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History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Columns/Magic Spark NSW

The "Magic Spark" column in Sydney's "Evening News" newspaper commenced Saturday 28 January 1922 and ran until Saturday 12 July 1924. It is thought to have been the first newspaper column devoted to wireless in Australia, though this needs to be confirmed by further research. The timing of the commencement of the column was at least fortuitous. The earliest columns highlighted the restrictive licensing practices of the day, especially in respect of amateur "experimental" transmitting licences; encouraged readers to write to their local members of parliament seeking relaxation of such provisions; and promoted the newish science of radio telegraphy and radio telephony. Its campaign (and those of others, especially the various State Divisions of the Wireless Institute of Australia) soon bore fruit with the Wireless Telegraphy Regulations 1922 legislative instrument. The publication period extended across the Wireless Regulations 1923 and oddly came to a conclusion around the time of the Wireless Regulations 1924. Anecdotally, the popularity of the column spread far beyond the traditional readership of the "Evening News" and today the column is highly regarded by radio historians.

Research to date has not revealed the author(s) of the column, but the consistency of style and purpose is indicative of a single author and this is supported by the consistent use of the nom de plume of "Dot Dash". In the final weeks of the column in mid-1924 the nom de plume became "Catwhisker" signalling a new author and indeed, an announcement in the column of 19 July 1924 indicated that henceforth the "Magic Spark" column would be printed every Monday.

The phrase "Magic Spark" was not widely used within Australia (or elsewhere in the world) prior to the advent of the "Magic Spark" newspaper column. In 1909 a work of prose by E. Francis "The Flying Word" published in the Bulletin, pays tribute to wireless telegraphy in the rescue of passengers and crew following the collision between the Republic and the Florida: But that white, crackling spark that leaps, Across Infinity, No pole-strung, copper highway keeps — It flies o’er land and sea. The racing liner, out of sight, Beyond the world’s grey rim, Flings back across the rolling night, The message gay or grim; The cry for help, the last good-bye, Ride on the magic spark, That, ghost-like, flies beneath the sky, And scorns the groping dark. An article article in 1912 about the litigation between the Maritime Wireless Company and Australasian Wireless Co relating to alleged breach of wireless patents was headed "Magic Spark". There are scattered references to the phrase in various contexts from the late 1800s, particularly in respect of developments in electricity and electrical lighting. Following the success of the column, in 1922 and 1923, the Marconi School of Wireless, owned and operated by Amalgamated Wireless Australasia, adopted the phrase as a heading for many of its advertisements in the Sydney Evening News. But once the "Magic Spark" column retreated into oblivion, so too did the use of the phrase.

Prolific author Robert Rowan Walker revitalised the phrase "Magic Spark" for the title of his excellent 192 page book "The Magic Spark, Fifty Years of Radio in Australia". Unfortunately he did not credit the Magic Spark column, despite the phrase undoubtedly deriving from that source.

Resources
A comprehensive summary of matters pertaining to the Magic Spark Column NSW has not yet been prepared, however the following resources have been assembled in preparation:

 * Research - Magic Spark Column NSW - Summary of research to date

 * Transcriptions and Notes - Magic Spark Column NSW - More than 130 transcriptions of entire columns (out of a total of more than 130 columns) and notes, primarily from the NLA's Trove, all identified to date and tagged "Magic Spark Column NSW"

Columns where little able to be transcribed:

1922 09 30

1923 01 27

 * Photos and other graphics - Magic Spark Column NSW - Nothing uploaded as yet, no material identified as yet

 * Incubator of Wikipedia Article on Magic Spark Column NSW - Coming real soon now!

= In-line citations =


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User talk:119.18.35.226

--Xania   talk 02:48, 7 August 2023 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:119.18.35.226


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User:Marulasiddappa

Welcome to Media Wiki

title: User:Marulasiddappa


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User:Anil Shaligram

"Public Digital Backbone"

title: User:Anil Shaligram


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Public Digital Backbone

INTRODUCTION

“Digital Public Infrastructure is a key enabler for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and ensuring that no one is left behind in the digital age.”  Bill Gates

Public Digital Backbone is a term that refers to the digital infrastructure that enables the flow of people, money, and information in a secure, efficient, and inclusive manner. Public Digital Backbone can be seen as a public good that fosters innovation, governance, and social welfare.

One of the countries that has successfully developed a Public Digital Backbone is India. India has created a set of platforms and services that are collectively known as India Stack. India Stack includes Aadhaar, a biometric identification system that covers over 1.2 billion people; UPI, a real-time payment system that handles over 2 billion transactions per month; and DEPA, a consent-based data sharing system that empowers individuals to access and control their own data.

India's Public Digital Backbone has enabled various benefits for its citizens, government, and businesses. For example, it has improved access to financial services, reduced corruption and leakage in welfare schemes, enhanced public service delivery, and fostered digital innovation and entrepreneurship.

Public Digital Backbone is not only relevant for India, but also for other countries that want to leverage the potential of digital technologies for social and economic development. However, building a Public Digital Backbone requires careful design and collaboration among various stakeholders, such as government, regulators, private sector, civil society, and academia. It also requires addressing the challenges and risks of data privacy, security, inclusion, and governance.

 /In the News /

1. Why European digital protection acts are superior than other similar acts in the world?

European digital protection acts, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), are often considered superior to other similar acts in the world:

''1. Stronger Privacy Rights: GDPR grants individuals robust rights over their personal data, including the right to access, rectify, and erase their data, as well as the right to data portability and the right to be forgotten. These rights provide individuals with greater control and transparency over their data.''

''2. Extraterritorial Application: GDPR has extraterritorial reach, meaning it applies not only to EU-based organizations but also to any organization processing EU residents' data, regardless of their location. This global applicability sets a high standard for data protection worldwide.''

3. Strict Consent Requirements: GDPR mandates clear and explicit consent for data processing, ensuring that individuals are well-informed and have actively consented to how their data is used.

''4. Heavy Fines for Non-Compliance: GDPR imposes significant fines for non-compliance, which can be up to 4% of a company's global annual revenue. These substantial penalties act as a strong deterrent and motivate organizations to comply with the regulations.''

5. Data Protection Impact Assessments: GDPR requires organizations to conduct data protection impact assessments (DPIAs) for high-risk data processing activities, promoting a proactive approach to data protection.

6. Data Protection Officers: GDPR mandates the appointment of Data Protection Officers (DPOs) in certain cases, ensuring that organizations have dedicated personnel responsible for compliance.

7. International Data Transfer Mechanisms: GDPR provides mechanisms like Standard Contractual Clauses (SCCs) and Binding Corporate Rules (BCRs) to facilitate international data transfers while maintaining data protection standards.

8. Comprehensive Scope: GDPR covers a wide range of data types and processing activities, making it one of the most comprehensive data protection regulations globally.

''While GDPR is often considered stringent, its effectiveness in protecting individuals' privacy and promoting responsible data handling has led to its recognition as a gold standard for data protection, influencing other countries and regions in shaping their own data protection laws. However, the effectiveness of any data protection act also depends on its enforcement and the commitment of the relevant authorities to uphold it.''

***

2. Why Data Protection Acts are Necessary? '' Data protection acts are essential for safeguarding individual privacy, fostering trust in technology, and promoting responsible data practices in the digital age. As our reliance on data continues to grow, so too does the importance of strong data protection legislation. ''

Data protection acts are crucially important in today's world for several reasons:

Protecting Individual Privacy:

'' Preventing Misuse of Personal Data: They safeguard individuals' fundamental right to privacy by setting rules and limitations on how organizations can collect, use, and disclose personal information. This helps prevent misuse of data for discriminatory practices, surveillance, or unwanted marketing.''

'' Transparency and Control: These acts empower individuals with control over their own data. They give individuals the right to access, correct, and even request deletion of their personal information held by organizations. This transparency and control over their data empower individuals and foster trust in the digital ecosystem.''

Ensuring Fair and Ethical Data Practices:

'' Preventing Discrimination and Bias: Data protection acts promote fair and ethical data practices by prohibiting discrimination based on sensitive personal data such as race, religion, or political beliefs. This helps ensure that algorithms and decision-making processes relying on personal data are responsible and unbiased.''

'' Building Trust in Technology: Strong data protection regulations build trust in technology by assuring individuals that their information is handled responsibly and ethically. This trust is essential for encouraging broader adoption of digital technologies and fostering a healthy digital economy.''

Promoting Data Security and Accountability:

'' Mitigating Data Breaches and Leaks: Data protection acts introduce mandatory security measures to protect personal data from unauthorized access, breaches, and leaks. This can help mitigate the risks associated with cybercrime and data security threats.''

'' Holding Organizations Accountable: These acts hold organizations accountable for their data handling practices. They set clear enforcement mechanisms and potential penalties for non-compliance, motivating organizations to invest in proper data security measures and comply with data protection regulations.''

Examples of Data Protection Acts:

'' General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR): The European Union's GDPR is considered a global benchmark for data protection legislation. It has influenced data protection laws in many other countries.''

 California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA): California's CCPA is another influential data protection law that grants Californians significant rights over their personal data.

 Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (India): India's recently enacted Digital Personal Data Protection Act aims to regulate the collection, use, and storage of personal data in the country.

***

'''3. What was oil in yesterday's economy is data for today's economy. Or is it more?'''

''In today's digital age, data has become a fundamental driver of economic growth and innovation, akin to the role that oil played in previous economies. Data is generated at an unprecedented rate from various sources such as social media, sensors, and transactions. This data holds immense potential for businesses and governments alike. Companies use data analytics to gain insights into customer behavior, optimize operations, and develop new products and services. Governments leverage data to make informed policy decisions and improve public services.''

''What sets data apart from oil is its versatility and scalability. While oil was primarily used for energy and manufacturing, data has a wide range of applications. It fuels artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms, enabling automation and personalized recommendations. Data also plays a crucial role in healthcare, where it supports research, diagnostics, and treatment planning. Furthermore, data has the power to address global challenges such as climate change, as it facilitates monitoring and modeling of environmental factors.''

'' However, the value of data is accompanied by important considerations related to privacy, security, and ethics. As data becomes more central to our economies, societies need to address these concerns through regulations and responsible data practices. So, data has become the lifeblood of the modern economy, surpassing the role that oil played in the past, and its responsible management is essential for a sustainable and innovative future. ''

***

4. Does European Union Digital Services Act matters to us?

The EU's Digital Services Act (DSA) actually became operational in two stages, first very large and then smaller service providers, Europe as well as by the rest of the world:

'' 1. For large platforms: Most of the DSA's rules began applying to Very Large Online Platforms (VLOPs) and Very Large Online Search Engines (VLOSEs) with over 45 million active users in the EU on 25 August 2023. These platforms include giants like Google, Facebook, Twitter, and Amazon.''

'' 2. For all platforms: For all other online platforms, regardless of size, the DSA will become fully operational on 17 February 2024. This means all platforms operating in the EU, or targeting EU users, will need to comply with the act's requirements.''

' What are the implications of the European Act? '

 EU's New Digital Services Act: Global Implications

The Digital Services Act (DSA) is a landmark EU regulation that aims to create a safer and more transparent online environment by holding tech giants accountable for the content on their platforms. While it primarily applies to platforms operating within the EU, its reach extends beyond its borders through several potential impacts on non-EU regions:

Content Regulation: Platforms may be compelled to adopt stricter content moderation policies to comply with DSA's rules on illegal and harmful content. This could impact content access and expression outside the EU, raising concerns about censorship and stifling online discourse.

Increased Costs: Complying with the DSA's obligations may be costly for platforms, potentially leading to higher prices for users in non-EU regions.

Innovation and Competition: The DSA's focus on transparency and open platforms could benefit smaller, non-EU tech companies by creating a more level playing field. However, its emphasis on removing harmful content could also hinder innovation and development of new online services.

Global Standards: The DSA could set a precedent for online content regulation, influencing other countries to adopt similar laws. This could create a more harmonized global approach to online safety but also raise concerns about data privacy and sovereignty.

***

5. Art generated NOT by AI but by great artists 'on AI' and 'for the HUMANITY'

Not machine generated 'hallucination' but co-evolution

''In considering AI’s potential, it can be tempting to channel the techno-optimism of the 1990s, when IBM’s Deep Blue triumphed over the world chess champion, unleashing a wave of interdisciplinary interest in how AI might be deployed and commercialized in other domains. But it can also be tempting to adopt the opposing view and insist that AI will become an intolerable threat to most people’s livelihoods and perhaps even to human existence itself.''

''Both reactions are not new: they have often accompanied the emergence of major innovations. They also make similar mistakes, because both treat technological progress as if it were something separate from us. Nowadays, the optimists fixate on what AI might do for us, while the pessimists worry about what it will do to us. But the question we should be asking is what AI will do with us.''

''This question is as pertinent to fine art as it is to finance, despite the apparent differences between these domains of quintessentially human activity. New-media art is best understood as a dialogue between experimentation and tradition. The human longing for novelty and tradition are mutually dependent: Only by appreciating what came before an artwork can we comprehend what makes it new. No work is fully independent of cultural heritage, just as light cannot be understood in the absence of darkness.''

''Dvorak Dreams, a collaborative AI art project, demonstrates the potential of AI to enhance and extend human creativity, enriching cultural heritage. Artists can guide AI's role in society. Human input shapes AI's output, making it meaningful and beneficial. We need a symbiotic relationship. ''

***

6. 'Right to be forgotten' RTBF on the Internet?

The "right to be forgotten," RTBF also known as the "right to erasure," is a complex and evolving legal concept with implications for privacy, freedom of expression on the Internet.

What it is?

The right for individuals to request the deletion of their personal data from online platforms, particularly search engines.

Aims to give individuals control over their online presence and prevent the past from perpetually defining their present.

It is Primarily in the European Union under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Other countries like Argentina and the Philippines have similar laws. But not yet recognized in the US.

How it works?

Individuals can submit erasure requests to search engines like Google. Search engines must assess if the information is "inadequate, irrelevant, no longer relevant, or excessive" and if there's a public interest in keeping it available. Search engines can delist or demote search results, but not necessarily remove them entirely.

***

'''6. Unlocking India's Purple Sector: DPI and ONDC within Beckn Protocol are boon for disables and socially vulnerables. Author: Shanti Raghavan, founder, Enable India and Ashoka Fellow for Social Entrepreneurship'''

''DPI and ONDC is boon and groundbreaking advancement for individuals with disabilities and socially vulnerable populations. They provide a comprehensive digital framework that enhances accessibility and inclusivity across various sectors, including transportation services like autos and taxis. By enabling seamless discoverability and access to specialized products and services, this integrated system empowers individuals with disabilities, enhancing their mobility, access to healthcare, education, and employment opportunities, ultimately improving their quality of life and socioeconomic prospects.''

''The article discusses the significant potential of disability-inclusive infrastructure in India, referred to as the 'purple sector.' This sector encompasses a broad range of opportunities, including mobility, housing, healthcare, financial services, and commerce, all aimed at improving the lives of persons with disabilities. With an estimated 30 million to 150 million people with disabilities in India, there is a substantial market waiting to be tapped. The article highlights the role of India's digital public infrastructure, such as Aadhaar and the Unified Payments Interface (UPI), in enabling the development of disability-friendly services and products.''

''The key to unlocking this potential lies in addressing four critical aspects of disability inclusion: discoverability, trust, access, and the cost of innovation. These aspects are essential for ensuring that appropriate products and services for persons with disabilities are readily available and accessible. The Beckn Protocol is mentioned as a crucial technology layer enabling digital public goods like ONDC and Namma Yatri to cater to the disability-inclusive digital economy.''

''The article emphasizes the importance of implementing this framework across various digital public goods to empower persons with disabilities to actively contribute to India's economic growth. It highlights examples of how healthcare apps and educational tools integrated into the digital infrastructure can benefit individuals like Meena, providing them with access to specialized services, skill development, and employment opportunities. Ultimately, the article envisions a future where disability-inclusive infrastructure plays a pivotal role in enhancing the lives of millions of people with disabilities in India while contributing to the country's economic development. ''

***

8. AI can detect cancer at Tata Memorial Hospital

CONSIDER THIS scenario: With a simple click, doctors will be able to assess the hardness, texture and elasticity of tumours including gaining insights into the likelihood of a patient's survival and responsiveness to chemotherapy.

''Once the stuff of sci-fi, an initiative by Mumbai's Tata Memorial Hospital, India's largest cancer hospital, is doing just that-deploying deep learning to teach Artificial Intelligence (AI) how to diagnose cancer early on. This detection tool, doctors say, will also help avoid unnecessary chemotherapy for predicted non-responders.''

''With its Bioimaging Bank having integrated 60,000 digital scans of cancer patients over the past year, the hospital has laid the groundwork to develop a cancer-specific algorithm. It has also started using Al to reduce radiation exposure for paediatric patients undergoing CT scans.''

***

9. 'Inevitable India' rings especially true in the sphere of technology

'Inevitable India' rings especially true in the sphere of technology The article "Inevitable India" by Debjani Ghosh, President Nasscom highlights India's remarkable contributions to the global digital transformation. In the early 2000s, India unveiled the globally lauded tourism campaign, "Incredible India." Fast-forward to the present. Harvard Business School posed a compelling question: If India were to initiate another global campaign today, what should encapsulate its essence? Its recommendation, "Inevitable India," Based on the design principles of inclusion, security and ecosystem-driven development, India's DPI network has laid the groundwork for economic growth where no one is left behind. Our mantra of innovating for scale at the grassroots level and then moving up, as opposed to the Western norm of top-heavy innovation that trickles down, positions India as one of the few countries realizing the vision of a truly inclusive and human- centric digital economy

''This won't be just a triumph for India; it's a promise we will make a positive global impact that will be valued by people in the farthest reaches of the world. ''

***

10. Indian AI: What is it, and can we make one?

- Indian AI is an aspirational concept referring to AI models trained on datasets relevant to India's diverse culture and languages. - Western-centric internet data can introduce biases, making it essential for AI in India to account for local sensibilities and languages. - AI can differ by region and culture due to variations in language understanding and addressing India-specific societal and political nuances.

Differences in Indian Datasets: - India's AI policy, the India AI Programme, aims to create unique datasets, including languages spoken in India. - These datasets will be handled by a government-affiliated data governance office and will prioritize anonymized and non-personal user data. - While existing AI models include Indic languages, primary training data is often in English, making India-specific datasets crucial.

Components of the India AI Programme: - The India AI Programme will offer researchers access to Indic language databases, serving as a valuable research repository. - It will also focus on developing indigenous computing power, including data center capabilities and custom silicon designs, likely through public-private partnerships.

Private Sector Initiatives: - Startups like Sarvam AI have introduced open-source AI models for non-English languages, such as Hindi. - Yotta, a data center firm, partnered with Nvidia to facilitate cloud-based access for startups training AI models. - Ola has hinted at developing a foundational AI model for India but hasn't provided detailed information.

Key Challenges in Developing Indian AI: - A significant challenge is the scarcity of organized, publicly available datasets in Indic languages. - Creating such datasets is more expensive compared to sourcing data in English. - India's proposal to design custom silicon for AI will require substantial investments, likely exceeding $1 billion. (Source: Mint, 19 December 2023)

***

11. India will emerge as the world's foremost user of AI says Nandan Nilekani

''In a recent article, Infosys co-founder and chairman Nandan Nilekani and Tanuj Bhojwani, head of People+AI, shared their belief that India is poised to become the world's leading user of artificial intelligence (AI) by the end of this decade. They argue that India's unique advantages include a young and well-connected population, favorable policies, and significant infrastructure investments. India's demographic dividend, with a median age of 28 compared to Europe's 44, places a higher share of the population in the working age bracket. However, India's diversity, linguistic barriers, and varying literacy rates present challenges that AI can help overcome by providing innovative solutions in areas like healthcare, education, agriculture, and sustainability.''

''Nilekani and Bhojwani highlight India's readiness for AI adoption, citing over 790 million mobile broadband users and the success of digital public infrastructure systems like Aadhaar and the Unified Payments Interface. They emphasize that India's lack of legacy systems allows it to build AI-first solutions from the ground up, with a focus on data control and public trust. They also point to government initiatives like the PM-Kisan chatbot, which aids farmers in accessing benefits, as an example of early AI adoption. India's vibrant tech ecosystem, driven by booming IT exports, further supports the growth of AI innovation and solutions.''

''So, Nilekani and Bhojwani believe that India's potential in AI is based on its unique circumstances, readiness, and willingness to address real-world problems with technology. They stress the importance of focusing on problem-solving rather than fixating solely on the technology itself. This perspective suggests that India is well-positioned to lead the world in AI usage in the coming years. ''

(We are finding this article very interesting. So we are providing highlights of the article. Those who are interested to know a few more pertinent things can go ahead and read on. Others can skip without much loss. Editors)

1. "India needs it": India is positioned as a probable beneficiary of the "China plus one" concept, making it the most likely choice for global companies looking to diversify from China.

2. Demographic Advantage: India's 1.4 billion population, coupled with a younger average age compared to Europe, means a significant portion of its population is of working age, offering a demographic advantage.

3. Complex Challenges: India's unique challenges, including linguistic diversity and varying literacy rates, require innovative AI solutions to address issues in healthcare, education, agriculture, and sustainability.

4. AI as a Bridge: AI has the potential to overcome barriers such as language diversity by enabling people to access services through natural language, particularly benefiting those with lower literacy rates.

5. "India is ready for it": India's young and well-connected population, with over 790 million mobile broadband users, provides a strong foundation for AI adoption.

6. Digital Public Infrastructure: Successes like the Aadhaar system and the Unified Payments Interface showcase India's readiness for AI, as they form the basis for AI-first systems.

7. Data Control: India's data control framework, including the Account Aggregator framework, fosters public trust and encourages data utilization in AI applications.

8. Government Initiatives: Initiatives like the PM-Kisan chatbot demonstrate the government's early adoption of AI to bridge language barriers and improve access to benefits.

9. Tech Ecosystem: India's vibrant tech ecosystem, fueled by IT exports, innovates and widely adopts digital public infrastructure, contributing to the growth of AI solutions.

10. AI in Education: AI's potential extends to education, helping close literacy gaps and transforming administrative tasks.

11. Problem-Solving Focus: The authors stress the importance of a strategic plan that prioritizes solving real-world problems over fixating solely on the technology itself.

Note: For going to the original article 'Unlocking India's Potential with AI', Nilekani and Bhojwani : https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2023/12/POV-unlocking-india-potential-with-AI-Nilekani-Bhojwani

 To read click on BLUE Title links to go into CHAPTERS

Table of Contents

/Preface: Empowering India Digitally/ -The reason for choosing the title -Trailblazers of Modern India: Innovations and Pioneers in Science and Technology -The Dual Face of Digital India -Digital Transformation: Challenging Dominance and Shaping Socio-Political Landscapes -Significance of Nandan Nilekani's Initiatives -Globalization and Digital Evolution and Socio-Economic Disparities in India

/Chapter 1. A Silent Revolution/ -Is there anything for the world to learn from India? -Comparing Western, Chinese, and Indian Approaches to Personal Identification. -Digital Advancements in India: Bridging Gaps and Building Trust. -Analyzing the Utilization of Digital Infrastructure in India.

/Chapter 2. History in the Making/ -The rise of the digital infrastructure -The Global South: An Analysis of Socio-Economic Divide.

/Chapter 3. India Stack:Plumbing for the Internet Age/

- Overview of India Stack components - Aadhaar: Biometric Identification - UPI: Real-Time Payment System - DEPA: Data Empowerment and Protection Architecture - Evolution and impact of India Stack

/Chapter 4. What is served on my plate? Benefits of Public Digital Backbone/

- Enhancing access to financial services - Streamlining welfare schemes and reducing corruption - Improving public service delivery - Fostering innovation and entrepreneurship

/Chapter 5. Building a Public Digital Backbone/ - Stakeholder collaboration - Role of government and regulators - The private sector's contribution - Civil society and public participation - Engaging academia for research and policy design - Design principles and components - Implementation challenges and solutions

/Chapter 6. Challenges and Risks/ - Data privacy concerns - Security and potential breaches - Inclusion: Ensuring no one is left behind - Governance models and oversight

/Chapter 7. Global Relevance/ What is happening around the world?

/Chapter 8. Conclusion/ - The future of Public Digital Backbone

/Glossary/

/Appendices/ - Relevant regulations and policies - Case studies from other countries

/Bibliography/

/Additional Related Topics/

/References/

title: Public Digital Backbone


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Talk:Public Digital Backbone

Why this book?
I think the title of the book and INTRODUCTION clarifies and indicates briefly what the textbook is upto. I invite other contributors to come forward and put their thoughts. If any clarification is needed I will be happy to provide.

Shortly, I will put forward the list of chapters and also some more content. Hopefully that will give the textbook project clearer direction. Anil Shaligram (discuss • contribs) 17:29, 7 August 2023 (UTC)

Contents
Now I have added contents for the textbook. I again invite contributors to come forward and start contributing to this textbook. Specifically, anybody can suggest modifications, additions to the contents that I have proposed. Anil Shaligram (discuss • contribs) 10:11, 8 August 2023 (UTC)

My Response to reading of 'Using Wikibooks'
As per your advise I have read it and downloaded. I am referring to it on various topics Anil Shaligram (discuss • contribs) 17:30, 8 August 2023 (UTC)

My Response to weather this page is created by accident or as a test.
This page is not created by accident or as a test but I want to make it as a serious textbook venture in the style of Wikibooks. Anil Shaligram (discuss • contribs) 17:37, 8 August 2023 (UTC)

About improving educational quality and intention.
As to the improving educational quality and intention of the textbook I have given INTRODUCTION and also Table of Contents. Intention is not to develop it as an article but into a textbook.Anil Shaligram (discuss • contribs) 17:47, 8 August 2023 (UTC)

Catagorisation
As far as Catagorisation of the textbook is concerned, my suggestion is that it should fall somewhere between the crossroads of 'Social Entrepreneurship', 'e-Governance', 'Free Software', 'Commons', 'Creativity & Economic Empowerment', 'Public Delevery System'. But I am not sure where it should exactly fit. Anil Shaligram (discuss • contribs) 05:59, 9 August 2023 (UTC)

Framework for contributions
I have tried to create a framework for the textbook so that others can contribute. I have tried to give sense of direction to the textbook project as understood by me. For that I have created chapters, with small intros and subheadings. Also I have put up a Glossary of terms with meanings. This should help other readers and contributors to edit and add as they feel. Anil Shaligram (discuss • contribs) 14:23, 11 August 2023 (UTC)

Categories again
As I mentioned in earlier Talk I feel multiple categories are necessary to cover this multifaceted and complex topic of Public Digital Backbone and a textbook related to that. This categorisation can help other contributors to think in various directions to enrich the textbook. So I have added those categories. Anil Shaligram (discuss • contribs) 15:27, 12 August 2023 (UTC)

Additional Related Topics
What was mentioned in the earlier Talk 'Categories again' as multiple categories is now clubbed together in 'Additional Related Topics' in a sepate section in the textbook itself. This I believe brings more clarity in navigating the topics meaningfully and can help other contributors to contribute freely. Anil Shaligram (discuss • contribs) 05:13, 14 August 2023 (UTC)

Change of title of first chapter
Title of the first chapter INTRODUCTION is changed to A Silent Revolution. Anil Shaligram (discuss • contribs) 08:10, 22 August 2023 (UTC)

Global changes and purpose of that.
Put the word 'Chapter' in contents before chapter numbers. I believe this helps reders to navigate the book more easily. In every chapter quotations be eminent people was added. These two changes were carried out throughout the book. This will facilitate contributors, readers and editors.@ Anil Shaligram (discuss • contribs) 15:39, 6 September 2023 (UTC)

Viewers information
I am interested to know how many people are viewing this wikibook. Can anybody from admin provide the information? Anil Shaligram (discuss • contribs) 19:13, 14 September 2023 (UTC)

 * I on my own could find the solution. It is: https://pageviews.wmcloud.org/?project=en.wikibooks.org&platform=all-access&agent=user&redirects=0&start=2023-08-02&end=2023-09-14&pages=Public_Digital_Backbone Anil Shaligram (discuss • contribs) 10:07, 15 September 2023 (UTC)

Preface
Today OmkarMungekar26 added Preface on the main page, created the Preface page and created content of the Preface.

I farmated the Preface page and made that neat and readable.

Anil Shaligram (discuss • contribs) 16:16, 30 September 2023 (UTC)

Links of Chapters
While editing this main or root page links of Chapters were lost. I tried to restore the Preface Chapter by cut paste. But now that is showing Category of a new book. So admin please help me to restore the links of Chaters. Anil Shaligram (discuss • contribs) 17:17, 5 December 2023 (UTC)

Issues resolved. No vandalism.
Many undos were done for some necessary corrections. We have resolved issues and then go ahead. Anil Shaligram (discuss • contribs) 09:26, 6 December 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Public Digital Backbone


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AP United States History/The Planting of English America

During the 1600s and early 1700s, England established its first successful colonies in North America. This period is known as the planting of English America. There were several key reasons why the English were interested in colonizing North America at this time.

First, England wanted to gain economic benefits from the new land. The English hoped to find gold and silver, as the Spanish had in Mexico and South America. They also planned to grow valuable cash crops, like tobacco, which could be sold back in England. Making money was a major motivator for English colonization.

Second, England was in competition with other European powers like France, Spain, and the Netherlands. By planting colonies, England could lay claim to North American territory before other countries did. The more land England controlled, the more powerful they were. Colonies boosted England's global influence and prestige.

Third, religious tensions in England fueled migration to America. Groups like the Puritans, who were persecuted for their religious beliefs, sought refuge in the new colonies. They hoped to build communities where they could practice their faith freely. This religious freedom was a big draw for many English settlers.

The first successful English colony was Jamestown, founded in Virginia in 1607. Early Jamestown nearly failed due to disease, famine, and conflict with local Native American tribes. But once the colonists discovered tobacco as a profitable export crop, the settlement began to thrive.

Other important early colonies included Plymouth, Massachusetts, founded by the Pilgrims in 1620, and the Massachusetts Bay Colony, started by the Puritans in 1630. Over time, England established control over the entire eastern seaboard of North America from Maine down to Georgia.

While motivated by economics, power, and religion, the planting of English America ultimately led to the development of what would one day become the United States. This period planted the seeds that grew into a new nation.


text:
User:Purity0808

html stacking

title: User:Purity0808


text:
User talk:Purity0808

infection cure

title: User talk:Purity0808


text:
Timeless Theorems of Mathematics/Rational Root Theorem

The rational root theorem states that, if a rational number $$\frac{p}{q}$$ (where $$p$$ and $$q$$ are relatively prime) is a root of a polynomial with integer coefficients, then $$p$$ is a factor of the constant term and $$q$$ is a factor of the leading coefficient. In other words, for the polynomial, $$P(x) = a_{n}x^n + a_{n-1}x^{n-1} + a_{n-2}x^{n-2} + ...+ a_0$$, if $$P\left( \frac{p}{q}\right) = 0$$, (where $$a_i\in\Z$$ and $$a_0, a_n \neq 0$$) then $$\frac{a_0}{p}\in\Z$$ and $$\frac{a_n}{q}\in\Z$$

Proof
Let $$P(x) = a_{n}x^n + a_{n-1}x^{n-1} + a_{n-2}x^{n-2} + ...+ a_0$$, where $$a_i\in\Z$$.

Assume $$P(\frac{p}{q}) = 0$$ for coprime $$p, q\in\Z$$. Therefore, $$P(\frac{p}{q})=a_n(\frac{p}{q})^n+a_{n-1}(\frac{p}{q})^{n-1} + a_{n-2}(\frac{p}{q})^{n-2}+...+a_1(\frac{p}{q})+a_0 = 0$$ $$\Rightarrow a_np^n + a_{n-1}p^{n-1}q+a_{n-2}p^{n-2}q^2+...+a_1pq^{n-1}+a_0q^n=0$$ $$\Rightarrow p(a_np^n-1 + a_{n-1}p^{n-2}q+a_{n-3}p^{n-2}q^2+...+a_1q^{n-1})=-a_0q^n$$

Let $$w=a_np^n-1 + a_{n-1}p^{n-2}q+a_{n-3}p^{n-2}q^2+...+a_1q^{n-1}\in\Z$$

Thus, $$w=-\frac{a_0q^n}{p}$$

As $$p$$ is coprime to $$q$$ and $$w\in\Z.$$, thus $$\frac{a_0}{p}\in\Z$$.

Again, $$a_np^n + a_{n-1}p^{n-1}q+a_{n-2}p^{n-2}q^2+...+a_1pq^{n-1}+a_0q^n=0$$ $$\Rightarrow q(a_{n-1}p^{n-1}+a_{n-2}p^{n-2}q+...+a_1pq^{n-2}+a_0q^{n-1})=-a_np^n$$

Let $$(a_{n-1}p^{n-1}+a_{n-2}p^{n-2}q+...+a_1pq^{n-2}+a_0q^{n-1})=v\in\Z$$

Thus, $$qv=-a_np^n$$ $$\Rightarrow v=-\frac{a_np^n}{q}$$

As $$q$$ is coprime to $$p$$ and $$v\in\Z.$$, thus $$\frac{a_n}{p}\in\Z$$.

$$\therefore$$ For $$P(x) = a_{n}x^n + a_{n-1}x^{n-1} + a_{n-2}x^{n-2} + ...+ a_0$$, if $$P(\frac{p}{q}) = 0$$, (where $$a_i\in\Z$$ and $$a_0, a_n \neq 0$$) then $$\frac{(a_0)}{p}\in\Z$$ and $$\frac{a_n}{q}\in\Z$$. [Proved]


text:
Authoring Webpages/Promote your website

What is Internet
The Internet is a vast network that connects computers all over the world. Through the Internet, people can share information and communicate from anywhere with an Internet connection.

title: Authoring Webpages/Promote your website


text:
Pozdrav, Džonatane!

Pozdrav, Džonatane! (Hello, Jonathan!) is the story of a young Englishman who goes to visit his friend in another European country...or so it would seem.

It is written entirely in the language Interslavic, and is based on the book Salute, Jonathan! which was crated to learn the Occidental language. As a grammatically more complex language, the Interslavic version diverges in places from the original book in Occidental.

Pozdrav, Džonatane! begins with very simple language. The words the reader knows are repeated and new words are added slowly and in context, so that no dictionary is required to read it. By the end of the book you will understand the entire Interslavic grammar, will have a somewhat large vocabulary and will be very used to the language - after all, you will have finished a whole book in it already!

The method in the book is based on the same used in books such as English by the Nature Method, Le français par la méthode nature, and L'italiano secondo il metodo natura, as well as Hans Ørberg's Lingua Latina per se Illustrata.

Curious about the true nature of the story in the book? You will begin to get clues as to the true story as the chapters progress. Pozdrav, Džonatane! is in fact a full translation of a classic book that you are likely very familiar with. Read on to find out!

Chapters
Chapter 1 --

title: Pozdrav, Džonatane!


text:
Talk:Pozdrav, Džonatane!

Grammatical concepts

Indicate chapter in which concepts are introduced:

Noun declension: Adjective declension:

title: Talk:Pozdrav, Džonatane!


text:
Pozdrav, Džonatane!/Glava 1

Sodržanje - Glava 1 - Glava 2 - Glava 3

Maj 1
Jest muž. Muž jest "Džonatan". Či Džonatan jest žena? Ne, Džonatan ne jest žena. Či Džonatan jest muž? Da, Džonatan jest muž.

(muž:👨🏻, žena: 👩, ne: ❌, da: ✅)

Džonatan kaže: "Ja jesm Džonatan. Ja jesm muž. Či ja jesm žena? Haha, ne. Ja jesm muž.

Džonatan vidi grad i kaže: "Oh, jest Minhen! Minhen jest grad!"

(kaže:🗣, vidi: 👀, grad: 🏙)

Džonatan vidi Minhen. Džonatan jest muž: on vidi Minhen. On vidi Minhen, ne ona vidi Minhen.

On jest muž, ona jest žena. On: muž. Ona: žena.

Džonatan mysli: "Oh, Minhen jest veliky grad! Minhen jest grad, i Minhen jest veliky. Ja jesm jedin (1) muž, ale Minhen...dva (2)? Tri (3)? Sto (100)? Tyseč (1000)? Oh, ja ne znam! Ne znam. Minhen jest veliky grad!"

(mysli: 💭, ne znam: 🤷)

Džonatan mysli: "Minhen jest veliky grad." Džonatan mysli že Minhen jest veliky grad.

Džonatan vidi vlak. Džonatan kaže: "Pozdrav, vlake!" Džonatan vidi vlak i kaže "Pozdrav, vlake!" Džonatan ne kaže "Pozdrav, vlak!"

(vlak: 🚂, pozdrav: 👋)

Džonatan mysli: "London jest moj grad. Jesm Londonec. Ja vidim London i myslim: London jest moj grad. Ale vidim Minhen i ne myslim: Minhen jest moj grad." Ja jesm Londonec, ne Minhenec.

Džonatan vidi dnevnik i mysli: "Ah, moj dnevnik! Hmm...ja vidim dnevnik...ah ha. Vot ime, i moj grad. Ime: Džonatan. Grad: London. Da, moj grad jest London."

(dnevnik: 📝 vot: "Vidi!")

Dzonatan stoji i vidi grad. On piše: "Ja jesm Džonatan. Ime: Džonatan. Ja stojim i vidim vlak, i vidim grad. Grad jest veliky, takože vlak jest veliky. Ale dnevnik ne jest veliky. Vot, dnevnik jest maly."

Džonatan vidi: jest muž. Jest iny muž. Muž ne jest Džonatan; jest iny muž.

Džonatan mysli: "Vot iny muž! Ne jest ja, jest iny muž. Kto on jest? Čto jest ime? Či on jest Minhenec? Hmm...ja myslim..."

Iny muž kaže: "Či vy jeste Londonec?"

Džonatan kaže: "Da, jesm Londonec! Vy jeste razumlivy. Či vy jeste Minhenec?"

Iny muz: "Da! Kto vy jeste?"

Džonatan: "Ja jesm Džonatan."

Iny muž: "Pozdrav, Džonatane!"

Džonatan: "I kto jeste?"

Iny muž: "Ja jesm Wilhelm."

Džonatan: "Pozdrav, Wilhelme! Minhen jest veliky grad!"

Iny muž: "Ja znam že Minhen jest veliky grad."

Džonatan: "Haha, da. Vy jeste Minhenec i znajete vaš grad."

Iny muz: "Da, jesm Minhenec i znam moj grad...oh, Džonatane, vaš vlak! Kde jest vaš vlak?"

Džonatan: "Ah...kde jest? Kde jest moj vlak? Ne! Ah, da! Vot moj vlak. Do viděnja, Wilhelme!"

Iny muž: "Do viděnja, Džonatane!"

Ja, moj / vy, vaš
Džonatan kaže: "Jest vlak. Vlak jest moj vlak."

Wilhelm kaže: "Jest vlak. Ne jest moj vlak; jest vaš vlak."

Džonatan kaže: "Jest grad Minhen. Minhen ne jest moj grad; jest vaš grad."

Wilhelm kaže: "Jest grad Minhen. Minhen jest moj grad."

-e
Vot Džonatan i Wilhem.

Džonatan kaze: "Pozdrav, Wilhelme!"

Wilhelm kaže: "Pozdrav, Džonatane!"

Wilhelm jest ime, i Džonatan jest ime. Ime + ! = -e.

Oh, jest iny muž, ime jest Fritz.

Džonatan kaže: "Pozdrav, Fritze!"

Slova

 * či
 * čto
 * da: ✅
 * da ↔ ne
 * dobry: 👍
 * grad: 🏙
 * jedin = 1
 * jest
 * kaže 🗣
 * kde  🗺 🤷♂
 * kto
 * Minhen:
 * mysli: 💭
 * ne: ❌
 * muž 👨🏻
 * piše 🖋
 * pozdrav 👋 (pozdrav ↔ do viděnja)
 * razumlivy 🧠
 * stoji 🧍
 * vidi 👀
 * vlak 🚂
 * že

Slova i čestota
(Kod)

 * ah: 4
 * ale: 3
 * da: 8
 * dnevnik: 6
 * do: 2
 * dva: 1
 * dzonatan: 1
 * džonatan: 32
 * džonatane: 3
 * glava: 2
 * grad: 21
 * ha: 1
 * haha: 2
 * hmm: 2
 * i: 13
 * ime: 4
 * iny: 11
 * ja: 16
 * jedin: 1
 * jesm: 12
 * jest: 39
 * jeste: 6
 * kaže: 8
 * kde: 3
 * kto: 3
 * london: 5
 * londonec: 4
 * maj: 1
 * maly: 1
 * minhen: 17
 * minhenec: 5
 * moj: 9
 * muz: 2
 * muž: 22
 * mysli: 7
 * myslim: 3
 * ne: 15
 * oh: 4
 * on: 7
 * ona: 3
 * piše: 1
 * pozdrav: 6
 * prva: 1
 * razumlivy: 1
 * sto: 1
 * stoji: 1
 * stojim: 1
 * takože: 1
 * tri: 1
 * tyseč: 1
 * vaš: 3
 * veliky: 10
 * vidi: 12
 * vidim: 5
 * viděnja: 2
 * vlak: 10
 * vlake: 2
 * vot: 5
 * vy: 5
 * wilhelm: 1
 * wilhelme: 2
 * znajete: 1
 * znam: 5
 * či: 6
 * čto: 1
 * že: 2
 * žena: 6

|1

title: Pozdrav, Džonatane!/Glava 1


text:
Arithmetic/Number Operations/Division

Division is one of the four basic operations of arithmetic. The operation is usually shown by the division symbol (÷). This is the act of taking a number, and fragmenting it by using another number. The objective is usually to find how many times a number can fit in another number.

How many times can 2 fit into 4? This operation would be written as:

4 ÷ 2

In this case, 4 is the number we want to divide, and 2 is the number we want to divide 4 with. Thus, 4 is the dividend and 2 is the divisor.

It's important to note that this is a type of division titled: partition division.

title: Arithmetic/Number Operations/Division


text:
User:Itspossiblyme

Hi. I'm user Itspossiblyme. I will most likely be spending my time editing and expanding chess information on WikiBooks.

title: User:Itspossiblyme


text:
Timeless Theorems of Mathematics/Law of Cosines

The law of cosines explains the relation between the sides and an angle of a triangle. The law states that for any triangle $$\Delta ABC$$, if $$\angle ACB=\theta$$, $$AB=c$$, $$AC=b$$ and $$BC=a$$, then $$c^2 = a^2+b^2-2ab\cdot \cos\theta$$. For $$\theta=\frac{\pi}{2}, \Delta ABC$$ is a right angle and $$c^2 = a^2 + b^2$$, we have proved it as the pythagorean theorem earlier.

Statement
In any triangle, the square of one side's length is equal to the difference between the sum of the squares of the other two sides' lengths and twice the product of those two sides' lengths and the cosine of the included angle.

Assume, $$\Delta ABC$$ is a triangle where $$\angle ACB=\theta,$$ $$AB=c$$ $$AC=b$$ and $$BC=a.$$ It is needed to be proved that, $$c^2 = a^2+b^2-2ab\cdot \cos\theta$$.

Let us extend the line segment $$BC$$ to $$BD$$ (only for obtuse triangles), where $$AD\perp BD$$. Assume $$AD=h$$ and $$CD = k$$.

For obtuse triangles:
According to the Pythagorean theorem, we can say that, for $$\Delta ACD,$$ $$b^2 = k^2 + h^2$$

Similarly, for the triangle $$\Delta ABD,$$ $$c^2 = h^2 + (a+k)^2$$ $$= h^2 + a^2 + k^2 + 2ak$$ $$= a^2 + b^2 + 2ak$$.

We will be using this value for further proof. But now, let's determine some trigonometric values for the triangles.

Here, $$\angle ACD = \pi - \theta$$.

Therefore, $$\frac{k}{b} = \cos(\pi -\theta)$$

Or, $$k = b\cdot\cos(\pi-\theta)$$ $$= b[\cos(\pi)\cdot cos(\theta) + \sin(\pi)\cdot \sin(\theta)]$$ $$= -b\cdot\cos(\theta)$$

Now, $$c^2 = a^2 + b^2 + 2ak$$.

$$\therefore c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2ab\cdot\cos\theta$$. [Proved]

For acute angles:
Like as the proof we have proved before, according to the Pythagorean theorem, we can say that, for $$\Delta ACD,$$ $$b^2 = k^2 + h^2$$

Similarly, for the triangle $$\Delta ABD,$$ $$c^2 = h^2 + (a-k)^2$$ $$= h^2 + a^2 + k^2 - 2ak$$ $$= a^2 + b^2 - 2ak$$.

Here, $$\angle ACD = \theta$$.

Therefore, $$\frac{k}{b} = \cos\theta$$ $$\Rightarrow k = b\cdot\cos\theta$$

Now, $$c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2ak$$.

$$\therefore c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2ab\cdot\cos\theta$$. [Proved]

[Note: Whatever the triangle is, the formula, $$c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2ab\cdot\cos\theta$$ works.]


text: Category:Chadian recipes

title: Category:Chadian recipes


text: Category:Togolese recipes

title: Category:Togolese recipes


text:
Canadian Refugee Procedure/95-97 - Refugee Protection, Convention Refugees and Persons in Need of Protection

IRPA Sections 95-97
Sections 95-97 of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act read: DIVISION 1

Refugee Protection, Convention Refugees and Persons in Need of Protection

Conferral of refugee protection 95 (1) Refugee protection is conferred on a person when (a) the person has been determined to be a Convention refugee or a person in similar circumstances under a visa application and becomes a permanent resident under the visa or a temporary resident under a temporary resident permit for protection reasons; (b) the Board determines the person to be a Convention refugee or a person in need of protection; or (c) except in the case of a person described in subsection 112(3), the Minister allows an application for protection.

Protected person (2) A protected person is a person on whom refugee protection is conferred under subsection (1), and whose claim or application has not subsequently been deemed to be rejected under subsection 108(3), 109(3) or 114(4).

Convention refugee 96 A Convention refugee is a person who, by reason of a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group or political opinion, (a) is outside each of their countries of nationality and is unable or, by reason of that fear, unwilling to avail themself of the protection of each of those countries; or (b) not having a country of nationality, is outside the country of their former habitual residence and is unable or, by reason of that fear, unwilling to return to that country.

Person in need of protection 97 (1) A person in need of protection is a person in Canada whose removal to their country or countries of nationality or, if they do not have a country of nationality, their country of former habitual residence, would subject them personally (a) to a danger, believed on substantial grounds to exist, of torture within the meaning of Article 1 of the Convention Against Torture; or (b) to a risk to their life or to a risk of cruel and unusual treatment or punishment if (i) the person is unable or, because of that risk, unwilling to avail themself of the protection of that country, (ii) the risk would be faced by the person in every part of that country and is not faced generally by other individuals in or from that country, (iii) the risk is not inherent or incidental to lawful sanctions, unless imposed in disregard of accepted international standards, and (iv) the risk is not caused by the inability of that country to provide adequate health or medical care.

Person in need of protection (2) A person in Canada who is a member of a class of persons prescribed by the regulations as being in need of protection is also a person in need of protection.

IRPA s. 95: Refugee protection is conferred on a person in the specific circumstances and it ceases as specified in s. 95(2)
A question can arise about how these provisions interact with Canadian citizenship. In Canada v. Zaric, the court concluded that Mr. Zaric automatically ceased to be a Convention refugee under international law when he acquired Canadian citizenship. However, this did not mean that he automatically ceased to be a protected person under Canadian domestic law, specifically subsection 95(2) of the IRPA.

The humanitarian and compassionate process applies to those who face a risk to their lives as a result of a country's inability to provide adequate health or medical care
The humanitarian and compassionate process set out in s. 25 of the IRPA applies to, among others, those who face a risk to their lives as a result of a country's inability to provide adequate health or medical care. It specifically provides an exception to the bar on past refugee claimants applying for permanent residence on humanitarian and compassionate reasons for this reason. See: Canadian Refugee Procedure/25 - Humanitarian and compassionate considerations — request of foreign national.


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/General Internal Medicine

General Internal Medicine
General Internal Medicine
 * Page incorrectly created as a book
 * Done --Xania [[Image:Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Mann.svg|15px]] [[Image:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg|15px]] talk 04:19, 19 April 2022 (UTC)


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/Transwiki:Termina,Transwiki:Spectacle Rock,Transwiki:Zelda franchise strategy guide/Locations/Lost Woods,Transwiki:Lost Woods,Transwiki:Gerudo Valley,Transwiki:Subrosia,Transwiki:Lon Lon Ranch,Transwiki:Koholint Island

== Transwiki:Termina,Transwiki:Spectacle Rock,Transwiki:Zelda franchise strategy guide/Locations/Lost Woods,Transwiki:Lost Woods,Transwiki:Gerudo Valley,Transwiki:Subrosia,Transwiki:Lon Lon Ranch,Transwiki:Koholint Island ==

Was doing my first transwiki imports after a while due to a request for import, and I forgot about the auto redirect feature when moving content to mainspace. Not sure if deletion is needed, but I'd note my mistake here, just in case. --Mbrickn (discuss • contribs) 19:25, 30 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Speedied. --Minorax «¦talk¦» 08:32, 1 May 2022 (UTC)


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/Subpages of English-Hanzi

Subpages of English-Hanzi
Same issue as Requests for deletion/Pinyin. Either unsourced/primary research, see creations of Special:Contributions/Efex3. --Minorax «¦talk¦» 07:49, 1 May 2022 (UTC)

 * pages in question for the same reasons as Requests for deletion/Pinyin and also Requests for deletion/English-Hanzi. Phrases shouldn't be hard to verify facts; they are also dubious as far as being pedagogical aids, also likely are copyvios. They have no place in language guides in my opinion. -- Jules (Mrjulesd) 08:39, 1 May 2022 (UTC)


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine and Geriatric Medicine

My wikibooks
Hello -

Please delete my Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine and Geriatric Medicine wikibooks. They have become obsolete. I am updating in a different place. I deleted the text because I was not aware I could request deletion.

Thank you. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Powellle (talk • contribs)


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...d5/2. exd5/2...Qxd5/3. Nc3/3...e3

Chess_Opening_Theory/1._e4/1...d5/2._exd5/2...Qxd5/3._Nc3/3...e3
Yes, I know sacrificing your queen for a knight is dumb. But this is a chess opening book, and I personally think that with some expansion, (better moves perhaps?) this could be saved. Name Pun (discuss • contribs) 22:28, 29 June 2022 (UTC)

 * comment I know this user was blocked for socking, but I'm gonna assume this discussion is still open. The inconsistency can be fixed to add a chess box at the top of the page, but that is not the reason I used Template:delete. Though Name Pun does have a point, if there were some more good openings, a few bad openings wouldn't be too bad, maybe with a notice saying something like "this is not a recommended opening as it could have a significant negative impact as the game progresses"? I am therefore undecided. L10nM4st3r / Roar at me 06:00, 30 June 2022 (UTC)


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/SEWTHA2.0

SEWTHA2.0
The original book this one aims to be based on is released under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike 2.0 UK England & Wales licence according to their page at. The author is quite clear on the same page that they are not OK with others using their book commercially (Albeit specifically referencing the Amazon Marketplace). Unfortunately, as I understand it this licence is incompatible with Wikibooks, which prohibits imports of content not fully compliant with a plain CC-BY-SA 3.0 licence, which includes commercial use. --Mbrickn (discuss • contribs) 21:28, 4 August 2022 (UTC)


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/Transwiki:Visual Basic 6 to .NET Function Equivalents

Transwiki:Visual Basic 6 to .NET Function Equivalents
Orphan page that is nearly a duplicate of content located at Visual Basic .NET/Visual Basic 6 to .NET Function Equivalents. -MBrickn

 * Delete per MBrickn (p.s: you forgot to sign.L10nM4st3r / Roar at me 07:38, 8 August 2022 (UTC)

 * Thanks! Sorry I forgot to sign. Mbrickn (discuss • contribs) 20:27, 8 August 2022 (UTC)

 * per nom. --SHB2000 (discuss • contribs) 10:08, 16 August 2022 (UTC)


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/GRE/All about education in USA

GRE/All about education in USA
After removing more than half of the article for copyright violation (with phrases like "Visit our HomeStay(live with families or at a Bed and Breakfast) or Travel Advice pages for more information." and "Visit our Studying in the U.S. pages for more advice on the first question." still remaining as I could not find a source for them), I doubt that the rest of it is own work. Apart from that, the other creations by the same user have been posted in batches within short timespans, which sheds doubt on their originality too. 𝟙𝟤𝟯𝟺𝐪𝑤𝒆𝓇𝟷𝟮𝟥𝟜𝓺𝔴𝕖𝖗𝟰 (𝗍𝗮𝘭𝙠) 17:47, 4 September 2022 (UTC)
 * If more than half of the article is confirmed to be a copyvio, I won't hold hopes that the other half isn't. --SHB2000 (discuss • contribs) 07:22, 22 October 2022 (UTC)


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/DSST

DSST
Essentially empty. --Minorax «¦talk¦» 15:25, 10 September 2022 (UTC)

title: Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/DSST


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/Free Energy does not Exist

Free Energy does not Exist
This is unsuited to Wikibooks. It starts with a contention that accepted physics is false and asserts pseudoscience to claim that free energy can be created from nothing. This is outside the scope of Wikibooks which, while more tolerant of original research than Wikipedia, does not accept out-and-out made-up-at-school stuff like this. MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 15:29, 21 October 2022 (UTC)

 * “... and asserts pseudoscience to claim that free energy can be created from nothing.” MarcGarver is correct as far as loaded coils are concerned. Took me until now to deduce that the use of standard techniques for loading motor coils won't work with my type of circuit since it is not standard. So, I had to use something more severe. I discovered that a full diode bridge works just fine! Thanks, Marc, for challenging me to grow. I doubt I would have otherwise. -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 05:44, 28 October 2022 (UTC)

 * Where did I go wrong in leading you astray? Specifically? For, I never make those claims by intention. Physics is not false. Yet, our misunderstanding of Free Energy oftentimes leads to the popularization of flamboyant statements which ignore the exception to the rule that the conservation of energy within Noether's Theorem cannot apply itself to frames of temporal reference which change. This alteration of temporal reference must occur whenever current is inverted from voltage arising from non-digital (analog) techniques involving: coils, capacitors, spark gaps, etc.

 * Please draw my attention to where I have claimed that: "free energy can be created from nothing", for I am not aware of having ever made that statement. I always claim that "more can be had from less" through the recycling of reactance per half-cycle of oscillations since reactance is not energy (it is lossless) and, thus, the conservation of energy has no jurisdiction/relevancy over the reversal of current (relative to voltage) until said reversal meets up with simple (non-reactive) resistance by which this value of "negative watts" gets converted into "positive watts".

 * If anything, I claim recycling lossless reactance gives the ‘’appearance’’ of more output resulting from the ‘’appearance’’ of less input without it actually being the case!

Quote: We can avoid being charged for our energy usage by recycling its electrical reactance to such a degree of excessive conservation that a mere factor of 99% reuse (for instance) constitutes a 100 to 1 gain (of output versus input) without any violation of physics.

 * Six years of independent research does not amount to made-up-at-school stuff.

 * Fringe science is useful. I'd be more intrigued if you wrote a book of your own countering all of my claims with counter-claims of your own. That would be science (if I am not misquoted) and a quid pro quo: a give and take.

 * Your contentions are too vague for merit. Please be more precise.Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 16:45, 21 October 2022 (UTC)
 * You've made the point yourself "Six years of independent research". This is therefore Original Research, out of scope for Wikibooks and is actually eligible for speedy deletion. As for your contention that we are all too stupid to understand you, I suggest you are struggling with the ability to understand the policies here. Even if what you are writing is TRUE the fact that you yourself did the research and it isn't part of accept science = it is out of scope and will be deleted. MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 09:22, 24 October 2022 (UTC)

 * Wikibooks isn't a host for nonsensical rouged content. --SHB2000 (discuss • contribs) 07:20, 22 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Granted, I got a little carried away with myself enjoying the process of elaboration if that’s what you mean by “rouge”. Since you misspelled “nonsensical”, I can help you out by locating the crux of my discussion in case you overlooked it…
 * The section: Mathematical Consequences and the subsection: What’s reversal of current good for?Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 16:54, 22 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Everyone makes typos; WB:AGF. That still doesn't change my argument nor does it change my point. --SHB2000 (discuss • contribs) 11:39, 22 October 2022 (UTC)
 * How can I engage you in good faith if you don’t even bother to read the section that I pointed out to you was the whole reason for me posting this Wikibook irrespective of its embellishments? Why are you ignoring my suggestion to focus on the math? And why are you bringing up deletion, now, when you could’ve said some thing about any errors, beforehand? Don’t you have something to contribute instead of just hitting the red button? Normal behavior, which could solicit trust, would be to work with me - not against me. By initiating deletion before offering any constructive criticism on the book’s talk page you destroyed good faith. What am I supposed to possess faith in? Your ability to perform damage without cooperation? What arguments? You don’t back up what you claim with examples from wherever you are pulling your arguments from. You’re not focusing; you’re just making unqualified statements directed at nothing in particular except the book and it’s entirety but not against any citations within its content. So let’s talk about the title since that seems to be the only thing you’re arguing against? You can’t be arguing against its content since you haven’t brought up anything in particular within the content to focus on. So, let’s discuss the title. What’s wrong with the title? Do you think that the title is not backed up by the content? I don’t understand why you think electrical reactance is pseudoscience. Just because it’s not physics? This is not a book about physics; it’s about  the simulation  of electrical engineering.
 * I added this book to a shelf: Category:Shelf:Strategy_guides since it already gives strategy advice for working with video game-like simulations of electric circuits and how to produce gainful results. Since you have already stated how this book is inappropriate to position it here, within Wikibooks, professing to be a book about physical circuits when it is actually basing its conclusions and advice upon simulations of virtual-reality game-like circuits, then what do you think of my resubmitting it over at StrategyWiki and removing it from here? Or, merely adding this new shelf: Category:Shelf:Strategy_guides? And/or removing the other shelf of: Category:Shelf:Electric_circuits_series?Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 16:54, 22 October 2022 (UTC)
 * I placed a warning under Synopsis ...

"B" is the coefficient associated with the imaginary term of a complex number. Both of these, namely: this format, could be considered equivalent to a linear polynomial of two terms: a real term and an imaginary term.
 * ...as well as modifications to the text within that section to reflect this book's new status as a simulation of virtual reality.Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 18:13, 22 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Do simulations clarify rounged content? "Rouged", as in: "don't get people's hopes up to unrealistic expectations when it comes to them considering building any of these simulations which I rely upon as my citations for virtual strategies?" Isn't my lack of clarification the cause of what these various complaints, here, are all about?Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 18:43, 22 October 2022 (UTC)
 * I think my addition of a stern WARNING within the Synopsis section satisfies any need for a neutral point of view since I know of no one, other than myself, who has ever bothered to simulate "reversal of current among severely starved analog (not digital) circuits" who is able to contribute a point of view. Hence, any complaints made as to this book's content is not going to be helpful unless someone contributes the results of their experimentation along similar lines. But I'm still capable of making mistakes of presentation especially since I am one-of-a-kind making it that more difficult for me to engage my audience without "leaving them behind in the dust" of what-the-heck-is-he-talking-about. Hence, there is a very real need for collaboration. Anyone disagree?Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 23:19, 22 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Added another warning, this time in the form of a preamble at the very beginning.Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 05:33, 23 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Maybe I should have named this wikibook, "Free Energy does not Exist. Yet, Politicized Science does exist!"?Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 01:54, 24 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Nominators for deletion are invited to join the conversation: Reading room/Assistance
 * "Deletion is not inevitable. I don't see a problem with the book but maybe the person who tagged it for deletion can share their thoughts."--Xania Flag_of_Estonia.svg Flag_of_Ukraine.svg talk 04:29, 24 October 2022 (UTC) -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 18:29, 24 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Let me ask this: in your "Mathematical Consequences" section, you try to find $$(A + iB)^2$$. Are A and B matrices, vectors or what? You then perform cross-product on them, but isn't matrix multiplication an inner product operation? Also, where are you getting your theories from? Can you cite relevant sources that describe what you are trying to say in your book? Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 12:54, 30 October 2022 (UTC)
 * @Leaderboard ...
 * "in your 'Mathematical Consequences' section, you try to find ${\displaystyle (A+iB)^{2}}$.|undefined"
 * "Are A and B matrices,...?"
 * No.
 * "vectors, ...?"
 * No.
 * ...or what? You then perform cross-product on them, but isn't matrix multiplication an inner product operation? — This is not applicable since these are not matrix computations.
 * "A" is the real coefficient of a complex number.

 * So, their double cross product is just two of the possible combinations resulting from finding: $${\displaystyle (A+iB)^{2}}$$. The other two products are the squaring of the "A" term and the squaring of the "iB" term (which, in the case of electrical engineering, "i" would be replaced with the symbol of: "j").

 * All of this squaring business is for a purpose...

 * The inversion of the phase of current relative to the phase of voltage has to come from somewhere. From where does it come?

 * It comes from the squaring of the imaginary term of a complex number if the inlet, the input port, of a circuit's real voltage is kept extremely low. Or else, it comes from a spark gap flashing ON.

 * The squaring of a complex number happens during each cycle of calculations for determining the outcome of a circuit per time-frame when that circuit also contains reactive components.

 * Since I have discovered from six years of simulated trial and error that a reactive circuit fed a starvation diet of input voltage through a single portal of inlet – with no other chance for escape since any other outlet is not made available to this type of circuit (unless I gain the skillfulness of getting away with having additional grounded escape outlets while retaining this second requirement of restrictive throughput to disallow the formation of a normal direction for current to flow), then this type of circuit has a high likelihood of succeeding in producing a runaway condition of output surging at a rate which is faster than the thermodynamic rate of decline imposed by conventional experience.

 * Maybe I did not make this clear in the text? Since you asked, then I have to assume that I am not clearly stating the situation to prevent your confusion.
 * "Also, where are you getting your theories from?"
 * When students of electrical engineering are taught how to perform the same calculations that a simulator performs upon a "live" circuit (such as the format of equations taught at Khan Academy; I'm sure there are other locations), and when a simulator can do this for me without me having to do them, myself, then simple logic is staring me in the face that answers the timeless question, "From where does free energy come from if not from the loony bin of fantasy?"
 * Can you cite relevant sources that describe what you are trying to say in your book?
 * I remember reading (somewhere) that a voltage source is equivalent to voltage regulation; that the amplitude of a voltage input is directly related to its ability to regulate the voltages of a "live" circuit and prevent reactance from becoming a positive feedback. This positive feedback is what I design my simulated circuits to possess in which the inductive and capacitive reactances of each cycle, or half-cycle, of the circuit's oscillations become the inductances and the capacitances for each subsequent cycle, or half-cycle. This is where reactive impedance becomes our friend: under conditions of starvation (stimulating a circuit without feeding it any significant amount of power) and a restricted throughput (to discourage the formation of current) produces a backlash similar to the short-lived responses of a diode whenever voltage polarity switches and just before the diode cuts off the flow of current. This backlash is the inversion of current whose sustained consequence is the increase of voltage differences rather than their thermodynamic equalization.

 * This, then, is what constitutes electrical free energy if power factor conversion (of the inverted current) is taken care of (such as through a simple resistive load or a full-bridge rectification involving a square formation of diodes).

 * So, unless I overlooked something, I am missing two citations...
 * Khan Academy
 * Equating the term, of: "Voltage regulation" with the term and function of a: "voltage source".
 * And a hole of knowledge never fed to budding students of electrical engineering, but can only be gained by their experience.

 * This third point I bank on since I am one of a kind. I have no one's quota of expectations to fulfill, but my own, which is: to make discovery and share.

 * Electrical engineering goes to a lot of trouble avoiding surges. They are never studied except how to subdue them as quickly as possible. They are certainly not studied for their value of renewability unless its according to prescribed plans already in use, such as: synchronous generators/motors, or a simple capacitor placed in parallel with a motor (see, screenshot, to the right).
 * Electrical engineering goes to a lot of trouble avoiding surges. They are never studied except how to subdue them as quickly as possible. They are certainly not studied for their value of renewability unless its according to prescribed plans already in use, such as: synchronous generators/motors, or a simple capacitor placed in parallel with a motor (see, screenshot, to the right).

 * Anyone who has studied math knows that there are infinitely various approaches to a solution of a problem. And electrical engineering is heavily engrossed in the math which models their subject.

 * The study of physics kills this incentive to find a solution by telling us that we can't discover anything new, or old and forgotten. But this limitation is intended for little children. It is not relevant to adults – if by adult, is to suggest someone who can think for themselves.

 * Conservation of energy does not pertain to reactive power since reactive power is not power; it is merely reactance. It cannot be conserved under the circumstances outlined, above, since it is not being "stored" and then "released" to, and from, inductors and capacitors. It is being "reflected" without storage and without discharge. Storage and discharge would entail a delay due to an assumption of "energy" being transmitted from one component in a circuit to every other component. This delay prevents overunity of output.

 * This "reflection" is what diodes do on a momentary basis. But if inductors and capacitors can be induced to do this as well, and in a sustained manner, then inductors and capacitors become analogous to the reversal of current inside of a spark gap with the added advantage of manipulating amplitude and frequency to a much better degree than the limitations of a spark gap could accomplish all alone and by itself without any assistance from inductances and capacitances outside of itself.

 * So, ... Is this Original Research?

 * You can bet that it is! Where else are you going to find this except from personal experience: yours and mine. You're not going to find this in a book or from taking a class due to it being against social protocol of a well-regulated society. Just as operating from the assumption that you have to calculate the requirements of a load and feed it that much, plus a little extra (to cover thermodynamic inefficiencies), will suppress reactive feedback, likewise do we seek an authoritative answer outside of ourselves with similar results of missing opportunities of self-discovery.

 * Did I miss something?

Electrical engineering always allowed for free energy circuits by renaming them: unstable. In other words, "energy IN does not equal energy OUT" defines an unstable circuit in which you can't predict the output based on the input, alone (ignoring the ability for a shift in time due to electrical reactance disqualifying Conservation of Energy under Noether's Theorem). Thus, Conservation of Energy is not a law so much as it is a yardstick by which circuit topologies are measured to determine a circuit's type. If a circuit's output is unpridictable (based on its input, alone), then it is unstable since its output was not conserved within the boundaries imposed by its input. Type-casting is not disallowance; it is merely prejudice.
 * Thanks for asking. -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 22:04, 30 October 2022 (UTC)
 * @Leaderboard, I forgot to mention...

 * Considering how unstable circuit simulators are (due to their consistent use of matrix algebra as a shortcut for calculating a circuit's outcome), simulating an unstable circuit within the context of an unstable simulator yields "matrix is singular" error messages more often than not. Only stable circuits yield predictable outcomes. Simulators find no fault with these types of circuits.

 * Using an inherently unstable simulator to calculate a circuit's behavior is a predisposition (ie, prejudice) towards favoring stable circuits since only stable circuits will pass through this artificial, manmade act of filtration without coughing up and freezing in mid-stride. This is not due to some Law of Nature. It is due to flagrant social engineering. -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 03:15, 31 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Yes, @Leaderboard. There are relevant citations. Giving it some more thought, and engaging in a little brush-up reading, I remembered something I read a few years ago and added one sentence with two references attached to my wikibook's subsection ...
 * Free Energy does not Exist#Block Diagram
 * quote...
 * This situation is best described as when an open IDEAL transmission line is terminated by a shorted IDEAL transmission line encouraging the formation of a purely imaginary impedance at the input.   -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 01:45, 4 November 2022 (UTC)
 * @Leaderboard
 * Can you cite relevant sources that describe what you are trying to say in your book?
 * Symbol opinion vote.svg FYI: Yes, I can (now)!
 * MrPreva, on YouTube, makes a good case for the reversal of current using a shorted step-up/down transformer. Although this is not overunity of output, it is a significant first step of simplicity! His video has been translated into English (from the Russian) by MrJohnK1 and comments have been offered by Chris Sykes among others. When simulated within Paul Falstad's electronic simulator, an ideal condition manifests in which the wattage of the A/C source shifts most of its power into the negative side of its virtual oscilloscope tracings throughout each cycle of oscillation. This goes beyond the mere recycling of reactive power via the use of a capacitor placed across an inductive load (in the screenshot, up-above, of recycled reactance). -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 17:18, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Symbol keep vote.svg Keep -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 17:34, 6 November 2022 (UTC)

 * Comment: You can call me completely stupid for this (Go on, I won't deny it - just don't make fun of me), but I am totally confused... Would it have been simpler just to say "this is original research on power simulation games"? That's just about all I caught... 20:56, 7 November 2022 (UTC)
 * @L10nM4st3r You pegged it accurately and succinctly. Yes, it would have been simpler, but not as interesting since I am a curious fellow who wants an explanation as to "why it is" and "how it is" as well as "what it is" plus "who cares?" and what does history have to say? Good ideas are always rediscovered no matter how readily they keep getting forgotten since good ideas are eternal ideas which can never entirely die! And I want feedback from other people who are, and are not, like-minded to fertilize my understanding so that I can grow and not merely feel comfortable. "Challenge me" is my motto. But it's more than a mere game since, by posting it, and researching it (online), I bump into people whose experiments may help me understand. Take my latest foray into the work of MrPreva for instance. I never would have discovered him had I not been assembling a slideshow the other day and needed slides of shorted coils. That led me to his shorted transformer video. His data, and its simplicity, blows me away – especially since he did his experiments on the bench while I am limited to performing them under simulation. Yet, my limitation does not hamper me from appreciating his handiwork. Far from it! Thanks for asking ... -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 09:17, 8 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Changed vote - see below I think I vote to delete, because of WB:NOR. You said it yourself twice: it was your own research, and there are no reliable (non-primary, and non-original-research) sources for it. If you want to post it, post it somewhere that accepts original research. That's my opinion, and I hope you consider it. 10:53, 8 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Read that link. OR seems to be accepted at Wikiversity - "Wikibooks also allows instructional guides, but that resource doesn't allow original research" - which indicates OR is allowed there. 10:57, 8 November 2022 (UTC)
 * @L10nM4st3r Help me to understand this concept of: "primary research". So, I can't quote it if it's a lone wolf? But what if another source can be found? In other words, how many primary sources of research does it take for each of them to be considered secondary? Or, if quantity of independent citations are not enough, then how deep does a string of citations have to go, as in: me citing someone else, who cites someone else, etc.? -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 21:18, 8 November 2022 (UTC)
 * This is how I understand it  tell me if I'm wrong. You research something, say, the moon is slowly shrinking. You find proof, bujt you can't post it on Moon. Not yet anyway. Then you post your findings somewhere where it gets verified. If the moon really is shrinking, news sites everywhere (or some news sites) say the moon is shrinking. Before you know it, somebody adds "the moon is shrinking" to the wikipedia article. Obviously the moon is not shrinking, but as an example it works well. But your case seems to be able to just post it on a wiki that allows original-research-that-is-not-outright-false. That would be Wikiversity. I suggest having it sent to wikiversity. Transwiki to Wikiversity and delete from Wikibooks - that's my new vote. Transwiki basically means it will get transported to a potentially more suitable wiki - if they want it.  21:47, 8 November 2022 (UTC)
 * @L10nM4st3r
 * Import
 * Free Energy does not Exist -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 02:49, 10 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Ok, it can probably be deleted from Wikibooks then. 13:43, 10 November 2022 (UTC)
 * @L10nM4st3r To whomever this may concern... OK, but Can a redirect be placed (in place of the deletion) to redirect readers to its new location at Wikiversity? An automatic redirect, or else a notice with a link to the new location, would be very courteous since I've already scattered numerous links to this Wikibooks' location. Thank you. -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 17:16, 10 November 2022 (UTC)
 * That's not up to me - I'm not an admin. 18:48, 10 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Symbol keep vote.svg Keep I still want to keep it here at Wikibooks, or have a redirect to its new location if that's possible. If it has to go, then at least it has a copy in another location in case deletion occurs. -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 18:51, 12 November 2022 (UTC)
 * quote, “... where are you getting your theories from? Can you cite relevant sources that describe what you are trying to say in your book?”
 * Please see: Acknowledgments:
 * "snip...snip    I always assumed that I don't need to cite anyone other than myself – not due to any presumed brilliance of mine, but – due to common sense and simple logic. snip...snip      If I perform a single caloric unit of energy every time I strike my hand with my other fist, and I am doing this per second, then if I should increase my frequency of strikes per second, doesn't this increase the quantity of energy which is delivered to my hand (by my fist) during each period of one second?      This is why we're charged for our electrical energy usage using Ohm's Law – in Kilowatts – blended with per units of Hours since time is one of the three variables of Electrical Reactance Formulae. Time matters to electrical engineering and is not to be undersold since it works in conjunction with the other two ingredients of electrical reactance, namely: capacitive and inductive reactance.      Electrical reactance formulae don't bother to measure themselves using units of amps or volts. And, likewise, Ohm's Law doesn't bother to quantify itself in terms of the temporal-factors of frequency and phase relations, nor with the dynamic field-properties of capacitance and inductance. Yet, it is the combination of these two mathematical relationships which quantifies our electric bill. snip...snip      Assuming that you accept the analogy, up-above, of energy expenditure per unit of time along with its consequences, and since time is merely one of three variable parameters of electrical reactance, then it stands to reason that free energy is the manipulation of  all of the parameters of electrical reactance, not merely one of them (ie, time), while diminishing the significance of energy (under Ohm's Law) even though some energy, no matter how small and insignificant, is always needed to run a circuit. snip...snip" -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 01:33, 15 November 2022 (UTC)
 * If it has been determined that the book is better suited for Wikiversity, I see no need to keep a copy here. Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 06:57, 15 November 2022 (UTC)
 * , I think what Vinyasi meant is to change it to a soft redirect. See for example School of Mathematics which is a soft redirect to wikiversity. I think it should be moved to wikiversity in a way that preserves the revision history of the page and the associated talk page. - 🇺🇦 Слава🇺🇦Україні 🇺🇦 Героям🇺🇦Слава🇺🇦 (talk)🇺🇦 10:24, 15 November 2022 (UTC)
 * That's fine by me. It seems that the user was referring to something else though when they pinged me. Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 11:42, 15 November 2022 (UTC)
 * @Slava Ukraini Heroyam Slava 123 OK. May I do this, myself? -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 22:03, 15 November 2022 (UTC)
 * @Slava Ukraini Heroyam Slava 123 Is it necessary to have the hash sign at the start of the wiki code? ...
 * versus ...
 * -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 22:09, 15 November 2022 (UTC)
 * , I’m not an admin. is and told that it’s fine by him. Honestly I have no idea why the hash sign is there. To import with the revision history, you need importer rights in Wikiversity. Hope this helps. - 🇺🇦 Слава🇺🇦Україні 🇺🇦 Героям🇺🇦Слава🇺🇦 (talk)🇺🇦 22:45, 15 November 2022 (UTC)
 * I'm tired of this discussion. -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 23:02, 15 November 2022 (UTC)
 * , I believe that it was already imported (with revision history) at Wikiversity. I don't think there is anything else to do as a result and unless thinks otherwise, this can be closed. Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 08:40, 16 November 2022 (UTC)
 * I'm tired of this discussion. -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 23:02, 15 November 2022 (UTC)
 * , I believe that it was already imported (with revision history) at Wikiversity. I don't think there is anything else to do as a result and unless thinks otherwise, this can be closed. Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 08:40, 16 November 2022 (UTC)


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/Enlightened Martyrdom the hidden side of Falun Gong

Enlightened Martyrdom the hidden side of Falun Gong
A likely copyvio according to Earwig's detector. I'd be happy to withdraw this deletion request if it is under a compatible license, but it does not appear to be.

https://copyvios.toolforge.org/?lang=en&project=wikibooks&oldid=4197441&action=search&use_engine=1&use_links=1 contributing user says they have permission in the edit comments, but unless explicit obvious permission from the original author is made clear on the discussion page or another appropriate page, I think this constitutes a violation. I think it would be appropriate to at least flag the book with the template. 13:14, 4 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Given the lack of a clear license on, I'm afraid we cannot keep this. Plus, having duplicate content can cause search engine optimisation issues. SHB2000 (discuss • contribs) 00:22, 3 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Permission would normally have to be given via VRT SHB2000 (discuss • contribs) 01:29, 5 January 2023 (UTC)

 * still no permission. 13:46, 28 January 2023 (UTC)


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/Multiple pages in Popular Music

Multiple pages in Popular Music
Hello! I believe that many pages in the book Popular Music unambiguously do not meet the Wikibooks criteria for inclusion due to being overly encyclopedic. These include:

 * Popular Music/Justin Bieber/Love Yourself
 * Popular Music/Adele/Someone Like You
 * Popular Music/Bruno Mars/Grenade
 * Popular Music/Jason Mraz/Have It All
 * Popular Music/Lady Gaga/Bad Romance
 * Popular Music/Luis Fonsi/Despacito
 * Popular Music/Maroon 5/Memories
 * Popular Music/Taylor Swift/Blank Space
 * Popular Music/The Weeknd/Save Your Tears
 * Popular Music/Train/Drive By

The content of these pages all seems more suitable for Wikipedia and unsuitable for here, per Wikibooks is not an encyclopedia. I noted on the book's discussion page how I feel the book could be improved to be more suitable for Wikibooks. If the pages can be reworked, or if the information contained therein can be integrated somewhere more appropriate, they would not necessarily need to be deleted outright!

@Inner Focus I'm pinging you since you've contributed to several of these pages. I'd love to hear your thoughts as well. Cheers! —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 01:51, 4 January 2023 (UTC)
 * unless Inner Focus chooses to move these to their userspace (it will still be out-of-scope, but at least we're not throwing their efforts in the bin). I can't see how these specific songs can ever be integrated with Wikibooks' other existing books, but I'll leave that to those who work more on content than I do. --SHB2000 (discuss • contribs) 08:10, 4 January 2023 (UTC)

 * I vaguely remember this rule being interpreted differently in the past, but despite this I can't find anything to back that up.
 * This might also affect the following Wikibooks:
 * The Complete Encyclopedia of Self-Help Techniques - Self described encyclopedia.
 * The Unicyclopedia - Self described encyclopedia.
 * The platform section (Not the whole book) of History of video games. This one's on me, sorry. (The aforementioned memory led me to conclude this was OK)
 * Mbrickn (discuss • contribs) 23:15, 15 January 2023 (UTC)
 * I think The Unicyclopedia wouldn't be affected because even though it self describes as an encyclopedia, it still feels more like a guidebook with a specific focus on unicycling. If it consisted solely of pages that each described in excess detail a component of a unicycle (analogous to the Popular Music pages I mentioned), that might be less appropriate. As it stands, though, The Unicyclopedia seems reasonably structured, with a clear aim and interdependency between pages. Cheers! —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 22:20, 19 January 2023 (UTC)

 * per above. JackPotte (discuss • contribs) 13:43, 28 January 2023 (UTC)

 * @Inner Focus It seems that consensus is that it should be deleted—you may want to move it elsewhere where it would be more suitable. Cheers! —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 17:27, 19 February 2023 (UTC)

 * I have trimmed such articles, leaving only an infobox of the song, music video information, and the view count milestone tables. Sorry, I don't know how to make an infobox for music and songs, and unfortunately, Wikibooks didn't have one. I created one a few minutes ago, but it appears not to be working properly. This is why I am using a table instead to give the basic info of a song. Inner Focus (discuss • contribs) 15:38, 21 February 2023 (UTC)
 * @Inner Focus thank you for your effort in trimming them, but I unfortunately still believe that the pages as they stand are overly encyclopedic in nature. Could you clarify the intended scope of the pages and how you believe they fit into the book as a whole? I've made some proposals regarding the scope/structure of the book as a whole. Thank you! —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 19:31, 21 February 2023 (UTC)

 * Delete. Too enclyclopedic.--Xania [[Image:Flag_of_Estonia.svg|15px]] [[Image:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg|15px]] talk 03:25, 11 July 2023 (UTC)

Popular Music/More X vs Less not X
This page appears to have nothing to do with the book Popular Music. Unless it has a home somewhere else on wikibooks, it seems to me like it should be deleted (or at least removed from Popular Music. —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 22:10, 19 January 2023 (UTC)
 * also don't understand the scope of that page. --SHB2000 (discuss • contribs) 10:53, 28 January 2023 (UTC)
 * per above. JackPotte (discuss • contribs) 13:43, 28 January 2023 (UTC)


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/Anglican Liturgies

Anglican Liturgies
This book appears to be a simple compilation of liturgical texts; I believe this is out of scope for Wikibooks and should be moved to Wikisource. @TrulyShruti pinging you because you are the primary contributor. —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 17:22, 19 February 2023 (UTC)

 * This book was only just created days ago, and is very incomplete. It is intended to be more than mere compilation; and the material does not come from a single source (of the sort that would be found on WikiSource), but from a variety of sources, with additional information.  TrulyShruti (discuss • contribs) 19:54, 19 February 2023 (UTC)
 * , at least until its closer to completion and we can see whether it fits WB's scope. 21:25, 19 February 2023 (UTC)
 * Got it, thank you! @TrulyShruti, could you clarify the scope/intention of the book on its main page? As it stands, the description says only that it consists of "Liturgical texts from the Anglican tradition, in the public domain, as written in the original sources," and this would seem to fall outside of Wikibooks' scope. However, if it will go beyond that, it would be super helpful to elaborate upon this; then, other people will be able to contribute as well. Cheers —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 22:07, 19 February 2023 (UTC)
 * Annotated liturgical texts with background & commentary & notes regarding use. TrulyShruti (discuss • contribs) 01:46, 20 February 2023 (UTC)
 * Great! That falls within scope, and thank you for clarifying it on the book's home page :) —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 13:45, 20 February 2023 (UTC)
 * , annotated texts are allowed in Wikibooks. -Slava Ukrajini Heroyam Slava (discuss • contribs) 11:07, 20 February 2023 (UTC)


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/The Future of Leadership/Employee Retention and Engagement Strategies in the Future of Work

The_Future_of_Leadership/Employee_Retention_and_Engagement_Strategies_in_the_Future_of_Work
I created this page as a chapter that I was developing for a course. The content was split into two separate chapters in the same book. This page is no longer needed and is effectively orphaned.


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/Better Worlds

Better_Worlds
Is not part of a book, and has been copied to user page https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/User:Danielravennest/papers/Illusion_of_Scarcity for continued editing.
 * You appear to be the only contributing author—are you saying you've moved the contents of book to your userspace for editing and would now like to delete the page? —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 15:50, 8 May 2023 (UTC)

 * That is correct. When I started that page I intended it to be an introduction to the two wikibooks "Seed Factories and Self-Improving Systems" and "Space Systems Engineering", which I am also the main contributor to.  Those books now have their own introductions so a separate introduction is unnecessary.  I copied it to my user pages to rework and distribute any usable parts to the two books.  Danielravennest (discuss • contribs) 10:15, 9 May 2023 (UTC)
 * ✅ Thank you! —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 13:06, 9 May 2023 (UTC)


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/File:FileMenu.png

File:FileMenu.png
Unused non-free file Q28 (discuss • contribs) 07:40, 18 May 2023 (UTC)


text:
Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/Wikijunior:Practical English

Wikijunior:Practical English
Creator's request: misguided effort I do not intend to continue. --JJLiu112 (discuss • contribs) 23:39, 7 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Done. And moved here from Undeletion section.--Xania [[Image:Flag_of_Estonia.svg|15px]] [[Image:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg|15px]] talk 03:22, 11 July 2023 (UTC)


text:
Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. d4/2...exd4/3. c3/3...dxc3/4. Bc4/4...cxb2/5. Bxb2/5...d5

Danish Gambit Accepted: Schlechter Defence
By playing 5...d5, Black aggressively strikes back at the center, releasing the bishop to catch up in development, returning a pawn in the process. White main move is 6. Bxd5, and the main continuation is 6...Nf6 7. Bxf7+ Kxf7 8. Qxd8 Bb4+ 9. Qd2 Bxd2+ 10. Nxd2 with an equal position.

Alternatively after 6. Bxd5 Nf6, 7. Nc3?! is tried, but after 7...Nxd5 8. Nxd5 Nd7! (8...c6?? 9. Nf6+ gxf6 10. Qxd8+ Kxd8 11. Bxf6+ and White wins an exchange) Black has an advantage as he is still up a pawn and has the bishop pair, but accurate play is needed.

Note that 6. exd5?! is inaccurate because the bishop on c4 is now blocked by its own pawn. After ...Nf6 and ...Bd6, Black's king is safe and White does not have compensation for Black's extra pawn.


text:
Template talk:Guide to Unix/Clink

linuxquestions
The link to LQwiki looks set to be removed from interwiki map. http://wiki.linuxquestions.org/wiki/$1 Billinghurst (discuss • contribs) 00:58, 11 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Template talk:Guide to Unix/Clink


text:
Public Digital Backbone/1. Introduction

= 1. A Silent Revolution =

The digital era has ushered in a new paradigm where the flow of information, people, and money is intricately intertwined with technology. This chapter delves into the concept of the Public Digital Backbone, elucidating its significance in this interconnected world. By the end of this section, readers will have a clear understanding of what constitutes a Public Digital Backbone, its historical development, and its overarching goals in societal infrastructure.

title: Public Digital Backbone/1. Introduction


text: Category:Book:Public Digital Backbone

title: Category:Book:Public Digital Backbone