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Wiktionary:Welcome, newcomers

Hello, and welcome! Wiktionary is a multilingual free dictionary, being written collaboratively on this website by people from around the world. Entries may be edited by anyone!

You are reading the English version of this multilingual dictionary of all languages, in which all words of all languages are explained in English, in a descriptivist (not prescriptivist) way. In the left sidebar, you will find links to other language versions of Wiktionary, in which the definitions are presented in other languages; each Wiktionary has a language code in its URL that designates which language it uses for its explanations.

Designed as the lexical companion to Wikipedia, the encyclopedia project, Wiktionary has grown beyond a standard dictionary and now includes a thesaurus, a rhyme guide, phrasebooks, language statistics and extensive appendices. We aim to include not only the definition of a word, but also enough information to really understand it. Thus, etymologies, pronunciations, sample quotations, synonyms, antonyms, translations, spelling variants, non-standard spellings, etc., are included.

Wiktionary is a wiki, which means that you can edit it, and all the content is dual-licensed under both the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License and the GNU Free Documentation License. Before you contribute, you may wish to read through some of our Help pages, and bear in mind that we do things quite differently from other wikis. In particular, we have strict layout conventions and inclusion criteria. Learn how to start a page, how to edit entries, experiment in the sandbox and visit our Community Portal to see how you can participate in the development of Wiktionary.

We have created  entries since starting in December 2002, and we’re still growing.

Editing Wiktionary
People like you are very active in building this project. While you are reading this, someone is likely editing one of our entries. Many knowledgeable people are already at work, but everybody is welcome!

Contributing does not require [ logging in], but we would prefer that you do, as it facilitates the administration of this site. (Note that logging in also prevents the IP address of your computer from being displayed in the [ page history].)

You can dive in right now and add or alter a definition, add example sentences, or help us to format or categorize entries properly. You can even create a page for a missing term. Please feel free to be bold in editing pages!

How could allowing everyone to edit produce a high-quality product instead of total disorder? Because most people want to help, and keeping it open to everyone creates the potential for making many good and ever-improving entries. Records are kept of all changes, so even unhelpful edits can easily be reverted by other users. To use a now-famous catchphrase, in essence: “Given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow.”

To start, users might want to use the ‘Recent changes’ or ‘Random page’ link (found in the navigation box elsewhere on this page), to get an idea of the kinds of pages you can find here. (It might be surprising how many non-English words are entered here!)

Norms and etiquette
One important thing you should know is that we have borrowed from our sister project Wikipedia some cultural norms you should respect:
 * 1) We try not to argue pointlessly. This isn’t a debate forum. After civilized and reasonable discussion, we try to reach broad consensus to present an accurate, neutral summary of all relevant facts for future readers.
 * 2) We try to make the entries as unbiased as we can, meaning that definitions or descriptions — even of controversial topics — are not meant to be platforms for preaching of any kind.
 * 3) Bear in mind this is a dictionary, which means there are many things it is not.
 * 4) At any point, if you are uncomfortable changing someone else’s work, and you want to add a thought (or question or comment) about an entry or other page, the place is its talk page (click on the "discussion" tab at the top or the "Discuss this page" link in the sidebar or elsewhere, depending on your preference skin). Note, though, that we try to keep discussions focused on improving this dictionary.

However, there are also some differences between Wikipedia and Wiktionary. If you already have some experience with editing Wikipedia, then you may find our guide to Wikipedia users useful as a quick introduction.

For more information
More introductory information and descriptions of community norms are on the following pages: For more policy and style guidelines or guidance, see our Help:Contents or Community Portal.
 * How to start a page
 * How to edit a page
 * Staying cool when editing gets hot
 * Wiktionary FAQ
 * Wiktionary for Wikipedians
 * News for editors
 * Wiktionary Namespace

az:Vikilüğət:Xoş gəldiniz fa:ویکی‌واژه:تازه‌واردان، خوش آمدید de:Wiktionary:Willkommen km:Wiktionary:Welcome, newcomers vi:Wiktionary:Giới thiệu

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Wiktionary:Welcome, newcomers


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Wiktionary:GNU Free Documentation License

The GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) is a copyleft license for free documentation, designed by the Free Software Foundation (FSF) for the GNU project. The official text of version 1.1 of the license text can be found at: http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html

The license is designed for software documentation and other reference and instructional materials. It stipulates that any copy of the material, even if modified, carry the same license. Those copies may be sold but, if produced in quantity, have to be made available in a format which facilitates further editing.

Secondary Sections
The license explicitly separates the "Document" from "Secondary Sections", which may not be integrated with the Document, but exist as front-matter materials or appendices. Secondary sections can contain information regarding the author's or publisher's relationship to the subject matter, but not any subject matter itself. While the Document itself is wholly editable, and is essentially covered by a license equivalent to the GNU General Public License, some of the secondary sections have various restrictions designed primarily to deal with proper attribution to previous authors.

Specifically, the authors of prior versions have to be acknowledged and certain "invariant sections" specified by the original author and dealing with his or her relationship to the subject matter may not be changed. If the material is modified, its title has to be changed (unless the prior authors give permission to retain the title). The license also has provisions for the handling of front-cover and back-cover texts of books, as well as for "History", "Acknowledgements", "Dedications" and "Endorsements" sections.

Using the GFDL
For a document to be covered by the GFDL, one must include a specific copyright and license notice.

Wiktionary and GFDL
All Wiktionary articles are licensed to the public under the GNU Free Documentation License. See Copyrights for the details. The local copy of the license, as required by the terms of the GFDL, is at Text of the GNU Free Documentation License.

See also:
 * GNU
 * GNU General Public License: a similar license for software
 * Copyleft

gNU Free Documentation License da:Wiktionary:GNU Free Documentation License GFDL GNU Free Documentation License csb:Wikisłowôrz:GNU Free Documentation License pt:Wikcionário:GNU Free Documentation License


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Wiktionary:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License

GNU Free Documentation License

Version 1.1, March 2000

Copyright (C) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

0. PREAMBLE
The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other written document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others.

This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free software.

We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.

1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License. The "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you".

A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into another language.

A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall subject. (For example, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding them.

The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License.

The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License.

A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, represented in a format whose specification is available to the general public, whose contents can be viewed and edited directly and straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup has been designed to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".

Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML designed for human modification. Opaque formats include PostScript, PDF, proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated HTML produced by some word processors for output purposes only.

The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.

2. VERBATIM COPYING
You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.

You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and you may publicly display copies.

3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
If you publish printed copies of the Document numbering more than 100, and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects.

If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages.

If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a publicly-accessible computer-network location containing a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material, which the general network-using public has access to download anonymously at no charge using public-standard network protocols. If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to the public.

It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.

4. MODIFICATIONS
You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:

 * A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
 * B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the Document (all of its principal authors, if it has less than five).
 * C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified Version, as the publisher.
 * D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
 * E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices.
 * F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
 * G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
 * H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
 * I. Preserve the section entitled "History", and its title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If there is no section entitled "History" in the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in the previous sentence.
 * J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise the network locations given in the Document for previous versions it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. You may omit a network location for a work that was published at least four years before the Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
 * K. In any section entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", preserve the section's title, and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.
 * L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
 * M. Delete any section entitled "Endorsements". Such a section may not be included in the Modified Version.
 * N. Do not retitle any existing section as "Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.

If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.

You may add a section entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard.

You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.

The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.

5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice.

The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.

In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled "History" in the various original documents, forming one section entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections entitled "Acknowledgements", and any sections entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections entitled "Endorsements."

6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.

You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.

7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, does not as a whole count as a Modified Version of the Document, provided no compilation copyright is claimed for the compilation. Such a compilation is called an "aggregate", and this License does not apply to the other self-contained works thus compiled with the Document, on account of their being thus compiled, if they are not themselves derivative works of the Document.

If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one quarter of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers that surround only the Document within the aggregate. Otherwise they must appear on covers around the whole aggregate.

8. TRANSLATION
Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this License provided that you also include the original English version of this License. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original English version of this License, the original English version will prevail.

9. TERMINATION
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.

10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.

Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.


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User:Sjc~enwiktionary

To do list:

GNU/Main/How to create a page

Standards

IPA Standards & completeness...

title: User:Sjc~enwiktionary


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Wiktionary:What Wiktionary is not

Wiktionary is an online dictionary and, as a means to that end, also an online community. Therefore, there are certain things that Wiktionary is not.

What Wiktionary is not

 * 1) Wiktionary is not an encyclopedia, a genealogy database, or an atlas; that is, it is not an in-depth collection of factual information, or of data about places and people. Encyclopedic information should be placed in our sister project, Wikipedia. Wiktionary entries are about words. A Wiktionary entry should focus on matters of language and wordsmithing: spelling, pronunciation, etymology, translation, concept, usage, quotations, and links to related words.
 * 2) Wiktionary is not an arbiter of what is good English; correct English, acceptable English, suitable English, or even grammatical.  This also applies to entries for non-English terms. Wiktionary describes usage, it does not prescribe nor proscribe it, and adheres only to its criteria for inclusion, which state that any term or meaning that can be shown to be in sufficiently widespread use may be included. By including or not including a certain term, it by no means accepts or attempts to promote a certain point of view, but is simply documenting, explaining what is or was in use in English or any other language.
 * 3) Wiktionary is not a crystal ball. Wiktionary does not try to predict which new words will actually achieve use. It usually depends on verifiable proof of usage over a year.
 * 4) Wiktionary is not paper. It is a digital dictionary. Thus, Wiktionary effectively has no size limits, can include links, can be more timely, etc. It also means that the style and length of writing appropriate for paper may not be appropriate here. There is less need to use abbreviations. There is less need to exclude arguable entries. If enough people support a well-formed entry, then there should be no need to call for its deletion.
 * 5) Wiktionary is not a soapbox, chatroom, or discussion forum. However, there are discussion rooms to discuss Wiktionary-related topics.
 * 6) Wiktionary is neither a mirror nor a repository of links, images, or media files. Any content added to Wiktionary may be subject to merciless editing or deletion.
 * 7) Wiktionary is not a free wiki host or webspace provider. You may not host your own website at Wiktionary. If you are interested in using the wiki technology for a collaborative effort on anything other than writing a dictionary of all words in all languages, even if it is just a single page, there are many sites that provide wiki hosting. You can even install Wiktionary's wiki software on your server.
 * 8) Wiktionary is not a battlefield. Every user is expected to interact with others civilly, calmly and in a spirit of cooperation. Do not insult, harass or intimidate those with whom you have a disagreement. Rather, approach the matter in an intelligent manner, and engage in polite discussion. Wiktionary is not about winning, and is not World of Dictionarycraft. Do not create or edit entries just to prove a point. Do not make legal or other threats against Wiktionary, Wiktionarians, or the Wikimedia Foundation. Threats are not tolerated and may result in a ban.
 * 9) Wiktionary is not censored (nor is it content-rated). Anyone can edit an entry and the results are displayed instantaneously; thus, we cannot guarantee that someone will not see or read something objectionable.  In addition, Wiktionary has no organized system for the removal of material that might be thought likely to harm minors. However, entries (almost always, images) can be censored by consensus or if it is judged to violate Wiktionary policies.
 * 10) Wiktionary is not just for English. Wiktionary is a dictionary written in one language and covering all words in all languages, just as Wikipedia is an encyclopedia written in one language of all topics from all language-areas. Each Wiktionary seeks to define all words from all languages in its own language, so that readers will be able to find definitions of all words in all languages in their own language. This Wiktionary is written in English, so it is in a way an English dictionary, an English-to-anything and an anything-to-English dictionary all in one. Although one could look up  at fr.wiktionary (fr:être), its definition will be in French. So if that person doesn’t speak any French, they still wouldn’t know what être meant, and it wouldn’t be of any help to them.

Wiktionary is not Wikipedia
Although Wiktionary and Wikipedia are sister projects, Wiktionary is not Wikipedia, and vice versa. Some of our policies are similar to some of Wikipedia's policies; others are quite different. The way we do things here is similar in some respects to the way things are done at Wikipedia; in other respects, it's very different.

 * Differences in content
 * Unlike Wikipedia, Wiktionary does not have a "notability" criterion; rather, we have an "attestation" criterion, and (for multi-word terms) an "idiomaticity" requirement. There are some similarities here — neither Wiktionary nor Wikipedia is for "things made up one day" — but also some differences. Our "attestation" requirement is much less subjective than Wikipedia's "notability" requirement; and we include all terms in all languages, including very obscure or rare terms, provided they meet our criteria for inclusion (CFI). A new word that one person or a small group of people has made up and is trying to make catch on is a neologism and may not be acceptable at Wiktionary. Take a look at Urban Dictionary instead.
 * Wiktionary is generally a secondary source for its subject matter (definitions of words and phrases) whereas Wikipedia is a tertiary source for its subject matter (topics). This means that while Wikipedia documents what others say about topics, Wiktionary documents the meanings of words and phrases without relying on the statements of others. As a consequence, the requirements of verifiability are different. Verification on Wikipedia asks "can we find a reliable source that says it is the case?". This is also true for certain aspects of Wiktionary, such as for etymologies and pronunciation. However, for definitions in Wiktionary, we ask "can we find real-life examples to show it is the case?". This also means that whereas Wikipedia discourages original research and relies on the research of others, Wiktionary users themselves actively research terms and their meanings.
 * Wiktionary does not have an "In popular culture" section with lists of pop culture references, such as TV series or songs. However, this information can be added indirectly in the form of quotations.

 * Differences in community
 * Wiktionary has a different blocking policy for both registered accounts and IP-adresses than Wikipedia, and when applying it, administrators don't usually issue warnings unless problematic edits can be assumed to have been made in good faith.
 * Because there are so many pages on Wiktionary with relatively little content, talk pages of individual pages are not often used. Instead, discussion is usually centralised in Beer Parlour, Tea room and other discussion rooms.
 * Unlike Wikipedia, which encourages users to be creative with user boxes on their personal pages, Wiktionary allows only userboxes that are relevant to your work on Wiktionary itself. This includes most importantly language userboxes, which display the languages that you know.

 * Differences in organization
 * Unlike Wikipedia, Wiktionary's page names are case sensitive. Hand and hand are different pages. When several pages exist that differ only in their capitalisation, the template is placed at the very beginning of the page to redirect between them.
 * There are no disambiguation pages on Wiktionary, and we do not create redirects for alternative forms, spellings or inflected forms of words. Instead, a small stub entry is created with a template that links back to the main form. Many such stub entries are created automatically using various bots.

 * Differences in page format and wikitext
 * Wiktionary has a very rigid page format, detailed at Entry Layout.
 * Wiktionary has its own style guide, with some notable differences regarding the use of typography such as quotation marks.
 * Wiktionary makes heavy use of templates for all kinds of things, and each language often has its own set of templates. Learning to use the templates of the language you are working on is very important; templates can be found at Category:Templates by language. Categories, formatting and linking also often use templates for consistent formatting.
 * Wiktionary uses language codes extensively for any language-specific purposes involving templates. For example, many templates use en to refer to the English language, or cmn to refer to Mandarin Chinese. Knowing the code of the language you are working on is very important, and necessary for almost any kind of editing on Wiktionary.
 * On Wiktionary, categories are often added to pages by the templates used on that page, so there is no need to put them directly on the page. In particular, headword-line templates and context templates are most commonly used to add entries to the appropriate categories.

title: Wiktionary:What Wiktionary is not


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User:Merphant

For now, see w:User:Merphant

User:Merphant/sandbox

title: User:Merphant


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User talk:Merphant

See also w:User talk:Merphant

Thanks for your comment on Main page. It makes me feel better :-) -- Youssefsan

-

WordNet letter

Jim and I have edited the Princeton wordnet and we think it's ready to be sent. --Menchi 07:11 May 7, 2003 (UTC)

Did you send and got the reply?

Princeton WordNet
There are some updates to Wiktionary_talk:Princeton wordnet that might interest you. --Wclark 22:22, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Merphant


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dictionary

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from , perfect past participle of  +. .

Noun

 * 1) A reference work with a list of words from one or more languages, normally ordered alphabetically, explaining each word's meanings (senses), and sometimes also containing information on its etymology, pronunciation,, semantic relations, and translations, as well as other data.
 * 2)  A synchronic dictionary of a standardised language held to only contain words that are properly part of the language.
 * 3)  Any work that has a list of material organized alphabetically; e.g., biographical dictionary, encyclopedic dictionary.
 * 4)  An associative array, a data structure where each value is referenced by a particular key, analogous to words and definitions in a dictionary (sense 1).
 * 1)  A synchronic dictionary of a standardised language held to only contain words that are properly part of the language.
 * 2)  Any work that has a list of material organized alphabetically; e.g., biographical dictionary, encyclopedic dictionary.
 * 3)  An associative array, a data structure where each value is referenced by a particular key, analogous to words and definitions in a dictionary (sense 1).
 * 1)  Any work that has a list of material organized alphabetically; e.g., biographical dictionary, encyclopedic dictionary.
 * 2)  An associative array, a data structure where each value is referenced by a particular key, analogous to words and definitions in a dictionary (sense 1).
 * 1)  Any work that has a list of material organized alphabetically; e.g., biographical dictionary, encyclopedic dictionary.
 * 2)  An associative array, a data structure where each value is referenced by a particular key, analogous to words and definitions in a dictionary (sense 1).

Verb

 * 1)  To look up in a dictionary.
 * 2)  To add to a dictionary.
 * 3)  To compile a dictionary.
 * 1)  To compile a dictionary.
 * 1)  To compile a dictionary.

title: dictionary


text:
Wiktionary talk:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License

This page should be protected. -- Merphant

 * Done. --Brion VIBBER

Can anyone of sysops Move this page to the one without preceding blank in its name? I've made GNU FDL to redirect to it. Youandme 03:33 Dec 13, 2002 (UTC)

Interwiki link to the Vietnamese Wiktionary
Please add an interwiki link to the Vietnamese Wiktionary version of this page:

vi:Wiktionary:Nguyên văn Giấy phép Tài liệu Tự do GNU

Thanks.

– Minh Nguyễn (talk, contribs) 19:46, 23 January 2007 (UTC)

Cat
Can we have as Category:Wiktionary|Text of the GNU Free Documentation License --Keene 00:59, 24 March 2007 (UTC)


text:
free

Etymology
From, , , from , from , from , from , from. Related to.

Germanic cognates include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Other cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Germanic and Celtic are the only Indo-European language branches in which the PIE word with the meaning of "dear, beloved" acquired the additional meaning of "free" in the sense of "not in bondage". This was an extension of the idea of "characteristic of those who are dear and beloved", in other words friends and tribe members (in contrast to unfree inhabitants from other tribes and prisoners of war, many of which were among the slaves – compare the Latin use of liberi to mean both "free persons" and "children of a family").

The verb comes from, , from , , from , from , from.

Pronunciation

Adjective

 * 1)  Unconstrained.
 * 2) Not imprisoned or enslaved.
 * 3) Generous; liberal.
 * 4)  Clear of offence or crime; guiltless; innocent.
 * 5) Without obligations.
 * 6) To be enjoyed by anyone freely.
 * 7)  Upholding individual rights.
 * 8)  With no or only freedom-preserving limitations on distribution or modification.
 * 9)  Intended for release, as opposed to a checked version.
 * 10)  Obtainable without any payment.
 * 11)  Unconstrained.
 * 12)   generic, universal.
 * 13)  Such that any map $$f$$ from $$X$$ to the underlying set of an object $$A$$ in the same category as $$F$$ induces a map $$\bar f$$ from $$F$$ to $$A$$ which is compatible with $$f$$ (i.e. such that $$f = \bar f \circ i$$).
 * 14)  Having a set of generators which satisfy no non-trivial relations; equivalently, being the group of reduced words on a set of generators.
 * 15)  Having a linearly independent set of generators (called a basis).
 * 16)  Unconstrained by quantifiers.
 * 17)  Unconstrained of identifiers, not bound.
 * 18)   That can be used by itself, unattached to another morpheme.
 * 19)  Unconstrained.
 * 20) Unobstructed, without blockages.
 * 21) Unattached or uncombined.
 * 22) Not currently in use; not taken; unoccupied.
 * 23)  Not attached; loose.
 * 24)  Of a rocket or missile: not under the control of a guidance system after being launched.
 * 25) Without; not containing (what is specified); exempt; clear; liberated.
 * 26)  Ready; eager; acting without spurring or whipping; spirited.
 * 27)  Invested with a particular freedom or franchise; enjoying certain immunities or privileges; admitted to special rights; followed by of.
 * 28)  Certain or honourable; the opposite of base.
 * 29)  Privileged or individual; the opposite of common.
 * 1)  Unconstrained.
 * 2)   generic, universal.
 * 3)  Such that any map $$f$$ from $$X$$ to the underlying set of an object $$A$$ in the same category as $$F$$ induces a map $$\bar f$$ from $$F$$ to $$A$$ which is compatible with $$f$$ (i.e. such that $$f = \bar f \circ i$$).
 * 4)  Having a set of generators which satisfy no non-trivial relations; equivalently, being the group of reduced words on a set of generators.
 * 5)  Having a linearly independent set of generators (called a basis).
 * 6)  Unconstrained by quantifiers.
 * 7)  Unconstrained of identifiers, not bound.
 * 8)   That can be used by itself, unattached to another morpheme.
 * 9)  Unconstrained.
 * 10) Unobstructed, without blockages.
 * 11) Unattached or uncombined.
 * 12) Not currently in use; not taken; unoccupied.
 * 13)  Not attached; loose.
 * 14)  Of a rocket or missile: not under the control of a guidance system after being launched.
 * 15) Without; not containing (what is specified); exempt; clear; liberated.
 * 16)  Ready; eager; acting without spurring or whipping; spirited.
 * 17)  Invested with a particular freedom or franchise; enjoying certain immunities or privileges; admitted to special rights; followed by of.
 * 18)  Certain or honourable; the opposite of base.
 * 19)  Privileged or individual; the opposite of common.
 * 1) Unattached or uncombined.
 * 2) Not currently in use; not taken; unoccupied.
 * 3)  Not attached; loose.
 * 4)  Of a rocket or missile: not under the control of a guidance system after being launched.
 * 5) Without; not containing (what is specified); exempt; clear; liberated.
 * 6)  Ready; eager; acting without spurring or whipping; spirited.
 * 7)  Invested with a particular freedom or franchise; enjoying certain immunities or privileges; admitted to special rights; followed by of.
 * 8)  Certain or honourable; the opposite of base.
 * 9)  Privileged or individual; the opposite of common.
 * 1)  Of a rocket or missile: not under the control of a guidance system after being launched.
 * 2) Without; not containing (what is specified); exempt; clear; liberated.
 * 3)  Ready; eager; acting without spurring or whipping; spirited.
 * 4)  Invested with a particular freedom or franchise; enjoying certain immunities or privileges; admitted to special rights; followed by of.
 * 5)  Certain or honourable; the opposite of base.
 * 6)  Privileged or individual; the opposite of common.
 * 1)  Ready; eager; acting without spurring or whipping; spirited.
 * 2)  Invested with a particular freedom or franchise; enjoying certain immunities or privileges; admitted to special rights; followed by of.
 * 3)  Certain or honourable; the opposite of base.
 * 4)  Privileged or individual; the opposite of common.
 * 1)  Invested with a particular freedom or franchise; enjoying certain immunities or privileges; admitted to special rights; followed by of.
 * 2)  Certain or honourable; the opposite of base.
 * 3)  Privileged or individual; the opposite of common.
 * 1)  Privileged or individual; the opposite of common.
 * 1)  Privileged or individual; the opposite of common.

Usage notes

 * The comparatives and  and superlatives  and  are also attested but rare.

Translations

 * Afrikaans:
 * Albanian: (i/e)
 * Amharic: ነፃ
 * Arabic:
 * Egyptian Arabic: حر
 * Moroccan Arabic: حر
 * Armenian: ,
 * Aromanian: lefter
 * Assamese: মুকলি
 * Asturian: llibre
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bambara: hɔrɔn
 * Bashkir: ирекле, азат, бәйһеҙ, хөр
 * Belarusian: ,
 * Bengali: ,
 * Bikol Central:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 自由
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: ,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Friulian: libar
 * Galician: ,
 * Georgian: თავისუფალი
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἐλεύθερος
 * Haitian Creole: lib
 * Hebrew: חופשי
 * Hindi:, , ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:
 * Ingrian: vappaa
 * Interlingua:
 * Irish: saor
 * Old Irish: sóer
 * Istriot: leîbaro
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Jarai: rơngai
 * Khmer:
 * Korean:
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish:, ڕزگار
 * Northern Kurdish:, ,
 * Latin:
 * Latvian: brīvs
 * Leonese: ḷḷibru
 * Lezgi: азад
 * Limburgish:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Lombard:
 * Low German: frii, fri
 * German Low German:
 * Luxembourgish: fräi
 * Macedonian: слободен
 * Malay:
 * Malayalam: സ്വതന്ത്രം
 * Manchu: ᠰᡠᠯᡶᠠᠩᡤᠠ
 * Maori: herekore
 * Norman: libre
 * Norwegian:
 * Occitan:
 * Old English: frēo
 * Papiamentu: liber
 * Persian: ,
 * Piedmontese: liber
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Quechua:
 * Romagnol: lèbar
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Sanskrit: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: saor
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: слободан
 * Roman:
 * Seychellois Creole: lib
 * Sindhi:
 * Slovak: slobodný, voľný
 * Slovene:
 * Somali: xor
 * Southern Altai: эркин
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili: huru
 * Swedish:
 * Tabasaran: азад
 * Tagalog: malaya
 * Tarantino: lìbbere
 * Tatar: ирекле,, бәйсез, хөр
 * Telugu:
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Udi: азад
 * Ukrainian: ,
 * Urdu:, سوتنتر, مکت
 * Uyghur: ئەركىن, ھۆر
 * Vietnamese:
 * Volapük:
 * Walloon:
 * Welsh:
 * West Frisian: frijlitten, frij
 * Yiddish: פֿרײַ
 * Zazaki: azad, xoser

 * Albanian: ,
 * Amharic: ነፃ
 * Arabic:
 * Egyptian Arabic: حر
 * Armenian:
 * Assamese: মুকলি
 * Asturian: llibre
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bambara: hɔrɔn
 * Bashkir: иркен
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian: ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:, , ,
 * Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃
 * Greek: ,
 * Hebrew: פָּנוּי
 * Hindi:
 * Ido:
 * Interlingua: ,
 * Irish: saor, scaoilte, éasca
 * Old Irish: sóer
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Khmer:
 * Korean: 자유적(自由的)-이다
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: سەربەست
 * Northern Kurdish: ,
 * Latin:
 * Latvian: brīvs
 * Limburgish:
 * Lindu: naloa
 * Low German:
 * German Low German:
 * Macedonian: слободен
 * Malay:
 * Malayalam: സ്വതന്ത്രം
 * Maori: māhorahora
 * Norman: libre
 * Norwegian: ,
 * Old English: unċīepe
 * Persian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:, neîmpiedicat
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: saor
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Roman:, , ,
 * Sindhi: چٽل
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: lichy
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Vietnamese:
 * Welsh:
 * Yiddish: פֿרײַ
 * Zazaki: serbest

 * Czech:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Hungarian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:, nelegat

 * Albanian:
 * Assamese: মুকলি
 * Azerbaijani: maneə törədilməmiş
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian: piiramatu, takistamatu
 * Finnish:, aukinainen, , ,
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Hebrew: פָּנוּי
 * Hindi:
 * Ido:
 * Interlingua: ,
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: そのままの
 * Korean: 막힘없다
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: ,
 * Limburgish:
 * Low German:
 * German Low German:
 * Macedonian: непречен
 * Maori: māhorahora
 * Norman: libre
 * Norwegian: ,
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:, neîmpiedicat
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: saor
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Roman: ,
 * Sindhi: خلاصو
 * Slovene:
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: lichy
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Telugu: అడ్డగించని
 * Turkish:
 * Yiddish: פֿרײַ

 * Arabic: شَاغِر
 * Egyptian Arabic: فاضى
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bashkir: буш
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan: desocupat
 * Czech:
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German:, unbesetzt
 * Greek:
 * Hindi:
 * Latvian: brīvs
 * Macedonian: слободен
 * Norman: libre
 * Norwegian: ledig
 * Persian:, بی‌کار
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Telugu: ఉపయోగించని
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Yiddish: פֿרײַ
 * Zazaki:, bêkar, azad

 * Abkhaz: аҭацәы
 * Albanian:
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:, bağımsız
 * Bambara: hɔrɔn
 * Bashkir: буш, ирекле
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, 空閒//空閑//空闲
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: פָּנוּי, חופשי
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:
 * Ido:
 * Interlingua:
 * Irish: saor
 * Old Irish: sóer
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: ,
 * Latvian: brīvs
 * Limburgish:
 * Macedonian: слободен
 * Malayalam: സ്വതന്ത്രം
 * Maori: māhorahora
 * Ngazidja Comorian: nafasi
 * Norman: libre
 * Norwegian:, ledig
 * Old English: frēo
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Quechua: qasi
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: saor
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Roman: bezobavezno,
 * Sindhi: فارِغ,
 * Slovene:
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: lichy
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Telugu: నిబంధన లేని
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:, zorunsuz
 * Vietnamese:
 * Yiddish: פֿרײַ

 * Albanian: lejuar
 * Arabic:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bambara: hɔrɔn
 * Bashkir: түләүһеҙ
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: חופשי
 * Ido:
 * Interlingua:
 * Irish: saor
 * Italian:, , software
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:, ,
 * Limburgish:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Macedonian: слободен
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Roman:
 * Sindhi: کليل
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Telugu: ఉచిత దిగుమతి
 * Turkish:
 * Zazaki: xoser

 * Arabic: بِغَيْرِ, بِدُونِ
 * Armenian:
 * Bashkir: -һыҙ / -һеҙ, -һоҙ / -һөҙ
 * Burmese:
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:, -vrij
 * Finnish:, ilman (jotakin),
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:, ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:, बे-
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Irish:
 * Italian:
 * Low German:
 * German Low German:
 * Macedonian: без-, бес-
 * Malay:
 * Norwegian: ,
 * Persian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Serbo-Croatian: bez-, bes-
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: lichy
 * Telugu:
 * Zazaki: berdos

 * Czech:
 * Finnish:
 * Hindi: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Telugu: పరిమితి లేని

 * Azerbaijani:
 * Finnish:
 * Turkish:
 * Zazaki:

 * Albanian: ,
 * Interlingua:
 * Italian:
 * Lithuanian: ,
 * Low German: ,
 * Occitan:,  ,  ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Roman:,  , ,
 * Slovak:, , ,  ,
 * Swedish:, ,
 * Tamil:
 * Volapük: ,
 * West Frisian: ,

Adverb

 * 1) Without needing to pay.
 * 2)  Freely; willingly.
 * 1)  Freely; willingly.
 * 1)  Freely; willingly.
 * 1)  Freely; willingly.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: مَجَّانًا
 * Hijazi Arabic: بِبَلاش
 * Armenian: ,
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:, ,
 * Chukchi: эркуркэ
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: senpage
 * Estonian: tasuta
 * Finnish:
 * French:, ,
 * German: ,
 * Hindi: मुफ़्त
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Irish: saor
 * Italian:
 * Kabuverdianu: fabal
 * Latin: grātīs
 * Latvian: bezmaksas
 * Macedonian: бесплатно
 * Malayalam:, സൗജന്യമായി
 * Maori:
 * Navajo: tʼáá jííkʼe, tʼáadoo bą́ą́h ílíní da
 * Norwegian:
 * Plautdietsch: emsonst
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: an-asgaidh
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: libre, walang bayad, gratis
 * Tamil:
 * Telugu: చెల్లించనవసరం లేని
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Welsh:
 * Yiddish: בחינם
 * Zazaki: berdos

Verb

 * 1)  To make free; set at liberty; release.
 * 2)  To rid of something that confines or oppresses.
 * 3)  To relinquish (previously allocated memory) to the system.
 * 1)  To relinquish (previously allocated memory) to the system.
 * 1)  To relinquish (previously allocated memory) to the system.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: bevry, loslaat, laat gaan
 * Albanian: shkec,
 * Arabic:
 * Egyptian Arabic: يحرر
 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: вызваля́ць, вы́зваліць
 * Bulgarian:, освободя́
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: osvobozovat,
 * Danish: befri, fritage, løslade
 * Dutch:, , laten gaan
 * Esperanto: liberi, liberigi
 * Estonian:, vabaks laskma
 * Finnish:, päästää vapaaksi
 * French:, ,
 * Galician:
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: मुक्त करना
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Interlingua:
 * Irish: saor, fuascail
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: ڕزگار کردن
 * Latin: līberō
 * Latvian: atbrīvot, atsvabināt
 * Lithuanian: išlaisvinti
 * Macedonian: ослободува, ослободи
 * Malayalam: സ്വതന്ത്രമാക്കുക
 * Maori:, wewete, kokiro
 * Norman: libéther
 * Norwegian:, frigi, befri, løslate
 * Occitan:
 * Old English: frēoġan
 * Persian: آزاد ساختن,
 * Polish:, , , , oswabadzać,
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Sanskrit:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ослобађати, ослободити
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovak: oslobodzovať,
 * Slovene: osvobajati, osvoboditi
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:, , (ga)
 * Telugu: విడుదల చేయు
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: звільня́ти, звільни́ти, визволя́ти, ви́зволити
 * Urdu: فرار, پری,
 * Vietnamese:
 * Welsh:
 * Yiddish: באַפֿרײַען

 * Hungarian:, szabaddá tesz

 * Hungarian:

Noun

 * 1) * 2006, :
 * Whether deserved or not, the free gave Cresswell the chance to cover himself in glory with a shot on goal after the siren.
 * 1)  A free transfer.
 * 2)  The usual means of restarting play after a foul is committed, where the non-offending team restarts from where the foul was committed.
 * 1)  The usual means of restarting play after a foul is committed, where the non-offending team restarts from where the foul was committed.
 * 1)  The usual means of restarting play after a foul is committed, where the non-offending team restarts from where the foul was committed.

Translations

 * Finnish:
 * German:

 * Irish: poc saor

Etymology
From, variant of , from , from , from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

title: free


text:
thesaurus

Etymology
16th century, from, from ; its current English usage/meaning was established soon after the publication of Peter Roget's Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases in 1852. .

Noun

 * 1)  A publication, traditionally in the form of a printed book and now often, that provides synonyms (and sometimes antonyms and other  relations) for the words of a given language.
 * 2)   A dictionary or encyclopedia.
 * 3)   A hierarchy of subject headings: canonical titles of themes and topics, the titles serving as search keys.
 * 1)   A dictionary or encyclopedia.
 * 2)   A hierarchy of subject headings: canonical titles of themes and topics, the titles serving as search keys.

Translations

 * Arabic: مَكْنَز
 * Armenian: հոմանիշների բառարան,, հոմանիշարան
 * Bulgarian: синони́мен ре́чник
 * Catalan: diccionari de sinònims
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 同義詞詞典
 * Czech: tezaurus
 * Danish: begrebsordbog, saggruppeordbog, tesaurus, synonymordbog
 * Dutch:, synoniemenboek
 * Dzongkha: མངོན་བརྗོད
 * Esperanto: sinonimaro, ,
 * Faroese: samheitabók
 * Finnish:, käsitesanakirja
 * French:, , dictionnaire de notions, dictionnaire par ordre de matières
 * Galician: dicionario de sinónimos
 * Georgian: თეზაურუსი, სინონიმების ლექსიკონი
 * German:, Begriffswörterbuch, Sachgruppenwörterbuch,
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: पर्यायकोश, प्रतिशब्दकोश,
 * Hungarian:, tézaurusz, tematikus szókincstár
 * Icelandic: hugtakaorðabók
 * Ido: tezauro
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: stórchiste
 * Italian: dizionario dei sinonimi,
 * Japanese:, 類語辞典
 * Khmer: កំរងវេវចនៈសព្ទ
 * Korean: 유의어 사전(類義語辭典)
 * Latvian: tēzaurs
 * Lithuanian: tezauras, sinonimų žodynas
 * Macedonian: тезаурус, синони́мен речник
 * Malay:
 * Maori: puna kupu taurite, punakupu
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: begrepsordbok, begrepsklasseordbok, omgrepsordbok, omgrepsklasseordbok, tesaurus, synonymordbok
 * Occitan:
 * Polish:, słownik wyrazów bliskoznacznych, słownik synonimów
 * Portuguese: dicionário de sinónimos, dicionário de sinônimos , ,
 * Romanian: dicționar de sinonime
 * Russian:, слова́рь сино́нимов
 * Scottish Gaelic: co-fhaclair
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: речник синонима, теза̀урус
 * Roman: rečnik sinonima,
 * Sinhalese: සමාන පද නාමාවලිය
 * Slovak: tezaurus
 * Spanish: diccionario de sinónimos,
 * Swedish:, begreppsklassordbok, ,
 * Tagalog: talasimpanan
 * Thai:
 * Turkish: eşanlamlılar sözlüğü, tesarus
 * Welsh:

 * Catalan:
 * Czech: tezaurus
 * Finnish: käsitesanakirja,
 * Russian: предме́тный указа́тель

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) treasure, hoard
 * 2) a dear friend, loved one
 * 3) a vault for treasure
 * 4) chest, strongbox
 * 5) repository, collection
 * 1) repository, collection

Noun

 * 1)  dictionary of synonyms

title: thesaurus


text:
User:Maveric149

Websterbot RC

Maverick \Mav"er*ick\, v. t.  To take a maverick. [Western U. S.]

Maverick \Mav"er*ick\, n.  In the southwestern part of the united States, a bullock or   heifer that has not been branded, and is unclaimed or wild;   -- said to be from Maverick, the name of a cattle owner in   Texas who neglected to brand his cattle.

maverick adj : independent in behavior or thought; "she led a somewhat          irregular private life"; "maverick politicians" [syn: irregular, unorthodox] n 1: someone who exhibits great independence in thought and action [syn: rebel] 2: unbranded range animal especially a stray calf

User:Maveric149/Sandbox

title: User:Maveric149


text:
Wiktionary:Language considerations

While this Wiktionary is known as the English Wiktionary, it is a matter of fundamental policy that this dictionary includes "all words in all languages". This means that our entries need to reflect the structure and peculiarities of a wide variety of different languages – modern and ancient, widespread and rare, attested and reconstructed, written in a range of scripts, and so forth.

The pages in the category Category:Wiktionary language considerations deal with how to manage entries in a specific language, or instances where words in that language appear in other entries (for example, in etymologies and translation tables).

There are some general issues that affect a wide range of languages. These include:
 * Transliteration
 * Existence of more than one grammatical gender

title: Wiktionary:Language considerations


text:
User:Tobin Richard~enwiktionary

Squat australian with poor spelling, bad grammar and limited knowledge.... But a disire to see the Wikipedia and Wiktionary advance :)

title: User:Tobin Richard~enwiktionary


text:
encyclopedia

Etymology
From, variant of , a univerbated form of , from + , q.v. Nearly all modern English use of the word influenced by the scope and format of  & al.'s  .

Noun

 * 1) A comprehensive reference work (often spanning several printed volumes) with articles (usually arranged in alphabetical order, or sometimes arranged by category) on a range of subjects, sometimes general, sometimes limited to a particular field.
 * 2) Similarly comprehensive works in other formats.
 * 3)  The circle of arts and sciences; a comprehensive summary of knowledge, or of a branch of knowledge.
 * 1) Similarly comprehensive works in other formats.
 * 2)  The circle of arts and sciences; a comprehensive summary of knowledge, or of a branch of knowledge.
 * 1)  The circle of arts and sciences; a comprehensive summary of knowledge, or of a branch of knowledge.

Usage notes
The spelling encyclopedia is standard in American English, common in Canadian English, accepted in Australian and International English, and also very common in British English although nonstandard.

Translations

 * Acehnese: ènsiklopèdia
 * Afrikaans:
 * Albanian:
 * Alemannic German: Enzyklopädie
 * Amharic: መዝገበ ዕውቀት
 * Arabic:, دَائِرَة مَعَارِف
 * Moroccan Arabic: موسوعة
 * Armenian:
 * Asturian: enciclopedia
 * Azerbaijani: qamus,, biliklik
 * Arabic: قاموس
 * Bakhtiari: دونسمندنامه
 * Baluchi: زانتنامہ, زانتگرد
 * Basque:
 * Belarusian: энцыклапе́дыя, энцыкляпэ́дыя
 * Bengali: এনসাইক্লোপিডিয়া
 * Brahui: zántgird
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Carpathian Rusyn: енціклопе́дія
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 百科全書, 百科事典
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Chuvash: энциклопеди
 * Crimean Tatar: entsiklopediya
 * Czech:
 * Danish: ,
 * Dutch:
 * Erzya: содамкундо
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian:
 * Faroese: alfrøðibók
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ენციკლოპედია
 * German:, , ; Realencyclopädie, Realwörterbuch
 * Gilaki: دانشنامه
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: πανδέκτης
 * Gurani: زانستنامە
 * Haitian Creole: ansiklopedi
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: ज्ञानकोष,, , , इनसाइक्लोपीडिया
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic:, ,
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:
 * Interlingua:
 * Irish: ciclipéid
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Kannada: ವಿಶ್ವಕೋಶ
 * Karachay-Balkar: энциклопедия
 * Kazakh: энциклопедия
 * Khmer: វិជ្ជាសមោធាន, សៀវភៅប្រជុំវិជ្ជា
 * Korean: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: زانستنامە
 * Laki: زانستنۆمە
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Southern Kurdish: زانستنامە
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Lao:
 * Latin: encyclopaedīa, pandectēs
 * Latvian: enciklopēdija
 * Limburgish: encyklopedie
 * Lithuanian:
 * Livvi: tiedosanakniigu
 * Low German: nokieksel
 * Luxembourgish: Enzyklopedie
 * Macedonian: енциклопе́дија
 * Malay:, jagat katan
 * Malayalam: സര്‍വവിജ്ഞാനകോശം,
 * Maori: mātāpunenga
 * Mazanderani: دانشنومه
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: нэвтэрхий толь
 * Nahuatl:
 * Navajo: ínsadoobíídiiya
 * Northern Luri: دونسمنامٱ
 * Northern Sami: diehtosátnegirji
 * Northwestern Ojibwa: gikendamowin-mazina'igan
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: encyklopedi
 * Old Church Slavonic:
 * Cyrillic: єнкѷклопєдїꙗ
 * Ossetian: энциклопеди
 * Ottoman Turkish: محیطالمعرف
 * Pashto:
 * Persian:
 * Iranian Persian:, , دائِرَةُالْمَعارِف,
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Punjabi: ਵਿਸ਼ਵਕੋਸ਼
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Sanskrit:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: енциклопе́дија
 * Roman: enciklopédija
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: encyklopedija
 * Upper Sorbian: encyklopedija
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili: kamusi elezo, ensaiklopidia
 * Swedish:, ,
 * Tagalog: santalaalaman,
 * Tajik:, доиратулмаориф, энсиклопедия
 * Tatar: энциклопедия
 * Telugu: విజ్ఞానసర్వస్వం
 * Thai:
 * Tibetan: ཤེས་བྱ་ཀུན་ཁྱབ་མཛོད, རིག་མཛོད
 * Tigrinya: ኢንሳይክሎፐድያ, መዝገበ ፍልጠት
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: ensiklopediýa
 * Ukrainian: енциклопе́дія
 * Urdu: دائِرَۃُ الْمَعارِف, کِتابُ الْمَعارِف,, اِنْسائِیکِلوپِیڈْیا
 * Uyghur:, ئېنسىكلوپېدىيە, ئېنىسىكلوپېدىيە
 * Uzbek: ,
 * Vietnamese: (百科全書)
 * Volapük:, züklopäod, realasikloped
 * Welsh:
 * West Frisian: ensyklopedy
 * Yakut: энциклопедия
 * Yiddish: ענציקלאָפּעדיע
 * Zazaki: ensiklopediye
 * Zealandic: encyclopedie

title: encyclopedia


text:
portmanteau

Etymology 1
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) A large travelling case usually made of leather, and opening into two equal sections.
 * 2)  A schoolbag.
 * 3)  A hook on which to hang clothing.
 * 1)  A schoolbag.
 * 2)  A hook on which to hang clothing.
 * 1)  A schoolbag.
 * 2)  A hook on which to hang clothing.
 * 1)  A hook on which to hang clothing.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: حَقِيبَة سَفَر
 * Breton:, malizenn
 * Bulgarian: голям кожен куфар
 * Czech: kontaminace
 * Dutch: ,
 * Estonian: reisikott, kohver, laadik
 * Finnish:
 * French:, ,
 * German:
 * Interlingua: valise
 * Latin: averta
 * Lithuanian: lagaminas
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: koffert
 * Nynorsk: koffert
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, , дорожная
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: кожни кофер
 * Spanish: ,
 * Turkish:
 * Vietnamese:
 * Yoruba: pọtimáńtò

Etymology 2
First used by in  to describe the words he coined in “”.

Adjective

 * 1)  Made by combining two (or more) words, stories, etc., in the manner of a linguistic portmanteau.

Noun

 * 1)  A portmanteau word.
 * 2) A portmanteau film.
 * 1) A portmanteau film.
 * 1) A portmanteau film.

Verb

 * 1)  To create a portmanteau word.

title: portmanteau


text:
User:Oliver Pereira

Hello! Well, this is all very new and exciting, isn't it? I'm still me, in case you were wondering, but you probably weren't. I might put something more useful here later...

title: User:Oliver Pereira


text:
User:Brooke Vibber

/ˌbraɪən ˈvɪbər/, proper name

 * 1) Perpetual student and hobbyist programmer who's gotten suckered into maintaining the Wikipedia software.

title: User:Brooke Vibber


text:
encyclopaedia

Etymology
From, variant of earlier , q.v.

Etymology
Borrowed from a univerbated form of, from +. This spelling seems to have been first used by in 1559, although the spelling encyclopedia goes back to at least 1517, with a work by.

Noun

 * 1)  encyclopedia

Descendants
All borrowings.

Noun

 * 1) encyclopedia

title: encyclopaedia


text:
frei

Etymology
From, , from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) free; unenslaved; unimprisoned
 * 2) free; unrestricted; more negative also: unrestrained; licentious
 * 3) unblocked; free for passage
 * 4) independent; unaffiliated
 * 5) free of not containing or unaffected by
 * 6) * Friedrich Karl Kasimir, Freiherr von Creuz, Neujahrsgedanken (from: Die geistliche Dichtung von Luther bis Klopstock. Ausgewählt von Paul Pressel. Einzelausgabe der evangelischen Volksbibliothek. Herausgegeben von Dr. Klaider, Stuttgart, 1864, page 933):
 * "de"
 * 1) * Friedrich Karl Kasimir, Freiherr von Creuz, Neujahrsgedanken (from: Die geistliche Dichtung von Luther bis Klopstock. Ausgewählt von Paul Pressel. Einzelausgabe der evangelischen Volksbibliothek. Herausgegeben von Dr. Klaider, Stuttgart, 1864, page 933):
 * "de"

- Wer schläft und ist von Sorgen freier? Der Tod belauscht die stille Nacht So wie des Nilstroms Ungeheuer Des Ufers Schilf unsicher macht.

 * 1)  liberal
 * 2)  free of charge, gratis
 * 1)  free of charge, gratis

Usage notes

 * Frei can mean “free of charge” only in the context of public services, e.g. freie Krankenversorgung ("free medical care"), and in some fixed expressions such as or . Otherwise,  should be used.

Etymology
From, from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) free
 * 2) exempt
 * 3) clear

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  free

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) fly

Noun

 * 1) wing

title: frei


text:
cat

Etymology 1
From, , from , , from , from. Further etymology is unclear.

The Germanic word is generally thought to be from (c. 350, Palladius), from  (c. 75 A.D., Martial), from an  language. This would roughly match how domestic cats themselves spread, as genetic studies suggest they began to spread out of the Near East / Fertile Crescent during the Neolithic (being in Cyprus by 9500 years ago, and Greece and Italy by 2500 years ago ), especially after they became popular in Egypt. However, every proposed source word has presented problems. Adolphe Pictet and many subsequent sources refer to Barabra (Nubian) and "Nouba" (Nobiin)  as possible sources or cognates, but M. Lionel Bender says the Nubian word is a loan from. Jean-Paul Savignac suggests the Latin word is from an Egyptian precursor of 🇨🇬 suffixed with feminine, but John Huehnergard says "the source [...] was clearly not Egyptian itself, where no analogous form is attested."

It may be a Wanderwort. Kroonen says the word must have existed in Germanic from a very early date, as it shows morphological alternations, and suggests that it might have been borrowed from Uralic, compare and  from.

Related to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and , 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, as well as 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and from the same ultimate source 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and more distantly 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 alongside dialectal Maghrebi Arabic (from Berber, probably from Latin).

Noun

 * 1) An animal of the family :
 * 2) A domesticated species  of feline animal, commonly kept as a house pet.
 * 3) Any similar animal of the family, which includes lions, tigers, bobcats, leopards, cougars, cheetahs, caracals, lynxes, and other such non-domesticated species.
 * 4)  The meat of this animal, eaten as food.
 * 5) A person:
 * 6)  A spiteful or angry woman.
 * 7) An enthusiast or player of jazz.
 * 8)  A person (usually male).
 * 9) * 1973 December, "Books Noted", discussing A Dialogue (by James Baldwin and Nikki Giovanni), in Black World, Johnson Publishing Company, 77.
 * BALDWIN: That's what we were talking about before. And by the way, you did not have to tell me that you think your father is a groovy cat; I knew that.
 * 1)  A prostitute.
 * 2)  A strong tackle used to hoist an anchor to the cathead of a ship.
 * 3)  A sturdy merchant sailing vessel.
 * 4)  The game of trap ball.
 * 5)  The trap in that game.
 * 6)  The pointed piece of wood that is struck in the game of tipcat.
 * 7)  A vagina or vulva.
 * 8) A double tripod (for holding a plate, etc.) with six feet, of which three rest on the ground, in whatever position it is placed.
 * 9)   A wheeled shelter, used in the Middle Ages as a siege weapon to allow assailants to approach enemy defences.
 * 1) An enthusiast or player of jazz.
 * 2)  A person (usually male).
 * 3) * 1973 December, "Books Noted", discussing A Dialogue (by James Baldwin and Nikki Giovanni), in Black World, Johnson Publishing Company, 77.
 * BALDWIN: That's what we were talking about before. And by the way, you did not have to tell me that you think your father is a groovy cat; I knew that.
 * 1)  A prostitute.
 * 2)  A strong tackle used to hoist an anchor to the cathead of a ship.
 * 3)  A sturdy merchant sailing vessel.
 * 4)  The game of trap ball.
 * 5)  The trap in that game.
 * 6)  The pointed piece of wood that is struck in the game of tipcat.
 * 7)  A vagina or vulva.
 * 8) A double tripod (for holding a plate, etc.) with six feet, of which three rest on the ground, in whatever position it is placed.
 * 9)   A wheeled shelter, used in the Middle Ages as a siege weapon to allow assailants to approach enemy defences.
 * 1)  A prostitute.
 * 2)  A strong tackle used to hoist an anchor to the cathead of a ship.
 * 3)  A sturdy merchant sailing vessel.
 * 4)  The game of trap ball.
 * 5)  The trap in that game.
 * 6)  The pointed piece of wood that is struck in the game of tipcat.
 * 7)  A vagina or vulva.
 * 8) A double tripod (for holding a plate, etc.) with six feet, of which three rest on the ground, in whatever position it is placed.
 * 9)   A wheeled shelter, used in the Middle Ages as a siege weapon to allow assailants to approach enemy defences.
 * 1)  The pointed piece of wood that is struck in the game of tipcat.
 * 2)  A vagina or vulva.
 * 3) A double tripod (for holding a plate, etc.) with six feet, of which three rest on the ground, in whatever position it is placed.
 * 4)   A wheeled shelter, used in the Middle Ages as a siege weapon to allow assailants to approach enemy defences.
 * 1) A double tripod (for holding a plate, etc.) with six feet, of which three rest on the ground, in whatever position it is placed.
 * 2)   A wheeled shelter, used in the Middle Ages as a siege weapon to allow assailants to approach enemy defences.
 * 1)   A wheeled shelter, used in the Middle Ages as a siege weapon to allow assailants to approach enemy defences.

Verb

 * 1)  To hoist (the anchor) by its ring so that it hangs at the cathead.
 * 2)  To flog with a cat-o'-nine-tails.
 * 3)  To vomit.
 * 4) To go wandering at night.
 * 5) To gossip in a catty manner.
 * 1) To gossip in a catty manner.
 * 1) To gossip in a catty manner.
 * 1) To gossip in a catty manner.
 * 1) To gossip in a catty manner.

Translations

 * Danish: katte
 * Finnish: nostaa ankkuri
 * French:
 * Italian: caponare
 * Norwegian:
 * Saraiki:
 * Sedang: yhg
 * Urdu:

 * Bulgarian: бия с камшик
 * Finnish: ruoskia yhdeksänhäntäisellä kissalla
 * French: fouetter avec un chat à neuf queues

 * Afrikaans: opgooi, kots
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish:
 * Estonian: oksendama
 * Finnish:
 * French:, , ,
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Swedish: ,

Etymology 2
From, derived from the program's function of concatenating files. Compare.

Noun

 * 1)  A program and command in Unix that reads one or more files and directs their content to the standard output.

Verb

 * 1)  To apply the cat command to (one or more files).
 * 2)  To dump large amounts of data on (an unprepared target), usually with no intention of browsing it carefully.

Etymology 3
Abbreviations.

Noun

 * 1)  Any of a variety of earth-moving machines. (from their manufacturer )
 * 2) A ground vehicle which uses caterpillar tracks, especially tractors, trucks, minibuses, and snow groomers.
 * 3)  Often used attributively, as in “CAT scan” or “CT scan”.
 * 1)  Any of a variety of earth-moving machines. (from their manufacturer )
 * 2) A ground vehicle which uses caterpillar tracks, especially tractors, trucks, minibuses, and snow groomers.
 * 3)  Often used attributively, as in “CAT scan” or “CT scan”.
 * 1)  Any of a variety of earth-moving machines. (from their manufacturer )
 * 2) A ground vehicle which uses caterpillar tracks, especially tractors, trucks, minibuses, and snow groomers.
 * 3)  Often used attributively, as in “CAT scan” or “CT scan”.
 * 1)  Any of a variety of earth-moving machines. (from their manufacturer )
 * 2) A ground vehicle which uses caterpillar tracks, especially tractors, trucks, minibuses, and snow groomers.
 * 3)  Often used attributively, as in “CAT scan” or “CT scan”.
 * 1)  Often used attributively, as in “CAT scan” or “CT scan”.

Adjective

 * 1)   Catastrophic; terrible, disastrous.

Derived terms

 * cat melodeon
 * cat bond
 * J-cat

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) paint

Verb

 * 1)  to paint
 * 2) to apply paint to.
 * 3) to apply in the manner that paint is applied.
 * 4) to cover (something) with spots of colour, like paint.

Etymology
From, from or from Latin cattus, possibly even 🇨🇬.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) paint substance

Affixed terms

 * bercat
 * mengecat : to paint
 * dicat : to be painted
 * : painting an artwork in the form of a painted picture
 * pengecatan: the action of applying paint to something (e.g. a surface, etc.)
 * pengecat: painter a person whose job is paining buildings

Etymology
From, , this is in turn from.

Noun

 * 1)  (feline)

Etymology
From (variant of ) from.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  floor (storey)

Etymology
From, from , from , , from , , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) cat

Etymology
From, borrowed from. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) cat

title: cat


text:
User:Patrick

http://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/Gebruiker:Patrick

Capitalisation
Boot, boot.

user:patrick gives "Did you mean User:Patrick? ".

See also m:MediaWiki talk:Searchdidyoumean.

Varying with time
NUMBEROFARTICLES: number of pages in the main namespace which contain a link and are not a redirect, i.e. number of articles, stubs containing a link, and disambiguation pages.

test
Main Page, Main Page, etc.

Main Page

Main Page

Main Page

Main Page

Main Page

Main Page

Constitution of the United States of America

m:Wikisource:Constitution of the United States of America

http://sources.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States_of_America

http://meta.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikisource:Constitution_of_the_United_States_of_America

http://www.google.com/images/logo_sm.gif

title: User:Patrick


text:
Talk:frei

This is an attempt of a non-english entry. Any comments?

 * Shouldn't we have German text since this is a German word? I'm confused on how the multilingual thing will work. --Maveric149

No, not german text this is the English wiktionary it should be in English. Describing usage of the german word, complications of translation etc.

 * Oh. That makes sense. Thanks. --mav

Layout
I would standardize the Etymology section:
 * < Germanic *frijaz < Indoeuropean *prei- to be fond of

131.107.3.70 08:09 Jan 24, 2003 (UTC)

I'm not so sure what "(more common translations in case (2)" means 131.107.3.70 08:09 Jan 24, 2003 (UTC)

From the examples, there is no obvious difference between meaning (5) and (6). Dieser Platz ist frei also means "... is available"

Doesn't this page contradict what is said on the main page? It should just contain translations into English - no definitions, no translations into other languages. That's for the German wiktionary to do. — Paul G 17:03, 30 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * You seem to be correct. I am not sure what to do about it, though, as I cannot locate a Wiktionary policy that is an equivalent to the Wikipedia AFD process.
 * P.MacUidhir 23:08, 19 January 2006 (UTC)

From Old-English....
Sorry, but German does not come from Old-English, but (Old-)English comes from ancient Germanic.

frei is also a portuguese word
"frei" is also a word in Portuguese, deriving from "freire", meaning, as far as I know, "friar" in english.

title: Talk:frei


text:
woordenboek

Etymology
Equivalent to. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) dictionary

title: woordenboek


text:
User:Ed Poor

I've been studying Korean, on and off, for about 30 years. I also took two semesters of college Japanese (ありがと, benkyo shimash'tanga zenbu wasuremashita).

I'm user #21 here, and user #188 at Wikipedia.

This year, I upgraded my home Internet access, so I've become a lot more active here. My primary interest is Korean vocabulary. 감사합니다.

Korean words
I'd like to contribute the following Korean words:

First I have to make sure they're not already in the dictionary. Then I have to get them in the right format; maybe a template can help.

Also what about the back-translation from English to Korean?

Frequency list
Look at this Korean word frequency list which is in alphabetical order. The first column looks like some kind of word count. The second column is Korean words.

title: User:Ed Poor


text:
gratis

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Adjective

 * 1) Free, without charge.

Adverb

 * 1) Free, without charge.

Etymology
From, from , contraction of.

Adverb

 * 1) free, without charge

Etymology 1
.

Adverb

 * 1) free, for free

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) free, without charge

Adjective

 * , free obtainable without payment

Adverb

 * , free without needing to pay

Etymology
Borrowed from, contraction of.

Adjective

 * 1) free, without charge

Adverb

 * 1) free, without charge

Etymology
.

Adverb

 * 1) free, without charge,

Adjective

 * 1) free; for free, without charge

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) free, without charge

Adverb

 * 1) free, without charge

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Adverb

 * 1) free, without charge

Etymology
From, from , contraction of.

Adjective

 * 1) free, without charge

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) for free,

Adjective

 * 1) free

Etymology
Contracted from.

Adverb

 * 1) out of favor or kindness, without recompense or compensation, gratuitously, freely

Etymology
From, from , contraction of.

Adjective

 * 1)  free, without charge

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Adjective

 * 1) free (obtainable without payment)

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Adjective

 * 1) free (obtainable without payment)

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) perquisite, free gift

Adverb

 * , free of charge

Etymology
.

Adverb

 * 1) free of charge, for free

Adjective

 * 1) free of charge, for free

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) free, without charge

Adverb

 * 1) free, without charge

Adverb

 * 1) free, without charge

Adjective

 * 1) free, without charge

title: gratis


text:
umsonst

Etymology
, compare 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1) free of charge, gratis
 * 2) in vain, without success
 * 3) for nothing; for the sake of doing it (without expecting reply)
 * 1) for nothing; for the sake of doing it (without expecting reply)
 * 1) for nothing; for the sake of doing it (without expecting reply)

Adverb

 * 1) free of charge, gratis

title: umsonst


text:
gratuit

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) gratuitous, not obliged to

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) free of charge
 * 2) gratuitous, for no reason
 * 1) gratuitous, for no reason

Etymology
From. Attested from the 16th century.

Adjective

 * 1) free, free of charge

Etymology
, from.

Adjective

 * 1) free, without payment

title: gratuit


text:
Wiktionary:Public domain sources

Using public domain works as a base for Wiktionary: Several public domain works can be used for sourcing texts into Wiktionary. Webster's dictionary from 1913 is available in plain text online, convenient for copying and pasting. The Century Dictionary 1911 is available as DJVU online, and has to be manually retyped. Some volumes of Oxford English Dictionary are available as DJVU and have to be manually retyped. There are some other sources in public domain, such as 1811 Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue available in plain text.

Webster 1913
See also Webster's Dictionary, 1913. Many definitions from Webster’s New International Dictionary of the English Language, 1913, have been imported into Wiktionary (probably, as of August 2020, there are no more, or very few, definitions left to import, but the dictionary does also include etymologies, synonyms, and quotations). See also the template, which is used for all Wiktionary pages that were imported from that dictionary (as of January 2024 there's a lot - a few thousand)

Available online for search at websters1913.com; available as one huge plain text file from Project Gutenberg #29675.

For a past discussion from 2002 and 2003, see the talk page.

Century 1911
The Century Dictionary, 1911 is a public domain dictionary available as DJVU from www.global-language.com. It can be read with a DJVU plugin, but also without it in a JPEG version. It is in public domain per its being published in the United States pre-1924.

Oxford English Dictionary
The first fascicle of the Oxford English Dictionary was published in 1884, and it was published in fascicles until completion in 1928. Oxford English Dictionary is a great source of word history.

Some scanned fascicles of Oxford English Dictionary under the title A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles by James A. H. Murray can be found at archive.org, as seen in works by James A. H. Murray. They have been scanned by a person whose letter of intent can be seen, as well as his progress as of March 16 2006. He is scanning those fascicles published in the US before 1924, maybe because in the UK the copyright is extended to author's life + 70 years. There seem to be no plain text files converted using OCR.

The volume 1 of OED, 1884, is also available at Fractionary, starting at OED:1_1, and ending at OED:1_1240.

A number of scans are available through a web interface as of 2012.

The online version is available here using a UK library card number of the correct format (e.g. hertsb123456789).

Roget's thesaurus 1911
Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases by Peter Mark Roget is a public domain thesaurus, organized around word clusters. See also.

Available online for search at ARTFL Project; further available from gutenberg #22 and gutenberg #10681.

A 1864 edition available at Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases at Google books.

A 1911 edition available at Google books, as Roget's Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases, edited by C. O. Sylvester Mawson, 1911, Thomas Y. Crowell Company, New York

A 1922 revised edition Roget's International Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases by Christopher Orlando Sylvester Mawson, Peter Mark Roget, Thomas Y. Crowell company, should be in public domain per being published in the United States pre-1923. An online version is available at Bartleby.com.

Moby Thesaurus II
Moby Thesaurus II is a public domain thesaurus created by Grady Ward, featuring a list of synonyms for each word. See also.

Allen's Synonyms and Antonyms
Allen's Synonyms and Antonyms by F. Sturges Allen, 1921, Harper & Brothers, New York is a public domain dictionary of English synonyms and antonyms, available at archive.org. Its being public domain follows from its being published in the United States before 1924; see also S:Help:Public domain.

Lewis and Short
A Latin Dictionary by Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short, 1879, is a PD Latin dictionary. See also. Searchable online in Perseus Project, here "bonus". Available as scanned PDF and browsable online at archive.org, as published at 1891.

WordNet
WordNet is not in public domain.

Princeton's WordNet® is a semantic network with a byproduct as a dictionary. Its core is synset (a set of synonyms) rather than words, and mainly designed for computers to process NLP-related tasks. Its data is modern, unlike the dated Webster's 1913 Dictionary. Most definitions were written by their lexicographers. Please check out WordNet homepage for more details.

License
WordNet is available under WordNet 3.0 license. It requires copying the disclaimer to any distribution but does not require redistribution of any modification under any open-source license again. Please read and follow its license requirement carefully. It's not clear whether WordNet 3.0 license is compatible with Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 and GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL), currently used by Wiktionary. Refer to Wiktionary talk:Princeton WordNet for more detail.

Online Dictionaries

 * Official Portal by Princeton
 * A video dictionary by Dictionary.video, whose text dictionary is mainly based on WordNet

Waei Gorinshūsei 1910
A Japanese Dictionary by James Curtis Hepburn (1815-1911). Japanese title is 「和英語林集成」 (Waei Gorinshūsei) and English title is "A Japanese and English Dictionary with an English and Japanese Index".

There are several versions (『和英語林集成』各版体裁). Some versions available at Meiji Gakuin University Library Digital Archives (Japanese interface).

The latest version is 第九版 (Seventh Edition) 1910. It available at Google Books.

Scans of the third edition (1886) are available in JPG and PDF from the National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (NINJAL).

A Tibetan–English Dictionary (Jäschke 1881)
Published in London in 1881, the Tibetan–English dictionary by the Moravian Church missionary (d. 1883) is in the public domain and is available from the Internet Archive.

Other
Other public domain sources:

 * 1811 Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue -- an early 19th century dictionary of slang, at Project Gutenberg.
 * Ism Book -- a public domain project by Peter Saint-Andre to define words with the ending "-ism".
 * A Dictionary of the Malagasy Language, by J. J. Freeman, 1835
 * English-Esperanto Dictionary by C. F. Hayes and J. C. O'Connor, 1906, at Project Gutenberg, with 13,630 translation pairs
 * A pocket dictionary has about 25k one-line Welsh entries with English definitions, e.g. "Ystyriaethu, v. to use consideration or reflection". Many of these have no corresponding Welsh entry on wikt.

Other sources that are not in public domain:
 * Freedict -- a project that offers dictionaries that are not in public domain but rather mostly under GNU GPL, a license compatible neither with GNU FDL nor CC-BY-SA. It could be possible to get permission to use the contents here. Freedict contains many languages.
 * OneLook -- the dictionary meta-search, not free for import.
 * Reta Vortaro -- not public domain but a GPLed dictionary of Esperanto with translations of words into some other languages; GPL is incompatible with CC-BY-SA.
 * GCIDE, the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English: http://ftp.gnu.org/old-gnu/gcide/

title: Wiktionary:Public domain sources


text:
word

Etymology 1

From, from , from , from , from. ; further related to.

Noun

 * 1)  The smallest unit of language that has a particular meaning and can be expressed by itself; the smallest discrete, meaningful unit of language.
 * 2) The smallest discrete unit of spoken language with a particular meaning, composed of one or more phonemes and one or more morphemes
 * 3) * 2006 Feb. 17, Graham Linehan, The IT Crowd, Season 1, Episode 4:
 * I can't believe you want me back. You've got Jen to thank for that. Her words the other day moved me deeply. Very deeply indeed. Really? What did she say. Like I remember! Point is it's the effect of her words that's important.
 * 1) The smallest discrete unit of written language with a particular meaning, composed of one or more letters or symbols and one or more morphemes
 * 2) A discrete, meaningful unit of language approved by an authority or native speaker (compare non-word).
 * 3) Something like such a unit of language:
 * 4) A sequence of letters, characters, or sounds, considered as a discrete entity, though it does not necessarily belong to a language or have a meaning.
 * 5)  A unit of text equivalent to five characters and one space.
 * 6)   A fixed-size group of bits handled as a unit by a machine and which can be stored in or retrieved from a typical register (so that it has the same size as such a register).
 * 7)  A finite string that is not a command or operator.
 * 8)  A group element, expressed as a product of group elements.
 * 9) The fact or act of speaking, as opposed to taking action..
 * 10)  Something that someone said; a comment, utterance; speech.
 * 11)  A watchword or rallying cry, a verbal signal (even when consisting of multiple words).
 * 12)  A proverb or motto.
 * 13)   News; tidings.
 * 14) An order; a request or instruction; an expression of will.
 * 15) A promise; an oath or guarantee.
 * 16) A brief discussion or conversation.
 * 17)  A minor reprimand.
 * 18)  See words.
 * 19)  Communication from God; the message of the Christian gospel; the Bible, Scripture.
 * 20)  Logos, Christ.
 * 1)  A unit of text equivalent to five characters and one space.
 * 2)   A fixed-size group of bits handled as a unit by a machine and which can be stored in or retrieved from a typical register (so that it has the same size as such a register).
 * 3)  A finite string that is not a command or operator.
 * 4)  A group element, expressed as a product of group elements.
 * 5) The fact or act of speaking, as opposed to taking action..
 * 6)  Something that someone said; a comment, utterance; speech.
 * 7)  A watchword or rallying cry, a verbal signal (even when consisting of multiple words).
 * 8)  A proverb or motto.
 * 9)   News; tidings.
 * 10) An order; a request or instruction; an expression of will.
 * 11) A promise; an oath or guarantee.
 * 12) A brief discussion or conversation.
 * 13)  A minor reprimand.
 * 14)  See words.
 * 15)  Communication from God; the message of the Christian gospel; the Bible, Scripture.
 * 16)  Logos, Christ.
 * 1)  A watchword or rallying cry, a verbal signal (even when consisting of multiple words).
 * 2)  A proverb or motto.
 * 3)   News; tidings.
 * 4) An order; a request or instruction; an expression of will.
 * 5) A promise; an oath or guarantee.
 * 6) A brief discussion or conversation.
 * 7)  A minor reprimand.
 * 8)  See words.
 * 9)  Communication from God; the message of the Christian gospel; the Bible, Scripture.
 * 10)  Logos, Christ.
 * 1) An order; a request or instruction; an expression of will.
 * 2) A promise; an oath or guarantee.
 * 3) A brief discussion or conversation.
 * 4)  A minor reprimand.
 * 5)  See words.
 * 6)  Communication from God; the message of the Christian gospel; the Bible, Scripture.
 * 7)  Logos, Christ.
 * 1) A brief discussion or conversation.
 * 2)  A minor reprimand.
 * 3)  See words.
 * 4)  Communication from God; the message of the Christian gospel; the Bible, Scripture.
 * 5)  Logos, Christ.
 * 1)  See words.
 * 2)  Communication from God; the message of the Christian gospel; the Bible, Scripture.
 * 3)  Logos, Christ.
 * 1)  Communication from God; the message of the Christian gospel; the Bible, Scripture.
 * 2)  Logos, Christ.
 * 1)  Logos, Christ.
 * 1)  Logos, Christ.

Usage notes
In English and other languages with a tradition of space-delimited writing, it is customary to treat "word" as referring to any sequence of characters delimited by spaces. However, this is not applicable to languages such as Chinese and Japanese, which are normally written without spaces, or to languages such as Vietnamese, which are written with spaces delimiting syllables.

In computing, the size (length) of a word, while being fixed in a particular machine or processor family design, can be different in different designs, for many reasons. See for a full explanation.

Synonyms

 * vocable; see also Thesaurus:word

Verb

 * 1)  To say or write (something) using particular words; to phrase (something).
 * 2)  To flatter with words, to cajole.
 * 3)  To ply or overpower with words.
 * 4)  To conjure with a word.
 * 5)  To speak, to use words; to converse, to discourse.
 * 1)  To ply or overpower with words.
 * 2)  To conjure with a word.
 * 3)  To speak, to use words; to converse, to discourse.
 * 1)  To conjure with a word.
 * 2)  To speak, to use words; to converse, to discourse.
 * 1)  To speak, to use words; to converse, to discourse.
 * 1)  To speak, to use words; to converse, to discourse.
 * 1)  To speak, to use words; to converse, to discourse.

Interjection

 * 1)  Truth, indeed, that is the truth! The shortened form of the statement "My word is my bond."
 * 2)  An abbreviated form of ; a statement of the acknowledgment of fact with a hint of nonchalant approval.
 * 1)  An abbreviated form of ; a statement of the acknowledgment of fact with a hint of nonchalant approval.

Etymology 2
Variant of, from , from , from , from. More at.

Etymology
From, from , from , from.

Verb

 * 1) to become; to get to change one’s state

Usage notes

 * The verb has an archaic preterite : Die kat werd gevoer. (“The cat was fed.”) In contemporary Afrikaans the perfect is used instead: Die kat is gevoer.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) word

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from. .

Noun

 * 1) A  separable, discrete linguistic unit
 * 2) A statement; a linguistic unit said or written by someone:
 * 3) A speech; a formal statement.
 * 4) A byword or maxim; a short expression of truth.
 * 5) A promise; an oath or guarantee.
 * 6) A motto; an expression associated with a person or people.
 * 7) A piece of news often warning or recommending
 * 8) An order or directive; something necessary.
 * 9) A religious precept, stricture, or belief.
 * 10) The act of speaking especially as opposed to action:
 * 11) Discourse; the exchange of statements.
 * 12) The basic, non-figurative reading of something.
 * 13) The way one speaks especially with modifying adjective
 * 14)  The Logos Jesus Christ
 * 15)  The human faculty of language as a whole.
 * 1)  The human faculty of language as a whole.
 * 1)  The human faculty of language as a whole.

Etymology 1
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) word
 * 2) speech, utterance, statement
 * 3)  verb
 * 4) news, information, rumour
 * 5) * c. 992, Ælfric, "Sermon on the Nativiity of Our Lord"
 * "ang"

- Ðyllīce word María hēold ārǣfniġende on hire heortan.

 * 1) command, request

Etymology 2
. Perhaps ultimately from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) thornbush

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) word

title: word


text:
livre

Etymology
Borrowed from. .

Noun

 * 1)  A unit of currency formerly used in France, divided into 20 sols or sous.
 * 2)  An ancient French unit of weight, equal to about 1 avoirdupois pound.
 * 1)  An ancient French unit of weight, equal to about 1 avoirdupois pound.
 * 1)  An ancient French unit of weight, equal to about 1 avoirdupois pound.

Derived terms

 * livre tournois

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) book

Etymology 1
, from, a. The strictly inherited form would be. .

Noun

 * 1) book

Etymology 2
, from, from.

Noun

 * 1) pound unit of weight
 * 2)  metrical pound, half a kilogramme, 500 g
 * 3)  imperial pound ≈ 454 g
 * 4)  various values between 300 and 600 g
 * 5) pound unit of currency
 * 6)  grade level

Etymology 1
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) book

Etymology 2
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) scales
 * 2) pound
 * 3) pound

Etymology 3
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1) free; at liberty

Etymology 1
From, a.

Noun

 * 1)  book

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1) pound

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) book collection of sheets of paper in a specific order

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1)  (medieval French equivalent of a monetary pound)
 * 2) pound (weight)

Usage notes

 * According to the Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française, the actual measure varied between 380g and 552g.

Etymology 3
.

Adjective

 * 1) free; at liberty

Etymology 1
From, , from , from , from , from , from.

Adjective

 * 1) free
 * 2) unoccupied
 * 3) clear, open

Noun

 * 1)  free kick

title: livre


text:
book

Etymology 1
From, , from , from , from. Eclipsed non-native, from. Bookmaker sense by.

Noun

 * 1) A collection of sheets of paper bound together to hinge at one edge, containing printed or written material, pictures, etc.
 * 2) A long work fit for publication, typically prose, such as a novel or textbook, and typically published as such a bound collection of sheets, but now sometimes electronically as an e-book.
 * 3) A major division of a long work.
 * 4)   A record of betting (from the use of a notebook to record what each person has bet).
 * 5)  A bookmaker (a person who takes bets on sporting events and similar); bookie; turf accountant.
 * 6) A convenient collection, in a form resembling a book, of small paper items for individual use.
 * 7)  The script of a musical or opera.
 * 8)  Records of the accounts of a business.
 * 9)  A book award, a recognition for receiving the highest grade in a class (traditionally an actual book, but recently more likely a letter or certificate acknowledging the achievement).
 * 10)  Six tricks taken by one side.
 * 11)  Four of a kind.
 * 12)  A document, held by the referee, of the incidents happened in the game.
 * 13)  A list of all players who have been booked (received a warning) in a game.
 * 14)  The twenty-sixth Lenormand card.
 * 15)  Any source of instruction.
 * 16)  The accumulated body of knowledge passed down among black pimps.
 * 17)  A portfolio of one's previous work in the industry.
 * 18) * Idea Industry (page 27)
 * Your portfolio — your book — has to be killer.
 * 1)  The sum of chess knowledge in the opening or endgame.
 * 1)  The script of a musical or opera.
 * 2)  Records of the accounts of a business.
 * 3)  A book award, a recognition for receiving the highest grade in a class (traditionally an actual book, but recently more likely a letter or certificate acknowledging the achievement).
 * 4)  Six tricks taken by one side.
 * 5)  Four of a kind.
 * 6)  A document, held by the referee, of the incidents happened in the game.
 * 7)  A list of all players who have been booked (received a warning) in a game.
 * 8)  The twenty-sixth Lenormand card.
 * 9)  Any source of instruction.
 * 10)  The accumulated body of knowledge passed down among black pimps.
 * 11)  A portfolio of one's previous work in the industry.
 * 12) * Idea Industry (page 27)
 * Your portfolio — your book — has to be killer.
 * 1)  The sum of chess knowledge in the opening or endgame.
 * 1)  The accumulated body of knowledge passed down among black pimps.
 * 2)  A portfolio of one's previous work in the industry.
 * 3) * Idea Industry (page 27)
 * Your portfolio — your book — has to be killer.
 * 1)  The sum of chess knowledge in the opening or endgame.
 * 1) * Idea Industry (page 27)
 * Your portfolio — your book — has to be killer.
 * 1)  The sum of chess knowledge in the opening or endgame.

Synonyms

 * See Thesaurus:book

Hyponyms

 * See Thesaurus:book

Etymology 2
From, , from , , from the noun (see above).

Verb

 * 1)   To reserve (something) for future use.
 * 2)  To write down, to register or record in a book or as in a book.
 * They booked that message from the hill
 * 1)  To add a name to the list of people who are participating in something.
 * I booked a flight to New York.
 * 1)  To record the name and other details of a suspected offender and the offence for later judicial action.
 * The police booked him for driving too fast.
 * 1)  To issue a caution to, usually a yellow card, or a red card if a yellow card has already been issued.
 * 2)  To travel very fast.
 * He was really booking, until he passed the speed trap.
 * 1) To record bets as bookmaker.
 * 2)  To receive the highest grade in a class.
 * The top three students had a bet on which one was going to book their intellectual property class.
 * 1)  To leave.
 * He was here earlier, but he booked.
 * He was really booking, until he passed the speed trap.
 * 1) To record bets as bookmaker.
 * 2)  To receive the highest grade in a class.
 * The top three students had a bet on which one was going to book their intellectual property class.
 * 1)  To leave.
 * He was here earlier, but he booked.
 * He was here earlier, but he booked.

Etymology 3
From, , from , from , first and third person singular indicative past tense of.

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to ; to reserve

Etymology
Compare.

Noun

 * 1) hair

Etymology
From, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) piece

title: book