instance_of thermidorian reaction
The National ___MASK81___ was formed from the National Assembly on 9 July 1789 during the first stages of the French Revolution . It dissolved on 30 ___MASK28___ 1791 and was succeeded by the ___MASK99___ . Louis Antoine Léon de ___MASK29___ - Just ( ___MASK39___ August 176728 July 1794 ) was a military and political leader during the French Revolution . The youngest of the deputies elected to the National Convention in 1792 , ___MASK29___ - Just rose quickly in their ranks and became a major leader of the ___MASK69___ of the French First Republic . He spearheaded the movement to execute King Louis XVI and later drafted the radical French Constitution of 1793 . The ___MASK86___ of 1793 , also known as the ___MASK86___ of the ___MASK14___ I or the The Montagnard ___MASK86___ , was the second constitution ratified for use during the French Revolution under the First ___MASK47___ . Designed by the Montagnards , principally Maximilien Robespierre and Louis Saint - Just , it was intended to replace the outdated ___MASK86___ of 1791 . With sweeping plans for democratization and wealth redistribution , the new document promised a significant departure from the relatively moderate goals of the Revolution in previous years . The French ___MASK2___ was a ___MASK5___ of far - reaching social and political upheaval in France that lasted from 1789 until 1799 , and was partially carried forward by Napoleon during the later expansion of the French Empire . The ___MASK2___ overthrew the monarchy , established a ___MASK47___ , experienced violent periods of political turmoil , and finally culminated in a ___MASK16___ under Napoleon that rapidly brought many of its principles to Western Europe and beyond . Inspired by liberal and radical ideas , the ___MASK2___ profoundly altered the ___MASK53___ of modern history , triggering the global decline of absolute monarchies while replacing them with republics and liberal democracies . Through the Revolutionary Wars , it unleashed a wave of global conflicts that extended from the Caribbean to the Middle East . Historians widely regard the ___MASK2___ as one of the most important events in human history . The National ___MASK21___ was the third French ___MASK69___ of the French Revolution , following the two - year National Constituent Assembly and the one - year Legislative Assembly . Created after the great insurrection of 10 August 1792 , it was the first French ___MASK69___ organized as a republic , abandoning the monarchy altogether . The ___MASK21___ sat as a ___MASK80___ - chamber assembly from 20 September 1792 to 26 October 1795 ( 4 Brumaire IV under the ___MASK21___ ' s adopted calendar ). Modern ___MASK12___ , the modern period or the modern era , is the global historiographical approach to the timeframe after the Post - classical ___MASK12___ . Modern ___MASK12___ can be further broken down into periods : The Middle East is a transcontinental ___MASK37___ centered on Western Asia and Egypt . The corresponding ___MASK17___ is " Middle - Eastern " and the derived noun is " Middle - Easterner ". The term has come into wider usage as a replacement of the term Near East ( as opposed to Far East ) beginning in the early 20th century . The French Republican ___MASK19___ , also commonly called the French Revolutionary ___MASK19___ (" calendrier révolutionnaire français "), was a ___MASK19___ created and implemented during the French Revolution , and used by the French ___MASK69___ for about 12 years from late 1793 to 1805 , and for 18 days by the Paris Commune in 1871 . The revolutionary system was designed in part to remove all religious and royalist influences from the ___MASK19___ , and was part of a larger attempt at decimalisation in France ( which also included decimal time of ___MASK61___ , decimalisation of currency , and metrication ). The Reign of Terror ( 5 ___MASK28___ 1793  28 July 1794 ), also known as The Terror , was a ___MASK5___ of violence that occurred after the onset of the French Revolution , incited by ___MASK70___ between two rival political factions , the Girondins and Jacobins , and marked by mass executions of " enemies of the revolution ". In the ___MASK12___ of France , the First Republic , officially the French Republic , was founded on 21 September 1792 during the French Revolution . The First Republic lasted until the declaration of the First Empire in 1804 under Napoleon , although the form of the ___MASK69___ changed several times . This period was characterized by the fall of the monarchy , the establishment of the National Convention and the Reign of Terror , the Thermidorian Reaction and the founding of the Directory , and , finally , the creation of the Consulate and Napoleon ' s rise to power . Napoleon Bonaparte (" Napoléon Bonaparte "; , born "" Napoleone di Buonaparte ""; 15 ___MASK84___ 1769  5 May 1821 ) was a French ___MASK40___ and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars . As Napoleon I , he was Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814 , and again in 1815 . Napoleon dominated European and global affairs for more than a decade while leading France against a series of coalitions in the Napoleonic Wars . He won most of these wars and the vast majority of his battles , building a large empire that ruled over continental Europe before its ___MASK41___ collapse in 1815 . One of the greatest commanders in ___MASK12___ , his wars and campaigns are studied at ___MASK40___ schools worldwide . Napoleon ' s political and cultural legacy has ensured his status as one of the most celebrated and controversial leaders in human ___MASK12___ . France , officially the French ___MASK47___ , is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories . The European , or metropolitan , area of France extends from the Mediterranean ___MASK44___ to the English Channel and the North ___MASK44___ , and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean . Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American ___MASK34___ and several island territories in the Atlantic , Pacific and Indian oceans . France spans and had a total population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017 . It is a unitary semi - presidential republic with the capital in Paris , the country ' s largest city and main cultural and commercial centre . Other major urban centres include Marseille , Lyon , Lille , Nice , Toulouse and Bordeaux . A ___MASK83___ is a unit of ___MASK13___ , used with calendars , which is approximately as long as a natural period related to the ___MASK20___ of the Moon ; " ___MASK83___ " and " Moon " are cognates . The traditional concept arose with the cycle of moon phases ; such months ( lunations ) are synodic months and last approximately 29 . 53 days . From excavated tally sticks , researchers have deduced that people counted days in relation to the Moon ' s phases as early as the Paleolithic age . Synodic months , based on the Moon ' s orbital period with respect to the Earth - Sun line , are still the basis of many calendars today , and are used to divide the year . Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre ( 6 ___MASK100___ 1758  28 July 1794 ) was a French lawyer and politician . He was one of the best - known and most influential figures associated with the French Revolution and the Reign of Terror . The Thermidorian Reaction was a coup d ' état within the French ___MASK2___ against the leaders of the Jacobin Club who had dominated the Committee of Public Safety . It was triggered by a vote of the National ___MASK21___ to execute Maximilien Robespierre , Louis Antoine de Saint - Just , and several other leading members of the revolutionary ___MASK69___ . This ended the most radical phase of the French ___MASK2___ . The name Thermidorian refers to 9 Thermidor Year II ( 27 July 1794 ) , the date according to the French Republican Calendar when Robespierre and other radical revolutionaries came under concerted attack in the National ___MASK21___ . Thermidorian Reaction also refers to the remaining period until the National ___MASK21___ was superseded by the Directory ; this is also sometimes called the era of the Thermidorian ___MASK21___ . Prominent figures of Thermidor include Paul Barras , Jean - Lambert Tallien , and Joseph Fouché . Thermidor was the eleventh ___MASK83___ in the French Republican ___MASK19___ . The ___MASK83___ was named after the French word " thermal " which comes from the Greek word " thermos " which means " heat ".