text:
Appendix:Turkish suffixes

General suffixes

 * Plural: -l2r
 * Negative: -m2
 * , (see also § Verbal suffixes)
 * Predicative:
 * Present:
 * 1st person singular: -(y)4m
 * 2nd person singular: -s4n
 * 3rd person singular: -t/d4r
 * 1st person plural: -(y)4z
 * 2nd person plural: -s4n4z
 * 3rd person plural: -t/d4rl2r or l2r-d2r
 * Note that 3rd person form is frequently reduced to -l2r (ler/lar) and singular form is dropped. The -d4r suffix is more commonly used to indicate definiteness, possibility or assumption.
 * Past: -(y)t/d4
 * Inferential: -(y)m4ş
 * Conditional: -(y)s2
 * 3rd person plural: -t/d4rl2r or l2r-d2r
 * Note that 3rd person form is frequently reduced to -l2r (ler/lar) and singular form is dropped. The -d4r suffix is more commonly used to indicate definiteness, possibility or assumption.
 * Past: -(y)t/d4
 * Inferential: -(y)m4ş
 * Conditional: -(y)s2
 * Past: -(y)t/d4
 * Inferential: -(y)m4ş
 * Conditional: -(y)s2
 * Conditional: -(y)s2
 * Conditional: -(y)s2

Nominal suffixes
When preceding vowel-ending suffixes; the final consonants -ç, -k, -p, and -t are voiced to -c, -ğ, -b, and -d, but there are a few nouns which do not follow this voicing rule. Some nominals like elide their last vowel and change their stems before vowel-starting suffixes, like this: oğl- (This still follows the vowel harmony from the elided last vowel.)  A few nouns like  and  follow irregular front vowel harmony instead of last vowel. Some nominals like may double their final consonant. This depends on their etymology.

and are the only nominals taking -y- before all vowel-starting suffixes (suyun, suyu; not *sunun, *susu).

Case suffixes

 * Accusative: -(y)4
 * Dative: -(y)2
 * Locative: -t/d2
 * Ablative: -t/d2n
 * Genitive: -(n)4n
 * Instrumental: -(y)l2†
 * Ablative: -t/d2n
 * Genitive: -(n)4n
 * Instrumental: -(y)l2†
 * Instrumental: -(y)l2†
 * Instrumental: -(y)l2†

† Some have included the instrumental case, but traditionally is not considered a grammatical case due to its status as an enclitic. In templates like tr-infl-noun-c, the instrumental is not included.

Possessive suffixes
The plurals listed are technically compounds of 2 suffixes - the plural suffix followed by the regular possessive suffix.
 * 1st person singular: -(4)m
 * 1st person plural: -(4)m4z
 * 2nd person singular: -(4)n
 * 2nd person plural or formal: -(4)n4z
 * 3rd person singular: -(s)4
 * 3rd person plural:
 * 2nd person singular: -(4)n
 * 2nd person plural or formal: -(4)n4z
 * 3rd person singular: -(s)4
 * 3rd person plural:
 * 3rd person singular: -(s)4
 * 3rd person plural:
 * 3rd person singular: -(s)4
 * 3rd person plural:
 * 3rd person plural:
 * 3rd person plural:

Verbal suffixes
Like the above section, certain last consonants of the stem are voiced, but only for verbs and. In the future tense, -k- is voiced to -ğ- before vowel-starting endings (geleceğim, but geleceksin).
 * Infinitive: -m2k
 * Verbal noun: -m2
 * Potential: -(y)2bil
 * Impotential: -(y)2m2
 * Potential: -(y)2bil
 * Impotential: -(y)2m2
 * Impotential: -(y)2m2

Converbs

 * “ and then”: -(y)4p
 * “by ing” / “ingly”: -(y)2r2k
 * “as soon as ”: -(y)4nc2
 * “as soon as ”: -(y)4nc2
 * “as soon as ”: -(y)4nc2

Predicative
Used by remaining tenses other than past, conditional, optative, and imperative, negative, and impotential aorist.
 * 1st person singular: -(y)4m
 * 2nd person singular: -s4n
 * 3rd person singular: -∅
 * 1st person plural: -(y)4z
 * 2nd person plural: -s4n4z
 * 3rd person plural: -l2r
 * 2nd person plural: -s4n4z
 * 3rd person plural: -l2r
 * 3rd person plural: -l2r
 * 3rd person plural: -l2r

Negative and impotential aorist
Impotential aorist: -yemem, -yemezsin, ... (-ye- + negative aorist marker)
 * 1st person singular: -m2m
 * 2nd person singular: -m2zs4n
 * 3rd person singular: -m2z
 * 1st person plural: -m2y4z
 * 2nd person plural: -m2zs4n4z
 * 3rd person plural: -m2zl2r
 * 1st person plural: -m2y4z
 * 2nd person plural: -m2zs4n4z
 * 3rd person plural: -m2zl2r
 * 3rd person plural: -m2zl2r
 * 3rd person plural: -m2zl2r

Verbal
Used by past and conditional tenses.
 * 1st person singular: -m
 * 2nd person singular: -n
 * 3rd person singular: -∅
 * 1st person plural: -k
 * 2nd person singular: -n4z
 * 3rd person singular: -l2r
 * 2nd person singular: -n4z
 * 3rd person singular: -l2r
 * 3rd person singular: -l2r
 * 3rd person singular: -l2r

Optative

 * 1st person singular: -(y)2y4m
 * 2nd person singular: -(y)2s4n
 * 3rd person singular: -(y)2
 * 1st person plural: -(y)2l4m
 * 2nd person singular: -(y)2s4n4z
 * 3rd person singular: -(y)2l2r
 * 1st person plural: -(y)2l4m
 * 2nd person singular: -(y)2s4n4z
 * 3rd person singular: -(y)2l2r
 * 3rd person singular: -(y)2l2r
 * 3rd person singular: -(y)2l2r

Imperative
Missing forms were supplied by optative.
 * 2nd person singular: -∅
 * 3rd person singular: -s4n
 * 2nd person plural: -(y)4n
 * 2nd person formal: -(y)4n4z
 * 3rd person plural: -s4nl2r
 * 2nd person formal: -(y)4n4z
 * 3rd person plural: -s4nl2r
 * 3rd person plural: -s4nl2r

Tenses
In verbs and, stems changed from -e- to -i- before imperfective, future, optative, and imperative (diyor, diyecek). In verbs with vowel-ending stems, the last vowel is deleted in imperfective and replaced with vowel harmony from stem's second-to-last vowel. In aorist, the change from (4)r to (2)r is somewhat unpredictable, see also the usage notes at.
 * Aorist: -(2)r/(4)r
 * Negative aorist: -m2z
 * Impotential aorist: -(y)2m2z
 * Imperfective: -4yor
 * Past: -t/d4
 * Future: -(y)2c2k
 * Inferential perfective: -m4ş
 * Conditional: -s2
 * Progressive: -m2kt2
 * Necessitative: -m2l4
 * Optative: -(y)2
 * Imperative: -∅
 * Inferential perfective: -m4ş
 * Conditional: -s2
 * Progressive: -m2kt2
 * Necessitative: -m2l4
 * Optative: -(y)2
 * Imperative: -∅
 * Necessitative: -m2l4
 * Optative: -(y)2
 * Imperative: -∅
 * Imperative: -∅
 * Imperative: -∅

Compound suffixes
See also at

Noun-forming

 * -ç/c4
 * -l4k
 * -l4k

Verb-forming

 * -l2

Adjective-forming

 * -l4
 * -s4z
 * -s2l
 * -s2l
 * -s2l

Adverb-forming

 * -ç2/c2

title: Appendix:Turkish suffixes


text:
petronoia

Etymology
Coined by Ben Brockwell, editor-in-chief of the Oil Price Information Service. .

Noun

 * 1)  Fear and/or paranoia due to the economics of oil and petroleum.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: petronoia


text:
Talk:palmate

The link to Wiktionary's article on palmate isn't about the same kind of palmate here. Kushboy 03:28, August 12, 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:palmate


text:
envoyer

Etymology
, from, from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. The irregularity on future and conditional stem were influenced by that of.

Verb

 * 1) to send
 * 2)  to gulp down with relish

title: envoyer


text:
дефетизам

Noun

 * 1) defeatism

Noun

 * 1) defeatism

title: дефетизам


text:
defetizam

Noun

 * 1) defeatism

title: defetizam


text:
послати

Etymology
..

Verb

 * 1)  to send

Etymology 1
From. Analyzable as.

Verb

 * 1) to send
 * 2) to dispatch

Etymology 2
From.

title: послати


text:
poslati

Etymology
, equivalent to.

Verb

 * 1)  to send

Etymology
From, from +.

Verb

 * 1) to send (make something go somewhere)

title: poslati


text:
слати

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1)  to send

Etymology 1
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to send

Etymology 2
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to spread, to lay, to make (bed)

title: слати


text:
slati

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1)  to send

title: slati


text:
поштански

Adjective

 * 1)  mail/post

title: поштански


text:
poštanski

Adjective

 * 1)  mail/post

title: poštanski


text:
bumper crop

Etymology
+

Noun

 * 1) A large yield; an excess of something.
 * After leaving the usual bumper crop of zucchini on the neighbor's doorstep, she crept away.
 * They seem to have a bumper crop of kindergarteners this year.

Translations

 * Finnish: ennätyssato
 * German:
 * Polish: obfity plon
 * Russian: небыва́лый урожа́й, большо́й урожа́й

title: bumper crop


text:
пошта

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) mail, post

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) mail, post
 * 2) post office

Noun

 * 1) post, mail
 * 2) post office

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) mail, post
 * 2) post office

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) mail, post
 * 2) post office

title: пошта


text:
pošta

Noun

 * 1) post office
 * 2) mail parcels and letters

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) mail, post
 * 2) post office

Noun

 * 1) post office
 * 2) mail parcels and letters

title: pošta


text:
waggish

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) witty, jocular, like a wag
 * 2) mischievous, tricky
 * 1) mischievous, tricky

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Russian:
 * Tagalog: mapanukso

title: waggish


text:
продати

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to sell

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to sell (to agree to transfer goods or provide services)

title: продати


text:
prodati

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to sell

title: prodati


text:
продавати

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to sell

Verb

 * 1) to sell (to agree to transfer goods or provide services)

title: продавати


text:
prodavati

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to sell

title: prodavati


text:
трговати

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1)  to trade, deal

title: трговати


text:
trgovati

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1)  to trade, deal

title: trgovati


text:
actuate

Etymology
From, perfect passive participle of , from , perfect passive participle of.

Verb

 * 1)  To activate, or to put into motion; to animate.
 * 2) * November 6, 1750,, The Rambler No. 67
 * Wings, which others were contriving to actuate by the perpetual motion.
 * 1)  To incite to action; to motivate.
 * 2) * 1748,, Enquiries concerning the human understanding and concerning the principles of moral, 2. ed., London, Oxford University Press, 1973. § 11.
 * A man in a fit of anger, is actuated in a very different manner from one who only thinks of that emotion.
 * A man in a fit of anger, is actuated in a very different manner from one who only thinks of that emotion.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ;
 * German: in Gang setzen,
 * Greek: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Latin: āctuō
 * Polish:
 * Russian: приводи́ть в де́йствие, привести́ в де́йствие

 * Bulgarian: подбуждам към действие
 * Czech: podněcovat
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: rakendama
 * Finnish:, ,
 * German:, , ,
 * Latin: stimulō, acuō, excitō, incitō, incendō
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: побужда́ть к де́йствию, побуди́ть к де́йствию

title: actuate


text:
gnawer

Noun

 * 1) One who gnaws.
 * 2) A rodent or other animal that gnaws.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: τρώκτης
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: глодар
 * Roman: glodar
 * Swedish:

title: gnawer


text:
alimentary

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * Of, or relating to food, nutrition or digestion.
 * 1) Nourishing; nutritious.
 * 1) Nourishing; nutritious.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:, , свързан с храна
 * Catalan:
 * Czech:
 * French:
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:

 * Russian:

title: alimentary


text:
alimony

Etymology
Known since the 17th century, from (🇨🇬, as in ), itself from  +.

Noun

 * 1)  A court-mandated allowance made to a former spouse by a divorced or legally separated person.
 * 2)  Nourishment, sustenance, especially for one's spirit.
 * 1)  Nourishment, sustenance, especially for one's spirit.
 * 1)  Nourishment, sustenance, especially for one's spirit.

Usage notes
In the United States, the term alimony can be considered politically incorrect, with favor for terms like spousal support.

Translations

 * Arabic: نَفَقَة
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: výživné,
 * Danish: hustrubidrag
 * Dutch:, alimentatiegeld
 * Esperanto: nutramono,
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: ალიმენტი
 * German: ,
 * Greek: επίδομα διατροφής,
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian: feleségtartás, asszonytartás, házastárstartás,, ,
 * Irish: ailiúnas
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 扶養料
 * Manx: argid scarrey poosee
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: pensão alimentícia,
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: pensión alimenticia,
 * Swedish:
 * Thai: ค่าอุปการะเลี้ยงดู
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:

 * Dutch:, dagelijks brood,
 * Finnish:, ,
 * Greek:
 * Irish: ailiúnas
 * Latin: alimonia
 * Russian: сре́дства к существова́нию

 * Italian:
 * Japanese: (bekkyo fujoryō)
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Telugu:

title: alimony


text:
глодати

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1)  to gnaw

title: глодати


text:
glodati

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1)  to gnaw

title: glodati


text:
глодар

Etymology
From verb, meaning to gnaw.

Noun

 * 1) gnawer
 * 2) rodent

title: глодар


text:
glodar

Etymology
From verb, meaning to gnaw.

Noun

 * 1) gnawer
 * 2) rodent

title: glodar


text: Аустралија

title: Аустралија


text: Australija

title: Australija


text:
nothing to write home about

Pronoun

 * 1)  Not exceptional; not noteworthy or especially good.

Translations

 * Dutch: niets om over naar huis te schrijven
 * Finnish: ei kovin kaksinen
 * French:, ça ne casse pas trois pattes à un canard
 * Russian: не о чем да́же рассказа́ть
 * Spanish:, nada para tirar cohetes
 * Swedish: inget att hänga i julgranen, inget vidare

title: nothing to write home about


text: Аустрија

title: Аустрија


text:
Austrija

Etymology
, from (the first element of which means "east" and stems from, and the second element of which is ). The word was adapted to Latvian spelling (.

title: Austrija


text: Беч

title: Беч


text:
Beč

Etymology
, of Avar or Proto-Turkic origin.

title: Beč


text:
OOTB

Prepositional phrase

 * 1)  of a product

title: OOTB


text:
Рим

Etymology
From.

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

title: Рим


text:
रोम

Etymology
.

title: रोम


text:
काला

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) black
 * 2) dirty, grimy
 * 3)  black having dark skin
 * 4) great, terrible, fearful
 * 1) great, terrible, fearful

Noun

 * 1) color
 * 2)  Indian cobra
 * 3)  a sepoy

Noun

 * , which is

Noun

 * 1) name of several plants (,,  (syn. ),  (syn. ),  ( spp.), , ,  (syn. )

title: काला


text:
triticale

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  A grain crop, a hybrid of wheat and rye, that gives a high yield.
 * 2)  Any particular variety of triticale.
 * 1)  Any particular variety of triticale.

Translations

 * Catalan: triticale
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 小黑麥
 * Finnish: ruisvehnä, tritikali
 * Galician: comuña
 * German:
 * Irish: triteacál
 * Polish:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: triticale
 * Welsh: rhygwenith

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 小黑麥
 * Finnish: ruisvehnälajike
 * Galician: comuña
 * Polish:
 * Russian:
 * Welsh: rhygwenith

 * Romanian:
 * Russian:

title: triticale


text:
कृष्ण

Etymology
..

Proper noun

 * , eighth avatar of Vishnu

Adjective

 * 1)  black

Etymology
From, from.

Cognate with 🇨🇬 (whence 🇨🇬 (Glagolitic spelling ), 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) black, dark, dark-blue

Descendants

 * Dardic:

Proper noun

 * 1) Krishna, name of a celebrated Avatar of the god Vishnu
 * 2)  Krishna and Arjuna

Descendants

Noun

 * 1) black (the colour) or dark-blue

Noun

 * 1) waning period of the lunar phase from full moon to new moon
 * 2) the fourth or
 * 3) an antelope
 * 4) a kind of animal feeding on carrion
 * 5) the black part of the eye
 * 6) the black spots in the moon
 * 7) a kind of demon or spirit of darkness
 * 8) black pepper
 * (, syns., )

Noun

 * 1) blackness, darkness

title: कृष्ण


text:
freedom fighter

Noun

 * 1) A person involved in armed conflict against an occupation, or oppressive government, etc.; a revolutionary, an insurgent, a rebel or insurrectionist.

Usage notes
The same person can be called a terrorist, especially by the oppressor. At the same time, a terrorist by all means can be called freedom fighter in propaganda depending on one's ideologies (e.g. the Contra rebels that fought against the Marxist Sandinista leadership in Nicaragua were labeled freedom fighters by United States president Ronald Reagan). All in all, the term is generally very subjective and implies heavy bias towards the person or entity referred to.

Hypernyms

 * fighter

Translations

 * Albanian: luftëtar i Lirisë
 * Arabic: محارب للحرية
 * Armenian:
 * Bengali:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 自由戰士, 自由鬥士
 * Czech: bojovník za svobodu
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: liberecbatalanto
 * Estonian: vabadusvõitleja
 * Finnish:
 * French: combattant de la liberté, combattante de la liberté, combattant pour la liberté
 * Georgian: თავისუფლების მებრძოლი
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian: combattente per la libertà
 * Japanese: 自由戦士
 * Korean: 자유의 전사
 * Latvian: Brīvības cīnītājs
 * Lithuanian: Laisvės kovotojas
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: frihetskjemper
 * Polish: bojownik o wolność
 * Portuguese: combatente da liberdade
 * Romanian: luptător pentru libertate
 * Russian: боре́ц за свобо́ду
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Slovak: bojovník za slobodu
 * Spanish: luchador por la libertad
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: özgürlük savaşçısı
 * Ukrainian: боре́ць за свобо́ду

title: freedom fighter


text:
fanny fart

Etymology
+

Noun

 * 1)  An emission of air from the vagina, especially when audible.
 * 2)  A (normal) fart.

title: fanny fart


text:
spruce up

Verb

 * 1)  To dress or arrange smartly, elegantly, and neatly; to smarten.
 * 2)  To refresh, revamp; to freshen or improve something, especially its appearance.
 * Fresh paint and some new curtains would do a lot to spruce up this dark room.

Translations

 * French:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:, , mettersi in ghingheri, , ,
 * Japanese: しゃれる
 * Korean: 멋부리다
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

 * Hungarian:, , , , puccba vág

title: spruce up


text: vuelvo

title: vuelvo


text: sentías

title: sentías


text:
bystander

Noun

 * 1) A person who, although present at some event, does not take part in it; an observer, witness, or spectator.

Translations

 * Arabic: مُتَفَرِّج
 * Burmese:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Georgian: დამკვირვებელი, მოწმე, მაყურებელი
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian: ,
 * Old English: ymbstandend, ætstandend
 * Polish: naoczny świadek
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:,  ,
 * Spanish:, , , , ,
 * Swedish:

title: bystander


text:
Talk:bystander

This page was m:Transwikied from Wikipedia. Below is the edit history for the Wikipedia article. *(cur) (last) 02:02, August 12, 2005 Kushboy m (Transwiking) *(cur) (last) 03:11, July 19, 2005 Dmcdevit (wikt) *(cur) (last) 07:25, July 18, 2005 IByte m (Adding stub template: Vocabulary and usage stubs  - Join the WikiProject Stub Sorting) *(cur) (last) 06:49, July 18, 2005 Sanguinus m (where'd the template go? changed to simple stub) *(cur) (last) 06:47, July 18, 2005 Sanguinus m (correcting template) *(cur) (last) 06:46, July 18, 2005 Sanguinus (sub-stub) *(cur) (last) 17:17, July 17, 2005 Avivle m (Created Article)

title: Talk:bystander


text:
impressed

Adjective

 * 1) strongly affected, especially favourably
 * 2) stamped, under pressure
 * 3) compelled to serve in a military force
 * 4) confiscated by force or authority

Translations

 * Armenian: տպավորված
 * Belarusian: ўра́жаны
 * Catalan:
 * Finnish: vaikuttunut
 * French:
 * Galician: impresionado
 * Georgian:
 * German:
 * Italian:, , , senza parole
 * Korean:, 인상적인
 * Old English:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: etkilenmiş

 * Catalan:
 * Finnish:
 * Korean: ,
 * Old English: ġeþryht, ġeþryċċed
 * Swedish:

 * Korean:

 * Catalan: requisat
 * Finnish:
 * Korean: ,

title: impressed


text:
imprest

Etymology 2
Prefix form of, perhaps after Italian , or perhaps from a misunderstand of the phrase in prest.

Noun

 * 1) An advance of funds, especially to a government service or employee.

Translations

 * Azerbaijani: avans, beh
 * Bulgarian:
 * Hungarian:, költségelőleg
 * Malay: panjar

Verb

 * 1) To advance funds on loan.
 * 2) * February 23 1780,, Establism Bill
 * it shall not be lawful to imprest or issue to the paymaster general of his majesty's land forces

title: imprest


text:
lymphatic

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  Pertaining to lymph or the lymphatic system.
 * 2) Lacking energy or enthusiasm; having characteristics once associated with an excess of lymph: lack of muscle tone, paleness, sluggishness, etc.
 * 3)  Madly enthusiastic; frantic.
 * 1)  Madly enthusiastic; frantic.
 * 1)  Madly enthusiastic; frantic.
 * 1)  Madly enthusiastic; frantic.
 * 1)  Madly enthusiastic; frantic.
 * 1)  Madly enthusiastic; frantic.

Translations

 * Arabic: لِمْفَاوِيّ
 * Belarusian: лімфаты́чны
 * Bulgarian: лимфатичен
 * Catalan: limfàtic
 * Czech: ,
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Italian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: лімфати́чний

Noun

 * 1)  A vessel that transports lymph.

title: lymphatic


text:
User talk:Ground

Welcome
Ground, I'm glad you like Wiktionary and my little corner of it. I certainly hope you'll stay and help me make it great. I have included our welcome text for your reference, since Wiktionary has its own particulars about formatting.

Welcome!

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I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wiktionarian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk (discussion) and vote pages using four tildes, like this: ~~~~, which automatically produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the beer parlour or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome!

--Dvortygirl 07:12, 12 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ground


text:
civil service

Noun

 * 1) In parliamentary forms of government, the branches of government that are not military, legislative, or judicial, but work to apply its laws and regulations.
 * 2) The body of civilian employees of any level of government, not subject to political appointment and removal, normally hired and promoted largely on the basis of competitive examination.

Usage notes
The term civil service may not include certain classes of government employees who are subject to special rules, such as police and other peace officers, fire fighters, and other uniformed services. The delineations differ across countries.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * Georgian: საჯარო სამსახური
 * German: öffentliche Dienst,
 * Portuguese: função pública
 * Russian: государственная служба
 * Slovene: javna uprava
 * Spanish: función pública, servicio civil
 * Tagalog: serbisyo sibil, lingkurang-bayan

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Georgian:
 * German: öffentliche Dienst
 * Indonesian: aparatur sipil negara
 * Malay: perkhidmatan awam
 * Portuguese: função pública, serviço público
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish: servicio civil
 * Tagalog: serbisyo sibil

title: civil service


text:
tempestuous

Etymology
From Late, , , from , and , , , (modern 🇨🇬), and directly from its  , from ,  (from , possibly from  or ) +. The English word is equivalent to (a variant of ).

Adjective

 * Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; also, of a place: frequently experiencing tempests; (very) stormy.
 * 1)  Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental.
 * 1)  Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental.
 * 1)  Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental.
 * 1)  Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental.
 * 1)  Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental.
 * 1)  Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental.
 * 1)  Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental.
 * 1)  Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental.
 * 1)  Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental.
 * 1)  Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental.
 * 1)  Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental.
 * 1)  Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental.
 * 1)  Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental.
 * 1)  Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental.
 * 1)  Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental.
 * 1)  Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental.

Translations

 * Aromanian: furtunos
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan: tempestuós
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, rajuilmainen
 * French:
 * Galician: tempestuoso
 * German:
 * Alemannic German: urig
 * Greek:
 * Ancient Greek: θυελλώδης
 * Irish: anfach, anfúil
 * Old Irish: gáethmar
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Latin: tempestuōsus, intempestus, procellōsus
 * Macedonian: бурен
 * Maltese: tempestuż
 * Maori: hūkerikeri, niwhaniwha, tākaha, whakarawarawa
 * Occitan: tempestos, tempestuos
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: stoirmeil
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: бу̑ран
 * Roman:
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: masigwá
 * Ukrainian: ,

title: tempestuous


text:
lymphatic system

Noun

 * 1)  In mammals, including humans, a network of lymph vessels and lymph nodes that transport fluid, fats, proteins, and lymphocytes to the bloodstream as lymph, and remove microorganisms and other debris from tissues.

Translations

 * Arabic: جِهَاز لِمْفَاوِيّ
 * Egyptian Arabic: جهاز لمفاوي
 * Catalan: sistema limfàtic
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: lymfesystem
 * Finnish: imusuonisto
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Japanese: リンパ系
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: koendama lîmfê
 * Persian: دستگاه لنفاوی
 * Portuguese: sistema linfático
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: lymfatiskt system,
 * Turkish: lenfatik sistem
 * Vietnamese: hệ bạch huyết

title: lymphatic system


text:
tempt

Etymology
From, from (French: ), from , from , frequentative of. Displaced native 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  To provoke someone to do wrong, especially by promising a reward; to entice.
 * 2)  To attract; to allure.
 * 3)  To provoke something; to court.
 * 1)  To provoke something; to court.
 * 1)  To provoke something; to court.

Synonyms

 * , ; see also Thesaurus:allure
 * , ; see also Thesaurus:incite
 * , ; see also Thesaurus:incite

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: أَغْوَى, أَغْرَى
 * Armenian:
 * Asturian: tentar
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: friste
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Friulian: tentâ
 * Galician:
 * Georgian:
 * German: in Versuchung führen,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: πειράζω
 * Hebrew: ,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 誘惑する
 * Kapampangan: tuksu
 * Korean:
 * Latin: tentō
 * Latvian: kārdināt
 * Macedonian: соблазни
 * Norwegian: friste
 * Plautdietsch: vesieekjen
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, , , ,
 * Sardinian: tenteare
 * Scottish Gaelic: buair
 * Spanish:
 * Tagalog: tuksuhin
 * Telugu:
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:, , kanına girmek
 * Tuvaluan: fakaosooso
 * Venetian: tantar
 * Vietnamese:, xúi,
 * Volapük:

 * Arabic: أَغْرَى
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Danish: lokke
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian:
 * Latvian: kārdināt
 * Maori: whakapoapoa
 * Norwegian: friste
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, , , , ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: buair
 * Telugu: ఎర వేయు
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: спокуша́ти, прива́блювати
 * Volapük:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Polish:, podjudzić
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: buair
 * Telugu:
 * Turkish:

Verb

 * 1) to gulp
 * 2) to swill
 * 3) to quaff

title: tempt


text:
temptation

Etymology
From, from Morphologically

Noun

 * 1) The act of tempting.
 * 2) The condition of being tempted.
 * 3) Something attractive, tempting or seductive; an inducement or enticement.
 * 4) Pressure applied to one's thinking designed to create wrong emotions which will eventually lead to wrong actions.
 * 1) Pressure applied to one's thinking designed to create wrong emotions which will eventually lead to wrong actions.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic:, إِغْرَاء
 * Armenian:
 * Bengali: ফেতনা
 * Bulgarian:, съблазняване
 * Catalan:
 * Cebuano: panulay
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: pokoušení
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Georgian: განსაცდელი
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient Greek: πειρασμός
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: aimsiú
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kapampangan: tuksu
 * Korean:
 * Malay: penggodaan
 * Malayalam:
 * Maori: whakapoapoatanga
 * Norn: tumtation
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: fristelse
 * Old English: costnung
 * Ottoman Turkish: فتنه, وسوسه
 * Persian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Tagalog: tukso

 * Albanian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Danish: fristelse
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: tento
 * Finnish: viehättyneisyys
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient Greek: πειρασμός
 * Hungarian:
 * Korean:
 * Latvian: kārdinājums
 * Malayalam:
 * Maori: whakapoapoatanga
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: fristelse
 * Persian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

 * Arabic:
 * Armenian:
 * Bengali: ফেতনা
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Czech: pokušení
 * Danish: fristelse
 * Faroese: freisting
 * Finnish:, viettelys
 * Hebrew: פיתוי
 * Latvian: kārdinājums
 * Malay: godaan
 * Malayalam:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: fristelse
 * Ottoman Turkish: فتنه, وسوسه
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Slovak: pokušenie
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

 * Arabic:, تَجْرِبَة
 * Bengali: ফেতনা
 * Czech: pokušení
 * Finnish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:

 * Arabic:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Italian:
 * Korean:
 * Maltese:
 * Norwegian:
 * Nynorsk:
 * Romanian:
 * Scottish Gaelic:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

title: temptation


text:
tempting

Adjective

 * 1) Attractive, appealing, enticing.
 * 2) Seductive, alluring, inviting.
 * 1) Seductive, alluring, inviting.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:, превлекателен
 * Catalan: temptador
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 有的，人的
 * Danish: fristende
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician: tentador
 * German:, ,
 * Greek:
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian: примамлив
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: fristende
 * Polish: kusicielski
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Ukrainian: спокусливий

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: temptador
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 的，的
 * Finnish: ,
 * German:, , ,
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: fristende
 * Polish: kusicielski
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish:

 * Dutch:

Noun

 * 1) The act of subjecting somebody to temptation.
 * 2) * 1646,, On Temptation (sermon)
 * If God doth suffer his own people and dearest children to be exposed to Satan's temptings and winnowings; Why should any man then doubt of his childship, doubt of his own everlasting condition, and say, that he is none of the child of God because he is tempted?

title: tempting


text:
lymph node

Noun

 * 1)  Each of the small oval bodies of the lymphatic system, distributed along the lymphatic vessels, that are clustered in the armpits, groin, neck, chest and abdomen. They act as filters, with an internal honeycomb of connective tissue filled with lymphocytes and macrophages that collect and destroy bacteria, viruses and foreign matter from lymph. When the body is fighting an infection, these lymphocytes multiply rapidly and produce a characteristic swelling of the lymph nodes.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: عُقْدَة لِمْفَاوِيَّة
 * Armenian: ,
 * Bashkir: биҙ
 * Basque:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: lymfatická uzlina
 * Esperanto: limfganglio
 * Faroese: eitil
 * Finnish:, lymphonodi
 * French: ,
 * Galician: ganglio linfático
 * Georgian:
 * German: ,
 * Hebrew: קשר לימפה, בלוטת לימפה
 * Hindi: लसीका पर्व
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Irish: nód limfe, faireog limfe
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Khmer: កូនកណ្តុរ
 * Korean: 림프절
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Macedonian: лимфна жлезда
 * Maori: tīpona waitinana
 * Mongolian:
 * Navajo: akááz
 * Ojibwe: niniishk
 * Portuguese: linfonodo, gânglio linfático
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog: kulani
 * Thai:
 * Tibetan:
 * Turkish: lenf düğümü
 * Vietnamese: hạch bạch huyết, hạch lympho
 * Welsh: chwarren lymff, chwarren lymffatig

title: lymph node


text:
tenable

Etymology
From the, from ; compare.

Adjective

 * 1)  capable of being maintained or justified; well-founded
 * Back in the 1800s, many did not consider Darwin's theory of evolution to be tenable at all.
 * 1)  Capable of being defended against assault or attack; defensible
 * 2) Fit for habitation, similar, or related use.
 * 1)  Capable of being defended against assault or attack; defensible
 * 2) Fit for habitation, similar, or related use.
 * 1) Fit for habitation, similar, or related use.
 * 1) Fit for habitation, similar, or related use.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech: ,
 * Danish: holdbar
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, , , perusteltava
 * German:
 * Norwegian Bokmål: holdbar
 * Norwegian Nynorsk: haldbar
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: sostenible
 * Swedish:

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Czech:
 * Finnish: ,
 * German: verteidigungsfähig
 * Spanish: defendible

title: tenable


text:
Jobmühle

Etymology
From the notion that one is being ground down by his job.

Noun

 * 1) job mill

title: Jobmühle


text:
Hiob

Etymology
From, from , from. The form in H- is a Medieval Latin spelling variant intended to secure the following -i- as a vowel rather than a semivowel.

Proper noun

 * 1)  Job

Etymology
, from, from.

Proper noun

 * 1)  Job

title: Hiob


text:
Hiobsbotschaft

Etymology
From. From the Biblical story in which many bad things happen to.

Noun

 * 1) Job's news, bad news

title: Hiobsbotschaft


text:
luminescent

Etymology
From stem of, equivalent to.

Adjective

 * 1) Emitting light by luminescence.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: луминесцентен
 * Catalan: luminescent
 * Czech: luminiscenční
 * French:
 * Galician: luminescente
 * German:
 * Irish: lonrach
 * Italian:
 * Maori: hīnātore
 * Occitan: luminescent
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: soillseach
 * Spanish: luminiscente
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: masanag

Etymology
, on the model of /.

Etymology
.

title: luminescent


text:
militarism

Etymology
From,.

Noun

 * 1) An ideology which claims that the military is the foundation of a society's security, and thereby its most important aspect.
 * 2) A focus on, or excessive use of, military force.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: عَسْكَرِيَّة
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: militarizm
 * Belarusian: мілітары́зм
 * Bulgarian:, военолю́бие
 * Burmese: စစ်အာဏာရှင်ဝါဒ, စစ်ဝါဒ
 * Catalan: militarisme
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: militarismus
 * Danish: militarisme
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: militarismo
 * Georgian: მილიტარიზმი
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Hindi: सैन्यवाद
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: милитаризм
 * Khmer: យោធនិយម
 * Korean:
 * Kyrgyz: милитаризм
 * Lao: ລັດທິທະຫານ
 * Latvian: militārisms
 * Lithuanian:
 * Macedonian:
 * Malay: faham ketenteraan, militarisme
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: militarisme
 * Nynorsk: militarisme
 * Pashto: مليتاريزم
 * Persian: میلیتارییسم, نظامی‌گری
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: militarismo
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: милитарѝзам
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: militarizmus
 * Slovene: militarizem
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tajik: милитаризм
 * Thai: ลัทธิทหาร, แสนยนิยม
 * Tibetan: དམག་རྒྱལ་རིང་ལུགས
 * Turkish:, orduculuk
 * Ukrainian: мілітари́зм
 * Urdu: جارِحِیَّت
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese: chủ nghĩa quân phiệt

Etymology
..

title: militarism


text:
Botschafter

Noun

 * 1) ambassador, emissary, head of mission; messenger

title: Botschafter


text:
NAAFI

Noun

 * 1) A member of the Navy, Army and Air Force Institutes.

title: NAAFI


text:
Vorbote

Etymology
From, from ; equivalent to. Compare.

Noun

 * 1) harbinger

title: Vorbote


text:
trypsin

Etymology
From, since the substance was first found on rubbing down the pancreas with glycerine.

Noun

 * 1)  A digestive enzyme that cleaves peptide bonds (a serine protease)

Derived terms

 * chymotrypsin
 * pseudotrypsin
 * semitrypsin

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Esperanto: tripsino
 * Greek:
 * Malay: tripsin
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

title: trypsin


text:
Wolffian duct

Etymology
, who described the mesonephros and its ducts in his dissertation in 1759.

Noun

 * 1)  A paired structure found in mammals including humans that develops in the early stages of embryonic development and plays a critical role in the formation of male reproductive organs.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * French: canal de Wolff
 * German: Urnierengang
 * Hungarian: Wolff-cső
 * Italian: dotto di Wolff
 * Japanese:
 * Portuguese: ducto de Wolff
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: conducto de Wolff
 * Ukrainian:

title: Wolffian duct


text:
uninformed

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Not informed; ignorant.
 * 2)  Not imbued with life or activity.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Bengali: বেওয়াকেফ
 * Finnish: ,
 * Kazakh: бейхабар
 * Romanian:
 * Spanish: ,

title: uninformed


text:
Herberge

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) hostel, inn accommodation for travellers, often serving breakfast and cold supper, but typically no hot food
 * 2) home, shelter, place to sleep
 * 1) home, shelter, place to sleep
 * 1) home, shelter, place to sleep

title: Herberge


text:
Heer

Etymology
From, from , comparative of , from.

Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  pastor

Etymology 1
From. The archaic form is also still in common use among Christians (whereas here is obsolete as a common noun).

Proper noun

 * 1)  Lord, God

Etymology 2
First attested as in heere in 1176. Derived from. Formerly an independent village.

See also 🇨🇬.

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from.

Cognates include 🇨🇬 (> 🇨🇬)), 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Relation to 🇨🇬 has been theorised. False cognate of Spanish ejército, from Latin exerceo ("I exercise, I oversee").

Noun

 * 1)  army

Derived terms

 * (Austrian)

Etymology
From, from. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) army

title: Heer


text:
Bundesheer

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1)  the national army of Austria
 * 2)  the army of the German Confederation
 * 3)  the army portion of the
 * 1)  the army portion of the

title: Bundesheer


text:
Bundeswehr

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) The national army of the Federal Republic of Germany.

title: Bundeswehr


text:
Reichswehr

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1)  the German army between 1918 and 1935

title: Reichswehr


text:
Benelux

Etymology
From the first syllables of Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg.

Proper noun

 * 1) An economic and customs union made up of Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: Benelux
 * Arabic: بنلوكس
 * Armenian:
 * Asturian: Benelux
 * Azerbaijani: Benilüks
 * Bashkir: Бенилюкс
 * Basque: Benelux
 * Belarusian: Бэнілюкс
 * Bengali: বেনেলাক্স, বেনেলাক্স ইউনিয়ন
 * Breton: Benelux
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 比荷盧經濟聯盟
 * Chuvash: Бенилюкс
 * Danish: Benelux
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: Benelukso
 * Estonian:
 * Faroese: Benelukslondini, Beneluks
 * Fiji Hindi: Benelux
 * Finnish:
 * Franco-Provençal: Benelux
 * French:
 * Galician: Benelux
 * Georgian: ბენილუქსი
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: בנלוקס
 * Hungarian:, Benelux államok
 * Icelandic: Benelúxlöndin, Benelúx
 * Ido: Benelux
 * Indonesian: Benelux
 * Interlingua: Benelux
 * Irish: Benelux
 * Italian: Benelux
 * Japanese:
 * Kalmyk: Бенилюкс
 * Kazakh: Бенилюкс
 * Korean:
 * Latin: Benelux
 * Latvian: Benilukss
 * Limburgish: Benelux
 * Lithuanian: Beniliuksas
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Macedonian: Бенелукс
 * Malay: Benelux
 * Mongolian:
 * North Frisian: Benelux
 * Norwegian: Benelux
 * Occitan: Benelux
 * Persian: بنلوکس
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: Benelux
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: Бенелукс
 * Roman: Beneluks
 * Silesian: Beneluks
 * Spanish: Benelux
 * Swedish:
 * Tatar: Бенилюкс
 * Thai: เบเนลักซ์
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: Бенілю́кс
 * Urdu: بینیلکس
 * Uzbek: Benilyuks
 * Venetian: Benelux
 * Vietnamese: Benelux
 * Walloon: Benelusse
 * Welsh: Benelux
 * West Frisian: Benelúks
 * Western Panjabi: بینیلکس

Etymology
From the first syllables of Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg.

title: Benelux


text:
Wehrmacht

Etymology
.

Proper noun

 * 1)  The German armed forces from 1935 to 1945.

Translations

 * Danish: værnemagt
 * German:
 * Marathi: वेह्रमाख्ट
 * Persian: ورماخت
 * Russian: Ве́рмахт
 * Serbo-Croatian: Vermaht

Etymology
From +.

Noun

 * 1)  armed forces

Usage notes

 * In modern usage, refers specifically to the Nazi-era military. It is no longer used for armed forces generally.

Proper noun

 * 1)  Wehrmacht German armed forces from 1935 to 1945

title: Wehrmacht


text:
wehren

Etymology
From, from , from , from.

Verb

 * 1) to fight
 * 2)  to defend

title: wehren


text:
Wehr

Etymology 1
From, from , from , derived from , whence 🇨🇬. Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  resistance; defence; also in the sense of defenders; guard

Etymology 2
From northern, , borrowed from , , from. Derived from as in etymology 1, and sometimes thought to have been originally the same word. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) weir
 * 2) barrage

title: Wehr


text:
Türkenbund

Etymology
From, referring to the form of the flower, which is in the shape of a turban.

Noun

 * 1) Common Turk's Cap Lily, Martagon Lily (Lilum martagon)

title: Türkenbund


text:
Bundeslade

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) the Ark of the Covenant

title: Bundeslade


text: Category:Inuktitut interjections

title: Category:Inuktitut interjections


text:
burette

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  A glass tube with fine gradations and a stopcock at the bottom, used in laboratory procedures for accurate fluid dispensing and titration.
 * 2)  An altar cruet.

Translations

 * Arabic: سَحَّاحَة
 * Bulgarian: бюре́та
 * Catalan: bureta
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 滴定管
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: byreta
 * Danish: burette
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Icelandic: búretta
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ビュレット
 * Malay:
 * Maori: ngōine, ngōine katirere
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: byrette
 * Nynorsk: byrette
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: бирѐта
 * Roman:

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) oilcan
 * 2)  cruet used to keep wine and water for Eucharist
 * 1)  cruet used to keep wine and water for Eucharist

title: burette


text:
32-county

Etymology
The total number of counties in the island of Ireland.

Adjective

 * 1)  Covering the whole of the island of Ireland, including both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.

Translations

 * Irish: ar feadh an Dá Chontae Dhéag is Fiche

title: 32-county


text:
Wiktionary talk:Policy – Abbreviations

The first draft can be found at: Policy_-_Abbreviations/first_draft.

Policy problems
There are some real problems with this draft policy. Specific exmaples: That's all I can think of for now. --EncycloPetey 05:50, 26 February 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) LASER instead of laser. Since laser is an acronym, it should use only capital letters according to policy (1). How should we handle acronyms that have taken on an existence as an independent word?
 * 2) mass instead of Mass.. This is the abbreviation for the US state of Massachusetts, a word that is frequently abbreviated because it is hard to spell. By the listed policy (2), even abbreviations of proper nouns would use lowercase, and they should never use periods. Shouldn't we make an exception for abbreviations of proper nouns?
 * 3) phd instead of Ph.D. or PhD. Why should a familiar abbreviation like this have an artificial entry header? This is particularly confusing since phd is a form that has no meaning at all.

 * I support the comments by EncylcloPetey. And, on looking at the policy, found it almost unintelligible without some meaningful expamples.--Richardb 07:28, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

President John Tyler Senator William Fulbright, M.D. but Arkansas's late former senator, William Fulbright Source: "Abbreviations: Capitalization", Merriam-Webster's Manual for Writer's and Editors, p. 79. --Primetime 10:09, 26 February 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) Acronyms that have been assimilated into English as words in their own right are set in lowercase type because most people no longer think of them as acronyms. We should not encourage readers to spell laser as LASER as that would be lexicographically incorrect and not be an accurate description of how the word is spelled. The word is technically no longer an acronym. I suppose we could create an entry titled "LASER" and add a note to it labelling it as out of date, though.
 * 2) Abbreviations of proper nouns, on the other hand, generally have their first letters capitalized (e.g., T.E. Lawrence).
 * 3) Corporate, professional, and governmental titles are capitalized when they form a part of a person's name, unless the name is being used as an appositive:

use lowercase letters, numbers and slashes only
Oppose. There must be other counterexamples besides &c. 72.177.113.91 01:15, 12 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Like A&B, A&M, and A&E. --Bequw → ¢ • τ 13:24, 6 October 2009 (UTC)

English only
As I see no references to other languages, I'm assuming that the main page is all English specific. For instance, Spanish entries here use fullstops/periods for abbreviations. --Bequw → ¢ • τ 13:31, 6 October 2009 (UTC)

title: Wiktionary talk:Policy – Abbreviations


text:
eye socket

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1)  The bony cavity which contains the eyeball and its associated muscles, vessels, and nerves. In humans, seven bones make up each bony orbit.

Synonyms

 * , eyepit
 * , eyepit

Meronyms

 * frontal bone, zygomatic bone, maxilla, sphenoid bone, ethmoid bone, palatine bone, lacrimal bone

Translations

 * Arabic: مِحْجَر, حَجَاج
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: göz yuvası,, göz çuxuru
 * Basque: betzulo, begi-zulo
 * Bulgarian: о́чна кухина́
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Hokkien:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Cornish: kraw lagas
 * Czech: oční důlek, očnice, oční jamka
 * Danish: øjenhule
 * Dutch:
 * Erzya: сельмеваря
 * Estonian: silmaauk, silmakoobas
 * Finnish:, silmäaukko
 * French:, cavité oculaire, orbite crânienne, orbite de l'œil
 * Galician:
 * German: ; Orbita
 * Greek: οφθαλμικός κόγχος
 * Hebrew: ארובת עין
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Ido:
 * Irish: log súile
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: کاڵانە
 * Northern Kurdish: kunka çavî
 * Southern Kurdish: بِلیاق
 * Latin: orbita ocularis
 * Latvian: acs dobums, orbīta
 * Lithuanian:
 * Manchu: ᠶᠠᠰᠠ ᡳ ᡥᡡᠨᡨᠠᡥᠠᠨ
 * Maori: kape
 * Marathi: नेत्रगुहा
 * Mari:
 * Eastern Mari: орбите, шинчалаке, шинчарож
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: øyehule
 * Nynorsk: augehole
 * Persian:, , کاسهٔ چشم
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, cavidade ocular
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: глазна́я впа́дина, ,
 * Sorbian:
 * Upper Sorbian: wóčnica
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Vietnamese:
 * Volapük:
 * Welsh: pwll y llygad, crau'r llygad

title: eye socket


text:
sami

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) Semite

Etymology 2
.

Adjective

 * 1)  high, elevated

Verb

 * 1) to smudge

Noun

 * 1) a smudge

Etymology 1
, from, from. .

Noun

 * 1) Buddhist monk or priest

Etymology 2
, from.

Adjective

 * 1) high; exalted

Etymology 3
.

Adjective

 * 1) same

Noun

 * 1) a man's father-in-law, his wife's father
 * 2) a woman's mother-in-law, her husband's mother

Etymology 1
, from. .

Noun

 * 1) Buddhist monk or priest

Etymology 2
.

Adjective

 * 1) high; exalted

Noun

 * 1) reconciliation
 * 2) honour
 * 3) a due
 * 1) a due

Etymology 2
Weak declension of.

Etymology
From, from one of the languages, of uncertain origin/meaning, but possibly related to. More at Sápmi and Sami.

Noun

 * 1) Saami; Lapp member of nomadic people of Lapland

Adjective

 * 1)  of the Saami people

Noun

 * 1) fortune, luck

Etymology
From, from one of the languages, of uncertain origin/meaning, but possibly related to. More at Sápmi and Sami.

Noun

 * 1) Sami; Saami

Adjective

 * 1) Sami; Saami

Etymology 1
, from.

Adjective

 * 1) that hears, hearing

Etymology 2
, from.

Adjective

 * 1) high, lofty, elevated

title: sami


text:
User:Essjay~enwiktionary/monobook.css

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/* Dotted borders on pre look ugly, replace with a solid one */ border: 1px solid #aaa; }
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/* suppress the person icon by your username */ li#pt-userpage { background: none }

/* Avoid offpage text */

/* Eliminate yellow colour everywhere in borders */ border-color: #aaa; } /* Make the footer not 100% wide, but as wide as the content box, and change it from the annoying yellow colour */ border-top: 1px solid #aaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa; border-left: 1px solid #aaa; margin: 0.6em 0em 1em 155px; }
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title: User:Essjay~enwiktionary/monobook.css


text:
User:Essjay~enwiktionary/monobook.js

/* */ ////////////////////////////////// // User:Essjay's monobook. // ////////////////////////////////// /**** Initialize on window load ****/

$( myLoadFuncs );

/**** Load custom functions ****/

function myLoadFuncs {   if(!document.getElementById) return; // add a clock var toplinks = document.getElementById('p-personal').getElementsByTagName('ul')[0]; addlilink(toplinks, '#', '', 'utcdate'); showtime; morelinks; }

/**** Add generic tab ****/

function addlilink(tabs, url, name, id){ var na = document.createElement('a'); na.href = url; na.appendChild(document.createTextNode(name)); var li = document.createElement('li'); li.id = id; li.appendChild(na); tabs.appendChild(li); return li; }

////////////////////////////////////////// // Tabs by Korath // returns  name ////////////////////////////////////////// /**** Add tab as menu ****/

function addlimenu(tabs, name, id) {   var na = document.createElement('a'); na.href = '#'; var mn = document.createElement('ul'); na.appendChild(document.createTextNode(name)); var li = document.createElement('li'); li.id = id; li.className = 'tabmenu'; li.appendChild(na); li.appendChild(mn); tabs.appendChild(li); return li; }

/**** Get a clock that autoupdates! ****/

function showtime {   var timerID; var now = new Date; var timeValue = now.toUTCString.replace(/GMT/, "UTC"); document.getElementById('utcdate').firstChild.innerHTML = timeValue; timerID = setTimeout('showtime', 100); }

function addTab(url, name, id, title, key){ var tabs = document.getElementById('p-cactions').getElementsByTagName('ul')[0]; addlilink(tabs, url, name, id, title, key); }

// Adds a "blocklog" tab and fills in the username field on Special:Blockip, if a "&faketarget=username" is present. function do_blockip_stuff { // focus on Reason field document.getElementsByName('wpBlockReason')[0].focus;

// Look for a &faketarget= for the username/ip var l = location.search.substring(1).split('&'); var target = ''; for (var i = 0; i < l.length; ++i) {     var n = l[i].indexOf('='); if (l[i].substring(0, n) == 'faketarget') {	 target = l[i].substring(n + 1); break; }   }

if (target == '') return;

// put account name in "IP Address/username" field var addr = document.getElementsByName('wpBlockAddress')[0]; addr.value = unescape(target);

// add "blocklog" tab var c1 = document.getElementById('column-one'); var tabs = c1.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].getElementsByTagName('ul')[0]; tabs.appendChild(addlilink('/w/index.php?title=Special%3ALog&type=block&user=&page=User%3A' + target, 'blocklog')); }

// Opens the block log in the current window, and Special:Blockip in a popup. // Width, height, top, and left are chosen for a 1600x1200 display. //function blockpage_and_log(target) //{ // window.open('Special_Blockip.html?foo=blarg&faketarget=' + target, 'Block', 'width=1600,height=600,top=600,left=0'); // document.location.href = 'http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ALog&type=block&user=&page=User%3A' + target; //}

// Adds "block" and "blocklog" tabs to User: and User talk: pages. function add_block_tab{ var c1 = document.getElementById('column-one'); var tabs = document.getElementById('p-cactions').getElementsByTagName('ul')[0]; // use the "edit this page" tab to get already-tidied url var editlk = document.getElementById('ca-edit').getElementsByTagName('a')[0].href; // cut everything up to "title=" from the start and everything past "&action=edit" from the end editlk = editlk.substring(editlk.indexOf('title=') + 6, editlk.lastIndexOf('&action=edit')); editlk = editlk.substring(editlk.indexOf(':') + 1); var slloc = editlk.indexOf('/'); if(slloc > 0) editlk = editlk.substring(0, slloc);

// add "block" tab addTab('/wiki/Special:Blockip/' + editlk, 'block', 'ca-block');

// add "blocklog" tab addTab('/wiki/Special:Log/block?page=User:' + editlk, 'log', 'ca-blocklog'); // add "unblock" tab addTab('/w/index.php?title=Special:Ipblocklist&action=unblock&ip=' + editlk, 'un');

// add "contributions" tab addTab('/wiki/Special:Contributions/' + editlk, 'con'); // add "edit count" tab addTab('http://tools.wikimedia.de/~interiot/cgi-bin/count_edits?user=' + editlk + '&dbname=enwiki_p', 'count'); // add "whois" tab addTab('http://www.samspade.org/t/lookat?a=' + editlk, 'who'); // add "proxycheck" tab addTab('http://quyme.com/proxycheck.php?ip=' + editlk, 'proxy'); } function morelinks {   var tabs = document.getElementById('p-cactions').getElementsByTagName('ul')[0]; if(document.title.indexOf("User") == 0) {       addlimenu(tabs, 'User functions', 'userf'); var userf = document.getElementById('userf').getElementsByTagName('ul')[0]; var editlk = document.getElementById('ca-edit').getElementsByTagName('a')[0].href; editlk = editlk.substring(editlk.indexOf('title=') + 6, editlk.lastIndexOf('&action=edit')); editlk = editlk.substring(editlk.indexOf(':') + 1); var slloc = editlk.indexOf('/'); if(slloc > 0) editlk = editlk.substring(0, slloc); // format: addlilink(userf, url, name); // add "block" tab addlilink(userf, '/wiki/Special:Blockip/' + editlk, 'block user'); // previous: addTab('/wiki/Special:Blockip/' + editlk, 'block', 'ca-block', ''); // add "blocklog" tab addlilink(userf, '/wiki/Special:Log/block?page=User:' + editlk, 'block log', ''); // addTab('/wiki/Special:Log/block?page=User:' + editlk, 'log', 'ca-blocklog'); // add "unblock" tab addlilink(userf, '/w/index.php?title=Special:Ipblocklist&action=unblock&ip=' + editlk, 'unblock user', ''); // addTab('/w/index.php?title=Special:Ipblocklist&action=unblock&ip=' + editlk, 'un'); // add "contributions" tab addlilink(userf, '/wiki/Special:Contributions/' + editlk, 'contributions', ''); // addTab('/wiki/Special:Contributions/' + editlk, 'con'); // add "edit count" tab addlilink(userf, 'http://tools.wikimedia.de/~interiot/cgi-bin/count_edits?user=' + editlk + '&dbname=enwiki_p', 'interiot\'s tool', ''); // addTab('http://tools.wikimedia.de/~interiot/cgi-bin/count_edits?user=' + editlk + '&dbname=enwiki_p', 'count'); // add "whois" tab addlilink(userf, 'http://www.samspade.org/t/lookat?a=' + editlk, 'whois user', ''); // addTab('http://www.samspade.org/t/lookat?a=' + editlk, 'who'); // add "proxycheck" tab addlilink(userf, 'http://quyme.com/proxycheck.php?ip=' + editlk, 'proxy check', ''); // addTab('http://quyme.com/proxycheck.php?ip=' + editlk, 'proxy'); } }

function do_onload { if (document.title.indexOf('Block user') == 0) // could stand to be more robust do_blockip_stuff; }

//From User:Func if (window.addEventListener) window.addEventListener("load", do_onload, false); else if (window.attachEvent) window.attachEvent("onload", do_onload);

if ( document.createElement && window.addEventListener ) {	function SoFixItInit // pre-load, (don't want to slow down loading of article's content, though) {

}

function SoFixItLoad // post-load {		UserMenu = new PortletMenu( 'p-personal'  ); PageMenu = new PortletMenu( 'p-cactions'  ); NavMenu = new PortletMenu( 'p-navigation' ); //ToolMenu = new PortletMenu( 'p-tb'        );

//	This is inefficient and not particularly robust. //	This comes first, I want this link to come up as //	fast as possible. //		function GetByClass( sElem, sClass ) {	var i, a2 = [], a = document.getElementsByTagName( sElem ); for ( i = 0; i < a.length; i++ ) if ( a[ i ].className == sClass ) a2.push( a[ i ] ); return a2; }		var a, td = GetByClass( 'td', 'diff-otitle' ); if ( ( td = td[ 0 ] ) && ( a = td.getElementsByTagName( 'a' )[ 0 ] ) ) a.href = a.href + '&action=edit'; // need to change text, later

var userName = UserMenu.getText( 'pt-userpage' );

// personal (top-most) menu //			//					//		UserMenu.setText( 'pt-mytalk'   , 'Talk'  ); UserMenu.setText( 'pt-preferences', 'Prefs' ); UserMenu.setText( 'pt-watchlist', 'Watchlist' ); UserMenu.setText( 'pt-mycontris', 'Contribs' ); UserMenu.setText( 'pt-logout'   , 'Log out'   ); //		UserMenu.setHref( 'pt-mycontris',			'http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Contributions&target=' +			userName + '&offset=0&limit=500' ); //			//			//					//	article-actions menu, (the "tabs") //		if ( PageMenu[ 'ca-history' ] ) // theory: if it has a history tab, then it's purgable {			PageMenu.insertBefore( 'ca-history', 'ca-lastdiff', 'diff',				PageMenu.getHref( 'ca-history' ).replace( /action=history/, 'diff=0' ) );

PageMenu.append( 'ca-purge', 'Purge',				PageMenu.getHref( 'ca-history' ).replace( /action=history/, 'action=purge' ) ); //Shorten tab names // PageMenu.setText( 'ca-nstab-user', 'userpage' ); PageMenu.setText( 'ca-talk', 'talk page' ); PageMenu.setText( 'ca-edit'   , 'edit'   ); PageMenu.setText( 'ca-history'   , 'history'   ); PageMenu.setText( 'ca-delete'   , 'delete'   ); PageMenu.setText( 'ca-watch'   , 'watch'   ); PageMenu.setText( 'ca-protect'   , 'protect'   );

}

var x = 1; NavMenu.append( 'n-' + x++, 'Monobook.js', '/wiki/User:' + userName + '/monobook.js' ); NavMenu.append( 'n-' + x++, 'Interiot', 'http://tools.wikimedia.de/~interiot/cgi-bin/count_edits?user=Essjay&dbname=enwiki_p' );

}

function PortletMenu( id ) // constructor {		this.menu = document.getElementById( id ); this.list = this.menu.getElementsByTagName( 'ul' )[ 0 ]; // bypass " Views ", etc.

//	sigh...as far as I can figure, there is empty whitespace being treated //	as TextNodes.... //		var LIs = this.list.getElementsByTagName( 'li' );

for ( var i = 0; i < LIs.length; i++ ) {			this[ LIs[ i ].id ] = LIs[ i ]; }

this.newItem = function( id, txt, url ) {	var li = document.createElement( 'li' ); li.id  = id; var a = document.createElement( 'a'  );  a.href = url;

a.appendChild( document.createTextNode( txt ) ); li.appendChild( a );

this[ id ] = li; // watch this!!!

return li; }

this.append = function( id, txt, url ) {	this.list.appendChild( this.newItem( id, txt, url ) ); }		this.insertBefore = function( old, id, txt, url ) {	this.list.insertBefore( this.newItem( id, txt, url ), this[ old ] ); }

//	the ByTagName here is a bit annoying, but in Safari, I was picking //	up TextNodes by using this[ id ].firstChild.firstChild //		this.getText = function( id     ) { return this[ id ].getElementsByTagName( 'a' )[ 0 ].firstChild.data } this.setText = function( id, txt ) {       this[ id ].getElementsByTagName( 'a' )[ 0 ].firstChild.data = txt }

this.getHref = function( id     ) { return this[ id ].getElementsByTagName( 'a' )[ 0 ].href       } this.setHref = function( id, url ) {       this[ id ].getElementsByTagName( 'a' )[ 0 ].href = url } //	I add em as I need em.... }

function RemoveNode( id ) {	var node = document.getElementById( id ) node.parentNode.removeChild( node ); }

SoFixItInit; window.addEventListener( 'load', SoFixItLoad, false ); }

// Do useful thinks on Special:Log/newusers //

function NUPatrol {	if (	( window.location.href.indexOf( 'Special%3ALog&type=newusers' ) == -1 ) &&			( window.location.href.indexOf( 'Special:Log/newusers'       ) == -1 )  ) return; // make more robust???

var items, item, i, links, user, name, talk, contribs, insertLoc, link;

items = document.getElementById( 'bodyContent' ).getElementsByTagName( 'ul' )[ 0 ].getElementsByTagName( 'li' );

function NewLink( txt, url, plainlinks, linkColor ) {	var a = document.createElement( 'a' ); a.appendChild( document.createTextNode( txt ) ); a.href = url; if ( plainlinks ) a.className = 'plainlinks'; if ( linkColor ) {	if ( typeof linkColor == "string" ) a.style.color = linkColor; else	a.style.color = '#FF0000'; // old default behavior }		return a;	}

for ( i = 0; i < items.length; i++ ) {		item = items[ i ]; links = item.getElementsByTagName( 'a' );

user = links[ 0 ]; name = user.firstChild.nodeValue; talk = links[ 2 ]; talk.firstChild.nodeValue = 'talk'; // lowercase 'Talk' for consistency contribs = links[ 3 ];

insertLoc = user.nextSibling; // ' newusers '

item.insertBefore( document.createTextNode( ' ( ' ), insertLoc );

item.insertBefore( talk, insertLoc ); item.insertBefore( document.createTextNode( ', ' ), insertLoc );

item.insertBefore( contribs, insertLoc ); item.insertBefore( document.createTextNode( ', ' ), insertLoc );

item.insertBefore( NewLink( 'actions', '/w/index.php?title=Special%3ALog&user=' + name, true, '#000088' ), insertLoc ); item.insertBefore( document.createTextNode( ', ' ), insertLoc );

item.insertBefore( NewLink( 'blocks', '/w/index.php?title=Special%3ALog&type=block&page=User%3A' + name, true, '#008800' ), insertLoc ); item.insertBefore( document.createTextNode( ', ' ), insertLoc );

item.insertBefore( NewLink( 'is blocked?', '/wiki/Special:Ipblocklist?action=search&ip=' + name, true, '#888800' ), insertLoc ); item.insertBefore( document.createTextNode( ', ' ), insertLoc );

item.insertBefore( NewLink( 'do block!', '/w/index.php?title=Special:Blockip&ip=' + name, true, '#880000' ), insertLoc );

item.insertBefore( document.createTextNode( ' )' ), insertLoc );

item.removeChild( insertLoc.nextSibling ); // should remove the span item.removeChild( insertLoc ); // should remove ' newusers ' text } }

if ( window.addEventListener ) window.addEventListener( 'load', NUPatrol, false ); else if ( window.attachEvent ) window.attachEvent( 'onload', NUPatrol );

function inc (file) { var lt = String.fromCharCode(60); var gt = String.fromCharCode(62); document.writeln(lt+'script type="text/javascript" src="/w/index.php?title='+file+'&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript&dontcountme=s"'+gt+lt+'/script'+gt); }

inc("User:Topaz/init.js"); inc("User:Topaz/util.js"); inc("User:Topaz/comm.js"); inc("User:Topaz/wputil.js"); inc("User:Essjay/statuschanger.js");

// //

title: User:Essjay~enwiktionary/monobook.js


text: ISEF

title: ISEF


text: biol

title: biol


text:
biol.

Noun

 * 1)  Biology.

Noun

 * 1)  biology;

title: biol.


text: RNAi

title: RNAi


text: hPR

title: hPR


text:
NR

Proper noun

 * , a rail infrastructure manager in Great Britain

title: NR


text: QB

title: QB


text: O&S

title: O&S


text: CAAC

title: CAAC


text: NHC

title: NHC


text:
environ

Etymology 1
The is derived from, from , , and , , from  (modern 🇨🇬), from  +  (though first attested later) (from  (either from  (ultimately from ), or from  (ultimately from )) + ).

The is derived from, which is from the adverb.

Adverb

 * 1) In the neighbourhood; around.
 * 2) Almost, nearly.
 * 1) Almost, nearly.
 * 1) Almost, nearly.
 * 1) Almost, nearly.

Etymology 2
From, , from , , and (modern 🇨🇬), from  (see etymology 1) +.

Verb

 * 1) To encircle or surround (someone or something).
 * 2)  To encircle or surround (someone or something) so as to attack from all sides; to beset.
 * 3)  To encircle or surround (a heraldic element such as a charge or escutcheon (shield)).
 * 4) To cover, enclose, or envelop (someone or something).
 * 5) Followed by from: to hide or shield (someone or something).
 * 6)  Of a person: to be positioned or stationed around (someone or something) to attend to or protect them.
 * 7)  Of a situation or state of affairs, especially danger or trouble: to happen to and affect (someone or something).
 * 8) To amount to or encompass (a space).
 * 9) To travel completely around (a place or thing); to circumnavigate.
 * 1)  To encircle or surround (someone or something) so as to attack from all sides; to beset.
 * 2)  To encircle or surround (a heraldic element such as a charge or escutcheon (shield)).
 * 3) To cover, enclose, or envelop (someone or something).
 * 4) Followed by from: to hide or shield (someone or something).
 * 5)  Of a person: to be positioned or stationed around (someone or something) to attend to or protect them.
 * 6)  Of a situation or state of affairs, especially danger or trouble: to happen to and affect (someone or something).
 * 7) To amount to or encompass (a space).
 * 8) To travel completely around (a place or thing); to circumnavigate.
 * 1) To cover, enclose, or envelop (someone or something).
 * 2) Followed by from: to hide or shield (someone or something).
 * 3)  Of a person: to be positioned or stationed around (someone or something) to attend to or protect them.
 * 4)  Of a situation or state of affairs, especially danger or trouble: to happen to and affect (someone or something).
 * 5) To amount to or encompass (a space).
 * 6) To travel completely around (a place or thing); to circumnavigate.
 * 1) Followed by from: to hide or shield (someone or something).
 * 2)  Of a person: to be positioned or stationed around (someone or something) to attend to or protect them.
 * 3)  Of a situation or state of affairs, especially danger or trouble: to happen to and affect (someone or something).
 * 4) To amount to or encompass (a space).
 * 5) To travel completely around (a place or thing); to circumnavigate.
 * 1) Followed by from: to hide or shield (someone or something).
 * 2)  Of a person: to be positioned or stationed around (someone or something) to attend to or protect them.
 * 3)  Of a situation or state of affairs, especially danger or trouble: to happen to and affect (someone or something).
 * 4) To amount to or encompass (a space).
 * 5) To travel completely around (a place or thing); to circumnavigate.
 * 1)  Of a situation or state of affairs, especially danger or trouble: to happen to and affect (someone or something).
 * 2) To amount to or encompass (a space).
 * 3) To travel completely around (a place or thing); to circumnavigate.
 * 1) To amount to or encompass (a space).
 * 2) To travel completely around (a place or thing); to circumnavigate.
 * 1) To amount to or encompass (a space).
 * 2) To travel completely around (a place or thing); to circumnavigate.
 * 1) To amount to or encompass (a space).
 * 2) To travel completely around (a place or thing); to circumnavigate.
 * 1) To travel completely around (a place or thing); to circumnavigate.

Translations

 * Arabic: اِكْتَنَفَ
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Finnish:
 * Hebrew:
 * Ottoman Turkish: صارمق
 * Portuguese: ,

 * Finnish:

 * Finnish:

Etymology 3
From Late, , , from , , , and  (modern 🇨🇬), a  use of : see etymology 1.

Noun

 * 1)  A surrounding area or place (especially of an urban settlement); an environment.

Translations

 * Esperanto: ĉirkaŭaĵo
 * Finnish: ,
 * Galician: contorna
 * Hindi:
 * Manx: slyst

Etymology
, from, from , whence also French.

Adverb

 * 1) about, close to, around

Noun

 * 1)  a surrounding area

Adverb

 * 1) about; around; roughly
 * 2) around

Adverb

 * 1) about, around, approximately

Etymology
, the latter word ultimately from the verb.

Adverb

 * 1) around
 * 2) surrounding
 * 3) about, roughly, approximately

title: environ


text: technol

title: technol


text: DPA

title: DPA


text:
alluvial

Etymology
From, from , from. Analyzable as

Adjective

 * 1) Pertaining to the soil deposited by a stream.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: al·luvial
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: náplavový,
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, alluviaalinen
 * French:
 * German:, , abgelagert
 * Irish: glárach
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian: наносен
 * Polish: aluwialny
 * Portuguese: aluvial
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: alùbhiach
 * Spanish: aluvial, aluvional
 * Swedish:

Noun

 * 1)  A deposition of sediment over a long period of time by a river; an alluvial layer.
 * 2) Alluvial soil; specifically, in Australia, gold-bearing alluvial soil.

Usage notes

 * The noun is normally used in the plural by engineers who recover valuable minerals from these layers.

Adjective

 * 1) alluvial

title: alluvial


text:
alluvium

Etymology
From, neuter of , from.

Noun

 * 1) soil, clay, silt or gravel deposited by flowing water, as it slows, in a river bed, delta, estuary or flood plain

Translations

 * Arabic: طَمْي, إِبْلِيز
 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: al·luvió
 * Cherokee: ᏩᎵᏃᎯᏯᏍᎬ
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: naplavenina
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: aluvio
 * Estonian: jõesete, uhtsete
 * Finnish: alluviumi, alluuvi
 * French:
 * German:, Alluvialboden, Anschwemmungsboden, Anschwemmung, , Schwemmlandboden
 * Hindi: जलोढ़क
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: tuiltreach, glár
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: 충적층(沖積層)
 * Macedonian: на́нос
 * Malayalam:, മണൽതിട്ട
 * Maori: parahua, kotae, kotau
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, alúvio
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: а̀лӯвиј, а̀лӯвија
 * Roman: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: alluvialavlagring,
 * Tamil: ஆற்றுவண்டல்
 * Vietnamese: bồi tích, trầm tích phù sa, trầm tích sông

title: alluvium


text:
amputate

Etymology
From. The original sense of pruning (a tree, etc.) became obsolete. The OED considers uses related to anything other than an animal limb to be figurative uses of the modern sense.

Verb

 * 1)  To cut off, to prune. 1
 * 2) To surgically remove a part of the body, especially a limb.  1

Related terms

 * (noun)
 * (noun)

Translations

 * Arabic:
 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: ампутава́ць
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: amputar
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἀποκόπτω
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Macedonian: ампути́ра
 * Maori: pōuto
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic : ампути́рати
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: amputovať
 * Slovene: amputȋrati
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: gapungin
 * Turkish: ampüte etmek
 * Ukrainian:

title: amputate


text: anon.

title: anon.


text:
tr

Symbol

 * 1)  trill
 * 2)  The symbol for the trace function on square matrices.
 * 1)  The symbol for the trace function on square matrices.

Noun

 * 1) point or span of time, particular time (+ genitive: time of (a season, a part of the day, a date, a festival, an event, etc.))
 * 2) duration of time (+ genitive: lasting, consisting of (some measure))
 * 3) proper time for something
 * 4) time when something will reach fulfilment, particularly of the end of pregnancy or death
 * 5) season, time of year
 * 6) time when someone is alive, lifetime (of people, gods, ancestors)
 * 7)  day and night
 * 8)  divisions of time
 * 1)  divisions of time

Usage notes
Since the New Kingdom, the dual of this word starts to occasionally be used for the singular or plural.

Particle

 * 1) really?, actually?
 * 1) really?, actually?

Alternative forms

 * x

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) ft foot/feet

title: tr


text:
tr.

Noun

 * 1)   Latin for “tincture”.

Noun

 * 1)  flight of stairs.

title: tr.


text: amuck

title: amuck


text:
Tr.

Usage notes
This is the customary abbreviation of this term as used in case citations. See, e.g., The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation, Nineteenth Edition (2010), "Case Names and Institutional Authors in Citations", Table T6, p. 430-431.

title: Tr.


text: RFD

title: RFD


text:
Eurasia

Proper noun

 * 1) The largest and most populous landmass on Earth, consisting of Europe and Asia; sometimes also including neighboring islands.
 * 2) A region comprising parts of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia; the countries of the former Soviet Union and the sphere of influence of Russia.

Hyponyms

 * Central Asia, East Asia, South Asia, Western Asia, Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northern Europe, Southern Europe, Western Europe
 * Arabian Peninsula, Balkans, Caucasus, Iberia, Indian subcontinent, Levant, Scandinavian Peninsula
 * See also Category:en:Countries of Asia, Category:en:Countries of Europe
 * See also Category:en:Countries of Asia, Category:en:Countries of Europe

Translations

 * Afrikaans: Eurasië
 * Albanian: Eurazi, Eurazia
 * Arabic: يُورَاسِيَا
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Belarusian: Еўра́зія, Эўра́зія
 * Bengali: ইউরেশিয়া
 * Bulgarian: Евра́зия
 * Burmese: ယူရေးရှား
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish: Eurasien
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: Eŭrazio
 * Estonian: Euraasia
 * Faroese: Evrasia
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: यूरेशिया
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Indonesian: Eurasia
 * Irish: Eoráise
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Kazakh: Еуразия
 * Khmer: អឺរ៉ាស៊ី
 * Korean: ,
 * Kyrgyz: Евразия
 * Lao: ຢູເຣເຊຍ
 * Latin: Eurasia
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Macedonian: Евроа́зија
 * Malay: Eurasia
 * Maltese: Ewrasja
 * Marathi: युरेशिया
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: Еврази
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Pashto: اوراسيا
 * Persian: اُوراسیا
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: Eurasia
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: Евроазија, Евразија
 * Roman: Euroazija,
 * Slovak: Eurázia
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili: Urasia
 * Swedish:
 * Tajik: Евросиё, Авросиё
 * Tatar: Ауразия
 * Thai: ยูเรเชีย
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: Ýewraziýa
 * Ukrainian:
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese: lục địa Á-Âu (陸地亞歐), lục địa Âu-Á (陸地歐亞), đại lục Á Âu (大陸亞歐), đại lục Âu Á (大陸歐亞)
 * West Frisian: Jeraazje

title: Eurasia


text:
appurtenance

Etymology
From, from and , from , from. Equivalent to. More at.

Noun

 * 1) That which appertains; an appendage to something else; an addition.
 * 2)  Equipment used for some specific task; gear.
 * 3)  A subordinate interest in land which benefits a principal estate, which cannot be detached from or held separately to that estate; an appurtenant interest.
 * 4)  A modifier that is appended or prepended to another word to coin a new word that expresses belonging.
 * 5) The state or quality of being an appurtenance.
 * 1)  A subordinate interest in land which benefits a principal estate, which cannot be detached from or held separately to that estate; an appurtenant interest.
 * 2)  A modifier that is appended or prepended to another word to coin a new word that expresses belonging.
 * 3) The state or quality of being an appurtenance.
 * 1)  A modifier that is appended or prepended to another word to coin a new word that expresses belonging.
 * 2) The state or quality of being an appurtenance.
 * 1)  A modifier that is appended or prepended to another word to coin a new word that expresses belonging.
 * 2) The state or quality of being an appurtenance.
 * 1) The state or quality of being an appurtenance.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: ,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Macedonian: до́даток
 * Romanian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:

 * Finnish:
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Macedonian: о́према, при́бор
 * Portuguese: apetrechos
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Spanish: ,

 * Serbo-Croatian: ,

 * German:
 * Hungarian: ,

title: appurtenance


text: UW

title: UW


text:
Talk:communist

12/08/2005 Checked the italian translation

In de Nederlandse Nieuwe Spelling is het "communist" met een C ipv een K. In Dutch "Nieuwe Spelling" it's written as "communist" with a C instead of a K. 82.161.38.100 19:51, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Most common usage not included
Probably even more frequent than all the academic literature that has used the word "communist", the most common, everyday use of this word generally means something closer to, "Somebody with whom the speaker is in disagreement." The vast majority of the population has no idea what communism is and anything that they don't like will often be written off as communism. In the interests of accurately reflecting the way words are used, an entry that reflects this reality is in order.

Philologick (talk) 19:03, 11 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Better: "A leftist with whom the speaker is in disagreement", right-wingers are not called communists. A right-winger with whom the speaker is in disagreement can similarly be called a fascist. Mölli-Möllerö (talk) 19:06, 11 February 2021 (UTC)

RFV discussion: March–June 2023
Rfv-sense "Russian" and "Slav". I suspect we might be missing an altcaps of sense 3 of Communist ("Any citizen of a country controlled by such a party"), which is probably what "Russian" is getting at and should be changed to. - -sche (discuss) 02:46, 21 March 2023 (UTC)
 * Failed. - TheDaveRoss  17:49, 9 June 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:communist


text:
storing

Noun

 * 1) An amount stored.

Etymology
From.

title: storing