America's food system has been industrialized from seed to table. This paper will examine the tendency of industrial agriculture to reduce and then commodify the variability of natural systems and thereby to fail to realize their inherent efficacy and efficiency.
On the one hand American agriculture can be seen as a huge success: the number of Americans required to till our fields has dropped from more than 60% to less than 2%, and only six percent of the farmers produce 56% of the crops; corn yields increased 333% over sixty years, to a point where agricultural products make up 10% of all exports. Whole industries have arisen to supply materiel to the farmer: in 1992 for example, 1.1 billion pounds of pesticidal chemicals (worth a solid eight billion dollars to GNP) and over four billion pounds of fertilizer (and this is only the active ingredient weights).
But there have been costs, too: falling water tables on a continental scale; chemical contamination of drinking water; eutrophication of lakes and streams; damaging outflows of both topsoil and nutrients into coastal estuaries. And these are just the environmental costs; there are social and economic costs as well, related to the eventual cleanup of pollution, the high energy input of modern, conventional agriculture, and the urban and suburbanization that result from the migration of farm populations into other employment sectors.
This view of agriculture as a system of inputs and outputs has led, according to critics like Richard Lewontin of Harvard, to a situation where farmers are receiving a steadily declining portion of the 18% of the United States economy that flows from their farms and fields. Other factors are mechanization and the resultant plant and animal monocultures. Monoculture, at its current level, means growing literally thousands of contiguous acres of the same plant, which is an incredible biological incentive to the explosion of pest and disease populations. Both of these incentivize an increase in farm size, and a decrease in the number of crop varieties grown within the monoculture itself.
We could say this process began with the Moravian monk, Gregor Mendel, who did a series of experiments in the mid to late 1800's in which he hand crossed pea plants from his garden, because with Mendel the application of the scientific method to plant breeding began.
Peas were an excellent choice because they are normally self pollinating, and so genetically stable unless you intervene. Mendel took plants that had white flowers and crossed them with plants that had violet flowers, then kept elaborate records of the flower color of the resulting offspring (called progeny in the world of plant breeding). He also kept track of the seed type, as he began with some that had smooth gray seeds and some with wrinkled green seeds. From his records, Mendel was able to develop a set of theoretical rules, or laws, that eventually (after a forty year hiatus in which his work was forgotten) became the basis of modern genetics.
But, by focusing on just a few traits of his peas, Mendel by definition ignored the holistic reality of the plants. They differed in more ways than just their flower color, or their seed shape and color; but in both plant breeding, and in "big-S" Science, if you look at too many things, then you can't draw conclusions about anything. What is left out of that syllogism, in too many discussions, though, is the complementary conclusion: that if you leave out too many things (in any analysis) then your conclusions are limited; and they are limited exactly to the extent that you have excluded the natural diversity of that which you study.
That Mendel concentrated primarily on two sets of characteristics, and drew his conclusions based solely on them, does not affect the cogency of his theories, but – and here is the problem – it does mean that those theories, and the so-called laws built upon his insights (born of examination of those purposely limited sets of data) – the color and form of flowers and seeds – should not be taken to have meaning beyond the kind of data upon which they were based.
Once new strains of Bt were discovered that controlled potato beetle and even mosquito larvae, it became an important pest control within both organic and conventional farm systems. By 1995, 67 different Bt preparations accounted for $97 million in sales worldwide, and about 80-90% of all biopesticide use. In fact, a 1998 survey of organic farmers found that more than 50% of respondents used Bt, making it the number one pest control product used by organic farmers.
In the past 10-15 years, researchers for multinational agricultural chemical companies (tagged "Big MACCs" by one tongue in cheek trade journalist) such as Monsanto, Agrevo and Novartis have found a way to insert a gene they isolated from the Bt bacterium (and then patented) into crops like corn, cotton and potatoes so that the plant tissues themselves will express a toxin apparently the same as that produced by the Bt organism.
This makes every bite a pest takes poisonous, but it also means that resistance to the Bt toxin, previously rare, is likely to develop quickly, for the genes implanted in the crop contain only about 65% of the material in the natural bacterial gene, enough to trigger resistance, but not enough to be effective as the natural form – very much like a vaccine, in a way we will consider shortly.
The Bt in transgenic crops differs from the Bt previously used by farmers in another way as well. While the Bt bacterium produces a precursor form of the toxin (what scientists call a "protoxin") that is only activated by the digestive enzymes of the pest's gut, the toxin engineered into transgenic crops is an "endotoxin" that has bypassed several stages in the creation of the toxin itself. Numerous laboratory studies have found that the active toxin in corn pollen is toxic to both Monarch butterfly larvae, and more important, to various pest predators – called "beneficial" insects – including green lacewings.
…remains active in the soil, where it binds rapidly and tightly to clays and humic acids. The bound toxin retains its insecticidal properties and is protected against microbial degradation by being bound to soil particles, persisting in various soils for at least 234 days (the longest time studied), as determined by larvacidal assay.
The scope of this problem is enormous when you consider the realities of soil ecology. A single gram of agricultural soil contains up to 1 million bacteria, 50 meters of fungal hyphae, 100,000 protozoae, several thousand micro-insects and 500 nematodes. An acre of soil six inches deep contains up to half a ton of living creatures, and these organisms are the engines of soil fertility. The ecological balance among them is fundamentally important to the stability of plant, and therefore, agricultural processes.
In addition, it is important to note that when Bacillus thuringiensis itself was used to control pests, it was applied as a spray to the crop, and any bacteria not consumed by pests either died, or were washed back into the soil by irrigation or rain water. Pest larvae which did not actually encounter the bacteria – and this was a significant percentage in all but the most extreme instances – were never exposed to the toxin, and, as resistance to it is a recessive genetic trait, the overall pest population was not as likely to become resistant to Bt.
But in order to earn back to enormous investment the Big MACCs have made in the technology to implant Bt gene into their crops and deliver it to farmers in yield competitive crops – estimates range anywhere from $100 million to $10 billion depending on who is doing the counting -- they need to cover the landscape with millions of acres of patented Bt enabled crops (up to 90% of planted acreage of corn, cotton and potatoes), and this enormous pressure on the pest species has been calculated by some researchers to virtually assure resistance within as few as 3-5 years.
In its essence, conventional economics is a flat-earth paradigm. The only way that it can make sense of the phenomena it studies is by drawing a box around them – the mystical "transactions" between free agents, or rational maximizers, or whatever – and everything outside the box is basically ignored; it is an "externality." Like the ignored elements of Mendel's peas, these aspects of our messy, fecund reality get in the way of reductionist clarity.
That is why the price of a head of iceberg lettuce or a cardboard tomato from California at the supermarket is lower than its locally grown, organic version: conventional economics externalizes (read: ignores) the rail subsidies, the 1902 water bill, the interstate highway system, the desalinization and toxic waste cleanup costs – all the extra expenses that are hidden in our taxes instead of included in the price on that card at the supermarket –that ought, from a more balanced perspective, be included in our "transaction" with the grocer.
But that stuff is all over the edge of the flat earth, outside the box, and as we all know from the maps of old Europe: "there be monsters." I think it's about time we bring the monsters out into the open, give those economists a whip and a chair and see if they can make it in the real world, instead of in their little Flatland that they've dreamed up and elaborated on to such a degree that it all seems so cogent and predictable. Otherwise we will be making Medieval decisions in a post modern world, which is a recipe for continuing disaster.
Each resistance gene in the host corresponds to a tumbler in a lock. And each parasitism gene in the parasite corresponds to a notch in a key. An individual plant host may have several of these resistance genes, these tumblers, which collectively constitute a biochemical lock. And an individual parasite may have several of these parasitism genes, these notches, which collectively constitute a biochemical key.
The human body, on a molecular level, operates by a similar method, with each human having particularly conformed locks, and each molecular substance taken into the body presenting itself to these locks. If it has the right molecular conformation, then whatever cellular process was underway continues; if not, then the process halts – the substance has no effect.
It is common knowledge that any person who catches a cold develops an antibody to that strain of the cold virus. […] Unfortunately, there are many strains of the cold virus, and we are often infected by a strain for which we have no antibody. This is why we keep catching new colds, although we tend to get fewer colds as we grow older, and accumulate more and more antibodies. Roughly speaking, each resistance gene in the plant host corresponds to an antibody, and each parasitism gene in the parasite corresponds to an antigen.
It has long been assumed that people with a high proportion of fruits and vegetables in their diet are less likely to develop certain diseases due to the presence of substances called anti-oxidants, and an epidemiological study reported ten years ago in the New York Times seemed to show, specifically, that beta-carotene in winter squash and carrots (as well as some other vegetables) could help prevent cancer and heart disease. That was really exciting, so a group of scientists decided to test the idea more thoroughly. According to the report, they administered a synthesized beta-carotene supplement to a group of subjects, but in the end they were forced to conclude that it had no statistical effect on their health. That is, it had lost its apparent efficacy.
This should not be too surprising, though. What is actually in the vegetables is not just beta-carotene, but actually a range of nearly 600 beta-carotenoids, of which about 50 are known to be biologically active in humans. Now if you take five hundred people and give them a range of six hundred carotenoids, you are going to see a different effect than if you take one of those carotenoids, mass produce it and feed it to those same five hundred people, only some of whom are likely to respond to that particular one – to have the matching biochemical locks. A single, synthetic substance, while easier to study – and, I might add, to manufacture and distribute profitably – does not have the inherent variability and adaptability of the natural substance.
Mass production and distribution require commodification – the reduction of diversity to a reproducible, consistent "product" across time and space. Thus the "industrial paradigm" of modern production. agriculture.
The ultimate commodified foods are Budweisers and Big Macs; you can go anywhere and count on them being the same, today, tomorrow, a year from now, whether in Moscow, Marrakech, or Middlebury, Vermont. And along the way our health has been affected by this simplifying commodification.
Americans arguably have one of the highest standards of living in the world: pathogen free drinking water, due largely to treatment and safe sewage disposal; abundant food year round at the lowest percentage cost in the world, only 11% of income on average; and among the well-off there is little incidence of malnutrition or infectious epidemic disease. But there are costs associated with these benefits: we now have high rates of obesity, heart disease and cancer. In fact, I am, statistically, three times as likely to develop cancer as my grandfather, who was born only fifty years earlier.
1. USDA data cited in "The Costs and Benefits of Industrial Agriculture," at http://www.ucsusa.org/food/ind.ag.costs.html, accessed 2/19/01.
2. "Industrial Agriculture: Features and Policy," accessed 2/19/01 at http://www.ucsusa.org/food/ind.ag.html.
3. Lewontin, Richard, verbal remarks noted during panel discussion "Evolution of the Biotechnology Industry", International Conference on Biotechnology in the Global Economy, Harvard University, September 2-3, 1999.
5. Holdrege, Craig, "The Tyranny of the Gene", NETFUTURE #80, 11/24/98, http://www.oreilly.com/people/staff/stevet/netfuture/1998/Nov2498_80.html#3 accessed on 2/19/01.
6. Baum, J.A., et. al., "Bacillus thuringiensis: Natural and recombinant bioinsecticide products," in Biopesticides: Use and Delivery, Hall, F.R., & Menn, J.J., eds., Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, 189-210.
7. Kumar, et. al., "The Insecticidal Proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis," Advances in Applied Microbiology 42, 1-43, 1997.
8. Bernhard, K., and Utz, R., "Production of Bacillus thuringiensis Insecticides for Experimental and Commercial Uses," in Entwistle, et. al., eds., Bacillus thuringiensis, An Environmental Biopesticide: Theory and Practice, 1993, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK.
9. Walz, E., "Final Results of the Third Biennial National Organic Farmers' survey," Organic Farming Research Foundation, Santa Cruz, CA, 1999.
10. Tappeser, B., "The differences between conventional Bacillus thuringiensis strains and transgenic insect resistant plants," Institute for Applied Ecology, Freiburg, Germany, page 4, accessed at http://www.biotech-info.net/Bt_differences.pdf on February 19, 2001.
11. Ibid., pages 4-5. The stages which are bypassed in the use of transgenic Bt involve the breaking down of the toxin into smaller sized protein, which then pass into receptors in the gut wall of the pest. Since in the natural sequence this process happens in the pest's gut, only the pest is exposed. When the smaller molecules are present in the environment generally, the possibility that they may poison non-target organisms is increased.
12. Losey, J.E., Raynor, L.S., & Carter, M.E. Nature 399, 214 (1999). This preliminary article ignited a firestorm of criticism from industry scientists. "Scientific Symposium to Show No Harm to Monarch Butterfly," touted a press release prepared by the Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO) even before the symposium of "independent scientists" convened in Chicago on November 2, 1999. Accessed February 19, 2001 at http://www.bio.org/news/press_releases.html .
13. Hillbeck, A., Baumgartner, M., Fried, P.M. & Bigler, F. Environmental Entomology 27, 480-487 (1998).
14. Saxena, D., Flores, S. & Stotzky, G. Nature 402, 480 (1999) contains footnotes to individual assertions in this passage, from earlier work by Stotzky and other collaborators.
15. Suurkula, J., "Genetically Engineered Crops and Soil Fertility," Physicians and Scientists for Responsible Application of Science and Technology, accessed on February 19, 2001 at http://www.psrast.org/soilfertfact.htm .
17. Charles Benbrook, former Executive Director of the Board on Agriculture for the US National Academy of Sciences, cited in "GE crops with Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) genes suspected to harm soil ecology," Physicians and Scientists for Responsible Application of Science and Technology, accessed on February 19, 2001 at http://www.psrast.org/btsoilecol.htm .
18. For a good discussion of resistance issues, see Neppl, C., "Management of Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins," May, 26,2000, accessed on February 19, 2001 at http://camillapede.tripod.com/bapaper.html .
19. Freiberg, Bill. (1998). Will biotechnology bring prosperity to rural America? AgBioForum, 1(2), 76-77. Retrieved February 19, 2001 from the World Wide Web at http://www.agbioforum.missouri.edu.
20. The cost of transgenic research plus the cost of acquiring companies with genetics resources and/or distribution networks, e.g., Monsanto's acquisition of DeKalb genetics and attempted acquisition of Delta & Pine Land. For a discussion of the relative importance of genetic technology versus genetic resources, see Kalaitzandonakes, N., "Biotechnology and Agrifood Industry Competitiveness," in Competition in Agriculture: The United States in the World Market, Hayworth Press, Binghamtom, NY, 2000.
21. For an in depth treatment of these issues, see Renner, R., "Will Bt-Based Pest Resistance Management Plans Work?," Environmental Science and Technology, 33:19, 410-415, October 11, 1999, accessed on the Internet 2/19/01 at http://pubs.acs.org/hotartcl/est/99/oct/ren.html .
22. Union of Concerned Scientists, The Gene Exchange, April 1999, available in print, or on line at http://www.ucsusa.org/Gene/apr99.standards.html (accessed 2/19/01). The percentage of cropland planted to non Bt crops varies all the way from a low (EPA) recommendation of 4% to a high of 80% derived recommended based on data from the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI). Of course, at 80% one is forced to wonder what the point of planting the Bt crop is in the first place.
23. Kaesuk-Yoon, C., "E.P.A. Announces New Rules on Genetically Engineered Corn," New York Times, A-14, 1/17/00, or at http://www.epa.gov .
24. Kirschenmann, F., President, Farm Verified Organic, Medina, ND, in "NBIAP News Report, Special Issue on Bt," Information Systems for Biotechnology, December 1995. Internet copy at: http://www.nbiap.vt.edu/news/specials/news95.dec.html .
25. Robinson, Raoul A., Return to Resistance: Breeding Crops to Reduce Pesticide Dependence, Ag Access, Davis, CA, 1996, page 21.
27. D. Webb, "Eating Well," New York Times, November 28, 1990.
29. Ibid. The CARET and ATBC trials found 28 and 18 percent more lung cancers, respectively, than among the portion of the groups given a placebo instead of the beta carotene supplement.
30. Ibid. Hennekens was principal investigator for the Physicians Health Study.
31. Journal of the American Medical Association, as reported in the Washington Post, February 1994.
32. Dr. Ross Welch, USDA Plant Nutritionist at Cornell University, private conversation.
Note to readers: this paper was originally prepared for a regional meeting of the Association for the Study of Literature and the Environment entitled "Food and Farming in American Life and Letters" held in Unity, Maine during June 2000. The length was strictly limited, and the audience consisted of "eco-critics". Thus the subject matter and approach were focused on their likely interests and knowledge base. Also please note that any hyperlinks above are more than eight years old. Thank you.


Black Swamp is expanding it's repurposed wood jewelry line and adding a men's accessories collection. Help us prepare for the holidays!
55 backers pledged $3,058 to help bring this project to life.
Black Swamp is happily preparing for a busy holiday season and are especially looking forward to launching a new line of mens accessories as well as attending several holiday craft shows. This Kickstarter's aim is to provide funding for necessary materials, show fees and travel expenses, as well as digital, branding and packaging updates to accommodate the new mens accessories collection.
Pyramid Earrings on gold plated brass in Zebrawood.
Each piece is handcrafted by myself in the shop I share with my husband and our handmade furniture business, Joseph Thompson Woodworks. We're located in the swamps just outside of Charleston, SC. I reuse the offcuts and scraps from our furniture designs to create my jewelry, making the most of the beautiful natural materials we are so honored to work with.
Drop Necklace in Lacewood and antiqued brass chain.
Each Black Swamp piece is hand finished using a natural oil finish or a glossier UV and Water resistant finish.
Tier Earrings on gold plated brass with antiqued brass chains.
As a reward for your contributions to this campaign I am offering a special pre-launch price on select new cuff link and tie bar designs from the men's collection. I will also be offering an array of other unisex and women's designs chosen especially for the Kickstarter campaign as potential rewards.
My partner Joseph Thompson and I are also offering custom woodworking classes as a potential reward. Come spend 8 hours with us in our shop and receive your own custom one on one class with a delicious local lunch included.
You can also hire us for a quick hour long consult - choose one of the "Pick Our Brains!" rewards to get help with your latest project.
I am currently working on the first of the new cufflinks and tie bars. Photos to be added soon, please stay tuned! I will also be happy to add more designs and increase quantities if the campaign reaches it's goal. Please note that I cannot guarantee these rewards will arrive in time for the Christmas holidays. remember that the sooner this campaign is funded the sooner I can get to work!
If you have any questions regards styles or sizing, just ask! I'm happy to help find the perfect piece for you.
Read more about my line in CHARLIE, Design Feast, and the Charleston City Paper.
Thank you so much for your support of this campaign and my work!
The biggest potential risk that could be faced with a completed project is long production or possibly delivery delays that may occur if this Kickstarter campaign is overwhelmingly successful, especially if it's well beyond my original fundraising goal. There are ways for me to avoid those issues by managing the amount of rewards available. There is very little potential for loss for the customer, as all items will be made and shipped as quickly as possible and as the maker I can guarantee that.
A big thanks from Black Swamp and some good karma!
A deerskin leather and antiqued brass friendship bracelet. Wear or share with a friend!
A pair of matching deerskin leather and antiqued brass friendship bracelets. Wear and share with a friend!
One pair of the NEW men's circle cufflinks. Available in silver or gold plated. Woods available include Mahogany, Black Walnut, Espresso Stained Walnut, Zebra Wood, Lacewood, Maple, Cherry or Pear.
One of the NEW Men's tie bars. Nickel finish with woods available in Mahogany, Black Walnut, Espresso Stained Walnut, Zebra Wood or Lacewood.
One pair of Pyramid Earrings. Available in gold plated brass, copper, gunmetal or silver. Available woods include Cypress, Black Walnut, Dogwood, Zebrawood, Lacewood, Pear, Maple and Cherry.
One pair of Deco earrings. Available in gold plated brass, copper or gunmetal. Available woods include Cypress, Black Walnut, Cherry, Mahogany, Lacewood, Zebrawood, Pear, Dogwood or Maple.
One geometric necklace. Choose from our bar, right triangle, rhombus or geo shapes on 20" l antiqued brass chain. Available woods include Black Walnut, Cypress, Maple, Pear, Mahogany, Lacewood, Zebrawood, Dogwood, Maple, and Cherry.
One drop style necklace on 20" antiqued brass chain. Available woods include Black Walnut, African Wenge, Lacewood, Maple, Dogwood, Pear, Mahogany, Zebrawood and Cherry.
One pair of Tier Earrings. Available in gold plated brass, copper or gunmetal.
Mystery Pack! You'll receive a minimum of two pieces - maker's choice!
One handcrafted spiral cuff. Available in Wide or Thin styles. Available woods include Black Walnut, Espresso stained Walnut, Cypress, Dogwood and Cherry.
V Bend necklace. This pieces features a steam bent Black Walnut v-bent pendant on 20" antiqued brass chain or deerskin leather.
One crossbow necklace in steam bent Black Walnut or Cypress. Available on 25" antiqued brass chain or deerskin leather.
Mystery Pack! You'll receive a minimum of three pieces - maker's choice!
Pick our brains! Receive a one hour consult from myself and Joseph Thompson of Joseph Thompson Woodworks. Bring us your latest project, FaceTime us or give us a call - we'll help get you through your latest DIY or woodworking project!
Mystery Pack! You'll receive a minimum of six pieces - maker's choice!
A day at the shop! Come enjoy an 8 hr. private woodworking class of your choice with me and Joseph Thompson of Joseph Thompson Woodworks at our shop in Eutawville, SC. A delicious local lunch is included.
A day at the shop with a friend! You and a friend can enjoy an 8 hr. private woodworking class of your choice with me and Joseph Thompson of Joseph Thompson Woodworks at our shop in Eutawville, SC. A delicious local lunch is included.
One custom keepsake box designed and handcrafted by myself and Joseph Thompson.
$1,000 Credit towards a custom furniture or jewelry piece designed and handcrafted by Joseph Thompson and myself.


Coleago provide advice, support and training to companies, investors and regulators in the communications sector. Their team comprises only highly experienced, industry experts, many with more than 25 years experience. This experience has been gained both in developed markets but also in some of the most challenging emerging markets of the world. This breadth and depth of experience allows us to provide unparalleled insight, advice and support.
Coleago's advisory services include due diligence, profit optimisation and network performance improvement across GSM, 3G, Fixed, Broadband, WiFi and WiMax technologies. Coleago advise MVNOs and host networks on strategy and implementation and a wide range of players on the challenges of convergence. Coleago have a long and proven track record in spectrum valuation and spectrum auctions and licence bids and our digital content and media team have unrivalled commercial expertise. Their training services encompass strategy, finance, business modelling and technology and Coleago provide operational support from interim management through to full network roll-outs.


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Custom Distillation
American Dry Gin
Barley Gin
Our Stills
Loch & Union Release of Barrel Aged Gin
When they hear the words "Napa Valley", most people naturally think of world-class wines, beautiful surroundings, pristine communities, and outstanding hospitality.
Now, we can highlight one more Napa Valley attraction: Loch & Union's Barrel Aged Gin.
Much like wine production, the ultimate quality of gin and other distilled products depends on the makers' expertise, the quality of the raw materials, and the impact of certain external factors incorporated during the process.
In winemaking, the high-quality barrels used to hold and age the product have a notable impact and even introduce subtle influences on the final product's flavor.
So, when partners Colin Baker and Matt Meyer were deciding on their Loch & Union Distillery location, Napa Valley seemed like the best possible candidate. The region offers access to the best grains and other raw materials and a strong prevailing adherence to a philosophy of quality and innovation.
And, of course, Napa Valley winemakers use the best barrels available anywhere.
Barrels Can Make a Difference
For over a century, winemakers have gravitated to Napa Valley from all over to take advantage of the region's rich, unique soils, weather, and other conditions.
But winemaking and spirits distilling are two decidedly different processes. So why would the creative distillers at Loch & Barrel imagine linking the two production methods in any way?
By using high-quality Napa Valley new or once-used American and French wine barrels to the aging their distilled products, these innovators envisioned a distinctive impact on their final products to differentiate them from "standard" distilled spirits.
Generally, gin and many other distilled spirits are aged in low-quality barrels that have been fire-charred rather than carefully toasted like wine barrels.
Now located in American Canyon at the southern end of Napa Valley, the Loch & Union Distillery now has access to high-quality, slightly used barrels, as well as new ones produced by nearby world-famous cooperages.
Loch & Union's Barrel Aged Gin is Only the Beginning
Loch & Union's commitment to coexisting with Napa Valley's wine industry was inspired by the area's longstanding tradition of innovation and a pioneering spirit to improve on traditional methods, according to a Napa Valley Register article published in March 2018.
Distillers have their own recipes for making gin. Most try to create a style and variation that delivers a unique and distinctive flavor profile without wandering too far afield from what their consumers expect.
Now, at their Napa Valley Distillery, the Loch & Union experts finish the aging process and add their unique "twist" of their special label gin production in Napa Chardonnay barrels.
About Loch & Union Barrel Aged Gin Distilling in Napa
The release of Napa Valley Loch & Union Barrel Aged Gin demonstrates the Company's genuine connection with Napa Valley. While this product is only their first official, large production using the process of aging in Napa Valley wine barrels, founders Colin Baker and Matt Meyer envision broader development in coming years.
While the Loch & Union Barrel Aged Gin is only their first project using wine barrel aging, the company is building on that success to present a Barrel Aged Single Malt Whiskey in their Napa Valley distillery, available in 2022.
108 Dodd Ct.
American Canyon, CA 94505
© 2018 LOCH & UNION DISTILLING.
Design by CF Napa Brand Design
Loch & Union Distilling Website
© 2018 LOCH & UNION DISTILLING. All Rights Reserved.
Our site is intended for adults of legal drinking age.
Please enjoy our wines responsibly.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Case Studies, Success Stories, Customer Stories & Customer References of individual Bloomfire customers - their use cases, successful stories, approaches, and customer success results of using the software or service. Read these Case Studies, Success Stories, Customer Stories & Customer References to decide if Bloomfire is the right business software or service for your company.
Bloomfire reviews have an overall customer reference rating of 4.6 from 952 ratings.


Use the box below to receive your unique price quote for the Dorothy Red Aluminium Venetian Blinds. Once you enter your measurements and click calculate, you will be given a price, and the option to buy the blinds.
Dorothy Red Aluminium Venetian Blinds - A vivid shade of red make for a risqu� and exciting Venetian blind. Aluminium Venetian Blind Available in 25mm Slat Widths, This Blind Has A Matching Headrail And Bottom Rail, these blinds are controlled by a pull cord and a clear plastic tilt wand.
These Aluminium Venetian Blinds are composed of Aluminium and comes complete with a 12 Months Guarantee. The Dorothy Red Aluminium Venetian Blinds are available in widths from 25 cm and drops from 25 cm right up to widths of 400 cm and drops of 400 cm.
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Q: Angularjs ng-Repat how to remove Extension from the name

   <input type="text" ng-bind="item.file.name" value="{{item.file.name}}">

Here my file.name is Abc.pdf then how can i remove .pdf from the name

A: Create a custom filter:
app.filter('removeExt', function () {
  return function (item) {
    var items = item.split('.')
    items.pop()
    return items.join('.')
  }
})

and then use
{{ item.file.name | removeExt }}

A: You can just use plain javascript, like this:
var file = item.file.name;
var fileName = file.split(".");

The split method will create an array of substrings so fileName[0] = "Abc" and fileName[1] = "pdf".

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


As He was speaking, a Pharisee asked Him to dine with him. So He went in and reclined at the table.
Now when He had spoken, a Pharisee asked Him to have lunch with him; and He went in, and reclined [at the table].
Now as he spake, a Pharisee asketh him to dine with him: and he went in, and sat down to meat.


The king's servant is the king himself.
"At mihi succurrit pro Ganymede manus"
were favorite mottoes, and from boyhood to age he was as independent as might be of service from others. He built his own fires, going to the woodpile in the yard in all weather for armfuls as he needed fuel; he almost always walked to and from trains, carried his own valise, and when going to lecture in a neighboring town, drove himself. He always kept one or two ears of Indian corn in his cabinet to catch the horse with, if it got out of the pasture.
Emerson deserves praise for his determination to do things for himself, instead of being waited on. But he and his son seem to have misinterpreted the Latin verse "At mihi succurrit pro Ganymede manus," which is not from Horace but from Martial 2.43.14, translated as follows by D.R. Shackleton Bailey: "But my hand comes to my assistance in lieu of Ganymede."
But when I have lain taut with protracted excitement in vain, often my left hand comes to my rescue in your stead.
Similarly Martial 9.41.1-2 (numquam futuis, sed paelice laeva / uteris et Veneri servit amica manus), which you'll have to translate for yourself, dear readers. It appears, from these passages, that the Romans customarily used the left hand when engaged in this practice. For a discussion of Martial's views on masturbation see J.P. Sullivan, Martial, the Unexpected Classic: a Literary and Historical Study (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991), p. 190-191.


text:
Q: Не выводит элемент объекта JSON console.log(dataJson);

Дает результат: {"UserChannelId":"cb4a62ba4af3ab722b599b270","title":"test"}
и почему-то вот это: console.log(dataJson.UserChannelId);
дает результат: undefined
В чем может быть проблема?


text:
Mark Jackson hails Leeds United U23s match-winners after impressive Wigan victory in Premier League Cup
SportFootballLeeds United
Son Heung-min hails 'unbelievable' Leeds United after making Tottenham Hotspur history
TOTTENHAM Hotspur goalscoring centurion Son Heung-min paid tribute to the "unbelievable" progress of Leeds United after sinking the Whites in north London.
By Lee Sobot
Saturday, 2nd January 2021, 2:58 pm
Updated Saturday, 2nd January 2021, 3:00 pm
Son became the first Spurs player beyond the UK and Ireland to score 100 goals for the club when tucking away Harry Kane's cross in Saturday's 3-0 victory.
Kane had earlier converted a penalty and Toby Alderweireld then powered home a header in the second half but Son admitted Marcelo Bielsa's Whites had provided his side with a very tough test in their latest Premier League clash.
United continued to attack throughout an end to end contest and had 18 attempts at goal compared to Tottenham's 20.
IMPRESSED: Tottenham Hotspur forward Son Heung-min embraces Leeds United centre-back Pascal Struijk after Saturday's 3-0 triumph in north London as Kalvin Phillips and Harry Kane look on. Photo by Ian Walton - Pool/Getty Images.
Asked if Leeds had been energetic and tricky challengers in his post-match interview on BT Sport, Son gave a puff of the cheeks and admitted: "It was a really difficult game.
"Obviously we know how they are doing, we know they are doing an unbelievable job and they are working so hard.
"We created chances from the start of the game and to get the clean sheet and 3-0 at the start of a new year is fantastic."
https://www.yorkshireeveningpost.co.uk/sport/football/leeds-united/yorkshire-evening-post-launch-leeds-united-only-digital-subscription-ahead-premier-league-campaign-2967964
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Thank you Laura Collins


text:
Q: About conversion operator and operator() In the following code:
template <class T> class mval {
protected:
    T max;
public:
    template <class iter> mval (iter begin, iter end):max(*begin) {
        while(begin != end) {
            (*this)(*begin);
            ++begin;
        }
    }
    void operator()(const T &t) {
        if (t > max)
            max = t;
    }
    void print() {
        cout << max;
    }
};

int main() {
    int arr[3] = { 10,20,5 };
    (mval<int>(arr, arr + 3)).print();
}

Why does (*this)(*begin); leads to the operator()?
Shouldn't it go to this operator only when you have something like mval x; x(T); ? But it behaves like it's a conversion operator, how?

A: How is mval x; x(T); any different than (*this)(*begin);? In both cases I see an object of type mval followed by parentheses with one argument inside. What did you expect to happen? (*this) is not a type, it's an lvalue of type mval, so I don't see how it "behaves like it's a conversion operator" either.


Array Sink Modules and Stations are designed to support clinical or service oriented applications. Individual Sinks Modules intelligently pair with other Array elements and follow the unique and simple frame-and-box schema of Array. Stations support left-hand or right-hand configurations and can be configured into custom configurations, without compromise to details and without component redundancy.


A blind white woman (Elizabeth Hartman) unknowingly falls for a black man (Sidney Poitier) in A Patch of Blue, a 1965 melodrama that included scandalous interracial kissing. Shelley Winters won an Oscar playing the girl's crappy mother, but this was the biggest commercial hit of Poitier's long career. This is the fourth weekly installment in Barrington Library's Poitier retrospective, which wraps up on the 8th with In The Heat of the Night. The library's auditorium was recently renovated, though it's kind of a bummer that all their classic film screenings happen at 1pm on weekdays.


text:
Avian Elegance
Wood Bird Relief Panel, 'Avian Elegance'
Product ID: U168053
This item is available for pre-order and will ship within 2 to 8 weeks. Learn More
Available in 2 to 8 weeks. Learn More
Graceful and beautiful, a tropical bird poises lightly on a blooming bough. Seji Taram carves a wall panel that evokes a glimpse of paradise. The rich grain of Balinese suar wood permeates this idyllic sculpture.
Each artwork is unique -- wood grain, color, and pattern will differ slightly from picture
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21.5 cm H x 42 cm W x 2.5 cm D
8.5" H x 16.5" W x 1" D
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Artfully crafted by Seji Taram from Indonesia.
Seji Taram
"I'll always remember what my husband said before died, he wanted me to carry on caring wisely for our children, and he also encouraged me to be a stronger woman for our children's sake."
It is with a very heavy heart that we mourn the death of Ketut Taram from lung cancer. "He was the best man I ever knew, and the best husband I could ever hope for. He always made me feel loved. He was always gentle and caring, especially with our children — he never got angry and always had a great capacity for understanding," Seji his wife told us. A Novica friend and artisan, he will be much missed by all of us.
"My name is Ketut Taram and I was born in the Gianyar regency, Bali, in 1967. I learned how to create my first sculpture from my older brother, Made Mudiawan. From 1975 until 1990 I worked primarily in suar wood. Then, from 1990 until 2000, I made the sculptures from sandalwood. Lately, I enjoy sculpturing with both.
"I began carving on my own in 1992; before I'd worked together with my older brother, saving until I had enough money to open my own workshop. There are five people working with me now.
"Balinese culture and tradition inspire my artwork. As the son of Wayan Kicen, a wood carver, it is easy and enjoyable for me to transfer my imagination into my work.
"I have participated in several exhibitions around Bali. Thank you Novica for promoting my artwork to the whole world. Through my art I do hope to provide a good life and a better future for my family, especially for my children."
Always happy and smiling, Taram's carving legacy will be continued by Seji, who says,
"I met Ketut Taram when I was 19, and we were married three years later. He was a very quiet man, very kind, didn't talk much, and cared very much for me and our children. He didn't tell us he was serious ill because he didn't want to make us sad or worry us. He only told me three months before he passed away.
"We have a young son and an older daughter. They inspire me and motivate me to make sure I can give them a better life until they graduate from university. But it has been difficult since my husband passed away – I try to fill my day with different activities, working hard.
"I'll always remember what my husband said before died, he wanted me to carry on caring wisely for our children, and he also encouraged me to be a stronger woman for our children's sake.
"Being associated with Novica has really made our situation easier, before and after my husband passed away, because we only focus on orders from Novica customers. We sell most of our products via Novica and from that we can pay for food and also our children's school fees.
"I learned this art from my husband, and now I continue to craft his designs, sometimes with Novica's advice on how to improve and create new designs from my own ideas. I hope my hard work will make our products sell more, and that Novica customers like my new designs."
View full artist profile
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NECK 14 - 14.5 15 - 15.5 16 - 16.5 17 - 17.5 18 - 18.5
SLEEVE 32.5 33.5 34.5 35.5 36.5
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Take your measurements with the tape measure over your under garments. If your measurements fall between sizes you may prefer the next larger size. Inseam, skirt and dress lengths vary by style and will be listed in the item description. Our sweaters are knit in standard American sizes, however actual measurements vary by style.
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Measure around the fullest part of chest under the arms and over the shoulder blades keeping the tape measure level.
Measure around the smallest part of the waist keeping the tape measure comfortably loose. Most garments use the low waist measurement noted below.
Measure around the body approximately 1.5" below the natural waist (above). This is the area where most pants and skirts actually fit.
Standing with your heels together, measure around the fullest part of the body approx 7"-8" below the waist.
Measure around the base of the neck keeping the tape measure comfortably loose.
Bend elbow slightly and starting at the center back of the neck, measure across the shoulder, to the elbow and down to the wrist.
Our standard inseam length for women is 32" and 34" for men; however inseam measurements will vary slightly by style.
Handmade goods from developing nations usually pass through a series of intermediaries before being purchased by retail consumers. Each of these intermediaries adds cost to the product, and that cost is passed on to the customer. UNICEF USA partnered with NOVICA, who works directly with artists through their regional offices in Asia, Africa and Latin America, allowing purchases from UNICEF Market to go directly from the artisans to fulfilling customer orders. By skipping steps in the traditional supply chain, you can buy high quality items for less than the regular retail prices.
Each item purchased from UNICEF Market will benefit UNICEF's programs that provide lifesaving nutrition, medicine, education, clean water, emergency relief and more to children in need.
This item was handmade in Indonesia. Here, UNICEF helped build earthquake resistant schools with clean water storage to withstand natural disasters.


text:
Why Economic Freedom Matters for the Poor to Flourish
Baylee Eby
There is something missing in the fight against global poverty: economic freedom.
In our constant effort to define poverty, we have focused too narrowly on the symptoms of poverty and not enough on the actual cause.
We go after short-term solutions to treating hunger instead of finding long-term solutions to the causes of hunger: lack of local agriculture investment, insecure infrastructure to protect from natural disasters, unstable markets, etc.
By not considering the roots of poverty, attempts to treat it will only provide temporary relief and likely negative effects in the future.
Along with paternalistic power structures and outdated charity efforts, the key aspect keeping the poor from reaching their God-given potential is the widespread lack of economic freedom in many developing countries.
Rule of Law as a Means to Economic Freedom
The Index of Economic Freedom defines economic freedom as:
The fundamental right of every human to control his or her own labor and property. In an economically free society, individuals are free to work, produce, consume, and invest…in economically free societies, governments allow labor, capital and goods to move freely, and refrain from coercion…to protect and maintain liberty itself.
These ideas about economic freedom relate very closely to the biblical ideas of human flourishing.
In a research paper for IFWE, biblical scholar Jonathan Pennington writes that,
God's saving work, his redemptive activity, his goal for humanity and all creation is precisely this: that we flourish fully even as he himself flourishes perfectly, completely, and with overflowing abundance.
God desires for us to use our gifts and talents to contribute to human flourishing. However, when communities lack economic freedom, their creative potential is stifled.
The majority of developing countries do not have the institutional or legal structures providing the necessary aspects of economic freedom—stable rule of law is difficult to find. According to economist Hernando de Soto, author of The Mystery of Capital, "In two-thirds of the world, there isn't yet the rule of law."
Rule of law provides communities with access to formal markets, secure and protected property rights, and justice in the courts.
Without rule of law, the weakest in society are more vulnerable and less likely to have the economic freedoms needed to prosper.
The Excluded Poor
According to the documentary film Poverty, Inc.:
It's not that people do not have the capacity to be much more efficient, it's that the access is not democratized.
The film shows one Ghanaian man, Charles Mends, who started his own small juice processing company based in Ghana.
Mends is finding it difficult to grow his business.
Mends is a young man with no collateral or land property, making it difficult for him to access a loan. The interest rates on any loan Mends could receive are too high. He claims no business would be able to make the profit needed to pay off the loan.
Without a loan, it is very difficult for Mends's company to move into the "middle state" where his company could start to make more money.
Another example given by a Ghanaian entrepreneur, Herman Chinery-Hesse, is of local farmers, which make up 60 to 70 percent of the population in Ghana.
These farmers do not have property rights. Chinery-Hesse explains that the farmers end up "buying" land four or five times but do not actually own that land. As a result, they are unable to go to the bank to borrow money to buy necessary farming equipment. Chinery-Hesse concludes,
You cannot start an economy without ownership being in question.
The poor, therefore, continue to be excluded from the formal market and unable to overcome their poverty.
Changing the Direction of Efforts to Aid the Poor
The underlying causes of poverty reveal that economic freedom matters greatly.
Creating lasting change in the realm of foreign aid and international development requires a strong understanding of the nature of poverty.
The poor lack access to the market, they have no property rights, and they have little to no justice in the courts.
By understanding the components of economic freedom, we can change the direction of our efforts to aid the poor and start to place a greater emphasis on creating more economically free societies that protect the poor and promote their flourishing.
Editor's note: Learn more about the best path to human flourishing in For the Least of These: A Biblical Answer to Poverty.
On "Flashback Friday," we publish some of IFWE's former posts that are worth revisiting. This post was first published on Mar. 2, 2016.
Baylee Eby is co-founder of a social impact brand, Dreamer & Co, whose mission is to provide job skills and a steady income to young women in the Horn of Africa. She formerly served as Operations Manager at the Institute for Faith, Work & Economics. Prior to joining the Institute, Baylee worked as a project manager at Chemonics International Inc. on a Global Health Supply Chain project funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development. Baylee graduated from the University of Virginia with her Bachelor degree as well as a Master of Public Policy degree. She currently resides in Alexandria, Virginia with her husband, Daniel. They enjoy hiking with their Bernese Mountain Dog, Moose and rock climbing.
"The poor lack access to the market, they have no property rights, and they have little to no justice in the courts." Twitter Facebook
"Without rule of law, the weakest in society are more vulnerable and less likely to have the economic freedoms needed to prosper." Twitter Facebook
"The underlying causes of poverty reveal that economic freedom matters greatly." Twitter Facebook


When Arne Jacobsen designed the City Hall Clock for Rødovre Town Hall in 1956, he didn't know he was creating a Danish design icon. One which would be so wide spread, so copied and imitated, that it's almost become the archetype for what a clock looks like. When great design has become this common place, we sometimes grow blind to it. But the classics always bounce back no matter what momentary trends become fashionable.
This timeless time telling piece is still made in Denmark today. Manufacturer Rosendahl have released it in three sizes to suit different spaces and environments.


text:
Q: Prove $A>P^{T}B^{-1}P$ iff $B>PA^{-1}P^{T}$.
Suppose $A,B$ are $n\times n$ positive definite real symmetric matrices,P is an $n\times n$ real matrix, prove that
  $A>P^{T}B^{-1}P$ iff $B>PA^{-1}P^{T}$.

By using the orthogonal diagonalization, I can prove this when $P$ is nonsingular.  I have tried Polar decomposition, but I didn't know how to deal with $P$, since it can be singular.


text:
Prep basketball: Palatka loses controversial loss to Oakleaf
Is Twitter and Facebook free or consistent?
Blair | News, Sports, Jobs
Wuhan Lab leak theory theory released as China threatens scientists with 'cruel' cracking | Science | News
Windsor Locks Dems, Finance Board disagrees with another name | Windsor Locks
Home Science Wuhan Lab leak theory theory released as China threatens scientists with 'cruel'...
Eric Rich
"That does seem to have been the reason why the scientists who thought a laboratory leak was plausible then sat down and wrote an article saying it wasn't.
The email from Sir Jeremy Farrar, director of the Wellcome Trust, on February 2, 2020, said that "a likely explanation" was that Covid had rapidly evolved from a Sars-like virus inside human tissue in a low-security lab.
But a leading scientist told Sir Jeremy that "further debate would do unnecessary harm to science in general and science in China in particular".
The email, to Dr Anthony Fauci and Dr Francis Collins of the US National Institutes of Health, went on to say that such evolution may have "accidentally created a virus primed for rapid transmission between humans".
He said: "There was a motive among the people on this exchange to quash this theory because of the damage it might do to science in general and science in China.
"That is frankly upsetting for those of us who are champions of science to find that scientists are putting political convenience above the truth."
Dr Collins, the former director of the US National Institutes of Health, warned it could damage "international harmony".
And Mr Ridley, who recently gave evidence to the Science and Technology Committee on the Wuhan lab leak theory, said that there were a series of "harsh" actions taken by the Chinese state which also helped to crush proper investigation into Covid's origins.
He told Express.co.uk: "Early in January, there were a series of harsh edicts issued by the Chinese Government to the health professionals and scientists in Wuhan and elsewhere in China forbidding in sharing any information at all with any form of media or social media about the pandemic." Mr Ridley said that this is why the coronavirus pandemic got "out of control".
READ MORE: Russian rocket part makes uncontrolled re-entry into Earth He said: "That meant that the virus got out of control because health professionals did not get timely information about how much they were at risk.
"Local government officials did not get information about how much risk they were running." But Mr Ridley is not only worried about the Chinese clampdown on scientific openness.
"It is a concern that I have. We have seen the growth of an industry of senior scientists motivated by getting a preferred story out there rather than what they really think. "Science is about doubt, it is about investigating things we don't know rather than what we do know.
He told Express.co.uk: "There is a growing problem in science of an increasing tendency to put political reasons above full transparency and openness. He is also "concerned" about the transparency of science in the West too.
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Sean of Miami
The BIG BUBBLE
Criticism: Miami's New Parks
By Sean McCaughan. March 2012
Format LinkPosted on April 25, 2013 April 23, 2017 Tags Bicentennial Park, Brickell Green Space, Flatiron Park, Grand Central Park, Midtown Green Space, Museum ParkLeave a comment on Criticism: Miami's New Parks
Introducing: Curbed Miami
I've been working on a little project for the past few weeks called Curbed Miami, and it just went live last week. Take a look at miami.curbed.com.
Posted on May 31, 2012 April 23, 2017 Tags Curbed Miami, Curbed Miami Editor, Curbed Network, Miami, Miami Editor, Sean McCaughanLeave a comment on Introducing: Curbed Miami
Comment> Miami's New Urbanist Experiment
My latest article at The Architect's Newspaper is on the Miami 21 zoning code. Here's a quote:
On February 9, Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk, the grande dame of New Urbanism, will present Miami 21, the first New Urbanist zoning code to be adopted by a major American city, at the AIA Center for Architecture in New York. Written by Plater-Zyberk, this form-based code was approved by the City of Miami in 2009. Miami has officially been New Urbanist—a theoretical Seaside on steroids—for the last three years. As mapped out by Miami 21, the citywide transformation away from automobiles and air-conditioned bubbles will take decades and will depend on Miami's traditional boom-and-bust cycle of growth to accomplish this massive undertaking. It is an imperfect experiment with significant obstacles for the city, but there's little doubt that it will work, and that it already has.
The rest of the article is at The Architect's Newspaper.
Posted on February 6, 2012 April 23, 2017 Leave a comment on Comment> Miami's New Urbanist Experiment
Design Miami Evolving
This is my first article for Domus, the Italian design magazine.
The fair's selectivity brings the question of good design to some curious conclusions. A Bucky-ball bubble house, full of scrap leather side tables, occasional chairs, china cabinets, and stools, with a digitally-cut gazebo in the front yard and either a Dymaxion Car or Audi in the driveway, all along a glowing blue street, is an eclectic trade-fair fantasia brought to its high-end extreme.
Here' the full piece: Design Miami Evolving
Posted on December 26, 2011 April 23, 2017 Leave a comment on Design Miami Evolving
Adjaye, Fuller, and Foster
Three big architectural personalities and two pavilions, in Miami: The AN Blog
Posted on December 14, 2011 April 23, 2017 Leave a comment on Adjaye, Fuller, and Foster
Thomas Leeser's Movie House: A Belated Review
New York City has been setting, backdrop, plot device, antagonist, and main character in thousands of movies, TV shows, video games, and YouTube clips since Thomas Edison invented the Kinetoscope in West Orange, New Jersey. This town was where Ricky loved Lucy, where Harry met Sally, where Carrie married Mr. Big, and where Jerry, Elaine, Kramer, and George lived pointless, inane, lives in a show about nothing. For the moving image, New York City is the greatest of urban muses.
Astoria, the center of New York's film industry, and the oldest cinematic neighborhood anywhere, is home to the Museum of the Moving Image. The museum reopened earlier this year after a three-year renovation, with a startling and surreal addition to its original building, the former East Coast studios of Paramount Pictures.
Designed by architect Thomas Leeser, the addition doubles the museum's size and includes a battalion of desperately needed new amenities, including a theater, screening rooms, a café, temporary exhibition spaces, an educational wing, and on-site collection storage facilities. Although within an historic building, not much beyond the façade is left. Leeser's design works around the façade, not wholeheartedly embracing it, but not overpowering it either. This is Thomas Leeser's first big completed building, and his first big New York statement. He is a young architect eager to claim his identity, but he does it well.
The Leeser addition, behind the historic building, and most visible when approaching the museum from the rear, (It's on a corner lot, but faces 35th Avenue), is a pale blue cloud, a tessellation of prefabricated triangular panels that has moored itself on the white Paramount building. The main entrance is still in the old building, but Leeser's airy lobby slices through both, ending with a broad lass wall looking onto the still unfinished courtyard. The lobby's far end includes a café, making the space multifunctional, and is flanked by the new theater, smaller screening room, and educational wing. The courtyard will be finished in a second phase, with an outdoor movie screen, and a school group entrance.
As with his cloud-like exterior, Leeser's interiors for the Museum of the Moving Image are otherworldly and fun. Leeser restrains himself against making corny architectural allusions to movies, or TV, but he breaks the film art form down, subtly manipulating the visual with solid colors, and the auditory with acoustics. The main theater, entered from the lobby, is a swirling womb of Yves Klein blue, while an accompanying smaller screening room, opposite the theater is covered in bubblegum pink. These bursts of brightness tell you you're in a space specifically for the act of viewing, as compared to anywhere else. Both spaces are acoustically sealed from the outside world, making them wombs for movie watching. The rest of Leeser's interiors, including walls, ceilings, and details are white Corian, a material he uses for its creamy matte blankness and its plasticity, and the floors are a light blue.
From the lobby, one ascends a grand staircase to permanent and temporary exhibition spaces on the two levels above. The second floor landing widens into an open plan screening room, with built-in bench seating on a gently sloping floor, and tilted creamy white walls. This is a foyer of sorts, leading to more semi-programmed exhibition spaces on the second floor, as well as Behind the Screen, the museum's core (read "permanent for an impermanent medium") exhibition space.
Behind the Screen, which has been updated in the new museum, is another instance, as with the façade, where Leeser sees his limits and demures from confronting them. His work stands clearly to one side of the core exhibition's entry doors, while the core exhibition, redesigned by another architect, is definitively on the other.
Most of the Leeser's new architectural innards are a little, shall we say, slanted. Reality is distorted slightly, as if this isn't the architecture of the everyday, but of the world within the movie screen. Many of Leeser's new walls have a slight cant to them, while some are extremely diagonal, and many ceilings slant. The staircase leans slightly to one side. These angles are Leeser's whimsical solution to working with the theater form, and the variously shaped "leftover" spaces created by sloping auditorium floors. His design elegantly embraces these tilted spaces, repeating them throughout the museum.
On the third floor, the final ascension of the grand staircase pops into the center of the museum's temporary exhibition space, a wide, nondescript chameleon of a room that is adaptable to the objects it contains. This is where Leeser's design almost disappears, giving the museum's curators reign over the room's changing look.
Leeser doesn't cheapen the museum experience. He doesn't use filmstrip motifs, doesn't duplicate a movie studio, and doesn't plonk down fake movie sets. Your fantasies of kissing on Titanic's bow, sitting in the Millennium Falcon, and wandering through Diagon Alley, are better satiated in Orlando, as there is no cheesy satisfaction here. He does, however, include two archetypes of movie architecture. These are the main theater, which is monumental and rather plush – a futuristic movie palace – and the central staircase, which is just big enough to make a grand entrance.
Leeser is no doubt making a personal statement with his addition to the Museum of the Moving Image. A light blue cloud with white Corian innards doesn't immediately evoke cinematography or TV, and instead you see a lot of himself in it. You see the young, ambitious architect given the power to transform a New York museum. He got a big break and is screaming to show his talents off. But this young, ambitious architect handles that scenario very well. Leeser has made the right choice to not depend heavily on the museum's contents for inspiration, instead creating a subtle, ethereal, airy, and somewhat otherworldly vitrine for those contents to be presented in. He may be expressing himself in the Museum of the Moving Image, but he has created a new museum in which the possibilities are endless.
Posted on December 9, 2011 April 23, 2017 Leave a comment on Thomas Leeser's Movie House: A Belated Review
Postmodernism Post-Denial
Here is my first blog post for The Architect's Newspaper, on the recent "Postmodernism Revisited" Conference. A quote is below.
Postmodernism, the exuberant, eclectic, and ironic style born out of the death of the modernist dream in the 1960s and 70s, was the subject of the two-day-long "Reconsidering Postmodernism" conference last weekend, presented by the Institute of Classical Architecture & Art, at the CUNY Graduate Center in New York. The two marathon days of lectures, panels, and videos was filled with the original rock stars of the postmodernist world, including architects Robert A. M. Stern and Michael Graves, theorists Charles Jencks and Tom Wolfe, urbanists Andres Duany and Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk, and a small but passionate younger crowd who couldn't help but revel in the rambunctiousness of their vaunted forebearers.
Postmodernism Post-Denial: at the A/N Blog.
Posted on November 16, 2011 April 23, 2017 Leave a comment on Postmodernism Post-Denial


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31 Aug 2018 Trump Ends War on Coal
Posted at 16:13h in Blog, Environment and Enterprise Institute, Global Warming	by	David Almasi
In his continued efforts to help America achieve "global energy dominance," President Donald Trump recently scrapped the Obama-era anti-coal Clean Power Plan (CPP) in favor of his own Affordable Clean Energy (ACE) policy that National Center Senior Fellow Bonner Cohen, Ph.D. said offers more flexibility and promotes innovation.
In a commentary in The Hill newspaper, one of the capital's major publications focusing on the operations of the government, Bonner wrote that the ACE plan "empowers states to develop their own standards of performance for coal-fired power plants." While it encourages efforts to remove emissions that might affect climate change, he added that "[s]tates will have flexibility to develop a plan that works for their environmental and energy needs while considering the specific circumstances of individual power plants."
This, Bonner noted, is in sharp contrast to the doomed CPP imposed by Obama:
Sold to the American public as a strategy to combat human-induced climate change, the Obama CPP imposed a nationwide energy policy crafted to drive power companies away from using coal and toward the use of natural gas and renewable energy (primarily wind and solar). The EPA would dictate standards for each state, and it was up to the states to come up with plans to meet the agency's mandates.
…Before long, no fewer than 150 entities — including 27 states, 24 trade associations, 37 rural electric co-ops and three labor unions — challenged the plan in court, arguing that the EPA overstepped its authority under the Clean Air Act. And in an unprecedented move, the U.S. Supreme Court in February 2016 blocked implementation of the CPP.
How is the ACE different? Bonner explained:
Now Trump is skinning Obama's cat. Last year, he issued an executive order rescinding the CPP and putting forward his own plan. The EPA estimates the Trump initiative will cover more than 300 coal-fired power plants nationwide, with the goal of providing electric utilities with incentives to keep coal plants operating rather than replacing them with facilities powered by natural gas or renewable energy…
Instead of relying on traditional means of cutting emissions, such as scrubbers, the administration is open to innovative technologies that focus on heat-rate efficiency improvements of a given plant. Once such technologies have been tested and evaluated by plant operators and state regulators, they would be included in the state plans submitted to the EPA. This is a far cry from the top-down, one-size-fits-all approach of the Obama CPP.
The White House initiative includes a long-overdue overhaul of the EPA's hopelessly bureaucratic New Source Review permitting program, which has kept plant operators from investing in technologies to improve the environmental performance of their facilities. If these plants are not retrofitted and upgraded with emerging technologies in a timely fashion, they will have to be retired.
Whereas the CPP was a blueprint for the gradual elimination of the coal industry, the Trump initiative seeks to revitalize an energy source that currently supplies about 30 percent of the nation's electricity. Having diversified sources of power — natural gas, coal, nuclear, oil, hydroelectric and other renewables — has enabled the U.S. economy to avoid the perils of being overly dependent on one source of electricity. The CPP, by pushing utilities to shutter coal-fired power plants, seriously undermined that diversification and threatened the reliability of the grid.
To read Bonner's commentary in its entirety, click here.
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When the radical and racial statements of Representative Ilhan Omar forced the congressional leadership to act, the result – after much agonizing – was a …
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text:
Biografia
Nato a Pusan in Corea del Sud, possiede sia il passaporto sudcoreano che statunitense. Ha rappresentato gli Stati Uniti d'America ai Giochi olimpici di , dove ha vinto la medaglia di bronzo nel concorso delle freestyle gobbe.

Palmarès
Olimpiadi
1 medaglia:
1 bronzo (gobbe a Torino 2006)

Mondiali
3 medaglie:
1 oro (gobbe a Ruka 2005)
2 bronzi (gobbe e gobbe in parallelo a Deer Valley 2003)

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
<?php

namespace Symfony\Component\BrowserKit\Tests;

use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
use Symfony\Component\BrowserKit\Cookie;

class CookieTest extends TestCase
{
    public function testToString()
    {
        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar', strtotime('Fri, 20-May-2011 15:25:52 GMT'), '/', '.myfoodomain.com', true);
        $this->assertEquals('foo=bar; expires=Fri, 20 May 2011 15:25:52 GMT; domain=.myfoodomain.com; path=/; secure; httponly', (string) $cookie, '->__toString() returns string representation of the cookie');

        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar with white spaces', strtotime('Fri, 20-May-2011 15:25:52 GMT'), '/', '.myfoodomain.com', true);
        $this->assertEquals('foo=bar%20with%20white%20spaces; expires=Fri, 20 May 2011 15:25:52 GMT; domain=.myfoodomain.com; path=/; secure; httponly', (string) $cookie, '->__toString() encodes the value of the cookie according to RFC 3986 (white space = %20)');

        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', null, 1, '/admin/', '.myfoodomain.com');
        $this->assertEquals('foo=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:01 GMT; domain=.myfoodomain.com; path=/admin/; httponly', (string) $cookie, '->__toString() returns string representation of a cleared cookie if value is NULL');

        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar', 0, '/', '');
        $this->assertEquals('foo=bar; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; path=/; httponly', (string) $cookie);

        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar', 2, '/', '', true, true, false, 'lax');
        $this->assertEquals('foo=bar; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:02 GMT; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=lax', (string) $cookie);
    }

    /**
     * @dataProvider getTestsForToFromString
     */
    public function testToFromString($cookie, $url = null)
    {
        $this->assertEquals($cookie, (string) Cookie::fromString($cookie, $url));
    }

    public function getTestsForToFromString()
    {
        return array(
            array('foo=bar; path=/'),
            array('foo=bar; path=/foo'),
            array('foo=bar; domain=google.com; path=/'),
            array('foo=bar; domain=example.com; path=/; secure', 'https://example.com/'),
            array('foo=bar; path=/; httponly'),
            array('foo=bar; domain=google.com; path=/foo; secure; httponly', 'https://google.com/'),
            array('foo=bar=baz; path=/'),
            array('foo=bar%3Dbaz; path=/'),
        );
    }

    public function testFromStringIgnoreSecureFlag()
    {
        $this->assertFalse(Cookie::fromString('foo=bar; secure')->isSecure());
        $this->assertFalse(Cookie::fromString('foo=bar; secure', 'http://example.com/')->isSecure());
    }

    /**
     * @dataProvider getExpireCookieStrings
     */
    public function testFromStringAcceptsSeveralExpiresDateFormats($cookie)
    {
        $this->assertEquals(1596185377, Cookie::fromString($cookie)->getExpiresTime());
    }

    public function getExpireCookieStrings()
    {
        return array(
            array('foo=bar; expires=Fri, 31-Jul-2020 08:49:37 GMT'),
            array('foo=bar; expires=Fri, 31 Jul 2020 08:49:37 GMT'),
            array('foo=bar; expires=Fri, 31-07-2020 08:49:37 GMT'),
            array('foo=bar; expires=Fri, 31-07-20 08:49:37 GMT'),
            array('foo=bar; expires=Friday, 31-Jul-20 08:49:37 GMT'),
            array('foo=bar; expires=Fri Jul 31 08:49:37 2020'),
            array('foo=bar; expires=\'Fri Jul 31 08:49:37 2020\''),
            array('foo=bar; expires=Friday July 31st 2020, 08:49:37 GMT'),
        );
    }

    public function testFromStringWithCapitalization()
    {
        $this->assertEquals('Foo=Bar; path=/', (string) Cookie::fromString('Foo=Bar'));
        $this->assertEquals('foo=bar; expires=Fri, 31 Dec 2010 23:59:59 GMT; path=/', (string) Cookie::fromString('foo=bar; Expires=Fri, 31 Dec 2010 23:59:59 GMT'));
        $this->assertEquals('foo=bar; domain=www.example.org; path=/; httponly', (string) Cookie::fromString('foo=bar; DOMAIN=www.example.org; HttpOnly'));
    }

    public function testFromStringWithUrl()
    {
        $this->assertEquals('foo=bar; domain=www.example.com; path=/', (string) Cookie::fromString('foo=bar', 'http://www.example.com/'));
        $this->assertEquals('foo=bar; domain=www.example.com; path=/', (string) Cookie::fromString('foo=bar', 'http://www.example.com'));
        $this->assertEquals('foo=bar; domain=www.example.com; path=/', (string) Cookie::fromString('foo=bar', 'http://www.example.com?foo'));
        $this->assertEquals('foo=bar; domain=www.example.com; path=/foo', (string) Cookie::fromString('foo=bar', 'http://www.example.com/foo/bar'));
        $this->assertEquals('foo=bar; domain=www.example.com; path=/', (string) Cookie::fromString('foo=bar; path=/', 'http://www.example.com/foo/bar'));
        $this->assertEquals('foo=bar; domain=www.myotherexample.com; path=/', (string) Cookie::fromString('foo=bar; domain=www.myotherexample.com', 'http://www.example.com/'));
    }

    public function testFromStringThrowsAnExceptionIfCookieIsNotValid()
    {
        $this->{method_exists($this, $_ = 'expectException') ? $_ : 'setExpectedException'}('InvalidArgumentException');
        Cookie::fromString('foo');
    }

    public function testFromStringIgnoresInvalidExpiresDate()
    {
        $cookie = Cookie::fromString('foo=bar; expires=Flursday July 31st 2020, 08:49:37 GMT');

        $this->assertFalse($cookie->isExpired());
    }

    public function testFromStringThrowsAnExceptionIfUrlIsNotValid()
    {
        $this->{method_exists($this, $_ = 'expectException') ? $_ : 'setExpectedException'}('InvalidArgumentException');
        Cookie::fromString('foo=bar', 'foobar');
    }

    public function testGetName()
    {
        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar');
        $this->assertEquals('foo', $cookie->getName(), '->getName() returns the cookie name');
    }

    public function testGetValue()
    {
        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar');
        $this->assertEquals('bar', $cookie->getValue(), '->getValue() returns the cookie value');

        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar%3Dbaz', null, '/', '', false, true, true); // raw value
        $this->assertEquals('bar=baz', $cookie->getValue(), '->getValue() returns the urldecoded cookie value');
    }

    public function testGetRawValue()
    {
        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar=baz'); // decoded value
        $this->assertEquals('bar%3Dbaz', $cookie->getRawValue(), '->getRawValue() returns the urlencoded cookie value');
        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar%3Dbaz', null, '/', '', false, true, true); // raw value
        $this->assertEquals('bar%3Dbaz', $cookie->getRawValue(), '->getRawValue() returns the non-urldecoded cookie value');
    }

    public function testGetPath()
    {
        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar', 0);
        $this->assertEquals('/', $cookie->getPath(), '->getPath() returns / is no path is defined');

        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar', 0, '/foo');
        $this->assertEquals('/foo', $cookie->getPath(), '->getPath() returns the cookie path');
    }

    public function testGetDomain()
    {
        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar', 0, '/', 'foo.com');
        $this->assertEquals('foo.com', $cookie->getDomain(), '->getDomain() returns the cookie domain');
    }

    public function testIsSecure()
    {
        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar');
        $this->assertFalse($cookie->isSecure(), '->isSecure() returns false if not defined');

        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar', 0, '/', 'foo.com', true);
        $this->assertTrue($cookie->isSecure(), '->isSecure() returns the cookie secure flag');
    }

    public function testIsHttponly()
    {
        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar');
        $this->assertTrue($cookie->isHttpOnly(), '->isHttpOnly() returns false if not defined');

        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar', 0, '/', 'foo.com', false, true);
        $this->assertTrue($cookie->isHttpOnly(), '->isHttpOnly() returns the cookie httponly flag');
    }

    public function testGetExpiresTime()
    {
        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar');
        $this->assertNull($cookie->getExpiresTime(), '->getExpiresTime() returns the expires time');

        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar', $time = time() - 86400);
        $this->assertEquals($time, $cookie->getExpiresTime(), '->getExpiresTime() returns the expires time');
    }

    public function testIsExpired()
    {
        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar');
        $this->assertFalse($cookie->isExpired(), '->isExpired() returns false when the cookie never expires (null as expires time)');

        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar', time() - 86400);
        $this->assertTrue($cookie->isExpired(), '->isExpired() returns true when the cookie is expired');

        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar', 0);
        $this->assertFalse($cookie->isExpired());
    }

    /**
     * @expectedException        \UnexpectedValueException
     * @expectedExceptionMessage The cookie expiration time "string" is not valid.
     */
    public function testConstructException()
    {
        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar', 'string');
    }

    public function testSameSite()
    {
        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar');
        $this->assertNull($cookie->getSameSite());

        $cookie = new Cookie('foo', 'bar', 0, '/', 'foo.com', false, true, false, 'lax');
        $this->assertSame('lax', $cookie->getSameSite());
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Find out what precisely web accelerators are and the way it is possible to take advantage of them to supercharge your web site's performance.
A web accelerator is a software which accelerates a site, usually by caching its content. There are various types of accelerators, but in the typical case this sort of applications cache static content or database responses and supply them in place of the hosting server, hence enhancing the performance of an Internet site greatly. The latter is achievable because accelerator apps work faster than a web server and not only will a site operate better, but the server load will also minimize, which will enable you to run heavy websites with less resources. We provide three web accelerators with our hosting packages, which will enable you to increase the speed of any sort of website. In comparison, most Internet hosting service providers don't offer any web accelerators or offer one, which limits your choice of web applications in the event that you would like to employ such software.
When you host your sites in a shared hosting account from us, you'll have 3 popular web accelerators to pick from if you would like to improve the sites' efficiency. Memcached is used for database-driven Internet sites and it caches the calls and requests between a site and its database, so it can lessen the load of such websites considerably. Varnish caches entire webpages the first time a visitor opens them and provides them from there on if the same guest opens them again. It does that considerably faster than the web server, so it could boost the loading speed of any Internet site up to 300%. Node.js is an object-oriented platform for real-time applications that operates on the web server and not within the visitor's browser. It's employed for accommodation booking, chats and other programs where loads of data has to be processed in real time. The availability of the accelerators depends on the hosting package which you select - they might come by default or as an upgrade. In each case, you will be able to add more instances or more memory for each of them.
You will be able to use Memcached, Varnish or Node.js for the Internet sites hosted inside your semi-dedicated server account depending on the nature of the site content. Memcached, in particular, caches database requests, therefore it is a superb choice for any script app such as WordPress or Joomla™. This way, the database web server will not need to process the very same request if a number of users open a webpage with the same content. Varnish is comparable, but it's a general-purpose accelerator because it caches any kind of content the first time a visitor opens a page. In case this webpage is opened again by the exact same visitor, it'll be delivered by Varnish at a much higher speed compared to the hosting server. Employing this web accelerator can decrease the load produced by your websites significantly. Last, but not least, Node.js will allow you to create scalable web programs such as hotel booking Internet sites or chats. Its advantage over comparable platforms is that it doesn't wait for a customer to submit a big piece of info, but processes whatever the user is entering in real-time. The three web accelerators are available in the Hepsia CP and you'll be able to choose how many instances of every one of them will run and the maximum amount of memory they can use.
If you obtain a VPS server with the Hepsia Control Panel, you'll be able to use Memcached, Varnish and Node.js for your Internet sites. All 3 accelerators are included inside our solutions by default and feature dedicated memory of a few hundred megabytes. Node.js is used to build scalable applications where real-time interaction is necessary - booking websites, online flash games, chats, and so forth. It processes the info in little bits as the end user is entering it, as a result it operates faster than other platforms that wait for the users to enter one big part of info. Varnish is a general-purpose accelerator that functions as an HTTP proxy. It caches content and delivers it when the same visitor opens the same website again, which can speed any site several times since Varnish functions quicker than any hosting server. Memcached is used for caching API and database responses, consequently it's suitable for script-driven websites like WordPress and Joomla™. This web accelerator can easily decrease the load on your server as it shall decrease the number of database queries your sites make.
In case you choose Hepsia as the hosting CP for your new dedicated server, you shall have Memcached, Varnish and Node.js at your disposal for increasing the speed of your Internet sites. Memcached can reduce the load on the hosting server by lowering the queries your script-driven websites make since it caches database responses. This web accelerator is perfect for dynamic Internet sites built with WordPress, Joomla™ and very similar scripts. Varnish, which is known as an HTTP reverse proxy, caches entire webpages the first time a new guest opens them. It could be employed to accelerate any sort of site because it delivers the cached content much faster than the web server each time a website visitor opens the same site again. You could use Node.js for online apps that call for real-time server-client interaction like online chats or booking sites. In contrast to other platforms which wait for the user to input everything on a form, Node.js processes the data gradually as the user fills every box, so it operates considerably faster and more efficiently. All dedicated server solutions include several gigabytes of memory dedicated to these three web accelerators.


text:
Gul feflugsnappare<ref>Sveriges ornitologiska förening (2015) Officiella listan över svenska namn på världens fågelarter. Del 1: Icke-tättingarna  (Version 1, 11 februari 2015), <www.sofnet.org >, läst 2015-07-25</ref> (Culicicapa helianthea) är en fågel i familjen feflugsnappare inom ordningen tättingar.

 Utseende och läte
Gul feflugsnappare är en liten (11,5 cm) olivgul flugsnapparliknande fågel. Karakteristiskt är ett tydligt mörkt öga med ljus ögonring som sticker ut i ett i övrigt otecknat ansikte, olivgrön ovansida och helgul undersida. Den skiljs från systerarten gråhuvad feflugsnappare genom gult på hakan och avsaknad av grått på huvud och bröst. Sången som är enkel och ljus stiger först och faller sedan. Även ett kort drillande "ti-tip" hörs.

 Utbredning och systematik
Gul feflugsnappare återfinns i Filippinerna och på Sulawesi med kringliggande öar. Arten delas in i fem underarter:
 Culicicapa helianthea septentrionalis – förekommer på nordvästra Luzon i norra Filippinerna
 Culicicapa helianthea zimmeri – förekommer på Luzon och Catanduanes i Filippinerna
 Culicicapa helianthea panayensis – förekommer på öarna Panay, Negros, Cebu, Leyte, Mindanao, Biliran och Palawan
 Culicicapa helianthea mayri – förekommer på öarna Bongao och Tawitawi i Suluhavet
 Culicicapa helianthea helianthea'' – förekommer i Sulawesi, Salayar, Banggaiöarna och Sulaöarna

Familjetillhörighet
Fågeln fördes tidigare till familjen monarker, men DNA-studier visar att den tillhör en liten grupp tättingar som troligen är avlägset släkt med bland annat mesar. Dessa har nyligen urskiljts till den egna familjen Stenostiridae.

Levnadssätt
Fågeln ses enstaka eller i par sittande upprätt i undervegetation i skog och plantage i både låglänta områden och bergstrakter. Den följer ofta med artblandade kringvandrande flockar. Födan är dåligt känd, men tros bestå av små ryggradslösa djur, framför allt flugor. Fåglar i häckningstillstånd har noterats i april och maj, medan ungar har hittats i juni och juli.

Status och hot
Arten har ett stort utbredningsområde men tros minska i antal, dock inte tillräckligt kraftigt för att den ska betraktas som hotad. Internationella naturvårdsunionen IUCN kategoriserar därför arten som livskraftig (LC).

Noter

Externa länkar

 Läten på xeno-canto.org

Feflugsnappare
Fåglar i orientaliska regionen
Fåglar i australiska regionen


Google Play is one of the best known app stores of today and it's available to all Android users. It offers millions of apps and games that you can download on your Android device. It is available on all of the Android devices.
Handango is a great Android app download website besides Google Play. It is one of the largest app market place for Android. For Android users who are looking for an alternative, they must check this website and shop for games or download it for free.
Slide Me is another great Android app download website which provides wide range of downloadable apps on your Android device for free. It is one of the better alternatives for Google Play, and provides great apps that are just perfect for your device.
Android Games Room is another one of those websites that allow you to download some of the really better Android apps. Users can take advantage of the fact that some of the greatest apps and games for their devices can be found on this site easily. It offers wide range of app and game selections, and is perfect for those who love to play games on their Android device.
MoboMarket is a cool Android app download website that offers millions of apps and games to choose from. Some of the great games found on this app store are bound to make the Android user in you to fall in love with the site. This is another great Google Play store alternative that is worth checking out.
1 Mobile is a popular Android app download website for Android lovers who want to explore apps and games outside of Google Play store. It offers some of the greatest apps that Android users will for sure enjoy having it on their device.
Tired of all the ads that most of the app download sites make you go through? Then Get Android Stuff is for you, as it offers some of the best apps available for Android devices, without the annoying ads. It is another great Android app download website that is worth checking.
Mobango is an Android app download website which offers a variety of apps and games for your Android device. You can not only check out these apps and games, and download them as you want, but also view the many videos that the site offers for free.
Play Android is an awesome Android app download website that would appeal to gamers who are always on the lookout for the coolest of games available for Android devices as of today.
Apps APK is an Android app download website that is worth checking. It offers thousands of apps and games to choose from. It also provides some of the coolest launchers and wallpapers that Android users would surely like to try on their device.
Opera Mobile Store is another popular Android app download website which provides some of the best games and apps available on any of the smartphone operating systems of today. It provides a wide range of apps and games to choose from for all the smartphone and tablet operating systems, and not just Android devices.
Amazon App store is one of the Google Play alternatives that is very popular to smartphone users. It is a great Android app download website that offers some of the best paid apps and games for free. It offers thousands of apps and games that works perfectly on your Android devices. It is one of the best app stores today.
AppBrain is a great Android app download website that offers cool apps for Android. It specializes in offering the best apps and games for enhancing your concentration and thinking. It is an app store that would appeal to people who like mentally challenging games and more.
Appolicious is an Android app download website that provides thousands of apps and games that are free and easy to download. It is an app store that is worth checking, simply because of its user friendly interface, not to forget the great set of apps that it offers as well.
GetJar is a great alternative for Google Play that offers plenty of apps and games to choose from. It is an Android app download website that provides thousands of free games and apps that Android users would surely enjoy.
Phandroid is great Android app store that provides some of the best games and apps available on Android devices for free. For those Android users who are thinking of checking on some Google Play alternative, this is one of the best sites to visit.
Appitalism offers some of the best games and apps available for Android. You can browse through some of the games and apps that are available on the website and you can get it all for free.
Soc.io Mall is one of the most popular Android market that has a wide range of apps and games to choose from. It offers some of the best apps and games for free. Not only that, it also offers eBooks and music for free. This is the site to come to if you are unable to find the app you are looking for on other sites.
AppsLib is another great Android market that provides thousands of apps and games to choose from. It offers some of the best apps and games that an Android user will surely like. It is one of the best Google Play store alternatives where you can find thousands of games and apps to download.
Mobogenie is one of the best Android stores where Android users can check some of the best apps and games available today and download it for free. It has a lot of games and apps to choose from. If you're looking for an alternative, or you couldn't find an app that you want to download on other Android app markets, this is the best place for you.
So, there you go, these 20 awesome websites will make your life so much easier when it comes to downloading your favorite apps for all your Android devices. Go ahead and enjoy!
From these websites, you can simply download Android apps to computer, and then install all your wanted apps in batches.
Install apps in batches, how to do that?
Yes, this is the playground of dr.fone - Transfer, which has far more other functions like exporting/importing apps, and transferring messages, contacts, photos, etc.
See How to Install APK on Android from PC for the detailed operations.
Manage, export/import your music, photos, videos, contacts, SMS, etc.
This article focuses on telling you things to do with a new Android phone. Read it and follow the tips on your new Android phone.
Fonts make or break digital content. Here is how to change them on your Android device if you feel the need to.
This article make a full introduction about what is Android partition manager and how to partition SD card for Android.
This article shows you some troubleshooting about WiFi manager, top 5 Android WiFi managers and a powerful desktop WiFi manager for Android.
Don't know how to manage multi-screen on Android phone? This article shows you top 5 Android window manager apps for you.


text:
package org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.ml.job.groups;

import org.elasticsearch.test.ESTestCase;
import org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.ml.job.config.Job;
import org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.ml.job.groups.GroupOrJob;

import java.util.Arrays;

import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.contains;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;

public class GroupOrJobTests extends ESTestCase {

    public void testSingleJob() {
        Job job = mock(Job.class);
        GroupOrJob groupOrJob = new GroupOrJob.SingleJob(job);
        assertThat(groupOrJob.isGroup(), is(false));
        assertThat(groupOrJob.jobs(), contains(job));
        expectThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> groupOrJob.jobs().add(mock(Job.class)));
    }

    public void testGroup() {
        Job job1 = mock(Job.class);
        Job job2 = mock(Job.class);
        GroupOrJob groupOrJob = new GroupOrJob.Group(Arrays.asList(job1, job2));
        assertThat(groupOrJob.isGroup(), is(true));
        assertThat(groupOrJob.jobs(), contains(job1, job2));
        expectThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> groupOrJob.jobs().add(mock(Job.class)));
    }
}


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The Urbandale Public Library Foundation, Inc. was created in 1988 to handle donations to further the growth of the Urbandale Public Library. Meetings are held quarterly on the fourth Monday of the month in the Library Conference Room, 3520 86th Street.
Financial donations can be made online, dropped off, or mailed to the library.
If mailing or dropping off your contribution, please complete this form and enclose it with your donation so we can thank you! Forms are also available at the Library.
Urbandale Public Library Foundation, Inc.
The Foundation is a tax-free entity so all contributions are tax deductible. Memorial contributions can also be made to the Urbandale Public Library Foundation. All memorials are posted in the lobby with the name of the person you are honoring and the donor's name. Books, trees, benches, and special collections are all examples of how memorial contributions have been used in the past.
If you are interested in donating materials to the library, please visit our Donate Materials page.
If you would like to discuss your donation with someone, please call the Library Director at 278-3945.