genre johnny bristol
A songwriter is an individual who writes the lyrics , melodies and chord progressions for songs , typically for a ___MASK64___ genre such as rock or country music . A songwriter can also be called a composer , although the latter term tends to be used mainly for individuals from the ___MASK95___ genre . The pressure from the music industry to produce popular hits means that songwriting is often an activity for which the tasks are distributed between a number of people . For example , a songwriter who excels at writing lyrics might be paired with a songwriter with a gift for creating original melodies . Pop songs may be written by group members from the band or by staff writers  songwriters directly employed by music publishers . Some songwriters serve as their own music publishers , while others have outside publishers . A concept ___MASK63___ is an ___MASK63___ unified by a larger purpose or meaning to the ___MASK63___ collectively than to its tracks individually . This may be achieved through a single central ___MASK56___ or theme , or through a sense of artistic cohesiveness . The scope and definition of a " concept ___MASK63___ " varies , and there is no consensus over what exactly the term constitutes . The City of New York , often called New York City or simply New York , is the most populous city in the United States . With an estimated 2015 population of 8 , 550 , 405 distributed over a land area of just , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States . Located at the southern tip of the state of New York , the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area , one of the most populous ___MASK11___ agglomerations in the world . A global power city , New York City exerts a significant impact upon commerce , ___MASK92___ , media , art , ___MASK77___ , research , technology , education , and ___MASK49___ , its fast pace defining the term " New York minute ". Home to the headquarters of the United Nations , New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural and financial capital of the world . ___MASK86___ is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound and silence , which exist in time . The common elements of ___MASK86___ are pitch ( which governs melody and harmony ), ___MASK20___ ( and its associated concepts tempo , meter , and articulation ), dynamics ( loudness and softness ), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture ( which are sometimes termed the " color " of a ___MASK60___ sound ). Different styles or types of ___MASK86___ may emphasize , de - emphasize or omit some of these elements . ___MASK86___ is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping ; there are solely ___MASK1___ pieces , solely vocal pieces ( such as songs without ___MASK1___ accompaniment ) and pieces that combine singing and instruments . The word derives from Greek  (" mousike "; " art of the Muses "). In its most general form , the activities describing ___MASK86___ as an art form include the production of works of ___MASK86___ ( songs , tunes , symphonies , and so on ), the ___MASK30___ of ___MASK86___ , the study of the history of ___MASK86___ , and the aesthetic examination of ___MASK86___ . Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined ___MASK86___ as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies . Common sayings such as " the harmony of the spheres " and " it is ___MASK86___ to my ears " point to the notion that ___MASK86___ is often ordered and pleasant to listen to . However , 20th - century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be ___MASK86___ , saying , for example , " There is no noise , only sound ." Racial integration , or simply integration , includes desegregation ( the process of ending systematic racial segregation ). In addition to desegregation , integration includes goals such as leveling barriers to association , creating equal opportunity regardless of race , and the development of a ___MASK12___ that draws on diverse traditions , rather than merely bringing a racial minority into the majority ___MASK12___ . Desegregation is largely a legal matter , integration largely a social one . A ___MASK88___ , most broadly , is a single ( and often standalone ) work of music that is typically intended to be sung by the human voice with distinct and fixed pitches and patterns using sound and silence and a ___MASK61___ of forms that often include the repetition of sections . Written words created specifically for music or for which music is specifically created , are called lyrics . If a pre - existing poem is set to composed music in classical music it is an art ___MASK88___ . Songs that are sung on repeated pitches without distinct contours and patterns that rise and fall are called chants . Songs in a simple style that are learned informally are often referred to as folk songs . Songs that are composed for professional singers who sell their recordings or live shows to the mass market are called popular songs . These songs , which have broad appeal , are often composed by professional songwriters , composers and lyricists . Art songs are composed by trained classical composers for concert or recital performances . Songs are performed live and recorded on audio or video ( or in some , cases , a ___MASK88___ may be performed live and simultaneously recorded ). Songs may also appear in plays , musical theatre , stage shows of any form , and within operas . Motown is an American record company . The record company was founded by Berry Gordy , Jr . as Tamla Records on January 12 , 1958 , and was incorporated as Motown Record Corporation on April 14 , 1960 , in Detroit , Michigan . The name , a portmanteau of " motor " and " town ", has also become a nickname for Detroit . Motown played an important role in the racial integration of ___MASK64___ as an African American - owned record label that achieved significant crossover success . In the 1960s , Motown and its subsidiary labels ( including Tamla Motown , the brand used outside the US ) were the most successful proponents of what came to be known as the Motown Sound , a style of ___MASK43___ with a distinct pop influence . During the 1960s , Motown achieved spectacular success for a small record company : 79 records in the Top Ten of the " Billboard " Hot 100 record chart between 1960 and 1969 . A record producer or ___MASK86___ producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performer ' s ___MASK86___ , which may range from recording one ___MASK88___ to recording a lengthy concept album . A producer has many roles during the recording process . The roles of a producer vary . He or she may gather ___MASK60___ ideas for the project , collaborate with the artists to select cover tunes or original songs by the artist / group , work with artists and help them to improve their songs , lyrics or arrangements . John William `` Johnny '' Bristol ( February 3 , 1939 -- March 21 , 2004 ) was an American musician , most famous as a songwriter and record producer for the Motown label in the late 1960s and early 1970s . He was a native of Morganton , North Carolina , about which he wrote an eponymous ___MASK88___ . His most famous recording was `` Hang On in There Baby '' , which reached the Top Ten in both the United States and the United Kingdom . ___MASK82___ ___MASK86___ is a ___MASK9___ of United States ___MASK64___ that originated in the southern United States in the 1920s . It takes its roots from the southeastern ___MASK9___ of United States , such as folk ___MASK86___ ( especially Appalachian folk ___MASK86___ ), and ___MASK53___ ___MASK86___ . ___MASK53___ modes have been used extensively throughout its recorded ___MASK21___ . ___MASK82___ ___MASK86___ often consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms and harmonies accompanied by mostly string instruments such as banjos , electric and acoustic guitars , dobros and fiddles as well as harmonicas . According to Lindsey Starnes , the term " country ___MASK86___ " gained popularity in the 1940s in preference to the earlier term " hillbilly ___MASK86___ "; it came to encompass Western ___MASK86___ , which evolved parallel to hillbilly ___MASK86___ from similar roots , in the mid - 20th century . The term " country ___MASK86___ " is used today to describe many styles and subgenres . The origins of country ___MASK86___ are the folk ___MASK86___ of working - class Americans , who blended popular songs , Irish and Celtic fiddle tunes , traditional English ballads , and cowboy songs , and various ___MASK60___ traditions from European immigrant communities . In 2009 country ___MASK86___ was the most listened to rush hour radio ___MASK9___ during the evening commute , and second most popular in the morning commute in the United States . Lyrics are words that make up a ___MASK88___ usually consisting of verses and choruses . The writer of lyrics is a lyricist . The words to an extended ___MASK60___ composition such as an opera are , however , usually known as a " ___MASK37___ " and their writer , as a " librettist ". The meaning of lyrics can either be explicit or implicit . Some lyrics are abstract , almost unintelligible , and , in such cases , their explication emphasizes form , articulation , meter , and symmetry of expression . Rappers can also create lyrics with a variation of rhyming words or words that create and tell a story or ___MASK88___ . The ___MASK86___ industry consists of the companies and individuals that earn money by creating new songs and pieces and selling live concerts and shows , audio and video recordings , compositions and ___MASK44___ , and the organizations and associations that aid and represent creators . Among the many individuals and organizations that operate in the industry are : the songwriters and composers who create new songs and ___MASK60___ pieces ; the singers , musicians , conductors and bandleaders who perform the ___MASK86___ ; the companies and professionals who create and sell recorded ___MASK86___ and / or ___MASK44___ ( e . g ., ___MASK86___ publishers , ___MASK86___ producers , recording studios , engineers , record labels , retail and online ___MASK86___ stores , performance rights organizations ); and those that help organize and present live ___MASK86___ performances ( sound engineers , booking agents , promoters , ___MASK86___ venues , road crew ). A musician ( or instrumentalist ) is a person who plays a ___MASK60___ instrument or is musically talented . Anyone who composes , conducts , or performs music may also be referred to as a musician . ___MASK43___ ( often referred to simply as soul ) is a popular music genre that originated in the United States in the late 1950s and early 1960s . It combines elements of African - American gospel music , rhythm and blues and jazz . ___MASK43___ became popular for dancing and listening in the United States ; where record labels such as Motown , Atlantic and Stax were influential in the civil rights era . Soul also became popular around the world , directly influencing rock music and the music of Africa . Tennessee (" Tanasi ") is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States . Tennessee is the 36th largest and the 16th most populous of the 50 United States . Tennessee is bordered by Kentucky and Virginia to the north , North Carolina to the east , Georgia , Alabama , and Mississippi to the south , and Arkansas and Missouri to the west . The Appalachian Mountains dominate the eastern part of the state , and the Mississippi River forms the state ' s ___MASK85___ border . Tennessee ' s capital and second largest city is Nashville , which has a population of 654 , 610 . Memphis is the state ' s largest city , with a population of 655 , 770 . Virginia (, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia ) is a state located in the Mid - Atlantic region of the United States , as well as in the historic Southeast . Virginia is nicknamed the " Old Dominion " due to its status as the first colonial possession established in mainland British America , and " Mother of Presidents " because eight U . S . presidents were born there , more than any other state . The ___MASK45___ and climate of the Commonwealth are shaped by the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Chesapeake Bay , which provide habitat for much of its flora and fauna . The capital of the Commonwealth is Richmond ; Virginia Beach is the most populous city , and Fairfax County is the most populous political subdivision . The Commonwealth ' s estimated population is over 8 . 3 million , which is slightly less than New York City . ___MASK64___ is music with wide appeal that is typically distributed to large audiences through the music industry . These forms and styles can be enjoyed and performed by people with little or no ___MASK60___ training . It stands in contrast to both art music and traditional or " folk " music . Art music was historically disseminated through the performances of written music , although since the beginning of the recording industry , it is also disseminated through recordings . Traditional music forms such as early blues songs or hymns were passed along orally , or to smaller , local audiences . A composer ( Latin " compn "; literally " one who puts together ") is a person who creates or writes ___MASK86___ , which can be ___MASK32___ ( for a singer or choir ), instrumental ___MASK86___ ( e . g ., for solo piano , string quartet , wind quintet or orchestra ) or ___MASK86___ which combines both instruments and voices ( e . g ., opera or art song , which is a singer accompanied by a pianist ). The core meaning of the term refers to individuals who have contributed to the tradition of Western classical ___MASK86___ through creation of works expressed in written musical notation ( e . g ., sheet ___MASK86___ scores ). A portmanteau (; plural " portmanteaus " or " portmanteaux " ) or portmanteau word is a linguistic blend of words , in which parts of multiple words or their phones ( sounds ) are combined into a new word . as in " smog ", coined by blending " smoke " and " fog ", or " popportunity ", from " popping " and " opportunity ", or " motel ", from " motor " and " hotel ". In ___MASK87___ , a portmanteau is defined as a single morph that represents two or more morphemes . A chord progression or harmonic progression is a succession of ___MASK60___ chords . Chord progressions are the foundation of harmony in Western ___MASK60___ tradition . ___MASK95___ is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western music , including both liturgical ( religious ) and secular music . While a more accurate term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 ( the Classical period ), this article is about the broad span of time from roughly the 11th century to the present day , which includes the Classical period and various other periods . The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900 , which is known as the common - practice period . The major time divisions of Western art music are as follows : European art music is largely distinguished from many other non - European and some popular ___MASK60___ forms by its system of staff notation , in use since about the 16th century . Western staff notation is used by composers to indicate to the performer the pitches ( e . g ., melodies , basslines , chords ), tempo , meter and rhythms for a piece of music . This can leave less room for practices such as improvisation and " ad libitum " ornamentation , which are frequently heard in non - European art music and in popular - music styles such as jazz and blues . Another difference is that whereas most popular styles adopt the song ( strophic ) form , classical music has been noted for its development of highly sophisticated forms of ___MASK1___ music such as the concerto , symphony , sonata , and mixed vocal and ___MASK1___ styles such as ___MASK4___ which , since they are written down , can sustain larger forms and attain a high level of complexity . North Carolina is a state in the southeastern region of the United States . The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south , Tennessee to the west , Virginia to the north , and the Atlantic Ocean to the east . North Carolina is the 28th most extensive and the 9th most populous of the U . S . states . The state is divided into 100 counties . The capital is Raleigh . The most populous municipality is Charlotte , and it is the second largest banking center in the United States after New York City .