instance_of kuntur wasi
Ecuador , officially the ___MASK80___ of Ecuador ( which literally translates as " ___MASK80___ of the Equator "), is a representative democratic ___MASK80___ in northwestern South America , bordered by Colombia on the north , Peru on the east and south , and the Pacific Ocean to the west . Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific , about west of the mainland . Colombia ( or ), officially the ___MASK80___ of Colombia , is a ___MASK77___ largely situated in the northwest of South America , with territories in Central America . Colombia shares a border to the northwest with Panama , to the east with Venezuela and Brazil and to the south with Ecuador and Peru . It shares its maritime limits with Costa Rica , Nicaragua , Honduras , Jamaica , the Dominican ___MASK80___ and Haiti . It is a unitary , constitutional republic comprising thirty - two departments . The territory of what is now Colombia was originally inhabited by indigenous peoples including the Muisca , the Quimbaya and the Tairona . The Pacific ___MASK94___ is the largest of the Earth ' s oceanic divisions . It extends from the Arctic ___MASK94___ in the north to the Southern ___MASK94___ ( or , depending on definition , to Antarctica ) in the south and is bounded by Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east . Condor is the ___MASK15___ for two ___MASK21___ of New World vultures , each in a monotypic ___MASK34___ . The name derives from the Quechua " kuntur ". They are the largest flying land birds in the Western Hemisphere . ___MASK87___ , officially the Federative Republic of ___MASK87___ , is the largest country in both South America and Latin America . As the world ' s fifth - largest country by both area and population , it is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas . Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east , ___MASK87___ has a coastline of . It borders all other South American countries except Ecuador and Chile and covers 47 . 3 % of the ___MASK29___ ' s land area . Its Amazon River basin includes a vast tropical forest , home to diverse wildlife , a variety of ecological systems , and extensive natural resources spanning numerous protected habitats . This unique environmental heritage makes ___MASK87___ one of 17 megadiverse countries , and is the subject of significant global interest and debate regarding deforestation and environmental protection . Kuntur Wasi ( Quechua kuntur condor , wasi house , `` condor house '' ) is the ___MASK63___ given to the ___MASK48___ of a religious center with complex ___MASK3___ and stone sculptures , located in the Andean highlands of Peru . It is believed the inhabitants had a link with the Chavín culture . Kuntur Wasi is located in the Northern Mountain Range of Peru , specifically at the headwaters of the Jequetepeque River , in the region of the city of Cajamarca near the small town of San Pablo . The Jequetepeque valley provided a transportation corridor between the coastal region and the highlands . Kuntur Wasi was a center where people congregated . It is thought to have been constructed around 1000 - 700 BCE , during the Initial Period . The ___MASK3___ consists of a hill - top temple , quadrangular platforms , a sunken courtyard , and series of rooms . In the floor of one room there is an anthropomorphic figure made of clay , about 30 inches ( 75 cm ) in height . It is painted with cinnabar red , malachite green , and black , yellow , and pink . Its face has big square eyes and a wide mouth with prominent canine teeth . There are also stepped platforms and funeral structures . Lithosculptures have been found , similar to the Chavín style . Kuntur Wasi was occupied between the years 1200 - 50 BC . It was first discovered in 1945 by Julio C . Tello . In 1989 , scientists from the University of Tokyo excavated four tombs at Kuntur Wasi . Valuable items , such as pectoral necklaces ( decorative breastplates ) , gold crowns , ornamental stone beads , earrings , sets of dishes and iconographies of people were discovered in the burial area . Since the beginning of the University of Tokyo ' s archaeological mission , eight tombs have been found in the area . The Kuntur Wasi Museum , managed by local citizens , opened in 1994 . The Chavín ___MASK100___ is an extinct , prehistoric ___MASK5___ , named for " Chavín de Huantar ", the ___MASK10___ ___MASK90___ at which its artifacts have been found . The ___MASK100___ developed in the northern Andean highlands of Peru from 900 BC to 200 BC . It extended its influence to other civilizations along the coast . The Chavín people ( whose name for themselves is unknown ) were located in the Mosna Valley where the Mosna and Huachecsa rivers merge . This area is above sea level and encompasses the " quechua ", " suni ", and " puna " life zones . Bolivia (; ), officially known as the Plurinational ___MASK47___ of Bolivia , is a landlocked country located in western - central South America . It is bordered to the north and east by ___MASK87___ , to the southeast by Paraguay , to the south by Argentina , to the southwest by Chile , and to the northwest by Peru . One - third of the country is the Andean mountain range , with one of its largest cities and ___MASK10___ economic centers , El Alto , located on the Altiplano . Bolivia is one of two landlocked countries ( the other is Paraguay ) that lie outside Afro - Eurasia . Bolivia is the largest landlocked country in the Americas . A ___MASK5___ , or civilisation ( see spelling differences ), is any complex ___MASK76___ characterized by urban development , social stratification , symbolic communication forms ( typically , writing systems ), and a perceived separation from and domination over the natural environment by a cultural elite . Civilizations are intimately associated with and often further defined by other socio - politico - economic characteristics , including centralization , the domestication of both humans and other organisms , specialization of labour , culturally ingrained ideologies of progress and supremacism , monumental architecture , taxation , societal dependence upon farming as an agricultural practice , and expansionism . Chile , officially the ___MASK80___ of Chile , is a South American country occupying a long , narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west . It borders Peru to the north , Bolivia to the northeast , Argentina to the east , and the Drake Passage in the far south . Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández , Salas y Gómez , Desventuradas , and Easter Island in Oceania . Chile also claims about of Antarctica , although all claims are suspended under the Antarctic Treaty . Peru , officially the ___MASK80___ of Peru , is a country in western South America . It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia , in the east by ___MASK87___ , in the southeast by Bolivia , in the south by Chile , and in the west by the Pacific Ocean . Peru is an extremely biodiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains vertically extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon Basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon river . The Amazon basin is the ___MASK92___ of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries . The Amazon ___MASK26___ covers an area of about , or roughly 40 percent of the South American ___MASK29___ . It is located in the countries of Bolivia , Brazil , Colombia , Ecuador , Guyana , Peru , Suriname and Venezuela . Chavín de Huántar is an ___MASK90___ containing ruins and artifacts constructed beginning at least by 1200 BC and occupied by later cultures until around 400 - 500 BC by the Chavín , a major pre - Inca culture . The site is located in the Ancash Region of Peru , north of Lima , at an elevation of , east of the Cordillera Blanca at the start of the Conchucos Valley . Chavín de Huántar has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site . Some of the Chavín relics from this ___MASK90___ are on display in the Museo de la Nación in Lima and the Museo Nacional de Chavín in Chavin itself . South America is a ___MASK29___ located in the western hemisphere , mostly in the southern hemisphere , with a relatively small portion in the northern hemisphere . It is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas , which is the model used in nations that speak Romance languages . The reference to South America instead of other regions ( like Latin America or the Southern Cone ) has increased in the last decades due to changing geopolitical dynamics ( in particular , the rise of Brazil ). A ___MASK34___ ( genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the ___MASK25___ of living and fossil organisms in biology . In the ___MASK1___ of ___MASK25___ , ___MASK34___ comes above species and below family . In binomial nomenclature , the ___MASK34___ name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the ___MASK34___ . In ___MASK69___ , a ___MASK21___ ( abbreviated sp ., with the plural form ___MASK21___ abbreviated spp .) is the basic unit of ___MASK25___ and a taxonomic rank . A ___MASK21___ is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which two individuals can produce fertile ___MASK58___ , typically by sexual reproduction . While this definition is often adequate , looked at more closely it is often problematic . For example , in a ___MASK21___ complex , the boundaries between closely related ___MASK21___ become unclear or disappear altogether . Other ways of defining ___MASK21___ include similarity of DNA , morphology , or ecological niche . The presence of locally adaptive traits may further subdivide ___MASK21___ into infraspecific taxa such as subspecies . The Western Hemisphere is a ___MASK85___ ___MASK53___ for the half of the earth that lies west of the Prime ___MASK16___ ( which crosses Greenwich , UK ) and east of the antimeridian , the other half being called the Eastern Hemisphere . The New World vulture or condor ___MASK28___ Cathartidae contains ___MASK99___ species in ___MASK12___ genera , all but one of which are monotypic . It includes ___MASK12___ vultures and two condors found in warm and temperate areas of the Americas . The " New World " vultures were widespread in both the Old World and North America during the Neogene . The Andes or Andean Mountains are the longest continental ___MASK88___ in the world . They are a continuous range of highlands along the western edge of South America . This range is about long , about wide ( widest between 18 ° south and 20 ° south latitude ), and of an average height of about . The Andes extend from north to south through ___MASK99___ South American countries : Venezuela , Colombia , Ecuador , Peru , Bolivia , Argentina and Chile . The Amazon ___MASK49___ ( or ; Spanish and ) in South America is the largest ___MASK49___ by discharge of ___MASK18___ in the world , and according to some experts , the longest in length . The headwaters of the Apurímac ___MASK49___ on Nevado Mismi had been considered for nearly a century as the Amazon  s most distant source , until a 2014 study found it to be the Cordillera Rumi Cruz at the headwaters of the Mantaro ___MASK49___ in Peru . The Mantaro and Apurímac confluence , and with other tributaries form the Ucayali ___MASK49___ , which in turn confluences with the Marañón ___MASK49___ upstream of Iquitos , Peru , to form what countries other than Brazil consider to be the main stem of the Amazon . Brazilians call this section the Solimões ___MASK49___ above its confluence with the Rio Negro to form what Brazilians call the Amazon at the Meeting of Waters at Manaus , the ___MASK49___ ' s largest city .