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User talk:Wikijuniorror

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User:Simplex~enwiki

Sometime Ada user. I started contributing to the GtkAda section of the Ada Programming wikibook after writing my first GtkAda-enabled program.

More here

title: User:Simplex~enwiki


text:
Hobo tourism

The textbook is an author's training manual on one of the types of independent tourism for familiarization with the theory of long intercontinental voyages at minimal cost.

The concept under consideration—Hobo tourism (Russian: Бомж-туризм) also Bum tourism, Vagabond tourism, Tramp tourism; harsh backpacking or Russian backpacking is a format of long trips a-la homeless people life.

The origin of the term is based on a combination of the Russian words "бомж" and "туризм" However term should not be taken literally— homeless + tourism ("voyage of a homeless person"): people who do not have housing don’t travel the planet. The choice of a phrase so strange at first glance as a name explained by the fact that the existence of a traveler (or an independent tourist) following these postulates for some time becomes similar to the life of a homeless person wandering around the world.

Anyone who is annoyed by the word displayed in the title, don’t advise to continue reading: it is unlikely that the technique will appeal to you, since the content fully corresponds to the title. This is a typical Russian method; the alternative to it is the well-known (pro-Western method) backpacking.

The textbook describes a practical approach, supplementing the text part with an abundance of illustrations, sometimes videos; and also contains the category "Optional material", which presents real events as an example and Russian-language literature on the topic. It is not necessary to read the "elective", in particular, for those users who prefer to act independently.

The creator of textbook is Russian traveller Viktor Pinchuk.

Content
Introduction: Long intercontinental trips and expeditions
 * /Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys/:
 * In the flophouse (dosshouse)
 * In Aboriginal dwellings
 * In abandoned buildings
 * In the company of homeless people
 * In a public toilet
 * At the police station
 * In halls and stairwells
 * At the cemetery
 * In the ancient pyramid
 * On objects under construction
 * Under the open sky
 * In hostels

Ways of moving: /Transport /

What to take with you: /Equipment/

Tips for self-sufficiency in food: /Food/

Who chose this method: Subject of hobo tourism

For additional information: Survival practice in extreme conditions (specific examples):
 * /Visiting Death/ (about traveler involuntarily staying in an uninhabited territory)
 * /One day in an Afghan prison/
 * /African Robbery/
 * Tropical fever in the bum tour

Routes traveled by the author:
 * First creative trip to Africa
 * /Creative trip to India/
 * /Creative trip to Mongolia/
 * The second creative trip to Africa
 * Afghan Expedition
 * Third creative trip to Africa
 * /Bum tour of winter Japan/
 * Expedition to Papua New Guinea
 * Latin American expedition
 * Solo expedition to Africa (2017/18)
 * Expedition to the islands of Oceania

Travel literature in the bum tour format (in Russian):
 * /Third African trip/
 * /Japan for free/
 * /Six months by islands... and countries/
 * /Mongolian huyvaldagch/
 * /Two hundred days in Latin America/
 * /Afghan prisoner/
 * /Holiday of wandering mzungu/
 * /Two months of wandering and 14 days behind bars/
 * /Indian dreams/

Some tips for spending high-days (and examples from practice):
 * /How to celebrate the New Year in bum tours/

Author's TV project, recommended for viewing with the purpose of additional familiarization with the topic (in Russian):
 * /Around the world with empty pockets/

title: Hobo tourism


text:
Hobo tourism/Long intercontinental trips and expeditions

Hobo tourism (or bum tourism) is a format of traveling around the planet in which the subject, overcoming the planned route, leads a more than Spartan lifestyle, where material costs are minimized. There are some similarities with backpacking, but in this case everything is much more complicated and extreme. This method originated in Russia in the post-Perestroika period; in Russian it is called «бомж-туризм» (pronounced: bomzh-turizm), where the first constituent word mean a homeless person.

Etymology
The term has at first glance a strange name for the reason that the existence of a traveler for a certain period of time becomes similar to the life of homeless people, who in Russia, since the 90s of the last century, have been called «бомж».

What is it for?
Makes sense to be used by people who don’t have enough funds, but creatively thinking, who make a feasible contribution to science, art and literature, or at least who want to improve their own knowledge. The essence of the method is that by saving money on personal comfort, you can visit many more places on the planet and, as a result, through historical and geographical (as well as in the field of other sciences) research multiplied by your own vision of the world, benefit your country and not only. The above method of transportation opens up additional opportunities for creativity — painting, photography, the creation of literary works in the genre of travel essays, etc. — which, upon returning to their homeland, allows the traveler in one form or another to acquaint compatriots inclined to a home lifestyle with what saw in a foreign land.

How to get ready and what to take with you?
Going on a trip of the "bum tour" format, it should be remembered that you can not take expensive items with you: when sleeping on the streets, in the companies of bum natives and other similar places, spectacular equipment (smartphones, cameras, video cameras) can attract the attention of criminal elements. You need to look inconspicuous, clothes should not only be inexpensive, but also not stand out against the general background, i.e. without bright tones and motley shades. The material reserve should be divided into two or three parts and hidden on yourself, preferably in the upper part of the body, since during the route it is possible to ford shallow reservoirs (for example, streams), as well as moving by small-sized water transport with boarding and disembarkation in places where no specially equipped berths. It is advisable to use the method of ultralight backpacking: a small backpack without zippers, sleeping pad and a blanket (or sleeping bag) is the main attributes of bum tour. The presence of a tent is possible, but undesirable.

The form of clothing and the period of action
Following the example of migratory birds, you need to choose the end of autumn or the beginning of winter to set off, planning to return closer to summer. Since most international flights originate from capitals, the starting point is likely to be one of major cities. The above season is usually accompanied by low air temperatures, so you should put on outerwear, which is not a pity to throw away at the arrival airport, leaving only a light sweater, a scarf and sports hat made of thin warm fabric, that fits in a clenched fist: it can be cold at night even in tropical countries.

Tips for choosing a route
The route should include places with favorable climatic conditions. The ideal option is developing countries, where prices are low, and the expanses are not fully explored. The first world states, due to the high prices of goods and services, are suitable only for short-term transit on the way to the goal. The cold spots of the planet are not useful for practicing this method.

Recommendations for choosing places to stay overnight
In order to save money, need placing in the ruins of abandoned houses, in the open air, in cemeteries, stairwells and halls of residential multi-storey buildings, as well as in other places where the presence of foreigners does not contradict native laws. If possible — in the homes of local residents: it is easier to get a bed for the night with poor people, residents of villages or small towns.

Methods of transportation
The main and irreplaceable way of traveling for a hobo tourist (as well as a backpacker) is hitchhiking. In addition, you can use budget transport (sometimes it has a specific benefit: at relatively low costs, time is saved). And a distance of up to 20 kilometers is easy to overcome on foot, which gives additional opportunities for learning about the world around you. A good option is to visit ten or more countries in one trip, in particular, if the route runs, for example, through Latin America, or the islands of Oceania. You can also take advantage of low-cost airlines and seasonal ticket sales.

Food
In poor countries (namely, they are of primary interest to those who have chosen this method), there are always points of street catering, where it is easy to purchase inexpensive dishes for a nominal fee. When staying overnight in the jungle — you can eat the gifts of nature, visiting the aborigines — what the owners will serve.

It's important to know
In recent years, the concept of "bum tour" and "bum tourism" sometimes apply by users of the World Wide Web in the meaning of "Slum tourism". There is a slight similarity between these terms; in particular, regarding the option of a traveler's residence in the communities of homeless people. Nevertheless, the clients of slum tourism, for the most part, are well — off people who want to find thrills in this new entertainment for themselves in order to dilute the routine of a monotonous, far from poor life. While the subjects of hobo tourism, who go on long journeys around the world "with a bag on their shoulders" — on the contrary.

Materials in Wikisource project

 * Viktor Pinchuk  "Notes of an international tramp"
 * Viktor Pinchuk  "In bullpen – voluntarily"

authors: Виктор Пинчук


text:
Hobo tourism/Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys

Rest at night is one of the important moments in the practice of bum tourism: sleep is necessary for health and physical activity during long expeditions with low self—financing, where high energy consumption awaits you daily. Since sometimes, even in poor countries, the cost of hotel accommodation can be relatively high (for example, in Comoros — from 20 €, in Botswana — from $ 40), it makes sense to use the alternatives described below.

In Aboriginal dwellings
There are special hospitality networks for Internet dating with subsequent residence at home with the users of the resource in the country chosen for visiting — this practice is widely used by backpackers. With hobo tourism, circumstances can throw a traveler to places where there is no international web or (due to the unpredictability of obtaining visas along the way) to a country whose visit was not planned by the route. Spontaneous acquaintances with local residents come to the rescue, who sometimes don't mind inviting a foreigner to stay in their huts.

In an abandoned building
Unlike the previous method, where you need to adjust to the routine of the owners, and this is not always convenient (for example, sitting up late talking with the household suffering from boredom somewhere in a God-forsaken village on a small island, the name of which not all geographers know), the option is useful because you can go to bed in silence, choosing an acceptable time. A building abandoned by residents can be a one-story, or a high-rise skyscraper. In the latter case, there will be enough space for a large expedition group.

On objects under construction
Construction projects that were mothballed are the best option for accommodating hobo tourists: there are no guards and builders working at night. At existing construction sites, overnight accommodation is possible with the permission of the responsible person. However, this is not feasible everywhere: in the big cities of Japan, Korea, China and Hong Kong, the objects under construction are surrounded by a multi-meter fence, which, to put it mildly, is difficult to penetrate.

At the cemetery
The method may not be used in every country. Tested on his own experience by the Russian traveler Viktor Pinchuk in Japan and Taiwan. Due to the similar mentality of the residents and the low crime rate, it can be assumed that a similar result is expected in South Korea. The rest of the countries have not been tested in this regard, so you can use this recommendation while staying there only at your own risk.

Under the open sky
The method is common among backpackers and local hikers. But unlike the above categories, a hobo tourist, spending the night in nature, does not use a tent and a sleeping bag. In the jungle, on islands off the ocean coast and other places where the sky replaces the roof, it is possible to use this method only in the dry season; in settlements and adjacent areas — in the rainy season too: you should find a canopy that will protect at night in case of heavy rain.

In the company of homeles people
This method is used in critical cases when there is no alternative. For example, if you arrival coincided with the late time of day, when there is no time to find the best option.

In halls and stairwells
The use of this method can be useful in Japan and Hong Kong, i.e. where the prices for accommodation are quite high. Stairwells of technical floors of residential buildings and lobbies of institutions will save you from cold and atmospheric precipitation. There is no single universal way: in each specific case, you need to act with an eye to the circumstances and using intuition.

At the police station
The method is widely used among local residents of five countries of the southern part of the African continent: South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Lesotho, Swaziland (Eswatini). The police will also accept a white hobo tourist — on general grounds. In other countries, the use of this method is possible by agreement with police officers: based on their mood on the day of your arrival, and other nuances.

In the flophouse (dosshouse)
Almost every third world country has a separate category of hotels, which travel agency clients who visit the same country as part of a group of their own kind have no idea about. The main guests of such places are aborigines, who come from the province to a big city or the capital of their country for shopping or for another purpose. Sometimes bedbugs really live in such places.

In hotels
The hostel is the main and most popular accommodation facility for backpackers; it is also used among travelers practicing bum tourism.

In a public toilet
A method used in extreme cases (for example, if, due to the low temperature of the surrounding air, sleeping in the open air can cause harm to health).

In the ancient pyramid
The method can be called "exotic", due to the fact that not all countries have pyramids.

In the terminals of international airports
No more than one night is used: on the day of arrival in the country, or the day of departure. It is convenient if the plane arrived late in the evening, or an early morning departure is expected.

Other possible options

 * In temples and mosques of Arab countries.
 * Under benches in Chinese trains, or in the vestibule of Indian trains (during crossings).
 * In the hospital. Tested in South Africa.
 * On the bus leaving the next morning. It is practiced in African countries, if you have a ticket. It is convenient that you do not need to look for a bus station in the early morning — you can inspect dreams during passenger boarding.
 * In the waiting rooms of railway stations. It is possible in many countries, except Japan, where terminals are closed from 00 to 06 hours and trains do not run.
 * In a separate booth of an Internet cafe. Invented and used in Japan by local residents who do not have enough funds for hotel accommodation. You will need to pay, but compared to hotel rates, it's nothing.
 * In the ATM pavilion. If there is a bank card that allows you to get inside.

Quote

 * Will share the secrets of my street sleepovers. If you get into an unfamiliar city, can stay anywhere, even on the central avenue under the walls of buildings, but on one condition: you need to deploy after midnight, and leave before six in the morning. At six, the first passerby may appear, probably suffering from insomnia, in half an hour there will be several of them, and closer to seven — a lot.

Materials in Wikisource project

 * Viktor Pinchuk  "In bullpen – voluntarily"


text:
User:Виктор Пинчук

.

authors: Виктор Пинчук

title: User:Виктор Пинчук


text:
Hobo tourism/Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys/In the flophouse (dosshouse)

Flophouse & dosshous (also: outsider hotels, hotels without stars) are facilities designed to accommodate guests moving within their own country (in this context, in relation to "developing countries"). In most cases, they can be used by foreigners.

Coaching inn
A fenced area in the open air, where several dozen metal beds are located — this type of accommodation is found in Sudan. When staying overnight in such a "hotel", in order to avoid unwanted loss of property and equipment, the backpack should be deposited in a special room, the key to which is with the responsible person ("caretaker").

Mehmunsaray & mehmunkhane
The Afghan version. When choosing this accommodation facility for temporary residence, you should know that they sleep on the floor here (Afghans also sleep on the floor in houses — this is a local tradition), and therefore, the number of beds in the room is conditional. There is no furniture, and instead of a hanger, usually a nail is driven into the wall. Toshnab (toilet in Farsi) can be located on the street, three hundred meters away (as it was, for example, in the mehmunsarai of Bamyan — see video #3 in the gallery)

To settle in one of the most budget place in Kabul, you need go to the Kote Sangi district on the outskirts of the city. The cost of a berth in the accommodation facilities here ranges from $4-6, and mehmunsaray at the lowest price, is divided into squares (cubes) along the corridor by glass partitions, outwardly similar to an aquarium, where each division has a size of 1.5 x 2 m.

However, in this hospitable country, you can do without "hotels": the local poor, who sometimes live without locks on the doors, will be glad to have a foreign guest. (See chapter of the textbook "In Aboriginal dwellings").

Guest House
A common variant in African countries. It is used by local residents when moving from one locality to another: since there is no direct transport connecting distant points of a particular country, you have to go with transfers, stopping for the night in such places in order to continue the moving in the morning. Guest house is a simple room where the shower and toilet are outside. Sometimes the "shower room" is inside, separated from the bed by a partition, behind which you can douse yourself with water from a plastic canister. A guest arriving from abroad will be accommodated on a general basis, at the same price or, what happens more often, slightly overstating the price list. Guest houses are also found in Asian countries. When choosing this method of accommodation for settlement in an African or Asian country, it is necessary to imagine in advance that guest houses in the third world space are fundamentally different from European counterparts.

Exceptions to the rules
Cases when a foreigner may not be accommodated in a similar accommodation object described above are extremely rare. In Cairo, on Clot Bey Street, located near the railway station (Ramses district), some owners of  squalid  real estate do not have a license to accommodate citizens of other countries. To implement the plan, it is recommended to walk to the end of the street, examining all the buildings, given that some of them may have signs in Arabic, not duplicated English. You need to be prepared for the fact that bedbugs can live in the room where you will still be settled: this is not often, but it happens.

Hostel
This object assumes living in the same room of several people who are strangers to each other. Hostels, usual, are located either in capitals and large cities, or in places of increased interest for foreigners. As an example of the second option — the tiny town Aguas Calientes, where people come from all over the world who want to see the lost Inca city — Machu Picchu. Hostels are widely used by backpackers, but hobo tourists sometimes stay in these accommodation facilities. Here, as a rule, clean; the bed linen is washed, the rooms are cleaned. And the low price is achieved by the fact that up to 12 people can be accommodated in one room, which is called a dormitory.

The choice of such objects is recommended for lovers of communication and noisy (mainly youth) companies.

For the same price — with comfort
In some countries (in particular, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam), you can stay in a relatively good hotel for a symbolic amount of 5-7 USD, which allows a hobo tourist to forget about his lifestyle for a while. In this case, it is not rational to look for alternative placement methods.

authors: Виктор Пинчук


text:
Hobo tourism/Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys/In Aboriginal dwellings

Staying at the an aborigines dwellings is a method used not only by hobo tourists, but also by backpackers, and sometimes by ordinary people (more often from among young people) who want to visit a particular country without large expenses. To achieve this goal, Hospitality exchange service are usually used, the participants of which offer foreigners accommodation for some time on their own living space.

But, if backpackers and "beginners" prefer to choose highly developed countries and large cities to visit, a traveler practicing hobo tourism can get to places around the globe where there is no Internet, and about the aforementioned service bobody knows. In this case, spontaneous acquaintances with local residents will help. Sometimes aborigines invite a wanderer to visit on their own initiative, but since this does not always happen, you can arrange an overnight stay with local residents yourself.

A guide to action
To get things done, you need to know a few basic truths:
 * Rural residents are more likely to receive guests than city dwellers. Sometimes the villagers' dwellings do not have locks: there is nothing to steal. The probability that the owner of a comfortable apartment located in a major city of any country will invite one or more foreigners to his home is much lower, and in megacities it is close to zero.
 * The inhabitants of God-forsaken corners of the globe (in particular villages located on small islands) are bored by the lack of events. A foreigner from a distant country is the only way for them to communicate, an option to speak out.
 * In a rural area or a small town, you can, after waiting for the evening, independently knock on any dwelling, asking for a place under a canopy in the yard; with a negative result, repeating the action repeatedly.

Fact
Russian traveler Viktor Pinchuk, moving through the territory of Papua New Guinea (in 2013) for more than twenty days, never resorted to the services of hotels, during the entire period staying with the aborigines.

Gallery
Illustrations from books: Pinchuk, Viktor "Six months by islands... and countries". — Simferopol: Brovko, 2016. — 216 p. — ISBN 978-5-9908234-0-2 (photo #1-3) Pinchuk, Viktor "Two hundred days in Latin America". — Simferopol: Brovko, 2017. — 210 p. — ISBN 978-5-9909912-0-0 (photo #4) Pinchuk, Viktor "Two months of wandering and 14 days behind bars". — Simferopol: Brovko, 2020. —116 p. — ISBN 978-5-9909912-5-5 (photo #5)

authors: Виктор Пинчук


text:
Hobo tourism/Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys/In an abandoned building

Sleeping in an abandoned building is one of the many ways for a traveler to get a night's rest using the hobo tourism methods. Place for accommodation — empty buildings intended for demolition, with dismantled window and door blocks — if desired, you can find in any country of the world.

Pros and cons
Sometimes such objects (due to the fact that the residents have been evicted for a long time and the structure is not protected from the destructive effects of precipitation) are in an emergency condition, there may be a pungent smell of dampness inside. At the same time, despite the above disadvantages, this method has its positive sides. For example, unlike overnight accommodation at an existing construction site, where the working day begins in the morning, there is no need to get up with the first crowing of the roosters. It is easy to find a hiding place in the ruins where you can hide backpack (keeping your valuables with you), allowing you to wander around lightly during the day.

Equipment
When using the method, the same standard set of equipment is used as for overnight stays in the open air and in cemeteries:
 * Roll mat & polyethylene oilcloth twice the size (so that the lower plane of the mat does not get dirty),
 * inflatable pillow,
 * Bedspread or blanket.

A practical example
''"On the main street — empty government building with a sign at the entrance. It's not hard to get in, there are no guards, but there are a lot of people around: can't do it without being noticed. A second option — an abandoned house on the outskirts of town — proved unfit for the night: there were puddles in the rooms (a consequence of heavy rain and a roof that had been blown off). "Bad luck, will have return to Pango," — thought, when a heavy downpour came. Ran towards the bus stop. The door of building was ajar in one of the alleys, darkness behind it. I went in, took out a torch. A room with a high ceiling looked like an assembly hall. Meanwhile, the rain outside had intensified, drumming furiously on the slate roof. Chose place to sleep in the far corner, where an extra, back door was covered by roller shutters. The room had not been used for a long time, so there was almost no chance of anyone coming in. To avoid attracting attention, left the front door unlocked, and hung my wet clothes on the nails I had hammered in ''.
 * Events of 2019, Port Vila, Vanuatu (see "Gallery, photo 1")

Gallery
Illustrations from the books:: Pinchuk Viktor "Two months of wandering and 14 days behind bars". — Simferopol: Brovko, 2020. —116 p. — ISBN 978-5-9909912-5-5 (photo #2) Pinchuk Viktor "Six months by islands... and countries. — Simferopol: Brovko, 2016. — 216 p. — ISBN 978-5-9908234-0-2 (photo #3,5)

authors: Виктор Пинчук


text:
User talk:Виктор Пинчук

Welcome
Welcome, Виктор Пинчук!

If you have any questions, you can ask in the assistance reading room or possibly contact me personally.

Also, book chapters look like this: book name/chapter name/subchapter name/ect

Please follow this style in the future. Thanks for your contributions. L10nM4st3r / Roar at me 12:03, 19 August 2022 (UTC)

You are now a reviewer
Thanks for your contributions. You have recently been auto-promoted to reviewer, meaning you can flag revisions and use rollback. 20:42, 13 September 2022 (UTC)

Printable version
Something in the printable version is incorrectly displayed in red. How to fix it? https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Hobo_tourism/Printable_version --Виктор Пинчук (discuss • contribs) 04:41, 16 September 2022 (UTC)--Виктор Пинчук (discuss • contribs) 04:41, 16 September 2022 (UTC)
 * The problem was I added local links, not global links. They can be fixed by making them global links, by making them all start with the name of the page instead of a "/". 07:10, 16 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Don't see any more. The book is really big, and has a lot of content and scope. Looking good! 07:14, 16 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Ок, but, besides this, under some articles of the printable version, a warning is displayed in red: Default sort key "Flophouse (dosshouse)" overrides earlier default sort key "01" In addition, the inscription "Indian Dreams" is displayed in the upper left corner of the printable version. --Виктор Пинчук (discuss • contribs) 12:43, 17 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Firstly, wrap any in tags. About the text at the top of the page, you may need to look for the page that has that within the book, and either remove it, or put it inside noinclude tags.  14:54, 17 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Thanks, pages corrected. Category:Problems and excesses in hobo tourism Delete, please. --Виктор Пинчук (discuss • contribs) 04:26, 18 September 2022 (UTC)
 * I've given it a speedy tag. In the future, use at the top.  06:44, 18 September 2022 (UTC)

About deleted page Creating works in a minimalist photography
My actions to create additional redirect pages to then attach one project page to two data pages — complies with the rules.

https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Allow_the_creation_of_links_to_redirects_in_Wikidata

https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/TXNOK64GLOTNJSQAPADT5YQQUOPJFN5Q/ Виктор Пинчук (discuss • contribs) 15:23, 30 September 2022 (UTC)
 * That is a Wikidata discussion it has no weight here. It misses the point anyway. That rule on Wikidata is to allow Wikidata to point to redirects. It does not cover creating redirects here solely for the purpose of linking to them from Wikidata. So stop doing it. MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 11:28, 7 October 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:Виктор Пинчук


text:
User:Phethehile

A new platform page about cooking 🍲🍲and baking 🍪🍩 all kind of variant foods and cakes

title: User:Phethehile


text:
Hobo tourism/Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys/In the company of homeless people

Staying overnight in homeless companies and communes is a method of obtaining a night's rest (and sometimes a short-term stay) practised by supporters of hobo tourism.

Why is it needed?
There may be several reasons for this seemingly strange accommodation option:
 * Arrival in next city of exotic country coincided with the late time of day, when there is no option.
 * A traveller sleeping in the company of homeless people may not be noticed by street criminals, whose activities become more active at night; but a foreigner sleeping alone on the street will be the object of unnecessary attention by criminals.
 * People living on the streets and train stations can help a beginner in understanding of local traditions, for example, how to protect themselves from petty thieves who can covet seemingly worthless items, etc.
 * Living in a commune of the homeless provides the traveler with opportunities to experience the life of the lower classes of the society.
 * Sometimes the homeless community has a habitable structure (a ruin or unfinished building) where a proponent of the hobo tourism methodology can live for some time (read more below, in the "Practical Examples" section).

Comparing the method to "Slum tourism"
The Russian traveler Viktor Pinchuk, who uses unconventional methods of travelling, has repeatedly lived and stayed overnight in underclass and sometimes socially deprived places. As a rule, a foreign tourist who has lived side by side with beggars for some time, who is not opposed to them and has no privileges that elevate him above others, is respected by slum-dwellers without provoking negative emotions, and his visit does not leave an unpleasant residue in people's memory, which may appear after visiting narcissistic sightseers with expensive photo and video equipment.

Practical examples
This is how the books describes a traveller's encounter with the homeless in Indonesian capital: ''Behind the decrepit fence — abandoned unfinished building: just the thing. Apparently, someone lives there. I called out. A young Indonesian with a confused expression came to the fence. Asked him by signs if I could come in. He pointed to the gate on the other side. It was opened. An elderly woman came out. "Can I sleep here?" — uttered a phrase in the local language, prudently learnt by heart. The old woman, smiling, permitted. The four-storey derelict building had no walls. Part of the ground floor was occupied by a commune of homeless people, the upper floors were empty. The guy took me to the second floor, where a spring mattress from a double bed lay on the concrete floor. Next to it was a wooden bench, like the ones they use in hospitals and on beaches, with a pile of rags on it. "You can cover yourself with this," the Indonesian explained and walked away. Of the "furniture" in the space allotted to me there — only the two items described, and there is a "toilet" that don't know its purpose yet. I approached the "balcony" (there were ones on four sides): a pile of rubbish below, in the distance the neon-lit buildings of expensive hotels''. Late in Surabaya, Indonesia: ''...Leaving the bus, I walked a hundred metres, looking for a nook to sleep. The midnight street was lit by lanterns. On the left, under a long awning on the pavement, lay a community of homeless people who reminded me of their counterparts in the Indian city of Mumbai. I walked a little further — nothing suitable. However... Turned around and turned back. Perhaps the African natives would envy these people: they have electricity that is not always present in the Black Continent. I approached the two men sitting under the light bulb. The old man, hearing a question in his native language, shook head negatively and with a disgruntled expression on his face, asked to go back to where had come from. This was an odd reaction. Usually beggars in third-world countries are enthusiastic about such a request. In fact, who says this grandfather is the "boss" of the homeless? I'll ask others. At the very end of the "settlement" there were two more: a middle-aged man was sleeping on the ground, while a young man of indeterminate gender, with an earring in his ear, was watching... television. The mains cable from a small television receiver went somewhere upwards, probably to an electric pole. On closer inspection, the street television viewer turned out to be a man. "Everything here is occupied," — he explained with a smile, — and the empty lot in the corner is for the motorbike. "You can set up there," — the guy added, pointing to the threshold under the closed double door of the building a metre away from the motorway. Far from luxury, even by the standards of a bum, but at midnight there was no alternative. With an affirmative nod of my head, I spread out a mat and soon fell asleep to the lullaby of the occasional passing car''. And this is about an overnight stay in Guangzhou, China: ''...On the lower span of the bridge, occupying a well-lit area behind the railings, the three were resting peacefully after a noisy day at the railway station. The older one, apparently mute, mooed only occasionally, the second, a middle-aged bum, was sullen and taciturn, and the youngest was slightly different from his brethren: he had not yet reach the standard. He was the one I asked about spending the night in their company. "No problem!" — he replied with a sign and, watching me spreading a mat, decided to instruct the guest. Passers-by squinted at this scene and, without stopping, walked on, spurred on by the overcast weather. Noticing that I looked at the clouds, the guy shook his head, "No, it's not going to rain." — "Shoes, just to be safe, you'd better put them under a pillow," — he explained, — "they'll get dragged away. "But my shoes is very old" — I replied, being quite surprised. "That's not the point," the instructor went on, "a beggar boy tramp (there are many of them here) might come up and ask for money, and if you don't give it, he'll grab the shoes and run away. — "And the backpack has to be wrapped around both arms and covered with a blanket," the homeless man explained, seeing me tie the strap to my arm. "Tying it won't save you, they might cut it off..." — he added. At this time the oldest of the two made a sound and my interlocutor approached him.''.

Materials in Wikisource project

 * Viktor Pinchuk  "Notes of an international tramp"


text:
Exercise as it relates to Disease/The effects of high-intensity interval training compared with resistance training in prostate cancer patients

This is a critique of the research paper 'The Effects of high-intensity interval training compared with resistance training in prostate cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy: a randomized controlled trial. Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases' by Elise Piraux and colleagues.

What is the background to this research?
Prostate cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer related deaths in men worldwide, with cancer related fatigue and cancer-treatment-related-fatigue being a debilitating side-effect of the treatments and disease. Exercise appears to reduce cancer-treatment-related-fatigue, during and post-treatment. Although, the specifics surrounding cancer and treatment type require extensive investigation, as do the exercise characteristics such as type, intensity, frequency and more. Therefore, Elise Piraux and colleagues aim to investigate such questions.

The primary outcome of the study was to compare the effectiveness of Resistance Training (RES) and High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), compared to the control group of Usual Care (UC) on Cancer-Treatment-Related Fatigue (CTRF), in Prostate Cancer patients (PCa) undergoing Radiation Therapy (RT). The secondary outcomes assessed each interventions effects on: quality of life, insomnia, depression, daytime sleepiness, sleep quality, functional exercise capacity and executive function.

Where is the research from?
The study was conducted by researches at the Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research at UCLouvain, in Brussels, Belgium, where prostate cancer is the most prevalent cancer among men. Ethics approval was completed by the Ethics Committee of the Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc and Université catholique de Louvain. The study was published in the journal 'Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Disease', by Nature Publishing Group.

The authors have considerable amounts of research published within cancer and/or exercise, and other related fields. Particularly Elise Piraux, who has had multiple articles published in relation to exercise interventions for cancer patients.

The funding was supported by grants from the National Fund for Scientific Research (Belgium) and the Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research at UCLouvain. The authors claim there is no conflict of interest.

What kind of research was this?
The study is a randomized controlled trial, which is considered the gold-standard for assessing the effectiveness of an intervention. It works by randomly assigning participants to a group, which minimizes the ability of participant characteristics or bias to effect outcomes. The study was 'three-armed' which refers to the three groups within the study, the study was not blinded as the outcome assessors were not blinded.

What did the research involve?
Participants that fit the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to either the RES, HIIT or UC. using a random computer generator. Originally, 78 participants agreed to the study, 26 were assigned to UC, 27 to HIIT and 25 to RES. When the study concluded, there was 24 participants in each group. The outcomes measurements were recorded 10 days before radiotherapy treatment started and after the last fraction of radiotherapy. The interventions lasted 5-8 weeks in length.

Measurements Interventions Limitations

Although the randomized controlled trial was the best approach to establishing the effects of differing types of exercise on CTRF in PCa undergoing RT, the study does have some limitations. Firstly, the length of the study was short in relation to how long CTRF may continue post-treatment. Secondly, was the lack of quantitative measures, during the RES programming, as well as outcomes. Finally, the outcome assessors were not blinded which reduces the power that comes with double-blind studies.

What were the basic results?
Considerable differences were produced between the RES & HIIT groups, in comparison to the control UC group. Firstly, the HIIT (+0.2) & RES (-0.7) groups prevented the increases of CTRF that was seen in the UC (-5.3). They also observed differences in Functional Exercise Capacity as seen in the 6-Minute Walk Test results, where HIIT (+7.5%) & RES (+6.6%) groups improved considerably in comparison to the UC (+0.1%). They failed to observe any differences between groups in reference to other secondary outcomes such as quality of life, depressive symptoms, daytime sleepiness, insomnia and sleep quality.

The conclusions the researches drew from the study were consistent with the results that were produced. They concluded that HIIT or RES is a viable option for reducing CTRF in PCa whilst undertaking RT. They also concluded that HIIT and RES improve functional exercise capacity within the population, also consistent with the results. They then theorized that the attenuated increases in CTRF may be linked to the improvements seen in functional exercise capacity as HIIT enhances oxygen consumption abilities and RES results in neuromuscular adaptations, these claims are consistent with the literature.

What conclusions can we take from this research?
The results from this study coincide with the limited yet growing body of literature, that both strength and aerobic exercise during cancer treatment can be beneficial for reducing cancer-treatment-related-fatigue, as well as improving functional capacity. The study provides further insight into the specifics of aerobic intensity and its effects on improving functional capacity, in comparison to other studies. Particularly that HIIT appears to be a greater stimulus for improvements in CTRF, in comparison to lower-intensity, continuous aerobic exercise.

Practical advice
The study provided multiple considerations for the practical implication of exercise interventions for cancer treatment patients.
 * 1-on-1 supervision of training sessions by a trained health professional, to better improve compliance to the program. As well as ensuring proper exercise performance and avoid adverse health events.
 * The use of cardiac stress testing prior to participating in high-intensity exercise, as well as in-depth health screening. Exercise tolerance is reduced during cancer treatment, and the use of stress testing and pre-exercise screening reduces the chances of adverse health events.
 * High-Intensity-Interval-Training produces greater improvements in functional capacity in comparison to Moderate-Intensity-Continues-Training, and where possible should be implemented.

Further information/resources

 * Exercise During Cancer Treatment
 * Exercise and Cancer: Overview
 * The Effect of Physical Exercise on Cancer-related Fatigue during Cancer Treatment: a Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials


text:
User:Likkylaserna

1901 🦊 Fox Theta Delta. The birth of FOX THETA DELTA Digammans International Humanitarian Service Fraternity and sorority Since July 29, 1901, East Lancing Michigan, Michigan State University.The Alpha Chapter.The Fraternity house of FOX in Michigan United States of America. Digammans International 1901

FOX THETA DELTA 1901

FOX THETA DELTA Digammans International

title: User:Likkylaserna


text:
User talk:Likkylaserna

Seven Families. Siete Familia;

Laserna, La Serna, Laser, Serna, de Laserna, Dela Serna, de la Serna. 12A.D.

SEVEN FAMILIES
Family Likkylaserna (discuss • contribs) 10:31, 20 August 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:Likkylaserna


text:
Hobo tourism/Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys/In a public toilet

Staying overnight in a public toilet — a variant of night rest travelers using the methods of bum tourism.

Used in emergencies; for example, if air temperature or precipitation do not allow sleeping outdoors.

Equipment
Standard kit of hobo tourist: plastic sheeting (to protect the underside of the sleeping pad from dust), an inflatable pillow, plaid or sleeping bag.

Cases from practice
Russian traveller Viktor Pinchuk twice used this method in the fourth solo expedition to Africa: when crossing the border between Lesotho and South Africa; and in the city of Oudtshoorn, where he went to the police station, and was identified by an officer for the night in such an extravagant place.

Here is how one of the aforementioned cases is described in the book "Holiday of wandering mzungu": ''"Another hour of walking, I noticed in the distance several separate sources of light: lanterns, or windows of houses. Even if it is a village — also not bad. When the building of a border checkpoint was visible ahead, the road was blocked by a stream flowing from the mountain. I took out a flashlight. Having crossed the ford, has stumbled into... closed gates. Surprise! What to do? There are three options: climb over the fence; stay on this side until the morning ("sleep" jumping on one leg, or lying — shivering from cold); long time shouting wild cry. I chose the third point as the most sensible. Continuing to yell frantically, noticed a police car approaching the building with glowing windows. I took out a flashlight, adding a sound signal with a light. Soon the car left, and with it the hope. Without paying attention to the details, continued what I had started. A man came out of the luminous building. Approaching the gate, he asked where I had come from. "From Lesotho", said, holding out my passport through the bars. The border guard has opened the lock. We approached the office walls, he fled the door and, putting a stamp with the inscription Sani Pass, returned the document through the window: "You can go". It began to rain. "And how many kilometers to the city?" — "About thirty". — "Can I sleep here?" — "This is the border, impossible". Having inspected the territory of the border guard, I found a toilet: quite clean, cozy and without an unpleasant smell. "Can I stay overnight in the WC?" — asked, returning. "Well. Only passport surrender till morning"''.

In the Japanese city of Nara near the temple complex Kasuga-taisha, located in a forest park on the outskirts of the city, a suitable option (see video). However, overnight in the WC did not take place because an alternative was found — the vestibule of high-rise.

Aspects of application
This option is presented for theoretical study, the use of the method in practice is low probability.

authors: Виктор Пинчук


text:
User talk:2603:7082:7A40:8:38FC:CB56:6828:432

--Xania   talk 03:11, 21 August 2022 (UTC)


text:
MATLAB Programming/Order Differential Equations

Order of Differential Equations
A differential equation is an equation with a function and one or more of its derivatives. It is usually to describe changes.

Note: Derivatives = $${dy \over dx}$$.

An order of differential equation (ODE) is an equation that has highest derivative of the dependent variable involved some ordinary derivatives of a function with respect to the independent variable. Often, the goal is to solve an ODE, i.e., determine what function or functions satisfy the equation. That means the differential equation defines the relationship between variables and their derivatives.

There are a primarily two of ODE types

 * 1) 1st Order Differential Equation (1st ODE)
 * 2) 2nd Order Differential Equation (2nd ODE)

First Order Differential Equation
All the linear equations in the form of derivatives are in the first order. It has only the first derivative such as dy/dx, where x and y are the two variables and is represented as

$$\frac{dy}{dx}+Py=Q$$

Second-Order Differential Equation
When the order of the highest derivative present is 2, then it is a second order differential equation.

$$\frac{d^{2}y}{dx^{2}}+n\frac{dy}{dx}+my^{2}=P$$

Using dsolve solve differential equation
We have an differential equations as follow,

$${dy^{3} \over dx^{3}} + 2{dy^{2} \over dx^{2}}+5{dy \over dx}+4y=5x $$ , $$y(0)=1, y'(0)=3$$

In order to solve this differential equation in MATLAB, we uses dsolve command to get the answer as followed

Type of ODE solver in MATLAB
There are few types of ODE solver but we will focus on just the commonly used :

Examples: ODE45 to solve differential equations
There are $10,000 deposited into the bank fixed deposit accounts and the interest rate is 2% annually.

To start with, we need to do a equation to model the money.

Equation 1: $$\frac{dM}{dt} = \frac{2}{100} M$$ : Annual saving interest is 2% annually on the balance of the bank balance over time ,

Equation 2: $$M(0) = 10,000$$ : Amount of money initial is at $10,000

From Equation 1, we take out (Note: Need to consult on other Wikiprojects on how to derive the linear equations)

$$dM = 0.002M.dt $$

$$\int\limits_{}^{} \frac{1}{M}.dM = \int_{}^{} 0.02dt$$

$$\ln e M = \ln e (0.02 t) + c$$

$$M(t) = e^{0.02t}. e^c$$, where $$e^c = M_{(0)}$$

$$M(t) = e^{0.02t}. M_{(0)}$$, taken from equation 2

$$M(t) =10000. e^{0.02t}$$

Using dsolve functions, we can similarly convert the differential equations

Hence. we have equations (shown as S) to do our modelling.

In MALAB to calculate differential equations using ode45, the syntax is as followed

where,

t = Evaluation points, returned as a column vector

y = Solutions, returned as an array

odefun = Function of the ode. You may use anonymous functions instead of writing a new files for the functions

tspan = Interval of integration, specified as a vector. At minimum, tspan must be a two element vector [t0 tf] specifying the initial and final times

y0 = Initial conditions, specified as a vector. y0 must be the same length as the vector output of ode function,

Using dsolve for converted differential equations ode45 functions to solve ODE


text: Health Sociology/Sex and Reproduction

title: Health Sociology/Sex and Reproduction


text:
Health Sociology/Childhood

Technology and children

 * Video: Bridle, J (2018). The nightmare videos of childrens' YouTube — and what's wrong with the internet today. TED.

title: Health Sociology/Childhood


text:
User talk:77.235.175.40

You cannot edit for 2 days due to disruptive editing. You are welcome to contribute constructively when editing privileges are restored. You may appeal this action with a reasonable argument by adding the text below.

--Xania   talk 10:31, 21 August 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:77.235.175.40


text:
User talk:Fsreeufoyts

You cannot edit indefinitely due to disruptive editing. You may appeal this action with a reasonable argument by adding the text below.

--Xania   talk 10:34, 21 August 2022 (UTC)

Fsreeufoyts
Hi friends how are you doing here ot is nice to be here  with you gise it is nice to look at sex video it is so nice to watch it is lovely to me I love to watch it so much Fsreeufoyts (discuss • contribs) 21:34, 8 October 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:Fsreeufoyts


text:
User talk:Yadhu Krishna BP

Hai, my name is Yadhu.

title: User talk:Yadhu Krishna BP


text:
Hobo tourism/Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys/At the police station

Overnight stay at the police station has nothing to do with forced confinement of law and order offenders; it is an official rule applied by five countries in the southern part of the African continent: South Africa, Lesotho, Eswatini (Swaziland), Botswana, Namibia — for residents. Following local traditions, traveller practising methods of bum tours can find overnight accommodation in a police station — on general grounds.

In theory
This method is used by locals who come from the provinces to the big city and cannot afford even the cheapest room in a simple hotel. The officers allow "lodgers" to stay at the police station if they plan to leave the city in the early hours of the morning. Double or even multiple overnight stays at the same police station are not allowed. The measure is intended to protect the African population from street crime, which is more active at night.

In practice
If a white traveller arrives to spend the night, the police in the above-mentioned countries will "house" him or her in the same way as local "clients", i.e. without singling out from the general public. In villages and provincial settlements (where there are hardly anybody willing to spend the night at the police station) the foreigner will be received more kindly: the officers will allow him to spend the night in a horizontal position and may provide with a separate room (for example, some sort of meeting room). In big cities and capitals it is different: a traveler who came to spend the night won't be turned away but he will have to "sleep" in a sitting position on a bench at the hall, next to dark-skinned "companions in misfortune".

This is not an official practice in other parts of the world but the police can be of help to the stranger — it depends on the personal character of both the traveler and the law enforcement officers.

For a description, with concrete examples from the traveller's own experience, see Wikisource at the link in the relevant section below.

More on this topic

 * Most foreigners visiting countries in southern Africa — people who are wealthy, they arrival to visit national parks and unaware of this method.

''Five minutes later, when I was ready to lie down on the floor and come to sleep, a police officer entered the room and mysteriously informed me that there was a much more comfortable option. Having gathered my things, I followed the uniformed man. As if at customs before a flight, my luggage thoroughly inspected and I was escorted to the next building — a rehabilitation centre for victims of criminal offences. "If you don't have money to live in a hotel, then in a way you are a victim too," the policeman said. I was allocated a separate room with two beds and I selected the one I liked. A black woman, a staff member of the "Remmogo Victim Support Centre", escorted me to the shower room, handed a toothbrush with toothpaste and soap, took my clothes to the wash, and provided me with second-hand clothes in return. I tried — the size fit. After the ablution, I got dinner — a national dish, similar to porridge. "No victims today but you," said the "housewife". — "Are there any at all?" — "Of course," replied the woman: "people who have been robbed by criminals, wives of violent alcoholic husbands... ''
 * South Africa has a special service for victims of street crime and domestic violence, where a Russian traveller who sought help at the Leroro police station once spent the night (12 April 2018):

Materials in Wikisource project

 * Viktor Pinchuk  "In bullpen – voluntarily"

authors: Виктор Пинчук


text:
Greek Mythology/Titans/Metis

Metis was the Titan-goddess of good counsel, planning, cunning and wisdom. She was a counsellor of Zeus during the Titan War and came up with the plan through which Kronos was forced to vomit his consumed children. She was the 1st wife of Zeus and the mother of Athena. Metis was an Oceanid, one of the daughters of Oceanus and his sister-wife Tethys, who were 3000 in number. She was a sister of the Potamoi (river-gods), sons of Oceanus and Tethys, who also numbered 3000. Metis was the one who gave Zeus the idea to get the herbs (from Gaia) to cause Kronus to vomit out his siblings like I mentioned earlier. Husband: Zeus Offspring: Athena, Poros Parents: Oceanus and Tethys Siblings: Oceanids including Styx, Potamoi

title: Greek Mythology/Titans/Metis


text:
User:Jayswolf/Spridge: An Introduction to the Game

This book covers the creation and rules of the card game Spridge, as well as reflections on the game by its creators, Jonathan Hearn and Michael Breithaupt.

Table of Contents
Foreward

History of the Game

Objective and Play

Rules and Etiquette

Reflections on Spridge


text:
User:Jayswolf

Jayswolf page.

I'm currently working on a book on the card game, Spridge.

title: User:Jayswolf


text:
Hobo tourism/Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys/In halls and stairwells

Staying overnight in the lobby of an office structure or on the landing of an apartment building is a variation of a hobo tourist's night rest. The option was tried out by the Russian traveller Viktor Pinchuk in Japan and Hong Kong.

In the big cities of Japan, some high-rise office and residential buildings do not have code locks at the front entrances, particularly the old nine-storey apartment buildings. If you go up the stairs, there is a technical floor at the top, a not big area of which is quite suitable for a night's rest.

Sometimes it is not necessary to go up. This is what it looks like in practice: "Osaka is the second largest and third most populous city in Japan. I was not invited to visit, spent the night in the entrance hall of a relatively (by Japanese standards) small building. We live in the 21st century, high-rise blocks have a security at the entrance. Japan is not far behind. Only the guard was not at workplace: for a long time and to no avail I knocked on his booth through the tinted glass. A cosy, dead-end corridor, lined on the left and right with letterboxes, is where the stunned Japanese found the early morning "alien".

The same traveller, while in Kyoto, lived on the floor of a student dormitory for several days, having a rest at the door of the lift which does not work at night (see video), and leaving his backpack dayly in the lobby during the day. While in Hong Kong, he spent the night on the top floor of a high-rise building, near the roof exit door, where permanently hid backpack started from the second day of stay.

A guide to action
On the basis of the above, the recommendations for using this method can be summarised as follows:
 * Find a high-rise building that does not have a combination lock, climb to the end of the stairs and (if there is a technical floor and space is available) spread out a sleeping pad on the concrete and lay down to sleep.
 * Go into the lobby of the building; if a guard is present, ask him to allocate two square metres on the floor for sleeping. If there is no guard present, choose a secluded corner on your own and go to bed quickly, making as little noise as possible.

authors: Виктор Пинчук


text:
User talk:Jayswolf

Welcome
Welcome to Wikibooks, Jayswolf!

 First steps tutorial Wikibooks is for collaborative development of free textbooks.

You do not need technical skills to contribute. You can easily change most books. Please introduce yourself, and let us know what interests you.

If you already contribute at other Wikimedia projects, our Wikimedia Orientation should quickly get you started.

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(Would you like to provide feedback on this message?) Thanks for your contributions! L10nM4st3r / Roar at me 14:48, 22 August 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jayswolf


text:
User talk:4 am korea

Welcome
L10nM4st3r / Roar at me 14:52, 22 August 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:4 am korea


text:
User talk:Nada.FA

Welcome, Nada kareem22!

If you have any questions, you can ask in the assistance reading room or possibly contact me personally. —Justin ( koavf ) ❤T☮C☺M☯ 19:36, 22 August 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:Nada.FA


text: Category:Book:Introduction to Human Geography


text:
Introduction to Human Geography/Belief Systems

Relation of Geography and Belief systems
Many religions place great importance on specific locations. For example, the city of Jerusalem is particularly important to followers of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Other cities may be important to a specific religion, such as the Vatican City for Catholicism, or how Mecca is of great importance to followers of Islam. Some religions place great importance on natural features, such as the River Ganges in Hinduism, Mount Fuji in Shintoism, or the Black Hills for the beliefs of several Indigenous American peoples.

Relation of Geography and Belivers
Some countries are nearly exclusively a specific religion. For example, Vatican City is exclusively inhabited by Catholics. Other countries, such as the United States, possess a wide variety of religions. Some countries are mostly irreligious, such as North Korea, where the majority of people profess no religion officially. Oftentimes within a multicultural country, a specific region or city will be predominantly of a certain religion, such as how Salt Lake City in the United States, which possesses a Mormon population much higher then the national average.

Typically believers live in areas where there are communities of other believers of the same religion or belief system, though there are exceptions. This can be for a variety of reasons, such as being born into a religion, community support provided by other believers, or other reasons. Some believers will specifically seek out areas that lack believers, as missionaries do.


text:
Buddhist Philosophy/Mindfulness

Mindfulness is an advanced form of awareness and attention in many Buddhist schools. in Zen shikantaza practitioners "just sit" in a state of conscious awareness. In Vajrayana dzogchen and mahamudra practice, abiding in the non-dual state of rigpa is constant mindfulness.

title: Buddhist Philosophy/Mindfulness


text:
User talk:Banakamila

Add Article
Please add subcategory "Article" to my profile. Banakamila (discuss • contribs) 03:21, 23 August 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:Banakamila


text:
User talk:Iyush=12

Looking for Jasper AI Review 2022
Looking for Jasper AI Review 2022, Jarvis AI has been renamed Jasper AI or rebranded to Jasper AI so don’t confuse between Jarvis and jasper both are the same.

Everyone wants to Rank higher, including those of us who have to publish a lot of blog posts every day. Bloggers constantly need to produce new material, without sacrificing quality.

I have extensive experience in the SEO field and would be happy to rank your blog posts at the top of Google’s search results with the help of Jasper AI. Iyush=12 (discuss • contribs) 05:46, 23 August 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:Iyush=12


text:
User talk:ZN1234

Welcome, ZN1234!

If you have any questions, you can ask in the assistance reading room or possibly contact me personally.

--Xania   talk 07:01, 23 August 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:ZN1234


text: Introduction to Human Geography/Political Geography


text: ZZT-OOP/Printable version

title: ZZT-OOP/Printable version


text:
Template:Simple Page Navigation/doc/use-count/doc

400+&use


text: Telugu/Vegetables

title: Telugu/Vegetables


text:
Create Vampires/Dracula Behind Vlad-The Impaler

Dracula Behind Vlad - The Impaler
Sometimes Writers will mock their times, or the leaders in their society through parody, or through satire. In some countries Writers have the freedom to mock real men in Politics, or of great military influence who seem, in deed, like real monsters.

In History, there are a few real monsters, men who we will remember for their cruelty, or for their massive injustices. This does not appear to be the case with Dracula, a novel character considered "inspired by" Vlad The Impaler.

Because of Bram Stoker, a popular Irish Writer, Vlad came to be known as the  original  Dracula. It is ironic that the fictional character, Dracula, is well known yet the historic man, Vlad, a Prince from a Romanian royal family, is less known. According to one writer / Historian, "...as he wrote Dracula, he borrowed certain aspects of Vlad's life and wove them in with local folklore from the region."

Vlad, a special Prince of Romania, is a difficult subject to research. His Political influence is greatest in Romania, as is his mythic achievements. Vlad seemed to have influenced local folklore before Bram Stoker wrote his novel, Dracula in 1897.

Estimates puts the number of people Vlad is rumored to have killed at around 80,000 people. That seems questionable, it seems unlikely for 1 man to have murdered [directly] a large chunk of the Romanian population. Although it was never rumored by the people who tell, and re-tell folk stories, that Vlad drank blood, he is known as the person behind many bloody impalements and beheadings.

According to Wikipedia.com, "Offences where impalement was occasionally employed included contempt for the state's responsibility for safe roads and trade routes by committing highway robbery or grave robbery, violating state policies or monopolies, or subverting standards for trade. Offenders have also been impaled for a variety of cultural, sexual, and religious reasons." [wiki/Vlad_the_Impaler] Vlad's father was a ruler of Wallachia, a territory between the Ottoman Empire and Europe, a country whose modern name is now known as Romania (southern).

''' Why Create Vampires? Legal Considerations ''' For many legal reasons, people are not allowed to poison then legally bury other people alive, nor are people allowed to rob another person's grave. When we hear about the grim and bloody punishments Vlad- The Impaler inflicted on grave robbers and other lawless thieves, we may start to wonder, why create vampires? It is rumored that Vlad - The Impaler, Prince of Wallachia (a region now known as southern Romania), ran spikey poles through his enemies during the middle of the 14th century. Vlad may have impaled hundreds, worse, many of the impaled were left outside his city on display as a warning to scare off invaders and robbers, including grave robbers! Many folk stories about the Prince of Wallachia circulate where folk stories are written and read. When vampire folklore is reviewed, we learn about History, and about people from other cultures, many who struggled with, and for their humanity. We learn of the methods (sometimes bloody) people used to solve problems, and we may wonder how our society would fairly solve our problems while staying humane. We may also wonder about other folk stories from around the world, such as the zombie-person, the demon-person, or the hungry ghost-person. How does a human get turned into a hungry ghost-person?

Source:

The World's Most Glorious And Notorious Rulers: The Great And The Terrible And How They Got Their Names" by JoAnne O'Sullivan. Copyright 2020 by JoAnne O'Sullivan. Published by Running Press Kids, an imprint of Perseus Books, LLC. ISBN: 978-0-7624-9661-7

Link: Create_Vampires/Factual_Basis_For_Vampires


text:
Hobo tourism/Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys/At the cemetery

An overnight stay in cemetery is one option getting sleep for the travellers practising hobo tourism methods. Cemeteries in some countries are ideal for this purpose. See below for a list of places around the world where this method can be used, as well as the pros and cons.

Where and how?
The method is not applicable in every country. It was tested by the Russian traveller Viktor Pinchuk in Japan and Taiwan. The positive factor in this case is that the inhabitants of the above countries (as if showing care for travellers, who use methods of hobo tourism) do not place portraits of the deceased, who could materialise in dream and appear to a sleeper. In addition, the tombstones dont have frightening dates of life (or they are written in hieroglyphics). Given the similar mentality of the population and the low crime rate, it can be assumed that a similar result is to be expected in South Korea and Hong Kong.

Members of Russian traveller Anton Krotov's expedition, on their way to Sudan through Egypt in 1999, noticed the inhabitants City of the Dead occupying crypts on the outskirts of Cairo: almost every one was inhabited by a poor family; some of the cemetery buildings were empty, which the travellers took note of. In analysing the above, conclude that this method is also applicable in the Arab territories In countries with high levels of street crime, however, sleeping in cemeteries is strongly discouraged. These include: Brazil, Papua New Guinea, Venezuela, South Africa (cities such as Johannesburg and Pretoria).

The equipment
A standard hobo tourists kit: a ground pad, an inflatable pillow, a blanket or a sleeping bag (the latter is essential when visiting colder areas). It is not advisable to pitch a tent (particularly in bright colours): it may attract unnecessary attention, and there is no telling how the locals will react to such actions.

Why?
Used on a one-off basis in countries with high hotel costs and low crime rates, usually during a transit stay in an area of a settlement. It is not advisable to sleep in a cemetery for a lot of times: if you stay somewhere for a few days, it is possible to find more suitable accommodation in the meantime.

Why not go to sleep on a park bench if there is no crime in the country? Indeed, such an alternative is possible. However, a cemetery is a quiet place, with no visitors at night; a person sleeping on a bench can be the object of attention from the police (who, upon noticing a foreigner, might think that his or her visa is not in order), the guard of the area used for sleeping, or curious passers-by. Of course, in the end, the police will sort out and the curious passers-by will leave after asking you a few questions, but part of your night's rest will be spent awake.

For information
There are reports online that poor people in the Philippines, like the Egyptians, use cemeteries as permanent residences.

authors: Виктор Пинчук


text:
Oberon/ETH Oberon/License

Refer to the evaluation by Seraphimblade of compatibility of the ETH Oberon license with CC-by-SA.

title: Oberon/ETH Oberon/License


text:
Cookbook:Vegetable Coconut Rice

Vegetable coconut rice is a dish of rice and vegetables cooked in coconut milk. It's a continental dish but is also consumed in Nigeria.

Ingredients

 * Vegetable oil or coconut oil
 * Garlic, minced
 * Onion, chopped
 * Fresh ginger, peeled and minced
 * Rice
 * Pepper
 * Maggi
 * Salt
 * Coconut milk
 * Carrot, sliced
 * Spring onions, sliced

Equipment

 * Pot
 * Stove
 * Spoon
 * Knife
 * Slicing pan/tray

Procedure

 * 1) Heat a thin layer of cooking oil in a pot. Add garlic, onion, and ginger. Cook for 5 minutes until golden.
 * 2) Stir in the rice, pepper, maggi, and salt. Allow to fry for a few minutes, making sure the rice mixes with the other ingredients.
 * 3) Stir in the coconut milk and a little water. Allow to simmer for 20 minutes.
 * 4) Mix in the vegetables, and cook for 5 minutes.
 * 5) Remove the pot from the heat, and allow the dish to rest for 5  minutes.
 * 6) Stir the rice well, and serve with your choice of meat or fish.

title: Cookbook:Vegetable Coconut Rice


text:
User talk:Kingaustin07

Welcome
Welcome to Wikibooks, Kingaustin07!

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(Would you like to provide feedback on this message?) Thanks for your contributions! L10nM4st3r / Roar at me 21:13, 23 August 2022 (UTC)

Spelling
Hello, and thank you for your latest contributions to the cookbook! I just wanted to let you know that the equipment heading for recipes should be singular (i.e. "Equipment" not "Equipments"). Thanks! -- Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 12:06, 20 September 2022 (UTC)

Reviewer
Thanks for your contributions. You have recently been promoted to reviewer, meaning you can:
 * Review edits made by others
 * Use rollback
 * Move pages without leaving a redirect

Have a good day,  22:19, 1 July 2023 (UTC)

Copied content
Hi @Kingaustin07. Multiple pages you have created have contained content copied from other sources. Please stop copying content in this way; further violations may result in a block. Please let me know if you have any questions. —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 20:47, 2 July 2023 (UTC)

 * Hello @Kittycataclysm
 * thank you for reaching out, they are not copied content I write the recipes and rephrase the words in other notes to allow the procedure lose it accuracy . I am opened to be helped to generate another way of creating recipes with it looking like it was gotten from another source.
 * best wishes Kingaustin07 (discuss • contribs) 20:54, 2 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Hi @Kingaustin07. I unfortunately do not understand. If you are writing the recipes, could you please explain why they are worded exactly the same as external sources. —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 21:51, 2 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Hi @Kittycataclysm please can I see the article and the external source that they look the same? Kingaustin07 (discuss • contribs) 22:58, 2 July 2023 (UTC)
 * @Kingaustin07 We use a tool to check pages for copied text. The pages in question had a fair amount of text that was word-for-word identical to other sources. Such examples were in violation of the Wikibooks copyright policy, and the copied content was immediately deleted. Certain aspects of recipes such as simple lists of ingredients can generally not be copyrighted; however, the wording of the procedure and descriptions of the recipes can be copyrighted. Please use this to guide further contributions. Thanks! —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 03:53, 3 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Paraphrasing something is not the equivalent of losing content. If you are going to use external sources, either paraphrase it or don't insert the text at all. --SHB2000 (discuss • contribs) 04:10, 3 July 2023 (UTC)

Hiii
hi @Kingaustin07, the rules are the rules, there is a tool that’s used to check against your article to find out if you’re plagiarizing or just copying from other sources, I know you know the rules and are quite experienced, however, I know it might not be intentional, but take extra care while editing now, ensure you put it down in your own words and not copy directly from a source as this would be tracked. Cheers & happy editing B.Korlah (discuss • contribs) 03:00, 3 July 2023 (UTC)

Recipe formatting
Hi @Kingaustin07. When contributing recipes, please make sure that the ingredients are listed in the order that they appear in the procedure. Thanks —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 18:53, 10 July 2023 (UTC)

 * @Kingaustin07 You are continuing to contribute a significant number recipes that do not conform to formatting policy, which take a lot of time from other users to correct. You also are not engaging in discussion. Further non-compliant contributions will result in a block. Please reach out if you do not understand what is being asked of you. —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 22:31, 16 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Hello
 * thank you for the notice
 * please I do not understand, kindly clarify
 * thanks Kingaustin07 (discuss • contribs) 00:48, 17 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Hi @Kingaustin07. Please make sure all the recipes you create conform to Cookbook:Policy/Recipe template. Based on your recent edits (e.g. Cookbook:Sauce Feuilles (Greens Stew) pre-corrections), you should:
 * Include the template at the top of each recipe page
 * List ingredients in the order they appear in the procedure
 * Use wiki markup to format the bullets and numbered lists properly
 * Link to ingredient pages if they exist
 * Spell the section headings (e.g. equipment, procedure) correctly
 * If you don't know how to do any of these things, please reach out. —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 01:53, 17 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Ok
 * thank you
 * corrections will be done Kingaustin07 (discuss • contribs) 01:58, 17 July 2023 (UTC)

Recipe formatting again
Hi @Kingaustin07. The following recipes you created have issues: The issues include See the corrected versions of some of your recipes below, and use them as a guide: Please correct these recipes before contributing new recipes. You should use Cookbook:Policy and Cookbook:Policy/Recipe template as a guide. Thanks —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 12:16, 24 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Cookbook:Riz gras (Fried Rice)
 * Cookbook:Tchari (Jollof Rice)
 * Cookbook:N'gakasse (Groundnut Sauce)
 * Cookbook:Soso (Coconut Rice)
 * Cookbook:Saka-Saka (Cassava Leaves Stew)
 * Cookbook:Sauce Feuilles (Greens Stew)
 * Cookbook:Sauce Gombo (Okra Stew)
 * Cookbook:Ngoundja (Fried Plantains)
 * Cookbook:M'batata (Sweet Potato And Peanut Soup)
 * Cookbook:Moambe (Palm Nut Soup)
 * Cookbook:Nsima
 * Cookbook:Sudanese Ful Medames
 * Cookbook:Doule-Di
 * Cookbook:Maffé
 * Cookbook:Tchakpolo
 * Cookbook:Diri Na Njar
 * Cookbook:Chadian Salad
 * 1) Misspelled headers (should be "Procedure" not "Procedures", etc.)
 * 2) Incorrectly formatted procedure steps (should be formatted as wiki markup numbered lists)
 * 3) Incorrectly formatted ingredient lists (should be formatted as wiki markup bulleted lists)
 * 4) Random capitalization of improper nouns in the middle of sentences
 * 5) Missing links in the ingredients section
 * 6) Missing recipe template at the top of the page
 * Cookbook:Sosso-Ngondi (Ground Cassava Porridge)
 * Cookbook:Kanda (Peanut Stew)
 * Cookbook:Kisra (Sudanese Bread)
 * Cookbook:Nigerian Egg Pepper Soup

 * @Kingaustin07 I have just had to take a significant amount of time to correct your recipes since you have not responded or addressed them. Please note that you may be restricted from contributing to the cookbook in the future due to this behavior, especially if a situation like this occurs again. —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 02:35, 10 August 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kingaustin07


text:
Cookbook:Nigerian Cocoyam Chips

Nigerian cocoyam chips, popularly called kokoro in Yoruba, are a type of chips made with cocoyam (taro root).

Ingredients

 * Cocoyam
 * Salt
 * Vegetable oil

Equipment

 * Frying pan
 * Knife
 * Stove

Procedure

 * 1) Wash cocoyam with water, and peel the tuber. Rinse twice to remove dirt, then thinly slice it to your desired shape.
 * 2) Put the sliced cocoyam in a pot, then season with salt. Toss well to season all of the cocoyam.
 * 3) Preheat the frying pan enough vegetable oil for deep frying. Add the cocoyam slices, working in batches if needed, and fry until crisp.
 * 4) Drain the cocoyam chips of excess oil, and serve.

title: Cookbook:Nigerian Cocoyam Chips


text:
Cookbook:Nigerian Mushroom Pepper Soup

Mushroom pepper soup is a dish mostly consumed by the Igbo people of southeastern Nigeria. It can be served with any type of swallow.

Ingredients

 * Potatoes, peeled and cubed
 * Fresh pepper, finely sliced
 * Onion, finely sliced
 * Maggi
 * Uziza leaves
 * Uziza powder (optional)
 * Ehuru seeds, ground
 * Mushrooms, washed and shredded
 * Nchu anwu (scent leaf), sliced

Equipment

 * Pot
 * Knife
 * Stovetop

Procedure

 * 1) Heat some water in a pot. Add the potato, fresh pepper, onions, maggi, uziza, and ehuru. Bring to a simmer, and cook for 5 minutes.
 * 2) Add the mushrooms, and simmer for 5 minutes.
 * 3) Add the ncha anwu, and simmer for 5 minutes.
 * 4) Remove from the heat, and serve with any swallow.

title: Cookbook:Nigerian Mushroom Pepper Soup


text:
Cookbook:Nigerian Pasta Salad

Nigerian pasta salad is a simple cold dish of pasta tossed with meat and vegetables.

Ingredients

 * Pasta
 * Salt
 * Mayonnaise
 * Vinegar (optional)
 * Sugar or honey (optional)
 * Ground black pepper
 * Hard-boiled eggs, peeled and chopped
 * Bell pepper, chopped
 * Carrot, chopped
 * Cucumber, chopped
 * Cooked chicken, cut in small pieces

Equipment

 * Pot
 * Bowl
 * Stovetop
 * Knife
 * Spoon

Procedure

 * 1) Cook the pasta in salted boiling water until it's firm to the bite. Do not overcook, or the pasta will be mushy.
 * 2) Drain the pasta and reserve it.
 * 3) Combine the mayonnaise, vinegar, and sugar in a mixing bowl. Season to taste with salt and pepper.
 * 4) Add the pasta, egg, peppers, carrots, cucumbers, and chicken. Toss well to coat everything with the dressing.
 * 5) Serve or keep in the fridge.

title: Cookbook:Nigerian Pasta Salad


text:
Exercise as it relates to Disease/Effects of aerobic exercise to help slow the process of cognitive impairment in healthy older adults

Article: White matter plasticity in healthy older adults: The effects of aerobic exercise

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118305

What is the background to this research?[edit | edit source]
Cognitive impairment is associated with white matter deterioration in healthy older adults and this paper is identifying an intervention that can perhaps impede deterioration of brain health in the older population.

The topic of white matter deterioration and its risk factors have been extensively research, but there has been a lack of clinical trial studies on preventative treatments. It is important to identify preventative treatments as deterioration of brain health can cause a variety of poor health issues including dementia, cognitive impairment and increased risk of stroke.

Where is the research from?[edit | edit source]
The group that is involved in this intervention are healthy older adults aged between 60 to 79 years old (68% female). White matter deterioration is practically an endemic in the elderly community with 50-98% of the population older than 60 years old being affected by the disease.

The study was written by nine authors, with majority of them being involved in writing at least 3 other research papers, they are all qualified in health and psychological sciences.

This paper was supported by the National Institute on Aging at the National Institutes of Health and their main objective is to support and conduct a variety of research on aging. The funding of the study was from Abbott nutrition through the centre for nutrition, learning and memory (University of Illinois) and from the Translational Medicine Institute, Translational Accelerated Program (Colorado State University). Both these organisations have a similar mission in advancing knowledge and improving health and wellbeing throughout life.

What kind of research was this?[edit | edit source]
The study was a clinical trial that involved 180 community dwelling, low active healthy adults aged between 60-79 years. This type of research design is considered the gold standard for disease intervention research as its main objective is to find a safe and suitable intervention for different diseases.

What did the research involve?[edit | edit source]
The 213 participants were split into 4 groups for a 6 month period. The 4 groups were labelled as the active control group (improve flexibility strength and balance with yoga mats and bands), walking group (walked for 20-40 minutes at 50-60% MHR (6 weeks) and increased to 40 minutes at 60-75% MHR (18 weeks)), walking and nutrition group (same conditions as walking group but with a nutritional supplement) and the dance group (learnt 4 social dances each session). Each participant went to 3, 1 hour sessions per week and all used progressive overload. To discover if the intervention was suitable all participants had to undertake multiple MRI imaging, cognitive and cardiorespiratory testing, before and after the 6 months.

The approach for this methodology is very controlled in how it was laid out and performed. Participants had to pass a 10 question inclusion criteria with one of the questions being: are you currently involved in another physical activity program? Along with this they had to pass another inclusion criteria but for completing a MRI, which involved 3 steps. These criteria allowed the trial to have participants that fit the criteria and saw 34 people not pass. To collect the important measures, they used the same approach before and after, to assess cardiovascular variables, MRI acquisition, T1w/T2w calculation, white matter signal abnormality volume estimation, region selection, cognitive assessment and finally statistical analysis.

A limitation that occurred when collecting data was that 180 participants instead of the total 213, had good quality MRI data before and after the intervention. Another one occurred in the dance intervention, performance gain was not measured and therefore an appropriate interpretation of dance effects on white matter was limited.

What were the basic results?[edit | edit source]
Over the 6 month period, the results suggested that aerobic walking and dance helped impede white matter deterioration in older adults, as changes in vulnerable regions in the brain could be detected on a short-term scale.

Researchers interpreted these results from MRI scans as there were visible positive changes (myelination) in white matter regions in the walking and dance groups, whereas in the active control group there was a decline in those white matter regions.

The researchers may of over-emphasised the effect size of the results as changes were quite small, but they do state this and believe bigger changes will be seen with both longer studies and a larger group sample.

What conclusions can we take from this research?[edit | edit source]
The study found that walking and dance reduces white matter deterioration through the use of T1-weighted images which is not the gold-standard way (FLAIR images) to calculate white matter hyperintensity volume. This information should be interpreted with caution and that more studies will need to be conducted with the use of the gold-standard approach as some areas of the brain were underestimated. This study was important to find evidence about white matter and its relationship to exercise but there is still plenty of uncertainty around the topic and, longer studies will need to commence to allow researchers to discover adaptations of the brain to exercise on episodic memory function.

Other recent studies all suggest the same conclusion, what aerobic exercise (acute, short or long term) is the most beneficial at protecting the aging brain against white matter deterioration. A studies findings from 2019, found no correlation between exercise and the cerebral white matter microstructure over a 6 month period. Another study from 2021, found that a week-long exercise intervention induced microstructural brain changes in a number of white matter pathways.

Practical advice[edit | edit source]
Before any exercise can be performed, individuals need to take a pre exercise screening to identify if they have any conditions that could risk their health during exercise.

Exercise advice for healthy aging adults:

 * Participate in social aerobic exercises (e.g. a walking group and/or a dance group)
 * Implement progressive overload (every 2-4 weeks)
 * Do this by increasing the amount of time exercising, the load and/or intensity.
 * Monitor exercises through a fitness tracker (e.g. fitbit) and track progress
 * To help motivate individuals, set realistic goals, do social exercises and create an exercise plan.

The aging population should know about the recommended physical activity for their age group and follow the recommendations as a guideline.

Further information/resources[edit | edit source]
The National Institue on Aging provide a variety of helpful information and articles for both patients and allied health professionals on all topics relating to aging health issues.

Further readings about brain health and interventions:

 * https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/cognitive-health-and-older-adults
 * https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/preventing-alzheimers-disease-what-do-we-know

References[edit | edit source]

 * 1) Colmenares A, Voss M, Fanning J, Salerno E, Gothe N, Thomas M, Mcauley E, Kramer A, Burzynska A. White matter plasticity in healthy older adults: The effects of aerobic exercise. Neuroimage. 2021 Oct 1.
 * 2) File: Alzheimer's disease brain comparison. jpg
 * 3) Xiong Y and Mok V. Age-related white matter changes. J Aging Res. 2011 Aug 23.
 * 4) Launer L.J., Berger K.c, Breteler M.M.B.b, Dufouil C.d, Fuhrer R.e, Giampaoli S.f, Nilsson L.-G.g, Pajak A.h, de Ridder M.b, van Dijk E.J.b, Sans S.i, Schmidt R.j, Hofman A.b. Regional variability in the prevalence of cerebral white matter lesions: an MRI study in 9 European countries (CASCADE). Neuroepidemiology. 2006.
 * 5) National Institute of Aging. nia.nih.gov/about/mission. Accessed September 4, 2022. https://www.nia.nih.gov/about/mission
 * 6) Moulton C, Wee E, Kuchan M, Garleb K, Cohen N. The Center for Nutrition, Learning, & Memory: Together Addressing a Grand Challenge. The FASEB journal. 2015 April 1.
 * 7) Translational Research Acceleration Program (TRAP) Award. fightingblindness.org. Accessed September 4, 2022. https://www.fightingblindness.org/translational-research-acceleration-program
 * 8) Chidambaram A, Josephson M. Clinical research study designs: The essentials. Pediatric Investigation. 2019 Dec 21.
 * 9) File: Walking (61716) - The Noun Project. jpg
 * 10) File: USMC-100529-M-3740P-406.jpg
 * 11) File: Social-dancing-stevens-and0emma-under-arm-turn.jpg
 * 12) J. J. Steventon, H. L. Chandler, C. Foster, H. Dingsdale, M. Germuska, T. Massey, G. Parker, R. G. Wise & K. Murphy. Changes in white matter microstructure and MRI-derived cerebral blood flow after 1-week of exercise training. Sci Rep. 2021 Nov 11.
 * 13) Clark C, Guadagni V, Mazerolle E, Hill M, Hogan D, Pike G, Poulin M. Effect of aerobic exercise on white matter microstructure in the aging brain. Sci Direct. 2019 Nov 5.
 * 14) Launch of latest Adult Pre-Exercise Screening System for health and fitness industry. hsma.org.au. Accessed September 6, 2022. https://sma.org.au/launch-of-latest-adult-pre-exercise-screening-system-for-health-and-fitness-industry/
 * 15) What Is Progressive Overload Training? healthline.com Accessed September 6. https://www.healthline.com/health/progressive-overload
 * 16) Promoting Wellness in Older Patients. nia.nih.gov. Accessed September 6 2022. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/promoting-wellness-older-patients
 * 17) Physical activity and exercise guidelines for all Australians. health.gov.au. Accessed September 6 2022. https://www.health.gov.au/health-topics/physical-activity-and-exercise/physical-activity-and-exercise-guidelines-for-all-australians
 * 18) National Institute on Aging.nia.nih.gov. Accessed September 7 2022. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health