country vrbas banovina
___MASK55___ ( or or ; Montenegrin : " Crna Gora " /   , meaning " Black Mountain ") is a sovereign state in Southeastern Europe . It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the south - west and is bordered by ___MASK58___ to the west , Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest , ___MASK23___ to the northeast , Kosovo to the east , and Albania to the south - east . Its capital and largest city is Podgorica , while Cetinje is designated as the Old Royal Capital (" prijestonica "). The Kingdom of ___MASK23___ , often rendered as " Servia " in English sources during the time of its existence , was created when Prince Milan I of ___MASK23___ , ruler of the Principality of ___MASK23___ , was crowned king in 1882 . The Adriatic Sea is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan peninsula and the Apennine Mountains from the Dinaric Alps and adjacent ranges . The Adriatic is the northernmost arm of the Mediterranean Sea , extending from the Strait of Otranto ( where it connects to the Ionian Sea ) to the northwest and the Po Valley . The countries with coasts on the Adriatic are ___MASK85___ , ___MASK10___ , ___MASK58___ , Greece , ___MASK66___ , Montenegro and Slovenia . The Adriatic contains over 1 , 300 islands , mostly located along its eastern , Croatian , coast . It is divided into three basins , the northern being the shallowest and the southern being the deepest , with a maximum depth of . The Otranto Sill , an underwater ridge , is located at the border between the Adriatic and Ionian Seas . The prevailing currents flow counterclockwise from the Strait of Otranto , along the eastern coast and back to the strait along the western ( Italian ) coast . Tidal movements in the Adriatic are slight , although larger amplitudes are known to occur occasionally . The Adriatic ' s salinity is lower than the Mediterranean ' s because the Adriatic collects a third of the fresh water flowing into the Mediterranean , acting as a dilution basin . The surface water temperatures generally range from in summer to in winter , significantly moderating the Adriatic Basin ' s climate . Southeast Europe or Southeastern Europe is a geographical region of Europe , consisting primarily of the Balkan peninsula . Sovereign states that are , at least partially , included in the region are , in alphabetical order , ___MASK85___ , ___MASK10___ , Bulgaria , ___MASK58___ , Greece , Kosovo , Macedonia , ___MASK31___ , ___MASK55___ , Romania , ___MASK23___ , Slovenia and Turkey . A mediterranean climate or dry summer climate is the climate typical of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin . The lands around the Mediterranean Sea form the largest area where this climate type is found , but it also is found in most of coastal ___MASK16___ , in parts of Western and ___MASK28___ , in southwestern South Africa , sections of Central Asia , and in central Chile . ___MASK53___ is one of two constitutional and legal entities of ___MASK10___ , the other being the Federation of ___MASK10___ . The entities are largely autonomous . The administrative centre is Banja Luka . In the context of the history of the 20th century , the interwar period or " interbellum " ( Latin : " inter -", " between " + " bellum ", " war ") was the period between the end of the First ___MASK4___ War ( 1914  18 ) and the beginning of the Second ___MASK4___ War ( 1939  45 ) the period beginning with the Armistice of 11 November 1918 that concluded the First ___MASK4___ War and the ensuing Paris Peace Conference in 1919 , and ending in September 1939 with the German invasion of ___MASK8___ and the start of the ___MASK4___ War II . The University of Banja Luka is a public university located in Banja Luka , Bosnia - Herzegovina . The University of Banja Luka was established on 7 November 1975 and at that point had 5 faculties . It is the oldest and largest university in ___MASK53___ and second largest university in ___MASK10___ . The Vrbas Banovina or Vrbas Banate ( Serbo - Croatian : Vrbaska banovina ,   ) was a province ( banovina ) of the Kingdom of ___MASK81___ between 1929 and 1941 . It was named after the Vrbas River and consisted mostly of territory in western Bosnia ( part of historical and present - day Bosnia and Herzegovina ) with its capital at Banja Luka . Dvor district of present - day ___MASK58___ was also part of the Vrbas Banovina . Croats are a nation and South Slavic ethnic group at the crossroads of Central Europe , Southeast Europe , and the Mediterranean Sea . Croats mainly live in ___MASK58___ and Bosnia and Herzegovina , but are an officially recognized minority in ___MASK96___ , Czech Republic , Hungary , Italy , Montenegro , Romania , ___MASK23___ , and Slovakia . Responding to political , social and economic pressure , many Croats have migrated throughout Europe ( especially Germany , ___MASK96___ , Switzerland , France and Italy ) and the Americas ( particularly the United States , Canada , Argentina , and Chile ), establishing a diaspora . The Kingdom of ___MASK81___ (, " Kingdom of South Slavia ) was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe , that existed during the interwar period ( 1918  1939 ) and first half of World War II ( 1939  1943 ). It was formed in 1918 by the merger of the provisional State of Slovenes , Croats and Serbs ( itself formed from territories of the former Austro - Hungarian Empire ) with the formerly independent Kingdom of ___MASK23___ . The Kingdom of Montenegro had united with ___MASK23___ five days previously , while the regions of Kosovo , Vojvodina and Vardar Macedonia were parts of ___MASK23___ prior to the unification . For its first eleven years of existence , the Kingdom was officially called the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes , but the term " ___MASK81___ " was its colloquial name from its origins . The official name of the state was changed to " Kingdom of ___MASK81___ " by King Alexander I on 3 October 1929 . Vardar ___MASK45___ is an area in the north of the geographical region of ___MASK45___ , corresponding with the area of today ' s Republic of ___MASK45___ . It covers an area of . It usually refers to the part of the ___MASK45___ region attributed to the Kingdom of ___MASK23___ by the Treaty of Bucharest in 1913 . It is named after the Vardar , the major river in the area . ___MASK83___ is a disputed territory and partially recognised state in Southeast Europe that declared independence from ___MASK23___ in February 2008 as the Republic of ___MASK83___ . ___MASK83___ is landlocked in the central Balkan Peninsula . Its capital and largest city is Pristina . It is bordered by the Republic of Macedonia and Albania to the south , Montenegro to the west , and the uncontested territory of ___MASK23___ to the north and east . While ___MASK23___ recognises administration of the territory by ___MASK83___ ' s elected government , it still continues to claim it as its own Autonomous Province of ___MASK83___ and Metohija . Sarajevo is the capital and largest city of ___MASK10___ , with a population of 275 , 524 in its current administrative limits . The Sarajevo metropolitan area , including Sarajevo Canton and East Sarajevo is home to 688 , 384 inhabitants . Nestled within the greater Sarajevo valley of Bosnia , it is surrounded by the Dinaric Alps and situated along the Miljacka River in the heart of Southeastern Europe and the Balkans . ___MASK4___ War II ( often abbreviated to WWII or WW2 ), also known as the Second ___MASK4___ War , was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945 , although related conflicts began earlier . It involved the vast majority of the ___MASK4___ ' s nations  including all of the great powers  eventually forming two opposing military alliances : the Allies and the Axis . It was the most widespread war in history , and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries . In a state of " total war ", the major participants threw their entire economic , industrial , and scientific capabilities behind the war effort , erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources . Marked by mass deaths of civilians , including the Holocaust ( in which approximately 11 million people were killed ) and the strategic bombing of industrial and population centres ( in which approximately one million were killed , and which included the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki ), it resulted in an estimated 50 million to 85 million fatalities . These made ___MASK4___ War II the deadliest conflict in human history . Banja Luka or Banjaluka is the largest city of the ___MASK53___ entity and second largest city in ___MASK10___ after the capital Sarajevo . Traditionally , it has been the centre of the Bosanska Krajina region , located in the northwestern part of the country . It is home of the University of Banja Luka , as well as numerous state and entity institutions of ___MASK10___ . The city lies on the River Vrbas and is well known in the countries of the former ___MASK81___ for being full of tree - lined avenues , boulevards , gardens , and parks . According to the 2013 census the City of Banja Luka , has 185 , 042 inhabitants . The State of Slovenes , Croats and Serbs was a short - lived entity formed at the end of ___MASK4___ War I by Slovenes , Croats and Serbs residing in what were the southernmost parts of the Austro - Hungarian Empire . Although internationally unrecognized , this was the first incarnation of a Yugoslav state and had been founded on the Pan - Slavic ideology behind the incentive . A month after it was proclaimed , the State joined with the Kingdom of ___MASK23___ to form the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes . ___MASK10___ ( or ; B & H ; Bosnian , Croatian , Serbian : " Bosna i Hercegovina " / a   ), sometimes called Bosnia - Herzegovina ( BiH ), and , in short , often known informally as Bosnia , is a country in Southeastern Europe located on the Balkan Peninsula . Sarajevo is the capital and largest city . Bordered by ___MASK58___ to the north , west , and south ; ___MASK23___ to the east ; Montenegro to the southeast ; and the Adriatic Sea to the south , with a coastline about long surrounding the city of Neum . In the central and eastern interior of the country the geography is mountainous , in the northwest it is moderately hilly , and the northeast is predominantly flatland . The inland is a geographically larger region and has a moderate continental climate , with hot summers and cold and snowy winters . The southern tip of the country has a Mediterranean climate and plain topography . Zagreb is the capital and the largest city of ___MASK58___ . It is located in the northwest of the country , along the Sava river , at the southern slopes of the Medvednica mountain . Zagreb lies at an elevation of approximately above sea level . In the last official census of 2011 the population of the City of Zagreb was 792 , 875 . The wider Zagreb metropolitan area includes the City of Zagreb and the separate Zagreb County bringing the total metropolitan area population up to 1 , 237 , 887 . It is the biggest metropolitan area in ___MASK58___ , and the only one with a population of over one million . ___MASK4___ War I ( WWI or WW1 ), also known as the First ___MASK4___ War , or the Great War , was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918 . More than 70 million military personnel , including 60 million Europeans , were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history . Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war ( including the victims of a number of genocides ), a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents ' technological and industrial sophistication , and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare . It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history , and paved the way for major political changes , including revolutions in many of the nations involved . Neum ( Cyrillic :  ) is the only town to be situated along ___MASK10___ ' s of coastline , making it the country ' s only access to the Adriatic Sea . In 2009 the municipal (" opina ") population was 4 , 605 and in 1991 the population of Neum town (" naselje ") was 4 , 268 . ___MASK23___ , officially the Republic of ___MASK23___ , is a sovereign state situated at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe , covering the southern part of the Pannonian Plain and the central Balkans . Relative to its small territory , it is a diverse country distinguished by a " transitional " character , situated along cultural , geographic , climatic and other boundaries . ___MASK23___ is landlocked and borders Hungary to the north ; Romania and Bulgaria to the east ; Macedonia to the south ; and Croatia , Bosnia - Herzegovina , and Montenegro to the southwest ; it also claims a border with Albania through the disputed territory of Kosovo . ___MASK23___ numbers around 7 million residents , and its capital , Belgrade , ranks among the largest cities in Southeast Europe . The Slovenes , or Slovenians , are a South Slavic ethnic group native to ___MASK43___ and the historical Slovene lands , surrounded by fellow South Slavic Croats to the south and southeast , Austrians to the north , Italians to the west and Hungarians to the northeast . They speak the Slovene , a South Slavic language with significant similarities to West Slavic languages . The majority of ethnic Slovenes live in ___MASK43___ , and they are a recognized minority in ___MASK96___ , Hungary , Croatia , and Italy , where they are indigenous . Expatriates live mainly in other European countries , and in Argentina , Australia , Canada and the United States . The Kingdom of ___MASK55___ ( Serbian :  a a / " Kraljevina Crna Gora "), was a monarchy in southeastern Europe , present day ___MASK55___ , during the tumultuous years on the Balkan Peninsula leading up to and during World War I . Legally it was a constitutional monarchy , but absolutist in practice . On 28 November 1918 , following the end of World War I , with its government still in exile , the unconstitutional Podgorica Assembly proclaimed union with the Kingdom of ___MASK23___ , and was merged into the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes three days later , on 1 December 1918 . ___MASK58___ , officially the Republic of ___MASK58___ , is a sovereign state between Central Europe , Southeast Europe , and the Mediterranean . Its capital city is Zagreb , which forms one of the country ' s primary subdivisions , along with its twenty counties . ___MASK58___ covers and has diverse , mostly continental and Mediterranean climates . ___MASK58___ ' s Adriatic Sea coast contains more than a thousand islands . The country ' s population is 4 . 28 million , most of whom are Croats , with the most common religious denomination being Roman Catholicism . Bosanska Krajina (; sometimes translated as Bosnian Frontier ) or simply Krajina , is a geographical region , a subregion of Bosnia , in western ___MASK10___ enclosed by a number of rivers , namely the Sava ( north ), Glina ( northwest ), Vrbanja and Vrbas ( east and southeast , respectively ). The region is also a historic , economic and cultural entity of ___MASK10___ , famous for its natural beauties and wildlife diversity . Herzegovina ( or ; Bosnian , Croatian and Serbian : " Hercegovina ",  ) is the southern region of ___MASK10___ . While there is no official border distinguishing it from the Bosnian region , it is generally accepted that the borders of the region are ___MASK58___ to the southwest , Montenegro to the east , Mount Magli to the northeast , and Mount Ivan to the north . Measurements of the area range from , or around 22 % of the total area of the present - day country , to , around 24 % of the country . ___MASK38___ , officially the Autonomous Province of ___MASK38___ (; see Names in other languages ), is an autonomous province of ___MASK23___ , located in the northern part of the country , in the Pannonian Plain . Novi Sad is the largest city and administrative center of ___MASK38___ and the second - largest city in ___MASK23___ . ___MASK38___ has a population of almost 2 million ( approximately 26 . 88 % of ___MASK23___ ' s population excluding Kosovo ). It has a multi - ethnic and multi - cultural identity ; there are some 26 ethnic groups in the province , and six languages are in official use by the provincial administration . The Serbs are a South Slavic ethnic group that formed in the Balkans . The majority of Serbs inhabit the nation state of ___MASK23___ ( with a minority in disputed Kosovo ), as well as Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro . They form significant minorities in Croatia , Macedonia and Slovenia . There is a large Serb diaspora in Western Europe , and outside Europe there are significant communities in North America and Australia .