text:
Public services initiative fails by surprisingly large margin
Swiss Post, including its yellow postal buses, is one of the biggest public service companies Keystone
An initiative aimed at boosting public services, and limiting the salaries of top executives at state-owned companies, has been rejected by a clear majority of voters and all cantons.
This content was published on June 5, 2016 - 16:30 June 5, 2016 - 16:30
Matthew Allen
When not covering fintech, cryptocurrencies, blockchain, banks and trade, swissinfo.ch's business correspondent can be found playing cricket on various grounds in Switzerland - including the frozen lake of St Moritz.
More from this author | English Department
Urs Geiser
Worked in radio and newspaper journalism, as well as teaching and tourism before joining swissinfo.ch's predecessor Swiss Radio International in the 1980s. He reports from parliament, and focuses on direct democracy issues.
Matthew Allen and Urs Geiser
Opinion polls before the vote had suggested a tight result. It would have needed both an outright majority of votes nationally and a majority of cantons to support it in order to succeed.
Final results show the initiative was rejected by more than two out of three voters.
Transport Minister Doris Leuthard said the vote was a thumbs up from the Swiss people for the public services which "function well". However, she recognised that there are some concerns that need addressing.
"People have high expectations," Leuthard added. "We will take this seriously. We want to make sure that in future the Swiss people receive the best public services in the world."
Despite losing the vote, Peter Salvisberg of the initiative's organising committee said it had succeeded in contributing to an important public debate despite a "propaganda" campaign being waged against it. "For too long politicians have looked the other way," he said.
Another of the initiative's promoters, Matteo Cheda, said he would consider a fresh initiative to curb excessive roaming charges from Swisscom.
Claude Longchamp, director of the leading GfS Bern research and polling institute, believes the debate on public services will not go away despite the initiative being rejected. He told Swiss public television, SRF, that calls for more competition and better prices would continue.
The Swiss Business Federation, economiesuisse, celebrated the result, saying the success of Switzerland's public services are "above all the result of progressive liberalisation over the last 20 years".
The initiative had been launched by four consumer magazines following complaints about perceived dropping standards notably by the Federal Railways, the Post Office and the Swisscom telecom provider.
The companies, with about 117,000 employees, have come under pressure in a partly liberalised market over the years.
The initiative wanted to ban basic service providers from seeking to make a profit and effectively calls for an end to cross-subsidies.
It also aimed at ensuring that top salaries and fees of their senior managers do not exceed those of employees of the federal administration, including government ministers.
Opponents of the initiative, which included both houses of parliament, had argued that the stated aim of the initiative was counterproductive as it could have jeopardised the future of these companies.
A global stress test for freedom of expression
One of democracy's fundamental pillars is under attack, and under scrutiny, across the world.
Transport Minister Doris Leuthard had warned that limiting the entrepreneurial freedom of public sector firms could have led to lower revenue and further weaken services across the country.
It had also faced broad opposition by all major political parties, the government as well as the business community and the trade unions.
Result box vote June 5
Basic income initiative:
23.1% yes 76.9.% no
Asylum reform:
66.8% yes 33.2% no
Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis:
Public service companies:
Road traffic funding:
Turnout: 46.4%
Federal Chancellery
Communications Ministry
Vote June 6, 2016 - Federal Statistics Office (German, French)
GfS Bern research and polling institute - Vote June 6, 2016 (German)
Pro Public Service initiative committee (German, French, Italian)
Public services in voter spotlight
This content was published on Apr 26, 2016 Apr 26, 2016 Public services like the Swiss Federal Railways and Swiss Post are the subject of a nationwide vote on June 5. The consumer magazines behind the...
Public sector worker pay under the microscope
This content was published on May 18, 2016 May 18, 2016 More than 8,000 state-owned public service workers are "overpaid", according to research that tests the possible impact of a Swiss people's...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Welcome to Parkland School District.
To register your child(ren) at any of our schools, you must make a registration appointment by calling the appropriate school.
Please note: Parkland has redistricted all eight elementary school sending area boundaries for the start of the 2016-17 school year. To find out which school your child will attend, click on our convenient SCHOOL LOCATOR TOOL.
Kindergarten/New First Grade Student Registration occurs in March of the prior year. A child entering Parkland kindergarten must be five years old prior to September 1st of the current year to register for kindergarten.
For students entering Parkland High School who are hailing from parochial/private schools who will be new to the District in the fall, registration occurs during the last week in February. Please call the appropriate number below to schedule a time to meet with us.
Parents who would like to make a registration appointment for next year or the current year should call Parkland High School at 610-351-5610 Ext. 73432 and ask for Mrs. Kris Chenworth, Registrar, or email chenworthk@parklandsd.org.
If a registrant is not the owner or lessee of the property, a Multiple Occupancy form must be acquired from the school district, completed and notarized. In the case of a student who is registered by someone other than his/her parent, documentation of guardianship must also be provided.
In conjunction with Pennsylvania and Parkland School District Graduation Requirements, copies of school records are required at the time of registration!
NOTE: Parkland will request official records after registration. Please be advised that you must bring copies of UNOFFICIAL school information to the registration meeting!
Complete registration packets are available at each school building.
Forms that can be completed before your registration appointment are listed below.


text:
Volume 62, Issue suppl 2
Comparison of the efficacy of the tumour necrosis factor α blocking agents adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab when added to methotrexate in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis
Clinical aspects
M C Hochberg,
J K Tracy,
M Hawkins-Holt,
R H Flores
Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
Dr M C Hochberg, 10 S Pine St, MSTF 8-34, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA;
mhochber{at}umaryland.edu
Objective: To determine, using the method of adjusted indirect comparisons, whether there are differences in efficacy of tumour necrosis factor (TNFα) blocking agents, as measured by the rate ratios for American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 20, 50, and 70 responses, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with an incomplete response to methotrexate.
Methods: A systematic review was performed to identify placebo controlled trials of 24–30 weeks' duration of combination therapy that used a step-up approach with the addition of TNFα blocking agents to methotrexate. The method of "adjusted indirect comparisons" was used to compare results across trials to determine the relative risk for an ACR20 or 50 response.
Results: Placebo controlled trials for adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab provided data on ACR20 and 50 responses. Both the similarity of demographic and disease characteristics of patients at entry, and the homogeneity of response rates in the placebo groups across trials, suggested that comparing results across trials was valid. The relative risk for obtaining an ACR20 and 50 response derived from the adjusted indirect comparisons of the TNFα blocking agents did not significantly differ from unity.
Conclusion: The analysis showed that the three currently marketed TNFα blocking agents have similarly efficacy when added to methotrexate in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis with active disease.
tumour necrosis factor α
infliximab
ACR, American College of Rheumatology
CI, confidence interval
DMARD, disease modifying antirheumatic drug
NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
RA, rheumatoid arthritis
RR, rate ratio
TNFα, tumour necrosis factor α
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.62.suppl_2.ii13
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common disease affecting about 1% of adults aged 35 and above and over 2% of adults aged 60 and above in the United States.1,2 Treatment of patients with RA involves a multidisciplinary approach with patient education, physical and occupational therapy, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs).3 Methotrexate is presently the preferred DMARD for patients with active RA because of its documented short term efficacy in placebo controlled clinical trials and long term effectiveness in clinical practice.4–7 Despite this, many patients fail to enter remission and continue to have signs and symptoms of active disease while taking a maximally tolerated dose. Therapeutic options in such situations include switching patients from oral to parenteral methotrexate,8 stopping methotrexate and starting another DMARD, or continuing methotrexate and adding another agent (for example, another DMARD or a tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) blocking agent). This last approach is one form of combination therapy referred to as the "step-up" strategy.9 We previously reported a systematic review of randomised placebo controlled trials of the "step-up" strategy in patients with active RA who were receiving maximally tolerated doses of methotrexate and found that the proportion of patients with American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 20 responses did not significantly differ between patients receiving cyclosporin, etanercept, infliximab, or leflunomide.10 Since that analysis was performed, data from the clinical development programme of adalimumab, a human derived recombinant monoclonal antibody to TNFα, were submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration,11,12 and adalimumab was approved for use in the United States as well as within the European Union. Herein, we report the results of analyses that indirectly compare the efficacy of the three approved TNFα blocking agents, adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab, when added to methotrexate in patients with RA with an incomplete response to methotrexate.
The methods of the literature review were published previously.10 For the purposes of this paper we updated the review to include articles identified in a new Medline search up to the end of December 2002 and abstracts from the 2001 and 2002 annual meetings of the American College of Rheumatology and European League Against Rheumatism. In addition, we reviewed the Humira (adalimumab) briefing package submitted to the Food and Drug Administration Arthritis Advisory Committee on 4 February 2003 (http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/03/briefing/3930B1_02_A-Abbott-Humira.pdf).
Placebo controlled, double blind, randomised clinical trials of at least 24 weeks' duration were selected for inclusion in this analysis. Data extracted included baseline patient characteristics (age, sex, race, duration of RA, proportion rheumatoid factor positive), concomitant treatment (use of NSAIDs and glucocorticoids), study treatment (study drug and regimen, methotrexate dose and duration), eligibility criteria (definition of active disease), baseline values for the WHO/ILAR core set variables (number of painful/tender joints, number of swollen joints, pain scores, patient and global assessment of disease activity, acute phase reactants and physical disability scores),13 and outcome measures (ACR20, 50, and 70) at either the end of trial or 24–30 weeks' duration if the trial lasted for 52 weeks.14,15
The rate ratio (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) for patients achieving an ACR20 and 50 response for the active treatment group compared with placebo was calculated for each of the three TNFα blocking agents. When there was more than one informative placebo controlled trial for a given agent, data were combined across the trials using the Mantel-Cochrane-Haenszel technique to give a more stable estimate of the RR.16 The proportion of patients randomly allocated to receive placebo who achieved an ACR20, 50, or 70 response was compared across treatments using a χ2 test; for this calculation, Yates's correction was used when the number of placebo treated patients achieving an outcome was five or fewer in any of the trials. The comparison of the three TNF blocking agents with each other was performed using the method of adjusted indirect comparisons as described by Bucher and colleagues17 and Song and colleagues.18 All analyses were performed using EpiCalc 2000, version 1.02 (Gilman J and Myatt M, Brixton Books, 1998).
We identified four double blind, placebo controlled, randomised clinical trials that examined the addition of TNF blocking agents to methotrexate in a "step-up" strategy in patients with active RA.19–23 Two articles reported results from the same trial adding infliximab to methotrexate19,20; only data from the article reporting results after 30 weeks of treatment was included in this analysis. Data from the phase III randomised placebo controlled trial of adalimumab in patients with active RA despite receiving methotrexate treatment were presented at the ACR meeting in 200223; the data in the Humira briefing document for ACR response rates at 24 weeks were abstracted for the purpose of this review.
Table 1 shows the demographic and disease characteristics of the patients enrolled in the five studies. On average, patients were middle-aged with a mean or median age in the sixth decade, and predominantly white women who were rheumatoid factor positive and had disease duration of about 10 years. All were receiving stable doses of methotrexate; mean or median weekly doses ranged from 16 to 19 mg a week.
Characteristics of patients enrolled in placebo controlled, double blind, randomised controlled trials of the addition of tumour necrosis factor α blocking agents to methotrexate in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis
Study descriptions
Maini and colleagues added infliximab at four different dosage regimens, or placebo by intravenous infusion, to 428 patients with RA who had been receiving oral or parenteral methotrexate for at least three months and a stable dose of at least 12.5 mg/week for at least four weeks. All patients had active disease defined as six or more swollen and tender joints together with two of the following: morning stiffness of at least 45 minutes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate greater than 28 mm/1st h, and C reactive protein greater than 20 mg/l.19 The median weekly dose of methotrexate was 15 mg and 72% of patients were receiving at least 15 mg/week; there was no significant difference in methotrexate dose or duration of treatment across treatment groups. As there were no significant differences either in baseline variables or in the proportion of patients with an ACR20 response after 30 weeks of treatment between the four infliximab treatment groups, data from these four groups were pooled for the purposes of the present analysis. Thirty five of 88 patients treated with placebo treated and 47 of 293 treated with infliximab failed to complete 30 weeks of treatment.
Weinblatt and colleagues added etanercept at a dose of 25 mg, or placebo injected subcutaneously twice weekly, to 89 patients with RA who had been receiving methotrexate for at least six months and a stable dose of 15–25 mg/week for the last four weeks, and had active disease manifest by at least six joints that were swollen and six that were tender at the time of enrolment.21 The mean weekly dose of methotrexate at entry was 18 mg in the placebo group and 19 mg in the etanercept group. Six of 30 patients treated with placebo and only 2 of 59 treated with etanercept failed to complete 24 weeks of treatment.
Weinblatt and colleagues added adalimumab at a dose of 20, 40, or 80 mg every other week or placebo by subcutaneous injection to 271 patients with RA who had been receiving methotrexate at their maximal tolerated dose of between 12.5 and 25 mg/week for at least six months and a stable dose for at least four weeks, and had active disease defined by the presence of nine or more tender joints and six or more swollen joints.22 The mean weekly dose of methotrexate at entry was 16.5 mg in the placebo group and 16.4 mg in the group receiving adalimumab 40 mg every other week. Only data from patients randomly allocated to receive placebo or adalimumab 40 mg every other week were abstracted for the purpose of this analysis.
Keystone and colleagues added adalimumab at a dose of 20 mg weekly or 40 mg every other week or placebo by subcutaneous injection to 619 patients with RA who had been receiving methotrexate at their maximal tolerated dose for at least three months and a stable dose for at least four weeks, and had active disease defined by the presence of nine or more tender joints, six or more swollen joints, and a C reactive protein level of 10 mg/l or greater.23 The mean weekly dose of methotrexate at entry was 16.7 mg in both the placebo group and the group receiving adalimumab 40 mg every other week. Only data from patients randomly allocated to receive placebo or adalimumab 40 mg every other week were abstracted for the purpose of this analysis.
ACR20, 50 and 70 responses in the placebo groups
The proportion of patients with an incomplete response to methotrexate who were randomly allocated to receive placebo and completed 24–30 weeks of treatment and obtained an ACR20, 50, and 70 response varied from 20 to 30%, 3 to 10%, and 0 to 3%, respectively; none of the differences across the studies reached statistical significance (data not shown).
Adjusted indirect comparisons of TNFα blocking agents
Table 2 shows the RRs and 95% CIs for the adjusted indirect comparisons of the TNFα blocking agents. The RRs for achieving an ACR20 response all clustered about unity, suggesting no difference in efficacy between the TNFα blocking agents for this outcome. The RRs for achieving an ACR50 response suggested that etanercept might be more efficacious than both adalimumab and infliximab; however, the 95% CIs of each were wide and included unity. As none of the patients randomly allocated to receive placebo in the trials of etanercept or infliximab achieved an ACR70 response, we were unable to calculate RRs for these agents and perform adjusted indirect comparisons with adalimumab for this outcome.
Adjusted indirect comparisons of the efficacy of TNFα blocking agents in placebo controlled, randomised, double blind trials in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis with an incomplete response to methotrexate
TNFα blocking agents are currently indicated for the treatment of patients with active RA after an adequate trial of a DMARD, most commonly methotrexate.24 The results of the present analysis suggest that in patients with an incomplete response to methotrexate the addition of either adalimumab, etanercept, or infliximab is associated with a comparable response as defined by the ACR20 or 50 responder index after 24–30 weeks of combination therapy. These findings update and extend the results of our earlier analysis that was limited to etanercept and infliximab and used different methodology.10
Although the TNFα blocking agents differ in chemical structure and specific mechanism of action, they are generally recognised to comprise a new class of biological agents based on their similar pharmacological effects. The practising rheumatologist is thus faced with a situation where he/she has to choose between three products that have all been shown to improve the signs and symptoms and inhibit the progression of structural joint damage in patients with active RA. McAlister and colleagues suggested an approach to this dilemma based on a hierarchy of evidence.25 They defined four levels of evidence, the highest being provided by "head-to-head" randomised clinical trials that directly compared clinically important outcomes for two or more drugs of interest. The major limitation to the conduct of such trials is the large sample size required to demonstrate either differences between, or equivalence of, the treatments on a clinically important outcome. In the absence of such direct "head-to-head" comparisons, they noted that the second highest level of evidence was provided by indirect comparisons of the treatments using the method outlined by Bucher and colleagues.17
Bucher and colleagues developed a model for making adjusted indirect comparisons of the magnitude of treatment effects that produces an unbiased estimate of the relative efficacy of the treatments. This method preserves the randomisation of the original treatment groups and allows the comparison of the magnitude of the treatment effect in comparison with a placebo group in the randomised trials; it is thus better than a simple indirect comparison of treatment effects across trials that do not consider the placebo response within each trial. The authors did note that there were several assumptions that should be fulfilled in order to support the inferences drawn from these comparisons, including similarity of methodology in trial design and measurement of clinically important outcomes, and consistency of treatment effect in different subgroups of patients. Inherent limitations to the inferences drawn from adjusted indirect comparisons, particularly because of wider confidence intervals due to greater variance from lower efficiency, occur even in the absence of any systematic bias.
Song and colleagues recently examined the validity of adjusted indirect comparisons by using data from published meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials.18 They identified 28 systematic reviews that provided data allowing a total of 44 comparisons between direct and adjusted indirect comparisons of competing interventions. Significant discrepancies were noted in only three of the 44 comparisons; only one of these was felt to be of clinical importance and was explained by differences in dosage of the treatments used in the studies for the indirect comparison. The direct comparisons were more likely to show significant differences between treatments than the adjusted indirect comparisons; indeed, of 19 direct comparisons that showed significant differences between treatments, 10 adjusted indirect comparisons were no longer significant. This is consistent with the lower precision in the adjusted indirect comparison. These authors felt that adjusted indirect comparisons were useful when there was no direct evidence to compare competing interventions.
We examined the assumptions required to allow the comparison of outcomes of different placebo controlled, double blind, randomised clinical trials.17 Firstly, one assumes that the samples of patients in the different trials are drawn from the same population of patients. The validity of this assumption can be assessed in part by examining the demographic and baseline clinical variables of the patients enrolled in the trials (table 1). The median age of patients was similar and ranged from 50 to 55 years. The majority of patients enrolled in these trials were white women. The mean or median duration of disease was also similar and ranged from 8 to 13 years. Although there were subtle differences in the definition of active disease across trials, the mean or median number of painful/tender joints and swollen joints was also similar across trials, ranging from 28 to 30 and 17 to 20, respectively. Mean or median doses of methotrexate were similar across the trials. Other parameters of disease activity included in the WHO/ILAR core set were also similar across trials (see also Fleischmann26; Dayer and Matteson27). Thus, it appears that the patients enrolled in these trials had comparable demographic and clinical features at baseline.
Another method of assessing the validity of this assumption is to compare the proportion of patients randomly allocated to receive placebo who develop the study outcome. Indeed, the proportion of patients randomly allocated to receive placebo who completed the 24–30 weeks of the trials and developed an ACR20, 50, and 70 response was statistically comparable with an overall proportion of 25, 8, and 2%, respectively. Thus, it appears that the patients enrolled in these different trials were similar to one another, allowing reasonable inferences from the comparison of these data to the extent that can be drawn from the published reports.
The conclusions of this analysis may be limited by the use of the ACR20 and 50 responder index as the study outcomes. The ACR20 responder index was originally developed to differentiate active DMARDs from placebo.14 All the agents tested in patients with an inadequate response to methotrexate in the placebo controlled trials and included in the present analysis were significantly better than placebo in patients with an inadequate response to methotrexate. The ACR20 response, however, may not be sensitive enough to differentiate between two or more active agents. Indeed, when examining the ACR50 response, there was a suggestion that etanercept might be more efficacious than the other TNFα blocking agents, although the rate ratios were not statistically significant because of wide confidence intervals, attributable to the small numbers of subjects enrolled in the etanercept trial. If direct comparisons are to be performed between TNFα blocking agents, the ACR50 or 70 responder index should be considered as the primary outcome rather than the ACR20.
Decisions about the choice of treatment include not only efficacy but also safety and tolerability, route of administration, and costs and availability of insurance coverage for reimbursement of treatment expenses. With regard to safety and tolerability, it appears that patients randomly allocated to receive either adalimumab or etanercept did not have a significantly greater proportion of withdrawals than patients randomly allocated to receive placebo in the trials examined in this analysis. Recent attention, however, has been focused on rare adverse events with TNFα blocking agents, particularly serious infections, mycobacterial and other opportunistic infections, malignancy including lymphoma, congestive heart failure, and demyelinating disease with etanercept.28,29 Readers should closely review product inserts for complete data on adverse effects of these agents when used either individually or in combination with methotrexate.
Finally, the results of this analysis provide strong evidence for several alternatives for the patient with RA who has had an inadequate response to methotrexate therapy. Long term observational studies using patient registries are needed to examine the long term effectiveness and safety of these combinations.
Gabriel SE. The epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am2001;27:269–81.
Rasch EK, Hirsch R, Faulose-Ram R, Hochberg MC. Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in persons 60 years of age and older in the United States: effect of different methods of case classification. Arthritis Rheum2003;48:917–26.
ACR. American College of Rheumatology Subcommittee on Rheumatoid Arthritis Guidelines. Guidelines for the management of rheumatoid arthritis: 2002 update. Arthritis Rheum2002;46:328–46.
Weinblatt ME, Coblyn JS, Fox DA, Fraser PA, Holdsworth DE, Glass DN, et al. Efficacy of low-dose methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med1985;312:818–22.
Williams HJ, Wilkens RF, Samuelson CO Jr, Alarcon GS, Guttadauria M, Yarboro C, et al. Efficacy of low-dose oral pulse methotrexate and placebo in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a controlled clinical trial. Arthritis Rheum1985;28:721–30.
Kremer JM. Safety, efficacy, and mortality in a long-term cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis taking methotrexate: followup after a mean of 13.3 years. Arthritis Rheum1997;40:984–5.
Weinblatt ME, Maier AL, Fraser PA, Coblyn JS. Long-term prospective study of methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis: conclusion after 132 months of therapy. J Rheumatol1998;25:238–42.
Osman A, Mulherin D. Is parenteral methotrexate worth trying? Ann Rheum Dis2001;60:432.
Verhoeven AC, Boers M, Tugwell P. Combination therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: updated systematic review. Br J Rheumatol1998;37:612–19.
Hochberg MC, Tracy JK, Flores RH. "Stepping-up" from methotrexate: a systematic review of randomized placebo-controlled trials in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis with an incomplete response to methotrexate. Ann Rheum Dis2001;60(suppl III):iii51–4.
Rau R. Adalimumab (a fully human anti-tumor necrosis factor α monoclonal antibody) in the treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis: the initial results of five trials. Ann Rheum Dis2002;61(uppl II):ii70–3.
Abbott Laboratories. HumiraTM (adalimumab). Product information. North Chicago, IL, USA: Abbott Laboratories, December 2002.
Boers M, Tugwell P, Felson DT, van Riel P, Kirwan J, Edmonds J, et al. World Health Organization and International League for Associations of Rheumatology core endpoints for symptom modifying antirheumatoid drugs in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials. J Rheumatol1994;21(suppl 41):86–9.
OpenUrlWeb of Science
Felson DT, Anderson JJ, Boers M, Bombardier C, Chernoff M, Fried B, et al. The American College of Rheumatology preliminary core set of disease activity measures for rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials. Arthritis Rheum1993;36:729–40.
Felson DT, Anderson JJ, Lange MLM, Wells G, LaValley MP. Should improvement in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials be defined as fifty percent or seventy percent improvement in core set measures rather than twenty percent? Arthritis Rheum1998;41:1564–70.
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Maini R, St Clair EW, Breedveld F, Furst D, Kalden J, Weisman M, et al. Infliximab (chimeric anti-tumour necrosis factor α monoclonal antibody) versus placebo in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving concomitant methotrexate: a randomised phase III trial. Lancet1999;354:1932–9.
Lipsky PE, van der Heijde DMFM, St Clair EW, Furst DE, Breedveld FC, Kalden JR, et al. Infliximab and methotrexate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med2000;343:1594–602.
Weinblatt ME, Kremer JM, Bankhurst AD, Bulpitt KJ, Fleischmann RM, Fox RI, et al. A trial of etanercept, a recombinant tumor necrosis factor receptor: Fc fusion protein, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving methotrexate. N Engl J Med1999;340:253–9.
Weinblatt ME, Keystone EC, Furst DE, Moreland LW, Weisman MH, Birbara CA, et al. Adalimumab, a fully humanized anti-tumor necrosis factor α monoclonal antibody, for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in patients taking concomitant methotrexate. Arthritis Rheum2003;48:35–45.
Keystone E, Kavanaugh AF, Sharp J, Hua Y, Teoh L, Firschkoff S, et al. Adalimumab (D2E7), a fully human anti-TNF-a monoclonal antibody, inhibits the progression of structural joint damage in patients with active RA despite concomitant methotrexate therapy [abstract]. Arthritis Rheum2002;46(suppl):S205 (abstract 468).
Furst DE, Breedveld FC, Kalden JR, Smolen JS, Antoni CE, Biljsma JWJ, et al. Updated consensus statement on biological agents for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic diseases (May 2002). Ann Rheum Dis2002;61(suppl II):ii2–7.
McAlister FA, Laupacis A, Wells GA, Sackett DL, for the Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. Users' guide to the medical literature XIX. Applying clinical trial results. B. guidelines for determining whether a drug is exerting (more than) a class effect. JAMA1999;282:1371–7.
Fleischmann RM. Examining the efficacy of biologic therapy: are there real differences? J Rheumatol2002;29(suppl 65):27–32.
Dayer J-M, Bresnihan B. Targeting interleukin-1 in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum2002;46:574–8.
Cush JJ, Matteson E. FDA Advisory Committee reviews safety of TNF inhibitors. American College of Rheumatology Hotline, September 2001 (available at http://www.rheumatology.org/research/hotline/0901tnf.html).
Cush JJ, Kavanaugh A. FDA Meeting March 2003: update on the safety of new drugs for rheumatoid arthritis. American College of Rheumatology Hotline, March 2003 (available at http://www.rheumatology.org/research/hotline/0303TNFL.htm).


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Located on St. Croix River. 90 slips. Marina-wide Wi-Fi.
Stillwater Marina, Stillwater, MN
Stillwater Marina/Mulberry Point Yacht Harbor is a 120 slip marina on the St. Croix River. Wi-Fi is installed throughout the marina.
St. Paul Yacht Club, St. Paul, MN
St. Paul Yacht Club consists of two large marinas on the Mississippi River. Wi-Fi is installed at both the Upper & Lower Harbors or the marina, point-to-point for gas dock POS & surveillance, and club house Wi-Fi & surveillance.
Excelsior Bay Harbor, Excelsior, MN
Located on Lake Minnetonka. 93 slips. Marina-wide Wi-Fi, medications Webcam, & 350ft underground cable run & connection for surveillance system.
St. Croix Marina, Hudson, WI
Located on St. Croix River. 275 slips. Marina-wide Wi-Fi installation.
Pike's Bay Marina, Bayfield, WI
Pike's Bay Marina is a 208 slip marina on Lake Superior in northern Wisconsin. Service implemented: Marina-wide Wi-Fi system.
BLUE HORIZON WI-FI
Blue Horizon Wi-Fi is a full service wireless consulting company. Our mission is to provide you and your customers with technology capabilities that can meet all of your business needs.
Marinas 01.06.2016
Housing 01.06.2016
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All Of ZHEM seems pretty intresting. Thanks for the suggestion!
How do we mine and get copper and stuff?
Those games seem pretty cool! I'll check em out. Thanks!
Dasius, could you make it so WE (The Players) could equip weapons and battle? (I would love for there to be monsters in the cave) Also I would love to see an arena and armor crafting!
My Little Blacksmith Shop community · Posted in A road map of future features to be added!
Ninja, will the game on steam be free or paid?
My Little Blacksmith Shop community · Replied to NINJA in A road map of future features to be added!
By that I mean using controllers.
Hello! I am pretty new to the itch community and I would like you all to recommend any game free or not. I have found some good games that you can see in a collection on my profile. Would appreciate any recommendation.
Is My Little Blacksmith Shop Canceled?
Can you make it so you can play with friends localy? Thanks!


text:
Citerne (picardisch: Chitèrne) ist eine nordfranzösische Gemeinde mit  Einwohnern (Stand ) im Département Somme in der Region Hauts-de-France. Die Gemeinde liegt im Arrondissement Abbeville und ist Teil der Communauté d'agglomération de la Baie de Somme und des Kantons Gamaches.

Geographie
Die Gemeinde liegt fünf Kilometer westlich von Hallencourt. Zu Citerne gehören der Weiler Yonville und die südlich von diesem gelegene Mühle Moulin Bouly. Das Gemeindegebiet liegt im Regionalen Naturpark Baie de Somme Picardie Maritime.

Geschichte
In Citerne wurden Spuren einer großen gallo-römischen Villa gefunden.

Einwohner

Sehenswürdigkeiten
 Kirche Saint-Pierre aus dem 16. Jahrhundert
 Schloss mit Park im Osten der Gemeinde
 Überreste der achteckigen Windmühle Moulin Bouly (oder Moulin d'Yonville) aus dem Jahr 1860 (1994 als Monument historique eingetragen (Base Mérimée PA00132920))
 Kriegerdenkmal

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

Ort in Hauts-de-France

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


It's Saturday and I'm still at the National Collegiate Cyber Defense Competition. So while we reveal our plans to the 10 top student teams competing here, get your coffee or tea ready for this weeks reading to keep your own intruders out. Time for more links to make you think in this weeks Saturday Reading!
We also talked a bit about the National Collegiate Cyber Defense Competition where I am currently leading the red team before I had to run back to the fun! Also no audio issues!
2. Mari DeGrazia is back with a new post this week on parsing thunderbird archives, http://az4n6.blogspot.com/2014/04/whats-word-thunderbird-parser-that-is.html.
3. Chad Tilbury has a new post on Forensic Methods all about getting to know your web logs, http://forensicmethods.com/webshell-log-analysis.
4. Yogesh Katri has a new post up all about additional locations where Windows 8.1 stores search history, http://www.swiftforensics.com/2014/04/search-history-on-windows-81-part-2.html. Going beyond lnk files to event logs and cache files.
5. Jake Williams has a new post up taking about how to get Sift 3.0 running in an Amazon EC2 instance, http://malwarejake.blogspot.com/2014/04/sift-in-ec2.html.
6. Brian Moran has a new post up all about geolocating a devices past history, and its not a mobile phone. http://brimorlabs.blogspot.com/2014/04/you-dont-know-where-that-device-has-been.html.
7. Dave Hull has a new post up talking about the release of a new windows response tool he's preparing for his talk at the DFIR Summit, http://trustedsignal.blogspot.com/2014/04/kansa-modular-live-response-tool-for.html.


Perfect in every way! Located in Lakeside Estates & across from Brannen Lake, this beautiful two-storey design home will captivate you.Spacious 5 beds & family room. From the moment you enter into the bright foyer with it's vaulted ceilings you'll feel the calming effect of this lovely home. Step into the living room and enjoy the feature gas fireplace. Light wood floors flow through the main level. An open dining room joins the dream kitchen featuring jet granite counters & real wood cabinets,fantastic new stainless dual fuel stove with gas cooktop,stainless fridge with ice & water dispensers & lower freezer drawer, centre island, modern light fixtures,subway tile back splash & a breakfast nook. There's also a den/bedroom, 2-pc bath & laundry. Large upper level with 4 bdrms, 2 baths & lake view family room. Big master bedrm, 2 closets, heated tile floors & double shower in 3pc ensuite Quiet & peaceful setting, friendly neighbourhood, perfect for walking & close to all shopping.


text:
Q: Changing maximum file size of vhds I am native booting into vhd files. While creating the parent vhd file I set the maximum file size to 50GB however I never install so many applications. 20GB maximum will be enough for me but I want to change this setting on existing parent vhd file as I don't want to go through installing the OS from scratch into a new vhd. Is that possible?

A: it is possible:
see: http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/vhdtool
and
How do I change the size of a VHD?

A: Is this what your looking for ?
There's more here too.

A: if you plan to utilize this server for long then 20gigs won't be big enough due to issues with the winsxs growth..  Other then that you need to mount the physical disk to another w2k8r2 or win7 device then mount the vhd then run the vhd resizer tool!  Or if you have multiple boot selections boot to another os then mount the vhd file then resize.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
O Tribunal de Justiça da Paraíba, também conhecido pelo acrônimo TJPB, é o órgão máximo do Poder judiciário do estado brasileiro da Paraíba, com sede na capital paraibana, João Pessoa, tem jurisdição em todo o território estadual. O TJPB é composto por 19 desembargadores.

História
Criado a 30 de setembro de 1891, pelo Decreto n°. 69, o Superior Tribunal de Justiça, pelo mesmo decreto foi designado o dia 15 de outubro daquele ano para sua instalação. A 9 de outubro, o Governador Venâncio Neiva nomeava os Desembargadores e demais integrantes da Magistratura paraibana.

Composição
Esta é a sua atual composição de desembargadores:

Des. Márcio Murilo da Cunha Ramos (Presidente)
Des. Arnóbio Alves Teodósio (Vice-presidente)
Des. Romero Marcelo da Fonseca Oliveira (Corregedor-geral de Justiça)
Des. Luiz Silvio Ramalho Junior
Des. Abraham Lincoln da Cunha Ramos
Desª. Maria de Fátima Moraes Bezerra Cavalcanti
Des. Saulo Henriques de Sá e Benevides
Des. Marcos Cavalcanti de Albuquerque (Presidente da Esma)
Des. Joás de Brito Pereira Filho
Des. João Benedito da Silva
Des. João Alves da Silva
Des. Frederico Martinho da Nóbrega Coutinho
Des. José Ricardo Porto
Des. Carlos Martins Beltrão Filho
Desª. Maria das Gracas Morais Guedes
Des. Leandro dos Santos
Des. José  Aurélio da Cruz
Des. Oswaldo Trigueiro do Valle Filho
Des. Ricardo Vital de Almeida

Ver também
 Palácio da Justiça (João Pessoa)
 Tribunal de Justiça
 Superior Tribunal de Justiça
 Supremo Tribunal Federal

Ligações externas
 Página oficial

Tribunais do Brasil
Governo da Paraíba


text:
Virginia Baseball Records 5-0 Shutout Victory Over Maryland
COLLEGE PARK, Md. – The University of Virginia baseball team road the arm ofstarting pitcher Jeff Kamrath and added some timely hitting as the Cavaliersposted a 5-0 victory over the Maryland Terrapins this evening at ShipleyField. Kamrath pitched a complete game shutout, Dan Street finished 3-for-4at the plate with three RBI and David Stone scored three runs after reachingbase five times to highlight UVa's victory.
Virginia jumped out to an early 1-0 lead in the top of the first inning whenStone led the game off with a walk and scored a run two batters later whenD. Street connected with a RBI-single through the left side. The Cavaliersheld on to their one-run lead all the way until the top of the eighth inningbefore Stone scored another run on a RBI-single by Mark Reynolds to give UVaa 2-0 advantage.
Virginia broke the game wide open in the top of the ninth inning and took acommanding 5-0 lead when D. Street hit a bases loaded singled up the middle(coupled with a Terrapin error) to score three runs, driving in Chris Sweet,Stone and Matt Street.
UVa's Kamrath (5-2) went the distance (nine innings) on the mound to pick upthe win and allowed zero runs on just four hits while striking out fivebatters. The Terrapins' Chris Clem (1-2) went six solid innings andsurrendered one run on five hits to go along with a game-high sevenstrikeouts.
With the victory, Virginia's record improves to 17-14 overall, 6-4 in theACC. The loss drops Maryland's record to 19-10 overall, 0-7 in theconference.
The Cavaliers and Terrapins will return to action on Saturday. April 6thwhen Virginia and Maryland play the second contest in the three-game weekendseries. The game is scheduled to begin at 1:00 p.m. and will be played atShipley Field.


Wednesday in Superstock Investor we note that, "Retail is now hated". Home Depot (HD) had not fallen with other retailers. The stock beat earnings estimates on Tuesday. So the $64,000 question was it at peak valuation?
Clearly, this name is at peak valuation.


Watch the Super Bowl on the big screens at the Union.
The Sett at Union South and Der Rathskeller in Memorial Union are always a great place to catch the big game.
Join in the fun and cheer on your favorite Super Bowl LIII team.
See all Winter Carnival events and join us for a whole week of winter fun!


text:
Publication Date: 1988-Jul
Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (12th, Veszprem, Hungary, July 20-25, 1988), Volume 1.
Borbas, Andrea, Ed.
This proceedings from the annual conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education includes the following papers: "Street Mathematics and School Mathematics" (Carraher); "A Look at the Affective Side of Mathematics Learning in Hungarian Secondary Schools" (Klein & Habermann); "Beyond Constructivism: Learning Mathematics at School" (Nesher); "Reconstructive Learning" (Streefland); "Perceptions of Teachers' Questioning Styles" (Ainley); "Teacher Change as a Result of Counselling" (Albert, Friedlander, & Fresko); "Codidactic System in the Course of Mathematics" (Alibert); "The Construction of Arithmetic Structures by a Group of Three Children Across Three Tasks" (Alston & Maher); "Career Choice, Gender and Attribution Patterns of Success and Failure in Mathematics" (Amit); "A Classification of Students' Errors in Secondary Level Algebra" (Becker); "Teachers' Written Explanations to Pupils about Algebra" (Bliss & Sakonidis); "Algebra - Choices in Curriculum Design" (Bell); "Number Naming Grammars and the Concept of 10" (Bell); "The Kindergartner's Understanding of Discrete Quantity" (Bergeron & Herscovics); "A Review of Research on Visualisation in Mathematics Education" (Bishop); "Acquisition of Meanings and Evolution of Strategies in Problem Solving from the Age of 7 to the Age of 11" (Boero); "The Relationship between Capacity to Process Information and Levels of Mathematical Learning" (Boulton-Lewis); "Mathematical Vulnerability" (Brandau); "Cognitive Psychology and Mechanistic versus Realistic Arithmetic Education" (van den Brink); "Proof and Measurement: An Unexpected Misconception" (Chazan); "'Discrete' Fraction Concepts and Cognitive Structure" (Clements & Lean); "Algorithmic Thinking of Deaf Pupils" (Cohors-Fresenborg); "The Effect of Order-Coding and Shading of Graphical Instructions on the Speed of Construction of a Three-Dimensional Object" (Cooper); "New Contexts for Learning in Mathematics" (Crawford); "Quelques Developpements Recents des Recherches sur la Discussion Autour de Problemes" (Drouhard, Lymberopoulou-Fioravantes, Nikolakarou, Paquelier); "On Helping Students Construct the Concept of Quantification" (Dubinsky); "Children's Learning in a Transformation Geometry Microworld" (Edwards); "Some Cognitive Preference Styles in Studying Mathematics" (El-Faramawy); "Exploring Children's Perception of Mathematics Through Letters and Problems Written by Children" (Ellerton); "The Attitudes and Practices of Student Teachers of Primary School Mathematics" (Ernest); "Contexts and Performance in Numerical Activity Among Adults" (Evans); "Pre-service Teachers' Conceptions of the Relationships between Functions and Equations" (Even); "An Experimental Study of Solving Problems in Addition and Subtraction by First-Graders" (Feiyu & Shanghe); "Beyond Ratio Formula" (Lin); "Eye Fixations During the Reading and Solution of Word Problems Containing Extraneous Information" (Fry); and "The Meaning of 'X' in Linear Equation and Inequality" (Fujii). (MKR)
Descriptors: Educational Research, Elementary Secondary Education, Foreign Countries, Higher Education, Mathematics Education
Publication Type: Collected Works - Proceedings
Language: EnglishFrench
Authoring Institution: International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education.
Note: For volume 2, see SE 057 055.


what a great idea, Bill. This is reminiscent of the round robin letters our parents sent to each other and a great way to help the family keep touch with distant relatives.
I changed the name and description of the web site as you can't really put a name on a family web site and I am hoping more of the family will join in.


Home/People and Sound/Research Ocean Physics/How is sound used to measure waves in the surf zone?
Hurricane Carol (1954) destroyed hundreds of summer cottages and homes. Huge waves bound into beach front homes. Photo courtesy of NOAA Photo Library.
Waves generated in distant storms roll across the ocean, eventually reaching shore. As the water becomes shallow, the waves break, spraying foam and running up on the beach. Nearby beaches can have very different kinds of surf. For example, Black's Beach, near San Diego, is a world-renowned surfing spot with powerful waves, while just a few miles down the coast, La Jolla Shores Beach usually has gentle waves suitable for scuba divers, kayakers, and beginning swimmers. How can the surf be so different at beaches so close together? Understanding beaches and the surf zone is vital to coastal development and living wisely along the coast. About half of the U.S. population lives in coastal counties.
In particular, submarine canyons located near shore can have strong effects on the incoming waves and the surf zone. Submarine canyons are narrow, steep-sided valleys on the sea floor that resemble river canyons on land. The Nearshore Canyon Experiment was conducted off San Diego, where two deep submarine canyons come in close to shore. Scientists measured how submarine canyons affect wave propagation and nearshore currents. A large number of Acoustic Doppler Velocimeters (ADVs) and Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs), as well as many other instruments, were deployed.
Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs) and Acoustic Doppler Velocimeters (ADVs) both measure the speed and direction of ocean currents by measuring how the frequency of a sound changes as it reflects from a moving object. ADCPs are used to measure ocean currents and how they vary with depth over distances extending up to several hundred meters away from the instrument. (for more, please see: Technology Gallery: Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers and How is sound used to measure currents in the ocean?). In the Nearshore Canyon Experiment, ADCPs were installed just above the seafloor seaward of the surf zone. They looked upward to measure currents throughout the water column. ADVs measure the current in a small volume, making them useful to study small-scale, turbulent currents such as those in the surf zone. They can be designed to measure only horizontal currents (2-axis) or currents in both the horizontal and vertical (3-axis).
When waves arrive from the northwest, the measurements showed that the extremely rapid change in water depth at Scripps Canyon changes the direction of the waves, redirecting them toward Black's Beach (large curved arrow in figure below). These waves combine with the waves arriving directly from the northwest (straight arrows in figure below) to cause exceptionally high waves at Black's Beach. At La Jolla Shores Beach, the waves are low because Scripps Canyon redirects them toward Black's Beach.
The Scripps and La Jolla submarine canyons steer and focus wave energy near San Diego, CA. Red dots show the placement of wave-measuring instruments from the Nearshore Canyon Experiment. (Image courtesy of Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego).
SonTek/YSI, Ocean and Coastal Monitoring.


WHAT IS THE METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION PLAN (MTP)?
The MTP includes provisions for meeting the transportation needs of residents over a 20-year planning horizon while addressing transportation issues and making changes that can contribute to improvements in the region's quality of life and economic vitality.
WHAT DOES THE MTP DO?
Contains projects and policies to guide the development of all modes of transportation.
HOW DOES THIS FIT WITH CITY PLANNING EFFORTS?
In addition to the Bend MPO MTP update, The City of Bend will also be updating their Transportation System Plan (TSP). The City and the MPO have largely concurrent boundaries and share many transportation planning challenges. State law emphasizes that the City and the MPO coordinate on their transportation plans, and planning work for both agencies will be simplified if they are using the same public outreach process, models, data bases, and project lists, as well as project cost estimates and funding programs. Therefore, the City of Bend and the Bend MPO will complete a joint process to update both the TSP and MTP. Community input will apply to both.
WHY IS BEND MPO UPDATING THE MTP?
The MPO will update this plan at least every five years to meet federal and state requirements and to reflect local goals, priorities, and objectives. The previous update was completed in September 2014.
Updates are also important to integrate other recently completed planning efforts such as the Bend Urban Growth Boundary (UGB) into the MTP.
This planning effort will focus on developing guidance on how future local, state, and federal transportation dollars are spent by identifying funding sources, needs and preliminary project lists.
HOW DOES THIS FIT WITH THE BEND TSP PROJECT?
HOW IS THE COMMUNITY INVOLVED IN UPDATING THE TSP?
Neighborhood Events: The City plans to hold workshops in each of five areas in Bend.
Citywide Events: The City plans to have two Open Houses and two online events.
Steering Committee: Consisting of the entire seven-person City Council plus a City Planning Commissioner, a County Commissioner, and a representative from the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT), the Steering Committee will be the decision maker for the TSP. All meetings of the Steering Committee will be open to the public and provide a time for public comment.
HOW CAN I STAY INFORMED ABOUT THE MTP?
This web page will include regular updates on the progress of the MTP. For more information about transportation and long-range planning, see the City of Bend's Growth Management Department web page.
The full plan is available here. 2040 Bend MTP (full plan 333 pages 18MB) or view the individual chapters and appendices below.


Oh, Secretary DeVos, you have it all so wrong.
I have attended colleges and universities, public and private, as a student in California and New York. I have taught at colleges and universities in Montana, Texas, and New York. I have spent more than three decades, as student and a professor of American history, on college campuses.
My colleagues and I have, I will admit, told students to do their assigned work. We have told them that they need to communicate clearly and effectively with evidence to support their reasoning. Sometimes we complain that they do not work hard enough or think with enough discipline. But we do not tell our students what to think. Indeed, there would be no better way to lose an audience of 18-22 year old young people.
I have no idea how much time Betsy DeVos spends in college classrooms, but I can say that higher education as it actually is practiced bears little resemblance to the dystopian vision she outlined last week and that is echoed so often in the right-wing media.
In history and the liberal arts, we pose big questions over which great minds around the world from many cultures have wrestled with for millennia. We study continuity and change, measured across time and space, in peoples, institutions and cultures. We urge students to be curious and hard-working, critical but kind. But we do not tell students what to think. We ask them to use their imagination and their reason. We expect them to argue—to investigate problems, gather evidence, consider the scholarship, and advance a thesis with confidence and clarity. We urge them to question everything, to challenge assumptions, to demand evidence, and to be intellectually fearless. We demand that they think.
Are there incompetent professors? Or ideologues in the university classroom? Sure, there are a few, and as many on the right as on the left in my experience. But they are a tiny minority, as they are in any line of work. There are, after all, incompetent and close-minded politicians, plumbers, and cabinet secretaries, as well, and "the faculty" is generally a group of fiercely independent and open-minded thinkers.
justice, and the relationship between law, power, and liberty, to name a few. The students' opinions cross the ideological spectrum, but all understand that they must explain why they believe what they believe, and the evidence and experience that led them to those beliefs. And they must consider the ideas of great thinkers along the way, some of whom will challenge all that they believe to be true. Education can be an unsettling experience. Students who really want to be educated will be challenged.
Betsy DeVos seems to look on all of this with dread. She wants college students to join in "the fight against the education establishment," to root out those phantoms "who say that if you voted for Donald Trump, you are a threat to the university community." She believes that conservative students are under siege, assaulted by a college community that pays little heed to their First Amendment rights.
Nonsense. And the few exceptions she might trot prove no rule. Professors are as much a threat to free thought on college campuses as Grizzly Bears are a threat to children in elementary schools.
Education is essential for the functioning and survival of a republic. STEM education is important. We all know that. But a thriving democracy requires informed and questioning citizens, capable of thinking for themselves, assessing evidence, and dismantling the cant of demagogues and press secretaries. This is precisely what education in the liberal arts provides: students who can write, who can reason, and who can debate; students who can cut to the quick of an argument and insist on seeing the evidence and demand answers. These are the sorts of people, judging by Secretary DeVos's demeanor at her confirmation hearing, that she worries about the most.
Spend some time on a college campus. Listen to what students talk about when they talk about their classes. Read what they write and what their professors write. Look at what they learn. Do so broadly, and with an open mind. You will see, then, that Secretary DeVos needs to go to school.


text:
namespace dawn_native {
    class RenderPassDescriptorBase;
}

namespace dawn_native { namespace metal {

    class Device;

    class CommandBuffer : public CommandBufferBase {
      public:
        CommandBuffer(CommandBufferBuilder* builder);
        ~CommandBuffer();

        void FillCommands(id<MTLCommandBuffer> commandBuffer);

      private:
        void EncodeComputePass(id<MTLCommandBuffer> commandBuffer);
        void EncodeRenderPass(id<MTLCommandBuffer> commandBuffer,
                              RenderPassDescriptorBase* renderPass);

        Device* mDevice;
        CommandIterator mCommands;
    };

}}  // namespace dawn_native::metal

#endif  // DAWNNATIVE_METAL_COMMANDBUFFERMTL_H_

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Join Opinion Formers
British Association for Shooting and Conservation (BASC)
Lack of land management contributed to devastating wildfire, report claims
Opinion Former Article
Friday, 30 August 2019 6:28 PM
The lack of active land management, including "controlled burning and mowing", contributed to the severity of last year's Llantysilio mountain wildfire, according to findings from a recent report.
The 63-page report on the Llantysilio mountain wildfire that ravaged over 290 hectares of uplands for over a month last year gave several recommendations on reducing the risk of wildfires in the future. The report concluded: "The lack of robust land management over an extended period of time on the mountain contributed towards the length of time the fire burned and the devastation it caused. Therefore, a regular programme of land management activities is crucial if the risk of extensive environmental and economic damage from similar fires is to be lessened in future."
Within the report Natural Resources Wales cited the neighbouring grouse moor, Ruabon Moor, "as a local example of a moorland which is effectively managed by rotational small patch burning and mowing."
Denbighshire's Countryside Services commented on the severity of the wildfire saying, "in places it would take years to restore as the soil structure and seed stock has been destroyed", and there was a risk that "further soil would be lost through the effects of wind and water run-off".
BASC sponsors young scientists at international conference
BASC responds to Essex PCC's comments on firearms licensing
BASC firearms team tops 10,000 enquiries in 2019
BASC urges Scottish government to consider benefits of grouse shooting
BASC Wales Director, Steve Griffiths, said: "The Llantysilio wildfire is another example of what happens when our uplands are left unmanaged. The damage from this wildfire will take years to recover from and will have far reaching effects on the local community.
"With the number and severity of wildfires growing annually in the UK, it is essential that land management is actively undertaken, and stakeholder partnerships are enhanced to avoid further disasters.
"Rotational burning is one such management technique that has been proven to lower the risk of wildfires by reducing the fuel load and creating firebreaks. Landowners and farmers require the ability and assistance from statutory agencies to ensure wildfire risk remains at a satisfactory level."
The report commissioned by Denbighshire County Council's Communities Scrutiny Committee is due to be heard at a meeting on 5th September. The report published on 29th August can be found here - https://moderngov.denbighshire.gov.uk/ieListDocuments.aspx?MId=5774&x=1&LLL=0
250 hectares of the wildfire was within the 1150 hectare Ruabon/Llantysilio Mountains and Minera Grassland Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), designated such for its upland heath and blanket bog communities alongside its assemblage of upland breeding birds including a nationally important breeding population of black grouse and curlew.
Coverage on the wildfire in 2018 can be found here - https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-45218857
More Articles by British Association for Shooting and Conservation (BASC) ...
Disclaimer: Press releases published on this page are from key opinion formers who promote their organisation's activities by subscribing to a campaign site within politics.co.uk. politics.co.uk does not endorse, edit, or attempt to balance the opinions expressed on this page. The content of press releases are wholly the responsibility of the originating company or organisation.
Police forces spend millions subsidising gun owners
Iran provides Johnson's first major security test: Is he up to it?
The new border guards: MP tip-offs to the Home Office escalate
Hostile Environment: Hundreds of Commonwealth nationals evicted under anti-migrant 'right to rent' rule
Hostile environment: Government ignored warnings from Public Health England on migrant health charges
DWP wins legal case to block future benefit appeals
DWP goes back to court to block future benefit appeals


text:
Circle Kenya
Undertaking research, writing and publishing on African issues from women's perspective.
Women in Africa: Spirituality, Health, and Healing
To empower African women to contribute their critical thinking and analysis with a view to advance current knowlodge.
Ordination & Church Leadership
The CIRCLE continues to be a space where women are supported and encouraged to exploit their full potential and embrace leadership and ordination opportunities.
The CIRCLE matriarchs have and continue to mentor by mobilizing funds to support women and men to study and undertake research.
The CIRCLE actively participates in the campaign by offering care and support to survivors of violence.
Kenya Chapter
Upstream seeks out people that are impacting the world around them but lack the necessities.
International Adolescent Week
Discover the Love of God that comes from the simple worship of His Will and Power, as He is Our True and Only God!
Upstream seeks out people that are impacting the world around them but lack the necessities to further their work.
Embracing Intersectionality for Health Equity & Justice
Calendar Spotlight
5-9 Aug 2022 Multi-Disciplinary Conference 16 Jun 2022 The Court Room! Thursday 2:00pm-4:00pm 25 Mar 2022 International Adolescent Week
This and every Thursday
Thursday in Black
Never Miss News About Our Events!


text:
Amy Schumer Just Showed Off Her C-Section Scar In Public
Kate Hudson Just Shared Photos Of Herself Breastfeeding Mid-Workout
Meghan Markle May Break Major Protocol With The Birth Of Her First Child
Kate Hudson Shares Her Plans To Get Fit Two Months After Giving Birth
James Van Der Beek Just Shared A Photo Of His Wife's Placenta In A Bowl, NBD
Ryan Reynolds' Latest Tweet Proves Blake Lively Is Actually A Superhuman Mum
Jessica Biel's 'Serene And Natural' Birth Plan Ended With An Emergency C-Section
The Heartbreaking Moment Mum Says Goodbye To Her Stillborn Son
Kate Middleton's Royal Birthing Rules Have Been Released
Katherine Heigl Opens Up About The Complications She Endured During Her Caesarean
This Image Of A New Mum And Her Nurse Is Going Viral
Jessica Simpson Shares The Post-Pregnancy Routine She's Using To Get Back In Shape
Miley Cyrus On The Upsetting Reason She Won't Be Having Kids
Kate Hudson Called Herself 'Lazy' For Having A C-Section And People Are PISSED
Her comment rubbed a lot of people the wrong way. - by Cara Sprunk
In Cosmopolitan's October cover story, Kate Hudson said that getting a C-section was laziest thing she's ever done. And the internet is NOT having it.
Plenty of Twitter users were eager to give their two cents on Kate's comments, blasting her for stating a C-section is lazy.
YouGucci? on Twitter
Gynamite on Twitter
AbbyRoo26 on Twitter
The 38-year-old actress has two sons, Ryder, 13 (with ex-husband Chris Robinson) and Bingham, 6 (with former fiancée Matt Bellamy). Per Us Weekly, she reportedly delivered Bingham vaginally, but with Ryder she had a C-section.
Kate is, of course, entitled to her own opinion about natural births versus cesarean, but the backlash she received for calling her first delivery "lazy" brings up the on-going controversy surrounding delivering via a C-section.
According to the Centers for Disease Control, C-sections account for 32 percent of births in the United States. Yet still, there is a major stigma surrounding them, even though they are often not optional for mothers. "When you need a section, you need a section," says Mary Jane Minkin, M.D., Clinical Professor, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences Yale School of Medicine.
There are many medical cases when having a baby naturally isn't an option, and surgery is all you can do. Minkin, who supports C-sections in such situations, says they could include failure to progress in labor, a baby that's too large to be delivered vaginally, the baby being in breech position, or placenta previa (which comedian Jenny Mollen has been vocal about experiencing during her second pregnancy).
RELATED: This Is What Kate Hudson Actually Eats In A Day
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"If you have to have a section, one should never be ashamed. The woman is doing what is safest for her baby," says Minkin, who adds that having a C-section doesn't necessarily prevent you from delivering vaginally the next time, either. "There should never be any shame."
While Minkin doesn't believe there should be any stigma surrounding a C-section, she also advises against opting in to the procedure if it's not medically necessary.
"The reason is that a section is surgery, and one can develop scar tissue from it (like adhesions of the intestines)," she says. "There is also a higher risk of infections (endometritis) after the baby." What's worse, she explains, you increase your chances of placenta accrete—a placenta that will not separate from the uterus. "Sometimes the placenta is so stuck that you need to do an emergency hysterectomy, or even worse, the woman can bleed to death if her placenta won't separate and she starts haemorrhaging before you can do the emergency hysterectomy."
While Kate didn't reveal if her C-section was optional or not, she has no reason to feel ashamed. She did what was best for her and Ryder in that moment of becoming a new mom. And there's certainly nothing lazy about that.
RELATED: Exactly How Kate Hudson Gets Her Rock-Hard Abs, According To Her Trainer
This article originally appeared on Women's Health


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PodcastJeremy Burrows2020-05-05T11:04:40-05:00
The Leader Assistant Podcast
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Practical tips. Leadership development. Everything in between.
The Leader Assistant Podcast exists to encourage and challenge assistants to become confident, game-changing leaders.
Assistants have an enormous amount of influence as we manage the good, the bad, and the ugly in the life and work of our high-capacity, fast-paced CEOs, executives, pastors, celebrities, and politicians.
The question is, what will we do with our influence?
In this practical podcast for executive assistants and administrative professionals – hosted by yours truly (Jeremy Burrows) – my guests and I discuss a variety of topics including leadership, productivity, time management, how to avoid burnout, and artificial intelligence as it relates to the future of our role as assistants.
Are you ready to become the #LeaderAssistant the world needs?
Libby Moore
Former Chief of Staff and EA to Oprah Winfrey
Peggy Grande
Former EA to President Ronald Reagan
Melinda Vail-Goodnight is an accidental executive assistant who stayed by choice and has enjoyed over 14 years in the role, including the last 6 years at Southwest Airlines. In this episode, Melinda talks about managing [...]
Jeremy Burrows2021-01-11T17:11:29-06:00January 17, 2021|
Jackie Ludwig's career includes working as an EA for senior level and c-suite executives at Korn Ferry, Rolex and YPO, to name just a few. In this episode, Jackie shares a bit of her story [...]
Lucy Chamberlain has motivated, empowered, and armed audiences with tools to support a life and career that serves the individual and organization better. Lucy and I had a great conversation about job hunting, networking, resumes, [...]
Jeremy Burrows2020-12-12T11:25:18-06:00January 3, 2021|
Scott Miller is the author of Management Mess to Leadership Success: 30 Challenges to Become the Leader You Would Follow and other bestselling books. As assistants, we're great at learning from each other, attending assistant [...]
Jeremy Burrows2020-12-28T07:45:03-06:00December 27, 2020|
Elijah D. Griffiths is a career executive assistant that has operated with chief of staff and senior advisor grit to c-suite staff for over 8 years. Elijah (aka The EA Guru) chats about managing an [...]
Ep #93: James Sobczak – Executive Assistant at The University of Chicago
James Sobczak [SOB-zak] is currently an executive assistant staffing both the Chief Physician & Dean for Clinical Affairs and the Dean for Academic Affairs in the Biological Sciences Division at the University of Chicago. James [...]


Howard E. Cole is a top-rated attorney selected to Super Lawyers for 2008 - 2019. He works at Lewis Roca Rothgerber Christie LLP, located in Las Vegas, Nevada, and provides legal services for issues involving Employment & Labor to the surrounding community.
Howard Cole completed legal studies at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Law and graduated with the class of 1979. Howard Cole passed the bar in 1980.


Recently I received my first rejection letter for my wuxia fantasy novel Blood and Honor (original title: Tortoise Navigating Water). A title change was suggested so as to be more competitive in the US market. I still prefer my original title Tortoise Navigating Water because it fits the wuxia story better and compliments the sequel I'm currently writing.
Contrary to reported feelings of rage and despair some writers have felt at such letters, I am quite happy to have received mine. Admittedly, I did feel a bit deflated, but as the agent offered equal measure of praise and rejection, and I'd mulled the whole experience over, I realized I was more terrified of sending the query out and equally wound up at receiving the response.
For days after I'd sent the letter, I agonized over a plethora of what if's. What if he offered to represent me, would he realize later that he'd made a mistake? What if my stories suddenly dried up? Oh dear me, I hope not. What if he asked me to produce more manuscripts? Drat, I'm working as fast as I can to produce others. Eventually all my tension-filled thinking threatened to leave me in a permanent state of migraine mania and I was forced to do something quick to combat the pressure-filled, monster headaches and save what little brain power I have left. I immersed myself in the process of planning, plotting, and writing the sequel to my first novel.
Now that I have my first rejection under my belt, I can breathe and turn my attention to other pressing matters. For the time being the migraines have ceased and I'm in a place where I can write freely without the burden of what if's. Presently, I've got to produce at least 50,000 quality words for my sequel. Meanwhile, I'm in the planning stages of another fantasy series. And recently I've even been asked to write a short story for an anthology. I'm still able to come up with story ideas, hurray!
No one ever likes to be rejected whether it's via email, snail mail, or heaven forbid, in person. But it is definitely a way of life and allows the rejected person to decide on what path to take afterwards. Me, I've always taken the road less travelled and I'll continue to do so otherwise, I couldn't have gotten to where I am today.
This entry was posted in Midnight Hour, Musings and tagged agent, publishing, query letter. Bookmark the permalink.
Hey, if you received a personal rejection letter on your first try out, that's HUGE. Be elated. It means your writing is pretty close to the mark and as long as you find the right agent, you should be successful in gaining representation.
Oh, that just makes me feel even better. Thanks.


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António Carvalho da Silva Porto (* 11. Oktober 1850 in Porto, Portugal; † 11. Juni 1893 in Lissabon) war ein portugiesischer Maler.

Leben
In seiner Heimatstadt erfuhr Carvalho da Silva Porto seinen ersten künstlerischen Unterricht in den Ateliers der Maler João António Correia und Tadeu d'Almeida Furtado. Zusammen mit seinem Freund und Kollegen João Marques de Oliveira ging er im Sommer 1873 nach Paris. Dort wurde er Schüler an der École des Beaux-Arts und u. a. durch Alexandre Cabanel und Adolphe Yvon unterrichtet.

Durch seine Lehrer wurde Carvalho de Silva Porto eingeladen, an den großen Jahresausstellungen des Salon de Paris teilzunehmen. Vom Publikum wie auch von der Kunstkritik gelobt, wurde er 1878 auch eingeladen, auf der Weltausstellung in Paris auszustellen.

Im darauffolgenden Jahr unternahm er eine ausgedehnte Studienreise nach und durch Italien und Ende desselben Jahres kehrte er in seine Heimat zurück. Er ließ sich in seiner Heimatstadt nieder und gründete dort ein eigenes Atelier. Später ging er nach Lissabon und gründete dort 1881 – zusammen mit José Malhoa, Rafael und Culumbano Bordalo Pinheiro – die Künstlervereinigung Grupo do Leão.

Mit 42 Jahren starb António Carvalho de Silva Porto am 11. Juni 1893 in Lissabon und fand dort auch seine letzte Ruhestätte.

Ehrungen
Anlässlich des 100. Geburtstags von António Carvalho de Silva Porto schuf der Bildhauer Salvador Barata Feyo 1950 im Auftrag der Stadt Porto eine Büste von ihm.

Literatur
 Emmanuel Bénézit (Hrsg.): Dictionnaire critique et documentaire des peintres, sculpteurs, dessinateurs et graveurs de tous les temps et de tous les pays. Grund, Paris 1999 ff.

Weblinks

Maler (Portugal)
Portugiese
Geboren 1850
Gestorben 1893
Mann
Person (Porto)


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Cheap flights from Honolulu (HNL) to New Zealand
Home Oceania New Zealand Cheap flights from Honolulu to New Zealand
Honolulu (HNL) to New Zealand
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Allaah descends to the first heavens on this night to forgive us.
This is the night when the souls of departed ones return to their families.
So this is a weak argument that majority of people do it and believe in it so it is true.


This traditional silver incense stand has been handcrafted in Kyoto to create a beautiful display for you to enjoy the fragrance in the incense ceremony all around the world using a stunningly crafted stand.
This traditional sterling silver incense stand has been handcrafted in Kyoto to create a beautiful display for you to enjoy the fragrance in the incense ceremony all around the world using a stunningly crafted stand.
This sterling silver incense stand has been handcrafted in Kyoto to create a beautiful display for you to enjoy the fragrance in the incense ceremony all around the world using a stunningly crafted stand. This sterling silver incense stand is a stunning ornament or incense stand to have in the home.


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Walking Dead New Frontier Episodes 1 2 Review Jesus Saves
The Walking Dead: A New Frontier Episodes 1 & 2 Review - Jesus Saves
Published: January 3, 2017 1:00 PM
By: Samuel Guglielmo
The Walking Dead was the game that kickstarted Telltale's new direction of episodic games that were heavy on story and light on traditional adventure. Whether you agree with the direction the company has headed in or not, there's no denying that they've modeled their current lineup after the successes of that first game. Now on its third season, The Walking Dead: A New Frontier launches its first two episodes for an extended opening, serving as a new way for players to jump into the series without prior knowledge.
You'll be spending most of the two episodes as a new character named Javier, a former professional baseball player that lost his job and faced a lifetime ban from the league due to gambling on himself. The first episode, Ties That Bind Part I, actually opens up at the very start of the outbreak with the rather dramatic revelation of Javier's family's first encounter with zombies. It ends with Javier's family becoming separated, with Javier left with his sister-in-law Kate, his niece Mariana, and his nephew Gabe. After jumping ahead a few years we see what's left of Javier's family trying to survive. They go through a tough set of scenarios, one that involves them meeting several people of various levels of trustworthiness. The big encounter comes in a gang called The New Frontier, a seemingly ruthless group of survivors who have been trying to control the nearby area. Javier has to make several choices in how to deal with them while keeping his family alive.
While Javier and his family are the focus, there's plenty of other characters involved. Of course, Clementine is back, and your choices made in the first two seasons does shape where she came from and how she'll act towards others. If you've played the first two games on a different platform and can't transfer over the saves, then you can take a quick questionnaire before the game to determine Clementine's starting position. You do also play as Clementine a few times, and these brief moments serve to show what's happened to her between seasons. Outside of Clem, there are a few new characters that reasonably make enough drama and are interesting enough that I enjoy having them around. Comic character Jesus also shows up (reminding players that the game still takes place in the same universe as the comics), and he's a welcome addition. Other characters like Tripp, Eleanor, and Conrad, all offer good enough drama, even if none of their characteristics are particularly unique.
You'll be interacting with these characters through dialogue choices and important decisions, which affects how they feel about you and what they'll say and do. Naturally, considering the world, this also will be the difference between who survives and who dies. The first two episodes provide plenty of good choices, not wasting too much time into getting moments I cared about. Some can be as simple as deciding if I wanted to go through with a plan during the night or in the morning, while others have me considering giving into some of the New Frontier's demands to save the life of a woman I didn't know or if I should just open fire on them. One late game choice seriously had me considering betraying Clementine for another character's safety.
When combat breaks out, and it does break out, you'll be dealing with it in quick time events. Taking cues from Batman: The Telltale Series, the level of choreography put into in these scenes is honestly impressive. One fight takes place in an area drowning in tear gas, a strange confusing mess where Javier wanders around blind and stumbles in and out of danger. Another cool scene sees the group fighting zombies in a gas station, Javier latching onto one's skull with a hammer while taking shots and others approaching in an alleyway. Each scene felt appropriately tense and I was excited about each new fight.
After playing through both episodes, I was also surprised to find no glitches, slowdown, or usual Telltale jank anywhere in them. I feel like this is a bit of a backhanded compliment at this point, and honestly, I really shouldn't have to write "good job not breaking this game this time", but when that's the norm for Telltale's series then I guess it's necessary. Hopefully, we can keep it out of the rest of the season.
The Walking Dead: A New Frontier opens up strong, its first two episodes providing a fantastic opening that grabs that feeling of the first Walking Dead game back. I'm genuinely excited to see what will happen to the group next, and I just hope that Telltale can keep the momentum going and keep me entertained.
The Walking Dead: A New Frontier - Episode 1: Ties That Bind Part I and Episode 2: Ties That Bind Part II were reviewed on a PlayStation 4 using a copy provided by the developer. The game is also available on Xbox One, PC via Steam and GOG (Affiliate), iOS, and Android.
The Walking Dead: A New Frontier opens up with two strong episodes that have me the most invested I've been in The Walking Dead since the first release. Hopefully fleshing out the characters a little more can push this season to be even more memorable.
Interesting Plot
Fights Are Intense
Situations Feel Familiar
Author: Samuel Guglielmo | Reviews Editor
I'm Sam. I have been playing video games since my parents brought home a PlayStation whenever that came out. Started writing for TechRaptor for 2016 and, somehow, they've yet to fire me. Instead,… Read More
Android, IOS, PC, Xbox One, PlayStation 4
Play Asia Amazon GOG.com gamersgate.com Steam


text:
Q: See HTML of page after modified by Javascript Is there any way to see the page in Firebug or other software after the content of a div has been replaced with ajax?

A: Yes, that's exactly what Firebug will show you: the current state of the DOM. Same with Chrome's developer tools.

A: Sure, you can inspect the DOM with FireBug which always shows the DOM at its most recent state (and of course accounts for AJAX updates):

A: yes
firebug marks the changed div in yellow and you can see the html dynamic updates in the html view


Edit: I decided to test it out myself by making all 150 custom characters with priority set to high and one of them did spawn with VIP. Although I did notice that non custom characters were also spawning so either more than 150 survivors spawn or there is a maximum to how many custom characters spawn. I made a lot of firefighters so perhaps only so many of one job can spawn.