record_label paradise in gazankulu
___MASK94___ ( officially ___MASK94___ Group Limited , originally an initialism for Electric and Musical Industries and often known as ___MASK61___ and ___MASK94___ Music ) was a British multinational conglomerate founded in March 1931 and was based in London . At the time of its break - up in 2012 , it was the fourth - largest business group and family of record labels in the recording industry and was one of the big four record companies ( now the big three ). Its ___MASK61___ Ltd . group of record labels included ___MASK61___ , Parlophone , Virgin Records and Capitol Records . ___MASK94___ also had a major publishing arm , ___MASK94___ Music Publishing  also based in London with offices globally . MPEG - 1 is a standard for lossy compression of video and audio . It is designed to compress VHS - quality raw ___MASK39___ video and CD audio down to 1 . 5 Mbit / s ( 26 : 1 and 6 : 1 compression ratios respectively ) without excessive quality loss , making video CDs , ___MASK39___ cable / ___MASK64___ TV and ___MASK39___ audio broadcasting ( DAB ) possible . ___MASK17___ Limited ( also known as ___MASK17___ Records ) is a German - British record label that was founded in Germany in 1896 by the Carl Lindström Company as Parlophon . The British branch of the company was formed in 1923 as The ___MASK17___ Co . Ltd ., which developed a reputation in the 1920s as a leading jazz record label . In 1926 , the Columbia Graphophone Company acquired ___MASK17___ ' s business , name and releases . Columbia Graphophone later merged with the Gramophone Company in 1931 to become Electric & Musical Industries Limited ( EMI ). George Martin joined EMI in 1950 as assistant label manager , taking over as manager in 1955 . Martin produced and released a mix of product including comedy recordings of the Goons , the pianist Mrs Mills , and teen idol Adam Faith . In South Africa , pass laws were a form of internal ___MASK56___ system designed to segregate the population , manage urbanization , and allocate migrant labour . Also known as the natives law , pass laws severely limited the movements of black African citizens by requiring them to carry pass books when outside their homelands or designated areas . Before the 1950s , this legislation largely applied to African men , and attempts to apply it to women in the 1910s and 1950s were met with significant protests . Pass laws would be one of the dominant features of the country ' s apartheid system , until it was effectively ended in 1986 . Odds Against Tomorrow is a 1959 film noir produced and directed by Robert Wise for HarBel Productions , a company founded by the film ' s star , Harry Belafonte . Belafonte selected Abraham Polonsky to write the script , which is based on a novel by William P . McGivern . As a blacklisted writer Polonsky used a front , John O . Killens , a black novelist and friend of Belafonte ' s . In ___MASK14___ , the Writers Guild of America restored Polonsky ' s credit under his real name . A mobile device ( or handheld computer ) is a small computing device , typically , small enough to hold and operate in the hand and having an operating system capable of running mobile apps . These may provide a diverse range of functions . Typically , the device will have a display screen with a small numeric or alphanumeric keyboard or a touchscreen providing a virtual keyboard and buttons ( icons ) on - screen . Many such devices can connect to the Internet and interconnect with other devices such as car entertainment systems or headsets via Wi - Fi , Bluetooth or near field communication ( NFC ). Integrated cameras , ___MASK39___ media players , mobile phone and GPS capabilities are common . Power is typically provided by a ___MASK16___ battery . A " de facto " standard is a custom , convention , product , or system that has achieved a dominant position by public acceptance or market forces ( such as early entrance to the market ). " De facto " is a ___MASK35___ phrase that means " in fact " ( literally by or from fact ) in the sense of " in practice but not necessarily ordained by law " or " in practice or actuality , but not officially established ", as opposed to " de jure ". The ___MASK11___ Store is a software - based online ___MASK39___ media store operated by Apple Inc . It opened on April 28 , 2003 , and has been the largest music vendor in the United States since April 2008 , and the largest music vendor in the world since February 2010 . It offers over 43 million songs , 700 , 000 apps , 190 , 000 TV episodes and 45 , 000 films as of September 12 , 2012 . The ___MASK11___ Store ' s revenues in the first quarter of 2011 totalled nearly US $ 1 . 4 billion ; by May 28 , 2014 , the store had sold 35 billion songs worldwide . The iPod Touch ( stylized and marketed as iPod touch ) is an iOS - based all - purpose handheld PC designed and marketed by Apple Inc . with a user interface that is touchscreen - based . It can be used as a music and video player , ___MASK39___ camera , handheld game device , and personal ___MASK39___ assistant ( PDA ). It connects to the Internet only through Wi - Fi base stations , does not use cellular network data , and is therefore not a smartphone , though it has a similar design to the iPhone and is often referred to as the " iPhone without a phone ". Furthermore , it does not fit in Apple ' s iPhone accessories such as their leather cases . As of May 2013 , 100 million iPod Touch units had been sold . It is also the most popular iPod model . Apartheid was a system of institutionalised racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa between 1948 and 1991 , when it was abolished . The country ' s first multiracial elections under a ___MASK68___ franchise were held three years later in 1994 . Broadly speaking , apartheid was delineated into " petty apartheid ", which entailed the segregation of public facilities and social events , and " grand apartheid ", which dictated housing and employment opportunities by race . Prior to the 1940s , some vestiges of apartheid had already emerged in the form of minority rule by white South Africans and the socially enforced separation of black South Africans from other races , which later extended to pass laws and land apportionment . Apartheid as a policy was embraced by the South African government shortly after the ascension of the National Party ( NP ) during the country ' s 1948 general elections . Apartheid was also enforced in South West Africa until it gained independence as Namibia in 1990 . ___MASK94___ Music Publishing Ltd . is a multinational music publishing company headquartered in London , ___MASK31___ . It is owned by a consortium led by ___MASK80___ / ATV Music Publishing and forms part of the largest music publishing corporation in the world . MPEG - 2 ( a . k . a . H . 222 / H . 262 as defined by the ITU ) is a standard for " the generic coding of moving pictures and ISO / IEC 13818 MPEG - 2 at the ISO Store . It describes a combination of lossy video compression and lossy audio data compression methods , which permit storage and transmission of movies using currently available storage media and transmission bandwidth . While MPEG - 2 is not as efficient as newer standards such as H . 264 / AVC and H . 265 / HEVC , backwards compatibility with existing hardware and software means it is still widely used , for example in over - the - air ___MASK39___ television broadcasting and in the DVD - Video standard . A book is a set of written , printed , illustrated , or blank sheets , made of paper , parchment , or other materials , fastened together to hinge at one side , with text and / or images printed in ink . A single sheet within a book is a ___MASK90___ , and each side of a ___MASK90___ is a page . A set of text - filled or illustrated pages produced in electronic format is known as an electronic book , or e - book . Apple is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino , California , a suburb of San Jose , that designs , develops , and sells consumer electronics , computer software , and online services . Its hardware products include the iPhone smartphone , the iPad tablet computer , the Mac personal computer , the iPod portable media player , the Apple Watch smartwatch , and the Apple TV ___MASK39___ media player . Apple ' s consumer software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems , the iTunes media player , the Safari web browser , and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites . Its online services include the iTunes Store , the iOS App Store and Mac App Store , Apple Music , and iCloud . White South Africans are people from South Africa who are of European descent and who do not regard themselves , or are not regarded as , being part of another racial group ( for example , as Coloured ). In linguistic , cultural and historical terms , they are generally divided into the Afrikaans - speaking descendants of the Dutch East ___MASK88___ Company ' s original settlers , known as Afrikaners , and the Anglophone descendants of predominantly British colonists . In 2011 , 61 % were native Afrikaans speakers , 36 % were native ___MASK54___ speakers , and 3 % spoke another language as their mother tongue , such as Portuguese or German . White South Africans are by far the largest European - descended population group in Africa . Robert Earl Wise ( September 10 , 1914  September 14 , 2005 ) was an American film director , producer and editor . He won Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture for both " ___MASK67___ Story " ( 1961 ) and " The Sound of Music " ( 1965 ). He was also nominated for Best Film Editing for " Citizen Kane " ( 1941 ) and directed and produced " The Sand Pebbles " ( 1966 ), which was nominated for Best Picture . The iPod is a line of portable media players and multi - purpose pocket computers designed and marketed by Apple Inc . The first version was released on October 23 , 2001 , about 8 months after ___MASK11___ ( Macintosh version ) was released . The most recent iPod redesigns were announced on July 15 , 2015 . There are three current versions of the iPod : the ultra - compact iPod Shuffle , the compact iPod Nano and the touchscreen iPod Touch . ___MASK61___ was a British record label founded by the music company of the same name in 1972 as its flagship label , and launched in January 1973 as the successor to its Columbia and Parlophone record labels . The label was later launched worldwide . The Amazon Kindle is a series of e - readers designed and marketed by Amazon . com . Amazon Kindle devices enable users to browse , buy , download and read e - books , newspapers , magazines and other ___MASK39___ media via wireless networking to the Kindle Store . The hardware platform , developed by Amazon subsidiary Lab126 , began as a single device and now comprises a range of devices , including e - readers with E Ink electronic paper displays , Android - based tablets with color LCD screens and Kindle applications on all major computing platforms . All Kindle devices integrate with Kindle Store content and as of January 2017 , the store has over five million e - books available in the US . Amazon . com ( or ), often simply Amazon , is an American electronic commerce and cloud computing company , founded on July 5 , 1994 , by Jeff Bezos and based in Seattle , Washington . It is the largest Internet - based retailer in the world by total sales and market capitalization . Amazon . com started as an online bookstore , later diversifying to sell DVDs , Blu - rays , CDs , video downloads / streaming , MP3 downloads / streaming , audiobook downloads / streaming , software , video games , electronics , apparel , furniture , food , toys , and jewelry . The company also produces consumer electronics  notably , Amazon Kindle e - readers , Fire tablets , and Fire TV  and is the world ' s largest provider of cloud infrastructure services ( IaaS ). Amazon also sells certain low - end products like USB cables under its in - house brand AmazonBasics . ___MASK11___ ( or ) is a media player , media library , online radio broadcaster , and mobile device management application developed by Apple Inc . It is used to play , download , and organize ___MASK39___ downloads of music and video ( as well as other types of media available on the ___MASK11___ Store ) on personal computers running the macOS and Microsoft Windows operating systems . The ___MASK11___ Store is also available on the iPhone , iPad , and iPod Touch . London is the capital and most populous city of England and the ___MASK31___ , as well as the most populous city proper in the ___MASK76___ . Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain , London has been a major settlement for two millennia . It was founded by the Romans , who named it " Londinium ". London ' s ancient core , the City of London , largely retains its medieval boundaries . Since at least the 19th century , " London " has also referred to the metropolis around this core , historically split between Middlesex , Essex , Surrey , Kent , and Hertfordshire , which today largely makes up Greater London , governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly . Harry Belafonte ( born March 1 , 1927 ) is an American singer , songwriter , actor , and social activist . One of the most successful African - American ___MASK89___ stars in history , he was dubbed the " King of Calypso " for popularizing the Caribbean musical style with an international audience in the 1950s . His breakthrough ___MASK87___ " Calypso " ( 1956 ) is the first million selling LP by a single artist . Belafonte is perhaps best known for singing " The Banana Boat Song ", with its signature lyric " Day - O ". He has recorded in many genres , including blues , folk , gospel , show tunes , and American standards . He has also starred in several films , most notably in Otto Preminger ' s hit musical " Carmen Jones " ( 1954 ), " Island in the Sun " ( 1957 ) and Robert Wise ' s " Odds Against Tomorrow " ( 1959 ). Blu - ray or Blu - ray Disc ( BD ) is a ___MASK39___ optical disc data storage format . It was designed to supersede the DVD format , in that it is capable of storing high - definition ( 720p and 1080p ) and ultra high - definition video resolution ( 2160p ). The plastic disc is 120 mm in diameter and 1 . 2 mm thick , the same size as DVDs and CDs . Conventional ( pre - BD - XL ) Blu - ray Disc discs contain 25 GB per layer , with dual layer discs ( 50 GB ) being the industry standard for feature - length video discs . Triple - layer discs ( 100 GB ) and quadruple layers ( 128 GB ) are available for " BD - XL " re - writer drives . The name " Blu - ray " refers to the blue laser ( specifically , a violet laser ) used to read the disc , which allows information to be stored at a greater density than is possible with the longer - wavelength red laser used for DVDs . The main application of Blu - ray is as a medium for video material such as feature films and physical distribution of video games for the PlayStation 3 , PlayStation 4 , and Xbox One . Besides the hardware specifications , Blu - ray is associated with a set of multimedia formats . ___MASK71___ , LLC ( also referred to simply as Capitol and Hollywood and Vine ) is an American record label part of the ___MASK36___ and a wholly owned division of ___MASK68___ Music Group ( UMG ). The label was founded as the first West Coast - based record label in the United States in 1942 by three industry insiders named Johnny Mercer , Buddy DeSylva and Glenn Wallichs . In 1955 , the label was acquired by the British music conglomerate EMI as its North American subsidiary . EMI was later acquired by ___MASK68___ Music Group in 2012 and was merged with the company in 2013 , making ___MASK71___ and the ___MASK36___ both a part of the ___MASK68___ Music Group . ___MASK71___ ' circular headquarter building located in Los Angeles is a recognized landmark of California . ___MASK39___ audio is technology that can be used to record , store , generate , manipulate , and reproduce sound using audio signals that have been encoded in ___MASK39___ form . Following significant advances in ___MASK39___ audio technology during the 1970s , it gradually replaced analog audio technology in many areas of sound production , sound recording ( tape systems were replaced with ___MASK39___ recording systems ), sound engineering and telecommunications in the 1990s and 2000s . MPEG - 1 and / or MPEG - 2 Audio Layer III , more commonly referred to as MP3 , is an audio coding format for ___MASK39___ audio which uses a form of lossy data compression . It is a common audio format for consumer audio streaming or storage , as well as a de facto standard of ___MASK39___ audio compression for the transfer and playback of music on most ___MASK39___ audio players and computing devices . Otto Ludwig Preminger (; 5 December 1905  23 April 1986 ) was an Austrian American theatre and film director . He is known for directing over 35 feature films in a five - decade career after leaving the theatre . He first gained attention for film noir mysteries such as " Laura " ( 1944 ) and " Fallen ___MASK33___ " ( 1945 ), while in the 1950s and ' 60s , he directed a number of high - profile adaptations of popular novels and stage works . Several of these later films pushed the boundaries of censorship by dealing with topics which were then taboo in Hollywood , such as drug addiction (" The Man with the Golden Arm ", 1955 ), rape (" Anatomy of a Murder ", 1959 ) and homosexuality (" Advise & Consent ", 1962 ). He was twice nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director . He also had a few acting roles . DVD ( an abbreviation of " ___MASK39___ versatile disc " or " ___MASK39___ video disc ") is a ___MASK39___ optical disc storage format invented and developed by Philips , ___MASK80___ , Toshiba , and Panasonic in 1995 . The medium can store any kind of ___MASK39___ data and is widely used for software and other computer files as well as video programs watched using DVD players . DVDs offer higher storage capacity than compact discs while having the same dimensions . An e - reader , also called an e - book reader or e - book device , is a mobile electronic device that is designed primarily for the purpose of reading ___MASK39___ e - books and periodicals . Paradise in Gazankulu is an ___MASK87___ by Harry Belafonte , released by EMI in 1988 . As of 2015 it is Harry Belafonte ' s final studio ___MASK87___ . The ___MASK87___ deals with the plight of black South Africans under the Apartheid system . The ___MASK87___ was re - released as an official mp3 download by amazon . com , and iTunes in the U . K . in 2010 . Consumer electronics or home electronics are electronic or ___MASK39___ equipment intended for everyday use , typically in private homes . Consumer electronics include devices used for entertainment ( flatscreen TVs , DVD players , DVD movies , iPods , video games , remote control cars , etc .), communications ( telephones , cell phones , e - mail - capable laptops , etc .), and home - office activities ( e . g ., desktop computers , printers , paper shredders , etc .). In British ___MASK54___ , they are often called brown goods by producers and sellers , to distinguish them from " white goods " such as washing machines and refrigerators . In the 2010s , this distinction is not always present in large big box consumer electronics stores , such as Best Buy , which sell both entertainment , communications , and home office devices and kitchen appliances such as refrigerators . Consumer electronics stores differ from professional audio stores in that the former sells consumer - grade electronics for private use , whereas the latter sells professional - grade electronics designed for use by audio engineers and audio technicians . ___MASK9___ is a major record label first founded by ___MASK54___ entrepreneur Richard Branson , Simon Draper , Nik Powell and musician Tom Newman in 1972 . The company grew to be a worldwide phenomenon over time with the success of its platinum performers such as Janet Jackson , Roy Orbison , Devo , Genesis , Keith Richards , the Human League , Culture Club , Simple Minds , Lenny Kravitz , dc Talk , the Smashing Pumpkins , Mike Oldfield , Spice Girls and more on their list of artists . It was later sold to Thorn EMI in 1992 .