part_of second mithridatic war
The Second Mithridatic ___MASK15___ ( 83 -- 81 BC ) was one of three wars fought between Pontus and the Roman Republic . The second Mithridatic ___MASK15___ was fought between King Mithridates VI of Pontus and the Roman general Lucius Licinius Murena . At the conclusion of the First Mithridatic ___MASK15___ , Sulla had come to a hasty agreement with Mithridates that allowed the latter to remain in control of his Kingdom of Pontus , but relinquishing his claim to ___MASK14___ Minor and respecting pre - ___MASK15___ borders . Murena , as Sulla ' s legate , was stationed in ___MASK14___ as commander of the two legions formerly under the command of Gaius Flavius Fimbria . Murena invaded Pontus on his own authority claiming that Mithridates was re - arming and posed a direct threat to Roman ___MASK14___ Minor . After several inconclusive skirmishes , Mithridates inflicted a minor defeat on Murena and forced his withdrawal from Pontus . Peace was restored on the orders of Sulla . This was followed by the Third Mithridatic ___MASK15___ . The Roman Kingdom was the period of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a monarchical form of ___MASK24___ of the ___MASK82___ of Rome and its territories . A consul was the highest elected political office of the Roman Republic , and the consulship was considered the highest level of the " ___MASK70___ " ( the sequential order of public offices through which aspiring politicians sought to ascend ). The Kingdom of Pontus or Pontic ___MASK96___ was a state founded by the Persian Mithridatic dynasty , which ___MASK45___ have been directly related to Darius the Great and the Achaemenid dynasty . The kingdom was proclaimed by Mithridates I in 281BCE and lasted until its conquest by the Roman Republic in 63BCE . It reached its largest extent under Mithridates VI the Great , who conquered Colchis , Cappadocia , Bithynia , the Greek colonies of the Tauric Chersonesos , and for a brief time the Roman province of Asia . After a long struggle with Rome in the ___MASK44___ , Pontus was defeated ; part of it was incorporated into the Roman Republic as the province Bithynia et Pontus , and the eastern half survived as a client kingdom . The Roman Republic was the ___MASK97___ of ancient Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom , traditionally dated to 509 BC , and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman ___MASK96___ . It was during this period that Rome ' s control expanded from the city ' s immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world . A ___MASK82___ is a large and permanent human settlement . Although there is no agreement on how a ___MASK82___ is distinguished from a town in general English language meanings , many cities have a particular administrative , legal , or historical status based on local law . ___MASK27___ ( from Greek , '  " east " or "( sun ) rise "; in modern ), in ___MASK20___ known as ___MASK14___ Minor ( from '  " small ___MASK14___ "; in modern ), Asian Turkey , Anatolian peninsula , or Anatolian plateau , is the westernmost protrusion of ___MASK14___ , which makes up the majority of modern - day Turkey . The region is bounded by the Black Sea to the north , the Mediterranean Sea to the south , and the Aegean Sea to the west . The Sea of Marmara forms a connection between the Black and Aegean Seas through the Bosphorus and Dardanelles straits and separates ___MASK27___ from Thrace on the European mainland . Hegemony ( or , or " leadership , rule ") is the political , economic , or ___MASK38___ predominance or control of one state over others . In ancient Greece ( 8th century BCE  6th century CE ), " hegemony " denoted the politico  ___MASK38___ dominance of a ___MASK82___ - state over other ___MASK82___ - states . The dominant state is known as the " hegemon ". Turkey , officially ___MASK4___ of Turkey ( Turkish : ), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia , mainly in ___MASK27___ in Western ___MASK14___ , with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe . Turkey is a democratic , secular , unitary , parliamentary republic with a diverse cultural heritage . Turkey is bordered by eight countries : Greece to the west ; Bulgaria to the northwest ; Georgia to the northeast ; Armenia , the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan and Iran to the east ; and Iraq and Syria to the south . The Aegean Sea is to the west , the Black Sea to the north , and the Mediterranean Sea to the south . The Bosphorus , the Sea of Marmara , and the Dardanelles , which together form the Turkish Straits , divide Thrace and ___MASK27___ ; they also separate Europe and ___MASK14___ . Turkey ' s location has given it geopolitical and strategic importance throughout history . There were three ___MASK44___ between Rome and the Kingdom of Pontus in the 1st century BC . They are named for Mithridates VI who was King of Pontus at the time . Mithridates VI or Mithradates VI , from Old Persian " Miradta ", " gift of Mithra "; 135  63 BC , also known as Mithradates the Great ( Megas ) and Eupator Dionysius , was king of Pontus and Armenia Minor in northern ___MASK27___ ( now Turkey ) from about 120  63 BC . Mithridates is remembered as one of the Roman Republic  s most formidable and successful enemies , who engaged three of the prominent generals from the late Roman Republic in the ___MASK44___ : Lucius Cornelius Sulla , Lucius Licinius Lucullus and Gnaeus Pompey Magnus . He is often considered the greatest ruler of the Kingdom of Pontus . Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus ( 29 ___MASK69___ 106 BC  28 ___MASK69___ 48 BC ), usually known in ___MASK41___ as Pompey or Pompey the Great , was a military and political leader of the late Roman Republic . He came from a wealthy Italian provincial background , and his father had been the first to establish the family among the Roman nobility . Pompey ' s immense success as a general while still very young enabled him to advance directly to his first consulship without meeting the normal requirements for office . His success as a military commander in Sulla ' s Second Civil War resulted in Sulla bestowing the nickname " Magnus ", " the Great ", upon him . He was consul three times and celebrated three triumphs . Lucius Licinius Murena was Roman consul in 62 BC . His father had the same ___MASK89___ . Lucius Licinius Lucullus ( 118  57 / 56 BC ) was an " optimate " politician of the late Roman Republic , closely connected with Lucius Cornelius Sulla . In the culmination of over twenty years of almost continuous ___MASK38___ and ___MASK24___ service , he became the main conqueror of the eastern kingdoms in the course of the Third Mithridatic War , exhibiting extraordinary generalship in diverse situations , most famously during the siege of Cyzicus , 73 - 72 BC , and at the Battle of Tigranocerta in Armenian Arzanene , 69 BC . His command style received unusually favourable attention from ancient ___MASK38___ experts , and his campaigns appear to have been studied as examples of skillful generalship . The Roman ___MASK96___ ( Koine and Medieval Greek :    , tr . ) was the post - Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization , characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe , Africa and Asia . The city of Rome was the largest city in the world BC AD , with Constantinople ( New Rome ) becoming the largest around 500 AD , and the ___MASK96___ ' s populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants ( roughly 20 % of the world ' s population at the time ). The 500 - year - old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict , during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC . Civil wars and executions continued , culminating in the victory of Octavian , Caesar ' s adopted son , over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the annexation of Egypt . Octavian ' s power was then unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title " Augustus ", effectively marking the end of the Roman Republic .