Jordanne Whiley is a Paralympian, eight time Grand Slam champion and Britain's most decorated female tennis player of all time. She was born with osteogenesis, more commonly know as brittle bone disease.
With Rio 2016 fast approaching, Jordanne is training hard in the hopes of getting double gold. As part of 30 Under 30, she talks about how she got into tennis, role models and her other passion in life, singing.
When I was three years old, my dad took me out to Israel because he was competing in a tennis tournament. I was just going out with my mum and he was playing a match one day and I just wanted to play tennis but obviously I couldn't. My dad's friend gave me a racket and ball and I just started hitting it. Then it was all over Israeli news and newspapers. Basically, it all just kicked off because I was three, in a wheelchair with my legs in plaster playing tennis.
I became professional around the time I was 16. I'd just qualified for Beijing Paralympics and I wasn't expected to but I got the wild card. I actually qualified on my sixteenth birthday so that was a nice surprise! When I came back I quit academic studies and became a professional tennis player.
Tennis is such a great game. You have fun and the social life is great. It really helps you become comfortable with your impairment as you meet loads of different disabled people. It can really help you accept yourself.
When I was growing up, I didn't really have any role models to look up to. I don't really like looking up to celebrities and people like that because I don't know them. They could turn out to be something they're not.
If I looked up to anyone, I'd want them to be a real person, not a celebrity. For example, I had my dad for a lot of it, he was my coach until I was 12 and both of my parents were very supportive of my career. It was kind of like just me and them for a very long time.
Some people say I'm contradicting myself because they think I'm a celebrity role model. But I don't see myself as that. I don't own 300 Bentleys and live in an 80 room mansion, I'm a real person. What I say and what I do is always from a real person's point of view. I'm not interested in becoming famous, I just want to influence, help and inspire people.
I'm disabled and don't look like Paris Hilton but I'm successful. It doesn't matter who you are, what background you're from, what shape and size you are, you can still be successful. You don't have to look a certain way to fit into society.
Don't dwell on things you can't change and focus on the things you can change, like your success in your field or your attitude towards other people or yourself. I would like to help people see that.
If you listen to my story, I was bullied in school quite badly, I never grew to five foot and I don't have nice legs. But I don't worry about any of that because I can't change that. When you do put that to one side and just focus on the things that matter, it's so much better. Just focus on doing something you love. You might want to dance but you don't think you've got the body to dance. If that's what makes you happy, just go and dance. Who cares what people think?
Monday to Friday, I train from about 10am-4pm. I get home late evening and then I'm pretty knackered to be honest! I do cook and bake a lot and if I have the time, I do grow my own vegetables. I just like doing normal, domestic stuff.
I've sung my whole life. There's videos of me as a kid singing Spice Girls when I was five or six. When I was in my teens, I was obsessed with Shakira so I only used to sing her songs. As I grew up and my voice developed, it developed like Shakira's voice! I'd really like to get into singing a bit more as I love it.
I wrote my own song about my boyfriend. For Christmas he bought me a package to go and record it professionally and put it on iTunes. It turned out a lot better than I thought it would. The song is actually really good. It's kind of similar to Lukas Graham's "Seven Years". It's not mushy, it's about a real life relationship.
Keep a look out for Jordanne's track on iTunes.
Jordanne is sharing her story as part of our 30 Under 30 campaign. We are releasing one story a day throughout June from disabled people under 30 who are doing extraordinary things. Read other stories from 30 Under 30.
To find out more about stories and how they are at the heart of everything we do at Scope, visit our new Stories hub.
Featured image courtesy of The Tennis Foundation.


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El municipio de Smith (en inglés: Smith Township) es un municipio ubicado en el condado de Cross en el estado estadounidense de Arkansas. En el año 2010 tenía una población de 1892 habitantes y una densidad poblacional de 9,66 personas por km².

Geografía
El municipio de Smith se encuentra ubicado en las coordenadas . Según la Oficina del Censo de los Estados Unidos, el municipio tiene una superficie total de 195.93 km², de la cual 191,01 km² corresponden a tierra firme y (2,51 %) 4,92 km² es agua.

Demografía
Según el censo de 2010, había 1892 personas residiendo en el municipio de Smith. La densidad de población era de 9,66 hab./km². De los 1892 habitantes, el municipio de Smith estaba compuesto por el 94,45 % blancos, el 4,81 % eran afroamericanos, el 0,16 % eran amerindios, el 0,11 % eran asiáticos y el 0,48 % eran de una mezcla de razas. Del total de la población el 1,06 % eran hispanos o latinos de cualquier raza.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Municipios de Arkansas
Localidades del condado de Cross

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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[The JRB Daily] Panashe Chigumadzi reflects on Zimbabwe's 'coup that was not a coup' in her new book, These Bones Will Rise Again
April 30, 2018 April 30, 2018 Jennifer Malec3 Comments on [The JRB Daily] Panashe Chigumadzi reflects on Zimbabwe's 'coup that was not a coup' in her new book, These Bones Will Rise Again
Panashe Chigumadzi's new book, These Bones Will Rise Again, will be out from United Kingdom-based independent publisher The Indigo Press in June.
Chigumadzi says the book is 'a reflection on Robert Mugabe's ouster through the spirits of anti-colonial heroine Mbuya Nehanda and my late grandmother Mbuya Lilian Chigumadzi.'
These Bones Will Rise Again is the first publication from The Indigo Press's Mood Indigo series of long-form essays, in which 'leading writers reflect on the pressing social and political issues of our time', and will be launched at this year's Balham Literary Festival in London on 14 June.
Ellah Wakatama Allfrey, who sits on The JRB Editorial Advisory Panel, is publishing director for Indigo Press, and These Bones Will Rise Again is her first acquisition for the publisher.
'The Mood Indigo series is born out of our desire to publish timely, informative and intimate essays on urgent issues of international importance—reflecting our overall goal of publishing work that is both local and global,' she tells FMcM Associates. 'I am delighted that circumstances transpired that mean our first book focuses on the dramatic recent changes in the country of my birth, written by an astonishing talent whose work I have long admired.'
Chigumadzi was born in Zimbabwe and raised in South Africa. Her debut novel Sweet Medicine (Blackbird Books, 2015) won the K Sello Duiker Memorial Literary Award. She is the founding editor of Vanguard magazine, a platform for young black women coming of age in post-apartheid South Africa, and a Contributing Editor to The JRB.
These Bones Will Rise Again is Chigumadzi's first book to be published in the UK.
I have come to realise that the answers we need won't come from the places we usually search. Party-political responses cannot tell you enough about my people and what has brought us to this place. In search of those answers, I must cast my eyes from the heights of the Big Men who have created a history that does not know little people, let alone little women, except as cannon fodder.
What are the right questions to ask when seeking out the true spirit of a nation?
In November 2017 the people of Zimbabwe took to the streets in an unprecedented alliance with the military. Their goal, to restore the legacy of Chimurenga, the liberation struggle, and wrest their country back from over thirty years of Robert Mugabe's rule.
In an essay that combines bold reportage, memoir and critical analysis, Zimbabwean novelist and journalist Panashe Chigumadzi reflects on the 'coup that was not a coup', the telling of history and manipulation of time and the ancestral spirits of two women—her own grandmother and Mbuya Nehanda, the grandmother of the nation.
These Bones Will Rise Again is the first publication in The Indigo Press's Mood Indigo series, in which leading writers reflect on the pressing social and political issues of our time.
You write in order to change the world … James Baldwin
A leading writer of South Africa's 'born-free' generation, Chigumadzi offers a critical analysis of the November 2017 ousting of Robert Mugabe, reflecting on Nehanda, the founding ancestral spirit of Zimbabwe's revolution and radically reframing the cultural and political history of Zimbabwe to include the perspectives of workers, women and urban movements.
In a searing account that explores the heady post-independence days of the eighties, the economic downturn of the nineties, through to the effects of the land reform policies at the end of the century, Chigumadzi weaves together reflections on a nation's founding spirit, an account of the loss of her own beloved grandmother, and of the thirty-seven years of Robert Mugabe's rule.
Centred on the two-week crisis in which army generals took over the country but refused to declare a coup, join Chigumadzi to hear about when the people of Zimbabwe seemed to rise again, reclaiming their history.
Africa / Biography & Memoir / International / News / Non-fiction / South Africa / The JRB Daily / ZimbabweK Sello Duiker Memorial Literary Award Mbuya Nehanda Nehanda Nyakasikana Panashe Chigumadzi Robert Mugabe Sweet Medicine The Indigo Press The JRB The JRB Daily These Bones Will Rise Again Zimbabwe
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3 thoughts on "[The JRB Daily] Panashe Chigumadzi reflects on Zimbabwe's 'coup that was not a coup' in her new book, These Bones Will Rise Again"
Alwin Musoro says:
i not just ashamed that i gotta to release the book today i am sadden but i am glad that you doing extremely well with it and i promise to finally put my hands on this book not just the reviews but the whole book. I proud of you. Well done
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The birds' symphony orchestra plays a gentle upbeat classical piece; the geckos finish their night shift with a few heavy slurps and gulps; a slightly cool breeze rustles the mosquito net, with a hint of perfume from the flowers of the rainforest. I absolutely adore mornings in the Pacific. In Europe I am certainly a night bird – a person who never wants to sleep at night and never feels like getting up in the mornings. But in this part of the world I am most definitely a morning person (I even find myself setting my alarm for 5.40am so that I don't miss the best of the early morning sights, sounds and smells). At 6.30am everything seems good in the world, and the beach, the rolling waves, all look the more stunning in this subtle early morning light as I kick dead pieces of coral in the direction of the shoreline during my fifty yard stroll to breakfast. The coffee might only be instant but damn does it taste good at 7am with these views, the early morning sun light, the birds singing their morning chorus and the waves crashing angrily on the reef. Three mugs of coffee, scrambled eggs on toast, a plate loaded up with fresh papaya and pineapple. You can't beat this. Especially on a Sunday morning. Life feels good today.
After breakfast I'm off to church. Six villages are attending a Christian Congregational service in one church in Palauli today, about five kilometres up the road from the rainforest reserve. All present are dressed in white colonial cricket whites from head to toe: white lavalavas (sarongs), white collar shirts and, in the case of the ladies, elegant white summer hats. All are immaculately white, not a crease in sight. Some of the young ladies look so pretty in their long dresses. Even the interior of the church is the same virginal colour with white sheets decorating the altar. The only exceptions to the all-blanc rule seem to be a couple of the young preachers and three or four of the old school seniors present. One of the preachers is wearing a Miami Vice (circa 1982) linen suit with black shirt and, yes, white tie. He looks like a Panamanian drug cartel leader (circa 1982) as he preaches hell and damnation. The church is full. I'd estimate that each row has on average 30 chairs, and it must be 40 deep to the altar. That would make it 1200 punters present. Ulrika and I park ourselves outside on the steps as it is chocker inside. I am dressed in a t-shirt and lavalava. Its colour (red) does make me rather stand out in a congregation of 1200 people. I like the lad sat just behind me. He must be in his sixties, certainly with a bit of power to his name judging by the reactions of others to his presence. And there he sits wearing a snazzy pair of sunglasses, chain smoking his way through the service, blinged up like he's Big Ron, the one and only Ron Atkinson. Even his stripy kipper tie has an air of nonchalance about it.
I reckon a good ten per cent of the congregation are asleep during the latest of many sermons. When the preacher cracks a joke and sends a roar of laughter around the church the chuckles manage to awaken those who were briefly attending Slumber Land. With singing so important to the good people of the Pacific, Ulrika and I were expecting this service to be heavy on the hymns and light on the word of God, but instead it all feels rather solemn; the only hymn during our 45-minute stay is sung exclusively by the 30-strong choir sat near the back of the church.
The vision of everybody promenading out of church in their best whites and legging it for the local wooden buses and taxis is a sight to behold, as too is the procession of white-dressed locals hurrying off down both sides of the main road in the direction of home, like spectators from a sports match just after the final whistle. One thing that fascinates me is how there are so many variations of the same Christian religions around the world. For example, if you take Roman Catholics, you will find the religion to be strict on the details and central to political life in Spain; submerged in nationalism in Poland; conservative to the point of prudish in Germany; engines-a-revving ready to zoom off to the pub to gossip about everybody as soon as Mass finishes in Ireland; enthusiastically singing praise to Jesus in Kenya; intermingled with animist beliefs in southern Mexico; and informal, distant from the Vatican and less dogmatic in England. In the Pacific you've got a time warp colonial take on all Christian religions, including Catholicism. Here, the rituals and the dress code, it seems, are more important than they are in many other parts of the world where they practice the supposedly same religion. This is the world we live in. Nothing is quite as it seems and is supposed to be. There is no such thing, as far as I am concerned, as a stereotypical Christian, Muslim, Jew, Pagan or Hindu. In every corner of the world you will find a different take on the same belief systems.
I take back everything I wrote yesterday about being (half) ready to go home. Today, the weather is perfect. The sun is back, the storm clouds have gone, and the sea breeze is like a temperature gauge set to the optimum. I am able to air my clothes and repack those things I no longer need for my remaining days. And no, I really don't feel like leaving the wonderful Pacific any time soon. Tune of the day: Bring Back the Sun by John O'Callaghan. You can apply the words of this euphoric dance tune to the sun in the sky or the happiness in your life. Either way it feels good – no, wonderful, in fact - that the sun is back today. This feels like the most Sundayish Sunday I can recall in a very long time.


This modern classical design sits proud in the sought after area of Puerta Fenicia, close to the Arenal beach and historic centre of Javea, with views across the Javea countryside over to the Montgo. Entering on street level through electric gates into the large off road parking area, you can immediately get a feel for the grandeur of the property. A double vaulted entrance leads into the spacious open plan kitchen and living area.
From the kitchen and open dining area and living room there is direct access out onto a naya which is partially closed with glass curtains which can be drawn back to enjoy a further alfresco experience.
On this main level are three generous guest bedrooms, one with ensuite and an additional showeroom. A utility room and internal stairs to the 5th bedroom with bathroom and storage room.
The master suite occupies the upper floor, complete with ensuite bathroom with double sinks, bath and shower, dressing area and private terrace with outstanding views. There is a further shower room on the upper floor.
The property benefits from many features such as underfloor heating, air conditioning, quality integrated kitchen appliances.
Adjacent to the naya and overlooking the pool is the summer kitchen area and to the other side, the balinese gazebo which offers a further shaded area in an elevated position to enjoy the views of the pool and gardens.
In addition to the off road parking there is a garage. The gardens have been heavily landscaped with indigenous trees and plants and have matured into a low maintenance sheet of colour whilst providing privacy from the neighbors.
A spacious, well distributed family home ideal for all year round living, investment or alternatively a very special holiday villa.


The Ethics of Assistance in Famine. A number of years later Singer further articulates his moral argument. In One World. The Ethics of Globalization, he adds an amendment to his earlier argument. He (as cited in Peterson, pg. 3) states, "If it is in our power to prevent something bad from happening, without thereby sacrificing anything of moral importance, we out, morally, to do so." One notes that Singer has further elaborated on nature and extent that which is sacrificed should be when determining to enact the sacrifice to prevent the bad thing – in Singer's case famine – from occurring. Furthermore, it's Peter Singer's argument that the donations for famine relief should come from individuals rather than federal governments.
Although he wouldn't necessarily oppose government donations for famine relief, he argues that it is the moral responsibility of the individual citizen to donate excess wealth in reallocating resources to impoverished regions. This is because individuals are capable of developing a causal link between their monetary donation and the lifestyle improvement its makes in an impoverished country. Singer also argues that geographic distance should make no difference in determining one's moral obligation to aiding countries in famine relief. In an effort to expand to make Singer's use of the Pareto Principle more argumentatively sound through his incorporation of Sen's concept of final value as substantive freedom. In developing his claim Peterson considers the nature of final value. While traditional utilitarianism seeks methods of linking the abstract concept of increased happiness to objective entities such as primary goods, including things like health care, education, etc., this causes the same logical inconsistency as Singer's weak implementation of the Pareto Principle. As a result, Peterson turns to Sen's concept of substantive freedom, rather than the traditional utilitarian understanding of final value. Sen's concept of substantive freedom considers the nature of the final value in terms of capabilities and functionalities. The Ethics of Assistance in Famine.
Singer, Peter. (2004) The Life You Can Save: Acting Now to End World Poverty. Random House.
Singer, Peter. (2004) One World: the Ethics of Globalization. Random House.
Ethics of Assistance Essay - Brainbasket. https://brainbasket.net/essay/ethics-assistance-943501.
"Ethics of Assistance Essay - Brainbasket", n.d. https://brainbasket.net/essay/ethics-assistance-943501.


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Lindum reaches practical completion at Parkside Business Park - Lindum Group
Lindum reaches practical completion at Parkside Business Park
Lindum has reached practical completion of two new warehouses on the Parkside Business Park in Doncaster.
The units are being developed by regeneration specialist St. Modwen and offer 61,000 sq ft of industrial space, which can be split to provide flexible warehouse options from 10,709 sq ft to 31,876 sq ft.
The units form the second phase of development at the 27-acre site off Wheatley Hall Road, one of the main arterial routes into Doncaster, close to the M18 Motorway and just eight miles from Doncaster airport.
St. Modwen launched the first phase of the site in 2016 comprising circa 78,000 sq ft of accommodation, which are now both let to leading German businesses.
Bosch Automotive is now operating its flagship automotive technology training facility in one of the units and the other unit is DB Schenker's northern hub for servicing the Hitachi trains on the East Coast main line.
A planning application for the third and final phase of the flagship development in Doncaster was granted in September. The application is for more than 108,000 sq ft of industrial space across three buildings, and once constructed will complete the 247,000 sq ft development which was granted outline consent in March 2016.
Rob Richardson, Senior Development Manager at St. Modwen, said: "This is a major step forward in the overall development of this strategic site for St. Modwen. The first phase at Parkside Business Park has proven to be a great success with two great tenants which have brought jobs and investment to Doncaster, highlighting the prominence of the location and the quality of offering.
"We look forward to welcoming further tenants in to the next two buildings and continuing to create high quality warehouse space that is helping to satisfy the current shortage of medium sized prime industrial space in the South Yorkshire region."
Ed Norris of joint marketing agents CPP added: "We are pleased to see these two new versatile buildings complete, which are the only new units of this size available in the region."
The units were built by Lindum's York division, based at the Lindum Business Park in Elvington.
Director James Nellist said: "We are delighted to have completed phase two of the Parkside Business Park development, which was handed over both on time and on budget.
"This project has built on the successful completion and letting of phase one and has further cemented Lindum's relationship with St. Modwen.
"It is very satisfying to be involved in the regeneration of this brownfield site and to be part of a drive to create high-quality employment space in Yorkshire.
"We were also very happy to have called upon our local supply chain and to have used Yorkshire-based contractors throughout the construction process."
CBRE and CPP are St. Modwen's joint agents for Parkside Business Park. For more information visit www.parksidedoncaster.co.uk.
Plans for Lindum Group to build affordable homes in Bassingham have been resubmitted to North Kesteven District Council
Housing provider Longhurst Group and Lindum are seeking permission for 18 homes on land south of Vasey Close in Bassingham. It comes after an earlier application for 23 houses was refused by planning officers. The revised application on the 2.23 acre site is made by Lindum on behalf of Longhurst Group which would operate the […]
Lindum wins slot on latest Pagabo framework
Lindum is pleased to have been awarded a place on Pagabo's new Medium Works framework, which goes live today (Tuesday 17 January 2023). The news means our public sector clients can continue to use the framework as a direct route to work with us for another four years. The PCR-compliant framework helps to get public […]
Construction company has the right ingredients for food sector
Lindum Group will give the food and drink industry a taste of its construction expertise at the UK's premier trade show in Birmingham this spring. The Food & Drink Expo will be returning to the city's NEC between April 24 and April 26. The event runs alongside four other shows – Farm Shop & Deli […]
Lindum Group completes work on the Lincoln Central Market glass roof
The new replica glass roof has now been installed on Lincoln Central Market, marking a major milestone in the refurbishment for Lindum Group. New glazing panels to the arches around the building will also be installed, which signifies completion to the external works of the main market building and the start of the internal works. […]
Lindum to build new centre for medical technology and innovation
East Lindsey District Council has officially appointed Lindum Group to construct the £8.5m Campus for Future Living in Mablethorpe. The signing of the build contract is a significant milestone for the Council as it marks the first council-led Town Deal project moving to the delivery stage in 2023. The flagship project for the Lincolnshire coast […]
Lindum Group begins work on new flagship office space for the University of Lincoln
Work has begun on the refurbishment of the previous HMRC building, Lawress Hall, to convert it into a major new office space for the University of Lincoln. Lindum Group is currently working on the internal strip out, which includes removing the electrics to ensure the fabrics of the building do not get damaged during the […]
Largest new housing development in Kirkby
Work has started on Ashfield District Council's largest housing development to date on Warwick Close in Kirkby, which will see 34 new affordable family homes being built by Lindum Group. In total 18 two bedroom and 16 three-bedroom family homes will be built, with work scheduled to be completed by the winter of 2023. The […]


The rock wall is great way to meet new people, try a new sport, and get in great shape! The rock wall will bring you almost 30 feet off the ground, but you'll have to work for it. The open area and natural light, along with the natural look of the rock will keep you climbing to the peak. Talk to our staff for the best climbing techniques, information on how to incorporate climbing into your workout routine, or just for an interesting conversation! Like our Facebook page for rock wall updates and news about the sport!
The rock wall is available to all UND Students and Wellness Center members at NO extra charge to their current membership.
The Rock Wall staff may stop open climb time during some special events. Climbers who wish to stay are encouraged to re-check in and participate during these events!
Please see our Rock Wall events page for dates and times!
The Rock Wall is available to reserve for team-building events, camps, birthday parties, and any other excuses you can think of to have fun for a few hours. Our fee schedule is listed below.
Requests must be submitted 2 weeks in advance and availability is limited to times outside of the hours posted above.
To reserve the Rock Wall, please visit our reservation request page. You may also contact Ben Heller @ 701-777-4864.


CarAdvice podcast 26: Ford Escape, 5 Minute Fang in the HSV Clubsport R8, Picasso review and World Time Attack!
For the first time, Dave Zalstein joins Mandy Turner and James Wong on the CarAdvice podcast.
In car news, the 2017 Ford Escape replaces the Kuga, hear how much money was spent crashing cars the past year for ANCAP, driverless Mercedes-Benz cars will not plow into pedestrians to save you, and Lynk&Co 01 SUV gets Geely's new brand rolling.
Paul Maric and Mandy take a ride in the HSV Clubsport R8 and James Ward reviews the Citroen Grand C4 Picasso (AKA: Space Toaster).
Dave talks drifting and gives a wrap on this years World Time Attack, she-wee is a talking-point on Reader Comments, and a clue is revealed for the unguessed Pick the Exhaust.


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Animoca Brands raises US$4.1 million (~A$6 million) from strategic investors including M7 Asia, Mind Fund and others
Animoca Brands receives strategic investments totalling US$4.1 million (approx. A$6 million) from strategic investors including M7 Asia and Mind Fund
Capital raise will provide working capital and support a proposed initial public offering ("IPO") the Company is seeking by spinning off the assets of Pixowl SA, TSB Gaming, nWay Inc., and Quidd Inc. on Euronext or other public exchange
3 July 2020: Animoca Brands Corporation Limited ("Animoca Brands" or the "Company") wishes to inform shareholders that it has entered into unsecured convertible promissory notes ("Convertible Notes") with a number of investors including M7 Alternative Investment Strategies Asia Limited ("M7 Asia"), Mind Fund Group Limited ("Mind Fund"), and other investors (collectively, the "Investors") for net proceeds of US$4.1 million (approximately A$6 million). The Convertible Notes have a coupon rate of 9%, and are repayable at maturity subject to a number of redemption and conversion rights which are summarised below.
M7 Asia, which focuses on alternative investments in Asia, is a subsidiary of M7 Real Estate Ltd. ("M7"), one of the leading specialists in the pan-European, regional, multi-let real estate market. M7 is a property fund and asset management business owned by its senior managers, with circa 220 employees in 13 countries across Europe. The team manages over 830 retail, office and industrial properties with a value of circa €4.7 billion (approximately A$7.6 billion). M7 typically aggregates numerous individual assets to form large portfolios with income levels and yields well above the real estate market averages.
Mind Fund (www.mindfund.com) is a global venture capital company that has invested in several companies in the United States and Asia. Most notably, Mind Fund is an investor in Bytedance, one of the most valuable startup companies in the world with a reported valuation of over US$100 billion (approximately A$145 billion) as of May 2020 and is an investor in Hedera Hashgraph. Mind Fund also has an institutional partnership with Tokyo and San Francisco-based Digital Garage (TYO:4819) to collaborate and co-invest in a Global Incubation Stream of world-class entrepreneurial companies. Mind Fund is an existing investor in Animoca Brands (please see the announcement dated 15 October 2018).
The key terms of the Convertible Notes are summarised below.
M7 Asia Convertible Note
Under the M7 Asia Convertible Note, Animoca Brands has raised the principal sum of US$2 million (approximately A$2.9 million) which carries an interest rate of 9% per annum, with the interest payable every 6 months.The principal and any unpaid interest on the Convertible Notes are due and payable on 24 months from the commencement date of 18 June 2020 ("M7 Maturity Date"), subject to a conversion event or redemption as outlined below. The term of the Convertible Notes may be extended for an additional 6-month period at the written request of either the Company or M7.
The outstanding principal and accrued interest of the M7 Asia Convertible Notes will convert into equity ("M7 Conversion Amount") upon such time that Animoca Brands, or an entity which holds a mix of assets that may include some combination of the Company's studios Pixowl SA., TSB Gaming., nWay, Inc., and Quidd, Inc. ("ListCo"), lists on the Euronext exchange (or another exchange that the Company deems appropriate) ("Listing Event"). Upon the Listing Event, M7 Asia will hold 50% of the M7 Conversion Amount in Animoca Brands shares and 50% of the M7 Conversion Amount in ListCo shares.
As outlined above, the Convertible Notes are issued as part of a series of notes to the Investors. If a Listing Event has not occurred by the M7 Maturity Date, the Convertible Notes may convert into equity in Animoca Brands at any time on or after the M7 Maturity Date, at the election of the holders of the Convertible Notes who hold at least 65% of the outstanding principal amount of the Convertible Notes on issue.
M7 Asia also has the right to redeem the Convertible Note prior to the M7 Maturity Date if Yat Siu ceases to be in a decision-making role at both the Company and ListCo, there is a material change in the nature of the Company's business, or the Company divests over 25% of its assets to an unrelated third party ("Redemption"). If M7 Asia exercises its rights to Redemption, it will be repaid any unpaid interest and principal, with the timing for such repayment subject to further discussion between the Company and M7 Asia.
Mind Fund and other investors
Animoca Brands has also entered into convertible note agreements with Mind Fund and other investors for an additional US$2.1 million (approximately A$3 million) on substantially similar terms as those outlined above for M7 Asia, except without an obligation for payment of interest until the maturity dates of those notes (which would occur within Q2 2022).
Yat Siu, co-founder and chairman of Animoca Brands, said: "We are incredibly honored and pleased that our vision for the future of digital assets and blockchain gaming has earned the confidence of some of the world's most successful tech investors M7 and Mind Fund."
Adam Lindemann, partner at Mind Fund, said: "We at Mind Fund are excited to continue our partnership with Animoca Brands. We believe deeply in the company's vision to use blockchain to build economies where true digital ownership in games and virtual worlds will become a reality for hundreds of millions of people."
If you have any queries in relation to this announcement, please contact John Madden, company secretary, at johnm@animocabrands.com.
About Animoca Brands
Animoca Brands is a leader in the field of digital entertainment, specializing in blockchain, gamification, and artificial intelligence technologies to develop and publish a broad portfolio of mobile products including games such as The Sandbox, Crazy Kings, and Crazy Defense Heroes as well as products utilizing popular intellectual properties such as Formula 1®, Marvel, Garfield, Snoopy, Thomas & Friends™, Power Rangers, MotoGP, and Doraemon. Animoca Brands' portfolio of blockchain investments and partnerships includes Lucid Sight, Dapper Labs (creators of CryptoKitties), WAX, Harmony, and Decentraland. The Company is based in Hong Kong, United States, South Korea, Finland, and Argentina. For more information visit www.animocabrands.com or get updates by following Animoca Brands on Facebook or Twitter.


A simple, personal time keeping application for the iPhone and iPod touch.
Calendar integration, you can push your completed tasks to your iOS calendar.
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Reformatted reports summarize by customer.
Export reports to CSV files for easy import into desktop applications.
And, we've updated the user interface to provide an even better user experience.
ClockedIn 2 builds on all the feature in the original ClockedIn. It's still a simple to use personal time tracking application that allows you to track the amount of time you spend on different projects and activities. With ClockedIn 2 you can be accurate and productive. And, best of all, you'll be sure you didn't miss out on any billable time.
It's personal. ClockedIn 2 helps you keep track of the time you spend on different tasks as you accomplish your goals. It gives you just that little bit of extra help to keep you accurate and up-to-date. It doesn't do invoicing or billing because you already have other systems to manage those complex processes.
It's simple. ClockedIn 2 is designed to provide just the functions you'll need to track and report on one or multiple projects. You just start the timer when you begin a task. Assign the task to a project. Then stop the timer when you finish the task. The amount of time spent on the task is saved and accumulated. You can review it later by day or project. You will enjoy its easy-to-read timer display and easy-to-understand reporting.
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ClockedIn 2 is available on the App Store today.
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ClockedIn 2 runs on iPhone and iPod touch running iOS, version 5.0 or higher. It will run in compatibility mode on iPads running iOS version 5.0 or higher.
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text:
HomeRestitutionRestitution to the Executive and the recovery of unauthorised State payments – II – State payments must be authorised
Restitution to the Executive and the recovery of unauthorised State payments – II – State payments must be authorised
Auckland Harbour Ferry Terminal in 1905
In an earlier post, I raised the question of whether the State could recover overpayments made to farmers under EU schemes. To begin to answer that question, I established the principle associated with Auckland Harbour Board v R [1924] AC 318; [1923] UKPC 92, [1923] NZPC 3 (18 December 1923) [Auckland] and Attorney General v Great Southern and Western Railway Company of Ireland [1925] AC 754 (HL) [GSWR]. In particular, I argued that the Auckland/GSWR principle has two limbs. First, State payments must be authorised (this is the authorisation limb of the principle). Second, unauthorised State payments can be recovered if they can be identified (this is the restitution limb of the principle).
Both Auckland and GSWR quote both limbs of the principle, and each neatly illustrates one limb on its facts. On the one hand, GSWR illustrates the authorisation limb, finding that the liability of the Government of the Irish Free State under a series of contracts entered into by the British Government with Irish railway companies in 1917 and 1918 was authorised by the the Irish Free State (Agreement) Act, 1922 (compare Commonwealth v Colonial Ammunition Co Ltd (1924) 34 CLR 198, [1924] HCA 5 (21 March 1924); New South Wales v Bardolph (1934) 52 CLR 455, [1934] HCA 74 (30 November 1934); and see now Williams v Commonwealth of Australia (No 1) (2012) 248 CLR 156, [2012] HCA 23 (20 June 2012); see, generally, Enid Campbell "Commonwealth Contracts" (1970) 44 Australian Law Journal 14; Enid Campbell "Federal Contract Law" (1970) 44 Australian Law Journal 580; Sue Arrowsmith "Government Contracts and Public Law" (1990) 10 Legal Studies 231; Nick Seddon "The Interaction of Contract and Executive Power" (2003) 31 Federal Law Review 541; Cheryl Saunders and Kevin K F Yam "Government Regulation by Contract: Implications for the Rule of Law" (2004) 15 Public Law Review 51; Cheryl Saunders "Intergovernmental Agreements and the Executive Power" (2005) 16 Public Law Review 294).
On the other hand, Auckland illustrates the restitution limb, finding that the Crown's payment of £7,500 to the Harbour Board was unauthorised, and permitting it to be recovered. In this post and the next one, I want to examine the authorisation limb of the principle. The restitution limb of the principle is a claim to restitution of unjust enrichment, because the recipient of the unauthorised payment has been unjustly enriched at the expense of the State; and I will examine it in the fourth and fifth posts in this series.
Four preliminary points require to be made. First, the authorisation limb of the Auckland/GSWR is a key aspect of the rule of law. The modern understanding of parliamentary control and authorisation of executive expenditure of public funds originates in 17th century England, and in particular in the Bill of Rights (which is usually dated 1689), which provides
That levying Money for or to the Use of the Crowne by pretence of Prerogative without Grant of Parlyament for longer time or in other manner then the same is or shall be granted is Illegall.
This requires both that taxation must be authorised by Parliament, and that only Parliament can authorise the appropriation and expenditure of the revenue thereby raised. The appropriation process was rationalised by the establishment of the Consolidated Fund by sections 47 and 48 of the Customs and Excise Act, 1787, and oversight of this process was reinforced by the Exchequer and Audit Departments Act, 1866, which inter alia established the office of the Comptroller and Auditor General (see, generally, Enid Campbell "Parliamentary Appropriations" (1971) 4 Adelaide Law Review 145; Cheryl Saunders "The Development of the Commonwealth Spending Power" (1978) 11 Melbourne University Law Review 369; John Waugh "Evading Control of Parliamentary Spending: Some Early Case Studies" (1998) 9 Public Law Review 28; John Jeffrey-Cook "William Pitt and his Taxes" (2010) 4 British Tax Review 376 (pdf)). As Viscount Haldane put it in Auckland, in words repeated verbatim by Viscount Cave in GSWR, "no money can be taken out of the consolidated fund into which the revenues of the State have been paid, excepting under a distinct authorisation from Parliament itself" ([1924] AC 318, 327; [1925] AC 754, 773).
Both Viscount Haldane in Auckland and Viscount Cave in GSWR then went on to say that, if a payment is not so authorised, it can be recovered. This illustrates the second preliminary point – as with both Auckland and GSWR, the cases often quote both limbs of the principle. The cases in this post and the next one illustrate the question of authorisation, usually finding that there is; the cases in my fourth post find that there is no authorisation, and then consider restitution accordingly. Third, given the broad reach of the modern legislative state, including annual Finance and Appropriation Acts, there will almost inevitably be some legislative authorisation of impugned payments. Fourth, whilst the Auckland/GSWR principle is a matter of common law, it also raises constitutional issues. In particular, the authorisation limb of the principle has constitutional status in Australia, where the cases have similarities with Collins v Minister for Finance [2013] IEHC 530 (26 November 2013). I will consider the common law authorities on the first limb of the Auckland/GSWR principle in this post; and I will consider the constitutional issues in the next one.
An excellent example of the authorisation limb of the Auckland/GSWR principle is provided by the speech of Lord Bridge for a unanimous House of Lords in Steele, Ford and Newton v CPS (otherwise Holden v CPS (No 2)) [1994] 1 AC 22. He held that Courts had no express or implied statutory authority to order payment of parties' costs in civil cases out of central funds, and cited Haldane in Auckland [1924] AC 318, 326 as authority for
… the special constitutional convention which jealously safeguards the exclusive control exercised by Parliament over both the levying and the expenditure of the public revenue. It is trite law that nothing less than clear, express and unambiguous language is effective to levy a tax. Scarcely less stringent is the requirement of clear statutory authority for public expenditure.
([1994] 1 AC 22, 33; see also Re the Law Society of Northern Ireland [2004] NIQB 48 (09 September 2004) [55] (Girvan J); C v Sevenoaks Youth Court [2010] 1 All ER 735, [2009] EWHC 3088 (Admin) (03 November 2009) [19]-[27] (Openshaw J; Sullivan LJ concurring) [cp R v RJH 2000 ABCA 111 (CanLII) (12 April 2000); S v S 2004 BCPC 354 (CanLII) (27 September 2004)]; R (on the Application of Henderson) v Secretary of State for Justice [2015] EWHC 130 (Admin) (27 January 2015) [35]-[39] (Burnett LJ; Goss J concurring)).
A similar point is made by Lord Scott in Re McFarland [2004] 1 WLR 1289, [2004] UKHL 17 (29 April 2004). The Home Secretary operated a scheme of ex gratia payments of compensation to persons who had spent time in custody before their convictions had been quashed, and Lord Bingham for a unanimous House of Lords held that the Home Secretary had acted lawfully in declining to make such a payment here. Lord Scott, ([40], concurring) considered that Auckland required that such ex gratia payments must be authorised:
In making ex gratia payments the Home Secretary is disbursing public money. But he is not doing so pursuant to any statutory duty or statutory power. There is no statute to be construed. He is exercising a Crown prerogative. He is accountable for what he does with public money to Parliament and, in particular, to the House of Commons. The making of ex gratia payments is lawful if, but not unless, there is Parliamentary authority for the disbursements (see Auckland Harbour Board v The King [1924] AC 318 per Viscount Haldane at pp 326/7). Your Lordships have, not surprisingly, not been addressed on this aspect of the ex gratia scheme but presumably the ex gratia payments in wrongful conviction cases are authorised by some provision in the annual Appropriation Act.
So, on the footing that the requisite Parliamentary authority exists, the ex gratia payments are lawfully made under the prerogative power of the Crown. …
([2004] UKHL 1 [40]; on McFarlane, see also R (Rassi) v Secretary of State for the Home Department [2007] EWHC 243 (Admin) (22 February 2007) [27]-[28]; rvsd [2008] QB 836, [2008] EWCA Civ 72 (14 February 2008) [117]; R (Niazi) v Secretary of State for the Home Department [2007] EWHC 1495 (Admin) (26 June 2007) [15]; Re Dinnell [2015] ScotCS CSIH_7 (20 January 2015) [29]; on ex gratia payments, see also R v Secretary of State for the Home Department, ex p Fire Brigades Union [1995] 2 AC 513, [1995] UKHL 3 (05 April 1995)).
In R (on the application of Hooper) v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions both Moses J at first instance and Lord Phillips MR for the Court of Appeal reaffirmed the fundamental principle that any expenditure of public funds must be authorised (see [2002] EWHC 191 (Admin) (14 February 2002) [100], [170] (Moses J, citing Lord Bridge in Steele, Ford and Newton); [2003] 1 WLR 2623, [2003] 3 All ER 673, [2003] EWCA Civ 813 (18 June 2003) [129], [131] (Lord Phillips MR, Mantell and Rix LJJ (in a joint judgment delivered by Lord Phillips MR) citing Auckland and Steele, Ford and Newton). The applicant widowers had received lower benefit payments than widows. Both Moses J and the Court of Appeal held that this amounted to discrimination contrary to Article 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights and was thus in breach of section 6(1) of the Human Rights Act, 1998. The Court of Appeal further held that, if making extra-statutory payments to the widowers to match those payable to widows would have prevented breaches of Article 14 ECHR, then the respondent Secretary of State would have had the power to make the payments, and the failure to do so was also discrimination contrary to Article 14 ECHR, and was thus in breach of s6(1) HRA. Moses J at first instance had rejected that argument on the grounds that it would infringe the authorisation limb of the Auckland/GSWR principle by requiring "the court to usurp the role of Parliament in a manner recognised as impermissible by Lord Bridge" in Steele, Ford and Newton ([2002] EWHC 191 (Admin) (14 February 2002) [170]). The Court of Appeal reversed Moses J on this point:
Acts of Parliament should be read, in so far as possible, as not precluding common law or prerogative powers of the Crown to take any action that may be necessary to prevent infringement of Convention rights. In so far as the HRA placed upon the Secretary of State an obligation to make extra statutory payments, no constitutional impropriety or illegality could be involved in his putting in place a scheme to give effect to that obligation and, if necessary, seeking from Parliament appropriation of funds to implement the scheme. ([2003] EWCA Civ 813 (18 June 2003) [136] (Lord Phillips MR)).
On appeal, the House of Lords ([2005] 1 WLR 1681, [2006] 1 All ER 487, [2005] UKHL 29 (5 May 2005)) over-ruled the Court of Appeal, without needing to advert to the Auckland issue, on the grounds that the discrimination had been objectively justified, and therefore involved no infringement that called for a remedy.
Some of the English cases mentioned in this post applying Steele and McFarlane reach conclusions that cast doubt on Lord Phillips MR's holding above, but Willcock J in Conseil scolaire francophone de la Colombie-Britannique v British Columbia (Education) 2011 BCSC 1219 (CanLII) (9 September 2011) [26] also concluded that court orders requiring the expenditure of public funds to remedy Charter breaches "are not generally regarded as subverting parliamentary control of the public purse but, are seen instead as a means of effecting the intentions expressed in the Charter and, as an exercise of the courts' fundamental role in ensuring that government is not immune from Charter challenges". However, this will now have to be read in the light of the careful line walked by the Supreme Court of Canada R v Criminal Lawyers' Association of Ontario [2013] 3 SCR 3, 2013 SCC 43 (CanLII) (1 August 2013) in approving the authorisation limb of the Auckland/GSWR principle as a matter of Canadian law. The first case in that Court on the principle is Walkerville Brewery v The King [1939] SCR 52, 1938 CanLII 27 (SCC) (23 June 1938). Davis J referred to both Auckland and GSWR, and held that the payment of moneys out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of Canada would require a statute, and concluded that the Crown was not liable under the terms of a settlement to refund tax payed by the plaintiff. In Cape Breton (Regional Municipality) v Nova Scotia (Attorney General) 2008 NSSC 111 (CanLII) (23 April 2008), the plaintiff municipality sought a declaration that the Province had breached section 36 of the Constitution Act, 1982 by not ensuring that the municipality's residents, relative to other Nova Scotians, have reasonably comparable levels of public service in exchange for reasonably comparable levels of taxation. At first instance, Murphy J held that such a general challenge to government action did not give rise to a justiciable issue or to a reasonable cause of action. In particular, he cited Auckland for the principle that government expenditures require legislative authorisation (2008 NSSC 111 [47]-[49]). The appeal was dismissed by the Nova Scotia Court of Appeal (2009 NSCA 44 (CanLII) (8 May 2009)) on the grounds that the municipality's claim was premised on a purported constitutional obligation which did not exist, but no reference was made to Auckland.
The recent decision of the Supreme Court in R v Criminal Lawyers' Association of Ontario [2013] 3 SCR 3, 2013 SCC 43 (CanLII) (1 August 2013) is a strong reaffirmation of the authorisation limb of the Auckland/GSWR principle. A practice had emerged of trial judges appointing amici curiae to represent the interests of unrepresented indigent defendants in criminal tirals, and ordering the Attorney General to pay their fees at rates higher than the legislated legal aid rates for defence counsel. One of the grounds on which this practice had been challenged in various Courts of Appeal was that it infringed the authorisation limb of the Auckland/GSWR principle (see, eg, Canada (Attorney General) v Yukon (Territorial Court) (otherwise R v Savard) 1996 CanLII 3294 (YK CA) (10 April 1996) [10], [19], [104]; British Columbia (Minister of Forests) v Adam Lake Band 2001 BCCA 647 (CanLII) (5 November 2001) [35]; R v Cai 2002 ABCA 299 (CanLII) (12 December 2002) [93]; R v Ho 2003 BCCA 663 (CanLII) (2 December 2003) [54]-[55]; Lang v British Columbia (Superintendent of Motor Vehicles) 2005 BCCA 244 (CanLII) (25 April 2005) [41]-[43] (see also HMTQ v McGrath 2009 BCSC 180 (CanLII)); R v Russel 2011 ONCA 303 (CanLII) [47]-[52] (19 April 2011), which was the decision under appeal in the SCC – compare and contrast the Sevenoaks and Henderson cases above). Karakatsanis J (for the majority) took a narrow view of the role of amici, and held that the Courts' jurisdiction to appoint them does not extend to setting rates of compensation for them and ordering the Provinces to pay them, effectively calling a halt to the practice which had developed in the courts below.
Although the Court divided on this issue, it was unanimous in its approval of the authorisation limb of the Auckland/GSWR principle, that "no money can be taken out of the Consolidated Fund into which the revenues of the State have been paid, excepting under a distinct authorisation from Parliament itself" (Auckland Harbour Board v R [1924] AC 318, 326). The Court concluded that there was no constitutional impediment to vesting in trial judges the authority to fix the fees of amici curiae, and that the Attorney General had the authority to disburse public funds to pay amici curiae pursuant to the Financial Administration Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. F.12, so there would have been no violation of the authorisation limb of the Auckland/GSWR principle (see Karakatsanis J (McLachlin CJ, Rothstein, Moldaver, and Wagner JJ, concurring) [57]-[61]; Fish J (LeBel, Abella and Cromwell JJ, concurring) [126]-[130]).
In the context of overpayments to Irish farmers, the authorisation limb of the Auckland/GSWR principle – as illustrated by Steel, Ford and Newton, McFarland, and Criminal Lawyers' Association of Ontario – requires that the payments to the farmers be authorised. If they are not, then EU requires them to be recovered from the farmers in national courts in accordance with national law and procedure (see, eg, Law Commission of England and Wales Report on Restitution. Mistakes of Law and Ultra Vires Public Authority Receipts and Payments (Law Com No 227; 1994) (pdf) [17.5] 183). This would mean that, if the overpayments were unauthorised, then the question of a restitution claim under the second limb of the Auckland/GSWR principle would arise. That question will be discussed in the fourth post in this series of six posts on that principle. This is the second post in the series. In my first post, I established the the Auckland/GSWR principle. In this post, I discussed the common law authorities on the first – authorisation – limb of the principle; and, in my next post, I will discuss the constitutional authorities on that limb. The second – restitution – limb of the Auckland/GSWR principle is that unauthorised State payments can be recovered if they can be identified; and I will discuss it in my fourth post in this series. This restitution limb raises the question of whether unauthorised State payments must be recovered, and, if so, whether this precludes the operation of ordinary restitution defences; I will discuss these issues in my fifth post in this series. Similar overpayments to Gardaí (Irish police officers) give rise to similar issues considered in an additional footnote post. Finally, overpayments to Irish farmers and Gardaí are not the only contexts in which these restitution issues have recently been in the news; an interesting example has recently arisen in South Africa; and I will discuss it in my sixth and final post in this series. And, in an addendum, I will consider whether Irish law might draw other conclusions from the Australian constitutional experience.
The varieties of subrogation
Grading and marking, updates
Rescue from the runaway truck


FOUNDATION work for a state-of-the-art school has begun at the Southern Governorate in Bahrain at a cost of BD4.6 million ($12.20 million).
The 14.9-million-sq-m Hunainiya Secondary School for Boys is a four-storey structure comprising 40 classrooms with a capacity to accommodate 1,000 students, said Education Minister Dr Majid bin Ali Al Noami.
The project is being executed by the Ministry of Education in collaboration with the Ministry of Works (MoW) on a total land area of 19.99 million sq m.
The MoW is responsible for the design and supervision of the project.
Levelling works at the site have been completed and the foundations for the main building, the main entrance, the substation and guard room are currently being executed, said Wadeea Marzooq, the MoW's acting assistant undersecretary for construction projects and maintenance.
Noami said the new school will enjoy modern educational facilities that include a multi-purpose hall, science, physics and computer labs, library and related administrative offices, sports hall and other facilities like toilets, stores and guard room.
The state-of-the-art design conforms to standard design specifications, sustainability and green buildings requirements, said Marzooq, adding that the design adopts energy-saving methods such as thermal insulation for roofs and walls and heat insulating glass.
The school's design has also taken into consideration the convenience of students and staff with special needs such as providing parking spaces close to the main entrances, toilet facilities and non-slip vinyl flooring in all rooms, pathways and stairs, Marzooq explained.
"About 53 parking spaces will be allocated for staff and visitors in addition to a bus stop, which will be built in co-ordination with the MoW's Roads Planning and Design Directorate," she added.
The school project is part of the Education Ministry's strategy to build more schools and academic establishments across Bahrain in order to make education accessible to all, according to Noami. The new plan also aims to bring educational facilities and services closer to residents, he said.


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The Stiletto's slim design allows it to be drawn and activated from a pocket as fast as a knife. It is a rechargeable, high-output handheld flashlight – ideal for anyone's everyday carry kit. The primary switch on the body activates a wide 650-lumen, medium 250-lumen or dialed-down 5-lumen beam for tasks using a MaxVision Beam® reflector. The tactical switch activates high output only and has an optional high-frequency strobe. Simply recharge the lithium polymer battery with any ubiquitous MICRO-USB cable charger (included). The heavy duty pocket clip will always keep the Stiletto® quickly accessible and secured.


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Please note this is a working farm not a tourist venue. Remember there is no right of access.
The two feature introduced below are know known to be Iron-slag mounds dated by Radio-carbon dating to approx. the 2nd century AD. Feature 3 was discovered by whilst exploring the land holdings of Bywood farm after which the landownerdirected him to a similar mound now known as feature 4. The two mounds are similar in size and dated to approximately the same period, but situated in very different topographical locations. An opportunity to investigate feature 3 provided a limited picture of the composition of the mound. Both features provided charcoal for radiocarbon dating and offered 1st-2nd century AD dates.
Feature 3 is situated (elevation 245m OD) 50m from the south-east corner of field TM 267 (fig 8). The landowner/ has always known of the feature (in field TA267) but not of its relevance nor its' origin. As with feature 2, which is immediatelyabove the line of spill in an easterly direction to this mound, feature 3 is situated on flat ground on the very top of the plateau 150 m south of the farmhouse itself. It is a good 300m to the head of the Cleave and a further 200m from the start of present-day Bywood Copse and the other proposed iron-working sites of feature 4, (see Weicken 2004), and of the Saxon dated site (see Griffith & Weddell 1996).
Looking across at the slight rise of feature 3. This was the first of two mounds of iron-ore slag to be discovered and recorded by the Community Landscapes Project.
Volunteers recording the profile of the mound of iron-ore slag. Note this site is on almost level terrain which is in direct contrast to feature 4. Furthermore feature 5, the ditched enclosure is immediately bordering the edge of this feature on the opposite side of the hedge.
The feature lies 80m to the east of the nearest metalled road, however the Tithe Map field names here i.e. TA 266, 265 and 263 are Higher, Middle and Lower Style. Perhaps these suggest there had once been a track passing through but turned now to run down the 19th century farm entrance. Beyond the road the field names (heath and furze) suggest this to have once been open moor. The nearest woodland is suggested here as Holmwood farm ('holly wood') 500m along the level to the west. On the other hand the plateau top may have been wooded and much of it lost to land clearance.
Plan 3: 1st - 2nd Century AD Romano-British Iron-ore slag mound and possible furnace site.
Julia excavating a small section of the mound to gather material for dating. This proved highly successful and lumps of charcoaled wood radiocarbon dated to the 1st century AD.
A plan of the oval-shaped mound at a scale of 1:100 was produced in October 2002 (see but revised in December 2003 after the removal of the old water-tank was completed. Feature 3 now appears as an oval-shaped mound with a levelled top, approximately 80m north to south and 30m east to west. Its highest point is probably 1.20m. The feature does not extend beyond the hedge-line out of the field but does sit close to the field's eastern hedge line. At this point there is now a half-destroyed concrete water-tank and a new plastic tank. It should be noted the laying of pipes leading from the old tank and the replacement tank (water-pipes run toward the house and out-buildings) will have dissected the feature.
Iron production produces lump of iron slag as shown above. Small pieces as above can end up miles from the production site since it is often used to infill damaged tracks etc.
This second red lump is clay. It is much lighter in weight and is the remains of the furnace lining. It crumbles to pieces if moved so if you find this material in quantity then you are more likely to be at the actual iron production site.
A study of the 1844 Tithe Apportionment data indicates the name of the field is 'Great close meadow' and simply suggests the usage was as the primary meadow. The landowner informs that the field has never been ploughed in his families' lifetime and being Meadow probably never has been ploughed. Examination of the Sites and Monuments Register held 1940s RAF aerial photographs show the mound as possibly having once been three to four separate mounds now levelled over time into one. This led to the original impression the general shape of the feature and its position abutting the hedge implied it had been dumped from a cart. It was suggested, after dumping the material would have been spread as a phosphate on the surrounding fields. This was often carried-out in the 19th century to improve the mineral content of the fields. Other suggestions are the material was dumped and intended as mettling for a road, track, and or gateways, or as hedge building material.
Nevertheless the overall findings of the keyhole investigations and subsequent radiocarbon dating undertaken in December 2003 during the removal of the water-tank provided a different proposition. Weiken concluded the mound composition was the same as in other fully excavated slag mounds and could therefore be compared. The staining of the iron salts suggested the presence of more iron-rich material on top of the mound, which had by now disappeared as a result of erosion, animal or human action. The compacted nature and clearly distinguishable layers gave the impression the material was indeed 'insitu' and that the mound is connected with bloomery iron-production belonging to the 1st - 2nd century AD Romano-British period. The two pieces of charcoal radiocarbon dated returned dates Cal BC 10 to Cal AD 330 and Cal AD 60 to 240.
Feature 4 consists of a iron-slag mound, approx. 15m by 20m, and is situated on a steep slope 530m to the north of the upper iron-slag mound referred to as feature 3 and about 100m south-west of feature 2 (the Hill slope/D-shaped enclosure). Feature 4 however is only approx. 150m south of the 8/9th century iron-working mound discussed in Griffith & Weddell 1996. The slope is south-west facing running down to a stream at the bottom of the cleave.
The slight hump is the iron-ore slag mound of feature 4. The view is looking south out of the cleave back towards the farm.
View of section cut into second mound of iron-ore slag. Note the steep rise out of the cleave to the plateau top where the slope is only slight and the D-shaped enclosure of Site 2 is situated. Did the material dumped here come from Site 2 or was the furnace somewhere between the two?
Here the closer view of the section cut into the side of the mound shows the iron-slag waste material as it was deposited during the Romano-British period.
Along the top of the slope there appears to have been either chert quarrying (as large quantities of chert can be seen on the surface) or more likely the remnants of iron-ore extraction. There is also a derelict Linhay (elevation 211 OD) with iron-slag built into the walls. On the opposite slope to feature 4 (i.e. the western-side of the Cleave) there is a quarried/scooped-face, platform and waste mounds cut into the side of the Greensand slope. This feature lies in TA 245 and is referred to as 'Shut Plot'. There is also an obsolete and near invisible track running south along the length of Shut Plot toward the farm itself.
The mound itself is has not been planned or surveyed in detail but here is presented as approx. 15m by 20m and just less than 1m high. It has been cut by a track leading to a gateway, running along the bottom of the valley. This allowed for a cleaned section to be recorded and the composition of the mound photographed. It was also possible to collect charcoal samples large enough for radiocarbon dating from a secure context within the material. It was not possible to say weather the material was insitu, other than the presence of the furnace bowl, however the extracted charcoal returned a radiocarbon date 1st -2nd century AD Romano-British period.
The first being Cal AD 220 to Cal AD 420 and the second deposit Cal AD 70 to 370.
The Linhay and the slag mound are both situated in the field referred to in the Tithe Apportionments as 'Serles Plot'. The Linhay is identified on the 19th century Tithe Map where it is coloured red; suggesting it was at that time an occupied dwelling. It is clear from the presence of slag in the building walls and the field boundaries that the creation of this small probable late 18th/early-19th century holding imposed upon the remains of the Romano-British iron- working site. Although this did not result in its' complete demise it is not possible from such a quick investigation to determine the full extent of the destruction or reworking or conversion of this part of the site as a whole.
With regard to the quarry-like cutting the landowner has always understood this to be the site of sand extraction, taken over the centuries during construction phases of the Bywood farm buildings. Certainly probing of the waste mounds demonstrated they consisted only of sand. Furthermore the possible presence of a relic track leading back to the farm buildings may support this proposal, however it is also possible that iron-ore was also extracted from this side of the cleave and then carted around the deep cleave to the opposite side for working.
Feature 4, dated to the Romano-British period, only covers an part of this small but industrialised site. The question is whether the other features suggest larger scale iron-workings or a site used over many years or many years of diversity in the use of the site.
Table 1: Radio Carbon dates for Iron workings withinthe Blackdown Hills.
Certainly there is a high degree of correlation with all the Romano-British dates falling in the 1st - 2nd century AD. In Griffith & Weddell 1996 it is noted that the period covered by the pottery also fits with the period of occupation of the legionary fortress at Exeter. They further suggest this is Roman military exploitation of the industry throughout the Blackdowns. The Bywood dates can be seen to lend further support to this theory.
The Bywood pollen diagram suggests a period of woodland management that runs from the Late Iron Age onwards, although the scale of activity remains undetermined. The charcoal spikes in the pollen assemblage whilst not necessarily corresponding to land clearance phases do relate with known periods of iron-workings. These are the 1st-2nd century Romano-British and the later part of the Saxon period. Further charcoal spikes at about approximately 12th/early 14th centuries roughly match the date of the Feudal Aids (1148) which discuss two Welsh metal workers killing two other Welsh metal workers in Dunkeswell whilst in the employment of Dunkeswell Abbey.
Finally, woodland management and increased charcoal production are perhaps encouraged by the bouts of increased iron-workings but during such periods who carried-out out the work, who controlled it and why? In the case of the later medieval period there are some clues. Charcoal workers, known as Carbonarii, are noted throughout the 13th (1222), 14th (1371) and 15th (1496) centuries on Dartmoor and are recorded in the Medieval account rolls for Dartmoor (Fox 1994, 164). It's also possible to see that during the medieval period most likely it was the hired Welshmen who were actually carried out the Ironworking. Furthermore during this period it was most likely Dunkeswell Abbey controlled events and reacted to wider demand. During the Romano-British period however demand for iron may have been encouraged by the arrival of the Roman army, but who carried-out the work, managed the woodland, and created enough charcoal to meet demand remains unknown. This is also true for the Saxon period.


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text:
Q: Deprecated conversion from string constant to 'char*' Tengo una duda, me han pedido este programa por parte de la escuela pero a la hora de compilar me marca esta advertencia así como me muestra en pantalla un "(null)" cuando ejecuto el programa.
Aquí el código.
int leeValido(char letrero[30]);
int factorial(int numero);
float gradosRad(int x);
float calculaSerie(int x, int n);
void  imprimeResultados(int x, int n, float resultado);

int main()
{
    int numero, x, n;
    float resultado;
    char letrero[30];
    system("color 03");
    setlocale(LC_ALL, "");

    x = leeValido("\nPara x: ");
    n = leeValido("\nNúmero de iteraciones: ");
    resultado = calculaSerie(x,n);
    imprimeResultados(x, n, resultado);

    return 0;
}

int leeValido(char letrero[30])
{
    int numero;

    do
    {
        printf("%s", letrero[30]);
        scanf("%d", &numero);
    } while ((numero < 1) || (numero-numero > 0)); //no va a dejar de preguntar hasta que sea positivo

    return numero;
}

He intentado mandarla como variables separadas pero me aparecen más errores cuando lo intento.

A: printf("%s", letrero[30]);

Aquí tienes un problema y es qué no estás pasando un array, si no que estás pasando el elemento 31 del array letrero, si quieres pasar la string constante que utilizas en tu código te recomiendo que la pases como una string de c (por su referencia, en este caso el puntero a su primer elemento):
printf("%s", letrero);

De paso te recomiendo pasar de igual manera la string a tu función y declararla como:
int leeValido(char * letrero);

A: en lo que estas fallando es que estas pasando un mensaje a la funcion como si fuera un string pero tu funcion pide un solo caracter char, debes pasar el argumento char como un arreglo y usar la sentensia strcpy(destino,origen);
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

void laeer(char text[]){
    char as[30];
    strcpy(as,text);
    printf("%s",as);
}

int main(){
    char texto1[]="\nPara x: ";
    char texto2[]="\nNumero de iteraciones: ";
    laeer(texto1);
}

Haci es como debes hacer tu función y mensajes.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
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Home » News » First F-35Bs to deploy with 13th MEU
First F-35Bs to deploy with 13th MEU
An F-35B Lightning II Joint Strike Fighter taxies to be refueled on the flight deck of amphibious assault ship Wasp (LHD-1) during night operations, a part of Operational Testing 1, May, 22, 2015. (Cpl. Anne K. Henry/Marine Corps)
By: Shawn Snow
The Marine Corps' F-35B joint strike fighters will deploy on a ship with the 13th Marine Expeditionary Unit, marking the first time the fifth-generation fighters are deploying with a stateside unit, Marine officials announced Tuesday.
The F-35Bs are coming from Marine Fighter Attack Squadron VMFA 211 at Marine Corps Air Station Yuma, Arizona.
The 13th MEU is gearing up for a six-month intensive training workup before deployment aboard three different amphibious ships, and to announce the occasion, the expeditionary unit posted a video to its official social media pages to welcome the various units that comprise the MEU.
"Today the 13th MEU makes history," said Col. Chandler Nelms, the 13th MEU commanding officer, in the welcome video. "Welcome to the fighting 13th and get ready for a wild ride."
The deployment of the F35B, which can take off and land vertically on an amphibious assault ship, is a key step in the Corps' long-term plan to replace its current fleet of tactical aircraft — the F/A-18 Hornets, EA-6B Prowlers and AV-8B Harriers — with the new fifth-generation fighters by 2032.
The F-35B will be stationed on the USS Essex (LHD-2), a Wasp-class amphibious ship.
Marine Expeditionary Units deploy all over the globe for humanitarian disasters, maritime incidents and potential combat operations. Several thousand Marines take part in months of intensive training that includes scenarios from beach landings, major combat operations, to maritime interdictions and vessel searches.
The F-35 has faced numerous hurdles and comes with a hefty price tag, causing some to criticize the necessity of the fifth-generation fighter. The aircraft's deployment with the MEU will be a step forward for an aircraft that has faced extensive delays.
Navy Plan Would Deploy Carriers More Frequently
Marine Corps F-35Bs depart USS Wasp after carrier tests
PARIS: Lockheed to deliver final four IOC F-35Bs by 30 June
Marines Pound USS America's Deck With F-35Bs: VIDEOS!
USNI News Fleet and Marine Tracker: Jan. 13, 2020
Estimated $380 Billion Needed to Maintain Navy, Marine Corps Aviation Fleet in the Future
Memo reveals Pentagon again tried to decommission the carrier Truman, cut an air wing
China's Newest Aircraft Carrier Transits Taiwan Strait
No surprises as carrier enters 6th Fleet's area of operations
Flame of Hope Needs Repairs
Two years later, still no answers about what caused a fatal mishap
Royal Navy Intends HMS Queen Elizabeth to be Integrated into U.S. Carrier Operations
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Out of 5.78L houses, Ecogreen covering only 2L in Lucknow
There are around 5,78,000 houses in Lucknow, but Ecogreen is covering only two lakh houses in its door-to-door waste collection work, municipal commissioner Indramani Tripathi informed the UP Solid Waste Management Committee appointed by the National Green Tribunal (NGT).
lucknow Updated: Jun 07, 2019 15:19 IST
Anupam Srivastava
Hindustan Times, Lucknow
Garbage dump on a road at Aliganj, Lucknow.(Deepak Gupta/HT Photo)
The committee has warned Ecogreen (the company responsible for integrated solid waste management) of stern action, including heavy penalty, if it fails to fulfil its contractual obligations.
"Since last six months, we have been noticing that no effective step is being taken by the state to streamline the management of solid and biomedical waste," stated the committee.
Municipal commissioner Indramani Tripathi said Rs 1 crore has been sanctioned to Ecogreen for construction of transfer stations, but the work is being undertaken at a slow pace.
Meanwhile, Dr Savita Bhatt, director, medical care, has submitted an action plan for biomedical waste management. Twelve hospitals in the city have been instructed to comply with rules related with disposal of biomedical waste. Six of them are not taking steps to segregate biomedical waste at source, said Justice Rajendra Singh, secretary, UP Solid Waste Management Committee.
"A team of CPCB and RO UPPCB will visit these six hospitals and submit inspection report in two weeks," he added.
Principal secretary (medical and health) has been directed to enforce the action plan with immediate effect. Inspections will be undertaken in every district by a team of senior doctors, headed by the chief medical officer of the district. The team will inspect all hospitals and nursing homes, which generate biomedical waste. The team will submit reports to the director, medical care, within a month. The matter would be taken up in a meeting scheduled next month.
Ashish Tiwari, member secretary, UPPCB has submitted a report pointing out irregularities with regard to chhatta drain, KKC drain and Haider Canal including the drain coming from loco workshop. The report would be studied and be placed in the next meeting of the monitoring committee for further course of action in the matter.
First Published: Jun 07, 2019 15:19 IST
UPPCB
Ecogreen
more from lucknow


West Ham vs Leicester City predictions ahead of the clash at the Olympic Stadium in London this Saturday. Home team is looking to end their three-match losing run in the Premier League. Their opponents look to get back to winning ways. Read on to find out whether the Hammers have what it takes to end the poor patch against the Foxes on match day 34 and get the free match prediction and best betting tips.
The hosts managed to score only one goal in their last three matches. The pressure is slowly staring to build up on Manuel Pellegrini's side.
The Hammers have only managed two wins in their last seven competitive outings. It will be extremely interesting to see whether Pellegrini will be able to turn the things around in London. The schedule has been a bit tough on West Ham lately. They are coming off from matches against Everton, Chelsea and Manchester United, respectively. The hosts need to be given some credit as they lost only two of their last ten matches at home. The Leicester City game is a chance to get back up on their feet in race for top-half finish.
The visitors have endured a mixed season in the Premier League since the beginning of 2019. Having only secured a single league win in January and February, the Foxes turned the tables around.
They recorded four consecutive victories in March. This will have been an important morale boost for Brendan Rogers' side. Former Liverpool and Celtic boss stabilized the ship which resulted in Foxes climbing up to the seventh place. European football is out of reach at the moment but Foxes should be complimented for making a great return. This year has brought an emotional rollercoaster for the club which lost their beloved chairman back in October.
Matches between these two teams tend to bring plenty of excitement and are tough to predict. The reverse game earlier this season resulted in a 1-1 draw. The Hammers are unbeaten in last three encounters with the Foxes however.
The home side are facing a major injury blow. Manuel Lanzini limped off during his team's defeat to Manchester United at Old Trafford last weekend. He is likely to miss the forthcoming fixture. Lanzini appears to have injured his groin which is to keep on the sidelines all over again. The midfielder experienced a frustrating season. He only made eight appearances this campaign due to injury. The hosts will also be missing Andy Carrol, Winston Reid and Andriy Yarmolenko. Former Arsenal star Samir Nasri is also a selection doubt due to his calf problem.
The visiting team should not have major issues ahead of their trip to London. Manager Brendan Rodgers provided a positive update on Daniel Amartey who has been out of action with a broken ankle since October and his team's previous match against the Foxes. The Ghana star has yet to get back to full fitness. He could be back in contention before the end of the season however.
We should be in for an exciting game Sunday in London. Both sides are looking to get back to winning ways and end the Premier League season on a high note. The forthcoming clash is predicted to be an openly-contested affair. The hosts will be eager to dig deep and end their poor patch. Leicester are out there to avoid consecutive league defeats.
Our opinion and betting tips for the match West Ham vs Leicester Prediction: Both teams to score.
Both sides have struggled to keep a clean sheet of late. The home outfit shipping in six goals in their last three matches. The visitors only managed to keep their nets still in one of their last 13 Premier League matches. This provides with enough substance behind our free betting tip for this match.


text:
Q: Easiest way to create indicator variables for changes in time series in R I have a 14 million row dataset of products, tariff rates, trade volumes, and year-month combinations in the following format:
df <- as.data.frame(matrix(c(1220, "2013-1", 10011900, 29307, .1,
                   1220, "2013-2", 10011900, 28202, .1,
                   1220, "2013-3", 10011900, 22383, .15,
                   1220, "2013-4", 10011900, 21303, .15,
                   1220, "2013-5", 10011900, 21201, .15,
                   1220, "2013-1", 10019900, 9960, .12,
                   1220, "2013-2", 10019900, 10043, .12,
                   1220, "2013-3", 10019900, 11001, .1,
                   1220, "2013-4", 10019900, 10997, .1,
                   1220, "2013-5", 10019900, 12038, .1),
                 ncol = 5, byrow = T))
colnames(df) <- c("country", "date", "product", "value", "rate" )

I'm trying to add a column to the data such that I'll be able to use to create a set of indicator variables marking how many months before / after a change in the tariff rate occurred. So, the above would look like this:
df_transformed <- as.dataframe(matrix(c(1220, "2013-1", 10011900, 29307, .1, -2,
                                        1220, "2013-2", 10011900, 28202, .1, -1,
                                        1220, "2013-3", 10011900, 22383, .15, 0,
                                        1220, "2013-4", 10011900, 21303, .15, 1,
                                        1220, "2013-5", 10011900, 21201, .15, 2,
                                        1220, "2013-1", 10019900, 9960, .12, -2,
                                        1220, "2013-2", 10019900, 10043, .12, -1,
                                        1220, "2013-3", 10019900, 11001, .1, 0,
                                        1220, "2013-4", 10019900, 10997, .1, 1,
                                        1220, "2013-5", 10019900, 12038, .1, 2)))
colnames(df_transformed) <- c("country", "date", "product", "value", "rate", "months_since_change")

I'm not sure how to best find when the tariff variable changes and create a new column based on that.
Thanks for the help!