text:
Transportation Planning Casebook/Westconnex - What Went Wrong

Summary
WestConnex is a significant road infrastructure project in Australia and is considered a crucial part of a larger effort to improve the transportation system in Sydney and Australia. This project spans about 33 km and has built approximately 26 km of tunnels between Homebush and Kingsgrove, running beneath Inner West communities such as Haberfield and St Peters. Along with the NSW Government's unprecedented investment in public transportation infrastructure, WestConnex aims to reduce traffic congestion, create many job opportunities, and connect communities.

The origins of the WestConnex project can be traced back to early planning initiatives such as the Cumberland County Plan of 1948. This plan aimed to establish a network of radial motorways that would revolve around the Central Business District (CBD) of Sydney. However, it faced opposition from the community and the government and lost its significance over time. The subsequent plans, such as the "Roads 2000" in the 1970s and the motorway projects proposed under the Labor government in the 2000s, laid the initial groundwork for the WestConnex project.

The "First Things First" strategy of 2012 was an important turning point for the Sydney motorways, where Infrastructure NSW identified the WestConnex motorway as the most significant road priority in New South Wales. The initial proposal included expanding existing motorways, constructing new tunnels, and repairing surface roads. However, the proposal lacked a direct link to the CBD. Despite some concerns and criticism, construction began in 2015, marking the beginning of several stages aimed at improving traffic flow, connectivity, and travel times.

Over the years, with modifications to the initial proposals, major portions of the project, including the M4 Tunnels and WestConnex M8, was completed, allowing drivers to save significant time. However, the project faced several challenges, such as criticism for its high cost, environmental impacts, and community health concerns. The completion of the Rozelle Interchange, which is a crucial milestone especially for future projects such as the Western Harbor Tunnel and Sydney Gateway, also resulted in traffic congestion, causing inconvenience to the commuters. Additionally, the tolling system raised concerns regarding affordability and fairness, with commuters potentially having to pay high tolls.

Overall, the WestConnex project is a significant development in Sydney's infrastructure that is expected to transform the city's transportation system. The project has implemented various proactive solutions, including design alterations, emergency works, and improved transparency. Moving forward, the project will continue to progress with proposals for the Western Harbor Tunnel, Sydney Gateway, and the M6 Stage 1 and Stage 2 Motorways, with the aim of enhancing Sydney's transportation network and reducing congestion. As Sydney grows and evolves, WestConnex will remain an essential component of the city's infrastructure plan, shaping the future mobility and connectivity of New South Wales.

Public / Private Funding
The WestConnex project was initially funded through a hybrid model of financing which included an initial contribution from the NSW and Australian Government, alongside private sector debt and tolling revenue. A new Government owned corporation, the Sydney Motorway Corporation was set up in 2014 in order to finance and deliver WestConnex.

Initial investment into the government owned corporation included :

 * $1.8 billion from the NSW Government

 * $1.5 billion grant from the Australian Government

 * $2 billion concessional loan from the Australian Government

 * $3.2 billion in private sector financing

After the delivery of the initial stages of WestConnex, the New South Wales government in 2018 sold a 51% stake in the Sydney Motorway Corporation for $9.26 billion, raising money from project equity which could be invested into the later stages of the project. In September 2021 the remaining 49% of the Sydney Motorway Corporation was sold to the Sydney Transport Partners consortium for an additional $11.11 billion.

Tolling Strategy
By purchasing the Sydney Motorway Corporation, the Sydney Transport Partners gained access to guaranteed tolling concessions. These concessions provide guarantees around the ability to raise tolls on the WestConnex motorway through to the end of 2060.

NSW Government Strategic Objectives
When recommending the delivery of the WestConnex project in 2012, Infrastructure NSW proposed the following objectives :

 * Improved access and connections to Western Sydney and key employment hubs across the city.
 * Relieve road congestion to improve the reliability and safety of travel in the M4 and M5 corridors).
 * Create opportunities for urban renewal, improved livability and public and active transport improvements along and around Parramatta Road.
 * Shifting through traffic and heavy vehicles to underground motorways and returning local streets to local communities.
 * Enhanced productivity for commercial and freight-generating land uses located along the WestConnex corridors.
 * Optimize user-pays contributions in a way that is affordable, equitable and fair.

Cumberland County Plan
The Cumberland County Plan, which led to the development of WestConnex, was the first comprehensive plan for the Sydney motorways. The plan was proposed by the Cumberland County Council in 1948 and adopted by the New South Wales government in 1951. Its objective was to establish a radial motorway network centered around the Central Business District (CBD) of Sydney which advocated for decentralization, zoning, green belts, open spaces, and improved road and rail systems. However, this vision was not fully realized.

While Sydney had a comprehensive plan for the railway system and several planned areas, including the city core, the city's expansion was primarily organic and followed a "starfish" structure in the early twentieth century. This structure closely followed the railway and tramway lines that extended from the city center. To address the postwar metropolitan growth, the McKell Labor government passed legislation in 1944 that established a unified planning authority for Sydney. As a result, the Cumberland County Council was founded in July 1945 to serve as the sole planning body of Sydney.

The plan faced opposition from NSW Government agencies, landowners, and local citizens and lost its patron when the county council was abolished in 1963. In 1976, with the election of the Australian Labor Party under Premier Neville Wran, the plan lost its relevance which resulted in halting of work on inner-city projects, reducing the under-construction Eastern Suburbs railway line, and eliminating many of Cumberland Plan's inner-city road reservations. Though Wran's choice to sell up the M4 East corridor was later questioned, the Cumberland Plan's radial design was already beginning to lose relevance.

Roads 2000
In 1975, the Commonwealth Bureau of Roads proposed a significant investment in the construction of urban arterial roads to address the urban requirements. However, due to economic constraints in the late 1970s and early 1980s, this proposal was not supported by the state or federal governments. Consequently, the existing urban road difficulties threatened to halt the smooth functioning of Sydney by 1987. To address this issue, the Department of Main Roads proposed to revive the motorway plans. .

The resulting state-wide planning program, "Roads 2000," aimed to re-sheet highways, replace bridges in rural regions, and implement new traffic controls. Its most ambitious project, the orbital, was a new freeway/motorway route around Sydney that would connect all of the radial and intercity highways while bypassing the congested urban areas. The Western Motorway (M4), from Lapstone to Concord, was completed in 1992, and the South-Western Motorway (M5), from Prestons to Beverly Hills, was completed in 1995. However, the M5 East segment of the orbital, which connects Beverly Hills and the airport, remained debated. Though a surface corridor had been reserved for much of the route, the Labor government was concerned about minimizing surface damage. Following last-minute design changes, the resulting roadway that opened in 2001 still was too steep for heavy trucks returning from Port Botany, which led to an increase in vehicle emissions and overloaded ventilation systems.

Labor Proposals from the 2000s
The Labor government proposed several Sydney motorways during the 2000s.

"First Things First" Strategy of 2012
The "First Things First" strategy of 2012 was a turning point in Sydney's transport planning. The Coalition government of Premier Barry O'Farrell, which was elected in 2011 with the intention of overhauling the city's transportation system, commissioned Infrastructure NSW (iNSW), led by former Premier Nick Greiner, to review projects and identify priorities. The following year, iNSW's strategy nominated the construction of a 33 km freeway, known as the "WestConnex," as the state's top road priority.

Initially, the WestConnex plan proposed :

 * Widening the existing M4 between Parramatta and Homebush.
 * Extending the M4 to Camperdown.
 * Building a tunnel (later known as the "M4 South" or "M4-M5 Link") from Camperdown to St Peters for access to Port Botany and Sydney Airport.
 * Widening the existing M5 East.
 * Improving surface roads around the port and airport.

Despite its emphasis on travel to and from Botany Bay's international ports, the proposal lacked a direct link to the CBD, limiting the federal investments.

Further Improvements and Alterations
In 2013, the WestConnex project was separated into three sections: M4 Widening, M4 East, and M5 East Airport Link, with additional stages planned to complete the inner-city bypass. The initial concept was further modified in late 2014, particularly for the M4-M5 Link, which included realignments to enable a future second harbor road tunnel as well as improvements such as the Rozelle Interchange and a tunnel beneath Rozelle to bypass Victoria Road congestion.

Time to Start Property Acquisition and Construction
Property acquisition and construction work for the WestConnex project began in 2015. Specifically, construction of the M4 widening began in March 2015, marking the start of actual construction on the project. This phase of work includes widening the old M4 Western Motorway from Parramatta to Homebush Bay to four lanes from its original two or three lanes, and a new three-lane tunnel from Homebush to Haberfield.

Public and Political Reaction
The WestConnex project has been met with widespread public and political reaction, including questions about the project's cost, expected traffic mitigation effects and concerns about environmental and community health impacts. Specifically, criticisms regarding health impacts have focused on the underestimation of health impacts during the planning process, with impact assessments on air quality and noise in particular being seen as inadequate.

In addition, the City of Sydney City Council clearly opposes the WestConnex project, believing that this project fails to solve Sydney's transportation connectivity problems and may lead to increased air pollution and traffic congestion. The city government also pointed out that the total cost of the project may be as high as A$45 billion and will have a minimal impact on most people's commuting time savings, while also increasing the financial burden on citizens due to high tolls.

Trade-offs and Design Changes during the Construction Phase
In 2016, Transport for New South Wales revised the conceptual design of the M4-M5 Link Road and Rozelle Interchange to better integrate existing roads and communities. These modifications are designed to reduce the impact on surrounding communities while optimizing traffic flow and reducing congestion on major roads, without increasing the overall cost of the project.

These design changes include realigning the route to reduce disruption to residential areas and adding sound insulation to reduce noise pollution during construction and operation. In addition, the design adjustments to the Rozelle Interchange include more public spaces and green areas to enhance the quality of life for the surrounding community and strive to minimize environmental impact.

Contract and Management Innovations
Significant innovations in contract management and procurement helped accelerate the project timelines. For example, the M4 East segment benefitted from an accelerated procurement strategy that allowed for faster contract awards and construction commencement, which was crucial in meeting tight deadlines.

The M4 Tunnels
The first major stage of WestConnex were completed in July 2019, linking to the widened M4 motorway and Haberfield. Motorists on this section of WestConnex are saving an average of 35 minutes on their westbound peak time journey compared to Parramatta Road.

WestConnex M8
The second stage of WestConnex, open since July 2020, doubles the capacity of the M5 East via twin 9km tunnels. The tunnels cut up to 30 minutes off a trip between Liverpool and the southern CBD.

The new extensions of the M4 and M8
The third stage of WestConnex opened in January 2023, linking the M4 at Haberfield with the M8 at St Peters.

The Rozelle Interchange
The final stage of WestConnex opened to traffic in November 2023. It connects the M4-M5 Link to the Anzac and Iron Cove bridges, and the future Western Harbour Tunnel and Beaches Link. The Rozelle Interchange is being built almost entirely underground, freeing up space for a new regional park.

Issues and solutions
After the Rozelle Interchange was delivered, some issues appeared. As a result of the new junction, 10 lanes of traffic now have to merge into four lanes on the Anzac Bridge. Instead of bringing convenience to the public, the project has caused traffic bedlam. Therefore, people called it the labyrinthine "spaghetti" junction, the world's most complex underground.

On 4th December, 2023, emergency works were carried out to improve "pinch points" on Sydney's Rozelle interchange, which will add a second lane for 400 meters where the City West Link merges with the new Crescent Overpass before Anzac Bridge. In February, 2024, The NSW Government responded to community calls for greater transparency around the Rozelle Interchange, with the release for the first time of travel time data to help motorists plan their trips.

Western Harbour Tunnel
The Western Harbour Tunnel is currently under construction and will provide a third road crossing point of Sydney Harbour and will provide a western bypass of the Sydney CBD. Some of the traffic from Westconnex entering the Rozelle Interchange will be diverted from the Anzac Bridge and be able to travel directly across the harbour into North Sydney or from North Sydney directly to the inner west, bypassing the Sydney CBD.

Sydney Gateway
The Sydney Gateway project is currently under construction and will provide a connection from the WestConnex motorway at St Peters to the domestic and international Sydney Airport terminals. It will also provide more connectivity from Port Botany into the motorway network for road freight.

Alongside the motorway project the freight rail line between Port Botany and Mascot has been duplicated to provide additional freight rail capacity, and contribute to reducing the number of trucks on Sydney roads.

M6 Stage 1 Motorway
The M6 stage 1 motorway project is currently under construction and will connect the Westconnex M8 at Arncliffe to the A1 at President Avenue in Kogarah via an underground tunnel. The aim of the project is to provide a more direct connection from southern Sydney into the wider motorway network. It is also intended to reduce traffic on surface streets (particularly heavy vehicles).

The project also incorporates a road/tunnel stubs to allow for the future extension of the M6 tunnels.

M6 Stage 2 Motorway
The M6 Stage 2 project is a planned extension of the M6 to the south which would extend the motorway network through the Sutherland Shire and connecting to the A1 motorway at Loftus. This would divert traffic (particularly heavy vehicles) from existing surface roads, and extend the motorway network to the southern urban fringe of Sydney.

The project has no committed funding or planning approvals and was shelved indefinitely by the NSW Government in June 2022, however the road corridor for the extension has been reserved since 1951.

Discussion Questions

 * 1) How could the Sydney Motorway design have been deployed in a more effective way?
 * 2) Is the 1948 Cumberland County Plan fit for purpose in 2024?
 * 3) Is the current road user tolling of traffic on the motorway network consistent with the goals of the network?
 * 4) To what extent has the WestConnex project met the Government's strategic objectives for the project?

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Death Stranding

This is the Wikibook game guide for Death Stranding product of Japan.

Setup
You can export your save game from Death Stranding to Directors cut.

The best way to play Death Stranding on Steam Deck while using the FSR optimization seems to be:

 * No TDP cap
 * 40fps lock (40hz)
 * Default graphic settings
 * FSR set to quality

Before the game begins you need to enter your birthday and month.

Beginning
When the prologue video ends

Recover your dropped item walk to a straight line until a cave Press up to wear sunglasses. Once the movie ends Go down the cliff from right cross the river and keep pushing toward the city. There is a force field, go right cross the river , when you get more items you must manoeuvre and balance the cargo weight when taking turn or else they fall

Episode 1
Getting to the incinerator there aren't any enemies, there is a cutscene then some BTs appear and you get past them holding Rb. If they surround you try and get away by hitting x.

Order 14: Connect Port Knot City
While delivering aid package, you can both avoid or fight BT whale with grenades. if you have the bike park it halfway at the distribution center.

Checklist
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1k5eCt2GspfQP_8HgPczoPNOTy3qsU7xsyWLVKEKaF1I/edit#gid=0

title: Death Stranding


text:
User:Lachielmao/huggle.yaml.js

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 * 1) // If true, the options above will not generate confirmation, but instead will be silently accepted (warning will not be sent)

title: User:Lachielmao/huggle.yaml.js


text:
User talk:102.212.181.60

April 2024
MathXplore (discuss • contribs) 02:01, 13 April 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:102.212.181.60


text:
User talk:199.254.158.177

April 2024
MathXplore (discuss • contribs) 02:01, 13 April 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:199.254.158.177


text: Category:Uncategorized country data templates


text: Category:All country data templates

title: Category:All country data templates


text: Category:Country data templates

title: Category:Country data templates


text: Category:Non NATO Armies ranks and insignia templates


text:
Category:Pages using xtag template with unsupported tag name

__HIDDENCAT__


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Category:Works with non-existent author pages

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Acing the SQE/Dispute Resolution/Different options for dispute resolution

=Introduction= In this chapter, we will examine three distinct approaches to dispute resolution: arbitration, mediation, and litigation. The first two methods fall under the category of alternative dispute resolution (ADR). The section on arbitration will explore its historical roots and development, followed by an assessment of its strengths and weaknesses. We will then delve into the arbitration process, both within domestic and international contexts. Next, we will turn our attention to mediation and its fundamental principles. This increasingly prevalent ADR approach will be evaluated based on its effectiveness in resolving various civil disputes.

A solicitor specializes in dispute resolution should keep in mind that they have a professional obligation to explore various dispute resolution options available to their client when representing them in a matter involving a conflict with a third party. During this process, they should discuss with their client whether alternative dispute resolution (ADR) techniques, such as mediation, may be a better alternative to formal procedures like arbitration or litigation. This requirement was initially included in the Solicitors Regulation Authority's (SRA) Code of Conduct 2011, although it has since been updated. Parties and their legal representatives should bear in mind that the Practice Direction on pre-action conduct encourages the settlement of disputes before litigation commences and mandates the consideration of alternative dispute resolution (ADR). It serves as a reminder that litigation should only be pursued as a last resort. In accordance with the relevant pre-action protocol or Practice Direction, the parties should contemplate whether negotiation or some other form of ADR could facilitate resolution of their dispute prior to commencing legal proceedings. If a party fails to consider ADR, there may be cost sanctions imposed at the conclusion of the litigation. Even if litigation is ultimately chosen as the preferred dispute resolution mechanism, the Civil Procedure Rules and associated Practice Directions require parties to consider the use of ADR. For example, Rule 1.4(2)(e) directs the court to promote the use of ADR if it is deemed appropriate. Rule 26.4 allows the court to stay cases to permit ADR to take place, and the Practice Direction to Part 29 empowers the court to issue directions regarding ADR on its own initiative without requiring a hearing.

Different options for dispute resolution
Alternative dispute resolution is an important option for solving civil disputes and the parties should engage if at all possible. Failure to do so may result in financial sanctions.

The characteristics of arbitration, mediation and litigation which make them an appropriate mechanism to resolve a dispute
Arbitration, mediation, and litigation are three distinct mechanisms for resolving disputes within the English dispute resolution system, each with its own characteristics that make it appropriate for different situations:

Litigation:

Adversarial Process: Litigation is an adversarial process where parties present their case to a judge or jury in a court of law. Each party advocates for its own position, and the judge or jury makes a binding decision based on the evidence presented and applicable law. Formal Rules and Procedures: Litigation follows formal rules and procedures set out by the court, including rules of evidence and civil procedure. These rules provide structure and ensure fairness in the resolution process. Legal Representation: Parties in litigation typically have legal representation, such as solicitors and barristers, who advocate on their behalf and navigate the complexities of the legal system. Binding Decision: The decision reached in litigation is binding on the parties involved and can be enforced through court orders. Appeals may be available in certain circumstances, but generally, the decision is final. Arbitration:

Adjudicative Process: Arbitration is a quasi-judicial process where an impartial arbitrator or panel of arbitrators is appointed to resolve the dispute. The arbitrator(s) listen to both parties, consider evidence, and render a decision, which is binding on the parties. Flexibility: Arbitration offers parties more flexibility in choosing the procedures, rules, and arbitrators to govern the process. This flexibility allows parties to tailor the arbitration to their specific needs and preferences. Confidentiality: Arbitration proceedings are often confidential, which can be beneficial for parties seeking to keep sensitive information out of the public domain. Enforceability: Arbitration awards are generally enforceable through the courts, both domestically and internationally, under the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards. Mediation:

Facilitative Process: Mediation is a voluntary and confidential process where a neutral third party, the mediator, assists the parties in reaching a mutually acceptable agreement. The mediator facilitates communication, identifies underlying interests, and helps parties explore options for resolution. Informal and Non-binding: Unlike litigation and arbitration, mediation is informal and non-binding. Parties have control over the outcome and can choose whether or not to accept any proposed settlement. Preserves Relationships: Mediation can help preserve relationships between parties by fostering open communication and collaboration. It allows parties to address underlying issues and find creative solutions that meet their interests. Cost and Time Efficiency: Mediation is often faster and less expensive than litigation or arbitration, as it avoids lengthy court proceedings and discovery processes.


text:
Acing the SQE/Dispute Resolution/Resolving a dispute through a civil claim

preliminary considerations: limitation, pre-action protocols
Limitation: There are time limits for bringing a civil claim, known as the limitation period. The limitation period varies depending on the type of claim, but in most cases, it is six years from the date of the event that caused the dispute. It's important to be aware of the limitation period and ensure that the claim is brought within the prescribed time limit.

Pre-action protocols: Before issuing a claim, parties are expected to follow the relevant pre-action protocol. The pre-action protocol sets out the steps that parties should take before commencing proceedings, including exchanging information and attempting to resolve the dispute through negotiation or alternative dispute resolution (ADR). Failure to comply with the pre-action protocol may result in cost sanctions.

parties and causes of action
In England and Wales, a dispute can be resolved through a civil claim in court. The parties involved in a civil claim can include individuals, businesses, organizations, and government bodies. The party bringing the claim is known as the claimant or plaintiff, while the party defending the claim is known as the defendant.

There are many different causes of action that can give rise to a civil claim in England and Wales. Some common causes of action include:

Breach of contract: When one party fails to fulfill their obligations under a contract, the other party may bring a claim for breach of contract.

Negligence: When one party owes a duty of care to another party and breaches that duty, resulting in damage or loss to the other party, the injured party may bring a claim for negligence.

Defamation: When a person makes a false statement that harms another person's reputation, the injured party may bring a claim for defamation.

Trespass: When a person enters another person's property without permission, the owner of the property may bring a claim for trespass.

Breach of fiduciary duty: When a person who owes a fiduciary duty to another person breaches that duty, resulting in harm or loss to the other person, the injured party may bring a claim for breach of fiduciary duty.

Nuisance: When a person's use or enjoyment of their property is interfered with by another person, the affected party may bring a claim for nuisance.

These are just a few examples of the many causes of action that can give rise to a civil claim in England and Wales. The appropriate cause of action will depend on the specific facts of each case.

In order to bring a civil claim in England and Wales, the claimant must file a claim form with the court and serve it on the defendant. The defendant will then have an opportunity to respond to the claim, and the case will proceed through the court system. Ultimately, the court will make a decision on the merits of the case, based on the evidence presented by both parties.

calculating limitation periods for claims in contract and tort
For claims in contract, the limitation period is usually six years from the date of breach of contract. This means that a claim for breach of contract must be brought within six years of the date when the breach occurred. However, in some cases, the limitation period may be extended to 12 years if the contract is executed as a deed.

For claims in tort, the limitation period is usually six years from the date when the cause of action accrued. This means that a claim for tort must be brought within six years of the date when the damage occurred, or the claimant became aware of the damage. However, in some cases, the limitation period may be shorter. For example, the limitation period for personal injury claims is three years from the date of the accident or injury.

It's important to note that limitation periods can be complex and depend on the specific circumstances of each case. In some cases, the limitation period may be extended or suspended, for example, if the claimant was under a disability or the defendant fraudulently concealed the cause of action. It's therefore important to seek legal advice to determine the limitation period that applies to a particular claim.

In summary, the limitation period for claims in contract is usually six years from the date of breach, while the limitation period for claims in tort is usually six years from the date when the cause of action accrued. However, the limitation period can vary depending on the specific circumstances of each case, and it's important to seek legal advice to determine the appropriate limitation period for a particular claim.

principles and purpose of pre-action protocols governing particular claims and consequences for failure to follow their terms
In English civil litigation, pre-action protocols are sets of rules and procedures that govern the conduct of parties before commencing formal legal proceedings. The purpose of pre-action protocols is to encourage the early resolution of disputes, reduce costs, and promote efficient use of court resources.

The principles underlying pre-action protocols include the duty of parties to communicate with each other in a timely and constructive manner, to exchange information relevant to the dispute, to explore alternative methods of dispute resolution, and to avoid unnecessary litigation.

There are various pre-action protocols that apply to specific types of claims, such as personal injury, construction disputes, professional negligence, and debt claims. Each protocol sets out the specific steps that parties should take before commencing legal proceedings, such as exchanging letters of claim and response, providing relevant documents, and attending pre-action meetings.

If a party fails to follow the terms of a pre-action protocol, there may be consequences in terms of costs and case management. For example, a court may order the defaulting party to pay costs incurred as a result of their failure to comply with the protocol, or may stay or strike out the claim altogether. It is therefore important for parties to be aware of and comply with the relevant pre-action protocols to avoid these potential consequences.

applicable law: mechanisms to determine which country’s laws apply to a contractual or tortious claim issued in the courts of England and Wales
In England and Wales, the applicable law in contractual and tortious claims is determined by the rules of private international law, which are commonly referred to as "the conflict of laws." The conflict of laws rules provide a framework for determining which country's laws should be applied in a case where there is a foreign element involved.

For contractual claims, the applicable law is determined by the Rome I Regulation, which is a European Union regulation that governs the law applicable to contractual obligations in civil and commercial matters. The regulation sets out a number of rules to determine which country's law should apply, based on various factors such as the place of performance of the contract, the nationality or habitual residence of the parties, and the governing law chosen by the parties in the contract.

In tortious claims, the applicable law is determined by the Rome II Regulation, which is another EU regulation that governs the law applicable to non-contractual obligations in civil and commercial matters. The regulation sets out a number of rules to determine which country's law should apply, based on various factors such as the country in which the damage occurred, the country in which the event giving rise to the damage occurred, and the country where the parties are domiciled or habitually resident.

In cases where there is no clear connection with any particular country, the court may apply the common law rules of private international law to determine the applicable law. These rules include the principle of closest connection, which involves considering various factors such as the place of the relevant conduct and the nationality or domicile of the parties to determine which country's law has the closest connection to the dispute.

Overall, the determination of the applicable law can be a complex and fact-specific process, and it is important for parties to seek legal advice to ensure that they are aware of their rights and obligations under the relevant laws.

jurisdiction: mechanisms to determine jurisdiction over an international contractual or tortious claim
In English civil litigation, determining whether a court has jurisdiction over an international contractual or tortious claim involves a number of mechanisms. These mechanisms include the application of the Brussels I Regulation (recast), which is a European Union regulation that governs jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters.

Under the Brussels I Regulation, a defendant can be sued in the courts of the Member State where they are domiciled. This is known as the principle of domicile jurisdiction. If the defendant is not domiciled in an EU Member State, jurisdiction may be determined by other factors, such as the place where the contract was performed or the place where the harmful event occurred.

In addition to the Brussels I Regulation, the English courts may also apply common law principles to determine jurisdiction. This involves considering various factors such as the connection of the dispute to England and Wales, the convenience of the parties and witnesses, and the availability of an alternative forum.

Furthermore, parties may agree on the jurisdiction of a particular court in their contract. In this case, the English courts will generally uphold the parties' choice of jurisdiction, unless there are exceptional circumstances that would make it unreasonable to do so.

Once a court has been determined to have jurisdiction, it will have the power to hear and determine the dispute. However, the court may also stay the proceedings if it is more appropriate for the dispute to be heard in another jurisdiction.

Overall, determining jurisdiction over an international contractual or tortious claim in English civil litigation involves a careful analysis of various factors and the application of both EU and common law rules. Parties should seek legal advice to ensure that they understand their rights and obligations under the relevant laws.


text:
User talk:103.229.83.170

April 2024
MathXplore (discuss • contribs) 13:21, 13 April 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:103.229.83.170


text:
User talk:85.232.222.97

April 2024
MathXplore (discuss • contribs) 13:23, 13 April 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:85.232.222.97


text:
User talk:2A0A:EF40:C65:2901:9472:EF5:CC41:B26C

April 2024
MathXplore (discuss • contribs) 14:19, 13 April 2024 (UTC)


text:
User talk:73.163.118.57

April 2024
MathXplore (discuss • contribs) 14:24, 13 April 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:73.163.118.57


text:
User talk:64.114 etc

Templates
Hi @64.114 etc! I notice you've been creating a lot of templates based on Wikipedia, many of which seem to have no application here. Is there a reason you're doing this? Additionally, I think it would be much better to import them with their revisions. Cheers —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 19:26, 13 April 2024 (UTC)
 * I’m thinking that it would have to be considered justified because these templates are still transcluded on other pages. 64.114 etc (discuss • contribs) 01:48, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure I understand. For example, you just created Template:CSK. But when I checked, the only thing that links/transcludes there is an old abandoned transwiki page. I'm just a little concerned about the sheer volume of templates you're adding that don't seem to be particularly relevant here. Additionally, you haven't done any other editing aside from "importing" these templates, and I'm not sure it's particularly constructive. —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 03:52, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
 * I deleted all of them as they are all unattributed and have been copied from some other wiki. If you are going to recreate them, please provide proper attribution. --SHB2000 (discuss • contribs) 08:45, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
 * I think it could be reasonable going forward to request select templates for official import, giving the reason they're needed. —Kittycataclysm (discuss • contribs) 19:43, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Indeed, Special:Import and proper attribution are the way forward, not unaccredited copypasta. --SHB2000 (discuss • contribs) 21:45, 14 April 2024 (UTC)

Unusual edits
Please explain your recent mass edits. I don't see a need for the creation of these pages.

I have blocked your account from creating new pages until this is resolved. You remain able to edit existing pages.--Xania   talk 05:05, 14 April 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:64.114 etc


text: Category:Coffee liqueur recipes

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Category:Country data templates with distinct default size

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User talk:Mohamed Tarawalie

I have deleted your user page. It is a very bad idea to include your full name, date of birth and place of birth online. Look after your privacy online!--Xania   talk 05:18, 14 April 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:Mohamed Tarawalie


text:
User talk:41.116.56.233

April 2024
MathXplore (discuss • contribs) 05:52, 14 April 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:41.116.56.233


text:
Guitar/Chord changes from G to D

Original page translated by Google

= The chord change from D to G = Audio example:

From G to D
Now the whole thing goes backwards again: Audio example:

Once again:

Which trick or learning aid works best for you ultimately depends on the individual, of course. But it is worth using all the tools available to help you memorize a chord sequence or teach it to others. This makes use of the learning psychology phenomenon: the more senses are addressed, the easier it is to learn.

Pay attention to the opening
Here too, pay attention to which word is emphasized first. Only then does the actual bar begin (i.e. the "1" of the beat pattern).
 * O when the go matching in...
 * We on the sloop John B. ...

title: Guitar/Chord changes from G to D


text:
User:Anonymous Agent

I'm an embedded software engineer who devote my life for the advancement of humanity as well as the prosperity of society.

My page:

Symbols used to mark completion percentage:
 * Wikipedia: Anonymous Agent
 * Wikiversity: Anonymous_Agent

title: User:Anonymous Agent


text:
Guitar/Chord changes from G to D/Song Examples

(2) Chord changes from G to D and Railway and Western Pattern

 * 1) When the Saints Go Marching In
 * 2) Sloop John B •   More examples
 * 3)   (Chorus)
 * 4)   D (G A) D (G D)
 * 5)   D - A D (2x) G - D -; D - A D | G D A D (2x)
 * 6)    Intro:D - - - Verse; D - - - G - D - A G D - (Blues scheme in D)
 * 7)   D D G G D A D D
 * 8)   //: D - - - G - D - :// //: A G D - :// (3/4-Takt)
 * 9)     (D) G - D -, A - D -, G - D -, A - D -
 * 10)   (Original: Capo 2. Fred) The change of G-A or A-G can wait until lesson 7.
 * 11)  D - - - G - D - A G D - (Blues scheme in D)
 * 12)   D A G A


text:
Songbook/Sloop John B

= Sloop John B. =

The original text is about two drunken passengers arguing and longing for port. The ship's name "John B." presumably refers to Captain John Bethel, one of the first Welsh settlers on Eleuthera-Bahamas.

In addition to covers by the Kingston Trio, Johnny Cash and many others, the Beach Boys' version became particularly popular.

With tabs

 * 1
 * We came on the Sloop  John  B.,
 * My grandfather  and  me.
 * A- round Nas-  sau  town we did  roam,
 * Drinking all night,  - Got into a  fight,
 * Well I feel so break up,  I wanta go  home.

 * Chorus:
 * So hoist up the John  B.  sail,
 * See how the main- -s'l  sets,
 * Call for the captain a-  shore,let me go  home,
 * Let me go home,  - I wanta go  home,
 * Well, I feel so break up, -  I wanta go  home.

 * 2
 * First Mate, he got  drunk,
 * Broke up the peo- ple's  trunk,
 * Constable had to  come and take him a-  way.
 * Sheriff John- stone, Why don't you leave me a-  lone?
 * Well I feel so break up, I wanta go  home.

 * 3
 * The poor cook  he caught the  fits,
 * Threw away all  my   grits,
 * Then he took  and   ate up all of my   corn.
 * Let me go  home, I wanta go   home,
 * This  is the worst trip I've ever been   on.

Accompaniment pattern (suggestion)
The song can also be used for the campfire diploma without the Sus4 chords. Simply ignore all the numbers. From the ballad diploma onwards you can practice some Sus4 chords with this song. The designation D4-3 is a short form for D4 - D. The Sus4 chord always occurs on the "4" of the campfire strumming pattern.

 * [[image:Crd_Dsus4_x00233.svg|100px]]

The second verse in the MIDI gives you a rough impression, although the piano accompaniment with guitar sound does not exactly reproduce the guitar.

title: Songbook/Sloop John B


text:
Guitar/song examples/Campfire Diploma/Sloop John B

Insert from: Songbook/Sloop John B incl. tabs


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Guitar/song examples/Campfire Diploma/When the Saints Go Marching In

Insert from: Songbook/When the Saints Go Marching In


text:
Songbook/When the Saints Go Marching In

= When The Saints =

1) Oh, when the saints go marching in Oh, when the saints go marching in Oh Lord I want to be in that number When the saints go marching in.

2) Oh, when the drums begin to bang... 3) Oh, when the stars fall from the sky... 4) Oh, when the moon turns red with blood... 5) Oh, when the trumpet sounds its call... 6) Oh, when the horsemen begin to ride... 7) Oh, when the saints go marching in...

title: Songbook/When the Saints Go Marching In


text:
Guitar/G without pinky

 * Original page translated by Google

Side note on fingering
This article is only intended for guitar players who have already learned a little guitar and have perhaps learned a chord (especially G major) with a different fingering.

Unfortunately, people who are changing their way of playing the guitar often have problems playing G major with their little finger ("I've always played it like this, why should I play it differently...").

New learners, on the other hand, have much less trouble learning G major with the little finger. For them, every chord is difficult anyway. They don't even notice that G major should be more difficult than any other chord. It does represent a small hurdle, and you may have to make do with a slightly imprecise chord for a few days, but it rarely takes more than two weeks (or two lessons) to master G major. And after three weeks you'll wonder what the problem actually was. But once you've mastered G major with the little finger, I can guarantee that you'll pass the campfire and folk diplomas. Future lessons (including melody picking, solo playing, other chords with the little finger) will also be easier because the little finger has been trained right from the start.

Unnecessary mass migration with the imr-G
If you can already play the guitar a little, you may have looked in other books and noticed that the G major chord can be played in a different way. It will often happen that a book or a guitar player plays a chord differently than the one taught in this course.

The G major chord can also be played without the little finger. We can only hope that no one is now thinking "Why didn't they tell you that right away, it's so much easier!" This chord may be easier to play at first, but this supposed convenience comes at a high price.

If you have learned the G major chord in the slightly less elegant way (i.e. without the little finger), you should try the following:
 * Switch from the G major chord to the chords C, D and later F major as well as E and A minor.
 * With some chord changes, you will not notice any significant advantage or disadvantage. But with many other fingering changes, the disadvantage will be very noticeable. The change between G major and C major will be shown below, sometimes with one fingering and sometimes with the other.

With the first, more advantageous grip change, the fingers only have to move a little. With the second, supposedly "easier" grip, however, a kind of mass migration occurs.

Advantages of the G with pinky
The grips with the supposedly more comfortable fingerings may "work" for the first time, but sooner or later you will simply not be able to progress any further and will remain at a modest level because you will no longer be able to increase your own speed when changing. But even if you can change quickly enough, it will be much more difficult to follow the lessons in this course. Because a lot of things simply build on one another.
 * Preview of upcoming lessons

Advantages of a more consistent fingering changes
Switching to other grips is in most cases more ergonomic and therefore easier, faster and smoother with the pinky-variant.

There is a finger position for the middle finger and ring finger that can be found in 4 chords (and some variants):
 * [[file:Durstellung1_4.gif]]

These are suitable for:
 * [[file:Crd_G.svg|125px]][[file:Crd_G7.svg|125px]] [[file:Crd_C.svg|125px]] [[file:Crd_F_ZMR.svg|125px]][[file:Crd_D.svg|125px]] [[file:Crd_Gadd2_3x0203.svg|125px]]

In contrast, there is a second typical position of the middle and ring fingers:
 * [[file:Mollstellung1_3.gif|125px]]

für die Akkorde
 * [[file:Crd_E.svg|125px]][[file:Crd_Em.svg|125px]][[file:Crd_A_MRK.svg|125px]][[file:Crd_Am.svg|125px]][[file:Crd_A_ZMR.svg|125px]]

When changing chords, a typical movement occurs:
 * [[file:Dur-Moll-Dur.svg]]

These similarities make learning the basic chords easier.

Afterwards, it is also much easier to learn terms like "major third" and "fourth" because you already have them in your fingers somehow.

Without any significant effort, you can learn all the notes of the C major scale with a few tricks. If you can play the 6 open strings, then you only need to know where the root note is for one of the chords mentioned above in order to have another 6 notes. Because the root note is almost always under the ring finger of the chord of the same name. (Exception: A major, but there is also the alternative fingering that is used for Switching between E A and B7 is presented in the following folk diploma.
 * [[file:Crd_A_MRK.svg]]

As you can see, there is nothing wrong with variations of chords in general. But not every variation that is available is ultimately cheap.

Animation
You can see from this animation that many chord changes are relatively similar if you use a similar fingering for all chords. These similarities make the fingering changes much smoother for the first chords you learn.
 * [[file:Griffwechsel Zusammenfassung animiert.gif]]

Advantages of learning the C major scale
The standard fingering helps you find all the notes on the fingerboard. For the easy "Ring finger rule" you need G major with your little finger.

 * Notes of the C major scale on the first 3 frets

For simple bass lines in C major, it is enough to learn one bass line and then simply transfer it to the other chords.
 * [[file:C_Dur_Basslauf_3er-Takt.svg|600px]]

The ring finger always stays on the 3rd fret and the middle finger stays on the 2nd fret.

And so you can quickly learn part of the C major scale.
 * [[file:C_Dur_Basslauf_isoliert.svg|600px]]

In my experience, calling out individual bass notes is easier if you can quickly derive them from the chord using the "open string rule" and "ring finger rule".

Advantages of the first technical exercises
If you have learned a bass run in C major, you can transfer it to the chords G major and F major without much practice. The same applies to the pull-off or hammer-on

It is much easier when you first learn hammering if you only have to concentrate on the middle finger.
 * [[file:Hammering_On_First_Level.svg]]

First western accompaniments are so much easier to learn
 * [[file:Gitarre_Bassline_Hammering_C_G.svg]]

I would have to forego all the learning benefits if I played a G like this:

E ||---|---|-R-|- H ||---|---|---|- G ||---|---|---|- D ||---|---|---|- A ||---|-I-|---|- E ||---|---|-M-|-

Advantages of switching to similar chords
Other chords can be more easily derived from the standard G:
 * [[file:Crd_G.svg|125px]][[file:Crd_G7.svg|125px]][[file:Crd Gadd2 3x0203.svg|125px]][[file:Crd Gadd4 320010.svg|125px]][[file:Crd G Fis.svg|125px]]

Advantages for other chords with the little finger
If you train your little finger from the beginning, it will be much easier for you to play other chords where you cannot do without your little finger (B7, E7, A7, etc.)

 * [[Image:Crd Asus4 002230.svg|125px]] [[Image:Crd A6 002222.svg|125px]] [[Image:Crd A7 002223.svg|125px]] [[Image:Crd C7 032310.svg|125px]] [[Image:Crd Cadd9 032030.svg|125px]] [[Image:Crd Dsus4 x00233.svg |125px]] [[Image:Crd Esus4 022200.svg |125px]] [[Image:Crd E6 022120.svg|125px]] [[Image:Crd E7 022130.svg|125px]] [[Image:Crd Eadd9 022102.svg|125px]] [[Image:Crd Fadd9 x03213.svg |125px]] [[Image:Crd Gm7 3x333x.svg|125px]] [[Image:Crd Hm7 x20202.svg|125px]] [[Image:Crd Hm7b5 x2323x.svg|125px]]

Advantages for later melody playing
At the latest when melody picking the G major variant without a little finger proves to be a hindrance. Many pieces from melody picking and from simple classical music cannot be played with the ZMR variant of G at all.

 * Example:Freight train

The ZMRK variant
But don't get me wrong: as long as the result is right, no fingering is actually wrong in and of itself. It may even be that for a certain effect it makes sense to deviate from a standard fingering so that other fingerings are easier to achieve.

As long as a clear advantage can be achieved with one fingering, you can certainly try to learn both the one and the other fingering and use them as needed.

For example, the following variant of the G major chord: I would like to save these as an alternative for later in the Ballad Diploma (Fixed Fingers), in order to combine them with chords such as Cadd9 (x32033), Dsus4 (xx0233), Em7 (022033) and/or A7us4 (x02233). But the extended chords are material for later, after you have mastered the basics.

With such fingering combinations (which often only work in a single key and for a few songs), it is worth learning a variant.

However, I strongly advise against preferring a finger position "just" because of its convenience, if you later have to pay for this convenience by losing speed when changing. I hope you have realized that the G major chord with the little finger has significantly more advantages overall than the variant without the little finger.

It is true that you have a little more trouble getting the fingering right in the first few days. But this will also be the case later with other chords. Experience has shown that barre chords will also take a few days or weeks to get right. You should experience right from the start that the initial effort is worth it. False ambition, that everything has to work out perfectly right away, is poison for learning the guitar.

If you have learned G major differently, simply learn G major with your little finger as a new chord and use it for all new songs. Many people have relearned years later because they have realized that it is worth it.

I know that you can learn G in one or two days with the ZMR variant, and that you need one or two weeks for the RMK variant to really get it right. But the extra work is quickly recouped later by the many learning advantages.

In my opinion, the RMK variant is far better preparation for playing the guitar than the ZMR variant.

Train your little finger right from the start
And if you start taking the supposedly easier route with G major, you will also avoid other grips that seem a bit more complicated at first. But at the latest with B7 (Folk Diploma), the little finger is absolutely necessary. Not to mention the barre chords (Rock Diploma)...

So why shouldn't you train your little finger right from the start?

The fingerings taught in this course are well thought out, systematically structured and have proven themselves in practice, and are therefore played exactly like this by most guitar players. Anyone who still insists on playing G major without a little finger without there being a real anatomical reason (tendons between the ring finger and little finger are too closely connected) should look for another course or another teacher.

back to -General rules for fingering-

title: Guitar/G without pinky


text:
Guitar/The major cadence - The great triumvirate

Original page translated by Google

= The first major cadence or "The great triumvirate" =

A little harmony theory
You have now learned three chords: D, A and G major. Believe it or not, you can accompany hundreds of songs with just these three chords.

Many songs are played with just three major chords. The order of the chords can vary quite a bit, but within a key it is always the same three chords that you find together. Other major chords are rare in the key of D major and are then considered an exception.

Typical chord progression (cadence in D major)
Play the chord progression D G A D in exactly this order! This series of chord is called a D major cadence. A cadence is something like a standard chord progression that leads back to the basic chord. The D major cadence is used both for descriptions in harmony theory and for pure exercises of chords in the key of D major. It is something like a formula that represents all songs in D major that are only accompanied by the three chords D, G and A.

 * D - G - A(7) - D
 * D major is the start. (Tonic)
 * G major connects the previous chord with the next. (Subdominant)
 * A(7) builds up tension (dominant) that wants to resolve itself again after ...
 * ... D major as the final chord. (Tonic)

As soon as you get to know several songs, you will probably find out for yourself which major chords usually appear together and which major chords are rarely or almost never found together. In the circle of fifths, which you will get to know better sooner or later, the major chords that are often found together are arranged nicely next to each other as neighbors, as shown in the diagram above.

A few more minor chords are added later, but even then the triumvirate of the major cadence is usually retained.

Of course there are a few exceptions, but most of the songs we know in Western Europe stick to this simple division into a group of three.

The calm tonic
is the root chord and also indicates the key of the entire piece of music. Unfortunately, you can't rely on it 100%, but a piece usually begins and ends with this basic chord.

As a mnemonic, remember: "The tonica indicates the ton."; and that a song should at least end with the tonic.

Of the three chords you have learned so far, the tonic is always D major. So always start and end your dry runs with D major.

The basic chord is almost always a kind of calming influence in the piece of music. How you change in between doesn't really matter. The main thing is that you come back to the basic chord D major.

D is the first note in the D major scale, and therefore the D major chord is said to be on the first degree of the scale, just like the note D.

The tension-filled dominant
It is typical for a cadence (formulaic chord sequence) that one of the three chords is responsible for the tension. Here in the D major key it is the A major chord.

If you pay attention when singing, you will notice that the melody progression in the dominant is often a little more tension-filled than in the other two chords. This might help you if you want to learn your songs by heart. The tension of the dominant can be increased even further if it is played as a 7th chord. So as an A7.

The A7 is actually quite easy to play (you just need to raise your middle finger), but until we learn and use the A7, remember the following:

So if an A7 appears in your songbook, don't spend a long time looking around in a fingering chart, just play an A major. Whether the piece would sound better with A7 is another matter. For now, it's enough to just leave out the numbers (this will help you find a few more songs in your songbook straight away). But don't worry, you'll get to know all of the 7th chords. They'll just be pushed back a little.

A dominant or a dominant seventh chord (7th chord) triggers a tense auditory impression that we're used to resolving back to the base chord, i.e. the tonic.

A is the fifth note in the D major scale (D E F# G A), and therefore the A major chord is said to be on the fifth degree of the D major scale, just like the note A.

The forward subdominant
G major is the third in our small chord sequence. As a subdominant, it connects the calm basic chord (tonic) with the tension-filled dominant. It doesn't matter whether G major forwards from D major to A major, or whether G forwards from A back to D. The subdominant (G major) is not as tension-filled as the dominant (A major), but also not quite as calm as the tonic (D major). It doesn't normally want to be resolved, but only forwarded. This chord has something floating and driving about it.

G is the fourth note in the D major scale (D E F# G), and so it is said that the G major chord, like the note G, is on the fourth degree of the D major scale.

Chord degrees
The three chords D, A and G belong to the D major scale.

Chord levels are usually indicated with Roman numerals.
 * Notes of the D major scale:
 * Chords of the D major scale

Don't worry, you don't have to be able to read music yet. You just need to know how the chord degrees come about. However, even a minimal knowledge of music is helpful. If you have a songbook with music notes in front of you, such as, you can look for all the songs whose musical notation has two sharps. Then look at the chords above the notes. If there is an E minor (Em or e) then you will have to wait two more lessons. If there is a B minor (Hm, h in English songs also Bm or b) or an F sharp minor (F#m, f#) then the songs are not for you yet. We'll save the chords for the Rock diploma. But many songs are played with the three major chords D, G and A (A7). If you know the lyrics and the melody, you can try to play these. Paying attention only to the two ## (or one # in the next lesson) makes it easier to find songs that you may already be able to play.

Audio examples
The vocabulary itself often puts even experienced guitarists off. And yet this vocabulary is not much more difficult than the math vocabulary "addition, subtraction, division, multiplication" or the grammar vocabulary "noun, verb, adjective". There is actually not that much to it. You just have to make sure that the vocabulary is not dry, but that you also associate an auditory impression with the vocabulary. And to do this, you absolutely have to play the following explanatory examples. Then you will simply hear what is being talked about here.

The subdominant leads on
If the chord G major (subdominant) is heard in the key of D major, you can easily go back to the basic chord D major (tonic). The subdominant doesn't really care whether it goes back or on to A major. Perhaps you can remember as a mnemonic that the subdominant is "subordinate" to the other two chords. "Sub" means "below" - in this case the "lower dominant", because it is one step below the dominant.

D=1, E=2, F#=3, G=4, A=5...

Or also because it comes before and not after the tonic in the circle of fifths (which you will learn more about later). G D A ... (goes down and ends...)

You don't need to be able to read tablature yet. That comes a little later when you're plucking. This is nothing other than the chord sequence D major, G major and D major again, whereby each chord is accompanied for exactly one bar by the 4/4-pattern. It therefore corresponds exactly to the following beat pattern.

But if you're already interested in how to read a tablature, then take another look at the chapter Reading diagrams, tablatures and notes in the introduction. It's described there.

The two chords could also be played one after the other for a while...

The dominant pushes towards the tonic
We have already seen enough songs in the first lesson that are accompanied exclusively by the tonic D and the dominant A.

As soon as A major appears as the dominant, you get the impression that there has to be an end (or at least a stopover). Perhaps you can remember as a mnemonic that the dominant dominates the action. The dominant says: "Now it's over!"

D - G - D - G - A - D

As soon as A major (the dominant) sounds, you expect the end. It doesn't matter whether there is a G major in between. G major (the subdominant) can delay this end a little, but since you have heard the dominant A major before, you definitely want to go back to the basic chord.

D - G - D - G - A - G - D

You're finally happy to be back in D major.

The dominant as a stopover
It often happens that a verse ends with the tension-filled dominant (A major).

The end is withheld, although we expect it.

The section ends, but you have the impression that it has to continue somehow.

Such an incomplete part then sounds comparatively like a "yes, but" -

D - G - D - G - A - A (incomplete) D - G - D - G - A - D (end)

The next verse, the next verse or the chorus is already prepared with the dominant as an incomplete end. The resolution of the dominant (A major) therefore occurs with the first bar (tonic D major) of the next verse.

The actual end then comes a little later. Either in the next verse or, if you're unlucky, the actual final chord comes right at the end of the song.

The cadence as a learning aid
Many verses and verses of a song are divided into manageable sections of meaning by the tonic-subdominant-dominant division. Even if you don't hear it right from the start, it is advisable to pay attention to these "functions" of the chords. The melody becomes more suspenseful: aha, a dominant is coming. The melody progression is continuous, floating: aha, the subdominant. We have arrived at a starting or landing point in the melody (and take a short break): aha, the tonic.

Exercise

 * Try to pay attention to where the basic chord makes such a proper stop.
 * Listen to whether the melody in A major is a little more tense than in the other chords.
 * Can you hear a final turn A-D?
 * Does the melody in G major actually sound a little softer than in A major?

You often make mistakes, especially at the beginning, and that's completely normal. But with the simple songs with 3 chords, there are actually only 2 ways to proceed. You just try out one chord, and if it doesn't fit, you just use the other one.

You'll soon notice that you're making fewer and fewer mistakes. And after more or less time, you'll just hear what's coming (at least with the simple songs with 3 chords).

Even if it doesn't always work right away, it's still amazing that guitar students aged 10 to 13 were often able to do it after the fourth or fifth lesson. They could hear what kind of chord had to follow in simple songs. Admittedly, the hit rate was more like 80% to 90%. But with a 50/50 chance, that's still a good result! The students even outperform some guitar players with several years of playing experience who have never heard of the "functions" of chords. You just have to know what to look out for.

Or as my teacher used to say: You only see (or hear) what you know.


text:
User talk:69.124.40.24

April 2024
MathXplore (discuss • contribs) 00:49, 15 April 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:69.124.40.24


text:
Transportation Planning Casebook/F6-M6 in NSW

Summary
The M6 (formerly known as the F6 extension) is a planned motorway which connects Sydney to the Illawarra Region. The M6 has a total of three stages, with the first stage currently under construction, and stage 2 and 3 yet to be approved. Stage 1 a four-kilometre-long twin motorway tunnel, which will connect to the M8 motorway (formerly known as the New M5 Motorway) in Arncliffe with President Avenue in Kogarah.

The M6 was first proposed in the 1950’s as part of a wider Sydney study which highlighted the need for a strong south link. Due to political aspects, the project remained under ground for quite some time, till it became a talking point in the 2000s. With the start of the new Liberal movement in 2012, the F6 became a strategic priority. The route alignment which would be proposed in 2017 would follow the same route as the initial planned freeway in 1951.

The M6 plays great significance in the network as it's positioned to be one of few public funded toll roads in recent years.

Net Zero
The NSW government, and by extension organizational bodies, have set Net Zero goals. A significant contributor to emissions is transport, contributing to 24 per cent of all emissions. Of this 24 per cent, light vehicles (private or commercial) contributed 66 per cent. Most notable to transport, TfNSW has outlined the goal to reduce emissions from the transport sector to 0 by 2050.

The M6 (in its entirety as well as Stage 1) is a significant project which will incur significant costs. Stage 1 is projected to cost $3 billion, with the entire M6 estimated to be around $10.8 billion. While the project is expected to generate time savings (and thereby emission savings because of petrol savings in reduction of vehicle standby), the project is also expected to lead to induced demand and an increase in vehicle use.

The investment in the M6 does not match up with environmental priorities set out by the Government.

Funding
Funding for the M6 has been achieved via both public funding, making it one of the first public funded toll roads in recent years. The M6-Stage 1 is proposed to have toll rates of:

 * A flat rate of $2.44 (in 2021 dollars) each way
 * Heavy vehicles will pay three times the toll of light vehicles.

Cumberland County Plan (1948)
The Cumberland County Plan (CCP) was officially released in 1948 and officially adopted in 1951. The purpose of the plan was to consider more appropriate and efficient uses of land for the region of Sydney, which was comprised of 68 shires and municipalities and the City of Sydney.

The plan set out not only land use, but proposed transportation across the region. A key point to highlight is the relevancy of the post war on the planning which transpired. With the rapid population growth and economic expansion after the war, updates to the transportation network were required. And with the emergence of private vehicles as the favoured transportation mode, naturally connected road networks were the focus of any transport planning by the CCP.

As part of the CCP, a high-level road network was proposed. Relevant to the case study, a southern expressway, connecting the regions of Sydney CBD and Wollongong.

Corridor Reservation
As a follow-up to the CCP, a series of corridors were reserved. This includes the road corridor from Loftus to St Peters, relevant to the M6 extension.

Sydney Area Transportation Study (SATS) (1974)
Other documentation supporting the Southern Freeway was the SATS. The study highlighted strong demand volumes from the CBD down south (via Sutherland).

1977 - Neville Wran
The proposal for the F6 Southern Freeway, originally planned to connect Ultimo to Wollongong, was abandoned as part of a political pre-election promise to stop the construction of freeways in inner city areas. This political will not only stopped the construction of the F6 (in its totality) but also put a hold on other notable road projects (Warringah Freeway F1, Gorehill Freeway F2, Western Freeway F4, and Eastern Freeway F7).

In addition to the cancelled freeway, the road corridor which had previously been reserved as part of the Cumberland County Plan was also altered. Changes included the removal of the city portion, which included space from the City’s CBD to Huntley Street, (Alexandria), with the remainder of the corridor staying intact.

2002 – Public Transport Corridor
In September 2002, then Transport Minister Carl Scully announced a shift from the planned F6 freeway extension to promoting public transport and recreational use along a 20-kilometer corridor from St Peters to Loftus. This further marked a departure from road expansions, as the area reserved since 1951 would now focus on innovative transport solutions like light rail and bus-only roads while preserving green spaces.

Back on the menu – 2005
In 2005, the debate over the F6 Motorway extension was reignited by Roads Minister Michael Costa, despite his predecessor Carl Scully's decision to halt the project in favour of public transport alternatives. Paul McLeay, the Member for Heathcote, supported the NRMA's survey to assess the project's benefits, advocating for the extension as a crucial link for the Illawarra and Sutherland Shire residents. This move suggested a potential reversal of Scully's earlier plans, emphasizing ongoing conflicts within the government and between different stakeholders regarding Sydney's transport infrastructure priorities.

State Election – 2007
Leading up to the NSW state election, talks around the F6 extension would restart. While Michael Costa highlighted the project in 2005, no new development on the F6 occurred. With no firm positions held by the state parties, discussions for the F6 were brought to light by local MPs and external parties (NRMA and Tourism and Transport Forum (TTF)).

NRMA’s push for the F6 found support within the Liberal Party, with Miranda Candidate Graham Annesley. The (Miranda) Labour opposition was adamantly against the F6 extension, due to potential of increased traffic on local roads.

Labor wins – limbo (2007 – 2011)
After Labour’s win in 2007, the F6 was shelved. During this period, there was no state budget allocation to the planning or study of the F6.

In 2010, Scott Morrison, now former Australian Prime minister, at the time Shadow Minister, highlighted the need for the F6 extension and the failure of the Labour party to deliver it.

Back on the Menu
With the Coalition Government back at the helm after a 16-year absence (last held in 1995), the F6 was quickly reintroduced as a major project. The liberal party issued two key documents within a short period of time, which would highlight the F6 as a key strategic project which would bring major improvements to the network.

The State Infrastructure Strategy 2012 – 2032
The State Infrastructure Strategy (SIS) is a 20-year strategic infrastructure plan which sets out future initiatives and opportunities to address infrastructure challenges and enhance productivity, living standards, and economic growth. The plan is updated every 4 years to maintain a relevant focus on the required infrastructure.

The strategy had the F6 officially added to the project agenda, with plans to roll it out within a timeframe of 10 to 20 years. This F6 extension would be between Sydney Airport and the locality of Waterfall. Note that, in the project's framing, the strategy highlights that it could be accelerated if the private sector provided financing.

The plan scoped the project to cost $3 billion, assuming all work was done above ground. It was also assumed that two thirds of the funding would be contributed by user funding.

NSW Long Term Transport Master Plan 2012
The Master Plan was the first comprehensive transport plan developed by the Liberal government in New South Wales after they came into power in 2011. The plan aligned with the SIS, which was issued a few months prior.

A key gap identified in the plan is the missing sections in the motorway network, particularly the F6 which does not provide access to the network from the south.

This plan would be the first to reference the alignment the extension of the F6, which outlined the connection between Loftus and St Peters.

State budget 2014 - 2015
The F6 extension would receive its first set of funding in the 2014-2015 budget of $10 million for a feasibility study.

Route Alignment
While planning was being done in the background, the official announcement for the F6 extension came in October 2017 as part of the 2056 Future Transport Strategy.

The route alignment assessed four different routes, which included:

 * F6 Corridor: Aligned with the reserved corridor for the F6 Southern Freeway as identified in the Cumberland County Plan
 * A1 Corridor: Aligned with the Princes Highway
 * A3 Corridor: Aligned with the Princes Highway and King Georges Road
 * A6 Corridor: Aligned with Heathcote Road, New Illawarra Road, Alfords Point Road, Davies Road and Fairford Road

Planning found that the F6 corridor would be most suitable.

Economic Benefits
As per the 2018 business case, the project was found to have a benefit to cost ratio of 1.56. BCRs for the release of the different amounts of the F6 reserved corridor were also assessed as a comparison. All BCR’s returned values greater than 1, with the most conservative assumption returning a BCR of 1.2.

The benefits of the project have been assessed over a 30-year operational period. The residual value of assets with a lifespan greater than 30 years has been valued at $88 million and included within the calculation of transport benefits.

Controversy
While there has been opposition to the M6, it has not amassed the same level of controversy as the WestConnex. Protests regarding the M6 have been seen on the local level as well as incorporated in larger protests against toll roads in Sydney. Protests for stage 1 have mostly been in regard to induced demand, citing that the extension will increase the amount of traffic on local roads.

In addition to the wary concerns of locals, there has been political controversy regarding the beneficiary of M6. While the project will bring economic benefit (as seen through the business case) to Sydney, it should also be highlighted that owner of WestConnex (a consortium of private investors, most notably Transurban) will also benefit. With the M6 not connecting on the Genral Holm Drive, it provides users limited opportunities to leave the toll road eco-system, thus generating additional revenue for toll collectors.

Start
Construction of the M6 Stage 1 began in November 2021. The project was awarded to a joint venture between CPB Contractors, UGL, and Ghella.

To date
As of April 24, over 70% tunnel excavation across the project alignment.

Trouble in paradise
On the 1st of March 2024, excavation works at the tunnels near West Botany Street halted due to the formation of sink holes. The factory located 16-metres above the tunnels experienced a partial collapse.

Later that month, on the 9th of March, another subsidence event occurred near the south-bound tunnel, approximately 12m from the surface.

Since these events, the CGU joint venture has paused all tunnelling work in the affected areas while assessments are conducted. Geotechnical and engineering evaluations are underway to understand the subsidence and its implications on the project timeline.

Stage 1
Stage 1 of the M6 from WestConnex at Arncliffe to President Avenue, Kogarah is due for completion in 2025.

Stage 2 and 3
Stage 2: President Avenue to Tarren Point and Stage 3: Tarren Point to Loftus have no available timeline, funding commitment, or planning approval.

A large factor in the delay to these projects is the current market constraints and labour shortages.

Discussion questions

 * Why hasn't the M6 received the same level of opposition as the WestConnex?
 * What does public financing mean for toll operators?
 * Will we ever see M6 - Stage 2 and 3? (and should we see one?)


text:
User:Zichong Yu

Tsy-tshon Yu (Zichong Yu)

title: User:Zichong Yu


text:
User:AutumnCats

I'm AutumnCats

title: User:AutumnCats


text:
User talk:206.176.67.210

April 2024
MathXplore (discuss • contribs) 13:49, 15 April 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:206.176.67.210


text:
Quantum Graphs

This is a book devoted to the spectral theory of Schrödinger operator on metric graphs (also known as "quantum graphs"). Every theoretical concept is to be illustrated by studying in detail several examples. The exposition is to be kept as elementary and accessible as possible.

Table of Contents

 * Introduction
 * Schrödinger equation on a metric graph
 * Vertex (Matching) Conditions
 * Secular Determinant
 * Dirichlet-to-Neumann Map

title: Quantum Graphs


text: Category:Sweetened condensed milk recipes


text: Category:Condensed milk recipes

title: Category:Condensed milk recipes


text:
Number Theory/Powers modulo 19

The following table shows the powers of integers modulo 19.

title: Number Theory/Powers modulo 19


text:
User talk:69.130.200.220

April 2024
MathXplore (discuss • contribs) 07:00, 16 April 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:69.130.200.220


text: Cookbook talk:Algerian Mint Tea

title: Cookbook talk:Algerian Mint Tea


text:
Patsho/Sei

Introduction
The sei(wordplay or pun) is an old tradition that existed since the establishment of the villages across the region. It is closely identical with Paronomasia or Malapropism (also called a malapropism, sexologist, or Dogberryism). It became popular during the 80s and 90s and continues to exist till today. But the norms have changed in accordance with the compelling alternate present situation.

Significance
It is a form of sentence that interestingly rhymes, used by a group of people from a village against the opponent village. Ostensibly, the infelicity in this culture is inevitable, debated to champion over other villages. It is quite invective when stated by a village against others that the rivalry village could not sit idle without a response to win over.

History
The idea that the Sei was developed to triumph over the opponent village is somehow culturally rooted. To exemplify, the statement “Ei Patsho hai mo, vi-ie kü le mo”, is indeed the most significant message of proving bravery against other villages. It translates to, “I am from Patsho, equally skilled to confront”  which is a statement of unintimidated nature over dangers. Such culture came into existence as the by-product of the nature of headhunting practice, where warrior tradition is overwhelmed.

To affront the neighboring village, the statement “Asa tü pingha, jüsa tü lai shua”, is allusively crafted to subdue the opponent group. It indicates the weak nature of the opposer but formidableness of the other. “You are the tail of the spear, we are the head of the spear”, is indeed a daunting message for the adversaries.

Conclusion
The pure Sei tradition may cease to exist due to an obsolete form of society where engaging in war was an everyday norm. But the alternate form of Sei tradition is live, filled with excitement and joy, usually performed during occasions for entertainment purposes. Some statements and words are from ancestors still carried on verbally and may be intimidating for the antagonist.

title: Patsho/Sei


text:
Patsho/Pou (Morung)

Introduction
Beside the inheritance of rich culture and custom, the Morung(dormitory), a grand building was primarily the cornerstone of the village life. It was practically the educational institution of the young children and adult members of the village.

Significance
It was a home of the menfolk, where the elders propagated the spirit of patriotism, social etiquette and decorum, self-reliance, humility, unity and so on. It was a center of social, religious and political activities. Similarly, it was also a guard-house against the enemies.

Rituals associated with Morung
Seemingly, several rituals were consistently performed inside and outside the Murong in the ancient days. Such rituals have become obsolete in the present day. The conception that performing such rites fulfills the needs of individual and social commitments in daily life.

Conventional Methods and Superstitions
In the village, meetings were held in the Morung and the discussion and records of these gatherings were kept secret from the womenfolk. This paves the way to keep the secrets limited to a group of higher authority in the community. Thus, making sure that the security was highly maintained against enemy access. The night before a group of headhunters moved out to raid villages, they would sleep in the Morung for that particular night. In this time frame, men were supposed to avoid eating meals cooked by women in beliefs that their enemies would slay them in the battlefield. Moreover, these warriors in the post-war would again sleep over the night in the Morung as a way of redefining oneself and ready to settle a normal life.

Bamboo raised platforms
In those days women were neither allowed to enter the Morung nor on the raised bamboo platforms as people believed that it caused the death of menfolk in large numbers.

Log Drum/Slit Drum
Log drums of the Khiamniungans are huge enough to produce a loud tremendous sound which can easily be heard by the entire village. The size of these drums is enough for several people to sit inside in a row. These were carved far away from the village. It requires hard work, skills and months to complete the ordeal. But once it is completed, the elders in the village would command the entire menfolk to drag them to a village together. Once it is brought, this drum is finally kept inside the Morung against the side of the wall. In the traditional village society, these drums were beaten to signal the dangers and rare happenings and especially to warn the presence of enemies and also to keep all those who are in the line of duty more vigilant. Person(s) skilled in beating the drum were more favorable for it produces rhythmic and dulcet sounds which really resonate with the listeners. Either a single person or in a group can beat the drum in a manner that is synchronized or metachronous but should produce musical and exhilarating sound. Though the Log drum is still prevalent in the village, the significance of its use is vanishing and disappearing. The physical structure may dissipate but the image and features is worth eternal

Conclusion
Perhaps Morung(Pou) was an inevitable part of the tribal society, its significance lives only in the minds of the people as a great reward of their forefathers. There are no more gatherings inside the Morung, no more education being imparted, no more securities against enemies but living in peace and tranquility of an excitingly shared-culture and highly globalized world. All these have merely become a part of the memories that can be reflected through thoughts, images and can only keep the practice living through imitation and transmission forever more.

title: Patsho/Pou (Morung)


text:
User:Tommy Kronkvist/vector-2022.css

.mw-body-content a.mw-redirect {color:#398131} .mw-body-content a.mw-redirect:visited {color:#57ab67} .mw-body-content abbr {border:none}

title: User:Tommy Kronkvist/vector-2022.css


text:
User talk:2601:246:4400:4000:4893:F3A1:4501:3D93

April 2024
MathXplore (discuss • contribs) 01:37, 17 April 2024 (UTC)


text: Talk:OpenSCAD Tutorial/Chapter 2

title: Talk:OpenSCAD Tutorial/Chapter 2


text:
User talk:93.186.10.15

April 2024
MathXplore (discuss • contribs) 07:40, 17 April 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:93.186.10.15


text:
User:TimBorgNetzWerk

Hello kind reader,

my name is Tim and I'd love to contribute to making knowledge more accessible.

Currently, I'm still trying to navigate my way around Wikidata, Wikipedia, Wikiversity, Wikibooks, mostly in en, but from time to time in de as well.

(maybe) open questions:

Reading room/General

title: User:TimBorgNetzWerk


text:
User talk:TimBorgNetzWerk

Welcome!
Welcome, TimBorgNetzWerk!

If you have any questions, you can ask in the assistance reading room or possibly contact me personally. —Justin ( koavf ) ❤T☮C☺M☯ 11:40, 17 April 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:TimBorgNetzWerk


text:
Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. Bb5/3...a6/4. Ba4/4...Bc5/5. Nxe5/5...Qg5

This move pressures e5 and g2, but Ng4! covers g2 and knight is not on e5


text:
Transportation Planning Casebook/Metronet Western Australia

Summary
Metronet is one of the largest infrastructure construction projects undertaken by the Western Australia government for the extension of railway lines. Around 72km new passenger rail line is proposed along with 23 new stations and is said to develop 8000 hectares of land around the stations for housing, work, and recreation. The total cost of the project according to data from the 2023-2024 WA Budget projects a cost of 10.5 billion AUD, an overall increase from the Labour Governments' 2.5 billion AUD projections in 2017. The main objective of Metronet is to promote economic growth by creating greater accessibility to Perth. The introduction of Metronet project has generated jobs in the rail manufacturing in Western Australia for the first time in approximately 30 years, trains will be created and engineered in Western Australia. Metronet also aims to implement three main strategies (Gnarla Biddi Aboriginal Engagement Strategy, Public Art Strategy and Sustainability Strategy) with the aim to create unity in the community and create opportunities for residents. Furthermore, the addition of the Metronet is also expected to benefit North-East and South-East areas of Perth by creating more housing opportunities due to the greater accessibility to these areas which can be attributed to Metronet.

Maps of Locations

Metronet consist of 15 individual projects:

 * Forrestifield-Airport Link
 * Morley-Ellenbrook Line
 * Thornile-Cockburn Link
 * Yanchep Rail Extension
 * New Bayswater Station
 * New Lakelands Station
 * New Midland Station
 * Beilevue Railcar Manufacturing and Assembly Facility
 * Mandurah Station Multi-Storey Car Park
 * Denny Avenue Level Crossing Removal
 * Victorica Park-Canning Level Crossing Removal (five crossings and elevated rail)
 * Byford Rail Extension (including Thomas Road Bridge Over Rail)
 * High-Capacity Signalling Project
 * Public Transport Operations Control Centre
 * Greenwood Multi-Storey Car Park

The locations of the stations are either completely new or an upgrade to the existing station and lines on the previous train network. According to Metronet Caledonian Avenue Level Crossing Removal, Claremont Station, Denny Avenue Level Crossing Removal, Forrestfield-Airport Link, Lakelands Stations and Mandurah Station Multi-Story Car Park are the only completed projects with the remaining projects currently under construction or yet to have construction take place.

Cost Overrun
The total cost of the Metronet project has quadrupled to $11.5 billion from the original estimate of $3 billion in 2017. Though there were changes in scope of project that led to some increase in the cost but overall, the project cost has increased considerably.

Time Overrun
It has already been more than six years since the commencement of Metronet project and many components are yet to be completed. Time overrun has increased total project cost and has delayed using services on time.

Railcar Manufacturing
The sustainability of railcar program can be realized only if the manufacturing of railcars can be done on such a scale that it can become an exporter otherwise it will not be a good investment of tax-payers money.

Aboriginal Procurement Policy 2017
The policy targets to provide 3% of State Government and Metronet contracts with value greater than $50,000 to registered Aboriginal businesses. This can be a challenging task to achieve giving the open competition method in procurement processes.

Narrative of the Case
The Public Transport Authority (PTA) is the major organization that provides public transport services in Western Australia. PTA, through its Transperth division, provides bus services, urban train transport and ferry services in the greater metropolitan area of Perth. The train service comprises more than 180km of rail serving 72 stations. The network comprises five main lines, namely the Armadale/Thornlie line, Fremantle line, Joondalup line, Midland line and Mandurah line. The Metronet project will assist the Western Australia Government’s Perth and Peel @3.5 million by providing a well-connected transport link along with new housing schemes and employment opportunities for people in the metropolitan area of Perth. The Metronet railway system in Western Australia is currently being operated and new lines are being developed to create a more integrated Perth with more transport, employment opportunities and housing. The main objective of the Metronet is to support economic growth, create better connectivity and access to jobs and businesses, create infrastructure that promote easy and accessible travel and lifestyle, create communities with a sense of support and belonging, plan for the future growth of Perth and to lead a cultural shift in the way sectors such as the government, industrial and private can work together to achieve integrated transport solutions and land use.

The Metronet is an important project in Western Australia for many reasons, the main reason is that it upgrades the current rail network by providing new trains and new stations to the system. In addition, the Metronet planned projects are a major stepping stone for the planned economic development and growth of Perth. Some of the planned stations are projected to increase housing prices as there will be more accessibility to these places. In addition, the Metronet also has generated jobs in Perth as it has created greater accessibility and with the Western Australia Railcar Program with the goal to produce 246 new C-series railcars replacing the old A-series trains and six new diesel trains, it has created jobs in train building in Western Australia which is the first time in approximately 30 years since train manufacturing was around in Western Australia.

The addition of new lines through the Metronet is predicted to generate interest in locations and influence property values particular in places in the North-East and South-East of Perth. Furthermore, places such as newer suburbs such as Brabham and Dayton will also benefit from the introduction of the new Metronet as it provides more housing options and easier travel for residents in Perth.

The Metronet project aims to connect Perth with three core strategies Gnarla Biddi Aboriginal Engagement Strategy, Public Art Strategy and Sustainability Strategy. The Gnarla Biddi Aboriginal Engagement Strategy is long-term strategy to create engagement with the Aboriginal community. The program was endorsed by the Whadjuk and Gnaala Karla Booja working parties. The strategy is supported by five engagement streams of Noongar cultural recognition, Noongar cultural input into place making, Aboriginal procurement, Aboriginal employment and land access and site management.

Public Art Strategy aims to create a legacy of transformative transport infrastructure and to create a unique identity of each station and precinct. The strategy will guide public art delivery, take creative inspiration from Perth’s Aboriginal and local history, land, locations and culture.

The Sustainability Strategy revolves around the application of high-level principles that provide a framework for transport infrastructure and station precinct projects during the planning, procurement design and construction stages.

Discussion Questions
1. How long we must wait for major infrastructures (railway tracks and stations) to be completed in the Metronet Project?

2. How will the funding for Metronet change in the future considering time and cost overrun and the state election in 2025?

3. Will the station precincts develop in the way Metronet has imagined, increasing density, job opportunities, commercial activities, and recreational activities, and when?

4. How will the WA Railcar Program shape the future of manufacturing trains and development in Western Australia?

Additional Readings
1. METRONET Station Precincts Gateway

The document analyzes the characteristics of each station precincts that will help in future development of precincts.

URL: https://www.metronet.wa.gov.au/Portals/31/METRONET%20Station%20Precincts%20Gateway.pdf?ver=4kwHHxUjmHZk2ag-at9SVA%3d%3d

2. NEWest Alliance Annual Sustainability Report 2023. Yanchep Railway Extension and Thornlie-Cockburn Link

URL: https://www.metronet.wa.gov.au/Portals/31/Project%20Documents/Thornlie-Cockburn%20Link/2023%20Annual%20Sustainability%20Report%20-%20Thornlie-Cockburn%20Link%20and%20Yanchep%20Rail%20Extension.pdf

3. New Midland Station SUMMARY PROJECT DEFINITION PLAN NOVEMBER 2020

URL: https://www.metronet.wa.gov.au/Portals/31/Project%20Documents/Midland%20Station/Midland%20Station%20Project%20Definition%20Plan.pdf

4. Morley Station Precinct Concept Master Plan

URL: https://www.metronet.wa.gov.au/Portals/31/Project%20Documents/Morley-Ellenbrook%20Line/Morley%20Station%20Precinct%20Concept%20Master%20Plan%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf


text:
User talk:185.57.33.98

April 2024
MathXplore (discuss • contribs) 08:57, 18 April 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:185.57.33.98


text:
User talk:86.12.130.33

April 2024
MathXplore (discuss • contribs) 11:42, 18 April 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:86.12.130.33


text:
Mechanics of Materials/Background

This Wikibook is to provide living content for an undergraduate course in mechanics of materials or strength of materials. The material here will eventually be of sufficient quality and interest for self-learning or prescribed study by instructors/faculty members. One objective is that the material here would facilitate in-class discussions, group projects, or problem-solving that would leverage the instructors' expertise to enhance learning outcomes. Another objective is to facilitate students, instructors, professionals, and interested users adding/curating content to accommodate learning styles that might benefit from a spectrum of insights coming from learners and teachers with diverse backgrounds. The course will draw on material openly available with inspiration from key relevant texts. There is also a crowd-sourced mind map available (needs updating) on GitHub for this Wikibook on undergraduate mechanics of materials.

title: Mechanics of Materials/Background


text:
User:Nolshru

WHOA! a wikibooks user page!

they/them pronouns please, but otherwise, no truly vital information to put here, sorry

title: User:Nolshru


text:
Catholicism/Glossary

Numerical

 * 7 Deadly sins

 * 7 Gifts of the Holy Spirit

 * 7 Sacraments

 * 8 Beatitudes

 * 10 Commandments

Sacred Spaces

 * Basilica

 * Cemetery

 * Church

 * Pilgrimage site

 * Scriptorium

 * Shrine

Terms of Opposition

 * Apostate

 * Concupiscence

 * Heretic

Phrases

 * Deo gratias

 * Mea culpa

 * Quis ut Deus?

Abbreviations

 * USCCB (United States Conference of Catholic Bishops)

title: Catholicism/Glossary


text:
User talk:27.2.96.247

April 2024
MathXplore (discuss • contribs) 01:53, 19 April 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:27.2.96.247


text:
User talk:2600:6C60:5DF0:DF0:FD49:189E:FCC7:E0BE

You cannot edit for 7 days due to disruptive editing. You are welcome to contribute constructively when editing privileges are restored. You may appeal this action with a reasonable argument by adding the text below.