text:
spice

Etymology 1
From, from (modern ), an old borrowing from , from. .

Noun

 * 1)  Aromatic or pungent plant matter (usually dried) used to season or flavour food.
 * 2)  The quality of being spicy.
 * 3)  Appeal, interest; an attribute that makes something appealing, interesting, or engaging.
 * 4)  A synthetic cannabinoid drug.
 * 5)  Sweets, candy.
 * Let's go daan to t'spice shop an see what they've i stock
 * 1)  Species; kind.
 * 2) A characteristic touch or taste; smack; flavour.
 * 3) An aromatic odour.
 * 4)  Erotic or pornographic material, usually written; smut.
 * 1)  Species; kind.
 * 2) A characteristic touch or taste; smack; flavour.
 * 3) An aromatic odour.
 * 4)  Erotic or pornographic material, usually written; smut.

Hyponyms

 * See also Thesaurus:seasoning

Translations

 * Albanian: erëz
 * Arabic: ,
 * Egyptian Arabic: توابل, بهار
 * Hijazi Arabic: بَهَار, توابل
 * Moroccan Arabic: عطرية
 * South Levantine Arabic: بَهَار, توابل
 * Armenian:
 * Assamese: মচলা
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Basque: espezia
 * Belarusian: спе́цыя, прыпра́ва
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Crimean Tatar: baharat
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian: vürts
 * Faroese: krydd, kryddarí
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Gagauz: baharat
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: სანელებელი
 * German: ,
 * Greek:, ,
 * Ancient: ἄρωμα
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: spíosra
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Javanese:
 * Karaim: baharat
 * Karakhanid: اُتيَم
 * Kazakh: дәмдеуіш
 * Khmer: ,
 * Korean:
 * Kyrgyz: курчутма, даамдагыч
 * Lao:
 * Latin: arōma, condīmentum
 * Latvian: garšviela
 * Lithuanian: prieskonis
 * Livonian: virts
 * Luxembourgish: Gewierz
 * Macedonian: зачин
 * Malay:
 * Maltese: ħwawar
 * Maori: raukikini
 * Mongolian: халуун ногоо
 * Norwegian:
 * Occitan:
 * Old English: wyrt, wyrtġemang
 * Persian: ,
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Quechua: haya
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: spìosradh
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: зачин
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: korenie
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:
 * Sylheti: ꠝꠡꠟꠣ
 * Tagalog: pampalasa
 * Tajik: дорувор, адвиё
 * Thai:
 * Tibetan: སྨན་སྣ
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: пря́нощі, спе́ція, припра́ва
 * Urdu: مصالحہ
 * Uzbek: ,
 * Vietnamese: ,

 * Armenian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:, ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Javanese: bumbon crakèn
 * Korean:
 * Macedonian: зачин
 * Norwegian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: spìosradh
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:, , ,
 * Swahili:
 * Turkish:

Verb

 * 1)  To add spice or spices to; season.
 * 2)  To spice up.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Ancient: ἀρτύω
 * Italian: speziare
 * Latin: condiō
 * Macedonian: зачинува
 * Norwegian:
 * Occitan: condimentar, especiar
 * Old English: wyrtian
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Slovene: začiniti
 * Spanish:, , ,
 * Swedish:

Etymology 2
Formed by analogy with and  as the plurals of  and. First attested use Christopher Morley in “Morley's Magnum” (1935). Made popular by in  (1973).

Etymology
From, (modern ), an old borrowing from.

Noun

 * 1) spices powders used to flavour meals or dishes:
 * 2) Spices as used as scents or to enhance the smell of something.
 * 3) Spices as used in medicinal preparations; by extension, medicine in general.
 * 4) Spices as used in alchemical preparations.
 * 5) A variety, sort, or kind of something:
 * 6) A distinct kind of creature; a species.
 * 7) A type of disease or affliction.
 * 8) A type of sinful behaviour or action; an action or behaviour in general.
 * 9) A part, especially of a discipline or line of study.
 * 10) A seeming or presence; the way something looks from the outside:
 * 11)  The perception of something using any sense or innate ability.
 * 12)  The communion wafer when transubstantiated.
 * 13)  An appearance or image either mental or real
 * 14) A meal usually sweet incorporating spices.
 * 15) A plant which spices are made from.

title: spice


text:
Talk:French

Number
While you can say "the French" to refer to people from France, I don't think you can say "a French" to refer to a single French person. Anyone have a reference or example? -- Paul G 17:31, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * I agree with you, my dictionary does not mention this definition. I have looked at the history of the article and it reveals it is User:Ensjo who have done this change. Perhaps he can explain why ? Koxinga 18:40, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * I can. It's accurate for early Modern English. It's considered nonstandard now. Ditto Chineses. — LlywelynII  04:28, 15 April 2020 (UTC)

Freeman?
"Le mot 'franc' signifie 'homme libre'." I read this sentence in "Easy French Reader" by R. de Roussy de Sales published by NTC, 1985. Does being French means being 'free'?
 * No. — LlywelynII  04:28, 15 April 2020 (UTC)

Walloons
Wallonia has its own version of French Walloon. GerardM 09:07, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * So? — LlywelynII  04:28, 15 April 2020 (UTC)

Hindi spelling
Hmm so which of these two are right? Are the virama and candrabindu optional in Devanagari or just Hindi's use of it? Here are how the two spellings work:
 * फानिसिस
 * pa aa na i ra i ra
 * फ़्राँसीसी
 * fa virama ra aa candrabindu sa ii sa ii

The 2nd one looks more correct to me based on the virama and "fa" rather than "pa". I can't guess on the "i" vs "ii". I don't know whether the dot under the "fa/pa" is optional either. — Hippietrail 02:51, 19 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * I (=128.104.220.225 = User:Lethe) think that Yann's version is correct, and the old version was not. Except for candrabindu, which i have fixed, according to the Hindi Talk page, q.v.
 * I am absolutely certain that फ़्राँसीसी is the right spelling. Beside the fact that I speak fluently hindi, I got this from the Dictionnaire Hindi-Français de Federica Boschetti, Editions du Mark. Yann 19:34, 20 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * I just wanted to mention Google hits for the various spellings. For our old spelling there are a few hits but all seem to be mirrors of the Wiktionary article. The spelling with candrabindu gets no hits. The spelling with just bindu gets 281 hits on real Hindi pages. — Hippietrail 00:59, 21 Sep 2004 (UTC)

about "French" the adjective
I removed "Speaker of a language of French (for example French Canadian)" because that comes under "of or pertaining to the French language", and "speaker" is a noun anyway.

French language
Seems to be an invalid redirect, but WhatLinksHere shows it still in use? --Connel MacKenzie 17:56, 24 December 2007 (UTC)

 * Romanian language redirects to Romanian language, but even that just looks like a wikipedia article. I think there are some regular entries with the "X language" format, but I can't think of what they are off the top of my head. — [ ric ] opiaterein — 18:57, 24 December 2007 (UTC)

 * There are quite a few entries with the name "X language" that should not exist. I expect that the readon they do is that the various ISO user box templates invoke the category, so people have created them to make the links blue.  A permanent fix would necessitate that the various userboxen are adjusted not to link to the language in this way. --EncycloPetey 00:54, 25 December 2007 (UTC)

RFV-failed sense: citation
This sense has just failed RFV after a year, but since there was one citation I reproduce it here:
 * 1) (informal) risqué, racy, bawdy.

French
"(informal) risqué, racy, bawdy." Not sure the given citation backs it up. Equinox ◑ 18:22, 7 July 2010 (UTC)
 * Seems to be the same sort of thing as French letters, it sounds plausible although I don't know if I've ever heard it outside set phrases. Mglovesfun (talk) 09:16, 8 July 2010 (UTC)
 * Failed RFV. Equinox ◑ 00:37, 9 July 2011 (UTC)

Is the noun "French" actually countable as stated?
No sense seems amenable to singular usage. Equinox ◑ 00:21, 16 September 2018 (UTC)
 * It was in early Modern English. — LlywelynII  04:28, 15 April 2020 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:French


text:
etimología

Etymology
, from, from +.

Noun

 * 1) etymology

title: etimología


text:
topje

Noun

 * 1) diminutive of top
 * 2) top (garment worn to cover the torso)

title: topje


text:
libido

Etymology
. Used originally in psychoanalytic contexts.

Noun

 * 1)  Sexual urges or drives.
 * 2)  Drives or mental energies related to or based on sexual instincts but not necessarily sexual in and of themselves.
 * 3)   in terms of a planet's, such as that of Mars, average surface spectral reflectivity.
 * 1)  Drives or mental energies related to or based on sexual instincts but not necessarily sexual in and of themselves.
 * 2)   in terms of a planet's, such as that of Mars, average surface spectral reflectivity.
 * 1)   in terms of a planet's, such as that of Mars, average surface spectral reflectivity.
 * 1)   in terms of a planet's, such as that of Mars, average surface spectral reflectivity.
 * 1)   in terms of a planet's, such as that of Mars, average surface spectral reflectivity.
 * 1)   in terms of a planet's, such as that of Mars, average surface spectral reflectivity.
 * 1)   in terms of a planet's, such as that of Mars, average surface spectral reflectivity.

Related terms

 * libido dominandi

Translations

 * Arabic: غَرِيزَة جِنْسِيَّة
 * Egyptian Arabic: ليبيدو
 * Armenian:
 * Bikol Central:
 * Bulgarian: либидо
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: volupto
 * Estonian: libiido, iha, sugutung
 * Finnish: halut,, himot
 * French:
 * German:, sexuelle Begierde
 * Hebrew: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Japanese: 性衝動
 * Latin: libīdō
 * Maori: taera
 * Persian: لیبیدو
 * Polish:, popęd seksualny, pożądanie seksualne,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Slovak: libido
 * Slovene: libído
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili: ashiki,, libido
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: libog
 * Turkish:, , cinsel dürtü, cinsellik içgüdüsü

 * Armenian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 性力, 力比多
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, elämänvoima
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hebrew:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: libídeo
 * Japanese: リビドー
 * Korean:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) libido

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) sex drive,

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) desire, fancy, inclination, longing, pleasure, caprice, passion, wantonness
 * 2) lust, sensuality
 * 1) lust, sensuality
 * 1) lust, sensuality

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)   sexual urges or drives
 * 2)   drives based on sexual instincts

Etymology
or.

Noun

 * 1) sex drive,

Etymology
From.

Etymology
.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) libido

Etymology
From.

Usage notes

 * There is a certain tendency to pronounce libido as due to the influence of, but this pronunciation is incorrect according to the Spanish orthography and thus not recommended.

Noun

 * , sex drive

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) libido

Noun

 * 1)  (sexual urges or drives)

title: libido


text:
mano

Etymology
..

Noun

 * 1) A stone resembling a rolling pin, used to grind maize or other grain on a metate.

Translations

 * Navajo: tsédaashchʼíní
 * Papantla Totonac: maxkua

Noun

 * 1) life

Etymology
From, from , perhaps from , derived from , or perhaps from a (see the Proto-Italic entry).

Noun

 * 1) hand

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) a schoolyard pick
 * 2)  the hand

Verb

 * 1) to pick an it
 * 2) to take turns picking a team or members of a team
 * 3) to pick the order of players in a game

Etymology 2
.

Noun

 * 1) an elder

Etymology 3
.

Noun

 * 1) a bundle of tobacco leaves

Etymology 4
.

Verb

 * 1) to lag

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  hand

Verb

 * 1) to die

Etymology
Borrowed from, and.

Noun

 * 1)  hand

Noun

 * 1) death

Verb

 * 1) to die

Etymology
, all ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1) (a single) manes, ancestral spirit

Noun

 * 1) hand

Etymology
From (whence also 🇨🇬, etc.), from, perhaps from , derived from , or perhaps from a  (see the Proto-Italic entry).

Noun

 * 1)  hand
 * 2) band, company (Boccaccio; v. manus)
 * 3) round

Noun

 * 1)  arm

Etymology
From the root.

Verb

 * 1)  to give out, shed, pour forth
 * 2)  to flow, run, trickle, drop, distil, run; to leak
 * 3)  to flow, diffuse or extend oneself, spread
 * 4)  to spread, leak out, become known
 * 5)  to flow, spring, arise, proceed, emanate, originate
 * 1)  to spread, leak out, become known
 * 2)  to flow, spring, arise, proceed, emanate, originate

Etymology
Appears to be a new formation built from mãn-, the oblique stem of + the masculine genitive ending ; compare, ,. Dialectal matches 🇨🇬, while 🇨🇬 is an independent formation. Compare however 🇨🇬, which suggests the formation may be old.

Pronoun

 * 1)  my, mine
 * 2) by me used to indicate a first person singular agent in passive constructions
 * 1) by me used to indicate a first person singular agent in passive constructions
 * 1) by me used to indicate a first person singular agent in passive constructions

Usage notes
If the subject of the sentence is first-person singular (i.e., ), then the reflexive pronoun is used instead. For example:
 * Àš mýliu sàvo žmõną.
 * I love my wife.

Numeral

 * 1)  thousand
 * 2) multitude

Noun

 * 1) host
 * 2) creed

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1)  hand

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) hand

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) moon

Etymology
From, whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  moon

Etymology
From, whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) moon

Descendants

 * Hamburgisch: ,
 * Westphalian:
 * Lippisch:
 * Ravensbergisch:
 * Sauerländisch:, , ,
 * Westmünsterländisch:, ,
 * Sauerländisch:, , ,
 * Westmünsterländisch:, ,

Etymology 1
,.

Noun

 * 1)  brother, male sibling
 * 2)  bro, homie
 * 3)  dude, bro, man
 * 1)  dude, bro, man

Usage notes

 * Do not confuse with.

Etymology 1
, from, from , perhaps from , derived from , or perhaps from (see the Proto-Italic entry). Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  hand
 * 2)  front foot
 * 3)  round; hand
 * 4)  coat, lick
 * 5)  hand
 * 6) skill, talent
 * 7)  a stone resembling a rolling pin, used to grind maize or other grain on a metate

Usage notes

 * As with other nouns denoting body parts, the definite article is used where English would use a possessive determiner (e.g., , , or ), as long as the verb that it complements is pronominal and therefore implies possession. Examples: "Lávate las manos, por favor" (Wash your hands, please) and "Átale las manos" (Tie his hands); contrast with "Dibuja tus manos" (Draw your hands).

Etymology 2
.

Noun

 * 1)  buddy, friend

Etymology 1
, from.

Noun

 * 1) ; taking of an elder's hand to press it to one's forehead or kiss it
 * 2) right turn
 * 3) right of a player to be first in playing
 * 4) coating; layer
 * 5) quire
 * 6)  hand
 * 1) coating; layer
 * 2) quire
 * 3)  hand
 * 1)  hand

Etymology 2
.

title: mano


text:
pallavolo

Etymology
.

The pronunciation with -vv-, though usually proscribed, is very common, as it respects the syntactic gemination of.

Noun

 * 1) volleyball a game played on a rectangular court between two teams of two to six players which involves striking a ball back and forth over a net

title: pallavolo


text:
pallacanestro

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) basketball, basket

title: pallacanestro


text:
placebo

Etymology
From, from , the first-person singular future active indicative of.

Noun

 * 1)  A dummy medicine containing no active ingredients; an inert treatment.
 * 2)  The vespers sung in the office for the dead.
 * 1)  The vespers sung in the office for the dead.
 * 1)  The vespers sung in the office for the dead.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: плацебо
 * Catalan: placebo
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: placebo
 * Dutch:
 * Erzya: чавоменге
 * Esperanto: placebo
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician: placebo
 * German:, Plazebo
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: कूटभेषज
 * Icelandic: lyfleysa, þóknunarhrifslyf
 * Irish: placebo
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 偽薬, プラセボ
 * Macedonian: плацебо
 * Norwegian: placebo
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: placebo
 * Swedish:
 * Tamil: மருந்துப்போலி
 * Ukrainian: плацебо́

Noun

 * 1)  dummy medicine containing no active ingredients

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Etymology
Derived from, the first-person singular future active indicative of.

Noun

 * , drug

Etymology
.

Etymology
From.

Etymology
, the first-person singular future active indicative of.

Noun

 * 1)  The vespers sung in the office for the dead.
 * 2) Talk for buttering someone up, making them sycophantic or pleasing them.
 * 3) A representation or exemplar of adulation or sycophancy.
 * 1) A representation or exemplar of adulation or sycophancy.

Etymology
From.

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) refers to the effect or reaction of an individual or group to whom a placebo was given

Noun

 * 1)  inert medicine administered for suggestive or psychological purposes, which can alleviate ailments solely through the faith that the patient has in its powers
 * 2)  substance without therapeutic effects, administered in a clinical trial to a certain control group
 * 3)  active drug used in a condition in which it is inactive, with a similar objective
 * 1)  active drug used in a condition in which it is inactive, with a similar objective

Etymology
.

Etymology
From medical, from.

title: placebo


text:
herb

Etymology
From, , from (French ), from. Initial h was restored to the spelling in the 15th century on the basis on Latin, but it remained mute until the 19th century and still is for many speakers.

Pronunciation

 * North American pronunciation of the word varies; some speakers include the sound and others omit it, with the -less pronunciation being the more common. Individual speakers are usually consistent in their choice, but the choice does not appear to be correlated with any regional, socioeconomic, or educational distinctions.
 * Outside of North America, the -less pronunciation is restricted to speakers who have a general tendency to "drop the h" in all words.
 * The -less pronunciation is the older; the pronunciation with is a later.
 * North American pronunciation of the word varies; some speakers include the sound and others omit it, with the -less pronunciation being the more common. Individual speakers are usually consistent in their choice, but the choice does not appear to be correlated with any regional, socioeconomic, or educational distinctions.
 * Outside of North America, the -less pronunciation is restricted to speakers who have a general tendency to "drop the h" in all words.
 * The -less pronunciation is the older; the pronunciation with is a later.
 * Outside of North America, the -less pronunciation is restricted to speakers who have a general tendency to "drop the h" in all words.
 * The -less pronunciation is the older; the pronunciation with is a later.

Noun

 * 1)  Any green, leafy plant, or parts thereof, used to flavour or season food.
 * 2)  A plant whose roots, leaves or seeds, etc. are used in medicine.
 * 3)  Cannabis.
 * 4)  A plant whose stem is not woody and does not persist beyond each growing season
 * 5)  Grass; herbage.
 * 6)   A lame or uncool person.
 * 1)  A plant whose stem is not woody and does not persist beyond each growing season
 * 2)  Grass; herbage.
 * 3)   A lame or uncool person.
 * 1)   A lame or uncool person.
 * 1)   A lame or uncool person.

Hyponyms

 * See also Thesaurus:seasoning

Related terms

 * arbour

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian: зелена подправка
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 香草
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: ,
 * Dutch:
 * Emilian:
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian: maitsetaim
 * Faroese: urt
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Friulian:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian:, მცენარე
 * German:
 * Alemannic German: Chruut
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἄρωμα
 * Haitian Creole: zèb
 * Hebrew: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Irish:
 * Italian: erba aromatica,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Khmer:
 * Korean: 향초(香草)
 * Lao:
 * Latin:
 * Latvian: garšaugs
 * Ligurian: erba
 * Limburgish: keukekroed
 * Lingala: litíti
 * Lombard:
 * Low German: Kruut
 * Macedonian: билка
 * Maori: raukakara
 * Marathi: शाक, ओषधी, हरितक, वनस्पति, तृणादि
 * Middle English: herbe
 * Mongolian: навч шилбэ
 * Norman: hèrbe
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: urt
 * Occitan:
 * Old English: wyrt
 * Persian: ,
 * Piedmontese: erba
 * Polabian: krüd
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Quechua: qiwa
 * Romagnol: erba
 * Romanian: verdețuri
 * Russian:, ,
 * Scots: yerb
 * Scottish Gaelic: luibh, lus
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene: ,
 * Spanish: hierba culinaria
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: damong-gamot
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Vietnamese:, cây thảo
 * Volapük:
 * Walloon:
 * Welsh:, llysieuyn pêr, llysieuyn crochan

 * Arabic: عُشْبَة طِبِّيَّة
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: lægeurt
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian:, მცენარე
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: πόα
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian: erba medicinale
 * Japanese:
 * Kannada: ಮೂಲಿಕೆ
 * Korean:
 * Malayalam:
 * Middle English: herbe, wort
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: urt
 * Odia: ଔଷଧ
 * Old English: wyrt, lǣċewyrt
 * Persian: گیاه دارویی,
 * Polish:, zioło lecznicze
 * Portuguese: erva medicinal
 * Russian:,   ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: luibh, lus
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tamil:
 * Telugu:
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:, şifalı ot
 * Vietnamese: dược thảo
 * Volapük: sanakeb
 * Welsh: llysieuyn llesol, llysieuyn meddyginiaethol

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: პლანი
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: тра́ва
 * Roman:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:

Etymology
From, (inflected , ), from , from.

Adjective

 * 1)  slightly bitter or sharp to the taste, often in a pleasant way; tart (but not in the sense of “sour”)
 * 2)  harsh; hard

Etymology
, from, from , from , from , from , from the root. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  coat of arms
 * 2)  armigerous clan; cf. Polish heraldry

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  coat of arms

Alternative forms

 * herf

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  war

title: herb


text:
Tzotzil

Noun

 * 1) A member of an indigenous Maya people of Southern Mexico.

Proper noun

 * 1) A Mayan language of Chiapas, Mexico.

Translations

 * French:
 * Galician: tzotzil
 * Japanese:
 * Spanish: tsotsil
 * Tzotzil: batsʼi kʼop

title: Tzotzil


text:
Tzeltal

Proper noun

 * 1) A Mayan language of Chiapas, Mexico.
 * 2) A Maya people of Mexico.

title: Tzeltal


text:
pugno

Etymology
, from. Compare 🇨🇬. Related to. .

Noun

 * 1) fist

Noun

 * 1) fist

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) fist
 * 2) punch
 * 3) fistful, handful
 * 4)  small quantity; handful

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to fight, combat, battle, engage
 * 2) to contend, conflict, oppose, contradict
 * 3) to endeavour, struggle, strive
 * 1) to endeavour, struggle, strive

title: pugno


text:
Kaeso

Etymology
Roman writers described the name as either coming from, describing eyes, or from. More at Kaeso.

Proper noun

 * 1) A Roman praenomen.

title: Kaeso


text:
kadamitas

Etymology
From, from , from ; see also 🇨🇬, , 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) loss, defeat

title: kadamitas


text:
animalis

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) animate, living
 * 2) of living creatures
 * 1) of living creatures

title: animalis


text:
zerstören

Etymology
From, from , , from. Equivalent to.

Verb

 * 1)  to destroy, demolish, devastate, eliminate
 * 2) to dispel
 * 1) to dispel

title: zerstören


text:
Zerstörung

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) destruction, demolition
 * 2) overthrow, ruin

title: Zerstörung


text:
Zibbe

Etymology
. Probably from or related to, whence also 🇨🇬, , 🇨🇬 (13th c., modern 🇨🇬), 🇨🇬.

While the 19th-century attestation is surely belated, the total lack of medieval evidence and the fact that the word is native almost exclusively in East Central German, thus outside the original territory, make its inheritedness. One alternative would be a phonetically adapted borrowing from Low German (during the time of dialect mixing in the colonial areas), plausibly under the influence of. Note that the unadapted form is found in northern as well as Ripuarian.

Noun

 * 1)  ewe or nanny goat
 * 2)  doe hare or doe rabbit
 * 3)  bitch, she-dog
 * 1)  bitch, she-dog
 * 1)  bitch, she-dog

title: Zibbe


text:
zierlich

Etymology
From. Equivalent to. For the semantic development from "decorative" to "petite, small", cf. klein.

Adjective

 * 1) delicate; petite of bodies or objects: gracefully thin or fragile
 * 2)  decorative; pleasing; pretty

title: zierlich


text:
Talk:once upon a time

Is there any reason why the ellipsis is required in the title. It is well known that this expression does not stand by itself, but then the same could be said about any other adverbial phrase at the beginning of a sentence. People are unlikely to know that the ellipsis should be included when searching for the term. I propose to move it accordingly. Eclecticology 09:19, 2 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Deleting the ellipsis and moving the page. -- Paul G 17:27, 11 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * I thought the Chinese example would give one clear reason for keeping the ellipsis. I included it because this phrase seems more like half a sentence to me rather than a set phrase that would fill the part of verb, noun, etc on its own. Hippietrail 20:52, 11 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Suggestion: split into two translations
The heading for the current single translation is "traditional beginning of children’s stories, especially fairy tales". However, the only example sentence given is for a different usage than this, something like "a point sometime in the distant past". The translation is likely different for these two in many cases, since like the page states, many of them literally mean "There once was..."

E.g. in Swedish:
 * det var en gång (fairy tale beginning)
 * en gång i tiden (distant past)

155.4.163.73 19:10, 3 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:once upon a time


text:
zu

Noun

 * 1) water
 * 2) fermented rice beer

Etymology
, originally a second-person plural pronoun. Over time, it came to be used as a polite second-person singular pronoun; while went from being a general second-person singular pronoun to a strictly informal one. In all the written record it appears as a singular pronoun, but it might have survived as a plural pronoun up to the nineteenth century in parts of Biscay.

Pronoun

 * 1) ; you

Etymology
From a spelling merger of two interrelated adpreps: 1.), from , , from ; and 2.) , from , from. A distinction between both words has widely been retained in dialects, and also to some degree in modern spoken German (see pronunciation section below). Cognate with 🇨🇬 (contractions with the definite article:, ); 🇨🇬, ; 🇨🇬; 🇨🇬,.

Preposition

 * 1) to, towards
 * 2) with respect to; regarding
 * 3) along with; with
 * 4) at, on
 * 5) at
 * 6) by, in, on, at
 * 7)  for;  as, by way of
 * 8) for
 * 9) into
 * 10) as, for, to be
 * 11) to
 * 12) at
 * 1)  for;  as, by way of
 * 2) for
 * 3) into
 * 4) as, for, to be
 * 5) to
 * 6) at
 * 1) at

Derived terms

 * (zu + dem)
 * (zu + der)
 * (zu + den)

Particle

 * 1)  to

Adverb

 * 1)  too
 * 2) towards; at
 * 3)  shut; closed; locked
 * 4) ahead, on
 * 1) towards; at
 * 2)  shut; closed; locked
 * 3) ahead, on
 * 1) ahead, on
 * 1) ahead, on

Usage notes
Always stressed. Compare English.

Adjective

 * 1)  shut, closed
 * 2) closed
 * 3) done up
 * 4)  hammered; very drunk
 * 1) closed
 * 2) done up
 * 3)  hammered; very drunk
 * 1)  hammered; very drunk

Noun

 * 1) water

Etymology
Reduced form of, from , from , from.

Preposition

 * 1) at, in
 * 2) with respect to, regarding
 * 3) for (the purpose of)
 * 4)  to, towards
 * 1)  to, towards
 * 1)  to, towards

Usage notes

 * The adverbial form of, used e.g., in compound verbs, is.
 * With the singular forms of the definite article, may contract to  (zu dem) and  (zu der).

Etymology
Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Preposition

 * 1) at, to

Etymology 2
.

Translation notes

 * This kind of interjection is colloquial, local and barely translatable. It can be vaguely approximated to English “Hey, you behave like an ”, in a context of speakers who know the stereotyped characteristics of that given animal.

Usage notes

 * It can express a wide range of feelings and meanings, depending on the context.
 * Generally perceived as vulgar by Sicilians who do not speak this south-eastern dialect variant.

Conjunction

 * 1) in addition

title: zu


text:
Zucker

Etymology
. The Zucker rat is named after researchers Lois M. Zucker and Theodore F. Zucker.

Translations

 * German:
 * Hebrew:
 * Polish: Cukier
 * Ukrainian:
 * Yiddish:

Noun

 * 1) A kind of rat bred as a genetic model for research on obesity and hypertension.

Etymology 1
From, from , from early , from , from , from. Cognates include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  sugar
 * 2)  diabetes
 * 1)  diabetes

Etymology 2
.

Noun

 * 1)  a twitching, jerking motion

Noun

 * 1) sugar

title: Zucker


text:
zurück

Etymology

 * ; the former was, , and the latter was , , , , ,  in Middle High German.

Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1) back, backward, backwards, to the rear.

Interjection

 * 1) stand back!
 * 2) get back!

title: zurück


text:
zurückbringen

Verb

 * 1) to bring back, recall, restore

title: zurückbringen


text:
bringen

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from.

Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Pronunciation

Verb

 * 1)  to bring, to fetch, to take, to convey, to bear
 * 2)  to bring, to lead, to guide, to accompany
 * 3)  to cause (someone) to have (something); to cause (something) to exist for the benefit, or to the detriment, of (someone); to cause (something) to be a part of (something)
 * 4)  to get, to cause
 * 5)  to acquire; to take possession of
 * 6)  to accomplish; to yield
 * 7)  to be of use; to be helpful
 * 8)  to deliver; to perform well
 * 9)  to get over with
 * 1)  to acquire; to take possession of
 * 2)  to accomplish; to yield
 * 3)  to be of use; to be helpful
 * 4)  to deliver; to perform well
 * 5)  to get over with
 * 1)  to acquire; to take possession of
 * 2)  to accomplish; to yield
 * 3)  to be of use; to be helpful
 * 4)  to deliver; to perform well
 * 5)  to get over with
 * 1)  to acquire; to take possession of
 * 2)  to accomplish; to yield
 * 3)  to be of use; to be helpful
 * 4)  to deliver; to perform well
 * 5)  to get over with
 * 1)  to acquire; to take possession of
 * 2)  to accomplish; to yield
 * 3)  to be of use; to be helpful
 * 4)  to deliver; to perform well
 * 5)  to get over with
 * 1)  to deliver; to perform well
 * 2)  to get over with
 * 1)  to get over with
 * 1)  to get over with

Etymology
From, , from , , from , from , from.

Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) To bring, carry, deliver, supply

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to bring

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1) to bring

Usage notes

 * The verb was originally strong class 3 and can be found so in some Middle High German texts. Its participle doesn't contain ge-.

Conjugation

 * original, rare

title: bringen


text:
zuvor

Etymology
, ; equivalent to  +.

Adverb

 * 1) before, previously

title: zuvor


text: zuviel

title: zuviel


text:
zwölf

Etymology
From, , , , from , from an original , from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1)  twelve

title: zwölf


text:
grün

Etymology
From, from , from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1)  green

Etymology
From, from , from , from , , from , from , diminutive of.

Verb

 * 1) to grill

Etymology
From, from , , from , from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) green (in colour)
 * 2)  unripe
 * 3) inexperienced, young
 * 4) ecological, environment-friendly
 * 5)  of a green party, such as Bündnis 90/Die Grünen in Germany

Etymology
Borrowed from (das Grün, die grüne Farbe).

Noun

 * 1) (the color) green, green color, greenness

title: grün


text: parentheses

title: parentheses


text:
suomi

Etymology 1
See.

Noun

 * 1) The Finnish language.

title: suomi


text:
Khmer

Etymology
From Khmer ខ្មែរ (khmêr). Attributed to the term. The elision form,, is found in ancient stone inscriptions, or a borrowing from.

Proper noun

 * 1) The national language of Cambodia, part of the Mon-Khmer language family.
 * 2) An abugida used to write the Khmer language and sometimes Pali.

Noun

 * 1) A member of an ethnolinguistic group that constitutes most of the population of Cambodia.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: ,
 * Arabic: لُغَة خِمِيرِيَّة, خِمِيرِيَّة
 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: камбаджы́йская, кхме́рская, кхме́рская мо́ва
 * Betawi: basè Khmer
 * Breton: kmereg
 * Bulgarian: кхмерски
 * Burmese:, ခမာဘာသာ
 * Catalan:, khmer
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, 高棉文
 * Chuanqiandian Cluster Miao:
 * Czech: khmerština, kambodžština
 * Danish: khmer
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: kmera lingvo
 * Finnish:, khmerin kieli
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * German:, Khmer-Sprache,
 * Greek: Χμερ
 * Green Hmong:
 * Gujarati:
 * Hebrew: קמרית
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian: bahasa Khmer
 * Irish: Ciméiris, Cambóidis
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: кхмер тілі
 * Khmer:, ភាសាខ្មែរ
 * Korean:
 * Lao: ພາສາຂະເໝນ, ພາສາຂະແໝ, ພາສາຂເມນ
 * Latvian: khmeru valoda
 * Low German:
 * Macedonian: кмерски, кмерски јазик
 * Malay: bahasa Khmer
 * Northern Khmer:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: khmer
 * Persian: زبان خمر
 * Polish: język
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, кхме́рский язы́к,
 * Slovak: kmérčina, khmérčina
 * Sorbian:
 * Upper Sorbian: khmeršćina
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog: wikang Khmer
 * Tajik:
 * Thai: ภาษาเขมร,
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:, кхме́рська мо́ва
 * Uzbek: kxmer
 * Vietnamese: tiếng Khơ-me, tiếng Khmer,
 * Walloon: xhmer
 * Welsh: Chmereg
 * White Hmong:
 * Zhuang:

Translations

 * Esperanto: kmero
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Khmer:, ជនជាតិខ្មែរ
 * Latvian: khmers
 * Polish: ,
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: ,

Adjective

 * 1) Of or pertaining to the Khmer people or their language.

Translations

 * Arabic: خِمِيرِيّ
 * Belarusian: кхме́рскі
 * Bulgarian: кхме́рски
 * Burmese:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: kmera
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hindi:
 * Japanese: クメール
 * Khmer:, ខេមរ
 * Korean: 크메르
 * Lao:, ຂະແໝ, ຂເມນ
 * Latvian: khmeru
 * Macedonian: кмерски
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Thai:
 * Ukrainian: кхме́рський
 * Vietnamese:

Noun

 * 1) a Khmer person

Noun

 * 1) Khmer person

Noun

 * 1) Khmer language

title: Khmer


text:
Phnom Penh

Etymology
From.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: Phnom Penh
 * Albanian: Phnom Penh
 * Amharic: ፕኖም ፔን
 * Arabic: بْنُوم بِنْه
 * Armenian: Պնոմպեն
 * Asturian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Belarusian: Пнампе́нь, Пнампэ́нь
 * Bengali: প্‌নম পেন
 * Bulgarian: Пном Пе́н
 * Burmese: ဖနွမ်ဖင်
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 金邊
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: Phnom Penh
 * Dutch: Phnom Penh
 * Estonian: Phnom Penh
 * Finnish: Phnom Penh
 * French:
 * Georgian:
 * German:
 * Greek: Πνομ Πενχ
 * Hebrew: פְּנוֹם פֶּן
 * Hindi: फ्नॉम पेन्ह
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: Phnom Penh
 * Indonesian: Phnom Penh
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: Пномпень
 * Khmer:
 * Korean:
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: Phnom Penh
 * Kyrgyz: Пномпень
 * Lao: ພະນົມເປັນ
 * Latvian: Pnompeņa
 * Lithuanian: Pnompenis
 * Macedonian: Пном Пен
 * Malay: Phnom Penh
 * Maltese: Phnom Penh
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: Пномпень
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: Phnom Penh
 * Pashto: پنوم پېن
 * Persian: پنوم پن, پنوم‌پن
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: Pnom Pen
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: Пном Пен
 * Roman:, Pnom Pen
 * Slovak: Phnom Pénh
 * Slovene: Phnom Penh
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tajik: Пномпен
 * Tatar: Пномпень
 * Thai:
 * Tibetan: ཕོམ་ཕེན
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: Pnompen
 * Ukrainian: Пномпе́нь
 * Urdu: پنوم پن
 * Uyghur: فنوم پېن, پىنوم پېن
 * Uzbek: Pnompen
 * Vietnamese: Phnôm Pênh, (南榮),  ,
 * Yiddish: פּנאָם־פּען

title: Phnom Penh


text:
siete

Etymology
From.

Numeral

 * 1)  seven

Etymology
borrowed from

Numeral

 * 1)  seven

Etymology
From.

Numeral

 * 1)  seven

Verb

 * : you (plural) are

Etymology
From.

Numeral

 * 1)  seven

Etymology
, from. Cognates include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 (English ).

Numeral

 * 1) seven

Noun

 * 1) seven

title: siete


text:
Kampuchea

Etymology
..

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: Кампучы́я
 * Bulgarian: Кампу́чия
 * Burmese: ကမ္ဘောဒီးယား
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: Kampučia
 * Danish: Kampuchea
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: Kampuchea
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: კამპუჩია
 * German: Kampuchea
 * Hindi: कम्पूचिया,
 * Irish: Champúis, Campúisia
 * Japanese: カンプチア
 * Kalenjin: Kampuchia
 * Kamba: Kampuchia
 * Khmer:
 * Kikuyu: Kampuchia
 * Korean: ^캄푸치아
 * Lao: ກຳປູເຈັຽ
 * Latvian: Kampučija
 * Luhya: Kampuchia
 * Luo: Kampuchia
 * Macedonian:
 * Meru: Kampuchia
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: Kampuchea
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: Kampuchia
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: Кампучија
 * Roman: Kampučija
 * Slovak: Kampučia
 * Slovene: Kampučija
 * Swedish:
 * Thai:
 * Turkish: Kampuçya
 * Ukrainian: Кампучі́я
 * Vietnamese:

title: Kampuchea


text:
កម្ពុជា

Etymology
From or. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Proper noun

 * 1) ; Kampuchea

title: កម្ពុជា


text:
Talk:suomi

As far as I can tell, "suomi" is only the language and the country, the adjective is "suomalainen". Hippietrail 14:12, 2 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Please correct it. I don't know Finnish, I was just trying to fix some vandalism. Or what looked like vandalism. Polyglot 15:06, 2 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Hi Polyglot, sorry I didn't just fix it myself but sometimes I'm in a hurry or I'm not 100% certain and a comment in Talk may attract a native speaker. Just like now I see "suomalainen" is the translation for "Finn" also, but I don't have a way to check right now... Hippietrail 01:42, 3 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Hi, I am a native speaker and can tell you that suomi can also be used as an adjective (or similar) to replace the term "suomalainen" or "suomesta (of Finland". Few commonly used phrases to demonstrate that are: suomipoika (or Suomi-poika) a Finnish man, "Finnish bloke". Suomi-rokki (or Suomi-rock) - Finnish rock music. In a very official use is the term "Suomi-kuva" - (public) image of Finland. --Vassilik 06:38, 18 September 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:suomi


text:
hierophant

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  An ancient Greek priest who interpreted sacred mysteries, especially the priest of the Eleusinian Mysteries.
 * 2) An interpreter of sacred mysteries or arcane knowledge.
 * 3) One who explains or makes a commentary.
 * 1) An interpreter of sacred mysteries or arcane knowledge.
 * 2) One who explains or makes a commentary.
 * 1) One who explains or makes a commentary.
 * 1) One who explains or makes a commentary.
 * 1) One who explains or makes a commentary.
 * 1) One who explains or makes a commentary.
 * 1) One who explains or makes a commentary.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: първожрец
 * Catalan: hierofanta
 * Coptic: ϩⲓⲉⲣⲟⲫⲁⲛⲧⲏⲥ
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: hierofant
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian: hierofáns
 * Italian: ierofante
 * Japanese: 聖師
 * Occitan:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romagnol:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Sicilian: jerufanti
 * Spanish: hierofante

 * Coptic: ϩⲓⲉⲣⲟⲫⲁⲛⲧⲏⲥ
 * Dutch: hiërofant
 * French:

 * French:

title: hierophant


text:
suomalainen

Etymology
, from the same root as. The presence of -a instead of expected -e might indicate origin from a parallel root.

Adjective

 * 1) Finnish, of or relating to Finland
 * 2)  Finnish, relating to the Finnish language

Noun

 * 1) Finn

title: suomalainen


text:
tsarina

Etymology
Via or, from , , feminine form of ,.

Noun

 * 1)  An empress of several Eastern European countries, especially Russia, or the wife of a tsar.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: قَيْصَرَة
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: çariça, çariçə
 * Belarusian: цары́ца
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 女沙皇
 * Czech:
 * Danish: zarina
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: carino
 * Estonian: tsaarinna
 * Finnish:, tsaarinna
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Greek:, τσαρίτσα
 * Hebrew: צארית
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Ido: ,
 * Irish: bansár
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ツァリーツァ
 * Korean: 차리차
 * Latvian: cariene
 * Lithuanian: carienė
 * Macedonian: царица
 * Malay: czarina
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: tsarina
 * Nynorsk: tsarina
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: tsarina,, tzarina
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ца̏рица
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: cárovná
 * Slovene: carica
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: tsarinna, tsaritsa
 * Tagalog: sarina
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:
 * Uzbek: tsaritsa
 * Vietnamese: nữ sa hoàng, nữ Nga hoàng
 * Volapük:,  jizar
 * Yiddish: צאַריצע, צאַרינע

Etymology
Probably from Italian or Spanish, cf. the English etymology.

Noun

 * 1)  female tsar/empress, wife of a tsar

Etymology
From, a feminine form of.

Etymology
From, a feminine form of.

title: tsarina


text:
tartan

Etymology 1
Blend of, from , and Middle French , from , from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) A kind of woven woollen cloth with a distinctive pattern of coloured stripes intersecting at right angles, associated with Scottish Highlanders, different clans and some Scottish families and institutions having their own distinctive patterns.
 * 2) The pattern associated with such material.
 * 3) An individual or a group wearing tartan; a Highlander or Scotsman in general.

Translations

 * Catalan: tartà
 * Cornish: brith
 * Danish: tartan
 * Esperanto: tartano
 * French:
 * Irish: breacán
 * Manx: breckan
 * Polish:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: шотла́ндский плед
 * Scottish Gaelic: tartan
 * Slovene: škotski karo
 * Spanish: tartán
 * Welsh: plod

 * German: Schottenkaro
 * Polish:

Adjective

 * 1) Having a pattern like a tartan.
 * 2)  Scottish.
 * 1)  Scottish.
 * 1)  Scottish.

Translations

 * Danish: skotskternet
 * Finnish: skottiruutuinen
 * Manx: breck, breckanagh
 * Polish: tartanowy

Verb

 * 1)  To clothe in tartan.

Etymology 2
Borrowed from, from , of uncertain origin.

Noun

 * 1) A type of one-masted lateen-sailed vessel used in the Mediterranean.
 * 2) * 1877,, Ellen E. Frewer (translator), Hector Servadac, Part 2, Chapter X: Market Prices in Gallia,
 * Hakkabut hereupon descended into the hold of the tartan, and soon returned, carrying ten packets of tobacco, each weighing one kilogramme, and securely fastened by strips of paper, labelled with the French Government stamp.
 * 1) * 1896,, Rodney Stone, Chapter IV: The Peace of Amiens,
 * When we were watching Massena, off Genoa, we got a matter of seventy schooners, brigs, and tartans, with wine, food, and powder.
 * 1)  A kind of long covered carriage.

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Ido:
 * Italian: tartana
 * Ottoman Turkish: طرخاندیل
 * Polish: tartana
 * Spanish: tartana
 * Turkish:

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  woollen cloth with a distinctive pattern
 * 2)  synthetic resin, used for surfacing tracks etc.

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) tartan woollen cloth with a distinctive pattern of intersecting orthogonal coloured stripes, associated with Scottish Highlanders.
 * 2) A kilt or cloak made of tartan.

Usage notes
Neuter gender is usually preferred for the mass noun denoting the fabric while masculine is preferred for countable nouns, but the distinction is not observed as clearly for this word as it is for other terms that are both mass nouns and countable nouns.

Etymology 1
, from, from , , from , from , from , from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) clothing made of such fabric
 * 1) clothing made of such fabric
 * 1) clothing made of such fabric

Etymology
.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) tartan

title: tartan


text: darf

title: darf


text:
darfst

Verb

 * 1) you may;

title: darfst


text:
danke

Adverb

 * 1) thankfully

Interjection

 * 1) thanks

Etymology
Ellipsis of.

Interjection

 * 1) thanks, thank you

Etymology
From, from.

Verb

 * 1) to thank

Verb

 * 1) to thank

title: danke


text:
davon

Etymology
From, , , equivalent to 🇰🇲.

Adverb

 * 1) from it, from that, therefrom, off it, off that

title: davon


text:
decke

Verb

 * 1)  "I cover"

title: decke


text:
dein

Etymology
From, from. Akin to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,.

Pronoun

 * 1) * 19th century, Nikolaus Lenau, Schilflieder, no. 3:
 * "de"
 * "de"

- Auf geheimem Waldespfade Schleich ich gern im Abendschein An das öde Schilfgestade, Mädchen, und gedenke dein!

Determiner

 * 1) thy, your.

Declension
When used as a pronoun, the nominative masculine takes the form, and the nominative/accusative neuter takes the form or.
 * mein Vater und deiner – my father and yours
 * Das ist mein Fahrrad. Das andere ist dein(e)s. – This is my bike. The other one is yours.

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Determiner

 * 1) thy, your

Etymology
variant, with of the final syllable.

Pronunciation

 * Note: monosyllabic, except one apparent instance in Terentianus Maurus and occasionally in Late and Medieval Latin.
 * Note: monosyllabic, except one apparent instance in Terentianus Maurus and occasionally in Late and Medieval Latin.
 * Note: monosyllabic, except one apparent instance in Terentianus Maurus and occasionally in Late and Medieval Latin.

Verb

 * 1) to molest

title: dein


text:
dem

Determiner

 * 1)  (in the sense of "those")
 * 2)  (clitic, suffix) A group of.
 * 1)  (clitic, suffix) A group of.

Derived terms

 * gyal dem

Etymology
From, from (compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), from  (compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬).

Noun

 * 1) bull
 * 2) main load-bearing beam in a floor

Etymology 1
From clipping of.

Verb

 * 1)  to demonstrate; to show; to perform

Etymology 2
From clipping of.

Proper noun

 * 1)  A member or supporter of the Democratic Party in the United States.
 * 1)  A member or supporter of the Democratic Party in the United States.

Pronoun

 * 1) them

Pronunciation

 * (for the pronoun)
 * (for the article)

Article

 * : the

Pronoun

 * : to whom, to which

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) they
 * 2) them
 * 3) theirs

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) them, they

Etymology
From, cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) time

Pronoun

 * 1) them

Etymology
Compare 🇨🇬.

Article

 * : the

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) them

Pronoun

 * 1) them;

Usage notes
In most dialects, and  are no longer distinguished in speech. They are regularly mixed up in writing by native speakers, due to lack of grammatical intuition. The article de is often mixed up with dem as well.

Etymology 1
Cognate with 🇨🇬, from.

Noun

 * 1) dew

Etymology 2
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) breath
 * 2) moment

Synonyms

 * (breath):
 * (moment):

Etymology 3
, from.

Noun

 * 1)  blood

Verb

 * 1) to go

Etymology
Related to 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) time

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to add

title: dem


text:
denn

Etymology
From, , from , a variant of (see ). The functional split between denn and dann was prescribed only by the grammarians of the 18th century. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Conjunction

 * 1) for; because; since
 * 2)  than
 * 1)  than

Usage notes
The normal conjunction after a comparative is ; is generally archaic. Only in two cases is it still found in contemporary German:
 * before als meaning “as, like”, in order to avoid reduplication: Er war nie glücklicher denn als kleiner Junge. — “He was never happier than as a little boy.” This usage is formal.
 * before : Er ist glücklicher denn je. — “He is happier than ever before.” This usage is normal or only slightly formal. The combination als je is not common, but one can say als je zuvor.

Adverb

 * 1)  then, ever, but, now used for emphasis or to express interest, surprise or doubt, or in rhetorical questions
 * 2)  thus, so; expresses a consequence; see usage notes
 * 3)  then, after that, in that case
 * 1)  thus, so; expresses a consequence; see usage notes
 * 2)  then, after that, in that case
 * 1)  then, after that, in that case

Usage notes
and are originally variants of the same word but came to be distinguished in modern German. Dann is an adverb with the basic meaning “then” (in the sense of “after that” or “in that case”). Denn is chiefly a conjunction meaning “because, for”. However, when denn is used as an adverb, the distinction from dann can be somewhat problematic.

 * Dann and denn in questions:
 * Denn is frequently used in questions to emphasize the questioner’s interest in the answer and often to express a degree of surprise:
 * Wir machen jetzt Mittag. — Seid ihr denn schon fertig?
 * We’re off to lunch now. — But are you done already?
 * Dann is less frequent in questions, but it can express that the question is based on an assumption:
 * Wir machen jetzt Mittag. — Seid ihr dann schon fertig?
 * We’re off to lunch now. — So are you already done then?

 * Dann and denn meaning “thus”:
 * The normal words for “thus, so” expressing a consequence are and (literary) . However, both dann and denn can also mean “thus”, chiefly when they are not the first word of the clause:
 * Angesichts dieser widerstrebenden Einflüsse verlief die Entwicklung des Landes dann/denn in der Tat recht ungewöhnlich.
 * Given these conflicting influences, the development of the country thus took indeed a rather peculiar course.
 * The difference here is very vague. Denn may slightly emphasize that there is an actual logical consequence between both facts.

 * Dann and denn in regional speech:
 * Colloquially, the distinction may not be strictly followed. Particularly, dann is used in questions in parts of western Germany and denn is used for “then” in parts of northern Germany:
 * Sin’ Se dann schon achtzehn? (“Are you even eighteen yet?”) — Rhineland
 * Na, denn man los! (“So then let’s go!”) — Lower Saxony, Hamburg, etc.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) den or lair
 * 2) a woodland pasture for swine

Etymology
From, from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) thin, slim, skinny, slender, lean, gaunt
 * 2) sparse

title: denn


text:
drei

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from.

Numeral

 * 1) three

Etymology
From and.

Pronunciation

 * In proper pronunciation, Ripuarian does not rhyme with , but younger speakers may merge these diphthongs.
 * In proper pronunciation, Ripuarian does not rhyme with , but younger speakers may merge these diphthongs.

Numeral

 * 1)  three

Etymology
From and, from , from , from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1)  three numerical value represented by the Arabic numeral 3; or describing a set with three elements

Declension

 * In adjectival use (that is, with a following noun):
 * Nominative, dative, and accusative are always uninflected.
 * The genitive case takes the form  if no article or pronoun is preceding: Vater dreier Kinder – “a father of three children”; but: der Vater der drei Kinder – “the father of the three children”. The form dreier is somewhat elevated; even in formal writing it is sometimes more natural to avoid it (Vater von drei Kindern).
 * In substantival use (that is, without a following noun):
 * Nominative and accusative are uninflected in the contemporary standard language. The form still exists in colloquial German, chiefly in eastern Germany.
 * The dative case may take the form : Ich sprach mit dreien. – “I spoke with three (people).” This rule is usually observed in formal standard German; but when a specification in the genitive case (or with ) is following, the bare form is more common: Ich sprach mit drei der Zeugen. – “I spoke with three of the witnesses.” In colloquial German, dreien is never obligatory.

Etymology
From, , , from , from , from , from.

Ultimately cognate to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1)  three (3)

Etymology
, from and, from , from , from.

Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1)  three

Etymology
From and. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1) three

Etymology
From, from , from.

Pronoun

 * 1) we

Etymology
From.

title: drei


text:
wag

Etymology
From, probably from with reinforcement from ; both from. Related to 🇨🇬.

The verb may be regarded as an iterative or emphatic form of, which is often nearly synonymous; it was used, e.g., of a loose tooth. Parallel formations from the same root are the Old Norse vagga feminine, cradle (Swedish vagga, Danish vugge), Swedish, Dutch , early modern German waggen (dialectal German wacken) to waver, totter. Compare waggle, verb

Verb

 * 1) To swing from side to side, as an animal's tail, or someone's head, to express disagreement or disbelief.
 * 2)  To play truant from school.
 * 3)  To go; to proceed; to move; to progress.
 * 4) To move continually, especially in gossip; said of the tongue.
 * 5)  To leave; to depart.
 * 1)  To go; to proceed; to move; to progress.
 * 2) To move continually, especially in gossip; said of the tongue.
 * 3)  To leave; to depart.
 * 1)  To go; to proceed; to move; to progress.
 * 2) To move continually, especially in gossip; said of the tongue.
 * 3)  To leave; to depart.
 * 1)  To leave; to depart.
 * 1)  To leave; to depart.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: logre
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: svingi
 * Finnish:, huiskuttaa ; , huiskua, huiskaa
 * French: ,
 * Galician: ,
 * Georgian:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient Greek: σαίνω
 * Hungarian:, , , , ide-oda mozgat
 * Irish: croith, luasc
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Khmer:
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: با دان
 * Maori: takawheta, takawhetawheta, tōroherohe, tātā
 * Mongolian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish:, , ,  ,
 * Portuguese:, dar ao rabo
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Thai:
 * Vietnamese:
 * Welsh: ,

 * Breton: ober skol al louarn
 * Bulgarian: бягам от училище
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, , ,
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:, iskolát kerül
 * Italian: marinare la scuola
 * Maori: takē kura
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: (okulu), ,

Noun

 * 1) An oscillating movement.
 * 2) A witty person.
 * 1) A witty person.

Translations

 * Catalan: cuada,
 * Finnish:, , huiskaus
 * German:
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Italian: scodinzolio
 * Russian:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech: šibal
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:, , , , , vidám fickó
 * Maori: naho
 * Portuguese: gracejador
 * Russian: ,
 * Scots: linkie
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) guard

Etymology 2
From, from , from , derived from.

Verb

 * 1)  to wait

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) wall (of a building or a house)

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) wave
 * 2) flood

Etymology
, also a colloquial pronunciation spelling.

title: wag


text:
suitcase

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) A large (usually rectangular) piece of luggage used for carrying clothes, and sometimes suits, when travelling.
 * 2)  In the  operating system, a file containing fonts, icons, sounds, and other resources.
 * 1)  In the  operating system, a file containing fonts, icons, sounds, and other resources.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Amharic: ሻንጣ
 * Arabic: حَقِيبَةُ السَّفَر,
 * Egyptian Arabic: شَنْطَة, صندوق
 * Armenian:, չամադան
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bashkir: сумаҙан
 * Belarusian: валі́за, валі́зка, чамада́н, ку́фар, куфэ́рак
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese: လက်ဆွဲသေတ္တာ
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese:, 喼, 手提箱
 * Mandarin:, , ,
 * Chuvash: чӑматан
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: valizo
 * Estonian: kohver
 * Faroese: kuffert
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: mala, maleta
 * Georgian: სამგზავრო ჩანთა, ჩემოდანი, საკვოიაჟი
 * German: ;
 * Greek:
 * Greenlandic: kufferti
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: cás
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Kabyle: tabalizt
 * Kannada:
 * Kazakh: шабадан
 * Khmer: វ៉ាលីស៍,
 * Korean: 여행 가방, ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: جانتا
 * Northern Kurdish: ,
 * Kyrgyz: ,
 * Ladino: validja
 * Lao:, ຫີບເດິນທາງ
 * Latin: riscus, vīdulus
 * Latvian: čemodāns, koferis
 * Lithuanian: lagaminas
 * Luxembourgish: Wallis
 * Macedonian: куфер, кофер
 * Malay: beg pakaian
 * Maltese: valiġġa, bagalja
 * Maori:
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: ,
 * Navajo: tsitsʼaaʼ naadloʼí, ééʼ bee naatʼáhí
 * Northern Sami: koaffar
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: koffert
 * Nynorsk: koffert
 * Occitan: maleta,
 * Pashto:
 * Persian:
 * Dari: بَکْس
 * Iranian Persian:, چَمِدون ,
 * Piedmontese: valis
 * Plautdietsch: Koffa
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: baga, màileid
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ко̀фер
 * Roman:
 * Sinhalese: සූට්කේස්
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: kofer
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog:
 * Tajik:
 * Tamil:
 * Taos: belísena
 * Tatar: чемодан
 * Thai: กระเป๋าเดินทาง,
 * Tibetan: སྒམ, ཀོ་འབོག
 * Tigrinya: ባልጃ ልብሲ
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: çemedan
 * Ukrainian:, , чемода́н
 * Urdu: سُوٹْکیس, سُوٹ کیس,, , جامَہ دان
 * Uyghur: چامادان
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese:, rương hành lý (箱行李)
 * Volapük: tävatrök
 * Welsh: ces dillad, siwtces
 * West Frisian: bûse
 * Yiddish: טשעמאָדאַן
 * Yup'ik: yaassiigek
 * Zazaki: bağul, waliz, valiz

Verb

 * 1) To trade using samples in a suitcase.
 * 2)  To smuggle in one's rectum.

title: suitcase


text:
clothes

Etymology 1
From, , plural of , , from , plural of , equivalent to. Cognate with 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  Items of clothing; apparel.
 * 2) The covering of a bed; bedclothes.
 * 3) Laundry (hung on a clothesline).
 * 1) The covering of a bed; bedclothes.
 * 2) Laundry (hung on a clothesline).
 * 1) Laundry (hung on a clothesline).

Translations

 * Afrikaans:
 * Albanian: rroba, tesha, ,
 * Arabic: مَلَابِس, ثِيَاب, كِسْوَة
 * Egyptian Arabic: هدوم, لبس
 * South Levantine Arabic: أواعي, ملابس, تياب
 * Armenian: ,
 * Aromanian: vishtimintu, nviscãmindu, stranj, stranjiu, alãxãmintu, stoli, custumi
 * Asturian: ropa
 * Azerbaijani:, , libas, əyin
 * Bashkir: кейем
 * Basque: arropa
 * Belarusian: адзе́жа, адзе́нне
 * Bengali:, ,
 * Bulgarian:, ,
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Cebuano: sinina
 * Central Sierra Miwok: ˀyká·py-
 * Chamicuro: ropa
 * Cherokee: ᏧᎾᏄᏬ, ᏗᎿᏬ
 * Chickasaw: naafka
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 衣服, 服裝, 衣著, 衣着, 衫褲, 衫
 * Dungan: йишон, йифу
 * Eastern Min: 衣裳
 * Hakka: 服裝, 衫褲
 * Hokkien: 衣服,, 衫褲, ,
 * Mandarin:, , , , 衣着
 * Wu: 衣裳
 * Cornish: dillas
 * Crimean Tatar: urba
 * Czech: ,
 * Danish:, klæder , beklædning
 * Dolgan: таӈас
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian: kehakate, riided, riietus
 * Faroese: klæði
 * Fataluku: faru
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ტანსაცმელი
 * German:, ; ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἐσθής, ἱμάτια
 * Hawaiian: lole
 * Hebrew: בְּגָדִים
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido: ,
 * Ilocano: bado
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: éadach
 * Istriot: vesteîti
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Javanese:
 * Kalmyk: хувцн
 * Kapampangan: malan
 * Karachay-Balkar: кийим
 * Karaim: kijit́
 * Kazakh: киім
 * Khakas: кип
 * Khmer: ខោអាវ,
 * Konkani: आउंगाले
 * Korean: ,
 * Kumyk: гийим
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: بەرگ, جل
 * Northern Kurdish:, , , ,
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Lao: ສົ້ງເສື້ອ, ເສື້ອຜ້າ, ເຄື່ອງນຸ່ງ
 * Latin: vestīmenta, vestītus, vestis , velāmen
 * Latvian: drēbes
 * Lithuanian: apranga
 * Macedonian: облека
 * Malay:
 * Maltese: ħwejjeġ
 * Maori: kākahu, ko(w)heka
 * Middle English: clething
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: ,
 * Navajo: ééʼ
 * Nepali:
 * Ngarrindjeri: mayinggar
 * Nogai: кийим
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:, bekledning
 * Occitan:
 * Old Church Slavonic:
 * Cyrillic: одежда
 * Old English: clāþas
 * Oromo: uffata
 * Ossetian: дарӕс, уӕлӕдарӕс, дзаума
 * Pashto: البسه, نواري
 * Pennsylvania German: Gleeder
 * Persian: ,
 * Polish:, ubrania,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Punjabi: ਬਸਤਰ, ਕੱਪੜੇ, ਪਹਿਰਾਵਾ
 * Quechua: p'acha
 * Romani: gada
 * Romanian:, ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: aodach
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: о̏дећа, о̏дјећа, о̀дежда
 * Roman: ȍdeća, ȍdjeća,
 * Sidamo: uddano
 * Slovak: oblečenie, šaty, oblek
 * Slovene:, perílo
 * Somali: lebis
 * Sotho: diaparo
 * Southern Altai: кийим
 * Spanish: ,
 * Sranan Tongo: krosi
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: kasuotan,
 * Tajik:
 * Tamil:, , ,
 * Tarifit: arruḍ
 * Tatar:
 * Thai:
 * Tibetan: ན་བཟའ, དུག་སློག
 * Tocharian B: wastsi
 * Tofa: кедім
 * Tok Pisin: klos
 * Turkish:, ,
 * Turkmen: geýim, egin-eşik
 * Ukrainian:, оде́жа, о́діж
 * Urdu: کپڑا, لباس, پوشاک
 * Urum: кийим ,т'ийим
 * Uyghur:
 * Uzbek: ,
 * Vietnamese: ,
 * Welsh: ,
 * West Flemish: klêers
 * White Hmong: khaub ncaws
 * Winnebago: wainį
 * Yakut: таҥас
 * Yiddish: אָנטאָן, קליידער
 * Yoruba: aṣọ, ẹ̀wù
 * Zhuang: buh, buhvaq

title: clothes


text:
bare

Etymology 1
From, , from , from , from , from , from.

Cognate with 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) Minimal; that is or are just sufficient.
 * 2) Naked, uncovered.
 * 3) Having no supplies.
 * 4) Having no decoration.
 * 5) Having had what usually covers (something) removed.
 * 6)  A lot or lots of.
 * 7) With head uncovered; bareheaded.
 * 8) Without anything to cover up or conceal one's thoughts or actions; open to view; exposed.
 * 9)  Mere; without embellishment.
 * 10) Threadbare, very worn.
 * 11) Not insured.
 * 1) Having had what usually covers (something) removed.
 * 2)  A lot or lots of.
 * 3) With head uncovered; bareheaded.
 * 4) Without anything to cover up or conceal one's thoughts or actions; open to view; exposed.
 * 5)  Mere; without embellishment.
 * 6) Threadbare, very worn.
 * 7) Not insured.
 * 1) With head uncovered; bareheaded.
 * 2) Without anything to cover up or conceal one's thoughts or actions; open to view; exposed.
 * 3)  Mere; without embellishment.
 * 4) Threadbare, very worn.
 * 5) Not insured.
 * 1) Threadbare, very worn.
 * 2) Not insured.
 * 1) Threadbare, very worn.
 * 2) Not insured.
 * 1) Not insured.

Synonyms

 * Thesaurus:condomless
 * (having had what usually covers (something) removed): despoiled, stripped, uncovered
 * (having had what usually covers (something) removed): despoiled, stripped, uncovered
 * (having had what usually covers (something) removed): despoiled, stripped, uncovered
 * (having had what usually covers (something) removed): despoiled, stripped, uncovered
 * (having had what usually covers (something) removed): despoiled, stripped, uncovered

Antonyms

 * , covered up, dressed, unexposed
 * ,, , supplied,
 * ed, decorated, ornate
 * ed, decorated, ornate

Translations

 * Bulgarian: най-малък
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ψιλός
 * Hungarian:, , ,
 * Italian:
 * Kabuverdianu: inban
 * Manx: lhome
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: minimal
 * Russian: едва́ доста́точный
 * Scottish Gaelic: lom
 * Spanish:

 * Armenian: ,
 * Basque:
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Faroese: berur
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German: ,
 * Gothic: 𐌽𐌰𐌵𐌰𐌸𐍃
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: γυμνός, ψιλός
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Ingrian: paljas, paljakas
 * Italian: ,
 * Korean:
 * Latin: nudus, nuda, nudum
 * Latvian:
 * Manx: lhome
 * Norman: nu
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: ,
 * Nynorsk: naken
 * Old English: bær
 * Persian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Sanskrit:
 * Scottish Gaelic: rùisgte, lom, lomnochd
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog:
 * Turkish:
 * Vietnamese:, ,
 * Volapük:
 * Walloon:
 * West Frisian: keal

 * Finnish:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian: ,
 * Kabuverdianu: inban
 * Scottish Gaelic: lom

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Italian: ,
 * Latvian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:, udekket
 * Persian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: lom
 * Spanish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ψιλός
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Italian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:, udekket, , snau, flein
 * Scottish Gaelic: lom, rùisgte
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: nahubaran

 * Finnish:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: ,

Adverb

 * 1)  Barely.
 * 2)  Very; significantly.
 * 3)  Without a condom.
 * 1)  Very; significantly.
 * 2)  Without a condom.
 * 1)  Without a condom.
 * 1)  Without a condom.
 * 1)  Without a condom.

Translations

 * Finnish:
 * Hungarian:, tökre
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: ,

 * Finnish: paljaalla
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: bareback, ubeskyttet

Noun

 * 1)  The surface, the (bare) skin.
 * 2) Surface; body; substance.
 * 3)  That part of a roofing slate, shingle, tile, or metal plate, which is exposed to the weather.
 * 1) Surface; body; substance.
 * 2)  That part of a roofing slate, shingle, tile, or metal plate, which is exposed to the weather.
 * 1)  That part of a roofing slate, shingle, tile, or metal plate, which is exposed to the weather.

Etymology 2
From, from , from.

Verb

 * 1)  To uncover; to reveal.

Usage notes
The verb should not be confused with the verb bear.

Synonyms

 * ,, , , ; see also Thesaurus:reveal

Translations

 * Finnish: ,
 * Hungarian:, , ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Ingrian: paljastaa
 * Latin: nudo
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: avdekke,
 * Spanish:
 * Volapük:

Etymology 3
Inflected forms.

Adjective

 * 1) calm

Noun

 * 1) slug

Noun

 * 1) spleen

Etymology 1
From the adjective.

Adverb

 * 1) just
 * 2) simply
 * 3) only, merely

Conjunction

 * 1) I wish, I hope, if only
 * 2) if only
 * 1) if only
 * 1) if only
 * 1) if only

Adjective

 * 1) best

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) bier, stretcher

Etymology 1
From, from , from.

Adjective

 * 1) unclothed; naked, nude

Verb

 * 1) to stand

Etymology
Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) topic
 * 2) hashtag

Adverb

 * 1) only, merely, just
 * 2) but

Conjunction

 * 1) if; as long as

title: bare


text:
naked

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from , from.

Adjective

 * 1) Bare, not covered by clothing.
 * She was as naked as the day she was born.
 * 1)  Lacking some clothing; clothed only in underwear.
 * 2) Glib, without decoration, put bluntly.
 * This is the naked truth.
 * The naked facts lay there on the table, enclosed within the files.
 * 1) Characterized by the nakedness of the people concerned or to whom the described noun is attributed.
 * 2)  Unarmed.
 * 3) Unaided, unaccompanied.
 * 4) Unprotected, uncovered.
 * 5) Without a condom.
 * 6)  Where the writer (seller) does not own the underlying asset to cover the contract.
 * a naked put; a naked call
 * 1)  Lacking resources or means, poor.
 * 2)  Lacking or devoid of something.
 * 3)  Blank, clean, empty.
 * 4)  Barren, having no foliage, unvegetated.
 * 5) Uncomfortable or vulnerable, as if missing something important.
 * I feel naked without my mobile phone.
 * 1)  Without any additives, or without some component that would usually be included.
 * a naked burrito (i.e. one without a tortilla); a naked burger (without a bun)
 * Naked Bacon (a brand without nitrates or phosphates)
 * 1)  Not hidden within an event horizon and thus observable from other parts of spacetime.
 * 1)  Where the writer (seller) does not own the underlying asset to cover the contract.
 * a naked put; a naked call
 * 1)  Lacking resources or means, poor.
 * 2)  Lacking or devoid of something.
 * 3)  Blank, clean, empty.
 * 4)  Barren, having no foliage, unvegetated.
 * 5) Uncomfortable or vulnerable, as if missing something important.
 * I feel naked without my mobile phone.
 * 1)  Without any additives, or without some component that would usually be included.
 * a naked burrito (i.e. one without a tortilla); a naked burger (without a bun)
 * Naked Bacon (a brand without nitrates or phosphates)
 * 1)  Not hidden within an event horizon and thus observable from other parts of spacetime.
 * 1)  Barren, having no foliage, unvegetated.
 * 2) Uncomfortable or vulnerable, as if missing something important.
 * I feel naked without my mobile phone.
 * 1)  Without any additives, or without some component that would usually be included.
 * a naked burrito (i.e. one without a tortilla); a naked burger (without a bun)
 * Naked Bacon (a brand without nitrates or phosphates)
 * 1)  Not hidden within an event horizon and thus observable from other parts of spacetime.

Synonyms

 * ,, , , , , , , , , showing skin
 * See also Thesaurus:naked

 * Thesaurus:condomless

Translations

 * Abkhaz: аҟьантаз
 * Adyghe: пцӏанэ
 * Afrikaans:, , kaalbas, nakend
 * Aklanon: oba
 * Albanian:, , gollomësh,
 * Arabic: عُرْيَان, عَارٍ
 * Egyptian Arabic: عريان
 * Hijazi Arabic: عُرْيان
 * Moroccan Arabic: عريان
 * South Levantine Arabic: عريان
 * Armenian: ,
 * Assamese: নাঙঠ, উদং
 * Asturian: desnudu, desvistíu
 * Avar: гӏицӏаб
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bashkir: шәрә
 * Basque: biluzi
 * Belarusian: го́лы, нагі́
 * Bengali:, , ,
 * Bikol Central: hubang pulos
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chamicuro: kolochoshko
 * Chechen: дерзина
 * Cherokee: ᎤᏰᎸᎭᎢ
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 冇著衫, 冇着衫
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Cornish: noth
 * Czech:
 * Dalmatian: noid
 * Danish:, , blottet, splitternøgen
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Elfdalian: nakun
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian: paljas,
 * Even: дьулаккан
 * Evenki: дюлакин
 * Faroese: nakin
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French:
 * Friulian: crot, nûd, nût
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: შიშველი, ტიტველი, დედიშობილა, ტანჩაუცმელი
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐌽𐌰𐌵𐌰𐌸𐍃
 * Greek: ,
 * Ancient: γυμνός
 * Hebrew: ,
 * Hindi: ,
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Hunsrik: nackich
 * Icelandic:, , allsber
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Ingrian: alastoin, paljas, paljakas
 * Ingush: верзан
 * Irish: nocht
 * Italian:, ,
 * Japanese:
 * Javanese:
 * Kabardian:
 * Kapampangan: lubas
 * Kazakh: жалаңаш, тыржалаңаш
 * Korean: 벌거벗은,
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: ڕووت
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Ladino: dezbragado, desnudo
 * Lao: ເປືອຍ, ປະເປືອຍ
 * Latgalian: plyks
 * Latin: nudus
 * Latvian: ,
 * Lithuanian:, plikas
 * Lombard:
 * Low German: naakd, naked
 * Macedonian: гол
 * Malay: telanjang
 * Maltese: mikxuf
 * Manx: lhome
 * Maori: tahanga, kirikau, hahake
 * Marathi: नागडा, नागडी, नागडे
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: ,
 * Mongolian: ᠨᠢᠴᠦᠭᠦᠨ, ᠱᠠᠯᠳᠠᠩ
 * Norwegian:
 * Nyunga: balak
 * Occitan: desnut
 * Odia: ,
 * Old Church Slavonic: нагъ, голъ
 * Old English: nacod
 * Old High German: nackot
 * Old Javanese: wuda
 * Old Norse: nakinn, berr, naktr
 * Ossetian: бӕгънӕг
 * Pashto: ,
 * Persian: ,
 * Plautdietsch: noaktich
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Quechua: q'ara
 * Romagnol: nud
 * Romani:
 * Kalo Finnish Romani: nango, uutan koola
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Samoan: telefua
 * Sardinian: nu, nuu, nuo, nudu, nutu
 * Scottish Gaelic: lomnochd, rùisgte, lom
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: го, гол, наг
 * Roman:, ,
 * Sicilian: ,
 * Slovak: nahý, holý
 * Slovene: ,
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: nagi
 * Upper Sorbian: nahi
 * Spanish:, , , , , ,  calancho,  ,  ,  chulón,  ,  , ,
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:, , , ,
 * Tagalog: hubo at hubad
 * Tajik:
 * Tetum: molik
 * Thai:, โล้งโต้ง
 * Tibetan:
 * Tongan: telefua
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: ýalanaç, ýalaňaç
 * Tuvan: чанагаш
 * Tày: cùng càng
 * Ukrainian: го́лий, наги́й
 * Urdu: ننگا
 * Uyghur: يالىڭاچ,
 * Uzbek: ,
 * Venetian: nuo, desnù
 * Vietnamese: ,
 * Volapük:
 * Welsh:
 * West Frisian: neaken, bleat
 * Xhosa: ntswempu, ze
 * Yiddish: נאַקעט
 * Zazaki: veran
 * Zulu: nqunu

 * French:
 * German:
 * Latin: nūdus

 * Afrikaans: naakt
 * Bulgarian:
 * Danish:, utilsløret
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:, tout nu
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Manx: lhome
 * Norwegian:
 * Old High German: nackot
 * Pashto: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Slovene:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Danish:, uafskærmet
 * Finnish:, ,
 * Icelandic:, óvarinn
 * Norwegian:
 * Old High German: nackot
 * Pashto:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: lom
 * Spanish:

 * French:

 * Finnish:
 * Hungarian:
 * Old High German: nackot

 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian:
 * Georgian: ,
 * German: ,
 * Guerrero Amuzgo:
 * Korean: ,
 * Mandarin:
 * Old English: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Telugu:

Etymology
From, from. Compare.

Adjective

 * 1) Uncovered; exposed, visible:
 * 2) Fully bodily uncovered;, clothesless or unclothed.
 * 3) Partially bodily uncovered or bald; uncovered in a specific area.
 * 4) Of a melee weapon; lacking a hilt or sheath; openly carried or readied.
 * 5) Of an wound; exposed; open, showing internals.
 * 6) Apparent, unveiled, obviously visible in contrast to a previous state
 * 7)  Having none of something; bare of a thing or quality:
 * 8) Having no armour or weapons; unequipped for battle.
 * 9) Unvegetated; lacking plant growth or ground cover.
 * 10) Bereft of possessions or accoutrements; without one's or its trappings.
 * 11) Put in literal form; without decoration or accoutrements.
 * 12) Referring to the core or substance of something.
 * 13)  Undiluted, unqualified, unconditional.
 * 14)  Restrained, unextended, bound.
 * 15)  Lacking feelings or sympathy.

Noun

 * 1) An exposed part of the body.
 * 2)  The state of being naked.

title: naked


text:
ton

Etymology 1
Variant of, influenced by.

Noun

 * 1) Any of various units of mass, originally notionally equal to the contents of a tun, particularly:
 * 2) The short ton of 2000 pounds (about 907 kg), 20 hundredweights of 100 pounds avoirdupois each.
 * 3) The long ton of 2240 pounds (about 1016 kg), 20 hundredweights of 112 pounds avoirdupois each.
 * 4) The metric ton of 1000 kilograms, 10 quintals of 100 kilograms each.
 * 5) Any of various units of volume, originally notionally equal to the contents of a tun, particularly:
 * 6) The measurement ton of  40 or  42 cubic feet (about 1.1 or 1.2 m³).
 * 7) The register ton of 100 cubic feet (about 2.83 m³).
 * 8)  Any large, excessive, or overwhelming amount of anything.
 * 9)  A unit of thermal power equal to 12,000 BTU/h (about 3.5 kW), approximating the idealized rate of cooling provided by uniform isothermal melting of 1 short ton of ice per day at 0°C.
 * , particularly
 * 1) 100 pounds sterling.
 * 2)  100 points.
 * 3)  100 runs.
 * 4) A speed of 100 mph.
 * 1) 100 pounds sterling.
 * 2)  100 points.
 * 3)  100 runs.
 * 4) A speed of 100 mph.
 * 1) A speed of 100 mph.
 * 1) A speed of 100 mph.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: طُن ( أَطْنَان)
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Belarusian: то́на
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: tuno
 * Estonian:
 * Faroese: tons
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: ტონა
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: тонна
 * Khmer: ,
 * Korean:
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Lao: ຕັນ, ໂຕນ
 * Latvian: tonna
 * Lithuanian:
 * Lü: ᦎᧃ, ᦎᦷᧃ
 * Macedonian: тон
 * Malay:
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Mongolian: ᠲᠣᠨ
 * Norman: tonné
 * Northern Thai: ᨲᩢ᩠ᨶ, ᨲᩰᩫ᩠ᨶ
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: tonn
 * Pashto: ټن
 * Persian:
 * Dari:
 * Iranian Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: то̏на
 * Roman:
 * Sinhalese: ටොන්
 * Slovak: tona
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili: tani
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: tonelada
 * Tajik: тонна
 * Tatar: тонн, тонна
 * Thai:, โตน
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: tonna
 * Ukrainian:
 * Urdu:
 * Uyghur: توننا
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese:
 * Yiddish: טאַן
 * Yoruba: tọ́ọ̀nù

 * Finnish: läjäpäin
 * French: ,
 * Hungarian:, (egy) rakás, (egy) halom, egy csomó
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: a base de bien,, , a porrillo, a espuertas, , a punta de pala, a patadas
 * Swedish:, tonvis
 * Tagalog: tone-tonelada

 * Finnish:
 * Hungarian: száz mérföld per óra, óránként száz mérföld(-es sebesség)

 * Finnish:, ,
 * Hungarian: száz font

Etymology 2
Borrowed from, from. .

Noun

 * 1) Fashion, the current style, the vogue.
 * 2) Fashionable society; those in style.
 * 1) Fashionable society; those in style.
 * 1) Fashionable society; those in style.

Noun

 * , particularly the common tunny or horse mackerel.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) tuna

Etymology 1
, from, reduced form of , from. Compare 🇨🇬.

In unstressed position in Vulgar Latin etc. were monosyllabic and regularly became  etc. in Catalan. When stressed they were disyllabic and became, >  etc.

Determiner

 * 1) your (singular)

Usage notes

The standard masculine plural form is tos, but can be found in some dialects.

Noun

 * 1) torch

Noun

 * 1) fur coat

Derived terms

 * ton: short fur

Etymology
From, variant of.

Noun

 * 1)  unit of weight

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) barrel
 * 2)  1000 kilograms
 * 3) 100,000 of some monetary unit, particularly guilders
 * Dat zou zeker een ton kosten.
 * Dat zou zeker een ton euro kosten.
 * 140.000 euro is bijna drie ton gulden
 * 1) A large amount.
 * Hij leende tonnen met geld. - He borrowed large amounts of money.

Etymology
..

Determiner

 * 1) your

Etymology 1
,, from.

Determiner

 * 1)  your

Usage notes
Ton is used before all singular nouns beginning with a vowel or a mute H, even those that are feminine. However, ta is used with singular feminine nouns beginning with an aspirated H.

Etymology 2
., a later borrowing.

Noun

 * 1) tone sound of a particular frequency
 * 2)  tone
 * 3) tone manner of speaking
 * 4) tone, shade of colour
 * 1) tone, shade of colour
 * 1) tone, shade of colour

Etymology 1
From, from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) thunder

Etymology 2
From, from. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) tuna

Etymology 3
Ultimately borrowed from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) tone

Etymology
.

Adverb

 * 1)  there, over there

Usage notes

 * Used anaphorically

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) tuna

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  unit of weight

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from , itself from a word cognate to 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) tonne, metric ton: a unit of weight (mass) equal to 1000 kilograms.
 * 2) register ton, a unit of a ship's capacity equal to 100 cubic feet or 2.83 m3.
 * 3) long ton, weight ton: the avoirdupois or Imperial ton of 2,240 pounds (1,016.0469 kg).
 * 4) displacement ton
 * 5)  A thousand.
 * 1)  A thousand.

Etymology 2
From, from , ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1)  tone

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1) to turn

Etymology
From ; equivalent to.

Etymology
From.

Determiner

 * 1) your (second-person singular possessive)

Etymology
. Cognate of 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to see
 * 2) to look

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) tuna (fish)

Etymology
, from, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  tone

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) tuna

Etymology 2
, from. Doublet of.

Noun

 * 1) tone

Noun

 * 1) tone

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) you singular

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) tonne

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1) tone (sound of a particular frequency)
 * 2)  tone (interval)
 * 3) tone (behaviour)
 * 4) tone, shade of colour
 * 1) tone, shade of colour

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) you (singular)

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) tone (all senses)

Etymology 2
.

Noun

 * 1) tonne, metric ton

Etymology 3
.

Noun

 * 1) tuna

Noun

 * 1) sound

Etymology 1
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) wave, billow

Etymology 2
, from, from the o-grade of ~.

Noun

 * 1) lea, unploughed land
 * 2) skin, rind, crust

Pronoun

 * 1) Second person dual subject
 * you two
 * 1) Second person plural subject
 * you (three or more)

title: ton


text:
mph

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 英里每小時
 * Georgian: მილი საათში
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Scottish Gaelic: msu
 * Welsh: mya

title: mph


text:
Notbeleuchtung

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) emergency lighting

title: Notbeleuchtung


text:
whereby

Adverb

 * 1)  By what, in which direction; how.
 * Whereby goest thou?
 * 1) By which.
 * 2)  Where, wherein, in which.
 * 1)  Where, wherein, in which.
 * 1)  Where, wherein, in which.

Usage notes
Use of whereby as a formal equivalent of where is nonstandard and is avoided by careful speakers and writers, who use where or in which instead.

Translations

 * Arabic: الذي به, بذلك
 * Bulgarian: по какъв начин
 * Catalan: pel qual, per la qual
 * Czech:, čímž,
 * Danish: hvorved
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: par quoi, par lequel
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌴
 * Hungarian:, mi/ami által/révén/útján, mi/ami/minek/aminek/amelynek alapján/értelmében, miből, , amelyből
 * Italian: per cui
 * Norwegian: hvorved
 * Portuguese: pelo qual
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: mediante el cual, por la cual
 * Swedish:

title: whereby


text:
nudism

Etymology
From. .

Noun

 * 1) The belief in or practice of going nude in social, nonsexualized and frequently mixed-gender groups specifically in cultures where going nude in the social situation is not the norm.

Translations

 * Abkhaz: анудизм
 * Albanian: nudizëm
 * Arabic: عُرْيَانِيَّة, مَذْهَب الْعُرْي
 * Egyptian Arabic: مذهب العري
 * Armenian: ,
 * Asturian: nudismu
 * Azerbaijani: nudizm
 * Basque: naturismo
 * Belarusian: нуды́зм
 * Bengali: নগ্নতাবাদ
 * Bulgarian: нуди́зъм
 * Catalan: nudisme
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, 天然主義
 * Cornish: diwiskieth
 * Crimean Tatar: nudizem, nudizm
 * Czech:
 * Danish: nudisme
 * Dutch:
 * Eastern Mari: нудизм
 * Esperanto: nudismo
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: nudismo
 * Georgian: ნუდიზმი
 * German: Nudismus, ,
 * Alemannic German: Fraikörperkultur
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: नग्नतावाद, नग्नवाद, न्युडिज़्म
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: nochtachas
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ヌーディズム, 裸体主義
 * Kazakh: нудизм
 * Korean: 나체주의(裸體主義), 라체주의(裸體主義), 누디즘
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Kyrgyz: нудизм
 * Latin: nudismus, gymnismus
 * Latvian: nūdisms
 * Lithuanian: nudizmas
 * Macedonian: нуди́зам
 * Marathi: नग्नतावाद
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: nudisme
 * Ossetian: нудизм
 * Persian: برهنه‌گرایی, نودیسم
 * Picard: nudisme
 * Polish: nudyzm
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Scots: nudism
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: нудѝзам
 * Roman:
 * Sinhalese: ස්වභාවාදය
 * Slovak: nudizmus
 * Slovene: nudizem
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tajik: нудизм
 * Tatar: нудизм
 * Turkish: nudizm
 * Turkmen: nudizm
 * Ukrainian: нуди́зм
 * Urdu: عُرْیانِیَت
 * Uzbek: nudizm
 * Vietnamese: chủ nghĩa khỏa thân
 * Welsh: noethlymuniaeth
 * Zazaki: nudizm

Etymology
..

title: nudism


text:
nudist

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) A person who practices nudism.

Antonyms

 * clothist
 * textilist
 * textile

Translations

 * Abkhaz: анудист
 * Afrikaans: naakloper
 * Armenian: ,
 * Belarusian: нудыст, нудыстка
 * Catalan: nudista
 * Dutch:, nudiste,
 * Esperanto: nudisto
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician: nudista
 * Georgian:
 * Hungarian:
 * Ido:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Mandarin: 裸体主义的
 * Marathi: नग्नतावादी
 * Polish: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, , нудистуша, ,
 * Slovak: nudista, nudistka
 * Spanish:
 * Thai:
 * Ukrainian: нудист, нудистка

Adjective

 * 1)  Relating to nudists and nudism.

Translations

 * Asturian: nudista
 * Catalan: nudista
 * Esperanto: nudisma
 * Finnish:, , nudistinen, naturistinen
 * Galician: nudista
 * Marathi: नग्नतावादी
 * Polish: nudystyczny
 * Russian:
 * Slovak: nudistický
 * Spanish:

Etymology
Borrowed from, from.

Noun

 * 1) A.

Etymology
..

Noun

 * a

title: nudist


text:
naturist

Noun

 * 1) One who follows a philosophical belief in a naked, natural life and prefers to live without clothes, often for reasons of ecology, health, religious belief, and/or ethical concerns.
 * 2) One who believes in the doctrine of naturism, which attributes everything to nature.
 * 1) One who believes in the doctrine of naturism, which attributes everything to nature.
 * 1) One who believes in the doctrine of naturism, which attributes everything to nature.

Translations

 * Abkhaz: анатурист
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian:
 * German: Naturist, Naturistin
 * Italian:
 * Korean:
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish: naturisto, naturista

 * Abkhaz: анатурист
 * Romanian:, naturistă

Adjective

 * 1) Of or relating to naturism, the philosophical belief in a naked, natural life and prefers to live without clothes, often for reasons of health, ecology, religious belief, and/or ethical concerns.
 * 2) Relating to or believing in the doctrine of naturism, which attributes everything to nature.

Translations

 * French:
 * German: naturistisch
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: натуристский

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) A.

Etymology
.

title: naturist


text:
naturism

Etymology
Borrowed from. Equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) The belief in or practice of going nude in social settings, often in mixed-gender groups, specifically either in cultures where this is not the norm or for health reasons.
 * 2) The worship of the powers of nature.

Translations

 * Abkhaz: анатуризм
 * Arabic:
 * Egyptian Arabic: مذهب العري
 * Bengali: নগ্নতাবাদ
 * Breton: naturegezh
 * Catalan: naturisme
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician: naturismo
 * Georgian: ნატურიზმი
 * German: Naturismus
 * Greek:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ヌーディズム
 * Korean:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: naturisme
 * Nynorsk: naturisme
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Sinhalese: ස්වභාවාදය
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: натуризм
 * Vietnamese: chủ nghĩa khỏa thân

 * Abkhaz: анатуризм
 * Catalan: naturisme
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 天然主義
 * Finnish:
 * Georgian: ნატურიზმი
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:

Etymology
..

Noun

 * 1)  (lifestyle of practicing social nudity)

title: naturism


text:
царь

Etymology
Shortened from, from a language, from , from

Noun

 * 1) emperor
 * 2) * from Vita Constantini, 1800310-1800400:
 * "cu"

- отъ селѣ нѣсмь азь ни цр҃ю слоуга ни иномоу никомоу же на земли, нъ тъкъмо б҃оу вьседрьжителю. не бѣхꙿ и бꙑхь и ѥсмь въ вѣкꙑ аминь.

 * 1) tsar

Etymology
, from, from , from a language, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) tsar, Russian emperor
 * 2) king (figuratively, or referring to ancient or non-European monarchs)

Usage notes

 * From 1721 to 1917, Russia was officially an Empire, and its monarchs referred to as (officially),, or . For much of that time period, referring to the monarch (in his role as the ruler of Russia) as  would have been seen as a colloquialism. The Russian monarch's official list of titles over non-Russian territories did include e.g. , which in English was rendered as “King of Poland”.

Descendants

 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:
 * Samic:

title: царь


text:
царица

Noun

 * : tsarina, tsaritsa
 * : empress, queen
 * 1)  queen

Noun

 * 1) empress; tsarina, tsaritsa

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * : tsarina, tsaritsa
 * 1) empress, queen (in ancient or non-European monarchies)
 * 2)  queen
 * 1)  queen

Noun

 * 1) czarina, tsarina
 * 2) empress

title: царица


text:
czarina

Noun

 * 1) tsarina empress or wife of tsar

title: czarina


text: tzarina

title: tzarina


text:
whole

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from.

The spelling with wh-, introduced in the 15th century, was for disambiguation with hole, and was absent in Scots.

Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬/, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬; also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Related to hale, health, hail, hallow, heal, and holy.

Adjective

 * 1) Entire, undivided.
 * I brought a whole lot of balloons for the party.  She ate a whole bunch of french fries.
 * 1) Sound, uninjured, healthy.
 * 2)  From which none of its constituents has been removed.
 * 3)  As yet unworked.
 * I brought a whole lot of balloons for the party.  She ate a whole bunch of french fries.
 * 1) Sound, uninjured, healthy.
 * 2)  From which none of its constituents has been removed.
 * 3)  As yet unworked.
 * 1) Sound, uninjured, healthy.
 * 2)  From which none of its constituents has been removed.
 * 3)  As yet unworked.
 * 1)  From which none of its constituents has been removed.
 * 2)  As yet unworked.
 * 1)  From which none of its constituents has been removed.
 * 2)  As yet unworked.
 * 1)  As yet unworked.
 * 1)  As yet unworked.

Translations

 * Arabic: كَامِل, كُلّ
 * Armenian:, ,
 * Aromanian: ãntreg, ntreg
 * Assamese: গোটেই, আটাই
 * Avar: сахаб
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bashkir: бөтөн
 * Basque:
 * Belarusian: цэ́лы, по́ўны
 * Bikol Central:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: ,
 * Cherokee: ᎬᏩᏃᏍᏓ
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech: ,
 * Dalmatian: intric
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Friulian: intîr
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: სრული, მთელი, მთლიანი
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐍃
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ὅλος
 * Hebrew: ,
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Irish: iomlán, go léir
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kashubian: cały
 * Khmer: ទាំងមូល
 * Korean:
 * Ladin: ntier, intier
 * Latin:, integer, universus, cunctus
 * Latvian:, vesels
 * Lezgi: сагъ
 * Lithuanian: visuminis
 * Macedonian: цел
 * Malay:
 * Maori: tūtahi,
 * Ngazidja Comorian: ontsi
 * Norman: entchi
 * Norwegian:
 * Occitan:
 * Old Church Slavonic: цѣлъ
 * Old Czech: cělý
 * Old English: eall
 * Old Irish: óg, imlán
 * Old Norse: allr
 * Ossetian: ӕгас
 * Persian: ,
 * Polabian: ganz
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Romansch: entir
 * Russian:, , , ,
 * Sanskrit: ,
 * Sardinian: interu
 * Scots: hail
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: це̏о
 * Roman:
 * Sicilian: nteru
 * Slovak:, úplný
 * Slovene: cel
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: ceły
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili: ote,
 * Swedish:
 * Tabasaran: сагъиб
 * Tajik:
 * Telugu:
 * Turkish:, ,
 * Ukrainian:, по́вний
 * Urdu: سارا
 * Venetian: intier, intiero, intrego, intriego
 * Vietnamese: (全體),  (全部)
 * Welsh: ,
 * West Frisian: hiel
 * Zazaki:

 * Catalan: ,
 * French:
 * German: Voll-
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

 * Albanian:
 * Basque:
 * Cebuano:
 * Icelandic:
 * Korean:
 * Serbo-Croatian: ,
 * Slovak:
 * Spanish:

Adverb

 * 1)  In entirety; entirely; wholly.

Translations

 * Armenian: ամբողջությամբ
 * Assamese: গোটেই
 * Bulgarian:
 * Danish: helt
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish: ,
 * German:
 * Hebrew: בשלמות, ,
 * Hungarian: egészben, ,
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 全体を
 * Latvian:, vesels
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian:

Noun

 * 1) Something complete, without any parts missing.
 * 2) An entirety.
 * 1) An entirety.
 * 1) An entirety.
 * 1) An entirety.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish: hele, helhed
 * Esperanto: tuto, tutaĵo
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Latin:
 * Latvian: vesels, veselais, veselums
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:, , ,
 * Russian:
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian:
 * Waray-Waray: bug-os

title: whole


text:
moecha

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * : a promiscuous woman; an adulteress

title: moecha


text:
Talk:tartan

I believe the #1 def should actually be the pattern itself, which is the one def which is missing. Can somebody more knowlegable please add this def and rearrange the others in the best order? Hippietrail 01:59, 3 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * I imported the definition from Wikipedia. Ortonmc 02:17, 3 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Well, my authority was the unabridged OED, which lists physical cloth first and abstract pattern as an afterthought. But hey, they're Brits, so what do they know. :-) Stan Shebs 03:49, 3 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Feel free to switch them around if you feel like it. Since there are no translations yet to mess up the numbering, it's easy. :-)  Ortonmc 04:42, 3 Mar 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:tartan


text:
epulae

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) feast, banquet, sumptuous meal
 * 2) dishes, meats.
 * 3)  food.
 * 1)  food.

Usage notes
This is used as a noun only in the plural and as the plural of. It is particularly used in the plural when describing a religious festival.

title: epulae


text:
nach

Etymology
From, from with preservation of word-final -h as -ch; thus pertaining to modern  (from Old High German inflected nāh-), from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Preposition

 * 1) after, past later in time
 * 2) after, behind in sequence
 * 3) to, towards (with geographical names; see usage notes below)
 * 4) according to; guided by
 * 5) * 1918, Elisabeth von Heyking, Die Orgelpfeifen, in: Zwei Erzählungen, Phillipp Reclam jun. Verlag, page 19:
 * "de"
 * 1) according to; guided by
 * 2) * 1918, Elisabeth von Heyking, Die Orgelpfeifen, in: Zwei Erzählungen, Phillipp Reclam jun. Verlag, page 19:
 * "de"
 * "de"

- Die eigenen Zimmer hatten sich die Enkel nach persönlichem Geschmack eingerichtet.

 * 1) by the authority of; following
 * 2)  like (see usage notes below)
 * 3) for
 * 1) for
 * 1) for

Usage notes

 * The directional preposition is now used chiefly with geographical names that do not have an article with them: nach Ägypten, nach Hamburg, etc. Only in elevated, literary style are there remnants of a freer use of nach:
 * — for which usually:
 * — for which usually:.
 * At times, this use of nach conveys the implication that the destination is not reached. Thus: Er fuhr zum Schloss. – “He travelled to the castle [and arrived there].” But: Er fuhr nach dem Schloss. – “He travelled towards the castle [and may or may not have arrived].”

 * Directional nach with personal names (or names of shops etc.) is found in the regional vernaculars of north-western Germany: nach Peter (“to Peter's house”). This is nonstandard usage.
 * There may be a slight semantic distinction between the use of and  after a verb of sensual perception. The following phrases both translate to English as “This feels like silk”, but compare the different implications: Das fühlt sich nach Seide an. (“This feels like silk, and it probably is.”) Das fühlt sich an wie Seide. (“This feels like silk, although it’s probably something else.”) This distinction is not a strict one, however.

Postposition

 * 1) according to

Adverb

 * 1)  after, behind, later, next to

Etymology
From, from , a combination of and ; compare 🇨🇬.

Conjunction

 * 1) that...not.

Particle

 * 1) not

Particle

 * 1) isn’t...?/whether/if it is...
 * 2) who/which isn’t...
 * 1) who/which isn’t...
 * 1) who/which isn’t...

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1) still
 * 2) yet
 * 3) just
 * 1) just

Conjunction

 * 1) nor
 * 2) * Luxembourgish translation of Matthew 5:35:

Usage notes

 * Often used with.

Etymology 1
From ; compare. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Determiner

 * 1) some, any
 * "sga"
 * "sga"

- it essamnu de ar ro·fitetar is ar nach n-indocbáil móir fo·daimim-se inso

 * "sga"
 * "sga"

- In tan imme·romastar són nach noíb, ara cuintea dílgud Dé isind aimsir sin.

Usage notes
Takes a connecting vowel a (in the Milan glosses) or i (in the Würzburg glosses) before a consonant-initial infixed pronoun.

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) ; that ... not
 * 1) ; that ... not
 * 1) ; that ... not
 * 1) ; that ... not
 * 1) ; that ... not

Usage notes

 * Traditionally lenites verbs starting in f followed by a vowel, doesn’t mutate other initial sounds.

title: nach


text:
nahm

Verb

 * , to take.

title: nahm


text:
nehmen

Etymology
, from, from , from , from.

Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. More at.

Verb

 * 1)  to take (something into one's possession or on one's body)
 * 2)  to take from
 * 3)  to hold (in one's hands), to grasp
 * 4)  to take, to consider (a statement, a situation, an idea, etc, in a certain way, for example seriously, badly, personally)
 * 5)  to capture, to arrest
 * 6)  to ingest (e.g. a pill)
 * 7)  to move into, to sit at (one's assigned position)
 * 8)  to use (time, effort, etc. for a specific purpose)
 * 9)  to cause oneself to be (in some state); to become; to take oneself (to some state)
 * 10)  to seize, to capture
 * 11)  to receive, to accept
 * 12)  to foul
 * 1)  to ingest (e.g. a pill)
 * 2)  to move into, to sit at (one's assigned position)
 * 3)  to use (time, effort, etc. for a specific purpose)
 * 4)  to cause oneself to be (in some state); to become; to take oneself (to some state)
 * 5)  to seize, to capture
 * 6)  to receive, to accept
 * 7)  to foul
 * 1)  to cause oneself to be (in some state); to become; to take oneself (to some state)
 * 2)  to seize, to capture
 * 3)  to receive, to accept
 * 4)  to foul
 * 1)  to cause oneself to be (in some state); to become; to take oneself (to some state)
 * 2)  to seize, to capture
 * 3)  to receive, to accept
 * 4)  to foul
 * 1)  to cause oneself to be (in some state); to become; to take oneself (to some state)
 * 2)  to seize, to capture
 * 3)  to receive, to accept
 * 4)  to foul
 * 1)  to cause oneself to be (in some state); to become; to take oneself (to some state)
 * 2)  to seize, to capture
 * 3)  to receive, to accept
 * 4)  to foul
 * 1)  to cause oneself to be (in some state); to become; to take oneself (to some state)
 * 2)  to seize, to capture
 * 3)  to receive, to accept
 * 4)  to foul
 * 1)  to foul

Etymology
From, from.

Verb

 * 1)  to take
 * 2)  to take oneself (to some state)
 * 3)  to seize; to capture
 * 4)  to receive; to accept

title: nehmen


text:
Narr

Etymology
From, from , further etymology. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  fool

Etymology
From, from , further etymology. Cognates include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  fool a person being stupid or oblivious to facts
 * 2)  jester, fool
 * 3) carnival enthusiast
 * 4) ; freak
 * 1) ; freak
 * 1) ; freak

Etymology
From, from , from. Compare 🇨🇬, from 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) fool

Etymology
From, from , further etymology. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) fool

title: Narr


text:
nebeln

Etymology
From, , from.

Verb

 * 1) to grow foggy
 * 2) to lay a smokescreen

title: nebeln


text:
Nebel

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from (whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬). More at 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) fog, mist, haze
 * 2)  nebula
 * 1)  nebula

Synonyms

 * (nebula)

title: Nebel


text:
Neffe

Etymology
From, from , , from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, obsolete 🇨🇬. Further from, whence , which see for more.

The form with is irregular and was spread by. The development -v- → -ff- before a sonorant (here the n of the inflected forms) is also found in Early Modern German for,  and frequently in Low German; compare  for  (the last in the sense of “next to”).

Noun

 * 1) nephew son of one's sibling or sibling-in-law
 * 2)  another male relative, especially a grandson, but also a cousin etc.

title: Neffe