text:
Wiktionary:Requests for deletion/Archives/2006/04

=Kept=

prior knowledge
This is just a sum of its parts, right? --Dangherous 19:11, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

 * No; it is legal terminology. --Connel MacKenzie T C 19:45, 12 April 2006 (UTC)
 * I've added such a definition. bd2412 T 23:23, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Keep. — Hippietrail 21:43, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

Rfd was previously removed. 18:19, 10 June 2006 (UTC)

Spelling Variants in Entry Names - Draft Policy
If we are going to have any sort of draft policy, choosing the time top implement it as right after a discussion is started about it is not wise.

The current "draft policy" proposal is so far away form current practices, I think it would be best to restart it from scratch.

--Connel MacKenzie T C 05:56, 24 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Is it really that much different from current practice? I'd like to know how. If you don't like it I would submit that it be frozen, but not deleted. When the discussion has panned out, a new one can be started. Davilla 18:45, 1 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I agree with Davilla. It seemed to me to include a less apparently POV method of showing equal variants. To take an example, I recently added a word chametz/chamets/chometz/hamets/hametz where the multiple spellings, all of which I found in technical Jewish writings, presumably stem from alternative transliterations of the original Hebrew word. I had originally intended to put the main entry as chometz, which usage has escaped into an English local authority website and a newspaper, but then settled on chametz to match a Wikipedia article.

 * To my (limited) knowledge, none of the spellings is superior to the others -- I believe they are equally valid. [If I am wrong in this please let me know, but that does not affect the validity of my argument for other words with equally valid spellings.] However, under the current rules (which I used) someone entering chametz gets straight to the article, whereas someone entering chometz, or any of the other spellings, finds a note to say it is an alternative spelling, and must then click on the link to find the main entry under chametz. My (or more accurately the pedia editor's) POV is very apparent and in your face.

 * Under one of the methods in the draft policy, those entering chometz would be redirected to chametz without further action, which is, IMHO, more egalitarian. While not quite apparently NPOV (the note re the redirect still appears) it is much less apparently POV than the present system, ie the editor's POV is less obtrusive. While it might not be acceptable for, eg, some of the more emotive US/UK variants (for which the draft policy suggests copying the entries to each variant), it would surely be OK for most equal variants.

 * The other currently used method (also allowed by the draft policy) of copying the entry to each variant encourages unintended mutations if one entry is corrected/improved, so personally I would deprecate it when there is no known difference in usage between the spellings.

 * So in short, keep: the draft policy contains an interesting idea, worthy of discussion rather than deletion. Enginear 01:24, 5 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I stopped reading it the first time, when the very first rule it gave was flat out wrong and in direct conflict with every conversation on the topic in the last year and a half that I've been here. We Are Not Wikipedia.  Wikipedia uses redirects for each of these cases, but we, as a dictionary, do not.

 * Funny, no-one else seemed to have the same reaction ! I think you might have mis-read the first paragrgaph. It did talk about each contributor of a NEW article making up their own mind. I've marginally re-written it to make this clearer.--Richardb 16:34, 12 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Having scanned over the rest of it, nothing else immediately jumps out as being blatanly wrong. But that first item/rule, what a zinger.  Instead of calming the US/UK issue, a solution like that could only agravate it.  Was it meant to?  Perhaps.  --Connel MacKenzie T C 02:06, 5 May 2006 (UTC)

Do we or do we not need a policy for this ? Only if you think we will never need such a policy should it be nominated for deletion (or if it's been superseded or something). If you don't agree with a draft policy, then try discussing it on the related talk page, instead of taking a sledgehammer to it. I make no claims to creating perfect policy. I just identified that we need some sort of policy, otherwise conversations just go on all over the place, and no-one can really find what the current consensus is. I'm not going to say whether it was deliberatly provocative or a misreding. BUT FOR GOD's SAKE, USE THE RELATED DISCUSSION PAGE, NOT RFD, BP, RFC or some other place. Connel, you are the one who complained some time back about having to trawl through so many places, BP Archives etc to refute assertions by others. This is a chance to structure our discussions in a sensible way, so that all the discussion and evidence is on one place. Please, put your sledgehammer away and start discussing constructively, as other people are doing. --Richardb 16:04, 12 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I felt it was appropriate to nominate it and discuss it here, as the US/UK issue had reared its head again, making this seem like a direct attack on the progress being made in those discussions. I can understand the UK desire to keep Wiktionary out of line in comparison to other Wikimedia projects, especially Wikipedia.  The UK influence on Wiktionary is quite pervasive: (parenthesis) for qualifiers, definitions as sentence fragments instead of sentences, redirects from American spellings to commonwealth spellings, serial commas and a host of even more subtle UKisms.  Collectively, the barrage of (perhaps inadvertent) OED/UK influence is overwhelming.  "FOR GOD'S SAKE" (as you say,) even something as obvious as color/colour meets stern resistance when an appropriate technical solution to the POV problem is offered.  The timing of suggesting this "policy proposal" seemed (and still does seem) to be yet another UK attack against a neutral POV for the English Wiktionary.  --Connel MacKenzie T C 16:15, 13 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Connel, I've lost patience with you. You constantly want to make a war out of this. You are totally out of order.--Richardb 12:19, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I'm fairly laid back about issues like this, as must be obvious from the way I tend to make fun of RP and posh British phrases from time to time. But the downside is that I am therefore likely to inadvertently upset people from time to time by using unintended Britishisms.  I am conscious that this whole episode started because I drew Connel's attention to the Draft Policy -- I thought it more appropriate for something (uncontentious) I was doing and wanted to know if I could use it.

 * Clearly, I can't afford that every time I open my mouth I put my foot in it (I might choke on the plums) so I need to find out something of (say) the last six months' discussions. But the BP is very big, and I have so far only ventured in the once (and look where that got me!). Where do you suggest I start?  (But don't expect much from me over the next week or two, as I am not going to be near my computer very often.) --Enginear 13:36, 14 May 2006 (UTC)

Jesus! When will you useless pillocks get the idea. A Policy page is put up there to precisely to centralise discussion. Not to freeze discussion!. And what do you do? You come here to hold the discussion! I give up on you useless bastards, I really do! I'm friggin' wasting my time dealing with a load of dunderheads who haven't got a clue about how to organise Wiktionary properly. You just spend all your time talking over each other in the bar - sorry beer parlour. I think I'll quit wasting my time, unless more of you make the effort to understand what POLICY is about, and support the efforts made to develop policy--Richardb 12:13, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Richard, I gather three points from this:
 * You believe we should discuss Spelling variants in entry names on the relevant page (and I see there is a link to past discussions, which answers my earlier question). By the way, thank you for the effort put in. I have always thought it good, and you will see above that even Connel found only one thing "blatantly wrong" in his eyes.
 * Since you clearly do not agree with the No personal attacks draft policy, please would you discuss it there, rather than give examples here.
 * Dunderhead does not yet have an entry. Since it is obviously a word you use, along with some synonyms, it would be helpful if you defined it.
 * Enginear 14:37, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

indoor baseball
I don't see how this is any different from any other outdoor sport played indoors: indoor football, indoor cricket, indoor rugby... — Paul G 13:47, 25 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Conditionally keep If we can find a reference to an organisation like the USIBF (which, in an ideal world would stand for United States Indoor Baseball Federation), then it should be valid. Quick websearches suggest that indoor baseball is a similar game to baseball, but with little differences. If it is different, then it should stay in here. --Dangherous 17:55, 25 April 2006 (UTC)
 * I don't know baseball or indoor baseball but I'm 99% certain that cricket and indoor cricket have quite different rules and even equipment, which to me might qualify them for separate entries. But then again maybe a sense or subsense for indoor "of various outdoor sports and games, a modified version for play inside" would be fine. — Hippietrail 18:15, 25 April 2006 (UTC)
 * The indoor in these sports gets translated to the Dutch prefix zaal-, so one gets zaalvoetbal for indoor football. Does this in anyway whatsoever defend this entry, or is it a rather invalid argument? — Vildricianus 11:38, 28 April 2006 (UTC)

seven minutes of heaven
Been here since 2004, and in the history User:Dmh is seemingly staking a claim to WT:EC that it should be included. 2 years later, can it still survive? There's not a lot of backing it up that I can find. --Dangherous 17:48, 25 April 2006 (UTC)
 * I've definitely heard of it and heard it referred to in TV shows. American Dreams to be specific. It was more common in the 60's in the US as far as I know. - Taxman 20:23, 25 April 2006 (UTC)
 * As well, I have heard of it. Here is one link with the exact same definition: Science Fair Projects - Seven minutes of heaven Or here: Wikipedia: Seven Minutes of Heaven

 * Delete. seven minutes in heaven is borderline, since Wikipedia has it and there's 55,000 google hits, but I don't think we need this variant (229 google hits). Citing www.all-science-fair-projects.com is meaningless, because it appears to be a Wiktionary mirror. —Scs 04:46, 15 May 2006 (UTC)

IPv6
encyclopaedia entry (was actually copied from Wikipedia, apparently). --Rory096 23:56, 6 April 2006 (UTC)

 * I come from the encyclopedia, so I'm not trained in dictionary work. At least not yet. I copied a part of it from Wikipedia to give the entry a starting point. Instead of trying to delete it, can anyone please make it into a dictionaric article? (Btw, what is Dictionary to? Encyclopedia is to "Encyclopedic".) --68.102.193.78 01:53, 7 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Keep. And it’s encyclopedia/encyclopedic, but dictionary/dictionary (dictionary article). —Stephen 05:27, 7 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete. Ncik 01:44, 7 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Why? Why isn't anyone going to bother to make it dictionaric? --68.102.193.78 01:53, 7 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Keep, seems pretty dictionaric to me at this point. This is a bunch of letters with a nonobvious meaning, I thought wiktionary was here to explain things like that. Kappa 03:32, 7 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Strong keep. I personally hate this internet communication protocol, but this is the correct way it is denoted.  --Connel MacKenzie T C 05:48, 7 April 2006 (UTC)

 * So strong keep that I have made it into a standard initialism and even removed the RFD template. SemperBlotto 07:34, 7 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Keep — Hippietrail 21:22, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

Shorter Oxford English Dictionary
Sorry to do this, but I don't think this should belong in Wiktionary. I was tempted to RFD Wiktionarian too, but didn't. --Expurgator t(c) 17:03, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Then Oxford English Dictionary will also have to go. And what about all these bands? The Beatles, Led Zeppelin, Pink Floyd, ... — Vildricianus 17:10, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Not sure about these. Are you nominating them? Could we define clearer criteria? Davilla 17:46, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Bah, yes, no. Feel free to discuss a bit :-). Dunno, later perhaps. — Vildricianus 17:50, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Encyclopedic. Delete after transferring contents to SOED, which can stay. Davilla 17:46, 21 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Um, what? There is more than a little lexical difference between SOED and Shorter Oxford English Dictionary.  SOED should indicate what it stands for, the majority of the content should be at the long form.  Keep.  --Connel MacKenzie T C 19:50, 21 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Okay then, like this? ASCII, AAFPRS Davilla 17:50, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Um, yes, I think so. It might be considered a little unreasonable to go through them all, but this does match the tradition of having separate entries for each spelling, inflection, etc.  --Connel MacKenzie T C 18:03, 24 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Keep If a short form meets the CFI all longer forms should automatically meet the CFI if they can be attested as used. --Patrik Stridvall 21:00, 21 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Of course keep. In fact, we should have short entries for most good dictionaries and encyclopedias - and not just the English language ones. SemperBlotto 07:32, 22 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete; it has nothing to do in a dictionary. Neither has the neologism Wiktionarian. Jon Harald Søby 18:13, 24 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete. Belongs in Wikipedia. I don't see why we should have "short entries for most good dictionaries and encyclopedias". As for Led Zeppelin and Pink Floyd, they should be deleted too. And in theory, the page for Wiktionary should be deleted, but I'm sure we can make an exceptio for that, seeing as its OUR GODDAMN DICTIONARY! And The Beatles should also be deleted, but again, we cn make an exception as they're, well, The Beatles! --Dangherous 18:25, 24 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete. A dictionary is not a list of products or publications. — Hippietrail 21:49, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Turns out to be a borderline one. I say delete, per HT again. —Vildricianus 15:02, 24 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Keep, as per the three previous discussion on the topic. (We need these archived better!)  --Connel MacKenzie T C 16:02, 25 May 2006 (UTC)

 * That's funny -- in Shorter Oxford English Dictionary down below, Davilla claims that the result of previous discussions has been "delete". Who's right?  (And where are those other discussions?) –Scs 22:21, 30 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Oh, I only meant as per comments in previous discussion. I'll revise. Davilla 15:11, 4 June 2006 (UTC)

 * You've registered a first "keep" above as well. I take your second to be meant only as additional supporting comments. Davilla 18:07, 25 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete We are not listing names of books. That is for Wikipedia if they have the energy. Andrew massyn 18:38, 10 June 2006 (UTC)

--Dangherous 09:56, 19 June 2006 (UTC). Already had my say. --Dangherous 09:57, 19 June 2006 (UTC)

=Deleted=

transwiki:Pachina
--Connel MacKenzie T C 19:27, 3 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete and create proper entry, from scratch. The term seems to be everything but the definition listed, including the word "page" in Aragonese, a plant and a screen name or given name. --Dvortygirl 03:16, 4 April 2006 (UTC)

Deleted. —Vildricianus 15:23, 24 May 2006 (UTC)

Japanese Dictionary
Very little in it. Hasn't been touched for ages. SemperBlotto 11:18, 7 April 2006 (UTC)

 * It must be salvagable somehow. I added it to Category:Japanese phrasebook. --Dangherous 12:46, 7 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Could be moved to Appendix:English-Japanese dictionary or somewhere. Kappa 12:57, 7 April 2006 (UTC)

 * At least save it on a talk page somewhere like Japanese requests. Also it could be useful in Wikibooks. - Taxman 20:16, 13 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete. Keep any good stuff in it in our usual format. — Hippietrail 21:26, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Keep either where it is or at Appendix:English-Japanese dictionary as suggested by Kappa. 日本穣 19:27, 10 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Keep, move per Kappa. bd2412 T 19:31, 10 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete after the (little) contents are included elsewhere. --Connel MacKenzie T C 07:06, 1 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete. I remember making this such a long time ago. I was new to Wikipedia and Wiktionary and after browsing it for more 2 years, I really don't think this belongs here. I'll try to take each entry and put them in the right articles. KevinJr42 04:19, 7 June 2006 (UTC)

Has it been moved or not. My scripts don't show - just little square boxes. Andrew massyn 18:10, 10 June 2006 (UTC)

Mycenaean civilization
Encyclopedic; unidiomatic. — Paul G 14:38, 11 April 2006 (UTC)

 * You also have Minoan civilization and Cretan civilization.
 * Keep Cretan civilization, delete the others. Davilla 20:51, 16 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Weak keep On one hand we have Mycenaean, Minoan, and Cretan on the other hand they often collocate with "civilization" so it is entirely possible that somebody would search for the whole collocation. --Patrik Stridvall 15:11, 11 April 2006 (UTC)

 * I doubt it; even if they did, I would imagine they would turn to Wikipedia first. (Warning: thin-edge-of-the-wedge argument coming up...) Unless we want "Roman civilization", "Greek civilization", "American civilization", etc, as well. Delete (Paul G)

 * Please do consider that a google search comes back with 200.000 hits for "Mycenaean civilization".Kassios 12:52, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Without quotation marks, yes. Without them only about 60000. Still quite a lot. "Mycenaean culture" yields 20000. "Mycenaean Greece" yields about 55000. The problem whatever criteria makes us keep also very like will force us to include them as well. None of the collocations really means anything more than the sum of its parts. I'm more and more leaning towards moving whatever intresting in the collocations to the respective adjective and delete them.

 * It would have been good to have some support for common collocations in MediaWiki but I'm not even sure how any such support should look like... We could of course use redirects...--Patrik Stridvall 13:21, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

 * (after edit conflict) ...and "American civilization" 740 000 hits, "three houses" (with quotation marks!) > 800 000 hits... Sorry, but that argument (# of google hits as motivation) is very very weak. \Mike 13:24, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

Delete Widsith 13:24, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

 * 17,800 Google hits for "this should be deleted". — Vildricianus 13:33, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Having looked at CFI, strong keep. --Connel MacKenzie T C 18:54, 15 April 2006 (UTC)

 * keep - I've added a link to the relevant WP article. --EncycloPetey 07:04, 16 April 2006 (UTC)

Delete. Encyclopaedic and non-idiomatic. Ncik 11:26, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

There is a difference between collocations that have real world referents that are worthy of encyclopedic articles and "three houses" and "this should be deleted" that do not. We are should certainly not include collocations just because of common use. Just because they have real world referents they might translate in non-obvious ways. A totaly different term might be used in another language for some of them. At least in theory. --Patrik Stridvall 15:40, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Google is a powerful tool, but misused gives weird results. That is one reason we tend to rely more on http://print.google.com/ instead of the lame http://www.google.com.  (NOTE: Other full-text search engines exist as well!)  Our CFI is all about attestation (mainly in printed text.)  So if a term is used "commonly" in a certain way, it should be included.  --Connel MacKenzie T C 19:50, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

 * "three houses" yields 13700 hits at Google Books. So we should include that? No, I think we must limit ourselves to collocations that have encylopedic referants. --Patrik Stridvall 21:30, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

 * That's not what our CFI says. I wasn't asking you to come up with a pointed misuse of google searching, but number + anything does seem to be a useless thing to investigate.  OTOH, the oriental colocation of three houses (now that you point it out) probably does merit inclusion.  In fact, that use seems idiomatic.  --Connel MacKenzie T C 18:54, 15 April 2006 (UTC)

 * The CFI can be changed if it leads us to having to accept "insane" entries likes number + anything. As for your claim that "three houses" is idiomatic, I don't understand what you mean. Sure thing like seven sins and seven seas are idomatic since they carry connotations that are not obvious but I can't for my life imagine what three houses means beyond the obvious. I'm curious, please enlighten me. --Patrik Stridvall 21:42, 15 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Note: the topic is Mycenaean civilization. — Vildricianus 21:50, 15 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Indeed, I'm certain Patrik can search books.google.com himself. --Connel MacKenzie T C 06:57, 16 April 2006 (UTC)
 * The topic of discussion was why Mycenaean civilization meets the CFI and then it got sidetracked what meets the CFI in general. That is not that offtopic. As for three houses, I can know and can find several idiomatic meanings of house but none that makes the collocation itself more idiomatic. --Patrik Stridvall 07:19, 16 April 2006 (UTC)

Is there any sense (or translation) of this phrase which cannot be gained by searching for ‘Mycenaean’ and ‘civilization’ separately? I don't think so. Widsith 09:18, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Nothing really that Mycenaean can't or shouldn't be improved to contain. However, in the broad sense it means anything relating to Mycenae and in the narrow sense only what occured between 2800 and 1100 BC. Collocation like Mycenaean civilization, Mycenaean language, Mycenaean Greece, and Mycenaean Greek takes the narrow sense. Other collocations might or might not it depends. But that should be pretty obvious to anybody that have read an improved entry of Mycenaean so I'm not sure.

 * As for translations, well, theoretically I guess that the "time period" sense might be called something else by some scholars especially ones not writing in English, but then I guess that can and should be meantioned at Mycenaean so again I'm not sure.

 * In any case, my main reason for wanting to keep it is that fact that is has an encylopedic referent. --Patrik Stridvall 13:40, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Yeah, but does it have a dictionary referent?! Widsith 07:37, 18 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Yes, the second definition of Mycenaean points to Mycenaean civilization. Many of the ancient civilizations around the Mediterranean, as well as a few other "great" ancient civilizations, are referred to as the X civilization by archaeologists. So, while Egypt, Greece, and Mesopotamia are typically referred to by a single-word name, the Mycenaean Civilization, Indus River Valley Civilization, and the Minoan Civilization are not. --EncycloPetey 11:29, 18 April 2006 (UTC)

I have a real issue with "sum of its parts" no longer being allowed as a reason for deleting an entry. If someone creates "big red bus", I'm sure everyone else would agree it does not belong in Wiktionary, but no one is allowed to flag it on RFD by saying that it is the sum of its parts (a bus that is big and red). Clearly that is the reason why it should be deleted, but how else are we supposed to say this if "sum of its parts" is not permitted? Maybe I'm missing something here. — Paul G 09:43, 18 April 2006 (UTC)
 * I agree with you Paul – see my comment at Unix hacker, below. Widsith 09:47, 18 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Being a "sum of its parts" is just a necessary condition not a sufficient condition for deletion. The Pawley list seems contain some good criterias. What I mean by encylopedic is slight stronger than The naming test since it also requires that is not only a name of something it is also something that needs explaination in an encyclopedia. Mycenaean civilization needs explaination and indeed is explained in Wikipedia. See Mycenaean civilization. --Patrik Stridvall 11:22, 18 April 2006 (UTC)

 * But that's not true at all. Being "sum of parts" is most certainly not a requirement for deletion. Recent deletions such as flogging the dolphin and Hitchiker's Guide to the Galaxy were far more than "sum of parts" and yet they were deleted. A look at the deletion log shows that less than half of recent deletions could be considered "sum of parts", so that criterion cannot be considered a '"necessary" condition for deletion. That leaves open the question of what role "sum of parts" plays in making the decision to delete. I think it's not as simple an issue as most of us had assumed. --EncycloPetey 08:04, 19 April 2006 (UTC)

 * They were deleted because violated some other criteria. The problem with flogging the dolphin is that it can't be attested as widely used. If used it is certainly idiomatic. Hitchiker's Guide to the Galaxy should IMHO be included but we have decided to not, at this time, include book titles and similar. The Mycenaean civilization is a very important historical entity so the case for it is much stronger.

 * I agree that the question of what criteria we should use is very complicated. It seems that everybody including myself seem to have trouble to properly formulate a concrete policy... There are a lot of phrases that basicly are the sum of their parts like not guilty, no case to answer, dismissed with prejudice, and dismissed without prejudice. Their approximate meaning is easily guessable so they are not really idiomatic, but we should still list them... --Patrik Stridvall 15:42, 20 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete. It's just an everyday combination of words, if we accept it we have to accept many many mundane combinations of words. — Hippietrail 21:33, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete. Sum of parts, non-idiomatic, encyclopedic.  (And per someone's comment at the top of the thread, I'm going to go ahead and list Minoan civilization and Cretan civilization, too.) —Scs 04:20, 15 May 2006 (UTC)

I really wonder, if this isn't "encyclopedic", then what is? Next is American constitution or Russian people. I change my vote to strong delete. —Vildricianus 15:23, 24 May 2006 (UTC)

Keep. The entry is harmles. Should there be no strong reaction I intend to remove the rfd tag shortly. Andrew massyn 14:54, 10 June 2006 (UTC)

Unix hacker
I don't know why this is any different from any other type of hacker (in the "good" computing sense). It does not have an entry in FOLDOC — Paul G 10:11, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete Neither do I and I am a "Unix hacker" at least per some reasonable definition of the phrase ("white hat Unix hacker"). In a job interview I would of course call myself a "Unix expert" or a "Unix administrator" or something like that. The word hacker can so easily be misunderstood. --Patrik Stridvall 13:32, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

 * My guess is that it was entered as a result of the periodic/cyclic revisions at hacker, but that's just a guess. Looking at this, I'd say it would survive our RFV process, if moved to RFV instead of RFD.  (That's what I peeked at, anyhow.)  --Connel MacKenzie T C 19:40, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

 * The real question is whether the referent of the word is encyclopedic or not. A "Unix hacker" is not a different kind of hacker. A "car mechanic" is only different from an "airplane mechanic" because cars and airplanes are different. A white hat hacker, a grey hat hacker, and a black hat hacker are idiomatic and different though. BTW, the definition of white hat hacker is wrong, the current one is closer to the definition of a grey hat hacker. --Patrik Stridvall 21:21, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Strong keep. --Connel MacKenzie T C 07:11, 16 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Obvious, right? But I wasn't sure if this was someone who hacked into Unix systems, or from Unix systems. Then looking at the definition, it seems I framed the question entirely wrong. Hacker has several defs, so this is probably may be worth keeping. Davilla 22:42, 16 April 2006 (UTC) Seems like a tough call to me. Davilla 13:09, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Unix hacker have exactly the same ambiguity as hacker. It can mean both of what you meantioned as well as "One who is intensely interested in learning and modifying the technical aspects of a system" which is what kind of "Unix hacker" I am. Only a small minority does what you meantion above. However, since this is the newsworthy cases, most attested uses will probably refer to your meanings and this is why I usually don't care to call myself a "Unix hacker". --Patrik Stridvall 07:54, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

Delete, as it is just the sum of its parts. Ncik 11:28, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Note: "Sum of it's parts" is always an invalid argument for deletion. Confer: the Pawley list.  --Connel MacKenzie T C 05:23, 18 April 2006 (UTC)

Delete. There is nothing useful about this as a separate term of it's own. Sum of it's parts. - Taxman 00:05, 18 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Note: "Sum of it's parts" is always an invalid argument for deletion. Confer: the Pawley list.  --Connel MacKenzie T C 05:23, 18 April 2006 (UTC)

I don't understand. I have ‘conferred’ (as you put it) with this list, and Unix hacker does not meet any of those criteria. The reason is because it is simply the sum of its parts (which is not an invalid argument for deletion, it's an extremely good one). Widsith 07:35, 18 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete. This is a mundane combination of words only. Including it encourages more mundane combinations such as Unix guru, Unix wizard, Linux hacker, Windows hacker, etc. — Hippietrail 21:38, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Agreed. Delete and give a suitable example at hacker of the Unix/Linux/whatever variety. Davilla 21:47, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

Deleted per apparent consensus. —Vildricianus 15:02, 24 May 2006 (UTC)

playahata
Tosh or a protologism? Jonathan Webley 20:06, 21 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Looks like a gangsta spelling of player hater. Mayhaps we should add that and redirect (manual, not auto) ? And add this definition to WT:BJAODN, of course. Oh, and here, let's have a link to a books.google for "player hater", while I'm here. --Wytukaze 00:26, 22 April 2006 (UTC)

 * It's a real word. Playahata has nothing to do with player hater, it simply means what the definition says. 64.251.182.80 03:22, 22 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Seems to come from www.playahata.com - can't quite figure out what the site is actually about. SemperBlotto 07:28, 22 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete or redirect. I don't think that counts as a legitimate attestation. The common use of playahata in speech is as a short form of player hater, but I'm not sure there's any attestation of that spelling in print. - Taxman 19:59, 25 April 2006 (UTC)

Deleted. Tosh. —Vildricianus 15:02, 24 May 2006 (UTC)

Led Zeppelin, Pink Floyd, The Beatles.
A shame to see them go, but it would be the right thing to do, in my opinion. --Dangherous 18:27, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Apart from The Beatles, because of Beatlesque. --Dangherous 18:29, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
 * How does this follow? The name of a band becomes a word when a word is derived from it?? Besides band names, what other types of things does this apply to? — Hippietrail 18:36, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Probably all writer names: Dickens -> Dickensian, etc. — Vildricianus 21:00, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Nah, maybe not. Maybe we can just keep The Beatles because they're HUGE. To be honest though, I've never even read WT:CFI! --Dangherous 19:10, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete. Encyclopedic. — Vildricianus 21:00, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Ok, deleted first 2, left The Beatles -- Tawker 07:48, 25 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Why? If the Beatles are in, then all bands are allowed, aren't they? — Vildricianus 11:41, 28 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Does every band have a hairstyle named after it? Kappa 09:57, 29 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete all 3 — A dictionary is not a list of musicians and bands. — Hippietrail 21:51, 9 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Keep The Beatles. Not only a hairstyle named after them, but probably an era, The Beatles phenomena. The Beatles probably have as much right to be included as does Shakespeare (well, nearly!). There has to be room for judgement in Wiktionary, not unthinking adherence to some over-simplified rule. The Beatles are notable enough for inclusion. and finally, Beatlesque is a word (213,000 Google Hits) as much as Shakespearean. How would you sensibly define Beatlesque without having The Beatles to refer to? --Richardb 15:45, 12 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Nobody has mentioned that articles like this do not meet our current CFI. Specifically, having something named after you is also not in the current CFI. I have started a thread on the CFI's talk page though so please go over and comment. — Hippietrail 19:56, 12 May 2006 (UTC)

 * That does not match my recollection of our CFI; I did think eponyms' origins were specifically mentioned for inclusion. Any idea when it was removed from CFI?  I guess I'd better check on your thread at Wiktionary talk:Criteria for inclusion...  --Connel MacKenzie T C 16:22, 13 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Keep Beatles only and modify CFI relevant to that discussion. Davilla 17:47, 26 May 2006 (UTC)

xpage
A Java class (there are lots) SemperBlotto 22:08, 25 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Also marked as a stub article. This was listed as a requested def.
 * Would support keeping if anyone could prove to me that it belongs under the "English" heading. Davilla 16:58, 26 April 2006 (UTC)
 * In other words, delete. Unlike goto there is no verification of use outside the computing language except as a reference to the encyclopedic Java class itself. Davilla 16:34, 12 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I don't think so - "xpage" is "xpage" whatever language you speak and wherever you write it. The language is Java. This raises the question of whether we want to include reserved words in computing languages (our remit is "all words in all languages", after all). I'll raise this in the Beer parlour. — Paul G 09:29, 27 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete. A dictionary is not a list of classes, procedures, functions, constants, templates, or structures used in computing platforms. — Hippietrail 21:56, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

Deleted per Hippietrail. Trouble enough keeping natural language in check. Possible appendix material. —Vildricianus 14:42, 24 May 2006 (UTC)


text:
catcher's mitt

Noun

 * 1)  A large protective glove used by a catcher when playing baseball.
 * 2)  A contraceptive diaphragm.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: catcher's mitt


text:
User:AmiDaniel/VP/L

C$(103)@@;84;106;104;85.5;100;106.5;104;102;105.5@

title: User:AmiDaniel/VP/L


text:
User:AmiDaniel/VP/Mods

@AmiDaniel@AmiDaniel TestAccount@

title: User:AmiDaniel/VP/Mods


text:
Πλούτων

Proper noun

 * 1)  Hades, the god of the underworld.

title: Πλούτων


text:
atrioventricular

Adjective

 * 1)  Of the spatial relationship between the ventricles and the atria of the heart.

Translations

 * Hungarian: pitvar-kamrai
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: girê guhikezikoke

title: atrioventricular


text:
User talk:AmiDaniel

Wiktionary:Sandbox Wiktionary:Sandbox AmiDaniel 00:48, 15 June 2006 (UTC)

Hello, and welcome to Wiktionary!

If you have edited Wikipedia, you probably already know some basics, but Wiktionary does have a few conventions of its own. Please take a moment to learn our basics before jumping in.

First, all articles should be in our standard format, even if they are not yet complete. Please take a moment to familiarize yourself with it. You can use one of our pre-defined article templates by typing the name of a non-existent article into the search box and hitting 'Go'.

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Finally, you can link Wikipedia pages, including your user page, using pagename,, or. Please do not create redirects to Wikipedia pages, though. They don't work.

We hope you enjoy editing Wiktionary and being a Wiktionarian. --Connel MacKenzie T C 01:01, 15 June 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:AmiDaniel


text:
Talk:democracy

Reverted definition
I reverted this edit, which added the following definition:
 * belief in freedom and equality between people

The belief in freedom and equality between people may be a reason to implement democracy, but that belief is not the definition of democracy. Rod (A. Smith) 01:03, 15 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Actually, one definition of the word 'democracy' is indeed a 'social value' belief system. There are many examples of this usage of the definition of the word, see for instance this 1907 William James speech at Radcliff College titled Social Value of the College-Bred:  "By the middle of the twentieth century the higher institutions of learning had lost all influence over public opinion in the United States. But the mission of raising the tone of democracy, which they had proved themselves so lamentably unfitted to exert, was assumed with rare enthusiasm and prosecuted with extraordinary skill and success by a new educational power; and for the clarification of their human sympathies and elevation of their human preferences, the people at large acquired the habit of resorting exclusively to the guidance of certain private literary adventures, commonly designated in the market by the affectionate name of ten-cent magazines."  William James is clearly using the 'social value' definition of the word democracy.

 * Other dictionaries also show this as a definition. See citation, definition 5) here:  68.121.174.162 16:52, 30 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Perhaps it should instead refer to political equality. 'belief in political freedom and equality'. social equality does not mean the same thing as political equality and 'between people' sounds a little unsophisticated for a dictionary description. The use of the phrase 'the tone of democracy' does not prove anything; 'tone' simply implies the social ideals that compliment democracy, but are different to democracy.

 * I agree. 'Freedom' and 'equality' are terms that are way too vague.

Why You Guys Are Wrong
Democracy is not 'freedom,' 'equality,' or any similar phrase. It is becoming widely misused in our language by both politicians and average citizens. Democracy is mob rule, the voice of the minority is NOT protected, and "equality" plays no part. Check out Oxford:--Shink X 18:52, 4 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Unlike the situation with some other languages, there is no central authority for how to use the English language. So, in this dictionary, we report the way people actually use words, not just the way somebody says the words should be used.  I restored the definition you removed, added the new definition you provided, and added  for both.  The rfv process will hopefully sort out whether one or both of those definitions are correct.  Rod (A. Smith) 22:21, 4 August 2007 (UTC)

democracy
There appears to be a soapbox at Talk:democracy. User:Shink X wants to correct the definition for the primary sense in the entry for “democracy”. The original definition is this: The sense prefered by User:Shink X is this: RFV seems in order. Rod (A. Smith) 22:27, 4 August 2007 (UTC)
 * 1) Rule by the people.
 * 1) Control of a group by the majority of its members.

 * Defer this decision to the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. DAVilla 08:11, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

I would delete the second sense. democracy does not mean "control of a group by the majority of its members", even if that is often the effect. It means "government by the people". Widsith 08:35, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * I agree with Widsith, when people want to mean "control of a group by the majority" they don't use the word "democracy" they use a phrase like "tyranny of the majority" or similar. Thryduulf 11:20, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Yes. All the -cracy words refer to a description of a form of government, not the effect that results from using that form. -- Algrif 13:28, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * When democracy began in the Greek city states, it mean rule by the majority of all the citizens (resulting in a sort of tyranny). What we have today is a type of democracy called a representative democracy. Hence, the word democracy may refer to the original, pure form, or to today’s representative form (usually the latter). —Stephen 15:13, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * The term doesn't have to refer to a specific form of government; one of my high-school teachers used to comment that the classroom wasn't a democracy, but a benevolent dictatorship — as in, it didn't matter what we thought we should do, we would do what she thought was best for us. —Ruakh TALK 15:55, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * That is government; it's just not Government. Widsith 18:40, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Agreed. (Well, not really agreed — I don't generally capitalize "government" in any sense — but I agree with what you seem to mean.) My point is that it's not any specific form of government; she wasn't emphasizing the lack of electoral procedure or of representatives, but stating generally that the classroom was not governed by the students (the governed people). —Ruakh TALK 19:06, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

Thanks for your input, everyone. I've cited the original sense. Should I remove the tag for that definition now that the sense is cited or just wait for the RFV period to elapse? Rod (A. Smith) 23:01, 5 August 2007 (UTC)
 * I'd leave the tag on that sense for about a week to allow anyone who wants to to disagree that the cites do verify the usage. If nobody objects during this time, then go ahead and remove the tag. Thryduulf 23:56, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * rfvfailed for "Control of a group by the majority of its members."
 * rfvpassed for "Rule by the people." Cynewulf 15:54, 19 October 2007 (UTC)

Requests for verification — kept
Third sense. Previously tagged, but not listed. This is a bit confusing because this particular sense was tagged while an rfv conversation was taking place concerning other senses of the same entry, but this particular sense was not covered in the previous conversation. The sense does have a number of cites, but I'm not sure if they really prove its existence, or rather simply apply to the preceding two. Since I really don't have a knack for sorting out definitions, I'll leave this to others to decide. -Atelaes λάλει ἐμοί 03:31, 10 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Previous discussion can be seen here Cynewulf 04:28, 10 March 2008 (UTC)

 * I would say the senses are distinct, though not all the quotations are entirely clear (how long before we need a "Quotations to be checked" header?) Rule by the people does not entail respect for civil liberties; indeed, from ancient Athens to modern times it has often had the opposite effect. -- Visviva 07:22, 10 March 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:democracy


text:
helicon

Etymology
Probably from, after.

Noun

 * 1)  A large tuba whose coils fit around the player's shoulders.
 * 2)  A low-frequency electromagnetic wave observed in various plasmas.
 * 1)  A low-frequency electromagnetic wave observed in various plasmas.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: бас-туба
 * Catalan:
 * Italian:
 * Russian:

Etymology
.

title: helicon


text:
Ancien Régime

Etymology
Borrowed from, from +. The word first appeared in English in print in 1794.

Proper noun

 * 1)  The aristocratic social and political system established in France under the Valois and Bourbon dynasties, overthrown by the French Revolution of 1789.

Translations

 * Finnish: ancien régime
 * French:
 * Galician: Antigo Réxime
 * German:
 * Greek: Παλαιό Καθεστώς
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: Ancien Régime, ancien régime
 * Russian: старый режим
 * Spanish: Antiguo Régimen

Etymology
From +.

Etymology
.

Proper noun

 * 1)   aristocratic system in France before the French Revolution

title: Ancien Régime


text: anciens régimes

title: anciens régimes


text:
ancien régime

Etymology
From ; the term first appeared in English print in 1794.

Noun

 * 1)  A system of government long since supplanted by another, particularly a state of feudalism with an absolute monarchy supported by the doctrine of divine right with the explicit consent of an established church.

Translations

 * Dutch: ancien régime
 * Finnish: vanha valta
 * Greek: προηγούμενο καθεστώς
 * Portuguese: ancien régime
 * Spanish: antiguo régimen

Noun

 * 1) former government

Usage notes
The term is used generically in French to refer to any previous government, without automatic negative connotations. In English, the term is generally used pejoratively.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)   system of government long since supplanted by another

title: ancien régime


text:
hors d'oeuvre

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  A small, light, and usually savory first course in a meal.
 * 2)  Anything of secondary concern; not the primary thing.
 * 3)  Something unusual or extraordinary.

Quotations

 * On buffet tables, garnished with glistening hors-d’oeuvre, spiced baked hams crowded against salads of harlequin designs and pastry pigs and turkeys bewitched to a dark gold.
 * On buffet tables, garnished with glistening hors-d’oeuvre, spiced baked hams crowded against salads of harlequin designs and pastry pigs and turkeys bewitched to a dark gold.
 * On buffet tables, garnished with glistening hors-d’oeuvre, spiced baked hams crowded against salads of harlequin designs and pastry pigs and turkeys bewitched to a dark gold.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: заку́ска, пераку́ска, пераку́с
 * Bulgarian: ордьо́вър, мезе́, предя́стие,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, , , ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish:, hors d'oeuvre
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: antaŭmanĝaĵo
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian:
 * German: Hors d’œuvre,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Japanese:, つき出し, , , アペタイザー
 * Korean:, 전채,
 * Latin: gustātiō, prōmulsis
 * Macedonian: о́рдевер
 * Maori: kūmamatanga, whakapūwharu
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Slovak: predkrm, predjedlo
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: pampagana
 * Thai: ออเดิร์ฟ
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: заку́ска, за́куска, пере́куска
 * Volapük:

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 次要的事情
 * Danish:
 * Finnish: sivuseikka
 * French:, , ,
 * Portuguese:

 * Icelandic: ,

Etymology
lit. 'apart from the work', in other words, "apart from the main meal"

title: hors d'oeuvre


text: SSS

title: SSS


text:
salinity

Noun

 * 1) The quality of being saline.
 * 2)  The concentration of salt in a solution.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: соленост
 * Estonian: soolsus
 * Finnish:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: მარილიანობა
 * Irish: salandacht
 * Italian:
 * Kazakh: тұздылық
 * Kyrgyz: туздуулук
 * Latin: salsugo
 * Latvian: sāļums
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: saltholdighet, salinitet
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:
 * Vietnamese: độ mặn

 * Arabic: مِلْحِيَّة
 * Bulgarian: соленост
 * Catalan: salinitat
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Greek: περιεκτικότητα σε άλατα
 * Irish: salandacht
 * Kazakh: тұздылық
 * Kyrgyz: туздуулук
 * Latvian: sāļums
 * Polish:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:
 * Vietnamese:

title: salinity


text:
User:Liambf

Hi. My name is liam.

me on wikipedia

title: User:Liambf


text: Template:User eo-2

title: Template:User eo-2


text:
User:1get

<ヽ｀∀´> this is my home nida

title: User:1get


text:
échappée

Noun

 * 1) escape

title: échappée


text:
User talk:Liambf

Regarding shrazy: Please add it here or at http://www.urbandictionary.com. Here is the standard welcome message:

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wiktionary. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * Wiktionary Tutorial
 * Community Portal
 * Entry layout explained
 * Criteria for inclusion
 * FAQ
 * How to edit a page
 * How to start a page
 * Wiktionary Sandbox (a safe place for testing syntax)

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wiktionarian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk (discussion) and vote pages using four tildes, like this: ~~~~, which automatically produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the beer parlour or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! --Connel MacKenzie T C 01:57, 15 June 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Liambf


text:
tantalizing

Adjective

 * 1) Teasing; tempting, especially that which is beyond reach.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 挑逗性的
 * French:
 * German:, , , , ,
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese:, tentadora
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

Noun

 * 1) teasing temptation

title: tantalizing


text:
monomaniac

Noun

 * 1) A person who is obsessed with a single thing, to the exclusion of other concerns.

Translations

 * German: ,
 * Swedish:

Adjective

 * 1) Focused on one thing above all others.

Translations

 * Swedish:

Etymology
.

title: monomaniac


text:
Talk:once

Pronunciation
I am interested in learning why the word 'once' is pronounced 'wuns' in english and not phonetically as onse. —This unsigned comment was added by 209.52.102.21 (talk • contribs) 2006-06-15 03:39:22.

 * Note from the etymology that it derives from Old English on, so it is not surprising that it is pronounced more like English "one" than a Latin root would have produced. Rod (A. Smith) 05:39, 19 June 2006 (UTC)

Derivation: nonce?
Question: In the same way that none is derived from one (literally "not one"), can it be said that nonce is at all derived from once (as in, "not once"?)? If so, mewouldthenthinks that we should add nonce to the "Derived terms" section. allixpeeke (talk) 04:23, 11 September 2019 (UTC)

once and future
Used to categorize someone or something as having an enduring, eternal quality or status https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/once+and+future --Backinstadiums (talk) 10:40, 24 June 2020 (UTC)

Adverb: A single occurrence; one time; Adjective: Having been formerly; former
''Once will have to do. You can go just this once.  The once capital of the nation.'' https://ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=once --Backinstadiums (talk) 08:51, 11 August 2020 (UTC)

Once a liar, always a liar
What meaning is used in Once a liar, always a liar? --Backinstadiums (talk) 10:20, 26 April 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:once


text:
אהרן

Etymology
Of unknown meaning, possibly meaning “bearer of martyrs”, or perhaps also, or instead, related to the Ancient, though it has been suggested to also mean “elevated”, “exalted” or “high mountain”.

Etymology
From.

title: אהרן


text:
Talk:Aspergerian

I'm glad this word was added again. I added it several months ago, and was disappointed when it was deleted immediately afterwards. Looks like enough people know it to make it a real word, though. I think it's much less diminutive than "Aspie" or "Aspiette."

title: Talk:Aspergerian


text:
torturi

Verb

 * 1)  to ; inflict pain on;.

title: torturi


text:
lignify

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  To become wood.
 * 2)  To develop woody tissue as a result of incrustation of lignin during secondary growth.
 * 3)  To become rigid or fixed, like something made of wood.
 * 4)  To turn into wood; to make ligneous.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Italian: lignificare
 * Russian: ,

title: lignify


text:
torturo

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) ; infliction of pain;

title: torturo


text:
mortigi

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to kill

title: mortigi


text:
bathy-

Etymology
From.

Prefix

 * 1) deep, especially deep sea

title: bathy-


text:
trovi

Etymology
Derived from ; related to 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to, to
 * 2)  to, to , to
 * 3)  to ,
 * 1)  to, to , to
 * 2)  to ,
 * 1)  to ,
 * 1)  to ,
 * 1)  to ,

title: trovi


text:
sekso

Noun

 * 1) gender
 * 2)  sex

Noun

 * 1) sex

title: sekso


text:
seksumi

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to have sex

title: seksumi


text:
convolute

Etymology
Borrowed from, past participle of.

Verb

 * 1)  To make unnecessarily complex.
 * 2)  To fold or coil into numerous overlapping layers.
 * 3)  To confuse, mix up (something) with something else.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Maori: whakakōiro

Adjective

 * 1) Convoluted.
 * 2)  Coiled such that one edge is inside, and one outside the coil, giving a spiral effect in cross section.

title: convolute


text:
fiko

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  fuck act of sexual intercourse

Noun

 * 1) the plant

title: fiko


text:
disparately

Adverb

 * 1) In a disparate manner.
 * The groups were formed intentionally disparately.

title: disparately


text:
disparateness

Noun

 * 1) the degree to which a thing is disparate
 * The disparateness of our team was truly our strength.

title: disparateness


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/Archive/2006/July


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 1

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 1


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 2

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 2


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 3

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 3


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 4

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 4


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 5

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 5


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 6

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 6


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 7

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 7


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 8

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 8


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 9

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 9


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 10

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 10


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 11

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 11


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 12

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 12


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 13

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 13


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 14

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 14


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 15

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 15


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 16

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 16


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 17

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 17


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 18

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 18


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 19

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 19


text:
beno

Etymology
Modification of.

Noun

 * 1) An alcoholic drink distilled from the fermented sap of palm trees, originating from the Philippines.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) blessing

Pronoun

 * 1) you

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) a wall

title: beno


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 20

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 20


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 21

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 21


text:
marbordo

Etymology
🇰🇲

title: marbordo


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 22

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 22


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 23

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 23


text:
Israelo

Proper noun

 * 1) * 1993, Jorge Camacho, "Al nekonata malamiko", reprinted in Palestino strangolata (2016), p. 16:
 * 1) * 1993, Jorge Camacho, "Al nekonata malamiko", reprinted in Palestino strangolata (2016), p. 16:

title: Israelo


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 24

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/July 24


text:
enamiĝi

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to fall in love
 * 2) * A. Panajott (translator), “Katarino kaj Katjo” by Ferenc Herczeg, in Franko Luin (editor), Uzino 7,
 * Ĉu vi kredas, ke ĉe princoj tio ankaŭ iras same, ke oni antaŭe enamiĝas, kaj poste edziĝas?
 * Do you think it’s the same with princes — first you fall in love and then you get married?
 * 1) * Tim Westover, “La Kuko de la Sabla Maro, La Kuko de l’ Ploranta Ter’” in Marvirinstrato,
 * Avinoj vendas rozojn al enamiĝintaj junuloj.
 * Grandmothers sell roses to young men in love (lit. having fallen in love).
 * Kiam lupo enamiĝas ŝafon
 * When a Wolf Falls in Love with a Sheep

title: enamiĝi


text:
monero

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) coin

Usage notes
See explanation at.

title: monero


text:
kvalito

Noun

 * 1) quality, degree of excellence

title: kvalito


text:
Help talk:Audio pronunciations

Tips

 * I found that my recordings had a chopping sound at the start and finish, no matter how I cropped the selection. To solve this I "normalized" the selection, only removing the DC offset, not normalizing the maximum offset.  This removed the chopping noise. - TheDaveRoss

examples...
en_us_... doesn't match en_uk_... in the examples. --Connel MacKenzie T C 07:22, 15 June 2006 (UTC)

Audacity obsolete?
Why is Audacity considered obsolete? ~MDD4696 05:03, 21 May 2007 (UTC)
 * No idea. The Shtooka Recorder only operates in Windows, so Audacity is still necessary for those of us who don't run Windows. --EncycloPetey 19:35, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

Text-to-speech
What about using a text-to-speech engine to generate pronunciations in bulk? I would assume commercial tools licenses would be incompatible with Wiktionary. Has anyone looked into this? John1deer 15:06, 1 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Yes, we've looked into it. There are no engines capable of doing this correctly.  The pronunciation of a word varies from region to region, sometimes a little but sometimes quite a lot.  An engine would merely tell users how a particular algorithm interprets the pronuncation, not how a person would say it. --EncycloPetey 16:19, 1 March 2009 (UTC)

Foreign recordings
Language-country-word, right? For Tagalog-Philippines-word, would the resulting file be something like tl-ph-merienda.ogg? --Icqgirl 09:05, 13 May 2009 (UTC)

KDE help
Perhaps we can take something useful out of this help page. Also, they're looking for some help with recordings (which I think could be used on Wiktionary as well). Nemo 22:28, 16 June 2011 (UTC)

I cannot hear them!
from sarri.greek 2017.10.26. υπ' όψιν/attn: TWIMC,. Here are a naïve's first impressions: [Ευχαριστώ.mp3] Thanks sarri.greek (talk) 01:16, 26 October 2017 (UTC)
 * All wikipedia, wiktionary oggs: i click on that player, and i hear nothing. I download them and play them with my VLC or WindowsMediaPlayer: it cuts off the last syllable in all short mp3s, oggs, etc. Apparently there is something wrong with me not the oggs. But still, I go to external pages and i hear fine. (e.g. cambridgedictionaries)
 * i need a confirmation that the voice is of a native reader, (accent is described, ok. But is he native?)
 * i need medium speed of utterance (Normal speech may be too fast for a learner/nonspeaker. Slow speed is unnatural)
 * i would like female and male voice.
 * i would also like audio recordings for the examples!
 * i am happy to make recordings, but the procedure is too complicated. (Here is my voice [theta@webtopos]) I hear some last syllables cut off here too
 * This page is probably not being watched by anyone - it's 6 years since the previous note. Much better to try Grease pit where you might get a response. I say "might" because there is always a lot to do on Wiktionary and not enough time! —  Salt  marsh . 05:32, 26 October 2017 (UTC)

naming audio pronunciation files
(for eng and non-english words) Request for expansion of 'naming' at paragraph #Procedure. attn: Beer parlour At Help:Audio pronunciations I read: Call it ll-cc-word.ogg, where ll is the language code (en for English), cc = your country (us, uk, fr, etc.), and the word that you have pronounced. I also checked commons:Cat:Pronunciation to see how editors name their files. Could someone please, add a sub-heading with a bit more about naming the Files? Perhaps also include an Upload paragraph with info: Thank you. sarri.greek (talk) 09:30, 30 June 2018 (UTC)
 * language: ll (e.g. en- fr-) All the audio files i see have capital first letter: Ll-.... Xx(languageCode) (e.g. En- Fr-), apparently a Commons practice...
 * country: At most non-english languages at commons:Cat:Pron I see the pattern Xx-word.ogg (no country mentioned).  Even for english, the pattern ll‑word‑cc would index A...Z the words in a very helpful way. A suggestion for non english languages discussed (in Greek) with   is:
 * ll - word - ccoptional - style, intonationoptional
 * how to write non-latin script words: commons suggested native script, not transliterations of any kind commons/HelpDesk 2018.06.26.)
 * Upload at Commons: the Upload Wizard has easy steps for your 'own work': 1. tick own work, 2. name the ogg, choose date, write a description: e.g. Pronunciation of the Xxxxxlanguage word xxxxxx (trans.english). Native speaker, female/male, accent.
 * EL-ωωωωω.ogg If further transliteration is given, robots cannot add them automatically at pages: EL-ωωωωω-transliteration (or other comment).ogg. See Cat:Greek pronunciation Talk#logbook for naming files etc, and examples at Sarri.greek/contributions@commons for greek audio pronunciation. sarri.greek (talk) 15:13, 24 November 2018 (UTC)

Lingua Libre
How include Mediawiki Lingua Libre audio pronunciatons in Wiktionary. Much needed, because a lot of word do not include audio pronunciations.--BoldLuis (talk) 14:16, 26 April 2020 (UTC)

How to delete a buggy audio?
On this page, the audio is a bug. How are we supposed to delete or flag an audio? https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/File:en-us-observance.ogg#file User67QH (talk) 15:45, 21 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Since it's an audio file on Commons, it has to be proposed for deletion on Commons, which I just did. — S URJECTION / T / C / L / 17:22, 21 October 2022 (UTC)

title: Help talk:Audio pronunciations


text:
salu

Noun

 * 1)  chest

Noun

 * 1) pumpkin

Noun

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) brook; tributary

Etymology
From, from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) dusky

Etymology
From and  and.

Noun

 * 1) salt

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) river

Etymology
, whence is the genitive form. .

Noun

 * 1) sale, selling

title: salu


text:
seoþan

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to cook
 * 2) * c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
 * "ang"

- Coquō: iċ sēoðe.

 * 1) to boil

title: seoþan


text:
sjóða

Etymology
From, from.

Verb

 * 1)  to seethe, to boil
 * 2)  to boil
 * 1)  to boil

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to seethe, boil; cook
 * 2) to forge
 * 3)  to brood over

title: sjóða


text:
siodan

Etymology
From, whence also Old English and Old Norse.

Verb

 * 1) to seethe

title: siodan


text:
sefte

Etymology
From (compare 🇨🇬), from, possibly from.

Adjective

 * 1) soft, luxurious
 * 2) gentle, not harsh
 * 3) easy, pleasant
 * 4) quiet, undisturbed

Etymology
From (compare 🇨🇬), from, possibly from.

Adjective

 * 1) soft

Adverb

 * 1) softly

Verb

 * 1) to sigh
 * 2) to utter a sigh

title: sefte


text:
semfti

Etymology 1
From (compare 🇨🇬), from, possibly from.

Adjective

 * 1) soft

Noun

 * 1) softness

title: semfti


text:
sanft

Etymology
From, , , from , from.

Adjective

 * 1)  easy, especially of a physical task

Etymology
From, , , from , from (compare 🇨🇬), from , possibly from. . Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) gentle

title: sanft


text:
skarpr

Etymology
From, whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, , 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Ultimately from, from.

Adjective

 * 1) sharp
 * 2) scorched, pinched (from dryness), shrivelled

title: skarpr


text:
skarpur

Etymology
From, from , from , from.

Adjective

 * 1) sharp
 * 2) bright, smart

title: skarpur


text:
segel

Etymology
From, from , from , from. .

Noun

 * 1)  small letter
 * 1)  small letter
 * 1)  small letter

Etymology 1
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) seal (stamp)
 * 2) seal, closure of a space

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) sail; a piece of fabric attached to a boat

title: segel


text:
segal

Etymology
From, from.

Verb

 * 1) to reap; to harvest

Etymology
From, from , whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  sail

title: segal


text:
segl

Etymology 1
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) sickle

Etymology 2
Borrowed via from, a diminutive of.

Noun

 * 1) seal

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) sail

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) sail

Etymology 1
From, via.

Noun

 * 1) a seal (impression (often in wax) on a document as a symbol of authenticity)

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1) a sail

Etymology 1
From, via.

Noun

 * 1) a seal (impression (often in wax) on a document as a symbol of authenticity)

Etymology 2
From

Noun

 * 1) a sail

Etymology 1
From, from. Related to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) sail

Declension

 * neuter

 * masculine

Etymology 2
See.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) sail

Etymology
From, borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) sieve

title: segl


text:
seglian

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to sail

title: seglian


text:
seldan

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1) not often: seldom, rarely
 * 2) * early 11th century, anonymous of Ælfric's  Colloquy (c. 995)
 * "ang"

- "Hwȳ ne fiscast þū on sǣ?" "Hwīlum iċ dō, ac seldan."

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1) seldom

title: seldan


text:
selten

Etymology
From, , from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) rare, infrequent, uncommon, scarce
 * 2) unusual, curious
 * 3) * 1924, Friedrich Bernhard Störzner, Das weiße Männchen auf dem Kirchberge, in: Reinhardtswalder Sagenbüchlein, Buchhandlung Otto Schmidt, page 11:
 * "de"

- Droben am Himmel funkelten die Sterne in seltener Pracht.

Usage notes

 * The contracted comparative seltner is per se rare, but is occasionally used in attributive position: ein noch seltneres Phänomen − "an ever rarer phenomenon". This is done to avoid the three consecutive reduced syllables in selteneres etc.

Adverb

 * 1) seldom; rarely
 * 2)  unusually; extremely
 * 1)  unusually; extremely

Usage notes

 * The two senses are distinguishable by context and intonation.

Synonyms

 * See Thesaurus:sehr

Adjective
(variant of seelen)
 * 1) rare

Adverb

 * 1) rarely

title: selten


text:
sjalfr

Etymology
From, whence also 🇨🇬, , 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Ultimately from, from.

Pronoun

 * 1) self

title: sjalfr


text: Category:Old Norse pronouns

title: Category:Old Norse pronouns


text:
batho-

Etymology
From.

Prefix

 * 1) deep

Translations

 * Polish: bato-, baty-

title: batho-


text:
on the defensive

Prepositional phrase

 * 1) Prepared to defend or protect against criticism, attack or aggression.
 * 2)  defending; playing a defensive game
 * 1)  defending; playing a defensive game

title: on the defensive


text:
placatingly

Adverb

 * 1) In a manner that serves to placate.

title: placatingly


text:
waspishly

Adverb

 * 1) In a waspish manner.

title: waspishly


text:
waspish

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Suggestive of the behaviour of a wasp.
 * 2)  Spiteful or irascible.

Translations

 * Finnish:

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Danish:, ,
 * Finnish:
 * French:

title: waspish


text:
salinization

Noun

 * 1) The act of salinizing, or the state of being salinized.
 * 2) The addition of salt or brine.

Translations

 * Romanian:

title: salinization


text:
sustainably

Adverb

 * 1) In a sustainable manner.

title: sustainably


text:
disproportionately

Adverb

 * 1) in a disproportionate manner

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Czech: neúměrně
 * Danish: uforholdsmæssigt, urimeligt
 * Finnish: suhteettomasti, epäsuhtaisesti
 * Hungarian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: uforholdsmessig
 * Russian:

title: disproportionately


text:
overwhelmingly

Adverb

 * 1) In an overwhelming manner; very greatly or intensely.
 * 2) Mostly; predominantly; almost completely.
 * 1) Mostly; predominantly; almost completely.
 * 1) Mostly; predominantly; almost completely.
 * 1) Mostly; predominantly; almost completely.

title: overwhelmingly


text:
indignantly

Adverb

 * 1) In an indignant manner.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: närkästyneesti, tuohtuneesti
 * Italian:

title: indignantly


text:
inordinately

Adverb

 * 1) In an inordinate manner.

title: inordinately


text:
samr

Etymology
From, whence also 🇨🇬. Ultimately from, made from the root.

Adjective

 * 1) the same
 * 2) agreeing, of one mind

Determiner

 * 1) same

Declension
The determiner may be declined either strongly or weakly, but, being a determiner, this does not affect definition

title: samr


text:
seoc

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) sick
 * 2) * late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Basilius, Bishop"
 * "ang"

- He be-het þæt he wolde and se halga ge-bæd for þæt seoce cyld and him wæs sona bet.

title: seoc


text:
sioh

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) sick

title: sioh


text:
sjúkr

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬 (whence 🇨🇬), 🇨🇬 (whence 🇨🇬).

Adjective

 * 1) sick

title: sjúkr


text:
sjúkur

Etymology
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1) sick

Etymology
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1) sick, ill; in poor health
 * 2) sick, disturbed; mentally unstable
 * 3) sick, twisted; in bad taste

title: sjúkur


text:
breiðr

Etymology
From, whence also 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬), 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬), 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬, ), 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬), 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) broad

title: breiðr


text:
dauðr

Etymology 1
From, whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1)  dead

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1)  death

title: dauðr


text:
djúpr

Etymology
From.

Adjective
or

 * 1) deep

title: djúpr


text: tiuf

title: tiuf


text:
fagr

Etymology
From, whence also 🇨🇬 ( > 🇨🇬), 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Ultimately from. Non-Germanic cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Adjective
or

 * 1) beautiful, fair

title: fagr


text:
fagar

Etymology
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1) beautiful, fair

Etymology
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1) beautiful, fair

title: fagar


text:
fastr

Etymology
From ; see it for cognates and further etymology.

Adjective

 * 1) fast, firm, sticking fast to the spot
 * 2) close, close-fisted
 * 3) firm, faithful
 * 4) strong, hard

title: fastr


text:
metlobalový

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  Quidditch

title: metlobalový


text:
góðr

Etymology
From, whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Ultimately from. The comparative and superlative forms are from and  respectively, both degrees of, being ultimately from.

Adjective

 * 1) good, righteous, morally commendable
 * 2) good, honest, true
 * góðir vinir — good friends
 * 1) kind, friendly
 * góð orð — good, kind words
 * 1) good, gifted
 * gott skáld — a good poet
 * 1) goodly, fine

Usage notes

 * That the neuter form in early times was gótt and not later gott is seen from rhymes (hendings) with words like.

Declension
This word has a suppletive inflection, using another root in the comparative and superlative forms, than in the positive form.

Descendants

 * , gōþær
 * , gōþær
 * , gōþær
 * , gōþær
 * , gōþær
 * , gōþær
 * , gōþær

title: góðr


text:
guot

Adjective

 * 1)  tight
 * 2)  crowded
 * 3)  tight-fitting

Noun

 * 1) goat, she-goat

Etymology
, from, from , from.

Adjective

 * 1) good

Descendants

 * Alsatian: ,
 * Alsatian: ,

Etymology
From, from , from.

Adjective

 * 1) good

Etymology
, from, from.

Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) good

Descendants

 * Alsatian: ,
 * Alsatian: ,
 * Alsatian: ,

title: guot


text:
harðr

Etymology
From, whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Ultimately from,.

Adjective

 * 1) hard
 * 2) hard, stern, severe
 * 3) hardy

title: harðr


text:
heitr

Etymology
From, whence also Old English , Old Saxon , Old High German.

Adjective

 * 1) hot

title: heitr


text:
сшить

Verb

 * 1) to sew (transitive)
 * 2)  to order (e.g., a dress)

title: сшить


text:
hætt

Etymology
From, from , whence also 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) hat
 * 2) * late 9th century, Old English adaptation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
 * "ang"

- Rōmāne hæfdon þā nīewlīċe ġesett þæt þā þe hætt beran mōston, þonne hīe hwelċ folc oferwunnen hæfdon, þæt þā mōston ǣġðer habban ġe feorh ġe frēodōm.

title: hætt


text:
kaldr

Etymology
From, whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Ultimately from.

Adjective

 * 1) cold

title: kaldr


text:
langr

Etymology
From, whence also Old English , Old High German.

Adjective

 * 1) long, far, distant (of distance and length)
 * a long sword
 * 1) long (of space and time)
 * a long while, a long time
 * 1) long, wearisome
 * a long while, a long time
 * 1) long, wearisome
 * 1) long, wearisome

title: langr


text:
latr

Etymology
From, whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) lazy, slow

Derived terms

 * (compare Icelandic and English )

title: latr


text:
polyacetal

Noun

 * 1)  a polyether derived from an aldehyde or ketone and containing -O-R-O- groups in the main chain; especially polyoxymethylene derived from formaldehyde

title: polyacetal


text:
polyomavirus

Noun

 * 1) Any of the papovaviruses, in family, that induce a wide variety of tumours in newborn animals.

title: polyomavirus


text:
lágr

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  camp

Etymology
From, whence also Dutch. Ultimately from.

Adjective

 * 1) low
 * 2) short

title: lágr


text:
papovavirus

Noun

 * 1)  Any of the former family, now split into the  and  families, of viruses that cause papillomas or polyomas in animals.

title: papovavirus


text:
léttr

Etymology
From, whence also Old English lēoht, Old High German līhti,. Ultimately from.

Adjective

 * 1) light
 * 2) easy

Descendants

 * Norwegian: ,
 * Norwegian: ,
 * Norwegian: ,
 * Norwegian: ,

title: léttr


text: posttraumatic stress disorder

title: posttraumatic stress disorder


text:
réttr

Etymology 1
From, whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Ultimately from.

Adjective

 * 1) right

Etymology 2
From, related to Etymology 1.

Noun

 * 1) law
 * 2) right

title: réttr


text:
potentiometer

Noun

 * 1)  A user-adjustable three-terminal variable resistor that can be used as a voltage divider.
 * 2)  An instrument that measures a voltage by opposing it with a precise fraction of a known voltage, and without drawing current from the unknown source.

Translations
Mandarin:
 * Arabic: مقياس الجهد الانزلاقي
 * Chinese:
 * Czech: potenciometr
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:, ρυθμιστής τάσης
 * Hebrew:, פוטנציומטר
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ポテンショメータ
 * Korean: 가변저항
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian: потенциометар
 * Spanish: potenciómetro
 * Thai:
 * Vietnamese: ,

 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 電位差計
 * Malay: potensiometer

 * Irish:

title: potentiometer


text:
saðr

Etymology 1
From, present participle of. The change -nnr > -ðr is regular. Compare with.

Adjective

 * 1) true
 * 2) meet, proper
 * 3)  convicted of, guilty of

Etymology 2
From, whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Ultimately from.

Adjective

 * 1) sated

title: saðr


text:
sæti

Etymology 1
From, from. Compare the English.

Noun

 * 1) seat, a place to sit
 * 2) a place or position on a list
 * 3) haystack
 * 1) haystack
 * 1) haystack

Adjective

 * 1) the singular nominative masculine weak declension form of

Etymology
From, ultimately from.

Noun

 * a
 * a

title: sæti


text:
希望小學

Noun

 * 1) private elementary schools in poor areas of Mainland China, funded by charitable organizations and PRC government.

title: 希望小學


text: 希望小学

title: 希望小学


text:
Paradiso

Proper noun

 * 1) Paradise

title: Paradiso


text:
Paradiso terrestre

Proper noun

 * 1) the Garden of Eden

title: Paradiso terrestre


text:
paradiso

Etymology
From, from , from , ultimately from. .

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) paradise
 * 2)  heaven, paradise

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) paradise

title: paradiso


text:
paradiso fiscale

Noun

 * 1) tax haven

title: paradiso fiscale


text:
弄巧成拙

Idiom

 * 1) to bungle an ingenious scheme

title: 弄巧成拙


text:
permanente

Adverb

 * 1) permanently

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) permanent

Noun

 * 1) perm

Adjective

 * 1) permanent

Noun

 * 1) permanent wave, perm

Etymology
From, present participle of.

Adjective

 * 1)  permanent (without end)
 * 2) permanent (lasting for an indefinitely long time)
 * 1) permanent (lasting for an indefinitely long time)
 * 1) permanent (lasting for an indefinitely long time)

Synonyms

 * See Thesaurus:duradouro

Antonyms

 * See Thesaurus:duradouro

Noun

 * 1) permanent hair straightening

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) permanent

Noun

 * 1) perm, permanent wave, permanent
 * 2) permanent marker

title: permanente


text:
sihþ

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) sight (ability to see)
 * 2) something seen, a sight

title: sihþ


text:
imbarcadero

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) landing
 * 2) landing stage, jetty

title: imbarcadero


text:
pontile

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1)  Of or relating to the pons.

Noun

 * 1) jetty
 * 2)  rood screen

title: pontile


text:
singan

Etymology
From, from , from.

Verb

 * 1) to sing

Etymology
From, from , from.

Verb

 * 1) to sing, chant

Etymology
From, from , from.

Verb

 * 1) to sing

Etymology
From, from , from.

Verb

 * 1) to sing

title: singan


text:
弄假成真

Idiom

 * 1) to turn simulation into reality unintentionally; fantasy becomes reality

title: 弄假成真


text:
sixtig

Etymology
From.

Numeral

 * 1)  sixty

title: sixtig


text:
mide

Noun

 * 1) member of the Midewiwin (Grand Medicine Society)

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) middle, centre

Etymology
From, from ,.

Noun

 * 1) stomach

title: mide


text:
fiftig

Etymology
From.

Numeral

 * 1)  fifty

Etymology
From.

Numeral

 * 1) fifty

title: fiftig


text:
poveri

Noun

 * 1) the poor
 * 1) the poor

title: poveri


text:
þritig

Numeral

 * 1)  thirty

title: þritig


text:
slæp

Etymology
From.

Cognate with 🇨🇬, (🇨🇬), 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬),  🇨🇬 (🇨🇬).

Noun

 * 1) sleep
 * 2) * c. 992, Ælfric, "The Nativity of St. Clement the Martyr"
 * "ang"

- Þæt cild þære meder geandwyrde, "Modor min, nyste ic hú ðyses geares ymryne geendode, forðan ðe ic softum slǣpe me gereste, swa swa ðu me forlete, oð þæt þu eft me nu awrehtest."

title: slæp


text:
slaf

Etymology 1
From, related to , whence also 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) slack

Etymology 2
From, from , whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) sleep
 * 2) sleepiness

Etymology
, from. .

Noun

 * 1)  bunk place to sleep

Noun

 * 1) slavery

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) slave, drudge

title: slaf


text:
Schlaf

Etymology
From, from , from.

Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) sleep (condition of reduced consciousness)
 * 2) sleep (dried mucus in the corner of the eyes)
 * 3)  temple (anatomy)

title: Schlaf


text:
slidan

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to slide

title: slidan


text:
இந்து மகாசமுத்திரம்

Noun

 * 1) Indian Ocean

title: இந்து மகாசமுத்திரம்


text:
sloh

Etymology 1
, cognate with.

Noun

 * 1) style

Etymology
From, of unknown ultimate origin. Related to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) slough
 * 2) mud

title: sloh


text:
smæl

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) narrow, slim; not broad
 * 2) slender; not thick
 * 3) fine; not coarse
 * 4) small; not large
 * 5) quiet; not loud

title: smæl


text:
solfifero

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) sulfurous (containing sulfur)
 * 2)  sulfur / sulphur

title: solfifero


text:
smeþe

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) smooth

title: smeþe


text:
smitan

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to daub, smear, pollute, infect
 * 2) to smite

Related terms

 * (unattested present participle, see 🇨🇬)
 * (unattested present participle, see 🇨🇬)
 * (unattested present participle, see 🇨🇬)
 * (unattested present participle, see 🇨🇬)
 * (unattested present participle, see 🇨🇬)

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to smite

Noun

 * 1)  smith

title: smitan


text:
solfitare

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to sulfate (to treat must etc. with sulfur dioxide)

title: solfitare


text:
smiþ

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) smith

title: smiþ


text:
smiðr

Etymology
From, whence also Old English smiþ, Old High German smid.

Noun

 * 1) smith, a craftsman

title: smiðr


text:
solfito

Noun

 * 1) sulfite

title: solfito


text:
Reconstruction:Old English/smeortan

Etymology
From, from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬. More at.

Attested only indirectly in derivatives, such as ("smarting like a burn", the present participle of an otherwise unattested verb ) and.

Verb

 * 1) to smart; hurt

title: Reconstruction:Old English/smeortan


text:
solfonazione

Noun

 * 1) sulfonation

title: solfonazione


text:
sona

Etymology
From or, from.

Noun

 * 1) gold

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) a zone; a given area distinguished on the basis of a particular characteristic, use, restriction, etc.

Verb

 * 1)  to steal

Noun

 * 1) wasp

Etymology
Attested since 1708. From.

Noun

 * 1) rumor; word of mouth
 * 2) fame; reputation

Etymology
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1) happy

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) he, she, him, her, it;

Etymology
From. Related to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1) immediately, straightaway
 * 2) * late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Sebastian, Martyr"
 * "ang"

- Hwæt ða nicostratus wearð swiðe afyrht þa ða he þæt wundor ge-seah on his wife gedon and feol adune sona to sebastianes fotum...

Etymology
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1) happy, fortunate

Usage notes

 * The adjectives sona and represent a pattern in Old Irish where words in s and so represent happy, good luck, positive denotations and words in d and do represent sad, bad luck, or negative denotations.

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) he, she, him, her, it;

Etymology
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1) happy
 * 2) fortunate, lucky
 * 1) fortunate, lucky

Derived terms

 * cho sona ri bròg

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) he, she, him, her, it;

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) he, she, him, her, it;

Verb

 * 1) to atone (to make reparation for a crime or the like)
 * 2)  to pay (face consequences)

Etymology 1
From.

Verb

 * 1) to fry

Etymology 2
Maybe the same as above.

Verb

 * 1) to puncture, to pierce
 * 2) to stab

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) he, she, him, her, it;

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) he, she, him, her, it;

title: sona


text:
тиран

Etymology
, from, from.

Noun

 * 1) tyrant (also figurative)
 * 2) bully
 * 1) bully

Related terms
Adjectives Nouns Verbs

title: тиран


text:
solforato

Adjective

 * 1) sulfurated

title: solforato


text:
sulfurated

Adjective

 * 1) Treated or combined with sulfur
 * 2)  Modified by the addition of sulfide bonds

Translations

 * Italian:

title: sulfurated


text:
solforatrice

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) apparatus for applying sulfur to crops as a pesticide

title: solforatrice


text:
soþ

Etymology
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1)  true, real

Noun

 * 1)  truth
 * 2) * Maxims II, 9-10
 * "ang"

- Soð bið swicolost, sinc byð deorost, gold gumena gehwam, and gomol snoterost [...]

title: soþ


text:
solforico

Adjective

 * 1)  sulfuric

title: solforico


text:
sannr

Etymology
From, whence also 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) true

title: sannr


text:
acido solforico

Noun

 * 1)  sulfuric acid

title: acido solforico


text:
spann

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) bucket, pail

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) bucket, pail
 * 2) churn, can (for milk)
 * 3) A span or team (of horses, oxen, dogs)

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) bucket, pail
 * 2) churn, can (for milk)
 * 3) A span or team (of horses, oxen, dogs)

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬), 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬), 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬).

Noun

 * 1) span (of a hand; used as a measurement, typically considered about nine inches)

Etymology
From, from , likely from the same ultimate source as 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) bucket, pail
 * 2)  A measure of volume, corresponding to 73.28 liters.
 * 3) A set of animals which together pull a cart or a sled (or sledge), a team
 * 4) span (the distance between two supporting pillars of a bridge or the wingspan of a bird or airplane)
 * 5)  A measure of distance, corresponding to 148.4505 mm.

Declension
Definition 1 (archaic):

Definitions 1 and 2:

Definitions 3, 4 and 5:

title: spann


text:
anidride solforica

Noun

 * 1) sulfur trioxide

title: anidride solforica


text:
spannan

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to span, clasp, fasten, attach, join, link
 * 2) to join in matrimony; join in wedlock
 * 3) to harness or yoke (oxen)

title: spannan


text:
triossido di zolfo

Noun

 * 1)  sulfur trioxide

title: triossido di zolfo


text:
sparian

Etymology
From, whence also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to spare
 * 2) to save (keep or store for future use)

title: sparian


text:
solforoso

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) sulfurous (lower valency of sulfur)

title: solforoso


text:
тирания

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) tyranny

title: тирания


text:
spær

Etymology
From, from. See also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) scanty

title: spær


text:
diossido di zolfo

Noun

 * 1)  sulfur dioxide

title: diossido di zolfo


text:
spelian

Etymology 2
From.

Verb

 * 1) to substitute for, take the place of
 * 2) to stand in proxy or in the stead of another; represent
 * 3) to act as a representative

title: spelian


text:
candelotto di zolfo

Noun

 * 1) sulfur candle

title: candelotto di zolfo


text:
spere

Noun

 * 1)  The fixed structure between the great hall and the screens passage in an English medieval timber house.

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from.

Verb

 * 1)  to block, to bar

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) spear, lance
 * 2) spearman, lancer

Etymology 1
, from, from.

Noun

 * 1)  A spear or lance.
 * 2)  The Lance of Longinus.
 * 3) A barb or point.
 * 4) A spearman; a soldier who wields a spear.

Etymology 2
, from, from.

Noun

 * 1)  The cosmos, outer space
 * 2) A globe or sphere representing outer space.
 * 3)  The supposed outer sphere of the cosmos, the primum mobile.
 * 4)  sphere, ball, a spherical object.

Etymology 3
From.

Noun

 * 1)  partition, divider

Etymology
From, from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬), 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) spear, lance, pike, javelin

title: spere


text:
sulfur candle

Noun

 * 1)  A candle-shaped device that emits sulfur dioxide when burnt; used to fumigate rooms

Translations

 * Italian: candelotto di zolfo

title: sulfur candle


text: тиранов

title: тиранов


text:
candelotto

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) a short candle, or candle-shaped object

title: candelotto


text:
inkstone

Noun

 * 1) A stone mortar used for the grinding and containment of ink in the East Asian art and calligraphy tradition.

Translations

 * Arabic: حَجَر حَبْر
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Finnish: mustekivi
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Portuguese: pedra de tinta
 * Thai: จานฝนหมึก
 * Vietnamese:, nghiên mực
 * Yonaguni: 硯

title: inkstone


text:
Lebenslauf

Etymology
From, a. Similar to 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) curriculum vitae, résumé

title: Lebenslauf


text:
odeon

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) An ancient Greek or Roman building used for performances of music and poetry.
 * 2) A theatre or concert hall.
 * 1) A theatre or concert hall.
 * 1) A theatre or concert hall.
 * 1) A theatre or concert hall.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: одеон
 * Catalan: odèon
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Portuguese: ,

 * Bulgarian: концертна зала
 * Finnish: konserttitalo
 * Portuguese: ,

Etymology
.

title: odeon


text:
odeum

Etymology
Partly from and partly from.

title: odeum


text:
oddment

Noun

 * 1) A part of something that is left over, such as a piece of cloth.
 * 2) * 1926,, , Chapter6, in The Complete Ronald Firbank, Norfolk, CT: J. Laughlin, p.667,
 * ‘Ps! ps!’ she purred, feeling amorously for her scissors beneath the sumptuous oddments of old church velvet and brocade that she loved to ruffle and ruck.
 * 1) Something that does not match the things it is with or cannot easily be categorized; a miscellaneous item.
 * 2)  An item that was originally part of a set but is sold individually; an excess item of stock.
 * 3)  A part of a book that is not a portion of the text, such as the title, index, etc. (usually plural).
 * 4) A person who does not fit in with others or is considered to be strange in some way.
 * 5) A varied collection (of items).
 * 6) * 1862, (as Cuthbert Bede), “The Agreeable Monk” in The Curate of Cranston; with Other Prose and Verse, London: Saunders, Otley, p.281,
 * there are two or three tables, where are newspapers, and some of the latest periodicals and reviews, and a miscellaneous oddment of the current sacred and profane literature, stacked for convenience of reference
 * 1) A remaining number or amount (after a calculation).
 * 2) * 1877, Robert Roberts (ed.), The Apophthegmes of Erasmus Translated into English by Nicolas Udall, Boston, Lincolnshire: Robert Roberts, Appendix, p.459,
 * When they went to market, a basket of eggs was one of their most frequent charges, and in making their purchases at various shops the tradesman would often be asked “to take eggs for money” to a certain extent; especially when the sum to pay left an “oddment,” such as 4d. or 8d.
 * 1) Something strange or unusual.
 * 1)  A part of a book that is not a portion of the text, such as the title, index, etc. (usually plural).
 * 2) A person who does not fit in with others or is considered to be strange in some way.
 * 3) A varied collection (of items).
 * 4) * 1862, (as Cuthbert Bede), “The Agreeable Monk” in The Curate of Cranston; with Other Prose and Verse, London: Saunders, Otley, p.281,
 * there are two or three tables, where are newspapers, and some of the latest periodicals and reviews, and a miscellaneous oddment of the current sacred and profane literature, stacked for convenience of reference
 * 1) A remaining number or amount (after a calculation).
 * 2) * 1877, Robert Roberts (ed.), The Apophthegmes of Erasmus Translated into English by Nicolas Udall, Boston, Lincolnshire: Robert Roberts, Appendix, p.459,
 * When they went to market, a basket of eggs was one of their most frequent charges, and in making their purchases at various shops the tradesman would often be asked “to take eggs for money” to a certain extent; especially when the sum to pay left an “oddment,” such as 4d. or 8d.
 * 1) Something strange or unusual.
 * 1) * 1862, (as Cuthbert Bede), “The Agreeable Monk” in The Curate of Cranston; with Other Prose and Verse, London: Saunders, Otley, p.281,
 * there are two or three tables, where are newspapers, and some of the latest periodicals and reviews, and a miscellaneous oddment of the current sacred and profane literature, stacked for convenience of reference
 * 1) A remaining number or amount (after a calculation).
 * 2) * 1877, Robert Roberts (ed.), The Apophthegmes of Erasmus Translated into English by Nicolas Udall, Boston, Lincolnshire: Robert Roberts, Appendix, p.459,
 * When they went to market, a basket of eggs was one of their most frequent charges, and in making their purchases at various shops the tradesman would often be asked “to take eggs for money” to a certain extent; especially when the sum to pay left an “oddment,” such as 4d. or 8d.
 * 1) Something strange or unusual.
 * 1) * 1877, Robert Roberts (ed.), The Apophthegmes of Erasmus Translated into English by Nicolas Udall, Boston, Lincolnshire: Robert Roberts, Appendix, p.459,
 * When they went to market, a basket of eggs was one of their most frequent charges, and in making their purchases at various shops the tradesman would often be asked “to take eggs for money” to a certain extent; especially when the sum to pay left an “oddment,” such as 4d. or 8d.
 * 1) Something strange or unusual.
 * 1) Something strange or unusual.
 * 1) Something strange or unusual.
 * 1) Something strange or unusual.
 * 1) Something strange or unusual.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Maori: mōmōhanga

title: oddment


text:
planarian

Etymology
From (from, from ).

Noun

 * 1) Any of various flatworms of the order Tricladida living in marine, freshwater, or terrestrial environments.

Translations

 * French:
 * German: Planarie
 * Japanese: プラナリア
 * Portuguese: planária
 * Spanish: planaria
 * Thai: พลานาเรีย

title: planarian


text:
User talk:Ronja Addams-Moring

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wiktionary. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * Wiktionary Tutorial
 * Community Portal
 * Entry layout explained
 * Criteria for inclusion
 * FAQ
 * How to edit a page
 * How to start a page
 * Wiktionary Sandbox (a safe place for testing syntax)

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wiktionarian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk (discussion) and vote pages using four tildes, like this: ~~~~, which automatically produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the beer parlour or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! — Vildricianus 12:18, 15 June 2006 (UTC)

exchanging
I have formatted this entry for you. Our formats were described in those welcome links. SemperBlotto 07:34, 16 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Thanks for cleaning the egg off my face :-) I did browse all the Welcome pages, tried the sandbox and wrote my own page first. Then I read the format page fairly well, and I even found and studied the part pres template, but I could not quite figure out how to copy a template as a base for a new page. And the gerund I had no idea of - formal grammar is not my strength. So thanks again. --Ronja Addams-Moring 08:02, 16 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Hint: Type "exchanges" in the search box (in the left-most column) and press "[Go]". This will present a table of available preload templates...    use the word's ending to figure out which one to select (in this case, "3rd person".)  --Connel MacKenzie T C 08:08, 16 June 2006 (UTC)

 * YESSS! That was the functionality I tried to find! Thank you, Connel, this will be very useful in the future. Where in the Welcome pages was this trick explained? Must have missed it... --Ronja Addams-Moring 08:30, 16 June 2006 (UTC)

 * It is a pretty new feature that hasn't been documented properly yet. Some of the preload templates need improvement still.  And they may all be replaced soon (next month) by Something Better still...stay tuned.  --Connel MacKenzie T C 08:33, 16 June 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ronja Addams-Moring


text:
wha

Noun

 * 1) marten

Etymology
From, northern variant of , from , from. See 🇨🇬.

Pronoun

 * 1) who

title: wha