text:
Wiktionary talk:Bookmarklets

There's no need to increase or decrease the font size before copy-pasting the JavaScript code into the Location Bar. Although Firefox only lets you paste one line into there, it counts a line as everything before a hard line break, so line wrapping doesn't affect this method. – Minh Nguyễn (talk, contribs) 05:53, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Wiktionary:Bookmarklets
Ancient page that's been around since 2006. Are we pushing for the use of a particular word here, and if so doesn't that go against Neutral point of view? TeleComNasSprVen 08:05, 3 May 2011 (UTC)
 * I don't understand the nomination. How does this page push for the use of a particular word? It's simply a list of scripts people can use, and instructions on how to use them. Why delete it? —msh210℠ (talk) 16:02, 4 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Couldn't have put it better myself. --Mglovesfun (talk) 16:10, 4 May 2011 (UTC)

Kept. —msh210℠ (talk) 15:42, 24 May 2011 (UTC)

title: Wiktionary talk:Bookmarklets


text:
ban-dalta

Noun

 * 1) foster daughter

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: ban-dalta


text:
daltan

Alternative forms
dalta

Etymology
From dala + tanan.

Noun

 * 1)  all-in-one

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) godson

title: daltan


text:
User:Robert Ullmann/Chinese indexes

see previous version

title: User:Robert Ullmann/Chinese indexes


text:
baist

Etymology
From, , , from , , , from , from.

Verb

 * 1)  baptize
 * 2)  name
 * 3)  add water to
 * 1)  add water to

Noun

 * 1) beast

Etymology
From, , , from , , , from , from.

Verb

 * 1)  baptize, christen

title: baist


text:
màmag

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  mum, mama

title: màmag


text:
mamaidh

Noun

 * 1)  mum, mummy

title: mamaidh


text:
bullfighter

Noun

 * 1) One who engages in bullfighting; a toreador or matador.

Translations

 * Arabic: مُصارِع ثِيرَانٍ, مُصَارِعَة ثِيرانٍ
 * Azerbaijani: öküz döyüşçüsü
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * French:, , ,
 * German:, ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: tarbhchomhraiceoir, tarbhadóir
 * Japanese: 闘牛士
 * Persian:
 * Portuguese:, , toureador
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Swedish:

title: bullfighter


text:
boban

Noun

 * 1)  daddy, papa
 * 2)  boy, laddie, pal
 * 3) godfather
 * 4)  darling

title: boban


text:
dadaidh

Noun

 * 1)  dad, daddy

title: dadaidh


text:
branchlike

Adjective

 * 1) resembling a branch of a tree

title: branchlike


text:
sinn-seanmhair

Noun

 * 1) great-grandmother

title: sinn-seanmhair


text:
sinn-seanair

Noun

 * 1) great-grandfather

title: sinn-seanair


text: ballgame

title: ballgame


text:
iar-ban-ogha

Noun

 * 1) great-granddaughter

title: iar-ban-ogha


text:
iar-ogha

Noun

 * 1) great-grandchild

title: iar-ogha


text:
iar-

Etymology
From.

Prefix

 * 1) after-, post-
 * 2) late, ex-
 * 3) west, western

Etymology
From.

Prefix

 * 1) post-
 * 2) vice-, deputy

title: iar-


text:
iar-bhan-ogha

Noun

 * 1) great-granddaughter

title: iar-bhan-ogha


text:
User:WeniWidiWiki

see WeniWidiWiki

title: User:WeniWidiWiki


text:
benefactress

Noun

 * 1) A female benefactor.

Translations

 * Arabic: مُتَبَرِّعَة, مُتَطَوِّعَة, مُحْسِنَة
 * Greek:
 * Ancient Greek: εὐεργέτῐς
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Polish:

title: benefactress


text: TZ

title: TZ


text:
Template:ga-decl-f2

Declension of

Second declension

title: Template:ga-decl-f2


text: water of crystallisation

title: water of crystallisation


text: crystallisation

title: crystallisation


text: boneblack

title: boneblack


text:
ἀτελής

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) without end
 * 2) not brought to an end or issue, unaccomplished
 * 3) incomplete, unfinished
 * 4) inchoate, imperfect
 * 5) neverending, endless
 * 6)  not bringing to an end, not accomplishing one's purpose
 * 7) not giving accomplishment to a thing
 * 8) free from tax or tribute, scot-free
 * 9)  untaxed, tax-free
 * 10)  without charge or deduction, net, clear
 * 11) not costly
 * 12) uninitiated
 * 1) neverending, endless
 * 2)  not bringing to an end, not accomplishing one's purpose
 * 3) not giving accomplishment to a thing
 * 4) free from tax or tribute, scot-free
 * 5)  untaxed, tax-free
 * 6)  without charge or deduction, net, clear
 * 7) not costly
 * 8) uninitiated
 * 1) neverending, endless
 * 2)  not bringing to an end, not accomplishing one's purpose
 * 3) not giving accomplishment to a thing
 * 4) free from tax or tribute, scot-free
 * 5)  untaxed, tax-free
 * 6)  without charge or deduction, net, clear
 * 7) not costly
 * 8) uninitiated
 * 1) not giving accomplishment to a thing
 * 2) free from tax or tribute, scot-free
 * 3)  untaxed, tax-free
 * 4)  without charge or deduction, net, clear
 * 5) not costly
 * 6) uninitiated
 * 1)  untaxed, tax-free
 * 2)  without charge or deduction, net, clear
 * 3) not costly
 * 4) uninitiated
 * 1)  untaxed, tax-free
 * 2)  without charge or deduction, net, clear
 * 3) not costly
 * 4) uninitiated
 * 1)  without charge or deduction, net, clear
 * 2) not costly
 * 3) uninitiated
 * 1) not costly
 * 2) uninitiated
 * 1) uninitiated
 * 1) uninitiated

title: ἀτελής


text:
lauta

Etymology
, from, from.

Verb

 * 1)  lean

Etymology
From (compare 🇨🇬), most likely borrowed from  (compare 🇨🇬), or alternatively from  (compare 🇨🇬). The word has also been borrowed into Samic (compare 🇨🇬).

Noun

 * 1) board long, wide and thin piece of sawn timber
 * 2) board long, wide and thin platform; the English translation is often, but not necessarily always the other way around
 * 3)  ironing board a woman who has small breasts
 * 4)  coffin
 * 1)  ironing board a woman who has small breasts
 * 2)  coffin
 * 1)  ironing board a woman who has small breasts
 * 2)  coffin
 * 1)  coffin

Usage notes

 * is generally at least 75 mm wide and no more than 38 mm thick. Anything narrower is called, and anything thicker is or.

Adjective

 * 1) loud

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

The sense "table" is a from a Southern  language, either 🇨🇬 or 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) board
 * 2) desk, table
 * 1) desk, table

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) lute (stringed instrument)

title: lauta


text:
prepossessed

Adjective

 * 1) Showing bias or partiality

title: prepossessed


text:
unprepossessed

Adjective

 * 1)  Not prepossessed; unbiased

Usage notes

 * Sometimes used mistakenly instead of unprepossessing

title: unprepossessed


text:
Template:ga-decl-m4

Declension of

Fourth declension

title: Template:ga-decl-m4


text:
တနင်္ဂနွေ

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) Sunday

title: တနင်္ဂနွေ


text: Category:my:Days of the week

title: Category:my:Days of the week


text:
တနင်္လာ

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) Monday

title: တနင်္လာ


text:
အင်္ဂါ

Etymology
Borrowed from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Proper noun

 * 1)  (~ဂြိုဟ်) Mars planet

Noun

 * 1) Tuesday
 * 2) limb; organ

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  Mars
 * 2) Tuesday

title: အင်္ဂါ


text:
ဗုဒ္ဓဟူး

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) Wednesday

Proper noun

 * 1)  (~ဂြိုဟ်) Mercury planet

title: ဗုဒ္ဓဟူး


text:
ကြာသပတေး

Etymology
. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) Thursday

Proper noun

 * 1)  (~ဂြိုဟ်) Jupiter planet

title: ကြာသပတေး


text:
သောကြာ

Etymology
, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Proper noun

 * 1)  (~ဂြိုဟ်) Venus planet

Noun

 * 1) Friday

title: သောကြာ


text:
စနေ

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) Saturday

Proper noun

 * 1)  (~ဂြိုဟ်) Saturn planet

title: စနေ


text:
어리다

Etymology 1
Originally meant only "to be foolish"; the "to be young" sense developed in the sixteenth century, because children are foolish and immature, and eventually became the main sense of the word. It partly displaced the original word for "to be young",, which now specifically means "to be youthful", i.e. people in their teens and twenties. The "to be foolish" sense was largely replaced by, originally a derived term.

Adjective

 * 1) to be young, to be little, to be a child;
 * 2) to be naïve; to be immature
 * 3)  to be ignorant; to be foolish
 * 1) to be naïve; to be immature
 * 2)  to be ignorant; to be foolish
 * 1)  to be ignorant; to be foolish
 * 1)  to be ignorant; to be foolish
 * 1)  to be ignorant; to be foolish

Etymology 2
, although this is probably a related term instead of a direct ancestor given the incompatible initial vowel.

Verb

 * 1)  to appear faintly
 * 2)  to appear faintly; to be tinged with
 * 3)  to come to the eyes
 * 4)  to fog; to congeal, making things faint to see
 * 1)  to come to the eyes
 * 2)  to fog; to congeal, making things faint to see
 * 1)  to come to the eyes
 * 2)  to fog; to congeal, making things faint to see
 * 1)  to come to the eyes
 * 2)  to fog; to congeal, making things faint to see
 * 1)  to fog; to congeal, making things faint to see

title: 어리다


text:
unprepossessing

Adjective

 * 1) Unimpressive or unremarkable; dull and ordinary; nondescript.

Translations

 * Dutch:, , ,
 * French:, , ,
 * Irish: míghnaíúil
 * Ukrainian: непоказний, непривабливий, не справляти враження

title: unprepossessing


text:
おのれに忠実であれ

Proverb

 * 1) to thine own self be true

title: おのれに忠実であれ


text:
kia ora

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Etymology
Desiderative verbal particle. Literally, "may [you] be of good health".

Interjection

 * 1) A greeting (salutation) said when meeting someone or acknowledging someone’s arrival or presence.
 * 2) An expression of gratitude (similar to cheers!).
 * 3) An expression of support or agreement (similar to hear hear).

title: kia ora


text:
Template:ga-decl-f-irreg

Declension of

Irregular

title: Template:ga-decl-f-irreg


text: discographies

title: discographies


text:
Template:ga-decl-f4

Declension of

Fourth declension

title: Template:ga-decl-f4


text:
Talk:British Isles

This definition is in serious dispute. It would be very difficult to find an Irish person who would refer to Ireland as part of the British Isles, or who would accept that the term British Isles contains anything other than the island containing Scotland, Wales, and England and the islands forming part of that jurisdiction. This definition needs to be more informative. I propose the following definition:

A group of islands off the northwest coast of mainland Europe, comprising Great Britain, Ireland (the island, although the inclusion of Ireland is disputed, see below), the Isle of Wight, the Isles of Scilly, the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man, the Outer Hebrides, the Inner Hebrides, the Orkney Islands, the Shetland Islands and many other smaller islands.

Only a small minority of the people on the island of Ireland would define the British Isles as including the island of Ireland. The vast majority would reject the notion as preposterous. Usage of the term "The British Isles" to include Ireland can sometimes be regarded as inappropriate or anachronistic, and such usage may cause offense.

Those of whom who would rather avoid being drawn into discussion on the matter prefer just to use the description “Western European Isles” as this does not contain the word British.

 * I would note that searching on the Irishtimes.com website for "British Isles" gives numerous examples of the use of "British Isles" in the newspaper. Most of them are quite casual and clearly do include the island of Ireland within their meaning. There are people who are vocal about the term being offensive, but they seem to be the ones who are a small minority rather than a vast majority. Dingo1729 03:41, 28 July 2011 (UTC)

 * In fairness, just glancing at the first page of the Irish Times' search results, about half appear in scare quotes, and it includes one article that mentions the problems with the term:
 * "Her celebration of the OS maps may have obscured a perspective that maps are simplified abstractions of complex worlds and that maps may privilege certain cultures, class groups and institutions in their representations. Hewitt is aware that place names constitute a contested domain. Yet her regular use of the name “British Isles” does not recognise the imperial reach of this term. I would have preferred had she used “Britain and Ireland”. (William J Smyth, 'An A to Z of the mapping of these islands', The Irish Times - Saturday, December 4, 2010)"
 * Certainly the term is used in Ireland. Certainly too the term is contested. However, that does not need to be overstated. --Rannpháirtí anaithnid 04:47, 28 July 2011 (UTC)
 * After spending far more time on this than it deserves, I looked at the most recent 50 uses of "British Isles". 45 of them do not use quotation marks and are clearly, as I said, casual and normal use of the term. Of the remaining 5, a pair are a near duplicate referring to Frederick Douglass and the other three refer to the anti-BI campaign (one of them making fun of it). The usage section here suggests that use of BI is anachronistic. This is ridiculous and the paragraph needs a complete re-write. Dingo1729 16:02, 30 July 2011 (UTC)

 * I'm not quite sure what you are expecting: mass demonstrations? silent vigils? riots? car bombs? Issues can exist with the use of a term without any great show of public sentiment towards it.
 * I've reverted your change and tried to make the section more balanced. Certainly there is no "campaign" and issues with the term are noted by more than just Irish nationalists. I think Norman Davies — neither Irish nor a nationalist (as far as I know) — puts the situation quite well here:
 * "'...having writen Europe: a history, I was invited to give a lecture at University College, Dublin. After the presentation, someone in the audience asked about my current project. I started to reply that I was thinking of writing a history of 'the British—'. I then realized that in Dublin, of all places, one cannot fairly talk of 'the British Isles'. The Isles ceased to be British precisely fifty years ago when the Republic of Ireland left the Commonwealth, though few people in the British residue have yet cared to notice. Various clumsy alternatives were discussed, such as 'the British and Irish Isles', 'Europe's Offshore Islands', and the 'Anglo-Celtic Archipelago'. In the end, it was decided that the only decent name for the forthcoming book was 'A History of These Islands'. And such was one of several working titles until, after much trial and error, I eventually arrived at The Isles: A History.' (Davies, Norman (1999). The Isles: A History. London: Oxford University Press. pp. p. xxii.)"
 * Would you mind posting a link to the article that makes fun of those who take issue with the term. I'd be interested in reading it. Thanks, --Rannpháirtí anaithnid 21:55, 1 August 2011 (UTC)

 * Will you ever stop? You have based years of Wikipedia campaigning mainly on one notoriously polemical tome and a bunch of glorified pamphlets. I own the Davies too - it's a call for political change. Sorry RA, this 'debating' is the majority of what you've done on WP. The stats simply prove it. For good or bad it's been a mission of yours. For what - 7 years now? Matt Lewis (talk) 03:47, 10 March 2012 (UTC)

In-line with Wikipedia and other encyclopedias, please.
Thousands of hours have been spent on this on Wikipedia. Please do not use Wiktionary to game that. Thank you.

All the major encyclopedias exclude the Channel Islands in their principal definition, but typically state that the term can also include them. Rather than be 'inclusive' without any comment (which can be used to make a political point about the terms 'awkwardness'), we can simply explain the situation. Also, the actual extent of Irish dislike of the term has often been hotly debated on WP (though it's hard to find similar debate in other media outlets), as is the degree it is being used 'less and less' outside of Ireland (if indeed this is actually the case, as the relatively-few examples found of less-use do not indicate how much the term is used daily on British TV, for example). For these reasons, it is best to avoid extreme statements, as there is not sufficient evidence to back them up. We know that at least some people take offence to the term (Wikipedia itself is proof of that) - though not at all how many. There is just not enough evidence around, so why argue between "some" and "many"? It is best to avoid both those words. Matt Lewis 00:27, 18 May 2011 (UTC)

 * It is neither Wiktionary's goal nor prerogative to follow what on-line encyclopedias choose for their social compromises. Wiktionary defines words according to attested usage in published documents, and not just for the most recent 20 years either.  Neither is a definition to be rewritten solely because of a potential for shift in one set of speakers; we have to consider usage in the US, Canada, India, Australia, and South Africa.  If you can show that there has been a global shift in the meaning of this proper noun as used in printed media, then you may have a valid point.  --EncycloPetey 03:47, 28 July 2011 (UTC)

 * Iv'e actually just read this - my apologies. I seem to be the '111' IP of a few days ago too - I must have assumed I was signed in when I made the last edit. I find IP editing really annoying, so apologies for that too.

 * I am right here in thinking that you seem to be saying that the US, Canada etc actively include the Channel Islands in their own localised definition of British Isles - and that it is up to me to prove that there has been a "global shift" from that? My reply is to ask, were is the evidence that those countries do include the CI's? Surely if they use it at all, they would use the technical geographical definition of British Isles being an archipelago, because the term, outside of the British Isles, is mostly used scientifically in the various professions? Please don't be fooled by Wikipedia on this - it says "by tradition can also include the Channel Islands", without being able to supply any reference, entirely as a compromise of its own (essentially via Original Research). For years the compromise favoured the term being heralded as "offensive to many Irish" at the top of the intro, in bold in the footnotes - wherever that idea could be placed, or was attempted to be placed. That was essentially a 'compromise' because of the people who favoured substituting all instances of 'British Isles' with obscure terms most people have never heard of like "Atlantic archipelago'. for me, that is beyond Wikimedia's remit. In my experience, those who have insisted that the Channel Islands absolutely must be included in the definition (which of course both splits and politicise the definition, weakening it's credibility) are the people who favour avoiding the term, and instead using an alternative term like Atlantic Isles only when it absolutely has to be used. I spent some time making a diagram once which showed both 'CI' and 'non-CI' definitions within it, and it was reverted by 3RR with the various anti-disruption page-locks at the time keeping the article from change. That's how bad it all was. Unfortunately it just happens to cover one of Wikipedia's most notorious areas - UK/IRE crossover, with elements of wider UK nationalism thrown in. The CI inclusion/exclusion issue effectively stopped the long-worked 'usage guideline' from being completed, which was another bonus for those who do not want WP to use the term.

 * Just to give balance - making it all even worse was a sockfarm of 'uber-British' accounts, which sometimes tried to use the word wherever they could, and as politically as possible.

 * Obviously, the only possible way around all this is to include as fair an explanation of the term's varied use as possible (and imo, in Wikipedia to have a MOS guideline preventing over-use). The problem for Wiktionary is how far it goes down the explanatory road. Dictionaries are notoriously hard to produce.

 * One last thing - Wikipedia is an encyclopedia, and to me this place essentially seems to be a shortened version of it. Why else include these terms here? There was always a fine line between the two entities - some people may remember Pears etc. Plain dictionaries tend to be more curtailed and inclusive (a limitation for all but the multi-volumes), and one would expect Wiktionary to aim for more than that - but for what? Matt Lewis (talk) 03:37, 10 March 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:British Isles


text:
Caitlyn

Proper noun

 * , one of the modern spelling variants of Caitlin.

title: Caitlyn


text:
Template:ga-decl-m3

Declension of

Third declension

title: Template:ga-decl-m3


text: 进来

title: 进来


text:
進來

Verb

 * 1) to come in; to come inside; to enter

title: 進來


text: jìnlái

title: jìnlái


text:
入来

Noun

 * 1) august visit
 * 2) arrival

title: 入来


text:
入來

Verb

 * 1)  to come in; to enter

title: 入來


text:
ammattilainen

Noun

 * 1) professional, pro person

Adjective

 * 1) professional, pro

title: ammattilainen


text: ji̍p-lâi

title: ji̍p-lâi


text: li̍p-lâi

title: li̍p-lâi


text:
banaali

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) banal

title: banaali


text:
barbaarinen

Adjective

 * 1) barbaric

title: barbaarinen


text:
barbaari

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) barbarian

title: barbaari


text:
basaari

Etymology
Ultimately from, from ; see it for more.

Noun

 * 1) bazaar

Etymology
Borrowed from, ultimately from , from ; see it for more.

Noun

 * 1) bazaar

title: basaari


text:
ennätys

Noun

 * 1) record

title: ennätys


text: 进去

title: 进去


text:
進去

Verb

 * 1) to go in; to enter
 * 2)  to be put in prison; to be locked up

title: 進去


text: jìnqù

title: jìnqù


text:
入去

Verb

 * 1)  to go in; to enter

title: 入去


text:
muie

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1)  blowjob
 * 2)  mouth

Phrase

 * 1)  fuck you, fuck y'all
 * 2)  fuck
 * 1)  fuck

title: muie


text: li̍p-khì

title: li̍p-khì


text: ji̍p-khù

title: ji̍p-khù


text:
kylki

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) side of a human or an animal
 * 2) sparerib cut of pork meat including the ribs and the meat between them
 * 3) loin cut of beef
 * 4) board or side of a ship
 * 5) side of a vehicle or other symmetric object
 * 6)  flanch, flaunch

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) side

title: kylki


text:
kylkiluu

Noun

 * 1)  rib bone

Etymology
From. Akin to 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) rib

title: kylkiluu


text:
entsyymi

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) enzyme

title: entsyymi


text:
epäterveellinen

Adjective

 * 1) unhealthy

title: epäterveellinen


text:
terveellinen

Adjective

 * 1) healthful, healthy

Usage notes
Not to be confused with.

title: terveellinen


text:
βούτυρο

Etymology
, compound of and.

Noun

 * 1) butter

Related terms
compounds like

title: βούτυρο


text:
Template:ga-decl-f3

Declension of

Third declension

title: Template:ga-decl-f3


text:
bouc

Etymology
, from, from , perhaps from the confluence of (compare 🇨🇬), from , , and  (compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), from , both from. More at.

Noun

 * 1) billy goat
 * 2) goatee
 * 1) goatee

Etymology
, ; see above.

Noun

 * 1) male goat

title: bouc


text: Category:Chairs

title: Category:Chairs


text:
chevrette

Etymology
From, diminutive of. Compare.

Noun

 * 1)  A machine for raising guns or mortar into their carriages.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) kid (young goat)
 * 2) doe
 * 3)  shrimp

title: chevrette


text:
Talk:histrionics

As far as the singular / plural status of this word, different dictionaries have varying views:
 * M-W online says: noun plural but singular or plural in construction
 * Encarta online dictionary has a "noun" entry with the note (takes a singular or plural verb); and a "plural noun" entry with the note that it's formal.
 * Collins Word Exchange has two senses which are listed under their "histrionic" entry. The first has the note (plural); the second has the notes (Rare) and (plural, functioning as singular)
 * AHD also has two senses. One has (used with a pl. verb); The other has (used with a sing. or pl. verb)

— Hippietrail 12:32, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:histrionics


text:
Talk:inverted comma

Why is this a redirect? --Gobbler 12:34, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Inverted commas vs (double) quotes
The article does not dwell very much on the difference between quotes or double quotes and inverted commas. Is this only a typographical distinction or is there more to it? Theking2 (talk) 16:04, 19 April 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:inverted comma


text:
Citations:poop

 * 1597: thou art our admiral, thou bearest the lantern in the poop., 1 Hen IV, iii 3

title: Citations:poop


text:
鋭角

Noun

 * 1)  acute angle

title: 鋭角


text:
User:R U Bn

=Verions of me=
 * Person
 * Web developer
 * Wikipedia(EN) -> Contributions
 * Wikipedia(NL) -> Contributions
 * Wikimedia Commons -> Contributions
 * Wiktionary(EN)

title: User:R U Bn


text:
kansallissosialismi

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) National Socialism

title: kansallissosialismi


text: Category:fi:Ideologies

title: Category:fi:Ideologies


text:
alihakemisto

Noun

 * 1)  subdirectory

title: alihakemisto


text: vatsalihakset

title: vatsalihakset


text:
automekaanikko

Noun

 * 1) An auto mechanic.

title: automekaanikko


text:
lempiväri

Noun

 * 1) favorite color

title: lempiväri


text:
inferring

Noun

 * 1) The act of one who infers something; the drawing of an inference.

title: inferring


text: Template:verbal noun of

title: Template:verbal noun of


text: User:EdC~enwiktionary

title: User:EdC~enwiktionary


text:
User:Phatom87

I am Phatom87.

title: User:Phatom87


text:
fromagerie

Noun

 * 1) A cheese shop.
 * 2) * 2007 May, back-cover blurb of, Maribeth Clemente, The Riches of Paris, second edition, St. Martin's, ISBN 0312361637 :
 * Whether you're after the most fashionable little black dress on the Right Bank or a wheel of savory Beaufort from a family-owned fromagerie, The Riches of Paris will help you shop your heart out in the City of Lights.
 * 1) * 2010 September, Kiku Obata, "Soulard & Shakespeare", St. Louis magazine, ISSN 1090-5723, volume 16, issue 9, page 73:
 * It could then serve as an incubator of new food and beverage companies: fromageries, bakeries, sausage shops, coffeehouses, and more.

Translations

 * French:
 * Polish:

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) cheeseshop; cheesestore;

title: fromagerie


text:
Cymro

Etymology
From late, from earlier , compound of +  (from ).

Noun

 * 1) Welshman

title: Cymro


text:
μαρμελάδα

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) jam; marmalade

title: μαρμελάδα


text:
Van Gogh

Pronunciation

Proper noun

 * 1) Vincent van Gogh, Dutch draughtsman and painter.

Translations

 * Arabic: فَان غُوخ, فِينْسِنْت فَان غُوخ
 * Hijazi Arabic: فان غوخ
 * Armenian: վան Գոգ, Վինսենթ վան Գոգ
 * Azerbaijani: van Qoq
 * Belarusian: ван Гог
 * Bengali: ভ্যান গখ, ভিনসেন্ট ভ্যান গখ
 * Bishnupriya Manipuri: ভিনসেন্ট ভ্যান গগ
 * Bulgarian: ван Гог
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 梵高, 文森特·梵高
 * Dutch: van Gogh
 * Finnish: van Gogh
 * Georgian: ვან გოგი, ვინსენტ ვან გოგი
 * Greek: βαν Γκογκ
 * Hebrew: ואן גוך, וינסנט ואן גוך
 * Hindi: वैन गो, विन्सेंट वैन गो
 * Japanese: ファン・ゴッホ, フィンセント・ファン・ゴッホ
 * Korean: ^반 ^고흐, ^빈센트 ^반 ^고흐
 * Latvian: van Gogs
 * Macedonian: ван Гог
 * Malayalam: വിന്സന്റ് വാന്ഗോഗ്
 * Marathi: फिन्सेंत फां गोघ
 * Persian: ونگوگ, ونسان ونگوگ
 * Portuguese: van Gogh
 * Russian: Ван Гог
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ван Гог
 * Thai: ฟินเซนต์ ฟัน โคค
 * Ukrainian: ван Гог
 * Yiddish: וואַן גאָך, ווינצענט וואַן גאָך

title: Van Gogh


text:
Cymraes

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) Welshwoman

title: Cymraes


text:
Template:ga-decl-m-irreg

Declension of

Irregular

title: Template:ga-decl-m-irreg


text:
User talk:Dvortygirl/February-2007

February WOTDs
Knowing that I'll be busy through the middle of this month, I've gone ahead and selected all the WOTD entries for February. There are a few exceptionally weird words in there this month, so have fun! PS - Did you skip January's calligram on purpose? Its pronunciation starts like supercalifragilistic... and ends like telegram, if that helps ;) --EncycloPetey 09:20, 2 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks. Could you record one for Samhain? It's been listed at both {rfp} and {rfap} for a while (with good reason!) However, I've asked my Gaelic and Wicca friends how it should be pronounced, and have also found that there's a good sound file recorded at this site as a .wav file, but that site is copyrighted, so we'll have to make our own. --EncycloPetey 04:51, 4 January 2007 (UTC)

How to get the better of them?
Sorry to disturb you, but it seems to me that you have created two essentially identical entries: get the better of somebody, get the better of. And both on the 23rd day of a month, too. :-) Dart evader 18:25, 3 January 2007 (UTC)

Thanks
Thanks for the Welcome you left on my talk page. I feel like im a newbie again :-)

Regards

 Dep. Garcia  ( Talk | Talk | Complaints ) 16:20, 4 January 2007 (UTC)

WikiCast - Needs you!!
Hi

Ages ago you said you might be interested in assisting with WikiCast. Would you still be interetsed in doing stuff that's Wikitonary related?

The project has refocused on programme production so there is less pressure.

Your poetry readings for WikiSource are also noted.

Looking forward to hearing fom you at WikiCast...

ShakespeareFan00 ( 62.56.80.206 20:12, 5 January 2007 (UTC) ) I don't have a user acount on Wiktionary

Okay, so I have to try twice......
........this works pretty well......... The edit click was too scary (I am way too tired for that right now), but the + works GREAT. Thank you so much. Enjoyed reading your explanation over here about your username, by the way........and I had been thinking classical music the whole time.......

This place should be very good for me because I have studied bits and chunks of quite a few languages and will really enjoy that side of things. Looking forward to being able to dive in a bit soon.

Thanks for the welcome. KnowItSome 07:52, 6 January 2007 (UTC)

Silent no longer
With the helpful information you put together, I was able to start recording sound files! I've done one successfully (for WOTD eidolon), by which I mean that I've figured out enough of the quirks of my computer to get it to work even when it was being cantankerous. --EncycloPetey 05:48, 8 January 2007 (UTC)

transpicuous
I can only hear the 'picuous' part in your audio recording. Also, I think the request for IPA transcription should still be up, as it is definitely a useful thing. zigzig20s 20:44, 21 January 2007 (UTC)

 * I've listened again and same problem. Not sure what you mean by 'crossfade'. I'm using VLC media player. I tried Windows Media Player but that wouldn't work with your sound for some reason. Also, I was told I could add pronstub tags if the category had less than 150 requests - this is all on my talk page. zigzig20s 21:13, 21 January 2007 (UTC)

Illustrative Quotes
Hi Dvortygirl: I have been adding some illustrative quotes to various entries. I cannot tell whether or not these have been patrolled (so I have no feedback as of yet, I guess). Can you just take a look at one of these, and tell me whether what I am doing makes sense and is likely to stick? http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Contributions/KnowItSome

Thanks very much.

KnowItSome 23:46, 22 January 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dvortygirl/February-2007


text:
Cymraesau

Etymology
From.

title: Cymraesau


text:
pocket money

Noun

 * 1)  A small sum of money given to a child, by a parent or guardian; an allowance
 * 2)  A small sum of cash, carried on the person, for small, daily expenses.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: sakgeld
 * Arabic:
 * Armenian: գրպանի փող
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: poŝmono
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: ჯიბის ფული
 * German:, Sackgeld
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: vasapeningar
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Irish: liúntas linbh, airgead póca
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 小遣い
 * Korean:
 * Lithuanian: kišenpinigiai
 * Macedonian: џе́парлак
 * Manx: argid ullee
 * Maori: moni pūkoro
 * Norman: sou d'pouchette, allouange , allouanche , hèrpîns d'mousse
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: lommepenger
 * Nynorsk: lommepengar
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: bani de buzunar
 * Russian: карма́нные де́ньги
 * Scottish Gaelic: airgead-pòcaid
 * Slovene: žepnina
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Swedish:, ,
 * Thai: เงินค่าขนม, ค่าขนม
 * Turkish: ,
 * Ukrainian: кишенько́ві гро́ші
 * Welsh:
 * Yiddish: טאַשנגעלט

 * Afrikaans: kleingeld
 * Arabic:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:, ,
 * Georgian: ჯიბის ფული
 * German:
 * Irish: airgead póca
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Portuguese: trocados
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

title: pocket money


text:
Mallorca

Etymology
From or, from , ultimately from.

Etymology
From, from , because the island is larger than Menorca. The change from -i- to -ll- is a hypercorrection against the of the Mallorcan dialect of Catalan.

Proper noun

 * 1) Majorca,

Etymology
From, from , from , because the island is larger than Minorca.

Proper noun

 * 1) Majorca,

Etymology
.

title: Mallorca


text:
sottise

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) stupidity, foolishness

title: sottise


text:
Ibiza

Etymology
Borrowed from, from , from , from , from.

Translations

 * Arabic: يَابِسَة, إِيبِيزَا
 * Armenian: Իվիսա
 * Basque: Eivissa
 * Belarusian: Іві́са
 * Bulgarian: Ибиса
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 伊維薩島
 * Czech:
 * Danish: Ibiza
 * Dutch: Ibiza
 * Esperanto: Ibizo
 * Estonian: Eivissa
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ივისა, იბიცა
 * German:
 * Greek: Ίμπιζα
 * Ancient Greek: Ἔβυσος
 * Hebrew: איביזה
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian: Ibiza
 * Japanese: イビサ島, イビサ
 * Korean: 이비사 섬
 * Latin: Ebusus
 * Latvian: Eivisa
 * Lithuanian: Ibisa
 * Macedonian: Ибица
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: Ibiza
 * Nynorsk: Ibiza
 * Occitan: Eivissa
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: Ibiza
 * Romanian: Ibiza
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: Ибиза
 * Roman: Ibiza
 * Sicilian: Ivissa, Ibbizza
 * Slovak: Ibiza
 * Slovene: Ibiza
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: İbiza
 * Ukrainian: Ібі́ца, Ейві́сса
 * Uyghur: ئىبىزا
 * West Frisian: Ibytsa

 * Arabic: يَابِسَة, إِيبِيزَا
 * Catalan:
 * Dutch: Ibiza
 * German:
 * Japanese: イビサ, エイビッサ
 * Occitan: Eivissa
 * Polish:

Proper noun

 * 1) a car model produced by SEAT

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

title: Ibiza


text:
User talk:Gizwidget~enwiktionary

leave me a message. ill probably not get back to you cuz ill be dead. <(00)>

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Gizwidget. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Gizwidget~enwiktionary that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:48, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 07:06, 21 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Gizwidget~enwiktionary


text: godchildren

title: godchildren


text: brainchildren

title: brainchildren


text: lovechildren

title: lovechildren


text: anticked

title: anticked


text: moonchildren

title: moonchildren


text: foster children

title: foster children


text:
Põhjasaar

Proper noun

 * 1) North Island, one of two major islands making up New Zealand

title: Põhjasaar


text:
Lõunasaar

Proper noun

 * 1) South Island, one of two major islands making up New Zealand

title: Lõunasaar


text: begirt

title: begirt


text:
consubstantial

Etymology
From, from +.

Adjective

 * 1) Of the same substance or essence.

Usage notes

 * Used especially of the three persons of the Christian Trinity.

Related terms

 * coessential
 * consubstantiality

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Old Armenian: էակ
 * French:
 * Greek:
 * Italian:, consostanziale
 * Manx: covreeoil
 * Serbo-Croatian: istobitan
 * Spanish:

title: consubstantial


text: universal donors

title: universal donors


text: Kanaari saared

title: Kanaari saared


text: dry dock

title: dry dock


text:
Talk:rumble

There is also the colloquial use of the term 'Rumbled'. Perhaps mainly London. It means to have been found out.

For example, "I've rumbled you" means "I have found out what you are up to!"

 * We now have this sense. Equinox ◑ 12:45, 8 July 2010 (UTC)

Audio
The sound of the rumble of thunder. --Mat200 12:37, 8 July 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:rumble


text:
Lihavõttesaar

Proper noun

 * 1) Easter Island, an island in the south Pacific, belonging to Chile.

title: Lihavõttesaar


text:
preconsonantal

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Immediately preceding a consonant or consonant sound.

title: preconsonantal


text:
ad valorem

Etymology
.

Adverb

 * 1) Measured by or in proportion to value.

Phrase

 * 1) By value.

title: ad valorem


text:
Emperor palm

Noun

 * 1) The plant depicted on the flag of Haiti.

Usage notes

 * It is unclear if this is just a stylized plant.

title: Emperor palm


text:
ad valorem tax

Noun

 * 1) A tax that is assessed as a proportion of the value of the property being taxed.

Translations

 * Tagalog: buwis ayon sa halaga

title: ad valorem tax


text:
lawbook

Etymology
Perhaps from, from , otherwise, from 🇰🇲. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) A book in which laws are codified.
 * 2) A textbook on some aspect of law.
 * 1) A textbook on some aspect of law.

Translations

 * German: Gesetzsammlung
 * Hungarian:

title: lawbook


text: ad valorem taxes

title: ad valorem taxes


text:
Makatea

Proper noun

 * 1) An island in French Polynesia; formerly Aurora.

title: Makatea


text:
Muhu

Proper noun

 * 1) Third largest island in Estonia, located between Saaremaa and the continent.

Translations

 * Danish: Muhu
 * Dutch: Muhu
 * Estonian: Muhu, (Muhumaa)
 * Finnish: Muhu, (Muhumaa)
 * French: Muhu
 * German: Muhu, (old names: Moon, Mohn)
 * Latvian: Muhu
 * Lithuanian: Muhu
 * Polish: Muhu
 * Russian:, Мо́он, Му́хумаа
 * Võro: Muhu

title: Muhu


text:
midslope

Noun

 * 1) Any position between the bottom and top of a slope.

title: midslope


text:
بلاگ

Etymology
From blog.

Noun

 * 1) blog

title: بلاگ


text:
pea coat

Etymology
Borrowed from +.

Noun

 * 1)  A coat of heavy, navy-coloured wool, originally worn by sailors of European navies.

Translations

 * Belarusian: бушла́т
 * Catalan:
 * Finnish: merimiestakki, kipparitakki
 * French:
 * German:
 * Irish: seaicéad sáile, cóta mairnéalaigh
 * Japanese: ピーコート
 * Korean: 피코트
 * Lithuanian: bušlatas
 * Russian: ,
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:
 * Uzbek:
 * Yiddish: בושלאַט

title: pea coat


text:
thimbleful

Noun

 * 1) As much as a thimble will hold.
 * 2)  A small amount of liquid, especially alcoholic spirits.

Translations

 * Finnish: sormustimellinen
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: lán méaracáin
 * Manx: lane mairane
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

 * Finnish:
 * Russian:

title: thimbleful


text:
toastmaster

Noun

 * 1) A person who introduces speakers, and proposes toasts at a formal dinner; a master of ceremonies.

title: toastmaster


text:
grudva

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) lump, clod
 * 2) snowball

title: grudva


text:
грудва

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) lump, clod
 * 2) snowball

title: грудва


text:
vin de maison

Noun

 * 1) house wine

title: vin de maison


text:
wine palm

Noun

 * 1) Any of several palms that have a sugary sap that can be fermented to produce palm wine; especially the fishtail palm  and the palmyra palm.

title: wine palm


text:
optimisation

Etymology
From.

Etymology
From, in imitation of optimization.

Noun

 * 1) optimization

title: optimisation


text:
из-за этого

Adverb

 * 1) therefore (in a colloquial context)

title: из-за этого


text:
barkeep

Etymology
, clipping of.

Noun

 * 1)  a bartender
 * 2) * 1999: Frasier (TV, episode 6.13)
 * Barkeep, a couple of beers here, please?
 * Barkeep, a couple of beers here, please?

title: barkeep


text:
beatable

Etymology
, in the sense of "able to be bettered" as a.

Adjective

 * 1) Able to be beaten or bettered.
 * 2) Able to be beaten or thrashed.

Translations

 * German:
 * Italian:

title: beatable


text:
Rhymes:English/eɪɡə

Pronunciation
-āgə, /-eɪɡə/, /-eIg@/

title: Rhymes:English/eɪɡə


text: struckthrough

title: struckthrough


text:
Talk:Earth

Does anyone know why the Dutch say Nova Zembla, instead of using the Russian земля? Mallerd 17:53, 4 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Because they don't speak Russian, but Dutch, obviously. The Russian name is Новая Земля, but it would be awkward to keep it as such (completely unassimilated, i. e., in Cyrillic writing or with native Russian pronunciation, depending on modality) in Dutch (or other foreign-language) contexts, so the Dutch have come up with an exonym Nova Zembla, which is far easier to pronounce, spell and type of print when you're a Dutch-speaking person in the Netherlands or Belgium who doesn't also speak Russian, has a Cyrillic typewriter, sorts for typesetting, or (nowadays) keyboard respectively. That's the whole idea of exonyms.
 * Or is your question about the addition of the /b/ in the Dutch version? Well, that's an epenthetical consonant that makes the transition from /m/ to /l/ easier, as /ml/ is a forbidden consonant combination in Dutch phototactics, as far as I'm aware. Obviously, there are several changes from the Russian (transliterated) Novaja Zemlja/Novaya Zemlya to the Dutch Nova Zembla, all in the interest of making the name conform better to the patterns of native Dutch words. --Florian Blaschke 12:10, 4 February 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Earth


text:
крёстный отец

Noun

 * 1) godfather
 * 2)  godfather (a mafia leader)

title: крёстный отец


text:
крёстная мать

Noun

 * 1) godmother

title: крёстная мать


text:
enterpriser

Noun

 * 1) An entrepreneur; a person who undertakes an enterprise.

title: enterpriser


text:
strikethrough

Etymology

 * the verb, in at least some cases, is a back-formation from the noun, despite being redundant to.

Noun

 * 1)  An horizontal line overlaid on other characters.
 * In HTML, wrapping text with the code <del> and </del> produces a strikethrough .
 * 1)  A horizontal or oblique line overlaid on individual characters.
 * horizontal
 * oblique
 * oblique

Translations

 * Esperanto: trastreko
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek: επιγράμμιση
 * Hungarian:
 * Japanese: 取り消し線
 * Maori: tāroto
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: genomstrykning

Verb

 * 1) * 2001, Rachel Webster, XHTML Simplified, A.D.R. (London) Limited, ISBN 1901197700, page 113,
 * The next requirement is to strikethrough, “ Yoga is just massage.
 * Inline style element <strike> carries out this task easily. It strikes through text.
 * 1) * 2003, Doug Sahlin, How to Do Everything with Adobe Acrobat 6.0, McGraw-Hill Professional, ISBN 0072229462, page 37,
 * Cross-Out Text   This tool is used to strikethrough selected text. You can change the color of the strikethrough and you can create a pop-up note with the Strikethrough Text tool as well.
 * 1) * 2006, Editors of BottleTree Books LLC, Myspace Maxed Out: Explode Your Popularity, Buzz Your Band and Secure Your Privacy on Myspace, BottleTree Books LLC, ISBN 1933747056, page 59,
 * To strikethrough text do this: <s> Strikethrough Text Goes Here </s>
 * To strikethrough text do this: <s> Strikethrough Text Goes Here </s>

title: strikethrough


text: strikethroughs

title: strikethroughs


text:
風呂敷

Noun

 * 1) A traditional Japanese wrapping cloth, traditionally used to transport clothes, gifts, or other goods; a furoshiki.

Coordinate terms

 * : a tenugui; Japanese hand cloth.

title: 風呂敷


text: strikesthrough

title: strikesthrough


text:
Talk:strikingthrough

In case anyone is confused, I am User:88.111.94.233 (the anonymous editor who created this entry). † Raifʻhār Doremítzwr 19:19, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Tea room discussion
I think the citations are all erroneous scans of striking through (two words). I can't find any of them on Google Books to check. Equinox ◑ 14:22, 15 March 2010 (UTC)
 * Found the Bierce and the witches quotes, both as "striking through" (though the Bierce might be from another edition). It doesn't look real to me, and if I saw such a thing I would assume a typo. Pingku 15:13, 15 March 2010 (UTC)
 * I would love to have this one deleted. But strikethrough as a verb passed rfv in July 2007. (see the talk page). I still think it is ugly, even if it does have verification. -- A LGRIF  talk 15:45, 15 March 2010 (UTC)
 * The infinitive may have passed RFV but I doubt this inflection can do so. Equinox ◑ 15:47, 15 March 2010 (UTC)
 * Verb inflections don't have to pass anything, unless claiming a defective verb or strong verb. And that would only apply to past and past participle, I think. -- A LGRIF  talk 16:03, 15 March 2010 (UTC)
 * Normally we don't separately RFV forms, but if someone does then I think the burden of proof is on those who claim it exists. All the more so in a case like this, where the form is so... odd.< class="Unicode">—msh210< class="Unicode">℠ 16:09, 15 March 2010 (UTC)
 * Yes, move to RFV, ditto first, second and third bases that I created a few days ago without realizing they are very very rare. Mglovesfun (talk) 16:13, 15 March 2010 (UTC)

RFV

 * Previous discussion: Talk:strikingthrough.

This had four cites. I was able to find three of them; all three actually used "striking through", so I've removed them from the entry. (Confirmatory URLs are in the edit history.) I couldn't find the fourth one, and am not inclined to credit it any further than the other three, especially since, with all respect to the citer, that quotation's metadata suggest a bit of shoddiness. (For example, the "New York State Federation of Chapters" in question must be the New York State Federation of Chapters of the Council for Exceptional Children.) So as far as I'm concerned, we need three cites that demonstrably use this form. When it comes right down to it, a typed-up quotation in an entry is hearsay, not evidence. ;-)  —Ruakh TALK 14:18, 21 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Google Groups has this one. — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 14:32, 23 February 2011 (UTC)
 * I don't see it. Did you mean strikethrough? Mglovesfun (talk) 17:07, 24 February 2011 (UTC)
 * It's in the subject line, viz. "track changes set to underline for insertion but strikingthrough". — Raifʻhār Doremítzwr ~ (U · T · C) ~ 01:15, 28 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Even if both the microsoft.public.word.docmanagement and the "State Federation of Chapters" quotations are valid, the word fails RFV for lack of a third quotation. - -sche (discuss) 18:04, 18 August 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:strikingthrough


text:
East Sea

Proper noun

 * 1)  The Dead Sea.

title: East Sea


text: Category:nl:Religion

title: Category:nl:Religion


text: Category:et:Islam

title: Category:et:Islam


text:
mošee

Noun

 * 1) mosque

title: mošee


text:
minarett

Noun

 * 1) minaret

title: minarett


text: malefactors

title: malefactors


text:
streight

Noun

 * While we were in this situation, one day the admiral, with most of the principal officers, and many people of all stations, being on shore, about seven o'clock in the evening we were alarmed by signals from the frigates stationed for that purpose; and in an instant there was a general cry that the French fleet was out, and just passing through the streights. - "The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano", by Olaudah Equiano or Gustavus Vassa
 * While we were in this situation, one day the admiral, with most of the principal officers, and many people of all stations, being on shore, about seven o'clock in the evening we were alarmed by signals from the frigates stationed for that purpose; and in an instant there was a general cry that the French fleet was out, and just passing through the streights. - "The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano", by Olaudah Equiano or Gustavus Vassa

Etymology
Past participle of. Corresponds to, , past participle of ,.

Adjective

 * 1) straight (not curved)
 * 2) direct

Adverb

 * 1) straight (directly)

title: streight


text: benefactresses

title: benefactresses


text:
šiiit

Noun

 * 1) Shiite

title: šiiit


text:
müts

Etymology 1
From German or Low German.

Noun

 * 1) hat, cap

Noun

 * 1) thump

title: müts


text: püksid

title: püksid


text: mummies

title: mummies


text:
pidžaama

Noun

 * 1) pyjamas

title: pidžaama


text:
mummifies

Verb

 * 1) * 1927, P. G. Wodehouse, 'The Small Bachelor', Arrow, 2008, pp 185-6
 * 'I'm sorry weddings depress you, Ferris. Surely when two people love each other and mean to go on loving each other...'
 * 'Marriage is not a process for prolonging the life of love, sir. It merely mummifies its corpse.'
 * 'Marriage is not a process for prolonging the life of love, sir. It merely mummifies its corpse.'

title: mummifies


text: mummifying

title: mummifying


text:
geometer

Etymology
From, , ultimately from , from , from +.

Noun

 * 1) A mathematician who specializes in geometry.
 * 2)  Any species of geometrid moth (family ).
 * 1)  Any species of geometrid moth (family ).

Translations

 * Arabic: مَسَّاح
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 幾何學家
 * Czech: geometr
 * Esperanto: geometro
 * Georgian: გეომეტრი
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: γεωμέτρης
 * Italian:
 * Khmer: អ្នករេខាគណិត
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

title: geometer


text:
topologist

Noun

 * 1) A mathematician who specializes in topology.

Derived terms

 * geometric topologist

Translations

 * Afrikaans: topoloog
 * Czech: topolog
 * Danish: topolog
 * Finnish:
 * Portuguese: topólogo
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:

title: topologist


text:
combinatorialist

Noun

 * 1) A mathematician who specializes in combinatorics.

Translations

 * Swedish:

title: combinatorialist


text: gestating

title: gestating


text:
entreprise

Etymology
Feminine past participle of entreprendre (undertake).

Noun

 * 1) company, business
 * 2) enterprise, project

title: entreprise


text: Template:procat

title: Template:procat


text: 进行

title: 进行


text: chìn-hêng

title: chìn-hêng


text: jìnxíng

title: jìnxíng


text: jinxing

title: jinxing


text: jīngcháng

title: jīngcháng


text:
User:Diego Godoy

We currently have special:statistics words.

 * My page in Spanish

 * My page in English

title: User:Diego Godoy


text:
鈍角

Noun

 * 1)  obtuse angle angle that is greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees

Noun

 * 1)  obtuse angle

title: 鈍角


text:
acorde a

Preposition

 * 1) according to
 * 2) suitable for; befitting of
 * 1) suitable for; befitting of
 * 1) suitable for; befitting of

title: acorde a


text:
acusador

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) accusatory

Noun

 * 1) accuser (one who accuses)

Etymology
, or from.

Adjective

 * 1)  accusatory

Noun

 * 1)  complainant
 * 2)  prosecutor
 * 3) accuser
 * 1) accuser
 * 1) accuser

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) accuser

title: acusador


text: abuelos

title: abuelos


text: abuelas

title: abuelas


text:
User:Bearingbreaker92~enwiktionary/Good Articles

The good articles project should follow these guidlines.

Other points to consider:
 * Perhaps 10 translations will make it good, the top 10 world languages for english words.
 * All pages should have the word in context.
 * translations should be accurate
 * needs etymologies
 * see also pages


text:
alfabeto latino

Noun

 * 1) Latin alphabet

Noun

 * 1) Latin alphabet

title: alfabeto latino


text:
alfabeto cirílico

Noun

 * 1) Cyrillic alphabet

title: alfabeto cirílico


text:
América del Norte

Proper noun

 * 1) North America; Usually excluding Central America and the Caribbean

title: América del Norte


text:
よかく

Noun

 * 1)   a complementary angle
 * 2)   the dative case
 * 3)  four strokes

title: よかく


text:
余角

Noun

 * 1)  complementary angle

title: 余角


text: tablas

title: tablas


text:
supplementary angle

Noun

 * 1)  An angle that, when added to another referenced angle, produces an angle of 180 degrees.
 * Angle A is 40°, and its complementary angle, B, is 140°.

title: supplementary angle


text:
補角

Noun

 * 1)  supplementary angle

Noun

 * 1)  supplementary angle

title: 補角


text:
属格

Noun

 * 1)  genitive case

Synonyms

 * : the term used for Slavic languages

title: 属格


text:
具格

Noun

 * 1)  instrumental case

Noun

 * 1) instrumental case

title: 具格


text:
造格

Noun

 * 1) instrumental case

title: 造格


text:
前置格

Noun

 * 1)  prepositional case

title: 前置格


text: たいかく

title: たいかく


text:
対角

Noun

 * 1)  opposite angle - in the quadrangles, the angle that is not the neighbour to an angle.

title: 対角


text:
autologous

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Derived from part of the same individual (i.e. from the recipient rather than a different donor).

title: autologous


text: instituting

title: instituting


text:
体格

Noun

 * 1) body shape (of a person)
 * 2) * 1930, 宮本百合子, ロンドン一九二九年:

Usage notes

 * This word usually refers to height, shoulder width, and muscle thickness in particular.

title: 体格


text: Category:cy:Family

title: Category:cy:Family


text: Category:cy:People

title: Category:cy:People


text: Category:cy:Human

title: Category:cy:Human


text: Category:br:Family

title: Category:br:Family


text: Category:br:People

title: Category:br:People


text: Category:br:Human

title: Category:br:Human


text:
アルコール

Etymology
→

,  initially borrowed and pronounced as  with evidence of a phonetic kanji spelling as. The medial appears to have fallen out due to -induced  (ho→wo→o), in the manner of the evolution of. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, where Romance languages also lost the medial.

Noun

 * 1)  an alcohol
 * 2) alcohol
 * 1) alcohol

title: アルコール


text:
tangata tiriti

Etymology
A modern Māori language term which is taken to mean 'people of the treaty' and refers to all non-Māori citizens and residents of Aotearoa New Zealand. First coined by Sir Edward Taihakurei Durie, the chair of the Waitangi Tribunal, at Waitangi in 1989. He referred to Tangata Tiriti as those who belong to Aotearoa New Zealand by right of te Tiriti o Waitangi/the Treaty of Waitangi. The term gained some broader exposure when it was presented to mainstream New Zealand in 2006 in a human rights commission document published by Auckland Workers Educational Association, Tangata Tiriti - Treaty People (2006).

Noun

 * 1) "People of the Treaty", or New Zealanders of non-Māori origin.
 * 2) Includes all non-Māori people who have a right to live in New Zealand under the Treaty of Waitangi.

Related terms

 * (the people of the land, aboriginals): In New Zealand, the indigenous Maori people.
 * / (Europeans)

title: tangata tiriti


text: axiomata

title: axiomata


text:
angels-dancing-on-the-head-of-a-pin

Adjective

 * 1) Adjectival or attributive form of angels dancing on the head of a pin.

title: angels-dancing-on-the-head-of-a-pin


text:
しょゆうかく

Noun

 * 1)  possessive case - see. 属格

title: しょゆうかく


text: ぞっかく

title: ぞっかく


text:
angels dancing on the head of a pin

Etymology
An allusion to the theological question “How many angels can dance on the head of a pin?” — a question cited to debunk mediaeval angelology in particular and scholasticism in general. The point is that explorative discussions that the discussants consider important can be academic in both senses of that word—not only arcane but also irrelevant.

Noun

 * 1)  The subject of arcane intellectual speculation; used as an example of a subject of enquiry in which the pursuit is of no value.

Translations

 * Finnish: neulan kärjellä tanssivat enkelit
 * French: sexe des anges, le sexe des anges,
 * Italian: il sesso degli angeli
 * Portuguese: sexo dos anjos, o sexo dos anjos
 * Spanish: el sexo de los ángeles

title: angels dancing on the head of a pin


text:
ciad-ghin

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) firstborn child

title: ciad-ghin


text:
storm chaser

Noun

 * 1) One who chases storms as a profession or hobby.
 * 2) One who finds and films storms, especially tornadoes.

title: storm chaser


text:
sinnsear

Etymology
From,.

Noun

 * 1) ancestor

title: sinnsear


text:
sinnsearachd

Noun

 * 1) ancestry, descent, genealogy

title: sinnsearachd


text:
sìolradh

Etymology
From (compare 🇨🇬).

Noun

 * 1) race, breed

title: sìolradh


text:
àl

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) brood, offspring, generation, young animal's or bird's

title: àl


text:
martial artist

Noun

 * 1) A practitioner and/or preceptor of martial arts.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Finnish: taistelulajien taitaja, taistelulajien harrastaja
 * French:
 * Hungarian:
 * Japanese:
 * Persian: رزمی‌کار
 * Romanian: artist marțial, luptător de arte marțiale
 * Spanish: artemarcialista

title: martial artist


text:
sliochd

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) seed, offspring, progeny, descendants, posterity
 * 2) tribe, clan
 * 3) troop
 * 4) track, print, rut
 * 5) multitude
 * 1) multitude
 * 1) multitude
 * 1) multitude

title: sliochd


text:
clever dick

Noun

 * 1)  A person who annoyingly tries too hard to impress with their cleverness.

Translations

 * Dutch:
 * German:
 * Maori: ngutu huia, kātuarehe

title: clever dick


text:
Ἄρκτος

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1)  Ursa Major

title: Ἄρκτος


text:
renovation

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) An act, or the process, of renovating.
 * 2)  Regeneration.
 * 1)  Regeneration.

Translations

 * Arabic: تَجْدِيد, إِحْيَاء, تَرْمِيم
 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: renovigo
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:, peruskorjaus,
 * French:
 * Georgian: რემონტი
 * German:
 * Hebrew: שִׁיפּוּץ
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Irish: athnuachan, deisiú tí
 * Italian:, , ,
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Latin: renovātiō
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: renovering
 * Nynorsk: renovering
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili:
 * Tagalog: pagsasaayos, pagkakapag-ayos
 * Turkish:, ,
 * Ukrainian: ремо́нт, оно́влення

title: renovation


text:
bounder

Alternative forms

 * boundure

Etymology
From. In the case of 2. below from the Hindi word "bandar" meaning a monkey, via Anglo-Indian.

Noun

 * 1) Something that bounds or jumps.
 * 2)  A dishonourable man; a cad.
 * 3) A social climber.
 * 4) That which limits; a boundary.
 * 5) * 1638 Martin Fotherby (Iacob Blome: London) Atheomastix p.269:
 * Let the mountaine Pyrenaeus diuide the French, and Spaniards: and the wildernesse of Sand the Aethiopians, from Aegyptians. And in like manner also be all other Kingdomes: they are bound within their bounders, as it were in bands; and shut-vp within their limits, as it were in prison.
 * 1)  A four-wheeled type of dogcart or cabriolet

title: bounder


text:
svegliare

Etymology
Probably from, from [whence also 🇨🇬], from.

Verb

 * 1) to wake up, to awaken
 * 2)  to energize; to stimulate
 * 3)  to alert; to give a wake-up call
 * 4)  to arouse or inspire
 * 1)  to alert; to give a wake-up call
 * 2)  to arouse or inspire
 * 1)  to arouse or inspire

title: svegliare


text: fumbled

title: fumbled


text:
buidhre

Etymology
From bodhar.

Noun

 * 1) deafness

title: buidhre


text:
untied

Adjective

 * 1) Not tied; undone

Translations

 * Armenian:, արձակված
 * Latin:
 * Maori: matoha
 * Tagalog: hulagpos

title: untied


text: denoting

title: denoting


text: participated

title: participated


text: propagated

title: propagated


text:
doille

Etymology
From dall.

Noun

 * 1) blindness

title: doille


text:
balbh

Etymology
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1) mute, dumb
 * 2) inarticulate
 * 3) dull

Etymology
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1) mute, dumb
 * 2) silent, still

title: balbh


text:
balbhan

Etymology
From (compare 🇨🇬). .

Noun

 * 1) mute person unable to speak

title: balbhan


text: pinheads

title: pinheads


text:
tango uniform

Etymology
From the NATO phonetic alphabet for the letters T and U, from.

Adjective

 * 1)  Broken and unable to be fixed; dead.
 * I can never fly my fighter again. It is tango uniform.

title: tango uniform


text:
esplêndido

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) splendid

title: esplêndido


text: dishonourable

title: dishonourable


text:
User talk:Crater1

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wiktionary. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * Wiktionary Tutorial
 * How to edit a page
 * How to start a page
 * Our format guidelines
 * Criteria for inclusion
 * Wiktionary Sandbox (a safe place for testing syntax)
 * What Wiktionary is not
 * FAQ

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wiktionarian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk (discussion) and vote pages using four tildes, like this: ~, which automatically produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the beer parlour or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! --EncycloPetey 04:35, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Crater1


text:
User:Keffy/Transcription essay

Transcription types and the IPA
This essay is about the International Phonetic Alphabet and the most appropriate type of transcription to use in Wiktionary's pronunciation entries. I wrote it in response to a number of misconceptions that since the day I got here I've heard repeated by several people whose opinions are bang on in almost every other facet of lexicography.

I suppose it's inevitable. The concepts of linguistics have been poorly explained to the general public at the best of times, and it doesn't help that the idealistic hopes of phoneticians in the 1880s (which, like so many other hopes of 19th-century science, never panned out because the world just doesn't work that way) have continued to be presented as what phonetics is all about. Hopefully, this essay will clear up some of the confusions before we make any more policy decisions based on those confusions.

The short version of the following is:
 * Narrow phonetic transcriptions would be a nightmare to use in pronunciation entries.
 * Broad or phonemic transcriptions are the right level of generalization, which is why all other dictionaries use them.
 * It's not only possible to do phonemic transcriptions in IPA -- it's what the IPA was invented for.
 * Fortunately, we're mostly already doing that. We just need to stop misusing terms.

Why narrow phonetic transcriptions are inappropriate
I just now spoke the word Canada in a sentence. [Imagine the audio here.] Using the full arsenal of the IPA, I could make a "general phonetic" or "impressionistic" (the IPA's terms, not mine) of my utterance as follows:
 * (It's not actually the full arsenal, since I have no reliable way to stack multiple diacritics and have you actually see them, or to type the vertical-staff tone letters that I'd love to have used for relative pitch levels. But this is ugly enough to make my point.)
 * (It's not actually the full arsenal, since I have no reliable way to stack multiple diacritics and have you actually see them, or to type the vertical-staff tone letters that I'd love to have used for relative pitch levels. But this is ugly enough to make my point.)

Should I run off and add this our article on Canada? Of course not.

The practical problem: It's utterly useless. Absolutely nobody would benefit from seeing that mess. Even an experienced phonetician would need to put in a lot of work to decipher what on earth I meant.

The conceptual problem: A "general phonetic" transcription is only possible for a single utterance or "speech event". If I were to say Canada again, there would be some details that are different the second time around. If my sister said it once, it would be slightly different again. If I grabbed a random English speaker from the streets of my city and had them say it once, there'd be more differences still. We certainly don't want a separate transcription for every single time the word has been spoken in the history of the universe. We want something more general, something that abstracts away from minor differences and shows what all the utterances have in common. But what counts as a "minor" difference? And exactly what do all these pronunciations have in common? At the "general phonetic" level, nothing relevant or useful. We're stuck.

We're faced with a ton of variation in one "sound" in actual speech -- variation that for many purposes (including ours) is completely irrelevant.
 * random variation: When people say the last vowel of Canada, their tongues will be in slightly different positions in their mouths each time, with little rhyme or reason.  I could use a bunch of different phonetic transcriptions to capture as many of the subtle variations as I can: , and many, many more.   But what I want is to ignore all of that and to write them all as.
 * contextual variation: My brain is firmly convinced that there's a "T" sound in a number of different words:  tie, still, tree, straw, water, battle, hat, eighth.  But what my mouth is actually doing is systematically different in each:  .  Worse, the systematicness doesn't always create a unique result -- I usually say something close to, but sometimes it's , sometimes .  Putting all those differences into my transcriptions would help nobody.  It misses the point that, for the purposes dictionary users are interested in, all those piddly variants count as the same thing.

So how do we justify ignoring the piddly variants and writing something that's psychologically "the same thing" the same way every time? How do we decide which details are important enough and which aren't? How do we make sure we stay consistent about it?

For the record, here are some bad justifications: I'm too busy to worry about all of that. They all kinda sound similar to me. It just doesn't seem important enough. It doesn't really count as POV if I ignore the way my sister (or my friend, or the entire state of Alabama) says it and transcribe it the way I say it -- um, at least the way I think I usually say it. I said Canada a hundred times and counted: I used an  12% of the time and the next runner up was  with 7%, so I'll just write  for all of them.

Contrast as a criterion for including details
The only tried and true justification for not caring about the piddly variants is that they don't change the meaning. , and are all names for the same liquid. , and the rest are all names for the same country. The different sounds don't contrast, so for many purposes I get to ignore the differences and write them all the same way. Dictionary pronunciation entries are one of those lucky purposes.

Pronunciation entries need to give their users just enough information so that they can pronounce the word they intend to pronounce, rather than some other word, possibly resulting in acute embarrassment. The user wanting to pronounce water only needs to make sure they don't accidentally say walker, waller, waiter, potter, and so on. Pronunciation entries that provide exactly the level of detail necessary to do this are ... [drumroll] ... phonemic transcriptions. (Also known as a "broad transcription", since you can never have too many terms for the same thing.)

In a phonemic transcription system, you choose one symbol to represent the whole set of detailed sounds that are interchangeable. Since the set is a mental category, not an actual sound, there's no reason you couldn't choose your symbol to be an integer or a Zapf dingbat or a Chinese character or even an AHD kludge. Sane linguists, however, choose an IPA symbol that is reminiscent of some of the members of the set and put it between slashes to emphasize that this is an even higher level of generalization. For the mess of, and , it makes sense to choose the symbol. Getting rid of the piddly ugly details in, I can instead write. Others even have a hope in hell of reading that and understanding it.

Judiciously choosing your symbols at this stage will buy you a whole lot of convenience later on. The following are all useful and entirely kosher considerations when choosing between potential symbols for a phoneme: You can't succeed on all of these at the same time. (You can't even succeed on just the "be consistent with your predecessors" one in English, since they aren't even consistent with themselves.) Any reasonable choice you make in balancing these goals is legitimate, as long as you explain it explicitly to your readers and as long as you proceed to use it consistently.
 * Pick a symbol whose narrow, "general phonetic" meaning is one of the range of variants, or at least somewhere in the neighbourhood.
 * Pick something easy to write or type.
 * Pick something easy to read.
 * Pick the same symbol that others have previously used for that sound in that language.

I don't happen to agree with every single symbol choice that the Wiktionary community has made (or accidentally stumbled into). But the system as a whole is workable. It's far more important that the system be used consistently than for it to live up to my every aesthetic foible. Arguing about which way up the or  should be is a waste of time, even if I personally prefer.

Where do we go from here?
The good news is that existing Wiktionary pronunciation entries are predominantly phonemic. The slashes around our entries are usually not lies.

So our two choices are:
 * 1) admit that we're already doing phonemic transcriptions and should continue to for a ton of good reasons; fix a large, but not unmanageable, number of entries where transcriptions aren't currently phonemic; communicate all interesting non-phonemic detail using the appropriate no-phonetics-necessary technology of audio files.
 * 2) try to be unique among the dictionaries of the English-speaking world; claim not to be phonemic; deliberately aim to record irrelevant phonetic details; update the overwhelming majority of entries by adding those irrelevant phonetic details along with a tangle of very narrow region tags; get into edit wars over whether the region tags are right; get into constant arguments over the inherently undecideable question of which irrelevant phonetic details are so irrelevant they should be ignored; explain the rationale for all this to every sensible newbie who comes along and starts entering phonemic transcriptions -- and do all of this mountain of extra work with an under-trained and woefully under-sized pool of volunteers.

If the community consensus is honestly in favour of #2, could we at least try to minimize the damage to Wiktionary's credibility by agreeing to use the technical terms "phonemic" and "phonetic" in the same way as they're used in the disciplines where they're technical terms?

Some objections anticipated, caricatured, and responded to
Below I anticipate a few objections and preemptively try to defuse them. (If you think you recognize yourself in one of the objections, it's not just you. I've heard these several times from several people on Wiktionary, Wikipedia, and elsewhere.)

For those who may be tempted to think I'm making it all up about IPA, I'm including liberal quotations from the latest publication of the guidelines -- Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A Guide to the Use of the International Phonetic Alphabet; Cambridge University Press, 1999.

(The "Principles" are the organization's frequently revised two-page mini-mission-statement, found in appendix 1. Everything else is from the 36-page introduction that tries to explain the principles.)

IPA is only for phonetic transcriptions, not phonemic transcriptions.

 * Absolutely not.

 * The very first principle of the original 1888 Principles of the IPA was: "There should be a separate sign for each distinctive sound; that is, for each sound which, being used instead of another, in the same language, can change the meaning of a word."  In short, the main original purpose was precisely to do phonemic transcriptions.

 * In the following century, it became increasingly clear that the phonemic transcription goal was incompatible with other stated goals of the IPA (such as universal meanings for symbols). Instead of jettisoning one goal or another, the IPA evolved into a flexible system which could be used to transcribe speech at several different levels of generalization, where different goals are relevant.  The current Principles acknowledge the continuing importance of phonemic transcription:  "The use of symbols in representing the sounds of a particular language is usually guided by the principles of phonological contrast."  Much of the handbook's introduction is devoted to the issues involved in using IPA for phonemic transcriptions.

But an IPA symbol has to mean exactly the same sound in every language.

 * Outdated marketing hype. Get over it.

 * In the nineteenth century, the IPA wanted to do several things at the same time, without realizing the goals were incompatible. Since then, they've learned to live with doing incompatible things at different times.  "Same sound = same symbol" is no longer an absolute for every use of the IPA.

 * Here's the current handbook, illustrating the more flexible interpretation of "same sound = same symbol" (and implicitly admitting that it's always been more honoured in the breach):
 * "When a symbol is said to be suitable for the representation of sounds in two languages, it does not necessarily mean that the sounds in the two languages are identical. Thus [p] is shown as being suitable for the transcription of pea in English, and also for pis is French; similarly [b] is shown as being suitable for the transcription of bee in English, and also for bis in French; but the corresponding sounds are not the same in the two languages.  The IPA has the resources for denoting the differences, if it is necessary to do so, as illustrated below in section 4; but at a more general level of description the symbols can be used as a representation in either language." (p. 18)

But it's still wrong to use IPA symbols in a different way from how they show up on the chart, even in a phonemic transcription.

 * No. It's a time-honoured and accepted practice.

 * Here's Daniel Jones, the most famous phonetician of the first half of the twentieth century, advocating the practice more eloquently than I could hope to:
 * "The right solution of the problem of international phonetic transcription for language learners is, I believe, that the number of letters should be as small as practicable, and that each letter should have an elastic value. Among the values which each letter can represent is naturally a 'cardinal' one.  But it should, in my opinion, be a recognized principle that when a letter is not needed to denote a 'cardinal' sound, it may be used for representing other sounds having reasonably near relationships to that cardinal sound.  And cases may occur where it is convenient to assign to a given letter other values than the cardinal whenter or not the cardinal sound occurs as a member of a phoneme of the language to be transcribed."  (page 224, The Phoneme: Its Nature and Use, 3rd edition, Heffer and Sons, 1967 [originally 1950].)

 * Here's the current IPA handbook discussing how to write subtle phonetic details (the discussion it promised in the passage quoted above), and in the process confirming the normal practice of people who are not fussing about details:
 * "In providing the means to how the detail of phonetic realization in a given language, the IPA also achieves the delicacy of notation needed to compare the phonetic detail of different languages. For instance, although a phonemic representation /tru/ might be suitable for the English word true or the French word trou, the difference in pronunciation of the two words is reflected in phonetically more detailed representations such as  (true) and  (trou)."  (p. 28)
 * Oh no! The dreaded rightside-up /r/ being used for English by the IPA handbook itself!
 * (And keep in mind that even and  represent only tiny subsets of the delicate details you could -- do you really still believe should? -- record.)

But I really want to look down on dictionary X for using the IPA differently from me.

 * Go right ahead. I certainly do.  Just accept that it's an entirely aesthetic judgment.  It's got nothing to do with the rules.

 * "There can be many system of phonemic transcription for the same variety of a language, all of which conform fully to the principles of the IPA." (p.30)

 * "The IPA does not provide a phonological analysis for a particular language, let alone a single 'correct' transcription, but rather the resources to express any analysis so that it is widely understood." (p.30)

But a phonemic transcription applies to several dialects at the same time.

 * No. Strictly, a phonemic transcription applies only to the mental system of a single speaker.  If several speakers share isomorphic mental systems, you can get away with using the same transcription.

 * The cool part is that there are many regions of the English-speaking world where most speakers' mental systems are close enough to being isomorphic that the same phonemic transcription can be useable for several dialects/accents, assuming you make your symbol choices judiciously.

 * For example, a DC bureaucrat might pronounce ban as . A younger Canadian or Californian might say .  A teenager in a Detroit suburb might say .  But the system of meaning contrasts is the same for each of them -- ban is different from Ben and Bonn and bun, etc.  So if I've chosen /æ/ as my symbol for the DCer's phoneme that includes, /æ/ for the Canadian or Californian's phoneme that includes , and /æ/ for the Detroit teenager's phoneme that includes , then I can simply put /bæn/ as the "North American" pronunciation entry on the ban page, and it's maybe 90% true -- not to mention more useful than finding "(Canada, western) ; (parts of N.E. US) ".

 * However, this was only possible because all the speakers had nearly identical mental systems of contrasts between their vowels. When their systems of contrasts aren't isomorphic, as they aren't for me and Widsith (to pick a random British Wiktionarian), the trick won't work and we'll need different regionally-tagged phonemic transcriptions.  The ability to perform mildly trans-dialectal transcriptions is a wonderful accident when it happens, and we should opportunistically seize on every one of them.  But it's neither a goal of phonemic transcription nor, alas, perfectly possible.

But shouldn't we be trying to cover all the dialects in a single transcription?

 * Maybe. Probably not.

 * It wouldn't be an unworthy goal for a dictionary to try to base its pronunciation entries on what Daniel Jones called "diaphones". But both the conceptual and practical problems are enormous.  The most obvious practical problem is that doing it right requires more expertise in English dialectology than any single editor will ever likely have.

 * Take a quick look at the "lexical sets" that Jimp has been adding to Appendix:List of dialect-independent homophones, or at Wikipedia's Lexical_set. We'd need a different vowel symbol for each of those sets.  The entry for bath would need a vowel symbol -- "a3" perhaps? -- that's different from both the one in trap (since it doesn't have that vowel in many British dialects) and the one in father (since it doesn't have that vowel in most N.A. dialects).  Suddenly almost every word you thought you knew the pronunciation of has become ambiguous.  Sure, ban has the /æ/ phoneme in my dialect, but knowing for sure whether it belongs in the TRAP set or in the BATH set (and therefore knowing which transdialectal symbol should be used) would require me to know more about British dialects than I'm sure I do.  I'd be even more lost at deciding between the LOT, PALM, CLOTH, and THOUGHT sets, and don't even get me started on NORTH vs. FORCE.

 * I'm not against transdialectal transcriptions, but IMHO they're a far more ambitious project than we're equipped to handle. We're already struggling with phonemic transcriptions.

But your way means we'll need a separate key for every language/dialect we do.

 * Sorry, but yeah, it does mean that. Of course, we'd need language-specific keys anyway, out of pure decency to our readers.  Right?  [insistently] Right?

 * IPA isn't magic. It might be great if users could bring a casual knowledge of IPA to bear language-neutrally and successfully decode any language's pronunciation entries, but it's not going to happen.  Here's Daniel Jones again, elaborating on the passage quoted earlier:
 * "Stated in other terms the principle amounts to this: a particular letter cannot have precisely the same value in all the languages in which it is used;  the learner of any particular language must familiarize himself with the value (or values when the phoneme has more than one member) assigned to it in that language."  (p. 225)

 * Even the IPAssoc admits that casual universal inter-operability is a pipe-dream. The current Principles again:
 * "7. A transcription always consists of a set of symbols and a set of conventions for their interpretation.  Furthermore, the IPA consists of symbols and diacritics whose meaning cannot be learned entirely from written discriptions of the phonetic categories involved.  The Association strongly recommends that anyone intending to use the symbols should receive training in order to learn how to produce and recognize the corresponding sounds with a reasonable degree of accuracy." (p. 170)

 * If you honestly think it's fine to tell casual Wiktionary users to go away and take a year of university-level phonetics courses before they'll have the right to understand our transcriptions, Microsoft's department for user-experience quality control may have a job for you. Feel free to list me as a reference.

 * Meanwhile we need user-friendly keys, preferably with several audio examples of each phoneme in different word-positions and different accents.

But including subtle phonetic details that don't change meaning would help ESL students improve their accents.

 * Extremely unlikely. For this to happen, it would require:
 * us to transcribe the subtle details correctly and consistently on every single page. This plain just isn't going to happen.  We're having a hard enough time making sure our broad transcriptions aren't howlingly inaccurate in the already tiny fraction of articles that have pronunciation entries.
 * readers to know enough IPA and phonetic theory to understand and use the gory details. Somewhat likelier, but there are few readers with the skills to do it, and vanishlingly few of those who couldn't also predict the details on their own at least as accurately as our editors.  That's a mightly small target audience to justify redundancies, inconsistencies, and inaccuracies on a massive scale.

 * Audio recordings are the appropriate medium to communicate subtle phonetic details to ESL users and others.

'''But gory phonetic details are interesting. And We're Not Paper™.'''

 * I agree 100%.

 * And since We're Not Paper™, we have no excuse to tie ourselves to a bad application of a paper-based knowledge representation system in a domain that paper was always and will always be inherently inappropriate for.

 * We have audio.

title: User:Keffy/Transcription essay


text:
politeísmo

Noun

 * 1) polytheism

Noun

 * 1) polytheism

Noun

 * 1) polytheism

title: politeísmo


text:
Appendix talk:English dialect-dependent homophones

Mostly wrong
What is this?

I know I pronounce cant and can't identically, but never ant/aunt or have/halve.

Should I look at any of the other sections? --Connel MacKenzie 05:11, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

Sorry, but the majority of the information in this article is simply wrong. --Connel MacKenzie 05:13, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

 * What was once at List of homophones has been moved and split here and at Appendix:List of dialect-independent homophones. I've tried to sort it out but there still is a long way to go before these are propper lists.  Yes, one problem is that there is a lack of references but this again was brought over from Wikipedia.

 * Cant/can't, ant/aunt and have/halve are all minimal pairs for me but I believe that for each of them there is a dialect in which they are homophones. Does the section need rewording? Jimp 07:09, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Quite a bit of rewriting, I think. I don't see offhand how those groupings are related to each other, at all.  This has a very long way to go.  --Connel MacKenzie 05:24, 8 February 2007 (UTC)

Some of these are homonyms, rather than homophones such as can (be able to) and can (container)

Also, i don't think names are valid homophones--Coin945 11:25, 4 August 2007 (UTC)

My wife pronounces sure and shore exactly the same. Can we add that? anon - 25 Jan 2008
 * The listing of shore states that sure is a homophone for accents with the pour–poor merger. So there seems to be a valid reason for adding it. Coyets (talk) 20:07, 9 August 2017 (UTC)


text:
sìol

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) seed
 * 2) brood, descendants, progeny
 * 3) lineage, breed, race, ancestry
 * 4) tribe, clan
 * 5) spawn, roe
 * 6) corn
 * 7) oats
 * 8) sprat

title: sìol


text:
piers

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) breast, chest

title: piers


text:
parados

Etymology
Borrowed from ; in turn the French derived from, defence, cognate with 🇨🇬, plus cognate with 🇨🇬: the back, i.e. the. Parados is unrelated to either in etymology or in meaning.

Noun

 * 1)  Generally a screen or embankment to protect the rear of a position from enemy attack, from bomb splinters from behind, from enemy fire from a commanding height, or fire from flanking positions. In common English usage since World War II, the term "parados", particularly in trench warfare, has largely been discarded in favour of "rear parapet", which, etymologically speaking, is a contradiction in terms. In some contexts the term "rear traverse" is preferred, but no usage is exclusive. In fortifications that were enfiladed by enemy in positions commanding the fort, an internal parados could defilade the enemy, serving as physical protection and blindage.  Usages of the term have varied inconsistently according to times and sources. Some sources use parados as a synonym for a traverse; some other sources represent parados as a special class of traverse and not necessarily at the back of any particular position. In trench warfare parados referred to a bank of earth or similar material behind the rear of the trench, opposite the parapet, affording protection from explosions and fragments when shells or bombs overshot the trench.

Usage notes

 * Not to be confused with.

Translations

 * Danish: rygværn

Etymology
.

title: parados


text: sìoladh

title: sìoladh


text:
sìolach

Adjective

 * 1) derivative
 * 2) seminal

title: sìolach


text:
leth-bhràthair

Noun

 * 1) half brother

title: leth-bhràthair


text:
leth-phiuthar

Noun

 * 1) half sister

title: leth-phiuthar


text:
iùdhachas

Noun

 * 1) Judaism

title: iùdhachas


text:
πρόβλημα

Etymology
From. Equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) anything thrown forward or projecting
 * 2) a hindrance, obstacle
 * 3) anything put before one as a defense, bulwark, barrier, screen, shield, wall
 * 4)  a defense against a thing
 * 5) anything put forward as an excuse or screen
 * 6) that which is proposed as a task, business
 * 7)  problem
 * 8)  a question as to whether a statement is so or not
 * 9) a problem, difficulty
 * 1) that which is proposed as a task, business
 * 2)  problem
 * 3)  a question as to whether a statement is so or not
 * 4) a problem, difficulty
 * 1)  a question as to whether a statement is so or not
 * 2) a problem, difficulty
 * 1) a problem, difficulty
 * 1) a problem, difficulty

Etymology
Learnedly, from. For sense "difficulty", or.

Noun

 * 1) problem, complicated question or subject
 * 2)  problem, sum
 * 3) difficulty, trouble

title: πρόβλημα


text: προβλήματα

title: προβλήματα


text:
ζεστός

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) seethed, boiled
 * 2) hot

Etymology
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1) warm, hot
 * 2) welcoming, cosy

title: ζεστός


text: ζεστή

title: ζεστή


text:
受動態

Noun

 * 1)  passive voice

title: 受動態


text:
能動態

Noun

 * 1)  active voice

title: 能動態


text: ζεστό

title: ζεστό


text:
たてがみ

Noun

 * 1) mane

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1)  long hair style that was popular in the Genroku era

Noun

 * 1)  traditional paper used in writing, when used whole

title: たてがみ


text: Category:ja:Semantics

title: Category:ja:Semantics


text: Category:ja:Philosophy

title: Category:ja:Philosophy


title: Template:grc-adecl-1&2-eta


text:
農業

Noun

 * 1) agriculture; farming

Noun

 * 1) agriculture

title: 農業


text: Category:ja:Agriculture

title: Category:ja:Agriculture


text:
duopoly

Etymology

From, by analogy with.

Noun

 * 1)  An economic condition in which two sellers exert (most of the) control over the market of a commodity.
 * 2) The domination of a field of endeavour by two entities or people.
 * 3)  A situation in which two or more radio or television stations in the same city or community share common ownership.
 * 1)  A situation in which two or more radio or television stations in the same city or community share common ownership.
 * 1)  A situation in which two or more radio or television stations in the same city or community share common ownership.
 * 1)  A situation in which two or more radio or television stations in the same city or community share common ownership.
 * 1)  A situation in which two or more radio or television stations in the same city or community share common ownership.

Translations

 * Arabic: احتكار ثنائي
 * Azerbaijani: duopoliya
 * Basque: duopolio
 * Bulgarian: дуополия, дуопол
 * Catalan: duopoli
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 雙頭壟斷
 * Danish: duopol
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: duopolio
 * Georgian: დუოპოლია
 * German: ,
 * Greek: δυοπώλιο
 * Hebrew: דואופול
 * Hindi: द्वयाधिकार
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kannada: ದ್ವಿಸ್ವಾಮ್ಯ
 * Kazakh: дуополия
 * Khmer: ទោវិក្កយភាព
 * Korean:
 * Macedonian: ду́опол
 * Malay: duopoli
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: duopol
 * Persian: انحصار دوگانه فروش
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: duopólio
 * Romanian: duopol
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ду̏опол
 * Roman:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: düopol
 * Ukrainian:

 * Finnish:
 * Macedonian: ду́опол
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ду̏опол
 * Roman:

 * Finnish:
 * Macedonian: ду́опол
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ду̏опол
 * Roman:

title: duopoly


text: Category:ja:Alchemy

title: Category:ja:Alchemy


text: れんきんじゅつ

title: れんきんじゅつ


text:
phillumeny

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) The hobby of collecting matchbox labels and other match-related items

Translations

 * Finnish: fillumenia
 * French:
 * German:
 * Ukrainian: філуменія

title: phillumeny


text: User:Oerjan

title: User:Oerjan


text:
容器

Noun

 * 1) container; vessel; receptacle

Noun

 * 1) container

title: 容器


text: Category:ja:Containers

title: Category:ja:Containers


text:
Prüfung

Etymology
From ; cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) an official test or examination on a subject
 * 2) check, examination, inspection, verification, audit, validation
 * 1) check, examination, inspection, verification, audit, validation

title: Prüfung


text:
たる

Noun

 * 1)  waterfall
 * 2)  barrel

Verb

 * 1)  be enough

Particle

 * used after a noun, usually occupation, rank, position etc., indicating emphasis or responsibility.
 * used after a noun, usually occupation, rank, position etc., indicating emphasis or responsibility.

title: たる


text:
ビン

Noun

 * 1)  bottle

title: ビン


text:
バスケット

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) basket

title: バスケット


text:
Talk:coffee

Every source I checked had kahve or kahveh for the Turkish spelling. I never saw the spelling qahveh as a representation of the Turkish, only of the Arabic. The Turkish Wikipedia page http://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahve does not contain a single letter q! Could this be a romanization of the Ottoman Turkish words as it written in the Arabic script? — Hippietrail 09:31, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

Buno
The real name of coffee is "buno". (The word "coffee" came from Kaffa region.) Böri (talk) 11:45, 27 August 2017 (UTC)

Lua error imminent
Please consider moving translations to a subpage if lua errors appear--So9q (talk) 10:34, 17 October 2019 (UTC)

coffee-and ...
Apparently (and perhaps barely attestable from a Google Books search):

 * a "coffee-and habit" is a minor drug habit, less than full addiction.
 * a "coffee-and pimp" is one who makes very little money.

Don't know if this might be related to.

Equinox ◑ 16:59, 15 March 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:coffee


text:
dubbio

Etymology 1
.

Adjective

 * 1) doubtful, uncertain, dubious, questionable

Etymology 2
.

Noun

 * 1) doubt, uncertainty, suspicion

title: dubbio


text:
discutibile

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) questionable, debatable, that may be criticized, doubtful, dubious

title: discutibile


text: dubbi

title: dubbi


text: Citations:flibbertigibbet

title: Citations:flibbertigibbet


text:
välilevy

Noun

 * 1)  intervertebral disc; short for
 * 2) any disk or plate located between two other things

title: välilevy


text:
sospetto

Etymology 1
, perfect passive participle of.

Adjective

 * 1) suspicious, suspect, questionable
 * 2) suspected
 * 3) smelly
 * 1) smelly
 * 1) smelly

Noun

 * 1) suspect suspected person
 * 2) inkling

Etymology 2
.

Noun

 * 1) suspicion, doubt, misgivings

title: sospetto


text:
sospettare

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to suspect
 * 2)  to think, to imagine, to suspect
 * 3)  to suspect somebody (or something), to get suspicious, to mistrust
 * 1)  to suspect somebody (or something), to get suspicious, to mistrust

title: sospettare


text:
hospice

Etymology
Borrowed from, from , from. .

Noun

 * 1)  A lodging for pilgrims or the destitute, normally provided by a monastic order.
 * 2)  The provision of palliative care for terminally ill patients, either at a specialized facility or at a residence, and support for the family, typically refraining from taking extraordinary measures to prolong life.
 * 3)  A specialized facility or organization offering palliative care for the terminally ill.
 * 1)  A specialized facility or organization offering palliative care for the terminally ill.
 * 1)  A specialized facility or organization offering palliative care for the terminally ill.
 * 1)  A specialized facility or organization offering palliative care for the terminally ill.
 * 1)  A specialized facility or organization offering palliative care for the terminally ill.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: hospies, hospitium
 * Bulgarian: хоспис
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 臨終關懷
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: Hospizdienst
 * Indonesian: hospis
 * Irish: ospís
 * Italian:, casa di cura
 * Malay: hospis
 * Persian: خسته‌خانه
 * Portuguese: cuidados paliativos
 * Welsh: hosbis

 * Afrikaans: hospies, hospitium
 * Arabic:
 * Bulgarian: хоспис
 * Catalan:, casa de beneficència
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 安養院
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek: άσυλο ανιάτων
 * Hebrew: הוספיס, מרכז לטיפול תומך
 * Hindi:
 * Irish: ospís
 * Italian:, casa di cura
 * Japanese: ホスピス
 * Kazakh: хоспис
 * Korean: 호스피스
 * Kyrgyz: хоспис
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: clínica/casa/hospital/instituição/unidade de cuidados paliativos
 * Russian:
 * Slovene: hospic
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: hospis, hospice
 * Thai: สถานดูแลระยะสุดท้าย
 * Welsh: hosbis

Etymology
, borrowed from.

title: hospice


text:
kiekko

Etymology
Akin to or derived from,. Compare 🇨🇬,. Contains the suffix.

Noun

 * 1) disk, disc
 * 2)  puck
 * 3)  discus
 * 4)  clay pigeon
 * 5)  wheel
 * 6) snuffbox
 * 1) snuffbox
 * 1) snuffbox

title: kiekko


text:
incertezza

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) uncertainty, doubt
 * 2) indecision, hesitation
 * 1) indecision, hesitation

title: incertezza


text:
savikiekko

Noun

 * 1)  clay pigeon
 * 2)  gramophone record,  shellac record, phonograph record audio disc playable with a needle record player with a speed of usually 78 RPM

title: savikiekko


text:
Talk:flibbertigibbet

According to Elizabethan demonology, "Flibbertigibbet" is also "name of a devil", (p.506 The Broadview Anthology of British Literature, The Renaissance and the Early Seventeenth Century). Someone might like to add that, I'm not sure exactly how to edit Wiktionary articles. Stop The Lies 10:30, 5 February 2007 (UTC)Stop_The_Lies

title: Talk:flibbertigibbet


text:
incerto

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) uncertain, doubtful, dubious, undecided
 * 2) hesitant, insecure, unsteady, shaky
 * 3) indefinite, uncertain
 * 1) indefinite, uncertain
 * 1) indefinite, uncertain

Noun

 * 1) uncertainty, risk
 * 2) the uncertain

Synonyms

 * (1,2)
 * (2)

Etymology
..

Adjective

 * 1) uncertain subject to doubt

title: incerto


text:
sveglia

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) waking up, waking up time
 * 2) alarm clock
 * 3) early call, call
 * 4)  reveille

Interjection

 * 1) wake up!

title: sveglia


text:
ritardo

Noun

 * 1) delay, lag
 * 2) (mental) retardation, retard

title: ritardo


text:
User talk:Rentnet

rentnet
We don't allow commericial spam. Also, as this is a dictionary, we don't have entries for trademarks unless they are in common use (xerox, kleenex). Robert Ullmann 11:06, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Rentnet


text:
in ritardo

Etymology
Akin to 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1) late, behind, after, overdue, belated, slow

title: in ritardo


text:
levypallo

Noun

 * 1)  rebound

title: levypallo


text:
lankku

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) a plank long, broad and thick piece of sawn timber

Usage notes

 * There's no one exact definition, but generally sawn timber must be at least 38 mm (1,5") thick and 75 mm (3") wide to be called . If the cross-section is close to square, heavy timber will be called . A heavy plank may also be called.

title: lankku


text:
Talk:plank

Explanation for radical editing of the definition

The plank was defined as:

 * 1) Usually a split, flat piece of wood, often planed; it is technically distinguished from a sawn board.

There were several problems with this definition: 1. Plank is not technically distinguished from a board, it's only bigger, and the size is the main distinguishing factor. Of course planks and boards are used for different purposes in construction due to the different size and cost. 2. It's not essential from the point of view of being a plank, whether the piece of timber is planed or not. 3. The meaning of the word "split" is unclear here. Split by an ax?

That's why I wrote this instead:

A long, broad and thick piece of sawn timber, heavier and larger than a board. Hekaheka 11:51, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:plank