text:
gemstone

Etymology
From, alteration (due to Middle English ) of earlier , , from , equivalent to. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) A gem, usually made of minerals.

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:gemstone

Derived terms

 * gemstone tree
 * plasma gemstone

Translations

 * Afrikaans:
 * Arabic:, جَوْهَرَة
 * Bashkir: аҫыл таш
 * Belarusian: кашто́ўны ка́мень, самацве́т
 * Bulgarian: скъпоце́нен ка́мък
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan: pedra preciosa,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: klenot,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Emilian:
 * Esperanto: gemo
 * Estonian: kalliskivi
 * Finnish:
 * French:, ,
 * Galician:, ,
 * Georgian: დაუმუშავებელი ძვირფასი ქვა, დაუმუშავებელი პატიოსანი თვალი
 * German:, ,
 * Hebrew: אֶבֶן יְקָרָה
 * Hindi:, ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian: pietra preziosa,
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: асыл тас
 * Khmer: ,
 * Korean:
 * Kyrgyz: асыл таш
 * Lao: ພອຽ, ມະນີ, ຣະຕະນະ
 * Latin: gemma
 * Latvian: dārgakmens
 * Ligurian: prîa preçiôza, gémma
 * Lithuanian: brangakmenis
 * Lombard: preziósa, gema
 * Macedonian: ска́поцен ка́мен
 * Malay:
 * Malayalam:, രത്നക്കല്ല്
 * Maori: pōhatu māpuna
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:, , smykkestein, smykkesten
 * Nynorsk: edelstein, smykkestein
 * Old English: ġimstān, ġymstān
 * Old Norse: gimsteinn
 * Ottoman Turkish: جوهر
 * Pali: මණි
 * Pashto:
 * Persian:, ,
 * Piedmontese:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romagnol:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Sanskrit: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: драгуљ
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: klenot, drahokam
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:, , ,
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: hiyas
 * Tajik: чавхар, гавҳар
 * Thai:, จินดา,
 * Tocharian B: wamer, naumiye, prāp
 * Ugaritic: 𐎑𐎅𐎗
 * Ukrainian: дорогоці́нний ка́мінь, кошто́вний ка́мінь, самоцві́т
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese: đá quý
 * Welsh: tlysfaen, tlysfeini

title: gemstone


text:
kin

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from , from , from.

Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and through Indo-European, with Latin , Ancient Greek , Sanskrit , Albanian.

Noun

 * 1) Race; family; breed; kind.
 * 2)  Persons of the same race or family; kindred.
 * 3) * c. 1620,, letter of advice to Sir
 * You are of kin, and so must be a friend to their persons.
 * 1) One or more relatives, such as siblings or cousins, taken collectively.
 * 2) Relationship; same-bloodedness or affinity; near connection or alliance, as of those having common descent.
 * 1) Relationship; same-bloodedness or affinity; near connection or alliance, as of those having common descent.
 * 1) Relationship; same-bloodedness or affinity; near connection or alliance, as of those having common descent.

Translations

 * Arabic: أَهْل, أَقَارِب
 * Gulf Arabic: اهل
 * Armenian:, ,
 * Old Armenian: ցեղ, տոհմ, զարմ
 * Belarusian: радня́
 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Dutch:
 * Faroese: ættarfólk
 * Finnish:
 * French: proches,
 * Georgian: ნათესაობა, მოდგმა, ჩამომავლობა
 * German: ,
 * Gothic: 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌹
 * Greek: συγγενείς,
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: ættmenni, skyldmenni
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Maori: ngare, huānga
 * Middle English: kynrede, kyn
 * Portuguese:, parentagem
 * Russian:, ро́дственники, ро́дичи, соро́дичи
 * Scottish Gaelic: càirdeas
 * Slovene: sorodstvo
 * Spanish: parentaje
 * Tagalog: hinlog
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: рідня́, ро́дичі
 * ǃXóõ: tâa, ǃkxʻái

Adjective

 * 1) Related by blood or marriage, akin. Generally used in "kin to".
 * It turns out my back-fence neighbor is kin to one of my co-workers.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: sukua oleva
 * French:
 * Icelandic: skyldur
 * Portuguese:
 * Scottish Gaelic: càirdeach
 * Tagalog: karugo, kadugo
 * Tamil:
 * Turkish:

Etymology 2
, from a non-palatal dialect akin to Peking; or less likely, from.

Etymology 3
.

Verb

 * 1)  To identify with; as in spiritually connect to a fictional or non-fictional being.

Noun

 * 1)  A fictional or non-fictional being whom one spiritually connects to.
 * 2)  Someone who identifies with a certain fictional character.

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) hidden anger, spite, malice, grudge

Verb

 * 1) to eat

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  chin

Pronoun

 * 1) who

Etymology
From, , , ultimately from.

Numeral

 * 1) five (5)

Etymology
Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) market, store
 * 2) house, cabin, building
 * 3) town
 * 1) town

Synonyms

 * (town):, ,

Pronoun

 * 1) him

Adjective

 * 1) short

Verb

 * 1) to eat

Etymology
,. from  or

Noun

 * 1) grudge, desire to take revenge

Etymology
Borrowed from, , from. The inherited Old Frisian form was.

Noun

 * 1) chin

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: kin


text:
kith

Etymology
From, from , , from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬. More at,.

Noun

 * 1)  Friends and acquaintances.
 * 2)  An acquaintance or a friend.
 * 1)  An acquaintance or a friend.
 * 1)  An acquaintance or a friend.

Translations

 * Catalan:, i parentela
 * Czech:
 * Finnish: ystävät ja tuttavat
 * Georgian: ნაცნობები და ნათესავები
 * Russian: друзья́ и знако́мые
 * Serbo-Croatian: znanci,
 * Swedish: ,

Etymology
Variant of.

Noun

 * 1) veil of mystery
 * 2) fog covering the tops of mountains

Etymology
From, , from.

Noun

 * 1) One's motherland or birthplace; the region or territory where one belongs
 * 2) One's kin, ethnicity, or lineage; the people one belongs to.
 * 3) One's descendant; a person from one's line.
 * 4) Relation; connection by blood, heritage.
 * 5)  learning, facts
 * 6)  tradition, good manners.
 * 7)  The state of knowing someone.

title: kith


text:
yon

Etymology 1
From, from , from.

Determiner

 * 1)  distant, but within sight; (that thing) just over there.

Translations

 * Czech: tamten,
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * German:, , ,
 * Gothic: 𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃
 * Greek:
 * Italian:, , ,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Korean:
 * Latin:, illa, illud
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Russian: вон тот

Adverb

 * 1)  yonder.

Derived terms

 * hither and yon

Pronoun

 * 1)  That one or those over there.

Etymology
..

Numeral

 * 1) one

Etymology
Maybe a contraction of.

Article

 * 1) a, an; the indefinite article

Usage notes
Yon always precedes the noun it modifies, unlike most adjectives.

Pronoun

 * 1) you;

Etymology
, from, from.

Determiner

 * 1)  that over there,

Adverb

 * 1)  that over there, yonder
 * 2)  afterwards, next chronologically

Pronoun

 * 1)  that one; that person

Etymology
From, from , from. Compare 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) that, those, yonder

Pronoun

 * 1) that one person or thing, etc.
 * 2) those

Adverb

 * 1) yonder, over there, further away
 * 2) thither, to that place

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) feather

title: yon


text:
yonder

Etymology
From, , , , from , equivalent to (from , from ) + , as in ,. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1)  At or in a distant but indicated place.
 * : to a distant but indicated place.
 * 1) * 1535, (Coverdale), Genesis, 22:
 * As for me and the childe, we wyl go yonder.
 * : to a distant but indicated place.
 * 1) * 1535, (Coverdale), Genesis, 22:
 * As for me and the childe, we wyl go yonder.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: هُنَاك, هُنَالِك
 * Bengali:, হোথা
 * Breton: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Cornish: hons, enos, en-hons
 * Czech: ,
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: იქით
 * German: dort drüben, ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient Greek: ἐκεῖ
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Irish: ansiúd
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Korean:
 * Macedonian: о́нде, о́ндека
 * Malay:, di sana
 * Maori: korā
 * Mongolian: энэ хавьд
 * Ojibwe: iwidi
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian: вон та́м,
 * Scottish Gaelic: an siud
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: о́нде
 * Roman:
 * Sicilian: ddassutta, ddocu sutta
 * Spanish: de allá,
 * Tagalog: doon
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:, , отам, онде; тамо, оно
 * Welsh: acw, draw
 * West Frisian: jinder

Adjective

 * 1)  The farther, the more distant of two choices.

Synonyms

 * see

Determiner

 * 1)  Who or which is over yonder, usually distant but within sight.
 * 2)  One who or which is over yonder, usually distant but within sight.
 * 1)  One who or which is over yonder, usually distant but within sight.
 * 1)  One who or which is over yonder, usually distant but within sight.
 * 1)  One who or which is over yonder, usually distant but within sight.
 * 1)  One who or which is over yonder, usually distant but within sight.
 * 1)  One who or which is over yonder, usually distant but within sight.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Breton:
 * Catalan: ,
 * Cornish: enos
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Gothic: 𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃
 * Greek:
 * Ancient Greek: ἐκεῖνος, κεῖνος
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: ,
 * Macedonian: о́нде, о́ндека, оној
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Russian: вон то́т, вон та́, вон то́, вон те́
 * Spanish: ,
 * Turkish: oradaki
 * Welsh: acw

Noun

 * 1)  The vast distance, particularly the sky or trackless forest.

Translations

 * Finnish:
 * German: dort drüben
 * Japanese:
 * Russian:

title: yonder


text:
hydrogen

Etymology
From, coined by , from +. Corresponding to.

Noun

 * 1) The lightest chemical element (symbol H), with an atomic number of 1 and atomic weight of 1.00794.
 * 2) An atom of the element.
 * 3) Molecular hydrogen (H$2$), a colourless, odourless and flammable gas at room temperature.
 * 4) A molecule of this molecular species
 * 5) The isotope hydrogen-1 (also symbol H), contrasting with deuterium and tritium
 * 6) * Hydrogen is generally considered to be electronically the same as deuterium. In both PdHx and PdDx  a resistivity maximum is found near 50 K.
 * 7) A sample of the element/molecule.
 * 1) * Hydrogen is generally considered to be electronically the same as deuterium. In both PdHx and PdDx  a resistivity maximum is found near 50 K.
 * 2) A sample of the element/molecule.

Translations

 * Abkhaz: аӡри
 * Afrikaans:
 * Albanian:
 * Amharic: ሃይድሮጅን
 * Arabic: ,
 * Aragonese: hidrochén
 * Armenian:
 * Asturian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Abjad: مولدالماء
 * Roman:, müvəllidülma
 * Basque:
 * Bavarian: Wassastoff
 * Belarusian:
 * Bengali: ,
 * Bhojpuri: उदजन
 * Breton: hidrogen
 * Bulgarian: водоро́д
 * Burmese:
 * Buryat: уһантүрэгшэ
 * Carpathian Rusyn: гідроґе́н, во́день
 * Catalan:
 * Cebuano: idroheno, hidroheno
 * Cherokee: ᏭᏓᏌᎧᎯᏴ ᎤᏃᎴ
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese:
 * Eastern Min: 氫
 * Hakka: 氫
 * Hokkien:, 氫
 * Mandarin:
 * Wu: 氫
 * Chuvash: водород
 * Cornish: hidrojen
 * Corsican: idrogenu
 * Czech:
 * Danish: ,
 * Dogri: उदजन
 * Dutch:
 * Dutch Low Saxon: waeterstof
 * Erzya: ведь чачтый
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian:
 * Farefare: ko'om-walʋm
 * Faroese: vetni, loftevni, vatnevni, brint, hydrogen
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Friulian: idrogjen
 * Galician:
 * Garhwali: उदजन
 * Georgian: წყალბადი
 * German:, Hydrogen,
 * Central Franconian: Wasserstoff
 * Rhine Franconian: Wassaschdoff
 * Greek:
 * Greenlandic: brinti
 * Guaraní: tatavevýi
 * Gujarati: ઉદજન
 * Haitian Creole: idwojèn
 * Hawaiian: haikokene
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: उदजन,
 * Hungarian:, köneny, gyulany
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Ingrian: vodoroda
 * Interlingua: hydrogeno
 * Inuktitut: ᐳᓪᓚᕐᓂᐅᕿᓐᓂᖅᐹᖅ
 * Irish:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Javanese: hidrogen
 * Jumli: उदजन
 * Kachchi: ઉદજન
 * Kalmyk: үстөр
 * Kannada:
 * Kashubian: wòdzyk
 * Kazakh: сутегі, сутек
 * Khmer: អ៊ីដ្រូសែន
 * Komi-Permyak: ваувтыр
 * Komi-Zyrian: вачужысь
 * Korean:
 * Kumaoni: उदजन
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Lao: ອິດໂລເຊນ, ອິດໂຣເຊນ
 * Latgalian: iudineklis
 * Latin:
 * Latvian:
 * Limburgish: waterstof
 * Lingala: idrojɛ́ní
 * Lithuanian:
 * Lombard: idrògen
 * Low German:
 * German Low German: Waterstoff, Woterstoff
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Macedonian: водород
 * Malay:, zat air
 * Malayalam: ജലവായു,
 * Maltese:
 * Manx: hiddragien
 * Maori:
 * Marathi: उदजन
 * Mingrelian: წყარბადიშ
 * Moksha: ведьшачфты
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Mongolian: ᠤᠰᠤᠲᠥᠷᠥᠭᠴᠢ
 * Nahuatl: āyōcoxqui
 * Navajo: háájiʼjin
 * Nepali:
 * North Frisian: wååderstuf
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:, vanntoff, vass-stoff, vasstoff
 * Nynorsk:, vass-stoff, vasstoff, brenne
 * Occitan:
 * Odia: ଉଦ୍ଜାନ
 * Ossetian: донгуыр
 * Ottoman Turkish: مولدالما
 * Papiamentu: hidrogeno
 * Pashto: هايډروجن
 * Persian:
 * Pitcairn-Norfolk: hiidrojen
 * Polish:
 * Pontic Greek: υδρογόνον
 * Portuguese:
 * Brazilian:
 * European:
 * Punjabi: ਉਦਜਨ
 * Quechua: yakuchaq, idruhinu
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Samogitian: ondėnilis
 * Sanskrit: उदजन
 * Santali: ᱦᱟᱭᱰᱨᱚᱡᱮᱱ
 * Saterland Frisian: Woaterstof
 * Scottish Gaelic: haidreagain
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: водоник, во̀дӣк
 * Roman: ,
 * Sicilian:
 * Sindhi: उदजन
 * Sinhalese:
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: wóźik
 * Upper Sorbian: wodźik
 * Sotho: sehlolametsi
 * Spanish:
 * Sranan Tongo: watraskotriki
 * Sundanese: hidrogén
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog:
 * Tajik:, ҳидроген
 * Tamil:, ஹைட்ரஜன்
 * Telugu: ఉదజని,
 * Thai:
 * Tibetan: ཡང་རླུང lit. 'light air'
 * Tongan: ʻeavai
 * Turkish: ,
 * Turkmen: wodorod
 * Ukrainian:
 * Urdu: ہائیڈروجن
 * Uyghur: ھىدروگېن
 * Uzbek:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Veps: vezinik
 * Vietnamese:, , , , ,
 * Volapük:
 * Võro: vesinik
 * Walloon:
 * Welsh:, ulai
 * West Flemish: woaterstof
 * West Frisian: wetterstof
 * Xhosa: umngxengamoya
 * Yiddish: הידראָגען, וואַסערשטאָף

 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 氫氣
 * Hakka: 氫氣
 * Hokkien: 氫氣
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hindi: उदजन
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Latin:

 * Afrikaans: waterstof-atoom
 * Finnish: vetyatomi
 * German:
 * Korean: 수소원자(水素原子)
 * Portuguese:
 * Brazilian:
 * European:

Noun

 * 1)  (chemical element, symbol H)

Noun

 * 1)  (chemical element, symbol H)

Etymology
Borrowed from, from , from +.

Noun

 * 1) hydrogen

title: hydrogen


text:
one hundred

Etymology
.

Numeral

 * 1)  The number 100.

title: one hundred


text:
one thousand

Interjection

 * One one thousand, two one thousand, three one thousand, ...
 * One one thousand, two one thousand, three one thousand, ...

Numeral

 * 1)  The number 1000.

title: one thousand


text:
henry

Etymology 1
Named after the American scientist Joseph Henry.

Noun

 * 1) In the International System of Units, the derived unit of electrical inductance; the inductance induced in a circuit by a rate of change of current of one ampere per second and a resulting electromotive force of one volt. Symbol: H

Translations

 * Catalan: henry
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: 헨리
 * Malay: henry
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: henry
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Tagalog: henri
 * Thai: เฮนรี
 * Turkish: henri

Etymology 2
Rhyming slang, from Henry the Third

Noun

 * 1)  A turd.

Etymology 3
From Henry the Eighth.

Noun

 * 1)  A quantity of marijuana weighing one-eighth of an ounce.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) henry unit of inductance

Noun

 * 1)  SI unit for electrical inductance

Noun

 * 1)  SI unit for electrical inductance

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  unit of inductance

title: henry


text:
tenno

Etymology
, from with the original sense of “heavenly sovereign”.

Noun

 * 1) The emperor of Japan as head of state and the head of the Japanese imperial family.

Etymology
, from with the original sense of “heavenly sovereign”.

Noun

 * 1) the emperor of Japan
 * 1) the emperor of Japan

title: tenno


text:
hanja

Etymology
Borrowed from, from.

Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. .

Noun

 * 1) The Han character script used to write Korean, particularly in classical literature.
 * 2) Any individual Han character as used in the Korean language.

Translations

 * Finnish: hanja
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Korean:
 * Romanian: hanja
 * Russian: ханча́
 * Turkish: hanca, hanja

title: hanja


text:
hanzi

Etymology
Borrowed from, from +. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬. .

Noun

 * 1)  Hanzi; Chinese character.

Etymology
From ; compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) goose

title: hanzi


text:
Governator

Etymology
. In his acting career, Schwarzenegger played a "Terminator" robot in the Terminator film series.

title: Governator


text:
Talk:Governator

Arnold Schwarzenegger is really a candidate for the elections in California (late this year o next year) ! I think that this word would probably exist as neologism. The article is not completly nonsense. See Arnold Schwarzenegger-- youssef 20:53 Aug 10, 2003 (UTC)

 * I know he is a candidate, but I had never heard the word before and the definition did not sound very serious. Sorry if I took it out in error134.58.253.130 05:47 Aug 11, 2003 (UTC)

 * But does this pass the Criteria for inclusion? Japman 14:54 Aug 11, 2003 (UTC)

Governator
Is the nickname of a person. Should no way get its own entry here, info to be moved to a comment in Arnold Schwarzenegger. Dubya might also be RFDed. --Keene 10:44, 29 May 2007 (UTC)

 * Over half a million google hits, a word that many people will encounter and may have a question about. Keep. —Stephen 16:18, 29 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes, keep. Definition needs wikilinking to -pedia. SemperBlotto 16:23, 29 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Keep. It is the nickname of a very famous person.--Dmol 08:35, 31 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Keep as it is a slang reference to the title "Govenor of California" and/or California politics (and the stupidity therein) in general, moreso than a reference to the individual or his movie acting role. Move to WT:RFC and rewrite.  --Connel MacKenzie 20:16, 31 May 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Governator


text:
User:Colipon

I'm usually on Wikipedia. w:User:Colipon

If I'm here, I will probably contribute to Chinese-language related entries.

Please leave your messages at w:User Talk:Colipon.

title: User:Colipon


text:
User:Nanshu

I no longer contribute Wiktionary. I think the collabolative work of compiling a dictionary is nice, but unlike encyclopedias, the current Wiki format is not suitable for dictionaries. I think such stylized text should be represented in XML or other machine-readable formats.

I seldom check Wiktionary. If you have something to say, please visit.

title: User:Nanshu


text:
Manchu

Etymology
Borrowed from, probably from.

Noun

 * 1) A person belonging to or descended from the indigenous people of Manchuria.
 * 2)  A person belonging to the Qing Dynasty (Manchu Dynasty) of China.

Translations

 * Armenian: մանջուր, մանջուրացի
 * Buryat: манжа, манжа хүн
 * Catalan: manxú
 * Chagatai: مانجو
 * Chinese:
 * Literary Chinese: 滿洲
 * Mandarin: 滿族人; ; ; 滿洲人
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: manĉuro
 * Finnish:
 * French:, ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese: 満州人
 * Kazakh: манжұр, манжур
 * Khmer: ម៉ាន់ជូ
 * Korean:
 * Macedonian: Манџурец, Манџурка
 * Manchu: ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ, ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ
 * Mongolian:
 * Classical Mongolian: ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ, ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ
 * Cyrillic:, манж хүн
 * Modern Mongolian: ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ, ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ
 * Navajo: Manchoo dineʼé
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Southern Altai: манјы, манјы кижи
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog: Mantsu
 * Tibetan: མན་ཇུ་མི, མཉྫུའི་མི
 * Tuvan: манчы, манчы кижи
 * Uyghur: مانجۇ
 * Xibe:

Proper noun

 * 1) The indigenous language of the Manchu people, spoken in Manchuria.
 * 2)  The Qing Dynasty (Manchu Dynasty).

Translations

 * Abkhaz: Аманчжур бызшәа
 * Afrikaans: Mantsjoe
 * Arabic: لغة المانشو
 * Egyptian Arabic: لغه مانشو
 * Armenian:
 * Asturian: Idioma manchú
 * Azerbaijani: Mancur dili
 * Basque: Mantxuera
 * Belarusian: Маньчжурская мова
 * Breton: Manchoueg
 * Bulgarian: Манджурски език
 * Catalan: Manxú
 * Chagatai: مانجو
 * Chinese:
 * Literary Chinese: 滿洲語, 清語
 * Mandarin:
 * Corsican:
 * Czech: Mandžuština
 * Daur: манж хэль
 * Dutch:, Mantsjoerijs
 * Esperanto: Manĉura lingvo
 * Estonian: Mandžu keel
 * Fiji Hindi: Manchu bhasa
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Gagauz: Mançu dili
 * Galician: Lingua manchú
 * Georgian: მანჩუ ენა
 * Greek: Γλώσσα Μαντσού
 * Hausa: Yaren Manchu
 * Hebrew: מנצ׳ורית
 * Hindi: मांचु भाषा
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian: Bahasa Manchu
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Kazakh: манжұр тілі
 * Komi-Zyrian: Маньчжур кыв
 * Korean:
 * Kyrgyz: Манжур тили
 * Latin: Lingua Mandshurica
 * Latvian: Mandžūru valoda
 * Lithuanian: Mandžiūrų kalba
 * Macedonian: манџурски
 * Malay: Bahasa Mancu
 * Manchu: ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ
 * Mongolian: ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ, манж хэл
 * North Frisian: Mandschuurisk spriak
 * Norwegian: Mandsjuisk
 * Nynorsk: Mandsju
 * Occitan: Manchó
 * Orok: Манӡу кэсэни
 * Oroqen: mantɕʊ urkul, mantɕi urkul
 * Persian: زبان_منچو
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Punjabi: ਮਾਂਚੂ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Scots: Manchu leid
 * Serbo-Croatian: Манџурски језик
 * Silesian: Mandżurskŏ gŏdka
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: Mandžuska rěc
 * Spanish:, Idioma manchú
 * Swahili: Kimanchu
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: Mantsu
 * Tajik: Забони манчжу
 * Tatar: Маньчжур теле
 * Thai: ภาษาแมนจู
 * Tibetan: མཉཛུའི་སྐད
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: Mançjur dili
 * Ukrainian: Маньчжурська мова
 * Ulch: Мандю xэсэни
 * Urdu: مانچو_زبان
 * Uyghur: مانجۇ تىلى, مانجۇچە
 * Uzbek: Manjur tili
 * Vietnamese: Tiếng Mãn
 * Western Panjabi: مانچو_بولی
 * Xibe: ᠮᠠᠨᡪᡠ ᡤᡞᠰᡠᠨ
 * Zazaki:
 * Zhuang: Manj

Adjective

 * 1) Manchurian, referring to the Manchu(rian) people.
 * 2) Manchurian, referring to the Manchu language.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Catalan: manxú
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 滿人的, 滿洲的, 滿族的
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:, manciuriano
 * Korean: 만주인의
 * Macedonian: манџурски
 * Manchu: ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡳ, ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡳ
 * Mongolian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, manchuriano
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: Mantsu
 * Tibetan: མན་ཇུ
 * Uyghur:

 * Armenian:
 * Catalan: manxú
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 滿語的
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Korean: 만주어의
 * Macedonian: манџурски
 * Manchu: ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ
 * Mongolian: манж хэлний
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, manchuriano
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tibetan:
 * Uyghur:

title: Manchu


text:
pronunciació

Noun

 * 1) pronunciation

title: pronunciació


text:
Talk:encyclopaedia

Is there somebody else who knows Danish? Is it really true that an encyclopedia is called a leksikon?Polyglot 05:20 Aug 11, 2003 (UTC)

I wouldn't be surprised. There is an English word lexicon.

 * Looks like it. See Leksikon, Encyklopædi.  —Muke Tever 21:04, 12 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * That would be a reasonable translation, yes.__Gamren (talk) 11:26, 8 November 2015 (UTC)

Latin
(honestly I'm not even sure whom to ping), I'm always a bit uncomfortable with New Latin and vowel length, since it seems so hard to verify. What do you think, should it be encyclopaedīa? —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 20:37, 19 February 2018 (UTC)
 * My thought would be no; for example, acedia is from ἀκηδίᾱ, and Lydia is from Λῡδῐ́ᾱ, but neither the i nor the a are long in these cases. This would not sound like very natural Latin at all to me.  Isomorphyc (talk) 21:06, 19 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Right, but those have a short iota in Greek, while ἐγκυκλοπαιδεία has a long iota (spelled ει). I don't know for sure, but I suspect this is, in fact, encyclopaedīa. —Mahāgaja (formerly Angr) · talk 21:13, 19 February 2018 (UTC)
 * You are correct; I wrongly ignored the epsilon and would concede in this case. Isomorphyc (talk) 21:20, 19 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Can you think of any other words of this form? I can't off the top of my head. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 21:43, 19 February 2018 (UTC)
 * FWIW, Gaffiot and L&S give / (from ). --Per utramque cavernam (talk) 21:54, 19 February 2018 (UTC)
 * I didn't know that was its own word! Thank you. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 21:56, 19 February 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:encyclopaedia


text:
eloquence

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) The quality of artistry and persuasiveness in speech or writing.
 * 2)  An eloquent utterance.
 * 1)  An eloquent utterance.
 * 1)  An eloquent utterance.
 * 1)  An eloquent utterance.

Translations

 * Arabic: بَلَاغَة, فَصَاحَة
 * Belarusian: красамо́ўства
 * Bulgarian:, красноречи́вост
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech: výmluvnost,
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: elokventeco
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:, , , , ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Ancient: καλλιρρημοσύνη
 * Hindi: वाक्‌चातुर्य, वाक्‌पटुता,, फ़साहत, बलाग़त, ,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Latin: fācundia, ēloquium
 * Macedonian: речитост, красноречивост
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: veltalenhet, språkferdighet
 * Old Norse: málsnild, málsnilld
 * Persian: ,
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: рѐчито̄ст, рјѐчито̄ст, краснорѐчиво̄ст, краснорјѐчиво̄ст
 * Roman: rèčitōst,, krasnorèčivōst,
 * Slovak: výrečnosť
 * Slovene: zgovornost
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili: usemaji
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tajik: балоғат, фасоҳат
 * Turkish:, konuşma sanatı
 * Ukrainian: красномо́вство, красномо́вність

Noun

 * 1)  quality of being eloquent

title: eloquence


text:
thermometer

Etymology

 * equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) An apparatus used to measure temperature.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: termometer
 * Albanian: termometr
 * Arabic: تِرْمُومِتْر, ,
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: i̇stilikölçən, termometr
 * Basque:
 * Belarusian: тэрмо́метр, тэрмо́мэтар, гра́дуснік
 * Bengali:, উষ্মমাপক
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian: термоме́тър, топломе́р
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, 溫度錶, ,
 * Chukchi: омтэнмычъын
 * Crimean Tatar: sıcaqölçer, termometr
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian: kraadiklaas
 * Faroese: hitamálari, hitamátari, fepurstokkur
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Georgian: თერმომეტრი
 * German:, Wärmemesser,
 * Greek:
 * Guaraní: mba'epytu ra'ãha
 * Gujarati: ઉષ્ણતામાપક, તાપમાપક
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: तापमापी,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Interlingua: thermometro
 * Irish: teirmiméadar
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Javanese: ꦠꦺꦂꦩꦺꦴꦩꦺꦠꦼꦂ
 * Kannada:
 * Kazakh: термометр
 * Khmer: កែវស្ទង់កំដៅ
 * Korean: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: têhnpîv
 * Kyrgyz: термометр
 * Lao: ບາຫລອດ, ບາຫຼອດ, ເຄື່ອງແທກອຸນນະພູມ
 * Latin: thermometrum
 * Latvian: termometrs
 * Lithuanian:
 * Macedonian: термоме́тар, топломер
 * Malay: jangka suhu, termometer
 * Malayalam: താപമാപിനി,
 * Manx: tempreilyssane
 * Maori: ine-mahana
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: термометр, халууны шил, дулааны хэмжүүр
 * Mongolian: ᠲᠧᠷᠮᠣᠮᠧᠲᠷ, ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠢᠯ, ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ
 * Navajo: hadoh dóó hakʼaz neiłkidígíí
 * Nepali: तापमापी
 * Norman: thèrmomètre
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: termometer, gradestokk
 * Nynorsk: termometer, gradestokk
 * Okinawan: 寒暖計
 * Pali: uṇha-māṇaka
 * Pashto: ترماميټر, تودښمېچ, ميزان الحراره
 * Persian:
 * Dari: تَرْمامِیتَر
 * Iranian Persian:
 * Plautdietsch: Grodglauss
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: teas-mheidh
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: то̏пломе̄р, то̏пломје̄р, те̏рмометар
 * Roman: tȍplomēr, ,
 * Slovak: teplomer
 * Slovene: toplomér
 * Southern Ndebele: isimedimtjhiso
 * Spanish:
 * Sundanese: ᮒᮦᮁᮙᮧᮙᮦᮒᮨᮁ
 * Swahili:
 * Swazi: silinganisi kushisa
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: initsukat, initsukod, panigi, initbutod,
 * Tajik:, ҳароратсанҷ, дамосанҷ
 * Tamil:
 * Telugu:
 * Thai: เครื่องวัดอุณหภูมิ,, ปรอทวัดอุณหภูมิ, ,
 * Tibetan: དྲོ་གྲང་ལྟ་ཆས
 * Tigrinya: ተርሞሜተር
 * Turkish: ,
 * Turkmen: termometr
 * Ukrainian: тепломі́р, термо́метр, гра́дусник
 * Urdu: تَھرْما مِیٹَر
 * Uyghur: تېرمومېتىر
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese:
 * Volapük:
 * Welsh: tymeriadur
 * Yiddish: טערמאָמעטער
 * Zulu: isikalakushisa

Etymology
From.

title: thermometer


text:
sicher

Etymology
From, from , from.

Adjective

 * 1) safe, secure not dangerous or in danger
 * 2)  sure, certain convinced

Usage notes

 * In the sense of “sure”, there is little change in meaning when the dative reflexive is used, though this dative may slightly stress the personal conviction. The dative is particularly frequent when the following subclause is omitted:.
 * The phrase "I am sure of that" may be construed with a genitive object or a similar construction without a genitive:
 * With genitive:
 * Dessen bin ich mir sicher.
 * Without genitive:
 * Da bin ich mir sicher.

Adverb

 * 1) safely
 * 2) surely, certainly

Adjective

 * 1) safe
 * 2) secure
 * 3) certain

Adverb

 * 1) surely, certainly

title: sicher


text:
Jyutping

Etymology
.

Proper noun

 * 1) A romanisation system for Cantonese developed by the Linguistic Society of Hong Kong (LSHK).

Translations

 * Arabic: يُتْبِنْغ
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 粵語拼音, 粵拼, 香港語言學學會粵語拼音方案
 * Mandarin:, , 香港語言學學會粵語拼音方案
 * Hungarian: jűtphing
 * Japanese: 粤ピン
 * Korean: 월병
 * Russian: ютпхи́н
 * Vietnamese: Việt bính

title: Jyutping


text:
CCCP

Etymology 1
, abbreviation of.

Proper noun

 * 1)  USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)
 * 2) * 2013, Tom Hanks, introduction to Two Sides of the Moon: Our Story of the Cold War Space Race by Alexei Leonov and David Scott, Open Road Media ISBN 9781480448742
 * A common generalisation about people who go into space, particularly those men who were the participants in the great space race between the USA and the CCCP, is that each is an automaton — a throttle jockey with a crew cut, a mind like a slide rule and a vocabulary of 'gee whiz' superlatives and 'A-OK' affirmatives.
 * 1) * 2013, Tom Hanks, introduction to Two Sides of the Moon: Our Story of the Cold War Space Race by Alexei Leonov and David Scott, Open Road Media ISBN 9781480448742
 * A common generalisation about people who go into space, particularly those men who were the participants in the great space race between the USA and the CCCP, is that each is an automaton — a throttle jockey with a crew cut, a mind like a slide rule and a vocabulary of 'gee whiz' superlatives and 'A-OK' affirmatives.
 * A common generalisation about people who go into space, particularly those men who were the participants in the great space race between the USA and the CCCP, is that each is an automaton — a throttle jockey with a crew cut, a mind like a slide rule and a vocabulary of 'gee whiz' superlatives and 'A-OK' affirmatives.

Usage notes

 * The Cyrillic letters are not pronounced the same as the Latin letters; the closest approach in English to the Russian pronunciation (and the transliteration) would be SSSR.

title: CCCP


text:
civilization

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) An organized culture encompassing many communities, often on the scale of a nation or a people; a stage or system of social, political, or technical development.
 * 2)  Human society, particularly civil society.
 * 3) The act or process of civilizing or becoming civilized.
 * 4) The state or quality of being civilized.
 * 5)  The act of rendering a criminal process civil.
 * 1)  Human society, particularly civil society.
 * 2) The act or process of civilizing or becoming civilized.
 * 3) The state or quality of being civilized.
 * 4)  The act of rendering a criminal process civil.
 * 1) The act or process of civilizing or becoming civilized.
 * 2) The state or quality of being civilized.
 * 3)  The act of rendering a criminal process civil.
 * 1)  The act of rendering a criminal process civil.
 * 1)  The act of rendering a criminal process civil.

Translations

 * Albanian: ,
 * Amharic: ስልጣኔ, ሥልጣኔ
 * Arabic:, تَمَدُّن, مَدَنِيَّة
 * Egyptian Arabic: حضارة
 * Hijazi Arabic: حضارة
 * South Levantine Arabic: حضارة
 * Armenian:
 * Asturian: civilización
 * Azerbaijani: sivilizasiya,
 * Belarusian: цывіліза́цыя
 * Bengali:, , তহজিব
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Carpathian Rusyn: цівіліза́ція
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Coptic: ⲓⲉⲃⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ
 * Czech:
 * Danish: civilisation,
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian: tsivilisatsioon
 * Faroese: mentan, siðmenning
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ცივილიზაცია
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:, तहज़ीब
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: siðmenning
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: sibhialtacht
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: өркениет
 * Khmer:
 * Korean: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: ئاوەدانی
 * Northern Kurdish: ,
 * Kyrgyz: цивилизация,
 * Lao:
 * Latin: exculta hominum vīta
 * Latvian:
 * Ligurian: civiltæ
 * Lithuanian: civilizacija
 * Macedonian: цивилиза́ција, култу́ра
 * Malay:, peradaban
 * Maltese: ċiviltà
 * Manchu: ᡧᡠ ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ
 * Maori: puāwaitanga
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: соёл иргэншил
 * Nepali: सभ्यता
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Ottoman Turkish: مدنیت, تمدن
 * Pashto:, مدنيت
 * Persian: ,
 * Piedmontese: sivilisassion
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Sanskrit:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: цивилиза́ција
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: civilizácia
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog:
 * Tajik: тамаддун, маданият
 * Thai:
 * Tigrinya: ስልጣኔ
 * Turkish: ekinç, ,
 * Turkmen: medeniýet
 * Ukrainian:
 * Urdu:, تَمَدُّن, مَدَنِیَت
 * Uzbek:, , tsivilizatsiya,
 * Vietnamese: (文明)
 * Walloon:
 * West Frisian: beskaving
 * Yiddish: ציוויליזאַציע

 * Czech:
 * Danish: civilisation
 * Dutch: bewoonde wereld
 * Finnish:, sivistynyt yhteiskunta
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: sibhialtacht
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian: цивилиза́ција, култу́ра
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: цивилиза́ција
 * Roman:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog:
 * Turkish:

 * Asturian: civilización
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: civilisering
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, ,
 * Galician:
 * German: Zivilisiertwerden
 * Greek:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 文明化
 * Korean: 문명화(文明化)
 * Macedonian: цивилизи́раност
 * Maori: puāwaitanga, whakapuāwaitanga
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: цивилѝзӣрано̄ст
 * Roman:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: medenîleşme,

 * Catalan:
 * Finnish:
 * Greek:
 * Irish: sibhialtacht
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian: цивилизи́раност
 * Manx: ardveenid
 * Maori: puāwaitanga
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: civilitate
 * Russian: ,
 * Turkish:

 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish:

Proper noun

 * 1)  Collectively, those people of the world considered to have a high standard of behavior and / or a high level of development. Commonly subjectively used by people of one society to exclusively refer to their society, or their elite sub-group, or a few associated societies, implying all others, in time or geography or status, as something less than civilised, as savages or barbarians.

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Danish: civilisation
 * Dutch:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian: ,
 * Korean:
 * Norwegian:
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:

 * Bulgarian:, ,
 * Esperanto:
 * French:
 * Latin:
 * Norwegian:
 * Telugu:
 * Turkish: ,

title: civilization


text:
civilisation

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) civilization

Noun

 * 1) civilization

title: civilisation


text:
civilize

Etymology
Borrowed from, corresponding to.

title: civilize


text:
eidolon

Etymology
From, from , from. .

Noun

 * 1) An image or representation of an idea; a representation of an ideal form; an apparition of some actual or imaginary entity, or of some aspect of reality.
 * 2) A phantom, a ghost or elusive entity.
 * 3) An unsubstantial image, spectre, phantom.
 * 1) A phantom, a ghost or elusive entity.
 * 2) An unsubstantial image, spectre, phantom.
 * 1) An unsubstantial image, spectre, phantom.
 * 1) An unsubstantial image, spectre, phantom.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: идеализиран образ
 * Greek:
 * Ancient Greek: εἴδωλον
 * Portuguese:

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Greek:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Turkish:

title: eidolon


text:
band

Etymology 1
From (also ), from, , , from , , from. 🇨🇬 reinforced by 🇨🇬. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Related to, ,.

Noun

 * 1) A strip of material used for strengthening or coupling.
 * 2) A strip of material wrapped around things to hold them together.
 * 3) A narrow strip of cloth or other material on clothing, to bind, strengthen, or ornament it.
 * 4) A strip along the spine of a book where the pages are attached.
 * 5) A belt or strap that is part of a machine.
 * 6) A long strip of material, color, etc, that is different from the surrounding area.
 * 7)  A strip of decoration.
 * 8) A continuous tablet, stripe, or series of ornaments, as of carved foliage, of colour, or of brickwork.
 * 9) In Gothic architecture, the moulding, or suite of mouldings, which encircles the pillars and small shafts.
 * 10) That which serves as the means of union or connection between persons; a tie.
 * 11) A linen collar or ruff worn in the 16th and 17th centuries.
 * 12)  Two strips of linen hanging from the neck in front as part of a clerical, legal, or academic dress.
 * 13)  A part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
 * 14)  A group of energy levels in a solid state material.
 * 15)  A bond.
 * 16)  Pledge; security.
 * 17)  A ring, such as a wedding ring (wedding band), or a ring put on a bird's leg to identify it.
 * 18)  Any distinguishing line formed by chromatography, electrophoresis etc
 * 19)  A wad of money totaling $1K, held together by a band;  $1000, a grand;  money
 * 1)  A group of energy levels in a solid state material.
 * 2)  A bond.
 * 3)  Pledge; security.
 * 4)  A ring, such as a wedding ring (wedding band), or a ring put on a bird's leg to identify it.
 * 5)  Any distinguishing line formed by chromatography, electrophoresis etc
 * 6)  A wad of money totaling $1K, held together by a band;  $1000, a grand;  money
 * 1)  A ring, such as a wedding ring (wedding band), or a ring put on a bird's leg to identify it.
 * 2)  Any distinguishing line formed by chromatography, electrophoresis etc
 * 3)  A wad of money totaling $1K, held together by a band;  $1000, a grand;  money
 * 1)  A wad of money totaling $1K, held together by a band;  $1000, a grand;  money

Verb

 * 1)  To fasten with a band.
 * 2)  To fasten an identifying band around the leg of (a bird).
 * 1)  To fasten an identifying band around the leg of (a bird).

Etymology 2
From, from , from , perhaps from , from , from. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) A group of musicians who perform together as an ensemble, usually for a professional recording artist.
 * 2) A type of orchestra originally playing janissary music.
 * 3) A marching band.
 * 4) A group of people loosely united for a common purpose.
 * 5)  A small group of people living in a simple society, contrasted with tribes, chiefdoms, and states.
 * 6)  A group of aboriginals that has official recognition as an organized unit by the federal government of Canada.
 * 1)  A small group of people living in a simple society, contrasted with tribes, chiefdoms, and states.
 * 2)  A group of aboriginals that has official recognition as an organized unit by the federal government of Canada.

Descendants

 * Cantonese:

Verb

 * 1)  To group together for a common purpose; to confederate.
 * 2)  To group (students) together by perceived ability; to stream.
 * 1)  To group (students) together by perceived ability; to stream.

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  band group of musicians

Etymology 1
From.

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1)  excommunication

Etymology 3
From, from.

Noun

 * 1)  swear word

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from. Compare 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 (and a closely related form 🇨🇬, with umlaut from ). A verbal noun with ablaut to.

Noun

 * ,, , , attachment, as in a relation
 * 1)  (all English senses, above, except for group of musicians)
 * 2)  or object of similar shape
 * 3) / e.g. a car tyre
 * 4)  magnetic tape, video tape
 * 5)  martial arts belt
 * 6)  conveyor belt
 * 7)  interval relating to frequency or wavelength in electromagnetic phenomena
 * 8) range of energy levels in a solid state material
 * 9) interval in the light spectrum
 * 10)  the bank of a pool table
 * 1)  the bank of a pool table

Etymology 2
Borrowed from.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) (a piece of) rope, string
 * 2)  ties, connection, relations

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) (a piece of) string
 * 2) yarn
 * 3)  ties, connection, relations
 * 4) binding (of a book)
 * 5)  tie
 * 6)  a musical

Etymology
From, from ; vocalism is influenced by and.

Noun

 * 1) That which obstructs one's free will and free action; a restraint.
 * 2) A chain or other object used to restrain a captive.
 * 3) Captivity; the condition of being jailed.
 * 4) A compact, directive or binding pact either reciprocal or from one unto another
 * 5) A strip of a material used to tie or bind; a :
 * 6) A rope or piece of twine used to tie or bind.
 * 7) A headband a band that surrounds the head
 * 8) A metal band that surrounds an object in order to strengthen it.
 * 9)  A joint or sinew.
 * 10)  A diagonal stripe or band.
 * 11)  A strip of a material not used to tie or bind.
 * 12) Something used to join or connect; a link.
 * 13)  A metaphorical connection or linkage.
 * 14) A collection or group of bound items.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  a ; group of (rock) musicians

Etymology 1
, akin to 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) a tape
 * 2) a ribbon
 * a
 * 1) a bond
 * 2) a leash

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1)  a

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) the act of binding or settling
 * 2) band, cord, fetter
 * 3)  bond, confederacy
 * 4)  the gods
 * 5) * c. 930,, loose verse 21
 * "non"
 * 1) * c. 930,, loose verse 21
 * "non"

- Svá skyldi goð gjalda, gram reki bǫnd af lǫndum, reið sé rǫgn ok Óðinn, rôn míns féar hônum;

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1)  pop or jazz  playing mostly wind instruments

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) ribbon, tape, strip of material
 * 2) ensemble, orchestra, group of musicians
 * 3) gang, band of robbers
 * 4)  part of radio spectrum
 * 5)  group of energy levels
 * 6) a belt used for transporting material or objects between two places; conveyor belt
 * 7) caterpillar track; a belt or band fitted instead of wheels to off-road vehicles
 * 8) an audio tape or a video tape
 * 9) a cassette of audio or video tape
 * 10) a tie, a connection, a relation; from a person to another person or to a place
 * 1) an audio tape or a video tape
 * 2) a cassette of audio or video tape
 * 3) a tie, a connection, a relation; from a person to another person or to a place

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1)  a

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  group of musicians
 * 2)  strip of material

title: band


text:
User:Kalki

I am Kalki, primarily active at Wikiquote.

title: User:Kalki


text:
User talk:Nanshu

Use the Möllendorf transcription system for Manchu because currently no one could display the Manchu script correctly in a browser.

 * Hi Nanshu,
 * I don't think it would be a problem if you would use the Unicode characters (if they exist) and then between parentheses the Möllendorf transcription. With time the characters will be displayed correctly in browsers.Polyglot 05:18 Aug 11, 2003 (UTC)

 * According to Unicode Manchu uses the Mongolian script, but not many fonts support it yet. Japman 13:40 Aug 11, 2003 (UTC)

 * I don't think it is a problem to write it with the right kind of characters. When I look at the Wiktionary with Windows I also can't see the Japanese, Chinese and Russian characters. The people that have an interest in these languages will make sure they have a character set that can read them. Putting the transcription behind in parentheses is, of course, always a good idea.134.58.253.130 14:05 Aug 11, 2003 (UTC)

Things are tougher than you may think. Unicode supports Mongolian, Manchu, Sibe and Todo scripts but it is difficult to display or input these scripts. This page briefly explains why: http://homepage.mac.com/thgewecke/Manchu.html I don't know any browser (or font) that treats positional variants correctly. Also, the implementation of "writing-mode: tb-lr" (CSS3 Text Module) is required.

I made a simple conversion script (from the transcription to Unicode sequence), but I'm not sure if my understanding is correct. Here is a test: ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ (manju gisun) --Nanshu 01:32 Aug 12, 2003 (UTC)

 * OK, I get it, it's currently next to impossible to input and especially to render them correctly. I thought it was mainly a rendering problem due to incomplete font sets. Is there a one on one relationship between the Möllendorf transcription and the UNICODE characters? Maybe you just write the transcription for now, commented like this:

 * *Manchu: (Möllendorf transcription: ...)

 * Then we would be able to have a script convert it to the correct UNICODE characters later on. What do you think?Polyglot 07:47 Aug 12, 2003 (UTC)

 * I agree. --Nanshu
 * Unicode allocation is independent from complicated rendering. The mapping from the Möllendorf romanization to Unicode squence is mostly one-to-one, so it is not difficult to write a converter (not input method). But sometimes Free Variaton Selectors need to select unusual variant forms. For more information see http://uk.geocities.com/BabelStone1357/Test/Manchu.html. I can insert Unicode characters so that someday they can be rendered correctly, but I cannot check whether they are really correct.--Nanshu 01:23 Aug 14, 2003 (UTC)

I can see that script in my browser. Petruk 18:01 Aug 12, 2003 (UTC)

 * I couldn't see it. What browser (IE, Mozilla?) are you using on which platform (Windows, Macintosh, Linux, UNIX)? On GNU/Linux Mandrake 9.1 with all the languages installed, I could only see square blocks with numbers in them. I tried with different fonts. Does it look more or less like it is supposed to look? There are examples on the web site that Manchu mentioned. Polyglot 18:51 Aug 12, 2003 (UTC)

 * Is it correct? That's the question. I can see too, but positional variants and ligatures are not supported. --Nanshu

 * Don't know whether it is correct or not. It shows up like this jpg: [[image:manju-gisun.jpg]]. I use Mozilla-1.3 / Win98. I didn't do anything. Maybe I had installed the font accidentally. Petruk 15:04 Aug 13, 2003 (UTC)

 * The link Nanshu pointed above indicates that it should've looked like one of these http://homepage.mac.com/thgewecke/manchureal.gif Japman 15:59 Aug 13, 2003 (UTC)

 * Incorrect. It should be something like this: [[image:manju_gisun.png]]. At least SimSun-18030, STFangsong and Code2000 (imperfectly) support the script. You have surely one of them. --Nanshu 01:23 Aug 14, 2003 (UTC)

 * I didn't mean that it should look exactly like it, but only similiar in style. :-) Japman 09:11 Aug 14, 2003 (UTC)

 * It was a response to Petruk... --Nanshu 01:25 Aug 15, 2003 (UTC)

Your bot add a lot of pages about chinese characters... I can't see many of them. do you know which font I need ? Koxinga 12:15, 10 Sep 2003 (UTC)
 * I haven't been getting them either, but that may be because I don't seem to have installed the "CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A" in the hex range 3400-4DBF. These are generally less common characters than those in the main hex range 4E00-9FAF.  Eclecticology 16:30, 10 Sep 2003 (UTC)

What I currently add are in "CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A" (U+3400 to U+4DBF; 6,582 characters), which were adopted in Unicode 3.0. This area was once occupied by Hangul Syllables, but they were reallocated to another area violating one of Unicode's principles. The Chinese characters, added in turn, were very rare. I confess that I have never seen these words. To show them, you have to get a relatively new Unicode font. If you use Windows, this page will help you. Now I decided to complete "CJK Unified Ideographs" first. --Nanshu 23:41, 10 Sep 2003 (UTC)

Great work that you've been doing on all those Chinese character pages. By way of suggestion, you could revise the "Radical" line to read as follows: The radical number is especially useful for the non-Chinese for whom the order in which the radicals appear in the dictionary is not always obvious. Adding the word "stroke" at the end simply clarifies that that is what the number is about. Keep up the good work. Eclecticology 09:41, 18 Sep 2003 (UTC)
 *  Radical Number 29: 又+16 strokes

 * Implemented. Thank you for your suggestion. --Nanshu 00:50, 19 Sep 2003 (UTC)

Hi, Nanshu: I added some comments and questions on the Entries on Chinese characters meta page...basically, I was wondering where the Hangeul index came from (I'm wondering how complete or accurate it is); also, I was wrong about using the word "Hum-eun": it should be "eumhun" (音訓), since that is the word in Korean. Finally, you mentioned the NK/SK spelling variation (롱/농), but this is tricky: in South Korea, when a character that starts with ㄹ is used on its own or at the beginning of a word, it is replaced with a ㄴ (or ㅇ if ㅑ, ㅕ, ㅛ, ㅠ, or sometimes ㅣ follows it. (Examples: 羅 (라) in 羅州 나주; the family name 李 (리), which is usually written & pronounced 이.) But when the character comes in the middle or at the end of a word, the ㄹ is maintained (so a South Korean would write 용 (龍) for "dragon," but 백룡 (白龍) for "white dragon").  This rule also applies to the eumhun reading of Hanja:  South Koreans normally write 육 for 六, but Chinese character dictiories call the character "여섯 륙" (yeoseon-nyuk).  For 용, the eumhun reading is "용 룡" (yong-nyong)!  In North Korea, however, the ㄹ is always used, even at the beginning of a word--so a North Korean would spell the South Korean city name 나주 as 라주, and romanize it as Raju (like Rajin near the Russian border), instead of Naju. This consonant-changing rule also applies to ㄴ when it comes before ㅑ, ㅕ, ㅛ, ㅠ: for example, 녀 (女), which is spelled and pronounced 여 in 여자 (女子).

...I'm also going to post what I just wrote on the Entries on Chinese characters meta page because it's relevant to the discussion, but I'll leave it here for you as well. --Sewing 16:15, 2 Oct 2003 (UTC)

--Nanshu 22:56, 2 Oct 2003 (UTC)
 * The index was automatically generated from the Unihan database. My script read kKorean fields, composed Hangul syllables from these romanized values and sorted them by South Korean Hangul order (I did not use an sorting algorithm, but made a huge table because this order is that of codepoint). So my index only covers the characters that have the kKorean fields in the database. I'm not sure their accuracy.
 * Fixed.
 * I know what is called 頭音規則 in Japanese. Such a change is notated with ">". See 弄.

 * Thanks. Almost the same term is used in Korean (두음 법칙; 頭音法則; dueum beopchik) to describe this rule.  I forgot the Japanese I learned 6 years ago, but is there a similar rule in Japanese?  I didn't know that.  --Sewing 00:20, 3 Oct 2003 (UTC)

Bot problems?
Now your bot seems to be adding only the Korean section and not the Chinese or Japanese sections; is this a bug? (See 怾 for an example.) --Sewing 00:47, 3 Oct 2003 (UTC)

Sorry...I was going to say that the bot still seemed to be buggy, but I guess it only adds a section for each language if there is data for that language...is that correct? --Sewing 02:14, 4 Oct 2003 (UTC)

 * Yeah. My bot don't add a section for each language If I have no information about it. --Nanshu 02:27, 4 Oct 2003 (UTC)

Congratulations for getting throught all those CJK characters. Great job. Eclecticology 02:43, 22 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Hi Nanshu,

I hope you are still around. I'm struggling to get my PHP bot script operational again. Apparently the new software expects a different kind of interaction than before. Could you share with me how Nanshubot interacts with the wiktionary server software? Many thanks,Polyglot 22:14, 19 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Hello. NanshuBot is a POST-only bot. It isn't clever enough to modify existing articles. Sorry if I cannot help you.

My bot is written in Perl. It sends the following request.

my $request = POST("http://wiktionary.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=$url_name&action=submit",		      { 'wpTextbox1' => $output,			 'wpSummary'  => $comment,			 'wpSave'     => 'Save page',			 'wpSection'  => ,			 'wpEdittime' =>  });
 * 1) 'wpMinoredit' => 1,  # debug
 * 1) 			 'wpPreview' => 'Show preview',

$request->header('Cookie' => 'wiktionarywikiUserName=NanshuBot;wiktionarywikiUserID=421;wiktionarywikiPassword=********************************'); # wiktionary

This only works for non-existent articles. In this case, the server returns "Redirect". Otherwise, my bot updates the local error log (and I updates the articles manually). To edit an existing article, 'wpEdittime' should be set correctly. My bot with manually set 'wpEdittime' successfully updated User:Nanshu/Sandbox. --Nanshu 05:34, 20 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * Thanks, I appreciate you share this. I had taken wpEdittime into account, but I get a Forbidden when trying to read an existing article. This worked ok before. I'm going to investigate and test a bit more. Maybe it's the cookie that's doing the trick.Polyglot 08:47, 20 Dec 2003 (UTC)

some more suggestions
Hello Nanshu. Very nice work. I'm willing to link my little Zhendic on your useful wiktionary entries. I have few usability and readability suggestions.

The character displays in bold in entry title. On my computer, it's not very easy to read for some characters with many strokes. I'm not sure that it's possible to change this H1 layout. So I may suggest to add a first line with info readers would want to find quickly, something like a summary of the page. It could be like this:

 * (big)CHAR [VAR](/big), toned pinyin, rough definition in English.

I don't know if you plan to add multiple characters "words", but it could be useful also. I can send you the database I used (it is public domain, I think).

If you wish to add very valuable meat to English definitions, especially from sinological point of view, one may ask to those who made http://kongzi.arthum.hawaii.edu:8080

This gives you something like that:

 * 學 xué (xue2) Middle Chinese:haewk  Old Chinese:*N-kruuk     Strokes: 16  Radical: 39.13

 * Meanings (M): " {I} [xu? hak gaku] (1) To study, to learn. (2) A student. (3) Learning; a branch of learning; a science; -ology. A certain theory or discipline. (4) A school. (5) A school of thought, such as the Taoist, or Confucian school, or the school of Zhuxi or Wang Yangming. {II} [ji�釅 kou] To teach. [Refs] [Credit] cmuller [Morohashi] 07033 [Daehan] 0549.270 [Mathews] 2780 "
 * Philosophy: HALL, DAVID L. AND AMES, ROGER T. 1987 Learning; an unmediated process of becoming aware; the appropriation and embodiment of the cultural tradition (wen2 文) through pedagogical interaction and exchange (wen2 聞).

By the way, your work is very fine and your bot very friendly :) 202.106.182.176 10:54, 8 Jan 2004 (UTC) (gbog on wikipedia)

Other categorizations
I know it's a bit late, but I've added three new Chinese indices:
 * zhuyin (or bopomofo)
 * Wubi Hua (the five strokes method)
 * Wubi Xing

and I'm wondering if you could help populating these indices.

I'm also slightly improving/redoing the TOCs in these indices, for ease of navigation.

KelvSYC 04:25, 5 May 2004 (UTC)

Just to say thanx
Nanshu, I should have written this many months ago: thank you so much for the CJK Unified Ideographs pages you completed with Nanshubot! They became a very important tool for me when surfing in the net. I have altogether saved long amounts of hours using the wiktionary ideographs in here. Great idea and excellent work! Congratulations! - Piolinfax 14:39, 18 Jul 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Nanshu


text:
spoony

Etymology
From. See notes at.

Adjective

 * 1) Enamored in a silly or sentimental way.
 * 2) Feebly sentimental; gushy.
 * 3) Similar to a spoon
 * 1) Feebly sentimental; gushy.
 * 2) Similar to a spoon
 * 1) Similar to a spoon

Noun

 * 1)  A foolish, simple, or silly person.
 * 2)  A foolishly amorous person.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:

 * Bulgarian:

title: spoony


text:
Talk:空

On the new format, why are we duplicating information? --- Emperorbma

 * Because they are different. The upper part explaining the entry as a kanji while the lower part explaining it as a word. Not all kanji can serve as a-word-by-itself in Japanese (how about Chinese?). By declare the entry as kanji, we could always sure that upper section should always have all the possible readings or links to words that containing it (currently it just not completed yet). By declare it as a word, we could always sure that it should have the same format with entries like あれ, 見る, イギリス (may have synonyms, usage, etc.). In Japan you could find a Kanji-Jiten (Kanji Dictionary) and Kokugo-Jiten (Japanese-Japanese Dictionary) sold separately. Petruk 14:22 Aug 13, 2003 (UTC)

 * For those Kanji that can't be used by itself we could simply denote that in the "Other info:" section. Should "words containing this kanji" include the Kanji itself (since we would/could not make it a link)? Japman 22:13 Aug 13, 2003 (UTC)

 * We should separate it not only because of that. My main concern is about the 'cleanliness' of the format, that is, the consistency with other entries. About whether or not the "words containing this kanji" should include the kanji itself, for me it is a matter of taste. You could remove it if you think it is useless. Petruk 17:36 Aug 14, 2003 (UTC)

 * Oh, nevermind then! — Emperorbma

 * That's great! Thanks! :-) Petruk 17:36 Aug 14, 2003 (UTC)

Mandarin readings
Can it be added in which contexts the three different Mandarin readings are used? 71.66.97.228 06:49, 24 July 2011 (UTC)

 * These senses are cognate. kōng (OC *kʰoːŋ) is "to be hollow, empty > sky; in vain". kòng (OC *kʰoːŋs) is the causative ("to make ... empty, to vacate"), nominalised ("empty space, spare time"), and (somewhat) figurative form ("to have nothing, to be poor"). kǒng (OC *kʰoːŋʔ) is "hole, aperture", possibly with the -l- infix (OC *kʰloːŋʔ), now written as 孔, whence also the disyllabic form 窟窿 (kūlong, "hole"). I've always thought this is cognate with Viet. không ("not, to be not" - also the Sino-Viet. of "空"), and that this is borrowed from a non-Sino-Tibetan substratum (Min Nan still has "空" meaning "zero"). 60.240.101.246 10:11, 16 October 2011 (UTC)

Thanks, which non-Sino-Tibetan substratum? Why not add this information to the entry? 71.66.97.228 06:13, 17 October 2011 (UTC)

Min Nan readings
THCWD lists 7 definitions under reading khang (the only other reading linked is the substitute case meaning "zero"). How will these definitions be combined with other Chinese varieties? Further, it is not clear what definition corresponds to which compounds. Most compounds use khang or khong but it appears not interchangeably. See 空白, 空地 for khàng. Hongthay (talk) 02:49, 26 March 2016 (UTC)
 * If we just look at the pronunciation, 文khong/白khang correspond to Mandarin kōng, Cantonese hung1 and Hakka khûng; 文khòng/白khàng correspond to Mandarin kòng, Cantonese hung3 and Hakka khung. However, the usage in terms of the meanings differ among the different varieties. — justin(r)leung { (t...) 03:46, 26 March 2016 (UTC)

Folk etymology on "sora" (Japanese)
Here's something interesting found online (resources in: this blog, Chiebukuro and in Oshiete):

According to the Chiebukuro, it was around the Meiji era: there is some kind of mnemonic of the musical scale:

This is pure coincidence, can this be accepted as folk etymology? (Note: this made me create an anonymous edit back then about the theory that "sora" came from Italian) --POKéTalker (talk) 00:38, 13 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Doesn't folk etymology mean it's not supposed to be accepted? — justin(r)leung { (t...) 00:41, 13 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Not really "accepted" (poor word choice once again), just only to be added into the etymology section as folk etymology. --POKéTalker (talk) 01:05, 13 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Chiming in belatedly. My general sense for folk etymologies is that they may be included provided that: 1) they are common enough that users might be expected to encounter them (i.e. not just fringe weirdness), and 2) we clearly explain that they are folk etymologies and not actually how the terms arose.  Where possible, we should also 3) include the academically accepted etymology as well.  I think all three could apply here, FWIW.
 * Cheers, ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │Tala við mig 01:44, 9 December 2020 (UTC)
 * Cheers, ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │Tala við mig 01:44, 9 December 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:空


text:
mock

Etymology
From, from , , from or , both from , , from , , from ,. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, Modern 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, dialectal 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) An imitation, usually of lesser quality.
 * 2) ; the act of mocking.
 * 3)  A mockup or prototype; particularly,, as used in unit testing.
 * 1)  A mockup or prototype; particularly,, as used in unit testing.
 * 1)  A mockup or prototype; particularly,, as used in unit testing.
 * 1)  A mockup or prototype; particularly,, as used in unit testing.
 * 1)  A mockup or prototype; particularly,, as used in unit testing.
 * 1)  A mockup or prototype; particularly,, as used in unit testing.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Georgian: მოჩვენებითი
 * German: ,
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish: cakma

 * Albanian: ngërdhej
 * Bulgarian:
 * Esperanto: mokado
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:, Veralberung
 * Hebrew: סניטה
 * Ingrian: pilkka
 * Italian:, ,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Old Norse: háð
 * Persian:, سماخ
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:

 * Catalan: simulacre
 * Finnish: harjoituskoe
 * French:
 * Hebrew:
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:

 * German:

Verb

 * 1) To mimic, to simulate.
 * 2)  To create an artistic representation of.
 * 3)  To make fun of, especially by mimicking; to taunt.
 * 4) To tantalise, and disappoint the hopes of.
 * The wind is mocking my efforts to light a fire!
 * 1) * 1765, Benjamin Heath, A revisal of Shakespear's text, page 563 (a commentary on the "mocke the meate" line from Othello):
 * ‘Mock’ certainly never signifies to loath. Its common signification is, to disappoint.
 * 1)  To create a mockup or prototype of.
 * 1) To tantalise, and disappoint the hopes of.
 * The wind is mocking my efforts to light a fire!
 * 1) * 1765, Benjamin Heath, A revisal of Shakespear's text, page 563 (a commentary on the "mocke the meate" line from Othello):
 * ‘Mock’ certainly never signifies to loath. Its common signification is, to disappoint.
 * 1)  To create a mockup or prototype of.
 * 1) * 1765, Benjamin Heath, A revisal of Shakespear's text, page 563 (a commentary on the "mocke the meate" line from Othello):
 * ‘Mock’ certainly never signifies to loath. Its common signification is, to disappoint.
 * 1)  To create a mockup or prototype of.
 * ‘Mock’ certainly never signifies to loath. Its common signification is, to disappoint.
 * 1)  To create a mockup or prototype of.
 * 1)  To create a mockup or prototype of.

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:mock
 * See also Thesaurus:imitate

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Dutch:, , ,
 * Esperanto: imiti
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: arremedar
 * Georgian:
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Italian: parodiare,, , ,
 * Japanese:
 * Maori: whakatau, whakatautau, tāwhai
 * Norman: motchi
 * Norwegian:
 * Norwegian Bokmål: ,
 * Portuguese:, ,  macaquear, ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:, ,

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Burmese:
 * Dutch: spotten met,
 * Esperanto: moki
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French:
 * Galician: arremedar
 * Georgian:
 * German:, ,
 * Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌼𐍀𐌾𐌰𐌽, 𐌱𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Ingrian: pilkata, narrata, braakkia
 * Italian:, , ,
 * Japanese:
 * Latin: cavillor
 * Maori: whakatoi, whakatoitoi, whakatea, tītoi
 * Norman: motchi
 * Norwegian:
 * Norwegian Bokmål: herme etter
 * Ottoman Turkish: گولمك
 * Polish: przedrzeźniać, ,
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Quechua: asipayay
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Ukrainian: передра́жнювати, передражни́ти

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Italian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Spanish:

Adjective

 * 1) Imitation, not genuine; fake.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: подражателски
 * Dutch: namaak-
 * Esperanto: falsa, imita, ŝajniga
 * Finnish:
 * Georgian: ყალბი
 * German: Schein-,
 * Hebrew: -דמה
 * Persian:, ,
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Swedish: sken-, låtsas-

title: mock


text:
Talk:dollar

A silver certificate? Please.
This is 2013; an FRN should be used for the picture.76.168.195.63 06:56, 9 September 2013 (UTC)

Plural
Do we say 20 dollar or 20 dollars ? Thanks in advance. -- youssef 14:34 Aug 13, 2003 (UTC)

20 dollars, 20 euros, 20 poundsPolyglot 15:10 Aug 13, 2003 (UTC)

 * Thanks. However. It seems that we say 20 yen without an s. --youssef 15:17 Aug 13, 2003 (UTC)~

 * Also 20 euro without an "s", by decree of the European Monetary Union. This was necessary because of the problems that would otherwis arise because of different plural formation in the languages of the member countries. Eclecticology 17:03 Aug 13, 2003 (UTC)

 * 20 euros is with an s in common language. Only in official documents are people supposed to follow that decree.Polyglot 20:15 Aug 13, 2003 (UTC)

 * I think there is no such decree (your source, please? Could you quote the sentence?). EURO is written without an s on coins and banknotes, for the reason mentioned above, and because this word can be understood as a mention of the unit used. This does not mean that the European Monetary Union wants to change grammatical rules for all languages of the Union. Lmaltier 15:55, 14 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Shortly after the euro was rolled out, the EU published a directive instructing that the plural of both "euro" and "cent" were to be written the same as the singular on all official documentation in all languages. In documents intended for the general public, the normal plural according to the language is advised. —Stephen 19:16, 14 May 2009 (UTC)

 * The English Style Guide of the European Commission Translation Service states:
 * 12.12 Guidelines on the use of the euro, issued via the Secretariat-General, state that the plurals of both ‘euro’ and ‘cent’ are to be written without ‘s’ in English. Do this when amending or referring to legal texts that themselves observe this rule. Elsewhere, and especially in documents intended for the general public, use the natural plural with ‘s’ for both terms.
 * There might have been an (absurd) recommendation for official texts, but no "decree". And, fortunately, they now have amended their recommendation: see Wikipedia : The Directorate-General for Translation now recommends that the regular plurals, euros and cents, be used.. Lmaltier 21:13, 14 May 2009 (UTC)

Synonyms
Arent there such synonyms like bucks, bone, etc. in slang? --Ferike333 18:37, 13 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I don’t know about bone, but certainly bucks, lettuce, cabbage, wampum, dinero, moolah, shekels, dough, bread, lucre, loot, change, scratch, and I’m sure many others. But I think these are moreso synonyms for money than for dollar. —Stephen 21:24, 13 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Oh, I didn't know about that much. Bone is mentioned in the article buck, either, but must be regional if you don't know. I mean it might be Australian or New Zelander where the currency is dollar, too. Ferike333 15:23, 14 May 2009 (UTC)

Etymology of English "Dollar"
Does it really derive from Dutch "Daler"? It seems to me more plausible, that it could derive from Low Saxon "Daler" [dɔːlɐ]. In Dutch it is with [aː] instead. Both Norwegian entries below refer to this etymology. (Harmen Ströntistel (talk))
 * The Oxford Etymological Dictionary website writes: "Where does the noun dollar come from? The earliest known use of the noun dollar is in the mid 1500s. OED's earliest evidence for dollar is from 1553, in a letter by R. Morysin and Sir T. Chamberlayne. dollar is of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Middle Low German. Partly a borrowing from Dutch. Etymons: Middle Low German daler, Dutch daler."
 * So, you're not wrong. Keep in mind, however, that the pronunciation of words can easily change in nearly five centuries (pronunciations often change in far less time). Apparently dollar was already pronounced with an [ɒ] in the 16th century, which could be compatible with either pronunciation. However, what precisely the Low Saxon pronunciation was in the 16th century is unclear, and it could also have differed by dialect. Same for Dutch: A rounded realisation of the long open back vowel is also found in certain accents of Afrikaans. --Florian Blaschke (talk) 15:41, 21 June 2024 (UTC)

Quotations on English meaning "A quarter of a pound or one crown" don't fit
Neither of these quotations seems consistent with this meaning. One is a 1990 song by an American, with no indication that the meaning of "euro-dollars" is an obscure British colloquial unit rather than simply "European currency". The other is clearly talking about official U.S. currency, since it uses the dollar sign ($) without modification, and 1.25USD per day is a common line for extreme poverty.

benefit dollar: unit for determining benefit level
benefit dollar : a unit of purchasing power that an employee is able to use in buying any of a range of employee benefits --Backinstadiums (talk) 10:24, 6 October 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:dollar


text:
パッド

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) pad

title: パッド


text:
girlfriend

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) A female partner in an unmarried romantic relationship.
 * 2) A female friend of a woman or girl.
 * 3)  A fellow gay man, especially a friend as opposed to a sexual partner.
 * 4) * 1994, Eric Orner, The Seven Deadly Sins of Love (reprinted in The Completely Unfabulous Social Life of Ethan Green (2015), p. 53):
 * Tim: James, huh? My lover Carlos's best girlfriend is named James.
 * James: Yes, I know. I am your lover Carlos's best girlfriend James.
 * 1) * 1994, Eric Orner, The Seven Deadly Sins of Love (reprinted in The Completely Unfabulous Social Life of Ethan Green (2015), p. 32):
 * Hanque: Girlfriend — how'r we doing?
 * Doug: Hi Hanque, I'd like a capuccino and some lobster bisque.
 * Caption: (Friendliness with the waitstaff is a good sign)
 * 1) * 1994, Eric Orner, The Seven Deadly Sins of Love (reprinted in The Completely Unfabulous Social Life of Ethan Green (2015), p. 53):
 * Tim: James, huh? My lover Carlos's best girlfriend is named James.
 * James: Yes, I know. I am your lover Carlos's best girlfriend James.
 * 1) * 1994, Eric Orner, The Seven Deadly Sins of Love (reprinted in The Completely Unfabulous Social Life of Ethan Green (2015), p. 32):
 * Hanque: Girlfriend — how'r we doing?
 * Doug: Hi Hanque, I'd like a capuccino and some lobster bisque.
 * Caption: (Friendliness with the waitstaff is a good sign)
 * Caption: (Friendliness with the waitstaff is a good sign)

Usage notes

 * The term is used to refer to any girl or woman in a romantic relationship with another person.
 * An adult woman in such a non-marital relationship is sometimes referred to instead as a ' or ', especially if the two partners are living together. Because girlfriend and partner mean different things to different people, the distinctions between the terms are subjective, and which term is used in a relationship will ultimately be determined by personal preference.
 * The use of girlfriend for a female non-romantic friend of another female is limited in geographic distribution and sometimes preferred by older generations of speakers. It is frowned upon by many sapphic women, who consider it a contributing factor in the erasure and/or denigration of sapphic relationships.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: ,
 * Albanian: ,
 * Arabic: صَدِيقَة, صَاحِبَة
 * Armenian:
 * Basque:
 * Belarusian: каха́нка, дзяўчы́на, сябро́ўка, пры́яцелька, падру́га
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian:, прия́телка
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 女朋友,
 * Hakka: 女朋友
 * Hokkien:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech: ,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Elfdalian: fjälla
 * Esperanto: koramikino
 * Estonian:, tüdruksõber
 * Faroese: unnusta, dama
 * Finnish:, , tyttökaveri
 * French:, ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  , ,  ,
 * Galician: noiva, moza
 * Georgian: შეყვარებული, მეგობარი გოგო, მეგობარი გოგონა, მეგობარი ქალი
 * German: ,
 * Greek:, ,
 * Greenlandic: arnaat
 * Guaraní: kichiha
 * Hebrew:, חברה לחיים,  בת-זוג לחיים
 * Hindi: गर्लफ़्रेंड,, आशिक़ा
 * Hungarian:, (slang)
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido: amoratino
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish:, girseach
 * Italian:, ,
 * Japanese:, 意中の女, , 付き合ってる人
 * Kapampangan: tau, ibug
 * Khmer: មិត្តស្រី
 * Korean:, ,
 * Lao: ຜູ້ສາວ
 * Latin:, amīca, amīcula,
 * Latvian: draudzene
 * Lithuanian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Macedonian: девојка, пријателка
 * Malay: teman perempuan
 * Marathi: मैत्रीण
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: найз охин
 * Northern Sami: moarsi
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: kjærast, kjæraste
 * Persian:
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Quechua: salla
 * Romanian:
 * Romansch: marusa
 * Russian:, , , гёрлфре́нд, гёрлфренд, , ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: цу̏ра, дѐво̄јка, дјѐво̄јка, ђѐво̄јка, пријатѐљица
 * Roman:, , , đèvōjka,
 * Sicilian:, ,
 * Slovak: priateľka
 * Slovene:, punca ,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swahili: ,
 * Swedish:, , kärasta
 * Tagalog: kasintahang babae, nobya
 * Telugu:
 * Thai: แฟนสาว,
 * Tibetan: དགའ་རོགས
 * Tok Pisin: gelpren
 * Turkish: kız arkadaş
 * Ukrainian: коха́на,, подру́га, при́ятелька
 * Urdu: گَرْل فِرین٘ڈ
 * Vietnamese: ,
 * Walloon: ,
 * West Frisian: freondinne, ,
 * Wolof:

 * Arabic: صَدِيقَة
 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: сябро́ўка, пры́яцелька, падру́га
 * Bulgarian: прия́телка
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 女性朋友, ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: amikino
 * Faliscan: socia
 * Finnish:, tyttökaveri
 * French: ,
 * Galician: amiga
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌾𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌹
 * Hebrew:, ידידה
 * Hindi:, , , महिला-मित्र
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian: teman perempuan
 * Italian:, amica del cuore
 * Japanese: 女友達
 * Kapampangan: babaying kaluguran
 * Korean: 여사친
 * Latin: amīca
 * Latvian: draudzene
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Macedonian: пријателка
 * Malay: teman perempuan, kawan perempuan
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: veninne, venninne
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: banacharaid
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: пријатѐљица
 * Roman:
 * Sicilian: cummari
 * Slovak: priateľka
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tajik:, рафиқа
 * Telugu:
 * Thai: เพื่อนสาว
 * Ukrainian: подру́га, при́ятелька
 * Volapük:
 * West Frisian: freondinne

title: girlfriend


text:
boyfriend

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) A male partner in an unmarried romantic relationship.
 * 2) A male friend.
 * 3)  A style of women's clothing that draws heavily from corresponding men's garments.undefined
 * 1) A male friend.
 * 2)  A style of women's clothing that draws heavily from corresponding men's garments.undefined
 * 1)  A style of women's clothing that draws heavily from corresponding men's garments.undefined

Usage notes
In contrast to its female equivalent, girlfriend, which is often used to describe a woman's close female friend, the term is not used in reference to non-romantic relationships involving males. Separating the word into its two components avoids the romantic implication nowadays, although boy friend used to mean the same as boyfriend does now. However, British and Australian men usually refer to a male friend as a. Similarly, Americans and Canadians use the term. It is also common for American and Canadian women to differentiate non-romantic male friends from romantic ones by referring to them as being their.

Boyfriend is a relatively modern term, and often has implications of a sexual relationship outside of marriage. In the past, such relationships were actually illegal, and were often considered immoral. With the sexual revolution, however, such relationships became normal in Western countries. As a result, the term is often used today without negative implications.

An adult man in a non-marital romantic relationship is sometimes referred to instead as a or, especially if the two partners are living together. Because boyfriend and partner mean different things to different people, the distinctions between the terms are subjective, and which term is used in a relationship will ultimately be determined by personal preference.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: kêrel
 * Albanian: ,
 * Arabic: خَلِيل, رَفِيق
 * Moroccan Arabic: صْحاب
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: oynaş,, istəkli
 * Basque:
 * Belarusian: каха́нак, хло́пец, ся́бар, пры́яцель
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian:, ,
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 男朋友,
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:, ,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Elfdalian: tjärest, flaks
 * Esperanto: koramiko
 * Estonian:, poissõber, kavaler
 * Faroese: sjeikur
 * Finnish:, poikakaveri ,
 * French: mon/ton/son, , mon/ton/son ,  ,  ,  ,  , ,  ,  , ,
 * Galician: ,
 * Georgian: შეყვარებული, მეგობარი ბიჭი, მეგობარი კაცი
 * German: mein/dein/ihr/sein, Boyfriend, fester Freund
 * Greek:
 * Greenlandic: angutaat
 * Guaraní: kichiha
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: बॉयफ़्रेंड,,  , , पुरुष मित्र,  ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido: amoratulo
 * Interlingua: nuptio
 * Irish: stócach,
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:, , , カレシ,
 * Kapampangan: tau, irug
 * Khmer: មិត្តប្រុស
 * Korean:, ,
 * Lao: ຜູ້ບ່າວ
 * Latin:, , amīculus,
 * Lithuanian: ,
 * Louisiana Creole French: lamour, bo, kalin, boyfrìnn
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Macedonian:, дечко, пријател
 * Malagasy:
 * Malay:
 * Marathi: बॉयफ्रेंड
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: найз банди
 * Navajo: hweʼeshkii
 * Norman: galant
 * Northern Sami: irgi
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: kjærast, kjæraste
 * Persian: دوست‌پسر,
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:, ,
 * Romansch: marus
 * Russian:, , , , , , , ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: де̏чко, при̏јатељ
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovak: priateľ
 * Slovene: ,
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: pśijaśel
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:, ,
 * Tagalog: nobyo
 * Thai:
 * Tibetan: དགའ་རོགས
 * Turkish: erkek arkadaş,
 * Ukrainian:, , , , при́ятель
 * Urdu: بایفْرینْڈ, حبیب
 * Venetian: ,
 * Vietnamese: bạn trai,
 * Walloon: ,
 * Welsh: ,

 * Arabic: صَدِيق, رَفِيق, زَمِيل
 * Armenian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 男的朋友 ,
 * Czech: ,
 * Esperanto: amikiĉo, viramiko
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: un, un
 * German:
 * Hebrew:
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Italian:
 * Kapampangan: lalaking kaluguran
 * Korean: 남사친
 * Latin:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Malay:, kawan lelaki
 * Marathi: मित्र
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Venetian:
 * Volapük:

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) boyfriend

title: boyfriend


text: yasha

title: yasha


text: User:Angela

title: User:Angela


text:
Hindi

Etymology
From, from , from + Persian adjectival suffix. Not from.

Proper noun

 * 1) Modern Standard Hindi, a standardized and Sanskritized version of the Hindustani language, which is based on Khariboli.
 * 2) The Central Zone of Indo-Aryan languages. These are also spoken in Fiji, Guyana and as a second language by Indians in many other countries.
 * 3)  All the lects in the Hindi Belt, which also includes lects that do not belong to the Central Zone of Indo-Aryan languages.
 * 4)  A dialect spoken in Delhi, now known as Hindustani.

Translations

 * Afrikaans:
 * Amharic: ሕንድኛ
 * Arabic:, هِنْدِيّ
 * Gulf Arabic: هندي
 * Armenian: ,
 * Assamese: হিন্দী
 * Asturian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Basque:
 * Belarusian: хі́ндзі
 * Bengali:
 * Breton: hindeg
 * Bulgarian: хи́нди
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, 印地文
 * Corsican:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dhivehi:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: hinda
 * Estonian: hindi keel
 * Faroese: hindi
 * Fiji Hindi:
 * Fijian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ჰინდი, ჰინდი ენა
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Gujarati:
 * Hebrew: הִינְדִּית
 * Hindi:, , हिंदी भाषा, हिन्दी भाषा
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Indonesian:, bahasa Hindi
 * Irish: Hiondúis
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kannada:
 * Khmer:
 * Korean:
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:, zimanê hindî
 * Lao: ພາສາຮິນດູ
 * Latin: hindice
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Malay: Hindi, bahasa Hindi
 * Malayalam:
 * Maltese: Ħindi
 * Marathi: हिन्दी
 * Moksha: хинди
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: хинди, хинди хэл
 * Navajo: Híndoo bizaad
 * Nepali:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: hindi
 * Occitan:
 * Odia: ହିନ୍ଦୀ
 * Pashto: هندي
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Punjabi: ਹਿੰਦੀ
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Sanskrit: हिन्दीभाषा
 * Santali: ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: хинди
 * Roman: hindi
 * Sindhi: ھندي
 * Sinhalese:, හින්දි භාෂාව
 * Slovak: hindský, hindčina
 * Slovene: hindijščina
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: hindišćina
 * Upper Sorbian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili: Kihindi
 * Swedish:
 * Tajik: забони ҳиндӣ,
 * Tamil: ,
 * Tatar: хинди
 * Telugu:, హిందీ భాష
 * Thai: ภาษาฮินดู,
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: ,
 * Urdu:
 * Vietnamese:, tiếng Ấn Độ
 * Volapük:
 * Walloon: hindi
 * Welsh:
 * West Frisian: Hindy
 * Xhosa: isiHindi
 * Zulu: isiHindi

Adjective

 * 1) In or relating to the Hindi language.
 * 2)  Indian
 * 1)  Indian

Translations

 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: хиндски
 * Roman: hindski

Proper noun

 * 1) a barangay in Bacacay, Albay in the Philippines.
 * 2) Hindi or Hindustani (language)
 * 1) Hindi or Hindustani (language)

Proper noun

 * 1) Hindi language

Etymology
Ultimately from.

Proper noun

 * 1) the Hindi language

Noun

 * 1) Hindi speaker

Noun

 * 1) female Hindi speaker

title: Hindi


text:
transsexual

Etymology
. Introduced to English along with by  in 1949, based on the  word  coined by  in 1923. Popularized in the mid 1960s, around the same time that was coined; transgender had become an umbrella term and largely but not entirely displaced transsexual by the 1990s.

Adjective

 * 1)  Having changed, or being in the process of changing, physical sex (because it does not match desired sex) by undergoing medical treatment such as hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and optionally sex reassignment surgery (SRS), or rarely only SRS.

Usage notes

 * Although some authors distinguish transsexual (pertaining to physical sex) and transgender (pertaining to gender), transgender is generally taken to encompass transsexual and has largely displaced it; transsexual is now often considered outdated, although some people who have undergone SRS still prefer it; compare the usage notes at transgender. Neither term should be confused with (which see for more).

Synonyms

 * , transsexed

Descendants

 * Japanese:

Translations

 * Catalan: transexual
 * Czech: transsexuální
 * Danish: transseksuel
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: transsekseca
 * Faroese: umkyndur
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician: transexual
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Irish: trasghnéasach
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, 性別移行, 性転換
 * Maori: hinehī
 * Norman: transsexuel
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: transseksuell
 * Nynorsk: transseksuell
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

Noun

 * 1) A transsexual person.
 * , Myra Love, Reality’s Friends, excerpted in Gertrude M. James Gonzalez and Anne J. M. Mamary (editors), Cultural Activisms: Poetic Voices, Political Voices, SUNY Press (1999), ISBN 978-0-7914-3965-4, page 107:
 * He claimed that they had this wonderful and loving relationship in which the transsexual-to-be had felt that his suitor truly loved him the way he was and didn’t want him to have the surgery,
 * 1) * 2003 December 9, Kitty Fine, “How to Tell If Your Fella Wants to Be a Woman!”, in Weekly World News, ISSN 0199-574X, page 14:
 * Hundreds of women every year are taken completely by surprise when their husbands announce they want to undergo sex-change surgery — and the news is even more shocking when comes, as it often does, from a burly he-man who’d given no clue to his inner girl. ¶ But the signs are definitely there if your husband is dreaming of becoming a transsexual, says a new study by a top sexologist.
 * , anonymous, “My Husband’s Secret”, in Grandma Joy, Grandma Joy's Hope for Hurting Women: Healing the Wounds of the Past and Gaining Hope for the Future, Destiny Image Publishers (2006), ISBN 978-0-7684-2351-8, page 133:
 * He was wearing women’s clothes before he had the surgery; then, he actually became a transsexual, and they (amazingly) stayed together.
 * He was wearing women’s clothes before he had the surgery; then, he actually became a transsexual, and they (amazingly) stayed together.

Usage notes

 * See the usage note at transgender regarding the use of this type of word as a noun.

Translations

 * Arabic: مُتَحَوِّل جِنْسِيّ, مُتَحَوِّلَة جِنْسِيَّة
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish: ;
 * French: ,
 * Galician: transexual
 * German: ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: trasghnéasach
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 性転換者; 性同一性障害者, 性別移行者
 * Korean: :
 * Maori: hinehī, irawhiti
 * Norman: transsexuel, transsexuelle
 * Norwegian:
 * Persian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

 * Italian:

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) a  person

Adjective

 * 1) transsexual

Noun

 * 1) transsexual

Etymology
..

title: transsexual


text:
User talk:Webkid

Welcome to Wiktionary! Happy Wiktionary-ing! Petruk

Hi, Webkid. I just made a formatting change to iron that caused the definitions to get renumbered. Could you please check and make sure I assigned the right meaning to окови in the translations? Thanks, Ortonmc 21:52, 15 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * Thanks for checking. BTW, when you're writing notes to other users, it's generally preferred to put it on the "User Talk:" page, rather than "User:". -- Ortonmc 22:13, 16 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Hi Webkid,

I moved the Bulgarian translations you put under si to the English articles about those words. I hope you don't mind. I think it makes sense to put the translations only with the English articles, unless the meaning of the English word isn't quite the same. If we put translations under all the languages, there will be a lot of duplication of effort going on, wasting a lot of time and creating a lot of places where errors can occur. Polyglot 21:43, 14 Jan 2004 (UTC)

 * OK, I'll take this into account. Oh, and one more question. Do you mean that all the non-English words should have only English translations? For example

Reflexive pronoun

 * 1) third person and infinitive reflexive pronoun.

Examples

 * La Roma non si discute, si ama! (One doesn't discuss Rome, one loves it!)

Translations

 * English: oneself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves

Is the English translation going to stay alone?

Webkid 23:01, 14 Jan 2004 (UTC)

 * Hi Webkid,

 * Yes, the English translation with non-English words should stay alone. Otherwise there will be several duplicated blocks of text that have to be kept in sync.
 * It usually makes a lot more sense to have people click on the English word and then find all the translations there, in one central place. Try to imagine the mess with only ten languages, translated in ten languages, when an eleventh languages is added by somebody. You can count on it, this person is not going to add them in eleven places. Then somebody else comes by and adds a twelfth language in another place of course. Then consider there are thousands of languages.
 * Like it goes with rules there will be exceptions to this. When there is no direct translation to English, or (maybe) when the English translation doesn't have the exact same meaning. I wonder how we are going to have to take care of those cases. It's tricky to try and describe natural languages... Polyglot 00:25, 15 Jan 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Webkid


text:
governor

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from , of disputed origin. . ..

Noun

 * 1)  The chief executive officer of a first-level division of a country.
 * 2) * 1999, Karen O'Connor, The essentials of American government: continuity and change, page 17
 * Younger voters are more libertarian in political philosophy than older voters and are credited with the success of libertarian governor Jesse Ventura of Minnesota.
 * 1) A device which regulates or controls some action of a machine through automatic feedback.
 * 2) A member of a decision-making for an organization or entity (including some public agencies) similar to or equivalent to a board of directors (used especially for banks); a member of the board of governors.
 * 3) * Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, www.federalreserve.gov (November 6, 2009)
 * The seven members of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System are nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate.
 * 1)  Father.
 * 2)  Boss; employer; gaffer.
 * 3)  A constituent of a phrase that governs another.
 * 4)  One who has the care or guardianship of a young man; a tutor; a guardian.
 * 5)  A pilot; a steersman.
 * 1)  A constituent of a phrase that governs another.
 * 2)  One who has the care or guardianship of a young man; a tutor; a guardian.
 * 3)  A pilot; a steersman.
 * 1)  A pilot; a steersman.

Translations

 * Afrikaans:
 * Arabic: مُحَافِظ, حَاكِم, وَالٍ
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: qubernator,
 * Basque: gobernadore
 * Belarusian: губерна́тар, губерна́тарка, губэрна́тар, губэрна́тарка
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian:, губерна́торка
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Chichewa: bwanamkubwa
 * Chickasaw: minko'
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Coptic: ⲡⲁⲅⲁⲣⲭⲟⲥ, ⲉⲡⲁⲣⲭⲟⲥ
 * Czech:, guvernérka
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: reganto,, guberniento, guberniestro
 * Estonian: valitsejer, kuberner
 * Faroese: guvernørur
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician: gobernador
 * Georgian:, კატაბანი , მმართველი
 * German: ,
 * Gothic: 𐌺𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἀρχηγέτης
 * Hausa:
 * Hawaiian: kiaʻaina
 * Hebrew: מוֹשֵׁל
 * Hindi:, ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: ríkisstjóri, landstjóri, guvernör, fylkisstjóri
 * Indonesian:
 * Ingrian: gubernaattori
 * Irish: gobharnóir
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: губернатор
 * Khmer: អភិបាល,
 * Korean:, 도지사(道知事), 주지사(州知事)
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: ,
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Lao: ເຈົ້າເມືອງ, ເຈົ້າແຂວງ
 * Latin: gubernātor, gubernātrīx
 * Latvian: valdnieks, gubernators
 * Lithuanian: gubernatorius, valdytojas
 * Macedonian: губернатор
 * Malay: gabenor
 * Maori: kāwana
 * Marathi: राज्यपाल
 * Middle English: governour
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: ,
 * Mongolian: ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ, ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ
 * Navajo: naatʼáanii
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: guvernør,
 * Nynorsk: guvernør, sysselmann
 * Ojibwe: odaake-ogimaa
 * Oromo: bulchaa
 * Pashto: والي,
 * Persian:, ,
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:, governadora
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: riaghladair
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: гувѐрне̄р
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: guvernér
 * Slovene: guverner
 * Sotho: mmusi
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swahili: liwali
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: gobernador
 * Tajik: губернатор, фармондор, воли, ҳоким
 * Taos: tòbúna
 * Tatar: вали, губернатор
 * Thai: ผู้ว่าราชการ
 * Turkish: ,
 * Turkmen: häkim, gubernator
 * Ukrainian: губерна́тор, губерна́торка
 * Urdu: گورنر, حاکم
 * Uzbek:, ,
 * Vietnamese:, thống sử

 * Belarusian: рэгуля́тар
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: regulador
 * Czech: regulátor
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * Georgian: რეგულატორი
 * German:
 * Japanese: 調整器, 調速機
 * Portuguese: regulador
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: rianadair
 * Swedish:, centrifugalregulator
 * Ukrainian: регуля́тор

 * Finnish: johtokunnan jäsen
 * Turkish:

 * Finnish:

 * Finnish:

 * Finnish:

title: governor


text:
leader

Etymology
From, , from , equivalent to. Cognate with 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) Any person who leads or directs.
 * 2) One who goes first.
 * 3) One having authority to direct.
 * 4) One who leads a political party or group of elected party members;.
 * 5) A person or organization that leads in a certain field in terms of excellence, success, etc.
 * 6)  A performer who leads a band, choir, or a section of an orchestra.
 * 7)  The first violin in a symphony orchestra; the concertmaster.
 * 8)  An animal that leads.
 * 9) The dominant animal in a pack of animals, such as wolves or lions.
 * 10) an animal placed in advance of others, especially on a team of horse, oxen, or dogs
 * 11) Either of the two front horses of a team of four in front of a carriage.
 * 12) Someone or something that leads or conducts.
 * 13)  A fast-growing terminal shoot of a woody plant.
 * 14) A pipe for conducting rain water from a roof to a cistern or to the ground.
 * 15)  The first, or the principal, editorial article in a newspaper; a leading or main editorial article; a lead story.
 * 16)  A section of line between the main fishing line and the snell of a hook, intended to be more resistant to bites and harder for a fish to detect than the main fishing line.
 * 17)  A piece of material at the beginning or end of a reel or roll to allow the material to be threaded or fed onto something, as a reel of film onto a projector or a roll of paper onto a rotary printing press.
 * 18)  An intertitle.
 * 19)  A loss leader or a popular product sold at a normal price.
 * 20)  A type having a dot or short row of dots upon its face.
 * 21)  A row of dots, periods, or hyphens, used in tables of contents, etc., to lead the eye across a space to the right word or number.
 * 22)  A net for leading fish into a pound, weir, etc.
 * 23)  A branch or small vein, not important in itself, but indicating the proximity of a better one.
 * 24)  A block of hard wood pierced with suitable holes for leading ropes in their proper places.
 * 25)  The drive wheel in any kind of machinery.
 * 26)  The path taken by electrons from a cloud to ground level, determining the shape of a bolt of lightning.
 * 1) Someone or something that leads or conducts.
 * 2)  A fast-growing terminal shoot of a woody plant.
 * 3) A pipe for conducting rain water from a roof to a cistern or to the ground.
 * 4)  The first, or the principal, editorial article in a newspaper; a leading or main editorial article; a lead story.
 * 5)  A section of line between the main fishing line and the snell of a hook, intended to be more resistant to bites and harder for a fish to detect than the main fishing line.
 * 6)  A piece of material at the beginning or end of a reel or roll to allow the material to be threaded or fed onto something, as a reel of film onto a projector or a roll of paper onto a rotary printing press.
 * 7)  An intertitle.
 * 8)  A loss leader or a popular product sold at a normal price.
 * 9)  A type having a dot or short row of dots upon its face.
 * 10)  A row of dots, periods, or hyphens, used in tables of contents, etc., to lead the eye across a space to the right word or number.
 * 11)  A net for leading fish into a pound, weir, etc.
 * 12)  A branch or small vein, not important in itself, but indicating the proximity of a better one.
 * 13)  A block of hard wood pierced with suitable holes for leading ropes in their proper places.
 * 14)  The drive wheel in any kind of machinery.
 * 15)  The path taken by electrons from a cloud to ground level, determining the shape of a bolt of lightning.
 * 1)  A branch or small vein, not important in itself, but indicating the proximity of a better one.
 * 2)  A block of hard wood pierced with suitable holes for leading ropes in their proper places.
 * 3)  The drive wheel in any kind of machinery.
 * 4)  The path taken by electrons from a cloud to ground level, determining the shape of a bolt of lightning.
 * 1)  The path taken by electrons from a cloud to ground level, determining the shape of a bolt of lightning.
 * 1)  The path taken by electrons from a cloud to ground level, determining the shape of a bolt of lightning.

Translations

 * Aghwan: 𐔰𐕀𐔰𐔺𐔱𐕒𐕄𐔰𐔾
 * Albanian:, , ,
 * Amharic: መሪ
 * Arabic: قَائِد, زَعِيم, رَئِيس,, عِرْنِين
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:, öndər, ,
 * Belarusian: кіраўні́к, лі́дар, правады́р, во́дца
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian:, ,
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan: ,
 * Cherokee: ᏗᏓᏘᏂᏙᎯ
 * Chickasaw: minko'
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 領導, 領袖, 首領
 * Mandarin:, , ,
 * Czech:, , ,
 * Danish:, fører
 * Dutch:, , ,
 * Esperanto: gvidanto,
 * Estonian:, liider
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:, , ,
 * Friulian: dûs, cjâf
 * Galician:, coudel, cabedel, adail, bren, dirixente,
 * Georgian: წინამძღოლი, ლიდერი, ხელმძღვანელი, ბელადი, მეთაური, გამძღოლი
 * German:, , , , , , ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Ancient: ἡγεμών; ἡγήτωρ, ὄρχαμος
 * Guaraní: mburuvicha
 * Haitian Creole: dirijan, chèf
 * Hebrew:, מנהיגה
 * Hindi:, , ,
 * Hungarian:, , ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Irish: ceannaire, treoraí, ceann
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:, 統率者, , , , 元締め,
 * Kazakh: көшбасшы, жетекші, жолбасшы
 * Khmer:, មេការ,
 * Kikuyu: mũtongoria
 * Korean:, 리더, , 통솔자(統率者)
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish:
 * Kyrgyz:, лидер
 * Lao: ຜູ້ນຳ
 * Latgalian: vaduojs
 * Latin:, , , ductrīx; , praefectus, praepositus
 * Latvian: vadonis,, līderis
 * Lithuanian: vadovas, lyderis
 * Low German:
 * Lü: ᦂᦸᧃᧈᦀᦸᧃ, ᦕᦴᧉᦂᦸᧃᧈᦀᦸᧃ
 * Macedonian: водач, лидер
 * Malay:, pemimpin
 * Maore Comorian: mukizi mbeli
 * Maori: tātāriki, poutoko, hautū, kaihautū , kaitaki, kaitakitaki, manukura, kaitātaki, kaingārahu , ihorei, poutoko, kaiarataki, pā whakawairua , manukura, kahika
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: ,
 * Navajo: naatʼáanii
 * Ngazidja Comorian: mtawalifu, mhuu
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:, fører
 * Occitan: líder,
 * Ojibwe: ogimaa
 * Old Church Slavonic:
 * Cyrillic: вождь
 * Old East Slavic: вожь
 * Old English: lādtēow
 * Oromo: geggeessaa
 * Ossetian: фӕтӕг
 * Ottoman Turkish: رئیس, قوجه
 * Pashto:, , , ليډر,
 * Persian:
 * Iranian Persian:, , , ,
 * Polish:, , ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Quechua:
 * Romanian:, ,
 * Russian:, , , , , , ,
 * Sanskrit:, ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: ceannard
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: во̏ђа, ли́дер
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovak: vodca
 * Slovene:
 * Southern Altai: башкараачы
 * Spanish:, , ,
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog: pamuno
 * Tajik: роҳбар, лидер, пишво
 * Tamil:
 * Tatar:
 * Telugu:
 * Thai:, ,
 * Tigrinya: መራሒ
 * Tok Pisin: bigman
 * Tongan: taki
 * Turkish:, , , ,
 * Turkmen: ýolbaşçy, serdar, lider,
 * Ukrainian:, вождь, лі́дер
 * Urdu: رَہْنُما, لِیڈَر,, سَرْدار, رَہْبَر, قائِد, رَئِیس, پیشْوا
 * Uyghur: رەھبەر
 * Uzbek:, , ,
 * Vietnamese: (領導)
 * Volapük:
 * Yiddish: פֿירער, פֿירערין, אָנפֿירער, אָנפֿירערין, הויפּט
 * Zulu: umholi, inhloko

 * Belarusian: важа́к
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Latvian: barvedis
 * Russian:
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: вожа́к

 * Bulgarian: водосто́чна тръба́
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Macedonian: олук
 * Polish:
 * Russian: водосто́чная труба́
 * Thai:, รางน้ำ

 * Bulgarian: у́водна ста́тия
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Greek: κύριο άρθρο
 * Macedonian: воведен напис
 * Manx: ard-art
 * Polish: artykuł wstępny, edytorial,
 * Russian:

 * Georgian:

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  (chief; one in front)

title: leader