От какого слова происходит термин "cапонины"?
Saponins have historically been understood to be plant-derived, but they have also been isolated from marine organisms such as sea cucumber. Saponins are indeed found in many plants, and derive their name from the soapwort plant (genus "Saponaria", family Caryophyllaceae), the root of which was used historically as a soap. Saponins are also found in the botanical family Sapindaceae, with its defining genus "Sapindus" (soapberry or soapnut), and in the closely related families Aceraceae (maples) and Hippocastanaceae (horse chestnuts). It is also found heavily in "Gynostemma pentaphyllum" ("Gynostemma", Cucurbitaceae) in a form called gypenosides, and ginseng or red ginseng ("Panax", Araliaceae) in a form called ginsenosides. Saponins are also found in the unripe fruit of Manilkara zapota (also known as sapodillas), resulting in highly astringent properties. Within these families, this class of chemical compounds is found in various parts of the plant: leaves, stems, roots, bulbs, blossom and fruit. Commercial formulations of plant-derived saponins, e.g., from the soap bark (or soapbark) tree, "Quillaja saponaria", and those from other sources are available via controlled manufacturing processes, which make them of use as chemical and biomedical reagents.
"Saponaria"