occupation william dewsbury
George Fox ( July 1624  13 January 1691 ) was an English Dissenter and a ___MASK91___ of the ___MASK44___ Society of Friends , commonly known as the Quakers or Friends . A ___MASK87___ or sheepherder is a person who tends , herds , feeds , or guards herds of sheep . " ___MASK87___ " derives from Old English " sceaphierde " (" sceap " ' sheep ' + " hierde " ' herder '). The Cathedral and Metropolitical Church of ___MASK83___ Peter in York , commonly known as York Minster , is the cathedral of York , England , and is one of the largest of its kind in Northern Europe . The minster is the seat of the Archbishop of York , the second - highest office of the Church of England , and is the mother church for the Diocese of York and the Province of York . It is run by a ___MASK56___ and chapter , under the ___MASK56___ of York . The title " minster " is attributed to churches established in the Anglo - Saxon period as missionary teaching churches , and serves now as an honorific title . Services in the minster are sometimes regarded as on the High Church or Anglo - Catholic end of the Anglican continuum . The National Library of Scotland is the legal deposit library of Scotland and is one of the country ' s National Collections . Its main base is in Edinburgh city centre . The headquarters is on George IV Bridge , between the Old Town and the university quarter . There is also a more modern building ( 1980s ) in a residential area on the south side of the town centre , on Causewayside . This was built to accommodate some of the specialist collections ( e . g ., map library , ___MASK82___ library ) and to provide large - scale ___MASK33___ storage . Evangelica was a magazine started in 1980 following the controversial dismissal of Seventh - day Adventist ___MASK55___ Desmond Ford . It was published until 1987 , and had an " Evangelical Adventist " perspective . Sacred means revered due to sanctity and is generally the state of being perceived by ___MASK44___ individuals as associated with divinity and considered worthy of spiritual respect or devotion ; or inspiring awe or reverence among believers . Yorkshire ( or ; abbreviated Yorks ), formally known as the County of York , is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in the ___MASK26___ . Due to its great size in comparison to other English counties , functions have been undertaken over time by its subdivisions , which have also been subject to periodic reform . Throughout these changes , Yorkshire has continued to be recognised as a geographical territory and cultural region . The name is familiar and well understood across the ___MASK26___ and is in common use in the media and the military , and also features in the titles of current areas of civil administration such as North Yorkshire , South Yorkshire , West Yorkshire and East Riding of Yorkshire . The word authority ( derived from the Latin word " auctoritas ") can be used to mean the right to exercise power given by the State ( in the form of government , judges , ___MASK25___ officers , etc .), or by ___MASK68___ knowledge of an area ( someone that can be an authority on a subject ). Leeds is a city in West Yorkshire , England . Historically in Yorkshire ' s West Riding , the history of Leeds can be traced to the 5th century when the name referred to a wooded area of the Kingdom of Elmet . The name has been applied to many administrative entities over the centuries . It changed from being the appellation of a small manorial borough in the 13th century , through several incarnations , to being the name attached to the present metropolitan borough . In the 17th and 18th centuries Leeds became a ___MASK19___ centre for the production and trading of wool . The National Museum of Scotland , Edinburgh , Scotland , was formed in 2006 with the merger of the new Museum of Scotland , with collections relating to Scottish antiquities , culture and history , and the adjacent Royal Museum ( so renamed in 1995 ), with collections covering ___MASK82___ and technology , natural history , and world cultures . The two connected buildings stand beside each other on Chambers Street , by the intersection with the George IV Bridge , in central Edinburgh . The museum is part of National Museums Scotland . Admission is free . Westmorland ( formerly also spelt " Westmoreland "; even older spellings are " Westmerland " and " Westmereland ") is an area of North West England and one of the 39 historic counties of England . It formed an administrative county from 1889 to 1974 , after which the whole county was administered by the new administrative county of Cumbria . In 2013 , ___MASK71___ of State for Communities and Local Government Eric Pickles formally recognised and acknowledged the continued existence of England ' s 39 historic counties , including Westmorland . A ___MASK81___ is a ___MASK8___ who lives a possibly semi - nomadic life , caring for various domestic animals , in places where these animals wander pasture lands . A Christian denomination is a distinct ___MASK44___ body within Christianity , identified by traits such as a name , organisation , leadership and doctrine . Individual bodies , however , may use alternative terms to describe themselves , such as church or sometimes fellowship . Divisions between one group and another are defined by authority and doctrine ; issues such as the nature of Jesus , the authority of apostolic succession , eschatology , and papal primacy may separate one denomination from another . Groups of denominations  often sharing broadly similar beliefs , practices , and historical ties  are sometimes known as " branches of Christianity " or " denominational families ". A capital city ( or simply capital ) is the municipality exercising primary status in a country , state , province , or other region , usually as its seat of government . A capital is typically a city that physically encompasses the offices and meeting places of its respective government ; the status as capital is often designated by its law or constitution . In some jurisdictions , including several countries , the different branches of government are located in different settlements . In some cases , a distinction is made between the ___MASK78___ ( constitutional ) capital and the seat of government , which is in another place . North West England , one of nine ___MASK78___ regions of England , consists of the five counties of Cheshire , Cumbria , Greater Manchester , Lancashire and Merseyside . The North West had a population of 7 , 052 , 000 in 2011 . It is the third most populated region in the ___MASK26___ after the South East and Greater London . Cumberland (; locally ) is a historic county of North West England that had an administrative function from the 12th century until 1974 . It was bordered by Northumberland to the east , County Durham to the southeast , Westmorland and Lancashire to the south , and Dumfriesshire in Scotland to the north . It formed an administrative county from 1889 to 1974 ( excluding Carlisle from 1914 ) and now forms part of Cumbria . ( In rhotic varieties of English , the pronunciation is kmbrlnd , that is , with a plain " ___MASK32___ " sound in the middle syllable .) James Nayler ( or Naylor ; 1616  1660 ) was an English Quaker ___MASK90___ . He is among the members of the Valiant Sixty , a group of early Quaker preachers and missionaries . At the peak of his career , he preached against enclosure and the slave trade . Salvation ( Latin " salvatio "; Greek " stria "; Hebrew " yasha ") is being saved or protected from harm or being saved or delivered from some dire situation . In ___MASK15___ , salvation is stated as the saving of the soul from sin and its consequences . Sedbergh ( or ) is a small town and civil parish in Cumbria , England . Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire , it lies about east of Kendal and about north of Kirkby Lonsdale . The town sits just within the Yorkshire Dales National Park . Sedbergh is at the foot of the Howgill Fells on the north ___MASK96___ of the River Rawthey which joins the River Lune about 2 miles ( 2 km ) below the town . Infant baptism is the practice of baptising infants or young children . In theological discussions , the practice is sometimes referred to as paedobaptism , or pedobaptism , from the Greek " pais " meaning " child ". The practice is sometimes contrasted with what is called " believer ' s baptism ", or credobaptism , from the Latin word " credo " meaning " I believe ", which is the ___MASK44___ practice of baptising only individuals who personally confess faith in Jesus , therefore excluding underage children . Opposition to infant baptism is termed catabaptism . Infant baptism is also called " christening " by some faith traditions . The ___MASK27___ Assembly of the Church of Scotland is the ___MASK69___ and highest court of the Church of Scotland , and is thus the Church ' s governing body . It generally meets each year and is chaired by a ___MASK67___ elected at the start of the Assembly . Holbeck is a district in Leeds , West Yorkshire , England . The rule of law is the legal principle that law should govern a nation , as opposed to being governed by arbitrary decisions of individual government officials . It primarily refers to the influence and authority of law within society , particularly as a constraint upon behaviour , including behaviour of government officials . The phrase can be traced back to 16th century Britain , and in the following century the Scottish ___MASK55___ Samuel Rutherford used the phrase in his argument against the divine right of kings . John Locke defined freedom under the rule of law as follows : Cumbria (; locally ) is a non - metropolitan county in North West England . The county and Cumbria County Council , its local government , came into existence in 1974 after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972 . Cumbria ' s county town is Carlisle , in the north of the county , and the only other ___MASK19___ urban area is Barrow - in - Furness on the southwestern tip of the county . A tribunal , generally , is any person or institution with authority to ___MASK92___ , adjudicate on , or determine claims or disputes  whether or not it is called a tribunal in its title . For example , an advocate who appears before a court with a single ___MASK92___ could describe that ___MASK92___ as ' their tribunal '. Many governmental bodies that are titled ' tribunals ' are so described to emphasize that they are not courts of normal jurisdiction . For example , the International ___MASK64___ Tribunal for Rwanda is a body specially constituted under international law ; in Great Britain , employment tribunals are bodies set up to hear specific employment disputes . Private judicial bodies are also often styled ' tribunals '. The word " tribunal " is not conclusive of a body ' s function . For example , in Great Britain , the Employment Appeal Tribunal is a superior court of record . ___MASK46___ is a ministry in Christian Churches that is generally associated with service of some kind , but which varies among theological and denominational traditions . In many traditions the " diaconate " ( or deaconate ), the term for a ___MASK46___ ' s office , is a clerical office ; in others it is for laity . Soul competency is a Christian theological perspective on the accountability of each person before God . According to this view , neither one ' s family relationships , church membership , or ecclesiastical or ___MASK44___ authorities can affect salvation of one ' s soul from damnation . Instead , under this view , each person is responsible to God for his or her own personal faith in Jesus Christ and his death and resurrection . The West Riding of Yorkshire is one of the three historic subdivisions of Yorkshire , England . From 1889 to 1974 the administrative county , County of York , West Riding ( abbreviated : " County of York ( W . ___MASK32___ .)") ( the area under the control of West Riding County Council ), was based closely on the historic boundaries . The lieutenancy at that time included the City of York and as such was named West Riding of the County of York and the County of the City of York . William Dewsbury ( ca . 1621 -- 1688 ) was Quaker minister in the early period of the movement . He was born in Allerthorpe , Yorkshire , around 1621 . Little is known about his parents and education , apart from the fact that his father died when he was eight years old . Deswbury studied both scripture and other ___MASK44___ texts from an early age . Until around the age of 13 he worked as a ___MASK87___ in Allerthorpe - after which he became an apprentice to a weaver in Holbeck . In 1642 , his brief experience in the Parliamentary Army led him to reject fighting with `` carnall '' weapons on ___MASK44___ grounds . Dewsbury travelled to Edinburgh , having become interested in Presbyterianism , but was disappointed by the formality of the Scottish faith . It is unknown when Dewsbury married , but a date of around 1649 has been proposed . It is known that his wife , whose first name was Ann , came from York , and that they were married in an Anabaptist ceremony . The couple unsuccessfully attempted to regain some former property of Ann Dewsbury , which had been taken by her brother , in court . In 1651 he met the prominent English Dissenter and early Quaker George Fox in the house of a Lieutenant Roper , near Balsby . Also present were Thomas Goodaire , James Nayler and Richard Farnsworth . In 1652 he became a Quaker minister , and travelled through Westmoreland , Cumberland and Lancashire preaching . During this journey , both Dewsbury and Robert Widders , an associate , were attacked by a group of Baptists while speaking in Carlisle , and Widders was later imprisoned . He spoke in Sedbergh in 1653 , and was imprisoned in York after being accused of blasphemy by a local priest in 1654 . However , he was set free by proclamation soon afterwards when the authorities realised that the evidence against him was spurious . Dewsbury died in Warwick on 17 June 1688 . A court is a tribunal , often as a government institution , with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties and carry out the administration of ___MASK100___ in civil , ___MASK64___ , and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law . In both common law and civil law legal systems , courts are the central means for dispute resolution , and it is generally understood that all persons have an ability to bring their claims before a court . Similarly , the rights of those accused of a crime include the right to present a defense before a court . The Valiant Sixty were a group of early leaders and activists in the ___MASK44___ Society of Friends ( Quakers ). They were itinerant preachers , mostly from northern England , who spread the ideas of the Friends during the second half of the 17th century . They were also called the First Publishers of Truth . There were actually more than sixty of them . Skåne County , sometimes referred to as " Scania County " in English , is the southernmost county or " län ", of Sweden , basically corresponding to the traditional province Skåne . It borders the counties of Halland , Kronoberg and Blekinge . The seat of residence for the Skåne ___MASK49___ is the town of Malmö . The headquarters of Skåne Regional Council is the town of Kristianstad . Scotland ( Scots : ) is a country that is part of the ___MASK26___ and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain . It shares a border with England to the south , and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the North Sea to the east and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the south - west . In addition to the mainland , the country is made up of more than 790 islands , including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides . Presbyterianism is a part of the Reformed tradition within Protestantism which traces its origins to Scotland . Baptists are individuals who comprise a group of Evangelical Christian denominations and churches that subscribe to a doctrine that baptism should be performed only for professing believers ( believer ' s baptism , as opposed to infant baptism ), and that it must be done by complete immersion ( as opposed to affusion or sprinkling ). Other tenets of Baptist churches include soul competency ( liberty ), salvation through faith alone , Scripture alone as the rule of faith and practice , and the autonomy of the local congregation . Baptists recognize two ministerial offices , elders and deacons . Baptist churches are widely considered to be Protestant churches , though some Baptists disavow this identity . Balsby is a locality situated in Kristianstad Municipality , Skåne County , Sweden with 430 inhabitants in 2010 . A burgh was an autonomous corporate entity in Scotland and Northern England , usually a town , or toun in Scots . This type of administrative division existed from the 12th century , when ___MASK4___ David I created the first royal burghs . Burgh status was broadly analogous to borough status , found in the rest of the ___MASK26___ . Following local government reorganization in 1975 the title of " royal burgh " remains in use in many towns , but now has little more than ceremonial value . England is a country that is part of the ___MASK26___ . It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west . The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest . England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south . The country covers five - eighths of the island of Great Britain ( which lies in the North Atlantic ) in its centre and south ; and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly , and the Isle of Wight . Law is a system of rules that are created and enforced through social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior . State - enforced laws can be made by a collective legislature or by a single ___MASK38___ , resulting in statutes , by the executive through decrees and regulations , or established by judges through precedent , normally in common law jurisdictions . Private individuals can create legally binding contracts , including arbitration agreements that may elect to accept alternative arbitration to the normal court process . The formation of laws themselves may be influenced by a constitution , written or tacit , and the rights encoded therein . The law shapes politics , economics , history and society in various ways and serves as a mediator of relations between people . York is a historic walled city at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire , England . The municipality is the traditional county town of Yorkshire to which it gives its name . The city has a rich heritage and has provided the backdrop to ___MASK19___ political events in England throughout much of its two millennia of existence . The city offers a wealth of historic attractions , of which York Minster is the most prominent , and a variety of cultural and sporting activities making it a popular tourist destination for millions . Common law ( also known as case law or precedent ) is law developed by judges , courts , and similar tribunals , stated in decisions that nominally decide individual cases but that in addition have precedential effect on future cases . Common law is a third branch of law , in contrast to and on equal footing with statutes which are adopted through the legislative process , and regulations which are promulgated by the executive branch . In cases where the parties disagree on what the law is , a common law court looks to past precedential decisions of relevant courts . If a similar dispute has been resolved in the past , the court is usually bound to follow the reasoning used in the ___MASK84___ decision ( a principle known as " stare decisis "). If , however , the court finds that the current dispute is fundamentally distinct from all previous cases ( called a " matter of first impression "), judges have the authority and duty to resolve the issue ( one party or the other has to win , and on disagreements of law , judges make that decision ). Resolution of the issue in one case becomes precedent that binds future courts . " Stare decisis ", the principle that cases should be decided according to consistent principled rules so that similar facts will yield similar results , lies at the heart of all common law systems . Old English or Anglo - Saxon is the earliest historical form of the English language , spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the early Middle Ages . It was brought to Great Britain by Anglo - Saxon settlers probably in the mid 5th century , and the first Old English ___MASK70___ works date from the mid - 7th century . After the Norman Conquest of 1066 , English was replaced , for a time , as the language of the upper classes by Anglo - Norman , a relative of French , and Old English developed into the next historical form of English , known as Middle English . Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 local government council areas . Located in Lothian on the Firth of Forth ' s southern shore , it is Scotland ' s second most populous city and the seventh most populous in the ___MASK26___ . The 2014 official population estimates are 464 , 990 for the city of Edinburgh , 492 , 680 for the local authority area , and 1 , 339 , 380 for the city region as of 2014 ( Edinburgh lies at the heart of the proposed Edinburgh and South East Scotland city region ). Recognised as the capital of Scotland since at least the 15th century , Edinburgh is home to the Scottish Parliament and the seat of the monarchy in Scotland . The city is also the annual venue of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland and home to national institutions such as the National Museum of Scotland , the National Library of Scotland and the Scottish National Gallery . It is the largest financial centre in the UK after London . Blasphemy is the act of insulting or showing contempt or lack of reverence to a deity , to ___MASK44___ or holy persons or sacred things , or toward something considered sacred or inviolable . Warwick is the county town of Warwickshire , England . The town lies upon the River Avon , south of Coventry and just west of Leamington Spa and Whitnash with which it is conjoined . At the 2011 ___MASK26___ census , it had a population of 31 , 345 . Believer ' s baptism ( occasionally called credobaptism , from the Latin word " credo " meaning " I believe ") is the Christian practice of baptism as this is understood by many evangelical denominations , particularly those that descend from the Anabaptist and English Baptist tradition . According to their understanding , a person is baptized on the basis of his or her ___MASK18___ of faith in Jesus Christ and as admission into a local community of faith .