place_of_death john crowe ransom
John Crowe Ransom ( April 30 , 1888 -- July 3 , 1974 ) was an American educator , scholar , literary critic , poet , essayist and editor . He is considered to be a founder of the New Criticism school of literary criticism . As a faculty member at Kenyon College , he was the first editor of the widely regarded Kenyon Review . Highly respected as a teacher and mentor to a generation of accomplished students , he also was a prize - winning poet and essayist . " Tradition and the Individual Talent " ( 1919 ) is an essay written by poet and literary critic T . S . ___MASK59___ . The essay was first published in " The Egoist " ( 1919 ) and later in ___MASK59___ ' s first book of criticism , " The Sacred Wood " ( 1920 ). The essay is also available in ___MASK59___ ' s " Selected Prose " and " Selected Essays "." The North ___MASK34___ Association of Colleges and Schools ( NCA ), also known as the North ___MASK34___ Association , was a membership organization , consisting of colleges , universities , and schools in 19 U . S . states engaged in educational accreditation . It was one of six regional accreditation bodies in the U . S . and its Higher Learning Commission was recognized by the United States Department of Education and the Council for Higher Education Accreditation ( CHEA ) as a regional accreditor for higher education institutions . Literary theory in a strict sense is the systematic study of the nature of literature and of the methods for analyzing literature . However , literary scholarship since the 19th century often includes  in addition to , or even instead of literary theory in the strict sense  considerations of intellectual history , moral philosophy , social prophecy , and other interdisciplinary themes which are of relevance to the way humans interpret meaning . In humanities in modern academia , the latter style of scholarship is an outgrowth of critical theory and is often called simply " theory ." As a consequence , the word " theory " has become an umbrella term for a variety of scholarly approaches to ___MASK43___ texts . Many of these approaches are informed by various strands of Continental philosophy and sociology . In literary criticism , close ___MASK43___ is the careful , sustained interpretation of a brief passage of a text . A close ___MASK43___ emphasizes the single and the particular over the general , effected by close attention to individual words , the syntax , and the order in which the sentences unfold ideas , as the reader scans the line of text . ___MASK40___ is an Eastern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States . ___MASK40___ is the 34th largest by area , the 7th ___MASK19___ populous , and the 10th ___MASK19___ densely populated of the 50 United States . The state ' s capital and largest city is ___MASK74___ . Ivor Armstrong Richards ( 26 February 1893  7 September 1979 ), known as I . A . Richards , was an English educator , literary critic , and rhetorician whose work contributed to the foundations of the New Criticism , a formalist movement in literary theory , which emphasized the close ___MASK43___ of a literary text , especially poetry , in an effort to discover how a work of literature functions as a self - contained , self - referential æsthetic object . New Criticism was a formalist movement in literary theory that dominated American literary criticism in the middle decades of the 20th century . It emphasized close ___MASK43___ , particularly of poetry , to discover how a work of literature functioned as a self - contained , self - referential aesthetic object . The movement derived its name from John Crowe Ransom ' s 1941 book " The New Criticism ". The work of English scholar I . A . Richards , especially his " Practical Criticism " and " The Meaning of Meaning ", which offered what was claimed to be an empirical scientific approach , were important to the development of New Critical methodology . Also very influential were the critical essays of T . S . ___MASK59___ , such as " Tradition and the Individual Talent " and " Hamlet and His Problems ", in which ___MASK59___ developed his notion of the " objective correlative ". ___MASK59___ ' s evaluative judgments , such as his condemnation of Milton and Shelley , his liking for the so - called metaphysical poets and his insistence that poetry must be impersonal , greatly influenced the formation of the New Critical canon . Thomas Stearns ___MASK59___ ( 26 September 1888  4 January 1965 ) was a British essayist , publisher , playwright , literary and social critic , and " one of the twentieth century ' s major poets ". He moved from his native United States to ___MASK67___ in 1914 at the age of 25 , settling , working , and marrying there . He was eventually naturalised as a British subject in 1927 at the age of 39 , renouncing his American citizenship . Philander Chase ( December 14 , 1775  September 20 , 1852 ) was an Episcopal Church ___MASK14___ , educator , and ___MASK3___ of the United States western frontier , especially in Ohio and ___MASK31___ . Kenyon College is a private ___MASK42___ arts college in ___MASK32___ , United States , founded in 1824 by Philander Chase . It is the oldest private college in Ohio and is affiliated with the Episcopal Church . The campus is noted for its Collegiate Gothic architecture and rural setting . Kenyon College is accredited by The Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools . The acceptance rate for the Class of 2019 was 23 . 8 %, the ___MASK19___ selective year to date . Gambier is a village in ___MASK61___ , Ohio , United States . The population was 2 , 391 at the 2010 census . " Hamlet and His Problems " is an essay written by T . S . ___MASK59___ in 1919 that offers a critical reading of " Hamlet ". The essay first appeared in ___MASK59___ ' s " The Sacred Wood : Essays on Poetry and Criticism " in 1920 . It was later reprinted by Faber & Faber in 1932 in " Selected Essays , 1917 - 1932 ". ___MASK59___ ' s critique gained attention partly due to his claim that " Hamlet " is " most certainly an artistic failure ." ___MASK59___ also popularised the concept of the objective correlative  a mechanism used to evoke emotion in an audience  in the essay . The essay is also an example of ___MASK59___ ' s use of what became known as new criticism .