text:
customer

Etymology
From, , from , (compare modern French ), from , from , from. More at. .

Noun

 * 1)  A habitual patron, regular purchaser, returning client; one who has a custom of buying from a particular business.
 * 2) A patron, a client; one who purchases or receives a product or service from a business or merchant, or intends to do so.
 * Every person who passes by is a potential customer.
 * 1)  A person, especially one engaging in some sort of interaction with others.
 * a cool customer, a tough customer, an ugly customer
 * 1)  A native official who exacted customs duties.
 * 2) * 1609, Danvers, Letters, i. 25; and comp. Foster, ibid. ii. 225
 * His houses are seized on by the Customer.
 * 1) * 1682, Hedges, Diary [Hak. Soc. i. 33]
 * The several affronts, insolences, and abuses dayly put upon us by Boolchund, our chief Customer
 * 1) * 1682, Hedges, Diary [Hak. Soc. i. 33]
 * The several affronts, insolences, and abuses dayly put upon us by Boolchund, our chief Customer
 * The several affronts, insolences, and abuses dayly put upon us by Boolchund, our chief Customer

Translations

 * French: ,
 * Italian: ,

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: زَبُون, عَمِيل
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Basque: bezero
 * Belarusian: кліе́нт, кліе́нтка, зака́зчык, зака́зчыца
 * Bengali: খরিদ্দার
 * Bulgarian:, клие́нтка, , мющери́йка, купува́ч, купува́чка, постоянен посетител
 * Burmese:, , ဝယ်သူ
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:, klientka, , zákaznice
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: kliento
 * Estonian:
 * Faroese: kundi
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician: ,
 * Georgian: მყიდველი, კლიენტი
 * German:, ,
 * Greek:, ,
 * Ancient: ὠνητής
 * Hebrew:, לקוחה
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:, , , ,
 * Icelandic: viðskiptavinur, kaupandi, skiptavinur, kúnni
 * Ido:
 * Irish: custaiméir
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, お客さん, ,
 * Kazakh: клиент
 * Khmer: អតិថិជន
 * Korean:, , , , 고객님
 * Kyrgyz: клиент
 * Ladino: mushteri
 * Lao:
 * Latin:
 * Latvian: klients
 * Lithuanian:
 * Macedonian: купувач, купувачка, муштерија, муштерика, клие́нт, клие́нтка
 * Malay:
 * Maltese:
 * Maori: apataki, kiritaki
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Occitan:
 * Old English:
 * Pashto: مشتري
 * Persian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:, freguesa,
 * Romanian:, ,
 * Russian:, , , , ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ку́пац, муштѐрија, куповац, клијѐнт, клијѐнтица
 * Roman:, , kupovac, ,
 * Slovak: klient, klientka, zákazník, zákazníčka
 * Slovene: odjemalec, odjemalka
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: kupowaŕ, kupc, kupowarka
 * Spanish:, , , vecero
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:
 * Tajik: муштарӣ, мизоҷ
 * Thai:
 * Turkish: ,
 * Turkmen: müşderi
 * Ukrainian:, кліє́нтка, замо́вник, замо́вниця, покупе́ць
 * Urdu: مُشْتَری
 * Uzbek: ,
 * Vietnamese:
 * Welsh:
 * Yiddish: קליענט

title: customer


text:
insignificant

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Not significant; not important, inconsequential, or having no noticeable effect.
 * Such things are insignificant details compared to the main goal.
 * 1) Without meaning; not signifying anything.

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:insignificant

Translations

 * Arabic:
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Cherokee:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, , 無足重輕
 * Czech: nevýznamný
 * Danish:
 * Dhivehi:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:, , ,
 * French:
 * Galician: insignificante
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:, ,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Khmer: មិនសំខាន់, មិនគួរឱ្យកត់សម្គាល់
 * Korean: 하찮은
 * Latin: perexiguus
 * Maori: whetowheto, hauwarea, hanganoa
 * Mari:
 * Eastern Mari: изи
 * Mirandese:
 * Occitan: insignificant
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: nesemnificant, ,
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian: безначајан,
 * Spanish:, , desestimable
 * Swedish: ,
 * Turkish:, , ,
 * Ukrainian: незначни́й

Adjective

 * 1)  not important

Adjective

 * 1)  not important

Etymology
.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: insignificant


text: boundaries

title: boundaries


text:
restrict

Etymology
Borrowed from, perfect passive participle of , from +. as an adjective.

Verb

 * 1) To restrain within boundaries; to limit; to confine
 * 2)  To consider (a function) as defined on a subset of its original domain.
 * If we restrict sine to $$\left[-\frac\pi2,\frac\pi2\right]$$, we can define its inverse.
 * 1)  To consider (a function) as defined on a subset of its original domain.
 * If we restrict sine to $$\left[-\frac\pi2,\frac\pi2\right]$$, we can define its inverse.

Translations

 * Arabic:, حَدَّدَ
 * Asturian: restrinxir
 * Belarusian: абмяжо́ўваць, абмежава́ць
 * Bulgarian:, огранича́
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech: ,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:, pysyä jossakin
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * German: ,
 * Hebrew: הִגְבִּיל
 * Hungarian:, , ,
 * Irish: teorannaigh
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Macedonian: ограничува, ограничи
 * Maori: whakatina, aukati, rāhui, hamaruru, nati
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: огранича́вати, огра̀ничити
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovak: obmedzovať, obmedziť, ohraničovať, ohraničiť
 * Slovene: omejevati, omejiti
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish: ,
 * Turkish: ,
 * Ukrainian: обме́жувати, обмежо́вувати, обме́жити, омежува́ти
 * Vietnamese: (限制)

Adjective

 * 1)  Restricted.

title: restrict


text:
efficient

Etymology
1398, “making,” from, from , nominative , participle of (see ). Meaning “productive, skilled” is from 1787. Efficiency apartment is first recorded 1930, American English.

Adjective

 * 1) making good, thorough, or careful use of resources; not consuming extra. Especially, making good use of time or energy
 * 2) expressing the proportion of consumed energy that was successfully used in a process; the ratio of useful output to total input
 * 3) causing effects, producing results; bringing into being; initiating change (rare except in philosophical and legal expression efficient cause = causative factor or agent)
 * 4)  effective, efficacious
 * 1) expressing the proportion of consumed energy that was successfully used in a process; the ratio of useful output to total input
 * 2) causing effects, producing results; bringing into being; initiating change (rare except in philosophical and legal expression efficient cause = causative factor or agent)
 * 3)  effective, efficacious
 * 1)  effective, efficacious
 * 1)  effective, efficacious
 * 1)  effective, efficacious

Usage notes
Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary from 1913 still lists and  as synonyms, but all major dictionaries now show that these words now only have different meanings in careful use. Use of both for the other meaning is however widespread enough that Longman's Exam Dictionary, for example, finds it necessary to proscribe the use of one for the other with several examples at each entry and provides the following summary:

Translations

 * Belarusian: эфекты́ўны
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 高效率
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, säästäväinen ja tehokas, taloudellinen ja tehokas
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: δραστικός
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic: skilvirkur, nýtinn
 * Ido:
 * Irish: éifeachtúil, éifeachtach, feidhmiúil
 * Italian: ,
 * Korean: 효율적-인
 * Latin: efficiens
 * Malay:, efisien
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: èifeachdach
 * Spanish: ,
 * Tagalog: episyente
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: ефекти́вний

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Irish: éifeachtúil
 * Italian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Scottish Gaelic: èifeachdach
 * Tagalog: episyente

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * Irish: éifeachtúil
 * Portuguese:
 * Sanskrit:
 * Spanish:

Noun

 * 1)  a cause; something that causes an effect

Derived terms

 * Pareto efficient

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) effective
 * 1) effective

title: efficient


text:
exalt

Etymology
From, from , from.

Verb

 * 1)  To honor; to hold in high esteem.
 * They exalted their queen.
 * 1)  To raise in rank, status etc., to elevate.
 * The man was exalted from a humble carpenter to a minister.
 * 1)  To elate, or fill with the joy of success.
 * 2)  To refine or subtilize.

Usage notes
Do not confuse (praise)  with  (rejoice)  – "Some people exult when others exalt their achievements."

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ὑψόω
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Latin: extollō
 * Mbyá Guaraní: mboyvate
 * Persian:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Spanish:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ὑψόω
 * Irish: ardaigh
 * Japanese:, , ,
 * Latin: extollō
 * Mbyá Guaraní: mboyvate
 * Old English: āhebban
 * Persian: تعالی بخشیدن
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian: ,
 * Spanish:

 * Italian:
 * Spanish:

title: exalt


text:
conflicted

Adjective

 * 1)  In a state of personal or emotional conflict.
 * 2) Having a conflict of interest.
 * 1) Having a conflict of interest.
 * 1) Having a conflict of interest.

title: conflicted


text:
yours sincerely

Translations

 * Arabic: اَلْمُخْلِص
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, , , 真摯地
 * Danish: med venlig hilsen
 * Dutch:, met vriendelijke groet
 * Finnish: ystävällisin terveisin,, parhain terveisin
 * French: sincères salutations, fidèlement votre
 * Galician: atentamente
 * Georgian: პატივისცემით, ღრმა პატივისცემით
 * German:, mit freundlichen Grüßen, Ihr ergebener, viele liebe Grüße
 * Hebrew: בְּכָבוֹד רַב
 * Hungarian: kiváló tisztelettel, maradok őszinte híve, őszinte híve,, szívélyes üdvözlettel, üdvözlettel
 * Irish: is mise le meas
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Korean: 올림, 드림
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: Al dumneavoastră
 * Russian:, и́скренне ваш
 * Scots: aefauldy
 * Scottish Gaelic: is mise le meas
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: lubos na sumasainyo, sumasainyo, sumasaiyo, matapat na sumasainyo
 * Thai: ขอแสดงความนับถือ
 * Vietnamese:
 * Welsh: yn gywir

title: yours sincerely


text:
yours faithfully

Usage notes
In the United States, this is rarely used, nor is the reverse faithfully yours much used.

Translations

 * Arabic: تفضلوا بقبول فائق الاحترام
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: s pozdravem
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, , ystävällisin terveisin, parhain terveisin
 * French: fidèlement votre, sincères salutations, Je vous prie d'agréer, Mesdames, Messieurs, l'assurance de ma considération distinguée
 * Galician: atentamente
 * Georgian: პატივისცემით
 * German:
 * Hungarian: maradok őszinte híve, őszinte híve, kiváló tisztelettel,  szívélyes üdvözlettel
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Polish:
 * Romanian: Al dumneavoastră
 * Russian:, с глубо́ким уваже́нием
 * Scottish Gaelic: is mise gu dìleas
 * Tagalog: lubos na sumasainyo, sumasainyo

title: yours faithfully


text:
Talk:yours sincerely

Isn't it usually just "Sincerely,"? I'm not sure I've ever seen "Yours sincerely,". --Connel MacKenzie 07:34, 14 May 2005 (UTC)
 * These days, in the U.S., at least, it certainly is usually just "Sincerely", but it certainly does exist as "Yours sincerely". It's a little more formal and/or old-fashioned, though. —Dvortygirl 07:38, 14 May 2005 (UTC)
 * It is perfectly normal in British English. You sometimes see "sincerely yours", but just "sincerely" is quite rare. SemperBlotto 09:52, 14 May 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:yours sincerely


text:
respects

Noun

 * 1)  regards or respect expressed for a deceased person, usually at the same time as offering condolences to other mourners.
 * Please come to the funeral service and pay your last respects to her grandmother.
 * Please come to the funeral service and pay your last respects to her grandmother.

title: respects


text:
formic acid

Noun

 * 1)  The simplest carboxylic acid, HCOOH, a colourless, corrosive liquid with a sharp odour systematically known as methanoic acid; it is present in the stings of ants, bees and nettles, and is prepared industrially by the oxidation of methanol or formaldehyde; it has some industrial uses, and its esters, the formates are used in perfumes.

Translations

 * Arabic: حمض الفورميك
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 甲酸, 蟻酸
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech: kyselina mravenčí
 * Danish: methansyre,
 * Dutch:, methaanzuur
 * Faroese: meyrusýra
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Georgian: ჭიანჭველამჟავა
 * German:
 * Greek: μυρμηκικό οξύ
 * Gujarati: પિપીલિકામ્લ
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: maurasýra
 * Irish: aigéad formach
 * Japanese:
 * Latvian:
 * Macedonian: мравја киселина
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: шоргоолжны хүчил, шургуулжны хүчил
 * Mongolian: ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠣᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ
 * Norwegian: maursyre
 * Persian: فرمیک اسید, جوهر مورچه
 * Portuguese: ácido fórmico
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian: mravlja kiselina
 * Spanish: ácido fórmico
 * Swedish:
 * Thai: กรดฟอร์มิก, กรดมด
 * Turkish:
 * Welsh: asid fformig, asid methanöig

title: formic acid


text:
formate

Noun

 * 1)  Any salt or ester of formic acid.

Translations

 * Czech:
 * Finnish:
 * Japanese: 蟻酸塩
 * Polish: mrówczan

Etymology 2
Back-formation from.

Verb

 * 1)  To assemble flying aircraft into formation; to fly in formation.

title: formate


text:
взять

Etymology
..

Verb

 * 1) to take
 * , Mark 3.21:
 * 1) * "ru"

- И, услышав, ближние Его пошли взять Его, ибо говорили, что Он вышел из себя.

title: взять


text:
vas

Etymology
Borrowed from, from 1645–1655. .

Noun

 * 1)  A vessel or duct transporting any bodily fluid, such as blood, lymph, chyle, or semen.
 * 2)  The vas deferens.

Etymology
From, from , from , from.

Adjective

 * 1) firm, tight

Etymology
From. Compare Daco-🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) vessel
 * 2) kitchenware
 * 3) bowl, basin
 * 4) receptacle, container, jar

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  seeds used as food

Etymology 1
, from, variant of.

Noun

 * 1) glass a drinking glass
 * 2) vessel
 * 1) vessel

Etymology
, from, , from.

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) iron (chemical element)

Etymology 1
From, from (Modern 🇨🇬), from. .

Noun

 * : An upright open container used mainly for displaying fresh, dried, or artificial flowers.

Etymology 2
.

Noun

 * : a vessel or duct transporting any bodily fluid, such as blood, lymph, chyle, or semen.

Etymology 1
Classical collateral form of pre-Classical, from , cognate with 🇨🇬, but further origin , with no known cognates outside of Italic.

Noun

 * 1) vessel, container, dish
 * 2) vase
 * 3) utensil, instrument
 * 4)  equipment, apparatus

Declension
In the singular this noun is third declension but in the plural it is second declension.

Descendants
See also for more descendants.

 * Borrowings

Unsorted borrowings

Etymology 2
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) bail, surety

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) cow

Noun

 * 1) nonsense, rubbish

Etymology
From, from ,. Evolved to younger variant. Compare,.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) village

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) vessel (including blood vessels), general term for receptacle or container (such as a bowl, basin, dish, bucket, etc.)
 * 2) watercraft
 * 3) cask
 * 4) dish specific type of food
 * 5)  dishes tableware to be washed
 * 1)  dishes tableware to be washed

Pronoun

 * 1) of you
 * 2) you

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) cow

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) village (a rural settlement that is smaller than a  (a town/city))

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) vase

title: vas


text:
крава

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) cow

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) cow

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) cow mammal

title: крава


text:
cool as a cucumber

Etymology
First use appears c. 1722 in a translation of . See cite below.

Adjective

 * 1)  Calm and composed even in difficult or frustrating situations; self-possessed.
 * Even during the elections, Josh was as cool as a cucumber.
 * 1) * 1731, Jonathan Swift, Alexander Pope, Miscellanies: The Last Volume
 * Pert as a Pear-Monger I'd be,
 * If Molly were but kind;
 * Cool as a Cucumber could see
 * The rest of Womankind
 * The rest of Womankind

Translations

 * Finnish: rauhallinen kuin viilipytty
 * German: kalt wie Hundeschnauze
 * Hungarian: rendíthetetlenül nyugodt, rendíthetetlen nyugalmú, csigavérű
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: споко́йный, как уда́в (lit: calm as a boa)
 * Spanish: estar más fresco que una lechuga
 * Swedish: ,

title: cool as a cucumber


text:
self-possessed

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) In full control of one's faculties, and having a firm belief in one's abilities; confident, assured and poised.

Translations

 * Macedonian: сталожен
 * Russian:, не теря́ющий самооблада́ния, владе́ющий собо́й,

title: self-possessed


text:
intoxicating

Adjective

 * 1)  Able to intoxicate; an intoxicant.
 * 2)  Very exciting and stimulating, like alcohol or some other stimulant.

Translations

 * Arabic: مُسْكِرٌ
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Irish: meisciúil
 * Maori: whakahaurangi
 * Scottish Gaelic: daorachail
 * Spanish: embriagante

 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Irish: meisciúil
 * Scottish Gaelic: daorachail

title: intoxicating


text:
Rhymes:English/əʊbeɪt

Pronunciation
-ōbāt, /-əʊbeɪt/, /-@UbeIt/

Two syllables

 * globate (one pronunciation)
 * lobate
 * probate

Three syllables

 * bilobate
 * trilobate (one pronunciation)

Four syllables

 * multilobate

title: Rhymes:English/əʊbeɪt


text:
pricker

Noun

 * 1) One who pricks.
 * 2) A tool for pricking.
 * 3) A prickle or thorn.
 * 4) Any of several American prickly woody vines of the genus ; greenbrier.
 * 5) One who spurs forward; a light-horseman.
 * 6) A priming wire; a priming needle, used in blasting and gunnery.
 * 7)  A small marlinespike used in sailmaking.
 * 1) A priming wire; a priming needle, used in blasting and gunnery.
 * 2)  A small marlinespike used in sailmaking.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:, пробой
 * Maori: oka
 * Ottoman Turkish: سوزن

title: pricker


text:
glacial acetic acid

Noun

 * 1)  Acetic acid that is at least 99.8% pure and tends to crystallize on cold days.

Translations

 * Finnish: jääetikka
 * French:
 * German:
 * Japanese: 氷酢酸
 * Swedish: isättika

title: glacial acetic acid


text: crystalize

title: crystalize


text:
glacial

Etymology
From, from , from. The sense "slow" refers to the speed of actual glaciers, typically around 1 meter per day.

Adjective

 * Of, or relating to glaciers.
 * Wang Shijin is a glacier expert and director of the Yulong Snow Mountain Glacial and Environmental Observation Research Station. [[File:Wang Shijin is a glacier expert.ogg]]
 * 1)  Very slow.
 * 2) Cold and icy.
 * 3) Having the appearance of ice.
 * 4)  Cool and unfriendly.
 * 1) Cold and icy.
 * 2) Having the appearance of ice.
 * 3)  Cool and unfriendly.
 * 1) Cold and icy.
 * 2) Having the appearance of ice.
 * 3)  Cool and unfriendly.
 * 1) Having the appearance of ice.
 * 2)  Cool and unfriendly.
 * 1)  Cool and unfriendly.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Czech: glaciální
 * Danish: glacial
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ido: ,
 * Irish: oighreach
 * Manx: rioee
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: glasial
 * Nynorsk: glasial
 * Polish: ,
 * Russian:
 * Ukrainian: льодовико́вий

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Czech: glaciální
 * Finnish:, , ,
 * German: ,
 * Ido:, ,
 * Spanish: ,

Noun

 * 1) A glacial period (colloquially known as an ice age).

Translations

 * Danish: glacialtid,
 * German:, ,
 * Spanish:, era glacial

Etymology
. Morphologically, from.

Adjective

 * 1) freezing, ice-cold, very cold
 * 2)  icy, very cold

Adjective

 * 1) frozen, at the temperature of ice
 * , pertaining to glaciers
 * 1)  frigid, chilly, not cordial
 * 1)  frigid, chilly, not cordial

Etymology
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1)  icy

Adjective

 * 1)  cold and icy
 * 2)  relating to glaciers
 * 3)  ice age
 * 4)  ; cold emotionally distant
 * 1)  ; cold emotionally distant

Etymology
, from.

Adjective

 * 1)  frigid, chilly, not cordial
 * 1)  frigid, chilly, not cordial

title: glacial


text:
pescare

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to fish
 * 2)  to get
 * 3)  to draw (cards)

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to fish

title: pescare


text:
patente

Noun

 * 1) patent

Etymology 1
From.

Adjective

 * 1) obvious

Noun

 * 1) licence/license, permit

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) patent explicit and obvious

Noun

 * 1) patent declaration issued by a government to an inventor
 * 2) rank level in an organisation, such as the military
 * 3)  toilet fixture in a bathroom

Etymology 1
From.

Adjective

 * 1) patent
 * 2) blatant, obvious
 * 3) clear, clear-cut

Noun

 * 1) patent (declaration issued by a government to an inventor)
 * 2)  the license plate of a vehicle

title: patente


text: mispronounciation

title: mispronounciation


text:
mispronunciation

Etymology
.

Pronunciation

 * , (very common but often proscribed)
 * , (very common but often proscribed)
 * , (very common but often proscribed)

Noun

 * 1)  The act of mispronouncing.
 * She found the constant mispronunciation of her name very annoying.
 * 1)  A mispronounced word or phrase.
 * His speech was full of mispronunciations.

Translations

 * French:
 * German: ,

 * French:
 * German: Aussprachefehler

title: mispronunciation


text:
mispronounce

Verb

 * 1)  To pronounce (a word, phrase, etc.) incorrectly.

Translations

 * French: mal prononcer,
 * Galician: pronunciar mal
 * German: falsch aussprechen
 * Ido:
 * Portuguese: mascavar
 * Romanian: pronunța greșit
 * Spanish: pronunciar mal

title: mispronounce


text:
fumaric acid

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  an unsaturated organic dicarboxylic acid, HOOCCH=CHCOOH, the geometric isomer of maleic acid from which it may be prepared by heating; it is found in many plants, including fungi and mosses, and is essential in the chemistry of respiration; it has a number of industrial applications, and its esters, the fumarates, are used in the treatment of psoriasis

Synonyms

 * when used as an acidity regulator
 * when used as an acidity regulator

title: fumaric acid


text:
maleic acid

Etymology
From. Related to malic acid.

Noun

 * 1)  an unsaturated organic dicarboxylic acid, cis-butenedioic acid; HOOCCH=CHCOOH, the geometric isomer of fumaric acid; it is found in unripe fruit, and is used industrially in the production of polyester resins

Translations

 * Indonesian: asam maleat
 * Javanese: asem maléyat
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: малеи́новая кислота́

title: maleic acid


text:
maleate

Noun

 * 1)  any salt or ester of maleic acid

Derived terms

 * diethyl maleate

title: maleate


text:
fumarate

Noun

 * 1)  Any salt or ester of fumaric acid; they are produced in the body as part of the urea cycle.

title: fumarate


text:
ufficiale

Etymology
..

Adjective

 * 1) official

Noun

 * 1)  officer

title: ufficiale


text:
unsaturated

Adjective

 * 1)  Not saturated; capable of dissolving more of a solute at the same temperature.
 * 2)  Of a compound containing atoms sharing more than one valence bond, especially of an organic compound having one or more double bonds or triple bonds between carbon atoms.
 * 3)  Not chromatically pure; diluted.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 不飽和
 * Hokkien:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: umættet
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: kyllästämätön, alikylläinen
 * French:
 * Georgian: უჯერი, გაუჯერებელი
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Irish: neamhsháithithe
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Maori: hamanga
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: umettet
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: insaturado, no saturado
 * Swedish:
 * Welsh: annirlawn
 * Yiddish: אומגעזעטיקט

 * Catalan: insaturat
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 不飽和
 * Hokkien:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: umættet
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: tyydyttymätön
 * French:
 * Georgian: გაუჯერებელი
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: neamhsháithithe
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: umettet
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: insaturado, no saturado
 * Swedish:
 * Welsh: annirlawn
 * Yiddish: אומגעזעטיקט

 * Danish: umættet
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: alikylläinen
 * French:
 * German:
 * Irish: neamhsháithithe
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: insaturado, no saturado
 * Swedish:

title: unsaturated


text:
Talk:pesca

My hunch tells me that the Italian words have different etymologies. If verified, divide article by etym rather than by pron, pron is secondary. — Hippietrail 13:49, 14 May 2005 (UTC)
 * I can't give you a sure etymology, but I would declare you correct in your assumption. Pesca meaning peach would come from the same root, from Latin persica. The fishing sense presumably derives from piscis. Anyone want to fix that up? --Wytukaze 14:01, 14 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the great tips! I've had a go at improving the article. — Hippietrail 15:14, 14 May 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:pesca


text:
ufficio

Etymology 1
From earlier, borrowed from , derived from , ultimately from the root. .

Noun

 * 1)  moral duty
 * 2)  task, duty
 * 3)  beneficial intervention
 * 4) office
 * 1) office

title: ufficio


text:
unsaturated fat

Noun

 * 1) A fat or oil, from either animal or vegetable sources, containing a high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids; will typically be liquid at room temperature; a diet high in unsaturated rather than saturated fats is thought to contribute to lower levels of cholesterol in the blood.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 不飽和脂肪
 * Finnish: tyydyttymätön rasva, tyydyttämätön rasva
 * Irish: saill neamhsháithithe
 * Macedonian: незаси́тена ма́ст, незаси́тени ма́сти
 * Malay: lemak tidak tepu
 * Maori: ngako hamanga
 * Russian: ненасы́щенный жир
 * Swedish: omättat fett
 * Thai: ไขมันไม่อิ่มตัว
 * Vietnamese: chất béo không bão hòa

title: unsaturated fat


text:
Talk:spurt

Possible etymology
Etymonline suggests it is a variant of spirt, and perhaps cognate with Middle High German spürzen and sprützen. Sprützen is a cognate of sprout, which is from the PIE root of *sper-, and all derivatives have the sense of something spreading out. (spread itself is derived from this.) Perhaps it derives directly from sprutan (antecendent of sprout) via metathesis (metathesis). --Wytukaze 14:27, 14 May 2005 (UTC)

Odd occurrence in Dickens' "Little Dorrit"
"He spurted it [a piece of paper] into Mr Flintwinch's face when the old man advanced to take it." Equinox ◑ 11:49, 3 October 2015 (UTC)

RFV discussion: January 2021
"(slang) Ejaculation of semen." Needs to be somehow evidenced as a distinct slang word, not the same as the more general "brief gush of liquid". Equinox ◑ 00:43, 5 January 2021 (UTC)
 * It seems like it can also refer to the semen itself, even after it has stopped being "spurted", see #2, 3 below.

__Gamren (talk) 18:38, 10 January 2021 (UTC)
 * 1) * 1971, Shane Lansing, Hard, Hot Hard-hat
 * ... he raced up and down my cock, was seemingly determined to blast the back end out of his throat with my  spurt.
 * 1) * 1997, Cecilia Tan, Sexmagick: Women Conjuring Erotic Fantasy
 * I remember how his hands inflamed me, how his hot cock drove into me from behind , and his spurt left me warm and wet and open.
 * 1) * 2019, R.W. Clinger, Stockton County Cowboys Box Set, JMS Books LLC (ISBN 9781634868938)
 * Clean all your spurt off me, man.” And so I did.

RFV-passed Kiwima (talk) 18:59, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:spurt


text:
Talk:spunk

Possible etymology
Etymonline has the shaky theory that it derives (via Scots) from Scots Gaelic spong, meaning tinder, pith or sponge, from Latin spongia. Apparently it originally meant spark, and the modern senses developed later. (I'm not entirely sure how the ejaculate sense would fit in here). Further strength is given by the fact that Irish sponnc, a cognate with spong, means everything that the English word now does, perhaps excluding the semen, again. --Wytukaze 14:33, 14 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Merriam-Webster Online gives a similar etymology. I'd say the lexicographers and etymologists are better able to judge whether the theory is shaky than you or I. (mumbles something about original research under his breath...) — hippietrail 13:33, 19 December 2008 (UTC)

 * Random-House gives a more solid etymology, as an alteration (influence by spark) of now obsoloete funk meaning "spark", which meets both the phonological and semantic requirements--it is less of a leap in sense from that of tinder to the actual spark itself. Leasnam 17:00, 4 June 2010 (UTC)

Slang Usage
Admittedly, I don't know how widespread the usage is, but where I'm from (the Toronto area of Ontario, Canada) I'm fairly confident I could talk to anyone (of the right age) and they would know spunk is semen. So I'm wondering if this is common enough to have it added that it's Canadian slang as well. Something to consider. --24.150.27.219 04:05, 18 March 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:spunk


text:
unico

Etymology
From, from ; see also.

Adjective

 * 1) only, sole, one, single
 * 2) unique, unparalleled, unequalled
 * 1) unique, unparalleled, unequalled

Noun

 * 1) only person, only one

title: unico


text:
suum cuique

Phrase

 * 1)  to each according to its own merits; to each his own

title: suum cuique


text:
Talk:shag

Possible etymology
For the sexual intercourse sense, perhaps it derives from the obsolete meaning of shake or wiggle, which looks connected to shake itself. Look, we even have a quote of the shake sense (from etymonline):
 * "And þe boot, amydde þe water, was shaggid." [Wyclif]
 * (And the boat, amid (in) the water, was shaken.)

--Wytukaze 14:39, 14 May 2005 (UTC)

In modern day english shag is probably used more to refer to sexual intercourse than any of the listed definitions. And yet that definition of shag has been deleted. The Oxford Dictionary is more progressive than Wiktionary.

Sex citation is potentially confusing
The definition is "have sex with" but the book says "shag ourselves silly": however, that doesn't mean "have sex with ourselves"; it's more like "eat ourselves sick". Equinox ◑ 14:40, 21 March 2019 (UTC)
 * I've moved it to intransitive, and added a citation where it's clearly used transitively. –Jberkel 08:16, 13 July 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:shag


text:
saturated fat

Noun

 * 1) A fat or oil, from either animal or vegetable sources, containing a high proportion of saturated fatty acids; will typically be solid at room temperature; a diet high in saturated rather than unsaturated fats is thought to contribute to higher levels of cholesterol in the blood.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish: tyydyttynyt rasva
 * Georgian: ნაჯერი ცხიმი, გაჯერებული ცხიმი
 * Irish: saill sháithithe
 * Malay: lemak tertepu
 * Maori: ngako kōhura
 * Russian: насы́щенный жир
 * Swedish: mättat fett
 * Thai: ไขมันอิ่มตัว

title: saturated fat


text:
unità

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) unity
 * 2) unit

Noun

 * 1) unity

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) unit

Noun

 * 1) unity

title: unità


text:
polyunsaturated fat

Noun

 * 1)  A fat or oil, almost exclusively from vegetable sources, containing a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 多元不飽和脂肪
 * Dutch: meervoudig onverzadigde vetzuur
 * Finnish: monityydyttymätön rasva
 * French: graisse polyinsaturée
 * Georgian: პოლიუჯერი ცხიმი
 * Irish: saill il-neamhsháithithe
 * Macedonian: полинезаситена маст
 * Polish: tłuszcz wielonienasycony
 * Russian: полиненасы́щенный жир
 * Swedish: fleromättat fett
 * Welsh: braster amlannirlawn

title: polyunsaturated fat


text:
Talk:viscus

"Viscera" seems to have taken on mass noun characteristics, much like has happened to "data", possibly in analogy to "guts". — Hippietrail 14:42, 14 May 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:viscus


text:
saturated fatty acid

Noun

 * 1)  A fatty acid, such as stearic acid, that contains no carbon to carbon double bonds.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 飽和脂肪酸
 * Hokkien: 飽和脂肪酸
 * Mandarin:
 * Hungarian: telített zsírsav
 * Japanese: 飽和脂肪酸
 * Korean: 포화 지방산(飽和脂肪酸)
 * Thai: กรดไขมันอิ่มตัว
 * Vietnamese: axit béo no, axit béo bão hòa

title: saturated fatty acid


text:
unsaturated fatty acid

Noun

 * 1)  A fatty acid, such as oleic acid, that contains at least one carbon to carbon double bond.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 不飽和脂肪酸
 * Hokkien: 不飽和脂肪酸
 * Mandarin: 不飽和脂肪酸
 * Hungarian: telítetlen zsírsav
 * Irish: aigéad sailleach neamhsháithithe
 * Japanese: 不飽和脂肪酸
 * Korean: 불포화 지방산(不飽和脂肪酸)
 * Thai: กรดไขมันไม่อิ่มตัว
 * Vietnamese: axit béo chưa bão hòa, axit béo không bão hòa

title: unsaturated fatty acid


text:
polyunsaturated fatty acid

Noun

 * 1)  A fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid, that contains two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds

Translations

 * Dutch: meervoudig onverzadigde vetzuren
 * Finnish: monityydyttymätön rasvahappo
 * French: acide gras polyinsaturé
 * Irish: aigéad sailleach polai-neamhsháithithe
 * Polish: wielonienasycony kwas tłuszczowy
 * Vietnamese: axit béo không no nhiều nối đôi, đa axit béo không bão hòa nhiều nối đôi

title: polyunsaturated fatty acid


text:
cholesterol

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  A sterol lipid synthesized by the liver and transported in the bloodstream to the membranes of all animal cells; it plays a central role in many biochemical processes and, as a lipoprotein that coats the walls of blood vessels, is associated with cardiovascular disease.
 * 2) The level of cholesterol in the body.

Translations

 * Arabic: كُولِسْتِرُول
 * Belarusian: халестэры́н
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: cholesterol
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: kolesterolo, ĥolesterolo
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: ქოლესტერინი, ქოლესტეროლი
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Hawaiian: naʻokoko
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Interlingua: cholesterol
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Khmer: កូលេស្តេរ៉ុល
 * Latin: cholestērolum
 * Latvian: holesterīns
 * Maori: ngakototo
 * Navajo: adił akʼah bił ałtahígíí
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: kolesterol
 * Persian: کلسترول
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Slovak: cholesterol
 * Slovene: holesterol
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Thai: คอเลสเตอรอล, โคเลสเตอรอล
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: холестеро́л
 * Volapük: kesterin

Etymology
Borrowed from. First attested in the 1920s, ultimately displacing.

Etymology
.

title: cholesterol


text:
saturated

Adjective

 * 1)  Full; unable to hold or contain any more.
 * 2)  Soaked or drenched with moisture.
 * 3)  Containing all the solute that can normally be dissolved at a given temperature.
 * 4)  Having all available valence bonds filled; especially of any organic compound containing only single bonds between carbon atoms.
 * 5) Having a high level of saturation.
 * 1) Having a high level of saturation.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, kyllästetty
 * French:
 * Georgian: გაჯერებული
 * German: ,
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 飽和した
 * Malay: tertipu
 * Maori: tōpuni, kōhura
 * Norwegian: mettet
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Yiddish: אָנגעזעטיקט

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Finnish:, vettä tippuva
 * Georgian: გაჟღენთილი
 * Maori: tōpuni
 * Norwegian: mettet
 * Plautdietsch: derchjenat
 * Russian:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Danish: mættet
 * Finnish:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: sáithithe
 * Japanese: 飽和した
 * Norwegian: mettet
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Tagalog: tigmak
 * Yiddish: אָנגעזעטיקט

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Danish: mættet
 * Finnish:
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: sáithithe
 * Japanese: 飽和した
 * Maori: kōhura
 * Norwegian: mettet
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Welsh:
 * Yiddish: אָנגעזעטיקט

 * German:

title: saturated


text:
sterol

Etymology
From 1913;.

Noun

 * 1)  Any steroid that contains a hydroxyl group in the 3-position of the A-ring.
 * 2) * 1989, Alain Rahier, Pierre Benveniste, 11: Mass Spectral Identification of Phytosterols, W. David Nes, Edward J. Parish (editors), Analysis of Sterols and Other Biologically Significant Steroids, (Academic Press), page 223,
 * Mass spectrometry (MS) and particularly the combination of mass spectrometry with gas spectrometry (GS/MS) has become an indispensable method for studying plant sterols and their biosynthesis.
 * 1) * 1989, Alain Rahier, Pierre Benveniste, 11: Mass Spectral Identification of Phytosterols, W. David Nes, Edward J. Parish (editors), Analysis of Sterols and Other Biologically Significant Steroids, (Academic Press), page 223,
 * Mass spectrometry (MS) and particularly the combination of mass spectrometry with gas spectrometry (GS/MS) has become an indispensable method for studying plant sterols and their biosynthesis.

Translations

 * Czech: sterol

Etymology
.

title: sterol


text:
satis

Etymology
. Enhanced by ancestral Latin.

Etymology 1
From, from. Cognates include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬).

Adjective

 * 1) adequate, enough, plenty, satisfactory, sufficient
 * 2) filled, satisfied

Adverb

 * 1) adequately, sufficiently

title: satis


text:
single bond

Noun

 * 1)  A covalent bond in which one electron pair is shared between two atoms.

Translations

 * Danish: enkeltbinding
 * Finnish: yksinkertainen sidos, yksöissidos

title: single bond


text:
unitas

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) oneness, unity; state of being one or undivided
 * 2) sameness, uniformity
 * 3) agreement, concord

title: unitas


text:
unity

Etymology
From, , from , from + noun of state suffix , ultimately from , hence distantly related to  and. Displaced native.

Noun

 * 1)  Oneness; the state or fact of being one undivided entity.
 * 2) Agreement; harmony.
 * 3) A single undivided thing, seen as complete in itself.
 * 4)  Any of the three classical rules of drama: unity of action (nothing should be admitted not directly relevant to the development of the plot), unity of place (the scenes should be set in the same place), and unity of time (all the events should be such as might happen within a single day).
 * 5)   The number 1 or any element of a set or field that behaves under a given operation as the number 1 behaves under multiplication.
 * the cube roots of unity
 * 1)  The peculiar characteristics of an estate held by several in joint tenancy.
 * 2)  The form of consensus in a Quaker meeting for business which signals that a decision has been reached. In order to achieve unity, everyone who does not agree with the decision must explicitly stand aside, possibly being recorded in the minutes as doing so.
 * the cube roots of unity
 * 1)  The peculiar characteristics of an estate held by several in joint tenancy.
 * 2)  The form of consensus in a Quaker meeting for business which signals that a decision has been reached. In order to achieve unity, everyone who does not agree with the decision must explicitly stand aside, possibly being recorded in the minutes as doing so.

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:oneness

Antonyms

 * ,, ; see also Thesaurus:manyness

Translations

 * Arabic: وَحْدَة,
 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: адзі́нства, е́днасць, згуртава́насць
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: unueco
 * Estonian: ühtsus, üksmeel
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Georgian: ერთობა,
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἑνότης, μονότης
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:, , ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: aontas
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Korean: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish:
 * Latin: ūnitās
 * Latvian: saliedētība, vienotība
 * Lithuanian: vienybė, vieningumas
 * Macedonian: единство
 * Malay:
 * Malayalam:, ,
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: einskap
 * Old English: ānnes
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: јединство, једност, једињење, једноћа
 * Roman:, jednost, jedinjenje, jednoća
 * Shor: пиригиш
 * Slovak: súdržnosť, jednota
 * Slovene: enotnost,
 * Southern Altai: бирлик
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: pagkakaisa
 * Telugu: ,
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:, , собо́рність
 * Welsh: undod
 * Yiddish: אַחדות

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * Irish: aontas

 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian: (hármas) egység
 * Korean:
 * Russian:

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: identiteettialkio
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Russian:

 * Bulgarian: съвместно владение

title: unity


text:
gibberellic acid

Noun

 * 1)  An organic compound, one of the gibberellins, obtained from the fungus, that functions as a growth hormone in plants.

title: gibberellic acid


text:
oneness

Etymology
From, , from , equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1)  State of being one or undivided; unity.
 * 2)  The product of being one or undivided.
 * 1)  The product of being one or undivided.

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:oneness

Translations

 * Arabic: وَحْدَانِيَّة, وحدَة
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: ერთადერთობა, ერთობა
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἕνωσις
 * Hindi: ,
 * Japanese: 一体性
 * Latin: ūnitās
 * Macedonian: е́динство
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: јединство
 * Roman:
 * Southern Altai: бирлик
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili:
 * Turkish:

title: oneness


text:
gibberellin

Noun

 * 1)  Any of a class of diterpene plant growth hormones first isolated from the fungus.

title: gibberellin


text:
terpene

Etymology
From, in analogy to , from.

Noun

 * 1)  Any of a very large class of naturally occurring and synthetic organic compounds formally derived from the hydrocarbon isoprene; they include many volatile compounds used in perfume and food flavours, turpentine, the steroids, the carotene pigments and rubber.

Usage notes
Terpenes are properly only hydrocarbons. Oxygenated derivatives are terpenoids.

Related terms

 * terpane

Translations

 * Catalan: terpè
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 萜
 * Mandarin:, 萜烯
 * Esperanto: terpeno
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Japanese: テルペン
 * Kazakh: терпен
 * Korean: 텔펜
 * Spanish: terpeno

title: terpene


text:
isoprene

Etymology
Coined (1860) by British chemist C. G. Williams, from +  +. A misnomer.

Noun

 * 1)  An unsaturated hydrocarbon, C5H8, that is readily polymerized; natural rubber (caoutchouc) is cis-1,4-polyisoprene, and trans-1,4-polyisoprene is present in gutta-percha and balata; it is the structural basis for the terpenes.

Derived terms

 * isoprenic
 * isoprenoid
 * isoprenyl

Translations

 * Catalan: isoprè
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish: isopreeni
 * French:
 * German: Isopren
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: איזופרן
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: ísópren
 * Irish: isipréin
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: イソプレン
 * Korean: 이소프렌
 * Lithuanian: izoprenas
 * Malay: isoprena
 * Polish: izopren
 * Portuguese: isopreno
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: isopreno

title: isoprene


text: しりとり

title: しりとり


text:
abituare

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1)  to accustom

title: abituare


text:
mail stop

Noun

 * 1) The delivery point where Mail Services delivers and collects mail.
 * Like any other large American corporation, we have mail stops on every floor or each building, for inter- and intra-office mail.

title: mail stop


text:
turpentine

Etymology
From, , , from , , ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1) Any oleoresin secreted by the wood or bark of certain trees.
 * 2) A volatile essential oil now obtained from such oleoresin of from the wood of pine trees by steam distillation; a complex mixture of monoterpenes; now used as a solvent and paint thinner.
 * 3)  A turpentine tree (genus ).
 * 1)  A turpentine tree (genus ).

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: تِرْبَنْتِين, نَفْط
 * Armenian: ,
 * Azerbaijani: skipidar
 * Belarusian: шкіпіна́р, шпікіна́р, шпігіна́р, тарпаты́на
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian: терпенти́н
 * Burmese: တာရပင်ဆီ, ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: terpentýn
 * Danish: terpentin
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian: tärpentin, tärpentiin
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Georgian:, ,
 * German:
 * Greek:, ,
 * Gujarati: ટરપિથ
 * Hawaiian: kapenekine
 * Hebrew: טֶרפָּנטִין
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: tuirpintín, ola bhí, ola thuirpintín
 * Italian:, , essenza di trementina
 * Japanese: テレビン油, 松脂油
 * Kazakh: скипидар
 * Khmer: ជ័រស្រល់
 * Korean: 테레빈유, 투르펜틴,
 * Kyrgyz: скипидар
 * Lao: ຢາງສົນ
 * Latvian: terpentīns
 * Lithuanian: terpentinas
 * Macedonian: терпентин
 * Malay: turpentin
 * Maori: hinu paina
 * Nahuatl: oxitl
 * Nepali: तारपिन
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: terpentin
 * Nynorsk: terpentin
 * Ottoman Turkish: نفت یاغی, روغن نفت, ترمنتین, ترمنتی
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Punjabi: ਤਾਰਪੀਨ
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: терпѐнтӣн
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: terpentín
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swahili: terafini
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog:, lunay, turpentayn
 * Tajik: скипидар
 * Thai: น้ำมันสน
 * Turkish:, , terementin
 * Turkmen: skipidar
 * Ukrainian: скипида́р, шпиґина́р, шпигина́р , терпенти́на
 * Urdu: تارپِین
 * Uyghur: ئىسكىپدار
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese: nhựa thông

Verb

 * 1)  To drain resin from (a tree) for use in making turpentine.

title: turpentine


text:
essential oil

Etymology
Containing the essence of the plant's fragrance.

Noun

 * 1) A volatile oil, used to make perfumes and flavourings, especially one having the characteristic odour of the plant from which it is obtained.

Translations

 * Armenian: եթերային յուղ
 * Catalan: oli essencial
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: æterisk olie
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: eeterlik õli
 * Finnish: eteerinen öljy
 * French:
 * Georgian:
 * German: ätherisches Öl
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, エッセンシャルオイル
 * Korean:
 * Latvian: ēteriskā eļļa
 * Lithuanian: eterinis aliejus
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: óleo essencial
 * Romanian: ulei esențial
 * Russian:
 * Slovak: éterický olej, esenciálny olej
 * Spanish: aceite esencial
 * Swedish:
 * Thai: น้ำมันหอมระเหย
 * Vietnamese: (精油)

title: essential oil


text:
monoterpene

Noun

 * 1)  Any terpene formed from two isoprene units, and having ten carbon atoms; either hydrocarbons such as pinene, or compounds with functional groups such as camphor.

Translations

 * Finnish: monoterpeeni
 * German: Monoterpen
 * Italian: monoterpene

Etymology
From.

title: monoterpene


text:
addirittura

Etymology
From or from.

Adverb

 * 1)  even
 * 2) directly
 * 3)  absolutely
 * 1) directly
 * 2)  absolutely
 * 1)  absolutely

title: addirittura


text:
castellum

Etymology
..

Noun

 * 1)  A small Roman detached fort or fortlet used as a watch tower or signal station.

Etymology
..

Noun

 * 1)  castellum

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) castle, fort, citadel, fortress, stronghold
 * 2)  a shelter, stronghold, defence, refuge
 * 3) a structure in which the water of an aqueduct is collected, to be distributed by pipes or channels in different directions; a reservoir

Descendants

 * Gallo-Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Italo-Romance:
 * North Italian:
 * Occitano-Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Italo-Romance:
 * North Italian:
 * Occitano-Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Italo-Romance:
 * North Italian:
 * Occitano-Romance:
 * Italo-Romance:
 * North Italian:
 * Occitano-Romance:
 * North Italian:
 * Occitano-Romance:
 * North Italian:
 * Occitano-Romance:
 * Occitano-Romance:
 * Occitano-Romance:
 * Occitano-Romance:
 * Occitano-Romance:
 * Occitano-Romance:
 * Occitano-Romance:
 * Occitano-Romance:

title: castellum


text:
sesquiterpene

Etymology

 * by comparison with a monoterpene, which has two isoprene units.

Noun

 * 1)  Any terpene formed from three isoprene units, and having fifteen carbon atoms; includes several plant pigments such as the flavones.

Translations

 * Catalan: sesquiterpè
 * French:
 * German: Sesquiterpen
 * Italian: sesquiterpene
 * Polish: seskwiterpeny

title: sesquiterpene


text:
diterpene

Noun

 * 1)  any terpene formed from four isoprene units, and having twenty carbon atoms; includes vitamin A, the gibberellins, and various biologically active lactones such as quassin

title: diterpene


text:
triterpene

Noun

 * 1)  Any terpene formed from six isoprene units, and having thirty carbon atoms; they are relatively rare.

title: triterpene


text:
tetraterpene

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  Any terpene formed from eight isoprene units, and having forty carbon atoms; they include the carotene plant pigments.

title: tetraterpene


text:
polyterpene

Noun

 * 1)  any polymeric terpene formed from many isoprene units joined head to tail; includes rubber and gutta-percha

title: polyterpene


text:
voltare

Etymology
, derived from.

Verb

 * 1)  to turn
 * 2)  to flip
 * 3)  to make (something) turn; to rotate
 * 4)  to translate
 * 5)  (typically with  or ) to turn
 * 1)  to make (something) turn; to rotate
 * 2)  to translate
 * 3)  (typically with  or ) to turn
 * 1)  (typically with  or ) to turn

title: voltare


text:
carotene

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  A class of tetraterpene plant pigments; they vary in colour from yellow, through orange to red, this colour originating in a chain of alternating single and double bonds.
 * 2)  Specifically, a number of isomers of tetraterpene hydrocarbons, C40H56, (especially beta-carotene), present in carrots etc, which are converted into vitamin A in the liver.

Translations

 * Arabic:
 * Catalan: carotè
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: karoteno
 * Estonian: karoteen, karotiin
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:, Carotin
 * Hindi:
 * Ido:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: カロテン, カロチン
 * Kazakh: каротин
 * Korean:
 * Malay:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: caroteno
 * Swahili: karotini
 * Swedish:
 * Vietnamese: carôtin

title: carotene


text:
字符

Noun

 * 1)  character

title: 字符


text:
Rhymes:English/æstɪk

Pronunciation
,

Three syllables

 * Boombastic
 * Ilastik
 * Jelastic
 * LANtastic
 * Phonetastic
 * Runtastic
 * Boombastic
 * Ilastik
 * Jelastic
 * LANtastic
 * Phonetastic
 * Runtastic
 * Ilastik
 * Jelastic
 * LANtastic
 * Phonetastic
 * Runtastic
 * Ilastik
 * Jelastic
 * LANtastic
 * Phonetastic
 * Runtastic
 * Ilastik
 * Jelastic
 * LANtastic
 * Phonetastic
 * Runtastic
 * Ilastik
 * Jelastic
 * LANtastic
 * Phonetastic
 * Runtastic
 * Ilastik
 * Jelastic
 * LANtastic
 * Phonetastic
 * Runtastic
 * Ilastik
 * Jelastic
 * LANtastic
 * Phonetastic
 * Runtastic
 * Ilastik
 * Jelastic
 * LANtastic
 * Phonetastic
 * Runtastic
 * Jelastic
 * LANtastic
 * Phonetastic
 * Runtastic
 * Phonetastic
 * Runtastic
 * Phonetastic
 * Runtastic
 * Phonetastic
 * Runtastic
 * Phonetastic
 * Runtastic
 * Phonetastic
 * Runtastic
 * Phonetastic
 * Runtastic
 * Runtastic
 * Runtastic
 * Runtastic
 * Runtastic

Four syllables

 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Hydrolastic
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * isolastic
 * Metalastik
 * Metalastik
 * Metalastik
 * Metalastik
 * Metalastik
 * Metalastik
 * Metalastik
 * Metalastik
 * Metalastik
 * Metalastik
 * Metalastik
 * Metalastik
 * Metalastik
 * Metalastik
 * Metalastik

Five syllables

 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!
 * Summer Nightastic!

Seven syllables

 * Stanny Boy and Frantastic
 * Stanny Boy and Frantastic
 * Stanny Boy and Frantastic
 * Stanny Boy and Frantastic
 * Stanny Boy and Frantastic
 * Stanny Boy and Frantastic
 * Stanny Boy and Frantastic
 * Stanny Boy and Frantastic
 * Stanny Boy and Frantastic

title: Rhymes:English/æstɪk


text:
airline

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) A company that flies airplanes to transport people and goods.

Usage notes

 * Not to be confused with an air line, i.e., a route taken by flight.

Synonyms

 * or airways
 * or airways

Related terms

 * See "derived terms" at air.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: lugdiens
 * Arabic: شَرِكَة طَيَرَان, خُطُوط جَوِيَّة
 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: авіякампа́нія
 * Bengali: এয়ারলাইন
 * Bulgarian: авиокомпа́ния
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan: aerolínia
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: letecká společnost, ,
 * Danish: flyselskab
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: flugkompanio
 * Faroese: flogfelag
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician: aeroliña, compañía aérea
 * Georgian: ავიაკომპანია, ავიახაზები
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: एयरलाइन, हवाई कम्पनी
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: flugfélag
 * Indonesian: maskapai penerbangan
 * Irish: aerlíne
 * Italian: linea aerea, compagnia aerea, ,
 * Japanese:, エアライン
 * Kazakh: әуекомпания
 * Khmer: អាកាសចរ
 * Korean: 항공 회사(航空會社),
 * Lao:
 * Latvian: lidsabiedrība
 * Lithuanian: oro linija
 * Macedonian: авиоли́нија, авиокомпа́нија
 * Malay: syarikat penerbangan
 * Mongolian: агаарын зам
 * Norwegian: flyselskap
 * Persian: شرکت هواپیمایی
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, companhia aérea
 * Romanian: companie aeriană,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: авиокомпа̀нија
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: letečká spoločnosť, aerolínie
 * Slovene: letalska družba
 * Spanish:, compañía aérea
 * Swahili: kampuni ya ndege
 * Swedish: flygföretag
 * Tagalog: kompanyang panghimpapawid
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: авіакомпа́нія, авіалі́нії
 * Urdu: فضائی ادارہ
 * Vietnamese: công ty hàng không (公司航空), (航空), hãng hàng không
 * Yiddish: לופֿטליניע

title: airline


text:
volontà

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) will, volition

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) will, volition

Noun

 * 1) will, volition

title: volontà


text:
carotenoid

Noun

 * 1)  Any of a class of yellow to red organic pigments including the carotenes and xanthophylls.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Catalan: carotenoide
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 類胡蘿蔔素
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German: Karotinoid, Carotinoid
 * Greek: καροτενοειδή
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: カロテノイド
 * Kazakh: каротиноид
 * Korean: 카로티노이드
 * Kyrgyz: каратиноид
 * Malayalam: കരോട്ടിനോയ്ഡ്
 * Persian: کاروتنوئید
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: carotenoide
 * Spanish:

Adjective

 * 1)  Of or relating to such a class of pigments.

title: carotenoid


text:
fucoxanthin

Etymology
From (from ) +.

Noun

 * 1)  A carotenoid pigment found in the chloroplasts of brown algae.

title: fucoxanthin


text:
lutein

Noun

 * 1)  A yellow carotenoid pigment, widely distributed in both plants and animals.

Translations

 * Catalan: luteïna
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Esperanto: luteino
 * Finnish: luteiini
 * French:
 * German:
 * Italian: luteina
 * Kazakh: лютеин
 * Korean: 루테인
 * Portuguese: luteína
 * Russian:
 * Tagalog: dilawdinsol

title: lutein


text:
lycopene

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  A red carotenoid pigment found in tomatoes, other red vegetables, and in animal tissue; there is some evidence that it may lower the risk of prostate cancer.

Related terms

 * lycopin

Translations

 * Catalan: licopè
 * Finnish: lykopeeni

title: lycopene


text:
xanthophyll

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  Any of various hydroxy, carbonyl or carboxylic acid derivatives of carotenes.
 * 2)  Lutein.

title: xanthophyll


text:
caru

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) expensive

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) worry, anxiety, care
 * 2) sorrow, grief

Usage notes
The declension table below shows the inherited forms of caru, with and  before front vowels. This distinction was often leveled in both directions, giving alternative forms such as nom. sg. ċearu and dat. sg. care.

Etymology
From, from , from.

Verb

 * 1)  to love, like

title: caru


text:
-à

Etymology
.

Suffix

 * 1) -an
 * 2)  -ane

Etymology
From, present active infinitive of.

title: -à


text:
suavis

Etymology
. The extension of the u-stem into an i-stem is regular (compare, ) and must have occurred before the loss of  in medial.

Pronunciation

 * Note: the first is found scanned as a consonant glide in Plautus, Terence and classical poetry, but sparely also as a vowel in some Late Latin poetry of the 5th and 6th centuries, with Romance descendants typically reflecting the latter. However, compare the early attestation of  in Lucretius.
 * Note: the first is found scanned as a consonant glide in Plautus, Terence and classical poetry, but sparely also as a vowel in some Late Latin poetry of the 5th and 6th centuries, with Romance descendants typically reflecting the latter. However, compare the early attestation of  in Lucretius.
 * Note: the first is found scanned as a consonant glide in Plautus, Terence and classical poetry, but sparely also as a vowel in some Late Latin poetry of the 5th and 6th centuries, with Romance descendants typically reflecting the latter. However, compare the early attestation of  in Lucretius.

Adjective

 * 1) sweet, pleasant, delicious

title: suavis


text:
蘋果

Etymology
From abbreviation of the transcription  + native Chinese.

A radical was added to  to make its meaning more apparent. See for more.

Noun

 * 1) apple

Descendants
Others:

Proper noun

 * 1) Apple Inc.

title: 蘋果


text:
spanjor

Noun

 * 1)  a Spaniard

Noun

 * 1) person from Spain

title: spanjor


text:
dumm

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from.

The modern consonantism is Central and Low German (compare, , from ). The rare literary variant is a poetic archaism directly borrowed from Middle High German; the expected form of this source is early modern German  (now obsolete).

Adjective

 * 1) dumb, stupid

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from.

Compare 🇨🇬 and, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) dumb, silent, mute
 * 2) dumb, stupid

title: dumm


text:
Dummkopf

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1)  airhead, birdbrain, bubblehead, feather-brain, featherhead, jingle-brains, lamebrain, peabrain, pinhead

title: Dummkopf


text: dumb cancel

title: dumb cancel


text:
bird flu

Noun

 * 1) Avian influenza.

title: bird flu


text:
postal

Etymology
From, modelled on.

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to the collection, sorting and delivery of mail.

Translations

 * Arabic: بَرِيدِيّ
 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: пашто́вы
 * Bulgarian: по́щенски
 * Catalan: postal
 * Czech:
 * Esperanto: poŝta
 * Finnish: posti-
 * French:
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Macedonian: поштенски
 * Persian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: uses genitive case of noun
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: по̏штанскӣ
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: poštový
 * Slovene: poštni
 * Spanish:
 * Ukrainian: пошто́вий

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  relating to mail

Noun

 * 1) postcard

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) postcard

title: postal


text:
go postal

Etymology
From +, from a number of incidents, mostly gun violence, perpetrated by disgruntled U.S. Postal Service workers on co-workers in the United States in the mid 1980s.

Verb

 * 1)  To become aggressive and erratic, especially due to stress; specifically, to carry out a shooting spree at a workplace environment; also  to become very angry; to lose one's temper.

Translations

 * French:
 * German:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Portuguese:

title: go postal


text:
unselfconscious

Adjective

 * 1) Not self-conscious; natural and genuine.
 * After a minute's silence he spoke again in Tibetan, in a voice creaky with age but curiously vibrant with the unselfconscious habit of authority.
 * 1) Lacking a sense of self.
 * 1) Lacking a sense of self.
 * 1) Lacking a sense of self.
 * 1) Lacking a sense of self.

Translations

 * German:, , ,

title: unselfconscious


text: funny ha ha

title: funny ha ha


text:
rainbow coalition

Etymology
Named after the colours associated with various parties: red for Labour, blue for the Conservatives, etc.

Noun

 * 1)  A government consisting of a coalition of three or more parties, particularly parties with divergent ideologies.

title: rainbow coalition


text:
Talk:go postal

"Going postal" originates from Postal workers who, for various reasons, became overly stressed and killed coworkers. I am not adding this myself because this may be complete urban legend which my cluttered little mind has decided is fact, ergo it could use some corroboration. - TheDaveRoss, 06:08, 15 May 2005.

title: Talk:go postal


text:
rain on someone's parade

Etymology
First appeared around 1900.

Verb

 * 1)  To disappoint or discourage someone by ruining or criticizing their plans or aspirations.

Translations

 * Dutch: de feestvreugde bederven
 * Finnish: kaataa kylmää vettä jonkun niskaan
 * French: jouer les rabat-joie, doucher l'enthousiasme de
 * German:
 * Italian: mettere i bastoni tra le ruote, rompere le uova nel paniere
 * Japanese: 水を差す
 * Russian: ло́жка дёгтя
 * Sicilian: rumpiri l'ova ntô panaru

title: rain on someone's parade


text:
on the back burner

Prepositional phrase

 * 1)  Not immediate; inactive; receiving or requiring less than full or regular attention.

Translations

 * Dutch: op een laag pitje
 * Finnish: hautumassa, hyllyllä
 * French: au second plan, en veilleuse, ,
 * German: auf Sparflamme
 * Italian: in secondo piano
 * Polish: na drugi plan
 * Portuguese: em banho-maria
 * Spanish: en segundo plano
 * Swedish: på sparlåga

title: on the back burner


text:
grumble

Etymology
Probably from, from , from "to murmur, mutter, grunt"; > Modern Dutch, frequentative of. Cognate with 🇨🇬 (> 🇨🇬), 🇨🇬, Norwegian dialectal.

Noun

 * 1)  A low thundering, rumbling or growling sound.
 * 2) The sound made by a hungry stomach.
 * 3) A surly complaint.
 * That whiner is never without a grumble to share.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French:
 * German: Gegrummel, Grummeln
 * Irish: geonaíl
 * Italian:
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: بۆڵە
 * Portuguese: rosnado
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Vietnamese:

 * Bulgarian: куркане, къркорене
 * Czech: kručení
 * Dutch: gegrommel, ,
 * Finnish: kurninta, kurnaus
 * French: ,
 * German: Knurren
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: قۆڕەقۆڕ
 * Romanian:, , borborism, borborigme
 * Russian:

 * Bulgarian:
 * French:

Verb

 * 1)  To make a low, growling or rumbling noise, like a hungry stomach or certain animals.
 * The distant thunder grumbles.
 * 1)  To complain; to murmur or mutter with discontent; to make ill-natured complaints in a low voice and a surly manner.
 * He grumbles about the food constantly, but has yet to learn to cook.
 * 1)  To utter in a grumbling fashion.
 * 1)  To utter in a grumbling fashion.

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:complain

Translations

 * Albanian: ,
 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French:
 * Galician: ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: γρύζω
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: بۆڵە
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Walloon:

 * Bulgarian: куркам
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:, kurnata
 * French:
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: بۆڵە
 * Russian: ,

 * Arabic: قَمْقَمَ
 * Azerbaijani: deyinmək, dolquldanmaq, söylənmək, mırıldamaq
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:, , , , ,
 * Galician:, , refungar
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Ancient: γογγύζω
 * Irish: bí ag clamhsán, déan clamhsán
 * Latin: ganniō
 * Macedonian: мрчи
 * Maori: wauwau, whakangutungutu, whakanonenone, hakuhaku
 * Persian:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:, ,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Tày: bắm, phăm bẩư
 * Ukrainian:
 * Vietnamese:
 * Walloon: ,

 * Esperanto:
 * German:
 * Italian:, ,

title: grumble


text:
heliocentrism

Etymology
Shortened from, from , from +.

Noun

 * 1)  The theory that the sun is the center of the universe.
 * 2) * 1923, Felix Adler, "The Reconstruction of the Spiritual Ideal," American Ethical Union, 68.
 * Geocentrism has been displaced by heliocentrism. Heliocentrism, in turn, the claim of the sun, surrounded by its satellites, to a sovereign place in the heavens, has become ridiculous in the face of the wilderness of suns that people the abysses beyond us.
 * 1)  The phenomenon of the Earth revolving around the Sun.
 * 1)  The phenomenon of the Earth revolving around the Sun.
 * 1)  The phenomenon of the Earth revolving around the Sun.
 * 1)  The phenomenon of the Earth revolving around the Sun.

Usage notes
Many dictionaries recognize heliocentricism as the grammatically correct form of this word. However, in current usage heliocentrism appears to be by far more frequently used. According to a Google Books search it seems that heliocentrism began to gain ground in the turn of 1960s and 1970s with the first occurrence taking place in 1930s.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: heliosentrisme
 * Albanian:
 * Armenian:
 * Asturian: heliocentrismu
 * Azerbaijani: heliosentrizm
 * Basque: heliozentrismo
 * Belarusian: геліяцэнтры́зм
 * Bulgarian: хелиоцентри́зъм
 * Catalan: heliocentrisme
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: heliocentrisme
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: heliocentrismo
 * Estonian: heliotsentrism
 * Finnish: aurinkokeskisyys, heliosentrismi
 * French:
 * Galician: heliocentrismo
 * Georgian: ჰელიოცენტრიზმი
 * German: Heliozentrismus
 * Greek: ηλιοκεντρισμός
 * Hungarian: heliocentrizmus
 * Ido: heliocentrismo
 * Indonesian: heliosentrisme
 * Interlingua: heliocentrismo
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: гелиоцентризм
 * Kyrgyz: гелиоцентризм
 * Latin: heliocentrismus
 * Latvian: heliocentrisms
 * Lithuanian: heliocentrizmas
 * Luxembourgish: Heliozentrismus
 * Macedonian: хелиоцентризам
 * Maltese: eljoċentriżmu
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: heliosentrisme
 * Nynorsk: heliosentrisme
 * Occitan: eliocentrisme
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: heliocentrismo
 * Romanian:
 * Cyrillic: хелиочентрисм
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: хелиоцентрѝзам
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: heliocentrizmus
 * Slovene: heliocentrizem
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: heliocentrism
 * Ukrainian: геліоцентри́зм
 * Uzbek: geliotsentrizm
 * Yiddish: העליאָצענטריזם

Etymology
..

title: heliocentrism


text:
cultural anthropology

Noun

 * 1)  The field of anthropology that studies human behavior, culture, and social interaction; one of four commonly recognized fields of anthropology.

Translations

 * Finnish:

title: cultural anthropology


text:
social anthropology

Noun

 * 1)  cultural anthropology

Translations

 * Finnish: sosiaaliantropologia

title: social anthropology


text:
socio-cultural anthropology

Noun

 * 1) cultural anthropology

title: socio-cultural anthropology


text:
papaphobia

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) the pathological fear of the pope or the papacy

title: papaphobia


text:
papa-

Etymology
, from.

Prefix

 * 1) Of or pertaining to the pope or the papacy.

title: papa-


text:
papaphilia

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) love and adoration for the pope or the papacy

title: papaphilia


text:
Boontling

Proper noun

 * 1) A jargon spoken only in Boonville, California.

title: Boontling


text:
lolz

Etymology
A corruption of, probably a leet variation, treated as if it were a noun rather than an interjection and pluralized in a deliberately unconventional manner using the suffix.

Interjection

 * 1)  Used to express laughter, often in a sarcastic fashion.
 * 2) * 1999:"you mean "C"hina??? lolz!!!" —

Etymology
Loaned directly from.

Interjection

 * 1) * 2004:"lolz" —
 * 2) * 2005:"lolz." —
 * 3) * 2005:"lolz" —
 * 1) * 2005:"lolz" —

title: lolz


text:
Talk:Paki

Demeaning?
I am Pakistani and I do not find this term racist or offensive.
 * I think it is listed as demeaning as the shortened term is more likely to be used in the context of a xenophobic slanted news article about offshoring. --Connel MacKenzie 03:29, 15 May 2005 (UTC)
 * funny you mention it, I didn't find it offensive either until I used it at a drink with friends and they all litteraly froze. It is apparently extremely offensive in the UK. 82.40.185.124 00:55, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I can't see whats wrong with it or why it would be offensive. 20 years ago it was fine but now its a criminal offence.

I agree the hindu magazine calls the pakistani soccer team the paks  affectionatly like the canucks and yankys of north america. of course if you call a yanky a canuck or a canuck a yanky they will be offended but there is nothing offensive in the terms of themselves.

Pakistanis living in Pakistan, are unfamiliar with the concept of racism, as it exists in the west
As a native Pakistani, living in Pakistan, the term Paki is not really offensive, to most Pakistanis. This is because native Pakistanis are not aware many times, of the racist and hateful way, in which Pakistanis and persons who may look like they might be Pakistani, are attacked with using this word in countries like UK and Canada.

In fact, it's fair to say that most native Pakistanis living in Pakistan, have NEVER been at the receiving end of racism, and when they first encounter racial slurs in a recently arrived in country, many times they even fail to recognize racism: they are unacquainted with the concept, being the overwhelming majority in their own homeland of Pakistan, where thankfully racisim of the western kind, doesn't really exist, probably because of the extreme high density of a large number of interbred races, over the last thousand years.

If Los Angeles is the melting pot, Pakistan is the pot long since melted.

 * a) this bear little connection to the original article and b) it is ludicrous to state that one country somehow doesn't 'have' racism. I'm sorry to have to let you in on this one, but every single country on the planet had, has and will have a portion of its population being racist. 82.40.185.124 00:55, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

This is a true article .i praise its veracity.

Pakistan obviously has bigotry, but not in the form of racism, in the form of religious intolerance. Back to the topic, "Pakistan" means "Land of the Pure", so when you call someone a Paki, you are calling them pure, which I'm sure they don't find offensive until they realize the context. Also I noticed a "some say" in this article. I don't know the rules well, but I'm fairly sure that that is below Wikipedia's standards.

Being a Pakistani and having lived in Pakistan for most of my life, I second that there is no racism of the Western kind in Pakistan. Western racism means victimizing a person based on their race but as someone said earlier distinct races don't exist in Pakistan because of the extensive interbreeding. Most Pakistanis don't even know what race they belong to, so how can there be any racism?

That said, I would like to point out that racism on the basis of religion, language, and economic status does exist in Pakistan. Racism beween populations of different provinces also exists.

Make pejorative use in the UK an exception?
The term doesn't seem to be pejorative in the U.S., either. Perhaps this article should be rewritten to make the racist use of the word a footnote, rather than the rule from which innocent (and possibly far more widespread) use has to be excepted. It would be helpful if a geographically diverse sample of people to whom the term is applied would post what it means in their location.

 * I agree - this is a term that is certainly ripe for "reclaiming". It's interesting that other similarly derived terms (e.g. Afghani or Kazakh)are not used in the same derogitory way. Mike Moreton 06:06, 1 February 2007 (UTC)

Is this fair?
"In Australia, a country with notoriously racist immigration laws (see Wikipedia:White Australia policy)"

That dates back some time, and may not be reflective of Australia as a country now.

To give an analogy, imagine an entry regarding an offensive word for Jews, citing Germany as a country NOW (2006)

australia
In Australia, a country with notoriously racist immigration laws (see Wikipedia:White Australia policy), the Pakistani cricket team are commonly referred to as the Pakis, just as the West Indians are known as the Windies

How is Australia's immigration laws relevent here? Plus, since when has windies been an ethnic slur?
 * In Australia the expression "Paki" is as offensive as the word "Pom". i.e. No offense indented, simply jovial banter amongst sporting rivals. Spoonfeed 02:06, 11 January 2009 (UTC)

U.S.
Interestingly, the term is used in the US, but it is not considered offensive. I've witnessed the term be used simply to mean "a person of Pakistani origins/heritage". --Dijan 20:44, 11 May 2007 (UTC)

Offensive?!
Why is Paki deemed "offensive" in th UK, except when used solely within the Pakistani community and not elsewhere?

Paki is just a shortened word for Pakistani, just as Brit is for British, Aussie for Australian etc.

I live in a city in England where the ethnic (and perceived) Pakistani community (actually the majority are from pakistani-controlled Jammu and Kashmir which is not an integral part of Pakistan and is in fact de jure an occupied part of India!) where we'd say I'm off to the paki shop (corner shop, convenience store) and this was not said in a derogatory way but in a matter of fact (I'm off to the pakistani-owned shop) kind of way.

Any noun can be deemed to be offensive when said in a aggressive, loud and derogatory fashion but that is life. People should just laugh it off and show up the bigots for what they are, ill-educated!

The liberal PC brigade is destroying the UK. You'd think calling a Pakistani a Paki was the worst crime in the world. Maybe the reason many south asians find being called a Paki offensive is because they are Indian or Bangladeshi (ex East Pakistani) or Kashmiri!

 * You are being prescriptionist. We don't get to define words, or say what they should mean, or how people should feel about them.  I'm glad it's not offensive wherever you are, but elsewhere it is.  There doesn't need to be a reason.  It would improve the article to find one, but the situation is what it is.  I assure you, there is no vast liberal conspiracy at work here. 216.75.170.81 18:27, 24 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Wacko redneck types and PC liberals find it offensive. It's kind of like how some stupid people think that "Jew" or "Mexican" is a slur.

"Jew" can be a slur, actually. Try saying "That Jew lawyer" in front of someone Jewish and see how well they take it.

^ Allright. I'm another Pakistani and I feel that clearly, you haven't done your research of the word. It is clear that you have no identity of your own. The word 'paki' was not just used by British tabloids, in fact, I'm not so sure if that is even true, might've been though. But 50-60 years ago, when immigrants from the subcontinent arrived to England for better jobs or to make a better living, they were not given a very 'polite' welcome. Most of them had rocks thrown at them along with people saying 'fuck off you paki bastard' or 'smelly paki bastard' or 'go back to your own country paki bastard'. Notice the 'bastard' being placed each time someone says the word.

To expand on that, many asians owned corner shops like you mentioned above.. 'the paki shop'. There have many cases where the shopowners were attacked and once even killed by racist-thugs and had graffiti on the wall displaying content such as 'ragheads, go home!' or 'paki out!'. Some people even had to shut down their shops and find work somewhere else, or become taxi drivers instead.

Other than this, after the 9/11 bombings, there has been much segregation (not that there wasn't any before that) of Pakistani, Indian, Bangladeshi, Afghan and Arab muslims. I moved in a rich area just a year ago and realized that there is only one more asian family living here. The rest of the families live in a slightly more 'ghetto-fied' area with bad schools, bad environment and what not.

To conclude this, the word is pretty much (at least to me) a reminder of how we were segregated and discriminated against at the time when 'paki bashing' was common especially by a gang known as 'APL' (anti-paki league), and what's more the killing of innocent Iraqis by American soldiers. Obviously the word in itself is not bad, the word 'pak' means 'pure' but it is the history that the word carries with it that makes it what it is now. Quite similar to the word (excuse me for saying it) 'nigger'. The word was derived from the latin word 'negro' which meant someone of dark skin, which clearly isn't so bad. But it is the fact that it is a reminder of how black people were treated as slaves.

It is mentioned that asian youths are now claiming the word as their own. Before you do anything, try having a white guy call you a 'paki' and compare it to an asian calling you one. I think you will spot a difference. It's human nature, you will naturally feel the difference. Guy calls a girl a slag, she will find it more offensive than a girl calling her (this mostly depends on the situation but is the case mostly). I hope you see my point of view on this argument, I'm not here to change your mind or anything but there are a few things you missed here and there and I just wanted to let you know, it's all show and respect.

80.69.30.244 10:28, 6 October 2009 (UTC)

Bangladeshis
Can bengalis still count as pakis, as the country was called East Pakistan for 24 years from 1947-1971, and the word being made somewhere in the 60's? Would it be offensive for a bengali to call a pakistani a paki? Do pakis call each other pakis anyway?

 * Normally Bangladeshis prefer not to be called Pakis. I don't think that the term should be applied to Bangladeshis, unless you're absolutely sure that the person would not mind.  I don't think that a Bangladeshi (or Bengali) calling a Pakistani a Paki is offensive, however, it is up to the Pakistani whether he/she likes to be called that way.  Yes, Pakistanis often refer to each other as Pakis.  --Dijan 16:44, 12 June 2007 (UTC)

No because Pakistan broke away from India as well, so can you call and indian a paki? No so bangladeshis are different.

 * Bengali's are their own seperate ethnic group with their own language

 * No they dont.

Wouldn't Paki be the correct term for the ethnic group?
I mean, they live in Pakistan. The suffix -stan means "place of" so it makes sense that the people are Pakis, just as Afghans are not "Afghanistanis" and Tajik's are not "Tajikistani's", Uzbeks are not "Uzbekistani's", Kurds are not "Kurdistanis", etc etc, I could go on and on with the Khazaks, and the Wazirs, and Turkmens, etc etc

So far all of them follow the same set of rules but Paki"stanis"

 * Unlike Uzbek, Kurd and Tajik, Paki is not an ethnic designation. It is a national designation.  Pakistan as a nation is made up of many ethnic groups, such as Punjabis, Sindhis, Seraikis, Pashtuns, etc.  When it comes to Afghans, it is more complicated.  The term could mean either Afghanistani (regardless of ethnicity...one could be Tajik and call himself an Afghan) or Pashtun.  --Dijan 07:37, 6 December 2007 (UTC)

Its used against all South-Asians
This term is used for all South-Asians since the 60's. It was made up by a group of racist Skinheads, who disliked the idea of immigration from groups of people with a different ethnicity, group, and belief system.

It is also very insulting to call an Indian a Paki as Indians and Pakistanis fought for many years against eacher during the partition of India. So Indians are not Pakis that is why it is so insulting.

Wrong, The word Paki was NOT invented by racist skinheads. It was however used and popularised by them. The term originated in Northern England in the 60s where large numbers of Pakistanis migrated to, especially places like Bradford, Oldham, Leeds, Leicester etc. The skinhead youth cult originated in East London. In Australia the term Paki is rarely used except in Cricket where the pleural term `The Pakis' is used for the Pakistani cricket team. In this sense it is only used exclusively for Pakistanis and not other South Asians and is not considered or intended to be offensive, just used as an abbreviation. Ethnic slurs for South Asians in Australia are usually "Curry Muncher", "Towel Head" or if they are very dark skinned, they're sometimes dubbed as being "black". The only other people in Australia to use the term Paki are pathetic try-hard skinheads who think they're British and try to emulate the British skins not just in dress sense but also their language. Canada is probably the only other country where Paki is used prevalently to identify their large Indian population. However the Canadians hijacked the term from the Brits and unlike the UK, Canada does not have a large Pakistani population whereas Britain does and that's the issue.

Urdu word
I'm not sure that the line for the Urdu word for "pure" belongs here. Should it be at a lower-case entry? Is "paki" a recognized romanization of the Urdu word? Are romanizations of Urdu usually included in Wiktionary as headwords? Are the included in the Urdu script entry? DCDuring TALK 08:18, 22 September 2008 (UTC)

 * No, it belongs in the etymology at Pakistan, under پاک. —Stephen 15:56, 22 September 2008 (UTC)

 * Was that no for all four questions? There would seem to be some merit to having a reference to the Urdu meaning on this page. Perhaps I will get a citation that includes such a reference. DCDuring TALK 16:26, 22 September 2008 (UTC)

 * No, it doesn’t belong here; no, it shouldn’t be at a lower-case entry; no, it is not a standard romanization; no, romanizations of Urdu are not included as headwords. Don’t understand "Are the included in the Urdu script entry". —Stephen 16:43, 22 September 2008 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the prompt reply. To clarify the question: would "paki" be included in an Urdu script entry for the Urdu word that was romanized as "paki" ? A new question: In light of the negative answers to the previous question, how would someone who couldn't read Urdu use Wiktionary to find out the the Urdu word pronounced "paki" had the meaning something like "pure" ? DCDuring TALK 18:27, 22 September 2008 (UTC)

 * Well, like any other Urdu or Arabic word, there would be an article at پاک, including transcription and definition. Then پاک could be added to the English definitions as a translation. To find out about "paki", a reader would look to the translation section when one becomes available, or else he would look in the Etymology and click on Pakistani, then on Pakistan, and the ultimate etymology there would tell him that پاک means pure. —Stephen 18:56, 22 September 2008 (UTC)

 * The problem as I see it is that, if a typical English-speaking user puts "paki" in the search box and hits [enter], they are brought to this page, which does not contain this useful (and positive) snippet. I don't know that a referring to the Urdu script entry will do it either. Even if they hit search, they might not find or appreciate the entries that are shown, especially because most will be put off by the Urdu script, once there is an Urdu entry. Removing the content without a good alternative home seems wrong, though this is clearly not the right home. This is a good example of how an important class of user could benefit from a good handling of romanization. DCDuring TALK 19:21, 22 September 2008 (UTC)

 * That’s why this page needs a translation section. But I agree that our romanization policies are poor and getting progressively worse. I have come to think that practical romanization may be a lost cause. Useful romanizations constantly pop up in speedy delete category, and I ignore those requests, but somebody always deletes them right away. —Stephen 19:35, 22 September 2008 (UTC)

 * Well, I'm glad we had this little chat. I may go and tilt at windmills go pound sand revisit the most recent romanization discussion with this case in mind. DCDuring TALK 20:08, 22 September 2008 (UTC)

 * Arabic romanisation needs revisiting. --Anatoli 08:38, 5 May 2011 (UTC)

Usage notes
''The abbreviation Paki acquired offensive connotations in the 1960s when used by British tabloids to refer to subjects of former colony states in a derogatory and racist manner. In modern British usage "Paki" is typically used in a derogatory way as a label for all South Asians, including Indians, Afghans and Bangladeshis.''

The above needs stringent editing. For a start, the papers now commonly called tabloids, eg the News Of The World and The Sun, either did not exist in the 1960s or were not tabloid. Secondly, the idea that newspapers, tabloid or not, were routinely using the word Paki is false. I suspect the entry's been written by someone who wasn't around at the time but is blindly promoting his or her prejudices.

"Paki" is NOT offensive in the United States
Why doesn't this "scholarly" article make the above fact clear? There are plenty of British swearwords that are not offensive in the U.S. (and vice versa).

Example of correct, inoffensive usage:

A cab driver in New York City will often be a Paki.

Keepsake
This: 'The word has been turned into a keepsake for the young British Pakistani community that is not acceptable for someone outside the community to say it, including Indians and Bangladeshis.' is not idiomatic English. Perhaps it was written by a Paki?

 * Fixed the grammar. Some sources for the statement would be nice. Equinox ◑ 16:02, 10 September 2011 (UTC)

Not really an Australian word
The word "paki" isn't really used in Australia. It's very much a British thing. In my experience it draws a blank from Australians, who overwhelmingly use "Indian" for everyone from the subcontinent. In the 80s, when there were far fewer Indians in the country, "curry muncher" was a term I used to hear, and it could run the gamut from jocular endearment to derogatory poo flinging, depending on who was using it. I'm not sure about the status of the word "Hindu". I used to hear something along the lines of something stinking "like a hindu's armpit" for a brief period until it fell out of use. That's quite derogatory. I'm not a cricket fan, so I'm only now aware of "The Pakis" for the Pakistani cricket team. That's endearing towards a competitor worthy enough to have a nickname. It's not derogatory.

title: Talk:Paki


text:
say cheese

Verb

 * 1)  To smile for a photograph by saying the word "cheese" (the vowel of which, when pronounced as is usual in English, forces a somewhat smile-shaped mouth).

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:
 * Japanese:
 * Portuguese: dizer xis
 * Vietnamese: cười lên nào

 * Catalan: digueu Lluíiiis
 * Icelandic: segðu sís
 * Spanish:

See also translations at cheese

title: say cheese


text:
rebrand

Verb

 * 1)  To change the brand name, logo, or image of a product or company.

Noun

 * 1) A change to the brand name, logo, or image of a product or company.

title: rebrand


text:
Talk:了

Is User:68.194.108.16's contribution correct?? --Connel MacKenzie 03:56, 15 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Most likely. I've been confused by this notation on pages before (e.g. working on User:Muke/字) but have learned a bit since then: namely, that ㄹ before ㅣ or a palatalized vowel is silent in Sino-Korean, and according to the rules of McCune-Reischauer shouldn't be romanized at all, and presumably that's what this is supposed to represent.  —Muke Tever 04:32, 15 May 2005 (UTC)

as a verb
It cannot be used as a verb... so "to finish" is incorrect. It is used as an auxiliary verb with a verb in the perfect tense.

It can be used as a verb. When used as a verb, it is pronounced liao. 98.118.85.76 23:50, 29 March 2014 (UTC)

This looks wrong
你吃了以后，告诉我. nǐ dào le yǐhòu ， gàosù wǒ. After you've finished eating, give me a call. (future)

I think "dào" should be transliterated "chi [flat tone]", and I think the English should be, "Tell me when you are done eating." I am not a native Chinese speaker, so I did not make the edit myself. 98.118.85.76 23:53, 29 March 2014 (UTC)

 * I checked this translation with a native speaker. you are right. I put your translation instead. Meihouwang (talk) 18:57, 30 March 2014 (UTC)

了 and past tenses
It seems the “now” definition of 了 seems to take precedence over the tense definition. I have been told 我不明白了 means “i do not understand now”, not “i didn’t understand”. So if 我吃了这个苹果 “I ate the apple” were 我不吃了这个苹果, is it “I didn’t eat the apple”? and without the subject, as 我不吃了, is it now something that resembles “I regurgitated it”?? It was recommended to instead insert a time element into the sentence, 我以前吃 “I [have] not eaten before”

Can someone add something into the article to address this? And is 過 useful in any example? Charlieb000 (talk) 05:19, 6 May 2016 (UTC)

Etymology
What does the fact this character resembles a baby have to do with its present meaning? Johnny Shiz (talk) 20:58, 8 May 2016 (UTC)
 * Johnny Shiz (talk) 21:01, 22 April 2019 (UTC)

Overview of 了 and articles in Chinese grammar
https://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=45222 —Justin ( koavf ) ❤T☮C☺M☯ 23:03, 9 December 2019 (UTC)

Teochew
http://www.chaozhoudaily.com/czrb/html/2018-06/19/content_1806639.htm "有些字词相同的语言片段，因变调不同，词语之间的语法关系也不同. “食了”， 如表示吃完了，是动补结构，变调情形是：食8-4了2；如表示吃过了，是动词+助词，表动作完成，“食”不变调，“了”念轻声." —Fish bowl (talk) 00:23, 16 April 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:了


text:
User talk:Bilagáana

Yá'át'ééh Bilagáana,

Did you know that there is a Wikipedia in diné bizaad? I started it, but my Diné bizaad is rusty (not to mention my nde bizaad - I would've started a Wikipedia for W. Apache, too, but.......), so I haven't done a whole lot.

I'm an administrator there, so I can change system messages or delete pages and that sort of thing.

http://nv.wikipedia.org/

Node

title: User talk:Bilagáana


text:
aiuto

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) help, assistance, aid
 * 2) support
 * 3) helper, assistant (person)

Interjection

 * 1) help!
 * 2) mayday!
 * 1) mayday!

title: aiuto


text:
nascondere

Etymology
From, from.

Verb

 * 1) to hide, to conceal
 * 2) to disguise
 * 1) to disguise
 * 1) to disguise

Conjugation
Including lesser-used forms:

title: nascondere


text: トナカイ

title: トナカイ


text:
riche

Etymology
, from, from , from , from. Akin to 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬), 🇨🇬 (modern 🇨🇬). More at rich.

Adjective

 * 1) rich possessing wealth

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from , an early borrowing from , from.

Adjective

 * 1) Rich, wealthy possessing wealth:
 * 2) Fertile, bounteous; providing wealth.
 * 3) Expensive, precious; of high value.
 * 4) Fine, marvellous; high-quality:
 * 5) Ornate, splendid; highly detailed.
 * 6) Efficacious, useful, powerful.
 * 7)  Finely-attired.
 * 8) Strong, mighty possessing strength:
 * 9) Profuse, lavish in an attribute or quality:
 * 10) Potent, powerful of a ruler or official
 * 11) Belonging to the nobility; high-ranking.
 * 12) Intense; loud in sound, deep in colour
 * 13) Renowned, respectable; having a good reputation.
 * 1) Renowned, respectable; having a good reputation.

Noun

 * 1) The rich and powerful; high-ranking people.
 * 2) A rich or powerful individual.

Adverb

 * 1) Richly, marvellously.

Etymology 2
, from, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) The realm of a king; a kingdom.
 * 2) Royal authority or dominion.
 * 3)  A divine kingdom or realm.
 * 4) * 15th c., , Lines 1804-1809:
 * "enm"
 * 1)  A divine kingdom or realm.
 * 2) * 15th c., , Lines 1804-1809:
 * "enm"
 * "enm"

- Alther furste to the kyrke sche went, to here a masse verament, and preyed god of hys grace, that he wolde bryng hur to that ryke, that evyr more ys yoye in lyke, before hys worthy face;

 * 1)  Divine authority or power.

Etymology
From, from , from , from. Akin to 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬), 🇨🇬 (modern 🇨🇬).

Adjective

 * 1) rich

Etymology 1
From, from , a derivative of.

Adjective

 * 1)  rich

Etymology 2
From, from , itself either a substantivised or a borrowing from , from  (compare 🇨🇬), from. Compare 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  empire, kingdom, realm

Etymology
From, from , from , from. Akin to 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬), 🇨🇬 (modern 🇨🇬).

Adjective

 * 1)  rich possessing wealth

Etymology
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1) rich possessing wealth

title: riche


text: tepee

title: tepee


text:
terai

Etymology
From Hindustani /, from earlier.

Noun

 * 1) A belt of marshy land, which lies between the foothills of the Himalayas and the plains.
 * 2) A terai hat.

Derived terms

 * terai fever

Noun

 * 1) sugarcane

title: terai


text:
teraph

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) An image of a Semitic household god.

title: teraph


text:
teoria

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) theory

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) theoretical

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) theory

Noun

 * 1) theory

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) theory

Etymology
..

Noun

 * 1)  theory
 * 2)  theory
 * 3)  sending of state-ambassadors
 * 1)  theory
 * 2)  sending of state-ambassadors
 * 1)  sending of state-ambassadors
 * 1)  sending of state-ambassadors
 * 1)  sending of state-ambassadors

Etymology
, from, from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  theory coherent set of statements attempting to explain observed phenomena
 * 2) theory unproven conjecture
 * 3) theory underlying principles as opposed to practice
 * 4)  host collective term for angels
 * 1)  host collective term for angels
 * 1)  host collective term for angels

title: teoria


text:
tensione

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) tension, suspense
 * 2) stress
 * 3) pressure
 * 4) voltage

title: tensione


text:
secede

Etymology
From, from +.

Verb

 * 1)  To split from or to withdraw from membership of a political union, an alliance or an organisation.
 * 2) * 2007, Writers declare independence for Wirral., Wirral Globe, retrieved 11 July 2007.
 * We can secede from the United Kingdom any time we want.
 * 1)  To split or to withdraw one or more constituent entities from membership of a political union, an alliance or an organisation.

Usage notes

 * For political entities, the term secede does not apply only to federal states, but also to other kinds of political unions. It is commonly used in the case of provinces seceding from a unitary state.
 * 'Secede' implies conflict, which may amount to physical conflict in the case of seceding from a political or religious entity, but which otherwise amounts to some form of disagreement at least by those who secede.
 * 'Withdrawal from membership' in the definition does not apply to an individual person who simply terminates membership in an organisation, but to a group which withdraws from membership to carry on related activities in a separate entity.

Translations

 * Arabic:
 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian: отделям се, отцепвам се
 * Chechen:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: løsrive (sig)
 * Dutch: zich afscheiden
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:
 * French: faire sécession
 * Georgian:
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Hungarian:, , , függetlenné válik
 * Irish: scar, dealaigh
 * Italian: ,
 * Khmer: ផ្តាច់ខ្លួន
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Maltese:
 * Mongolian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: løsrive
 * Polish: odłączyć się
 * Portuguese:, separar-se, retirar-se, entrar em secessão
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish: secesionar
 * Swedish:
 * Telugu: వేరు పడు
 * Turkish:
 * Vietnamese: li khai

title: secede


text:
tesi

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) thesis

Etymology 1
, from.

Noun

 * 1) thesis
 * 2) dissertation

Noun

 * 1) thesis

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) taste

Verb

 * 1) to taste

Etymology 2
From or.

Noun

 * 1) trial; test; temptation

Verb

 * 1) to test; tempt

Verb

 * 1) to cut

title: tesi


text:
Giappone

Proper noun

 * 1) Japan

Etymology
, from either or both and/or, from either or both:
 * 🇨🇬, from , from.
 * , from, from.

Proper noun

 * 1) Japan

title: Giappone


text:
giapponese

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Japanese

Noun

 * 1) a person from Japan

Noun

 * 1) Japanese language

title: giapponese


text:
giglio

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) lily
 * 2)  fleur-de-lis

title: giglio


text:
Ucraina

Etymology
Borrowed from

Proper noun
or

Related terms

 * ū̆crāīnus/ucrainus
 * Ū̆crāīnī/Ucraini
 * ū̆crāīnicus/ucrainicus
 * ū̆crāīnēnsis/ucrainensis, Ū̆crāīnēnsis/Ucrainensis

title: Ucraina


text:
illuminare

Etymology
. Compare.

Verb

 * 1) to light
 * 2) to enlighten
 * 3)  to dawn on

title: illuminare


text:
лесоэкспорт

Noun

 * 1) timber-export

title: лесоэкспорт


text:
Gülle

Etymology
From, ultimately from , perhaps from , whence. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, dialectal 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬 (which was borrowed from North Germanic).

Noun

 * 1) shallow pond
 * 2) puddle, especially of slurry liquid manure

Noun

 * 1) liquid manure

title: Gülle


text:
alien abduction

Noun

 * 1)  The abduction of a person by extraterrestrials.

title: alien abduction