text:
regime

Etymology
Borrowed from, from. .

Noun

 * 1) Mode of rule or management.
 * 2) A form of government, or the government in power, particularly an authoritarian or totalitarian one.
 * 3) A period of rule.
 * 4) A regulated system; a regimen.
 * 5) A division of a Mafia crime family, led by a caporegime.
 * 6)  A set of characteristics.
 * 1) A regulated system; a regimen.
 * 2) A division of a Mafia crime family, led by a caporegime.
 * 3)  A set of characteristics.
 * 1) A division of a Mafia crime family, led by a caporegime.
 * 2)  A set of characteristics.
 * 1) A division of a Mafia crime family, led by a caporegime.
 * 2)  A set of characteristics.

Usage notes

 * When is used in the sense of a form or instance of government or state, it is usually meant as a pejorative, and may be intended to brand that government or state as illegitimate or authoritarian. Some usage commentators prescribe that when  is used in the sense of "a regulated system; a regimen," such as for health or fitness regimens, the word  should be used instead. But , fourth edition, says that the word  predominates in that sense in British English and that the word  predominates in that sense in American English; this difference suggests that that prescription has been taken up more in America than in Britain.

Translations

 * Arabic:
 * Belarusian: рэжы́м
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Czech:
 * Esperanto: reĝimo
 * Finnish: hallintomalli,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: რეჟიმი
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: тәртіп, тәртіптеме
 * Korean:
 * Macedonian: режим
 * Malay:
 * Norman: régînme
 * Persian:
 * Iranian Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Slovak: režim
 * Spanish:
 * Ukrainian: режи́м
 * Vietnamese: (制度)
 * Welsh:

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic:, سَطْوَة
 * Armenian: ,
 * Azerbaijani: rejim
 * Belarusian: рэжы́м, лад
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 政權
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish: hallintojärjestelmä, ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: რეჟიმი
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: réimeas
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Kazakh:
 * Khmer:, របបគ្រប់គ្រង
 * Korean: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: ڕژێم
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Kyrgyz: режим
 * Lao: ລະບອບ
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian: režimas, santvarka
 * Macedonian: режим
 * Malay:
 * Norman: régînme
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: regime
 * Nynorsk: regime
 * Persian:
 * Iranian Persian:
 * Plautdietsch: Rejierunk
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: рѐжӣм
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: režim
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tajik: режим
 * Thai:, ระบอบการปกครอง
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: režim
 * Ukrainian: режи́м,
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese: (制度)

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 政權統治時期
 * Finnish:, hallintokausi
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Macedonian: режим
 * Norman: régînme
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Vietnamese: (制度)

 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, 養生術
 * Finnish:
 * Portuguese:

 * Finnish:

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) regime political order
 * 2)  undemocratic political order or government
 * 3) regimen, diet
 * 1)  undemocratic political order or government
 * 2) regimen, diet
 * 1) regimen, diet
 * 1) regimen, diet
 * 1) regimen, diet

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) regime, régime
 * 2) regimen

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  form of government

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  form of government

Etymology
..

Noun

 * 1)  mode of rule or management
 * 2)  form of government
 * 3)  period of rule
 * 4) regimen (all senses)
 * 5) diet controlled regimen of food and drink

title: regime


text:
slashdot

Etymology
After , a site that commonly links to other, smaller sites.

Verb

 * 1)  To render a website slow or unusable via the unusually large number of page requests that result from a link on a very popular web site.
 * 2) * 2002, Shelley Powers et al., Unix Power Tools
 * If these numbers are significantly higher than normal usage, something is amiss (perhaps your web server has been slashdotted).
 * 1) * [2003], 2006 Matthew Strebe, The Best of SlashNOT, 2002–2005
 * And that guy is supposed to be thrilled to lose both his inbound and outbound connections and e-mail for the joy of having been slashdotted.
 * 1) * 2005, Ivan Ristic, Apache Security
 * Sites that have been slashdotted report traffic between several hundred and several thousand hits per minute.
 * 1) * 2005, Charles Stross, Accelerando
 * Oh shit, thinks Manfred, better buy some more server time. He can recognize the signs: He's about to be slashdotted.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: slashdot


text:
handsomeness

Noun

 * 1) The quality of being handsome.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, , ,
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Indonesian: ketampanan
 * Polish:
 * Swedish:
 * Thai:

title: handsomeness


text:
handsome

Etymology
From, , equivalent to. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. The original sense was ‘easy to handle or use’, hence ‘suitable’ and ‘apt, clever’ (mid 16th century), giving rise to the current appreciatory senses (late 16th century).

Pronunciation

 * or occasionally ~

Adjective

 * 1) Having a pleasing appearance, good-looking, attractive, particularly:
 * 2) Of a man or boy: attractively manly, having a pleasing face and overall effect.
 * 3) Of a woman: statuesque, beautiful in a masculine or otherwise imposing way.
 * 4) Good, appealing, appropriate.
 * 5)  Fine, clear and bright.
 * 6) Suitable or fit in action; marked with propriety and ease; appropriate.
 * 7) Generous or noble in character.
 * 8) Ample; moderately large.
 * 9)  Of people and things: dexterous; skillful.
 * 1) Of a woman: statuesque, beautiful in a masculine or otherwise imposing way.
 * 2) Good, appealing, appropriate.
 * 3)  Fine, clear and bright.
 * 4) Suitable or fit in action; marked with propriety and ease; appropriate.
 * 5) Generous or noble in character.
 * 6) Ample; moderately large.
 * 7)  Of people and things: dexterous; skillful.
 * 1) Suitable or fit in action; marked with propriety and ease; appropriate.
 * 2) Generous or noble in character.
 * 3) Ample; moderately large.
 * 4)  Of people and things: dexterous; skillful.
 * 1) Generous or noble in character.
 * 2) Ample; moderately large.
 * 3)  Of people and things: dexterous; skillful.
 * 1) Ample; moderately large.
 * 2)  Of people and things: dexterous; skillful.
 * 1)  Of people and things: dexterous; skillful.
 * 1)  Of people and things: dexterous; skillful.
 * 1)  Of people and things: dexterous; skillful.

Usage notes
Deriving from its original senses of, , , , and otherwise having things well in hand, handsome as a synonym of was initially primarily focused on the well-proportioned and noble aspect of a person embodying those positive traits. Over the course of the 19th & 20th centuries, it developed into a more general and gendered idea of male beauty distinguished from the feminine beauty thought to be implied by words like, , , and so on. In reference to men, it continues to have a more aesthetic and general sense than, , , and similar words primarily focused on sexual attraction. In reference to women, present use of handsome can seem old fashioned; when it does appear, depending on context, it may continue the original sense of powerful or statuesque beauty or imply a mannish or otherwise unusual form of beauty. Similarly, present use of handsome for inanimate objects can seem awkward; when it does appear, it usually implies the object is well built, cute and well proportioned.

Translations

 * Apache:
 * Western Apache: ba’olníí
 * Arabic: ,
 * Hijazi Arabic: وسيم, حلو, مَليح
 * Armenian: ,
 * Aromanian:
 * Azerbaijani: yaraşıq, yaraşıqlı
 * Belarusian: прыго́жы, выда́тны, харо́шы, красі́вы, урадлі́вы
 * Bengali:, ,
 * Bulgarian:, го́тин
 * Burmese:
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese:
 * Dungan: җүнмый, җүн
 * Eastern Min: 俊
 * Hokkien:
 * Mandarin:, , ,
 * Czech:, ,
 * Danish: flot,
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * German:, ,
 * Greek:
 * Haitian Creole: bèl
 * Hebrew: טוב מראה
 * Hindi: ख़ूबसूरत
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Ingrian: näökäs
 * Interlingua: bel,
 * Irish: dathúil, dóighiúil, slachtmhar
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Jarai: yâo
 * Kabuverdianu: bunitu, benite
 * Kapampangan: santing, pogi, masanting
 * Korean: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: قۆز
 * Lao:
 * Latin:, formōsus, scitulus
 * Louisiana Creole French: bo, vayan
 * Macedonian: убав, згоден
 * Malay:
 * Malayalam: സുന്ദരന്
 * Maori: purotu, ranginamu
 * Navajo: bíiyis, baa dzólní
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: kjekk
 * Nynorsk: kjekk
 * Persian: خوش‌تیپ
 * Plautdietsch: schmock
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:, ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Saanich: W̱,ÍEs
 * Scots: bonny, braw
 * Scottish Gaelic: eireachdail
 * Slovak: pekný,
 * Spanish:, , de buen parecer, ,  , ,
 * Sundanese: kasep
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: ,
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:, вродли́вий, , хоро́ший, фа́йний
 * Urdu: خوبصورت
 * Vietnamese: đẹp trai
 * Welsh: golygus

 * Bengali:, , হাসিনা
 * German:, ,
 * Maori: purotu
 * Portuguese: bem-apanhada, jeitosa
 * Russian:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: muhkea
 * German: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:

Verb

 * 1)  To render handsome.

title: handsome


text:
fall

Etymology 1
Verb from, from , from , from.

Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun from, , , from , and , from ,. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Sense of "autumn" is attested by the 1660s in England as a shortening of fall of the leaf (1540s), from the falling of leaves during this season. Along with autumn, it mostly replaced the older name harvest as that name began to be associated strictly with the act of harvesting. Compare spring, which began as a shortening of “spring of the leaf”.

Verb

 * 1)  To be moved downwards.
 * 2) To move to a lower position under the effect of gravity.
 * 3) To come down, to drop or descend.
 * 4) To come as if by dropping down.
 * 5) * 1971, Henry Raup Wagner, Spanish Explorations in the Strait of Juan de Fuca:
 * Shortly afterwards a breeze came up from the N dark clouds closing in over everything. At 3 in the afternoon the breeze came up from the S with a thick drizzle. Thus night fell, and thus we passed the rest of it.
 * 1) To come to the ground deliberately, to prostrate oneself.
 * 2) To be brought to the ground.
 * 3)  To move downwards.
 * 4)  To let fall; to drop.
 * 5)  To sink; to depress.
 * 6)  To fell; to cut down.
 * 7)  To change, often negatively.
 * 8)  To become.
 * 9) * 1971, Henry Raup Wagner, Spanish Explorations in the Strait of Juan de Fuca:
 * Shortly afterwards a breeze came up from the N and then it fell calm,
 * 1)  To collapse; to be overthrown or defeated.
 * 2)  To die, especially in battle or by disease.
 * 3)  To become lower (in quantity, pitch, etc.).
 * 4)  To occur (on a certain day of the week, date, or similar); to happen.
 * 5)  To be allotted to; to arrive through chance, fate, or inheritance.
 * 6)  To diminish; to lessen or lower.
 * 7)  To bring forth.
 * 8)  To issue forth into life; to be brought forth; said of the young of certain animals.
 * 9)  To descend in character or reputation; to become degraded; to sink into vice, error, or sin.
 * 10)  To become ensnared or entrapped; to be worse off than before.
 * 11)  To assume a look of shame or disappointment; to become or appear dejected; said of the face.
 * 12)  To happen; to come to pass; to chance or light (upon).
 * 13) * 1879,, Principles of Sociology Volume II – Part IV: Ceremonial Institutions
 * Primitive mendo not make laws, they fall into customs.
 * 1)  To begin with haste, ardour, or vehemence; to rush or hurry.
 * 2) * 1881,
 * They now no longer doubted, but fell to work heart and soul.
 * 1)  To be dropped or uttered carelessly.
 * 2)  To hang down under the influence of gravity.
 * 3)  To visit; to go to a place.
 * We'll fall over to the club tonight.
 * 1)  To occur (on a certain day of the week, date, or similar); to happen.
 * 2)  To be allotted to; to arrive through chance, fate, or inheritance.
 * 3)  To diminish; to lessen or lower.
 * 4)  To bring forth.
 * 5)  To issue forth into life; to be brought forth; said of the young of certain animals.
 * 6)  To descend in character or reputation; to become degraded; to sink into vice, error, or sin.
 * 7)  To become ensnared or entrapped; to be worse off than before.
 * 8)  To assume a look of shame or disappointment; to become or appear dejected; said of the face.
 * 9)  To happen; to come to pass; to chance or light (upon).
 * 10) * 1879,, Principles of Sociology Volume II – Part IV: Ceremonial Institutions
 * Primitive mendo not make laws, they fall into customs.
 * 1)  To begin with haste, ardour, or vehemence; to rush or hurry.
 * 2) * 1881,
 * They now no longer doubted, but fell to work heart and soul.
 * 1)  To be dropped or uttered carelessly.
 * 2)  To hang down under the influence of gravity.
 * 3)  To visit; to go to a place.
 * We'll fall over to the club tonight.
 * 1)  To issue forth into life; to be brought forth; said of the young of certain animals.
 * 2)  To descend in character or reputation; to become degraded; to sink into vice, error, or sin.
 * 3)  To become ensnared or entrapped; to be worse off than before.
 * 4)  To assume a look of shame or disappointment; to become or appear dejected; said of the face.
 * 5)  To happen; to come to pass; to chance or light (upon).
 * 6) * 1879,, Principles of Sociology Volume II – Part IV: Ceremonial Institutions
 * Primitive mendo not make laws, they fall into customs.
 * 1)  To begin with haste, ardour, or vehemence; to rush or hurry.
 * 2) * 1881,
 * They now no longer doubted, but fell to work heart and soul.
 * 1)  To be dropped or uttered carelessly.
 * 2)  To hang down under the influence of gravity.
 * 3)  To visit; to go to a place.
 * We'll fall over to the club tonight.
 * 1) * 1879,, Principles of Sociology Volume II – Part IV: Ceremonial Institutions
 * Primitive mendo not make laws, they fall into customs.
 * 1)  To begin with haste, ardour, or vehemence; to rush or hurry.
 * 2) * 1881,
 * They now no longer doubted, but fell to work heart and soul.
 * 1)  To be dropped or uttered carelessly.
 * 2)  To hang down under the influence of gravity.
 * 3)  To visit; to go to a place.
 * We'll fall over to the club tonight.
 * 1)  To hang down under the influence of gravity.
 * 2)  To visit; to go to a place.
 * We'll fall over to the club tonight.
 * 1)  To visit; to go to a place.
 * We'll fall over to the club tonight.

Synonyms

 * , oneself, prostrate oneself
 * : be beaten by, be defeated by, be overthrown by, be smitten by, be vanquished by,
 * be the responsibility of, be up to
 * : dip, drop
 * : cut down, fell, knock down, knock over, strike down
 * be the responsibility of, be up to
 * : dip, drop
 * : cut down, fell, knock down, knock over, strike down
 * : cut down, fell, knock down, knock over, strike down
 * : cut down, fell, knock down, knock over, strike down

Antonyms

 * , up, rise
 * , pick oneself up,
 * : beat, defeat, overthrow, smite, vanquish
 * : rise

Noun

 * 1) The act of moving to a lower position under the effect of gravity.
 * 2) A reduction in quantity, pitch, etc.
 * 3)  The time of the year when the leaves typically fall from the trees; autumn; the season of the year between the autumnal equinox and the winter solstice.
 * 4) A loss of greatness or status.
 * 5) That which falls or cascades.
 * 6)  A crucial event or circumstance.
 * 7)  The action of a batsman being out.
 * 8)  A defect in the ice which causes stones thrown into an area to drift in a given direction.
 * 9)  An instance of a wrestler being pinned to the mat.
 * 10) A hairpiece for women consisting of long strands of hair on a woven backing, intended primarily to cover hair loss.
 * 11)  Blame or punishment for a failure or misdeed.
 * 12)  The part of the rope of a tackle to which the power is applied in hoisting (usu. plural).
 * 13) An old Scots unit of measure equal to six ells.
 * 14) A short, flexible piece of leather forming part of a bullwhip, placed between the thong and the cracker.
 * 15) The lid, on a piano, that covers the keyboard.
 * 1)  Blame or punishment for a failure or misdeed.
 * 2)  The part of the rope of a tackle to which the power is applied in hoisting (usu. plural).
 * 3) An old Scots unit of measure equal to six ells.
 * 4) A short, flexible piece of leather forming part of a bullwhip, placed between the thong and the cracker.
 * 5) The lid, on a piano, that covers the keyboard.
 * 1) An old Scots unit of measure equal to six ells.
 * 2) A short, flexible piece of leather forming part of a bullwhip, placed between the thong and the cracker.
 * 3) The lid, on a piano, that covers the keyboard.
 * 1) The lid, on a piano, that covers the keyboard.

Usage notes
The phrase have a fall, as opposed to or, is typically reserved for older people for whom a fall is more likely to be a medical emergency. This phrase can be however considered patronising by those it is applied to.

Synonyms

 * , harvest,  back end
 * , harvest,  back end
 * , harvest,  back end

Etymology 2
Perhaps from the north-eastern Scottish pronunciation of.

Interjection

 * 1)  The cry given when a whale is sighted, or harpooned.

Noun

 * 1)  The chasing of a hunted whale.

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) fortune-telling

Adjective

 * 1) bad

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) cliff

Etymology
From, from. The grammatical sense is a calque of Latin.

Noun

 * 1) fall, drop
 * 2) case

Etymology
From, from. The grammatical sense is a calque of Latin.

Noun

 * , drop
 * 1)  case
 * 2)  function; subprogram, usually with formal parameters, returning a data value when called

Noun

 * a
 * 1) case

Related terms

 * (verb)

Noun

 * a
 * 1) case

Etymology
From. Cognate to 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) neglect

Etymology
From, from. The grammatical sense is a calque of Latin.

Noun

 * 1) a
 * 2) a fall, loss of greatness or wealth, a bankruptcy
 * 3) a slope, a waterfall, the height of a slope or waterfall
 * 4) a (legal) case
 * 1) a (legal) case
 * 1) a (legal) case
 * 1) a (legal) case

title: fall


text: Appendix:Slavic Swadesh lists

title: Appendix:Slavic Swadesh lists


text:
finish

Etymology
From, , , from , stem of some of the conjugated forms of , from , present active infinitive of , from , possibly from or from.

Noun

 * 1) An end; the end of anything.
 * 2) A protective coating given to wood or metal and other surfaces.
 * 3) The result of any process changing the physical or chemical properties of cloth.
 * 4) A finishing touch; careful elaboration; polish.
 * 5)  A shot on goal, especially one that ends in a goal.
 * 1) A finishing touch; careful elaboration; polish.
 * 2)  A shot on goal, especially one that ends in a goal.

Translations

 * Armenian:, ,
 * Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܦܵܪܹܩ, ܚܵܠܹܨ
 * Azerbaijani: ,
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:, ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: slutning
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Georgian: დასასრული
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: סִיּוּם
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Interlingua: fin, termination
 * Italian:, , , ,
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:, ,
 * Latin: ,
 * Latvian: beigas
 * Malayalam:
 * Norwegian:, slutt
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: tapusin
 * Tibetan: མཐའ
 * Turkish:
 * Vietnamese:
 * Volapük:, finük
 * Welsh:

 * Danish: finish
 * Finnish: pintakäsittely
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hebrew: גִּמּוּר
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian: finitura,
 * Norwegian: toppstrøk, finish
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tibetan: བཀྲག་རྩི

 * Polish: apretura

Verb

 * 1)  To complete (something).
 * 2)  To apply a treatment to.
 * 3)  To change an animal's food supply in the months before it is due for slaughter, with the intention of fattening the animal.
 * 4)  To come to an end.
 * 5)  To put an end to; to destroy.
 * These rumours could finish your career.
 * 1)  To reach orgasm.
 * 1)  To change an animal's food supply in the months before it is due for slaughter, with the intention of fattening the animal.
 * 2)  To come to an end.
 * 3)  To put an end to; to destroy.
 * These rumours could finish your career.
 * 1)  To reach orgasm.
 * These rumours could finish your career.
 * 1)  To reach orgasm.

Usage notes

 * This is a catenative verb that takes the gerund (the form). See Appendix:English catenative verbs.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: فَرَغَ, أَنْهَى, ,
 * Algerian Arabic: فض, كمل
 * Hijazi Arabic: خَلَّص, كَمَّل, غَلَّق, انتهى
 * Moroccan Arabic: كمّل
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Basque: bukatu
 * Belarusian: зака́нчваць, канча́ць, ско́нчыць
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:, ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish:, fuldføre, , gøre færdig
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: fini
 * Estonian: lõpetama
 * Finnish: tehdä loppuun; sanoa loppuun
 * French: ,
 * Friulian: finî
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: გათავება, დასრულება
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌽
 * Greek: ,
 * Ancient: περαίνω, τελέω
 * Haitian Creole: fini
 * Hebrew: סיים,
 * Hiligaynon: aban
 * Hindi: अंत करना, ख़त्म करना
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Icelandic: enda, fullgera
 * Interlingua: finir, terminar
 * Irish: críochnaigh
 * Italian:, , , portare a compimento,
 * Japanese:, , , 全う
 * Kabuverdianu: kaba
 * Kabyle: fakk, kfu
 * Kaurna: malariappendi
 * Kazakh: аяқтау, бітіру
 * Khmer: ,
 * Korean:, , ,
 * Kyrgyz: ,
 * Ladino: eskapar, iskapar, bitirear, akavar
 * Lao: ລົງທ້າຽ, ສຳເຣັດ, ເສັດ, ແລ້ວ, ເຫມິດ
 * Latin: ,
 * Latvian: beigt, pabeigt
 * Lithuanian:
 * Lü: ᦵᦙᧃᧉᦷᦙᧇ, ᧟ᦵᦔᧈ
 * Macedonian: завршува, заврши
 * Malay:, , habis
 * Malayalam: ,
 * Mauritian Creole: fini
 * Mongolian:
 * Neapolitan: fernì
 * Norman: finni
 * Norwegian: fullføre,
 * Occitan:, ,
 * Old English: endian
 * Persian:
 * Polish:, , ,
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, , , ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: crìochnaich
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: заврша́вати,
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovak: dokončiť, skončiť
 * Slovene: končevati,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:, , gå i mål,
 * Tajik:
 * Telugu: ,
 * Thai:, , ,
 * Tibetan: ཚར, རྫོགས, སྒྲུབ
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: soňlamak
 * Ukrainian: закі́нчувати,, кінча́ти, скі́нчити
 * Urdu: ختم کرنا
 * Uzbek:, , tamom qilmoq
 * Vietnamese:, , làm xong,
 * Volapük:, ,
 * Walloon: ,
 * Welsh:
 * Yiddish: ענדיקן
 * ǃXóõ: ǁkxʻāã

 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Hebrew:
 * Italian:
 * Latin:
 * Polish: apreturować
 * Portuguese:, rematar

 * Arabic:
 * Moroccan Arabic: سالى, كمل, تكمّل
 * Azerbaijani: bitmək,, sona çatmaq
 * Bulgarian:, финиширам
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: slutte
 * Dutch:, , gedaan zijn
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Georgian:
 * German: ,
 * Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽, 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽
 * Greek:
 * Haitian Creole: fini
 * Hiligaynon: aban
 * Hindi: ख़त्म होना
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Kabuverdianu: kaba
 * Lao: ໝົດ
 * Latin:, finem habeo, terminor, finior
 * Malayalam: പൂർത്തിയാവുക, ,
 * Norman: finni
 * Norwegian:
 * Occitan:, ,
 * Old English: endian
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish:, , , acabarse, terminarse
 * Swedish:
 * Telugu: అంతమవు, పూర్తవు
 * Thai:
 * Tibetan: རྫོགས
 * Turkish:
 * Urdu: ختم ہونا
 * Vietnamese:
 * Walloon:, esse tot fwait, esse foû, esse houte, esse fini
 * Welsh:

 * Hebrew: שם סוף,, חיסל
 * Tibetan: མཐར་བྱེད, རྩ་མེད་བཟོ

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  fine-tuning, finishing touch
 * 2)  a spectacular end in a race or a competition

Etymology 1
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) ; end

title: finish


text:
Appendix talk:Slavic Swadesh lists

Could I recommend a romanized alphabet to be added to the Russian and a pronunciation key to be added for the transliteration systems of the others? - Brettz9 13:07 Apr 13, 2003 (UTC)
 * I think romanization and pronunciation key can be given for every word on the respective entry pages. Youandme 20:31 Apr 13, 2003 (UTC)

Russian for "person"
I have never heard the word "особа" used for "person" - it ought to be "лицо". "Особый" means "special" and is definitely close in meaning.

 * There definitely is the noun "особа" with precisely this meaning. It is a bit dated but still in use. For example, "особа государя императора". 85.140.42.179 19:45, 8 February 2008 (UTC)

 * As a native Russian speaker, I do confirm that "особа" is an accurate translation for "person", and it is used in modern Russian. Though it does not mean "face", it is used in exactly same contexts as "person" in English. The root meaning of "особый", "особа", "особенный", "обособленный" is basically of something or somebody that is lone, standing out. Compare also "себя", "себе" - which essentially means "oneself". A synonymous word is "личность", which also translates as "personality". "Лицо" indeed has the meaning of "person" only in some specific cases, e.g. in linguistics or in procedural terminology.

 * Yes, both Proto-Slavic and Proto-Slavic  are Common Slavic words, with respective meanings of "person", "face, cheek". *osoba indeed evolved from preposition *ob ("about") + reflexive pronoun *sebe. Funny thing that from Russian source the meaning of "lice" as a grammatical person ended up in Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian.. Figurative meaning of *lice as a "person" is even recored in Old Church Slavonic! However, this list is not a list of cognates (see Appendix:List of Proto-Slavic nouns and others in that category for that - please contribute!), but the list of the most commonly used terms. If the meaning of особа as a  is indeed so rare that some native speakers wouldn't recognize it, it might be a good idea not to mention it.. --Ivan Štambuk 01:48, 9 February 2008 (UTC)

Russian for "skin (of a person)"
The list incorrectly has "шкура" in addition to the correct translation "кожа". Humans have "кожа", animals have "шкура". The latter is applied to humans only in sarcastic sense.

Serbo-Croatian
This column should be split since standard Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian differ in quite a few entries. It's not just yat reflexes (standard Croatian is based on ijekavian dialect) - entries such as 'tačan', 'suv', 'ko' etc. follow morphological rules of standard Serbian (in Croatian it is "točan", "suh", "tko"..).

On the other hand, adding two more columns could disfigure article's appearance, as Swadesh template clearly suggests, so I'll linger in silence until someone makes the brave move. --Ivan Štambuk 13:20, 5 October 2007 (UTC)

 * I completely agree on both points. The three languages should be listed separately, however the partition of the table to create more columns would disfigure the page considerably.  Plus, the section also lacks Cyrillic spellings (which would most likely require a separate column).  Until some other resolution is presented, it should not be messed with for now.  Ivan, if you want, do add the Croatian standards somewhere in there.  As a temporary solution, I think it might be OK to separate the yat reflexes and different standards with semicolons.  --Dijan 01:10, 6 October 2007 (UTC)

 * You should make a separate Swadesh list just for the Western South Slavic languages. I would include in it Standard forms of Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Montenegrin, Bunjevac, and Slovenian. Possibly Torlakian, but this one almost does not fit the description. Or you could include Bulgarian and Macedonian and then it would be "South Slavic", not just Western South Slavic. —Stephen 09:39, 6 October 2007 (UTC)

I've tweaked table layout a bit so that the addition of two new columns doesn't distort article's general appearance. I think it would really be a shame to split entries into separate tables for East, West and South Slavic languages, as it would defeat the purpose of making such a list in the first place - a common view of cognates in the languages of the same family. If necessary, table can grow to the right beyond the window margin with the horizontal scrollbar at the botom.

I've also put all adjectives into indefinite (gender-agnostic) form, and added synonyms for (un)commonly used Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian words of Proto-Slavic origin. --Ivan Štambuk 18:09, 7 October 2007 (UTC)

Languages lacking infinitive
For most of the languages in this list, infinitive form of the verb is used. But there are no infinitive in Bulgarian and Macedonian. The Bulgarian column uses 1st person, but Macedonian column uses 3rd person. In many cases this gives the false impression that the two languages use different words. For example пия/пие, ям/яде, смея(се)/смее(се), зная/знам/знае, мисля/мисли, живея/живее, умирам/умира and so on. Is there a valid reason to use 1st person in Bulgarian, but 3rd person in Macedonian? Should we change both to 1st/3rd person, no matter which one we choose? --Sharkb 20:35, 17 July 2008 (UTC)

 * The only reason that Macedonian sometimes choses the 3rd person is because that is what the Hungarians do. Macedonian dictionaries also commonly use the 1st-person just like Bulgarian. Change to 1st person. —Stephen 22:31, 17 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Actually, Macedonian 3rd person is used as a substitute for the infinitive, since that is absent. Change the Bulgarian to third person.

 * You do not seem to understand what we are saying. We are not talking about the infinitive, we are talking about the lemma (citation form). In Bulgarian, it is far more common to use the 1st person as the lemma, and that is the standard that we have adopted for Bulgarian here in the English Wiktionary. That will not change. The only question is whether to use the 1st person also for Macedonian, as many Macedonian dictionaries do, or to use the 3rd person like Hungarian and some other Macedonian dictionaries. Since we will continue to use the 1st person for Bulgarian, we should also use the 1st person for Macedonian (especially here in a Swadesh list, which attempts to directly compare and contrast Bulgarian and Macedonian). —Stephen 23:28, 30 September 2008 (UTC)

 * Actually it aims to directly compare and contrast all the Slavic languages. It makes it needlessly hard with a 1st-person lemma for 2 languages and the infinitive for the rest (as opposed to 3rd-person for the two, which is closer to the infinitive and other lemmas, therefore slightly better).
 * No it doesn't. This list should contain lemma forms with the most common translations of the English terms on the left. There are other appendices for comparison of cognates in Slavic languages. --Ivan Štambuk 11:26, 17 February 2009 (UTC)

Order of languages
Is there a way of ordering the language columns based on their subgroups: West, East and South? That way we could see the similarities between the languages in the subgroups, as well as the evolution of the slavic languages as they travelled eastward. Maestroukr 16:50, 8 February 2009 (UTC)

 * You would have to change the order of the columns. That means reordering all the languages under each numbered term, from #1 to #207. —Stephen 17:28, 8 February 2009 (UTC)

 * Eastward?

 * I can use a grep search 'n' replace to reorder the columns relatively painlessly (but what is all the “c=xx” business?). We just have to choose the order. —Michael Z. 2009-03-11 05:27 z

 * I assume it means "cell=languagename". As for order, I would put west to east (left to right: cu, sl, bs, hr, sr, bg, mk, cs, sk, pl, hsb, dsb, be, ru, uk). —Stephen 19:40, 12 March 2009 (UTC)

Adjectives or Adverbs
Oftenly south slavic words are given as adverbs, and eastern as adjectives, for exmaple in serbian it’s writted широк and in russian широкий, serbian is adverb and russian is adjective, if use only adjectvies it’ll eb широки and широкий, or if adverbs it’s be широк and широк. So it must be standartised somehow. Tat1642 19:28, 24 November 2009 (UTC)

 * They are all adjectives, not adverbs. Anatoli 02:33, 25 November 2009 (UTC)

 * I have reversed your edit - only long (full) form of adjectives are used in the list. Short adjectives, like "краток" have a more limited usage than "краткий". --Anatoli 02:37, 25 November 2009 (UTC)
 * But in sebrocroatian it's writted Кратак (adverb), not Кратки (adjective) as it must be. Tat1642 11:06, 25 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Точно также широк, велик и прочие Tat1642 11:09, 25 November 2009 (UTC)

 * kratak is the standard lemma form of that word in Serbo-Croatian (indefinite positive masculine). kratki, on the other hand, is the definite positive masculine. See the Wiktionary entry: /. We lemmatize languages on Wiktionary according to the most widespread norm. --Ivan Štambuk 11:41, 25 November 2009 (UTC)

 * Ivan, you forgot to confirm that these are adjectives. In Russian, "краток" is also an adjective but the short form. Russian adjectives don't differ in definite/indefinite but long (full)/short forms. The long form is the standard lemma for Russian adjectives. Tat1642, please don't change the list, if you are not sure, you can always ask. --Anatoli 18:59, 25 November 2009 (UTC)

Proto-Slavic words
I'm not sure what the "traditions" in presenting Swadesh lists here are, but having reconstructed Proto-Slavic words for comparison would be really great! Oleksiy.golubov (talk) 22:22, 22 August 2013 (UTC)

Redicule!!!
I want to ask why Moderators are allowed to list Swadesh degenerates. Because of this, it turns out that the Polish language is the language of East Slavic, and later separated from the OES language than the Belarusian !!!!! And then people read these lists and claim Belarusian language, Ukrainian language, Polish language are the dialects of Russian language !!!! I demand block all those people who abused Swadesh list! Švarn Lvovič (talk) 15:32, 1 June 2016 (UTC)
 * This list never claims that Polish is East Slavic, or that Belarusian and Ukrainian (or for that matter Polish) are dialects of Russian. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 15:57, 1 June 2016 (UTC)
 * , you can always edit entries. I guess you mean someone in internet shows someone's Swadesh list to claim that Polish is dialet of Russian. Well, i also have seen other lists claiming that Russian is dialect of Polish or far from being Slavic. But i don't know why wrote your message here on wiktionary. —Игорь Тълкачь (talk) 20:52, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

Russian words
Big isn't translated "великий" in Russian, only "большой". Švarn Lvovič (talk) 07:58, 20 June 2016 (UTC)

The Big Slavic Dictionary
A new project from the slavic discord server: https://slavic.world

Individual Swadesh lists

 * re : I still think it's useful to have that list, though perhaps not so conspicuously. At least people will think of adding new words or corrections to both places (it shouldn't work like that, and I hope we'll one day have the means to invoke individual Swadesh lists in comparative Appendices, but in the meantime...). --Per utramque cavernam (talk) 10:48, 19 December 2017 (UTC)

Pan / pani / państwo etc. is =/= you
What's even the purpose of writing the Polish pan/pani ("sir, mr") polite forms as equal to "you"? So why not to put the same exact Czech and Ukrainian "pan" or Russian "gospodin"? Is the Enlish sir = you?

Let's take a normal Polish phrase "Zobaczyłem tego pana, gdy kupował warzywa" - "I saw this sir as he was buying groceries". I think it's pretty clear that with a meaning of "you" it would make no sense. Have a nice day. Asank neo (talk) 07:23, 5 October 2022 (UTC)

 * Polish is unique on this. Although pan / pani / państwo has equivalents in other Slavic languages in the sense "Sir/Madam/Ladies and Gentlemen", it is also used as the equivalent of e.g. Russian  or Czech . Modern Polish  has no politeness in it, it's just a plural form of . So, you can use it to address friends or children.
 * More context:
 * The phrase "Do you speak English?" is translated into Polish as "Czy pan mówi po angielsku?" - this is a polite form of addressing a man. "Czy mówisz po angielsku?" is informal and "Czy mówicie po angielsku?" means "Do you guys speak English?", also informal but plural.
 * In contrast to e.g. Russian, has two usages. It is 1. polite (formal), 2. it can be used to address a group of people (as Polish "wy"). I hope it helps.
 * A better place to discuss this is WT:TR. Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 07:36, 5 October 2022 (UTC)
 * If Polish is your first language but you're less familiar with other Slavic languages, anything like "Czy pan mówi po angielsku?" is not normally used in other Slavic languages. Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 07:44, 5 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Sorry for the late reply, still not accustomed with this wiktionary notification system. I know that Polish has an unique way of expressing politeness, but my point is that the Swadesh list here has a different purpose, imho.  As we can see in "you" you can see clearly the 2PL mark, not "Polite" or something similar.  The purpose of Swadesh list is to compare linguistic similarities. If we put pan, panowie, panie, państwo in that way it could create confusion, especially without any additional markings, and make other Slavs think, that Poles say sth like "*Pan chodzicie często do kina" which in Russian would be something "*Господин часто ходите в кино." which is obviously wrong. See for example the Romance Swadesh list. Following that reasoning the Italian language should have also the form "lei" (she) in the "you" section as they use it as a polite way, for all sexes. For some reason it's not there. Imagine yourself seeing this form while not knowing anything about Ialian. Asank neo (talk) 15:35, 22 June 2024 (UTC)
 * Also the striking incoherence of this reasoning is clearly visible in the 2SG. Why the Polish language only has the polite form "pan, pani" there? Why not to add "vy/vi/vije" in all the other languages, as it's the polite form used? Asank neo (talk) 15:43, 22 June 2024 (UTC)
 * It can be used as a psuedo-second person pronoun. It makes sense. The English you presented above is very unnatural. Vininn126 (talk) 16:11, 22 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Appendix talk:Slavic Swadesh lists


text:
pristine

Etymology 1
From, borrowed from.

Adjective

 * 1) Unspoiled; still with its original purity; uncorrupted or unsullied.
 * 2) Primitive, pertaining to the earliest state of something.
 * 3) Perfect.
 * 1) Primitive, pertaining to the earliest state of something.
 * 2) Perfect.
 * 1) Perfect.

Translations

 * Azerbaijani: ,
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:, , pristí
 * Czech:, nezkažený, , neposkvrněný,
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Esperanto: antaua,
 * Finnish:, , turmeltumaton
 * French:, ,
 * Galician:
 * German:, ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Icelandic: óspilltur, ósnortinn, óskemmdur
 * Interlingua: pristine
 * Italian:, , ,
 * Maori: tikitū, toitū, urutapu
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:, ufordervet, jomfruelig
 * Polish: dziewiczy, nietknięty, nieskażony
 * Portuguese:, pristino,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: glan
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish: ofördärvad,
 * Turkish:
 * Welsh: ,

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan: pristí
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: prapůvodní,, prvotní
 * French:, ,
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Icelandic: ,
 * Irish: cianaosta
 * Latin: pristinus
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:, opphavelig
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish:

Etymology 2
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to sawfishes of the family.
 * 2) * 2008, J.M. Whitty, N.M. Phillips, D.L. Morgan, J.A. Chaplin, D.C. Thorburn & S.C. Peverell, Habitat associations of Freshwater Sawfish (Pristis microdon)and Northern River Sharks (Glyphis sp. C): including genetic analysis of P. microdon across northern Australia
 * This indicates that the present levels of genetic diversity in P. microdon are not unusually low, although the amount of diversity to be expected in pristine populations of coastal species of elasmobranch remains elusive because all populations investigated to date have suffered some degree of decline (e.g. Sandoval-Castillo et al. 2004, Keeney et al. 2005, Hoelzel et al. 2006, Stow et al. 2006, Lewallen et al. 2007).

title: pristine


text:
raccoon

English

Etymology
From (1608), from, from.

Noun

 * 1) An omnivorous, nocturnal mammal native to North America, typically with a mixture of gray, brown, and black fur, a mask-like marking around the eyes and a striped tail;.
 * 2) Any mammal of the genus Procyon.
 * 3) Any mammal of the subfamily, a procyonine.
 * 4) Any mammal of the family, a procyonid.
 * 5)  Any mammal superficially resembling a raccoon, such as a raccoon dog.
 * 1) Any mammal of the subfamily, a procyonine.
 * 2) Any mammal of the family, a procyonid.
 * 3)  Any mammal superficially resembling a raccoon, such as a raccoon dog.

Synonyms

 * ,, , northern raccoon, trash panda

Translations

 * Afrikaans: wasbeer, wasbeertjie
 * Amharic: ሩኖ
 * Apache:
 * Western Apache: tulį
 * Arabic: رَاكُون
 * Armenian:, ջրարջ սովորական
 * Aymara: jaguachini
 * Azerbaijani: ,
 * Basque: mapatxe
 * Belarusian: яно́т
 * Bulgarian:, миеща мечка
 * Burmese: ရက်ကွန်းဝံ
 * Catalan: os rentador
 * Catawba: tcigne
 * Cayuga: saːnoːʼ
 * Central Sierra Miwok: pátkajy-
 * Cherokee: ᎬᎵ, ᎬᏟ
 * Cheyenne: matšėškōme
 * Chickasaw: shawi
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 浣熊
 * Mandarin:
 * Choctaw: shaui
 * Chol: 'ejmech
 * Cocopa: nymaṣ
 * Creek: wotko
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: lav-urso, prociono
 * Estonian:
 * Faroese: tváttarbjørn
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: raton laveur commun, ,  ,  ,
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ენოტი
 * German: ,
 * Pennsylvania German: Ragguune
 * Greek:
 * Hawaiian: lakuna
 * Hebrew: ,
 * Hindi: रैकून
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: þvottabjörn
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian: rakun
 * Irish: racún
 * Italian:, orsetto lavatore
 * Japanese: ,
 * K'iche': kʼas
 * Kansa: mikká
 * Kazakh: жанат
 * Klamath-Modoc: wacgin'a
 * Koasati: sawi
 * Korean: ^아메리카너구리,
 * Kumyk: хас
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: ڕاکوون
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Lakota: wičhítegleǧa, wičhá
 * Lao: ໜູລ້າງນ້ຳ, ໝີລ້າງນ້ຳ, ແລກຄູນ
 * Latvian: jenots
 * Lithuanian: meškėnas
 * Louisiana Creole French: shawi
 * Lutshootseed: bəlúps
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Macedonian: раку́н
 * Malay: rakun
 * Mi'kmaq: amaljugwej, amaljigwej
 * Miskito: suksuk
 * Mohawk: atí:ron
 * Montana Salish: mhuyeʔ
 * Munsee: é·span
 * Navajo: tábąąh mąʼii
 * Nez Perce: k'ayk'áyoc
 * Norwegian: vaskebjørn
 * Occitan:
 * Ojibwe: ᐁᐦᓯᐸᓐ
 * Osage: mį́hkaa
 * Pawnee: icat
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: guaxinim
 * Powhatan: ärähkun
 * Quechua: chincha mayuatu
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: mathan-nighe
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ракун
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: mýval
 * Slovene:
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: šup
 * Upper Sorbian: šup
 * Southern Ohlone: SaSran
 * Spanish:, , zorra manglera, gato manglatero
 * Squamish: mélalus
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: mapatse
 * Thai: แร็กคูน
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: ýanot
 * Ukrainian: єно́т
 * Unami: nahënëm
 * Uzbek: rakun
 * Vietnamese:, gấu trúc Mỹ
 * Volapük: räkun
 * Welsh: racŵn
 * Wintu: qarilit
 * Yiddish: שאָפּ, יענאָט
 * Yucatec Maya: kʼuluʼ

 * Arabic:
 * Armenian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Esperanto: prociono
 * Finnish:
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:

 * Arabic:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Esperanto: procioneno
 * Finnish: supimainen
 * French: procyoniné
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:

 * Arabic:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish: puolikarhu
 * French:
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:

title: raccoon


text:
epitaph

Etymology
, from, from , from +.

Noun

 * 1) An inscription on a gravestone in memory of the deceased.
 * 2) A poem or other short text written in memory of a deceased person.
 * 1) A poem or other short text written in memory of a deceased person.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: epitaaf
 * Armenian:, , ,
 * Azerbaijani: epitafiya
 * Belarusian: эпітафія, надмагільны надпіс, магільны надпіс
 * Bulgarian: надгробен надпис
 * Catalan: epitafi
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech: epitaf,
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: tomboskribo
 * Estonian: hauakiri
 * Finnish:, epitafi
 * French:
 * Georgian: ეპიტაფია
 * German: ;
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:
 * Interlingua: epitaphio
 * Irish: feartlaoi
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: エピタフ,
 * Kazakh: құлпытастағы жазу, эпитафия
 * Korean:, , 에피타프
 * Latin: titulus, epitaphium
 * Malay: epitaf
 * Persian: مزارنوشته, گورنوشته
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, надгро́бная на́дпись
 * Scottish Gaelic: leac-sgrìobhadh
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Ukrainian: епіта́фія, намоги́льний на́пис
 * Uzbek: epitafiya
 * Vietnamese: văn bia

 * Belarusian: эпітафія
 * Finnish:, muistoruno, epitafi
 * German:, Gedenkschrift;  , Gedenkgedicht, Trauergedicht
 * Icelandic: ,
 * Irish: feartlaoi
 * Italian:, discorso funebre
 * Polish:
 * Russian:

Verb

 * 1)  To write or speak after the manner of an epitaph.
 * 2)  To commemorate by an epitaph.
 * 1)  To commemorate by an epitaph.

title: epitaph


text:
zebra mongoose

Noun

 * 1)  A banded mongoose.

title: zebra mongoose


text:
dear

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1)  High in price; expensive.
 * 2) * 1902, Briquettes as Fuel in Foreign Countries (report of the United States Bureau of Foreign Commerce):
 * This water is sold for 50 cents per ton, which is not dear under the circumstances.
 * 1) Loved; lovable.
 * 2) Lovely; kind.
 * 3) Loving, affectionate, heartfelt
 * 4) Precious to or greatly valued by someone.
 * 5)  Noble.
 * 1) Lovely; kind.
 * 2) Loving, affectionate, heartfelt
 * 3) Precious to or greatly valued by someone.
 * 4)  Noble.
 * 1) Loving, affectionate, heartfelt
 * 2) Precious to or greatly valued by someone.
 * 3)  Noble.
 * 1)  Noble.
 * 1)  Noble.
 * 1)  Noble.
 * 1)  Noble.
 * 1)  Noble.
 * 1)  Noble.
 * 1)  Noble.
 * 1)  Noble.
 * 1)  Noble.
 * 1)  Noble.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: geliefde
 * Aklanon: mahae
 * Arabic:
 * Armenian: ,
 * Assamese: মৰমৰ
 * Belarusian: лю́бы, дарагі́, мі́лы
 * Bulgarian:, ,
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: ,
 * Dalmatian: cur, cuora, cuor
 * Danish: kære
 * Dutch: (teer),, , ,
 * Esperanto: kara, aminda
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Friulian: cjâr, čhâr
 * German:
 * Alemannic German: lieb
 * Gothic: 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐍆𐍃
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: φίλος
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: ,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Irish: ionúin, dil, dílis
 * Istriot: caro
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: خۆشەویست
 * Latin:
 * Latvian: dārgs, mīļš
 * Lithuanian:, mielas,
 * Lombard:
 * Macedonian: драг, мил
 * Mongolian:
 * Nepali: प्रिय
 * Norwegian:
 * Occitan:, estimat
 * Old Church Slavonic: любъ, драгъ
 * Old English: lēof, dīere
 * Pashto: ګران
 * Persian:, ,
 * Plautdietsch: leef
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: ionmhainn
 * Shor: қайран
 * Slovak: drahý, milý
 * Slovene:
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: luby
 * Spanish:
 * Sranan Tongo: lobi, switi
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog:
 * Tocharian B: laraṣke, lāre
 * Turkish: ,
 * Tuvan: эргим
 * Ukrainian:, ми́лий, лю́бий
 * Urdu: پیارا,
 * Venetian: caro
 * Vietnamese:, ,
 * Volapük:
 * Walloon:
 * Welsh:

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * Greek:
 * Latvian: mīļš
 * Norwegian:
 * Pashto: ګران
 * Scottish Gaelic: ionmhainn
 * Spanish: ,

 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: dyrebar
 * Dutch:, , , , ,
 * Finnish:, , ,
 * French:
 * German:
 * Alemannic German: tüür
 * Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐍂𐍃
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: ionúin, dil, dílis
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: ئازیز
 * Nepali: प्रिय
 * Old Church Slavonic: любъ
 * Old English: dīere
 * Pashto: ګران
 * Plautdietsch: dia, leef
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Sanskrit:
 * Scottish Gaelic: ionmhainn
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Welsh:

 * Afrikaans:
 * Arabic:
 * Armenian:, ,
 * Azerbaijani: ,
 * Belarusian: дарагі́, шано́ўны, паважа́ны
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish: kære
 * Dutch:, , , ,
 * Faroese: kærur,
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * German: sehr geehrter/sehr geehrte
 * Greek: ,
 * Hindi:, ,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Irish: a chara, a chairde
 * Japanese:,  親愛なる,
 * Khmer: ជូនចំពោះ
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: بەڕێز
 * Latvian: cienītais
 * Lithuanian: gerbiamas
 * Macedonian: мил, драг
 * Mongolian:, , эрхэм хүндэт
 * Norwegian: ærede
 * Pashto: ګران
 * Persian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian: stimate
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian: поштовани,
 * Slovak: drahý, vážený
 * Slovene: dragi
 * Spanish:
 * Sranan Tongo: lespeki
 * Swedish:
 * Tamil: அன்புக்குரிய
 * Telugu:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: ,
 * Urdu:
 * Vietnamese: kính thưa,
 * Walloon: ,
 * Welsh:

 * Arabic:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Irish: a chara, a chairde
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 親愛なる,
 * Norwegian:
 * Pashto: ګران
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Sranan Tongo: lobi
 * Tamil: அன்பே
 * Turkish:
 * Welsh:

 * Afrikaans:
 * Armenian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Finnish:, , ,
 * French:
 * German: Lieber
 * Hindi:, ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Japanese: 親愛なる
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: گیان
 * Navajo: aháláaneʼ
 * Pashto: ګران
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Slovene: dragi
 * Spanish: señor mío, señora mía, ,
 * Thai:
 * Vietnamese: ,

 * Dutch: (mijn)
 * Finnish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Spanish: amigo mío, amiga mía
 * ,, compa mío, maestro mío

 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian:
 * Guaraní:
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Interlingua:
 * Italian:
 * Norwegian: ,
 * Old English: (1)
 * Serbo-Croatian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:, ,

Noun

 * 1) A very kind, loving person.
 * 2) A beloved person.
 * 3) An affectionate, familiar term of address, such as used between husband and wife.
 * 4) An elderly person, especially a woman.
 * 1) An elderly person, especially a woman.
 * 1) An elderly person, especially a woman.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:, възлюбен
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * German:, Liebste, Liebster, Teuerste, Teuerster
 * Hungarian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: драги, драга, мила
 * Latin:, ,
 * Ukrainian:

Verb

 * 1)  To endear.

Adverb

 * 1) Dearly; at a high price.

Etymology 2
From, from , , from. Cognate with the above.

Adjective

 * 1) Severe, or severely affected; sore.
 * 2)  Fierce.

Verb

 * 1) to draw (design)

Etymology
From, from , from.

title: dear


text:
deer

Etymology
From, , , , , from , from , from , from , from , full-grade derivative of.

Cognate with 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, , 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Related also to 🇨🇬 (possibly), 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

For the semantic development compare 🇨🇬, from.

Noun

 * 1) A ruminant mammal with antlers and hooves of the family, or one of several similar animals from related families of the order.
 * 2)  One of the smaller animals of this family, distinguished from a moose or elk
 * 3) The meat of such an animal; venison.
 * 4)  Any animal, especially a quadrupedal mammal as opposed to a bird, fish, etc.
 * 1)  Any animal, especially a quadrupedal mammal as opposed to a bird, fish, etc.
 * 1)  Any animal, especially a quadrupedal mammal as opposed to a bird, fish, etc.

Hypernyms

 * cervid

Hyponyms

 * , hart ; doe, hind ; fawn ;

Translations

 * Abenaki: nolka
 * Afrikaans:
 * Ainu: ユㇰ
 * Aklanon: usa
 * Albanian:, , ,
 * Algonquin: wàwàckèci
 * Apache:
 * Western Apache: bįįh
 * Arabic: أَيِّل
 * Armenian: ,
 * Aromanian: tserbu
 * Assamese: হৰিণা, হৰিণাপহু, হৰিণ
 * Asturian: ciervu,
 * Aymara: taruka
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bashkir: болан
 * Basque:
 * Bats: საგ
 * Bau Bidayuh: rusa
 * Beaver: yaatune
 * Belarusian: але́нь
 * Bengali:
 * Breton:
 * Brunei Malay: payau
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Buryat: оро
 * Catalan:
 * Cebuano: usa
 * Central Melanau: payau
 * Chechen: сай
 * Cherokee: ᎠᏫ
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Chukchi: ӄораӈы
 * Comanche: arʉka
 * Cornish: karow
 * Creek: eco
 * Czech: ,
 * Danish: hjort
 * Dupaningan Agta: ogsa
 * Dutch:
 * Egyptian: ,
 * Elfdalian: juort
 * Emilian:
 * Erzya: сёкань
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian: hirv
 * Even: оран
 * Evenki: орон
 * Ewe: zi
 * Faroese: hjørtur
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Middle French: cerf
 * Old French: cerf
 * Friulian: cierf, cierv
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ირემი
 * German:
 * Greek:, , ,
 * Ancient: ἔλαφος
 * Greenlandic: tuttorsuaq
 * Guaraní:
 * Haitian Creole: sèf
 * Hebrew:
 * Higaonon: saladung
 * Hiligaynon: usa
 * Hindi:, ,
 * Hixkaryana: koso
 * Hopi: sowiʼyngwa
 * Hungarian:
 * Iban: rusa, bajai
 * Icelandic: (krónhjörtur),
 * Indonesian:, ,
 * Ineseño: wɨ
 * Ingrian: oleni
 * Ingush: сай
 * Interlingua: cervo
 * Irish: fia, os, fiara
 * Old Irish: fíad
 * Italian:, , , , ,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Kannada:
 * Kaqchikel: masat
 * Kashaya: bihše
 * Kazakh: бұғы
 * Ket: сель
 * Khmer: ,
 * Kimaragang: tambang
 * Korean:
 * Koryak: ӄояӈа
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: ئاسک
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Ladin: cerf
 * Lao: ຟານ,
 * Latin:, cerva
 * Latvian: briedis
 * Ligurian: çervo
 * Lithuanian:, elnė
 * Lombard: cèrf
 * Low German:
 * German Low German: hirsch
 * Lutshootseed: sqigʷəc
 * Luxembourgish: Hirsch
 * Macedonian: елен
 * Malagasy: ,
 * Malay:, , , cewe angin
 * Malayalam:
 * Maltese: ċerf (ċerf l-aħmar), ċerv
 * Manchu: ᠪᡠᡥᡡ
 * Mansaka: osa
 * Manx: feeaih, feeaih
 * Mapudungun: wemül
 * Maranao: saladeng
 * Marathi:
 * Maricopa: qwaq
 * Mbyá Guaraní: guaxu
 * Mi'kmaq: lentug, lntug, lentuk
 * Mòcheno: hirsch
 * Mohegan-Pequot: noyuhc
 * Mon:
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Nahuatl:
 * Central: mazatl
 * Classical: mazatl
 * Highland Puebla: masat
 * Nanai: орон
 * Nanticoke: att-que, yow-cat
 * Navajo: bįįh
 * Northern Khanty: вўԓы
 * Northern Ohlone: já̄wi
 * Northern Sami: ruksesgoddi
 * Norwegian: ,
 * O'odham: sihki
 * Occitan:
 * Ojibwe: waawaashkeshi
 * Okinawan: 鹿
 * Old Church Slavonic: ѥлєнь
 * Old English: heorot
 * Old Tupi: sygûasu
 * Oroqen: kʊmaka, ponto
 * Ossetian: саг
 * Pali: miga
 * Pashto: سګه
 * Persian:, گاوکوهی
 * Piedmontese: serv
 * Pipil: masat, mazat
 * Plautdietsch: Ree, Hersch
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Quechua: taruka, taruca
 * Rajasthani:
 * Rayón Zoque: mʌꞌaj
 * Rohingya: hórin
 * Romagnol: zéruv, zérov
 * Romani: cherbo
 * Romanian:, ,
 * Romansch: tschierv
 * Russian:
 * Salar: buğu
 * Sanskrit: ,
 * Sardinian: crebu, crefu, cherbu, chervu
 * Scottish Gaelic:
 * Sebop: payau
 * Sekapan: payau
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: јѐлен, ко̀шута, ла̏не
 * Roman:, ,
 * Seychellois Creole: serf
 * Sicilian:
 * Slovak:, laň
 * Slovene: ,
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: jeleń
 * Southern Altai: ак кийик, кийик
 * Spanish: ,
 * Sranan Tongo: dia
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Sylheti: ꠅꠞꠤꠘ
 * Tagal Murut: tambang
 * Tagalog:
 * Tai Dam: ꪀꪫꪱꪉ
 * Tajik: гавазн
 * Tamil:
 * Taos: pę́na
 * Tatar:
 * Tausug: usa
 * Telugu:
 * Tepecano: swímar
 * Tetum: rusa
 * Thai:
 * Tibetan: ཤ་བ
 * Tocharian B: karse
 * Tundra Nenets: ты
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: sugun
 * Tuvan: иви
 * Udmurt: пужей
 * Ukrainian:
 * Unami: ahtu
 * Urdu: ہرن
 * Uyghur: بۇغا
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese: ,
 * Volapük:
 * Welsh:
 * West Coast Bajau: payou
 * West Frisian: hart
 * Western Bukidnon Manobo: selazeng
 * Yakut: таба
 * Yaqui: maaso
 * Yiddish: הירש
 * Yoruba: àgbọnrin
 * Zazaki: kosbes
 * Zhuang: maxloeg, duzgyog, duzlog

Alternative forms

 * (Wiesemann spelling system)

Etymology 1
From and. Compare 🇨🇬.

Pronoun

 * 1) you (plural)

Pronoun

 * 1) stressed dative of du.

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) pet
 * 2) beast, animal

Etymology
Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) horse

Etymology
From, , from. More at.

Adverb

 * 1) there

title: deer


text:
reindeer

Etymology
From, , , from , from +. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Related also to displaced 🇨🇬. Unrelated to rein or deer.

Noun

 * 1)  Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species, with a number of subspecies.
 * 2)  Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.
 * 1)  Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.
 * 1)  Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.
 * 1)  Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.

Translations

 * Ahtna: udzih
 * Ainu: トゥナッカィ
 * Albanian:
 * Aleut: itx̂aygix̂
 * Alutor: ӄураӈа
 * Arabic: رَنَة
 * Armenian:
 * Asturian:
 * Atikamekw: atikw
 * Azerbaijani: şimal maralı
 * Basque: elur-orein
 * Belarusian: паўно́чны але́нь
 * Breton: ,
 * Bulgarian: се́верен еле́н, кари́бу
 * Catalan:
 * Cherokee: ᏧᏴᏢ ᎠᏫ
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Chukchi: ӄораӈы
 * Cree: ᐊᑎᐦᒄ
 * Czech:
 * Danish: ,
 * Dutch:
 * Erzya: пучо
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian:, , karibu
 * Even: ора̇н, ора̇н
 * Evenki: орон, орон
 * Faroese: reindýr, reindjór, reinsdjór
 * Finnish:,  ,
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ჩრდილოეთის ირემი
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: τάρανδος
 * Greenlandic: tuttu
 * Hindi: रेनडियर
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido: ,
 * Indonesian:
 * Ingrian: pohjan oleni
 * Interlingua:
 * Inuktitut: ᑐᒃᑐ
 * Inupiaq: tuttu
 * Irish: réinfhia
 * Italian:
 * Itelmen: ӄора
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Ket: сель
 * Korean:
 * Latin:, tarandus
 * Latvian: ziemeļbriedis
 * Lithuanian: šiaurinis elnias
 * Lower Tanana: bedzeyh
 * Luxembourgish: Rendéier
 * Macedonian: ирвас
 * Malay:
 * Manchu: ᠣᡵᠣᠨ ᠪᡠᡥᡡ
 * Maori: renetia
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: цаа буга,
 * Nanai: оро̄н
 * Navajo: hakʼaz bįįh
 * Negidal: ойон
 * Northern Yukaghir: илэ
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: ,
 * Nynorsk: reinsdyr, rein
 * Ojibwe: adik
 * Old English: hrān
 * Old Norse: hreinn
 * Oroch: оро
 * Oroqen: ɔrɔn, ɔrɔn
 * Persian: گوزن شمالی
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:, rangífer,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Sami:
 * Inari: puásui, kodde
 * Kildin: пуаз
 * Lule: boatsoj
 * Northern: boazu
 * Skolt: puäʒʒ, kââʹreǩ, kåʹdd
 * Southern: bovtje, bovtse
 * Scottish Gaelic: fiadh Lochlannach, fiadh-sneachda
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: и̏рва̄с, со̏б, северни јелен, сјеверни јелен
 * Roman:, , severni jelen, sjeverni jelen
 * Slovak: sob
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:, rangífero, caribú
 * Swahili: kulungu aktiki, mbawala aktiki
 * Swedish:, rendjur
 * Tagalog: reno
 * Tanacross: wudzih
 * Thai: กวางเรนเดียร์, เรนเดียร์
 * Turkish:
 * Tuvan: иви
 * Udihe: оро, оло
 * Ukrainian: півні́чний оле́нь
 * Ulch: оро
 * Vietnamese:
 * Welsh: carw Llychlyn

Verb

 * 1) To herd or farm reindeer

title: reindeer


text:
anoa

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) Either of two related species of small Indonesian water buffalo similar in appearance to deer;  or.

Usage notes
The two species may constitute a subgenus of. See

Synonyms

 * ,, sapiutan

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 倭水牛
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: Anoa
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: anua
 * Japanese:, 山水牛
 * Malay: anoa
 * Portuguese: anoa
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: anoa
 * Swedish: anoa

Adverb

 * 1) again

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) anoa,

Etymology 1
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to plead, beg, ask, request, implore, entreat, petition, solicit
 * 2)  to apply for a post, job, etc.

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1) anoa, Bubalus depressicorni

Etymology
Possibly from via a  language.

Noun

 * 1) anoa a small Indonesian water buffalo

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) anoa a small Indonesian water buffalo

Noun

 * 1)  a small Indonesian water buffalo

Noun

 * 1)  a small Indonesian water buffalo

title: anoa


text:
zebra

Etymology
1600; borrowed from, from , , from , , , from earlier (882),  (897), from , from  (Pliny), from  +.

While the word was traditionally pronounced with a long vowel in the first syllable in standard English, during the twentieth century a vowel shift occurred in regions of England, with the shortening of the first vowel. This pronunciation is now used throughout the UK and most Commonwealth nations. The long-vowel pronunciation remains standard in Canadian and American English.

In reference to the black and white striped shirts they wear.

Noun

 * 1) Any of three species of subgenus : E. grevyi, E. quagga, or E. zebra, all with black and white stripes and native to Africa.
 * 2)  A referee.
 * 3)  An unlikely diagnosis, especially for symptoms probably caused by a common ailment. (Originates in the advice often given to medical students: "when you hear hoofbeats, think of horses, not zebras".)
 * 4)  Someone who has Ehlers-Danlos syndrome or hypermobility spectrum disorder
 * 5)  A biracial person, specifically one born to a Sub-Saharan African person and a white person.
 * 6)  A fish, the zebra cichlid.
 * 7) Any of various papilionid butterflies of the subgenus  of the genus Graphium, having black and white markings.
 * 8) A zebra crossing.
 * 1)  A fish, the zebra cichlid.
 * 2) Any of various papilionid butterflies of the subgenus  of the genus Graphium, having black and white markings.
 * 3) A zebra crossing.

Usage notes

 * The term zebra, as used in its pejorative sense, was popularized on the television situation comedy . The term was used by the series protagonist, George Jefferson (Sherman Hemsley), to express disdain for his daughter-in-law, Jenny Willis Jefferson, whose father was white and mother was black.

Hyponyms

 * Burchell's zebra,, quagga, plains zebra, mountain zebra

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) zebra

Etymology
, from,.

Etymology
Borrowed from, from , from , , from , , , from earlier (882),  (897), from , from  (Pliny), from  +.

Noun

 * 1) a ; any of three species of genus Equus: E. grevyi, E. quagga, or E. zebra, all with black and white stripes and native to Africa
 * 2) a pattern or motif similar to the stripes of a zebra
 * 3)  an animal with zebra-like stripes

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from , from , from +.

Etymology
Probably from, from

Etymology
Borrowed from, from , , , from earlier (882),  (897), from , from. The second sense is a shortening of.

Noun

 * 1) A zebra, a black-and-white striped equid of the genus Equus;,  or.
 * 2) A zebra crossing, a pedestrian crossing.

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) zebrine, hippotigrine

Noun

 * 1)  zebra animal
 * 2)   pedestrian crossing, crosswalk, zebra crossing

Noun

 * 1) zebra
 * 2) zebra walk

Noun

 * 1)  zebra crossing/crosswalk
 * 1)  zebra crossing/crosswalk

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) zebra

Noun

 * 1)  zebra

Etymology
Possibly ultimately from a Congolese name for the animal, via 🇨🇬, via some other European language. Possibly also ultimately from 🇨🇬, via Portuguese and/or Italian.

Noun

 * 1) zebra esp.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)   crosswalk, pedestrian crossing, zebra crossing
 * 2) black and white striped pattern
 * 1) black and white striped pattern
 * 1) black and white striped pattern

Etymology 1
From, from , , from , from , from +. Compare 🇨🇬.

Senses 2 and 3 of the word comes from the popular Brazilian betting game jogo do bicho, in which the animal is absent, therefore it is unlikely that a zebra will be drawn.

Noun

 * 1)  A victorious competitor initially thought unlikely to win, especially in sports; an underdog
 * 2)  an unexpected result in a competition
 * 3)  idiot, stupid
 * 4)  prison uniform
 * 5)  zebra crossing
 * 6)  vice, a bad habit
 * 7)  a type of lanky spinning top
 * 8)  curb line of flat curbstones on the corners of racing tracks
 * 9) zebra pattern
 * 10)  cow
 * 1)  a type of lanky spinning top
 * 2)  curb line of flat curbstones on the corners of racing tracks
 * 3) zebra pattern
 * 4)  cow

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) zebra

title: zebra


text:
ostrich

Etymology
From, , , , borrowed from and , from , from   + , from , or shortened from , from , from  +. Compare 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  A large flightless bird of the genus.
 * 2) The most widespread species of the genus, known as the common ostrich.
 * 3)  The rhea.
 * 4)  One who buries their head in the sand instead of acknowledging problems.
 * 5)  The hypothetical completion of a hole five strokes under par (a quintuple birdie, quadruple eagle, triple albatross, or double condor).
 * 1)  The rhea.
 * 2)  One who buries their head in the sand instead of acknowledging problems.
 * 3)  The hypothetical completion of a hole five strokes under par (a quintuple birdie, quadruple eagle, triple albatross, or double condor).
 * 1)  One who buries their head in the sand instead of acknowledging problems.
 * 2)  The hypothetical completion of a hole five strokes under par (a quintuple birdie, quadruple eagle, triple albatross, or double condor).

Translations

 * Abkhaz:
 * Adyghe: мэхъшэбзыу
 * Afar: goroyya
 * Afrikaans:
 * Aghwan:
 * Aklanon:
 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: نَعَامَة, ظَلِيم
 * Egyptian Arabic: نعام, نعامة (singulative)
 * Hijazi Arabic: نعامة
 * Aramaic:
 * Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܢܲܥܵܡܵܐ
 * Classical Syriac: ܢܲܥܵܡܵܐ
 * Armenian:
 * Middle Armenian: իշտրմուղ, ջայլամ
 * Old Armenian: ջայլամն, ջայլեամն
 * Assamese: উটপক্ষী, উট চৰাই
 * Asturian:
 * Avar: варанихӏинчӏ
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Basque:
 * Belarusian: стра́ус
 * Bengali: উটপাখী
 * Breton: struskańval
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Cherokee: ᎬᎾ ᎤᏔᎾ
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 鴕鳥
 * Hakka: 鴕鳥
 * Hokkien:, 蹄鳥, 長頷鳥
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Egyptian:
 * Emilian:
 * Erzya: дуенармунь
 * Esperanto: struto
 * Estonian:
 * Faroese: strutsur
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Old French: ostruce
 * Friulian: struç
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: სირაქლემა
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: στρουθοκάμηλος, στρουθίων
 * Hausa: jimina
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: शुतुरमुर्ग़,, , उष्ट्रपक्षी
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Igala: òbìjimu
 * Igbo: enyi nnụ̀nụ̀
 * Indonesian:
 * Interlingua: struthio, avestruthio
 * Irish: ostrais, struth, struth-chamhall
 * Istriot:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Kazakh: түйеқұс
 * Khmer: អូទ្រុស
 * Korean:
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Ladin: struz
 * Lao: ກະຈອກເທດ
 * Latin: struthiocamelus, struthio
 * Latvian: strauss
 * Ligurian: strûsso
 * Lithuanian:
 * Lombard: struzz
 * Low German: Struus
 * Macedonian: ној, гајгур
 * Malay: burung unta
 * Malayalam: ഒട്ടകപക്ഷി,
 * Maltese: ngħam
 * Maori: otereti
 * Maranao: tabonan
 * Marathi: शहामृग
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: тэмээн хяруул
 * Navajo: tsídiitsoh
 * Neapolitan: struzzo
 * Norman: autruche
 * Northern Sotho: mpšhe
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk:
 * Occitan:
 * Old English: strūta
 * Old Norse: strúz
 * Oromo: guuchii
 * Ottoman Turkish: دوه قوشی
 * Pashto: ,
 * Persian:
 * Piedmontese: struss
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romagnol:
 * Romani: astrechi, barimatango
 * Romanian:
 * Romansch: strut
 * Russian:
 * Saho: gooriya
 * Sardinian: abistrussu, bistrussu, istrutzu
 * Scottish Gaelic: struth
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: но̏ј
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: pštros
 * Slovene:
 * Somali: gorayo
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: štrus
 * Upper Sorbian: štrus
 * Sotho: mpjhe, ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: abestrus
 * Tajik: шутурмурғ
 * Tamil:
 * Tatar:
 * Telugu:
 * Thai:
 * Tswana: ntšhe
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: düýeguş
 * Ukrainian: стра́ус
 * Urdu: شترمرغ
 * Uyghur: تۆگىقۇش
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese:
 * Volapük:
 * Walloon:
 * Welsh: estrys
 * West Frisian: strúsfûgel
 * Wolof: bànjóoli, baa
 * Yámana:
 * Yiddish: שטרויס
 * Yoruba: ògòǹgò
 * Yup'ik:
 * Zazaki:
 * Zhuang:
 * Zulu: intshe

 * Northern Sami:

Etymology
and continental, from.

Noun

 * 1)  A goblet made of an ostrich egg.
 * 2)  A heraldic image of an ostrich.
 * 1)  A heraldic image of an ostrich.

title: ostrich


text:
elk

Etymology 1
From, from , , from , (compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,  🇨🇬,  🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), from ,  (compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, variant of  (compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), from ..

Noun

 * 1) Any of various large species of deer such as the red deer, moose or wapiti (see usage notes).
 * 2) Any of the subspecies of the moose (, alternatively named  to avoid confusion with the wapiti), that occurs only in Europe and Asia.
 * 3)  Any moose, the largest member of the deer family.
 * 4)  , the second largest member of the deer family, once thought to be a subspecies of red deer.
 * 5)  Sambar.

Usage notes
Elk originally referred to the moose. The wapiti was named elk by European explorers in North America, who thought it resembled the moose.

The word elk is now commonly used in the same way as the word is used for the subspecies of the. The only difference here is that it refers only to a single subspecies, while refers to several subspecies of the.

Noun

 * (, syn. ).

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1)  everyone; everybody

Determiner

 * in elk geval — “in every (i.e. any) case”
 * in elk geval — “in every (i.e. any) case”

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, from +  +.

Determiner

 * 1) each; every

Usage notes

 * The Dutch determiners elk and are entirely interchangeable. They do not exhibit the slight distinction that is usually made between English  and.

Pronoun

 * 1)  everyone; everybody

Etymology
Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Pronoun

 * 1)  each, every
 * 2)  some, many

Etymology
Apparently from, though it is not found before 1475 and the phonetic development is unexpected, though compare dialectal.

Noun

 * , moose

title: elk


text:
white stork

Etymology
From white and stork.

Noun

 * 1) A large wading bird, of species, that winters in Africa and breeds in Europe; in European folklore, it delivers babies.

Translations

 * Albanian: lejleku i bardhë
 * Asturian: ,
 * Chechen: чӀерийдохург
 * Chichewa: chiswankhono
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: hvid stork
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: blanka cikonio
 * Faroese:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Japanese:
 * Kashubian: biôłi bòcón
 * Kazakh: ақ дегелек
 * Latin: ciconia
 * Maltese: ċikonja bajda
 * Navajo: tsídiidaanézí łigaaígíí
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: cegonha-branca
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: бе́лый а́ист
 * Spanish: cigüeña blanca
 * Swedish:
 * Tyap:
 * Ukrainian: леле́ка бі́лий

title: white stork


text:
musk ox

Etymology
So called because of the strong odour, or musk, emitted by the males during the rutting season.

Noun

 * 1) An Arctic mammal,  of the  subfamily of the family, having a thick coat and long curved horns.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: мускусен бик
 * Catalan: bou mesquer
 * Cherokee: ᏧᏴᏢ ᏯᎾᏌ
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: pižmoň
 * Danish: moskusokse
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: muskusveis
 * Faroese: moskusneyt
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek: μοσχόβους, προβατόβους ο μοσχοφόρος
 * Greenlandic: umimmak
 * Icelandic: sauðnaut
 * Inuktitut: ᐅᒥᖕᒪᒃ
 * Italian: bue muschiato
 * Japanese:
 * Korean: 사향소
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: gayê miskî, miskga
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: moskusfe, moskusokse,, moskusku
 * Nynorsk: moskusfe, moskusokse, moskus, moskusku
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: boi-almiscarado
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, му́скусный бык
 * Spanish: buey almizclero
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: misk öküzü
 * Vietnamese: bò xạ hương

title: musk ox


text:
red deer

Noun

 * 1) A species of large deer,, found in Europe and southwestern Asia.
 * 2) The wapiti or North American elk,, a deer species of North America, long believed to be a subspecies of the European red deer.

Translations

 * Albanian: dre i rëndomtë
 * Armenian: ազնիվ եղջերու
 * Azerbaijani: nəcib maral
 * Basque:
 * Belarusian: але́нь
 * Breton: karv ruz
 * Bulgarian: благороден елен
 * Catalan: cérvol comú
 * Chechen: гӀела
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 馬鹿
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: jelen lesní
 * Danish: kronhjort
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian: punahirv
 * Faroese: krúnhjørtur
 * Finnish:
 * French:, , ,
 * Friulian: cierf
 * Galician:
 * Georgian:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: krónhjörtur
 * Irish: fia rua
 * Italian: cervo nobile
 * Japanese: 赤鹿
 * Kalmyk: марл
 * Kazakh: кермарал
 * Korean: 붉은사슴
 * Ladin: cerf
 * Latgalian: aļņs
 * Latin:
 * Latvian: briedis
 * Lithuanian:
 * Low German:
 * German Low German: roothirsch, hartbock
 * Macedonian: елен
 * Maltese: ċerf l-aħmar
 * Manx: feeaih ruy
 * Northern Sami: ruksesgoddi
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk:
 * Occitan:
 * Old English: heort
 * Picard: chérfe
 * Polish: jeleń szlachetny
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romani: cherbo
 * Romanian: cerb comun
 * Romansch: tschierv cotschen
 * Russian: благоро́дный оле́нь
 * Sardinian: crebu, crefu, cherbu, chervu
 * Scottish Gaelic:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: јелен
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: jeleň lesný
 * Slovene: navadni jelen
 * Spanish: ciervo rojo
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: ,
 * Ugaritic: 𐎀𐎊𐎍
 * Ukrainian:
 * Walloon:
 * Welsh: carw coch
 * West Frisian: reahart

title: red deer


text:
common eland

Noun

 * 1) an antelope,, of the African savannah

Translations

 * Amhara: ወንደቢ
 * Dutch: Kaapse elandantilope
 * Finnish: hirviantilooppi
 * French: antilope canna
 * German: Elenantilope
 * Komo: shet
 * Romanian: antilopă-elan
 * Russian:, обыкнове́нная ка́нна

title: common eland


text:
Nelson's elk

Noun

 * 1) ; a subspecies of red deer (or wapiti).

Translations

 * Dutch:
 * French: cerf wapiti
 * German:
 * Russian: благоро́дный оле́нь, настоя́щий оле́нь

title: Nelson's elk


text:
Spanish chestnut

Noun

 * , a deciduous tree with edible deep brown nutlike fruits. The fruits have a little white, fluffy tail.
 * 1) The fruit of this tree.

Translations

 * Basque: gaztainondo, gaztainarbola
 * Dutch: tamme kastanjeboom
 * French: châtaignier commun,
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Spanish:

 * Basque: gaztaina
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: marono
 * French: ,
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:

title: Spanish chestnut