located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity tsaparang
___MASK94___ , officially the People ' s Republic of ___MASK94___ ( PRC ), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia . With a population of over 1 . 381 billion , it is the world ' s most populous country . The state is governed by the Communist Party of ___MASK94___ , and its capital is Beijing . It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces , five autonomous regions , four direct - controlled municipalities ( Beijing , Tianjin , Shanghai , and Chongqing ), and two mostly self - governing special administrative regions ( Hong Kong and Macau ), and claims sovereignty over Taiwan . The country ' s major urban areas include Shanghai , Guangzhou , Beijing , Chongqing , Shenzhen , Tianjin and Hong Kong . ___MASK94___ is a great power and a major regional power within Asia , and has been characterized as a potential superpower . ___MASK72___ and Kashmir is a state in northern India , often denoted by the acronym J & K . It is located mostly in the Himalayan mountains , and shares borders with the states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab to the south . ___MASK72___ and Kashmir has an international border with ___MASK94___ in the north and east , and the Line of Control separates it from the Pakistani - administered territories of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit - Baltistan in the west and northwest respectively . The state has special autonomy under Article 370 of the Constitution of India . Sênggêzangbo ( named after Sênggê Zangbo , a ___MASK83___ in Ngari ), or Shiquanhe ( i . e . " Lion Spring ___MASK83___ Town "), is the main town ___MASK27___ ___MASK42___ , Tibet . Shiquanhe is located on the confluence ___MASK27___ Sênggê Zangbo ( Indus ___MASK83___ ) and Gar ___MASK83___ . The Transhimalaya ( also spelled Trans - Himalaya ) or " Gangdise  Nyenchen Tanglha range ", is a 1600 - kilometer - long ___MASK53___ range in ___MASK94___ , extending in a west  east direction parallel to the main Himalayan range . Located north of Yarlung Tsangpo river on the southern edge of the Tibetan Plateau , the Transhimalaya is composed of the Gangdise range to the west and the Nyenchen Tanglha range to the east . The Spiti Valley is a desert ___MASK53___ valley located high in the Himalaya mountains in the north - eastern part ___MASK27___ the ___MASK38___ state ___MASK27___ Himachal Pradesh . The name " Spiti " means " The Middle Land ", i . e . the land between Tibet and ___MASK44___ . The Brahmaputra ( is one ___MASK27___ the major rivers ___MASK27___ Asia , a trans - boundary river which flows through ___MASK94___ , India and Bangladesh . As such , it is known by various names in the region . In , IAST : ; Yarlung Tsangpo ; . It is also called Tsangpo - Brahaputra ( when referring to the whole river including the stretch within Tibet ), and the Jamuna River in Bangladesh . The Manas River that runs through Bhutan joins it at Jogighopa , in India . It is the tenth largest river in the world by discharge , and the 29th longest . Zanskar or Zangskar ( Ladakhi : " zangs dkar "    ) is a subdistrict or tehsil ___MASK27___ the ___MASK23___ , which lies in the eastern half ___MASK27___ the Indian state ___MASK27___ ___MASK72___ and Kashmir . The administrative centre is Padum . Zanskar , together with the neighbouring region ___MASK27___ Ladakh , was briefly a part ___MASK27___ the kingdom ___MASK27___ Guge in Western Tibet . Burang , known as Purang in Tibetan , is the administrative ___MASK21___ of Burang County , ___MASK42___ of in the Tibet Autonomous Region "( TAR )" ( ___MASK94___ ). The town lies at 4 , 755 metres ( 13 , 205 feet ) altitude in the valley of the Karnali River . To the south are Gurla Mandhata ( Mount Namonanyi ) and the Abi Gamin ranges . Lake Manasarovar and Mount Kailash are to the north . This region is the mythological and actual river nexus of the Himalaya with sources of the Indus , Ganges and Yarlung Tsangpo / Brahmaputra all within of Burang . A ___MASK83___ is a natural flowing watercourse , usually ___MASK36___ , flowing towards an ocean , sea , lake or another ___MASK83___ . In some cases a ___MASK83___ flows into the ground and becomes dry at the end of its course without reaching another body of water . Small rivers can be referred to using names such as stream , creek , brook , rivulet , and rill . There are no official definitions for the generic term ___MASK83___ as applied to geographic features , although in some countries or communities a stream is defined by its size . Many names for small rivers are specific to geographic location ; examples are " run " in some parts of the United States , " burn " in Scotland and northeast England , and " beck " in northern England . Sometimes a ___MASK83___ is defined as being larger than a creek , but not always : the language is vague . Lake Manasarovar ( also Manas Sarovar , Mapam Yumtso ) is a ___MASK36___ lake in the Tibet Autonomous Region , from Lhasa . To the west of it is Lake Rakshastal ; to the north is Mount Kailash . Jainism ( or ), traditionally known as Jain Dharma , is an ancient ___MASK38___ religion belonging to the " ramaa " tradition . The central tenet is non - violence and respect towards all living beings . The three main principles of Jainism are " ahimsa " ( non - violence ), " anekantavada " ( non - absolutism ) and " aparigraha " ( non - possessiveness ). Followers of Jainism take five main vows : " ahimsa " ( non - violence ), " satya " ( not lying ), " asteya " ( not stealing ), " brahmacharya " ( chastity ) and " aparigraha " ( non - attachment ). Jain monks and nuns observe these vows absolutely whereas householders (" rvakas ") observe them within their practical limitations . Self - discipline and asceticism are thus major focuses of Jainism . Notably , Mahatma Gandhi was greatly influenced by Jainism and adopted many Jain principles in his life . Aksai Chin (" Aks '  cin "; Urdu :   ) is one ___MASK27___ the two main disputed border areas between ___MASK94___ and India , the other being a part ___MASK27___ Arunachal Pradesh . It is administered by ___MASK94___ as part ___MASK27___ Hotan County , which lies in the southwestern part ___MASK27___ Hotan Prefecture ___MASK27___ Xinjiang Autonomous Region , but is also claimed by India as a part ___MASK27___ the Ladakh region ___MASK27___ the state ___MASK27___ Jammu and Kashmir . In 1962 , ___MASK94___ and India fought a brief war over Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh , but in 1993 and 1996 , the two countries signed agreements to respect the Line ___MASK27___ Actual Control . ___MASK33___ ( Tibetan :         wylie : rtsa mda ' rdzong ; Chinese :  ; Pinyin : Zhádá Xiàn ) is a county in the ___MASK42___ to the extreme south west of the Tibet Autonomous Region of ___MASK94___ . Buddhism ( or ) is a religion and dharma that encompasses a variety ___MASK27___ traditions , beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on teachings attributed to the Buddha . Buddhism originated in ___MASK44___ sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE , from where it spread through much ___MASK27___ Asia , whereafter it declined in ___MASK44___ during the middle ages . Two major extant branches ___MASK27___ Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars : Theravada ( Pali : " The School ___MASK27___ the Elders ") and Mahayana ( Sanskrit : " The Great Vehicle "). Buddhism is the world ' s fourth - largest religion , with over 500 million followers or 7 % ___MASK27___ the global population , known as Buddhists . ___MASK9___ is the northernmost geographical region ___MASK27___ the ___MASK38___ subcontinent . Until the mid - 19th century , the term " ___MASK9___ " denoted only the valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal mountain range . Today , it denotes a larger area that includes the ___MASK38___ - administered territory ___MASK27___ ___MASK72___ and ___MASK9___ ( subdivided into ___MASK72___ , ___MASK9___ , and Ladakh divisions ), the Pakistani - administered territories ___MASK27___ ___MASK86___ and Gilgit - Baltistan , and Chinese - administered territories ___MASK27___ Aksai Chin and the Trans - Karakoram Tract . Tibet ( Tibetan Pinyin : " boe ", ; / i t  s¹ /) is a region on the Tibetan Plateau in Asia . It is the traditional homeland ___MASK27___ the Tibetan people as well as some other ethnic groups such as Monpa , Qiang , and Lhoba peoples and is now also inhabited by considerable numbers ___MASK27___ Han Chinese and Hui people . Tibet is the highest region on Earth , with an average elevation ___MASK27___ . The highest elevation in Tibet is Mount Everest , Earth ' s highest mountain , rising 8 , 848 m ( 29 , 029 ft ) above sea level . Guge was an ancient kingdom in Western Tibet . The kingdom was centered in present - day ___MASK33___ , ___MASK42___ , Tibet Autonomous Region . At various points in history after the 10th century AD , the kingdom held sway over a vast area including south - eastern Zanskar , Upper ___MASK5___ , and Spiti Valley , either by conquest or as tributaries . The ruins of the former capital of the Guge kingdom are located at Tsaparang in the Sutlej valley , not far from Mount Kailash and westwards from Lhasa . ___MASK44___ , officially the Republic of ___MASK44___ (" Bhrat Gaarjya "), is a country in South Asia . It is the seventh - largest country by area , the second - most populous country ( with over 1 . 2 billion people ), and the most populous democracy in the world . It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south , the Arabian Sea on the ___MASK90___ , and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast . It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west ; ___MASK94___ , Nepal , and Bhutan to the northeast ; and Myanmar ( Burma ) and Bangladesh to the east . In the Indian Ocean , ___MASK44___ is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives . ___MASK44___ ' s Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia . Its capital is New Delhi ; other metropolises include Mumbai , Kolkata , Chennai , Bangalore , Hyderabad and Ahmedabad . ___MASK14___ (" land ___MASK27___ high passes ") ( Ladakhi :      " la ' dwags "; ) is a region in ___MASK38___ state ___MASK27___ ___MASK72___ and Kashmir that currently extends from the Kunlun mountain range to the main Great Himalayas to the south , inhabited by people ___MASK27___ Indo - Aryan and Tibetan descent . It is one ___MASK27___ the most sparsely populated regions in ___MASK72___ and Kashmir and its culture and history are closely related to that ___MASK27___ Tibet . Hinduism is a religion , or a way ___MASK27___ life , found ___MASK95___ notably in ___MASK44___ and Nepal . Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world , and some practitioners and scholars refer to it as "", " the eternal law ," or the " eternal way ," beyond human origins . Scholars regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis ___MASK27___ various Indian cultures and traditions , with diverse roots and no founder . This " Hindu synthesis " started to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE following the Vedic period ( 1500 BCE to 500 BCE ). Kinnaur is one ___MASK27___ twelve administrative districts in the ___MASK38___ state ___MASK27___ Himachal Pradesh , ___MASK44___ . The district is divided into three administrative areas  Pooh , Kalpa , and Nichar  and has five tehsils ( counties ). The administrative headquarters ___MASK27___ ___MASK5___ is at Reckong Peo . From here Kinnaur Kailash , considered to be the abode ___MASK27___ Lord Shiva , can be viewed . As ___MASK27___ 2011 it is the second least populous district ___MASK27___ Himachal Pradesh ( out ___MASK27___ 12 district ), after Lahaul and Spiti , but there are nine vital languages are spoken in the district . ___MASK42___ is a prefecture of ___MASK94___ ' s Tibet Autonomous Region . Its capital is Gar County . Its administrative centre is the town of Burang Town . The largest settlement is Shiquanhe . ___MASK42___ includes part of the Aksai Chin area , a disputed region claimed by India but over which ___MASK94___ exercises administrative control . The paved Xinjiang - Tibet Highway passes through this area . There are well - known prehistoric petroglyphs near the far western town of Rutog . Mount Kailash ( also Mount Kailas ; Kangrinboqê or " Gang Rinpoche " ( Tibetan :          ) ( Kailsa ) is a peak in the Kailash Range ( Gangdisê Mountains ), which forms part ___MASK27___ the Transhimalaya in Tibet . It lies near the source ___MASK27___ some ___MASK27___ the longest rivers in Asia : the Indus River , the Sutlej River ( a major tributary ___MASK27___ the Indus River ), the Brahmaputra River , and the Karnali River ( a tributary ___MASK27___ the River Ganga ). It is considered a sacred place in four religions : Bön , Buddhism , Hinduism and Jainism . The mountain lies near Lake Manasarovar and Lake Rakshastal in Tibet Autonomous Region , ___MASK94___ . ___MASK32___ is a city and administrative capital of the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People ' s Republic of ___MASK94___ . The main urban area of ___MASK32___ is roughly equivalent to the administrative borders of Chengguan District , which is part of the wider ___MASK32___ prefecture - level city , an area formerly administered as a prefecture . The Sutlej ___MASK83___ ( alternatively spelled as " Satluj " ___MASK83___ ) ( Hindi :    , Punjabi :    , Sanskrit :     ( shatadru ) ) is the longest ___MASK27___ the five rivers that flow through the historic crossroads region ___MASK27___ Punjab in ___MASK70___ ___MASK44___ and Pakistan . The Sutlej ___MASK83___ is also known as Satadree . It is the easternmost tributary ___MASK27___ the Indus ___MASK83___ . Lake Rakshastal ( Rakshas Tal ; Sanskrit :         ; Wylie transliteration : " lag - ngar mtsho "; Chinese :  , Pinyin : " L ' áng Cuò "; La ' nga Co ) is a lake in Tibet , ___MASK94___ , lying just west of Lake Manasarovar and south of Mount Kailash . The Sutlej River originates at Rakshastal ' s northwestern tip . Despite its close proximity to Lake Manasarovar ( about ), Lake Rakshastal does not share the historic religious significance of its eastern neighbor . The ___MASK18___ ( TAR ) or Xizang Autonomous Region , called Tibet or Xizang for short , is a province - level autonomous region ___MASK27___ the People ' s Republic ___MASK27___ ___MASK94___ ( PRC ). It was formally established in 1965 to replace the Tibet Area , an administrative division the PRC inherited from the Republic ___MASK27___ ___MASK94___ ( ROC ), about 5 years after the dismissal ___MASK27___ the Kashag by the PRC following the 1959 Tibetan uprising , and about 13 years from the Tibet ' s incorporation into the PRC in 1951 . Tsaparang was the capital ___MASK27___ the ancient kingdom ___MASK27___ Guge in the Garuda Valley , through which the upper Sutlej River flows , in ___MASK42___ ( Western Tibet ) near the border ___MASK27___ Ladakh . It is 278 km south - ___MASK90___ ___MASK27___ Senggezangbo Town and 26 km west ___MASK27___ the 11th - century monastery at Thöling , and not far west ___MASK27___ Mount Kailash and Lake Manasarovar . The Tsaparang Dzong was located here . Nearby is the Bon monastery ___MASK27___ Gurugem . Tsaparang is a huge fortress perched on a pyramid - shaped rock rising about 500 to 600 feet ( 152 to 183 m ) at the end ___MASK27___ a long narrow spur . It contains numerous tunnels and caves that have been carved out ___MASK27___ the rock . At its base was a village where the common people lived . Above them were two public temples - the Lhakhang Marpo ( Red Chapel ) and the Lhakhang Karpo ( White Chapel ) , and quarters for the monks . Further up , ascending a twisting stone staircase in a tunnel , were the royal quarters , and at the very top , the summer palace . TV Presenter and historian Michael Wood , in the `` Shangri - La '' episode ___MASK27___ the BBC TV / PBS documentary series In Search ___MASK27___ Myths and Heroes , suggested that Tsaparang was the historical origin ___MASK27___ the legend ___MASK27___ Shangri - La , and that its two great temples were once home to the kings ___MASK27___ Guge in modern Tibet . The Indus ___MASK83___ , also called Darya - e - ___MASK19___ or Sindh ___MASK83___ or Absn , is a major south - flowing river in South Asia . The total length ___MASK27___ the river is which makes it one ___MASK27___ the longest rivers in Asia . Originating in the western part ___MASK27___ Tibet in the vicinity ___MASK27___ Mount Kailash and Lake Manasarovar , the river runs a course through Ladakh , ___MASK73___ - Baltistan , and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , and then flows along the entire length ___MASK27___ Punjab to merge into the Arabian Sea near the city ___MASK27___ Thatta in ___MASK19___ . It is the longest river ___MASK27___ Pakistan .