occupation edward winslow gifford
A U . S . state is a constituent political entity of the ___MASK47___ . There are 50 states , which are bound together in a union with each other . Each state holds administrative jurisdiction over a defined geographic territory , and shares its sovereignty with the United States federal government . Due to the shared sovereignty between each state and the federal government , Americans are citizens of both the federal republic and of the state in which they reside . State citizenship and residency are flexible , and no government approval is required to move between states , except for persons covered by certain types of court orders ( e . g ., paroled convicts and children of divorced spouses who are sharing custody ). Ethnography ( from Greek " ethnos " " folk , people , nation " and " grapho " " I write ") is the systematic study of people and cultures . It is designed to explore cultural phenomena where the ___MASK58___ observes society from the point of view of the subject of the study . An ethnography is a means to represent graphically and in writing the culture of a group . The word can thus be said to have a " double meaning ", which partly depends on whether it is used as a ___MASK51___ noun or uncountably . The resulting field study or a case report reflects the knowledge and the system of meanings in the lives of a cultural group . Design is the creation of a plan or convention for the ___MASK52___ of an object , system or measurable human interaction ( as in architectural blueprints , ___MASK64___ drawings , business processes , circuit diagrams , and sewing patterns ). Design has different connotations in different fields ( see design disciplines below ). In some cases , the direct ___MASK52___ of an object ( as in pottery , ___MASK64___ , management , coding , and graphic design ) is also considered to be design . Culture can be defined in numerous ways . In the words of ___MASK2___ E . B . Tylor , it is " that complex whole which includes knowledge , belief , art , morals , law , custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society ." Alternatively , in a contemporary variant , " Culture is defined as a social domain that emphasizes the practices , discourses and material expressions , which , over time , express the continuities and discontinuities of social meaning of a life held in common ." The University of California ( UC ) is a public university system in the U . S . state of California . Under the California ___MASK71___ Plan for Higher Education , the University of California is a part of the state ' s three - system public higher education plan , which also include the California State University system and the California Community Colleges System . < onlyinclude > Cultural anthropology is a branch of anthropology focused on the study of cultural variation among humans and is in contrast to ___MASK84___ which perceives cultural variation as a subset of the anthropological constant . The California ___MASK71___ Plan for Higher Education of 1960 was developed by a survey team appointed by the UC Regents and the State Board of Education during the administration of ___MASK37___ Pat Brown . Clark Kerr , then the President of UC , was a key figure in its development . The Plan set up a coherent system for postsecondary education which defined specific roles for the already - existing University of California ( UC ), the California State " College " ( CSC ) system of senior colleges , now California State " University " ( CSU ), and the California Community Colleges system ( CCC ). Language is the ability to acquire and use complex systems of communication , particularly the human ability to do so , and a language is any specific example of such a system . The scientific study of language is called ___MASK36___ . Questions concerning the philosophy of language , such as whether words can represent experience , have been debated since Gorgias and Plato in Ancient Greece . Thinkers such as Rousseau have argued that language originated from emotions while others like Kant have held that it originated from rational and logical thought . 20th - century philosophers such as Wittgenstein argued that philosophy is really the study of language . Major figures in ___MASK36___ include Ferdinand de Saussure and Noam Chomsky . Higher education , post - secondary education , or third level education is an optional final stage of formal learning that occurs after completion of secondary education . Often delivered at universities , academies , colleges , seminaries , and institutes of technology , higher education is also available through certain college - level institutions , including vocational schools , trade schools , and other career colleges that award ___MASK30___ degrees or professional certifications . Tertiary education at non - degree level is sometimes referred to as further education or continuing education as distinct from higher education . The University of California , Berkeley , ( also referred to as Berkeley , UC Berkeley , and Cal ) is a public ___MASK10___ university located in Berkeley , California . Founded in 1868 , Berkeley is the oldest of the ten ___MASK10___ universities affiliated with the University of California system , and is often cited as the top public university in the United States and around the world . Anthropology is the study of various aspects of humans within past and present societies . ___MASK84___ and cultural anthropology study the norms and values of societies . Linguistic anthropology studies how language affects social life . Biological or physical anthropology studies the biological development of humans . Modern humans (" Homo sapiens ", primarily ssp . " Homo sapiens sapiens ") are the only extant members of Hominina tribe ( or human tribe ), a branch of the tribe Hominini belonging to the family of great apes . They are characterized by erect posture and bipedal locomotion ; manual dexterity and increased tool use , compared to other animals ; and a ___MASK61___ trend toward larger , more complex brains and societies . Edward Winslow Gifford ( August 14 , 1887 -- May 16 , 1959 ) devoted his life to studying California Indian ethnography as a professor of anthropology and director of the Museum of Anthropology at the University of California , Berkeley . Born in Oakland , California , he became an assistant curator of ornithology at the California Academy of Sciences after graduating from high school ; he never attended college . He joined the University of California ' s Museum of Anthropology in 1912 as an assistant curator , becoming a curator in 1925 and a professor in 1945 . Working in close association with the preeminent leader in California anthropology , Alfred L . Kroeber , Gifford produced more than 100 publications . His numerous contributions to salvage ethnography have left an invaluable record of the state ' s native cultures . He developed the museum into a ___MASK59___ U . S . institution with its ___MASK59___ field ___MASK10___ and collections . The California State University ( Cal State or CSU ) is a public university system in California . Composed of 23 campuses and eight off - campus centers enrolling 460 , 200 students with 24 , 405 ___MASK8___ and 23 , 012 staff , CSU is the largest four - year public university system in the United States . It is one of three public higher education systems in the state , with the other two being the University of California system and the California Community Colleges System . The CSU System is incorporated as The Trustees of the California State University . The California State University system headquarters are at 401 Golden Shore in Long Beach , California . A university (" a whole ", " a corporation ") is an institution of higher ( or tertiary ) education and ___MASK10___ which grants academic degrees in various subjects . Universities typically provide undergraduate education and postgraduate education .