located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity uh88
The ___MASK7___ ___MASK29___ Hawaii system , ( formally the ___MASK7___ ___MASK29___ Hawaii and popularly known as U . H .), is a public , co - educational college and university system that confers associate , bachelor ' s , master ' s , and doctoral degrees through three university campuses , seven community college campuses , an employment training ___MASK56___ , three university centers , four education centers and various other research facilities distributed across six islands throughout the State ___MASK29___ ___MASK85___ in the United States . All schools ___MASK29___ the ___MASK7___ ___MASK29___ ___MASK85___ system are accredited by the Western Association ___MASK29___ Schools and Colleges . The U . H . system ' s main administrative offices are located on the property ___MASK29___ the ___MASK7___ ___MASK29___ Hawaii at Mnoa in Honolulu CDP . The Sun is the star at the ___MASK56___ of the Solar System . It is a nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma , with internal convective motion that generates a magnetic field via a dynamo process .< ref name =" doi10 . 1146 / annurev - astro - 081913 - 040012 "></ ref > It is by far the most important source of energy for life on Earth . Its diameter is about 109 times that of Earth , and its mass is about 330 , 000 times that of Earth , accounting for about 99 . 86 % of the total mass of the Solar System . About three quarters of the Sun ' s mass consists of hydrogen (~ 73 %); the rest is mostly helium (~ 25 %), with much smaller quantities of heavier elements , including oxygen , carbon , neon , and iron . A cinder cone or scoria cone is a steep conical ___MASK12___ ___MASK29___ loose pyroclastic fragments , such as either volcanic clinkers , cinders , volcanic ash , or scoria that has been built around a volcanic vent . They consist ___MASK29___ loose pyroclastic debris formed by explosive eruptions or lava fountains from a single , typically cylindrical , vent . As the gas - charged lava is blown violently into the air , it breaks into small fragments that solidify and fall as either cinders , clinkers , or scoria around the vent to form a cone that often is symmetrical ; with slopes between 30 - 40 °; and a nearly circular ground plan . Most cinder cones have a bowl - shaped crater at the ___MASK17___ . Volcanism is the phenomenon ___MASK29___ eruption ___MASK29___ molten rock ( magma ) onto the surface ___MASK29___ the Earth or a solid - surface planet or moon , where lava , pyroclastics and volcanic gases erupt through a break in the surface called a vent . It includes all phenomena resulting from and causing magma within the crust or mantle ___MASK29___ the body , to rise through the crust and form volcanic rocks on the surface . A rift zone is a feature ___MASK29___ some volcanoes , especially shield volcanoes , in which a linear series ___MASK29___ fissures in the volcanic edifice allows lava to be erupted from the volcano ' s flank instead ___MASK29___ from its ___MASK17___ . For example , in the currently ongoing eruption ___MASK29___ Kilauea in ___MASK85___ , lava is emitted continuously from the Puu  vent located in Kilauea ' s East Rift Zone roughly 15 km east ___MASK29___ Kilauea Crater . Rift zones tend to extend for tens ___MASK29___ kilometers radially outward from the volcanic ___MASK17___ . The accumulated lava ___MASK29___ repeated eruptions from rift zones causes these volcanoes to have an elongated shape . Perhaps the best example ___MASK29___ this is Mauna Loa , which in Hawaiian means " long mountain ". The island ___MASK29___ Maui ( Hawaiian : ) is the second - largest ___MASK29___ the Hawaiian Islands at 727 . 2 square miles ( 1 , 883 km ) and is the 17th - largest island in the United States . Maui is part ___MASK29___ the State ___MASK29___ ___MASK85___ and is the largest ___MASK29___ Maui County ' s four islands , bigger than Molokai , Lnai , and unpopulated Kahoolawe . In 2010 , Maui had a population ___MASK29___ 144 , 444 , third - highest ___MASK29___ the Hawaiian Islands , behind that ___MASK29___ Oahu and ___MASK85___ Island . Kahului is the largest census - designated place ( CDP ) on the island with a population ___MASK29___ 26 , 337 and is the commercial and financial hub ___MASK29___ the island . Wailuku is the seat ___MASK29___ Maui County and is the third - largest CDP . Other significant places include Khei ( including Wailea and Makena in the Kihei Town CDP , which is the second - most - populated CDP in Maui ), Lahaina ( including Kanapali and Kapalua in the Lahaina Town CDP ), Makawao , Pia , Kula , Haik , and Hna . A planet is an astronomical body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that The term " planet " is ancient , with ties to history , astrology , science , mythology , and religion . Several planets in the Solar System can be ___MASK58___ with the naked eye . These were regarded by many early cultures as divine , or as emissaries ___MASK29___ deities . As scientific knowledge advanced , human perception ___MASK29___ the planets changed , incorporating a number ___MASK29___ disparate objects . In 2006 , the International Astronomical Union ( IAU ) officially adopted a resolution defining planets within the Solar System . This definition is controversial because it excludes many objects ___MASK29___ planetary mass based on where or what they orbit . Although eight ___MASK29___ the planetary bodies discovered before 1950 remain " planets " under the modern definition , some celestial bodies , such as Ceres , Pallas , Juno and Vesta ( each an object in the solar asteroid belt ), and Pluto ( the first trans - Neptunian object discovered ), that were once considered planets by the scientific community , are no longer viewed as such . An ion is an atom or a molecule in which the total number ___MASK29___ electrons is not equal to the total number ___MASK29___ protons , giving the atom or molecule a net positive or negative electrical charge . Ions can be created , by either chemical or physical means , via ionization . The Solar System is the gravitationally bound system comprising the Sun and the objects that orbit it , either directly or indirectly . ___MASK29___ those objects that orbit the Sun directly , the largest eight are the planets , with the remainder being significantly smaller objects , such as dwarf planets and small Solar System bodies . ___MASK29___ the objects that orbit the Sun indirectly , the moons , two are larger than the smallest planet , Mercury . Mauna ___MASK75___ ( or ), is a dormant volcano on the island ___MASK29___ ___MASK85___ . Standing above sea level , its peak is the highest point in the state ___MASK29___ ___MASK85___ . Much ___MASK29___ the mountain is under water ; when measured from its oceanic base , Mauna ___MASK75___ is over tall . Mauna ___MASK75___ is about a million years old , and has thus passed the most active shield stage ___MASK29___ life hundreds ___MASK29___ thousands ___MASK29___ years ago . In its current post - shield state , its lava is more viscous , resulting in a steeper profile . Late volcanism has also given it a much rougher appearance than its neighboring volcanoes ; contributing factors include the construction ___MASK29___ cinder cones , the decentralization ___MASK29___ its rift zones , the glaciation on its peak , and the weathering effects ___MASK29___ the prevailing trade winds . Mauna ___MASK75___ last erupted 6 , 000 to 4 , 000 years ago and is now considered dormant . The Institute for Astronomy ( IfA ) is a research unit within the ___MASK7___ ___MASK29___ ___MASK85___ system , led by Günther Hasinger as Director . IfA main headquarters are located at 2680 Woodlawn Drive in Honolulu , ___MASK85___ , , on the ___MASK7___ ___MASK29___ ___MASK85___ at Mnoa campus . Additional facilities are located at Pukalani , Maui and Hilo on ___MASK85___ island ( the Big Island ). IfA employs over 150 astronomers and support staff . IfA astronomers perform research into solar system objects , stars , galaxies and cosmology . The ___MASK7___ ___MASK29___ Hawai ' i 88 - inch ( 2 . 2 - meter ) telescope called UH88 , UH2 . 2 , or simply 88 by members ___MASK29___ the local astronomical community is situated at the Mauna Kea Observatories and operated by the ___MASK7___ ' s Institute for Astronomy . It was constructed in 1968 , and entered service in 1970 , at which point it was known as `` The Mauna Kea Observatory . '' It became one ___MASK29___ the first professional telescope to be controlled by a computer . The telescope was built with funding from NASA , to support Solar System missions and is controlled by the ___MASK7___ ___MASK29___ Hawai ' i . The success ___MASK29___ the telescope helped demonstrate the value ___MASK29___ Mauna Kea for astronomical observations . On December 4 , 1984 it became the first telescope to make optical closure phase measurements on an astronomical source using an aperture mask . UH88 is a Cassegrain reflector tube telescope with an f / 10 focal ratio , supported by a large open fork equatorial mount . It was the last telescope on Mauna Kea to use a tube design rather than an open truss , and is the largest in the complex to use an open fork mount , with neighboring telescopes in the 3 - meter class using English fork designs . As the only research telescope controlled solely by the ___MASK7___ , UH88 has long been the primary telescope used by its professors , postdoctoral scholars and graduate students , and as a result , the site ___MASK29___ numerous discoveries . David C . Jewitt and Jane X . Luu discovered the first Kuiper belt object , 1992 QB1 using UH88 , and a team led by Jewitt and Scott S . Sheppard discovered 45 ___MASK29___ the known moons ___MASK29___ Jupiter , as well as moons ___MASK29___ Saturn , Uranus and Neptune . The Institute for Astronomy also makes agreements with other organizations for portions ___MASK29___ available observing time . Currently , the National Astronomical Observatory ___MASK29___ Japan uses UH88 for some research projects for which its far larger and more expensive Subaru Observatory , also on Mauna Kea , would be overkill . The Nearby Supernova Factory project , based at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , also has its Supernova Integrated Field Spectrograph ( SNIFS ) instrument mounted on UH88 . In June 2011 , the telescope and its weather station were struck by lightning , damaging many systems and disabling it , but the telescope was repaired by August 2011 Some ___MASK29___ the systems at the observatory were 41 years old at the time ___MASK29___ the damage and had to be reverse engineered to be fixed . The weather station is currently under development . A dwarf planet is a planetary - mass object that is neither a planet nor a natural satellite . That is , it is in direct orbit ___MASK29___ the Sun , and is massive enough for its gravity to crush it into a hydrostatic equilibrium shape ( usually a spheroid ), but has not cleared the neighborhood ___MASK29___ other material around its orbit . The Mauna ___MASK75___ Observatories ( MKO ) are a number ___MASK29___ independent astronomical research facilities and large telescope observatories that are located at the ___MASK17___ ___MASK29___ Mauna ___MASK75___ on the Big Island ___MASK29___ Hawai ' i , United States . The facilities are located in a special land use zone known as the " Astronomy Precinct ", which is located within the Mauna ___MASK75___ Science Reserve . The Astronomy Precinct was established in 1967 and is located on land protected by the Historical Preservation Act for its significance to Hawaiian culture .