instance_of pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia
A ___MASK7___ ( from the Greek participle ) is any ___MASK90___ of a class of signaling molecules produced by glands in multicellular organisms that are transported by the circulatory ___MASK52___ to target distant organs to regulate physiology and behaviour . Hormones have diverse chemical structures , mainly of 3 classes : eicosanoids , steroids , and amino acid derivatives ( amines , peptides , and proteins ). The glands that secrete hormones comprise the endocrine signaling ___MASK52___ . The term ___MASK7___ is sometimes extended to include chemicals produced by cells that affect the same cell ( autocrine or intracrine signalling ) or nearby cells ( paracrine signalling ). The breast is one of ___MASK65___ prominences located on the upper ventral region of the torso of female primates . In females , it serves as the mammary ___MASK34___ , which produces and secretes milk and feeds infants . Both females and males develop breasts from the same embryological tissues . At puberty , estrogens , in conjunction with growth hormone , cause breast development . Males do not develop pronounced or physiologically matured breasts because their bodies produce lower levels of estrogens and higher levels of androgens , namely testosterone , which suppress the effects of estrogens in developing breast ___MASK28___ . The breasts of females are typically far more prominent than those of males . Testosterone is the primary male ___MASK37___ hormone and an anabolic steroid . In men , testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as the testis and prostate , as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle and ___MASK82___ mass , and the growth of body hair . In addition , testosterone is essential for health and well - being , and for the prevention of osteoporosis . Insufficient levels of testosterone in men may lead to abnormalities including frailty and ___MASK82___ loss . Diagnosis is the identification of the nature and ___MASK50___ of a certain ___MASK99___ . Diagnosis is used in many different disciplines with variations in the use of ___MASK38___ , analytics , and experience to determine " ___MASK50___ and effect ". In systems engineering and computer ___MASK44___ , it is typically used to determine the causes of symptoms , mitigations , and solutions . The torso or trunk is an anatomical ___MASK89___ for the central ___MASK43___ of the many animal bodies ( including that of the human ) from which extend the neck and limbs . The torso includes the thorax and the abdomen . Puberty is the ___MASK13___ of physical changes through which a ___MASK9___ ' s body matures into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction . It is initiated by hormonal signals from the brain to the gonads : the ovaries in a ___MASK55___ , the testes in a boy . In response to the signals , the gonads produce hormones that stimulate libido and the growth , function , and transformation of the brain , bones , muscle , blood , skin , hair , breasts , and ___MASK37___ organs . Physical growth  height and weight  accelerates in the first half of puberty and is completed when an adult body has been developed . Until the maturation of their reproductive capabilities , the pre - pubertal physical differences between boys and girls are the external ___MASK37___ organs . Growth ___MASK7___ ( GH ), also known as somatotropin ( or as ___MASK49___ growth ___MASK7___ [ hGH or HGH ] in its ___MASK49___ form ), is a peptide ___MASK7___ that stimulates growth , ___MASK27___ reproduction , and ___MASK27___ regeneration in humans and other animals . It is thus important in ___MASK49___ development . It is a type of mitogen which is specific only to certain kinds of cells . Growth ___MASK7___ is a 191 - amino ___MASK68___ , ___MASK54___ - chain polypeptide that is synthesized , stored , and secreted by somatotropic cells within the lateral wings of the anterior pituitary gland . A mammary ___MASK34___ is an exocrine ___MASK34___ in mammals that produces milk to feed young ___MASK96___ . Mammals get their name from the word " mammary ". The mammary glands are arranged in organs such as the breasts in primates ( for example , humans and chimpanzees ), the udder in ruminants ( for example , cows , goats , and deer ), and the dugs of other animals ( for example , dogs and cats ). Lactorrhea , the occasional production of milk by the glands , can occur in any mammal , but in most mammals lactation , the production of enough milk for nursing , occurs only in phenotypic females who have gestated in recent months or years . It is directed by hormonal guidance from ___MASK37___ steroids . In a few mammalian species , male lactation can occur . A primate is a mammal of the ___MASK57___ Primates ( Latin : " prime , first rank "). In taxonomy , primates include two distinct lineages , strepsirrhines and haplorhines . Primates arose from ancestors that lived in the trees of tropical forests ; many primate characteristics represent adaptations to life in this challenging three - dimensional ___MASK62___ . Most primate species remain at least partly arboreal . An infant ( from the Latin ___MASK71___ " infans ", meaning " unable to speak " or " speechless ") is the more formal or specialised ___MASK22___ for " baby ", the very young ___MASK96___ of a human or other animal . A ___MASK59___ is a particular abnormal condition , a disorder of a structure or function , that affects part or all of an organism . The study of ___MASK59___ is called pathology which includes the causal study of etiology . ___MASK59___ is often construed as a medical condition associated with specific symptoms and signs . It may be caused by external factors such as pathogens , or it may be caused by internal dysfunctions particularly of the immune system such as an immunodeficiency , or a hypersensitivity including allergies and autoimmunity . In breast pathology , pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia , commonly abbreviated PASH , is an overgrowth of myofibroblastic cells and has an appearance similar to fibroadenomatoid changes . The diagnostic significance is currently uncertain , but it appears to be benign . There have been cases of PASH diagnosed where the tumors co - exist with breast cancer . Other cases have made screening for breast cancer difficult and in some cases impossible due to the number and density of the existing PASH tumors . These cases have resulted in the necessity of a mastectomy and double mastectomy . ___MASK67___ ( British English ; American English ) is the science and practice of the diagnosis , treatment , and prevention of ___MASK59___ . The word " medicine " is derived from Latin " medicus ", meaning " a physician ". ___MASK67___ encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness . Contemporary medicine applies biomedical sciences , biomedical research , genetics , and medical technology to diagnose , treat , and prevent injury and ___MASK59___ , typically through pharmaceuticals or surgery , but also through therapies as diverse as psychotherapy , external splints and traction , medical devices , biologics , and ionizing radiation , amongst others . Androgen ( from Greek " andro " meaning male ___MASK49___ being ), also called androgenic hormone or testoid , is any natural or synthetic compound , usually a steroid hormone , that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of male characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors . This includes the activity of the primary male ___MASK37___ organs and development of male secondary ___MASK37___ characteristics . Androgens were first discovered in 1936 . Androgens increase in both boys and girls during puberty . Androgens are also the original anabolic steroids and the precursor of all estrogens . The primary and most well - known androgen is testosterone . Dihydrotestosterone ( DHT ) and androstenedione are less known generally , but are of equal importance in male development . DHT in the embryo life causes differentiation of penis , scrotum and prostate . Later in life DHT contributes to balding , prostate growth and sebaceous gland activity . Although androgens are described as male ___MASK37___ hormones , both males and females have them to varying degrees , as is also true of estrogens . They are one of three types of ___MASK37___ hormones , the others being estrogens like estradiol and progestogens like progesterone . Breast development , also known as mammogenesis , is a ___MASK29___ biological process in primates that takes place throughout a female ' s life . It occurs across several phases , including prenatal development , puberty , and pregnancy . At menopause , breast development ceases and the breasts atrophy . Breast development results in prominent and developed structures on the ___MASK70___ known as breasts in primates , which serve as both a sexual characteristic and as mammary glands . The process is mediated by an assortment of hormones ( and growth factors ), the most important of which include estrogen , progesterone , prolactin , and growth hormone . Estrogen ( American English ) or oestrogen ( British English ) is the primary female ___MASK37___ hormone as well as a medication . It is responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary ___MASK37___ characteristics . " Estrogen " may also refer to any substance , natural or synthetic , that mimics the effects of the natural hormone . The estrane steroid estradiol is the most potent and prevalent endogenous estrogen , although several metabolites of estradiol also have estrogenic hormonal activity . Estrogens are used as medications as part of some oral contraceptives , in hormone replacement therapy for postmenopausal , hypogonadal , and transgender women , and in the treatment of certain hormone - sensitive cancers like prostate cancer and breast cancer . They are one of three types of ___MASK37___ hormones , the others being androgens / anabolic steroids like testosterone and progestogens like progesterone . Pathology ( from the Greek roots of " pathos ", meaning " experience " or " suffering ", and "- logia ", " ___MASK32___ of ") is a significant ___MASK48___ of the causal ___MASK32___ of ___MASK59___ and a major field in modern medicine and diagnosis .