located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity apel-stones
___MASK46___ was a historic state originating out of the Duchy of ___MASK46___ and the Margraviate of Brandenburg , and centred on the region of ___MASK46___ . For centuries , the House of ruled ___MASK46___ , successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well - organised and effective army . ___MASK46___ , with its capital in and from 1701 in Berlin , shaped the history of Germany . In 1871 , German states united to create the ___MASK18___ under Prussian leadership . In November 1918 , the monarchies were abolished and the nobility lost its political power during the German Revolution of 1918  19 . The Kingdom of ___MASK46___ was thus abolished in favour of a republic  the Free State of ___MASK46___ , a state of Germany from 1918 until 1933 . From 1933 , ___MASK46___ lost its independence as a result of the Prussian coup , when the Nazi regime was successfully establishing its ' laws in pursuit of a unitary state . With the end of the Nazi regime , the division of Germany into allied - occupation zones and the separation of its territories east of the line , which were incorporated into Poland and the Soviet Union , the State of ___MASK46___ ceased to exist de facto in 1945 . ___MASK46___ existed "" until its formal liquidation by the Allied Control Council Enactment No . 46 of 25 February 1947 . ___MASK22___ ( from the  Rus '), also officially known as the Russian Federation , is a country in Eurasia . At , ___MASK22___ is the largest country in the world by surface area , covering more than one - eighth ___MASK86___ the Earth ' s inhabited land area , and the ninth ___MASK14___ populous , with over 140 million people at the end ___MASK86___ March 2016 . The European western part ___MASK86___ the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern , about 77 % ___MASK86___ the population live in European ___MASK22___ . ___MASK22___ ' s capital Moscow is one ___MASK86___ the largest cities in the world , other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg , Novosibirsk , Yekaterinburg , ___MASK95___ and ___MASK92___ . ___MASK8___ is the capital and the largest city ___MASK86___ ___MASK84___ as well as one ___MASK86___ its constituent 16 states . With a population ___MASK86___ approximately 3 . 5 million people , ___MASK8___ is the second ___MASK14___ populous city proper and the seventh ___MASK14___ populous urban area in the ___MASK45___ . Located in northeastern ___MASK84___ on the banks ___MASK86___ rivers Spree and Havel , it is the centre ___MASK86___ the ___MASK8___ - Brandenburg Metropolitan Region , which has about 6 million residents from more than 180 nations . Due to its location in the European Plain , ___MASK8___ is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate . Around one - third ___MASK86___ the city ' s area is composed ___MASK86___ forests , parks , gardens , rivers and ___MASK27___ . The larger urban zone ( LUZ ), or Functional Urban Area ( FUA ), is a measure ___MASK86___ the population and expanse ___MASK86___ metropolitan areas in ___MASK15___ . It consists ___MASK86___ a city and its commuting zone . World War I ( WWI or WW1 ), also known as the First World War , or the Great War , was a global war originating in ___MASK15___ that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918 . More than 70 million military personnel , including 60 million Europeans , were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history . Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war ( including the victims of a number of genocides ), a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents ' technological and industrial sophistication , and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare . It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history , and paved the way for major political changes , including revolutions in many of the nations involved . ___MASK84___ , officially the Federal Republic of ___MASK84___ , is a federal parliamentary republic in central - western Europe . It includes 16 constituent states , covers an area of , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate . With about 82 million inhabitants , ___MASK84___ is the ___MASK14___ populous member state of the ___MASK45___ . After the United States , it is the second ___MASK14___ popular immigration destination in the world . ___MASK84___ ' s capital and largest metropolis is Berlin . Other major cities include Hamburg , Munich , Cologne , Frankfurt , Stuttgart and Düsseldorf . Napoleon Bonaparte (" Napoléon Bonaparte "; , born "" Napoleone di Buonaparte ""; 15 August 1769  5 May 1821 ) was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars . As Napoleon I , he was Emperor ___MASK86___ the French from 1804 until 1814 , and again in 1815 . Napoleon dominated European and global affairs for more than a decade while leading ___MASK36___ against a series ___MASK86___ coalitions in the Napoleonic Wars . He won ___MASK14___ ___MASK86___ these wars and the vast majority ___MASK86___ his battles , building a large empire that ruled over continental Europe before its final collapse in 1815 . One ___MASK86___ the greatest commanders in history , his wars and campaigns are studied at military schools worldwide . Napoleon ' s political and cultural legacy has ensured his status as one ___MASK86___ the ___MASK14___ celebrated and controversial leaders in human history . Karl Philipp , Fürst zu ___MASK29___ ( or Charles Philip , ___MASK81___ of ___MASK29___ ; 18 April 1771  15 October 1820 ) was an Austrian field marshal . The Confederation ___MASK86___ the ___MASK42___ ( French : officially ' [" Confederated States ___MASK86___ the ___MASK42___ "], but in practice ') was a confederation ___MASK86___ client states ___MASK86___ the First French Empire . It was formed initially from 16 German states by Napoleon after he defeated Austria and Russia in the ___MASK24___ ___MASK86___ Austerlitz . The Treaty ___MASK86___ Pressburg , in effect , led to the creation ___MASK86___ the Confederation ___MASK86___ the ___MASK42___ . It lasted from 1806 to 1813 . The ___MASK42___ (, , ) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of ___MASK13___ in the southeastern Swiss Alps , forms part of the Swiss - Austrian , Swiss - Liechtenstein , Swiss - German and then the Franco - German border , then flows through the Rhineland and eventually empties into the North Sea in the Netherlands . The largest city on the river ___MASK42___ is Cologne , Germany , with a population of more than 1 , 050 , 000 people . It is the second - longest river in Central and Western Europe ( after the Danube ), at about , with an average discharge of about . The ___MASK24___ of Leipzig or ___MASK24___ of the Nations was fought from 16 to 19 October 1813 , at Leipzig , ___MASK19___ . The coalition armies of Russia , Prussia , Austria , and Sweden , led by Tsar Alexander I of Russia and Karl Philipp , Prince of Schwarzenberg , decisively defeated the French army of Napoleon I , Emperor of the French . Napoleon ' s army also contained Polish and Italian troops , as well as Germans from the Confederation of the Rhine . The battle was the culmination of the 1813 German campaign and involved nearly 600 , 000 soldiers , making it the largest battle in Europe prior to World War I . The ___MASK43___ German ___MASK83___ or ___MASK62___ Lowland is one of the major geographical regions of ___MASK84___ . It is the German part of the ___MASK43___ European ___MASK83___ . The region is bounded by the coasts of the ___MASK43___ Sea and Baltic Sea to the north and ___MASK84___ ' s Central Uplands (" die Mittelgebirge ") to the south . ___MASK66___ , officially the Kingdom ___MASK86___ ___MASK66___ ( Swedish : ), is a Scandinavian country in ___MASK62___ ___MASK15___ . It borders Norway to the ___MASK70___ and Finland to the ___MASK23___ , and is connected to ___MASK52___ in the ___MASK75___ by a bridge - tunnel across the Öresund . At , ___MASK66___ is the third - largest country in the ___MASK45___ by area , with a total population ___MASK86___ 10 . 0 million . ___MASK66___ consequently has a low population density ___MASK86___ , with the highest concentration in the southern half ___MASK86___ the country . Approximately 85 % ___MASK86___ the population lives in urban areas . The ___MASK17___ ___MASK86___ ___MASK19___ is a landlocked federal state ___MASK86___ Germany , bordering the federal states ___MASK86___ Brandenburg , ___MASK19___ Anhalt , Thuringia , and Bavaria , as well as the countries ___MASK86___ Poland ( Lower Silesian and Lubusz Voivodeships ) and the Czech Republic ( Karlovy Vary , Liberec and Ústí nad Labem Regions ). Its capital is Dresden , and its largest city is Leipzig . ___MASK49___ is the largest city in the federal state of ___MASK19___ , Germany . With a population of 570 , 087 inhabitants ( 1 , 001 , 220 residents in the larger urban zone ) it is Germany ' s tenth most populous city . ___MASK49___ is located about southwest of Berlin at the confluence of the White Elster , Pleisse and Parthe rivers at the southern end of the North German Plain . The White Elster is a long ___MASK9___ in ___MASK56___ ___MASK15___ , right tributary of the Saale . Its source is in the westernmost part of the Czech Republic , near ___MASK37___ . After a few kilometres , it flows into eastern Germany . In Germany , it flows through the states of ___MASK19___ , Thuringia and ___MASK19___ - Anhalt . The White Elster flows through the cities of Plauen , Greiz , Gera , Zeitz , Pegau and Leipzig . It flows into the ___MASK9___ Saale in Halle . The Parthe is a ___MASK9___ in ___MASK19___ , Germany , right tributary of the White Elster . Its total length is 60 km . The Parthe originates in northern ___MASK19___ , between Colditz and Bad Lausick . It flows northwest through Parthenstein , Naunhof , Borsdorf and Taucha before entering the city of Leipzig . The Parthe joins the White Elster in northwestern Leipzig . The Apel - stones , named after the writer Theodor Apel from ___MASK49___ who commissioned them , mark important events during the ___MASK24___ of ___MASK49___ . There are 50 all in all . They were sculpted by A . F . Aster and put up between 1861 and 1865 .