located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity tour initiale
The ___MASK74___ Sea is a marginal sea ___MASK72___ the ___MASK42___ located between Great Britain , Scandinavia , ___MASK66___ , the Netherlands , Belgium , and France . An epeiric ( or " shelf ") sea on the European continental shelf , it connects to the ocean through the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian Sea in the north . It is more than long and wide , with an area ___MASK72___ around . ___MASK83___ or ( more archaically ) Lyons ( or ) is a city in east - central France , in the Auvergne - Rhône - Alpes region , about from Paris and from Marseille . Inhabitants of the city are called " Lyonnais ". The term cult usually refers to a social group defined by their religious , spiritual , or philosophical beliefs , or common interest in a particular personality , object or goal . The term itself is controversial and has divergent definitions in popular culture and in academia and has been an ongoing source ___MASK72___ contention among scholars across several fields ___MASK72___ study . In the sociological classifications ___MASK72___ religious movements , a cult is a social group with socially deviant or novel beliefs and practices , although this is often unclear . Other researchers present a less - organized picture ___MASK72___ cults on the basis that cults arise spontaneously around novel beliefs and practices . The word " cult " has always been controversial because it is ( in a pejorative sense ) considered a subjective term , used as an " ad hominem " attack against groups with differing doctrines or practices . Cults range in size from local groups with a few members to international organizations with millions . The euro ( sign : €; code : EUR ) is the official currency ___MASK72___ the eurozone , which consists ___MASK72___ 19 ___MASK72___ the member states ___MASK72___ the ___MASK100___ : Austria , Belgium , Cyprus , Estonia , Finland , France , Germany , Greece , Ireland , Italy , Latvia , Lithuania , Luxembourg , Malta , the Netherlands , Portugal , Slovakia , Slovenia , and Spain . The currency is also officially used by the institutions ___MASK72___ the ___MASK100___ and four other European countries , as well as unilaterally by two others , and is consequently used daily by some 337 million Europeans . Outside ___MASK72___ Europe , a number ___MASK72___ overseas territories ___MASK72___ EU members also use the euro as their currency . ___MASK85___ ( pronounced ) is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris , France . It is located in the heart of the Hauts - de - Seine department from the center of Paris . ___MASK4___ ( pronounced or ), officially called Guiana , is an overseas department and region of ___MASK96___ , located on the north Atlantic coast of South America in the Guyanas . It borders ___MASK1___ to the east and south , and Suriname to the west . Its area has a very low population density of only 3 inhabitants per km , with half of its 244 , 118 inhabitants in 2013 living in the metropolitan area of Cayenne , its capital . By land area , it is the second largest region of ___MASK96___ and the largest outermost region within the ___MASK100___ . The ___MASK42___ is the second largest of the world ' s oceans with a total area of about . It covers approximately 20 percent of the Earth ' s surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area . It separates the " Old World " from the " New World ". A republic ( from ) is a sovereign state , country , or government which is organized with a form ___MASK72___ government in which power resides in elected individuals representing the citizen body and government leaders exercise power according to the rule ___MASK72___ law . In modern times , the definition ___MASK72___ a republic commonly refers to a government which excludes a monarch . Currently , 147 ___MASK72___ the world ' s 206 sovereign states use the word " republic " as part ___MASK72___ their official names ; not all ___MASK72___ these are republics in the sense ___MASK72___ having elected governments , nor do all nations with elected governments use the word " republic " in their names . ___MASK80___ (; Niçard , classical norm , or "", nonstandard , ) is the fifth ___MASK68___ populous city in France and the capital of the Alpes - Maritimes " département ". The urban area of ___MASK80___ extends beyond the administrative city limits , with a population of about 1 million on an area of . Located in the ___MASK99___ , on the south east coast of France on the Mediterranean Sea , at the foot of the Alps , ___MASK80___ is the second - largest French city on the Mediterranean coast and the second - largest city in the Provence - Alpes - Côte d ' Azur region after Marseille . ___MASK80___ is about 13 kilometres ( 8 miles ) from the principality of ___MASK13___ , and its airport is a gateway to the principality as well . ___MASK6___ ( French : ) is the capital and ___MASK68___ populous city of France . It has an area of and a population in 2013 of 2 , 229 , 621 within its administrative limits . The city is both a commune and department , and forms the centre and headquarters of the Île - de - France , or ___MASK6___ Region , which has an area of and a population in 2014 of 12 , 005 , 077 , comprising 18 . 2 percent of the population of France . ___MASK96___ , officially the French Republic , is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories . The European , or metropolitan , area of ___MASK96___ extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea , and from the ___MASK24___ to the Atlantic Ocean . Overseas ___MASK96___ include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic , Pacific and ___MASK63___ oceans . ___MASK96___ spans and had a total population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017 . It is a unitary semi - presidential republic with the capital in Paris , the country ' s largest city and main cultural and commercial centre . Other major urban centres include Marseille , Lyon , Lille , Nice , Toulouse and Bordeaux . The ___MASK6___ metropolitan area is a statistical area that describes the reach ___MASK72___ commuter movement to and from ___MASK6___ and its surrounding suburbs . ___MASK41___ ( Gascon Occitan : "") is a port city on the Garonne River in the ___MASK40___ department in southwestern France . The ___MASK24___ (, , ) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of ___MASK81___ in the southeastern Swiss Alps , forms part of the Swiss - Austrian , Swiss - Liechtenstein , Swiss - German and then the Franco - German border , then flows through the Rhineland and eventually empties into the North Sea in the Netherlands . The largest city on the river ___MASK24___ is Cologne , Germany , with a population of more than 1 , 050 , 000 people . It is the second - longest river in Central and Western Europe ( after the Danube ), at about , with an average discharge of about . ___MASK64___ is the capital city ___MASK72___ the southwestern French department ___MASK72___ Haute - Garonne , as well as ___MASK72___ the Occitanie region . The city lies on the ___MASK38___ ___MASK72___ the River Garonne , from the Mediterranean Sea , from the Atlantic Ocean , and from Paris . It is the fourth - largest city in France with 466 , 297 inhabitants in January 2014 . The ___MASK64___ Metro area is , with 1 312 304 inhabitants as ___MASK72___ 2014 , France ' s 4th metropolitan area after Paris , Lyon and Marseille and ahead ___MASK72___ Lille and Bordeaux . La Défense is a major business ___MASK22___ just ___MASK92___ of the city limits of Paris . It is part of the Paris Metropolitan Area in the Île - de - ___MASK96___ region , located in the department Hauts - de - Seine spread across the commune of ___MASK26___ , and parts of ___MASK85___ and Nanterre . ___MASK26___ is a commune located from the center of Paris , France . The centre of ___MASK26___ is situated 2 kilometres from the outer limits of central Paris . It is one of the most densely populated municipalities in Europe , and ranks as the third - best place to live in the Île - de - France region , after the neighbouring communes of Levallois - Perret and Neuilly - sur - Seine . Hauts - de - ___MASK17___ ( literally " ___MASK17___ Heights ") is a department ___MASK72___ ___MASK96___ . It is part ___MASK72___ the Métropole du Grand Paris and ___MASK72___ the Île - de - ___MASK96___ region , and covers the western inner suburbs ___MASK72___ Paris . It is small and densely populated and contains the modern office , theatre , and shopping complex known as " La Défense ". ___MASK28___ is a commune in the western suburbs ___MASK72___ Paris , ___MASK96___ . It is located north - west ___MASK72___ the centre ___MASK72___ Paris . The English Channel (" the Sleeve " [ hence ] " Sea ___MASK72___ Brittany " " British Sea "), also called simply the Channel , is the body ___MASK72___ water that separates southern ___MASK18___ from northern France , and joins the southern part ___MASK72___ the North Sea to the rest ___MASK72___ the Atlantic Ocean . ___MASK8___ is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia . ___MASK8___ is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north , the Atlantic Ocean to the ___MASK92___ , and the Mediterranean Sea to the south . To the ___MASK43___ and southeast , ___MASK8___ is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains , the Ural River , the Caspian and Black Seas , and the waterways of the Turkish Straits . Yet the non - oceanic borders of ___MASK8___  a concept dating back to classical antiquity  are arbitrary . The primarily physiographic term " continent " as applied to ___MASK8___ also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent ' s current overland boundaries . The Mediterranean Sea ( pronounced ) is a sea connected to the ___MASK42___ , surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land : on the north by Southern ___MASK8___ and ___MASK50___ , on the south by North Africa , and on the east by the Levant . The sea is sometimes considered a part of the ___MASK42___ , although it is usually identified as a separate body of water . ___MASK5___ is a city in ___MASK56___ ___MASK96___ , in French Flanders . On the Deûle River , near ___MASK96___ ' s border with Belgium , it is the capital of the Hauts - de - ___MASK96___ region and the prefecture of the ___MASK93___ . Île - de - ___MASK96___ (, , " Island ___MASK72___ ___MASK96___ "), also known as the " région parisienne " (" Parisian Region "; see Etymology ), is one ___MASK72___ the 18 regions ___MASK72___ ___MASK96___ , and includes the city ___MASK72___ Paris . It covers 12012 square kilometers ( 4638 square miles ), and has its own regional council and president . It has a population ___MASK72___ 12 , 005 , 077 as ___MASK72___ January 2014 , or 18 . 2 percent ___MASK72___ the population ___MASK72___ ___MASK96___ . Tour Initiale ( previously known as tour Nobel ) is an office building located in La Défense business ___MASK22___ just ___MASK92___ of Paris , ___MASK96___ . The 105 m ( 344 ft ) Tour Initiale was the first office tower built in the La Défense ___MASK22___ with its construction being completed in 1966 . In 1988 , the tower was given an internal renovation , and the new name of Tour Initiale . The Tour Initiale was designed by architects Jean de Mailly and Jacques Depussé and engineer Jean Prouvé who designed the building ' s glass facade . The tower uses curved glass on the building ' s corners , which , at the time of construction , was generally unknown in ___MASK96___ and the glass had to be imported from the United States . This highrise should be completely renovated in the upcoming years in the frame of the first stage of the large - scale redevelopment of La Défense business ___MASK22___ which is planned from 2006 to 2013 .