continent oulujoki
Fennoscandia , Fenno - Scandinavia , or the Fennoscandian Peninsula , is the geographical peninsula of the Nordic region comprising the Scandinavian Peninsula , Finland , Karelia , and the Kola Peninsula . It encompasses Finland , Norway and Sweden , as well as Murmansk Oblast , much of the Republic of Karelia and parts of northern Leningrad Oblast in Russia . Its name comes from the Latin words " Fennia " ( Finland ) and " Scandia " ( Scandinavian ). The term was first used by the Finnish geologist Wilhelm Ramsay in 1898 . Geologically , the area is distinct because its bedrock is Archaean granite and gneiss with very little limestone , in contrast to neighboring areas in ___MASK20___ . Oulujoki ( in modern Finnish literally `` Oulu River '' , originally in old Northern Ostrobothnian dialect literally `` Flood River '' , Swedish : Ule älv ) is a river in Oulu province , Finland . Its origin is Oulujärvi and its watershed area covers a significant part of Kainuu region . It flows into the Bothnian Bay at Oulu . Port of Oulu is located at the mouth of the river . Oulu is a city and municipality of inhabitants in the region of Northern Ostrobothnia , Finland . It is the most populous city in Northern Finland and the fifth most populous city in the country . There are no larger cities ( outside of Russia ) that are more northerly than Oulu . It is also considered one of ___MASK20___ ' s " living labs ", where residents experiment with new technology ( such as NFC tags and ubi - screens ) at a community - wide scale . Russia ( from the  Rus '), also officially known as the Russian Federation , is a country in ___MASK9___ . At , Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area , covering more than one - eighth of the Earth ' s inhabited land area , and the ninth most populous , with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016 . The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern , about 77 % of the population live in European Russia . Russia ' s capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world , other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg , Novosibirsk , Yekaterinburg , Nizhny Novgorod and Samara . Kainuu is one of the 19 regions of Finland (" maakunta " / " landskap ") . There are 18 regions in mainland Finland , and the autonomous Åland Islands . Kainuu borders the regions of Northern Ostrobothnia , North Karelia and Northern Savonia . In the east it also borders Russia . Finland , officially the Republic of Finland , is a sovereign state in Northern ___MASK20___ . A peninsula with the Gulf of Finland to the south and the Gulf of Bothnia to the west , the country has land borders with Sweden to the northwest , Norway to the north , and Russia to the east . Estonia is south of the country across the Gulf of Finland . Finland is a Nordic country situated in the geographical region of Fennoscandia , which also includes Scandinavia . Finland ' s population is 5 . 5 million ( 2014 ), staying roughly on the same level over the past two decades . The majority of the population is concentrated in the southern region . In terms of area , it is the eighth largest country in ___MASK20___ and the most sparsely populated country in the European Union . Port of Oulu (" Oulun satama " in Finnish ) is a complex of three separate harbours located at the mouth of Oulujoki river in Oulu , Finland . Port of Oulu is a corporation owned by the City of Oulu . Annual average of 3 million tons of cargo is shipped on 500 vessels . Two of the ports , Nuottasaari and Oritkari , are also rail - served . Northern ___MASK20___ is the northern part or region of ___MASK20___ . Although no definitive borders or definition exists for the term , geographically , Northern ___MASK20___ may be considered to consist approximately of all of ___MASK20___ above the 52nd parallel north ; which includes ( from west to east ) most or all of : Iceland , the Republic of Ireland , the Isle of Man , the United Kingdom , the Faroe Islands , the Netherlands , northern Germany , Denmark , Norway , Sweden , northern Poland , Finland , Estonia , Latvia , Lithuania and northwest Russia . However , narrower definitions may also be used based on other geographical factors , such as climate and ecology . Greenland , geographically a part of North America , is politically a part of the Kingdom of Denmark , and may be included depending on the definition . Scandinavia is a historical and cultural region in Northern ___MASK20___ characterized by a common ethnocultural North Germanic heritage and mutually intelligible North Germanic languages . Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden ( Swedish : ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern ___MASK20___ . It borders Norway to the west and Finland to the east , and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge - tunnel across the Öresund . At , Sweden is the third - largest country in the European Union by area , with a total population of 10 . 0 million . Sweden consequently has a low population density of , with the highest concentration in the southern half of the country . Approximately 85 % of the population lives in urban areas . The European Union ( EU ) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in ___MASK20___ . It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million . The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states . EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people , goods , services , and capital within the internal market , enact legislation in justice and home affairs , and maintain common policies on trade , agriculture , fisheries , and regional development . Within the Schengen Area , passport controls have been abolished . A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002 , and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency . Norway (; Norwegian : ( Bokmål ) or ( Nynorsk ); Sami : " Norgga "), officially the Kingdom of Norway , is a sovereign and unitary monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the island Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard . The Antarctic Peter I Island and the sub - Antarctic Bouvet Island are dependent territories and thus not considered part of the Kingdom . Norway also lays claim to a section of ___MASK70___ known as Queen Maud Land . Until 1814 , the Kingdom included the Faroe Islands ( since 1035 ), Greenland ( 1261 ), and Iceland ( 1262 ). It also included Shetland and Orkney until 1468 . It also included the following provinces , now in Sweden : Jämtland , Härjedalen and Bohuslän .