マニュアルトランスミッションを発明したのは誰ですか？
French inventors Louis-Rene Panhard and Emile Levassor are credited with the development of the first modern manual transmission. They demonstrated their three-speed transmission in 1894 and the basic design is still the starting point for most contemporary manual transmissions. This type of transmission offered multiple gear ratios and, in most cases, reverse. The gears were typically engaged by sliding them on their shafts (hence the phrase "shifting gears"), which required careful timing and throttle manipulation when shifting, so the gears would be spinning at roughly the same speed when engaged; otherwise, the teeth would refuse to mesh. These transmissions are called "sliding mesh" transmissions or sometimes crash boxes, because of the difficulty in changing gears and the loud grinding sound that often accompanied. Newer manual transmissions on 4+-wheeled vehicles have all gears mesh at all times and are referred to as "constant-mesh" transmissions, with "synchro-mesh" being a further refinement of the constant mesh principle.
Louis-Rene Panhard and Emile Levassor