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The Patriot's smaller engine — a 158-horsepower, 2.0-liter four-cylinder — is technically an option on the Patriot Sport with front-wheel drive, which subtracts $200 from its suggested retail price. Either engine comes with a standard five-speed manual transmission. Our test vehicle had the primary engine, a 172-hp, 2.4-liter four-cylinder paired with an optional continuously variable automatic transmission — certainly the most popular choice.
The Patriot accelerates reasonably quickly, though it's no performance car. This isn't a class known for its acceleration, and for a model carrying the extra weight of four-wheel drive, ours was reasonably quick. However, the CVT — chosen for its fuel-saving properties — has drawbacks. For one, under heavy acceleration it allows the engine to rev higher more quickly than a conventional automatic might, and it holds the high engine speeds as the car accelerates, squeezing out all available power. This results in more noise, at unexpected times, which people tend to interpret as "straining." High-revving engines aren't straining, they're just working. But it's a characteristic to which drivers haven't warmed over the years.
What doesn't help in the Patriot's case is a somewhat noisy engine. Even at low speeds it exhibits a faint chugga-chugga, like a distant diesel, as it revs, and the noise penetrates the cabin. The CVT isn't as refined as some: It could be quicker to deliver passing power on demand, and I detected a consistent, repeatable clunk when letting off the accelerator at roughly 20 mph, as you do frequently when driving from one stop sign to another on side streets. It was probably the torque converter unlocking. I noticed the same thing in a four-cylinder Nissan Altima, but it was much less apparent there.
While I've found Nissan's CVTs more refined, I noticed a different problem — significant vibration — in the Suzuki Kizashi I reviewed last year. All the CVTs I've mentioned are supplied by Jatco of Japan, so it may be an issue of integration. Still, some manufacturers have abandoned CVTs for conventional transmissions and dual-clutch automated manuals with six or more gears, which also provide a wide range of gear ratios. I've come to question how much of a future there is for CVTs.


Use common, grade-appropriate Greek and Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word (e.g., belligerent, bellicose, rebel).
Use the relationship between particular words (e.g., synonym/antonym, analogy) to better understand each of the words. c.
Apply grade 7 Reading standards to literary nonfiction (e.g., Trace and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, assessing whether the reasoning is sound and the evidence is relevant and sufficient to support the claims).


Smugglers were charging 35,000 Egyptian pounds ($3,951) for an Egyptian and $3,000 for foreigners to make the risky journey from Egypt to Europe, state media said.
Egypt's official news agency said the boat was carrying 600 people when it sank.
Di Giacomo said those aboard the boat were mainly East African and Egyptian, including many unaccompanied youths whose ranks have increased this year because of economic need and provisions in Italian law that grant them temporary papers and bar their involuntary deportation. He also added that "70% of those coming to Italy come from sub-Saharan Africa".
The search for bodies and survivors has been expanded around the spot where the vessel capsized, said Sultan.
Thousands of illegal migrants have made the unsafe sea voyage across the Mediterranean in recent years fleeing war and poverty, mostly via lawless Libya.
The deadly accident comes months after the European Union's border agency Frontex warned that growing numbers of migrants bound for Europe were turning to Egypt as a departure point for the perilous sea voyage. More than 2,800 deaths were recorded in the first half of this year..
It was not immediately clear where the boat had been heading.
Numerous survivors in the latest tragedy have been detained by police. "Seven people were on board".
In June, a boat capsized near Sicily, leaving at least 169 migrants dead. He said he was among around 100 people in a hold used to store fish when the vessel capsized. "And this is what caused the catastrophe". Survivors said most of those who died were women and children.
Health Ministry spokesperson Khaled Megahed said in a televised statement on Wednesday that the ministry can neither track the number of people on the boat nor examine their documents or names since the process was illegal.
"That's it. The traffickers... they are all known by name to the police around here, everyone knows the police are taking monthly payments from them".
They were among 42 people confirmed dead in the disaster which unfolded on Wednesday. He identified the skipper of the fishing boat as Mohammed Abu Hamid.
Armed forces spokesman Ahmed Samir has said that hundreds of refugees have been prevented from illegally immigrating this year.
Hassan Suleiman Daoud, a relative of one of the refugees, told AP, "We have been telling the authorities from 5.30 am [local time] that the boat is sinking, and they were saying they had no rescue boats, and no one was moving".
Man United boss Jose Mourinho rues the offsides goal from Feyenoord and talks about giving games to his fringe players. According to central defender Chris Smalling, they're fired up to take on the Hornets this Sunday.


text:
Q: Node JS cookie parser not working I am following a tutorial at https://www.codementor.io/nodejs/tutorial/cookie-management-in-express-js. I want to use cookies in my web app to authenticate requests to an API that I am building with Node JS. To set the cookie when the user logs in, I use this line of code:
res.cookie('crewcookie', userkey, { maxAge: 9000000, httpOnly: true });
res.status(200).json({status: 1, data: userdata});

Since httpOnly is true, I tried checking for the cookie when another request is made to my API like this:
console.log(req.cookies);

At the top of my script, I have the following:
var cookieParser = require('cookie-parser');
app.use(cookieParser());

I doesn't seem like it is working because when I check for the cookie in subsequent requests, the log shows this:
{}

It may be worth mentioning that I am using Angular JS in the front. What am I doing wrong here?

A: I had a similar issue with React, and took a while to realize the issue may be with using cookies in the development environment vs. production. If you log 'req.cookies' right after setting it, pretty sure you'll see it has been saved - it's just deleted later on (possibly after a redirect).
However, in a production environment, the cookie was set (in my case) and could be retrieved with req.cookies following redirect.
I would add an if statement to the code you need the cookie for, something like this (express):
if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production'){...}

so that the use of cookies will be carried out in the production environment only.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Тьерри Кокан (; родился 18 апреля 1961 года) — французский , специалист по теории типов и автоматическому доказательству, создатель исчисления конструкций, соорганизатор программы создания унивалентных оснований математики. Профессор факультета информатики и инженерии Гётеборгского университета.

Биография
Родился в Жальё (департамент Изер). В 1980 году окончил парижскую Высшую нормальную школу, в 1982 году сдал  — конкурсный экзамен на право преподавания математики в школах высшей ступени. В 1985 году защитил в INRIA докторскую диссертацию (PhD) по информатике под руководством Жерара Юэ. В 1985—1989 годы был приглашённым исследователем INRIA, в 1989 году занимал должность директора по исследованиям ().

С 1990 года живёт и работает в Швеции: был приглашённым исследователем в Техническом университете Чалмерса, а с 1996 года — профессор Гётеборгского университета.

Научные работы
Во время работы в середине 1980-х годов с Жераром Юэ разработал исчисление конструкций — полиморфное λ-исчисление высшего порядка с зависимыми типами, занимающее высшую точку в λ-кубе Барендрегта и ставшее впоследствии основой программной системы автоматического доказательства Coq. (В названии «Coq» скрыты как акроним исчисления конструкций — CoC, так и первая часть фамилии Кокана.)

Основные публикации по теории типов и автоматическому доказательству. Серия трудов 1990-х — 2000-х годов посвящена  и конструктивной алгебре.

Организаторская деятельность
Член программного комитета XIV Международного конгресса по логике, методологии и философии (2011, Нанси).

Совместно с Владимиром Воеводским и  стал соорганизатором специальной исследовательской программы 2012—2013 академического года в Институте перспективных исследований, посвящённой унивалентным основаниям математики, в её рамках принял участие в совместном создании книги «Гомотопическая теория типов: унивалентные основания математики», в которой изложены основные результаты программы.

Член редакционных коллегий журналов  и Mathematical Structures in Computer Science (оба издаются Cambridge University Press). Рецензент книг по конструктивной алгебре и теории доказательств для издательств Springer-Verlag и Princeton University Press.

Награды и сообщества
В 2008 году стал лауреатом крупной исследовательской премии  за работу по пространствам метризаций ().

В 2011 году избран членом .

Основные публикации
  — анализ аналога парадокса Бурали-Форти для интуиционистской теории типов Мартин-Лёфа.
  — основная публикация по исчислению конструкций.
 .

  — статья о теории типов в Стэнфордской философской энциклопедии.

Примечания

Ссылки

Учёные в области информатики Франции
Учёные в области информатики Швеции

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1920s Egyptian Revival (Part 1): Silk! Embroidery! Flapper Shoes!
Next month the GBACG is hosting an event at the Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum. To celebrate the Egyptomania surrounding Howard Carter's discovery of King Tut's tomb in 1922, I will be making a 20s dress with an Egyptian Revival theme.
I am using white silk velvet and navy blue silk chiffon. Here it is pinned together but still looking rather plain before its embellishments.
I am using Decades of Style's zig zag dress pattern, which I used before to make my Daisy dress for the Gatsby Picnic.
I made a bunch of silk chiffon bias tape to trim the zig zags, but sadly they are really too sheer and delicate and the seams show through, so I will have to come up with another plan. (The fabric is so sheer the sleeves are 2 layers of chiffon).
I have 8 of these vintage appliques, one for each panel of the skirt. They might be a little weird, but I am hoping they are just weird enough.
I am excited to wear the dress with these shoes I got from Royal Vintage Shoes. They come in black/gold and navy/silver, but not navy/gold, so I went with the black/gold combination. They are really lovely and I'm glad I'll have an excuse to wear them!
Posted in 1920s, Gatsby and tagged 1920s, Egyptian, Egyptian Revival, shoes. Bookmark the permalink.
Could you turn those strips into piping and use them still?
Hi Meg I tried doubling them up but they are slippery and hard to make sure everything is nice and even. I did find some fine rayon tape that is the same color and more opaque.
This dress is going to be adorable! The appliques are so cute! Shame about the chiffon, though.
Thank you for the encouraging words Ellie! I've been wanting a velvet dress and this is the right time to make one!
Squee! Egyptian 1920s is *awesome* ! I love your appliques. Can't wait to see how it all looks when finished. The Rosicrucian is a great museum. Have fun!
Thank you! (And thanks for selling the shoes!) I've never been to that museum and I'm excited to go.
White velvet! You are so brave. Too bad about the chiffon bias. They may have needed a white silk taffeta or other stiff fabric backing. Nice job on working on it before February, too.
Well I intend to be indoors so the silk velvet is not an entirely crazy choice. Perhaps making the chemise dresses has emboldened me to live dangerously!


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Rihanna marks major chart achievement with Love on the Brain
February 21st, 2017 by KRNB
Getty Images via ABCChalk up another chart milestone for Rihanna.
With her single "Love on the Brain" jumping up to number eight on the Billboard 100 chart this week, Rihanna becomes one of only three artists in the history of the chart to appear on 30 or more top-10 singles.
Her 30th top-10 hit moves her ahead of Michael Jackson, who had 29 — not including his hits with The Jackson 5; but leaves her behind The Beatles, with 34, and Madonna, with 38, Billboard reports.
Rihanna becomes the second fastest artist to reach the milestone of 30 top-10 singles — it took her 10 years, seven months and two weeks. The Beatles achieved the feat in just five years, nine months and two weeks.
Rihanna's first top 10 hit on the Hot 100 was "Pon De Replay" in 2005.
achievement Brain chart major marks Rihanna
CBreezy Goes in on Critics of His 'Nice Hair' Lyrics! Read More
Rihanna Has Emotional Reunion With Former Teacher Read More
Robin Thicke's That's What Love Can Do tops Billboard's Adult R&B Songs chart Read More
Rihanna responds to President Trump's immigration polices in the most bad gal way possible Read More

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text:
GWPF Newsletter - U-Turn: German Christian Democrats Ditch Carbon Tax
China Building 300 New Coal Power Plants Around The World
1) U-Turn: German Christian Democrats Ditch Carbon Tax
Spiegel Online, 3 May 2019
2) Fearing Public Revolt, German Economy Minister "Not Convinced" Of Carbon Tax
Clean Energy Wire, 3 May 2019
3) Majority Of Brits Unwilling To Cut Back To Fight Climate Change, Poll Finds
Sky News, 2 May 2019
4) China Building 300 New Coal Power Plants Around The World
NPR, 29 April 2019
5) St Greta Claims She Is Able To "See" Carbon Dioxide In The Air
Watts Up With That, 2 May 2019
6) How Britain's Climate Campaigners Are Increasing CO2 Emissions
John Hinderaker, PowerLine, 28 March 2019
7) Climate Change Committee Says Homes Should Be Heated 2C Below What Most People Find Comfortable
Climate Scepticism, 2 May 2019
8) Fracking Boss Jim Ratcliffe Hits Out At 'Pathetic' Government
BBC News, 1 May 2019
Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer, the leader of Germany's Christian Democrats (CDU), has bowed to pressure by the party's business wing: The CDU will not accept a carbon tax, according to information by SPIEGEL magazine.
The Christian Democrats (CDU) will position itself against a carbon tax on climate protection. Party leader Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer decreed at the party's board meeting last Monday that the party will change its position on climate accordingly.
The minister-president of Lower Saxony, Bernd Althusmann, one of the co-authors of the draft climate paper, had previously explained the conditions under which such a tax would make sense. Several participants in the meeting had spoken out against a tax on carbon dioxide emissions. "In that case we will remove the carbon tax from the position paper," Kramp-Karrenbauer said.
The position paper is expected to be adopted at a special meeting of the Executive Board after the European elections. Kramp-Karrenbauer's position is not uncontroversial in the party. For example, Schleswig-Holstein's minister-president Daniel Günther had called for a carbon tax. What is more, the positioning should cause trouble in the Government coalition. Environment Minister Svenja Schulze (Social Democrats/SPD) has called for the introduction of a carbon tax.
For CDU party leader Kramp-Karrenbauer the decision is a defeat. The fact that the CDU is now positioning itself against a carbon tax leaves the Christian Democrats again as a party for which the interests of Germany's economy are more important than those of climate protection. Kramp-Karrenbauer wanted to change this perception in order to prevent the migration of Union voters to the Greens.
Translation GWPF
Full story (in German)
see also - Majority of Germans Oppose Carbon Tax
Only a third of Germans are in favour of the controversial tax which is supposed to help protecting the climate. Green voters favour its most, but AfD voters are most opposed…
Germany's economy and energy minister Peter Altmaier is sceptical of the idea of introducing a tax on CO₂, he said on Maybrit Illner, a political television talk show by public broadcaster ZDF.
"As far as the CO₂ tax is concerned, I say: I am not convinced of it, and I also believe that it would be wrong to rush a decision." While the federal government is currently discussing "all possibilities," the disadvantages outweigh the positive effects of such a tax, he said, referring to the yellow vests protests in France.
"There will be winners and losers. […] In the end, we must not put a heavier burden on either the economy or the people," he said, adding that it would require a "huge bureaucratic effort" to introduce a CO₂ price in a socially fair way – one that does not overburden low-income households, especially those in the countryside. The minister called emissions trading the most efficient solution from an economic perspective. Altmaier also said Germany must decrease its levy to support renewables expansion, and abolish the electricity tax.
The majority of Britons are unwilling to significantly reduce the amount they drive, fly and eat meat in order to combat climate change, a Sky Data poll reveals.
Just over half - 53% - say they would be unwilling even in principle to significantly reduce the amount they fly, while 28% say they would be willing to give up travelling by plane or reduce the amount they do so significantly (19% say they never fly anyway).
People responding to polls often overclaim their willingness to change their behaviour in ways considered socially desirable - but despite this some 52% say they would be unwilling to reduce the amount of meat they eat much (31%) or at all (21%) to help reduce global warming.
Four in ten say they would be willing to either reduce their meat consumption significantly (35%) or give it up entirely (five percent). A further eight percent do not eat meat.
A report from the Committee on Climate Change called for people to reduce how much meat they eat and how often they fly.
Some 56% say they would be unwilling to drive significantly less to protect the environment, with 28% saying they would be willing to reduce the amount they drive significantly or give it up entirely (17% already do not drive).
China is building or planning more than 300 coal plants in places as widely spread as Turkey, Vietnam, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Egypt and the Philippines.
The flow of Chinese financing for new coal-fired power plants throughout Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. GLOBAL COAL FINANCE TRACKER / COALSWARM
China, known as the world's biggest polluter, has been taking dramatic steps to clean up and fight climate change.
So why is it also building hundreds of coal-fired power plants in other countries?
President Xi Jinping hosted the Belt and Road Forum in Beijing over the weekend, promoting his signature foreign policy of building massive infrastructureand trade links across several continents.
The forum, attended by leaders and delegates of nearly 40 countries, came amid growing criticism of China's projects, including their effect on the environment.
Xi took the highly unusual step, for him, of meeting with international journalists, during which he repeated the slogan that he is committed to "open, clean and green development."
Yet China's overseas ventures include hundreds of electric power plants that burn coal, which is a significant emitter of the carbon scientifically linked to climate change.
Edward Cunningham, a specialist on China and its energy markets at Harvard University, tells NPR that China is building or planning more than 300 coal plants in places as widely spread as Turkey, Vietnam, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Egypt and the Philippines.
Days before the forum with its "clean and green" theme, the latest Chinese-built coal plant opened in Pakistan.
The plants are significant investments at a time when most nations of the world, including China, have committed to fighting climate change. "When you put money down and put steel into the ground for a coal-fired power plant," says Cunningham, "it's a 40- or 50-year commitment."
See also GWPF Report:
The Road From Paris: China's Climate U-Turn
At first, I thought this had to be a joke. Then I thought it must be some sort of misinterpretation. Sadly, no.
From the website Afrinik, quoting the book –Scener ur hjärtat by Malena Ernman, Svante Thunberg:
According to her mother Malena Ernman (48), 16-year-old Swedish climate activist Greta Thunberg can see CO2 with the naked eye. She writes that in the book 'Scenes from the heart. Our life for the climate', which she wrote with her family.
Greta was diagnosed as a child with obsessive-compulsive disorder and Asperger's syndrome, just like her younger sister Beata. The activist also has a photographic memory.
She knows all the capitals by heart and can list all the chemical elements of the periodic table within one minute. In addition, she has another gift according to her mother.
"Greta is able to see what other people cannot see," writes Malena Ernman in the book.
"She can see carbon dioxide with the naked eye. She sees how it flows out of chimneys and changes the atmosphere in a landfill."
Of course, with a ~ 410 parts per million concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere, we know that is a physical impossibility.
Britain has a fracking industry–or could have one, anyway, if it weren't for the Greens' political clout. It finally became too much for Natascha Engel, Britain's "fracking czar," who quit with a blistering letter of resignation:
Natascha Engel's decision to walk away from such a high-profile role is driven, she says, by her dismay that Ministers are jeopardising Britain's energy security because they would rather appease noisy green campaigners than listen to scientists' advice.
The result, she says in an exclusive interview, is that government policy is strangling the UK shale gas industry at birth – despite overwhelming scientific evidence that fracking, if properly regulated, is totally safe.
Killing off this industry, says Ms Engel, a former Labour MP, will cause higher, not lower, greenhouse-gas emissions, as we are forced to rely on increased imports of gas.
The United States is the only country to reduce significantly its CO2 emissions; we did it by substitution natural gas for coal in power generation. But Britain's Greens won't let that country develop its considerable natural gas reserves.
Extinction Rebellion (XR), which is demanding zero emissions by 2025 – bringing Central London to almost a standstill for much of the past two weeks with its 'direct action' protests – also campaigns against fracking.
[L]ast night, [Engel] revealed, she submitted an explosive resignation letter to Energy Secretary Greg Clark. It says she is stepping down because 'a perfectly viable industry is being wasted because of a Government policy driven by environmental lobbying rather than science, evidence and a desire to see UK industry flourish'.
The Government, it adds, is 'listening to a small but loud environmental movement that opposes in principle all extraction of fossil fuels. The campaign against fracking has been highly successful in raising the profile – and filling the coffers – of some campaign groups, but they do not represent local residents nor the wider population.'
British Greens suppress natural gas production by limiting earth tremors caused by fracking to 0.5 on the Richter scale, a barely detectable level. No such standard applies to, for example, quarry blasting or construction. Engle explains:
Ms Engel says: 'A 0.5 tremor is much weaker than the rumble you might feel when walking above a Tube train. Yet if a frack unleashes a tremor rated 0.5 [caused when water is pumped underground into the shale to crack it and release the gas it holds] operators have to stop what they're doing for 18 hours… this is making fracking impossible.'
The success of fracking in the US and Canada has led to an economic boom in these countries but also, crucially, lower emissions – because burning gas produces far less CO2 than burning coal, which it has partly replaced. In America and Canada, the limits imposed on the tremors that can legally be caused by fracking are much greater, according to Ms Engel: between 2 and 4.5 on the Richter scale.
Given the Greens' intransigence, how does Britain generate electricity? It simply imports gas that was produced elsewhere, thus increasing CO2 emissions and outsourcing jobs and tax revenues to other countries. It also commits the ultimate environmental folly by burning "biomass," i.e., low-quality trees from the southern U.S. that are shipped to Britain at considerable expense. I wrote about the biomass folly, which is imposed on Britain by environmentalists, here and here. The last link is especially informative if you are interested in the details of the biomass fiasco.
Britain's Greens want to substitute renewable energy sources for the natural gas that can be produced by fracking. But, as Ms. Engel explains, this simply can't be done:
The irony, she says, is that by wrecking the shale gas industry, which the British Geological Survey says has the potential to supply Britain with gas for many decades, the Government is certain to increase emissions.
'If you look at energy use as a whole, including heating and transport, gas accounts for 40 per cent of the total. There is simply no way renewables can fill that gap at the moment. We get less than five per cent of our total energy from wind and only 0.5 per cent from solar.'
Hence, she says, the inevitable consequence of killing the shale gas industry is that the quantity of gas burnt in UK homes, businesses and power stations imported from abroad will soar – and with it, the far bigger carbon footprint caused by the process of making liquified natural gas and transporting it here. Ms Engel says imported gas already costs £7 billion a year.
In order to not save the world from supposedly dangerous anthropogenic global warming (because UK GHG emissions are tiny – and going downwards – in comparison to emissions from China and India, which are huge, and increasing), the UK climate change committee has recommended that householders set their central heating thermostat to 19C. This is 2C below the temperature which most people living in Britain consider to be ideal. It is also 2C below what Age UK recommend for older people in their living rooms, in order to maintain health.
The original idea was that the government insulated people's homes and encouraged the building of new eco-homes so that it became much easier (and cheaper) to efficiently heat our living spaces to a 'comfortable' temperature. It seems that's not good enough anymore. In order to get to zero emissions by 2050 – thereby virtue-signalling our way into decimating our industrial competitiveness, our environment, economy, and the social and physical mobility of large swathes of the populace, whilst doing virtually nothing to change the climate – we must not heat our homes to the perceived optimum temperature for normal, healthy people and have them a full 2 degrees Celsius colder than that which is recommended to maintain the health of elderly and sick people.
Britain's richest man has called the government's attitude to fracking for gas "pathetic", accusing ministers of listening to a vocal minority rather than looking at the science.
Sir Jim Ratcliffe, whose firm Ineos is conducting exploratory fracking tests, said the north of England was sitting on potential huge energy resources.
But restrictions were making it unviable for firms, he told the BBC.
On Monday, the UK's shale gas tsar resigned after just six months.
Natascha Engel, a former Labour MP, said fracking was being throttled by rules preventing mini earthquakes.
Current government rules mean fracking must be suspended every time a 0.5 magnitude tremor is detected. But Ms Engel said the cautious approach to tremors had created a de facto ban on fracking.
Mr Ratcliffe said he agreed with Ms Engel's criticism. "I think the government has been pathetic on the subject, frankly - honestly, I do," Mr Ratcliffe said.
The government was listening to "a very vocal, but a minuscule, minority of people, and I think there's a high degree of ignorance".
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text:
Exposing Torture
Updated on 7 September 2018
Torture. According to Henry Shue, professor of politics and international relations at the University of Oxford in England, "No other practice except slavery is so universally condemned in law and human convention. Yet, unlike slavery…torture is widespread and growing." Why is torture so common? Is it an unavoidable component of human psychology?
Exposing Torture tackles these complex questions, delving into the history of torture around the world, from the flayings, burnings, and other methods of torture in ancient societies to the humiliating forms of psychological and sexual torture of the twenty-first century. But is torture an effective means of controlling human behavior? Can it help root out information about terrorism and prevent loss of human life?
Over the centuries, many people have supported the point of view that it can, while others vehemently disagree. In this book, readers will examine the ethical and moral dilemmas of torture, while learning more about the international efforts to ensure the humanitarian treatment of individuals in a variety of circumstances. Exposing Torture also delves into the system of international courts and tribunals that work to bring known torturers to trial. Readers will hear from victims of torture who not only survived but sought justice and founded organizations to help other victims. After reading this in-depth examination, readers will be able to make a persuasive argument to answer the question: Is torture ever acceptable?
Exposing Torture: Comprehension Questions 1.28 MB PDF
Exposing Torture: Post-Reading Activities 1.26 MB PDF
Exposing Torture: Centuries of Cruelty 1230 Select Format Library Bound Hardcover ($25.99) Multi-user eBook ($38.99)
← E Source
upper grades (8-12) - social studies


text:
Одломци је позоришна представа коју је режирао Владимир Путник и адаптирао Мареј Шизгал.

Премијерно приказивање било је 14. марта 1969. у позоришту ДАДОВ.

Улоге

Галерија

Референце

Позориште Дадов


Image courtesy of Dr. Kathleen Nicoll, Department of Geography, University of Utah.
Laura Murphy, Ph.D., represented Far Western's Geoarchaeology department at the Geological Society of America Conference held in Baltimore, Maryland. Laura co-chaired, along with Justin Holcomb, Ph.D. candidate, a session titled: "Frontiers in Geoarchaeology," combining 14 paper and 12 poster presentations on a variety of new field, laboratory, quantitative, and technological approaches for better understanding the archaeological record. Moreover, the session explored understudied environments, confronted issues of scale, and discussed how geoarchaeologists are building new models and paradigms to address the human and environmental past. Dr. Murphy presented a paper titled: "Toward a quantitative landscape geoarchaeology: Implications for hunter-gatherer land-use intensification and populations." Invited keynote speakers included Dr. Rolfe Mandel, University of Kansas, Dr. Carlos Cordova, Oklahoma State University, and Dr. Kathleen Nicoll, University of Utah.
Tagged Baltimore, Conference, Dr. Carlos Cordova, Dr. Kathleen Nicoll, Dr. Rolfe Mandel, far western, Geoarchaeology, Geological Society of America, Justin Holcomb, Laura Murphy, Maryland, Ph.d.


text:
ArticleBio
Gerald Henderson Jr
Gerald Henderson Jr Biography
Biography by Bartley Published on 24 Jan, 2016 Updated on 24 Jan, 2016
Facts of Gerald Henderson Jr
1987 , December-9
Jerome McKinley Henderson, Jr
"Gerald"
Marie Henderson
Ameriacn
Caldwell, New Jersey
Duke University, Episcopal Academy
First-Team All-ACC award
View more / View Less Facts of Gerald Henderson Jr
Gerald Henderson Jr. is known for his professionalism in the court of basketball. Born on the 9th of December, 1987, he is currently 28 years of age. Gerald was the only kid in the family of a nurse mother who's named was Marie Henderson and a professional basketball player father named Jerome McKinley Gerald Henderson. As a child, he was brought up in Caldwell, New Jersey, United States of America and as he was born in the house of a professional player. As a young man, he studied at the Episcopal Academy in Merion, Pennsylvania. As he was into basketball already, he had also known a few tricks and skills from his father. However, he practiced longer hours in school and also played in many competitive games to improve his game.
Despite his mother's strict thoughts against making him another basketball player in the family, Gerald Jr. had found his interest with the ball in the game and was very good at it. He was not a very bright student, but had good skills when it came to dancing and athletics with all the basics that are needed for the game like speed, power, jump and agility. He started to win medals from an early age, and apart from basketball was also very good golf player as well and has also won his school's championship twice; with high jump in track and also triple jump in field. With these achievements, The Recruiting Services Consensus Index ranked him as the 18th-best high school senior. He was born and raised as a Christian as both his parents followed the same religion.
He is an American by nationality and belongs to white ethnicity. After graduating from high school, he studied at the Duke University in Northern Carolina where he received a scholarship for his basketball career. Although his career started as a sub, watching on from the sidelines, he soon got a chance to start in the starting lineup in his sophomore year. He started to have an average score of 12 points per game, and quickly replaced some older players and was a regular start. After playing for some months only, his average score climbed to 17 points per game which saw him receive the First-Team All-ACC award.
Talking about his private life, it is well known that Gerald is a married man and also a father of three kids. His wife name is Marianne Henderson. His eldest son is named as Gerald Henderson Jr, Jade Henderson and Marie A Henderson. He is living a happy life with his family and there seem to be no problem between the couple. We can know about Gerald Henderson's Salary which is $6 Million per year and his net worth is 12 million US dollars. In 2014, he has signed a contract of $18 Million USD with Charlotte Hornets which will expire in 2016. Having played with the Bobcats for 5 seasons, he has scored about 300 points in just his 211 games which is a great stat. In the 2013/ 14 season, he made about 77 points, which is his personal best in one season. During his career time, he was awarded with various awards. He has been awarded the National Basketball Association (NBA) Champion thrice, and was also enlisted in the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame.
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CIOs tell me they see the potential to create significant business value for their business customers through big data and the so-called 'data lake'. They say data lakes matter because they increase the availability and transparency of data and enable new business users the ability to find answers. In particular, they see value in allowing users to create value without IT.
Interestingly, most CIOs connect in their minds self-service business intelligence to the data lake as a single business requirement. Clearly, effective data lakes are not just about data storage but also about the end user and data scientist self-exploration of the data contained within them.
On the positive front, most CIOs see the establishment of new business intelligence options as broadening the community served by IT. Several CIOs, in fact, feel delivering these options offer the potential to drive better business/IT alignment.
On the negative side, CIOs see big data and data lakes as creating additional business risk. One IT leader put it to me this way: The big challenge is providing necessary information while maintaining appropriate access privacy and confidentiality. Therefore, CIOs say it is essential that data lakes build in appropriate data protections from the start.
How far along are most organizations?
Should organizations wait to make the investment in protecting the data in their data lake? For most, data lakes remain in the laboratory. In fact, Capgemini has found that only 27% of business executives say their big data projects have achieved profitability ("The Big Data Payoff", Capgemini IDG. 2016). Most CIOs tell me their data lakes are still largely in the experimentation phase.
CIOs claim they are still trying to figure out how to do data lakes properly. To some, where they are reminds them of the early days for ERP. CIOs say that it took a while before most got them right. They say there was a lot of failure early on for ERP, and we expect the same thing here.
But while most are figuring out how or what to do, it would be a mistake to wait to protect this data. Business risk exists here even if there isn't strategy around what the data lake is trying to solve or what measures will deliver the answers to the business questions that are the basis of a data lake initiative.
Regardless of whether your data lake is in production or experimentation, it is critical that you go about protecting this data from the start. There is a tendency to say this is in the backroom and no one is going to notice. However, data security needs to happen from the onset. Because unlike ERP, you are loading all your valuable data into one place.
Frankly, CIOs that I have talked to worry about the "putting of all your eggs in one basket" effect. They stress the importance of having data security and privacy in place from the beginning. Data lakes, they believe, will become targets for hackers or improper internal access. This means data protection governance needs to be done sooner rather than later.
At the same time, CIOs suggest a big challenge for data lakes is in providing necessary information while maintaining appropriate access control.
What is needed to do this well? CIOs say that they need to be systematic today. They need to protect data wherever it pools and flows, especially a collection point like a data lake. They believe you need to have the ability to centrally govern data access, as well, and to enforce those policies across every location that data flows, regardless of the nature of the data (structured, semi-structured, unstructured) or how it is stored. This is irrespective of whether it is in a traditional database or a big data file system (HDFS). And this is the case for cloud based BI systems like Amazon RedShift.
Today, regardless of the state of data – at rest, in use or in motion – data needs to be managed systematically rather than in piece parts.
CIOs are clear that data lakes need to be protected at the very beginning; otherwise, unnecessary business risk is being created. As well, they perceive the need for data security to be viewed holistically, and doing this needs to be given an appropriate business and IT priority. Otherwise, enterprises could find themselves hostages of public scrutiny, income and/or business loss from their attempts to create, for example, greater customer intimacy.
As one CIO put it, "a company's reputation is built over years but can be destroyed in minutes. Information security is business critical in digital times". And this, of course, includes the source of digital advantage.
Why are people, processes AND technologies essential to CIO data security success?
How can CIOs protect their reputations as well as that of their brands from data breach?


Learn colors with how to make frozen paint and surprise toys learning video for kids.
Posted in animal fun.	Tagged animal, dinosaurs, learn, names, video.
Posted in forest animals.	Tagged animals, fruits, learn, names, wooden.
[ppfff] ooo! [Smash] I've hurt myself now!
But if you get hurt here's what you do!
They'll fix you up again!
And if you get hurt you know what to do!
53:43 5 Little Ducks On A Bus!
Posted in animal videos.	Tagged animal, learn, names, video, wwwyoutubecom.


The final stage of your loved one's life is not easy for anyone. It can be overwhelming to try to accommodate every single one of their needs during this time, and that can put a lot of stress on you and others involved in their care.
Fidelity HomeCare is prepared to make these trying times as comfortable for you and your loved one as possible, knowing that this time is not an easy one. Our caregivers are trained to handle these sensitive moments and constantly work to make your family member feel comfortable, cared for, and at ease. This option is completely dependent on your needs; we can accommodate many different things and are here to allow your family member to receive the utmost respect and dignity as they make this final transition.
At these end stages, it is often quite difficult for your family member to eat regular foods or drink regular fluids. Our caregivers are trained to adjust and prepare different meal plans to cater to the needs of your loved one.
Although your family member will most likely be unable to participate in regular activities during this time, our caregivers are pleased to involve them in comforting activities that help your loved one's mental and emotional needs: reading, engaging in conversation, reminiscing of past times, looking through family photos, etc.
If hospice services are needed, we can still be of great use to you and your family member. Our caregivers help to make the job of hospice caregivers easier. We are able to focus on aspects that hospice care sometimes does not have time to get to. Amidst medically keeping your family member comfortable, we are able to care for areas of the home, provide personal companionship to your loved one, and keep contact with all family members on a regular basis.
When the moment should come that your family member passes away, we will continue to provide ongoing assistance with tasks that are often difficult to complete in the midst of grief. Our caregivers can notify the appropriate people of your loved one's passing or help you to clean and organize specified items within the home. This area of service can be personalized between you and your loved one's caregiver, before their final transition happen.
At Fidelity HomeCare, it's our goal to provide the highest quality senior care available that looks after your loved one's health needs as well as their wellbeing and happiness. If you are interested in learning more about what care options we have available for your loved one, please give us a call at (425) 999-9105!


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Our Horsham Colorful Graffiti Solid Wood Traditional Black Arm Chair brings the ultimate dichotomy of traditional and cutting-edge together. If you're a fan of street art and bold design, you'll love our Horsham chair.
The most stunning aspect of the chair is the art featured on the back of the chair. It's a rainbow abstract graffiti work, which will allow the imaginations of your guests to run wild. This pattern is featured only on the front of the chair, adding an element of surprise when someone sees the front of it for the first time.
The Horsham chair is made of Mahogany wood and has traditional armchair detailing throughout. The studs around the arms, back, and seat of the chair add a rocker vibe to this already bold piece. The arms are padded, which means your guests will be as comfortable as possible.
Whether you want to add head chairs to your dining room table or want to add a stunning accent to your main living space, the Horsham should be your piece of choice.


text:
ssg/r
Gender and security
Business and Security
International Security Sector Advisory Team
#GPW19: Linking Peace, Justice and Development through Good Governance in the SDGs
This session will focus on the crucial role of independent oversight institutions in delivering peace and security, rule of law and justice, and the good governance ambitions of SDG16. Highlighting the catalytic nature of SDG16 for the wider 2030 agenda, representatives of independent oversight bodies will showcase how their office's work contributes to Sustainable Development Goal 16 and related targets (Agenda 16+).
National Human Rights Institutions, Ombudspersons, and similar bodies play a crucial role in preventing violence and crime, by investigating complaints and rectifying grievances, protecting and promoting human rights while also strengthening the good governance of peace and justice institutions. Panelists will share experiences and lessons learned that illustrate the centrality of accountable and effective national security and justice sectors that operate within a framework of democracy and the rule of law for the 2030 Agenda - and the role oversight bodies play in pursuing that outcome.
• Ambassador Thomas Guerber, Director, DCAF, Geneva
• Mr. Erwin van der Borght, Director of Programs, IDLO, London
• Ms. Ghizaal Haress, Ombudsperson, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, Kabul, Afghanistan (tbc)
• Mr. Roberto Herrera Cacéres, Ombudsperson, Comisionado Nacional de los Derechos Humanos, Tegucigalpa, Honduras (tbc)
• The Hon. Florence Kajuju, Secretary-General, African Ombudsman & Mediators Association (AOMA); Chairperson, Commission on Administrative Justice, Nairobi, Kenya
• Nadia Isler, Director, SDG Lab, Office of the Director-General, United Nations Office Geneva (UNOG), Geneva
Light refreshments will be served from 10:45
Palais des Nations, Hall XIV, Thursday 7 November, from 11:15–12:30, hosted by DCAF (PRDIV) and IDLO
Please register at Eventbrite.
ABOUT GENEVA PEACE WEEK 2019
Peacekeeping occurs in many different contexts and cuts across disciplines and sectors. Geneva Peace Week 2019 breaks down silos by offering more than 70 different events to foster meaningful collaboration and explore creative responses to violence, exclusion, and insecurity. DCAF is co-organizing five events during Geneva Peace Week 2019 with a range of partner organizations drawn from International Geneva.
#GPW19
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Today consumers search products with high quality also for those concerning the wine.
For this reason we have created Cosmowine an area dedicated to the wine sector where you can find 80 companies producing wine from all Italy. A path where you can travel region by region tasting differents type of wines.
If you are a company interesting to expose, please read our exhibition pages.


Join Graffiti artist Karl Porter to experiment and learn the basic technique of spraying. Help to create a mural for display around the Barn. Brand new to the Barn is Take-over Tuesdays, where you can try out a different creative activity each week. Come every week or just to one – the choice is yours. All sessions are £8.00 – book fast because spaces are limited!


Thanks for joining me in the library today. I know some of you are attending the Gideon convention this week and I'll see you there.
There are certain songs we will never forget, even when we have forgotten everything else. I experienced the memory of the elderly in action Sunday afternoon.
A retired pastor and his wife come twice a month to the complex where my mother lives. The couple bring their keyboard and guitar. They use a song book of a dozen old hymns, like The Old Rugged Cross, Onward Christian Soldiers and Amazing Grace.
I like to attend the gospel sing-along for three reasons. One, I love the old songs; two, the older men and ladies bless me as I watch them sing; and I get to sit beside my mother.
Some of the people are not able to follow along on the song sheet, but as soon as they hear the tune, they sing from memory. Some will close their eyes, tap their feet, smile or just hum. One lady in the room reclined in her chair and snored most of the time. Another lady looked totally confused with the page numbers (and didn't want me to help her). She didn't know what number followed a certain number, but she knew the songs.
It is sad to think how many people are effected with dementia. I read that half the elderly people will suffer with it. So between you and me, one of us will have a normal memory in our later years. Isn't that encouraging! Now I'm sorry I mentioned it. Anyone want to go for a healthy walk with me?
Happy Birthday, Aunt Leona !
Welcome to my library and welcome to Autumn!
He made my day! I listened to his singing all week, but never saw him until today. My tea cup was empty and I was talking to the Lord when he landed in front of my library window. He was "up close and personal". He flew off several times, spreading his eye-catching, short white tail feathers as he went vertical. (Just like on Touched by an Angel program) His graceful flight held my attention until he disappeared out of sight. Once he landed on the metal fence post near my nine-foot rose bushes. On the ground, he tried persistently to pick up the end of the fishing line I had tied to the fence posts to discourage the deer from eating my rose buds.
I have five different doves in my bird book, but only one, the morning dove, lives in Oregon. This bird with the black neck collar was NOT in my book. Another piece of exciting news! I learned from the Internet this bird is the Eurasian collared-dove. Now you bird lovers know two different doves live in Oregon.
When Jesus was baptized in the Jordan River by John, the Holy Spirit in the form a gentle dove hovered over Jesus. Picture Jesus soaking wet, hair dripping, clothes clinging. I image the dove sat on his shoulder, then spread his white tail feathers and flew straight up as mine did today.
I love to listen to their sad song "ooahoo oo oo oo". (Try to say that four times fast!) I believe they are sad because they remember their relatives' sacrifice on the altar in Jerusalem centuries ago.
If I knew your birth date, I would send you best wishes. Do you want to share it with me?
Evening and too late for tea, but just in time for pear cobbler and milk!
It took me ten minutes to find the word potpourri in the dictionary. I couldn't even start the word. I knew it was French with silent letters. I almost called Nancy who studied that language. For you today, I made potpourri, a mixture of unrelated literary subjects.
The bull frog I showed you a couple weeks ago made itself right at home in the koi pond. The other day, I actually sat down (not working) to enjoy my garden. The frog sat in one of the iris-filled pond pots and croaked. I counted his croaks – 26 calls! He paused and took only one breath in between. He must have been desperate for attention.
We both enjoy the music Mr. Frog provides in our secluded wing of my library, the pond area. This is Craig's favorite place to read his Louis L'Amour books. Did you know his real last name of LaMoore?
Do you recall old conversations, I mean really old, from when you were a child? My Uncle Jim just came to my mind. He was a school teacher in California in the '50's. My family visited his family every summer when I was in grade school and high school. I remember one particular conversation. He challenged me, "Juanita, why don't you ever say something?" As a kid, I preferred to listen to the adults talk. Now, I smile as I think, if he only knew what he started. Right, Harold?
Today must have been national Squirrel Day. Every squirrel in my yard celebrated—running across the lawn, jumping up and over the fence, tail flipping, chasing each other, almost flying off the neighbor's shed. Aren't the brown tree squirrels supposed to stay in their tree house?
Every day the headlines shout disaster, tragedy, hopelessness; but Jesus declared God gave His son to provide eternal life for all of us. Now that's news worth celebrating!
Happy Birthday, Jean & John !
Thanks for the 66 visits last week!
Good morning! Time for a cup of strong coffee while you read my sad note. I really wasn't going to tell you, but Harold, I had nothing else to say today.
Life is hard sometimes, especially for the birds. They mind their own business sitting on a wire and what does it get them? Upside down – for the last time. This scrub jay experienced a dreadful end. The scene made me sad and I suppose you are now, too.
"I should have kept both feet on the barbed wire!
Why did I grab the electric wire too?"
Is there a lesson learned here? Well, not for the bird. I showed Craig this bird on our neighbor's fence. He said it reminded him of a prank his neighbor boys played on a younger boy about sixty years ago.
The boys were walking down a red cinder road in Central Oregon near a cow pasture with an electric fence. Four of the boys slowly walked over to the fence and held hands. Billy was new to the trick and was caught unaware. As soon as Billy joined hands with them, the first boy grabbed the hot wire and Billy on the end received the jolt. I bet that only happened once to poor Billy.
My dad would have been one hundred years old this week.
Happy Birthday, Nancy B. !
Thanks for checking in with me! I enjoy talking with you.
This morning, a large colorful bouquet of yellow sunflowers (the remains of my last garden party) is visible from my library window. Very few birds to watch, but the young squirrels still entertain me. The signs and smells of autumn in the air have changed my view. The crabgrass in the lawn turned yellow and my roses have fewer blossoms. The busy honey bees completely cover the purple Russian sage.
Last week I showed you a new snowball in midsummer. The one lone flower on the bush has now become friends with nine others. If this wasn't so unusual, I wouldn't mention it. Maybe the Willamette Valley will skip wintertime and move right into spring before we realize what happened.
The Antique Roadshow on TV is not a program I watch, but we thought we possessed a few antiques. So we applied for tickets to the show in Seattle last week. Interesting experience! I will refrain from discussing the adventure of driving on one-way streets in Seattle trying to locate the convention center parking lot. You can use your own imagination of standing in four lines for a total of four hours.
The old treasures we took were a hand-carved goddess Diana cameo rimmed in 14-caret gold, a colorful yellow Japanese bowl, and small flannel sheets designed with Indian warriors which lined old tobacco tins. Our winner was an Amos 'n Andy wind-up toy taxi from 1929 valued at $500-$600.
The best part of the trip north was visiting with Linda, Marlene and a new friend, Gurdi.
Happy Anniversary, Betty & Gary !
Happy Anniversary, Brad & Dawnita !


text:
Energy-Dense Silicon Batteries Get $3M
Startup Amprius has recieved government funding to scale up production of advanced lithium-ion electrodes.
Katherine Bourzacarchive page
The National Institute of Standards and Technology has awarded $3 million in funding to start-up Amprius, which is developing silicon-nanowire battery anodes. The Menlo Park, CA company, spun out of Stanford University, will use the money to develop manufacturing processes. We've covered the Stanford research on silicon battery materials, and in November we wrote about the company's launch. Here's some more on the technology from that story:
Amprius' lithium-ion anodes are made of silicon nanowires, which can store 10 times more charge than graphite, the material used for today's lithium-ion battery anodes. According to the company, electric vehicles that run 200 miles between charges could go 380 miles on its batteries, and laptops that have four hours of run time could last for seven hours between charges.
When lithium-ion batteries are charged, lithium ions move from the cathode to the anode, while electrons flow in through an external electrical circuit; the process is reversed during discharge. Silicon has shown promise as an anode material because it can take up much more lithium than the carbon materials now used. Indeed, the theoretical maximum energy density of silicon is 10 times greater than carbon's. But silicon is fragile and tends to swell and crack after just one charge cycle.
However, battery anodes made from silicon nanowires can be cycled over and over again without damage. This fall, Yi Cui, Amprius founder and assistant professor of materials science and engineering at Stanford, demonstrated nanostructured silicon anodes that meet silicon's theoretical charge storage capacity without breaking. Mats of long, thin nanowires are pliable, which relieves the strain when the battery is charged and discharged. And collections of nanowires have a very high surface area, which means more sites for interacting with lithium.
by Katherine Bourzac


text:
require 'test_helper'

class BcInfoTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase

	test "should send blank icf master id notification if all identifiers are blank" do
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:bc_info_file => "somefile.csv")
		bc_info.process
		mail = ActionMailer::Base.deliveries.detect{|m|
			m.subject.match(/Blank ICF Master ID/) }
		assert mail.to.include?('jakewendt@berkeley.edu')
		assert_match 'contained line with blank icf_master_id', mail.body.encoded
	end

	test "should NOT send blank icf master id notification if icf master id is NOT blank" do
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "I'm not blank!")	#	but doesn't exist
		bc_info.process
		mail = ActionMailer::Base.deliveries.detect{|m|
			m.subject.match(/Blank ICF Master ID/) }
		assert_nil mail
	end

	test "should set icf_master_id to given masterid if icf_master_id blank" do
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:masterid => "0123")
		assert_equal "0123", bc_info.icf_master_id
	end

	test "should NOT set icf_master_id to given masterid if icf_master_id given" do
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "0123", :masterid => "4567")
		assert_equal "0123", bc_info.icf_master_id
	end

	test "should send no matching subject notification if icf master id is not used" do
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDONOTEXIST")
		bc_info.process
		mail = ActionMailer::Base.deliveries.detect{|m|
			m.subject.match(/No Subject with ICF_Master_ID/i) }
		assert mail.to.include?('jakewendt@berkeley.edu')
		assert_match 'contained line with icf_master_id but no subject with icf_master_id',
			mail.body.encoded
	end

	test "should set study_subject if given icf_master_id is used" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		bc_info.process
		assert_not_nil bc_info.study_subject
		assert_equal   bc_info.study_subject, study_subject
	end

	#	string fields are squished and namerized
	{
		:new_mother_first_name  => :mother_first_name,
		:new_mother_first       => :mother_first_name,
		:new_mother_last_name   => :mother_last_name,
		:new_mother_last        => :mother_last_name,
		:new_mother_maiden_name => :mother_maiden_name,
		:new_mother_maiden      => :mother_maiden_name,
		:new_father_first_name  => :father_first_name,
		:new_father_first       => :father_first_name,
		:new_father_last_name   => :father_last_name,
		:new_father_last        => :father_last_name,
		:new_first_name         => :first_name,
		:new_child_first        => :first_name,
		:new_last_name          => :last_name,
		:new_child_last         => :last_name,
		:new_middle_name        => :middle_name,
		:new_child_middle       => :middle_name,
		:birth_city             => :birth_city,
		:other_mother_race      => :other_mother_race,
		:mother_race_other      => :other_mother_race,
		:other_father_race      => :other_father_race,
		:father_race_other      => :other_father_race,
	}.each do |k,v|

		test "should update #{v} with corrected #{k}" do
			study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
				v => "OldValue")
			bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
				k => "  NEWVALUE  ")
			bc_info.process
			assert bc_info.changes.keys.include?(v.to_s),
				"#{bc_info.changes.inspect} does not include '#{v}'"
			assert_equal "Newvalue", study_subject.reload.send(v)
		end

	end

	{
		:birth_state   => :birth_state,
		:birth_country => :birth_country
	}.each do |k,v|

		test "should update #{k} with squished #{v}" do
			study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
				v => "OldValue")
			bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
				k => "  NEWVALUE  ")
			bc_info.process
			assert bc_info.changes.keys.include?(v.to_s),
				"#{bc_info.changes.inspect} does not include '#{v}'"
			assert_equal "NEWVALUE", study_subject.reload.send(v)
		end

	end

	YNRDK.valid_values.each do |ynrdk|
		{
			:mother_hispanicity     => :mother_hispanicity,
			:mother_hispanicity_mex => :mother_hispanicity_mex,
			:father_hispanicity     => :father_hispanicity,
			:father_hispanicity_mex => :father_hispanicity_mex,
			:father_race_code       => :father_race_code,
			:mother_race_code       => :mother_race_code,
			:father_race            => :father_race_code,
			:mother_race            => :mother_race_code
		}.each do |k,v|

			test "should update #{k} with ynrdk #{ynrdk} #{v}" do
				study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
				assert_nil study_subject.send(v)
				bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST", k => ynrdk)
				bc_info.process
				assert bc_info.changes.keys.include?(v.to_s),
					"#{bc_info.changes.inspect} does not include '#{v}'"
				assert_equal ynrdk, study_subject.reload.send(v)
			end

		end
	end

	%w( new_dob_year dob_year new_child_doby child_doby ).each do |attr|

		test "should update birth_year with #{attr}" do
			study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
				:dob => Date.parse('12/31/1999') )

			assert_equal '1999', study_subject.birth_year

			bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST", attr => 2000)
			bc_info.process
			assert bc_info.changes.keys.include?('birth_year'),
				"#{bc_info.changes.inspect} does not include 'birth_year'"
			assert_equal '2000', study_subject.reload.birth_year
		end

	end

	{
		:biomom        => :mom_is_biomom,
		:mom_is_biomom => :mom_is_biomom,
		:biodad        => :dad_is_biodad,
		:dad_is_biodad => :dad_is_biodad
	}.each do |k,v|

		test "should update #{k} with #{v}" do
			study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
			bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST", k => 1)
			bc_info.process
			assert bc_info.changes.keys.include?(v.to_s),
				"#{bc_info.changes.inspect} does not include '#{v}'"
			assert_equal '1', study_subject.reload.send(v).to_s
		end

	end

	%w( new_sex new_child_gender ).each do |attr|

		test "should update sex with #{attr}" do
			study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST", :sex => 'DK')

			bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST", attr => 'M')
			bc_info.process
			assert bc_info.changes.keys.include?('sex'),
				"#{bc_info.changes.inspect} does not include 'sex'"
			assert_equal 'M', study_subject.reload.sex
		end

	end

	%w( new_dob new_child_dobfull ).each do |attr|

		test "should update dob with #{attr}" do
			study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
				:dob => Date.parse('Dec 31, 1999'))

			assert_equal '1999', study_subject.birth_year

			bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
				attr => 'Dec 31, 1998')
			bc_info.process
			assert bc_info.changes.keys.include?('dob'),
				"#{bc_info.changes.inspect} does not include 'dob'"
			assert_equal Date.parse('Dec 31, 1998'), study_subject.reload.dob
		end

	end

	test "should set create dob from new_child_dob components if they're not blank" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			:new_child_doby => '2000',
			:new_child_dobm => '12',
			:new_child_dobd => '31')
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal Date.parse('12/31/2000'), study_subject.reload.dob
	end

	test "should set create dob from child_dob components if they are not blank" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			:child_doby => '2000',
			:child_dobm => '12',
			:child_dobd => '31')
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal Date.parse('12/31/2000'), study_subject.reload.dob
	end

	%w( father_hispanicity mother_hispanicity
			father_hispanicity_mex mother_hispanicity_mex
			father_race_code mother_race_code
	).each do |attr|

		test "should convert coded value of 0 to 888 for #{attr}" do
			study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
			assert_nil study_subject.send(attr)
			bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
				attr => '0')
			bc_info.process
			assert bc_info.changes.keys.include?(attr),
				"#{bc_info.changes.inspect} does not include '#{attr}'"
			assert_equal '888', study_subject.reload.send(attr).to_s
		end

		test "should convert coded value of 9 to 999 for #{attr}" do
			study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
			assert_nil study_subject.send(attr)
			bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
				attr => '9')
			bc_info.process
			assert bc_info.changes.keys.include?(attr),
				"#{bc_info.changes.inspect} does not include '#{attr}'"
			assert_equal '999', study_subject.reload.send(attr).to_s
		end

	end

	test "should set hispanicity to 999 if parent's not given" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		assert_nil study_subject.hispanicity
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal '999', study_subject.reload.hispanicity.to_s
	end

	test "should set hispanicity to 999 if parent's do not match and neither are 1" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		assert_nil study_subject.hispanicity
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			:father_hispanicity => 2,
			:mother_hispanicity => 999)
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal '999', study_subject.reload.hispanicity.to_s
	end

	test "should set hispanicity to parent's if match and neither are 1" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		assert_nil study_subject.hispanicity
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			:father_hispanicity => 2,
			:mother_hispanicity => 2)
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal '2', study_subject.reload.hispanicity.to_s
	end

	test "should set hispanicity to 1 if father's is 1" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		assert_nil study_subject.hispanicity
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			:father_hispanicity => 1)
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal '1', study_subject.reload.hispanicity.to_s
	end

	test "should set hispanicity to 1 if mother's is 1" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		assert_nil study_subject.hispanicity
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			:mother_hispanicity => 1)
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal '1', study_subject.reload.hispanicity.to_s
	end

	test "should set hispanicity_mex to 999 if parent's not given" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		assert_nil study_subject.hispanicity_mex
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal '999', study_subject.reload.hispanicity_mex.to_s
	end

	test "should set hispanicity_mex to 999 if parent's do not match and neither are 1" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		assert_nil study_subject.hispanicity_mex
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			:father_hispanicity => 2,
			:mother_hispanicity => 999)
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal '999', study_subject.reload.hispanicity_mex.to_s
	end

	test "should set hispanicity_mex to parent's if match and neither are 1" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		assert_nil study_subject.hispanicity_mex
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			:father_hispanicity_mex => 2,
			:mother_hispanicity_mex => 2)
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal '2', study_subject.reload.hispanicity_mex.to_s
	end

	test "should set hispanicity_mex to 1 if father's is 1" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		assert_nil study_subject.hispanicity_mex
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			:father_hispanicity_mex => 1)
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal '1', study_subject.reload.hispanicity_mex.to_s
	end

	test "should set hispanicity_mex to 1 if mother's is 1" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		assert_nil study_subject.hispanicity_mex
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			:mother_hispanicity_mex => 1)
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal '1', study_subject.reload.hispanicity_mex.to_s
	end

	test "should not update attribute if new data is blank" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			:middle_name => "Allen")
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			:new_middle_name => '   ')
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal 'Allen', study_subject.reload.middle_name
	end

	test "should create datachanged operational event if data changed" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		assert study_subject.operational_events.where(
			:operational_event_type_id => OperationalEventType['datachanged'].id).empty?
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			:new_middle_name => "TRIGGERCHANGE")
		bc_info.process
		assert bc_info.changes.keys.include?('middle_name'),
			"#{bc_info.changes.inspect} does not include 'middle_name'"
		dcoes = study_subject.operational_events.where(
			:operational_event_type_id => OperationalEventType['datachanged'].id)
		assert !dcoes.empty?
	end

	test "should NOT create datachanged operational event if data NOT changed" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			:hispanicity => '999', :hispanicity_mex => '999')
		assert study_subject.operational_events.where(
			:operational_event_type_id => OperationalEventType['datachanged'].id).empty?
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		bc_info.process
		assert bc_info.changes.empty?	#	no changes
		dcoes = study_subject.reload.operational_events.where(
			:operational_event_type_id => OperationalEventType['datachanged'].id)
		assert dcoes.empty?
	end

	test "should create screener_complete operational event if data changed" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		assert study_subject.operational_events.where(
			:operational_event_type_id => OperationalEventType['screener_complete'].id).empty?
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			:new_middle_name => "TRIGGERCHANGE")
		bc_info.process
		assert bc_info.changes.keys.include?('middle_name'),
			"#{bc_info.changes.inspect} does not include 'middle_name'"
		assert !study_subject.operational_events.where(
			:operational_event_type_id => OperationalEventType['screener_complete'].id).empty?
	end

	test "should create screener_complete operational event if data NOT changed" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			:hispanicity => '999', :hispanicity_mex => '999')
		assert study_subject.operational_events.where(
			:operational_event_type_id => OperationalEventType['screener_complete'].id).empty?
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		bc_info.process
		assert bc_info.changes.empty?	#	NO changes
		assert !study_subject.reload.operational_events.where(
			:operational_event_type_id => OperationalEventType['screener_complete'].id).empty?
	end

	test "should send save failed notification if subject changed and save failed" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			:new_middle_name => 'TRIGGERCHANGE')
		StudySubject.any_instance.stubs(:create_or_update).returns(false)
		bc_info.process

		#	detect only returns the first
		mail = ActionMailer::Base.deliveries.detect{|m|
			m.subject.match(/Subject save failed\?/) }
		assert mail.to.include?('jakewendt@berkeley.edu')
	end

	%w( hispanicity hispanicity_mex ).each do |attr|

		#	NO "NEW_" PREFIX HERE!!!!
		test "should update mother's #{attr} with subject's mother_#{attr}" do
			study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
			study_subject.create_mother
			bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
				"mother_#{attr}" => "1")
			bc_info.process
			assert_equal "1", study_subject.mother.send(attr).to_s
		end

	end

	%w( first_name last_name maiden_name ).each do |attr|

		test "should update mother's #{attr} with subject's new_mother_#{attr}" do
			study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
			study_subject.create_mother
			bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
				"new_mother_#{attr}" => "MOMSNAME")
			bc_info.process
			assert_equal "Momsname", study_subject.mother.send(attr)
		end

	end

	test "should create datachanged operational event for mother" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		mother = study_subject.create_mother
		assert mother.operational_events.where(
			:operational_event_type_id => OperationalEventType['datachanged'].id).empty?
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			"new_mother_first_name" => "MOMSNAME")
		bc_info.process
		assert bc_info.mother_changes.keys.include?('first_name'),
			"#{bc_info.changes.inspect} does not include 'first_name'"
		assert !mother.operational_events.where(
			:operational_event_type_id => OperationalEventType['datachanged'].id).empty?
#	TODO regardless of whether changed??  really?
	end

	test "should send no race code notification if mother race code invalid" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		mother = study_subject.create_mother
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			"mother_race_code" => "123456789")
		bc_info.process
		mail = ActionMailer::Base.deliveries.detect{|m|
			m.subject.match(/Invalid mother_race_code/) }
		assert mail.to.include?('jakewendt@berkeley.edu')
		assert_match 'No race found with code', mail.body.encoded
	end

	test "should create mother other race if is other and doesn't exist" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		mother = study_subject.create_mother
		assert mother.races.empty?
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			"mother_race_code" => Race[:other].code,
			'other_mother_race' => 'martian' )
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal [Race[:other]],mother.reload.races
		assert_equal 'Martian', mother.subject_races.first.other_race
	end

	test "should create mother other race if is mixed and does not exist" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		mother = study_subject.create_mother
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			"mother_race_code" => Race[:mixed].code,
			'other_mother_race' => 'martian' )
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal [Race[:mixed]],mother.reload.races
		assert_equal 'Martian', mother.subject_races.first.other_race
	end

	test "should create mother other race if is other  does not exist and is unspecified" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		mother = study_subject.create_mother
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			"mother_race_code" => Race[:other].code )
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal [Race[:other]],mother.reload.races
		assert_equal 'UNSPECIFIED IN BC_INFO', mother.subject_races.first.other_race
	end

	test "should create mother other race if is mixed, doesn't exist and is unspecified" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		mother = study_subject.create_mother
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			"mother_race_code" => Race[:mixed].code )
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal [Race[:mixed]],mother.reload.races
		assert_equal 'UNSPECIFIED IN BC_INFO', mother.subject_races.first.other_race
	end

	test "should append mother other race if is other and exists" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		mother = study_subject.create_mother
		mother.subject_races.create(:race_code => Race[:other].code,
			:other_race => "martian")
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			"mother_race_code" => Race[:other].code,
			'other_mother_race' => 'venusian' )
		bc_info.process
		#	20130723 - for some reason, I must now reload
		assert_equal 'martian, Venusian', mother.subject_races.first.reload.other_race
	end

	test "should append mother other race if is mixed and exists" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		mother = study_subject.create_mother
		mother.subject_races.create(:race_code => Race[:mixed].code,
			:other_race => "martian")
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			"mother_race_code" => Race[:mixed].code,
			'other_mother_race' => 'venusian' )
		bc_info.process
		#	20130723 - for some reason, I must now reload
		assert_equal 'martian, Venusian', mother.subject_races.first.reload.other_race
	end

	test "should NOT append mother other race if is other and exists and includes" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		mother = study_subject.create_mother
		mother.subject_races.create(:race_code => Race[:other].code,
			:other_race => "martian")
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			"mother_race_code" => Race[:other].code,
			'other_mother_race' => 'martian' )
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal 'martian', mother.subject_races.first.other_race
	end

	test "should NOT append mother other race if is mixed and exists and includes" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		mother = study_subject.create_mother
		mother.subject_races.create(:race_code => Race[:mixed].code,
			:other_race => "martian")
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST",
			"mother_race_code" => Race[:mixed].code,
			'other_mother_race' => 'martian' )
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal 'martian', mother.subject_races.first.other_race
	end

	test "should create mother race if don't have it" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		mother = study_subject.create_mother
		assert mother.races.empty?
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST", "mother_race" => 1 )
		bc_info.process
		assert !mother.reload.races.empty?
	end

	test "should NOT create mother race if already have it" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		mother = study_subject.create_mother
		assert mother.races.empty?
		mother.races << Race.where(:code => 1).first
		assert_equal 1, mother.reload.races.length
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST", "mother_race" => 1 )
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal 1, mother.reload.races.length
	end

	test "should create waitlist bc_request" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		assert study_subject.bc_requests.empty?
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		bc_info.process
		assert !study_subject.bc_requests.where(:status => 'waitlist').empty?
	end

	test "should NOT create waitlist bc_request if incomplete bc_request exists" do
		study_subject = FactoryBot.create(:study_subject, :icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		study_subject.bc_requests.create(:status => 'pending')
		assert_equal 1, study_subject.bc_requests.length
		bc_info = BcInfo.new(:icf_master_id => "IDOEXIST")
		bc_info.process
		assert_equal 1, study_subject.bc_requests.length
		assert study_subject.bc_requests.where(:status => 'waitlist').empty?
	end

end
__END__

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub