Another important topic is hybrid systems. Statecharts can include probabilities, thus supporting probabilistic and stochastic behavior, but their underlying basis is discrete. It is very natural for a software or systems engineer to want to model systems with mixed discrete and continuous behavior, and it is not difficult to imagine using mathematics geared for continuous dynamics (such as differential equations) to model the activities within states in a statechart. An active community today is carrying out research on such systems.
Another topic involves exploiting the structuring of behavior in statecharts to aid verification of the modeled system. We all know how difficult program verification is, yet a number of techniques work well in many cases. While most common verification techniques do not exploit the hierarchical structure or modularity models often have, this structure can be used beneficially in verifying statecharts. Work has indeed been done on the verification of hierarchical state machines, though much more remains to be done.
If asked about the lessons to be learned from the statecharts story, I would definitely put tool support for executability and experience in real-world use at the top of the list. Too much computer science research on languages, methodologies, and semantics never finds its way into the real world, even in the long term, because these two issues do not get sufficient priority.
One of the most interesting aspects of this story is the fact that the work was not done in an academic tower, inventing something and trying to push it down the throats of real-world engineers. It was done by going into the lion's den, working with the people in industry. This is something I would not hesitate to recommend to young researchers; in order to affect the real world, one must go there and roll up one's sleeves. One secret is to try to get a handle on the thought processes of the engineers doing the real work and who will ultimately use these ideas and tools. In my case, they were the avionics engineers, and when I do biological modeling, they are biologists. If what you come up with does not jibe with how they think, they will not use it. It's that simple.
Looking back over the past 26 years, the main mistakes I made during the early years of statecharts concerned getting the message out to real-world software and systems engineers. This involved the confusing process of deciding on a clear semantics for the language and publicizing the chosen semantics promptly in the public literature, as well as not recognizing how important it was to quickly publish a book to acquaint engineers in industry with, and get them to use, a new language, method, and tool.
Nevertheless, despite the effort that went into developing the language (and later the tools to support it) I am convinced that almost anyone could have come up with statecharts, given the right background, exposure to the right kinds of problems, and right kinds of people.
Many people influenced this work, but my deepest gratitude goes to Jonah Lavi, Amir Pnueli, Eran Gery, Rivi Sherman, and Michal Politi.
1. Benveniste, a., caspi, P., edwards, s.a., halbwachs, n., le guernic, P., and de simone, r. the synchronous languages 12 years later. Proceedings of the IEEE 91 (2003), 64–83.
2. damm, W. and harel, d. lscs: Breathing life into message sequence charts. Formal Methods in System Design 19, 1 (2001), 45–80.
3. drusinsky, d. and harel, d. on the power of bounded concurrency i: finite automata. J. ACM 41 (1994), 517–539.
4. efroni, s., harel, d., and cohen, i.r. towards rigorous comprehension of biological complexity: modeling, execution, and visualization of thymic t cell maturation. Genome Research 13 (2003), 2485–2497.
5. harel, d. can programming be liberated, period? IEEE Computer 41, 1 (Jan. 2008), 28–37.
6. harel, d. statecharts in the making: a personal account. in Proceedings of the Third ACM SIGPLAN Conference on History of Programming Languages (san diego, ca, June 9-10). acm Press, new york, 2007.
7. harel, d. and rumpe, B. meaningful modeling: What's the semantics of 'semantics'? IEEE Computer 37, 10 (2004), 64–72.
8. harel, d. and kugler, h. the rhapsody semantics of statecharts (or, on the executable core of the uml). in Integrations of Software Specification Techniques for Applications in Engineering, LNCS, Vol. 3147, h. ehrig et al., eds. springer-Verlag, new york, 2004, 325–354.
9. harel, d. and marelly, r. Come, Let's Play: Scenario-Based Programming Using LSCs and the Play-Engine. springer-Verlag, new york, 2003.
10. harel, d. and Politi, m. Modeling Reactive Systems with Statecharts: The Statemate Approach. mcgraw-hill, new york, 1998.
11. harel, d. and gery, e. executable object modeling with statecharts. IEEE Computer 30, 7 (1997), 31–42.
Engineering Methods 5, 4 (oct. 1996), 293–333.
13. harel, d., lachover, h., naamad, a., Pnueli, a., Politi, m., sherman, r., shtul-trauring, a., and trakhtenbrot, m. statemate: a working environment for the development of complex reactive systems. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering 16, 4 (1990), 403–414.
14. harel, d. on visual formalisms. Commun. ACM 31, 5 (may 1988), 514–530.
15. harel, d., Pnueli, a., schmidt, J., and sherman, r. on the formal semantics of statecharts. in Proceedings of the Second IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science (ithaca, ny, 1987), 54–64.
16. harel, d. statecharts: a visual formalism for complex systems. Science of Computer Programming 8, 3 (June 1987), 231–274.
17. harel, d. and Pnueli, a. on the development of reactive systems. in Logics and Models of Concurrent Systems, k.r. apt, ed. nato asi series, Vol. f- 13, springer-Verlag, new york, 1985, 477–498.
18. harel, d. and/or programs: a new approach to structured programming. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems 2, 1 (Jan. 1980), 1–17.
19. heninger, k.l., kallander, J. W., shore, J.e., and Parnas, d.l. Software Requirements for the A-7E Aircraft, NRL Report 3876. Washington, d.c., nov. 1978.
20. setty, y., cohen, i.r., dor, y., and harel, d. four-dimensional realistic modeling of pancreatic organogenesis. in Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 105, 51 (2008), 20374–20379.
21. swerdlin, n., cohen, i.r., and harel, d. toward an in-silico lymph node: a realistic approach to modeling dynamic behavior of lymphocytes. in Proceedings of the IEEE, Special Issue on Computational System Biology 96, 8 (2008), 1421–1443.
22. von der Beeck, m. a comparison of statecharts variants. in Proceedings of Formal Techniques in Real Time and Fault Tolerant Systems, LNCS, Vol. 863. springer-Verlag, new york, 1994, 128–148.
David Harel ( dharel@weizmann.ac.il) is the William sussman Professorial chair in the department of computer science and applied mathematics at the Weizmann institute of science, rehovot, israel.


We Repair Broken Or Defective Lenovo Thinkpad X Series Laptop Screens: One of the most common problems laptop users face is a broken, or failed laptop screen. Since our company replaces so many laptop screens for our customers we inventory hundreds of the most common replacement laptop screens. We have both new, and refurbished screens in stock, and can repair the screen in most laptops quickly.
If your laptop's screen is cracked, dark, or is having problems please give Laptop Screen Replace a call. We will be more than happy to check your laptop, and discuss repair options.


I'm starting to get terrain integrated into the Leadwerks 3 editor. For the most part, it stays pretty close to the design of the terrain tools in Leadwerks 2, and you should have no trouble figuring it out. I'm implementing the critical features first: This will be added into version 3.0 before the release of 3.1. As I described in my previous blog, my goal is to take all the lessons learned from Leadwerks 2 and come up with something more refined and powerful.


Mary and Ben's beautiful wedding took place on a hill above the sparkling waters of the Hudson at the majestic Southwood Estate in Germantown, New York. It was pure country elegance. The bride and groom were gracious and lovely as were their wonderful family and friends. The event was designed by Lydia Bailey of Charmed Places.


During the first week of November a grower sent in photos of grape phylloxera galls on leaves, and asked that this subject be discussed at the November OCPVA meeting. I examined the plants on November 14 just prior to the meeting, and found numerous phylloxera nymphs on the roots. The vineyard is a hybrid variety (Chambourcin) on its own roots.
Any V. vinifera or hybrid stock with vinifera in it, is susceptible to phylloxera injury, and can be at risk to root and/or plant decline due to phylloxera establishment.
The following is a brief photographic accounting of what was found from the infested roots. The decline in these roots is evident in the photos, and illustrates the potential for serious damage in NJ vineyards from this pest.
Phylloxera is one of the most destructive grape pests worldwide. This small aphid-like insect has a complex life cycle that involves survival on the roots throughout the year, and on the leaves during the growing season. The sequence of events in the life cycle is different for the foliar and root forms of this insect. The foliar form survives the winter as an egg under the bark of the grapevine. Asexual, wingless forms hatch in the spring and crawl onto the new leaves, where they develop galls. Young crawlers settle on the upper surface of immature leaves, causing galls to form on the under surface of the leaves. The only opening in a gall is to the upper leaf surface. Once mature, the female begins to lay eggs within a gall. Nymphs hatching from these eggs crawl to new leaves at shoot tips, settle on the leaves, and form new galls.


Our Gift Certificates are for one month of lessons but we are offering them to you at the discounted rate. Anytime is a good time for the gift of music!
3 Months of Lessons for $285 (save $60).
After you purchase the certificate, you can pick it up in store or we can email it to you!
We carry some products in the store but our focus is on serving you. We realize that you may need some items that we do not have on hand. Although we can order the supplies you need, we understand that Amazon has a quick turn around. So here's some recommended products from Amazon that will help you to choose the right product from ALL the products on Amazon.
These guitars are just for kids. They are classical so they have softer strings and they are a smaller size. Typically a student 8 and under would be on a half size (1/2) guitar while a student 9 to 11 would be on a 3/4 size guitar. Once the student is around 12 years of age, they can get a full size guitar. These are our favorite recommendations. They are a great price and the quality is amazing!


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HOME / PRESENTATIONS /
Faraday Rotation
Light, passing through heavy glass, has its direction of polarization rotated slightly if a magnetic field is applied to the glass.
What it shows:
In 1845, Michael Faraday discovered experimentally that a magnetic field can affect the polarization of light, providing the first evidence that light and magnetism were somehow connected. Specifically, Faraday found that a polarized beam of light, traveling through heavy glass, had its plane of polarization slightly rotated by a magnetic field applied to the glass. With this experiment we demonstrate that phenomenon.
A 1/4" diameter X 4" long (6.4 mm X 10 cm) rod of flint glass1 is positioned along the axis of a solenoid. The solenoid provides a uniform magnetic field along the direction of propagation of light traveling the length of the rod. It is adjustable from zero to a maximum of 1,300 gauss. Light from an incandescent light bulb (linearly polarized by a Polaroid™ filter) travels down the length of the glass rod in the bore of the solenoid. A second Polaroid™ filter at the other end of the solenoid is rotated 90° (with respect to the first filter) to block the light. When the solenoid is energized, the light is no longer extinguished. One can secure extinction again by rotating the second polarizer, thus demonstrating that the plane of polarization has been rotated by the longitudinal magnetic field applied to the glass.
The angle of rotation is given by θ = VlB, where V is the Verdet constant of the glass (given in radians/m·T), l is the length of the glass rod, and B is the magnetic field.
The Verdet constant is wavelength dependent and for SF-59 glass is advertised to be 23 rad/m·T for 650 nm light. Thus, by applying 1000 gauss (0.1T) to the 0.10 m long rod, we expect a rotation of 0.23 radians, or approximately 13 degrees. The wavelength dependence is quite evident in this demonstration in that one cannot extinguish all the light with the second filter; instead, different wavelengths of light are selectively extinguished, depending on the angular setting of the filter. At around 13° the light passing through appears blue, which means that yellow light has been extinguished from the white light. At 17° the light appears magenta (green light has been removed), and at 30° it appears yellow (blue light has been removed). These angles suggest the Verdet constant is 23, 30, and 52 rad/m·T for yellow, green, and blue light, respectively.
Setting it up:
The entire apparatus (including the dedicated solenoid power supply) is mounted on a board and can be set up on eihter a cart or lecture bench. The power supply (0-290 VDC output2) requires 220-VAC input. A video camera shows the view down the bore of the solenoid.
A DC ammeter monitors the solenoid current and has been calibrated against the measured magnetic field. The calibration curve is on the power supply; 1.6 amps is a suggested current to use and will produce 1000 gauss. Up to 1300 gauss is possible with the set-up, but the solenoid will dissipate about 630 W and heat up quickly. Regardless of current setting, it's important that the solenoid be energized only for brief periods of time to avoid overheating, especially when operating at high fields -- rotate the polarizing filter to show the effect and then turn down the current!
If one wants to show that the direction of rotation of polarization depends on the direction of the applied magnetic field, a current reversing switch on the power supply (next to the current/field calibration curve) allows for easy reversal of the magnetic field. Reduce the current to zero before reversing.
Given how small the rotation is with this long piece of specialty glass and strong magnetic field, it's truly amazing that Faraday observed the effect without the benefit of today's materials and technology—a testimony to his experimental genius.
1http://www.us.schott.com/advanced_optics/english/our_products/materials/data_tools/index.html SF-59 glass (a.k.a. "flint" glass)
2 The output of the power supply is floating and neither the + nor — side can be grounded. Thus, if troubleshooting, make sure that the low side of your test instrument is not ground.
See also: Electricity and Magnetism, Electromagnetic Waves, Homepage, [M], [t+], [★★★]
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Process of the Charter :
where are we now and topics still disccussed
1 – The way already gone
First of all we want to explain to our readers that the draft of this charter is the work of more than 2 years of many networks of the European Social Forum (ESF). It counted also on the participation of political actors who have participated in a conference in Paris, in June 2005, right after the French" no" to the so called Constitutional Treaty on may, 28th, 2005.
Although during the elaboration of the draft many contradictions which cannot be overcome now within the European social movement could be overcome, it remains still a "work in progress" which reflects a stage in a discussion process where a consensus has been reached among those who participated in elaborating the draft.
In this sense this document represents for all of us an important step, but as the Italian constitutionalist, Franco Russo said: "it is not a bible, but a political tool".
2 – Next step: the popularisation – press conference
The next task is going to be to pass beyond the framework of the implied organizations in the social forums and to popularize the Charter the most widely possible, as they have already done in Italy.
This Charter must ferment the debates, the struggles and give to the progressive movement the means to express the proposals by which we can oppose the neoliberal Europe that they try to impose on us.
That is why a press conference has taken place in Brussels on june, 26th 2007 at the moment of the the intergovernmental conference of the European Union under the German presidency. After that there will be an all European meeting which is going to take place in Brussels on September 20th.
3 – following the work
During this meeting we will debate all the points that did not reach a consensus, or which have not been sufficiently deepened like the following subjects:
-The secularity of the State and the school:
Is secularity is this a principle or a means to assure a freedom of thought? It is a principle not recognized in certain countries like Germany, but it is also the object of political battles in some others like Turkey. Should we remain with the present version of the text or put other words which are comprehensible to everybody and able to cover the complexity of the situation? Is this an essential principle to exercise the freedom of consciousness?
-Political Europe:
For a democratic Europe: shall we remain with general principles or deepen the debate about the institutions which are necessary for the democratization of Europe, opt for a federal Europe, a Europe of the States, a Europe of the peoples or for new institutions which may guarantee a democratic society with an important place given to the direct democracy?
-The minorities: There is consensus on freedom of expression for the minorities, but there is a discussion, if the self-determination of the minorities should go so far as to guarantee a political, totally autonomous organization inside a given State. The example of Yugoslavia, torn into pieces has shown that this can go in the opposite direction of freedom and emancipation.
In order to achieve all these objectives we invite the readers of the project of the Charter for another Europe to subscribe themselves and to communicate their commentaries in th espaces reserved. In order to avoid abuses these commentaries will be put online within 48 hours.
The drafting Committee


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Daily Monitoring of the Legislation
Monitoring of the Federal Legislation dated 1.10.2010
Federal Law No. 245-FZ of September 30, 2010 on the Amendments to the Budget Code of the Russian Federation and Other Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation
From January 1, 2011 until January 1, 2014, suspends the provisions of the Budget Code of the Russian Federation on the transfer to the regional budgets of 100 percent of excise duties for gasoline, diesel fuel and motor oils.
Decision of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 759 of September 24, 2010 on the Improvement of the Procedure of Technological Connection of Consumers to Electric Power Supply Networks
Adjusts the rules of technological connection of energy accepting devices of consumers of electric power, its production objects, as well as the network facilities owned by network organisations and other parties to power supply networks.
Decision of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 754 of September 24, 2010 on the Endorsement of the Rules of Fixing of Normatives of Minimum Provision of the Area of Trade Objects for the Population
Endorses the above rules.
Decision of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 731 of September 23, 2010 on the Endorsement of the Standard of Disclosing of Information by Organisations Engaged in Activities in the Area of Management of Apartment Houses
Organisations and entrepreneurs managing apartment houses must disclose information in their activities.
Decision of the Chief State Sanitary Physician of the Russian Federation No. 112 of September 3, 2010 on the Endorsement of GN 2.1.7.2735-10 "The Limiting Concentration of 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine (Heptyle) in Soil"
Introduces the above normative from November 1, 2010.
Order of the Ministry of the Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation No. 716 of August 20, 2010 on the Additions to the List of Models and Producers of New Russian-Made Vehicles Sold with a Discount in the Framework of the Experiment of Promotion of Purchase of New Vehicles to Replace Those out of Operation and Disposed of for Utilisation Endorsed by the Order of the Ministry of the Industry and Trade of Russia No. 9 of January 14, 2010
Extends the above list.
Order of the Federal Tax Service No. YaK-7-8/393@ of August 19, 2010 on the Endorsement of the Procedure of Writing off of Arrears and Debts in Penalties, Fines and Interest Recognised As Desperate for Collection and the List of Documents Confirming the Circumstances of Recognition As Desperate for Collection of Arrears, Debts in Penalties, Fines and Interest
Now, it is the Federal Tax Service of Russia who specifies the procedure of writing off of these amounts.


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Beethoven: 250th Anniversary
Christopher Breunig | May 27, 2020
Warner Classics and Deutsche Grammophon are early to the party, with huge boxed CD editions. Christopher Breunig suggests more affordable library must-haves
In 1970, Deutsche Grammophon marked the bicentenary of the birth of Beethoven with LP box sets, part reissue partly new recordings, to provide the first comprehensive Edition. (Philips did much the same for Mozart but marking 200 years after he had died – this time all CDs.)
Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn, probably on the 16th of December 1770. The exact date is unproven but we know he was baptised on the 17th. His grandfather (same name) had come from an Austrian Duchy now a part of Flemish Belgium, to Bonn via Cologne, to become Kapellmeister.
Edison First
The first recording of any piece of music composed by Beethoven was made in 1889 by one of Edison's engineers. It was part of his Romance for violin Op.50, played with pianoforte accompaniment. Arthur Nikisch's 1913 shellac set, with the Berlin Philharmonic, was at one time believed to be the very first recording of Symphony No 5. But we now know that it was preceded by an Odeon version conducted by the little-known German composer Eduard Künneke and produced in August 1911. That December he also recorded the 'Pastoral' Symphony and later import copies to the UK carried no label credit, as we were then at war with Germany!
If you can find the necessary £220 for the Decca/DG 175-hour 'Beethoven 2020' box [483 6767] you'll find just the first movt of the Nikisch Fifth. If you cannot, well just have fun exploring the lavish promo at www.beethoven-playon.com. Unlike the 1970 Edition this one is full of duplicated works but has music never recorded before.
The Fifth which made a lasting impact in the LP era was Erich Kleiber's with the Amsterdam Concertgebouw [Decca, Sept 1953]. It had been engineered by Kenneth Wilkinson ('Wilkie') and later licensed to Linn as an audiophile LP. It's now in a 12CD box [482 3952] or downloadable in CD-quality.
Other recordings I'd not like to be without are Karajan's from 1962; the first Klemperer/Philharmonia, which came out as a 10in mono LP [reissued on Naxos 8.111248] and which you can hear on YouTube; and Carlos Kleiber's with the Vienna Philharmonic.
Poet And Piano
Karl Böhm could be a dull old stick but in his early '70s DG/Vienna cycle one Symphony is outstanding: the 'Pastoral'. It's separated on a CD with Schubert No 5 [447 4332].
Karajan's first EMI/Philharmonia series had a better No 6 than any of his Berlin remakes, and Warner Classics has a 96kHz/24-bit mono option [part of 2564633735]. Only a few years ago the 'Choral' was discovered as a stereo tape, and for HvK completists Warner issued it as a mid-price CD [2564609030]. But the 1963 Berlin is in a different league [see Essential Recordings].
Otto Klemperer's Kingsway Hall No 9 from 1957 introduced the Philharmonia Chorus but was superseded by a live Festival Hall version with the same singers, issued by Testament [SBT1177]. His 1955 Philharmonia 'Eroica' was a great interpretation, and indispensable [Warner 5677402].
My favourite Beethoven pianist is Wilhelm Kempff [Classical Companion Dec '15], whom DG used to promote as 'the poet of the piano'. He had a gentle improvisatory freshness ideally suited to the early Piano Sonatas – like Op.2:2 or Op31:1, with its sunny Adagio grazioso. He made two complete LP sets, also recording most of them first as 78s.
I rather wanted to avoid multiple sets here and it's good to find highresaudio.com now has some remastered Kempff couplings from the 1960s stereo cycle, making a good introduction to his playing.
But you need at least a sample of the Artur Schnabel 1930s cycle (the first ever to be made). Warner's reissue CD set was disappointingly transferred – rather like the EMI LP box-sets versions – and we are fortunate in also having Mark Obert-Thorn's transfers for Naxos. Schnabel was technically erratic as he strived to plumb the depths and rages of Beethoven but had a unique authority. The disc with the 'Appassionata' [8.110761] would make a good starting point.
Brendel, Levit or Schiff are the common recommendations for the Diabelli Variations, but my preferences remain with Rudolf Serkin – the 1957 Sony or perhaps the Prades live one on Music & Arts – and the young Martin Helmchen [Alpha ALPHA386].
In Kempff's two sets of the five Piano Concertos, both with the Berlin Philharmonic, he plays his own cadenzas, rather than the composer's. That aside, they're equally recommendable [DG/Presto 476 5299, mono with Paul van Kempen; GG 427 2372, stereo remake with Ferdinand Leitner].
Claudio Arrau made a very lovely 1964 recording of No 4, with Haitink accompanying, and you can still find it as a 2014 transfer Japanese import CD [Decca UCCD-4853].
It's not unusual to find violinists recording the Violin Concerto now preferring a cadenza (including a part for the tympanist) Beethoven wrote for his piano concerto transcription. Wolfgang Schneiderhan was first to adopt this on a spacious, finely engineered1962 Berlin LP with Eugen Jochum conducting [Speakers Corner SLPM 138999]. It was, incidentally, DG's first stereo LP to come with no mono counterpart.
Vinyl Threesome
I think, though, that I'd want also to have one of Menuhin's versions. I used to play endlessly the Philharmonia one with Furtwängler conducting; Warner has this as an 'Original Jacket' CD [2564607597].
Schneiderhan is also violinist in DG's Triple Concerto with Janos Starker, Geza Anda and Fricsay conducting his Berlin RSO [483 6399; 180g vinyl]. It's odd that the – notorious? – EMI Karajan/Richter/Oistrakh/Rostropovich and Sony's Serkin/Laredo/Parnas also came out as vinyl reissues [Hi-Q Records/Speakers Corner].
If you wanted to explore the String Quartets, Tully Potter's exhaustive treatise is essential reading. We disagree over the Tokyo Qt, agree over the Takács… It predates the Belcea's excellent set [Alpha ALPHA262] where you can download single works, or all, as required in 96kHz/24-bit resolution. Where to start? The F-minor Op.95, 'Serioso', I'd say.
The Cello Sonatas have always done well on records and the DG Fournier/Gulda stands the test of time. Perlman/Ashkenazy for the two popular 'Spring' and 'Kreutzer' Violin Sonatas [Decca 4757509].
NEXT: Essential Recordings »
Essential Recordings
Shostakovich: Symphony No 5
Eugene Ormandy: Conductor
Mozart: The Last Three Symphonies
Seiji Ozawa: Conductor
Johannes Brahms: The Symphonies
Isabelle Faust: Violinist
Sir Georg Solti: Conductor
Mariss Jansons: Conductor
Gustav Mahler: Symphony No 4
Julius Katchen: Concert pianist
Sir Adrian Boult: Conductor
Sir Edward Elgar: The Symphonies
Sviatoslav Richter: Pianist
Rudolf Kempe: Conductor
Richard Strauss: Ein Heldenleben


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Home / Insights / In Search of Upside: Finding Opportunities in Small Cap Growth
In Search of Upside: Finding Opportunities in Small Cap Growth
Small cap growth stocks lagged for most of 2021 as the market simultaneously dealt with the pandemic, inflation, and tightening Fed policy. Given these challenges, we have been focusing on high quality companies trading at attractive valuations, and we have also been looking at non-technology businesses that are embracing digitization.
Although the worst of Covid-19 has hopefully passed, its impact on the markets remains front and center. The pandemic has been wreaking havoc on the economy for nearly two years, resulting in rising inflation and potentially higher interest rates, and it appears increased market volatility may continue in the near term as investors sort out the effects of new variants.
As a result, we have increased our focus on high quality companies trading at attractive prices, as we believe they are more likely to outperform even in challenging environments. Additionally, we have been looking at non-technology businesses that are successfully participating in the digital revolution, as we believe the market does not fully recognize their potential.
Small Caps Marked Time In 2021
As the below chart shows, small cap growth stocks began 2021 on the heels of an historic bull run, which largely explains their tepid performance last year.
Source: RIMES
The rally eventually lost steam in February, as investors were confronted by multiple economic headwinds, including continuing Covid issues, rising inflation, supply chain disruptions, labor shortages, and shifting Fed policy. Given the uncertain backdrop and elevated share prices, sentiment never recovered in 2021, resulting in a sawtooth pattern of fits and starts for the entire year.
Nonetheless, the valuations of many small cap growth companies were slow to revert to attractive levels, despite their lackluster performance. For example, as you can see in the chart below, price/sales ratios for the SaaS industry skyrocketed during the pandemic and did not begin to fall until the end of the year. In 2015, average SaaS revenue multiples were as low as 3.6x, vs. a peak of 20.7x in 2021!
Source: Piper|Sandler
Although they are still above pre-pandemic levels, it appears the sector is beginning to rationalize as valuations have finally started to approach their historical norms. Periods of valuation rationalization combined with secular growth potential often create compelling buying opportunities.
Focusing On Quality At Attractive Valuations
With prices elevated for most of 2021, we were laser-focused on buying quality companies at attractive valuations. Of course, we always seek to invest in high quality businesses, but with the Fed expected to increase interest rates next year, it is vital that companies demonstrate their business models are durable and that their share prices are supported by fundamentals.
One area we have been emphasizing is profitability – surprisingly, over 40% of companies in the Russell 2000 Growth index are not profitable. We focus on profitability as a quality indicator because companies which can self-fund their growth are less exposed to the whims of capital markets or equity dilution. Additionally, profitable companies tend to have healthy cashflows, which make them more likely to weather short-term swings in the economy and less sensitive to changes in interest rates.
Beyond financials, we feel there are two other important measures of quality. First, we always look for companies with competitive advantages that are differentiated in their space, and second, we seek firms that are well-positioned within markets that are expanding. Companies with strong advantages that operate in shrinking markets will have trouble sustaining high growth rates despite their leadership position. Likewise, firms that are able to take advantage of strong secular growth trends have inherent advantages, but if their product is easily replicated they will have trouble increasing market share.
Examples of high quality, attractively valued firms currently in our portfolio include:
Onto Innovation: Onto sells critical semiconductor capital equipment used in process control and advanced packaging. Its process control equipment is critical to minimizing defects and boosting yields in the semiconductor manufacturing process which powers the building blocks of our increasingly digitized economy via cloud computing, e-commerce, and the proliferation of semiconductors across the economy, including in autos and the internet of things. Onto's profitability is impressive, with operating margins approaching 30%. Furthermore, the stock trades at an undemanding multiple of 21x consensus 2022 earnings. The company is well on its way towards reaching its $1 billion revenue model, with more than $5 in earnings per share and we believe there is upside beyond this as well.
MaxLinear: MaxLinear is a semiconductor company that primarily serves the broadband and connectivity markets, where it sells chips that go into modems, gateways, and routers, enabling consumers to connect to the internet via cable and fiber networks. This market has favorable, duopolistic competitive dynamics and a strong, multiyear growth outlook due to increasing investment from cable and fiber operators. We are also excited by MaxLinear's emerging infrastructure segment, which is projected to grow more than 50% this year, serving secular growth markets like cloud data centers, with Amazon as its first customer. The company's operating margins are approaching 30% and yet it trades at an attractive price-to-earnings multiple of 21x 2022 earnings.
For both Onto and MaxLinear, we like the combination of high quality as evidenced by strong operating margins and attractive valuations. We believe moving out of software (trading at 20x sales) and into semiconductors (trading at 20x earnings), gives us exposure to secular growth trends, but at much more attractive prices.
Embracing Digital Transformation
In addition, we have been looking for opportunities with non-technology companies that are using technology to reinvent themselves. As we noted in a previous blog, these types of firms have always been of interest to us, but they are particularly attractive right now as they generally do not command the same lofty valuations as true software companies but can offer similar upside. They generally outperform their competitors by creatively deploying technology to decrease their operating costs and/or increase their revenues.
A classic example is Domino's Pizza. When Patrick Doyle became CEO in 2010, he was determined to deliver a better customer experience. This included not just improving the quality of the pizza, but also upgrading their online presence. Domino's created innovative apps with popular features, including one that lets customers track the progress of their order. The combination of high quality pizza and customer-friendly software powered the company to become America's biggest pizza chain, and its stock price has risen by more than 10x since 2012, outperforming Apple and Google!
Two examples of innovative companies outside the technology sector following a similar approach are:
Wingstop: Wingstop is an international restaurant chain specializing in chicken wings, fries, and sides. The company is primarily a take-out business, so it has fared remarkably well during the pandemic. While many of their competitors have been struggling with the decline in in-person dining, their business has been booming – largely due to their substantial digital presence. 65% of the company's total sales currently come through online channels (which carry a $5 higher check on average) versus just 35% pre-Covid. With over 1,500 restaurants worldwide and a skilled management team, we believe the company has plenty of runway for additional growth.
Floor & Decor: Floor & Decor is a nationwide retailer offering a broad assortment of in-stock hard-surface flooring, including tile, wood, laminate, vinyl, and natural stone. The company operates similarly to Home Depot – each location is a warehouse-sized showroom, except that the entire space is dedicated to flooring and related accessories. Business has been strong during the pandemic, particularly for online sales, which have increased from 10% of total revenues pre-Covid to 15% currently. The company provides a rich online shopping experience that has been particularly helpful for customers looking to avoid in-person shopping, and we expect it will continue to drive business in the future as consumers get more comfortable making large purchases online.
Covid-19 is a once-in-a-generation event that continues to impact the financial markets as much as it impacts our daily lives. With more uncertainty likely in the near term, including inflation and potentially higher interest rates, we think the best approach is for small cap growth investors to focus on the highest quality businesses at attractive valuations, including companies that are embracing digital transformation in traditional areas of the economy.
Learn More about the Emerging Opportunity Fund
James Callinan
Chief Investment Officer – Emerging Growth
Small Cap Growth SMA
Flexible Balanced SMA
Jim Callinan was the Co-Founder & Chief Investment Officer at RS Investments. He also co-founded the RS Growth Group LLC in 1996 and managed the RS Emerging Growth Fund from 1996 until 2010. In 1999 Mr. Callinan was named Morningstar's Domestic Stock Manager of the Year.*
He served as portfolio manager for the Putnam OTC Emerging Growth Fund from 1994 to 1996 and began his career at Putnam Investments as an equity research analyst in 1987. He joined Osterweis Capital Management in 2016 and brought with him the Emerging Growth Partners, LP, a concentrated small cap growth strategy he founded at RS in 2006.
Mr. Callinan is a member of the Weatherbie Capital Advisory Board and the Friends of Harvard Football Board.
He is equity owner in the firm and the Lead Portfolio Manager for the emerging growth strategy. He is also a Portfolio Manager for the growth & income and flexible balanced strategies.
Mr. Callinan graduated from Harvard College (B.A. in Economics), New York University (M.S. in Accounting) and Harvard Business School (M.B.A.). Mr. Callinan holds the CFA designation.
*Morningstar Managers of the Year are determined by a combination of qualitative research by Morningstar's manager research analysts; risk-adjusted medium- to long-term performance track records; and performance in the calendar year.
Bryan Wong
Vice President & Portfolio Manager
Prior to joining Osterweis Capital Management in 2014, Bryan Wong was a member of the investment team managing the endowment of the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. Before that, Mr. Wong was an Analyst at Wohl Capital Management, a long/short hedge fund.
He is an equity owner in and a principal of the firm and a Portfolio Manager for the emerging growth strategy.
Mr. Wong serves on the investment committee of the Asian Pacific Fund.
Mr. Wong graduated from Yale University (B.A. in Political Science and International Studies with distinction) and the University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business (M.B.A., Investment Management Fellow). Mr. Wong holds the CFA designation and is a member of the CFA Society of San Francisco.
★★★★★ Ratings Information
The Emerging Opportunity Fund is rated 5 Stars Overall in the Small Growth Category
Related Insight
Morningstar Magazine: Osterweis Emerging Opportunity Fund Profile
Steepening the (Adoption) Curve: Covid-19 and Digital Transformation
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For more information about this strategy, please send us an email or call us at (800) 700-3316.
The Fund was rated 5 Stars against 580 funds Overall, 5 Stars against 580 funds over 3 Years, 5 Stars against 513 funds over 5 Years in the Small Growth category based on total returns as of 12/31/21.
The Morningstar Rating™ for funds, or "star rating," is calculated for mutual funds, variable annuity and variable life subaccounts, exchange-traded funds, closed-end funds, and separate accounts) with at least a three-year history. Exchange-traded funds and open-ended mutual funds are considered a single population for comparative purposes. It is calculated based on a Morningstar Risk-Adjusted Return measure that accounts for variation in a managed product's monthly excess performance, placing more emphasis on downward variations and rewarding consistent performance. The top 10% of products in each product category receive 5 stars, the next 22.5% receive 4 stars, the next 35% receive 3 stars, the next 22.5% receive 2 stars, and the bottom 10% receive 1 star. The Overall Morningstar Rating for a managed product is derived from a weighted average of the performance figures associated with its three-, five-, and 10-year (if applicable) Morningstar Rating metrics. The weights are: 100% three-year rating for 36-59 months of total returns, 60% five-year rating/40% three-year rating for 60-119 months of total returns, and 50% 10-year rating/30% five-year rating/20% three-year rating for 120 or more months of total returns. While the 10-year overall star rating formula seems to give the most weight to the 10-year period, the most recent three-year period has the greatest impact because it is included in all three rating periods. The Osterweis Emerging Opportunity Fund does not have a five-year Morningstar rating at this time.
© 2022 Morningstar. All Rights Reserved. The information contained herein: (1) is proprietary to Morningstar and/or its content providers; (2) may not be copied or distributed; and (3) is not warranted to be accurate, complete or timely. Neither Morningstar nor its content providers are responsible for any damages or losses arising from any use of this information. Past performance does not guarantee future results.
Opinions expressed are those of the author, are subject to change at any time, are not guaranteed and should not be considered investment advice.
The Osterweis Emerging Opportunity Fund's top 10 holdings may be viewed by clicking here.
Holdings are subject to change at any time. References to securities are not a recommendation to buy or sell.
The S&P 500 Index is an unmanaged index that is widely regarded as the standard for measuring large-cap U.S. stock market performance.
The Russell 2000 Growth Index is a market capitalization weighted index representing those stocks within the approximately 2000 smallest companies in the universe of U.S. equities that exhibit growth characteristics.
The Russell 2000 Index is an index measuring the performance of the 2,000 smallest companies in the Russell 3000 Index.
Cash flow measures the cash generating capability of a company by adding non-cash charges (e.g. depreciation) and interest expense to pretax income.
Price-to-Sales (P/S) ratio is calculated by taking a company's market capitalization (the number of outstanding shares multiplied by the share price) and dividing it by the company's total sales or revenue over the past 12 months.
Price-to-Earnings (P/E) multiple is Price-to-Earnings (P/E) ratio is the ratio of the stock price to the trailing 12 months diluted EPS.
Earnings per share (EPS) is the portion of a company's profit allocated to each outstanding share of common stock.
Mutual fund investing involves risk. Principal loss is possible. The Osterweis Emerging Opportunity Fund may invest in unseasoned companies, which involve additional risks such as abrupt or erratic price movements. The Fund may invest in small and mid-sized companies, which may involve greater volatility than large-sized companies. The Fund may invest in IPOs and unseasoned companies that are in the early stages of their development and may pose more risk compared to more established companies. The Fund may invest in ETFs, which involve risks that do not apply to conventional funds. Higher turnover rates may result in increased transaction costs, which could impact performance. From time to time, the Fund may have concentrated positions in one or more sectors subjecting the Fund to sector emphasis risk. The Fund may invest in foreign and emerging market securities, which involve greater volatility and political, economic and currency risks and differences in accounting methods. These risks may increase for emerging markets.
The Osterweis Funds are available by prospectus only. The Funds' investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses must be considered carefully before investing. The summary and statutory prospectuses contain this and other important information about the Funds. You may obtain a summary or statutory prospectus by calling toll free at (866) 236-0050, or by visiting www.osterweis.com/statpro. Please read the prospectus carefully before investing to ensure the Fund is appropriate for your goals and risk tolerance.
Osterweis Capital Management is the adviser to the Osterweis Funds, which are distributed by Quasar Distributors, LLC. [OSTE-20211227-0402]
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A special election will be held on May 21, 2019, to fill the remainder of the term for Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives for the 116th United States Congress. Tom Marino, a Republican, resigned from office effective January 23.
As a result of the 2018 elections, Pennsylvania's House delegation to the 116th U.S. Congress took office in early January 2019 with a tie of 9 Republicans and 9 Democrats.
Republican Tom Marino, the incumbent representative for Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district, announced his resignation effective January 23, 2019. By state law, Governor Tom Wolf was required to call for a special election at least 60 days after the seat became vacant. Wolf set the election for May 21. Primary elections were not held in the race. Instead, nominees were chosen by each party. Republicans selected their nominee on March 2.
According to the Pennsylvania Democratic Party, Marc Friedenberg, the Democratic nominee for the district in 2018, was the only individual who submitted an application to be the nominee. Therefore, the convention was cancelled, and the party declared Friedenberg the nominee on February 12.
^ Levy, Marc (November 6, 2018). "Democrats, 4 of them women, win House seats in Pennsylvania". Associated Press. Retrieved February 27, 2019.
^ Oprysko, Caitlin; Motellaro, Zach (January 17, 2019). "Pennsylvania GOP Rep. Tom Marino to retire this month". Politico. Retrieved January 17, 2019.
^ Paez, Sarah. "Congressman Tom Marino resigns, leaving vacancy in Pa.'s 12th district | Centre Daily Times". Centredaily.com. Retrieved January 17, 2019.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Krawczeniuk, Borys (February 19, 2019). "Dozens eyeing Marino's vacant U.S. House seat". The Citizens' Voice. Retrieved February 19, 2019.
^ a b c d e Krawczeniuk, Borys (January 25, 2019). "List grows for those seeking Marino seat". citizensvoice.com. Retrieved March 7, 2019.
^ "Former Commissioner Malcolm Derk is running for US Congress". WKOK. February 17, 2019. Retrieved February 18, 2019.
^ Cole, John (February 12, 2019). "PA12: Stacy Garrity Announces Bid for GOP Primary". PoliticsPA. Retrieved February 13, 2019.
^ Dandes, Rick. "Candidates step forward to replace Marino in U.S. Congress | Election 2019". dailyitem.com. Retrieved February 12, 2019.
^ a b "Candidates line up to replace U.S. Rep. Tom Marino". pennlive.com. Retrieved February 11, 2019.
^ a b "Election season is fast approaching. Who's running to represent Centre County?". centredaily. Retrieved February 14, 2019.
^ Dandes, Rick. "Candidates step forward to replace Marino in U.S. Congress | Election 2019". dailyitem.com. Retrieved February 11, 2019.
^ Barletta, Lou [@louforsenate] (February 1, 2019). "I am humbled by the number of you who have reached out to me. However, at this time, I am enjoying spending time with my family and preparing for the next chapter of my career. I look forward to helping elect the GOP candidate chosen by the conferees.(2/2)" (Tweet). Retrieved February 2, 2019 – via Twitter.
^ a b c d e f g "Marino Resignation Expected to Spark GOP Candidate Rush". National Journal. Retrieved January 18, 2019.
^ a b c fscarcella@dailyitem.com, Rick Dandes rdandes@dailyitem com and Francis Scarcella. "Furious scramble to find replacement candidates in 12th District expected". The Daily Item. Retrieved January 18, 2019.
^ Gizzi, John (January 20, 2019). "Just What GOP Doesn't Need, Another Special Election in Pa". Newsmax. Retrieved January 20, 2019.
^ TaylorLightman (January 17, 2019). "Repub on the shortlist to replace Marino in #PA12: @senatorscavello @DougMclinko Rep. Fred Keller". @taylormlightman. Retrieved January 18, 2019.
^ "Pennsylvania Democratic Party Announces Candidate For Special Election In The 12th Congressional District - Pennsylvania Democratic PartyPennsylvania Democratic Party". Padems.com. Retrieved February 12, 2019.
^ a b Danneker, Derek (March 2, 2019). "Keller lands GOP nomination". Williamsport Sun-Gazette. Retrieved March 29, 2019.
^ Guy Reschenthaler on twitter.
^ "Endorsements". Marc Friedenberg For Congress. March 27, 2019.


text:
General News Sat, 23 Sep 2017
Akufo-Addo only re-echoing Mahama's Free SHS policy – NDC Youth Organiser
Central Regional Deputy Youth Organiser of the National Democratic Congress (NDC), has called the New Patriotic Party's (NPP) implementation of the Free SHS a mere resonation of the NDC's ideas and described it as unexceptional.
The implementation of the Free SHS policy which was NPP's flagship campaign promise was met with mixed reactions from Ghanaians.
Many have lauded the policy as an interventive measure that will reduce the number of school dropouts and provide free access for families to transit their wards from the JHS level to SHS at no financial cost.
Like others however, particularly some members and executives of the opposition NDC who have criticised the policy, describing it as unsustainable and a "stolen" policy from their party, Eric Dadson argues that the erstwhile Mahama government must be given due credit for having introduced the Free SHS policy.
In an interview with ghanaweb.com, he said the NPP government led by President Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo is "just re-echoing His Excellency John Dramani Mahama's administrative policy".
"Akufo-Addo is on record of congratulating John Mahama for initiating Free SHS so what we're seeing in Ghana today is nothing new. What we're saying now is that John Dramani Mahama left Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo a strong policy, a strong legacy which is seen in the quality and accessibility of education," Mr. Dadson stressed.


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Performance Review: Deyonta Davis
Impact Izzone will be handing out performance reviews for each Spartan in the following weeks. The series will start with the freshmen and move up the classes. Stay tuned for the rest of our grades!
Deyonta Davis 2015-16 stats: 18.6 mins, 7.5 PPG, 5.5 RPG, 1.8 BPG, 59.8% FG
Davis was tough to figure out when he first got to East Lansing. The quietest kid on campus with perhaps the most potential, we had no idea what to expect. Was he going to be a three-year project or a one-year superstar? The answer lies somewhere in the middle.
With the extraordinary depth of the MSU squad, Davis was not relied upon by any means as a go-to scorer. In fact, he was only No. 6 on the team in total minutes and No. 5 in points. Davis started 16 of the last 17 games and provided a great one-two punch in the paint alongside Matt Costello. But it was his defense that separated him from his peers. His shot blocking ability was by far the best on the team and one of the best in the Big Ten. That's what pro scouts love about Davis.
He showed flashes of promise with his post up game, but for the most part it was his active rebounding and putbacks that made him so valuable. His game against Wisconsin in East Lansing was perhaps the pinnacle of his season. Davis was matched up with Nigel Hayes, who torched Davis in the last meeting. Well it was Davis who dominated round two, limiting Hayes to five points on 1-for-13 shooting. Games like those make you remember why Davis was a five-star recruit and is currently considering making a jump to the NBA.
Davey Segal
Being named Mr. Basketball for the state of Michigan before entering your freshman year at a basketball powerhouse in East Lansing means that you have lofty expectations — and that's what Deyonta Davis had when he put on the green and white.
The second half of his season was definitely his brightest, as he started all but one game of the last 17 and was a defensive juggernaut. The play that I will remember him for most was his block on Diamond Stone at the end of the Maryland game to advance to the Big Ten championship game. Davis' huge wingspan, coupled with his knack of awareness in the post, makes him one of the best defensive players on the Spartans roster.
But that's only if he comes back next season for his sophomore year, and forgoes the NBA Draft and millions of dollars. I'm on record as saying I think he will come back. He has some things to improve upon, most notably his shyness of shooting the basketball with his back away from the bucket. He did it in high school, so why not do it at MSU? Davis was a top five player for Michigan State this past season, and he was a pleasure to watch. I think I echo all Spartan fans' sentiments when I say I hope he comes back next season and gets revenge.
David Manion
Before the start of the 2015-2016 basketball season, Spartan fans envisioned Deyonta Davis playing an effective role coming off the bench. The enormous depth of forwards including Costello, Schilling, and Wollenman overshadowed the nothing but hyped 6-foot-10 Mr. Basketball of Michigan. However, Davis showed that the hype was real after his overall impressive debut as a Spartan.
The sensational freshman out of Muskegon played all 35 games for about 19 minutes per game. He netted eight points per game, also recording six rebounds and two blocks. And if that is not enough to impress you, then maybe his stellar 60 percent made shots from the field will do the trick. Davis ranked in the top five on his squad in each of these categories and led the Spartans in blocks per game and field goal percentage.
The main driving force behind his success, of course, is his size. The combination of his expansive arm span and his sky-high hops proved to be lethal, which ultimately led to his swat fest and crashing the boards with ease. This particular display earned him a spot in the starting lineup around the halfway mark of the season. His lengthy size helped him scoring-wise as well, as most of his made shots were within five feet.
The star freshman is not perfect by any means, as Davis was shaky on defense throughout the season. Besides his consistent rebounding and blocking, he struggled defensively maintaining his ground on the interior. Nimble and strong offensive big boys gave Davis fits. He needs to improve on contesting shots and applying more pressure in the post. The bony giant can become the firm giant by pumping iron, which will drastically improve his game. From a leadership standpoint, he has to become more vocal with his teammates and coaches. Hearing Davis talk is as rare as seeing Bill Belichick smile.
Davis surpassed many people's expectations (including mine) as he served as a valuable asset on the Spartans. His size and post game can take him far, but his lack of versatility and limited ball movement may hold him back. Hopefully he returns to MSU to develop into more of a complete player and possibly take Izzo and company to the promised land.
Ryan Cole
Whether it was his rim-rocking putback dunks or his jaw-dropping blocks, Deyonta Davis impressed in his first (and only?) season as a Spartan. The Muskegon monster, all 6-foot-10 of him, came in with raw athletic ability and overall did a solid job of improving on that ability.
Only at times was Davis a force offensively. He became Denzel Valentine's favorite alley-oop candidate, and with length like Davis's, you can't blame him. But outside of lobs and putbacks, I felt like Davis was not doing enough on the offensive side of the ball. There was never a moment where he was a top option for scoring the basketball. He developed a mid-range jumper later in the season, gaining confidence in that shot as conference play advanced. With his back to the basket, Davis was either hit or miss. His jump hook was pretty and was hardly ever blocked, thanks to his length. But I'd like to see Davis put some muscle on to his wiry frame and use more power against opposing bigs.
Davis was also hit-or-miss on defense. The highlight to his entire game is definitely his shot-blocking ability, and with 64 blocks, he set the freshman record at Michigan State. Davis also developed his footwork on defense over the course of the year, holding his own against other wiry bigs. His signature performance was against Wisconsin star forward Nigel Hayes on Feb. 18. Davis held the first team All-Big Ten forward to 1-of-13 shooting and only five points in a crucial win for MSU. However, his body is still not fit for defending the big, burly centers that the Big Ten usually fields, so he will need to bulk up this offseason to become a complete player. Overall, Davis was outrageously impressive in his strengths, but his weaknesses must be fixed for him to become an elite player.
Author Blake FrolingPosted on April 14, 2016 Categories Impact Sports Articles
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Nokia (NYSE: NOK) has given bloggers and journalists across both sides of the Atlantic a sneak peek at their great new hope, the N8, slated for a Q3 release starting in Europe. It's no secret that Nokia needs a high-end smartphone hit, but judging from a range of reviews, the N8 might not be the one. The verdict for the latest iPhone killer is strikingly similar: Though the N8 more than delivers on the hardware, the software disappoints.
Interesting to see the blogosphere echo chamber in action, with the same reviews of pre-production hardware being propagated over and over again. Just got my (production) unit yesterday. Among other things the review above claims that the N8 is 'sluggish' — that really isn't correct, this may be the *most* responsive hadnset I have used.
Is it true that Telexy made Remote Desktop software and normal VPN client are included for Nokia N8 ?
Their hardware is great? More than S60's gigantic memory leaks, it was the awful hardware on Nokia's S60 devices that made the user experience awful.
1) 128mb ram vs. Samsung i8910's 256mb also running on S60.
2) Slow CPU's. Can you believe the first S60's came out with only 364MHz. That's awful for a software system that isn't able to sustain memory.
3) No GPU. Nokia claims S60 wasn't coded up for GPU support.
You can see their hardware was the real Achilles heel. There were times where I just wanted to slam the phone against the wall. If it weren't for that their phones would've been amazing. In terms of usability, Symbian offers a LOT of flexibility; perhaps, even more than Android. Their's great 3rd-party software and themes that allow the user to change the look drastically. I loved all that, just the hardware disappointed.
Nokia is back tracking and getting things right and it may not be ostentatious, but I foresee Symbian^3 to be a very stable and functional OS. Personally, Symbian is the most functional operating system, it just offers so much flexibility – and I am American, gasp! All, the flashy gimmicks on a phone grow old fast, a prime example being the cover flow. All that said, this is a step in the right direction for Nokia.
Jason – In today's competitive market, if a 4-year veteran Symbian user still terms this evolution something to "put up with" than this device is absolutely dead in the water. I use a variety of devices daily – iPhone, Droid, and Nokia n96 mini. Let's be honest – Nokia's software environment is by the far the least elegant and most glitchy of the lot. They are stuck on a rev base that is more appropriate to 5 years ago than today, and they are not adjusting quickly or effectively enough to what is going on in the market. Comparing Nokia to Apple OS is not even fair, its not in the same category. More importantly, comparing any version of Symbian as well as QT and Maepo to android – all of them fall short. And this, with Apple OS and Android being far from perfect.
Their hardware is great, although HTC is quickly catching up in terms of design. They should scrap Symbian and either start from scratch or release a modified version of Android OS. They deserve all the criticism they are getting – this is a company absolutely tonedeaf to its own slow self-destruction, which has continued to put out devices based on its 2002 product planning timeline, as if nothing in the industry has happened in the meantime.
Making any comment on the software at this point is inconclusive. Nokia was very clear that this software is not final release. However, yes – it is a bit disappointing that this incarnation of Symbian is so similar to the present version. The fonts, menus, and other UI elements are very similar.
However, as a 4 year Symbian user, I don't mind this – as long as app support and services are there for the N8, I'm willing to 'put up with' the Symbian UX I'm familiar with.
You didn't highlight one bit of coverage, namely from Rafe Blandford and his videos from All About Symbian.
Rafe (and Ewan MacLeod from Mobile Industry Review) who are very up front with NOK when they fail, seem to be satisftied with the N8 in their videos thus far. Another perspective amongst Dianne's assortment mentioned in the original post.


text:
January 28, 2023 | Decades-Old Mystery Solved? Astronomers May Have Uncovered How Galaxies Change Their Shape
January 28, 2023 | Mysteries Remain About Puzzling Bahamas Whiting Events
Home Earth News
A Slowdown in Earth's Rotation Could Have Affected the Oxygen Content of the Atmosphere
TOPICS:Atmospheric ScienceEvolutionMax Planck InstituteMicrobiologyOxygenPopular
By Max Planck Society August 2, 2021
A scuba diver observes the purple, white and green microbes covering rocks in Lake Huron's Middle Island Sinkhole. Credit: Phil Hartmeyer, NOAA Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary
A long day for microbes, and the rise of oxygen on Earth.
Virtually all oxygen on Earth was and is produced by photosynthesis, which was invented by tiny organisms, the cyanobacteria, when our planet was still a rather uninhabitable place. Cyanobacteria evolved more than 2.4 billion years ago, but Earth only slowly transformed to the oxygen-rich planet we know today. "We do not fully understand why it took so long and what factors controlled Earth's oxygenation," said geomicrobiologist Judith Klatt. "But when studying mats of cyanobacteria in the Middle Island Sinkhole in Lake Huron in Michigan, which live under conditions resembling early Earth, I had an idea."
Map of the Great Lakes basin showing the geological context. Arrow and red circle indicate the location of several submerged Lake Huron sinkholes, including the Middle Island Sinkhole. Credit: Figure from Biddanda et al. 2012, published in Nature Education Knowledge, and originally sourced from Granneman et al. 2000
Cyanobacteria are late risers
Klatt worked together with a team of researchers around Greg Dick from the University of Michigan. The water in the Middle Island Sinkhole, where groundwater seeps out of the lake bottom, is very low in oxygen. "Life on the lake bottom is mainly microbial, and serves as a working analog for the conditions that prevailed on our planet for billions of years," says Bopi Biddanda, a collaborating microbial ecologist from the Grand Valley State University. The microbes there are mainly purple oxygen-producing cyanobacteria that compete with white sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. The former generate energy with sunlight, the latter with the help of sulfur.
Purple microbial mats in the Middle Island Sinkhole in Lake Huron, June 2019. Small hills and "fingers" like this one in the mats are caused by gases like methane and hydrogen sulfide bubbling up beneath them. Credit: Phil Hartmeyer, NOAA Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary
In order to survive, these bacteria perform a tiny dance each day: From dusk till dawn, the sulfur-eating bacteria lie on top of the cyanobacteria, blocking their access to sunlight. When the sun comes out in the morning, the sulfur-eaters move downwards and the cyanobacteria rise to the surface of the mat. "Now they can start to photosynthesize and produce oxygen," explained Klatt. "However, it takes a few hours before they really get going, there is a long lag in the morning. The cyanobacteria are rather late risers than morning persons, it seems." As a result, their time for photosynthesis is limited to only a few hours each day. When Brian Arbic, a physical oceanographer at the University of Michigan, heard about this diel microbial dance, he raised an intriguing question: "Could this mean that changing daylength would have impacted photosynthesis over Earth's history?"
A burbot fish resting on rocks covered in purple and white microbial mats inside the Middle Island Sinkhole in Lake Huron. Credit: Phil Hartmeyer, NOAA Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary
Day length on Earth has not always been 24 hours. "When the Earth-Moon system formed, days were much shorter, possibly even as short as six hours," Arbic explained. Then the rotation of our planet slowed due to the tug of the moon's gravity and tidal friction, and days grew longer. Some researchers also suggest that Earth's rotational deceleration was interrupted for about one billion years, coinciding with a long period of low global oxygen levels. After that interruption, when Earth's rotation started to slow down again about 600 million years ago, another major transition in global oxygen concentrations occurred.
Geomicrobiologist Judith Klatt, formerly a postdoctoral researcher in Greg Dick's U-M laboratory and now at the Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, scrapes a microbial mat from the top of a sediment core collected at the Middle Island Sinkhole in Lake Huron. Credit: Jim Erickson, University of Michigan News
After noting the stunning similarity between the pattern of Earth's oxygenation and rotation rate over geological timescales, Klatt was fascinated by the thought that there might be a link between the two – a link that went beyond the "late riser" photosynthesis lag observed in the Middle Island sinkhole. "I realized that daylength and oxygen release from microbial mats are related by a very basic and fundamental concept: During short days, there is less time for gradients to develop and thus less oxygen can escape the mats," Klatt hypothesized.
U-M geomicrobiologist and oceanographer Greg Dick, left, and U-M environmental engineering alumnus Kirk Olsen examine one of the sediment cores collected from the Middle Island Sinkhole in Lake Huron. The cores contain samples of microbial mats that are analogs for the types of microorganisms that thrived on Earth billions of years ago. Credit: Jim Erickson, University of Michigan News
From bacterial mats to global oxygen
Klatt teamed up with Arjun Chennu, who then also worked at the Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology and now leads his own group at the Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT) in Bremen. Based on an open-source software developed by Chennu for this study, they investigated how sunlight dynamics link to oxygen release from the mats. "Intuition suggests that two 12-hour days should be similar to one 24-hour day. The sunlight rises and falls twice as fast, and the oxygen production follows in lockstep. But the release of oxygen from bacterial mats does not, because it is limited by the speed of molecular diffusion. This subtle uncoupling of oxygen release from sunlight is at the heart of the mechanism," said Chennu.
Scuba divers in dry suits prepare to enter the frigid waters of Lake Huron to collect microbial mat samples at the Middle Island Sinkhole in September 2017. Temperatures at the bottom of the sinkhole, where groundwater rich in sulfur and low in oxygen seeps into the lake bottom, can be in the low 40s Fahrenheit. Credit: Jim Erickson, University of Michigan News
To understand how the processes occurring within a day can impact long-term oxygenation, Klatt and her colleagues incorporated their results into global models of oxygen levels. The analysis suggests that the increased oxygen release due to daylength change could have boosted oxygen levels globally. It is a link between the activity of tiny organisms and global processes. "We tie together laws of physics operating at vastly different scales, from molecular diffusion to planetary mechanics. We show that there is a fundamental link between day length and how much oxygen can be released by ground-dwelling microbes," said Chennu. "It's pretty exciting. This way we link the dance of the molecules in the microbial mat to the dance of our planet and its Moon."
Scuba diver leaps from the stern of the R/V Storm before descending to the bottom of the Middle Island Sinkhole roughly 80 feet below, in September 2017. Credit: Jim Erickson, University of Michigan News
Overall, the two major oxygenation events (jumps in oxygen concentration) in Earth's history – the Great Oxidation Event more than two billion years ago and the later Neoproterozoic Oxygenation Event – might be linked to increasing daylength. Hence, increasing daylength could have boosted benthic net productivity sufficiently to impact atmospheric oxygen levels. "Juggling with this wide range of temporal and spatial scales was mind-boggling – and lots of fun," Klatt concludes.
Reference: "Possible link between Earth's rotation rate and oxygenation" by J. M. Klatt, A. Chennu, B. K. Arbic, B. A. Biddanda and G. J. Dick, 2 August 2021, Nature Geoscience.
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23 Comments on "A Slowdown in Earth's Rotation Could Have Affected the Oxygen Content of the Atmosphere"
Dan | August 2, 2021 at 8:08 am | Reply
Well no duh! If our Oxygen hadn't thinned out you could have a T-Rex step on your car turning you to goo on your drive home. Wouldn't that be cool?
Clyde Spencer | August 2, 2021 at 9:43 am | Reply
Are you suggesting that the demise of dinosaurs was caused by a decline in oxygen levels?
Do you have a citation for a study to support that conjecture?
Jimbo | August 2, 2021 at 9:04 am | Reply
If it were your car being stepped on, yes it would be very cool.
I assume that you have some kind of automobile phobia.
Bob | August 2, 2021 at 10:06 am | Reply
Or could of thined so you can't drive home or make comments
John Wayland | August 2, 2021 at 10:07 am | Reply
And, how is this handled by the POLITICIANS that are preaching climate change to promote THEIR agenda? The answer is…"It is not along with MANY other facts which confuse their "logic."
Torbjörn Larsson | August 4, 2021 at 11:11 am | Reply
Have you any data supporting that changing oxygen levels, as opposed to the man made drastic change in greenhouse gases and so global temperatures, has anything to do with climate change or politics? Maybe the latter, if you have large meetings … 😀
I would buy tickets to see that .
Phil Olson | August 2, 2021 at 10:52 am | Reply
I have a picture of the mantle/crust interface as a giant purcolator. The water goes by faster than the coffee is extracted, so it gets run through many cycles before visible results finally show.
Differing day/night ratios give extration rates varying by fators of ten as the Earth spins up.
Not seen except in geological record. Way too slow for direct human observation.
More accurate numbers as more data rolls in.
The percolator idea is part of plate tectonics, which subduct and recycle water rich ocean crust.
But note that Earth spins down, not up.
Kramer Stuart | August 2, 2021 at 10:59 am | Reply
I'm gonna join the random blame game and say this is the fault of a Chinese Three Gorges Dam effecting the rotation of the planet. No research was done on it and its known to cause earthquakes in short term as it is.it also apparently changes the planets rotstion by a few microseconds.
All large dams would do the same though – if we are appointing blame.
Glen Alan | August 2, 2021 at 1:04 pm | Reply
I'm just amazed we live off the waste product of cyanobacteria. If we are the ultimate life form how come we don't survive breathing in helium and drinking saltwater?
Helium is chemically inert so is a bad element to have in redox reactions at normal room temperatures. We are fishes in the evolutionary tree – our ancestors were – and saltwater living fishes drink saltwater – but we live around fresh water on land.
Ken Towe | August 2, 2021 at 1:38 pm | Reply
Cyanobacterial mats (stromatolites) in the Early Archean lived at the surface, protected from the young Sun's damaging UV radiation by stratospheric ozone derived from non-photosyntherixc oxygen. If the Earth was rotating differently it would have affected all life. No need to postulate something different. The lake bottom is low in oxygen because of aerobic bacteria consuming that oxygen as they recycle CO2 to the waters. It is not naturally low.
It is arguable that early Archean had continents yet. Or do you mean the ocean surface? But it doesn't matter where the oxygen oases were located in this model if the Earth spin was rapid, which it was.
Yes, the diffusion limit would have affected all pre-eukaryote life at the time, but it was the oxygen consequences that changed the atmosphere most.
The Lake Huron sinkholes are modern prototypes for Archaean conditions used when building the model. You shouldn't read too much into the current conditions – say, if the day cycle were shorter these sinkholes could have even less oxygen.
Ed Ambrose | August 2, 2021 at 2:30 pm | Reply
I wonder if the ice age cycles would also impact the length of a day. During an ice age more mass is concentrated near the earth's axis of rotation causing it to speed up. Conversely when the ice receded, more liquid water would migrate to the oceans and further away from the axis of rotation thus slowing the rotation. It would be interesting to see if there's a correlation between ice age periods and reduced O2 production by cyanobacterial mats.
Cynthia Binder | August 2, 2021 at 5:29 pm | Reply
Awesome 🌚🌝🌑🌘🌕🕷🐞🐜really all made sense to me…🦠💐🌴🌱🍀
TTimmyown | August 3, 2021 at 5:25 am | Reply
Very interesting comment from Ed Ambrose. Any way to confirm ? We are experiencing this with glacial melt now.
I believe there presently is other major sources of oxygen generation which are not natural.
Two examples :
1.) Smelting of aluminum
2.) Production of Hydrogen were the oxygen is not stored along with the hydrogen .
My last comment is that of atmospheric oxygen levels pre- fires in areas experiencing wild fires ?
"If all of Earth's ice melts and flows into the ocean, what would happen to the planet's rotation?"
"Melting land ice, like mountain glaciers and the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, will change the Earth's rotation only if the meltwater flows into the oceans. If the meltwater remains close to its source (by being trapped in a glacier lake, for example), then there is no net movement of mass away from the glacier or ice sheet, and the Earth's rotation won't change. But if the meltwater flows into the oceans and is dispersed, then there is a net movement of mass and the Earth's rotation will change. For example, if the Greenland ice sheet were to completely melt and the meltwater were to completely flow into the oceans, then global sea level would rise by about seven meters (23 feet) and the Earth would rotate more slowly, with the length of the day becoming longer than it is today, by about two milliseconds.
Melting sea ice, such as the Arctic ice cap, does not change sea level because the ice displaces its volume and, hence, does not change the Earth's rotation."
[ https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/30/if-all-of-earths-ice-melts-and-flows-into-the-ocean-what-would-happen-to-the-planets-rotation/ ]
James Satterfield | August 3, 2021 at 8:24 am | Reply
The way I taught it in college is that after snowball earth melted around 600-700 mya, the planet was covered in shallow seas, much of which was warm. Plankton populations exploded and 0xygen levels rise to near current levels. This is also generally tied to the development of multicellular animals, which require more oxygen that prokaryotes.
My 2 cents
Yes, no principle problem there – they wanted to understand the boring billions – but see the Science link I provided. If not the whole story behind the Neoproterozoic Oxygenation Event the proposed mechanism sure looks like a potentially huge factor.
More perspective here https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2021/08/totally-new-idea-suggests-longer-days-early-earth-set-stage-complex-life .
The Science link has a figure summarizing the nice correlations between diverse data and models. This looks naively like a huge factor, and specialists are excited too.
"This "elegant" idea helps explain why oxygen didn't build up in the atmosphere as soon as cyanobacteria appeared on the scene 3.5 billion years ago, says Timothy Lyons, a biogeochemist at the University of California, Riverside. …
Still, Lyons and others say, many factors likely contributed to the rise in oxygen. For example, Fischer suspects free-floating cyanobacteria, not just those in rock-affixed mats, were big players. Benjamin Mills, an Earth system modeler at the University of Leeds, thinks the release of oxygen-binding minerals by ancient volcanoes likely countered the early buildup of the gas at times and should be factored into oxygen calculations.
Nonetheless, changing day length "is something that should be considered in more detail," he says. "I'll try to add it to our Earth system models.""
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We've brought you the side-by-side arguments of President Obama and former vice-president Cheney, and now the blogosphere is weighing in. In a completely unsurprising turn of events, conservatives and liberals do not see eye to eye on who won the day, but this debate seems even more starkly partisan than usual, with neither side apparently willing to acknowledge any positive points from the other side. Add to the lack of anything resembling a consensus the fact that both speeches are pretty long, cover a ton of ground, and aren't easily digested by the public, and we'd hazard to guess that, despite the importance of this morning's events, the national-security debate didn't change much today.


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text:
// Copyright (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.

#pragma once

#include "pch.h"
#include "Scenario6_DisplayFileProperties.g.h"
#include "MainPage.xaml.h"

namespace SDKSample
{
    namespace FileAccess
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Displaying file properties.
        /// </summary>
        [Windows::Foundation::Metadata::WebHostHidden]
        public ref class Scenario6 sealed
        {
        public:
            Scenario6();

        private:
            static Windows::Globalization::DateTimeFormatting::DateTimeFormatter^ dateFormat;
            static Windows::Globalization::DateTimeFormatting::DateTimeFormatter^ timeFormat;
            static Platform::String^ dateAccessedProperty;
            static Platform::String^ fileOwnerProperty;

            MainPage^ rootPage;

            void ShowPropertiesButton_Click(Platform::Object^ sender, Windows::UI::Xaml::RoutedEventArgs^ e);
        };
    }
}


text:
Q: Error using Laravel resource controller update method within a grouped route I have a Laravel app which I'm using to create a RESTful API.
I'm having some issues with the edit/update methods in my resource controller when using a grouped route.
WHen I remove the route grouping the controller works as expected.
My routes look like:
Route::group(array('prefix' => 'api/v1'), function()
{
    Route::resource('/trip', 'TripController');
});

So using this my RESTFul endpoints should look like:
GET /api/v1/trip/{resource}

GET /api/v1/trip/{resource}/edit

PUT /api/v1/trip/update/{resource}

GET /api/v1/trip/create

POST /api/v1/trip/store/{resource}

etc.
All work except the Edit and Update endpoints.
When I hit /api/v1/trip/{resource}/edit I get the following error
Unable to generate a URL for the named route "trip.update" as such route does not exist.

My Controller Edit method is just a quick form for testing. It looks like:
public function edit($id)
{
  $oTrip = new Trip;
  $oTrip = $oTrip->find($id);

  echo Form::model($oTrip, array(
    'route' => array('trip.update', $oTrip->id),
    'method' => 'PUT'
    ));
  echo Form::text('headline');
  echo Form::text('description');
  echo Form::submit('Click Me!');
  echo Form::close();
}

Laravel seems to be unable to find trip.update when in the grouped route.
I think there is a problem with the Group prefix api/v1
When I comment out the group code just to read:
Route::resource('/trip', 'TripController');

...and access the uri just as /trip/{resource}/edit without the api/v1 prefix everything works fine as expected.
Is there something I'm missing?
I would really like to get this working with the grouping and api/v1 prefix.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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I started thinking about writing this book about four years ago. I kept seeing report after report saying that anti‐ semitism in America was on the decline. The information came from a variety of polls and studies. The news seemed good.
At the same time, my own research in Jewish communities all over the United States showed substantial proportions of Jews, usually at least 20% in each community, saying that they had experienced antisemitism in the year prior to being surveyed. The findings were fairly consistent from one city to another, year after year. To my surprise, Jews under the age of 35 were the most likely to say that they were experiencing antisemitism. These experiences did not seem to fit with all the positive news about the decline of antisemitism.
So I began to look at the subject in greater depth. I examined the available evidence about the actual state of antisemitism in America and was astonished to discover how seldom the topic of "contemporary" antisemitism was actually studied. Instead, impressions, some rather incomplete auditing mechanisms, and occasional public opinion polls were used to measure antisemitism. The methods being used to assess how non-Jews felt about Jews today were not "contemporary" at all. The times and contexts had changed, but the measuring tools were essentially unaltered.
Much of what is written about antisemitism focuses . . .


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text:
Second Deer in North Carolina Tests Positive for CWD
Both CWD positive deer were found in Yadkin County.
RALEIGH, NC (August 18, 2022) – A second deer in North Carolina has tested positive for Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD). Officials with the N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission say the deer was tested as part of ongoing CWD surveillance efforts cooperating with farmers that have active depredation permits. The deer came from a farm less than one mile from where the first CWD-positive deer was harvested in Yadkin County in December 2021.
"With deer season opening in less than a month, we wanted to get the news of this second positive out as quickly as possible," said Brad Howard, chief of the Wildlife Commission's Wildlife Management Division. "It's imperative that hunters understand how important it is to submit samples to help determine how prevalent CWD is here in North Carolina. It's also crucial that we enlist their help to not give the disease a ride to new areas."
As a result of the first positive, Primary and Secondary Surveillance Areas were established within the northwestern region and special regulations were implemented in the Surveillance Areas. Since the two infected deer came from the same area, no changes to the Surveillance Areas are planned at this time. A comprehensive overview of the special CWD regulations is online at ncwildlife.org/CWD.
Officials say the biggest message to hunters this season is, "Don't give it a ride." CWD spreads via infected saliva, urine and feces of live deer, or the movement of deer carcasses and carcass parts. Since deer who are infected may appear healthy, it is important that precautions are taken when transporting or disposing of deer carcasses.
"CWD is highly transmissible. It's imperative that if you hunt and harvest deer that you responsibly dispose of deer remains," said Howard.
Howard suggests hunters follow one of the following disposal methods:
Bury the deer remains where you harvest the animal when possible.
Double bag deer remains for disposal at the closest landfill.
Leave the deer remains on the ground where the animal was harvested.
It's important to emphasize that current Surveillance efforts are focused on working closely with both hunters and farmers throughout the year. The CWD-positive deer taken with the depredation permit was 1 of 28 deer tested within in the Primary Surveillance Area this summer.
"The second positive test result has confirmed that our proactive approach to continue increased testing of deer is successfully helping us track the occurrence of the disease," said Howard. "Hunters can submit deer heads during the hunting season at freezers located across the state, and we'll continue testing roadkill, deer taken with depredation permits, and samples sent from cooperators such as taxidermists and meat processors."
The archery hunting season for white-tailed deer opens across the state on Sept. 10. Black powder and firearms seasons will vary per region. The full season schedule is available at ncwildlife.org.
Shutterstock, Bill McQueen
Categories: Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD), Conserving, From the Field, Home, Hunting, News, Wildlife Health


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