instance_of piti 
Oceania ( or ), also known as Oceanica , is a ___MASK72___ centred on the islands of the tropical Pacific ___MASK98___ . Opinions of what constitutes Oceania range from its ___MASK79___ subregions of Melanesia , Micronesia , and Polynesia to , more broadly , the entire insular ___MASK72___ between Southeast Asia and the Americas , including Australasia and the Malay Archipelago . North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost ___MASK72___ of Africa . The United Nations ___MASK76___ of " North Africa " includes ___MASK53___ countries and territories ; Algeria , Egypt , Libya , Mauritania , Morocco , Sudan , Tunisia , and Western Sahara . The countries of Algeria , Morocco , Tunisia , and Libya are often collectively referred to as the Maghreb , which is the Arabic word for " sunset ". Egypt lies to the northeast and encompasses part of West Asia , while Sudan is situated on the edge of the Sahel , to the south of Egypt . The Turkic languages are a ___MASK16___ ___MASK96___ of at least thirty - ___MASK3___ languages , spoken by ___MASK51___ from Southeastern Europe and the Mediterranean to Siberia and Western China . The Turkic languages originated in a region spanning Western China to Mongolia from where it expanded to Central Asia and farther west . The Caspian ___MASK87___ is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area , variously classed as the world ' s largest lake or a full - fledged ___MASK87___ . It is in an ___MASK26___ ( it has no outflows ) located between Europe and Asia . It is bound by Kazakhstan to the northeast , Russia to the northwest , Azerbaijan to the west , Iran to the south , and Turkmenistan to the southeast . China , officially the ___MASK27___ ' s ___MASK61___ of China ( PRC ), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia . With a population of over ___MASK34___ . 381 billion , it is the world ' s most populous country . The state is governed by the Communist Party of China , and its capital is Beijing . It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces , five autonomous regions , four direct - controlled municipalities ( Beijing , Tianjin , Shanghai , and Chongqing ), and two mostly self - governing special administrative regions ( Hong Kong and Macau ), and claims sovereignty over Taiwan . The country ' s major urban areas include Shanghai , Guangzhou , Beijing , Chongqing , Shenzhen , Tianjin and Hong Kong . China is a great power and a major regional power within Asia , and has been characterized as a potential superpower . Afghanistan ( Pashto / Dari : , " Afnistn "), officially the Islamic ___MASK61___ of Afghanistan , is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia . It has a population of approximately 32 million , making it the 42nd most populous country in the world . It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east ; Iran in the west ; Turkmenistan , Uzbekistan , and Tajikistan in the north ; and China in the far northeast . Its territory covers , making it the 41st largest country in the world . A ___MASK89___ is one of several very large landmasses on Earth . Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria , up to seven regions are commonly regarded as continents . Ordered from largest in size to smallest , they are : Asia , Africa , North America , South America , Antarctica , Europe , and Australia . In geology , areas of continental crust include regions covered with water . Russia ( from the  Rus '), also officially known as the Russian ___MASK64___ , is a country in Eurasia . At , Russia is the largest country in the world by ___MASK82___ area , covering more than one - eighth of the Earth ' s inhabited land area , and the ninth most populous , with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016 . The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern , about 77 % of the population live in European Russia . Russia ' s capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world , other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg , Novosibirsk , Yekaterinburg , Nizhny Novgorod and Samara . Siberia is an extensive ___MASK75___ ___MASK72___ , and by the broadest ___MASK76___ is also known as North Asia . Siberia has historically been a ___MASK78___ of Russia since the 17th ___MASK13___ . The ___MASK51___ are a collection of ethnic groups that live in central , eastern , northern , and western Asia as well as parts of eastern Europe . They speak languages belonging to the Turkic language family . They share , to varying degrees , certain cultural traits and historical backgrounds . The term " Turkic " represents a broad ethno - linguistic group of peoples including existing societies such as Altai , Azerbaijanis , Balkars , Bashkirs , Chuvashes , Crimean Karaites , Gagauz , Karachays , Karakalpaks , Kazakhs , Khakas , Krymchaks , Kyrgyz people , Nogais , Qashqai , Tatars , Turkmens , Turkish people , Tuvans , Uyghurs , Uzbeks , and Yakuts and as well as ancient and medieval states such as Dingling , Bulgars , Alat , Basmyl , Onogurs , Shatuo , Chuban , Göktürks , Oghuz Turks , Kankalis , Khazars , Khiljis , Kipchaks , Kumans , Karluks , Bahri Mamluks , Ottoman Turks , Seljuk Turks , Tiele , Timurids , Turgeshes , Yenisei Kirghiz , and possibly Huns , Tuoba , and Xiongnu . The Caucasus or Caucasia is a ___MASK72___ at the ___MASK84___ of Europe and Asia , situated between the Black and the Caspian seas . Eurasia is the combined continental ___MASK5___ of Europe and Asia . The ___MASK12___ is a portmanteau of its constituent continents . Located primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres , it is bordered by the Atlantic ___MASK98___ to the west , the Pacific ___MASK98___ to the east , the Arctic ___MASK98___ to the north , and by Africa , the Mediterranean ___MASK87___ , and the Indian ___MASK98___ to the south . The division between Europe and Asia as two different continents is a historical and cultural construct , with no clear physical separation between them ; thus , in some parts of the world , Eurasia is recognized as the largest of five or six continents . In geology , Eurasia is often considered as a ___MASK65___ rigid megablock . However , the rigidity of Eurasia is debated based on the paleomagnet data . In everyday usage , a vegetable is any ___MASK78___ of a plant that is consumed by humans as ___MASK30___ as ___MASK78___ of a savory meal . The term " vegetable " is somewhat arbitrary , and largely defined through culinary and cultural tradition . It normally excludes other ___MASK30___ derived from plants such as fruits , nuts , and cereal grains , but includes seeds such as pulses . The original meaning of the word " vegetable ", still used in biology , was to describe all types of plant , as in the terms " vegetable kingdom " and " vegetable matter ". Piti is a soup in the cuisines of the Caucasus , it ' s bordering nations , and Central Asia , and is prepared in the oven in individual crocks with a glazed interior ( called piti in Turkic languages ) . It is made with mutton and vegetables ( tomatoes , potatoes , chickpeas ) , infused with saffron ___MASK25___ to add flavour and colour , all covered by a lump of fat , and cooked in a sealed crock . Piti is served in the crock , usually accompanied by an additional plate for `` disassembling '' the meat and the liquid part with vegetables , which may be eaten separately as the first ( soup with vegs ) and second ( meat ) course meal . Piti is particularly popular in Azerbaijan , Iran ( where it is mostly called Dizi or Abgusht ) , Tajikistan , and Armenia ( where it is called putuk from the Armenian word for crock ) . In Azerbaijan , Piti is eaten in two steps . First , bread is crumpled in the additional plate and sprinkled with a purple mix of spices . Then , the broth is poured over it and the resulting mixture is consumed as a hearty soup . Second , more crumpled bread is added to the same plate and the remainder of the Piti ( the lump of mutton fat , the meat and the vegetables ) is poured over , sprinkled with the same spices , mixed together so as to break down the fat and then eaten . North America is a ___MASK89___ entirely within the Northern Hemisphere and almost all within the Western Hemisphere . It can also be considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas . It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean , to the east by the Atlantic Ocean , to the west and south by the Pacific Ocean , and to the southeast by South America and the Caribbean Sea . A ___MASK16___ ___MASK96___ is a ___MASK7___ related through descent from a common " ancestral ___MASK16___ " or " parental ___MASK16___ ", called the proto - ___MASK16___ of that ___MASK96___ . The term ' ___MASK96___ ' reflects the tree model of ___MASK16___ origination in historical linguistics , which makes use of a metaphor comparing languages to people in a biological ___MASK96___ tree , or in a subsequent modification , to species in a phylogenetic tree of evolutionary taxonomy . Linguists therefore describe the " daughter languages " within a ___MASK16___ ___MASK96___ as being " genetically related ". Central Asia or Middle Asia is the core ___MASK72___ of the Asian ___MASK89___ and stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to China in the east and from Afghanistan in the south to Russia in the north . It is also colloquially referred to as " the ' stans " ( as the six countries generally considered to be within the ___MASK72___ all have names ending with the Persian suffix "- stan ", meaning " land of ") and is within the scope of the wider Eurasian ___MASK89___ . Saffron ( pronounced or ) is a ___MASK49___ derived from the ___MASK23___ of " Crocus sativus ", commonly known as the " saffron crocus ". Saffron crocus grows to and bears up to four flowers , each with three vivid crimson stigmas , which are the distal end of a carpel . The styles and stigmas , called threads , are collected and dried to be used mainly as a seasoning and colouring agent in ___MASK30___ . Saffron , long among the world ' s most costly spices by weight , is native to Southwest Asia and was probably first cultivated in or near Greece . As a genetically monomorphic clone , it was slowly propagated throughout much of Eurasia and was later brought to parts of North Africa , North America , and Oceania . Seasoning is the ___MASK94___ of adding salt , herbs , or spices to ___MASK30___ to enhance the flavor . Crocus sativus , commonly known as saffron crocus , or autumn crocus , is a ___MASK88___ of flowering plant of the " Crocus " ___MASK55___ in the Iridaceae family . It is best known for the spice saffron , which is produced from parts of the flowers . Asia is Earth ' s largest and most populous ___MASK89___ , located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres and sharing the continental landmass of Eurasia with the ___MASK89___ of Europe . Asia covers an area of , about 30 % of Earth ' s total land area and 8 . 7 % of the Earth ' s total surface area . The ___MASK89___ , which has long been home to the majority of the human population , was the site of many of the first civilizations . Asia is notable for not only its overall large size and population , but also dense and large settlements as well as vast barely populated regions within the ___MASK89___ of 4 . 4 billion people . Europe is a ___MASK89___ that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia . Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north , the Atlantic Ocean to the west , and the Mediterranean Sea to the south . To the east and southeast , Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains , the Ural River , the Caspian and Black Seas , and the waterways of the Turkish Straits . Yet the non - oceanic borders of Europe  a concept dating back to classical antiquity  are arbitrary . The primarily physiographic term " ___MASK89___ " as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the ___MASK89___ ' s current overland boundaries . ___MASK49___ (" ___MASK1___ Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis ") is a general - purpose , open source analog ___MASK86___ simulator . It is a program used in integrated circuit and board - level design to check the integrity of circuit designs and to predict circuit behavior .