located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity cooling castle
A marsh is a wetland that is dominated by herbaceous rather than woody plant species . Marshes can often be found at the edges ___MASK6___ ___MASK2___ and streams , where they form a transition between the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems . They are often dominated by grasses , rushes or reeds . If woody plants are present they tend to be low - growing shrubs . This form ___MASK6___ vegetation is what differentiates marshes from other types ___MASK6___ wetland such as swamps , which are dominated by trees , and mires , which are wetlands that have accumulated deposits ___MASK6___ acidic peat . Cooling is a village and civil parish on the Hoo Peninsula , overlooking the ___MASK49___ ___MASK93___ Marshes , 6 miles north northwest of Rochester , England . According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 209 , which increased to 216 at the 2011 Census . The ___MASK77___ Thames is a ___MASK77___ that flows through southern ___MASK5___ . At , it is the longest ___MASK77___ entirely in ___MASK5___ and the second longest in the ___MASK53___ , after the ___MASK77___ Severn . It also flows through Oxford ( where it is called Isis ), Reading , Henley - on - Thames and Windsor . The lower reaches ___MASK6___ the ___MASK77___ are called the Tideway , derived from its long tidal reach up to Teddington Lock . It rises at Thames Head in Gloucestershire , and flows into the North Sea via the Thames Estuary . The Thames drains the whole ___MASK6___ Greater London . The Thames Estuary is the estuary in which the ___MASK77___ Thames meets the waters ___MASK6___ the North Sea , in the south - east ___MASK6___ Great Britain . Great Britain , also known as Britain , is a large island in the ___MASK49___ ___MASK23___ off the northwest coast of continental Europe . With an area of , Great Britain is the largest European island and the ninth - largest in the world . In 2011 the island had a population of about 61 million people , making it the world ' s third - most populous island after Java in Indonesia and Honshu in Japan . The island of Ireland is situated to the west of it , and together these islands , along with over 1 , 000 smaller surrounding islands , comprise the British Isles archipelago . The ___MASK49___ Sea is a marginal sea ___MASK6___ the ___MASK23___ located between Great Britain , Scandinavia , Germany , the Netherlands , Belgium , and France . An epeiric ( or " shelf ") sea on the European continental shelf , it connects to the ocean through the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian Sea in the north . It is more than long and wide , with an area ___MASK6___ around . A gatehouse , in architectural terminology , is a building enclosing or accompanying a gateway for a castle , manor house , ___MASK60___ , town or similar buildings ___MASK6___ importance . A keep ( from the Middle English " kype ") is a type ___MASK6___ fortified tower built within castles during the Middle Ages by European nobility . Scholars have debated the scope ___MASK6___ the word " keep ", but usually consider it to refer to large towers in castles that were fortified residences , used as a refuge ___MASK6___ last resort should the rest ___MASK6___ the castle fall to an adversary . The first keeps were made ___MASK6___ timber and formed a key part ___MASK6___ the motte - and - bailey castles that emerged in Normandy and Anjou during the 10th century ; the design spread to England as a result ___MASK6___ the Norman invasion ___MASK6___ 1066 , and in turn spread into Wales during the second half ___MASK6___ the 11th century and into Ireland in the 1170s . The Anglo - Normans and French rulers began to build stone keeps during the 10th and 11th centuries ; these included Norman keeps , with a square or rectangular design , and circular shell keeps . Stone keeps carried considerable political as well as military importance and could take up to a decade to build . In ___MASK5___ , a civil parish is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier ___MASK6___ local government below districts and counties , or their combined form , the unitary authority . It is an administrative parish , in contrast to an ecclesiastical parish . The Hoo Peninsula is a peninsula in ___MASK93___ , England ( United Kingdom ) separating the estuaries of the rivers Thames and ___MASK47___ . It is dominated by a line of sand and clay hills , surrounded by an extensive area of marshland composed of alluvial silt . The name " Hoo " is the Old English word for " spur of land ". An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body ___MASK6___ brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it , and with a free connection to the open sea . A quadrangular castle or courtyard castle is a type ___MASK6___ castle characterised by ranges ___MASK6___ buildings which are integral with the curtain walls , enclosing a central ward or quadrangle , and typically with angle towers . There is no keep and frequently no distinct gatehouse . The quadrangular form predominantly dates from the mid to late fourteenth century and signals the transition from defensively to domestically oriented great houses . The four walls are also known as ranges . Silt is granular material ___MASK6___ a size between sand and clay , whose mineral origin is quartz and feldspar . Silt may occur as a soil ( often mixed with sand or clay ) or as sediment mixed in suspension with water ( also known as a suspended load ) in a body ___MASK6___ water such as a river . It may also exist as soil deposited at the bottom ___MASK6___ a water body . Silt has a moderate specific area with a typically non - sticky , plastic feel . Silt usually has a floury feel when dry , and a slippery feel when wet . Silt can be visually observed with a hand lens . The ___MASK49___ ___MASK93___ Marshes , located in the north of the county of ___MASK93___ on the Thames Estuary in south - east England , is one of 22 Environmentally Sensitive Areas recognised by the UK government ' s Department for Environment , Food and Rural Affairs ( DEFRA ). It lies within the Thames Gateway regional planning area . A tower is a tall structure , taller than it is wide , often by a significant margin . Towers are distinguished from masts by their lack ___MASK6___ guy - wires and are therefore , along with tall buildings , self - supporting structures . A castle ( from ) is a type ___MASK6___ fortified structure built in Europe and the Middle East during the Middle Ages by nobility . Scholars debate the scope ___MASK6___ the word " castle ", but usually consider it to be the private fortified residence ___MASK6___ a lord or noble . This is distinct from a palace , which is not fortified ; from a fortress , which was not always a residence for nobility ; and from a fortified settlement , which was a public defence  though there are many similarities among these types ___MASK6___ construction . Usage ___MASK6___ the term has varied over time and has been applied to structures as diverse as hill forts and country houses . Over the approximately 900 years that castles were built , they took on a great many forms with many different features , although some , such as curtain walls and arrowslits , were commonplace . Cooling Castle is a 14th - century quadrangular castle in the village ___MASK6___ Cooling , ___MASK93___ on the Hoo Peninsula about 6 miles ( 9 . 7 km ) north ___MASK6___ Rochester . It was built in the 1380s by the Cobham family , the local lords ___MASK6___ the manor , to guard the area against French raids into the Thames Estuary . The castle has an unusual layout , comprising two walled wards ___MASK6___ unequal size next to each other , surrounded by moats and ditches . It was the earliest English castle designed for the use ___MASK6___ gunpowder weapons by its defenders . Despite this distinction , the use ___MASK6___ gunpowder weapons against the castle proved devastating . It was captured after only eight hours when Sir Thomas Wyatt besieged it in January 1554 during his unsuccessful rebellion against Queen Mary . His attack wrecked the castle and it was subsequently abandoned . A farmhouse and outbuildings were constructed among the ruins a century later . Today the farmhouse is the home ___MASK6___ the musician Jools Holland , while the nearby barn is used as a wedding venue .