place_of_death jimmy sangster
Frankenstein ; or , The Modern Prometheus is a novel written by English author ___MASK9___ Shelley that tells the story of Victor Frankenstein , a young scientist who creates a grotesque but sapient creature in an unorthodox scientific experiment . Shelley started writing the story when she was 18 , and the first edition of the novel was published anonymously in ___MASK55___ in 1818 , when she was 20 . Her name first appeared on the second edition , published in France in 1823 . The history of comics has followed different paths in different cultures . Scholars have posited a pre - history as far back as the Lascaux cave paintings . By the mid - 20th century , comics flourished particularly in the United States , western Europe ( especially in ___MASK41___ and ___MASK67___ ), and Japan . The history of European comics is often traced to Rodolphe Töpffer ' s cartoon strips of the 1830s , and became popular following the success in the 1930s of strips and books such as " The Adventures of Tintin ". American comics emerged as a mass medium in the early 20th century with the advent of newspaper comic strips ; magazine - style comic books followed in the 1930s , in which the superhero genre became prominent after Superman appeared in 1938 . Histories of Japanese comics and cartooning ("") propose origins as early as the 12th century . Modern comic strips emerged in Japan in the early 20th century , and the output of comics magazines and books rapidly expanded in the post - World War II era with the popularity of cartoonists such as Osamu Tezuka . had a lowbrow reputation for much of its history , but towards the end of the 20th century began to find greater acceptance with the public and in academia . Warner Bros . Entertainment Inc . ( known professionally as Warner Bros . Pictures , often referred to as Warner Bros . and Warner Brothers and abbreviated as WB ) is an American entertainment company , film studio and film distributor that is a division of Time Warner and is headquartered in ___MASK81___ , California . It is one of the " Big Six " major American film studios . A film genre ( or ) is a motion picture category based on similarities in either the narrative elements or the emotional response to the film ( namely , serious , comic , etc .). ___MASK29___ theories of film genre are borrowed from literary genre criticism . The basic genres include fiction and documentary , from which subgenres have emerged , such as docufiction and docudrama . Other subgenres include the courtroom and trial - focused drama known as the legal drama . Types of fiction which may seem unrelated can also be combined to form hybrid subgenres , such as the melding of horror and comedy in the " Evil Dead " films . Other popular combinations are the romantic comedy and the action comedy film . Hazel Court ( 10 February 1926  15 April 2008 ) was an English actress ___MASK95___ known for her roles in horror films during the 1950s and early 1960s . A writer is a person who uses written words in various styles and techniques to communicate their ideas . Writers produce various forms of literary art and creative writing such as novels , short stories , poetry , plays , screenplays , and essays as well as various reports and news articles that may be of interest to the public . Writers ' texts are published across a range of ___MASK3___ . Skilled writers who are able to use language to express ideas well often contribute significantly to the cultural content of a society . The word is also used elsewhere in the arts  such as songwriter  but as a standalone term , " writer " normally refers to the creation of written language . Some writers work from an ___MASK74___ tradition . James Henry Kinmel `` Jimmy '' Sangster ( 2 December 1927 -- 19 ___MASK77___ 2011 ) was a Welsh screenwriter and director , known for his work for horror film producers Hammer Film Productions , including scripts for The Curse of Frankenstein ( the first British horror movie to be shot in colour ) and Dracula ( US : Horror of Dracula ) . Science fiction ( often shortened to SF , sci - fi or scifi ) is a genre of speculative fiction , typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology , space travel , time travel , faster than light travel , parallel universes , and extraterrestrial life . Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations , and has been called a " literature of ideas ." It usually avoids the supernatural , and unlike the related genre of fantasy , historically science fiction stories were intended to have a grounding in science - based fact or theory at the time the story was created , but this connection is now limited to ___MASK35___ science fiction . Victor Frankenstein is the title character of ___MASK9___ Shelley ' s 1818 novel " Frankenstein ; or , The Modern Prometheus ". He is a scientist who , after studying chemical processes and the decay of living beings , gains an insight into the creation of life and gives life to his own creature , often referred to as Frankenstein ' s monster , or often colloquially referred to as simply " Frankenstein ". A screenplay writer , screenwriter for short , scriptwriter or scenarist is a writer who practices the craft of screenwriting , writing screenplays on which mass ___MASK3___ such as films , television programs , comics or video games are based . Hammer Film Productions is a British film production company based in ___MASK55___ . Founded in 1934 , the company is best known for a series of Gothic " Hammer Horror " films made from the mid - 1950s until the 1970s . Hammer also produced science fiction , thrillers , film noir and comedies  and , in later years , television series . During its most successful years , Hammer dominated the horror film market , enjoying worldwide distribution and considerable financial success . This success was due , in part , to distribution partnerships with major United States studios , such as Warner Bros . Film noir is a cinematic term used primarily to describe stylish ___MASK64___ crime dramas , particularly such that emphasize cynical attitudes and sexual motivations . ___MASK64___ ' s classical film noir period is generally regarded as extending from the early 1940s to the late 1950s . Film noir of this era is associated with a low - key black - and - white visual style that has roots in German Expressionist cinematography . Many of the prototypical stories and much of the attitude of classic noir derive from the hardboiled school of crime fiction that emerged in the United States during the Great Depression . Terence Fisher ( 23 February 1904  18 June 1980 ) was a British film director who worked for Hammer Films . He was born in ___MASK51___ , a district of ___MASK55___ . Sir Christopher Frank Carandini ___MASK87___ ( 27 May 1922  7 June 2015 ) was an English actor , singer , and author . With a career spanning nearly 70 years , ___MASK87___ initially portrayed villains and became best known for his role as Count Dracula in a sequence of Hammer Horror films . His other film roles include Francisco Scaramanga in the James Bond film " The Man with the Golden Gun " ( 1974 ), Saruman in " The Lord of the Rings " film trilogy ( 2001  2003 ) and " The Hobbit " film trilogy ( 2012  2014 ), and Count Dooku in the final two films of the " Star Wars " prequel trilogy ( 2002 and 2005 ). The mass ___MASK3___ is a diversified collection of ___MASK3___ technologies that reach a large audience via mass communication . The technologies through which this communication takes place include a variety of outlets . Abraham " Bram " Stoker ( 8 November 1847  20 April 1912 ) was an Irish author , ___MASK95___ known today for his 1897 Gothic novel " Dracula ". During his lifetime , he was better known as the personal assistant of ___MASK27___ Henry Irving and business manager of the Lyceum Theatre in ___MASK55___ , which Irving owned . Peter ___MASK69___ Cushing , OBE ( 26 May 191311 August 1994 ) was an English actor and a BAFTA TV Award Best Actor winner in 1956 . He is mainly known for his prolific appearances in Hammer Films , in which he played strong character roles like the sinister scientist Baron Frankenstein , Sherlock Holmes and the vampire hunter Dr . Van Helsing , among many other roles . He appeared frequently opposite Christopher ___MASK87___ and , occasionally , Vincent Price . A familiar face on both sides of the Atlantic , Cushing is best known outside the Hammer productions for playing Dr . Who in " Doctor Who and the Daleks " ( 1965 ) and "" and his performance as Grand Moff Tarkin in " Star Wars " ( 1977 ). Cushing ' s likeness was extensively recreated using digital effects in "" ( 2016 ) which raised questions about the morality of using a deceased actor ' s likeness . The Curse of Frankenstein is a 1957 British horror film by Hammer Film Productions , loosely based on the novel " Frankenstein " ( 1818 ) by ___MASK9___ Shelley . It was Hammer ' s first colour horror film , and the first of their Frankenstein series . Its worldwide success led to several sequels , and the studio ' s new versions of " Dracula " ( 1958 ) and " The Mummy " ( 1959 ) and established " Hammer Horror " as a distinctive brand of Gothic cinema . The film was directed by Terence Fisher and stars Peter ___MASK70___ as Victor Frankenstein , Hazel Court as Elizabeth , and Christopher ___MASK87___ as the creature . Supernatural fiction or supernaturalist fiction is a genre of literary and ___MASK3___ fiction exploiting or requiring as plot devices or themes some contradictions of the commonplace natural world and materialist assumptions about it . Horror film is a film genre that seeks to elicit a negative emotional reaction from viewers by playing on their fears . Inspired by literature from authors like Edgar Allan Poe , Bram Stoker , and ___MASK9___ Shelley , horror films have existed for more than a century . The macabre and the supernatural are frequent themes . Horror may also overlap with the fantasy , supernatural fiction and thriller genres . Edgar Allan Poe ( born Edgar Poe ; January 19 , 1809  October 7 , 1849 ) was an American writer , editor , and literary critic . Poe is ___MASK95___ known for his poetry and short stories , particularly his tales of mystery and the macabre . He is widely regarded as a ___MASK91___ figure of Romanticism in the United States and American literature as a whole , and he was one of the country ' s earliest practitioners of the short story . Poe is generally considered the inventor of the detective fiction genre and is further credited with contributing to the emerging genre of science fiction . He was the first well - known American writer to try to earn a living through writing alone , resulting in a financially difficult life and career . Screenwriting , also called scriptwriting , is the art and craft of writing scripts for mass ___MASK3___ such as feature films , television productions or video games . It is frequently a freelance profession .