text:
Q: C# Ejercicio programación concurrente [Matriz => sacar dos Listas] Dada una matriz de números enteros rectangular, calcular de forma paralela dos listas: una con los
valores positivos y otra con los valores negativos. Lo que llevo hasta ahora es lo siguiente:
class Worker
{
    private int[,] A;
    private int índiceDesde, índiceHasta;
    private List<int> listaN, listaP;

    /// <summary>
    /// Trabajor encargado de sacar las listas Positivas y Negativas de la matriz A dejándolas sobre la listaP y la listaN
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="índiceDesde"></param>
    /// <param name="índiceHasta"></param>
    /// <param name="A">Matriz a valorar</param>
    /// <param name="listaP">Lista de numeros Positivos</param>
    /// <param name="listaN">Lista de numeros Negativos</param>
    internal Worker(int índiceDesde, int índiceHasta, int[,] A, ref List<int> listaP, ref List<int> listaN)
    {
        this.A = A;
        this.índiceDesde = índiceDesde;
        this.índiceHasta = índiceHasta;
        this.listaP = listaP;
        this.listaN = listaN;

    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Metodo que calcula Las listas positivas y negativas de la matiz A
    /// </summary>
    internal void Calcular()
    {
        int contador = 0;
        for (int k = this.índiceDesde; k < this.índiceHasta; k++)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < A.Length; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < A.Length; j++)
                {
                    if (A[i, j] < 0)
                    {
                        listaN.Add(A[i, j]);
                    }

                    else
                    {
                        listaP.Add(A[i, j]);

                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Clase Master:
class Master
{
    private int[,] matrizA;
    private int numeroHilos;
    private List<int> listaN, listaP;

    public Master(int[,] matrizA, ref List<int> listaP, ref List<int> listaN, int posPorHilos)
    {
        this.matrizA = matrizA;
        this.numeroHilos = numHilos(matrizA, posPorHilos);
        this.listaN = listaN;
        this.listaP = listaP;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// Método Auxiliar (opcional)
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="matrizA"></param>
    /// <param name="posPorHilos"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private int numHilos(int[,] matrizA, int posPorHilos)
    {
        return (matrizA.Length / posPorHilos) / 2;
    }

    public void Calcular()
    {
        //REservamos espacio para el array de trabajadores
        Worker[] workers = new Worker[numeroHilos];
        int elementosPorHilo = this.matrizA.Length / numeroHilos;
        for (short i = 0; i < numeroHilos; i++)
            workers[i] = new Worker(i * elementosPorHilo,
                (i < this.numeroHilos - 1) ? (i + 1) * elementosPorHilo - 1 : this.matrizA.Length - 1,
                matrizA,ref listaP,ref listaN);

        //Creamos y lanzamos los hilos trabajadores
        Thread[] hilos = new Thread[workers.Length];
        for (short i = 0; i < hilos.GetLength(0); i++)
        {
            hilos[i] = new Thread(workers[i].Calcular);
            hilos[i].Name = "Worker Matriz ListaPositivos y Lista Negativos  " + (i);
            hilos[i].Priority = ThreadPriority.BelowNormal;
            hilos[i].Start();
        }
        //Esperamos por la finalización de los hilos trabajadores.
        foreach (Thread hilo in hilos)
            hilo.Join();
    }
}

Clase Program:
public class Program
{

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        int[,] A = CrearMatrizAleatoria(4, 5, -10, 10);
        List<int> lista1, lista2;
        int numeroHilos = 5;
        System.Console.WriteLine("Matriz A");
        mostrarMatriz(A);

        // Ejercicio 1.
        ejercicio1(A, out lista1, out lista2, 4); //Modificar la signatura del método ejercicio1 para que reciba como parámetro las partes en que se dividirá A
        System.Console.WriteLine("Ejercicio1. Calcula Listas sin TPL y con nPartes hilos");
        mostrar(lista1); mostrar(lista2);

    }
    //
    // Ejercicio1
    // Versión paralela sin TPL y numeroHilos = nPartes
    //
    public static void ejercicio1(int[,] A, out List<int> lista1, out List<int> lista2, int numeroHilos)
    {
        lista1 = null; lista2 = null;
        //List<int> listaN = null;
        //List<int> listaP = null;
        //int numeroHilos = 0;
        //mostrarMatriz(A);

        ///CODIGO
        List<int> listaN = null;
        List<int> listaP = null;
        System.Console.WriteLine("\tMatriz Original\n");
        mostrarMatriz(A);

        Master master = new Master(A, ref lista1, ref lista2, numeroHilos);
        master.Calcular();
    }
    public static int[,] CrearMatrizAleatoria(int filas, int columnas, int menor, int mayor) {
        int[,] vector = new int[filas, columnas];
        Random random = new Random(1);
        for (int i = 0; i < filas; i++)
            for (int j = 0; j < columnas; j++)
               vector[i,j] = (int)random.Next(menor, mayor + 1);
        return vector;
    }

    public static void mostrarMatriz(int [,] matriz)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < matriz.GetLength(0); i++)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < matriz.GetLength(1); j++)
                System.Console.Write(matriz[i,j]+" ");
            System.Console.WriteLine();
        }
    }
    public static void mostrar<T>(IEnumerable<T> lista)
    {
        foreach (T x in lista) {
            Console.Write(x + " ");
        }
        Console.WriteLine();
    }
}
}

El programa al ejecutarlo "casca", me da error en la clase Worker a la altura de:
listaN.Add(A[i, j]);

Aunque creo que no debe ser lo único que tengo mal, necesitaría algo de ayuda y orientación, gracias.
Me aparece el siguiente error al compilar:

Excepción no controlada:
  Excepción no controlada: System.NullReferenceExcepti
  stablecida como instancia de un objeto.
     en Matriz.Worker.Calcular() en C:\Users\powerserv
  CURSO\Segundo Semestre\TPP\Exe
     en System.Threading.ThreadHelper.ThreadStart_Cont
     en System.Threading.ExecutionContext.RunInternal(
  ntext, ContextCallback callback, Object state, Boole
     en System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(Executio
  ontextCallback callback, Object state, Boolean prese
     en System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(Executio
  ontextCallback callback, Object state)
     en System.Threading.ThreadHelper.ThreadStart()
  System.NullReferenceException: Referencia a objeto n
   de un objeto.
     en Matriz.Worker.Calcular() en C:\Users\powerserv
  CURSO\Segundo Semestre\TPP\Exe
     en System.Threading.ThreadHelper.ThreadStart_Cont
     en System.Threading.ExecutionContext.RunInternal(
  ntext, ContextCallback callback, Object state, Boole
     en System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(Executio
  ontextCallback callback, Object state, Boolean prese
     en System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(Executio
  ontextCallback callback, Object state)
     en System.Threading.ThreadHelper.ThreadStart()

A: Aquí va el código del programa ya corregido por si a alguien le interesa:
Clase Worker:
internal class WorkerMatriz
{
    private int[,] matriz;

    private int indiceDesde, indiceHasta;

    private List<int> resultadoP;
    private List<int> resultadoN;

    internal WorkerMatriz(int indiceDesde, int indiceHasta, int[,] matriz, ref List<int> resultadoP, ref List<int> resultadoN)
    {
        this.indiceDesde = indiceDesde;
        this.indiceHasta = indiceHasta;
        this.matriz = matriz;
        this.resultadoP = resultadoP;
        this.resultadoN = resultadoN;
    }

    internal void Espejo()
    {
        int matACols = matriz.GetLength(1);
        int matARows = matriz.GetLength(0);

        for (int i = 0; i < matARows; i++)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < matACols; j++)
            {
                if (matriz[i, j] > 0)
                    resultadoP.Add(matriz[i, j]);
                else
                {
                    resultadoN.Add(matriz[i, j]);
                }
            }
        }

    }
}

Clase Master:
 class MasterMatriz
{
    int[,] matriz;
    int numeroHilos;
    List<int> resultadoP;
    List<int> resultadoN;

    public MasterMatriz(int[,] matriz, List<int> resultadoP, List<int> resultadoN, int posPorHilos)
    {
        this.matriz = matriz;
        this.resultadoP = resultadoP;
        this.resultadoN = resultadoN;
        this.numeroHilos = numHilos(matriz, posPorHilos);
    }

    /// Posible opcion de posicion por hilos ///

    //public Master(short[] vector, ref short[] resultado, int posPorHilos)
    //{
    //    this.vector = vector;
    //    this.resultado = resultado;
    //    this.numeroHilos = numHilos(vector, posPorHilos);
    //}
    /// <summary>
    /// Metodo auxiliar
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="vector"></param>
    /// <param name="posPorHilo"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    int numHilos(int[,] matriz, int posPorHilo)
    {
        return (matriz.Length / posPorHilo) / 2;
    }

    public void CalcularEspejo()
    {
        WorkerMatriz[] workers = new WorkerMatriz[this.numeroHilos];
        int elementosPorHilo = this.matriz.Length / numeroHilos;
        for (int i = 0; i < numeroHilos; i++)
        {
            workers[i] = new WorkerMatriz(i * elementosPorHilo,
                (i < this.numeroHilos - 1) ? (i + 1) * elementosPorHilo - 1 : this.matriz.Length - 1,// último
                matriz, ref resultadoP, ref resultadoN);
        }
        Thread[] hilos = new Thread[numeroHilos];
        for(int i=0; i<numeroHilos; i++)
        {
            hilos[i] = new Thread(workers[i].Espejo);
            hilos[i].Name = "Worker Vectores " + (i + 1);  // nos llamamos entonces (opcional)
            hilos[i].Priority = ThreadPriority.BelowNormal;  // les asignamos una prioridad (opcional)
            hilos[i].Start();
        }
        for(int i= 0; i < hilos.Length; i++)
        {
            hilos[i].Join();
        }
        }
    }

Clase Program:
public class ProgramaMatriz {

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        //Ejemplo1
        int[,] A = CrearMatrizAleatoria(4, 5, -10, 10);
        int PosPorHiloA = 5;
        System.Console.WriteLine("Matriz A");
        mostrarMatriz(A);

        // Ejercicio 1.
        System.Console.WriteLine("Ejercicio1. Espejo de un vector sin TPL");
        ejercicio1(A, PosPorHiloA);

    }

    //
    // Ejercicio1
    // Versión paralela del cálculo del espejo de un vector sin TPL.
    //
    public static void ejercicio1(int [,]A, int PosPorHiloA)
    {
        ejercicio1tucodigo(A, PosPorHiloA);

    }
    public static void ejercicio1tucodigo(int [,]matriz, int PosPorHilo)
    {
      List<int> resultadoP = null;
      List<int> resultadoN = null;
      System.Console.WriteLine("Matriz Original");
      mostrarMatriz<int>(matriz);

        //Aqui va tu codigo
        resultadoP = new List<int>(matriz.GetLength(0));
        resultadoN = new List<int>(matriz.GetLength(0));
        MasterMatriz master = new MasterMatriz(matriz,  resultadoP, resultadoN, PosPorHilo);
        master.CalcularEspejo();

      System.Console.WriteLine("\nVector resultado negativos");
      mostrar<int>(resultadoN);
        System.Console.WriteLine("\nVector resultado positivos");
        mostrar<int>(resultadoP);
        System.Console.WriteLine();
    }

    public static void mostrarVector<T>(T[] matriz)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < matriz.GetLength(0); i++)
        {
                System.Console.Write(matriz[i] + " ");

        }
    }
    public static void mostrarMatriz<T>(T[,] matriz)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < matriz.GetLength(0); i++)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < matriz.GetLength(1); j++)
            {
                System.Console.Write(matriz[i, j] + " ");
            }
            System.Console.WriteLine();

        }
    }
    public static int[,] CrearMatrizAleatoria(int filas, int columnas, int menor, int mayor)
    {
        int[,] vector = new int[filas, columnas];
        Random random = new Random(1);
        for (int i = 0; i < filas; i++)
            for (int j = 0; j < columnas; j++)
                vector[i, j] = (int)random.Next(menor, mayor + 1);
        return vector;
    }

    public static void mostrar<T>(IEnumerable<T> lista)
    {
        foreach (T x in lista)
        {
            Console.Write(x + " ");
        }
        Console.WriteLine();
    }
}

Resultado:
Matriz A
-5 -8 -1 6 3
-1 -3 9 -8 3
-10 -5 -4 10 4
3 -5 2 4 4
Ejercicio1.
Matriz Original
-5 -8 -1 6 3
-1 -3 9 -8 3
-10 -5 -4 10 4
3 -5 2 4 4
Vector resultado negativos
-5 -8 -1 -1 -3 -8 -10 -5 -4 -5 -5 -8 -1 -1 -3 -8 -10 -5 -4 -5
Vector resultado positivos
6 3 9 3 10 4 3 2 4 4 6 3 9 3 10 4 3 2 4 4
Presione una tecla para continuar . . .
Saludos!


They argue Miranda got Hamilton all wrong — the Founding Father wasn't progressive at all, his actual role as a slave owner has been whitewashed and the pro-immigrant figure onstage hides the fact he was, in fact, an anti-immigration elitist.
Reed's own play borrows from Charles Dickens in portraying a naive Miranda being visited by a succession of ghostly slaves, Native Americans and indentured servants — people Reed argued never made it into the Tony-, Grammy- and Pulitzer-winning musical. "What I tried to do was to cover the voices that were not present onstage," Reed said.
Perhaps in a veiled response to critics, producers of "Hamilton" have created an immersive exhibit — to open in Chicago this fall — that promises to take "visitors deeper into the life and times" of Hamilton. How much it will try to correct the impressions made in the musical are unclear.


text:
October 25, 2017 / 2:30 PM / 2 years ago
Kenya opposition leader - supporters should boycott polls, hold prayers
NAIROBI (Reuters) - Kenya opposition leader Raila Odinga urged supporters to boycott Thursday's repeat presidential election and persuade their friends to do the same, saying his opposition movement would be transformed into a resistance movement against the government.
"From today we are transforming the NASA coalition into a resistance movement," he told a cheering crowd of thousands of people in Uhuru Park in the capital of Nairobi. He wants new elections held within 90 days, he said.
reporting by George Obulutsa; writing by Katharine Houreld; Editing by Toby Chopra

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Mr. Ari Lehtoranta has been appointed Group President and Chief Executive Officer at Caverion Oyj effective as of January 1, 2017. He previously was Independent Chairman of the Board of Directors of Caverion Oyj from March 16, 2015 till November 15, 2016. Before that, he has been Independent Vice Chairman of the Board since March 17, 2014. He has been Independent Member of the Company's Board since June 30, 2013. He is Chairman of the Human Resources Committee. He has been President and Chief Executive Officer of Nokian Tyres Plc since 2014. He was Executive Vice President, Central and North Europe at KONE Corporation (2010-2014). Before that, he served at KONE Corporation as Executive Vice President, Major Projects, 2008-2010; Nokia Siemens Networks/Nokia Networks, as Head of Radio Access, 2005-2008; Nokia Corporation as Vice President of Operational Human Resources, 2003-2005; Nokia Networks as Head of Broadband Division, Head of Systems Integration and Customer Services for Europe, 1999-2003; Nokia Telecommunications as Managing Director in Italy and various other positions, 1985-2003. He has been Member of the Board of East Office of Finnish Industries since 2015. In 2013 he was Member of the Board of YIT Corporation. He holds a Master of Science degree in Engineering.
Mr. Markus Ehrnrooth has been Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors of Caverion Oyj since March 17, 2017. He has been Director of the Company since March 16, 2015. He holds a Master of Science degree in Technology and Bachelor of Science degree in Political Science (economics). He has been Co-Founder of Knomi Oy since 2013. He served at Morgan Stanley as Vice President (2012-2013), Associate (2010-2012) and Analyst (2008-2010).
Mr. Martti Ala-Harkonen has been appointed Chief Financial Officer at Caverion Oyj effective as of September 19, 2016. His latest position has been CFO of Cramo Group. Prior to that, he worked as CFO and SVP-Business Development of WM-data Oy and Novo Group Plc and in finance manager positions at Postipankki Plc. He holds Doctorate of Science (Economics) and Licentiate of Science (Technology).
Mr. Werner Kuehn has served as Executive Vice President, Internal Consultant at Caverion Oyj, from January 1, 2019 until June 30, 2019. Between October 1, 2014 and December 31, 2018 he occupied the post of the Company's Executive Vice President & CEO - Division Germany. He joined Caverion from Tyco Fire & Security, Germany, where he has worked as General Manager and Managing Director from 2012. He has over 15 years of experience from managing director and executive positions internationally and nationally. He has previously held positions such as Vice President EMEA Avocent at Emerson Network Power, Director Sales & Marketing Europe at Proficiency Inc., Chief Research Officer in HTCS-International, Vice President of UC-Networks and General Manager of Azlan, Europe's network and security distributor. He holds a post graduate diploma in Business Informatics.
Mr. Manfred Simmet serves as Senior Vice President & CEO, Division Austria of Caverion Oyj. He was Managing Director, Caverion Oesterreich GmbH (Austria) at the Company from July 1, 2013. He previously served at YIT Austria GmbH, Austria as Managing Director (2008-2013); Siemens as Head of Business segment HVAC Austria and International (including Russia and Ukrain) (2005-2008); Siemens as responsible for organization development during integration of VA Tech Elin EBG into Siemens in 2005; VA Tech Elin EBG as Head of department HVAC and BMS for Austria and international (2002-2005); VA Tech Elin EBG as Team Leader and Project Manager for HVAC and BMS (1991-2002); Elin Energieanwendung as Project Manager for HVAC (1988-1991); Elin Energieanwendung as Project Engineer BMS (1987-1988). He holds Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering.
Mr. Jarno Hacklin has been appointed Vice President, Project Management and Execution Development at Caverion Oyj effective as of June 1, 2018. He no longer serves as Head of Business Unit Projects at Caverion Oyj effective as of June 1, 2018. He has held the position since January 9, 2017. He was Executive Vice President & CEO, Division Finland at the Company until January 9, 2017, Managing Director, Caverion Suomi Oy (Finland) at the Company from July 1, 2013. He was previously Managing Director at YIT Kiinteistotekniikka Oy (2011-2013); Business Segment Manager (2010-2011) and Business Development Manager Russia and the Baltics (2009-2010) at YIT Kiinteistotekniikka Oy; Supply Manager, Russia and the Baltics at ZAO YIT Peter, (St. Petersburg, Russia) (2006-2009); Procurement Manager at YIT Kiinteistotekniikka Oy, Building Services Finland (2003-2006) and Project Engineer at YIT Huber Oy (2001-2003). He holds Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering.
Ms. Anne Viitala has served as Head of Legal and Governance of Caverion Oyj since January 9, 2017. She holds a Master of Legal Letters degree, is trained on the bench and holds an executive Master of Business Administration degree. She has background in international service business. Ms. Viitala previously worked at Poyry PLC for more than 20 years, most recently as Executive Vice President, Legal and Communications & Group General Counsel.
Ms. Minna Schrey-Hyppanen has been appointed Head of Human Resources at Caverion Oyj effective as of June 26, 2017. She holds Master of Science degrees in Engineering and Economics. Minna Schrey-Hyppanen has recently worked as Executive Vice President, Human Resources at Uponor Corporation. She has a strong background in various human resources management and executive positions at UPM Kymmene, Nokia and Sonera.
Mr. Knut Gaaserud has been appointed Head of Division Norway at Caverion Oyj effective as of January 1, 2018. He no longer serves as Executive Vice President & CEO, Division Denmark - Norway at Caverion Oyj effective as of January 1, 2018. He has held the position since January 1, 2016. He was Managing Director, Caverion Norge AS (Norway) and Member of the Group Management Board at Caverion Oyj from July 1, 2013. Before that, he served at YIT AS (Norway) as Managing Director (2013); Senior Vice President Sales, Marketing, Strategy and Media (2009-2012); Director AV Division (2006-2009); Manager Business Development Service (2004-2006). He also served at Thommessen&Co as Partner, consultant (2002-2004); Cell Network/ Bouvet as Chief Operation Officer (2000-2002); Andersen Consulting / Accenture as Project Manager, Consultant, Manager (1992-2000). He holds Master of Science degree in Technology.
Mr. Thomas Hietto has been appointed Head of Business Unit Services of Caverion Oyj, effective as of July 1, 2017. He holds a Master of Science degree in Technology. He previously worked at KONE Corporation in various positions for about 20 years, half of which in managerial positions in Asia. He has also acted as the Managing Director of KONE Finland and Baltics and been responsible for the global maintenance business at KONE. Currently he is studying at Stanford University in the United States.
Mr. Michael Michael has been appointed Head of Caverion Projects Business Unit at Caverion Oyj effective as of June 1, 2018. Michael Kaiser has an extensive, 30-year background in projects. He joins us from Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions where his latest position has been Executive Vice President, responsible for the USA and North America. Before that Michael Kaiser has worked in leading positions in various other countries, latest in Brazil. Michael Kaiser has studied Electrical Engineering at the University of Wuppertal and South Westphalia University of Applied Sciences, Germany.
Mr. Frank Krause has been Head of Division Germany at Caverion Oyj, effective as of January 1, 2019. Since 2015 he has occupied the post of Head of Services business and Sales at Caverion Germany. Between 2008 and 2015 he served as Chief Sales & Service Officer and Managing Director - Switzerland at KEYMILE AG. From 2005 until 2007 he was General Manager Europe at MRV Communication. He also acted as Managing Director, Germany, Austria and Switzerland and Corporate Vice President of Telindus Group Belgium at Telindus GmbH (during 1999-2005). From 194 until 1998 he served as Regional Director - Germany at O.tel.o GmbH. During 1984-1993 he held various sales and management positions, Germany and Australia within Digital Equipment. Mr. Frank Krause is a qualified IT programmer.
Mr. Juha Edvard Mennander has been Head of Division Sweden at Caverion Oyj since June 1, 2018. He no longer serves as Head of Market Operations effective as of May 8, 2019 at the latest. He has held the position since January 1, 2018. Juha Mennander has been Managing Director of KONE France. He has a long international career with KONE where he has managed companies in Scandinavia, Canada and Poland, among other things.
Mr. Carsten Soerensen has been appointed Head of Division Denmark at Caverion Oyj effective as of January 1, 2019. He worked in Caverion Division Denmark-Norway as a Vice President, Industrial Solutions during 2015-2017. He rejoined Caverion from the position of Group CEO at Qubiqa A/S.
Mr. Ville Tamminen has been appointed Head of Division Finland and Baltics of Caverion Oyj effective as of July 1, 2018. He has previously served as Head of Division Finland since January 9, 2017. He holds a Master of Legal Letters degree and is trained on the bench. He has acted as Vice President, Sales and Business Development in Caverion Finland since 2011 responsible for business development, sales, marketing and communications. Before that he has acted in various positions in sales and governance in Caverion Finland since 2007.
Mr. Klas Tocklin has been appointed Head of Managed Services (MSO) and Key Accounts in Sweden at Caverion Oyj effective as of June 1, 2018. He no longer serves as Executive Vice President & CEO, Division Sweden at Caverion Oyj effective as of June 1, 2018. He has held the position since August 10, 2016. Klas Tocklin has worked in the executive positions in Caverion and YIT since 2006, most recently as Vice President, Managed Services Business Development in the Group Business Development & Marketing at Caverion. He has over 20 years of experience from executive and consultant positions in the building systems industry in ABB, TAC Svenska and EVR & Wahlings. He holds Bachelor of Science in Engineering.
Mr. Sakari Toikkanen has served as Head of Division Industrial Solutions at Caverion Oyj since June 21, 2017. He no longer serves as Head of Strategy & IT & Communications at the Company effective as of January 1, 2018. He has held the position since January 9, 2017. He was Interim President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company from May 17, 2016 until January 1, 2017. He was also Vice President, Group Strategy and M&A. He previously was Senior Vice President, Group Development & Strategy of Caverion Oyj from July 1, 2013 until March 1, 2016. He was previously Senior Vice President, Business Development (2008-2013) and Executive Vice President (2006-2008) at YIT Corporation; Executive Vice President at YIT Building Systems Ltd (2003-2005); Vice President, Corporate Planning at YIT Corporation (2001-2003); Development Manager (1999-2000), Quality Manager (1997-1998) at YIT Construction Ltd and Researcher at Helsinki University of Technology (1993-1996). He holds Licentiate in Technology degree.
Ms. Anna Hyvonen has been Independent Member of the Board of Directors at Caverion Oyj since June 30, 2013. She is Executive Vice President, North Europe Central at Ramirent Plc. She was SVP, Finlanf at Ramirent Plc from 2012 until 2013. She also held management tasks with the Maintenance Business unit at KONE Corporation from 2008 until 2012. From 2006 until 2008, she was at KONE Corporation, Head of Portfolio management and business excellence, Service business, Nokia Networks/Nokia Siemens Network. She serves as Member of the Human Resources Committee of the Company. She holds a Licentiate in Technology degree.


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Exercici -- Aspectes psicològics -- Revistes.
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<http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/4915429709#Agent/american_physiological_society> # American Physiological Society.
schema:location <http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/4915429709#Place/bethesda_md> ; # Bethesda, Md.
schema:organizer <http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/4915429709#Agent/american_physiological_society> ; # American Physiological Society.


Inspired by high-end menswear, the Tibbee collection is tailored to perfection and dressed to impress. Button-less tufting on the back cushions is richly subtle. Sleek, flared armrests enhance Tibbee's clean-lined, simply striking profile.


Branches : Computers related will be preferred. Other branches with experience will be preferred.
solutions. Prepares test and diagnostic programs, designs test fixtures and test tools, and completes validation specifications and procedures for new and changes to existing products. Plans the effort, schedules, equipment, and software required for validating and evaluating our solutions. Uses current product performance information and other means to gauge customer usage to the product development teams.
•Develops and documents test plans and test cases for newly developed or current hardware, software and solutions products.
•Develops test tools and automation for in use testing.
•Test execution and results reporting to development engineers and leadership.
•Creates test plans that include resource requirements, schedule assumptions and scope based on inputs from the Development and Marketing.
•Provides the Engineering Manager with a High Level Test Strategy and comprehensive test plan for new hardware, software and solutions products.
•Executes test strategy/plan and reports the results of product validation on new hardware, software and solutions products.
•Interfaces with external validation partners to develop comprehensive test plans and tests coverage across multiple test organizations.
•Knowledge of basic principles, methods, technologies and practices of a professional/technical field.
•typically obtained through formal study.
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•Ability to relate actual day-to-day work to business priorities.
•Focused on learning the key aspects and duties of the job being performed.


text:
"We're Living in a Rigged System": Ari Berman Says GOP Uses Gerrymandering to Stay in Power
StoryJanuary 29, 2018
Ari Berman
senior writer at Mother Jones and a reporting fellow at The Nation Institute, author of Give Us the Ballot: The Modern Struggle for Voting Rights in America.
We speak with Ari Berman, senior writer at Mother Jones and a reporting fellow at The Nation Institute, about his new for piece for Rolling Stone titled "How the GOP Rigs Elections." "We like to think in this country, if you get the most votes, you're the winner. But that's not how it works, because of gerrymandering right now," Berman notes.
StoryJun 13, 2018"Relic of Jim Crow Era": Ari Berman on Supreme Court's Decision to Uphold Ohio's Voter Purge
JUAN GONZÁLEZ: Ari, I wanted to ask you about another topic you've written a lot about, the issue of gerrymandering, especially in several states. There are several court cases now that have—appear to be headed toward the Supreme Court decision on political gerrymandering. Could you talk about—gerrymandering has existed for—ever since districts have existed in the United States. What's different about what's been happening in the last few years under Republicans in some of the local states?
ARI BERMAN: Well, gerrymandering has existed forever, but it's gotten so much worse in recent years, with the maps being so sophisticated in terms of how they're drawn, and Republicans, in particular, targeting Democrats in such sophisticated ways. So you have situation in Wisconsin, for example, which is where my new piece in Rolling Stone is set, where, in 2012, Democrats won 51 percent of the vote in Wisconsin, but Republicans picked up 60 of 99 seats in the Wisconsin State Assembly. So you have a situation in America, not just in Wisconsin, but in other states, as well, where Republicans are getting a minority of votes but a majority of seats. And that violates basic norms of American democracy. It violates the whole notion of one person, one vote. We like to think in this country, if you get the most votes, you're the winner. Well, that's not how it works, because of gerrymandering right now.
AMY GOODMAN: And explain the role of Governor Scott Walker of Wisconsin.
ARI BERMAN: Well, Wisconsin has really been the test case, the laboratory for the Koch brothers and so many other people, for destroying the progressive movement and corrupting democracy. And Scott Walker has led this effort. Wisconsin, since he took over in 2010, has passed the worst gerrymandering in the country, the worst voter suppression laws and the worst dark money laws. And what they're doing is they're systematically corrupting every lever of democracy to try to give Republicans more power.
And they've turned a purple state, a state that gave birth to unions, to Social Security, to so many other important progressive achievements—they've turned it into a laboratory for the Koch brothers and other big money interests to have their way. And they've decimated all the things that made Wisconsin such an important progressive state historically. And this is the model that Republicans want to export all across the country. And that's why I set my Rolling Stone article in Wisconsin, because what happens there has had major national ramifications all across the country.
JUAN GONZÁLEZ: And how is it that they're able to, through more sophisticated gerrymandering, get such large majorities, even though they have a minority vote? Could you talk about the cracking and packing and the different methods that they use?
ARI BERMAN: Well, I talk about one state Senate district in Wisconsin which was a 50-50 state Senate district, in Racine, in southeast Wisconsin. And basically, what they did is they drew a district so that a GOP state senator, his house remained in his Democratic neighborhood, but all of his neighbors were drawn out of his districts. I've never even seen something like this before. You go to his house, you go two houses down. He lives in a Democratic neighborhood. All his Democratic neighbors have been removed. And instead, they gave him all of the Republican countryside of Racine and Kenosha counties. So, that's how they've turned a 50-50 swing district, previously, into a firmly Republican district. And that kind of thing, both spreading Democrats out—the cracking—and then isolating them into a few areas—the packing—is how Republicans have gerrymandered all across the country.
AMY GOODMAN: What does this all mean, as we wrap up, for the 2018 midterms?
ARI BERMAN: What it means is that a lot of people think that Democrats are going to win, but Democratic chances are going to be hurt by gerrymandering, by voter suppression, by dark money. And regardless of what happens with the political parties, our democracy is under attack on so many different fronts, from gerrymandering, from voter suppression, from unlimited corporate spending. And that's really what should worry all of us. No matter who wins the election, we're living in a rigged system right now.
AMY GOODMAN: Ari Berman, we want to thank you for being with us, senior writer at Mother Jones, reporting fellow at Nation Institute, author of Give Us the Ballot: The Modern Struggle for Voting Rights in America. We'll link to your new piece in Rolling Stone, "How the GOP Rigs Elections."
And that does it for our show. Democracy Now! is hiring a full-time news fellow. Submit your application by February 5th. Find out more at democracynow.org.
And you can sign up for our daily digest and news headlines by texting the word "democracynow"—one word—to 66866.
"Relic of Jim Crow Era": Ari Berman on Supreme Court's Decision to Uphold Ohio's Voter Purge


text:
Чорна вдова () - вид павуків, поширений в Північній і Південній Америці. Небезпечний для людини.

Опис
Дорослий павук забарвлений в чорний колір. Самки, як правило, мають червону пляму у формі пісочного годинника на нижньому боці черевця і кілька червоних цяток біля павутинних бородавок і на спині. Довжина тіла самки 8-10 мм.

Дорослі самці чорної вдови відрізняються від самок дрібними розмірами (3-4 мм в довжину) і подовженим черевцем (у самок воно кругле). Ноги їх розфарбовані в оранжево-чорну смужку, на боках черевця - червоні і білі відмітини.

Молоді павучки пофарбовані в білий або жовтувато-білий колір і темніють з кожним наступним линянням.

Спосіб життя
Павуки живуть поодинці і зустрічаються один з одним тільки для спарювання. Харчується чорна вдова в основному комахами, але іноді також багатоніжками, коханими і іншими павуками. Середня тривалість життя в природі близько року, максимально до 3 років, в неволі до 4.

Турбота про потомство
Відкладені яйця самка обмотує павутиною, так що врешті-решт виходить щільний яйцевої кокон грушоподібної форми. Самка носить його з собою і охороняє до тих пір, поки всередині нього не вилупляться молоді павучки. Незабаром після цього вони вибираються з кокона і починають самостійне життя.

Павучата вилуплюються через 2-4 тижні.

Небезпека для людини
Чорна вдова не агресивна по відношенню до людини і кусає лише для самозахисту в безвихідній ситуації (якщо, наприклад, павука придавити рукою). Укуси чорної вдови небезпечні - вони викликають хворобливий стан, відомий як латродектізм . Через годину після укусу нейротоксин під назвою α-латротоксин поширюється по лімфатичній системі жертви. Виникає вкрай болюча судома м'язів живота. Можлива блювота, рясне потовиділення, спрага. Однак при належному лікуванні хвороба, як правило, закінчується повним одужанням.

Смертність від укусів
Відомості про загиблих від укусів чорної вдови дещо суперечливі.

У книзі «Arthropod venoms» вказується, що, за даними публікації 1932 року, летальність в США склала близько 6% (38 з 613 випадків), із застереженням, що ці дані «звичайно не включають випадки легкого перебігу хвороби, облік яких істотно знизив би величину смертності».

Інші автори стверджують, що невідомо жодного випадку смерті від павуків роду Latrodectus в Америці (але в літературі описано кілька випадків, пов'язаних з павуками цього роду, в інших частинах світу).

У наш час в США щорічно реєструється близько 2500 укусів чорної вдови, лише частина з яких вимагає медичної допомоги (у 2008 році  - 2511, з них було надано медичну допомогу - 996; у 2010 році  - 2156 і 892), при цьому жоден пацієнт не помер.

Назва
Павука називають «чорною вдовою», бо самка іноді з'їдає самця після спаровування. Однак буває, що самець йде цілим і неушкодженим і навіть може пізніше злучитися з іншою самкою.

Див. також

 Каракурт
Мандрівний павук

Примітки

Література

Тварини, описані 1775
Метафори
Чорна вдова
Сторінки з неперевіреними перекладами

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Gardenia is a very unique take on the age-old question of whether or not you would choose to know when you were going to die if given the opportunity to find out. It incorporates murder and mystery as well as family and friendship in one highly-entertaining novel.
I paired this book, which is all about predestined death dates, with this gorgeous Destiny Bay Mystae wine. This Mystae is a blend of different wines, just like this book felt very much like a blend of different genres.
While I've definitely seen some stories out there that tackle this same existential concept, I definitely felt like Kelsey Sutton did a great job of putting her own spin on it, and I loved that she integrated a murder mystery alongside it. I would definitely categorize this book more as a contemporary read than a mystery, because I do feel like this was more about Ivy and her journey and less about the murders, though they definitely added an important element of intrigue and excitement to the plot.
I really enjoyed Ivy as a character. I felt that her psychology was fascinating to explore, and this book was definitely one that had me questioning how I would react if I was put in the same situation. I love books that make you look at life more philosophically, because they make great books for discussion. I do feel like this book certainly accomplished that.
While being very, understandably, standoffish, Ivy is still a very likable and relatable character. It was fascinating to me that she dedicated herself to solving her best friends murder when she knew she only had a month to live, that she chose to pursue something that she felt would give her life meaning over trying to thwart her own fate. I don't think I would do the same thing in that situation, but the way Sutton depicted Ivy's character made it so that choice did not push believability at all. It just added to the overall intrigue of her character.
I very much liked how important family was in Ivy's life, and that Sutton really focused on that family dynamic as well as on Ivy's relationships and interaction with the other citizens of Kennedy. I feel like that focus on relationships is why this book read more like a contemporary for me than a mystery, but it was definitely those contemporary elements that I enjoyed most about the book.
I did feel like Kennedy made a perfect setting for this story. I think having it set in a small town where everyone thinks they know everything about everyone, and then SURPRISE one of them turns out to be a serial killer just really added to the creepiness factor. It gives you this sense of the fact that you never know people as well as you think you do, which can be terrifying.
I do feel like the mystery fell a little bit flat for me. The ultimate revelation of the killer's identity was just a little too abrupt and not quite the surprise that I was hoping it would be. But the mystery the murders created throughout the book was entertaining.
I did enjoy this book, and I would recommend it as a contemporary read with a bit of mystery sprinkled on top.
This isn't my favorite book cover ever, but I do like it. I like how the artist incorporated the train. It's very symbolic of Ivy's impending fate and the feeling she has that she is unable to stop or avoid it. The color scheme also felt very appropriate with the overall tone of the story.
I did like the messy and complicated relationship between Ivy and Myers. It was certainly frustrating at points, which made it more real and interesting.
Kelsey Sutton is the author of teen novels SOME QUIET PLACE and GARDENIA. She is also the author of two novels for middle grade readers, THE LONELY ONES and BENJAMIN. She lives in Minnesota, where she received a dual bachelor's degree in English and Creative Writing from Bemidji State University. She is currently working on a master's degree from Hamline University. Her work has received an Independent Publisher Book Award, an IndieFab Award, and was selected as a Kirkus Reviews Best Teen Book of 2013. When not writing, Kelsey can be found watching too much Netflix, ordering a mocha at the nearest coffee shop, or browsing a bookstore. You can visit her online at www.kelseysuttonbooks.com, like her on Facebook, and follow her on Twitter @KelseyJSutton.
Have you read Gardenia yet? What did you think of it? What are some other books you've read that explored the possibility of knowing your own death date?
Highlights From the The Daughter of the Pirate King Launch Party!
I haven't heard of this book, but it sounds really interesting. I think I'm gonna try to read it soon, and see what I think about it! I'll let ya know 😊 Great review!
Definitely do! It was an interesting book, and there were definitely elements of it that I was really into.
Oh and I'll have to try that wine too!
I super agree that it is far more of a contemporary than a mystery. It got super focused on the that instead of the mystery. Fantastic points!!
Exactly. Which I really liked the contemporary elements of the story. I just wish it was like 50 pages longer and had more of the mystery elements too. Then it would have been a four star for me.
I'm just now realizing that I never came back to these comments even though I said I did in my head. Sorry for the binge liking here. XD ANYWAY, I super agree with this. If it fleshed out the mystery with those 50 more pages, it would have been such a solid 4 stars!
Anytime. 🙂 And it's fine. I mean, it was a three star, so I like it. I just didn't LOVE it. It was entertaining.
Thank you! I'm so glad you liked the book! It wasn't my FAVORITE, but I did like it.


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Bobuild is in public beta and we're adding new features every day. Leave your email to know when the version 1.0 will be officially released.


Heat 1 tbs olive oil in a large skillet. Add the celery, carrot and onion and using medium heat, cook until tender.
Transfer mixture to bowl and allow to cool completely.
Add the cooked quinoa to the bowl, along with the scallions, goat cheese and eggs.
Mix by hand until well incorporated, then add 1/3 cup of instant potato flakes, season with salt and pepper then combine until mixture is firm enough to hold together.
Form the mixture int 8 balls of equal size.
Pour enough canola oil in a nonstick skillet so it measures about 1 inch deep and heat the oil to 350 degrees.
Prepare a wire rack to place the balls atop after frying.
Add the flour to a shallow dish and coat each ball evenly, knocking off excess.
Cook two or three quinoa cakes at a time in the hot oil until golden brown, turning as needed. About 5 minutes total.
Place on a wire rack to drain. This will help to keep them crispy.


This is a portrait of an actor shot backstage while using a computer reflecting a soft light.
It was a quiet moment contrasting with the excitement happening all around during the "Zangoora" show at "Kingdom of Dreams".
This was shot backstage at Kingdom of Dreams a few minutes before a performance of "Zangoora, the Gypsy Prince".
The dancers and aerialists were ajusting their hair style and finishing their make-up.
Lynn Mascarenhas who stands on the right is also acting in the movie we were making, she is an amazing artist, she is also a physiotherapist during daytime and manages to combine those two jobs in a brilliant way.
This is a portrait of Kapil Dhaundiyal who is a dancer at Kingdom of Dreams.
I took this picture as he was going on stage in order to perform in "Zangoora, the Gypsy Prince".
During the film shoot we used to leave all our gear on his make-up table and I have to admit that we were invading his space but he never complained about it.
On the contrary he was always smiling with a contagious happiness.
He is a great entertainer who is taking the stage with an amazing energy.
"Think photographs should be provocative and not tell you what you already know.
It takes no great powers or magic to reproduce somebody's face in a photograph.
This is a picture of Manoj Rajput who is playing Todarmal in "Zangoora, the Gypsy Prince".
This amazing actor was kind enough to strike several poses in front of my camera in his green room a few minutes before performing on the stage at Kingdom of Dreams.
This series of pictures was done during the last days of the film shoot as I was too busy before and I couldn't leave without catching the wonderful energy of this real entertainer.
"When I say I want to photograph someone, what it really means is that I'd like to know them.
This a portrait of MD. Sahidur Rahaman in his green room before being on stage at Kingdom of Dreams.
He is performing Damaru in "Zangoora, the Gypsy Prince".
We did several series of pictures while we were shooting the movie, he told me that he is a photographer as well.
"To be a star is to own the world and all the people in it.
This is a portrait of Bollywood actress Gauhar Khan shot in her green room after a performance on stage.
Gauhar is known for her prominent role in "Rocket Singh: Salesman of the Year" (2009) and for the item song "Parda Parda" in "Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai" (2010).
In 2009 she participated in a popular celebrity dance show, " Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa" where she ended up as the runner up.
Since 2010, she joined the cast of the Bollywood musical, "Zangoora, The Gypsy Prince" at Kingdom of Dreams.
She is also featuring with her sister Nigaar in the popular TV show "The Khan Sisters" which started in 2011.
Recently we have been working together and I was surprised by the absolute professionalism and the positive attitude and energy she carries with herself.
"The joy we get as actors is out of transforming ourselves into something that's not necessarily anything true to ourselves.
This picture was shot in one of the green rooms of Kingdom of Dreams.


Hiya! Would it be possible if I grab Warrior Hair (M) and Shooting Star Face(M/H)?
Hey! The front page has been updated, and the last warrior hair (m) was grabbed a couple posts above yours(I was just able to send it out to him right now.) Sorry for the inconvenience! Is there a different style coupon you would like?
All others requested have been sent out and front page updated.
Thank you so much! I am super grateful!


People go through stages of life, and after a divorce, a person's self-esteem can take a hit. Not only do they begin to feel physically unattractive but mentally and emotionally. Sure some of us need to work on a thing or two to look and feel our best, but it shouldn't lead us to feel unattractive.
The main reason for feeling unattractive is a poor self-image. We have just had a devastating blow (being alone after divorce) and find ourselves wanting to be desirable to others. We feel like we have failed in our marriage and family, we have lost our confidence, and we have been rejected. All these will affect how we view ourselves and need to be addressed. Of course, we should not run right out and start a new romance after divorce, but men and women that feel unattractive aren't always looking to do that.
When it comes to beauty, it is but an illusion. Outward beauty fades, and some of the most desirable people wouldn't make the top 10 of People's Magazine Sexiest Men or Women list. I know when I am hanging out with a group of people the ones that I am drawn to are the ones with a positive attitude and a smile on their face. This has nothing to do with their outward looks. You can be drop-dead gorgeous but mix that with a bad attitude, and you quickly become unattractive.


text:
BATBOY TO THE YANKEES
By RICK MENNING Special to the Sun-Sentinel
BOCA RATON — Devin Herz, 17, has a passion for baseball that transcends the usual physical and emotional drives of a high school player striving to reach that next level.
The senior first baseman on the Spanish River varsity team has crossed the path on to a real-life field of dreams.
Herz is a starter on a Sharks' squad that has won 7 of its first 9 games, he has mingled with and learned from the pros and even recreated his impressions through artistic drawings.
The latter two have been attained through a full-time job as the batboy for the Fort Lauderdale Yankees and Red Sox of the Florida State League for the past two summers.
This spring, his efforts were rewarded by getting the call to serve as batboy for the New York Yankees during seven of their spring training games at Fort Lauderdale Stadium. He worked his first game last Sunday when the Yankees hosted the New York Mets.
At 9 a.m., four hours before game time, Herz was already in the dugout stocking the shelves with helmets and lining up bats for each player. Then it was time to assist the coaches with early field drills.
"I helped to take the cutoffs from the outfield and even spent some time taking throws at first base," Herz said. "That was pretty familiar territory to me."
Herz' career as a batboy began in 1992, while he and his family were attending a minor league game in Fort Lauderdale.
"We got to talking with some of the members of the Yankees' organization and they told us they were in need of a batboy for the Class A season," Herz said. "I was very interested and decided to give it a try."
Herz' lifestyle between April and September of 1992 and '93 changed dramatically as a result of that decision.
No sooner did one of his games or practices at Spanish River end when Herz was busy preparing for his nightly excursion to Fort Lauderdale Stadium.
Herz saw his newfound responsibilities as an opportunity to get a sneak preview of what life might be like for him in a few years if his talent and dedication rewards him with a shot at the majors.
So instead of making plans to go out with friends or attend parties and other social functions, Herz would make the 20-mile trip every time the Yankees or Red Sox played a home game.
"Being a batboy at that level is a lot more than picking up bats and helmets," Herz said. "You are made to feel like a member of the team."
Night in and night out, he would get to work out with the players in some of their fundamental drills like taking tosses and shagging fly balls.
But being a minor league batboy wasn't all serious business.
"One day back in 1992, a former major-leaguer named Kevin Mmahat, who was on rehab in Fort Lauderdale, sprayed a foam cleaner on my helmet as I was sitting outside the dugout," Herz explained. "I had no idea he had done this and, after a few minutes, I realized the players' laughter was directed at me. "It was embarrassing but all in fun."
Management of both the Yankees' and Red Sox' minor league organizations were so impressed with Herz' two years of dedication and commitment that word got back to the New York Yankees that they didn't have to look very far for a reliable batboy to work spring training.
"Devin is a good kid who works very hard for this team," said Mark Zettelmeyer, the Yankees' spring training director. "He's dedicated to what he's doing and has set his sights on a goal to one day be a part of the major leagues."
Even Herz' spare time is centered around baseball. A budding young artist, he has done some paintings and pencil drawings of the players he has been associated with over the years. "It's a thrill to be able to show them my work and ask them to sign it," Herz said.
The only disappointment for Herz is that he will not be able to continue his work as a batboy in the minors this year.
There is no longer a Fort Lauderdale franchise in the Florida State League.
So in his search for a college to attend after he graduates from Spanish River this spring, Herz naturally is looking for a locale where Florida State League baseball is not far from campus.


I don't care if you're a creator (writer, game designer, or dungeon master) or a consumer (reader, gamer, or whatever), a planned magic system is a better magic system. That's right, I went there. Undoubtably there are people out there that disagree with this statement, in fact they might be adding my name to the list of unmentionables as we speak, but I stand by what I said.
First and foremost, because magic is AWESOME!!!
Besides, consumers can tell when a system possesses a certain level of consistency. Even if little information is given beyond displays of power, a good system will provide a feeling of… completeness.
If you couldn't tell, this is important to me. I love magic of all kinds, but I also want it to be good magic. Plus I'm an engineer, or an "enginerd" as my friend likes to call me, and planning gives me a sick thrill. I know you're here for your four reasons,— and we will get there, I promise— but there are a few important things I need to cover first.
Magic is a far more pervasive concept than the classical definition might imply. I'm sure that some people have already clicked away thinking "Bah, magic is stupid. I only read historical fiction with wombats as the protagonist." There's not a lot I can do for them, but since you're still here, allow me to explain.
As far as I'm concerned, magic is anything enabling actions beyond our current understanding or ability.
This definition covers your classic witches, wizards and spellslingers, but it also includes everything from comic book superpowers, racial traits in games, and even, here's the clincher, technology.
X-Men: Telekinesis, weather manipulation, telepathy, regeneration, and laser-eyes. No explanation necessary. X-men = Magic.
Dwarves in D&D: In 5th Edition the dwarves have darkvision, allowing them to see clearly in dim light and poorly in near darkness. It makes sense for underground folk and it's not difficult to imagine, but it is certainly something beyond my capabilities, so magic it is.
Elves in D&D: Not only do the elves of 5th edition have darkvision like the dwarves, but they also have a racial resistance to mental magics such as "Charm" and "Sleep." This trait is clearly something we would never see in our world, because, you know… magic.
Stargate: Supposedly functioning off the principles of wormholes, the Stargate from SG1 and Stargate Atlantas tethers to the much larger concept of faster than light travel. Scientifically possible? Maybe, but we can't be sure, making this another form of magic.
Lightsaber: This iconic weapon has become a staple of western Science Fiction. I'm not a particle physicist, but I know that light doesn't behave like that on its own. There's more here than we can understand, which means the term "magic" pops to mind.
That's exactly my point. Magic and logic don't have to be mutually exclusive. In fact, barring some crazy complex magic where the creator manages to make everything completely random, I don't think you should ever have one without the other. This holds true whether it relates to arcane energies or the extrapolation of scientific principles.
Don't get upset. I'm not trying to destroy the principles on which your sanity rests. I just wanted to show that this discussion on developing magic systems can be applied more broadly than you might first think. Please stop crying. Look, let's just move ahead.
Whether you are building magic for your epic fantasy series, your future SciFi novel, or designing that race of demon-hamsters for your tabletop roleplaying game, here are four reasons you should consider planning it in advance.
Reason 1: It makes you look smart.
People can sense when something isn't agreeing with itself. They don't always know what the inconsistencies are, and they might not even recognize what is causing them distress, but they will feel it. The brain is the most advanced pattern recognition software currently available. Don't underestimate it.
Besides, nothing makes you look more intelligent than a solid, robust, and logical design. It doesn't matter how long it took you to develop, if you manage to anticipate your consumer, you will look like a genius. Why do you think engineer's get such a good rep? They're not any smarter than you, they've just had the training to develop and understand certain patterns.
Reason 2: It opens new options.
Whenever you are creating something, dead ends are inevitable. At some point you won't know how to get your players on track, your characters will be stuck in a tree somewhere, or you need to dissolve the bodies before the police arrive.
If you've done your legwork, then your magic system can provide the answers. Finding new ways to use the tools you have already presented and made available can solve many problems. And if you do this in a way that nobody else thought of, then you will look even smarter.
Reason 3: It helps your readers/players engage more easily.
As I mentioned, our brains love patterns.
I can't speak for everyone in this, but when I see the beginnings of a new and interesting system, I will keep reading/playing just so I can learn more about it. It grabs me by the hair and pulls me right out of reality.
A well built magic system will create character conflicts, story problems, and deepen the world building. All of which sounds pretty good to me.
Reason 4: It leads to better fiction.
Everyone hates plot-holes. This is clear to anyone that has read any book or movie review ever… EVER!
Whether the gaps are larger than the plot itself or just tiny things only an nut job would notice, that one nut job is going to see your work be be forever displeased. You will never catch everything, but if you take the time, plan things out, then your magic, your worlds, and your stories will be better because of it.
As a consumer of someone else's craft, your interactions with magic will be quite different. You don't have the power to change anything once it's written, but by learning to understand and analyze the information presented you will see the following benefits.
Reason 1: It lets you engage more deeply in the story.
The magic is another potential opportunity to latch your brain tentacles onto the story your reading or playing. Sometimes this can be difficult in the beginning, but if you begin hunting for every little hint you can find, you will be into the thick of things before you know it.
Additionally, studying the magic can serve as a gateway into a deeper understanding of the setting and characters themselves. Don't just learn the rules of the magic, find out why the rules exist. Look for the tiny ways its very existence alters the world around it. Analyze what you are given and think about what it means.
Now that you are actively engaged with the world or story, you can spend your energies focused on that rather than this "normal life" everyone keeps ranting about.
Reason 2: It lets you see new options.
Once you're brain grasps a concept, there's no knowing what will turn up. The only certainty is that you will start to spot inconsistencies and interesting opportunities.
Is that a false assumption made by the character? Is that going to come back and bite them later? If they can do X, can they do Y? If the people in this city hate this, what is going to happen when the character shows up?
If you are playing a game, you can take this knowledge and start getting more creative with how you solve and anticipating your problems. Speaking as a tabletop gamer, creative players lead to the most amazing stories (if you want an example, just ask me about the "Hoblider-Bear"). As a reader, you can start to anticipate the awesome things coming down the pipeline and begin extrapolating all sorts of cool scenarios.
Reason 3: It makes you feel smart.
Now you are engaged with the story unfolding before you and your mind has begun racing along new paths and possibilities. You think to yourself, "Wouldn't it be cool if THIS happened?" And then, BAM! There it is right on the next page.
I don't know about you, but it's about that time I start feeling wicked smart. And that's just the beginning.
You anticipated things once, what else are you right about? Even if you're wrong, the author might have come up with something even more awesome. And if they didn't, maybe it's just setting up for something coming later. No matter what, you used your brain to understand something new and extrapolate awesomeness from that knowledge.
Be warned: sometimes you will be disappointed. A story arc will fall flat, a creator will miss an obvious hole or solution, or game won't give you the agency you need to fully explore the system's potential.
Not everyone agrees on this topic, and some just don't want to put in the effort it would require. But despair not; there is still hope. Want to know why?
Because no-one is forcing you to read their books or play that game.
Unless they are. Blink twice if you are being held against your will… No? We're good? Cool.
Never forget that you are an important part in this relationship. I've talked about this before on my blog. If you don't like a book or game, then find something else. It's a big world out there with hundreds of people dying to entertain you.
Take a chance on something new (maybe one of the books suggested here).
Here's the really cool bit. If you support good fiction and gaming and ignore the rest, the industry will have to improve to match. That's right, you have the power to create better fiction by supporting those you love.
Good; that's kind of the point. I firmly believe that magic has something for everyone… Sounds kind of like Disney Land, now that I think about it.
Even if you never create magic of any form, you can still benefit from understanding the process of creating such a system. By making yourself aware of the steps of the process, you will find yourself more capable of analyzing and extrapolating from the information that you have been given.
I don't have time for the full story, but that is actually how I got to where I am today. I loved digging deep into the twists and turns of a particular magic system. I suppose it was only a matter of time before I transitioned from being a consumer to a dealer- I mean creator.
Remember, whether you are a writer, a reader, a gamer, or something else entirely, understanding the magic will lead us all to a world of better fiction. Regardless of our backgrounds, I think that's a goal we can agree on.
You know, I hadn't really thought about it. WAIT! I was just kidding. Please put the rocks down.
It should come as no surprise that planning a magic system is going to take time and effort. There is going to be a ongoing series of posts on the topic to help you through the process of designing or understanding how such systems can be built.
I know that seems like a long time, but the pause will be necessary for you to really dive into some of the steps.
If you sign up for my newsletter, you will get notified of the exact dates you can expect new content. Also, sign up now and receive a list of my favorite YouTube time-wasters for free.
Warning: Many contain explicit content. These are all things that I would have watched in High School, but they might not be something you want your high schooler watching.
Have you tried creating a system? What parts of the process are you struggling with? What questions do you want addressed? Or maybe you're just sick of seeing the same trope over and over again.
Comment below or email me and we will get it figured out. Otherwise, we'll talk again soon. Thanks for stopping by.
Excellent! And this is why I am bugging you to help me get my magic system RIGHT.
Happy to help how I can. Did you see anything new, in the post or not, that we didn't talk about before?
I definitely enjoy the mysterious aspects to magic in fantasy. Being given a taste of what is possible but never knowing the full potential of one's power is always fascinating.
I can see the lure in that. In fact, I'm currently reading "The Black Company" by Glenn Cook and "Uprooted" by Naomi Novik. Both have very soft magic systems and both are outstanding. That's what I love about planning, it doesn't have to be restrictive at all. Even in these stories where we never really know how things work or what the limits are, you can bet the authors have a sense of it. If you like mysterious magic, both "The Black Company" and "Uprooted" are definitely worth checking out.


Walking to school is a great method of transportation for children whose schools are located within a reasonable distance. It improves children's health and allows them to travel independently - but their safety and security is vital.
Walking can also help build children's confidence, as well as teaching them the rules of the road and how to walk safely.
It can help strengthen relationships with the friends they walk with, which can especially help those starting post-primary education.
For children who do not want, or who are not ready, to walk to school unaccompanied, there are a number of alternatives. The Walking Bus scheme, for example, enables children to walk to school in safe, supervised groups.
The Walking Bus concept is a safe, healthy and environmentally-friendly approach to walking large groups of children to and from school.
Each walking bus has an adult 'driver' at the front and an adult 'conductor' at the rear. The children walk to school in a group along a set route picking up additional 'passengers' at specific 'bus stops' along the way. The bus runs in all weather conditions and everyone wears a reflective jacket.
Each walking bus is different, as they are developed to suit the needs of children and their parents.
Some schools have a number of walking buses, while others only have one.
Some walking buses operate only on certain days, while others operate only in the morning or afternoon.
Many are set up and run by the school's Parent and Teacher's Association (PTA). Remember to check with the school principal for permission and support, they may be able to help with the setup.
Remember to arrange insurance cover before starting a walking bus. Your school should be able to advise on this. Why not set up a walking bus at your school?
If the school has a PTA, membership of the Parent Teacher Associations UK (PTA UK) includes insurance cover which includes walking buses.
Or visit the PTA UK website.


BAR HARBOR — Author Vaughn C. Hardacker will launch his third thriller, "Black Orchid," at the Jesup Memorial Library on Thursday, March 17, at 7 p.m.
Mindy Hollis is the quintessential poor little rich girl who runs to Hollywood to find fame and fortune as an actress. Her shocking death sets off a hunt for her killers that spans from glitzy Hollywood to the bowels of Mexico City to a Vancouver movie set.
Hardacker is a veteran of the US Marines and served in Vietnam. He is a member of the New England Chapter of the Mystery Writers of America, and his short stories have been published in several anthologies. He is the author of five novels, including "Sniper," which was selected as a finalist for a 2015 Maine Literary Award in the Crime Fiction category. He lives in Stockholm.


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Tag Archives: oil palm
June 27, 2016 Investigative Journalism, News alert, Syndication from WPM PartnerAWASMifee, corruption, Menara Group, oil palm, Pacific Inter-link, PT Energi Samudera Kencana, PT Graha Kencana Mulia, PT Kartika Cipta Pratama, PT Manunggal Sukses Mandiri, PT Megakarya Jaya Raya, PT Trimegah Karya Utama, PT Usaha Nabati Terpadu, Tadmaxwestpapuamedia
By AwasMIFEE
First Published: JUNE 12, 2016
There is currently some momentum for change in the palm oil industry, aiming to reduce its disastrous environmental and social impact. In Papua, some of the biggest companies, such as Sinar Mas, Musim Mas and Wilmar, have all abandoned plantation plans after signing up to 'no deforestation' policies (see footnote 1). The Indonesian Government may also finally take some action to bring the industry under control. A new moratorium on palm oil permits is reportedly being prepared and the Forestry and Environment Minister Siti Nurbaya has made clear that one of the moratorium's main objectives is to save Papua's forest.
However, many companies with ambitions to vastly increase their plantation area are still looking to Papua as one of the few areas where large amounts of land are still potentially available. Plantations on this new frontier are often much larger than elsewhere in Indonesia, meaning huge environmental destruction and drastic changes which have a devastating effect on local indigenous populations.
Accurate information on how the oil palm industry is developing in Papua is crucial to be able to assess whether the changes in the industry will actually protect the forest and make a positive difference to the lives of indigenous Papuans, or if it will just give a better image masking the same old problems. Nevertheless, obtaining full data is still a major challenge. This series of articles aims to give it a shot, profiling a few of the newest companies to start operations in Papua, especially companies which have recently started cutting the forest, or appear to be preparing to start work. The first is a particularly worrying case, where forest clearance started last year: Pacific Inter-link.
Anggai
In a remote area of Southern Papua an immense block of 2,800 square kilometres (the size of Luxembourg, or three times Singapore) of primary rainforest has been given permits for oil palm, and deforestation has already started. In an incredibly brazen move by local politicians, (later supported by the Forestry Ministry), this whole area was given away to just one company, the Menara Group, divided into seven contiguous concessions.
The Menara Group has since sold most of the concessions to two Malaysian-based companies: Pacific Inter-link took four of the concessions (PT Megakarya Jaya Raya, PT Kartika Cipta Pratama, PT Graha Kencana Mulia and PT Energi Samudera Kencana) and Tadmax Sdn Bhd took two (PT Trimegah Karya Utama and PT Manunggal Sukses Mandiri). The remaining concession, PT Usaha Nabati Terpadu, either still belongs to the Menara Group or has been sold to an unknown buyer.
Pacific Inter-link started work on one of the concessions, PT Megakarya Jaya Raya in mid 2015. Satellite images show that by April 2016, 2,840 hectares of forest had been cleared. About one third of that area was on deep peat, and the area lies within an intact forest landscape. Most of PT Megakarya Jaya Raya's concession is classified on Indonesian government maps as primary forest, as are the other three concessions.
Pacific Inter-Link Deforestation April 2016
It isn't easy to greenwash the conversion of 160,000 hectares of primary rainforest to palm oil plantation. Nevertheless, Pacific Inter-link makes a lame attempt to do just that on its website, stating that "Lots of careful measures are taken to ensure no ecological damage takes place due to this project." The company did not respond to a request to view high conservation value assessments or social and environmental impact assessment.
How did one company manage to get its hands on so much land? There are no local groups in this remote area which have been able to undertake a full investigation. However, corruption must be suspected. The Boven Digoel Regency Head, Yusak Yaluwo, issued the initial location permits in July 2010, three months after being arrested on unrelated corruption charges. He was found guilty in November that year, and declared non-active by the interior minister. Nevertheless, despite being imprisoned in Sukamiskin Prison, Bandung, there were frequent allegations that Yusak Yaluwo was continuing to run the Boven Digoel government from his prison cell by mobile phone. He was officially removed from his post in May 2013, but wasn't formally replaced by his deputy until June 2014. The upshot of this bizarre story is that there was no effective local government in Boven Digoel for three and a half years, the time which the Menara Group was engaged in the permit process for the plantations which would later be sold to Pacific Inter-link.
At the same time in the Aru Islands in Maluku, the Menara Group had tried to claim an even larger area for a sugar-cane plantation. However, as a strong local campaign was unearthing irregularities at every level, the Forestry Minister eventually declared that the plantation would not go ahead, giving the reason that the land was not suitable for sugar cane after all.
The land which is being cleared is near an indigenous village, Kampung Anggai, but there have been no reports of how the local people view the company, nor what methods the company used to persuade people to allow it to use their land.
Tadmax, the other company involved, has so far not developed its concessions, claiming to be looking for a partner, or to sell the land. Its 2015 Annual report states that "the Group is in the process of identifying parties to undertake a plantation development (both on its own or through joint ventures) and/or outright disposal of all or part of the land or a combination of the above. "
Previously both Pacific Inter-link and Tadmax had signed up to a joint venture in 2012 for an integrated timber complex which would use the wood from their concessions, but there is no recent news that might indicate the plan is still going ahead.
Anggai plantation 2
Pacific Inter-link is based in Malaysia, but is part of the privately-owned Yemeni conglomerate, the Hayel Sayed Anam Group. Its plantation in Boven Digoel is the company's first, but palm oil has long been part of its core business and the company has a presence at almost all levels of the industry. It operates refineries on Sumatra, is a trader of crude palm oil which it buys from other plantation companies, and markets consumer goods produced from palm oil under a number of brand names: Avena, Madina, Pamin and Sheeba cooking oils, Saba Juliet and Meditwist Soap and Milgro milk products. As well as South East Asia, Pacific Inter-links products are marketed in the Middle East and Africa, where its brands have a dominant market position.
This high degree of vertical integration in its supply chain insulates Pacific Inter-link from the pressures on other palm oil producers, which have to contend with the possibility that if they continue to deforest, their product may be boycotted by several of the largest palm oil traders.
However, the concessions have caught the eye of Forestry and Environment Minister Siti Nurbaya. In an interview with foresthints.news she described how existing palm oil permits will be reviewed in preparation for a moratorium, "Several of our findings indicate that in areas where forest release permits have been granted since 2011 in Papua, nothing has been done there and they are simply landbanks. We even found that some of these permits have been traded. For example, seven forest release permits for palm oil development in that province [Papua], amounting to almost 300 thousand hectares, were sold to a number of business groups in Malaysia. This practice of trading involves 20 percent of the areas that should be given to communities."
Pacific Inter-link is an RSPO member as a trading and processing company, but has not mentioned the existence of its plantations in any submissions to the RSPO. Neither has the company responded to requests for information from awasMIFEE.
The situation is extremely alarming: what is likely to be the largest single palm oil plantation development project ever to take place in Indonesia is happening in an area of primary rainforest, containing peat swamps, and with no information whatsoever on how the plantation is affecting the tribes living in one of the remotest areas of Papua. A large area has been cleared already, but this is still only so far only 1% of the total areas under permit. Serious and immediate attention is needed on how the Menara Group, and subsequently Pacific Inter-link managed to get control of such a large area, and it needs to be held to account on its potentially devastating social and environmental impact.
Footnote: 1: in the case of Wilmar, the abandoned plantations would have planted sugar-cane.
Marap Indigenous Group claim back three oil palm plantation divisions in Arso
May 3, 2016 News alert, Syndication from WPM Partner, Written by regular contributor for WPMArso, Customary Rights, environmental resistance, land defence, land sovereignty, Marap people, oil palm, Plantation resistancewestpapuamedia
from our parters at SuaraPapua.com
translated by AwasMifee
First Published: April 29, 2016
Indigenous land owners from the Marap people in Arso have used customary law to take back oil palm land owned by PT PN II as part of its Arso plantation, specifically the Core III, Core IV and Core V divisions. The action took place at Yamara village PIR 3, Manem sub-district, Keerom Regency, on Wednesday 27th April.
Maickel Fatagur, the head of the Fatagur clan which holds customary land rights, alongside other clans such as the Wabiager and Gumis clans, said that they will no longer hold any kind of meetings with the company. That is because they have used customary law to take back the land PTPN was using.
"We'e used customary law to take the land back. That means now there will be no more meetings with the company. The land now belongs to us. We invite PTPN II Arso to take back its oil palm and we will take back our land. That's all", Fatagur made clear to the Manager of PTPN II's Arso plantation on Wednesday at Tami in Manem District, in Keerom.
According to Maickel, PTPN II has operated the Arso plantation on the Fatagur clan's land, and that of its sub-clans, for around 30 years, but the local community, who hold the customary land rights, have never felt economically secure
"All these years attention has never been paid to the wellbeing of the community who hold the customary land rights on the land used by PTPN II Arso at the three locations in question, Core III, Core IV and Core V, which amount to 1300 hectares", said Fatagur.
Dominika Tafor, the secretary of the Boda Student Association (Himpunan Mahasiswa Boda) in Keerom who is also an indigenous member of the Marap ethnic group, said that she was supporting the action taken by local indigenous people.
"We strongly support the action which the Marap community of Workwama village are taking today. We support it, because for so many years the company has not paid attention to the fate of the community. They only come to destroy", she said.
When the indigenous people arrived at the plantation office in Tami, PTPN II's Arso plantation manager, Hilarius Manurung, recieved them and said that he would take their wishes on board and pass them on to the Keerom local government.
"Since we're a state owned company, we can only listen to all aspirations and complaints and pass them on to the local government for further action. There's not much we can do. What we can do is to follow up all these complaints from the community," said Manurung.
Suarapapua.com observed that security forces from the Keerom police headquarters were present, 11 armed policemen in a Dalmas truck, ready to police the Marap people's action.
The action started from Workwama village at 9-00 am and travelled by truck the 6km to the plantation areas Core III – Core V, bringing a banner which read "we don't need oil palm, we only need forest #savehutanpapua #savehutankeerom for our grandchildren"
As a symbol, the indigenous people brought soil from the three oil palm locations and taro yams from their gardens, placing them in a noken string bag made from forest palm frond midribs, and using traditional rituals took them to PTPN II's office located in the plantation administration centre in Tami.
HARUN RUMBARAR
Source: suarapapua.com http://suarapapua.com//read/2016/04/27/3305/tiga-lokasi-perkebunan-sawit-di-arso-di-tarik-kembali-oleh-masyarakat-adat-suku-marap
This entry was posted in Around West Papua and tagged Arso, Community Resistance, PTPN II, Wo
New film 'The Mahuzes', documents conflicts between indigenous Merauke people and agribusiness
February 26, 2016 News alert, Syndication from WPM Partner, Video, Written by regular contributor for WPMAWASMifee, horizontal conflict, Land conflict, Land Grabbing, Marind people, Merauke, Merauke Integrated Food and Energy Estate, Muting, oil palm, Papuan People's Solidarity to Reject MIFEE, Pollution, PT Agrinusa Persada Mulia, PT Agriprima Cipta Persadawestpapuamedia
from our partners at AwasMIFEE
'The Mahuzes', a film about conflicts between indigenous people and agribusiness companies in Merauke, was released in Indonesian last year, and now it is available with English subtitles. It's one of a series of documentaries produced as part of the 'Ekspedisi Indonesia Biru', a one-year road-trip on motorbikes by filmmakers Dandhy Laksono and Ucok Suparta, visiting diverse communities around the archipelago, often communities in struggle.
The Mahuzes follows one clan of Marind people in Muting village, where oil palm companies have started clearing land in the last few years on five massive plantations. The effects of these plantations are having a major impact – even the water from the Bian River has become undrinkable. The Mahuze clan is resisting – refusing to sell their land, erecting customary barriers to forbid the company from entering – but the company (PT Agriprima Persada Mulia) just pulls up their boundary markers. As well as these direct conflicts with the plantation companies, we see how they attempt to deal with the conflicts that inevitably arise when irresponsible companies show up with compensation money – there is an emotional peacemaking ceremony between the Marind and the neighbouring Mandodo people, but also anger in meetings that some elders in their own clan may have struck a secret deal with the company.
The Merauke Integrated Food and Energy Estate was originally launched as a massive industrial agriculture project in 2010, but it failed to reach the stated ambition in its original plan, and the cluster of oil palm plantations around Muting were some of the only developments that have actually started work in the last years. However, in May 2015 President Joko Widodo travelled to Merauke to relaunch the plan to convert over a million hectares of forest and savannah to mechanised rice production. The filmmakers also visit the site of the new rice development, revealing that once again the central government is ordering a mega project without due consideration of the local social and environmental conditions. One issue is the water – Irawan, who works for the water provider, explains that most of the water in the flat Kurik sub-district comes from rainfall. How could these conditions possibly support huge areas of irrigated rice-fields?
The Marind people's staple food is sago, and sago palms grow abundantly in groves in the forest. As Darius Nerob explains in the film "If we plant rice, it's 6 months before we can eat. But with sago, any day we need, we can just go and fell a tree… This tree can feed a family for half a year…. Even though the transmigrant program has existed for 33 years, Marind people have stuck with sago, they haven't shifted to rice."
Oil Palm companies in Nabire using Brimob to terrorise local villagers
August 26, 2015 Investigative Journalism, Translated by WPM, Written by regular contributor for WPM, Written by West Papua Mediabrimob, criminalization of peaceful dissent, environmental destruction, illegal businesses, illegal logging, oil palm, stigmatization of separatistswestpapuamedia
OIL PALM COMPANY IN NABIRE SUPPORTED BY PAPUAN BRIMOB POLICE FORCES
By Santon Tekege for West Papua Media
Nabire based human rights activist Gunawan Inggeruhi has stated that an oil palm company managed by PT New Nabire and PT SAD, has caused uneasiness amongst citizens of Wami and Sima, Yaur district, in Nabire region.
Citizens in this area have been falsely and maliciously stigmatised by the companies as being suspected OPM (Free Papua Movement) members or activists, with the result that they are constantly made frightened and anxious by security forces.
Joint Brimob/TNI sweep team in Nabire oil Palm plantations. Photo:FIle
On 4 January 2015, paramilitary BRIMOB police forces arrested a villager who is the traditional landowner of the location, by the name of Otis Waropen (aged 34 years). He was arrested at the PT New Nabire oil palm company plantation in the village of Wami in Yaur District, Nabire. In a direct telephone interview on 22 August 2015, Waropen revealed that he was arrested by BRIMOB police on "suspicion resulting from stigmatisation of being an OPM member," and "on suspicion of making a movement of troublemakers in the vicinity of the PT New Nabire Oil Palm plantation."
"It is not only (waropen) who has experienced such stigmatisation from BRIMOB who are acting as the protectors of that oil palm company," Gunawan Inggeruhi told me.
"Many citizens who claim their traditional customary land rights, asking for the company to be closed and its license to operate be revoked, have been accused of being OPM members and 'part of a movement of troublemakers'. When in fact the reality is that those who make trouble and terrify the village community in Wami and Sima are the Papuan BRIMOB forces."
Inggeruhi explained, "Citizens previously lived in this area in a peaceful and calm atmosphere. These people are not OPM and they are not making some sort of opposition or troublemaker movement against the oil palm companies (PT New Nabire or PT SAD Perkasa)."
He described how most observers perceive that the actions of the Police and the Companies "are themselves making anarchy and intentionally killing the freedom of the people," and creating fear amongst the people, even arresting and imprisoning them.
Inggeruhi went on to say that "All entrances into the plantation are guarded strictly and protected by Papuan BRIMOB Police. There's around 50 BRIMOB armed forces there and they are assisted by intelligence personnel, all the way along the road from Wanggar until the village of Sima."
"If we go to that location BRIMOB chase us and spy on us all the way along that road." Inggeruhi said that even himself had been chased and spied on in that area.
The community feels most oppressed by the presence of PT Nabire Baru and PT SAD Perkasa in the area with BRIMOB forces supporting them. He added that "the local government is indifferent over the closure of the space experienced by local residents and their inability to move freely around in their own local area."
He is urging the Papuan Police to immediately withdraw their BRIMOB forces from the area of the oil palm companies, and called that the oil palm plantations of PT Nabire Baru in Wami, and PT SAD Perkasa in Sima in the Yaur District of Nabire should cease immediately.
The Writer is a pastoral worker in the diocese of Timika, Papua.
Trial starts for two people arrested on demonstration at PT Permata Putera Mandiri's offfice.
July 26, 2015 News alert, Syndication from WPM Partner, Written by regular contributor for WPMAustindo Nusantara Jaya, AWASMifee, Criminalisation, forest clearance, intimidation, Land Grabbing, Metamani, oil palm, PT Permata Putera Mandiri, Puragi, Pusakawestpapuamedia
first Published: July 24, 2015
On 15th May this year, dozens of students and others from the Iwaro ethnic group from Metamani and Inanwatan in South Sorong Regency, staged a protest action with banners and speeches, blocking the offices of oil palm company PT Permata Putera Mandiri (PPM), on Jalan Ahmad Yani, Sorong City, West Papua Province.
According to Simon Soren, one of the participants on the action, "the people were demanding that PT PPM offer a solution to the problems of land grabbing, the destruction of the forest and sago groves, illegal logging and an unfair level of compensation, and indications that illegal exploration for oil and gas were also taking place".
The company refused to meet with the demonstrators, and then police from the Sorong City station, who were already present at the area, broke up the action and arrested dozens of participants. After questioning, several detainees were released little by little, until eventually only two people were being held: Obed Korie and Odie Aitago from Puragi village, Metamani District, South Sorong.
On 14th July 2014, Obed Korie and Odie Aitago attended the first session of their court process at the Sorong District Court, where the prosecution read out the accusations. According to Loury Dacosta, their legal support who attended that session, "Prosecutor Ola Dimara read out the accusations which formed the basis of charging the two people under article 170 of the Indonesian Criminal Code, which refers to violence towards persons or property, and carries a threat of a five year prison sentence".
Justice appears to be very distant for the victims of PT PPM: the company has not met their demands, and now on the contrary the victims of development are criminalised by the government.
The ANJ Group's business in South Sorong
PT PPM is a subsidiary company of PT Austindo Nusantara Jaya (ANJ) Group, owned by business tycoon George Tahija. ANJ also owns two other oil palm plantations in South Sorong and nearby Maybrat, PT Putera Manunggal Perkasa (PMP and PT Pusaka Agro Makmur (PAM). The ANJ Group also owns PT ANJ Agri Papua which is engaged in exploiting sago forests and in the sago processing industry, with operations between Metamani and Kokoda districts in South Sorong.
Before being acquired by the ANJ Group, the three oil palm companies were believed to be owned by Jakarta-based PT Pusaka Agro Sejahtera with the majority of the shares held by foreign companies (most likely offshore holding companies). 90% of the shares in PT PPM were owned by Xinfeng Pte Ltd, and 90% of PT PMP was owned by Xinyou Plantation Pte Ltd, both based at the same address at 30 Cecil St, Singapore. In January 2014, these shares were transferred to the AnJ Group. PT PAM, whose shares were registered in the name of another Singapore-based company Wodi Kaifa Ltd, was acquired by the ANJ Group in October 2014.
The company obtained the land for their plantations through mechanisms based on Indonesian state law, ignoring local customary law mechanisms. This actually contravenes the provisions of the 2001 law concerning special autonomy for Papua, which state that if any party requires access to customary land, a meeting of indigenous people must take place to reach a consensus decision before any permits to operate or land title may be granted.
Local indigenous people, who actually have control and title over the land and forest are never involved in land acquisition, including in this case involving PT ANJ. The process of land acquisition takes place furtively and without transparency, with police and military involvement, and without the community having the opportunity to understand or find out what the wider impacts of forest clearance might be.
Land acquisition and compensation documents reveal that the average compensation paid is 75,000 Rupiah per hectare (US$6), with a stipulation that the land will be used for the duration of the company's operational permit, 35 years. This amount is extremely unfair if compared to the benefits the community would otherwise obtain from forest products in the area. The company on the other hand, will receive huge profits from its exploitation of forest products and large-scale land management.
Source: http://pusaka.or.id/demo-menuntut-pt-ppm-dua-warga-dipidanakan/


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