parent_taxon little nightjar
A continent is one of several very large landmasses on Earth . Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria , up to seven regions are commonly regarded as continents . Ordered from largest in size to smallest , they are : Asia , Africa , North America , South America , Antarctica , Europe , and Australia . In geology , ___MASK50___ of continental crust include regions covered with water . Paraguay , officially the Republic of Paraguay , is a landlocked country in central South America , bordered by ___MASK19___ to the south and southwest , Brazil to the east and northeast , and Bolivia to the northwest . Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River , which runs through the center of the country from north to south . Due to its central location in South America , it is sometimes referred to as " Corazón de Sudamérica " (" Heart of South America "). Paraguay is one of the two landlocked countries ( the other is Bolivia ) that lie outside Afro - Eurasia . Paraguay is the smallest landlocked country in the Americas . The Paraguay River ( Río Paraguay in Spanish , Rio Paraguai in Portuguese , Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani ) is a major river in south - central South America , running through Brazil , Bolivia , Paraguay and ___MASK19___ . It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia . Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in both South America and Latin America . As the world ' s fifth - largest country by both ___MASK100___ and population , it is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas . Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east , Brazil has a coastline of . It borders all other South American countries except Ecuador and Chile and covers 47 . 3 % of the continent ' s land ___MASK100___ . Its Amazon River basin includes a vast tropical forest , home to diverse wildlife , a variety of ecological systems , and extensive natural resources spanning numerous protected habitats . This unique environmental heritage makes Brazil one of 17 megadiverse countries , and is the subject of significant global interest and debate regarding deforestation and environmental protection . Chile , officially the Republic of Chile , is a South American country occupying a long , narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west . It borders Peru to the north , Bolivia to the northeast , ___MASK19___ to the east , and the Drake Passage in the far south . Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández , Salas y Gómez , Desventuradas , and Easter Island in Oceania . Chile also claims about of Antarctica , although all claims are suspended under the Antarctic Treaty . The Amazon basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries . The Amazon drainage basin covers an ___MASK100___ of about , or roughly 40 percent of the South American continent . It is located in the countries of Bolivia , Brazil , Colombia , Ecuador , Guyana , Peru , Suriname and Venezuela . Nightjars are medium - sized nocturnal or crepuscular birds in the family ___MASK65___ , characterized by long wings , short legs and very short bills . They are sometimes called goatsuckers , due to the ancient folk tale that they sucked the milk from goats ( the Latin for goatsucker is " ___MASK80___ "). Some New World species are called nighthawks . Nightjars usually nest on the ground . ___MASK19___ , officially the Argentine Republic , is a federal republic in the southern half of South America . Sharing the bulk of the Southern Cone with its neighbor Chile to the west , the country is also bordered by Bolivia and Paraguay to the north , Brazil to the northeast , Uruguay and the South Atlantic Ocean to the east , and the Drake Passage to the south . With a mainland area of , ___MASK19___ is the eighth - largest country in the world , the second largest in Latin America , and the largest Spanish - speaking one . The country is subdivided into twenty - three provinces ( singular " provincia ") and one autonomous city (" ciudad autónoma "), Buenos Aires , which is the federal capital of the nation as decided by Congress . The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions , but exist under a federal system . Buenos Aires is the capital and most populous city of ___MASK19___ . The city is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de ___MASK75___ Plata , on the South American continent ' s southeastern coast . " Buenos aires " can be translated as " fair winds " or " good airs ", but the first one was the meaning intended by the founders in the 16th century , by the use of the original name " Real de Nuestra Señora Santa María del Buen Ayre ". The Greater Buenos Aires conurbation , which also includes several Buenos Aires Province districts , constitutes the fourth - most populous metropolitan area in the Americas , with a population of around 17 million . Southern Cone is a geographic region composed of the southernmost ___MASK50___ of South America , south of and around the Tropic of Capricorn . Traditionally , it covers Argentina , Chile and Uruguay , bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean , and south to the junction between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans , which is the closest continental area of Antarctica ( 1000 km ). In terms of social and political geography , the Southern Cone comprises Argentina , Chile , Uruguay , Southern Brazil and sometimes Paraguay . The Altiplano ( Spanish for " high plain "), Collao ( Quechua and Aymara : Qullaw , meaning " place of the Qulla "), Andean Plateau or Bolivian Plateau , in west - central South America , is the ___MASK100___ where the Andes are the widest . It is the most extensive ___MASK100___ of high plateau on Earth outside Tibet . The bulk of the Altiplano lies in Bolivia , but its northern parts lie in Peru , and its southern parts lie in Chile and ___MASK19___ . A " metropolitan ___MASK100___ ", sometimes referred to as a " metro ___MASK100___ " or just " metro ", is a region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less - populated surrounding territories , sharing industry , infrastructure , and housing . A metro ___MASK100___ usually comprises multiple jurisdictions and municipalities : neighborhoods , townships , boroughs , cities , towns , exurbs , suburbs , counties , districts , states , and even nations like the eurodistricts . As social , economic and political institutions have changed , metropolitan ___MASK50___ have become key economic and political regions . Metropolitan ___MASK50___ include one or more urban ___MASK50___ , as well as satellite cities , towns and intervening rural ___MASK50___ that are socio - economically tied to the urban core , typically measured by commuting patterns . South America is a continent located in the western hemisphere , mostly in the southern hemisphere , with a relatively small portion in the northern hemisphere . It is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas , which is the model used in nations that speak Romance languages . The reference to South America instead of other regions ( like Latin America or the Southern Cone ) has increased in the last decades due to changing geopolitical dynamics ( in particular , the rise of Brazil ). Uruguay , officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay , is a country in the southeastern region of South America . It borders ___MASK19___ to its west and Brazil to its north and east , with the Río de ___MASK75___ Plata ( River of Silver ) to the south and with the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast . Uruguay is home to an estimated 3 . 42 million people , of whom 1 . 8 million live in the metropolitan area of its capital and largest city , Montevideo . With an area of approximately , Uruguay is geographically the second - smallest nation in South America , only larger in size than Suriname . Bolivia (; ), officially known as the Plurinational State of Bolivia , is a landlocked country located in western - central South America . It is bordered to the north and east by Brazil , to the southeast by Paraguay , to the south by ___MASK19___ , to the southwest by Chile , and to the northwest by Peru . One - third of the country is the Andean mountain range , with one of its largest cities and principal economic centers , El Alto , located on the Altiplano . Bolivia is one of two landlocked countries ( the other is Paraguay ) that lie outside Afro - Eurasia . Bolivia is the largest landlocked country in the Americas . The Río de ___MASK75___ Plata (" River of Silver ")  rendered River Plate in British English and the Commonwealth and ___MASK75___ Plata River ( occasionally Plata River ) in other English - speaking countries  is the river and estuary formed by the confluence of the Uruguay and the Paraná rivers . It empties into the Atlantic Ocean , forming a funnel - shaped indentation on the southeastern coastline of South America . ___MASK80___ is a large and very widespread genus of nightjars , medium - sized nocturnal birds with long pointed wings , short legs and short bills . " ___MASK80___ " is derived from the Latin " capra ", " nanny goat ", and " mulgere ", " to milk ", referring to an old myth that nightjars suck milk from goats . The common name " nightjar ", first recorded in 1630 , refers to the nocturnal habits of the bird , the second part of the name deriving from the distinctive churring song . Montevideo is the capital and largest city of Uruguay . According to the 2011 census , the city proper has a population of 1 , 319 , 108 ( about one - third of the country ' s total population ) in an ___MASK100___ of . The southernmost capital city in the Americas , Montevideo is situated in the southern coast of the country , on the northeastern bank of the Río de ___MASK75___ Plata . The Andes or Andean Mountains are the longest continental mountain range in the world . They are a continuous range of highlands along the western edge of South America . This range is about long , about wide ( widest between 18 ° south and 20 ° south latitude ), and of an average height of about . The Andes extend from north to south through seven South American countries : Venezuela , Colombia , Ecuador , Peru , Bolivia , ___MASK19___ and Chile . Crepuscular animals are those that are active primarily during twilight ( i . e ., the period immediately after dawn and that immediately before dusk ). It is thus to be distinguished from diurnal and nocturnal behavior where an ___MASK55___ is active during the hours of daylight or the hours of darkness respectively . The term is not precise , however , as some crepuscular animals may also be active on a moonlit night or during an overcast day . The term matutinal is used for animals that are only active before dawn , and vespertine for those only active after sunset . A nighthawk is a nocturnal ___MASK88___ of the subfamily Chordeilinae , within the nightjar family , Caprimulgidae . The term " nighthawk ", first recorded in the King James Version of 1611 , was originally a local name in England for the European nightjar . Its use in the Americas refers to members of the genus " Chordeiles " and related genera was first recorded in 1778 . Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America . It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia , in the east by Brazil , in the southeast by Bolivia , in the south by Chile , and in the west by the Pacific Ocean . Peru is an extremely biodiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains vertically extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon Basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon river . The little nightjar ( Setopagis parvula ) is a species of nightjar in the ___MASK65___ family . It is found in woodland and other semi - open habitats in eastern , central and southern Brazil , eastern Peru , eastern and northern Bolivia , Paraguay , Uruguay and northern Argentina . It is fairly common in most of its range . It has sometimes included the Todd ' s nightjar ( S . heterura ) of northern South America as a subspecies . The two are visually very similar , but vocally distinctive . El Alto ( Spanish for " The Heights ") is the second - largest city in Bolivia , located adjacent to ___MASK75___ Paz in Pedro Domingo Murillo Province on the Altiplano highlands . El Alto is today one of Bolivia ' s fastest - growing urban centers , with a population of 974 , 754 in 2011 . El Alto is the highest major metropolis in the world , with an average elevation of . Birds ( Aves ), also known as avian dinosaurs , are a group of endothermic vertebrates , characterised by feathers , toothless beaked jaws , the laying of hard - shelled eggs , a high metabolic rate , a four - chambered heart , and a lightweight but strong skeleton . Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the ___MASK82___ . They rank as the class of tetrapods with the most living species , at approximately ten thousand , with more than half of these being passerines , sometimes known as perching birds or , less accurately , as songbirds .