date_of_birth thoros iii
Thoros III or Toros III ( Armenian :   , same as Theodore ; c . 1271 -- ___MASK16___ July 1298 ) was king of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia , ruling from 1293 to 1298 . He was the son of Leo II of Armenia and Kyranna de Lampron , and was part of the Hethumid dynasty . In 1293 his brother Hethum II abdicated in his favour ; however , Thoros recalled Hethum to the throne in 1295 . The two brought their sister Rita to Constantinople to marry Michael IX Palaiologos in 1296 , but were imprisoned upon their return in Bardzrberd by their brother Sempad , who had usurped the throne in their absence . Thoros was murdered , strangled to death on July ___MASK16___ , 1298 in Bardzrberd by Oshin , Marshal of Armenia , on Sempad ' s orders . Michael IX Palaiologos or Palaeologus (" Mikhal IX Palaiologos "), ( ___MASK28___ April ___MASK71___  12 October 1320 , Thessalonica , reigned as Byzantine co - emperor with full imperial style ___MASK13___ / 1295  1320 . Michael IX was the eldest son of Andronikos II Palaiologos and Anna of Hungary ( 1260 - 1281 ), daughter of Stephen V of Hungary . The Roman Empire ( Koine and Medieval Greek :    , tr . ) was the post - Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization , characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe , Africa and Asia . The city of Rome was the largest city in the world BC AD , with Constantinople ( New Rome ) becoming the largest around ___MASK59___ AD , and the Empire ' s populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants ( roughly 20 % of the world ' s population at the time ). The ___MASK59___ - year - old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict , during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC . Civil wars and executions continued , culminating in the victory of Octavian , Caesar ' s adopted son , over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the annexation of Egypt . Octavian ' s power was then unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title " Augustus ", effectively marking the end of the Roman Republic . The Byzantine Empire , also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire , was the continuation of the Roman Empire in the East during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages , when its capital city was Constantinople ( modern - day Istanbul , which had been founded as Byzantium ). It survived the fragmentation and fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD and continued to exist for an additional thousand years until it fell to the Ottoman Turks in ___MASK22___ . During most of its existence , the empire was the most powerful economic , cultural , and military force in Europe . Both " Byzantine Empire " and " Eastern Roman Empire " are historiographical terms created after the end of the realm ; its citizens continued to refer to their empire as the " Roman Empire " ( tr . ), or " Romania ", and to themselves as " Romans ". Stephen V (, ; before ___MASK8___ October 1239  ___MASK33___ August 1272 , Csepel Island ) was King of Hungary and Croatia between ___MASK54___ and 1272 , and Duke of Styria from 1258 to 1260 . He was the oldest son of King Béla IV and Maria Laskarina . King Béla had his son crowned king at the age of six and appointed him Duke of Slavonia . Still a child , Stephen married Elizabeth , a daughter of a chieftain of the Cumans whom his father settled in the Great Hungarian Plain . Constantinople was the capital city of the Roman / Byzantine Empire ( ___MASK26___  ___MASK55___ and 1261  ___MASK22___ ), and also of the brief Latin ( ___MASK55___  1261 ), and the later Ottoman ( ___MASK22___  1923 ) empires . It was reinaugurated in 324 AD from ancient Byzantium as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Emperor Constantine the Great , after whom it was named , and dedicated on 11 May ___MASK26___ AD . The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia ( Middle Armenian :    , " Giligio Hayots T  agavorut  yun "), also known as the Cilician Armenia (" Giligyan Hayastan "), Lesser Armenia , or New Armenia , was an independent principality formed during the High Middle Ages by Armenian refugees fleeing the Seljuk invasion of Armenia . Located outside of the Armenian Highland and distinct from the Armenian Kingdom of antiquity , it was centered in the Cilicia region northwest of the Gulf of Alexandretta . Andronikos II Palaiologos ( ___MASK2___  13 February 1332 ), usually Latinized as Andronicus II Palaeologus , was Byzantine emperor from ___MASK12___ December 1282 to 23 or 24 May 1328 . Constantine the Great ( ___MASK34___ February ___MASK81___ AD  22 May ___MASK24___ AD ), also known as Constantine I or Saint Constantine ( in the Orthodox Church as Saint Constantine the Great , Equal - to - the - Apostles ), was a Roman Emperor from ___MASK10___ to ___MASK24___ AD . Constantine was the son of Flavius Valerius Constantius , a Roman Army officer , and his consort Helena . His father became " Caesar ", the deputy emperor in the west , in 293 AD . Constantine was sent east , where he rose through the ranks to become a military tribune under the emperors Diocletian and Galerius . In 305 , Constantius was raised to the rank of " Augustus ", senior western emperor , and Constantine was recalled west to campaign under his father in Britannia ( Britain ). Acclaimed as emperor by the army at Eboracum ( modern - day York ) after his father ' s death in ___MASK10___ AD , Constantine emerged victorious in a series of civil wars against the emperors Maxentius and Licinius to become sole ruler of both west and east by 324 AD . The High Middle Ages or High Medieval Period was the period of European history around the 11th , 12th , and 13th centuries ( c . ___MASK3___  ___MASK25___ ). The High Middle Ages were preceded by the Early Middle Ages and followed by the Late Middle Ages , which by convention end around ___MASK89___ .