text:
femoral

Etymology
Borrowed from. Equivalent to.

Adjective

 * Of, pertaining to, or near the femur or thigh.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: бедрен
 * Catalan: femoral
 * Czech: ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * German: femoral,, , femoralis
 * Interlingua: femoral
 * Italian:
 * Latin: femorālis
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Volapük: femurik

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  of, pertaining to, or near the femur or thigh

title: femoral


text:
fibril

Etymology
, of. . Compare.

Noun

 * 1) A fine fibre or filament.
 * 2)  Any fine, filamentous structure in animals or plants.

Translations

 * Dutch:
 * French:
 * Norwegian:

 * French:
 * Greek:
 * Norwegian:

Noun

 * 1) fibril

Etymology
Borrowed from, a diminutive of.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: fibril


text:
fibrosis

Noun

 * 1)  The formation of (excess) fibrous connective tissue in an organ.

Derived terms

 * hepatofibrosis
 * microfibrosis
 * steatofibrosis
 * microfibrosis
 * steatofibrosis
 * steatofibrosis

Translations

 * Catalan: fibrosi
 * Czech: fibróza
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: Fibrose
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese: fibrose
 * Spanish:

Noun

 * 1) fibrosis

title: fibrosis


text: fibulae

title: fibulae


text:
fibular

Adjective

 * 1)  Of or pertaining to the fibula

title: fibular


text:
tortora

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) turtle dove

title: tortora


text:
tortora dal collare orientale

Noun

 * 1) collared dove, properly the Eurasian collared dove

title: tortora dal collare orientale


text:
allocco

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) tawny owl or brown owl

Noun

 * 1) sucker, chump

title: allocco


text:
allocco degli Urali

Noun

 * 1) Ural owl

title: allocco degli Urali


text:
Talk:incoming

1. Present participle of to incoming. isn't this wrong? Is there a verb "to incoming"? --84.162.198.154 16:13, 14 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks for spotting that. I have rewritten the definition. SemperBlotto 16:54, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:incoming


text:
торговля

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) trade, commerce, sale, business

title: торговля


text:
User talk:Drruddicomb

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wiktionary. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * Wiktionary Tutorial
 * How to edit a page
 * How to start a page
 * Our format guidelines
 * Criteria for inclusion
 * Wiktionary Sandbox (a safe place for testing syntax)
 * What Wiktionary is not
 * FAQ

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wiktionarian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk (discussion) and vote pages using four tildes, like this: ~~~~, which automatically produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the beer parlour or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! RJFJR 16:48, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Drruddicomb


text:
User talk:Devaldivia

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wiktionary. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * Wiktionary Tutorial
 * How to edit a page
 * How to start a page
 * Our format guidelines
 * Criteria for inclusion
 * Wiktionary Sandbox (a safe place for testing syntax)
 * What Wiktionary is not
 * FAQ

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wiktionarian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk (discussion) and vote pages using four tildes, like this: ~~~~, which automatically produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the beer parlour or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! RJFJR 16:48, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Devaldivia


text:
diamond crossing

Etymology
From the diamond shape that is formed by the four rails at the intersection.

Noun

 * 1)  An at-grade junction between two crossing railroad tracks.

title: diamond crossing


text:
fleecing

Noun

 * 1) A confidence trick.

title: fleecing


text:
diamond junction

Etymology
From the diamond shape that is formed by the four rails at the intersection.

Noun

 * 1)  An at-grade junction between two crossing railroad tracks.

title: diamond junction


text:
level junction

Noun

 * 1)  An at-grade junction between two crossing railroad tracks.

Translations

 * Czech: úrovňové křížení

title: level junction


text:
flat junction

Noun

 * 1)  An at-grade junction between two crossing railroad tracks.

title: flat junction


text:
railroad track

Noun

 * 1)  A pair of formed steel rails, separated and supported usually on wooden or concrete ties or sleepers, forming a track along which flange-wheeled railroad vehicles may travel.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:, , , rautatiekiskot, ratakiskot
 * French:
 * German: ,
 * Japanese: 鉄道線路,
 * Macedonian: пруга
 * Maori: ara tereina
 * Plautdietsch: Bon
 * Polish: tory kolejowe
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: железнодоро́жный путь, железнодоро́жное полотно́
 * Spanish: vía del ferrocarril
 * Swedish:

title: railroad track


text:
Talk:торговля

What formatting does this article need? It is frustrating when an article is requested for something or other, but no explanation given in the Talk page. Rredwell 17:10, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

 * My guess would be, and that's what I did, to make it look like all the other Russian noun entries. — V-ball 17:20, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:торговля


text: User:Rredwell

title: User:Rredwell


text:
Category talk:User languages

How would one add a user category for ga (Irish)? Rredwell 17:17, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

 * How do you search this list if you don't know the two-letter code for a language? SemperBlotto 11:07, 8 May 2008 (UTC)

title: Category talk:User languages


text:
cyanidiophyte

Noun

 * 1) Any thermophilic red alga of class.

title: cyanidiophyte


text:
red alga

Noun

 * 1) Any algae of the phyla Rhodophyta, principally, and, mostly reddish in colour.

Translations

 * Finnish: punalevä
 * German:
 * Maori: pāpataura
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish: alga roja

title: red alga


text:
すみ

Etymology 1
From, first appearing in 762. Cognate with.

In turn, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Possibly derived from the homophonous  of verb, from the way that cinders are left after a fire has finished burning.

Possibly also related to.

Noun

 * 1)  charcoal
 * 2)  a coal or cinder from a fire
 * 3)   coal
 * 1)   coal
 * 1)   coal

Etymology 2
From, first appearing in the  of 720 with the phonetic spelling. Cognate with.

In turn, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Possibly derived from the homophonous  of verb, from the way that cinders are left after a fire has finished burning.

Possibly also related to, from which India ink is made.

Noun

 * 1) ink
 * 2)  India ink

Etymology 3
From the verb, in turn from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  finish, completion, conclusion

Etymology 4
From, first appearing in the  of 712 with the phonetic spelling.

Considering the different pitch accent, this appears to be unrelated to the "charcoal; ink; finish" senses.

Noun

 * 1) interior corner (e.g., of a room or board surface), nook

Etymology 5
From. The use of the kanji is an example of, in this case, phonosemantic matching with a possible conflation of senses.

First cited to a text from 1833.

Noun

 * 1)  sourness, sour taste, sour flavor

Noun

 * 1)  hobby; taste, preference

title: すみ


text:
dictyostelid

Noun

 * 1) Any slime mold of the order, which exist either as individual amoebae or aggregated as a pseudoplasmodium.

title: dictyostelid


text:
Dictyosteliida

Hypernyms

 * ; - subphylum;  - class

Hyponyms

 * , - families

title: Dictyosteliida


text:
Stelamoebea

Hypernyms

 * ; - subphylum;  - infraphylum

Hyponyms

 * , - orders

title: Stelamoebea


text:
Mycetozoa

Etymology
A compound of the.

Hyponyms

 * , – classes;  – genus

title: Mycetozoa


text:
Conosa

Hyponyms

 * ,, (syn. ), ,  - classes

title: Conosa


text:
security procedure

Noun

 * 1) A procedure or set of procedures followed to ensure that state secrets, trade secrets, data, etc. are not compromised.

Translations

 * Japanese: セキュリティー手続き (セキュリティーてつづき, sekyuritii tetsuzuki)

title: security procedure


text:
terms and conditions

Noun

 * 1)  A specification of restrictions for the use of goods or services.
 * According to the terms and conditions, we're allowed to make a single copy of the software for backup purposes.
 * Variously abbreviated as T&C, T&Cs, Ts & Cs

Translations

 * Dutch:, algemene voorwaarden
 * French: termes et conditions
 * Galician: termos e condicións
 * Georgian: მომსახურების პირობები, გამოყენების პირობები, წესები და პირობები
 * German: Nutzungsbedingungen
 * Indonesian: syarat dan ketentuan
 * Japanese: 利用条件
 * Korean:
 * Malay:
 * Jawi: ترما دان شرط
 * Rumi: terma dan syarat
 * Portuguese: termos e condições
 * Spanish: términos y condiciones
 * Welsh: telerau ac amodau

title: terms and conditions


text:
scandalmonger

Noun

 * 1) A person who trades in gossip; one who collects and disseminates rumors.
 * The reporter for the tabloid called himself a journalist but was really nothing more than a scandalmonger.

Related terms

 * ,, , and its derived terms

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Irish: béadánaí
 * Italian: scandalista

title: scandalmonger


text: scandalmongers

title: scandalmongers


text:
scandalously

Adverb

 * 1) In a scandalous manner.
 * She was seen running for her life scandalously underclad.

title: scandalously


text:
scoopful

Noun

 * 1) The quantity in a scoop.

Translations

 * Finnish: kauhallinen

title: scoopful


text:
scorner

Noun

 * 1) One who scorns.

title: scorner


text:
swankiness

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) The state or quality of being swanky.
 * The hotel was noted for its swankiness, but to me it looked tacky.

title: swankiness


text:
swampland

Noun

 * 1)  Low-lying land that is regularly flooded; especially such land that is drier than a bog or a marsh.
 * 2)  The set of effective low-energy physical theories that are not compatible with quantum gravity.

Translations

 * Malayalam:
 * Maori: kūkūwai
 * Portuguese:

title: swampland


text:
Wiktionary:Sysop deleted

You have most likely arrived at this page after following a link in a deletion log comment.

By default, MediaWiki (the software that Wiktionary runs) includes a portion of the deleted content in the deletion log. Some vandalism contains personal information, and so Wiktionary uses JavaScript to override this behaviour. Originally, the summary was replaced with the text --explanation of deletion--, which linked to a previous version of this page. This was then extended to the current system, which lets administrators choose a range of standard deletion summaries or enter their own custom ones.

This page explains the most likely reasons for each deletion, and what you can do next. In all cases you can contact the administrator who deleted the page, but you are encouraged to read this page first. Sometimes, the deletion comment seems to be obviously wrong; the most likely reason is that the administrator hit the wrong option, and after the entry is deleted it is too late to correct.

In all cases, the deletion of an entry means that the existing entry had no place on Wiktionary, but it's still possible that some entry should be created with that title.

Attack page or other personally identifiable info
Wiktionary often deletes pages which are potentially libelous or contain personal information.

Bad redirect
Wiktionary generally does not use redirects, unlike Wikipedia, because spelling is of tantamount importance in a dictionary, particularly for headwords. Since we aim to include all words in all languages, a redirect is very rarely appropriate, as the word probably exists with that spelling in another language. For example, Wikipedia might redirect to, but  is also a French word meaning  in the sense of a badge worn by certain military officers.

Wiktionary's entry titles are case sensitive, and we do not redirect from one capitalisation to another because they can be completely different words. For example, is an English adjective and  is a German noun.

Wikipedia navigation redirects assist people looking up concepts; a lookup in this dictionary however, can only assume the person is checking a particular spelling. If a redirect is in place, the reader is unlikely to realize they spelled the word incorrectly.

Bad entry title
Wiktionary deletes pages which have bad titles. This is often the case if the title contains punctuation.

Copyright violation
Wiktionary does not tolerate copyright violations. See Copyrights for more information.

Creative invention or Protologism
Wiktionary's Criteria for inclusion state that a word must have been in use for at least a year before being included here. Protologisms are words that have been proposed to fill a lexical gap (that is, a meaning for which there is not currently a word) but which have not actually been used.

Failed RFD; do not re-enter
This term (in a particular language) failed WT:RFD. Do not re-enter it. You may re-enter a different term, especially in a different language.

Failed RFV; do not re-enter without valid citations
This term failed WT:RFV. You need to provide proof that the word exists if you re-create it.

Fatuous entry
This deletion summary is used when there's simply nothing to be said for an entry: it may have been a joke, a ridiculous claim, or a bit of vanity; in any case, it simply wasn't worth keeping.

Misspelling of
This deletion summary is intended to be used for editor misspellings: when an editor creates an entry for a certain word, but misspells it in the title. The administrator deleting the entry should then indicate what the correct spelling is; if instead the deletion summary links here, that indicates that the administrator either neglected to do so or made a mistake of some sort (likely clicking in the wrong place). If it is not clear what the correct spelling is (try a search of Wiktionary entries, using a search engine or using the spell check facility in a word processor or similar application), then you can ask the administrator who performed the deletion.

(Note: Wiktionary does include "misspelling of" entries, but only for particularly common misspellings, such as . Most editor misspellings do not warrant such entries.)

No usable content given
Sometimes a new editor will create an entry with no content except "What does this mean?", or a repetition of the headword, or the like. Since the entry contains absolutely no usable content, either (1) no entry should exist with this title, in which case there's no point keeping it, or (2) we want someone to write a real entry, in which case it makes sense to delete the existing one so that inbound links will be red and hopefully attract the attention of someone who can help.

Nonsense/gibberish
Similar to the above, but more wordy.

Not dictionary material, please see WT:CFI
Wiktionary is not Wikipedia.

Orphaned talk page
A talk-page (discussion page) is said to be "orphaned" if the page it discusses does not exist. Some orphaned talk pages, such as user-talk pages for users who haven't created user-pages, are clearly acceptable, and should not be deleted; however, in most cases a talk-page is supposed to be for the improvement of a corresponding non-talk-page. If there is no corresponding non-talk-page, then the talk-page arguably serves no purpose, and arguably should be deleted. (This has been a matter of some debate, however.)

Previously deleted/failed RFD or RFV
This deletion summary is used if an entry has been deleted before and then re-added without addressing the reason(s) why it was deleted. The initial deletion was most likely because there was consensus at Requests for deletion (RFD) that it does not belong on Wiktionary, or no citations showing the word in use were provided following a listing at Requests for verification (RFV).

There should be one or more previous entries in the deletion log that give the reason it was deleted before. If there isn't then the deleting administrator made a mistake in selecting this summary and you should contact them to ascertain the reason it was deleted.

Entries that have been re-entered after being deleted are the most likely to be protected against recreation. If you want to enter a different word at this title, or have evidence that the previous entry was deleted in error (usually this will be in the form of citations showing the word meets our Criteria for inclusion (CFI)), see the "Protected titles" section further down this page.

Promotional material
As a wiki, Wiktionary is sometimes targeted by individuals wishing to promote their own Web sites, companies, products, and so on. These individuals are frequently well-meaning, and genuinely believe that Wiktionary is an appropriate forum for such promotion; however, they are mistaken: Wiktionary is free as in speech, not as in spam.

This applies to user-pages as well as to actual entries; see Usernames and user pages.

What if I think the deletion was wrong?
Contact the administrator who deleted the page, or comment on WT:RFD.

What if I want to add a different word?
Add it! If the page is protected, write on the talk page, contact the administrator who protected the page, or comment in the Tea Room.

Protected titles
Sometimes a page is protected so that only administrators can create an entry there. This is usually done where a page that has been deleted has been repeatedly recreated. If you want to create a different entry there you can contact an administrator on their talk page to request unprotection. Be polite, and remember to say what entry you want to create.

Unless it is clear that the entry is for a very different word to the one that was deleted (for example it is in a different language) it is probable that they will ask you to prove the word does meet our Criteria for inclusion. This is done by providing three citations spanning at least a year that convey meaning - see Criteria for inclusion.

If the deletion was recent, it is often best to contact the administrator who carried out the deletion, as they are more likely to be familiar with the history of the entry. Alternatively, you can find a list of active administrators at Administrators.

Other notes
Other reasons for deletion include: that a category was unused, that a template was unused. That a sysop/administrator was merely clearing an entry from the database (which does not mean the entry cannot ever be recreated, but does however, suggest that the entry as submitted was inadequate). User pages of permanently blocked users.

title: Wiktionary:Sysop deleted


text:
User:Connel MacKenzie/del-cmnt.js

// This used to link to sysop-Deleted, don't delete that page.

function deletionComment { var reason = document.getElementById('wpReason'); if (reason) { reason.value = "--explanation of deletion--"; } }

if (wgAction == "delete") addOnloadHook( deletionComment );

title: User:Connel MacKenzie/del-cmnt.js


text:
Wiktionary talk:Sysop deleted

Well, the 'namespaces' thing failed again...so deletions will certainly be increasing again. May as well have a cleaner way of "helping" people. --Connel MacKenzie 18:52, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

Why
So what's the best way for me to find out why an entry I wrote, and it's talk page, were deleted? It was Winchell Mathiastck 18:50, 9 June 2007 (UTC)

 * The deletion log says "use limited to Heinlein". If you doubt that you can request to have it restored at WT:RFD. DAVilla 06:02, 8 December 2007 (UTC)

Why limit? Soannello (talk) 15:34, 28 December 2019 (UTC)

Grammar
Article has "criteria is held"; should be, I suppose, "criteria are held". Equinox 22:02, 22 September 2008 (UTC).

I suggest the start of "5. Unlike Wikipedia, we do not use redirects almost at all." should be reworded as: "5. Unlike Wikipedia, we almost never use redirects.". Trafford09 12:00, 20 January 2009 (UTC).

Re: Some people think this is Wikipedia. But it is not. Therefore, do not enter redirects.
Well, if I find a misspelling, I can create the new (correctly spelled) page, but I can't remove the old (misspelled) one. Making the old page a redirect to the new one seems to be the best course of action, pending a deletion by somebody with those rights. In other words, redirects could be entered without the user believing this to be Wikipedia.

I therefore request this language be improved. Reason: It is condescending towards new users.

Also, if this were Wikipedia, I would have slapped a {weasel} tag on the sloppy usage of "Some people think"... ;-)

85.227.226.177 17:04, 30 October 2008 (UTC)

 * Firstly, you can move the page (you do have to be a logged in user). That will leave a redirect, that will be eventually cleaned up. Or you can create the new page and tag the incorrect one for deletion ( or if you are from WP ;-).

 * And this is not wikipedia. However, some people do think it is, even when reminded. Robert Ullmann 17:11, 30 October 2008 (UTC)

Wrong word
In this entry, 'tantamount' (meaning 'effectively equivalent') is used instead of the correct 'paramount'.

 * Good catch, thanks! —Ruakh TALK 15:55, 5 November 2009 (UTC)

Capitalization redirects, or capitalization redirects
Re capitalization redirects, point 8 says: "Generally, these are all deleted as they are found." Is this still true/policy/procedure? Redirections says if you enter a word starting with an uppercase letter in the searchbox, the software will automatically convert it. This is true, but the software does NOT convert case from links. Clicking the example of Work takes you to a page saying "Wiktionary does not yet have an entry for Work" and asks "Did you mean work?

Should the "Wiktionary does not yet have an entry for ..." pages template be changed to also say "If an incorrectly capitalised red link brought you to this page, please go back and fix that link to (in this example) work, thank you."?? Thanks, -- Bricaniwi 14:40, 5 December 2009 (UTC)

categorization
This page is uncategorized. Is it intentional?--Diuturno 11:34, 8 February 2010 (UTC)
 * I don't think it really needs a category, as people mainly find it in the recent changes. However, what category would we use? Mglovesfun (talk) 11:39, 8 February 2010 (UTC)
 * I dont know, maybe Category:Wiktionary policies --Diuturno 11:44, 8 February 2010 (UTC)

This page has several problems. Is not categorized and does not state in the lead its legimacy status, if its a policy, a guideline, and which discussions and votes approved it. In this case the page is just a draft and was never legitimized by a vote/discussion.--ShedCorner 23:50, 21 November 2010 (UTC)

 * It is neither a policy nor a guideline. It has no normative component. Rather, it is strictly informative, seeking to help readers understand why a given entry was deleted. (One may doubt how successful it is, however.) —Ruakh TALK 15:40, 22 November 2010 (UTC)

hey
i got linked here from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voulez-vous_coucher_avec_moi%3F but because someone delted it i cannot find out what 'se coucher' means even though the link is there

Redirect issue

 * ''"Since we include all words in all languages, a redirect is very rarely appropriate, as the word probably exists with that spelling in another language."

This line should be stricken. It is very rarely the case that a misspelling redirect is a spelling in another language, and furthermore it is never the case that in such a circumstance, converting the redirect into a dictionary definition entry is ever seen as worthy of controversy. Besides, it has nothing to do with the main point.
 * "If a redirect  [from a misspelling] '' is in place, the reader is unlikely to realize they spelled the word wrong."

This is the real issue the anti-redirect policy is trying to address. I wish Wiktionary would move away from the general attitude that redirects are bad, to a case-by-case analysis. In these situations, redirects are not appropriate. In these other situations, redirects are appropriate.

Having said that, I see no issue with Wiktionary having spelling suggestion pages in the future. --Bxj 11:48, 14 April 2011 (UTC)
 * WT:REDIR addresses this, but you're right to say that text isn't quite spot on. --Mglovesfun (talk) 11:52, 14 April 2011 (UTC)

Furthermore I was under the impression that the main reason separate articles were preferred to prevent Americans and Britons from bickering. I see this as a highly unlikely situation, and even in this case, I still see redirect contributions as being more valuable than redirect deletion notice page. Terrible from a contributor-friendliness perspective, for no value at that. --Bxj 12:01, 14 April 2011 (UTC)
 * No, it's becaus we include all words in all languages, British and American spellings are all words. --Mglovesfun (talk) 12:06, 14 April 2011 (UTC)

Typo
Please add the word "exist" after "may" in this clause: "the word may with that spelling in another language". Thanks. Graham87 03:48, 15 May 2011 (UTC)

 * Fixed, thanks! —Ruakh TALK 23:28, 15 May 2011 (UTC)

Proposal: mandatory notification
A proposal that affects this process has been initiated at Wiktionary talk:Page deletion guidelines. —  C M B J  08:41, 5 June 2013 (UTC)

Tosh?
Sometimes I see "tosh" in deletion log summaries, as in this deletion log entry for irony board. What does this mean? If possible, post this info in the appropriate section. Also contact me on my user talk. 108.216.28.198 00:39, 19 March 2014 (UTC)

 * It means balderdash. —Stephen (Talk) 01:12, 19 March 2014 (UTC)
 * See tosh. DCDuring TALK 02:05, 19 March 2014 (UTC)

And as used in deletion summaries? This is not my last name (talk) 12:22, 26 March 2014 (UTC)

 * In deletion summaries it means the entry was balderdash. —Stephen (Talk) 22:28, 26 March 2014 (UTC)

I'm assuming fatuous entries. Is this accurate? This is not my last name (talk) 14:18, 27 March 2014 (UTC)

 * Silly nonsense. Twaddle. Have you tried looking up tosh? —Stephen (Talk) 03:29, 28 March 2014 (UTC)

Edit request
Add "for example" before "iwb7,,r vb6ubƷ eww+teg3 yueЏvthgv31v.3fvmos7?". Johnny Shiz (talk) 01:29, 16 December 2018 (UTC)

 * Pinging . Johnny Shiz (talk) 21:50, 27 February 2019 (UTC)

title: Wiktionary talk:Sysop deleted


text:
Talk:swankiness

Elegant? Trendy, maybe, but not elegant! --Connel MacKenzie 19:20, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:swankiness


text:
legio

Etymology
Borrowed from, after the story of Legio and the demoniac. The neuter gender in the noun sense “multitude” is influenced by the related term. .

Adjective

 * , numerous

Noun

 * 1)  A, a.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) legion

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  A legion.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) legion

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) legion

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) legion (numerous)
 * 2)  customary
 * 3)  acceptable, legitimate
 * 1)  acceptable, legitimate
 * 1)  acceptable, legitimate
 * 1)  acceptable, legitimate

Usage notes
and are recent usage and considered erroneous by some. is perhaps inspired by.

title: legio


text: legionis

title: legionis


text: galeae

title: galeae


text:
is-to-be

Adjective

 * 1) Something that is potential, eventual, or prospective.

title: is-to-be


text: imbris

title: imbris


text:
Talk:Lord willing and the creek don't rise

Origin of phrase
The idea, espoused below, that the remark should be attributed to Benjamin Hawkins is patently ridiculous. If you read the history attached to the citation, you'll see that Hawkins was devoted to the Creek. He married his common-law Creek wife on his death bed. The Creek were at peace during most of Hawkins' tenure as Superintendent of the Tribes of the Ohio River. Although there was an uprising by the Red Sticks, part of the Creek nation, Hawkins would not have referred to them generically as Creek because he was trying to protect the Creek nation from being penalized for the actions of the Red Sticks.

Despite what M-W says, the remark was first said by Benjamin Hawkins, q.v., and the phrase should be correctly written as 'God willing and the Creek don't rise'. Hawkins, college-educated and a well-written man would never have made a grammatical error[*], so the capitalization of Creek is the only way the phrase could make sense. He wrote it in response to a request from the President to return to our Nation's Capital and the reference is not to a creek, but The Creek Indian Nation. If the Creek "rose", Hawkins would have to be present to quell the rebellion. I believe that the phrase is somewhere in his preserved writings. 14:45, 15 July 2008 78.16.70.89 [*see 4 Nov. 2011 comment below. It is not a grammatical error.]

At the same time there is some evidence that the creation of Fort Deposit (Fort Deposite) in Georgia was a cause of concern in that munitions and arms were stockpiled. The Creek so-called civil war of 1812 involving the Red Stick faction, and their combat North and South, appears to have been an impetus for that fort's creation. The New Madrid earthquake (reputedly the largest in recorded history in North America) created the division between traditionalist Creek (Red Sticks) and those more willing to seek accommodation with the majority of the tribe. The resulting warfare and predictable civilian losses in the South reportedly gave rise (using the Southern frontier penchant for willin' as opposed to the educated willing) to the phrase which was then likely mistakenly attributed to Hawkins due to his Native American connections. I've changed the etymology listed for this entry. My research indicates that this phrase actually has nothing to do with the Creek Native American tribe. Cite, from Merriam Webster.] 16:00, 14 November 2006 Msmitey

The cite you listed is broken but retrievable here:   11:59, 10 February 2008 220.81.186.159

Please consider the alternative form God willing and the river don't rise before spreading the spurious folk etymology. DCDuring TALK 16:44, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

 * That seems pertinent to the discussion. A creek is a rather small stream, and the flooding of one is not a particularly catastrophic event that would generally prevent one from doing something one intended. An attack by Creek warriors, on the other hand... that could set back some plans.

After reading most of the discussion here, it seems that you've run into what happens when concepts captured by what seems an apt turn of phrase are simply too general to be able to work your way back to one origin point and be able to say, "There it is! That's the very beginning, and that's the person who said it." Linguistic development rarely works that way, much less the history documenting it! That's why they came up with the phrase "conventional wisdom," because clear credit for one origination is just not realistic in most such cases--this one, included. I don't think you'll be able to get to one origination, and having stood in the state of Alabama as a university-trained oral historian and discussed the phrase at lectures, museum tours, and such, I would never claim that we "invented" the phrase in the state and somehow had it spread out to widespread popular use from out little corner of the country. Yet there is no denying that certain phrases and sayings come to have particular resonance within contexts at flashpoints in time. Benjamin Hawkins and others in Alabama during that period quite easily could have and likely did draw on the double meaning when they wrote and spoke, and the conflicts with Native Americans in Alabama were national in focus. Finding a reference to the Creek in Alabama sources doesn't mean that all grannies in some other state were thinking about war instead of water as a metaphor for unforeseen complications, but the list of what is included in consciousness around the metaphor didn't have to stop at water, either. War is one of those things that can unexpectedly complicate the uncertain future, too, and until the final push West, war in America didn't have to cross an ocean to find you.

Meaning: With good luck and no major problems we can be successful

In the early 1800s there were 19 tribal groups of American Indians that joined together and formed the Creek Confederacy, which fought wars with the white settlers who wanted their lands.

They occupied what is now known as Alabama and Georgia. Therefor if the "Lord is willing and the Creek don't rise" up and start up another uprising or battle, we will be able complete what ever it is we intend to do. 06:39, 20 May 2008 Victoriaandvictoria

 * Whether it is "Creeks" or "creeks" would be equally plausible on hearing it. However, none of the mentions of this term that I found on books.google.com spell "Creeks" or "Creek" with a capital. The alternative wordings involving "river" and "crick" are not consistent with the "Creeks" reading. Please provide evidence in the form of citations so we can seriously consider this.
 * I can find about 30 quotes for various forms of this, none of which are capitalized. I have yet to find a variant that refers to any other population of Native Americans. I have found the expression explicitly in use in South Carolina, where the Creeks were not. (my searches have been for "lord-willing-and-the", "lord-willin-and-the", "lord-willing-an-the", and "lord-willin-an-the") And please make your comments below one you are answering and sign it by typing: " ~ " at the end of your comments. Registering makes it easier to leave user-specific messages and conveys other convenience benefits. DCDuring TALK 19:53, 15 July 2008 (UTC)

It strikes me as rather implausible that just because the speaker was college educated he mystically loses the ability to make a grammatical error.[*] Assuming the reference is to a body of water and not the Tribe, it sounds like a country saying and he may have been repeating the rustic version, complete with grammatical error. Liastnir 19:06, 12 December 2008 (UTC) [*See 4 Nov. 2011 comment. It is not a grammatical error, but correct usage of the subjunctive to express a desired state.]

 * certainly possible, but the main issue is whether the term has anything to do with native Americans. It's somewhat plausible, but not consistent with the alternative forms and the capitalisation by numerous users of the phrase. Our reasoning is based on inference from usage patterns. Someone's assertion without good authority or good argument is worth little. Etymology is beset with "folk etymologies" that are like urban legends. DCDuring TALK 01:29, 13 December 2008 (UTC)

 * It is also worth noting that norms for capitalization in English were quite different in the early 19th century. Capitalization was more fluid than modern convention allows, and common nouns could be capitalized in mid-sentence, simply to emphasize them. Even with capitalization faithfully preserved, a capitalized "Creek" from the 19th century does not necessarily mean it isn't referring to a waterway. --EncycloPetey 01:34, 13 December 2008 (UTC)

On first impression, like DCDuring, I was suspicious that the creek=indian tribe explanation was simply folk etymology. After looking for some hard evidence, however, I now believe it has some solid support.

Surprisingly, there appear to be no reliable references for this phrase's origin, at least none that I can find. The Merriam Webster reference cited above is no more than a blog, without citations to any authoritative source. Many sources on the web repeat the story that the phrase originated from Benjamin Hawkins, but none cites any source. Although some suggest the phrase appears in his published works, it is absent from the Google Books digitized copy of "The collected works of Benjamin Hawkins, 1796-1810."

I then searched Google Books for the earliest use of the phrase or a similar phrase. In an obscure 1908 publication from Alabama, I found the following:

 * "'if the Lord is willing and the creek don't fire,' we will so do".

Source: [http://books.google.com/books?id=5WUiAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA232&dq=%22willing+and+the+creek+don%27t%22&lr=&as_drrb_is=b&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=1920&as_brr=0&as_pt=ALLTYPES&ei=aLsVSpXaF5CozgSHpfDaBA#PRA1-PA232,M1 Proceedings of the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge Jurisdiction of Alabama, A:F & A: of Alabama at the Eighty Eighth Annual Communication held at Montgomery, Alabama, Brown Printing Co., Montgomery, Alabama (1908), page 232. ].

This is the earliest published form of the phrase I could locate. Even though the word "creek" is not capitalized, it clearly refers to the indians, as streams do not "fire." Perhaps it also is significant that the source was printed in Alabama, where the Creek people were from.

Interestingly, the phrase "God willing and the creek don't rise" appears only to have become popular relatively recently. It doesn't appear in Google Books until the 1950s, where two works used it, and four times in the 1960s.

That is all the hard evidence I can find. There are two arguments I can think of which support Creek=indian tribe:

[**See comment at 4 Nov. 2011 -- It is also the correct form for third person singular subjunctive.]
 * First, it makes the phrase grammatically correct. The "don't" is the correct verb for the (plural) Creek {people}.[**]

 * Second, the phrase presently is understood as a cute folkism, using the incorrect plural verb "don't" for the singular subject "creek" (stream), or even substituting "crick". But it may be unlikely that such phrases originate as intentionally cute folkisms; if the word "creek" referred to the tribe, the phrase originated as an ordinary saying, and only later was invested with the folksy interpretation.   Ecphora 01:40, 22 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Interesting. Good hunting! The cuteness is often a part of a self-consciously folksy sort of expression like this. I was certainly present in the related other forms below. I don't know if we can find anything written down about more "authentic" folk usage. Literate Southerners (like Freemasons?) seem to often take pride in these folk expressions. The "don't" thing would be part of that, because it has long been part of the regional UK dialects that scholars say have had so much influence on Southern US speech and, relatedly, on the "Afro-American Vernacular English" apparently mostly derived from it. The formula of "Lord/God willing and X" (where X is not a non-religious contingency) seems to have a much older history than the expression itself.

 * I would not object to having an entry for the Indian expression in capitals or as an additonal sense in this entry if we could have three quotes either in capitals or otherwise more consistent with the Creek interpretation (as your Freemason cite is). Obviously, the one with the earliest citations has temporal priority. The formula should also be mentioned, but I'm not sure that there is any one expression that is as widespread as this one, whatever its origins and whether or not it has changed from its original use. DCDuring TALK 02:12, 22 May 2009 (UTC)

"Miss Adeliah Anguish will have a party two-morrow [sic] week, if the creek don't rise." The Geneva Gazette, Geneva, NY, Friday, April 6, 1883 available online at Old Fulton NY Post Cards (http://fultonhistory.com/Fulton.html).

 * I was able to do some more research, mostly on newspaperarchive.com, and I found the following early uses of the phrase:

 * “As Mr. Morrison puts it, ‘If the Lord is willing and the creeks don’t rise,’ the tariff battle will begin in the House to-day.”  The Daily News, Frederick Maryland, Dec. 18, 1886, excerpted from the Baltimore Herald.

 * “Postmaster Clark says that ‘no preventing providence and the creeks don’t rise’ he will get into the new postoffice by the first of October.” Portsmouth Times, Portsmouth, Ohio, August 6, 1892.

 * “If the Lord is willing and the creeks are not up, you may count on me attending ...”  Dallas Morning News.  Sept 12, 1899.

 * “‘If the Lord is willing and the creeks don’t raise the undersigned will have a public vendue [sic]...’” Lancaster Daily Eagle, Lancaster, Ohio, Jan. 29, 1916.

 * Some of these significantly pre-date the Alabama Freemansons' quote and indicate that the phrase originally referred to streams. (I have found nothing other than that single quote to support the Benjamin Hawkins theory.) Interestingly, these early quotes all use "creeks" in the plural, so that the phrase was gramatically correct and not an intentionally cute folkism ("creek don't") as I doubted.

I suspect now that the creek=indian tribe is a later interpretation. Ecphora 23:01, 25 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Good information. I'm beginning to think that we should just always go with the less or least colorful etymology. We'd rarely be wrong. OTOH, if we wait a while we might get some contradictory evidence, but I'd bet against it. DCDuring TALK 23:40, 25 May 2009 (UTC)

 * You're absolutely right. In my experience, an etymology involving a catchy story is almost invariably invented.  I would like to incorporate some of these quotes into the article, but I haven't done much editing on Wiktionary yet, and I'm not clear about accepted form.  Ecphora 00:54, 26 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I recommend following the model I have inserted on the citations page. Only quotations with the exact wording should go on the main page. The quotations that are really close can go on the alternative forms section. Others can go on the related forms section. If we get three with the exact same new wording we should start a new entry for that new wording. Note that order doesn't matter when using any of the main citations templates as long as the "parameter name=content" format is used. Also note that I had to cheat to get the "excerpted from" into the template. DCDuring TALK 01:38, 26 May 2009 (UTC)

12.46.72.126 21:53, 11 May 2010 (UTC)See anyone stuck in the Nashville Flood of 2010 for reference on what this quote means. I believe it is a quite literal interpretation. Sometimes ole timers knew exactly what they were saying12.46.72.126 21:53, 11 May 2010 (UTC)

Of course the phrase contains a subversive spin by giving lip service to the unknowable hackneyed and resigned tautology that whatever happens is "the Lord's will" paired with the conditional practical and utterly mundane determinant which is beyond anyone's, and seemingly even the Lord's, control.

'''Re: Origin of phrase. The phrase "the creek don't rise" is proper use of the subjunctive.'''

 * It is a modern error to presume that "the creek don't rise" is a grammatical error, so the fact that a speaker in the past was college educated would not be an argument against his having used the phrase. Nor is grammar an argument in favor the the subject being plural.

 * As with the phrase from the Lord's prayer, "Thy will be done", the phrase "God willing and the creek don't rise" uses the subjunctive to express a sense of the desirability of the activity of the verb. The English subjunctive is constructed by using the same basic form of the verb used in the infinitive, without inflections to show the person or number of the subject.

 * Up to the introduction of MS Word, proper use of the subjunctive was still common among the educated and uneducated alike. Now, however, we have "educated" people writing such phrases as "it is necessary that he is there" when what they mean is, "it is necessary that he be there." Thanks to the combination of dropping the teaching of grammar from schools and the rise in reliance on word processing grammar checkers, we have a full generation of otherwise educated people who think when they encounter correct use of the subjunctive that they are witnessing a grammatical error.

 * There is a difference in meaning between "it is necessary that he be there" and "it is necessary that he is there": the former means that his being there (in the future) is a requirement, the latter means he is there, now, as a matter of necessity -- that is, it is impossible for him to be elsewhere. Similarly, if what you mean is that it is important to read the directions you would say, "it is important that she read the directions", NOT "it is important that she reads the directions." Again, the former expresses that the act of reading the directions is important. The second says that she is reading the directions and the fact that she is currently reading them is important. These mean different things.

 * Due to the creators of MS Word not understanding the subjunctive, and having designed the program to tell users that correct English is wrong, we've now got a critical mass of English speakers who have lost the ability to use the subjunctive or even accept its use. And an important distinction in meaning is being lost.

Kpl85 16:01, 4 November 2011 (UTC)

 * I think your conclusion that "[t]he phrase 'the creek don't rise' is proper use of the subjunctive," is in error. The word "does" or "do" in operative part of the phrase indicates that it's in the present negative indicative and not the subjunctive at all.  And the phrase as a whole is not a statement of the desireability of the verb, it's a conditional.  If it were the jussive or mandative subjunctive, you'd have to precede it with at laest an implied declarative content clause (or that-clause) expressing a circumstance that is desired, demanded, recommended, necessary, or similar; like, "It is desired that God be willing and the creek not [be] risen."  But that's not how this phrase is used; it's invariably used simply to express a predictive condition.  And while you can express such a condition in the subjunctive, e.g., "I'll go if God be willing and the creek be not risen," only a pirate would say that.  And the pirate would have no use at all for the word "do."  Expanding the contractions, correcting the grammar, and including the omitted words, what we rally have here is, "I'll go if God is willing and the creek does not rise," but with the wrong form of the verb "to do" (unless "creek" is plural).Jagcowan (talk) 20:00, 31 October 2012 (UTC)

 * Don't blame MS Word for the death of the subjunctive mood. First, few people actually use its grammar-wrecking feature (on account of it being nearly useless).  Second, people have been saying "I wish I was" instead of "I wish I were" at least since my mother taught me the difference 30 years ago, when MS Word didn't even exist.  Sorry, but the subjunctive disappeared from vernacular English a long time ago. -173.15.229.22 01:06, 10 September 2012 (UTC)

 * Can we have some input from actual sources, rather than uninformed editorial speculation? It is already known that Hawkins was a diplomat with the Indians; a reference to rising water was clearly not his intentions. I have also heard elderly folklorists in the Georgia area explain that this is a reference to the Creek Indians.

There is no citation for a body of water at all.

http://knol.google.com/k/nicole-williams/origin-of-the-phrase-god-willing-and/2syhui1zwwxai/5#

69.15.219.71 21:31, 9 April 2012 (UTC)

I've yet to see any solid evidence Hawkins said or wrote any such thing. As others have noted, the supposed Hawkins letter containing the phrase is not included in his collection of letters. Michael Quinion identifies a couple of mid-19th century instances of the phrase at http://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-god1.htm. Hiernonymous (talk) 06:06, 28 September 2012 (UTC)

The capitalization of "Creek" may have nothing to do with the Creek Indian Nation, but rather, with English grammar convention at the time. During the time this phrase was first recorded, English grammar followed the same rules as German grammar, in which all nouns are capitalized (see the U.S. Constitution as an example of this convention). 22:50 October 2012 (UTC)

2016
Given the range of alt forms below ("...and the winds favorable", "and the Society permitting", etc), it's possible that this phrase has both origins, i.e. some people are predicating their action on creeks not flooding and other people are predicating theirs on the Creeks not rebelling. - -sche (discuss) 02:28, 2 February 2016 (UTC)

2016/12/9 Note: Surprised no one has mentioned the reason why the earliest forms of similar expressions came from religious people. It could be because the book of James specifies that Christians should always state their future plans conditionally, with some variant of "if the Lord will":

James 4:13-16 - King James Version (KJV)

13 Go to now, ye that say, To day or to morrow we will go into such a city, and continue there a year, and buy and sell, and get gain:

14 Whereas ye know not what shall be on the morrow. For what is your life? It is even a vapour, that appeareth for a little time, and then vanisheth away.

15 For that ye ought to say, If the Lord will, we shall live, and do this, or that.

16 But now ye rejoice in your boastings: all such rejoicing is evil.

2018
According to Professor Thom Hatch an historian, specializing in Native American conflicts has done extensive research with documents from the time of President George Washington, who appointed Benjamin Hawkins. Hawkins, a white plantation and slave owner from North Carolina, was determined to "bring civilization to these savages". Hawkins coined the phrase in a response to the president who requested Hawkins return to the capitol. The cultural conflict makes sense since Hawkins was an aristocratic white American of European descent, people who often had betrayed and abused the Creek Nation. In the 18th century American south, the Muscogee (Creek) Nation were a civiliziation in North America dating back more than 4000 years before Hernando de Soto first made contact with them in 1540. In his mind, Hawkins believed he was bringing peace but he was no friend to the Creek who suffered slaughter and destruction at the hands of white settlers and the American army. Hawkins had no control over the army and its push to make the Creek move and make way for new settlers. Vincedumond (talk) 16:55, 14 February 2018 (UTC) Vincedumond
 * Don't know anything about this whole discussion, but note that the cited source (p. 16) doesn't claim with any certainty ('allegedly' is one word used by Hatch) that Hawkins indeed did coin the phrase, merely that he 'has been credited with' its coining (i.e., it's hearsay). You'd have to check his cited secondary sources (note 19 of ch. 1) to verify where that hearsay comes from and whether that claim actually can be traced back to a reliable primary source. (Thom Hatch is, by the way, neither a trained historian nor a professor.) — Mnemosientje (t · c) 18:02, 14 February 2018 (UTC)

Capitalization
Since the original version had "Creek" capitalized, the Wiktionary version should be capitalized as well. Just because a Wiktionary article starts off in error, does not mean that error should be continued/replicated or even given "consensus" advantage.

 * Show evidence of original capitalisation. In any case, we document real usage, and it's more commonly now written with lower case. Equinox ◑ 21:35, 9 April 2012 (UTC)

More alternative forms

 * John Potter (archbishop) (1674-1747)
 * 1873, Charles Warren Stoddard, "In a Transport", ''Overland Monthly, page 275
 * We were bound for Tahiti, God willing and the winds favorable
 * 1887, Stephen Return Riggs, Mary and I: Forty Years with the Sioux, page 254
 * God willing, and the Prudential Committee at Boston approving, it was to be carried into effect the next spring
 * 1903, Thurston Collins Peter, The History of Glasney Collegiate Church, Cornwall, page 82
 * ... and he orders this prebend, God willing and the precious Martyr (St. Thomas) permitting DCDuring TALK 20:10, 15 July 2008 (UTC)
 * 1903, Thurston Collins Peter, The History of Glasney Collegiate Church, Cornwall, page 82
 * ... and he orders this prebend, God willing and the precious Martyr (St. Thomas) permitting DCDuring TALK 20:10, 15 July 2008 (UTC)

 * 1851 reference ("Providence" instead of "Lord"): http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&safe=off&tbs=cdr%3A1%2Ccd_min%3AJan+1_2+1600%2Ccd_max%3ADec+31_2+1900&tbm=bks&q=%22creek+don%27t+rise%22&oq=%22creek+don%27t+rise%22&aq=f&aqi=&aql=1&gs_sm=e&gs_upl=3014l3014l0l3191l1l1l0l0l0l0l115l115l0.1l1l0

71.66.97.228 14:54, 4 November 2011 (UTC)
 * 1892 reference: http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&safe=off&tbs=cdr%3A1%2Ccd_min%3AJan+1_2+1600%2Ccd_max%3ADec+31_2+1900&tbm=bks&q=%22creeks+don%27t+rise%22&oq=%22creeks+don%27t+rise%22&aq=f&aqi=&aql=1&gs_sm=e&gs_upl=5340l5340l0l5507l1l1l0l0l0l0l93l93l1l1l0

- -sche (discuss) 02:24, 2 February 2016 (UTC)
 * 1833 October 9, a letter, published in Hazard's Register of Pennsylvania:
 * and if God's willing, and the weather's fair


text:
iuvenca

Noun

 * 1) a young cow, heifer
 * 2) a young woman
 * 1) a young woman
 * 1) a young woman

title: iuvenca


text: iuvencae

title: iuvencae


text: iuvencum

title: iuvencum


text: iuvenci

title: iuvenci


text:
luci

Etymology
..

Noun

 * 1) European pike

Etymology
, from.

Verb

 * 1) to shine, sparkle, shimmer, glisten
 * 2) to beam with joy

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) light

title: luci


text: nemoris

title: nemoris


text:
incendiarism

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) The act or practice of burning property; arson.
 * 2)  Inflammatory or provocative action; instigation.
 * 1)  Inflammatory or provocative action; instigation.
 * 1)  Inflammatory or provocative action; instigation.

title: incendiarism


text:
paladar

Etymology
From, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) A small family-run restaurant in a Cuban home

Etymology
, from, derived from.

Noun

 * 1)  palate roof of the mouth
 * 2)  palate sense of taste

Etymology
, from, from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  palate

Etymology
Ultimately from, derived from. Considering its intervocalic /l/, presumably borrowed via. (the inherited counterpart); cf. also 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) the sense of taste
 * 2) taste a person’s implicit set of preferences
 * 3) palate roof of the mouth
 * 1) palate roof of the mouth

Etymology
, from, derived from.

Noun

 * 1) palate roof of the mouth, and sense of taste
 * 2) a small family-run restaurant in a Cuban home

title: paladar


text:
paramotoring

Noun

 * 1) flying a paramotor

title: paramotoring


text:
paramotor

Noun

 * 1) A steerable parachute powered by a propeller attached to the pilot's back

Translations

 * Italian:

title: paramotor


text: maculae

title: maculae


text:
funktor

Etymology
Borrowed from, from.

Noun

 * 1) functor a mapping between categories

Noun

 * 1)  functor

Noun

 * 1)  functor, a mapping between categories

title: funktor


text:
phytonutrient

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) Any substance, of plant origin, that provides nutrition; a phytochemical

title: phytonutrient


text:
User talk:Berwickj

Zune
I would suggest adding your term to the list of protologisms in order that it not be deleted. Medellia 20:48, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Berwickj


text:
funktional

Adjective

 * 1) functional in good working order

Noun

 * 1)  functional; a function which takes other functions as arguments

title: funktional


text:
funktionell

Etymology
From, from , equivalent to. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) functional
 * 2) practical

Etymology
From, from , equivalent to. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) functional; useful and serving a purpose

title: funktionell


text:
fungerande

Etymology
Present participle of fungera.

Adjective

 * 1) functional, in working order

title: fungerande


text:
plutino

Etymology
From, meaning "little Pluto" (compare ); coined by , et al.

Noun

 * 1)  Any planetoid in the Kuiper belt whose orbit, like that of Pluto, has a resonance of 3:2 with that of Neptune.

Usage notes

 * Other resonances are possible, but the 3:2 resonance, being of low order, is the strongest and most stable, and consequently corresponds to the largest such grouping of Kuiper belt planetoids.
 * Saying that an object's orbit has the same resonance with Neptune's as Pluto's orbit does is the same as saying that the average distance from the sun is the same as Pluto's (within a margin of error).

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 冥族小天體, 類冥小天體
 * Finnish:
 * Italian: plutino
 * Polish: plutonek
 * Russian:

title: plutino


text:
fixpunkt

Noun

 * 1)  fixed point
 * 2)  surveyor's bench mark

title: fixpunkt


text:
sandboard

Noun

 * 1) A board similar to a snowboard used to descend sand dunes

Verb

 * 1) To ride on a sandboard

title: sandboard


text:
växande

Adjective

 * 1) growing; in the process of increasing its size
 * 2)  increasing

Noun

 * 1) the act of growing
 * 2) the act of increasing

title: växande


text:
faktorisera

Verb

 * 1)  to factorize; list factors of an expression or to split an expression into factors

title: faktorisera


text: Template:Swadesh list 207 pronunciation

title: Template:Swadesh list 207 pronunciation


text:
Template talk:Swadesh list 207 pronunciation

How to use the template
This template is used to display a Swadesh list of 207 words in a specific language, each line containing :
 * the word in English
 * the word in the specific language
 * the IPA pronunciation of the word

It is used for instance in the German Swadesh list page, which can be a useful basis for creating a new list.

The skeleton below can be used, after copy and paste, to create a new page.

 * language= to be followed by the language name in English (for instance French, Basque, Icelandic, ...)
 * nativename= to be followed by the language name in the specific language (for instance Français, Euskara, Íslenska, ...)
 * wrdxxx= to be followed by the translation of the xxxth word of the list, for instance wrd003=il (in French)
 * phoxxx= to be followed by the pronunciation of the xxxth word of the list, for instance  pho003=


text: kùi-sèⁿ

title: kùi-sèⁿ


text: guìxìng

title: guìxìng


text: kok-ka

title: kok-ka


text:
nietu

Etymology
Derived in masculine from the feminine, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) grandson

Etymology
From,.

Noun

 * 1) squat, nothing
 * Valon lisäksi jääkaapissa on nietua. Täytyy käydä kaupassa.
 * In addition to the light, there is squat in the fridge. Must go shopping.

Usage notes

 * Almost exclusively used in the partitive case.

Etymology
.

Phrase

 * 1)  there is no, there are no

title: nietu


text: guójiā

title: guójiā


text:
slap-headed

Adjective

 * 1)  Having a bald or shaven head

title: slap-headed


text:
telnetable

Adjective

 * 1)  Accessible over the Internet using telnet.

title: telnetable


text:
sankkeri

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  chancre skin lesion associated with certain contagious diseases, particularly STD's

title: sankkeri


text:
telnet

Etymology
Short for.

Noun

 * 1)  A network protocol that enables one computer to communicate with another via a local area network or the Internet.
 * 2)  The program that acts as the client for such communication.

Verb

 * 1)  To use such a program to make such a connection

title: telnet


text:
chancre

Etymology
Borrowed from, from. Cognate to.

Noun

 * 1)  Skin lesion, sometimes associated with certain contagious diseases such as syphilis.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish: sankkeri
 * Japanese:
 * Spanish:

Etymology
, from, inherited from , from , dissimilation of (because the pincers of a crab form a circle), from , reduplication of. .

Noun

 * 1)  lobster, crab
 * 2)  canker,

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) cancer (cancerous cell mutation)

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1)  tumour, verruca; syphilis

title: chancre


text:
Toronto blessing

Noun

 * 1) A form of mass religious ecstasy, involving speaking in tongues etc, associated with an evangelical revivalist fellowship whose first meeting was in Toronto

title: Toronto blessing


text:
trip hop

Etymology
Journalistic coinage,.

Noun

 * 1)  A genre of slow electronica combining elements of hip hop with melodic, often psychedelic, sounds and impressionistic lyrics.

Translations

 * Russian:

title: trip hop


text:
Talk:Messrs.

Is "Messrs." restricted to multiple men, or can it be used for plural groups including men and women?

 * It refers to men only. This is an abbreviation of the French Messieurs, plural of Monsieur (my sir/lord), the female counterpart of which is madame (pl. mesdames). Usually one would say "Mesdames et Messieurs" (in French) or "ladies and gentlemen" (in English) when adressing a group of both sexes. – Krun 23:53, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Messrs.


text: materterae

title: materterae


text:
erövra

Etymology
, from

Verb

 * 1) to conquer, to seize (a piece of land, a country)

title: erövra


text:
evig

Etymology
Borrowed from, from , cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) eternal

Etymology
Borrowed from ; related to Old Norse.

Adjective

 * 1) eternal
 * 2)  eternally, forever or for ever (also  evig)

Etymology
Borrowed from ; related to Old Norse.

Adjective

 * 1) eternal

Etymology
From, borrowed from ; related to Old Norse.

Adjective

 * 1) eternal, never-ending

title: evig


text:
User talk:Sssuuuzzzaaannn

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wiktionary. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * Wiktionary Tutorial
 * How to edit a page
 * How to start a page
 * Our format guidelines
 * Criteria for inclusion
 * Wiktionary Sandbox (a safe place for testing syntax)
 * What Wiktionary is not
 * FAQ

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wiktionarian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk (discussion) and vote pages using four tildes, like this: ~~~~, which automatically produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the beer parlour or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! --Tohru 00:28, 15 November 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Sssuuuzzzaaannn


text:
nicka

Noun

 * 1)  nigga.

Etymology
From, ultimately related to. Equivalent to.

Verb

 * 1) to nod
 * 2)  to head, to strike with the head

title: nicka


text:
nicka till

Verb

 * 1) to nod off; to briefly fall asleep, in particular while sitting upright

title: nicka till


text:
train track

Noun

 * 1) A railroad track; a railway track.
 * 2)  A set of curves lying in a surface, meeting one another at their respective endpoints in a specific way that resembles railroad tracks.

title: train track


text:
Category:English numerals

This category contains only words and phrases that can act as "numerals" in the grammatical sense of quantifying determiners preceding a noun. For example, in "two apples", "two" quantifies how many apples there are. Ordinal numbers do not serve this role. For example, in "the first apple", "first" is acting as an adjective, not a determiner (for theories of grammar that make that distinction).

For classification by semantic role, see Category:English numbers, which includes all English words and phrases that refer to numbers of any kind.

title: Category:English numerals


text:
monster truck

Etymology
Literally, 🇰🇲. Reportedly, an owner of a motorsports promotion company, in the early 1980s, when referring to a popularly oversized truck named Bigfoot. Through semantic generalization, it came to refer to any of these oversized trucks.

Noun

 * 1) A large truck designed specifically to perform in monster truck shows, typically based on a lifted pickup truck with oversized wheels and modified suspension.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 怪獸卡車, 大腳車
 * Finnish: monsteriauto
 * French: monster truck, camion monstre
 * German: Monstertruck
 * Japanese: モンスタートラック
 * Korean: 몬스터 트럭
 * Russian: монстр-тра́к
 * Spanish: camión monstruo
 * Swedish: monstertruck

title: monster truck


text:
Category:Numerals by language

See also Category:Letters by language.

title: Category:Numerals by language


text:
verbomania

Etymology
From +.

Noun

 * 1) Obsession with words.
 * 2) An abnormal talkativeness; a psychotic flow of speech.

title: verbomania


text:
cook the books

Etymology
From the mid-17th century. A metaphor based on cooking, whereby ingredients are changed, altered and improved. Thus financial statements can also be so modified to the benefit of the "cook".

Verb

 * 1)  To manipulate accounting information, especially illegally.
 * Enron Corp., once a major U.S. corporation, is now famous for cooking the books.
 * 1)  To falsify an account of an event.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 做假帳
 * Cornish: fugya an akontys
 * Finnish: harjoittaa luovaa kirjanpitoa
 * Greek: μαγειρεύω τα βιβλία
 * Japanese:
 * Norman: tricachonner des comptes
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: forfalske regnskapet
 * Portuguese: manipular a contabilidade, fraudar a contabilidade
 * Russian: фальсифици́ровать фина́нсовую отчётность, сфальсифици́ровать фина́нсовую отчётность

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:, ,
 * Portuguese:, ,

title: cook the books


text:
User talk:Wikicliki

Thanks for experimenting with Wiktionary. Your test worked, and has now been removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing material in articles will normally be removed quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our dictionary. Thanks. --EncycloPetey 01:33, 15 November 2006 (UTC)

Petey, Please help me understand why that entry was not suitable for prime-time. And why it was deleted w/o any discussion (that I can find). Thanks, WikiCliki 16:13, 15 November 2006

title: User talk:Wikicliki


text: 𩝐

title: 𩝐


text: ebrium

title: ebrium


text:
𩜙

Han character

 * 1) bountiful, abundant, plentiful

Kanji

 * : abundant

title: 𩜙


text: 𩛰

title: 𩛰


text:
tôi

Etymology 1
Related to 🇨🇬 (whence 🇨🇬). Cognate with 🇨🇬. See also Central-Southern form.

“Slave; servant” > “I”.

The development of first-person pronoun from humble nouns such as “slave; servant” is a pan-Sprachbund phenomenon in the Southeast and East Asian region. Per Nguyen (2000), the pronominal use of this word was not attested in poems by and  in the 15th–16th centuries, and was postulated to have appeared at the end of the 16th or the beginning of the 17th century. Its introduction as a humble first-person pronoun posed as a disturbance to the preexisting – system: it resulted in an asymmetry with an empty second-person addressee slot corresponding to the humble (see the table below), and led to the use of an appropriate noun, usually a kinship term or status term, to respectfully address the other party, precipitating the now-widespread use of kinship terms as personal pronouns in Vietnamese.

 * {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

! !! First person !! Second person !! Third person ! Horizontal pronouns (no social hierarchy) ! Vertical pronouns (with social hierarchy)
 * }
 * }

For similar grammaticalizations of pronouns, compare, and in other languages, compare:

Noun

 * 1)  slave; domestic servant
 * 2)  servant of a monarch
 * 3) * 16th century, Nguyễn Thế Nghi's (attributed) Tân biên Truyền kỳ mạn lục tăng bổ giải âm tập chú (新編傳奇漫錄增補解音集註), /translation of  ("Casual Record of Transmitted Strange-Tales") by.
 * "vi"
 * 1) * 16th century, Nguyễn Thế Nghi's (attributed) Tân biên Truyền kỳ mạn lục tăng bổ giải âm tập chú (新編傳奇漫錄增補解音集註), /translation of  ("Casual Record of Transmitted Strange-Tales") by.
 * "vi"
 * 1) * 16th century, Nguyễn Thế Nghi's (attributed) Tân biên Truyền kỳ mạn lục tăng bổ giải âm tập chú (新編傳奇漫錄增補解音集註), /translation of  ("Casual Record of Transmitted Strange-Tales") by.
 * "vi"

- 碎庭臣𪢍𤽗立言蒸𣦛

 * 1) * Đạo đức và luân lí Đông Tây [Eastern and Western Ideas on Morality and Ethics]:

Pronoun

 * 1)  I/me
 * 2)  I/me
 * 3)  I/me
 * 4)  I/me
 * 1)  I/me
 * 2)  I/me
 * 1)  I/me
 * 2)  I/me
 * 1)  I/me
 * 1)  I/me
 * 1)  I/me

Usage notes
Tôi is a generic way to refer to oneself; however, Vietnamese speakers usually use a complex system of kinship terms to address each other. For example, anh is used to address an older brother, a husband, or a man slightly older than the speaker. The Wikipedia article on Vietnamese pronouns provides a detailed look at these terms. Because kinship terms require knowledge of the audience's age, gender and social status in relation to the speaker, it is not always practical to refer to someone using these pronouns; instead, the speaker can employ generic words such as tôi and ta, but note that these are considered stiff. Alternatively, the speaker may simply use his or her name (and that of the audience) when conversing.

Note also that, although tôi always refers to the speaker, kinship terms variously refer to the speaker or the audience, depending on context.

Synonyms
See the usage note above for details on how to use these words, most of which are not interchangeable:

Coordinate terms
See the usage note above for details on how to use these words, most of which are not interchangeable:

Etymology 2
.

Verb

 * 1) to temper; to anneal

title: tôi


text: Wiktionary:Collaboration of the week/48

title: Wiktionary:Collaboration of the week/48


text: Wiktionary:Collaboration of the week/49

title: Wiktionary:Collaboration of the week/49


text: Wiktionary:Collaboration of the week/50

title: Wiktionary:Collaboration of the week/50


text:
гутати

Etymology
, from.

Verb

 * 1)  to swallow

title: гутати


text:
прогутати

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to swallow

title: прогутати


text:
progutati

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to swallow

title: progutati


text:
gutljaj

Noun

 * 1) gulp
 * 2) swallow

title: gutljaj


text:
гутљај

Noun

 * 1) gulp
 * 2) swallow

title: гутљај


text:
CSV

Noun

 * 1)   a simple plain text data format, usually with values delimited by commas.

Proper noun

 * 1)  the former name of, a UK charity

title: CSV


text:
Turčin

Proper noun

 * 1) Turk, a male person from Turkey
 * 2) a speaker of a Turkic language
 * 3)  a Muslim, especially one from the Balkans, such as a Bosniak
 * 4)  a citizen of Ottoman Empire (nowadays superseded by )

title: Turčin


text:
Турчин

Noun

 * 1) Turk

Proper noun

 * 1) Turk, a male person from Turkey
 * 2) a speaker of a Turkic language
 * 3)  a Muslim from the Balkans, especially a Bosniak
 * 4)  a citizen of Ottoman Empire (nowadays superseded by )

title: Турчин


text:
Turkinja

Proper noun

 * 1) Turk, a female person from Turkey

Noun

 * 1) Turk (female person)

title: Turkinja


text:
Туркиња

Proper noun

 * 1) Turk, a female person from Turkey

title: Туркиња


text:
ज़ोर

Etymology
, from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1) powerfully
 * 2) forcibly
 * 3) violently

Noun

 * 1) force
 * 2) strength
 * 3) power
 * 4) might
 * 5) exertion
 * 6) stress
 * 7) violence
 * 8) capacity
 * 9) ability

title: ज़ोर


text:
زور

Verb

 * 1) to incline

Verb

 * 1) to acknowledge as a visitor, to treat as a visitor

Noun

 * 1)  thorax, chest
 * 1)  thorax, chest

Noun

 * 1) inclination
 * 2) crookedness, wryness, distortion
 * 3)  distorted chest, asymmetrical thorax
 * 1)  distorted chest, asymmetrical thorax

Etymology 2
Borrowed from, and.

Noun

 * 1) lie, untruth
 * 2) false testimony, perjury
 * 1) false testimony, perjury

Verb

 * 1) to call a lie, to impinge
 * 2) to forge, to counterfeit

Etymology 3
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) strength, force

Etymology 1
From.

Verb

 * 1) to call a lie, to impinge
 * 2) to forge, to counterfeit

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1) throat

Etymology 3
From.

Noun

 * 1) lie, untruth

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) hard, difficult, exhausting

Noun

 * 1) force, strength, power, energy, might
 * 2) violence, force
 * 3) compulsion, constraint
 * 4) difficulty
 * 5) necessity
 * 1) necessity

Etymology 1
From, which Pokorny derives from and compares to 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬. See also 🇨🇬, an Iranian borrowing.

Noun

 * 1) force, strength, power, might
 * 2) violence, force
 * 1) violence, force

Etymology 2
From, from , from. Compare 🇨🇬,. See also 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) libation

Etymology 3
From. Compare also 🇨🇬, from 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  lie, falsehood

Etymology 1
From.

Adverb

 * 1) powerfully
 * 2) forcibly
 * 3) violently

Noun

 * 1) force, strength
 * 2) power, might
 * 3) exertion, stress
 * 4) violence
 * 5) capacity, ability

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1) falsehood, untruth
 * 2) lie, deceit
 * 3) a false deity; an idol

title: زور


text:
شکتی

Noun

 * 1) power, capacity
 * 2) strength, might, energy

Proper noun

 * 1)  Shakti

title: شکتی


text:
शक्ति

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) power, energy, potency
 * 2) strength
 * 3) force
 * 4) ability; reach
 * 1) force
 * 2) ability; reach
 * 1) force
 * 2) ability; reach
 * 1) ability; reach
 * 1) ability; reach

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) strength, power, might
 * 2) ability

title: शक्ति


text: Category:Sami languages

title: Category:Sami languages


text: Category:Languages of Norway

title: Category:Languages of Norway


text: Category:Languages of Sweden

title: Category:Languages of Sweden


text:
शब्दकोष

Noun

 * 1) dictionary

title: शब्दकोष


text: Category:Languages of Finland

title: Category:Languages of Finland


text: Category:Ume Sami language

title: Category:Ume Sami language


text: Category:Pite Sami language

title: Category:Pite Sami language


text:
شبدکوش

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) dictionary
 * 2) lexicon
 * 3) thesaurus

title: شبدکوش


text: Category:Ter Sami language

title: Category:Ter Sami language


text: pocrescophobia

title: pocrescophobia