genre in other rooms
___MASK1___ is that which informs . In other words , it is the answer to a question of some kind . It is thus related to data and knowledge , as data represents values attributed to parameters , and knowledge signifies understanding of real things or ___MASK53___ concepts . As it regards data , the ___MASK1___ ' s existence is not necessarily coupled to an observer ( it exists beyond an event horizon , for example ), while in the case of knowledge , the ___MASK1___ requires a cognitive observer . The National ___MASK17___ Awards are a set of annual U . S . literary awards . At the final National ___MASK17___ Awards Ceremony every November , the National ___MASK17___ Foundation presents the National ___MASK17___ Awards and two lifetime achievement awards to authors . Daniyal Mueenuddin ( born 1963 ) is a Pakistani - American author who writes in English . His short - story collection " In Other Rooms , Other Wonders ", has been translated into sixteen languages , and won The Story Prize , the Commonwealth Writers ' Prize and other honors and critical acclaim . Columbia University ( officially Columbia University in the City of New York ) is a private Ivy League ___MASK5___ university in Upper Manhattan , New York City . It was established in 1754 as King ' s ___MASK16___ by royal charter of George II of Great Britain . Columbia is the oldest ___MASK16___ in the state of New York and the fifth chartered institution of higher learning in the country , making it one of nine colonial colleges founded before the Declaration of Independence . After the American Revolutionary War , King ' s ___MASK16___ briefly became a state entity , and was renamed Columbia ___MASK16___ in 1784 . A 1787 charter placed the institution under a private board of trustees before it was renamed Columbia University in 1896 when the campus was moved from Madison Avenue to its current location in Morningside Heights occupying of land . Columbia is one of the fourteen founding members of the Association of American Universities , and was the first school in the United States to grant the M . D . degree . A counsel or a counsellor at ___MASK78___ is a person who gives advice and deals with ___MASK35___ issues , particularly in legal matters . It is a title often used interchangeably with the title of " lawyer ". A gold medal is a medal awarded for highest achievement in a non - ___MASK72___ field . Its name derives from the use of at least a fraction of gold in form of plating or alloying in its manufacture . The National ___MASK17___ Foundation ( NBF ) is an American nonprofit organization established " to raise the cultural appreciation of great writing in America ". Established 1989 by National ___MASK17___ Awards , Inc ., the foundation is the administrator and sponsor of the National ___MASK17___ Awards , a changing set of literary awards inaugurated 1936 and continuous from 1950 . It also organizes and sponsors public and educational programs . The Story Prize is an annual ___MASK17___ award established in 2004 that honors the author of an outstanding collection of short ___MASK70___ with a $ 20 , 000 cash award . Each of two runners - up receives $ 5 , 000 . Eligible books must be written in English and first published in the United States during a calendar year . The founder of the prize is Julie Lindsey , and the director is Larry Dark . He was previously series editor for the annual ___MASK19___ anthology "" from 1997 to 2002 . The City of New York , often called New York City or simply New York , is the most populous city in the United States . With an estimated 2015 population of 8 , 550 , 405 distributed over a land area of just , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States . Located at the southern tip of the state of New York , the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area , one of the most populous ___MASK55___ agglomerations in the world . A global power city , New York City exerts a significant impact upon commerce , ___MASK8___ , media , art , ___MASK4___ , research , technology , education , and entertainment , its fast pace defining the term " New York minute ". Home to the headquarters of the United Nations , New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural and financial capital of the world . Joseph Pulitzer ( born József Pulitzer ; April 10 , 1847  October 29 , 1911 ) was a Hungarian - American newspaper publisher of the " St . Louis Post Dispatch " and the " New York World ". Pulitzer introduced the techniques of yellow ___MASK46___ to the newspapers he acquired in the 1880s . He became a leading national figure in the Democratic Party and was elected congressman from New York . He crusaded against big business and corruption , and helped keep the ___MASK45___ of Liberty in New York . The Pulitzer Prize is an award for achievements in newspaper , ___MASK56___ and online journalism , ___MASK81___ , and ___MASK41___ composition in the United States . It was established in 1917 by provisions in the will of American ( Hungarian - born ) Joseph Pulitzer who had made his fortune as a newspaper publisher , and is administered by Columbia University in New York City . Prizes are awarded yearly in twenty - one categories . In twenty of the categories , each winner receives a certificate and a US $ 15 , 000 cash award ( raised from $ 10 , 000 starting in 2017 ). The winner in the public service category of the journalism competition is awarded a gold medal . A journalist is a person who collects , writes , or distributes ___MASK36___ or other current ___MASK1___ . A journalist ' s work is called ___MASK46___ . A journalist can work with general issues or specialize in certain issues . However , most journalists tend to specialize , and by cooperating with other journalists , produce journals that span many topics . For example , a sports journalist covers ___MASK36___ within the world of sports , but this journalist may be a part of a newspaper that covers many different topics . ___MASK36___ ( Network extensible Window System ) is a discontinued windowing system developed by Sun Microsystems in the mid - 1980s . Originally known as " SunDew ", its primary authors were ___MASK54___ Gosling and David S . H . Rosenthal . The ___MASK36___ interpreter was based on PostScript ( as was the later Display PostScript , although the two projects were otherwise unrelated ) extending it to allow interaction and multiple " contexts " to support windows . Like PostScript , ___MASK36___ could be used as a complete programming language , but unlike PostScript , ___MASK36___ could be used to make complete interactive programs with mouse support and a GUI . ___MASK41___ composition can refer to an original piece of music , either a song or an instrumental music piece , the structure of a ___MASK41___ piece , or the process of creating or writing a new song or piece of music . People who create new compositions are called composers in classical music . In popular music and traditional music , the creators of new songs are usually called songwriters ; with songs , the person who writes new words for a song is the lyricist . " Composition " is the act or practice of creating a song or other piece of music . In many cultures , including Western classical music , the act of composing typically includes the creation of music notation , such as a sheet music " score ", which is then performed by the composer or by other instrumental musicians or singers . In popular music and traditional music , songwriting may involve the creation of a basic outline of the song , called the lead sheet , which sets out the melody , lyrics and chord progression . In classical music , orchestration ( choosing the instruments of a large music ensemble such as an orchestra which will ___MASK86___ the different parts of music , such as the melody , accompaniment , countermelody , bassline and so on ) is typically done by the composer , but in ___MASK41___ theatre and in pop music , songwriters may hire an arranger to do the orchestration . In some cases , a pop or traditional songwriter may not use written notation at all , and instead compose the song in her mind and then ___MASK86___ , sing and / or record it from memory . In jazz and popular music , notable sound recordings by influential performers are given the weight that written or printed scores ___MASK86___ in classical music . In Other Rooms , Other Wonders is a collection of short stories written by Pakistani - American author Daniyal Mueenuddin , who has also worked as a journalist , lawyer and a businessman . His ___MASK17___ has won The Story Prize , the Commonwealth Writers ' Prize and other honors and was a finalist for the 2010 Pulitzer Prize and the 2009 National ___MASK17___ Award . A barrister ( also known as barrister - at - ___MASK78___ or bar - at - ___MASK78___ ) is a type of lawyer in common ___MASK78___ jurisdictions who works at higher levels of court . Barristers mostly specialise in courtroom advocacy and litigation . Their tasks include taking cases in superior courts and tribunals , drafting legal pleadings , researching the philosophy , hypothesis and ___MASK100___ of ___MASK78___ , and giving expert legal opinions . Often , barristers are also recognised as " legal scholars ". ___MASK46___ is the production and distribution of reports on the interaction of events , facts , ideas , and people that are the " news of the day " and that informs ___MASK15___ to at least some degree . The word applies to the occupation ( professional or not ), the methods of gathering information , and the organizing literary styles . Journalistic media include : print , television , radio , Internet , and , in the past , newsreels . ___MASK81___ , in its broadest sense , is any single body of written works . More restrictively , it is writing considered as an art form , or any single writing deemed to have artistic or intellectual value , often due to deploying language in ways that differ from ordinary usage . Its Latin root " literatura "/" litteratura " ( derived itself from " littera ": " ___MASK3___ " or " handwriting ") was used to refer to all written accounts , though contemporary definitions extend the term to include texts that are spoken or sung ( oral literature ). ___MASK81___ can be classified according to whether it is fiction or non - fiction and whether it is poetry or prose ; it can be further distinguished according to major forms such as the novel , ___MASK19___ or drama ; and works are often categorized according to historical periods or their adherence to certain aesthetic features or expectations ( genre ). An advocate is a type of professional person in several different legal systems and it is also a commonly used " honorific " for remarkable lawyers , such as in " Adv . Sir Alberico Gentili ". The broad equivalent in many English ___MASK78___ - based jurisdictions can be a " barrister ". However , in Scottish , South African , Italian , French , Spanish , Portuguese , Scandinavian , Polish , South Asian and South American jurisdictions , advocate is also a word to indicate lawyers of superior classification . Pakistan ( or ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan , is a federal parliamentary republic in South Asia on crossroads of Central Asia and ___MASK75___ Asia . It is the sixth - most populous country with a population exceeding 200 million people . It is the 36th largest country in the world in terms of area with an area covering . Pakistan has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east , Afghanistan to the west , Iran to the southwest and China in the far northeast respectively . It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan ' s narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north , and also shares a maritime border with Oman . A lawyer is a person who practices ___MASK78___ , as an advocate , barrister , attorney , counselor or solicitor or chartered legal executive . Working as a lawyer involves the practical application of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specific individualized problems , or to advance the interests of those who hire lawyers to perform legal services . A ___MASK56___ is a publication , usually a periodical publication , which is printed or electronically published ( sometimes referred to as an online ___MASK56___ ). Magazines are generally published on a regular schedule and contain a ___MASK20___ of content . They are generally financed by ___MASK91___ , by a purchase price , by prepaid subscriptions , or a combination of the three . At its root , the word " ___MASK56___ " refers to a collection or storage location . In the case of written publication , it is a collection of written articles . This explains why ___MASK56___ publications share the word root with gunpowder magazines , artillery magazines , firearms magazines , and , in French , retail stores such as department stores . A newspaper is a ___MASK28___ publication containing ___MASK36___ about current events , other informative articles ( listed below ) about ___MASK80___ , sports , arts , and so on , and ___MASK91___ . A newspaper is usually , but not exclusively , printed on relatively inexpensive , low - grade paper such as newsprint . The journalism organizations that publish newspapers are themselves often metonymically called newspapers . As of 2017 , most newspapers are now published online as well as in print . The online versions are called online newspapers or ___MASK36___ websites . Newspapers are typically published daily or weekly . News magazines are also weekly , but they have a magazine format . General - interest newspapers typically publish ___MASK36___ articles and feature articles on national and international ___MASK36___ as well as local ___MASK36___ . The ___MASK36___ includes political events and personalities , business and finance , crime , weather , and natural disasters ; health and medicine , science , and computers and technology ; sports ; and entertainment , ___MASK15___ , food and cooking , clothing and home fashion , and the arts .