ethnic_group qamar zaman
___MASK8___ , officially the Republic of ___MASK8___ (" Bhrat Gaarjya "), is a country in South ___MASK15___ . It is the seventh - largest country by area , the second - most populous country ( with over 1 . 2 billion people ), and the most populous democracy in the world . It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south , the Arabian Sea on the southwest , and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast . It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west ; China , Nepal , and Bhutan to the northeast ; and Myanmar ( Burma ) and Bangladesh to the east . In the Indian Ocean , ___MASK8___ is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives . ___MASK8___ ' s Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia . Its capital is New Delhi ; other metropolises include Mumbai , Kolkata , Chennai , Bangalore , Hyderabad and Ahmedabad . Balochistan ( Balochi , Pashto , , ), is one of the four provinces of ___MASK7___ , located in the southwestern region of the country . Its provincial capital and largest city is Quetta . It shares borders with Punjab and the Federally Administered Tribal Areas to the northeast , Sindh to the southeast , the Arabian Sea to the south , Iran to the west , and Afghanistan to the north . Qamar Zaman ( born 1952 , in Quetta , ___MASK7___ ) is a former squash player from ___MASK7___ . He was one of the leading players in the game in the 1970s and 1980s . His biggest triumph was winning the British Open in 1975 . He lives in Peshawar . Qamar won the ___MASK7___ junior squash championship in 1968 . On his first trip to the United Kingdom in 1973 , he reached the semi - finals of the British Amateur championship . In 1974 , he reached the semi - finals of the British Open and won the Australian Amateur championship . In the 1975 British Open , Qamar beat the defending - champion Geoff Hunt of Australia in the quarter - finals , and went on to win the title beating his fellow Pakistani player Gogi Alauddin in the final 9 - 7 , 9 - 6 , 9 - 1 . Subsequently , Qamar reached the British Open final on four further occasions . He was runner - up to Hunt in 1978 , 1979 and 1980 , and to Jahangir Khan in 1984 . He was also runner - up at the World Open four times , losing to Hunt in the finals of 1976 , 1979 and 1980 , and to Jahangir in 1984 . An Islamic republic is the name given to several states in countries ruled by Islamic laws , including the Islamic Republics of ___MASK7___ , Iran , Afghanistan , and Mauritania . ___MASK7___ first adopted the title under the constitution of 1956 . Mauritania adopted it on 28 November 1958 . Iran adopted it after the 1979 Iranian Revolution that overthrew the Pahlavi dynasty . Afghanistan adopted it in 1992 ( in 1996  2001 the Taliban was ruling as an Islamic emirate ( monarchy )) upon Jamiat - e Islami seizing capital Kabul from the Communists . Despite the similar name the countries differ greatly in their governments and laws . Peshawar is the capital of the ___MASK20___ province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , and also serves as the administrative centre and economic hub for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas . Situated in a broad valley near the eastern end of the historic Khyber Pass , close to the border with Afghanistan , Peshawar ' s recorded history dates back to at least 539 B . C . E ., making it the oldest city in ___MASK7___ and one of the oldest in South ___MASK15___ . Peshawar is the largest city of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province , and according to the last census is the ninth - largest city of ___MASK7___ . Western ___MASK15___ , West ___MASK15___ , Southwestern ___MASK15___ or Southwest ___MASK15___ is the westernmost subregion of ___MASK15___ . The concept is in limited use , as it significantly overlaps with the Middle East ( or Near East ), the main difference being the exclusion of Egypt ( which would be counted as part of North Africa ). The term is sometimes used for the purposes of grouping countries in statistics . Tajikistan (, or ), officially the Republic of Tajikistan (" Çumhuriji Toçikiston "), is a mountainous , landlocked country in Central ___MASK15___ with an estimated 8 million people in 2013 , and an area of . It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south , Uzbekistan to the west , Kyrgyzstan to the north , and China to the east . Pakistan lies to the south , separated by the narrow Wakhan Corridor . Traditional homelands of Tajik people included present - day Tajikistan , Afghanistan and Uzbekistan . Afghan ( Pashto also Persian :  ; see " etymology ") refers to someone or something from Afghanistan , in particular a citizen of that country . Prior to the rise of the nation as Afghanistan , it was used by Persian speakers and those influenced by the Persian language to denote the ___MASK76___ . In modern times , " Afghan " is rarely used as an ethnic term for the Pashtuns , but is rather used as the national demonym for all citizens of Afghanistan  Pashtuns , Tajiks , and also a large number of Hazaras , Uzbeks , Aimaqs , Turkmens , Balochs , Nuristanis , Pashayis , Pamiris , Arabs , and others . According to the " Encyclopædia Iranica ", the word Afghan ( afn ) in current political usage means any citizen of Afghanistan , regardless of their tribal or religious affiliation . According to the 1964 Constitution of Afghanistan , all Afghans are equal in rights and obligations before the law . The fourth article of the current Constitution of Afghanistan states that citizens of Afghanistan consist of Pashtuns , Tajiks , Hazara , Uzbek , Turkmen , Aymaq , Arab , Baluch , Pashayi , Nuristani , Qezelbash , Gujjars , Brahui , and members of other tribes . Quetta is the provincial capital of Balochistan , ___MASK7___ and the ninth - largest city of ___MASK7___ . The city is known as the fruit garden of ___MASK7___ , due to the numerous fruit orchards in and around it , and the large variety of fruits and dry fruits produced there . The city was also known as Little Paris in the past due to its beauty and geographical location . The immediate area has long been one of pastures and mountains , with varied plants and animals relative to the dry plains to the west . Quetta is at an average elevation of above sea level , making it ___MASK7___ ' s only high - altitude major city . The population of the city is estimated to be approximately 1 , 140 , 000 . The Arabian Sea is a region of the northern Indian Ocean bounded on the north by ___MASK7___ and Iran , on the west by northeastern Somalia and the Arabian Peninsula , and on the east by India . Historically the sea has been known by other names including the Erythraean Sea and the Persian Sea . Its total area is and its maximum depth is . The Gulf of Aden is in the southwest , connecting the Arabian Sea to the Red Sea through the strait of Bab - el - Mandeb , and the Gulf of Oman is in the northwest , connecting it to the Persian Gulf . ___MASK7___ ( or ), officially the Islamic Republic of ___MASK7___ , is a federal parliamentary republic in South ___MASK15___ on crossroads of Central ___MASK15___ and Western ___MASK15___ . It is the sixth - most populous country with a population exceeding 200 million people . It is the 36th largest country in the world in terms of area with an area covering . ___MASK7___ has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east , Afghanistan to the west , Iran to the southwest and China in the far northeast respectively . It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan ' s narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north , and also shares a maritime border with Oman . Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ( abbreviated as KP ; ) is one of the four provinces of ___MASK7___ , located in the northwestern region of the country . It was formerly known as North - West Frontier Province ( NWFP ) and commonly called " Sarhad ", which in Urdu means " frontier ." Its provincial capital and largest city is Peshawar , followed by Mardan . It shares borders with the Federally Administered Tribal Areas to the west ; Gilgit  Baltistan to the northeast ; Azad Kashmir , Islamabad and Punjab to the east and southeast . Khyber Pakhtunkhwa " does not " share a border with Balochistan , which lies to its southwest . Khyber Pakhtunkhwa also shares an international border with Afghanistan , connected through the Khyber Pass . The Khyber Pass ( elevation : ) is a mountain pass connecting Afghanistan and ___MASK7___ , cutting through the northeastern part of the Spin Ghar mountains . An integral part of the ancient Silk Road , it is one of the oldest known passes in the world . Throughout history it has been an important trade route between Central ___MASK15___ and the Indian Subcontinent and a strategic military location . The summit of the pass is inside ___MASK7___ at Landi Kotal . The Khyber Pass is part of the Asian Highway 1 ( AH1 ). " Khyber " is the Hebrew word for fort . Iran (, also , ; ' ), also known as Persia , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (' ), is a sovereign state in Western ___MASK15___ . It is bordered to the northwest by Armenia , the " de facto " Nagorno - Karabakh Republic , and Azerbaijan ; to the north by the Caspian Sea ; to the northeast by Turkmenistan ; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan ; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman ; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq . Comprising a land area of , it is the second - largest country in the Middle East and the 18th - largest in the world . With 82 . 8 million inhabitants , Iran is the world ' s 17th - most - populous country . It is the only country with both a Caspian Sea and an Indian Ocean coastline . The country ' s central location in Eurasia and Western ___MASK15___ , and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz , make it of great geostrategic importance . Tehran is the country ' s capital and largest city , as well as its leading economic center . South ___MASK15___ or Southern ___MASK15___ is a term used to represent the southern region of the Asian continent , which comprises the sub - Himalayan SAARC countries and , for some authorities , adjoining countries to the west and east . Topographically , it is dominated by the Indian Plate , which rises above sea level as Nepal and northern parts of India situated south of the Himalayas and the ___MASK44___ Kush . South ___MASK15___ is bounded on the south by the Indian Ocean and on land ( clockwise , from west ) by West ___MASK15___ , Central ___MASK15___ , East ___MASK15___ , and Southeast ___MASK15___ . Central ___MASK15___ or Middle ___MASK15___ is the core region of the Asian continent and stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to China in the east and from Afghanistan in the south to Russia in the north . It is also colloquially referred to as " the ' stans " ( as the six countries generally considered to be within the region all have names ending with the Persian suffix "- stan ", meaning " land of ") and is within the scope of the wider Eurasian continent . The Wakhan Corridor ( alternatively Vakhan Corridor , or Wakhan ) is the narrow strip of territory in northeastern Afghanistan that extends to China and separates Tajikistan from ___MASK7___ . The corridor , wedged between the Pamirs to the north and the Karakoram range to the south , is about long and wide . Afghanistan ( Pashto / Dari : , " Afnistn "), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan , is a landlocked country located within South ___MASK15___ and Central ___MASK15___ . It has a population of approximately 32 million , making it the 42nd most populous country in the world . It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east ; Iran in the west ; Turkmenistan , Uzbekistan , and Tajikistan in the north ; and China in the far northeast . Its territory covers , making it the 41st largest country in the world . Oman (; ' ), officially the Sultanate of Oman , is an ___MASK25___ country on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula . Holding a strategically important position at the mouth of the Persian Gulf , the nation is bordered by the United ___MASK25___ Emirates to the northwest , ___MASK64___ to the west , and Yemen to the southwest , and shares marine borders with Iran and ___MASK7___ . The coast is formed by the Arabian Sea on the southeast and the Gulf of Oman on the northeast . The Madha and Musandam exclaves are surrounded by the UAE on their land borders , with the Strait of Hormuz ( which it shares with Iran ) and Gulf of Oman forming Musandam ' s coastal boundaries . The Federally Administered Tribal Areas ( FATA ; ) is a semi - autonomous tribal region in northwestern ___MASK7___ , bordering ___MASK7___ ' s provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan to the east and south , and Afghanistan ' s provinces of Kunar , Nangarhar , Paktia , Khost and Paktika to the west and north . The Federally Administered Tribal Areas consist of seven tribal agencies ( districts ) and six frontier regions , and are directly governed by ___MASK7___ ' s federal government through a special set of laws called the Frontier Crimes Regulations ( FCR ). China , officially the People ' s Republic of China ( PRC ), is a unitary sovereign state in East ___MASK15___ . With a population of over 1 . 381 billion , it is the world ' s most populous country . The state is governed by the Communist Party of China , and its capital is Beijing . It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces , five autonomous regions , four direct - controlled municipalities ( Beijing , Tianjin , Shanghai , and Chongqing ), and two mostly self - governing special administrative regions ( Hong Kong and Macau ), and claims sovereignty over Taiwan . The country ' s major urban areas include Shanghai , Guangzhou , Beijing , Chongqing , Shenzhen , Tianjin and Hong Kong . China is a great power and a major regional power within ___MASK15___ , and has been characterized as a potential superpower . The Gulf of Oman or Sea of Makran or Sea of Oman (" aldj Umn "; in Balochi :    in " Khaleej Oman ") is a strait ( and not an actual gulf ) that connects the Arabian Sea with the Strait of Hormuz , which then runs to the Persian Gulf . It borders ___MASK7___ and Iran on the north , Oman on the south , and the United Arab Emirates on the west .