country_of_citizenship barbara kostrzewska
The Warsaw Uprising was a major World War II operation by the Polish resistance Home Army to liberate Warsaw from German occupation . The uprising was timed to coincide with the ___MASK88___ ' s Red Army approaching the eastern suburbs of the city and the retreat of German forces . However , the Soviet advance stopped short , enabling the ___MASK73___ to regroup and demolish the city while defeating the Polish resistance , which fought for 63 days with little outside support . The Uprising was the largest single military effort taken by any European resistance movement during World War II . The Holocaust ( from the Greek ': " hólos ", " whole " and " kaustós ", " burnt "), also referred to as the Shoah "' ( Hebrew : , " HaShoah ", " the catastrophe "), was a genocide in which Adolf Hitler ' s ___MASK56___ and its collaborators killed about six million Jews . The victims included 1 . 5 million children and represented about two - thirds of the nine million Jews who had resided in Europe . Some definitions of the Holocaust include the additional five million non - Jewish victims of Nazi mass murders , bringing the total to about 11 million . Killings took place throughout ___MASK56___ , German - occupied territories , and territories held by allies of ___MASK56___ . The ___MASK88___ , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( USSR " ) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991 . A union of multiple subnational republics , its government and economy were highly centralized . The ___MASK88___ was a one - party federation , governed by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital . World War II ( often abbreviated to WWII or WW2 ), also known as the Second World War , was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945 , although related conflicts began earlier . It involved the vast majority of the world ' s nations  including all of the great powers  eventually forming two opposing military alliances : the Allies and the Axis . It was the most widespread war in history , and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries . In a state of " total war ", the major participants threw their entire economic , industrial , and scientific capabilities behind the war effort , erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources . Marked by mass deaths of civilians , including the Holocaust ( in which approximately 11 million people were killed ) and the strategic bombing of industrial and population centres ( in which approximately one million were killed , and which included the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki ), it resulted in an estimated 50 million to 85 million fatalities . These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history . The United States dropped nuclear weapons on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9 , 1945 , respectively , during the final stage of World War II . The United States had dropped the bombs with the consent of the ___MASK27___ as outlined in the ___MASK61___ Agreement . The two bombings , which killed at least 129 , 000 people , remain the only use of nuclear weapons for warfare in history . During World War II , the ___MASK78___ atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki made Nagasaki the second and , to date , last city in the world to experience a nuclear attack . The Workers ' and Peasants ' Red Army (: RKKA , frequently shortened in Russian to ; KA , in English : Red Army also in critical literature and folklore of that epoch - Red Horde , Army of Work ) was the army and the air force of the ___MASK90___ , and after 1922 the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics . The army was established immediately after the 1917 October Revolution ( Red October or Bolshevik Revolution ). The Bolsheviks raised an army to oppose the military confederations ( especially the various groups collectively known as the White Army ) of their adversaries during the Russian Civil War . Beginning in February 1946 , the Red Army , along with the Soviet Navy , embodied the main component of the Soviet Armed Forces ; taking the official name of " Soviet Army ", until its dissolution in December 1991 . Barbara Kostrzewska ( 1915 -- 1986 ) was a Polish singer and theater director . She performed from late 1930s until after the war , when she became involved in managing several theaters . During World War II she worked for Polish resistance Armia Krajowa and took part in the Warsaw Uprising . She starred in the 1951 film Warsaw Premiere . Warsaw (; see also other names ) is the capital and largest city of ___MASK28___ . It stands on the Vistula River in east - central ___MASK28___ , roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains . Its population is estimated at 1 . 750 million residents within a greater metropolitan area of 3 . 105 million residents , which makes Warsaw the 9th most - populous capital city in the European Union . The city limits cover , while the metropolitan area covers . Total war is warfare that includes any and all civilian - associated resources and infrastructure as legitimate military targets , mobilizes all of the resources of society to fight the war , and gives priority to warfare over non - combatant needs . The ___MASK78___ - English Dictionary defines total war as " war that is unrestricted in terms of the weapons used , the territory or combatants involved , or the objectives pursued , especially one in which the laws of war are disregarded ." The Home Army ( abbreviated AK ) was the dominant Polish resistance movement in ___MASK28___ occupied by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union during World War II . It was formed in February 1942 from the " Zwizek Walki Zbrojnej " ( Armed Resistance ). Over the next two years , it absorbed most other Polish underground forces . Its allegiance was to the Polish Government - in - Exile , and it constituted the armed wing of what became known as the " Polish Underground State ".