's last reported position, what other vessels (excluding Mount Temple) did Captain Lord observe in the immediate vicinity w/wo glasses?
How could Titanic's last reported position be so wrong? Or could it have drifted to the position Ballard later marked in 1985? And was that position correct, given the finding in 2005 of two intact hull sections a mile or more from Ballard's determined position?
You needn't duck for cover. I am willing to discuss and debate all salient points with anyone who has an open mind about these matters. I know I don't have all the answers, but I seek the most plausible explanations for what might have and did occur that night.
Regarding what was seen from Titanic, 4/O Boxhall, who looked at the ship through glasses, was quite specific that the ship was not a simple fishing or whaling vessel but a 4 masted steamer with two masthead lights.
That wasn't quite the case. Here are Boxhall's own words:
15400: Did you watch the lights of this steamer while you were sending the rockets up? Yes.
15401: Did they seem to be stationary? I was paying most of my attention to this steamer then, and she was approaching us; and then I saw her side lights. I saw her green light and the red. She was end on to us. Later I saw her red light. This is all with the aid of a pair of glasses up to now. Afterwards I saw the ship's red light with my naked eye, and the two masthead lights. The only description of the ship that I could give is that she was, or I judged her to be [emphasis mine], a four-masted steamer.
Note also that in my mind his description rules out the Californian. The Californian was stopped, and while it was drifting, its motions would hardly match Boxhall's descriptions of the mystery ship, even if the Titanic herself was drifting, given the short amount of time involved. And given this distance involved, it is very doubtful anyone on board the Titanic was actually seeing the Californian. No, if anything, the comments here in my judgment reinforce the case for Titanic's own mystery ship.
Michael H. Standart
Easley South Carolina
>>Note also that in my mind his description rules out the Californian.<<
No it doesn't. The list of four masted merchent vessels absolutely known to be in the area and within visual range of the Titanic can be counted on one hand with four fingers to spare. The Californian was a four masted steamer and was known to be within visual range. Even the most determined of Captain Lord's champions don't bother denying it. They attempt to explain it away, but they don't deny it.
And far from refuting what Samuel said, the testimony you cited backs it up. Granted, Boxhall didn't use the term fishing or whaling vessel, but he wasn't addressing what his mystery ship was not. He was addressing what it was.
While you're at it, note the this tidbit which is in his testimony from the start:
15392. And then you saw this light which you say looked like a masthead light?
- Yes, it was two masthead lights of a steamer.
Looks pretty specific to me. For anybody interested, Boxhall's full testimony and in context begins at http://www.titanicinquiry.org/BOTInq/BOTInq13Boxhall01.php
>>The Californian was stopped, and while it was drifting, its motions would hardly match Boxhall's descriptions of the mystery ship,<<
She was doing more then that. In addition to drifting, she was weathervaning around in the current. That would certainly produce the illusion of the vessel making way.
The list of four masted merchent vessels absolutely known to be in the area and within visual range of the Titanic can be counted on one hand with four fingers to spare.
What proof can you offer for the rather bold and unsupported statement above?
The Californian was a four masted steamer and was known to be within visual range.
Known by whom? The Californian was twenty miles away, too far to be seen. Boxhall claimed to have seen a red light without glasses. He would not have been able to see that light unaided from twenty miles distant. Captain Smith estimated the vessel to be about five miles away. How do you account for that disparity?
What proof can you offer that absolutely puts the Californian within visual range of the Titanic? And what is that distance between the two for which you can provide incontrovertible proof?
Boxhall did not know what he was seeing. He assumed it was a four masted steamer. It could have very well been something else. Remember also, he was a junior officer, and whatever his abilities then or later, he never made captain in his career.
I don't believe there is any other testimony or evidence that describes what the mystery vessel might have been or definitely was. If there is such testimony or evidence, kindly cite it.
In addition to drifting, [the Californian] was weathervaning around in the current. That would certainly produce the illusion of the vessel making way.
Yes, it would, if it was within visual range, which the Californian was not. Also, the Californian did not make a 360 degree turn or even a 180 degree turn in the time allotted for the illusion you cite.
Moreover, both the Californian and the Titanic were actively signaling via Morse lamp their respective mystery ships. If the Titanic and the Californian were within visual range of each other and were each other's mystery ship, their respective Morse lamps would have been seen and communication established. That did not happen for the abundantly obvious reason they were both too far apart and out of each other's visual range.
STRANGERS ON THE HORIZON: Titanic and Californian – A Forensic Approach
Started by Samuel Halpern
Titanic Book Titles
3D Printed Titanic, Carpathia, Californian and other ships 1:1000 Scale models
Started by Harland Duzen
Titanic Models and Modelmaking
Ice field blocking Californian from Titanic?
Started by Ajmal Dar
Titanic and Californian Myths: what actually happened.
Accusations against Captain Lord and Subsequent Di
Why didn't Titanic see Californian's Morse Lamps
Started by Michael F. Koch

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


All nominees should be familiar with the Constitution, which is available from cwaofvic.org.au/about/constitution or upon request from Head Office. All nominees must obtain the document Election of Board Members and State Council Members: Policy and Procedures (which includes the nomination form) and a Role Description by telephoning Member Services Team Leader Robyn Smith on 9827 8971 or emailing cwaadmin@cwaofvic.org.au, or download them below.
Please Note: Please refer to section 2.2 of policy document "Election of Board Members and State Council Members" for eligibility to stand for election criteria.
Further requirements are listed in the Election of Board Members and State Council Members: Policy and Procedures and in the Role Description.
Please download the Election of Board and State Council Members Policy and Procedures information below.


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text:
Coal's Decline Not Hurting Power Grid Reliability, Study Says
Energy Secretary Rick Perry's electricity grid review is due out soon. Corporations and the wind industry just did their own study that counters his concerns.
By Nicholas Kusnetz
Most metrics of power grid reliability have either been improving or stayed the same while renewable energy levels in the U.S. grid have grown. Credit: Thomas Lohnes/AFP/Getty
Is 100% Renewable Energy Feasible? New Paper Argues for a Different Target
As Solar and Wind Prices Fall, Coal's Future is Fading Fast, BNEF Says
U.S. Power Plant Emissions Fall to Near 1990 Levels, Decoupling from GDP Growth
As Solar Pushes Electricity Prices Negative, 3 Solutions for California's Power Grid
Renewable Energy Groups Push Back Against Rick Perry's Controversial Grid Study
A new study is challenging Energy Secretary Rick Perry's concerns about increasing levels of renewable energy in the U.S. electric grid, arguing that the decline of coal in the nation's power mix is driven largely by market forces and is not hurting the reliability of the grid.
Perry in April ordered a 60-day grid review looking in particular at whether government support for renewable energy is speeding the retirement of coal and nuclear plants and resulting in a more fragile electricity supply. He suggested in his memo that renewable energy and regulatory burdens on coal were to blame for an "erosion of critical baseload resources."
The new study says that that fear is baseless, and it argues the opposite.
It cites, among other evidence, the latest annual analysis of grid reliability conducted by the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC), which found that most metrics of grid reliability are either improving or staying the same. For example, 2015 saw a drop in the number of incidents causing a temporary loss of supply. Frequency and voltage has remained stable as the amount of power from renewable energy sources has grown, it said, and the industry has been getting better at modeling changes to the grid to assess risks.
"The retirement of aging or uneconomic resources has not led, in any region, to an observed reduction in BPS (bulk power system) reliability from either resource adequacy or system security perspectives," the study says.
The report was released Tuesday by the American Wind Energy Association and the Advanced Energy Economy, which represents a broad range of corporations, including some renewable energy companies and utilities. The groups had earlier written to Perry, criticizing the department for not opening the rushed grid review to public comment—including from the renewable energy industry.
"Recently, some have raised concerns that current electric market conditions may be undermining the financial viability of certain conventional power plant technologies … and thus jeopardizing electric system reliability. In addition, some have suggested that federal and state policies supporting renewable energy are the primary cause of the decline in financial viability. The evidence does not support either hypothesis," says the report, which was written by energy consultants, including a former Department of Energy official and state utility commissioner.
Perry selected Travis Fisher, a political appointee who previously worked for the Institute for Energy Research, an organization that favors fossil fuels, to lead his review. In a budget hearing earlier this week, Perry said the review would be completed by the end of the month. But on Wednesday, DOE spokeswoman Shaylyn Hynes told E&E News that that date had been moved back to July.
In recent years, power companies have retired more capacity from coal than from any other fuel source, while adding primarily natural gas and some renewables.
Citing data from wholesale energy markets, the report says that shift has been driven primarily by the low price of gas and advancements in the efficiency of new gas generating units. While it says government policies supporting energy efficiency and renewables have played a role, too, their influence is "a distant second to market fundamentals."
A spokesman for Edison Electric Institute, which represents utilities, said they not had yet reviewed the study and couldn't comment.
In his memo calling for the review, Perry wrote that grid experts had expressed concerns about "the diminishing diversity of our nation's electric generation mix and what that could mean for baseload power and grid resilience." He also voiced strong support for baseload power plants "that run 24-7" during budget hearings this week on Capitol Hill, where Perry made clear to members of Congress that the Trump administration's vision is to keep coal plants running and to build oil pipelines.
In a not-so-veiled swipe at the coal industry, the new report says that over the past few decades, as market and policy changes such as deregulation have reshuffled the nation's energy mix, established entities have charged that the changes would hurt reliability. Those concerns never came to pass, the report says, because of the nation's robust system of safeguards.
The review will surely face strong opposition if it tries to push the scales in favor of coal. On Wednesday, Perry's predecessor as energy secretary, Ernest Moniz, announced the formation a new organization, staffed with former Energy Department officials and MIT experts, to promote innovation in low-carbon energy technology and energy policies for a cleaner energy future.
Nicholas Kusnetz
Nicholas Kusnetz is a reporter for Inside Climate News. Before joining ICN, he worked at the Center for Public Integrity and ProPublica. His work has won numerous awards, including from the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the Society of American Business Editors and Writers, and has appeared in more than a dozen publications, including The Washington Post, Businessweek, The Nation, Fast Company and The New York Times. You can reach Nicholas at nicholas.kusnetz@insideclimatenews.org and securely at nicholas.kusnetz@protonmail.com.
By Leslie Kaufman
U.S. Power Sector Emissions Fall to Near 1990 Levels, Decoupling from Economic Growth
By Georgina Gustin
As Solar Pushes Electricity Prices Negative, 3 Solutions for California's Grid
Renewable Energy Groups Push Back Against Rick Perry's Controversial Grid Study


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Wanting to start a blog, looking for some advice!
So, starting a blog is something I've been wanting to do for a while, but I don't know whether it would be better to start with a free option to see how it goes, or whether it would be better to just bite the bullet and get my own domain from the start?
I'm totally clueless on the whole design thing, so I will probably need something that can do some hand holding so somewhere with good customer service. Any recommendations??
You're in the right place right here! My blog is only a few months old but before this one I've had a few which I discontinued. All of them with the help of this forum and support from the hosting company.
I can't comment on the free ones but as far as I know, free sites like blogger can close your blog whenever they like and you don't own the content.
Don't use a free blog site. The money shed has a fab offer with Hostpresto. 25 for the year. Or if you prefer to pay monthly it's four quid a month.
You can buy your domain from them too.
With regards to design, once you have your hosting account you can install wordpress via softalicous (this will be on your dashboard) but if you're struggling with how to install it, no question is too much troublefor the team at Hostpresto.
I would honestly not go down the "free route" just because it doesn't give you a true example of all the flexibility and monetisation options there are out there.
The design thing you will learn as you go, it's common not to know anything if you've never done it before.
Thanks for the quick replies. Ok so I don't want to end up with it disappearing, so I'll look at doing it myself.
I'm just having a look at Totally Blogging at the minute, thanks Jon, I have a lot to learn I think. Entering into the scary world of SEO's and other things I know nothing about!!
My first year of my blog I think cost me £11 or something. Did me fine and let me dip my toe.
I'd suggest not doing the 'free' option either to be honest, it's just a bit restrictive, and honestly, a year with low traffic doesn't usually cost a lot!
I just don't get what value there is about people going the 'free' route.
No matter which platform you choose there IS going to be a slight learning curve beyond just 'writing stories'!
Ok you've all convinced me. I shall forget about the free route! Just need to come up with a name now I guess and then just go for it.
Are there any good beginners wordpress themes out there, or do I just flick through and pick one that I think would be easy to work with? Sorry for the questions!
Sorry had a debate recently about a similar topic (what we own online). Unless you have control of everything like your own server then anything could happen!
See I just can't see that happening. At least not with enough notice for you to take a backup of the site!
I think it's unlikely to happen if you're sensible - especially around copyright (it's certainly a lot less likely than with Blogger or WordPress.com - they have very little to lose by closing your account in order to protect their reputation and Blogger is especially well known as an organisation which deletes blogs with little or no reason).
But I think it's important to remember it can happen with any webhost and is built into all web hosts terms and conditions. This really allows them to remove pages / content / close your account if a copyright holder contacts them about your content - (this is usually the next step if they can't get hold of the person running a web site or their reply isn't satisfactory).
I've heard some people just report to Google which can only go so far - they don't have the power to remove content from your website if it's not hosted with them but your web host does.
How do you monetise a blog, im assuming its affiliate marketing and ads? does anyone here make a full living off blogging here? just curious.
what would you say was your biggest income out of the 2?
I've got a joint blog with the husband (he's meant to be bring the geeky, gaming, dad element to the show) but it's still really me doing the writing. It's nice to have a second pair of eyes on my posts though as I hate proof reading!


text:
package org.apache.flink.runtime.checkpoint;

import org.apache.flink.api.common.JobID;

/**
 * A factory for per Job checkpoint recovery components.
 */
public interface CheckpointRecoveryFactory {

	/**
	 * The number of {@link CompletedCheckpoint} instances to retain.
	 */
	int NUMBER_OF_SUCCESSFUL_CHECKPOINTS_TO_RETAIN = 1;

	/**
	 * Starts the {@link CheckpointRecoveryFactory} service.
	 */
	void start();

	/**
	 * Stops the {@link CheckpointRecoveryFactory} service.
	 */
	void stop();

	/**
	 * Creates a {@link CompletedCheckpointStore} instance for a job.
	 *
	 * @param jobId           Job ID to recover checkpoints for
	 * @param maxNumberOfCheckpointsToRetain Maximum number of checkpoints to retain
	 * @param userClassLoader User code class loader of the job
	 * @return {@link CompletedCheckpointStore} instance for the job
	 */
	CompletedCheckpointStore createCheckpointStore(JobID jobId, int maxNumberOfCheckpointsToRetain, ClassLoader userClassLoader)
			throws Exception;

	/**
	 * Creates a {@link CheckpointIDCounter} instance for a job.
	 *
	 * @param jobId Job ID to recover checkpoints for
	 * @return {@link CheckpointIDCounter} instance for the job
	 */
	CheckpointIDCounter createCheckpointIDCounter(JobID jobId) throws Exception;

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Zak Peric, an instructor at Tower Hamlets College in London, put together an outstanding doodle project with his students. Over the course of three days, 11 students doodled on the wall of their college.
Using only black ink, students drew shapes, characters, objects, and lines all around the encouraging and positive words: "The difference between who you are and who you want to be is what you do!"
Kudos to Zak for making this happen! Long live teachers and instructors that encourage the arts beyond just the walls of their classroom. Watch it all come to life in the time-lapse video below.
This was a great project for my Access students to do. They all enjoyed the process of making this amazing 8.5 x2.5 m doodle. We are in the process of recruiting students for new academic year. Anybody living in London who wants to study (Commercial Graphics and Digital Illustration) please contact (Zak Peric) via Tower Hamlets College.
By the way we have tow more commissions for Doodles, we are going to make a colour one in the next few weeks. I will be posting a time laps video of it when it is done.
I very much believe that this kind of teaching and learning should be implemented in all subjects, hands on approaches help the brain form new neuron connections and help growing minds be better able to apply what they are being taught, the current issue with the Educational system is that it is based off of a short term memorization method for tests and exams requiring a regurgitation of knowledge rather than full on application and understanding of the knowledge.
Awesome work! Wish i was part of this class!!


text:
Politics It may be time for Trudeau to buy in on Trans Mountain
It may be time for Trudeau to buy in on Trans Mountain
Campbell Clark
Published April 13, 2018 Updated April 13, 2018
You can expect to be buying into a pipeline soon. If you're a Canadian taxpayer, that is, and especially if you're Albertan. Your governments might never actually own the thing outright, but in all likelihood they'll be pumping money into it and taking on a hefty chunk of the risk.
When pipeline company Kinder Morgan threatened to abandon the expansion of the Trans Mountain pipeline last weekend, it set off a frenzy of fanciful thinking from those who want to save it.
There were calls to slash transfer payments to British Columbia, for Ottawa to declare constitutional emergency powers, for a referendum, or Supreme Court reference, and hollow demands for "leadership."
But there are two plausible paths to meet Kinder Morgan's conditions: Either Justin Trudeau gets B.C. Premier John Horgan to make a shocking flip-flop and renounce opposition to the pipeline at a meeting Sunday – or the path forward for Trans Mountain will be paved with public money.
It's a mess. Alberta briefly banned B.C. wine and threatens to cut off its oil. Right now, Mr. Trudeau looks like he is mired in it. He promised a national bargain: A pipeline to carry Alberta oil to tidewater and also a carbon price to reduce emissions. Without Trans Mountain, it will fall apart.
But it could end another way: with Alberta Premier Rachel Notley buying into the pipeline with federal backing, taking on the risk Kinder Morgan doesn't want to bear, and construction starting in earnest this summer. Mr. Trudeau would crow that his government is getting a pipeline built when Stephen Harper couldn't.
There will still be angry protests from local residents and some First Nations. That doesn't mean the Liberals are gambling their 18 B.C. seats – some feel two or three might be threatened. Buying in would bolster Mr. Trudeau's arguments for a carbon tax, and soothe business fears about Canada's investment climate. Alberta United Conservative Leader Jason Kenney endorses the idea, so federal Tories would find it hard to object. It would turn Mr. Trudeau's political problem on its head.
This is now a back-to-the-wall question for Mr. Trudeau. Let's remember Kinder Morgan's condition: They want to be certain, by May 31, that B.C. won't block completion of the project.
Kinder Morgan's chief executive, Steve Kean, said the company doesn't want to start pouring in $200-million to $300-million a month on construction if it can't finish it. Kinder Morgan can deal with regular risks but not a provincial government that is "openly in opposition," Mr. Kean said.
But countering B.C.'s opposition is like shadow-boxing. Interprovincial pipelines are explicitly federal jurisdiction under the Constitution, and Mr. Horgan hasn't taken concrete steps to try to block it yet – he's said he'll ask a court to determine what powers the province has. Mr. Kean said Kinder Morgan doesn't want to take a risk.
There's little doubt that Ottawa has sweeping legal jurisdiction: the Supreme Court previously ruled that Ottawa's reach extends to all works that are integral to an interprovincial pipeline project. In January, the National Energy Board found that federal jurisdiction overrides the municipal bylaws of Burnaby, B.C. The Federal Court of Appeal declined to even hear Burnaby's appeal.
But no specific legal challenge is settled until a court rules. B.C. hasn't even filed a case yet. Even if Ottawa's jurisdiction is ironclad, no court will rule before May 31.
That rules out other magical thinking, too. NDP Leader Jagmeet Singh suggested referring the issue to the Supreme Court, but the court would not issue its opinion by next month. One pundit even suggested a referendum, presumably in weeks.
Some, such as independent Senator Doug Black, argued that the federal government should use the Constitution's declaratory power to place any work related to the pipeline under federal jurisdiction. But there's doubt that provision would even apply − and at any rate it too could face a legal challenge that would not be settled next month. There's is no legal route to certainty in seven weeks.
The Conservatives insist Mr. Trudeau must take "concrete steps" now – but won't say which ones. The party's natural resources critic, Shannon Stubbs, said in an interview that the Conservatives have called for Mr. Trudeau to issue a plan to get the pipeline built. What would it entail? A plan, she said. What would be in it? That, Ms. Stubbs said, is what Mr. Trudeau should outline in a plan.
There were tenuous proposals to squeeze Mr. Horgan, too. Ms. Notley threatens to cut off oil to B.C., which would also hurt Alberta's oil industry. Mr. Kenney suggested Ottawa slash transfer payments to B.C. – but there are laws that prevent Ottawa from arbitrary reductions in the three major transfer payments B.C. receives.
Mr. Trudeau will press Mr. Horgan in other ways. But there might be nothing that can make him cry uncle. His New Democrats have a minority in the legislature, and depend on three Green Party MLAs to survive. The B.C. Premier doesn't need to succeed in blocking Trans Mountain, but he needs to be seen fighting it.
That would leave money. Ms. Notley, whose slim re-election chances will be none without the Trans Mountain expansion, said she's willing to take on the financial risk that Kinder Morgan won't bear, or even buy the pipeline – becoming a patient investor that will be undeterred by B.C. challenges. She met Finance Minister Bill Morneau on Wednesday to discuss a possible deal.
It's doable. Kinder Morgan's entire Canadian subsidiary has a market value of about $6-billion. That subsidiary is supposed to finance the pipeline expansion with borrowing. The governments would probably not actually buy the company − instead they would probably do some kind of risk-sharing transaction involving less money. But Alberta and Ottawa would still be buying a risk.
If Mr. Trudeau can't arm-twist Mr. Horgan, he'll have to take that risk. There's no magical solution, but he can escape his pipeline conundrum − by buying in.
Morneau pledges to meet Kinder Morgan's deadline for Trans Mountain
Kinder Morgan controversy signals a bigger problem for Canada's economy
Kinder Morgan plans for life after Trans Mountain Subscriber content
Follow Campbell Clark on Twitter @camrclark
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text:
Q: How to rebase branch from develop to another new branch create from develop?
I want to create experimental branch from develop and rebase feature branch that has 2 commits to it but something I make mistake and the result is like in this question : How to remove first commit of a specific branch?
Now I can fix by the solution of Mr.Gaël J. and want to redo again.
Is below command will achieve what I want? Thank you in advance.
===== Create experimental branch =====
git checkout develop
git pull origin develop
git checkout -b experimental
**Add Note.txt and put some text
git add -A
git commit -m "Experimental branch commit for experimental development"
git push origin experimental

===== Rebase feature branch to experimental branch =====
git checkout feature
git rebase --onto experimental develop feature
git push -f origin feature

A: TL;DR: yes, your command sequence is correct.
You can shorten it slightly using git rebase experimental.
Long
Use git checkout or git switch to select the commit at the tip of develop:
git switch develop

You now have that commit as the current commit, with that branch name as the current branch name; I like to draw this as:
...--G--H   <-- develop (HEAD)
         \
          I--J   <-- feature

where the uppercase letters stand in for commit hash IDs.
Now you can create a new branch name experimental, and make it the current branch:
git switch -c experimental    # or git checkout -b experimental

producing:
...--G--H   <-- develop, experimental (HEAD)
         \
          I--J   <-- feature

A new commit you make now advances the name experimental:
          K   <-- experimental (HEAD)
         /
...--G--H   <-- develop
         \
          I--J   <-- feature

It's now necessary to copy commits I and J to new, slightly-different commits that use commit K as the parent of the copy of I, and use the copy of I as the parent of J.  The git rebase command does this kind of copying.
If you give git rebase a branch argument, it runs an initial git switch (or git checkout) on that argument.  I find this unwise (there's a bug recently discovered on the Git mailing list, in this area) and prefer to do my own separate git switch, but you can run:
git rebase --onto experimental develop feature

to eliminate the separate git checkout feature step.  I wouldn't, as I said; I would run git switch feature first.
The set of commits that git rebase will copy starts with a list of commits as generated by git log or git rev-list:
git rebase [--onto <target>] <upstream>

uses the current branch as the source of these commits, and upstream..HEAD as the initial list of commits that might potentially be copied.1
Since your upstream argument is either develop or experimental, the list will be generated by:
git log develop..HEAD

or:
git log experimental..HEAD

If you try both commands at this point in the process, you will see that they produce the same output.  The reason is that the left side of the two-dot operator, A..B, tells Git what commits not to use.  The right side tells Git what commits to use, minus any overridden by the left side.  Each of these operations works by finding the last commit, as named by the hash ID or branch name or HEAD name, and working backwards.
The last commit on feature is J, and the next-to-last is I, and the one behind that is H, and so on.  The exclusion list either starts at K, then works back to H, and continues backwards from there, or it starts at H and works backwards from there.  Commit K isn't in the inclusion list, so if it is in the exclusion list, this is "free": nothing happens one way or another.
This means you can use either experimental or develop as the upstream argument to git rebase.  Both have the same effect.
If you use the --onto argument to git rebase, the commit hash ID or name you supply after the literal word --onto sets the target for the rebase operation.  If you omit it, the upstream sets the target.2  The target that you want in this case is experimental.
Since experimental works as an upstream argument, the command:
git rebase experimental

suffices, and you don't need a separate --onto.
The git rebase process will now run, copying each commit one at a time, in the correct order, using Git's internal detached HEAD mode:
            I'  <-- HEAD
           /
          K   <-- experimental
         /
...--G--H   <-- develop
         \
          I--J   <-- feature

after copying I to I', and then:
            I'-J'  <-- HEAD
           /
          K   <-- experimental
         /
...--G--H   <-- develop
         \
          I--J   <-- feature

after copying J to J'.  Merge conflicts can occur during the copying of each commit, but if they don't, Git will handle this all on its own.  Finally, once both commits are copied, Git will yank the branch name feature over to point to the last-copied commit, and re-attach the special name HEAD:
            I'-J'  <-- feature (HEAD)
           /
          K   <-- experimental
         /
...--G--H   <-- develop
         \
          I--J   ???

and the rebase is complete.

1Specific commits may sometimes be subtracted away from this list, during or after generating the list.  In your case, none will be subtracted away, so we get to ignore this, and just use the list that you'll see if you run git log.
2There's another trick involving --fork-point if you omit both names, but let's not get into that as it gets complicated.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Bill Bruton Biography
William F. Bruton Jr. (Bill) was named Marietta's city manager in January 2000. He previously served as city manager of Hartsville, S.C., and Colonial Beach, Va. Bruton graduated from the University of North Carolina School of Law and holds a bachelor's degree in public administration and political science from Duke University, where he was president of the student body.
Bruton has won many professional and community awards, including the South Carolina Public Official Leadership Award in 1993 and 2000 and the Cobb YMCA Volunteer of the Year Award in 2012.
In 2010, Bruton was selected by the Carl Vinson Institute to travel to China where he taught city management principles at the Beijing Administration College to city officials from the various departments of the Beijing city government.
Under Bruton's leadership, communities have been honored with the All-America City award, the nation's most prestigious civic honor. Marietta earned the award in 2006 and was the first Georgia city in 30 years to win. Hartsville won the award in 1996.
During his tenure, cities Bruton has managed have been honored:
All-America City, National Civic League
City of Excellence, Georgia Municipal Association
Trendsetter, Georgia Municipal Association and Georgia Trend magazine
Certified City of Ethics, Georgia Municipal Association
Best Redevelopment Plan, International Downtown Association and American Planning Association
Cobb Landmarks Historic Preservation Award
Bruton served as committee chair for Marietta's 175th Anniversary Celebration and the 150th Anniversary of the Battles of Marietta.
Bruton is a member of several professional organizations, including the International City/County Management Association, and has presented at conferences across the United States.
Bruton is a member of the Marietta Kiwanis Club, the Metro YMCA Youth Soccer Board, and various civic boards. He has been a YMCA soccer coach for 10 years, currently coaching 11-19 year old girls and his teams have won two state championships. He and his wife, Lauri, have two children.
All-America City Award
Award Winning City
Citizens' Government Academy
Citizen's Request
Marietta's Vision


text:
Duodenal Atresia — Symptoms and Treatment
Duodenal atresia is one of the most common inborn defects of the digestive system, namely of the intestine, that is often associated with other congenital malformations and genetic pathologies (21 trisomy). The frequency of occurrence of this disorder is affected by the hypoxia of the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy and is caused by severe chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, stress, diabetes, drug and alcohol abuse during pregnancy. Nowadays, duodenal atresia is one of the most common congenital defects in the neonates. Moreover, it is well-diagnosed and curable in most of the cases, if timely detected and not neglected.
Definition and Background
Etiology & Pathophysiology of Duodenal Atresia
Epidemiology of Duodenal Atresia
Presentation of Patients with Duodenal Atresia
Differential Diagnosis of Duodenal Atresia
Diagnosis of Duodenal Atresia
Management of Duodenal Atresia
Are you more of a visual learner? Check out our online video lectures and start your pathology course now for free!
Image : "Cleaning the baby" by Salim Fadhley. License: CC BY-SA 2.0
An atresia is a complete obstruction of the lumen of a hollow viscus.
Duodenal atresia is a congenital defect of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by the complete absence of the lumen of the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine). This makes the absorption and passage of food through the digestive canal impossible, causing duodenal obstruction.
In duodenal stenosis, there is partial narrowing (stenosis) of the deudenal lumen. It is associated with variable and delayed manifestations, followed by concealed symptoms at the beginning, and may last up to adulthood.
The exact etiology of duodenal atresia is not known as the most cases are sporadic. However, it is suggested that during the early weeks of gestation (6th and 7th week), the endodermal epithelium proliferates, and the portions of the gastrointestinal tract lumen become occluded. The recanalization normally occurs during 8 – 10 weeks of gestation, and the lumen patency is restored. The failure to recanalize due to any reason results in atresia. One of the suggested reasons for the recanalization failure is hypoxia of the fetus during the early stages of embryogenesis (ischemic episode).
Duodenal atresia is a relatively common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract occurring in 1 in 2,500-40,000 live births. The one-third of these cases are associated with Down syndrome (trisomy 21). There is no racial or gender propensity, with equal incidence in both males and females.
There is a pattern for intrinsic inborn duodenal obstructions:
Duodenal atresia, 40-60%;
Duodenal web, 35-45%;
Annular pancreas, 10-30%;
Duodenal stenosis, 7-20%.
Image: "Duodenal atresia in a neonate," by Kinderradiologie Olgahospital Klinikum Stuttgart – Own work. License: CC BY-SA 3.0
In 85% of the cases of complete duodenal atresia, bilious vomiting occurs during the first hours of life. The color of the vomitus is yellowish-green, sometimes with brown granular matter. In the rest of the cases (15%), the vomiting may be non-bilious as the atresia occurs proximal to the ampulla of Vater.
On physical examination, the abdomen is sunken (scaphoid abdomen). There may be epigastric fullness due to distension of the stomach and proximal duodenum. Although the bowel movements are absent due to high intestinal blockage, the meconium passage is not affected during the first 24 hours after birth. The affected newborn may be small for his/her gestational age.
The congenital intestinal defects that are associated with bilious vomiting and the time of manifestation are:
Duodenal atresia, a few hours after birth, no distention;
Malrotation with volvulus, at 3 to 7 days, rapid deterioration with volvulus;
Jejunoileal atresia, during the first hours of birth, abdominal distention.
Partial duodenal atresia (stenosis) symptoms depend on the severity of the defect. The illness may not show any symptoms for months or even years and usually manifests with long-lasting vomiting, constipation, food aspiration and failure to thrive. The constipation is unresponsive to treatment.
The duodenal atresia or stenosis may be an isolated finding, but most commonly they are associated with other congenital defects such as:
Down syndrome (most common and present in 25-40% of the cases)
VACTERL association
Annular pancreas
Anal atresia
Ileal atresia
Jejunoileal atresia
Atresia Anal
Plain radiograph appearance Duodenal stenosis
Duodenal web
Intestinal malrotation
Midgut volvulus
Ultrasound appearance of a "double bubble type" (distal gas) Fetal choledochal cyst
Fetal omental cyst
Fetal duplicated cyst
Image: "Duodenal atresia neonate ultrasound double bubble," by Kinderradiologie Olgahospital Klinikum Stuttgart – Own work. License: CC BY-SA 3.0
Radiography is an informative method of examination in duodenal atresia. It finds the dilated stomach and the first part of the duodenum ("double bubble") and the absence of air behind the second bubble. This finding of a double bubble sign with no distal gas strongly suggests duodenal atresia.
Ultrasonography is efficient in the prenatal diagnosis of duodenal atresia, apart from the specific appearance of the abdomen; there is polyhydramnios, which is a prominent symptom of the defect. Ultrasonography is preferred in esophageal and duodenal atresia.
Barium enema examination is an additional study that makes distant duodenal atresia, as well as malpositioned cecum, evident. However, in the diagnostics of malrotation and volvulus, barium enema is not that informative.
Laboratory studies
No laboratory studies are diagnostic of duodenal atresia. However, laboratory studies help in the assessment of the infant's overall clinical condition.
Blood glucose may be low in premature babies; they tend to develop hypoglycemia as there is a limited supply of glycogen.
Serum electrolytes have to be determined as infants with duodenal atresia tend to lose fluids and electrolytes produced by the stomach, due to a large amount of gastric aspiration.
Karyotype analysis is the appropriate method of examination in the case of trisomy 21.
Immunohistochemistry of proximal and distal duodenal samples of affected infants reflects changes and transformation of neuronal cells, intestinal cell Cajai, hypertrophy of circular muscles. All of these witness about the persistent disorder of the duodenal movement after primary surgery.
Measurement of gastric aspiration. Normally, it should not exceed 5 ml. Duodenal atresia is suspected when an infant's gastric aspiration is greater than 30 ml. The fullness of the epigastrium may be detected manually and visually when the food gets stacked above the narrowed lumen.
Rectal biopsy conducted in order to exclude Hirschsprung disease, especially in patients with Down syndrome.
Hematocrit has to be checked prior to general anesthesia.
Blood type and crossmatch.
Arterial blood gas measurements are needed if the infant has aspirated or shows signs of respiratory distress.
There is no conservative treatment available for this condition.
Surgical intervention
Type of duodenal obstruction Preoperative management Surgical treatment Postoperative period Prognosis
Duodenal atresia IV fluids and nasogastric suction 24-48 hours Diamond-shaped duodenostomy No feeding per os for 2-4 days after operation; nasogastric suction. Benign, if there are no serious associated congenital defects
Jejunoileal atresia IV fluids, STAT surgery for the patients with obvious symptoms; nasogastric suction Ladd's procedure: sometimes a second laparotomy is required No feeding per os; nasogastric suction Benign, if there is no large bowel resection
Jejunoileal atresia IV fluids and nasogastric suction for 24-48 hours Resection and anastomosis No feeding per os for 2-4 days after operation; nasogastric suction. Benign, if there is no large loss of the bowel
In spite of the benign prognosis after the surgery, 22% of babies may develop distant complications:
Blind loop syndrome;
Megaduodenum with altered duodenal motility;
Gastritis with duodenal-gastric reflux
Esophagitis and gastroesophageal reflux
Pediatric Duodenal Atresia and Stenosis Surgery via medscape.com
Duodenal Atresia or Stenosis via rarediseases.org
Fetal Duodenum via fetalultrasound.com
Duodenal atresia via radiopaedia.org
Bilious Vomiting in the Newborn: Rapid Diagnosis of Intestinal Obstruction via aafp.org


text:
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WTF – Bible Based Marriage Explained For All – Hilarious Video!
Every time I watch this, I can't help but laugh.
WTF – Obama To Speak At HRC's Annual Dinner!
This is great, however lets remember Bill Clinton ALSO attended that shindig and we all know what he did to the gay community.
To the thousands of people planning on marching in Washington, WTFBLOG thinks you are AWESOME!
The following day, thousands will march in D.C. demanding that Obama fulfill his campaign promises.
I certainly hope Obama has some big news or additional plans for the following day because choosing the black tie dinner over the grassroots march certainly won't garner him much respect unless he does.


text:
Iron and steel maker optimizes maintenance, repair and overhaul operations with Teamcenter
Shanghai Baosteel Industry Technological Services Co., Ltd. (Baosteel), part of Baosteel Group Co., Ltd., adopted product lifecycle management (PLM) technology from Siemens PLM Software for its maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) needs.
New product strategy, new challenges
Teamcenter® software is now used to help the company optimize MRO on its continuous casting production line and crucial spare parts. The results have been excellent, enabling significantly lower costs and improved service levels.
After over 30 years of development, Baosteel has become one of China's most competitive iron and steel enterprises, with the highest level of modernization. Baosteel offers three major series of products: carbon steel, stainless steel and special steel. Achieving Fortune Global 500 status for the ninth consecutive time, the company ranked 197th in 2012.
Continuous casting production is a key part of the production capacity, quality, logistics and costs for steel producers. The functional status and precision of the continuous casting equipment operation in the plant are key factors influencing production. Effective and timely offline overhaul and maintenance of the plant's equipment is required to maintain production levels and decrease downtime.
Baosteel introduced continuous casting production equipment in the 1980s, and has successively built eight continuous casting production lines, including slab continuous casting and square billet continuous casting. New premium products include automotive sheet metal, silicon steel and steel for energy applications. Baosteel's strategy of producing excellent products on a large scale is in response to challenging market dynamics, including competitive and cost pressures, plus increased customer requirements.
The new product strategy has meant new challenges. On the one hand, it requires that the service life of crucial spare parts be continuously improved to reduce downtime and increase equipment productivity. On the other hand, the quality of equipment repair services must be improved to guarantee the production of high-level continuous casting slabs. In addition, product pricing and repair costs must be aggressively balanced to survive and thrive considering the fierce competition in this market.
To address these challenges, and achieve full lifecycle management services for its operations, Baosteel selected Teamcenter.
Evaluation and selection based on advanced capabilities
Teamcenter was one of the two system solutions Baosteel evaluated. Teamcenter was chosen because it has advanced equipment management capabilities and models, and the system's management of turnover spare parts is highly aligned with the company's primary requirements.
Baosteel's MRO project was formally started in February 2011. The project implementation unit formulated a detailed project plan and organizational structure. In spite of challenges, including a complex business operations structure and a huge amount of basic data, the project was implemented smoothly and as-scheduled.
Baosteel's management team notes that through the use of Teamcenter, the company has improved its MRO operations significantly.
Equipment history and configuration management
Baosteel engineers manage the configuration status of the continuous casting equipment using the configuration management functions of Teamcenter. The system is used to effectively organize, within a structure, important equipment such as crystallizers and support guide segments, and fan-shaped segments such as copper boards, widening equipment, speed reducers, electromagnetic brakes, hydraulic cylinders, drive rollers, driven rollers and bearings.
Crucial spare parts are identified by serial numbers. With online, offline or other service events recorded, this enables configuration status to be updated in a timely manner. "In the past, configuration information about equipment spare parts was recorded in manual reports," says Chen Lei, director of Technical Service Center for Continuous Casting Equipment at Baosteel. "It was very hard to trace the historical status when problems arose. However, now using Teamcenter, the configuration information of equipment spare parts is clear – at a glance and anytime requested – simplifying management efforts."
Tracking spare parts
The part management functions of Teamcenter help Baosteel manage the status of spare parts. The system is used to trace the residual life of every machine and applicable spare parts. This is accomplished by defining the life characteristic values, or "furnace numbers," for all equipment and parts. The number is recorded in online and offline service events of each equipment spare part, and life characteristic values are automatically propagated to the life characteristics of the replacement spare parts in use.
"There are a huge number of turnover spare parts in continuous casting equipment," says Lei. "With a production line containing more than 1,600 continuous casting rollers, the life characteristics of each important spare part could no longer be effectively recorded using manual reports. Using Teamcenter, life characteristics are now digitally and automatically recorded on each spare part. Spare part life can be updated accurately and in a timely manner, enabling a powerful reporting basis for follow-up analyses of spare part life."
In addition, the system is used to help configure spare part status and spare part areas as required, including the management of new product, online, offline, to-be-repaired, outsourced, and complete spare parts. This helps to ensure the supply of complete spare parts, reduce the stock and inventory of spare parts, and maintain equipment status.
Closed-loop management
Using the document management and differentiated service management capabilities of Teamcenter, Baosteel is now optimizing its quality and fault treatment processes for spare parts. The technical standards of equipment overhaul are organized through the document folder under the equipment structure, while the bills of repair quality reports are stored in the service event folder. The service difference and fault codes are selected under each offline event, while the fault analyses, corrective measures and fault codes of new faults are managed in a closed loop.
Use of Teamcenter has enabled the company to fully meet its planned objectives. Lei notes that after the system went live, the company's ability to manage its continuous casting equipment improved significantly. Repair costs for crucial spare parts are down, casting machine status is better understood, and slab quality is up.
According to Lei, the system has caught the eye of Baosteel's equipment management department, which is planning to apply the system to manage spare parts knowledge across other metallurgical equipment. Leaders of Baosteel's equipment department are impressed with the results of using Teamcenter for the management of continuous casting equipment, and hope that it will bring similar positive outcomes to its other equipment applications.
Lei concludes, "Teamcenter for MRO helps provide the enterprise with comprehensive digital solutions of equipment management and information-based integration technologies, as well as important technical support for the enterprise. This has enabled us to expand our core strengths in manufacturing to manufacturing services."
Baosteel
Sansera Engineering meets product development challenges with new approach to design
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Fujigiken Achieves Lean Product Development Objectives With PTC Product Development System
ANSYS Chosen as Engineering Simulation Solution at Shanghai Supercomputer Center
Exagon Engineering Develops All-Electric Car Using Siemens PLM Software Technology


Full of love, this flat white photo graduation party invitation from www.invitationbox.com features a white outer border with your digital photograph as the main background of the card. "You're invited! Class of 2018 Graduation Celebration" and "xo xo xo" are pre-printed on the card, over your photograph. A yellow, pink and orange plaid pattern adorns the back of the card. Includes white unlined envelopes.