text:
The Importance Of Capital Punishment
1089 Words5 Pages
In 1492, when the Europeans came to the new world, they brought the practice of capital punishment with them ("Part 1:"). Some may ask, "Well, what is capital punishment?" The official definition of capital punishment is "the legally authorized killing of someone as punishment for a crime"("Definition of"). Throughout the years, the death penalty has evolved and has been present in most legal systems around the world. Though, as capital punishment has evolved, so has humans ' sense of right and wrong. These days, many people question the morality of exercising the death penalty. Over half of the country still supports the death penalty, but this is "a drop of 22 percentage points from peak support in 1996"(Kiener). This statistic shows that Americans are beginning to turn from the barbaric laws that are defined as capital punishment. Personally, I believe that the use of capital punishment should be eradicated completely from this world because it is unethical, expensive, not 100 percent accurate, and does not effectively punish the criminal. There are many different types of ways to be legally executed: electric shock, lethal injection, firing squad, etc. Though, no matter which of the many ways a criminal can be executed, it is always barbaric to allow "state-sanctioned murder before a crowd of people"( Messerli). The United States…show more content…
Yes, the death penalty is humiliating for the criminal and may give some sort of closure to the victims ' families, but it is also unethical, expensive, and not 100% accurate. The use of capital punishment is barbaric and final. To kill somebody is a horrible thing to do, even if it is politically allowed. "Hate, revenge, and anger will never cure the emptiness of a lost loved one. Forgiveness is the only way to start the healing process, and this won 't happen in a revenge-focused" world
The death penalty is inhumane. One could say that the death penalty is inhumane because it takes a person's life away in the form of revenge. For example, families of victims tend to be upset toward the suspect and want the ultimate revenge which is the death penalty. People have no right to want a murderer to be put to death because it is inhumane to decide another person's fate and it lowers us to the suspect's level. One could say that it is understandable where the families of victims are coming form on this issue and others should not judge them for that because the families are acting out of anger, but people have no right to decide if another person lives or dies.
Debate On The Use of the Capital Punishment
Then the current social arguments and problems with the death penalty. Finally, we will look at some of the many ethical issues about capital punishment still add to the controversy. (Reggio, History of the Death Penalty) Form the beginning of history, the death penalty has been used around the world as much way to punish people for their crimes. Most countries use that capital punishment are use it for the worst types of crimes for example, murder , treason and spying, many militaries will apply the death penalty and the soldiers or normal people who are doing wrong against their country. In ancient Rome and Greece it was use large range of crimes, and has continued but less the, most places.
Is The Death Penalty Inhumane?
Some states in America are starting to ban the death penalty because they believe it is inhumane. Are Americans ignorant to reality that this country needs the death penalty, or are Americans seeing into the future of a more civilized world? The biggest arguments against the death penalty is that it is cruel; it costs more to kill someone than to have them life in prison, and that there is a chance there is an innocent person being killed. There are more people that are against the death penalty now, then there and are for it. People believe that it is cruel because they think it is inhumane to take away someone 's life no matter what law they have broken."No one has ever come to say that this did not hurt" (5 Arguments).
Statistics also show capital punishment isn't effective as a deterrent to violent crimes. Innocent people will continue to be killed until capital punishment is abolished. The death penalty is nothing new, but that doesn't make it right. A couple hundred years ago, the settlers came to America and their ideas of capital punishment came too. During the early 1600's different colonies had different rules concerning the death penalty.
The History of Capital Punishment as a Deterrent to Crime
According to Wikipedia Encyclopedia, "Capital Punishment is the execution of a person by judicial process as a punishment for an offense." Over the centuries capital punishment has been one of the most controversial debates in our society. The decapitation of criminals and domestic opponents has been used by many of our societies. The purpose of decapitating is to decrease crime rates and have a safe society, but many of Americans today argue that capital punishment is and is not a deterrent. (Wikipedia). Practices of the death penalty have been held in some countries mainly for murder, treason, sexual crimes and many other criminal and non criminal offenses.
Capital Punishment Persuasive Essay
Capital punishment goes against almost every religion. Isolated passages of religious scripture have been quoted in support of the death penalty, almost all religious groups in the United States regard executions as immoral. There is no credible evidence that capital punishment deters crime from the streets in America. Scientific studies have consistently failed to demonstrate that executions deter people from committing crime anymore than long prison sentences. Moreover, states without the death penalty have much lower murder rates.
Death Penalty Versus Life Impisonment
On the flip side, there are arguments based on humanity regarding death penalty being a rather cruel punishment and some based on an economic standpoint as well. Certain alternative punishments have been suggested globally as replacement for death penalty, the most popular one being life imprisonment. Most countries have abolished capital punishment; Amnesty International reports 140 countries around the world to have abandoned killing the offenders. Whether it should be carried out or abolished is one of the most heated topics for debate around the world. HISTORY In the 1700s, a formal legal code was written in Babylonia Called the code of Hammurabi (?)
Capital Punishment Throughout the history of man, the penalty of death was given to criminals who broke the law. Capital Punishment is the extreme penalty for crime (Compton's) and is still in use today in many countries. A criminal can be sentenced to death for various crimes. Even more were the methods used to execute, many being cruel and unusual. There have been many debates on whether or not to abolish the death penalty.
Californias Death Penalty
The Death Penalty has long been a problem in California from costs, deterrence, overcrowded prisons, execution of the innocent and so on. Then if were having all these problems why should we continue using this system? The death penalty is the sentence of execution for murder and other capital crimes. Which are punishable by death? The death penalty is used only in 38 states (www.deathpenalty.org).
Capital Punishment is an Appropriate Penalty For Murder
It is really too bad that if you have money you can get your way out of the death penalty, but money talks in this country. Yes, we should change this policy, but will it ever change? It will probably never change... ... middle of paper ... ...er happens. The death penalty is only handed out to peolpe, who commit horrible immoral crimes like premeditated murder. Does this mean that we should throw out the death penalty because people, who did not really deserve to die, were killed?
More about The Importance Of Capital Punishment


If you love Jalapeno flavored potato chips, you'll love our new Jalapeno Cheddar Popcorn. Made with Sonoran Spice's own jalapenos, it's loaded with cheddar flavor with a nice mild kick of jalapenos. Just try 3 kernels and you're hooked!
Ingredients: Non-GMO white kernel popcorn, partially hydrogenated soybean oil, died cheddar cheese (pasteurized milk, cheese culture, salt enzymes), natural flavors, corn syrup, solids, salt, sodium caseinate, sugar, sodium phosphate, FD&C yellow #5 (E102), lactic acid, FD&C yellow #6 (E110), turmeric extract (E100), Sonoran Spice Jalapeno powder. Contains Soy & milk.


text:
Q: How can I display an AlertDialog from a Class not extending Activity I want to show an Alert Dialog when a user enters a wrong email or password.
The problem is that the class doesn't extend Activity and also the AlertDialog should be in the onPostExecute() of an Asynctask
Here is my code.
package com.example.akshay.registerandlogin;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.util.Log;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpConnectionParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.ArrayList;

/**
 * Created by Akshay on 30-07-2015.
 */
public class ServerWork {

    ProgressDialog progressDialog;
    ProgressDialog pg;
    private static final String REGISTER_URL = "http://www.funvilla.in/test/Register.php";
    private static String LOGIN_URL = "http://www.funvilla.in/test/Login.php";
    private static final int TIMEOUT = 1000 * 15;
    String username,password;
    InputStream is = null;
    BufferedReader br;
    StringBuilder sb;
    UserData user;

    public ServerWork()
    {

    }
    public void RegisterData(Context context) {
       /* progressDialog = new ProgressDialog(context);*/

        new StoreData().execute();
    }

    public void GetDataFromServer(Context context) {
        /*pg = new ProgressDialog(context);*/

        new getData(context).execute();
    }

    public class StoreData extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> {
        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            super.onPreExecute();
         /*   progressDialog.setCancelable(false);
            progressDialog.setTitle("Establishing Connection");
            progressDialog.setMessage("Please Wait......");
            progressDialog.show();
*/
        }

        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {
            Log.e("CHECCCCKKKK" ,user.NAME );
            Log.e("CHECCCCKKKK" ,user.EMAIL );
            Log.e("CHECCCCKKKK" ,user.USERNAME );
            Log.e("CHECCCCKKKK" ,user.PASSWORD );

            ArrayList<NameValuePair> dataToSave = new ArrayList<>();
           dataToSave.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", user.NAME));
            dataToSave.add(new BasicNameValuePair("email", user.EMAIL));
            dataToSave.add(new BasicNameValuePair("age", String.valueOf(user.AGE)));
            dataToSave.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", user.USERNAME));
            dataToSave.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", user.PASSWORD));
            dataToSave.add(new BasicNameValuePair("date", user.DATE));
            dataToSave.add(new BasicNameValuePair("time", user.TIME));

            HttpParams httpParams = new BasicHttpParams();
            HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParams, TIMEOUT);
            HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParams, TIMEOUT);
            HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(httpParams);
            HttpPost post = new HttpPost(REGISTER_URL);

            try {
                post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(dataToSave));
                httpClient.execute(post);
            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                Log.e("HttpClient", "Problem near Line 70 ServerWork.java");
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            return null;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Void aVoid) {

            super.onPostExecute(aVoid);
          /*  progressDialog.dismiss();*/

        }

    }

    public class getData extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> {
Context context;
        public getData(Context context)
        {
            this.context = context.getApplicationContext();
        }
        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {

            super.onPreExecute();
           /* pg.setCancelable(false);
            pg.setTitle("Please Wait");
            pg.setMessage("Establishing Connection");
            pg.show();*/
        }

        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {
            ArrayList<NameValuePair> login = new ArrayList<>();
            login.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", user.USERNAME));
            login.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", user.PASSWORD));
            HttpParams httpparams = new BasicHttpParams();
            HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpparams, TIMEOUT);
            HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpparams, TIMEOUT);
            HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(httpparams);
            String encodedURl = URLEncodedUtils.format(login, "utf-8");
            LOGIN_URL += "?" + encodedURl;
            HttpGet get = new HttpGet(LOGIN_URL);
            try {
                HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
                is = entity.getContent();

            } catch (IOException e) {

                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            String line = null;
            sb = new StringBuilder();
            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
            try {
                while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
                    sb.append(line + "\n");
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            Log.e("check", sb.toString());
            try {
                JSONObject object = new JSONObject(sb.toString());
                String name = object.getString("name");
                String email = object.getString("email");
                int age = object.getInt("age");
                username = object.getString("username");
                password = object.getString("password");
                Log.e("check", name);
                Log.e("check", email);
                Log.e("check", String.valueOf(age));
                Log.e("check", username);
            } catch (JSONException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            return null;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Void aVoid) {

            super.onPostExecute(aVoid);
            /*pg.dismiss();*/

            if((UserData.USERNAME).equals(username) && UserData.PASSWORD.equals(password))
            {
                context.startActivity(new Intent(context,MainActivity.class).addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK));
            }
            else
            {

               AlertDialog.Builder m = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);
                m.setMessage("Wrong pass");
                m.show();
            }

        }
    }
}

A: You can do it by various component like Interfaces or Broadcast Receivers but I would suggest to use [Otto]: http://square.github.io/otto/ as it is quite simple to use and also your code readability will be increase. You will find a running example here :- http://www.cardinalsolutions.com/blog/2015/02/event-bus-on-android

A: You will have to pass the activity and context  to other class that is not extending class like
Example
Method(Context context , Activity activity)
{
startActivity( new intent(this , alertDialogClass.class)
}

In the alertDialogClass use the context and activity to show alert dialogbox

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Lehigh Valley hospitals call for donations of supplies amid coronavirus outbreak
Updated: Mar. 22, 2020, 1:49 p.m. | Published: Mar. 22, 2020, 10:39 a.m.
Lehigh Valley hospitals are asking employees, patients and community partners to donate supplies amid the coronavirus outbreak.
St. Luke's University Health Network and nearby Hunterdon County Office of Emergency Management both are in need as statewide health organizations prepare for shortages that could happen as the number of coronavirus cases continues to grow. In Pennsylvania, the number of new cases totaled 371 Saturday with the second death reported by the Allegheny County Health Department.
St. Luke's is asking for such items as surgical masks, N95 masks, goggles, face shields, vinyl gloves, hand sanitizer, and Lysol and Clorox products, including wipes. The network also is accepting hospital-grade cleaning supplies and disinfectant. Hunterdon County emergency responders and healthcare workers are seeking eye protectors; face shields; goggles; sterile gowns; medically-rated gloves; both regular, surgical and procedural masks, alternative respirators approved by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration; disinfectant wipes; and other disinfectant products.
"There is a nationwide shortage in the supply chain and you can help," the Hunterdon County Chamber of Commerce and Hunterdon County Economic Development stated in an email.
For St. Luke's to make its own masks, the health network needs supplies such as cotton, denim, duck cloth, canvas, twill, silk or other tight woven fabric, as well as elastic and rubber bands. Drop-off locations include the following places: 501 Cetronia Road, Allentown area; 2402 MacArthur Road, Whitehall Township; 153 Brodhead Road, Bethlehem; 487 East Moorestown Rd., Wind Gap; 200 Stryker's Road, Phillipsburg; 157 West End Blvd, Quakertown, Bucks County; 9 Dave's Way, Hamburg, Berks County; 575 S. 9th St., Lehighton, Carbon County; and 111 Route 715, Brodheadsville, Monroe County.
St. Luke's states companies can arrange pickups by calling 610-739-9332 or emailing Benjamin.Guerin@sluhn.org. Those with questions can call 1-866-STLUKES (785-8537), option 7. In Hunterdon County, donation forms can be downloaded here.
Some organizations and businesses across the Lehigh Valley already were lending a hand this past weekend. Christmas City Spirits posted on its Facebook page it was donating 27 gallons of bulk sanitizer to St. Luke's, as well as other emergency responders. An additional 80 gallons also was coming, the post stated.
Pamela Sroka-Holzmann may be reached at pholzmann@lehighvalleylive.com. If there's anything about this story that needs attention, please email her. Follow her on Twitter @pamholzmann. Find lehighvalleylive.com on Facebook.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A few days after we published an extensive article about Kid Cudi's influence on a generation, we get to hear what he has been working on lately.
While many would argue that his newer releases are nowhere near as impactful as Man On The Moon, Passion, Pain & Demon Slayin' offered hope that Cudi could still release influential and firey albums.
We have not heard a solo Kid Cudi track in quite some time so the introduction of "The Rage" is thrilling.
The track blends a few of the styles that Cudi has worked with over the years as the artist's hypnotic hums can still be heard throughout the song.
With a hook that recalls the highly-criticized Speedin' Bullet 2 Heaven, the rest of the cut is reminiscent of a sound that most love from the Cleveland singer.
The song will be included within the soundtrack for Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson's new movie Rampage, which hits theaters tonight.
Possibly having worked with Kanye West on his album in Wyoming, this may not be the last we hear from Cudi this year.
Although his releases have been sparse throughout the years, the man has proven to us all that he has the capacity to create beautiful, timeless and ageless musical products for us all to enjoy. Check out "The Rage" and let us know what you think.


text:
SYNONYM

#### According to
The Catalogue of Life, 3rd January 2011

#### Published in
Mycologia 23: 277 (1931)

#### Original name
Nematosporangium thysanohyphalon Sideris, 1931

### Remarks
null

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


These elegant court shoes by Vagabond are made from smooth leather. Their block heel is 65 mm high. With leather inner sole and a rubber sole. These court shoes are the proper choice for slim feet with their width F.


1. Are you a black-owned business? Yes, we are. We are 100% black-owned and operated.
3. Will unavailable/out-of-stock items be restocked? If an item on our website does not show a "ship on or before date" most likely it will not be restocked.
5. How accurate are your sizing charts? The charts are estimates only. If you normally wear a large; order a large. If you normally wear a 3XL; order a 3XL. In other words, please order the size you normally wear. Size charts are located on the bottom of each product page. Remember all size charts are ESTIMATES ONLY!
7. Are your clothing "true to size"? Yes. If any of our items run smaller or larger it will be indicated on the product's detail page. Size charts are located on the bottom of the product's pages but remember all size charts are ESTIMATES ONLY!
8. Can I place my order by phone? Yes, 803-599-2321.
9. The website is saying my zip code is invalid or incorrect. HELP! Usually, this occurs when the zip code the customer is providing does not match the zip code on file with their credit card company. The customer needs to contact their credit card company and update the zip code associated with their credit card.
10. What equipment do I need with the DVDs? All equipment needed is listed on the DVD's product page in the "description" section.
11. Does Brick Built offer fitness classes, diet advice or personal training? No, we do not. Brick Built is an apparel/equipment company.
12. Do Brick Built have an affiliate program? Currently, we do not.
13. Does Brick Built offer discounts? We often send out discount codes to our customers. Please make sure you are on our mailing list.
14. Why did I get an email from Brick Built stating my order was flagged and I need to provide additional verification? Sometimes our billing system may flag a customer's transaction. In this case, we will need to contact you via email and phone to verify your identity and credit card info before we can ship your order. We will need to confirm that you are indeed the owner of the card used and you have full knowledge of the transaction. You may also be asked to provide us with a photocopy of your State Issued Driver's Licence and the last 4 digits of the credit card used during the transaction. This verification step lowers the chances of fraud to you the customer and to our business. We appreciate your understanding.
15. Can I get Signature Confirmation added to my order? Yes. If you are unsure about your shipping area and do not want the mail carrier to leave your package unattended, you can add Signature Confirmation during your check-out process. You will see the option to add it before you complete the checkout process.
16. Where are you located? We are located in Columbia, SC. Your products are not dropped-ship from other companies or countries. Everything you order form Brick Built is shipped from our warehouse in South Carolina. Therefore, you will not have to wait weeks and weeks for your items.
17. How do I contact Brick Built?
18. Does Brick Built do special/custom orders? Unfortunately, we do not.
Outside of business hours and holidays, we will reply to all emails the next business day.


TROY, MI–The Concours d'Elegance of America is pleased to announce the featured and traditional classes for the 2012 Concours d'Elegance of America at St. John's. Over 300 cars will be on the show field, making it the one of the largest displays of historically important automobiles in the world. The 34th Annual Concours d'Elegance of America will be held at The Inn at St. John's, Plymouth, MI, on Sunday, July 29, 2012, from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.
In the Classic era the custom coach building trade reached new heights in styling and design. Although the Great Depression affected the automobile industry in sales volume, it also inspired designers to reach out and develop new looks that attracted the buying public's attention. The Concours at St. John's recognizes the excellence in design of this period and will continue to feature the superb and wonderful expressions of this automobile design.
During this period the Great Depression was subsiding and automobile styling entered a new era. No longer were designs tied to the past. The airplane began to influence styling, and streamlining became a major factor in car design. The radiators and windshields now sloped, headlights were integrated into the body, the running board disappeared and the entire body shape evolved into the modern idiom. The early 1940s automobile design had made a complete separation from the design of the early 1930s while looking to the future. In keeping with the emphasis on styling, which has always been important at all Concours, St. John's continues to display the finest design from every era.
Examples from the glory days of the Trans-Am (1966 to 1972) when the racers were primarily modified versions of the road-going car will include early American pony cars and many European marques.
Manufacturers such as McLaren, Chaparral, Lola, BRM, Shadow and Porsche were among the first race cars to sport wings, effective turbocharging, ground-effect aerodynamics, and revolutionary materials such as titanium and carbon fiber in the Can-Am (Canada-American) sports car racing series from 1966 to 1986.
Some of the finest early specimens of these two iconic brands will be displayed head to head.
"Vintage Three Wheel Motorcycles" with a focus on design, historical significance, original condition and restoration.
The selection process is underway with many invitations already mailed. Nominations received before December 31will be reviewed on a priority basis. Nomination forms are available at the Concours website: www.concoursusa.org. Further information regarding specific automobiles will be released in the coming months.
In 2011, the Concours d'Elegance of America moved to The Inn at St. John's in Plymouth, Michigan after 32 years at Meadow Brook Hall in Rochester, Michigan. Attendees, exhibitors and sponsors highly praised our new location. With the larger show field, onsite hotel, beautiful weather and many ancillary events, the 2011 Concours was deemed a great success.
Refer to our website for updates and 2012 event and ticket information: www.concoursusa.org. Also visit our Facebook page and feel free to make comments.


text:
David N Figlio
Professor, School of Education and Social Policy
Professor, Economics
Dean (Academic), School of Education and Social Policy
Human Development and Social Policy PhD Program
Professor, IPR - Institute for Policy Research
Orrington Lunt Professor, IPR - Institute for Policy Research
Phone847/491-8193
Emailfiglio@northwestern.edu
2861 Citations
Professor Figlio conducts research on a wide range of education and health policy issues from school accountability and standards to welfare policy and policy design. His current research projects involve studying the interrelationship between health and education, the ways in which parents confer advantage and disadvantage to their children, and the role of educational institutions in affecting these relationships; higher education policies and practices such as online education and educational staffing; K-12 education policies such as school accountability, school choice, and teacher tenure; and early childhood health and education policies such as early interventions for autism spectrum disorders.
Education/Academic qualification
Economics, PhD, University of Wisconsin-Madison
… → 1995
Economics, MS, University of Wisconsin-Madison
Business Economics and Public Policy, BS, George Washington University
Dive into the research topics where David N Figlio is active. These topic labels come from the works of this person. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
School Accountability Business & Economics
Public Schools Business & Economics
Test Scores Business & Economics
direct investment Social Sciences
Accountability Business & Economics
foreign investment Social Sciences
Private Schools Business & Economics
School Districts Business & Economics
Grants per year
11 Active
16 Finished
The Northwestern-Evanston Education Research Alliance (NEERA): Designing for Equity and Excellence in Education
Figlio, D. N.
Doris Duke Charitable Foundation
William T Grant Foundation
research practice
Diversity in School: Immigrants and the Educational Performance of US-born Students
Figlio, D. N. & Sapienza, P.
Russell Sage Foundation
5/1/20 → 10/31/21
Housing Market Wealth, School Choice, and Student Outcomes
Anonymous Foundation (VIII)
The Northwestern – Chicago Public Schools Rapid Impact Grants Program
Steans Family Foundation
school research
View all 27 grants
An extra year to learn English? Early grade retention and the human capital development of English learners
Figlio, D. & Özek, U., Jun 2020, In: Journal of Public Economics. 186, 104184.
Regression Discontinuity Design
Micro Data
Birth order and delinquency: Evidence from Denmark and Florida
Breining, S., Doyle, J., Figlio, D. N., Karbownik, K. & Roth, J., Jan 1 2020, In: Journal of Labor Economics. 38, 1, p. 95-142 48 p.
The developmental consequences of superfund sites
Persico, C., Figlio, D. & Roth, J., Oct 1 2020, In: Journal of Labor Economics. 38, 4, p. 1055-1097 43 p.
Birth Outcomes
The economics of school accountability
Figlio, D. N. & Ladd, H. F., Jan 20 2020, The Economics of Education: A Comprehensive Overview. Elsevier, p. 567-575 9 p.
The role of neonatal health i n the i nci dence of chi ldhood di sabi li ty
Elder, T., Figlio, D., Imberman, S. & Persico, C., Mar 1 2020, In: American Journal of Health Economics. 6, 2, p. 216-250 35 p.
Birth Weight
Northwestern Scholars contact form


text:
package ucar.nc2.iosp.zarr;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import ucar.ma2.Array;
import ucar.ma2.DataType;
import ucar.ma2.Section;
import ucar.nc2.Group;
import ucar.nc2.NetcdfFile;
import ucar.nc2.Variable;
import ucar.nc2.iosp.*;
import ucar.nc2.util.CancelTask;
import ucar.unidata.io.RandomAccessFile;
import ucar.unidata.io.zarr.RandomAccessDirectory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;

/**
 * IOSP for reading/writing Zarr/NCZarr formats
 */
public class ZarrIosp extends AbstractIOServiceProvider {

  static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MethodHandles.lookup().lookupClass());

  private static final String fileTypeId = "Zarr";
  private static final String fileTypeDescription = "Zarr v2 formatted dataset";

  private ZarrHeader header;

  @Override
  public boolean isValidFile(RandomAccessFile raf) {
    return raf.isDirectory();
  }

  @Override
  public String getFileTypeId() {
    return fileTypeId;
  }

  @Override
  public String getFileTypeDescription() {
    return fileTypeDescription;
  }

  @Override
  public boolean isBuilder() {
    return true;
  }

  @Override
  public void build(RandomAccessFile raf, Group.Builder rootGroup, CancelTask cancelTask) throws IOException {
    super.open(raf, null, cancelTask);
    header = new ZarrHeader((RandomAccessDirectory) raf, rootGroup);
    header.read(); // build CDM from Zarr
  }

  @Override
  public void buildFinish(NetcdfFile ncfile) {} // NO-OP

  @Override
  public Array readData(Variable v2, Section section) {
    // find variable in RAF
    ZarrHeader.VInfo vinfo = (ZarrHeader.VInfo) v2.getSPobject();
    DataType dataType = v2.getDataType();
    logger.debug("DataType is '{}'", dataType);

    Object fillValue = getFillValue(vinfo, dataType);

    // create layout object
    Layout layout = new ZarrLayoutBB(v2, section, this.raf);
    Object data = IospHelper.readDataFill((LayoutBB) layout, dataType, fillValue);

    Array array = Array.factory(dataType, section.getShape(), data);
    if (vinfo.getOrder() == ZArray.Order.F) {
      int n = v2.getDimensions().size();
      int[] dims = new int[n];
      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        dims[i] = n - i - 1;
      }
      array = array.permute(dims);
    }

    return array;
  }

  private Object getFillValue(ZarrHeader.VInfo vinfo, DataType dataType) {

    // Watch for floating point fill values encoded as Strings
    final Object fillValueObj = vinfo.getFillValue();

    Object fillValue = fillValueObj;

    if (fillValueObj instanceof String) {
      final String fillValueStr = (String) fillValueObj;
      logger.debug("Fill value is String with value '{}'", fillValueStr);
      if (dataType.isString()) {
        return fillValueStr;
      }

      if (fillValueStr.isEmpty()) {
        return null;
      } else {
        switch (dataType) {
          case FLOAT:
            if ("NaN".equals(fillValueStr)) {
              fillValue = Float.NaN;
            } else if ("Infinity".equals(fillValueStr)) {
              fillValue = Float.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
            } else if ("-Infinity".equals(fillValueStr)) {
              fillValue = Float.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
            } else {
              logger.debug("String value '{}' not handled for float fill value", fillValueStr);
            }
            break;

          case DOUBLE:
            if ("NaN".equals(fillValueStr)) {
              fillValue = Double.NaN;
            } else if ("Infinity".equals(fillValueStr)) {
              fillValue = Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
            } else if ("-Infinity".equals(fillValueStr)) {
              fillValue = Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
            } else {
              logger.debug("String value '{}' not handled for double fill value", fillValueStr);
            }
            break;

          default:
            logger.debug("String value '{}' not handled for {} fill value", fillValueStr, dataType);
            break;
        }
      }
    }
    return fillValue;
  }
}


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text:
New report shows victims, offenders and community services all unhappy with the justice system
A new report has revealed most people working within the justice system think it is ineffective.
The Safe and Effective Advisory Group undertook an independent survey of thousands of victims, prisoners and community services.
Group Chair Chester Borrows says the system is withholding everything that would fix prisoners' problems, and everyone involved in the system is unhappy.
Report calls for 'urgent' reform of New Zealand's justice system
Jacinda Ardern asks Minister of Justice to look at prisoners' custody rights
Andrew Little kicks off 'real change' to the justice system
"[The overarching theme is] complete frustration and desperation - no one in the justice system is happy," he told The AM Show on Monday.
He says the system needs a complete overwrite, and a much better focus on rehabilitation.
"These people are ours to deal with. You work with them as soon as you possibly can - you don't do something like wait until they've done four years of a six-year sentence before you try and fix anything."
Borrows says everyone is getting kicked around by the system.
"You need to stop treating people like crap. Half the crime is committed on and by the same 4 percent of people,"
"How you change it is by treating people humanely, both victims and offenders," said Borrows.
"This tough on crime stuff is bullshit and it's never worked anywhere in the world."
In order to enact meaningful change in the justice system. Borrows is calling for better rehabilitation of prisoners.
"We don't do a whole lot of really valuable rehabilitation in prison. You've got people there who their main issue in mental health, and maybe they should have some other place."
Borrows says the response to the report will fuel change for the future.
"You can't flick a switch and change it overnight but you can [enact change] if you get everyone moving in the same direction," he said.
"This is one of the biggest problems in the justice system there's no central person or entity that has all those difference portfolios of injustice, Oranga Tamariki, Ministry of Justice, corrections, police.
"If we keep going how we're going with no changes we'll have a prison population of 20,000."
Borrows call for change is supported by victims advocate groups, who say the treatment of victims in the justice system is horrendous
"What we hope from here is there will be a roadmap for the ministry to have a work plan but it needs to be urgent because it's literally dealing with people's lives," said victims advocate Ruth Money.
"These are things survivors have been suffering through for years and years and years so we welcome anything that would change the dialogue on that."
Minister of Justice Andrew Little says he welcomes the report.
"This report follows comprehensive engagement with the community and shows New Zealanders want to see less offending, less re-offending and enduring transformation in the justice system," said Little in a statement on Sunday.
"The overwhelming sense is that we can make change for the better and deliver safer and more effective justice for all New Zealanders."
Little says The Safe and Effective Advisory Group is now working with the Government to develop reform options to contribute to a safer and more effective justice system.
Newshub.


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You should place your form strategically on your home page where it will be noticed. It does not have to be large. A simple box on the side of the page will do fine.
Something I learnt from Mark Joyner (ForeverWeb and ROIBOT) is that if you include the word "BECAUSE" your newsletter subscription will skyrocket. Give your visitors a reason to subscribe. You could offer them free information, access to a members area, or something that will be of real value to them. You can get some ideas from our "free" page on our website.
If cgi scripts are beyond you at the moment, you can get a free form at Bravenet.com. With this option you don't need to know how to upload the scripts. All you will have to do is copy and paste some HTML code onto your webpage. Bravenet hosts your form and sends you a notification whenever someone submits it.
For those who don't know, a form works like this. You upload a form script to the "cgi-bin" on your website server (where you host your site). You then put some HTML code on your webpage. When someone fills in the form and clicks on the "Submit" or "Send" button, the information is sent to the "cgi bin" on your website server. The script you have put on your server (form handler) "handles" this information and sends you the results of the form. It will take you a few hours to get it to work properly, but believe me, if you are getting website traffic and don't yet have a form, you are certainly losing sales.
A form will also allow you to redirect the visitor to a thank-you page. Take advantage of this and make sure you redirect them to your special offer page.
Once your form is set up you can get it to send any email addresses either to you or to a newsletter server. If the cgi script sends YOU the form details you will have to manually copy and paste the details into a mailing list.
However you can automate this by sending the details to a newsletter server where visitors can subscribe and unsubscribe automatically. Automation of your newsletter management will save you time and let you concentrate on promotion and marketing.
Threre are a number of sites on the web which will let you start off your own mailing list such as ListBot, eGroups, and Topica. However you will also have to display their ads on your newsletter and sometimes there are delays in sending out your newsletter because of the number of free users. The above services are largely used for discussion groups so always have heavy traffic.
However if you want more control over your newsletter, you can get an excellent free script called MailMachine from Mike'sWorld. This gives your mailing list a bit more class, and you can be more certain that your newsletter is reaching your subscribers on time. You can send your newsletters out from the admin login via the web.
If you need an easy solution to handle your newsletter you can go one step further and get ROIBOT newsletter server. This is a complete solution that can personalise your newsletter, allow you to schedule it to go out to your mailing lists even when you are away, and the cost is minimal. You can also have an unlimited number of lists of any size.
You also need to format it to between 55 or 65 characters a line BECAUSE: a) it is easier to read short lines b)many people set their email programs to read only 65 characters so if you wrote your newsletter with 80 characters, the lines would appear broken.
There is an excellent free application called eZine Assistant that will do all this for you. Ezine assistant can be downloaded free from our downloads gateway - (http://www.TheWebsEye.com/downloads.htm).
Now you are ready to roll. Simply cut and paste your newsletter from your eZine Assistant or other text editor into the online form on your website and send it out to your mailing list.
Richard Igoe is the owner of (http://TheWebsEye.com), a resource center providing valuable free tools for website design, promotion and marketing.


How Do You Handle Employee Side Jobs?
This month's topic has been a subject of discussion for years around the RoofersCoffeeShop.com. Read this lively discussion on our Forum linked Here from 10 years ago and you will see this challenge is still relevant today. Many of today's contractors started out doing work on the side so this a very important topic to address for your business.
Please follow along to see these great ideas and policies presented from our Roofing Influencers.


text:
Q: How to return an int array of a given length that comes from PI The code bellow is supposed to return the value  of PI in an array of a given length.
Once i run this code the console shows: 0000System.Int32[].
Console.WriteLine(newPi[i]); should print out 3141 which is the newPi.
Bellow is where i got so far:
namespace MakePi
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(MakePi(4));
            Console.ReadLine();

        }
        public static int[] MakePi(int n)
        {
            double pi = Math.PI;
            string piString = pi.ToString().Remove(1, 1);
            int[] newPi = new int[n];

            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            {
                Console.Write(newPi[i]);
            }
            return newPi;
        }
    }
}

I think the mistake is at int[] newPi = new int[n]; but i still got some difficulties fixing it, could someone help?

A: You need to assign the values to the newPi array. Get the character at the index i, parse it to an int, and assign it to newPi[i].
private static void Main(string[] args)
{
    MakePi(4);
    Console.ReadLine();
}

public static int[] MakePi(int n)
{
    var pi = Math.PI;
    var piString = pi.ToString().Remove(1, 1);
    var newPi = new int[n];

    for (var i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        newPi[i] = int.Parse(piString[i].ToString());
        Console.Write(newPi[i]);
    }
    return newPi;
}

Result:

3141

You are also seeing System.Int32[] because you are printing out the string representation of the array, which does not actually print the contents.

A: newPi is an int array, each element having the value 0 by default. Since you don't do anything with them, these values will remain 0.
You're also printing the newPi object for some reason, since that's what's returned from MakePi(4). Here:
Console.WriteLine(MakePi(4));

A: EDIT: With an assist from Cryal, the below code should help
Your problem is that you are not assigning any values to the array, you are just attempting to print them out.
If I am understand your code correctly you are missing the following line:
newPi[i] = Int32.Parse(piString)
What this will do is take your pi string and convert it back to an integer and then place that integer within the array at the specific index of i
End result should look something like this:
namespace MakePi
{
    public  class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(MakePi(4));
            Console.ReadLine();

        }
        public static int[] MakePi(int n)
        {
            double pi = Math.PI;
            string piString = pi.ToString().Remove(1, 1);

            Console.WriteLine(piString);

            int[] newPi = new int[n];

            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            {
                //Console.WriteLine("i:"+i);
                newPi[i] = (int)char.GetNumericValue(piString[i]);
                Console.Write(newPi[i]);
            }
            return newPi;
        }
    }
}

A:     public static int[] MakePi(int n)
    {

        var pi = Math.PI;
        var piString = pi.ToString().Remove(1, 1);
        var newPi = new int[n];

        for (var i = 0; i < newPi.Count() ; i++)
        {
            int.TryParse(piString.Substring(i, 1), out newPi[i]);
            Console.WriteLine(newPi[i]);
        }

        return newPi;
    }

You never added any value into the array.
edited my answer due to a miss previously. This will crash if you go above the length of piString, maybe add an if to check the size.


North Eastern Space Applications Centre (NESAC) is an autonomous body set up under the joint initiative of Department of Space (DOS) and the North Eastern Council (NEC). The main function of the Centre is to provide developmental support to the North Eastern Region (NER) of our country using space science and technology.
NESAC proposes to recruit the following positions of Junior Research Fellow (JRF) purely on temporary basis for various projects.
08 01 Setting up a Hydro- meteorological Network for Ranganadi Hydro-Electric Power Project M.Tech/M.E in Computer Science/Information Technology/Instrumentation/Electronics and Tele- communication or equivalent subject. OR B.Tech/B.E in Computer Science/Information Technology/Instrumentation/Electronics and Telecommunication or equivalent with NET/GATE or equivalent qualified** OR M.Sc in Physics/Atmospheric Science/ MeteorologyOR equivalent** subject with NET/GATE or equivalent** OR M.Sc in Physics/Atmospheric Science/ Meteorology with N-JET in Atmospheric Science Specialization Programming knowledge in FORTRAN, MATLAB and familiarization with LINUX.
Fellowship amount: 25000/- In addition HRA and medical benefits will be allowed as per rules.
In addition to the above mentioned fellowship amount, HRA at the prescribed rates in force at the place of posting will be paid and Medical benefits for self only will be allowed as per extant rules. The fellowship amount shall be taken as Basic pay for this purpose.
JRFs are eligible only for casual leave. Maternity leave as per Govt. of India instructions would be available to all female JRFs. Apart from this, the candidates selected will not be entitled to any benefits or concessions admissible to regular employees.
All India Competitive Examination (AICE) conducted by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research.
NET/NET Equivalent qualifications should be in the discipline/specialization of the essential qualification.
Number of positions indicated above is provisional and may vary depending on the actual requirement.
M.Sc/B.Tech/B.E degree should be in first class with an aggregate minimum of 65% (average of all semesters) or CGPA/CPI grading of 6.84 on a 10 scale or equivalent.
Rounding-off marks is not allowed.
Maximum Age 28 years as on 25.11.2018 but relaxable by 5 years in case of SC/ST and 3 years in case of OBC candidates. Persons with Disabilities are eligible for age relaxation as per Government of India orders. Age relaxation as per Government of India orders are applicable to Ex-Servicemen, Persons with Disabilities (PWD).
All the above posts are purely on contractual basis and co-terminus with the project without any provision for regularization. Junior Research Fellows will be engaged initially for ONE YEAR or the period of the Project whichever is earlier and is extendable for further periods based on assessment of their work and requirement of project. The maximum period of engagement of Junior Research Fellow shall not exceed FIVE years. The fellowship will not confer any claim or right for regular appointment in any of ISRO/DOS Centres.
The application form will be hosted in the NESAC web-site www.nesac.gov.in from 05.11.2018. Last date for submission of On-line Application Forms is 25.11.2018 and closing time will be 16.00 Hrs. Candidates need to apply through online mode only. After registration take a print out of the application summary and the print-out is to be brought along with passport size photograph and documents supporting the data furnished in application at the time of Interview. Please note that site will not be open for printing after 15:00 hours of 02.12.2018. Registration Number should be recorded by the Candidate for all future correspondences with NESAC with regard to this advertisement.
The qualification prescribed is the minimum requirement and possession of the same does not automatically make the candidates eligible to be called for interview. A duly constituted Screening Committee shall screen the applications received for the posts based on the given eligibility conditions and may fix criteria as it may consider necessary for shortlisting the candidates for interview. In case candidate is claiming equivalent specialization, he/she has to obtain certificate from his/her institute/university stating that the specialization is equivalent to the one asked in the advertisement for the post applied for. Final decision on this will be taken by the Screening Committee. The screened-in/shortlisted candidates will be called for interview before the Selection Committee. Communication shall be sent only to the screened-in/shortlisted candidates. NESAC will not entertain any correspondence on the issue of short-listing of candidates. The call letters for the interview to the short-listed candidates will be sent only by e-mail. No communication shall be made to the candidates who are not short-listed/Screened in. Candidates who do not fulfill eligibility condition will not be considered for the interview.
*** N-JET (NESAC JRF Eligibility Test): The N-JET 2017 and N-JET 2018 was conducted at NESAC on 23.03.2017 and 13.03.2018 respectively. Candidates having valid Score Cards may apply directly.
Number of positions indicated above are provisional and may vary depending on the actual requirement.
M.Tech/ME or its equivalent degree should be in first class with an aggregate minimum of 60% or CGPA/CPI grading of 6.5 on a 10 scale or equivalent and pre-eligibility qualification for M.Tech/ME or its equivalent should also be in first class with an aggregate of 65% (average of all semesters) or CGPA/CPI grading of 6.84 on a 10 scale or equivalent.
M.Sc. degree should be in first class with an aggregate minimum of 65% (average of all semesters) or CGPA/CPI grading of 6.5 on a 10 scale or equivalent. Rounding-off marks is not allowed.
The selected candidates shall be posted at NESAC, Umiam but are also liable to be posted in any place in India at the discretion of Director, NESAC as and when required.
Candidates called for interview will have to produce all relevant original documents in proof of details furnished in the application along with a set of self-attested photocopies. Candidates who are already employed under Central/State Government, Public Sector Undertakings or Autonomous Bodies will also have to produce the 'No Objection Certificate', in original including print out of the application summary, at the time of interview. In case the candidate fails to produce any of the above documents or if any information furnished in the application is found to be wrong or false, the candidate will not be interviewed.
The selected JRFs are encouraged to register for Ph.D from recognized universities and take up relevant research topic benefitting the individual and NESAC. However they have to work extra time to complete the Ph.D research. No leave is admissible for Ph.D work.
25.11.2018 will be cut-off date for all purposes like age, qualification, etc.
It is for the candidate to ensure that he / she fulfills the eligibility criteria and complies with the requirements and adheres to the instructions contained in this advertisement as well as in the application form. Candidates are, therefore, urged to carefully read the advertisement and complete the application form and submit the same as per instructions given in this regard.
CLOSING DATE FOR SUBMISSION OF ONLINE RECRUITMENT APPLICATION THROUGH NESAC WEBSITE IS EXTENDED TO 03.12.2018 AT 14.00 HRS.


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"Wejdeen (ready)?" Abdelrahman asked, glancing back at us through the rear-view mirror. We secured the last of the materials and nodded in response. Dar Si Hmad's dedicated driver, technician, and all-around go-to guy revved the engine of the white Range Rover. And we were off. Off to the first Water School session of the year. Within ten minutes, we had left Sidi Ifni city-limits and found ourselves whipping through the countryside dotted with spindly argan trees and rows of cacti. The Rover trundled around sharp curves in the road, dipping down into rocky ravines and crossing precarious bridges over desiccated streambeds. Each bend and turn revealed spectacular vistas of the rolling, green peaks of the Anti-Atlas Mountains. At a small sign reading "Projet de brouillard", signifying the location of the Fog-Harvesting Project, we turned left. The paved two-lane highway was abruptly replaced by a dusty dirt road, and Abdelrahman expertly shifted to four-wheel drive. Bouncing and bumping down the path that led to the small community of Tnin Amelou, we arrived at the gated entrance of the schoolyard. Sitting in the shade cast by the stark, two-room school were 40 children waiting in anticipation for the first Water School lesson.
Dar Si Hmad's new video series "Streaming the Water School" shares vignettes highlighting different elements of the Water School. The first installment, "Where It Happens," captures the remote location of the villages of Tnin Amelou and Id Aachour in Aït Baamrane, the classrooms where students learn about the unique ecology of their communities, and the schoolyard where the children take what they have learned outside to explore the natural realities of their world. The rural villages of Aït Baamrane just 30 kilometers southeast of Sidi Ifni are poised at the intersections of the Sahara, the Atlas Mountains, and the Atlantic Ocean. Its distinctive geography contributes to beautiful landscapes and a rich cultural heritage, but also limited economic opportunities, poor educational infrastructure, encroaching desertification, and increasing drought cycles.
To combat these challenges, Dar Si Hmad's Water School leverages the local environment as a learning tool to engage students ages 7-14 with hands-on activities to encourage sustainable management of natural resources and ensure the region's socio-ecological vitality. The Water School responds directly to the environmental needs of Aït Baamrane's next generation, providing them with access to a greater quality of education today and equipping them with the skills their communities will need tomorrow.
Each of our seven Water School lessons encourages students to celebrate water in their communities and to implement sustainable water management practices by providing hands-on, engaging activities that teach them the science and ecology of water. In the first lesson on "The Water Cycle," students gained a deeper understanding of the water cycle and the distribution of water in their communities by creating their own stories on the journey of a water droplet. To celebrate World Wildlife Day in the second session on "Animal Biology," students made animal masks and understood how the future of wildlife rests in their hands. In the upcoming "Plant Life" lesson, students will learn to identify different plants in their communities and understand how humans and plants are connected through water.
Next month, students will apply what they learned about plants to build a community garden near their school. Through the "Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) session," they will use microscopes to see the differences between clean and dirty water and implement good hygiene practices in their daily lives. They will also be participating in a village cleanup and learning about how they can use their family's grey water for different purposes in the "Pollution, Recycling, and Conservation" lesson at the end of April. The last session in May, "Protecting Aquatic Ecosystems," will introduce students to the different marine life throughout Morocco as well as reinforce the concepts of sustainability and conservation to preserve the biodiversity within their communities and Morocco.
Since water is a precious and newly accessible commodity in these communities, the curriculum encourages children to explore water conservation and to better understand the fog harvesting technology their villages are benefitting from. Educating youth on the importance of proper management of water and natural resources is critical to ensuring the region's socio-ecological vitality and working towards a more sustainable Morocco.
On Tuesday, we celebrated World Water Day. This year's theme was "Water and Jobs". In Tuesday's blog post, we highlighted Zaina and Hussein, two Aït Baamrane natives who are employed by Dar Si Hmad's fog project. Abdelrahman, our fabulous driver, and Fatiha, our fantastic Water School teacher featured in this post about World Wildlife Day, are two others whose jobs are directly related to the water sector. But for Dar Si Hmad, every day is Water Day, and all of us depend on healthy ecosystems! Our Water School is about working with young people to understand the links between the natural environment, society, and ourselves. Learn more by following us on YouTube to catch more installments of our "Streaming the Water School" series. You can read more about our fog-harvesting project in this recent article in The New Yorker and follow us on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Flickr to hear the latest from Dar Si Hmad. We hope you'll join us in promoting sustainable livelihoods, community resilience, youth empowerment, and environmental justice in Southwest Morocco.


text:
Annfield Plain Infant School
Northgate, Annfield Plain, Stanley, County Durham, DH9 7UY
Aims & Vision
Premium Allocations
Childcare Provision
Mini Buds
The Energy Team
Our Year Groups
Disability & Accessibility
HAPI Volunteers
Home / About Us / School Admissions
At present a maximum of 40 children can be admitted to each year group. In the event of more applications being received than the admission allows, the Local Education Authority, in consultation with school will allocate available places.
A full copy of the admissions criteria can be obtained on request from school or click on the link below. Parents of children who cannot be admitted have the right to appeal to an Appeals Committee against the decision not to admit their child. Parents are welcome to visit the school when considering whether to apply for admission for their child, preferably bringing their child with them to view the school also.
Applications for primary school places 2021/22
Applications are now open for a place at our school commencing September 2021.
Children born between 1 September 2016 and 31 August 2017 will be eligible to start in our reception year.
Applications will close on Friday 15 January 2021.
To apply for your little one's place click here: Apply now
Click here to take a look around our school Pure Imagination 2020
Or watch our short film to see what our children have to say about Annfield Plain Infant School. Written and created by them, this is a great insight into our wonderful world.
For more general information regarding the school admission process click here: School admission process This includes:
An explanation of the process for applying for a school place, including important dates
The selection process
Over-subscription criteria
Details of when offers of places will be communicated to parents
How applications can be made outside of the normal procedure and how they will be dealt with
Dates of when any waiting list will be held until following communication for offers of places.
For information concerning appeals against an admission decision, including when and how appeals will be heard, visit: School admissions-appeals.
Annfield Plain Infant School's admission arrangements comply with The School Admissions Code and The School Admissions Appeal Code.
Visit the Durham County Council website for information regarding the school admission process and primary school admissions. To appeal against an admission decision visit: School admissions-appeals.
Applications for junior school places 2021/22
Applications are also open for a place at Annfield Plain Junior School for September 2021.
Children born between 1 September 2013 and 31 August 2014, i.e, current Year two children, are eligible to transfer from infant to junior schools.
Again, applications will close on Friday 15 January 2021.
To apply for your child to transfer to Annfield Plain Junior School click here: Apply now
At Annfield Plain Infants we look at the educational needs of a student with disabilities and special needs. In liaison with all other professionals involved with the pupil we plan a comprehensive learning package, which will allow for measurable learning opportunities to be put in place. This means that the pupil and all adults involved in supporting that pupil will meet to plan the educational provision best suited to the needs of the individual pupil. At all times we will work closely with parents to ensure that their child receives the very best educational experience that Annfield Plain Infant School can offer.
At Annfield Plain Infants, we recognise that there is always room for improvement, and we would welcome any further suggestions as to how we could improve our accessibility to all, whatever their disability. We have annually invited parents who have movement difficulties to work with the Headteacher in making improvements to the school environment/organisation. See link to accessibility to Policy.
At Annfield Plain Infant School we have a Single Equality and Accessibility Policy, therefore every Annfield Plain Infant pupil is provided with equal opportunity to access all aspects of our curriculum. Annfield Plain Infants welcomes any suggestions as to how we can further improve this facility
If you would like to discuss your SEND requirements in detail please contact the school to arrange an appointment.
Head Teacher's Full Message
Copyright © 2021 Annfield Plain Infant School
DH9 7UY
Tel 01207 234 691 · Email annfieldplaininfant@durhamlearning.net
Legal Information | Website Login
Powered by Durham County Council.


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Virka is an elegant and timeless scandinavian sideboard.
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BARN : a stripped furniture - to hide all your objects and to organize all things.
Simple, light and versatile, the GEYMA sideboard find its place in the living room or in the dining room and offers plenty of storage space.
A compact desk, and nevertheless generous: it will accommodate your laptop, or a tablet while remaining discreet but functional.
Let yourself be seduced by the sophisticated style of this magnificent CITY desk, designed by Nuno Rosa for the renowned brand TEMAHOME.
The LOFT desk was designed by the designer Nuno ROSA for the TEMAHOME brand.


0:12Skip to 0 minutes and 12 secondsANTONIA HARDY: Look, I did it for Mendona. I did it for my country.
0:16Skip to 0 minutes and 16 secondsALEX PAPOULIAS: A few thousand people from your country are dead.
0:20Skip to 0 minutes and 20 secondsANTONIA HARDY: People die all the time. I created the vaccine.
0:24Skip to 0 minutes and 24 secondsALEX PAPOULIAS: You created the disease.
0:32Skip to 0 minutes and 32 secondsJIM BROWN: Alex, can I see you for a second?
0:45Skip to 0 minutes and 45 secondsYou have to let her go.
0:46Skip to 0 minutes and 46 secondsALEX PAPOULIAS: What? She's admitted to everything. She wanted to be famous. Narcissistic, opport-- she's a psychopath.
0:51Skip to 0 minutes and 51 secondsJIM BROWN: Yeah, I'm not saying anything different. But there's not going to be a trial.
0:57Skip to 0 minutes and 57 secondsJIM BROWN: You have to let her go. I'm sorry, Alex. If it makes you feel any better, she'll be monitored for the rest of her life. She won't be able to so much as even look at another test tube.
1:12Skip to 1 minute and 12 secondsYou did a good job.
1:24Skip to 1 minute and 24 secondsREPORTER: (ON TV) Dr. Hardy has said the recent outbreak has made her realise how important family is, and how easily the things we love can be taken away. Hardy's team discovered the vaccine late last night. I shudder to think what could have been if they hadn't. Channel 22 News would like to wish Dr Hardy all the best.
1:45Skip to 1 minute and 45 secondsMARA TSONI: You know you can switch it off with the remote.
1:47Skip to 1 minute and 47 secondsALEX PAPOULIAS: Mara.
1:48Skip to 1 minute and 48 secondsMARA TSONI: Hey.
1:49Skip to 1 minute and 49 secondsALEX PAPOULIAS: How are you?
1:50Skip to 1 minute and 50 secondsMARA TSONI: Better.
1:51Skip to 1 minute and 51 secondsALEX PAPOULIAS: Did you hear what happened?
1:53Skip to 1 minute and 53 secondsMARA TSONI: Yeah.
1:54Skip to 1 minute and 54 secondsALEX PAPOULIAS: Yeah, Hardy's been lauded as a hero. It's exactly what she wanted.
1:58Skip to 1 minute and 58 secondsMARA TSONI: Well, the government was too invested in her work. They had to lie.
2:00Skip to 2 minutes and 0 secondsALEX PAPOULIAS: Yeah. If the government told the truth, how could anybody trust them?
2:04Skip to 2 minutes and 4 secondsMARA TSONI: Anyway, I just wanted to stop by and say good work. It's a shame it took an emergency to get us working together.
2:09Skip to 2 minutes and 9 secondsALEX PAPOULIAS: Off the record.
2:11Skip to 2 minutes and 11 secondsMARA TSONI: It's always off the record. I've got to go.
2:13Skip to 2 minutes and 13 secondsALEX PAPOULIAS: How's everything going-- at the department?
2:16Skip to 2 minutes and 16 secondsMARA TSONI: Administering the vaccine, counting the dead. I'm still technically on sick leave.
2:20Skip to 2 minutes and 20 secondsALEX PAPOULIAS: We should grab a coffee, catch up.
2:23Skip to 2 minutes and 23 secondsMARA TSONI: Hmm, we'll see.
In this video, respected Professor Antonia Hardy, who was one of the few people who could develop a vaccine against the new virus, is interviewed by the policeman Alex Papoulia. Professor Hardy admits that she engineered the virus in a clandestine laboratory so that she could become famous for developing a vaccine against it through her formal university research activity. It becomes clear that she did it to achieve fame and respect for developing the vaccine, but was comfortable with killing thousands of people in the process.
A twist is that Hardy is released from police custody, suggesting that she has friends in high places, although she is made to retire from her job. This frustrates Alex but there's nothing he can do about it. At least he solved the mystery of where the disease came from and can get some satisfaction from that. The health department official, Sharri Patel, points out that one benefit of the pandemic emergency was that it led to cooperation and consultation between the health department and the police, which usually does not happen.
An issue highlighted in this video are the human motivations that can lead to criminal behaviour, even by respected persons. Another is that it often takes an emergency to have multi-agency cooperation. Prevention of, and preparedness for, these emergencies require ongoing cooperation and consultation at all times, not just in a crisis.
What other factors might motivate people to engineer pathogens that could cause dangerous outbreaks?
Which organisations would be stakeholders in the management of a bioterrorism event?
Do you think the health care system in your country would be prepared for a bioterrorism attack?


text:
Q: What is difference between retain and strong in objective-c? Looking forward for response other then :
- ARC and non-ARC environment

A: Strong and Weak help with retain-release cycles (RRC), a form of memory leak. iOS uses something called Automatic Reference Countin (ARC) to know when an object is in use and should be kept in memory, or is no longer in use and should be deleted to gain back resources. ARC works because the runtime knows for each object, how many objects are referencing it. When that found reaches 0, the object is deleted.
Issues arise when you have two objects that hold references to each other. Because object A holds a reference to object B, and B to A, the reference count for both A and B will never be 0, this A and B will always be in memory. It's also possible that there are no other objects holding references to A or B, so we've just created a memory leak.
Getting back to Strong and Weak, these keywords are used to "denote ownership", if you will. They help you eliminate retain-release cycles by limiting what objects increment the reference count for another object. A strong property is one where you increment the reference count of the object. If object A has a strong reference to B, and no other object is referencing B, B has count 1 (A owns, or needs to exist B). Now, if B wants to have a reference to A, we would want to use a weak reference. Weak references don't increment the reference count of the object. So in this particular case, if A has no other objects referencing it but B, A's count would be 0 given B's weak reference.
Can you see how this is eliminating the RRC? Assuming no external references and not using strong/weak references, A and B would perpetually reside in memory. Using the strong and weak references we outlined above, A would have count 0, so it would be removed from memory. This in turn would deincrement B's reference count from 1 to 0, causing B to be removed from memory.
Nonatomic is used to denote that the object being referenced in not thread safe. This means that the object is not able to deal with multiple requests at the same time. Atomicity is the idea that once you make a request, it either happens or it doesn't. When an operation is atomic, you're guaranteeing that the entity you're applying the operation to will never be in an intermediate state. Regardless of how you look at that entity, it either looks the way it did before you requested the operation, or it looks the way it will once the operation is done. (When thinking about atomicity, think of atoms. The word means indivisible. Atomic operations are those which can't be divided into smaller operations.)


text:
SUITESPARSE ?= $(realpath $(CURDIR)/..)
export SUITESPARSE

default: library

include ../SuiteSparse_config/SuiteSparse_config.mk

library:
	( cd Lib ; $(MAKE) )

# compile the static libraries only
static:
	( cd Lib    ; $(MAKE) static )

clean:
	( cd Lib ; $(MAKE) clean )
	( cd MATLAB ; $(RM) $(CLEAN) )

distclean:
	( cd Lib ; $(MAKE) distclean )
	( cd MATLAB ; $(RM) $(CLEAN) ; $(RM) *.mex* )

purge: distclean

# install BTF
install:
	( cd Lib ; $(MAKE) install )

# uninstall BTF
uninstall:
	( cd Lib ; $(MAKE) uninstall )


text:
JERSEY BOYS Host an Afternoon of Fashion, Fun and Philanthropy to Benefit HELP of Southern Nevada at Fashion Show
JERSEY BOYS Host an Afternoon of Fashion, Fun and Philanthropy
to Benefit HELP of Southern Nevada at Fashion Show
Event Includes Clothing Drive and Fashion Show on October 2
JERSEY BOYS will take their moves from the stage to the runway in an interactive fashion show event to benefit HELP of Southern Nevada on Sunday, October 2 on the runway at Fashion Show. The event will consist of a clothing drive, fashion show, prize raffle and exclusive meet and greet with JERSEY BOYS cast members. Emceed by KLAS-TV news anchor Dayna Roselli, the event kicks off at 2 p.m. with a retro-inspired fashion show followed by the meet and greet with cast members. The afternoon with JERSEY BOYSwill conclude at 4 p.m. with a raffle of exciting prizes. Clothing drive donations will be accepted beginning at noon.
"We are pleased to partner with HELP of Southern Nevada and Fashion Show for this event," says JERSEY BOYS Producer Michael David. "JERSEY BOYS has gratefully been embraced by the Las Vegas community over the past three and a half years and this event is but one small way for us to give back to those in need."
Cast members from JERSEY BOYS will model the latest looks from Banana Republic's "Mad Men" collection on the runway. Following the fashion show, the cast will be available for an exclusive meet and greet for participants of the clothing drive. Guests will have the opportunity to meet, take photographs and receive autographs from cast members.
Guests can bring new or gently used clothing donations to the event to benefit HELP of Southern Nevada's "Career Closet" and HELP's Shannon West Youth Center. Donations for professional clothing including suits, dress pants, shirts and dress shoes for both men and women will be kindly accepted. Warm clothing donations for youth ages 16 – 21 including jackets, sweaters, hooded sweatshirts and socks are also encouraged and accepted.
"This event is coming at a critical time for HELP of Southern Nevada," says Abby Quinn, community outreach manager of HELP of Southern Nevada. "As the colder months are approaching, we have a much greater need for warm clothing for the youth. We also have hundreds of clients who are currently looking for work and having nice, professional clothing helps them to put their best foot forward."
For every appropriate item donated, guests will receive one raffle ticket for a chance to win exciting prizes. There will not be a limit on the donations accepted; however raffle tickets will be limited at five per guest. Donations must be received by 3:45 p.m. to receive a raffle ticket. More than 15 amazing prizes will be given away, including the Grand Prize package of two Orchestra tickets to JERSEY BOYS, a one-night stay at The Palazzo Resort-Hotel-Casino and dinner for two. Other prizes include an additional ten pair of JERSEY BOYS tickets and restaurant and retailer gift certificates from Fashion Show, The Shoppes at the Palazzo and The Grand Canal Shoppes at The Venetian. Winners must be present to win.
About JERSEY BOYS:
Now in its fourth smash hit year, JERSEY BOYS is the #1 Rated Show in Las Vegas and the "Must see show of the year!" according to the Las Vegas Review-Journal. The musical phenomenon JERSEY BOYS, the story of Frankie Valli and The Four Seasons at The Palazzo is the only place on the West Coast to see this runaway hit and has taken Las Vegas by storm. JERSEY BOYS is the story of how a group of blue-collar boys from the wrong side of the tracks became one of the biggest American pop music sensations of all time. They wrote their own songs, invented their own sounds and sold 175 million records worldwide – all before they were thirty. The show features such hits as "Sherry," "Big Girls Don't Cry," "Can't Take My Eyes Off of You," "Oh, What a Night" and many more. Presented in Las Vegas in a unique, custom-built theatre, JERSEY BOYS at The Palazzo is the same production fans all over the world have come to know and love. Tickets for JERSEY BOYS at The Palazzo are available by calling The Palazzo Box Office at 866-641-7469 or 702-414-9000, or online at www.PalazzoLasVegas.com. For groups of 10 or more, please call (702) 785-5394 or e-mail Groups@BASEentertainment.com. For more information please visit www.JerseyBoysVegas.com.
About HELP of Southern Nevada:
HELP of Southern Nevada assists over 100,000 low-income families and individuals to become more self-sufficient through direct services, trainings and referrals. Programs available: social services, weatherization, community alternative sentencing, work opportunities readiness center, holiday assistance, Nevada 2-1-1 call center and homeless and youth services. For more information, call HELP of Southern Nevada at 702-369-4357 or visit www.helpsonv.org.
About Fashion Show:
At nearly 2 million square feet, Fashion Show is the largest shopping destination on the Las Vegas Strip and one of the largest shopping centers in the USA. Anchored by Neiman Marcus, Saks Fifth Avenue, Macy's, Dillard's, Bloomingdale's Home, Nordstrom and Forever 21, Fashion Show houses an eclectic mix of more than 200 stores and one-of-a-kind boutiques. Fashion Show's Great Hall features an 80-foot retractable runway and stage where more than 20 fashion shows are held every weekend. Designers including Roberto Cavalli, Dolce & Gabbana, Perry Ellis, Donald Pliner, Alexander McQueen, Red Carter and Zac Posen have staged shows in The Great Hall.
Fashion Show is owned and/or managed by General Growth Properties, Inc. GGP is one of the nation's largest shopping center owners. GGP has ownership and management interest in 166 regional and super regional shopping malls in 43 states. The company portfolio totals 169 million square feet of space. A publicly-traded real estate investment trust (REIT), GGP is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol GGP.
CategoriesCharity Events TagsBanana Republic, Bloomingdale's Home, Career Closet, Clothing Drive, Dillard's, Fashion Show, HELP of Southern Nevada, JERSEY BOYS, Las Vegas, Macy's, Neiman Marcus, Nordstrom, Palazzo Resort-Hotel-Casino, Saks Fifth Avenue, Southern Nevada, vegas24seven
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Minute Zero by Chris Jayne Book Release Announcement
Posted on September 11, 2020 September 11, 2020 by David Spell
Happy publication day, and congratulations to author Chris Jayne on the release of Minute Zero (Stronghold #1)!
Read on for an exclusive excerpt and a chance to win a $10 Amazon gift card!
Minute Zero (Stronghold #1)
Publication Date: September 11th, 2020 (Today 🎉)
Publisher: Inferis Press
When the world ends in a heartbeat, suddenly old secrets don't matter anymore. But new ones still do, and protecting the ones you love is the only thing that still remains.
Two sisters, one a trendy caterer on the run from a vicious killer, the other a country midwife.
Because of a simple mistake, Lori Dovner must flee from the vicious mafioso Raoul Saldata, and her life goes from routine day to terrifying journey in a single moment. On the road with her two children, her only goal is to get to her sister's Montana farm alive. But both Lori and Louise have been hiding a devastating secret for years.
Two brothers, one a Navy Seal on leave, the other a good man who wants to do right by his family.
Captain Deacon Hale is taking two weeks to help his brother Roger and his wife Louise on their remote Montana farm. He loved Lori once, but has finally put her behind him. Roger Hale just wants to give his pregnant wife and two young children a good life. He has no idea about the betrayals that have been hidden from him.
Dangerous identity.
Angela Jones is an FBI agent with a terrible debt that she knows she will someday have to pay. And when Raoul Saldata calls in that marker she has no choice but to comply.
Evil incarnate.
Raoul Saldata as a child in Albania, would pretend he was a dhampir, the offspring resulting from the mating between a human female and a vampire. A myth of course, but the evil Saldata practices is anything but. And when he finds Lori Dovner, he intends to do a lot more than just kill her.
"Minute Zero" Stronghold: Book One is an apocalyptic EMP thriller (with a touch of romance) about an ordinary family struggling to stay safe and find each other in the face of insurmountable odds, an abysmal loss of life and the dawn of a new, post-apocalyptic dark age.
"Roger, I'm in trouble."
His voice came back, quick and sure. "What's going on? Where are you?"
"I'm at a rest area about an hour outside of Billings."
"West or east?"
"West. We're maybe twenty miles from where we go off the highway and come north to Lewiston. I can't remember the road number."
"191," he supplied. She heard Roger speaking to someone else in the room, his voice distant, as if he was holding the phone away from his mouth. "Top drawer of the desk. Yeah, there. There's a road atlas in there." His voice came back into the phone. "I'm think I know where you are, but I'm getting a map. What's going on?"
"The man who is after me is here. His name is Raoul Saldata and…"
"There? Now? With you?" Roger's voice, while remaining calm, still carried a note of real urgency.
"No. I saw him just by chance. He didn't see me. He got into a car and left."
"You're sure he didn't see you?"
"Yes. If he'd seen me, there's no way he would have driven off." She quickly shared with her brother-in-law her guess that if it were not for Grace's illness, they would already be at their destination and because of that, Saldata was no longer looking for them on the road. "Roger," Lori voice cracked, "he wants to kill me. And he's not alone. He's got two people with him, a man and a woman."
Lori heard what sounded like a door slam and then another voice muffled in the background, the words unintelligible, but it was definitely a male voice, and not her sister.
"How long ago was this?"
"Just a couple of minutes. I saw him, watched him leave, walked back to my car, and then called you." She did the quick math. "No more than five minutes."
"So, two hours from here," Roger stated flatly. Lori got the feeling he was talking to someone else as well as to her. "Is he armed?"
Lori swallowed, her throat dry as dust, thinking about what she'd seem at Saldata's house. "I'm sure he is. But," Lori had a sudden thought, "can you bring guns on the plane?"
"He flew?"
"He was in a rental car. I assume he flew. That means he would have had to bring the guns on the plane, right? Can you do that?"
"You have to declare them if you fly commercial. But, if this guy has enough money or influence, he may have come on a private jet. Then he could bring anything he wanted." Roger paused. "Tell me about who he's with."
"I don't know who they are. I don't know this man, really, at all. I just did a party for him. But, the first one is some sort of helper. A bodyguard maybe. I saw him at Saldata's house. The other one is a woman. Young, maybe thirty. Very professional." Lori envisioned what she'd seen in the restroom and suddenly Lori realized exactly what she looked like. "Like a lawyer or a detective maybe. She saw me in the bathroom."
"She saw you?" Roger couldn't hide the shock from his voice.
"Yes," Lori explained, "but she didn't recognize me. I cut my hair really short and dyed it black. I look very different. And the kids weren't with me, thank God."
There was a long pause as Roger was obviously considering the next steps. "Did you notice the model of the car?"
"No, Roger, I'm sorry, I don't really know car models. It was a small SUV." She thought about car models that she knew, ones that she and some of her friends owned. "It wasn't as big as my Range Rover. Maybe something like a Toyota 4Runner. That size. It was gray. And it definitely had Montana plates."
"How did he know you were coming here?"
"I don't know, but…" Quickly, Lori shared with Roger her fear that Saldata had somehow found her employees, Salvadore and Michelle.
As she waited for Roger to respond, she watched her two children with Simone. Brandon had run over to Simone, and, his face turned up, he said something to her. He smiled, so sweet and trusting. My God, she had to protect them, all of them. The silence on Roger's side of the call grew. "What should I do? Where should I go? I'm so sorry." She heard her voice rising to shrill, but she couldn't stop it.
Roger interrupted curtly. "What's done is done, Lori. You need to hold it together. And the only thing that matters now is keeping everyone safe."
"I don't know what to do. Even if I turn around and I didn't come to you, he's still on his way there."
"I want you to stay there."
"Here? At the rest stop?"
"Yes, I'm going to send someone to get you. Do you remember my brother Deacon? He's on leave and visiting us for a few weeks."
For the second time in ten minutes, Lori felt like she'd been punched in the stomach and for a very long moment, she could not breathe. On a day when things could not possibly have gotten worse, they just did. "I met him at your wedding," she managed to choke out. That flat statement masked a wealth of information. Did Roger notice how strangled her voice was?
Lori remembered Deacon Hale very well, but now was not the time to dwell on it, though why in the name of all that was holy had her sister not mentioned that Deacon was there visiting them? For a brief hysterical second, she wondered if she'd be better off taking her chances with Saldata. And in the next moment, she knew a hard truth, one she had never allowed herself to acknowledge. The main reason she had avoided being around Lou and Roger for the last five years was that Roger reminded her way, way too much of Deacon. She could barely gasp out her next, strangled question. "So, you're not coming?"
"No." Roger's voice was flat and hard. "If what you say is true, I have three people on their way here who are perfectly capable of putting a bullet into the brains of anyone in my family."
"You think I should just wait here? At the rest stop? What if he comes back?"
"You're sure the woman didn't recognize you?"
"Yeah, I'm sure. She just walked right out of the bathroom. I look really different, Roger."
"Then, they won't come back," Roger responded, his voice full of confidence. "Why would they? And even if they'd turn around for some reason, they'd be on the other side of the interstate." Lori saw the logic in that. "Just sit tight. Deke'll be there in two hours, give or take."
In less than three hours she'd see him. See Deke. Could she do it? There was no way. No. Fucking. Way.
The phone went dead in her hand.
And in one instant the world changed forever.
Amazon| Barnes & Noble | Kobo
Chris Jayne is author of the apocalyptic EMP series "Stronghold."
Jayne is also the penname of a USA Today bestselling romance and thriller author who is has started asking "what if?" What if the lights go off? What if the food supply chain just… stops? The world could become an unfriendly place in a hurry.
Three years ago, Chris began exploring the "prepper" lifestyle, and hopes that if TEOTWAWKI would actually happen, she would be in a position to protect her family and loved ones.
She now spends her days splitting her time between her romance writing and her apocalyptic and dystopian fiction novels. Because what's more fun than imagining the end of the world from the comfort of your couch? And if the end of the world has a few sexy Navy Seals in it? All the better!
She loves writing stories exploring how ordinary people cope with extraordinary circumstances, especially situations where the normal comforts, conveniences, and rules are stripped away.
Chris Jayne | Facebook | Instagram
For a chance to win a $10 Amazon gift card, click the link below! Giveaway will be open from September 11th to the 14th.
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Posted in Apocalypse, ThrillerTagged Chris Jayne, Minute Zero
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text:
Q: Why is the placement of the series resistor in data lines important? It's a general question about series resistors in this type of application but I will use an example to make it easier to understand.
I have a LCD controller which uses an SDRAM, we can read a lot on the internet and it is common knowledge that you can put series resistors on numeric signals to increase the rising and falling time. For example, if my controller emits a clock in the direction of the SDRAM, the resistor has to be close to the controller. Since this resistor is meant to limitate the current which will flow through the parasitic capacitor at the input,I don't understand why the placement is important?
The question is : Why does this resistor has to be as close as possible to the source of the signal? What is the difference if it is close to the destination?

A: Not considering what Neil_UK tells us (which is likely to be more relevant than this) - it would still make a difference for a simple reason:
The resistor will divide your line in two parasitic capacitors. If you place it close to the source, you will have a "large" parasitic capacitance behind the resistor and such the time constant will increase for the receiving side.
If you place it close to the receiver, you will have a large parasitic capacitance directly connected to the source, which will charge nearly instantly. The capacitance on the receiver is now close to the input capacitance of the pin you are toggling, so the time constant is smaller and you don't get as much smoothing.
Depending on the layout this effect might be negligible, but you can get some picofarads quite quickly and they might matter.

A: The purpose of a resistor placed here is not to limit (or limitate) the current, nor to increase the rise and fall time of the signal (though that's what it would do if it were feeding a lumped capacitor).
The purpose is to match the source end of the transmission line formed by the track. This means that when the unterminated far end of the line reflects the signal, those reflections will be absorbed in the source resistor, resulting in a clean signal received at the far end. Without that resistor, there could be multiple transitions at the far end, distorting the signal.


Home > Breaking News > Will the NSA Stop Mass Surveillance?
Will the NSA Stop Mass Surveillance?
With the recent introduction of the USA Freedom Act it looks like the notoriously secretive NSA will have to end its mass surveillance metadata of telephone communications.
The Act was signed into law earlier this year, and has now been in action since November 29th at midnight.
However, according to Activist Post, the NSA's surveillance system hasn't been de-activated. The only thing to have changed is the way the data is collected.
Under the new Act, they can no longer cite article 215 of the Patriot Act, which allowed them to collect phone data free of restrictions. Now, when the NSA is given a warrant from the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court they can collect data only when in line with specific terms within the warrant, and have to conduct all investigations regarding this information in six months.
Some NSA critics have said that this is not a hindrance but an expansion of their powers.


Hot just like an oven? Need some lovin'? Well these bad boys are straight out the oven.... and into your mouth. Everyone deserves some oral pleasure now and again.
Quotes include 'WANNA BANG' 'ORAL PLEASURE' and 'EAT ME'.


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For machine-readable data, visit our data access portal.
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Any Mention Conditions Coming Soon!
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