parent_taxon titanosaurus
Madhya Pradesh ( MP ) (, meaning Central Province ) is a state in central India . Its capital is Bhopal and the largest city is Indore . Nicknamed the " heart of India " due to its geographical location in India , Madhya Pradesh is the second - largest state in the country by ___MASK49___ . With over 75 million inhabitants , it is the fifth - largest state in India by population . It borders the states of Uttar Pradesh to the northeast , Chhattisgarh to the southeast , Maharashtra to the south , Gujarat to the west , and Rajasthan to the northwest . Its total ___MASK49___ is 308 , 245 km² . Before 2000 , When Chattisgarh was a part of Madhya Pradesh , Madhya Pradesh was the largest state in India and the distance between the two furthest points inside the state , Singoli and Konta , was 1500 km . The Maastrichtian is , in the ICS geologic timescale , the latest age ( uppermost stage ) of the Late Cretaceous epoch or Upper Cretaceous series , the Cretaceous period or system , and of the Mesozoic era or erathem . It spanned the interval from . The Maastrichtian was preceded by the Campanian and succeeded by the Danian ( part of the Paleogene and Paleocene ). Rajasaurus (' ___MASK37___ ' meaning " king " ( derived from Sanskrit ) here ," king of lizards ") is a genus of carnivorous abelisaurian theropod dinosaur with an unusual head crest . Between 1982 and 1984 , its fossilized bones were discovered by Suresh Srivastava of the Geological Survey of India ( GSI ). Excavated from the Narmada River valley in Rahioli in the Kheda district of Gujarat , India , the find was announced as a new genus of dinosaur by American and Indian scientists on August 13 , 2003 . Alexander III of Macedon ( 20 / 21 July 356 BC  10 / 11 June 323 BC ), commonly known as Alexander the Great (" Aléxandros ho Mégas " ), was a king (" basileus ") of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon and a member of the Argead dynasty . Born in ___MASK41___ in 356 BC , Alexander succeeded his father , Philip II , to the throne at the age of twenty . He spent most of his ruling years on an unprecedented military campaign through Asia and northeast Africa , and by the age of thirty he had created one of the largest empires of the ancient world , stretching from Greece to northwestern India . He was undefeated in battle and is widely considered one of history ' s most successful military commanders . In biology , an organism is any contiguous living system , such as an ___MASK51___ , ___MASK71___ , fungus , archaeon , or bacterium . All known types of organisms are capable of some degree of response to stimuli , reproduction , growth and development and homeostasis . An organism consists of one or more cells ; when it has one cell it is known as a unicellular organism ; and when it has more than one it is known as a multicellular organism . Most unicellular organisms are of microscopic scale and are thus loosely described as microorganisms . Humans are multicellular organisms composed of many trillions of cells grouped into specialized tissues and organs . Indonesia ( or ; Indonesian : ), officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a unitary sovereign state and transcontinental country located mainly in Southeast Asia with some territories in Oceania . Situated between the Indian and Pacific oceans , it is the world ' s largest island country , with more than seventeen thousand islands . At , Indonesia is the world ' s 14th - largest country in terms of land ___MASK49___ and world ' s 7th - largest country in terms of combined sea and land ___MASK49___ . It has an estimated population of over 260 million people and is the world ' s fourth most populous country , the most populous Austronesian nation , as well as the most populous Muslim - majority country . The world ' s most populous island of Java contains more than half of the country ' s population . Laevisuchus (, " light ___MASK76___ ") is a genus of abelisauroid theropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous . Kolkata (, also known as Calcutta , the official name until 2001 ) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal . Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River , it is the principal commercial , cultural , and educational centre of East India , while the Port of Kolkata is India ' s oldest operating port and its sole major riverine port . In 2011 , the city had population of 4 . 5 million , while the population of the city and its suburbs was 14 . 1 million , making it the third - most populous metropolitan ___MASK49___ in India . In 2008 its gross domestic product ( adjusted for purchasing power parity ) was estimated to be 104 billion , which was the third highest among Indian cities , behind Mumbai and Delhi . Asia is Earth ' s largest and most populous continent , located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres and sharing the continental landmass of Eurasia with the continent of Europe . Asia covers an ___MASK49___ of , about 30 % of Earth ' s total land ___MASK49___ and 8 . 7 % of the Earth ' s total surface ___MASK49___ . The continent , which has long been home to the majority of the human population , was the site of many of the first civilizations . Asia is notable for not only its overall large size and population , but also dense and large settlements as well as vast barely populated regions within the continent of 4 . 4 billion people . Bengal ( bgl ; Bengali :    ,      and    ) is a region in Asia which is located in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal . Geographically , it is made up by the Ganges - Brahmaputra ___MASK19___ system , the largest such formation in the world ; along with mountains in its north ( bordering the Himalayan states ) and east ( bordering Northeast India and Burma ). Abelisaurs ( Abelisauria or Abelisauroidea ) were a phylogenetic group within ___MASK74___ . Some well - known dinosaurs of this group include the abelisaurids " Abelisaurus ", " Carnotaurus ", and " ___MASK21___ ". Bangladesh ( , " The country of Bengal "), officially the People ' s Republic of Bangladesh (                  " Gônôprôjatôntri Bangladesh "), is a country in South Asia . It shares land borders with India and Myanmar ( Burma ). Nepal , Bhutan and China are located near Bangladesh but do not share a border with it . The country ' s maritime territory in the Bay of Bengal is roughly equal to the size of its land ___MASK49___ . Bangladesh is the world ' s eighth most populous country . Dhaka is its capital and largest city , followed by Chittagong which has the country ' s largest port . Ahmedabad ( also known as Amdavad ) is the largest city and former capital of Gujarat , which is a state in India . It is the administrative headquarters of the Ahmedabad district and the seat of the Gujarat High Court . With a population of more than 6 . 3 million and an extended population of 7 . 8 million , it is the sixth largest city and seventh largest metropolitan ___MASK49___ of India . Ahmedabad is located on the banks of the Sabarmati River , from the state capital Gandhinagar , which is its twin city . Ancient Greece was a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th - 9th centuries BC to the end of antiquity ( AD ). Immediately following this period was the beginning of the Early Middle Ages and the Byzantine era . Roughly three centuries after the Late Bronze Age collapse of Mycenaean Greece , Greek urban poleis began to form in the 8th century BC , ushering in the period of Archaic Greece and colonization of the Mediterranean Basin . This was followed by the period of Classical Greece , an era that began with the Greco - Persian Wars , lasting from the 5th to 4th centuries BC . Due to the conquests by Alexander the Great of Macedonia , Hellenistic civilization flourished from Central Asia to the western end of the Mediterranean Sea . The Hellenistic period came to an end with the conquests and annexations of the eastern Mediterranean world by the Roman Republic , which established the Roman province of Macedonia in Roman Greece , and later the province of ___MASK80___ during the Roman Empire . Gujarat ("" ) is a state in Western India , sometimes referred to as the " Jewel of Western India ". It has an ___MASK49___ of with a coastline of , most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula , and a population in excess of 60 million . The state is bordered by Rajasthan to the north , Maharashtra to the south , Madhya Pradesh to the east , and the Arabian Sea and the Pakistani province of Sindh to the west . Its capital city is Gandhinagar , while its largest city is Ahmedabad . Gujarat is home to the Gujarati - speaking people of India . The Roman Empire ( Koine and Medieval Greek :    , tr . ) was the post - Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization , characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe , Africa and Asia . The city of Rome was the largest city in the world BC AD , with Constantinople ( New Rome ) becoming the largest around 500 AD , and the Empire ' s populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants ( roughly 20 % of the world ' s population at the time ). The 500 - year - old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict , during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC . Civil wars and executions continued , culminating in the victory of Octavian , Caesar ' s adopted son , over Mark Antony and ___MASK75___ at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the annexation of Egypt . Octavian ' s power was then unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title " Augustus ", effectively marking the end of the Roman Republic . The Paleogene ( or ; also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene ; informally Lower Tertiary ) is a geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period million years ago ( ___MASK25___ ) to the beginning of the Neogene Period ___MASK25___ . It is the beginning of the Cenozoic Era of the present Phanerozoic Eon . The Paleogene is most notable for being the time during which mammals diversified from relatively small , simple forms into a large group of diverse animals in the wake of the Cretaceous  Paleogene extinction event that ended the preceding Cretaceous Period . Titanosaurs ( members of the group ___MASK6___ ) were a diverse group of sauropod dinosaurs , which included " Saltasaurus " and " Isisaurus ". When the extinction event at the end of the Cretaceous period occurred , they were the last surviving group of long - necked dinosaurs . The group includes some of the heaviest creatures ever to walk the earth , such as " Argentinosaurus " and " Puertasaurus ", which are estimated to have weighed up to . The group ' s name refers to the much earlier discovery " Titanosaurus ", a now dubious genus named for the mythological Titans of Ancient Greece . Together with the brachiosaurids and relatives , titanosaurs make up the larger clade Titanosauriformes . The Maldives (, or ), officially the Republic of Maldives (""), is a South Asian island country , located in the Indian Ocean . It lies southwest of India and Sri Lanka . The chain of twenty - six atolls stretches from Ihavandhippolhu Atoll in the north to the Addu City in the south . Comprising a territory spanning roughly , the Maldives is one of the world ' s most geographically dispersed countries , as well as the smallest Asian country by both land ___MASK49___ and population , with a little over 393 , 500 inhabitants . Malé is the capital and most populated city , traditionally called the " King ' s Island " for its central location . Delhi ( Dilli )       , officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi , is a city and a union territory of India . It is bordered by Haryana on three sides and by Uttar Pradesh to the east . It is the most expansive city in India  about . It has a population of about 25 million , making it the second most populous city after Mumbai and most populous urban agglomeration in India and 3 largest urban ___MASK49___ in the world . Urban expansion in Delhi has caused it to grow beyond the NCT to incorporate towns in neighbouring states . At its largest extent , there is a population of about 25 million residents . According to data released by Oxford Economics , Delhi NCR urban agglomeration has replaced Mumbai Metropolitan Region urban agglomeration as the economic capital of India . However the comparison of the figures specific to the Metropolis of Delhi and Metropolis of Mumbai was not provided by this institution . These figures however did not match with those revealed by the reserve bank of India , The economic survey of India , The economic survey of Delhi and Maharashtra . Maharashtra ( Marathi :          pronunciation : , abbr . MH ) is a state in the western region of India and is India ' s third - largest state by ___MASK49___ and is also the world ' s second - most populous sub - national entity . It has over 112 million inhabitants and its capital , Mumbai , has a population of approximately 18 million . Nagpur is Maharashtra ' s second capital as well as its winter capital . Maharashtra ' s business opportunities along with its potential to offer a higher standard of living attract migrants from all over India . Binomial nomenclature ( also called binominal nomenclature or binary nomenclature ) is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts , both of which use Latin grammatical forms , although they can be based on words from other languages . Such a name is called a binomial name ( which may be shortened to just " binomial "), a binomen or a scientific name ; more informally it is also called a Latin name . The first part of the name identifies the genus to which the species belongs ; the second part identifies the species within the genus . For example , humans belong to the genus " ___MASK31___ " and within this genus to the species " ___MASK31___ sapiens ". The " formal " introduction of this system of naming species is credited to Carl Linnaeus , effectively beginning with his work " Species Plantarum " in 1753 . But Gaspard Bauhin , in as early as 1623 , had introduced in his book " Pinax theatri botanici " ( English , " Illustrated exposition of plants ") many names of genera that were later adopted by Linnaeus . Dinosaurs are a diverse group of animals of the clade Dinosauria that first appeared during the Triassic . Although the exact origin and timing of the evolution of dinosaurs is the subject of active research , the current scientific consensus places their origin between 231 and 243 million years ago . They became the dominant terrestrial vertebrates after the Triassic  Jurassic extinction event 201 million years ago . Their dominance continued through the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods and ended when the Cretaceous  Paleogene extinction event led to the extinction of most ___MASK53___ groups 66 million years ago . Indosaurus ( meaning " Indian ___MASK47___ ") is a genus of theropod dinosaur once living in what is now India . It lived approximately 69 million years ago , in the Maastrichtian division of the Late Cretaceous . It weighed roughly 700 kg ( 1540 lb ). China , officially the People ' s Republic of China ( PRC ), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia . With a population of over 1 . 381 billion , it is the world ' s most populous country . The state is governed by the Communist Party of China , and its capital is Beijing . It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces , five autonomous regions , four direct - controlled municipalities ( Beijing , Tianjin , Shanghai , and Chongqing ), and two mostly self - governing special administrative regions ( Hong Kong and Macau ), and claims sovereignty over Taiwan . The country ' s major urban ___MASK91___ include Shanghai , Guangzhou , Beijing , Chongqing , Shenzhen , Tianjin and Hong Kong . China is a great power and a major regional power within Asia , and has been characterized as a potential superpower . Indosuchus is a genus of abelisaurid ___MASK53___ from the Late Cretaceous Period ( 70 to 66 million years ago  the Maastrichtian ), a theropod related to " Abelisaurus ". Like most theropods , " Indosuchus " was a bipedal carnivore . It was possibly six meters ( twenty feet ) long , and had a crested skull , flattened on the top . Pakistan ( or ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan , is a federal parliamentary republic in South Asia on crossroads of Central Asia and Western Asia . It is the sixth - most populous country with a population exceeding 200 million people . It is the 36th largest country in the world in terms of ___MASK49___ with an ___MASK49___ covering . Pakistan has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east , Afghanistan to the west , Iran to the southwest and China in the far northeast respectively . It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan ' s narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north , and also shares a maritime border with Oman . A genus ( genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms in biology . In the hierarchy of biological classification , genus comes above species and below family . In binomial nomenclature , the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus . Titanosaurus ( meaning ' titanic ___MASK47___ ' - named after the mythological ' Titans ' , deities of Ancient Greece ) is a dubious genus of sauropod dinosaurs , first described by Lydekker in 1877 . It is known from the Maastrichtian ( Upper Cretaceous ) Lameta Formation of India . Titanosaurus are estimated to have grown up to 9 -- 12 metres ( 30 -- 40 ft ) long and about 13 tons in weight . Titanosaurus has traditionally been treated as a `` wastebin taxon '' for poorly preserved sauropod remains that demonstrate a distinctive vertebrae anatomy . The original Titanosaurus remains consist only of limb bones and a few vertebrae that have these characteristics . However , discoveries of more and better - preserved titanosaur species have shown that these once distinctive features are in fact widespread across many genera . Therefore , Titanosaurus itself is considered a nomen dubium ( `` dubious name '' ) by most paleontologists , since the original Titanosaurus specimens can not be distinguished from those of related animals . The Arabian Sea is a region of the northern Indian Ocean bounded on the north by Pakistan and Iran , on the west by northeastern Somalia and the Arabian Peninsula , and on the east by India . Historically the sea has been known by other names including the Erythraean Sea and the Persian Sea . Its total ___MASK49___ is and its maximum depth is . The Gulf of Aden is in the southwest , connecting the Arabian Sea to the Red Sea through the strait of Bab - el - Mandeb , and the Gulf of Oman is in the northwest , connecting it to the Persian Gulf . The Lameta Formation is a sedimentary rock formation found in Madhya Pradesh , Gujarat , and Maharashtra , India . It is of Maastrichtian age ( Upper Cretaceous ), and is notable for its ___MASK53___ fossils . Many dubious names have been created for isolated bones , but several genera of dinosaurs from these rocks are well - supported , including the titanosaur sauropod " Isisaurus " and the abelisaurs " Indosaurus ", " Indosuchus ", " Laevisuchus ", and " Rajasaurus ". Nepal , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal , is a landlocked central Himalayan country in South Asia . It has a population of 26 . 4 million and is the 93rd largest country by ___MASK49___ . Bordering China in the north and India in the south , east , and west , it is the largest sovereign Himalayan state . Nepal does not border Bangladesh , which is located within only 27 km ( 17 mi ) of its southeastern tip . It neither borders Bhutan due to the Indian state of Sikkim being located in between . Nepal has a diverse geography , including fertile plains , subalpine forested hills , and eight of the world ' s ten tallest mountains , including Mount Everest , the highest point on Earth . Kathmandu is the nation ' s capital and largest city . It is a multiethnic nation with Nepali as the official language . Thailand ( or ), officially the Kingdom of Thailand , formerly known as Siam , is a country at the centre of the Indochinese peninsula in Southeast Asia . With a total ___MASK49___ of approximately , Thailand is the world ' s 51st - largest country . It is the 20th - most - populous country in the world , with around 66 million people . The capital and largest city is Bangkok . Chennai ; formerly known as Madras or ) is the capital of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu . Located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal , it is one of the biggest cultural , economic and educational centres in South India . According to the 2011 Indian census , it is the sixth - largest city and fourth - most populous urban agglomeration in India . The city together with the adjoining regions constitute the Chennai Metropolitan ___MASK49___ , which is the 36th - largest urban ___MASK49___ by population in the world . Chennai is among the most visited Indian cities by foreign tourists . It was ranked 43rd most visited city in the world for year 2015 . The Quality of Living Survey rated Chennai as the safest city in India . Chennai attracts 45 percent of health tourists visiting India , and 30 to 40 percent of domestic health tourists . As such , it is termed " India ' s health capital ". As a growing metropolitan city in a developing country , Chennai confronts substantial pollution and other logistical and socio - economic problems . India , officially the Republic of India (" Bhrat Gaarjya "), is a country in South Asia . It is the seventh - largest country by ___MASK49___ , the second - most populous country ( with over 1 . 2 billion people ), and the most populous democracy in the world . It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south , the Arabian Sea on the southwest , and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast . It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west ; China , Nepal , and Bhutan to the northeast ; and Myanmar ( Burma ) and Bangladesh to the east . In the Indian Ocean , India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives . India ' s Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia . Its capital is New Delhi ; other metropolises include Mumbai , Kolkata , Chennai , Bangalore , Hyderabad and Ahmedabad . Mumbai ( also known as Bombay , the official name until 1995 ) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra . It is the most populous city in India and the ninth most populous agglomeration in the world , with an estimated city population of 18 . 4 million . Along with the neighbouring regions of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region , it is one of the most populous urban regions in the world and the second most populous metropolitan ___MASK49___ in India , with a population of 20 . 7 million . Mumbai lies on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour . In 2009 , Mumbai was named an alpha world city . It is also the wealthiest city in India , and has the highest GDP of any city in South , West , or Central Asia . Mumbai has the highest number of billionaires and millionaires among all cities in India . The Cretaceous is a geologic period and system that spans 79 million years from the end of the Jurassic Period million years ago ( ___MASK25___ ) to the beginning of the Paleogene Period ___MASK25___ . It is the last period of the Mesozoic Era . The Cretaceous Period is usually abbreviated K , for its German translation " Kreide " ( chalk ). Isisaurus ( named after the Indian Statistical Institute ) is a genus of ___MASK53___ from the Late Cretaceous Period . " Isisaurus " was a sauropod ( specifically a titanosaur ), which lived in what is now India .