text:
preliminary

Etymology
From the or from Modern, formed from  +  + ; compare 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) In preparation for the main matter; initial, introductory, preparatory.

Translations

 * Azerbaijani: ilkin, ibtidai, ilk
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan: preliminar
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, preliminaarinen,
 * French:
 * Galician: preliminar
 * Georgian: წინასწარი
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: réamh-
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: 예비의
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: preliminær,
 * Nynorsk: preliminær, foreløpig
 * Occitan:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:, ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:, , ,
 * Welsh:

Noun

 * 1) A preparation for a main matter; an introduction.
 * 2) Any of a series of sports events that determine the finalists
 * 3) A relatively minor contest that precedes a major one, especially in boxing
 * 1) A relatively minor contest that precedes a major one, especially in boxing

Translations

 * Finnish: ;

 * Finnish:, karsintaottelu
 * Irish: réamhbhabhta
 * Japanese:

 * Finnish: lämmittelyottelu

title: preliminary


text:
inertial

Adjective

 * Of, relating to, or depending on inertia.

Translations

 * Czech: setrvačný, inerciální
 * Finnish: hitaus-, inertia-, inertiaalinen
 * French:
 * German: Inertial-
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Polish: inercyjny, bezwładnościowy
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Ukrainian: інерці́йний

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: inertial


text:
mutha

Etymology 1
Dialectal variant of
 * Geordie dialect variant of.
 * Ebonics variant of.

Etymology 2
From, from.

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬

Adjective

 * 1) fat

Etymology
Ultimately from. Compare 🇨🇬. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) nutgrass

title: mutha


text:
léça

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬

Adjective

 * 1) thin

title: léça


text:
taza

Noun

 * , cup

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) cup.

Etymology
Attested since the 13th century (as ); probably from, from , from , ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1) cup; mug, bowl
 * 2) * 1299, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., p. 212:
 * hũa taça de prata
 * a silver cup

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) cero

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) even, level
 * 2) equal, identical

Adjective

 * 1) fresh

Etymology
, from, from , from ; see there for more information. More at, , , and , which all may come from the same Indo-European root.

Noun

 * 1) cup, mug
 * 2) toilet bowl

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) new

Etymology
From, from , from , , from , ,.

Determiner

 * 1) a
 * 2) one
 * 3) some

Etymology
From, perhaps from. Cognates include 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  plane flat surface

title: taza


text:
baái

Adjective

 * 1) Not fresh, old.

title: baái


text:
lelei

Adjective

 * 1) good

Adjective

 * 1) good

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) well-being
 * 2) goodness, wellness

Verb

 * 1)  to be good
 * 2)  to be healthy

Adjective

 * 1) good

Adjective

 * 1) good

Usage notes
Used mainly in northern dialects; southern form is llei.

title: lelei


text: Category:Samoan language

title: Category:Samoan language


text: Category:Rotuman language

title: Category:Rotuman language


text:
августовский

Adjective

 * 1)  August

title: августовский


text: sweet F A

title: sweet F A


text:
risolvere

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to solve
 * 2)  to resolve
 * 3)  to settle
 * 4)  to resolve

Usage notes

 * The past participle risolùto is listed in several dictionaries (e.g. Treccani, Hoepli) but is archaic in this sense. Modern functions only as an adjective meaning "resolute, determined".

Conjugation
Including lesser-used forms:

title: risolvere


text:
воздух

Etymology
. Cognate to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) air

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1)  air
 * 2)  air, atmosphere
 * 3)  money

Descendants

 * South Karelian:
 * South Karelian:
 * South Karelian:

Noun

 * 1)  the veil for church communion vessels

title: воздух


text:
dirigere

Etymology
From, possibly borrowed.

Verb

 * 1) to address (a letter etc.)
 * 2) to run, manage or direct
 * 3) to lead
 * 4) to conduct (an orchestra)

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Verb

 * 1) to conduct
 * 2) to direct

title: dirigere


text:
dirige

Etymology
From, from , from the beginning of the first antiphon in matins for the dead:. .

Noun

 * 1) A Roman Catholic service for the dead, being the first antiphon of matins for the dead, of which dirige is the first word; a dirge.

Etymology
From, from the beginning of the first antiphon in matins for the dead, Dirige, Domine, deus meus, in conspectu tuo viam meam.

Noun

 * 1) The portion of a Christian remembrance service beginning from the first antiphon in matins for the dead.
 * 2) The recitation or singing of the  to commemorate the deceased.

title: dirige


text:
discutere

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to discuss, debate, moot, question
 * 2)  to argue

title: discutere


text: tace

title: tace


text: tacque

title: tacque


text: taccia

title: taccia


text: taccio

title: taccio


text:
carajo

Etymology
The etymology is uncertain, but the most plausible source on the basis of both semantics and historical phonology appears to be unattested, which would have been a Latinized diminutive of , from.

Certain cognates include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬. Some claim that attempts to attribute, with the same meaning, to the same etymon fail on phonological grounds, as the /r/ of carajo (or its absence in cazzo) remains unexplained, and no Latin phonological sequence develops as both /x/ in Spanish and /tts/ in Italian. However, the aforementioned may be cognate with the word "carajo".

Noun

 * 1)  penis
 * 2)  shit, jackshit , sod all , bugger all
 * 3)  hell
 * 4) crow's nest
 * 1)  hell
 * 2) crow's nest
 * 1) crow's nest
 * 1) crow's nest

Interjection

 * 1)  shit!
 * 2)  used as an intensifier, similar to the fuck

Usage notes

 * Carajo is considered to be a taboo word by many in South America and is replaced by the euphemistic forms or  depending on the context and in which country the term is used.  may have been used as a euphemism for carajo in the historical account of José Antonio Páez's battle order, "¡ Caras!", at the Battle of Las Queseras del Medio, an important battle of the Venezuelan War of Independence in 1819.

title: carajo


text:
User:Gliorszio/French verbs

être / avoir

Semi-regular

 * -cer (keep the consonant / s /, nous agençons) -
 * agencer, avancer, balancer, commencer, commercer, déplacer, élancer, engoncer, ensemencer, exercer, fiancer, grincer, influencer, lacer, lancer, menacer, opiacer, placer, poncer, prononcer, relancer, rempracer, rincer, romancer, tracer
 * -ger (keep the consonant / Z /, nous arrangeons) -
 * arranger, bouger, changer, dégager, déranger, diriger, émerger, emménager, engager, engorger, envisager, exiger, interroger, juger, manger, ménager, neiger, obliger, ombrager, songer, voyager

ER

 * -e(consonne)er - appeler, décolleter, encliqueter, jeter, projeter, rejeter

 * -yer
 * (a) -ayer - payer, relayer
 * (b) -oyer, uyer - ennuyer, essuyer, nettoyer, octroyer, ondoyer

IR

 * -ir: dormir, mentir, partir, sentir, servir
 * the stem end consonnant is replaced by s or t in singular indicative present and singular imperative
 * rire - sourire
 * conduire - construire, déduire, réduire, produire, traduire
 * Lat. -ducere, It. -durre
 * lire - relire

OIR

 * -evoir: devoir
 * -cevoir - apercevoir, décevoir, recevoir

RE

 * entendre - perdre, pondre, prétendre, rendre
 * rompre
 * connaître - comparaître
 * croître
 * naître
 * joindre - craindre, enjoindre, rejoindre

Stem voyel

 * devoir
 * mourir
 * vouloir

 * aller
 * dire - redire
 * faire - refaire
 * mettre - compromettre, émettre, promettre
 * pouvoir
 * prendre - comprendre
 * savoir
 * tenir, venir
 * vivre

title: User:Gliorszio/French verbs


text:
clear cut

Adjective

 * 1)  Straightforward, obvious, simple, or basic.
 * 2)  Having had all trees cut.
 * 1)  Having had all trees cut.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:, ясно очертан
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, , selväpiirteinen,
 * French:, ,
 * Galician: evidente
 * German:, ,
 * Italian:, , ,
 * Latin: argūtus, explicātus
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:

 * Finnish: paljaaksihakattu

Verb

 * 1) To remove all trees or vegetation from an area.

title: clear cut


text: clear-cut

title: clear-cut


text:
get on someone's case

Alternative forms

 * , ; all variants of earlier

Verb

 * 1)  To lecture, berate, or complain to somebody, especially to find fault or criticize.
 * His boss was always getting on his case about his standards of dress, even though he worked well and seldom left the back room.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 挑錯, ,
 * Finnish:, , , , , , ,
 * Russian:

title: get on someone's case


text:
way to go

Interjection

 * 1) An expression of congratulations, encouragement, or approval.
 * The team finished ahead of schedule and under budget. Way to go!

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 好样的，加油！
 * Finnish: sillä lailla
 * French: !
 * German: Gut gemacht!,, Weiter so!
 * Greek: ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian: ez igen!, ez az!, csak így tovább!,
 * Polish: tak trzymać
 * Portuguese:
 * Scottish Gaelic: sin thu fhèin
 * Slovak: paráda
 * Spanish: bien hecho

Noun

 * 1) A route, course of action; a preferred decision or choice.
 * They are about the same quality, so if you can get a discount on the color you like, that would be the way to go.

Translations

 * Finnish: oikea tie
 * French:
 * German: richtige Richtung

 * Finnish: paras vaihtoehto
 * German: richtige Entscheidung

title: way to go


text:
breakthrough

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) Characterized by major progress or overcoming some obstacle.
 * 2)  Involving the contraction of a disease by a person with a decreased susceptibility, such as a person who has been vaccinated to help prevent that disease.
 * 1)  Involving the contraction of a disease by a person with a decreased susceptibility, such as a person who has been vaccinated to help prevent that disease.

Translations

 * Czech: průlomový
 * Estonian: läbimurre
 * Finnish:
 * French:, ,
 * German: ,
 * Hebrew: פורץ-דרך, פורצת-דרך
 * Hungarian:
 * Polish:

Noun

 * 1)  An advance through and past enemy lines.
 * 2) Any major progress; such as a great innovation or discovery that overcomes a significant obstacle.
 * 3)  The penetration of the opposition's defence.
 * 4)  The penetration of a separating wall or the remaining distance to an adjacent hollow (a crosscut in mining) or between two parts of a tunnel build from both ends; knockthrough.
 * 5)  The emergence or one or more symptoms of a condition despite medication or other medical treatment.
 * 1)  The penetration of a separating wall or the remaining distance to an adjacent hollow (a crosscut in mining) or between two parts of a tunnel build from both ends; knockthrough.
 * 2)  The emergence or one or more symptoms of a condition despite medication or other medical treatment.
 * 1)  The emergence or one or more symptoms of a condition despite medication or other medical treatment.

Translations

 * Arabic: اِخْتِرَاق
 * Belarusian: прары́ў
 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: průlom
 * Danish: gennembrud
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: läbimurre
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Georgian: გარღვევა, თავდაცვის ხაზის გარღვევა
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Latvian: pārrāvums
 * Macedonian: пробив
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: gjennombrudd
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: про́бој
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: prelom
 * Slovene: preboj
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: прори́в

 * Arabic: اِخْتِرَاق
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: průlom
 * Danish: gennembrud
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: läbimurre
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Georgian: გარღვევა, მნიშვნელოვანი მიღწევა
 * German:
 * Hebrew: פריצת-דרך
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: urfhuascailt
 * Italian:, salto di qualità
 * Japanese:
 * Navajo: bibazhdooyá, bááhátis jííyá
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:

 * French: ,
 * Russian:

 * Danish: gennembrud
 * German:, Durchstich

title: breakthrough


text:
€

Symbol

 * 1) The symbol for the euro, the currency used by the.


text:
autocratrix

Noun

 * 1) A female autocrat.
 * 2)  The enlightened despot, who reigned from 1762 to 1796 as empress and autocratrix of all the Russias.

title: autocratrix


text:
no-show

Noun

 * 1) An absence; failure to show up or to make a scheduled appearance, especially at a hotel or a place of employment.
 * 2)  A person or group that does not show up.
 * 1)  A person or group that does not show up.

Translations

 * Finnish:
 * Portuguese: não-comparecimento,, não-comparência

 * Finnish: haamuasiakas ;
 * Galician: ausente
 * Navajo: bideedį́į́ʼ
 * Portuguese:

Verb

 * 1) To fail to show up for something.

title: no-show


text:
what a way to go

Interjection

 * 1)  A remark on the unfortunate, exceptional, or unusual nature of somebody's death.

Translations

 * Russian: кака́я стра́шная смерть

title: what a way to go


text:
twiddle

Etymology
. Perhaps a.

Verb

 * 1)  To wiggle, fidget or play with; to move around.
 * 2)  To flip or switch two adjacent bits binary digits.
 * 3)  To be in an equivalence relation with.
 * 4)  To play with anything; hence, to be busy about trifles.
 * 1)  To be in an equivalence relation with.
 * 2)  To play with anything; hence, to be busy about trifles.
 * 1)  To play with anything; hence, to be busy about trifles.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: въртя из ръцете си
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Persian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:

Noun

 * 1) A slight twist with the fingers.
 * 2) A wiggling movement.
 * 3) A small decorative embellishment.
 * 4) A small musical flourish.
 * 5) A tilde.
 * 6) A drawn line that is curvy or twisted.
 * 7) A tiny bit
 * 8) A tizzy
 * 1) A small musical flourish.
 * 2) A tilde.
 * 3) A drawn line that is curvy or twisted.
 * 4) A tiny bit
 * 5) A tizzy
 * 1) A tilde.
 * 2) A drawn line that is curvy or twisted.
 * 3) A tiny bit
 * 4) A tizzy
 * 1) A tilde.
 * 2) A drawn line that is curvy or twisted.
 * 3) A tiny bit
 * 4) A tizzy
 * 1) A tiny bit
 * 2) A tizzy
 * 1) A tiny bit
 * 2) A tizzy
 * 1) A tizzy
 * 1) A tizzy
 * 1) A tizzy
 * 1) A tizzy

title: twiddle


text:
twiddle one's thumbs

Verb

 * 1) to circle one's thumbs around one another, usually with the fingers interlaced, usually done idly while waiting or bored
 * 2)  To wait or dawdle; to accomplish nothing useful or lack a useful occupation.

Synonyms

 * , ; See also Thesaurus:wait
 * ,, ; See also Thesaurus:loiter
 * ,, ; See also Thesaurus:loiter

Translations

 * Czech: točit palci
 * Danish: trille tommelfingre
 * Dutch:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hungarian: malmozik az ujjaival,
 * Italian: girarsi i pollici
 * Swedish:

 * Azerbaijani: lülə qurutmaq
 * Czech:
 * Danish: trille tommelfingre
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: pyöritellä peukaloitansa
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian: girarsi i pollici
 * Polish:, wlec się
 * Romanian: freca menta, tăia frunză la câini
 * Russian:, сиде́ь сложа́ ру́ки
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian:

title: twiddle one's thumbs


text:
FNG

Noun

 * 1) * 2003, :"Two agents in a dark blue sedan were waiting for me. One of them, Jim Heekin, took charge immediately, and also put me in my place. "You must be the FNG," he said as we shook hands." —
 * 2) * 2004:"The other guy is hollering "F-N-G!" He's saying "Your FNG is here!" And I didn’t understand what FNG meant. I soon learned: Fucking New Guy. Or we called them Cherries, meaning brand-new guy in Vietnam." —
 * 3) * 2009:"The FNG here says that we have too much ammunition." District 9
 * 1) * 2009:"The FNG here says that we have too much ammunition." District 9
 * 1) * 2009:"The FNG here says that we have too much ammunition." District 9

title: FNG


text:
relativistic

Etymology
From or.

Adjective

 * 1)  Of or relating to relativity.
 * 2)  At or near the speed of light.
 * 3)  Of or relating to relativism.

Translations

 * Czech: relativistický
 * Danish: relativistisk
 * Japanese:
 * Norwegian: relativistisk
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Welsh: perthnaseddol

 * Japanese:
 * Norwegian: relativistisk
 * Russian:

 * Czech: relativistický
 * Norwegian: relativistisk
 * Russian: ,

title: relativistic


text:
time dilation

Noun

 * 1)  The slowing of the passage of time experienced by objects in motion relative to an observer; measurable only at relativistic speeds.
 * 2)  The perceived change in the speed of time experienced due to psychological stress, hormones, or drugs; the rate of time perception.

Translations

 * Catalan: dilatació del temps
 * Danish: tidsforlængelse
 * Finnish:
 * French: dilatation du temps
 * German:
 * Irish: iarmhairt amleata
 * Japanese: 浦島効果, 時間の遅れ
 * Korean: 시간 팽창(時間 膨脹)
 * Polish: dylatacja czasu
 * Spanish: dilatación del tiempo
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: уповільнення часу
 * Vietnamese: thời gian giãn nở

title: time dilation


text:
measurable

Etymology
From, equivalent to.

Adjective

 * 1) Able to be measured.
 * 2) Of significant importance.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 可測的
 * Czech: měřitelný
 * Danish: målbar
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: mezurebla
 * Georgian: გაზომვადი
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Kazakh: өлшемді
 * Latin: mēnsūrābilis
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: målbar
 * Nynorsk: målbar
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: medível,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: medible,

Noun

 * 1) That which can be measured; a metric.

title: measurable


text:
Lorentz

Proper noun

 * 1) Hendrik Antoon Lorentz, Dutch physicist and Nobel laureate
 * 1) Hendrik Antoon Lorentz, Dutch physicist and Nobel laureate

title: Lorentz


text:
Lorentz-Fitzgerald contraction

Etymology
Named after Hendrik Lorentz and George Francis FitzGerald.

Noun

 * 1) The decrease in length of a moving object in the direction of motion, measurable only at relativistic speeds.

Translations

 * Danish: længdeforkortelse
 * Finnish: pituuskontraktio
 * German: Längenverkürzung,, Lorentzkontraktion

title: Lorentz-Fitzgerald contraction


text: Lorentz contraction

title: Lorentz contraction


text:
Lorentz factor

Etymology
From its appearance in Lorentzian electrodynamics,.

Noun

 * 1)  a factor arising frequently in special relativity, to calculate the degree of time dilation, length contraction and relativistic mass of an object moving relative to an observer, defined as $$(1-v^2/c^2)^{-0.5}$$, where v and c are relative velocity and the speed of light, respectively

Translations

 * German: Lorentzfaktor
 * Swedish: Lorentzfaktor

title: Lorentz factor


text:
relativistic mass

Noun

 * 1)  The increased mass of an object moving at relativistic speed relative to an observer.

title: relativistic mass


text:
Lorentz force

Etymology
Named after the Dutch physicist (1853–1928).

Noun

 * 1)  the force exerted on a charged particle in an electromagnetic field

Translations

 * Estonian: Lorentzi jõud
 * Finnish: Lorentzin voima
 * German: ,

title: Lorentz force


text:
Lorentz symmetry

Noun

 * 1)  the invariance of the laws of physics under the Lorentz transformation.

title: Lorentz symmetry


text:
Talk:e-dictionary

Discussion moved from Requests for deletion
Artificial construct not actually used. Not even withing the Wiktionary community. Not withing the computing industry. There is a computer program called edict that has a synonym edictionary but that does not have the hyphen. This is just a made up term. --Connel MacKenzie 12:21, 27 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Please. Do a bit of searching before making such statements.

 * Please. I most assuredly did.  I believe the references you provided below are as nonsensical as saying this term is anything other than a protologism.  Are you asserting that those quotes are not very narrow uses?  Are you asserting that the first pageful of googles are not exactly as I said?  Wiktionary image is not improved by adding BS like this.  Readded  while this is still being discussed.  --Connel MacKenzie 01:16, 28 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Obviously you really, really want this term deleted.

 * Let's suppose, for the sake of the argument, that all of the objections you raise to the quotes below are valid. So what?  In what sense, then, is the term "not actually used"?  It has, by your own estimation, been used in a student paper and by two putatively inept translators with a curiously good grasp of English grammar.   In what sense is the word a protologism, given that it has been used both in a "student paper" presented in 2000 and on a current web site?  What is the relevance of a term being used in a narrow sense?

 * More to the point, what, if anything, would constitute a "reputable source" in your opinion, and why? I've already explained in detail why I made the edits I did in CFI, I've apologized for any misunderstanding, I've added a prominent notice that the current form is controversial and I've started a forum for discussing the issue substantively, in the hope of hammering out some sort of consensus.  I would be happy to respond to any points you might make in that discussion.  I'm particularly interested in the reasoning behind your positions.

 * Until that discussion settles out, I'm willing to step out of the brewing edit war and leave these entries RFD, even though I find the reasoning behind this mysterious if not outright surreal. -dmh 05:10, 28 May 2005 (UTC)

 * 1. I was upset that you removed the rfd during the conversation.
 * 2. I was taken aback by your suggestion I didn't check at all (wildly untrue.)
 * 3. I (from my POV) think of the artificial "e-" prefix as a pointless abomination.
 * 4. At first blush, your attributions seemed contrived. I did not follow the links you provided, before offering my critique of them individually.
 * 5. This term seemed like an attempt at constructing a protologism for Wiktionary, therefore was suspect to begin with.
 * 6. I've had a busy week, and mised your edit to CFI, with the link to Criteria for inclusion/attestation. I'll sleep on that.  I'll probably join that flamewar by the end of this (long) weekend.
 * --Connel MacKenzie 06:13, 28 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Perhaps I was too hasty. Please understand that I've been through quite a few discussions on RFD that went like this:

 * Random person posts an entry.
 * Someone puts it on RFD, claiming it isn't used.
 * I do a quick search and find several uses, note this and remove the RFD (or occasionally I find nothing, or find nothing good and independent, and note this).
 * Nothing else happens.
 * This looked like just another case like that. After finding a conference paper (having read dozens of them I know that they look like, but just to be clear, following the links leads you to Stanford's Natural Language Processing group) and a couple of other references, it didn't seem like there was anything further to say.  Plenty of terms have been accepted, after objections, with less.
 * Your first entry here ("Artificial construct not actually used ...") made it look for all the world like you hadn't actually done any searching. I hadn't considered the possibility that you'd found the conference paper and the others, rejected it but not made any note of it, but had noted edict and specifically noted it.
 * Be that as it may, I'm more interested in resolving the dispute over what constitutes a good attestation. From my point of view the quotes I gave were not only not contrived, but were exceptionally convincing.  Almost as good as the ones for thankee.  Obviously, from your point of view they're extremely suspect.  I want to understand your basis for this.  As far as I can tell, they're very good evidence that people are using the term and expecting it to be understood.  In particular, students use the term to refer to a particular class of electronic device, but not to a specific make or model.
 * I can't think of any other plausible explanation for finding this particular set of quotations. It's clearly not a nonce.  For example, the author of "Hands off that e-dictionary" is clearly using an already-familiar term for a familiar object.  The conference paper similarly uses it first in a context where it is clearly expected to be familiar.  Here's another example from the same paper: "Multimedia: a rare feature for an e-dictionary, is the ability to hear the words of the dictionary to understand their pronunciation." Granted, the comma is a little dodgy, but how can one possibly talk of "a rare feature in an X" outside a context where there are several X's already in existence and referred to by that name?
 * Nor can we plausibly argue that the term is only used in one specific, closed group of speakers. As I point out below, we have the same term used in largely the same sense by Natural Language Processing researchers, teachers of ESL,  software vendors and a museum curator, over the span of (at least) five years.  Honestly, this is one of the stronger cases I've seen recently, and I was frankly not expecting any further objection, given my previous expriences.
 * For whatever it's worth, here's a random page listing several examples of e-dictionaries, including Wiktionary. -dmh 03:54, 30 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Mind you, if I'd done a bit more research myself, I would have caught another sense of the term: It can mean both a dictionary in electronic for and a dedicated device containing/presenting it. -dmh 16:51, 27 May 2005 (UTC)

 * The low level of literacy in the region makes an e-dictionary potentially more useful than a paper edition, since its use is less dependent on good knowledge of spelling and alphabetical order. — Kevin Jansz, Department of Linguistics, University of Sydney, Australia; Wee Jim Sng, School of Applied Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Nitin Indurkhya, School of Applied Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Christopher Manning Departments of Computer Science and Linguistics, Stanford University, in Using XSL and XQL for efficient, customised access to dictionary information, presented at AusWeb2K, the Sixth Australian World Wide Web Conference, 12-17 June 2000
 * Student's summary paper about their own project?
 * Um, no. This was presented in a refereed conference and published in the conference procedings.  Game over.
 * "E-dictionaries are more fragile. Drop your paper dictionary. Go ahead. Hold it above your head and drop it. Now, try this with any lightweight plastic e-dictionary, and you'll be picking up the pieces. Don't think this is a fair test? Put both dictionaries in a backpack full of other typical things (your textbook, a box lunch, a note pad, a pencil case). Now, sit on this. Yes, just like you might do by accident anywhere. How many of you are willing to do this with an e-dictionary inside? " — Glen A. Hill in "Hands off that e-Dictionary!" The (few) merits and (many) disadvantages of electronic dictionaries from the author's point of view
 * Reference to a specific proper noun.
 * Interesting, then, that it's not capitalized (except at the beginning of the first sentence, of course). It's also not clear how "any lightweight e-dictionary" could refer to a proper noun.  Perhaps I should have included the beginning: "Man has created a number of labor-saving devices throughout history. One that I find most disturbing (and oftentimes useless and irritating) is the electronic dictionary. Here, I'd like to address the (few) merits and (many) disadvantages of e-dictionaries from my point of view."
 * (on the web site of London's Tate Gallery) This illustrated e-dictionary of Blake's characters will enhance your enjoyment of his artistic and poetical works by helping you understand the significance of ten of his major characters.
 * Reference to a specific proper noun.
 * This seems even stranger, especially since there is an actual proper noun (Blake) in the same sentence, as if for comparison purposes.
 * Nearly every one of my 75 Chinese students has an e-dictionary, but they are almost all different and I find it hard to advise them on which e-dictionary is the best for them. Many of them are trying to pass the IELTS and go abroad to get a college degree. Some are college graduates who are still using the old e-dictionary they had in college.
 * Specific to a particular region, translation to English suspect.
 * Yep, this use is specific to China. The previous one is specific to London, the one before it to Japan, and the first to Australia.  What exactly is this meant to prove?  Are we meant to disallow any usage of any word if the usage pertains to a particular place or context?  If so, why?  As to translation, could you provide a pointer to the text from which this is translated, and reasons for suspecting there is something wrong with the translation?  In any case, why would a bad translation be an less of an attestation?  If I were to mistranslate "Deze discussie is helemaal waardelos." as "I do not like green eggs and ham", woud that indicate that "green", "eggs" and "ham" are not words?
 * "The MCOL e-Dictionary provides definitions of almost 750 of the most relevant terms of interest to managed care and health management professionals, including many terms regarding HIPAA, Health Plans, Medicare, Defined Care and much more."
 * Proper noun.
 * Fine, it might well be. It might also be poor capitalization.
 * "An e-dictionary in large type for readers who need or prefer larger than regulation size print ... A talking e-dictionary recorded by native speakers gives you instant translation and a pronunciations with the click of a mouse"
 * Again, translation to English suspect.
 * Again, why would that matter?

Do you have any reputable sources that show this term in running text? --Connel MacKenzie 01:16, 28 May 2005 (UTC)

e-dictionary
Added rfd to it as well, since it was created only for this conversation. --Connel MacKenzie 01:19, 28 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Actually, it was created after finding several uses (as I'll perversely insist on calling places where words occur in contexts where they appear to have meaning) and noting that they tended to be spelled "e-dictionary" and only less frequently "e-Dictionary" or "E-Dictionary". This I did on the assumption that the entry would be kept, and therefore should be kept under its principal spelling.  In other words, I (mistakenly) thought this conversation was over.  -dmh 05:10, 28 May 2005 (UTC)

 * This "e-" use seems well established (with small "d", but not big "D"). The situation is similar to that with the earlier "e-business" and "e-quaintance".  I will also be moving this discussion to the term's talk page with a bit of factoring.  There still remains the question: How do we distinguish between terms that merit a Wiktionary entry and the similarly formed ones that are an obvious application of the prefix as a part of normal English word formation. Eclecticology 23:18, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Soapbox
My primary objection to e-nonsense is the simple fact that it is so much worse than leet.

From 1971 to ~1995 language pedants corrected computer geeks that email must be written as e-mail. In the 1970s, the additional character was generally deemed significant to computer storage! For two and a half decades, almost nothing else got e-'ed...the handful that did were quickly ignored into obscurity.

With the advent of the Internet, business freaks invaded computing culture; overnight we had e-this, e-that, eBay and e-Banking. Meanwhile, the original objections to email have died off. At the same time, the computing justification for disdaining e-mail has also (by two decades) disappeared. At the conclusion of the decades-long email vs. e-mail battle, inarticulate MBA's and marketing executives arrive on the scene and e- every word they ever learned.

To call e- a filthy disgusting prefix that is sometimes used by idiots is one thing. To validate each variation as it reaches some bizarre threshold of google "hits" on blogs is psychotic. In my opinion, that is not descriptivism, instead that is advocating and promoting incorrect usage. There is a good balance of descriptivism and prescriptivism somewhere. Just not at Wiktionary.

To call leet terms invalid at the same time as advocating e-nonsense is extraordinarily hypocritical. At least leet terms convey new meanings and new connotations...that is, at least there is some perceived "need" for those new connotations.

If we (Wiktionary) are going to accept e-nonsense terms, we should probably disable all the sysop's delete capabilities, and simply accept and amend every last piece of symbology imaginable. Perhaps we could rewrite our entire criteria for inclusion to be "Any term appearing in Wikipedia (or google search) that can be entered by keyboard, that is delimited by white-space or punctuation." --Connel MacKenzie 12:32, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * As much as I sympathize with your concerns, there is still a need to find a practical solution to this issue. We also differ on the relative horror of leet and the e-voluptuary tendencies of this thread.  I perceive leet to be nothing more than cutesy graphical variants of words with no new meanings, and where usage is limited to a sub-species of internet users.

 * Unlike the leet terms which are confined to their own asylum e-terms are ubiquitous. In our common context I know that I present myself as a linguistic conservative, As such I'm not about to support a long li9st of these obvious construction.  I am also not one to use Google hits as the definitive criterion for what should be acceptable in Wiktionary.  Being descriptive means accepting the fact that some of these terms are broadly used, and making some attempt to distinguish these from spur-of-the-moment coinages.  Let's look for common ground on this. Eclecticology 05:01, 2005 Jun 12 (UTC)

 * I think my frustration is from thinking I know where Wiktionary generally draws the line, then having the definition of what is acceptable change right underneath my nose.
 * I cannot agree with the notion the e-terms are ubiquitous. They apply only to the internet!  Leet terms derive from upside-down calculators (fairly ubiquitous in their day) and telephone cracking (phreaking of the 70s and 80s) as well as all the various BBS and internet subcultures.  E-terms are a much more recent construct than leet...decades younger, right?  And the only people promogulating e-terms are illiterate MBA and marketroids.  That's not an isolated, specialized construct?
 * I for one, would like to see some very, very, very concrete clarification of what en.Wiktionary means by "all words in all languages." I know that is ultimately impossible (there is always some flexibility) but I still would like to see a better attempt than we have now.  Even my (half) joking, pithy definition of "anything typable" would be better than a definition that changes from week to week (depending on who's around.)  --Connel MacKenzie 06:24, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I hope I didn't offend by correcting the pe[n]dant error above. It's always been a favorite error since the long-ago days when I was editor of the highschool yearbook, and I corrected the ad of a jeweller who for many years had been selling pedants in his store.

 * I think that you may need to exercise a little trust on this e-matter. There are several of us who recognize that these terms are a fact of life, but are not ready to let the matter get out of hand.  Frankly, I had never heard of "leet" until after I became involved in Wiktionary, but my familiarity with e-terms is much older.  I can neither confirm nor deny your claim that e-terms originated with illiterate Masters of Bugger All; I just don't hang out with that crowd, so I must have heard the terms elsewhere.

 * I agree that the term "all words in all languages" is a little hyperbolic and wishful. I also believe that verifiability and the need to cite sources are just as important here as in Wikipedia.  "A language" is a subset of "all languages"; hence a word must belong to a language before it can belong to all languages.  I don't think that the concrete definition that you seek will ever happen.  Yes, having definitions change from week to week is disconcerting; that's the down side of the Wiki.  But imposing solutions only leeds to a lot of complaining and bitching, often from those who have a narrow short term outlook.  Eclecticology 19:51, 2005 Jun 13 (UTC)

 * Hmm.

 * I'm a bit tired of hearing about "bizarre threshold of google 'hits'" and (with due respect) "Google hits as the definitive criterion". There has never been, and I sincerely hope never will be, any numerical threshold of Google hits.  Even if there are thousands of hits, you still have to look for quotes that support particular senses.  At best, there is a sort of gentleperson's agreement that if there are thousands of hits there had better be a specific reason for RFD, and on the other hand one cannot assume from a handful of hits that a term is in broad use.

 * The entire reason for the changes to CFI was to summarize at least a year of "case law" here on rfd regarding the use of internet citations. It's not the wild west.  The idea is to use the internet and common sense to find out what people are writing and saying.  To disallow internet usages in an online dictionary seems restrictive at best.

 * While I tend to push for inclusion, and I've famously butted heads with Ec on several terms, I'm perfectly willing to let go of a badly-attested term. Conversely, Ec has relented in some cases, when presented with clear and specific reasaons (or perhaps just by the sheer mass of verbage :-).  Other discussions have also occurred among other parties.  The net result has been a sort of mutual understanding of what will fly and what won't, with frequent skirmishes along the borders.

 * When I started edting CFI, it was way out of date with respect to what was actually going on. I've tried to help bring it up to date, and others have, as always, helped move from rough beginnings to something clearer and more useful.  Naturally, not everything in CFI is cut and dried, and there has been some give and take in the recent edits.  That's a natural part of the process.  I never saw the changes to CFI as changing the rules.  The real rules are the Wiki process.  CFI is more a guide to the perplexed documenting current practice.  That's why it's editable like anything else.

 * Now, Connell, if you want to contribute to the debate, go right ahead. Define what an acceptable source is and how to document a citation in it.  I've even provided a space for this, along with a prominent note in CFI alluding to "controversy" over legitimate sources.  So far, though, I haven't seen anything.

 * On the other hand, if you're only concerned with barring words that MBAs might have made up and throwing around terms like "psychotic" and "hypocritical", I don't see what else there is to say. You've got admin privileges, and if you want to delete this or any other term on arbitrary grounds, I can't stop you.  I note with appreciation that you've refrained from this so far, which is why I still hold out some hope of a reasonable resolution. -dmh 17:02, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Hello. I did make an attempt at filling out Criteria for inclusion/attestation but lost that edit before posting due to either a browser crash or network problem.  I was only attempting to address your (new) first question...questions two through five are reasonable concerns but not directly related, I think.  I clearly did not address your fourth question (is a single usage enough) as I considered that to be a separate (albeit related) problem.
 * Having spelled out that *I* think a valid source is the sort of thing you could check out of a library or buy at a bookstore, a couple times, I'm not sure what remains unclear, but I will try again to compose it and get it posted there.
 * I think using a lack of google hits as decent evidence that a term is not used is valid. But observing how many random typos get massive numbers of hits (e.g. "renumeration") makes it clear that the opposite can never be true.  I'm sorry that you find that repetition tiresom; I'm tired of having people say that a thousand google hits is justification for inclusion.  A thousand google hits can't possibly be justification for inclusion!  Even if each of those one thousand hits are valid running text, the google search itself proves nothing.  If you were to assign a number to when a gentelman's agreement might exist, I would suggest 600,000 as a threshold...that is approximately 0.01% of the pages google currently has indexed.
 * I'm apologize for blowing up over my pet peeve. Our lives are colored by our individual experiences; the caliber of person I've met that uses "e-" words causes an immediate reaction for me (an overwhelming sense of revulsion, obviously.)
 * I think I've said before, that I generally liked the majority of the revisions made to WT:CFI, it was just that one zinger that stood out as being both against general practice and contradicting the previous wording that caused so much contention.
 * What confuses me the most about Wiktionary, perhaps, is that there is an aversion to labelling words as protologisms or neologisms. The sense that it is better to delete than label correctly, is perhaps at the heart of what I've been talking around (above, here.)  I agree that the majority of these questionable terms should be deleted; but a dictionary that is taking a descriptivistic approach cannot afford that luxury.  Therefore, it seems that not labelling them but instead requiring the much harder justification for deletion is what wastes so much time here on WT:RFD.
 * It does seem that I am sitting quite opposite the community consensus on the "e-whatever" issue. It is about time I simply accept the community opinion on this matter.  --Connel MacKenzie 19:22, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Please, it is only one "l" in my name, Connel.

 * First, may I apologize for misspelling your name. I hate when that happens to me, and I doubt anyone really likes it.
 * Before turning to the larger question: There is existing "case law" about misspellings, and this should be brought into CFI.  As it turns out, most random misspellings are pretty rare, but there are a few that stick out because, rather than being several orders of magnitude less common than the prevalent spelling, they're only a hundred times or so less common.  In this case, renumeration is about 70 times less common than remuneration.  My personal opinion is that it should go in as a "common misspelling" of remuneration.  One could be picky and say "rare but not exceedingly rare spelling", but personally, I'm comfortable with "misspelling".
 * The discussion of spellings on CFI should also include a note that a term should not be included if it is only used in the same sense as a similarly spelled term which occurs more than (say) 100 times more often. This would exclude remumeration, which happens to get 833 hits and would be admissible under the criteria as they stand.
 * Back at the larger point, sheer numbers of google hits are not enough. I don't believe anyone has ever claimed they are.  I certainly haven't meant to.  Common sense has to figure in as well, and CFI should formalize this common sense as well as possible.
 * While it's clear from the history that CFI has mentioned published sources from the beginning, it's also clear that all sorts of internet postings have been accepted in discussion on RFD, certainly over the past year or so at least.  So from my point of view of trying to bring CFI in line with practice, any exclusion of blogs and other random internet sites was a novelty.  The only consistent exclusion I was aware of was for obviously self-promotional sites, and I tried to cover this under "independence".  There may be other valid exclusions, but there needs to be a clear basis for such exclusion.  It's clear to me that "no blogs allowed" is much to broad.
 * Restricting evidence to published sources would be a change in practice, CFI notwithstanding, and one I personally will argue against. But we can take that to CFI/attestation.  If you're participating in that, great.  Please understand I had no way of knowing you'd tried and been tripped up.  I'm quite hopeful that we can hammer out some sort of consensus there, though perhaps one we'll want to revisit in a few months.
 * Finally, as to protologisms. I have no problem with the term, but I would prefer to see it restricted to its original meaning, in which someone proposes a term to fill a perceived gap, knowing that no one is using it.  This is a siginficantly different process, as far as I can tell, from the usual one by which new words enter the language.  Usually someone coins a nonce to fill an immediate need — not an anticipated one as is the case with protologisms.  The readers/listeners immediately pick up on the usage, generally without need of a formal definition, and decide to keep using the term.  This is neologism, and in a few lucky cases we can see it happening.  But usually, by the time something shows up in wiktionary and we search for it, the usage is already well-established.  In the case of e-dictionary, for example, the term was clearly (IMHO, at least) in common use when the usages I cited were made.  For my money, it's long past proto- or neologism.  It's just a word. -dmh 20:32, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Still working - still haven't restored my accidental rollbacks, but I want to just toss in an "ah-haa!" here. How long should it take for a word to go from neologism to "just a word", given it takes a full year for a term to go from complete nonsense to a neologism?  IMNSHO, it should be about a decade to become just a word.  --Connel MacKenzie 20:57, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 *  Just to jump in for a sec. Most of the times people cite Google hits, they also point out that the first few pages of hits are valid in one way or another.  There's a clear reason that Google is cited: it's the only mechanism that we have available to easily cover a tremendous number and wide variety of documents in a single search.  There's really no alternative, beyond hearsay (which, as you know, is even more the basis of our entries than Google, and not even a little bit more reliable).  If Google has 10,000 hits for some token, and most of them are not some kind of company name, or taken from the same (or even same sort of) document, then the information is worth something.  It is never proof, but it is reasonably strong evidence--the strongest kind we can give, at any rate.
 * It seems pretty clear that something like e-business qualifies as a word. It's a word that I detest, but it meets pretty much every criterion that I can think of for a term.  It has print usage, it has spoken usage, it is common, it is used in more than one field (granted, it is usually limited to the uber-field of business/computing/economics, but it is generally understood), and the meanings are pretty clearly defined.  Leet terminology, on the other hand, is limited to a single subculture, though a few tokens have slipped out into the more mainstreem (1337/l337/leet being one of the most common one.  hax0r, pr0n, and the like could also be argued for).  In these cases I think some arguments can be made, but one of the problems is that, while the underlying terms might qualify, in many cases the terms are constructed with some permutation of alphanumeric symbols.  These do not each indicate a term on their own and they are not recognized as a specific term (i.e., there is no distinction between wareZ and war3z or w4rez or w4r3z.  The latter are understood not as recognizable tokens, but as resembling a recognizable token), which makes identifying what the "term" in question is (we can start with leet and warez and list alternate spellings, but where to we go with pr0n, and what about the other variations of recognizable words that have not gained new meaning, as in sp34k in l337 sp34k, or leet speak?  The fact that these words do not always have a consistent pronunciation is just another hurdle to overcome).  Additionally, many of these terms do not have clearly defined and recognizable meanings, which is an additional argument against their inclusion.  This is surely enough material for a whole policy page, even if we agree that it should follow the same basic policies as any other words.  Compared to all of this, e-business (32.8 million GHits) and e-commerce are pretty easy.  E-dictionary is a little bit harder, but I'd say there are some decent arguments in favor of it (mostly supplied by dmh).  E-quaint and its variations, on the other hand, are pretty clearly not ready for Wiktionary.  They are on the far side of a threshold that threatens to swamp the Wiktionary with meaningless gibberish.
 * I'd like to respond to "How long should it take for a word to go from neologism to "just a word", given it takes a full year for a term to go from complete nonsense to a neologism? IMNSHO, it should be about a decade to become just a word."
 * As far as I can tell, new words never go through a "complete nonsense" stage. As I said, they seem generally to be coined with a clear meaning off the bat, and then find wider usage (or not).  I doubt there's any fixed time limit on this process — there are probably documentable cases of words being coined on the spot on live TV or radio and persisting in general use thenceonward.
 * And here's a handy example. The faux-Bushism misunderestimate debuted on Saturday Night Live (or at least no one to my knowledge has shown an earlier example, even among GWB's recorded utterances; thanks to User:Eean for correcting my initial etymology).  It has been use prominently and repeatedly since then, for example in a newspaper column, a published book and an interview with Condoleeza Rice.  It was introduced without definition for a particular purpose and has been meaningful — neither nonsense nor gibberish — from the outset.
 * Except for the unusually broad and quick distribution, this appears to be the typical pattern. In typical cases there would appear to be little room for doubt as to whether a coinage has a definite meaning.  The question of attestation has more to do with whether a person encountering the new term might need a general dictionary such as ours to find out that meaning. -dmh 03:09, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The "one year" criterion on CFI is aimed at whether a usage has actually persisted. We don't look for random noise at time T and emerging meaning or somesuch at time T+one year.  We look for consistent usages at least a year apart.
 * Frankly, I don't see a lot of benefit to trying to classify words as "neologism", "real word", "marketing bullshit" or whatever. We can say with reasonable confidence that people are using a word and surprisingly often work out a coherent definition.  That seems good.  Going beyond that generally seems to increase the heat/light ratio significantly.
 * Maybe it would help if I were a bit more explicit that I consider these issues pragmatic. I, too, have opinions about good and bad usage and which words I like and don't like.  Many of them may coincide with yours.  I have no problem with value judgements in language.  I just find that trying to take them into account when deciding whether to delete words or attach disclaimers to them generally does not work well. -dmh 16:51, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * My point back there was that I probably wouldn't have even considered nomionating it for deletion if people were not in the practice of removing neologism and protologism tags. Hmmm.  Maybe I would have tried anyway.  But if it were standard practice to just flag it as unattested or protologism or neologism it would be a lot easier to just move on.  Having a ten-year margin of error for neologisms covers people who don't use the internet, as well as those (such as myself) who say that new words are by nature of being new, unworthy of having an official-looking entry that does not indicate it's freshness.  --Connel MacKenzie 04:45, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 *  How long has google been a verb? It would be (somewhat) hard to argue that at this point it's not a word deserving an entry.

 * I would most certainly call the verb google a neologism (now that the meaning of protologism has been clarified for me.) Does that make it not a word?  Of course not.  It classifies it as a new word.  --Connel MacKenzie 04:45, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * I have no problem at all with tagging entries with some indication of how and when a term has been used. In fact, I'd like to see more of it.  What I don't like is 1) Tagging an entry RFD instead of adding a note to the effect that "this term appears to be recent and has not yet been sighted in widely-published printed sources" or similar. 2) The use of clearly POV terms like "nonsense", "illiterate" or conversely "respectable" in discussions of whether to record a usage. 3) The use of designations like "verifiable" and "published source" without any specific criteria behind them.
 * If you'd like to help hammer out some new designations to fit into the existing category system, I would be all for it. Note that we currently have an "internet" designation for terms like IRC, email and so forth.  Similarly, IRC is its own designation (I believe).  These don't really need to be tagged as new, since their whole context is new.  OTOH, dated quotes never hurt.  On the other hand, something like aretegenic is a new term in an old and specialized field, probably not in general use even within that field (despite some friendly mentions by authors other than its inventor).  It should probably be tagged as "neologism".  I would tend to think that neologism is more a matter of degree of adoption than chronological age, but we can talk about that.
 * I'd much rather talk about any of this than some of the other topics we've covered. -dmh 05:32, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

May I remind everybody that this discussion is about E-Dictionary/E-dictionary and that the above wide-rangeing discussion will be removed when the dust has cleared. If anyone feels that some of this should be saved elsewhere please copy the discussion to that page before it disappears. Eclecticology 20:39, 2005 Jun 17 (UTC)
 * Saving this page does not mean that every "e-" page will be saved. At some point limits about which of these we keep need to be established. Eclecticology 17:29, 2005 Jun 26 (UTC)

title: Talk:e-dictionary


text:
invariance

Noun

 * 1) The property of being invariant.

Hyponyms

 * Lorentz invariance

Derived terms

 * scale invariance

title: invariance


text:
Lorentz group

Etymology
Named after (1853–1928), A Dutch physicist.

Noun

 * 1)  The group of all Lorentz transformations in spacetime.

title: Lorentz group


text:
Lorentz transformation

Etymology
Named after the Dutch physicist (1853–1928).

Noun

 * 1)  A  relating the spacetime coordinates of one frame of reference to another in special relativity.

Translations

 * Catalan: transformació de Lorentz
 * Estonian: Lorentzi teisendus
 * Finnish: Lorentz-muunnos
 * French: transformation de Lorentz
 * German: Lorentztransformation
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian: trasformazione di Lorentz
 * Portuguese: transformação de Lorentz
 * Spanish: transformación de Lorentz

title: Lorentz transformation


text:
manipulation

Etymology
From, from , from. Morphologically

Noun

 * 1) The practice of manipulating or the state of being manipulated.
 * 2) The skillful use of the hands in, for example, chiropractic.
 * 3) The usage of psychological influence over a person, event, or situation to gain a desired outcome.
 * 1) The usage of psychological influence over a person, event, or situation to gain a desired outcome.
 * 1) The usage of psychological influence over a person, event, or situation to gain a desired outcome.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: تَلَاعُب, تَعْدِيل, تَغْيِير
 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: маніпуля́цыя
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish: manipulation
 * Dutch: ,
 * Estonian: manipulatsioon
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: მანიპულაცია
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:
 * Latvian: manipulācija
 * Lithuanian: manipuliacija
 * Macedonian: манипулација
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: manipulasjon
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: манипула́ција
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: manipulácia
 * Slovene: manipulacija
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: маніпуля́ція, маніпулюва́ння
 * Vietnamese:
 * West Frisian: manipulaasje

 * Bulgarian: бора́вене
 * Catalan:
 * Dutch:
 * Persian: دست‌ورزی
 * Polish:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: манипула́ција
 * Roman:
 * Ukrainian: маніпуля́ція

 * Armenian: ,
 * Bulgarian: подве́ждане
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: Manipulierung, Manipulieren,
 * Hungarian:
 * Polish:
 * Spanish:
 * Ukrainian: маніпуля́ція

Etymology
From.

title: manipulation


text:
equivalence

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1)  The condition of being equivalent or essentially equal.
 * 2)  An equivalence relation; ≡; ~
 * 3)  The relationship between two propositions that are either both true or both false.
 * 4)  The quantity of the combining power of an atom, expressed in hydrogen units; the number of hydrogen atoms can combine with, or be exchanged for; valency.
 * 5)  A Boolean operation that is TRUE when both input variables are TRUE or both input variables are FALSE, but otherwise FALSE; the XNOR function.
 * 6)  A number in intersection theory. A positive-dimensional variety sometimes behaves formally as if it were a finite number of points; this number is its equivalence.
 * 7)  The degree to which a term or text in one language is semantically similar to its translated counterpart.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: equivalència
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: samasus
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: Gleichwertigkeit
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:
 * Latvian: līdzvērtība
 * Malay:
 * Polish: równoważność
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,

 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:
 * Spanish:

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:
 * Spanish:

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Finnish:
 * Hindi: समानार्थकता, पर्यायत्व
 * Spanish:

Verb

 * 1)  To be equivalent or equal to; to counterbalance.

title: equivalence


text:
ĉielarko

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) rainbow

title: ĉielarko


text:
ĉieliro

Noun

 * 1) Ascension (of Enoch, Elijah, Christ, Muhammad, etc)

title: ĉieliro


text:
aingeal

Etymology 1
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  angel
 * 2)  angel-noble

Declension

 * Irregular vocative plural:

Etymology 2
From, ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1) fire; lighted coal

Declension

 * Irregular vocative plural:

Etymology 1
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) angel
 * 2) messenger

Etymology 2
From, ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1) fire
 * 2)  light, sunshine

title: aingeal


text:
ĉifi

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) crumple
 * 2) muss

title: ĉifi


text:
cifero

Etymology
Probably from, from , from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. .

Noun

 * 1) figure (numeric)
 * 2) numeral, digit

title: cifero


text:
ciferplato

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) dial

title: ciferplato


text:
ĉifono

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) rag

title: ĉifono


text:
cigaro

Etymology
From, , , , , all ultimately from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) cigar

title: cigaro


text:
cigaredo

Etymology
From, from (via ) +. Possibly borrowed as a separate root from to reserve  (cigaro + ) to mean "small cigar".

Noun

 * 1) cigarette

title: cigaredo


text:
cigno

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) swan

Noun

 * 1) swan

Etymology
From, , ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1) any member of the Cygnus taxonomic genus – swan

title: cigno


text:
ĉikani

Etymology
Borrowed from, ultimately from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to quibble, to cavil at to complain or argue for frivolous reasons
 * 2)  to bully
 * 3)  to gossip

Usage notes
The 1894 Univerala Vortaro defined this root as "gossip", though it means "quibble" in international usage.

title: ĉikani


text:
cikatro

Etymology
From and, both from.

Noun

 * 1) scar, cicatrix

title: cikatro


text:
brill

Etymology 1
Possibly from, from , plural of , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) A type of flatfish,.

Derived terms

 * New Zealand brill

Translations

 * Basque: erreboilo ezkatadun
 * Catalan: ,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: rombofiŝo, rombo
 * Finnish: silokampela
 * French:
 * Galician: ,
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ῥόμβος
 * Maori: pātikinui
 * Norman: brille
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish: nagład
 * Russian: гла́дкий ромб,, гла́дкий калка́н
 * Spanish: rémol,
 * Venetian: soazo
 * Welsh: lleden fannog

Adjective

 * 1)   wonderful, amusing; cool.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) bird call
 * 2) decoy bird

title: brill


text:
cikonio

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) stork wading bird of the family

title: cikonio


text:
cikorio

Noun

 * 1) chicory

title: cikorio


text:
cimo

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  bug
 * 2) bedbug
 * 3)  bug

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  sprout, bud
 * 2)  pre-flowering  (turnip) greens, usually consumed in  or as a side dish
 * 1)  pre-flowering  (turnip) greens, usually consumed in  or as a side dish

Noun

 * 1) top uppermost part

title: cimo


text:
cinabro

Etymology
From and, both from , from.

Noun

 * 1) cinnabar

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) cinnabar

title: cinabro


text:
cinamo

Noun

 * 1) cinnamon

title: cinamo


text:
ĉi

Etymology
Proximal pronouns in  and , all ultimately from.

Particle

 * 1) here (adverbial particle of proximity)
 * ĉi combines with demonstrative correlatives to indicate that the referrent is somehow near the speaker:
 * ĉi tiu / tiu ĉi: "this [one/person]"
 * ĉi tio / tio ĉi: "this [thing]"
 * ĉi tia / tia ĉi: "this kind of"
 * ĉi ties / ties ĉi: "belonging to these people"
 * ĉi tiel / tiel ĉi: "this [standard] manner or degree"
 * ĉi tie / tie ĉi: "here"
 * ĉi tiam / tiam ĉi: "then [just past or very soon]"
 * ĉi tiom / tiom ĉi: "this much [of a typical quantity]"
 * ĉi tial / tial ĉi: "for this [common] reason"
 * 1) just mentioned, the latter
 * 2)   here, this
 * 1)   here, this

title: ĉi


text:
ĉia

Etymology
From.

Determiner

 * 1) every
 * 2) each
 * 3) every kind of

title: ĉia


text:
ĉiam

Adverb

 * 1) at all times, always

title: ĉiam


text:
ĉie

Adverb

 * 1) everywhere (universal correlative of place)

title: ĉie


text:
ĉiel

Etymology
.Not related to.

Adverb

 * 1) in every manner, in every way. The universal correlative of manner or degree.

title: ĉiel


text:
ĉio

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) everything (The universal correlative of objects.)

Usage notes

 * The plural forms and  are nonstandard and rare.

title: ĉio


text:
cipreso

Noun

 * 1) cypress (tree)

Noun

 * 1) cypress (tree)

title: cipreso


text:
ciro

Etymology
, from. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) wax; polish

title: ciro


text: Category:Rhetoric

title: Category:Rhetoric


text:
ĉirkaŭ

Etymology
From.

Preposition

 * 1) around
 * 2) about (around)

title: ĉirkaŭ


text:
ĉirkaŭaĵo

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) environs
 * 2) surroundings

title: ĉirkaŭaĵo


text:
accumulatio

Etymology
Borrowed from. .

Noun

 * 1)  A forceful summarisation of previously made points.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) The act of heaping up.

title: accumulatio


text:
ĉirkaŭi

Etymology
From +.

Verb

 * 1) to encircle
 * 2) to surround

title: ĉirkaŭi


text:
ĉirkaŭo

Noun

 * 1) circumference
 * 2) surroundings

title: ĉirkaŭo


text:
ĉirkaŭmano

Etymology
From.

title: ĉirkaŭmano


text:
ĉirkaŭpreni

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to ,

title: ĉirkaŭpreni


text:
ĉirkaŭskribi

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to

title: ĉirkaŭskribi


text:
escutcheon

Etymology
From, from , (French ), ultimately from. Related to.

Noun

 * 1)  The shield on which a coat of arms is displayed, or, by extension, the coat of arms itself.
 * 2)  A small shield used to charge a larger one.
 * 3)  The pattern of distribution of hair upon the pubic mound.
 * 4) A marking upon the back of a cow's udder and the space above it (the perineum), formed by the hair growing upward or outward instead of downward. It was once taken as an index of milking qualities.
 * 5)  The part of a ship's stern where its name is displayed.
 * 6) A decorative and/or protective plate or bezel to fill the gap between a switch, pipe, valve, control knob, etc., and the surface from which it protrudes.
 * 7) The insignia around a doorknob's exterior hardware or a door lock's cosmetic plate.
 * 8) The depression behind the beak of certain bivalves; the ligamental area.
 * 1)  The part of a ship's stern where its name is displayed.
 * 2) A decorative and/or protective plate or bezel to fill the gap between a switch, pipe, valve, control knob, etc., and the surface from which it protrudes.
 * 3) The insignia around a doorknob's exterior hardware or a door lock's cosmetic plate.
 * 4) The depression behind the beak of certain bivalves; the ligamental area.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Danish: våbenskjold
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Irish:
 * Italian:, ,
 * Macedonian: штит
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish: tarcza herbowa
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:

 * Dutch: sleutelschild
 * Finnish: peitelevy
 * French:
 * Portuguese: escudete

title: escutcheon


text:
cirkelo

Etymology
From, , , all from. .

Noun

 * 1) compass tool used for drawing circles

title: cirkelo


text:
amative

Etymology
From, from , perfect passive participle of.

Adjective

 * 1) Pertaining to love; amorous.
 * 2) * 1898, His amative enthusiasm, at which he is himself laughing, and his clever, imaginative, humorous ways, contrast strongly with the sincere tenderness and dignified quietness of the woman. : George Bernard Shaw, The Philanderer

Translations

 * Bengali: অনুরাগপ্রবণ, অনুরাগজনক
 * Bulgarian: любовен,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:

title: amative


text:
cirkonstanco

Etymology
From, from. . Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) circumstance

title: cirkonstanco


text:
cirkulero

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) circular (circular letter)

Noun

 * 1) circular (circular letter)

title: cirkulero


text:
citi

Etymology
From, , , , all ultimately from.

Verb

 * 1) to cite
 * 2) to quote

Etymology
, from, from.

Verb

 * 1) to read

title: citi


text:
citro

Noun

 * 1) zither

Noun

 * 1) ice

Noun

 * 1) citrus any shrub or tree in the genus, or its fruit

title: citro


text:
rémois

Adjective

 * 1) from Reims

title: rémois


text:
ĉiu

Pronoun

 * 1) each one, everyone, each person. (The universal correlative of individuals.)

Determiner

 * 1) every, all, each

title: ĉiu


text:
ĉiuj

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) everyone
 * 2) everybody

Determiner

 * 1) all

title: ĉiuj


text:
civilizi

Verb

 * 1) To civilize
 * 2) To enlighten

title: civilizi


text:
ĉizi

Etymology
Likely from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬

Verb

 * 1)  to chisel, to carve

title: ĉizi


text:
-ĉjo

Etymology
From, an ending of Russian diminutives of personal names (male and female: , , etc; formed by analogy with.

title: -ĉjo


text:
ĉokolado

Etymology
From, from , where the ultimate etymology is unclear.

Noun

 * 1) chocolate

title: ĉokolado


text:
summarisation

Noun

 * 1)  The act of summarising
 * Jim is very adept at summarisation.
 * 1)  The process of summarising
 * After summarisation, these documents seem much simpler.
 * 1)  A summary; the result of summarising
 * Jim's summarisation of the incident was very useful.

Translations

 * Arabic: تَلْخِيص
 * Persian: خلاصه سازی,
 * Portuguese: sumarização
 * Ukrainian: сумування

title: summarisation


text:
espousal

Etymology
From, , from , from , neuter plural of , from ; see.

Noun

 * 1) A betrothal.
 * 2) A wedding ceremony.
 * 3) Adoption of a plan, cause, or idea.
 * 1) Adoption of a plan, cause, or idea.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:

 * Finnish: ,

title: espousal


text:
ĉu

Etymology
From, or the related.

Particle

 * 1) interrogative particle
 * 2) whether, if
 * 3)  whether ... or
 * 4)  whether ... or not
 * 1)  whether ... or
 * 2)  whether ... or not
 * 1)  whether ... or
 * 2)  whether ... or not

Usage notes
Ĉu as a tag question marker is a shortening of the sentence ender, but carries a slightly different connotation and seems to be a relatively new invention, from the 1990s onwards.

title: ĉu


text:
loĝi

Etymology
Borrowed from, ultimately from. Compare 🇨🇬. .

Verb

 * 1) to live (in a dwelling); reside, dwell
 * 2)  to be inhabited
 * 1)  to be inhabited
 * 1)  to be inhabited
 * 1)  to be inhabited

title: loĝi


text:
summarization

Etymology
From.

title: summarization


text:
espial

Etymology
From, from 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) An act of noticing or observing.
 * 2) The fact of noticing or observing; a discovery.
 * 3)  A scout; a spy.
 * 1) The fact of noticing or observing; a discovery.
 * 2)  A scout; a spy.
 * 1)  A scout; a spy.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: съзиране, забелязване
 * Russian: ,

title: espial


text:
daktilo

Etymology
From, from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) date stone fruit of the date palm

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) typewriter

title: daktilo


text:
damoj

Noun

 * 1)  checkers; draughts (game)

title: damoj


text:
damasko

Noun

 * 1) damask
 * 2) * Juliusz Kriss, "Kavaliro":

title: damasko


text:
espresso

Etymology
Borrowed from, from , form of , from , from +.

Some sources derive the term from “expressly (‘individually, directly’) made for the customer”, or as “fast” (Italian also meaning “fast”, as in English ) but these are not widely credited. The original term for modern espresso (coffee extracted under pressure) was, from 🇨🇬 (variant:  ), due to the crema, and was seen on early  machines, but this term is no longer used.

Noun

 * 1) A concentrated coffee beverage brewed by forcing hot water under high pressure through finely ground coffee.
 * 2) A drink that includes espresso as an ingredient.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: espresso
 * Arabic: إِسْبْرِسُّو
 * Armenian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 濃縮咖啡, 濃咖啡
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian:
 * Faroese: espresso
 * Finnish:
 * French:, , , , , , café court
 * Galician:
 * Georgian:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: אֶסְפְּרֵסוֹ
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Indonesian: espresso
 * Italian:, caffè espresso, caffè liscio
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Lao: ເອສເປຣສໂຊ
 * Lithuanian: espresas
 * Macedonian: еспре́со
 * Maori: kawhe tere
 * Mongolian: эспрессо
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: espresso
 * Persian: اسپرسو
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: café expresso,, , cimbalino
 * Russian:
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene: espresso
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Thai: เอสเปรสโซ
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: еспре́со
 * Vietnamese:
 * Yiddish: עספּרעסאָ־קאַווע, עספּרעסאָ

Etymology
Borrowed from, a shortening of.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) espresso

Etymology
Past participle of ; borrowed from.

Adjective

 * 1) express

Noun

 * 1) express letter
 * 1) express letter
 * 1) express letter
 * 1) express letter

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

title: espresso


text:
danci

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to dance
 * 2)  to dance

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  Roma child

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) bicycle

title: danci


text:
dando

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) dandy
 * 2) fop

title: dando


text:
danĝero

Etymology
From,.

Noun

 * 1) danger
 * 2) * 1912, E. Ĉefeĉ, "Pluaj argumentoj por pruvi, ke la teorio: "La radikoj en Esperanto havas gramatikan karakteron" kontraustaras la intencojn de la fundamento":
 * "eo"

- Grava danĝero por la estonteco de nia lingvo kuŝas, laŭ mia opinio, en la akcepto de tiu propono.

title: danĝero


text:
danki

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to thank

Derived terms

 * , thanksgiving, act of thanking
 * , thanksgiving celebration, Thanksgiving (U.S. and Canadian holiday)
 * , thankful
 * , you're welcome (lit. "not worthy of thanks")

Related terms

 * , thankful
 * , thankfully
 * , thanks (noun)
 * , thank you, thanks (interjection)

Etymology
From.

Interjection

 * 1) thanks
 * 2) thank you

Etymology
From,.

Interjection

 * 1) thanks, thank you

title: danki


text:
dato

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) wealthy

Noun

 * 1) wealthy person

Noun

 * 1) date a given point of time

Noun

 * 1) the given date
 * Tien jaar na dato gaan er nog steeds stemmen op dat het geen ongeluk was, maar dat het om een samenzwering gaat. — Ten years after the given date, there still rise up voices saying that it was no accident, but that it had to do with a conspiracy.

Noun

 * 1) date

Etymology
.

Adverb

 * 1) the given date

Etymology 1
From.

Etymology 3
.

Noun

 * 1) datum item of data
 * 2) fact
 * 3) evidence, proof

Etymology
From datu.

Noun

 * 1) chief

Noun

 * 1) date specific day

Noun

 * 1) date specific day

Etymology 1
. Cf. .

Noun

 * 1) datum a single piece of information

Etymology
From. Compare with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬 /. .

Noun

 * 1) middle finger or toe
 * 2) scales of a fighting cock
 * 3)  head sacristan
 * 1) scales of a fighting cock
 * 2)  head sacristan

Noun

 * 1)  deputy of a datu

Etymology
Borrowed from. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) data, information

title: dato


text:
dativo

Noun

 * 1) dative

Adjective

 * 1)  dative

Noun

 * 1)  dative case

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) dative

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1)  dative

title: dativo


text:
daturo

Noun

 * 1) thorn apple
 * 2) jimsonweed (plant of genus )

title: daturo


text:
daŭri

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Verb

 * 1) to endure
 * 2) to last

title: daŭri


text:
daŭrigi

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to continue

title: daŭrigi


text:
esprit

Etymology
Borrowed from. , possibly also.

Noun

 * 1) Spirit, enthusiasm.
 * 2) A wit.
 * 3) Liveliness, or active mind and spirit.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: ,
 * German:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Finnish: ,

 * Finnish: ,
 * German:
 * Russian:

Etymology
.

Etymology
, from, borrowed from through Ecclesiastical Latin and Christian religious texts.

Noun

 * 1) immaterial or incorporeal substance
 * 2) disembodied mind
 * 3) mind (in the wide sense)
 * 4) mind (as principle of thought)
 * 5) specific mind aptitude
 * 6) high mind aptitude
 * 7) deep intention, sense, or purpose (of a text, action, attitude...); philosophy (in figurative sense)
 * 8)  human being, as possessing abilities of mind
 * 9) (old) volatile fluid ; (in particular) alcohol

title: esprit


text: Hardon

title: Hardon


text:
decidi

Etymology
Borrowed from, ,.

Verb

 * 1) to decide

title: decidi


text:
decembro

Etymology
From, ,.

Noun

 * 1)  December twelfth month of the Gregorian calendar

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) December

Noun

 * 1) December (twelfth month of the Gregorian calendar)

title: decembro


text:
deĉifri

Verb

 * 1) to decipher

title: deĉifri


text:
dediĉi

Etymology
Borrowed from,.

Verb

 * 1) to dedicate.

title: dediĉi


text:
defendi

Verb

 * 1) to defend

title: defendi


text:
degeli

Verb

 * 1)  to thaw

title: degeli


text:
degeneri

Verb

 * 1)  to degenerate

title: degeneri


text:
escapement

Etymology
. The watch component is so called because it allows a tooth to escape from a pallet at each vibration.

Noun

 * 1)  The linkage in a (watch) that gives impulses to the timekeeping element and periodically releases the gear train to move forward, advancing the clock's hands.
 * 2) A mechanism found in devices such as a typewriter or printer which controls lateral motion of the carriage.
 * 3) An escape or means of escape.
 * 4) The number of fish that escape commercial fishing operations and travel upstream to spawn.
 * 1) An escape or means of escape.
 * 2) The number of fish that escape commercial fishing operations and travel upstream to spawn.

Translations

 * Catalan: escapament
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 擒縱器
 * Esperanto: kliko
 * French:
 * German:
 * Korean: 탈진기(脫進機)
 * Spanish: mecanismo de escape
 * Welsh: gollyngiad

title: escapement


text:
degradi

Verb

 * 1) to demote
 * 2)  to degrade

title: degradi


text:
deĵori

Etymology
From and, both from.

Verb

 * 1)  to be on duty

title: deĵori


text:
deklinacii

Verb

 * 1)  to decline

title: deklinacii


text:
deklivo

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) declivity
 * 2) slope
 * 3)  backslash

title: deklivo


text:
dekstra

Etymology
From,.

Adjective

 * 1) right (opposite of left).
 * 2) * 1915, L. L. Zamenhof (translator), Malnova Testamento, Eliro 15:12.
 * "eo"

- Vi etendis Vian dekstran manon, Kaj ilin englutis la tero.

title: dekstra


text:
escapology

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) The study or art of escaping from a physical restraint, enclosure, or constriction, such as a rope, a sealed box, handcuffs, etc.; escape artistry.
 * 2)  Escape from a difficult situation.
 * 1)  Escape from a difficult situation.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 脫逃術
 * Finnish: eskapologia
 * French:
 * Japanese: 脱出芸
 * Occitan: escapologia
 * Portuguese: escapologia
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: utbrytarkonst

title: escapology


text:
maldekstra

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) left

title: maldekstra


text:
delfeno

Etymology
From French dauphin, English dolphin, German Delphin, Russian дельфин, and Polish delfin, ultimately from Latin delphīnus, with -ino altered to -eno to avoid confusion with the suffix -ino.

Noun

 * 1) a dolphin

title: delfeno


text:
delikata

Etymology
Common European Kulturwort, from.

Etymology
, from.

title: delikata


text:
deliri

Etymology
., an inherited development.

Noun

 * 1) delirium

Verb

 * 1) to be delirious
 * 2) to rave

title: deliri


text:
demandi

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to ask, inquire, question
 * 2)  to ,
 * 1)  to ,
 * 1)  to ,

title: demandi


text:
demono

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) demon

Etymology
, most from, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) demon

title: demono


text:
densa

Adjective

 * 1) dense

Etymology
Borrowed from, , , and , ultimately from.

Adjective

 * 1)  having a high density

title: densa


text:
dento

Etymology
From,.

Noun

 * 1) tooth

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) tooth
 * 2) barb

title: dento


text:
denunci

Verb

 * 1) denounce

title: denunci


text:
escalade

Etymology
Borrowed from, from , from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) An act of scaling walls or fortifications.
 * An escalade was required for the warriors to attack the troops.

Verb

 * 1)  To scale the walls of a fortification.

Translations

 * French:
 * Luxembourgish: eskaladéieren
 * Polish:
 * Romanian:

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  climbing
 * 2) escalation

title: escalade


text:
deputi

Etymology
From, from.

Verb

 * 1)  to depute
 * 2)  to send (someone) as a deputy

Etymology
From, from , from.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) deputy

title: deputi


text:
desegni

Verb

 * 1) to draw (a picture, etc.)
 * 2) to design

title: desegni


text:
detala

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) detailed

title: detala


text:
mrównik

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) aardvark, earth pig

title: mrównik


text:
User talk:Shruthi99~enwiktionary

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wiktionary. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * Wiktionary Tutorial
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I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wiktionarian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk (discussion) and vote pages using four tildes, like this: ~~~~, which automatically produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the beer parlour or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome!

I have wikified hagiography and corrected the definition. The main points were - ==English== rather than =English= - soft numbering (with #) rather than hard (makes it easier to insert new definitions) - some wikification of words in the definitions. Cheers. SemperBlotto 21:49, 26 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

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Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Shruthi99. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Shruthi99~enwiktionary that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

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Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 00:05, 18 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
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title: User talk:Shruthi99~enwiktionary


text:
erysipelas

Etymology
From, borrowed from , from , probably related to and.

Noun

 * 1)  An acute, sometimes recurrent febrile disease caused by infection of a hemolytic streptococcus, associated with intense edematous local inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissues, and marked by large raised red patches on the skin.

Translations

 * Armenian: կարմիր քամի
 * Azerbaijani: qızıl yel xəstəliyi
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan: erisipela
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Esperanto: erizipelo
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: Erysipel, Rotlauf,, Wundrose
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἐρυσίπελας
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: arasaipil, ruachtach,, tine dhia
 * Italian: risipola
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: тілме
 * Korean:
 * Latin: serpēdo
 * Macedonian: црвен ветер
 * Malayalam: എറിസിപ്പെലസ്
 * Norman: résipele
 * Ottoman Turkish: ییلانجق
 * Persian: ایرزیپلاس
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:, оrbalt
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ветар, црвени ветар, црвѐница, јарболац, врбанац, брнка
 * Latin:, , , , ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:

Etymology
Borrowed from, probably related to and  or.

Noun

 * 1)  erysipelas

title: erysipelas


text:
fizz

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) An emission of a rapid stream of bubbles.
 * I poured a cola and waited for the fizz to settle down before topping off the glass.
 * 1) The sound of such an emission.
 * Evan sat back in the hot tub and listened to the relaxing fizz and pops produced by the eruption of bubbles.
 * 1) A carbonated beverage, especially champagne.
 * Nathan ordered an orange fizz from the soda jerk at the counter.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech: bublinky, perlivost
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:, , pihinä

 * Bulgarian: шипене
 * Czech: šumění
 * Estonian: kihin, mulin
 * Finnish:, pihinä

Verb

 * 1)  To emit bubbles.
 * 2)  To make a rapid hissing or bubbling sound.
 * the fizzing fuse of a bomb
 * 1)  To shoot or project something at great velocity.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: пеня се
 * Czech: bublat, perlit
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: mullitama
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ottoman Turkish: كوپورمك

 * Bulgarian: шипя
 * Estonian: mulisema, kihisema
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Swedish:
 * Vietnamese: xèo xèo, xì xì

title: fizz


text:
back-seat driver

Noun

 * 1)  An occupant of a large vehicle, such as a firetruck, who helps steer the vehicle from far in the back.
 * 2) A person sitting (typically) in the back seat of a car issuing (unsolicited and usually unwanted) instructions to the driver.
 * 3)  An opinionated person who offers (unsolicited and often unwanted) advice on the best way to handle a situation.
 * 1)  An opinionated person who offers (unsolicited and often unwanted) advice on the best way to handle a situation.

Usage notes

 * The figurative definition is far more common.

Translations

 * Finnish: takapenkkikuljettaja, takapenkkikuski
 * French:
 * Icelandic: aftursætisbílstjóri
 * Polish: pasażer dający niepożądane rady
 * Russian: поме́ха спра́ва /lit:hindrance from the right/
 * Swedish: baksätesförare

 * Hungarian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: back-seat driver, baksetesjåfør
 * Polish: niepożądany doradca
 * Swedish: baksätesförare

title: back-seat driver


text:
Limburgs

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) Limburgish (the Germanic language)

Adjective

 * 1) Limburgish (related to the language or the Limburg region)

Adjective

 * 1) Limburgish

Proper noun

 * 1) Limburgish (language)

title: Limburgs


text:
meist

Etymology
From, from ,. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) ; most

Adverb

 * 1)  mostly, most often, usually

Etymology
From, , whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, , 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,.

Adverb

 * 1) most

title: meist


text:
gitaar

Etymology
Either borrowed from (from Spanish) or directly from, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  guitar

Etymology
, from, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) guitar

title: gitaar


text:
detrui

Etymology
Borrowed from, ultimately from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to destroy

title: detrui


text:
devi

Etymology
From, ultimately from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, as well as 🇨🇬 and.

Verb

 * 1) ought; should; must
 * 2) * 1905, L. L. Zamenhof, Fundamento de Esperanto, Antaŭparolo.
 * "eo"

- La fundamento de nia lingvo devas resti por ĉiam netuŝebla.

 * 1) * 1915, L. L. Zamenhof (translator), Malnova Testamento, Levidoj 27:33.
 * "eo"

- Oni ne devas esplori, ĉu ĝi estas bona aŭ malbona, kaj oni ĝin devas ne anstataŭigi.

Usage notes
Ordinarily means, in the stronger form. To say or, in the weaker form, the conditional  is used, even in non-conditional clauses. When one actually uses devi in the conditional mood, it is often shown with or  to avoid confusion.

title: devi


text:
devigi

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to compel, force

title: devigi


text:
devizo

Noun

 * 1) motto

title: devizo


text:
dezerto

Noun

 * 1)  desert
 * 2) wilderness
 * 3) wasteland
 * 1) wasteland

title: dezerto


text:
deziri

Etymology
Borrowed from and, from.

Verb

 * 1) to desire, to wish
 * 2) to wish (someone)
 * 3) * 1912, L. L. Zamenhof, speech at the eighth World Congress of Esperanto.
 * "eo"
 * "eo"

- Kaj nun mi deziras al vi ĉiuj gajan feston kaj sukcesan laboron.

title: deziri


text:
diamanto

Etymology 1
Common, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) diamond glimmering mineral commonly made into gemstones

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1) one who loves a god or gods

title: diamanto


text:
diboĉi

Verb

 * 1) to debauch (engage in debauchery)
 * 2) to revel
 * 3) to go on a drinking binge

title: diboĉi


text:
didelfo

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) opossum

Hyponyms

 * a male opossum

title: didelfo


text:
difekti

Verb

 * 1) to damage
 * 2) to injure
 * 3) to spoil

title: difekti


text:
diferenci

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to differ

title: diferenci


text:
difini

Etymology
From,.

Verb

 * 1)  to define
 * 2)  to determine
 * 3)  to allot

title: difini


text:
digo

Verb

 * 1) to take a bath
 * 2) to swim
 * 3) to give someone a bath
 * 4) to shower; to bestow liberally, to give or distribute in abundance

Noun

 * 1) a bath

Etymology
From and, ultimately from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) embankment
 * 2) dyke, levee

Verb

 * 1) to inspect

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) levee, dyke, dam embankment to prevent flooding

Noun

 * 1) soup
 * 2) coconut water

Noun

 * 1) soup

Interjection

 * 1) I mean introduces a correction

Etymology
From.

Interjection

 * 1) I mean; used to explain or correct a previous utterance

Etymology
From. Noun sense derives from verb sense.

Verb

 * 1)  to seal or cork a bottle
 * 2)  to cover one's nakedness a cloth

Noun

 * 1) underwear, loincloth

title: digo


text:
digesti

Verb

 * 1)  to digest

title: digesti


text:
dikti

Verb

 * 1) to dictate

title: dikti


text:
diligenta

Etymology
Common, ultimately from.

Adjective

 * 1) active, assiduous, diligent, hardworking, industrious

Etymology
, from.

Adjective

 * 1) diligent, industrious, hardworking, assiduous

title: diligenta


text:
dimanĉo

Etymology
Borrowed from, ultimately from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) Sunday

title: dimanĉo


text:
humiliating

Adjective

 * 1) Liable to humiliate, degrade, shame or embarrass someone.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: alçaldıcı
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 讓人感到羞辱的
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: nöyryyttävä
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: დამამცირებელი
 * German: ,
 * Gothic: 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐍃
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: niðurlægjandi, auðmýkjandi, lítillækkandi
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 屈辱的
 * Mauritian Creole: imilian
 * Polish: upokarzający
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Thai: น่าอับอาย
 * Ukrainian:

Noun

 * 1) An act of humiliation.

title: humiliating


text:
Waffenstillstand

Etymology
From, a. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) armistice conclusive cessation of combat
 * 2) ceasefire, truce agreed temporary cessation of combat

title: Waffenstillstand


text:
Kaffee

Etymology
17th century, from, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  coffee
 * 2)  A serving of coffee

Etymology
17th century, from, from , from , from. The variants with -o-, which fell into disuse around 1800, are from 🇨🇬 and.

Noun

 * 1) coffee beverage made by infusing coffee beans in hot water
 * 2)  afternoon coffee, afternoon tea, coffee and cake afternoon meal in northern and central Germany, particularly on Sundays

Usage notes

 * As with most beverages in German, the plural Kaffees is only used to mean “several kinds of coffee”. Otherwise the singular form is used: Zwei Kaffee, bitte! – “Two coffees, please!”
 * The use for the afternoon meal is still applicable if one prefers other beverages, such as tea. It would not be all too extraordinary to say:

title: Kaffee


text:
hairpin

Etymology
From, 1788 (as ). Adjective sense 1906 in etc.

Noun

 * 1) A pin or fastener for the hair.
 * 2)  A kind of ribozyme;.
 * 3)  A very tight bend in a road; a hairpin bend.
 * 4)  An elongated horizontal v-shaped sign placed underneath a staff to indicate a crescendo or decrescendo.
 * 1)  An elongated horizontal v-shaped sign placed underneath a staff to indicate a crescendo or decrescendo.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: haarnaald
 * Arabic: دبوس (شعر)
 * Gulf Arabic: ماشة
 * Moroccan Arabic: فنتة
 * Belarusian: шпі́лька
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, , ,
 * Dutch:, haarnaald
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Irish: pionna gruaige, biorán gruaige
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: 머리핀
 * Latin: crīnāle, discerniculum
 * Macedonian: шно́ла
 * Manipuri: ꯁꯝꯐꯥꯕꯤ
 * Mbyá Guaraní: 'a regua
 * Navajo: tsiighá bił dah sitání, tsiighá bił dah nátį́hí
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: hårnål
 * Nynorsk: hårnål
 * Ottoman Turkish: فوركته
 * Plautdietsch: Spald
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:, шпи́лька для воло́с,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: укосница
 * Roman:
 * Slovene: lasnica
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: aguhilya
 * Thai:
 * Ukrainian: шпи́лька для воло́сся, шпи́лька
 * West Frisian: hierspjelde

title: hairpin


text: Category:Esperanto adjectives

title: Category:Esperanto adjectives


text:
kinfolk

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  Relatives, relations.

Translations

 * Belarusian: радня́
 * Bulgarian:
 * German: ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Louisiana Creole French: paren
 * Russian:, ро́дственники, ро́дичи, соро́дичи
 * Ukrainian: рідня́, ро́дичі

title: kinfolk


text:
great-grandchild

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) The child (son or daughter) of one's grandchild.

Usage notes
Additional instances of "great-" can be prepended to the term, each indicating one further generation of descent. For large numbers of generations a number can be substituted, for example, "fourth great-grandchild", "four-greats grandchild" or "four-times-great-grandchild".

Translations

 * Asturian:, , ,
 * Brunei Malay: cicit
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 息
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: lapselapselaps
 * Ewe: tɔgbuitɔgbuiyɔvi, mamamamɛyɔvi
 * Finnish: lapsenlapsenlapsi
 * French:
 * Georgian: შვილთაშვილი
 * German:, ,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian: bisnipote
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: өбере,
 * Latin: pronepos
 * Malay:
 * Jawi:
 * Rumi:
 * Manx: aa-oe
 * Montana Salish: t'ot'ó
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: oldebarn
 * Nynorsk: oldebarn
 * Persian:
 * Polish: prawnuczek,, prawnuczę
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: iar-ogha
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Roman:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: apo sa tuhod
 * Thai:
 * Turkish: netirge
 * Ukrainian: правнуча́
 * Vietnamese: (𡦫)
 * Welsh: gorwyr, gorwyres
 * Yiddish: אור־אייניקל

title: great-grandchild


text:
grand-

Etymology
From, probably modelled after use of in  (e.g., ); see also.

Prefix

 * 1) of a generation removed from the original noun
 * Seth is Amal's grandfather.

Translations

 * Finnish:
 * French: ,

Etymology
From. Its invariability in certain uses reflects the invariability of Latin.

Prefix

 * 1) ; indicates a relationship of ancestry one generation older than the noun:,.
 * 2) Non-productively used in certain conventional forms where grand before a feminine noun is invariable in usage:, ,.
 * 1) Non-productively used in certain conventional forms where grand before a feminine noun is invariable in usage:, ,.

Usage notes

 * grand- in kin terms indicates only the older generation; the younger generation is indicated with :.
 * grand- is invariable for gender. Usage is divided as to whether it varies for number when it is used with a feminine noun: /. When used with a masculine noun, it varies for number:.

title: grand-


text:
MediaWiki:Excontentauthor

content: '$1' (last edit: $2‧T‧U)

title: MediaWiki:Excontentauthor


text:
MediaWiki:Movereason

Reason (254 chars max)

title: MediaWiki:Movereason


text:
ברא

Noun

 * 1) son, child

Verb

 * 1) to create

Etymology 1
Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) To create (when act of a deity).

Verb

 * 1)  To clear, to clear-cut, to cut down.

title: ברא


text:
condiment

Etymology
From late, from , from , from. See also and compare.

Noun

 * 1) Something used to enhance the flavor of food; for example, salt or pepper.

Hyponyms

 * See also Thesaurus:seasoning

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: تَابِل
 * Hijazi Arabic: تَابِل
 * Armenian:
 * Basque: gozagarri, ongarri, ongailu
 * Belarusian: прыпра́ва
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech: ochucovadlo
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Esperanto: spicaĵo
 * Estonian: maitseaine, ürt, vürts, supiroheline
 * Farefare: zẽerɔ
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: საკაზმი
 * German:, Kondiment,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἄρτυμα
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Irish: anlann, tarsann, bealaíocht
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: дәмқосар
 * Khmer:
 * Korean:
 * Lao:
 * Latin: pulmentum
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Maori: kīnaki, tārau
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Mongolian: ᠴᠤᠤ
 * Persian:, ,
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: smakförstärkare
 * Tagalog: kondimento
 * Thai: เครื่องปรุงรส
 * Turkish: ,
 * Ukrainian: припра́ва
 * Vietnamese:

Verb

 * 1)  To season with condiments.
 * 2)  To pickle.

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) spice

title: condiment


text:
robbery

Etymology
From, , , from , from the verb +. Ultimately from unattested. . Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Displaced native.

Noun

 * 1) The act or practice of robbing.
 * 2)  The offense of taking or attempting to take the property of another by force or threat of force.

Translations

 * Arabic:, لُصُوصِيَّة
 * Azerbaijani: soyğun, soyma, çapqın, çapovul, ,
 * Belarusian: грабе́ж, разбо́й, лупе́ж, рабу́нак
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: røveri
 * Dutch: ,
 * Egyptian:
 * Esperanto: rabado
 * Finnish:, ryöstely ,  , ryösteleminen
 * French:, vol à main armée
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ძარცვა
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: λῃστεία
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:, ruberia,
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: тонау
 * Korean:
 * Latin:
 * Macedonian: грабеж, пљачка
 * Malay:
 * Malayalam:
 * Marathi: दरोडा, दरोडेखोरी
 * Middle English: robberie, revynge, robbynge
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: ran, røveri
 * Nynorsk: ran
 * Old English: rēaflāc
 * Persian: ,
 * Polish:, , ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: пља̏чка
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: lúpež
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tamil:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: грабі́ж, грабу́нок, грабі́жка
 * Vietnamese:

 * Danish: røveriforsøg
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Middle English: robberie, revynge, robbynge
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Slovene:
 * Swedish:

 * Macedonian: ,
 * Norwegian:
 * Scottish Gaelic:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Roman:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:

title: robbery


text:
larceny

Etymology
Coined in (as ) between 1425 and 1475 from, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  The unlawful taking of personal property as an attempt to deprive the legal owner of it permanently.
 * 2)  An individual instance of such a taking.
 * 1)  An individual instance of such a taking.
 * 1)  An individual instance of such a taking.
 * 1)  An individual instance of such a taking.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 偷盜罪, 盜竊罪
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic: stuldur,
 * Ingrian: varkahus
 * Japanese:
 * Malay:
 * Rumi:
 * Persian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Slovene: odtujitev,
 * Spanish: ,

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 偷盜罪, 盜竊罪
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Persian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Slovene:

title: larceny