place_of_birth adriaan dijxhoorn
The ___MASK23___ of the Netherlands was part of Case Yellow , the German invasion of the Low Countries ( Belgium , Luxembourg , and the Netherlands ) and France during World War II . The Armed forces ___MASK53___ the Netherlands consist ___MASK53___ the Army , Navy , and Air Force . The Dutch government in exile , also known as the ___MASK99___ Cabinet was the government in exile of the Netherlands , headed by Queen Wilhelmina , that evacuated to ___MASK99___ after the German invasion of the country during World War II . ___MASK79___ , officially the French ___MASK85___ , is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories . The European , or metropolitan , area of ___MASK79___ extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea , and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean . Overseas ___MASK79___ include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic , Pacific and Indian oceans . ___MASK79___ spans and had a total population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017 . It is a unitary semi - presidential ___MASK85___ with the capital in Paris , the country ' s largest city and main cultural and commercial centre . Other major urban centres include Marseille , Lyon , Lille , Nice , Toulouse and Bordeaux . Adriaan Quirinus Hendrik Dijxhoorn ( 10 September 1889 -- 22 January 1953 ) was a Dutch soldier who served as Minister ___MASK53___ Defence during the ___MASK23___ ___MASK53___ the Netherlands . Following the outbreak ___MASK53___ the Second World War he was appointed Minister ___MASK53___ Defence in August 1939 as part ___MASK53___ the second De Geer Cabinet . Dijxhoorn clashed with the Supreme Commander ___MASK53___ the Dutch Army , General Izaak H . Reijnders over strategy , leading to Reijnders ' resignation and replacement with General Henri Winkelman . Together with the Queen Wilhelmina and the rest ___MASK53___ the cabinet he left for London and continued as Minister ___MASK53___ Defence in the Dutch government - in - exile until his resignation in June 1941 . Dijxhoorn was subsequently appointed the Dutch Military Representative to the Combined Chiefs ___MASK53___ Staff in Washington . He served as acting Chief ___MASK53___ the General Staff in 1945 and then as a member ___MASK53___ the Supreme Military Court until his death . World War ___MASK90___ ( often abbreviated to WWII or WW2 ), also known as the Second World War , was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945 , although related conflicts began earlier . It involved the vast majority ___MASK53___ the world ' s nations  including all ___MASK53___ the great powers  eventually forming two opposing military alliances : the Allies and the Axis . It was the ___MASK63___ widespread war in history , and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries . In a state ___MASK53___ " total war ", the major participants threw their entire economic , industrial , and scientific capabilities behind the war effort , erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources . Marked by mass deaths ___MASK53___ civilians , including the Holocaust ( in which approximately 11 million people were killed ) and the strategic bombing ___MASK53___ industrial and population centres ( in which approximately one million were killed , and which included the atomic bombings ___MASK53___ Hiroshima and ___MASK11___ ), it resulted in an estimated 50 million to 85 million fatalities . These ___MASK45___ World War ___MASK90___ the deadliest conflict in human history . The ___MASK94___ is the main constituent country ___MASK53___ the Kingdom ___MASK53___ the ___MASK94___ . It is a densely populated country located in Western Europe with three ___MASK2___ territories in the ___MASK46___ . The European part ___MASK53___ the ___MASK94___ borders Germany to the east , Belgium to the south , and the North Sea to the northwest , sharing maritime borders with Belgium , the United Kingdom , and Germany . The largest cities in the ___MASK94___ are Amsterdam , ___MASK27___ , The Hague and Utrecht . Amsterdam is the country ' s capital , while The Hague holds the Dutch seat ___MASK53___ government and parliament . The name " Holland " is used to refer informally to the whole ___MASK53___ the country ___MASK53___ the ___MASK94___ . A commander - in - chief is the person or body that exercises supreme operational command and control ___MASK53___ a nation ' s military forces or significant elements ___MASK53___ those forces . In the latter case , the force element is those forces within a particular region , or associated by function . As a practical term ; it refers to military competencies that reside in a nation - state ' s executive leadership  either a head ___MASK53___ state , a head ___MASK53___ government , a minister ___MASK53___ defence , a national cabinet , or some other collegial body . Often , a given country ' s commander - in - chief ( if held by an official ) need not be or have been a commissioned officer or even a veteran . This follows the principle ___MASK53___ civilian control ___MASK53___ the military . ___MASK91___ , officially the Kingdom ___MASK53___ ___MASK91___ , is a sovereign state in Western Europe bordered by ___MASK79___ , the Netherlands , ___MASK35___ , Luxembourg , and the North Sea . It is a small , densely populated country which covers an area ___MASK53___ and has a population ___MASK53___ about 11 million people . Straddling the cultural boundary between Germanic and Latin Europe , ___MASK91___ is home to two main linguistic groups : the Dutch - speaking , mostly Flemish community , which constitutes about 59 % ___MASK53___ the population , and the French - speaking , mostly Walloon population , which comprises 41 % ___MASK53___ all Belgians . Additionally , there is a small group ___MASK53___ German - speakers who live in the East Cantons located around the High Fens area , and bordering ___MASK35___ . The Low Countries is a coastal region in western Europe , consisting especially ___MASK53___ the Netherlands and Belgium , and the low - lying delta ___MASK53___ the Rhine , ___MASK66___ , Scheldt , and Ems rivers where much ___MASK53___ the land is at or below sea level . This wide area ___MASK53___ Western Europe roughly stretches from French Gravelines and Dunkirk at its southwestern point , to the area ___MASK53___ Dutch ___MASK57___ and German Eastern Frisia at its northeastern point , and to Luxembourg and French Thionville in the southeast . World War I ( WWI or WW1 ), also known as the First World War , or the Great War , was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918 . More than 70 million military personnel , including 60 million Europeans , were mobilised in one ___MASK53___ the largest wars in history . Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result ___MASK53___ the war ( including the victims ___MASK53___ a number ___MASK53___ genocides ), a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents ' technological and industrial sophistication , and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare . It was one ___MASK53___ the deadliest conflicts in history , and paved the way for major political changes , including revolutions in many ___MASK53___ the nations involved . ___MASK99___ is the capital and ___MASK63___ populous city of ___MASK8___ and the United Kingdom , as well as the ___MASK63___ populous city proper in the European Union . Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain , ___MASK99___ has been a major settlement for two millennia . It was founded by the Romans , who named it " Londinium ". ___MASK99___ ' s ancient core , the City of ___MASK99___ , largely retains its medieval boundaries . Since at least the 19th century , " ___MASK99___ " has also referred to the metropolis around this core , historically ___MASK73___ between Middlesex , Essex , ___MASK61___ , Kent , and Hertfordshire , which today largely makes up Greater ___MASK99___ , governed by the Mayor of ___MASK99___ and the ___MASK99___ Assembly . A government in exile is a political group which claims to be a country ' s legitimate government , but is unable to exercise ___MASK95___ power and instead resides in a foreign country . Governments in exile usually plan to one day return to their native country and regain formal power . A government in exile differs from a rump state in the sense that a rump state controls at least part of its former territory . For example , during World War I , nearly all of Belgium was occupied by Germany , but Belgium and its allies held on to a small slice in the country ' s west . A government in exile , in contrast , has lost all its territory . An invasion is a military offensive in which large parts ___MASK53___ combatants ___MASK53___ one geopolitical entity aggressively ___MASK30___ territory controlled by another such entity , generally with the objective ___MASK53___ either conquering , liberating or ___MASK38___ - establishing control or authority over a territory , forcing the partition ___MASK53___ a country , altering the established government or gaining concessions from said government , or a combination thereof . An invasion can be the cause ___MASK53___ a war , be a part ___MASK53___ a larger strategy to end a war , or it can constitute an entire war in itself . Due to the large scale ___MASK53___ the operations associated with invasions , they are usually strategic in planning and execution . Henri Gerard Winkelman ( 17 August 1876  27 December 1952 ) was a Dutch military officer who served as Commander - in - chief ___MASK53___ the Armed forces ___MASK53___ the Netherlands during the German invasion ___MASK53___ the Netherlands . ___MASK18___ , officially the Grand Duchy ___MASK53___ ___MASK18___ , is a landlocked country in western Europe . It is bordered by Belgium to the west and north , ___MASK35___ to the east , and France to the south . Its capital , ___MASK18___ City , is , together with ___MASK55___ and Strasbourg , one ___MASK53___ the three official capitals ___MASK53___ the European Union and the seat ___MASK53___ the European Court ___MASK53___ Justice , the highest juridical authority in the EU . Its culture , people and languages are highly intertwined with its neighbors , making it essentially a mixture ___MASK53___ French and Germanic cultures . The repeated invasions by its neighbor countries , especially in World War II , resulted in the country ' s ___MASK71___ will for mediation between France and ___MASK35___ and led to the foundation ___MASK53___ the European Union .