text:
Talk:stuff

Earliest Usenet uses
Earliest Usenet uses found via Google Groups: The first use of the verb in the infinitive will take more work to find... — Hippietrail 14:16, 26 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * stuff (noun): net.periphs - May 12 1981, 4:53 pm by sdcsvax
 * The fan-fold stuff is nice because it easily bursts into pages, but the print quality is poor compared to the roll paper.
 * stuffs (verb): net.jokes - Feb 1 1982, 9:55 pm by watmath
 * "Got to go, got to get out of town, they all know, it's all blown open", says Artie hastly as he stuffs more shirts into his case.
 * stuffing (verb): net.games - Feb 2 1982, 12:25 am by sdcarl
 * When the diver is grabbing some of the treasure it's arm moves back and forth from the treasure chest to the bag it's stuffing it into.
 * stuffing (noun): net.cooks - Feb 6 1982, 10:42 am by eagle
 * The stuffing is chopped garlic, mozzarella (sp?), and chopped tomatoes.
 * stuffed (adj): net.cooks - Mar 4 1982, 2:13 pm by genradbo
 * B A K E D    S T U F F E D     C A R I B O U     H E A R T
 * stuffing (gerund): net.cooks - Mar 19 1982, 11:09 am by pur-ee
 * Stuffing the developer can be a little awkward at first, but you'll get the hang of it with a little practice.
 * stuffed (passive verb): net.cooks - Apr 13 1982, 12:41 pm by azure
 * Estimate the amount by guessing at twice the volume of the bird to be stuffed.
 * stuff it (vulgar): net.misc - Jun 13 1982, 10:00 pm by watmath
 * If someone calls you a computer addict, chain yourself to your terminal and tell him to stuff it.
 * stuffed (past tense): net.cooks - Jul 2 1982, 8:29 pm by utzoo
 * You stuffed the camel with four sheep.
 * stuff's (stuff has): net.flame - Dec 6 1982, 4:29 am by mhuxi
 * You Treat eaters don't count -- that stuff's got no class.
 * stuff's (possessive): net.movies - Nov 4 1983, 8:41 am by Wally Dietrich
 * Right Stuff's Glenn == Under Fire's Mercenary ??
 * stuffed (past participle): net.religion - Jan 4 1984, 12:25 am by a
 * As I say, I don't know myself that the philosophy I've stuffed in a nutshell here is how things really are.
 * stuff's (stuff is): net.cooks - Jan 11 1984, 1:11 pm by Tom Chmara
 * Sorry no more information on the model; all the stuff's at home.

Plural stuffs
The book I'm reading is 150 years old and in it I have encountered the noun stuff used several times in the plural. We do not cover such a sense yet. — Hippietrail 15:39, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

 * ✅ We have it now. However, we don't mention (usage note perhaps?) that the sense of stuff meaning "things in general" can be pluralised to give it an extra cutesy informal edge: "Whatcha doing? Just some programming stuffs", etc. I think that's quite modern. Equinox ◑ 00:43, 25 February 2020 (UTC)

Etymology
The Frankish connection is less than certain. The Oxford English Dictionary says, in the Etymology of "stuff" n.1:
 * The ultimate etymology is obscure. Diez conjectured that the Romance stoffa and the related verb stoffare (stuff v.1) are derived from the Old High German *stopfôn (Middle High German, modern German stopfen) to plug with oakum, which (as explained s.v. stop v.) represents a West Germanic adoption of medieval Latin stuppāre to plug, stop up, < stuppa tow, oakum. This is open to strong objections: the likelihood of a specifically High German etymon for a Common Romance word is questionable, and the original sense of the Romance verb appears to be, not ‘to plug or stop up’, but ‘to garnish or store with something’.

That in turn calls into question any cognate relationship based on derivation from the Frankish word and meaning. I've added this uncertainty to the Etymology section ("possibly"). --Thnidu (talk) 22:27, 22 August 2013 (UTC)

stuffing coke?
Is there a sense for the verb meaning to "stuff your nose with cocaine"? Thanks, --Ahoraes (talk) 00:40, 19 October 2018 (UTC)

RFD discussion: May–August 2019
Interjection sense: Not an interjection, not a filler. Example is an abbreviated form of something like "Well, I'm sad because of 'stuff'", where "stuff" is noun def. #2, "Unspecified things". Mihia (talk) 18:02, 28 May 2019 (UTC)
 * I agree. Delete. Leasnam (talk) 19:54, 28 May 2019 (UTC)

Delete as per above.-Sonofcawdrey (talk) 04:36, 5 June 2019 (UTC)

 * Yes, it seems to be the noun. Delete. Equinox ◑ 19:30, 5 July 2019 (UTC)

 * It's had its time. Four votes for deletion. No dissents. Deleted. Mihia (talk) 01:04, 30 August 2019 (UTC)

RFV discussion: November–December 2019
Rfv sense "trivial details". Sure, something described as "stuff", e.g. in "I can't be bothered reading all this stuff", can also be trivial details, but does the word "stuff" itself mean this? Mihia (talk) 17:33, 11 November 2019 (UTC)

 * Is there a reason why you put the RFV tag in the middle of the definition? The full def reads: "(informal) Unspecified things or matters; [RFV tag is here] trivial details. I had to do some stuff." Equinox ◑ 17:48, 11 November 2019 (UTC)

 * The RFV applies only to "trivial details" and not to "Unspecified things or matters". Is that not clear? Mihia (talk) 18:09, 11 November 2019 (UTC)
 * I have approached similar wording problems by separating the part of a definition that I didn't like (eg, "trivial details") into a separate definition and RfVing (or RfDing) the new definition. That would be appropriate if the parts are not synonymous (ie, "trivial details" ≠ "unspecified things or matters"), which seems to me to be the case here. DCDuring (talk) 21:37, 11 November 2019 (UTC)
 * OK, I separated them for clarity. Mihia (talk) 23:33, 11 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Isn't it now the same as definition 12? "Refuse or worthless matter; hence, also, foolish or irrational language; nonsense; trash" Kiwima (talk) 23:54, 11 November 2019 (UTC)
 * No, I don't think so. That sense is marked "obsolete". My feeling is that the sense that I have RFV'd was intended as a modern sense, most probably because "stuff" in the sense of "unspecified/miscellaneous things or matters" might be trivial details, though the latter is of course what I wish to test with this RFV. Mihia (talk) 00:12, 12 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Could they have intended the equivalent of "especially, trivial details"? DCDuring (talk) 01:16, 12 November 2019 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure even that would be right. My feeling, unless demonstrated otherwise, is that whether it is trivial or not depends solely on the context and is not a property of the word "stuff" itself: "I can't be bothered reading all this stuff -- it's not important" / "I really ought to read all this stuff as it's important." Mihia (talk) 21:05, 12 November 2019 (UTC)
 * But if there were attestation of something like just|only|mere stuff, that would suggest that some writers thought of stuff as unimportant, unless context indicates that importance was not the characteristic of stuff being valued. DCDuring (talk) 22:47, 12 November 2019 (UTC)
 * If I understand you correctly, I would say that unimportance is conveyed by the words "just", "only" or "mere", not the word "stuff" itself. You could put those words in front of various nouns with similar effect. Mihia (talk) 23:25, 12 November 2019 (UTC)
 * "These are words. Do they matter?" / "These are just words. Do they matter?" Alexis Jazz (talk) 15:17, 13 November 2019 (UTC)
 * I'm saying that citations using just, only, and mere modifying stuff may provide evidence that stuff is used in a way that indicates it has a negative valence. Such usage may not support "trivial details" in particular, but may support something worth adding to a definition line, if not a full definition. DCDuring (talk) 15:45, 13 November 2019 (UTC)

RFV-failed, although "stuff" may be trivial, which is why it is left unspecified, there is no support for including it as part of the definition. Kiwima (talk) 20:39, 14 December 2019 (UTC)

RFD discussion: November–December 2019
"To fill with seasoning." isn't that just a form of "To fill a space with (something) in a compressed manner." ? I could be wrong and I'd agree the noun stuffing needs this sense, but I'm not so sure about the verb. Alexis Jazz (talk) 12:41, 11 November 2019 (UTC)

 * Well, you wouldn't stuff a chicken with feathers, nor would you stuff a cushion with seasoning. I would say keep. DonnanZ (talk) 18:14, 11 November 2019 (UTC)
 * you also wouldn't stuff a drawer with motor oil. So..? Alexis Jazz (talk) 14:59, 13 November 2019 (UTC)
 * So read this. DonnanZ (talk) 16:46, 13 November 2019 (UTC)
 * I vote weak keep because it seems quite a specific usage, but on the other hand, I wonder logically what the difference is between stuffing a turkey (implied to be with seasoning) and stuffing a cushion (implied to be with padding), and why, on the same basis, we would not add a sense "To fill with padding". Mihia (talk) 18:22, 11 November 2019 (UTC)
 * I will just point out that stuffing is more than just seasoning. Nothing wrong with having a cooking specific definition, but some dictionaries get by with a more generic definition of stuffing with "suitable" or "appropriate" material in any case. -Mike (talk) 21:19, 11 November 2019 (UTC)

 * You can stuff a turkey with a duck, bell peppers with ground beef and rice, and mushrooms with spinach. Usually the stuffing will be seasoned, but it is IMO incorrect to state that in culinary use to stuff means “to fill with seasoning”. It can be basically anything that is edible – which is not inherent in the term stuff per se, but an obvious consequence of the culinary context. --Lambiam 23:06, 11 November 2019 (UTC)

 * Having thought about the comments, I suppose the difference is this: when you talk about "a stuffed drawer", you don't know what's in there. When you ask "Can you stuff this drawer?", it's unclear what the drawer should be stuffed with. The sentence doesn't even make much sense without context. When you speak of "a stuffed turkey", it's clear this doesn't concern a turkey stuffed with socks. When you ask "Can you stuff this turkey?", it's clear the turkey should be stuffed with something edible and not with plastic spoons. Alexis Jazz (talk) 14:59, 13 November 2019 (UTC)

 * You may know that Santa will stuff your stocking without knowing what you’ll find in there the next morning, other than that it is (hopefully!) something you will enjoy. In all cases and contexts, it is most likely something that is appropriate to the circumstances, but that is not guaranteed. The sentence “You won’t believe what she used to stuff the turkey with!” is entirely understandable and proper English, but if true you have no idea what went in there (unless you’ve been searching for your pet rat all day). The current definition is wrong, and if made correct becomes obviously SOP. Therefore, Delete (but perhaps represent this by an apt usex). --Lambiam 06:50, 14 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Delete per Lambiam. Canonicalization (talk) 13:25, 14 November 2019 (UTC)

 * Obvious keep. Lambian is an excellent user who on this occasion failed with their logic. --Vealhurl (talk) 21:45, 15 November 2019 (UTC)

 * Keep Stuffing a turkey is a different process than stuffing a cushion: you put stuffing in the turkey so that the stuffing and the meat can interact with each other during cooking, while you stuff a cushion to fill its interior space with a substance having the correct mechanical properties. I've stuffed a turkey with nothing more than a lemon, a bay leaf, some garlic, and some sage, then thrown out the herbs after cooking because they'd accomplished their purpose. Stuffing a turkey with regular stuffing allows the juices from the turkey to flavor and moisten the stuffing and the seasonings in the stuffing to flavor the turkey. In other words, stuffing a turkey is only called "stuffing" by analogy with the stuffing of a cushion. There's also a sort of stuffing where you insert a filling into a food item, but that's different, IMO, from stuffing a turkey (you end up with "stuffed bell peppers", but you don't end up with "stuffed turkey") . Chuck Entz (talk) 03:48, 16 November 2019 (UTC)

 * Keep. It is a specific cooking term. You stuff a turkey; you don't cram a turkey, or pack a turkey (in that sense), or even fill a turkey. This is lexically important. Equinox ◑ 22:51, 17 November 2019 (UTC)
 * fun fact: in Dutch, you would. Gevulde kalkoen. (gevulde kalkoen) Alexis Jazz (talk) 07:27, 22 November 2019 (UTC)

 * Keep per Equinox and Chuck. Andrew Sheedy (talk) 02:11, 18 November 2019 (UTC)

 * As I said when I started this discussion, I could be wrong. And it appears that indeed I was. But I'm happy I now understand why I was wrong. - Alexis Jazz (talk) 03:06, 18 November 2019 (UTC)

 * Even if it was deleted, you can't prevent another editor reinstating it as a missing sense. DonnanZ (talk) 17:37, 18 November 2019 (UTC)
 * That is a peculiar kind of comment. Individual editors cannot unilaterally override an RFD decision, so in such a situation the entry would just be re-deleted if no new argument or evidence was put forth. Mihia (talk) 18:05, 21 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Keep, but reword the definition without the words seasoning or stuffing. A usage example without turkey or other fowl would be nice. One can find stuffed pancakes, stuffed mashed potatoes, etc though the definition need not cover every attestable collocation of stuff and a food item. DCDuring (talk) 14:44, 3 December 2019 (UTC)

Kept. Canonicalization (talk) 09:11, 12 December 2019 (UTC)

RFD discussion: November 2019–August 2020
RFD sense 12:

 * 1. To fill by packing or crowding something into; to cram with something; to load to excess.
 * I'm going to stuff this pillow with feathers.
 * 2. To fill a space with (something) in a compressed manner.

 * 12. To form or fashion by packing with the necessary material.
 * Jonathan Swift
 * An Eastern king put a judge to death for an iniquitous sentence, and ordered his hide to be stuffed into a cushion, and placed upon the tribunal.

Sense 12 quotation and definition are mismatched, but whichever way round it's supposed to be, it seems redundant to senses 1/2 ... unless we want to make a distinction between forming/fashioning something by stuffing and other types of stuffing?? If deleted, quotation can be moved to sense 2. Mihia (talk) 23:19, 13 November 2019 (UTC)

 * The quotation is ambiguous; the judge’s skin could have been used as the filling of a cushion, or it could have served as the cushion case, to be stuffed with horse hair or whatever. I assume that Swift, in his letter to the Right Honourable the Lord Viscount Molesworth, meant the latter, which is confirmed by the original account of Herodotus in Histories 5.25.2 (and Samuel Johnson agrees). So then poor ’s hide was indeed fashioned into a cushion, meaning there is no mismatch. I think it does make sense to make a distinction between the senses of “forming/fashioning by stuffing” and of stuffing without the objective of giving form. --Lambiam 12:28, 14 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Thanks, yes, looking again, I think you may be correct. In ordinary modern usage, if something is "stuffed into a cushion" it means that that thing becomes the stuffing, but it seems that this may not be the intended meaning in this quotation. Mihia (talk) 00:53, 15 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Further to the above, it seems to me that, if the quotation read "stuffed and made into a cushion", it would be the usual sense 1. The pillow is stuffed with feathers; his hide is stuffed with whatever. So the distinctiveness of this usage is perhaps the phrase "stuffed into" rather than the verb "stuff" per se. Mihia (talk) 00:20, 16 November 2019 (UTC)

No consensus to delete Discussion has been stale for nine months and no one other than the nominator has expressed a deletion opinion Purplebackpack89 12:02, 24 August 2020 (UTC)

As pertaining to garments
What about the verb sense of filling a garment into the shape it would have if it were being worn, to protect it in storage? Is that specific enough to mention? Ran across this usage:

"When silk organza remains folded in the same place for any length of time, it will split on the fold. If you can stuff it before storing in the future, that will reduce additional damage."

From https://forums.vintagefashionguild.org/threads/repair-tips-for-splits-in-sheer-fabric.26303/

I tried searching books in the Internet Archive for uses, but was having trouble finding any that weren't the noun as a type of fabric.

(From that same page is also a sense of the word shatter apparently not in Wiktionary; also discussed somewhat at http://circavintageclothing.com.au/2013/06/05/shattering-silk/.)

Goldenshimmer (talk) 23:57, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

the expression "stuff and nonsense"
It seems to me the expression "stuff and nonsense", fairly common in archaic or intentionally dated-sounding texts, usually in conversation, could be useful to mention here somewhere. Possibly in connection with sense #11 (was it?) where one of the senses of "stuff" actually *is* "nonsense". Metafnord (talk) 07:17, 17 December 2020 (UTC)

RFV discussion: November 2021
rfv-sense: A melted mass of turpentine, tallow, etc., with which the masts, sides, and bottom of a ship are smeared for lubrication. MooreDoor (talk) 21:25, 19 November 2021 (UTC)
 * Seems genuine and is listed here. It could be obsolete. Is it definitely for lubrication? Mihia (talk) 14:42, 21 November 2021 (UTC)

cited Kiwima (talk) 04:56, 22 November 2021 (UTC)

RFV-passed Kiwima (talk) 19:59, 29 November 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:stuff


text:
courtesy

Etymology
From, , from , from ,. Equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1)  Polite behavior.
 * 2)  A polite gesture or remark, especially as opposed to an obligation or standard practice.
 * 3)  Consent or agreement in spite of fact; indulgence.
 * 4)  Willingness or generosity in providing something needed.
 * [on a label, caption, etc.] Courtesy the Smith Foundation: [e.g.] use of this image was allowed through the courtesy of the Smith Foundation.
 * 1) A curtsey.
 * 2)  The life interest that the surviving husband has in the real or heritable estate of his wife.
 * 1)  Consent or agreement in spite of fact; indulgence.
 * 2)  Willingness or generosity in providing something needed.
 * [on a label, caption, etc.] Courtesy the Smith Foundation: [e.g.] use of this image was allowed through the courtesy of the Smith Foundation.
 * 1) A curtsey.
 * 2)  The life interest that the surviving husband has in the real or heritable estate of his wife.
 * 1) A curtsey.
 * 2)  The life interest that the surviving husband has in the real or heritable estate of his wife.
 * 1)  The life interest that the surviving husband has in the real or heritable estate of his wife.
 * 1)  The life interest that the surviving husband has in the real or heritable estate of his wife.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: beleefdheid
 * Arabic:, مَجَامَلَة
 * Armenian: ,
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ზრდილობიანობა
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Kazakh: көргенділік
 * Korean:
 * Latin: cōmitās
 * Manx: cooyrtoilid
 * Maori: atawhaitanga
 * Middle English: curteisie
 * Mongolian: найрсаг зан
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: modh
 * Sicilian: curtisia
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Vietnamese: ,

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Italian:
 * Middle English: curteisie
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:

 * Finnish:
 * Hebrew:
 * Maori: atawhaitanga
 * Portuguese:

Adjective
(used only before the noun)

 * 1) Given or done as a polite gesture.
 * We paid a courtesy visit to the new neighbors.
 * 1) Supplied free of charge.
 * The event planners offered courtesy tickets for the reporters.
 * The event planners offered courtesy tickets for the reporters.

Translations

 * Dutch: beleefdheids-,
 * Finnish: kohteliaisuus-
 * Italian: di cortesia
 * Portuguese: de cortesia
 * Spanish: de cortesía
 * Swedish: hövlighets-

 * Finnish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: de cortesía

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: courtesy


text:
associate

Etymology
From.

Pronunciation

 * Verb: (these pronunciations can also apply to the noun and adjective)
 * Noun and adjective:
 * Noun and adjective:
 * Noun and adjective:
 * Noun and adjective:

Adjective

 * 1) Joined with another or others and having lower status.
 * 2) Having partial status or privileges.
 * 3) Following or accompanying; concomitant.
 * 4)  Connected by habit or sympathy.
 * 1) Following or accompanying; concomitant.
 * 2)  Connected by habit or sympathy.

Translations

 * Danish: med-
 * Finnish: apulais-, vara-
 * Hungarian: társ-
 * Japanese: 一緒にやっている (いっしょにやっている, issho ni yatte iru), ,
 * Korean: 연합(聯合)하다, 한패(牌)-의, 동료(同僚)-의
 * Manx: co-
 * Maori: tuarua, teputi, tūhono
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Ukrainian:

 * Danish: tilknyttet
 * Finnish: apulais-, vara-,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Korean:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:

 * Danish: ledsagende
 * Finnish:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: 연상(聯想)-의
 * Maori: whakapiri

Noun

 * 1) A person united with another or others in an act, enterprise, or business; a partner.
 * 2) Somebody with whom one works, coworker, colleague.
 * 3) A companion; a comrade.
 * 4) One that habitually accompanies or is associated with another; an attendant circumstance.
 * 5) A member of an institution or society who is granted only partial status or privileges.
 * 6)  One of a pair of elements of an integral domain (or a ring) such that the two elements are divisible by each other (or, equivalently, such that each one can be expressed as the product of the other with a unit).
 * 1)  One of a pair of elements of an integral domain (or a ring) such that the two elements are divisible by each other (or, equivalently, such that each one can be expressed as the product of the other with a unit).

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:associate

Translations

 * Belarusian: партнёр, партнёрка, кампаньён, кампаньёнка
 * Bulgarian:, коле́жка, партньо́р, партньо́рка
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Danish:, ledsager
 * Finnish:, , , , liikekumppani
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: μέτοχος
 * Hungarian:
 * Japanese: 提携者
 * Korean: 제휴자(提携者), ,
 * Latin: collēga
 * Manx: coheshaghtagh
 * Maori: hoa mahi, hoa kaipakihi
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: ledsager, kompanjong
 * Ottoman Turkish: اورتاق, شریك
 * Polish:, wspólniczka, , , ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Romansch: collavuratur, collavuratura
 * Russian:, , , , ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Turkish:, ,
 * Ukrainian:, партне́рка, компаньйо́н, компаньйо́нка

 * Belarusian: кале́га, каляжа́нка
 * Danish:
 * Finnish:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Manx: coheshaghtagh
 * Maori: hoa mahi
 * Polish: ,
 * Russian:
 * Ukrainian: коле́га, колежа́нка

 * Bulgarian:, , партньо́р, партньо́рка
 * Finnish:, , ,
 * German:
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Korean:, ,
 * Latin:, comes
 * Manx: cumraag
 * Maori: hoa haere
 * Ottoman Turkish: قولداش, یولداش, رفیق, همراه
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:, ,
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili:
 * Ukrainian: компаньйо́н, компаньйо́нка

 * Finnish:, ,
 * Swahili:

 * Bulgarian: член-кореспонде́нт
 * Finnish: ulkojäsen,
 * Japanese: 準会員,
 * Korean: 준회원(準會員), 회우(會友)
 * Manx: fo-oltey
 * Polish:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili:

 * Ghotuo:

Verb

 * 1)  To join in or form a league, union, or association.
 * 2)  To spend time socially; keep company.
 * 3)  To join as a partner, ally, or friend.
 * 4)  To connect or join together; combine.
 * 5)  To connect evidentially, or in the mind or imagination.
 * 6) * 1819 September 21,, letter to :
 * I always somehow associate Chatterton with autumn.
 * 1)  To endorse.
 * 2)  To be associative.
 * 3)  To accompany; to be in the company of.
 * 1) * 1819 September 21,, letter to :
 * I always somehow associate Chatterton with autumn.
 * 1)  To endorse.
 * 2)  To be associative.
 * 3)  To accompany; to be in the company of.
 * 1)  To endorse.
 * 2)  To be associative.
 * 3)  To accompany; to be in the company of.
 * 1)  To be associative.
 * 2)  To accompany; to be in the company of.

Translations

 * Armenian: ընկերակցիլ ,
 * Bulgarian: свързвам се, съединявам се
 * Catalan:
 * Czech: asociovat
 * Finnish:, ,
 * German:, zu einem Verband zusammenschließen
 * Hungarian:
 * Japanese: 共同でやる,
 * Korean:, 연합(聯合)하다
 * Maori: pāhono
 * Portuguese: associar-se a
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Ukrainian:, поє́днувати

 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: oturub-durmaq
 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, viettää aikaa, olla jonkun kanssa
 * French:
 * German: gemeinsam Zeit verbringen, in Gesellschaft sein
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: μεθομιλέω
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Korean:
 * Maori: uru
 * Ngazidja Comorian: shirikiana
 * Sanskrit:
 * Spanish:, , , ,
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: спілкува́тися

 * Bulgarian: присъединявам се
 * Catalan:
 * Finnish:,  ,
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: 연합(聯合)시키다, 참가(參加)시키다
 * Maori: uru, whakahoa
 * Portuguese: associar-se a
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Ukrainian: приє́днуватися

 * Bulgarian: свързвам се
 * Finnish: ,
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: 결합(結合)시키다
 * Maori: tūhono
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:

 * Armenian:
 * Catalan:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, , assosioida
 * German:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Japanese: 結び付けて考える (むすびつけてかんがえる, musubitsukete kangaeru), (
 * Korean:, 상기(想起)시키다, 관련(關聯)시켜 생각하다
 * Polish:, skojarzyć,
 * Portuguese:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Turkish:

 * French:
 * Ido:

title: associate


text:
prosperity

Etymology
From, from , from. Equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) The condition of being prosperous, of having good fortune

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Cebuano: kalamboan
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: prosperita
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: prospero
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German: ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Ancient: εὐθηνία, ὄλβος
 * Hindi:
 * Icelandic: velmegun,
 * Irish: rath
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: ئاسوودەیی,, کامەرانی
 * Latin: prosperitās
 * Macedonian: благосо́стојба, процвету́вање, има́штија
 * Malayalam: ,
 * Manchu: ᠮᡠᡴᡩᡝᠨ
 * Maori: tōnuitanga, houkuratanga
 * Middle English: welthe
 * Occitan:
 * Ottoman Turkish: عمارت, عمران
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Sanskrit: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: àigh, piseach
 * Serbo-Croatian: imućstvo
 * Slovak: prosperita
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: kasaganaan, kaunlaran, kariwasaan
 * Thai:
 * Turkish: ,
 * Ukrainian: процвіта́ння, добро́бут
 * Volapük:

title: prosperity


text:
Talk:Bible basher

WTF? This is a definition for bible thumper - an antonym of bible basher! 1. Travelling preacher who calls on homes to promote religious beliefs. 2. Person who frequently quotes from the Bible. --Connel MacKenzie 14:46, 26 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Wrong. There is considerable use of the term as a supporter of the bible being called a bible basher, particularly those who call to homes. It might be a regional thing. --Dmol 15:16, 26 Jan 2005 (UTC)Dmol.
 * Dmol, could you please explain? What regions?  What considerable use?  Could you cite me some sources please?  (I'd be more than satisfied with one.)  --Connel MacKenzie 18:20, 26 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Quotes as requested.
 * 1) From Sex God to Doorstep Bible Basher
 * Rick Ross website headline.
 * 1) Science and education are under threat from the bible-bashing right in the US...
 * Skepdic.com website news article.
 * 1) Bible-basher, noun Definitions: U.K.  ( slang )  Same as  Bible-thumper, which in turn defines it as, "vehement promoter of Christianity"
 * encarta MSN website.
 * 1) bible basher's slang, a group of slang words that relate to Christianity and the bible
 * www.urbandictionary.com
 * 1) Bible-basher (British & Australian, informal, mainly American, informal) an insulting way of describing someone who tries very hard to persuade other people to believe in Christianity
 * http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/Bible-basher

I was unable to find one that suggested the term means lambasting the bible, but the comment was mentioned ( and quickly rebutted ) at http://www.collins.co.uk/wordexchange/Forums/ShowPost.aspx?PostID=13778

--Dmol 22:34, 10 March 2006 (UTC)

This one has been back and forwards for over a year. As mentioned in my notes at the time, I could not find any use of the term to indicate someone opposed to the bible, rather than its common meaning of a pro-religious person. (Actually, the original def was a person calling to homes to promote religion). The UK / US thing does not work either. Of the 5 examples listed in the talk page, numbers 1, 2, and 5 are US examples of a pro-religious use. Only number 3 is specifically UK. Ironically, you are now using the arguement I suggested at the time, namely that it varies by region. Cites for an anti-religious use are required. --Dmol 21:38, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Which "you" are you referring to? I'd say this has been lost/under the radar for over a year.  --Connel MacKenzie 02:38, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Being from the US, I've only heard the second def., the one for which verification is requested. DAVilla 15:09, 21 August 2006 (UTC)

 But the following quotes show the term used in a pro-religious sense in the USA.
 * 1) From Sex God to Doorstep Bible Basher
 * (Cult expert) Rick Ross website headline.
 * 1) Science and education are under threat from the bible-bashing right in the US...
 * Skepdic.com website news article.
 * 1) Bible-basher (British & Australian, informal, mainly American, informal) an insulting way of describing someone who tries very hard to persuade other people to believe in Christianity
 * http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/Bible-basher

Still waiting for any cite (from any place) showing it means a person criticising the bible. It might exist, and it won't negate the other usage, but examples are needed.--Dmol 11:02, 27 August 2006 (UTC)

 * FWIW, I think the idiomatic sense is generally always "pro-Bible", whereas the non-idiomatic sense (one who bashes, i.e. harshly criticizes, the Bible) is always "anti-Bible". Here are some quotes of the "anti" sense; it's a judgment call as to whether they are functioning as a unit (but at least some are hyphenated, so I guess that argues for them being a unit.) Note that the idiomatic "pro-Bible" sense far outweighs this sense.Jeffqyzt 20:53, 29 August 2006 (UTC)

 I put this question on a newsgroup I use to see what comments were made. Some interesting points I noticed...The disputed sense, (criticising the bible) seems to be only used in the USA, but NOT at the expense of the other meaning, ie, a preacher or religious zealot. The term apparently has both meanings, although I strongly suggest that the preacher/zealot meaning is more common. (It was certainly easier to find examples). One interesting thing I noticed is that among people who had not heard the term, most assumed it meant criticising the bible. Other things noted, in the UK and Australia it only seems to mean preaching or being keen on religion. Another one someone mentioned was the term Bible bashing to mean studying the Bible or being in a religious class at school. I have a vague memory of these classes in Australia, (too long ago) In fairness, the disputed sense should be kept, but perhaps a usage note added pointing out these items. See the full discussion at... http://msgboard.snopes.com/cgi-bin/ultimatebb.cgi?/ubb/get_topic/f/2/t/006063/p/1.html#000024 --Dmol 19:09, 7 September 2006 (UTC)
 * 2002: Everett Hickey, Biblical in alt.astronomy
 * I'm no bible-basher looking to discredit everything I hear, but there is one point that might be interesting to argue...If the bible is the Word of God, which version or language is the official Word, as the meanings change subtley from one to another?
 * 2003: Jeff Shirton, Conference... in alt.religion.mormon
 * There *are* no "Biblical contradictions". Years ago, I...addressed many, many, many alleged "contradictions". It's a very sad state of affairs, most Bible bashers who claim "contradictions" prefer quantity over quality, and no matter how many *ridiculous* claims they came up with and I demolished, they would continue with others...
 * 2006: veralein, How to protect yourself against false Christian teachers in alt.christnet.christianlife
 * I think you are just a Bible basher for what reasons ever. Maybe you are just an atheist who has pleasure in trolling Christians and recruiting them.

Fascinating stuff. I have put the quotes on the article page and a usage note saying that the anti sense is chiefly US usage. 03:23, 10 September 2006 (UTC)

Locations of various uses.
This is getting rediculous. I removed the UK part of def 1 because it is not restricted to the UK. It is use in Australia, it is used in Ireland, and IT IS USED IN THE USA. Excuse the shouting, but how can I make that more clear. I have already provided three good examples of US usage. There is not a UK/US difference between these two meanings, despite your obvious insistance that there is. --Dmol 11:07, 22 September 2006 (UTC)

 * I agree this is getting ridiculous. Several things:
 * If you contest "UK" why'd you remove "pejorative"?
 * I didn't put "UK" there, I replaced it; you obviously have a strong POV about this for some reason, that I don't see as supported by your citations.
 * If this ever was a valid meaning in the US, it certainly spread, apparently still in use in the UK. But within the US it is archaic (at best.)
 * Please stop reducing talk page section. That template doesn't seem to like section heading within it.
 * --Connel MacKenzie 11:18, 22 September 2006 (UTC)

This went through RFV just for you Dmol. The citations given clearly show the given meaning. Stop sneaking in your little reverts, just because the RFV didn't go your way. I just don't get it. The message board you linked above has several people commenting, but that apparently the atmosphere there is very hostile and refused to aknowledge the numerous complaints. I also don't understand on what basis you are contesting this very obvious meaning. You're not from the US nor the UK, right? What is it? --Connel MacKenzie 06:13, 21 October 2006 (UTC)

In England, where the term 'Bible basher' is used on a daily basis by many people including myself, it is usually taken to mean 'one who has sex with the Bible', as in 'one who loves the Bible'. Basically, it just means 'Christian' here. I presume that 'Bible thumper' is derived from 'Bible basher', what with 'thump' and 'bash' having somewhat related meanings, but with 'thump' lacking the sexual connotation, though this may not be the case. The idea that 'Bible basher' only refers to fundimentalists is certainly incorrect, but 'Bible thumper' does seem have this meaning in America, which possibly has caused the confusion.

 * As an Usonian, I was confused when I played "Ben There, Dan That!" and encountered "Bible basher" used to mean the opposite of how I understood it. My sense was that "X bashers" were anti-X, like "gay bashers". While I personally haven't heard anyone use it as synonymous with "bible thumper" on the east coast of the US, I see how it is understood that way in the UK and Australia. ~ Robin 11:59, 25 October 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bible basher


text: phreaker

title: phreaker


text:
john school

Etymology
+

Noun

 * 1)  A police-run program in which men arrested for soliciting prostitutes agree to attend lectures from former prostitutes as an alternative to paying a fine or spending time in jail.

title: john school


text:
free of charge

Adjective

 * 1) Not requiring any payment.
 * Buy two and pay for just one – the other is free of charge.

Usage notes
This word has no obvious, all-purpose antonym in English; antonymous translations have been placed in out of convenience.

Translations

 * Afrikaans:, , kosteloos
 * Albanian:
 * Amharic: ነፃ
 * Arabic:, مَجَّانًا
 * Egyptian Arabic: بلاش
 * Moroccan Arabic: فابور
 * North Levantine Arabic: بلاش
 * South Levantine Arabic: بلاش
 * Armenian: ,
 * Azerbaijani: ödənişsiz,
 * Bambara: gansan
 * Bengali: বিনামূল্য
 * Belarusian:, дармавы́
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 免費
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:, , ,
 * Danish: ,
 * Dutch:, kostenloos, , , verniet (Flanders)
 * Esperanto: senkosta, senpaga
 * Estonian: tasuta
 * Faroese: ókeypis
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: უფასო, უსასყიდლო
 * German:, , , ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Ancient: δωρεάν, ἀδάπανος
 * Hebrew:, בחינם
 * Hindi: मुफ़्त,
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Icelandic: frír,
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:, bebas biaya
 * Interlingua: gratis, gratuite
 * Irish: in aisce
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Kashubian: darmôk
 * Kazakh: өтеусіз, ақысыз, тегін, төлеусіз
 * Khmer: ឥតបង់ថ្លៃ,
 * Korean: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: بەلاش,
 * Northern Kurdish:, , ,
 * Kyrgyz: ,
 * Ladino: debaldes
 * Lao: ບໍ່ຄິດຄ່າ, ບໍ່ຕ້ອງເສັຽຫຍັງເລີຽ
 * Latin:
 * Latvian: bezmaksas, brīvs
 * Lithuanian:
 * Lü:
 * Luxembourgish: gratis
 * Macedonian: бесплатен
 * Malay: ,
 * Malayalam:
 * Maltese: b'xejn
 * Maori:
 * Mongolian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Occitan:
 * Pashto:, مجاني, مفت
 * Persian:, ,
 * Polish:, , ,
 * Portuguese:, , livre de encargo, , de grátis , de borla
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: an-asgaidh
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: бѐсплатан
 * Roman:
 * Sindhi: مفت
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene: brezplačen
 * Spanish:, , sin cargo,
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:, , ,
 * Tagalog: libre, walang bayad
 * Tajik: маҷҷонӣ, муфт,, бепул, бемузд
 * Tatar: түләүсез
 * Thai:
 * Tibetan:
 * Turkish:, ,
 * Turkmen: tölegsiz
 * Ukrainian:, дармови́й, ,
 * Urdu: مُفْت, پھوکَٹ
 * Uyghur: ھەقسىز
 * Uzbek:, ,
 * Vietnamese:
 * Walloon:
 * Welsh:, di-dâl
 * West Frisian:, frij
 * Yiddish: אומזיסט
 * Zazaki: bêpere, belas
 * Zhuang: mbouj aeu cienz

Adverb

 * 1) Without any payment being required.
 * They were giving the tickets away free of charge.

title: free of charge


text: Category:Language

title: Category:Language


text:
Rhymes:English/ɛtəl

Pronunciation
,

title: Rhymes:English/ɛtəl


text:
helix

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1)  A curve on the surface of a cylinder or cone such that its angle to a plane perpendicular to the axis is constant; the three-dimensional curve seen in a screw or a spiral staircase.
 * 2)  A small volute under the abacus of a Corinthian capital.
 * 3)  The incurved rim of the external ear.
 * 4) An upside down midair 360° spin in playboating.
 * 1) An upside down midair 360° spin in playboating.

Translations

 * Arabic: لَوْلَب
 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: hèlix
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: skruelinje
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: helikso,
 * Finnish: ruuviviiva; ruuvikierre
 * French:
 * German:, ,
 * Icelandic: skrúflína, gormferill
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: бұранда сызық
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: lûlpêç
 * Maori: maurea
 * Persian:
 * Polish: helisa
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: pilipit
 * Turkish:

 * Catalan: hèlix
 * Finnish: heliks
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἕλιξ
 * Modern:
 * Tagalog: pilipit

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: hèlix
 * Esperanto: helikso
 * Finnish: heliks, ylärusto
 * Greek:
 * Portuguese:, hélix
 * Russian:

Verb

 * 1) To form or cause to form a helix.

Etymology
Borrowed from, from.

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) a kind of ivy
 * 2) a kind of willow
 * 3) a whorl, a small ornament on the capital of Corinthian columns

Etymology
.

title: helix


text:
Gretel

Proper noun

 * , diminutive of Margarete.
 * 1) A fictional character in the German fairy tale Hansel and Gretel.

Translations

 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Italian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Spanish: Gretel
 * Swedish:

 * Arabic: غْرِيتِل, جْرِيتِل
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek: Γκρέτελ
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian: Gretel
 * Japanese: グレーテル
 * Korean: ^그레텔
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: Гре́тель
 * Spanish: Gretel
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: Gretel

Proper noun

 * 1) Gretel, the girl in the fairy tale Hansel and Gretel (original German name: Hänsel und Gretel (Hänsel und Grethel)).
 * 2) * 1812, Kinder- und Haus-Märchen. Gesammelt durch die Brüder Grimm, p. 52 & 53 (Gretel with feminine gender) and p. 55 & 57 (Gretel with neuter gender), part of the fairy tale Hänsel und Gretel:
 * "de"
 * "de"

- Und als der Mond aufgegangen war, faßte er die Gretel bei der Hand [...] Doch tröstete er die Gretel und sprach [...]

 * "de"

- Das Gretel aber schüttelte sie und rief: [...] [...] und darum hatte sie das Gretel gerufen [...]

Etymology
.

title: Gretel


text:
Template:sofixit

If you feel a change is needed, feel free to make it yourself! Wiktionary is a wiki, so anyone — including you — can edit any entry by following the edit link. You don't even need to log in, although there are several reasons why you might want to. Wiki convention is to be bold and not be afraid of making mistakes. If you're not sure how editing works, have a look at How to edit a page, or try out the Sandbox to test your editing skills. New contributors are always welcome.

title: Template:sofixit


text:
Rhymes:English/ɛsən

Pronunciation
-ĕsən, /-ɛsən/, /-Es@n/

Two syllables

 * Essen
 * lessen
 * lesson

title: Rhymes:English/ɛsən


text:
Rhymes:English/ɛʃəl

Pronunciation
-ĕshəl, /-ɛʃəl/, /-ES@l/

title: Rhymes:English/ɛʃəl


text:
MDC

Number

 * 1) The Roman numeral MDC (1,600)

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  GCD

title: MDC


text:
Movement for Democratic Change

Proper noun

 * 1) A political party in Zimbabwe, founded in 1999. Abbreviation: MDC.

title: Movement for Democratic Change


text:
Rhymes:English/ɛʃən

Pronunciation
-ĕshən, /-ɛʃən/, /-ES@n/

title: Rhymes:English/ɛʃən


text:
Rhymes:English/ɛvəl

Pronunciation
,

Two syllables

 * bevel
 * devel, devvel
 * devil
 * kevel
 * level
 * nevel
 * Neville
 * revel
 * shevel

Three syllables

 * bedevil
 * bi-level
 * dishevel
 * high-level
 * illevel
 * low-level
 * relevel
 * split-level
 * unkevel
 * unlevel

Four syllables

 * dumpy-level
 * multilevel

title: Rhymes:English/ɛvəl


text:
Neville

Etymology

 * A baronial surname,, from place names in Normandy, , from  or , equivalent to  +.
 * Also as an surname, from   (see ) or   (see ).

Proper noun

 * 1) A placename:
 * 2) .  the correct French spelling.
 * 3) . The correct spelling is.
 * 1) .  the correct French spelling.
 * 2) . The correct spelling is.
 * 1) . The correct spelling is.

Synonyms

 * de Neville
 * Néville-sur-Mer

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 內維爾
 * French:, de Néville
 * Norman: Neville, de Neville

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 濱海內维爾
 * French: ,
 * Norman: Neville

 * French:
 * Norman: Neville

title: Neville


text:
Rhymes:English/ɛvən

Pronunciation
,

title: Rhymes:English/ɛvən


text:
dero

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  A homeless person, a tramp; a social derelict, especially an alcoholic.

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:vagabond

Noun

 * 1) a kind of cultural dance

title: dero


text:
Rhymes:English/ɛvə(ɹ)n

Pronunciation
,

title: Rhymes:English/ɛvə(ɹ)n


text:
alpha helix

Noun

 * 1) A secondary structure found in many proteins, in which the amino acids are arranged in a coil, or helix, with almost no free space on the inside and all side chains being pointed towards the outside

Derived terms

 * alphahelical

Translations

 * Catalan: hèlix alfa
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: α螺旋
 * Finnish: alfa-kierre
 * Greek: άλφα έλικα
 * Irish: alfa-héilics
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese: alfa-hélice, hélice alfa
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian: alfa uzvojnica
 * Spanish: hélice alfa

title: alpha helix


text:
jackaroo

Etymology
Obscure. Possibly from an Aboriginal term meaning ‘wandering white man’.

Noun

 * 1)  A white man living outside of a white settlement.
 * 2)  A trainee station manager or owner, working as a stockman or farm hand; formerly, a young man of independent means working at a station in a supernumerary capacity to gain experience.

Verb

 * 1)  To work as a jackaroo.
 * Bill has gone jackarooing out west.

title: jackaroo


text:
IWF

Proper noun

 * : an association of volkssport organizations and clubs.

title: IWF


text: octapus

title: octapus


text:
Akimel O'odham

Noun
("People of the River")

 * 1) Pima, a Uto-Aztecan people of southwest Arizona. The Pima language is a dialect of O'odham.

title: Akimel O'odham


text:
User talk:PullUpYourSocks

Hello PullUpYourSocks,

Just wanted to let you know, there is a relatively new task of moving acronyms, abbreviations (and initialisms) from the old manual list to automatic categories. If you'd like to help that effort, just include, or  in the ===...=== heading section. Those templates add the heading text, and add that article to the appropriate categories automatically.

P.S. Welcome! And keep up those great entries! --Connel MacKenzie 19:17, 26 Jan 2005 (UTC)

"past of" template
Did you know there is a "past of" template that works for verbs the same way that "plural of" does for nouns? --EncycloPetey 03:19, 21 August 2006 (UTC)

I say!
I say, old boy, how are you? Cheers to seeing you here and whatnot! bd2412 T 03:27, 21 August 2006 (UTC)

ki
Hello PullUpYourSocks, I noticed that you wrote a Czech entry ki. I have never heard about such a conjunction. Are you sure that it exists? Best regards, Karelklic 13:40, 18 November 2008 (UTC)

obraz and face
I am unaware that the Czech obraz also means "face". --Dan Polansky 15:18, 16 March 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:PullUpYourSocks


text:
tax return

Noun

 * 1)  A declaration of income etc. for tax purposes: a report of income, deductions, contributions, and related financial information filed by a taxpayer with a national or local tax authority, used by the authority to determine the amount of taxation, usually consisting of forms completed by the taxpayer.

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 納稅申報單, 退稅申請, 納稅申報表
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French: déclaration d'impôt, déclaration d'impôts,, déclaration fiscale
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Indonesian: surat pemberitahuan, SPT
 * Japanese: 税金申告
 * Maori: puka tāke
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Polish:, zeznanie podatkowe
 * Portuguese: declaração de imposto, declaração de impostos
 * Russian: нало́говая деклара́ция
 * Serbo-Croatian: poreska prijava
 * Spanish: declaración de impuestos, declaración de la renta
 * Swedish: inkomstdeklaration,
 * Tagalog: ulat sa buwis
 * Turkish:

title: tax return


text:
bimbo

Etymology
From, variant of. Originated in Italian American theater, attested 1919, as “stupid, inconsequential man”, by 1920 developed sense of “, attractive and stupid woman”. Popularized in 1920s by Jack Conway of entertainment magazine , who also popularized and. Revived in popularity in 1980s US political sex scandals.

Noun

 * 1)  A physically attractive woman who lacks intelligence.
 * 2) * a. 1992, P. J. O’Rourke, a sketch
 * A bimbo is a woman who is not pretty enough to be a model, not smart enough to be an actress, and not nice enough to be a poisonous snake.
 * 1)  A stupid or foolish person.
 * 1) * a. 1992, P. J. O’Rourke, a sketch
 * A bimbo is a woman who is not pretty enough to be a model, not smart enough to be an actress, and not nice enough to be a poisonous snake.
 * 1)  A stupid or foolish person.
 * 1)  A stupid or foolish person.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: кифла
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Finnish:
 * French: ravissante idiote, gourde sexy,
 * German:, Betthäschen
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Italian: oca giuliva
 * Polish:, karyna , lalunia,
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: mujer florero
 * Swedish:

 * Czech: ,
 * French:, , ,
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian:, ,

Etymology
Borrowed from, from.

Noun

 * 1)   unintelligent floozie

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1)  moron

Etymology
Variant of.

Noun

 * 1) child, baby (male)

Etymology
From, from.

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1)   attractive and stupid young woman

title: bimbo


text:
script kiddie

Noun

 * 1)  A (usually amateur) hacker who compromises files on others' computers or launches attacks on computer systems, using widely distributed computer programs or scripts rather than developing their own.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 腳本小子
 * French:
 * German: Scriptkiddie
 * Greek:

title: script kiddie


text:
Talk:rule

In technical drawing a 'ruler' is a device (straight edge) used for producing straight lines. In early 'pen and ink' drawing, a 'ruling pen' (a sharp pointed tool that could hold a drop of ink between two adjustable nibs) was used with a ruler for making precise lines.

In technical drawing linear measurements are made with a scale, not a ruler. (There are many types of measuring scales in technical drawing; architect's, civil engineer's, mechanical engineer's, fractional, decimal, etc.)

rule
"Something to keep order". Way too vague. In fact I don't know what it means at all. But a policeman keeps order, is he a rule? I don't think so. So, what does it mean? I really don't know. --Mglovesfun (talk) 11:34, 12 November 2011 (UTC)
 * There is no way to clean up something as vague as this without citations. It would seem to have no usable content. I added two senses, but I don't think they approximate the sense. The entry is simply deficient of many senses that competing, more complete dictionaries have. We don't even have what Webster 1913 had (11 senses and subsenses). DCDuring TALK 13:15, 12 November 2011 (UTC)
 * We should probably just delete it, then. --Mglovesfun (talk) 09:34, 13 November 2011 (UTC)

Delete unless someone can find a way to improve it. —msh210℠ (talk) 22:45, 29 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Delete, should've followed my instinct and speedy deleted it back in 2011. Mglovesfun (talk) 15:57, 30 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Move to RfV where its deletion will follow if it is so deserved. MWOnline has 15 definitions for this noun. We have six. There is an excellent chance that this definition will provoke a few definitions that would close the gap. DCDuring TALK 16:22, 30 January 2013 (UTC)
 * I always strongly recommend against RFV for definitions where nobody knows what it means. Mglovesfun (talk) 11:29, 1 February 2013 (UTC)

 * Delete. I agree with Mglovesfun that this is too vague and that a RFV can hardly improve something of which no one knows what it means. Just to be on the safe side and broaden my idea of various meanings of the noun "rule", I have checked entries for "rule" in some other dictionaries. --Dan Polansky (talk) 19:57, 2 February 2013 (UTC)

deleted -- Liliana • 17:29, 25 April 2013 (UTC)

3-2-1 rule
There should be 3 copies of data. On 2 different media. With 1 copy being off-site. JMGN (talk) 13:00, 10 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:rule


text:
biconcave

Adjective

 * 1)  Having both sides that are concave.
 * a biconcave lens
 * the biconcave vertebrae
 * Red blood cells are biconcave.

Translations

 * French:
 * Greek:
 * Italian: biconcavo
 * Persian: دوکاو

Etymology
From.

title: biconcave


text:
carry the bat

Verb

 * 1)  To bat throughout the whole of an innings, being one of the openers and remaining not out when 10 wickets have fallen.

title: carry the bat


text:
dau

Noun

 * Jane, dau John
 * Jane, dau John

Noun

 * 1) leaf

Etymology 1
From. Compare Daco-🇨🇬,.

Verb

 * 1) to give

Etymology 2
Feminine form of. From, nominative feminine of.

Numeral

 * 1)  two

Noun

 * 1) leaf

Etymology
From a, of uncertain origin; perhaps of origin, cf. , or alternatively from, from , the past participle of , from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) die polyhedron with symbols on each side
 * 2)  vent (position in the pinya)

Ideophone

 * 1)  deep

Etymology
Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) dao

Noun

 * 1) year

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) hammer

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  dead

Contraction

 * 1) Contraction of ' + '

Noun

 * 1) dhow

Etymology 2
.

Noun

 * 1) a prize pool

Noun

 * 1) leaf

Noun

 * 1)  ash

Verb

 * 1)  to burn

Etymology
From, from , from.

Numeral

 * 1)  two

Usage notes
In compounds, generally takes the form deu-:

title: dau


text:
pedwar

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from.

Numeral

 * 1)  four

Usage notes

 * is used only before grammatically masculine nouns.

title: pedwar


text:
chwech

Etymology
From, from , from.

Numeral

 * 1)  six

Usage notes

 * triggers the aspirate mutation in the literary language, but in the spoken language this is only occasionally heard.

Noun

 * 1)  sixpence

title: chwech


text:
saith

Etymology 1
From, from.

Alternative forms

 * (modern form)
 * (modern form)

Verb

 * , B. Blake (1836), p.663
 * In this life we have but a glimpse of this beauty and happiness; we shall hereafter, as John saith, see him as he is.
 * , B. Blake (1836), p.663
 * In this life we have but a glimpse of this beauty and happiness; we shall hereafter, as John saith, see him as he is.
 * In this life we have but a glimpse of this beauty and happiness; we shall hereafter, as John saith, see him as he is.

Etymology
From, from , from , from.

Numeral

 * 1)  seven

title: saith


text:
wyth

Etymology
From, from (compare 🇨🇬),.

Numeral

 * 1)  eight

title: wyth


text:
naw

Etymology
In Scottish use, from, , , from , from. More generally, a colloquial, unarticulated form of no; compare. More at.

Interjection

 * 1)  No.

Etymology
From, from , from.

Numeral

 * 1)  nine

Etymology
Probably from or.

Adverb

 * 1) not

Particle

 * 1) no

Noun

 * 1) friend

Noun

 * 1) child

Noun

 * 1) sea
 * 2) salt
 * 3) wave

Etymology
, from, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1) nine

Etymology 1
From, from , from.

Numeral

 * 1)  nine

Noun

 * 1) knife

title: naw


text:
deg

Etymology 1
Abbreviations

Verb

 * 1)  To sprinkle, moisten.

Etymology
From, from , from.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) large cooking pot

Pronoun

 * 1)  thee, you; object form of
 * 2) (also deg selv) yourself

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) ear

Etymology
From, from , from , from.

Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) dough; a thick mix of flour and water
 * 2)  dough (money)

Numeral

 * 1)  ten

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from.

Numeral

 * 1)  ten

Noun

 * 1) ten

title: deg


text:
ecotourism

Noun

 * 1) Responsible  travel to natural areas supporting the fauna, flora, and local economy.

Related terms

 * ecodollars
 * ecodollars

Translations

 * Arabic: سِيَاحَة بِيئِيَّة
 * Armenian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, 生態觀光
 * Czech: ekoturistika
 * Danish: økoturisme
 * Dutch: duurzaam toerisme
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish: ekomatkailu, ekoturismi
 * French:
 * Georgian: ეკოტურიზმი
 * German: Ökotourismus
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: תיירות אקולוגית
 * Hindi:
 * Icelandic: visthæf ferðamennska
 * Irish: éiceathurasóireacht
 * Japanese:
 * Kannada:
 * Khmer: អេកូទេសចរណ៍
 * Korean: 생태 관광(生態觀光)
 * Macedonian: екотуризам
 * Malay: ekotourisme
 * Maltese:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: økoturisme
 * Nynorsk: økoturisme
 * Persian: طبیعت‌گردی
 * Polish: ekoturystyka
 * Portuguese: ecoturismo
 * Russian:, экологи́ческий тури́зм
 * Serbo-Croatian: ekološki turizam, eko-turizam
 * Spanish: turismo ecológico,
 * Swedish: ekoturism
 * Tagalog:
 * Tibetan:
 * Turkish: ekoturizm
 * Vietnamese: du lịch sinh thái
 * Welsh: ecodwristiaeth

title: ecotourism


text:
長崎

Etymology
.

title: 長崎


text:
ながさき

Proper noun

 * 1)  Nagasaki (a city in Kyushu)

title: ながさき


text:
Nagasaki

Proper noun

 * , famous as the country's early modern entrepot and for its nuclear bombing on 9 August 1945 at the end of World War II.

Translations

 * Arabic: نَاغَاسَاكِي, نَاجَازَاكِي
 * Armenian: Նագասակի
 * Belarusian: Нагаса́кі
 * Bulgarian: Нагаса́ки
 * Carpathian Rusyn: Наґаса́кі
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Finnish: Nagasaki
 * Georgian: ნაგასაკი
 * German:, Nangasaki
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: נגסאקי
 * Hindi: नागासाकी
 * Hungarian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: ^나가사키, ^나가사끼
 * Latin: ,
 * Macedonian: Нагаса́ки
 * Marathi: नागासाकी
 * Persian: ناکازاکی, ناگازاکی
 * Portuguese:, , Nangasáqui, Nangasaque
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian: Нагасаки
 * Tajik: Нагасаки
 * Tamil: நாகசாகி
 * Thai: นะงะซะกิ
 * Turkish: Nagasaki
 * Ukrainian: ,
 * Uyghur: ناگاساكى
 * Vietnamese: Nagasaki

Etymology
.

title: Nagasaki


text:
three-dimensional

Adjective

 * 1)  Existing in three dimensions.
 * 2)  Having depth, or the illusion of depth, as well as height and width.
 * 3)  Lifelike.

Translations

 * Arabic: ثُلَاثِيُّ الْأَبْعَادِ
 * Azerbaijani: üçölçülü
 * Belarusian: трохвыме́рны, трохме́рны
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 三維
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech: ,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: tridimensia
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: tridimensional
 * Georgian: სამგანზომილებიანი
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: תלת-מימדי
 * Hungarian: háromdimenziójú,
 * Icelandic: þrívíður
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: үшөлшемді
 * Korean:
 * Manx: tree-howshanagh, tree towshanagh
 * Maori: ahutoru
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: tredimensjonal
 * Persian: سه‌بعدی
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, в трёх измере́ниях,
 * Scottish Gaelic: trì-mheudach
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: tatluhing-sukod
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: триви́мірний, об'є́мний

 * Azerbaijani: üçölçülü
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:
 * Galician: tridimensional
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Manx: tree-howshanagh, tree towshanagh
 * Persian: سه‌بعدی
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: trì-sheallach
 * Spanish:
 * Tagalog: tatluhing-sukod
 * Turkish:

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: trì-mheudach, trì-sheallach

title: three-dimensional


text:
長崎県

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) a prefecture of Japan comprising the western part of  facing the Sea of Japan and nearby islands; its capital city is also

title: 長崎県


text:
two-dimensional

Adjective

 * 1) Existing in two dimensions.
 * 2) Not creating the illusion of depth; lacking detail or believability.
 * a two-dimensional character in a play

Translations

 * Belarusian: двухме́рны, двухвыме́рны
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech: ,
 * Danish:
 * Esperanto: dudimensia
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: bidimensional
 * Georgian: ორგანზომილებიანი
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: דו־ממדי
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Maori: ahurua
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: todimensjonal
 * Persian: دوبعدی
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: bidimensional
 * Russian:, ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: dà-mheudach
 * Slovak: dvojrozmerný
 * Spanish: bidimensional
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: dadalwahing sukod
 * Ukrainian: двови́мірний

 * Esperanto: dudimensia
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Hebrew: דו־ממדי,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: dà-mheudach, dà-sheallach
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish: ,

 * Romanian:

title: two-dimensional


text:
mutual

Etymology
Borrowed from, from.

Adjective

 * 1) Having the same relationship, each to each other.
 * 2) Collective, done or held in common.
 * 3) Reciprocal.
 * 4) Possessed in common.
 * 5)  Owned by the members.
 * 1) Possessed in common.
 * 2)  Owned by the members.
 * 1)  Owned by the members.
 * 1)  Owned by the members.
 * 1)  Owned by the members.

Synonyms

 * ; see also Thesaurus:joint
 * ; see also Thesaurus:reciprocal

Translations

 * Arabic: مُتَبَادَل
 * Armenian:
 * Asturian: mutuu
 * Azerbaijani: ortaq
 * Bashkir: үҙ-ара, уртаҡ
 * Catalan: mutu
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: gensidig
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: reciproka
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ორმხრივი, ურთიერთზიარი, თანაზიარი
 * German:, ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: gagnkvæmur
 * Ingrian: keskinäin
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Korean:
 * Latin: mūtuus
 * Macedonian: за́емен, меѓу́себен
 * Malayalam:
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:
 * Sanskrit:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: взає́мний

 * Armenian:
 * Bashkir: үҙ-ара
 * Bulgarian:
 * Danish: gensidig
 * Esperanto: reciproka
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French:
 * Georgian: თანაზიარი, ორმხრივი
 * German: ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Hungarian: ellenoldali
 * Icelandic: gagnkvæmur
 * Italian: ,
 * Latin: mutuus
 * Lithuanian: savitarpinis
 * Macedonian: за́емен, меѓу́себен
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Ukrainian: взає́мний, обопі́льний

 * Bashkir: уртаҡ
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan: mutu
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: fælles
 * Esperanto: komuna
 * Finnish:
 * Georgian: საზიარო
 * German:, ,
 * Greek:
 * Icelandic:
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian: зае́днички
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: frithpháirteach
 * Russian:

 * Scottish Gaelic:

Noun

 * 1) A mutual fund.
 * 2)  A mutual organization.
 * 3)  Either of a pair of people who follow each other's social media accounts.

Etymology
..

Adjective

 * 1) reciprocal

title: mutual


text:
website

Noun

 * 1)  A collection of interlinked web pages on the World Wide Web that are typically accessible from the same base URL and reside on the same server.

Translations

 * Afrikaans:
 * Albanian: vënd i rrjetës
 * Amharic: ዌብሳይት
 * Arabic: مَوْقِع وِيب
 * Algerian Arabic: سِيت
 * Egyptian Arabic: لِينْك
 * Armenian: ցանցակայք, վեբ կայքը,
 * Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܫܵܘܦܵܐ ܐܸܠܝܼܩܲܛܪܘܿܢܵܝܵܐ
 * Azerbaijani: veb-sayt, sayt
 * Basque: webgune
 * Belarusian: вэб-са́йт, сайт, вэб-старо́нка
 * Bengali:
 * Breton: lec'hienn
 * Bulgarian: уе́бсайт
 * Burmese: ဝက်ဘ်ဆိုဒ်
 * Car Nicobarese: vep sait
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 網站
 * Hokkien:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: website
 * Danish: websted,, website
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Esperanto: retejo, TTT-ejo
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:, , www-sivu,
 * French:, , ,
 * Galician: sitio web
 * Georgian: ვებსაიტი
 * German:, , Webauftritt, Internetauftritt, Webpräsenz, Internetpräsenz
 * Greek: ,
 * Gujarati: જાળસ્થળ
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: जालपृष्ठ, वेबसाइट, साइट,
 * Hungarian:, webhely, ,
 * Icelandic: vefsetur,
 * Ido: retoloko
 * Indonesian: situs web
 * Interlingua: sito del web
 * Irish: suíomh gréasáin
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Kapampangan: karinan-aptas
 * Kazakh: веб-сайт, сайт
 * Khmer: វិបសាយ, ស្ថានបណ្ដាញ
 * Korean: 웹사이트,
 * Kyrgyz: веб-сайт,
 * Lao: ເວັບໄຊຕ໌
 * Latin: situs interrētiālis
 * Latvian: tīmekļa vietne
 * Lithuanian: internetinė svetainė
 * Macedonian: мре́жно ме́сто, веб-сајт, сајт,
 * Malagasy:
 * Malay: tapak sesawang, laman sesawang, laman web, tapak web
 * Malayalam: വെബ്സൈറ്റ്, ജാലീസ്ഥാനിക, വെബ്സ്ഥാനം
 * Maltese: sit elettroniku, sit
 * Maori: pae tukutuku
 * Marathi: संकेतस्थळ,
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: вэб сайт
 * Navajo: níłchʼi naaltsoos, Béésh Łichíʼii biyiʼdóó ił Nahazʼą́ baa Haneʼ
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: nettside, hjemmeside, heimeside
 * Nynorsk: nettside, heimeside
 * Occitan: site web
 * Persian:, ,
 * Polish:, strona WWW,
 * Portuguese:, , , web site, sítio web, , sítio na Internet,
 * Romanian:, site web
 * Russian:, , , страни́ца интерне́та
 * Scots: wabsteid
 * Scottish Gaelic: làrach-lìn, ionad, ionad eadar-lìon
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: веб-локација,веб-место, веб-сајт, веб-страница
 * Roman: web-lokacija, web-mjesto, web-sajt, web-stranica
 * Sinhalese: වෙබ්-අඩවිය
 * Slovak: website, websídlo, webové sídlo, webová lokalita, weblokalita
 * Slovene: spletna stran, spletišče
 * Sotho: websaete
 * Spanish: sitio web,, ,
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:, , ,
 * Tagalog: pahinarya, websayt
 * Tajik:, сайт, вебгоҳ, торгоҳ, веб-сайт, торнамо
 * Tamil:
 * Thai:
 * Tigrinya: መርበብ መካን
 * Tok Pisin: websait
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: websaýt
 * Ukrainian:, ,
 * Urdu: ویب سائِٹ, ویب گاہ
 * Uyghur: تور بېكەت, تور پونكىتى
 * Uzbek: vebsayt
 * Vietnamese: trang web, trang mạng, trang thông tin điện tử
 * Volapük: resodatoped
 * Walloon:
 * Welsh: ,
 * Yakut: уэбсайт
 * Yiddish: וועבזײַטל, וועבפּלאַץ

Etymology
.

Etymology
Borrowed from,.

Noun

 * 1) web site

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) web site

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) web site

Etymology
.

title: website


text:
PDF

Proper noun

 * 1)   now just Parkinson's Foundation.
 * 1)   now just Parkinson's Foundation.

Verb

 * 1) To convert to PDF format.

title: PDF


text:
oh my heck

Interjection

 * 1)  for "Hell" from "Oh my hell" or "Oh hell!"

title: oh my heck


text:
Talk:direct

removed

 * 1) Direct flight. (Travel industry) A flight with a single flight number but not necessarily a non-stop service.

and added direct flight to derived terms. --Connel MacKenzie 03:48, 27 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Etymology
Is all this etymology really necessary? It seems quite lengthy, and the last line seems like an advertisement! Rainmonger 13:02, 29 August 2006 (UTC)

Initial stress?
I'm not a native speaker, but I think I've heard this pronounced, perhaps chiefly when the following noun has initial stress as well. For example direct contact as. Or am I mistaken?

 * Longman Pronunciation Dict. reads
 * the stress-shifted form ˌdaɪərekt is frequent in British English in phrases such as ˌdirect ˈdebit ; but the weak-vowelled variant is also heard, dəˈrekt, dɪ-, with no stress shift, thus diˌrect ˈdebit.  JMGN (talk) 18:37, 21 March 2023 (UTC)

directer
directer reads (Adjective) comparative of direct: more direct. JMGN (talk) 18:17, 21 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:direct


text:
User talk:Dmol

digger
From Chambers 2005: "digg'er n a person or animal that digs; a miner, esp a gold-miner; an Australian or New Zealand soldier; an informal Australian term of address; a machine for digging." This suggests that the stuff you removed was correct. Equinox ◑ 00:40, 21 March 2009 (UTC)

 * But the term cobber does not mean any of the terms listed at digger and this is why i removed it. I have just added rfv-sense to the etymology, as nothing in it explains the origin of the term meaning an Aussie soldier.  The quote you show means we are missing a definition, which I alluded to in the listing of RFV, but does not explain the soldier meaning.--Dmol 00:47, 21 March 2009 (UTC)

cross the floor
Hi, Dmol. I certainly didn't label this as Canadian only. I marked it British, Canadian, much as my CanOD does (“Brit. & Cdn.”).

“Commonwealth English” is a useless label – there is no such variety of the language, and the term is absent from linguistics and from all dictionaries. Canada is in the Commonwealth, but its speech and writing are not based on British English. —Michael Z. 2009-04-01 03:26 z

 * I've taken to using British as all the dictionaries do, meaning the English language from Britain, as opposed to (North) American English. Of course if we have more detailed information, then specific countries or regions should be listed.

 * In fact I've been working quite a bit on cleaning up our regional dialect labels. Eventually that combination should read a less awkward British, Canadian (or should it be British and Canadian?).  I'm currently making a daring move outlined at WT:BP, to gently wean us away from “Commonwealth” and “UK”.  We'll see how this goes. —Michael Z. 2009-04-01 03:46 z

pavee
This is supposedly how Irish Travellers refer to themselves. Jews call themselves "Jews". Is "Jew" pejorative/derogatory? The fact that someone might use "Jew" with derogatory intent does not make it derogatory. "Pavee" seems the same. DCDuring TALK 00:51, 13 May 2009 (UTC)

bankers lamp
Okay to move this to banker's lamp:? Equinox ◑ 11:50, 26 February 2010 (UTC)
 * "bankers lamp" seems to get more hits, but so does banker lamp: SemperBlotto 11:52, 26 February 2010 (UTC)
 * Not so in Google Books (~600 versus ~30 for the apostrophe-less form). However, the plural banker's lamps: is annoyingly more common in Books than the more plausible bankers' lamps:. Gawd only knows. Equinox ◑ 11:56, 26 February 2010 (UTC)
 * I'm easy. My feeling is that the most common should prevail. --Dmol 12:08, 26 February 2010 (UTC)

Reminds me of a sign I saw at burger king. "WE NOW ACCEPT YOUR SNAP CARDS'"Gtroy 23:00, 10 September 2011 (UTC)

Etymology

 * From Irish plámás meaning flattery.

Pronunciation

 * 1) plor / moss

Noun

 * 1) flattery, guile.

WT:RFV
Hi Dmol,

Were you still planning to follow up on this, or should I go ahead and fail both senses?

Thanks in advance, —Ruakh TALK 20:24, 9 March 2010 (UTC)

Votes/2010-04/Voting_policy
Just letting you know of this surprisingly contentious vote. Input from more Wiktionarians such as yourself would be much appreciated. Thanks. – Krun 09:30, 22 May 2010 (UTC)

merk
Er - that's not actually separate from the sense already there, ie this word is now spelled mark. It's exactly the same word as we used for the currency of Germany. < class="latinx">Ƿidsiþ 10:51, 28 May 2010 (UTC)

Babel box
Hello, any chance you add a box to your user page? I'd appreciate it. --Dan Polansky 06:33, 7 June 2010 (UTC)

Kosovo
Hi. The RfV discussion for Kosovo you keep referring to did not accept anything. You brought it to RfV because anons were changing it, then some people expressed some thoughts, then anon activity ceased and someone struck the discussion. If you feel that the current definition is POV, please bring Kosovo to RfV so that we can come to a real consensus. --Vahag 15:28, 27 July 2010 (UTC)

Monica, etc
There is no data of the name Monica before St. Augustine's Confessions. The mention of the saint is quite essential to the etymology. Ideally all etymologies should say when the name was first assessed- compare Per. That's why saints are put into etymologies. Do you have written proof that the name Ciarán existed before St. Ciarán of Saigir? I will put back that saint too unless you provide evidence. I've the impression that you edit on basis of your personal experience - and that's quite valuable in discussion rooms about English usage - but questions of etymology and frequency must be based on dictionaries and statistics. --Makaokalani 09:09, 21 June 2011 (UTC)

Britain and Ireland
FYI, you recently took part in an RFD on Britain and Ireland. I've opened a thread on the term in the tea room. Essentially, I am providing citations to support its inclusion (both ones that define the term as a synonym to British Isles and that demonstrate its use beyond a sum of parts of Britain and Ireland).

Regards, --Rannpháirtí anaithnid 21:47, 27 July 2011 (UTC)

Noun

 * 1)  a raffle run to raise money for a charity.
 * 2) * 1992. A person who conducts a trade promotion art union must ensure that a prize in the art union is delivered to the winner of the prize within 1 month of the drawing of the art union.
 * ART UNIONS AND PUBLIC, AMUSEMENTS REGULATION 1992, Qld govt.
 * 1) * 2011. What exactly is an art union I hear you ask? Well it is simply an official term used by regulation boards such as the Queensland Office of Gaming Regulation that describes a lottery where the total value of the prizes exceeds $20,000 and the game is operated by a non profit organisation.
 * |Mater Prize Homes Website
 * 1) * 2011. Annually the Association conducts 10 major art unions with prizes from $80,000 - $120,000 each art union. Tickets are only $2 (AUS) each and the winner can choose any combination of prizes.
 * |Sporting Wheelies Organisation website

track marks
so if it is not limited to that category, what if it is definitely relevant to that area. I have a goal off adding emergency medicine terminology here. Would it be best if I just create an appendix or gallery of all the relevant terms in one place then?Gtroy 22:16, 10 September 2011 (UTC)

Well that is what I initially wanted to do but SemperBlotto told me he created a template instead and that it was a category too and to use that and since he is quick to block for almost any reason I am not keen on disregarding what he told me to do. As for 1-2-can-do I know for sure you can find it in the guidebook for San Francisco's NERTS program.Gtroy 22:31, 10 September 2011 (UTC)

I need help with SAMPLE should I try to figure out how to create a new article in all caps which I currently cannot do if not is there a better way of formatting my entry at sample ?Gtroy 23:24, 10 September 2011 (UTC)

county
I'v had another go at fixing the UK usage note - please see the talk page. Also, I would hope the fact that I'm editing anonymously is irrelevant. 109.155.172.74 21:24, 13 September 2011 (UTC)

money-grubbing
Hey, it's a word, you know :) Equinox ◑ 13:10, 27 September 2011 (UTC)

tilly
Hi. You might like to comment on what I've written at Talk:tilly. Cheers, Bjenks (talk) 06:13, 25 April 2012 (UTC)

Sami
Calling Sami "nomadic" is a grave simplification. Please read, which defines the Sami livelihood as: "Traditionally, the Sami have pursued a variety of livelihoods, including coastal fishing, fur trapping, and sheep herding. Their best-known means of livelihood is semi-nomadic reindeer herding.". I admit that my wording wasn't the best possible either. I'll substitute "indigenous" for "nomadic". That, at least, is an undisputed attribute. --Hekaheka (talk) 16:05, 27 October 2014 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Dmol. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Dmol~enwiktionary that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:43, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

black babies
It looks like we're in an edit war. I suggest that we resolve this here. For your reference, here is a good explanation of the grammatical issue that I described in my edit summary. Wiki Winters ☯ 韦安智  21:40, 9 December 2015 (UTC)

naturalism
Naturism and Naturalism are two very different words with very distinct definitions. No "request for verification" is needed; just check any dictionary and you will see this is the case. Eg: http://www.wikidiff.com/naturalist/naturist

Xanderox (talk) 20:01, 16 May 2016 (UTC)

Also, this should further clear up the fact that the "mix up" is not common: https://sites.google.com/site/emilyrussavage/prescriptivism

Assault Rifle
Assault rifles have to be select fire. I think you are confusing the term assault weapon and assault rifle. Afootpluto (talk) 13:23, 16 March 2019 (UTC)

Not a commentary or another definition (dirty old man)
It's not a commentary, it's just facts. It's not another definition, it's the same definition, only complete. Even Oxford Dictionary's definition is written similarly. 151.68.168.216 21:21, 21 July 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dmol


text:
tumorigenesis

Alternative forms

 * (mainly UK)
 * (mainly UK)

Noun

 * 1)  Production of a new tumor or tumors.
 * 2)  The process involved in the production of a new tumor or tumors.

Translations

 * Portuguese: tumorigénese, tumorigênese

title: tumorigenesis


text:
Talk:tumorigenesis

orginator of article (not logged in at the time it was made) = Courtland

title: Talk:tumorigenesis


text:
conduct

Etymology
From, from , perfect passive participle of ; see also. .

Noun

 * 1) The act or method of controlling or directing.
 * 2) Skillful guidance or management.
 * 3) * 1722 (first printed), Poems, &c. written upon several occasions, and to several persons
 * Conduct of armies is a prince's art.
 * 1) Behaviour; the manner of behaving.
 * 2)  Plot.
 * 3)  Convoy; escort; person who accompanies another.
 * 4)  Something which carries or conveys anything; a channel; an instrument; a conduit.
 * 5)  A priest hired to hold services without secure title;  a chaplain.
 * 1) Behaviour; the manner of behaving.
 * 2)  Plot.
 * 3)  Convoy; escort; person who accompanies another.
 * 4)  Something which carries or conveys anything; a channel; an instrument; a conduit.
 * 5)  A priest hired to hold services without secure title;  a chaplain.
 * 1)  Plot.
 * 2)  Convoy; escort; person who accompanies another.
 * 3)  Something which carries or conveys anything; a channel; an instrument; a conduit.
 * 4)  A priest hired to hold services without secure title;  a chaplain.
 * 1)  Convoy; escort; person who accompanies another.
 * 2)  Something which carries or conveys anything; a channel; an instrument; a conduit.
 * 3)  A priest hired to hold services without secure title;  a chaplain.
 * 1)  Something which carries or conveys anything; a channel; an instrument; a conduit.
 * 2)  A priest hired to hold services without secure title;  a chaplain.
 * 1)  Something which carries or conveys anything; a channel; an instrument; a conduit.
 * 2)  A priest hired to hold services without secure title;  a chaplain.
 * 1)  A priest hired to hold services without secure title;  a chaplain.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Czech:
 * Finnish:
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Italian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:, ,
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:, , ,
 * Ukrainian: поведі́нка
 * Venetian:

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Czech:, ,
 * Finnish:
 * Hungarian: vezetői/vezetési/hadvezetői/hadvezetési/irányítási/irányítói készség/képesség/tehetség
 * Polish:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Ukrainian:

 * Armenian:
 * Asturian: conducta
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Corsican:
 * Czech:
 * Esperanto:, agmaniero
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Friulian: condote
 * Gothic: 𐌿𐍃𐌼𐌴𐍄
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἀγωγή
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Irish: béasa
 * Italian: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: ڕەوشت
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Maori: whanonga
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Sanskrit:
 * Sardinian: conduta, cundhuta
 * Scottish Gaelic: dol a-mach, giùlan
 * Sicilian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:, , ,
 * Tagalog: kaasalan
 * Ukrainian: поведі́нка
 * Venetian: condota

 * Czech:, zápletka
 * Polish:
 * Swedish:

Verb

 * 1)  To lead, or guide; to escort.
 * 2)  To lead; to direct; to be in charge of (people or tasks)
 * 3)  To behave.
 * 4)  To serve as a medium for conveying; to transmit (heat, light, electricity, etc.)
 * 5)  To direct, as the leader in the performance of a musical composition.
 * 6)  To act as a conductor (as of heat, electricity, etc.); to carry.
 * 7)  To carry out (something organized)
 * 1)  To behave.
 * 2)  To serve as a medium for conveying; to transmit (heat, light, electricity, etc.)
 * 3)  To direct, as the leader in the performance of a musical composition.
 * 4)  To act as a conductor (as of heat, electricity, etc.); to carry.
 * 5)  To carry out (something organized)
 * 1)  To direct, as the leader in the performance of a musical composition.
 * 2)  To act as a conductor (as of heat, electricity, etc.); to carry.
 * 3)  To carry out (something organized)
 * 1)  To direct, as the leader in the performance of a musical composition.
 * 2)  To act as a conductor (as of heat, electricity, etc.); to carry.
 * 3)  To carry out (something organized)
 * 1)  To carry out (something organized)

Translations

 * Belarusian: вадзі́ць, павадзі́ць;  весці́, павесці́; право́дзіць праве́сці
 * Bulgarian:
 * Danish: føre
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: gvidi, konduki
 * Finnish:, ,
 * Friulian: condusi
 * German: ,
 * Gothic: 𐌱𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽
 * Hungarian:
 * Ido: ,
 * Irish: treoraigh
 * Italian:
 * Ladin: condujer
 * Latin:
 * Oromo: geggeessuu
 * Ottoman Turkish: گوتورمك
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, ; ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:, ,
 * Telugu:
 * Ukrainian: прово́дити,

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Ido:
 * Maori: whakahaere
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Swedish:, , , ,
 * Telugu:
 * Ukrainian: керува́ти

 * Azerbaijani: davranmaq, özünü aparmaq, rəftar etmək
 * Bulgarian: държа се
 * Dutch: zich gedragen
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: sich verhalten, sich benehmen
 * Gothic: 𐌿𐍃𐌼𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: uppföra sig
 * Ukrainian: вести́ себе́, пово́дитися

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Finnish:
 * Hungarian:
 * Latin:
 * Polish:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,

 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech: dirigovat
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:, ,

 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Italian:
 * Maori: kawe
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Hungarian:, , , ,
 * Mari:
 * Eastern: ышташ
 * Polish:, ,

 * Esperanto:

Etymology
or.

Noun

 * 1)  duct

title: conduct


text:
لغة إنجليزية

Noun

 * 1) the English language

title: لغة إنجليزية


text:
driveway moment

Etymology
Marketing coinage of NPR (National Public Radio), who used the phrase to encourage listeners to send in stories about what they had been listening to.

Noun

 * 1) A brief compulsion to finish listening to something on the radio before leaving one's car.

title: driveway moment


text:
User talk:RobotGMwikt

If this is a bot, why isn't it running as a bot? it's filling up recent changes, even when "hide bots" is selected.
 * I have the same grievance. Please stop running this bot until it has official bot status. I do approve of the work it is doing but we have specific bot support to keep Recent changes useful and it's very important that it be used. If there is no response I will ask on IRC and may even block this user for a short time. — Hippietrail 06:57, 27 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * I know GerardM personally and I will ask him to request bot status before continuing on the English Wiktionary. Do we have a page to do so?
 * I think it's good to have a bot do some work while visible on recent changes before it gets bot status. But now it does get in the way. Polyglot 10:39, 27 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Yes it was good to have a bunch of say 20 or so, but now it's a bit too much. The place to get bot status is on meta: http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_permissions — Hippietrail 13:26, 27 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * You are right. It seems he got a bit carried away... I don't think he will get bot status for that account before it has been 'voted' upon over here. If you have a look at that page, I believe it says that the English Wiktionary is not clear yet about the policy for bots. So I think it needs to be discussed over here first. Then he can refer the person who can change the account status to that discussion and its outcome. Polyglot 14:48, 27 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * As you may know I have asked over a week ago for bot status. Nobody objected and nobody commented. I have said that I will announce new functionality a week in advance. This in contrast to all other bot operators. I was under the impression that there was a bug in RC because of observations on another wiktionary. GerardM 15:17, 27 Jan 2005 (UTC)

RobotGMwikt is now registered as a bot
Hi, FYI, RobotGMwikt is now registered as a bot on the en:wiktionary. GerardM 18:52, 27 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Appendices
Hi, could you persuade your robot to leave pages in the Appendix namespace alone? Kappa 00:03, 21 May 2006 (UTC)

Possible bug?
Would you be willing to take a look at this:. Now, I certainly do not know a whole lot about bots and how they work, but it seems to me that this edit was in error. I'll revert it, but you may want to take a look at your bot. If I'm making a mistkake, I apologize. Cerealkiller13 23:14, 30 January 2007 (UTC)

 * There are more of these I found yesterday, while fixing some Han characters. How can it do this?

 * More to the point, how do we find you in a timely way? Robert Ullmann 11:21, 28 February 2007 (UTC)

Removing links
The bot is presently removing a lot of valid links. It is confused? Robert Ullmann 11:39, 28 February 2007 (UTC)

Why is this bot removing interwiki links?
Over the past week, this bot has removed a fairly large number of valid interwiki links, and I can't fingure out why. For example, in this edit, the bot removed a link to pl:room from the page for room. Why? --EncycloPetey 06:08, 1 March 2007 (UTC)

please stop removing iwkis to redirects
We want to link to content on the FL wikts, respecting their policy on page titles for particular spellings, idiomatic forms, and possible errors. These should not, and must not, be removed.

Additions are welcome. Robert Ullmann 00:25, 5 May 2008 (UTC)

 * When an interwiki points to a redirect, and it is for any of the things you mention, you forget the notion of homonymy. A word that is in "need" of a redirect may be correct in another language. Consequently creating interwiki links to redirects gives the idea that the word exists and is considered correct while in actual fact it is not. Thanks, GerardM 06:33, 5 May 2008 (UTC)

 * After some discussion on IRC, User:GerardM pointed out that he is not able to alter the bot's behavior, either to not remove links to redirects for en wikt edits, or to exclude en wikt from the list of wikts where the bot edits, because this would require modifications to the code, which is out of his scope. In lieu of this he has stopped the bot from running altogether. He also disagrees with the en wikt link policy for redirects, but that is not a technical issue. ArielGlenn 07:22, 5 May 2008 (UTC)

 * This is an incomplete and a POV reflection of what was said. ArielGlenn was not able to argue why the existing policy makes sense, he even suggested that it should be revisited. The only argument left was that policy says .... So Wiktionary is not where you may be bold.. The whole notion that the alternative would be that the bot would otherwise be blocked is for convenience sake forgotten. As I understand that there are other bots now doing the interwiki work I find that this discussion is therefore largely immaterial.

 * Problem is that people from other wiktionaries disagree on this last one.. GerardM 07:34, 5 May 2008 (UTC)

It should be noted that bot runner refuses to answer questions about the technical capability of the code. Further, the code is apparently not available for documentation and review, as strictly required by policy in WT:BOTS. Robert Ullmann 09:11, 5 May 2008 (UTC)

 * This is utterly wrong. It is plain what software I use I have stated this often enough. Thanks GerardM 09:16, 5 May 2008 (UTC)

 * Then what is it? You said Andre Engels changed it (interwiki.py? or something else?) for you; availability of the resulting code is required. Robert Ullmann 09:20, 5 May 2008 (UTC)

 * As it has always been committed to the code repository, there is no issue as far as I am concerned. GerardM 09:30, 5 May 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:RobotGMwikt


text:
köszön

Etymology
Probably from a language, related to 🇨🇬. See other related words at 🇨🇬. The Hungarian meaning may derive from the narrowing of the sense “to wish” into “to wish sy. well or blessings”, i.e. on occasion of greeting them or saying them goodbye.

Verb

 * 1)  to greet (someone: ), to say hello
 * 2)  to thank (someone:, for something: )
 * 1)  to thank (someone:, for something: )

Usage notes

 * As shown in the examples, the only grammatical clue to decide the meaning of the verb in a given sentence (aside from context) is to check whether it has an object (the thing being thanked for, indirect object in English), even if it is indefinite or implicit (, definite conjugation [“for it”]).
 * If there is no reference to the thing thanked for, the phrase needs to be used.

title: köszön


text:
eng.

Noun

 * 1)  English language;

title: eng.


text:
User:Evil Monkey

I am Evil Monkey

title: User:Evil Monkey


text:
User talk:Evil Monkey

Talk to me at Evil Monkey

title: User talk:Evil Monkey


text:
dydd

Etymology
From, from , from , from (compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), from  (compare 🇨🇬).

Noun

 * 1) day, daytime

Usage notes

 * generally refers to the uncountable period of light. is also used with the names days of the week and with holiday and festival names. It its in contrast to the word . (cf. French, Italian )

 * , on the other hand, is countable and refers to an individual day and so is the word used when employing a qualifying numeral or adjective. It is there the opposite of . (cf. French, Italian )

title: dydd


text:
dydd Gwener

Etymology
, a.

Proper noun

 * 1) Friday
 * 2) Friday daytime

title: dydd Gwener


text:
dydd Iau

Etymology
, a.

title: dydd Iau


text:
dydd Llun

Etymology
, . Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

title: dydd Llun


text:
dydd Mawrth

Etymology
, a.

title: dydd Mawrth


text:
dydd Mercher

Etymology
From, a.

title: dydd Mercher


text:
dydd Sadwrn

Etymology
, a.

title: dydd Sadwrn


text:
dydd Sul

Etymology
, . Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

title: dydd Sul


text:
dyn

Symbol

 * 1) dyne

Noun

 * 1) The edible nettle plant.

Noun

 * 1) a dune (hill of sand piled up by wind or waves)

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from , a derivation of.

Noun

 * 1) folk, folks
 * 2) man
 * 3) person (male or female)

Etymology
From, from.

Determiner

 * 1) your second-person singular informal possessive determiner

title: dyn


text:
dynes

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) woman

title: dynes


text:
rear

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from , , from.

Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬; and a. More at.

Related to rise and raise, which is used for several of its now archaic or obsolete senses and for some of its senses that are currently more common in other dialects of English.

Verb

 * 1)  To bring up to maturity, as offspring; to educate; to instruct; to foster.
 * 2)  To breed and raise.
 * 3)  To rise up on the hind legs
 * 4)  To get angry.
 * 5)  To rise high above, tower above.
 * 6)  To raise physically or metaphorically; to lift up; to cause to rise, to elevate.
 * Poverty reared its ugly head. appeared, started, began to have an effect
 * The monster slowly reared its head.
 * 1)  To construct by building; to set up
 * to rear defenses or houses
 * to rear one government on the ruins of another.
 * 1)  To raise spiritually; to lift up; to elevate morally.
 * 2)  To lift and take up.
 * 3)  To rouse; to strip up.
 * to rear defenses or houses
 * to rear one government on the ruins of another.
 * 1)  To raise spiritually; to lift up; to elevate morally.
 * 2)  To lift and take up.
 * 3)  To rouse; to strip up.
 * 1)  To lift and take up.
 * 2)  To rouse; to strip up.
 * 1)  To rouse; to strip up.

Usage notes

 * It is standard US English to raise children, and this usage has become common in all kinds of English since the 1700s. Until fairly recently, however, US teachers taught the traditional rule that one should raise crops and animals, but rear children, despite the fact that this contradicted general usage. It is therefore not surprising that some people still prefer to rear children and that this is considered correct but formal in US English. It is widespread in UK English and not considered formal.

 * It is generally considered incorrect to rear crops or (adult) animals in US English, but this expression is common in UK English.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Irish: tóg
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Portuguese:, , ,
 * Russian:, , , , ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: tog
 * Spanish:
 * Vietnamese:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese:

 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * Galician:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: そびえ立つ
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Russian:, , , , ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: tog
 * Spanish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: vychovat
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto:
 * Ewe: nyi
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:, ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: τρέφω
 * Ido:
 * Irish: tóg
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Khmer: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: پێگەیشتن, پەروەردە کردن
 * Lao:
 * Latvian: audzināt
 * Maori: whakatipu, whakatupu
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: tog
 * Spanish:
 * Thai:
 * Vietnamese:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: τρέφω
 * Ido:
 * Irish: tóg
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Khmer:
 * Lao:
 * Maori: whakatupu
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: tog
 * Spanish:
 * Thai:
 * Vietnamese:

 * Bulgarian: изправям се на задни крака
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: nousta takajaloilleen
 * Georgian: ყალყზე დადგომა
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 後ろ足立ちする
 * Maori: tānapu
 * Polish:
 * Russian: встава́ть на дыбы́, встать на дыбы́

Etymology 2
From, from , ultimately from. Compare arrear. .

Adjective

 * 1) Being behind, or in the hindmost part; hindmost

Translations

 * Arabic: خَلْفِيّ
 * Belarusian: за́дні, ты́льны
 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ὀπίσθιος
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Korean: ,
 * Latin: postīcus
 * Macedonian: заден
 * Norman: arriéthe
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: bakre
 * Nynorsk: bakre
 * Polabian: aχterskă
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: за̏дњӣ
 * Roman:
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: за́дній, ти́льний

Adverb

 * 1)  early; soon

Noun

 * 1) The back or hindmost part; that which is behind, or last in order.
 * 2)  Specifically, the part of an army or fleet which comes last, or is stationed behind the rest.
 * 3)  The buttocks or bottom.
 * 1)  Specifically, the part of an army or fleet which comes last, or is stationed behind the rest.
 * 2)  The buttocks or bottom.
 * 1)  The buttocks or bottom.

Translations

 * Afar: sarra
 * Armenian: ,
 * Bulgarian: задна част
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: bagdel
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:, , peräpää
 * Hungarian:, , hátsó fertály
 * Ingrian: perä
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Korean:
 * Maori: muri
 * Norman: arriéthe
 * Ottoman Turkish: آرد
 * Pashto:, څټ
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: за́дняя часть, за́дняя сторона́,
 * Saho: sarra
 * Spanish:

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: selusta, takajoukko
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Maori: hiku
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Finnish: peräpää
 * French:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian:, ,
 * Maori: kumu
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Walloon:

 * Ewe:
 * French:
 * Swedish:

Verb

 * 1) To place in the rear; to secure the rear of.
 * 2)  To sodomize perform anal sex

Etymology 3
From, from , from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  To move; stir.
 * 2)  To carve.
 * Rear that goose!
 * 1)  To revive, bring to life, quicken. (only in the phrase, to rear to life)
 * (Speculum Sacerdotale c. 15th century)

Usage notes

 * In the sense "bring to life", the more common variant of to rear to life is to raise to life. “I pray you, Declan, servant of God, that in the name of Christ you would raise to life for me the seven hostages whom I held in bondage from the chieftains of Munster." (Life of Saint Declan of Ardmore By Saint Declan of Ardmore, Aeterna Press, 2015.)

Etymology 4
From, from , , from , from , from. Related to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1)   Underdone; nearly raw.
 * 2)   Rare.

title: rear