text:
User talk:--Stranger/template

template creation

English
BEGINNING MATERIAL

Etymology
(don’t include this section if blank)
 * 1) etymology one
 * 2) etymology two

Pronunciation
word
 * (UK) SAMPA:/pronunciation/
 * IPA:/pronunciation/

Homophones
(example: the entry for "right" would list the homophones "rite" and "write")

Rhymes

 * rhymes:English

PART OF SPEECH

Adjective
word (comparative: worder and superlative: most word) florinela_condoiu@yahoo.com

Intransitive Verb
hrunk (third person: hrunks, present: hrunking, past: hrunked, past participle: hrunked)

 * 1) To flrink with cumplus.

Noun
word (plural words)

 * 1) A person who furps. (perhaps in paratheses after definition reference etymology one and/or pronunciation one)
 * Quotations
 * Text of quotation using the English noun form properly
 * 1) Second definition
 * 2) third definition

Proper Noun
Definition classification

ENDING MATERIAL

Synonyms
(List words with same meaning) or: also see: WikiSaurus
 * (definition-summary-1): syn1, syn2
 * (def-sum2): alphabetical order and separated by commas, wikifying each synonym
 * synonym (definition~number)

Also See

 * miscellaneous

Derived terms
(list words that have this word in their etymologies)

Related terms
(list words that are morphologically related) (example: "morphology" lists "morph")

German
definition summary
 * French: french-word gender-m-f-n-c=common
 * German: german-word m-f-n-c

Category Material
CATEGORY MATERIAL

To Add/Refine
TO ADD/REFINE

Hi Sally and welcome to Wiktionary.

Please take a look at the changes I've made to chocolate. Unfortunately due to the concise nature of the heading labels it's not obvious enough what they are intended for. Here is a brief rundown:

Derived terms:

Words, phrases, idioms created by adding prefixes, suffixes, or extra words to the headword.

Related terms:

Words, phrases, idioms which are lexically related, not semantically related. This is for words with common roots, etymology, etc which do not fit in the Derived category which is in one way a specialised subsection of Related terms.

See also:

Words, phrases, idioms which are of interest in any way shape or form to any subset of people who might look at the current article. Semantic relationships are best included here.

Let me know if you need clarification and keep up the good work. — Hippietrail 6 July 2005 02:07 (UTC)

Hi Hippietrail! Thanks so much for the clarification!! I will keep these in mind, and try to go back and fix the ones I already put in. Another question relating to this... sometimes, the list of these terms gets quite long. Is it okay to split into 3 columns (like I have done with chocolate), or is there a policy on this? — Sally Ku 6 July 2005 02:24 (UTC) Actually I really liked the 3-column layout and hope nobody objects. Some wiktionaries just put them all inline with no list but I find that too difficult. The 3-column approach (2-columns would also work for many articles) seems to be a very nice middle ground. There is probably no policy yet but a bit of experimentation is tolerated here most of the time. — Hippietrail

6 July 2005 02:43 (UTC)

HT
English template

Pronunciation

 * /ˈflipˌflop/, /"flIp%flQp/

Homophones

 * whizz

Etymology
Some ancient tongue

Noun
term (plural: termata)

 * 1) a thing

Antonyms

 * different

Related terms

 * related to the noun

Translations

 * Lingua: word g
 * Schmingua: word (romanization)

Verb
eat (ate, eaten)

 * 1) do something

Related terms

 * related to the verb

Translations

 * Lingua: ingest

Adjective
pink (pinker, pinkest)

 * 1) like such and such

Related terms

 * related to the adjective

Translations

 * Lingua: rosio m, rosia f

Related terms

 * related but not known to which form

Romanization

 * Yale: fóo bár (foo2 bar2)

鬼佬

 * 1) blah blah blah.

Translations
Japanese: 外人 (fūbā)

Thanks for the link from WS:ELE. It does make this easier to find. --Connel MacKenzie 22:37, 11 July 2005 (UTC)

[edit] see also We'll be wanting to put in somewhere the see also for the capitalisation

[edit] opinions Here are a few thought which you are welcome to shoot down. There's probably a more appropriate place, but I'm putting it here because it applies at least to this article.

Like the rest of the site, the article seems to lack an audience, although the error isn't as egrigious as with other pages. In fact this is probably the most useful of any resource. But even this page could be tailored further.

Who's our audience? Admittedly not much more than a guess, I'd break people down into the following groups, starting with the base of the pyramid:

Wikipedia users These are people who use the resource as a dictionary. They judge the dictionary against others, whether printed, online, free, commercial, or in their fantasies. They're impatient and ill informed. They're the reason we're here. This group needs to know how to use Wiktionary. For instance, entering search words in lower case is pretty standard. Sure, they may need the obvious, but that can be reserved for a failed search page. It's confusing to provide a long history of the change and how it impacts not them. This group would want to know how to use the pronunciation key, especially as it pertains to English. In some cases they may need a more complete chart. However, they don't want to be led to long discussions about the differences between IPA and SAMPA and benefits thereof. They need to know how to get the characters to display correctly on their browsers. They make comments in the most accessible places, e.g. the talk page of individual entries. If they offer information about actual use and applicability to their needs, they shouldn't be scolded for putting it in the wrong place, stating it as a complaint, or being flat wrong. They're not going to find an answer to their question in the middle of someone's treatise or pretty much in any document more than one click away. They should know that the content can be edited, and when they try to do so they should be provided with the most basic resources: a statement about the license and copyrighted works, a guide for style ("This is a dictionary," etc.), a current guide for layout, and a secondary guide for more obscure questions about markup, etc. Typical contributor These are English speakers, usually registered, who add the bulk of content to the English site. Mere users at one time, they have become involved with the project. They are more likely than occassional contributors to rely on resources such as the secondary guide above, and may need some clarification on rare or ambiguous issues. They are more likely to raise questions about the language and even provide feedback for others. They are more likely than occassional contributors to start a new page, but they don't need a lesson on parts of speech to determine that their word isn't a preposition. They're encouragable and want to know how to satisfactorily complete a page. It should be easy for them to learn about using the templates and categories provided for them. They shouldn't be led to guides on how to create useless new categories if they aren't aware of the policies, although the more technically oriented will stray into these areas. Most won't be interested in hammering out policy, but all will have specific issues on which they'll want to be heard. Translators These are typical contributors placed in a different class because they have an extended set of goals, issues, and resources that most contributors don't need to muddle with. Of course, they are part of the same community, if other communities as well. Knowledgable users The audience I'm trying to persuade. Vandals The obvious. Luckily, this is the smallest group. In short, it has taken too much reading to familiarize myself with the basics of this community and the mechanisms of this project, and I want to implement changes to streamline that process. Davilla 20:18, 28 July 2005 (UTC)

ELE2
Part of speech In identifying the part of speech of an entry, such as one of the following. Numerous others are possible. Note that they are entered in alphabetic order.

Article (example: the) Adjective (quick) Adverb (quickly) Conjunction (and, because) Idiom (great minds think alike) Interjection (wow) Measure word (used in Asian languages) Noun (dollar, money) Number Cardinal number (twelve), Ordinal number (twelfth) Particle (used especially in Asian languages) Phrase (used for set phrases or phrasebook entries) Preposition (from) Postposition (used in some languages) Pronoun (we, this, my) Proper noun (Antarctica) Verb Action words (to kill, to die) [edit] Inflections and standard forms These appear on the line immediately following the part of speech, and are without bullet or indentation.

A bolded example to show normal capitalization. Inflections if any, particularly if these are irregular, or prone to other uncertainties such as whether consonants should be doubled. See the reference page on English inflections to find out what "regular" inflections are. For words in some foreign languages this may be a small table. Verb examples should be in the infinitive ("to ____", e.g. "to walk") unless this is an article about an inflected form (in which case, provide a link to the infinitive form). List inflections wikified also on same line. For several inflected languages there are templates that will generate the inflections from the stem, that will save you having to type out the inflections, and label each of them, longhand. For adjectives and adverbs, give the comparative and superlative forms (when applicable), especially if they are irregular. [edit] Definitions These are listed, and soft numbered, in an order that takes into account the age and frequency of the usage. Some usages derive from other; and this makes it impossible to firmly prescribe the order in which these should be shown. An inflection or spelling variant is adequately defined by so indicating. Thus "(past participle) of ...", or "variant spelling of ... as the case may be.

template
all English categories start with a capital letter

Just a minor point - in headings, the convention here is to capitalise only the first word. So it's "Proper noun" rather than "Proper Noun".

WS:ELE, the parts of speech headings go alphabetically

a real definition for an inflected form would read:

hrunked# past tense of hrunk >>>

more headings - user suggested:

words: Synonyms: Words which mean the same in some context. e.g. close is a synonym of shut. Antonyms: Words meaning the opposite in some context. e.g. big is an antonym of little Attribs: A noun for which the adjective expresses value e.g. big is an attribute of size. Type of: Shows less specific words. e.g. a comedy is a type of play Types: Shows more specific words. e.g. flower has daisy as one of its types Parts: Shows words for part of an object. e.g. tree is one of the parts of a forest Part of: Shows words for a collection or the whole. e.g. bumper is a part of a car Similar: Words with meanings that are close. e.g. big is similar to huge See also: Phrases that include the word. e.g. for get, see also get ahead, get along, get on, get over Causes: A verb X causes Y if X denotes the causation of the state or activity referred to by Y. (An action tending toward a particular end.) Entails: A verb X entails Y if X cannot be done unless Y is, or has been, done. - These are relations between two verbs, indicating that the action denoted by one verb necessarily precedes, or follows the action denoted by the other verb. To "awake" entails to "sleep", because it is not possible to awake without first sleeping. In order to "travel" it is necessary to "move". (Have as a logical consequence.)

False or Folk etymologies.

Also a "Phrases containing" and "Related phrases" headers might be useful (e.g. gluttony -> "eaten out of house and home").

"Often used in the same context:", "Appears in the definition of:"

"Contains" for related words (e.g. "raindrops" contains "rain") Anagrams unnecessary but fun

"Synonyms", "antonyms" and "see also" are already being used. The problem with the other relational headings lieas as much in the subjectivity of their interpretation, and whether people will actually use them. Some are already built into the definitions, and that would make those headers redundant. Those which require cataloguing elements of a set strike me as beyond the scope of this project. Whlle their are some interesting innovations in the sites that you cite, I don't think that the software is yet able to handle that kind of diagrammatic approach. Eclecticology 20:34, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC) Have you looked at the WordWeb program? What

>>>

>>>

Forms and Variants
having the only exception being translation headers (but they would be consistently at level 4

etc. --Connel MacKenzie 20:24, 6 May 2005 (UTC) >>>

by anon:

"beginner's entry layout" (Language, word, definition, and wikipedia link?) , "moderate user's entry layout" (etymolygy, pronunciation, synomyns, and quotes?) and "advanced user's entry layout" (everything else). .

>>>

use (italics) bullet-space-definitionsummary-space-synonmy- don’t use definition numbers because they might change

its up to the advanced users to make allowances for the newbie, and make “fool proof” rules

>>> >>>

audio
Connel, could you please take a quick look at aisle and admit and tell me if I'm on the right track formatting/uploading/license-wise, preferably *before* I do another 150(0) edits? Do we have a convention yet for which comes first, IPA/SAMPA or audio? Thanks! --Dvortygirl 23:18, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC) I don't know of a conention yet for which comes first...but I would think the audio should probably come after? Otherwise, yes, this does look great >>>

mulch
to look at for template info: word "mulching" from the article mulch? Mulching has its own entry in the Wiktionary and in my opinion it's not a mistake. It's not just a participle from mulch. Marac 8 July 2005 10:38 (UTC) Yes, mulch should (and does) link to mulching, as an inflected form of to mulch (verb.) Having it listed as a regular inflection, there really is no point in listing it again as a derivation. If you want to put it back in there, I'll try to not remove it...but it is redundant. --Connel MacKenzie 8 July 2005 15:52 (UTC) Oh, you're right. I just didn't notice it is already listed as a regular inflection. I thought you removed the only reference to "mulching". >>>

>>> It's an Idiom. By the way, we don't pipe links over here normally. So I changed responsibility to responsibility. Cheers. SemperBlotto 08:03, 27 Mar 2005 (UTC) >>> Could I make a couple of requests of you, please? Can you list alternative forms under a heading enclosed in sets of four equals signs rather than as the respelling of the entry? So, for example, "get someone's goat", which can also be "get somebody's goat", might look like this:

English Intransitive verb phrase get someone's goat

Alternative forms get somebody's goat Could you then create a redirect page for each of the alternative form(s) to the form you have created, which would look like this (without the "nowiki" tags): Creating the redirect pages means that no one will come along and duplicate your work by creating a page for "get somebody's goat", which would rapidly get out of synch with "get someone's goat".
 * 1) REDIRECT get someone's goat

Hello Ncik,

I am comforted to see you adapting to some of the general practices around here. In the conversation you started over at WS:BP#Part_of_speech, it pretty clearly (to me) says that "===Idiom===" is a very good way to identify idioms. There are not many exceptions to the PoS rule, but the ones we have (Idiom, Phrase, Proper noun, Acronym, etc.) are quite well established. Idioms, in particular, can fit in as several different PoS; "Idiom" is a better grouping for them.

I'm glad we got to hear from a few others, on the BP, about it.

--Connel MacKenzie 21:52, 9 August 2005 (UTC)

What the heck are you talking about? You just reverted my latest, only recent, edit of eat one's own dog food in which I changed the PoS from "Idiom" to "Verb". I oppose headers like "Idiom", "Phrase", "Proper noun", "Abbreviation", "Transitive verb", etc. and shall not use them. Ncik 10:56, 10 August 2005 (UTC) I was talking about some of your other recent edits. "Idiom" is clearly preferred by everyone else here at Wiktionary. --Connel MacKenzie 13:46, 10 August 2005 (UTC) Dvortygirl, one of the main contributors to Category:Idioms, uses proper PoS headers. Ncik 13:52, 10 August 2005 (UTC) I don't know that we have a firm policy on this matter yet, but I can certainly explain how I catalog idioms. If I can clearly identify the part(s) of speech, I do. I think it is a far more useful piece of information than "Idiom," which usually appears elsewhere in the article, anyway. Occasionally, though, idioms consist of phrases that are not so well-behaved or obvious (to me, at least), in which case I do fall back on, which inserts "Idiom" as a heading. In either case, I make a particular effort in idiom articles to compose an example sentence or two for each definition, so that somebody unfamiliar with the expression can see how to use it. --Dvortygirl 17:06, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:--Stranger/template


text:
User:Allan

Me
I'm fairly new to this. Be nice to me.

There are a lot of people in the world who devote huge amounts of time to various Wiktionary projects. My goal is to make that effort go as far as possible.

I'm working on a number of 'bots to make things happen quicker. If you have any comments about the wisdom or otherwise of these, please add them to my talk page.

The Sub-editor 'bot
By expressing the Entry Layout Explained guidelines as a formal grammar, the Sub-editor 'bot will spot, and in many cases fix, articles which deviate. In the process, it will fix a number of inter-article links:
 * 1) If a plural or other inflected form is given, it will make sure that an article exists for this form.
 * 2) If article "A" has a reference to article "B" as a "see also", "synonym", "related term", "alternative spelling" etc, then the bot will ensure that B links to A in the same way.

If there are any other processes which you think should be automated in this way, feel free to suggest them.

The Webster 'bot
There are a lot of words in the copyright-expired 1913 edition of Webster which are not yet articles in Wiktionary. Even where we have articles, there is content in Webster (e.g. etymology and quotations) from which Wiktionary would benefit. The idea is to run a bot which brings in "missing" content (fully wikified, as far as possible), while leaving all existing wikt content intact. The bot is being written in a fairly general way, so that it may be used for other sources (or other languages) in the future.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Allan


text:
Rhymes:English/uːlz

Pronunciation
,, /-u:lz/

title: Rhymes:English/uːlz


text:
Rhymes:English/uːmz

Pronunciation
-o͞omz, /-uːmz/, /-u:mz/

One syllable

 * Coombs

title: Rhymes:English/uːmz


text: amock

title: amock


text:
Rhymes:English/uːnz

Pronunciation
-o͞onz, /-uːnz/, /-u:nz/

One syllable

 * Tunes (brand of cough sweets)
 * TUNES

Two syllables

 * The Goons

title: Rhymes:English/uːnz


text:
Rhymes:English/uːps

Pronunciation
,

One syllable

 * hoops
 * oops (one pronunciation)
 * troops
 * whoops (one pronunciation)

title: Rhymes:English/uːps


text:
Sahel

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * , between the Sahara to the north and a more humid zone (Sudan) to the south.

Translations

 * Armenian: Սահել
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 薩赫勒
 * Esperanto: Sahelo
 * Finnish:
 * Georgian: საჰელი
 * German: ,
 * Greek: Σαχέλ
 * Japanese: サヘル
 * Korean: 사헬
 * Moore: sayɛlle
 * Portuguese: Sael,
 * Russian: Сахель
 * Spanish: Sahel
 * Thai: ซาเฮล
 * Ukrainian: Сахель

Etymology
From.

Etymology
Ultimately from.

title: Sahel


text:
arguendo

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1)  for the sake of argument; assuming without deciding; identifying the premises of a hypothetical argument while making it clear that no finding is being made on whether the premises are true.
 * 2) * 1978, Matter of Green, 586 F. 2d 1247 - U.S. Court of Appeals, 8th Circuit
 * Assuming arguendo that those assertions are factually true, we find respondent's claim to be without legal merit.

Usage notes

 * Used after the word it modifies, due to the influence of Latin grammar: assuming arguendo not *arguendo assuming.

title: arguendo


text: Sahelzone

title: Sahelzone


text:
Talk:its

Here's a great example of shooting oneself in the foot:

 * The belief that its derived from it's or was a contraction of some longer form, or that it bears any relationship to the possessive apostrophe-s, are common misapprehensions.

 * First, if you're going to prescribe, get your own house in order. The copula are here links "The belief ... apostrophe-s [sic]", which is singular, to the plural "common misapprehensions".  Fixing this by changing "are common misapprehensions" to "is a common misapprehension" still leaves an awkward sentence, which tries to talk about two different notions as "The belief that [notion 1] or [notion 2]."  The sentence would need to be recast, correcting "apostrophe-s" along the way.
 * Second, there is no such thing as a possessive apostrophe per se. The apostrophe was originally used solely to indicate omitted letters, which is why you see it in Shakespeare indicating that, for example, "look'd" is to be pronounced as one syllable, while "looked" may be pronounced as two.  Just as the -ed suffix has shortened over time, the genitive -es has as well.  Chaucer writes of the Knight that "Ful worthy was he in his lordes werre" where we would now say "Full worthy was he in his lord's war," or more likely "He was fully worthy in his lord's war."  Note that in this case we know by the rules of iambic pentameter that the "es" was pronounced as a full syllable, whereas in modern English it is not.  In short, the apostrophe in posessive forms is very closely linked to the apostrophe in contractions.  The possessive suffix 's derives from this, but it's the suffix, and not the apostrophe, that indicates possession.

Since the sentence in question just tries to amplify the advice of "don't use it's for the possessive" but without adding anything substantive to the discussion, I'm just going to remove it.

Frankly, I'm not entirely sure where the possessive its comes from. It's clearly a modern formation. Old and Middle English have hit for it (still retained in some American dialects in some contexts), with genitive his (not retained, to my limited knowledge). There is no older form like ittes or hittes to contract down to it's.

Shakespeare doesn't seem to use it's, though most editions you see will have modernized the orthography. For example, working from a facsimile of Antony and Cleopatry from the first folio, starting around line 1381, it appears that it is used by itself as a possessive, as in "It is iust so high as it is, and mooues with it owne organs." Caveat: I haven't checked every play.

It appears that what's really going on here is that, sometime relatively recently, the convention was adopted that its would indicate the possessive and it's would indicate the contraction. This was pretty clearly done on the basis of similarity to his/her/our/etc., but this is clearly just a handy mnemonic and not the consequence of some fundamental principle. Interestingly, this convention does not apply to one's. I would expect that this distinction only started to be made when it's began to supplant 'tis, but it would be very interesting to have more specific evidence.

Unfortunately for us here, this is one case where paper has a major advantage over bits. If you look at a paper copy, you can be pretty sure that no one has helpfully "corrected" the orthography in the process of conversion. -dmh 15:11, 12 August 2005 (UTC)

Corrected examples
I replaced the examples "this is its space ship" and "this book is its" because they did not in any way help the reader understand the usage. --SteveG23 14:46, 9 March 2007 (UTC)

Its as a possessive adjective or possesive pronoun, debatable
I would find the explanation why its supposedly lacks an apostrophe erroneous, accordingly online etymology 'its' derived from a contamination of 'it's' which itself came to replace the old neuter possessive pronoun 'his' which became solely masculine. (cf German and Dutch and most Germanic languages having the same genitive case for masculine and neuter), the simple reason that 'its' has no such apostrophe is convention of a contamination becoming widespread and etymologically it's incorrect use. Factual inaccuracies aside, I also find it subjectively debatable that 'its' is a possessive pronoun or adjective, rather, I find it to be a simple possessive noun phrase like 'John's' or 'The King's', this is how it started and it still functions grammatically like that. One for instance cannot say 'Those eyes of its' but one can say 'Those eyes of mine' or 'of his' et cetera, as one also cannot say 'Those eyes of The King's.' 213.84.222.243 19:26, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

 * As you can see below, I also am not really satisfied with the explanation of its's apostrophelessness (forgive me, couldn't resist) in the "Usage notes" section. In my opinion, the "Etymology" section, presenting the same facts, hits precisely the right tone: This is how the word is spelled.  Here's a hint of an explanation, but mostly that's just how it is..  In contrast, the "Usage notes" comes off a little high-handed: You should have known this is how the word is spelled; the logic is inescapable.  The logic is not inescapable.  If it were, then one's would also be spelled without an apostrophe.  The apostrophelessness of "its" is simply a spelling convention, but it is not one that is forced by any profound laws of grammar or orthography.

 * That having been said, I have no trouble with the phrase "those eyes of the king's" or "those eyes of Henry's". ACW 01:17, 2 March 2010 (UTC)

Etymology, usage
Here are a couple of vaguely-related notes.

Regarding etymology, I'm convinced that the OED has more information, but I'm not near my copy to check on it. I'm sure we could shed light on this by reading the OED's entry carefully.

Regarding usage, we are all accustomed to the stricture that spelling "its" with an apostrophe is flat-out wrong. It turns out, though, that this stricture is fairly modern. Reputable printers published works with possessive "it's" well into the 19th century. Right now I'm reading Frances Burney's Cecilia, (late 18th century) and the spelling "it's" is used throughout.

I fail to follow the logic in the first bulleted item of the Usage section:

 * its: is the possessive form of it:. its: therefore does not take an apostrophe to indicate possession as it is already a possessive term, similar to his: and hers:.

"Henry's" is certainly the possessive form of "Henry". It is already a possessive term; according to the logic above, it shouldn't need an apostrophe. I'm not arguing with the conclusion: it's certainly an error in modern usage to spell "its" with an apostrophe. I'm just saying that one cannot reason one's way to that conclusion; it's a contingent fact of history, not a logical necessity. ACW 14:16, 25 February 2010 (UTC)

 * I agree and I have accordingly deleted the point. Jnestorius 15:14, 10 February 2011 (UTC)

Usage as a pronoun other than a possessive pronoun?
In the "pronoun" section, the text implies it can be used as either a possessive pronoun or a pronoun in general. I am not aware of any use of its as a pronoun other than as a possessive pronoun, e.g.:
 * A: (to B, who is holding a dog of unknown gender): I'll get the cat's dish, you get its.

Is there such a usage? Facts707 17:42, 10 May 2010 (UTC)

 * It's hard to search for examples, but I've found one by googling "its but" and cited it. Jnestorius 15:15, 11 February 2011 (UTC)

 * A few more from the British National Corpus:
 * Argentina, during the Peronist regime, had mistakenly thought that fusion was its for the asking.
 * Unlike Sun, which is only supplying Solaris 2.1 with its machines, Tatung is bundling its with Solaris 1.1 and selling Solaris 2.1 as an option.
 * Perhaps we should consider publishing details of the many failures in Conservative councils throughout the country, and not least in the borough in which this House is situated which, while exporting its homeless to other authorities, appears to be guilty of the illegal sale of houses that were not its to sell in the first place
 * The winners were the Gaullist Rally for the Republic (RPR) which increased its representation from 126 to 247 and the centre-right Union for French Democracy (UDF) which increased its from 131 to 213.
 * See also w:Talk:Possessive adjective
 * Jnestorius 13:57, 12 February 2011 (UTC)

not used without a noun
Its and one’s are not used without nouns --Backinstadiums (talk) 12:31, 4 December 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:its


text:
User talk:Sarefo

Hallo Sarefo,

I see you are adding a lot of German words. That's great. The English Wiktionary has page capitalization switched off now though, so I would like to ask you to put German nouns where they belong: on the pages with capitalized titles. You can overwrite the redirects. For an example take a look at regal, Regal. Vielen Dank! Polyglot 15:13, 12 August 2005 (UTC)

creepycrawlies
Hi there. I wonder if you could provide just a little more of a definition rather than just a taxonomic classification. I have been adding a few words to most of them - just enough to point out their differences. SemperBlotto 22:17, 23 September 2005 (UTC)

Two points regarding your edits
I reverted your edit of Elf: For multiple etymologies, please use the headers ===Etymology 1===, ===Etymology 2=== ,...

Give proper definitions of German (foreign language, in gerneral) words and add the English translations in the Translations section, rather than putting the translations in the definitions section and adding the definitions in parentheses (as you did on Zicke and Schnecke).

Good work otherwise. Ncik 02:17, 25 November 2005 (UTC)

Invitation to contribute
Hi,

You might or might not already be aware that there is now a new system in place for marking translations that need to be checked (those that are suspected of being incorrect or those where it is not clear which sense(s) of a word the translations apply to). (See Beer_parlour for the Beer parlour discussion on this topic.)

Translations to be checked are now categorised by language. For example, Category:Translations_to_be_checked_(French) contains a list of all words where French translations need to be checked. This is designed to make the checking of these translations easier to maintain and work with.

I'm contacting everyone who has either expressed an interest in working on translations or has indicated in Babel that they have a good knowledge of a particular foreign language or languages.

Would you be interested in helping out with the translations to be checked for German? If so, please read the page on how to check translations.

If you want to reply to this message, please do so on my talk page. Thanks for your help you can provide.

— Paul G 10:57, 11 March 2006 (UTC)

Lojbanized
Could you give us a definition for Lojbanized or even Lojbanized spelling please. SemperBlotto 21:59, 20 October 2008 (UTC)
 * huh, to be honest i just copied this phrase from existing entries :). i'll try my best. --Sarefo 22:49, 20 October 2008 (UTC)

Related terms, and etymologies.
Hi Sarefo,

Two things to keep in mind:

 * 1) The "Related terms" section is for etymologically related terms. For example, metal: and mettle: are related terms, because they come from the same Middle English word; gismu: and cmavo: are not related terms, because they don't have that sort of relationship. (If you wish, you can put semantically-related terms in a "See also" section.)
 * 2) We generally don't want etymologies to take up too much vertical space, since then readers have to scroll more. (I know it sounds silly, but visitors to a Web site generally scroll as little as possible while accomplishing their goal, and if they have to scroll too much on one site, they'll leave it and find a different one.)

I've edited [[gismu]] to give you an idea what I mean.

Thanks! —Ruakh TALK 00:22, 18 November 2008 (UTC)

 * 1. ah damn :( i specifically removed "See also"-headings, referring to About_Lojban. While reading it a second time, i now see that there seem to be two contradicting messages in this page about "See also".
 * I originally copied the page from one of the other "About " pages and edited it. The "See also" header, as distinct from the "See also" at the top of the page, wasn't in it, and it still isn't clear in ELE what it's for. I just added it.PierreAbbat 02:52, 13 September 2009 (UTC)

 * 2. About the etymologies: i think in this special case (lojban), the etymologies should stay as i made them. lojban is a constructed language, and the way i highlighted the letters that went into the final word it is very easy to see what is going on. this is not the case with the reduced format you proposed. i put a lot of work into this list, and would really like to talk this through before somebody essentially reverts this. i think people that want to look up a lojban word have an innate ability to use a scroll wheel, so that should not be a problem :) yes, it's always a trade-off, but in this case i'm quite convinced the at maximum 6 extra lines are well worth it. --Sarefo 09:30, 18 November 2008 (UTC)

canko
Hi, in this edit you seem to label some Hindi as Spanish - or is this me just mis-reading what you've put? Conrad.Irwin 01:06, 2 January 2009 (UTC)

 * ooops thanks for noticing! :) i'm in the last throes of adding the 1300 gismu etymologies, should be finished tomorrow. cheers! --Sarefo 01:34, 2 January 2009 (UTC)
 * No problem, keep up the good work! Conrad.Irwin 01:48, 2 January 2009 (UTC)

Template:jbo-cmavo
All cmavo have selma'o. Many, but not all, have rafsi. I think that the inflection line should indicate the selma'o, with a link, so that one can look at "What links here" on e.g. ko'a and see all the cmavo be le mintu. PierreAbbat 21:46, 12 September 2009 (UTC)

Etymology section
I'm confused by the etymology section you added for cokcu. I see you have a template for this on your user page. The etymology means the derivation of the word. Is this supposed to be translations? --BB12 (talk) 06:07, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * lojban gismu are produced by an algorithm, using the words from the world's most common languages to synthesize a new word. The bolded letters are the ones from the source words that ended up in the gismu. "Almost all Lojban gismu are constructed from pieces of words drawn from other languages, specifically Chinese, English, Hindi, Spanish, Russian, and Arabic, the six most widely spoken natural languages. For a given concept, words in the six languages that represent that concept were written in Lojban phonetics. Then a gismu was selected to maximize the recognizability of the Lojban word for speakers of the six languages by weighting the inclusion of the sounds drawn from each language by the number of speakers of that language." --Sarefo (talk) 20:31, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Oh, thank you so much for the explanation. (It's very interesting, too.) I'm sorry I bothered you! --BB12 (talk) 20:55, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

title: User talk:Sarefo


text:
Zoni

Etymology
. Zone is short for (“Soviet occupation zone”), the common West German name for the GDR before 1970 (and a colloquial name after it).

Noun

 * 1)  a citizen of the former German Democratic Republic (GDR)

title: Zoni


text:
DDR

Usage notes
The code was deprecated in favour of on the reunification of.

Noun

 * 1)  Double-data-rate computer RAM.
 * 1)  Double-data-rate computer RAM.

Proper noun

 * 1)  East Germany

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Proper noun

 * 1)  (German Democratic Republic, GDR)

Etymology
From, the German name of the state, abbreviated from.

Proper noun

 * 1) GDR German Democratic Republic, East Germany

Proper noun

 * 1)   (German Democratic Republic, GDR)

Etymology
From, initialism of.

title: DDR


text:
pinna

Etymology
From. .

Pronunciation

Noun

 * 1)  The visible part of the ear that resides outside of the head, the auricle; outer ear excluding the ear canal.
 * 2)  A leaflet or primary segment of a pinnate compound leaf.
 * 3)  A feather, wing, fin, or other similar appendage.
 * 1)  A feather, wing, fin, or other similar appendage.

Translations

 * Arabic: صِيوَان اَلْأُذْن
 * Aragonese: orella, auricula, pavellón auricular, pavellón autitivo
 * Asturian:
 * Bavarian: Ohrwaschl, Oahwasche
 * Bulgarian: ушна́ ми́да
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan: pavelló auricular,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:
 * Dutch: /
 * Esperanto: aŭriklo
 * Extremaduran: oreya
 * Finnish:
 * French:, pavillon de l’oreille
 * Galician:, pavillón auricular
 * German:, äußeres Ohr
 * Greek: πτερύγιο ωτός
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Ido:
 * Ingrian: korvalehti
 * Interlingua: auricula
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Korean: 귓바퀴, 외이
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: perrê guhê
 * Ladino: oreja
 * Latvian: gliemežnīca
 * Lithuanian: kaušelis
 * Luxembourgish: Ouermuschel
 * Macedonian: ушна школка
 * Maori: harore
 * Mirandese: oureilha
 * Norwegian: øremusling,
 * Ottoman Turkish: خیمه
 * Polish:, ucho zewnętrzne
 * Portuguese:, pavilhão auditivo
 * Russian:, вне́шнее у́хо
 * Serbo-Croatian:, ušna školjka
 * Slovak: ušnica
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish: pabellón auricular,, pinna
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: вушна́ ра́ковина
 * Vietnamese: loa tai
 * Welsh: godre'r glust
 * Zazaki: keçey goşi

 * German: Fiederblatt

 * German:, ,

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) spoke of a wheel, e.g. in a bicycle
 * 2)  tiller
 * 3)  sound post dowel inside an instrument of violin family
 * 4)  point unit of scoring in a game or competition
 * 5)  temper, nerve, fuse in the sense of losing one's temper
 * 6)  percent
 * 1)  percent
 * 1)  percent
 * 1)  percent

Noun

 * 1) fin
 * 2) flipper

Etymology
, could be a merger of two etymons:
 * in the sense "fin", from, cognate to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬;
 * in other senses, a dialectal form of with either pre-nasal (as in ) or post-labial (as in ) raising, from, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) a fin
 * 2) a merlon, cop
 * 3)  a peg, pin, bolt
 * 1)  a peg, pin, bolt

Usage notes

 * Senses (2), (3) and (4) are not found for the form.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) pen writing instrument

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) feather
 * 2) pen
 * 3) fin

title: pinna


text:
indien

Etymology 1
, with dien representing the now obsolete masculine dative/accusative case of.

Conjunction

 * 1)  if

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Indian related to India
 * 2) Indian related to Amerinds

Noun

 * 1) Indian Amerind

Adjective

 * 1) Indian (of or relating to India)

Noun

 * 1) Indian (person)

title: indien


text:
GDR

Translations

 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: Saksa DV
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Malay: RDJ
 * Polish:
 * Romanian: RDG, Republica Democrată Germană
 * Russian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: NDR
 * Spanish: RDA
 * Swedish: ,
 * Turkish: ,
 * Ukrainian:

title: GDR


text:
Rhymes:English/uːts

Pronunciation
-o͞ots, /-uːts/, /-u:ts/

One syllable

 * Boots
 * Boots

title: Rhymes:English/uːts


text:
Ossi

Etymology
From a diminutive of, and ; possibly in eastern Finland also of  (compare 🇨🇬).

Etymology
Originally a humorous reinterpretation of based on German. The English word is not widely known in Germany, however.

Noun
or

 * 1)  Easterner; a person from (former) East Germany;

title: Ossi


text:
Ostdeutschland

Etymology
.

Proper noun

 * 1)  Eastern Germany, especially the territories east of the Elbe or (formerly) Oder.
 * 2)  East Germany, the German Democratic Republic or its former territories.

Usage notes

 * While geographically not completely accurate (great parts of West Germany were located further east than parts of East Germany), this term is frequently used in German, as is “East Germany” in English, to refer to the German Democratic Republic or its former territories. The equivalent is also true, but to a lesser degree, for the coordinate ; see there.

title: Ostdeutschland


text:
Wessi

Etymology
Derived from, analogically to , which compare for more.

Noun
or

 * 1)  a person from the area of the former West Germany, used to distinguish them from a person from the former East Germany

title: Wessi


text:
Osten

Etymology
From or, from , related to , compare 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬, which, probably due to a re-orientation, means "South".

Noun

 * 1) East
 * 2)  The territory of the former GDR.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) east

title: Osten


text:
tenacious

Etymology
From, from ,.

Adjective

 * 1) Clinging to an object or surface; adhesive.
 * 2) Unwilling to yield or give up; dogged.
 * 3) Holding together; cohesive.
 * 4) Having a good memory; retentive.

Synonyms

 * , ; see also Thesaurus:adhesive
 * , ; see also Thesaurus:obstinate
 * ; see also Thesaurus:cohesive
 * , ; see also Thesaurus:memorious

Translations

 * Armenian:, , բռնունակ
 * Azerbaijani: yapışan,, özlü
 * Bulgarian:
 * Esperanto: tenaca
 * Finnish:, tarrautuva
 * German: fest haftend, ,
 * Icelandic: fastheldinn
 * Irish: greamúsach
 * Latin: tenax
 * Macedonian: ле́плив
 * Ottoman Turkish: یاپشقان
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: fasthållande, fasthängande,, ,
 * Turkish:, sıkıca tutan
 * Ukrainian: чіпкий, липкий

 * Arabic:
 * Armenian: ,
 * Azerbaijani:, , kəc
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: tenaca
 * Finnish:, , ,
 * French:
 * Galician: releón, tenaz, porfiado,
 * Georgian:
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:, , , ,
 * Icelandic: þrár; þolgóður; ötull
 * Indonesian:
 * Japanese:
 * Khmer:
 * Korean:
 * Latin: tenax
 * Macedonian: у́порен, жи́лав, твр́доглав
 * Manchu: ᡶᡳᠯᡳ
 * Maori: rae pakari, urupū, aumangea, aumangeo
 * Mongolian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: hardnakket, urokkelig
 * Ottoman Turkish: یاپشقان
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese:, , porfiado
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish:, tesonero
 * Sundanese: keukeuh
 * Swedish:, , , , ,
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:, bildiğinden şaşmaz, dik kafalı
 * Ukrainian: непоступливий, наполегливий, впертий

 * Finnish: ,
 * German: zusammenhaftend
 * Icelandic: haldgóður
 * Polish: spoisty, ,
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:

 * Armenian:
 * Finnish:
 * German: gedächtnisstark
 * Icelandic: minnisgóður
 * Malagasy: mahatadidy betsaka
 * Polish:
 * Russian: ,
 * Swedish:

title: tenacious


text:
tenancy

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  an interest in land, its related contract or the document containing that contract; more commonly used when a lease is short-term or has a periodic rent that is not merely nominal.

Hyponyms

 * ,, , , , , (informal) ,

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech:, , ,
 * Finnish:
 * Galician: ,
 * German: Mietverhältnis
 * Greek: ,
 * Irish: tionóntacht
 * Polish: ,
 * Spanish:

title: tenancy


text:
tenderhearted

Adjective

 * 1) Compassionate for another's distress.
 * 2) Easily moved to love.
 * 1) Easily moved to love.
 * 1) Easily moved to love.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: εὔσπλαγχνος
 * Latin:
 * Polish:
 * Spanish:

title: tenderhearted


text: SHTML

title: SHTML


text: tender-hearted

title: tender-hearted


text:
-lein

Etymology
From, , from , , from. Cognate to 🇨🇬.

Usage notes

 * In contemporary Standard German, is usual with words whose stems end in -ch or -g; thus more often  than . There is a limited number of other forms that remain in common use, but for the most part  now has a poetic and archaic tone. The general diminutive suffix in the written language and in northern speech is, while southern informal use prefers regional suffixes like ,  (Swabian/Alemannic) and  (Austro-Bavarian).
 * Diminutives in generally have umlaut. The endings  are all deleted before the suffix.
 * The plural remains unchanged. However, a few nouns with a plural in may carry the same ending over to the plural diminutive, and a few diminutives referring to people allow a plural in . This is common with  →  and  → . Most other such forms are rare.

title: -lein


text:
tenderness

Noun

 * 1) A tendency to express warm, compassionate feelings.
 * 2) A concern for the feelings or welfare of others.
 * 3)  A pain or discomfort when an affected area is touched.
 * 1) A concern for the feelings or welfare of others.
 * 2)  A pain or discomfort when an affected area is touched.
 * 1)  A pain or discomfort when an affected area is touched.
 * 1)  A pain or discomfort when an affected area is touched.

Translations

 * Arabic: حنان
 * Egyptian Arabic: حنية
 * Bulgarian:, грижовност
 * Catalan:
 * Esperanto: tenero
 * Estonian: õrnus
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: tenrura
 * German:
 * Irish: armacas
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, 優しみ
 * Luxembourgish: Zäertlechkeet
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Slovak: nežnosť, neha
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Swedish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Maori: ngaoretanga

title: tenderness


text:
-chen

Etymology
From and. Compare 🇨🇬,.

Usage notes

 * As with the agentive particles in other Mongolic languages, forms built using this suffix can also be used to derive names of occupations.
 * The primary usage is to form relative clauses which denote an ongoing event relative to the rest of the sentence.

Etymology
From, , from , , from.

Native to the Central German dialects, -chen has widely replaced the southern-based in standard usage. Cognate with 🇨🇬, as well as 🇨🇬 and. More at.

Pronunciation

 * The use of a syllabic nasal is less common in this ending than otherwise. The vowel tends to be preserved and often fronted, yielding.
 * The use of a syllabic nasal is less common in this ending than otherwise. The vowel tends to be preserved and often fronted, yielding.

Usage notes

 * Words ending in the suffix -chen are always neuter, whatever the gender of the basic word.
 * Generally, with few exceptions, diminutives with -chen have an umlauted stem vowel. Double vowels must be singled as the combinations ää and öö are not permitted in modern German orthography (e.g. from,  from ).
 * Word-final -e and -en are lost before the diminutive ending: from,  from.
 * Words ending in -ch (and some others) use the double suffix, e.g. from . However, the suffix  is more common for these words in writing.
 * The plural diminutive is generally unchanged, but some words with a plural in may carry this ending over to the plural diminutive, yielding . This is standard in  → ; most other forms (like, etc.) are slightly informal or dated.

Etymology
From, , a double diminutive, from , +.

Usage notes

 * Luxembourgish diminutives, unlike German, keep the gender of the basic word. With few exceptions, diminutives exhibit umlaut if possible. Stems ending in -k, -g, -ch, -ng use the extended suffix . Some diminutives are irregular: →.
 * When the syllable immediately before -chen is stressed, the plural is of the form -ercher, otherwise -cher: →, but  → . Nouns with an irregular plural often exhibit a similar irregularity in the plural diminutive:  →  and analogously  →.

Etymology
From, , , from , , equivalent to.

title: -chen


text: -erl

title: -erl


text:
tenement

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) A building that is rented to multiple tenants, especially a low-rent, run-down one.
 * 2)  Any form of property that is held by one person from another, rather than being owned.
 * 3)  A dwelling; abode; habitation.
 * 1)  A dwelling; abode; habitation.
 * 1)  A dwelling; abode; habitation.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:, vuokratalo
 * French: ,
 * German:, Wohnungsblock
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: συνοικία
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Irish: tionontán
 * Italian:, , case popolari, casermone
 * Latin:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Spanish: casa de vecindad,, bloque de viviendas, inquilinato, ,

 * Dutch: verpachting
 * German:
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Irish: tionóntán
 * Russian: арендованное иму́щество

Etymology
First attested in the 13th century, From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  a rural domain, manor, holdings (land)

Etymology
, from verb. See the verb.

Noun

 * 1) holding of land

title: tenement


text:
cacographic

Adjective

 * 1) Displaying the properties of bad spelling or bad handwriting or both.

title: cacographic


text:
Häferl

Etymology
Diminutive of, from , from ,. Probably related to, ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1) mug cup for beverages, usually having a handle and used without a saucer
 * 2) hothead one who angers easily
 * 3)  trophy, cup

Etymology
From, equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1)  Diminutive form of Häfen; cup

title: Häferl


text:
cacographer

Noun

 * 1) A person who exhibits the traits of bad spelling or bad handwriting or both.

title: cacographer


text:
tennis court

Noun

 * 1)  A firm, rectangular surface, marked with lines and having a net across the middle, where the game of tennis is played.

Translations

 * Arabic: مَلْعَب التِّنِس
 * Armenian:, թենիսի կորտ
 * Belarusian: тэ́нісны корт, корт
 * Bulgarian: те́нис корт
 * Catalan: pista de tennis
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:, tennisveld
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: cúirt leadóige
 * Italian: campo da tennis
 * Japanese: テニスコート
 * Korean: 테니스장, 테니스 코트
 * Maori: papa purei tēnehi
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: tennisbane
 * Nynorsk: tennisbane
 * Portuguese: quadra de ténis/tênis
 * Russian: те́ннисный корт,
 * Spanish: cancha de tenis, pista de tenis
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: laruan ng tenis
 * Turkish: tenis kortu
 * Ukrainian: те́нісний корт,
 * Urdu: گیند خانہ
 * Vietnamese: sân quần vợt
 * Welsh: cwrt tennis

title: tennis court


text:
Häfn

Etymology 1
From, from ,. Probably related to, ultimately from. Compare also 🇨🇬 and.

Noun

 * 1) pot, cooking pot

Etymology 2
. Either the same as etymology 1 or from, (in which case cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬) or a conflation of both.

Noun

 * 1) prison, jail

title: Häfn


text:
Amtsschimmel

Etymology
Perhaps from (from, from ), the name of a standardized form used by the bureaucracy of the Austrian Empire. Alternatively, perhaps a reference to the service horses which were provided in Switzerland and elsewhere to government officials.

Noun

 * 1) excessive amount of bureaucracy; red tape

title: Amtsschimmel


text:
Schimmel

Etymology 1
From, , from. The expected Middle High German form is seemingly unattested, but all three forms would have yielded modern German Schimmel. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) mold
 * 2) mildew

Etymology 2
Derived from etymology 1 due to the similar colour. At first an attributive construction, seemingly of northern origin, in (1373) and  (1374, West Central German). 🇨🇬 is borrowed from German.

Noun

 * 1)  grey or white horse

title: Schimmel


text: Category:Indonesian pronouns

title: Category:Indonesian pronouns


text: WD

title: WD


text:
machinate

Etymology
, a verb based on, an early borrowing from. See also.

Verb

 * 1)  To devise a plot or secret plan; to conspire.

title: machinate


text:
ectoplasm

Noun

 * 1)  A visible substance believed to emanate from the body of a spiritualistic medium during communication with the dead.
 * 2)  An immaterial or ethereal substance, especially the transparent corporeal presence of a spirit or ghost.
 * 3)  The outer granule-free layer of cytoplasm.
 * 1)  An immaterial or ethereal substance, especially the transparent corporeal presence of a spirit or ghost.
 * 2)  The outer granule-free layer of cytoplasm.
 * 1)  The outer granule-free layer of cytoplasm.

Translations

 * Arabic: إكتوبلازم
 * Armenian: էկտոպլազմա
 * Catalan: ectoplasma
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: ektoplasma, teleplasma
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: ectoplasma
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: eicteaplasma
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: エクトプラズム
 * Javanese: ektoplasma
 * Korean:
 * Norwegian: ektoplasma, teleplasma
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian: ектоплазма,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ektoplasma
 * Turkish: ektoplazma
 * Ukrainian: ектопла́зма

 * Finnish:
 * Galician: ectoplasma
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Japanese: エクトプラズム
 * Norwegian: ektoplasma
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian: ектоплазма,

 * Catalan: ectoplasma
 * Finnish:
 * Galician: ectoplasma
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Norwegian: ektoplasma
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian: ектоплазма,
 * Tagalog: labaskaphay

title: ectoplasm


text:
Lake Agassiz

Proper noun

 * 1) An immense prehistoric lake in the center of North America, which was fed by glacial runoff at the end of the last ice age.

title: Lake Agassiz


text:
granule

Etymology
Borrowed from or directly from, diminutive of ; for more, see. .

Noun

 * 1) A tiny grain, a small particle.
 * 2)  A small structure in a cell.
 * 3)  A particle from 2 to 4 mm in diameter, following the Wentworth scale
 * 4)  a small mark in the photosphere of the sun caused by convection currents. See also Granule (solar physics).

Translations

 * Bashkir: бөртөк
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan: grànul
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * German: Körnchen
 * Japanese: ,
 * Kazakh: түйір
 * Macedonian: зрно, зрнце, гранула
 * Persian: دانژه
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, , , ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:

 * Japanese:
 * Portuguese:
 * Tagalog: binutil
 * Turkish:

 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: soranjyvä

 * Finnish:
 * Macedonian: дамка
 * Portuguese:

 * Maori:

title: granule


text: Category:Croatian language

title: Category:Croatian language


text: Category:Balinese nouns

title: Category:Balinese nouns


text:
muna

Etymology
, from.

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) mother, mama

Noun

 * 1) stone

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) egg
 * 2)  balls, testicles

Etymology 1
From, from.

Verb

 * 1) to keep in one's memory, remember

Verb

 * 1) to cause an obvious change or alteration
 * 2) to have an effect, make a difference, have an impact
 * 3) to have an influence on
 * 4) to be sufficient or enough

Etymology 1
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) egg
 * 2) ovum, egg cell
 * 3) ovoid
 * 4)  dick
 * 5)  testicle(s), ball(s)
 * 6)  guts, balls
 * 1)  dick
 * 2)  testicle(s), ball(s)
 * 3)  guts, balls
 * 1)  testicle(s), ball(s)
 * 2)  guts, balls
 * 1)  guts, balls

Etymology 1
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬 & English mind.

Verb

 * 1)  to remember

Etymology 2
Related to.

Verb

 * 1)  to differ (by a certain margin)
 * 2)  to make a difference (used with the preposition  + the thing that makes a difference)

Etymology
From, from. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) egg
 * 2) testicle
 * 3) bump, swelling

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) egg

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) egg

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) food provision

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to be feasible or possible

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to remember
 * 2) * Vǫluspá, verse 2, lines 1-2, in 1860, T. Möbius, Edda Sæmundar hins fróða: mit einem Anhang zum Theil bisher ungedruckter Gedichte. Leipzig, page 1:
 * "non"

- Ek man jötna / ár um borna,

Etymology
From. Equivalent to apheresis of. Alternatively, possibly from.

Adverb

 * 1) for a while; for a moment; for the time being; a minute
 * 2) first
 * 3) yet
 * 1) first
 * 2) yet
 * 1) yet

Verb

 * : to go first; to go ahead

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) egg

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) egg

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) egg

Noun

 * 1) the boto or Amazon River dolphin,

title: muna


text:
separat

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) separate

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) detached, discrete, separate

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) separate
 * 2)  separately

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) separate

Etymology
Past participle of.

Adjective

 * 1) separated

title: separat


text: TT

title: TT


text:
SSR

Noun

 * 1)   — a radar picket submarine.
 * 2)   (or Request).
 * 1)   — a radar picket submarine.
 * 2)   (or Request).
 * 1)   (or Request).

Translations

 * Armenian: ՍՍՀ,
 * Azerbaijani: SSR
 * Cyrillic: ССР
 * Belarusian: ССР
 * Bulgarian: ССР
 * Catalan: RSS
 * Danish: SSR
 * Dutch: SSR
 * Estonian: NSV
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: სსრ
 * German: SSR
 * Greek: ΣΣΔ
 * Hungarian: SZSZK
 * Italian:
 * Kazakh: КСР
 * Latin: KSR
 * Kyrgyz: ССР
 * Latvian: PSR
 * Lithuanian: TSR
 * Polish: SRR
 * Portuguese: RSS
 * Romanian: RSS
 * Cyrillic: РСС
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ССР
 * Latin: SSR
 * Spanish:
 * Tajik: ҶШС
 * Turkmen: SSR
 * Cyrillic: ССР
 * Tuvan: ССР
 * Ukrainian: РСР
 * Uzbek: SSR
 * Cyrillic: ССР

Noun

 * 1)  super special rare,

title: SSR


text: PW

title: PW


text:
IPC

Proper noun

 * , the former official criminal code of India.
 * 1)   Now IPC Media.
 * 1)   Now IPC Media.
 * 1)   Now IPC Media.

Etymology
.

Usage notes

 * This usage has been superseded by the use of the prefix in its place.

title: IPC


text:
PP

Translations

 * French:
 * German:

Proper noun

 * 1)  a conservative and Christian democratic political party in Spain.
 * 1)  a conservative and Christian democratic political party in Spain.
 * 1)  a conservative and Christian democratic political party in Spain.
 * 1)  a conservative and Christian democratic political party in Spain.
 * 1)  a conservative and Christian democratic political party in Spain.
 * 1)  a conservative and Christian democratic political party in Spain.

Noun
(singular P)

Proper noun

 * 1)  Pirate Party

title: PP


text:
-ation

Etymology
From, , from , , from , an alternative form of (whence ). Equivalent to +.

Suffix

 * 1) An action or process.
 * 2) The result of an action or process.
 * 3) A state or quality.
 * 1) A state or quality.
 * 1) A state or quality.

Derived terms

 * /-isation

Translations

 * Afrikaans: -asie, -sie, -ering
 * Albanian: -im
 * Arabic: ـِيَّة
 * Armenian: -ում
 * Asturian: -ación, -ción
 * Azerbaijani: -asiya
 * Belarusian: -а́цыя
 * Bulgarian: -а́ция
 * Catalan: -ació,
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 化
 * Hakka: 化
 * Hokkien: 化
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: -ace
 * Danish:, -tion, -ering
 * Dutch:, , -ering
 * Estonian: -atsioon
 * Finnish: -aatio
 * French: ,
 * Middle French: -ation
 * Old French: -ation, -acion
 * Galician: -ación,
 * German:, ,
 * Hungarian: -áció
 * Indonesian:, , -si
 * Italian: -zione
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: -화(化)
 * Latvian: -ācija, -cija
 * Lithuanian: -acija, -cija
 * Macedonian: -а́ција
 * Malay: -asi
 * Norman: -âtion
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: -asjon,, -ering
 * Nynorsk: -asjon, -sjon, -ering
 * Occitan: -acion, -cion
 * Persian: ی
 * Polish: -acja
 * Portuguese: -ação,
 * Romanian: -are, -ire
 * Russian: -ение, -а́ция
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: -ација
 * Roman: -acija
 * Slovak: -ácia
 * Slovene: -acija
 * Spanish: -ación,
 * Swedish:, , -ring
 * Ukrainian: -а́ція
 * Vietnamese: (化)

Etymology
From, borrowed from. In words inherited through Vulgar Latin, the same suffix yielded.

Etymology
From.

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

title: -ation


text:
vöö

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) belt

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) belt

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) belt

title: vöö


text:
lyijy

Etymology
Borrowed from, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) lead ; metal

title: lyijy


text:
tauti

Etymology
From, borrowed from (cf. 🇨🇬). Cognates include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) disease abnormal condition of the body causing discomfort or dysfunction

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) disease, sickness, illness

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) disease, illness, sickness

title: tauti


text: User:Brainy J

title: User:Brainy J


text:
kyy

Etymology
From (compare 🇨🇬), possibly from  (compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), or alternatively an old clipping for  (see the Proto-Finnic entry for more).

Noun

 * 1) common European adder, the only natural species of viper in Finland
 * 2) viper

title: kyy


text:
Ari

Proper noun

 * 1)  (also transcribed as, ). Ari derives directly from Hebrew: ; compare Yiddish: , English: Leo, Leon, French: , , Czech: , Polish: , Russian: , and Ukrainian:.
 * , also used as a formal given name.
 * 1) A Papuan language spoken in Western Province, Papua New Guinea.

Translations

 * French:
 * Korean: 아리어
 * Marathi: आरी

 * Italian: Ari
 * Marathi: आरी

 * Marathi: आरी
 * Persian: اری

Etymology
, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Usage notes
Patronymics
 * son of Ari: Arason
 * daughter of Ari: Aradóttir

Etymology
Vernacular form of, cognate to 🇨🇬. It has also been used as a nickname for, and.

Usage notes

 * Popular in Finland in the 1950s and the 1960s.

Etymology
, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Etymology
From, from.

title: Ari


text:
ori

Etymology
From, from. Cognates include 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) slave
 * 2) serf

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) stallion

Declension
Less common:

Noun

 * 1) cloud

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) stallion

Etymology 1
Variant of, though it functions somewhat differently in certain compositions. See.

Conjunction

 * 1) or
 * 2) either
 * 1) either

Noun

 * 1) turtle, tortoise

Etymology 1
Proposed to be derived from, , from , , ultimately from ,. Cognate with 🇨🇬. The compounding of the suffix "ɣo" (later "wo") is possibly an Proto-Edekiri innovation still maintained in a majority of Edekiri languages, and the non-suffixed version likely existed side by side. However, 🇨🇬 may suggest it is a remnant of an older root. See potential non-Yoruboid cognates, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, possibly 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, perhaps ultimately from or ,

Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) head
 * 2) top, leader
 * 3)  the metaphysical concept of one's spiritual intuition, destiny, and consciousness, deified as a divinity,.

Noun

 * 1) chapter

Etymology 3
From

Noun

 * 1) shea butter, lard, butter
 * 2) moisturiser

Noun

 * 1) black plum

Alternative forms

 * (Oǹdó)

Noun

 * 1)  A type of Yoruba food made from cornflour, also known as

title: ori


text:
eri

Adjective

 * 1) sick, ill

Noun

 * 1)  sickness, illness, disease
 * 2)  sick person
 * 1)  sick person

Noun

 * 1)  finger
 * 2)  toe

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) hare

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬. Related to, , , ,.

Adjective

 * 1) separate, distinct

Noun

 * 1)  special issue, special broadcast, special episode
 * 2)  special dish in a restaurant

Verb

 * 1) I am,  (to be)

Etymology
From, derived from (see  for more). Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) different, other, another
 * 2) different, separate
 * 1) different, separate
 * 1) different, separate
 * 1) different, separate
 * 1) different, separate

Inflection
The cases of eri are used only as adverbs.

In colloquial language, eri may sometimes be inflected as a regular adjective. This is considered nonstandard.

Adverb

 * 1) really, truly

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Determiner

 * 1) different, separate
 * 2) various, miscellaneous
 * 1) various, miscellaneous
 * 1) various, miscellaneous

Adverb

 * 1)  apart, separated

Alternative forms

 * ri

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) thorn
 * 2) fishbone

Adjective

 * 1) different

Etymology
Probably from a variant form of, from. .

Adjective

 * 1)  frightening, fearing

Pronoun

 * 1)  they (masculine)

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) whole

Etymology
From,. Compare 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to do

title: eri


text: govt

title: govt


text: govt.

title: govt.


text:
budova

Etymology
. . Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) building

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) building, construction

Noun

 * 1) building

title: budova


text:
etiäinen

Noun

 * 1) False arrival, a kind of premonition, for example one hears doorbell ringing although it doesn't, and soon it actually rings.
 * 2)  a spirit sent forth by a shaman or a person in great distress.

title: etiäinen


text:
pivo

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) beer

Etymology
From, from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  hand, palm
 * 2) armful; bundle of fibres, e.g. flax or hemp

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) drink; beverage
 * 2) beer

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) beer

Etymology
, from, itself from.

Noun

 * 1) beer

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) beer

Etymology
Borrowed from, from.

Noun

 * 1) beer

title: pivo


text:
silnice

Noun

 * 1) road

title: silnice


text:
jméno

Etymology
, from, from.

Noun

 * 1) name
 * 2)  a nominal, more commonly a noun or adjective, but also a pronoun or a numeral

title: jméno


text: ETI

title: ETI


text:
craftsperson

Noun

 * 1) Someone who is highly skilled at their trade; an artificer.
 * 2) A person who produces arts and crafts.

title: craftsperson


text:
esi-

Etymology
See.

Prefix

 * 1) first
 * 2) front

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Prefix

 * 1) pre-, fore-

Inflection
The cases of serve in Finnish only as adverbs. The instructive singular is always used with the enclitic particle or. Declension scheme is the same as type 27 (käsi), except for some missing, not used forms; and the two extra instructive singular forms etenkin and etenkään.

Related terms

 * See the inflection table.

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Prefix

 * 1) pre-, fore-

Etymology 1
From.

Etymology 2
From.

Etymology 3
From.

title: esi-


text: Category:Finnish prefixes

title: Category:Finnish prefixes


text:
craftsman

Noun

 * 1) One who is highly skilled at one's trade; an artisan or artificer.
 * 2) A person who makes or creates material objects partly or entirely by hand.
 * 3) A person who produces arts and crafts.
 * 1) A person who makes or creates material objects partly or entirely by hand.
 * 2) A person who produces arts and crafts.
 * 1) A person who produces arts and crafts.
 * 1) A person who produces arts and crafts.

Hypernyms

 * craftsperson
 * craftsperson

Related terms

 * handicraftsman

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: صَانِع, حِرَفِيّ, حِرْفِيّ
 * Armenian:
 * Bats: ოსტატ
 * Belarusian: раме́снік, раме́сьнік
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Hokkien: 廚工
 * Mandarin:, 男工匠 ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Egyptian:
 * Estonian: käsitööline
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: ოსტატი
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: τεχνίτης
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Icelandic: handverksmaður
 * Indonesian:
 * Ingrian: ammattimees
 * Irish: fear ceirde
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Javanese: tukang
 * Khmer: សិប្បករ
 * Korean: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: وەستا
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Latin: artifex, opifex
 * Latvian: amatnieks
 * Lithuanian: amatininkas
 * Macedonian: занаетчија
 * Malay: ,
 * Manchu: ᡶᠠᡴᠰᡳ
 * Manx: keirdagh
 * Maori: ringarehe
 * Mingrelian: ორსანტი
 * Nanai: пакси
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Old Church Slavonic: къзньникъ
 * Old English: cræftiga
 * Ottoman Turkish: صنعتكار
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:
 * Sanskrit:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: зана̀тлија, о̀бртнӣк
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovak: remeselnik
 * Slovene: obrtnik, rokodelec
 * Spanish:
 * Svan: უ̂ოსტა̈ტ
 * Swedish:
 * Tetum: badain
 * Thai:
 * Ukrainian: ремісни́к
 * Venetian:
 * Vietnamese:
 * Welsh: crefftwr
 * Yiddish: בעל־מלאָכה

title: craftsman


text:
jälki-

Etymology
See.

Prefix

 * 1) after-
 * 2) post-

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬.

Prefix

 * 1) post-; after-

title: jälki-


text:
etu

Noun

 * 1)  nose

Etymology
From. Equivalent to ; originally "the area in front of something" (now all but confined to ), from which the other senses have developed through figurative use, perhaps already in Proto-Finnic.

Noun

 * 1) advantage
 * 2) benefit, interest
 * 3)  the area in front of something
 * 4)  front of something

Adjective

 * 1) our first-person plural possessive adjective

Noun

 * 1) rice (either cooked or being cooked)

Pronoun

 * 1) we first-person plural pronoun

Etymology 1
Compare with 🇨🇬, proposed to be derived from, , ultimately from. May either be cognate with 🇨🇬, or Ahan may have borrowed this term from Ekiti

Noun

 * 1)  hat, cap

Etymology 2
From, from , ultimately from

Noun

 * 1)  duiker;

Etymology 3
Proposed to be derived from

Noun

 * 1)  gunpowder

title: etu


text:
etu-

Etymology
<

Prefix

 * 1) front, fore-

Etymology
From. Akin to 🇨🇬.

Prefix

 * 1) front, fore-

title: etu-


text:
taka-

Etymology
<

Prefix

 * 1) back, rear, hind

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬.

Prefix

 * 1) back, rear, hind

title: taka-


text:
Talk:realize

Is there a difference in meaning between the spellings 'realise' and 'realize'? I ask this because my spell-checker, which is set at 'English English' doesn't seem to have a problem with 'realize'. And my English-Dutch dictionary doesn't mark the 'z' spelling as 'American English'. DirkvdM 19:35, 12 August 2005 (UTC)
 * No difference in meaning -- it's the same word. Typically, both -ise and -ize endings are accepted in (modern) British English. Does your dictionary distinguish any other -ize words as being exclusively American? 144.213.253.14 00:26, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

Meaning 7 (to become aware)
In modern usage, this is by far the most common meaning of the word, and deserves to be re-ordered to the top of the list. Furthermore, it is incorrect to state that "realise" must be followed by "that" in this sense; take as an example, "I realise how important this must seem to you." 144.213.253.14 00:26, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

 * A good point. I changed it to reflect this.   Andyluciano 03:13, 21 May 2006 (UTC)

OED
The OED online doesn't seem to recognize the -ise ending, they only have an entry for -ize.

Oxford Dictionary spelling
Please note the following Oxford English Dictionary qualifier. Both versions are acceptable as is backed up by my hard copy Sixth Edition (1976) and my current edition. I think this section needs to be qualified properly, namely by stating which major dictionaries (US, Canadian, Australian, New Zealand) accept what, rather than propagating broad generalisations. --Iryna Harpy (talk) 06:06, 29 August 2013 (UTC)
 * Incidentally, -sche, I was taught to spell it as 'realize' in Australia in the 60's. My Sixth Edition Oxford Concise Dictionary actually lists the '-ize' as the first instance, with '-ise' as the alternative instance. Having quickly perused the net, there appears to be a misnomer that '-ize' is an Americanism/North Americanism which is blatantly incorrect. I suspect that it has evolved as a reflection of the popularised spelling used by the mass media in the UK, Australia & New Zealand. I'll have a better look into it in the next few days as I don't have time at the moment. Cheers! --Iryna Harpy (talk) 06:54, 29 August 2013 (UTC)
 * See the long excerpt from the OED at Oxford spelling. The '-ise' forms which are common in non-Oxford British English are also admitted as variants of '-ize' into the OED, but the classical/definitive Oxford spelling remains '-ize'. This makes it very inaccurate and misleading to call the '-ise' the "Oxford spelling". Incidentally, the distinction between Oxford and non-Oxford British English isn't made on this entry alone, so if there needs to be a change (e.g. to replace the s with a template that would link to Oxford spelling), it should be made more broadly... - -sche (discuss) 20:18, 29 August 2013 (UTC)

Georgian translation
Is a good translation or  in the sense of perceiving something's existence? Source: glosbe.com Dragonman9001 (talk) 15:24, 22 February 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:realize


text:
kimmota

Etymology

 * the root is likely . Compare, if ~.

Verb

 * 1)  to be elastic/springy/resilient
 * 2)  to snap, spring back
 * 3)  to bounce back, bounce off, rebound;  to ricochet
 * 4)  to spring, shoot, fly, hurl

title: kimmota


text:
craftswoman

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) A female artisan.

Hypernyms

 * craftsperson
 * craftsperson

Translations

 * Arabic: حِرْفِيَّة
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 女工匠
 * Czech: řemeslnice
 * Dutch:
 * Egyptian:
 * Finnish:
 * German:

title: craftswoman


text:
komea

Etymology
Thought to be expressive in some way; perhaps related to in which case the word may originally have referred to voice. Related to 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) handsome beautiful, especially of a man
 * 2) imposing, impressive, stately
 * 3)  beautiful also of a woman
 * 1)  beautiful also of a woman

title: komea


text:
koma

Conjunction

 * 1) but

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) coma deep sleep

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1)  coma a cloud of dust surrounding the nucleus of a comet

Noun

 * 1)  comma
 * 2)  decimal point

Etymology 1
See below.

Noun

 * 1) arrival

Etymology 2
From, from , from.

Verb

 * 1) to come
 * 2) to arrive
 * 3)  to orgasm; to cum
 * 1)  to orgasm; to cum

Etymology
(compare 🇨🇬). From, from.

Noun

 * 1)  coma

Noun

 * 1) fishing net

Etymology
From a language, compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  chum
 * 2)  godfather
 * 1)  godfather

Etymology 1
From, from , from.

Verb

 * 1) to come
 * 2) * 1928, Krummavísa (“Raven Song”, on the Icelandic Wikisource) by Jón Ásgeirsson
 * "is"

- Krummi krunkar úti, kallar á nafna sinn: „Ég fann höfud af hrúti hrygg og gæruskinn.“ Komdu nú og kroppaðu með mér, krummi nafni minn.

 * 1) to arrive

Etymology 2
From ; from the root of the verb koma.

Noun

 * 1) arrival

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  comma: The punctuation mark ⟨, ⟩ used to indicate a set off parts of a sentence or between elements of a list.

Etymology 2
From, from.

Noun

 * , a state of unconsciousness from which one may not wake up, usually induced by some form of trauma.

Etymology 3
From, from , from.

Noun

 * , a cloud of dust surrounding the nucleus of a comet.

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) hunk

Etymology
Hinde (1904) records kukoma as an equivalent of English in “Jogowini dialect” of Kikuyu, listing also 🇨🇬 as its equivalent.

Verb
(infinitive )

 * 1) to sleep, to lie down

Derived terms

 * gũkomeka

Verb

 * 1) to write

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) a coma

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) a coma

Etymology 2
From, from , from. Akin to 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) come (to move from further away to nearer to)
 * 2) come (to arrive)

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, , 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to come, arrive

Etymology
From, from.

Verb

 * 1) to come
 * 2) to arrive

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  coma
 * 2)  coma
 * 1)  coma
 * 1)  coma

Noun

 * 1) coma

Verb

 * 1) to stop, cease, come to an end

Etymology 2
.

Noun

 * 1) comma

Noun

 * 1) coma (prolonged, unnatural unconscious state)
 * 2) coma (of a comet)

Etymology 1
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) coma

Etymology
From, itself borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) horse collar

title: koma


text:
kooma

Noun

 * 1) hill

Etymology
(see 🇨🇬), ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1)  coma

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) godparent

title: kooma


text:
artificer

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) Someone who is skilled in their trade; an artisan.
 * 2) An inventor.
 * 3) A member of the military who specializes in manufacturing and repairing weapon systems.
 * 4) A trickster.
 * 5) A savant.
 * 1) A savant.

Translations

 * Catalan: artificier, artificiera
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Spanish: armero, artificiero

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) A crafter or artisan; a maker of crafts.
 * 2)  A creative individual.
 * 3)  A sly or tricky individual.

title: artificer


text:
Lothario

Etymology
Named after Lothario, a character in the play , a reference to a seducer of the same name in the metastory of the Quixote called The Impertinent Curious Man.

Noun

 * 1) A man whose chief interest is seducing, usually women.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: lamač dívčích srdcí, svůdník
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German: ,
 * Latin: femellarius, mulierarius
 * Macedonian: за́водник, заве́дувач, же́нкар, донжуа́н
 * Polish: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:

title: Lothario


text:
hau

Noun

 * 1) stone

Etymology 1
From. The stem of the inflected forms is.

Determiner

 * 1) this

Pronoun

 * 1) this one

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  spade, shovel

Interjection

 * 1) arf, bark, woof the sound a barking dog makes

Noun

 * 1) misfortune, being bewitched

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) cool/cold, dew, ice, snow

Etymology 2
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) sea hibiscus, cottonwood hibiscus (, syn. )

Verb

 * 1) to strike

Noun

 * 1) water

Determiner

 * 1) that

Interjection

 * 1) Expressing pain or grief; oh! ah! ow! ouch!!

Noun

 * 1) sloth

Noun

 * 1) essence
 * 2) ceremonial offering of food to an
 * 3) a present given in return for another gift
 * 4) wind, breeze, breath
 * 5) air
 * 6) excess
 * 7) external angle, corner, obtuse angle

Verb

 * 1) to be heard
 * 2) to spread news
 * 3) to exceed

Adjective

 * 1) famous

Derived terms

 * (home, true home, local people of a marae, home people, locals)
 * (south wind)
 * (northeast wind)
 * (golf, to play golf)
 * (strong wind)
 * , (north wind)
 * (air)
 * , (south wind)
 * (vent, flue)
 * (ceremonial offering of food to an atua)

Synonyms

 * (wind, breeze)

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Pronoun

 * 1) we, us

Etymology
.

Interjection

 * 1) woof

Noun

 * 1) string, cord

Etymology
.

Interjection

 * 1) woof the sound a barking dog makes

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) tree
 * 2) wood

Etymology 1
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to come
 * 2)  to come from

Etymology 2
From.

Determiner

 * 1)  thy, your

Etymology 3

From. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) dew

Noun

 * 1) plant (organism capable of photosynthesis)

Synonyms

 * ; hau’amoni sin, hau’amoên sin
 * ; hauhônês sin -> hauhôênsin, hauhôên kin

Etymology
From earlier *yau < *iau, from, from , from , from.

Pronoun

 * 1) I

Etymology 1
From.

Verb

 * 1) to boil (something in water or in liquid)

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1) the head

Noun

 * 1) leader, head person

Noun

 * 1) a lid, a cover

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 or, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) white

title: hau


text:
vuh

Interjection

 * 1)  woof, the sound a barking dog makes

Noun

 * 1) wind

title: vuh


text: lothario

title: lothario


text:
add-on

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  Something which can be appended to something else.
 * 2)  A software extension or hardware peripheral that provides additional functions or customization for a core application or system.
 * 3)  Additional chips that can be purchased at specific times in tournament play.
 * 1)  Additional chips that can be purchased at specific times in tournament play.
 * 1)  Additional chips that can be purchased at specific times in tournament play.

Synonyms

 * , ; See also Thesaurus:adjunct

Translations

 * Danish: tilføjelse
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Macedonian: додаток
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,

 * Czech:
 * Danish: tillægsprogram, tillæg
 * Esperanto: kromprogramo
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German: ; (colloquial:) Addon / / Add-On
 * Indonesian: pengaya
 * Macedonian: додаток
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, , , , ,
 * Russian:, програ́мма-дополне́ние
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:, tilläggsprogram
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: дода́ток
 * Vietnamese: phần mở rộng

 * Bulgarian:, допълнително количество
 * Danish: tillæg

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)   extension of core application

title: add-on


text:
recommendation

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) An act of recommending.
 * 2) That which is recommended.
 * 3) A commendation or endorsement.
 * Your next employer may require a recommendation.
 * 1) A suggestion or proposal about the best course of action (with adpositions including "about" for the context and "to" for the course of action)
 * He made a recommendation about what food to order.
 * We followed the recommendation to order sushi.

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:advice

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: تَوْصِيَة
 * Armenian:, ,
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Belarusian: рэкаменда́цыя, рэкамэнда́цыя
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: soovitus
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: რეკომენდაცია
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: הַמְלָצָה
 * Hindi: सिफ़ारिश
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Italian:, ,
 * Japanese:, , 薦め,
 * Kazakh: ұсыныс
 * Korean:, ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Kyrgyz: рекомендация,
 * Latvian: ieteikums
 * Lithuanian: rekomendacija, patarimas
 * Macedonian: препорака
 * Malay:, pengesyoran
 * Malayalam: ശുപാർശ
 * Middle English: recommendacioun
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: ,
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Pashto:
 * Persian: ,
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: пре̏порука
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: odporúčanie
 * Slovene: priporočilo
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: rekomendasyon
 * Tajik: тавсия, сифориш
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: рекоменда́ція
 * Urdu: شَفاعَت, سِفارِش
 * Uyghur: تەۋسىيە
 * Uzbek: ,
 * Vietnamese: ,

 * Armenian:, , ,
 * Azerbaijani: ,
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Macedonian: препорака
 * Malay: syor
 * Malayalam: ശുപാർശ
 * Maori: kupu whakatau
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: rekomendasyon
 * Turkish:
 * Vietnamese: thứ được giới thiệu

 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Russian:

 * French:
 * Norwegian:
 * Nynorsk:
 * Romanian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Spanish:

title: recommendation


text:
silmälasikäärme

Noun

 * 1) cobra snake

title: silmälasikäärme


text:
lohikäärme

Etymology

 * 🇰🇲. Originally, the initial component became by folk etymology.

Noun

 * 1) dragon, drake
 * 2) wyvern
 * 1) wyvern
 * 1) wyvern

Usage notes

 * Most Finns do not make a difference between a “wyvern” and “dragon”, and would use  to refer to both.

title: lohikäärme


text:
lohe

Etymology
Borrowed from, itself from.

Noun

 * 1) dragon
 * 2) kite

Verb

 * 1)  to hear
 * 2)  to obey

title: lohe


text:
vety

Etymology 1
. Coined in 1851, possibly also inspired by.

Noun

 * 1) hydrogen

title: vety


text:
machinery

Etymology
From, from ; see.

Noun

 * 1) The machines constituting a production apparatus, in a plant etc., collectively.
 * 2) The working parts of a machine as a group.
 * 3) The collective parts of something which allow it to function.
 * 4)  The literary devices used in a work, notably for dramatic effect
 * 1)  The literary devices used in a work, notably for dramatic effect

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Danish: maskineri
 * Dutch: machinery,
 * Esperanto: maŝinaro
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German:, maschinelle Ausrüstung
 * Hindi:
 * Khmer: គ្រឿងចក្រ
 * Navajo: tʼáadoo leʼé naanídeíjeehígíí
 * Norman: machinn'nie
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: makinarya, kasigmuan
 * Welsh: peirianwaith

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Danish: maskineri
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Malay:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: makinarya, kasigmuan
 * Welsh: peirianwaith

 * Bulgarian: машинария
 * Czech: mašinérie
 * Danish: maskineri
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:,  , ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Khmer:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: makinarya, kasigmuan

 * Arabic:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Mandarin:
 * Piedmontese:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:

title: machinery


text:
pii

Noun

 * 1) water

Noun

 * 1) water

Noun

 * 1)  water

Etymology 1
From, from ; possibly related to etymology (2).

Noun

 * 1) silicon element, symbol Si
 * 2)  flint hard, fine-grained quartz or a piece of it

Etymology 2
From, from. Cognates include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  thorn, prong, tooth or similar element e.g. in a plant, a saw or a rake
 * 2)  dent in a reed
 * 1)  dent in a reed

Etymology 3
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  The position of a sailing vessel, when it is set so that its bow points steadily to the direction of the wind.

Etymology 4
<

Noun

 * 1) pi Greek letter
 * 2)  pi constant 3.14159…

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) spike

Noun

 * 1) water

Noun

 * 1) water

Noun

 * 1) water

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to choose

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) prong, tooth

title: pii


text:
piru

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  fork

Etymology
Probably a variant of.

Noun

 * 1) the Devil, Satan
 * 2) devil; imp
 * 1) devil; imp

Usage notes
is used in the expletive, literally "Devil, take!" but which has a very similar area of usage as.

Adjective

 * 1) thin

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  bastard

Adverb

 * : damn

Noun

 * 1) devil

Noun

 * 1) worm
 * 2) An insect larva.
 * 3) maggot

Etymology
Variant of.

Noun

 * 1)  penis

Etymology 1
and.

Noun

 * 1)  pear tree
 * 2) pear (fruit)
 * 3)  beating

Etymology 2
Akin to.

Noun

 * 1)  spinning top

title: piru


text:
seller

Etymology 1
From, , (also , , ), from , , equivalent to (sense 1) and  (sense 2). Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) Someone who sells; a vendor; a clerk.
 * Alisha was a seller of fine books.
 * 1) Something which sells.
 * Two of the books Alisha authored had become big sellers.

Derived terms

Translations

 * Albanian: ,
 * Arabic: بَائِع, بَائِعَة
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bashkir: һатыусы
 * Belarusian: прадаве́ц, прадаўшчы́ца, гандля́р, гандля́рка
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian: продава́ч, продава́чка
 * Burmese: ရောင်းသူ
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:, , , prodejkyně,
 * Danish:, sælgerinde , sælgerske , forsælger, forsælgerske
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: vendisto, virvendisto, vendistiĉo , vendistino
 * Estonian: müüja
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Friulian: venditôr
 * Georgian: გამყიდველი
 * German: ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Ancient: πωλητής, πωλήτρια, -πώλης
 * Greenlandic: -erniaq
 * Hebrew:, מוֹכֶרֶת
 * Hindi: बेचने वाला,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Ido:, ,
 * Indonesian:
 * Ingrian: mööjä
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:, 販売者
 * Kazakh: сатушы
 * Khmer: អ្នកលក់
 * Korean: 판매인(販賣人), 파는 사람
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: ,
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Lao: ຜູ້ຂາຍ
 * Latin: vēnditor, vēnditrīx
 * Latvian:, pārdevēja
 * Lithuanian:, pardavėja
 * Macedonian: продавач, продавачка
 * Malay:
 * Malayalam:, വിൽപ്പനക്കാരൻ
 * Middle English: sellere
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Norman: vendeux, vend'rêsse
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:, selgerinne , forselger
 * Nynorsk: seljar, seljarinne, forseljar
 * Occitan:, vendeira
 * Ottoman Turkish: بایع
 * Pashto:, خرڅوونکی, پرولونکی
 * Persian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:, , , , ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: прода̀ва̄ч, продава̀чица
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovak: predavač, predavačka, predajca
 * Slovene: prodajalec, prodajalka
 * Southern Altai: садучы
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swahili: mwuzaji
 * Swedish:, , , säljerska
 * Tagalog: tagapagbili
 * Tajik:
 * Tatar:
 * Thai: ผู้ขาย
 * Turkish: ,
 * Turkmen: satyjy
 * Ukrainian:, продавщи́ця, торго́вець
 * Urdu: بچنے والا
 * Uyghur: ساتقۇچى
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese: người bán
 * Volapük:, hiselan , jiselan
 * Yiddish: פֿאַרקויפֿער, פֿאַרקויפֿערין

 * Swedish:

Etymology 2
Alternative forms.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) celery

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to saddle

Verb

 * 1)  to saddle

Etymology
Cognate to 🇨🇬.

Pronoun

 * 1) that, that one

Determiner

 * 1) that
 * 2) * 1954, Albert F. Buffington, A Pennsylvania German grammar, pages 32 and 81:
 * sell Haus datt driwwe
 * that house over there
 * In sellem alde Glaawe maag en bissel Waahret schtecke.
 * In that old belief there may be a bit of truth.
 * In that old belief there may be a bit of truth.

Determiner

 * : that, to that

title: seller


text:
hazer

Noun

 * 1) One who administers acts of hazing, or abusive initiation.
 * 2) The rodeo performer who hazes the steer.

Etymology
From, from , from. The source is probably a language; compare 🇨🇬. Compare further 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. See also.

Numeral

 * 1) thousand
 * , in Latin
 * Viginti dicebat stega, triginta treithyen, quadraginta furdeithien, centum sada, hazer mille.
 * For twenty he said, for thirty , for forty , for a hundred , for a thousand hazer.

title: hazer


text:
Talk:hazer

This page was transwikied from Wikipedia. Below is the edit history for the Wikipedia article.

 * (cur) (last) 15:38, August 12, 2005 Kushboy m (Transwiking)
 * (cur) (last) 02:06, August 10, 2005 Petaholmes (wiktionary)
 * (cur) (last) 02:04, August 10, 2005 193.191.210.2
 * (cur) (last) 01:46, August 10, 2005 Malo (mv -> wiktionary)
 * (cur) (last) 01:42, August 10, 2005 193.191.210.2

title: Talk:hazer


text:
perkele

Etymology
From, which derives from the name of the deity of thunder; compare 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬. After Finland's conquest (c. 1250) and subsequent Christianization, its meaning changed to a profanity and a euphemism for Satan at least partly due to the influence of the clergy. 🇨🇬 from the same Baltic source.

Usage notes
Usually considered to have a particular strength or seriousness compared to other swear words, despite not being considered as dirty.

Noun

 * 1) The Devil, Satan; also
 * 2) devil

Adjective

 * 1) bloody, goddamn, fucking intensifier

Etymology
From

Interjection

 * 1)  damn!

title: perkele


text:
peli

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1)  to drive, to propel

Etymology
Borrowed from, from ,.

Noun

 * 1) game activity described by a set of rules, especially for the purpose of entertainment
 * 2)  match, game;  game
 * 3)  tool, means, implement, vehicle
 * 4)  wheels automobile
 * 1)  wheels automobile

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) feeder, feeding bottle, baby's bottle
 * 2) flask, small bottle
 * 3) quarter of a litre

Synonyms

 * lítil flaska
 * lítil flaska

Etymology
Ultimately from, probably via.

Noun

 * 1) game
 * 2) difficult task

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) skin

Noun

 * 1)  cheek

Noun

 * , movie, film

title: peli


text:
kompuutteri

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) computer

title: kompuutteri


text:
sähköaivo

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) computer, "electronic brain"

title: sähköaivo


text:
antimitotic

Adjective

 * 1)  Preventing or disrupting mitosis.

Translations

 * Finnish: antimitoottinen
 * French:
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese: antimitótico

Noun

 * 1)  An agent that prevents or disrupts mitosis.

Translations

 * French:
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese: antimitótico

Etymology
.

title: antimitotic


text:
tietsikka

Noun

 * 1) computer

title: tietsikka


text:
mitosis

Etymology
From, from + , probably in reference to the thread-like chromatin seen during mitosis.

Noun

 * 1)  The division of a cell nucleus in which the genome is copied and separated into two identical halves. It is normally followed by cell division.

Synonyms

 * karyomitosis
 * karyomitosis

Translations

 * Basque: mitosi
 * Bulgarian:, митоза
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:, mitosis
 * Esperanto: mitozo
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: समसूत्रण, समसूत्री विभाजन
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: jafnskipting, mítósa
 * Ido:
 * Irish: miotóis
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 有糸分裂
 * Khmer: មីតូស
 * Korean: 유사 분열
 * Malayalam:, മൈറ്റോസിസ്
 * Maori: whāū, whāū pūira
 * Occitan: mitòsi
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: hatimbutod
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: міто́з
 * Vietnamese:

title: mitosis


text:
kuolema

Etymology
From, equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) death, demise, decease

title: kuolema


text:
kuolla

Etymology
From, from. Cognates include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to die

Verb

 * 1) die

title: kuolla


text:
kuolematon

Adjective

 * 1) immortal

Noun

 * 1) An immortal.

title: kuolematon


text:
User talk:Brainy J

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wiktionary. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * Wiktionary Tutorial
 * Community Portal
 * Entry layout explained
 * Criteria for inclusion
 * FAQ
 * How to edit a page
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 * Wiktionary Sandbox (a safe place for testing syntax)

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wiktionarian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk (discussion) and vote pages using four tildes, like this: ~~~~, which automatically produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the beer parlour or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome!

It always helps to have a definition of a word. So I have added one to -ation. Cheers SemperBlotto 21:21, 12 August 2005 (UTC)

Placeholder categories
My understanding of categories such as "Nouns" is that they are placeholders, under which other catgeories such as "English nouns" fit. Individual words should be added to "English nouns", "Italian nouns" etc, but not to "Nouns". Do you have some reason for doing this? SemperBlotto 22:00, 12 August 2005 (UTC)

Oh I'm sorry, I didn't know. Thanks for clearing that up. --Atlantima 22:02, 12 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Adding any of the categories listed on your user page to an article is pointless since each of them would become far to big to have any use. Don't waste your time! Ncik 16:08, 14 August 2005 (UTC)

Turkish
I don't speak Turkish, but your most recent edits are making me very uneasy. Turkish is an agglutinative language, so the line between compounding and inflection is very hard to see, especially for non-speakers. In the case of -ların, it looks to me like this is just the combination of two inflectional suffixes: -lar and -in, which would make it a genitive plural ending- the equivalent of -ōrum or -ārum in Latin, for instance (or English -s', in many cases). There's also the matter of vowel harmony, which causes alternation between i and ı depending on preceding vowels. In short, there are lots of ways you can go seriously, horribly wrong in Turkish if you don't know what you're doing- and I'm not so sure that you do. Thanks! Chuck Entz (talk) 18:54, 27 June 2014 (UTC)

 * Chuck is right. I've deleted your Turkish entries and also σεξισμού, which is a form-of, not the base word. It looks like you're using Google translate for your translations. Do not edit languages you don't know the basics of. If you have good sources for them, find someone (most preferably on here) who speaks the language you're interested in and ask them for help. —  [Ric Laurent] — 21:10, 27 June 2014 (UTC)

awww, I thought I was helping :( --Brainy J (talk) 02:26, 28 June 2014 (UTC)

 * I appreciate that, but incorrect content is not helpful. —  [Ric Laurent] — 02:13, 29 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Way to be a jerk. You're acting as if I knew it was incorrect but added it anyway.--Brainy J (talk) 00:27, 2 July 2014 (UTC)

 * No I'm not. I'm acting as if you should be more careful. I've added stuff that I didn't realize was incorrect when I did so. I should have been more careful. As should you. You don't have to be offended about it. Just be careful. Don't add things from languages you don't speak, understand, or have good sources for that you can't verify. If you really want to add something from a language you don't know, compare sources or ask someone on here who does know that language. —  [Ric Laurent] — 20:38, 9 July 2014 (UTC)
 * Well, sorry you don't agree, but I think it's pretty mean to tell a good faith contributor that "incorrect content is not helpful". Chuck was a lot more tactful. And the way I understand it, my edits weren't even truly incorrect, just "a form-of, not the base word". It's analogous to having separate entries for drive, driver, and drivers, or grande and grandísimo. None of those are deleted for being "incorrect"!--Brainy J (talk) 21:02, 9 July 2014 (UTC)
 * Well, Dick isn't exactly Miss Manners (this is actually his helpful and courteous mode- when he's in a bad mood, you can trace his path in the charred and twisted remains visited by horrors beyond any comprehension of the human mind- and then, sometimes, he gets really angry...), but he does know some usefull stuff. More to the point, your entry for -ların tried to make a suffix out of two unrelated inflectional endings, and I'm sure there are other examples. I have a degree in Linguistics and decades of experience teaching myself dozens of languages- but I don't trust my judgement enough when it comes to languages like Turkish to do more than tweak the formatting of existing entries. What you just said is like someone rescued from a minefield saying: "look, I only lost an arm and a couple of toes- stop telling me how dangerous it is" Chuck Entz (talk) 05:10, 10 July 2014 (UTC)
 * I already stopped "edit[ing] languages [I] don't know the basics of" on 28 June. I already understood that what I'd been doing was against whatever guidelines apply to Turkish entries. Continuing to correct me after that point seems like beating a dead horse. As for the minefield analogy: If noobish editing of WMF pages ever becomes literally hazardous to one's health, then I guess it would be acceptable to carry on scolding a user for nigh on two weeks.--Brainy J (talk) 19:30, 10 July 2014 (UTC)

title: User talk:Brainy J


text:
kuolevainen

Adjective

 * 1) mortal.

Noun

 * 1) mortal

title: kuolevainen