main_subject two-lane blacktop
The Beach Boys are an American rock ___MASK46___ formed in Hawthorne , California in 1961 . The group ' s original lineup consisted of brothers Brian , Dennis , and Carl Wilson , their cousin Mike ___MASK66___ , and their friend Al Jardine . They emerged at the vanguard of the " California Sound ", initially performing original surf songs that gained international popularity for their distinct vocal harmonies and lyrics reflecting a southern California youth culture of ___MASK6___ , cars , and romance . Rooted in jazz - based vocal groups , 1950s rock and roll , and doo - wop , Brian led the ___MASK46___ in devising novel approaches to music production , arranging his compositions for studio orchestras , and experimenting with several genres ranging from pop ballads to psychedelic and baroque styles . Roger William Corman ( born April 5 , 1926 ) is an American independent ___MASK30___ producer , director , and ___MASK21___ . He has been called " The Pope of Pop Cinema " and is known as a trailblazer in the world of independent ___MASK30___ . Much of Corman ' s work has an established critical reputation , such as his cycle of low budget cult films adapted from the tales of Edgar Allan Poe . Admired by members of the French New Wave and " Cahiers du cinéma ", in 1964 Corman was the youngest filmmaker to have a retrospective at the Cinémathèque Française , as well as the British Film Institute and the Museum of Modern Art . In 2009 , he was awarded an Honorary Academy Award . Doo - wop is a genre of ___MASK20___ that was developed in African - Americans communities of New York ___MASK67___ , Philadelphia , Chicago , Baltimore , Newark , Pittsburgh , Cincinnati , Detroit , Washington , D . C . and Los Angeles in the 1940s , achieving mainstream popularity in the 1950s and early 1960s . Built upon vocal harmony , doo - wop was one of the most mainstream , pop - oriented R & B styles of the time . Singer Bill Kenny ( 1914  1978 ) is often called the " Godfather of Doo - wop " for his introducing the " top and bottom " format which featured a high tenor singing the lead and a bass singer reciting the lyrics in the middle of the song . Doo - wop features vocal group harmony , nonsense syllables , a simple beat , sometimes little or no instrumentation , and simple ___MASK20___ and lyrics . David Samuel " Sam " Peckinpah ( February 21 , 1925  December 28 , 1984 ) was an American ___MASK30___ director and screenwriter who achieved prominence following the release of the Western epic " The Wild Bunch " ( 1969 ). He was known for the visually innovative and explicit depiction of action and ___MASK87___ as well as his revisionist approach to the Western genre . Michael Edward " Mike " ___MASK66___ ( born March 15 , 1941 ) is an American singer , songwriter , ___MASK24___ , and activist who co - founded the Beach Boys . Characterized by his nasal , sometimes baritone singing , ___MASK66___ has been one of the band ' s vocalists and lyricists for most of their career , contributing to each of their studio albums . He is often regarded as a malign figure in the band ' s history , a reputation he acknowledges : " For those who believe that Brian [ Wilson ] walks on water , I will always be the Antichrist ." A ___MASK30___ genre ( or ) is a motion picture category based on similarities in either the narrative elements or the emotional response to the ___MASK30___ ( namely , serious , ___MASK100___ , etc .). Most theories of ___MASK30___ genre are borrowed from literary genre ___MASK8___ . The basic genres include fiction and documentary , from which subgenres have emerged , such as docufiction and docudrama . Other subgenres include the courtroom and trial - focused drama known as the legal drama . Types of fiction which may seem unrelated can also be combined to form hybrid subgenres , such as the melding of horror and comedy in the " Evil Dead " films . Other popular combinations are the romantic comedy and the action comedy ___MASK30___ . Carl Dean Wilson ( December 21 , 1946  February 6 , 1998 ) was an American ___MASK24___ , singer , songwriter , and record producer who co - founded the Beach Boys . He is best remembered as their lead guitarist and as the youngest brother of bandmates Brian and Dennis Wilson . ___MASK64___ is a ___MASK20___ genre that originated amongst African Americans in New Orleans , United States , in the late 19th and early 20th centuries . Since the 1920s jazz age , jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression . It emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles , all linked by the common bonds of African American and European American musical parentage with a performance orientation . ___MASK64___ is characterized by swing and blue notes , call and response vocals , polyrhythms and improvisation . ___MASK64___ has roots in West African cultural and musical expression , and in African - American ___MASK20___ traditions including blues and ragtime , as well as European military band ___MASK20___ . Although the foundation of jazz is deeply rooted within the Black experience of the United States , different cultures have contributed their own experience and styles to the art form as well . Intellectuals around the world have hailed jazz as " one of America ' s original art forms ". A ballad is a form of verse , often a narrative set to ___MASK20___ . Ballads derive from the medieval French " chanson balladée " or " ballade ", which were originally " danced songs ". Ballads were particularly characteristic of the popular poetry and song of the ___MASK26___ from the later medieval period until the 19th century . They were widely used across ___MASK5___ , and later in the Americas , Australia and North Africa . Ballads are 13 lines with an ABABBCBC form , consisting of couplets ( two lines ) of rhymed verse , each of 14 syllables . Charles Milles Manson ( born Charles Milles Maddox , November 12 , 1934 ) is an American former ___MASK54___ leader who led what became known as the Manson ___MASK48___ , a quasi - commune that arose in California in the late 1960s . Manson ' s followers committed a series of nine murders at four locations over a period of five weeks in the middle of 1969 . In 1971 he was found guilty of ___MASK32___ to commit the murders of seven people  most notably of the actress Sharon Tate  all of which were carried out by members of the group at his instruction . He is currently serving nine concurrent life sentences at Corcoran State Prison in Corcoran , California . Alan Charles " Al " Jardine ( born September 3 , 1942 ) is an American ___MASK24___ , singer and songwriter who co - founded the Beach Boys . He is best known as the band ' s rhythm guitarist , and for occasionally singing lead vocals on singles such as " Help Me , Rhonda " ( 1965 ), " Then I Kissed Her " ( 1965 ) and " Come Go with Me " ( 1978 ). In 2010 , Jardine released his debut solo studio album , " A Postcard from California ". John Herbert Dillinger ( June 22 , 1903  ___MASK61___ 22 , 1934 ) was an American gangster in the Depression - era United States . He operated with a group of men known by some as the Dillinger Gang or Terror Gang , which was accused of robbing 24 banks and four police stations , among other activities . Dillinger escaped from jail twice . He was also charged with , but never convicted of , the ___MASK60___ of an East Chicago , Indiana , police officer who shot Dillinger in his bullet - proof vest during a shootout , prompting him to return fire . It was Dillinger ' s only ___MASK40___ charge . Two - Lane Blacktop is a 1971 road movie directed by Monte Hellman , starring singer - songwriter James Taylor , the Beach Boys drummer Dennis Wilson , Warren Oates , and Laurie ___MASK45___ . Esquire magazine declared the film its movie of the year for 1971 , and even published the entire screenplay in its April 1971 issue , but the film was not a commercial success . The film has since become a counterculture - era cult classic . Brock Yates , organizer of the Cannonball Baker Sea - To - Shining - Sea Memorial Trophy Dash ( better known as the Cannonball Run ) cites Two - Lane Blacktop as one source of inspiration for the creation of the ___MASK47___ , and commented on it in his Car and Driver column announcing the first Cannonball . Two - Lane Blacktop is notable as a time capsule film of U . S . Route 66 during the pre - Interstate Highway era , and for its stark footage and minimal dialogue . As such , it has become popular with fans of Route 66 . Two - Lane Blacktop has been compared to similar road movies with an existentialist message from the era , such as Vanishing Point , Easy Rider , and Electra Glide in Blue . In 2012 , the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant . '' . The Hired Hand is a 1971 American western ___MASK30___ directed by Peter Fonda , with a screenplay by Alan Sharp . The ___MASK30___ stars Fonda , Warren Oates , and Verna Bloom . The cinematography was by Vilmos Zsigmond , Bruce Langhorne provided the moody ___MASK30___ score . The story is about a man returning to his abandoned wife after seven years of drifting from job to job throughout the Southwestern United States . The embittered ___MASK39___ will only let him stay if he agrees to move in as a hired hand . Beast from Haunted Cave is a 1959 horror / heist ___MASK30___ directed by Monte Hellman and starring Michael Forest , Frank Wolff and Richard Sinatra . Filmed in ___MASK76___ at the same ___MASK65___ as " Ski Troop Attack ", it tells the story of bank robbers fleeing in the snow who run afoul of a giant spider - like monster that feeds on humans . The ___MASK30___ was released as a double feature with " The Wasp Woman ( 1959 )." Plot . A group of criminals , led by the ruthless Alexander Ward ( Frank Wolff ), hatch a plan to steal gold bars from a bank vault in Deadwood , ___MASK76___ . Ward sends one of his henchmen , Marty Jones ( Richard Sinatra ), to set an explosive in a nearby gold mine ; the detonation will act as a diversion for their heist . Although Marty , accompanied by local barmaid Natalie ( Linné Ahlstrand ), succeeds in setting the explosive , he encounters a beast ( Chris Robinson ) in the mine . The beast kills Natalie , but Marty escapes with his life . A road ___MASK30___ is a ___MASK30___ genre in which the main characters leave home on a road trip , typically altering the perspective from their everyday lives . ___MASK38___ is the way adolescents live , and the norms , values , and practices they share . Culture is the shared symbolic systems , and processes of maintaining and transforming those systems . ___MASK38___ differs from the culture of older generations . The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum is a hall of fame and museum located on the shore of Lake Erie in downtown Cleveland , ___MASK83___ , United States . The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Foundation was established on April 20 , 1983 , by Atlantic Records founder and chairman Ahmet Ertegun to recognize and ___MASK18___ the history of the best - known and most influential artists , producers , engineers , and other notable figures who have had some major influence on the development of rock and roll . In 1986 , Cleveland was chosen as the hall of fame ' s permanent home . Since opening in September 1995 , the " Rock Hall "  part of the ___MASK67___ ' s redeveloped North Coast Harbor  has hosted more than 10 million visitors and had a cumulative economic impact estimated at more than $ 1 . 8 billion . Monte Hellman ( born ___MASK61___ 12 , 1932 ) is an American ___MASK30___ director , producer , writer , and editor . Hellman began his career as an editor ' s apprentice at ABC TV , and made his directorial debut with the ___MASK1___ " Beast from Haunted Cave " ( 1959 ), produced by Roger Corman . Warren Mercer Oates ( ___MASK61___ 5 , 1928  April 3 , 1982 ) was an American ___MASK21___ best known for his performances in several films directed by Sam Peckinpah including " The Wild Bunch " ( 1969 ) and " Bring Me the Head of Alfredo Garcia " ( 1974 ). He starred in numerous films during the early 1970s which have since achieved cult status including " The Hired Hand " ( 1971 ), " Two - Lane Blacktop " ( 1971 ) and " ___MASK47___ with the Devil " ( 1975 ). Oates also portrayed John Dillinger in the biopic " Dillinger " ( 1973 ) and Sgt . Hulka in the comedy " Stripes " ( 1981 ). Bring Me the Head of Alfredo Garcia is a 1974 American ___MASK54___ action ___MASK30___ directed by Sam Peckinpah and featuring Warren Oates . Dennis Carl Wilson ( December 4 , 1944  December 28 , 1983 ) was an American ___MASK24___ , singer , and songwriter who co - founded the Beach Boys . He is best remembered as their drummer and as the middle brother of bandmates Brian and Carl Wilson . Dennis was the only true surfer in the Beach Boys , and his personal life exemplified the " California Myth " that the band ' s early songs often celebrated . He was also known for his brief association with then - aspiring songwriter Charles Manson , who was later convicted of murder ___MASK32___ . Laurie ___MASK45___ ( September 26 , 1952  June 15 , 1979 ) was an American film actress and photographer . ___MASK6___ is a surface water sport in which the wave rider , referred to as a surfer , rides on the forward or deep face of a moving wave , which is usually carrying the surfer towards the shore . Waves suitable for ___MASK6___ are primarily found in the ocean , but can also be found in lakes or in rivers in the form of a standing wave or tidal bore . However , surfers can also utilize artificial waves such as those from boat wakes and the waves created in artificial wave pools . ___MASK47___ with the Devil is a 1975 American horror film directed by Jack Starrett , written by Wes Bishop and Lee Frost , and starring Peter Fonda , Warren Oates , Loretta Swit , and Lara Parker . This was the second of three films Fonda and Oates would star in together (" The Hired Hand " was their first and " 92 in the Shade " was their third ). The film was a hybrid of the horror , action and car chase genres . Rock and roll ( often written as rock & roll or rock ' n ' roll ) is a genre of popular ___MASK20___ that originated and evolved in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s , from African - American musical styles such as gospel , jazz , boogie woogie , and rhythm and blues , with country . While elements of rock and roll can be heard in blues records from the 1920s and in country records of the 1930s , the genre did not acquire its name until the 1950s . A ___MASK13___ ( the Greek  (" phos "), meaning " light ", and  (" graphê "), meaning " drawing , ___MASK93___ ", together meaning " drawing with light ") is a person who makes photographs . A road trip is a long distance journey on the road . Typically , road trips are long distances traveled by ___MASK37___ . A Grammy Award ( originally called Gramophone Award ), or Grammy , is an honor awarded by The Recording Academy to recognize outstanding achievement in the mainly ___MASK2___ - language music industry . The annual presentation ceremony features performances by prominent artists , and the presentation of those awards that have a more popular interest . It shares recognition of the music industry as that of the other performance awards such as the Emmy Awards ( television ), the Tony Awards ( stage performance ), and the Academy Awards ( motion pictures ). Hawthorne is a ___MASK67___ in southwestern Los Angeles County , California . The ___MASK67___ at the 2010 census had a population of 84 , 293 , up from 84 , 112 at the 2000 census and in 2013 a population of 86 , 199 . The Wild Bunch is a 1969 American epic Western Technicolor and Panavision ___MASK30___ directed by Sam Peckinpah about an aging outlaw gang on the Texas  Mexico border , trying to exist in the changing modern world of 1913 . The ___MASK30___ was controversial because of its graphic ___MASK87___ and its portrayal of crude men attempting to survive by any available means . A studio orchestra is an orchestra that exists only in a recording , movie , video ___MASK88___ , or television studio . That is , it does not perform in public concerts or for audiences generally . Studio orchestras are typically run by movie and television studios to produce ___MASK30___ and television soundtrack recordings . Nearly all easy listening orchestras are studio orchestras . Some famous easy listening studio orchestras are the 101 Strings , the Living Strings , and the Hollyridge Strings . James Vernon Taylor ( born March 12 , 1948 ) is an American singer - songwriter and guitarist . A five - ___MASK65___ Grammy Award winner , he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2000 . He is one of the best - selling music artists of all ___MASK65___ , having sold more than 100 million records worldwide .