Do you ever feel like you're in a chronic cash crunch? That can be a real damper on your days and take the hope and expectation out of a new year.
But if money tops your list of New Year's resolutions, you're in luck! Research shows you're on the road to success. According to Fidelity Investments, 56% of people who resolved to improve their finances last year did just that. Better yet, 83% said last year's financial resolution is an ongoing event instead of a one-time goal. Who knew change could be so exciting?
Put those resolutions into action—and get a leg up on your happy New Year—with these five money hacks.
Lots of folks choose plastic over cash for everyday purchases, and research shows that can lead you to spend more. Why? According to a Journal of Experimental Psychology study, parting with cash really is sweet sorrow. Plastic simply doesn't tug at your emotional strings in quite the same way.
So this year, put a little more pain back into your purchases. Use envelopes to divvy your dollars up across everyday budget categories. You might have one each for groceries, restaurants, entertainment, clothing, and pocket money.
On payday, fill your envelopes with the cash you budgeted for each category. When an envelope's empty, the spending stops for that category until your next paycheck. It's that simple.
You went to the store for one thing and ended up with a cart full that you never intended to buy. Once the thrill of the bargain hunt wore off, regret set in.
Sound familiar? If so, join the crowd. A recent study found that five in six Americans are impulse shoppers.
We all know it pays to sleep on a big money decision overnight. But what about smaller purchases that crop up throughout the month? Why not add them to your wish list and wait thirty days? That gives you a chance to work them into next month's budget. And who knows? That can't-live-without item you had your eye on just might be on sale by then!
Want to put a big dent into your debt this year? You might be tempted to grab debt by the jugular and attack the biggest interest rate first. But it takes more than math to win. According to Fidelity, the number one reason people stick to a money resolution is because they're encouraged by their own progress.
That's where the debt snowball comes in. Here's how it works: List your debts in order by outstanding balance, and attack the smallest one first. Once you knock it out, roll that cash over to your next debt, working your way up to the biggest of the bunch. You'll build momentum—and motivation—as you watch your debts go down and your cash flow go up!
These days, most full-time workers have access to a 401(k) through their employer. This is a great way to save for retirement because it enables you to make pre-tax contributions for your future.
What you may not know is many employers offer a Roth 401(k) option, too. According to a Willis Towers Watson study, 54% of large and midsize companies do, yet only 10% of employees take advantage of it. That means lots of folks are missing out on tax-free growth.
Does it really make a difference? Let's compare. The same amount of money went into two 401(k) accounts—one traditional and one Roth—and both grew at the same rate. The Roth takes the cake at retirement.
And beginning last year, any pretax match dollars your employer puts in can be converted to a Roth. That's means even more opportunity for tax-free growth! Just keep in mind that you do have to pay taxes on any money you convert. An investing professional can show you how it works so you can weigh your options and choose the strategy that's right for you.
It's no secret that money can cause big-time stress. According to the American Psychological Association, 72% of adults worry about money at least some of the time, and 32% say money woes stand between them and a healthy lifestyle.
This stress can distract you on the job, too. It's hard to get work done when you're preoccupied with money problems. No wonder almost 90% of employers surveyed by Aon Hewitt had their sights on a financial wellness program last year.
If your company offers this benefit, don't miss out! It's a great way to learn how to manage your money and plan for the future. That's something everyone can feel good about!
The confetti may have settled, but the New Year's fun has just begun. It's time to rock your resolutions and show your money who's boss!
Who knows? You just might discover a fresh new burst of confidence that inspires you to set—and conquer—even bigger goals next year.
Josh is a Dave Ramsey Endorsed Local Provider for this area. He specializes in retirement income strategies, investments strategies, as well as additional financial strategies. His focus is on lifelong financial guidance and his commitment is to place clients first and provide unmatched customer service. He would be glad to answer any questions regarding the content of this article as well as any others. Call today at 570-729-1020 or email Josh at sage@cfiemail.com. You can also visit www.sageinvestments.net.
Jonathan Sheard offers securities and advisory services through Centaurus Financial, Inc. member FINRA and SIPA and a registered investment advisor. This is not an offer to sell securities, which may be done only after proper delivery of a prospectus and client suitability is reviewed and determined. Information relating to securities is intended for use by individuals residing in PA, NY, AR, VA, FL, NC, GA, CT.
Sage Investments, Dave Ramsey and Centaurus Financial Inc are not affiliated.
By far, the most common questions that we receive concern the health effects of mold exposure. While studies are still ongoing into the symptoms of being exposed to airborne mold spores and the compounds released by mold growth, we already have a good deal of information to go on.
What this means is that mold affects everyone differently, and some people may have no reaction at all. The best comparison is to something like cat dander. While I may have no reaction at all, you or your family may. With over 100,000 mold species globally, you may even find that one or two trigger a reaction in you, while others do not.
What symptoms have been attributed to mold exposure?
According to the CDC, which has spent a lot of time trying to quantify the health effects of mold exposure, people that are sensitive to molds can experience symptoms such as nasal stuffiness, eye irritation, wheezing, or skin irritation. Some people, such as those with serious allergies to molds, may even experience fever and shortness of breath, while those with chronic respiratory issues or asthma can find that their conditions are aggravated or worsened. Recently, studies have begun to link early mold exposure to the development of asthma in some children, but more research is necessary and ongoing.
"Black Mold" has made a lot of headlines over the years, but using this as a means to determine severity is a mistake. For starters, many different varieties of mold can be black, and those same varieties of mold can also be green, white, or blue. One of the predominant things that affects the color of mold growth is the food source, so the same mold, growing on a different material, can have a different color. In addition, while "black mold" is often used to refer to Aspergillus, a mold that has been linked to various health effects, the media has used this term to refer to numerous other mold species as well, which has led to a tremendous amount of homeowner confusion.
Where do I find mold?
Molds can be found in virtually every environment and can be found both indoors and outdoors. Common causes of mold problems include high humidity levels in basements or bathrooms, leaky pipes under cabinets or in wall cavities, and bathroom exhaust fans improperly venting into the attic. As mold requires humidity/moisture to grow, the easiest way to prevent a mold problem from developing is to prevent or quickly resolve moisture issues.
While mold can be a scary word, it can be resolved. As part of that process, it is important to not only look at the mold contamination and areas affected, but also the underlying moisture issue causing the mold problem.
Aim for balance. A diet that combines healthy levels of protein and carbohydrates from all the food groups is the surest way to deliver your body the vitamins and nutrients you need for optimal health. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans call for an eating plan that is centered on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and reduced-fat dairy foods, rounded out by lean meats, poultry, fish, beans, eggs, and nuts for protein. When planning your meals, be sure to limit saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, sodium, and added sugar.
Know when to say when. Building a healthy lifestyle is about more than eating the right foods. It also means keeping your calorie count in check. That means keeping the amount you eat and the portion size in mind. Work with your doctor or a nutritionist to determine your body's true caloric needs, which can vary depending on numerous factors such as your age, activity level, and overall health. Then get smart about the portion sizes that will help you stay within those parameters. Initially, you may want to weigh out portions, but soon you'll be able to recognize and adjust your portions on sight.
Set your body in motion. Increasing your activity level not only helps burn calories and boosts your metabolism, it also helps tone your muscles and improve overall body condition by promoting healthy blood flow. The exact amount of exercise you need will vary depending on your goals, age, and physical ability. You may need to work up to the optimal level, which according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is 150 minutes of moderate activity or 75 minutes of vigorous activity a week for most adults.
Replace what you lose. A strong workout may help you shed calories, but it also can deplete your body of essential fluids. Staying hydrated is crucial to keep your body functioning properly, from regulating your body temperature to providing the lubrication your joints and muscles need to keep you in motion. Rehydrating during and after exercise is important for getting the most out of your workout. For example, try incorporating an electrolyte beverage, such as Propel Electrolyte Water, which helps replace what is lost in sweat and supports hydration by stimulating thirst and promoting fluid retention. The ten flavors contain no calories and provide B vitamins to support metabolism as part of a daily diet and antioxidant vitamins C and E. Learn more at PropelWater.com.
Declining temperatures can bring fun, cool-weather activities, but they also mean cold and flu season is lurking. While everyone hopes to stay healthy, it can be difficult to completely avoid viruses and bugs.
Spend some time checking the medications you already have at home. Review the expiration dates, and if any need to be thrown out, research how to properly dispose of them according to local government guidelines.
Before cold and flu season, make sure to stockpile must-haves like ginger ale, ice pops, and recommended cough suppressants. Thinking ahead means you won't have to rush out when you or a family member comes down with something.
Reading the temperature of a person who feels ill can help provide confidence and peace of mind. Make sure you have a reliable thermometer like the Braun ThermoScan 5 Ear thermometer, which takes professionally accurate temperature readings via the ear canal and, based on a survey, is the number one brand recommended by pediatricians who recommend a brand of thermometers.
To save time when your child is ill, keep a reference of your child's allergies, prescribed medications, dosage amounts, and current weight handy. Health care providers typically need this information to correctly prescribe and dose most medications. Other items to keep on-hand include school sick day policies, operating manuals for medical devices, and a reference of temperature readings that classify a fever.
Keep a list of important phone numbers and addresses inside your medicine cabinet door or on the fridge so they're easily accessible to family members, babysitters, and caretakers. Include your family doctor or local clinic, schools, pharmacists, and anyone else you may need to reach in an emergency.


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Q: Using Log4Net to log all the functions called in ASP.NET and C# application Yesterday i implement Log4Net in my application.
To use it i need to write
 private static readonly log4net.ILog log = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger(System.Reflection.MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod().DeclaringType);

 log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator.Configure();
 log.Debug("My function called");

Problem:
I need to log every function of my project.
Whether there is some setting that i can use to log all function calls without need to right log.Debug() always as i need to track only function name and don't need any message.
Any help is appreciated

A: What you are trying to do is called "Aspect Programimg" - attaching new code to some points inside already written and compiled code. There is no built-in aspect features in C# so you have to use framework like PostSharp. More here:
Aspect Oriented Programming in C#
You need to attach your logging code before and after each method invocation. Mind that it will decrease performance dramatically, and the logs will grow really fast.

A: you can have a look at postsharp, log4net is not an aop tool, so alone it cant do what you are looking out for

A: i think the stacktrace class could help.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.diagnostics.stacktrace.aspx
another possibility is to use a .net trace listener.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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← Locals pay tribute to Brendan Grace
Brendan on top at Scottish Open
Posted on July 17, 2019 by editor
Dundalk Golf Club's Brendan Lawlor came out on top when the inaugural EDGA Scottish Open was held alongside the European Tour's Aberdeen Standard Investments Scottish Open at The Renaissance Club over the weekend.
The 36 hole event featured ten players from the World Rankings for Golfers with Disability taking each other on over the same layout the European Tour field were tackling in the third Rolex Series event of the season.
Lawlor carded a 77 in round one on Saturday to lie third overnight and produced the lowest round of the event when he shot a level par 71 to finish on six over, one shot clear of World Number One George Groves.
"It feels great," said Lawlor after his victory. "Today everything clicked, I smoothed it off the tee, I didn't miss many fairways and the putts dropped when I needed them to drop. I had a few bogeys coming in but we'll put that down to a wee bit of nerves."
"I felt I played a lot better than six over on Saturday. The course was really, really hard and was playing 7,200 yards with no run on the ball because it was quite wet. However, I felt I had a chance being three behind with only two players ahead of me and I got off to the start I wanted to on Sunday."
Lawlor started the day three shots behind Groves but was brilliant on the front nine, birdieing the fourth, fifth and seventh to lead by one at turn despite dropping a shot on the ninth.
Groves – who has a paralysis of the left arm called Erb's Palsy – made gains of his own on the first and seventh but dropped shots on the second, third, sixth and eighth, and further bogeys on the tenth and 11th left the Englishman two behind, with Lawlor also bogeying the 11th.
Lawlor dropped a shot on the 13th but moved back two ahead as he picked it straight back up on the next.
A bogey on the 17th then set up a tense finish but Groves parred his final seven holes to leave Lawlor signing for a 71 to claim the title.
"There were scoreboards up around the course so I knew the position I was in which was good but I was nervous going down 18. I hit a good drive down the middle but I left my approach shot short and had a really good two putt to get my par and the win," said Lawlor as he added another memorable week to his CV.
"It was an amazing moment and all the pros were really nice. Paul Dunne, who I first met in Australia at the end of last year, was waiting for me at the finish so it was nice to have that sort of support on the day," he added.
The Dundalk Leader	63 Clanbrassil Street, Dundalk, County Louth. 042 – 9320888

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Home CEREMONIAL Realizing the inclusive ASEAN Community 2025
Realizing the inclusive ASEAN Community 2025
Friday, August 23, 2019 | 13:00 WIB
IO, Jakarta – Persons with disabilities are citizens with the same obligations and rights as other citizens. Based on the 2015 Intercensal Population Survey (SUPAS), the number of people with disabilities in Indonesia reached 21.5 million or 8.56% of the total population, which is currently estimated at 264 million. This number is believed to be smaller than the actual number considering that the World Health Organization (WHO) has reported that 15% of the global population is currently counted as disabled.
At a national level, Indonesia has made some significant advances in its efforts to guarantee, fulfill, and protect the rights of persons with disabilities, with the passing of Law No. 8 of 2016 concerning Persons with Disabilities. Although detailed Government Regulations to implement it have not been completed until now, both the government and the Disabled Persons Organizations have continued their efforts to implement this legislation. At present, Law No. 8 of 2016 views disability more holistically, with a human rights framework. Disability is no longer seen as a condition of individuals but instead as the lack of access to the communities that hinders the fulfillment of their basic rights. This law also stipulates that all agencies have the duty to handle disability issues in their respective fields.
In line with this, at a regional level in Southeast Asia, the mainstreaming of people with disabilities has become a joint commitment with the adoption of the ASEAN Enabling Masterplan 2025: Mainstreaming the Rights of Persons with Disabilities by member countries on 15th November during the 33rd ASEAN Summit, which was then launched by the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR) on 3rd December 2018 in Bangkok, Thailand. This document contains 76 recommended Action Plans to serve as guidelines in mainstreaming disability persons into development policies and programs in each country.
Related to this, the Indonesian Disability Association (PPDI) through the Advocacy Program of the ASEAN Enabling Master Plan Advocacy in Indonesia (AEMAI) until 2025 has carried out a series of activities to contribute to Indonesia's efforts in realizing the ASEAN community that is inclusive of persons with disabilities. From a policy advocacy workshop involving 15 organizations for persons with disabilities at the national level, three priority issues were formulated, along with an action plan that became a joint agenda, namely: (1) Legal protection, (2) Elimination of stigma and discrimination and (3) Employment. The workshop also recommended a multi-party synergy in its implementation. Data and information related to this matter are presented in the Joint Advocacy document, which has been used as source material with certain ministries and political parties.
Policy analysis has also been carried out to identify population administration for persons with disabilities as one of the key elements in the fulfillment of their universal rights. From this study, four main problems were identified, namely, accessibility in obtaining population documents, the lack of active and effective participation of persons with disabilities in the process of population administration, the minimal role of population administration in presenting accurate data, and misuse of terms. Complete study information and recommendations have been prepared as advocacy material for related parties.
"We invite the government, Disability Person Organisations, civil society organizations, development partner organizations, universities, the private sector, and the media to jointly socialize the ASEAN Enabling Masterplan 2025 more broadly and contribute as much as possible, especially considering Indonesia's duty to report on the progress of the implementation of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, which will be submitted in 2020," said the Chairperson of the Indonesian Disability Association (PPDI), Gufroni Sakaril.
Another urgent agenda item is the completion of Government Regulations as an implementation guide to the Disability Law No.8 / 2016. "A number of cases surfacing lately include sexual violence against persons with disabilities by siblings in Lampung, torture to death of children with disabilities by their friends at the West Kalimantan Integrated Children Service Center, and the polemic about the appointment of a dentist as a candidate for civil servant in West Sumatra – this should be more than enough for us to work hard to complete this agenda which has been delayed for more than a year from the initial target," Gufron said.
Let us work together to create an inclusive Indonesia in the Southeast Asia region by 2025.
ASEAN Community 2025
ASEAN Enabling Master
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As I have suggested in another blog post, she planted seeds of compassion and tolerance that have helped make Canada a more caring society.
And given it is International Development Week in Canada, it should be noted that Lotta was an international development "pioneer", and we owe her an enormous debt of gratitude for opening our hearts to reach out and help those in need in far off lands. Again, seeds were planted that continue to sprout in our society to this day.
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← Special Bank of Canada Update #1: Elsie MacGill and Lotta Hitschmanova ranked highest in cross-Canada survey!


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Gunsmithing Major
Types of Degrees Gunsmithing Majors Are Getting
The following table lists how many gunsmithing/gunsmith graduations there were in 2019-2020 for each degree level.
Undergraduate Certificate 344
What Gunsmithing Majors Need to Know
People with careers related to gunsmithing/gunsmith were asked what knowledge areas, skills, and abilities were important for their jobs. They weighted these areas on a scale of 1 to 5 with 5 being the highest.
Knowledge Areas for Gunsmithing/Gunsmith Majors
According to O*NET survey takers, a major in gunsmithing/gunsmith should prepare you for careers in which you will need to be knowledgeable in the following areas:
Physics - Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub- atomic structures and processes.
Skills for Gunsmithing/Gunsmith Majors
The following list of skills has been highlighted as some of the most essential for careers related to gunsmithing/gunsmith:
Operation and Control - Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
Abilities for Gunsmithing/Gunsmith Majors
Gunsmithing/Gunsmith majors often go into careers where the following abilities are vital:
Perceptual Speed - The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
What Can You Do With a Gunsmithing Major?
Below is a list of occupations associated with gunsmithing/gunsmith:
Geothermal Technicians 8.2% $39,320
Who Is Getting an Associate's Degree in Gunsmithing?
553 Associate's Degrees Annually
At the countrywide level, the racial-ethnic distribution of gunsmithing/gunsmith majors is as follows:
Students from other countries are interested in Gunsmithing/Gunsmith, too. About 0.2% of those with this major are international students.
How Much Do Gunsmithing Majors Make?
The median salary for someone in a career related to gunsmithing/gunsmith is $43,050. This median refers to all degree levels, so you may expect those with a more advanced degree to make more while those with less advanced degrees will typically make less.
Median Salary for a Gunsmithing Major 43,050
Amount of Education Required for Careers Related to Gunsmithing
Some careers associated with gunsmithing/gunsmith require an advanced degree while some may not even require a bachelor's. In general, the more advanced your degree the more career options will open up to you. However, there is significant time and money that needs to be invested into your education so weigh the pros and cons.
How much schooling do you really need to compete in today's job market? People currently working in careers related to gunsmithing/gunsmith have obtained the following education levels.
Online Gunsmithing Programs
In the 2019-2020 academic year, 16 schools offered some type of gunsmithing/gunsmith program. The following table lists the number of programs by degree level, along with how many schools offered online courses in the field.
Is a Degree in Gunsmithing Worth It?
The median salary for a gunsmithing/gunsmith grad is $43,050 per year. This is based on the weighted average of the most common careers associated with the major.
This is 8% more than the average salary for an individual holding a high school degree. This adds up to a gain of about $63,000 after 20 years!
Trades Related to Gunsmithing
You may also be interested in one of the following majors related to gunsmithing/gunsmith.
Musical Instrument Fabrication & Repair 99
Watchmaking & Jewelrymaking 92
Locksmithing & Safe Repair 69
Precision Systems Maintenance & Repair Technologies, Other 42
Image Credit: By Phasmatisnox under License


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Diodotus Tryphon (), nicknamed "The Magnificent" () was a Greek king of the Seleucid Empire. Initially an official under King Alexander I Balas, he led a revolt against Alexander's successor Demetrius II Nicator in 144 BC. He rapidly gained control of most of Syria and the Levant. At first, he acted as regent and tutor for Alexander's infant son Antiochus VI Dionysus, but after the death of his charge in 142/141 BC, Diodotus declared himself king. He took the royal name Tryphon Autocrator () and distanced himself from the Seleucid dynasty. For a period between 139 and 138, he was the sole ruler of the Seleucid empire. However, in 138 BC Demetrius II's brother Antiochus VII Sidetes invaded Syria and brought his rule to an end.

Diodotus Tryphon is unique in the history of the Seleucid empire, as the only rebel from outside the dynasty to gain control of the whole kingdom. Other rebels had claimed the throne, such as Molon and Timarchus, but they never succeeded in bringing the whole realm under their control and both were defeated within a year of declaring themselves kings. By contrast, Tryphon held power for over seven years from his rebellion in 144 BC until his death in 138 BC.

Life

Generalship and regency
Diodotus was originally from , a dependent town of the city of Apamea. He served as a general for Alexander Balas, during the civil war which the latter fought with Demetrius II Nicator. In 145 BC, when Alexander's father-in-law Ptolemy VI of Egypt switched his support to Demetrius II and invaded Syria, Diodotus and a man called Hierax were in command of the city of Antioch. They surrendered Antioch to Ptolemy and declared him king of the Seleucid Empire. Ptolemy, unwilling to rule both the Egyptian and Seleucid realms directly, declined the title in favour of Demetrius II.

Revolt against Demetrius II

As Demetrius II secured himself on the throne, he began to eliminate former associates of Alexander Balas. Diodotus (Trypho) is introduced in the First Book of Maccabees as "a certain Trypho [who] had formerly been one of Alexander's supporters", who sees and seizes an opportunity when "he saw that all the troops were grumbling against Demetrius [II]". He probably considered himself to be in danger, and he fled to an Arab ruler called Zabdiel or Imalkue, who had been entrusted with the care of Alexander Balas's young son. Diodotus, with Arab support, declared Alexander's son the new king, as Antiochus VI Dionysus. The new king was less than five years old and Diodotus held all actual power as his regent.

Diodotus and Antiochus were initially ignored by Demetrius who had to consolidate his power and was also faced with financial troubles. Utilising the discontent against the ruling regime Diodotus gathered a large army at his headquarters in Chalcis ad Belum. Eventually, Demetrius marched against them but he was defeated in battle, after which Diodotus gained control of Apamea and Antioch. Numismatic evidence indicates that Apamea was taken in early 144 and Antioch in late 144 or early 143.

Diodotus, in the name of the boy-king Antiochus VI, controlled most of Inland Syria, including Antioch, Apamea, Larisa and Chalcis. Demetrius on the other hand based himself in Seleucia Pieria and retained control of many of the Syrian and Phoenician coastal cities and Cilicia. Mesopotamia continued to recognise Demetrius as well and an invasion of the region by Diodotus in mid-144 seems to have been a failure. Territories further east, such as Susa and Elymais were conquered by the Parthians, who eventually took control of Mesopotamia as well in mid-141 BC.

Intervention in Judaea
At the same time Diodotus made diplomatic overtures to the Jews under Jonathan Apphus in order to have them join with him against Demetrius, giving him honours and appointing his brother Simon Thassi as general. Jonathan accepted these overtures. Josephus justifies this by claiming that Demetrius had persecuted the Jews and that the memory of Alexander Balas encouraged them to support his son Antiochus VI. The situation did not last, however. The Jewish sources claim that the boldness of the Jonathan's attacks on Demetrius' supporters led Diodotus to fear his power and begin to plot against him. In 142 BC, Diodotus dispatched troops who lured Jonathan to Ptolemais with a small guard and captured him. Although Simon Thassi paid the money that Diodotus had demanded as a ransom for his brother, Diodotus had him executed anyway and attempted to attack Jerusalem. Heavy snowfall forced him to abandon the siege and return to Syria. Simon quickly became a close ally of Demetrius II, who granted extensive freedoms to him - later seen as the moment when the Hasmonean Jewish state achieved full independence.

In the same year an army of Tryphon's routed a pro-Demetrius force under Sarpedon between Ptolemais and Tyre, but as they were marching along the coast in pursuit, a great tidal wave wiped out the army, according to Athenaeus.

Kingship
In late 142 or early 141 BC, Antiochus VI Dionysus died, supposedly during a medical operation; most ancient sources accuse Diodotus of having had the young king murdered. Diodotus convinced the army to elect him king.

Royal titles and representation
As king, Diodotus used the name Tryphon Autocrator. 'Tryphon' referred to the Hellenistic royal virtue of tryphe (luxury). Tryphe was sometimes a negative attribute, implying softness, but could also be a positive virtue, advertising the ruler's wealth and ability to reward his subjects. The epithet Autokrator is unique; it is not attested for any other Greek ruler from this period. Edwyn Bevan argued that this epithet was intended to recall the Macedonian kings Philip II and Alexander the Great, who had held the title of Strategos Autokrator as elected leaders of the Greek forces against Persia. In Bevan's view this reference indicated Tryphon's election as king by the 'free Greco-Macedonian states of Syria'. Boris Chrubasik argues that Tryphon took the epithet in imitation of the Parthian rulers and to emphasise his independence from his predecessors (the term Autokrator literally means 'ruling (by) himself'). The martial overtones of it perhaps served to counter the implications of softness that sometimes were associated with tryphe.

There is no sign that Tryphon considered himself to be part of the Seleucid dynasty. On the contrary, he emphasised the break with his Seleucid predecessors through his unusual title, as well as the iconography of his coinage. His coins depicts him in a mature guise, with a rather fat face and long flowing hair - emphasising the luxuriousness implied by the name Trypon. The reverse side of his coins depict an elaborately decorated Boeotian helmet. This might have been meant to extend his connection to the army, and/or to further emphasise the idea of martial luxury. The break with the Seleucids was also indicated by the abandonment of the Seleucid dating system, in which years were counted continuously from the rise to power of Seleucus I. Tryphon instituted a new system, counting from his own accession as king.

In order to secure Roman recognition of his kingship, Tryphon sent a golden statue of the goddess Nike to Rome. The Roman Senate chose to accept this Nike as a gift from Antiochus VI and did not extend recognition to Tryphon. There is no evidence that any of the neighbouring kings recognised Tryphon's kingship either.

War against Demetrius II and Antiochus VII
Once he was king, Tryphon expanded his control to at least Ptolemais-Akke and Dor. Demetrius, meanwhile, had journeyed east in 139/8 to fight the Parthians, who had seized control of Mesopotamia the previous year. He was defeated and captured by them July or August of 138 BC, leaving Tryphon as uncontested ruler of the remaining Seleucid territories.

Almost immediately, however, Demetrius' brother, Antiochus VII Sidetes took up the conflict against Tryphon. He declared himself King Antiochus Euergetes, left his home in Rhodes, and landed in Phoenicia in the face of staunch resistance. He married the wife of Demetrius, Cleopatra Thea, further legitimizing his position. Numismatic evidence shows that many coastal cities remained loyal to Tryphon, but that Sidon and Tyre immediately attached themselves to Antiochus' cause. Antiochus also successfully won over Simon Thassi by confirming and augmenting the grants made by his brother.

Antiochus defeated Tryphon in battle and took control of Antioch by the middle of 138 BC. He moved south to the fortress-city of Dor, where he was besieged. From there he escaped by sea to Orthosia and made his way to his home-region of Apamea, where he was besieged again. He died in late 138 or early 137 BC. Some sources say he was captured and executed, others that he committed suicide.

See also

 List of Syrian monarchs
 Timeline of Syrian history

References

Bibliography
Primary
Polybius, Histories
Periochae of Livy, Ab Urbe Condita Libri LV
Strabo, Geographica
Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews (AJ) XIII
Appian, Syrian Wars
Justin, Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus XXXVI
Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca historica XXXII
First Book of Maccabees, a deutero-canonical biblical text

Secondary
</ref>

138 BC deaths
2nd-century BC Seleucid rulers
2nd-century BC rulers
Seleucid people in the books of the Maccabees
Seleucid rulers
Year of birth unknown
Kings of Syria

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


JOHANNESBURG: South Africa's star batsman AB de Villiers on Wednesday announced his surprise retirement from all international cricket after a glittering 14-year career playing for the Proteas.
Mr 360 says goodbye to international cricket JOHANNESBURG: South Africa's star batsman AB de Villiers on Wednesday announced his surprise retirement from all international cricket after a glittering 14-year career playing for the Proteas.
He holds the world record for the fastest half-century (16 balls), hundred (31 balls) and 150 (64 balls) in One-Day Internationals, and is one of the few batsmen to top the Test and 50-over rankings at the same time.
CSA Chief Executive Thabang Moroe said De Villiers' decision ahead of the 2019 World Cup in England and Wales was disappointing but respected.


Living in Kerala, as children, we always had a love-hate relationship with June when schools would reopen after a two month-long leisurely summer vacation. And much to everyone's content, June always brought along with it the divine drops of euphoria. There were heavenly pleasures like waking up to the world of overflowing rivulets and lush green paddy fields soaked in the overnight downpour.
To relive all those memories, we planned a short trip to Kumarakom backwaters in Kerala. The Vembanad Lake, one of the largest fresh water lakes in the state, surrounded with lush greenery, with an added attraction of a bird sanctuary housing exotic species of birds, offers an endless expanse of picturesque beauty. However, our intention was to simply enjoy the symphony of rain on the languorous backwaters.
From Kottayam, after a cup of freshly brewed steaming coffee in the morning, we resumed our journey through a 16-kilometre narrow road to Kumarakom. Within half-an-hour, we reached the lakeside where a long array of houseboats were awaiting visitors. The boom in the backwater tourism in the area, which has been marked as a special tourism zone by the government, has eventually pushed the land value up, prompting villagers to sell their property for fancy prices. Cashing in on the trend, most of them, who were farmers, started houseboat and homestay services. Sisupalan, whom we met there, was one among them, and offers a well-furnished luxury houseboat service for prices ranging from Rs 10,000 to Rs 20,000 for 12 hours. A two-hour trip in a houseboat through the pristine backwaters will cost you at least Rs 2,000. Speed boats, raw boats and country boats are also available for exploring the lake's baffling beauty.
We settled for an air-conditioned boat built in traditional Kerala nalukettu style. Before starting the journey, the driver gave us an overview of the places to be covered. On the way, he enlightened us about the nearby Ayemenam village, which shot to fame after it was fictionalised in the Booker Prize winning The God of Small Things by Arundhati Roy.As we passed through, we could spot several luxury resorts lined up on the shores of the lake that is aesthetically encircled by coconut palms and mangroves. As we cruised along the backwaters, we had a glimpse of its charming rustic life. We then visited the local bird sanctuary. Spread across 14 acres, it is home to rare migratory birds and is a must-visit. We also had a first-hand experience of fishing in canals. My joy knew no bounds as I managed to learn the nuances of steering the huge boat. These boats were earlier used to transport rice and spices between Kuttanadu and Cochin. A standard house boat, which could be about 100-feet-long, can ferry as many goods as three big lorries.
All the activity had given us a huge appetite and as the slow-moving boat passed through various islands, including Pathiramanal, where people can treat themselves to the Kerala special sweet toddy, and Thanneermukkam bund, we gorged on some lip-smacking karimeen (pearl spot) fry and tapioca.
Lulled by the waves into a state of tranquillity, we returned to the boarding point as darkness crept in, despair writ large on the face of my companion as we had missed the spectacular sunset. However, rain poured out all its splendour on God's own country, reassuring its enviable bond with this land.
An article published in Deccan Herald.


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Home News India-Singapore Flights Commence Under The Vaccinated Travel Lane
India-Singapore Flights Commence Under The Vaccinated Travel Lane
Various countries have imposed travel curbs in the wake of the new COVID variant.
Flight services between India and Singapore under the Vaccinated Travel Lane (VTL) commenced on Monday even as Singapore deferred similar travel arrangements with some countries amid the 'Omicron' scare.
Vistara and IndiGo said they have started operating flights to Singapore, while there was no comment from Air India. VTL allows quarantine-free travel to Singapore for fully vaccinated travellers.
"There is no change as of now in terms of our Singapore operations – our first flight went at 1:50 am today," a Vistara spokesperson said.
While there is no change as of now, the spokesperson said the situation is being reviewed and a decision will be taken accordingly.
"We can confirm that we are operating our flight on Chennai-Singapore as per schedule," an IndiGo spokesperson said.
Last week, Singapore Airlines also announced that flights to and from India will resume from November 29. There was no immediate comment from the airline on Monday regarding the services.
Various countries have imposed travel curbs in the wake of the emergence of the new COVID variant "Omicron". India too will review its decision to resume scheduled international passenger flights from December 15 on the basis of the evolving scenario. Earlier this month, Singapore and India agreed on resuming scheduled commercial flights between the two countries under the VTL from November 29, with six designated flights daily from Chennai, Delhi, and Mumbai.
Vistara, last week, said it would operate Airbus A320neo/A321neo planes five times a week between India and Singapore starting from November 29.
Meanwhile, Singapore has deferred VTL arrangements with Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates as a "precautionary move" to reduce the risk of importation and spread of 'Omicron'.
VTLs for these three countries, originally scheduled to launch from December 6, will now be deferred "until further notice", Singapore's Ministry of Health (MOH) said on Sunday.
PM Not Sympathiser Of Farmers, But Seeker Of Votes: Priyanka Gandhi Vadra
J.J. Watt weighs in on wild Kliff Kingsbury-Oklahoma report


SPOOKS, a self-published novel by the pseudonymous writer E.M. Quangel, is a roman à clef about the world of hipster journalism centered around Vice Magazine. That SPOOKS is effective satire is attested to by the way one of its targets, the "artist, activist, writer and entrepreneur" Molly Crabapple, has recently gone out of her way to "dox" Quangel, and try to get her fired from her job. While Crabapple argues that she outed Quangel as an act of spontaneous outrage over Quangel's views about the civil war Syria, I wouldn't be surprised if SPOOKS also had something to do with it.
While you don't have to be familiar with the feud between the upwardly mobile Crabapple and the communist Emma Quangel to appreciate SPOOKS, it helps to be familiar with social media. In fact, the more addicted you are to Twitter, Facebook, live streaming, or Instagram, the better you will understand Quangel's novel, which grounds its dystopia in the class conflicts that get carried over from "real life" to the Internet.
SPOOKS is set in Brooklyn in the not so distance future. New York in the year 2031 is a more extreme version of the New York of Michael Bloomberg and Bill de Blasio. Just having a place to sleep costs most of your monthly income. The police are a heavily militarized, occupying army. For a recent college graduate lured to Brooklyn or Manhattan by the promise of an upwardly mobile career path and an active social life, all the good things about the big city are tantalizingly close, yet unreachable to anybody without a trust fund or the right connections. Caroline, an underemployed, over-educated writer of 25, has three masters degrees, works 14 hours a week at Starbucks, and lives in a 50-square-foot micro-apartment on Atlantic Avenue.
Probably the best thing about SPOOKS is the way it dramatizes the false promise of the Internet. Social media is not democracy. It is an illusion of democracy, a world dominated by a small number of well-connected players with ties to big corporations and to the military industrial complex. The more time Caroline spends online, the shittier her life gets, or rather, to be more accurate, the shittier her life gets, the more time she has to spend online to make it bearable. One day she attracts the attention of a social media star named "Amanda Abbey," a thinly fictionalized Molly Crabapple. Abbey invites Caroline to a "burlesque show" then offers to read some of her "long form writing." After a brief perusal of Caroline's work, Abbey convinces her friend Dan Hemingway to hire Caroline as a contributing editor at a new publication called Dilettante, an "edgy" new publication that's funded by individual subscriptions to its writers.
Suddenly, Caroline's life improves. She gets to live in a real apartment, not a 50-square-foot box, has access to good food, even wine, which in 2031 is far beyond the means of all but the most privileged, and, above all, to an active social life. Caroline, who chooses to ignore how Amanda has chosen her more because she's young and attractive, because she's an effective salesperson, than because she's a good writer, becomes a big time social media star and alternative, left journalist. Eventually we realize that she's not a real journalist at all, but a minor, and unwitting cog in the national security state. Earlier in the novel we had learned that Caroline had a degree in "Security Studies," was $2,236,781.38 in debt for student loans, and had unsuccessfully applied for jobs at the CIA and the NSA. Her reporting, which involves wearing "Spectacles," a more sophisticated version of Google Glass, will be familiar to anybody who's followed the development of "live streaming" through the Occupy and Black Lives Matter movements. Caroline provides an unfiltered look at the story, but her subscribers, and, more importantly, the police and the various national intelligence agencies, can also monitor her. Eventually her "reporting" seems more like snitching than journalism.
Soon we learn that Amanda Abbey, and the various hipster journalists around Dilettante, are anything but real journalists. Rather, they are upwardly mobile opportunists acting the part of left journalists for fame, high-salaries and access to the rich and powerful. If you argue that "well, that's what real journalists are", you would be correct. Quangel just takes it to its logical conclusion. Why hire cranky old men like Walter Cronkite or Dan Rather when you can hire pretty young girls who will double as prostitutes? Eventually Caroline gets an "opportunity" to visit a "CIA black site," a trip that's as tightly manipulated by the US military as the "embedded" corporate media was manipulated in Iraq. While Caroline learns the truth about CIA blacks sites from one of her "trolls", a young man who uses the codename "Peter Parker," Quangel makes it clear that even if Caroline had tried to do any genuine reporting, it would have been impossible. She's not a journalist. She's an actress.
To me, the last quarter of SPOOKS, which ventures into the same territory covered by the classic film The Manchurian Candidate, reads more like an exclamation point than any further development of the plot. Quangel has already done such a good job of showing the upwardly mobile left media to be populated by opportunists and frauds, that it almost seems beside the point. Why would the United States military even need to put a character as shallow and venal as Caroline through an elaborate, and costly, series of paces designed to manipulate her into reporting what she would have probably reported of her own free will? But perhaps I'm just not being cynical enough. The United States military has so much money, and so much control over the corporate, and the alternative corporate media that it all becomes a game for them after awhile. What's more, the military industrial complex, which is both highly familiar to the average American — a lot of people serve in the military — and yet operates undemocratically and in secret, has to wage a constant battle against reality, to stage a long running and ongoing public relations campaign to justify the amount of money they spend and the number of people they kill.
What better spokesperson for the military industrial complex than an easily duped "leftist" journalist just as eager for money and access as anybody at Fox or CNN?
Did Quangle end up losing her job? I saw Crabapple's doxing tweets and it's pretty vicious and hypocritical considering her own connections. And online activism isn't activism. Sitting behind a computer screen with a fake name and a photoshopped image of yourself and spewing your own brand of justice isn't activism.
I don't know since I haven't taken the trouble to learn EM's real name, and have no contact with her.


Stephanie Voong | Purposefully Pretty Inc.
Hey there! My name is Stephanie Voong and I am 24 years old. I was born and raised in the San Francisco Bay Area. I love California but I wanted to experience something new and different so I decided to attend Syracuse University in upstate NY for my undergraduate studies. I studied Entrepreneurship and Marketing and that was where I discovered my passion for social media marketing. After graduating, I moved straight to New York City to continue to pursing my dreams. I found a 9-5 job a few months after graduating and worked there for a total of 14 months before quitting. I became a full-time entrepreneur before my 23rd birthday. The day that I quit my job was one of the scariest yet best days of my life. The #SocialMediaQueen was officially born. And I learned that nothing is impossible- people may tell you that you can't do it but you just go out and prove them wrong.
My social media company, SV Consulting, offers social media marketing services to small to mid-size businesses. Some services include social media management, strategy, and live coverage of events/conferences. I also offer social media courses where I teach professionals and help business owners understand the power of social media marketing. I also speak about social media at events and conferences. I am also a co-author of "The Art of Activation" book collaboration.
Currently, I am teaching social media classes at Borough of Manhattan Community College in the Continuing Education Dept. I am receiving more invitations to speak at business events and conferences. I am looking for opportunities to speak and mentor our youth/teenagers on how to stay safe on social media. I am also planning to expand my company into offering more than social media marketing services. I want my company to become a "one-stop shop" digital agency for small to mid-size businesses.
I am Purposefully Pretty because I am a young, female entrepreneur who is ambitious and dedicated to helping others find their purpose on social media. I'm tired of seeing our young females posting comments and photos that are negatively impacting their reputation. I want them to "own" their personal brands online so that prepares them for their future careers and they can inspire others in their generations. I want to inspire young females that ANYTHING is possible as long as you believe in yourself. The only person who can tell you "NO" is your own self. The world is your playground, so have fun and be safe on social media!


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Tag Archives: lloyd sachikonye
Beyond the crises: debating Zimbabwe's future
News from Zimbabwe is dominated by crisis: economic, political, social, environmental and more. But what lies beyond? It is good news that people are thinking about this. A blog/website has been launched, centred on the book edited by Tendai Murisa and Tendai Chikweche, called 'Beyond the crises: Zimbabwe's prospect for transformation'. A blog that appeared a few weeks back offered a useful analysis of the current predicament, arguing following Brian Raftopolous, for the need to go beyond the polarised divide between a politics of redistribution and a politics of rights; and that in fact both are needed.
Tendai Murisa, currently executive director of Trust Africa, formerly a PhD student at Rhodes, and a researcher at the African Institute of Agrarian Studies, working with the late Sam Moyo, is one of the key drivers. The book and the various blogs are important reading for anyone concerned with the future of Zimbabwe. The book contains chapters on changing policy regimes (Murisa and Nyaguse), microfinance, business and small-scale enterprises (Chikweche and others), agrarian issues (Murisa and Mujyei), including gender dynamics, accumulation and land reform (Mutopo); and biodiversity, climate and environmental change (Ndebele-Murisa, Mubaya, Mutasa). All are worth a read. I however want to concentrate on the beginning and end of the book, and the discussion of the need for a transformation in Zimbabwe. They even offer a manifesto.
What is refreshing about this discussion is that it is non-partisan and barely mentions the internecine wars of party politics. It discusses politics in its broader sense, as the modes of governance required for a successful, prosperous, inclusive society. That Zimbabwe is far from this ideal is very plain, and is discussed across the book. Murisa in particular makes the case that a new politics needs to be built from the ground up, generated from the energies, innovations and solidarities of local communities. Only then will the corrupt, patronage-based politics of the centre – emanating from all sides – be challenged.
This argument picks up from Murisa's own research that documented the emergence of forms of associational life on new resettlements following land reform. It is an important piece of work that points to the importance of mutualism, social connection and relationship building for any new activity – in this case new forms of production on the land. Extending this argument to wider society, the book makes the case that this has been lost, captured by a venal politics of greed and corruption, and that any transformation must instead emerge from a base, one rooted in solidarity, trust, and mutual cooperation, developing a civic pact that goes beyond shallow, performative participation.
Now of course in the face of the power of the party-business-security state, this may seem somewhat hopeful. But in order to get away from the obsession about leadership succession, pacts and alliances across parties, and how to make an electoral system less open to manipulation, a wider look at politics in its broader sense is important.
In his commentary at the launch of the book, Lloyd Sachikonye made some important points of gentle critique, however. There are dangers in imagining an ideal 'community' led response without thinking about class, identity, and power – and the array of differences that divide as well as bring together. He asked: What constellation of classes, groups and alliances should form its vanguard and base?" Murisa and colleagues, coming from a different generation of scholars less influenced by Marx perhaps, do not throw much light on the intersections of class, capital and the state in their analysis. This is a gap. But it is not incompatible with arguing for a new form of politics in my view.
As Nancy Fraser has long argued, an emancipatory politics that takes democracy seriously must address redistribution (and questions of equity and class difference), recognition (and issues of identity politics) and representation (but not just through occasional elections) together, rethinking the 'public sphere', and creating a 'triple movement' for an emancipatory politics. A revitalised politics in the face of globalised neoliberal capitalism and nationalist, populist politics (and Zimbabwe has its own particular version, but with striking echoes of what has emerged elsewhere), building new forms of political practice is essential. Whether this is the much-hyped hashtag activism of recent times or a more grounded building of new forms of action in particular places – or ideally interactions of the two through new forms of mobilisation – such moves must focus not just on unsettling existing forms of incumbent power, but also creating alternatives that, following Polanyi, re-embed market relations, socialising production in new ways.
At the same time, a new politics must allow for the recognition of diverse identities, including men, women, different ethnicities, creating a new voice for rural people, many of whom benefited from land reform. How this builds to new forms of representation is the big question, with political parties being so bereft of policy ideas and presenting a narrow, blinkered democratic imagination. As Sachikonye argues, this does not mean rejecting electoral democracy but reshaping it with a more vibrant engagement.
Having an intellectual debate about these issues in a non-partisan forum, based on scholarship from Zimbabwe, is really refreshing, and timely. Only with such input will Zimbabwe ever find a space beyond the seemingly endless crises.
Tagged as Brian Raftopolous, land reform, lloyd sachikonye, Nancy Fraser, politics, sam moyo, Tendai Murisa, zimbabwe
Geographies of violence in Zimbabwe
Lloyd Sachikonye has written several powerful articles and books on violence in Zimbabwe. His book, 'When a State turns against its citizens: 60 years of institutionalized violence in Zimbabwe' is particularly important. It documents what happened particularly around the elections in 2008, and how state led terror, deeply embedded in a particular political culture, was unleashed on the population. While graphic and harrowing, the book, as many accounts, gives the impression that this is what happened everywhere. In fact, there is an important geography of violence in Zimbabwe, which requires explanation, and this explanation helps us to nuance and differentiate are accounts of recent Zimbabwean politics in important ways.
There is little doubt that state-led violence, largely perpetrated by agents of ZANU-PF, increased during the 2000s, and peaked in particular around the 2008 elections. But there has been less commentary on the geography of violence – where it happened, and why. The uneven distribution of violence – including 161 cases that resulted in death – is highlighted in the dramatic maps produced by civil society monitoring groups and reproduced on the Sokwanele website. As these maps graphically show, violence of all sorts was massively concentrated in Mashonaland Central and East (1341 cases, around 60% of the total for the country), with ZANU youth being the main perpetrators. Masvingo, bar the series of incidents associated with election intimidation by war veterans in the communal area, Zaka, was by comparison relative unscathed.
It is this geographical difference that reflects the very different perceptions of politics in the country. As discussed in other blogs, our study has been accused of underplaying violent state politics as a factor in land reform, but even the civil society and human rights group monitoring even at the peak period in 2008 shows how limited this actually was in the province. We just reported what we found, and it seems to reflect what other data shows. But this is not to undermine or dismiss the 33 incidents (including 8 deaths) that were recorded in Masvingo province. Nor is this to suggest that the Mashonaland violence was isolated or unusual: it wasn't – it was systematic and terrifying. However, it does push us to – yet again – nuance our analyses by place and time.
History is particularly important. Different provinces and districts have had very different political histories. The contrasts between Mashonaland and Matabeleland are obvious, usually cast in starkly defining ethnic terms. But Manicaland is different again, as is Karanga or Shangaan Masvingo. But even within these areas, there are further differences reflecting long-standing divides in political formations, histories of the liberation war and affiliations to particular leaders. This is not the place to go into these, as they are immensely complex and require the sort of detailed district histories that Terence Ranger commented on in his review of our book. Only with these histories do we get a sense of the social and political history of particular places, and how this affects contemporary patterns of politics, patronage and violence.
Ranger is therefore absolutely right that the Masvingo story is peculiar and particular – just as every area of Zimbabwe is in one sense. And the more fine grained you go, each village and farm is different in other ways, as we explained in our brief histories of jambanja farm invasion experiences. So explaining the politics of land acquisition, who benefited and why requires this sort of analysis.
Arnold Chamunogwa has completed a fascinating MA thesis at IDS at the University of Sussex, using different theories of politics to explore the different dynamics and outcomes in three different cases all recently presented in the Journal of Peasant Studies special issue – in Goromonzi near Harare (based on the PhD work by Nelson Marongwe), Chipinge in Manicaland (based on the work of Phillan Zamchiya) and Masvingo province (based on our work). He argues that theories of 'instrumentalisation of disorder' (drawing on Patrick Chabal and Jean-Pascal Deloz among others) characterises some areas, while theories of 'neo-patrimonialism' (based on work by Nicholas van der Walle and others) characterise others, and in other areas theories of 'informal politics' (based on arguments by David Booth, Richard Crook, Christian Lund and others) are more appropriate explanations. These politics emerge from particular histories, social configurations, state relations and experiences of land reform, as well as the particular characteristics and values of the farm systems concerned. The experiences in Goromonzi, Chipinge and Masvingo were as a result very different.
That's no surprise, I hear you exclaim! Well in a way, no. But it's important to point out, and the theorisation is helpful to differentiate between different forms of politics in practice – none conforming to the standard liberal good governance mode. So why then did 'the instrumentalisation of disorder' dominate in Mashonaland Central and East? This was the core of the Zezuru support base for ZANU PF, and with Goromonzi so close to Harare, there were rich pickings for the elite who were able to create disorder actively and manipulate the process, grabbing land as a result. In Chipinge, with a different political configuration and a historically strong opposition from ZANU Ndonga, a political-bureaucratic network formed to allocate high value land to try and consolidate ZANU PF support, attempting to create a support base in the midst of opposition, ousting land invaders in the process. By contrast, in Masvingo a more informal politics emerged, particularly around the invaded A1 and informal farms where a mix of people were involved, led by war veterans and traditional leaders. The factional politics of Masvingo meant that the imposition of a strong centrist party line was impossible, and locally negotiated solutions emerged. In all settings, attempts at political capture were incomplete, often failing dramatically, and war veterans and others who led invasions often turned on leading party officials attempting to grab land, accusing them of undermining the objectives of the 'Third Chimurenga'. Politics, as ever, was highly contested, yet the styles and patterns differed due to very particular, and often very long-term socio-cultural and political histories of the different sites.
As we assess the changing nature of Zimbabwean politics, it is important to take these differences into account, and avoid the generalisations that so much commentary resorts to. Just as Zimbabwe as a whole is not explained by what has gone on in Masvingo, so too is the wider political story not explained by referring only to Mashonaland and the highly contested farms near Harare. Explaining this diversity in the geographies of violence is not to condone it, but it does help explain why the recent past has been experienced so differently in different places across the country.
This post was written by Ian Scoones and originally appeared on Zimbabweland
Tagged as arnold chamunogwa, land, lloyd sachikonye, sokwanele, violence, zimbabwe
Migration myths. Why you shouldn't always believe the figures for Zimbabwe
How many times have you heard that over 3 million people have fled Zimbabwe, migrating to South Africa or elsewhere? The figure varies, but it's always big. But where does it come from and is it true?
This is a question asked by Jonathan Crush and Daniel Tevera in their edited book, Zimbabwe's Exodus: Crisis, Migration, Survival published in 2010. They trace the earliest use of the 3 million figure to South African media reports in 2003, and to comments made by Thabo Mbeki who claimed there were this number of Zimbabweans in South Africa. The figure has been repeated since, yet the media reports keep presenting a picture of people continuously 'flooding' across the border to South Africa. The figures just do not add up. You would think that there would be nobody left, beyond Mugabe and his cronies, if you believed everything you read!
Crush and Tevera point to the political nature of these figures. The argue that "The South African media and officialdom have a history of making up numbers about migration to the country. These numbers, often highly exaggerated for alarmist effect, acquire a life of their own once they enter the public realm. Tracking down their source usually reveals that they have no sound statistical basis". They are, in other words, myths, and ones repeated by many who should know better.
Indeed the book shows there is no way of knowing the actual facts. No-one on either side of the border keeps proper records, people move back and forward between countries in the region with a high frequency and much movement is illegal in any case. The book offers some clues, however, and usefully compiles what statistics there are, but the authors are at pains to point out the difficulties of precise numbers particularly in the context of circular migration patterns. Circular migration – to places of work and back to home – has been part of southern Africans livelihoods for the best part of a century, as Debbie Potts points out in her recent book focusing on Harare. Yet, as Crush and Tevera point out, this history is often forgotten in contemporary policy discussions, framing current events as new, dramatic and with movement in need of containment. It is of course a familiar story for those of us who live in 'fortress Europe'.
But have things changed as a result of the crisis in Zimbabwe? Has there been a greater movement of people and have patterns changed? The answer is of course, yes. There are some excellent new works on the Zimbabwean diaspora which tell us lots about who the diaspora are, where they come from and how they relate to 'home'. Crush and Tevera concentrate on South Africa, while Joann McGregor and Ranka Primorac focus on the UK, for example, and the chapters in these books contain plenty of fascinating cases. As we show from data from Masvingo, patterns of migration have changed significantly in the last couple of decades, particularly from 1990s and the period of structural adjustment. The 'classic' movement to the farms or mines within Zimbabwe for a period followed by return to the communal areas on retirement has shifted. There are now new migrants, including youth without land or the prospect of land, the border jumpers; there are more women migrants, tapping into regional trade networks, and there is greater transnational migration, to other countries in the SADC region, but also significantly to the UK.
Each of these migrant groups (and there are of course others) link to home in different ways, sending remittances in different amounts and forms. In the 2000s, when Zimbabwe's economy was in meltdown, these flows of remittances were crucial, especially if they could get into the country in foreign exchange. Work by Sarah Bracking and Llloyd Sachikonye for the Brooks Institute at Manchester offers some insights into these relationships, but a deeper understanding of how such external players interact with local economies is always difficult to grasp.
In a review of the Crush and Tevera book, Terry Ranger asks: "Perhaps the most important question is not why so many Zimbabweans have left, but why – and how – so many have stayed". This is an intriguing question because if as Crush and Tevera point out 'a few hundred thousand' have left, then most people have remained, even if they leave for periods and return. Given the crisis at home, why? We know much about the push factors, but what about the factors that keep people at home? There are of course the natural bonds of family and home that are valued, the importance of familiarity and the support networks that exist. These are big factors especially when contrasting with the xenophobia experienced by migrants in South Africa, for example.
But there is also one hypothesis that is not explored in these works, one perhaps too difficult to contemplate. Perhaps for some things were not so bad at home; at least not as extreme as sometimes portrayed. The Zimbabwean economic crisis hit the still relatively small middle classes much harder than others. Others gained land, and some returned from abroad to gain access during the land reform. With no jobs at home and few in South Africa or elsewhere except for the connected and skilled, farming at home was perhaps a better option in this period. Certainly remittances have, as they have always done, offset the worst of the crisis, but perhaps land reform, although precipitating some migration from those dispossessed, including farm workers and white farmers, acted to provide a cushion for others. And, for significant proportion of new farmers in Masvingo province, particularly on the A1 plots, they actually fared rather well, and would not dream of leaving, and heading off to the uncertainties and vulnerabilities of the diaspora.
Tagged as daniel tevera, debbie potts, diaspora, joann mcgregor, jonathan crush, lloyd sachikonye, migration, ranka primorac, remittances, sarah bracking, terry ranger, zimbabwe


In feng shui, the health of your front door is very important for the good feng shui energy in your whole house. What do I mean by the health of your front door? Feng shui-wise, the health of your front door starts with such basics as a clean door, a door that opens without too much effort or noise, a door that has beautiful hardware and is well-lit. A good feng shui front door is a door with good energetic support such as a wide doormat, big pots on either side and any other decor features that ground the energy well.
Going a bit deeper, a healthy feng shui front door has a good relationship with the feng shui element of the compass direction it faces. This means that the look of the door either expresses the main feng shui element of its facing direction, or it expresses one of the feng shui elements that nourish the main element of its facing direction. If all this sounds like a mouthful (but you are eventually interested in learning more about the power of feng shui elements) I have all the info ready when you are ready!
To make it easy (and visual) for you, I have created two image galleries to illustrate — as well as give further info — on the bestfeng shui colors for a door facing each compass direction. The first gallery has the best feng shui colors for a front door, and the second gallery has the second best choice of feng shui colors for your front door. Scroll down and click on the image to find out the best feng shui colors for your front door.
If you are familiar with the concept of bagua, you know that in feng shui, each compass direction corresponds to a specific life area. This is where you can bring even more power to your front door by subtly activating it with the essence of its bagua area energy. If you are new to the information about the bagua, or the feng shui energy map, the info below is a good start.
By taking good care of the energy of your front door you are doing your house — and yourself! — a huge favor. Or, I think I better use the word service. It is in the service to the good feng shui of the whole house that the front door needs to be lovingly and wisely activated with the best possible feng shui. If you are using the Western/BTB feng shui bagua for your home, I have this info for you, too.


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Q: Fixed Header of jsf/tomhawak datatable I'm using richfaces 3.1 and jsf 1.1 and tomhawak , i need to keep fixed header in table.
I have also tried with css , since its working properly in mozila firefox but not in IE.
It would be helpful, if any other approach will be there.

A: It will be a good idea to post the CSS you tried.
On my application, I have such a header, which is a simple <div> (you can use a <h:panelGroup layout="block"> if you want to stick to JSF components) with specific CSS class:
Here is the default CSS:
div.fixed-header {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
}

and for IE6 support, I added:
div.fixed-header {
    position: absolute;
    top: expression( ignore = document.documentElement.scrollTop + "px" );
}


Western Colorado is gaining prominence as a producer of fine wines, and the reputation is well deserved. The wineries and vineyards of the Western Slope are situated in an ideal location to grow wine grapes. The elevation, soil conditions, temperatures, and water are extremely conducive to establishing vineyards and wineries.
VINEYARDS, WINERIES, SKIING, RAFTING, HUNTING, AND FLY-FISHING! AN AWESOME COMBINATION!
Lifestyle is also an important consideration for Colorado vintners. Our vineyards are located in close proximity to world-class skiing, whitewater rafting, wilderness horseback riding and hiking, trophy big game hunting, and even upland bird hunting, and all in a relaxed rural environment with plenty of urban amenities close by. Schools are excellent and it's a great place to raise a family.
Some of the more feasible vineyard locations include Palisade and Grand Junction; Delta, Olathe, and Montrose; the North Fork Valley, including the towns of Paonia, Hotchkiss, Eckert, and Orchard City; Canon City, in the souther part of the state; and Cortez, in the far southwest corner of the state, near the New Mexico border.
When searching for vineyard real estate, there are basically two routes to consider: either buying an established vineyard, or buying agricultural property to start from scratch.
There are many advantages to buying an established vineyard, beginning with the extensive infrastructure necessary to grow wine grapes. The irrigation systems, fencing, trellises, and planting of the vines is a big project involving quite a lot of expense. Normally it takes at least four years before you start seeing significant production from the vines, so you've got a significant waiting period before you'll see bins full of harvested grapes.
There can be several drawbacks to buying an existing vineyard. Perhaps they planted grape varieties that you don't like. Maybe the set-up is poorly designed. It could be too small or too large for your budget or business plan.
There are several vineyards on the market. If you're searching for established Colorado vineyard real estate for sale, I have several options in mind. If you think you'd rather start fresh with vacant agricultural land suited for starting a vineyard, I know of several properties that would be ideal for Colorado viticulture.
Once the grapes are harvested, the winery itself with the presses, vats, storage, casking, storage, bottling, and loading facilities is an expensive investment.
That being said, more and more wineries are appearing in Western Colorado all the time. With vineyards, there are several important factors that must be considered, including elevation, adequate irrigation rights, solar exposure, types of soils, and size of the parcel. With wineries, other factors must be considered, such as commercial zoning, loading facilities, and visibility to tourists and other visitors. It's a tricky combination of agricultural property combined with commercial visibility and traffic patterns.
If you've always wanted to own a Colorado winery, give me a call, and I can give you some ideas of what's on the market. I know of two or three vineyards and wineries that are not actively listed, but their owners have expressed an interest in selling.
The established fruit orchards in Western Colorado are another exciting agricultural opportunity. Peaches, pears, apples, plums, cherries—Western Colorado is known world-wide as a producer of top-quality, juicy, luscious fruit. Many growers are gaining renown for their organic orchards and the beautiful organic fruit that they are growing. Orchards can be found in turn-key condition, with fencing, irrigation, packing sheds, and fruit trees all in great condition.
Additionally, there are established organic farms for sale that are set up and ready to go. They already have an organic certification, and their markets are expecting fresh, organically grown produce.
Call me if you need help locating an orchard or organic farm for sale in Colorado!


No meeting facilities were found in Mifflinburg, Pennsylvania. Your search was widened to include meeting facilities within 300 miles of Mifflinburg, Pennsylvania. To find more area meeting facilities, click the Zoom link shown above.


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DAVID LEY. Professor/Head of Geography and Canada Research Chair, University of British Columbia. PhD (1972), MS (1970) Pennsylvania State University, BA (1968) Oxford University.
Service to Geography. AAG Member since 1972; Associate Editor Annals of the AAG, 1992-93; AAG Urban Geography Specialty Group Board Member, Vice-Chair 1992-93; Chair, 1993-94; Canadian Association of Geographers' Member since 1972; elected National Councillor 1985-88; Associate Editor, Canadian Geographer, 1989-2002; Institute of British Geographers Member since 1976; IGU Commission on Urban Geography Member (1991-2001); Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada Grant Adjudication Committee (1982-85), Committee Chair (1984-85); Joint Editor, Human Geography Series, Cambridge University Press (1986-90); Editorial Boards, Annals of the AAG (1982-84), Canadian Geographer (1989-2001), Canadian Journal of Urban Studies (1996-2000, 2004-09), Cultural Geographies (2002- ), Ecumene (1992-2001), Geographical Compass (2007- ), Global Networks (2007- ), Journal of International Migration and Immigration (1999-2009), Social and Cultural Geography (1999-2005), Society and Space (1982-89), Urban Geography (1990-2007).
Honors, Awards, Grants: AAG Distinguished Scholarship Award (2009), Canada Research Chair of Geography (2001-07; 2008-14), Visiting Chair of Geography, King's College, Univ. London (2008-11), Ralph Brown Day Lecture, Univ. Minnesota (2007), Hooker Distinguished Visiting Professor, McMaster Univ (2005), Trudeau Foundation Fellow (2003-06), Distinguished Scholar Award, AAG Ethnic Geography Specialty Group (2004), Distinguished Professor in Residence, Peter Wall Institute of Advanced Studies, UBC (2003), Progress in Human Geography Lecture (2003), Von Humboldt Visiting Scholar, Univ. Nijmegen, Netherlands (2002), Christensen Fellow, Univ. Oxford (2000), Meyer Fellow, National Univ. Singapore (1999), Killam Graduate Mentoring Prize, UBC (1999), Elected to the Royal Society of Canada (1998), Wiley lecture, CAG-RCGS (1998), Hosler Alumni Scholar Medal, Pennsylvania State Univ. (1995), Fellowship, Japan Society for the Advancement of Science (1993), Award for Scholarly Distinction in Geography, CAG (1988). Other Visiting Professorships: Univ. Neuchatel, Switzerland (2007), Hitotsubashi Univ., Japan (1993), Hebrew Univ., Jerusalem (1986), Cambridge Univ. (1986). UBC Director of the Vancouver Centre of the Metropolis Project on Immigration and Integration, $2m 1996-2002, renewed 2002-07; other funding from the Social Science and Humanities Research Council, Trudeau Foundation, Province of British Columbia, and others.
Professional Experience: Head, Department of Geography, UBC (1987-8, 2009- ), Chair, Geography Graduate Program, UBC (1994-6, 2006); numerous review and selection committees; many media interviews; taught at all levels from first year to graduate; supervised over 50 MA/PhD theses, completed or in progress; partnerships with NGOs and government.
Research and Teaching Interests: Urban,social and cultural fields of human geography, especially immigration, urbanization, diversity, inequality, state policy, gentrification, and housing markets.
Publications: Ten authored/edited books, including Millionaire Migrants (2010), The New Middle Class and the Remaking of the Central City (1996), and Place/Culture/Representation (edited with J. Duncan, 1993). Over 100 journal articles and book chapters, including papers in the Annals of the AAG, Transactions, Inst. British Geogrs., Canadian Geographer, Die Erde, Progress in Human Geography, Society and Space, Urban Studies, Urban Geography, Global Networks, Economic Geography, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, Housing Studies.
Statement: It would be a privilege to represent Geography through the offices of the AAG. I value the discipline's achievements and am convinced of its scholarly importance in speaking to these difficult times. In international research partnerships and discussion -- across disciplines, with government agencies, with NGOs, and with the media – my experience is that geography's integrative perspective on place, space and nature at different scales is resilient and persuasive; its techniques of cartography and GIS provide illuminating insights. Before such challenges as climate change and environmental impacts, globalization, economic crisis, global geopolitics, public health, cultural diversity and social inclusion, geographic training and learning have much to offer. Increasingly our best scholarship integrates North American and international research, and internationalization should be increasingly present in our conferences and journals. Geography's best scholarship needs to be visible to broader audiences in government, the private sector and civil society, to aid the development of healthy departments and fulfilling employment for graduates in a fiscally challenging period. The insights of geographers enhance intellectual life at all post-secondary levels – from community colleges to elite private universities – and I will endeavor to advance the discipline's status in these arenas.
ERIC S. SHEPPARD. Regents Professor of Geography, and co-director of the Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Global Change, University of Minnesota. Ph.D. and M.A., University of Toronto (1976, 1974); B.Sc. Hons, Bristol University (1972).
Service to Geography: Member and Chair, AAG Honors Committee (2009-); Vice Chair and Chair, AAG Economic Geography Specialty Group (2000-2004); Chair, AAG Socialist Geography Specialty Group (1990-91, 1980-82); Member, AAG Program Committee (1986); Board of Directors, Urban Geography Specialty Group (1985-88); Organizing committee, AAG Socialist Geography Specialty Group, AAG Transportation Geography Specialty Group. Member, Advisory Board, UCGIS Body of Knowledge Curriculum Project (2005-6); Member, National Research Council (NRC) Committee on Geography (1998-2002); Member, NSF Geography and Regional Science panel (1988-2000); Chair, NCGIA Geographies of the Information Society Panel (1997-99); Member, NCGIA Board of Directors (1993-96); Member, NRC 'Rediscovering Geography' Committee (1993-5); Member, NCGE Education Standards Advisory Board (1993-5). Co-Editor: Environment and Planning A (1998-present), Antipode (1985-91). Editorial Boards: Annals AAG (1981-84; 1997-99, 2005-9), The Canadian Geographer, Human Geography, Dialogues in Human Geography, Economic Geography, Journal of Economic Geography, Geographical Analysis, The International Regional Science Review, Éspaces et Societés, Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea. Co-organizer of seven international geography conferences and workshops.
Honors, Awards, Grants: Fellow, Center for Advanced Studies in the Behavioral Sciences (2005-6); University of Tennessee, Ed Hammond Lecture (2009); Supporting Women in Geography graduate advising award, University of Minnesota (2009); The University of Wisconsin Milwaukee Harold Mayer Lecturer (2005); Distinguished Alumnus Award, University of Toronto (2004); The Ohio State University David Robinson Lecturer (2003); Fesler-Lampert Professor, in the Humanities, University of Minnesota (2002-4); The University of Kentucky Ellen Churchill Semple Lecturer (2002); The Clark University Wallace Atwood Lecturer (2002); Scholar of the College of Liberal Arts (2001-4); Distinguished Scholarship Honors, AAG (1999); Howard G. Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography (1990). Recipient of approximately thirty grants for research, instruction and graduate education ($1,800,000), from NSF, the Mellon Foundation and other sources.
Professional Experience: Chair, Department of Geography, University of Minnesota (1990-93), Director, Masters of Development Practice (2010-). Visiting Professorships: University of Amsterdam, National University of Singapore, Bristol University, University of Vienna, Business University of Vienna, Melbourne University, University of Indonesia. Visiting Scholar: International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis.
Research and Teaching Interests: Geographical political economy, uneven geographies of globalization, urban politics and policy, geographic information technologies and society, geographical philosophy and method, environmental justice, social movements.
Publications: Co-authored or edited ten books, including The Capitalist Space Economy, A World of Difference, Scale and Geographic Inquiry, The Companion to Economic Geography, and Politics and Practice in Economic Geography. Author or co-author of over 150 articles in refereed journals and book chapters in, e.g., Annals AAG, The Professional Geographer, The Canadian Geographer, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, Progress in Human Geography, Antipode, Environment and Planning A, Cartography and GIS, Cartographica, Economic Geography, The Journal of Economic Geography, Society & Space, Geographical Analysis, The Journal of Regional Science, Urban Geography.
Statement: At this time, with the world facing immense challenges, critical and creative research, teaching, and outreach are vital. By making a commitment to global engagement, Geography is ideally placed to play a leadership role. Geography remains my passion because of the diversity of scholarship that it embraces. This makes our discipline an ideal starting point for effectively addressing such 'wicked' problems as the inter-linked nature of climate change, market-led globalization, persistent poverty and marginalization. Thus we can and must work toward enhancing rigorous mutual engagement between seemingly separate sub-areas of the discipline. Inclusiveness is also key: We can and must work to maximize the diversity of the situated perspectives, imaginaries and experiences incorporated into Geography. This means recommitting to diversifying our membership, attracting non-whites and other under-represented communities to join our project, and engaging with disadvantaged communities beyond the academy. Our annual meeting's status as Geography's global meeting place can become the basis from which US geographers also learn from the expertise and perspectives located outside our Anglophone academy, working with local experts around the world to understand the reciprocal inter-relations between localized events and larger-scale processes. Geography must remain strong throughout public university cutbacks. Through our healthy departments initiative we can share strategies for success and learn from failures. We should lead in strengthening our universities' and colleges' international initiatives, while making Geography exciting and relevant to all public school students.


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No Giro d'Italia for the Schleck brothers
By Cycling News published 19 November 11
RadioShack-Nissan riders to concentrate again on Tour de France
Frank Schleck answers some questions about the Tour before the race. (Image credit: Elmar Krings)
The Schleck brothers will not ride the Giro d'Italia in 2012 but will continue to concentrate on the Tour de France. Fränk Schleck called the Tour "the number one goal," but said the World Championships in Valkenburg also interest them, especially Andy.
Schleck brothers anticipate 2012 Tour de France with evolving team
Video: Frank Schleck, Tour de France is still biggest ambition
Video: Bruyneel on Tour de France route and the Schlecks
Merckx: Andy Schleck should race Giro d'Italia
Schlecks confirmed for Mallorca Challenge
Andy Schleck may receive one-month driving ban
In an interview with velochrono.fr, Fränk Schleck said that he and his brother "will not do the Giro. What matters is the Tour. We love the Tour. We have already had very, very good results in the Tour. It's a race that makes us dream. This is the number one goal."
The brothers stood on the second and third steps of the podium, missing out on the victory which went to Cadel Evans. But, Schleck said, "We can't be disappointed. We could not have done better. We end the year with a lot of points, without having the Giro."
In 2012 the Schlecks will have strong riders as Andreas Klöden and Chris Horner on the RadioShack-Nissan team. As to who will support who in the Tour, he said that, "Yes, on paper there is hierarchy. But once we are at the race, it can evolve. The hierarchy can be thrown out if they have a chance to win the Tour de France.
"The goal is to win the Tour de France," he emphasised. "This is important."
The exact plans for the Tour preparation have not yet been made. One option, proposed by Andy, is more altitude training, but Fränk sees problems with that. "The problem is that we race a lot ... If we do a training at altitude, we must remove some races from our program, such as the Tour of the Basque Country.
"In that case, we would not be ready for the classics. In addition, for this to be beneficial, the internship should last three to four weeks."
Fränk Schleck was very much looking forward to being guided by Johan Bruyneel. "Johan is an extraordinary person. He's a real leader who can lead a team. He wil bring us a lot, especially in the time trial...."
Time trialling is the brothers' weakness, but are working on it. "We work on fitness indoors for stronger back muscles and thighs that you need in a time trial.We will also do wind tunnel tests and work on a velodrome with Trek. To win the Tour, it is essential to progress in this area, although we will never be specialists like Fabian Cancellara."
The other goal this coming year is the World Championships "at which with Andy we could be competitive. This will be one of the goals of the season."


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Alconbury Weston – wieś w Anglii, w hrabstwie Cambridgeshire, w dystrykcie Huntingdonshire. Leży 33 km na północny zachód od miasta Cambridge i 96 km na północ od Londynu.

Przypisy

Wsie w hrabstwie Cambridgeshire


Holiday seasons bring joy, fun and memorable times to most families. To other, this time is full of stressful days only because they cannot handle the pressure that comes with planning the various parties. Kimberly Bakker has a few tips that will help you organize amazing parties with little efforts from your side.
Kimberly has been a private event planner in San Francisco for quite some time now, which has helped her gain more than enough experience. People speak about her parties for months.
Once you are done with the list, the next step is to know how much you are willing to spend on the party. This will help you eliminate some of the unnecessary items on the list. Kimberly Bakker advises that you should try to plan a party that is well within your reach. In short, do not overspend.
After knowing what kind of party you want, you can then start making the necessary preparations. Start with the inviting your guest, then decorations, then food preparations. Many people tend to spend too much time on one item, which causes them to rush through other duties and end up exhausted. Kimberly Bakker as a planner likes to start a move on things as soon as possible to avoid the last minute rush. See Related Link for more information.