located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity adams river 
___MASK37___ ((), officially the Republic ___MASK95___ ___MASK37___ , is an island country in Melanesia in the South Pacific Ocean about northeast ___MASK95___ New Zealand ' s North Island . Its closest neighbours are Vanuatu to the west , New Caledonia to the southwest , New Zealand ' s Kermadec Islands to the southeast , Tonga to the east , the Samoas and France ' s Wallis and Futuna to the northeast , and ___MASK22___ to the north . The Wanganui ___MASK76___ is in the ___MASK13___ Coast ___MASK95___ the South Island ___MASK95___ New Zealand . It flows northwest for from its headwaters in the Southern Alps , entering the Tasman Sea near Lake Ianthe , southwest ___MASK95___ Hokitika . The ___MASK50___ Island or Te Waipounamu (" Mori ") is the larger ___MASK95___ the two major islands ___MASK95___ New Zealand , the other being the smaller but more populous North Island . It is bordered to the north by Cook Strait , to the west by the Tasman Sea , and to the south and east by the Pacific Ocean . The ___MASK50___ Island covers and is influenced by a temperate climate . The ___MASK17___ is the largest ___MASK95___ the Earth ' s oceanic divisions . It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean ( or , depending on definition , to Antarctica ) in the south and is bounded by Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east . New ___MASK65___ is a special collectivity ___MASK95___ France located in the southwest Pacific Ocean , east ___MASK95___ Australia and east ___MASK95___ Metropolitan France . The archipelago , part ___MASK95___ the Melanesia subregion , includes the main island ___MASK95___ Grande Terre , the Loyalty Islands , the Chesterfield Islands , the Belep archipelago , the Isle ___MASK95___ Pines , and a few remote islets . The Chesterfield Islands are in the Coral Sea . Locals refer to Grande Terre as "" (" the pebble "). In geography , temperate or tepid latitudes ___MASK95___ Earth lie between the tropics and the polar regions . The temperatures in these regions are generally relatively moderate , rather than extremely hot or cold , and the changes between summer and winter are also usually moderate . The Adams ___MASK76___ is in the ___MASK50___ Island ___MASK95___ New Zealand . The headwaters are on the western side ___MASK95___ the Southern Alps . It flows into the Wanganui ___MASK76___ . Hokitika is a township in the ___MASK58___ of New Zealand ' s South Island , south of Greymouth , and close to the mouth of the Hokitika River . According to the 2013 census , the usually - resident population of the Hokitika urban area was 2 , 967 , a decrease of 111 people since 2006 . There are 876 people living in rural Hokitika , an increase of 48 people since the 2006 Census . On a clear day Aoraki / Mount Cook can clearly be seen from Hokitika ' s main street . ___MASK74___ is a city in the ___MASK54___ Island ___MASK95___ New Zealand . It is the most populous urban area in the country . ___MASK74___ has a population ___MASK95___ , which constitutes percent ___MASK95___ New Zealand ' s population . It is part ___MASK95___ the wider ___MASK74___ Region  the area governed by the ___MASK74___ Council  which also includes outlying rural areas and the islands ___MASK95___ the Hauraki Gulf , resulting in a total population ___MASK95___ . ___MASK74___ also has the largest Polynesian population ___MASK95___ any city in the world . The Mori language name for ___MASK74___ is or , meaning " Tmaki with a hundred lovers ", in reference to the desirability ___MASK95___ its fertile land at the hub ___MASK95___ waterways in all directions . It has also been called karana , the Mori enunciation ___MASK95___ " ___MASK74___ ". Lake Ianthe / Matahi is a lake located on the ___MASK13___ Coast ___MASK95___ New Zealand ' s South Island . A number ___MASK95___ small streams flow into the lake and it empties into the Wanganui River . It is close to the coast and near the rural settlements ___MASK95___ Pukekura and Hari Hari , and State Highway 6 runs along the eastern shore ___MASK95___ the lake on its route between Ross and the Franz Josef Glacier . ___MASK1___ is an island nation in the southwestern ___MASK17___ . The country geographically comprises two main landmasses  that ___MASK95___ the North Island , or Te Ika - a - Mui , and the South Island , or Te Waipounamu  and numerous smaller islands . ___MASK1___ is situated some east ___MASK95___ Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly south ___MASK95___ the Pacific island areas ___MASK95___ New Caledonia , Fiji , and Tonga . Because ___MASK95___ its remoteness , it was one ___MASK95___ the last lands to be settled by humans . During its long period ___MASK95___ isolation , ___MASK1___ developed a distinct biodiversity ___MASK95___ animal , fungal and plant life . The country ' s varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks , such as the Southern Alps , owe much to the tectonic uplift ___MASK95___ land and volcanic eruptions . ___MASK1___ ' s capital city is Wellington , while its most populous city is Auckland . Climate is the statistics ___MASK95___ weather , usually over a 30 - year interval . It is measured by assessing the patterns ___MASK95___ variation in temperature , humidity , atmospheric pressure , wind , precipitation , atmospheric particle count and other meteorological variables in a given region over long periods ___MASK95___ time . Climate differs from weather , in that weather only describes the short - term conditions ___MASK95___ these variables in a given region . The Tasman Sea ( Mori : " Te Tai - o - Rehua ") is a marginal sea ___MASK95___ the South Pacific Ocean , situated between Australia and New Zealand . It measures about across and about from north to south . The sea was named after the Dutch explorer Abel Janszoon Tasman , who was the first recorded European to encounter New Zealand and Tasmania . The British explorer Captain James Cook later extensively navigated the Tasman Sea in the 1770s as part ___MASK95___ his first voyage ___MASK95___ exploration . Tectonic uplift is the portion ___MASK95___ the total geologic uplift ___MASK95___ the mean Earth surface that is not attributable to an isostatic response to unloading . While isostatic response is important , an increase in the mean elevation ___MASK95___ a region can only occur in response to tectonic processes ___MASK95___ crustal thickening ( such as mountain building events ), changes in the density distribution ___MASK95___ the crust and underlying mantle , and flexural support due to the bending ___MASK95___ rigid lithosphere . ___MASK75___ ( or ; Tongan : " Puleanga Fakatui o ___MASK75___ "), officially the Kingdom ___MASK95___ ___MASK75___ , is a Polynesian sovereign state and archipelago comprising 169 islands ___MASK95___ which 36 are inhabited . The total surface area is about scattered over ___MASK95___ the southern Pacific Ocean . It has a population ___MASK95___ 103 , 000 people ___MASK95___ whom 70 % reside on the main island ___MASK95___ Tongatapu . The ___MASK54___ Island or Te Ika - a - Mui (" Mori ") is one ___MASK95___ the two main islands ___MASK95___ New Zealand , separated from the slightly larger but much less populous South Island by Cook Strait . The island ' s area is , making it the world ' s 14th - largest island . It has a population ___MASK95___ ___MASK98___ is the capital city and second most populous urban area ___MASK95___ New Zealand , with residents . It is at the south - western tip ___MASK95___ the North Island , between Cook Strait and the Rimutaka Range . ___MASK98___ is the major population centre ___MASK95___ the southern North Island and is the administrative centre ___MASK95___ the ___MASK98___ Region , which also includes the Kapiti Coast and Wairarapa . As the nation ' s capital city , the New Zealand Government and Parliament , Supreme Court and most ___MASK95___ the civil service are based in the city . Cook Strait lies between the ___MASK54___ and South Islands ___MASK95___ New Zealand . It connects the Tasman Sea on the northwest with the South Pacific Ocean on the southeast , and runs next to the capital city , Wellington . It is wide at its narrowest point , and is considered one ___MASK95___ the most dangerous and unpredictable waters in the world . Rats are various medium - sized , long - tailed rodents ___MASK95___ the superfamily Muroidea . " True rats " are members ___MASK95___ the genus " Rattus ", the most important ___MASK95___ which to humans are the black rat , " Rattus rattus ", and the brown rat , " Rattus norvegicus ". Many members ___MASK95___ other rodent genera and families are also referred to as rats , and share many characteristics with true rats . The Southern Alps ( Mori : K Tiritiri o te Moana ) are a ___MASK94___ range extending along much ___MASK95___ the length ___MASK95___ New Zealand ' s South Island , reaching its greatest elevations near the island ' s western side . The term " Southern Alps " generally refers to the entire range , although separate names are given to many ___MASK95___ the smaller ranges that form part ___MASK95___ it . ___MASK21___ , officially the Commonwealth ___MASK95___ ___MASK21___ , is a country comprising the mainland ___MASK95___ the Australian continent , the island ___MASK95___ Tasmania and numerous smaller islands . It is the world ' s sixth - largest country by total area . The neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea , Indonesia and East Timor to the north ; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north - east ; and New Zealand to the south - east . ___MASK21___ ' s capital is Canberra , and its largest urban area is Sydney .