text:
etymology

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from and , from.

Noun

 * 1)   The scientific study of the origin and evolution of a word's semantic meaning across time, including its constituent morphemes and phonemes.
 * 2)   The entire catalogue of meanings that a word, morpheme, or sign has carried throughout its history; lit. the logic of the etymon.
 * 3)   An account of the origin and historical development of a word as presented in a dictionary or the like.
 * 4)  The direct origin of a name, as in who someone was named after.
 * 1)   An account of the origin and historical development of a word as presented in a dictionary or the like.
 * 2)  The direct origin of a name, as in who someone was named after.
 * 1)  The direct origin of a name, as in who someone was named after.
 * 1)  The direct origin of a name, as in who someone was named after.

Usage notes

 * Not to be confused with or.
 * Not to be confused with the origin of the object or person the word refers to.

Translations

 * Afrikaans:
 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: تَأْثِيل, عِلْم تَأْثِيل
 * Aragonese: etimolochía
 * Armenian:
 * Aromanian:
 * Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܐܵܛܘܿܡܘܿܠܘܿܓ݂ܝܼܵܐ, ܡܲܒܗܘܼܬ ܡܸܠܹ̈ܐ
 * Asturian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Basque: etimologia
 * Belarusian: этымало́гія, этымалёгія
 * Bengali:
 * Breton: etimologiezh
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Carpathian Rusyn: етимоло́ґия
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 語源學
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Corsican:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: etimologio
 * Estonian:
 * Faroese: orðaupprunafrøði
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἐτυμολογία
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: व्युत्पत्ति, व्युत्पत्तिशास्त्र
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:
 * Interlingua:
 * Irish: sanasaíocht
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kannada:
 * Kazakh: этимология
 * Khmer: និរុត្តិសាស្ត្រ
 * Korean: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Latin: etymologia
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Luxembourgish: Etymologie
 * Macedonian: етимоло́гија
 * Malay:
 * Malayalam:
 * Maltese:
 * Marathi: व्युत्पत्तीशास्त्र
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: үгийн гаралзүй, этимологи
 * Mongolian: ᠦᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ, ᠡᠲᠢᠮᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ
 * Navajo: bizhiʼígíí
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: etymologi
 * Occitan:
 * Pashto: اشتقاق پوهنه, فقه اللغت, ګړيستنه
 * Persian:
 * Iranian Persian:, واژِه‌پَژوهی, عِلْمِ اِشْتِقاق,
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Sanskrit:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: етимоло̀гија
 * Roman:
 * Sicilian:
 * Sinhalese: නිරුක්ති විද්‍යාව
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili: etimolojia
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: palamuhatan, panuysuyan,
 * Tajik:, решашиносӣ
 * Tamil:
 * Telugu:
 * Thai: ศัพทมูลวิทยา
 * Tigrinya: ፍልቀተ-ቃል
 * Turkish: ,
 * Turkmen: etimologiýa
 * Ukrainian:
 * Urdu: اِشْتِقاقِیات, صَرْف
 * Uyghur: ئېتمولوگىيە, ئېتىمولوگىيە
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese: (詞源學),  (詞源)
 * Volapük:
 * Welsh:, geirdarddeg
 * Yiddish:
 * Yoruba: ìmọ̀ orírun-ọ̀rọ̀, ẹ̀kọ́ orírun-ọ̀rọ̀

 * Arabic: إِشْتِقَاق, تَأْثِيل
 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: этымало́гія, этымалёгія
 * Breton: etimologiezh
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Carpathian Rusyn: етимоло́ґия
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, , ,
 * Corsican:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: etimo, vortodeveno
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian:
 * German:, ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἐτυμολογία
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:, , , , szóeredet, eredeztetés
 * Icelandic: orðsifjar
 * Irish: sanasaíocht
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Khmer: មូលសព្ទ, ដើមកំណើតពាក្យ
 * Korean:
 * Latin: etymologia
 * Latvian:
 * Luxembourgish: Etymologie
 * Macedonian: етимологија
 * Malayalam:
 * Manx: bun-ocklaght
 * Maori: mātai kupu
 * Marathi: व्युत्पत्ती
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: үгийн гарал
 * Mongolian: ᠦᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯ
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: etymologi
 * Occitan:
 * Old English: namena ordfruma
 * Pashto:
 * Persian:
 * Iranian Persian:, واژِه‌پَژوهی, عِلْمِ اِشْتِقاق, ,
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Sanskrit: व्युत्तपत्ति
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: етимоло̀гија
 * Roman: }}
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog:
 * Tajik: иштиқоқ,, решашиносӣ
 * Tamil:
 * Thai: ศัพทมูล,
 * Turkish:, , köken bilgisi
 * Ukrainian:
 * Urdu:
 * Uyghur: ئېتىمولوگىيە
 * Venetian:
 * Vietnamese: (詞源)
 * Welsh:
 * Wolof:
 * Yoruba: orírun-ọ̀rọ̀

 * Afrikaans:
 * Estonian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Interlingua:
 * Latin:
 * Sindhi:

title: etymology


text:
swap

Etymology 1
From, originally meaning "to hurl" or "to strike", the word alludes to striking hands together when making an exchange; probably from , a secondary form of. Cognate with 🇨🇬. Compare also, from ,. More at.

Verb

 * 1)  To exchange or give (something) in an exchange (for something else).
 * 2)  To hit, to strike.
 * 3)  To beat the air, or ply the wings, with a sweeping motion or noise; to flap.
 * 4)  To descend or fall; to rush hastily or violently.
 * 1)  To hit, to strike.
 * 2)  To beat the air, or ply the wings, with a sweeping motion or noise; to flap.
 * 3)  To descend or fall; to rush hastily or violently.
 * 1)  To beat the air, or ply the wings, with a sweeping motion or noise; to flap.
 * 2)  To descend or fall; to rush hastily or violently.
 * 1)  To descend or fall; to rush hastily or violently.

Synonyms

 * , ; See also Thesaurus:switch
 * ,, ; See also Thesaurus:hit
 * ,, ; See also Thesaurus:rush
 * ,, ; See also Thesaurus:rush

Translations

 * Afrikaans: ruil
 * Arabic:
 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Cornish: keschanjya
 * Czech:, prohodit
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish:, tehdä vaihtokauppa
 * French:
 * Georgian: გაცვლა
 * German:, , ,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:, , ,
 * Italian:, , ,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Khmer: ប្តូរ
 * Korean:
 * Lao:
 * Latvian: mainīt
 * Maltese: partat
 * Maori: whakawhiti, whakawhitiwhiti, kurutete
 * Mongolian:
 * Norman: trotchi
 * Occitan:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:, intercambiar
 * Russian:, , , ,
 * Spanish:, , , ,
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: magpalitan, magbaligyaan
 * Thai:
 * Tibetan:
 * Turkish: ,
 * Vietnamese:
 * Welsh: ymgyfnewid

Etymology 2
From the verb. .

Noun

 * 1) An exchange of two comparable things.
 * 2)  A financial derivative in which two parties agree to exchange one stream of cashflow against another stream.
 * 3)  Space available in a swap file for use as auxiliary memory.
 * 4)  A social meal at a restaurant between two university societies, usually involving drinking and banter; commonly associated with fining and pennying; equivalent to a crewdate at.
 * 1)  A social meal at a restaurant between two university societies, usually involving drinking and banter; commonly associated with fining and pennying; equivalent to a crewdate at.
 * 1)  A social meal at a restaurant between two university societies, usually involving drinking and banter; commonly associated with fining and pennying; equivalent to a crewdate at.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: ruil
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan: bescanvi,, troc
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:, ,
 * Japanese: 取り替え, ,
 * Korean:
 * Latvian: maiņa
 * Maltese: bdil
 * Maori: kurutete, whiti
 * Occitan:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Tagalog: palitan, baligyaan
 * Vietnamese:

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Finnish: vaihtosopimus,
 * German: Swap
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:, , permuta financiera

Etymology 3
From, , from the verb (see Etymology 1 above).

Noun

 * 1)  A blow; a stroke.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  swap financial derivative
 * 2)  swap auxiliary memory

Derived terms

 * verbs:

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: swap


text:
Talk:barter

Question: What is troc French for? Which definition does it pertain to? I don't think we can simply have a ==Translations== section. To be useful translations need to be indexed to the actual English definition. --mav

 * Troc is for exchange of good without money. I hope that template would come soon. You're right it may cause problems whith polysemic words (a word whith several meanings) -- Youssefsan

 * Unless somebody is going to run a bot soon, I think it is OK, in fact best, that we just experiment and see what is going to work with all the things we want to do. Wiktionary is going to be far more than just a dictionary so we need to work on developing a great template - this will take time for us to work to bugs out. We also need to figure out what our primary sources will be for all the information types we want to have. I personaly like WordNet's dictionary (this is what I have been using) but I'm not sure if their license will work with the GNU FDL. --mav

Question: Is it technically possible to make a link to wiktionaries in other languages? It would be interesting to discover the difficult problem of the ethymology of this word through them. -- olivierChaussavoine

2. (intransitive) to haggle over the terms of such an exchange; bargain
Can anybody confirm this? https://www.wordreference.com/definition/barter --Backinstadiums (talk) 16:14, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:barter


text:
swop

Noun

 * 1) A fusion of swing and hip-hop dance styles.

title: swop


text:
polysemic

Adjective

 * 1)  Having a number of meanings, interpretations or understandings.

title: polysemic


text:
trade

Etymology
From, introduced into English by Hanseatic merchants, from , from , from , and cognate with 🇨🇬; ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1)  Buying and selling of goods and services on a market.
 * 2)  A particular instance of buying or selling.
 * 3)  An instance of bartering items in exchange for one another.
 * 4)  Those who perform a particular kind of skilled work.
 * 5)  Those engaged in an industry or group of related industries.
 * 6)  The skilled practice of a practical occupation.
 * 7) * 1969, Paul Simon, Simon & Garfunkel, “The Boxer”, Bridge over Troubled Water, Columbia Records:
 * In the clearing stands a boxer and a fighter by his trade
 * 1)  An occupation in the secondary sector, as opposed to an agricultural, professional or military one.
 * 2)  The business given to a commercial establishment by its customers.
 * 3)  Steady winds blowing from east to west above and below the equator.
 * 4)  A publication intended for participants in an industry or related group of industries.
 * 5)  A masculine man available for casual sex with men, often for pay.
 * 6)  Instruments of any occupation.
 * 7)  Refuse or rubbish from a mine.
 * 8)  A track or trail; a way; a path; passage.
 * 9)  Course; custom; practice; occupation.
 * 1)  An occupation in the secondary sector, as opposed to an agricultural, professional or military one.
 * 2)  The business given to a commercial establishment by its customers.
 * 3)  Steady winds blowing from east to west above and below the equator.
 * 4)  A publication intended for participants in an industry or related group of industries.
 * 5)  A masculine man available for casual sex with men, often for pay.
 * 6)  Instruments of any occupation.
 * 7)  Refuse or rubbish from a mine.
 * 8)  A track or trail; a way; a path; passage.
 * 9)  Course; custom; practice; occupation.
 * 1)  Steady winds blowing from east to west above and below the equator.
 * 2)  A publication intended for participants in an industry or related group of industries.
 * 3)  A masculine man available for casual sex with men, often for pay.
 * 4)  Instruments of any occupation.
 * 5)  Refuse or rubbish from a mine.
 * 6)  A track or trail; a way; a path; passage.
 * 7)  Course; custom; practice; occupation.
 * 1)  Instruments of any occupation.
 * 2)  Refuse or rubbish from a mine.
 * 3)  A track or trail; a way; a path; passage.
 * 4)  Course; custom; practice; occupation.
 * 1)  Refuse or rubbish from a mine.
 * 2)  A track or trail; a way; a path; passage.
 * 3)  Course; custom; practice; occupation.
 * 1)  Course; custom; practice; occupation.
 * 1)  Course; custom; practice; occupation.
 * 1)  Course; custom; practice; occupation.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: ruil,
 * Albanian:
 * Amharic: ንግድ
 * Arabic: تِجَارَة
 * Armenian:
 * Assamese: বেহাবেপাৰ, বেপাৰ, বেহা
 * Azerbaijani: ,
 * Bashkir: сауҙа
 * Belarusian:, каме́рцыя, тарго́ўля
 * Bengali:, ,
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:, ,
 * Buryat: наймаан
 * Catalan:
 * Chechen: махлелор, йохкар эцар
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 貿易
 * Eastern Min: 貿易
 * Hakka: 貿易
 * Hokkien:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Wu: 貿易
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: komerco
 * Estonian: kaubandus
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician: ,
 * Georgian: ვაჭრობა
 * German:, Kommerz
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἐμπορία
 * Gujarati:
 * Hausa: ,
 * Hebrew: ,
 * Hindi:, ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: ,
 * Indonesian:
 * Ingrian: kauppa
 * Irish: tráchtáil
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, , ,
 * Kannada:
 * Kazakh: сауда, коммерция
 * Khmer:, ,
 * Korean:, , ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: ,
 * Kyrgyz:, коммерция
 * Lao: ,
 * Latin: commercium
 * Latvian: tirgošanās,, komercija
 * Lithuanian:, komercija
 * Macedonian: трговија, комерција
 * Malay:
 * Malayalam:
 * Maltese: kummerċ
 * Manchu: ᠮᠠᡳᠮᠠᠨ
 * Marathi: वाणिज्य
 * Middle English: chaffare
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: ,
 * Navajo: naʼiiniʼ
 * Ngazidja Comorian: ɓiashara
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: handel
 * Old English: ġemangian
 * Oromo: daldala
 * Ossetian: базар
 * Pali: vaṇijjā
 * Pashto: ,
 * Persian: ,
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Sanskrit:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: трго̀вина
 * Roman:
 * Shor: садығ
 * Sinhalese:
 * Slovak: obchod
 * Slovene:
 * Somali: ganacsi
 * Spanish:, , compraventa
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog: baliwasan, kalakalan
 * Tajik: тиҷорат, савдо
 * Tamil:
 * Tatar:
 * Telugu: ,
 * Thai: พาณิชย์, ,
 * Tibetan: རྗེ བརྗེ བརྗེས བརྗེས
 * Tocharian B: karyor
 * Turkish:, , , satmanlık, satkanlık
 * Turkmen: söwda
 * Ukrainian: торгі́вля,
 * Urdu: تجارت, سودا
 * Uyghur: تىجارەت, سودا
 * Uzbek:, ,
 * Vietnamese:, ,
 * Yakut: эргиэн, атыы
 * Yiddish: האַנדל
 * Zhuang: gaicawx, mouyiz

 * Afrikaans:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:, byttehandel
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: negoco
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician: ,
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Ingrian: kauppa
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Macedonian: тргување
 * Middle English: chaffare
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ра̑змена, ра̑змјена, и̏змена, и̏змјена
 * Roman: rȃzmena,, ,
 * Swahili:
 * Tagalog: baliwasan
 * Turkish: ,

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:, troco
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Korean:
 * Latvian: kaulēšanās
 * Plautdietsch: Schacha
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Turkish:, ödeşim,

 * Finnish: ammattikunta,
 * French:
 * Galician: ,
 * German:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Turkish:

 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Hungarian:, , ,

 * Afrikaans: ambag
 * Armenian:
 * Bashkir: һөнәр
 * Bulgarian: занаятие,
 * Czech: ,
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ammattitaito,
 * French:
 * Galician:, mestría
 * German:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Italian:
 * Korean:
 * Macedonian: занает, струка
 * Maori: mahi-ā-rehe
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: ,
 * Ottoman Turkish: صنعت
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: за̀на̄т
 * Roman:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Turkish: ,

 * Finnish: ammattityö

 * Arabic: تِجَارَة
 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Japanese:
 * Manx: cochionneeaght
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: трго̀вина
 * Roman:
 * Vietnamese:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech:
 * Finnish: ,
 * German: Passat, Passatwind
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Russian:

 * Finnish: ammattilehti, ammattijulkaisu
 * French:
 * Hungarian: ,

 * Czech:
 * Finnish:
 * Hungarian:

 * Finnish:

 * Finnish:

 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish:

 * Esperanto: kutimo
 * Finnish:, ,

 * Dutch:
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Romanian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:

Verb

 * 1)  To engage in trade.
 * 2)  To be traded at a certain price or under certain conditions.
 * 3)  To give (something) in exchange (for).
 * 4)  To mutually exchange (something) (with).
 * 5)  To use or exploit a particular aspect, such as a name, reputation, or image, to gain advantage or benefit.
 * 6)  To give someone a plant and receive a different one in return.
 * 7)  To do business; offer for sale as for one's livelihood.
 * 8)  To have dealings; to be concerned or associated (with).
 * 9)  To recommend and get recommendations.
 * 1)  To mutually exchange (something) (with).
 * 2)  To use or exploit a particular aspect, such as a name, reputation, or image, to gain advantage or benefit.
 * 3)  To give someone a plant and receive a different one in return.
 * 4)  To do business; offer for sale as for one's livelihood.
 * 5)  To have dealings; to be concerned or associated (with).
 * 6)  To recommend and get recommendations.
 * 1)  To use or exploit a particular aspect, such as a name, reputation, or image, to gain advantage or benefit.
 * 2)  To give someone a plant and receive a different one in return.
 * 3)  To do business; offer for sale as for one's livelihood.
 * 4)  To have dealings; to be concerned or associated (with).
 * 5)  To recommend and get recommendations.
 * 1)  To have dealings; to be concerned or associated (with).
 * 2)  To recommend and get recommendations.
 * 1)  To recommend and get recommendations.
 * 1)  To recommend and get recommendations.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Cherokee: ᎠᏓᏍᏕᏓᎵᏴᎡᎭ
 * Finnish: käydä kauppaa
 * French:
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍀𐍉𐌽
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian: ,
 * Old English: ġemangian
 * Old Javanese: dagaṅ
 * Oromo: daldaluu
 * Ottoman Turkish: صاتمق
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:, byteshandla
 * Tai Dam: ꪁ꫁ꪱ

 * Finnish: ; olla listautunut

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: interŝanĝi
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: ყიდის, გადაცვლის
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Italian: ,
 * Korean: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Turkish: alıp satmak,, değiş tokuş etmek

 * Russian:, ,

 * Finnish:

 * Finnish:

 * Finnish: olla tekemisissä

Adjective

 * 1) Of a product, produced for sale in the ordinary bulk retail trade and hence of only the most basic quality.

Etymology 1
From, independently attested (14th century); from , used by. Probably from or from, from.

Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) auger

title: trade


text:
Talk:polysemic

There are more than a few floating around. Unfortunately one of them is fully occupied in sorting through a morass of typos and orthographical inexactitudes.. ;-) user:sjc
 * Thanks for your correction sjc. I make a lot of spelling errors. -- Youssefsan

title: Talk:polysemic


text:
Talk:trade

Untitled
Hello. Is it a challenge or a way to show that I have better to avoid translating for the moment. If it is a test I will try.

There is unfortunately one problem, when pepole change the order of the #, then you the translations have to be sorted out.

Regards

Youssefsan

 * Perhaps translations can be inline in the same way as the synonyms are? Maybe we could use curly brackets {} or even parenthesis ? --mav
 * Good ideas -- youssefsan

Hi. I have a question on category of speech. Is trade in trade union an adjective or a noun ? If the answer is adjective is space in space station an adjective or noun ?

Well, it was just to suggest a new category in the template : I am for putting all compound words in a seperate section after verbs (ex: trade union) like my paper English dictionary.

-- Youssef

 * It's like the "book" in "bookstore", just part of the compound noun. --Brion VIBBER 07:59 Dec 14, 2002 (UTC)

 * Grammatically, trade in trade union (like space in space station) is an "attributive" -- that is, it is a noun being used attributively as an adjective.

 * In English, virtually any noun can be used in this way. For example, book -- in book lover, book store etc.; city in city streets, city park, city payroll, etc.; translation in translation workshop, etc.; girl in girl talk, girl trouble etc. Calling it a compound noun is not incorrect, but that term does not really cover the full range of possibilities; better to use the grammatical term attributive noun.

 * Finally, since virtually all English nouns can be used attributively, there is usually no need to create separate sections for the "adjectival" use of each noun. However, if a particular two-noun phrase (such as trade union) is frequently used, it may deserve an entry of its own, with links from each component noun. --Potosino 05:48, 9 November 2010 (UTC)

Tea room discussion
I'm looking for the etymology behind trade, and this page seems quite helpful, except all the abbreviations. What are M.Du., M.L.G. and O.E. supposed to mean? --Jackofclubs 14:24, 14 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Middle Dutch, Middle Low German, Old English, respectively. The templates, , and or  (only for the last) are how we would show those origins. Rather than risk inadvertently violating the copyright of the wonderful site you consulted, you might insert  or  to request an etymology. The formatting and templates also make it tricky to do an etymology that doesn't have to be edited. DCDuring TALK 14:54, 14 June 2008 (UTC)

 * I inserted what I could find from multiple sources. The OEtyD etymology is worth an external link in this case, IMO. DCDuring TALK 15:14, 14 June 2008 (UTC)

 * So shouldn't this info be in the entry? --Slomox 00:45, 30 April 2009 (UTC)

"read the trades"
What does "read the trades" mean? Is a trade a kind of newspaper? Equinox ◑ 21:21, 27 May 2010 (UTC)
 * Yes - short for . SemperBlotto 21:24, 27 May 2010 (UTC)
 * I have never heard it in the singular in that sense. DCDuring TALK 22:34, 27 May 2010 (UTC)

work in commerce
work in commerce as opposed to a profession graduates going into trade Microsoft® Encarta® 2009 --Backinstadiums (talk) 17:54, 3 April 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:trade


text:
quid pro quo

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) Something which is understood as something else; an equivocation.
 * 2)  Substitution of one drug for another.
 * 3) Something which is offered or asked for in exchange for something else.
 * 4) A usually non-monetary exchange transaction, or series or process of exchange transactions.
 * 5) An equal or fair transaction or series of process of exchange transactions; tit for tat.
 * 1) Something which is offered or asked for in exchange for something else.
 * 2) A usually non-monetary exchange transaction, or series or process of exchange transactions.
 * 3) An equal or fair transaction or series of process of exchange transactions; tit for tat.
 * 1) Something which is offered or asked for in exchange for something else.
 * 2) A usually non-monetary exchange transaction, or series or process of exchange transactions.
 * 3) An equal or fair transaction or series of process of exchange transactions; tit for tat.
 * 1) A usually non-monetary exchange transaction, or series or process of exchange transactions.
 * 2) An equal or fair transaction or series of process of exchange transactions; tit for tat.
 * 1) A usually non-monetary exchange transaction, or series or process of exchange transactions.
 * 2) An equal or fair transaction or series of process of exchange transactions; tit for tat.
 * 1) A usually non-monetary exchange transaction, or series or process of exchange transactions.
 * 2) An equal or fair transaction or series of process of exchange transactions; tit for tat.
 * 1) An equal or fair transaction or series of process of exchange transactions; tit for tat.
 * 1) An equal or fair transaction or series of process of exchange transactions; tit for tat.
 * 1) An equal or fair transaction or series of process of exchange transactions; tit for tat.
 * 1) An equal or fair transaction or series of process of exchange transactions; tit for tat.
 * 1) An equal or fair transaction or series of process of exchange transactions; tit for tat.
 * 1) An equal or fair transaction or series of process of exchange transactions; tit for tat.
 * 1) An equal or fair transaction or series of process of exchange transactions; tit for tat.
 * 1) An equal or fair transaction or series of process of exchange transactions; tit for tat.

 * 1)  Sexual harassment in which a person in a workplace implicitly or explicitly requires  sexual favours in exchange for something.
 * 1)  Sexual harassment in which a person in a workplace implicitly or explicitly requires  sexual favours in exchange for something.
 * 1)  Sexual harassment in which a person in a workplace implicitly or explicitly requires  sexual favours in exchange for something.
 * 1)  Sexual harassment in which a person in a workplace implicitly or explicitly requires  sexual favours in exchange for something.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Hebrew: דבר כנגד דבר
 * Italian:, quiproquò
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, кипроко́

 * Finnish:

 * Arabic: واحدة بواحدة
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Polish: coś za coś

 * Arabic:
 * Libyan Arabic: أعطيني نعطيك
 * Finnish:
 * Latin: dō ut dēs

 * Swedish: tjänster och gentjänster

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Hungarian:, , ,
 * Italian:
 * Russian:, , ,

title: quid pro quo


text:
verb

Etymology
From, directly from , reinforced by , from. .

Noun

 * 1)  A word that indicates an action, event, or state of being.
 * 2)  Any word; a vocable.
 * 3)  An action as opposed to a trait or thing.
 * 4)  A named command that performs a specific operation on an object.
 * 1)  An action as opposed to a trait or thing.
 * 2)  A named command that performs a specific operation on an object.
 * 1)  A named command that performs a specific operation on an object.
 * 1)  A named command that performs a specific operation on an object.

Usage notes
Verbs compose a fundamental category of words in most languages. In an English clause, a verb forms the head of the predicate of the clause. In many languages, verbs uniquely conjugate for tense and aspect.

Hyponyms

 * See: Thesaurus:verb

Derived terms

 * See also: Thesaurus:verb

Translations

 * Afrikaans:
 * Albanian:
 * Amharic:
 * Arabic:
 * Egyptian Arabic: فعل
 * Aragonese:
 * Aramaic:
 * Hebrew: מלתא
 * Syriac: ܡܠܬܐ
 * Armenian:
 * Assamese: ক্ৰিয়া
 * Asturian:
 * Aymara: parliri
 * Azerbaijani: fe'l, feil
 * Bashkir: ҡылым
 * Basque: aditz
 * Belarusian: дзеясло́ў
 * Bengali: ,
 * Bikol Central: panhiro
 * Bishnupriya Manipuri:
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Carpathian Rusyn: часослова
 * Catalan:
 * Chechen: хандош
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 動詞
 * Hakka: 動詞
 * Hokkien:
 * Mandarin:
 * Chuvash: глагол
 * Crimean Tatar: fiil
 * Czech:
 * Danish: ,
 * Dhivehi: ކއަނ
 * Dutch:
 * Erzya: теввал, теемавал
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian:, pöördsõna,
 * Ewe: dɔwɔnya
 * Extremaduran:
 * Faroese:
 * Finnish: ,
 * Franco-Provençal:
 * French:
 * Friulian:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian:
 * German:, , , , Wandelwort, /,
 * Middle High German: wort
 * Middle High German / Early New High German: wort
 * Old High German: wort
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ῥῆμα
 * Greenlandic: oqaluut
 * Gujarati: ક્રિયાપદ
 * Hausa: fi'ili
 * Hawaiian: haʻina
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: ,
 * Ido:
 * Igbo: ngwaa
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Interlingua:
 * Irish:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Javanese: kriyo
 * Kalmyk: үүлдәгч
 * Kannada:
 * Kapampangan: pangdiua, paglindayug
 * Kashmiri: کرٛاوُت
 * Kashubian: czasnik
 * Kazakh: етістік
 * Khmer: កិរិយាស័ព្ទ,
 * Korean:
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: کردار
 * Northern Kurdish: ,
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Lao:, ກິລິຍາ
 * Latin:, verbum temporale
 * Latvian:, , norisenis
 * Ligurian: vèrbo
 * Limburgish:, vèrb
 * Lingala: likelelo
 * Lithuanian:
 * Low German:
 * German Low German: Doonwoard,
 * Macedonian: гла́гол
 * Malay:
 * Malayalam:
 * Maltese:
 * Maori:, tūmahi
 * Marathi: क्रियापद
 * Middle English: verbe
 * Mirandese: berbo
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Mongolian: ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠦᠭᠡ
 * Navajo: áhátʼíinii
 * Nepali:
 * Newar: यासु
 * Norman: vèrbe
 * Northern Sami: vearba
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: ,
 * Occitan:
 * Odia:
 * Ojibwe: doodamowi-ikidowin
 * Old English:
 * Pali:
 * Pashto:
 * Persian:
 * Dari:
 * Iranian Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Punjabi:
 * Gurmukhi: ਕਿਰਿਆ
 * Quechua: ruray rimana
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Rwanda-Rundi:
 * Samogitian: veikruodis
 * Sanskrit: ,
 * Scots: verb
 * Scottish Gaelic: gnìomhair
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: гла̏гол
 * Roman:
 * Sicilian:
 * Sindhi:
 * Sinhalese: ක්රියා පද, ක්රියාව
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Somali: fal
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: werb
 * Upper Sorbian: werb, słowjeso
 * Southern Sami: darjomebaakoe, veerbe
 * Spanish:
 * Sundanese: kecap pagawean
 * Swahili:
 * Swazi:
 * Swedish:, handlingsord, syssleord
 * Tagalog:
 * Tajik:
 * Tamil:
 * Tatar:
 * Telugu:
 * Thai: ,
 * Tigrinya: ግሲ
 * Turkish: ,
 * Turkmen:
 * Ukrainian:
 * Urdu: فِعْل
 * Uyghur: پېئىل
 * Uzbek:
 * Venetian: verbo
 * Vietnamese: (動詞)
 * Volapük:
 * Walloon:
 * Welsh:
 * West Frisian:
 * Wolof:
 * Xhosa:
 * Yiddish:, צײַטוואָרט
 * Yoruba: ọ̀rọ̀-ìṣe
 * Zazaki:, ,
 * Zhuang: dungswz
 * Zulu:

Verb

 * 1)  To use any word that is or was not a verb (especially a noun) as if it were a verb.
 * 2) * a. 1981 Feb 22, unknown Guardian editor as quoted by William Safire, On Language, in New York Times, pSM3
 * Haig, in congressional hearings before his confirmatory, paradoxed his auditioners by abnormalling his responds so that verbs were nouned, nouns verbed and adjectives adverbised. He techniqued a new way to vocabulary his thoughts so as to informationally uncertain anybody listening about what he had actually implicationed....
 * 1)  To perform any action that is normally expressed by a verb.
 * 1)  To perform any action that is normally expressed by a verb.
 * 1)  To perform any action that is normally expressed by a verb.
 * 1)  To perform any action that is normally expressed by a verb.

Etymology
From.

Etymology
.

Etymology
From.

Etymology
From.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) verb

title: verb


text:
adjective

Etymology
From, , from , from , from + , from  +. The Latin word in turn was a calque of, a derivative of the compound verb , from which also comes.

Noun

 * 1)   A word that modifies a noun  or noun phrase or describes a noun’s referent.
 * 2)  A dependent; an accessory.
 * 1)  A dependent; an accessory.
 * 1)  A dependent; an accessory.

Synonyms

 * See Thesaurus:adjective

Translations

 * Afrikaans:
 * Albanian:, adjektiv
 * Amharic:
 * Arabic: نَعْت,
 * Aragonese:
 * Aramaic: גדשניא
 * Armenian:
 * Assamese:
 * Asturian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bashkir: сифат
 * Basque: adjektibo, izenondo
 * Bavarian:
 * Belarusian: прыме́тнік
 * Bengali:
 * Bikol Central: panladawan, panmidbid
 * Bishnupriya Manipuri:
 * Breton: ,
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Burmese:
 * Buryat: тэмдэгэй нэрэ
 * Catalan:
 * Cebuano:
 * Chechen: билгалдош
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 形容詞
 * Hokkien: 形容詞
 * Mandarin:
 * Chuvash: паллӑ ячӗ
 * Cornish: hanow gwan
 * Corsican: agettivu, ,
 * Crimean Tatar: sıfat
 * Czech:
 * Danish:, egenskabsord, tillægsord
 * Dhivehi:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Erzya: раствал
 * Esperanto: ,
 * Estonian: omadussõna,
 * Faroese:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Old French: nons adjectyfs
 * Friulian: agetîv
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ზედსართავი სახელი
 * German:, , , , Beschreibungswort
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἐπίθετον, ἐπιθετικόν
 * Greenlandic: pissusilerissut
 * Hausa:
 * Hawaiian: haʻiʻano
 * Hebrew: שם תואר
 * Hindi: बिशेषण,
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:, ,
 * Interlingua:
 * Irish:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Javanese:tembung kahanan, tembung sipat
 * Kannada:
 * Kashmiri : باوُت
 * Kashubian: przëdownik
 * Kazakh: сын есім
 * Khmer: ,
 * Korean:
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Lao: ຄຳຄຸນນາມ
 * Latin: (nōmen) adiectīvum
 * Latvian: ,
 * Limburgish: bievooglik naamwaord
 * Lingala: likonzámí
 * Lithuanian:
 * Low German:
 * German Low German: Adjektiv
 * Luganda:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Macedonian: придавка
 * Malay:, kata keadaan,
 * Malayalam:
 * Maltese:
 * Manx: marennym
 * Maori: kupuāhua
 * Marathi: विशेषण
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic:, тэмдэг үг
 * Mongolian: ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ, ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ
 * Nepali:
 * Norman: adjectif
 * Northern Sami: adjektiiva
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:, eigenskapsord, tilleggsord
 * Nynorsk:, eigenskapsord, tilleggsord
 * Occitan:
 * Odia:
 * Old English: tōġeīecendlīċ
 * Pali: visesana
 * Pashto:
 * Persian:
 * Dari:
 * Iranian Persian:
 * Plautdietsch: Ieejenschoftswuat
 * Polish:, adiektyw
 * Portuguese:
 * Quechua: sutip rampaqnin
 * Romagnol:
 * Romani:
 * Kalo Finnish Romani: adjektiivos
 * Romanian:
 * Romansch: adjectiv
 * Russian: ,
 * Rwanda-Rundi:
 * Sanskrit:
 * Scots: adjective
 * Scottish Gaelic: buadhair
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: при́дев,  при́дјев
 * Roman: prídev,
 * Sicilian: aggittivi
 * Sindhi:
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Somali:
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: adjektiw
 * Upper Sorbian: adjektiw
 * Southern Altai: јарталгыш
 * Spanish:
 * Sundanese: adjéktif
 * Swahili: kivumishi,
 * Swedish:, , tilläggsord
 * Tagalog:
 * Tajik:
 * Tamil:
 * Tatar:
 * Telugu:
 * Thai:, , นามวิเศษณ์
 * Tibetan:
 * Turkish: ,
 * Turkmen:
 * Ukrainian:
 * Urdu:, بِشیشَن
 * Uyghur: سۈپەت
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese:, hình dung từ
 * Volapük:
 * Võro: umahussyna
 * Walloon:
 * Welsh:
 * West Frisian:
 * Wolof:
 * Xhosa:
 * Yiddish:
 * Zazaki: ,
 * Zulu:

Adjective

 * 1)  Adjectival; pertaining to or functioning as an adjective.
 * 2)  Applying to methods of enforcement and rules of procedure.
 * 3)  Needing the use of a mordant to be made fast to that which is being dyed.
 * 4)  Incapable of independent function.
 * 5) * 1899, John Jay Chapman, Emerson and Other Essays, AMS Press (1969) (as reproduced in Project Gutenberg)
 * In fact, God is of not so much importance in Himself, but as the end towards which man tends. That irreverent person who said that Browning uses “God” as a pigment made an accurate criticism of his theology. In Browning, God is adjective to man.
 * 1)  Needing the use of a mordant to be made fast to that which is being dyed.
 * 2)  Incapable of independent function.
 * 3) * 1899, John Jay Chapman, Emerson and Other Essays, AMS Press (1969) (as reproduced in Project Gutenberg)
 * In fact, God is of not so much importance in Himself, but as the end towards which man tends. That irreverent person who said that Browning uses “God” as a pigment made an accurate criticism of his theology. In Browning, God is adjective to man.
 * In fact, God is of not so much importance in Himself, but as the end towards which man tends. That irreverent person who said that Browning uses “God” as a pigment made an accurate criticism of his theology. In Browning, God is adjective to man.

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Galician:
 * Japanese: 非独立性, 依存性
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:

 * Afrikaans:
 * Arabic:
 * Dutch:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hebrew: דיוני, נוהלי
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Indonesian:
 * Interlingua:, adjectival
 * Japanese: 手続き上
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Spanish:
 * Thai:
 * Vietnamese:
 * West Frisian: protokol

 * Catalan:

Verb

 * 1)  To make an adjective of; to form or convert into an adjective.
 * 2) * 1805,, Epea Pteroenta: or The Diversions of Purley Part 2
 * Language has as much occasion to adjective the distinct signification of the verb, and to adjective also the mood, as it has to adjective time. It has adjectived all three.
 * 1)  To characterize with an adjective; to describe by using an adjective.
 * 1)  To characterize with an adjective; to describe by using an adjective.

Translations

 * Finnish: muuntaa adjektiiviksi
 * French:, ,
 * Greek: επιθετοποιώ
 * Italian:
 * Polish: adiektywizować, zadiektywizować
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:

Etymology
From.

title: adjective


text:
craft

Etymology
From, from , from , from ; further origin obscure. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  Strength; power; might; force.
 * 2)  Intellectual power; skill; art.
 * 3) Ability, skilfulness, especially skill in making plans and carrying them into execution; dexterity in managing affairs, adroitness, practical cunning; ingenuity in constructing, dexterity.
 * 4) Cunning, art, skill, or dexterity applied to bad purposes; artifice; guile; subtlety; shrewdness as demonstrated by being skilled in deception.
 * 5)  Occult art, magic.
 * 6)  A work or product of art.
 * 7)  Handmade items, especially domestic or decorative objects; handicrafts.
 * 8)  A device, a means; a magical device, spell or enchantment.
 * 9)  Learning of the schools, scholarship; a branch of learning or knowledge, a science, especially one of the ‘seven liberal arts’ of the medieval universities.
 * 10)  Skill, skilfulness, art, especially the skill needed for a particular profession.
 * 11)   A branch of skilled work or trade, especially one requiring manual dexterity or artistic skill, but sometimes applied equally to any business, calling or profession; the skilled practice of a practical occupation.
 * 12)  A trade or profession as embodied in its practitioners collectively; the members of a trade or handicraft as a body; an association of these; a trade's union, guild, or ‘company’.
 * 13)  A vehicle designed for navigation in or on water or air or through outer space.
 * 14)  Boats, especially of smaller size than ships. Historically primarily applied to vessels engaged in loading or unloading of other vessels, as lighters, hoys, and barges.
 * 15)  Those vessels attendant on a fleet, such as cutters, schooners, and gun-boats, generally commanded by lieutenants.
 * 16)  A woman.
 * 17)  Implements used in catching fish, such as net, line, or hook. Modern use primarily in whaling, as in harpoons, hand-lances, etc..
 * 1)  Learning of the schools, scholarship; a branch of learning or knowledge, a science, especially one of the ‘seven liberal arts’ of the medieval universities.
 * 2)  Skill, skilfulness, art, especially the skill needed for a particular profession.
 * 3)   A branch of skilled work or trade, especially one requiring manual dexterity or artistic skill, but sometimes applied equally to any business, calling or profession; the skilled practice of a practical occupation.
 * 4)  A trade or profession as embodied in its practitioners collectively; the members of a trade or handicraft as a body; an association of these; a trade's union, guild, or ‘company’.
 * 5)  A vehicle designed for navigation in or on water or air or through outer space.
 * 6)  Boats, especially of smaller size than ships. Historically primarily applied to vessels engaged in loading or unloading of other vessels, as lighters, hoys, and barges.
 * 7)  Those vessels attendant on a fleet, such as cutters, schooners, and gun-boats, generally commanded by lieutenants.
 * 8)  A woman.
 * 9)  Implements used in catching fish, such as net, line, or hook. Modern use primarily in whaling, as in harpoons, hand-lances, etc..
 * 1)  A trade or profession as embodied in its practitioners collectively; the members of a trade or handicraft as a body; an association of these; a trade's union, guild, or ‘company’.
 * 2)  A vehicle designed for navigation in or on water or air or through outer space.
 * 3)  Boats, especially of smaller size than ships. Historically primarily applied to vessels engaged in loading or unloading of other vessels, as lighters, hoys, and barges.
 * 4)  Those vessels attendant on a fleet, such as cutters, schooners, and gun-boats, generally commanded by lieutenants.
 * 5)  A woman.
 * 6)  Implements used in catching fish, such as net, line, or hook. Modern use primarily in whaling, as in harpoons, hand-lances, etc..
 * 1)  A trade or profession as embodied in its practitioners collectively; the members of a trade or handicraft as a body; an association of these; a trade's union, guild, or ‘company’.
 * 2)  A vehicle designed for navigation in or on water or air or through outer space.
 * 3)  Boats, especially of smaller size than ships. Historically primarily applied to vessels engaged in loading or unloading of other vessels, as lighters, hoys, and barges.
 * 4)  Those vessels attendant on a fleet, such as cutters, schooners, and gun-boats, generally commanded by lieutenants.
 * 5)  A woman.
 * 6)  Implements used in catching fish, such as net, line, or hook. Modern use primarily in whaling, as in harpoons, hand-lances, etc..
 * 1)  A woman.
 * 2)  Implements used in catching fish, such as net, line, or hook. Modern use primarily in whaling, as in harpoons, hand-lances, etc..
 * 1)  Implements used in catching fish, such as net, line, or hook. Modern use primarily in whaling, as in harpoons, hand-lances, etc..

Usage notes
The plural craft is used to refer to vehicles. All other senses use the plural crafts.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Bashkir: оҫталыҡ
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ammattitaito
 * Galician: mestría, vértulo,, doén, arxil,
 * German:
 * Irish: ceardaíocht
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Latin:
 * Maori: mahi toi
 * Ottoman Turkish: صنعت, هنر
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: за̀на̄т
 * Roman:
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:, , ,
 * Ukrainian: вмі́ння,, майсте́рність

 * Finnish: johtamistaito

 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: ruzeco
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * German:, , Gerissenheit
 * Ottoman Turkish: قورنازلق
 * Portuguese: engenhosidade
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: препрѐдено̄ст
 * Roman:
 * Turkish:, , , , cingözlülük
 * Ukrainian: хи́трість, лука́вство

 * Arabic: حِرْفَة, صَنْعَة
 * Armenian:
 * Bashkir: һөнәр
 * Belarusian: рамяство
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto:, metio
 * Finnish: ammattitaito
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hebrew:
 * Icelandic:
 * Irish: ceird, ceardaíocht
 * Italian:
 * Latin:
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian: amatas
 * Maltese: sengħa, artiġjanat
 * Ottoman Turkish: صنعت
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: за̀на̄т, занатство
 * Roman: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Turkish:, ,
 * Ukrainian: ремесло́

 * Finnish: ammattikunta;
 * German:, Innung,
 * Ukrainian:

 * Finnish: kalastusvälineet; valaanpyyntivälineet
 * Turkish:

 * Finnish:
 * Turkish:

 * Finnish:

 * Bulgarian: плавателен съд
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:, Lenkfahrzeug
 * Greek:
 * Irish: árthach,, soitheach
 * Latin:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: farkost
 * Nynorsk: farkost
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * Icelandic:

 * Danish:
 * Dutch:, , ,
 * Esperanto:, ,
 * Latin:
 * Maltese:
 * Portuguese:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ,
 * Roman: ,
 * Turkish: ,

Verb

 * 1) To make by hand and with much skill.
 * 2) To construct, develop something (like a skilled craftsman).
 * state crafting; the process of crafting global policing
 * 1)  To combine multiple items to form a new item, such as armour or medicine.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: изработвам на ръка
 * Catalan: fet a mà, fer a mà
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: handbewerken
 * Finnish: tehdä käsin
 * Galician:
 * German: handgemacht
 * Italian: ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian: a face de mână
 * Russian:, проявля́ть мастерство́, изгота́вливать вручну́ю
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ру̏чно направљено
 * Roman: rȕčno napravljeno
 * Spanish:, hacer a mano
 * Turkish:, ,
 * Ukrainian: майструва́ти

 * Danish:, konstruere
 * Finnish:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian: ,
 * Maori: auaha
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Turkish:, ,

 * French: ,

Noun

 * 1) trade union or guild
 * 2) skill
 * 1) skill

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) strength, power, force

title: craft


text:
adjectival

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)   Of or relating to or functioning as an adjective.
 * 2)  Of or relating to procedure, especially to technicalities thereof.
 * 1)  Of or relating to procedure, especially to technicalities thereof.
 * 1)  Of or relating to procedure, especially to technicalities thereof.
 * 1)  Of or relating to procedure, especially to technicalities thereof.

Related terms

 * (grammar) substantival (= substantive)

Translations

 * Afrikaans: byvoeglik
 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: وَصْفِيّ, نَعْتِيّ
 * Armenian: ,
 * Asturian:
 * Azerbaijani: sıfət
 * Bashkir: сифат
 * Basque:
 * Belarusian: ад'екты́ўны
 * Bengali:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: ,
 * Danish:
 * Dhivehi: ނަނއިތުރު
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto:
 * Faroese:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ზედსართავური
 * German: beiwörtlich, eigenschaftswörtlich; ,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:
 * Interlingua:, adjectival
 * Irish: aidiachtach, aidiachtúil
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Javanese: ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦁꦏꦲꦤꦤ꧀
 * Kashmiri:
 * Kazakh: сын есім
 * Korean:
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: ,
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Latin: adjectivus (dated: adiectivus), adjectivalis (dated: adiectivalis)
 * Macedonian: придавен, придавски
 * Malay:
 * Manx: marennymagh
 * Nepali:
 * Old English: tōġeīecendlīċ
 * Persian:
 * Polish:, adiektywalny , adiektywny
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Punjabi: ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣੀ
 * Quechua: sutip rampaqnin
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: прилага́тельный, ,
 * Samogitian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: при́дјевскӣ
 * Roman:
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene: pridevniški, ádjektiven
 * Spanish: ,
 * Sundanese: adjéktif
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog:
 * Tajik:
 * Tamil:
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen:
 * Ukrainian: ад'єкти́вний
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese: có tính chất tính từ
 * Volapük:
 * Walloon:
 * Welsh:
 * West Frisian: eigenskiplik, adjektivysk
 * Yiddish: אַדיעקטיוויש

Noun

 * 1) An adjectival phrase or clause.

Etymology
From.

Etymology
.

title: adjectival


text:
substantive

Etymology
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1) Of the essence or essential element of a thing.
 * 2)  Constituting the substance of  rather than its style, and thus always nontrivial.
 * 3)  Having substance; enduring; solid; firm; substantial.
 * 4)  Applying to essential legal principles and rules of right.
 * 5)  Not needing the use of a mordant to be made fast to that which is being dyed.
 * 6) Depending on itself; independent.
 * 7)  Of or pertaining to a.
 * 8)   and legally held, as distinct from an acting, temporary or honorary rank or appointment
 * 1)  Applying to essential legal principles and rules of right.
 * 2)  Not needing the use of a mordant to be made fast to that which is being dyed.
 * 3) Depending on itself; independent.
 * 4)  Of or pertaining to a.
 * 5)   and legally held, as distinct from an acting, temporary or honorary rank or appointment
 * 1)  Not needing the use of a mordant to be made fast to that which is being dyed.
 * 2) Depending on itself; independent.
 * 3)  Of or pertaining to a.
 * 4)   and legally held, as distinct from an acting, temporary or honorary rank or appointment
 * 1)  Of or pertaining to a.
 * 2)   and legally held, as distinct from an acting, temporary or honorary rank or appointment
 * 1)   and legally held, as distinct from an acting, temporary or honorary rank or appointment
 * 1)   and legally held, as distinct from an acting, temporary or honorary rank or appointment

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: ,
 * Irish: ábhartha
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian: су́штествен
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Spanish:, sustancial
 * Swedish:
 * Uzbek:

 * Armenian: բովանդակային
 * Azerbaijani: dolğun
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Irish: ábhartha
 * Italian: ,
 * Macedonian: содр́жаен, зна́чаен
 * Russian:
 * Ukrainian: змісто́вний

 * Danish:
 * Finnish:, aineellisoikeudellinen
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian: ,
 * Macedonian: материја́лен
 * Russian:
 * Sicilian: sustanziali, matiriali
 * Swedish:

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * Macedonian: неза́висен, само́стоен

 * Finnish: suora-,
 * French: ,

 * Finnish:

Noun

 * 1)    or ; a noun or a group of words (a noun phrase) that act as a noun (in a sentence).
 * 2) Part of a text that carries the meaning, such as words and their ordering.
 * 1) Part of a text that carries the meaning, such as words and their ordering.
 * 1) Part of a text that carries the meaning, such as words and their ordering.
 * 1) Part of a text that carries the meaning, such as words and their ordering.

Verb

 * 1)   To make a word belonging to another part of speech into a  (that is, a noun) or use it as a noun.

Usage notes

 * The pronunciation with penultimate stress is common, based on that of, but mainly proscribed.

title: substantive


text:
trade wind

Etymology
, because of their consistent linear direction. Associations with transatlantic trade are a later.

Noun

 * 1) A steady wind that blows from east to west above and below the equator.

Translations

 * Catalan: vents alisis, alisis
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish: passat, passatvind
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:, vent alizé
 * German: Passat, Passatwind
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:, , פָּסָטִים
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Irish: trádghaoth
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: өкпе жел
 * Korean:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: passat, passatvind
 * Nynorsk: passat, passatvind
 * Persian: باد بازرگانی
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, aliseu, alísio
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: vientos alisios

title: trade wind


text:
patronage

Etymology
From, from (modern 🇨🇬). Equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) The act of providing approval and support; backing; championship.
 * 2) Customers collectively; clientele; business.
 * 3) The act or state of being a customer of some business.
 * 4) A communication that indicates lack of respect by patronizing the recipient; condescension; disdain.
 * 5)  Granting favours or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support.
 * 6) Guardianship, as of a saint; tutelary care.
 * 7) The right of nomination to political office.
 * 8)  The right of presentation to church or ecclesiastical benefice; advowson.
 * 1) A communication that indicates lack of respect by patronizing the recipient; condescension; disdain.
 * 2)  Granting favours or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support.
 * 3) Guardianship, as of a saint; tutelary care.
 * 4) The right of nomination to political office.
 * 5)  The right of presentation to church or ecclesiastical benefice; advowson.
 * 1) The right of nomination to political office.
 * 2)  The right of presentation to church or ecclesiastical benefice; advowson.
 * 1)  The right of presentation to church or ecclesiastical benefice; advowson.

Translations

 * Azerbaijani:
 * Catalan:, patronatge, patronat
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:, ,
 * German:, ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: προστασία
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Portuguese:, patronato
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:

 * Bulgarian: клиентела
 * Finnish:, asiakkaat
 * French:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

 * Finnish: ,
 * Greek:
 * Russian:

 * Bulgarian: клиентелизъм
 * French: ,
 * German:, Klüngelwirtschaft
 * Indonesian:
 * Malay: penaungan
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,

 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: padroádego
 * Russian:

 * Finnish: nimitysvalta

 * Finnish: nimitysvalta
 * French:
 * Galician: padroádego

 * Italian:
 * Spanish:

Verb

 * 1)  To support by being a patron of.
 * 2)  To be a regular customer or client of; to patronize
 * 1)  To be a regular customer or client of; to patronize
 * 1)  To be a regular customer or client of; to patronize
 * 1)  To be a regular customer or client of; to patronize

Etymology
From. Cf. 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  act of providing approval and support

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) Patronage

Etymology
From ; equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) The privilege of being able to choose ecclesiastical appointees; advowson.

title: patronage


text:
deal

Etymology 1
From, , from , from , from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, Swedish del ("part, portion, piece") 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Related to 🇨🇬. More at dole.

Noun

 * 1)   A division, a portion, a share, a part, a piece.
 * 2)   An indefinite quantity or amount; a lot (now usually qualified by  or ).
 * 1)   An indefinite quantity or amount; a lot (now usually qualified by  or ).
 * 1)   An indefinite quantity or amount; a lot (now usually qualified by  or ).

Translations

 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian: ,
 * Malagasy:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Sinhalese: ගනුදෙනුව
 * Spanish: ,

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: suuri määrä;
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:, ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:,  , диль
 * Serbo-Croatian:

Etymology 2
From, from , from , from , from.

Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬; and with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  To distribute among a number of recipients, to give out as one’s portion or share.
 * 2)  To administer or give out, as in small portions.
 * 3)  To distribute cards to the players in a game.
 * 4)  deliver damage, a blow, strike or cut. To inflict.
 * The boxer was dealt a blow to the head.
 * 1) * 2009, Jake Conner, Maverick, Strategy RPG: Core Rulebook, page 99
 * This is a heavy-handed weapon attack that can be made with a two-handed weapon, that will deal damage equal to 4 times your size category
 * 1)  To pitch.
 * 2)  To have dealings or business.
 * 3)  To conduct oneself, to behave.
 * 4)  To take action; to act.
 * 5)  To trade professionally (followed by in).
 * 6)  To sell, especially to sell illicit drugs.
 * 7)  To be concerned with.
 * 8)  To handle, to manage, to cope.
 * 1)  To pitch.
 * 2)  To have dealings or business.
 * 3)  To conduct oneself, to behave.
 * 4)  To take action; to act.
 * 5)  To trade professionally (followed by in).
 * 6)  To sell, especially to sell illicit drugs.
 * 7)  To be concerned with.
 * 8)  To handle, to manage, to cope.
 * 1)  To take action; to act.
 * 2)  To trade professionally (followed by in).
 * 3)  To sell, especially to sell illicit drugs.
 * 4)  To be concerned with.
 * 5)  To handle, to manage, to cope.
 * 1)  To sell, especially to sell illicit drugs.
 * 2)  To be concerned with.
 * 3)  To handle, to manage, to cope.
 * 1)  To be concerned with.
 * 2)  To handle, to manage, to cope.
 * 1)  To handle, to manage, to cope.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: disdoni
 * Finnish:
 * Galician:
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:, חילק
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian:
 * Maori: tohatoha, tu(w)ha, tu(w)hatu(w)ha, tiritiri
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: роздава́ти, розподіля́ти
 * Yiddish: טיילן

 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * German:, ,
 * Hungarian:, , ,
 * Italian:
 * Maori: whakainati
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: rozdat
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: disdoni
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: ,
 * Georgian:
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Khmer: ចែកបៀ, បោះមេ,
 * Korean:
 * Maori: whiuwhiu, tohatoha
 * Mongolian: тарааж өгөх,
 * Northwestern Ojibwa: onin
 * Norwegian: dele ut
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Thai: แจกไพ่
 * Tibetan: སྤྲད
 * Turkish:
 * Vietnamese: chia bài

 * Finnish:
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:

 * Finnish: käydä kauppaa
 * Galician:
 * Italian: ,
 * Ottoman Turkish: صاتمق
 * Portuguese:
 * Scottish Gaelic: dèilig
 * Spanish:

 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Italian:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:, ,
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: käydä kauppaa
 * French: faire le commerce
 * Galician: ,
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient Greek: ἐμπορεύομαι
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: dèilig
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: торгува́ти

 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, ,  ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: dèilig
 * Spanish: vender drogas,
 * Swedish: ,

 * Bulgarian: имам работа с
 * Catalan:
 * Czech: pojednávat
 * Dutch: te maken hebben met
 * Esperanto: pritrakti
 * Finnish:
 * German:, ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Scottish Gaelic: dèilig
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Georgian: გამკლავება
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian:,  , ,
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: dèilig
 * Spanish: ,
 * Ukrainian: ма́ти спра́ву,

 * Hindi:, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  ,
 * Indonesian:, ,  ,  ,
 * Old English:

Noun

 * 1)  An act of dealing or sharing out.
 * 2)  The distribution of cards to players; a player's turn for this.
 * 3)  A particular instance of trading (buying or selling; exchanging; bartering); a transaction.
 * 4)   A transaction offered which is financially beneficial; a bargain.
 * 5) * 2009, The Guardian, Virginia Wallis, 22 Jul 2009:
 * You also have to look at the kind of mortgage deals available to you and whether you will be able to trade up to the kind of property you are looking for.
 * 1)  An agreement between parties; an arrangement.
 * 2)   A situation, occasion, or event.
 * 3)  A thing, an unspecified or unidentified object.
 * 4)  A personality trait, especially a negative one, and the underlying cause of it.
 * 1)   A transaction offered which is financially beneficial; a bargain.
 * 2) * 2009, The Guardian, Virginia Wallis, 22 Jul 2009:
 * You also have to look at the kind of mortgage deals available to you and whether you will be able to trade up to the kind of property you are looking for.
 * 1)  An agreement between parties; an arrangement.
 * 2)   A situation, occasion, or event.
 * 3)  A thing, an unspecified or unidentified object.
 * 4)  A personality trait, especially a negative one, and the underlying cause of it.
 * 1)   A situation, occasion, or event.
 * 2)  A thing, an unspecified or unidentified object.
 * 3)  A personality trait, especially a negative one, and the underlying cause of it.
 * 1)   A situation, occasion, or event.
 * 2)  A thing, an unspecified or unidentified object.
 * 3)  A personality trait, especially a negative one, and the underlying cause of it.
 * 1)  A thing, an unspecified or unidentified object.
 * 2)  A personality trait, especially a negative one, and the underlying cause of it.
 * 1)  A thing, an unspecified or unidentified object.
 * 2)  A personality trait, especially a negative one, and the underlying cause of it.
 * 1)  A personality trait, especially a negative one, and the underlying cause of it.
 * 1)  A personality trait, especially a negative one, and the underlying cause of it.
 * 1)  A personality trait, especially a negative one, and the underlying cause of it.

Translations

 * Finnish:
 * Hungarian: ,

 * Bulgarian:
 * Esperanto: disdono
 * Finnish: ;
 * French: ,
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Irish: lámhdhéanamh, déanamh
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech:
 * Finnish:, diili
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German: ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish: ,

 * Belarusian: уго́да, здзе́лка
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish:
 * Hungarian:, , , potya vétel
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Polish:, ,
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: eadar-iomlaid
 * Spanish:
 * Ukrainian: уго́да

 * Belarusian: уго́да, здзе́лка
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Finnish:, diili
 * French:
 * Galician:, ,
 * Georgian: გარიგება, შეთანხმება
 * German:, , , , ,
 * Hebrew: ,
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Malayalam: ,
 * Polish:, , ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:, arreglín
 * Swedish:, ,
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: уго́да

 * Finnish: ,
 * German:
 * Hungarian: ,

 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:, cuccos, ,

 * Hindi:, , , , , (1),  , , , ,  ,
 * Indonesian:

Etymology 3
From, from , from , ultimately from ; cognate with 🇨🇬. .

Noun

 * 1)  Wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir).
 * 2) * 1722,, , London: E. Nutt et al., p.86,
 * Some Houses were entirely lock’d up, the Doors padlockt, the Windows and Doors having Deal Boards nail’d over them,
 * 1)  A plank of softwood (fir or pine board).
 * 2)  A wooden board or plank, usually between 12 or 14 feet in length, traded as a commodity in shipbuilding.
 * 1)  A wooden board or plank, usually between 12 or 14 feet in length, traded as a commodity in shipbuilding.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: чам
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Hungarian: ,

 * Bulgarian: чамова дъска
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Hungarian: ,

Adjective

 * 1) Made of deal.
 * A plain deal table

Translations

 * Bulgarian: елов, чамов
 * Finnish:
 * Hungarian: ,

Etymology
.

Noun

 * , a transaction or arrangement
 * 1)  a, a bargain a favourable transaction

Etymology
.

Noun

 * a : a transaction
 * a : an agreement
 * 1) local, small scale drug trafficking

Etymology
, from, from , from , from , from.

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) hill

Etymology 1
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  god, gods

Etymology 2
.

title: deal


text:
merchandise

Etymology 1
From, from and  (modern 🇨🇬), from  (ultimately from , possibly originally ) +. The English word is analysable as.

Noun

 * 1)  Goods which are or were offered or intended for sale.
 * 2)  Commercial goods connected (branded) with an entity such as a team, band, company, charity, work of fiction, festival, or meme.
 * 3)  A commodity offered for sale; an article of commerce; a kind of merchandise.
 * 4)  The act or business of trading; trade; traffic.
 * 1)  Commercial goods connected (branded) with an entity such as a team, band, company, charity, work of fiction, festival, or meme.
 * 2)  A commodity offered for sale; an article of commerce; a kind of merchandise.
 * 3)  The act or business of trading; trade; traffic.
 * 1)  The act or business of trading; trade; traffic.
 * 1)  The act or business of trading; trade; traffic.
 * 1)  The act or business of trading; trade; traffic.
 * 1)  The act or business of trading; trade; traffic.

Derived terms

 * distress merchandise

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Apache:
 * Western Apache: dawa nahinniihí
 * Arabic: بِضَاعَة, بَضَائِع, سِلْعَة, سِلَع, مَتَاع
 * Moroccan Arabic: سلعة
 * Azerbaijani:, əmtəə
 * Bashkir: тауар
 * Belarusian:
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian:, ,
 * Burmese:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, , ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish: handelsvare,
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: komercaĵo
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:, myyntituotteet, kauppatavarat
 * French: ,
 * Galician: mercaduría
 * German:, , , ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Ancient: φορτία
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:, , , ,
 * Icelandic: ,
 * Ido: ,
 * Indonesian:, ,
 * Irish: earra
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:, , , , 商材
 * Kazakh: тауар
 * Khmer:
 * Korean:
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Lao: ສິນຄ້າ, ໂພຄະພັນ, ເຂົ້າຂອງ, ສິນ
 * Latin:
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Macedonian: стока
 * Malay: ,
 * Maori: hoko, taonga hokohoko
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: ,
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: ,
 * Old East Slavic: товаръ
 * Pashto: متاع
 * Persian:, , , ,
 * Plautdietsch: Woa
 * Polish:, , ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: bathar
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ро̏ба, до̀бро
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovak: tovar
 * Slovene: blago, trgovsko blago
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:, ,
 * Tagalog: kalakal, baligyain
 * Tajik: мол
 * Tatar: тауар
 * Thai: ,
 * Turkish:, ,
 * Turkmen: haryt, harytlar
 * Ukrainian:
 * Urdu: مال, سامان
 * Uyghur: تاۋار, مال
 * Uzbek: ,
 * Vietnamese: ,
 * Welsh: nwyddau
 * Yiddish: סכוירע, סחורה

 * Finnish: oheistuote; oheistuotteet

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * Latin:
 * Maori: hoko
 * Plautdietsch: Woa
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: baligyain
 * Welsh:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: ,
 * Slovene: trgovati, tržiti,
 * Swedish:

Etymology 2
From, from (see etymology 1) +.

Verb

 * 1)  To engage in trade; to carry on commerce.
 * 2)  To engage in in-store promotion of the sale of goods, as by display and arrangement of goods.
 * 3)  To engage in the trade of.
 * 4)  To engage in in-store promotion of the sale of.
 * 5)  To promote as if for sale.
 * 1)  To promote as if for sale.
 * 1)  To promote as if for sale.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Romanian:
 * Swedish:

title: merchandise


text:
wares

Noun

 * 1) Goods or services that are for sale.
 * The square was filled with booths, with vendors offering their wares.

Hyponyms

 * , s

Translations

 * Bashkir: тауар
 * Esperanto: komercaĵo
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: φορτία
 * Icelandic: ,
 * Ido:
 * Latin:
 * Latvian:
 * Plautdietsch: Woa
 * Romanian: marfe
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: bathar
 * Spanish:
 * Ukrainian: крам,
 * Yiddish: סחורה

title: wares


text:
product

Etymology
From, from , perfect participle of , first attested in English in the mathematics sense.

Noun

 * 1) Anything that is produced; a result.
 * 2) The amount of an artifact that has been created by someone or some process.
 * 3) A consequence of someone's efforts or of a particular set of circumstances.
 * 4)  A chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction.
 * 5)  A quantity obtained by multiplication of two or more numbers.
 * 6)  Any operation or a result thereof which generalises multiplication of numbers, like the multiplicative operation in a ring, product of types or a categorical product.
 * 7) Any tangible or intangible good or service that is a result of a process and that is intended for delivery to a customer or end user.
 * 8)  A commodity offered for sale.
 * 9)  Any preparation to be applied to the hair, skin, nails, etc. Often specifically a preparation used to hold one's hair in a desired arrangement.
 * 10)  Illegal drugs, especially cocaine, when viewed as a commodity.
 * 1)  A chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction.
 * 2)  A quantity obtained by multiplication of two or more numbers.
 * 3)  Any operation or a result thereof which generalises multiplication of numbers, like the multiplicative operation in a ring, product of types or a categorical product.
 * 4) Any tangible or intangible good or service that is a result of a process and that is intended for delivery to a customer or end user.
 * 5)  A commodity offered for sale.
 * 6)  Any preparation to be applied to the hair, skin, nails, etc. Often specifically a preparation used to hold one's hair in a desired arrangement.
 * 7)  Illegal drugs, especially cocaine, when viewed as a commodity.
 * 1)  A commodity offered for sale.
 * 2)  Any preparation to be applied to the hair, skin, nails, etc. Often specifically a preparation used to hold one's hair in a desired arrangement.
 * 3)  Illegal drugs, especially cocaine, when viewed as a commodity.
 * 1)  Any preparation to be applied to the hair, skin, nails, etc. Often specifically a preparation used to hold one's hair in a desired arrangement.
 * 2)  Illegal drugs, especially cocaine, when viewed as a commodity.
 * 1)  Any preparation to be applied to the hair, skin, nails, etc. Often specifically a preparation used to hold one's hair in a desired arrangement.
 * 2)  Illegal drugs, especially cocaine, when viewed as a commodity.
 * 1)  Illegal drugs, especially cocaine, when viewed as a commodity.
 * 1)  Illegal drugs, especially cocaine, when viewed as a commodity.

Collocations

 * Adjectives often applied to "product": excellent, good, great, inferior, crappy, broken, defective, cheap, expensive, reliable, safe, dangerous, useful, valuable, useless, domestic, national, agricultural, industrial, financial.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: produk
 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: مُنْتَج, سِلْعَة
 * South Levantine Arabic: مُنْتَج
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:, ,
 * Bashkir: тауар
 * Belarusian: ,
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian:, ,
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Cebuano: ani, produkto, epektos
 * Chinese:
 * Eastern Min:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Czech: ,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: toode
 * Faroese: vøra
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: პროდუქტი, ნაწარმი
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Haitian Creole: pwodui
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Ingrian: produkta
 * Irish: táirge
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Kazakh: өнім
 * Khmer:
 * Korean: ,
 * Kyrgyz: өндүрүм
 * Lao: ສິນຄ້າ, ຜລິດຕະພັນ
 * Latin: ,
 * Latvian:, ražojums
 * Lithuanian:
 * Macedonian: производ
 * Malayalam:
 * Maori: hoko, hautaonga
 * Middle English: chaffare
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: produkt, vare
 * Oromo: oomisha
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese:, produtos
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: проѝзвод
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: výrobok, tovar
 * Slovene:, blago
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog:
 * Telugu:
 * Thai: ,
 * Turkish:, ,
 * Ukrainian: проду́кт,
 * Vietnamese: (商品),  (行貨)

 * Azerbaijani:
 * Belarusian: праду́кцыя, вы́рабка, вырабле́нне
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Cebuano: bunga, resulta
 * Danish:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: ნაწარმი, პროდუქტი
 * Greek:
 * Haitian Creole: pwodui
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 生成物
 * Korean:
 * Kyrgyz: өндүрүм
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:, frambringelse
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, , produtos, produções
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog:
 * Thai: ผลผลิต
 * Ukrainian: проду́кція, ви́роблення
 * Zulu: isithelo

 * Armenian: ,
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bashkir: һөҙөмтә, нәтижә
 * Belarusian: рэзульта́т, ,
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Cebuano: bunga
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: produktaĵo
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Haitian Creole: pwodui
 * Icelandic: ,
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:, produtos
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: ,
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:, , ,
 * Ukrainian:, проду́кт,

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Dutch: reactieproduct
 * Finnish: reaktiotuote,
 * French:
 * German:, Reaktionsprodukt
 * Greek:
 * Haitian Creole: pwodui
 * Icelandic: myndefni
 * Irish: táirge
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 生成物
 * Korean:
 * Maori: huanga
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, produtos
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog:
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:

 * Arabic: حاصل الضرب, جَدَاء
 * Belarusian: здабы́так
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Cebuano: abot
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Haitian Creole: pwodui
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: margfeldi
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: iolrach
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Khmer:
 * Korean:, 곱
 * Kyrgyz: көбөйтүндү
 * Lao: ຜົນຄູນ
 * Latvian: reizinājums
 * Macedonian: производ
 * Malay:
 * Maori: otinga, otinga whakarau
 * Persian: حاصل ضرب
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, produtos
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Sanskrit:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: у̀множак
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: súčin
 * Slovene: zmnožek
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Thai: ผลคูณ
 * Turkish: ,
 * Ukrainian:
 * Urdu:
 * Vietnamese: (積)

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Haitian Creole: pwodui
 * Irish:
 * Italian: ,
 * Maori:
 * Portuguese:, produtos
 * Turkish:, ,

 * Finnish:
 * German:

 * Basque: ,
 * Estonian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Interlingua:

Verb

 * 1)  To produce.

Etymology
Borrowed from.

title: product


text:
User:Maveric149/Sandbox

Dog \Dog\ \dôg\

noun.
 * 1) a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds; "the dog barked all night" Usage Note: The word dog can be used to refer exclusively to the male of the genus, the feminine form being bitch. [syn: domestic dog, Canis familiaris] Translations: da: hund, de: Hund, eo: hundo, et: koer, es: perro, fr: chien, nl: hond, no: hund, pl: pies, pt: cachorro, sv: hund
 * 2) a dull unattractive unpleasant girl or woman; "she got a reputation as a frump"; "she's a real dog" [syn: frump]
 * 3) informal term for a man: "you lucky dog"
 * 4) pejorative term for someone who is morally reprehensible; "you dirty dog" [syn: cad, bounder, blackguard, hound, heel]
 * 5) a hinged catch that fits into a notch of a ratchet to move a wheel forward or prevent it from moving backward [syn: pawl, detent, click]
 * 6) metal supports for logs in a fireplace; "the andirons were too hot to touch" [syn: andiron, firedog, dogiron]

Plural form: dogs

verb.
 * 1) go after with the intent to catch [syn: chase, chase after, trail, tail, tag, go after, track]
 * 2) Nautical To fasten a hatch securely, "It is very important to dog down these hatches....".

Etymology
From old English docga, middle English dogge, further origin unknown.

Proverbs / Idioms

 * dog-eat-dog
 * gone to the dogs
 * rain cats and dogs

title: User:Maveric149/Sandbox


text:
Wiktionary:Wiktionary Day

December 12 is known as Wiktionary Day to Wiktionarians and Wikipedians. On this date in the year 2002, the Wiktionary was started.

2007
To celebrate the 5-year anniversary, on December 12 2007 the new main page was published.

2012
To celebrate the 10-year anniversary, the Word of the Day was [//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Wiktionary:Word_of_the_day/December_12&oldid=18988988 set] to tin anniversary with some Wiktionary-themed example sentences. In addition, the WMF sent the community liaison to the IRC channel at 20:00.

title: Wiktionary:Wiktionary Day


text:
User:Fred Bauder

Wikipedia:User:Fred Bauder

title: User:Fred Bauder


text:
Talk:portmanteau

AFAIK, fr: and nl: do not have a separate adjective for portmanteau in the linguistic sense. Mot-valise and mengwoord are both nouns and mean portmanteau word. To write "nl: mengwoord (adj)" and "fr: mot-valise (adj)" is not correct. I've tried to clarify that after nl:. Any comments? D.D. 12:35 Dec 14, 2002 (UTC)

Wouldn't it be easier in this respect to number the meanings through without starting again at a new word class? D.D. 12:40 Dec 14, 2002 (UTC)

 * I wonder whether the subdivision of this word into three pages is heading us in the right direction. I also question the periods at the end of the three subdivided pages.  The numbering in particular may be quite short-sighted.  This particular word is not likely to be much of a problem, but others with a long list of possible meanings could easily become confused.  If at a given point in time we show 40 definitions of a word, and a 41st presents itself which has some affinity to definition 8; it should perhaps show up as number 8A instead of 41.  I suspect that the split was premature, and that some of these ideas need to be worked through before we get too far down the road.

I really don't like the approach taken in formatting this. I want all major common definitions on one page. And links only if there is more than would easily fit and be useable on one page. Fred Bauder 17:25 Dec 18, 2002 (UTC)

 * There is another Portmanteau, Phineas Fogg's manservant in the Jules Verne story Around the World in Eighty Days, but Wiktionary is not an encyclopedia, and this could be a good place to develop an inter-project links. Eclecticology

I quite agree that this is the wrong approach to take. Wiktionary does not have disambiguation pages, partly because articles are shorter than those on Wikipedia and the user of a dictionary does not necessarily known the meaning of the word, unlike the user of an encyclopedia. I propose reverting this page to its earlier form. -- Paul G 12:31, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Referring to Dhum Dhum's orginal comment, "portmanteau" in "portmanteau word" is not an adjective, it is a modifier (ie, a noun used like an adjective to modify another noun). It does not function as an adjective (as it would in the non-sentences "This word is portmanteau" and "This is a portmanteau, long, well-known word".) and hence it makes no sense to translate it as if it were. -- Paul G 12:37, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Maybe I'm missing something but I just noticed that there is still a 2nd entry with an "adjective" heading, which is then contradicted by its own def which admits it's still just a noun after all. Did the survive all the recent editing or come about because of all the recent editing? — Hippietrail 07:48, 18 Jun 2004 (UTC)

I think having the first recordeded of each usage was a great idea. Though maybe not implemented in the best way. I'd like it back and it would be fantastic if we could endeavour to do the same for all the words we can... — Hippietrail 01:26, 13 Apr 2004 (UTC)

Pronunciation of plural forms?
How are the plural forms pronounced? I assume that the X in 'portmanteaux' is silent, like in French. How about the S in 'portmanteaus'? Is that silent or audible?

1977 usage
I found this but I don't think it fits any of the existing definitions: Significance levels of the Box-Pierce portmanteau statistic in finite samples:
 * Following Box & Pierce (1970), an overall, or ’portmanteau’, test of fit can be based on these quantities.
 * Recent experience suggests that surprisingly low values of the portmanteau statistic are often found.

Can anyone figure what it is communicating? ScratchMarshall (talk) 07:06, 2 December 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:portmanteau


text:
Wiktionary talk:Wiktionary Day

Ermm, this is disturbing :) Don't you think that calling December 12th Wiktionary day is a bit over the top? Smelialichu 17:18 Dec 14, 2002 (UTC)

no, as there is a Wikipedia Day.

It's not an official definition - live a little. :) --Maveric149

OK, I guess I'm being a BIT boring :) I just think that wiktionary day should come AFTER we've achieved something, though it does look like we're making good progress. Anyway, sorry for being so boring! Smelialichu 10:46 Dec 15, 2002 (UTC)

 * Actually, I wouldn't object to declaring Wiktionary day on the day we move to www.wiktionary.org (which I just bought BTW). Right now we are just messing around and trying to figure things out. So maybe you we just being the rational one. --mav

OK arggeed to naming wiktionary day afer the move to .org.

title: Wiktionary talk:Wiktionary Day