parent_taxon astacidae
The family ___MASK64___ comprises the freshwater crayfish native to Europe and western North America . It is made up of three genera . ___MASK24___ is found on the Pacific coast of the United States and British Columbia and includes the signal crayfish and the Shasta crayfish . The genera Astacus and ___MASK65___ are both found throughout Europe and parts of western Asia . Idaho is a state in the northwestern region of the United States . It borders the state of Montana to the east and northeast , Wyoming to the east , Nevada and Utah to the south , and Washington and Oregon to the west . To the north , it shares a small portion of the Canadian border with the province of British Columbia . With a population of around 1 . 7 million people and an ___MASK80___ of , Idaho is the 14th largest and 39th most populous of the 50 states . The state ' s capital and largest city is Boise . Crayfish , also known as crawfish , crawdads , freshwater lobsters , mountain lobsters , mudbugs or yabbies , are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters , to which they are related ; taxonomically , they are members of the superfamilies ___MASK98___ and Parastacoidea . They breathe through feather - like gills . Some species are found in brooks and streams where there is running fresh water , while others thrive in swamps , ditches , and rice paddies . Most crayfish cannot tolerate polluted water , although some species such as " Procambarus clarkii " are hardier . Crayfish feed on living and dead animals and plants . Canada ( French : ) is a country in the northern half of North America . Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean , covering , making it the world ' s second - largest country by total ___MASK80___ and the fourth - largest country by land ___MASK80___ . Canada ' s border with the United States is the world ' s longest land border . The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate , but southerly ___MASK66___ are warm in summer . Canada is sparsely populated , the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains . About four - fifths of the country ' s population of 36 million people is urbanized and live near the southern border . Its capital is Ottawa , its largest city is Toronto ; other major urban ___MASK66___ include Montreal , Vancouver , Calgary , Edmonton , Quebec City , Winnipeg and Hamilton . Alaska is a U . S . state located in the northwest extremity of North America . The Canadian administrative divisions of British Columbia and Yukon border the state to the east ; its most extreme western part is Attu Island ; it has a maritime border with Russia to the west across the Bering Strait . To the north are the Chukchi and Beaufort seas  the southern parts of the Arctic Ocean . The Pacific Ocean lies to the south and southwest . Alaska is the largest state in the United States by ___MASK80___ , the 3rd least populous and the least densely populated of the 50 United States . Approximately half of Alaska ' s residents ( the total estimated at 738 , 432 by the U . S . Census Bureau in 2015 ) live within the Anchorage metropolitan ___MASK80___ . Alaska ' s economy is dominated by the fishing , natural gas , and oil industries , resources which it has in abundance . Military bases and tourism are also a significant part of the economy . ___MASK65___ is a genus of crayfish in the family Astacidae . It contains three extant species , and one species known from fossils of Barremian age : The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world ' s oceans with a total ___MASK80___ of about . It covers approximately 20 percent of the Earth ' s surface and about 29 percent of its water surface ___MASK80___ . It separates the " Old World " from the " New World ". A gill is a respiratory organ found in many aquatic organisms that extracts dissolved oxygen from water and excretes carbon dioxide . The gills of some species , such as ___MASK82___ crabs , have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are kept moist . The microscopic structure of a gill presents a large surface ___MASK80___ to the external environment . Crayfish plague , " ___MASK89___ astaci ", is a water mold that infects crayfish , most notably the European " Astacus " which dies within a few weeks of being infected . When experimentally tested , species from Australia , New Guinea and Japan were also found to be susceptible to the infection . The Pacific Northwest ( in the United States , commonly abbreviated as PNW ), sometimes referred to as Cascadia , is a geographic region in western North America bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the west and loosely , by the Rocky Mountains on the east . Though no agreed boundary exists , a common conception includes the U . S . states of Oregon and Washington and the Canadian province of British Columbia . Broader conceptions reach north into Alaska and Yukon , south into far northern ___MASK76___ and east to the Continental Divide , thus including Idaho , Western Montana , and western Wyoming . Narrower conceptions may be limited to the northwestern US or to the coastal ___MASK66___ west of the Cascade and Coast mountains . The variety of definitions can be attributed to partially overlapping commonalities of the region ' s history , geography , society , and other factors . Asia is Earth ' s largest and most populous continent , located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres and sharing the continental landmass of Eurasia with the continent of Europe . Asia covers an ___MASK80___ of , about 30 % of Earth ' s total land ___MASK80___ and 8 . 7 % of the Earth ' s total surface ___MASK80___ . The continent , which has long been home to the majority of the human population , was the site of many of the first civilizations . Asia is notable for not only its overall large size and population , but also dense and large settlements as well as vast barely populated regions within the continent of 4 . 4 billion people . The Black Sea is a body of water between Eastern Europe and Western Asia , bounded by ___MASK59___ , Georgia , Romania , Russia , Turkey , and Ukraine . It is supplied by a number of major rivers , such as the Danube , Dnieper , Rioni , Southern Bug , and Dniester . The Black Sea has an ___MASK80___ of ( not including the Sea of Azov ), a maximum depth of , and a volume of . It is constrained by the Pontic Mountains to the south and by the Caucasus Mountains to the east , and features a wide shelf to the northwest . The longest east - west extent is about . British Columbia ( BC ) is the westernmost province of Canada , with a population of more than four million people located between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains . British Columbia is also a component of the Pacific Northwest and the Cascadia bioregion , along with the U . S . states of Idaho , Oregon , Washington and Alaska . Europe is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia . Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north , the Atlantic Ocean to the west , and the Mediterranean Sea to the south . To the east and southeast , Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains , the Ural River , the Caspian and Black Seas , and the waterways of the Turkish Straits . Yet the non - oceanic borders of Europe  a concept dating back to classical antiquity  are arbitrary . The primarily physiographic term " continent " as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent ' s current overland boundaries . ___MASK19___ ( from the Greek , "", meaning " lobster " or " crayfish ") is a genus of crayfish found in Europe and western Asia , comprising three extant and four extinct species . Lobsters comprise a family ( ___MASK33___ , sometimes also Homaridae ) of large marine crustaceans . An invasive species is a ___MASK20___ , fungus , or animal species that is not native to a specific location ( an introduced species ), and which has a tendency to spread to a degree believed to cause damage to the environment , human economy or human health . Art is a diverse range of ___MASK74___ activities in creating visual , auditory or performing artifacts ( artworks ), expressing the author ' s imaginative or technical skill , intended to be appreciated for their beauty or emotional power . In their most general form these activities include the production of works of art , the criticism of art , the study of the history of art , and the aesthetic dissemination of art . A continent is one of several very large landmasses on Earth . Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria , up to seven regions are commonly regarded as continents . Ordered from largest in size to smallest , they are : Asia , Africa , North America , South America , Antarctica , Europe , and Australia . In geology , ___MASK66___ of continental crust include regions covered with water . The signal crayfish , ___MASK24___ leniusculus , is a North American species of crayfish . It was introduced to Europe in the 1960s to supplement the Scandinavian " ___MASK19___ astacus " fisheries , which were being damaged by crayfish plague , but the imports turned out to be a carrier of that disease . The signal crayfish is now considered an invasive species across Europe and Japan , ousting native species there . ___MASK19___ astacus , the European crayfish , noble crayfish or broad - fingered crayfish , is the most common species of crayfish in Europe , and a traditional food source . Like other true crayfish , " ___MASK19___ astacus " is restricted to fresh water , living only in unpolluted streams , rivers and lakes . It is found from France throughout Central Europe , to the Balkan peninsula , and north as far as parts of the British Isles , Scandinavia , and Eastern Europe . Males may grow up to 16 cm long , and females up to 12 cm . ___MASK24___ is a genus of crayfish native to western North America ( USA and Canada ), containing the following six species ( DD = Data Deficient ; CR = Critically Endangered ; LC = Least Concern ; EX = Extinct ): ___MASK94___ clarkii is a freshwater crayfish species , native to the Southeastern United States , but found also on other continents , where it is often an invasive pest . It is known variously as the red swamp crawfish , red swamp crayfish , Louisiana crawfish , Louisiana crayfish or mudbug .