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How Spontaneous Human Combustion Works
by Stephanie Watson & Mark Mancini
The Theories
Many of the so-called victims of spontaneous human combustion were known smokers who probably died by falling asleep with a lit cigarette, cigar or pipe. Nicholas Eveleigh/Getty Images
For an object to combust spontaneously, three things need to happen. First, the body must be heated to its ignition temperature — the point at which it will catch fire without being exposed to an external flame or spark. If the heat building up inside the object cannot escape, and if it's being exposed to a steady flow of oxygen that isn't rapid enough to cool it down, the stage will be set for spontaneous ignition [source: South Australian Metropolitan Fire Service].
We know this can happen to certain inanimate objects that will be discussed later. But does the phenomenon occur in humans? The jury is still out. That said, a few explanations for how people could hypothetically experience spontaneous combustion have been forth over the last few centuries.
Charles Dickens blamed booze. In the 1850s, the writer ignited great interest in SHC by using it to kill off a character in his novel "Bleak House." The character, named Krook, was an alcoholic following the belief at the time that spontaneous human combustion was caused by excessive amounts of alcohol in the body. American prohibitionists helped spread this notion as they denounced the evils of alcoholism [source: Behr].
Other ideas are more popular today. One widespread belief says the fire is sparked when methane (a flammable gas produced by gut bacteria) builds up in the intestines and is ignited by enzymes (proteins in the body that act as catalysts to induce and speed up chemical reactions) [source: Reville].
Yet this begs the question of why there are no reported instances of spontaneous combustion in cows, which produce far more methane than people [source: Radford].
It's also been suggested that the fire begins because of static electricity building up inside the body or from an external geomagnetic force. A self-proclaimed expert on spontaneous human combustion, Larry Arnold, has suggested that the phenomenon is the work of a new subatomic particle called a pyroton, which he says interacts with cells to create a mini-explosion. But as of August 2018, there's no scientific evidence that proves the existence of this particle — or spontaneous human combustion itself [source: McCarthy].
If spontaneous human combustion isn't real, then what's the explanation for the stories of people who have seemingly burned from within? And what really occurred in the many pictures that depict the charred bodies of alleged victims?
A possible explanation is the wick effect. When lit by a cigarette, smoldering ember or other heat source, the human body acts much like an inside-out candle. A candle is composed of a wick on the inside surrounded by a wax made of flammable fatty acids. The wax ignites the wick and keeps it burning. In the human body, the body fat acts as the flammable substance, and the victim's clothing or hair acts as the wick. As the fat melts from the heat, it soaks into the clothing and acts as a wax-like substance to keep the wick burning slowly. Scientists say this would explain why victims' bodies are destroyed yet their surroundings are barely burned [source: McCarthy].
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Forensic scientist John DeHaan once watched this gruesome spectacle unfold in real time — to a pig, anyway. In a 1998 experiment that was televised on the BBC, he wrapped a pig corpse in a blanket, then lit the garment ablaze with some petrol. As DeHaan looked on, the animal's body fat liquified, adding more fuel to the fire. By the time he put out the flames a few hours later, the slow, intense burn had converted a large percentage of the pig's flesh and bones into ash. (The rest of the room suffered minimal damage.) [source: Kelly].
Yet the dead pig's feet remained intact. This is consistent with reports of SHC leaving disembodied feet or hands behind. Extremities don't contain as much fat as the core of the body does, so they're less likely to go up in smoke when the wick effect occurs.
Now how does science account for the greasy stains left on walls and ceilings after a spontaneous combustion? Those could simply be the residue that was produced when the victims' fatty tissue burned [source: Nickell].
Once again, we must stress that no one has ever conclusively proven (or disproven) the existence of SHC. Most scientists say there are more likely explanations for what happened to those who died in the cases we've discussed. Many so-called victims of SHC were smokers who probably died by falling asleep with a lit cigarette, cigar or pipe. Several them were believed to have been under the influence of alcohol — or suffered from a movement-restricting disorder that prevented them from moving quickly enough to escape the fire [source: Benecke].
Spontaneous Combustion
The validity of spontaneous human combustion is viewed with skepticism by the scientific community. But some objects have been scientifically proven to burst into flames without an outside heat source. One example is a pile of oily rags stored together in an open container such as a bucket. As oxygen from the air hits the rags, it can slowly raise their internal temperature high enough to ignite the flammable oil. Wet piles of hay or straw have also been known to spontaneously combust. When they decompose, microbes and bacteria living inside them can generate enough heat to kindle a spark [source: Fransen and Zaugg].
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Eileen Frutos has always been drawn to Mary. A member of the World Apostolate of Fatima, she said she often prays with Mary and that her prayers have been answered.
"She's been amazing to our family," said the Ventura resident Aug. 5 at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum.
That's why Frutos and her husband were attending the Guadalupe Celebration that drew tens of thousands of Catholics from across Southern California to celebrate Our Lady of Guadalupe and to reverence a relic of the cloak on which her image miraculously appeared.
Sponsored by the Archdiocese of Los Angeles, the Knights of Columbus and the Mexican nonprofit organization Instituto Superior de Estudios Guadalupanos, the event coincided with the 10th anniversary of the canonization of St. Juan Diego July 31, 2002; Juan Diego was the indigenous man to whom Our Lady of Guadalupe ppeared, and upon whose cloak, or "tilma," her image appeared.
But faith was the focus — and it's the reason Michelle Le boarded a bus in Orange County to travel into Los Angeles.
"Mother Mary put it in my heart that I have to attend," said the parishioner at St. Columban Church in Garden Grove.
"All last night, I couldn't sleep!" she told the Orange County Catholic, newspaper of the Orange Diocese.
It was Le's first time at such an event, and she wasn't totally sure what to expect — so the living rosary was a surprise.
Formed of dozens of people from the Archdiocese of Los Angeles, the rosary processed onto the field. Knights of Columbus carried a massive cross to place on a stand, and others bore a massive centerpiece with the image of Our Lady of Guadalupe's face on it.
But the "beads" were people — individuals and small groups — who carried open umbrellas beneath the sunny sky: blue for the Hail Mary beads, and white for the Our Father beads.
Unity was the overwhelming impression that Diana Contreras had as well. A native of El Salvador, the Los Angeles resident is a parishioner at St. Thomas the Apostle Church.
"I always come to all the events for Our Lady of Guadalupe, because I like them," she said in Spanish.
For some attendees, the celebration was a taste of what they hope one day to experience at the Basilica of Guadalupe in Mexico, where the tilma is displayed above the altar.
"We have not been there yet," said Carlos Letrondo, who traveled to Los Angeles on a bus from La Purisima Church in Orange. He and his wife, Norma, wanted to be a part of the celebration to get the flavor of a pilgrimage to the Mexico City basilica.
But this Guadalupe Celebration also included traditional dances, with dancers in vibrant costumes and headdresses, which Carlos enjoyed. Norma was thrilled by the re-enactment of Our Lady's appearance to Juan Diego. "It's a miracle," she said simply.
And their friend Vergie Moebius — a neighbor from back in the Philippines — was simply excited to share the experience with them.
The Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels is home to the only known relic of St. Juan Diego's tilma in the United States — and the reliquary containing the tiny piece of fabric was displayed throughout the event, borne into the coliseum by Baltimore Archbishop William E. Lori, the supreme chaplain of the Knights of Columbus.
And that is why the coliseum was filled with enthusiastic Catholics of all ethnicities, from all across Southern California.
Orange County Catholic, newspaper of the Diocese of Orange.


text:
Бартоломеберг — містечко й громада округу Блуденц в землі Форарльберг, Австрія.
Бартоломеберг лежить на висоті  1087 над рівнем моря і займає площу  27,28 км². Громада налічує  мешканців.
Густота населення /км².

Округ Блуденц лежить на півдні Фаральбергу і межує зі Швейцарією. Місцеве  населення, як і мешканці всього Форальбергу,
розмовляє алеманським діалектом німецької мови, а тому ближче до швейцарців, ніж до населення більшої частини Австрії,
яке розмовляє баварсько-австрійським діалектом. Кожне містечко й сільце області має розвинуту інфраструктуру для прийому туристів і дбає про свої
музеї та інші визначні місця.

 Адреса управління громади: Luttweg 1, 6781 Bartholomäberg.

У Бартоломегу є два дитячі садки, дві початкові школи, профтехучилище.

Демографія
Історична динаміка населення міста за даними сайту Statistik Austria

Відомі особи
 Аніта Вахтер - гірськолижниця

Виноски

Громади Форарльбергу

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Cellorigo é um município da Espanha
na província e comunidade autónoma de La Rioja, de área 12,43 km² com população de 18 habitantes (2007) e densidade populacional de 1,76 hab/km².

Demografia

Cellorigo


Ecevit, Bülent bülĕnt´ ĕjĕvĭt´ [key], 1925–2006, Turkish political leader and journalist. An editor for Ulus, the organ of the Republican People's party, he was elected to parliament (1957–60 and again from 1961) and served (1961–65) as minister of labor. He was the Republican People's party's secretary-general from 1966 to 1971. In 1972, Ecevit succeeded Ismet Inönü as party chairman, promising a democratic-socialist program. In 1974 he became prime minister of a coalition government and established an independent, basically anti-European policy for Turkey. Following the overthrow in July, 1974, of the Cypriot leader Archbishop Makarios III by the Greek officers of the Cypriot National Guard, Ecevit mobilized Turkish troops and invaded Cyprus to protect its Turkish minority. His action brought about the fall of the Greek Cypriot rebel government, and, indirectly, the fall of the junta in Greece. Strains in his coalition led to Ecevit's resignation in Sept., 1974. In 1978 he became prime minister again, but in 1980 Turkey experienced a military coup, and Ecevit was imprisoned. He later established the Democratic Left party, and in Dec., 1998, he was asked to form a caretaker government. Following elections held in Apr., 1999, he continued as prime minister, heading a coalition government. In office he reversed his earlier anti-Western stance and worked to draw Turkey nearer to the countries of the European Union . The elections of 2002 resulting in stunning loss for Ecevit and his party, and he retired from politics two years later.


Ian tries to hold it all together as cast and crew succumb to the powers of Upward Thrust's new product, Thunderspunk Energy Drink.
The One Man Sideshow, Louie Foxx!
Weirdness from The Ballard Boyz!
Ian Schuelke Wants a TV Show: March Madness!


On Monday, Mr. Perrone and I will meet with each individual grade level to help students get re-focused as we begin the new semester. We will clearly state our expectations and reiterate some of our academic and disciplinary policies during these gatherings.
Report cards from the fall semester will be available through Edline by Wednesday, January 10th, at 11:00 am. Friendly reminder that we do not send hard copies of report cards home.
We will have our Spring Semester Mini-Schedule Night for parents on Thursday, January 11th.
The bell will ring at 6:30 pm, sending you to your student's "A" period class. Friendly reminder that this is NOT a parent-teacher conference. This is simply an opportunity to follow your child's new class schedule and meet his or her teachers. Teachers will discuss course policies and their goals for their classes in ten-minute sessions. We strongly encourage all parents to attend. Students will bring schedules home on Wednesday night for your benefit.
Reminder that students do not have school on Monday, January 15th, due to the Martin Luther King, Jr., holiday.
Our Honor Roll Receptions take place on Thursday and Friday, the 18th and 19th of January. We look forward to honoring all those students who achieved a 3.5 GPA or better in the second quarter.
Our Freshman Retreat takes place on Friday, January 26th. Permission slips will be posted to Edline, and the retreat will be held across the street at the JCC. Freshmen will be permitted to "dress down" in our maroon and white dress-down style on this day. Students will begin and end the day at the regular times at De La Salle.
Join us for an unforgettable evening of delectable cuisine, libations, fabulous auction items, door prizes, and music by Louisiana Spice. Proceeds from our premier fundraising event will support De La Salle's continued march in excellence. The gala is open to the public. Please visit our website for additional information.
Please be reminded that personal meetings with faculty and administration need to be arranged by appointment. No administrator or faculty member is mandated to take a meeting from a parent or guardian that has not been pre-arranged. Thank you for your cooperation with this policy.
Boys' and girls' soccer teams, the wrestling team, and the boys' and girls' basketball teams continue deeper into their respective seasons. Baseball, softball, tennis, and track and field are also beginning their pre-season work. Please come out and support the Cavs as they take to the field and the floor.
As always, we thank you for entrusting your children to us, and we look forward to a successful spring semester. Take care, and may God bless you and yours.


text:
Hear, That Your Soul May Live
Which Is God ? (2018)
The Misfortunes of a Virtuous Christian (2018)
Studying the Bible often brings many questions or confusions. In this installment of Bible Answers Live, Pastor Doug and Pastor Ross peruse through the Bible to help callers clear doubts about forgiveness, the Godhead and the first angel's message. Pastor Doug also elaborates on Scriptures about the pope and the beast, and end-time signs. Tune in to learn and with God's blessing, understand more of His Word. Open your Bible with us !
Pastor Doug: Hello listening friends? This is Doug Batchelor. Would you like to hear an amazing fact. Among the first wave of English settlers that set foot on Plymouth Rock in 1629 was a Puritan named John Endecott, who came to serve as the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. In approximately 1630, as his children looked on, Endecott planted one of the first fruit cheese to be cultivated in the new world. It was a pear sapling imported from his estate across the Atlantic.
At the time, he said, "I hope the tree will love the soil of the old world and no doubt when we have gone the tree will still be alive." The tree did outlive John Endecott and his children's children and many generations that followed. By 1763, colonists noted that the tree, dubbed the Endecott pear tree was already very old and showing signs of decay, but still had continued to thrive and bear fruit. In fact, in 1809, the tree had such notoriety that even president John Adams received a special delivery of its pears.
After holding fast through scorching heat, freezing cold and multiple hurricanes which battered the region in the 19th century, the tree became a cherished fixture and the community erected a wooden fence to protect it. As early as 1852, folks were already proclaiming Endecott's pear tree as the oldest cultivated fruit tree in North America. The old tree was nearly destroyed by vandals in 1964, who chopped off the branches and cut the trunk off about six feet above the ground. Still, it recovered and sprouted new branches and more fruit.
Although its pears have been described as medium in size, unattractive and coarse-textured, the trees amazing tenacity overshadows its mediocre fruit. Today, the tree is surrounded by a chain-link fence on an inconspicuous plot of land, hidden behind an office building on Endecott street in Danvers, Massachusetts. It might be hard to believe, but this original American settler is still alive today, and still bearing fruit after 383 years. Friends, the Bible says there's many things a man can learn from a tree. Stay with us, we're going to learn more as Amazing Facts brings you this edition of Bible Answers Live.
Speaker 1: You're listening to Bible Answers Live, honest answers to your Bible questions. This broadcast is a previously recorded episode. To receive any of the Bible resources mentioned in this evening's program, call 800-835-6747. Once again, that's 800-835-6747. Now, let's join our host Pastor Doug Batchelor and our co-host Pastor John Ross.
Pastor Doug: Now, if you have a Bible question, friends, just pick up the phone, we have lines that are open and if you call now a good chance of getting your question on tonight's program. 800, God says, that's 800-463-7297 maybe you weren't ready, got your pencil. Bible questions, call this number 800-463-7297. My name is Doug Batchelor.
Pastor John: My name is John Ross. Good evening, friends and Pastor Doug as usual, let's go ahead and start the program with a word of prayer. Dear Father in heaven, we thank you that we have this opportunity to study the Bible together. We ask the Holy Spirit once again to come and guide our hearts and our minds. Be with those who are listening, Lord, and may we all come to a clear and a full understanding of what the Word says because you said we shall know the truth and the truth will set us free. Be with us this evening in Jesus name, amen.
Pastor Doug: Amen.
Pastor John: Pastor Doug you opened the program by talking about a remarkable tree. We know trees live for a long time but this one first planted by the early settlers that came over from Europe to the United States and I understand it's still living today?
Pastor Doug: Yes.
Pastor John: Producing pears?
Pastor Doug: Still produces pears. I believe this because you've been to our cabin up in the hills. When we moved to that land 40 years ago, there were old fruit trees there from settlers that came during the gold rush. Those fruit trees as of last week were still there out in the field, [chuckles] and some of the original trees and again, the pears aren't that good but they're pretty tenacious and so I believe every word of it. Imagine that. That could be what David was thinking of when he said in Psalm one, if you go to the second verse, speaking about a man who survives and thrives, it says his the light is in the law of the Lord and in his law, he meditates day and night.
He will be like a tree planted by the rivers of water that brings forth its fruit in season, whose leaf will not wither and whatever he does, will prosper. Again, the Lord says that those who are faithful their days in heaven will be like the days of a tree. Isaiah 65:22. David was comparing a person who listens to the law of the Lord and loves the law of the Lord and follows it, that person will be like a tree that is planted, and that is fruitful. The Lord wants us to have the fruits of the Spirit in our life, and a determination to put the Word of God before us and by His grace and spirit to obey His law helps us to have fruitful lives.
There might be people out there wondering, you don't hear much about it these days, but the truth has not changed. God still wants Christians to keep the 10 commandments, not to be saved but because we are saved and Jesus said, "If you love me, keep my commandments," If you'd like to better understand this relationship between love the Lord and the law, we have a special offer for you tonight.
Pastor John: We have a study guide that is called Written in Stone. We'll be happy to send this to anybody who gives us a call. Again, the study guide is called Written in Stone and the phone number to receive this free resource is 800-835-6747. That is our resource line. Again, the number is 800-835-6747. You can ask for the study guide cold Written in Stone, and we'll be happy to send that to anybody who calls and asks. Pastor Doug we also have some folks who are listening via the internet outside of North America and they can also participate in this free offer by simply going to the Amazing Facts website and they can actually do this Bible study for free online.
They can actually study this lesson called Written in Stone. It's all about God's law, and I think it'll be a great blessing to those who study it. Again, if you have a Bible-related question, friends, the number to call here in studio this evening is 800-463-7297, 800-463-7297. Pastor Doug, we're ready to go to the phone lines. Our first caller for this evening is Sophia listening in Ontario. Sophia, welcome to the program.
Sophia: Hi, Pastor Doug? Hi, Pastor Ross?
Pastor John: Hi.
Sophia: My question is, the Bible says that our sins will be cast to the bottom of the sea if we ask for forgiveness. On judgment day, will our sins be read out aloud for everyone to hear that are already forgiven?
Pastor Doug: No. That's a quick two-letter, one-word answer. If we have come to Christ and confess our sins and repented of our sins, then He washes away our sins. In the day of the judgment, now everybody does stand before the Lord, the Bible is pretty clear. All will stand before the judgment seat. Christ stands on our behalf, He pleads his blood, and all of our sins have been paid for. They're basically under the blood, as the song says, "Thank heavens, that when we repent of our sins and confess our sins and forsake our sins, God says, He casts them into the depths of the sea." I"ve heard a pastor say, and He sets up a no fishing sign. He doesn't want them being fished up again. A matter of fact, I think it's in Ezekiel 18 it says that if the wicked man turns from his wickedness, all of his sins will not be remembered. There's a lot of promises. That's a relief, isn't it?
Sophia: Yes, it is.
Pastor Doug: For me and you. God bless and you will enjoy our study guide on the law, we'll send you a free copy if you'd like Sophia.
Pastor John: The number to call again is 800-835-6747. You can ask for the study guide called Written in Stone. I'll be happy to send that to anybody who calls and asks. Our next caller is Dennis and he's listening in California. Dennis, welcome to the program.
Dennis: Thank you very much for being there for us.
Pastor John: Thank you.
Dennis: In light of the struggle in Israel today with the Palestinians and stuff like that, I've been wondering if when I think it was in 2 Samuel said that God didn't intend for us to have kings and yet I think Israel said, "We want to have kings like the other tribes in the land." It just seems like every sin from the apple on the tree, the multiple wives of Abraham and Jacob, every human ideas seems to sidetrack God's intentions. I'm just wondering, what did he intend for Israel to be a strong conquering dominant nation or almost an angelic example to the world?
Pastor Doug: He said that He wanted them to be, and Pastor Ross will look this up. I know where it is in 2 Peter, but it's also in I think, Leviticus, maybe even Exodus where it says He wanted to be a nation of Kings and priests. I think it's even repeated in Revelation that they will live and reign with Christ. He didn't want them to have a single king over them but the Lord said I am their King. I'm sure every tribe was to have leaders and judges and patriarchs but they were to be a nation of priests that were to bring the other nations to God.
They were to make atonement and intercede and lead the other nations to God. It was really during the time of Solomon, they got as close as they could get to the ideal. I know that during the time of Solomon, he, of course, was a king but when the queen of Sheba and other nations were coming to Israel to learn about their God that had blessed them so much. That was what God wanted them to do is to lead the others, to Him, to be a light on a hill, as a kingdom. He wanted the people to trust in him as King and not to look to a single man.
Dennis: Could there be an application to today?
Pastor Doug: Well, now it's the church. Peter says, we're a Royal priesthood. We're a Holy nation. We are a nation of kings and priests that the Lord says He's given us a kingdom and it tells us that we're a Holy priesthood. Now it really applies to the church, both Jew and Gentile.
Dennis: Is there any hope for what's going on over there in Israel today?
Pastor Doug: I hope so. I think in one week, Pastor Ross and I will be there and we're watching the headlines as they're lobbying missiles back and forth between Syria and Israel. We're going anyway.
Dennis: You'll be miles away from the point of Armageddon.
Pastor Doug: Well, you know what? You would be interested. I just finished a three-part series last week on Armageddon. Let me see. You can probably get that on my Facebook page. Just go to the Facebook page and scroll down a little bit. You'll see all the messages, Armageddon part one, two, and three and I talk about that. You'll enjoy that. Well, thank you. Appreciate your call. Take care, Dennis. Bye-Bye.
Pastor John: Our next caller that we have is Barbara listening in South Carolina. Barbara, welcome to the program.
Barbara: Thank you. My question is I would like to preface it with saying, I respect you both very much. I watched the processeecode.com 2012. A friend send it to me and I watched all of the videos and I decided I've got to go visit this church. I did the church, I got baptized in 2013. My husband never did join but our new year's resolution was to observe the Sabbath. Every Sabbath since January 1st, 2013. I was recently disfellowshipped from my church and we had started a new one. I was disfellowshipped because I wanted to study about the Godhead or God the Holy Spirit.
I had been exposed to the truth about the Father, the one true God, and that He has a truly Begotten Son. I watched a debate that Doug Batchelor did with a guy named Steve. I think I saw it yesterday. I would like to ask you to have a similar situation with a one true God believer and our representative will come to you, to your venue, to where you're comfortable and in a respectful way to be able to discuss this because it's a hot topic. It is a hot topic. I was disfellowshipped because I wanted to study this and it's like, there's something wrong with this picture.
Pastor Doug: Well, now, one thing you're asking about a possible debate, and that really I would answer in a different venue than our call-in program right now. Did you have a question on the subject of the Trinity and the Godhead?
Barbara: I still have several but I'll ask a different question. I'll ask a different question. We know about the book of life. I've heard about that but then what is this book? Are there three books mentioned in the Bible or are there two books? One of them, I think they brought up yesterday was the book of remembrance.
Pastor Doug: Well, and Pastor Ross might chime in. Moses talks about a book. Then there are places he says, "Lord, take my name out of your book." Singular. In Daniel, it says everyone that is found written in the book. In Revelation, it talks about the books were open. There's been much discussion about, is it one book that contains like the Bible is one book with many books in it. Some have wondered, is it-- let me just tell you what we know the Bible says He has. There is a record of all those who have witnessed for Christ talks about those who thought upon His name. There's a record of every idle word we've spoken. The Bible says all of the books are open and the dead were judged out of those things written in the book. It says we're judged according to our works. We're saved by grace but our works show if we've been saved by grace. The book or books contains at least a record of those who have accepted the plan of salvation. One is the book of life and then there is the book of deeds.
Pastor John: You have a book as Pastor Doug mentioned where Jesus said every idle word that a man speaks, he shall give an account of. There's some form of record, whether that's a book of all of the sins that are committed or words spoken foolishly. There is a book of remembrance that the Bible speaks of where David says, you saved my tears in symbolic language or poetic language. My kids keep them in your bottle or book of remembrance. It's along those lines. That talks about the sufferings that Christians go through. There is a remembrance of that and of course the book of life, as you mentioned.
Pastor Doug: The book of life is mentioned in revelation several times. I don't know if that helps a little bit. We do have a lesson. We can send you a free copy of that and it's called Facing the Judge. Maybe you'll find some more. I think that actually has some more of those references in there. We'll send you a free copy of that and thank you, Barbara. Appreciate your call. As far as the possibility of a future debate, we'd probably do that through our office if we set that up. If we do, we'll announce it, and let everyone know.
Pastor John: The verse you're referring to about a book of remembrance is Malachi 3:16. Talks about that.
Speaker 1: If you enjoy hearing solid biblical answers on Bible Answers Live, you can have those same insights at your fingertips through the Amazing Facts, Prophecy Study Bible. The updated hardcover version is available at its lowest price ever and includes the complete set of Amazing Facts 27 study guides plus a Bible numbers and symbols charts and eight pages of colorful maps. This best ever Bible gives you a biblical cyclopedic index, words of Christ in red, chronology of the old Testament, along with Doug Batchelor's, How to Study the Bible feature, and much more. Call us at AF Bookstore to learn more about it at 1 800-538-7275. The Amazing Facts Prophecy Study Bible stands apart from other Bibles, giving you the same solid answers you hear each week on Bible Answers Live. Order your copy today at afbookstore.com or by calling 1 800-538-7275.
Speaker 2: For life-changing Christian resources, visit afbookstore.com.
Pastor John: Our next caller that we have is Geneva listening in Broomfield, Colorado. Geneva, welcome to the program.
Geneva: Thank you. My question is, in Hebrews six, I'm going to say verse four, I think. If it is impossible for those who are enlightened and have tasted the heavenly gift and were made partakers and whenever they-- where is it? Verse six. When they fall away to renew them again and to repent and seeing that they crucified themselves the Son of God of flesh and put Him to an open shame. Well, I've been baptized a bunch of times and I hope we can't be baptized too many times. I don't know. I guess I wasn't ready until about 30 years ago but anyway [crosstalk]. I do things that I know I shouldn't but I love the Lord. That verse scares me.
Pastor Doug: Well, let's first look at the verse and find out what it doesn't mean. A lot of people read Hebrews 6:4-6 and they think it's saying that if a person sins after they know the truth, that then they are forever lost, that's like unpardonable sin. If that's true, Peter who walked with Jesus tasted of the heavenly gift, went out and performed miracles and then denied Christ, ultimately was swearing and cursing. How could he be forgiven? He was. You've got several examples in the Bible of people like David who was spirit-filled working for the Lord. God was fighting side by side with him. He killed Goliath and then he takes the guy's wife and has him killed.
You would think, well, that would mean that there's no recovery for him. This verse is not saying that when believers make a big mistake or even backslide that there's no hope. You see what I'm saying? First let's decide what it doesn't mean because otherwise when Moses lost his temper or when Moses murdered somebody, that would mean there's no more hope for him. This verse is not saying that, I think the verses using the Greek terms for their ongoing verbs.
If a person continues in known rebellion after they've received all the fullness of God. In other words, God's given them the best of His spirit and He's given them clear understanding of the truth and they've tasted the powers of the age to come. If they turn their back persistently on the best that God has to offer, He's saying what else can God do when He gives the best, and it rolls off their back?
That's why it says in verse seven, "For the earth that drinks in the rain of the water that comes upon it and bears herbs, it receives blessings but if someone is rejecting the reign of the Holy Spirit, they'll give away the Holy Spirit." If you're still sensitive to the Spirit of God, if you've made mistakes, you confess, you repent of your mistakes and God's mercy is available as long as we're willing to really repent. He is still willing to really forgive. Can you think of anybody in the Bible that asked God for mercy that didn't get mercy?
Geneva: Well, no.
Pastor Doug: He even forgave the Ninevites when He had already pronounced their judgment. When they repented, He forgave them. God is very merciful, even King Manasseh who had his own children offered to pagan gods and killed the prophet Isaiah, a terrible king. He repented, God forgave him. God is so merciful, so don't get discouraged and just know God has a better forgiver than you are a sinner.
Geneva: Okay. I normally do one question, but can you be baptized too many times?
Pastor Doug: Well, I wouldn't overdo it, but the Bible never gives a number saying once you get baptized over 70 x 7 is too many. I think baptism ought to be like marriage where you hope you only do it once, but sometimes it happens more than once. You need to take it very seriously. There may be times where divorce yourself from the Lord, you need to get remarried, but there's no prescribed number in the Bible that after 10 baptisms it doesn't count anymore. All right, well thank you very much for your questions [crosstalk]
Geneva: Fall on God's grace.
Pastor Doug: Amen. Well, He's still working on your heart, or you wouldn't have called.
Geneva: Okay, thank you so much.
Pastor Doug: Thank you. We do have a book, we'll send you a free copy of Riches of His Grace.
Pastor John: The number to call is 800-835-6747 you can ask for the book called Riches of His Grace, we'll be happy to send that to you and anybody who calls and asks.
Speaker 1: We want to know God's plan for our world and solutions for your life's challenges. Beautifully redesigned Amazing Facts 27 Bible study guide, provide encouraging Bible-based answers to questions on healthier relationships, when Jesus will return, and much more. Prefer to watch while you read? Our brand new prophecy and cultures DVD series makes the perfect companion set. Order your study guides and DVDs today by visiting afbookstore.com, or by calling 800-538-7275.
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Pastor John: The next caller that we have is Jade, listening from Michigan. Jade, welcome to the program.
Jade: Pastor Ross, how are you?
Pastor John: We're doing well thank you, and yourself?
Jade: Doing fine. Pastor Doug?
Pastor Doug: Hi, how are you doing, Jade?
Jade: Doing good. There's a movement right now, there's no Holy Spirit or He's not God, and now I'm hearing that Jesus is not God and so I'm wondering if you could explain. Hebrews 1: 6-8,10 down through there. It sounds to me that God Himself is calling Jesus God. Can you clear that up a little bit?
Pastor Doug: Yes. Well first of all Jesus meets every definition of God. He is God the Son, He's 100%, God. The Bible says that you're not supposed to worship anybody but God, but you read here in Hebrews 1:6, God said let all the angels of God worship Him. Well, when the Apostle John tried to worship an angel, the angel says, "Don't do it. You're only supposed to worship God." Jesus when He rose from the dead, it says they worshipped Him. The Bible says that God created everything in the beginning. Well, the Bible says Jesus created everything. All things that were made were made by Him.
The Bible says there's no savior but Jehovah. Well, the Bible says Jesus is the Savior. The Bible says God and God only can forgive sin. Well, the Bible says that Jesus can forgive sin. The Bible says only God knows the thoughts of men's hearts. Well, Jesus knew what was in man. You go through all the definitions.
Jade: Great.
Pastor Doug: Go ahead, you were saying something.
Jade: That's great. Listen, the slightest thing I've heard is that if we worship Jesus then we're putting an idol before the Father, before God and we're not supposed to worship idols. Have you heard that?
Pastor Doug: No, I haven't but I'm not surprised. My question would be why would Jesus say when He rose from the dead, "All hail?" That's He's inviting them to worship and says, and they worshipped Him. Why would Jesus tell them to break the commandments? The Father is constantly trying to glorify the Son, and the Son, the Father.
Pastor John: I think the verse who you referring to there makes it quite clear where in verse eight, Paul who we believe wrote the book of Hebrews is quoting from the Old Testament, and he says but to the son He says, this is God the Father speaking to the Son. "Your throne, oh God is forever and ever." Here you have the Father referencing Christ and referring to him as God. You can't get more of a testimony than that.
Pastor Doug: Yes. If you're not going to believe the testimony of God, what higher authority do you appeal to?
Pastor John: Absolutely.
Pastor Doug: Very good. Hey, we appreciate your questions, Jade. I've just completed a new book dealing with a subject of understanding the mystery of the Trinity and not that anyone understands at all but we're going to do our best. Well, we can also send you a copy of the book right now. That's called The Trinity: Is it Biblical? where we talk about some of these issues. Appreciate your question. We're going to go back to the phones in just a moment, friends. We're going to take a drink of water, we do have some lines open, give us a call.
Speaker 1: Stay tuned. Bible Answers Live we'll return in a moment.
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Speaker 3: Journey back through time to the center of the universe. Discover how a perfect Angel transformed into Satan, the archvillain. The Birth of evil, a rebellion in heaven, a mutiny that moved to earth. Behold, the creation of a beautiful new planet, and the first humans. Witness the temptation of evil. Discovered God's amazing plan to save His children. This is a story that involves every life on earth. Every life. The cosmic conflict. If God is good, if God is all powerful, if God is love, then what went wrong?
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Speaker 3: Every Bible question you have answered moves you one step closer to the fullness of God's will for your life, so what are you waiting for? Get the answers you need for a fuller, richer, more confident life. You're listening to Bible Answers Live. This broadcast is a previously recorded episode. If you'd like answers to your Bible related questions on the air, please call us next Sunday between 7:00 PM and 8:00 PM Pacific Time.
To receive any of the Bible resources mentioned in this evening's program, call 800-835-6747. Once again, that's 800-835-6747. Now, let's join Pastors Doug Batchelor and John Ross for more Bible Answers Live.
Pastor Doug: Welcome back listening friends, we're going to go to phones in just a moment. This is Bible Answers Live and we do international interactive Bible study. You can call in with your questions. Once again, the number to the studio with your question, 800-463-7297. My name is Doug Batchelor.
Pastor John: My name is John Ross. We're going to go to our next caller. We have Mark listening in Indianapolis. Mark, welcome to the program.
Mark: Hi, thanks for taking my call.
Pastor Doug: Thank you for your patience. Your question?
Mark: I was in an ecumenical Bible study. The conversation started basically an activist where talks about having no images in the sky, on the ground, or under the ground, I believe. I don't have the exact track in front of me. Then the conversation went on to why did God instruct the Levites to put two large cherubim on the ark of covenant? Then we began talking about the snake that Moses was told to make and then have them gaze upon it. No one really had a good answer why after the fact those were instructed to be built. Then we digressed into major scenes, which may or may not be related.
Pastor Doug: I think the key, first of all, they're quoting from the second commandment, which says, "You're not to make the likeness of anything in the heaven above the earth, beneath the water, under the earth, and bow down thyself to them and serve them." God does not have any commandment against making a facsimile of something because when you think about it, God told Solomon to make 12 oxen and put it under the lever. That was the temple that Solomon built later. God told Moses to have the women inscribe angels on the veil curtain. The priest had pomegranates on the bottom of his garment. That's an image of something. The thing was, they were not to worship those things.
Now, there is one denomination, they don't even allow photographs. If you have a photograph in your wallet of your grandkids, or your kids, that's the likeness. I suppose there are some grandparents who do worship them. The idea is, you're not to have anything to be an idol or an image of a god. That's idolatry. Now, there are a number of churches that make statues of Peter, James, John, and Mary and people pray to them or the various saints, that is forbidden. To have a picture of your son or your daughter, your wedding picture on your piano or your wall, you're not praying to it. There's nothing wrong with that.
The commandment is not just don't make them. It says, "Do not make them and," see the sentence doesn't end, "Don't make them and bow down thyself to them."
Mark: Just an issue of worship, which the issue of worship is somewhat subjective on the viewer's part? [crosstalk]
Pastor Doug: Well, it can be. If a person's kneeling before an image and burning a candle, well, that's-- I talked to my Roman Catholic friends, and they said, "We're not worshiping this statue of Mary. I said, "Look when you're kneeling before it and burning the candle when you're praying." They said, "That's just to help us visualize Mary." I said, "I'm sorry then." Even the Buddhists when they kneel before a statue of Buddha, they know that statue is not the real Buddha. I don't think the excuse works when you take it that far. We shouldn't be prostrating ourselves before these things and bringing--
You go to some countries and they bring gifts and flowers and food and set it before these statues, that's idolatry. Having a photograph, or when God said to put angels on top of the ark, that's just to create an image of what heaven is like. We're not to pray to the ark, or to any idol.
Hey, thank you very much. You would enjoy the lesson we're offering tonight, it contains the commandments. That's called Written in Stone.
Pastor John: The number to call is 800-835-6747. You can ask for the study guide called Written in Stone.
Speaker 3: Written by the hand of God and spoken with His voice, some words will never fade.
Speaker 2: Get Pastor Doug Batchelor's 12 parts sermon series on the 10 commandments by calling 800-538-7275 or visit afbookstore.com.
Pastor John: We have David listening in Ohio. David, welcome to the program.
David: Hi. Hello, Pastor Doug. How are you today?
Pastor Doug: Good. Thanks for calling.
David: Excellent. I have a question, but I also have a request. Here in Cleveland, Ohio area, we'd like to see perhaps a little more evangelism out here. If it would be possible at some point, we'd love to see your Amazing Facts to come out here and do an evangelistic series. It's been a while. I've noticed that it really doesn't get over to the North Coast this much.
Pastor Doug: Send us an invitation. I don't think I've ever done a meeting in Ohio. I'd love to come.
David: Okay. Yes, I'd love that. I will orchestrate that if possible. My one question is in regards to the first angel's message. It starts out by saying this angel was proclaiming the everlasting gospel. I've been reading areas where it talks about preaching the gospel, and I see where Jesus preached the kingdom of the gospel. Also, Paul and Barnabas preach the kingdom of God. Then it even says in Galatians 3:8 that, "By faith, the gospel is preached to Abraham." That tells me that the same gospel has been preached from Genesis to Revelation and it's unchanging. I'm noticing in chapter 14 of Revelation 14:7, talking about, "To worship Him who made the heaven, the earth, the sea, and the springs of water." Can you elaborate on that, and how that identifies God's authority over the earth, and how it points to the fourth commandment?
Pastor Doug: Yes. For our friends, listening, we're talking about Revelation chapter 14. These are three angel messages. They go to the world immediately prior to the second coming of Jesus. It talks about preaching the everlasting gospel. In that first message, it says, "Worshiping Him that made." I think that we know much of the first world countries now, they don't believe that God made anymore. They don't believe in God as a creator. In fact, every Sabbath day when you think about it, we're remembering that God is the creator because He made all things in six days and He made one more day to remember He's a creator. That's why it says in the fourth commandment, "For in six days, the Lord made."
Every time we remember the Sabbath, we're remembering that in six days, God made the heaven, the earth, and the sea. That's the same phrase that you find here in Revelation chapter 14, "Worship Him that made the heaven, the earth, the sea, and the springs of water." We're being called back to worship God as a creator. We've got a lesson that talks about that that I think people would enjoy.
Pastor John: Our study guide called Angel Messages from Space talks about the three angels messages, just a very important study. We'll be happy to send this to anyone who calls and ask. The number is 800-835-6747. Ask for the study guide called Angel Messages from Space. If you have a Bible question, our phone line here to the studio is 800-463-7297.
We have Marcus listening from Alabama. Marcus, welcome to the program.
Marcus: Hey, thank you so much. How are you doing, Pastor?
Pastor Doug: Doing great. Thanks for calling.
Marcus: Thank you. Hey, I just had one question, I've been studying concerning the end time and this gospel when Jesus would tell them the signs that would happen before he would come.
Marcus: I ran across something that I just need a little bit more clarification on this. I've been praying and asking for some clarification is 2 Thessalonians 2:1-4, and really pertaining to verses 3 and 4 is--
Pastor Doug: "Let no man deceive you by any means: for that day shall not come, unless there come a falling away first, and the man of sin is revealed, the son of perdition, who opposeth and exalts himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped, so that He sits as God in the temple of God, showing Himself he is God." That the one you want?
Marcus: Right. Yes, sir. When I'm looking at that, it's actually talking about the devil himself, not necessarily a man in flesh.
Pastor Doug: Yes and no. Of course, the devil would enjoy doing that, even vicariously through any man. When you think about the beast's power in Revelation, it says, "For it is the number of a man." It's a position that is held by a man.
Now, I don't want to anger any of my orthodox or Catholic friends. The Protestants traditionally believed-- If you ask Martin Luther or John Wesley or John Calvin, they all believe this was talking about the Pope because when it says, "He sits in the temple of God, showing Himself He is God," they weren't thinking of rebuilding the Jewish temple. They were thinking that the church is the temple of God. Jesus said, "Destroy this temple made with hands, three days, I'll raise it up." He spoke of his body. Church is called the body of Christ. They said, "Here, the Pope says he's the universal father of the temple of God, the church."
The Protestant leaders always applied that verse to the position of the Pope, which was held by a man. I know that's probably you're shaking for some people listening, but it's not new, it's very old. I say that in love. That's just the fact of how the Protestants viewed that verse. The charismatics today they're thinking more of a demonic incarnation that is going to be a political religious leader of the world, so they've gotten away from the traditional Protestant view. What was your specific question on this verse?
Marcus: It was there because, well, another part of it was when it says he will be revealed that that means somebody exposes him. If it is a person in flesh.
Pastor Doug: Well, yes, when you get to Revelation, it tells us that circumstances will really force the hand of the beast so it starts out speaking like a lamb, but ends up speaking like a dragon and so it becomes obvious, what power is behind him. He starts out lamb-like, like Christ, ends up dragon-like, and so along the way he's revealed. [crosstalk] We have a lesson, I'd like to send you a lesson on it about Who is the Antichrist.
Pastor John: All you need to do is call and ask for it, we'll be happy to send it to you, Marcus, the number is 800-835-6747. You can ask for the study guy called, Who is the Antichrist? Gets right into this backstabbing of references, this verse, as well as several others that you find in the Book of Revelation. Next caller that we have is Sue also listening in Alabama. Sue welcome to the program.
Sue: Hi, how are you?
Pastor Doug: Good. Thank you for calling and waiting.
Sue: Thank you for having me. My question is I been baptized a couple of years back and I understand that you're forgiven and everything, but I was wondering how can you forgive yourself? Because there's you always bring in it. You always think about the stuff that you've done. I'm wondering how can you let go? [crosstalk]
Pastor Doug: That's a good question, I think all of us have done things where we deeply regret and we're sorry and you tell God, you're sorry. I believe, in my own case, I believe that God forgives, but whenever for whatever reason, that memory comes back, you cringe and then I remind myself, God says, if you repent and confess your sins, and this is a First John 1:9, I think, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness. Claim the promise that He forgives and He cleanses from all unrighteousness, then we've got to be careful that we don't set-up our opinion as a higher tribunal than God.
In other words if God says, "Look, I've forgiven you." And you say, "Yes, but I haven't forgiven myself," and God is thinking, "Who do you think you are? Do you think your opinion is more important than my word? If I say you're forgiven, you're forgiven." Now the devil will bring to our memory our past mistakes and as Martin Luther used to say, you cannot prevent the birds from flying over your head, but do not let them make a nest in your hair. Those thoughts may come, but when they come, just reject them and say that sin is now under the blood of Jesus and then move on.
Sue: Yes, sir, okay, I'll work on it.
Pastor Doug: Well, you should pray and believe. Trust the Lord. We've got a lesson that we can give you that talks about the grace of God.
Pastor John: The book you mentioned a little earlier, Richness of His Grace is a fantastic book. The number to call is 800-835-6747. That is the resource phone line. You can ask for the book called Richness of His Grace. I'll be happy to send it to anyone who calls and asks. We have Marla who's listening in Maryland. Marla welcome to the program.
Marla: Oh, hi pastors, I just have a question. My Bible study group, we were studying-- well, we still are studying Daniel and Revelation. Those two books go together like peas and carrots. I think it was in Revelation 22 where John is shown the vision of the river, of water of life and then, so John, who was he talking to? Was that Gabriel there?
Pastor Doug: Well say he calls him the angel of the Lord, many think it was Gabriel, but I don't know that it uses Gabriel's name.
Marla: I don't think it does, so John was talking to an angel regarding the river back in Daniel 12. This is my question. It's trivial, but it just got me thinking when we were studying it in our group, Daniel 12:5 says, "Then I Daniel looked and there stood two others, one on this river bank and the other on that river bank. One said to the man clothed in linen, who was above the waters of the river, how long shall the fulfillment of these wonders be?" Daniel was shown a vision of two people over the river. I'm wondering, was being shown a vision of John talking to the angel.
Pastor Doug: All Right, that's a great question. You've got my mind spinning, but I don't think so. If you look in Daniel 10:4, it says now on the 24th day of the first month, I was by the side of the great river. That is the Tigris and I lifted up my eyes and behold, a certain man clothed in linen. Now it's very symbolic because he realized the Tigris is mentioned in Genesis. I think it's one of the rivers with the Euphrates that's mentioned. If you look at the end of Ezekiel, that's the book just before Daniel and I'm trying to get the right verse, chapter four. I think it's, is it chapter 47? Yes.
Marla: Healing waters and the trees.
Pastor Doug: Yes, you go to chapter 47. He talks about along the bank of the river. Very many trees and it's very similar where it talks about revelation and the leaves of the tree and the fruit by the river, wherever the river goes, everything lives. Daniel, Ezekiel and Revelation end with a river of life. It sounds like. Now the Tigris was thought of to be river of life, but it's not the same Tigris or Euphrates that was in the Garden of Eden.
Anyway, I don't know if I made things. I don't think that Daniel was seeing John. I think Daniel was seeing the same vision and angel that Ezekiel and that John saw, that's talking about this river of life and the end of time, but the whole vision, Daniel 10, 11, 12 is one vision and he has the vision by the Tigris river but I think that's symbolic of the river of life that you've seen in Ezekiel and Revelation.
Marla: Okay, well that explains it.
Pastor Doug: All right well, that's a try.
Marla: I appreciate it.
Pastor Doug: Hey, thank you. Great question.
Speaker 1: Find out what the critics are raving about. Top scholars and theologians from around the country come together to reveal the hidden history of the Book of Revelation with powerful reenactments and incredible visual effects. This 95-minute masterpiece brings to life the Book of Revelation like never before, revelation is no longer a mystery, get your copy today. Visit iTunes or afbookstore.com. For life-changing Christian resources. Call 1 800-538-7275.
Pastor John: Next caller that we have is Robert listening from Washington. Robert, welcome to the program.
Robert: Thank you. I was calling about the Romans 8 and it mentioned three laws, the law of the spirit, the law of sin and death and the law of God. I was just wanting to know is the law of the spirit, is that equated with the law of God or the loss and death? Is that equated with the law of gun?
Pastor Doug: Well, the word law is sometimes Paul uses the word to talk about the rule or the way or the principle by which the spirit operates and when jogged by the law of the spirit, if you are spirit-filled, you will walk in the law of the Lord because the fruits of the spirit are love, joy, peace, so forth that you find in Galatians 5:22.
Pastor John: There are several laws referenced, but I think here Paul is emphasizing the fact that you have the law written on stone and it says, that's the law of sin and death. Meaning the wages of sin is death and in our own strength, we can keep the law and that's why he says in verse two, but the law of the spirit of life in Christ, Jesus has made me free from the law of sin and death.
It is through the power of God, working within the heart of the believer that became keep the law. Verse three, for what the law could not do, because it was weak through the flesh, God sending his own son in the likeness of sinful flesh on account of sin, condemned sin in the flesh. Here's the point verse four that, the righteous requirements of the law might be fulfilled in us who do not walk according to the flesh, but according to the spirit.
Pastor Doug: Which is what I was saying, if you're filled with the spirit and you're walking according to the law of the spirit, obviously if you're spirit-filled, you will not be lying or worshiping other gods, you'll be keeping the law. You're not under the penalty of the law anymore. The curse of the law. I think that you'd really enjoy that study guide that we're offering tonight, talking about written in stone, the law of God.
Pastor John: The number to call for that is 800-835-6747. You can ask for the study guide called written in stone. It talks about this very important subject, I think even references Romans 8 in that study guide. Our next caller that we have is Alan listening in Washington, Alan welcome to the program.
Alan: Yes, I'm calling from Iowa actually, Oskaloosa, Iowa. I really appreciate it you guys, I just heard your program for the first time tonight and I wanted to make a quick comment. Your answers on forgiveness and God's grace and mercy, spot on. I really appreciate you guys. I've got a question pertaining to suicide and losing our salvation, which I don't believe that you can. I had a really good friend that loved the Lord. She served him with all her heart, but she took her life. I believe when we need the Lord, I believe maybe He would say, "I wasn't expecting you for another 30 years. Why are you here now?"
That's my question. I've studied the scriptures, I've heard what other men of God have said on the subject, and I'm hesitant to ask because I don't want a Christian to think they can just end their life and still be eternally secure, but I believe that you are. I believe we might suffer a loss of rewards.
Pastor Doug: Well, let's talk about it for just a minute. You are asking one of the tough questions. I think virtually everybody listening, if you've lived for very long you've known somebody that was a believer and for whatever reason, in a moment of agony, depression, it might have been a chemical imbalance, it could've been medication from the final stages of cancer, they did something rash and they took their life. Does that mean their entire life of loving and serving the Lord evaporates? I think we have to be very careful not to judge that because God looks on the heart. We don't know everything they were going through. We don't know what kind of pain they were enduring.
I think God is a merciful God, so we need to be careful. But at the same time, it's a double-edged sword. We mustn't, as you just mentioned, give a person the idea that they can say, "Well, when I was nine-years-old, I accepted the Lord, so I'm having a rough time now. I'm just going to check out. I'm going to kill myself and God will resurrect me because once you're saved you can't be lost." That, I think, is reckless because if the last act of your life is self-murder, and we're made in the image of God, that's serious, too.
You look at the examples in the Bible of people that committed suicide and you have, I think of three examples, Ahithophel, who betrayed David and then he went out and hung himself like Judas, who betrayed Christ. Then you got Saul, I guess there was four, Saul and his armor-bearer, that fell on their swords. In all those cases, these characters were very likely not saved. Saul had grieved away the Holy Spirit. Judas said Satan entered him. The only one you can look at is maybe Samson, in a sense, is a suicide in that he probably knew they were about to kill him and he said, "Lord, let me die with the Philistines," and he stretched out his arms like Jesus and he laid down his life to defeat the enemies of God. Samson will be in heaven. You can read in Hebrews 11.
That's why I say we have to be very careful. Suicide is a very bad idea. People believe that life is sacred and people think that if I end my life, I'm somehow going to usher myself into a better existence. I think in most cases, they're going to be in for a big surprise, but I believe there's exceptions, so we got to be careful. Difficult question. I hope I didn't give too much of a rambling answer.
Alan: No, you did not. Yes, the secret things are of the Lord. Deuteronomy says that and I believe that. His ways and thoughts are higher than ours. I was hesitant to ask the question because I've been studying the scriptures about that. It does definitely show a lack of trust in the Lord and His will for our lives. I just was interested. I really enjoy your program and-
Pastor Doug: We hope it's habit-forming.
Alan: -[crosstalk] experience is just spot-on.
Pastor Doug: Call us again. Thank you very much.
Pastor John: The next caller that we have, we just got a few moments left, but we got Noah listening in Illinois. Noah, we have just a couple of minutes here before the end of the program.
Noah: Hey, Doug. My question is most my family are not Christians, right?
Noah: Is there anyone in the Bible that is going through the same thing as I am?
Pastor Doug: Yes, where you're a believer and most of your family is not. Joseph, for a while there, had 11 brothers, or 10 brothers that sold him into slavery and lied about it. He felt pretty forsaken, even though they went to church, so to speak, they claimed to believe in God. They sure weren't following God. I think there are some others in the Bible that you can point to. When the Gospel started to go out among the Gentiles, you would have one Gentile in the family that would convert. Many others then were not believers and they had to try and be witnesses.
That's why it says in first Peter that if a woman is married to an unbeliever, by her behavior, she reaches her husband. Friends, you can hear the music. It's kind of chasing us off the precipice. We'd love to hear from you again next week. You can support this ministry. Simply go to amazingfacts.org and click donate. Is that blunt enough? We'd love to have your help to stay on the air. God bless friends.
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Seventh-Day Adventists - Facts and Fables
Should a Christian Vote?
Can Christians be perfect like Jesus?
Does the Bible say we should judge sin in other Christians?
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New Heart Revival Series - Our Crucial Need for the Holy Spirit
The Danger of Diluting the Gospel
Above the Crowd
Compromise Conformity and Courage
Is Obedience Legalism?

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text:
Federal Court Provides Roadmap For Misclassification Success – Sort Of
posted by Nathan S. Gibson • April 24, 2017
From JDSupra, Michael Marra and Richard Meneghello discuss a recent case before the 2nd Circuit Court of Appeals in which the court identified three factors that were key to determining whether a worker was an employee or independent contractor. Michael and Richard write:
Court Establishes A 3-Step Plan For Success
The court first noted that any independent contractor misclassification dispute arising under the FLSA must be examined under an "economic realities" test. Such a test looks to the realities of the business relationship and ignores technical concepts, focusing primarily on whether CTG exercised "control" over the drivers to such a degree as to create an employment relationship.
The court concluded that, "even when the historical facts and relevant factors are viewed in the light most favorable to [the drivers], and despite the broad sweep of the FLSA's definition of 'employee,' the record here does not permit the conclusion that [the drivers] were employees, but instead establishes that they were in business for themselves."
They found the following three factors to be crucial to its decision:
The Drivers Had Entrepreneurial Opportunities Not Available to Employees
First, the court pointed out the drivers were permitted to work for direct competitors, and, in its calculus, "a company relinquishes control over its workers when it permits them to work for competitors." It noted the drivers' ability to earn income through work for others made them less economically dependent on CTG, thereby limiting any indicia of an employment relationship (.i.e., the economic reality of the relationship was not one of the drivers' complete dependence on CTG).The first lesson: employers that allow affiliated individuals to have broad entrepreneurial opportunities, even for competitive businesses, are much more likely to defeat a misclassification claim.
The Drivers Made A Heavy Investment In Their Business
Second, the court noted the drivers invested heavily in their own driving businesses. "Large capital expenditures," the court said, "are highly relevant to determining whether an individual is an employee or an independent contractor," as opposed to negligible items or simply providing the labor itself.In this case, the drivers first had to purchase a franchise to be eligible to work in CTG's system, which ran in the tens of thousands of dollars. Then, they had to acquire their own vehicle, at similar, substantial cost. On top of these one-time expenses, drivers were solely responsible for the costs of fuel, repair costs, maintenance fees, licensing, registration, and insurance, not to mention tolls, parking, and tickets. Some drivers even invested more heavily in their own businesses through their own advertising.The next lesson, then: to the extent possible, technology and other sharing businesses should require any workers utilizing the company's platform to invest in the workers' own business through the purchase of tools, equipment, licensing, transportation, and similar items. You can provide the tools (like apps) that can help a worker unleash the scale and productivity of their own business, but you should not become the equivalent of an investor or partner or bank for the workers' independent businesses. The more heavily invested the worker is, and less reliant on your company, the better your chance of winning a worker classification battle.
The Drivers Maintained A High Level Of Flexibility
Third, the court pointed to the many ways in which the drivers dictated their own fortunes, free of control from CTG. They chose how much to work or whether to work at all, and were not required to notify CTG when they took days (or weeks) off. The schedules were entirely of the drivers' own making. There was no incentive structure in place to reward drivers for operating at certain times, dates, or locations. In fact, drivers could decide when and where to drive free of any control of CTG, and could turn down requests for rides at any time.It might go without saying when describing a sharing economy business model, but to the greatest extent feasible independent workers should be free to pick and choose the work they do (or reject). Not only will this help attract the most qualified or dedicated workers to perform tasks on a given platform – gig workers routinely indicate they most crave the freedom afforded them by this kind of work – but it will also be an absolute key to prevailing against legal challenges regarding worker classification.
Source: Federal Court Provides Roadmap For Misclassification Success – Sort Of | Fisher Phillips – JDSupra
Black Car Drivers in New York City Held Independent Contractors By Federal Court of Appeals From JDSupra, Richard J. Reibstein discusses the recent Second Circuit Court of Appeals case which said that black car drivers in New York were independent contractors. Richard writes: The decision in Saleem v. Corporate Transportation Group Ltd., No. 15-88-cv, was issued yesterday, April 12, 2017. The case involves black-car drivers in the greater New…More →...
Idaho joins feds' misclassification program From Staffing Industry Analysts, the announcement that the United States Department of Labor (DOL) signed an agreement to work with the Idaho Department of Labor. It states: "Idaho is the 24th state to sign a memorandum of understanding with the Department of Labor as part of its misclassification initiative. Other states signing the memorandum include…More →...
Big For Gigs: New Florida Law To Eliminate Misclassification Battles From JD Supra, Richard Meneghello discusses the new Florida law and its similarity with a recent case from 2nd Circuit Court of Appeals. Richard writes: The key is that gig companies will have this protection from misclassification claims so long as they Avoid unilaterally prescribing specific hours during which drivers should be logged into the digital…More →...
Federal Circuit Affirms Dismissal of Independent Contractor Misclassification Claims From Lexology, Gregory V. Mersol discusses the dismissal of a claim by workers for Voice of America. Gregory writes: In Lee v. United States, Case No. 2017-1643 (Fed. Cir., July 13, 2018), the plaintiffs worked for the VOA under a series of contracts that provided they were to perform services as independent contractors. These workers…More →...
Earthquake in the Independent Contractor Misclassification Field: Changed Landscape Following Serious Legal Blow to FedEx Ground by Federal Appellate Court From the Independent Contractor Compliance and Misclassification Legal Blog — "FedEx Ground has been at the epicenter of the crackdown on IC misclassification by government regulators, state legislators, and plaintiffs' class action lawyers since 2007, when a California appellate court found single-route FedEx Ground delivery drivers to have been misclassified as independent contractors ICs instead…More →...
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1,300 truckers could see payout in Central Refrigerated classification case →


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Minnesota police report tells of another Hart family abuse allegation
CHRISTI WARREN
A Minnesota police report obtained Wednesday tells of another abuse allegation made by one of the Hart children, three years before Sarah Hart pleaded guilty to assaulting one of her six adoptive children and almost 10 years before the Washington family's fatal plunge from a Mendocino Coast cliff.
An Alexandria, Minnesota police report from September 2008, says that then 6-year-old Hannah Hart told authorities a bruise on her arm was caused when her mother Jen Hart struck her with a belt. When investigators questioned Jen and Sarah Hart about it, they said they didn't know how the bruise could have gotten there, "but stated that a few days prior to our interview, (Hannah) had fallen down eight stairs in their house," the report says. The case was referred to the county's social services department, with no indication of police follow-up.
In November 2010, another adoptive daughter, then 6-year-old Abigail Hart, told a teacher that the bruises — "owies" — on her abdomen and back appeared after Jen Hart disciplined her by putting her head under cold water, bending her over the bathtub and hitting her with a closed fist. When questioned about the incident, Sarah Hart took responsibility for the punishment, telling authorities she "let her anger get out of control."
Sarah Hart pleaded guilty to domestic assault the next spring, and one day after a probation agreement was reached, she and Jen Hart pulled Abigail Hart and all five of her siblings from Alexandria Public Schools, in favor of a home school environment.
Prior to their SUV's crash off a 100-foot Mendocino Coast cliff, which authorities are now calling "intentional," a concerned friend filed a 2013 domestic abuse case against them in West Linn, Oregon, and following their move to Woodland, Washington in 2017, a fourth domestic abuse allegation was filed in March 2018.
Three days after a Washington State Department of Social and Health Services worker attempted to contact the Hart family, five of their bodies, including Abigail Hart, now 14, were found near their SUV at the base of a cliff north of Westport.
Hannah Hart, 16, Devonte Hart, 16, and Cierra Hart, 12, are still missing.
You can reach Staff Writer Christi Warren at 707-521-5205 or christi.warren@pressdemocrat.com. On Twitter @SeaWarren.
Editor's note: The Sheriff's Office had initially identified the missing person from Woodland, Washington as Sierra Hart. The correct spelling is Cierra Hart. This article has been corrected to reflect this change.


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STPI Creative Workshop & Gallery
Creative Workshop & Gallery
Guest Studio Rental & Membership
Friends of STPI
STPI x The Corner Shop
© STPI
Current/Upcoming
BMW YAAS II: The Singapore Edition: David Chan, Donna Ong and :phunk
BMW Asia's involvement with STPI was a natural culmination of efforts and shared vision to nurture the next generation of artists who have the potential to add vibrancy to the arts scene here. At STPI, each artist spent two weeks working alongside STPI's workshop team exploring new ideas and print techniques to create fresh, innovative and cutting-edge works for this exhibition.
The managing director of BMW Asia, Mr Johannes Seibert, said the company has always been an avid supporter of the arts. "We are pleased to see that the artists we have supported from the last Series are doing well. We strongly believe that talent should be supported and nurtured, which is why we are once again supporting the second series and specifically focusing on local Singaporean talents. We hope this initiative has provided inspiration and opportunity for the young local artists as they develop their careers".
BMW YAAS II features Singaporean artists David Chan, Donna Ong, and :phunk studio. The artists were invited to spend two weeks at STPI to search new ideas and print techniques in order to create daring, inventive, and cutting edge works. They were challenged to discover an unfamiliar technique using the resources at STPI. Working closely with STPI's workshop team, each artist was given the complete artistic freedom to study a specific print medium in order to increase their own personal creative boundaries and produce works unable to have been completed alone.
David Chan's theme of "Hybrid Society" extended to STPI's studio where he created specially flocked screen prints for his fine drawings of baby hybrid hummingbirds and flowers. For this particular series, Chan focused on the anticipation felt by expecting parents and providers who await the birth of their hybrid hummingbird baby. The hybrid baby is symbolic of innocent newborns that are eager to greet the world and feed on the nectars of life. The flower is a metaphor for a parent's need to care for and provide for their unborn child. In the center of each flower is candy, representative of the sweet nectar located within a flower. The candy appeals to the baby even more, with its bright colours and border of luminescent glow-in-the-dark ink. As the hummingbird babies mature, they are each greeted by a flower as they are birthed into the world. Chan's art is an extension of himself and of his beliefs, combining wit with sensibility. His art is meant to inform, it demands reaction, reflection, and self-criticism, and serves a purpose other than aesthetics and decoration.
As an installation artist, Ong pushed two dimensional prints into three dimensional multiples at STPI. Made out of Japanese paper and acrylic, her new body of works is a diorama of a mysterious underworld of caves and quarries, symbolising a hidden realm of secret desires. Ong's works are based on dreams and fascinations that evoke curiosity and stir the senses. She fashions objects and contraptions which bewilder yet intrigue. Her pieces delve deep into the imagination of fantasy and the sublime.
:phunk studio is a homegrown name that consists of a quartet of artists, Alvin Tan, Melvin Chee, Jackson Tan, and William Chan. Influenced by both the east and the west, :phunk studio visualised a robotic theme park fusing Hong Kong pulp fiction, Japanese manga, and Western pop culture into a series of complex silk screened prints that are brightly coloured and strangely hypnotic. The robots are full of character and spunk, inspired by a song by the French electronic duo, Daft Punk. :phunk studio is known for their graphics that challenge the definition of "art" and the way art is presented. Their works are a response to today's pop culture and the trends that are constantly changing with the world. :phunk studio's role, as artists is to innovate, inspire, inform the public regardless of the type of media chosen. Their art is meant to communicate messages effectively to society, messages that come from :phunk studio's observations of history and happenings of the world around them.


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The Complicated History of the Royal Family's Last Name, Mountbatten-Windsor
Prince Harry's son Archie's surname is Mountbatten-Windsor. But what does that mean—and who else gets to use it?
By Caroline Hallemann
The Duchess of Sussex gave birth to her first child early Monday morning, and over the course of this week, Meghan and Harry have shared a few details about their son with the world.
Most notably, they revealed the youngster's name—Archie Harrison Mountbatten-Windsor—on Wednesday, after posing for a photocall in Windsor Castle.
The meanings behind little Archie's first and middle names are fairly simple. A royal source reportedly shared with CNN that the Duke and Duchess of Sussex chose their son's name because they "just liked the name Archie."
A royal source explains Meghan and Harry's name choice to @MaxFosterCNN: The Duke and Duchess of Sussex "just liked the name Archie," and Harrison was chosen to mean "son of Harry" https://t.co/F2UE8QsHOI pic.twitter.com/6xpW5QJ2eG
And then, Harrison quite literally means son of Harry or Henry. But the baby's surname, Mountbatten-Windsor, requires a bit more explanation.
Who gets to use the last name Mountbatten-Windsor?
Little Archie Harrison Mountbatten-Windsor makes his public debut.
WPA PoolGetty Images
According to the royal family's website, when male or unmarried female descendants of Queen Elizabeth need to use a surname (which is what Americans would more often refer to as a last name), Mountbatten-Windsor is available to them.
"For the most part, members of the Royal Family who are entitled to the style and dignity of HRH Prince or Princess do not need a surname," reads the site. "But if at any time any of them do need a surname (such as upon marriage), that surname is Mountbatten-Windsor."
Given that Archie does not currently have a royal title, the use of Mountbatten-Windsor as a surname makes sense. Archie's first cousins once removed, Lady Louise and James, Viscount Severn, who are the children of Prince Edward, also use Mountbatten-Windsor as their surnames.
Lady Louise and James, Viscount Severn both use the last name Mountbatten-Windsor. Here they are on the Buckingham Palace balcony with their parents, Prince Edward and Sophie, Countess of Wessex.
As naming traditions in the United Kingdom are patriarchal, Princess Anne's children, Zara and Peter, used the surname of their father, Mark Phillips, growing up. Following her marriage to Mike Tindall, Zara eventually started to use Tindall as her surname. Peter and his wife and children use the last name Phillips, and Zara's children use the last name Tindall.
Similarly, if Princess Eugenie has children with her husband Jack Brooksbank, their surname will almost certainly be Brooksbank, not Mountbatten-Windsor.
All that said, some royals choose to use the name of their Dukedom as a surname. For example, Prince George uses the last name Cambridge at school, as his father is the Duke of Cambridge. Little Archie could have used the surname Sussex, but for whatever reason Meghan and Harry opted against that. Growing up Prince William and Prince Harry used the surname Wales, since their father was the Prince of Wales.
Why do some people use the surname Windsor, without the Mountbatten?
Lord Frederick Windsor (seen here with his mother Princess Michael of Kent) is able to use the surname Windsor because he is a descendant of George V.
David M. BenettGetty Images
The last name Windsor is available to be used by all male and unmarried female descendants of George V. That explains why Prince Michael of Kent's children Ella and Freddie use the last name Windsor. (Prince Michael is the Queen's first cousin, and a grandson of George V.)
"In 1960, The Queen and The Duke of Edinburgh decided that they would like their own direct descendants to be distinguished from the rest of the Royal Family (without changing the name of the Royal House), as Windsor is the surname used by all the male and unmarried female descendants of George V," reads the royal family's website.
The Privy Council then decided that the Queen's direct descendants would use the last name Mountbatten-Windsor, so that's when the split occurred.
Where does the name Mountbatten-Windsor come from?
Then-Princess Elizabeth poses with her future husband Lieutenant Philip Mountbatten and her sister Princess Margaret in Buckingham Palace in 1947.
Keystone-FranceGetty Images
The original name of Windsor dynasty was the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, but following World War I, Queen Elizabeth's grandfather King George V was concerned about anti-German sentiment in the United Kingdom. He changed the name to the House of Windsor, after Windsor Castle. In doing so, members of the royal family adopted Windsor as a surname as well.
The "Mountbatten" portion of Mountbatten Windsor comes from Prince Philip. Philip was a Prince of Greece and Denmark, but he gave up those titles when he became a naturalized British citizen in 1947, and took the surname Mountbatten, his mother's family name. Phillip was quite close to the Mountbattens growing up, and even lived with them for a period of time.
Breaking Down the New Royal Baby's Name
The Cutest Photos of Archie Mountbatten-Windsor
What Will the New Royal Baby's Title Be?
Caroline Hallemann Digital News Director As the digital news director for Town & Country, Caroline Hallemann covers everything from the British royal family to the latest episodes of Outlander, Killing Eve, and The Crown.
More From Royal Family News
Duchess Kate Wore Layers of Caramel Tones
Princess Beatrice Sent Thank-You Notes to Her Fans
Photos of Royal Family Members with Dogs
How Diana Sought Advice On Interfaith Marriage
Kate Middleton's Greatest Style Moments
Public Invited to Show Their Royal Photographs
Harry and Meghan Sent Food for The King Center
Prince Harry in Dispute Over UK Security
Prince Andrew Source on His Legal Battle
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Royal Family News
The Royal Baby's Name Is Archie!
The Secret History of the Royal Train
Lilibet Officially Added to Line of Succession
What Will Meghan Markle's New Last Name Will Be?
Mountbatten Treasures Are Up for Sale


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Man indicted in overdose death of single mom
DELAND, Fla. (WOFL FOX 35) - A Volusia County grand jury has charged a convicted drug dealer with first-degree murder.
Steve Montilla, 31, has been indicted in the overdose death of a single Deltona mother of a three-year-old girl.
The family of Jacqueline Griggs discovered her unresponsive at the Parkview Court apartments in Oct. of 2017. Responding deputies tried to revive Griggs using Narcan nasal spray, but she showed no signs of life. She was pronounced dead minutes later.
A partially full syringe was found next to her body, and another syringe and baggies of white powder where on the bathroom countertop, according to police. The powder tested positive for the presence of fentanyl.
Detectives said they were able to find a link to Montilla through Griggs' cellphone. They arranged for a drug transaction, and he was arrested shortly thereafter.
"In every case we can, we're going to go after these scumbags who are slinging poison on our streets," Sheriff Mike Chitwood said Monday. "We're going to put them behind bars where they belong, where they can't end the life of another person addicted to their deadly product."
Montilla was recently sentenced to 39 months in state prison for trafficking heroin and related crimes.


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Best in Staffordshire
Mystery buyers snap up Swadlincote former church - and the burial ground
The original church is believed to have been a chapel built by Wesleyan Methodists in 1816
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Helen KreftSenior reporter
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Two mystery buyers have snapped up a 200-year-old former Methodist church in Swadlincote - complete with organ and graveyard - and its adjoining church hall for a total of £137,000.
The church and hall, in West Street, were originally sold at auction in September for £200,000 along with three neighbouring shops with living space above.
But just three months later they have been sold again at a second auction held last week, although the stores were not included.
The site also has lots of parking
With a guide price of £40,000 each, the totals were comfortably smashed with the church, complete with organ and graveyard, fetching £56,500, while the church hall was sold for £81,000.
It means the original buyer who spent £200,000 has now made £137,000, meaning the three shops cost just £63,000 in total.
Dilapidated Gresley church forced to shut until £500,000 in repairs are made
A spokesman for auctioneers SDL Auctions Graham Penny previously described it as "a very rare and exciting opportunity to acquire a former detached Methodist church with an adjoining church hall."
The organ comes with the lot
The property is set on a site of approximately 0.388 acres and also includes the adjoining church burial ground. The church hall used to house the Sunday school.
The original church is believed to have been a chapel built by Wesleyan Methodists in 1816, which was subsequently enlarged in or around 1823, and further enlarged in 1837, then subsequently rebuilt in 1863.
There is also a burial ground
The building includes a pulpit, two storage rooms and a toilet, along with storage space and a room accommodating the organ.
A spokesman for SDL Auctions Graham Penny would not confirm who the mystery buyers are. It is unknown what their plans are for the buildings.
Which were the cheapest - and most expensive - Burton homes sold recently
Other plans for churches
Swadlincote Methodist Church is not the first place of worship to face a new future.
A former church in a village on the outskirts of Burton whose foundation stone was laid by the grandfather of the disgraced leader of the British Union of Fascists, Sir Oswald Mosley, will be turned into a home after a dwindling congregation forced its closure.
Rolleston Methodist Church, in Chapel Lane, will be converted into a five-bedroom home after plans to preserve the building for community use fell through.
Which property owners have the largest number of sites in Burton? We have the ultimate list
Another church which became victim of a dwindling congregation will also be turned into a family home.
The Stanhope Bretby Methodist Church, in Bretby Road East, Bretby, was recently purchased at auction for £77,000 and now plans have been approved to turn it into a three-bedroom home.
Plans also include an extension to the former church.
The Trinity Methodist and United Reformed Church, in George Street, Burton, closed in 2011 due to unaffordable maintenance costs and, again, a dwindling congregation.
It later reopened as The Trinity, a licensed cafe bar with adjacent businesses.
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