text:
elect

Etymology
Borrowed from, past participle of , from + ; see.

Cognate to, which is via 🇨🇬 rather than 🇨🇬, hence prefix , rather than (from ).

Noun

 * 1) One chosen or set apart.
 * 2)  In Calvinist theology, one foreordained to Heaven. In other Christian theologies, someone chosen by God for salvation.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * French: ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Serbo-Croatian: izabranik, izabranica

 * French: ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Serbo-Croatian: izabranik, izabranica

Verb

 * 1)  To choose or make a decision (to do something)
 * 2)  To choose (a candidate) in an election

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Aromanian: aleg
 * Bulgarian: решавам, спирам се на
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: elekti
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Japanese:
 * Macedonian: решава, реши
 * Manx: reih, teih
 * Old English: ceosan
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: tagh
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: ,

 * Arabic: اِنْتَخَبَ
 * Egyptian Arabic: انتخب
 * Armenian:
 * Aromanian: aleg
 * Belarusian: абіра́ць, абра́ць, выбіра́ць, вы́браць
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 選
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: elekti
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient Greek: ἀρχαιρεσίαζω, αἱρέω, χειροτονέω, προχειρίζω
 * Hungarian:
 * Ido:
 * Irish: togh
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Khmer: បោះឆ្នោត
 * Korean:
 * Lao: ເລືອກຕັ້ງ
 * Latin: ēligō, dīligō,
 * Macedonian: изгласува, изгласа
 * Manx: reih, teih
 * Maori:
 * Norman: êlithe
 * Northern Thai: ᩃᩮᩥᩬᨠᨲᩢ᩠᩶ᨦ
 * Oromo: filuu
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, ; ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: tagh
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Thai:
 * Turkish: ,
 * Ukrainian:, обра́ти, вибира́ти, ви́брати
 * Vietnamese:, ,

Adjective

 * 1)  Who has been elected in a specified post, but has not yet entered office.
 * He is the President elect.
 * 1) Chosen; taken by preference from among two or more.
 * 1) Chosen; taken by preference from among two or more.

Usage notes
When denoting someone who has been elected but not yet entered office, the title is usually hyphenated (e.g., senator-elect, representative-elect, mayor-elect, etc.). The plural forms are created by pluralizing the office (e.g. presidents-elect, senators-elect, representatives-elect, mayors-elect, etc.).

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Danish: valgt, udvalgt
 * Finnish: vastavalittu,
 * French:
 * Galician: electo
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Macedonian: избран
 * Norwegian: valgt
 * Norwegian Bokmål: valgt
 * Norwegian Nynorsk: valt
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:
 * Vietnamese:
 * Yiddish: אױסגעקליבן

title: elect


text:
selective

Adjective

 * 1) Of or relating to the process of selection.
 * 2) * 2016, Xingming Sun, Alex Liu, Han-Chieh Chao, Cloud Computing and Security: Second International Conference, ICCCS 2016, Nanjing, China, July 29-31, 2016, Revised Selected Papers (part 2, page 579)
 * "en"

- The selective algorithm excludes the redundant classifiers to construct a streamlined ensemble learning.

 * 1)  Of or relating to natural selection.
 * 2)  choosy, fussy or discriminating when selecting.
 * 3)  Having the authority or capability to make a selection.
 * 4) Of or relating to the social work approach called selectivity.
 * 1)  Having the authority or capability to make a selection.
 * 2) Of or relating to the social work approach called selectivity.
 * 1) Of or relating to the social work approach called selectivity.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: selectiu
 * Finnish:, selektiivinen
 * French:
 * German:, , , , ,
 * Italian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: selektiv
 * Nynorsk: selektiv
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:, de selecție
 * Russian:, ,
 * Slovak: selektívny, selekčný
 * Spanish: selectivo

 * Bulgarian:
 * German:, Selektions-

 * Arabic: اِنْتِقَائِيّ
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: selectiu
 * Czech: vybíravý
 * Finnish:, selektiivinen
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἐκλεκτικός
 * Polish:
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Roman:, izbìrljiv
 * Slovak: vyberavý, prieberčivý
 * Spanish: selectivo
 * Turkish:

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: selective


text:
select

Etymology
From, perfect passive participle of , from +.

Adjective

 * 1) Privileged, specially selected.
 * 2) Of high quality; top-notch.
 * 1) Of high quality; top-notch.
 * 1) Of high quality; top-notch.
 * 1) Of high quality; top-notch.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * French:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἐκλεκτός
 * Hungarian:, , gondosan összeválogatott, ,
 * Indonesian:
 * Latin: ēlectus
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Slovak: vyvolený

 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Hungarian:, , , , , ,
 * Indonesian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Slovak: vyberaný
 * Spanish:

Verb

 * 1) To choose one or more elements of a set, especially a set of options.
 * He looked over the menu, and selected the roast beef.
 * The program computes all the students' grades, then selects a random sample for human verification.
 * 1)  To obtain a set of data from a database using a query.

Translations

 * Arabic: اِخْتَارَ
 * Egyptian Arabic: اختار
 * Armenian:
 * Bashkir: һайлау/һайҙау
 * Basque: aukeratu, hautatu
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Czech:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Egyptian:
 * Esperanto: elekti, selekti
 * Estonian: valima
 * Evenki: синма-
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician:, , seleccionar
 * Georgian:
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: αἱρέω, ἐκλέγω
 * Haitian Creole: chwazi
 * Hebrew:
 * Higaonon: namili
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Irish: togh
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Khmer:, , ជ្រើសរើស,
 * Korean:
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Lao:
 * Latin:, sēligō, dēligō, optō
 * Luxembourgish: auswielen
 * Maori: whiri, tīpako
 * Marathi:
 * Mongolian:
 * Nepali: छान्नु
 * Old English: ceosan
 * Ottoman Turkish: بگنمك
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese:, , optar por,
 * Quechua: akllay, chihlluy
 * Romansch: selecziunar
 * Russian:
 * Sanskrit:
 * Scottish Gaelic: tagh
 * Slovak: vybrať, vyberať, vybrať si, vyberať si
 * Somali: xulid
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:, välja ut,
 * Telugu: ,
 * Thai:
 * Vietnamese:
 * Volapük:
 * Welsh: ,

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Maori: tīpako
 * Slovak: vyselektovať, selektovať

Etymology
.

title: select


text:
pick

Etymology
From, , , from , (attested in ), and , , both from , from , from ,. .

Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, (whence 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬).

Noun

 * 1) A tool used for digging; a pickaxe.
 * 2)  An anchor.
 * 3) A pointed hammer used for dressing millstones.
 * 4) A tool for unlocking a lock without the original key; a lock pick, picklock.
 * 5) A comb with long widely spaced teeth, for use with tightly curled hair.
 * 6)  A tool used for strumming the strings of a guitar; a plectrum.
 * 7)  A pike or spike; the sharp point fixed in the center of a buckler.
 * 8) A choice; ability to choose.
 * 9) That which would be picked or chosen first; the best.
 * 10)  Pasture; feed, for animals.
 * 11)  A screen.
 * 12)  An offensive tactic in which a player stands so as to block a defender from reaching a teammate.
 * 13)  An interception.
 * 14)  A good defensive play by an infielder.
 * 15)  A pickoff.
 * 16)  A particle of ink or paper embedded in the hollow of a letter, filling up its face, and causing a spot on a printed sheet.
 * 17)  That which is picked in, as with a pointed pencil, to correct an unevenness in a picture.
 * 18)  The blow that drives the shuttle, used in calculating the speed of a loom (in picks per minute); hence, in describing the fineness of a fabric, a weft thread.
 * 1)  A good defensive play by an infielder.
 * 2)  A pickoff.
 * 3)  A particle of ink or paper embedded in the hollow of a letter, filling up its face, and causing a spot on a printed sheet.
 * 4)  That which is picked in, as with a pointed pencil, to correct an unevenness in a picture.
 * 5)  The blow that drives the shuttle, used in calculating the speed of a loom (in picks per minute); hence, in describing the fineness of a fabric, a weft thread.
 * 1)  The blow that drives the shuttle, used in calculating the speed of a loom (in picks per minute); hence, in describing the fineness of a fabric, a weft thread.

Translations

 * Armenian: ,
 * Aromanian: sapã
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Cherokee: ᎧᎾᏍᏕᏢᏗ
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:, ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: μάκελλα
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: piocóid
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Macedonian: копач, трнокоп
 * Malayalam:
 * Maori: pika
 * Norwegian:
 * Persian:
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:
 * Zazaki:

 * Ottoman Turkish: آژینه
 * Turkish: ajine

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 万能钥匙
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:

 * Finnish: harva kampa
 * Italian:
 * Zazaki: dilgan

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Italian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish:, prawo wyboru, możliwość wyboru,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: ви́бір

 * Bulgarian:
 * French:
 * Italian:
 * Polish:
 * Russian:

Verb

 * 1) To grasp and pull with the fingers or fingernails.
 * Don't pick at that scab.
 * He picked his nose.
 * 1)  To harvest a fruit or vegetable for consumption by removing it from the plant to which it is attached; to harvest an entire plant by removing it from the ground.
 * 2) To pull apart or away, especially with the fingers; to pluck.
 * 3) To take up; especially, to gather from here and there; to collect; to bring together.
 * 4) To remove something from somewhere with a pointed instrument, with the fingers, or with the teeth.
 * 5) To decide upon, from a set of options; to select.
 * 6)  To seek (a fight or quarrel) where the opportunity arises.
 * 7)  To recognise the type of ball being bowled by a bowler by studying the position of the hand and arm as the ball is released.
 * 8)  To pluck the individual strings of a musical instrument or to play such an instrument.
 * 9) To open (a lock) with a wire, lock pick, etc.
 * 10) To eat slowly, sparingly, or by morsels; to nibble.
 * 11) To do anything fastidiously or carefully, or by attending to small things; to select something with care.
 * I gingerly picked my way between the thorny shrubs.
 * 1) To steal; to pilfer.
 * 2)  To throw; to pitch.
 * 3)  To peck at, as a bird with its beak; to strike at with anything pointed; to act upon with a pointed instrument; to pierce; to prick, as with a pin.
 * 4)  To separate or open by means of a sharp point or points.
 * 5)  To screen.
 * 6)  To intercept a pass from the offense as a defensive player.
 * 1)  To pluck the individual strings of a musical instrument or to play such an instrument.
 * 2) To open (a lock) with a wire, lock pick, etc.
 * 3) To eat slowly, sparingly, or by morsels; to nibble.
 * 4) To do anything fastidiously or carefully, or by attending to small things; to select something with care.
 * I gingerly picked my way between the thorny shrubs.
 * 1) To steal; to pilfer.
 * 2)  To throw; to pitch.
 * 3)  To peck at, as a bird with its beak; to strike at with anything pointed; to act upon with a pointed instrument; to pierce; to prick, as with a pin.
 * 4)  To separate or open by means of a sharp point or points.
 * 5)  To screen.
 * 6)  To intercept a pass from the offense as a defensive player.
 * 1)  To peck at, as a bird with its beak; to strike at with anything pointed; to act upon with a pointed instrument; to pierce; to prick, as with a pin.
 * 2)  To separate or open by means of a sharp point or points.
 * 3)  To screen.
 * 4)  To intercept a pass from the offense as a defensive player.
 * 1)  To screen.
 * 2)  To intercept a pass from the offense as a defensive player.
 * 1)  To intercept a pass from the offense as a defensive player.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Danish: plukke
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Irish: pioc
 * Italian:
 * Latin: carpō
 * Nahuatl: pehpena
 * Norwegian: pilke
 * Bokmål:
 * Polish:, , gmerać
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tamil:
 * Tày: boi

 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bikol Central:
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 摘
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: pluki
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Ingrian: reppiä, noppia, noblia
 * Irish: pioc
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Latin: carpō
 * Maori: tāhora, whakiwhaki, whawhaki
 * Norman: tchilyi
 * Norwegian:
 * Old Church Slavonic: чесати
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Quechua: p'itiy
 * Russian:, ; , ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: manguha, kunin
 * Turkish: ,
 * Tày: bít
 * Welsh: ,
 * Zazaki: arêden

 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Gothic: 𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἐκλέγω
 * Irish: pioc
 * Italian:
 * Maori: whiri, whakatete, kōwhiri
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: вибира́ти

 * Finnish:

 * German:

 * Slovene:, ,
 * Spanish:

Noun

 * 1)  a dick (penis)

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) pike

title: pick


text:
option

Etymology
From, from , from. Equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) One of a set of choices that can be made.
 * 2) The freedom or right to choose.
 * 3)  A contract giving the holder the right to buy or sell an asset at a set strike price; can apply to financial market transactions, or to ordinary transactions for tangible assets such as a residence or automobile.
 * 4)  The acquiring or retention of a nationality through personal choice as a right, bypassing selective legal mechanisms for naturalization, especially in cases where a territory is transferred or passed on from one state to another.
 * 1)  A contract giving the holder the right to buy or sell an asset at a set strike price; can apply to financial market transactions, or to ordinary transactions for tangible assets such as a residence or automobile.
 * 2)  The acquiring or retention of a nationality through personal choice as a right, bypassing selective legal mechanisms for naturalization, especially in cases where a territory is transferred or passed on from one state to another.
 * 1)  The acquiring or retention of a nationality through personal choice as a right, bypassing selective legal mechanisms for naturalization, especially in cases where a territory is transferred or passed on from one state to another.

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:option
 * See also Thesaurus:option
 * See also Thesaurus:option
 * See also Thesaurus:option

Hypernyms

 * derivative

Hyponyms

 * American option, Bermudan option, European option, call option or call, put option or put, warrant

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: اِخْتِيَار
 * Armenian: ,
 * Assamese:
 * Basque: aukera
 * Belarusian: вы́бар, о́пцыя, варыя́нт, альтэрнаты́ва
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian: о́пция,, ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 選擇
 * Hokkien:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:, ,
 * Danish: ,
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto:, elekto, opcio
 * Estonian: valikuvõimalus, valik
 * Finnish:
 * French:, ,
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ვარიანტი
 * German:, , ,
 * Greek:, ,
 * Gujarati:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic: valmöguleiki
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Khmer: ជំរើស,
 * Korean:, 옵션, 선택지(選擇肢)
 * Lao: ທາງເລືອກ
 * Latin: optiō
 * Latvian: izvēle, opcija
 * Lithuanian:, optacija
 * Macedonian: о́пција, и́збор
 * Malay:
 * Maori: kōwhiringa
 * Marathi: विकल्प, पर्याय
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: valgmulighet
 * Persian:, ,
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ѝзбор, о̀пција
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovak: možnosť, voľba, výber
 * Slovene:, izbira
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:, valmöjlighet,
 * Tajik: ,
 * Thai: ตัวเลือก,
 * Ukrainian: ви́бір, о́пція, ,
 * Urdu: اِخْتِیار
 * Uzbek: tahlash
 * Vietnamese:
 * Walloon:, opcion
 * Yiddish: ברירה, אָפּציע

 * Belarusian: вы́бар
 * Bulgarian:
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 選擇
 * Hokkien: ,
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish: valinnanvapaus
 * Hungarian:, döntési szabadság
 * Japanese:, 選択権
 * Korean: ,
 * Russian:
 * Ukrainian: ви́бір
 * Walloon:

 * Belarusian: апцыён
 * Bulgarian: опцио́н
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:, aktieoption
 * Esperanto: opcio
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:, elővételi jog
 * Indonesian:
 * Kazakh: опцион
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Polish:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: о̀пција
 * Roman:
 * Spanish: opción financiera,
 * Swedish: option (handel)
 * Ukrainian:

 * Hebrew: ,
 * Interlingua:
 * Urdu:

Verb

 * 1) To purchase an option on something.
 * The new novel was optioned by the film studio, but they'll probably never decide to make a movie from it.
 * 1)  To configure, by setting an option.

Etymology
, from.

title: option


text:
rejoice

Etymology
From, , from. Compare also 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  To be very happy, be delighted, exult; to feel joy.
 * 2)  To have (someone) as a lover or spouse; to enjoy sexually.
 * 1)  To have (someone) as a lover or spouse; to enjoy sexually.
 * 1)  To have (someone) as a lover or spouse; to enjoy sexually.
 * 1)  To have (someone) as a lover or spouse; to enjoy sexually.

 * 1)  To make happy, exhilarate.
 * 2)  To enjoy.
 * 3) * c. 1449–1455,, Represser of over-much weeting [blaming] of the Clergie
 * his brother Constans next aftir him rejoiced the same west-parti.
 * 1) * c. 1449–1455,, Represser of over-much weeting [blaming] of the Clergie
 * his brother Constans next aftir him rejoiced the same west-parti.

Translations

 * Arabic:
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bashkir: һөйөнөү, ҡыуаныу
 * Belarusian: ра́давацца, це́шыцца
 * Bulgarian:, ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech: radovat,
 * Danish: juble
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Friulian: gjondâ
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἀγάλλομαι, γηθέω
 * Haitian Creole: rejwi
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Ido:
 * Interlingua: gauder
 * Japanese:, 嬉しがる,
 * Karakhanid: سَڤُنْماكْ
 * Korean:
 * Latin: gaudeō, laetor
 * Macedonian: се радува
 * Maore Comorian: furahi
 * Maori: komai, koa, hari
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: fryde ,
 * Old English: āhliehhan
 * Old Tupi: oryb, ory
 * Old Turkic: 𐰾𐰋𐰤
 * Old Uyghur: sʾβynmʾk
 * Ottoman Turkish: سونمك
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:, regozijar-se
 * Russian: ,
 * Sanskrit: ऊर्जयते
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: радовати, веселити, ликовати
 * Roman:, ,
 * Slovak: radovať, tešiť
 * Slovene: veseliti
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tocharian B: kātk-, plānt-
 * Turkish:
 * Ugaritic: 𐎌𐎎𐎃
 * Ukrainian: раді́ти, ра́дуватися,
 * Yiddish: זיך משׂמח זײַן, זיך פֿרייען

 * Arabic: أَفْرَحَ
 * Belarusian: ра́даваць, це́шыць
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Cornish: lowenhe
 * Czech: radovat,
 * Esperanto: ĝojigi
 * Finnish: riemastuttaa
 * French:
 * German:
 * Haitian Creole: rejwi
 * Hungarian:
 * Latin: laetificō
 * Maori: whakamanamana, whakahari
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Sanskrit:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: радовати, веселити
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovak: radovať, tešiť
 * Slovene: veseliti
 * Spanish:
 * Ukrainian: ра́дувати, ті́шити

 * Nahuatl: ,
 * Old English:

title: rejoice


text:
exclusive

Etymology
From, from , from + variant form of verb.

Adjective

 * 1)  Excluding items or members that do not meet certain conditions.
 * 2)  Referring to a membership organisation, service or product: of high quality and/or renown, for superior members only. A snobbish usage, suggesting that members who do not meet requirements, which may be financial, of social status, religion, skin colour etc., are excluded.
 * 3) Exclusionary.
 * 4) Whole, undivided, entire.
 * 5)  Of or relating to the first-person plural pronoun when excluding the person being addressed.
 * 6)  Having a romantic or sexual relationship with one another, to the exclusion of others.
 * 1)  Of or relating to the first-person plural pronoun when excluding the person being addressed.
 * 2)  Having a romantic or sexual relationship with one another, to the exclusion of others.
 * 1)  Having a romantic or sexual relationship with one another, to the exclusion of others.

Related terms

 * (discrimination)

Translations

 * Arabic: حَصْرِيّ
 * Armenian:
 * Asturian: esclusivu
 * Belarusian:, эксклюзі́ўны
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician:, exclusiva
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:, esclusorio
 * Maori: aukati
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: ви́ключний, ексклюзи́вний

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:, exclusiva
 * German:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Indonesian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish: ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Spanish:

 * French:

Noun

 * 1) Information (or an artefact) that is granted or obtained exclusively.
 * The editor agreed to keep a lid on a potentially disastrous political scoop in exchange for an exclusive of a happier nature.
 * 1) A member of a group who excludes others from their society.
 * 2)  A word or phrase that restricts something, such as only, solely, or simply.
 * 1)  A word or phrase that restricts something, such as only, solely, or simply.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch: exclusief(je)
 * Finnish: yksinoikeusjuttu
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:

title: exclusive


text:
fundraiser

Noun

 * 1) An event undertaken to get money by voluntary contributions for a particular activity or cause.
 * 2) A person who collects money from the public for some cause.
 * 1) A person who collects money from the public for some cause.
 * 1) A person who collects money from the public for some cause.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 募捐活動
 * Czech: peněžní sbírka
 * Dutch: inzamelactie,
 * Finnish: varainhankintatilaisuus, ,
 * French: collecte de fonds
 * German:
 * Irish: ócáid tiomsaithe airgid
 * Navajo: béeso adaʼhaʼnį́į́ł
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: angariação de fundos
 * Russian: сбор средств
 * Spanish: recaudación de fondos
 * Vietnamese: (cuộc) vận động gây quỹ, (cuộc) chiến dịch gây quỹ

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 募捐者
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: varainhankkija
 * Irish: tiomsaitheoir airgid
 * Malay: pengumpul dana
 * Portuguese: angariador de fundos, angariadora de fundos

title: fundraiser


text:
fragment

Etymology
From Late, from.

Noun

 * 1) A part broken off; a small, detached portion; an imperfect part, either physically or not
 * 2)  A sentence not containing a subject or a predicate.
 * 3)  An incomplete portion of code.
 * 4)   A portion of a URL referring to a subordinate resource or  (such as a specific point on a web page), introduced by the   sign.
 * 1)  A sentence not containing a subject or a predicate.
 * 2)  An incomplete portion of code.
 * 3)   A portion of a URL referring to a subordinate resource or  (such as a specific point on a web page), introduced by the   sign.

Translations

 * Arabic: قِطْعَة, شَقَفَة, كَسْرَة
 * Hijazi Arabic: قِطْعة, شِقْفة, كَسْرة
 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: аске́пак, аскалёпак, аско́лак, фрагме́нт, фрагмэ́нт, абло́мак, адло́мак, зло́мак, кусо́к
 * Bulgarian:, , ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, , ,
 * Czech:, , ,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French:
 * Galician:, retrinco
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: θραῦμα, κλάσμα
 * Hebrew: ,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: boim
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, , フラグメント,
 * Kazakh: фрагмент, үзік, үзiндi
 * Korean: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: لەت
 * Latin: fragmen, fragmentum
 * Macedonian: одломка
 * Malay: serpihan, fragmen
 * Maori: mōrohe, mōtete, kuru, rutunga, kongakonga, kora, korakora, tūāporo, porohanga, rutunga, tīmokamoka
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: fragment, bruddstykke
 * Nynorsk: fragment
 * Old English: ġebrot
 * Old Norse: brot
 * Persian: ,
 * Polish:, , ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:, , ,
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Sanskrit:
 * Scots: pran
 * Scottish Gaelic: bìdeag, criomag, mìr
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: фра̀гмент, у̀ломак, о̀дломак, ко̀ма̄д
 * Roman:, , ,
 * Slovak: úlomok, zlomok, kúsok, fragment
 * Slovene: drobec
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tajik: порча
 * Turkish:, , ,
 * Ukrainian: шмат, шмато́к, кусо́к, ку́сень, фрагме́нт, ула́мок, кусо́к
 * Uyghur: پارچە
 * Uzbek:
 * Yiddish: פֿראַגמענט

 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Japanese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Ukrainian: фрагме́нт, ури́вок

Verb

 * 1)  To break apart.
 * 2)  To cause to be broken into pieces.
 * 3)  To break up and disperse (a file) into non-contiguous areas of a disk.
 * 1)  To break up and disperse (a file) into non-contiguous areas of a disk.
 * 1)  To break up and disperse (a file) into non-contiguous areas of a disk.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: фрагментирам,
 * Catalan:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, , sirpaloitua, ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Italian:
 * Malay: whakakorakora
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Spanish:
 * Ukrainian: розва́люватися, розвали́тися

 * Bulgarian: раздробявам се
 * Catalan:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:, , pirstoa,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Italian:
 * Maori: māhurehure
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Spanish:
 * Ukrainian: фрагментува́ти, розлама́ти

Etymology
.

Noun

 * a

Etymology
.

Etymology
. Influence by.

Noun

 * a, broken portion
 * a, part of a work

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) a small part or piece; a fragment

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * a

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * a

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) fragment, excerpt, passage

Etymology
,.

Etymology
.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * a

title: fragment


text:
pardon

Etymology
From, from (modern 🇨🇬), from , from  + , possibly a calque (if not vice-versa) of a  word represented by 🇨🇬, from  +. Akin to 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬. More at.

Noun

 * 1) Forgiveness for an offence.
 * 2)  An order that releases a convicted criminal without further punishment, prevents future punishment, or (in some jurisdictions) removes an offence from a person's criminal record, as if it had never been committed.
 * 1)  An order that releases a convicted criminal without further punishment, prevents future punishment, or (in some jurisdictions) removes an offence from a person's criminal record, as if it had never been committed.

Translations

 * American Sign Language: BentB@BaseHand-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterSternumhigh-UlnarAcross BentB@TipHand-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterSternumhigh-UlnarAcross
 * Arabic: إِبْرَاء, إِعْفَاء
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Belarusian: прабачэ́нне, дарава́нне
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: pardono
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: პატიება
 * German: ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Ancient: συγγνώμη
 * Hebrew: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Macedonian: про́шка, просту́вање
 * Manx: maihnys
 * Maori: murunga
 * Norwegian: tilgivelse
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Slovak: odpustenie
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili: masamaha
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: проще́ння, ви́бачення, проба́чення, дарува́ння

 * American Sign Language: BentB@BaseHand-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterSternumhigh-UlnarAcross BentB@TipHand-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterSternumhigh-UlnarAcross
 * Arabic:, صَفْح
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Belarusian: памі́лаванне
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: benådning
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: შეწყალება
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Korean: 은사,
 * Macedonian: помилу́вање, амне́стија
 * Norwegian: benådning
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:
 * Slovak: milosť
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:, benådan,
 * Thai: อภัยโทษ
 * Ukrainian: поми́лування

 * Hebrew:
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: ,

Verb

 * 1)  To forgive (a person).
 * 2)  To refrain from exacting as a penalty.
 * 3)  To grant an official pardon for a crime.
 * 1)  To refrain from exacting as a penalty.
 * 2)  To grant an official pardon for a crime.
 * 1)  To grant an official pardon for a crime.
 * 1)  To grant an official pardon for a crime.

Translations

 * Arabic: عَفَا, غَفَرَ
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Danish: tilgive
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: antaa anteeksi
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: პატიება
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: συγγιγνώσκο
 * Japanese:
 * Latin:, , condono
 * Macedonian: про́сти, и́звини
 * Maori: muru
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Sanskrit:
 * Scottish Gaelic: math
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tamil:
 * Telugu:
 * Ukrainian: проща́ти, прости́ти, вибача́ти, ви́бачити
 * Vietnamese:
 * Volapük:
 * Yiddish: אַנטשולדיקן

 * Arabic: عَفَا, عَذَرَ
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Belarusian: мі́лаваць, памі́лаваць
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: amnestii
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician: indultar
 * Georgian: შეწყალება
 * German:
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Macedonian: поми́лува, сми́лува
 * Norwegian: benåde
 * Occitan: graciar
 * Portuguese: indultar,
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Thai: อภัยโทษ
 * Ukrainian: ми́лувати, поми́лувати

 * Arabic:
 * French:
 * Ido:
 * Swedish: ,

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:say again

Translations

 * Arabic: عَفْواً!, مَاذَا قُلْتَ؟,  مَاذَا قُلْتِ؟
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Danish:, , undskyld mig
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Finnish:, anteeksi kuinka?;
 * French:, , , pardon?, comment?,
 * Georgian: ბატონო?, უკაცრავად?
 * German: pardon?, was?, wie? , wie bitte?
 * Greek:
 * Greenlandic: qanoq?
 * Hebrew:
 * Icelandic:, hvað sagðirðu?
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:  ;  ,
 * Korean:
 * Macedonian: мо́лам?, (plain) што?, (plain) ка́ко?
 * Persian:, معذرت می‌خواهم
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: прошу́ проще́ния, что вы сказа́ли?, (plain)
 * Spanish: ¿?, ¿?, ¿?, ¿? , ¿?
 * Swedish: ?, ?, ?

Interjection

 * 1) sorry, I'm sorry, I beg your pardon, I apologize

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Interjection

 * 1) I'm sorry,

Noun

 * , clemency

Etymology
.

Interjection

 * 1) excuse me
 * 2) sorry

Noun

 * , forgiveness

Etymology
From, primarily via.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * , forgiveness

Interjection

 * 1)  sorry, excuse me, I beg your pardon

Etymology
.

Interjection

 * !, pardon me!, excuse me!, I beg your pardon!, sorry!

Noun

 * , pardoning, forgiveness, excuse

Noun

 * 1)  mercy

Etymology
From, from.

title: pardon


text:
outcast

Pronunciation

 * (noun, adjective); (verb)
 * (noun, adjective); (verb)

Etymology 1
From, equivalent to.

Verb

 * 1) To cast out; to banish.

Adjective

 * 1) That has been cast out; banished, ostracized.

Etymology 2
From, , equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) One that has been excluded from a society or system, a pariah, a leper.
 * : someone who does not belong, a misfit.
 * 1)  A quarrel.
 * 2) The amount of increase in the bulk of grain during malting.
 * 1) The amount of increase in the bulk of grain during malting.

Synonyms

 * See Thesaurus:outcast

Translations

 * Afrikaans:
 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: مَنْبُوذ, مَنْبُوذَة
 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: па́рыя, ізго́й
 * Bulgarian:, изгна́ница,
 * Catalan: pària,, , proscrit, proscrita
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 被放逐者,
 * Czech: vyvrhel, vyděděnec
 * Danish: udstødt, paria
 * Dutch:, , ,
 * Esperanto: elpelito
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:, , hyljeksitty henkilö
 * French:, ,
 * Galician:, paria
 * Georgian:
 * German:, Unberührbarer, , , , , , ,  , Ausgeschlossener, Outcast, Geächteter
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: κάθαρμα
 * Greenlandic: hingitaq
 * Hausa: zare
 * Hungarian:
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: díbeartach
 * Italian:, , , ,
 * Japanese:
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Macedonian: отпадник
 * Maori: paruranga, whakahoenga
 * Navajo: doo yildiní
 * Ngarrindjeri: pulpulumi
 * Persian: پاریا
 * Polish:, ,
 * Portuguese:, deslocada, , excluída,
 * Romanian:, , expulzat, expulzată
 * Russian:, , , , , , ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: dìobarach
 * Slovak:
 * Spanish:, , , ,
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tocharian B: caṇḍāle
 * Turkish: dışlanmış, soyutlandırılmış, itilmiş
 * Ukrainian: па́рія, ізго́й
 * Uzbek: ,
 * Welsh: crwydriad, crwydriadiaid

title: outcast


text:
memorize

Verb

 * 1) To fully learn so as to have entirely available to the memory; to learn by heart, commit to memory.

Translations

 * Arabic: حَفِظَ
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Belarusian: запамята́ць, запаміна́ць, запо́мніць
 * Bulgarian:, уча наизуст
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 記住
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish: udenadslære
 * Dutch:, uit het hoofd leren
 * Esperanto: parkerigi
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:, painaa muistiin
 * French: ,
 * Galician: chapar, memorizar
 * Georgian:
 * German:, auswendig lernen
 * Greek: ,
 * Hebrew: לשנן
 * Hungarian:, , ,
 * Icelandic:
 * Italian:, imparare a memoria
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Khmer: ,
 * Korean:, ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: لەبەرکردن
 * Northern Kurdish: ,
 * Latin: memini
 * Macedonian: запаметува, запамети
 * Malay: menghafalkan
 * Maori: pupuri, whakamaumahara
 * Norwegian: lære utenat,
 * Oromo: yaddachuu
 * Persian: از برم کردن, یادانیدن
 * Polish:, , nauczyć się na pamięć
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, , , , зау́чивать наизу́сть, заучи́ть наизу́сть
 * Scottish Gaelic: meòraich
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Roman:, naùčiti nȁpamēt
 * Slovak: zapamätať, naučiť sa naspamäť
 * Slovene: zapomniti
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: lära sig utantill, ,
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: запам'ято́вувати, запам'ята́ти
 * Vietnamese: ,

title: memorize


text:
rote

Etymology 1
From, further origin. Found in the Middle English phrase, c. 1300. Some have proposed a relationship either with 🇨🇬/, or 🇨🇬 (see ), but the OED calls both suggestions groundless. Another explanation might be the metaphorical comparison between anything repetitive and playing the rote.

Noun

 * 1) Mechanical routine; a fixed, habitual, repetitive, or mechanical course of procedure.

Usage notes

 * Commonly found in the phrase “by rote” and in attributive use: “rote learning”, “rote memorization”, and so on.
 * Often used pejoratively in comparison with “deeper” learning that leads to “understanding”.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: наизустяване
 * Catalan: aprendre de cor
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 機械學習, , 死讀書
 * Czech: biflování, memorování
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: parkerigado
 * Finnish:
 * French: apprentissage par cœur
 * German: Auswendiglernen
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: रट्टा
 * Hungarian:, , biflázás, mechanikus/gépies/értelmetlen (be)tanulás
 * Japanese: 暗記学習
 * Persian: طوطی‌واری
 * Polish:, repetycja,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, зау́чивание наизу́сть,
 * Spanish: de memoria, de memorieta
 * Swedish:
 * Telugu:
 * Turkish:

 * Catalan: rutina
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * German: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:, ,

Adjective

 * 1) By repetition or practice.

Verb

 * 1)  To go out by rotation or succession; to rotate.
 * 2) * 1744, Zachary Grey, ann., Hudibras, in Three Parts, Written in the Time of the Late Wars: Corrected and Amended. With Large Annotations, and a Preface, by Zachary Grey, LL.D., vol. 2. Dublin:Robert Owenand William Brien. page 92:
 * The Model of it was, That a third Part of the Senate or Parliament, ſhould rote out by Ballot every Year;.
 * 1)  To learn or repeat by rote.
 * [Volumnia to Corolianus] "Because that it lies you on to speak/ to th' people, not by your own instruction,/ Nor by th' matter which your heart prompts you,/ But with such words that are but roted in/ your tongue,..." Coriolanus III.ii.52-55

Etymology 2
From, perhaps related to ; see. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  The roar of the surf; the sound of waves breaking on the shore.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: шум на прибоя
 * Czech: hřmění příboje
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: (aaltojen) pauhu
 * Swedish: ,

Etymology 3
From, from , probably of origin; compare 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  A kind of guitar, the notes of which were produced by a small wheel or wheel-like arrangement; an instrument similar to the hurdy-gurdy.

Etymology 1
,.

Noun

 * 1)  musical instrument

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) road

Etymology 1
From Late, , from , from , from. . See more at 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  The root submerged part of a plant:
 * 2) A root used as food; a root vegetable or tuber.
 * 3) A root employed for supposed curative or medical properties.
 * 4) The foundation or base of a protuberance or extension of the body:
 * 5) The root of the hair; the part of the hair within the scalp.
 * 6) The root of the tooth; the part of the tooth within the scalp.
 * 7) The root of a nail; the part of a nail within the skin.
 * 8) The base or attached part of an organ or bodily member.
 * 9) The base or attached part of a swelling or boil.
 * 10) Something which generates, creates, or emanates something:
 * 11) The origin of an abstract quality; that which something originally came from.
 * 12) A wellspring or exemplar of an abstract quality that which something comes from.
 * 13) The offspring of a certain individual or nation as a progenitor; a lineage or descent.
 * 14) The foundation of a tall structure e.g. a trunk, pole, turret
 * 15) The (or a key) foundational or core condition, essence or portion of something.
 * 16) One who descends from another; a member of an individual's lineage or stock.
 * 17) The base of a peak or mount; the beginning of an elevation.
 * 18) A protuberance resembling or functioning like a root.
 * 19) The most inner, central, or deepest part of something.
 * 20)  Data used for astronomical purposes.
 * 21)  A mathematical root.
 * 1) A protuberance resembling or functioning like a root.
 * 2) The most inner, central, or deepest part of something.
 * 3)  Data used for astronomical purposes.
 * 4)  A mathematical root.

Etymology 2
. Sometimes connected to or, but OED rejects both comparisons.

Noun

 * 1)  Traditional, customary, usual, or habitual behaviour or procedure.

Etymology 3
Borrowed from, from , borrowed from a form such as 🇨🇬, borrowed itself from a  term deriving from ; compare 🇨🇬. A doublet of.

Noun

 * 1)  A musical instrument having strings and similar to a harp.

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to untidy, to make a mess
 * 2)  to fool around (engage in casual or flirtatious sexual acts)

Derived terms

 * (or rotete)

Etymology 1
From.

Verb

 * 1) to untidy

Noun

 * 1) rot

Etymology 3
From, from from , from , , ,.

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) route, path
 * 2) group of armed men on the march
 * 3) hunt, pursuit
 * 1) hunt, pursuit

Etymology 2
Of origin, from.

Noun

 * 1) rote musical instrument

Etymology
, from, , literally "a breaking off, rupture," from , literally "a broken group," from. Related to 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) a district (of a parish or town, for the purpose of fire fighting, road maintenance, mail forwarding, social care, etc.)
 * 2) a file, a section, a squad, a pair (of soldiers, of aircraft)
 * 20 rotar
 * twenty file
 * med utryckta rotar
 * four deep
 * indelning av rotar!
 * squad-number!

title: rote


text:
permeate

Etymology
, past participle of.

Verb

 * 1)  To pass through the pores or interstices of; to penetrate and pass through without causing rupture or displacement; applied especially to fluids which pass through substances of loose texture
 * 2)  To enter and spread through; to pervade.
 * 3) * 1854,, translated by Sidney Norton Deane, Proslogium and Monologium/Monologium/Chapter 14
 * ...it is clear that this Being itself, is what supports and surpasses, includes and permeates all other things.
 * 1) * 1854,, translated by Sidney Norton Deane, Proslogium and Monologium/Monologium/Chapter 14
 * ...it is clear that this Being itself, is what supports and surpasses, includes and permeates all other things.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: просмуквам се, пропивам се
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: prosakovat, prolínat,
 * Dutch:
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Lithuanian: sunktis, prasisunkti
 * Malay: تلڤ
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Tocharian B: snätk-

 * Bulgarian: разпространявам се
 * Czech: ,
 * French:
 * German: ,
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:

Noun

 * 1) A watery by-product of milk production.
 * 2) Liquid that has passed through a filtration system.

title: permeate


text:
penetrate

Etymology
From, past participle of , from by analogy to.

Verb

 * 1) To enter into; to make way into the interior of; to pierce.
 * 2)  To achieve understanding of, despite some obstacle; to comprehend; to understand.
 * 3) To affect profoundly through the senses or feelings; to move deeply.
 * 4) To infiltrate an enemy to gather intelligence.
 * 5) To insert the penis into an orifice, such as a vagina, mouth, or anus.
 * 6)  To move a piece past the defending pieces of one's opponent.
 * 1) To affect profoundly through the senses or feelings; to move deeply.
 * 2) To infiltrate an enemy to gather intelligence.
 * 3) To insert the penis into an orifice, such as a vagina, mouth, or anus.
 * 4)  To move a piece past the defending pieces of one's opponent.
 * 1) To infiltrate an enemy to gather intelligence.
 * 2) To insert the penis into an orifice, such as a vagina, mouth, or anus.
 * 3)  To move a piece past the defending pieces of one's opponent.
 * 1) To insert the penis into an orifice, such as a vagina, mouth, or anus.
 * 2)  To move a piece past the defending pieces of one's opponent.
 * 1)  To move a piece past the defending pieces of one's opponent.
 * 1)  To move a piece past the defending pieces of one's opponent.

Usage notes
The sexual sense is a modern innovation rarely attested in older writing. In modern usage, the unaccompanied word penetrate and its derivatives often refer to sexual penetration, outside of certain set phrases such as market penetration.

Related terms

 * double-penetrate

Translations

 * Arabic: اِخْتَرَقَ
 * Aromanian: pitrundu
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian:, минавам през
 * Catalan:
 * Cherokee: ᎠᏔᎳᎦᏍᎦ
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Czech: ,
 * Danish: trænge ind
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: penetri, eniri
 * Estonian: läbistama
 * Finnish:, työntyä
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: შეღწევა
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: treáigh
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, 突き通る
 * Korean:
 * Latin:, penetrō
 * Lithuanian: skverbtis, prasiskverbti, įsiskverbti, kišti
 * Maori: ngoto
 * Norwegian: trenge inn
 * Old English: ġeondfaran
 * Persian: ,
 * Polish:, , penetrować, spenetrować
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog: pasukin
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: проника́ти, прони́кнути

 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: läbistama
 * Finnish: penetroida
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Karok: ápafur
 * Korean:
 * Lithuanian: kišti
 * Persian:
 * Polish: penetrować, spenetrować
 * Romanian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Tagalog: pasukin
 * Turkish:

title: penetrate


text:
figment

Etymology
From, from ; see ,.

Noun

 * 1) A fabrication, fantasy, invention; something fictitious.
 * 2) * 1989 (Sep 30), R. McNeill Alexander, "Biomechanics in the days before Newton", New Scientist volume 123, No. 1684, page 59
 * He had not seen sarcomeres: these segments were a figment of his imagination.

Usage notes

 * Often used in the form "a figment of one's imagination".

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:, , ,
 * Finnish:
 * French:, , , , , , , , , , ,
 * German:, ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: πλάσμα
 * Hungarian:, ,  ,
 * Norwegian:
 * Russian:, , , , , плод фантазии
 * Spanish:, , ,
 * Swedish:

title: figment


text:
morsel

Etymology
From, from , from , diminutive of , neuter of , perfect passive participle of. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) A small fragment or share of something, commonly applied to food.
 * 2) A mouthful of food.
 * 3) A very small amount.
 * 1) A very small amount.
 * 1) A very small amount.

Translations

 * Arabic: قَطْمَة
 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Czech:, , kousíček
 * Danish:, godbid, stump
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French:
 * Galician: brisca, nisco,, lisco, ciballo, comanada, argallo, fronza, grena, , gorispa
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ψωμός, βλωμός, ἄκολος
 * Italian:
 * Latin: frustum,
 * Macedonian: трошка (tróška), ронка (rónka) , парченце (párčence) , залак (zálak)
 * Malay: cebis
 * Maori: motū, whakapūwharu, horotai
 * Persian: ,
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Volapük:
 * Yola: morsaale

Verb

 * 1)  To divide into small pieces.
 * 2)  To feed with small pieces of food.
 * 1)  To feed with small pieces of food.

Etymology
Borrowed from, ,.

Noun

 * 1) small piece of food

Etymology
From, diminutive of , neuter of , past participle of , from.

Noun

 * 1) ; bit; piece

title: morsel


text:
iracundus

Adjective

 * 1) hasty of temper, hot-tempered, irritable, irascible, predisposed to anger, prone to anger, quick to anger; passionate, wrathful

title: iracundus


text:
parity

Etymology 1
From, from , from. Equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1)  Equality; comparability of strength or intensity.
 * 2) * 2000 April 26, Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Delta Guide, Pearson Education, unpaged:
 * Altogether, Microsoft claims a 99% feature parity between 32-bit and 64-bit editions.
 * 1)  A set with the property of having all of its elements belonging to one of two disjoint subsets, especially a set of integers split in subsets of even and odd elements.
 * Parity is always preserved in such operations.
 * 1)  The classification of an element of a set with parity into one of the two sets.
 * The particles' parities can switch at random.
 * 1)  The count of one bits in a value, reduced to even or odd or zero or one.
 * 2)  Symmetry of interactions under spatial inversion.
 * 3)  In reversi, the last move within a given sector of the board.
 * 4) Resemblance; analogy.
 * 1)  In reversi, the last move within a given sector of the board.
 * 2) Resemblance; analogy.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: paritat
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German:
 * Indonesian:, kesepadanan,
 * Italian:
 * Malay:, pariti
 * Mari:
 * Eastern Mari: паритет, мужыранлык
 * Persian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:

 * Bulgarian: четност
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * French:
 * Hindi:
 * Italian:
 * Malay:, pariti
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

 * Czech:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Hindi:
 * Italian:
 * Malay:, pariti
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 宇稱
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Malay:, pariti
 * Russian:

Etymology 2
From, from.

Noun

 * 1)  The number of delivered pregnancies reaching viable gestational age, usually between 20-28 weeks
 * 2)  The number of times a sow has farrowed.

Translations

 * Arabic:
 * Armenian: սերունդի քանակություն
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 胎次
 * Czech:
 * Dutch:
 * French:
 * German:, Graviditätszahl
 * Hindi:
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Portuguese: número de parições
 * Russian: чи́сленность пото́мства
 * Spanish:
 * Vietnamese:

title: parity


text:
parody

Etymology
From, from , from +.

Noun

 * 1) A work or performance that imitates another work or performance with ridicule or irony.
 * 2)  A popular maxim, adage, or proverb.
 * 1)  A popular maxim, adage, or proverb.
 * 1)  A popular maxim, adage, or proverb.

Usage notes
Not to be confused with.

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: مُحَاكَاة سَاخِرَة
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: parodiya
 * Basque: parodia
 * Belarusian: паро́дыя
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, 諧仿,
 * Czech: parodie
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: parodio
 * Estonian: paroodia
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: პაროდია
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:, हास्यानुकृति, भड़ौआ
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: skopstæling
 * Ido:
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: пародия
 * Korean:
 * Kyrgyz: пародия
 * Latvian: parodija
 * Lithuanian:
 * Macedonian: пародија
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: parodi
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: па̀ро̄дија
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: paródia
 * Slovene: parodija
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: gayambalbal
 * Tajik: пародия
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:
 * Uzbek:
 * Yiddish: פּאַראָדיע

Verb

 * 1)  To make a parody of something.
 * The comedy movie parodied the entire Western genre.

Usage notes
Often confused with, which agitates for social change using humor.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, 諧仿
 * Czech: parodovat
 * Danish: parodiere
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: parodii
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Italian: parodiare
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Thai:

title: parody


text:
portion

Etymology
From, borrowed from , from , akin to ; see. Compare.

Noun

 * 1) An allocated amount.
 * 2)  That which is divided off or separated, as a part from a whole; a separated part of anything.
 * 3) One's fate; lot.
 * 4) The part of an estate given or falling to a child or heir; an inheritance.
 * 5) A wife's fortune; a dowry.
 * 1) The part of an estate given or falling to a child or heir; an inheritance.
 * 2) A wife's fortune; a dowry.
 * 1) A wife's fortune; a dowry.
 * 1) A wife's fortune; a dowry.
 * 1) A wife's fortune; a dowry.

Usage notes
Relatively formal, compared to the more informal or more concrete and casual. For example, “part of the money” (both informal) but “portion of the proceeds” (both formal).

Translations

 * Arabic:
 * Armenian: ,
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Belarusian: по́рцыя,, до́ля
 * Bulgarian:, ,
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:, ,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Egyptian:
 * Esperanto: parto
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French: ,
 * Georgian: ნაწილი, წილი, პორცია, ულუფა
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: λάχος, μόριον
 * Guaraní:
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Khmer:
 * Korean: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish:
 * Lao: ສ່ວນ
 * Latin: portiō
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Macedonian: дел
 * Malayalam:
 * Maori: taha, tirikai
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Ottoman Turkish: اوگون
 * Persian: ,
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:, , , , cotă-parte
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Sanskrit: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: cuid
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: де̏о, ди̏о
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovak:, diel, podiel
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Thai:
 * Tocharian B: pāke, ñasso
 * Turkish: ,
 * Ukrainian: по́рція, ,
 * Vietnamese:

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Egyptian:
 * Finnish:

 * Belarusian: до́ля
 * Finnish:
 * Irish:
 * Russian:
 * Ukrainian:

 * Finnish:, perintöosa
 * Russian:

Verb

 * 1)  To divide into amounts, as for allocation to specific purposes.
 * 2)  To endow with a portion or inheritance.

Usage notes

 * Particularly used as portion out.
 * Relatively formal, compared to the more informal, , or the casual ,.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Gothic: 𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽

Etymology
(accusative singular of ).

Noun

 * 1) serving, an helping of food

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) part
 * 2) dowry
 * 1) dowry

title: portion


text:
counsel

Etymology 1
From, , from , from ; akin to.

Noun

 * 1) The exchange of opinions and advice especially in legal issues; consultation.
 * 2) Exercise of judgment; prudence.
 * 3) Advice; guidance.
 * 4) Deliberate purpose; design; intent; scheme; plan.
 * 5) A lawyer, as in King's Counsel (KC) or Queen's Counsel (QC).
 * 1) Advice; guidance.
 * 2) Deliberate purpose; design; intent; scheme; plan.
 * 3) A lawyer, as in King's Counsel (KC) or Queen's Counsel (QC).
 * 1) Deliberate purpose; design; intent; scheme; plan.
 * 2) A lawyer, as in King's Counsel (KC) or Queen's Counsel (QC).
 * 1) Deliberate purpose; design; intent; scheme; plan.
 * 2) A lawyer, as in King's Counsel (KC) or Queen's Counsel (QC).
 * 1) A lawyer, as in King's Counsel (KC) or Queen's Counsel (QC).
 * 1) A lawyer, as in King's Counsel (KC) or Queen's Counsel (QC).

Usage notes

 * The prescribed plural is unchanged in the sense “lawyer”, otherwise.

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:advice

Translations

 * Arabic: شُورَى
 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Czech: ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌽
 * Latin: advocātiō
 * Macedonian: совету́вање
 * Maori: waha kōrero
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: consultanță,, , ,
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish: ,
 * Welsh:

 * Arabic: مَشُورَة
 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Czech:
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German: ,
 * Irish: airle
 * Italian:
 * Latin: consilium
 * Limburgish:
 * Macedonian: совету́вање, со́вет
 * Maori: whakamāherehere
 * Ottoman Turkish: نصیحت
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:, consultanță, ,
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:
 * Welsh:, arweiniad

 * Czech:
 * Finnish:
 * French:, ,
 * Russian:

 * Armenian:
 * Czech: ,
 * Finnish:
 * German: ,
 * Hindi:
 * Irish: abhcóide
 * Italian:
 * Maori: rōia
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:
 * Turkish:
 * Volapük:,  hilavogan,  jilavogan,  kronalavogan,  kronahilavogan,  kronajilavogan

Etymology 2
From, from , from , from.

Verb

 * 1)  To give advice, especially professional advice, to (somebody).
 * The lawyer counselled his client to remain silent.
 * Psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers and other mental health professionals counsel clients.
 * 1)  To recommend (a course of action).
 * I would counsel prudence in this matter.

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:advise

Translations

 * Armenian: խորհրդատվություն տալ
 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech: ,
 * Finnish:, antaa neuvoja, antaa neuvontaa
 * French:
 * Gothic: 𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: συμβουλεύω
 * Ingrian: nevvoa
 * Latin: consilior
 * Macedonian: сове́тува
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:, ,
 * Russian:
 * Tagalog: maghinanaw
 * Welsh:

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Czech: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Macedonian: препора́чува, сове́тува
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:

Noun

 * 1) a secret opinion or purpose; a private matter

title: counsel


text:
counselor

Etymology
From, , from , , from , from , agent noun from , from. Compare. Displaced native, , and , from.

Noun

 * 1) A professional who counsels people, especially on personal problems.
 * 2)  A school counselor, often in a specialty such as careers, education, or health.
 * 3)  An attorney.
 * 4)  A high ranking diplomat, usually just below an ambassador or minister.
 * 5)  A children’s supervisor, usually at camp.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: berader
 * Albanian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Chamorro: a'akonseha
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Faroese: ráðgevi
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * German: ,
 * Gothic: 𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍃
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: σύμβουλος, μήστωρ
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Ingrian: nevvoja
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Javanese:
 * Latin: consiliātor
 * Macedonian:
 * Malay: kaunselor
 * Old English: rǣdġiefa, wita
 * Ottoman Turkish: نصیحتجی
 * Persian:
 * Romanian:, consilieră, , , ,
 * Russian:, , ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: neach-comhairle
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:, socialkurator
 * Tagalog: tagapayo
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: ра́дник, ра́дниця
 * Welsh:

 * Hungarian:
 * Old English: ǣwita

 * Hebrew: מַדְרִיךְ, מַדְרִיכָה
 * Hungarian:, , gyerekfelügyelő, gyerekfelvigyázó
 * Russian: ,
 * Yakut: баһаатай

authors: ГрофЛексиграф

title: counselor


text:
cult

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  A group, sect or movement following an unorthodox religious or philosophical system of beliefs, especially one in which members remove and exclude themselves from greater society, including family members not part of the cult, and show extreme devotion to a charismatic leader.
 * 2) The veneration, devotion, and religious rites given to a deity (especially in a historical polytheistic context), or (in a Christian context) to a saint.
 * 3)  A group of people having an obsession with or intense admiration for a particular activity, idea, person or thing.
 * 1) The veneration, devotion, and religious rites given to a deity (especially in a historical polytheistic context), or (in a Christian context) to a saint.
 * 2)  A group of people having an obsession with or intense admiration for a particular activity, idea, person or thing.
 * 1) The veneration, devotion, and religious rites given to a deity (especially in a historical polytheistic context), or (in a Christian context) to a saint.
 * 2)  A group of people having an obsession with or intense admiration for a particular activity, idea, person or thing.
 * 1) The veneration, devotion, and religious rites given to a deity (especially in a historical polytheistic context), or (in a Christian context) to a saint.
 * 2)  A group of people having an obsession with or intense admiration for a particular activity, idea, person or thing.
 * 1) The veneration, devotion, and religious rites given to a deity (especially in a historical polytheistic context), or (in a Christian context) to a saint.
 * 2)  A group of people having an obsession with or intense admiration for a particular activity, idea, person or thing.
 * 1)  A group of people having an obsession with or intense admiration for a particular activity, idea, person or thing.
 * 1)  A group of people having an obsession with or intense admiration for a particular activity, idea, person or thing.
 * 1)  A group of people having an obsession with or intense admiration for a particular activity, idea, person or thing.

Translations

 * Arabic:, فِرْقَة, مِلّة
 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: культ, се́кта
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Burmese: နိကာယ
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish: kult, sekt
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: sekto, kulto
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:, ,
 * French: ,
 * Georgian: კულტი
 * German:
 * Greek: ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: cultas
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Khmer:
 * Korean: 컬트
 * Lao:
 * Latin:
 * Latvian: kults
 * Lithuanian: kultas
 * Macedonian: секта, култ
 * Malay: kultus, taifah, /sekta, sinanjung
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: kult, sekt
 * Nynorsk: kult
 * Persian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ку̏лт
 * Roman:
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog: kulto
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:, ,
 * Ukrainian: культ,
 * Vietnamese:

 * Belarusian: культ
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: kult
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: kulto
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: ,
 * Greek: ,
 * Hebrew:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Kumyk: культ, баш этив
 * Macedonian: култ
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Southern Altai: культ
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: культ
 * Vietnamese:

 * Maltese:
 * Norwegian:

Adjective

 * 1) Of or relating to a cult.
 * 2) Enjoyed by a small, loyal group.

Usage notes
The term has a positive connotation for groups of art, music, writing, fiction, and fashion devotees, but a negative connotation for new religious, extreme political, questionable therapeutic, and pyramidal business groups.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: култов
 * Danish: kult-
 * Finnish: kultti-, lahkolais-
 * Portuguese: cultual

 * Bulgarian: култов
 * Czech:
 * Danish: kult-
 * Finnish: kultti-
 * French:
 * German: Kult-, kultig
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: de culto
 * Swedish: kultförklarad
 * Turkish:

Noun

 * , religion

Etymology
..

Adjective

 * 1)   enjoyed by a small, loyal group

Etymology
, from, from.

title: cult


text:
folium

Etymology
From. , distantly also with.

Noun

 * 1)  A leaf.
 * 2) A leaf (2 pages) of a codex or manuscript.
 * 3) A document that acts as the legal record of a transaction.
 * 4)  A certificate of title.
 * 5) A thin sheet or plate of a foliated rock or mineral.
 * 6)  A lobe on a branching structure.
 * 7) A leaf-like protrusion or lobule on one of the vermes of the cerebellum.
 * 8)  A curve of the third order, consisting of two infinite branches having a common asymptote. The curve has a double point, and a leaf-shaped loop.
 * 9)  A symmetric pattern on the abdomen of some spiders.
 * 1) A document that acts as the legal record of a transaction.
 * 2)  A certificate of title.
 * 3) A thin sheet or plate of a foliated rock or mineral.
 * 4)  A lobe on a branching structure.
 * 5) A leaf-like protrusion or lobule on one of the vermes of the cerebellum.
 * 6)  A curve of the third order, consisting of two infinite branches having a common asymptote. The curve has a double point, and a leaf-shaped loop.
 * 7)  A symmetric pattern on the abdomen of some spiders.
 * 1) A thin sheet or plate of a foliated rock or mineral.
 * 2)  A lobe on a branching structure.
 * 3) A leaf-like protrusion or lobule on one of the vermes of the cerebellum.
 * 4)  A curve of the third order, consisting of two infinite branches having a common asymptote. The curve has a double point, and a leaf-shaped loop.
 * 5)  A symmetric pattern on the abdomen of some spiders.
 * 1) A leaf-like protrusion or lobule on one of the vermes of the cerebellum.
 * 2)  A curve of the third order, consisting of two infinite branches having a common asymptote. The curve has a double point, and a leaf-shaped loop.
 * 3)  A symmetric pattern on the abdomen of some spiders.
 * 1) A leaf-like protrusion or lobule on one of the vermes of the cerebellum.
 * 2)  A curve of the third order, consisting of two infinite branches having a common asymptote. The curve has a double point, and a leaf-shaped loop.
 * 3)  A symmetric pattern on the abdomen of some spiders.
 * 1)  A curve of the third order, consisting of two infinite branches having a common asymptote. The curve has a double point, and a leaf-shaped loop.
 * 2)  A symmetric pattern on the abdomen of some spiders.
 * 1)  A curve of the third order, consisting of two infinite branches having a common asymptote. The curve has a double point, and a leaf-shaped loop.
 * 2)  A symmetric pattern on the abdomen of some spiders.
 * 1)  A symmetric pattern on the abdomen of some spiders.
 * 1)  A symmetric pattern on the abdomen of some spiders.
 * 1)  A symmetric pattern on the abdomen of some spiders.
 * 1)  A symmetric pattern on the abdomen of some spiders.
 * 1)  A symmetric pattern on the abdomen of some spiders.
 * 1)  A symmetric pattern on the abdomen of some spiders.
 * 1)  A symmetric pattern on the abdomen of some spiders.

Etymology
Traditionally derived from, from , and thus an exact cognate of 🇨🇬.

An alternative theory, favored by Driessen and De Vaan, derives the word from, from , whence 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) a leaf (including a conifer's needle)
 * 2) a petal
 * 3)  a sheet or leaf of paper
 * 4)  trifle, thing of no consequence
 * 1)  trifle, thing of no consequence

Descendants

 * Northern Italo-Romance:
 * Northern Italo-Romance:
 * Northern Italo-Romance:
 * Northern Italo-Romance:
 * Northern Italo-Romance:
 * Northern Italo-Romance:
 * Northern Italo-Romance:
 * Northern Italo-Romance:
 * Northern Italo-Romance:
 * Northern Italo-Romance:
 * Northern Italo-Romance:
 * Northern Italo-Romance:
 * Northern Italo-Romance:
 * Northern Italo-Romance:
 * Northern Italo-Romance:

Etymology
.

title: folium


text:
undicola

Adjective

 * 1) dwelling in the sea

title: undicola


text:
silvicola

Noun

 * 1) sylvan, living in a forest

title: silvicola


text:
silvifragus

Etymology
From +.

Adjective

 * 1) forest-destroying

title: silvifragus


text:
ossifragus

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) bone-breaking

Noun

 * 1) osprey, sea eagle

title: ossifragus


text:
saxifragus

Etymology
From +.

Adjective

 * 1) stone-crushing, stone-breaking

title: saxifragus


text:
saxum

Noun

 * 1)  a boulder, in geographic names on asteroids

Etymology
From, of unknown derivation. De Vaan rejects any connections with Proto-Indo-European, leaving it as. This is due to the presence of the vowel a in the Latin word, reasoning that to obtain that vowel in that position, a laryngeal must be posited. The root does not have a laryngeal, ruling out a Proto-Indo-European derivation.

Despite this, it cannot be separated from 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) stone, rock (a large, rough fragment of rock)
 * 2) * Aaron Stone, season 1 episode 16:
 * 3)  wall of stone
 * 1)  wall of stone
 * 1)  wall of stone

title: saxum


text:
saxigenus

Etymology
From +.

Adjective

 * 1) born from stone, arising from rock

title: saxigenus


text:
-genus

Etymology
From, uiltimately from. Cognate of 🇨🇬.

Suffix

 * 1) born from, sprung from

title: -genus


text:
aquigenus

Etymology
From +.

Adjective

 * 1) born in water

title: aquigenus


text:
disingenuous

Adjective

 * 1) Not honourable;  unworthy of honour.
 * 2) Not ingenuous; not frank or open.
 * 3) Assuming a pose of naïveté to make a point or for deception.
 * 1) Assuming a pose of naïveté to make a point or for deception.
 * 1) Assuming a pose of naïveté to make a point or for deception.

Collocations

 * disingenuous attempt
 * disingenuous argument
 * disingenuous statement
 * disingenuous conduct
 * disingenuous people
 * disingenuous excuse
 * disingenuous question
 * disingenuous assertion

Translations

 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, 不誠實
 * Danish:, uoprigtig, , uvederhæftig
 * Dutch:, , ,
 * Esperanto: malsincera
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * German:, , , , ,
 * Japanese:
 * Macedonian: не́искрен
 * Maori: kōpūrau, kōpūngahuru
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: uoppriktig, uærlig,
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: нѐискрен
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: nečestný
 * Spanish:, poco sincero
 * Swedish:

title: disingenuous


text:
caeligenus

Etymology
From +.

Adjective

 * 1) heaven-born

title: caeligenus


text:
caelum

Etymology 1
Uncertain; possibly from (with a gender change to masculine), from, from  or , originating in the augural sphere and indicating "the whole" as opposed to  and cognate with 🇨🇬 (and perhaps  and ), 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,. May be cognate of 🇨🇬. The shift from neuter to masculine is irregular.

Noun

 * 1) (vault of) heaven
 * 2) sky
 * 3) * Horace, Epistles I.xi.27 (translation Eugene Ehrlich, Say It in Latin, ISBN 0709056257
 * Caelum non animum mutant qui trans mare currunt.
 * Those who cross the sea change the sky not their spirits.
 * 1) atmosphere, climate, weather
 * Those who cross the sea change the sky not their spirits.
 * 1) atmosphere, climate, weather
 * 1) atmosphere, climate, weather

Descendants

 * Balkan-Romance:
 * Dalmatian:
 * Istriot:
 * Italo-Romance:
 * Padanian:
 * Gallo-Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * Borrowings:
 * Italo-Romance:
 * Padanian:
 * Gallo-Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * Borrowings:
 * Padanian:
 * Gallo-Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * Borrowings:
 * Gallo-Romance:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * Borrowings:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * Borrowings:
 * Insular Romance:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * Borrowings:
 * Ibero-Romance:
 * Borrowings:
 * Borrowings:
 * Borrowings:
 * Borrowings:
 * Borrowings:
 * Borrowings:
 * Borrowings:
 * Borrowings:
 * Borrowings:

Etymology 2
From, from (whence also ).

Noun

 * 1) chisel

title: caelum


text:
quadrupes

Adjective

 * 1) galloping
 * 2) moving on all fours
 * 3) four-legged, quadrupedal

Noun

 * 1) a quadruped

Usage notes

 * As a noun, it can be masculine, feminine (agreeing with ) or neuter (agreeing with ).
 * The non-neuter declension appears to be non-i-stem, while the neuter declension appears to be pure neuter i-stem; but usage was somewhat fluid.
 * It appears to be slightly more likely to have the meaning "beast of burden" when masculine.

title: quadrupes


text:
hippocentaurus

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) A centaur

title: hippocentaurus


text:
semihomo

Etymology
From.

Pronunciation

In Classical Latin poetry, the word is found in the forms semihomines and semihominis, which are always scanned as heavy-light-light-heavy quadrisyllables, implying pronunciations with elision of the first i.

Noun

 * 1) a half-human, half-beast

title: semihomo


text:
semifer

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) half-beast, such as of a centaur, satyr or Sphinx
 * 2) half-wild, half-savage

title: semifer


text:
acervatim

Adverb

 * 1) in heaps
 * 2)  briefly, concisely

title: acervatim


text:
quadrupedatim

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) in the manner of a quadruped; on four feet

title: quadrupedatim


text:
Talk:веденіе

Is this Russian? Russian has no letter "і". Russian letter for /i/ is "и".
 * Good point! I made this entry after reading an interesting article on Russian spelling refrorms. I'll have to go find what I did wrong. Thanks. — Hippietrail 13:35, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * Okay it's from Russian language. The letter "і" (izhe) was eliminated in the 1918 spelling reform. So this entry should stay but it needs to be modified and we need the modern spelling here too. — Hippietrail 13:41, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC)

An anonymous user just changed the "і" in the article to a "и" but didn't change the title of the page. Anyway, a Google search actually finds quite a few hits with the "і" - anybody got any good theories as to why? — Hippietrail 12:16, 9 Jul 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:веденіе


text:
phago

Etymology
From or.

Noun

 * 1) a glutton

title: phago


text:
phagedaenicus

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) cancerous, spreading like cancer
 * 2) suffering from cancer

title: phagedaenicus


text:
ignivagus

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  spreading like fire; like wildfire

title: ignivagus


text:
omnivagus

Etymology
From +.

Adjective

 * 1) roaming everywhere

title: omnivagus


text:
Talk:bugger

Australia
In Australia, bugger is most definitely not the slightest bit coarse.--Vladisdead 08:18, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * Sure it is. It loses more of its coarseness all the time, to the extent that it's on TV ads now. But that doesn't mean I'd use it with a nun or little old lady who I'd never met before. And just about everybody knows what it means literally which affects when & where they choose to use it. — Hippietrail 13:44, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC)

RARE!???
This word has the category "rare". How is bugger rare? -- Cimon Avaro 19:40, 29 June 2007 (UTC)

euphemism
BTW, I have heard people euphemize bugger as "sugar". Don't know the conventions of how to add it to the page. Heck, maybey I will have to see how other words do it. -- Cimon Avaro 19:42, 29 June 2007 (UTC)
 * I always understood sugar to be used as a euphemism for shit. The speaker starts to say sh... realises the social situation and completes the word by saying sugar. Jonathan Webley 15:42, 22 January 2009 (UTC)

See Wikipedia Article for Deletion
An article about this word in Wikipedia was flagged for deletion on 20 January 2009 on the basis that it discussed only the word history and usage. See this discussion. Some content from the Wikipedia article has been copied to this one. Editors are invited to
 * 1) Clean up this entry (this editor is not expert on how to compose Wiktionary articles)
 * 2) Contribute to the AfD debate on Wikipedia.

Thanks. Aymatth2 14:55, 22 January 2009 (UTC)

Better also link to booger
Better also link to booger as a See Also. In Chicago, we kids spelled boogers s. Jidanni 02:02, 20 January 2011 (UTC)

 * I noticed a grown man make the same mistake, I'd advise it linked as a "Not to be confused with", rather than a "See also". - Mr. Heretic 06:09, 10 December 2011 (UTC)

Interjection
Would suggest merging the two 'different' Interjective definitions of bugger, they're essentially identical. Only it's apparently fallen further from vulgarity and thus potency in the US (not that it's considered vulgar in NZ either). - Mr. Heretic 06:09, 10 December 2011 (UTC)

RFV discussion: December 2019–January 2020
Intj sense 2: "(slang, US, euphemistic, rare) Cutesy expression of very mild annoyance." What is it a euphemism for? Can we do better than "cutesy"? Is it not covered by sense 1, by way of being a joky use of the British word by non-Brits? Equinox ◑ 11:25, 19 December 2019 (UTC)

 * I'm familiar with Americans using this more as a "cutesy" expression of annoyance (calling to mind Pooh saying "oh bother") rather than an expression that one is seriously pissed off, but like you say, this may just be sense 1 + some kind of context clues. I don't know. I notice that boo hiss, another word that often conveys that the speaker is being silly or cute rather than pissed off, gets by with a definition sense to sense 1 of bugger, i.e. one that only covers the denotative meaning and doesn't get into conotations. - -sche (discuss) 06:59, 21 December 2019 (UTC)
 * However, this does seem like it may be attestable as something other than an expression of real annoyance. Consider:
 * 2012, Jerrica Knight-Catania, The Wary Widow, Second Wind Publishing (ISBN 9781935171744), page 2:
 * Andrew swept her a bow. “Lord Andrew Wetherby, at your service.
 * Chloe swallowed hard as all the color drained from her cheeks. Oh, bugger! She stood and took a step toward him. “Lord Andrew, did you say?” she repeated. [...] He gave her a wry smile and Chloe felt the heat rush back to her cheeks. "I did," he finally answered. "Oh, well, it is a pleasure to make your acquaintance, my lord." [...] Lord Andrew looked at her, clearly perplexed, which made him look quite adorable.
 * And this seems like maybe an expression of sorrow(?—not sure):
 * 2014, Yvonne Adhiambo Owuor, Dust, Vintage (ISBN 9780307961211):
 * Hugh came home hauling the tusks of four dead elephants. "Where's the baby? What is it?" "She died," Selene says. "Tea, dear?" "Thank you. Died? Oh, bugger!" For five seconds Selene hoped Hugh would cry. He wrestled a torment, which puffed and then deflated his face, and said, "Was looking forward to raising a real Kenya lad. Must not wallow, though."
 * - -sche (discuss) 23:39, 22 December 2019 (UTC)
 * - -sche (discuss) 23:39, 22 December 2019 (UTC)

 * Re 2012 citation: book is by Jerrica Knight-Catania (apparently an American) and "the story is about Chloe Hawthorne, cousin of Lady Elizabeth Crawley, chaperoning Elizabeth for a season in London". If Chloe is British then her "bugger" is not an "American bugger", but an American author's (probably inaccurate) idea of a "British bugger" — as though I were to write a badly-researched western and have the natives exclaiming "jumping Jehosphat" or something. Equinox ◑ 11:33, 23 December 2019 (UTC)

RFV-failed At best, this could take a usage note that it is used more mildly by non-UK speakers Kiwima (talk) 22:28, 19 January 2020 (UTC)

French: pronunciation in the conjugation table
It doesn't seem to be confirmed by the French Wiktionary. I guess there's a parameter missing. 89.64.70.103 16:55, 20 July 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:bugger


text:
noctivagus

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) wandering in the night

title: noctivagus


text:
wyvern

Etymology
Alteration of, borrowed from , from. and.

Noun

 * 1)  A draconian creature possessing wings, only two legs and usually a barbed tail.
 * 2) * 1940-54 The Collected Poetry of , "WE SIT UNHACKLED DRUNK AND MAD TO EDIT", UBC Press,1992, p.222:
 * Notions of freedom are tied up in drink / Our ideal life contains a tavern / Where man may sit and talk of or just think / All without fear of the nighted wyvern, / Or yet another tavern where it appears.
 * Notions of freedom are tied up in drink / Our ideal life contains a tavern / Where man may sit and talk of or just think / All without fear of the nighted wyvern, / Or yet another tavern where it appears.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: виверн
 * Catalan: víbria,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 雙足龍
 * Czech: wyverna
 * Danish: lindorm
 * Dutch: wyvern
 * Esperanto: (dukrura) drako, viverno
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Irish: vuibhearn
 * Italian: viverna
 * Japanese: ,
 * Korean: 와이번
 * Marathi: वाय्व्हर्न
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: linnorm
 * Nynorsk: linnorm
 * Polish: wiwern, wiwerna, wywerna
 * Portuguese:, guivra
 * Russian: виверн,
 * Spanish: dragón alado,
 * Swedish:

title: wyvern


text:
draconigena

Adjective

 * 1) dragon-born

title: draconigena


text:
User talk:Cronian

Hi Cronian, thanks for taking part in the Wiktionary project and adding lots of new words.

Could I ask you to take a look at a page in the standard format and use this in your future work. See, for example, the changes I have made to "elect". You don't have to follow this exactly, but it will be helpful if you can set up the headers in the standard way:

==Language== (two '='s) ===Part of speech=== (three '='s)  word (the word enclosed in triplets of apostrophes, to make it bold)

[etc]

which comes out as

Part of speech
word

For example:

Verb
to elect

Thanks. Keep up the good work! — Paul G 10:21, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC) (Wiktionary sysop)

I'll try doing that. Although, it is a bit confusing because there doesn't seem to be any consistent standard. Does this site have any page describing a standard? I'll try to follow your example for elect, although the standard seems a bit confusing at times. ---Cronian 21:10, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Cronian


text:
rasher

Etymology 1
.

Etymology 2
origin. Said to be an alteration of.

Noun

 * 1)  A strip of bacon; a piece of bacon.
 * 2)  A strip, a piece (of something, such as ham, bacon, etc).
 * 1)  A strip, a piece (of something, such as ham, bacon, etc).
 * 1)  A strip, a piece (of something, such as ham, bacon, etc).
 * 1)  A strip, a piece (of something, such as ham, bacon, etc).
 * 1)  A strip, a piece (of something, such as ham, bacon, etc).
 * 1)  A strip, a piece (of something, such as ham, bacon, etc).

Translations

 * Danish:
 * Finnish:, pekoniviipale
 * French: tranche de bacon
 * Galician: isco
 * Georgian:
 * German:, Speckschnitte, , Speckscheibe, , Speckstreifen
 * Maori: hōripi, kōripi
 * Portuguese: fatia de toucinho
 * Russian: ло́мтик беко́на
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: baconskiva
 * Ukrainian: скибочка бекону

Verb

 * 1)  To cut into rashers.

title: rasher


text:
Talk:rasher

Meaning someone who participates in violent bike races
This can also refer to someone who participates in violent bike races, tho' this use may be restricted to the Road Rash games:)--Vladisdead 10:27, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Etymology of "rasher" as a strip of bacon
According to a piece on letter writing by Anne Wharton published in Lippincott's Monthly Magazine from March of 1891 Samuel Johnson traced the origin of "rasher of bacon" back to Dryden.

"...he tells her that he rose and looked up the derivation of rasher, tracing it back to Dryden."

"A Lost Art" by Anne H. Wharton from Lippincott's Monthly Magazine, March, 1891.

Two noun entries look identical
Why are there two entries for noun that look identical? If they're somehow different the entries need to do a better job of showing how they differ. Dough34 (talk) 05:10, 22 December 2022 (UTC)

 * The difference is that sometimes "a rasher" specifically means "a piece of bacon" (e.g. "Jews can't eat rashers" because they're pork), and sometimes "a rasher" is just a unit (like "a strip" or "a teaspoon" or whatever) and you can have a rasher of anything, e.g. "he was eating a rasher of beef jerky". I've tried to make this a little clearer; if you can think of any way to make it clearer, please revise it further. - -sche (discuss) 05:20, 22 December 2022 (UTC)
 * Thanks, that is much clearer Dough34 (talk) 06:31, 24 December 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:rasher


text:
famulus

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) A close attendant or assistant, especially of a magician or occult scholar.

Etymology
 From earlier famelus, from (whence 🇨🇬), from earlier *θamelos''; probably ultimately from. Probably as a backformation from the predecessor of (see there for details).

Noun

 * 1) a servant, slave

Adjective

 * 1)  serving, servile

title: famulus


text:
levin

Etymology
From. Spellings in Middle English and Early Modern English include leven, levin, levyn, leiven, and leyven. The earlier etymology is less clear. It is thought to be related to 🇨🇬 (which see for some more), ultimately from. Possibly a regular reflex, possibly loan, or possibly from a lost.

Noun

 * 1)  Lightning; a bolt of lightning; also, a bright flame or light.

Derived terms

 * levin brand

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Danish: lynglimt
 * Finnish:
 * Persian: ,
 * Swedish: ,

title: levin


text:
céleste

Etymology
, from, borrowed from.

Adjective

 * 1) celestial

title: céleste


text:
diciannove

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1) nineteen

title: diciannove


text:
clochard

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) A beggar or tramp, especially in France.

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  vagrant, tramp, bum

Etymology
Disputed. One possible etymology is, another one is from

Noun

 * 1)  tramp; vagrant

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  tramp, vagrant, homeless

title: clochard


text:
gaff

Etymology 1
From, from , from , derivative of , from derived from. .

The underwear sense apparently derives from the idea that the garment tricks or deceives others about the wearer's genitalia.

Noun

 * 1) A tool consisting of a large metal hook with a handle or pole, especially the one used to pull large fish aboard a boat.
 * 2) A minor error or faux pas, a gaffe.
 * 3) A trick or con.
 * 4)  The upper spar used to control a gaff-rigged sail.
 * 5)  A type of tight, panty-like underwear worn to hold the male genitalia tucked backwards and make one's genital region look smooth, as if one had a vulva.
 * 1) A trick or con.
 * 2)  The upper spar used to control a gaff-rigged sail.
 * 3)  A type of tight, panty-like underwear worn to hold the male genitalia tucked backwards and make one's genital region look smooth, as if one had a vulva.
 * 1)  A type of tight, panty-like underwear worn to hold the male genitalia tucked backwards and make one's genital region look smooth, as if one had a vulva.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish:
 * Georgian: ბარჯი
 * German: Fischhaken
 * Greek:
 * Irish: ga
 * Italian:, , crocco
 * Komi-Zyrian: багыр
 * Maori: pīhuka
 * Mari:
 * Eastern Mari: пагор
 * Western Mari: пагыр
 * Northern Mansi:
 * Polish: osęka, osęk
 * Russian:

 * Czech: vratiráhno
 * Finnish:

Verb

 * 1) To use a gaff, especially to land a fish.
 * 2) To cheat or hoax.
 * 3)  To doctor or modify for deceptive purposes.
 * 4)  To gamble, especially by tossing coins.
 * 5)  To affix gaffer tape to, or cover with gaffer tape.
 * 1)  To gamble, especially by tossing coins.
 * 2)  To affix gaffer tape to, or cover with gaffer tape.
 * 1)  To affix gaffer tape to, or cover with gaffer tape.

Translations

 * Georgian: დაბარჯვა
 * Maori: pīhuka

Etymology 2
Perhaps from, from 🇨🇬 + 🇨🇬. Compare 🇨🇬,.

Noun

 * 1) Rough or harsh treatment; criticism.
 * 2)  An outcry; nonsense.
 * 1)  An outcry; nonsense.

Etymology 3
. Possibly from Etymology 1, via a sense of “a place that will be robbed” in criminal argot; possibly from Etymology 2, via a sense of "cheap theatre"; possibly from (whence 🇨🇬).

Noun

 * 1)  A place of residence.
 * 2)  A disreputable, low-end theatre.
 * 1)  A disreputable, low-end theatre.
 * 1)  A disreputable, low-end theatre.
 * 1)  A disreputable, low-end theatre.
 * 1)  A disreputable, low-end theatre.
 * 1)  A disreputable, low-end theatre.
 * 1)  A disreputable, low-end theatre.

title: gaff


text:
Talk:if

Programming keyword
Should "if" as a programming statement come under English? Or should it come under the computer language(s) in which it's used? Or should it come under Translingual? If it comes under English should it be a "conjuction" or a "computer language statement"?

The usage section only belongs to the computer stuff but its position now makes it like it's for any usage. Same with the "see also" section.

What do the big dictionaries have to say? — Hippietrail 13:14, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * The big dictionaries don't appear to catalog programming statements. I'm not entirely sure we should either, unless we plan on becoming a programming reference as well.  (A usage note like "if condition then result" is only a step away from detailed descriptions of for loops.) [slippery-slope argument, I know.]   This doesn't mean we can't add programming statements that get used as words—I've heard "xor" used in speech before, for example—but "if" as a programming statement essentially equals the ordinary English use of "if" (as the definition here itself admits).  —Muke Tever 14:52, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * I'm definitely in favour of including "xor" (it is used in other fields), but I'm quite iffy about "if".
 * I'm not really sure what makes feel differently between them though.
 * (The programming languages I've have an operator for "xor" not spelled with letters anyway) — 138.130.33.197 22:00, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC)
 * I also think the computing if: should be removed. It's simply a keyword. As far as human language goes, it is the same thing as if, and anything further is encyclopaedic commentary on how computer programming works. Equinox ◑ 12:02, 26 June 2011 (UTC)

if (it be) so
Are if (it be) so variants of if so be? --Backinstadiums (talk) 18:59, 17 September 2019 (UTC)

for if
should for if, meaning "in case", be added? --Backinstadiums (talk) 19:24, 18 November 2019 (UTC)

 * No, it's SoP, like "for next week". Equinox ◑ 19:41, 18 November 2019 (UTC)

if needs must
isn't if needs must an idiom? Just as is if need be? --Backinstadiums (talk) 17:13, 9 March 2020 (UTC)

I don't know if or not I passed
Why is it wrong unlike I don't know whether or not I passed ? ''--Backinstadiums (talk) 18:13, 25 June 2021 (UTC)
 * IF https://oed.com/oed2/00111435, WHETHER https://oed.com/oed2/00284376 --Backinstadiums (talk) 09:56, 26 June 2021 (UTC)

if-then-else
https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/If-then-else Backinstadiums (talk) 17:03, 1 November 2022 (UTC)

if I've told you once, I've told you a thousand times
What meaning of if is used in this idiom? https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/if+Ive+told+you+once JMGN (talk) 11:57, 21 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:if


text:
conocimiento

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) knowledge

title: conocimiento


text:
Talk:floccinaucinihilipilification

Pronunciation
This isn't how I've always pronounced it. The way I learned is /flQkInQkInIhIlIpIlIfIkeIS@n/ - most of those /I/ can probably be /@/ though.

Also we shouldn't really be forcing fonts on people. I myself have a different font set which is capable of displaying IPA but now this article overrides that.

Maybe we should set some fonts in the default stylesheet somewhere though - I don't know enough about that. — Hippietrail 14:03, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * I agree (mutatis mutandis) on the vowels (part of the appeal of the word is the "rhyme" of flocci-nauci- and nihili-pilifi-) but I think the c's would be pronounced like in an ordinary Latin loanword (/ks/ and /s/). But then, my dictionaries don't deign to list the word, so I can't check.
 * I agree on the fonts too. My default is Gentium, which is fine, and I think the whole point of the wiki format is not having to worry about setting things like fonts.  (Besides, that's what we use (X-)SAMPA for, too.)   —Muke Tever 15:52, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * The UK pronunciation has two short Is in nihil, unlike nihilism where the first I is long. Is it wrong? Equinox ◑ 18:36, 13 March 2012 (UTC)

Perhaps a clearer sounding UK pronunciation is to be found here http://howjsay.com/pronunciation-of-floccinaucinihilipilification --216.81.94.73 17:52, 21 June 2017 (UTC)

floccinaucinihilipilification
I first encountered this word as flocci-PAUCI-nihilipilification when I was eleven and later discovered the alternate spelling floccinaucinihili-PIPI-fication. The former seems plausible: paucity = fewness or lacking, which would seem to fit, but I cannot verify the latter. I love the word for its inherent irony. In forty years of professional writing I have only managed to use the word once, even then it was tongue in cheek. A nearly unusable, sesquipedalian word with three possible spellings and it means, "to  assess something as being worthless". Wonderful word!

SShackelSshackel 10:50, 5 June 2010 (UTC)

 * Yes, that is how I first learned it - in a Guiness Book of World Records, early 1970s edition. In fact, this is the first time I have come across the official spelling abover. As you say, pauci fits the suggest meaning better! Ptilinopus 05:18, 2 February 2012 (UTC)

This word was used to describe 19th C. explicators of the Old Testament, who found reference to "Christ behind every bush." Hence, floccinaucinihilipilificationist.JamesSutton 20:19, 4 February 2012 (UTC)

 * I first saw the word 'floccinaucinihilipilification' while leafing through the old Oxford dictionary, full 17 volume edition. It appears as a header word, leading one to speculate it was coined for this purpose only, as a humorous blip in a ponderous volume. Oxford defines it as "estimated as being of no value." the word immediately applies to itself as the definition contains fewer characters. Floccinaucinihilipilification is a manifestation of itself. It only barely escapes it's own meaning as an absurd description of an extreme. Zakalwe(Zakalwe (talk) 18:19, 7 April 2012 (UTC))

My non-IPA pronounciation of floccinaucinihilipification
Here it is: flocks-ih-naw-sih-nih-lih-pill-if-ih-kay-shin Is it accurate? ~ ThePCKid 00:09, 4 September 2010 (UTC)

 * No, I think it's 'flock-see-naw-see-ni-hi-li-pi-li-fi-kay-shun'. Dented42 07:58, 12 March 2011 (UTC)

Quotation
floccinaucinihilipification is used in Timescape by Gregory Benford (1980)

Pmhofman (talk) 09:01, 9 April 2013 (UTC)

RFV discussion: February–July 2014
I would like to see this attested in use (WT:CFI, item 3; WT:CFI). Furthermore, I do no see occurrences of "flocci-nauci-nihili-pili-fication" as attesting "floccinaucinihilipilification". Searches: --Dan Polansky (talk) 20:37, 16 February 2014 (UTC)
 * I've added four quotations of this spelling used to convey meaning, and there appear to be more on Google Books and Usenet. —Mr. Granger (talk • contribs) 21:51, 16 February 2014 (UTC)
 * Passed. — Ungoliant (falai) 01:08, 7 July 2014 (UTC)

Longest in Hansard
This edit by User:Oddsausageparty is not correct, but for some reason I am unable to change the page (it says it's locked, but I don't see why for such a minor article).

According to this BBC article, quoting a source from Hansard, they are not going to include Michael Bryan, because it was in a select committee meeting, not considered part of parliamentary proceedings.

81.107.107.248 14:14, 31 July 2017 (UTC)

Correct, the meeting in which the word featured is not recorded by Hansard, this should be changed asap. Johna11112 (talk) 07:15, 2 August 2017 (UTC)

Etymology and correct dating of origin
Right now the Etymology section says "The word was inspired by a line in the Eton Latin Grammar (published in the early 19th century)", but the earliest usage in examples in the Noun section cites a usage by William Shenstone from 1741 (which can be verified on Google Books here as being from 1741, or at least more likely 1742 when the subject of the quote in Shenstone's letter of eulogy, William Somervile, actually died). So clearly the word cannot have come from T.W.C. Edwards' Eton Latin Grammar of 1826 if the word was also used 85 years earlier in the 1740s. As well the Oxford English Dictionary entry for this word (archived here without paywall) says: "First recorded in 1741, this 29-letter verbal monstrosity was concocted out of four Latin words, flocci, nauci, nihili and pili, meaning ‘at a small price’ or ‘at nothing’. Anyone familiar with the Eton Latin Grammar would have encountered them and been in on, or able to perpetrate, the joke." So it once again cites the Eton Latin Grammar, but says it's attested 85 years earlier, presumably in Shenstone. Even if it's still somewhat unclear how and when the word came about and the relation of its etymology to Edwards' grammar book, surely this entry should be changed to note the word came out well before Edwards' book and before the 19th century? VolatileChemical (talk) 08:43, 13 June 2023 (UTC)
 * The same text appears in Lilies Rules Construed (1659). I do not know whether this is the oldest version. The British Library states that The Eton Latin Grammar “is an adaptation of three early 16th-century treatises by William Lily (1469-1522), a master at St Paul’s school. By the mid-16th century, these had been combined into one work known as ‘Lily’s Grammar’.” J3133 (talk) 11:25, 13 June 2023 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the research, that explains things a lot. I looked into it a bit more and I think we can at least solve the mystery of where exactly that particular group and order of Latin words came from. There are several versions of Lily's grammar treatises, published before or shortly after his death, in which he lists "flocci", "nauci", "nihili" and "pili" all together, although not necessarily in that order or in the same line. The earliest example I can find of this is dated 1517, published during Lily's lifetime, in his "Absolutissimus de octo orationis partium libellus", with most of the four keywords interspersed (with what I think are examples or other synonyms): "Nihili vel pro nihilo penditur. Nihili vel pro nihilo habentur literæ. Nauci, flocci, pili, huius non facio." The earliest example in Lily's works I can find of those exact four Latin words in the exact same order as in "floccinaucinihilipilification", is in "A Short Introduction of Grammar" (1608), credited to Lily and John Colet, which has "Flocci, nauci, nihili, pili" on p. 33. As your British Library link notes, Lily's grammar became the standard for Latin grammar textbooks in England almost immediately, and by 1825 when Edwards' is writing his Eton version, he says "By the Eton Latin Grammar is implied merely the abridged Manual of Mr. Lily, which has for many years been successfully empployed at Eton School, to initiate boys in Latin." So clearly the book, or some version of it, was exposed to generations of English schoolchildren going back to at least the 1540s, and possibly used at Eton for just as long. I'm still not sure if there are any usages of "floccinaucinihilipilification" before 1741, but it seems it was certainly possible to have been coined by any student or reader well before the 1740s, perhaps even as early as the 1608. And it may very well have come from Eton schoolboys reading Lily's Grammar, which they may have informally called the "Eton Latin Grammar" if it had been used at Eton for many years, but this was long prior to T.W.C. Edward's 1825 revision actually called "The Eton Latin Grammar". I'm not sure if anyone ever released an edition of Lily's Grammar called "The Eton Latin Grammar" prior to that, although in the article in The Spectator cited in the Etymology section, it says there was a revised version called "The Eton Latin Grammar" as early as 1758. This still would be after Shenstone used it in 1742, and it still doesn't prove it was Etonians who came up with it, or even if they did, it doesn't prove their source would've been known as "The Eton Latin Grammar" at the time instead of "Lily's Grammar" or some variant. And the Spectator piece cites OED anyway, which is one of the sources that offers the unproven claim that it was only through Etonians, and specifically only through a version called "The Eton Latin Grammar", that this noun list was encountered and this compound word invented. However, since apparently several monarchs declared Lily's Grammar to be the only acceptable Latin grammar textbook for English schools, it doesn't seem positive to me that this came out of Eton instead of any of the hundreds of other schools who would've had Lily's grammar assigned. Even though again, it's possible it was Etonians, and it's even possible that Lily's Grammar was called "The Eton Latin Grammar" by some people prior to 1758, but I don't see any proof. In any case, I suggest we amend the Etymology section of this entry to note that #1) the word was attested as early as the 1740s; and #2) that, instead of deriving from the 19th century Eton Latin Grammar, it in fact almost definitely derives from earlier versions of Lily's Grammar, where we can see the famous list of Latin nouns as early as 1608. Whether we remove the fact that it was "apparently by pupils at Eton College", or the fact that it was inspired by a book called "The Eton Latin Grammar" I'm not sure. Those seem like popular, and possible, if unproven assertions. But definitely we should remove the "19th century" part, and in my opinion, also put in the attestation of floccinaucinihilipilification back to 1741. And possibly, we could also say that the line in the textbook said to have inspired the neologism dates back to 1608 at latest. VolatileChemical (talk) 11:27, 19 July 2023 (UTC)

Definition
Someone once told me that the definition was different. That it meant your argument was unjust. Anyone know where this could have come from?

Granted he spelled it either differently or wrong. Perhaps he was mixed two different words and definitions. Or he spelt it based on memory and sound. He spelt it 'flashinashinihilipilification' 97.118.103.187 04:10, 28 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:floccinaucinihilipilification


text:
allenatore

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) coach, manager, trainer

title: allenatore


text:
blazar

Etymology
. from  and, punning  from its optical presentation compared to usual quasars. Analyzable as.

Noun

 * 1)  A very compact quasar, associated with a supermassive black hole at the center of an active galaxy.
 * 2)  An object which is either an optically violent variable quasar (OVV quasar) or a BL Lac object or which has properties of both.

Translations

 * Finnish: blasaari
 * Polish: blazar
 * Spanish: blazar
 * Swedish: blazar, blasar

 * Swedish:

title: blazar


text:
Talk:blazar

Is the pronunciation correct? Isn't the first "a" a long "a" (as in "blazer", which I imagine this word is a play on)? Presumbly, too, the second "a" is either as in "car" and so should have a length mark, or unstressed and should be replaced by a schwa. Does this then rhyme with quasar? — Paul G 15:40, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * The pronunciation is correct, at least as a WEAE transcription, (though I'd use IPAfied SAMPA, and add a secondary stress mark thus /ˈbleɪˌzɑr/). And it would rhyme with quasar.  —Muke Tever 19:01, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:blazar


text:
国字

Noun

 * 1) kokuji kanji invented outside of China

title: 国字


text:
รัก

Etymology 1
From a language; ultimately from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Outside Tai-Kadai, cognate with 🇨🇬, as in. The 🇨🇬 root possibly represents an allofam of the proto-root, (compare 🇨🇬), whence 🇨🇬, and possibly 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to love, to have affection (for), to adore, to admire, to cherish, to be fond (of); to prefer, to favour.

Noun

 * 1) love, affection, adoration, admiration, cherishment, fondness; preference, favour.

Adjective

 * 1) loved; beloved; adored; admired; cherished; dear; darling.

Etymology 2

Uncertain. Cognate with 🇨🇬. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  (ต้น~) crown flower: the plant  of the family.
 * 2)  (ดอก~) the flower of this plant.

Etymology 3
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  (ต้น~) : the plant  of the family.
 * 2)  (ดอก~) the flower of this plant.

title: รัก