text:
counterpoint

Etymology 1
, from, from. Equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1)  A melody added to an existing one, especially one added to provide harmony whilst each retains its simultaneous identity; a composition consisting of such contrapuntal melodies.
 * 2) Any similar contrasting element in a work of art.
 * 3) An opposite point.
 * 4) * 1605, Sir, Europae Speculum [A Relation of the State of Religion in Europe], in Mary Ellen Henley, Sir Edwin Sandy's Europae Speculum: a Critical Edition (2001)
 * Priests; who affecting in them selves and their followers a certein Angelical puritie, fell sodainly to the very counterpoint of justifying bestialitie.
 * 1) * 1605, Sir, Europae Speculum [A Relation of the State of Religion in Europe], in Mary Ellen Henley, Sir Edwin Sandy's Europae Speculum: a Critical Edition (2001)
 * Priests; who affecting in them selves and their followers a certein Angelical puritie, fell sodainly to the very counterpoint of justifying bestialitie.

Synonyms

 * music

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Esperanto: kontrapunkto
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic: kontrapunktur
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 対位法
 * Maori: rangi pāhekoheko
 * Persian: کنترپوئن
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:

 * Portuguese:

Verb

 * 1)  To compose or arrange such music.
 * 2)  To serve as an opposing point against.

Translations

 * German: kontrapunktieren

Etymology 2
From, a corruption of , from , i.e. a stitched pillow or cover. See.

title: counterpoint


text:
olde

Noun

 * 1) impulse

Adverb

 * 1)  agedly, oldly

Etymology
From, from , from.

Adjective

 * 1) old

Noun

 * 1) A moon in its first phase after new; a waxing crescent.

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) daily

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: olde


text:
eurythmics

Noun

 * 1) A rhythmic interpretation of music with graceful, free-style dance movements.

title: eurythmics


text:
eurythmy

Etymology
From, from +.

Noun

 * 1) The harmony of features and proportion in architecture.
 * 2) Graceful body movements to the rhythm of spoken words and music.
 * 3)  Healthy, normal beating of the pulse; eurhythmia.
 * 1)  Healthy, normal beating of the pulse; eurhythmia.

title: eurythmy


text:
Mande

Etymology
The name in.

Proper noun

 * 1) A branch of Niger-Congo languages, spoken mostly in West Africa.

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) Monday

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) Monday

title: Mande


text:
Tunde

Etymology
From or.

Proper noun

 * 1) Tuesday

title: Tunde


text:
evacuant

Adjective

 * 1) laxative

Noun

 * 1) something used to clean out an organ system, especially the bowels
 * 2) a laxative

title: evacuant


text:
Trinde

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) Wednesday

title: Trinde


text:
Cardiganshire

Etymology
From the town of, from.

Proper noun

 * , bordered by Pembrokeshire, Carmarthenshire, Brecknockshire, Radnorshire, Montgomeryshire and Merionethshire.

Synonyms

 * County of

Translations

 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: Cardiganshire
 * Welsh: Ceredigion, Sir Aberteifi

title: Cardiganshire


text:
Radnorshire

Proper noun

 * , bounded to the north by Montgomeryshire and Shropshire, to the east by Herefordshire, to the south by Brecknockshire and to the west by Cardiganshire.

Translations

 * Welsh: Sir Faesyfed

title: Radnorshire


text:
Fonde

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) Thursday

title: Fonde


text:
Montgomeryshire

Etymology
From

Proper noun

 * , bounded to the north by Denbighshire, to the east and southeast by Shropshire, to the south by Radnorshire, to the southwest by Cardiganshire and to the west and northwest by Merionethshire.

Translations

 * Welsh: Sir Drefaldwyn

title: Montgomeryshire


text:
Merionethshire

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * , bounded to the north by Caernarfonshire, to the east by Denbighshire, to the south by Montgomeryshire and Cardiganshire, and to the west by Cardigan Bay.

Translations

 * Welsh: Meirionnydd, Sir Feirionnydd

title: Merionethshire


text:
Caernarfonshire

Proper noun

 * 1) . bounded to the north by the Irish Sea, to the east by Denbighshire, to the south by Cardigan Bay and Merionethshire, and to the west by Caernarfon Bay and the Menai Strait, which separates it from Anglesey.

Translations

 * Welsh: Sir Gaernarfon

title: Caernarfonshire


text:
Fraide

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) Friday

Etymology
.

Proper noun

 * 1) Friday

title: Fraide


text:
Denbighshire

Proper noun

 * 1) A county in north-east Wales, bordered by Wrexham, Flintshire, Conwy, Gwynedd and Powys
 * 2)  A maritime traditional county of Wales, bounded to the north by the Irish Sea, to the east by Flintshire, Cheshire and Shropshire, to the south by Montgomeryshire and Merionethshire, and to the west by Caernarfonshire.

Translations

 * Marathi: डेनबीशर
 * Welsh: Sir Ddinbych

 * Marathi: डेनबीशर
 * Welsh: Sir Ddinbych

title: Denbighshire


text:
Sarere

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) Saturday

title: Sarere


text:
evanesce

Etymology
From. .

Verb

 * 1)  To disappear into a mist or dissipate in vapor
 * 2)  To transition from the solid state to gaseous state without ever becoming a liquid

Translations

 * Bulgarian:, изгубвам се
 * Russian:
 * Slovene: izhlapeti

 * Bulgarian:
 * German:
 * Russian:
 * Slovene: sublimirati

title: evanesce


text:
Flintshire

Etymology
From, also once known as the County of Flint.

Proper noun

 * 1)  A detached part, Maelor Saesneg, is bounded on the northwest by Denbighshire, on the northeast by Cheshire, and on the south by Shropshire. There is a further small detached part around Marford.
 * 2) . It borders Merseyside, Cheshire, Wrexham and Denbighshire.

Translations

 * Welsh: Sir y Fflint

title: Flintshire


text:
𐎋𐎍𐎁𐎚

Etymology
Feminine of.

Noun

 * 1) (female) dog, bitch

title: 𐎋𐎍𐎁𐎚


text:
first e-rights

Noun

 * 1)  The right to publish a work for the first time in electronic form.
 * 2) * 2003, Technically you have used "first e-rights" and can no longer sell it as an unpublished story/article ... Once a story is printed on the web, first e-rights have been used but first print rights are still available. — Tina Morgan Know Your Rights, appearing in Fiction Factor: The online magazine for fiction writers.

title: first e-rights


text:
Anglesey

Etymology
Possibly of origin, from  ( + ) or, the name  itself being a variant of  and from the former noun. Folk etymology confused the name with that of the Angles. More at Anglesey.

Proper noun

 * 1) . It is separated from Caernarfonshire on the mainland by a narrow stretch of water called the Menai Strait. The county was merged into  in 1974.
 * ,, created in 1996 when it was separated from Gwynedd.
 * 1) A marquisate in the peerage of the United Kingdom.

Translations

 * Faroese: Ynys Môn, Anglesey
 * Irish: Inis Món
 * Old Irish: Mana
 * Latin: Mona
 * Manx: Moan
 * Portuguese: Anglesey, Mona
 * Welsh: Ynys Môn

Etymology
.

title: Anglesey


text:
sande

Etymology
From the noun.

Verb

 * 1) to sprinkle with sand; to strew (with) sand

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) A holiday

Verb

 * 1) To take a day off

title: sande


text:
𐎛𐎐𐎗

Noun

 * 1) dog, cur

title: 𐎛𐎐𐎗


text: Category:Copyright

title: Category:Copyright


text:
evaginate

Etymology
, from and.

Verb

 * 1)  To evert a bodily organ inside surface to outside.
 * 2)  To cause (a bodily organ or part) to turn inside out.

Adjective

 * 1) Protruded, or grown out, as an evagination; turned inside out; unsheathed; evaginated.
 * an evaginate membrane

title: evaginate


text:
𐎍𐎁𐎜

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) lion

title: 𐎍𐎁𐎜


text:
asde

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) yesterday

Noun

 * 1) yesterday

title: asde


text:
justify

Etymology
From, from , from , from , + , from , equivalent to.

Verb

 * 1)  To provide an acceptable explanation for.
 * 2)  To be a good, acceptable reason for; warrant.
 * 3)  To arrange (text) on a page or a computer screen such that the left and right ends of all lines within paragraphs are aligned.
 * 4)  To absolve, and declare to be free of blame or sin.
 * 5)  To give reasons for one’s actions; to make an argument to prove that one is in the right.
 * 6)  To prove; to ratify; to confirm.
 * 7)  To show (a person) to have had a sufficient legal reason for an act that has been made the subject of a charge or accusation.
 * 8)  To qualify (oneself) as a surety by taking oath to the ownership of sufficient property.
 * 1)  To arrange (text) on a page or a computer screen such that the left and right ends of all lines within paragraphs are aligned.
 * 2)  To absolve, and declare to be free of blame or sin.
 * 3)  To give reasons for one’s actions; to make an argument to prove that one is in the right.
 * 4)  To prove; to ratify; to confirm.
 * 5)  To show (a person) to have had a sufficient legal reason for an act that has been made the subject of a charge or accusation.
 * 6)  To qualify (oneself) as a surety by taking oath to the ownership of sufficient property.
 * 1)  To prove; to ratify; to confirm.
 * 2)  To show (a person) to have had a sufficient legal reason for an act that has been made the subject of a charge or accusation.
 * 3)  To qualify (oneself) as a surety by taking oath to the ownership of sufficient property.
 * 1)  To prove; to ratify; to confirm.
 * 2)  To show (a person) to have had a sufficient legal reason for an act that has been made the subject of a charge or accusation.
 * 3)  To qualify (oneself) as a surety by taking oath to the ownership of sufficient property.
 * 1)  To show (a person) to have had a sufficient legal reason for an act that has been made the subject of a charge or accusation.
 * 2)  To qualify (oneself) as a surety by taking oath to the ownership of sufficient property.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic:
 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: апра́ўдваць, апраўда́ць
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Czech: obhajovat, obhájit, ospravedlňovat,
 * Danish: begrunde, retfærdiggøre
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: argumenti, motivi
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: გამართლება, ახსნა, განმარტება
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 言い開く
 * Kazakh: ақтау
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian: pateisinti, pasiteisinti
 * Macedonian: оправдува, оправда
 * Maori: whakawhaihuruhuru,, parahau
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: begrunne, rettferdiggjøre
 * Occitan:
 * Persian:
 * Polabian: antvardol să
 * Polish:, , , usprawiedliwić
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Scots: justifee
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: пра̑вдати, о̀пра̄вдати
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovak: ospravedlňovať, ospravedlniť
 * Slovene: upravičevati, upravičiti
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: haklı göstermek
 * Ukrainian: випра́вдувати, ви́правдати, виправдо́вувати, опра́вдувати, оправда́ти
 * Welsh:

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: سَوَّغَ
 * Bulgarian:, обясня́, , извиня́
 * Catalan:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: begrunde
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: argumenti, motivi
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Georgian: გამართლება, ახსნა, მტკიცება, დასაბუთება
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Latin: iustifico
 * Malay: justifikasikan
 * Maori: whaihuruhuru
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: begrunne
 * Polish:, , , usprawiedliwić
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, , , , ,
 * Scots: justifee
 * Spanish: ,
 * Turkish:, teyyit etmek
 * Welsh:

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Czech: zarovnat
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: tasapalsta,
 * French:
 * Georgian: გასწორება, სწორება
 * German: ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian:
 * Latin: iustifico
 * Maori: whakatautika
 * Polish: wyjustować
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:, hizaya sokmak
 * Ukrainian:, ви́рівняти

 * Bulgarian:
 * Greek:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: отпуска́ть грехи́, отпусти́ть грехи́
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: frita från skuld

 * Afrikaans:

title: justify


text: Category:Ugaritic nouns

title: Category:Ugaritic nouns


text:
e-zine

Etymology
en

Noun

 * 1)  A magazine published in electronic form, especially on the World Wide Web.

title: e-zine


text:
𐎀𐎊𐎍

Etymology
From.

Noun
/ʾayyalu/

 * 1) red deer: a member of species, or specifically a male (hart, stag)
 * 2) * c. 1400–1200, Baal and Mot

title: 𐎀𐎊𐎍


text:
songwriter

Noun

 * 1)  A musician who composes songs; especially writing the song's lyrics and/or creating a melody or a tune for the song.
 * We are now collaborating with a famous songwriter.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: liedjieskrywer
 * Armenian:
 * Catalan: compositor de cançons, compositora de cançons
 * Czech: písničkář
 * Dutch: ,
 * Faroese: sangskrivari
 * Finnish:
 * French:, ,
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Macedonian: текстописец
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: låtskriver
 * Polish:, tekściarz
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, а́втор те́кста пе́сен, а́втор пе́сен
 * Scottish Gaelic: sgrìobhadair òrain
 * Swedish: ,
 * Thai: นักแต่งเพลง
 * Turkish: şarkı yazarı
 * Ukrainian: пісня́р
 * Welsh:
 * West Frisian: lietsjeskriuwer, lietskriuwer
 * Yiddish: מנגן

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) songwriter

title: songwriter


text:
evasion

Etymology
From, from (accusative of evasio).

Noun

 * 1) The act of eluding or evading or avoiding, particularly the pressure of an argument, accusation, charge, or interrogation; artful means of eluding.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan: evasió
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:, , ,
 * Hungarian:, , , , , , ,
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: seachnadh
 * Spanish:, fraude de ley
 * Swahili: ukwepaji
 * Swedish:
 * Vietnamese: sự lảng tránh

title: evasion


text:
JD

Noun

 * , an American brand of whiskey
 * , an American brand of whiskey
 * , an American brand of whiskey
 * , an American brand of whiskey
 * , an American brand of whiskey
 * , an American brand of whiskey

Proper noun

 * 1)   former Indian political party

title: JD


text:
ravi

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Verb

 * 1) to delight, to enchant

Noun

 * 1) care, cure

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  trot
 * 2) trot rapid gait of a person
 * 3)  harness racing event

Etymology
See.

Adjective

 * 1) thrilled, overjoyed, delighted, ravished, chuffed

Adjective

 * 1)  surprised
 * 2)  delighted

title: ravi


text:
philomath

Etymology
First indubitably attested ante 1643 (perhaps antedated to 1611); from the, from + , from ; compare , , and.

Noun

 * 1)  A lover of learning; a scholar.
 * 2) An astrologer or predictor.
 * 3) * 2007, Thomas Fleming, Benjamin Franklin: Inventing America, Sterling Point Books, age 33
 * "The success of an almanac depended upon the appeal of the "philomath"-the resident astrologer who did the writing and predicting."
 * 1) * 2007, Thomas Fleming, Benjamin Franklin: Inventing America, Sterling Point Books, age 33
 * "The success of an almanac depended upon the appeal of the "philomath"-the resident astrologer who did the writing and predicting."

title: philomath


text:
eupnea

Pronunciation
See full workup of the variants at Wikipedia > Shortness of breath > Collation of -pnea transcriptions.

Noun

 * 1)  Normal, relaxed breathing; healthy condition of inhalation and exhalation.

title: eupnea


text:
hapless

Etymology
From about 1400, from.

Adjective

 * 1) (Especially of a person) unfortunate.
 * 2) Very unlucky; ill-fated.
 * 3) (Very) miserable, wretched, unhappy, measly, forlorn.
 * 4) Devoid of talent or skill.
 * 1) (Very) miserable, wretched, unhappy, measly, forlorn.
 * 2) Devoid of talent or skill.
 * 1) (Very) miserable, wretched, unhappy, measly, forlorn.
 * 2) Devoid of talent or skill.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Amharic: አባርረዋል
 * Arabic: قَلِيل الحَظّ
 * Armenian:, ,
 * Azerbaijani: ürəyisınıq
 * Basque: baliteke zoritxarreko
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: desventurat
 * Cebuano: makalolooy
 * Czech:, pronásledovaný smůlou
 * Danish: ulykkelig
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:, kovaonninen,
 * French:, ,
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian: balsorsú,
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:
 * Latin: miseros
 * Macedonian: не́среќен
 * Manx: neuspeeideilagh
 * Maori: taitaiā, wairuatoa
 * Ottoman Turkish: اوغورسز, بختسز, قوتسز
 * Plautdietsch: onjlekjlich
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:, ,
 * Yiddish: שלימאַזלדיק
 * Yoruba: apọn

title: hapless


text:
euphony

Etymology
From, from , from +  (from ) +. The English word is analysable as.

Noun

 * 1) A pronunciation of letters and syllables which is pleasing to the ear.
 * 2) Pleasant phonetic quality of certain words.
 * 1) Pleasant phonetic quality of certain words.
 * 1) Pleasant phonetic quality of certain words.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:
 * Galician: eufonía
 * German:
 * Hungarian:, , jó/szép/kellemes hangzás, széphangzás
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:
 * Galician: eufonía
 * German:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:

 * Dutch: ,
 * French:
 * Georgian: ევფონია, კეთილხმოვანება
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: εὐφωνία
 * Italian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Roman:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: hunig
 * Turkish:

title: euphony


text:
enculer

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to bugger, to sodomize have anal sex
 * 2)  to fuck have sex
 * 3)  to fuck, to con defraud
 * 4)  to beat up
 * 1)  to fuck, to con defraud
 * 2)  to beat up

title: enculer


text:
Europeanize

Verb

 * 1) To make something, or someone, more European.

Translations

 * Basque: europartu
 * Belarusian: еўрапеізава́ць
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: europeitzar
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 歐洲化;
 * Esperanto: eŭropigi
 * Estonian: euroopastama
 * Finnish: eurooppalaistaa
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Italian: europeizzare
 * Macedonian: европеизира
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: европчлох
 * Mongolian: ᠧᠦᠷᠣᠫᠡᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Slovak: europeizovať
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: європеїзува́ти
 * Vietnamese: Âu hóa, châu Âu hóa, Âu châu hóa

title: Europeanize


text:
euchre

Etymology
Possibly from, name of an eighteenth-century Alsatian card game, itself apparently a compound of +.

Noun

 * 1)  A trump card game played by four players in two partnerships with a reduced deck of 24 cards.

Translations

 * Dzongkha: ཡུ་ཁོད
 * Finnish: euchre
 * Maori: uka

Verb

 * 1) To deceive or outwit.

title: euchre


text:
calorie

Etymology
Borrowed from, formed from. It was originally defined as the large calorie in the early 19th century, with the small calorie being defined some decades later.

Noun

 * 1)  Kilogram calorie or large calorie. A unit of energy 1000 times larger than the gram calorie. It is equivalent to the gram kilocalorie, about 4.2 kilojoules.
 * 2)  The gram calorie or small calorie, a non-SI unit of energy, equivalent to approximately 4.2 joules. This unit was widely used in chemistry and physics, being the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C.
 * 1)  The gram calorie or small calorie, a non-SI unit of energy, equivalent to approximately 4.2 joules. This unit was widely used in chemistry and physics, being the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C.
 * 1)  The gram calorie or small calorie, a non-SI unit of energy, equivalent to approximately 4.2 joules. This unit was widely used in chemistry and physics, being the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C.

Usage notes

 * Most scientific studies are now carried out using the joule (an SI unit).
 * In nutritional contexts the term calorie refers to the kilogram calorie and the term kilocalorie refers to 1000 gram calories. Thus the two terms are equivalent.
 * Calorie counters, such as those on fitness bikes, use the first, more modern, definition.
 * European legislation now requires foods to be labelled with the term kilocalorie.

Translations

 * Arabic: سُعْر, سُعْرَة, وَحْدَة حَرَارِيَّة, كَالُورِي
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: kaloriya
 * Bulgarian: кало́рия
 * Catalan: caloria
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish: kalorie
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: kalorio
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: caloría
 * Georgian: კალორია
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hawaiian: ikehuʻā
 * Hindi: कैलोरी
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: calra
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Khmer:
 * Korean:
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Maltese: kalorija
 * Maori: karori
 * Navajo: chʼiyáán bibee adziil
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: kalori
 * Occitan:
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: calaraidh
 * Serbo-Croatian: калорија,
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili: kalori
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: sambilang-init
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:
 * Vietnamese:
 * Welsh: calori
 * Yoruba: kálórì

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) calorie

Etymology
1845, formed from +. Cf. also French.

Etymology
.

title: calorie


text:
evaporite

Noun

 * 1) The salty, crusty sediment that remains after sea water evaporates.

title: evaporite


text:
afterings

Noun

 * 1) The last milk that is obtained when milking a cow. Often considered the poorest quality of milk.
 * All that was left in the cow were the afterings.
 * 1)  The last of any substance that is of a poorer quality than the earlier substance, e.g. the dregs of coffee.

Translations

 * German: Nachgemelk, Restmilch

 * German:

 * French:

title: afterings


text:
independently

Adverb

 * 1) In an independent manner.

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:individually

Derived terms

 * independently wealthy

Translations

 * Belarusian: самасто́йна, незале́жна
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech: nezávisle
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: sendepende
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian: (egymástól) függetlenül
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Korean: ,
 * Latvian: neatkarīgi
 * Macedonian: независно
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Polish: niepodlegle,, niezawiśle
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Roman:, ,
 * Slovak: nezávisle
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: самості́йно, незале́жно

title: independently


text:
separately

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) In a separate manner; not together; apart.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: асобна
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Crimean Tatar: ayrı
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἀμφίς
 * Hindi:, अलग अलग
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: ar leith
 * Italian:, separatemente, , ,
 * Japanese:
 * Latin: seorsum, sēparātim, sēiunctim
 * Ngarrindjeri: kingung
 * Norwegian: særskilt
 * Ottoman Turkish: باشقه باشقه
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: air leth
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: посебно
 * Roman:
 * Spanish:
 * Tocharian B: waiptār
 * Ukrainian: окремо
 * Urdu: الگ, الگ الگ
 * Welsh:

title: separately


text:
Malthusian

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * Of, or relating to (1766–1834) or his views on human population and world resources.

Translations

 * Belarusian: мальтузія́нскі
 * Czech: malthusiánský, malthusovský
 * French:
 * Italian: maltusiano
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Ukrainian: мальтузіа́нський

Noun

 * 1) A supporter of the ideas of.

Translations

 * Belarusian: мальтузія́нец
 * Russian:
 * Ukrainian: мальтузіа́нець

title: Malthusian


text: democratica

title: democratica


text:
percentage

Etymology
From, from ,.

Noun

 * 1) The amount, number or rate of something, regarded as part of a total of 100; a part of a whole.
 * 2) A share of the sales, profits, gross margin or similar.
 * 3)  Benefit or advantage.
 * 1) A share of the sales, profits, gross margin or similar.
 * 2)  Benefit or advantage.
 * 1)  Benefit or advantage.

Usage notes

 * A percentage is often denoted by the character $⟨%⟩$.
 * e.g. 50% denotes 50 per cent.

 * For sports statistics, percentages are mostly expressed in American and Canadian English as proportions of up to three decimal places and are read as if they were whole numbers.
 * e.g. (0).500 denotes five hundred, not 50% or 50 per cent.

Translations

 * Arabic: النِّسْبَة الْمِئَوِيَّة
 * Armenian:
 * Basque: portzentaje, ehuneko
 * Belarusian: працэ́нт, адсо́так
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Burmese: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian: protsent
 * Finnish: prosenttiosuus, ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: პროცენტი
 * German:, Hundertsatz, Vomhundertsatz
 * Greek:, εκατοστιαία αναλογία
 * Hindi: प्रतिशतता
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, , パーセンテージ
 * Khmer: ចំនួនភាគរយ
 * Korean:, , 퍼센티지
 * Malay: peratusan
 * Maori: ōrautanga
 * Mongolian:
 * Ossetian: процент
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:, проце́нтное отноше́ние
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:, procenthalt,
 * Tagalog: kabahagdanan
 * Thai: อัตราร้อยละ
 * Ukrainian: відсо́ток
 * Vietnamese: số phần trăm, tỷ lệ phần trăm
 * Walloon: ,

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Finnish: prosenttiosuus, ,
 * French:
 * Georgian: პროცენტული წილი, პროცენტი
 * German: prozentualer Anteil, Hundertteil, Hundertanteil
 * Greek:
 * Italian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Tagalog: kabahagdanan
 * Ukrainian: відсо́ток,
 * Walloon:

 * Finnish:
 * Polish:

Etymology
From. Cf. 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  amount or rate as part of 100

title: percentage


text:
per cent

Etymology
From.

Phrase

 * 1) percent

title: per cent


text:
kilocalorie

Noun

 * 1) A non-SI unit of energy equal to 1,000 calories, used (now rare) in chemistry or physics; equal to 1 calorie as used in nutrition. Symbol kcal.

Usage notes

 * This prefix kilo- is generally applied to the small calorie, and not to the large calorie used in nutrition, to avoid confusion because 1,000 food calories would be 1,000,000 small calories.

Translations

 * Catalan: quilocaloria, kilocaloria
 * Chinese:
 * French: ,
 * Galician: quilocaloría
 * German: Kilokalorie
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: kílókaloría
 * Italian: kilocaloria,
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, grande-caloria
 * Spanish: kilocaloría,
 * Zazaki: kilokalori

Etymology
..

title: kilocalorie


text:
Malthus

Proper noun

 * 1)  derived from the  word for malthouse.
 * 2) Thomas Malthus, English demographer and political economist, who proposed the view that population growth always exceeds the growth of the necessary food supply.

title: Malthus


text: lungs

title: lungs


text:
Malthusianism

Noun

 * 1)  The viewpoint that the population will always grow faster than the food supply that it needs to survive and prosper.

Translations

 * Italian:
 * Portuguese:

title: Malthusianism


text:
jigaboo

Etymology
Possibly an African word akin to. Alternatively, perhaps from, formed similarly to and.

Noun

 * 1)  A black person.
 * 2)  Any dark-skinned person.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Japanese: 黒んぼ

title: jigaboo


text:
Template talk:Table suffixes

More to be checked for inclusion here:

-a	-abile	-abilis -ability	-able	-ably -acity	-ad	-ade -aemia	-agogy	-aholic -aje	-al	-algia -alis	-all	-an -anus	-ar	-ar- -arch	-are	-aris -armed	-ary	-as -ase	-ast	-athlon -athon	-aĵ-	-bam -bamus	-bant	-bas -basher	-bashing	-bat -batis	-bearing	-bi- -bloody-	-bo	-bot -chan	-chondrion	-cida -cidal	-cide	-cracy -cycle	-da	-dä -e	-ec-	-ectomy -ed	-ee	-eg- -en	-enn-	-er -er-	-erie	-ese -ess	-est	-estr- -et	-et-	-eth -ette	-faction	-fold -fragus	-free	-fugal -ful	-gamous	-gamy -gate	-genus	-goaler -gon	-gonal	-gramme -graph	-handed	-head -hedral	-hedron	-het -hex-	-holic	-hood -i	-ian	-ibility -ible	-ic	-icle -ico	-icus	-id -id-	-ie	-ier -ify	-ilis	-illion -in	-in'	-in- -ing	-ing-	-ing up a storm -inus	-io	-ion -ique	-ir	-is -ise	-ish	-ism -ist	-ist-	-itas -itis	-itude	-ity -ità	-ium	-ivus -ix	-ize	-iö -iĉ-	-j	-ja -jä	-ka	-keit -kin	-kinesis	-ko -ksi	-kun	-kö -lainen	-less	-let -like	-lingual	-logical -logist	-logy	-looking -ly	-mas	-ment -mobile	-muche	-n -na	-ness	-ni -nil-	-nä	-o -oct-	-ode	-oholic -oid	-ology	-on -ona	-one	-oni -onomy	-onym	-op- -or	-os	-ose -oso	-osus	-ous -pedia	-pent-	-phile -philia	-phobe	-phobia -phobic	-phone	-phore -plast	-plex	-polis -pounder	-quad-	-re -ric	-rin	-rix -s	-sama	-san -scope	-seen	-sept- -ship	-si	-sized -some	-son	-speak -sson	-sti	-t -ta	-tar	-tastic -th	-thon	-tion -tri-	-trix	-trophy -tä	-tär	-u -udo	-uj-	-ul- -ulum	-ulus	-um -um-	-un	-un- -us	-val	-vel -ward	-wards	-wise -word	-worthy	-y

title: Template talk:Table suffixes


text:
bow-wow

Etymology
Onomatopoeic.

Interjection

 * 1) Representing the sound of a dog barking.

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: vov-vov,
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish:, hau hau, vuh
 * French: mouarf, ouah ouah
 * German: wau wau
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian: bau bau
 * Japanese: ワンワン
 * Kazakh: арс-арс, арс-ұрс
 * Khmer:
 * Korean:
 * Lao:
 * Malay:, kung-kung
 * Mongolian: хав хав
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ham-ham
 * Russian: гав-гав
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ав ав
 * Latin: av av
 * Spanish: guau guau
 * Swedish: vov vov, voff voff, ,
 * Telugu: భౌ భౌ
 * Thai: โฮ่ง โฮ่ง
 * Turkish: hav hav
 * Vietnamese:, ẳng ẳng,

Noun

 * 1) The sound of a dog barking.
 * 2)  A dog.
 * 3) * 1902,, letter to dated 13 October, 1902, in  (editor), Theodore Roosevelt’s Letters to His Children, New York: Scribner, 1919, p. 36,
 * Gem is really a very nice small bow-wow, but Mother found that in this case possession was less attractive than pursuit.
 * 1) * 1902,, letter to dated 13 October, 1902, in  (editor), Theodore Roosevelt’s Letters to His Children, New York: Scribner, 1919, p. 36,
 * Gem is really a very nice small bow-wow, but Mother found that in this case possession was less attractive than pursuit.

Adjective

 * 1)  Grandiose.
 * 2) * 1826,, Diary entry for 14 March, 1826, in The Complete Works of Sir Walter Scott; with a Biography, New York: Conner & Cooke, 1833, Volume 7, Chapter 68, p. 475,
 * had a talent for describing the involvements, and feelings, and characters of ordinary life, which is to me the most wonderful I ever met with. The Big Bow-wow strain I can do myself like any now going; but the exquisite touch, which renders ordinary commonplace things and characters interesting, from the truth of the description and the sentiment, is denied to me.
 * had a talent for describing the involvements, and feelings, and characters of ordinary life, which is to me the most wonderful I ever met with. The Big Bow-wow strain I can do myself like any now going; but the exquisite touch, which renders ordinary commonplace things and characters interesting, from the truth of the description and the sentiment, is denied to me.

title: bow-wow


text:
uszny

Etymology
, from. .

Adjective

 * 1)  ear; auricular, otic

title: uszny


text:
Talk:organ

Slang sense
What do you think about adding the definition (or rewording thereof): slang penis I'm not sure if this is an Americanism or is more widely used as a euphemism. Ceyockey June 27, 2005 22:40 (UTC)

*ἔργειν
Can it be added in which language (or reconstructed language) the term *ἔργειν comes from? If it is Ancient Greek, why is the asterisk needed, since Ancient Greek doesn't need to be reconstructed? 173.89.236.187 02:29, 27 July 2015 (UTC)

 * It's wrong. Now fixed. —ObsequiousNewt (εἴρηκα|πεποίηκα) 03:19, 27 July 2015 (UTC)

Thank you; I think it should be fixed at orgán as well. 173.89.236.187 03:29, 27 July 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:organ


text:
antidisestablishmentarian

Noun

 * 1) One who believes that the Church of England should retain its formal constitutional relationship with the state.
 * 2) * 1892, letter of Edward White Benson, quoted in James Anderson Carr, The life-work of Edward White Benson, D.D., sometime Archbishop of Canterbury. London: Elliot Stock, 1898.
 * But the Free Kirk of the north of Scotland are strong anti-Disestablishmentarians. A meeting for Disestablishment can't be got up, even by popular Ministers.
 * 1) * 1900 letter to Pall Mall Gazette
 * A correspondent gives "nonintercommunicability" as the longest word In the English language. While reading the life of Archbishop Benson I came across the following extract from his diary for September, 1892 (page 411): "But the free kirk of the north of Scotland are strong antidisestablishmentarians"—ten syllables, twenty-six letters!

Translations

 * Finnish: valtiokirkon puolustaja

Adjective

 * 1) Of or relating to the belief that the Church of England should retain its formal constitutional relationship with the state.

title: antidisestablishmentarian


text:
abortionism

Noun

 * 1) The advocacy or practice of abortion.

Usage notes
This term appears to be used principally in pejorative fashion by opponents of abortion.

Translations

 * Polish: aborcjonizm
 * Portuguese: abortismo

title: abortionism


text:
safe seat

Noun

 * 1)  A seat in a legislature that is traditionally held by one political party because of the make-up of the local electorate.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 穩得議席, 穩得席位, 穩席
 * Finnish: varma paikka
 * French:

title: safe seat


text:
footy

Noun

 * 1)  Football (association football) (soccer in US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand)
 * 2)  The game or sport of football, usually Australian rules football or rugby league, but not soccer.
 * 3)  The ball used in a game of footy.
 * 4)  A short sock.
 * 5)  A football fan.
 * 1)  A short sock.
 * 2)  A football fan.

Etymology 2
Compare 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) Having foots or settlings.
 * 2) Of bad quality; mean, poor.
 * 1) Of bad quality; mean, poor.

title: footy


text:
ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್

Etymology
.

Proper noun

 * 1)  the English language

title: ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್


text:
Talk:libertarian

A believer in libertarian socialism?
The first definition provided is "a believer in libertarian socialism". Would that be a libertarian socialist? I have never seen the term libertarian to mean a libertarian socialist (nor a civil libertarian, for that matter). I would like to see some bonafide references to such usage. I mean, isn't providing the meaning of "libertarian socialist" on the page for "libertarian" like providing the meaning for "butter milk" on the page for "milk"? Or like providing the meaning for "hand truck" on the page for "truck"? Or providing the meaning for "milk weed" on the page for "milk"?

For reference, m-w.com simply has:
 * an advocate of the doctrine of freedom.
 * a : a person who upholds the principles of absolute and unrestricted liberty especially of thought and action b capitalized : a member of a political party advocating libertarian principles

Dictionary.com simply states:
 * One who advocates maximizing individual rights and minimizing the role of the state.
 * One who believes in free will.

Nothing about libertarian socialism in either official dictinary. Hmm...

Shouldn't wictionary represent how words are actually used, rather than how someone might like to see them used? --27 June 2005 23:24 (UTC) --Serge Issakov 28 June 2005 18:32 (UTC)

 * That is the first meaning that this word ever had, and it continues to be used with that meaning by libertarians. Chameleon June 29, 2005 12:14 (UTC)

 * I'm sorry, but simply asserting "That is the first meaning that this word ever had, and it continues to be used..." hardly qualifies as bonafide references to such usage. Please provide the references or I will correct the entry accordingly.  Thanks.  --Serge Issakov 22:00, 12 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Well, it has been a couple of weeks, and no one has objected, or provided bonafide references of the term libertarianism to mean libertarian socialist, so I will correct the entry. --Serge Issakov 21:16, 27 July 2005 (UTC)

RFV discussion: October 2014–July 2015
Anarchist and socialist? Seems contradictory. WikiWinters (talk) 00:31, 1 October 2014 (UTC)

 * It would probably help to have two more clearly distinct senses of socialism. There is the Marxist sense, which is The Government Owns Everything For Your Own Good, Comrade, which is the source of the American political boo-word ("Obamacare is creeping socialism!!")
 * The other is the softer understanding of a general ethos of helping your neighbours and them helping you: working for a generally social benefit. So a capital-S Socialist Anarchist is a contradiction in terms: someone who wants to pull down government in order to ... build an overarching all-controlling government. The soft sense, on the other hand, is someone who wants to bring down government in the expectation that people will naturally work together for communal benefit without a government getting in the way. (This tends to go with a belief that government tends to be captured by oligarchy sooner or later, so that corporate-controlled government is actively working against the common good as seen from street-level). As opposed to the "every man for themselves" anarchist; such as the Randian, for whom everyone should be selfish and greedy and unrestrained by the needs of those around them, and that this is a good thing; or the caricature anarchist who just wants to watch stuff burn.
 * --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 01:18, 1 October 2014 (UTC)
 * There is such a thing as left-libertarianism. bd2412 T 03:29, 1 October 2014 (UTC)
 * Indeed: libertarian (= seeking individual liberty) does not necessarily mean Libertarian (= Ayn Rand was right about everything). --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 04:34, 1 October 2014 (UTC)

 * Good Hell, I hope that you are trolling. If not, then I am sad to say that you people are bloody ignorant. Socialists, communists, and anarchists (which I consider synonymous) seek the elimination of the state, not the strengthening of it. Look it up. Most anarchists therefore consider ‘anarcho‐socialism’ a pleonasm, in contrast to anarcho-capitalism, which is definitely oxymoronic because capitalism requires the state so that capitalism can sustain itself. The concept of ‘state‐socialism’ was a nonsense concept fabricated by Vladimir Lenin to attract the workers to his movement, and Leninism and its successor ideologies have very little to do with Marxism. Most people have no clue what socialism, communism, or anarchism are. Influential people obfuscated the concept because it could be very dangerous to their power. --Romanophile (talk) 04:12, 1 October 2014 (UTC)
 * I'm glad you are so firmly convinced that Socialism as exemplified in the USSR doesn't mean what the Soviets thought it meant. (Or that it can't hold two, even potentially contradictory, meanings depending on context.) And that Socialism means exactly the same thing as Communism... in all possible contexts, I assume? Also that Anarchism means only what you think it means, and that there are not such things as anarchists who desire the loss of government so that they can as individuals do and take whatever they want, or people who may be unclear on the inherent contradictions between capitalism per se and anarchism per se, but still identify as "anarcho-capitalists". Are there any other political terms you think everyone except you gets wrong? --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 04:31, 1 October 2014 (UTC)

 * The point is, anarcho‐socialism is not oxymoronic, and your idea of ‘Marxist socialism’ is obviously tosh. Even if you think that it’s still a valid meaning, it can’t possibly be the only meaning. Also ‘…everyone except you…’, that’s wrong, too. --Romanophile (talk) 05:06, 1 October 2014 (UTC)
 * I never said it was the only meaning. It would seem to be you having the problem with the concept of polysemy. The World Socialist Movement doesn't get to define what the word is and isn't allowed to mean either. (I am sympathetic to socialism myself, but the "About Us" page of the World Socialism Movement has as much of a monopoly on the word "socialism" as does the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. That is: none.) --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 05:14, 1 October 2014 (UTC)

 * The sense of "libertarian" nominated for RFV is "An anarchist, typically with socialist implications." Please let us have attesting quotations, and, they absent, let us eventually fail this RFV. I am suspicious of the sense, since dictionaries don't have it. . --Dan Polansky (talk) 12:41, 4 October 2014 (UTC)
 * I've added a couple which clearly put libertarians, anarchists and socialists into the same semiotic pot, and a couple more which I'll add here rather than there, because they are not the noun, but used adjectivally:
 * 2011 Carissa Honeywell, A British Anarchist Tradition: Herbert Read, Alex Comfort and Colin Ward, p. 146
 * He highlighted libertarian traditions of socialism and linked them to anarchism in the British context.
 * 2012 David Goodway, Anarchist Seeds Beneath the Snow: Left-Libertarian Thought and British Writers from William Morris to Colin Ward p.15
 * The Labour Emancipation League had been founded in the East End in 1882 and, while never calling itself anarchist, was always libertarian socialist and became anti-parliamentarian, as expressed in Joseph Lane's notable An Anti-Statist, Communist Manifesto of 1887.
 * --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 04:10, 8 October 2014 (UTC)
 * The three quotations present in the entry do not attested the sense, IMHO. I mean 1973 Eugene Lunn, 2009 Peter Marshall and 2012 Wilbur R. Miller. Consider the third one: "While anarchism and socialist libertarians have a rich history of revolutionary thinkers ...": how do you infer that "anarchism" and "socialist libertarians" are terms intended to mean the same in the sentence? --Dan Polansky (talk) 18:06, 12 October 2014 (UTC)
 * Obviously, I think they rather do. They are all used in the context of Anarchist/Socialist theory, and are contrasting specific subtypes of that ideology. The last reference, the one you quote, is also contrasting socialist libertarians against right-libertarians. The preceding sentence reads "Socialist libertarianism sounds like anarchy, and for good reason; in fact anarchists began using the term libertarian in the mid-1800s, far before the right-wing usage in the United States that began in the 1950s." Maybe that would have been a better quote? But it explicitly draws out socialism, anarchism, and libertarianism as different strands of the same basic ideology. The 2009 quote also explicitly contrasts socialist libertarianism against authoritarian socialism, which contrast Seth seemed to have such difficulty with in the conversation above. --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 20:08, 12 October 2014 (UTC)
 * Also: "how do you infer that "anarchism" and "socialist libertarians" are terms intended to mean the same in the sentence?"
 * Semantics. If they were different movements, it would say that "... anarchism and socialist libertarians have rich histories ...". As it gives the two terms a singular history of revolutionary thinkers, it follows that they are different aspects of the same thing, QED. --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 21:52, 12 October 2014 (UTC)
 * What about this: "The Asian civilizations of India, China, Korea, and Japan each have a rich history of design development extending back for thousands of years", boldface mine. Looks like a refutation of your argument to me. To find more sentences like that, check . --Dan Polansky (talk) 19:25, 17 October 2014 (UTC)
 * You yourself bolded the difference. Each: "The phrase beginning with each identifies a set of items wherein the words following each identify the individual elements by their shared characteristics. The phrase is grammatically singular in number, so if the phrase is the subject of a sentence, its verb is conjugated into a third-person singular form."
 * With the "each" the singular subject "a rich history" applies to each individual civilisation of India, China, Korea and Japan. Without it, "The Asian civilizations of India, China, Korea, and Japan have a rich history" implies a singular shared history between them as a group. --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 22:44, 17 October 2014 (UTC)
 * You must be kidding me by now. There is "Shreveport and Bossier City have a rich history [...]"; find other quotations at . Your argument, which by the way was syntactic rather than semantic, is flawed. In general, a phrase of the form "X and Y have a rich history" does not suggest X and Y to be synonyms. As for "have rich histories", few people write that even when the subject is plural: . When the subject is singular, it is, with "has" rather than "have". --Dan Polansky (talk) 06:33, 18 October 2014 (UTC)
 * Oh for Deity's sake: the references are giving the history of anarchists and socialists and calling them libertarians, and somehow you can't extract any meaning from that? Do you think that someone is talking about A and B having a history of C because there isn't a semantic connection between them? If that is the case, please describe the sort of source and/or wording which could possibly convince you.
 * Moreover, that more people fail to observe the singular verb with multiple subjects and 'each' doesn't stop it working in that way. Arguably the bit about verb conjugation in the Usage Notes of "each" is not accurate, certainly not for "has". I still maintain that "A and B have a rich history" implies a shared history between them; where the technically correct "A and B each has a rich history" and the more common in use "A and B each have a rich history" both imply separate and distinct histories. --Catsidhe (verba, facta) 12:37, 18 October 2014 (UTC)

 * I've revised the definition a bit — I think emphasizing "anarchist" at the beginning was a bit inartful, unnecessarily confusing for peopel who, like WikiWinters, find "libertarian" and "anarchist" contradictory. However, the definition is well cited by the citations in the entry and provided above, which clearly refer to left-libertarianism. I'd say this passes. - -sche (discuss) 09:14, 18 July 2015 (UTC)

3. (chiefly US) A member of a political party that emphasizes self-government in economic and personal issues.
Small-L libertarian always pertains to political philosophy and big-L Libertarian always pertains to a political party in the same way that small-D democrat and small-S socialist always pertain to political philosophy and big-D Democrat and big-S Socialist always pertain to a political parties. We already have a page for big-L Libertarian and we already have a see also to that effect at the top of the page. Thus, I am removing this definition from the list. allixpeeke (talk) 21:53, 5 August 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:libertarian


text:
rotten borough

Etymology

From, because such boroughs were regarded as having “decayed” due to their voters moving away to other places.

Noun

 * 1)  A parliamentary borough that was represented in Parliament although the number of voters had diminished so greatly that they were largely controlled by the main landowner; such boroughs were abolished in the 19th century.
 * 2)  A parliamentary constituency or electoral district in a similar situation.
 * 1)  A parliamentary constituency or electoral district in a similar situation.

Translations

 * Basque: burgu usteldu
 * Bulgarian: гнил район
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 腐敗選區
 * Finnish: lahonnut kauppala
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Hebrew: מחוז רקוב ומחוז כיס
 * Italian: borgo putrido
 * Japanese: 腐敗選挙区
 * Macedonian: гнил ре́он
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: råtten valgkrets, lommevalgkrets
 * Polish: zgniłe miasteczko
 * Russian: гнило́е месте́чко
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Roman:
 * Spanish: burgo podrido
 * Ukrainian:

title: rotten borough


text:
traductor

Etymology
From, from , from +.

Noun

 * 1)  translator.
 * 2) Anything that translates information from one format into a different format.
 * 3)  A long arm that is used to suspend a bag to be dropped onto a passing train and which retracts automatically be means of a spring when the bag is dropped.
 * 1) Anything that translates information from one format into a different format.
 * 2)  A long arm that is used to suspend a bag to be dropped onto a passing train and which retracts automatically be means of a spring when the bag is dropped.
 * 1) Anything that translates information from one format into a different format.
 * 2)  A long arm that is used to suspend a bag to be dropped onto a passing train and which retracts automatically be means of a spring when the bag is dropped.
 * 1)  A long arm that is used to suspend a bag to be dropped onto a passing train and which retracts automatically be means of a spring when the bag is dropped.
 * 1)  A long arm that is used to suspend a bag to be dropped onto a passing train and which retracts automatically be means of a spring when the bag is dropped.
 * 1)  A long arm that is used to suspend a bag to be dropped onto a passing train and which retracts automatically be means of a spring when the bag is dropped.

Noun

 * 1) translator

Etymology
From, in turn from +.

Noun

 * 1) One who transfers or carries over, conveyer.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) transmitter
 * 2) transductor

Etymology
From, with the sense from trādūcō’s post-classical sense 'I translate' (retained in Spanish and other Romance cognates), which displaced the original Latin terms, such as  and.

Adjective

 * 1) translating, translator

Noun

 * 1) translator
 * 2)  translator

Noun

 * 1) translator

title: traductor


text:
designer

Noun

 * 1) A person who designs something, or who designs things as a profession.
 * 2) A plotter or schemer.
 * 3)  A software tool for designing things.

Translations

 * Albanian:, ,
 * Arabic: مُصَمِّم, مُصَمِّمَة
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: dizayner
 * Belarusian: дыза́йнер
 * Bulgarian: диза́йнер, диза́йнерка
 * Burmese: ဒီဇိုင်နာ
 * Catalan: dissenyador
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech: návrhář, návrhářka
 * Danish: designer
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: grafikisto, dezajnisto
 * Estonian: disainer
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French: ,
 * Georgian: დიზაინერი
 * German: ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Hebrew: מְעַצֵּב
 * Hindi: डिज़ाइनर
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, 設計士
 * Kazakh: дизайнер
 * Khmer: អ្នករចនា
 * Korean:
 * Kyrgyz: дизайнер, шөкөтчү
 * Lao: ຜູ້ອອກແບບ
 * Latvian: dizainers, dizainere
 * Lithuanian: dizaineris
 * Macedonian: дизајнер, дизајнерка
 * Maori: kaihoahoa
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Mongolian: ᠳᠢᠽᠠᠶᠢᠨᠧᠷ
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: designer
 * Persian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:, desenhadora, ,
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: диза̀јнер
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: návrhár, návrhárka, dizajnér, dizajnérka
 * Slovene: oblikovalec, oblikovalka
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tajik: дизайнер, дизайнгар, зебосоз
 * Tatar: дизайнер
 * Thai: ผู้ออกแบบ, นักออกแบบ
 * Turkish: ,
 * Turkmen: dizaýner
 * Ukrainian:
 * Urdu: ڈیزائنر, نقاش
 * Uyghur: لايىھىلىگۈچى
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese: nhà thiết kế
 * Welsh: dyluniwr, dyluniwres, dyluniwyr, dylunydd

Adjective

 * 1) Created by a designer, especially a fashion designer.
 * designer swimwear
 * a designer briefcase

Etymology
Borrowed from. Equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) designer

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) designer

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) designer

Etymology 2
From.

Verb

 * 1) to design

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  person who designs

Etymology
.

Etymology 2
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * a

title: designer


text:
User:JillianE

Jillian E.

Projects

 * food and cooking
 * adding where appropriate.

Tools

 * Wiktionary:Requested articles:English
 * Special:Wantedpages

 * : 'wikipedia has a article' template
 * : this links to the article oolong for the entry for noun:oolong tea
 * :request etymology
 * : request for Audio Pronunciation
 * :request for Pronunciation
 * Index to templates
 * User:Vildricianus/Templates
 * Inflection templates
 * Index to templates
 * User:Vildricianus/Templates
 * Inflection templates
 * Inflection templates

Sample form (simple version)
==English==  ===Noun===  bed
 * 1) A piece of furniture to sleep on.

TODO

 * words relating to FOOD and COOKING (feel free to ask me, the worst it'll do is make me hungry)
 * lady finger/ladyfinger SP?

Verb form
libelling

Verb Form?
Are we using verb form when creating an entry for a 3rd singular or participle? If we are is there an equivalent for a plural noun? Or do we just leave it as level 3 heading Noun? JillianE 04:00, 6 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Either "Noun form" or just combine the two under "Forms and inflections". Uncle G 12:13, 6 January 2006 (UTC)

Note
http://chemfinder.cambridgesoft.com/result.asp

Because I can never remember how to spell this: ganache

Notes: WT:WT

Noun form

 * 1) Plural of

title: User:JillianE


text:
browser

Noun

 * 1) A person or animal who browses.
 * 2) A person who examines goods for sale but purchases nothing.
 * 3)  A web browser.
 * 1)  A web browser.
 * 1)  A web browser.
 * 1)  A web browser.

Etymology
Borrowed from. .

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  A.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)   (software)

title: browser


text: portions

title: portions


text:
otic

Etymology
Mid 17th century borrowed from, from.

Adjective

 * 1)  Of, relating/pertaining to, or located near the ear.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ушен
 * Catalan: òtic
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Esperanto: orela
 * French:
 * Galician: ótico
 * Lithuanian: ausinis
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:

title: otic


text:
cross-dresser

Noun

 * 1) A person who wears clothing which society considers appropriate only for members of the opposite sex.

Usage notes

 * This term is used in casual registers; the Latinate is more formal, but is increasingly viewed as derogatory. Neither term should be confused with transgender or transsexual; see the usage notes at  for more.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: травестит
 * Classical Nahuatl: xochihua
 * Esperanto: transvestanto
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Macedonian: травести́т
 * Polish: transwestyta, transwestytka
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

title: cross-dresser


text:
tomboyish

Adjective

 * 1) Displaying behavior associated with a tomboy.

title: tomboyish


text:
User:Simonfairfax

See Wikipedia:User:Simonfairfax

title: User:Simonfairfax


text:
kiss of death

Etymology
Biblical: Judas betraying Jesus with a kiss.

Noun

 * 1) A kiss on the cheek that signifies the death of the receiver, as delivered by a mob boss or one with such influence.
 * 2)  Something that may seem good and favourable but that actually brings ruin to hopes, plans, etc.

title: kiss of death


text:
User talk:Simonfairfax

Note: This is the talk page for my wiktionary editing. For other talk, post to my general talk page. Thanks!

title: User talk:Simonfairfax


text:
A-frame

Noun

 * 1) An architectural structure, in the shape of an "A", having two straight sides meeting at the top.

title: A-frame


text:
chupapiedras

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) clingfish

title: chupapiedras


text:
comedian

Etymology
. From, from.

Noun
(feminine: comedienne)

 * 1) An entertainer who performs in a humorous manner, especially by telling jokes.
 * 2)  Any person who is humorous or amusing, either characteristically or on a particular occasion.
 * 3)  A person who performs in theatrical plays.
 * 4) * 1714,, The Wonder, London: E. Curll and A. Bettesworth, Preface,
 * I Don’t pretend to write a Preface, either to point out the Beauties, or to excuse the Errors, a judicious Reader may possibly discover in the following Scenes, but to give those excellent Comedians their Due, to whom, in some Measure the best Dramatick Writers are oblig’d.
 * 1)  A writer of comedies.
 * 2) * 1783,, Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres, London: Whitestone et al., Volume 3, Lecture47, p.377,
 * the Dramatic Author, in whom the French glory most, and whom they justly place at the head of all their Comedians, is, the famous.
 * 1) * 1714,, The Wonder, London: E. Curll and A. Bettesworth, Preface,
 * I Don’t pretend to write a Preface, either to point out the Beauties, or to excuse the Errors, a judicious Reader may possibly discover in the following Scenes, but to give those excellent Comedians their Due, to whom, in some Measure the best Dramatick Writers are oblig’d.
 * 1)  A writer of comedies.
 * 2) * 1783,, Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres, London: Whitestone et al., Volume 3, Lecture47, p.377,
 * the Dramatic Author, in whom the French glory most, and whom they justly place at the head of all their Comedians, is, the famous.
 * 1) * 1783,, Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres, London: Whitestone et al., Volume 3, Lecture47, p.377,
 * the Dramatic Author, in whom the French glory most, and whom they justly place at the head of all their Comedians, is, the famous.
 * 1) * 1783,, Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres, London: Whitestone et al., Volume 3, Lecture47, p.377,
 * the Dramatic Author, in whom the French glory most, and whom they justly place at the head of all their Comedians, is, the famous.

Hyponyms

 * , comedienne

Derived terms

 * prop comedian

Translations

 * Albanian: ,
 * Arabic: كُومِيدْيَان
 * Armenian:, , ,
 * Belarusian: гумары́ст, ко́мік, камедыя́нт
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan: comediant,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 喜劇演員
 * Czech: ,
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: komikisto
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Georgian: კომიკოსი, იუმორისტი
 * German:, , , ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Irish: aisteoir coiméide
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese: コメディアン
 * Korean:, ,
 * Latvian: komiķis, komiķe, humorists, humoriste
 * Malay:
 * Maori: kaiwhakakata, kiri hangareka
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: komiker
 * Nynorsk: komikar
 * Occitan:
 * Pashto:
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish: humorista,, , standupero, cuentachistes
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog: komedyante
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: гумори́ст,, комедіа́нт
 * Vietnamese: diễn viên hài, nghệ sĩ hài
 * Welsh: comedïwr, comedïwyr

Etymology
..

title: comedian


text:
coctus

Etymology
Perfect passive participle of.

Participle

 * 1) cooked, having been cooked.
 * 2) ripened, having been ripened.

Descendants

 * Balkan Romance:
 * Italo-Romance:
 * Padanian:
 * Northern Gallo-Romance:
 * Southern Gallo-Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance
 * Insular Romance:
 * Northern Gallo-Romance:
 * Southern Gallo-Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance
 * Insular Romance:
 * Southern Gallo-Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance
 * Insular Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance
 * Insular Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance
 * Insular Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Insular Romance:

title: coctus


text:
euryhaline

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Able to tolerate various saltwater concentrations.

Translations

 * Finnish: euryhaliininen
 * Galician:
 * German:

title: euryhaline


text:
eucaine

Etymology

 * comparable to.

Noun

 * 1)  A derivative of cocaine used as a local anesthetic in veterinary medicine.

title: eucaine


text:
evaporable

Adjective

 * 1) capable of evaporation

title: evaporable


text:
polymorphism

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) The ability to assume different forms or shapes.
 * 2)  The coexistence, in the same locality, of two or more distinct forms independent of sex, not connected by intermediate gradations, but produced from common parents.
 * 3)  The feature pertaining to the dynamic treatment of data elements based on their type, allowing for an instance of a method to have several definitions.
 * 4)  The property of certain typed formal systems of allowing for the use of type variables and binders/quantifiers over those type variables; likewise, the property of certain expressions (within such typed formal systems) of making use of at least one such typed variable.
 * 5)  The ability of a solid material to exist in more than one form or crystal structure; pleomorphism.
 * 6)  The regular existence of two or more different genotypes within a given species or population; also, variability of amino acid sequences within a gene's protein.

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Czech: polymorfizmus
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, muunneltavuus
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Icelandic: fjölbrigðni, fjölbreytni, fjölmótun
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 多形, 多態
 * Kazakh: көп пішінділік
 * Manx: yl-chrooaght
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:, višeobličje
 * Slovene: polimorfizem
 * Spanish: polimorfismo
 * Swedish: polymorfism
 * Turkish:, polymorfizm

 * Czech: mnohotvarost
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, polymorfismi
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Icelandic: fjölbrigðni, fjölbreytni
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 多形性
 * Kazakh: көппiшiндiлiк
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Slovene: polimorfizem
 * Swedish: polymorfism

 * Armenian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 多态性
 * Czech: polymorfismus, polymorfizmus
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: polymorfismi,
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: fjölbrigðni, fjölbreytni, fjölmótun
 * Irish: polamorfacht
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 多態性, 多相性
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Serbo-Croatian:, višeobličje
 * Swedish: polymorfism
 * Turkish:, polymorfizm

 * Catalan:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: polymorfia, polymorfismi
 * French:
 * Greek:
 * Icelandic: fjölbrigðni, fjölbreytni
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 多形, 同質異像
 * Kazakh: полиморфизм
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Serbo-Croatian:

 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 多態性
 * Finnish:, polymorfismi
 * French:
 * German:, Vielgestaltigkeit
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Spanish: polimorfismo
 * Turkish:, polimorfizm

 * Esperanto:
 * German: ,
 * Ido:
 * Interlingua:
 * Irish:
 * Latin:
 * Latvian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Spanish:

title: polymorphism


text:
litro

Etymology
of. is pronounced (in British English) with a reduced or completely absent ⟨e⟩, which may explain the of the ⟨e⟩ in this term.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) litre; liter

Noun

 * 1) litre; liter

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) litre; liter

Noun

 * 1) litre; liter

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) litre; liter

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) litre; liter

Descendants

 * Kadiwéu:

Etymology
, from, from. .

Noun

 * 1)  litre; liter

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  litre; liter
 * 2) measuring container for one liter

title: litro


text:
rim-job

Noun

 * 1)  The sexual act of rimming; anilingus.

Translations

 * Spanish:

title: rim-job


text:
moudre

Etymology
,, inherited from. The original form of the infinitive was, where -d- was inserted as a gliding sound. The d-spellings in the present tense are merely analogical (compare similarly ).

Verb

 * 1) to grind

Etymology
From, , from.

Verb

 * 1)  to grind

Etymology
From, from , present active infinitive of.

Verb

 * 1) to grind (crush by grinding)

title: moudre


text:
aftertaste

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) A taste of something that persists when it is no longer present.
 * 2) The persistence of the taste of something no longer present.
 * Many people think certain artificial sweeteners have an unpleasant aftertaste.
 * 1) (of wine) finish.

Translations

 * Belarusian: послевку́сіе
 * Bulgarian: послевку́с
 * Catalan:, regust
 * Chinese:
 * Hokkien:, 回味
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech: dochuť
 * Danish: eftersmag
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: daŭragusto, postgusto
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: 뒷맛, 여운((餘韻)
 * Manx: aavlass
 * Maori: tāwara mauroa
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: ettersmak
 * Nynorsk: ettersmak
 * Plautdietsch: Bieschmak
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: ath-bhlas
 * Slovene: priokus
 * Spanish: regusto,
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: pangimaiyo
 * Ukrainian: по́смак, післясма́к
 * Vietnamese: dư vị (餘味)

 * Greek:

title: aftertaste


text:
meteoritics

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  The science that deals with meteors, meteorites, and meteoroids.

Translations

 * Polish:

title: meteoritics


text:
Talk:meteoritics

Wikipedia Edit History
This page was Transwikied from Wikipedia. Below is the edit history for the Wikipedia article.
 * Time: 2005-06-26T23:51:51Z - By: w:User:Sasquatch107200 - Comment: move to wiktionary

title: Talk:meteoritics


text:
王八蛋

Etymology
Originally.

Noun

 * 1)  son-of-a-bitch; bastard

title: 王八蛋


text:
Talk:王八蛋

Wikipedia Edit History
This page was Transwikied from Wikipedia. Below is the edit history for the Wikipedia article.
 * Time: 2005-06-26T17:59:52Z - By: w:User:Mcy jerry138975

Shanghainese "lecher"
, are you sure about this definition? It seems like 上海方言词典 is talking about the first definition (淫乱而出者 = someone born out of sexual promiscuity). — justin(r)leung { (t...) 22:02, 30 April 2020 (UTC)

 * Yes. I added this definition based on "淫乱而出者". I think 淫乱而出者 = lecher. --theDarkKnightLi 🙏 🔧 08:13, 1 May 2020 (UTC)

 * I don't think that's what that means. As I've noted above, 淫乱而出者 means "someone born out of sexual promiscuity", which clearly matches our first definition. — justin(r)leung { (t...) 08:16, 1 May 2020 (UTC)

 * You're right. I've changed 王八蛋 & Module:zh/data/dial-syn/色鬼. I apologize for being impetuous and making so many mistakes. I'll reflect on myself. --theDarkKnightLi 🙏 🔧 12:46, 1 May 2020 (UTC)

 * No, this is a really minor mistake. You've been doing great! Keep up the good work! — justin(r)leung { (t...) 23:13, 1 May 2020 (UTC)

 * Ah, thank you very much for accepting me! Regards, theDarkKnightLi 🙏 🔧 23:40, 1 May 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:王八蛋


text: User:Jnothman

title: User:Jnothman


text:
麻雀

Noun

 * 1) sparrow (any member of the Passer genus)
 * 2) tree sparrow
 * 3)  mahjong
 * 4)  penis

Usage notes
麻雀 was the original name of the game of mahjong, and this term is retained in many southern dialects. However, the name in modern standard Mandarin is.

Synonyms

Descendants
Others:

Etymology
First attested around the late.

Borrowed from.

The kanji form is an, the original name for the game that is retained in some southern Chinese dialects.

Noun

 * 1) mahjong

Usage notes
Usually refers exclusively to the Japanese variation, also known as. See.

title: 麻雀


text:
distro

Etymology 1
Shortened form of,.

Noun

 * 1)  A set of software components, often open source, that have been packaged into a larger product or component for distribution to end-users.
 * 2)  The propagation of warez by distributing it to various sites.

Etymology 2
Shortened form of,.

Noun

 * 1)  A mid-level drug dealer; A distributor.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 发行版
 * Dutch: distro
 * Finnish:, jakelupaketti, distro
 * French:, ,
 * Marathi: डिस्ट्रो
 * Persian:
 * Turkish:

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) distro, especially an open-source distribution, often of Linux

title: distro


text:
falsificationism

Noun

 * 1)  A scientific philosophy based on the requirement that hypotheses must be falsifiable in order to be scientific; if a claim is not able to be refuted it is not a scientific claim.

Translations

 * Dutch: falsificationisme
 * French:
 * Turkish: yanlışlamacılık

title: falsificationism


text:
ℵ

Etymology
Introduced by Georg Cantor, based on the letter, initial letter of אינסוף (infinity).

Symbol

 * 1)  Symbol for the transfinite enumeration of the infinite cardinal numbers in order of magnitude, a function mapping ordinal numbers to infinite cardinals.

Usage notes
Unicode has two code points for the Hebrew letter aleph. For normal Hebrew text, U+05D0 should be used. U+2135 should be used for the mathematical symbol in Latin-script text because it will share the left-to-right direction of that text.

title: ℵ


text:
naive falsificationism

Noun

 * 1) An invalid scientific philosophy in which any single instance of refuting data is enough to falsify the entire claim.
 * Under naive falsificationism, the birth control pill would be considered as ineffective since there are instances (3 in 1000) in which it does not work.

title: naive falsificationism


text:
重大

Adjective

 * 1) important; significant; great; major
 * 2) serious; grave; heavy
 * 3)  large and heavy
 * 1) serious; grave; heavy
 * 2)  large and heavy
 * 1) serious; grave; heavy
 * 2)  large and heavy
 * 1)  large and heavy
 * 1)  large and heavy

Synonyms

Adjective

 * 1) important, significant
 * 2) grave, solemn

Noun

 * 1) importance, significance, seriousness, gravity

title: 重大


text:
重地

Noun

 * 1) important place
 * 2) valuable land

title: 重地


text:
重水

Noun

 * 1) heavy water

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) heavy water

title: 重水


text:
sophisticated falsificationism

Noun

 * 1) A form of falsificationism in which claims are evaluated statistically, as opposed to naive falsificationism, which takes an absolutist perspective.
 * The birth control pill, under sophisticated falsificationism, is considered extremely effective since the statistics show only a 0.3% failure rate.

title: sophisticated falsificationism


text:
patrol

Etymology 1
From, from , , from , , , from , , from , from , from , , possibly from , , a variant of , ; see. Cognate with 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Related to,.

Noun

 * 1)  A going of the rounds along the chain of sentinels and between the posts, by a guard, usually consisting of three or four men, to insure greater security from attacks on the outposts.
 * 2)  A movement, by a small body of troops beyond the line of outposts, to explore the country and gain intelligence of the enemy's whereabouts.
 * 3)  The guards who go the rounds for observation; a detachment whose duty it is to patrol.
 * 4)  The largest division of officers within a police department or sheriff's office, whose assignment is to patrol and respond to calls for service.
 * 5) Any perambulation of a particular line or district to guard it; also, the people thus guarding.
 * 6) * 1787-1788,,
 * In France there is an army of patrols to secure her fiscal regulations.
 * 1)  A unit of a troop, usually defined by certain ranks or age groups within the troop, and ideally comprised of six to eight members.
 * 1) * 1787-1788,,
 * In France there is an army of patrols to secure her fiscal regulations.
 * 1)  A unit of a troop, usually defined by certain ranks or age groups within the troop, and ideally comprised of six to eight members.
 * In France there is an army of patrols to secure her fiscal regulations.
 * 1)  A unit of a troop, usually defined by certain ranks or age groups within the troop, and ideally comprised of six to eight members.
 * 1)  A unit of a troop, usually defined by certain ranks or age groups within the troop, and ideally comprised of six to eight members.

Translations

 * Arabic: دَوْرِيَّة
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: patrulje
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: patrulla,
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: περίπολος
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian:, , ,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Latin: circuitus
 * Maori: tiakanga, haerenga tiakanga
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, patrulhamento
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Vietnamese: việc tuần tra

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: دَوْرِيَّة
 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian: дозор
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:
 * Georgian:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Slovak:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:

 * Arabic: دَوْرِيَّة
 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:,  巡邏隊長
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French:
 * Galician: patrulla
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: περίπολος
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:, ,
 * Japanese: 警邏隊
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Vietnamese: đội tuần tra

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese: 警邏隊
 * Latin: circuitus
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,

 * German:
 * Hebrew:
 * Swedish:
 * Volapük:

Etymology 2
From, from , from.

Verb

 * 1)  To go the rounds along a chain of sentinels; to traverse a police district or beat.
 * 2)  To go the rounds of, as a sentry, guard, or policeman
 * 3) * April 8 1997,, Proclamation 6983
 * Whether attempting to keep the peace in Bosnia, evacuating American citizens from Albania, or patrolling the world's seas and skies, our service men and women risk capture by unfriendly foreign forces.
 * 1) * April 8 1997,, Proclamation 6983
 * Whether attempting to keep the peace in Bosnia, evacuating American citizens from Albania, or patrolling the world's seas and skies, our service men and women risk capture by unfriendly foreign forces.
 * Whether attempting to keep the peace in Bosnia, evacuating American citizens from Albania, or patrolling the world's seas and skies, our service men and women risk capture by unfriendly foreign forces.

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish: partioida
 * Galician: ,
 * Georgian:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: περιοδεύω
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:, , , ,
 * Japanese:
 * Latin: fraxō
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

 * Bulgarian: патрулирам
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: partioida
 * French:
 * Galician: ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: περιοδεύω
 * Hungarian:
 * Japanese:
 * Latin: fraxō
 * Maori: āmikumiku, tautiaki
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:, hacer la ronda
 * Vietnamese: đi tuần, đi tuần tra

 * Italian:

Etymology
, from, from.

title: patrol


text:
sogno

Etymology 1
From, derived from , from , ultimately from the.

Noun

 * 1) dream
 * 2)  castle in the air, daydream, pipe dream
 * 3)  hope, wish
 * 4)  that which is marvelous, wonderful
 * 1)  hope, wish
 * 2)  that which is marvelous, wonderful
 * 1)  that which is marvelous, wonderful
 * 1)  that which is marvelous, wonderful

title: sogno


text:
sognare

Etymology
From. .

Verb

 * 1)  to dream (of)
 * 2)  to stargaze

title: sognare


text: sogna

title: sogna


text: sognammo

title: sognammo


text:
full and by

Adverb

 * 1)  Keeping the sails full and steering by the wind.
 * We sailed full and by for quite a while before getting down to serious navigation.

title: full and by


text:
Talk:rote

A semihomonyn is a word that is a less than perfect homonyn, but has some overlap in meaning.

For example, Rote, Rut and Route.

A Rut might be a Route leaned by Rote.

The words Rut, Route and Rote seem to share a common Root.

The words Rut, Route, Rote and Root seem to share a common Root.

User:TableTop 28 June 2005 06:29 (UTC)

English sense to add
To add: "barbarian" string instrument. 24.29.228.33 04:15, 31 March 2009 (UTC)

RFD discussion: March 2019–April 2020
Sense: "The process of learning or committing something to memory through mechanical repetition, usually by hearing and repeating aloud, often without full attention to comprehension or thought for the meaning."

But one can also perform, speak, play by rote.

Aren't both the learning and the performing covered by the other definition: "Mechanical routine; a fixed, habitual, repetitive, or mechanical course of procedure."? Usage examples seem better for conveying the collocations with the verbs learn, play, perform, speak.

What gives me pause is the abundant attestation for what seems to me is a pleonasm: rote repetition. DCDuring (talk) 17:32, 10 March 2019 (UTC)

 * It seems to me that fundamentally there is only one meaning, and that the current first sense is a special case of the second "mechanical routine" sense. I wouldn't remove the information about committing to memory completely, though, as it is probably the most common use, but I would be inclined to present it as an "especially" sub-case of the general sense. Mihia (talk) 21:05, 10 March 2019 (UTC)
 * By the way, we may also want to look at whether the purported adjective sense of "rote" is a true adjective. Mihia (talk) 21:18, 10 March 2019 (UTC)
 * Most dictionaries give the word in this sense only as a noun, but M-W sees it also as an adjective. A phrase like “her knowledge was not rote” strikes me as weird but is found e.g. here. --Lambiam 09:27, 11 March 2019 (UTC)
 * The OED has it as an adjective:- "Occurring in a mechanical and repetitious manner; routine." with a few examples given. SemperBlotto (talk) 09:31, 11 March 2019 (UTC)
 * Merged. - TheDaveRoss  13:46, 17 April 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:rote


text:
polysyllabic

Adjective

 * 1)  Having more than one syllable; having multiple or many syllables.
 * "Antidisestablishmentarianism" definitely qualifies as a polysyllabic word.
 * 1)  Characterized by or consisting of words having numerous syllables.
 * I have a particularly off-putting predilection for the utilization of ponderously polysyllabic linguistic constructions.

Usage notes
Authoritative sources disagree concerning the precise number of syllables needed for a word to count as polysyllabic. The references cited below variously stipulate anywhere from more than one syllable to four or more. In general usage, a polysyllabic word is a word which is regarded as lengthy and polysyllabic writing or speech is often regarded as elaborate, overly lengthy, or excessively complex.

Translations

 * Belarusian: шматскладо́вы
 * Bulgarian: многосри́чен
 * Catalan:, polisil·làbic
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 多音節
 * Czech: mnohoslabičný,
 * Dutch: meerlettergrepig
 * Faroese: við fleiri stavilsum
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: vielsilbig,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian: több szótagú/szótagos
 * Irish: ilsiollach
 * Italian: plurisillabo, polisillabico, polisillabo
 * Japanese: 多音節
 * Korean: 다음절
 * Macedonian: повеќесложен
 * Manx: yl-heelagh
 * Polish: wielosylabowy
 * Portuguese: polissilábico,
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: ioma-lideach
 * Slovak: viacslabičný
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian:
 * Vietnamese: đa âm tiết, nhiều âm tiết

Noun

 * 1) A word having more than one syllable

title: polysyllabic


text:
roda

Etymology 1
, from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) wheel
 * 2) cartwheel

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) wheel
 * 2)  stem
 * 3) fish cut
 * 4) ring, circle
 * 5) hillfort or ringfort
 * 1) hillfort or ringfort

Etymology
From, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  a circular device facilitating movement or transportation

Noun

 * 1) nature

Etymology
, from, from.

Pronunciation

 * Note: The ending ⟨a⟩ in this word is not pronounced as [ə] in Johor-Riau Malay unlike with many other words ending in ⟨a⟩ in this dialect.
 * Note: The ending ⟨a⟩ in this word is not pronounced as [ə] in Johor-Riau Malay unlike with many other words ending in ⟨a⟩ in this dialect.

Noun

 * 1) wheel a circular device facilitating movement or transportation

Etymology 1
From. This verb uses split infinitive.

Verb

 * 1)  to shine reddish, to be red
 * 2)  to make red
 * 3)  to glaze baked goods (with raw egg yolk or milk or similar) before putting into oven

Noun

Pronunciation

Etymology 1
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) wheel
 * 2) cartwheel (a gymnastic maneuver)
 * 3)  foundling wheel

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  wheel

Etymology 1
Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬, either from a root or more likely a common Mediterranean  source.

Noun

 * 1) stork

Noun

 * 1)  cutwater, stem

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  winch

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) wheel
 * 2) tyre

title: roda


text:
frontal bone

Noun

 * 1)  The bone which forms the front part of the skull and the upper part of the eye sockets and nasal cavity.
 * 2)  Either of the pair of bones from which the frontal bone is formed by fusion in infancy.
 * 1)  Either of the pair of bones from which the frontal bone is formed by fusion in infancy.

Translations

 * Catalan: os frontal,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: čelní kost
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Korean:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Slovak:
 * Spanish: hueso frontal,
 * Tagalog: butong-noo

title: frontal bone


text:
parietal bone

Etymology
From, from + bone.

Noun

 * 1)  Either of two bones that together form the sides and top of the skull.

Translations

 * Catalan: os parietal, parietal
 * Czech: temenní kost
 * Estonian: kiiruluu
 * Finnish:
 * German: Scheitelbein
 * Hungarian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:

title: parietal bone


text:
temporal bone

Noun

 * 1) Either of two compound bones that collectively make up the sides and base of the skull.

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Czech: spánková kost
 * Esperanto: tempiosto, temporalo
 * Estonian: oimuluu
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: Schläfenbein
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Ingrian: kuveluu
 * Italian: osso temporale
 * Japanese: 側頭骨, 顳顬骨
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: hestiyê cênikê
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish: hueso temporal,

title: temporal bone


text:
bucket bong

Noun

 * 1) A type of bong for smoking marijuana, usually consisting of a bucket or similar device for holding water, a large bottle with its bottom cut off, and a socket for holding the marijuana in the cap.

title: bucket bong


text:
conepiece

Noun

 * 1) An implement used for holding marijuana while it is smoked, used in conjunction with a pipe or bong.

title: conepiece


text:
рода

Noun

 * 1)  kin; relatives; family

Noun

 * 1) stork

title: рода


text:
occipital bone

Etymology
From the Latin word occiput, from the words ob, meaning behind, and caput, meaning head.

Noun

 * 1) The bone at the back of the skull.

Translations

 * Czech: týlní kost
 * Estonian: kuklaluu
 * Finnish:
 * German: Hinterhauptbein, Hinterhauptsbein
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἰνίον
 * Hungarian:
 * Korean:
 * Polish:
 * Turkish: oksipital kemik

title: occipital bone


text:
shot-glass

Noun

 * 1) A vessel of about 30ml volume, used for the measurement of spirituous liquors.

title: shot-glass


text:
sphenoid bone

Noun

 * 1) A compound bone at the base of the skull behind the eyes.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: клиновидна кост
 * Catalan: os esfenoide
 * Czech: klínová kost
 * Esperanto: sfenoido
 * Estonian: kiilluu
 * Finnish:
 * Galician:
 * German: Keilbein
 * Hebrew: עצם היתד
 * Hungarian:
 * Japanese: 蝶形骨
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: hestiyê cênîkê
 * Polish: kość klinowa
 * Portuguese: esfenoide
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish: esfenoide
 * Swedish: kilben

title: sphenoid bone


text:
штрк

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) stork

Noun

 * 1)  stork
 * 2) an insect of the families, especially subfamily , a parasite in the body of a mammal; gadfly, botfly, warble fly
 * 1) an insect of the families, especially subfamily , a parasite in the body of a mammal; gadfly, botfly, warble fly

title: штрк


text:
aptonym

Etymology
From, on the model of other terms suffixed with -onym.

Noun

 * 1) A proper name that aptly describes the occupation or character of the person, especially by coincidence.

Synonyms

 * ,, attributive name, characterizing name, character-revealing name, charactonym, characternym, label name, ticket name, type name

title: aptonym


text:
ethmoid bone

Noun

 * 1) The bone of the skull between the eyes and at the roof of the nose.

Translations

 * Catalan: os etmoide,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: čichová kost
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: etmoido
 * Estonian: sõelluu
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: Siebbein
 * Hungarian: rostacsont
 * Italian: osso etmoide
 * Japanese:
 * Malay: tulang etmoid
 * Ottoman Turkish: مصفات
 * Portuguese: etmoide
 * Russian: решётчатая кость
 * Spanish: etmoide
 * Tagalog: butumbithay

title: ethmoid bone


text:
soar

Etymology
From, from , from , from + , from. Compare, and.

Verb

 * 1)  To fly high with little effort, like a bird.
 * 2) To mount upward on wings, or as on wings, especially by gliding while employing rising air currents.
 * 3) To remain aloft by means of a glider or other unpowered aircraft.
 * 4) To rise, especially rapidly or unusually high.
 * 5)  To rise in thought, spirits, or imagination; to be exalted in mood.
 * 1)  To rise in thought, spirits, or imagination; to be exalted in mood.
 * 1)  To rise in thought, spirits, or imagination; to be exalted in mood.
 * 1)  To rise in thought, spirits, or imagination; to be exalted in mood.

Derived terms

 * self-soar

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bulgarian: рея се
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Hebrew:
 * Indonesian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Maori: tauihi
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Polish:, poszybować
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Tocharian B: plu-
 * Turkish:
 * Zazaki: sanayeyen

 * Bulgarian: издигам се
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Galician: ,
 * German:
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: بڵندبوون
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Polish: ,
 * Russian:, ; ,
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:
 * Zazaki: perzane kerden

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: glide,, glidefly
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Spanish: planar
 * Turkish:
 * Zazaki: perayen

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Finnish: ampaista ylös,
 * French: grimper en flèche,, ,
 * Galician: empolingarse,, sobir, derguer
 * German:, , hochragen
 * Indonesian:
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Polish: ,
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Swedish:, skjuta i höjden
 * Turkish:, tüngümek
 * Zazaki: punen, berziyen

 * Finnish:, , ,
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Turkish:, , tüngümek
 * Zazaki: resten, berziyen

Noun

 * 1) The act of soaring.
 * 2) * c. 1810-1820,, Notes on Jeremy Taylor
 * this apparent soar of the hooded falcon
 * 1) An upward flight.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Portuguese: pairada
 * Russian: ,

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Polish:
 * Russian: ,

Etymology 1
From, from , present active infinitive of.

Verb

 * 1) to sound, to ring
 * 2) to be heard
 * 3) to ring a bell
 * 1) to ring a bell
 * 1) to ring a bell

Noun

 * 1) sound

Etymology 2
Attested since the 13th century. From proto-Galician *solar, from. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) building land, plot, site

Noun

 * 1) smell

Verb

 * 1) to smell

Etymology
From, from.

Verb

 * 1) make a sound
 * 2) to look; to seem; to appear
 * 1) to look; to seem; to appear
 * 1) to look; to seem; to appear

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) evening

title: soar


text:
štrk

Noun

 * 1)  stork
 * 2) an insect of the families, , or , a parasite in the body of a mammal; gadfly, botfly, warble fly
 * 1) an insect of the families, , or , a parasite in the body of a mammal; gadfly, botfly, warble fly

Noun

 * 1) grit
 * 2) gravel

title: štrk


text:
zygomatic bone

Noun

 * 1) The cheekbone.

title: zygomatic bone


text:
cheekbone

Etymology
From, , from ; equivalent to. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) The small prominent bone of the cheek.

Translations

 * Arabic: وَجْنَة, عَظْم وَجْنِيّ
 * Egyptian Arabic: كرسي الخد
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bulgarian: скула
 * Catalan:, zigoma
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Chuvash: пит шӑмми
 * Czech: lícní kost
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: vangosto, zigomo
 * Estonian: sarnaluu
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German:, ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Ido:
 * Ingrian: poskipää
 * Italian:, osso zigomatico, , osso malare
 * Japanese:
 * Kalmyk: шана
 * Korean:
 * Latin:
 * Latvian: vaiga kauls
 * Malay: tulang pipi,, tulang bercagak, zigoma
 * Maori: rei
 * Nogai: бет суьеги
 * Persian:
 * Polish: kość policzkowa
 * Portuguese:, zigomático, maçã do rosto
 * Russian:
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish: okben,, kindknota
 * Tagalog: buto ng pisngi, butumpisngi
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:
 * Uyghur: ياڭاق, زاڭاق, زاڭاق
 * Uyghur: ياڭاق
 * West Frisian: jokbonke, wangbonke

title: cheekbone


text:
zygoma

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1)  The cheekbone.

title: zygoma


text: appal

title: appal


text:
malar bone

Noun

 * 1) The cheekbone.

title: malar bone


text:
ruski

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Ruthenian
 * 2)  Russki, Russian

Noun

 * 1) Ruthenian
 * 2)  Russian

Adjective

 * 1) Russian
 * 2)  the Russian language
 * Hoću znati kako se kaže na ruskom ova riječ.
 * Hoću da znam kako se kaže na ruskom ova reč.
 * I want to know how this word is said in Russian.

Adverb

 * 1) (in) Russian

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Russian (of the nation, its language, or its culture)

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  Russian

title: ruski


text:
руски

Adjective

 * 1) Russian pertaining to Russia, the Russian people or the Russian language

Noun

 * 1)  Russian language

Adverb

 * 1) in Russian

Adjective

 * 1) Russian

Adjective

 * 1) Russian
 * 2)  the Russian language

Adverb

 * 1) (in) Russian
 * не говорим руски
 * I don't speak Russian

title: руски


text:
Talk:peruse

I added the "perusal" noun bit.

Practically useless?
The third definition (to read casually; skim) is pretty common, but accepting it as a standard definition makes this word more or less worthless. It just becomes a synonym for "read". Beyond making this talk comment, I feel powerless to do anything about it :) So, please use this word to mean "use thoroughly" as a favor to me.  Silarius 17:58, 10 August 2006 (UTC)

The common meaning
The existing definition of this word and the comment above seem to reflect the etymological fallacy. The "examine with care" and "read carefully" definitions are archaic (in addition to being redundant). The fact that a definition is archaic does not make it right. The meaning that is now commonly used is the primary meaning; that's what "mean" means.

In addition, I find the uselessness argument quite bizarre. Why would a word that means "use thoroughly" be more inherently useful than one that means "examine casually"? Given that people do (currently) use it to mean the latter, and generally do not use it to mean the former, it appears that it is actually useful.

I believe that this entry should be updated to list the current usage (now definition #3) as the first usage, and to mark the other two as archaic. If there are no objections, I will make this edit.

Coruscater 23 April 2008

 * Allow me to explain Silarius's statement. A word that has two senses which are opposite to one another has lost its meaning. It's as if "black" also meant "white". The more close to opposite two senses are, the closer to meaningless the word becomes. Thus, if someone asks me "Have you perused the document?", I may immediately need to ask them: "Do you mean read thoroughly or just look over it?" I.e., the word has lost its power to convey meaning. In fact, it has become an impediment to communication.

 * To mention a similar example: that "it's" is commonly used for "its" does not make it correct. Why? Because once the issue is pointed out to the user, they will correct themselves.

Your explanation of Silarius's statement makes sense, but it could equally well be applied to the old, outdated sense of peruse; if people stopped using the old sense of peruse then it's current sense would be unambiguous. Furthermore, I don't see that having two senses which are opposite to one another is necessarily any worse than any other form of ambiguity. If someone asks me "Is Bob in a garage?", I may need to ask if they mean a place to store a vehicle or a place where vehicles are repaied. However, I probably won't because someone generally would not ask that question unless there was enough shared context and background knowledge to make it clear which sense is meant.

The "it's" / "its" distinction is quite different, because that issue is purely orthographic; it does not affect spoken language. It is much more reasonable, and much more feasible to standardize writing forms than to try to impose a standardization of the meaning of a word that is inconsistent with the actual meaning in common use.

Coruscater 2 May 2008

 * 67.169.127.166 07:40, 30 April 2008 (UTC)

Peruse does NOT mean skim
There is no sense in either the unabridged OED or the very recent "Oxford American Dictionary" that means "skim". In fact the "Oxford American Dictionary" specifically has a usage note that this is mistaken.

In my experience, the sense of skim is used by people who are working at the outer envelope of their personal lexicon, or are parroting the use of someone else who has just misused the word.

The perception that "skim" is a modern sense reflects that this mistake has become more common recently, not that the word has changed meaning.

67.169.127.166 06:56, 30 April 2008 (UTC)

 * It should be borne in mind that Wiktionary takes a somewhat different approach to lexicography than many other dictionaries. Specifically, we aim to describe how language is actually used, not how it "should" be used.  For some background on this linguistic philosophy, take a look at the Wikipedia article on Descriptive linguistics.  Peruse is very often used in the sense of skim (I have spent most of my life being only aware of this sense), and so it merits inclusion in our dictionary.  -Atelaes λάλει ἐμοί 07:01, 30 April 2008 (UTC)

 * This is the first time I have been in Wikitionary, so I am not familiar with the rules. Are you saying that a usage that is explicitly labeled as misuse in major dictionary published in 2001 is suitable for inclusion?

 * I understand the issue of descriptive linguistics very well; I often need to explain this very point to people. This is a different situation, more similar to using "it's" where "its" is appropriate. It doesn't make any difference how many people make the mistake, it is still a mistake -- and if alerted to the fact, the person who makes the mistake corrects it.

 * 67.169.127.166 07:08, 30 April 2008 (UTC)

 * We include a great many things that most other dictionaries don't. In short, if it is in common usage, it is generally allowed (although we have specific policies which determine how this plays out at WT:CFI). We do, however, sometimes mark senses or words to note that they are considered "incorrect" by certain "authorities." The sense is already marked as informal. I'm undecided as to whether it would be appropriate to strengthen that to nonstandard. In any case, the sense should certainly stay. -Atelaes λάλει ἐμοί 07:14, 30 April 2008 (UTC)

 * This attitude is strange. Whereas in Wikipedia, statements that have do not have sources can be removed, what you're saying is that Wiktionary is free to contradict published sources! And without support from other published sources! I.e., personal opinion rules?

 * On a slightly different matter, it is not appropriate to tag existing, correct usages as "dated". To do this, one would have to prove that the word sense is no longer being used, wouldn't one?
 * 67.169.127.166 07:20, 30 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Agree on the matter of "dated"; at least, these senses don't seem obviously dated to me, though I expect they are starting to fade.
 * Regarding sources, citations for senses on Wiktionary must be from actual use, not from secondary or tertiary authorities. If a distinct sense can be documented, appearing at least three times in durably-archived media, it belongs in Wiktionary whether it has been accepted by previous lexicographers, or not.  On the other hand, when authorities have proscribed a particular usage it is also incumbent upon us to note this.  I have tried to tidy the entry a bit, in line with these considerations; please feel free to expand the usage note.  No doubt there is more that can be said on this matter... Perhaps there are style guides which have weighed in on this question as well? -- Visviva 08:16, 30 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Nicely done Visviva. -Atelaes λάλει ἐμοί 14:48, 30 April 2008 (UTC)

 * I disagree about "dated" (obviously, since I added the tag in the first place). You absolutely do _not_ need evidence that the word is no longer used to apply this tag. The definition of dated at http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Obsolete_and_archaic_terms is "Still in use, but generally only by older people, and considered unfashionable or superseded, particularly by younger people."  This is precisely the state of the old sense of peruse.  Listing that sense as the first sense, especially without any cautions about the status of the sense, does a disservice to Wiktionary users that want to understand something that someone said or wrote, and to users who want to say or write something that other people will understand. Coruscater 2 May 2008

 * Well, if you can provide some evidence, feel free to add the information; but if it can't be verified in some form, it doesn't really belong here. I found a lot of modern uses of "peruse" that seemed to use this word in the "thorough reading" sense, such as, , and   These may all have been written by clueless old people or I may just have misconstrued them, but I'd say the burden of proof is on you. -- Visviva 01:49, 3 May 2008 (UTC)

 * I would argue that these texts support the idea that their authors were well aware that they were using a sense of the word that contradicted the sense that an average reader would typically expect. Otherwise, why would they explicitly modify "peruse" with "thoroughly"?  If that is really the most common sense of the word in current usage, wouldn't those authors be able to use the word "peruse" without modification to convey this meaning?  Coruscater 4 May 2008

 * That's an artifact of how I searched; in order to get this sense specifically, I searched for pages containing both "perusing" and "thoroughly", just as I searched for "peruse" and "quickly" or "briefly" to find examples for the "skim" sense. When this word occurs without such adverbs, it is often difficult to tell exactly what is meant (without A Lot of context).  For example, if someone writes "I perused the contract," that could mean "I read the contract thoroughly," "I quickly skimmed over the contract," or even "I examined the contract."  -- Visviva 01:24, 5 May 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:peruse


text:
perusal

Noun

 * 1) The act of perusing; studying something carefully.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:, huolellinen lukeminen
 * Greek: μελετώ προσεκτικά
 * Icelandic:
 * Latin: pellectiō
 * Russian:, , , , ,  ,  ,
 * Spanish:, lectura atenta, lectura cuidadosa

title: perusal


text:
perusing

Noun

 * 1) A process of studying something carefully.

title: perusing


text:
champers

Noun

 * 1)  Champagne (wine).

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) mashed potatoes

title: champers


text:
fleur-de-lis

Etymology
From earlier, from , from ; later remodelled after modern.

Noun

 * 1)  A design representing a flower whose three petals are joined together at the bottom, often used in heraldry, where it is particularly associated with the French monarchy.
 * 2)  The main element in the logo of most Scouting organizations, representing a major theme in Scouting: the outdoors and wilderness.
 * 1)  The main element in the logo of most Scouting organizations, representing a major theme in Scouting: the outdoors and wilderness.
 * 1)  The main element in the logo of most Scouting organizations, representing a major theme in Scouting: the outdoors and wilderness.
 * 1)  The main element in the logo of most Scouting organizations, representing a major theme in Scouting: the outdoors and wilderness.
 * 1)  The main element in the logo of most Scouting organizations, representing a major theme in Scouting: the outdoors and wilderness.
 * 1)  The main element in the logo of most Scouting organizations, representing a major theme in Scouting: the outdoors and wilderness.
 * 1)  The main element in the logo of most Scouting organizations, representing a major theme in Scouting: the outdoors and wilderness.
 * 1)  The main element in the logo of most Scouting organizations, representing a major theme in Scouting: the outdoors and wilderness.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: flor de lis
 * Czech:
 * Danish: lilje
 * Dutch: fleur-de-lys
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek: φλερ-ντε-λι
 * Hebrew:
 * Irish: flór de lúis
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: フルール・ド・リス
 * Middle English: flourdelis
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: fleur de lis
 * Russian:, флёр-де-лис
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: љиљан
 * Roman:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian:

 * Polish:

title: fleur-de-lis


text:
jednina

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  singular

title: jednina


text:
једнина

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  singular

title: једнина