mouth_of_the_watercourse ruvuma river
An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it , and with a free connection to the open ___MASK89___ . The Democratic Republic of the Congo , also known as DR Congo , DRC , DROC , East Congo , Congo - Kinshasa , or simply the Congo is a country located in Central Africa . From 1971 to 1997 it was named , and is sometimes still called Zaire , and from 1908 to 1960 it was called the Belgian Congo . The DRC borders the Central African Republic , and South Sudan to the north ; Uganda , Rwanda , Burundi and Tanzania to the east ; Zambia and Angola to the south ; the Republic of the Congo to the west and the ___MASK72___ to the southwest . It is the second - largest country in Africa by area and eleventh largest in the world . With a population of over 80 million , the Democratic Republic of the Congo is the most populated officially Francophone country , the fourth most - populated nation in Africa and the eighteenth most populated country in the world . Zimbabwe , officially the Republic of Zimbabwe , is a landlocked country located in southern Africa , between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers . It is bordered by South Africa to the south , Botswana to the west and southwest , Zambia to the northwest , and Mozambique to the east and northeast . Although it does not border Namibia , less than 200 metres of the ___MASK3___ separates it from that country . The capital and largest city is Harare . A country of roughly 13 million people , Zimbabwe has 16 official languages , with English , Shona , and Ndebele the most commonly used . A drainage basin or catchment basin is an extent or an area of land where all surface water from rain , melting snow , or ice converges to a single point at a lower elevation , usually the exit of the basin , where the waters join another body of water , such as a river , lake , reservoir , estuary , wetland , ___MASK89___ , or ocean . Thus if a tributary stream joins a brook that in turn joins a small river which is a tributary of a larger river , there is a series of successively larger ( and lower elevation ) drainage basins . For instance , the Missouri and Ohio rivers are within their own drainage basins and also within the drainage basin of the Mississippi River . An ocean ( the ___MASK89___ of classical antiquity ) is a body of saline water that composes much of a planet ' s hydrosphere . On Earth , an ocean is one of the major conventional divisions of the World Ocean , which covers almost 71 % of its surface . These are , in descending order by area , the Pacific , Atlantic , Indian , Southern ( Antarctic ), and Arctic Oceans . The word " ___MASK89___ " is often used interchangeably with " ocean " in American English but , strictly speaking , a ___MASK89___ is a body of saline water ( generally a division of the world ocean ) partly or fully enclosed by land . The ___MASK12___ ( French : Canal du Mozambique , Malagasy : Lakandranon ' i Mozambika , Portuguese : Canal de Moçambique ) is an arm of the ___MASK16___ located between Madagascar and Mozambique . The channel is about long and across at its narrowest point , and reaches a depth of about off the coast of Mozambique . A warm current , the Mozambique Current , flows in a southward direction in the channel , leading into the Agulhas Current off the east coast of South Africa . The ___MASK16___ is the third largest of the world ' s oceanic divisions , covering ( approximately 20 % of the water on the Earth ' s surface ). It is bounded by Asia on the north , on the west by Africa , on the east by Australia , and on the south by the ___MASK48___ or , depending on definition , by Antarctica . It is named after the country of India . The ___MASK16___ is known as " Ratnkara ", "" the mine of gems "" in ancient Sanskrit literature , and as " Hind Mahsgar ", "" the great Indian ___MASK89___ "", in Hindi . India , officially the Republic of India (" Bhrat Gaarjya "), is a country in South Asia . It is the seventh - largest country by area , the second - most populous country ( with over 1 . 2 billion people ), and the most populous democracy in the world . It is bounded by the ___MASK16___ on the south , the Arabian ___MASK89___ on the southwest , and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast . It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west ; China , Nepal , and Bhutan to the northeast ; and Myanmar ( Burma ) and Bangladesh to the east . In the ___MASK16___ , India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives . India ' s Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia . Its capital is New Delhi ; other metropolises include Mumbai , Kolkata , Chennai , Bangalore , Hyderabad and Ahmedabad . ___MASK82___ (, " Baygal nuur ", etymologically meaning , in Mongolian , " the Nature Lake ") is a rift lake in Russia , located in southern Siberia , between Irkutsk Oblast to the northwest and the Buryat Republic to the southeast . Kenya , officially the Republic of Kenya , is a country in Africa and a founding member of the East African Community ( EAC ). Its capital and largest city is Nairobi . Kenya ' s territory lies on the equator and overlies the East African Rift covering a diverse and expansive terrain that extends roughly from ___MASK60___ to Lake Turkana ( formerly called Lake Rudolf ) and further south - east to the ___MASK16___ . It is bordered by Tanzania to the south and southwest , Uganda to the west , South Sudan to the north - west , Ethiopia to the north and Somalia to the north - east . Kenya covers , and had a population of approximately 45 million people in July 2014 . South Africa , officially the Republic of South Africa ( RSA ), is the southernmost country in Africa . It is bounded on the south by of coastline of Southern Africa stretching along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans , on the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia , Botswana and Zimbabwe , and on the east and northeast by Mozambique and Swaziland , and surrounding the kingdom of Lesotho . South Africa is the 25th - largest country in the world by land area , and with close to 56 million people , is the world ' s 24th - most populous nation . It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World or the Eastern Hemisphere . It is the only country that borders both the ___MASK72___ and the ___MASK16___ . About 80 percent of South Africans are of Sub - Saharan African ancestry , divided among a variety of ethnic groups speaking different Bantu languages , nine of which have official status . The remaining population consists of Africa ' s largest communities of European ( white ), Asian ( Indian ), and multiracial ( coloured ) ancestry . Mount Kilimanjaro , with its three volcanic cones , " Kibo ", " Mawenzi ", and " Shira ", is a dormant volcano in Tanzania . It is the highest mountain in Africa , and rises approximately 4 , 900 m ( 16 , 000 ft ) from its base to above ___MASK89___ level . The first recorded ascent to the summit of the mountain was by Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller in 1889 . The mountain is part of the Kilimanjaro National Park and is a major climbing destination . The mountain has been the subject of many scientific studies because of its shrinking glaciers . Ruvuma River , formerly also known as the Rovuma River , is a river in the African Great Lakes region . During the greater part of its course , it forms the border between Tanzania and Mozambique ( in Mozambique known as Rio Rovuma ) . The river is 800 kilometres ( 497 mi ) long , with a drainage basin 155 , 500 square kilometres ( 60 , 000 sq mi ) in size . Its mean annual discharge is 475 m³ / s ( 16 , 774 cfs ) at its mouth . Madagascar , officially the Republic of Madagascar , and previously known as the Malagasy Republic , is an island country in the ___MASK16___ , off the coast of Southeast Africa . The nation comprises the island of Madagascar ( the fourth - largest island in the world ), and numerous smaller peripheral islands . Following the prehistoric breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana , Madagascar split from the Indian peninsula around 88 million years ago , allowing native plants and animals to evolve in relative isolation . Consequently , Madagascar is a biodiversity hotspot ; over 90 % of its wildlife is found nowhere ___MASK13___ on Earth . The island ' s diverse ecosystems and unique wildlife are threatened by the encroachment of the rapidly growing human population and other environmental threats . A river is a natural flowing watercourse , usually freshwater , flowing towards an ocean , ___MASK89___ , lake or another river . In some cases a river flows into the ground and becomes dry at the end of its course without reaching another body of water . Small rivers can be referred to using names such as stream , creek , brook , rivulet , and rill . There are no official definitions for the generic term river as applied to geographic features , although in some countries or communities a stream is defined by its size . Many names for small rivers are specific to geographic location ; examples are " run " in some parts of the United States , " burn " in Scotland and northeast England , and " beck " in northern England . Sometimes a river is defined as being larger than a creek , but not always : the language is vague . Burundi ( or ), officially the Republic of Burundi ( or ), is a landlocked country in the African Great Lakes region of East Africa , bordered by Rwanda to the north , Tanzania to the east and south , and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west . It is also considered part of Central Africa . Burundi ' s capital is Bujumbura . The southwestern border is adjacent to ___MASK8___ . ___MASK60___ (' in Luo ; ' in Luganda ; "" in Kinyarwanda and some Bantu languages ) is one of the African Great Lakes . The lake was named after Queen Victoria by the explorer John Hanning Speke , the first Briton to document it . Speke accomplished this in 1858 , while on an expedition with Richard Francis Burton to locate the source of the ___MASK78___ River . The ___MASK15___ is the chief river of the largest drainage system on the North American continent . Flowing entirely in the United States ( although its drainage basin reaches into Canada ), it rises in northern Minnesota and meanders slowly southwards for to the ___MASK15___ Delta at the ___MASK99___ . With its many tributaries , the Mississippi ' s watershed drains all or parts of 31 U . S . states and 2 Canadian provinces between the Rocky and Appalachian Mountains . The Mississippi ranks as the fourth longest and fifteenth largest river in the world by discharge . The river either borders or passes through the states of Minnesota , Wisconsin , Iowa , Illinois , Missouri , Kentucky , Tennessee , Arkansas , Mississippi , and Louisiana . Tanzania , officially the United Republic of Tanzania , is a country in Eastern Africa within the African Great Lakes region . Parts of the country are in Southern Africa . It is bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north ; Rwanda , Burundi , and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west ; Zambia , Malawi , and Mozambique to the south ; and by the ___MASK16___ to the east . Mount Kilimanjaro , Africa ' s highest mountain , is in northeastern Tanzania . Malawi ( or ; or [ maláwi ]), officially the Republic of Malawi , is a landlocked country in southeast Africa that was formerly known as Nyasaland . It is bordered by Zambia to the northwest , Tanzania to the northeast , and Mozambique on the east , south and west . The country is separated from Tanzania and Mozambique by ___MASK6___ . Malawi is over with an estimated population of 16 , 777 , 547 ( July 2013 est .). Its capital is Lilongwe , which is also Malawi ' s largest city ; the second largest is Blantyre , the third is Mzuzu and the fourth largest is its old capital Zomba . The name Malawi comes from the Maravi , an old name of the Nyanja people that inhabit the area . The country is also nicknamed " The Warm Heart of Africa ". ___MASK8___ is an African Great Lake . It is estimated to be the second largest freshwater lake in the world by volume , and the second deepest , in both cases , after only Lake Baikal in Siberia ; it is also the world ' s longest freshwater lake . The lake is divided among four countries  Tanzania , Democratic Republic of the Congo ( DRC ), Burundi , and Zambia , with Tanzania ( 46 %) and DRC ( 40 %) possessing the majority of the lake . The water flows into the Congo River system and ultimately into the ___MASK72___ . A ___MASK89___ is a large body of salt water that is surrounded in whole or in part by land . More broadly , " the ___MASK89___ " is the interconnected system of Earth ' s salty , oceanic waters  considered as one global ocean or as several principal oceanic divisions . The ___MASK89___ moderates Earth ' s climate and has important roles in the water cycle , carbon cycle , and nitrogen cycle . Although the ___MASK89___ has been traveled and explored since prehistory , the modern scientific study of the ___MASK89___  oceanography  dates broadly to the British " Challenger " expedition of the 1870s . The ___MASK89___ is conventionally divided into up to five large oceanic sections  including the International Hydrographic Organization ' s four named oceans ( the Atlantic , Pacific , Indian , and Arctic ) and the Southern Ocean ; smaller , second - order sections , such as the Mediterranean , are known as " seas ". Maputo , known as Lourenço Marques before independence , is the capital and largest city of Mozambique . It is known as the " City of Acacias ", in reference to acacia trees commonly found along its avenues , and the " Pearl of the ___MASK16___ ". Today , it is a port city , with its economy centered on the harbour . According to the 2007 census , the population is 1 , 766 , 184 . Cotton , sugar , chromite , sisal , copra , and hardwood are the chief exports . The city manufactures cement , pottery , furniture , shoes , and rubber . The city is surrounded by Maputo Province , but is administered as its own province . Mozambique ( or ), officially the Republic of Mozambique ( or "") is a country in Southeast Africa bordered by the ___MASK16___ to the east , Tanzania to the north , Malawi and Zambia to the northwest , Zimbabwe to the west , and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest . It is separated from Madagascar by the ___MASK12___ to the east . The capital and largest city is Maputo ( known as " Lourenço Marques " before independence ). The African Great Lakes are a series of lakes constituting the part of the Rift Valley lakes in and around the East African Rift . They include ___MASK60___ , the second largest fresh water lake in the world by area , and ___MASK8___ , the world ' s second largest freshwater lake by volume and depth . Collectively , they contain 31 , 000 km ( 7400 cu mi ) of water , which is more than either Lake Baikal or the North American Great Lakes , and constitutes about 25 % of the planet ' s unfrozen surface fresh water . Uganda ( or ), officially the Republic of Uganda , is a landlocked country in East Africa . It is bordered to the east by Kenya , to the north by South Sudan , to the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo , to the south - west by Rwanda , and to the south by Tanzania . Uganda is the world ' s second most populous landlocked country after Ethiopia . The southern part of the country includes a substantial portion of ___MASK60___ , shared with Kenya and Tanzania . Uganda is in the African Great Lakes region . Uganda also lies within the ___MASK78___ basin , and has a varied but generally a modified equatorial climate .