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Circuit Idea/Reinventing Circuits

The Idea
The idea of the heuristic approach in circuitry is simple - instead of presenting the circuits in their complete and perfect form, we reinvent them. Thus, we can delve deeply into the essence of phenomena, realize the meaning of technical solutions and develop heuristic thinking. This will allow us not only to analyze the operation of electronic devices, but also to create, synthesize, why not actually invent them?

Examples

 * From Ohm's basic electrical circuit we can "invent" six passive analog devices: voltage-to-current, resistance-to-current, current-to-voltage and resistance-to-voltage converters; voltage/current divider; current x resistance multiplier.

 * Thevenen and Norton's real electrical circuits give us the idea of a voltage and current divider. From Kirchhoff branch circuits we naturally obtain the parallel current summer and the series voltage summer.

 * The reactive elements capacitor and coil can play the role of current and voltage integrators, etc.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Circuit Idea/Reinventing Circuits


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Circuit Idea/Using Cause and Effect Relationships

Revealing causality
Classical electronics courses do not reveal cause and effect relations in electronic circuits. For example, who cares if there is a causality and what causes what (what quantity is an input and what an output) in Ohm's law? Authors just suppose that voltage and current change simultaneously; they do not mind how the famous rule is written (I = V/R, V = I.R or R = V/I).

Also, the classical approach considers active elements as proportional, inertialess devices where the input and output quantities change simultaneously. For example, it is believed that the collector current of a transistor changes simultaneously with its base current, the output voltage of an operational amplifier changes simultaneously with the input its voltage etc. Viewed in this way, the operation of the devices can hardly be understood because the cause-and-effect relationship between the input and output quantities is not visible.

Only, we human beings consider every change in this world as a result of some cause (in electronics that means the output quantity is a result of the input quantity). We cannot imagine that the input and output quantities can change simultaneously. We know that always the input is first and the output is second; so, the output always follows (delays) the input. So, in order to understand the operation of electronic devices, cause and effect relations must be seen.

Introducing causality
In the case when apparently there is no causality in electronic circuits, we can introduce it. Let's for concreteness consider the example above of Ohm's law. There, we first assume that voltage causes current (I = V/R) in a voltage supplied Ohm's circuit; thus we "invent" the simplest voltage-to-current converter.

Changing causality
But we know that this cause and effect relation is an arbitrary choice; so, we can change (reverse) it. This means we can assume with the same success that current causes voltage (V = I.R) in a current supplied Ohm's circuit; thus we "invent" the reverse current-to-voltage converter.

Evolving this powerful idea we will (re)invent a lot of useful and original circuits by using any accessible circuit points (including circuit outputs, supply terminals, etc.) and component parameters as an input. For example, varying with resistance as an input quantity we will obtain a resistance-to-current converter (in the case of a voltage supplied Ohm's circuit) and a resistance-to-voltage converter (in the case of a current supplied Ohm's circuit). Then, applying an input voltage to the output of an emitter follower we will "invent" the odd common-base transistor amplifying stage. Later, changing causality, we will transmute a digital-to-analog converter into a digital controlled amplifier.


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Circuit Idea/Building Circuits

The Idea
The idea of the building approach is to use the elementary electrical devices as a kind of "cubes" to "build" the more complex electronic devices.

Examples

 * We can "assemble" a parallel voltage summer from the elementary electrical voltage-to-current converters, current summer and current-to-voltage converter. Later we can add an operational amplifier to it and get an almost ideal voltage summer.

 * We can build a voltage integrator from elementary electrical voltage-current converters and a current-voltage integrator.

 * Also, we can build a voltage differentiator from a voltage-to-current differentiator and a current-to-voltage converter.

Then, we can then enhance the passive circuits above using an operational amplifier. So, we can consider electronic devices as improved electrical analog devices.

Web resources
How to Present Circuits (introducing the circuit idea, building the circuit configuration and demonstrating the circuit operation)

title: Circuit Idea/Building Circuits


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Emerging Technologies in Transportation Casebook/Immigration Processing

Introduction
On average, 2,900,000 passengers fly daily in and out of airports in the U.S. . Today, the airline industry is one of the biggest industries in the U.S., with more than 10 million scheduled passenger flights yearly. Built in 1928, Newark Metropolitan Airport became the first commercial airport in the U.S to provide services to people after the 1925 Air Mail Act commercialized the usage of air travel. With the surge of the airline industry during the 1960s, massive airports like Washington DC’s Dulles were built to accommodate the growing industry. As the airline industry continues to grow, the need for improved security and streamlining of airport services has led airports to look toward technologies like biometrics to solve their problems.

Biometrics cannot be considered to be a new form of technology. In 1892, Sir Francis Galton developed a fingerprint classification system that would be regarded as the foundation of biometrics. Since the 20th century, biometrics have been used for multiple purposes, including immigration processing and law enforcement. With the September 11 terrorist attacks, airport security became a massive priority for all airports. To meet those security challenges, the Transportation Security Agency (TSA) turned toward biometrics as the next step in airport security.

Improving airport services has always been a challenge for all airports. To improve services, airports began automating baggage claim, and boarding processes as well as airport operations such as sanitation. Automating services allow airports to streamline their services, therefore improving their overall service quality.

Despite the massive benefits biometrics and facial recognition technology provide airports, privacy concerns remain an enormous barrier to technological development. Among the challenges, one of the largest is the mass implementation of the technology, which is still in its testing phase.

This casebook was created by Jimmy Luong and Valentina Farias on November 2022 as part of Dr. Jonathan Gifford's CEIE 690/POGO 750 Emerging Technologies, Transportation, and Public Policy class at George Mason University's Schar School of Policy and Government.

Use of Biometrics in the United States
According to the International Biometrics Identity Association (IBIA), biometrics are defined as an “automated method for verifying or identifying the identity of a living individual based on physiological or behavioral characteristics”. When passing through airport security, every person is required to show identification. Currently, most people will use a form of physical ID such as their driver's license or passport. Biometrics, on the other hand, use digital IDs. According to the TSA, a digital ID is hosted on a digital platform — often a user's mobile device — owned and managed by an issuing authority”. Examples of digital ID include digital copies of a driver’s license or passport. To verify a digital ID, TSA uses Credential Authentication Technology (CAT) with Camera and 1:1 facial verification technology (CAT-2). CAT-2 serves two functions; the first is to verify the authenticity of the digital ID, and the second is to identify imposters and illegal immigrants by using facial verification technology that matches the traveler’s face with a face previously captured image from the database. This technology is still being tested by a few airports in the in U.S. at Detroit (DTW) and Atlanta (ATL) Airports. Overall, the popularity of the technology has increased in other countries like Japan and organizations like the International Air Transport Association (IATA) or Star Alliance have their own biometrics program.

Using Biometrics - Step-by-Step Process
Step 1: A sign will direct a person to a security checkpoint to provide digital ID verification. Another sign will lead them to a different security checkpoint to verify their physical form of ID.

Step 2: The Traveler presents their digital ID on a mobile device to the TSA officer at the security checkpoint, who will then use the CAT-2 system to examine the ID given.

Step 3: The traveler’s mobile device will request that the traveler show TSA their digital ID. Once the passenger consents, the digital ID is submitted to CAT-2.

Step 4: CAT-2 takes a live picture of the passenger to match the live picture from the digital ID.

Step 5: Once CAT-2 verifies the person’s identity, the system will examine other information such as flight Status, ID authentication, and itinerary information by verifying the digital ID from the  Issuing Authority."

Step 6: Once CAT-2 confirms the passenger's identity, the TSA officer will direct the passenger to the next step of the security process. If there is a no-match outcome, the TSA officer will ask for another ID to verify the traveler’s identity.

Factors that impact the development of biometrics
The use of biometrics can be considered to be the next step of airport security since it advocates for the transition from a physical ID to a digital ID. The most significant benefit of biometric technology is that it allows passengers to use a physical or digital ID. Additionally, with increased user-friendliness, biometrics offer a more efficient method of identity verification. This is due to a high level of information acceptability and collectability. IATA says biometric security reduces human error in checking passports. Another benefit is that the technology assists TSA officers in analyzing and checking the Department of Homeland Security's entire fingerprint database to check if a person is attempting to use a fraudulent ID.

Despite the benefits that biometrics bring, privacy concerns remain the most prominent barrier to the mass deployment of a biometrics program in the United States. According to a 2019 survey by IATA, it was found that “73% of passengers are willing to share their biometric data to improve airport processes (up from 46% in 2019). TSA is currently working on a system to manage information known as the “OTVC Document Management Systems (DMS)” or known as “the Gateway”. There is still work to be done regarding who can access the information, where the information will be stored, and when this information will be used. Despite the positive reactions from the public, IATA also found that “Data protection remains a key issue with 56% of passengers indicating concern about data breaches. Passengers want clarity on who their data is being shared with (52%) and how it is used/processed (51%).”. Technical concerns remain a problem as the technology may stop working or break at any moment. As a result, passengers will be required to go through a different gate that only provides service with physical ID until the system is back online or is replaced.

As a result of the challenges stated above, TSA has made program participation voluntary and is still testing the technology.

Operations
Airports, which are often considered the gateway to cities, have faced increasing volumes of passengers in the last few years. Even with the COVID-19 pandemic, which temporarily shut down commercial air travel for many countries, travel demand is once again on the rise. Countries like Colombia, Mexico and Nigeria have already reached their pre-pandemic passenger traffic demand in 2022. The Airports Council International (ACI) also predicts that global air travel demand will reach 2019 levels by 2024. High travel demands often push airports to their capacity, leading to crowded airports and long security checks. This causes passenger frustration and stress, making the overall experience unpleasant, and at times, dissuading passengers from returning to that airport. High passenger volumes means that airports will need to implement solutions like smart gates, smart check-in processes, and biometric technology to improve passenger experiences and accelerate security queues. These digital solutions will improve the commercial and technical efficiency of airports, ensuring they remain competitive while providing safe and welcoming environments for passengers.

Self-Service Technology (SST)
One way airports can become more efficient is through Self-Service Technology (SST), which allows airports to automate processes like flight and baggage check-in and parking. SST can speed up processes and reduce queues at the check-in counter as some passengers will check-in online. Allowing customers to access their flight information through smartphones also gives airlines a convenient method of communicating and interacting with customers. It takes two minutes for a passenger to check in using the traditional method while some self-service check-in systems have sped up this process to 30 seconds, making it four times faster than the traditional check-in method. There are many strategies to integrate technology in airports. The Munich Airport employed a “mobility as a service” program that allows passengers to compare transportation options to travel to and from the airport and see real-time waiting times at checkpoints. The Copenhagen Airport uses SST solutions to reduce waiting times during boarding and baggage claim. Singapore’s Changi Airport has digitalized its identity, supporting customers through apps; and using IoT, AI, and machine learning to engage with customers at various stages of their journey. This allows them to have many digital platforms which can be accessed through One ID – allowing the airport to collect data, and the customer to receive highly personalized experiences, information and offers. Changi Airport has won over 654 awards, including UK Business Traveler’s Best Airport in the World 35 times.

Taufik & Hanfiah’s 2019 study determined that passengers tend to value SST’s “perceived usefulness” over its “ease-of-use”. This means that passengers will use the technologies if they deem them useful, or faster, but airport management should ensure that SST are simple and easy to use. SSTs are becoming more common in airports across the globe and are one step that airports can take to reach digital maturity, that is, full integration of intelligent systems in their management and operating systems.

Automated Border Control (ABC) / e-Gates
Automated Border Control (ABC), often referred to as e-Gates, are fully automated systems that authenticate travel documents and corroborate traveler identity. The ongoing use of biometric technology and travelers’ acceptance of SSTs have led to the use of ABCs in airports. ABCs are useful as security agents often have a very short amount of time to determine whether the passenger in question is admissible into the country or not according to their immigration policies. Many ABCs use tokens to track travelers. When the passenger is located for the first time, a token will be created. The token will remain active until the passenger passes through an immigration checkpoint again. The token will rely on face recognition to determine if it is the same traveler. ABCs also rely on databases that store passenger information and travel history as well as machine-readable travel documents. These documents include biometric passports and e-passports with radio frequency identification (RFID) chips that store personal data and varying biometric traits such as fingerprints, face, and iris images. Systems like these facilitate high volumes of passengers while maintaining security and meeting immigration requirements.

ABC structures include the electronic passport reader, biometric readers, an electronic door which allows the passenger to pass through, a screen that displays visual instructions, and several biometric capture devices. There are three main types of ABCs, single-step, integrated and segregated two-step systems. Single step processes are those where the traveler only needs to verify their identity at the e-gate and does not need to enroll prior to the use of the gate. The reading of biometrics and authentication occurs simultaneously. In the case where there is an error or the information does not match, the traveler will have to see an immigration officer to undergo the traditional check. Integrated two-step systems split the document check and identity verification into two steps within the same physical space. Segregated two-step systems are the same as integrated two-step systems but occur at two separate locations.

According to the biometric data, previous travel history and behavior, travelers will be categorized into different risk categories, known, normal and enhanced passengers. Each category has different levels of security checks. Known travelers will undergo previous background checks, and after passing, will have access to expedited checks. This trusted-traveler program is only possible given the high levels of accuracy of biometric systems. In the United States, there are different programs that give “known” travelers the convenience of faster checks. They include Global Entry, Nexus, Sentri, and TSA PreCheck. By allowing “known” travelers to proceed faster, it also frees resources to screen other travelers who pose a higher risk. Enhanced passengers will experience the most screening.

For digital transformations to be successful, it is necessary to invest in human resource education and training. Each employee should understand why digitization is important and the benefits they will receive from it. Creating a culture of digitization will also mean that employees will be able to anticipate needs and skills required. It is also important to have a high degree of cooperation between the airport, airlines, and different levels of government.

Challenges
Although SSTs and ABCs are needed to expedite airport processes, there are still some challenges that need to be addressed. Acceptance of new technologies varies depending on age groups, with younger generations accepting technological changes faster, and adapting more easily. Taufik & Hanfiah argue that in addition to new technologies, airports should maintain a traditional check-in counter for those who prefer human interaction or do not wish to learn how to use the self-serving counters.

Like many other technological equipment, SSTs and ABCs can break or stop functioning. If this happens, a back-up machine will need to be used, or the previous, traditional process can be used until the SST or ABC is fixed. Many airports are also in the early stages of digitization, and thus, are not prepared to become “smart” yet. Digitizing includes new security procedures, training, and new equipment. Nonetheless, it is important for airports to adopt new technologies to stay competitive.

On occasion, travelers have tried to fool automated systems using “photo attacks” where a person will use someone else’s photo rather than their own face to fool the face recognition system. Similarly, masks with photos printed on them have been used for similar purposes. The use of makeup, costumes, wigs, and plastic surgery also make it more difficult for the face recognition system to identify travelers.

Effects of COVID-19 on Airport Operations
The COVID-19 pandemic, which significantly reduced air traffic in 2020 and 2021, presented challenges in sanitation and health certificate checks, but also provided opportunities to further digitize processes, reduce touchpoints, and improve security in airports.

Digital Health Certificates
To stop the spread of COVID-19, many governments required travelers to show proof of vaccines or negative PCR tests to be eligible to enter the country. Initially, many of the vaccine certificates were paper documents which increased processing times at airports. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) released data that showed that at 30% pre-COVID travel demand levels, processing times had risen from 1.5 to 3 hours. At that same pace, if travel demand recovered to 100% pre-COVID traffic levels, processing times would increase to 8 hours.

IATA also recommended required health certificates to be integrated into the automated system through a digital certificate. This would reduce processing times and queueing. The digital certificates need to meet a standard so that they are internationally recognized and are interoperable with testing facilities and other vaccine certificates. IATA identified other advantages of digital health certificates, these included reducing touchpoints with the removal of physical documents, increasing the capacity of border control authorities who would only need to manage one digital identity, and avoiding the use of fraudulent documents. Digitizing health certificates aligned with previous moves to give passengers control over their journey through SSTs. Digital health certificates enabled travelers to arrive at airports “ready to fly” as they had been used to, instead of forcing them back to traditional check-in processes.

Sanitation
COVID-19 presented airports with the opportunity to enhance their cleaning procedures and create safer environments for travelers. Many airports have risen to the challenge and have developed different ways to sanitize their space. Kováčiková et al. identify the following approaches :

 * Qatar’s Hamad International Airport in Doha, invested in “Smart Screening Helmets” which are worn by airport employees to protect them from the virus. In addition, the airport also deploys UV disinfection robots that emit UV-C light eliminating viruses. These robots are placed in strategic areas with high volumes of travelers.
 * Singapore’s Changi International Airport also deployed autonomous cleaning robots with UVC LED technology and disinfecting sprays.
 * Vancouver International airport uses ultraviolet cleaning lamps and contactless screen protectors in kiosks.
 * Houston International Airport also uses autonomous robots to clean and disinfect surfaces using UV technology and LIDAR remote sensing to determine the distance of the target objects.
 * Rome’s Fiumicino International Airport uses thermal scanners and smart helmets with infrared temperature sensors to measure travelers’ body temperature.

ACI’s Smart Security
The Airports Council International (ACI) “represents the collective interest of airports around the world to promote excellence in the aviation industry”. They do so by working with governments, experts, and international organizations like ICAO, IATA, and WHO to develop standards, policies, programs, and best practices globally. ACI currently represents 1950 airports, and 717 members in 185 countries.

ACI has determined that by 2040, international passenger traffic will be almost at par with domestic traffic. International passenger traffic will increase from 41.4% in 2017, to 48.6% in 2049. To tackle these high travel demands, ACI has developed Smart Security as the “leader in security innovation for passenger and baggage screening” and envisions checkpoints as “walk-through walkways”.

ACI identified airport design as a problem that needs to be solved. They claim that security measures are usually reactionary and are not considered during the design process. They also worry that current airports do not have the capacity to provide service for future passenger traffic. ACI expects 20.9 billion passenger traffic in 2040. To tackle this problem, ACI partnered with airports, government agencies and airlines to strengthen security, increase operational efficiency, and improve passengers’ experience. Airport partners include the Amsterdam Airport, London Heathrow, Singapore’s Changi Airport, and Hamad International Airport Qatar. Government agency partners consist of the UK’s Department of Transport, the US Transportation Security Administration, Transport Canada, Canadian Air Transport Security and New Zealand’s Aviation Security Service. This global partnership also includes KLM, Lufthansa, Qantas, and AeroMexico as airline partners.

Ultimately, Smart Security will introduce risk-based security concepts through artificial intelligence, automated threat recognition, and global information sharing. It will also advance screening technologies that take up less physical space and develop process innovations that allow passengers to have a seamless walking experience while going through different security checkpoints. From the traveler’s perspective, the journey will be a non-intrusive, walking-pace experience. The Smart Security program has pioneered research and proposed many of today’s current practices, like automated tray return systems and central image processing that allows x-ray images to be reviewed in separate rooms. Current research is focused on explosive detection systems for cabin baggage (EDS-CB) and computed tomography (CT).

Airport 4.0
The concept of Airport 4.0 represents the full digitization of airports and full digital maturity. Traditional airports with basic IT solutions are considered Airports 1.0. Airports that include some automation, SSTs, and Wi-Fi are classified as Airports 2.0. Airports in the next phase, Airport 3.0, are fully automated. Finally, Airport 4.0 are smart airports, which are fully digitized, and data is captured and shared with key stakeholders. Airport 4.0 are part of a wider digital ecosystem.

The digital transformation associated with Airport 4.0 not only automates processes but also engages passengers through smartphones, cloud, blockchain technology, big data, IoT, and robotics. These allow for fast solutions and preventive actions to take place using geo-location, identity management, flow management and RFIDs. To support full digitization, airports must provide pervasive, reliable, and secure broadband wireless connectivity.

Private companies are now bidding to become connectivity providers and provide better operational and situational awareness through intelligent application-based solutions. From automatically reporting incidents to first responder vehicles, to using digital twins, Airport 4.0 is the future of aviation.

Airport 4.0 will require collaboration between many stakeholders. To ensure that the collaboration is efficient, airports will need high levels of connectivity. Maintaining strong security, a reliable network, and keeping services and data management at the airport, will require high-performance LTE and 5G networks. Nokia’s Global Public Safety and Aviation Practice Lear, Richard van Wijk, stated that “connectivity can no longer be treated as a commodity. It is a strategic asset that is as important to an airport as the runway”. This concept is at the heart of the Airport 4.0 vision.

Conclusion
In a post-9/11 world, the need for increased airport security has increased dramatically. To meet the growing security challenge, USA’s TSA turned to CAT-2, which combines biometrics and facial recognition technology to verify the validity of any form of digital ID and to verify the passenger’s identity. CAT-2  reduces human error and provides a more effective form of ID verification. Factors such as the usage, storage, and access to information have significantly slowed down the mass implementation of biometrics in the U.S, causing it to remain in testing. Other countries have strengthened security processes by using ABCs/e-Gates. ABCs use biometric technology to allow border control authorities to keep track of travelers and verify passenger identity.

Most airports today have employed self-service technology by allowing travelers to check-in using their smartphones or by providing flight information digitally. Although some travelers still prefer face-to-face interactions, most travelers are happy to use SSTs. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the use of technologies by digitizing and automating processes to avoid the spread of the virus.

Modern airports are shifting from places where planes take off and land to retail and hospitality hubs. They also represent the region’s economic development, and the most modern airports, like Singapore’s Changi airport, have become a landmark themselves. As more airports adopt new technologies and engage with travelers to make their journeys as seamless as possible, airports that do not digitize and automate will become less competitive.


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Circuit Idea/Combining and Varying Electrical Quantities

The Idea
A large part of the electronic devices we can "invent" by combining and varying with the parameters of the studied object. For this purpose, in a series of experiments, we choose successively an independent and a dependent variable, keeping the other quantities constant. We then begin to vary the independent variable and observe the behavior of the dependent variable. By making such separate "sections" of the studied object, we "reverse" and combine the cause-and-effect relationships between individual quantities, get new points of view and penetrate deeply into the essence of things

Examples
If we assume that in a basic electrical circuit voltage causes current (the usual cause-and-effect relationship), and start varying the quantities voltage and resistance, we get a voltage-to-current, resistance-to-current, and voltage-to-current dividers already mentioned.

 * Conversely, if we assume that the current causes voltage (reversing the cause-and-effect relationship) and vary the quantities current and resistance, we obtain the remaining converters (current-to-voltage, resistance-to-voltage, and current x resistance multiplier).

 * Using the same techniques, we can turn a digital-to-analog converter into a programmable amplifier and multiplier, and an analog-to-digital converter into a ratio meter and digital sample & hold circuit.


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User:Adamvialsmoore/sandbox

This is the space where people can come and do a trial and error editing without any worries - feel free to do whatever you like and I will periodically delete everything!!

Here is a bold piece of text

User:Adamvialsmoore/sandbox/a new page

title: User:Adamvialsmoore/sandbox


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ORCID Advocacy Toolkit/Advocacy Toolkit Sprint

Agenda (timing from start of event)
10:00 Introductions

10:15 Overview of aims

10:30 Discussions of wikibooks / sprint goals / task selection - team formation

11:00 Session to create / curate – Teams open

14:00 Reconvene : Review 1

14:20 Session to create / curate – Teams open

16:00 Reconvene : Review 2

16:30 Round up

16:45 Discuss next steps – close

The day is broken up into 3 parts. You’re welcome to participate in as much as you are able. We’re aware that setting aside a whole day can be a challenge.

From 10-11 we’ll cover the basics of the day – what we hope to achieve, where and how we’re working.

Then there will be 2 sessions to work the main focus of the day – you are free to attend one or both.

We WILL run a round up and next steps at EXACTLY 16:30 ;)

I hope that encourages some of you that were a bit concerned / daunted about a whole day (although we’d be so grateful to have as many as you contribute for as much as you can)

= Platforms =

Teams advocacy channel for communication during the day

We've created a Jamboard for ideas and teams

Wikibooks is the wikimedia eBook platform – it allows the creation of a granular set of pages which you can then edit together into an output / book. This means you can have web pages as wiki pages or exports. You can also export as PDF / ePub (for kindle etc) and ODT (for Word etc). You can also refer to wikipedia and wikidata if you need to…

Wikimedia2LaTeX means that you can do the final part of production – you can export to LaTeX, import to OverLeaf to produce high quality output. Either for distiller / PDF or to any one of their output formats (slides etc…)


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User:Adamvialsmoore

Dr Adam Vials Moore is currently the Product Specialist for Persistent Identifiers in the Open Research Team at Jisc.

He is part of the team supporting the UK ORCID consortium.

An advocate of the need for the outputs of research to be openly available and easy to discover and access, Adam has experience across a wide array of enabling technologies and infrastructures, including metacognitive and adaptive learning, hypertext, bioinformatics and RIM/repository architecture.

His current interests focus on ensuring the global connectivity enabled by PIDs, infrastructure and metadata allow for equitable discovery and access for all scholarly work and developing the intertwingular nature of hyperconnected information structures.

He is a CoI on the PR Voices project - a stakeholder led community embedded endeavour to create an equitable landscape for all research, whatever the discipline, where we move beyond the “other” of non-text outputs, recognising practice research and enabling it to be valued as equal to papers, publications and monographs, and ensuring that it is captured and preserved, is made discoverable and can be re-used.

title: User:Adamvialsmoore


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ORCID Advocacy Toolkit/Audiences/Researchers

Researcher Audiences
Question: are there enough differences between the sub-audiences in this section that you need dedicated subsections/messages

General tips for researchers
https://web.archive.org/web/20230131191333/https://blog.research-plus.library.manchester.ac.uk/2016/01/04/seven-tips-for-promoting-orcids-to-busy-academics/ (written in 2016 but just as valid today)

Messages to researchers
List of institutional guides which show some of the below are in other sections of this wiki [add links] https://vimeo.com/495762735
 * Benefits of ORCID
 * How to connect to organisational systems
 * How we use your ORCID at our organisation
 * Clarifying what the internal systems do and don't will the CRIS update your ORCID record? will it do this automatically?
 * Other steps to take to keep your ORCID record up to date
 * Info about academic profiles/online presence

Responding to researcher concerns/reservations
Why do I need an ORCID profile when I have researchgate/other profile?

What does ORCID do/allow me to do that the other profiles don't?

What happens if I leave the institution?

See https://blogs.kent.ac.uk/orcid/files/2015/02/ORCID-Advocacy-Toolkit-BLOG-VER.pdf section with 3 questions [copy questions here?]


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ORCID Advocacy Toolkit/So you would like to..../Institutional guide on ORCID

List of examples of institutional pages on ORCID
A collection of links for the pages provided by UK ORCID Consortium members is available in the Teams Space. To register in the UK ORCID Community Space please contact help@jisc.ac.uk. Within the Teams space you can check out the Implementations tab.

What sections do institutional pages on ORCID usually contain?
Benefits of ORCID See some examples

FAQ See some examples

Reference to institutional policy See some examples

Connecting to institutional systems See some examples

Embedding of resources from ORCID

 * Videos are popular e.g.


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ORCID Advocacy Toolkit/Resources

Special ORCID Promotions (competitions/prizes)
University of Reading Orchid for an ORCID

University of York Customised Mug

University of Western Australia ORCID iD Competition

ORCID Competition 2017 in Cambridge

Customised promotional materials/swag
University of Glasgow ORCID Postcard

University of Kent (materials as part of their Advocacy Toolkit including postcards, business cards, badges and fluffy bugs)

University of York Postcard

Description: - Used the ‘Distinguish Yourself’ tagline (as used within ORCID’s own registration page) and this proved successful. Other promotional materials contained a duck motif which was designed by a member of the Research Support team. ‘Duck density’ is a notable feature of the University, so the design worked well in the York context

Resources from ORCID
Outreach resources

I'm a Member Now What Webinar on advocacy (May 2023)

Resources from UK ORCID consortia members
Liverpool John Moores University

University of Bath

University of Birmingham

University of Bristol

University of Oxford

University of Reading

University of Westminster

Resources from other international ORCID consortia
Australian Access Federation: ORCID Communication and Outreach Resources

title: ORCID Advocacy Toolkit/Resources


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User talk:MarcGarver/11

Transwiki categories
Regarding your deletion summary: Should such categories just be removed from the transwiki pages? That would also clean up Special:WantedCategories. 𝟙𝟤𝟯𝟺𝐪𝑤𝒆𝓇𝟷𝟮𝟥𝟜𝓺𝔴𝕖𝖗𝟰 (𝗍𝗮𝘭𝙠) 12:38, 2 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Yes, I agree with that. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 16:43, 22 January 2021 (UTC)
 * I did some cleanup. As this is a task that will have to be done over and over again as new transwikis are imported, this might be a good task for a bot. @JackPotte Could you add a task to automatically remove categories from pages in the Transwiki: namespace (108)? 𝟙𝟤𝟯𝟺𝐪𝑤𝒆𝓇𝟷𝟮𝟥𝟜𝓺𝔴𝕖𝖗𝟰 (𝗍𝗮𝘭𝙠) 16:07, 4 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Hello, I rather think that it's a human job to treat the transwiki pages instead of decorating them outside of the books (and maybe forget them a little more). JackPotte (discuss • contribs) 20:36, 4 March 2021 (UTC)

Need for additional sysops
Hi, I'm part of the SWMT (Small Wiki Monitoring Team), and I see you have active editors. You do not have many active admins (6), so I was wondering if you were in need of assistance on-wiki. If so, please do tell me, and I'll be happy to help. If you are in need of additional sysops, I can get those as well, or I am happy to help out myself. You can email me at this link, reach me on IRC at, and on Discord at. BlackWidowMovie0 (discuss • contribs) 20:11, 22 January 2021 (UTC)
 * User is cross-wiki hatcollector and sockpuppeteer; see, for example, testwiki:Wikipedia:Requests/Permissions/BlackWidowMovie0. 𝟙𝟤𝟯𝟺𝐪𝑤𝒆𝓇𝟷𝟮𝟥𝟜𝓺𝔴𝕖𝖗𝟰 (𝗍𝗮𝘭𝙠) 20:18, 22 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Incorrect, I socked on enwiki, and am moving on. I had a genuine need for the testwiki perms, which were denied. So.....hatcollector: X. Sockpupeteer: X. BlackWidowMovie0 (discuss • contribs) 20:27, 22 January 2021 (UTC)

The usual criteria apply for administrators here - tenure, many productive contributions and an understanding of the unique nature of Wikibooks. This is a global Sysop project so I'd recommend you pursue that route. Getting administration rights here would likely take you at least a year or two of extensive editing, not just vandal reverting. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 20:31, 22 January 2021 (UTC)
 * , Thank you for the advice! If you ever need anything, don't hesitate to reach out. Thanks! BlackWidowMovie0 (discuss • contribs) 16:05, 23 January 2021 (UTC)

CheckUser
Hi, can you run a CheckUser on the account User:Seckends? They have very similar editing patterns to an IP that I've blocked for creating nonsensical pages. Thanks in advance. Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 19:36, 31 January 2021 (UTC)

Looks like a duck. Blocked QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 19:50, 31 January 2021 (UTC)

"Mermaid" CheckUser
Can you run a CheckUser on the following sets of accounts:

 * User:MermaidWhoCodes1912
 * User:Mermaid2602
 * User:MermaidWhoCodes
 * User:NFP02

They are creating copyvio material (remember the C++ Wikibooks book they tried to create? Turns out that they're copying it from various sources), and repeatedly creating accounts despite my blocking. It would be helpful if you could block the underlying IP range. Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 12:01, 3 February 2021 (UTC)
 * You got all of the accounts and autoblock is now in effect for the underlying IP addresses, so that should stop the problem. I'll keep an eye on it. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 12:57, 3 February 2021 (UTC)

Thank you for the assist
Thank you for pointing out how using the word "Shambles" was inappropriate on US History/Biden. I think I let my own personal experience in the pandemic color my writing, and I apologize for that. I will do better to remain neutral while editing. Thank you again, and apologies for my slip. --Mbrickn (discuss • contribs) 22:08, 3 February 2021 (UTC)

Blocking using abusefilter
Any way we can get that to work (it seems to be absent here, unlike mediawiki)? Or do I need to file a Phabricator task? Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 09:39, 4 February 2021 (UTC)
 * - a Phab task is required. Block is disabled by default on all wikis, then enabled by request on a small number. To enable it needs $wgAbuseFilterActions['block'] = true; added to the enwikibooks configuration section of abusefilter.php. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 10:43, 4 February 2021 (UTC)
 * I'll do it then, it's kind of urgent due to the chess spam. Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 10:45, 4 February 2021 (UTC)

Wikimedia-1
I can't seem to post anything there, so can you do that for me? I want to post about Reading_room/Proposals because I think that this proposal will have wide-ranging changes to the entire Wikimedia community if passed, and hence want to get more consensus if possible. Thanks in advance. Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 08:26, 14 February 2021 (UTC)

File:DUN config 1.png
I am not sure what you mean; it looks fine to me, with the Microsoft licensing template added...? Plus the rationale seems valid, and is no different to the fair-use images I've uploaded from Microsoft. Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 11:53, 22 February 2021 (UTC)
 * I've undeleted one of them (Animated_paperclip.png); it's not "replaceable" as you claimed, because the context is not about the paperclip, but about the software that employed the paperclip, and is an example of poor usability. I might be misunderstanding something from a Wikibooks point of view however. Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 11:59, 22 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Fair Use would mean, in this context, that nothing else could be used to illustrate bad usability - including properly licensed content. That is, you would have to be discussing very specifically ONLY Microsoft poor usability and which is not what the book is about. E.g., I can't use a copyright picture from a bad movie to illustrate a book about bad movies in general. It would have to be both specifically about that movie, be absolutely necessary to illustrate why the movie was bad, etc. I think you have crossed a bright line on copyright to include it. Personally I think our EDP is legally questionable and is not rigid enough per the requirements the Foundation lays down. E.g., the Wikipedia one is extensive and precise and I don't think the stuff I deleted would comply with their policy. Ours is about three lines of text. That however is a different issue.  Probably worth a discussion in one of the Reading Rooms rather than wheel warring over it. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 13:18, 22 February 2021 (UTC)
 * I hate the organisation of material here. So the actual policy is at Media. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 13:27, 22 February 2021 (UTC)
 * I can see where you're coming from, but the paperclip image is a very good example. Is it worth using an inferior image that would not convey the idea as well for the sake of ensuring free use? A similar example can be given for the network images that you deleted. (As for the EDP, that's something we can consider for the proposals section) Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 13:45, 22 February 2021 (UTC)
 * You're as qualified as me to decide. If you think it is in line with the policy, then go ahead and use it. I was actually getting round to reviewing all the unreviewed Files here (having cleared the pending changes backlog) rather than specifically targeting particular images, and these ones looked out of line with the policy - most of the changes I made were to ones with no license or FU criteria. Happy to go with your opinion rather than mine on these specific ones. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 13:52, 22 February 2021 (UTC)

LTA
If you're already revdelling (which I don't know if it is necessary), you should also delete https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&logid=4929610. 𝟙𝟤𝟯𝟺𝐪𝑤𝒆𝓇𝟷𝟮𝟥𝟜𝓺𝔴𝕖𝖗𝟰 (𝗍𝗮𝘭𝙠) 21:04, 2 March 2021 (UTC)
 * , I undid the initial revdel (which I think was due to a concern of a user accidentally posting their IP), not sure what exactly you want us to delete (or revdel?). Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 21:11, 2 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Right, didn't see this. Thanks! 𝟙𝟤𝟯𝟺𝐪𝑤𝒆𝓇𝟷𝟮𝟥𝟜𝓺𝔴𝕖𝖗𝟰 (𝗍𝗮𝘭𝙠) 21:12, 2 March 2021 (UTC)

I started the revdel because I was going to CU the account and if I needed to subsequently warn them then I would be linking their account to an IP which is strongly discouraged. It became unnecessary when it became obvious that it's was the same user logged out and an LTA. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 22:00, 2 March 2021 (UTC)

Archiving
Hi, would you mind removing an Amazon link from a comment you wrote and helping automated archiving? It looks like the link prevents my bot from archiving the surrounding text because doing so will trigger MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist. A quick solution would be to nowiki-fy the external link. A similar situation happened at ja.wikipedia and the same fix worked. Whym (discuss • contribs) 10:51, 5 March 2021 (UTC)
 * I'll just refactor it and remove the link. Thanks - QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 10:55, 5 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Thanks, I think the bot works as expected now. Whym (discuss • contribs) 11:10, 5 March 2021 (UTC)

Air Safety Book..
Not sure if you were focusing solely on 'mechanical' and human factors analysis, but I will note that the shift to 'fly-by-wire' systems, Airbus and Boeing being among the first to implement it in civil aviation, changed the risk profile. The earliest mention of fly-by-wire systems I can find in "The RISKS Digest" is in 1985.

You are presumably aware of the issue with certain Boeing planes ( https://www.aviationlawmonitor.com/2019/03/accident-investigation-1/the-boeing-737-max-8-controversy-explained/ ) in the last few years? (which was partly software related.)

ShakespeareFan00 (discuss • contribs) 10:00, 2 April 2021 (UTC)
 * The extent of the content is likely to be linked to the causes of air safety incidents, so would include software, electronic, electromechanical, human, procedural and other failures. In real life I am, amongst other things, a human behaviour and a critical systems safety specialist, so these are likely to be the area of higher focus. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 09:51, 6 April 2021 (UTC)

Types of Electric Circuit
Hello sir. I have created a page that name is Types of Electric Circuit. But no one doesn't reviewed that page. So please check it's quality. Thank you Tanbirzx (discuss • contribs) 14:55, 8 April 2021 (UTC)
 * We talked about this in 2019 briefly. We don't have separate pages like this at Wikibooks, instead we have textbooks. Your page needs integrating into a book - until it is, it won't be quality reviewed. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 15:46, 8 April 2021 (UTC)

Poem of Sidi Boushaki
Hello QuiteUnusual,

Thank you for the interest you have shown in the article on the Poem of Sidi Boushaki which is one of the most studied Arabic grammar texts in the world, and of which several exegeses and comments have been published. I hope you will help me improve the presentation of the text in accordance with Wikibooks standards. Cordially. --Lofton05 (discuss • contribs) 10:14, 19 April 2021 (UTC)
 * The main point is if this is just an article, or just a source text, then it is out of scope. If you are writing a book that explains the poem, or an annotation to the text, then that's fine. Thanks - QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 11:38, 19 April 2021 (UTC)

Some doubts
Hello, This might not be the right place to ask but I could not find any village pump like page here to communicate my doubts. So, I went on to check the Admins here and reached you. I am new here. But, I know somewhat about Wikipedia. I read some of the policies page here and I am still not sure whether we can add already published books here? Or, we are supposed to write new books only? I sent an Email also that I found from the Contact us page but got no reply. I am also confused about what will make any difference in the contents of Wikiversity and Wikibooks. Thanks in advane. And, sorry if I made a wrong move to ask you here. Lightbluerain (discuss • contribs) 18:04, 11 May 2021 (UTC)

An already published book if it was open source would go to Wikisource, not here. Wikibooks is for writing new books QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 19:21, 11 May 2021 (UTC)

 * Alright. Lightbluerain (discuss • contribs) 03:22, 12 May 2021 (UTC)

Neutrality on a wikibooks page
Ok, I joined sometime last night/SUPER early this morning right. Ive been a wikipedia member for awile but anyways I was on pokemon fandom and started noticing multiple mistakes so I started fixing them and i ultimately ended up here. Well more accurately (wikibooks) and noticed someone had flagged a topic I was interested in for the hour and I didn't know who to tell as to working on fixing the "problem" if any at all? Lol Apologies in advance if I explain in too much detail BeatnikSnail (discuss • contribs) 09:10, 12 May 2021 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure I understand the question you are asking. If you are asking "can I fix or problem, or do I need to tell someone first?", then the answer is you can just fix it. As a new editor, your edits will likely be reviewed by more experienced editors who will check you haven't made any mistakes which can happen as the Wiki editor isn't the easiest to use. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 14:32, 13 May 2021 (UTC)

CU request
Can you run CheckUser on User:MarvinMarie90? Seeing different accounts post identical spam, and hence think a rangeblock on the underlying IPs would be needed. P.S: do you think I should run for CheckUser, given that Xania is inactive? Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 20:18, 16 May 2021 (UTC)
 * Unfortunately there's no common range. Feel free to run for CU. It may take a while to get the required 25 votes but theres no problem with the request staying open as long as necessary. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 21:12, 16 May 2021 (UTC)
 * Do you think that it should be added to the sitenotice? Seems to be practice for past CU nominations but not sure if it's right here. Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 08:59, 30 May 2021 (UTC)
 * You can add a sitenotice if you want. It'll probably help. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 07:51, 2 June 2021 (UTC)
 * Would it be OK to politely nudge those that are active (and that I interact with) but haven't voted? Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 08:12, 14 July 2021 (UTC)
 * I would think so. We don't have the same focus on canvasing as at Wikipedia, but you should avoid appearing to badger people to support you. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 08:19, 14 July 2021 (UTC)

YGM
Kindly take a look at your email. Thanks. --Minorax (discuss • contribs) 05:39, 26 May 2021 (UTC)
 * I did thanks and that's what led to my note on the talk page of the editor in question. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 08:23, 26 May 2021 (UTC)
 * Seems like the editor doesn't want to address the issue that led to the global lock. --Minorax (discuss • contribs) 15:41, 27 May 2021 (UTC)

Literature and reading guides on Wikibooks
Can Wikibooks be used for books about literature such as compendiums of synopses and reading guides?--Darrelljon (discuss • contribs) 14:00, 28 May 2021 (UTC)
 * things like a parallel text of reading guide are permitted, but I wouldn't expect to see one in Wikijunior as this is an unlikely audience for such a book. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 14:44, 28 May 2021 (UTC)

Invitation for Functionary consultation 2021
Greetings,

I'm letting you know in advance about a meeting I'd like to invite you to regarding the Universal Code of Conduct and the community's ownership of its future enforcement. I'm still in the process of putting together the details, but I wanted to share the date with you: 27 June, 2021. I do not have a time on this date yet, but I will let you soon. We have created a meta page with basic information. Please take a look at the meta page and sign up your name under the appropriate section.

Thank you for your time.--BAnand (WMF) 15:06, 2 June 2021 (UTC)

Regarding Subject: namespace and its pages
Hello, I am from Hindi Wikibooks (hiwikibooks) where I am trying to manage cataloguing. We have nearly all our templates imported from enwikibooks and follow the same structure.

I'm just curious about the future of this "Subject:" namespace here on English Wikibooks. Because, we, at Hindi project, still have a very few pages in this namespace, created following the practice here. But we have a lot of (comparable to our no. of pages) redlinks there yet to be created (and someone may create them accidentality in belief that they are actually needed, as I have done it myself).

I just want to ask if they are worth creating. If not, we can stop their creation (still being a NEW and small wikiproject).

Please suggest. --SM7 (discuss • contribs) 05:40, 16 June 2021 (UTC)
 * We use them, and intend to continue using them, to group together books on a similar subject. If you only have a few books, you probably don't need them QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 08:54, 16 June 2021 (UTC)

Android 2113853211
Created on 1 Apr 2021, Android 2113853211 mostly edits on simple English Wikipedia. However, Android 2113853211 was globally locked after 42 days and 800 edits. Android 2113853211 was not blocked here until 14 days after being globally locked, despite Android 2113853211 not editing here. 79.67.17.238 (discuss) 15:21, 23 June 2021 (UTC)
 * The blocking is performed to block the underlying IP address which a global lock does not do. The account was blocked here as it was a sockpuppet of another user. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 15:27, 23 June 2021 (UTC)

importer permissions
Hi, I wanted to ask you something. So I realize that as an admin, I can add myself to a few user groups, one of them being importer. I'm being very careful with my administrative responsibilities and always ask first before trying something new. I've used the import tool a number of times (mainly for Wikipedia and StrategyWiki under the Importers guidelines). So basically, seeing as you promoted me to temporary admin, I wanted to ask if I have permission to promote myself to importer, as I can forsee myself using import, even after three months, to transwiki some Wikipedia articles (e.g. Mario_franchise_strategy_guide/Enemies/Bob-omb -- its page history was deleted but provided to me by a Wikipedia admin upon request; more info on the guide's talk page) for the video game strategy guide wikibooks here. At the same time I feel I need to make an effort to try and be more original with my writing on some of the existing wikibook pages. 2005-Fan (discuss • contribs) 16:10, 1 July 2021 (UTC)
 * no you shouldn't give yourself permissions, as that's not what the community approved when giving you temporary admin rights. However, the admin rights includes importing and I think using this right would be acceptable to the community. If you want importer after your temp admin expires, you should request it at RFP. Thanks - QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 13:00, 2 July 2021 (UTC)
 * Makes sense, thank you 2005-Fan (discuss • contribs) 13:32, 3 July 2021 (UTC)

Radiation Oncology
Who are those IPv6 editors there? Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 08:59, 20 July 2021 (UTC)

 * Does https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:AbuseFilter/69 look OK to you? Equivalent to semi-protecting the entire book. Leaderboard (discuss • contribs) 11:34, 20 July 2021 (UTC)
 * Yes, I was just fiddling around trying to do the same thing a different way. But yours looks okay QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 11:36, 20 July 2021 (UTC)

Special:Contributions/WilsonD055
Hello, you might want to globally lock and perform a sleeper check. 𝟙𝟤𝟯𝟺𝐪𝑤𝒆𝓇𝟷𝟮𝟥𝟜𝓺𝔴𝕖𝖗𝟰 (𝗍𝗮𝘭𝙠) 18:09, 27 July 2021 (UTC)
 * The editor was hopping IPs every 2 minutes... no sleepers on any of them but it is hardly definitive as they are clearly able to move around quickly. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 07:52, 28 July 2021 (UTC)
 * Thanks. I am pretty sure that this is not an "editor" in the strict sense by the way, since their userpage had the pattern of the ntsamr spambot. 𝟙𝟤𝟯𝟺𝐪𝑤𝒆𝓇𝟷𝟮𝟥𝟜𝓺𝔴𝕖𝖗𝟰 (𝗍𝗮𝘭𝙠) 08:18, 28 July 2021 (UTC)

en.wiki troll has taken up residence here
(tried to post at Admin Assistance, but that's semi'd. Have to admit, it's hard for a non-autoconfirmed user to know where to ask for help.  Probably true for en.wiki too, of course... Anyway, luckily I recognized your name and you seem active).

Just got notified of this editor leaving me a message: Special:Contributions/TwilightSparkleCuddleBear453. Compare to this en.wiki troll, blocked by me a few days ago (no URL because your edit filter thinks I'm spamming you; this is on en.wiki) User_talk:Twilight_Sparkle_222#I_am_blocked. An en.wiki CU said there is previous abuse on multiple accounts. I can solve my problem by turning off cross-wiki notifications. But just FYI, they're likely going to be a timesink for you folks too, unless you block and maybe CU them. Don't get tricked into thinking they are a new user making newbie mistakes (like, for example, posting to Misza13's talk page). --Floquenbeam (discuss • contribs) 21:58, 3 September 2021 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the warning. There's something odd about the account. Will look more later as I need to put my Steward hat on and delve into the details. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 23:26, 3 September 2021 (UTC)

Thanks
Hi, how are you doing? Just saw your comment on my page. I was a bit confused myself and just chose to ignore the message. The part beneath it This survey is primarily meant to get feedback.... also confused me a bit though i realise that it was originally part of another message.--ЗAНИA talk 09:48, 8 September 2021 (UTC)
 * Yes I'm good, hope you're keeping well. The editor had created a bunch of "rules" he was trying to enforce on the book so I assume it was somehow related to that. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 09:52, 8 September 2021 (UTC)

Thanks!
Thanks! 96.18.219.55 (discuss) 16:38, 28 October 2021 (UTC)

Restoring a deleted page
Dear QuiteUnusual, you have recently deleted a page: https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Anorgaaniline_Keemia/Atmosfääri_osakesed It is not spam. Please help me restore the content and move it to a proper place at Estonian wikibooks. By mistake the author entered "en" instead of "et". Me and my student would be very grateful for your assistance as we are not so proficient with wikibooks.

--Vladislav Ivaništšev 19:43, 3 December 2021 (UTC)

More Bureaucrats
You appear to be the only bureaucrat on the English Wikibooks, so can you promote me and 3 other users to bureaucrats because I am experienced have never breached any Wikibooks policy. Faster than Thunder (discuss • contribs) 01:09, 20 December 2021 (UTC)

No I can't. You need to be elected by the community. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 01:22, 20 December 2021 (UTC)

Misconduct
Thank you for destroying the work of hours within 5 minutes! There is nothing left than to report you. --Platonykiss (discuss • contribs) 15:20, 22 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Actually what would be more helpful is for you to provide a link to the original source, so that you can comply with the site license and not publish a copyright violation. Then the work can be restored. As you are clearly copying someone else's work they probably think yours is the misconduct. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 18:58, 22 December 2021 (UTC)

Please see..........
.....my follow up question at Discussion.--Buddpaul (discuss • contribs) 18:08, 30 December 2021 (UTC)

How we will see unregistered users
Hi!

You get this message because you are an admin on a Wikimedia wiki.

When someone edits a Wikimedia wiki without being logged in today, we show their IP address. As you may already know, we will not be able to do this in the future. This is a decision by the Wikimedia Foundation Legal department, because norms and regulations for privacy online have changed.

Instead of the IP we will show a masked identity. You as an admin will still be able to access the IP. There will also be a new user right for those who need to see the full IPs of unregistered users to fight vandalism, harassment and spam without being admins. Patrollers will also see part of the IP even without this user right. We are also working on better tools to help.

If you have not seen it before, you can read more on Meta. If you want to make sure you don’t miss technical changes on the Wikimedia wikis, you can subscribe to the weekly technical newsletter.

We have two suggested ways this identity could work. We would appreciate your feedback on which way you think would work best for you and your wiki, now and in the future. You can let us know on the talk page. You can write in your language. The suggestions were posted in October and we will decide after 17 January.

Thank you. /Johan (WMF)

18:14, 4 January 2022 (UTC)

Deleted pages
Hi, I recently got into deleted works of fiction. I understand that they are out of scope and don’t request to revive them. However, some of them are interesting and I would like to read them. Could you please email me the content of A Fiction Story About Free Fall: The 22 Million Mile Tower, The Router That Got Away Lyrics, Least Defensive Starter Pokémon, September 2020 masculine names disaster, Backpack Bear Introduces The Computer, and Natural science and technology teacher's guide? Also, while searching in the deletion log I have found strategy guides that were deleted back when they were out of scope that are yet to be revived. Here they are: Loving an unpopular Pokémon vs loving an unpopular name, How to calculate the HP range for a species of Pokémon, Effective stats, and Pokémon Level 30. Sorry for the very long message and thanks in advance, -Gifnk dlm 2020 From Middle English Wikipedia 📜📖💻 (talk) 13:30, 28 January 2022 (UTC)

 * Never mind. I will request in requests for undeletion. -Gifnk dlm 2020 From Middle English Wikipedia 📜📖💻 (talk) 14:23, 29 January 2022 (UTC)

List of Unreviewed pages
Hello, I want to know that these pages (Wikijunior:Life, Countries A-Z/Poland, Portugal) and may be more pages are not reviewed but I can't find these pages in List of Unreviewed pages. Why? Zsohl  (discuss•contribs) 16:00, 3 February 2022 (UTC)
 * The list of unreviewed pages lists pages that have never been reviewed. If they have been reviewed, but have changes that have not been reviewed, they are listed at Special:PendingChanges. MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 16:50, 3 February 2022 (UTC)
 * @MarcGarver: Thanks for reply. But these pages are never been reviewed ( Countries A-Z/Poland, Portugal). What about these? Zsohl   (discuss•contribs) 16:56, 3 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Looks like a bug. If you look at Special:ValidationStatistics you can see 53 are unreviewed, but they don't appear on the list of unreviewed pages. While the unreviewed pages is cached it is updated as of 1 Feb so that can't be the cause. I'll need to raise a bug on Phabricator. MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 10:51, 4 February 2022 (UTC)

Hi ,MarcGarver you had deleted page Documents on the Persian Gulf's name  mentioned (Source texts belong at Wikisource. I would like to translate the book  from its original text  of persian wiki books  not in detail but in  short . specially parts that explain about the the roots of the names of Iran- Oman sea- Indian ocean erythraen sea, Arabian sea and ... would you please advise me about.

--Cultural sec (discuss • contribs) 08:32, 4 May 2022 (UTC)
 * A translation is also a source text. An annotated text is acceptable. In this case you should request an import of the original text. MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 08:52, 4 May 2022 (UTC)

Permission for Saint Michael: Early Anglo-Saxon Tradition
This has been submitted as 2022022210010563. It looks like you don't have access to permissions, so I can move it back to sister-projects if you'd like to take it over. Otherwise we can take a look at it in permissions and get back to you about it. Whichever you'd prefer. VernoWhitney (discuss • contribs) 19:28, 5 May 2022 (UTC)
 * I'm more than happy for you to look at it in permissions. I had a quick look and I don't see clear evidence that the person who sent it is related to the estate, or the copyright holder, but I'm not an expert. Thanks. MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 13:21, 9 May 2022 (UTC)
 * I went through the VRT help pages for additional guidance and am inclined to approve it and have noted my reasoning in the Ticket. Unless you disagree I'll let you tag the book (or whatever you do to notate permission here on wikibooks) and then I'll reply. VernoWhitney (discuss • contribs) 15:27, 9 May 2022 (UTC)
 * Thanks, your reasoning looks sound. I have tagged the page. Appreciate your work on this - regards. MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 08:34, 10 May 2022 (UTC)

Double redirect protected
See User:QU~enwikibooks and talkpage. Please fix to help clear out Special:DoubleRedirects L10nM4st3r / Roar at me 15:06, 1 July 2022 (UTC)
 * Thanks, done. MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 07:59, 5 July 2022 (UTC)

Plasma Fusion Preface
Hi! I wonder what you think of "my" book? I will not do anything more to it, you are free to edit as you like but I am quite satisfied with the book as it is. Knoppson (discuss • contribs) 16:32, 4 July 2022 (UTC)
 * It's a strange name, and it isn't structured like a book - that's the structural "issue". Other than that, I have no comment on the content. MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 07:58, 5 July 2022 (UTC)

Interlingue para principiantes
Hi, I see you left a comment in the book Interlingue para principiantes created by that only books in English are accepted. I think if there’s such a thing as “Interlingue Wikibooks” it should be imported to there. If not, then I would suggest maybe moving it to the user space of the user for the time being however if the policy says to delete it after a certain amount of time (7 days?), then I think it’s fair. - 🇺🇦 Слава🇺🇦Україні 🇺🇦 Героям🇺🇦Слава🇺🇦 (talk)🇺🇦 14:57, 24 July 2022 (UTC)

 * I checked and Interlingue Wikibooks does exist and can be found here. I think the book should be imported. - 🇺🇦 Слава🇺🇦Україні 🇺🇦 Героям🇺🇦Слава🇺🇦 (talk)🇺🇦 15:00, 24 July 2022 (UTC)
 * There's no point importing it because it isn't in English. Unless the editor is going to translate it to English, it'd just be deleted. MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 07:25, 25 July 2022 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the reply. The rule that books should be written in English is valid for English Wikibooks. I assume this book is written in Interlingue therefore I suggest importing it to Interlingue Wikibooks where it will fit in perfectly. - 🇺🇦 Слава🇺🇦Україні 🇺🇦 Героям🇺🇦Слава🇺🇦 (talk)🇺🇦 09:54, 25 July 2022 (UTC)
 * I think he means exporting it from here to Interlingue, not importing.--Xania [[Image:Flag_of_Estonia.svg|15px]] [[Image:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg|15px]] talk 14:08, 25 July 2022 (UTC)
 * It's already there though, at the link above... MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 14:14, 25 July 2022 (UTC)
 * Xania is correct. I meant exporting it from English Wikibooks to Interlingue Wikibooks. I’m not sure what you mean by “it’s already there”. The link above is to the main page of Interlingue Wikibooks. I tried searching “Interlingue para principiantes” and it doesn’t appear they have a book with that title or a similar one. - 🇺🇦 Слава🇺🇦Україні 🇺🇦 Героям🇺🇦Слава🇺🇦 (talk)🇺🇦 18:36, 25 July 2022 (UTC)
 * You don't need admin rights to Export. You may need rights on the ia project to import it - you'll need to ask there. MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 10:27, 26 July 2022 (UTC)
 * Unfortunately there hasn’t been any activity in ia.wikibooks during the last 30 days except for bots leaving messages and new account creations. Also there are no admins except the anti abuse filter and no importers. P.s. is it possible to export it and upload the xml dump to commons.wikimedia? Thanks in advance, - 🇺🇦 Слава🇺🇦Україні 🇺🇦 Героям🇺🇦Слава🇺🇦 (talk)🇺🇦 13:15, 26 July 2022 (UTC)

Admin request
In the middle of an edit, I somehow got logged out. Please can you hide my IP from Guide to the Godot game engine/Debugging. Thanks. L10nM4st3r / Roar at me 11:06, 10 August 2022 (UTC)
 * It's done. MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 12:09, 10 August 2022 (UTC)

User_talk:2603:7080:C43D:1882:A1DD:9973:EBC1:C9C1
This user is requesting to be unblocked. Can you take care of it if you can recall why they were blocked?--Xania   talk 00:51, 16 September 2022 (UTC)

Indefinite IP blocks
Hello. Generally, IPs shouldn't be blocked indefinitely as it will be randomly assigned to different users. Kindly review the blocks you made and adjust accordingly. Thanks. --Minorax «¦talk¦» 11:36, 23 September 2022 (UTC)
 * They all remain appropriate. For those without talk page access, there remains CU evidence of an ongoing risk of harassment or abuse. The others can always request an unblock. MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 12:50, 23 September 2022 (UTC)

Question about redirects
Hi @MarcGarver! I noticed that you deleted the redirect I created for Cookbook:Chili Sauce. I was wondering why, since it didn't match the criteria for speedy deletion. The term "chili sauce" is likely to be searched by users, and inexperienced users may link to Cookbook:Chili Sauce when adding links to ingredient lists, so it seems only appropriate that this redirect exists. Can you clarify your reasoning for the deletion? Thanks!! —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 15:34, 7 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Simple, we don't use "article" style redirects this way at Wikibooks. It's a style thing. MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 08:33, 10 October 2022 (UTC)
 * I see, thanks! Could you point me to the wikibooks style guide or community consensus that says this so that I can reference it for the future? And, should the criteria for speedy deletion be edited to reflect the fact that even terms likely to be searched for should not be made into redirects? Also, can you point me to the better and accepted way to account for the issue of such terms that inexperienced users are likely to search for and link to? In my editing of the cookbook I frequently run across the issue of multiple terms existing for, say, one ingredient, and it actively inhibits cohesion and comprehensibility of the cookbook when there's no way to connect all the different terms people use for the same thing. Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 20:49, 12 November 2022 (UTC)

Revdel
Hello, was this intentional? 𝟙𝟤𝟯𝟺𝐪𝑤𝒆𝓇𝟷𝟮𝟥𝟜𝓺𝔴𝕖𝖗𝟰 (𝗍𝗮𝘭𝙠) 08:03, 21 October 2022 (UTC)
 * I realise now the link is not particularly helpful thanks to how MW displays the action. I'm talking about https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?action=historysubmit&type=logging&revisiondelete=1&ids[5091766]=1&ids[5091765]=1. 𝟙𝟤𝟯𝟺𝐪𝑤𝒆𝓇𝟷𝟮𝟥𝟜𝓺𝔴𝕖𝖗𝟰 (𝗍𝗮𝘭𝙠) 08:06, 21 October 2022 (UTC)
 * I don't understand your question fully, but if you mean did I intend to hide two entries in the deletion log, then yes I did. MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 09:09, 21 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Even if you hid the titles because of the propagandist wording, I don't see why hiding the username was necessary... 𝟙𝟤𝟯𝟺𝐪𝑤𝒆𝓇𝟷𝟮𝟥𝟜𝓺𝔴𝕖𝖗𝟰 (𝗍𝗮𝘭𝙠) 14:06, 12 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Because I judged it so based on CheckUser data. I won't be providing any further information per the WMF policy. MarcGarver (discuss • contribs) 15:16, 14 November 2022 (UTC)

I replied to your deletion request...
Requests for deletion -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 16:55, 21 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Reading room/Assistance -- Vinyasi (discuss • contribs) 13:42, 24 October 2022 (UTC)

"Deletion is not inevitable. I don't see a problem with the book but maybe the person who tagged it for deletion can share their thoughts.--Xania  talk 04:29, 24 October 2022 (UTC)"

title: User talk:MarcGarver/11


text:
User:Evesiesta/sandbox

wikibooks:zh:user:Evesiesta

title: User:Evesiesta/sandbox


text:
Wikijunior:Raspberry Pi/Raspberry Pi Light Sensor Nightlight

Andrew Oakley Public Domain 15 Sept 2018 www.cotswoldjam.org

Light-emitting diode (LED)
The light-emitting diode (LED) has a short leg and a long leg. If you feel around the rim, you'll also find a flat edge. The short leg and flat edge always connect to the negative (ground).

Resistor
The resistor can be connected any way around. Lower-value (lower ohm) resistors will allow more current through and will make the LED brighter; higher values will let less current through and make it dimmer. We're using a 220 Ohm resistor but anything between 220–470 Ohms will work fine.

Light-dependent resistor (LDR)
The light-dependent resistor (LDR), also known as a photocell or a photoresistor, can be connected any way around. They let through more current when there is more light. We're using one which is rated between 2 and 20,000 Ohms but most photocells you find in hobby kits will work fine.

Capacitor
The capacitor has a short leg, a long leg and a stripe on one side. Like LEDs, they must be connected with the short leg and stripe to negative (ground). We're using a 1 microfarad capacitor and you should too. A capacitor stores a small amount of charge and then when it is full it lets all the charge go. If you connect it to a stronger charge, it lets the charge go faster. If you connect it to a weak charge, it takes longer to let the charge go.

Breadboard
This micro breadboard has 25 connection points. The columns are numbered from 0 to 4 (some have the middle columns 1, 2 and 3 marked). All points on a column are connected together, but the different columns are not connected. You can use a larger breadboard if you wish.

Jumper wires
Jumper wires (also called DuPont wires) connect electronic components to the GPIO pins. You should also have two short and one long jumper wire (all "female to female" – holes at both ends).

Wiring up the light sensor to the breadboard

The capacitor has a short leg and a long leg. The side with the short leg also has a stripe. This is the negative (ground) side.

Place the capacitor so the negative is on column 1 and the other leg is on column 2.

The light-dependent resistor (LDR) needs to be connected to columns 2 and 3. It doesn't matter which way round.

Use the 20 cm (8 inches) male-to-female jumpers to connect:
 * Column 1 to a ground pin such as pin 14 (GND)
 * Column 2 to pin 12 (GPIO 18)
 * Column 3 to pin 1 (3.3V)

Wiring up the LED
Connect the resistor between the two 10cm female-to-female jumper wires, and attach these to the long leg (positive) of the LED. Connect this to pin 22 (GPIO 25).

Connect the 20cm female-to-female jumper wire to the short leg (negative) of the LED, then connect the other end of this wire to the ground, pin 20 (GND).

A program for the light sensor
From the Raspberry menu, select Programming, Python 3 (IDLE).

From the IDLE menu, select File, Open. Find the python folder and double-click it to open it. Find the lightsensor folder and double-click it to open it. Select the  program and click Open. You should see:

Run this program using Run menu, Run Module. It will take a moment to start, then it should print out some numbers.

Cover the light sensor with your finger. The numbers will get lower. Enclose the breadboard in your hand so that no light gets to it at all – the numbers should go to zero.

Stop the program by holding down the CTRL key and pressing C. You can close the shell window with the X button at the top-right of the window.

The nightlight – turn the light on when it gets dark
From the IDLE menu, load the  program:

Run this program using the Run menu, Run Module. It will take a moment to start, then it should print out some numbers, and when the numbers fall below 0.1 (dark), the LED will switch on.

Stop the program and try changing the sensor threshold to, for example, 0.2 or 0.4 or even 0.6. See how you can set the nightlight to turn on at different levels of darkness.

What are these programs doing?
The light-dependent resistor (LDR) is an analogue sensor – it doesn't actually produce numbers, it simply lets more current through when it is light, and less when it is dark.

The Raspberry Pi cannot read analogue sensors. The Raspberry Pi's GPIO pins are digital and binary – they can only detect high (1) or low (0) voltage.

What these programs are doing is timing how long it takes for the electrical charge to fill up the capacitor. The capacitor is like a tiny rechargeable battery.

If there is a lot of light, the LDR lets a lot of current through, and the capacitor fills up quickly. If there is not very much light, the LDR lets only a small amount of current through, and the capacitor fills up slowly.

When the capacitor is full, it releases all of its charge suddenly. The Raspberry Pi can detect this as high (1) and it stops the timer.

The  object then reverses this time measurement to express a "brightness value".

value = 1 – (time taken to fill the capacitor)

The capacitor is very sensitive, so the time taken will only be a tiny fraction of a second!

Advanced topics
Have a look at the  program. In this program, we are testing for three light levels – dark, medium and light – and using the  object to set the brightness of the LED, rather than simply turning it on or off.

Finally, there is the  program. This uses a less advanced way to measure the light – instead of using the  object, it actually times how long the capacitor takes to fill up, in milliseconds and displays this time.

Preparation
If your tutor has not prepared your Raspberry Pi and equipment, or if you don't have a tutor, you can set things up by following these instructions before you start.

Equipment
eBay is a good place to buy electronic components. You will need:
 * A Raspberry Pi running the Raspbian operating system. This tutorial suits all models to date, which includes the A, A+, B, B+ and 2B.
 * A solderless breadboard – we’re using a tiny 25-point one, but any solderless breadboard will do.
 * An LED. We're using a 5-millimetre (mm) yellow one. It needs to be bright enough to trigger the photocell, so yellow, green or white will usually work better than red or blue.
 * A light-dependent resistor (LDR), also known as a photocell or a photoresistor. We're using a 4-millimetre (mm) 2–20k Ohm one.
 * A resistor. We used a 220 Ohm one, but anything from 220 Ohm to 470 Ohm is fine.
 * Three 20-centimetre (cm) male-to-female jumper wires
 * Two 10-centimetre (cm) female-to-female jumper wires
 * One 20-centimetre (cm) female-to-female jumper wire

Update your Raspberry Pi
Please use an up-to-date installation of Raspbian Jessie. This should have GPIOZero already installed.

You can create the folder structure and download the files by going to the terminal (Menu - Accessories - Terminal) and typing:

…where  is a minus sign followed by a capital letter O (not the numeral zero).

Files
The original PDF for this tutorial is on Wikimedia Commons:


text:
Mirad Grammar/Greetings and Euphemisms

Exclamations Using the H-words

 * Many common exclamatory expressions in Mirad use words that begin with the letter h:
 * {| class="wikitable" style="background:lightyellow; font-size:smaller;"

! MIRAD !! ENGLISH !! EMOJI
 * + Common Exclamatories
 * Hay! || Hello!|| 🙋
 * Hey! || Hey!, Oh...!, Yahoo!||
 * Hoy! || Bye!|| 🙋
 * Hiy... || Here is / Here comes... / Voici||
 * Huy... || There's... / There goes... / Voilà||
 * Hway!* || Great! / Good for you! / Congratulations!, wow! / hurray!||
 * Hwey! || Oh my! / Goodness gracious! / Well! ||
 * Hwoy! || Too bad! / What a shame! / Sorry!/ oy!||
 * Hyay! || Thanks!|| 🙏
 * Hyey! || Your're welcome! / That's ok. ||
 * Hyoy! || Sorry! || 😢
 * Hihi! || Ha ha! / That's funny! ||
 * Huhu! || Boo hoo! ||
 * }
 * * Pronounced like English why.
 * The above h-exclamations can be made into verbs by suffixing forms of -der....to utter, eg.:
 * hyay....thanks ⇒ hyayder....to thank
 * At fu hyayder et av hos et xa.....I'd like to thank you for what you did.
 * hihi....ha ha ⇒ hihider....to laugh  ⇒ hihiduer....to make laugh
 * Et hihidua.....You made me laugh.
 * Hyoy! || Sorry! || 😢
 * Hihi! || Ha ha! / That's funny! ||
 * Huhu! || Boo hoo! ||
 * }
 * * Pronounced like English why.
 * The above h-exclamations can be made into verbs by suffixing forms of -der....to utter, eg.:
 * hyay....thanks ⇒ hyayder....to thank
 * At fu hyayder et av hos et xa.....I'd like to thank you for what you did.
 * hihi....ha ha ⇒ hihider....to laugh  ⇒ hihiduer....to make laugh
 * Et hihidua.....You made me laugh.
 * At fu hyayder et av hos et xa.....I'd like to thank you for what you did.
 * hihi....ha ha ⇒ hihider....to laugh  ⇒ hihiduer....to make laugh
 * Et hihidua.....You made me laugh.

Offering Suggestions

 * If I were you,.......Ven at su et,...
 * In my opinion,.......Be ata texyen,...
 * Speaking personally,.......Dalea av aut,...
 * If I might suggest,.......Ven at duyafu,...
 * I would suggest that.......At duu van...
 * You would be well-advised to X.......Et su fiduwa Xer...
 * Have you thought of Xing...?....Duven et vyetexaye Xen...?
 * Why not X...?....Duhosav voy Xer...?

Asking for Suggestions

 * What would you do if...?....Duhos et xu ven...?
 * I'd like your opinion on.......At fu eta texyen vyel...
 * Please advise me on.......Diwe fyidu at vyel...

Dispensing Advice

 * I think you should X....,At texe van et yefu Xer
 * If I were you,.......,Ven at su et,...
 * You would be wrong to X.....Et su vyoa Xer.
 * It would be good if.......Et su fia ven...
 * I warn you that.......At jwatue et van...

Requests

 * Would you mind Xing...?....Duven oboxu et Xer...?
 * May I X...?....Duven at yafu Xer...?
 * I'd like to X.......At fu Xer...
 * Could you possibly X.......Duven et yafu hyeyen Xer...
 * I would be much obliged if you were to X.......At su gla yefxwa ven et Xu...
 * Please do me the favor of Xing.......Diwe xu at ha avun bi Xer...
 * Could I ask you to X?....Duven at yafu dier et Xer?

Asking for Opinions

 * I'd like to know you opinion on.......At fu ter eta texyen vyel...
 * Tell me what you think about.......Du at hos et texe vyel...

Offering Opinions

 * It seems to me that.......Tease at van...
 * I believe that.......At vatexe van...
 * I don't think that.......At votexe van...
 * We don't feel that.......Wat voy tose van...
 * I must say.......At dyefe...
 * As far as I'm concerned.......Auta texyen se van...
 * Personally, .......Aotay, ...
 * I am convinced that.......At se vatexuwa van...

Expressing Preferences

 * Which do you prefer, X or Y?....Duhaas et gaife, X ey Y?
 * Would you like to X...?....Duven et fu Xer...
 * I would prefer to X... ....At gaifu Xer...
 * It doesn't matter to me whether.......Av at, getese ven...
 * I don't mind if.......Av at glotese ven...

Expressing Intentions

 * Do you intend to X?....Duven et ojtexe Xer?
 * What are you going to do?....Duhos et xo?
 * He is determined to X.......It vafe Xer...
 * I would like to X.....At fu Xer.
 * We would like you to X.....Wat fu van et Xu.

Permission and Prohibition

 * May I come in?....Duven at afe yeper?
 * Is that permitted?....Duven hus afwe?
 * Parking is prohibited.....Purkoxwen ofwe.
 * Do not walk on the grass.....Von tyope ab ha vab.
 * You are authorized to X.....Et se afdwa Xer.
 * No entry.....Von yepu. ~ Yepen ofwe.
 * You must not cry.....Et yofe huhuder.
 * Permit me to say.......Afxu at der...

Obligation and Necessity

 * You must pay attention.....Et yefe tepzexer.
 * You should leave.....At yefu ~ yeyfu iper.
 * I have to go.....At yefe per.
 * You are obliged to X.....Yet yefxwe Xer.
 * We need your help.....Yat efe yeta yux.
 * It is urgent that you respond.....Igefwe van et dudu.
 * I am asking you to X.....At dieye et Xer.
 * He demands that you X.....Wit dire van et Xu.
 * It is required that you stay longer.....Dirwe van et besu gaj.

Agreement

 * Yes, I agree with you.....Va, at yantexe et.
 * He disagreed with me.....It yontexa at.
 * My opinion differs from yours.....At texyen ogelse etas.
 * This book will concur with me.....Hia dyes geltexo at.
 * I don't accept your view.....At voy vabie eta texgun.
 * I reject the concept that.......At vobie ha tyun van...
 * What you said is entirely true.....Hos et da se aynay vyaa.
 * What a great idea!....Huu agala teyen!
 * Your application has been approved.....Eta didras fivadawe.
 * Blessed be this food.....Van hia tel fyadwu.
 * We are glad that you came.....Yat se iva van et upa.

Disagreement

 * No, that's wrong.....Vo, hus se vyoa.
 * You are lying.....Et vyodeye.
 * I disagree with your opinion.....At yontexe eta texyen.
 * We don't approve of you actions.....Yat voy fivade eta axleni.
 * I cannot accept the fact that.......At vabiyofe van...
 * Do you refuse to answer?....Duven et vobie duder?
 * That's out of the question.....Hus se vabiyofwa.
 * I must decline that suggestion.....At yefe voder hua dul.
 * We condemn your views.....Yat fuvade eta texguni.
 * I must disapprove of your actions.....At fuvadyefe eta axleni.
 * Your statement be damned!....Eta del fyodwu!
 * It's a pity (~ shame) that you don't understand.....Se yov van et voy teste.
 * I hate the fact that.......At ufe van...
 * It is sad that you have to leave now.....Se uva van et yefe pier hij.

Affirmation, Quibbling, Negation

 * Yes.....Va.
 * Yes, indeed.....Va, vay.
 * Certainly ~ Of course....Vla(y).
 * True.....Vya.
 * Truly.....Vyay.
 * Maybe.....Ve.
 * Maybe so.....Vey va.
 * Maybe not.....Vey vo.
 * Possibly.....Vey.
 * Probably.....Vle(y)
 * Hardly.....Yikay.
 * Almost.....Yubge.
 * Barely.....Haway gwe.
 * Exactly.....Gwe.
 * No.....Vo.
 * Most certainly not.....Vlo.
 * Perhaps no.....Vey vo.
 * Yes and no.....Vao.
 * False.....Vyo.
 * Absolutely not.....Abray voy.
 * In no way.....Hoyen.
 * In no way whatever.....Hyoyen.

Certainty, Probability, Possibility, and Capability

 * I'm sure she'll come.....At se vlata van iyt upo.
 * It is not certain that.......Voy se vlatwa van...
 * It is probable that.......Se vlea van...
 * You'll probably change your mind.....Et vley kyaxer eta texyen.
 * In all likelihood,.......Gwa vley,...
 * It might rain.....Vey mamilo.
 * It will definitely rain.....Vlay mamilo.
 * What is the probability that it will rain?....Duhos se ha vlean van mamilo?
 * It is conceivable that she will win.....Texiyafwe van iyt ako.
 * It would be inconceivable.....Texiyofwu.
 * I am persuaded that nothing will happen.....At se vatexuwa van hos xwo.
 * It could be true.....Has yafwu ser vyaa. ~ Has syafwu vyaa.
 * Those results are impossible.....Hua ixuni se yofwa.
 * The odds of that happening.......Ha vlean van hus xwo...
 * I can't understand you.....At yofe tester et. ~ At voy yafe tester et.
 * Could you speak a little louder?....Duven et yafu daler ga az?
 * It is not impossible that.......Voy se yofwa van...
 * I would not be surprised if.......At voy yoku ven...
 * Am I expected to be early?....Duven at yakwe ser jwaa?
 * I doubt they will survive.....At vlotexe van yit yiztejo.
 * She suspected that I'd be late.....Iyt vetexa van at so jwo.
 * She assumed that I would be.......Iyt vletexa van at so...
 * I bet you know.....At vlede van et te.
 * You can't know for sure.....Et yofe ter vlay.
 * That's impossible to predict.....Hus jadyofwa. ~ Hus se yofwa jader.
 * I will be unable to X.....At yofo Xer.

Apologies

 * I'm sorry but.......At se tipuva oy...
 * Excuse me but.......Yovobu at oy...
 * Please forgive me.....Diwe yovobu at.
 * It pains me to say.......Byokxe at der...
 * It is sad to say.......Se uva der...
 * It is regrettable that.......Se uvtexyafwa van...
 * They expressed their regrets.....Yit uvtaxde.
 * I regret my crimes.....At zoyuvtose ata doyovi.
 * I regret to inform you that.......At uvtose tuer et van...

Thanks

 * Thank-you for your kind words.....Hyay av eta tipifa duni.
 * I shall be forever grateful......At so byu hyaj ivtaxika.
 * I am much obliged for your gift.....At se gla yefxwa av eta fibun.
 * Thank-you very much!....Hyay hyay! ~ Ivtaxwo! ~ Gla yefxwa! ~ Gla naxtwe.
 * I appreciate your help.....At nazte eta yux.
 * Your words are much appreciated.....Eta duni gla naztwe.

Best Wishes

 * Congratulations!....Hyay! ~ Yanfyaztos!
 * I congratulate you!....At hyayde et! ~ At yanfyaztosde et!
 * Best wishes to you!....Fia ojfoni av et!
 * Happy birthday!....Iva tajjub!
 * May your day be blessed!....Van eta jub fyadwu! ~ Fyadwu eta jub!
 * I wish you a good trip!....At ojfe et fia pop!
 * Bon voyage!....Fia pop!
 * Season's greetings!....Iva jeb!
 * Merry Christmas!....Iva Kristtaj!
 * Happy New Year! ~ Nowruz!....Iva Ejna Jab!
 * Happy Anniversary!....Iva jabzyus!
 * Happy Hannukka!....Iva Hanuka!
 * Get well soon!....Fibaksu ig!
 * Good luck on your exams!....Fikyen be eta vyaoyeki!
 * I wish you every success!....At ojfe et hya akuj!
 * Good luck! (~ Mazel Tov!)....Fikyen!
 * Be well!....Baksu!
 * Long live the king!....Van ha edeb yagteju! ~ Yagteju ha edeb!
 * Vive la France!....Hyay Ferom!
 * Bravo! ~ Well done! ~ Congratulations!....Hyay!
 * Get better soon! ~ Speedy Recovery!....Baksu ig! ~ Byekwu ig!

Common Greetings

 * Hello!....Hay!
 * Hey!....Hey!
 * Goodbye!....Hoy!
 * Good day!....Fijub!
 * Good morning!....Fimaj!
 * Good afternoon!....Fijwomaj!
 * Good evening!....Fijwamoj!
 * Goodnight!....Fimoj!
 * How are you?....Duhoyen et se?
 * How are you doing?....Duhoyen et xeye?
 * I'm doing fine.....At xeye fi.
 * What's new?....Duhos se ejna?
 * See you later! ~ Au revoir!....Ju ha gawteat!
 * Be well!....Su baka!
 * Sleep well!....Tuju fi!
 * What's happening?....Duhos kyeseye?
 * Until then!....Ju huj!
 * Take care!....Bikiu!

Announcements

 * We are pleased to announce the birth of.......Yat ifie dotuer ha taj bi...
 * I am happy to say that.......At se iva der van...
 * I am sorry to report that.......At se uva dotuer van...
 * It is with deep sorrow that we announce the death of.......Bay gla uvan, yat dotue ha toj bi...
 * Ladies and Gentlemen, please be seated.....Duyti ay Dwuti, diwe simbiu.
 * Welcome to the stage: X!....Fiupdiu bu ha dezyem: X!
 * I would like to introduce you to our speaker, X.....At fu tyuer yet yata dalut: X.
 * Attention! ~ Hear ye, hear ye!....Tepzexu!

Regrets and Condolences

 * I'm very sorry for your loss.....At uvtose eta ok.
 * My condolences on the death of.......Ibu ata yanuvtosi av ha toj bi...
 * I am so sorry.....At se huugla uvtosika.
 * Alas!....Hyoy!
 * I share your grief.....At yantipuvie et.
 * I regret having done that.....At ajuvtose xaer hus.
 * I apologize for my actions.....At ajuvtosde (~ hyoyde) ata axleni.
 * We were terribly upset to hear the news that.......Yat gla yobaxwa teeter ha tuun van...

Invitations and Responses

 * You are hereby invited to join us.......Yet hiyen updiwe yanser yat...
 * Welcome to our home.....Fiupu yata toom.
 * Would you like to dine with us?....Duven yet fu tyaler bay yat?
 * Be my guest!....Updiwe!
 * I would be happy to come.....At su iva uper.
 * Sorry, but I am otherwise engaged then.....Hyoy, at se hyuyen yuvlaxwa huj.
 * Unfortunately, I must decline.....Fukyenay, at yefe vobier.

Establishing Parallels

 * On the one hand...,on the other.......Ayen...,hyuyen ....
 * Just as...so, too.......Gwe gel van...gey gel van...
 * What is more,.......Gayen,...
 * Furthermore,.......Gayen,...
 * Added to this,.......Gabwa bu his,...
 * By the same token,.......Geyen,...
 * As far as...is concerned,.......Vyelea...
 * As for.......Ayv...

Enumerating

 * or...or even.......ey...ey gey...ey ujay
 * but finally.......oy ujay...
 * First of all.......Ujnay...
 * Next, but not least.......Zanapay, oy voy gwo...

Favorable Comparisons

 * far superior to....gla fia vyel
 * We can't compete with....Yat yofe yanyeker bay
 * has the edge over....se gyoay fia vyel

Unfavorable Comparisons

 * was nowhere near as good as.......sa yib bi ser ge fia vyel'
 * is no match for....yofe yanyeker bay
 * is far inferior to....se gla oba vyel
 * does not measure up to....voy se be neg bi
 * bears no comparison with....voy se vyegexyafwa bay

Similar Comparison

 * is equivalent to....genaze
 * on a par with....gekyinse
 * corresponds to....vyegexe
 * can be likened to....se vyegexyafwa bu

Asking an Opinion

 * What do you thing of X?....Duhos et texe ayv X?
 * What is your opinion on X?....Duhos se eta texyen vyel X?
 * What is your attitude to X?....Duhos se eta tepkin ub X?
 * How do you see...Xing?....Be eta texyen, duhoyen...Xo?

Expressing an Opinion

 * In my opinion,....be ata texyen,
 * As I see it,....Be ata duni,
 * Personally, I believe that.......Aotay, at vatexe van...
 * It seems to me that.......Tease at van...
 * I dare say (that).......At dyife van...
 * As far as I'm concerned,....Ven et didu at,
 * It is our belief that....Se yata vatex van
 * I'm convinced that.......At se vetexuwa van...

Saying What You Like

 * I would like to X.......At fu Xer...
 * I would prefer to X.......At gaifu Xer...
 * I very much enjoy Xing.....At gla ifie Xen.
 * I have a weakness for X.....At ayse ozan av X.
 * I love chocolate.....At ifle dyofyel.
 * I adore ballet.....At ifre dyaz.
 * Do you like dogs?....Duven et iyfe yepeti?
 * I am very pleased to meet you.....At se gla ifxwa trier et.

Saying What You Don't Like

 * I am not keen on seafood.....At voy iyfe piit.
 * Do you dislike X?....Duven et uyfe X?
 * I hate X.....At ufe X.
 * I can't stand (~bear) the thought of Xing.....At yofe xorer ha tex bi Xen.
 * That is disgusting.....Hus se ufxea.
 * I despise rude people.....At ufre fubyenati.

Expressing Indifference

 * I don't care about X.....At voy bikse vyel X.
 * It doesn't matter to me.....Voy bikxe at (or: Getese bu at.)
 * That doesn't matter.....Hus voy glatese.
 * I couldn't care less about X.....X trefxe at hyohen.

Giving Reasons

 * Why did you do that?....Duhosav et xa hus?
 * I came because.......At upa hosav van...
 * Because of X...?....Be ux bi X...?
 * As a result of X...?....Gel ix bi X...?
 * In order to X.......Av Xer...
 * So that we would understand.......Av van yat testu...
 * Therefore,.......Av hus,...
 * As a result,.......Gel ix,...
 * As a consequence,.......Gel jos,...
 * As a result of X....Gel ix bi X
 * As a consequence of X....Gel jos bi X
 * I don't understand why.......At voy teste hosav van...
 * This is due to the fact that.......His se ux bi van...
 * Given that.......Twa van...
 * The child died for lack of X.....Ha tud toja bi oys bi X.
 * This happened by illegal means.....His kyesa bey odovyaba zeyeni.
 * Tell me why you did it.....Duhosav et xa has.
 * So, leave!....Av hus, ipu!
 * I think, therefore I am.....At texe, av hus, at ese.

Correspondence Greetings

 * Dear Sir....Hey Dwut
 * Dear Madam....Hey Duyt
 * Dear beloved.......Hey ifwa...
 * To Whom it May Concern:....Hey Hyet:
 * Yours truly, X....Hoy, X...

= Euphemisms =
 * Mirad sometimes offers polite ways to express certain things that might sound too direct or rude in normal conversation. Here are some examples:
 * {| class="wikitable" style="background:lightyellow; font-size:smaller;"

!POLITE !DIRECT
 * +Euphemisms
 * ujpon....final rest
 * toj ....death
 * ujponxelam....final rest ceremony house
 * tojxelam....mortuary
 * ujpondin....final rest story
 * tojdin....obituary, death notice
 * eftim....necessity room
 * fyusulsom....toilet (waste appliance)
 * pontim....rest room
 * fyusulsom....toilet
 * twoobgon....male part
 * tiyub....penis
 * ogoblawa....uncut, uncircumcized
 * otiyugoblawa....un-penis-cut
 * xer sag a....to do a number one
 * tiyabiler....to pee (lit: bladder-fluid-do)
 * xer sag e....to do a number two
 * tikyeler....to defecate, sh-t (lit: anus-fluid-do)
 * milxer....to urinate, to pee, lit. to make water
 * tiyabiler....to urinate (lit: bladder-fluid-do)
 * }
 * xer sag a....to do a number one
 * tiyabiler....to pee (lit: bladder-fluid-do)
 * xer sag e....to do a number two
 * tikyeler....to defecate, sh-t (lit: anus-fluid-do)
 * milxer....to urinate, to pee, lit. to make water
 * tiyabiler....to urinate (lit: bladder-fluid-do)
 * }
 * milxer....to urinate, to pee, lit. to make water
 * tiyabiler....to urinate (lit: bladder-fluid-do)
 * }

title: Mirad Grammar/Greetings and Euphemisms


text:
AppleScript Programming/Introduction

AppleScript is an object-oriented scripting language, spesifically designed to work with inter-application communication facilitating Apple Events. An object is an instance of a predefined class with shared characteristics.

The objects one may work with using the AppleScript language may be defined within three different sources: Within the AppleScript Language itself, within macOS scriptable applications, or within third party applications. All classes and commands from these sources should be documented in the Scripting dictionaries available from the menu of the Script Editor application.

Commands
Working with AppleScript one might come across AppleScript commands, scripting addition commands, user-defined commands and application commands.

The standard additions to AppleScript contains a range of commands available to all scripts. The commands are:

Comments
To document comments a programmer usually writes some comments along the way. Single line comments are written after  or. Multi line comments are wrapped in.

title: AppleScript Programming/Introduction


text:
User talk:122.150.79.76

You cannot edit for 1 week due to disruptive editing. You are welcome to contribute constructively when editing privileges are restored. You may appeal this action with a reasonable argument by adding the text below.

--Xania   talk 01:43, 15 November 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:122.150.79.76


text:
User talk:197.46.122.53

Alyx star has been deleted. Encyclopædic articles belong on Wikipedia, not Wikibooks, Please read Using Wikibooks for more information about this project.--Xania   talk 05:20, 15 November 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:197.46.122.53