text:
brace

Etymology
From, from , from , the nominative and accusative plural of.

Noun

 * 1)  Armor for the arm; vambrace.
 * 2)  A measurement of length, originally representing a person's outstretched arms.
 * 3) A curved instrument or handle of iron or wood, for holding and turning bits, etc.; a bitstock.
 * 4) That which holds anything tightly or supports it firmly; a bandage or a prop.
 * 5) A cord, ligament, or rod, for producing or maintaining tension.
 * 6) A thong used to regulate the tension of a drum.
 * 7) The state of being braced or tight; tension.
 * 8) Harness; warlike preparation.
 * 9)  A curved, pointed line, also known as "curly bracket": { or } connecting two or more words or lines, which are to be considered together, such as in {role, roll}; in music, used to connect staves.
 * 10)  A pair, a couple; originally used of dogs, and later of animals generally (e.g., a brace of conies) and then other things, but rarely human persons.
 * 11) A piece of material used to transmit, or change the direction of, weight or pressure; any one of the pieces, in a frame or truss, which divide the structure into triangular parts. It may act as a tie, or as a strut, and serves to prevent distortion of the structure, and transverse strains in its members. A boiler brace is a diagonal stay, connecting the head with the shell.
 * 12)  A rope reeved through a block at the end of a yard, by which the yard is moved horizontally; also, a rudder gudgeon.
 * 13)  The mouth of a shaft.
 * 14)  Straps or bands to sustain trousers; suspenders.
 * 15)  A system of wires, brackets, and elastic bands used to correct crooked teeth or to reduce overbite.
 * 16)  Two goals scored by one player in a game.
 * 1) A piece of material used to transmit, or change the direction of, weight or pressure; any one of the pieces, in a frame or truss, which divide the structure into triangular parts. It may act as a tie, or as a strut, and serves to prevent distortion of the structure, and transverse strains in its members. A boiler brace is a diagonal stay, connecting the head with the shell.
 * 2)  A rope reeved through a block at the end of a yard, by which the yard is moved horizontally; also, a rudder gudgeon.
 * 3)  The mouth of a shaft.
 * 4)  Straps or bands to sustain trousers; suspenders.
 * 5)  A system of wires, brackets, and elastic bands used to correct crooked teeth or to reduce overbite.
 * 6)  Two goals scored by one player in a game.
 * 1)  Straps or bands to sustain trousers; suspenders.
 * 2)  A system of wires, brackets, and elastic bands used to correct crooked teeth or to reduce overbite.
 * 3)  Two goals scored by one player in a game.

Synonyms

 * , ; see also Thesaurus:duo
 * , ; see also Thesaurus:duo

Translations

 * Catalan: braça
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:, Armspanne
 * Italian:
 * Maori: whanganga
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Finnish:
 * German:, , , , , , , ,
 * Italian:
 * Maori: tauteka
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Ukrainian: скоба

 * Bulgarian: обтяжка
 * Finnish: kiristin
 * German:, Spannband, , Federzug, Spanngummi, Spannzwinge, Zugstab,
 * Italian:, ,
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: ,

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Maori: tōpū
 * Scottish Gaelic: caigeann
 * Spanish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: vinotuki, ,
 * French:
 * German:, , , , , , Verstrebung, Kopfband, Tragband, ,
 * Maori: tauhōkai, tauteka, hōngai, hōkai, kaumahaki
 * Russian:, , упо́рка

 * Finnish: ,
 * German:
 * Hebrew:
 * Russian:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: olkaimet,
 * German:
 * Italian:
 * Maori: perehi
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

 * Finnish: kaksi maalia,
 * French:
 * German:, Doppelschlag,
 * Indonesian: dwigol
 * Italian:
 * Spanish:

Verb

 * 1)  To prepare for something bad, such as an impact or blow.
 * 2) To place in a position for resisting pressure; to hold firmly.
 * 3)  To swing round the yards of a square rigged ship, using braces, to present a more efficient sail surface to the direction of the wind.
 * 4) To stop someone for questioning, usually said of police.
 * 5) To confront with questions, demands or requests.
 * 6) To furnish with braces; to support; to prop.
 * 7) To draw tight; to tighten; to put in a state of tension; to strain; to strengthen.
 * 8) To bind or tie closely; to fasten tightly.
 * 1)  To swing round the yards of a square rigged ship, using braces, to present a more efficient sail surface to the direction of the wind.
 * 2) To stop someone for questioning, usually said of police.
 * 3) To confront with questions, demands or requests.
 * 4) To furnish with braces; to support; to prop.
 * 5) To draw tight; to tighten; to put in a state of tension; to strain; to strengthen.
 * 6) To bind or tie closely; to fasten tightly.
 * 1) To furnish with braces; to support; to prop.
 * 2) To draw tight; to tighten; to put in a state of tension; to strain; to strengthen.
 * 3) To bind or tie closely; to fasten tightly.
 * 1) To bind or tie closely; to fasten tightly.
 * 1) To bind or tie closely; to fasten tightly.
 * 1) To bind or tie closely; to fasten tightly.

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:strengthen

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Czech: posílit se,
 * Dutch:, schrap zetten
 * Finnish: valmistautua törmäykseen
 * French:
 * German: gefasst machen, ,
 * Italian:, tenersi forte
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: stålsette,
 * Nynorsk: stålsetja, herda
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:

 * Czech: opřít se, držet se
 * German:, entgegenstemmen
 * Spanish:

 * Finnish: prassata,
 * French:
 * German:

 * Bulgarian:
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Maori: whakatete, tauteka

 * Bulgarian:
 * German:

 * Bulgarian:
 * German:
 * Spanish:

Etymology
Perhaps from, from ,. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Most probably cognate to 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  embers

Etymology 1
From, from , plural of.

Noun

 * 1) Vambrace; armour which protects the arm.
 * 2) A cord or brace for fastening or attaching things to something.
 * 3) A group or set of two dogs or canines.
 * 4) Wood used as a buttress or support for building.
 * 5)  A support or buttress used in other applications.
 * 6)  A kind of riding equipment or horse tack.
 * 7)  A peninsula; a cape or slice of land jutting into the sea.
 * 8)  A perch unit of measure
 * 9)  A point of a cross or rood.

Etymology
From, , originally the plural of.

Noun

 * 1) arm limb

Etymology
, plural of.

Noun

 * 1)  underwear, undergarments, drawers, unmentionables

title: brace


text:
braise

Etymology 1
From and  (“to braise”, from the noun), from, from Old Low Franconian/; akin to 🇨🇬/🇨🇬, Norwegian/Swedish dialectal , Danish dialectal. Perhaps from, from ,. Cognate with 🇨🇬. See burst.

Noun

 * 1) A dish (usually meat) prepared by braising.
 * 2) A sauce used for braising.
 * 1) A sauce used for braising.
 * 1) A sauce used for braising.

Verb

 * 1)  To cook in a small amount of liquid, in a covered pan, somewhere between steaming and boiling.
 * 2)  joining non-ferrous metal using a molten filler metal

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, , ,
 * Czech:, podusit
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: breseerata
 * French:
 * Galician: estufar, guisar
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic: brasa
 * Isan:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, ブレイズ
 * Korean:
 * Ladino:
 * Roman: enhaminar
 * Lao:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Thai:

Noun

 * , syn. (sea bream)

Etymology
, from, perhaps from , from ,. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  embers
 * 2)  cash, dough
 * 1)  cash, dough

Noun

 * 1) brashness, flippancy

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: braise


text:
breach

Etymology
From, from and , from , from  and.

Noun

 * 1) A gap or opening made by breaking or battering, as in a wall, fortification or levee / embankment; the space between the parts of a solid body rent by violence
 * 2) The act of breaking, in a figurative sense.
 * 3)  A breaking or infraction of a law, or of any obligation or tie; violation; non-fulfillment.
 * 4) A breaking up of amicable relations, a falling out.
 * 5)  A difference in opinions, social class, etc.
 * 6) A breaking of waters, as over a vessel or a coastal defence; the waters themselves
 * 7) A breaking out upon; an assault.
 * 8)  A bruise; a wound.
 * 9)  A hernia; a rupture.
 * 1)  A difference in opinions, social class, etc.
 * 2) A breaking of waters, as over a vessel or a coastal defence; the waters themselves
 * 3) A breaking out upon; an assault.
 * 4)  A bruise; a wound.
 * 5)  A hernia; a rupture.
 * 1) A breaking out upon; an assault.
 * 2)  A bruise; a wound.
 * 3)  A hernia; a rupture.
 * 1) A breaking out upon; an assault.
 * 2)  A bruise; a wound.
 * 3)  A hernia; a rupture.
 * 1)  A hernia; a rupture.
 * 1)  A hernia; a rupture.
 * 1)  A hernia; a rupture.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: breĉo
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian:, , , ,
 * Ido:
 * Irish:, bearna bhaoil
 * Italian:
 * Malayalam: ,
 * Maori: mokotawhā
 * Ottoman Turkish: فرج
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: bosluk
 * Walloon:, ,

 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Maori: wāhanga, wāwāhinga
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: briseadh
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish: kirmak
 * Walloon: sketaedje

 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech: porušení
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Hungarian:, , , ,
 * Indonesian: wanprestasi
 * Italian: ,
 * Maori: takahitanga, takahanga
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: overtredelse
 * Occitan:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: briseadh
 * Spanish: ,
 * Tagalog: talusira, pagtatalusira
 * Turkish: kanun disi is yapmak

 * Bulgarian: скъсване на отношения
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:, , , ,
 * Occitan:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: разры́в отноше́ний
 * Scottish Gaelic: briseadh
 * Spanish:

 * Bulgarian: разбиване на вълни,
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * German: Brechen
 * Hungarian:
 * Maori: puapua, tūātea
 * Spanish:

 * Finnish:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish: Saldiri

 * Ido:
 * Italian:
 * Korean:
 * Spanish:

Verb

 * 1)  To make a breach in.
 * They breached the outer wall, but not the main one.
 * 1)  To violate or break.
 * 2)  To break into a ship or into a coastal defence.
 * 3)  To leap out of the water.
 * 4)  To charge or convict (someone) of breaching the terms of a bail, probation, recognizance, etc.
 * 1)  To leap out of the water.
 * 2)  To charge or convict (someone) of breaching the terms of a bail, probation, recognizance, etc.
 * 1)  To charge or convict (someone) of breaching the terms of a bail, probation, recognizance, etc.
 * 1)  To charge or convict (someone) of breaching the terms of a bail, probation, recognizance, etc.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Esperanto: breĉi
 * Finnish: ,
 * Hungarian:, , , rést üt,
 * Ido:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Maori: takahi
 * Polish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:

 * Finnish:
 * Hungarian:, ,

title: breach


text:
breaker

Etymology 1
From, , equivalent to. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) Something that breaks.
 * 2) A machine for breaking rocks, or for breaking coal at the mines.
 * 3) The building in which such a machine is placed.
 * 4) A person who specializes in breaking things.
 * 5)  A wave breaking into foam against the shore, or against a sandbank, or a rock or reef near the surface, considered a useful warning to ships of an underwater hazard
 * 6)   A breakdancer.
 * 7)  A user of CB radio.
 * 8) A horsebreaker.
 * 9) * 1831-1850,, On the Structure and the Diseases of the Horse
 * A hasty and passionate breaker will often make a really goodtempered young horse an inveterate gibber
 * 1) A horsebreaker.
 * 2) * 1831-1850,, On the Structure and the Diseases of the Horse
 * A hasty and passionate breaker will often make a really goodtempered young horse an inveterate gibber
 * 1) A horsebreaker.
 * 2) * 1831-1850,, On the Structure and the Diseases of the Horse
 * A hasty and passionate breaker will often make a really goodtempered young horse an inveterate gibber
 * A hasty and passionate breaker will often make a really goodtempered young horse an inveterate gibber

Synonyms

 * , B-girl, breakdancer
 * , B-girl, breakdancer
 * , B-girl, breakdancer
 * , B-girl, breakdancer
 * , B-girl, breakdancer

Translations

 * Finnish:, murskain
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: θραύστης
 * Japanese: 破壊者
 * Marathi: तोडणारा, तोडणारे, तोडणारी
 * Polish: coś, co łamie
 * Russian:
 * Sanskrit:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: murskain
 * French:
 * German:
 * Japanese: 破砕機
 * Marathi: भंजक
 * Polish: maszyna łamiąca kamienie
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:

 * Bulgarian: буренце

 * Bulgarian: разбиваща се вълна
 * Danish: styrtsø
 * Faroese: brotasjógvur
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ῥόθιον, ῥηγμῑ́ν
 * Icelandic:
 * Irish: maidhm, maidhm thoinne
 * Italian:
 * Maori: puhitai, tūātea
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: brottsjø, styrtsjø
 * Nynorsk: brottsjø, styrtsjø
 * Polish: grzywacz,
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: bodha, garbh-thonn, stuagh, bàirlinn
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: прибій,
 * Welsh: moryn, beiston

Etymology 2
Probably from. .

Noun

 * 1) A small cask of liquid kept permanently in a ship's boat in case of shipwreck.

Noun

 * 1) circuit breaker

Verb

 * 1)  to break (win a game when receiving)

Noun

 * 1) ; circuit breaker

title: breaker


text:
bream

Etymology 1
From, from , , , (whence 🇨🇬), from ,  (whence 🇨🇬), from  (whence 🇨🇬, , ,  (whence 🇨🇬, )), from , , , perhaps from , from  (see ).

Pronunciation

Noun

 * 1) A European fresh-water cyprinoid fish of the genus, little valued as food. Several species are known.
 * 2)  A species in that genus,.
 * 3) An American fresh-water fish, of various species of  and allied genera, which are also called sunfishes and pondfishes.
 * 4) A marine sparoid fish of the genus, and allied genera.
 * 1) A marine sparoid fish of the genus, and allied genera.

Translations

 * Arabic: أَبْرَامِيس
 * Azerbaijani: çapaq
 * Belarusian: лешч, леш
 * Bulgarian: платика
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: ;
 * Hungarian:
 * Ingrian: lahna
 * Italian: breme, abramide comune
 * Latin: sparulus
 * Latvian: plaudis
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: brema
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian: ,
 * Spanish: brema, besugo
 * Swedish:
 * Walloon:

 * Arabic: سَمَك البْرِيم
 * Azerbaijani: çapaq
 * Basque: platuxa
 * Breton: brem, aoured
 * Bulgarian: платика
 * Catalan:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: bramo
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German: ;, ;  , Brachsme, Brachsmen, Bresen
 * Hungarian:
 * Ido:
 * Italian: abramide, abramide comune, breme
 * Japanese:
 * Latin: sparulus
 * Lithuanian: karšis
 * Mongolian: зоодой загас
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: brasme
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: brema-do-mar
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Sicilian: aràta, ruràta, zuràta
 * Slovene: ploščič
 * Spanish: brema, plática
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: töp
 * Walloon:, bråmete
 * Welsh: merfog

 * Manchu: ᡶᠠᠯᡠ
 * Russian: чёрный лещ

 * Portuguese: mudfish

 * Bulgarian: спарид
 * Finnish: pagelli
 * French:
 * Greek:
 * Portuguese: esparídeo

Etymology 2
Compare, and 🇨🇬 (as in ).

Verb

 * 1)  To clean (e.g. a ship's bottom of clinging shells, seaweed, etc.) by the application of fire and scraping.

title: bream


text:
breech

Etymology
From, from , from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. .

Pronunciation

Noun

 * 1)  A garment whose purpose is to cover or clothe the buttocks.
 * 2)  The buttocks or backside.
 * 3)  The part of a cannon or other firearm behind the chamber.
 * 4)  The external angle of knee timber, the inside of which is called the throat.
 * 5)  A breech birth.
 * 1)  The part of a cannon or other firearm behind the chamber.
 * 2)  The external angle of knee timber, the inside of which is called the throat.
 * 3)  A breech birth.
 * 1)  The part of a cannon or other firearm behind the chamber.
 * 2)  The external angle of knee timber, the inside of which is called the throat.
 * 3)  A breech birth.
 * 1)  A breech birth.

Translations

 * Czech:, golfky, tříčtvrteční kalhoty
 * Finnish: lannevaate
 * French:
 * German:

 * German: ,

 * Catalan: culata
 * Chinese:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * German: Schwanzschraube
 * Italian: culatta
 * Russian:, казённая часть
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: bakstycke
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen:

 * Czech: porod koncem pánevním
 * German:
 * Spanish: parto de nalgas

Adverb

 * 1)  With the hips coming out before the head.

Adjective

 * 1)  Born, or having been born, breech.

Translations

 * Tagalog: suhi

Verb

 * 1)  To dress in breeches.  To dress a boy in breeches or trousers for the first time (the breeching ceremony).
 * 2) * 1748-1832, Jeremy Bentham, The Works of Jeremy Bentham, Volume 10:
 * it occurred before I was breeched, and I was breeched at three years and a quarter old;
 * 1)  To beat or spank on the buttocks.
 * 2)  To fit or furnish with a breech.
 * 3)  To fasten with breeching.
 * 4)  To cover as if with breeches.
 * 1)  To fasten with breeching.
 * 2)  To cover as if with breeches.

Translations

 * German: Hosen tragen

title: breech


text:
bridal

Etymology
From, from. The attributive usage was strengthened by association with.

Noun

 * 1)  A wedding feast or festival; a wedding.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Hebrew:
 * Romanian:

Adjective

 * 1) Of or pertaining to a bride, or to wedding; nuptial.

Translations

 * Armenian: ,
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan: nupcial
 * Finnish:, hää-
 * German: bräutlich,, Braut-, Hochzeit-
 * Marathi:

title: bridal


text:
brink

Etymology
From, , from , , from , , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, regional 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬; also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) The edge, margin, or border of a steep place, as of a precipice; a bank or edge.
 * 2)  The edge or border.
 * 1)  The edge or border.

Translations

 * Armenian: ,
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Czech:, ,
 * Danish: kant,
 * Dutch:, steile rand
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Ingrian: parras
 * Irish: broinne, colbha
 * Italian:, ,
 * Maori: ripa tauārai
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: oir
 * Slovak: pokraj,, okraj, hranica
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

Etymology
From, from , from.

Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * , functioning as a central square
 * 1) edge or margin of a field
 * 2) edge or margin of a hill
 * 3) grassy edge or margin of a strip of land

title: brink


text:
brisk

Etymology

 * probably a collateral form of, but compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) Full of liveliness and activity; characterized by quickness of motion or action.
 * 2) Full of spirit of life; effervescing.
 * 3)  Sparkling; fizzy.
 * 4) Stimulating or invigorating.
 * 5) Abrupt, curt in one's manner or in relation to others.
 * 1) Full of spirit of life; effervescing.
 * 2)  Sparkling; fizzy.
 * 3) Stimulating or invigorating.
 * 4) Abrupt, curt in one's manner or in relation to others.
 * 1) Abrupt, curt in one's manner or in relation to others.
 * 1) Abrupt, curt in one's manner or in relation to others.
 * 1) Abrupt, curt in one's manner or in relation to others.

Translations

 * Arabic: دَجِر
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Czech: ,
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, , , riuska
 * French:
 * German:, ,
 * Hindi:
 * Italian:
 * Korean: 활기 있는
 * Latin: alacer, strēnuus
 * Latvian: žirgts, spirgts, ņiprs, možs, mundrs, kustīgs
 * Maori: haukori, hihiko, manahau
 * Marathi: चपळ, चलाख, द्रुत
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:

 * Arabic: دَجِر
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:, ,
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: viveca
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Latin: vivax
 * Maori: hīkaka, whitawhita
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,

 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech: svěží
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish: vigorizante

 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

 * Ido:

Verb

 * 1)  To make or become lively; to enliven; to animate.

Etymology
From, from , diminutive of.

Noun

 * 1) razor, penknife

Etymology 1
Possibly onomatopoetic of the sound made when put on fire.

Noun

 * 1) juniper

Etymology 2
From, ,.

Noun

 * 1) a wall-bound sleeping bench

title: brisk


text:
brutalization

Noun

 * 1)  The act or process of making brutal
 * 2) An instance of being brutalized.

title: brutalization


text:
brute

Etymology 1
From, from , from , an loanword, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬).

Adjective

 * 1) Without reason or intelligence (of animals).
 * 2) Characteristic of unthinking animals; senseless, unreasoning (of humans).
 * 3) Unconnected with intelligence or thought; purely material, senseless.
 * 4) Crude, unpolished.
 * 5) Strong, blunt, and spontaneous.
 * 6) Brutal; cruel; fierce; ferocious; savage; pitiless.
 * 1) Crude, unpolished.
 * 2) Strong, blunt, and spontaneous.
 * 3) Brutal; cruel; fierce; ferocious; savage; pitiless.
 * 1) Brutal; cruel; fierce; ferocious; savage; pitiless.
 * 1) Brutal; cruel; fierce; ferocious; savage; pitiless.

Derived terms

 * brute fact
 * brute strength

Translations

 * Finnish: ,
 * German: ,
 * Irish: brúidiúil

 * Finnish:
 * German:, ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: brúidiúil
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian: бе́смислен
 * Polish: bezrozumny
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

 * Finnish:
 * Polish: bezrozumny

 * Finnish:, jalostumaton
 * German:, ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian: груб
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

 * Finnish:

 * Finnish:
 * Irish: brúidiúil

Noun

 * 1)  An animal seen as being without human reason; a senseless beast.
 * 2) A person with the characteristics of an unthinking animal; a coarse or brutal person.
 * 3)  A kind of powerful spotlight.
 * 4)  One who has not yet matriculated.
 * 1) A person with the characteristics of an unthinking animal; a coarse or brutal person.
 * 2)  A kind of powerful spotlight.
 * 3)  One who has not yet matriculated.
 * 1)  A kind of powerful spotlight.
 * 2)  One who has not yet matriculated.
 * 1)  One who has not yet matriculated.
 * 1)  One who has not yet matriculated.

Translations

 * Armenian:, ,
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Danish: udyr,
 * Finnish: ,
 * German:
 * Greek:, ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Ido:
 * Irish:
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian:
 * Maori: nauwhea
 * Ottoman Turkish: حیوان
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: beathach,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

 * Armenian: ,
 * Czech:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician: bruto,, besta brava
 * German:, , ,
 * Greek:, ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Ido:
 * Irish: brúid,
 * Old Irish: brúit
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Macedonian: скот, ѕвер
 * Maori: nau(w)hea
 * Norwegian: bølle
 * Ottoman Turkish: حیوان
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: brùid
 * Slovene: grobijan, brdavs
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili: nunda
 * Swedish:, ,
 * Yiddish: עשׂו, אַכזר, חזיר־שלעגער, שלעגער

Verb

 * 1)  To shape (diamonds) by grinding them against each other.

Noun

 * 1) brute animal lacking in reason, intelligence and sensibility
 * 2) person without reason, person devoid of reason
 * 3) bully one who imposes his will on others using violence

title: brute


text:
buzz

Etymology
From, of onomatopoeic origin. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,.

Noun

 * 1) A continuous humming noise, as of bees; a confused murmur, as of general conversation in low tones.
 * 2) A whisper.
 * 3) The audible friction of voiced consonants.
 * 4)  A rush or feeling of energy or excitement; a feeling of slight intoxication.
 * Still feeling the buzz from the coffee, he pushed through the last of the homework.
 * 1)  A telephone call or e-mail.
 * 2)  Major topic of conversation; widespread rumor; information spread behind the scenes.
 * 3) * 2011 , "Pilot" (season 1, episode 1):
 * Allen Gregory DeLongpre: Who's he?
 * Patrick: He's only the most popular kid in school.
 * Allen Gregory: Ah, the two heavyweights finally meet. Sure you're tired of all the buzz. Allen Gregory DeLongpre.
 * Joel Zadak: Joel...Zadak!
 * 1) * 2011 , "Pilot" (season 1, episode 1):
 * Allen Gregory DeLongpre: Who's he?
 * Patrick: He's only the most popular kid in school.
 * Allen Gregory: Ah, the two heavyweights finally meet. Sure you're tired of all the buzz. Allen Gregory DeLongpre.
 * Joel Zadak: Joel...Zadak!

Translations

 * Albanian:, ,
 * Bulgarian: бръмчене,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish: surina, , ,
 * German:, , ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient Greek: ζίγγος
 * Hebrew: זמזום
 * Italian:, , , ,
 * Japanese: ブーン
 * Latgalian: sons, saniešona
 * Latvian: sanoņa
 * Macedonian: брмчење, зуење
 * Malay: dengung
 * Maori: rangorango
 * Ottoman Turkish: زر, طنطنه
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: buhag
 * Turkish:, , , ,
 * Vietnamese: vo vo ,
 * Walloon:, zûnmint

 * German: Surren,
 * Turkish:, ,

 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish: ;
 * German:, , Taumel ,
 * Italian: ,
 * Polish:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:, , ,

 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: kilautus, pirautus
 * French:
 * German:
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: telefon konuşması
 * Walloon:

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Finnish: ;
 * German: Gemunkel, ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Italian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:
 * Walloon:

 * German:, ,

Verb

 * 1)  To make a low, continuous, humming or sibilant sound, like that made by bees with their wings.
 * 2)  To utter a murmuring sound; to speak with a low, humming voice.
 * 3) Of a group of people, to talk about some interesting topic excitedly.
 * 4)  To fly while making such a sound.
 * A fly was buzzing past me.
 * 1)  To show a high level of activity and haste, energization or excitement, to be busy as a bee in one’s actions but perhaps mentally charged.
 * 2)  To whisper; to communicate, as tales, in an undertone; to spread, as a report, by whispers or secretly.
 * 3)  To talk to incessantly or confidentially in a low humming voice.
 * 4)  To fly at high speed and at a very low altitude over a specified area, as to make a surprise pass.
 * 5)  To cut the hair in a close-cropped military style, or buzzcut.
 * 6)  To drink to the bottom.
 * 7)  To communicate with (a person) by means of a buzzer.
 * 1)  To talk to incessantly or confidentially in a low humming voice.
 * 2)  To fly at high speed and at a very low altitude over a specified area, as to make a surprise pass.
 * 3)  To cut the hair in a close-cropped military style, or buzzcut.
 * 4)  To drink to the bottom.
 * 5)  To communicate with (a person) by means of a buzzer.
 * 1)  To drink to the bottom.
 * 2)  To communicate with (a person) by means of a buzzer.
 * 1)  To communicate with (a person) by means of a buzzer.
 * 1)  To communicate with (a person) by means of a buzzer.

Translations

 * Albanian:, gumëzhij
 * Arabic: طَنَّ
 * Bulgarian:, жужа
 * Catalan: ,
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish:,  ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Gallo: brunder
 * German:, ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Ingrian: pörissä
 * Latin: bombiō
 * Macedonian: брмчи, зуи
 * Maori: wheo, wheowheo, hohō, rangorango, tamumu, tara, rorohū
 * Norman: bourdonner
 * Polish:, , , bąkać , bąknąć
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Sanskrit:
 * Slovak: bzučať
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Swedish: ,
 * Turkish:, , ,
 * Ukrainian: гуді́ти, дзижча́ти

 * Finnish:, , säpistä
 * German:, ,

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: kuiskia, kuiskuttaa,
 * German: ,
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish: ,

 * Finnish: supista,
 * German:, ,
 * Turkish:

 * Finnish: rynnäköidä
 * French:
 * German: ,
 * Russian: лете́ть на бре́ющем полёте
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:, vız geçmek

 * Finnish: ajaa siiliksi
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:

 * Finnish:, juoda pohjaan
 * German:, ,

 * German: anpiepsen

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  excitement

title: buzz


text:
cadge

Etymology
Possibly a corruption of, from.

Noun

 * 1)  A circular frame on which cadgers carry hawks for sale.

Verb

 * 1)  To beg.
 * 2)  To obtain something by wit or guile; to convince people to do something they might not normally do.
 * 3) * 1960,, “Food, Glorious Food,” song from the musical
 * There’s not a crust, not a crumb can we find,
 * can we beg, can we borrow, or cadge
 * 1) To carry hawks and other birds of prey.
 * 2)  To carry, as a burden.
 * 3)  To hawk or peddle, as fish, poultry, etc.
 * can we beg, can we borrow, or cadge
 * 1) To carry hawks and other birds of prey.
 * 2)  To carry, as a burden.
 * 3)  To hawk or peddle, as fish, poultry, etc.
 * 1)  To hawk or peddle, as fish, poultry, etc.
 * 1)  To hawk or peddle, as fish, poultry, etc.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Maori: pati, whakapati, pīnono, kaimātai

 * Hungarian: ,
 * Maori: rutu, pīnono, pīnene
 * Polish: wycyganiać,, wykusić, ,
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:, , ,

 * Bulgarian:

title: cadge


text:
calcification

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) The process of change into a stony or calcareous substance by the deposition of lime salt; -- normally, as in the formation of bone and of teeth; abnormally, as in calcareous degeneration of tissue.

Translations

 * Arabic: تَكَلُّس
 * Bulgarian: калциране,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: zvápenatění,
 * Finnish:
 * Galician:
 * Greek:
 * Italian: calcificazione
 * Swedish: förkalkning

title: calcification


text:
calculation

Etymology
From, borrowed from. Morphologically

Noun

 * 1)  The act or process of calculating.
 * 2)  The result of calculating.
 * 3)  Reckoning, estimate.
 * By my calculation, we should be there by midnight.
 * 1)  An expectation based on circumstances.
 * 2)  The act or process of imagining sequences of potential moves and responses without actually moving the pieces.
 * 1)  An expectation based on circumstances.
 * 2)  The act or process of imagining sequences of potential moves and responses without actually moving the pieces.

Synonyms

 * ,, ; see also Thesaurus:calculation

Translations

 * Afrikaans: berekening
 * Arabic: حَسْب, مُحَاسَبَة
 * Armenian:, ,
 * Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܚܲܫܒܲܢܬܵܐ, ܚܘܼܫܒܵܢܵܐ
 * Azerbaijani: hesablama
 * Belarusian: вылічэ́нне, разраху́нак, разлі́к
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:, propočet, kalkulace
 * Danish: beregning, udregning, kalkulation
 * Esperanto: kalkulado
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French:
 * Galician: cálculo
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: συλλογισμός
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:
 * Ido:
 * Irish: ríomh
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: есептеу, есеп
 * Khmer:
 * Korean:
 * Kyrgyz: ,
 * Latin: calculātiō
 * Macedonian: пресметка, калкулација
 * Maltese: ħsieb, taħsib, kalkolu
 * Maori: tātaitanga
 * Middle English: calculation
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: beregning
 * Ottoman Turkish: حساب, صان
 * Pashto: محاسبه
 * Persian:
 * Polish:, obrachunek,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:, ,
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Sanskrit:
 * Scottish Gaelic: tomhas
 * Slovak: výpočet, prepočet, kalkulácia
 * Somali: xisaab
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog: taya, pagtaya, asok
 * Tajik: муҳосиба
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: hasaplama, rasçýot
 * Ukrainian: обчи́слення, ви́рахування, ви́лічення, обчи́слювання, обчисля́ння,
 * Uzbek:

 * Armenian:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: kalkule
 * Farefare: kɛkrɛ
 * Finnish: ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Ido:
 * Irish: suim
 * Italian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: beregning
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: taya
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:, обчи́слення

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Danish: berebning
 * Esperanto: kalkulo
 * Finnish: ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Italian:
 * Maori: tātaitanga
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: beregning
 * Ottoman Turkish: حساب, صان
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: tomhas
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Turkish: ,
 * Ukrainian:

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * Polish:
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: tomhas
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:

title: calculation


text:
calibration

Noun

 * 1) The act of calibrating something.

Translations

 * Arabic: معايرة
 * Bulgarian: калибро́вка
 * Catalan: calibratge
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech: kalibrace
 * Danish: kalibrering
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German: Kalibrierung
 * Greek:, ,
 * Indonesian:, penaraan
 * Italian: calibrazione
 * Japanese:, キャリブレーション, ,
 * Macedonian: калибрација
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: kalibrering
 * Nynorsk: kalibrering
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: ,

title: calibration


text:
calibre

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) caliber /  (dimension)
 * 2) gauge (mathematics, physics)

Etymology 1
..

Noun

 * 1) calipers
 * 2) jig, gauge
 * 1) jig, gauge

title: calibre


text:
cancellation

Etymology
From, from +.

Noun

 * 1) The act, process, or result of cancelling; as, the cancellation of certain words in a contract, or of the contract itself.
 * 2)  The operation of striking out common factors, e.g. in both the dividend and divisor.
 * 3)  A postmark that marks a postage stamp so as to prevent its reuse.
 * 4)  In United States intellectual property law, a proceeding in which an interested party seeks to cancel the registration of a trademark or patent.
 * 5)  The property of being cancellate.
 * 6) * 194?, Columbia University. School of Dental and Oral Surgery, Principles of Radiodontia
 * Spongy bone is composed of cancellated areas appearing as a fine, interlacing network. These cancellated spaces are irregular both in size and shape. The normal cancellation is rather large
 * Spongy bone is composed of cancellated areas appearing as a fine, interlacing network. These cancellated spaces are irregular both in size and shape. The normal cancellation is rather large

Translations

 * Catalan: cancel·lació
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: ,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * French:, , ,
 * German:, , , , , Stornierung
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: ביטול
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:, , , , , ,
 * Japanese:, , ,
 * Korean:, , , 해제
 * Malayalam: റദ്ദാക്കൽ
 * Ottoman Turkish: ابطال
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, , invalidação,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish: cancelación,, ,
 * Swedish:, ;  , ,  ,
 * Tagalog: payi, pagpayi

title: cancellation


text:
canny

Etymology 1
Northern English dialect, from, from , first and third person singular of , from. Compare 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬. More at,.

Adjective

 * 1) Careful, prudent, cautious.
 * 2) * 1723-1737,, "Love Inviting Reason", in The Tea-Table Miscellany
 * O ! as thou art bonny, be prudent and canny, And think on thy Jamie wha dotes upon thee
 * 1) Knowing, shrewd, astute.
 * 2) Frugal, thrifty.
 * 3)  Friendly, pleasant, fair, agreeable;  funny.
 * 4)  Gentle, quiet, steady.
 * 1) Frugal, thrifty.
 * 2)  Friendly, pleasant, fair, agreeable;  funny.
 * 3)  Gentle, quiet, steady.
 * 1)  Friendly, pleasant, fair, agreeable;  funny.
 * 2)  Gentle, quiet, steady.
 * 1)  Friendly, pleasant, fair, agreeable;  funny.
 * 2)  Gentle, quiet, steady.
 * 1)  Gentle, quiet, steady.
 * 1)  Gentle, quiet, steady.
 * 1)  Gentle, quiet, steady.

Usage notes
In common modern usage, canny and are no longer antonyms, although they are not synonyms.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Maori: matawhāiti
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Czech:, mazaný
 * French: ,
 * German:, ,
 * Maori: ihumanea
 * Polish: ,
 * Romanian:, ,
 * Spanish:

Adverb

 * 1)  Very, considerably; quite, rather.
 * 2)  Gently, quietly; carefully, skilfully.
 * 1)  Gently, quietly; carefully, skilfully.
 * 1)  Gently, quietly; carefully, skilfully.
 * 1)  Gently, quietly; carefully, skilfully.

Derived terms

 * ca' canny

Translations

 * Dutch:
 * German:, ,

Adjective

 * 1)  Sounding as if it is coming through a tin can.
 * 2) * 1998 August 20, Kallel, Four speakers are a pain in the ass ;P, in :
 * The rear sounds sounded canny compared to the front ones. And you also have to adjust the volume so both pair of speakers are at the same level,

Alternative forms

 * cannie

Etymology
From the verb, from , first and third person singular of , from.

Adjective

 * 1) careful, cautious, prudent or steady
 * 2) comfortable, gentle or cozy
 * 3) attractive or pleasing
 * 4) skilful, safe to work or deal with
 * 5) fortunate, lucky
 * 6) frugal, sparing
 * 7)  with supernatural or occult powers

Adverb

 * 1) carefully, cautiously

Related terms

 * ca canny

title: canny


text:
canonization

Noun

 * 1)  The final process or decree (following beatification) by which the name of a deceased person is placed in the catalogue (canon) of saints and commended to perpetual veneration and invocation.
 * 2) The state of being canonized or sainted.
 * 3) Introduction into a canon of artistic or literary works.

Translations

 * Catalan: canonització
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Irish: naomhainmniú
 * Italian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:
 * Ukrainian: канонізація

 * French:
 * Greek:
 * Irish: naomhainmniú
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:
 * Tagalog: pagkakanonisa

title: canonization


text:
cape

Etymology 1
From, , , from , from. , and distantly with. For sense development, compare from a root related to.

Noun

 * 1)  A piece or point of land, extending beyond the adjacent coast into a sea or lake; a promontory; a headland.

Translations

 * Afrikaans:
 * Albanian: kepi
 * Arabic:
 * Egyptian Arabic: راس
 * Hijazi Arabic: راس
 * Armenian:
 * Bashkir: морон
 * Basque: lurmutur
 * Bau Bidayuh: tonyung
 * Belarusian: мыс
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Central Melanau: tajuong, tujoh
 * Chinese:
 * Hokkien: 海鼻
 * Mandarin:, , , 陆岬
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: kabo
 * Estonian: neem
 * Farefare: kaap
 * Faroese: oddi
 * Finnish:, niemeke
 * French:
 * Friulian: cjâf
 * Georgian: კონცხი
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἄκρον
 * Greenlandic: nuuk
 * Haitian Creole: kap
 * Hawaiian: lae
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: höfði, tangi,
 * Indonesian:
 * Ingrian: neemi, nenä
 * Iranun: tandu'
 * Irish: rinn, ceann tíre
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Kazakh: мүйіс
 * Korean: ,
 * Latin: promunturium, promontorium
 * Latvian: zemesrags
 * Lithuanian: kyšulys
 * Macedonian: 'рт, нос
 * Malagasy:
 * Malay:, tanah penganjur
 * Maltese:
 * Maori: kūrae
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: kapp
 * Nynorsk: kapp
 * Old Norse: tangi
 * Ottoman Turkish: بورون
 * Papiamentu: kaap
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: ceap
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: рт
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: mys
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: tangos,
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:
 * Vietnamese: (㙁),
 * Welsh:, pentir
 * West Coast Bajau: torong

Etymology 2
From, from , from. The second sense ("superhero") is metonymic from the fact that many superheroes wear capes. Likewise, the verb sense "defend, praise" alludes to the stereotypical depiction of superheroes wearing capes when they come to people's defense. (Compare .).

Noun

 * 1) A sleeveless garment or part of a garment, hanging from the neck over the back, arms, and shoulders.
 * 2)  A superhero.
 * 1)  A superhero.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Danish: kappe
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: mantelo
 * Estonian: peleriin
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: mantelo
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: clóca
 * Italian:, mantellina
 * Japanese: ケープ
 * Korean:
 * Latin:
 * Macedonian: наметка
 * Maori: tūpuni, katekate
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: cape
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: cleòc
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Turkish:
 * Walloon: ,
 * Welsh: cêp

Usage notes

 * Some authors distinguish capes from cloaks, especially by saying capes are shorter or sometimes that cloaks have hoods (cowls) or are of thicker material for dealing with cold or wet weather, but the terms are generally interchanged. For example, the traditional is thick for inclement weather and reaches to the calf, James Robinson Planché's 1879 Cyclopaedia of Costume or Dictionary of Dress includes some capes with hoods, and 's cape has a cowl today and, like 's and 's capes, typically reaches to the calf if not to the ground.

Verb

 * 1) To incite or attract (a bull) to charge a certain direction, by waving a cape.
 * 2)  To head or point; to keep a course.
 * The ship capes southwest by south.
 * 1) To skin an animal, particularly a deer.
 * 2)  To defend or praise, especially that which is unworthy.
 * 3) * 2017, Laila Nur, quoted in Jordan Green, "Far-right groups converge behind anti-sharia message in Raleigh", Triad City Beat, 14 June - 20 June 2017, page 9:
 * Many times, you see white supremacist groups caping for women to mask their agenda of white nationalism.
 * 1) * 2017, Mindy Isser [organizer], quoted by Aubrey Whelan [journalist] in "For Philly's socialists, election wins signal momentum", The Philadelphia Inquirer, 15 November 2017:
 * "I can't believe I'm out here caping for a politician."
 * 1)  To cover (as) with or like a cape.
 * "I can't believe I'm out here caping for a politician."
 * 1)  To cover (as) with or like a cape.
 * 1)  To cover (as) with or like a cape.
 * 1)  To cover (as) with or like a cape.

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) A.

Etymology
, from (compare the inherited doublet ; cf. also the Old Northern French variant ).

Etymology
From, from , from. Cognate with, ,.

Noun

 * 1) a

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) a

Noun

 * 1) seed

Noun

 * 1)  (sleeveless garment used by women)

title: cape


text:
caper

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) A playful leap or jump.
 * 2) A jump while dancing.
 * 3) A prank or practical joke.
 * 4)  Playful behaviour.
 * 5)  A crime, especially an elaborate heist, or a narrative about such a crime.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: ,
 * Dutch: kapriool
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Hungarian:, ugrabugrálás, ,
 * Italian:, saltellamento
 * Romanian:, , ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: glädjesprång, glädjeskutt

Verb

 * 1) To leap or jump about in a sprightly or playful manner.
 * 2) To jump as part of a dance.
 * 3) To engage in playful behaviour.
 * 1) To engage in playful behaviour.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: poskakovat, křepčit
 * Dutch: ,bokkesprong maken
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Hebrew: לקפץ
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Italian:
 * Maori: pōteketeke, pōtēteke
 * Romanian:, ,
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: підстрибувати, підскакувати

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1) A vessel formerly used by the Dutch; privateer.

Etymology 3
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) The pungent grayish green flower bud of the European and Oriental caper, which is pickled and eaten.
 * 2) A plant of the genus.
 * 1) A plant of the genus.

Translations

 * Arabic:, كَبَّار, قَبَّار, شَفَلَّح, لَصَف
 * Aramaic:
 * Classical Syriac: ܩܲܦܵܪ, ܟܲܦܵܪ, ܢܹܝܨܦܵܐ, ܦܲܪܚܵܐ
 * Catalan: tàpera
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 水瓜柳
 * Danish: kapers
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: kappar
 * Finnish:, kapriksen nuppu
 * French:
 * Georgian:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: κάππαρις
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Irish: capras
 * Italian:
 * Kazakh:
 * Korean: 케이퍼
 * Latin: capparis
 * Norwegian: kapers
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: capar
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ка̏па̄р, ка̏пра
 * Roman: ,
 * Sicilian: chiàpparu
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: ка́перс
 * Welsh: caprysen, capryn
 * Yiddish: קאַפּער

 * Arabic:, كَبَّار, قَبَّار, شَفَلَّح, لَصَف
 * Aramaic:
 * Classical Syriac: ܩܲܦܵܪ, ܟܲܦܵܪ, ܢܹܝܨܦܵܐ, ܦܲܪܚܵܐ
 * Armenian:
 * Old Armenian: կապար
 * Bulgarian: каперсник
 * Catalan: taperera
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 水瓜柳
 * Czech: kaparovník trnitý
 * Finnish:
 * German: Kapernstrauch
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: κάππαρις
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: tor caprais
 * Italian:
 * Kazakh:
 * Korean: 케이퍼
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: مارگیرە
 * Persian: ,
 * Polish:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ка̏па̄р, ка̏пра
 * Roman: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Welsh: llwyn caprys
 * Xhosa: intsihlo

Etymology 4
Shortening of.

Noun

 * 1)  The capercaillie.

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to cap
 * 2)  to cap

Etymology
From, from.

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) he-goat

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Verb

 * 1) to seize

Etymology
.

title: caper


text:
capitalization

Etymology
.

title: capitalization


text:
capitulation

Etymology
From ; equivalent to. Derived from, ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1) A reducing to heads or articles; a formal agreement.
 * 2) The act of capitulating or surrendering to an enemy upon stipulated terms; the act of ceasing to resist an opponent or an unwelcome demand.
 * 3) The instrument containing the terms of an agreement or surrender.
 * 4) An enumeration of the main parts of a subject.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: اِسْتِسْلَام
 * Armenian: ,
 * Azerbaijani: təslim, kapitulasiya
 * Belarusian: капітуля́цыя
 * Breton: kodianidigezh
 * Bulgarian:
 * Carpathian Rusyn: капітула́ція
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 投降
 * Hokkien:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: kapitulace
 * Danish: kapitulation
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: kapitulaco
 * Estonian: kapitulatsioon
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: კაპიტულაცია
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: כְּנִיעָה
 * Hindi: आत्मसमर्पण
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Kazakh: капитуляция
 * Korean: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Kyrgyz: капитуляция
 * Latin: dēditiō
 * Latvian: kapitulācija
 * Lithuanian:
 * Macedonian: капитулација
 * Malay: penyerahan
 * Maori: haurarotanga, ngawheretanga
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: капитуляци, дагаар оролт
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: kapitulasjon
 * Old English: handgang
 * Pashto: تسلیم
 * Persian: ,
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: капитула́ција
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: kapitulácia
 * Slovene: kapitulacija
 * Spanish: capitulación
 * Swedish:
 * Tajik: таслим, таслимшави
 * Turkmen: kapitulýasiýa
 * Ukrainian: капітуля́ція
 * Uyghur: تەسلىم
 * Uzbek: ,
 * Vietnamese:
 * Xhosa: ukuncama

Etymology
..

Noun

 * 1)  treaty, convention; especially a treaty regarding the rights of nationals of one party with respect to the government of the other party
 * 2) * 1841, book title
 * "fr"

- Capitulations et traités entre la France et la Porte Ottomane

 * 1) surrender,  act of capitulating or surrendering to an enemy upon stipulated terms
 * 1) surrender,  act of capitulating or surrendering to an enemy upon stipulated terms

title: capitulation


text:
carbonization

Alternative forms

 * carbonisation

Noun

 * 1) The act or process of carbonizing.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: овъгляване
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 碳化
 * Hokkien: 碳化
 * Mandarin:
 * Galician:
 * Greek:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, 炭素転化
 * Korean:
 * Malay: pengkarbonan, karbonisasi

title: carbonization


text:
castigation

Noun

 * 1)  Corrective punishment; chastisement; reproof
 * 2) severe criticism.
 * 3)  Emendation; correction.
 * 1)  Emendation; correction.

Translations

 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:, soimaus
 * Gothic: 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌴𐌹𐍄
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἐπίπληξις
 * Hungarian:, , , , ,
 * Ottoman Turkish: جزا
 * Russian:, ,

 * Finnish:
 * Russian:

 * Bulgarian:, остра критика
 * German:

title: castigation


text:
cataphract

Pronunciation

Etymology 1
From, from , from +  (from ) +.

Noun

 * 1)  Defensive armour covering the entire body of a soldier and often the soldier's horse as well, especially the linked mail or scale armour of some eastern nations.
 * 2)  An outer covering of some fish resembling armour or plate.
 * 1)  An outer covering of some fish resembling armour or plate.
 * 1)  An outer covering of some fish resembling armour or plate.

Translations

 * Armenian: կատափրակտոս
 * Dutch: katafrakt
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: καταφράκτης
 * Italian: catafratta
 * Japanese: カタフラクト
 * Latin: cataphractes
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: katafrakt
 * Persian:
 * Portuguese: catafracta
 * Serbo-Croatian: katafrakt

Etymology 2

The is derived from, from  (see further at etymology 1) +.

The is derived from, from ; see above.

Adjective

 * 1)  Of a galley such as a trireme: with the upper tier of rowers shielded rather than exposed.

Translations

 * Greek:

Noun

 * 1)  A soldier (especially a horseman) covered with a cataphract (etymology 1, sense 1).

Translations

 * Arabic: كاتافراكت
 * Armenian: կատաֆրակտոս
 * Azerbaijani: katafraktarilər
 * Basque: katafrakto
 * Belarusian: катафракт
 * Bulgarian: катафракт
 * Catalan: catafracta
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 全覆裝甲騎兵
 * Czech: katafrakt
 * Danish: katafrakt
 * Dutch: katafrakt
 * Esperanto: katafrakto
 * Finnish: katafrakti
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: קטפרקט
 * Hungarian: kataphraktosz
 * Indonesian: katafrak
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: カタフラクト
 * Korean: 철갑기병
 * Malay: kataphract
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: katafrakt
 * Persian: سوار زره‌پوش
 * Polish: katafrakt
 * Portuguese: catafractário
 * Romanian: catafract
 * Russian: катафракта́рий
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: катафракт
 * Roman: katafrakt
 * Slovak: katafrakt
 * Slovene: katafrakt
 * Spanish: catafracto
 * Swedish: katafrakt
 * Turkish: katafrakt
 * Ukrainian: катафрактарії

title: cataphract


text:
cater

Etymology 1
From, aphetic form of , from. Equivalent to.

Verb

 * 1) To provide, particularly:
 * 2)  To provide with food, especially for a special occasion as a professional service.
 * 3)  To provide anything required or desired, often  to pander.
 * 4)  To tailor something to an intended audience.
 * 1)  To provide anything required or desired, often  to pander.
 * 2)  To tailor something to an intended audience.
 * 1)  To provide anything required or desired, often  to pander.
 * 2)  To tailor something to an intended audience.
 * 1)  To tailor something to an intended audience.
 * 1)  To tailor something to an intended audience.

Translations

 * Finnish: järjestää ruokatarjoilu
 * French: faire traiteur
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish: proveer comida para
 * Ukrainian: обслуго́вувати, обслужи́ти

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Occitan:, , ,
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish:
 * Ukrainian: обслуго́вувати, обслужи́ти

Noun

 * : an officer who purchased cates (food supplies) for the steward of a large household or estate.
 * : any provider of food.
 * : any provider of anything.
 * : any provider of food.
 * : any provider of anything.
 * : any provider of anything.

Etymology 2
Probably ultimately from, possibly via , although Liberman argues for a derivation from a prefix meaning "crooked, angled, clumsy" from which he also derives  and, via Norse, Old Irish. He finds this more likely than extension of the dice and change-ringing term as an adverb, given the likely cognates in other Germanic languages. and are unrelated, being derived from cognates to, but may have influenced the pronunciation of Liberman's proposed earlier  or undergone similar sound changes.

Verb

 * 1)  To place, set, move, or cut diagonally or rhomboidally.

Adverb

 * 1)   Diagonally.

Etymology 3
From. .

Noun

 * 1)  Four.
 * 2)  The four of cards or dice.
 * 3)  A method of ringing nine bells in four pairs with a ninth tenor bell.
 * 1)  A method of ringing nine bells in four pairs with a ninth tenor bell.
 * 1)  A method of ringing nine bells in four pairs with a ninth tenor bell.

Translations

 * Japanese: ケイト
 * Polish: kwadr,
 * Portuguese:

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) four

Noun

 * 1) four

Noun

 * 1) tomcat

title: cater


text:
catheterization

Noun

 * 1) The procedure of introducing a catheter.

Translations

 * Finnish:
 * Galician:
 * Greek:

title: catheterization


text:
causation

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) The act of causing.
 * 2) The act or agency by which an effect is produced.
 * 3) Cause and effect, considered as a system.
 * 1) Cause and effect, considered as a system.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hindi: कार्यकारण
 * Korean: 원인제공
 * Maori: whakataenga, pūtaketanga
 * Russian: причи́нная связь
 * Spanish: causación

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Finnish:, , , , kausaatio
 * Hindi: कार्यकारण, कारणता
 * Maori: whakataenga
 * Russian:

title: causation


text:
cauterization

Noun

 * 1) The act of searing some morbid part by the application of a cautery or caustic; also, the effect of such application.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: обгаряне
 * Catalan: cauterització
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: cauterización
 * Swedish:
 * Walloon:

title: cauterization


text:
caution

Etymology
Recorded since 1297 as, from , itself from , from , past participle of.

Noun

 * 1) Prudence when faced with, or when expecting to face, danger; care taken in order to avoid risk or harm.
 * 2) A careful attention to the probable effects of an act, in order that failure or harm may be avoided.
 * 3) Security; guaranty; bail.
 * 4)  One who draws attention or causes astonishment by their behaviour.
 * 5)  A formal warning given as an alternative to prosecution in minor cases.
 * 6)  A yellow card.
 * 1) A careful attention to the probable effects of an act, in order that failure or harm may be avoided.
 * 2) Security; guaranty; bail.
 * 3)  One who draws attention or causes astonishment by their behaviour.
 * 4)  A formal warning given as an alternative to prosecution in minor cases.
 * 5)  A yellow card.
 * 1)  One who draws attention or causes astonishment by their behaviour.
 * 2)  A formal warning given as an alternative to prosecution in minor cases.
 * 3)  A yellow card.
 * 1)  A formal warning given as an alternative to prosecution in minor cases.
 * 2)  A yellow card.

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:caution

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:, , ohjenuora
 * French:, ,
 * Georgian: გაფრთხილება
 * German: ,
 * Greek:, , προσεκτικότητα
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Latin: cautēla
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Mizo: vaukhanna
 * Navajo: sínízid
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romagnol: cautēla
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian: опрез
 * Spanish:
 * Tagalog: paingat
 * Thai: คำเตือน
 * Ukrainian: попере́дження, пересторо́га

 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: forsigtighed, varsomhed
 * Dutch:, , ,
 * Finnish:, , ,
 * French:
 * Georgian: სიფრთხილე, გაფრთხილება, წინდახედულობა
 * German:, ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: ,
 * Latin: cautiō, cautela
 * Mizo: fimkhurna
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:, ,
 * Polish:, , ,
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Romagnol: cautēla
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: paingat
 * Thai: ข้อควรระวัง
 * Volapük:
 * Zazaki: ihtiyat

 * Danish: sikkerhed, garanti, kaution
 * Dutch:, , ,
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Mizo: zakhamna
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: kausjon
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Zazaki: emel

 * Hebrew: (1)
 * Latin:

Verb

 * 1)  To warn; to alert, advise that caution is warranted.
 * 2)  To give a yellow card

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French:
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:
 * Tagalog: paingatan
 * Thai:
 * Ukrainian: попере́джувати, попереджа́ти, попереди́ти, перестеріга́ти, перестерегти́

Etymology
, borrowed from, from , past participle of.

Noun

 * , guaranty, bail
 * 1) deposit
 * 2) security deposit

Etymology
From, borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  deposit
 * 2)  bail

title: caution


text:
cavalier

Etymology
. Borrowed from, itself borrowed from , borrowed from , from , from , probably from Gaulish caballos 'nag', variant of cabillos (compare Welsh ceffyl, Breton kefel, Irish capall), akin to German (Swabish) Kōb 'nag' and 🇨🇬 'mare'.

Previous English forms include and. .

Adjective

 * 1) Not caring enough about something important.
 * 2) * 2024, Jeremy B. Rudd, ''A Practical Guide to Macroeconomics, p. 60
 * For another example, see Palumbo, Rudd, and Whelan (2006), who found that several empirical consumption papers from the 1980s and 1990s took a cavalier approach to deflation and measurement that unfortunately affected their results.
 * 1) High-spirited.
 * 2) Supercilious.
 * 3)  Of or pertaining to the party of  (1600–1649).
 * 1)  Of or pertaining to the party of  (1600–1649).
 * 1)  Of or pertaining to the party of  (1600–1649).

Translations

 * Arabic: غَيْر مُكْتَرِث
 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French:, , ,
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian: бе́згрижен

 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * German:
 * Russian:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech:, přezíravý
 * Dutch: ,
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:, , ,
 * Macedonian: на́дмен
 * Russian: ,

Noun

 * 1)  A military man serving on horse,  early modern cavalry officers who had abandoned the heavy armor of medieval knights.
 * 2)  A gallant: a sprightly young dashing military man.
 * 3) A gentleman of the class of such officers, particularly:
 * 4)  A courtesan or noble under Charles I of England, particularly a royalist partisan during the English Civil War which ended his reign.
 * 5)  Someone with an uncircumcised penis.
 * 6)  A defensive work rising from a bastion, etc., and overlooking the surrounding area.
 * 1)  A courtesan or noble under Charles I of England, particularly a royalist partisan during the English Civil War which ended his reign.
 * 2)  Someone with an uncircumcised penis.
 * 3)  A defensive work rising from a bastion, etc., and overlooking the surrounding area.
 * 1)  A defensive work rising from a bastion, etc., and overlooking the surrounding area.
 * 1)  A defensive work rising from a bastion, etc., and overlooking the surrounding area.
 * 1)  A defensive work rising from a bastion, etc., and overlooking the surrounding area.
 * 1)  A defensive work rising from a bastion, etc., and overlooking the surrounding area.
 * 1)  A defensive work rising from a bastion, etc., and overlooking the surrounding area.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Irish: marcach
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian: кавалери́ст
 * Manx: markiagh
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: marcach
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Spanish:
 * Tagalog:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Japanese:
 * Macedonian: ви́тез
 * Russian: ,

 * Bulgarian:
 * Danish: kavaler
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Irish: cúirteoir, gaige
 * Macedonian: кавале́р
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:

 * Finnish:

 * Finnish: cavalierkingcharlesinspanieli

Verb

 * 1)  Of a man: to act in a gallant and dashing manner toward (women).

Etymology
, itself borrowed from, from. , which was inherited.

Noun

 * 1) horseman, particularly:
 * 2) knight
 * : an early modern cavalry officer
 * 1) (horse-)rider
 * 2)  knight
 * 3)  knight in tarot
 * 4)  U-nail, fence staple, construction staple
 * 5)  cable clip
 * 6)  (male) partner
 * 7)  (male) date, (male) companion for social activities

Adjective

 * 1) equestrian
 * 2)  (all senses)

title: cavalier


text:
celebrate

Etymology
From, from , past participle of , from. Displaced native.

Verb

 * 1)  To extol or honour in a solemn manner.
 * 2)  To honour by rites, by ceremonies of joy and respect, or by refraining from ordinary business; to observe duly.
 * 3)  To engage in joyful activity in appreciation of an event.
 * 4)  To perform or participate in, as a sacrament or solemn rite; to perform with appropriate rites.
 * 1)  To honour by rites, by ceremonies of joy and respect, or by refraining from ordinary business; to observe duly.
 * 2)  To engage in joyful activity in appreciation of an event.
 * 3)  To perform or participate in, as a sacrament or solemn rite; to perform with appropriate rites.
 * 1)  To engage in joyful activity in appreciation of an event.
 * 2)  To perform or participate in, as a sacrament or solemn rite; to perform with appropriate rites.
 * 1)  To perform or participate in, as a sacrament or solemn rite; to perform with appropriate rites.
 * 1)  To perform or participate in, as a sacrament or solemn rite; to perform with appropriate rites.
 * 1)  To perform or participate in, as a sacrament or solemn rite; to perform with appropriate rites.

Usage notes
In sense “to conduct ceremonies, to follow a custom”, generally used of festive occasions, such as Christmas and birthdays. For more solemn occasions, particularly certain religious holidays (“holy days”) and commemorations, the term is used instead, as in “This office will be closed in observance of Veterans Day.”

Translations

 * Belarusian: праслаўля́ць, прасла́віць
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: prise
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Guaraní: hecharamo
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:
 * Latin: celebrō
 * Maori: whakanui, whakahari
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Ukrainian: прославля́ти, просла́вити

 * Arabic: اِحْتَفَلَ
 * Aromanian: sãrbãturescu
 * Assamese: পাল, পালন কৰ
 * Bulgarian: че́ствам,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: højtideligholde
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * German:, ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ποιέω
 * Guaraní: hecharamo
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Ingrian: veettää
 * Irish: ceiliúir, ceiliúradh a dhéanamh ar
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: мерекелеу
 * Korean:
 * Latin: celebrō,
 * Malayalam:
 * Maori: whakanui
 * Occitan:
 * Persian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: славити
 * Roman:
 * Sicilian: fistijari
 * Spanish:
 * Tamil:
 * Ukrainian:, святкува́ти, відсвяткува́ти, посвяткува́ти
 * Vietnamese:
 * Walloon:

 * American Sign Language: X@SideChinhigh-X@SideChinhigh CirclesHoriz-CirclesHoriz
 * Arabic: اِحْتَفَلَ
 * Armenian:
 * Assamese: পাল, পালন কৰ
 * Belarusian: святкава́ць, адсвяткава́ць
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Danish: fejre, feste
 * Esperanto: celebri
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician: ,
 * Georgian:
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽
 * Greek:
 * Indonesian:
 * Ingrian: pittää, veettää
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: мерекелеу
 * Korean:
 * Malayalam:
 * Maori: hari
 * Occitan:
 * Polish:, , , ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Quechua:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Tamil:
 * Ukrainian: святкува́ти, відсвяткува́ти, посвяткува́ти
 * Vietnamese:

 * Catalan:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: ceiliúir
 * Italian:
 * Malayalam:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Ukrainian: святкува́ти

 * Esperanto:
 * Hebrew:
 * Ido:
 * Norwegian:
 * Welsh:

title: celebrate


text:
celebration

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) The formal performance of a solemn rite, such as Christian sacrament.
 * 2) The observance of a holiday or feast day, as by solemnities.
 * 3) The act, process of showing appreciation, gratitude and/or remembrance, notably as a social event.
 * 4) A social gathering for entertainment and fun; a party.
 * 1) A social gathering for entertainment and fun; a party.
 * 1) A social gathering for entertainment and fun; a party.

Synonyms

 * See Thesaurus:celebration

Translations

 * Arabic: اِحْتِفَال
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: bayram etmə, toy-bayram, təntənə
 * Belarusian: святкава́нне
 * Bulgarian: че́стване
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Hindi:
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese: お祝い, ,
 * Korean: ,
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: feiring
 * Persian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Quechua:
 * Romanian:, ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:
 * Tajik:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: святкува́ння, торжество́

 * Finnish: ,
 * Ladino: moed, hiba

 * Belarusian: урачы́стасць
 * Bulgarian: че́стване, ,
 * Danish: fejring
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Finnish:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Malayalam:
 * Polish:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Sanskrit:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: свѐчано̄ст
 * Roman:
 * Swahili:
 * Ukrainian: урочи́стість

 * Afrikaans: selebrasie
 * Arabic: اِحْتِفَال, مِهْرَجَان, مَهْرَجَان
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:, , qeyd etmə, toy-bayram
 * Belarusian: святкава́нне, свя́та, урачы́стасць
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian:, празну́ване, ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:, , ,
 * Esperanto: festo
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ზეიმი
 * German: ,
 * Gothic: 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐍃
 * Greek:, ,
 * Haitian Creole: selebrasyon
 * Hindi:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: お祝い, ,
 * Karelian: pruazniekku
 * Kazakh: мейрам
 * Korean:, ,
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Latin: convīvium
 * Macedonian: празник, прослава
 * Malay:
 * Northern Sami: ávvudeapmi, feasta, riemut
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: feiring
 * Occitan:
 * Persian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:, ,
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: пра̑знӣк, про̏слава
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovak: oslava
 * Slovene: praznovanje
 * Spanish:
 * Sranan Tongo: fesa
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:
 * Tajik:
 * Tamil:
 * Tatar:
 * Thai:
 * Turkish: ,
 * Turkmen:
 * Ukrainian: святкува́ння, свя́то, урочи́стість
 * Uyghur: بايرام
 * Uzbek:
 * Welsh:
 * Wolof: feet
 * Yiddish: שׂמחה

title: celebration


text:
censure

Etymology
From 1350–1400, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) The act of blaming, criticizing, or condemning as wrong; reprehension.
 * 2) An official reprimand.
 * 3) Judicial or ecclesiastical sentence or reprimand; condemnatory judgment.
 * 4)  Judgment either favorable or unfavorable; opinion.
 * 1) Judicial or ecclesiastical sentence or reprimand; condemnatory judgment.
 * 2)  Judgment either favorable or unfavorable; opinion.
 * 1)  Judgment either favorable or unfavorable; opinion.
 * 1)  Judgment either favorable or unfavorable; opinion.

Translations

 * Armenian: ,
 * Old Armenian: դսրով
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Finnish:
 * Galician:
 * German:, Zurechtweisung, , , , , Kritisieren, Ermahnen
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ὄνειδος
 * Middle English: blame
 * Russian: ,
 * Sanskrit:
 * Spanish:
 * Tagalog:
 * Tocharian B: nāki
 * Ukrainian: осуд, засудження
 * Zazaki: sansur

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: moitteet
 * German:, ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Ukrainian: засудження

 * Finnish:

Verb

 * 1) To criticize harshly.
 * 2) To formally rebuke.
 * 3)  To form or express a judgment in regard to; to estimate; to judge.
 * 1) To formally rebuke.
 * 2)  To form or express a judgment in regard to; to estimate; to judge.
 * 1)  To form or express a judgment in regard to; to estimate; to judge.

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:reprehend

Translations

 * Arabic:, اِسْتِنْكَر, اِسْتِهْجَن
 * Egyptian Arabic: لام, استنكر, استهجن
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Czech:, , , vyplísnit
 * Esperanto: admoni
 * Finnish:
 * Galician:
 * German:, , , ,
 * Gothic: 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽
 * Indonesian:
 * Maori: wenerau
 * Tagalog: pulaan

 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:, op de vingers tikken
 * German:, Verweis erteilen, Rüge erteilen, , Tadel erteilen
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: εὐθύνω

 * French: ,

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) censorship

title: censure


text:
centralization

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) The act or process of centralizing, or the state of being centralized; the act or process of combining or reducing several parts into a whole

Translations

 * Afrikaans: sentralisasie
 * Arabic: مَرْكَزِيَّة
 * Basque: zentralizazio
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: centralització
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: centralizace
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ცენტრალიზაცია
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hindi: केंद्रीकरण
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:, ,
 * Italian: ,
 * Norwegian: sentralisering
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Punjabi: ਕੇਂਦਰੀਕਰਨ
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: centralización
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian:

title: centralization


text:
centrepiece

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) An ornament to be placed in the centre, as of a table, ceiling, etc.
 * 2) A central article or figure.

Translations

 * Esperanto: ĉefdekoracio, ĉefornamaĵo
 * German: ,
 * Irish: lárscaraoid
 * Spanish:

 * German:, ,

title: centrepiece


text:
certification

Noun

 * 1) The act of certifying.
 * 2) The granting of a certificate.
 * 3) A professional qualification that certifies a person's ability.

Translations

 * Asturian: certificación
 * Belarusian: сертыфіка́цыя
 * Catalan: certificació
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: certifikace
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: atestado
 * Finnish: oikeaksi todistaminen,, ,
 * French: ,
 * Friulian: certificazion
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: vottun
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Kazakh: сертификаттау
 * Korean:, ,
 * Latvian: sertifikācija
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: sertifisering
 * Nynorsk: sertifisering
 * Polish: certyfikacja
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: certificație
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Telugu: ద్రువీకరణ
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: сертифіка́ція

Noun

 * 1)  (all meanings)

title: certification


text:
cessation

Etymology
Borrowed from, itself a borrowing from. .

Noun

 * 1)  A ceasing or discontinuance, for example of an action, whether temporary or final.

Synonyms

 * ,, ; see also Thesaurus:pause
 * ,, ; see also Thesaurus:finish

Translations

 * Arabic: وَقْف
 * Belarusian: спыне́нне
 * Bulgarian:, ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * German: ,
 * Greek:, , ,
 * Irish: faill
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Korean: ,
 * Macedonian: престанок
 * Maori: pārirātanga
 * Polish:
 * Russian:
 * Sanskrit:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: прѐстанак
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: zastavenie
 * Slovene: prenehanje, ustavitev
 * Spanish:
 * Telugu:
 * Tocharian B: āralñe
 * Ukrainian: припи́нення

Etymology
. Morphologically, from.

title: cessation


text:
chafe

Etymology
From, borrowed from (modern French ), from , , from  +. See.

Noun

 * 1) Heat excited by friction.
 * 2) Injury or wear caused by friction.
 * 3) Vexation; irritation of mind; rage.
 * 4)  An expression of opinionated conflict.
 * 1)  An expression of opinionated conflict.

Translations

 * Dutch: opgewarmd door wrijving
 * French: chauffer en frictionnant
 * German: Reibungswärme
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish: calor friccional

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian: ожулване, протриване
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, , 擦熱
 * Czech: podráždění (třením)
 * Danish: gnavesår
 * Dutch: schaafwonde, pijnlijke ruwe plek
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish: hiertymä, hankauma
 * French: ,
 * Galician:, esfoladura
 * Georgian:
 * German:, ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: núningssár
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Malay:
 * Polish: odparzenie, zatarcie,
 * Portuguese: esfolamento,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: bruichealachd
 * Spanish: escocimiento,, cocedura, rozadura
 * Swedish: ,

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German:, , , , ,
 * Italian:, , , ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Spanish:

Verb

 * 1)  To excite heat in by friction; to rub in order to stimulate and make warm.
 * 2)  To excite passion or anger in; to fret; to irritate.
 * 3)  To fret and wear by rubbing.
 * 4)  To rub; to come together so as to wear by rubbing; to wear by friction.
 * 5)  To be worn by rubbing.
 * 6)  To have a feeling of vexation; to be vexed; to fret; to be irritated.
 * 1)  To be worn by rubbing.
 * 2)  To have a feeling of vexation; to be vexed; to fret; to be irritated.
 * 1)  To have a feeling of vexation; to be vexed; to fret; to be irritated.
 * 1)  To have a feeling of vexation; to be vexed; to fret; to be irritated.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech: podráždit,
 * Danish: stimulere, opildne, provokere
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * Galician:, alporizar, enervar, enrabiar, enrabechar
 * German:, , nervös machen, , , , , , , ,
 * Italian:, , ,
 * Maori: hotu
 * Middle English: chaufen
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:, , ,

 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Czech:, rozedřít
 * Danish: slide
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * German:, , , abscheuern,
 * Maori: pākanikani, hikahika, mōhanihani
 * Mongolian:, ,
 * Polish: odparzyć, odparzać
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish:

 * Ainu: シルシル
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 擦熱
 * Danish: slide
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * Georgian:
 * German: ,
 * Malay:
 * Maori: pākanikani, mōhanihani, hikahika
 * Mongolian:, ,
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: atritar,
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:

 * Azerbaijani: yeyilmək
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 擦熱
 * Czech: dřít se, rozedřít se
 * Danish: opslide
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: hankautua
 * Galician:, gastar, luír
 * Georgian:
 * German:, , abscheuern, , durchreiben
 * Malay:
 * Maori: pākanikani, pahore
 * Mongolian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Danish: irritere
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German:, , , , , , ,
 * Maori: hotu
 * Polish: być rozdrażnionym
 * Portuguese: irritar-se
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish:

title: chafe


text:
champ

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1)  Buddy, sport, mate. as a term of address
 * 1)  Buddy, sport, mate. as a term of address
 * 1)  Buddy, sport, mate. as a term of address
 * 1)  Buddy, sport, mate. as a term of address

Etymology 2
From, , perhaps originally.

Noun

 * 1)  A dish comprising mashed potato and chopped scallions.

Verb

 * 1)  To bite or chew, especially noisily or impatiently.
 * 2) * 1951,, Foundation (1974 Panther Books Ltd publication), part V: “The Merchant Princes”, chapter 13, page 166, ¶ 18
 * The man beside him placed a cigar between Mallow’s teeth and lit it. He champed on one of his own and said, “You must be overworked. Maybe you need a long rest.”
 * 1) * 1951,, Foundation (1974 Panther Books Ltd publication), part V: “The Merchant Princes”, chapter 13, page 166, ¶ 18
 * The man beside him placed a cigar between Mallow’s teeth and lit it. He champed on one of his own and said, “You must be overworked. Maybe you need a long rest.”
 * The man beside him placed a cigar between Mallow’s teeth and lit it. He champed on one of his own and said, “You must be overworked. Maybe you need a long rest.”

Derived terms

 * champ up

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Czech: chroustat, chroupat
 * Danish: gnaske
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Ingrian: matsaa
 * Maori: katikati
 * Russian: ,
 * Scots: champ

Etymology 3
From by shortening.

Noun

 * 1) * 2009, The Lonely Island (featuring T-Pain), "I'm on a Boat", Incredibad:
 * We're drinkin' Santana champ, 'cause it's so crisp
 * 1) * 2009, The Lonely Island (featuring T-Pain), "I'm on a Boat", Incredibad:
 * We're drinkin' Santana champ, 'cause it's so crisp

Etymology 4
Borrowed from. .

Noun

 * 1)  The field or ground on which carving appears in relief.
 * 2)  The field of a shield.

Etymology 5
or back-formation from champing.

Verb

 * 1) To camp overnight in a historic church as a novelty or part of a holiday.

Related terms

 * glamp

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) field

Etymology
, from, inherited from. .

Noun

 * 1) field in its various senses, including:
 * 2) a wide open space
 * 3) an area of study
 * 4)  a vector field, tensor field, or scalar field (but not a commutative ring with identity for which every nonzero element has a multiplicative inverse, cf. )
 * 5)  the background of a shield's design

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) field
 * 2)  battlefield

Etymology
Late, probably.

Verb

 * 1) to mash, crush, pound
 * 2) to chew voraciously

Noun

 * 1)  a stretch of ground trodden into a miry state, a quagmire

title: champ


text:
char

Etymology 1
.

Pronunciation

 * or
 * or
 * or

Verb

 * 1)  To burn something to charcoal; to be burnt to charcoal.
 * I charred the wood.
 * The wood charred.
 * 1)  To burn (something) severely, so as to blacken it.
 * The fire charred her down to the bone.
 * 1)  To burn (something) slightly or superficially so as to affect colour.
 * The chef charred the scallops just right.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: овъглявам
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: hiiltää
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian: јагле́ниса
 * Polish: zwęglić, zwęglać
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Czech: ožehnout, opálit
 * Finnish: hiillyttää,
 * German: ansengen,
 * Macedonian: по́црни, по́гори
 * Maori: ngunu, hunuhunu
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Sanskrit:

Noun

 * 1) A charred substance.

Translations

 * Finnish: ;
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Macedonian: ја́глен
 * Russian:

Etymology 2
, perhaps from, such as (found in personal names). Or, perhaps borrowed from, from , related to , referring to its shape. If so, related to.

Noun

 * 1) Any of the several species of fishes of the genus.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: езерна пъстърва
 * Danish: rødding
 * Finnish: puronieriä,
 * French:
 * German:
 * Alemannic German: Röötel
 * Hungarian: szaibling, szemling
 * Icelandic: bleikjuættkvísl
 * Italian: salmerino
 * Russian: ручьева́я форе́ль, ,
 * Spanish: salvelino
 * Swedish:

Etymology 3
From, from , from , from , from.

Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and or, 🇨🇬,. More at,.

Noun

 * 1)   A time; a turn or occasion.
 * 2)  A turn of work; a labour or item of business.
 * 3)  An odd job, a chore or piece of housework.
 * 4) A charlady, a woman employed to do housework; cleaning lady.
 * 1) A charlady, a woman employed to do housework; cleaning lady.

Synonyms

 * lady
 * woman
 * lady
 * woman

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian: чи́стачка, изме́ќарка
 * Polish:
 * Russian:

Verb

 * 1)  To turn, especially away or aside.
 * 2) To work, especially to do housework; to work by the day, without being a regularly hired servant.
 * 3) * 1897,, Lisa of Lambeth, chapter 2
 * Her husband had been a soldier, and from a grateful country she received a pension large enough to keep her from starvation, and by charring and doing such odd jobs as she could get she earned a little extra to supply herself with liquor.
 * 1)  To perform; to do; to finish.
 * 2) To work or hew (stone, etc.)
 * 1) To work or hew (stone, etc.)
 * 1) To work or hew (stone, etc.)

Etymology 4
Abbreviation of, used as the name of a data type in some programming languages, including notably C.

Noun

 * 1)  A character (text element such as a letter or symbol).
 * 2) * 2002, Nell B. Dale, Michael McMillan, Visual Basic .NET: a laboratory course - Page 25
 * .NET uses the Unicode character set in which each char constant or variable takes up two bytes (16 bits) of storage.
 * 1) A character being involved in the action of a story.
 * 1) * 2002, Nell B. Dale, Michael McMillan, Visual Basic .NET: a laboratory course - Page 25
 * .NET uses the Unicode character set in which each char constant or variable takes up two bytes (16 bits) of storage.
 * 1) A character being involved in the action of a story.
 * .NET uses the Unicode character set in which each char constant or variable takes up two bytes (16 bits) of storage.
 * 1) A character being involved in the action of a story.

Translations

 * Portuguese:

Etymology 5
Non-rhotic spelling of.

Etymology
From.

Numeral

 * 1) four

Etymology
, from, a loan from. , a borrowing from English.

Noun

 * 1) chariot, carriage
 * 2) float
 * 3)  tank
 * 4)  car, auto
 * 5)  train car
 * 1)  train car

Particle

 * 1)  not

Usage notes
Used only in some varieties of Ulster Irish. Used only with the past tense of regular verbs and some irregular verbs.

Etymology
From,.

Noun

 * 1) flesh

Etymology 1
From earlier, , from , accusative singular of.

Noun

 * 1)  flesh (tissue from an animal in general)
 * 2) meat (flesh of an animal intended to be eaten)
 * 1) meat (flesh of an animal intended to be eaten)

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1) cart

Etymology 3
Alternative form of

Noun

 * 1) grass
 * 2) lawn
 * 1) lawn

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) dear

Usage notes

 * Dialectal form of the usual.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) month

title: char


text:
characterization

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) The act or process of characterizing.

Translations

 * Asturian: carauterización
 * Bulgarian: характеризиране
 * Catalan: caracterització
 * Czech: charakterizace
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἠθοποιία
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: carachtracht
 * Italian:
 * Latvian: raksturošana, raksturojums
 * Malay:
 * Portuguese:, caraterização
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: caracterización
 * Yoruba: ìfìwàwẹ̀dá

title: characterization


text:
Charybdis

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) A dangerous whirlpool on the coast of Sicily opposite Scylla on the Italian coast.
 * 2)  A personification of the above whirlpool as a female monster.
 * 3) Any dangerous whirlpool.
 * 4) * 1842 Schiller, Friedrich poem Der Taucher (written in 1797) published in English in Blackwood's Magazine volume 52
 * Lo! the wave that for ever devours the wave / Casts roaringly up the charybdis again…
 * 1) * 1842 Schiller, Friedrich poem Der Taucher (written in 1797) published in English in Blackwood's Magazine volume 52
 * Lo! the wave that for ever devours the wave / Casts roaringly up the charybdis again…
 * Lo! the wave that for ever devours the wave / Casts roaringly up the charybdis again…

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Czech: Charybda
 * Danish: Charybdis
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Ancient: Χάρυβδις
 * Greenlandic: Karybdis
 * Hungarian: Kharübdisz
 * Inuktitut: ᖃᕆᑉᑎᔅ
 * Italian: Cariddi
 * Japanese: カリュブディス
 * Latin: Charybdis
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: Caríbdis
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: Caribdis
 * Swahili: Kharibdi

Proper noun

 * 1) Charybdis (monster)

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) Charybdis

title: Charybdis


text:
chef

Etymology
(from the positions of and ), from  (English ), from  (from which also, ), from  (possibly related to English ), from. through Latin, and through Proto-Indo-European.

Noun

 * 1) The presiding cook in the kitchen of a large household.
 * 2) * a. 1845, R. H. Barham, Blasphemer's Warning in Ingoldsby Legends (1847), 3rd Ser., 245
 * The Chef's peace of mind was restor'd, And in due time a banquet was placed on the board.
 * 1) The head cook of a restaurant or other establishment.
 * 2) Any cook.
 * 3)  One who manufactures illegal drugs; a cook.
 * 4)  A reliquary in the shape of a head.
 * 1)  One who manufactures illegal drugs; a cook.
 * 2)  A reliquary in the shape of a head.
 * 1)  A reliquary in the shape of a head.
 * 1)  A reliquary in the shape of a head.

Usage notes
When used in reference to a cook with no sous-chefs or other workers beneath him, the term connotes a certain degree of prestige—whether culinary education or ability—distinguishing the chef from a “cook”. As a borrowing, chef was originally italicized, but such treatment is now obsolete. Within a catering establishment, the head cook (and no-one else) will normally be addressed simply as "chef" as a term of respect.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: sjef
 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: طَاهٍ, طَاهِي , شِيف, طَاهِيَة
 * Hijazi Arabic: شيف, طَبَّاخ
 * Armenian: շեֆ-խոհարար
 * Azerbaijani: baş aşpaz
 * Belarusian: шэф-куха́р
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian: гла́вен готва́ч
 * Catalan: xef
 * Chechen: юургйийриг
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 廚師, 大廚
 * Hokkien: 廚師, 廚子師,, 刀子, , 總舖
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: šéfkuchař
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: ĉefkuiristo
 * Estonian: peakokk
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Galician: xefe de cociña
 * Georgian: მზარეული, შეფ-მზარეული,
 * German:, , ,
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:, yfirmatsveinn, matreiðslumaður, matsveinn
 * Ido:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, , ,
 * Khmer: ចុងភៅធំ
 * Korean:, 료리사(料理師) , 주방장(廚房長), 셰프
 * Latvian: šefpavārs
 * Lithuanian: vyriausias virėjas, šefas
 * Macedonian: шеф на кујна
 * Maltese: xeff
 * Manx: ard-choagyrey
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Navajo: chʼiyáán ííłʼíní
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: kjøkkensjef
 * Nynorsk: kjøkensjef, kjøkkensjef
 * Persian:
 * Polish: szef kuchni, szefowa kuchni, ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: bucătar-șef
 * Russian:, ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: главни кувар
 * Roman: glavni kuhar
 * Slovak: šéfkuchár
 * Slovene: glavni kuhar, glavna kuharica
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili: mpishi mkuu
 * Swedish: ,
 * Thai: หัวหน้าพ่อครัว,
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: шеф-куха́р
 * Urdu: باورچی
 * Uyghur:
 * Vietnamese: bếp trưởng
 * Volapük: kvisinal,  hikvisinal,  jikvisinal
 * Welsh:, pen-cogydd , sièff

Verb

 * 1)  To work as a chef; to prepare and cook food professionally.
 * 2)  To stab with a knife, to shank.
 * 1)  To stab with a knife, to shank.
 * 1)  To stab with a knife, to shank.
 * 1)  To stab with a knife, to shank.
 * 1)  To stab with a knife, to shank.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  head cook

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) A boss; person in charge, person who directly oversees the work being done

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) A boss, chief, head, leader.
 * 2) A culinary chef, a head cook.
 * 1) A culinary chef, a head cook.

Etymology
, from, from , from , from , ultimately from ,. .

Noun

 * 1)  head
 * 2) article, principal point
 * 3) principal motive, charge, count of indictment
 * 4)  chief; top third of a coat of arms
 * 1) principal motive, charge, count of indictment
 * 2)  chief; top third of a coat of arms
 * 1)  chief; top third of a coat of arms

Noun

 * 1) a boss, chief, leader
 * 2) a culinary chef, chief cook
 * 1) a culinary chef, chief cook

Etymology
, from, from , from , from , from , ultimately from. .

Noun

 * 1)   head cook
 * 2)  a sophisticated cook
 * 1)  a sophisticated cook

Etymology 1
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) A leader, boss, or director; a chief official; one in charge.
 * 2) An authority or source of power; something which controls.
 * 3) The main, important or foundational part of something.
 * 4) The upper or topmost portion of something.
 * 5)  The heraldic chief.

Adjective

 * 1) Chief, head, top-ranking, executive; being in ultimate control.
 * 2) Principal, foremost, predominant, primary; having the greatest importance.
 * 3) High-quality, outstanding, notable, worthy; deserving recognition.
 * 4)  Infamous; grave.

Adverb

 * 1)  Principally, (the) most.

Etymology
From, , from , from , from ,.

Noun

 * 1)  chief

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  the head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant

Etymology
, from. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) (good) disposition, mood
 * 2) desire, wish
 * 3)  appetite
 * 4) whim, caprice
 * 5) shindig, blowout,
 * 6) revelry, binge; by extension, drunkenness
 * 1) revelry, binge; by extension, drunkenness

Etymology
..

Noun

 * , head cook

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) A boss, manager; person in charge, person who directly oversees the work being done

Usage notes
with, see.

title: chef


text:
cherish

Etymology
From, , from , (modern 🇨🇬), from ,  (from , ultimately from ) +.

Verb

 * 1) To treat with affection, care, and tenderness; to nurture or protect with care.
 * 2) To have a deep appreciation of; to hold dear.
 * 3)  To cheer, to gladden.
 * 1) To have a deep appreciation of; to hold dear.
 * 2)  To cheer, to gladden.
 * 1) To have a deep appreciation of; to hold dear.
 * 2)  To cheer, to gladden.
 * 1)  To cheer, to gladden.
 * 1)  To cheer, to gladden.
 * 1)  To cheer, to gladden.
 * 1)  To cheer, to gladden.
 * 1)  To cheer, to gladden.
 * 1)  To cheer, to gladden.
 * 1)  To cheer, to gladden.
 * 1)  To cheer, to gladden.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: грижа се нежно
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician: ,
 * German:
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Latin: foveō
 * Maori: mirā, raupī, matapopore
 * Portuguese:, , ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: altraim
 * Spanish: ,
 * Tagalog: pangalagaan

 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Italian:
 * Maori: matapopore
 * Portuguese: querer bem,
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: ,

title: cherish


text:
chimera

Etymology
Variant of, , & under renewed Latin influence from the 16th century, from , from , from , from , from. In reference to the fish, directly from Latin, used by. In reference to organisms with distinct areas of different genetic makeups, a calque of, used by Hans Winkler in 1907.

Noun

 * , a supposed monster in Lycia with the head of a lion, body of a goat, and tail of a dragon or serpent, killed by the hero Bellerophon.
 * 1) * 1382,, , Prologue, p. 31:
 * ...beestis clepid chymeres, that han a part of ech beest, and suche ben not, no but oonly in opynyoun...
 * 1)  Any fantastic creature combining parts from different animals.
 * 2)  A foolish, incongruous, or vain thought or product of the imagination.
 * 3)  Anything composed of very disparate parts.
 * 4)  A  like a gargoyle, but without a spout for rainwater.
 * 5)  An organism with genetically distinct cells originating from two or more zygotes.
 * , a cartilaginous marine fish in the subclass and especially the order, with a blunt snout, long tail, and a spine before the first dorsal fin.
 * : any terrifying thing, especially as an unreal, imagined threat.
 * 1)  Anything composed of very disparate parts.
 * 2)  A  like a gargoyle, but without a spout for rainwater.
 * 3)  An organism with genetically distinct cells originating from two or more zygotes.
 * , a cartilaginous marine fish in the subclass and especially the order, with a blunt snout, long tail, and a spine before the first dorsal fin.
 * : any terrifying thing, especially as an unreal, imagined threat.
 * 1)  A  like a gargoyle, but without a spout for rainwater.
 * 2)  An organism with genetically distinct cells originating from two or more zygotes.
 * , a cartilaginous marine fish in the subclass and especially the order, with a blunt snout, long tail, and a spine before the first dorsal fin.
 * : any terrifying thing, especially as an unreal, imagined threat.
 * , a cartilaginous marine fish in the subclass and especially the order, with a blunt snout, long tail, and a spine before the first dorsal fin.
 * : any terrifying thing, especially as an unreal, imagined threat.
 * , a cartilaginous marine fish in the subclass and especially the order, with a blunt snout, long tail, and a spine before the first dorsal fin.
 * : any terrifying thing, especially as an unreal, imagined threat.
 * : any terrifying thing, especially as an unreal, imagined threat.

Synonyms

 * ghost shark, ,

Translations

 * Finnish:
 * Persian:
 * Ukrainian: химера

 * Armenian:, , քիմերա
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: ĥimero
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: ciméara
 * Italian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: химера

 * Finnish:
 * Japanese: 寄り合い所帯

 * Finnish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:

 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:, χιμαιρισμός
 * Irish: ciméara
 * Japanese: キメラ
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: химера

 * Esperanto: ĥimero
 * Finnish: sillikuningaskala
 * Italian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * , a kind of shark of the genus Chimaera
 * , a kind of shark of the genus Chimaera

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1)  caprice, fancy, whim
 * 2)  delusion, figment of one's imagination, invention, phantom
 * 3) chimaera,, rabbitfish, ratfish
 * 1)  delusion, figment of one's imagination, invention, phantom
 * 2) chimaera,, rabbitfish, ratfish
 * 1) chimaera,, rabbitfish, ratfish
 * 1) chimaera,, rabbitfish, ratfish

title: chimera


text:
chirp

Etymology
From (attested only in the derivative 🇨🇬,, . Compare  and . More at , . Compare also.

Noun

 * 1) A short, sharp or high note or noise, as of a bird or insect.
 * 2)  A pulse of signal whose frequency sweeps through a band of frequencies for the duration of the pulse.

Translations

 * Arabic: تَغْرِيدَة, تَغْرِيد
 * Egyptian Arabic: تغريدة, تغريد
 * Bulgarian: чуруликане
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish:
 * Esperanto: pepo
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: צִיּוּץ
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Irish: gíog
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: چرکا
 * Latin: pīpiō
 * Maori: waiari
 * Middle English: chirm
 * Persian:
 * Dari: چَرِق
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, , trinado,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: чик-чири́к, , ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: siyap
 * Zazaki: wiçen

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German: Zirpen
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: צִיּוּץ
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: چرکا
 * Maori: kitā
 * Portuguese: cricrilar
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish:
 * Zazaki: wizen

Verb

 * 1)  To make a short, sharp, cheerful note, as of small birds or crickets.
 * 2)  To speak in a high-pitched staccato.
 * 3)  To modify (a pulse of signal) so that it sweeps through a band of frequencies throughout its duration.
 * 4)  To cheer up; to make (someone) happier.
 * 5)  To speak rapid insulting comical banter back and forth.
 * 6)  To inform on someone; snitch.
 * 1)  To inform on someone; snitch.

Translations

 * Arabic: غَرَّدَ
 * Bulgarian: чуруликам
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Czech: švitořit, šveholit,
 * Danish: kvidre, pippe
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: pepi
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:, ,
 * German:, ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: gíog
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Latin: pīpiō, pīpilō
 * Maori: waiari, ketekete, pekī, pīpī
 * Middle English: chirmen
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,, trinar,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: sumiyap

 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: sirittää
 * French: ,
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Maori: kitā, whakakitā
 * Portuguese: cricrilar
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Tagalog: sumiyap

 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Hungarian: ,

title: chirp


text:
chlorination

Noun

 * 1) (chemistry) The act or process of chlorinating something; especially, the addition of chlorine to water to purify it, and a process for the extraction of gold by exposure of the auriferous material to chlorine gas.

Translations

 * Catalan: cloració
 * Czech: chlorace
 * Galician:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian: clorazione
 * Marathi: क्लोरिनीकरण
 * Turkish:

title: chlorination


text:
Christianization

Etymology
Analyzable as or.

Noun

 * 1) The act or process of converting or being converted to Christianity.

Translations

 * Arabic: تَمْسِيح, تَنْصِير
 * Belarusian: хрысціяніза́цыя
 * Catalan: cristianització
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 基督教化
 * Czech: christianizace
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: kristanigo
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Indonesian: kristenisasi, pengkristenan
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: キリスト教化
 * Korean: 기독교화(基督敎化)
 * Malay: kristianisasi, pengkristianan
 * Maori: whakakaraitianatanga
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: cristianización
 * Tagalog: samakakristo, pagsasakristiyano
 * Ukrainian: християніза́ція

title: Christianization


text:
churlish

Etymology
From, , from late , , equivalent to.

Adjective

 * 1) Of or pertaining to a serf, peasant, or rustic.
 * 2) * 1996, Jeet Heer, Gravitas, Autumn 1996
 * the eloquence and truth of his tribute stands in marked contrast to Kramer's churlish caricature of Kael as a happy pig wallowing in the dirt.
 * 1) Rude, surly, ungracious.
 * 2) Stingy or grudging.
 * 3)  Difficult to till, lacking pliancy; unmanageable.
 * 4) * 1730–1774, Oliver Goldsmith, Introductory to Switzerland
 * Where the bleak Swiss their stormy mansion tread,
 * And force a churlish soil for scanty bread.
 * 1)  Difficult to till, lacking pliancy; unmanageable.
 * 2) * 1730–1774, Oliver Goldsmith, Introductory to Switzerland
 * Where the bleak Swiss their stormy mansion tread,
 * And force a churlish soil for scanty bread.
 * And force a churlish soil for scanty bread.

Translations

 * Dutch:
 * Norwegian: bondsk
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: paleto, ,

 * Armenian: ,
 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech: neurvalý,, neotesaný, buranský
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:, ,
 * German:, , ,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Irish: bodúil, tútach
 * Italian:
 * Korean: 야비한
 * Maori: toukeke, houkeke, hōkeke
 * Norwegian:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: poco afable, ,

 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch: ,
 * German: ,
 * Russian:

 * Russian: труднообраба́тываемая по́чва

title: churlish


text:
chute

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) A framework, trough, or tube, upon or through which objects are made to slide from a higher to a lower level, or through which water passes to a wheel.
 * 2) A waterfall or rapid.
 * 3) The pen in which an animal is confined before being released in a rodeo.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:, ,
 * German:, , , , , , , Treibgang, , , , Schussrinne, Wasserrutsche, Wasserrutschbahn,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:, , csúsztatópálya, , , ledobó
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:, ,

 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:, surrantó,

 * French:

Noun

 * 1)  A parachute.
 * 2)  A spinnaker.
 * 1)  A spinnaker.
 * 1)  A spinnaker.
 * 1)  A spinnaker.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: ,
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: па̏добра̄н
 * Roman:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:

Verb

 * 1)  To parachute.

Etymology 1
From a merger of, (from ) and  (from ), both feminine past participles of , whence modern  (compare ).

Noun

 * 1) fall
 * 2) fall, drop (e.g. in price)
 * 3) fall, collapse, downfall
 * 4) waterfall
 * 5) punch line conclusion of a joke or a story; the last words that bring the comic effect
 * 6) final part of an ensemble or a shape
 * 1) waterfall
 * 2) punch line conclusion of a joke or a story; the last words that bring the comic effect
 * 3) final part of an ensemble or a shape
 * 1) punch line conclusion of a joke or a story; the last words that bring the comic effect
 * 2) final part of an ensemble or a shape
 * 1) final part of an ensemble or a shape

Etymology 1
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  kick

Etymology 1
..

Noun

 * 1)  shot of heroin
 * 2)  a  person; a

Etymology 3
shute.

title: chute


text:
ciliate

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  Ciliated.
 * 2) Of or pertaining to the eyelash.

Noun

 * 1)  Any of many protozoa, of the phylum, that have many cilia.

Translations

 * Catalan: ciliat
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * Galician: ciliado
 * Greek: βλεφαριδοφόρο
 * Polish: orzęsek
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

title: ciliate