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Tag Archives: fallen woman
William James Grant – The Bridge of Sighs
Mad from life's history,
Glad to death's mystery,
Swift to be hurl'd—
Anywhere, anywhere
Out of the world!
William James Grant, The Bridge of Sighs, mid 1850s, oil on panel, 5 inches in Diameter
If a woman succumbs to society's condemnation and feels that she cannot live with herself and her shame any longer… then drowning in the Thames is the only option. This is exactly what is portrayed in Grant's painting "The Bridge of Sighs". Pale young woman was found drowned, washed on the shores of the Thames, just near the bridge but moments ago. And now the man who found her is holding her frail pale body in his arm and taking her out of the water. Colourful shawl and the white dress are heavy and wet, but not heavier then her heart must have been before she made this decision. Look how lifelessly her arm, head and hair are hanging. The sad heart beats no more. Here is what the same-named poem says of the moment:
Ere her limbs frigidly
Stiffen too rigidly,
Decently, kindly,
Smooth and compose them;
And her eyes, close them,
Staring so blindly!
The theme of a fallen woman was very popular in the Victorian era, especially in the 1850s and 1860s. All members of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhod; Rossetti, Millais and Hunt explored the theme, each in his own way, and many other artists followed their example and painted a theme which included exposing the hypocrisy of the Victorian society. It was very easy to be a fallen woman in Victorian era: "Fallen" was therefore an umbrella term that was applied to a variety of women in a variety of settings: she may have been a woman who had had sex once or habitually outside the confines of marriage; a woman of a lower socio-economic class; a woman who had been raped or seduced by a male aggressor; a woman with a shady reputation; or a prostitute. Furthermore, prostitution was defined in a range of ways and the "reality was that hard economic times meant that for many women, prostitution was the only way to make ends meet. Many … were only transient fallen women, moving in and out of the profession (of prostitution) as family finances dictated.'(*)
So this woman wasn't necessarily a prostitute, she could have also been a working class girl whose lover abandoned her. Or, she could have been a shop worker whose destitute situation compelled her, maybe even once, to prostitution. Once or ten times, she is fallen nonetheless and tainted in the eyes of the respectable world. This painting is the most recent example of this theme that I stumbled upon, and it instantly appealed to me. It's apparently very small, just little less than 13 cm in diameter. The round shaped canvas with closely cropped figures of the woman's poignantly painted dead body, two men, and the sinister bridge in the background, along with the frame inscribed with a stanza from Thomas Hood's poem "The Bridge of Sighs" is just striking. All these artworks are poetic and empathetic views of a bleak theme, and that brings to my mind the kitchen sink drama films which I love so much. In such films, the protagonist is faced with a huge life dilemma. The theme was equally explored in Victorian era literature; we have Charles Dickens's kind-hearted prostitutes and most importantly Thomas Hood's poem "The Bridge of Sighs", published in 1844. The poem tells a story of an anonymous young woman, desperate and abandoned by her lover, pregnant and thrown out of her home, who committed suicide by jumping of off a bridge. Here is the whole poem:
One more Unfortunate,
Weary of breath,
Rashly importunate,
Gone to her death!
Take her up tenderly,
Lift her with care;
Fashion'd so slenderly
Young, and so fair!
Look at her garments
Clinging like cerements;
Whilst the wave constantly
Drips from her clothing;
Take her up instantly,
Loving, not loathing.
Touch her not scornfully;
Think of her mournfully,
Gently and humanly;
Not of the stains of her,
All that remains of her
Now is pure womanly.
Make no deep scrutiny
Into her mutiny
Rash and undutiful:
Past all dishonour,
Death has left on her
Only the beautiful.
Still, for all slips of hers,
One of Eve's family—
Wipe those poor lips of hers
Oozing so clammily.
Loop up her tresses
Escaped from the comb,
Her fair auburn tresses;
Whilst wonderment guesses
Where was her home?
Who was her father?
Who was her mother?
Had she a sister?
Had she a brother?
Or was there a dearer one
Still, and a nearer one
Yet, than all other?
Alas! for the rarity
Of Christian charity
Under the sun!
O, it was pitiful!
Near a whole city full,
Home she had none.
Sisterly, brotherly,
Fatherly, motherly
Feelings had changed:
Love, by harsh evidence,
Thrown from its eminence;
Even God's providence
Seeming estranged.
Where the lamps quiver
So far in the river,
With many a light
From window and casement,
From garret to basement,
She stood, with amazement,
Houseless by night.
The bleak wind of March
Made her tremble and shiver;
But not the dark arch,
Or the black flowing river:
In she plunged boldly—
No matter how coldly
The rough river ran—
Over the brink of it,
Picture it—think of it,
Dissolute Man!
Lave in it, drink of it,
Then, if you can!
Fashion'd so slenderly,
Dreadfully staring
Thro' muddy impurity,
As when with the daring
Last look of despairing
Fix'd on futurity.
Perishing gloomily,
Spurr'd by contumely,
Cold inhumanity,
Burning insanity,
Into her rest.—
Cross her hands humbly
As if praying dumbly,
Over her breast!
Owning her weakness,
Her evil behaviour,
And leaving, with meekness,
Her sins to her Saviour!
Tags: 1844, 1850s, abandoned, art, dead body, dead woman, Death, fallen woman, London, Painting, Pre-Raphaelites, prostitute, Thames, The Bridge of Sighs, Thomas Hood, victorian art, Victorian era, William James Grant
Categories Art, Victorian era
John Roddam Spencer Stanhope: Thoughts of the Past
"Roxanne, you don't have to wear that dress tonight, walk the streets for money, you don't care if it's wrong or if it's right…" (The Police)
John Roddam Spencer Stanhope, Thoughts of the Past, 1859
A sad-eyed red haired young woman is standing by the window in her shabby room overlooking the harbour and the grey waters of the Thames. Space around her is dark and cluttered, and it's hard to distinguish all the details. The window to her right is overlooking the dark murky waters of the Thames, but the colours and style of the painting might lead us to assume the window is overlooking the gloomy canals of Bruges; it has a touch of Northern Renaissance and especially Van Eyck's tall lean figures in strange cluttered spaces. Stanhope actually painted this in the studio at Chatham Place by the Thames just bellow the studio where Rossetti and Elizabeth Siddal spent many happy hours in love. The woman's face with those large very sad eyes and ruby red lips pressed together reveals her inner drama and tells us into her story. She is holding her long hair with her right hand, and she's holding the brush in the left, but it's looks more like she is clutching them both. There's uneasiness about her gestures and face expression; one can sense something isn't quite right. A cloud of heavy silence and the anticipation of the inevitable downfall hangs above the room.
This is Stanhope's first exhibited painting and he is considered the second generation Pre-Raphaelite. The style, the theme and the mood of the painting are indeed very Pre-Raphaelite. Also, a typical Pre-Rapahelite painting with all its details and layers of symbolism allows us to read it almost like we would a book; gazing, investigating, and interpreting. A motif of a sad woman deep in her thoughts reminds of Millais' Mariana although in that painting the inspiration was taken from Shakespeare's work and in this painting by Stanhope the motif is taken directly from their day to day Victorian reality. This red-haired woman in the painting is a prostitute contemplating her life so far; reeking of sin and immorality, and feeling turmoil that seemingly has no answer. She is dressed in an informal clothes, there's money and jewellery on her dressing table and in the lower left corner we see a man's glove and a stick, part of it. The curtains are torn in one place, and the plant under the window looks sickly, striving for light and fresh air but never reaching it. The view from her window, looking on the dirty waters of the Thames indicate the only destiny suitable for a fallen woman such as herself: suicide by drowning. Living is no option because in the eyes of the respectable Victorian society, she is already tainted, and suicide would be the only path to redemption.
As you can see in the study bellow, Stanhope originally intended to paint the woman with eyes looking upwards, just like in Baroque painting of female saints. The model was Fanny Corthforth who was also Rossetti's lover and, in 1858, also posed for his painting "Found", another fallen-woman theme painting. As effective as that face expression is in some paintings, I am glad Stanhope discarded the idea because it can seem overly sentimental, even pathetic. Instead, he portrayed her gazing straight at us and by doing that he involved us, the viewer, and drew us into her world of indecision, moral quandary and despair. I think it also brought the fallen woman and her problem down to an earthly realm; her gaze condemns society she lives in here on earth, instead of seeking help from the heavens above. It isn't God who judges her, it's society. Her struggles are much more than sugary sentimentalism that Victorians loved.
A study for the painting
Tags: 1859, art, British Art, doom, fallen woman, John Roddam Spencer Stanhope, Painting, Pre-Raphaelites, prostitute, Sadness, Thoughts of the Past, victorian art, Victorian era
Categories Art, Pre-Raphaelites, Victorian era


This is a cautionary tale for America's small employers.
One hundred people died in the Station Nightclub fire, one of the worst tragedies in American history.
Yesterday, the brothers, Jeffrey A. Derderian and Michael A. Derderian, who owned the Station Nightclub in West Warwick, Rhode Island, and Daniel M. Biechele, the tour manager for the band, Great White, were each charged with 200 counts of involuntary manslaughter, two for each death. Each count carries a possible penalty of up to 30 years in prison.
The Derderians have owned the club since the year 2000. Overwhelmed by the enormity of the catastrophe, lost in the proverbial shuffle, actually, is the fact that in all that time they never purchased a workers' compensation insurance policy, a statutory requirement.
There were 16 Station Night Club employees working the night of the fire. Four of them died. If there had been workers' compensation insurance, the families of the dead employees would have been eligible for a meager $5,000 burial benefit. A surviving spouse would have been eligible to receive two-thirds of the deceased's average weekly wage until death or remarriage.
Absent the insurance, the state stepped in and paid the benefits from a special fund created for such an event and funded by all employers in the state, all employers who purchase workers' compensation, that is. The state then fined the brothers a little more than $1 million.
I find it interesting that right after the fine was announced, workers' compensation applications in Rhode Island increased dramatically. Fancy that.
We'll have a lot more on this in subsequent postings. Stay tuned.
This entry was posted on Thursday, December 11th, 2003 at 1:49 pm	and is filed under State News. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.


Get ready for Halloween, or at least get your iOS devices' photos ready, with Facinate Halloween, an app that lets you add goofy costume props to your photos. It leads today's Fresh iPhone Apps list, along with Living Language – Spanish, an app that's like a Spanish class in your iPhone or iPad. Eve of Impact leads off our game selection, in which you'll use missiles to defend the Earth from asteroids while the planet is evacuated, followed by Hungry Sumo, an action-puzzler in which you'll have to feed your sumo wrestler so he can grow large and defeat smaller sumos.
Halloween is fast approaching, but you don't need to dress up in a costume to take great photos and get into the spirit. Facinate Halloween is designed to take the dressing up part out of the equation, instead providing you with the ability to put virtual items on the pictures you take with your iOS device. Facinate Halloween is loaded down with Halloween-type items, like jack-o-lantern eyes, devil horns and more.
You can use photos you snap with the app or import photos from your device's camera roll. It includes more than 100 items you can add to photos, and also has the ability to upload pics straight to Facebook, save them to your camera roll or email them to others.
Let your iOS devices teach you Spanish with the latest of Living Language's apps, this one geared toward Spanish and designed for the iPhone. The app includes things like flashcard-style that include Spanish words and their English translations on the backs of the cards, audio pronunciations, grammar lessons and more, creating full lessons for each of the app's difficulty levels: Essential, Intermediate and Advanced.
Living Language – Spanish packs 11 lessons spread over three levels with the free app download, allowing you to try it out for free. The rest can be unlocked through an in-app purchase of $14.99. That nets you 46 lessons spread out over three courses.
The Earth is a being assaulted by a massive meteor shower. The end of the world is imminent, and the only thing that can be done is the evacuation of the planet. But time is of the essence, and while the Earth is protected by a shield, it can't withstand too many meteor strikes. Your job: protect the planet for as long as possible with Earth's defensive missiles. But you can blow up the asteroids, because the pieces just keep going – you need to use the shockwave from the missiles' explosions to send the rocks off-course.
Eve of Impact's missiles are fired by tapping, and were you tap on the screen is where your missiles are fired and detonated. The longer you protect the planet, the more people can evacuate it, which counts toward your score. When the planet takes too many hits, it's all over, though.
READ iPhone App Video Review: Puckerz!
Puzzle arcade game Hungry Sumo includes lots of different kinds of games all mashed together. Primarily, it's a simple game in which you control a sumo wrestler that bounces around the screen with other, enemy sumos. When the sumos touch, they take hits, and if your sumo gets hit too much by bigger sumos, it'll turn into one of the enemies. Lose all your sumos and you lose the game; but you can pump up your sumo by quickly tapping it (so long as he doesn't get hit while you're making him grow) and make it take over the enemies, instead.
As you clear out more and more puzzle levels, you'll eventually play bonus stages, like a whack-a-mole-style game, or a slicing game similar to Fruit Ninja. You score points by bouncing into sumos and finishing the levels quickly, or by scoring well during the bonus rounds. The more you rack up, the higher you'll be able to place on the game's online leaderboards, provided by Game Center.


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The Town Clerk's Office has many reports, documents, and guides available in hard copy; some for a price set to recover printing costs, some for free.
It is the mission of the Town Clerk's Office to be a primary provider of information and quality services to the community, and to work cooperatively and in coordination with Town Officials and Departments, while performing a wide-range of functions to achieve established goals and to comply with state and local statutes.
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2020 Rabies Clinic Information
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Election-related Information
Historic District Commission Decisions
Town Meeting Records
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The Office issues a number of licenses and permits - marriage, dog, business certificates (DBA) and raffle permits.
The Clerk's Office conducts the Annual Town Census, and serves as the Town's liaison to federal officials for the decennial federal census. In conjunction with the Board of Registrars, the Clerk's Office registers voters and conducts all local, state and federal elections.
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Veyron Designer Returns to VW
Volkswagen General Car Car news
Europe's most important automotive group has a new designer for its core brand.
VW has announced that a Slovakian will become the company's new chief designer, an appointment which will be hugely important as the German business attempts perhaps the most ambitious vehicle electrification strategy in history.
The man who will oversee and direct all future design work for VW, starting in January 2020, is Jozef Kabaň. And for the 46-year old Slovakian, it completes an interesting career orbit.
Kabaň trained in his native Slovakia before moving to London for advanced study at London's Royal College of Art. He started his car designing career at VW, back in the 1990s. Kabaň's first notable promotion was a move to Audi, in 2003.
By 2007, Kabaň was entrusted with all exterior design at Audi – at a time when the German premium brand was producing some of its most revered work.
As one would expect of somebody with strong Slovak roots, Kabaň spent a long time at VW's Skoda sub-brand, working as design chief from 2008-2017.
In 2018 Kabaň defected to BMW to become head of design. He was soon moved to BMW's British luxury division, Rolls-Royce, but his tenure here was short. Kabaň only remained with Rolls-Royce for less than half a year.
VW has now managed to reemploy one of its most experienced and daring designs. For Kabaň the challenge will be to translate classic VW design simplicity and values to a range of new electric vehicles which will have radically different proportions and packaging.
There can be little doubt regarding Kabaň's design credential or talent. He was responsible for the exterior design of the Bugatti Veyron.
Volkswagen Golf 8 (2020) International Launch Review
Why VW Should Build this Electric Bakkie
Providing you with the latest motoring news, new car releases and the simplest way to buy and sell cars.
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2019/20 Cars.co.za Consumer Awards - Powered by WesBank; Finalists
Volkswagen ID.4 set for mid-year debut
Volkswagen Announces Golf R Final Edition
VW's Fortuner Rival Updated
VW teases new Polo-based cross-coupe
Classic 1972 VW Type 2 Bus Goes Electric
Nov 22nd, 2019


When the Duchess of Cambridge attended her first public solo engagement with the Queen this week, many wanted to know why it came eight years after she joined the royal family.
It took Meghan Markle – now the Duchess of Sussex – just under a month to attend her first solo event with Her Majesty after marrying Prince Harry.
On social media this week, royal fans were puzzled when it was reported the Queen and Kate were had embarked on their first official joint engagement after so many years.
After all, the two women have been pictured together on royal duty on at least six separate occasions, but many had incorrectly assumed they were alone, or had forgotten the finer details.
Those previous appearances either included another member of the royal family, or were private events held behind palace walls.
The first time Kate joined the Queen in any official capacity – without husband Prince William – was in July 2011, three months after her wedding at Westminster Abbey in April.
Together, they viewed the Duchess's wedding gown, which was on display inside the State Rooms of Buckingham Palace, on July 22. Although the two women were the only members of the royal family present, the occasion was a private one.
The following year was to be a defining one for Kate and her relationship with her grandmother-in-law.
She joined the Queen and Camilla, the Duchess of Cornwall, for a visit to upmarket London department store Fortnum and Mason on March 1 2012.
The royal ladies met military personnel involved in the Gifts For Troops scheme, which sends packages to soldiers serving in Afghanistan. They also viewed a display of tea and biscuits similar to those which were sent to troops deployed overseas on operations during the Diamond Jubilee weekend.
A week later, the Duchess of Cambridge joined the Queen on day a visit to Leicester – the first stop on the program for her Diamond Jubilee tour, marking 60 years since Her Majesty ascended the British throne. To celebrate the milestone—last marked with Queen Victoria in 1987—she and Prince Philip toured much of the UK over several months.
Kate, along with the Queen and Prince Philip, travelled from London by train to Leicester, visiting the city's cathedral and watching a fashion show at De Montfort University. The two women were photographed chatting throughout the parade.
In June, Kate and William joined the Queen on the Diamond Jubilee tour once again this time for a visit to Vernon Park in Nottingham. Royal fashion watchers were quick to point out Kate had worn the same Missoni coat she had on during her engagement with the Queen and Camilla in March. It was at this event that one of the most beloved photos of the monarch and Kate were taken, depicting the two women seated and laughing something that had amused Her Majesty.
The following year, in March 2013, Kate joined the Queen and Prince Philip for a visit to Baker Street station to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the London Underground. Kate, who was pregnant with Prince George at the time, was given a badge with the words 'Baby on Board', worn by expecting women riding the tube so they don't have to ask for a seat.
In February 2014, Kate accompanied the Queen to a Buckingham Palace reception, hosted by Her Majesty in honour of the Dramatic Arts.
So why has it taken the Duchess of Cambridge so many years attend an event with the Queen, away from the palace and other members of the royal family?
Since her husband Prince Philip officially retired from public duties in 2017, the monarch has been left to rely on her family for company at many of her engagements.
In regards to the Queen's relationship with her two granddaughters-in-law, author and royal commentator Marlene Koenig says people should not "read anything into" the most recent outing.
"It was stated after [Meghan and Harry's] wedding that Meghan would be learning more about the monarchy and how things work - I consider her visit with the Queen as having a masterclass in royal training," Koenig told The Express.
While body language expert Judy James told The Sun: "Unlike Kate, who had spent years integrating slowly, Meghan was fast-tracked into her royal duties.
"It's becoming increasingly clear from their body language together that Kate and her grandmother-in-law are friends as well as Queen and future Queen. The Queen takes a role-sharing approach when she's out with Kate.
"Kate and the Queen tended to use signals of evenly-based friendship, but Meghan and the Queen look more like a grandmother and a much-loved grand-daughter."


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An Extremely Rare Molecule Detected On Titan That Has Never Been Found In Any Atmosphere
Leave a Comment / News, Space / By Sai Teja
A team of scientists from NASA has identified a weird and extremely rare chemical in Titan's atmosphere that has never been detected in any other atmosphere. The chemical they have discovered is cyclopropenylidene (C3H2).
Cyclopropenylidene, a carbon-based molecule is so reactive that it can only exist in laboratories on earth. This molecule reacts very quickly and easily with other molecules, forming other compounds. The only place it is found is the interstellar space.
As any molecule in interstellar space is cold, diffuse and doesn't interact much, this molecule can be found there. But Titan is different, it has a thick atmosphere with hydrocarbons, nitrogen and methane.
In the year 2016, Conor Nixon from NASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre and his team used the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile to probe the atmosphere of Titan, with a goal to find organic molecules.
They found an unknown chemical signature in the upper atmosphere on Titan which after matching with a database was found to be Cyclopropenylidene. The team explained that the high altitude contributes to the molecule's survival, but why it appears only on Titan and no other planet is still a mystery.
"When I realised I was looking at cyclopropenylidene, my first thought was, 'Well, this is really unexpected,'" Nixon said. "Titan is unique in our Solar System. It has proved to be a treasure trove of new molecules."
C3H2 is of particular interest because it's what is known as a ring molecule, its three carbon atoms are linked together in a ring. Although this molecule doesn't play a biological role, the nucleobases of DNA and RNA are based on such molecular rings. So, this kind of molecules are studied as it can be a possible chemical which formed early life.
Previously, Titan was found to contain molecules like benzene as well. It is already a rich of organic chemicals and chemical activity. There are a lot of reaction going on there. The biggest question we have is, Can these reactions result in life?
Conor A. Nixon, Alexander E. Thelen, Martin A. Cordiner, Zbigniew Kisiel, Steven B. Charnley, Edward M. Molter, Joseph Serigano, Patrick G. J. Irwin, Nicholas A. Teanby, and Yi-Jehng Kuan Detection of Cyclopropenylidene on Titan with ALMA The Astronomical Journal iop/article/10.3847/1538-3881/abb679
Press Release: NASA
Recommended1 recommendationPublished in News, Space


Home Theater and high-end music playback are my passion and hobby, and have been all my life. I strive to make every system, and installation, the highest in value it can possibly be. I do this by investigating, in detail, the user's needs (e.g. features, price, timing, support) and the available solutions. Knowing that the system and service that I provided could not have been done better is where I take the greatest satisfaction.
wanted our customers to be happy with the audio and video systems we sold them.


Donna has spent the past three years in prison.
Don't ask Randolph any questions about his job.
Alastair visited Nici once a year.
Wayne moved to Boston in his late teens.
Like most eighteen-year-olds, Joon isn't sure what he wants to do with his life.
The mail arrives before you go.
I'll have Tommy mow your lawn.
Vassos bragged about how fast his car was.
Stu has done what everyone said couldn't be done.
I told Bernard I wanted a divorce.
Spudboy is here with me.
Sedovic could've been badly hurt.
Maurice had a silly look on his face.
Bucky is going to the mall.
I told you we shouldn't trust Adrian.
I assume that Pam can't swim.
I was afraid I wouldn't have the pleasure of meeting you.
You've got to make sure Claudio isn't late for school again.
We haven't been able to find anyone to replace Srinivasan.
Warren decided to try trimming his beard with a knife, but he wasn't very successful.
Pravin wouldn't listen to my advice.
Israel has lived here since 2003.
Joon thinks this is a mistake.
Lui isn't like the rest of us.
Judge and Andre make a fine pair.
Giovanni started dancing to the music.
Shari drives a bus and Page is a tour guide.
I didn't steal anything from Hotta.
Sanford will come with me.
I can't stop worrying about Mike.
I knew Malloy would be too tired to help.
Dean has arrived on time.


Objective Analysis is pleased to announce availability of a new report: Enterprise SSDs: Technologies & Markets.
The report's key finding: The stunning growth of SSDs in enterprise servers and storage systems is only going to get stronger. Objective Analysis finds that the enterprise SSD market is likely to approach $4 billion in revenues by 2016, nearly six times that of 2011, while unit shipments will increase by ten times during that period to almost 4 million units.
Given that you have used all those other forms of improving SSD wear that we have discussed so far, but you still don't find that this is enough, what do you do next? Well a few SSD controllers go one step further and manage some of the inner workings of the NAND flash chip itself.
One way that SSD controllers maximize the life of an SSD is to use feedback on the life of flash blocks to determine how wear has impacted them. Although this used to be very uncommon, it is now being incorporated into a number of controllers.
Happy Birthday to The Memory Guy!
The SSD Guy would like to wish a happy birthday to his evil twin The Memory Guy, who started posting one year ago.
His 47 posts this year have shown great insight into the memory business.


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"Shielded" ovarian cancer cells may survive chemotherapy
Cancer Research UK scientists have discovered certain ovarian tumour cells that are resistant to chemotherapy can survive a first round of treatment and go on to "re-grow" the cancer. This could help explain why the disease can be difficult to treat, according to new research published in Oncogene today.
The study, funded by Cancer Research UK, aimed to find out whether it is the chemotherapy itself that causes anti-cancer drug resistance to build in the body – similar to resistance to antibiotics – or if cells that are shielded against cancer treatment grow as part of the initial tumour and are already lying dormant before chemotherapy begins.
Often ovarian cancer can be hard to treat with treatment failing after women initially responded well. The number of women surviving beyond five years is less than 35 per cent.
The researchers compared the characteristics of cell lines from the tumour at the time of diagnosis to cell lines from the same patients once the disease had been treated and become resistant.
Dr James Brenton, study author from the Cancer Research UK's Cambridge Research Institute, said: "Ovarian cancer is notoriously hard to treat. Women usually respond well to their first round of chemotherapy with the disease apparently completely removed. But unfortunately many go on to relapse within six to 24 months. Until now we haven't known whether they are becoming resistant to the treatment or whether the cells that don't respond to treatment re-grow the tumour.
"By examining the characteristics of ovarian tumours we now think that cells resistant to chemotherapy grow as part of the tumour. This means that when patients have treatment, cells that respond to chemotherapy are destroyed but this leaves behind resistant cells which then form another tumour of completely resistant cells. This seems to explain why successful treatment for relapsed patients is difficult. What needs to be developed now is a therapy designed to target the resistant cells."
Dr Lesley Walker, director of science information at Cancer Research UK, said: "Discoveries like this help to tell us why chemotherapy stops working for some ovarian cancer patients. We hope it will lead to new ways to tackle the disease and increase the number of women that survive this cancer that can be so hard to cure. The next step will be to develop treatment tailored to fight the resistant cells."
For media enquiries please contact the press office on 020 7061 8300 or, out-of-hours, the duty press officer on 07050 264 059.
Genomic analysis of genetic heterogeneity and evolution in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma by Cooke and Brenton et al. Oncogene
Cancer type Ovarian cancer


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text:
Clidemia fissinervia är en tvåhjärtbladig växtart som beskrevs av Henry Allan Gleason. Clidemia fissinervia ingår i släktet Clidemia och familjen Melastomataceae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Myrtenordningen
fissinervia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Daily Schedule Food Menus Bus Routes
Woodmere School
School Grade Levels: K-5
7900 SE Duke St.•Portland, OR 97206•Ph 503-916-6373•Fx 503-916-2687
SUN School
Connect to Kindergarten
Sports Update: Franklin sweeps All-State awards in boys soccer
Español| Tiếng Việt| 中文| Soomaali| Русский
Franklin's Vincent Rose (left) and Ty Kovatch won the All-State Player and Coach of the Year awards, and Franklin's Gael Salas-Lara (right top) and Cleveland's Mo Mohamed were first-team picks. (Photos by Beth Conyers)
The Franklin High School boys soccer team made history this fall by winning the first state championship in program history. Last week, the Lightning reaped some big rewards for their outstanding season, winning both major awards on the Class 6A All-State teams.
In a ballot of the state's coaches, junior defender Vincent Rose was voted the Player of the Year, and Ty Kovatch was selected Coach of the Year. Rose became the first player from the Portland Interscholastic League to win the state's top honor since Joey Resnick of Lincoln was selected in 2015.
The honors capped an amazing year for the Lightning, who were the No. 14 seed in the computer-generated OSAA playoff bracket despite tying Lincoln for the PIL title. Franklin won three of its five state playoff games in overtime, including in their 2-1 victory over Summit in the championship game. The championship win came a week after Franklin's boys cross country team won the state championship, the school's first state title in any sport since 1959.
Rose was joined by two other Franklin players in earning All-State recognition. Senior goalkeeper Gael Salas-Lara was voted to the first team, and sophomore forward Caden Davis was a second-team selection.
Three other PIL players earned All-State recognition. Cleveland junior Mo Mohamed was voted to the first team; and Grant senior Ian Cameron and Lincoln senior Christopher Lambert were second-team picks.
The All-State teams were administered by OregonLive. PIL athletes also earned All-State recognition in other fall sports:
Football: For the second year in a row, Roosevelt lineman Timothy Price Jr. earned first-team recognition. Prince, a 6-foot, 280-pound senior, was a first-team pick on defensive line, and also was honorable mention on offensive line.
Jefferson junior running back Damir Collins was voted to the second team. Two junior linebackers – Grant's Brennick Beck and Jefferson's Jason Davis – were honorable mention selections.
Girls soccer: Four PIL players were selected to the second team: Grant senior Ruby Donaghu, Lincoln senior Ana Gorlach, Wilson senior Chloe Unflat and Wilson senior goalkeeper Olivia Williams.
Volleyball: Cleveland senior Stella Bothman and Wilson senior Kennedy Stahr were honorable mention.
7900 SE Duke St.


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text:
Q: dask broadcast variable fails with key error when calculating subset of pandas dataframe I have a pandas data frame and want to apply a costly operation to each group. Therefore, I want to parallelize this task using dask.
The initial data frame should be broadcasted.
But the computation only fails with:
<Future: error, key: iterated_costly_function-4aff5e66b6af1c073dc2cfd0d2dbb6f3>
<Future: error, key: iterated_costly_function-74d26e42c758a8cc177047d7a0f49ff4>

Here is the code:
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({'foo':[1,2,3,4,5,6], 'bar':['a', 'a', 'b', 'b', 'a', 'b']})
display(df)

unique_values = df.bar.unique()
print(unique_values)
for v in unique_values:
    subset_df = df[df.bar == v]
    display(subset_df)

Now when using dask:
import pandas as pd
from tqdm import tqdm
tqdm.pandas()
from time import sleep

from dask.distributed import Client, progress
from dask.distributed import wait, as_completed
from dask.distributed import Variable

from dask import delayed
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49406987/how-do-we-choose-nthreads-and-nprocs-per-worker-in-dask-distributed
client = Client()#threads_per_worker=8, n_workers=2)
client

remote_df = client.scatter(df, broadcast=True)
global_var = Variable(name="remote_data")
global_var.set(remote_df)

def iterated_costly_function(v):
    df = global_var.get()
    subset_df = df[df.bar == v]
    #subset_df = apply_some_costly_function(subset_df, x=1, y=2, z=3)
    # not implemented here for sake of simplicity
    sleep(3)
    return subset_df#.values # make it return something

futures = client.map(iterated_costly_function, unique_values)

wait(futures)
for f in tqdm(futures):
    print(f)

What is wrong in the way I try to access the broadcast variable?

A: I would write your function like this
def iterated_costly_function(v):
    df = Variable(name="remote_data").get().result()
    subset_df = df[df.bar == v]
    sleep(3)
    return subset_df#.values

where

*

*we explicitly instantiate the Variable using its name, rather than passing it in the closure (you could have passed the name string as an argument)

*because the data is in fact a future, you need .result() to get its value.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This is what I also remember seeing in TV interview for which I provided the link above. Will be debt free in 2 years from now.
One more thing management said is that its craters only to domestic market.
Its very good that contrarian views are being presented by other forum members. I am not defending the promoters but definitely the decision taken by them can be analysed.
The Steel sector is an uptrend and the cycle is expected to continue for at least 18 -24 months. The demand of steel is robust and the steel prices are at all time high as advised by the management. The companies Iron ore mines are expected to ope-rationalised from April 18 and as per sources the company will be setting a Pellet Plant which will be very beneficial for the company. The company has also advised to double its capacity in PVC division.
Any CAPEX has to be funded either from Internal Cash accruals or Equity infusion or Debt. Since the cash accrual are not sufficient to fund the expansion and due to sudden change in market dynamics QIP funding at desired valuation is not available the left source for funding expansion is DEBT.
As the company is not over leveraged the decision at this stage is not fundamentally a bad decision.
The companies performance has no doubt improved significantly however as far the track record of management is concerned although SEBI has given clean chit, the investor community has not. The management should be bold enough to admit that there debt repayment plan is being delayed due to CAPEX and unsuccessful QIP. The management should conduct investor concall after quartely results so that investors could clarify all their doubts. One more thing is that why is the management not borrowing debt from Banks.
The companies operating performance are satisfactory and improving , the management guidance is to close the financial Year 2017-18 with revenue of Rs 3000 Cr. The 9M sales was Rs 2025 Cr so for Q4 sales will be around Rs 975 Cr and at EBIDTA at 25% margin will be around 243 Cr. The valuations at this levels are very comfortable.
Senior memebers are requested to guide on the future performance outlook of the company, management and industry.
From the interview - it is clear that the company does not have any international sale. Consequently the direct impact is not there on the company due to US tariffs. There might only be an indirect impact, however from the prevailing steel prices & volumes of steel imported by US, the indirect impact also appear to be limited to me. Given 24% correction in the share price in 2018, there seems be limited downside left in this counter.
Just going through the interview of Shankar Sharma and as per his statement he is bullish on mid cap and small cap companies and particularly in Metal Segment (did not specified any particular name). One thing which I inferred from his interview that the during the market down fall rather then looking at the share prices on daily basis which would not benefit any way, it would be better that we re visit the fundamentals of the company and analyse whether there is any deterioration in the company performance or sector outlook.
Do you know what is the Iron ore capacity that will come on stream on April-2018 onwards? I wanted to know what percentage of their iron ore requirements will be supplied by their own mine?
Pkease check last three quarters investor presentation, you will get the answers.
One question - who are the QIP investor apart from promoters and why would they invest at above market price?.
The only reason to buy through QIP at a higher price rather then purchasing outright from the market at lower price is that in QIP mode you only need to pay 25% of the price upfront and remaining 75 % over a period of 18 months. The investor might not have funds for out right purchase from the market or it might be that it might have committed itself by paying 25%.
QIP and warrants are different. QIP is fully paid up. Eligible securities for QIP include equity shares, fully and partly convertible debentures or any securities but not warrants.
Just a small clarification so that one doesn't get confused between QIP and Warrants.
But rest everything you've said is right and is applicable for warrants issued to promoters of Prakash.
Thanks for the clarification, So if management has to pay the entire money upfront, why are they doing it at above CMP? Although, it might be regulatory reasons, I am just curious to understand the thinking behind this - knowing the promoter history. In a clean management perhaps I would not have been so much cynical. Is it a True value add or sentiment improvement or does management expect that the price would rise in the near future if it delivers good performance?
Also, typically does equity dilution suppress the potential gain from the stock?
There seems to be lot of confusion around QIP and Warrants.
Here is a link on QIP, promoters are not eligible for QIP.
Here is a link on Warrants. The promoters of Prakash revised the price of conversion of warrants voluntarily to Rs218/-, though they could have bought the warrants to convert at Rs.208/-. we know the current share price. So interpret in your own way.
Here is the link explaining warrants.
So, promoter has a upper hand. Heads I win tails I don't loose much. Lets hope we get a strong upcycle in steel and get over with this issue. I am in net loss on my purchase that why thinning whether to book loss or to stay invested.
Just to correct you, the revised price is 210.18 and not 218.
Revising warrant conversion price from 208 to 210.18 which is 1% more is a non-event except maybe Promoter wants to subtly remind us all what he thinks the price of his company should be w.r.t current price around 170.


text:
Naga City, Cebu
The town of Naga was already populous even before the Spaniards came.
When the Spaniards came, they organized the town into a cabeza de barangay, for the purpose of managing the place properly. A church was also constructed next. That all happened in the year 1829.
When the Spanish-American War broke up, armies of the United States came and camped in Naga at the old Corro residence with the purpose to recruit natives to join the Philippine Scouts. Many locals, including the people of Naga joined the recruitment. These recruits and other armies fought bravely in Bataan and Corregidor. There were hundreds of them who died during the war however, their sacrifice and patriotism were not wasted as the Philippine gained its freedom years after. Naga City is ranked second to Macabebe, Pampanga in the number of pensionados of the American Government.
Population/ Language/ Area
Naga City is in the eastern coast of the province of Cebu, which is 22 kilometers south of Cebu City. Surrounding the city are Minglanila town in the north, Hohol Strait in the east and southeast, town of San Bernardo in southwest, and the Pinamungahan town in the west. Terrain is characterized by a narrow coastal plain which gently rises to hills and mountains in the western and northern part of the city.
Naga City has a total land area of 101,571 as of 2010. Total land area is reaching to 10,197 hectares.
Main products of the city include rice, corn, coconut, rootcrops and vegetables. There are also some who do livestock and poultry businesses. The people living near the coastal areas are mostly engaged in fishing. There are also some factories in the city; these includes footwear factory, power plant, cement manufacturing factories and some marble production plants.
The city offers opportunities in food processing especially sugar-based foods, meat and fish processing. The manufacture of furniture, clothing and fashion accessories, jewelry, personal care and other consumer goods are encouraged. The establishment of commercial complexes and tourist facilities are welcomed in this city.


text:
The Commencement of King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red cross Society
In the year 1901, during the reign of King Mongkut Rama IV, The Indochina Peninsula was being threatened by the Colonialism from the powerful countries: France and United Kingdom. And Siam at the time had lost the authority to rule Cambodia in the year 1826.
The colonialism war erupted again in the year 1892 when France marched its troops to invade Laos, which at that time was governed by Siam. The battle occurred causing a French soldier died and France referred this incident to invasively intrude the Siamese territory. Having been tactically disadvantaged, Siam urged for support from England to negotiate but the request was denied. Siam was therefore abandonedly isolated, resulting in the sense of war had spread all over Siam, according to the statement by The Lady Plien Phongsakornwong on April 13, 1893
"Now it was informed that the unrighteous foreign countries had threatened Siam by tricky exploitations, aiming to take His Majesty's kingdom which shamefully disgraced the Royal Honor and national freedom"
Therefore, the Lady Plien Phongsakornwong persuaded the "patriotic relatives, fellows and female friends" to joined the voluntary fund raising in order to establish the 'Red Cross Council' for national support. The Council provided medical care to the army and people being injured in the war, while it also managed to supply medicines and medical equipment to all army departments. Her Majesty the Queen Sawangwatana Phra Ratchathewi was nobly invited to lead as the 'Motherly manager' and Her royal Highness the Queen Saowapa Phongsri. Phra Woraratchathewi as ' the Council Minister'. Her Majesty the Queen Sawangwatana Phra Ratchathewi had pledged to His Majesty the King Chulalongkorn and the King responded, " It was a good initiative and suitable at all cause to be the national role model." As the result, the " Red Cross Council of Siam" was officially established under the royal permission on April 26, 1893, deemed as the commencement date of the Thai Red Cross Society.
Her royal Highness the Queen Saowapa Phongsri. Phra Woraratchathewi, the Council Minister, had pledged to His Majesty the King Chulalongkorn to be the ' Supreme Council Patriarch' (or the Royal Highness of the Siamese Red Cross Council' on May 22, 1893. His Majesty had donated his personal finance as the first fund raising for 80,000 baht with an official Royal Statement to ensure of the Council establishment that, " A life and property of my own is unitedly with Siam and I am pleased to give without possession. " In addition, the King Chulalongkorn had allowed the palace of Krommuensuan Sivilavas to be expropriated and to be immediately built as the Red Cross Council Hospital in June,1893.
At that time, the situation was extremely conflicted when France observed Siam being under diplomatic and army disadvantage. French army then managed to send the authorized special envoy and the warships for diplomatic negotiation with Siam Government at the delta of Chaopraya River in July 7, 1893. The action misunderstandingly caused the fighting and many Siamese soldier had lost their lives. The " Red Cross Council of Siam" was abruptly established as the Emergency Hospital at Mahathat temple, in order to predive medical aids to the soldiers and injured people. France sharply commanded Siam to give all the territory at the left side of Khong River within 48 hours but the command was denied. French warships were then relocated to place at the Chao Praya delta in July 26, 1893. Siam agreed to sign a memorandum to grant all the land last at the left side of Khong River to France in October 3, 1893. At the time, Siam had lost 143,800 square kilometers and more than 600,000 citizens, including a fine of 3 million francs, being paid with all the savings of King Rama III, called "Red bag money" for this national redemption.
When the war subsided, The Red Cross Council of Siam Hospital continued to provide medical care to the public by the Royal doctors from the Medical Department. However, the hospital was located adjacent to the construction site of the Royal Cremation for the Crown Prince Mahawajiruhis. So the hospital had run its operation for 7 years until it was permanently closed while the Red Cross Council of Siam continued its service.
In February 13 1906, King Chulalongkorn wrote to His Majesty's one of the sons, Krommuen Nakornchaisri Suradech,the commander of the Army Department: "… Red Cross Council of Siam is not active. May the Army Department considers to operate or deploy the representatives to hold a meeting. " Later, His Majesty was traveling to have a medical service in Europe. Krommuen Nakhonchaisri Suradet had informed His Majesty Crown Prince Maha Vajiravudh that,
" At this time, the Red Cross Council of Siam seems inactive. Actually, it is not as Her Majesty the Queen always supports the Council…. However, His Majesty the King has asked me to redevelop the Red Cross Council of Siam, I will perform with all my honorable pleasure… In order to remain the Red Cross Council of Siam to further permanently continue, it is to find a location to establish the Red Cross Council of Siam Hospital…"
Somdej Krom Phraya Damrong Rajanuphap stated at the meeting of the Council in May 23, 1907 that, " His Majesty the King Chulalongkorn has the intended to establish (the Red Cross Council of Siam) for the country". By the way, the Project had not been proceeded when His Majesty the King Chulalongkorn immediately passed away, at the age of 57, on Sunday, October 23, 1953, at 2:45 am at the Throne Hall of Amporn Sathan, Dusit Palace.
Not until November 23, 1910, after a month of King Chulalongkorn's death. His Majesty the King Mongkut granted His personal finance for 5,800 baht to establish the Red Cross Council of Siam Hospital. All of His Majesty the King's siblings voluntarily joined the fund raising in total of 122,910 baht. While His Majesty the King Mongkut had supplemented the Red Cross Council of Siam's initial fund for 391,299 baht, 98 satang. With this fund, the King Chulalongkorn's personal donation of 80,000 baht was included. In order to attain this Project, Kromluang Nakornchaisri Suradech, the Chancellor of the Ministry of Defense, the 17th son of King Chulalongkorn, was responsible for the Hospital Construction. And It was considered as the largest and most modernized hospital at that time.
His Majesty the King Rama V, opened the Hospital in May 30, 1914, and He granted a royal speech on occasion of the hospital opening that
" To perform the merit-making to the King Chulalongkorn, it is needed to keep remind how to pay homage to the King's greatest mercy even after his passing. I'm wondering if there is any possible way for the King to recognize how the King has committed many benefits to His people all through His Reign… It is then agreed that the hospital to be established as the Royal Monument in memorial remembrance of the King"
The construction of King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, was accomplished in accordance to the wishes of the two great Kings under the 18 year continuous effort (1936-1924). The Hospital was therefore titled as
"The Royal Monument of the King Chulalongkorn" in eternal commemoration of His great benevolence to the Kingdom of Thailand.
Asst. Prof. Dr. Thanom Bannprasert
The Author and the historical recorder
Order of His Royal Highness member proceeding to open the Buildings in King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society


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