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women politics
YCDI
Internacional Demócrata de Centro
Centrist Democrat International
Democracy in Africa today
Between 2011 and 2012 more than 50 presidential, parliamentary and local elections were held in Africa. Although this could be seen as an indication of the advent of democracy on the African continent, factors such as its meager socioeconomic development, weak institutional capacity, election-associated violence, electoral fraud and military influence on policy have all undermined the consolidation of democracy in most African countries.
Unfortunately, the public protests which sprang up in North Africa in 2012 – a derivation of the Arab Spring uprisings calling for more and deeper reforms – to date have not been emulated by other African societies.
Tunisia and Egypt, for example, witnessed intense crackdowns on protests, which hampered their democratic consolidation. Their respective societies have been racked by a growing polarization between an increasingly secular side and the defenders of democratically elected Islamists. As a result, clashes broke out between opposing political groups when the opposition denounced what it viewed as measures threatening the secular nature of the state and jeopardizing individual and religious freedoms.
Therefore, the main short-term challenge on most of the continent is to consolidate stable macroeconomic conditions in the midst of a more volatile worldwide economic scenario. Additionally, improvements to the institutions and regulations governing financial and private sector activity need to be made. If limitations were overcome in terms of infrastructure and increased access to fundamental public services such as education, healthcare and security, Africa's countries could enjoy high, sustainable growth while at the same time reducing poverty and inequality.
In spite of everything, the risk of social chaos is descending in sub-Saharan Africa, mainly due to the favorable economic results observed in recent years. It is hoped that this improvement in the people's welfare will inspire a desire for better governance and enhanced
democracy. As a value democracy is still very appealing at the international level today, due in large part to the process of globalization and the rise of the Internet.
Once again the need for a wider range of actions has become evident, both on the African continent and outside it, to bolster the political culture and strengthen the rule of law and public institutions, which could change the international community's predominant yet paternalistic tendency to expect little from Africa.
The transition to full-fledged democracies does not only entail holding elections, but also requires the development of democratic institutions, democratic public attitudes, and widespread support for governments.
All this said, there are still other challenges, although they have little to do with totalitarianism and corruption. Rather, military attacks and organized crime represent the main threats to security, stability and democracy on the African continent. These issues, together with persistent border disputes, are sources of instability in remote areas where there is little government control. The 2013 report of the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) regarding transnational organized crime highlights its debilitating effect on the capacity of states and its encouragement of corruption. The transnational nature and origins of these global criminal networks demand solutions at both the national and international levels.
Unfortunately, hotbeds of religious and ethnic conflict persist, and at certain times can destabilize countries, as is happening in the Sahel.
While in Africa a slow process of democratic transition is unfolding, in the rest of the world the general trend is towards a loss of confidence in democracy and in politics.
Political participation has declined in many consolidated democracies, and voters exhibit an attitude of disillusionment with respect to public institutions due to the effects of the great recession of 2008-2011, as well as the permanent sovereign debt in the Eurozone.
In some African countries there has been progress, but there is still a long way to go.
The passage in Senegal from a hybrid regime to an imperfect democracy reflects a peaceful transfer of power which took place in the country in 2012, when presidential elections in which the losing candidate accepted the result. The outgoing president, Abdoulaye Wade, sought a controversial third term not originally provided for by Constitution, but the public's reaction prevented him from being reelected.
Mali saw the most pronounced decline in results after a coup d'état and the seizure of power by the Tuaregs, along with rebel Islamist jihadists from the northern half of the country. Though the political situation has improved after the military and political intervention of regional ECOWAS forces, in particular France, until security is restored the region's economies will remain vulnerable.
After the secession of South Sudan an agreement was reached with Sudan on important issues. However, some regional issues remain sources of disputes, and a lasting peace will not be possible until they are resolved.
In other good news long-standing presidents in countries such as Uganda, Eritrea, Zimbabwe and the Republic of the Congo who are trying to come up with their own schemes to extend their periods in power are encountering ever greater resistance by opposition forces.
After a decade of significant growth following the democratic revolution in Africa in the 1990s, citizens and activists are keen on preserving their newfound economic and political freedoms.
Opposition forces are increasingly better organized in their efforts to overturn longstanding regimes and leaders all up and down the continent, while established powers are realizing that the opposition does not want to fight, but rather to reach agreements in a constructive way in order to furnish the government with mechanisms of control and balance.
Over the next 5 years nearly 20 countries will hold elections in which presidents who have long been in office will have to choose between clinging to power and organizing a credible transition to a new generation of leaders.
Even though it is clear that the most veteran presidents contemplating the political successions in the next five years are planning to extend their time in power, it is equally clear that they will have to face opposition that is more and more organized and better and better equipped, able to make the most of information technology and social networks.
In addition to popular resistance to the traditional formula of political dynasties seen in various African states, citizens are wary of these regimes due to the chaos and repression associated with them.
José Filomeno Monteiro
Member of Parliament for Cape Verde
Secretary of Foreign Affairs of the Party Movement for Democracy (MpD)
Declaration of the IDC-CDI's support for Roberto Enríquez, two years after he took refuge in the Chilean embassy in Caracas.
Communication from Centrist Democratic International (IDC-CDI) on the event currently taking place in Venezuela
The IDC-CDI announces its total support of Juan Guaidó as the legitimate president of Venezuela
Act of Political Alliance
IDC-CDI


ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA: Class 4 Misdemeanor Drunk in Public Charge (VA Code 18.2-388) was appealed to the Circuit court after client represented himself at the trial in General District Court and lost. The new result is that the charge will be DISMISSED after 12 months of good behavior and completion of community service.
This entry was posted in Arlington Criminal Defense Attorney, CRIMINAL CASE RESULTS, Criminal Defense, Drunk in Public / Public Intoxication, Misdemeanor Appeals and tagged Criminal Defense Lawyer in Arlington VA, Drunk in Public Appeal.


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Home » Travel » #37 Big Pink (US Bancorp Tower)
For all of us who work near the US Bancorp Tower or have been inside her, you can't help but notice the tacky effect she has on downtown. From the sites, smells and sounds off ole Burnside, she stands tall and firm in representing Portland's unique flavor. As the 2nd tallest skyscr-wordr in town, with 1.1 million sq. feet of office space, she literally holds some of Oregon's most prominent businesses within her walls. More eye sore than business mecca, the US Bancorp Tower is one of the ugliest buildings in the Pacific Northwest.
The US Bancorp Tower opened for business in 1983 and served as U.S. Bancorp's national headquarters for some time. As one of the largest banks in the United States, you would think perhaps blue or red might make more sense from a branding perspective. But no. US Bank decision makers, in all their free checking glory, decided to construct a big pink building with no right angles. Whilst approaching her from Old Town/Chinatown, Big Pink looks sleek and slender ready to wait in line at Bettie Ford. From the SW approach, she appears as a the massive bridesmaid in front of Dixie Tavern. No matter what though, she always looks better in the dark.
The most odious thing about her has nothing to do with the structure itself but with the daily discharge of white collar douche bags at 12 and 5 everyday. They fill the streets around the building with honking BMWs trying desperately to get back to Lake Oswego or West Linn for dinner (Even though Big Pink is home to one of the greatest Happy Hour food establishments in town- Portland City Grill). But my general dislike for suburbia can't cloud the fact they still work in a big… erect… pink… tower.
This entry was posted in Travel and tagged big pink, or, pdx, portland, us bancorp tower, us bank. Bookmark the permalink.
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31 thoughts on "#37 Big Pink (US Bancorp Tower)"
Clint on December 8, 2019 at 9:30 am said:
You should add your blog to this list
Mike Stowell on February 4, 2019 at 5:11 pm said:
Robert that works in the bank volt has a way of giving gifts to the women who work for him. It's male privilege to him. Takes women to the City grill. Gives gift cards to those women he likes. Strange way to get things done! Treat everyone the same! Why take women to the City grill for a one on one meal? Other than to try and get something more? It's wired to me. But you all like to keep Portland weird! To many freaks in this town. US Bank has them too! Big time!
Greg on August 5, 2018 at 7:07 pm said:
Some research would serve you well. The building was designed with no right angles because of the odd-shaped lot it is on. It wasn't some branding person's bad idea. The way the city of Portland designed the downtown layout to have the primary street-grid orientation shift by about 30 degrees south of Burnside creates a lot of odd little streets and lots, including this one. US Bancorp had already constructed something on an adjacent lot, which is why they built this where they did. The architect also consciously chose the color because of how it would work with light and shadows. I applaud the brand team for letting the architect do their work. And finally, having typos in your critique generally undermines your argument.
Friday on June 1, 2015 at 6:04 am said:
The view is nice but the food (at least for brunch) is definitely rubber chicken circuit at the Grill. Circa 1975. It must have been exciting back then. Big Pink IS ugly.
Pdxnative on March 12, 2014 at 9:36 am said:
I have lived in Portland my whole life and I think big pink is pretty, at least it is better looking than the Wells Fargo tower!
rsb97060 on February 6, 2019 at 9:40 pm said:
You're nuts.
Romeo on January 24, 2014 at 10:23 pm said:
"discharge of white collar douche bags"… come on man, I work there. while you may make a valid point as far the aesthetics are concerned, you shouldn't judge several thousand people only because their companies happen to be in the tower. very few of them actually drive BMWs, and most are not douche bags either.
Horkenmeyer on December 13, 2012 at 9:06 am said:
Alot of people don't know this but if you poop from the toilets on the top floor it just falls to the first floor! No pipes to flow down! Gawd what a fuggin stupid design!
Deon O. on November 12, 2012 at 2:21 pm said:
I honestly think the building is nice looking.. Especially when the sun sets behind it..I just wish there was similar building nearby to even out the skyline.
Eduardo on August 9, 2012 at 2:27 pm said:
I am so sad to read this. This makes me sad
Forte101 on March 20, 2012 at 5:27 pm said:
It is so distinctive that I never noticed it.
Tess on February 7, 2012 at 9:26 pm said:
Just today I had a job interview on the 20th floor of the beautiful "pink tower of power" and I have to say… the view was so breath taking, it left me almost speechless for interview just from the 20th floor. I gazed out the window for some time over the city and realized how fortunate we are to live in such a beautiful place. Yes, I am referring to the City of Portland. 🙂 Sadly I didn't get the job (could have been a bit distracted), but it was worth going through the interview process just to see the view!
jjsolari on July 10, 2011 at 3:25 pm said:
you have the aesthetic sense of a bantha
loopie on February 27, 2010 at 2:15 am said:
if u think the wells wells fargo center or the U.S bank tower are ugly then move out out of portland, cuz they will be here long after you buddy
i live in portland and i thin kbig pink is on the the best lookin towers in oregon, my favorite is the fox tower, which can be seen from pioneer square
Ted on October 3, 2009 at 9:57 pm said:
No man, it's a giant capitalist middle-finger to all the elitist BMW-liberals a few blocks north in the Pearl. What could possibly be more awesome?
Brandon Unversagt on September 30, 2009 at 8:08 pm said:
We should be so lucky. It looks okay for a city. In Chicago they're going to erect a HUGE dildo (The Chicago Spire) in 2010. Now I want all of the whiners to look at that and tell me it doesn't look like a sensual lady-stick. C'mon. Bancorp looks pretty darn okay now, doesn't it?
EN on August 20, 2009 at 3:57 am said:
i tend to think it's ugly as well… but I find charm in that… i mean… look at that crazy building in Vancouver BC with the UFO on top… i think Big Pink has vanity over that abomination… but the most memorable thing about Vancouver's architecture is that hideous thing… so for better? for worse? so be glad you're not homeless, and i guess glad you don't work there…
Johnsone on August 17, 2009 at 8:38 pm said:
What a whiner. The pathetic, scruffy structures surrounding this cornerstone to the city include such traditional meccas as Mary's Strip Club and the public housing projects on Burnside. Without someone's vision to take a risk on a s**tty part of town, the Pearl would not be there.
Clearly, you are envious of all who have more than you.
Grow up pussy.
Alex on May 4, 2009 at 1:10 am said:
It definitely adds that "huge pink phallus" element to the cityscape though
DNNYDIRTY on January 22, 2009 at 6:47 pm said:
OK player haters- quit the bitching.
The comment about 'white collar douche bags' is an untrue, classicism example of what is truly intellectually skewed and ultimately disturbing about this beautiful city. (Go hipster, go!) I am willing to bet that over 50% of that above referenced group does not even own a car- let alone a copy of the ultimate driving machine.
It's unbelievable, the comments about this killer building.
By the way, what were any of you doing in 1983?
I work a few blocks from this building and am lucky to have a mesmerizing north view. The tower is perfect to judge the weather and cloud cover by. Despite being built back in the day (do a search of other skyscr-wordrs built in '83 and prepare to cringe) it changes colors throughout the day… and gets downright scary looking at night- take a look from a rooftop apartment in Chinatown long after midnight and get ready for your world to be seriously rocked.
DNNYDIRTY
Its just a blog for fun, calm yourself down.
TLC Tugger on September 5, 2008 at 2:09 pm said:
When I saw big pink I immediately thought to myself,
Rose-Tu's vagina?
Sucknalime on August 5, 2008 at 8:46 pm said:
What's wrong with driving BMW's and being from Lake Oswego and having a great (ok decent) career… I think portland needs more posers ;o)… And the big pink is the only building I remembered while driving from Canada to LA.. Ok so I'm Canadian.. I guess what I think dont matter anyway
RenegadePilgrim on July 29, 2008 at 11:05 pm said:
You might also be interested to know that the US Bancorp tower is built on the site of the former Salvation Army building and is often referred to by the homeless community as the city's middle finger to Old Town and the homeless, since it does stick out just a bit where it was built.
cathy on May 30, 2008 at 12:02 pm said:
I'm glad I found you, just moved here from Florida (which is infinitely worse than anything you can ever find in Portland) — good to have a perspective that isn't 'oooh Portland is perfect and wonderful and there's nothing that isn't fantastic and all the people are smart and conscious, blah, blah, blah (or should I say lars, lars, lars?). I know, I know, not everyone thinks Portland is perfect. But I like your blog. So. Thanks.
BTW, something you might consider adding: the "church" of $cientology.
Rational Portland Native on June 7, 2016 at 2:56 pm said:
This is the dumbest blog I have ever read. Please don't mistake this guys angry ramblings for something coherent and valid. The Bancorp tower houses a ton of business of all sizes, many that do an outstanding amount of work to benefit the community. it would be wise to take anything this moron says with a grain of salt, being critical of where you live and being arrogant/bitter are entirely different things. .

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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WEBSITE: Adt Security Services Canada Inc.


The system was put in place due to a law passed during the tenure of former President Barack Obama but didn't get its first test until Wednesday, under the Trump administration.
"The test will assess the operational readiness of the infrastructure for distribution of a national message and determine whether improvements are needed," read a statement from FEMA ahead of the alert test.
The alert works similarly to a weather emergency or Amber alert, where a user will see a notification pop up on their smartphone, as well as a loud tone with vibration. The key difference is users don't have the option to disable presidential alerts.


Oh wow. I mean, it's not that I don't find lots of food writing obnoxious, and most self-declared foodies I know make pretty lousy company. And Myers is right that the evolutionary science, usually, is terrible.
But to take just one example, characterizing Pollan's "moral logic" as starting from "the refined palate" is absurd. He takes his ethical arguments to be far more important than his asides that the food might taste better if the animals don't freak out when they're about to be killed.
I will say that Steingarten seems fairly represented, but he's the anti-Pollan. I bet if he reviewed Pollan's book it'd be called, "What Dilemma? Let's Eat." You can't lump the two together.
So I guess in the end it's halfway a straw man, in that Myers paints a picture of the foodie ethos that's not totally unfair (in that it is based on the big hits of foodie writing), but also ignores the more important points that most of the writers are trying to make.
The Pollan segment is precisely where I took (and imagined you'd take) issue. Also, I can't help but agree with Bourdain about the absurdity of taking one's belief systems abroad: seems silly to travel across the world to experience culture and then deny a people's food. Am surprised that Myers takes the "high road" of religion/ethics on that one.
That's a really good point. As you mention it, I recall that the biggest reason I started eating meat was to be able to get to know other cultures through food. "Silly" is the right word for Myers' kind of thinking here.


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Dragon's Kiss (1988)
Thunder March
Music for Speeding (2003)
It's the Unreal Thing
Martin Adam "Marty" Friedman (born December 8, 1962) is an American guitarist, known for his tenure as the lead guitarist for heavy metal band Megadeth which spanned nearly the full decade of the 1990s. He is also known for playing alongside Jason Becker in Cacophony until 1989, as well as his 13 solo albums and tours. Friedman has resided in Tokyo, Japan since 2003, where he has appeared on over 700 Japanese television programs such as Rock Fujiyama, Hebimeta-san, Kouhaku uta gassen and Jukebox English. He has released albums with several record labels, including Avex Trax, Universal, EMI, Prosthetic and Shrapnel Records.
http://www.martyfriedman.com/
https://twitter.com/marty_friedman


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Q: Easy way to concatenate several matrices in R Is there an easy way to build a matrix in R based on several other block matrix?
Suppose that I have A1,A2,A3 and A4 matrix. I want to construct a Matrix A that is the equivalent in matlab of [A1,A2;A3;A4]. I know that i could use rbind(cbind(A1,A2),cbind(A3,A4)), is there a more efficient and direct way?

A: R doesn't really have a lot of shortcut notations for creating matrices like matlab. The most explicit it just to stick with the rbind and cbind as you've already done. If it's something you find yourself doing a lot, you could write a helper function like this
mat_shape <- function(expr) {
  env<-new.env(parent=parent.frame())
  env[[":"]] <- base::cbind
  env[["/"]] <- base::rbind
  eval(substitute(expr), envir = env)
}

here we re-refine : to be cbind and / to be rbind for this particular function input. Then you could do
A <- matrix(1:6, ncol=3)
B <- matrix(1:4, ncol=2)
C <- matrix(1:3, ncol=1)
D <- matrix(1:12, ncol=4)

mat_shape(A:B/C:D)
#      [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5]
# [1,]    1    3    5    1    3
# [2,]    2    4    6    2    4
# [3,]    1    1    4    7   10
# [4,]    2    2    5    8   11
# [5,]    3    3    6    9   12

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Stefan "Lillis" Åkesson has been skateboarding for over 35 years and show no signs of slowing down. Here he shares his adventures and visions. Enjoy!
About Lillis
Skateboard Show
Freestyle Show
Spring cleaning...
First show this spring, and first thing to do is to clean the mat we perform on. It truly is spring cleaning... The show was at Ålstensskolan in Stockholm, and as always I do these seminars/shows about safety and the use of helmet together with legendary BMX:er Andreas Lindqvist.
Lost in translations and 全日本フリースタイルスケートボード選手権2012
Truckstand at Sensoji Temple/Asakusa, Tokyo's oldest temple.
Kevin Harris tried his best to come with me to Japan, but could not make it. We were both there in 2009 for the World Championships and I really liked it and wanted to go back soon. I had planned to go back last year but due to Fukushima Daiichi I decided things were a bit too uncertain at that time. But this year there was nothing stopping me!
When Kevin declined I asked Felix Jonsson if he would like to go with me, he has "blamed" me for turning him into a world traveller after he had travelled with me to the World Championships in Philadelphia, USA, 2010. He was excited to go and on November 10 the Aeroflot flight took off towards Narita airport in Tokyo, with a transfer in Moscow. At first I was a bit concerned about flying with Aeroflot, as they used to have a rather bad reputation. I read up on Aeroflot and it was in the 1990's they were not the airline with the best reputation, but these days have moved up. I was super happy with them, top notch planes and service, at least from Moscow to Tokyo. The Moscow airport was however not the most fun airport but it was cool to be there. We pretended that all female personnel were KGB agents in disguise... just like in old James Bond movies...
When we arrived at Narira airport we took the Keiser Skyliner train to Ueno station to transfer to the subway. I was a bit worried how to travel in Tokyo, but had done extended research by asking my Japanese friends and reading up on the internet.
We were going to stay at freestyler Rogerios place in Meguro, south west Tokyo, and a bit later than expected we meet up with him at the Meguro station, and also with Mic Murayama, womens freestyle World Champion. She had volunteered to guide us to the skatepark at Nissan Stadium in Shin-Yokohama the same day we arrived. That skatepark is a heaven for freestylers with the biggest flatland area on the earth, with perfect smooth concrete.
We had a great freestyle session that night and our friend Tomo also skated with us. He was in Sweden for the World Championships in 2011 with Mic and Takashi.
Next day, Sunday, Moichi had organized a freestyle session at the Shin-Yokohama skatepark. 20 or so freestylers showed up but due to miscommunications about time and how to get there we were several hours late, which was very embarrassing for me, I don't like to be late. But it was a great session, most were still there when we finally arrived but unfortunately not Moichi and I felt very bad for coming there so late and missing the opportunity to meet and skate with him again. I have not skated with as many freestylers for a long time. It was great to skate again with Masahiro, Takashi, Tomo, Mic, Yuki and many more, and I got some new friends as well.
12 days in Japan, full packed with sightseeing, skating and hanging out with our Japanese friends.
As I don't eat meat, fish or seafood it was a bit of a challenge finding food when you can't speak Japanese. I was so hungry some days that I had to revert back a few times to some junk food, and McDonalds and Subway felt like a life saver! Big Mac with no meat.... I did eat some Japanese food that I don't know what it was... it could had been fish eggs, but I was so hungry I could literally eat anything!
I was happy to meet my friend Ryhoei again, we had a skate session together at the Nissan skatepark in Shin-Yokohama and we also skated transitions a bit. Ryhoei was our guide in 2009 and we have been in contact ever since. He is very good and talented freestyler/streetskater.
I had planned my visit so I could attend the All Japan Freestyle Skateboard Contest 2012. It was held at a shoppingmall and outlet in Lake Town, just outside Tokyo. Mic was travelling with us, without her we would never have made it. So many transfers to get there. Thank you Mic for being an angel, and getting us there in time!
The contest site in Lake Town.
The Japanese freestylers are some of the best in the world. Their technical level is on a level that makes me feel embarassed, but they are so nice and supportive that I had more fun than ever.
Moichi won the pro division, Masahiro in second and me in third. Qualification was one run and so was the finals. In the finals I did the biggest slam ever on a 360 shove it. I still can't understand how it was possible to slam that hard on that trick. But I was quickly up on my board and did no more mistakes.
It was a great trip, so fun to meet my Japanese friends again and also make new friends.
Special thanks to Felix, Mic, Kaori, Ryhoei, Moichi, Masahiro, Tomo, Yuki and everyone! I plan to go back soon again and I promise to continue practice how to use chopsticks...
And to Mic and Kaori: I want a bowling re-match! :)
@ Copyright Stefan "Lillis" Åkesson. Powered by Blogger.


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We need YOUR help planning the Star 94.1 30th Anniversary Party!
Star 94.1's 30th Anniversary Party is coming up, and we need YOUR help to plan it! What do you think? What kind of entertainment would you want to see? We really do need your input in order to pull this thing off... so there may be more polls in the future... but let's start with the music:
THE Best Boy Band of All Time...
Headphone Karaoke: Week 4
In honor of TLC coming to town, this week's song is No Scrubs.
Tell us who YOU think was the best singer this week!
90's Dance Debate
Cupid Shuffle
C'mon N Ride It (The Train)
Listen, some of these songs are not from the 90's... but they're still major dance crazes that need to be discussed on which one is the best! Listen to our debate on the subject! 90's Dance Debate...
Producer Amanda Finally Has a Name!
*drum roll please* She officially has a radio name!
Vote Here: Lifetime Movies Turned Radio Segments
What if we turned Lifetime movie titles into radio segments? We just can't decide which one! All four members of the show brought one in, but we need you guys help on this one... Jenn's "Mermaid Chair" Idea: Members of the show are blindfolded, guessing foods, and answering questions while sitting...
Can You Spot The Best Idea?
We are turning the radio station over to you! The Jeff and Jenn Show members are each pitching our WILDEST ideas. You decide which one is the best. Here are your choices: Jeff Dauler: "Can Jenn catch the Baby?"... A professional athlete will throw a baby off of a tall building and if Jenn Hobby...
VOTE: Who Are You Rooting for in American Idol's Top 24?
American Idol announced their Top 24 contestants during last night's broadcast. So we were wondering: who are you rooting for? Sound off here!
SOUND OFF: Did You Like the Premiere of 'Roseanne' Last Night?
After months of anticipation, it finally arrived! The Roseanne revival premiered on ABC last night (March 27). Based on what we saw on our Facebook and Twitter feeds, it felt like ALL of our friends were watching the show last night during its premiere. So: what did you think? Did you enjoy last...


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Improved integrate-and-fire model for RSA
MBE Home
Evaluating growth measures in an immigration process subject to binomial and geometric catastrophes
2007, 4(4): 595-607. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2007.4.595
On the basic reproduction number $R_0$ in sexual activity models for HIV/AIDS epidemics: Example from Yunnan, China
Nicolas Bacaër 1, , Xamxinur Abdurahman 2, , Jianli Ye 3, and Pierre Auger 1,
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (I.R.D.), 32 avenue Henri Varagnat, 93143 Bondy cedex, France
College of Mathematics and System Sciences, Xinjiang University, 14 Shengli Road, Urumqi, 830046, China
National Center for Women and Children's Health, Department of Information Management, 13 Dong Tu Cheng Street, Chang Yang District, Beijing, 100013, China
Received April 2007 Revised August 2007 Published August 2007
Heterogeneity in sexual behavior is known to play an important role in the spread of HIV. In 1986, a mathematical model based on ordinary differential equations was introduced to take into account the distribution of sexual activity. Assuming proportionate mixing, it was shown that the basic reproduction number $R_0$ determining the epidemic threshold was proportional to $M+V/M$, where $M$ is the mean and $V$ the variance of the distribution. In the present paper, we notice that this theoretical distribution is different from the one obtained in behavioral surveys for the number of sexual partnerships over a period of length $\tau$. The latter is a ''mixed Poisson distribution'' whose mean $m$ and variance $v$ are such that $M=m/\tau$ and $V=(v-m)/\tau^2$. So $M+V/M=(m+v/m-1)/\tau$. This way, we improve the link between theory and data for sexual activity models of HIV/AIDS epidemics. As an example, we consider data concerning sex workers and their clients in Yunnan, China, and find an upper bound for the geometric mean of the transmission probabilities per partnership in this context.
Keywords: basic reproduction number, HIV, mixed Poisson distribution..
Mathematics Subject Classification: 92D3.
Citation: Nicolas Bacaër, Xamxinur Abdurahman, Jianli Ye, Pierre Auger. On the basic reproduction number $R_0$ in sexual activity models for HIV/AIDS epidemics: Example from Yunnan, China. Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering, 2007, 4 (4) : 595-607. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2007.4.595
Hui Cao, Yicang Zhou. The basic reproduction number of discrete SIR and SEIS models with periodic parameters. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2013, 18 (1) : 37-56. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2013.18.37
Gerardo Chowell, R. Fuentes, A. Olea, X. Aguilera, H. Nesse, J. M. Hyman. The basic reproduction number $R_0$ and effectiveness of reactive interventions during dengue epidemics: The 2002 dengue outbreak in Easter Island, Chile. Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering, 2013, 10 (5&6) : 1455-1474. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2013.10.1455
Tianhui Yang, Lei Zhang. Remarks on basic reproduction ratios for periodic abstract functional differential equations. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2019, 24 (12) : 6771-6782. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2019166
Tom Burr, Gerardo Chowell. The reproduction number $R_t$ in structured and nonstructured populations. Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering, 2009, 6 (2) : 239-259. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2009.6.239
Ping Li, Pablo Raúl Stinga, José L. Torrea. On weighted mixed-norm Sobolev estimates for some basic parabolic equations. Communications on Pure & Applied Analysis, 2017, 16 (3) : 855-882. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2017041
Ling Xue, Caterina Scoglio. Network-level reproduction number and extinction threshold for vector-borne diseases. Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering, 2015, 12 (3) : 565-584. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2015.12.565
Gerardo Chowell, Catherine E. Ammon, Nicolas W. Hengartner, James M. Hyman. Estimating the reproduction number from the initial phase of the Spanish flu pandemic waves in Geneva, Switzerland. Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering, 2007, 4 (3) : 457-470. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2007.4.457
Abraão D. C. Nascimento, Leandro C. Rêgo, Raphaela L. B. A. Nascimento. Compound truncated Poisson normal distribution: Mathematical properties and Moment estimation. Inverse Problems & Imaging, 2019, 13 (4) : 787-803. doi: 10.3934/ipi.2019036
Marius Ghergu, Gurpreet Singh. On a class of mixed Choquard-Schrödinger-Poisson systems. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S, 2019, 12 (2) : 297-309. doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2019021
Jia Li, Zuowei Shen, Rujie Yin, Xiaoqun Zhang. A reweighted $l^2$ method for image restoration with Poisson and mixed Poisson-Gaussian noise. Inverse Problems & Imaging, 2015, 9 (3) : 875-894. doi: 10.3934/ipi.2015.9.875
Arni S.R. Srinivasa Rao, Masayuki Kakehashi. Incubation-time distribution in back-calculation applied to HIV/AIDS data in India. Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering, 2005, 2 (2) : 263-277. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2005.2.263
Nicolai T. A. Haydn, Kasia Wasilewska. Limiting distribution and error terms for the number of visits to balls in non-uniformly hyperbolic dynamical systems. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2016, 36 (5) : 2585-2611. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2016.36.2585
Mariantonia Cotronei, Tomas Sauer. Full rank filters and polynomial reproduction. Communications on Pure & Applied Analysis, 2007, 6 (3) : 667-687. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2007.6.667
Scott W. Hansen. Controllability of a basic cochlea model. Evolution Equations & Control Theory, 2016, 5 (4) : 475-487. doi: 10.3934/eect.2016015
Claude Carlet, Serge Feukoua. Three basic questions on Boolean functions. Advances in Mathematics of Communications, 2017, 11 (4) : 837-855. doi: 10.3934/amc.2017061
Kevin Ford. The distribution of totients. Electronic Research Announcements, 1998, 4: 27-34.
Sukhitha W. Vidurupola, Linda J. S. Allen. Basic stochastic models for viral infection within a host. Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering, 2012, 9 (4) : 915-935. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2012.9.915
Leonid A. Bunimovich. Dynamical systems and operations research: A basic model. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2001, 1 (2) : 209-218. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2001.1.209
Svend Christensen, Preben Klarskov Hansen, Guozheng Qi, Jihuai Wang. The mathematical method of studying the reproduction structure of weeds and its application to Bromus sterilis. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2004, 4 (3) : 777-788. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2004.4.777
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text:
UK weather
Storm Desmond: army deployed to rescue stranded as flood defences fail – as it happened
David Cameron calls emergency Cobra meeting
More than 100 severe flood warnings and 68 alerts
60,000 homes in north-west England left without power
200mm of rain fell in Britain's wettest area in Cumbria
Major incident declared as Storm Desmond wreaks havoc in Cumbria. Photograph: Jeff J Mitchell/Getty Images
Aisha Gani
@aishagani
Sun 6 Dec 2015 12.44 EST First published on Sun 6 Dec 2015 05.12 EST
12.43pm EST 12:43 Aisha Gani's evening summary
12.11pm EST 12:11 More rain on the way for flood-hit areas in Scotland
11.28am EST 11:28 UK flood-hit areas
11.15am EST 11:15 Fears for elderly man believed to have fallen in Cumbria river
10.47am EST 10:47 Planned power outage in Carlisle
7.59am EST 07:59 Firefighters say "serious underfunding" is hampering flood response
6.40am EST 06:40 Breaking: Cobra meeting called
10.14am EST 10:14
The severe flood warning in Hawick (Teviot), in Scotland remains, although there are reports the situation has been improving today.
Marc Becker, duty hydrology manager at the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (Sepa), said:
We are particularly concerned that the flooding situation will deteriorate further this evening in Tayside and particularly the south-west of Scotland and the Borders.
The risk to communities in Hawick and Newcastleton are such that Sepa, in discussion with emergency responders, have issued severe flood warnings for both towns. Impacts will include widespread property flooding, evacuations, damage to infrastructure and severe transport disruption.
River levels are currently falling on the river Teviot but will remain high, while no significant rainfall is forecast during Sunday.
Low-lying properties and businesses along the Teviot remain at risk. Many roads will be impassable in and around Hawick and standing water on roads may lead to difficult driving conditions.
The Sepa website advises:
Stay away from flood water and do not take unnecessary risks. If you are affected or concerned about flooding please contact the emergency services. Please follow any advice provided by the emergency services.
Advice and information is also available through Floodline on 0345 9881188.
Updated at 11.20am EST
9.57am EST 09:57
Upturned cars, flooded streets and driving rain: here's our gallery of Storm Desmond photos:
Storm Desmond - in pictures
Forecaster the Met Office has the latest on the places with the heaviest rainfall in the country.
Shap, in Cumbria, had over 262mm rainfall in the last 48 hours:
Met Office (@metoffice)
Latest 48-hour rainfall totals following #StormDesmond pic.twitter.com/wo8I9JbRTY
My colleague Mike Glover reports that although waters are receding, police are warning people against trying to get into their flooded homes.
He sends this dispatch:
A police spokesman said:
Water still remains covering Cockermouth Main Street and the streets towards the river Derwent. There is water over the Derwent Side Gardens, Wakefield Road and Gote Road areas. The water is anything from several inches to several feet deep. The area of St Leonard's Lane is particularly affected.
While in places the water isn't particularly deep, the water within the whole of the flooded area is flowing very fast, police said. "As such there is a significant risk of people being swept off their feet even in water that is not very deep."
The spokesman added:
Both the police and the rescue services are aware that some residents still remain within the flooded areas. They are also aware that business and homeowners who have previously left the area are keen to check on their property.
Inspector Craig Lory said: "The advice is not to return to the flooded areas at this stage. For residents still in their houses, in flooded areas, you are asked to remain in your houses and not to venture into the floods."
Lory urged people who need evacuating to call the emergency services or draw attention to themselves from within their houses, by shouting from windows and only venturing into places that are clearly safe.
About 350 soldiers have been made available from 2nd Battalion Duke of Lancaster's Regiment, based in Weeton barracks near Preston, to assist with the general flooding response since the early hours.
They arrived with two vehicles to help evacuate and warn residents in Carlisle – and also sent a Chinook helicopter to move high-velocity pumping equipment needed to attend to an electricity substation.
Margaret McCraken, 79, is helped from her home in Broad Street in Carlisle through the floods by members of the armed forces who have been called in to help evacuate people who wish to move. Photograph: Owen Humphreys/PA
McCraken is helped from her home in Broad Street in Carlisle through the floods by members of the armed forces who have been called in to help evacuate people who wish to move Photograph: Owen Humphreys/PA
A rescue team helps evacuate people from their homes after Storm Desmond caused flooding on 6 December 2015 in Carlisle. Photograph: Jeff J Mitchell/Getty Images
A resident carries a bag as he wades through flood water on a residential street in Carlisle. Photograph: Phil Noble/Reuters
Updated at 9.57am EST
Lunchtime summary
Here's what we know:
On Sunday afternoon, there are currently 47 severe flood warnings, 54 warnings and 65 alerts in force at this location according to the gov.uk live flood warnings for England and Wales.
UK live flood updates Photograph: gov.uk
Train lines have been severely affected with some services cancelled tomorrow
The Met Office, the forecasters, has reported record levels of wind and rain.
Early rainfall statistics indicate many places have seen totals widely over 180 to 200 mm in the Lake District.
Power supplies were also seriously affected around 60,000 homes in Lancaster, Morecambe, Carnforth will continue to face cuts for a number of days after flood defences protecting a major substation were breached overnight.
Cumbria Crack (@CumbriaCrack)
Charlotte Dacre - Cockermouth trout hotel this morning pic.twitter.com/H0nWm5O7Bq
The British Red Cross teams set up rest centres in Keswick, Appleby and Kendal, while medical groups issued an urgent call to draft in extra doctors amid fears the storm could cause casualties.
One man has died so far
The government called a COBRA meeting to deal with the emergency
Firefighters criticised the Tory governmnet and said "serious underfunding" is hampering flood response.
Here's a Guardian video compilation of amateur footage that shows flooding caused by Storm Desmond in Cumbria and across Ireland on Saturday.
Firefighters say "serious underfunding" is hampering flood response
As they respond to the devastation caused by Storm Desmond, firefighters have said "serious underfunding" is hampering their ability to respond to floods and other emergencies.
A rescue team helps to evacuate people from their homes after Storm Desmond caused flooding on 6 December 2015 in Carlisle. Photograph: Jeff J Mitchell/Getty Images
The Fire Brigades Union (FBU) said that every fire and rescue service responding to the floods across northern England has seen unprecedented funding cuts over the past five years.
Fire and rescue services in Cumbria, Northumberland, Lancashire, Tyne and Wear and North Yorkshire have all faced cuts and job losses, it was claimed.
The FBU said the ability of the fire and rescue service to respond to incidents over the weekend had been affected by the cuts and called on the prime minister to reverse them.
Matt Wrack, FBU general secretary, praised firefighters for their "fantastic work" in tackling the impact of the storm and the floods. He said firefighters had saved thousands of people from the dangers of flooding and they were central to efforts to protect livestock, industry and other private property.
He criticised Cameron for cutting services and said:
David Cameron has tweeted his sympathy for the thousands of people affected by the storm. Yet our fire and rescue service is being cut to pieces and the prime minister turns a blind eye to the results.
Firefighters are responding to this emergency as they have been every time such storms and floods have hit the UK.
David Cameron, on the eve of the 2010 general election, spoke at Carlisle fire station and promised to protect frontline public services. The reality has been the complete opposite.
The fire and rescue service is being cut to pieces. We urgently appeal to the prime minister to reverse the cuts to our emergency services."
Tim Farron, the Lib Dem leader, who was affected by the flooding, has called on the government to provide additional funding to affected areas to help deal with the aftermath of the floods.
Tim Farron.
Farron has said that the government must back up its commitment to the "northern powerhouse", by providing the funds needed to repair flood damage.
In a letter to David Cameron, Farron said it is "essential that the government respond to this crisis in a fair and forward-thinking way, by making available the funds needed to repair the damage which the extreme flooding has caused in South Lakeland."
He has also called on insurance companies to deal quickly with the claims arising from flood damage, to enable people to return to normality as soon as possible.
It is heartbreaking to see the impact of flooding once more on local people. My thoughts are with all those whose homes and businesses have been flooded, and who have been forced to evacuate.
There is now a major task ahead of us in terms of repairing the damage caused by these floods, and I am calling on the government to support us in this and make additional funds available.
My colleague Mike Glover has sent me a report that emergency services and partner agencies are dealing with an incident at the river Kent in Kendal.
Police were called at 10.01am to Staveley Road, Kendal, with a report that an elderly male had fallen into the water. Emergency services are working hard to establish if anyone is in the water.
While the rain has mostly stopped, Cumbria police is reminding people people that river Kent levels are still high and major roads, including the A590 at Brettargh, remain closed.
Kendal Chris (@CMH1967)
Thankfully river levels now dropped significantly, the huge clean up operation is underway.#kendal #CumbriaFloods pic.twitter.com/yuihhuknxn
The force has said it has received reports of motorists removing closed road signs and has warned that driving through blocked routes or flood water is "extremely dangerous" and "likely to put lives at risk".
Rachel Greenbank, from Kendal, tweeted:
Rachel Greenbank (@Artchick4U)
I've never seen anything like this in Kendal in my lifetime.This is a 20 second walk from our house.#flood #Kendal pic.twitter.com/AicnMvyR3Y
A number of police forces are also asking local communities to look out for each other, particularly by checking on neighbours and elderly and vulnerable people in their area before calling for emergency service assistance if needed.
Natural disasters and extreme weather
Storm Desmond: army aids rescue effort as communities struggle after floods
At least 60,000 homes are without power, villages and towns are cut off and clean water could run out after storm affects treatment works and water mains
Published: 6 Dec 2015
Storm Desmond flooding: David Cameron urged to fund repairs
Tim Farron, the Liberal Democrat leader, says resources for rebuilding are vital as prime minister prepares for emergency meeting
Storm Desmond causes flooding in north-west UK and across Ireland – video
Amateur footage shows flooding caused by Storm Desmond in Cumbria, and across the Republic Ireland on Saturday
Environmental campaigners say Storm Desmond is a sign of things to come
Met Office says north England and parts of Scotland should remain vigilant as figures show up to 100mm more rain has fallen than is expected for December
Storm Desmond: Lancaster's small businesses face 'zombie apocalypse'
Flood-hit homeowners face higher insurance bills after Storm Desmond
Storm Desmond: flooding leaves people and pets stranded – video


Trader Joe's upscale but affordable food is always a good place to shop when planning a delicious, home-cooked meal. Head here to stock up on supplies for a picking or camp-out on the Channel Islands. For a romantic spin, indulge in one of their signature chocolate truffles boxes.
It's easiest to drive to Ventura, but once there things are walkable, and you can take the ferry to the Channel Islands.


Would you Be the explanation of Ones Dry up Itchy Head?
Head Itch is among the most most popular skin color troubles. Once we employ several shampoos, liquids, soap, i am consistently contributing irritants to your overall body inducing the following distressing issue. It's possible you'll check out Medical doctors, Allergists, together with Immunologists without the need of quite possibly beginning to see that the issue definitely isn't skin color linked and defense linked. Very likely it's the out of place solutions you will be gaining your system that will leech in the skin color together with wreak chaos!
Were you aware that by way of the time period signs show up, you've got months in the purpose now inside your process! That infection, flaking, blisters, lesions on the skin, together with baldness usually requires months to help quite possibly get that merest progress when working with over-the-counter and prescription drugs. As well as that 75% with circumstances that not necessarily answer doctor together with meds corporation encouraged solutions.
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I just preferred a few options for a acquaintance with quarry together with has been instructed that will she has truly "hippy" but will keep going cleansing the woman's locks using the woman's standard wash. That solutions from this help may not be with regard to "hippies" : They're just for just anyone! Together with As i additionally had to make available the woman's some sort of session with hippies! Hippies complete thoroughly clean independently : people practice it using all natural solutions. Not necessarily solutions which were produced using substantial company in your mind! As i, enjoy the woman's, nevertheless, has been below the effect i has been grimy just don't employ produced in higher quantities shampoos. As i hot shower together with rinse my own locks on a daily basis together with practices is important in my opinion.
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Males possess a several completely unique factors behind skin color infection as compared to precisely what a lot of women get. Inflammation together with infection as a result of shaving together with contact with the side as soon as doing work are definitely the standard factors.
The majority males shave several succeed outside the house inside climatic conditions. Which means that skin color troubles together with skin color tenderness may be well-known. Nevertheless it does not necessarily necessarily mean practically nothing can be carried out to cure the idea.
Sorry to say, numerous men complete underestimate coping with their own skin color as soon as slightly cosmetic may well complete amazing things. A few recommendations just about every several ought to stick to.
Substances obtained in any sort of skin color product or service is a vital to help helping you out with bothersome troubles. Type component is considered Practicable Keratin.
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Ultra violet rays is usually superior looked after can perform a few hurt. Ultra violet rays and that contact with the idea, factors and accelerates oxidation together with 100 % free radicals.
Which means that than the option may be to restrict some of our amount of time in ultra violet rays of course, if i am available inside, employ a few cover. Sunscreen could help sunshine nevertheless common-sense are going to be with even more profit.
Face mask ones biceps, wrists and hands, neck of the guitar together with are up against which includes a baseball hat, solar shades, gear or anything else. Require a session with people are now living sunshine steeped aspects. People clothing for any special occasion : ultra violet rays.
-CoQ10 & vitamin e antioxidant allow struggle together with maintenance scare tissue brought on by oxidation. They're just anti-oxidants.
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-Witch Hazel is way better as compared to a few skin color drying out when shave. The idea goes down inflammation together with infection.
These you've got seen a few vital things that are generally protected and tend to be simple solution to help infection together with skin color inflammation. To acquire more information on what to help love the actual skin read the aid container following together with get that 100 % free Natual skin care Help.
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Over the last 6 continuous years our centre in Delhi has helped more than 1500 students to improve their SAS skills. As a result,these students have earned better knowledge, and grown in self-esteem and confidence. And these students are placed in big MNC's of the fortune 500 companies like Novarties and more.


We all love the amazing tablescapes that come alive at the holidays. Our families and friends appreciate the beauty and effort we put into making our homes festive. For many of us, it's a creative outlet to place each decoration in just the right position. Annalee's fall and Thanksgiving dolls will bring smiles to your guests as perfectly poseable table decorations. Whether you are a collector or finding us for the first time, Annalee dolls are a great way to spruce up the Thanksgiving tablescape and to make new traditions for the holiday. As you plan for your Thanksgiving holiday gathering, here are five helpful tips to reduce stress and make the holiday the more memorable.
Thanksgiving is coming up quick! From Sunday, November 12th – Tuesday, November 14th at 10am EST we will be upgrading all orders qualifying for FREE SHIPPING to FedEx Ground (3-7 days). While we can't guarantee Thanksgiving delivery – we will certainly do our best to make sure all orders placed during this time make it in time to be part of your Thanksgiving holiday!
Use one large decoration in the middle of your table as the centerpiece, such as our Harvest Turkey or Chipmunk Cornucopia. Then use smaller Annalee dolls placed around or near your centerpiece such as our Apple Pie Chef Mouse or Scarecrow Pup.
Sit in each guest chair as you place your Annalee dolls around the table. Keep in mind your guests' line of sight and see how the dolls complement each other on the table. We suggest placing the Autumn Greetings Mouse in front of the salt and pepper shakers and using the Pilgrim Hat Mouse on a plate as a place tag.
3. DON'T FORGET TO DECORATE THE ROOM.
Expand your decoration beyond the Thanksgiving table. Place Annalee dolls on the sideboard or china cabinet, or get creative with wall decorations. Our Indian Boy Mouse and Indian Girl Mouse with Papoose are fun and festive decorations for Thanksgiving festivities. They pair beautifully together and have also made fast friends with the Pilgrim Boy Mouse and Pilgrim Girl Mouse.
4. LET THE KIDS HELP.
Kids have the best imaginations and will help you find creative ways to make your Annalee decorations more fun and lively. Annalee dolls are posable, so kids can help move them into different, creative poses. Whether you choose to make it a family affair or have a little fun on your own – don't forget to explore the pose-abilities. Our Autumn Leaf Elf looks great sitting on a cornucopia or the breadbasket with its arms wide open welcoming everyone to the dinner table.
5. CAPTURE THE MOMENT, TAKE PHOTOS!
Capture the fun and creativity of your Annalee tablescape by taking photos before and during your Thanksgiving celebration. Your family and friends will love posing with their favorite doll. Think of the memories you'll create. And don't forget to send your photos to us so that we can share your Thanksgiving decorating ideas. Post them on Facebook, Pinterest, or Twitter using #AnnaleeSmiles.
Our Assembled in America collection features limited edition collectible dolls. Each doll is numbered and signed by the designer. Only 500 dolls of each design are available. Every Assembled in America design is assembled at Annalee's headquarters near Lake Winnipesaukee in Meredith, New Hampshire. Shop today for a unique Annalee collectible that will be cherished for years to come.
FROM ALL OF US AT ANNALEE, HAVE A WONDERFUL THANKSGIVING!


The political legend who built modern Singapore on how nations can overcome corruption to give its citizens a better life and equal opportunities.
When I was in my teens I heard about a political study. It found that while Singapore paid its civil servants one of the highest salaries in the world, they also had the least amount of money in their bank accounts among politicians in the region. That was because corruption was almost non-existent in this island nation of mine when I was growing up.
Truth be told, I'm a fiercely independent thinker. On more than one occasion I've found myself disagreeing intellectually with some of my government's policies. But I can't deny that without Lee and his founding team of statesmen who believed in meritocracy, this resource scarce island would never have gone from third world to first in 30 years. My brothers and I may not even have been able to afford our education!
That point was hammered home even stronger when I was in Nepal last year for a hiking trip. Visiting this mountain nation for the very first time, I saw and heard about how corruption had depleted a beautiful land and exhausted its hardy people. I wrote about this in the very first story I published on Medium, titled "Of Mountains & Monarchs — A Tale of the Real Nepal".
In it I spoke about how my guides, who were the children of Gurkha soldiers who lived in Singapore, all had a picture of Lee in their homes. It was put there by their fathers, some of whom guarded the compounds of Lee's home when he was the Prime Minister of Singapore. They revered him as a great leader and lamented the lack of someone like Lee to lead Nepal out of the downwards spiral it was in, due to endemic corruption and nepotism.
A lot of books have been written about Lee and his words extensively quoted, but this fateful journey in Nepal inspired me to look for more direct sources about him and his views on governance. It led me to a collection of all his speeches, interviews and articles spanning 60 years of his life and 19 thick volumes. In them I uncovered his thoughts and wisdom on topics ranging from education and entrepreneurship to careers and family life, much of which have never been published in other books.
After poring through all 19 volumes, I've distilled the following advice from him on political leadership and beating corruption.
It was clear to Lee that for a nation to beat corruption and build a just society, the cleansing has to start at the very top.
Furthermore, this group of core leaders right at the top must be determined and united, in addition to possessing a strong sense of social duty.
Once that leadership is in place, the country also needs an effective civil service to execute the government's policies without being swayed by corruption. For this to happen, Lee Kuan Yew had often argued in parliament that the best way to attract top talents and avoid corruption was to pay civil servants top dollars — comparable to the earnings of the best doctors, engineers and lawyers etc.
Nonetheless, since man are prone to temptations no matter what, as a safeguard he advocated a policing system — driven, as he puts it, by jealousy and rivalry from those who sought to be corrupt.
But for this bureau to do its work effectively, first and foremost they must trust that the people they answer to are incorruptible.
So the above sums up quite simply, how Singapore became an economic miracle with very little corruption, despite having no natural resources on a tiny island other than people.
A bunch of good men, led by a great leader, who had exceptional morality and integrity.


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Statue of Unity: PM Narendra Modi to inaugurate world's tallest statue today – everything you need to know
Updated Oct 31, 2018 | 00:02 IST | Times Now Digital
The 182-metre Statue of Unity - the world's tallest statue - is dedicated to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, also known as the 'Iron Man of India'.
Statue of Unity
Ahmedabad: The big moment is here! India, on Wednesday, will 'officially' become host to the tallest statue in the world when Prime Minister Narendra Modi will dedicate to the nation the 'Statue of Unity' at Kevadiya in Gujarat's Narmada district. The statue of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, built on an islet 'Sadhu Bet' near the Sardar Sarovar Dam, stands tall at 182 metres – it will be inaugurated by the PM on October 31, which is also the birth anniversary of the Iron Man of India.
The Prime Minister's Office said PM Modi will dedicate the statue that is twice the height of America's world-renowned Statue of Liberty by pouring soil and water from the Narmada river into a 'kalash'. He will then do a 'virtual abhishek' of the statue by pressing a lever. Soon after, the PM will reach the Wall of Unity (a monument defining India's unity) for its inauguration. The BJP stalwart will also perform a special prayer at the statue's feet.
Later, the PM will visit the museum and exhibition, as well as the viewers' gallery. The viewer's gallery is located at a height of 153 metres and provides a breathtaking view of the Sardar Sarovar Dam, its reservoir, and the Satpura and Vindhya mountain ranges, as per a report in PTI. As many as 200 people can stand on the gallery at one time.
A spectacular flypast by Indian Air Force aircraft and cultural performances would also mark the occasion. As part of the IAF performances, a team of three Surya Kiran jets will fly past leaving behind saffron, white and green colours of the national flag. This will be followed by a flypast by three Jaguars at low altitude. Meanwhile, helicopters will shower flower petals on the statue while the PM pays a floral tribute to Sardar Patel.
As per the detailed itinerary of the PM's engagements, Modi will arrive at the helipad at Kevadiya at around 9 am and visit the 17-km-long Valley of Flowers 10 minutes later for its inauguration. He will arrive at the Tent City at 9:50 am for its inauguration before reaching the launch venue at 10:15 am. The PM will then visit the Wall of Unity and dedicate the Statue of Unity at 11:35 am. He will also visit the museum and viewers' gallery before proceeding towards the helipad. A grand laser show will also be organised to mark the inauguration of the Statue of Unity.
#WATCH: Laser light show at #StatueOfUnity of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel that will be inaugurated on his 143rd birth anniversary tomorrow. #Gujarat pic.twitter.com/3g5VKF0VJo
— ANI (@ANI) October 30, 2018
The statue has been built using over 70,000 tonnes of cement, 18,500 tonnes of reinforcement steel, 6,000 tonnes of structural steel and 1,700 metric tonnes of bronze, which was used for the outer cladding of the structure, the government had said in a statement.
Gujarat: More visuals of the preparation, underway for the inauguration of #StatueOfUnity tomorrow in Kevadia. pic.twitter.com/m4sEwXWxok
Today, announcing his visit to Gujarat, PM Modi had tweeted: "Tomorrow, on the Jayanti of Sardar Patel, the 'Statue of Unity' will be dedicated to the nation. The statue, which is on the banks of the Narmada is a fitting tribute to the great Sardar Patel."
Tomorrow, on the Jayanti of Sardar Patel, the 'Statue of Unity' will be dedicated to the nation.
The statue, which is on the banks of the Narmada is a fitting tribute to the great Sardar Patel. https://t.co/9Z5PHE9uTM pic.twitter.com/6TXMYPaJm6
— Narendra Modi (@narendramodi) October 30, 2018
Gujarat Chief Minister Vijay Rupani said: "Tomorrow is a historic day as the tallest statue in the world, statue of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel who united India, will be dedicated to the nation. It was the dream of PM Narendra Modi since the time he was Gujarat CM. His dream is coming true."
Also on Wednesday, 'Run for Unity' events will be organised across the country on the occasion of National Unity Day on the birth anniversary of Sardar Patel.
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MONTREAL - Small cellphone player Wind Mobile will be among bidders for valuable wireless spectrum being put up for auction in January as it moves to take on big carriers Rogers, Telus and Bell, chief executive Anthony Lacavera said Monday.
Lacavera owns a 35 per cent stake in Wind Mobile, the company he founded and launched in December 2009 after participating in the previous spectrum auction five years ago.
"Obviously, there has been a very rapid evolution of smartphones," he said from Toronto. "We're now in a position where we need a lot more spectrum to service demand."
Under rules of the auction, Lacavera said he couldn't discuss funding for the company's bid.
Registration opens Tuesday for bids in the government auction for wireless spectrum. America's AT&T, Norway's Telenor and U.K.'s Vodafone have been rumoured to be interested, now that U.S. giant Verizon has announced it's no longer considering an expansion north.
Lacavera said Wind Mobile is the fourth major carrier in Ontario, British Columbia and Alberta and has more than 650,000 cellphone customers.
The company needs more radio wave spectrum to build out a faster, more advanced network that can run the latest devices, such as Apple's new iPhone.
Lacavera said the application is being submitted by Toronto-based Globalive Wireless Management Corp., which is the legal entity for Wind Mobile.
Amsterdam-based telecom VimpleCom owns the remainder of Wind Mobile and its Russian owners have put their majority stake up for sale.
The auction of 700 megahertz spectrum, which analysts have called "beachfront property'' due to its value, could raise a lot of cash for the federal government. The 2008 auction raised about $4.3 billion.
These radio waves have the ability to allow cellphone signals to reach into elevators, deep into underground parking lots, traffic tunnels and basements where calls are often dropped.
The signal can also travel greater distances and, in rural Canada, will require fewer cellphone towers to provide coverage. It will also will help meet consumers' growing smartphone and tablet use.
Wind Mobile is the first new player to enter the auction. It's not yet clear if financially struggling Mobilicity will bid, while Public Mobile also hasn't declared its intentions yet.
Rogers (TSX:RCI.B), Telus (TSX:T) and Bell (TSX:BCE) have about 25 million customers between them and dominate the wireless market in Canada.
Industry Canada says it won't publish a list of those who have put down a five per cent, refundable deposit for the auction until Sept. 23.


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-The encampment's Community Advisory Council meets this Sunday at Arrowhead Gardens (9200 2nd SW), 2 pm. The meeting is scheduled to run no longer than 3 pm because it's Super Bowl Sunday.
-If you are interested in the camp's future but weren't at either of two West Seattle meetings last week and haven't seen our coverage on West Seattle Blog, here are the links: The Westside Interfaith Network's meeting for camp supporters (Monday, January 21), and the Highland Park Action Committee's meeting for community comment as it decides whether to support an extension (Wednesday, January 23rd).
I feel bad for the influx of homeless who must live in tents, but the area is an eyesore and living over 30 years in White Center, I wish the area could be worked on to attract the wildlife, such as foxes, etc. Why not move the camp to the Arroyos in Arbor Heights. Our area is overburdened with encampments. I bet if this were moved to Arroyos you would not hear the end of it, but this may prove social injustice that shows higher income areas have a stronger voice than lower.


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Rediff Cricket
Rediff.com » Cricket » The IPL's 19th over conundrum
The IPL's 19th over conundrum
Last updated on: May 3, 2012 06:15 IST
Twenty20 is a game of glorious uncertainties
Harish Kotian looks at matches in IPL V that were won or lost because of a player's individual brilliance in the 19th over of the second innings.
Twenty20 is a game of glorious uncertainties. It does not take much for fortunes to change dramatically and turn a game on its head in a matter of a single over.
This year's Indian Premier League was witness to many a thrilling finish, with quite a few matches decided in the last few overs or the final one.
What is interesting is the number of matches that turned around in the 19th over of the innings.
Rediff.com takes a look at matches that altered course in the penultimate over of the second innings.
Albie Morkel the destroyer
The match looked out of reach as far as Chennai Super Kings was concerned, with 43 needed from two overs. Captain Mahendra Singh Dhoni was out in the previous over and Royal Challengers Bangalore looked set for an easy victory.
The visitors got complacent and handed the ball to part-timer Virat Kohli to bowl the crucial 19th over. The gamble backfired big time.
Albie Morkel got into the act straightaway with a barrage of big hits. He started the over in streaky fashion, an inside edge going for a boundary behind the wickets. But, after that the ball kept disappearing from the middle of the bat as Morkel smashed Kohli for three sixes, a boundary and two runs for a total of 28 in the over.
The momentum was back with Chennai after that huge over and they scored the winning runs off the final ball of the match.
Image: Albie Morkel
Tags: Albie Morkel , Chennai Super Kings , Mahendra Singh Dhoni , Royal Challengers Bangalore , Kohli
Morne Morkel's super over wins it for Delhi
This time it was the turn of Albie's younger brother Morne to make a difference in the 19th over.
Rajasthan Royals were cruising to victory against Delhi Daredevils, with 15 needed from the last two overs.
With Ajinkya Rahane blasting his way to a quick 74 from 55 balls, none would have betted against Rajasthan at this stage.
But Morkel dented Rajasthan's hopes by conceding just three runs in his final over, the 19th. He got a couple of yorkers right on target and ended the over by dismissing Brad Hodge.
He was also lucky that a wide, down the leg side, was not given by the umpires. Basically, he offered nothing for the batsmen to score easy runs.
Umesh Yadav kept his composure in the final over despite Rahane hitting him for a six and helped his team clinch a one-run victory.
Virender Sehwag may have hit a 39-ball 63 early on, but had Morkel not restricted the scoring in the crucial 19th over, Delhi could well have finished on the losing side.
Image: Morne Morkel
Tags: Morne Morkel , Delhi Daredevils , Ajinkya Rahane , Virender Sehwag , Brad Hodge
Peterson and Rayudu destroy Chawla
South African all-rounder Robin Peterson came to the party on his IPL debut.
He seemed to have borrowed some shots from his namesake, England's Kevin Pietersen, as he used the switch hit to good effect.
Mumbai Indians were way behind in the contest, with 32 needed from the last two overs for victory. Kings XI Punjab entrusted experienced leg-spinner Piyush Chawla to bowl the penultimate over, but he messed it up against Peterson's dazzling strokeplay.
Peterson started the over with a reverse sweep that went for a boundary and played the switch hit off the next ball for another four. He then slog-swept the third ball for a six to put his team back in the hunt.
Rayudu then ended the over in style, smashing the last two balls for back-to-back sixes.
27 runs came from that 19th over, leaving Mumbai to get just five from the final one, which they did with one ball to spare.
Image: Robin Peterson (left) and Ambati Rayudu
Tags: Robin Peterson , Piyush Chawla , Rayudu , Kings XI Punjab , Kevin Pietersen
Praveen Kumar swings it Punjab's way
After being put in to bat, Kings XI Punjab were restricted to 134 for nine in their 20 overs by Kolkata Knight Riders, with West Indies spinner Sunil Narine taking five for 19 in four.
With much talent and experience in their batting ranks, the Kolkata side was expected to overhaul the meager target easily. But Punjab's bowlers kept fighting throughout the innings, claiming wickets at regular intervals, to leave the home crowd stunned.
Kolkata, though, enjoyed a slight edge going into the 19th over, with 13 runs required from two and four wickets in hand.
The experienced Praveen Kumar was entrusted the task of bowling the penultimate over against Ryan ten Doeschate and Debabrata Das.
The first three balls were all singles, as both batsmen mistimed their big shots, before Kumar bowled two successive dot balls to ten Doeschate. The final delivery of the over was a yorker, the third in a row for Kumar, but the two batsmen scampered across for a quick single.
Just four runs came off that over from Kumar, which left the equation at nine from the final over.
Pacer Harmeet Singh kept his composure in last final over and helped Punjab steal a narrow two-run victory.
Image: Praveen Kumar
Tags: Praveen Kumar , Kings XI Punjab , Kolkata Knight Riders , Ryan ten Doeschate , Sunil Narine
Bollinger checks Pune's charge
Pune Warriors India held the momentum against Chennai Super Kings going into the last two overs, needing 25 runs from 12 balls for victory.
Steven Smith, with 23 from 20 balls, and Angelo Mathews, on 24 from 18 balls, were striking the ball to all parts of the ground.
Chennai Super Kings' hopes rested on a good penultimate over from Australian Doug Bollinger to quell Pune's challenge.
And he did exactly that!
Smith was dismissed off the second ball of that over, caught at long-on. The scales tilted Chennai's way.
Pune could manage only four singles from that over and were left to score 21 from the last.
Dwayne Bravo was up to the task in the final over, giving away just seven runs, as Chennai won the match by 13 runs.
Image: Doug Bollinger
Tags: Chennai Super Kings , Pune Warriors India , Angelo Mathews , Steven Smith , Doug Bollinger
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Riyadh-bound Filipino held in Manila over bomb scare
Riyadh-bound Filipino held in Manila over bomb scare /saudi-arabia/news/789586
Ghazanfar Ali Khan
RIYADH: A 50-year-old Filipino scheduled to fly to Riyadh was arrested at Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA), Manila, following a bomb scare.
The Filipino named Daisy David Medallon was about to board Philippine Airlines (PAL) flight PR654 bound for Riyadh at the NAIA Terminal 2 when she was apprehended by police on Sunday.
"The flight, however, landed on time in Riyadh," said Julieto Quirante, a PAL supervisor stationed in Riyadh. Quirante, who was not aware of the whole hoax bomb episode, said that he would find out more details of the incident. But, Philippines' Director of Aviation Security Group Chief Supt. Pablo Francisco Balagtas confirmed the arrest.
Balagtas said during the check-in procedures, David was advised by Janette Murata who was manning the counter, to remove some of her stuff due to excess baggage. But, she reluctantly responded to the request to show the baggage, saying that "she had a bomb, which can blow up the plane."
She did not realize that cracking a bomb joke inside an airport terminal is a criminal offense.
According to reports, David was supposed to board PAL Flight PR654 on Saturday to visit her husband in Saudi Arabia, But now, she is facing a five-year jail term if convicted, and a hefty fine or both. Making any threat concerning bombs, explosives or similar devices or means of destruction is a major violation of aviation rules where the airport is located.
This is not first time that such a nasty incident created a scene at the airport or on board a mid-air plane. In an incident recently, a Saudia Boeing 777 carrying 287 passengers made an emergency landing in Cairo airport after its captain received a bomb threat. But, the investigators found no bomb on board.
In another hoax bomb incident, a Qatar Airways plane was escorted into Manchester airport by a military jet when a man aboard who was arrested made a bomb threat.
Saudi Ministry of Culture launches platform for scholarship applications /node/1615471/saudi-arabia
Saudi Ministry of Culture launches platform for scholarship applications
The scholarship program is open to those who wish to obtain a bachelor's, master's or Ph.D. degree in various cultural and arts fields
The courses provided by the program include music, theater, visual arts
RIYADH: The Ministry of Culture has launched a website for applications from students who wish to join the Culture Scholarship Program. From Sunday, applications can be made at https://engage.moc.gov.sa/scholarships on three tracks: Self-financed students, pre-accepted students and the new students. The website features the application forms, benefits and general conditions for each track, as well as a list of relevant educational institutions.
The scholarship program is open to those who wish to obtain a bachelor's, master's or Ph.D. degree in various cultural and arts fields from the world's most prominent educational institutions.
The courses provided by the program include music, theater, visual arts (drawing, sculpture, art theory, calligraphy, art history, photography and cinematography) filmmaking, literature and linguistics, archaeology, culinary arts, design, architecture and libraries and museums.
The program offers several advantages for both self-financed students and pre-accepted students. Scholarships cover all tuition fees, financial support, living expenses, health care and return flights to the scholarship's location for both the student and their companion.
Students in these two tracks are offered guidance and assessment programs to check their academic development during the program, as well as getting support in other aspects needed for their advancement. After their graduation, students in these two tracks can also join training programs abroad for a maximum of two years.
The program offers several advantages to new students who have not yet received acceptance. The program helps them to get the qualifications they need to be accepted by universities by offering assistance in overcoming obstacles such as language proficiency and interpersonal skills.
The program supports the students by organizing training workshops to develop their talents and skills. It introduces them to specialized experts in the field related to their scholarships. The program saves students time and effort and supports them throughout the whole registration process, by helping them write their resumes and complete their portfolios professionally.
The scholarship program is an educational first in Saudi Arabia, and is part of a Ministry of Culture initiative to develop national cadres specialized in cultural and arts fields so as to develop the sector and meet the increasing requirements of the labor market.
Topics: Saudi Arabia Culture Ministry