child robert nobel
Ludvig Immanuel Nobel ( Russian :          ; Swedish : " Ludvig Emmanuel Nobel " ; 27 July 1831 , Stockholm  12 April 1888 , Cannes ) was a Swedish - Russian engineer , a noted businessman and a humanitarian . One of the most prominent members of the Nobel family , he was the son of Immanuel Nobel ( also an engineering pioneer ) and the older brother of ___MASK19___ ( founder of the Nobel Prize ). With his brother Robert , he operated Branobel , an oil company in Baku , Azerbaijan which at one point produced 50 % of the world ' s oil . He is credited with creating the Russian oil industry . ___MASK49___ built the largest fortune of any of the Nobel brothers and was one of the world ' s richest men . Following the Bolshevik revolution , the communists confiscated the Nobel family ' s vast fortune in Russia . Immanuel Nobel the Younger ( 24 March 1801  ___MASK83___ September 1872 ) was a Swedish engineer , architect , inventor and industrialist . He was the inventor of the rotary lathe used in plywood manufacturing . He was a member of the Nobel family and the father of ___MASK28___ , ___MASK49___ and ___MASK19___ . He also often experimented with nitroglycerin with his sons , which led to his son ___MASK31___ ' s death because of an explosion at his father ' s factory Heleneborg in Stockholm in 1864 . The Nobel family is a prominent Swedish and Russian family closely related to the history both of Sweden and of Russia in the 19th and 20th centuries . Its legacy includes its outstanding contributions to philanthropy and to the development of the armament industry and of the oil industry . Some of its foremost members are Immanuel Nobel , the younger , engineer developer of underwater naval mines and inventor of the rotary lathe used to produce plywood , ___MASK49___ , the founder of Branobel and one of the richest and most important men in Russia at his time , and ___MASK19___ , the inventor of dynamite who left the major part of his estate to the creation of the Nobel Prizes . ___MASK31___ ( also Oscar ; 1843  3 September 1864 ) was a member of the Nobel family , the youngest son of Immanuel Nobel , the younger , and of his wife Caroline Andrietta Ahlsell . He was brother of Robert Nobel , ___MASK49___ and Alfred Nobel . Emil died on September 3 , 1864 , the victim of an explosion while experimenting with nitroglycerine in his father ' s factory in Heleneborg , Stockholm . His brother Alfred later managed to stabilize dynamite with diatomaceous earth . Alfred was not in the factory at the time of Emil ' s death . Stockholm ( or ) is the capital of Sweden and the most populous city in the Nordic countries ; 932 , 917 people live in the municipality , approximately 1 . 5 million in the urban area , and 2 . ___MASK83___ million in the metropolitan area . The city is spread across 14 islands on the coast in the southeast of Sweden at the mouth of Lake Mälaren , by the Stockholm archipelago and the Baltic Sea . The area has been settled since the Stone Age , in the 6th millennium BC , and was founded as a city in 1252 by a Swedish statesman ___MASK33___ . It is also the capital of Stockholm County . Robert Hjalmar Nobel ( / nobl / ; Swedish : ( nbl ) ; August 4 1829 -- August 7 1896 ) was the oldest son of Immanuel Nobel and his wife Caroline Andrietta Ahlsell , brother of Ludvig and ___MASK19___ . He was working for his brother Ludvig when he bought an interest in an oil refinery in Baku , Azerbaijan in 1876 . He and his brother started Branobel , which was an important early oil company that controlled a large amount of Russian output .