text:
Jewish

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. See also.

Adjective

 * 1) Following the religion of Judaism.
 * 2) Of or relating to Jews, their ethnicity, religion, or culture.
 * 3)  Greedy, miserly.
 * 4) Yiddish.
 * 1)  Greedy, miserly.
 * 2) Yiddish.
 * 1) Yiddish.
 * 1) Yiddish.

Translations

 * Albanian: ,
 * Arabic:
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: yəhudi
 * Bashkir: йәһүд
 * Belarusian: яўрэ́йскі, габрэ́йскі, жыдо́ўскі
 * Bengali:
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: juda
 * Estonian: juudi
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:, xudaico
 * Georgian:
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐌾𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃
 * Greek:
 * Ancient Greek: Ἰουδαῖος
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: gyðingaættar
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: Giúdach
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, ユダヤ人
 * Kazakh: еврей
 * Khmer: ជ្វីស
 * Korean:, 히브리
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: ,
 * Kyrgyz:, жөөт,
 * Ladino: djudio
 * Lao: ຢີວ
 * Latin: iūdaeus
 * Latvian: ebreju
 * Lithuanian: žydiškas, žydų
 * Macedonian: еврејски
 * Malay:
 * Maltese: Lhudi
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: ,
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: jødisk
 * Old Church Slavonic:
 * Cyrillic: жидовьскъ, июдѣискъ
 * Old English: Iūdēisċ
 * Pashto:
 * Persian:
 * Classical Persian:
 * Iranian Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Punjabi: ਯਹੂਦੀ, یَہُودی
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: Iùdhach
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: јѐврејскӣ, жѝдовскӣ
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili: Kiyahudi
 * Swedish:
 * Tajik: яҳудиёнӣ,
 * Tatar:
 * Thai:
 * Turkish: ,
 * Turkmen: ýewreý, ýahudiý
 * Ukrainian: євре́йський, іуде́йський, юде́йський, жиді́вський
 * Urdu: یَہُودی
 * Uyghur: يەھۇدى
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese: Do thái
 * Volapük:
 * Welsh:
 * Yiddish:

Noun

 * 1)  A Jew.

Proper noun

 * 1)  The Yiddish or Hebrew language.
 * 2) * quoted in 1947, William Lloyd Warner, Leo Srole, The Social Systems of American Ethnic Groups (page 232)
 * I can't speak Jewish; I can't even understand it.

Translations

 * Dutch:
 * French:
 * German: Jüdisch, Idisch
 * Maltese:
 * Ukrainian: ,

title: Jewish


text:
الله

Etymology
From the root. Widely theorized to be a contraction of, from with loss of initial hamza after the definite article. Others suggest it is a variant spelling of the more ancient, the extra ل (l) serving as an emphatic marker to emphasize distinction, first attested in the Mecca and Taif region, and later in the Quran. Both proposed roots were current in pre-Islamic usage, particularly الإلٰه (al-ilāh) in Nabataean Arabic-Aramaic usage from which the singular use has presumably spread. Ultimately from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬.

Pronunciation

 * Egypt, Levant, Sudan:
 * Central Arabia:
 * Western Arabia:
 * Eastern Arabia:
 * Morocco, Tunisia:
 * Classical:
 * (after a or u):
 * Egypt, Levant, Sudan:
 * Central Arabia:
 * Eastern Arabia:
 * Morocco, Tunisia:
 * (after i):
 * Egypt, central Arabia:
 * Levant, Sudan, Western Arabia:
 * Tunisia:
 * Morocco:
 * Levant, Sudan, Western Arabia:
 * Tunisia:
 * Morocco:

Proper noun

 * 1)  God

Usage notes

 * In Islamic contexts, this word may alternatively be translated into English as Allah. Note, however, that the Arabic word is just as neutral and general as English God, and does not express any particularly Islamic notion at all. is the word used by Christians, Jews, and other monotheists to describe the God of their own religions, and is cognate to the words used in Hebrew and Syriac. The Jewish sage  even used  to translate the  in his translation of the Torah.

Descendants

Borrowings:

 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:
 * Punjabi:

From : (see also the descendants at )

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1)  God

Interjection

 * 1) oh my God (to something beautiful and exciting)

Interjection

 * 1) oh my God (to something shocking)

Usage notes
The pronunciation with the final long vowel is used as an interjection to something beautiful and exciting, while the pronunciation with the short vowel is used as an interjection to something shocking

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1)  God

Etymology
Borrowed from ; ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1)  Allah, God

Etymology
Borrowed from ; ultimately from.

Proper noun

 * 1) Allah

Etymology

 * ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1) God, Allah

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1)  God, Allah

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  Allah, God

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: الله


text:
theocratic

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) Pertaining to theocracy.
 * 2)  Conforming to God-rule, by Christian behavior.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Armenian: թեոկրատական
 * Azerbaijani: teokratik
 * Belarusian: тэакраты́чны
 * Bulgarian: теократи́чески
 * Catalan: teocràtic
 * Czech: teokratický
 * Danish: teokratisk
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: teokratia
 * Estonian: teokraatlik
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: თეოკრატიული
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Ido: teokratiala
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian: teocratico
 * Latvian: teokrātisks
 * Lithuanian: teokratiškas
 * Macedonian: теократски
 * Malay:
 * Jawi:
 * Rumi:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: teokratisk
 * Nynorsk: teokratisk
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: тео̀кратскӣ
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: teokratický
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: teokratisk
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: теократи́чний

 * French:

title: theocratic


text:
Rhymes:English/ɒni

Pronunciation
,

Two syllables

 * Bonnie
 * bonny
 * Connie
 * Donnie, Donny
 * Johnnie, Johnny
 * Lonnie
 * Ronnie
 * Sonny
 * Sony
 * Swannee

Three syllables

 * gyronny

title: Rhymes:English/ɒni


text:
Canarsie

Etymology
From Canarsee, the Lenape people living in eastern Long Island.

title: Canarsie


text:
Familienname

Noun

 * 1) surname, family name, last name

title: Familienname


text:
fillip

Etymology
From, ; further origin , but probably. See flip. It is not clear whether the verb is derived from the noun, or vice versa.

Noun

 * 1)  The action of holding the tip of a finger against the thumb and then releasing it with a snap; a flick.
 * 2) A sharp strike or tap made using this action, or  by other means.
 * 3)  Something unimportant, a trifle; also, the brief time it takes to flick one's finger (see noun sense 1); a jiffy.
 * 4)  Something that excites or stimulates.
 * 1)  Something unimportant, a trifle; also, the brief time it takes to flick one's finger (see noun sense 1); a jiffy.
 * 2)  Something that excites or stimulates.
 * 1)  Something that excites or stimulates.
 * 1)  Something that excites or stimulates.
 * 1)  Something that excites or stimulates.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: щракване с пръсти
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 打響指
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish: napsutus
 * French: ,
 * German: Schnalzen
 * Italian:, schioccare, schioccare le dita,
 * Japanese: フィンガースナップ, 指を弾く, 指パッチン
 * Macedonian: чворга
 * Maori: toropana
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: knips
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian: puckanje prstima
 * Slovak: frčka
 * Spanish: papirote
 * Swedish: ,
 * Telugu:
 * Turkish: parmak şıklatması

 * Serbo-Croatian:

Verb

 * 1)  To strike, project, or propel with a fillip (that is, a finger released quickly after being pressed against the thumb); to flick.
 * 2)  To project quickly; to snap.
 * 3)  To strike or tap smartly.
 * 4)  To drive as if by a fillip (noun sense 1); to excite, stimulate, whet.
 * 5)  To make a fillip (noun sense 1) (with the fingers).
 * 1)  To project quickly; to snap.
 * 2)  To strike or tap smartly.
 * 3)  To drive as if by a fillip (noun sense 1); to excite, stimulate, whet.
 * 4)  To make a fillip (noun sense 1) (with the fingers).
 * 1)  To strike or tap smartly.
 * 2)  To drive as if by a fillip (noun sense 1); to excite, stimulate, whet.
 * 3)  To make a fillip (noun sense 1) (with the fingers).
 * 1)  To drive as if by a fillip (noun sense 1); to excite, stimulate, whet.
 * 2)  To make a fillip (noun sense 1) (with the fingers).
 * 1)  To drive as if by a fillip (noun sense 1); to excite, stimulate, whet.
 * 2)  To make a fillip (noun sense 1) (with the fingers).
 * 1)  To make a fillip (noun sense 1) (with the fingers).
 * 1)  To make a fillip (noun sense 1) (with the fingers).

Translations

 * Italian: schioccare
 * Maori: māpere, turapana
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: knipse
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:

 * Serbo-Croatian: pucnuti prstima, kvrcnuti prstima

title: fillip


text:
joygasm

Noun

 * 1)  A feeling of great joy.

title: joygasm


text:
khat

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) A shrub,, whose leaves are used as a mild stimulant when chewed or brewed as tea; also a drug produced from this plant.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: boesmanstee
 * Amharic: ጫት
 * Arabic: قات
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 巧茶
 * Czech: kata jedlá
 * Danish:, khat
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: ĉato
 * Estonian: katapõõsas
 * Finnish:, , , khatpensas
 * French: ,
 * Galician: qat
 * Georgian: კათი
 * German: Kathstrauch
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: khat
 * Indonesian: qat
 * Irish:
 * Japanese:, , アラビアチャノキ
 * Javanese: khat
 * Korean: 까트
 * Latvian: katas koks
 * Lithuanian: arabinis dusūnas
 * Malay: qat
 * Norwegian: khat
 * Pashto: قات
 * Persian:
 * Polish: czuwaliczka jadalna
 * Portuguese: khat
 * Russian:
 * Sinhalese: කාට්
 * Somali: ,
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:
 * Thai:, แกต
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:
 * Urdu: قات
 * Vietnamese: lá khát
 * Zulu: umhlwazi

 * German:
 * Swedish:

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) khat plant
 * 2) khat drug

Noun

 * 1) ; qat

Etymology
From, from.

Numeral

 * 1) one

Noun

 * , a shrub of eastern Africa and Arabia, used as a drug

Etymology
From, from.

Numeral

 * 1) one

title: khat


text:
qat

Noun

 * , a psychoactive stimulant obtained from the plant.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) layer
 * 2) bed.
 * 3) floor, storey
 * 4)  circle
 * 5) fold
 * 6) -fold

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) layer, floor

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) khat, a psychoactive stimulant obtained from the plant.

Noun

 * 1) khat;

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) floor (storey/story)

title: qat


text:
kat

Symbol

 * 1) Symbol for katal, an SI unit of measurement of catalytic activity.

Noun

 * 1) An ancient Egyptian unit of weight, one fiftieth of an avoirdupois pound.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) cat

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) floor, storey

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) executioner

Etymology 1
, from.

Noun

 * 1) cat

Noun

 * 1) khat

Etymology 1
, from, from , from , feminine of.

Noun

 * 1) domestic cat, pussy,
 * 2)  feline
 * 3) female cat
 * 4)  cat, tortoise
 * 5)  cavalier
 * 1)  cat, tortoise
 * 2)  cavalier
 * 1)  cavalier
 * 1)  cavalier

Etymology 1
.

Numeral

 * 1)  four

Etymology 2
.

Noun

 * 1) map

Etymology
.

Numeral

 * 1)  four

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Numeral

 * 1)  four

Noun

 * 1) sprout, growth

Etymology
From dialectal. Cognate to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) executioner, hangman, headsman
 * 2)  torturer, tormentor
 * 1)  torturer, tormentor
 * 1)  torturer, tormentor

Noun

 * 1) three-spined stickleback

Etymology

 * ,, from.

Noun

 * 1) scissors

Etymology
. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  floor, storey

Etymology
. Cognates include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) executioner, hangman

Noun

 * 1) khat

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) floor, storey, level
 * 2) fold, layer
 * 3) times

Noun

 * 1) cat

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1)  cat

title: kat


text:
Talk:神風

Okay let me guess at the definition here...

I'm guess that there are two senses, the original referring to a real or mythological wind which blew in a place called "元寇", and the newer sense of the WWII suicide pilots.

Please correct me if this is wrong, otherwise I'll split the defs soon. — Hippietrail 07:17, 18 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Thanks for explaining the kanji but it's still impossible to tell if the Mongolian-invasion sense is related to suicide attacks or to a type of wind. — Hippietrail 08:52, 18 Nov 2004 (UTC)

On the Wikipedia article I read that The characters 神風 can be read as either しんぷう "shinpū" or かみかぜ "kamikaze". My reading of the article is that the reading "kamikaze" in Japan only applies to the wind in the Mongolian invastion and that "shinpū" only is used to refer to the WWII suicide attacks. If this is the case, why did English adopt the wrong reading? Was "kamikaze" used in Japan at the time but no longer used? Did western translators find only the older term in Japanese dictionaries current at the time? Can anybody provide any help. — Hippietrail 12:49, 18 Nov 2004 (UTC)

There is one man's folk etymology on this page, where the romanization "shimpu" also occurs. — Hippietrail 13:02, 18 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * The wrong reading was adopted probably for the same reason ginkgo was adopted for 銀杏 (ginnan): ignorance.
 * The folk etymology is likely to be correct, although it may not be the fault of the US military - some native Japanese misread kanji too. 神 and 風 are read "kami" and "kaze" when alone, so "kamikaze" is a logical reading to someone who doesn't know to use the on-yomi reading. --Vladisdead 13:17, 18 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Can a Japanese or somebody else competent in Japanese confirm that 神風 may take the meaning of "Aircraft suicide attacks or attackers in Word War II"? I doubt it very much. This is the meaning of the english word "Kamikaze" which is not related in any way to the japanese word 神風 except for a misunderstanding. — Hokanomono 13:22, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * I've reverted your changes to the article just because you deleted too much information. I'll grant that the details are in dispute and I'm not good at writing definitions. When this article was first changed I spent the rest of the day researching the characters, the terms "kamikaze" and "shinpū" plus its many spelling variations in English (shinbu, shimpu, etc). I found information on Wikipedia as well as many other pages on the Internet - most hits are mirrors of the Wikipedia article but if you persist you will find more, from both Japanese and Western writers. I also took into account articles I found written in French and German. The reading "shinpū" for "神風" comes from the Japanese term "神風特別攻撃隊" (shinpū tokubetsu kōgeki tai). Which means "神風 special attack unit". It seems that it was the name of just one unit of the pilots. Other units had different names, but the information I could find was scarce and contradictory. This same phrase is the source of the current Japanese term "特攻隊" (tokkōtai), "special attack unit".

 * I've checked a few Japanese<->western language dictionaries. My big character dictionary say "divine wind, kamikaze" and does not mention a "shinpū" reading. My Japanese->English dictionary has no entry for "kamikaze" or "shinpū". My Japanese<->Spanish dictionay has no entries in either language for either term. Babelfish translates "神風" to English as "kamikaze" and "神風特別攻撃隊" as "kamikaze suicide attack squadron". Jim Breen's WWWJDIC translates "kamikaze" into Japanese as "特別攻撃隊", "shinpuu" finds only "新風", "new style". "神風" returns "divine wind" and "kamikaze" in English. When I search goo.ne.jp on their Japanese->English dictionary with "神風" it returns "divine wind" etc, then also "kamikaze" in italics with the kanji "特攻隊" and "suicide pilot" with the kanji "特攻隊員".

 * So it's all as clear as mud! I tend to believe that the western dictionaries err on the side of telling us westerns what we expect, and even goo seems to be doing this. I find the information on this bilingual site the most trustworthy. Further investigation greatly appreciated! I'll consult a friend's electronic dictionary as soon as possible. — Hippietrail 06:48, 21 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * In the middle of all this, a 19-year-old Japanese friend has just brought his electronic dictionary which included "神風特攻隊" and he insisted it is pronounced "kamikaze tokkōtai". He didn't know what I was talking about when I said "shinpū tokkōtai"! The dictionary also included "神風タクシー" which I'd heard mentioned as a re-borrowing back into Japanese. — Hippietrail 12:25, 21 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks Hippietrail. The article looks good now. — Hokanomono 16:58, 23 Nov 2004 (UTC)

comment transferred from entry
The following was commented out in the entry:

Etymology 2
From 神風特別攻撃隊 (shinpū tokubetsu kōgeki tai)

Noun
神風 (しんぷう, shinpū)

 * 1) An aircraft suicide attack squadron in Word War II.

Translations

 * English: kamikaze

Verb
Is this a verb in Chinese? RcAlex36 (talk) 16:44, 6 January 2022 (UTC)

 * Probably not. --沈澄心✉ 05:19, 7 January 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:神風


text:
shrub

Etymology 1
From, , (also unassibilated as ), from  and ; akin to 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) A woody plant smaller than a tree, and usually with several stems from the same base.
 * 2)  A word mispronounced by replacing some consonant sounds with others of a similar place of articulation due to interference from one's knowledge of an indigenous Kenyan language.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: struik
 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: شُجَيْرَة
 * Aragonese:
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bashkir: ҡыуаҡ
 * Basque: ,
 * Belarusian: хмызня́к, куст
 * Bengali:
 * Brunei Malay: puhun
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: arbedo
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Galician: gamallo, garamallo, albustre,, frundío, mato, matogueira
 * Georgian: ბუჩქი
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: θάμνος
 * Greenlandic: orpikkat, orpigaq
 * Hindi:
 * Hopi: himutski
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: tor, tom
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: бұта
 * Khmer: ចុល្លព្រឹក្ស
 * Korean:
 * Lao: ໄມ້ພຸ່ມ
 * Latin: arbuscula, frutex
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Low German: Struuk, Hucht
 * Macedonian: грму́шка, џбун
 * Malay: renek
 * Maltese: arbuxxell
 * Maori: mauwha, mere
 * Marathi: क्षुप, झुडुप
 * Middle English: schrub
 * Mongolian:
 * Norman: arbuste
 * Norwegian:
 * Old English: scrybb
 * Persian: ,
 * Plautdietsch: Bosch
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Quechua: qhura
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: грм
 * Roman:
 * Slovak:, krík
 * Slovene:
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: keŕ, kerk
 * Upper Sorbian: kerk
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: palumpong, lantana
 * Tajik: бутта
 * Tatar:
 * Thai: ,
 * Turkish:
 * Ugaritic: 𐎌𐎈𐎚
 * Ukrainian: кущ
 * Urdu: جھاڑی
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese: cây nhỏ, cây bụi, bụi cây
 * Volapük:, jöb,  smabim
 * Yakut: ыарҕа
 * Yiddish: קשאַק
 * Zulu:

Verb

 * 1)  To lop; to prune.
 * 2)  To mispronounce a word by replacing some consonant sounds with others of a similar place of articulation due to interference from one's knowledge of an indigenous Kenyan language.
 * 3)  To plant a shrub in a yard, garden, etc.; to prune a bush or other plant into a shrub.
 * 4)  To make or drink a shrub (liquor drink).
 * 1)  To plant a shrub in a yard, garden, etc.; to prune a bush or other plant into a shrub.
 * 2)  To make or drink a shrub (liquor drink).
 * 1)  To plant a shrub in a yard, garden, etc.; to prune a bush or other plant into a shrub.
 * 2)  To make or drink a shrub (liquor drink).

Derived terms

 * shrub up
 * shrub up

Etymology 2
From, , akin to , , and

Noun

 * 1) A liquor composed of vegetable acid, fruit juice (especially lemon), sugar, sometimes vinegar, and a small amount of spirit as a preservative. Modern shrub is usually non-alcoholic, but in earlier times it was often mixed with a substantial amount of spirit such as brandy or rum, thus making it a liqueur.

Translations

 * Arabic: شَرَاب
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Irish: srúb
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili:

title: shrub


text:
expropriate

Verb

 * 1)  To deprive a person of (their private property) for public use.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech: vyvlastnit
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: pakkolunastaa
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian: espropriare
 * Luxembourgish: expropriéieren
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: ekspropriere,
 * Nynorsk: ekspropriere, oreigne
 * Polish: wywłaszczać, wywłaszczyć
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

title: expropriate


text:
Talk:surname

The Japanese and Korean translations seem to be the same as the Chinese - surely this is a mistake? — Paul G 10:06, 18 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * I don't speak a word of Korean, but I do know that the language contains both hanja (borrowed Chinese characters) and hangul (the Korean writing script). Both are used in the translation, so I wouldn't worry. Tooironic 23:21, 17 June 2009 (UTC)

To verify: Obama as the swahili word to say surname: I don't know swahili, but if i click on the link it seems that Obama is A swahili surname

 * Obama is Luo, not Swahili. It is a completely different family of languages. —Stephen 17:29, 6 May 2010 (UTC)

incomprehensible usage notes
The current text is completely incomprehensible. --Espoo (talk) 07:33, 24 February 2020 (UTC)

occupational surname
Bishop is defined as an occupational surname. --Backinstadiums (talk) 11:41, 20 July 2020 (UTC)

1st sense
I don't believe the first sense is obsolete, as in this sense Dutch and German surnames still fit this definition and are called surnames.

I added a list
of the most common surnames in the US as of 2010. Okay? Solomonfromfinland (talk) 06:15, 9 October 2023 (UTC)

To clarify: Wiktionary articles on specific surnames hav a "statistics" part, on how many Americans hav said surname; so i figured that this article might as well hav a "statistics" part, on the most common surnames in the US.--Solomonfromfinland (talk) 06:17, 9 October 2023 (UTC)

 * @Solomonfromfinland Please bring this up in the Beer Parlour. There have been discussions on whether the Statistics sections for specific surnames belong so I'm not sure it makes sense to add this sort of encyclopedic info to a dictionay entry. Benwing2 (talk) 08:32, 9 October 2023 (UTC)
 * "discussions on whether the Statistics sections for specific surnames belong". Where can i find those discussions? Solomonfromfinland (talk) 13:14, 9 October 2023 (UTC)
 * Another thing: where do i find the Beer Parlour (or does Wiktionary use the more compact spelling "Parlor"?)? Solomonfromfinland (talk) 13:18, 9 October 2023 (UTC)
 * Go to WT:Beer parlour and click on the + sign at the top to start a new discussion. The previous discussions have been in the Beer parlour I think. Benwing2 (talk) 10:34, 10 October 2023 (UTC)
 * @Solomonfromfinland Benwing2 (talk) 10:34, 10 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:surname


text:
cedilla

Etymology
From, c. 1600. In Spanish cedilla referred to the letter ⟨Ç⟩, which had evolved from ⟨Ꝣ⟩, a Visigothic form of the letter Z (called a Z with ); hence the name. The lower part of ⟨Ç⟩ (which came to be reinterpreted as a diacritical mark under a C) is the remnant of the original Z, after it gradually reduced in size; whereas the upper part was originally just an ornamentation over the Z (which increased in size until it resembled letter C, and finally came to be identified with this letter).

Noun

 * 1)  In the spelling of Catalan, French, Portuguese and some other languages, a mark ⟨¸⟩ sometimes placed under the letter  to indicate that it is pronounced  rather than, as in Catalan , French , and Portuguese , and also used in various other languages to change the sounds of other letters.

Usage notes
Sometimes retained in words which have been adopted into English, specifically from French, such as /.

Translations

 * Arabic: سِدِيلَا
 * Belarusian: цэды́ллю
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: cedilla
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: subhoko, zoeto, cedilo
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:, , bal farok,  ,
 * Ido:
 * Irish: straithín
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: セディーユ
 * Korean: 세디유
 * Manx: seddag, straihleen
 * Occitan:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

Etymology
From ; cognate with modern 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) name of the letter

title: cedilla


text:
ウィクショナリー

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Proper noun

 * 1) Wiktionary

title: ウィクショナリー


text: 普通话

title: 普通话


text:
prunus

Etymology
Borrowed from. .

Noun

 * 1)  A type of traditional decoration on porcelain that depicts the leaves and branches of the Chinese plum,.

Etymology
Borrowed from, a loanword from a language of Asia Minor.

Noun

 * 1) plum tree.

title: prunus


text:
drupe

Etymology
Scientific Latin, from, from.

Noun

 * 1)  a kind of fruit, with a fleshy exterior, formed from the exocarp and mesocarp, surrounding a hardened endocarp which protects the seed.

Hypernyms

 * fruit

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Breton: drupenn
 * Catalan: drupa
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: peckovice
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: drupo
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:, drupa
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian: csonthéjas gyümölcs
 * Icelandic:, steinber
 * Ingrian: toomi
 * Irish: eithneachán
 * Italian:, , frutto con nocciolo
 * Japanese:
 * Macedonian: ја́ткесто о́вошје
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: steinfrukt, stenfrukt
 * Nynorsk: steinfrukt
 * Polish: pestkowiec
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: кошту̀ница
 * Roman:
 * Sorbian:
 * Upper Sorbian: póčkojca, póčkaty płód
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: labtasbunga
 * Vietnamese: quả hạch
 * Welsh:, ffrwyth cnewyllog, ffrwyth carreg

Etymology
.

title: drupe


text:
pivot

Etymology
From, , from (12th c.), possibly from.

Noun

 * 1) A thing on which something turns; specifically a metal pointed pin or short shaft in machinery, such as the end of an axle or spindle.
 * 2)  Something or someone having a paramount significance in a certain situation.
 * 3) Act of turning on one foot.
 * 4)  The officer or soldier who simply turns in his place while the company or line moves around him in wheeling.
 * 5)  A player with responsibility for co-ordinating their team in a particular jam.
 * 6)  An element of a set to be sorted that is chosen as a midpoint, so as to divide the other elements into two groups to be dealt with recursively.
 * 7)  A.
 * 8)  Any of a row of captioned elements used to navigate to subpages, rather like tabs.
 * 9)  An element of a matrix that is used as a focus for row operations, such as dividing the row by the pivot, or adding multiples of the row to other rows making all other values in the pivot column 0.
 * 10)  A quarterback.
 * 11)  A circle runner.
 * 12)  A shift during a general election in a political candidate's messaging to reflect plans and values more moderate than those advocated during the primary.
 * 1)  A quarterback.
 * 2)  A circle runner.
 * 3)  A shift during a general election in a political candidate's messaging to reflect plans and values more moderate than those advocated during the primary.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: стрыжэ́нь, шпяня́
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Czech:
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian: telg
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * German: Drehpunkt, ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: θαιρός, στρόφιγξ, γίγγλυμος, κνώδαξ
 * Hebrew:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: maighdeog
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ピボット,
 * Korean: 피벗
 * Latin: cnodax
 * Macedonian: стожер
 * Malay: pangsi
 * Polish: sworzeń, trzpień,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, , центр враще́ния, , , шпинь
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Roman: ,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish: svängtapp
 * Thai:
 * Ukrainian:, шпень

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:, главна точка
 * German:
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: гла́вный пункт, ключево́й моме́нт
 * Swedish:, kärnpunkt,

 * Bulgarian: пивотаж
 * French:
 * Romanian:, pivotări
 * Swedish: ,

 * German:, , , , ,

Verb

 * 1)  To turn on an exact spot.
 * 2) To make a sudden or swift change in strategy, policy, etc.
 * 3)  To change the direction of a business, usually in response to changes in the market.
 * 4)  To shift a political candidate's messaging during a general election to reflect plans and values more moderate than those advocated during the primary.
 * 1)  To shift a political candidate's messaging during a general election to reflect plans and values more moderate than those advocated during the primary.
 * 1)  To shift a political candidate's messaging during a general election to reflect plans and values more moderate than those advocated during the primary.
 * 1)  To shift a political candidate's messaging during a general election to reflect plans and values more moderate than those advocated during the primary.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: пивотирам
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian: pöörlema
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Italian:
 * Maori: kauhuri, kaurori, taka
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, , верте́ться/враща́ться вокру́г свое́й оси́
 * Thai:

Etymology
, of uncertain origin. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) fulcrum
 * 2) lynchpin
 * 3)  taproot
 * 1)  taproot

Noun

 * 1)  center
 * 2)  circle runner,
 * 1)  circle runner,

Etymology
From, from.

Verb

 * 1) to.

Etymology
.

title: pivot


text:
redex

Etymology
From "reducible expression".

Noun

 * 1)  Something to be reduced according to the rules of a formal system.

title: redex


text:
j00

Etymology
Alteration of you:
 * oo phonetic spelling of /uː/; 0 often used in place of o in leet;
 * j possibly based on its sound in some European languages.

Pronunciation

 * or

Pronoun

 * 1)  you
 * j00 7h1n|< ur 3l33t?
 * You think you’re elite? (you think you’re awesome?)

title: j00


text:
Talk:kamikaze

The etymology in this article is too simplistic. The English word uses a different reading than used in Japan. Japanese characters have more than one pronunciation or "reading". The reading "kamikaze" referred to a typhoon which saved Japan from Mongol invaders in the 13th century. The reading "shinpū" is used in Japan for the suicide attack pilots of WWII.

So far I haven't found an answer as to why the wrong reading became the common English word. I'm trying to discuss the topic in Talk:神風 and w:Talk:Kamikaze. — Hippietrail 13:29, 18 Nov 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:kamikaze


text:
Rhymes:English/eɪsən

Pronunciation
-āsən, /-eɪsən/, /-eIs@n/

Two syllables

 * basin
 * bason
 * caisson
 * chasten
 * hasten
 * Jason
 * JSON
 * Mason
 * mason
 * nason

Three syllables

 * enchasten
 * Marquesan

Four syllables

 * diapason

title: Rhymes:English/eɪsən


text:
Jason

Etymology 1
From the, from. The Jason mentioned in the New Testament (Acts 17:5-9, Romans 16:21) is probably a Greek rendering of Joshua.

Proper noun

 * 1)  The leader of the Argonauts, who retrieved the Golden Fleece from king Aeetes of Colchis, for his uncle Pelias.
 * , Scene II:
 * I know he will be glad of our success: / We are the Jasons, we have won the fleece.

Usage notes

 * The given name was very popular in the English-speaking world in the 1970s and the 1980s.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian: Язон
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 賈森, 傑森
 * Esperanto: Jazono
 * French:
 * Georgian: იასონი
 * Greek: ,
 * Ancient: Ἰάσων
 * Hungarian:
 * Inuktitut: ᔮᓱᓐ
 * Irish: Iasón
 * Italian: Giasone
 * Japanese: イアーソーン
 * Marathi: जेसन
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: Jasão
 * Romanian: Iason
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:, Јасон,
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish: Jasón
 * Swedish:, Iason
 * Turkish: İason
 * Ukrainian:, Іасо́н,

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 賈森, 傑森
 * French:
 * Georgian: ჯეისონ
 * German:
 * Greek:, ,
 * Hebrew: ג׳ייסון
 * Hungarian: Jáson,
 * Italian: Giasone
 * Japanese: ジェイソン
 * Maori: Hahona
 * Marathi: जेसन
 * Portuguese: Jasão, Jason
 * Russian:, ,
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish: Jasón,
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian:, Іасо́н,
 * Welsh: Jason, Iason

Etymology 2
Probably reduced from +  or a variant of.

Etymology
From, from the , from.

Proper noun

 * 1)  ; the leader of the Argonauts, who retrieved the Golden Fleece from king Aeetes of Colchis, for his uncle Pelias

Usage notes

 * son of Jason: Jasonarson or Jasonsson
 * daughter of Jason: Jasonardóttir or Jasonsdóttir

Etymology
..

Etymology
From the, from.

Proper noun

 * 1)  The leader of the Argonauts, who retrieved the Golden Fleece from king Aeetes of Colchis, for his uncle Pelias.

title: Jason


text:
ruminant

Etymology
From, present participle of , from.

Adjective

 * 1) Chewing cud.
 * 2) Pondering; ruminative.
 * 3) * G. K. Chesterton
 * “I wonder what a paradox is,” remarked the priest in a ruminant manner.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Asturian:
 * Bulgarian: преживен
 * Burmese: စမြုံ့ပြန်သော
 * Catalan:
 * Danish: drøvtyggende
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Manx: aachaignagh
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: drøvtyggende
 * Nynorsk: jortande, ørtande
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: ath-chagnach
 * Slovak: prežúvavý
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: жуйний, ремигаючий
 * Welsh: cilgnöol

 * Ukrainian: задумливий

Noun

 * 1) An artiodactyl ungulate mammal which chews cud, such as a cow or deer.

Hyponyms

 * See also Thesaurus:ruminant

Translations

 * Arabic: حَيَوَان المُجْتَرّ, مُجْتَرَّات
 * Asturian:
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian: преживно животно
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: remaĉulo
 * Estonian: mäletseja
 * Faroese: jóturdýr
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: jórturdýr
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 反芻動物
 * Korean: 반추 동물
 * Latin: rūmināns
 * Macedonian: преживар
 * Malay: ruminan
 * Manx: aachaignagh, caignagh keerey
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: jortar, drøvtyggar, drøvtyggjar
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: жвачное живо́тное
 * Serbo-Croatian: преживар, preživar
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene: prežvekovalec
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Thai: สัตว์เคี้ยวเอื้อง
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: жуйна тварина
 * Walloon:
 * Welsh: cilfil, cilfilyn, cilgnöwr

title: ruminant


text: languages

title: languages


text: talks

title: talks


text:
speaking

Etymology 1
From, , , , , , from , , from , present participle of. Equivalent to. Cognate with 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) Used in speaking.
 * 2) Expressive; eloquent.
 * 3) Involving speaking.
 * 4) Having the ability of speech.
 * 5)  Having competence in a language.
 * 1) Involving speaking.
 * 2) Having the ability of speech.
 * 3)  Having competence in a language.
 * 1) Having the ability of speech.
 * 2)  Having competence in a language.
 * 1)  Having competence in a language.

Translations

 * German: Sprech-, Sprach-
 * Hungarian:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * German: Sprech-,, -sprechend, , Rede-, rede-
 * Hungarian:
 * Russian:

Etymology 2
From, , equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) One's ability to communicate vocally in a given language.
 * I can read and understand most texts in German, but my speaking is awful.
 * 1) The act of communicating vocally.
 * 2) An oral recitation of e.g. a story.
 * 1) An oral recitation of e.g. a story.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: 말하기
 * Malay: bertutur
 * Russian: ,
 * Ukrainian: говоріння, мовлення

 * Bulgarian:
 * Hungarian:
 * Russian:

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Russian: ,

Translations

 * Bulgarian: на телефона
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hungarian: én vagyok az
 * Polish:, , z tej strony

title: speaking


text:
lyrical

Adjective

 * 1) Appropriate for or suggestive of singing.
 * 2) Expressive of emotion.

Translations

 * Finnish:
 * Irish: liriciúil, liriceach
 * Portuguese:
 * Swedish:

 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Irish: liriciúil, liriceach
 * Swedish:

 * Dutch:

title: lyrical


text:
waxing

Noun

 * 1) The action of the verb to wax.
 * 2)  A cosmetic procedure in which hair is removed from the body by the application and removal of wax.
 * 3)  A recording intended for a phonograph.
 * 1)  A cosmetic procedure in which hair is removed from the body by the application and removal of wax.
 * 2)  A recording intended for a phonograph.
 * 1)  A recording intended for a phonograph.

Translations

 * Danish: voksning
 * Finnish:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: voksing
 * Portuguese: enceramento

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 熱蠟除毛, 美蠟脫毛
 * Danish: voksning
 * Finnish:
 * French: épilation à la cire,
 * Georgian:
 * German:, Waxing
 * Japanese: ワックス脱毛
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: voksing
 * Portuguese: depilação com cera
 * Russian: воскова́я эпиля́ция, ,
 * Turkish:

title: waxing


text:
further

Alternative forms

 * farther (See also the usage notes below.)

Etymology
From, , from , , from , from (a common preposition), equivalent to  +  a vestigial comparative ending still present in such words as, , , and, in altered form, in; or as sometimes stated, as. Cognate with 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  To help forward; to assist.
 * 2)  To encourage growth; to support progress or growth of something; to promote.
 * 1)  To encourage growth; to support progress or growth of something; to promote.
 * 1)  To encourage growth; to support progress or growth of something; to promote.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 催進
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Italian: ,
 * Portuguese:, ,

 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: fremme
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: akceli, pliprogresigi, antaŭenigi
 * Finnish:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Italian: ,
 * Latin: prosperō
 * Malagasy: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:, ,

 * German:
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish: ,

Adjective

 * 1)  More distant; relatively distant.
 * See those two lampposts? Run to the further one.
 * He was standing at the further end of the corridor.
 * 1) More, additional.
 * I have one further comment to make.

Translations

 * Arabic: أَبْعَد,,أطولُ,إِضَافِيّ,,مَزِيد
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 更远的, 遠一點的
 * Danish:
 * Esperanto: plua
 * Finnish: kauempi,
 * German: ,
 * Latin: ulterior
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,

 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: далейшы
 * Danish: yderligere
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: пода́льший

Adverb

 * 1)  To, at or over a greater distance in space, time or other extent.
 * 2)  To a greater extent or degree.
 * Of the two civilisations, this one was further advanced.
 * I do not propose to discuss it any further. - Please, let me explain just a little further.
 * 1) Beyond what is already stated or is already the case.
 * Chapter 10 further explains the ideas introduced in Chapter 9.
 * Don't confuse things further.
 * Further, affiant sayeth naught. (A formal statement ending a deposition or affidavit, immediately preceding the affiant's signature.)
 * 1)  Also; in addition; furthermore; moreover.
 * It is overlong, and further, it makes no sense.
 * 1)   Following on (from).
 * Further to our recent telephone call, I am writing to clarify certain points raised.
 * This example is further to the one on page 17.
 * 1)  Also; in addition; furthermore; moreover.
 * It is overlong, and further, it makes no sense.
 * 1)   Following on (from).
 * Further to our recent telephone call, I am writing to clarify certain points raised.
 * This example is further to the one on page 17.
 * This example is further to the one on page 17.

Translations

 * Afrikaans:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ;,  ;
 * French:
 * Galician: alén
 * German:
 * Latin: porrō
 * Latvian: tuvāk
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: mais distantemente, mais de longe
 * Romanian: mai departe
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: más lejos

 * Bulgarian: освен това
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: i tillæg til
 * Finnish: ,
 * German:, , , , im Weiteren,
 * Italian:
 * Latvian: tuvāk
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish: adicionalmente
 * Ukrainian: да́лі, крім того́, по́тім, додатко́во

 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * French:
 * Italian:

 * Bulgarian: по-далеч
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: længere væk
 * Finnish:
 * Latvian: tuvāk
 * Portuguese: mais longe/distante
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:

 * Arabic: كَذَلِكُمْ,فضلا عن ذلك,َيْضًا;,هَكَذَا,َ كَذَلك
 * Bulgarian: освен това
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: derudover
 * Finnish:, sen lisäksi
 * Galician:, adicionalmente
 * German:, , , , , darüberhinaus, , ,
 * Portuguese:, , ,
 * Russian: ,

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: derefter
 * Finnish: ,
 * German:, Vollziehung, , Fortführung
 * Portuguese:

Usage notes
In respect of general adjectival and adverbial use, some usage guides distinguish and, with farther referring to distance, and further referring to degree or time. Others, such as the OED, recommend farther as a comparative form of far and further for use when it is not comparative. However, most authorities consider the two interchangeable in most or all circumstances, and historically, they were not distinguished.

Farther is uncommon or old-fashioned in certain subsidiary senses, such as the adjectival sense of "more, additional" and the adverbial sense "moreover". It is virtually never used as a replacement for "further" in the phrase "further to".

As a verb, further greatly predominates over farther in modern English.

title: further


text:
stature

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) A person or animal's natural  when standing upright.
 * 2) Respect (social ) coming from achievement or development.
 * 3)  Statue.
 * 1)  Statue.

Translations

 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bashkir: буй
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Galician: estatura,
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Latin: statūra
 * Maori: hanga
 * Polish:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:

 * Bulgarian:, велича́вост
 * Catalan:
 * Galician:
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Polish: wysoka pozycja
 * Russian: ,

 * Arabic:
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian:
 * Spanish:

Noun

 * 1)  height

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) stature height, tallness

title: stature


text:
surprised

Adjective

 * 1) Caused to feel surprise, amazement or wonder, or showing an emotion due to an unexpected event.

Synonyms

 * Thesaurus:astonished
 * Thesaurus:astonished

Translations

 * Arabic: مُنْدَهِش
 * Belarusian: здзі́ўлены
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 驚訝
 * Hokkien: 驚訝
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: üllatunud
 * Faroese: bilsin
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician: sorprendido
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Irish: ionadh a bheith ort, iontas a bheith ort
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: びっくりした
 * Kapampangan: mengapakirut, mengasdan
 * Korean: 놀라운
 * Malay:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: dått
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Slovak: prekvapený
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: здиво́ваний
 * Vietnamese:
 * Welsh:

title: surprised


text:
Talk:virus

The update on the "virii" form reflects the current usage of this alternate form which is used almost exclusively in the "computer" sense. As of Nov 18 2004, on all english pages searched by Google, that referred to a computer and some form of a virus, approximately 10% used the virii (viri) form.

Examination of these pages show that the term is not being used as a joke, or in a joking fashion.

 * I say virii sometimes, not necessarily in a joking fashion, but knowing that it's not the regular plural. I do think we need to note this form and virii should have its own article. But I don't think it belongs in the headword with the recognised plural. Also, it's rather common usage even outside the realm of computers, just not to the same degree and it's probably less acceptable too. The usage section is a bit biased to the computer sense. — Hippietrail 11:53, 9 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't think it's ever used outside of the computer realm, unless it has spilled over from the computer crowd's usage. It was most likely used as a joke in the beginning and picked up by people who didn't realize it was a mistake (which it is). - Nickster

Malware
I think this in the current usage note is just wrong: "Often mistakenly used where malware would be the correct word." It's analagous to hacker vs cracker and also does not account for the long period of time between when the word virus gained its computer sense and when the word malware was coined, also the long period of time between the two words being accepted in wider use as shown by inclusion in print dictionaries. — Hippietrail 16:53, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Seconded. Remove Usage Note. --Stranger 18:28, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

I have a question: Are viruses microbes?

Etymological question
Does anyone know why on earth the Latin looks masculine? Is it something to do with vir? I've always been curious. Medellia 01:14, 9 November 2006 (UTC)
 * No, it has nothing to do with that. It's an old PIE stem, cf sanskrit visam, greek ios. What's curious about it, is that in latin, it's restricted almost entirely to nom and acc singular. Properly plural, though, is vira. It's a weird noun, I wish the OLD explained why it looks masculine.--Ioshus (talk) 01:26, 9 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Thank you for the information. I think I'll have to consult the TLL next time I can wheedle my way into the graduate student library. Medellia 06:26, 9 November 2006 (UTC)
 * It is derived from an old neuter s-stem noun that was assimilated to the 2nd declension, retaining the neuter gender. Similar to "domus," which is a 4th declension feminine that migrated to 2nd declension, while retaining feminine gender. Tigger8252 (talk) 09:16, 19 April 2020 (UTC)

virus
I've just commented out the spurious plurals "viri" and "virii" from virus. They are not interchangeable with the standard "viruses". I think we've discussed the plural of "virus" before, but we should take note of what this Wikipedia article has to say before considering restoring either, and then only with clear usage notes. — Paul G 16:18, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Hmm. I think viri has rare English academic usage - 99 of the first 100 of the 6000+ b.g.c. hits are for non-English usage, but one is a US academic journal using it as a plural of virus (in the medical sense). It seems likely that the remaining 5900+ hits would gain enough for normal CFI.  For virii, about a quarter of the first 100 of 600+ b.g.c. hits are as English plurals of virus in the medical or computing senses, so it clearly passes normal CFI.  This compares with over 28000 b.g.c. hits for viruses.  No doubt, some (or most) will want to call viri and virii uncommon misspellings, but personally, I would tag them  and leave them. --Eng in ear 20:48, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

 * If we want to consider them variant plurals, then both do meet CFI; three of the first ten Google Patents hits for "the viri"go are English-language patents using it in this sense, and similarly with six of the first ten Google Patents hits for "the virii"go. The question is, do we consider them errors? If so, they must meet a much higher standard to be included, and I don't think they do (with viruses beating out viri by a factor of 17 and virii by a factor of 84). —RuakhTALK 23:14, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

 * They are pompous and pretentious but still used by various folk who are a little odd to say the least! Non-standard would be my prefered tag, and a warning to those of us who like to converse with each other in English we can all understand easily, that theses bizzare plurals are certainly not the norm. As for hypercorrectness, this unfortunately smacks of pompousness.--Williamsayers79 09:40, 19 April 2007 (UTC)

 * virii is used for the computer sort, not to be pretentious, but rather for amusement, as with boxen. The entry at virii is fine, I added a link to it in See also at virus, because there should be a link there somewhere. By all means leave it out of the inflection line. Robert Ullmann 09:58, 19 April 2007 (UTC)

 * struck Cynewulf 17:19, 1 June 2007 (UTC)

Latin
In Modern New Latin the plural vīra (vīrōrum, vīris, vīra, vīris, vīra) occurs for Latin virus = virus.

Refs: So: -84.161.33.177 16:52, 18 July 2015 (UTC)
 * [http:// de.pons.com/%C3%BCbersetzung?q=virus&l=dela&in=&lf= Pons: virus]: "Virus virus <-i> nt Pl.: vira"
 * [http:// www.interrete.de/latein/nuntiifinarch1.html Nuntii Latini: Finnish Broadcasting Company (Radiophonia Finnica Generalis). Archiv I. 19.5.2000 - 6.12.2002]: "NOVUM VIRUS COMPUTATORIUM: Novum viri computatorii genus nomine Code Red in praesenti in Interreti grassatur [...]. [...] Ita fieri potest, ut alia vira eaque etiam periculosiora in machinas computatorias irrepant."
 * Does this plural also exists in earlier New Latin (e.g. in biological texts)?
 * Is the plural attestable according to en.wp's critiera?
 * I see mentions not uses, but I am unaware a good corpus of scientific Latin literature (including medical Latin) that is easily searchable. I would think that the availability of venenum, veneni pl would reduce the likelihood that a Latin writer would feel compelled to invent a plural for virus. DCDuring TALK 18:14, 18 July 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:virus


text:
ones

Noun

 * 1)  A senior or first team (as opposed to a reserves team).
 * 2)  The cells located on the ground floor.

Etymology
From, a modification of after. Compare, from the unmodified Old English form.

Adverb

 * 1) once one time
 * 2) At any time, ever:
 * 3) once formerly
 * 4) one day in the future
 * 1) one day in the future
 * 1) one day in the future

title: ones


text:
treated

Adjective

 * 1) Subject to treatment or an action.

title: treated


text:
interested

Adjective

 * 1) Having or showing  (attention or curiosity).
 * 2)  Having an  (stake); being a ; motivated by considerations of ; self-serving.
 * 3) Owning a share of a company; being a.
 * 1) Owning a share of a company; being a.
 * 1) Owning a share of a company; being a.
 * 1) Owning a share of a company; being a.
 * 1) Owning a share of a company; being a.
 * 1) Owning a share of a company; being a.
 * 1) Owning a share of a company; being a.

Translations

 * Arabic: مُهْتَمّ
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Czech: zainteresovaný
 * Danish: interesseret
 * Dutch: ,
 * Faroese: áhugaður
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: interesado
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:, érdekli,
 * Icelandic: áhugasamur
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: spéis
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian: заинтересиран
 * Norman: întérêssi, întéthêssant
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Slovene: zainteresiran
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: zajmowaś
 * Spanish:
 * Ukrainian: зацікавлений

 * Dutch:
 * Irish: leasmhar

title: interested


text:
provided

Conjunction

 * 1) Only if (the stipulation that follows is true).

Translations

 * Arabic: شَرِيطَةً أَن, عَلَى شَرِيطَة
 * Bulgarian: само ако
 * Danish: forudsat at
 * Dutch:, op voorwaarde dat
 * Finnish: edellyttäen että, sillä edellytyksellä että,
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Greek:, υπό την προϋπόθεση ότι
 * Hindi: बशर्ते
 * Hungarian: feltéve, hogy,
 * Italian:, ammesso che, a patto che, , sempre che, sempreché
 * Occitan: solament se, a condicion que
 * Persian: به شرطی که
 * Polish: pod warunkiem, że
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: только если
 * Sicilian: sempri ca
 * Slovene: pod pogojem
 * Spanish:, con tal que
 * Swahili: maadamu
 * Swedish: förutsatt att
 * Turkish: -diği taktirde, şartıyla

title: provided


text: explanations

title: explanations


text:
similarly

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1)  In a like style or manner.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:, по същия начин
 * Catalan: semblantment
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, , ,
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:, , op dezelfde manier
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French:, ,
 * Georgian:, მსგავსად
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍉
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ὁμοίως
 * Hebrew: בדומה
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: mar an gcéanna, ar an mbealach céanna, ar an gcuma chéanna
 * Italian: similarmente,
 * Japanese:
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: ھەروەھا
 * Latin:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: similarmente
 * Russian: подо́бным о́бразом,, ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: mar an ceudna
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: слѝчно
 * Roman:
 * Spanish: similarmente,, , de la misma manera
 * Swedish: ,

title: similarly


text:
provide

Etymology
, from. .

Verb

 * 1) To make a living; earn money for necessities.
 * 2) To act to prepare for something.
 * 3) To establish as a previous condition; to stipulate.
 * 4) To give what is needed or desired, especially basic needs.
 * 5) To furnish (with), cause to be present.
 * 6) To make possible or attainable.
 * 7)  To foresee, to consider in advance.
 * , Act 5, Scene 10, in Gifford’s 1816 edition volume III page 144
 * "en"
 * 1) To furnish (with), cause to be present.
 * 2) To make possible or attainable.
 * 3)  To foresee, to consider in advance.
 * , Act 5, Scene 10, in Gifford’s 1816 edition volume III page 144
 * "en"
 * 1)  To foresee, to consider in advance.
 * , Act 5, Scene 10, in Gifford’s 1816 edition volume III page 144
 * "en"
 * , Act 5, Scene 10, in Gifford’s 1816 edition volume III page 144
 * "en"

- We have not been covetous, honourable fathers, to change, neither is it now any new lust that alters our affection, or old lothing, but those needful jealousies of state, that warn wiser princes hourly to provide their safety, and do teach them how learned a thing it is to beware of the humblest enemy; much more of those great ones, whom their own employed favours have made fit for their fears.

 * 1) To appoint to an ecclesiastical benefice before it is vacant. See provisor.
 * 1) To appoint to an ecclesiastical benefice before it is vacant. See provisor.

Usage notes
As seen in the examples, when not used with that for previous conditions, provide is used with the prepositions for (beneficiary; also without preposition, usual for pronouns) and with (object).

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: ,
 * Ingrian: elättää
 * Vietnamese: kiếm tiền

 * Afrikaans:
 * Armenian:
 * Basque: hornitu
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: forsørge
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Esperanto: provizi
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * Georgian:
 * German:, den Unterhalt sichern, , , heranschaffen,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: παρέχω, ὁράω
 * Hungarian:, , , , ,
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Khmer:
 * Mongolian:
 * Norwegian Bokmål: forsørge
 * Norwegian Nynorsk: forsyte
 * Occitan:
 * Old Church Slavonic: принести
 * Polish:, , aprowidować , zaaprowidować , zaprowidować
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Thai:
 * Ukrainian: забезпе́чувати,
 * Vietnamese:

 * Bulgarian: поставям условие
 * Danish:
 * Finnish:
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Italian: ,
 * Latin:
 * Swedish:
 * Vietnamese:

 * Afrikaans:
 * Arabic: زَوَّدَ
 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: forsyne
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:, ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:, , , ,
 * Italian:, ,
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Maori: whakarato
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:, ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

Etymology
From, from.

Adverb

 * 1) carefully, prudently

title: provide


text:
placing

Noun

 * 1) The action by which something is placed; placement; positioning.
 * 2) The condition of being placed.
 * 3) The position of a competitor at the end of a race.
 * 1) The position of a competitor at the end of a race.

title: placing


text: sysops

title: sysops


text:
comprehendo

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to lay hold of something on all sides; take or catch hold of, grasp, grip
 * 2) to seize upon in a hostile manner, lay hold of; occupy, capture ; arrest, detain, apprehend, catch; to intercept (a letter)
 * 3)  to discover, detect, come upon, reveal
 * 4)  to contain, comprise, to enclose, to include, to comprehend
 * 5)  to shut in, to include
 * 6) to conjoin, to fuse with the thing that has come close
 * 7)  to take root, to take hold
 * 8)  to become pregnant, to conceive
 * 9)  to catch (fire)
 * 10)  to combine, unite
 * 11)  to be connected to a structure serving cognition as follows
 * 12) to comprehend by sense of sight, perceive, observe, see
 * 13) to comprehend something by the mind, understand, perceive, grasp
 * 14) to include or comprehend in words, comprise in discourse, express, describe, recount, narrate
 * 15)  to provide, to establish, to determine
 * 16) * XLV.I.19  libro quinto decimo ad Sabinum
 * "la"
 * 1) to include or comprehend in words, comprise in discourse, express, describe, recount, narrate
 * 2)  to provide, to establish, to determine
 * 3) * XLV.I.19  libro quinto decimo ad Sabinum
 * "la"

- Si stipulatio facta fuerit: «si culpa tua divortium factum fuerti, dari?», nulla obligatio est, quia contenti esse debemus poenis legum comprehensis: nisi si et stipulatio tantundem habeat poenae, quanta lege sit comprehensa.

 * 1) to number, enumerate, reckon
 * 2) to comprehend someone in affection, embrace with kindness, to bind or put under obligation

title: comprehendo


text:
User talk:JesseW

is there really a point in giving various verb tenses seperate definitions? Seems like redirects would be enough. Regular dictionaries don't have seperate entries. There should be a good reason to do something if a pulp dictionary doesn't do it. Imagine if seperate definition pages were given for verb tenses in romance languages! --Eean 19:27, 18 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * I have no opinion on creating "soft redirects" vs "hard redirects"(i.e. standard, #REDIRECT sort of thing). I think it is important to have pages for all the tenses, so that any word can be looked up in the wiktionary.  That's where I've been getting the words; looking for words in text at the Beer parlor or other places that are red links.  I think the general consensus is neurtal on  creating the pages, and supportive of making them soft redirects, although I didn't find explanation of this.  My guess on this is that having soft redirects allows for quotations for each tense, but IDKWITA.  Thanks for asking me about it. JesseW 09:05, 19 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * I've been making hard redirects of pages not properly formated and ignoring pages which are. I think the policy right now is that it doesn't really matter enough for folks to argue about it. Ultimately a person will get to the correct page either way. I just worry about the future when it could lead to splitting up content that should/could be on one page into multiple pages.--Eean 17:46, 19 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * Could you point me to some pages you've made hard redirects? I'm not sure what you mean by "not properly formated". AFAIK, a page at Wikitionary should have all the content related to that set of characters, independent of tense, part of speach, or even language; so, by that def, hard redirects should not be made.  But, as I said, I don't really care. JesseW 02:27, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * By not properly formated I mean they don't list the ==language==, the ===part of speech=== and such or sometimes incorrect syntax. an example. I think in that example the user wasn't aware of how to make a hard redirect.

 * Yes, you are correct that Wiktionary should have all those things. Doesn't mean we need everything to have its own article. If there is no advantage to having a seperate article, no reason to have it. With each article it means more articles to maintain, split effort, more articles someone might to look at to find their wanted definition etc. It isn't too hard to think of some circumstances were a verb tense or pluralization might need some extra defining that wouldn't be appropriate to have in the main article. In those instances, it should.--Eean 00:28, 22 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the example, now I see what you mean. I think I'll make hard redirects for regular tenses or plurals now, but soft redirects for irregular ones.  We'll probably have to fix this up later, but that's later.  JesseW 02:58, 25 Nov 2004 (UTC)

WT:QUOTE
Hello! I've used for the habnab quote, as this is the easiest way to format things according to the Wiktionary layout policy for quotes. Thanks for your work so far! Conrad.Irwin 23:30, 16 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanks, I was looking for the proper format for that... I'll use it from now on. JesseW 23:49, 16 June 2008 (UTC)

Help:titleparts etc.
Hi,

Thanks for your contributions!

I'm wondering — Help:titleparts etc. don't seem to be linked from anywhere; and it seems unlikely that the software makes use of them, because the software only uses pages in the MediaWiki: namespace, which only admins can edit. So, what am I missing? What purpose do they serve?

—Ruakh TALK 02:21, 17 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Replied on your talk page. JesseW 02:26, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

WT:ELE
Please note the large banner at the top of this policy page. It noted that changes to the policy document should not be made without a vote (usually following discussion). --EncycloPetey 08:51, 21 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Replied on your talk page. JesseW 09:02, 21 July 2008 (UTC)
 * If you add instructive content that was not previously on the page, then you have changed it! The page is already protected somewhat.  And yes, making any changes to the content without vote is frowned upon, unless they are corrections to typos, changed links, or other obvious errors.  Adding new format examples is a significant change, and needs a proposal and vote. --EncycloPetey 17:01, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

Please take a look at mean and its citations page to see a use of arguments with this template. I was looking for a way to conveniently have a link in a section header that went to a section of the main namespace entry. It would actually be nice for the link from to go to the appropriate section on Citations and from each header to the appropriate section of the entry. I would not have to use for the purpose, but it is handy. DCDuring TALK 19:49, 3 August 2008 (UTC)

Citations redirects
Perhaps you should read the current discussion happening on the policy page. In my opinion, even if there are mixed forms on the lemma page, there should still be a page for the forms. In any case, the issue is far from settled. -Atelaes λάλει ἐμοί 05:46, 16 August 2008 (UTC)

Could you find the citations for compact then please?
That would be better and helpful. Thank you. I am also having a difficult time finding the quotes for them. -- Steel Blade 18:29, 31 January 2009 (UTC)
 * No, if you want to add new definitions, you need to find citations. I have found citations for various words (see my Contributions list), you can too.  Do you know how to use Google Book Search?  Try typing "compact" into it.  If you want help finding citations, read over the existing help pages (start with Entry layout explained), then ask in the appropriate forums.  Some of your changes have been useful, but simply adding more definitions is not generally helpful, unless we have the citations to show they are really needed. JesseW 18:36, 31 January 2009 (UTC)

Am I really useless in every way then? Steel Blade 18:59, 31 January 2009 (UTC)
 * I'll repeat what I said above: "Some of your changes have been useful, but simply adding more definitions is not generally helpful, unless we have the citations to show they are really needed.". How you could interpret that as  "useless in every way" is, um, puzzling to me. JesseW 18:16, 1 February 2009 (UTC)

Pardon me, JesseW
I wasn't trying to mislead others when in the edit summary. I meant I created a citation for enormously. Please be careful with the claims and statements you said about me. Also, I am never intentionally discourteous. When the citation section is created, its color code become blue, meaning it's there. Steel Blade 19:05, 1 February 2009 (UTC)
 * Yes, I see that now. I do apologize for not noticing the Citations pages.  And I certainly believe you are not being intentionally discourteous.  So am I -- I hope I'm not being accidentally discourteous, either. JesseW 19:12, 1 February 2009 (UTC)

You're not. You can be, but not too much.Steel Blade 11:44, 2 February 2009 (UTC)

PIE categorizing
May I ask why you're putting everything in a master category? With all other languages we simply have the POS's in a master cat, and I don't really see why we wouldn't want to do the same with PIE. -Atelaes λάλει ἐμοί 07:06, 16 March 2009 (UTC)
 * I'll be glad to explain (and I've stopped doing it for the moment, as I have no desire to do it unless it's uncontroversial). I've been generally checking over the contents of the Appendix namespace and trying to make sure everything in it is cleanly categorized somewhere under Category:Appendices. (A few weeks back, I moved a large pile of "Variations of X" appendices out of the main category (there were already in their own specific subcat)).  I came across the ~140 PIE pages, noticed that they didn't seem to be categorized anywhere in the Appendix hierarchy, and decided to fix this.  Most languages go in the main namespace, rather than the Appendix namespace; I assumed, since we are putting PIE in the Appendix namespace, we should treat it like any other appendix.  Hope this clears things up; please let me know if you have no further objection to me finishing the categorization job. JesseW 07:18, 16 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Hmmm.....that is an interesting thought. PIE is tricky, because most of the PIE appendices aren't like normal language appendices, but rather they're like main namespace entries, except they're not allowed in the main namespace because they're not attested words.  I guess I would prefer to not dump them all in a large group like Category:Proto-Indo-European appendices.  If you would like to make sure that all appendices link back to Category:Appendices by language, perhaps you could simply put Category:Proto-Indo-European language itself in Category:Proto-Indo-European appendices.  Everything in there is necessarily an appendix, so it would be reasonable.  Thoughts?  By the way, I do appreciate it when folks take these sorts of cleanup and organization tasks upon themselves (God knows Wiktionary is always in need of them).  I'm sorry to be a hassle for you.  -Atelaes λάλει ἐμοί 08:42, 16 March 2009 (UTC)
 * I agree with A: PIE entry stuff is in Appendix namespace not because they're really appendix stuff, but because they're not allowed in the main namespace per policy due to PIE being reconstructed and not attested language. Category:Proto-Indo-European appendices should contain material such as PIE Swadesh list, PIE inflection discussion or various listings (not that there are many of those now in the WTT), not the entries on particular reconstructions which should be categorised in the master PoS categories (nouns, verbs, roots..). --Ivan Štambuk 12:19, 16 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Thanks; this certainly makes sense. I like Atelaes suggestion about putting Category:Proto-Indo-European language into the Appendices hierarchy, thereby slotting all the individual words neatly in.  I also like Ivan's suggestion of what would be good in the PIE appendices category.  I think I'll combine the two suggestions by putting the language category within the appendices category, then adding Ivan's other suggestions directly to that category.  And I'll remove the individual words from the topcat, of course. Thanks for the discussion! JesseW 19:26, 16 March 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:JesseW


text:
Sedna

Etymology
Borrowed from.

The dwarf planet is named after the goddess.

Proper noun

 * 1)  The Inuit goddess of the sea and marine animals.
 * , a trans-Neptunian dwarf planet whose eccentric detached orbit is wholly beyond the Kuiper belt.
 * 1) * 2010, Rodney S. Gomes, Jean S. Soares, Sedna, 2004 VN112 and 2000 CR105: the tip of an iceberg, Julio A. Fernández, Daniela Lazzaro, Dina Prialnik, Rita Schulz (editors), Icy Bodies of the Solar System: Proceedings of the 263rd Symposium of the International Astronomical Union (IAU S263), page 67,
 * We review two main scenarios that may have implanted Sedna, 2004 VN112 and 2000 CR105 on their current peculiar orbits.
 * , a plain on Venus.
 * 1) * 2010, Rodney S. Gomes, Jean S. Soares, Sedna, 2004 VN112 and 2000 CR105: the tip of an iceberg, Julio A. Fernández, Daniela Lazzaro, Dina Prialnik, Rita Schulz (editors), Icy Bodies of the Solar System: Proceedings of the 263rd Symposium of the International Astronomical Union (IAU S263), page 67,
 * We review two main scenarios that may have implanted Sedna, 2004 VN112 and 2000 CR105 on their current peculiar orbits.
 * , a plain on Venus.

Synonyms

 * ⯲

Translations

 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * French:
 * Latin: Sedna
 * Polish: Sedna
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 賽德娜
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * French:
 * Norwegian: Sedna
 * Polish: Sedna
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:

Anagrams

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/trans-Neptunian

Etymology
.

Proper noun

 * 1)  Inuit sea goddess

Proper noun

 * 1)  trans-Neptunian object

Proper noun

 * 1) Sedna, a large trans-Neptunian object.

title: Sedna


text:
G-d

Usage notes

 * Deuteronomy 12:3–4 states “ye shall destroy [pagan gods’] name out of that place. Ye shall not do so unto the L your God.” Rabbis deduced from this that it was forbidden to erase the name of God from a written document. Since any paper upon which God’s name was written might be discarded and thus “erased”, the rabbis forbade explicitly writing the name of God, except in Holy Books, with provisions for the proper disposal of such books.

Translations

 * Arabic: اللَـ
 * Finnish: J:la
 * French: D.ieu
 * German: G'tt, G-tt
 * Greek: ΘΣ
 * Hebrew: אלוקים
 * Italian: D-o
 * Polish: B-g
 * Portuguese: D'us
 * Russian: Б-г
 * Spanish: Di-s
 * Yiddish: ג־ט

title: G-d


text:
Talk:joygasm

Word only brings like 700 google results, oh well, maybe it exists in the real world somewhere. --Eean 21:23, 18 Nov 2004 (UTC)

i got 300,000

title: Talk:joygasm


text:
dingleberry

Etymology
Perhaps for.

Noun

 * , the southern mountain cranberry.
 * 1)  A stupid or foolish person.
 * 2)  Dried fecal matter adhering to anal hair.
 * 3)  Any residual irregularity following processing.
 * 1)  A stupid or foolish person.
 * 2)  Dried fecal matter adhering to anal hair.
 * 3)  Any residual irregularity following processing.

Synonyms

 * dag, dags
 * dag, dags
 * dag, dags

Translations

 * Japanese: 糞垂れ
 * Russian: ,

 * Finnish: ,
 * German:
 * Hungarian: betyárkörte
 * Italian: tarzanello
 * Japanese: 糞垂れ
 * Lithuanian: sudgabalis
 * Norwegian: danglebær
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: баребу́х
 * Spanish:, tarzanito
 * Swedish:

title: dingleberry


text:
άγγελος

Etymology
Sense "angel", inherited from Hellenistic, a. Sense "messenger", learnedly, from.

Noun

 * 1) angel
 * 2) messenger, news bearer, envoy, herald
 * 3)  a loved one
 * 4)  a selfless person
 * 1)  a selfless person
 * 1)  a selfless person

title: άγγελος


text:
רב־מלאך

Noun

 * 1) An archangel.

title: רב־מלאך


text:
cherubs

Etymology
+ English plural suffix

Synonyms

 * (traditional plural)

title: cherubs


text:
cherubim

Etymology
, from +  masculine plural suffix.

Noun

 * 1) A cherub.

title: cherubim


text:
daemon

Etymology 1
A borrowing of, from.

Noun

 * 1)  A minor deity or divinity.
 * 2) * 2018, Carolyn Graves-Brown, Daemons and Spirits in Ancient Egypt,, page 46,
 * On some apotropaic wands the hippopotamus daemon bites or devours a person.88 On a well-known New Kingdom papyrus, Taweret, who is named, is listed amongst evil daemons.
 * 1)  A muse, a personified source of inspiration, especially one that also causes anguish.
 * 2) * 2012, Eden Paul, Cedar Paul (translators),, The Struggle with the Daemon: Hölderlin, Kleist and Nietzsche, Pushkin Press, unnumbered page,
 * That is why those of exceptionally "daemonic temperament", those who cannot early and thoroughly subdue the daemon within them, are racked by disquietude. Ever and again the daemon snatches the helm from their control and steers them (helpless as straws in the blast) into the heart of the storm, perchance to shatter them on the rocks of destiny.
 * 1) * 2015,, The Daemon Knows, Penguin Random House (Random House), eBook edition, unnumbered page,
 * Coleridge, deep in daemons, looked to them for his poetic power: They gave him Kubla Khan, Christabel, and The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. He welcomed his daemon or genius and yet feared it.
 * 1) An idea depicted as an entity.

Etymology 2
A reference to. The putative derivation from " and " is generally considered a backronym.

Noun

 * 1)  A process (a running program) that does not have a controlling terminal.

Usage notes

 * Often a daemon will run on a server.

Translations

 * Czech:
 * Finnish: taustaprosessi, palveluprosessi, daemoni
 * French:
 * German: Hintergrundprogramm
 * Greek: ,
 * Irish: daeman
 * Japanese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: де́мон

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) a genius loci, a lar, the protective spirit or godling of a place or household
 * 2)  the 11th of the 12 signs of the zodiac
 * 3)  a demon

title: daemon


text:
Talk:talent

Actual talent or competitive advantage?
The definition of talent given is invidious in my opinion, I would say talent is rather an ability for creative self-expression, instead of sheer being able to perform better than others. As in, "genius does what it must and talent does what it can." Doing what you can does not automatically make you superior relative to others, nor does it complete its purpose once you are. Also problem solving and innovation are greater when everyone acquires or develops new skills, not a certain small group monopolizes them at the expense of everybody else. This is the purpose of Wikipedia. Therefore I do not believe the number and percentage of talented people is an unchanging one. 24.184.234.24 17:24, 27 September 2009 (UTC)LeucineZipper

 * Talent is a person's inborn or unconsciously acquired ability to learn certain skills. This ability can be interpreted meaningfully only by comparing the individual to others, whom (based on certain plausible parameters) we would expect to learn with similar ease or difficulty. 178.4.151.244 05:47, 18 May 2023 (UTC)

 * I wouldn't say so. If only one person existed in the universe, that person could still have a talent for juggling (if they're good at throwing and catching), or not (if they are a clumsy ball-dropper). We don't need other people to compare. Equinox ◑ 05:52, 18 May 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:talent


text:
ημίθεος

Noun

 * 1) demigod product of union between a human and a god, eg Heracles

title: ημίθεος


text:
Talk:snipe

Visiting Oklahoma recently, I was told "Snipe Hunting" is a slang euphamism for getting laid.

Connel MacKenzie 23:11, 18 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * Apparently there is a different meaning however. Snipe hunt.  --Connel MacKenzie 23:34, 17 Jun 2005 (UTC)

etymology
This section needs sources to back it up. This answer seems more plausible than the one listed here.98.16.26.163 13:03, 12 July 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:snipe


text:
boliviano

Noun

 * 1) the unit of currency in Bolivia, divided into 100 centavos

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Bolivian

Noun

 * 1) Bolivian

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Bolivian

Noun

 * 1) Bolivian
 * 2) Boliviano

Noun

 * a

Noun

 * a

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Bolivian

Noun

 * 1) Bolivian

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Bolivian

Noun

 * 1) Bolivian

title: boliviano


text:
consumere

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1)  to consume, to wear down, to destroy

Conjugation

 * Highly defective verb.

title: consumere


text:
teleomorphic

Adjective

 * 1) Of a fungus: in a sexually reproducing mode.

Related terms

 * ic
 * ic
 * ic

title: teleomorphic


text:
User:MrSmart

REAL NAME
Corey L Frey I was born in Colorado Springs,Colorado in 1956 to Robert Ellwood Frey& Dana "Dixie" Sinklier Goldsworth,they separated with mom having custody of me,we moved to California in'62,moved back to Colorado,where I went to 1st grade only,we moved to California(in "65)where in '72 I symbolised my dedication to do JEHOVAH'S will as a witness of Him and as a disciple of Jesus His Son, we lived there 'til dad's death in '78,where mom got Alzheimer's Disease,which killed her in'99. I live at 704 MULLEN E4,Lamar,Colorado,USA.

External Link

 * My Page@Geocities.com
 * My Wikipedia Profile

title: User:MrSmart


text:
User talk:MrSmart

A Little Advice
For one, plurals really don't need their own article, a simple redirect is fine. The code for a redirect is:
 * 1) REDIRECT article name

Also, since you're so prolific, it would be nice if you would properly format. An example:

==English== ===Etymology=== From the greek word pantheion, a shrine to all the gods. ===Noun=== pantheon ===Proper noun=== Pantheon ===See also=== Wikipedia article on the Pantheon
 * 1) The totality of gods of a given religion or culture.
 * 1) The circular temple dedicated to all the gods in 27 BC in Rome.

Notice the number of ='s, two for the language and three for pretty much everything else.

Thanks for your work, --Eean 02:22, 19 Nov 2004 (UTC)

...for want of something better to do...
I guess it would be of interest to check out newly written article on diabolic. --Dennis Valeev 22:47, 19 Nov 2004 (UTC
 * Thanks:O), somewhat improved than my initial effort! MrSmart

 * But that was an inductive effort after all, as I was loitering about uncharted areas of 'recent changes' page and stumbled {serendipitiously so} across your contribution. I don't usually contribute to this project but I look forward to contributing as many material as I can. I believe there's a better way to do so but merely write it on your own. So many fair use projects on the internet from which it is possible to take some material. Well, in the first place, I should write a program that would substitute all 'smart' terms in an article with wikified ones. And after that, we will put them in the wiktionary database effortlessly and slipperily. Poka. --Dennis Valeev 19:55, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)

My Response

 * COOL!

MrSmart'

 * In order to answer in the current thread you better put some colons in the beginning of an answer. As I've done it here: ::::In order to answer... One colon stands for one level in a thread. --Dennis Valeev 22:11, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Formatting
Hi MrSmart,

Just to acquaint you with the format for non-English-language entries, please see the changes I have made to your article Μεξικό. Thanks. — Paul G 12:27, 24 Nov 2004 (UTC) ::::THANKS,I'll keep that in mind:O)MrSmart

Chassidim
Please stop entering definitions for "Hassid" etc. as "ultra-orthodox". I'll put in the proper definitions when I find time. -dmh 22:01, 2 Dec 2004 (UTC) ==Reply==
 * THANKS :o)YES,your definition is better,I've used it in my newer entries.

MrSmart

 * Thanks, and thanks for including the link to the Wikipedia article. -dmh 20:38, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Your welcome! :O)

Mister Smart

negro
Umm people stopped using the word negro like 40 years ago. Well, at least if your not my 90 year old grandmother, the word isn't offensive really, it is just flamingly archaic. Its fine to define negro obviously, but it isn't a word that should be used in definitions. --Eean 04:40, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)

==REPLY==: '''Yes,I'm 47 years old, In my childhood negro was being replaced by black,personally I find it difficult to use African-american,I find it a tad pretentious&p.c.when I do use negro in conversation it's usually with my tongue-in-cheek,I prefer "black", MrSmart
 * Yea, I didn't think it was likely you would actually use the word negro without some invisible quotation marks. If you look at the AHD, African-American isn't replacing black, so you don't have to worry about that. Just use the words you would use normally when writing defitions.
 * Remember to include the ==language== in new defintions, and that parts of speech get three ='s, so like ===Adjective=== . Thanks for your work, --Eean 09:26, 4 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Mister Smart
 * Thanks!

title: User talk:MrSmart


text:
dubitare

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1) to doubt
 * 2) to fear, to suspect
 * 3) to not trust, to be wary

Verb

 * : to doubt.
 * : to doubt.

title: dubitare