country_of_origin portuguese sweet bread
Botulism is a rare and potentially fatal illness caused by a toxin , produced by the bacterium " Clostridium botulinum ". The disease begins with weakness , trouble seeing , feeling tired , and trouble speaking . This may then be followed by weakness of the arms , chest muscles , and legs . The disease does not usually affect consciousness or cause a fever . Botulism can be spread several different ways . The bacterial spores which cause it are common in both soil and water . They produce the botulinum toxin when exposed to low oxygen levels and certain temperatures . Foodborne botulism happens when food containing the toxin is eaten . Infant botulism happens when the bacteria develops in the intestines and releases the toxin . This typically only occurs in children less than six months old , as protective mechanisms develop after that time . Wound botulism is found most often among those who inject street drugs . In this situation , spores enter a wound , and in the absence of oxygen , release the toxin . It is not passed directly between people . The diagnosis is confirmed by finding the toxin or bacteria in the person in question . Prevention is primarily by proper food preparation . The toxin , though not the organism , is destroyed by heating it to more than for longer than 5 minutes . Honey can contain the organism , and for this reason , honey should not be fed to children under 12 months . Treatment is with an antitoxin . In those who lose their ability to breathe on their own , mechanical ventilation may be necessary for months . Antibiotics may be used for wound botulism . Death occurs in 5 to 10 % of people . Botulism can affect many other animals . The word is from Latin , " botulus ", meaning sausage . Early descriptions of botulism date from at least as far back as 1793 in ___MASK40___ . Honey is a sugary food substance produced and stored by certain social hymenopteran insects . It is produced from the sugary secretions of plants or insects , such as floral nectar or aphid honeydew , through regurgitation , enzymatic activity , and water evaporation . The variety of honey produced by honey bees ( the genus " Apis ") is the most well - known , due to its worldwide commercial production and human consumption . Honey gets its sweetness from the monosaccharides fructose and glucose , and has about the same relative sweetness as granulated sugar . It has attractive chemical properties for baking and a distinctive flavor that leads some people to prefer it to sugar and other sweeteners . Most microorganisms do not grow in honey , so sealed honey does not spoil , even after thousands of years . However , honey sometimes contains dormant endospores of the bacterium " Clostridium botulinum ", which can be dangerous to babies , as it may result in botulism . People who have a weakened immune system should not eat honey because of the risk of bacterial or fungal infection . Although some evidence indicates honey may be effective in treating diseases and other medical conditions , such as wounds and burns , the overall evidence for its use in therapy is not conclusive . Providing 64 calories in a typical serving of one tablespoon ( 15 ml ) equivalent to 1272 kj per 100 g , honey has no significant nutritional value . Honey is generally safe , but may have various , potential adverse effects or interactions with excessive consumption , existing disease conditions , or drugs . Honey use and production have a long and varied history as an ancient activity , depicted in Valencia , ___MASK50___ by a cave painting of humans foraging for honey at least 8 , 000 years ago . ___MASK50___ , officially the Kingdom of ___MASK50___ , is a sovereign state largely located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe , with two large archipelagos , the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands off the North African Atlantic coast , two cities Ceuta and Melilla in the North African mainland and several small islands in the Alboran Sea near the Moroccan coast . Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar ; to the north and northeast by ___MASK64___ , Andorra , and the Bay of Biscay ; and to the west and northwest by ___MASK74___ and the Atlantic Ocean . It is the only European country to have a border with an African country ( Morocco ) and its African territory accounts for nearly 5 % of its population , mostly in the Canary Islands but also in Ceuta and Melilla . Portuguese sweet bread ( Provence bread or simply sweet bread ; the Easter version with eggs is better known as folar ) is a bread made with milk , sugar and / or honey , eggs , yeast , flour and sometimes lemon peel to produce a subtly sweet lightly textured loaf or rolls . It was traditionally made around the Christmas and Easter holidays ( sometimes with hard boiled eggs baked into the loaves for the latter holiday ) as a round - shaped loaf , but today it is made and available year round . The bread is usually served simply with butter and is sometimes served with rice pudding ( Arroz Doce ) . Portuguese sweet bread is common in both Hawaiian cuisine and New England cuisine as it was brought to those regions by their large Portuguese immigrant populations . It is also found in other areas in North America with Portuguese populations , particularly northern New Jersey , southern Florida , California , and Toronto , ___MASK25___ . The lemon (" Citrus " × " limon ") is a species of small evergreen tree native to Asia . Asia is Earth ' s largest and most populous continent , located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres and sharing the continental landmass of Eurasia with the continent of ___MASK72___ . Asia covers an area of , about 30 % of Earth ' s total land area and 8 . 7 % of the Earth ' s total surface area . The continent , which has long been home to the majority of the human population , was the site of many of the first civilizations . Asia is notable for not only its overall large size and population , but also dense and large settlements as well as vast barely populated regions within the continent of 4 . 4 billion people . A burn is a type of injury to skin , or other tissues , caused by heat , cold , electricity , chemicals , friction , or radiation . Most burns are due to heat from hot liquids , solids , or fire . Females in many areas of the world have a higher risk related to the more frequent use of open cooking fires or unsafe cook stoves . Alcoholism and smoking are other risk factors . Burns can also occur as a result of self harm or violence between people . Burns that affect only the superficial skin layers are known as superficial or first - degree burns . They appear red without blisters and pain typically lasts around three days . When the injury extends into some of the underlying skin layer , it is a partial - thickness or second - degree burn . Blisters are frequently present and they are often very painful . Healing can require up to eight weeks and scarring may occur . In a full - thickness or third - degree burn , the injury extends to all layers of the skin . Often there is no pain and the burn area is stiff . Healing typically does not occur on its own . A fourth - degree burn additionally involves injury to deeper tissues , such as muscle , tendons , or bone . The burn is often black and frequently leads to loss of the burned part . Burns are generally preventable . Treatment depends on the severity of the burn . Superficial burns may be managed with little more than simple pain medication , while major burns may require prolonged treatment in specialized burn centers . Cooling with tap water may help pain and decrease damage ; however , prolonged cooling may result in low body temperature . Partial - thickness burns may require cleaning with soap and water , followed by dressings . It is not clear how to manage blisters , but it is probably reasonable to leave them intact if small and drain them if large . Full - thickness burns usually require surgical treatments , such as skin grafting . Extensive burns often require large amounts of intravenous fluid , due to capillary fluid leakage and tissue swelling . The most common complications of burns involve infection . Tetanus toxoid should be given if not up to date . In 2013 , fire and heat resulted in 35 million injuries . This resulted in about 2 . 9 million hospitalizations and 238 , 000 dying . Most deaths due to burns occur in the developing world , particularly in ___MASK98___ . While large burns can be fatal , treatments developed since 1960 have improved outcomes , especially in children and young adults . In the United States , approximately 96 % of those admitted to a burn center survive their injuries . Burns occur at similar frequencies in men and women . The long - term outcome is related to the size of burn and the age of the person affected . Signs and symptoms . The characteristics of a burn depend upon its depth . Superficial burns cause pain lasting two or three days , followed by peeling of the skin over the next few days . Individuals suffering from more severe burns may indicate discomfort or complain of feeling pressure rather than pain . Full - thickness burns may be entirely insensitive to light touch or puncture . While superficial burns are typically red in color , severe burns may be pink , white or black . Burns around the mouth or singed hair inside the nose may indicate that burns to the airways have occurred , but these findings are not definitive . More worrisome signs include : shortness of breath , hoarseness , and stridor or wheezing . Itchiness is common during the healing process , occurring in up to 90 % of adults and nearly all children . Numbness or tingling may persist for a prolonged period of time after an electrical injury . Burns may also produce emotional and psychological distress . A tablespoon is a large spoon used for eating or serving . In most English - speaking regions , the term now refers to a large spoon used for serving , however , in some regions , including parts of ___MASK25___ , it is the largest type of spoon used for eating . By extension , the term is used as a measure of volume in cooking . In this capacity , it is most commonly abbreviated " tbsp " or " T ," and occasionally referred to as a " tablespoonful " to distinguish it from the utensil . The unit of measurement varies by region : a United States tablespoon is approximately 14 . 8 ml , a United Kingdom tablespoon is exactly 15 ml , and an Australian tablespoon is 20 ml . The capacity of the utensil ( as opposed to the measurement ) is not defined by law or custom and bears no particular relation to the measurement .