part_of india at the 2009 asian martial arts games
Indonesia ( or ; Indonesian : ), officially ___MASK77___ of Indonesia , is a unitary ___MASK9___ and transcontinental country located mainly in Southeast ___MASK95___ with some territories in Oceania . Situated between the Indian and Pacific oceans , it is the world ' s largest island country , with more than seventeen thousand islands . At , Indonesia is the world ' s 14th - largest country in terms of land area and world ' s 7th - largest country in terms of combined sea and land area . It has an estimated population of over 260 million people and is the world ' s fourth most populous country , the most populous Austronesian nation , as well as the most populous Muslim - majority country . The world ' s most populous island of Java contains more than half of the country ' s population . Kolkata (, also known as Calcutta , the official ___MASK18___ until 2001 ) is the capital of the Indian ___MASK92___ of West Bengal . Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River , it is the principal commercial , cultural , and educational centre of East India , while the ___MASK86___ of Kolkata is India ' s oldest operating ___MASK86___ and its sole major riverine ___MASK86___ . In 2011 , the ___MASK49___ had population of 4 . 5 million , while the population of the ___MASK49___ and its suburbs was 14 . 1 million , making it the third - most populous metropolitan area in India . In 2008 its gross domestic product ( adjusted for purchasing power parity ) was estimated to be 104 billion , which was the third highest among Indian cities , behind Mumbai and Delhi . Bangkok is the capital and most populous ___MASK49___ of Thailand . It is known in Thai as " Krung Thep Maha Nakhon " ( pronounced ) or simply . The ___MASK49___ occupies in the Chao Phraya River delta in Central Thailand , and has a population of over 8 million , or 12 . 6 percent of the country ' s population . Over 14 million people ( 22 . 2 percent ) live within the surrounding Bangkok Metropolitan Region , making Bangkok an extreme primate ___MASK49___ , significantly dwarfing Thailand ' s other urban centres in terms of importance . There are 581 high - rise buildings in the ___MASK49___ , ranking number 5 in the world . Sri Lanka ( or ; Sinhalese :         ', Tamil :     " Ilakai "), officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( formerly known as Ceylon ), is an island ___MASK38___ in South ___MASK95___ near south - east India . Sri Lanka has maritime borders with India to the northwest and the Maldives to the southwest . The ___MASK34___ of Bengal , the largest ___MASK34___ in the world , forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean . Roughly triangular , it is bordered mostly by India and Sri Lanka to the west , Bangladesh to the north , and Myanmar ( Burma ) and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands ( India ) to the east . The Asian ___MASK5___ Games , also known as AMG , is a Pancontinental multi - sport event held every four years among athletes from all over ___MASK95___ , after the merger of the Asian Indoor Games and the Asian ___MASK5___ Games . The Games have been organized by the Olympic Council of ___MASK95___ ( OCA ). The Games are described as the second largest multi - sport event after the ___MASK82___ . ___MASK55___ , officially the Republic of ___MASK55___ (" Bhrat Gaarjya "), is a country in South ___MASK95___ . It is the seventh - largest country by area , the second - most populous country ( with over 1 . 2 billion people ), and the most populous democracy in the world . It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south , the Arabian Sea on the southwest , and the ___MASK34___ of Bengal on the southeast . It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west ; China , Nepal , and Bhutan to the northeast ; and Myanmar ( Burma ) and Bangladesh to the east . In the Indian Ocean , ___MASK55___ is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives . ___MASK55___ ' s Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia . Its capital is New Delhi ; other metropolises include Mumbai , Kolkata , Chennai , Bangalore , Hyderabad and Ahmedabad . ___MASK85___ ("" literally " rule of the commoners "), in modern usage , is a ___MASK19___ of ___MASK76___ in which the citizens exercise power directly or elect representatives from among themselves to form a governing body , such as a ___MASK14___ . ___MASK85___ is sometimes referred to as " rule of the majority ". ___MASK85___ was originally conceived in Classical Greece , where political representatives were chosen by a jury from amongst the male citizens : rich and poor . The Andaman and Nicobar ___MASK44___ , one of the seven union territories of ___MASK55___ , are a group of islands at the juncture of the ___MASK34___ of Bengal and Andaman Sea . The 1st Asian ___MASK5___ Games were held in Bangkok , Thailand from August 1 , 2009 to August 9 , 2009 in 9 sports . Due to Political crisis in Thailand And 2009 Swine Flu , the Bangkok Asian ___MASK5___ Games Organizing Committee ( BAMAGOC ) and the National Olympic Committee ( NOC ) of Thailand decided that Asian ___MASK5___ Games moved from the original schedule of April ___MASK42___ to ___MASK41___ 3 now on August 1 - 9 . Bengal ( bgl ; Bengali :    ,      and    ) is a region in ___MASK95___ which is located in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the ___MASK34___ of Bengal . Geographically , it is made up by the Ganges - Brahmaputra delta system , the largest such formation in the world ; along with mountains in its north ( bordering the Himalayan states ) and east ( bordering Northeast India and Burma ). Myanmar , officially ___MASK77___ of the Union of Myanmar and also known as Burma , is a ___MASK9___ in South East ___MASK95___ bordered by Bangladesh , India , ___MASK69___ , Laos and Thailand . About one third of Myanmar ' s total perimeter of 5 , 876 km ( 3 , 651 miles ), forms an uninterrupted coastline of 1 , 930 km ( 1 , 200 miles ) along the ___MASK34___ of Bengal and the Andaman Sea . The country ' s 2014 census revealed a much lower population than expected , with 51 million people recorded . Myanmar is 676 , 578 square kilometres ( 261 , 227 sq mi ) in size . Its capital city is Naypyidaw and its largest city is Yangon ( Rangoon ). Thailand ( or ), officially the Kingdom of Thailand , formerly known as Siam , is a ___MASK38___ at the centre of the Indochinese peninsula in Southeast ___MASK95___ . With a total area of approximately , Thailand is the world ' s 51st - largest ___MASK38___ . It is the 20th - most - populous ___MASK38___ in the world , with around 66 million people . The capital and largest city is Bangkok . Nepal , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal , is a landlocked central Himalayan ___MASK38___ in South ___MASK95___ . It has a population of 26 . 4 million and is the 93rd largest ___MASK38___ by area . Bordering ___MASK69___ in the north and India in the south , east , and west , it is the largest sovereign Himalayan state . Nepal does not border Bangladesh , which is located within only 27 km ( 17 mi ) of its southeastern tip . It neither borders Bhutan due to the Indian state of Sikkim being located in between . Nepal has a diverse geography , including fertile plains , subalpine forested hills , and eight of the world ' s ten tallest mountains , including Mount Everest , the highest point on Earth . Kathmandu is the nation ' s capital and largest city . It is a multiethnic nation with Nepali as the official language . Bhutan ('), officially the Kingdom of Bhutan ('), is a landlocked ___MASK38___ and the smallest ___MASK92___ in ___MASK95___ to be located entirely within the Himalaya mountain range . Located in the Eastern Himalayas , it is bordered by ___MASK69___ in the north and India in the south . Bhutan lacks a border with nearby Nepal due to the Indian ___MASK92___ of Sikkim and with Bangladesh due to the Indian states of West Bengal and Assam . Bhutan is geopolitically in South ___MASK95___ and is the region ' s second least populous nation after the Maldives . Thimphu is its capital and largest city , while Phuntsholing is its financial center . ___MASK95___ is Earth ' s largest and most populous continent , located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres and sharing the continental landmass of Eurasia with the continent of Europe . ___MASK95___ covers an area of , about 30 % of Earth ' s total land area and 8 . 7 % of the Earth ' s total surface area . The continent , which has long been home to the majority of the human population , was the site of many of the first civilizations . ___MASK95___ is notable for not only its overall large size and population , but also dense and large settlements as well as vast barely populated regions within the continent of 4 . 4 billion people . South ___MASK95___ or Southern ___MASK95___ is a term used to represent the southern region of the Asian continent , which comprises the sub - Himalayan SAARC countries and , for some authorities , adjoining countries to the west and east . Topographically , it is dominated by the Indian Plate , which rises above sea level as Nepal and northern parts of India situated south of the Himalayas and the Hindu Kush . South ___MASK95___ is bounded on the south by the Indian Ocean and on land ( clockwise , from west ) by West ___MASK95___ , Central ___MASK95___ , East ___MASK95___ , and Southeast ___MASK95___ . The Maldives (, or ), officially ___MASK77___ of Maldives (""), is a South Asian island ___MASK38___ , located in the Indian ___MASK16___ . It lies southwest of India and Sri Lanka . The chain of twenty - six atolls stretches from Ihavandhippolhu Atoll in the north to the Addu City in the south . Comprising a territory spanning roughly , the Maldives is one of the world ' s most geographically dispersed countries , as well as the smallest Asian ___MASK38___ by both land area and population , with a little over 393 , 500 inhabitants . Malé is the capital and most populated city , traditionally called the " King ' s Island " for its central location . Hyderabad (; often ) is the capital of the southern Indian ___MASK92___ of Telangana and " de jure " capital of Andhra Pradesh . Occupying along the banks of the Musi River , it has a population of about and a metropolitan population of about , making it the fourth most populous ___MASK49___ and sixth most populous urban agglomeration in India . At an average altitude of , much of Hyderabad is situated on hilly terrain around artificial lakes , including Hussain Sagar  predating the ___MASK49___ ' s founding  north of the ___MASK49___ centre . Pakistan ( or ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan , is a federal parliamentary republic in South ___MASK95___ on crossroads of Central ___MASK95___ and Western ___MASK95___ . It is the sixth - most populous country with a population exceeding 200 million people . It is the 36th largest country in the world in terms of area with an area covering . Pakistan has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east , Afghanistan to the west , Iran to the southwest and ___MASK69___ in the far northeast respectively . It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan ' s narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north , and also shares a maritime border with Oman . Mumbai ( also known as Bombay , the official ___MASK18___ until 1995 ) is the capital ___MASK49___ of the Indian state of Maharashtra . It is the most populous ___MASK49___ in India and the ninth most populous agglomeration in the world , with an estimated ___MASK49___ population of 18 . 4 million . Along with the neighbouring regions of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region , it is one of the most populous urban regions in the world and the second most populous metropolitan area in India , with a population of 20 . 7 million . Mumbai lies on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour . In 2009 , Mumbai was named an alpha world ___MASK49___ . It is also the wealthiest ___MASK49___ in India , and has the highest GDP of any ___MASK49___ in South , West , or Central ___MASK95___ . Mumbai has the highest number of billionaires and millionaires among all cities in India . Ahmedabad ( also known as Amdavad ) is the largest ___MASK49___ and former capital of Gujarat , which is a state in India . It is the administrative headquarters of the Ahmedabad district and the seat of the Gujarat High ___MASK21___ . With a population of more than 6 . 3 million and an extended population of 7 . 8 million , it is the sixth largest ___MASK49___ and seventh largest metropolitan area of India . Ahmedabad is located on the banks of the Sabarmati River , from the state capital Gandhinagar , which is its twin ___MASK49___ . ___MASK69___ , officially the People ' s Republic of ___MASK69___ ( PRC ), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia . With a population of over 1 . 381 billion , it is the world ' s most populous country . The state is governed by the Communist Party of ___MASK69___ , and its capital is Beijing . It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces , five autonomous regions , four direct - controlled municipalities ( Beijing , Tianjin , Shanghai , and Chongqing ), and two mostly self - governing special administrative regions ( Hong Kong and Macau ), and claims sovereignty over Taiwan . The country ' s major urban areas include Shanghai , Guangzhou , Beijing , Chongqing , Shenzhen , Tianjin and Hong Kong . ___MASK69___ is a great power and a major regional power within Asia , and has been characterized as a potential superpower . ___MASK55___ won three gold , seven silver and 23 bronze to finish a commendable 10th in the 2009 Asian ___MASK5___ Games . For ___MASK55___ , all the three gold were won by women and two came in kurash , a form of upright jacket wrestling originated in Uzbekistan . Shally Manral gave ___MASK55___ their first gold in the women ' s 52 kg half - weight category in kurash , while Laxmi Tyagi scored second in the 52 kg low kick kick - boxing . Jaya Chaudhary rounded off ___MASK55___ ' s campaign with a gold in the women ' s 72 kg half - heavy division in kurash to help the side finish in the top 10 bracket . Delhi ( Dilli )       , officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi , is a ___MASK49___ and a union territory of India . It is bordered by Haryana on three sides and by Uttar Pradesh to the east . It is the most expansive ___MASK49___ in India  about . It has a population of about 25 million , making it the second most populous ___MASK49___ after Mumbai and most populous urban agglomeration in India and 3 largest urban area in the world . Urban expansion in Delhi has caused it to grow beyond the NCT to incorporate towns in neighbouring states . At its largest extent , there is a population of about 25 million residents . According to data released by Oxford Economics , Delhi NCR urban agglomeration has replaced Mumbai Metropolitan Region urban agglomeration as the economic capital of India . However the comparison of the figures specific to the ___MASK54___ of Delhi and ___MASK54___ of Mumbai was not provided by this institution . These figures however did not match with those revealed by the reserve bank of India , The economic survey of India , The economic survey of Delhi and Maharashtra . Chennai ; formerly known as Madras or ) is the capital of the Indian ___MASK92___ of Tamil Nadu . Located on the Coromandel Coast off the ___MASK34___ of Bengal , it is one of the biggest cultural , economic and educational centres in South India . According to the 2011 Indian census , it is the sixth - largest city and fourth - most populous urban agglomeration in India . The city together with the adjoining regions constitute the Chennai Metropolitan Area , which is the 36th - largest urban area by population in the world . Chennai is among the most visited Indian cities by foreign tourists . It was ranked 43rd most visited city in the world for year 2015 . The Quality of Living Survey rated Chennai as the safest city in India . Chennai attracts 45 percent of health tourists visiting India , and 30 to 40 percent of domestic health tourists . As such , it is termed " India ' s health capital ". As a growing metropolitan city in a developing country , Chennai confronts substantial pollution and other logistical and socio - economic problems . Bangladesh ( , " The ___MASK38___ of Bengal "), officially the People ' s Republic of Bangladesh (                  " Gônôprôjatôntri Bangladesh "), is a ___MASK38___ in South ___MASK95___ . It shares land borders with India and Myanmar ( Burma ). Nepal , Bhutan and ___MASK69___ are located near Bangladesh but do not share a border with it . The ___MASK38___ ' s maritime territory in the ___MASK34___ of Bengal is roughly equal to the size of its land area . Bangladesh is the world ' s eighth most populous ___MASK38___ . Dhaka is its capital and largest city , followed by Chittagong which has the ___MASK38___ ' s largest port . The Indian ___MASK16___ is the third largest of the world ' s oceanic divisions , covering ( approximately 20 % of the water on the ___MASK64___ ' s surface ). It is bounded by ___MASK95___ on the north , on the west by Africa , on the east by Australia , and on the south by the Southern ___MASK16___ or , depending on definition , by Antarctica . It is named after the country of India . The Indian ___MASK16___ is known as " Ratnkara ", "" the mine of gems "" in ancient Sanskrit literature , and as " Hind Mahsgar ", "" the great Indian sea "", in Hindi . New Delhi is the capital of ___MASK55___ and one of Delhi ___MASK49___ ' s 11 districts . The Arabian ___MASK75___ is a region of the northern Indian Ocean bounded on the north by Pakistan and Iran , on the west by northeastern Somalia and the Arabian Peninsula , and on the east by India . Historically the ___MASK75___ has been known by other names including the Erythraean ___MASK75___ and the Persian ___MASK75___ . Its total area is and its maximum depth is . The Gulf of Aden is in the southwest , connecting the Arabian ___MASK75___ to the Red ___MASK75___ through the strait of Bab - el - Mandeb , and the Gulf of Oman is in the northwest , connecting it to the Persian Gulf .