place_of_birth wang xueqi
Filmmaking ( or in an academic context , film production ) is the process ___MASK16___ making a film . Filmmaking involves a number ___MASK16___ discrete stages including an initial story , idea , or commission , through screenwriting , casting , shooting , sound recording and reproduction , editing , and screening the finished product before an audience that may result in a film release and exhibition . Filmmaking takes place in many places around the world in a range ___MASK16___ economic , social , and political contexts , and using a variety ___MASK16___ technologies and cinematic techniques . Typically , it involves a large number ___MASK16___ people , and can take from a few months to several years to complete . Art is a diverse range ___MASK16___ human activities in creating visual , auditory or performing artifacts ( artworks ), expressing the author ' s imaginative or technical skill , intended to be appreciated for their beauty or emotional power . In their most general form these activities include the production ___MASK16___ works ___MASK16___ art , the criticism ___MASK16___ art , the study ___MASK16___ the history ___MASK16___ art , and the aesthetic dissemination ___MASK16___ art . An audience is a group ___MASK16___ people who participate in a show or encounter a work ___MASK16___ art , literature ( in which they are called " readers "), theatre , music ( in which they are called " listeners "), video games ( in which they are called " players "), or academics in any medium . Audience members participate in different ways in different kinds ___MASK16___ art ; some events invite overt audience participation and others allowing only modest clapping and criticism and reception . The International Federation ___MASK16___ Film Critics ( FIPRESCI , short for Fédération Internationale de la Presse Cinématographique ) is an association ___MASK16___ national organizations ___MASK16___ professional film critics and film journalists from around the world for " the promotion and development ___MASK16___ film culture and for the safeguarding ___MASK16___ professional interests ." It was founded in June 1930 in Brussels , Belgium . At present it has members in more than 50 countries worldwide . Yellow Earth is a 1984 Chinese ___MASK54___ film . It was the directorial debut for Chen Kaige . The film ' s notable cinematography is by Zhang Yimou . At the 24th ___MASK43___ Film Awards ceremony on 27 March 2005 , a list ___MASK16___ 100 Best Chinese Motion Pictures was tallied , and " Yellow Earth " came in fourth . The film was produced by Guangxi Film Studio . A supporting actor is an actor who performs a role in a play or film below that ___MASK16___ the leading actor ( s ), and above that ___MASK16___ a bit part . In recognition ___MASK16___ important nature ___MASK16___ this work , the theater and film industries give separate awards to the best supporting actors and actresses . Tian Zhuangzhuang (; born April 1952 in ___MASK65___ , China ) is a Chinese film director and producer . Wang Xueqi ( Chinese :  ; born 1946 ) is a Chinese film actor whose career has spanned over 25 years . He was often cast in early Fifth Generation films , such as Chen Kaige ' s Yellow Earth ( 1984 ) and The Big Parade ( 1986 ) , Huang Jianxin ' s Samsara , and Zhang Yimou ' s Codename Cougar ( 1989 ) . He has since carved out a niche in the Chinese market as a character actor . He has recently appeared in award - winning roles in Forever Enthralled ( 2008 ) and Bodyguards and Assassins ( 2009 ) Wang has also directed one film , Sun Bird , which the screenwriter Yang Liping also co - directed . The film won a Special Grand Prize ___MASK16___ the Jury at the Montreal World Film Festival . Computer animation is the process used for generating animated images . The more general term computer - generated imagery ( CGI ) encompasses both static scenes and dynamic images , while computer animation " only " refers to the moving images . Modern computer animation usually uses 3D computer graphics , although 2D computer graphics are still used for stylistic , low bandwidth , and faster real - ___MASK76___ renderings . Sometimes , the target ___MASK16___ the animation is the computer itself , but sometimes film as well . A character actor or character actress is a supporting actor who plays unusual , interesting , or eccentric characters . The term , often contrasted with that ___MASK16___ leading actor , is somewhat abstract and open to interpretation . In a literal sense , all actors can be considered character actors since they all play " characters ", but in the usual sense it is an actor who plays a distinctive and important supporting role . A film , also called a movie , motion picture , theatrical film or photoplay , is a series ___MASK16___ still images which , when shown on a screen , creates the illusion ___MASK16___ moving images due to the phi phenomenon . This optical illusion causes the audience to perceive continuous motion between separate objects viewed rapidly in succession . The process ___MASK16___ filmmaking is both an art and an industry . A film is created by photographing actual scenes with a motion picture camera ; by photographing drawings or miniature models using traditional animation techniques ; by means ___MASK16___ CGI and computer animation ; or by a combination ___MASK16___ some or all ___MASK16___ these techniques and other visual effects . Yang Fengliang is a Chinese film director . He is ___MASK66___ known for co - directing the Oscar - nominated film " Ju Dou " ( 1990 ) with Zhang Yimou . Zhang Yimou ( born 2 April 1950 ) is a Chinese film director , producer , writer and actor , and former cinematographer . He is counted amongst the Fifth Generation ___MASK16___ Chinese filmmakers , having made his directorial debut in 1987 with " Red Sorghum ". A film director is a person who directs the making ___MASK16___ a film . Generally , a film director controls a film ' s artistic and dramatic aspects , and visualizes the script while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment ___MASK16___ that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects ___MASK16___ filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author ___MASK16___ the film . The Palme d ' Or is the highest prize awarded at the ___MASK35___ Film Festival . It was introduced in ___MASK3___ by the organising committee . From 1939 to 1954 , the highest prize was the " Grand Prix du Festival International du Film ". Codename Cougar ( also known as Codename : Cougar , Operation Cougar or The Puma Action ) is a 1989 Chinese thriller film . It was co - directed by Zhang Yimou and Yang Fengliang . Unlike the bulk ___MASK16___ Zhang ' s early works ( ranging from 1986 ' s " Red Sorghum " to 1995 ' s " Shanghai Triad "), which were all historical pieces , " Codename Cougar " is a modern thriller involving a skyjacked airliner and political intrigue . The 46th ___MASK35___ Film Festival was held on May 13  24 , 1993 . The Palme d ' Or went to " Farewell My Concubine " by Chen Kaige and " The Piano " by Jane Campion . The phi phenomenon is the optical illusion ___MASK16___ perceiving a series ___MASK16___ still images , when viewed in rapid succession , as continuous motion . Max Wertheimer , one ___MASK16___ the three founders ___MASK16___ Gestalt psychology , defined this phenomenon in 1912 . The phi phenomenon and persistence ___MASK16___ vision together formed the foundation ___MASK16___ Hugo Münsterberg ' s theory ___MASK16___ film and are part ___MASK16___ the process ___MASK16___ motion perception . Huang Jianxin ( born 1954 ) is a Chinese film director . He is normally considered part ___MASK16___ the fifth generation ___MASK16___ Chinese filmmakers ( a group that includes Chen Kaige , Zhang Yimou and Tian Zhuangzhuang ), due to shared traits in his works , although he was not a strictly a member ___MASK16___ the inaugural 1982 class ___MASK16___ the ___MASK65___ Film Academy . Additionally , Huang ' s films are distinguished from his contemporaries in that they focused on urban contemporary life , as contrasted to historical period dramas , as well as for their satirical observations ___MASK16___ the Chinese bureaucracy . A bureaucracy is " a body ___MASK16___ non - elective government officials " and / or " an administrative policy - making group ". Historically , bureaucracy was government administration managed by departments staffed with non - elected officials . Today , bureaucracy is the administrative system governing any large institution . The public administration in many countries is an example ___MASK16___ a bureaucracy . In filmmaking , visual effects ( abbreviated VFX ) are the processes by which imagery is created and / or manipulated outside the context ___MASK16___ a live action shot . ___MASK65___ Film Academy ( abbreviated BFA ) is a coeducational state - run higher education institution in ___MASK65___ , China . The film school is the largest institution specialising in the tertiary education for film and television production in Asia . The academy has earned international recognition for its achievements in film production . Chen Kaige ( born August 12 , 1952 ) is a Chinese film director and a leading figure ___MASK16___ the fifth generation ___MASK16___ Chinese cinema . His films are known for their visual flair and epic storytelling . Chen won the Palme d ' Or at 1993 Cannes Film Festival and the International Federation ___MASK16___ Film Critics ( FIPRESCI ) Award in 1993 . Cinematography is the science or art ___MASK16___ motion - picture photography by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation , either electronically by means ___MASK16___ an image sensor , or chemically by means ___MASK16___ a light - sensitive material such as film stock . The 24th ___MASK43___ Film Awards ceremony was held on 27 March 2005 , in the ___MASK43___ Coliseum and hosted by Carol Cheng and Lawrence Cheng . Twenty - nine winners in nineteen categories were unveiled , with films " Kung Fu Hustle " and " 2046 " being the year ' s biggest winners . In conjunction with a hundred years ___MASK16___ the Chinese cinema , a list ___MASK16___ Best 100 Chinese Motion Pictures , consisting ___MASK16___ 103 Chinese films selected by a panel ___MASK16___ 101 filmmakers , critics and scholars , was also unveiled during the ceremony . Animation is the process ___MASK16___ making the illusion ___MASK16___ motion and the illusion ___MASK16___ change by means ___MASK16___ the rapid display ___MASK16___ a sequence ___MASK16___ images that minimally differ from each other . The illusion  as in motion pictures in general  is thought to rely on the phi phenomenon . Animators are artists who specialize in the creation ___MASK16___ animation . Animation can be recorded with either analogue media , a flip book , motion picture film , video tape , digital media , including formats with animated GIF , Flash animation , and digital video . To display animation , a digital camera , computer , or projector are used along with new technologies that are produced . ___MASK88___ Triad is a 1995 Chinese film , directed by Zhang Yimou and starring Gong Li , based on Li Xiao ' s 1994 novel . The film is set in the criminal underworld ___MASK16___ 1930s ___MASK88___ , Republic ___MASK16___ ___MASK37___ and spans seven days . " ___MASK88___ Triad ' s " Chinese title reads " Row , row , row to Grandma Bridge ", refers to a well known traditional Chinese lullaby .