text:
madam

Etymology
From, from , from + , from post-classical. .

Noun

 * 1) The mistress of a household.
 * 2)  A conceited or quarrelsome girl.
 * 3)  A woman who runs a brothel, particularly one that specializes in finding prostitutes for rich and important clients.
 * 4)  A hated or contemptuous woman;
 * 1) The mistress of a household.
 * 2)  A conceited or quarrelsome girl.
 * 3)  A woman who runs a brothel, particularly one that specializes in finding prostitutes for rich and important clients.
 * 4)  A hated or contemptuous woman;
 * 1) The mistress of a household.
 * 2)  A conceited or quarrelsome girl.
 * 3)  A woman who runs a brothel, particularly one that specializes in finding prostitutes for rich and important clients.
 * 4)  A hated or contemptuous woman;
 * 1)  A woman who runs a brothel, particularly one that specializes in finding prostitutes for rich and important clients.
 * 2)  A hated or contemptuous woman;
 * 1)  A hated or contemptuous woman;
 * 1)  A hated or contemptuous woman;
 * 1)  A hated or contemptuous woman;
 * 1)  A hated or contemptuous woman;

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: سَيِّدَة, سَيِّدَتِي, أُسْتَاذَة, مَدَام
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: xanım, madam
 * Basque:
 * Belarusian: спада́рыня, па́ні, мада́м
 * Bengali: ঠাকরূণ,
 * Bulgarian:, мада́м
 * Burmese:, ,
 * Cherokee: ᎠᎨᏴ
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 太太, 女士, 夫人
 * Dungan: тэтэ
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: ქალბატონი
 * German:, (traditionally, for unmarried women)
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:, साहिबा, , बानू
 * Hungarian:, hölgyem
 * Icelandic:
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Kabuverdianu: nha
 * Kazakh: ханым, мадам
 * Khmer: លោកស្រី, អ្នកស្រី
 * Korean:, ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: ,
 * Kyrgyz:, мадам
 * Lao: ມາດາມ
 * Latvian: kundze
 * Lithuanian: ponia
 * Macedonian: госпоѓа
 * Malay: puan
 * Maori: whae
 * Middle English: madame, dame, lady
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Mongolian: ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠢ
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: frue
 * Ottoman Turkish: قادین, سیده
 * Pashto: بېګم, مېرمن
 * Persian:, ,
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:, , ,  ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: го̏спођа
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: pani
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tajik: хонум, бону
 * Thai:, , คุณหญิง
 * Turkish:, ,
 * Turkmen: hanym
 * Ukrainian:, мада́м
 * Urdu: صاحبہ, میڈم, بانو, مہیلا
 * Uyghur: خېنىم, خانىم
 * Uzbek:, bekam,
 * Venetian:
 * Vietnamese:, ,
 * Yiddish: פֿראַו
 * Zulu:, unkosikazi,

 * Italian: padrona di casa
 * Ottoman Turkish: قادین, سیده
 * Portuguese: ,

 * Polish:
 * Venetian: ciacola, ciacolona

 * Azerbaijani: mama roza, qəhbəbaşı
 * Czech:
 * Esperanto: bordelistino
 * French:, , , tenancière d’une maison close,
 * German: ,
 * Greek:, ,
 * Italian:
 * Latin: lēna
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: bordellmamma, horemamma
 * Nynorsk: bordellmamma, horemamma
 * Polish:, bajzelmama
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish: bordellmamma
 * Thai:, ,
 * Turkish:
 * Yiddish: מומע

Verb

 * 1)  To address as "madam".

Translations

 * Finnish: rouvitella

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * , female counterpart of a pimp
 * , female counterpart of a pimp

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1)  madame,  lady

Etymology
From.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  an old woman (generally)
 * 1)  an old woman (generally)

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) madam

title: madam


text:
med

Noun

 * 1)  Medications, especially prescribed psychoactive medications.
 * 2)  A medic; a doctor.
 * 1)  A medic; a doctor.
 * 1)  A medic; a doctor.
 * 1)  A medic; a doctor.
 * 1)  A medic; a doctor.
 * 1)  A medic; a doctor.
 * 1)  A medic; a doctor.
 * 1)  A medic; a doctor.

Derived terms

 * off one's meds
 * pre-med

Etymology
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1)  tired

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) honey thick, viscous, sweet liquid made by bees

Etymology
From.

Preposition

 * 1) with
 * 2) by
 * 3) including, counting

Pronoun

 * 1) * 7th century BC, :
 * "la"
 * "la"

- 𐌌𐌀𐌍𐌉𐌏𐌔:𐌌𐌄𐌃:𐌅𐌇𐌄⁝𐌅𐌇𐌀𐌊𐌄𐌃:𐌍𐌖𐌌𐌀𐌔𐌉𐌏𐌉

 * 1) * 7th–5th century BC, :
 * "la"

- 𐌉𐌏𐌖𐌄𐌔𐌀𐌕𐌃𐌄𐌉𐌖𐌏𐌔𐌒𐌏𐌉𐌌𐌄𐌃𐌌𐌉𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌍𐌄𐌉𐌕𐌄𐌃𐌄𐌍𐌃𐌏𐌂𐌏𐌔𐌌𐌉𐌔𐌖𐌉𐌓𐌂𐌏𐌔𐌉𐌄𐌃 / / 𐌃𐌖𐌄𐌍𐌏𐌔𐌌𐌄𐌃𐌅𐌄𐌂𐌄𐌃𐌄𐌍𐌌𐌀𐌍𐌏𐌌𐌄𐌉𐌍𐌏𐌌𐌃𐌖𐌄𐌍𐌏𐌉𐌍𐌄𐌌𐌄𐌃𐌌𐌀𐌋𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌏𐌃

 * 1) * c. 620–600 BC, :
 * "la"

- 𐌄𐌂𐌏𐌖𐌓𐌍𐌀𐌕𐌉𐌕𐌀𐌖𐌄𐌍𐌃𐌉𐌀𐌔𐌌𐌀𐌌𐌀𐌓[𐌂𐌏𐌔𐌌]𐌄𐌃𐌖𐌇𐌄[𐌂𐌄𐌃]

 * 1) * 6th century BC, Tibur pedestal inscription (CIL I$2$ 2658; image (page 18)):
 * "la"

- 𐌇𐌏𐌉𐌌𐌄𐌃𐌌𐌉𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌊𐌀𐌖𐌉𐌏𐌔𐌌𐌏𐌍𐌉𐌏𐌔𐌒𐌄𐌕𐌉𐌏𐌔𐌃[𐌏]𐌍𐌏𐌌𐌐𐌓𐌏𐌅𐌉𐌋𐌄𐌏𐌃

 * 1) * c. 500 BC, :
 * "la"

- 𐌍𐌄𐌉[- - -]𐌐𐌀𐌓𐌉𐌌𐌄𐌃𐌄𐌔𐌏𐌌𐌊𐌏𐌌𐌌𐌄𐌏𐌉𐌔𐌔𐌏𐌊𐌉𐌏𐌉𐌔𐌕𐌓𐌉𐌖𐌏𐌉𐌀𐌃𐌃𐌄𐌏𐌌𐌃𐌖𐌏

Etymology
From, from , from , from.

Preposition

 * 1) with
 * 2) by
 * med båt / tog - by boat / train
 * 1) of
 * fat med olje - barrel of oil

Etymology
From.

Preposition

 * 1) with (in the company of)
 * 2) by
 * med båt / tog - by boat / train
 * 1) of
 * fat med olje - barrel of oil
 * fat med olje - barrel of oil

Noun

 * 1) honey

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) reward
 * 2) * 5th century,
 * "ang"

- ᚷᚫᚷᚩᚷᚫ᛫ᛗᚫᚷᚫ᛫ᛗᛖᛞᚢ

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) honey

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) Mede

Etymology 1
, from, from.

Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 (whence 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬), 🇨🇬 or 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) honey
 * teče med i mleko iz usta - milk and honey floats from his mouth

Etymology 2
Variant of.

Preposition

 * 1)  between
 * 2)  among

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) honey (the sweet liquid made by bees)

Etymology 1
From

Preposition

 * 1)  between (stationary)
 * 2)  between (motion towards)

Etymology 2
From

Noun

 * 1) honey

Etymology 3
From.

Noun

 * 1) brass

Etymology 1
From, from , from.

Adverb

 * 1) also, as well, too

Derived terms

 * See preposition below.

Preposition

 * 1) with, together with, in the company of
 * 2) including, containing, with; in addition to
 * 3) by, with; by means of
 * 4) at, in, on, with
 * 5) to (in the expression "lika med" = "equal to")
 * 1) by, with; by means of
 * 2) at, in, on, with
 * 3) to (in the expression "lika med" = "equal to")
 * 1) at, in, on, with
 * 2) to (in the expression "lika med" = "equal to")
 * 1) at, in, on, with
 * 2) to (in the expression "lika med" = "equal to")
 * 1) to (in the expression "lika med" = "equal to")
 * 1) to (in the expression "lika med" = "equal to")
 * 1) to (in the expression "lika med" = "equal to")
 * 1) to (in the expression "lika med" = "equal to")

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1) a runner device upon which something slides
 * 2) a rocker a device upon which something rocks

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: med


text:
madame

Etymology
Borrowed from, from. .

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) madam

Etymology
From, equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) madam, Mrs. or Ms.;
 * 2)  lady, woman
 * 3) the female employer of a domestic servant
 * 1) madam, Mrs. or Ms.;
 * 2)  lady, woman
 * 3) the female employer of a domestic servant
 * 1) the female employer of a domestic servant

Usage notes

 * Unlike in English, Madame is frequently used without a name or article as a polite reference to a woman in the third person, notably in official registers:

 * Although un/le monsieur is used as a common noun to mean "a/the gentleman," using the word une/la madame to mean "a/the lady" is considered childish language. Instead, une/la  is used.

Synonyms

 * M$me$,
 * M⇭⇭⇭,

Etymology
From ; compare.

Noun

 * 1) madam polite term of address or (less often) title for a noble lady

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) madam polite term of address to a woman
 * 2) madam mistress of a household

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) madam polite term of address to a woman
 * 2) madam mistress of a household

Noun

 * 1)  (and French)

title: madame


text:
monsieur

Etymology
From. .

Noun

 * 1)  A man, especially a French gentleman.

Etymology
From +, from the oblique case of  (cf. also ), ultimately from. The first syllable has been reduced through frequent use. Loss of word-final was common in Early Modern French, but failed to established itself except in (most) words in. and are two relics of this pronunciation habit.

Noun

 * 1) mister, sir a title or form of address for a man, used with or without the name in direct or third-person address
 * 2) gentleman

Usage notes

 * A custom held that it was impolite to use Monsieur with a family name (e.g. Monsieur Dupont) in direct address from a hierarchical inferior to a superior, unless it was needed to disambiguate. Instead, one should simply address the person as Monsieur. This custom may now be obsolete.

 * Unlike in English, Monsieur is frequently used without a name or article as a polite reference to a man in the third person, notably in official registers:
 * Additionally, Monsieur (and Madame) are sometimes used in conjunction with titles/roles in formal registers.
 * Additionally, Monsieur (and Madame) are sometimes used in conjunction with titles/roles in formal registers.

 * Although un/le monsieur is used as a common noun to mean "a/the gentleman", using the word une/la madame to mean "a/the lady" is considered childish language. Instead, une/la dame is used.

Descendants
(Some of these may be derived from Middle French.)

title: monsieur


text:
User:Sam Hocevar

Wikimedia: Commons ~ Meta Wikipedia: Català ~ Dansk ~ Deutsch ~ Ελληνικά ~ English ~ Esperanto ~ Español ~ Suomi ~ Français ~ Galego ~ Interlingua ~ Bahasa Indonesia ~ Italiano ~ 日本語 ~ Latina ~ Nederlands ~ Polski ~ Português ~ Română ~ Русский ~ Simple English ~ Slovenščina ~ Walon ~ 中文 Wiktionary: Deutsch ~ English ~ Español ~ Français ~ 日本語

title: User:Sam Hocevar


text:
sieur

Etymology
From the oblique case of (see also French ), from, from  (whence also , from the accusative form), from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, etc. Also a.

Noun

 * 1) sir, Mr., lord; title of respect for a man

title: sieur


text:
senex

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) An older or old man.

Etymology
From, reshaped from. Sihler holds the former inflection to be a consonant stem *sē, senis, with some remodeled endings taken from the antonym ; others propose an o-stem (but this leaves the remade nominative singular less clearly motivated). Nonetheless, the apparent discrepancy between the nominative senex and the oblique root sen- may reflect a Proto-Italic root *seneɣ-, which in Old Latin would yield senex in the nominative and *seneh- (later contracted to sen-) in the oblique. Cognates include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) old man, older man typically age 40 or older; older than a
 * 2) * ; speech 2, section 5
 * magno opere contemno, conlectum ex senibus desperatis, ex agresti luxuria, ex rusticis decoctoribus, ex eis qui vadimonia deserere quam illum exercitum maluerunt;
 * I thoroughly despise that army composed of desperate old men, of clownish profligates, and uneducated spendthrifts; of those who have preferred to desert their bail rather than that army
 * 1) old person, older person
 * 2)   old woman, older woman
 * 1) old person, older person
 * 2)   old woman, older woman
 * 1)   old woman, older woman
 * 1)   old woman, older woman

Descendants

 * Borrowings:
 * Borrowings:

Adjective

 * 1)  old, aged, elderly

Usage notes

 * Mostly used with animate masculine nouns: Allen and Greenough suggests it can be characterized as a "masculine adjective". However, some inanimate examples occur in the poetry of Martial (masculine: senibus autumnis, senem ... cadum; feminine: senibus ... Damascenis) and in the Appendix Vergiliana (neuter: senibus ... saeclis). See Citations:senex. As with the noun, feminine use is rare. The explicitly feminine counterpart is sometimes used adjectivally in like manner. The late antique grammar Instituta artium (pseudo-Probus, probably 4th century) says it is grammatical to use  and  in apposition or as a predicate with a neuter noun such as  (e.g. senex mancipium "old man slave" = "old (male) slave", hoc mancipium senex est "this slave is an old man" = "this slave is old") but denies that senex is a neuter inflected adjective form in this context, saying it is impossible for it to be preceded by a neuter demonstrative (e.g. per pseudo-Probus, one can't say *hoc senex mancipium "this-N old man slave-N").
 * The forms are normally identical to those of the noun, with consonant-stem ablative singular and genitive plural  (compare ). Alternative i-stem forms (ablative singular  and genitive plural ) are only attested postclassically and are not usual.
 * The superlative form is not used in Classical Latin; the sense "oldest" is expressed instead with the phrase.

title: senex


text:
senate

Etymology
From, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) In some bicameral legislative systems, the upper house or chamber.
 * 2) A group of experienced, respected, wise individuals serving as decision makers or advisors in a political system or in institutional governance, as in a university, and traditionally of advanced age.
 * 3) In Germany, the executive branch of government in the city states of Berlin, Bremen, and Hamburg; the governments of cities that were part of the Hanseatic League; and the bench in a higher appellate court.
 * 1) In Germany, the executive branch of government in the city states of Berlin, Bremen, and Hamburg; the governments of cities that were part of the Hanseatic League; and the bench in a higher appellate court.

Derived terms

 * senate-house

Translations

 * Afrikaans: senaat
 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: مَجْلِس الشُّيُوخ
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: senat
 * Basque:
 * Belarusian: сена́т
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: senato
 * Estonian: senat
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: სენატი
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Haitian Creole: sena
 * Hebrew: סֶנָאט
 * Hindi: सीनेट
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: öldungadeild
 * Indonesian:
 * Interlingua: senato
 * Irish: seanad
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Kazakh: сенат
 * Khmer: ព្រឹទ្ធសភា
 * Korean: 상원(上院),
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Lao: ວຸດທິສະພາ
 * Latin:
 * Latvian: senāts
 * Lithuanian:
 * Macedonian: сенат
 * Malay: senat
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Mongolian: ᠰᠧᠨᠠᠲ
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: сѐна̄т
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: senát
 * Slovene:
 * Sotho: senate
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili: seneti
 * Swedish:
 * Tajik: сенат
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: senat
 * Ukrainian: сена́т
 * Urdu: سینیٹ
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese:
 * Welsh:
 * Yiddish: סענאַט

 * Latin:
 * Maori: kāhui hanga ture

title: senate


text:
interval cycle

Noun

 * 1)  That which unfolds a single recurrent interval in a series that closes with a return to the initial pitch class.

title: interval cycle


text:
basso

Etymology 1
From, from. .

Noun

 * 1)  A bass singer, especially in opera.
 * 2)  An instrumental part written for a bass instrument.
 * 3)  The double bass, or contrabasso.

Noun

 * 1)  or pasha.

Etymology
Borrowed from, from.

Noun

 * 1)  bass voice; low spectrum of sound tones
 * 2)  bass guitar

Etymology
From, possibly of origin.

Adjective

 * 1) low
 * 2) short
 * 3) narrow, thin
 * 4) shallow
 * 5) faint
 * 6) low, lower, lowered
 * 7)  base
 * 1) shallow
 * 2) faint
 * 3) low, lower, lowered
 * 4)  base
 * 1) low, lower, lowered
 * 2)  base

Adverb

 * 1) low

Noun

 * 1) bottom, lower part
 * 2)  bass (all senses); bass guitar
 * 3)  basso

Etymology
From, or some dialectal variant which retains -ss- from , with further semantic influence from.

Adjective

 * 1) low

Adverb

 * 1)  underneath

title: basso


text:
haircut

Noun

 * 1) The act of cutting of the hair, often done professionally by a barber, hair stylist, or beautician.
 * 2) The style into which the hair is cut.
 * 3)   A partial loss, financially: thus, in a bankruptcy proceeding, the proportional reduction in the debt that will be paid to each creditor (based on an evaluation of the total debt owed and the total assets of the debtor); among investors, the negative return on investment from a losing proposition.
 * 4)  The difference between the value of a loan and the value of its collateral.
 * 1)  The difference between the value of a loan and the value of its collateral.
 * 1)  The difference between the value of a loan and the value of its collateral.
 * 1)  The difference between the value of a loan and the value of its collateral.
 * 1)  The difference between the value of a loan and the value of its collateral.
 * 1)  The difference between the value of a loan and the value of its collateral.
 * 1)  The difference between the value of a loan and the value of its collateral.

Translations

 * Arabic: حَلَاقَة
 * Hijazi Arabic: حِلاقة
 * Moroccan Arabic: حسانة, حلاقة
 * Belarusian: стры́жка
 * Bengali: চুল কাটা
 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: ,
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian:
 * Faroese: hárklipping
 * Finnish: tukanleikkuu,
 * French:
 * German:, Haareschneiden
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Ilocano: pukis
 * Italian: taglio di capelli,
 * Japanese: 刈り込み, ,
 * Kapampangan: urud
 * Khmer: កាត់សក់
 * Korean:, 산발, 머리깎기
 * Lithuanian: kirpimas
 * Macedonian: потстрижување
 * Maori: whakaihonga, tarotaro
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: hårklipp
 * Nynorsk: hårklipp
 * Old English: efesung
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Quechua: rutuy
 * Romanian:, , , tăiere de păr
 * Russian:
 * Sanskrit: केशकर्तन
 * Slovak: strih, strihanie
 * Slovene: striženje
 * Spanish:, corte de pelo
 * Swedish:
 * Tamil:
 * Telugu: ,
 * Thai: การตัดผม
 * Turkish: ,
 * Ukrainian: стри́жка
 * Vietnamese:,  hớt tóc

 * Finnish:, velan alentaminen
 * German:

 * Icelandic: frádrag

Verb

 * 1) To reduce the value assigned to an asset.

title: haircut


text:
erection

Etymology
Borrowed from, noun of action from perfect passive participle , from verb , from prefix + , + action suffix.

Noun

 * 1)  The act of building or putting up or together of something.
 * 2)  Anything erected or built.
 * 3)  Formal approval and official establishment of an institution such as a society or a monastery by higher church authorities.
 * 4)  The physiological process by which erectile tissue, such as a penis or clitoris, becomes erect by being engorged with blood.
 * 5) * 2006, Lori Marso, Feminist Thinkers and the Demands of Femininity: The Lives and Work of Intellectual Women, Routledge (2006), ISBN 0415979269, unnumbered pages (quoting Simone Beauvoir):
 * There are men who say they cannot bear to show themselves naked before women unless in a state of erection; and indeed through erection the flesh becomes activity, potency,
 * 1)  The state or quality of being erect from engorgement with blood.
 * 2)  A penis or clitoris that is erect.
 * 1)  The physiological process by which erectile tissue, such as a penis or clitoris, becomes erect by being engorged with blood.
 * 2) * 2006, Lori Marso, Feminist Thinkers and the Demands of Femininity: The Lives and Work of Intellectual Women, Routledge (2006), ISBN 0415979269, unnumbered pages (quoting Simone Beauvoir):
 * There are men who say they cannot bear to show themselves naked before women unless in a state of erection; and indeed through erection the flesh becomes activity, potency,
 * 1)  The state or quality of being erect from engorgement with blood.
 * 2)  A penis or clitoris that is erect.
 * 1) * 2006, Lori Marso, Feminist Thinkers and the Demands of Femininity: The Lives and Work of Intellectual Women, Routledge (2006), ISBN 0415979269, unnumbered pages (quoting Simone Beauvoir):
 * There are men who say they cannot bear to show themselves naked before women unless in a state of erection; and indeed through erection the flesh becomes activity, potency,
 * 1)  The state or quality of being erect from engorgement with blood.
 * 2)  A penis or clitoris that is erect.
 * 1)  A penis or clitoris that is erect.
 * 1)  A penis or clitoris that is erect.
 * 1)  A penis or clitoris that is erect.
 * 1)  A penis or clitoris that is erect.

Translations

 * Bikol Central: pagtugdok
 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Latin: erectio
 * Macedonian: подигање
 * Marathi: उभारणी
 * Nepali: ठाडो हुनु
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: togail
 * Turkish:, ,

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: ,
 * Galician:
 * Greek:, ,
 * Japanese:, 建設物
 * Nepali: ठाडो भएको
 * Portuguese:
 * Turkish: ,

 * Bikol Central: paglatog
 * Czech: ztopoření,
 * Finnish: ,
 * Galician:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: στύμα
 * Japanese:
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Latin: ērectiō, tentīgō, verpa
 * Malayalam:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:, , ,
 * Ukrainian: ере́кція

 * Albanian: ereksion
 * Arabic: نُعُوظ, اِنْتِصَاب
 * Armenian:
 * Asturian: ereición
 * Azerbaijani: ereksiya
 * Belarusian: эрэкцыя
 * Bengali:
 * Bikol Central: latog
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian: ерекция
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 扯旗
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: ztopoření,
 * Danish: erektion,
 * Dhivehi: ކޮޅުވުން
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: erektiĝo
 * Estonian: erektsioon
 * Faroese: standing
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Gujarati:
 * Hebrew: זיקפה
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic: standpína
 * Indonesian:, ngaceng
 * Irish: éirí
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: エレクション,
 * Korean:
 * Latin: ērectiō
 * Lithuanian: erekcija
 * Macedonian: ерекција, дигање
 * Malay: ereksi
 * Maltese: erezzjoni
 * Manx: çhionney
 * Maori: ure tora
 * Marathi:
 * Nepali: ठाडो
 * Norwegian: reisning
 * Bokmål: ereksjon,
 * Nynorsk: ereksjon,
 * Persian: شق کردن,
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Sanskrit: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:, ерѐкција
 * Slovak: stoporenie,
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog: pag-iri
 * Tamil:
 * Telugu:
 * Thai: การแข็งตัวขององคชาต
 * Turkish:, ,
 * Ukrainian: ере́кція
 * Urdu:
 * Vietnamese:
 * Yiddish: קישוי, אבֿר

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  (of a building, etc.)
 * 2)  (penile)

title: erection


text:
fractus

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  A cloud species which consists of broken shreds of cloud; scud.

Usage notes
Associated with the cloud genera cumulus and stratus. That is, one may speak of cumulus fractus and stratus fractus (respectively, formerly called and ).

Derived terms

 * stratus fractus

Etymology
Perfect passive participle of.

Participle

 * 1) broken, shattered, having been broken.
 * 2) vanquished, defeated, having been defeated.

Adjective

 * 1) harsh, sour
 * 2) tired, exhausted
 * 3) languid, soft, cutesy
 * 4) destroyed, demolished, unheartened
 * 5) feeble, weak
 * 1) languid, soft, cutesy
 * 2) destroyed, demolished, unheartened
 * 3) feeble, weak
 * 1) feeble, weak

title: fractus


text:
repent

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from , from. Compare Modern 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  To feel pain, sorrow, or regret for what one has done or omitted to do; the cause for repenting may be indicated with "of".
 * Marry in haste, repent at leisure.
 * 1)  To be sorry for sin as morally evil, and to seek forgiveness; to cease to practice sin and to love.
 * 2)  To feel pain on account of; to remember with sorrow.
 * 3)  To be sorry for, to regret.
 * 4)  To cause to have sorrow or regret.
 * 5)  To cause (oneself) to feel pain or regret.
 * 6) * c. 1515–1516, published 1568,, Againſt venemous tongues enpoyſoned with ſclaunder and falſe detractions &c.:
 * But if that I knewe what his name hight, For clatering of me I would him ſone quight; For his falſe lying, of that I ſpake never, I could make him ſhortly repent him forever: […]
 * 1)  To change one's mind.
 * 1)  To feel pain on account of; to remember with sorrow.
 * 2)  To be sorry for, to regret.
 * 3)  To cause to have sorrow or regret.
 * 4)  To cause (oneself) to feel pain or regret.
 * 5) * c. 1515–1516, published 1568,, Againſt venemous tongues enpoyſoned with ſclaunder and falſe detractions &c.:
 * But if that I knewe what his name hight, For clatering of me I would him ſone quight; For his falſe lying, of that I ſpake never, I could make him ſhortly repent him forever: […]
 * 1)  To change one's mind.
 * 1)  To cause (oneself) to feel pain or regret.
 * 2) * c. 1515–1516, published 1568,, Againſt venemous tongues enpoyſoned with ſclaunder and falſe detractions &c.:
 * But if that I knewe what his name hight, For clatering of me I would him ſone quight; For his falſe lying, of that I ſpake never, I could make him ſhortly repent him forever: […]
 * 1)  To change one's mind.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * American Sign Language: A@Chest-PalmBack CirclesVert
 * Arabic: تَابَ
 * Aramaic:
 * Classical Syriac: ܬܘܐ
 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Chuukese: aier
 * Czech: kát se
 * Dutch:, berouw hebben
 * Esperanto: penti
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: arrepentir
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐌹𐌳𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍉𐌽
 * Greek: ,
 * Ancient: μετανοέω
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 悔い改める
 * Korean:
 * Malay: insaf
 * Maori: rīpenetā
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: angre
 * Old English: hrēowan
 * Portuguese: arrepender-se
 * Russian:, , , , ,
 * Serbo-Croatian: кајати, покајати, ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: шкодува́ти, ка́ятися

 * Arabic: تَابَ
 * Bulgarian: разкайвам се
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 懺悔
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Dutch:, berouw tonen
 * Finnish:, tehdä parannus
 * French:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: μετᾰνοέω
 * Ngazidja Comorian: tubu
 * Plautdietsch: omkjieren
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Serbo-Croatian: кајати, покајати, ,
 * Swahili: tubu
 * Turkish:

 * Dutch:, berouw hebben
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Old French: repentir
 * German: ,
 * Norman: r'penti
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Serbo-Croatian: кајати, покајати, ,
 * Turkish:

 * American Sign Language: A@Chest-PalmBack CirclesVert
 * Finnish: ,
 * Turkish:

 * German: ,

Etymology 2
From, present participle of.

Adjective

 * 1)  Creeping along the ground.

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) creeping

title: repent


text:
duet

Etymology
From, diminutive of.

Noun

 * 1)  A musical composition in two parts, each performed by a single voice (singer, instrument or univoce ensemble).
 * 2)  A song composed for and/or performed by a duo.
 * 3) A pair or couple, especially one that is harmonious or elegant.

Synonyms

 * ,, ; see also Thesaurus:duo
 * ,, ; see also Thesaurus:duo

Translations

 * Bulgarian: дуе́т
 * Catalan:, duet
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Dutch: ,
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:,  , ,
 * Maori: waiata tōrua
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: òran-càraid
 * Serbo-Croatian: dvopev
 * Slovene: duet
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Welsh: deuawd

Verb

 * 1)  To perform a duet.
 * 2) * 1822,, Letter to Mr. Moore, Pisa, July 12, 1822, in The Letters of George Gordon Byron, edited by , London: Walter Scott, 1887, p. 277,
 * When you can spare time from duetting, coquetting, and claretting with your Hibernians of both sexes, let me have a line from you.
 * 1)  To communicate (warnings, mating calls, etc.) through song.
 * 2) * 1975, Edward O. Wilson, Sociobiology: The New Synthesis, Belknap Press, p. 223,
 * Duetting species are typically monogamous.
 * 1)  To perform (sing, play, etc.) as a duet.
 * 2)  (of two people) To say at the same time, to chorus.
 * 3) * 1884, Anonymous, A Speculation, Denver: D. M. Richards, Chapter 12, p. 50,
 * “A bear!” exclaimed the Major, jumping up and coming forward.
 * “A bear!” dueted the Doctor and Right Rev., pressing hastily to the front.
 * 1)  (of two people) To say at the same time, to chorus.
 * 2) * 1884, Anonymous, A Speculation, Denver: D. M. Richards, Chapter 12, p. 50,
 * “A bear!” exclaimed the Major, jumping up and coming forward.
 * “A bear!” dueted the Doctor and Right Rev., pressing hastily to the front.
 * “A bear!” exclaimed the Major, jumping up and coming forward.
 * “A bear!” dueted the Doctor and Right Rev., pressing hastily to the front.

Usage notes

 * In the UK and other Commonwealth countries, the present and past participles of this verb are often spelled with a double T: duetted and duetting

Etymology
Borrowed from or  (itself borrowed from Italian).

Noun

 * 1) A duet musical piece performed by two players or two singers.
 * 2) A ballet routine performed by two dancers.

Etymology
From, from or  (itself borrowed from Italian).

Noun

 * 1)  musical piece performed by two players or two singers.

Etymology
, from.

Etymology
.

title: duet


text:
-ulum

Etymology 1
A phonologically conditioned alteration (allomorph) of Latin, from , generated by a rule deleting the suffix-initial stop in positions after stops.

Suffix

 * < *spek-klo- < *spek-tlo-
 * < *vink-klo- < *vink-tlo-
 * < *spek-klo- < *spek-tlo-
 * < *vink-klo- < *vink-tlo-

Etymology 2
Inflected from.

title: -ulum


text:
testiculus

Etymology
Diminutive of.

Noun

 * 1)  a testicle
 * 2)  manliness

title: testiculus


text:
contratenor altus

Noun

 * 1)  High countermelody sung against the tenor or main melody.

title: contratenor altus


text:
imbroglio

Etymology
Borrowed from (, alternative form of  + ; see also ), cognate with and probably from an earlier form of  (, a form of  + ).

Noun

 * 1) A complicated situation; an entanglement.
 * 2) * 2013, Frances Whiting, chapter 19, in Walking on Trampolines, Sydney, N.S.W.: Pan Macmillan Australia, ISBN 978-1-74261-120-4 ; trade paperback edition, New York, N.Y.: Gallery Books, February 2015, ISBN 978-1-4767-8001-6 page 207:
 * I could have phoned you with all this, Tallulah, but knowing you as I have over the years, when you and I have both been a party to some of Duncan's little imbroglios, I thought I should talk to you in person.
 * 1) * 2013, Frances Whiting, chapter 19, in Walking on Trampolines, Sydney, N.S.W.: Pan Macmillan Australia, ISBN 978-1-74261-120-4 ; trade paperback edition, New York, N.Y.: Gallery Books, February 2015, ISBN 978-1-4767-8001-6 page 207:
 * I could have phoned you with all this, Tallulah, but knowing you as I have over the years, when you and I have both been a party to some of Duncan's little imbroglios, I thought I should talk to you in person.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Dutch:
 * French: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: cíor thuathail, gírle guairle
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:

Etymology
From, from , cognate with and probably from an earlier form of , from +. .

Noun

 * 1) a complicated situation; an entanglement

Etymology 1
From, cognate with and probably from an earlier form of , from +.

Noun

 * 1) tangle, entanglement, muddle, scrape
 * 2) cheat, swindle, trick, diddle, fraud
 * 1) cheat, swindle, trick, diddle, fraud

Etymology
.

title: imbroglio


text:
Minnesota

Etymology
From.

Translations

 * Arabic: مِينِيسُوتَا
 * Bulgarian: Минесо́та
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish: Minnesota
 * Esperanto: Minesoto
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: მინესოტა
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: मिनेसोटा
 * Icelandic: Minnesota
 * Japanese: ミネソタ州, ミネソタ
 * Khmer: មីនីសូតា
 * Korean: ^미네소타
 * Lao: ມິນນິໂຊຕາ, ມິນເນໂຊຕາ
 * Macedonian: Минесо́та
 * Navajo: Mínisóodah hahoodzo
 * Ojibwe: Minisooding
 * Persian: مینسوتا
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Thai: มินนิโซตา
 * Turkish: Minnesota
 * Ukrainian: Міннесо́та
 * Uyghur: مىننېسوتا
 * White Hmong: Misnisxaustas
 * Yiddish: מינעסאָטאַ

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Etymology
From.

Etymology
.

Etymology
, from.

Etymology
.

title: Minnesota


text:
User:Muke/字

(Proposed sample CJK template to make the entries look more like a CJK-English dictionary than a character dictionary, by splitting character-specific information from language-specific information. The Romanization table is not a necessary accessory, just an example of what could be done, similar to the pronunciation tables I have been adding. It may not scale well when we begin adding pronunciation data from other dialects, or other romanization schemes [or phonetic ones such as, hopefully, IPA].  And yes, not the character but the word 森 is derived from 林; Starostin derives them from Old Chinese *s-rəm and *rəm, respectively.)

Etymology
Middle Chinese *lim, from Old Chinese *rəm. Compare Lushai ram "forest; kingdom".

Noun
林 (ㄌㄧㄋˊ, lín)
 * 1) forest
 * 2) a Chinese surname

Derived terms

 * 森 (sēn)

Compounds and ateji

 * 林业 simplified, 林業 traditional (línyè)
 * 少林寺 (shàolínsì)
 * 穆斯林 (mùsīlín)
 * 士林 (shìlín)
 * 吉林 (jílín)
 * 树林 simplified, 樹林 traditional (shùlín)

Readings

 * On: リン (rin)
 * Kun: はやし (hayashi), し (shi)

Noun
林 (はやし, hayashi)
 * 1) forest

Compounds and ateji

 * 林檎 (りんご, ringo)
 * 林学 (りんがく, ringaku)
 * 伯林 (べるりん, berurin)

Readings

 * Eumhun: 수풀 림 (supʼur im)

Romanizations

 * The 2000 South Korean Revised: rim>im    what is rim>im supposed to represent?
 * McCune-Reischauer: im
 * Yale: lim

Alternate forms

 * 林 (minchō shape variant)

Graphic information

 * Stroke order: (how is this expected to be filled anyway?)

 * Graphical Significance and Origin: trees (木) together

 * Common Meaning
 * forest, grove
 * surname

Indexing information

 * Radical Number 75: 木+4 strokes

 * Stroke number: 8

 * Four-Corner System: 44990

 * Cangjie input: 木木 (DD)

Dictionary Information

 * KangXi: 0516.050
 * Morohashi: 14551
 * Dae Jaweon: 0903.190
 * Hanyu Da Zidian: 21164.070

Technical Information

 * Unicode:
 * Hex: 6797
 * Decimal: 26519
 * Big5:
 * Hex: AA4C
 * Decimal: 43596

title: User:Muke/字


text:
yonks

Etymology
. First seen in print around 1960. One theory is that it comes from ; another is that it is an abbreviation of, and.

Noun

 * 1)  A long time (especially a longer time than expected); ages

title: yonks


text:
possessive

Etymology
From, from , from , from.

Adjective

 * 1) Of or pertaining to ownership or possession.
 * 2)  Indicating ownership, possession, origin, etc.
 * 3) Unwilling to yield possession of.

Translations

 * Arabic: تَمَلُكِي
 * Bulgarian: собственически
 * Catalan:
 * Dutch:
 * French:
 * Greek:
 * Scottish Gaelic: seilbheach
 * Spanish:

 * Arabic: صِيغَةُ اْلتَمَلُكِ
 * Belarusian: прынале́жны
 * Bulgarian: притежателен
 * Catalan:
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: posesiva
 * French:
 * German: besitzanzeigend,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: κτητικός
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: sealbhach
 * Norman: possessif
 * Old English: ġeāgniġendlīċ
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: seilbheach
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:, aitlik,
 * Ukrainian: присві́йний
 * Welsh: meddiannol

 * Catalan:
 * Dutch:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: gabhálach
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Welsh: meddiannol, meddiangar

Noun

 * 1)  The possessive case.
 * 2)  A word used to indicate the possessive case.

Translations

 * Maori: kupu whiwhinga, pūriro, rirohanga

title: possessive


text:
regere

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to rule, to govern

title: regere


text:
vocare

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to call, name; to invoke

title: vocare


text: vetare

title: vetare


text:
Talk:-ish

nationality, language
-ish is also a common suffix for the formation of language names and less frequently nationalities or other adjective describing origins etc. — Hippietrail 11:17, 31 May 2004 (UTC)

I agree this needs to be added to the article. List of English suffixes has an entry for this: Suffix : -ish Part of speech: adj, noun Meaning: nationality, language Example: Spanish, Turkish, English Stress: Stress on previous syllable

Jayvdb 01:15, 22 September 2006 (UTC)

pseudo-word formation
Should that be 'tennish', or 'tenish'? or when making up such pseudo-words, does it matter? Beobach972 23:22, 12 June 2006 (UTC)
 * These aren't "pseudo-words" nor are they "made-up". They may be informal, but the relation between ten and tennish is no different from that between red and reddish.

liverish
What is the meaning of -ish in liverish? --Backinstadiums (talk) 16:22, 30 October 2019 (UTC)
 * See etym 1, sense 1 (of adjectives from common nouns). -Mike (talk) 16:50, 30 October 2019 (UTC)

-f into -v
Is there a pattern of voicing of the final consonant as in elvish from elf? --Backinstadiums (talk) 19:02, 2 March 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:-ish


text:
Spaanse

Noun

 * 1) female Spanish person

title: Spaanse


text:
Purmerend

Etymology
First attested as purmerende in 1342. Compound of the hydronym and.

title: Purmerend


text:
ik hou van jou

Phrase

 * 1) I love you

title: ik hou van jou


text:
zwaard

Etymology
From, , from , from , from , ultimately from one of three Proto-Indo-European roots: (from whence ),  (from whence ), or  (from whence , see also 🇨🇬). Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) A sword, heavy blade weapon.
 * 2) A leeboard.

title: zwaard


text:
syncretic

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) Combining disparate elements in one system, especially as in forms of religious observance, philosophical systems, or artistic creations.
 * 2) * 1999, John B. Henderson, Imagining Boundaries: Changing Confucian Doctrines, Texts, and Hermeneutics, Kai-wing Chow, On Cho Ng, John B. Henderson (editors), Imagining Boundaries: Changing Confucian Doctrines, Texts, and Hermeneutics,, page 112,
 * From the point of view of many late Ming and Ch'ing scholars, the most syncretic, as well as the most threatening heretic of all was a nominal Confucian, Wang Yang-ming (1472-1528).
 * From the point of view of many late Ming and Ch'ing scholars, the most syncretic, as well as the most threatening heretic of all was a nominal Confucian, Wang Yang-ming (1472-1528).

Translations

 * Czech: synkretický
 * Esperanto: sinkreta
 * French:
 * German:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish: senkretik

title: syncretic


text:
insufflate

Etymology
From the past participle stem of, from +.

Verb

 * 1)  To breathe or blow into or on.
 * 2)  To treat by blowing a gas, vapor, or powder into a body cavity.
 * 3)  To inhale (a powder etc.).
 * 4) * 2001: Cocaine is usually taken by insufflating the white powdered cocaine sulphate into the nose, which leads to rapid absorption of the drug into the bloodstream. — Leslie Iversen, Drugs: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford 2001, p. 98)
 * 5)  To exhale upon baptismal water, or the one being baptised, as a ritual act.
 * 1)  To exhale upon baptismal water, or the one being baptised, as a ritual act.

title: insufflate


text:
chamber

Etymology
From, borrowed from , from , from. .

Noun

 * 1) A room or set of rooms, particularly:
 * 2) The private room of an individual, especially of someone wealthy or noble.
 * 3) A bedroom.
 * 4) The private office of a judge.
 * 5) The room used for deliberation by a legislature.
 * 6)  A single law office in a building housing several.
 * 7)  Rooms in a lodging house.
 * 8)   a container used for urination and defecation in one's chambers.
 * 9)  The legislature or division of the legislature itself.
 * 10) Any enclosed space occupying or similar to a room.
 * 11)  An enlarged space in an underground tunnel of a burrowing animal.
 * 12)  The area holding the ammunition round at the initiation of its discharge.
 * 13)  One of the bullet-holding compartments in the cylinder of a revolver.
 * 14)  A short piece of ordnance or cannon which stood on its breech without any carriage, formerly used chiefly for celebrations and theatrical cannonades.
 * 15) One of the two atria or two ventricles of the heart.
 * 1)  An enlarged space in an underground tunnel of a burrowing animal.
 * 2)  The area holding the ammunition round at the initiation of its discharge.
 * 3)  One of the bullet-holding compartments in the cylinder of a revolver.
 * 4)  A short piece of ordnance or cannon which stood on its breech without any carriage, formerly used chiefly for celebrations and theatrical cannonades.
 * 5) One of the two atria or two ventricles of the heart.
 * 1) One of the two atria or two ventricles of the heart.

Synonyms

 * See Thesaurus:chamber pot

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish: ;
 * Galician:
 * Gothic: 𐌷𐌴𐌸𐌾𐍉
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: θάλαμος
 * Latin: camera
 * Macedonian: со́ба, о́даја, ста́ја
 * Plautdietsch: Stow
 * Russian: ,
 * Ukrainian:, покі́й

 * Arabic: حُجْرَة
 * Belarusian: пако́й
 * Bulgarian:
 * Esperanto: ,
 * Finnish:
 * Galician: ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: θάλαμος, δωμάτιον
 * Macedonian: со́ба
 * Middle English: bour
 * Russian:
 * Ukrainian:, покі́й

 * Arabic: غُرْفَة
 * Moroccan Arabic: بيت
 * Bavarian: Kauma
 * Belarusian: спа́льня
 * Bulgarian:, спа́лня
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: dormoĉambro
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Galician: ,
 * German:, , , , ,
 * Greek:, , ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Ingrian: kammari
 * Irish:
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Korean:
 * Latin: camera,
 * Macedonian: спа́лна, со́ба
 * Maore Comorian: fuko
 * Middle English: bour
 * Norwegian: ,
 * Persian: اتاق خواب
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Scots: chaumer
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: komora
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: спа́льня
 * Urdu: خواب گاہ

 * Finnish:
 * Hebrew:

 * Finnish: ,
 * Galician:

 * Finnish:
 * Hebrew:
 * Russian:

 * Arabic: مَجْلِس
 * Bavarian: Kauma
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: ,
 * Greek:, διασκεπτήριο
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian: дом, па́лата
 * Malay:
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Ukrainian:

 * Arabic: مَجْلِس
 * Armenian:
 * Bavarian: Kauma
 * Bulgarian: камера
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:, kamero
 * Finnish: ; ;
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek:, ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Macedonian: пре́града
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

 * Arabic: حُجْرَة
 * Bavarian: Kauma
 * Bulgarian: патро́нник
 * Catalan: recambra,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: kamero
 * Finnish: patruunapesä
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Irish: cuasán
 * Korean: 약실
 * Macedonian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Ottoman Turkish: خزینه
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish: recámara

 * Bulgarian: патронник
 * Finnish: patruunapesä
 * Galician:
 * Macedonian:, ле́жиште
 * Ottoman Turkish: خزینه
 * Russian:

 * Korean:, ,
 * Spanish:

Verb

 * 1)  To enclose in a room.
 * 2) To reside in or occupy a chamber or chambers.
 * 3)  To place in a chamber, as a round of ammunition.
 * 4)  To create or modify a gun to be a specific caliber.
 * 5)  To prepare an offensive, defensive, or counteroffensive action by drawing a limb or weapon to a position where it may be charged with kinetic energy.
 * 6)  To be lascivious.
 * 1)  To create or modify a gun to be a specific caliber.
 * 2)  To prepare an offensive, defensive, or counteroffensive action by drawing a limb or weapon to a position where it may be charged with kinetic energy.
 * 3)  To be lascivious.
 * 1)  To be lascivious.
 * 1)  To be lascivious.

Synonyms

 * , ; see also Thesaurus:harlotize

title: chamber


text:
分庭

Verb

 * 1)  to stand in different parts of the courtyard as a symbol of equality among the people

Noun

 * 1) chamber; divisional court

title: 分庭


text:
kamer

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) A room, a chamber.

Etymology
From, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) A room, physical chamber in a building.
 * 2)  A bedroom.
 * 3)  A living room.
 * 4)  A special, more luxurious living room (formerly) reserved for use on Sundays and holidays, found in old houses that were inhabited by relatively affluent people.
 * 5)  A non-campus residence for students.
 * 6) A board, judicial court or other institution with a specific competence.
 * 7) A chamber or division of a legisative assembly such as a parliament.
 * 8) A separated section in a structured object, e.g. chamber of a gun.
 * 1) A board, judicial court or other institution with a specific competence.
 * 2) A chamber or division of a legisative assembly such as a parliament.
 * 3) A separated section in a structured object, e.g. chamber of a gun.
 * 1) A chamber or division of a legisative assembly such as a parliament.
 * 2) A separated section in a structured object, e.g. chamber of a gun.
 * 1) A separated section in a structured object, e.g. chamber of a gun.
 * 1) A separated section in a structured object, e.g. chamber of a gun.
 * 1) A separated section in a structured object, e.g. chamber of a gun.

Derived terms
- board or institution

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) room

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1)  A moon.

title: kamer


text:
chambre

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) room

Etymology
,, from , Medieval spelling of , from. , a borrowing.

Noun

 * 1) a chamber in its various senses, including:
 * 2) a room.
 * 3) a hotel room.
 * 4) a bedroom.
 * 5) a house of a parliament.

Usage notes

 * In the context of a house or building, used mainly for bedrooms.

Etymology 1
Borrowed from, from , , from.

Noun

 * 1) room; chamber

Etymology
Borrowed from, from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  bedroom

Etymology
From, Medieval spelling of , from.

Noun

 * 1) room
 * 2) chamber of a building
 * 3) bedroom, sleeping quarters

title: chambre


text:
αίθουσα

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) room, chamber, hall, auditorium

title: αίθουσα


text:
alloggiamento

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) lodging
 * 2) chamber

title: alloggiamento


text:
部屋

Etymology
Originally a compound of.

First cited to the late 900s.

Noun

 * 1) room (of a house or hotel), chamber, apartment, flat
 * 2)  a stable where rikishi live and train together under a shisho oyakata (stable master)

title: 部屋


text:
약실

Noun

 * 1) pharmacy, drugstore
 * 2) doctor's medicine room
 * 3) a powder/cartridge chamber

title: 약실


text:
câmara

Etymology
From, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) chamber
 * 2) council
 * 3) camera
 * 1) camera

Noun

 * 1) cameraman, camerawoman

title: câmara


text:
камера

Noun

 * 1) camera

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  camera
 * 2) chamber, cell, compartment
 * 3)  prison cell, ward
 * 4) room, office
 * 5) inner tube (of a tire)
 * 6) bladder (of a ball)
 * 7) barrel (of a pump)

Noun

 * 1) video camera

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) cell
 * 2) chamber
 * 3) chamber
 * 4)  camera
 * 1)  camera
 * 1)  camera
 * 1)  camera

title: камера


text:
compartimiento

Noun

 * 1) compartment
 * 2) chamber

title: compartimiento


text:
chamber of commerce

Noun

 * 1)  An association of businesses to promote their interests in a community.
 * The US Chamber of Commerce represents Big Business nationally, but state and local chambers of commerce are for smaller businesses locally.

Translations

 * Catalan: cambra de comerç
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:, Kamers van Koophandel
 * Esperanto: komerca ĉambro
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: სავაჭრო პალატა
 * German:
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Macedonian: стопанска комора
 * Malay: dewan perniagaan
 * Peranakan Indonesian: sianghwee
 * Polish: izba handlowa
 * Portuguese: câmara de comércio
 * Russian: торго́вая пала́та
 * Spanish: cámara de comercio
 * Swedish:
 * Thai:

title: chamber of commerce


text:
cámara

Etymology
From (13th century, ), from, from.

Noun

 * 1) chamber
 * 2) namely, the main bedroom of a house
 * 3) the room used for deliberation by a legislature
 * 4) an enclosed space
 * 5)  toilet, bathroom
 * 6)  the area holding the ammunition round
 * 7) camera
 * 8)  cabin
 * 1)  cabin

Etymology
, borrowed from, variant of , from. .

Noun

 * 1) room
 * 2) camera
 * 3) chamber
 * 4) legislature
 * 5) inner tube
 * 6)  cabin
 * 7) bowel movement
 * 1)  cabin
 * 2) bowel movement
 * 1) bowel movement

Noun

 * 1)  cameraman, camera operator

title: cámara


text:
enjoy

Etymology
From, from , , , equivalent to.

Verb

 * 1)  To receive pleasure or satisfaction from something.
 * 2)  To have the use or benefit of something.
 * 3)  To be satisfied or receive pleasure.
 * 4)  To have sexual intercourse with.
 * 1)  To have the use or benefit of something.
 * 2)  To be satisfied or receive pleasure.
 * 3)  To have sexual intercourse with.
 * 1)  To be satisfied or receive pleasure.
 * 2)  To have sexual intercourse with.
 * 1)  To have sexual intercourse with.
 * 1)  To have sexual intercourse with.

Usage notes

 * This is a catenative verb that takes the gerund (-ing). See Appendix:English catenative verbs

Synonyms

 * ,, ; see also Thesaurus:copulate with
 * ,, ; see also Thesaurus:copulate with

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * American Sign Language: OpenB@Chest-PalmBack-OpenB@Trunk-PalmBack RoundSurface-RoundSurface
 * Arabic: اِسْتَمْتَعَ, تَمَتَّعَ, اِنْبَسَطَ
 * South Levantine Arabic: انبسط
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: həzz almaq
 * Basque: gozatu
 * Belarusian: насало́джвацца, це́шыцца, наце́шыцца
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian:, изпи́твам удово́лствие, наслаждавам се, наслади́ се
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 享受
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Corsican:
 * Czech: ,
 * Dalmatian: gaudar
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: genieten van
 * Esperanto: ĝui
 * Estonian: nautima
 * Finnish:
 * French: profiter de, jouir de,  apprécier,
 * Friulian: gjoldi
 * Galician:, desfrutar
 * Georgian:
 * German: ,
 * Gothic: 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: τέρπομαι
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: आनंद लेना, मज़े लेना, उपभोग करना
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: bain sult as, bain taitneamh as, bain spórt as
 * Istriot: guodi
 * Italian:, fare con , ,
 * Japanese:
 * Khmer:
 * Korean:
 * Ladin: goder
 * Latin: fruor
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Lombard:, gudè,
 * Luxembourgish: genéissen
 * Maltese: igawdu
 * Maori: hākinakina
 * Mongolian:
 * Neapolitan: gudè
 * Ngazidja Comorian: la
 * Norman: joui
 * Norwegian:
 * Occitan: ,
 * Old English: brūcan
 * Old Norse: njóta
 * Ottoman Turkish: بگنمك
 * Persian:
 * Polish:, , podobać się , spodobać się
 * Portuguese:, , , ,
 * Quechua: achiy
 * Romanian:, ,
 * Romansch: giudair, guder, giuder, galdeir, giodair
 * Russian:, , получа́ть удово́льствие, получи́ть удово́льствие
 * Sanskrit:, ,
 * Sardinian: godire, gudire, bodire, gosae, gosai, gosare
 * Scottish Gaelic: còrd ri, meal, gabh tlachd ann
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ужи́вати, густирати
 * Roman: ,
 * Sicilian: ,
 * Slovak: tešiť, baviť
 * Slovene: uživati
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish: ,
 * Thai:
 * Tocharian B: winā-ññ-
 * Turkish: zevk almak,, eylenmek,
 * Ukrainian: насоло́джуватися, насолоди́тися, усоло́джуватися, усолоди́тися,, наті́шитися, зазнава́ти насоло́ди, зазна́ти насоло́ди
 * Venetian: goder, godar
 * Vietnamese:
 * Volapük:
 * Welsh:
 * Yiddish: געניסן

 * Arabic: حَظِيَ
 * Breton:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, , ,
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * French: jouir de
 * German:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian:, ,
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: 향수하다,
 * Latin: fruor
 * Ngazidja Comorian: la
 * Old English: brūcan
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Russian:
 * Slovene: uživati
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Swedish:
 * Vietnamese:

 * Dutch:
 * Malayalam:
 * Norwegian: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Romansch:
 * Sardinian:

title: enjoy


text:
disfrutar

Verb

 * 1) to enjoy

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1)  to enjoy

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to enjoy

title: disfrutar


text:
madder

Etymology 1
From, , , from , , , from (compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 / 🇨🇬), from , cognate with 🇨🇬, and compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) A herbaceous plant,, native to Asia, cultivated for a red-purple dye (alizarin) obtained from the root.
 * 2) The root of the plant, used as a medicine or a dye.
 * 3) A dye made from the plant.
 * 4) A deep reddish colour, like that of the dye.

Synonyms

 * common madder, dyer's madder

Translations

 * Afar:
 * Akkadian: 𒁍𒉿𒌈
 * Albanian: bimë ngjyruese,, rrojbë
 * Amharic:
 * Arabic: فُوَّة صَبْغِيَّة, فُوَّة
 * Aramaic:
 * Jewish: פּוּתָא, פּוּאֲתָא
 * Syriac: ܦܽܘܬܳܐ
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: boyaqotu
 * Belarusian: марэ́на, мару́на
 * Breton: gwrizienn-ruz
 * Bulgarian: брош
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Chuvash:
 * Czech: mořena
 * Danish: krap
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: punavärvik, krapp
 * Finnish:, aitovärimatara,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian:
 * German: Färberkrapp, Färberröte,
 * Greek:, ερυθρόδανο
 * Gujarati:
 * Harari:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:
 * Hittite: 𒊺𒉿𒁕
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Irish: madar
 * Italian:, garanza
 * Japanese:
 * Kannada:
 * Kazakh:
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: ڕۆنیاس
 * Northern Kurdish: soring
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Latin: rubia
 * Latvian: madara
 * Macedonian: броќ
 * Malayalam:
 * Norwegian: krapp
 * Old Norse: maðra
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ruiva-dos-tintureiros, ruiva, granza, garança
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: бро̏ћ
 * Roman: brȍć
 * Slovak: marena
 * Slovene: brošč
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian:
 * Upper Sorbian: čerwjenka
 * Spanish: rubia roja
 * Swedish: krappar
 * Tamil:
 * Tatar:
 * Telugu:
 * Tibetan:
 * Tigre:
 * Tigrinya:
 * Turkish:
 * Ugaritic: 𐎔𐎆𐎚
 * Ukrainian: маре́на
 * Uzbek:
 * Welsh: cochwraidd, gwreiddrudd

 * Finnish: värimataran juuri
 * Georgian:
 * German: Krappwurzel
 * Irish:
 * Italian:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:

 * Akkadian: 𒁍𒉿𒌈
 * Armenian:
 * Finnish: alitsariini,, alitsariinipunainen
 * Georgian:
 * German: Krapprot, Krappfarbstoff,, Alizarinrot
 * Hittite:
 * Irish:
 * Italian: alizarina
 * Japanese:
 * Latin: rubia
 * Portuguese:, garança
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: rojo de alizarina
 * Welsh: madr

 * Finnish: alitsariinipunainen
 * French:
 * Georgian:
 * German: Krapprot
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish:
 * Italian: rosso di robbia
 * Japanese:
 * Persian: روناسی
 * Romanian: roz pal
 * Spanish: rojo turco

Adjective

 * 1) Of a deep reddish purple colour, like that of the dye.

Translations

 * Dutch:
 * French:
 * Georgian:
 * German: krapprot
 * Indonesian:
 * Japanese: 茜色の
 * Romanian: roz pal
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: rojo turco

Verb

 * 1)  To dye with madder.

Etymology 2
Inflected forms.

Etymology 3
From.

Noun

 * 1) * c.1720 Jonathan Swift (translation from the Irish) "O'Rourke's Feast":
 * Usequebaugh to our feast - In pails was brought up,
 * A hundred at least, - And the madder our cup,
 * O there is the sport!
 * O there is the sport!

title: madder


text: cordifolia

title: cordifolia


text:
Actinidia cordifolia

Hypernyms

 * - order; - family;  - genus

title: Actinidia cordifolia


text:
rubia

Etymology
Short for Latin. is derived from.

Noun

 * 1) A red dye, madder.
 * 2) * c. 77-79 AD, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 19.17
 * "la"

- in primis rubia, tinguendis lanis et coriis necessaria

Descendants

 * Translingual:
 * Translingual:
 * Translingual:
 * Translingual:
 * Translingual:

title: rubia


text: Betula cordifolia

title: Betula cordifolia


text:
birch

Etymology
From, , from , , from , from , from.

Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, variant of (compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) Any of various trees of the genus, native to countries in the Northern Hemisphere.
 * 2) A hard wood taken from the birch tree, typically used to make furniture.
 * 3) A stick, rod or bundle of twigs made from birch wood, used for punishment.
 * 4) A birch-bark canoe.
 * 1) A birch-bark canoe.

Translations

 * Abkhaz: аҵааҵла
 * Ainu: タッニ
 * Albanian:, , mështekën
 * Arabic: بَتُولَا
 * Aragonese: abetullo
 * Armenian:
 * Aromanian: pilpet, misteacãn
 * Azerbaijani: tozağacı
 * Bashkir: ҡайын
 * Basque: urki
 * Bats: გალ
 * Belarusian: бяро́за
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chechen: дакх
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ; ;
 * Chukchi: выԓгиԓ
 * Cornish: besow, besowen
 * Corsican: biolu, violu
 * Crimean Tatar: aqqayın, акъкъайын
 * Czech:
 * Danish: birk
 * Daur: caalbaang
 * Dolgan: катыӈ
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian: ,
 * Even: ча̄лбан
 * Evenki: чалбан
 * Faroese: bjørk, birki
 * Finnish:, koivupuu
 * French:
 * Galician:, , , bedulo,
 * Georgian: არყი
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Greenlandic: orpik
 * Gwich'in: aat'oo
 * Hebrew: ,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic:, ,
 * Ingrian: koivu
 * Inupiaq: urgiiḷiq
 * Irish: beith
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 樺の木,
 * Kabardian:
 * Kalmyk: хусм
 * Kazakh: қайың
 * Ket: усь
 * Khakas: хазың
 * Khowar: بوُڑی
 * Korean: ,
 * Kumyk: макъар
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Lak: кӏялахӏи, мархъ
 * Latgalian: bārzs
 * Latin: betula
 * Latvian:
 * Laz: ხჩეჯა
 * Lithuanian:
 * Low German:
 * German Low German: Bark
 * Macedonian: бреза
 * Manchu: ᡧᠠᠵᡳᠯᠠᠨ
 * Manx: billey-beih
 * Mingrelian: ჭყერია, ბულიშ ცხიმური, გვალიში ბული
 * Mongghul: jariai xjuusi
 * Mongolian: хус ᠬᠤᠰᠤ, хус мод ᠬᠤᠰᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ
 * Nanai: пиагда̄н
 * Navajo: kʼishchííʼ, naʼazhǫǫsh
 * Nivkh: ӿивс
 * Northern Yukaghir: йааң
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: ,
 * Nynorsk:
 * Occitan:
 * Ojibwe: wiigwaas
 * Okanagan: qʷəqʷłín'
 * Old Church Slavonic:
 * Cyrillic: брѣза
 * Old Czech: břieza
 * Old East Slavic: береза, брѣза
 * Old English: bierċe
 * Oroqen: tʃa꞉lban, tʃa꞉lban
 * Ossetian: бӕрз
 * Ottoman Turkish: هوش, آق آغاج
 * Persian: ,
 * Plautdietsch: Boakj
 * Polabian: breză
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Romansch: badugn
 * Russian:
 * Sanskrit:
 * Scots: birk
 * Scottish Gaelic: beith
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: бреза
 * Roman:
 * Shor: қазың
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Slovincian: brzôza
 * Solon: qaalbang, saalbang
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: brjaza
 * Upper Sorbian: brěza
 * Southern Altai: кайыҥ
 * Spanish:
 * Squamish: qʷéłiʔn
 * Sudovian: berze
 * Svan: ჟა̈ჴუ̂რა
 * Swahili: mbetula
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: abedul
 * Taos: tų́łęną
 * Tatar:
 * Tibetan: སྟག་པ
 * Tofa: ӄадыӈ
 * Turkish:, huş ağacı
 * Tuvan: хадың
 * Ukrainian:
 * Uyghur: قېيىن
 * Uzbek:
 * Venetian: brèdoła
 * Vietnamese:
 * Võro: kõiv
 * Welsh:
 * Written Oirat: ᡍᡇᠰᡇᠨ, ᡍᡇᠰᡇᡏ
 * Yakut: хатыҥ
 * Yiddish: בערעזע, בעריאָזע

 * Azerbaijani: tozağacı
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: birk
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, koivupuu
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: ,
 * Nynorsk:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili: ubao wa mbetula
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: abedul
 * Turkish:

 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish:, koivuvitsa;
 * French:, ,
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: ,
 * Polish:
 * Russian: ,
 * Turkish: huş sopası, huş kırbacı
 * Ukrainian: рі́зка, ,

 * Finnish: tuohikanootti
 * Turkish: huş kayığı, huş kanosu

Verb

 * 1) To punish with a stick, bundle of twigs, or rod made of birch wood.
 * 2) To punish as though one were using a stick, bundle of twigs, or rod made of birch wood.

Translations

 * Esperanto: vergi
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Latvian: pērt,
 * Russian: сечь розгами
 * Ukrainian: шмага́ти, відшмага́ти, ви́шмагати, пошмага́ти, нашмага́ти

 * Esperanto: vergado
 * Finnish:
 * Latvian: pērt,

title: birch


text:
common noun

Noun

 * 1) A noun that denotes any member, or all members, of a class; an ordinary noun such as "dog" or "city". In contrast, a proper noun is a single named entity such as "Socrates".

Usage notes
In English, most common nouns can be preceded by an indefinite article, but there are exceptions (one does not normally say "there is a molybdenum on earth", for instance, instead saying "there is molybdenum on earth"). Many common nouns are also uncapitalized, but some are capitalized (e.g. Frenchman) and the distinction between capitalized vs uncapitalized nouns should not be confused with the distinction between proper and common nouns.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: umumi isim
 * Bashkir: уртаҡ исем
 * Belarusian: агу́льнае і́мя, і́мя агу́льнае, і́мя назо́ўнае, і́мя звыча́йнае
 * Bulgarian: нарица́телно и́ме, съществи́телно нарица́телно и́ме
 * Cebuano: pangsagaran
 * Central Dusun: boros ngaran koizaai
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: obecné jméno
 * Danish: ,
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: komuna substantivo
 * Faroese: felagsnavn
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: nom appellatif,
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: საზოგადო სახელი, საზოგადო არსებითი სახელი
 * German:, , ,
 * Greek: κοινό ουσιαστικό
 * Ancient Greek: προσηγορία
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Irish: ainmfhocal coitianta
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, 一般名詞
 * Kalmyk: шишлң нерн
 * Khmer: សាធារណនាម, នាមសាធារណ៍
 * Korean:
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: navdêrê giştî
 * Latvian:
 * Malay:
 * Malayalam:
 * Norwegian: appellativ,, samnamn
 * Occitan: nom comun
 * Old English: ġemǣnelīċ nama
 * Polish: rzeczownik pospolity,, , , nazwa pospolita
 * Portuguese: substantivo comum
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: ainmear gnàthach
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: pangngalang pambalana
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: зага́льна на́зва
 * Vietnamese: danh từ chung
 * Welsh: enw cyffredin

title: common noun


text:
მეგობარი

Etymology
From. See there for more.

Noun

 * 1) friend
 * 2) friend (an object or idea that can be used for good.)

Etymology
There are two theories of the origin of this word.

The first one suggests that it comes from word შეგუება (shegueba) which means "to adapt"/"to get along with"/"to get used to" ("გუებ" ("gueb") - მე-გუებ-არი (me-gueb-ari) - მეგობარი (megobari).

According to the second theory, it is thought to derive from, via the sense of 'one with whom a bowl (of food) is shared'.

Noun

 * 1) friend, relative, comrade

title: მეგობარი


text:
Talk:religion

Various (2004)
Would anybody agree with me that this definition is faulty based on the fact that traditional buddhist don't beleive in a supernatural? Theyapps 05:10, 1 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * I see your point, but isn't that the difference between religion, philosophy, and ethical systems? There are those who would argue that Buddhism is not a religion. RSvK 05:26, 1 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * It shouldn't be about people arguing over how the word SHOULD be used.  The FACT is that Buddhism is usually included among the world's major religions.  When someone is asked what religion they are and they respond "Buddhism" they are not typically met with the objection "but Buddhism isn't a real religion!"  Besides, there are non-supernatural versions of Judaism and even Christianity.  Look up Christian Atheism and the writings of Episcopal Bishop John Shelby Spong or look up Humanistic Judaism.  People use the term religion to refer to any collection of views and opinions about the meaning of life and related matters.

 * I thought Buddhists believe in reincarnation - surely that's supernatural.
 * Perhaps doctrine, ritual, or tradition should be mentioned. — Hippietrail 16:10, 1 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * In the simplest sense, supernatural means just what the words imply: above nature, above that which we are born with. That's the regular meaning in Roman Catholic theology, so I added that along with the etymology. Regards, RSvK 16:35, 1 Jun 2004 (UTC)

What's the Persian word doing here? Is there some connection with 'religion'? RSvK 03:44, 23 Aug 2004 (UTC)

ok, my definition here sucks -- it says nothing about what is the most common usage of the word.

i think it's important, tho, not to have a definition which implies that religion necessarily always must involve "one or more deities".

rsvk (first comment) -- i think you're right, in terms of most common usage

 * hmm... it just got changed back...
 * look, i think it's a bad idea to have wiktionary making such a statement about such a potentially important word. There's a real problem afoot of folks using the words "religious" and "secular" as if they were antonyms... i know we have to bend w/ common usage, but i think it's also necessary to at least portray a range of meaning.
 * In this case, a wrong (by being too limited) definition is far worse than none at all. If someone logs on and receives this current definition (the one w/ deities, implying there must be deities involved), they will likely come away less knowledgeable, rather than more knowledgeable, on the subject for having visited here.

Religion vs. Spirituality
(Sorry for breaking the conversation in to coherent chunks - I can't tell who said what in the section above, as the anonymous IP isn't signing entries.)

Religion is distinguished from Spirituality by adding a specific deity. Right? I think I prefer the clunkier definition that got reverted once or twice so far. (Now I sign/timestamp my entry using the following text: --~ which gets turned into this:) --Connel MacKenzie 05:23, 11 Jan 2005 (UTC)

would that it were so clear.... when people say they're "spiritual but not religious," some probably mean what you said, but i think more do believe in a god, but merely don't adhere rigidly to a particular dogma, or they don't belong to or believe in the teachings of a particular institution. ---isaac

 * Isaac, we could debate forever what some people *intend* to *think* they *believe*. I agree that most people can be led to believe there is some power that is "God."  The people that do not are defined as agnostic.  But what this article is about is the Wiktionary word religion.  It is (from a perspective of defining the word) distinguished from, say, spirituality by the practices pertaining to a specific deity.  Each religion has one or more.  Each practice of a particular dogma does not necessarily.  Each religious institution has one or more deity, or they simply are not a religion.

 * You said: In this case, a wrong (by being too limited) definition is far worse than none at all. If someone logs on and receives this current definition (the one w/ deities, implying there must be deities involved), they will likely come away less knowledgeable, rather than more knowledgeable, on the subject for having visited here.
 * I think that is the crux of what you wanted to argue, but for the simple dictionary definition of the word, you seem to be wrong.

 * This isn't an appropriate forum for discussing the finer distinctions of what people *should* believe, nor what you or I *think* they *should*.

 * Again, I'm not talking about what people do or do not believe. I'm talking about a very specific dictionary definition, that I think you are clouding and confusing with a particular agenda.  Personally, I tend to agree with your agenda, (I think) but in this context, I am VERY opposed to clouding and confusing a definition!  The article as it stands now has lost relevant meaning, because of your POV.  That alone is the reason you should probably change it back.

 * Perhaps the best, comprehensive noun definition so far was from 02:26, 23 Jul 2004:
 * #A system of attitudes, beliefs, and practices related to a god or the supernatural.
 * in that it even encompasses gray-area religions such as Buddhism.

 * Finally, a note about timestamps. Tildes following two hyphens have special meaning here.
 * -- becomes --Connel MacKenzie
 * --~ becomes --Connel MacKenzie 20:25, 11 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * -- becomes --20:25, 11 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * which you should be able to see the result of by using "Show preview."
 * --Connel MacKenzie 20:25, 11 Jan 2005 (UTC)

sorry about jumping in here untrained and kind of making a mess, and thanks for being patient w/ me. Perhaps someone who knows what they're doing (which may be me, later) could put multiple definitions in here.

certainly, the most common usage of the word tends to imply something involving the supernatural, but i still think it's misleading to have an entry which seems to say that the supernatural MUST be involved for something to be considered a religion. As a primary definition, fine, but...

--209.206.191.20 21:14, 11 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Issac,
 * Thank you for signing it wiki-style. No problem about jumping right in - that *is* how one learns wiki.  I was more fortunate than you, in that I have *very* patient encouragement.  (And that was only a couple weeks ago.)  Again, sorry if I slammed you on your first contribution.

 * I think if the definition of religion doesn't include a mention of a deity, it would not be distinguished from dogma or spirituality or whatever. What makes it a religion is the addition of a deity to the mix.  From there of course, one could go off on tangents such as organized religion or established religion and the connotations of those terms...  --Connel MacKenzie 21:53, 11 Jan 2005 (UTC)

confucism and taoism are commonly referred to as religions, w/o any supernaturalism, in such venues as dating services, textbooks, and letters to the editor. This usage seems common enough to perhaps deserve to fit into a first definition, or a second.

Some buddhists don't believe in reincarnation, and there are even a very small number of christians and jews who will insist that they're both religious and secular. I know it's not a common usage -- typically we speak of "secular jews" and "religious jews," meaning the two categories to be clearly distinct. But this usage wouldn't even make intelligible sense if applied to confucism -- no one would denote a confucist who had supernatural beliefs as a "religious confucist" unless they were using the word in what i think could be called a downright illiterate (as well as unintelligible) manner.

i do need to restrain myself from using this as a forum for pushing my ideas of what the word should mean. But the particular definition i replaced, then truncated, said that religions are followed "to please one or more deities." It's hard to imagine that many people capable of reading english could come here, receive that definition, and not go away either personally less informed, or more informed in terms of taking wiktionary w/ a large grain of salt.

--64.91.59.197 22:14, 11 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Perhaps I am inadvertently guilty of infusing my own POV. It looks like Jun-Dai has resolved the apparent ambiguity by listing the multiple meanings.  I like it.  If you have more to add to the main section, I guess now is a good time.  --Connel MacKenzie 23:04, 11 Jan 2005 (UTC)

hey, con -- thanks for the kind words. Nah, you didn't "slam me" too hard.

yeah, looks like things got improved a lot here --and i got to learn some things the lazy way, by watching.

i added a def., along w/ the following at first: "#: Usually this involves one or more sentient higher beings, capable of operating outside of the normal laws of nature, and responsible for the creation of all or most of worldly existence, especially living things. However, none of these elements is necessary to constitute a religion."

but i decided to quit while i was maybe ahead. for now.

muchos gracias to... "Jun Dai"? looks much better now.

--isaac

--03:59, 12 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Isaac, Yeah, Jun-Dai is pretty cool. And he is very smart!  Me being American, I don't think I even know someone who knows half as many languages as he does.  --Connel MacKenzie 04:18, 12 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Religion is not a system of belief itself, it is a system of habits and..uhm, practices. Habits that are practices. Those practices are focused on belief and/or spirituality. I think Connel is/was right about the idea that religion had to include deities. Buddhism has many practices etc and even though Buddhism was a reaction intending to eliminate all the deities from Hinduism, Buddhism mixed with pre-Buddhist practices. Most Buddhist practices come from the pre-Buddhist era (Tibetan and Zen Buddhism have deities). Meditating can be seen as religious, but is that strictly Buddhist?

Secularism has nothing to do with whether you are religious are not, only in what degree you are religious. Some say, I believe God is great and made us all equal therefore we need neutral judgement, some say no we only need God to judge us and through the church He will.

But that's not really important here, what is important is that religion is not belief itself, it is a system of practices. Practices intended to connect to or please a deity or anything other supernatural that has influence on human life (in this world or in the afterlife). I wish the definition changed to "religion is a system of practices which act according to belief in the existence of at least one of the following: a human soul or spirit, a deity or higher being, or self after the death of one’s body."

Mallerd 12:40, 3 December 2008 (UTC)

PS: do practices "act"? I do not know, but I hope you understand it and correct it Mallerd 12:43, 3 December 2008 (UTC)

Lack of Falsifiability
It was my understanding that the word "Religion" means a set of beliefs that rely on faith. In other words, it is not falsifiable. --Striderstrahan 12:22, 14 July 2006 (UTC)

Nonexistence
I've removed the words "or nonexistence" from the first definition: "A system of beliefs that involves the existence or nonexistence of at least one of: a human soul or spirit, a deity or higher being, or self after the death of one’s body." If "or nonexistence" is included, then it's literally saying that any system of beliefs that touches on these matters, even if it rejects all of them, is a religion, which is almost as "liberal" an interpretation as the second definition ("Any system of beliefs") and clearly not how most people use the word. - dcljr 12:50, 26 August 2006 (UTC) Or, in other words, to put it more bluntly: "Lack of religion is not a religion." - dcljr 12:56, 26 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Liberal or not, it's a pretty common use of the term to include atheism and even, to some extent science. Try googling on "atheism is a religion" or "science is a religion" (recognizing that this is only a fraction of the online usage of the term to include these two thing) and looking through the pages that come up.  There certainly might be a better way to phrase it, but not having a definition that can include atheism and science is to ignore a pretty common usage of the term.  Given that atheism rests principally on the non-existence of a deity, it would probably fit more into the first definition in the minds of the people that use it that way, since they are not necessarily trying to expand the term to include other systems of believe (e.g., logic, science).  Incidentally, based on this definition of religion, agnostics would still fall outside of it, since that's "lack of religion" in the truist sense: they make no claims about the existence or non-existence of god.  Jun-Dai 18:04, 26 August 2006 (UTC)

Merging definitions
I suggest that the following definitions should be merged to form one which I believe covers the same ground. Nos 1, 3, 4, 5, 7

New definition

 * Belief in the existence of the power of a superhuman and/or divine power(s) and/or the human soul or spirit; expression of this belief in behaviour; a system codifying the philosophy, ethics and rituals of such a belief.

Old definitions

 * 1. A system of beliefs, including belief in the existence of at least one of the following: a human soul or spirit, a deity or higher being, or self after the death of one’s body.
 * He couldn’t abide by any religion that didn’t allow for wrongdoers to be punished after death.
 * 3. (uncommon): A system of belief predicated on the existence of one or more deities.
 * It’s not really a religion if there’s no god to pray to.
 * 4. A way of living that corresponds to such beliefs.
 * You can practise any religion you want, so long as it doesn’t require you to violate the law.
 * 5. A number of customs and rituals associated with such beliefs.
 * When it comes to religion, she doesn’t believe, but she loves to attend the ceremonies.
 * 7. Any system or institution which one engages with in order to foster a sense of meaning or relevence in relation to something greater than oneself

—Saltmarsh 15:24, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

 * I agree strongly. I tried to check the translations of religion and found the current definitions very much overlapping. Actually I think it might be possible to cover the term "religion" with just two definitions - one referring to religion as a system of beliefs (yours is written from that point of view) and the other referring to religion as a personal experience. By browsing web dictionaries I found that many languages have separate words for these two aspects. Hekaheka 21:37, 27 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I can't see merging that much. In English, there are at least two other senses to be defined: (a) A system of practices or behaviors motivated by one's beliefs, and (b) A belief system arising from or dependent upon the existence of one or more deities.  Even within Christian scripture (a) is explicitly given as a definition contrasting with other usage (KJV - Book of James) and is a core idea in the history of the European religious wars of the 16th-18th centuries.  Definition (b) is also key for understanding why (for example) many people do not regard Confucianism as a religion, even though it is a belief system.  That gives a minimum of four definitions to be included.  Remember that just because other languages don't distinguish these senses doesn't mean that English doesn't. --EncycloPetey 18:57, 1 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes - but surely all those listed above (# 1,3,4,5,7) are covered by your (b), your (a) is covered by the current #2 (although 2 might need rewording a bit). #6 should stand (although I think that golf, fishing or football might be better examples). There is a new one missed to date: the life of a religious (monk or nun). —Saltmarsh 06:18, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
 * No, and that's my point. Not all religions accept the existence of a deity, such as Buddhism. Not all senses of religion pertain to supernatural forces or spirits either, though that is a charatceristic intended in one sense of the word.  It is legitimate to call "science" and "satanism" and "Buddhism" and "free-masonry" and "Star Trek" religions, but each is a religion in a totally different sense of that word.  That is, it's possible to use the word religion in English in such a way as to pertain to only one of those and exclude the others.  This indicates that there are different definitions in English. --EncycloPetey 19:21, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Ok, Encyclopetey, show us your cards! What is your definition of religion, or is there any? Hekaheka 23:43, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Given that we do not want/need hundreds of definitions - I was trying to word one which covered the lot. Perhaps I'll leave it to another. —Saltmarsh 06:54, 3 February 2007 (UTC)

The first defintion on 12:53, 3 December 2008 (UTC) also includedes higher being, which covers most of Petey's examples. Star Trek as religion is used figuratively to say that Star Trek is very important to a person. Besides, Buddhism does not intend to accept deities, but they (unawarely) do not act accordingly. Mallerd 12:53, 3 December 2008 (UTC)

"Usage notes"
I have engaged with the usage notes to avoid ambiguity and to add an extra factor, but I am unsure about the last sentence; it seems to be proscribing, rather than describing how the word "religion" is used. I was under the impression this goes against Wiktionary policy of descriptivism.—GrecoBomb (talk) 18:48, 17 May 2012 (UTC)
 * Yes, done. Mglovesfun (talk) 11:11, 9 August 2012 (UTC)

Not from Old French?
Our etymology is saying this was borrowed directly from Latin, not from the Old French. Is this correct? It is possible I suppose. Mglovesfun (talk) 11:09, 9 August 2012 (UTC)

RFV discussion: January–February 2018
Rfv-sense "A system of belief containing the concept that the person's existence continues after their death."

Can we find evidence for this that is distinct from "A particular system of faith and worship. " Kiwima (talk) 18:43, 11 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Would evidence be of the form "X isn't a (real) religion", where either X actually does not hold for life beyond the mortal coil or where the speaker says/believes that X does not? DCDuring (talk)
 * I suppose, although I was expecting more an example where "religion" was used to refer to a belief in life after death that did not include any concept of faith and worship. Kiwima (talk) 22:43, 11 January 2018 (UTC)
 * I am sceptical that such a sense is attested and also sceptical that usage such as the two of you describe would actually attest it as a distinct sense, as opposed to either suggesting that we should consider expanding the definition, or being already covered as belief in something supernatural. - -sche (discuss) 01:53, 16 January 2018 (UTC)

RFV-failed Kiwima (talk) 20:01, 13 February 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:religion


text:
bicameral

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Being or having a system with two, often unequal, chambers or compartments; of, signifying, relating to, or being the product of such a two-chambered system.
 * 2)  Of, having, or relating to two separate legislative chambers or houses.
 * 3)  Of a script or typeface: having two cases, upper case and lower case.
 * 4) * 2004, Parmenides, Peter Koch, et al., Carving the Elements: A Companion to the Fragments of Parmenides, page 91,
 * For more than a thousand years, classical Greek has been habitually written in a bicameral, polytonic alphabet (one with caps and lower case and a set of diacritics marking tone and aspiration).
 * 1) (mentality) Relating to the functions of the two cerebral hemispheres in the history of human beings ‘hearing’ the speech of gods or idols, according to Julian Jaynes's theory of the bicameral mind.
 * 2) * 1976, 1990, Julian Jaynes, The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston:
 * [The Linear B Tablets] were written directly in what I am calling the bicameral period. p.80;
 * …to have an idea of the nature and range of the bicameral voices heard in the early civilizations. p.88;
 * …how could [the brain] have been organized so that a bicameral mentality was possible? p.101;
 * Like the queen in a termite nest or a beehive, the idols of a bicameral world are the carefully tended centers of social control, with auditory hallucinations instead of pheromones. p.144;
 * …wherever and whenever civilization first began…there was a succession of kingdoms all with similar characteristics that, somewhat prematurely, I shall call bicameral. p.149;
 * Bicameral gods [of conquering civilizations] are jealous gods. p.156, footnote;
 * …I suggest that given man, language, and cities organized on a bicameral basis, there are only certain fixed patterns into which history can fit. p.159.
 * How can we know that…idols ‘spoke’ in the bicameral sense? p.174.
 * …how could [the brain] have been organized so that a bicameral mentality was possible? p.101;
 * Like the queen in a termite nest or a beehive, the idols of a bicameral world are the carefully tended centers of social control, with auditory hallucinations instead of pheromones. p.144;
 * …wherever and whenever civilization first began…there was a succession of kingdoms all with similar characteristics that, somewhat prematurely, I shall call bicameral. p.149;
 * Bicameral gods [of conquering civilizations] are jealous gods. p.156, footnote;
 * …I suggest that given man, language, and cities organized on a bicameral basis, there are only certain fixed patterns into which history can fit. p.159.
 * How can we know that…idols ‘spoke’ in the bicameral sense? p.174.

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, 有兩個議院的
 * Czech: dvoukomorový,
 * Dutch: bikameraal, tweekamerhig
 * Finnish: kaksikamarinen
 * French:
 * Georgian: ორპალატიანი
 * German: Zweikammer
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: tveggja deilda, með þvær þingdeildir
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Polish:, bikameralny
 * Portuguese:, bicamaral
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: bicameral
 * Ukrainian: двопала́тний

 * Finnish: bikameraalinen
 * French:
 * Russian: име́ющий ве́рхний и ни́жний реги́стры

Etymology
From ; cf. 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Etymology
From ; cf. 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1)   having two separate legislative chambers

Etymology
.

Etymology
From, or borrowed from.

title: bicameral


text:
Talk:substantive

Is definition 1 correct? "A noun used in place of a noun" is meaningless. RSvK 05:50, 1 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * Well that's one way to parse it. Another is [a noun] or [a pronoun used in place of a noun]. Feel free to make it less ambiguous though. — Hippietrail 15:56, 1 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * Oops, missed that parsing. Thanks!  I adjusted the definition. RSvK 16:05, 1 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Latin
Isn't substantive also an adverb, meaning substantively (refering to [noun] substantive), like there's activus (adj.) & active (adv.)? -IP, 18:08, 10 December 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:substantive


text:
Talk:ilk

This is very odd. Somebody took away ==Turkish== above the adjective and adverb meaning of ilk. Now it's not clear anymore what language this is in, which is even worse than the situation before the change was made. Polyglot 07:03, 1 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Etymology
The main page etymology is fabricated for want of any sound and reliable connections. There is another form YLCA, which seems older and is usually alternated between the "y" and "e" in Anglo-Saxon; that is why the further etymology, whilst very clever, is false! While I am aware of its most logical etymology, am not free to present it here yet, since it is likely to be controversial, particularly because I have found no truly acceptable gradations in cognate languages. It is extremely unlikely that such a lexeme as this was carried through conquests with less semantic changes than in any neighbouring languages, especially as derived from the same family. Apparently, it is not connected with 🇨🇬; although not as objectionable as that which I have not included. Andrew H. Gray 08:42, 30 August 2016 (UTC) Andrew (talk)

title: Talk:ilk


text:
alba

Etymology 1
First attested in 1821; borrowed from, ultimately from ; compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  A type of lyrical poetry, traditionally Provençal, about lovers who must part at dawn.

Translations

 * Finnish:
 * Polish:
 * Russian:

Etymology 2
First attested in 1848; borrowed from (the feminine form of ) in the now-disused species name of   (it is now considered a  and is accordingly called '  ').

Noun

 * 1) A white-flowered shrub rose of the hybrid.
 * 2) A flower of the hybrid.

Etymology 3
First attested in 1859; borrowed from, the nominative plural form of , whence the 🇨🇬.

Etymology 4
Borrowed from, from (as in , ), feminine of. .

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) dawn

Etymology 1
, from.

Noun

 * 1) dawn
 * 2)  the white tunic worn by priests

Noun

 * 1) a weed
 * 2) an uncultivated plant

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) An alb; a long white gown worn in various Christian ceremonies by the priest or the parishioners, especially in a confirmation by the people who are being confirmed

Etymology
From (13th century, ), from, the feminine of. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) dawn

Noun

 * 1) alb (priestly robe)

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) dawn

Etymology
From, from. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) dawn, daybreak, break of day
 * 2) sunrise
 * 1) sunrise
 * 1) sunrise

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) a white precious stone, the
 * 2)  dawn

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  alb

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  alb

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) alpine pasture
 * 2) alp

Etymology 1
..

Noun

 * 1)  alb

Etymology 2
..

Etymology 3
..

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) dawn, daybreak

Etymology
Definite form of, from , feminine of. For the sense of "dawn" or "sunrise", see, whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  dawn, daybreak, sunrise

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) dawn

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) face
 * 2) front
 * 3) living room

Usage notes

 * A traditional Sidamo house may combine the alba with a kitchen. The other room is called the.

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) dawn

Etymology
, from, from.

Noun

 * 1) daybreak; dawn
 * 2)  alb
 * 1)  alb

title: alba


text:
albatros

Etymology
Ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1) albatross

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) albatross

Etymology
From, probably from or , probably derived from ; or from , from , from , in reference to the pouch of a pelican. In either case, altered under the influence of the word.

Noun

 * 1) an albatross; any of various large seabirds of the family  ranging widely in the Southern Ocean and the North Pacific and having a hooked beak and long narrow wings

Etymology
which is probably from or, probably derived from ; or from , from , from , in reference to the pouch of a pelican. In either case, altered under the influence of.

Noun

 * 1) albatross

Noun

 * 1) albatross
 * 2)  an albatross or double eagle (a score of three strokes under par for a hole)

Etymology
Borrowed from, from or.

Noun

 * 1)  albatross, seabird of the family

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) albatross
 * 2)  albatross

Noun

 * 1) albatross

Etymology
, from, from or , from.

Noun

 * 1)  any of various large seabirds of the family  ranging widely in the Southern Ocean and the North Pacific and having a hooked beak and long narrow wings.
 * 2)  any of various African and Asian pierid butterflies of the genus Appias. Some species of this genus are also known as puffins.
 * 3) a lightweight, soft material with a napped and slightly creped surface
 * 1) a lightweight, soft material with a napped and slightly creped surface

Etymology
..

Noun

 * 1) albatross

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) albatross

Noun

 * 1) albatross

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) albatross

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) albatross (seabird)

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) albatross ( spp.)

title: albatros


text:
albo

Noun

 * 1)  An Albanian.

Noun

 * 1) blister

Etymology 1
(19th century ). .

Noun

 * 1) notice board, bulletin board
 * 2) honours/honors board
 * 3) roll or register, especially of an organization or profession
 * 4) volume or booklet of comic book stories

Etymology 2
From, possibly taken as a learned term (first attested 14th century ), from , from.

Adjective

 * 1)  white

Etymology 1
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to make white, whiten

Etymology 2
Inflected form of.

Masurian
.

Conjunction
conj

 * 1) or, either
 * 2) or, that is, i.e.
 * 3) or
 * 1) or
 * 1) or

Particle
particle

 * 1) as well
 * 2) ; whether, or
 * 1) ; whether, or

Etymology
..

Conjunction
conj

 * 1)  or, that is, i.e.
 * 2)  either, or
 * 3)  and, also
 * 4) because
 * 1)  either, or
 * 2)  and, also
 * 3) because
 * 1)  either, or
 * 2)  and, also
 * 3) because
 * 1)  either, or
 * 2)  and, also
 * 3) because
 * 1)  and, also
 * 2) because
 * 1)  and, also
 * 2) because
 * 1)  and, also
 * 2) because
 * 1)  and, also
 * 2) because
 * 1) because
 * 1) because
 * 1) because
 * 1) because
 * 1) because

Etymology 1
.

Conjunction
conj

 * 1) or

Etymology
.

Conjunction
conj

 * 1) or

Etymology
From, borrowed from. The latter was replaced in Spanish, and much of Romance besides, by. .

Adjective

 * 1)  white

title: albo


text:
albergo

Etymology
Borrowed from. .

Noun

 * 1) An Italian inn.

Etymology 1
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) hotel, inn

Etymology
Borrowed from or.

Noun

 * 1) hotel

Etymology 1
.

title: albergo


text:
Rhymes:English/aʊz

Pronunciation
-ouz, /-aʊz/, /-aUz/

One syllable

 * blouse
 * brows
 * browse
 * chows
 * cows
 * dowse
 * house (verb)
 * hows
 * louse (as in louse up)
 * meows
 * mouse (some verb senses)
 * nows
 * ploughs
 * plows
 * pows
 * prows
 * Prowse (surname)
 * rouse
 * scows
 * sows (noun)
 * vows
 * wows

Two syllables

 * allows
 * arouse
 * avows
 * carouse
 * deblouse
 * endows
 * espouse
 * rehouse
 * reploughs
 * unblouse

Three syllables

 * disallows
 * disavows
 * reallows

title: Rhymes:English/aʊz


text:
Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)nt

One syllable

 * burnt
 * earnt
 * learnt
 * turnt
 * weren't

Two syllables

 * relearnt
 * unburnt
 * unlearnt
 * unearnt

title: Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)nt


text:
Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)p

Pronunciation
-ûrp, /-ɜː(r)p/, /-3:(r)p/

Two syllables

 * usurp

title: Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)p


text:
Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)s

Pronunciation
,

title: Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)s


text:
nuevo

Etymology
From. .

Adjective

 * 1) New or novel, usually in reference to Latin American culture

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) new

Etymology
, from, from.

Adjective

 * 1) new
 * 2) brand new, all-new
 * 3) fresh

title: nuevo


text:
novus

Etymology
From, from. Cognates include 🇨🇬 (English ), Ancient Greek, 🇨🇬, and Sanskrit.

fails to become Latin due to specific conditions in the development of Latin, namely  being in the first syllable, whereas  became.

Adjective

 * 1) new, novel
 * 2) fresh, young
 * 3) recent
 * 4) unusual, strange, extraordinary
 * 1) fresh, young
 * 2) recent
 * 3) unusual, strange, extraordinary

Descendants

 * Balkan Romance:
 * Dalmatian:
 * Italo-Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * North Italian:
 * Gallo-Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * North Italian:
 * Gallo-Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * North Italian:
 * Gallo-Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * Gallo-Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * Gallo-Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * Gallo-Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * Gallo-Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:

title: novus


text:
emperador

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  ruler of an empire

Etymology
From. Documented since ca. 1280.

Noun

 * 1) emperor

Noun

 * 1) emperor

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) emperor

Etymology
From. Documented since 1107.

Noun

 * 1) emperor

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) emperor
 * 2) swordfish

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) emperor

title: emperador


text:
frustra

Etymology 1
Latinism, from.

Adverb

 * 1) in vain, uselessly

Etymology
Adverb from *frusterus, for *frudterus/ *fruditerus, from.

Adverb

 * 1) in deception, in error
 * 2) without effect, to no purpose, without cause, uselessly, in vain, for nothing

Etymology
, from.

Verb

 * 1) to frustrate

title: frustra


text:
liniger

Adjective

 * 1) wearing linen, clothed in linen.

title: liniger


text:
idoneus

Etymology
. Perhaps from an unattested *idō (“there”), from +  (compare ),, but  considers this improbable.

Adjective

 * 1) suitable, proper, fit, apt, convenient
 * 2) sufficient
 * 1) sufficient
 * 1) sufficient
 * 1) sufficient
 * 1) sufficient

title: idoneus


text:
tempestas

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) portion, point, or space of time; time, season, period
 * 2) (as time's physical qualities) weather (good or bad)
 * 3) (esp. bad weather) storm, tempest, gale
 * 4)  commotion, disturbance; calamity, misfortune
 * 1)  commotion, disturbance; calamity, misfortune
 * 1)  commotion, disturbance; calamity, misfortune

title: tempestas


text:
hiems

Etymology
From, from earlier *xiom- (to differentiate it from a later form *hiom- if the shift */x/ > */h/ in the Italic languages already happened during late Proto-Italic), from.

Cognate with 🇨🇬,, , 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬.

Pronunciation

 * Note the epenthesis of the homorganic stop [p] required to maintain the place of articulation of the stem-final /m/, as also in, etc.
 * Note the epenthesis of the homorganic stop [p] required to maintain the place of articulation of the stem-final /m/, as also in, etc.
 * Note the epenthesis of the homorganic stop [p] required to maintain the place of articulation of the stem-final /m/, as also in, etc.

Noun

 * 1) winter
 * 2) storm, stormy weather, tempest
 * 1) storm, stormy weather, tempest

title: hiems


text:
aestas

Etymology
From, with the suffix -tāt-s restored via analogy. The root is from, and has cognates in 🇨🇬, perhaps , Ancient Greek ), Old English . The noun suffix is from Proto-Indo-European.

De Vaan criticizes a prevalent simple etymology from *h₂e-h₂idʰ-teh₂t-s (with an i-reduplicated root) as unfounded, also observing -dʰt- becomes -ss- in Latin rather than -st-, preferring instead *h₂eydʰ-teh₂ts > Proto-Italic *aissāt-s, which then had the suffix -t- consonant restored.

Noun

 * 1) summer

Descendants

 * Dalmatian:
 * Italo-Romance:
 * North Italian:
 * Gallo-Romance:
 * Occitano-Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Gallo-Romance:
 * Occitano-Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Gallo-Romance:
 * Occitano-Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Occitano-Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Insular Romance:

title: aestas


text:
bizarro

Etymology
Variant of, equivalent to ; see that entry for more information. In the sense of “logical inverse”, derived via the comic book character, an inverted version of Superman from a planet where “good” means “bad” and so on.

Adjective

 * 1)  Being the opposite or logical inverse of a familiar person, place, or situation.
 * 2)  Pertaining to bizarro fiction.
 * 1)  Being the opposite or logical inverse of a familiar person, place, or situation.
 * 2)  Pertaining to bizarro fiction.
 * 1)  Pertaining to bizarro fiction.
 * 1)  Pertaining to bizarro fiction.
 * 1)  Pertaining to bizarro fiction.
 * 1)  Pertaining to bizarro fiction.
 * 1)  Pertaining to bizarro fiction.

Noun

 * 1) weirdo, misfit
 * 2)  Bizarro fiction.
 * 1)  Bizarro fiction.
 * 1)  Bizarro fiction.
 * 1)  Bizarro fiction.
 * 1)  Bizarro fiction.

Etymology
Either from, or.

Adjective

 * 1) bizarre, strange, odd
 * 2) exotic

Etymology 1
Presumably from the same source as, which may be , from , or from , further etymology unknown. See 🇨🇬 for more.

Adjective

 * 1) dashing, brave, spirited, gallant
 * 2) generous, magnanimous, noble
 * 3) * January 3rd, 1832, Necrologia Gaceta de Madrid, Imprenta Real, page 98:
 * "es"
 * "es"

- [...]; y conociendo su posición se fortaleció con los auxilios de la religión, ostentando hasta en su último aliento la resignación de un buen cristiano, y espirando como el hombre de bien, y con la serenidad de un bizarro militar.

Etymology 2
or cognates in other languages.

Adjective

 * 1)  bizarre, strange, weird

title: bizarro