instance_of aurnupen peak
Till or glacial till is unsorted glacial sediment . Till is derived from the erosion and entrainment of ___MASK62___ by the moving ice of a glacier . It is deposited some distance down - ice to form terminal , lateral , medial and ground moraines . Norway (; Norwegian : ( Bokmål ) or ( Nynorsk ); Sami : " Norgga "), officially the Kingdom of Norway , is a sovereign and unitary ___MASK1___ whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the island Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard . The Antarctic Peter I Island and the sub - Antarctic Bouvet Island are dependent territories and thus not considered part of the Kingdom . Norway also lays claim to a section of Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land . Until 1814 , the Kingdom included the Faroe Islands ( since 1035 ), Greenland ( 1261 ), and Iceland ( 1262 ). It also included Shetland and Orkney until 1468 . It also included the following provinces , now in Sweden : Jämtland , Härjedalen and Bohuslän . ___MASK26___ is a mixture of minerals , ___MASK61___ , gases , liquids , and countless organisms that together support life on Earth . ___MASK26___ is a natural body called the pedosphere which has four important functions : it is a medium for plant growth ; it is a means of ___MASK50___ storage , supply and purification ; it is a modifier of Earth ' s atmosphere ; it is a habitat for organisms ; all of which , in turn , modify the soil . The South ___MASK69___ , also known as the Geographic South ___MASK69___ or Terrestrial South ___MASK69___ , is one of the two points where the Earth ' s axis of rotation intersects its surface . It is the southernmost point on the surface of the Earth and lies on the opposite side of the Earth from the North ___MASK69___ . Borg ___MASK10___ is a spectacular ___MASK48___ massif , about long and with summits above , situated along the northwest side of the Penck Trough in Queen Maud Land , East Antarctica . The tallest peak , at , is Hogsaetet ___MASK48___ . The parallel , ice - filled Raudberg Valley and Frostlendet Valley trend northeastward through the massif , dividing its summits into three rough groups : Gravel is composed of unconsolidated ___MASK83___ fragments that have a general particle size range and include size classes from granule - to boulder - sized fragments . Gravel is categorized by the Udden - Wentworth scale into granular gravel and pebble gravel . One cubic metre of gravel typically weighs about ___MASK8___ , 800 kg ( or a cubic yard weighs about 3 , 000 pounds ). Jutulstraumen ___MASK81___ is a large ___MASK81___ in Queen Maud Land , Antarctica , about long , draining northward to the Fimbul ___MASK49___ between the Kirwan Escarpment , Borg Massif and Ahlmann Ridge on the west and the Sverdrup Mountains on the east . It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian  British  Swedish Antarctic ___MASK55___ ( 1949  52 ) and air photos by the Norwegian ___MASK55___ ( 1958  59 ) and named Jutulstraumen ( the giant ' s stream ). More specifically jutulen are troll - like figures from Norwegian folk tales . The ice stream reaches speeds of around 4 metres per ___MASK58___ near the coast where it is heavily crevassed . The Fimbul ___MASK49___ is an ___MASK49___ about long and wide , nourished by Jutulstraumen Glacier , bordering the coast of Queen Maud Land from 3 ° W to 3 ° E . It was photographed from the air by the Third German Antarctic ___MASK55___ ( 1938  39 ), mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian  British  Swedish Antarctic ___MASK55___ ( 1949  1952 ) and from air photos by the Norwegian ___MASK55___ ( 1958  59 ) and named Fimbulisen ( the giant ice ). In ___MASK33___ , a ___MASK54___ is a ___MASK83___ fragment with size greater than in diameter . Smaller pieces are called cobbles and pebbles . While a ___MASK54___ may be small enough to move or roll manually , others are extremely massive . In common usage , a ___MASK54___ is too large for a person to move . Smaller boulders are usually just called rocks or stones . The word " ___MASK54___ " is short for " ___MASK54___ stone ", from Middle English " bulderston " or Swedish " bullersten ". The British Antarctic ___MASK70___ ( BAT ) is a ___MASK79___ of Antarctica claimed by the United Kingdom as one of its 14 British Overseas Territories , and is the largest . It comprises the region south of 60 ° S latitude and between longitudes and , forming a wedge shape that extends to the South ___MASK69___ , overlapping the Antarctic claims of Argentina ( Argentine Antarctica ) and Chile ( Chilean Antarctic ___MASK70___ ). Topography is the ___MASK2___ of the ___MASK56___ and features of the ___MASK59___ of the Earth and other observable astronomical objects including planets , moons , and asteroids . The topography of an area could refer to the ___MASK59___ shapes and features themselves , or a description ( especially their depiction in maps ). East Antarctica , also called Greater Antarctica , constitutes the majority ( ___MASK68___ - thirds ) of the Antarctic ___MASK9___ , lying on the Indian Ocean side of the ___MASK9___ , separated from West Antarctica by the Transantarctic Mountains . It lies almost entirely within the Eastern Hemisphere and its name has been accepted for more than a century . It is generally higher than West Antarctica and includes the lofty Gamburtsev ___MASK48___ Range in the centre . John Schjelderup Giæver ( 31 ___MASK47___ 1901  9 November 1970 ) was a Norwegian author and polar researcher . Maud of Wales , ( Maud Charlotte Mary Victoria ; 26 ___MASK44___ 1869  20 ___MASK44___ 1938 ) was Queen of Norway as spouse of ___MASK46___ Haakon VII . She was the youngest daughter of the British ___MASK46___ Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark . Maud of Wales was the first queen of Norway since 1380 who was not also queen of Denmark or Sweden . Schytt ___MASK81___ is a broad ___MASK81___ about 60 miles ( 100 km ) long , flowing northward between Giaever and Ahlmann ___MASK11___ in Queen Maud Land to the Jelbart ___MASK49___ . Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian - British - Swedish Antarctic ___MASK55___ ( NBSAE ) ( 1949  1952 ) and named for Stig V . Schytt , second in ___MASK12___ and glaciologist of NBSAE . Ahlmann ___MASK11___ , also known as Ahlmannryggen , is a broad , mainly ice - covered ___MASK11___ , about long , surmounted by scattered , low peaks . It rises between Schytt Glacier and Jutulstraumen Glacier and extends from Borg ___MASK10___ northward to Fimbul ___MASK49___ in Queen Maud Land . The area was first photographed from aircraft of the Third German Antarctic ___MASK55___ ( 1938  39 ) and peaks in this vicinity were roughly plotted . The Stein Nunataks and Witte Peaks , named by the German Antarctic ___MASK55___ , appear to coincide with the northeast part of the Ahlmann ___MASK11___ . The feature was mapped in detail from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian - British - Swedish Antarctic ___MASK55___ ( NBSAE ) ( 1949  1952 ) and air photos by the Norwegian ___MASK55___ ( 1958  59 ). Named for Hans Wilhelmsson Ahlmann , chairman of the Swedish committee for the NBSAE . Antarctica ( US English , UK English or ) is Earth ' s southernmost ___MASK9___ . It contains the geographic South Pole and is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere , almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle , and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean . At , it is the fifth - largest ___MASK9___ . For comparison , Antarctica is nearly twice the size of Australia . About 98 % of Antarctica is covered by ice that averages in thickness , which extends to all but the northernmost reaches of the Antarctic Peninsula . A ___MASK74___ is any glacially formed accumulation of unconsolidated glacial debris ( ___MASK26___ and ___MASK83___ ) that occurs in both currently and formerly glaciated regions on Earth ( i . e . a past glacial maximum ), through geomorphological processes . Moraines are formed from debris previously carried along by a glacier and normally consist of somewhat rounded particles ranging in size from large boulders to minute glacial flour . Lateral moraines are formed at the side of the ice flow and terminal moraines at the foot , marking the maximum advance of the glacier . Other types of ___MASK74___ include ground moraines , till - covered areas with irregular topography , and medial moraines which are formed where two glaciers meet . Aurnupen Peak ( 71 ° 59  S 3 ° 22  W ) is a peak with a gravel ___MASK74___ on the northwest side , situated ___MASK8___ mile ( ___MASK8___ . 6 km ) north of Flarjuven Bluff on the Ahlmann Ridge in Queen Maud Land . It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and from air photos by the Norwegian - British - Swedish Antarctic ___MASK55___ ( 1949 -- 1952 ) , led by John Schjelderup Giæver and named Aurnupen ( the gravel peak ) . ___MASK95___ Maud Land is a c . 2 . 7 million - ___MASK84___ - kilometre ( ___MASK8___ million sq mi ) region of Antarctica claimed as a dependent territory by Norway . The territory lies between 20 ° west and 45 ° east , between the British Antarctic Territory to the west and the Australian Antarctic Territory to the east . On most maps there had been an unclaimed area between ___MASK95___ Maud Land ' s borders of 1939 and the South ___MASK69___ until June 12 , 2015 when Norway formally annexed that area . Positioned in East Antarctica , the territory comprises about one - fifth of the total area of Antarctica . The claim is named after the Norwegian queen Maud of Wales ( 1869  1938 ). A pebble is a clast of ___MASK83___ with a particle size of 2 to 64 millimetres based on the Krumbein phi scale of sedimentology . Pebbles are generally considered larger than granules ( 2 to 4 millimetres diameter ) and smaller than cobbles ( 64 to 256 millimetres diameter ). A ___MASK83___ made predominantly of pebbles is termed a conglomerate . Pebble tools are among the earliest known man - made artifacts , dating from the Palaeolithic period of human ___MASK76___ . A ___MASK22___ , also called end moraine , is a type of moraine that forms at the snout ( edge ) of a glacier , marking its maximum advance . At this ___MASK91___ , debris that has accumulated by plucking and abrasion , and has been pushed by the ___MASK35___ edge of the ice , is driven no further and instead is dumped in a heap . Because the glacier acts very much like a conveyor belt , the longer it stays in one place , the greater the amount of material that will be deposited . The moraine is left as the marking ___MASK91___ of the terminal extent of the ice . The Australian Antarctic ___MASK70___ ( AAT ) is a ___MASK86___ of Antarctica . It was claimed by the United Kingdom and placed under the authority of the Commonwealth of Australia in 1933 . It is the largest territory of Antarctica claimed by any nation . In 1961 , the Antarctic Treaty came into force . Article 4 deals with territorial claims , and although it does not renounce or diminish any preexisting claims to sovereignty , it also does not prejudice the position of Contracting Parties in their recognition or non - recognition of territorial sovereignty . As a result , only four other states recognise Australia ' s claim to sovereignty in Antarctica .