text:
detain

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  To keep someone from proceeding by holding them back or making claims on their attention.
 * 2)  To put under custody.
 * 3)  To keep back or from; to withhold.
 * 4)  To seize goods for official purposes.
 * 1)  To seize goods for official purposes.
 * 1)  To seize goods for official purposes.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:
 * Greek:
 * Latin: dētineō
 * Maori: tātāwhi
 * Spanish:

 * Arabic:
 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: затры́мліваць, затрымо́ўваць, затрыма́ць, задзе́ржваць
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, , , ,
 * Czech: zadržovat,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: reteni
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * Georgian:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hindi: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: coinnigh
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Khmer:, ,
 * Korean:
 * Lao: ,
 * Latin:
 * Macedonian: задржува, задржи
 * Mongolian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: задржа́вати, задр̀жати
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovak: zadržiavať, zadržať
 * Slovene: pridrževati, pridržati
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish: ,
 * Thai:, ,
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: затри́мувати, затри́мати
 * Vietnamese:, ,
 * Zazaki: tewfiq kerden

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:
 * Maori: tautāwhi
 * Spanish:

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:
 * Greek:
 * Spanish:

 * Estonian: ,

title: detain


text:
publicity

Etymology
From, From , accusative singular of , from.

Morphologically

Noun

 * 1) Advertising or other activity designed to rouse public interest in something.
 * 2) Public interest attracted in this way.
 * 3) The condition of being the object of public attention.
 * 4) The quality of being public, not private.
 * 1) The condition of being the object of public attention.
 * 2) The quality of being public, not private.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: reklamo
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Irish:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Macedonian: рекла́ма
 * Malay: publisiti, pengiklanan, seranta
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: publisitet
 * Nynorsk: publisitet
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

 * Catalan:
 * Dutch:
 * Greek:
 * Malay: publisiti
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Greek:
 * Malay: publisiti
 * Russian: ,

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: publicity


text:
spore

Etymology
From, from , related to and , from  (compare 🇨🇬).

Noun

 * 1) A reproductive particle, usually a single cell, released by a fungus, alga, or plant that may germinate into another.
 * 2) A thick resistant particle produced by a bacterium or protist to survive in harsh or unfavorable conditions.
 * 1) A thick resistant particle produced by a bacterium or protist to survive in harsh or unfavorable conditions.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: spoor
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Cherokee: ᎠᏴᎩᏍᏗ
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:, výtrus
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: sporo
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: spór
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Maori: pua atua,
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: spore
 * Persian: اسپور,
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:
 * Slovene: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Thai:
 * Ukrainian: спо́ра
 * Vietnamese:

 * Catalan:
 * Czech:
 * Finnish:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Polish: przetrwalnik,
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: спо́ра

Verb

 * 1) To produce spores.

Etymology 1

 * , from.
 * , from, from.

Noun

 * 1)  reproductive particle
 * 2)  resistant particle produced by bacterium or protist
 * 3) spur a rigid implement, often roughly y-shaped, that is fixed to one's heel for purpose of prodding a horse
 * 4) spur anything that inspires or motivates, as a spur does to a horse
 * 5) spur an appendage or spike pointing rearward, near the foot, for instance that of a rooster

Etymology 2

 * , from.
 * , from.

Verb

 * 1) spur to prod
 * 2) spur to urge or encourage to action, or to a more vigorous pursuit of an object; to incite; to stimulate; to instigate; to impel; to drive
 * 3) trace to follow the trail of
 * 4) scent to detect the scent of
 * 5) feel, notice, perceive

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) spore

Etymology 1
From, , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) A spur; a prod for horses at the back of one's shoes.
 * 2) A spur as a representation of knightly status.
 * 3) The spike of the claws of a rooster (or other bird).
 * 4)  A low support made of wood.
 * 5)  A heraldic depiction of a spur.

Etymology 2
From, from ; probably assimilated in phonological form to Etymology 1.

Noun

 * 1)  A track or trace.

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) a spur

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1)  a

Etymology 3
From the noun.

Verb

 * 1) to trace, track

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) a spur

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1)  a

Etymology 3
From and the noun.

Verb

 * 1) to trace, track

title: spore


text:
petrify

Etymology
From, from , from , from + , from , equivalent to.

Verb

 * 1)  To turn to stone: to harden organic matter by permeating with water and depositing dissolved minerals.
 * 2) To produce rigidity akin to stone.
 * 3) To immobilize with fright.
 * 4)  To become stone, or of a stony hardness, as organic matter by calcareous deposits.
 * 5)  To become stony, callous, or obdurate.
 * 6)  To make callous or obdurate; to stupefy; to paralyze; to transform; as by petrification.
 * 1)  To become stony, callous, or obdurate.
 * 2)  To make callous or obdurate; to stupefy; to paralyze; to transform; as by petrification.
 * 1)  To make callous or obdurate; to stupefy; to paralyze; to transform; as by petrification.
 * 1)  To make callous or obdurate; to stupefy; to paralyze; to transform; as by petrification.

Translations

 * Asturian: petrificar
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Danish: forstene
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: kivettää
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: πωρόω
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: превраща́ть в ка́мень
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Danish: forstene
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: πωρόω
 * Hindi:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Swedish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Danish: forstene
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish: kivettää,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Polish:, zdrętwieć, lodowacieć, zlodowacieć
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: nanigas
 * Ukrainian: ціпені́ти

 * Bulgarian: вкаменявам се
 * Finnish:
 * Hindi:
 * Latin: lapidesco
 * Russian: ,

 * Bulgarian: вкаменявам се
 * Finnish:
 * Russian: ,

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 使发呆
 * Finnish: ,

title: petrify


text:
reborn

Adjective

 * 1) Revived or regenerated, especially emotionally or spiritually.
 * 2)  Reincarnated.

Translations

 * Armenian: վերածնված
 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: uudestisyntynyt
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Macedonian: пре́роден
 * Old Norse: endrborinn
 * Polish: odrodzony
 * Portuguese: renascido
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: возрождённый,
 * Swedish: ,
 * Ukrainian: відро́джений

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: jälleensyntynyt
 * French:
 * German: reinkarniert
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:, újraszületett, reinkarnálódott
 * Macedonian: пре́роден
 * Polish: wskrzeszony
 * Portuguese: reencarnado
 * Romanian: reîncarnat
 * Russian: перевоплощённый, воскрешённый
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: переро́джений

 * Norwegian:

Noun

 * 1) A manufactured vinyl doll that has been transformed to resemble a human baby with as much realism as possible.

title: reborn


text:
magnetopause

Noun

 * 1) The boundary between the Earth's magnetosphere and the sun's plasma.

title: magnetopause


text:
characterize

Etymology
From, from , from. .

Verb

 * 1)  To depict someone or something a particular way (often negative).
 * 2)  To be typical of.
 * 3)  To determine the characteristics of.
 * 1)  To determine the characteristics of.
 * 1)  To determine the characteristics of.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Asturian: carauterizar
 * Belarusian: характарызава́ць, ахарактарызава́ць
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: iseloomustama
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Irish: tréithrigh
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:, caraterizar
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: comharraich
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: характеризува́ти, схарактеризува́ти, охарактеризува́ти
 * Welsh:

 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: iseloomustama
 * Greek:

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Czech:
 * Esperanto:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Ido:
 * Irish: tréithrigh
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese:, caraterizar
 * Scottish Gaelic: comharraich
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:, ,
 * Turkish:
 * Welsh:

title: characterize


text: characterise

title: characterise


text:
tumorous

Etymology
From, from , from.

Adjective

 * 1) Pertaining to or having the appearance of a tumor.
 * 2) Covered with tumors.

title: tumorous


text:
spectral

Etymology
Equivalent to.

Adjective

 * Of, or pertaining to, spectres; ghostly.
 * Of, or pertaining to, spectra; classified according to frequency or wavelength (of light etc)
 * Of, or pertaining to, spectra; classified according to frequency or wavelength (of light etc)
 * Of, or pertaining to, spectra; classified according to frequency or wavelength (of light etc)
 * Of, or pertaining to, spectra; classified according to frequency or wavelength (of light etc)
 * Of, or pertaining to, spectra; classified according to frequency or wavelength (of light etc)
 * Of, or pertaining to, spectra; classified according to frequency or wavelength (of light etc)

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: espectral
 * French:
 * Greek:
 * Irish: taibhsiúil
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese: espectral
 * Romanian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: espectral
 * Finnish:
 * Irish: taibhsiúil
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese: espectral
 * Romanian:
 * Spanish:

 * Bulgarian: спектрален
 * Czech: spektrální
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: spektri-
 * French: ?
 * German:, Spektral-
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese: espectral
 * Romanian:
 * Volapük: späktrumik

Etymology
From.

Etymology
..

title: spectral


text:
ghostly

Etymology
From, , from , from , equivalent to. Cognate with 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) Of or pertaining to ghosts or spirits.
 * 2) Spooky; frightening.
 * 3)  Relating to the soul; not carnal or secular; spiritual.
 * a ghostly confessor
 * 1) Spooky; frightening.
 * 2)  Relating to the soul; not carnal or secular; spiritual.
 * a ghostly confessor
 * 1)  Relating to the soul; not carnal or secular; spiritual.
 * a ghostly confessor
 * a ghostly confessor

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:ghostly

Translations

 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Esperanto: fantoma
 * Estonian: tontlik
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: აჩრდილისებრი, ლანდისებრი, სულიერი
 * Greek: ,
 * Hindi: भुतहा
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Irish: taibhsiúil
 * Italian:, fantasmatico, spiritico
 * Korean: 유령의
 * Middle English: gostly
 * Polish: widmowy, zmorowaty
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: taibhseil
 * Spanish: fantasmal

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hindi: भुतहा
 * Irish: taibhsiúil
 * Portuguese:
 * Scottish Gaelic: taibhseil

title: ghostly


text:
User talk:Gate2Valusia~enwiktionary

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wiktionary. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * Wiktionary Tutorial
 * Community Portal
 * Entry layout explained
 * How to edit a page
 * How to start a page
 * Wiktionary Sandbox (a safe place for testing syntax)

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wiktionarian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the beer parlour or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! --Connel MacKenzie 05:17, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Gate2Valusia. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Gate2Valusia~enwiktionary that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:48, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 07:06, 21 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Gate2Valusia~enwiktionary


text:
User:Andrejj

AndrejJ, Novo mesto, Slovenija

 * sl:Wikipedija:Uporabnik:Andrejj
 * en:Wikipedia:User:Andrejj
 * sl:User:Andrejj

 * Category:Translations to be checked (Slovene)
 * Wiktionary:Requested articles:Slovene
 * Category:Requests for etymology (Slovene)
 * Slovene vs. Slovenian

 * Slovene language * nouns * adjectives * conjunctions * numerals * particles * verbs * interjections * prepositions * pronouns * pl. tantum * Tbot

sl:User:Andrejj sr:User:Andrejj hr:Suradnik:Andrejj

title: User:Andrejj


text:
User talk:Andrejj

Hi! --Andrejj 06:48, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

Contacting administrators
Hi Andrejj, thanks for your question on my user page. I don't know where you would find administrators for the Slovenian (?) Wiktionary, I'm afraid. In the English Wiktionary, to find administrators, you click on Community portal in the left margin and then Administrators, but as you contacted me, you probably know that already. I don't know how things are organised on sl.wiktionary.org as I cannot read it :) Try hunting through the links in the left margin to see if you find anything there.  Sorry not to be of much help. — Paul G 08:46, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

Upper/lowercase

 * The default setting is to not distinguish upper and lower case page names (not just "entries," but all page names in all namespaces, even categories and templates). To change it you need to get the support of the sl.wiktionary community and request it to be changed.  —Muke Tever 20:29, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

Tnx for answer. At sl.wiktionary are only three active users at this time. How and where can we put request for setting? And how and where can we (I) put request for admin rights on sl.wiktionary? --Andrejj 20:50, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

 * To request adminship, go to Requests for permissions. To request lowercase titles you will want to speak with a developer, they can often be found in #mediawiki on freenode (see IRC instructions if you need help connecting to IRC); Brion for one has also been known to frequent the #wiktionary channel.  It's also possible it may be done by filing a bug request at bugzilla.wikimedia.org but you may need to find a developer anyway to draw their attention to it.  —Muke Tever 22:11, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

need a bit of help
Somebody asked me to help on the article palimpsest, because it's going to be a featured word soon. I fixed up the Romanian part, but I'm not sure about the dual and plural forms of the Slovenian word. Could you check them, please? :) — [ ric | opiaterein ] — 05:56, 11 October 2007 (UTC)

Slovenian entries
Hi! :) Two things: Cheers! --Ivan Štambuk 18:26, 11 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Redirects such as jánuar are not really used here (redirects are generally forbidden except under extreme circumstances). You can mark accent in the headword line using head= parameter for alternative display in, like I've did here. Like in other Slavic languages, accent marks are not part of a standard Slovenian orthography, but are very important for non-native speakers so we should add them. SSKJ is very handy for these ^_^
 * Slovene vs. Slovenian issue: SIL, UN, EU and WP favor "Slovenian" for various reasons, but there are already a number of entries here which use either header, and some editors regularly change "Slovenian" to "Slovene". What do you think would be preferable title, or it doesn't matter at all to you? It would be good to choose one and mandate it inside About Slovene (or About Slovenian :).

 * Tnx and hvala!
 * It would be nice to have one title (as you say it doesn't matter at all to me which one) but in Wiktonary we already have: Slovenian 85x vs. Slovene 1077x; also see Category:Slovene language!? --Andrejj 05:54, 12 March 2008 (UTC)
 * We try to use only Slovene as a header here, for consistency. Both names (Slovene and Slovenian) are legitimate in English, but we try to use only Slovene so that all headers and categories are the same.  On Wikipedia, they have a policy that accepts both spellings, but they do not have to worry about the same problems that we do. --EncycloPetey 05:57, 12 March 2008 (UTC)

 * OK, than it would be nice tu publish this policy. --Andrejj 06:06, 12 March 2008 (UTC)

 * See: Slovene vs. Slovenian --Andrejj 15:51, 13 March 2008 (UTC)

 * That's were the discussion is supposed to be continued, or is that a final policy page? ^_^ I have pretty strong arguments in favour of "Slovenian" - beside "Slovenian" being 10x more used in adjectival sense than "Slovene" (google "Slovenian language" vs. "Slovene language", and being much more used in relevant literature/by relevant institutions (both political/linguistic), it's morphologically more correct too; "Slovene" really means "of or pertaining to Slovene ethnos", "Slovenian" "of or pertaining to a Slovenia". Slovenian is a name of official language of Slovenia, not an ethnical designation (like Croat & Croatian, Serb & Serbian...the name of language is always Croatian, Serbian etc.). Maybe it would be good to settle this issue once and for all somewhere where more traffic is involved (e.g. WT:BP). --Ivan Štambuk 22:00, 20 March 2008 (UTC)

 * I agree with you, but it seems that at this moment at Wikitionary Slovene wins!? (Slovenian 85x vs. Slovene 1077x) --Andrejj 22:05, 20 March 2008 (UTC)

Translation requests!
Hi Andrejj. Could you possibly help me out with some translations? I'm looking for rye, gluten, and coeliac disease in Slovene. (I'm heading to Kobarid soon, and my girlfriend is allergic to gluten!) I've stuck them all in Category:Translation_requests_(Slovene), so if you get a chance to have a look at it, that would be great. Cheers, Ƿidsiþ 09:01, 31 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Done, see also http://www.drustvo-celiakija.si/ --Andrejj 15:03, 31 August 2008 (UTC)

 * You're a legend! Ƿidsiþ 19:15, 31 August 2008 (UTC)

Hey Andrejj
I figure as long as people are getting others to vote oppose, I might as well ask a real editor with real knowledge of Slavic language to weigh in and vote on our treatment of "Serbo-Croatian". (I have to put it in quotes so I don't offend anyone.) Votes/pl-2009-06/Unified Serbo-Croatian Regardless of your vote, thanks in advance for contributing. — [ R·I·C ] opiaterein — 20:49, 5 August 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Andrejj


text:
incestuous

Adjective

 * 1) Pertaining to or engaging in incest.
 * 2) Characterized by mutual relationships that are intimate and exclusive to the detriment of outsiders.
 * 1) Characterized by mutual relationships that are intimate and exclusive to the detriment of outsiders.

Translations

 * Belarusian: кровазмяша́льны
 * Catalan: incestuós
 * Czech: krvesmilný
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: sukurutsainen
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:, incestuale
 * Latin: incestus
 * Manx: croiaghtagh
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: incestuoso
 * Russian:, инцестуо́зный
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: кровозмі́сний
 * Welsh: llosgachol

title: incestuous


text:
Talk:WTFO

Should this be an Initialism? -- Nick1nildram 07:17, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * If it isn't, could someone please add an audio file with the pronunciation. Thanks. --Stranger 03:36, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:WTFO


text:
-cade

Etymology
Back-formed from, inferred to be a suffix

Suffix

 * 1) procession

title: -cade


text:
Talk:incest

The page currently says A sexual relation between a parent and his or her offspring. Is there a source for this definition? It is my understanding that the word actually means a sexual relation between close relatives, usually blood related -- Nick1nildram 07:52, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

Note
* BTW: I stumbled into the middle of this when I linked from Wikipedia - I just did a quick cleanup (grammar-wise) so I have no stake in this. However, if you're looking for a consensus, I think the definition regarding "sexual relations between relatives" is probably more accurate. Perhaps the best compromise would be to make that the #1 definition and move the current definition ("parent and offspring") to #2. Gate2Valusia 08:04, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speak of the devil! Someone just fixed it - the definition looks correct now. Gate2Valusia 08:17, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

Refining Understanding of Incest
Because I have recently modified the definition here and to help pin down the upper limit and lower limit boundaries for the meaning of 'incest', I'd like to look at how Albert Einstein's second marriage to his cousin Elsa is understood. Albert and Elsa's mothers (Pauline and Fanny Koch respectively, both daughters of Julius and Jette Koch) were apparently full sisters; their fathers were also relatively close cousins (something like second cousins) but not first cousins. I think that modern Kansas law would explicitly call Einstein's second marriage 'incest' since they say that, "All marriages between parents and children, including grandparents and grandchildren of any degree, between brothers and sisters of the one half as well as the whole blood, and between uncles and nieces, aunts and nephews, and first cousins, are declared to be incestuous and absolutely void." Popular press strongly implies that Einstein's relationship is incest on the basis that Ten Famous Incest Examples "While incest remains illegal and one of the most widespread cultural taboos worldwide, there are however many more recent examples of famous people who have engaged in romantic liaisons with family members. Among them was Albert Einstein who married his second cousin Elsa in 1919," So Einstein's second marriage is incest to Kansas and can be strongly implied to be incest on the basis that Albert and Else were only second cousins in popular culture. On the other hand, Wikipedia says that Washington, DC and about twenty states see first cousin marriage as legal. My opinion is that in the states where first cousin marriage is legal, the marriage is not incest; it is not "legalized incest". There are various regions where the total number of all marriages that are "cousin marriages" (presumably meaning first cousin marriages) are 50%. In those regions, I believe they still have the concept of incest, but it doesn't extend to first cousins. Leviticus explicitly describes numerous relationships that are incest, but does not explicitly mention first cousins. On these grounds, I justify my claim that only "sometimes" are sexual relations between first cousins considered incest (in partial contradiction of the wording of a banned editor from 2014)- in Kansas first cousin relationships are legally incestuous but in some cultures, what Kansas calls illegal is 50% of all marriages. The banned editor was right to give us some specificity here, but was not nuanced enough in that first cousin marriage is not always or "especially" considered incest- that kind of adverb should be reserved for sexual relations with immediate family IMO. --Geographyinitiative (talk) 16:24, 13 April 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:incest


text:
prism

Etymology
, from, from (a variant of , further etymology unknown) +.

Noun

 * 1)  A polyhedron with parallel ends of the same polygonal shape and size, the other faces being parallelogram-shaped sides.
 * 2) An object having the shape of a geometrical prism .
 * 3)  A  or an embankment shaped like a prism  or a number of prisms, such that its volume can be easily calculated.
 * 4)  A crystal in which the faces are parallel to the vertical axis.
 * 5)  A transparent block in the shape of a prism , typically with triangular ends, used to reflect or refract light.
 * 6)  A spectrum produced by light being refracted through a prism.
 * 7)  A  which is usually attached to a surveying pole as a target for a total station which emits a light beam at the device and calculates how long it takes to be reflected back in order to measure distance.
 * 8)  A perspective that colours one's perception.
 * 1)  A  which is usually attached to a surveying pole as a target for a total station which emits a light beam at the device and calculates how long it takes to be reflected back in order to measure distance.
 * 2)  A perspective that colours one's perception.
 * 1)  A perspective that colours one's perception.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: مَنْشُور
 * Armenian:
 * Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܢܣܝܼܪܵܐ
 * Asturian: prisma
 * Azerbaijani: prizma
 * Bashkir: при́зма
 * Basque: prisma
 * Belarusian: пры́зма
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan: prisma
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Chuvash: при́зма
 * Czech:
 * Danish: prisme
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: prismo
 * Estonian: prisma
 * Farefare: prisma, dɔkãwo, dɔpẽrga
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: პრიზმა
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: πρίσμα
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: प्रिज़्म
 * Hungarian:
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: priosma
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: プリズム,
 * Kazakh: призма
 * Khmer: ព្រីស
 * Korean: 프리즘,
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: پوازک
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Latvian: prizma
 * Macedonian: при́зма
 * Malay: prisma
 * Moksha: призмась
 * North Frisian: prisma
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: prisme
 * Occitan:
 * Persian: ,
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romagnol: prìșma
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: при̏зма
 * Roman:
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: balimbing
 * Tajik: призма, маншур
 * Tamil:
 * Telugu: పట్టకం
 * Thai: ปริซึม
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:, граняк, граностовп
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese: hình lăng trụ
 * Volapük:
 * Welsh: prism
 * Yiddish: פּריזמע

 * Finnish: ,
 * Macedonian:

 * Finnish:
 * Macedonian:

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: مَنْشُور, مَوْشُور
 * Armenian:
 * Asturian: prisma
 * Azerbaijani: prizma
 * Bashkir: призма
 * Basque: prisma optico
 * Belarusian: пры́зма
 * Bengali:
 * Breton: kengereg
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: prisma
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: prisme
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: prismo
 * Estonian: prisma
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: პრიზმა
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: प्रिज़्म
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: prisma
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: プリズム,
 * Kannada: ಅಶ್ರಕ
 * Kazakh: призма
 * Khmer: ព្រីស
 * Korean: 프리즘
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Latin: prisma
 * Latvian: prizma
 * Lithuanian: prizmė
 * Macedonian: при́зма
 * Malay: prisma
 * Malayalam: പ്രിസം
 * Maltese: priżma
 * Maori: poro
 * Marathi: लोलक
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: prisme
 * Occitan:
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Punjabi: ਰੰਗਾਵਲ
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: при̏зма
 * Roman:
 * Sinhalese: ප්‍රිස්මය
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tajik: призма, маншур
 * Tamil:
 * Tatar: призма
 * Telugu: పట్టకం
 * Thai: ปริซึม
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:
 * Urdu: مَنْشُور
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese:
 * Volapük:
 * Waray-Waray: prisma
 * West Frisian: prisma
 * Yiddish: פּריזמע

 * Finnish: takaisinheijastin
 * Macedonian:

 * Finnish:
 * Macedonian:

title: prism


text:
poussière

Etymology
, derived from, from , neuter form derived from.

Noun

 * 1) dust
 * 2) speck of dust
 * 3)  very little; next to nothing
 * 1) speck of dust
 * 2)  very little; next to nothing
 * 1)  very little; next to nothing

Noun

 * 1)  dust

title: poussière


text:
filmography

Noun

 * 1) A selective list of movie titles that share a similar characteristic such as the same genre, the same director, the same actor etc.

Translations

 * Catalan: filmografia
 * Corsican: filmugrafia
 * French:
 * Georgian: ფილმოგრაფია
 * German:
 * Greek: ταινιογραφία,
 * Ido:
 * Italian:
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Macedonian: филмогра́фија
 * Polish:
 * Russian:
 * Sicilian: filmugrafìa

title: filmography


text:
śnieg

Etymology
, from, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) snow

title: śnieg


text: nevicherà

title: nevicherà


text:
Talk:coño

coño is filipino slang for the rich kids of manila. Etymology- spanish.

¡coño! (vulgar)

 * 1) Expression of frustration or disappointment

That wouldn't be totally correct. The term is also used in good and bad surprise situations, for instance.

coño
[Tagalog sense!]

I know that Tagalog is a different language to Spanish so this sense is a bit odd:

 * upper-class, affluent

Can anyone confirm if it is Spanish used colloquially in the Filiopines or if it is a Tagalog borrowing from Spanish?--Williamsayers79 16:34, 7 March 2007 (UTC)

 * It probably wouldn't be Spanish if it's used contemporarily in the Philippines. Tagalog and Spanish are of course very similar, what with Spanish rule and all, so in that case a borrowing makes a lot of sense. DAVilla 19:59, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Konyo English offers some clues: "The word konyo itself came from the Spanish coño ". A Google search on "konyo" shows that this may be the preferred Tagalog (or Tagalog-English blend) spelling, and not the original Spanish spelling. See . But it does appear to be a Tagalog word in use, borrowed from Spanish. Dmcdevit 00:40, 9 March 2007 (UTC)

Have created a Tagalog language section to this page now and moved the content from the Spanish def to there.--Williamsayers79 16:04, 12 March 2007 (UTC)

RFV failed. Section deleted. —RuakhTALK 04:28, 9 June 2007 (UTC)

Papiamento
How about the Papiamento usage? Coño bu/pu mama, puta! for instance. Anyone knows the meaning of that? Mallerd 00:51, 8 December 2007 (UTC)

Requests for deletion - kept
Kept. See archived discussion of February 2008. 19:00, 6 July 2008 (UTC)

There is no Female
Adjective: I wrote using the noun template, because i couldn't use the adjective one. I never found a female use of Coño. The noun Coña has different meaning (Joke). Peregri. 04:14, 9 November 2008 (UTC)

NOT SLANG
It is a vulgar word, an offensive word, but it is not slang, any more than the English word shit is slang. It is a perfectly castiza [pure, true coinage] word from a perfectly clear Latin derivation.

 * It is not very offensive or vulgar, but it IS slang, just as shit is slang. You don’t know the meaning of slang. —Stephen (Talk) 01:37, 4 February 2011 (UTC)

 * It isn't slang in Spanish, perhaps, but it is slang in the Tagalog language. It has a colloquial meaning that differs from it's Spanish origin, and isn't vulgar at all. As Said in the definition above, it refers to the way of speaking or one who speaks Taglish and/or with an English accent, usually associated with upper-class citizens because such is the stereotype in Filipino pop culture.

title: Talk:coño


text:
Albanac

Proper noun

 * 1) Albanian (citizen of Albania, or a person of Albanian ethnicity)

title: Albanac


text:
Albanka

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) Albanian (female)

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) Albanian (female)

title: Albanka


text:
Alžirac

Proper noun

 * 1) Algerian (male citizen of Algeria, or a male person of Algerian ethnicity)

title: Alžirac


text:
Alžirka

Proper noun

 * 1) Algerian (female)

title: Alžirka


text:
Argentinac

Proper noun

 * 1) Argentine, Argentinian (male citizen of Argentine, or a male person of Argentinian ethnicity)

title: Argentinac


text:
Australijanac

Noun

 * 1) Australian (male)

title: Australijanac


text: Nemačka

title: Nemačka


text:
automne

Etymology
From, a borrowing from. The inherited equivalent was.

Noun

 * 1) autumn, fall

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) autumn

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) autumn

title: automne


text:
tašta

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1)  mother-in-law (mother of one's wife)

Usage notes

 * In Croatia, the word only appears in certain dialects while its equivalent,, is more commonly used in general.

title: tašta


text:
otac

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) fenced area for animals
 * 2) temporary hut for agricultural workers, fishers, animal herders

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) father

title: otac


text:
buđelar

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  wallet

title: buđelar


text:
klavir

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) grand piano

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) piano

title: klavir


text:
лесопромышленник

Noun

 * 1) lumberman, lumber dealer, timber merchant

title: лесопромышленник


text:
лесопитомник

Noun

 * 1) forest-tree nursery
 * 2) nursery garden
 * 3) arboretum

title: лесопитомник


text:
théodicée

Etymology
From +.

Noun

 * 1) theodicy

title: théodicée


text: Балканы

title: Балканы


text:
RORO

Noun

 * 1)  Risk-on, risk-off, a sharp distinction between market conditions dominated and not dominated by risk or volatility pricing of securities.
 * 1)  Risk-on, risk-off, a sharp distinction between market conditions dominated and not dominated by risk or volatility pricing of securities.

Coordinate terms

 * FLO/FLO float-on float-off

title: RORO


text:
croquer la pomme

Etymology
lit. 'to crunch the apple'. Referencing the, in which eats the , commonly thought of as an apple, from the. An allegory to the sin of knowledge and lust.

Verb

 * 1)  to give in to temptation
 * 2)  to make love

Conjugation

 * See

title: croquer la pomme


text:
fervor

Etymology
From, from , from , from ; see fervent.

Noun

 * 1)  An intense, heated emotion; passion, ardor.
 * 2)  A passionate enthusiasm for some cause.
 * 3)  Heat.
 * 1)  Heat.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan: fervor,
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Czech:, , , vřelost
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:, ,
 * Japanese:, , ,
 * Macedonian: жар, страст
 * Maori: wana
 * Middle English: fervour
 * Norwegian: brennende iver
 * Occitan: ,
 * Persian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:, ,
 * Spanish:, , ,
 * Turkish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech: ,
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Irish: díograis
 * Macedonian: жар, страст
 * Middle English: fervour
 * Persian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:, ,
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Middle English: fervour
 * Russian:, ,
 * Turkish:

 * French: (f),  (m)
 * Urdu: (n)

Etymology
..

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  passionate enthusiasm
 * 2) the act of boiling

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) boiling heat
 * 2) fermenting
 * 3) ardour, passion, fury
 * 4) intoxication

Etymology
From. Attested from the 14th century.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) fervour passionate enthusiasm

Etymology
From.

title: fervor


text: fière

title: fière


text:
kowhai

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) Any of several small woody legume trees in the genus  native to New Zealand that have yellow flowers. The national flower of New Zealand.

title: kowhai


text:
chandelle

Etymology
From. .

Noun

 * 1) An aerobatic maneuver in which a 180° turn is combined with a climb.

Verb

 * 1) To perform an aerobatic maneuver in which a 180° turn is combined with a climb.

Etymology
,, , from (with a change of suffix to , from Latin ). .

Noun

 * 1) a (tallow) candle
 * 2)  any candle
 * 3) candlelight
 * 4)  enlightenment
 * 5) a jack stand
 * a
 * a

Usage notes
In Europe, common modern wax candles are usually referred to as, with chandelle being less common except in idioms. In Canada, chandelle and bougie are both commonly used.

Noun

 * 1) light

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) candle
 * 2) candlelight
 * 3)  enlightenment

Etymology
Borrowed from, from. Displaced the native cognate.

Noun

 * 1)  candle

title: chandelle


text:
Adam's apple

Etymology
, which is found in the botanical sense from 1560 and the anatomical sense from 1600. According to the earliest sources, the anatomical usage derives from a common belief that Adam was punished by God for the fall of man by having a piece of the forbidden fruit lodged in his throat (see 1662 citation).

Noun

 * 1)  The lump in the throat, usually more noticeable in men than in women; the laryngeal prominence.
 * 2) Any of species  of fragrant houseplants, native to southeast Asia.
 * 3) Any of hybrid species, of cultivated bananas.
 * 4) A citron (, syn. of ).
 * 1) Any of species  of fragrant houseplants, native to southeast Asia.
 * 2) Any of hybrid species, of cultivated bananas.
 * 3) A citron (, syn. of ).
 * 1) Any of hybrid species, of cultivated bananas.
 * 2) A citron (, syn. of ).
 * 1) A citron (, syn. of ).

Translations

 * Albanian:, arrëza e fytit
 * Arabic: تُفَّاحَة آدَم, حَرْقَدَة
 * Egyptian Arabic: تفاحة آدم
 * Gulf Arabic: تفاحة آدم
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: Adəm Alması
 * Belarusian: адамаў яблык, кадык
 * Bikol Central:
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian: Ада́мова я́бълка
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chechen: логан шад
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 喉核, 喉欖
 * Mandarin:
 * Cornish: aval briansen
 * Crimean Tatar: almaçıq, qıqırdaq
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: tireoido
 * Estonian: kõrisõlm
 * Faroese: barkakýli, barkaknolli, barkaknøttur, barkaknetti
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ხვანჩი, ხორხის მაღლობი, ხორხის შვერილი, ადამის ვაშლი
 * German:
 * Alemannic German: Halsbëtzgi
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: πρόλοβος
 * Haitian Creole: pòmdadan
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: टेंटुआ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:, adamsepli
 * Ilocano: ammutil
 * Indonesian:
 * Ingrian: kulkkumuna, kulkkusolmi
 * Irish: úll na brád
 * Italian: pomo d'Adamo
 * Japanese: ,
 * Kavalan: tiquq
 * Khmer: គ្រាប់ពោន
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: sêva Adem
 * Latin: prominentia laryngea
 * Lithuanian: Adomo obuolys, gerklų iškyšulys
 * Macedonian: Ада́мово ја́болко, ја́болкце
 * Malay:
 * Maori: korirangi, tenga, tane o te kakī, kenakena
 * Mongolian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: adamseple
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: pomo de Adão, maçã-de-Adão
 * Romani:
 * Kalo Finnish Romani: aadamisko phamb, aadamisko ȟampos
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, , горта́нный вы́ступ
 * Scottish Gaelic: meall-sgòrnain
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: Адамова јабучица
 * Roman: Adamova jabučica
 * Sicilian:
 * Sinhalese: උගුරු ඇටය, උගුරු ගැටය
 * Spanish:, , ,
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: gulung-gulungan
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:, boğurdak
 * Ukrainian:, ,
 * Walloon:
 * Welsh:
 * West Frisian: adamsapel
 * Yakut: хабарҕа болчуоҕа

 * Swedish: fjärilsgardenia

title: Adam's apple


text: shouldn't've

title: shouldn't've


text:
Category:First person pronouns

First person pronouns

title: Category:First person pronouns


text:
Category:Second person pronouns

Second person pronouns

title: Category:Second person pronouns


text:
Category:Third person pronouns

third person pronouns

title: Category:Third person pronouns


text:
Herde

Etymology 1
From, from , from.

The modern consonantism is Central and Low German (compare 🇨🇬). Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) herd, flock group of livestock or other large mammals

title: Herde


text: Великобритания

title: Великобритания


text:
User talk:KYPark

= 2001 = = 2002 = = 2003 = = 2004 = = 2005 =

= 2006 =

= 2007 =

= 2008 =

= 2009 =

= 2010 =

= 2011 =

= 2012 =

호미로 막을 것을 가래로 막는다
The images you used in this entry show that you don't have the difference straight between a Hoe (tool) and a shovel, which leaves me to wonder if you're translating the native Korean terms correctly. A hoe is a blade mounted on a handle, usually at an angle to it. The hoe is used for breaking up the soil or displacing it without removing it, as well as for chopping things like weeds. A shovel is a blade mounted in line with the handle, used to dig the soil by thrusting into the ground and lifting some of the soil on the wide blade. There's some overlap in the uses of the two, but the basic function of each is quite different. I'm not familiar with the term "power hoe", but that would imply to most English speakers something analogous to a hoe, but driven by a motor. Chuck Entz (talk) 18:10, 18 August 2012 (UTC)

 * ✅ Following your comment, I weeded out the snake's legs or sajog (사족, 蛇足), that is, "long-handled power hoe" but for "shovel" with which 가래 begins and ends with the ploughshare. Nevertheless, it may well mean something between the common shovel and the ploughshare, that is, such a special shovel as powered by two or four co-workers in front dragging both sides of the blade, like the ox(en) dragging the ploughshare, as suggested by the image here.

 * These are the commonest soil handling tools in Korea. Some 5 years ago, I must've created some, if not all, of them, which in turn someone must've deleted rather than counter-edited, hence a definite injustice done not only to me but also the community at large! May I take this opportunity to ask you to restore, and counter-edit if needed, them? Thanks in advance.
 * Sorry to be late to reply. I had some wireless connection trouble, and then had to work on the relevant hanjas in advance. --KYPark (talk) 03:24, 22 August 2012 (UTC)

 * I looked through your "deleted contributions" (Special:DeletedContributions/KYPark, probably only visible to admins), but it doesn't look like any Korean entries you created have been deleted, except a few wrong-script ones like areum. I can't find anything related to any kind of digging tool. Perhaps another admin can check that I'm not missing something. - -sche (discuss) 04:36, 27 August 2012 (UTC)

Literal translations.
Hi,

In ====Translations==== sections, when you list a Korean translation, please don't give a literal re-translation back into English. That belongs only in the ===Etymology=== section of the Korean entry. (See Entry layout explained.) Thanks!

—Ruakh TALK 03:35, 27 August 2012 (UTC)

 * I see many other such translations out there, regardless of the relevant rule. That's just why I've so done so often so far. So sorry.... --KYPark (talk) 04:08, 27 August 2012 (UTC)

 * No need to apologize. Thanks for stopping. :-)  —Ruakh TALK 04:12, 27 August 2012 (UTC)

Edit summaries when section editing.
When you edit a section named, for example,, you'll get a preloaded edit-summary that looks like this:

/* Translations */

you can then add the rest of your edit-summary after that:

/* Translations */ Korean

this way, the edit-summary will begin with a link to the relevant section, with an appropriately-placed colon:

 * (→ Translations: added Korean )

By contrast, if you add your edit-summary into the middle of the  part, you get a broken link, and a strangely grayed-out summary:

/* Translations - Korean */
 * (→ Translations - Korean  )

This isn't really a problem — if you want to keep doing it the way you have been, there's no rule against it — but it kind of defeats the point. I thought you might want to know. :-)

—Ruakh TALK 03:00, 3 September 2012 (UTC)

 * How many year old bad mindless foolish habit of mine! I wonder why i've never ever been checked so long. Thanks a lot for your nice advice. Hope you remain as nice as this. ;-) --KYPark (talk) 04:04, 3 September 2012 (UTC)

Korean transliteration
We use Revised Romanization (국어의 로마자 표기법) as the standard for all Wiktionary transliterations of Korean. That means that every time a syllable ends in ㄱ, it needs to be transliterated as k. For example, see this diff. Thanks --Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 01:43, 4 September 2012 (UTC)

 * My way of transliteration has mattered so long, as discussed with User:Stephen G. Brown in 2006, as long as.
 * He strongly denied it, though the Revised Romanization explicitly requires it be used for the academic purposes of exactness.
 * So ironically, you'd be so surprised at this edit by Stephen himself last year:
 * You may better discuss his new, as well as my old, way with him than me, as he is one of the most admired here. Cheers!
 * --KYPark (talk) 03:24, 4 September 2012 (UTC)
 * I am definitely surprised that Stephen made that mistake, but that is beside the point. I would be happy if you, at least, agreed to use RR (yes, I know it's not as good as 한글, but it's official in the South Korean government and widely used by linguists). --Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 03:54, 4 September 2012 (UTC)

 * Please ask him (if possible, to say formally) if he "made that mistake" accidentally indeed, or if he made that decision depending on a new situation evolving. That is, in the beginning or at the moment of that discussion, there was no phonetic device yet but for romanization, which thus just had to do with orthoepy at the cost of orthography. Now, the situation is upside down, as Stephen and you would agree. Don't suggest as if "my way" were outside of RR. It is the academic part thereof. It isn't the point to compare simply, but to communicate bilaterally, that with hangul. A very small script for my way of consistency would completely free the editors from romanization of Korean forever! Isn't this strikingly attractive? --KYPark (talk) 05:00, 4 September 2012 (UTC) One more vital thing is that the way you say is too complicated for me indeed, honest. --KYPark (talk) 05:06, 4 September 2012 (UTC)

 * Hi. Regarding the above translit., I also wonder why 낮 is transliterated "naj", not "nat", 말은 is "mal-eun", not "mar-eun", 듣고 is "deudgo", not "deutgo". Was that an intentional mistake? My Korean is not great but I use the RR when I add Korean translations (planning to improve my Korean). KYPark, I noticed you use too many hyphens. Why is that? I reserve hyphens for vowel disambiguation, particles and when syllables start with ㅇ. --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 05:40, 4 September 2012 (UTC)

 * Hi there! Your wondering above are not directly mine but Stephen's; I just quote his to suggest it's originally what I've claimed as absolutely legitimate within RR, while it was unfortunately deadly denied here! Stephen was most responsible for this, I fear. But ironically indeed, he himself now practices my way he vehemently denied. "Was that an intentional mistake?" I'd say yes! It's because the situation has changed upside down. To be sure, however, don't ask me but him. And, yeah, perhaps I use more hyphens than essentially needed, but I do so in case of the Hanja string that is quite syllabic in contrast to native Korean. Unconsciously, I may be discriminating Sino-Korean from native Korean words. In a nutshell, I admit my hyphenation may be unprincipled after all. Regards. --KYPark (talk) 06:20, 4 September 2012 (UTC)

 * 감사합니다, KYPark, I wouldn't take transliteration differences too personally. It often helps people reading who are slightly familiar with the script or struggling to read it quickly, like myself. For people who don't know the Korean script, which method is used, doesn't really matter, as long as it's consistent (followed) and understood (people understand all changes and problems with reverse transliteration). I read your discussion with Stephen. Don't worry, Korean is not the only language where different letters may result in the same transliteration or they change sounds if they are followed by something else. It's normal. People should focus on the NATIVE script when learning, transliteration is minor. I prefer RR because it's now standard and will become even more widely used. Please continue your good work, we need more Korean contents. Perhaps we should write up the transliteration policies in more clearly and in more details in WT:AKO. The Wikipedia articles doesn't cover many cases and assumes knowledge of MR. --Anatoli (обсудить/вклад) 06:39, 4 September 2012 (UTC)

 * Thanks a lot for your concern and encouragement. --KYPark (talk) 06:57, 4 September 2012 (UTC)

But as the situation stands RR is still our standard, and as Anatoli says, it should be "consistent (followed)". If you want us to use a different system, bring it up at WT:BP, but until consensus in reached, please use RR. --Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 05:27, 7 September 2012 (UTC)

 * I suggest to you again and again that I have used nothing but RR. Upon your repeated request, however, I'll only very reluctantly use the very worse way of RR you suggest. In effect I feel like being pressed so hard by triviality, you know. --KYPark (talk) 06:10, 7 September 2012 (UTC)

Beer Parlour subpages for new topics
We don't use them. You know that yet you persist on creating them. Beer Parlour discussions take place on the Beer Parlour. Consider my block lenient in the extreme given your history. Mglovesfun (talk) 11:11, 26 September 2012 (UTC)

 * I have a subpage Beer parlour/What is the WT way of RR?, though. It is an archive in advance, and I've found it very efficient to avoid edit conflicts. I wonder why such subpages are illegal in Beer Parlour where there are lots of them in fact other than mine and usual archives. --KYPark (talk) 11:41, 26 September 2012 (UTC)

Reduplication
This is the process of making a new form from an old one by repeating part of the old form. Having more than one occurrence of a letter or even of a syllable in a word doesn't make it a reduplication. Chuck Entz (talk) 03:47, 30 December 2012 (UTC)

 * You may or may not be right. Frankly, I'm not terribly sure of my new additions, such as pipe, teeter, totter, tread, trot, being reduplications but frequentatives, the category of which is not yet available. Do you mind us having Category:English frequentatives to contain the above instead of Category:English reduplications? --KYPark (talk) 04:14, 30 December 2012 (UTC)
 * I don't think Frequentative is what you want, either. While reduplication is strictly a matter of manipulating form (with some influence on meaning), a frequentative uses a derived form to change the action from a single instance of the action to a repetitive version of the same action: drip vs. dribble, flit vs. flitter, etc. I don't think teeter or totter are frequentatives, though teeter-totter is a frequentative-based noun. I have no idea what pipe, tread or trot have to do with any of this- they're neither reduplicated nor frequentative, nor do they have reduplicated or frequentative derived forms. What quality of these words leads you to treat them as a group? Maybe I can find a term that does apply. Chuck Entz (talk) 02:41, 31 December 2012 (UTC)

Requesting definitions
Please use the template. Thanks, Chuck Entz (talk) 16:46, 6 January 2013 (UTC)

鯡
''This 청어 (靑魚) should not be confused with the homonym 청어 (鯖魚), that is, 고등어 "mackerel." ''
 * Given that the headword is 鯖, shouldn't it be "This 청어 (鯖魚) should not be confused with the homonym 청어 (靑魚)"? Chuck Entz (talk) 13:47, 19 February 2013 (UTC)
 * Yeah, vice versa, I think. --KYPark (talk) 13:53, 19 February 2013 (UTC)

毛蟲
Please do not redirect traditional forms of Mandarin entries. On Wiktionary we have separate entries for both forms. Thank you. ---> Tooironic (talk) 02:00, 26 February 2013 (UTC)

Etymology scriptorium
Like some editors, I think your pseudoetymological musings should no longer be posted to Etymology scriptorium. Posting them to your talk page would be much preferable. Alternatively, instead of inventing crackpot theories supported by European-continental relativistic and anything-goes-isting pseudophilosophy, you may choose to expand English Wiktionary with high-quality Korean entries. --Dan Polansky (talk) 21:03, 13 March 2013 (UTC)

 * Your harsh private talk opposing or denying my freedom of posting to the open forum would sound a threat far more than its public version. Do you mean it? By yourself, your view is your freedom. Otherwise, it should be morally or socially tested.

 * I think it silly to inform or post those facts to my talk page, as you ask me; I have to do them publicly just for popular reference. They are not speculative "crackpot theories" I invent at all, but just objective observations no one can deny. In this regard, you are simply one of those who have repeatedly invented strawman arguments to harass me. I wonder what the "crackpot theories supported by European-continental relativistic and anything-goes-isting pseudophilosophy" are precisely.
 * --KYPark (talk) 02:11, 14 March 2013 (UTC)
 * It seems more that it's you who's making straw man arguments. This has nothing to do with freedom of posting, and Wiktionary is not an open forum (see WT:NOT). I agree with Dan Polanski that you shouldn't be posting things in ES unless there is something concrete you want to improve about Wiktionary's content. Etymology Scriptorium is not for discussing etymologies, it's for finding ways to improve the etymology sections of Wiktionary entries. In other words, don't insinuate or imply, don't just say "how amazing is it that these two words are so similar" because that isn't of any use to Wiktionary. Suggest a concrete improvement, suggest a change to a specific entry. Anything else has no place on ES and only clutters it up, it should go on your own user page. And don't complain that you're being censored. You ARE being censored, just like everyone else on Wiktionary is being censored. Instead of trying to act like a victim, why don't you actually listen to what people say to you and try to improve your behaviour? Trying to act like you're right and everyone else is suppressing you won't get you anywhere, it will just breed more resentment and people will have no more sympathy for you (they already seem to have lost a lot of it, judging by the reactions I've seen). And as you know, Wiktionary operates by consensus, so I hope for your sake that you don't get people so frustrated about you that there comes a consensus to get you banned. It's up to you. 18:44, 16 March 2013 (UTC)

 * This sounds a classic  appeal to spite.
 * While referring me to WT:NOT as to the "open forum" unclearly, refer yourself to that as to the following clearly --KYPark (talk) 13:24, 26 March 2013 (UTC) :

 * What Wiktionary is not
 * 8. Wiktionary is not a battlefield. Every user is expected to interact with others civilly (1), calmly and in a spirit of cooperation. Do not insult (2), harass or intimidate those with whom you have a disagreement. Rather, approach the matter in an intelligent manner, and engage in polite discussion. Do not create or edit entries just to prove a point. Do not make legal or other threats against Wiktionary, Wiktionarians or the Wikimedia Foundation. Threats are not tolerated and may result in a ban (3). [my numbering to refer to the following explicitly]

 * 1) civilly: Civility
 * 2) insult: No personal attacks
 * 3) ban: BLOCK

More etymological speculation
I see you have not ceased posting implausible etymological speculation to Etymology scriptorium. Recently, you have posted the following, in :

withy

 * From wiþ ("?") + -ig ("-like"). Cognates may include:

 * withe:, German Weide: ("willow twig")
 * with: ("side by side"), Swedish vid: ("wide, beside"), and perhaps
 * wide:, German weit: ("wide"), Weid: ("pasture")
 * wood:, Old English
 * widow:, Latin dividere: ("to divide, separate")
 * Italian pettine: ("comb, reed")

This is what I meant when I spoke of your inventing crackpot theories. --Dan Polansky (talk) 09:30, 30 March 2013 (UTC)

 * You have now posted this: "Contrary to God's eye view, every human view is more or less speculative in itself." in . This is what I referred to as relativistic and anything-goes-istic. --Dan Polansky (talk) 14:21, 31 March 2013 (UTC)

 * Relativism goes so far as neither one thing (absolutist, monist) nor "anything goes" but our karma or culture goes. Then, your favorite phrase "relativistic and anything-goes-istic" is quite an oxymoron. Should you be unconvinced, you might be a helpless hence hopeless crackpot yourself, I fear. --KYPark (talk) 04:38, 1 April 2013 (UTC)

Korean entries from new user
Hi KYPark, but I noticed from watching Special:RecentChanges that you sometimes work on Korean entries, so I was wondering if you're interested in taking a look at some recent pages by a new editor: Special:Contributions/Retorik. I think the user does not know the correct templates to use with Korean entries. The same user also added some Japanese pages, which I have checked over and revised. The definitions were OK, but corrections to the formatting were necessary. Just thought you might be interested. --Haplology (talk) 12:44, 12 April 2013 (UTC)

Blocked
This user is currently blocked. The latest block log entry is provided below for reference:

 * 16:12, 28 April 2013 Atelaes (Talk | contribs) blocked KYPark (Talk | contribs) with an expiry time of 1 month (account creation disabled) (Irritating everyone)

View full log

 * After ✅ "Do you think you could sum [it] up in a simple sentence?"
 * at WT:Beer parlour/2013/April

There I wished them (CodeCat, Ungoliant, and Chuck Entz) in silence to reflect on themselves in silence, what'd be legally, fatally wrong with their conduct as referenced there, possibly a collective criminal offense, namely, bullying. Explicitly or tacitly, if not arbitrarily, backed by that irrational conspiracy, CodeCat deleted or removed a number of my agendas away from the global readership and editorship for little or no reason, daring to deny the human freedom of information as well as expression, public as well as private. Regardless of my will, anyone might charge them all anytime anyway, I fear. To avoid the worst, they'd better UNDO ASAP what they'd done unjust to me as well as this blocking, I guess. Or they'd likely collectively do harm to WT that should rule out such disruptives positively. I wish to be informed here of unblocking ASAP, before I finish my appeal.

--KYPark (talk) 10:52, 30 April 2013 (UTC)

 * What sense of charge do you mean in “anyone might charge them all anytime anyway”? — Ungoliant (Falai) 11:34, 30 April 2013 (UTC)

 * Perhaps they're deludedly imagining some kind of legal "charge" being given by someone...? User: PalkiaX50 talk to meh 11:43, 30 April 2013 (UTC)

 * Perhaps it'd depend on the degree of your bullying in fact. Anyway it'd be up to you what sense you make to your benefit, after The Death of the Author. --KYPark (talk) 11:56, 30 April 2013 (UTC)

 * You are alive, so please answer: are you suggesting that any legal action can be brought against CodeCat, Chuck Entz and me? — Ungoliant (Falai) 12:11, 30 April 2013 (UTC)

KYPark, as you have noticed, it was me who blocked you, as I have done in the past, and, I fear, will do in the future. You have the capacity to become an extremely capable and useful editor, if you would simply set yourself aside and work for the good of the project, according to the will of the community. All previous experience seems to predict that you will not, which is unfortunate. Please recognize that if you persist in wasting everyone's time, your next block will likely be permanent. Please also recognize that you are unlikely to convince anyone to undo my block, and you certainly won't convince me. I have successfully garnered community support for blocks against you in the past, and have reason to suspect that I can do so again. I will not respond to gibberish like the lines above this one. -Atelaes λάλει ἐμοί 12:58, 30 April 2013 (UTC)
 * May I also note that I actually warned you that this would happen? In a discussion above, I noted:
 * Trying to act like you're right and everyone else is suppressing you won't get you anywhere, it will just breed more resentment and people will have no more sympathy for you (they already seem to have lost a lot of it, judging by the reactions I've seen). And as you know, Wiktionary operates by consensus, so I hope for your sake that you don't get people so frustrated about you that there comes a consensus to get you banned. It's up to you.
 * And it seems like that is exactly what has happened. You've frustrated enough people that one of them blocked you, and there is nobody left who still has enough sympathy for your cause to unblock you. All I can say is, you'be brought this on yourself, and I hope that you take this time off to reflect on what you could improve. But one word of advice: if at any time you start to ask what the community has done wrong to you, then you're not doing it right. If you continue to blame others, that just tells everyone else that the block was right because you still don't get the point. Humility can go a long way in improving the situation, but it's not up to us to be humble, it's up to you. 13:24, 30 April 2013 (UTC)

A guide for the perplexed

 * RE:

 * WT:Beer parlour/2013/April

 * Google:

 * "About 72,900 results"

 * German verbs

The infinitive consists of the root and the suffix -en. With verbs whose roots end in el or er, the e of the infinitive suffix is dropped.

 * -en

From Middle English, a blending of Old English infintives and , from Proto-Germanic
 * Etymology 6
 * Suffix
 * -en
 * 1) (obsolete) Used to form the infinitive of verbs.

 * -en

A merger of various infinitive suffixes : ...
 * Etymology 1
 * Suffix
 * -en
 * 1) (obsolete) Used to form the infinitive of verbs.

 * West Germanic infinitive suffix - Wiktionary

... The infinitive suffix -en in German .... Originally, the infinitive suffix was just -ną in Proto-Germanic. Various vowels would appear before that suffix depending on the type of verb, giving -aną (...), -janą (...), -ōną (...), -āną (...), -janą (...), -naną (...). .... But ... all of the suffixes fell together into a single common -en and were no longer distinguished. So the answer to "what is the origin of the German infinitive suffix -en" is "all of them!".

—CodeCat11:25, 6 October 2012

 * All the underlines above are mine.

 * My view
 * The German infinitive ending -en is a suffix. It is also known as infinitive suffix, and calqued into 接尾辞 and 접미사, as simply translated back into "suffix".
 * No without  and the two affixes so that the etymology,, by way of   is valid.
 * The negative views need be formally, explicitly made void by Longtrend, CodeCat, and Chuck Entz themselves, though they may informally or personally carry them on in spite of the above proof, so that this discussion could be concluded from the given than hidden, and the global readers and editors could be conserved from being perplexed any longer.

--KYPark (talk) 04:00, 2 May 2013 (UTC)
 * Someone may be kind enough to copy and paste this section at the end of the relevant section as referenced above. Thanks in advance. --KYPark (talk) 04:00, 2 May 2013 (UTC) -- The third point rephrased --KYPark (talk) 04:23, 2 May 2013 (UTC) -- Underlined --KYPark (talk) 07:17, 2 May 2013 (UTC)

My discussions

 * CodeCat arbitrarily removed a number of my WT:ES agendas from the public -- global readership and editorship -- to the private User:KYPark subpages, as shown below. What would be CodeCat's objective criteria of such selective removals at all? This doubt, unless cleared up, may best explain why I came to be blocked after all. These arbitrary removals should be undone ASAP, together with this sudden and specious blocking.

 * April 2012
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium/mor > User:KYPark/mor
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium/Vienna > User:KYPark/Vienna
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium/Ordinal suffix > User:KYPark/Ordinal suffix

 * May 2012
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium/Archive 2012/May
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium/duke > User:KYPark/duke

 * June 2012
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium/Copenhagen > User:KYPark/Copenhagen

 * July 2012
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium (Tibetologist)
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium #cane and can in consilience > User:KYPark/cane and can in consilience
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium

 * August 2012
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium/sugar cane > User:KYPark/sugar cane

 * September 2012
 * WT:Beer parlour/2012/September
 * WT:Beer parlour/2012/September

 * October 2012
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium/Dipper > User:KYPark/Dipper
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium/cauldron (no progress)

 * November 2012
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium/taugen (no progress)

 * December 2012
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium/likely cognate with cognate > User:KYPark/likely cognate with cognate
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium (User:334a)

 * January 2013
 * Etymology scriptorium/Toward deep etymology > User:KYPark/Toward deep etymology
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium

 * February 2013
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium [Worm ser. 1]
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium [Worm ser. 2]
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium [Worm ser. 3]
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium [Worm ser. 4]

 * March 2013
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium [Worm ser. 5]
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium [Worm ser. 6]
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium [Worm ser. 7]
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium (CodeCat)
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium (Grolltech)
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium (Benwing)
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium #withe > User:KYPark/withe
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium #withy > User:KYPark/withy
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium (Fuzzypeg)

 * April 2013
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium (CodeCat)
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium (Eiríkr Útlendi)
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium #mulberry > User:KYPark/mulberry
 * WT:Etymology scriptorium
 * WT:Beer parlour/2013/April
 * WT:Beer parlour/2013/March -- See also: The line at bottom.
 * WT:Beer parlour/2013/April
 * WT:Beer parlour/2013/April
 * WT:Beer parlour/2013/April (No comment)
 * WT:Beer parlour/2013/April
 * WT:Beer parlour/2013/April

After I made reference to WT:Beer parlour/2013/March, which contains a specious conspiracy against me and ill or well leads to the CodeCat's removal of my agendas as mentioned above, Atelaes suddenly blocked me for the reason that I "irritate everyone". So dubious is if he knows enough what's been going on around me at WT:ES for the last 13 months in his entire absence therefrom.

That conspiracy failed in figuring out what's wrong with my agendas and discussions, and why they should be removed from WT:ES, from the public. This failure is a clear measure how arbitrary CodeCat's removals of mine were.

--KYPark (talk) 10:14, 4 May 2013 (UTC)

Text revolution
I'd coin simply "text revolution" for all the revolutions since 1974, including digital revolution, internet revolution, world wide web revolution, hypertext revolution, communication revolution, information revolution, cognitive revolution, or the like.

The "text revolution" sounds closest to "hypertext revolution," which in fact would be fairly said to have empowered:
 * the world wide web revolution (ironically rather too) narrowly, and
 * the Internet revolution (practically rather too) widely.

Anyway, wikis may definitely and deeply relate to such historical revolutions, perhaps very proudly. How proud are you? What's your merit anyway?

--KYPark (talk) 09:18, 5 May 2013 (UTC)

convex, concave etc.
I have undone your edits for two main reasons (other than putting the Han gyph into the English entry, which I presume was just a typo). I would suggest you look on Commons for some pictures of, say, convex lenses, and use them - they are more obvious, and 'real-world'. Cheers. Hyarmendacil (talk) 10:05, 18 August 2013 (UTC)
 * Concave/convex implies a smooth curve. The example you have given is, for want of a better term, nondifferentiable, and so is really not a good example.
 * Secondly, you are presuming the picture is being looked at from the top down. This is not immediately obvious - you need a note, viewpoint or some sort of surface indication.

This is our first encounter, isn't it? Frankly, anyway, I deeply regret your bold, perhaps too bold, counter-edit. Frankly again, I admit that I am bridging East and West, perhaps to the strange agony of some Western people, which has become my point of departure around here. Almost my last decade looks like a blockade by them against me, as well documented here and elsewhere.

In real life, at your age, I was a mechanical engineering student, too. And I'm still living by a mechanical engineering worldview, that is, Newtonian or Einsteinian determinism and Einsteinian "hidden variables," implicit, unknown or obscured, which may make our will look like being free, the world like being indetermined !

Meanwhile, I take it very seriously that we greatly suffer from ignorance and obscurantism. Say, in this case, I am uncertain which is really wrong with you, to be ignorant or obscurant.

Please google "convex" or "concave" and then select the "Images" option on top. And rethink your claim that "Concave/convex implies a smooth curve."

Partly, I agree that my concave/convex figuration may be "really not a good example" as "nondifferentiable," from the absolute or objective perspective. Partly, however, I disagree with you from the following perspectives at least:

 * not only the Eastern 凹 and 凸, namely, concave and convex, or, yin and yang,
 * but also the Western ∪ and ∩, namely, cup and cap, or, concave and convex,
 * as well as the equation with ♀ (ultimately, Mary Magdalene as Jesus' wife, figured as the Holy Grail, in point!) and ♂, respectively, by Dan Brown The Da Vinci Code, Doubleday, 2003. (The #1 New York Times Bestseller).
 * Regardless, our subjective optical illusion may mainly cause us to see [[file:rhombus-concave.png|30px]] as concave and [[file:rhombus-convex.png|30px]] as convex.

Objectively or theoretically, both the concave and convex sides stem from the Great Oneness, or Taiji, embracing both yin and yang. Simply, the lower concave side is lesser, while the upper convex side is greater, than the 180 degrees.

Subjectively or practically, however, we are cognitively biased to see either side rather than both at the same time, say, ∪ and as concave, and ∩ and  as convex.

Cheers. --KYPark (talk) 13:42, 18 August 2013 (UTC)

My concave and convex figures, after Dan Brown, would be the simplest of the kind, perhaps too simple or ambiguous, as you are afraid. But such ambiguity would be mostly reduced by aligning
 * [[file:rhombus-concave.png|30px]] with 凹, ∪, cup, riverbed, etc.
 * [[file:rhombus-convex.png|30px]] with 凸, ∩, cap, mountain, etc.

--KYPark (talk) 14:13, 18 August 2013 (UTC)
 * @Hyarmendacil: This response of his should tell you all you need to know about him, but see his block history for more.
 * @KYPark: Those edits are unhelpful in distinguishing the meanings of the words and the use of Han characters there was inappropriate. If you make a similar edit again I will block you. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 16:42, 18 August 2013 (UTC)
 * Concavity, my personal background, and the Da Vinci code? I'm not going to attempt an argument. See . Cheers. Hyarmendacil (talk) 22:41, 19 August 2013 (UTC)

Same warnings, all these years later
I wish I could give you the benefit of the doubt, but you've already proved that nothing has changed. All the warnings you have been given and blocked for remain in place, and here is another: if you undo any admin's edit instead of accepting it or engaging in discussion, you will be blocked. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 07:19, 25 June 2018 (UTC)

I don't consider you to be a vandal
You made strange theories and hypothesis because Westerners(Caucasians) have built Proto-Indo-languages, right? I understand. What you have to do is, you can also make your own proto-languages(but just don't put it in wiktionary). For instance, 빠르다 and 뼈. You can create your own proto-Indo language of 빠르다 and 뼈 as something starting with ㅂ, not ㅅ by linking to fast and bone, etc.

Please don't irritate Westerners since this is an "English" Wiktionary, not Korean Wiktionary. You should understand that Proto-Indo European languges(or Proto-Germanic languages) were built for some "purpose" by White scholars. And we should not attack that, but just try to understand.

I don't consider Proto-Indo European words as real. Their spelling is made-up. So trust only 60 to 70%.

So what we have to do is to concentrate more on adding Korean, Chinese and Japanese entries instead of English entries. After all, this is an English site. ^^

Also, please remember that China alone has the world's largest population, 1,435,071,365 and the current population of entire European continent(which is split by 44 different countries) is 747,288,276. And their languages are all different.

Or the other option is: When you're reading English words etymology and encounter Proto-Indo signs(*), just don't read it and ignore all of them, because their spelling is made up.

Although we are outnumbered by many Chinese descendants in Korea and losing politics and military power by Westerners, I still think that there's a chance.

Best, B2V22BHARAT (talk) 17:33, 25 September 2019 (UTC)

 * "When you're reading English words etymology and encounter Proto-Indo signs(*), just don't read it and ignore all of them, because their spelling is made up" -- Do you know IPA? Are you sure you should be editing this site? Do you know what is Grimm's law? Do you know what is comparative linguistics? Take a look at the languages here: Category:Reconstructed languages. Does all of them look Western do you? Of course Proto-Indo European words are not real. They are reconstructed terms based on sound laws. If you are serious enough, go enroll in a linguistics course, and become an expert in Proto-Koreanic language. 182.172.146.215 10:25, 26 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Non-white non-Westerner here. Proto-Indo-European is an empirically constructed representation of what a common ancestor of all the Indo-European languages be. It is a model, not an absolute truth, and thus subject to frequent change as we discover more evidence and learn more about language evolution. There's no special agenda by white people or something (there is plenty of research by South Asians, who usually aren't considered white or Western, on the subject). Anyone with a brain and sufficient linguistic knowledge can see the evidence for themself and find it quite reasonable. You don't seem to know the fundamentals of PIE so you aren't in a position to say it's BS. —AryamanA (मुझसे बात करें • योगदान) 13:30, 26 September 2019 (UTC)

 * I'm not degrading many brilliant scholars' efforts to create Proto-language of similarly sound languages. I'm mainly interested in the history of English words spoken by the White people(Caucasians). But every time I encountered Proto Indo European words, I felt the form of Proto-Indo European words differed very much to the current English words, and I wondered if this word was really the ancestral form of current English words. For example, according to Wiktionary, English word 'pain' came from Ancient Greek ποινή(poinḗ), which makes sense, but when it extends to Proto-Indo European root, the form changes to kʷoynéh₂, which looks like a bunch of different phonemes added to it. If we simplify kʷoynéh₂, it becomes kwoyneh, and I don't think I ever encountered English words starting with kw-. In addition, I have never said that PIE was a complete BS. There are some PIE words that takes very similar form to the current form, which increases credibility. But many times this is not the case which makes me question: Is this PIE really the ancestral form of English words that White people used it? B2V22BHARAT (talk) 03:51, 27 September 2019 (UTC)

title: User talk:KYPark


text:
korrupt

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) corrupt inclined to bribery
 * 2) corrupt morally or ethically rotten
 * 1) corrupt morally or ethically rotten

Etymology
From, from , perfect passive participle of.

Adjective

 * 1)  in a depraved state, morally degenerate, weak in morals

Etymology
Presumably from 🇨🇬

Adjective

 * 1) corrupt

Etymology
Presumably from 🇨🇬

Adjective

 * 1) corrupt

Etymology
From, the past participle of.

Adjective

 * 1) corrupt (engaging in or prone to dishonest behavior for personal gain from a position of power)
 * 2) corrupt (distorted)
 * 1) corrupt (distorted)

title: korrupt


text:
Korruption

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) corruption

title: Korruption


text:
korrumpieren

Verb

 * 1) to corrupt

title: korrumpieren


text:
Theorie

Noun

 * 1) theory

title: Theorie


text:
theoretisch

Adjective

 * 1) theoretical

Adjective

 * 1) theoretical

title: theoretisch


text:
Соединённое Королевство

Etymology
.

title: Соединённое Королевство


text:
Kalbfleisch

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Kalbfleisch is the 35489th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 634 individuals. Kalbfleisch is most common among White (93.22%) individuals.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) veal

title: Kalbfleisch


text:
scharf

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from , from.

Adjective

 * 1) sharp
 * 2) keen
 * 1) keen

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from , from `. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) sharp; able to cut (knife, edge)
 * 2) sharp (criticism, perception, intellect)
 * 3) sharp; in focus (picture, script)
 * 4) hot; spicy; pungent (taste)
 * 5) hot; sexy; attractive
 * 6) hot; aroused; horny
 * 7) live (bomb or ammunition)
 * 1) hot; sexy; attractive
 * 2) hot; aroused; horny
 * 3) live (bomb or ammunition)

title: scharf


text:
calcium carbonate

Noun

 * 1)  A colourless or white inorganic compound, CaCO3, occurring as chalk, limestone, marble etc; reacts with acids to liberate carbon dioxide.

Synonyms

 * when used as a food colouring

Translations

 * Catalan: carbonat de calci
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 碳酸鈣
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: uhličitan vápenatý
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German: Calciumcarbonat, ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Maori: konupūmā pākawa waro
 * Polish: węglan wapnia
 * Portuguese: carbonato de cálcio
 * Romanian: carbonat de calciu
 * Russian: карбона́т ка́льция
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish: carbonato de calcio
 * Thai: แคลเซียมคาร์บอเนต
 * Turkish:

title: calcium carbonate


text:
pres

Etymology 1
From, from (compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬).

Verb
(active voice form of mediopassive )

 * 1) to cut, carve, slice, hew

Conjugation

 * [¹]: indicative future forms identical to conditional present
 * [²]: indicative future perfect forms identical to conditional perfect
 * (³): Gheg alternative forms for Standard Albanian and Tosk)

Etymology 2
From, from (compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬).

Verb
(active voice form of mediopassive )

 * 1) to wait; to expect

Conjugation

 * [¹]: indicative future forms identical to conditional present
 * [²]: indicative future perfect forms identical to conditional perfect

Etymology
, from older.

Noun

 * 1) prisoner

Adjective

 * 1) imprisoned

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  press device used to apply pressure

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  press

Noun

 * 1) press exercise

Etymology 1
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) brass
 * 2)  copper
 * 3)  bronze
 * 4)  money
 * 1)  money
 * 1)  money

Adjective

 * 1) made of brass
 * 2)  made of copper
 * 3)  made of bronze
 * 1)  made of bronze

Etymology 2
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  press, oppression
 * 2)  press, crush, throng, bustle

title: pres


text:
skeeze

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  A sleazy or sexually promiscuous person.
 * 2) * 2000, "Frank Sinatra", in alt.gossip.celebrities
 * Jackie was an old skeeze with an IQ of about 85, and the only thing she was good at, apart from picking out Chanel suits, was lying under men who could put her on easy street.
 * 1) * 2002, George Pelecanos, Right as Rain
 * “You talkin’ about that skeeze over in the Yard?”
 * 1) * 2005, Bridgett, in alt.radio.talk.dr-laura
 * In her 1950's ideal, 19 was the age to be married. The entire time they have been dating she has been an adult. DL uses the word teenager for shock value, to make this guy look like a skeeze.

title: skeeze


text:
Talk:skeeze

skeeze authors and history
= From Wikipedia:Talk:skeeze =
 * 2005-08-20 08:36:27 User:Grenavitar (transwiki)
 * 2005-08-20 08:25:03 User:207.189.234.142

title: Talk:skeeze


text:
speechwriter

Noun

 * 1) someone who writes speeches for others, especially as a profession

Translations

 * Dutch: speechschrijver
 * Finnish: puheenkirjoittaja
 * French: rédacteur de discours
 * German:, Redenschreiberin
 * Romanian: redactor de discursuri
 * Russian:, состави́тель рече́й, состави́тельница рече́й
 * Swedish: talskrivare
 * Ukrainian: спічра́йтер

title: speechwriter


text:
Talk:speechwriter

speechwriter authors and history
= From Wikipedia:Talk:speechwriter =
 * 2005-08-10 02:17:58 User:Xlation m (Move to Wiktionary)
 * 2005-08-03 02:34:11 User:Hooperbloob m (stub article)

title: Talk:speechwriter


text:
sesquiennial

Etymology
From (compare  and ).

Adjective

 * 1) Occurring once every one and a half years (i.e. once every 18 months, or twice every three years); sesquiannual.
 * 2) * 2009, John K. Ling, Australian Sea Lion, Neophoca cinerea, in the Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals ISBN 0080919936:
 * The endemic Australian sea lion is one of the world's rarest and most unusual seals: rare in terms of very small numbers and unusual in its having a sesquiennial reproductive cycle.
 * [Australian sea lions' breeding cycle is a 17-18 month aseasonal one.]

title: sesquiennial


text:
Talk:sesquiennial

sesquiennial authors and history

 * 2005-08-13 16:36:51 User:David Johnson m
 * 2005-08-13 16:23:20 User:203.129.37.29 (Add sesquiennial)
 * 2005-08-13 16:17:46 User:203.129.37.29

Meaning
Wikipedia says "These pinnipeds are specifically known for their abnormal breeding cycles, which are varied between 5 months breeding cycle and a 17-18 month aseasonal breeding cycle, compared to other pinnipeds which fit into a 12 month reproductive cycle." (In other words, one and a half years.) - -sche (discuss) 21:36, 11 November 2015 (UTC)
 * 2009, John K. Ling, Australian Sea Lion, Neophoca cinerea, in the Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals ISBN 0080919936:
 * The endemic Australian sea lion is one of the world's rarest and most unusual seals: rare in terms of very small numbers and unusual in its having a sesquiennial reproductive cycle.

October 1977 is 18 months (one and a half years) after April 1976. - -sche (discuss) 21:44, 11 November 2015 (UTC)
 * 1977, CN & V, volumes 27-30, pages 39-40:
 * Delta Mu Delta, a national honor society in business administration, held its regular sesquiennial meeting at New York Institute of Technology DeSeversky Conference Center in Old Westbury, Long Island, New York, on Saturday, April 24, 1976.
 * The next sesquiennial meeting of Delta Mu Delta is scheduled for October, 1977.
 * The regular sesquiennial meeting of the National Chapter of Delta Mu Delta national honor society in business administration will be held on Saturday, October 29, 1977, at Bucknell University in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania.

RFV discussion: November 2015–January 2016
RFV-sense "occurring one and one-half times per year (i.e. every eight months)." - -sche (discuss) 22:25, 14 November 2015 (UTC)

 * Moved this next to sesquiannual discussion, which originally was sesquiennial to begin with. See above, let's resolve these two at the same time.  P Aculeius (talk) 13:06, 15 November 2015 (UTC)

 * RFV-failed. - -sche (discuss) 19:39, 11 January 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:sesquiennial


text:
POL

Noun

 * 1)   consumable supplies for vehicles and machinery, collectively.

title: POL


text:
Talk:POL

POL authors and history
= From Wikipedia:Talk:POL =
 * 2005-08-21 17:01:30 User:Uncle G m (Pol moved to POL)
 * 2005-07-08 07:59:43 User:Wetman
 * 2005-05-11 06:20:58 User:Hooperbloob m (+cat)
 * 2005-01-20 03:16:47 User:205.251.79.46

title: Talk:POL


text:
lo and behold

Etymology
The in the expression probably originated from the shortening of the word, commonly seen in  texts. Its presence in literature can be traced to at least as early as the 18th century. The literal meaning of the expression is "look and see", and it is always used as if in the imperative.

Interjection

 * 1) * 1766, "Miss N", Select letters Between the Late Duchess of Somerset, Lady Luxborough, Mr Whistler, ... and Others, Thomas Hull (editor)
 * Here was I sat down, full of Love and Respect to write my dearest Friends a dutiful and loving letter, when lo, and behold! I was made happy by the receipt of yours.
 * 1) * 1995, Robin Hobb, ''Assassin's Apprentice : The Farseer Trilogy Book 1, Del Rey Mass Market Edition, p. 117.
 * And when Regal and I rode down to get it, lo and behold, it's from Patience, to tell us Chivalry's dead.
 * And when Regal and I rode down to get it, lo and behold, it's from Patience, to tell us Chivalry's dead.

Translations

 * Arabic: عجب
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 你瞧瞧, 你瞧
 * Dutch: neen maar!, kijk eens!
 * Finnish: kas kummaa
 * French: et voilà!, tiens, tiens!,
 * German:
 * Greenlandic: sunaaffa!
 * Hebrew: והפלא ופלא
 * Inuktitut: iu
 * Italian: guarda caso
 * Japanese: 見よ, 驚くべきことに
 * Korean: 자, 보시라
 * Lithuanian: žiūrėk tu man
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: har du sett
 * Polish: patrzcie!
 * Portuguese: veja só
 * Romanian: ia te uită
 * Russian:, , , о чу́до, вот чудеса́
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Roman: i gle čuda!
 * Spanish: ¡y quién lo iba a decir!, ¡que sorpresa!
 * Swedish: hör och häpna
 * Turkish: bak sen, bak şu işe

title: lo and behold


text:
Talk:lo and behold

lo and behold authors and history
= From Wikipedia:Talk:lo and behold =
 * 2005-07-15 12:56:08 User:Radiant!
 * 2005-05-09 02:01:04 User:Sn0wflake

lo and behold
Rfv-sense. I thought that this expression meant something more akin to "Well, what do you know?!", a mocking surprise. Certainly not "suddenly". __meco 09:23, 6 January 2009 (UTC)

 * You are right. lo is an old word meaning look, and this phrase usually indicates that some (bad but predictable) event or behaviour has been witnessed. I am finding it difficult to come up with a suitable definition, though. Chambers has this: "(often facetious) used to signal a startling revelation". Equinox 10:02, 6 January 2009 (UTC)
 * FWIW: OALD: "(humorous) used for calling attention to a surprising or an annoying thing" --Duncan 11:57, 6 January 2009 (UTC)
 * Perhaps something alluding to the sense of the German schadenfroh:. __meco 10:17, 6 January 2009 (UTC)
 * Seems the English has absorbed this as schadenfreude:. Even gloating: would be relevant. __meco 10:23, 6 January 2009 (UTC)
 * It's not necessarily used gloatingly or with schadenfreude. Example: "He promised me he'd never leave me, and the next day lo and behold he's with another girl!" This speaker could be justifiably upset. Equinox 23:20, 11 February 2009 (UTC)

RFV failed, sense replaced with. —Ruakh TALK 01:09, 12 May 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:lo and behold


text:
agateophobia

Noun

 * 1)  A fear of insanity.

title: agateophobia


text: semi-final

title: semi-final


text: agliophobia

title: agliophobia


text:
algophobia

Etymology
From +.

Noun

 * 1) Fear of pain.

Translations

 * German: Algophobie
 * Portuguese:
 * Swedish:

title: algophobia


text:
outsider

Etymology
From

Noun

 * 1) One who is not part of a community or organization.
 * 2) A newcomer with little or no experience in an organization or community.
 * 3) A competitor or contestant who has little chance of winning; a long shot.
 * 1) A newcomer with little or no experience in an organization or community.
 * 2) A competitor or contestant who has little chance of winning; a long shot.
 * 1) A competitor or contestant who has little chance of winning; a long shot.
 * 1) A competitor or contestant who has little chance of winning; a long shot.
 * 1) A competitor or contestant who has little chance of winning; a long shot.
 * 1) A competitor or contestant who has little chance of winning; a long shot.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Basque: arrotz, kanpotar
 * Belarusian: аўтса́йдэр, старо́нні, чужы́, чужа́к, чужы́нец, чужані́ца
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:, outsiderka
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: eksterulo
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French: ,
 * Georgian: გარეშე, გარეშე პირი
 * German: ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:, ग़ैर, ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: coimhthíoch
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: アウトサイダー,, 局外者
 * Kazakh: аутсайдер
 * Khmer:
 * Korean: 외부인(外部人),
 * Latin: externus, extraneus
 * Macedonian: ту́ѓинец
 * Maori: tauiwi, rāwaho
 * Navajo: déʼéyóní
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: аутса̀јдер
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: outsider, outsiderka
 * Spanish:, persona de fuera, outsider
 * Swedish: ,
 * Thai:
 * Turkish: dışlanan, hariç tutulan
 * Ukrainian:, , чужи́й, чужи́нець, чужа́к
 * Vietnamese:

 * Esperanto: novulo
 * Finnish:
 * French:, ,
 * German: ,
 * Macedonian: ново́дојден, новодо́јденец
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Turkish: yeni gelen

 * Bulgarian: аутсайдер
 * Czech:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: ,
 * Macedonian: аутса́јдер
 * Polish:

Etymology
.

Noun

 * , one who is not part of a community or organization
 * , a competitor or contestant who has little chance of winning
 * , a competitor or contestant who has little chance of winning

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) long shot, dark horse, outsider

Verb

 * 1)  to go outside

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  company refusing to join a monopoly consisting of the majority of enterprises in a given industry
 * 1)  company refusing to join a monopoly consisting of the majority of enterprises in a given industry
 * 1)  company refusing to join a monopoly consisting of the majority of enterprises in a given industry

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

title: outsider


text:
Talk:outsider

outsider authors and history
= From Wikipedia:Talk:outsider = This should probably be merged with upholstery gren グレン 21:50, 18 August 2005 (UTC)
 * 2005-08-18 22:41:01 User:Aecis (Stub tag edited, but shouldn't this be moved to Wiktionary?)
 * 2005-08-18 21:50:17 User:Grenavitar
 * 2005-07-31 15:49:09 User:Westtexasbliss
 * 2005-07-07 14:04:49 User:152.163.100.135
 * 2004-10-08 16:03:12 User:Jimfbleak m
 * 2004-10-08 15:45:10 User:62.246.215.2 (de:)
 * 2004-10-08 15:44:28 User:62.246.215.2 (redirect)

title: Talk:outsider


text:
Talk:barb

I split off one meaning (Barbary horse) from what is now under Etymology 1, but further splits may be necessary (to me, the zoology meanings look as if they may have different etymologies). Ncik 18:00, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

 * , sense 7 is so unclear that I can't figure out what fish they're referring to, or if one could even find cites for it. You might have fun with this one. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 04:34, 13 March 2018 (UTC)
 * I used Whiting (fish) to get started; supplemented [[whiting]] (needs some cleanup); inferred which species: " (,, , and ) found along the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States."; looked up barb in DARE for confirmation. Since it wasn't too hard to finish the job, it was fun. DCDuring (talk) 14:18, 13 March 2018 (UTC)
 * As to citations, it's very hard to find uses, rather than mentions in lists of synonyms or dictionaries like DARE, for many vernacular names. In the US, government reports often have such synonym lists to help folks in agriculture, horticulture, fishing, etc connect their experience with a part of the report that concerns one of "their" species. Such mentions seem like good evidence that a term has been used, but don't meet our attestation standards. DCDuring (talk) 14:26, 13 March 2018 (UTC)
 * Barb is not one of the several vernacular names given at Fishbase for the species. DCDuring (talk) 14:42, 13 March 2018 (UTC)

berbe?
Regarding the sense of a Barbary horse (etymology 2), note this entry for berbe from Webster 1913. (It might well be Middle English, since W1913 did not make the distinction. I couldn't find it in Chaucer though.)

 * Compare Berber, Barb, a Barbary horse.
 * Zoology: An African genet (Genetta pardina).

Equinox ◑ 05:23, 13 December 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:barb


text:
b/w

Phrase

 * 1)   Commonly used with old 45 and 78 RPM records, referring to the flip side (commonly called "B-side") of the record.

title: b/w


text:
Talk:b/w

b/w authors and history
= From Wikipedia:Talk:b/w =
 * 2005-08-21 15:48:12 User:Erwin Walsh (Delete)
 * 2005-08-21 15:47:42 User:80.129.93.4
 * 2005-08-21 15:46:47 User:80.129.93.4

title: Talk:b/w


text:
Fernsehen

Etymology
, a calque of.

Noun

 * 1) television

title: Fernsehen


text:
fernsehen

Etymology
Compound of, derived from the noun.

Verb

 * 1) to watch television

Usage notes
Fernsehen or Fernsehen  are more common in spoken German. Since these constructions may be considered tautological, formal German prefers the verb fernsehen.

title: fernsehen


text:
haft

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) The handle of a tool or weapon.

Hyponyms

 * sword handle
 * ,, , axe handle

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:, , ,
 * Esperanto: tenilo
 * Finnish: ,
 * Georgian:
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: λαβή
 * Hebrew: (kat),  (yadít)
 * Italian:, , , guardamano, , , ,
 * Japanese:
 * Khmer:
 * Korean: ,
 * Latin: manubrium
 * Mongolian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: lurgann
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog: puluhan,
 * Thai:

Verb

 * 1)  To fit a handle to (a tool or weapon).
 * 2)  To grip by the handle.
 * 1)  To grip by the handle.

Derived terms

 * haftable

Translations

 * Bulgarian: слагам дръжка
 * Dutch: er een handvat aanzetten,
 * Galician:, mangar
 * Swedish:

Etymology 2
See (etymology 3).

Verb

 * 1)   (“(transitive) to accustom (a flock or group of farm animals, chiefly cattle or sheep) to a piece of pastureland; to establish or settle (someone) in an occupation or place of residence; to establish or plant (something) firmly in a place; (intransitive, reflexive) of a thing: to establish or settle itself in a place”)

Noun

 * 1)  hobble
 * 2)  restrictions
 * 3)  frenulum
 * 4)  constriction

Derived terms

 * (secondary constriction)
 * (posterior synechia)
 * (annular synechia)
 * (frenulum valvae ilealis)
 * (diffuse centromere)
 * (frenulum labii superioris)
 * (frenulum preputii penis)
 * (anterior synechia)
 * (centromerus comitans)
 * (altitude hold)
 * (synechotomy)
 * (restricted area)
 * (frenulum veli medullaris superioris)
 * (ballast lumen factor)
 * (mean free path)
 * (hymen)
 * (carunculae hymenales)
 * (frenulum labii inferioris)
 * (imperforate hymen)
 * (frenulum labiorum pudendi)
 * (frenulum clitoridis)
 * (centromere)
 * (spherula centromeri)
 * (acentric)
 * (frenulum linguae; ankyloglossia, tongue-tie)

Etymology
, from, from.

Noun

 * 1) embroidery
 * 2) embroidery
 * 3)  pavement pizza
 * 4)  worthless product of creative activities performed without much ambition
 * 1)  pavement pizza
 * 2)  worthless product of creative activities performed without much ambition
 * 1)  worthless product of creative activities performed without much ambition

Etymology
From.

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1) seven

title: haft


text:
Talk:haft

haft authors and history
= From Wikipedia:Talk:haft = This could well be expanded to something beyond a dicdec. Rl 20:12, 30 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 2005-07-29 07:19:19 User:LisaCarrol (A definition.)
 * 2005-07-29 02:31:01 User:66.6.180.204

title: Talk:haft


text:
Fernseher

Noun

 * 1) a television set, a TV
 * 2) a television viewer (person)

title: Fernseher


text:
Terrorismus

Noun

 * 1) terrorism

title: Terrorismus


text:
terrorisieren

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to terrorize

title: terrorisieren


text:
infestation

Etymology
From, from. Morphologically

Noun

 * 1) The presence of a large number of pest organisms in an area or field, on the surface of a host or anything that might contact a host, or in the soil.

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Esperanto: infesto
 * German:, Infestation
 * Italian: infestazione
 * Maori: pokipokitanga
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: инфеста́ция
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,

title: infestation


text:
Talk:infestation

infestation authors and history
= From Wikipedia:Talk:infestation =
 * 2005-08-21 18:21:07 User:Uncle G (Removed silliness.)
 * 2005-08-12 17:58:06 User:67.100.49.238
 * 2005-08-11 23:56:44 User:El C m (Reverted edits by 67.100.49.238 to last version by Bovlb)
 * 2005-08-11 17:28:59 User:67.100.49.238
 * 2005-07-13 05:19:34 User:Bovlb
 * 2005-07-13 04:53:17 User:DonWilson

title: Talk:infestation


text:
lockring

Noun

 * 1)  A textured or threaded washer used to prevent components from become loose during rotation. On bicycles they are found, for example, on a bottom bracket and a track hub.
 * 2)  A ring (usually of steel) that is part of a wheelrim on some types of heavy equipment; it locks down the tire's mounting.
 * 3)  Any of various types of jewellery or components thereof, such as rings with a locking feature or rings that lock a chain closed.

title: lockring


text:
Talk:lockring

lockring authors and history
= From Wikipedia:Talk:lockring =
 * 2005-08-05 20:21:18 User:Cavrdg m (dab Washer (mechanical))
 * 2005-07-15 00:30:42 User:DialUp m (stub & cat-should be expanded, important keeper device with lots of applications)
 * 2005-07-14 19:59:26 User:Evilphoenix m
 * 2005-07-14 19:57:17 User:JayVarner
 * 2005-07-14 19:56:33 User:JayVarner
 * 2005-07-14 19:55:27 User:JayVarner
 * 2005-07-14 19:54:44 User:Jasonglchu m
 * 2005-07-14 19:53:31 User:JayVarner

title: Talk:lockring


text:
Contra

Etymology
Short for Spanish.

Noun

 * 1) A member of any of various rightist guerrilla groups violently opposing the socialist Sandinista government of Nicaragua and secretly funded by the United States government in the 1980s.

Translations

 * Finnish:
 * Persian: کنترا
 * Spanish:

Proper noun

 * 1) Contra

title: Contra


text:
cariad

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  Darling.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) love, charity, affection
 * 2) (male) beloved (one); lover, sweetheart, darling, boyfriend

Noun

 * 1) (female) beloved (one); lover, sweetheart, darling, girlfriend

title: cariad