headquarters_location scientology
Scientology Missions International ( SMI ) is a Californian 501 ( c )( 3 ) non - profit corporation , which is located in ___MASK17___ , California . SMI is part of the Church of Scientology network . Dianetics ( from Greek " dia ", meaning " through ", and " nous ", meaning " mind ") is a set of ideas and practices regarding the metaphysical relationship between the mind and body created by L . Ron ___MASK14___ ; Dianetics is practiced by followers of Scientology and independent Dianeticist groups . Dianetics has achieved no acceptance as a scientific theory and is widely considered to be a pseudoscience . The Church of Scientology is a multinational network and hierarchy of numerous ostensibly independent but interconnected corporate entities and other organizations devoted to the practice , administration and dissemination of Scientology , a new religious movement . The Church of Scientology International ( CSI ) is officially the Church of Scientology ' s parent organization , and is responsible for guiding local Scientology churches . At a local level , every church is a separate corporate entity set up as a licensed franchise and has its own board of directors and executives . The first Scientology church was incorporated in December 1953 in ___MASK33___ , New ___MASK6___ by L . Ron Hubbard . Its international headquarters are located at the ___MASK69___ , in an unincorporated area of Riverside County , California . The location at Gilman Hotsprings is kept secret from most Scientologists . Scientology Missions International is under CSI and overseers Scientology missions , which are local Scientology organizations smaller than churches . The Church of Spiritual Technology ( CST ) is the organization which owns all the copyrights of the estate of L . Ron Hubbard . Psychology is the study of behavior and mind , embracing all aspects of conscious and unconscious experience as well as thought . It is an academic discipline and a social science which seeks to understand individuals and groups by establishing general principles and researching specific cases . In this field , a professional or researcher is called a psychologist and can be classified as a social , behavioral , or cognitive scientist . Psychologists attempt to understand the role of mental functions in individual and social behavior , while also exploring the physiological and biological processes that underlie cognitive functions and behaviors . Psychologists explore behavior and mental processes , including perception , cognition , attention , emotion ( affect ), intelligence , phenomenology , motivation ( conation ), brain functioning , and personality . This extends to interaction between people , such as interpersonal relationships , including psychological resilience , family resilience , and other areas . Psychologists of diverse orientations also consider the unconscious mind . Psychologists employ empirical methods to infer causal and correlational relationships between psychosocial variables . In addition , or in opposition , to employing empirical and deductive methods , some  especially clinical and counseling psychologists  at times rely upon symbolic interpretation and other inductive techniques . Psychology has been described as a " hub science ", with psychological findings linking to research and perspectives from the social sciences , natural sciences , medicine , humanities , and philosophy . While psychological knowledge is often applied to the assessment and treatment of mental health problems , it is also directed towards understanding and solving problems in several spheres of human activity . By many accounts psychology ultimately aims to benefit society . The majority of psychologists are involved in some kind of therapeutic role , practicing in clinical , counseling , or school settings . Many do scientific research on a wide range of topics related to mental processes and behavior , and typically work in university psychology departments or teach in other academic settings ( e . g ., medical schools , hospitals ). Some are employed in industrial and organizational settings , or in other areas such as human development and aging , sports , health , and the ___MASK4___ , as well as in forensic investigation and other aspects of law . The Church of Spiritual Technology , also known as CST , is a ___MASK2___ 501 ( c )( 3 ) non - profit corporation , incorporated in 1982 , which owns all the copyrights of the estate of L . Ron Hubbard and licenses their use . CST does business as L . Ron Hubbard Library . ___MASK33___ is a city in ___MASK33___ County , New ___MASK6___ . ___MASK33___ is located directly across the Delaware River from Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . At the 2010 United States Census , the city had a population of 77 , 344 . ___MASK33___ is the 12th most populous municipality in New ___MASK6___ . The city was incorporated on February 13 , 1828 . On March 13 , 1844 , ___MASK33___ became a county seat in New ___MASK6___ . The city derives its name from Charles Pratt , 1st Earl ___MASK33___ . ___MASK33___ is made up of over twenty different neighborhoods . Science fiction ( often shortened to SF , sci - fi or scifi ) is a genre of speculative fiction , typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology , space travel , time travel , faster than light travel , parallel universes , and extraterrestrial life . Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations , and has been called a " literature of ideas ." It usually avoids the supernatural , and unlike the related genre of fantasy , historically science fiction stories were intended to have a grounding in science - based fact or theory at the time the story was created , but this connection is now limited to ___MASK23___ science fiction . The E - meter is a device for displaying and / or recording the electrodermal activity ( EDA ) of a human being . The device is used frequently for auditing in Scientology and divergent groups , but devices similar to the Scientology E - meter have been used for more than a century by counselors of psychology and psychoanalysis . Such devices have been used as a research tool in many human studies , and as one component of the Keeler polygraph ( lie detector ) system . The efficacy and legitimacy of Scientology ' s use of the E - meter has been subject to extensive debate and litigation and in accordance with a federal court order , the Church of Scientology now publishes disclaimers in its books and publications declaring that the E - meter " by itself does nothing " and that it is used specifically for spiritual purposes . Drug rehabilitation ( often drug rehab or just rehab ) is a term for the processes of medical or psychotherapeutic treatment , for dependency on psychoactive substances such as alcohol , prescription drugs , and ___MASK78___ drugs such as cocaine , heroin or amphetamines . The general intent is to enable the patient to confront substance dependence , if present , and cease substance abuse in order to avoid the psychological , legal , financial , social , and physical consequences that can be caused , especially by extreme abuse . Treatment includes medication for depression or other disorders , counseling by experts and sharing of experience with other addicts . Some rehab centers include meditation and spiritual wisdom in the treatment process . A few centers also treat gambling with the same techniques as are used in drug rehabilitation . Scientology is a body of beliefs and practices created in 1954 by American science fiction author L . Ron ___MASK14___ ( 1911 -- 86 ) . After he developed Dianetics , the Dianetics Foundation entered bankruptcy and ___MASK14___ lost the rights to his seminal publication Dianetics : The Modern Science of Mental Health in 1952 . He then recharacterized the subject as a religion and renamed it Scientology , retaining the terminology , doctrines , the E - meter , and the practice of auditing . Within a year , he regained the rights to Dianetics and retained both subjects under the umbrella of the Church of Scientology . ___MASK14___ ' s groups have encountered considerable opposition and controversy . In January 1951 , the New ___MASK6___ Board of Medical Examiners brought proceedings against ___MASK14___ ' s Dianetics Foundation for the charge of teaching medicine without a license . ___MASK14___ and his followers engaged in a program of covert and illegal infiltration of the U . S . government . ___MASK14___ - inspired organizations and their classification are often a point of contention . Germany classifies Scientology groups as an `` anti - constitutional sect '' ( verfassungsfeindliche Sekte ) . In France , Scientology groups have been classified as a cult by some public authorities . A board of directors is a body of elected or appointed members who jointly oversee the activities of a company or organization , which can include a non - profit organization or a government agency or corporation . A board of directors ' activities are determined by the powers , duties , and responsibilities delegated to it or conferred on it by an authority outside itself . These matters are typically detailed in the organization ' s constitution and bylaws . These documents commonly also specify the number of members of the board , how they are to be chosen , and how often they are to meet . However , the constitution and bylaws rarely ___MASK80___ a board ' s powers when faced with a corporate turnaround , restructuring , or emergencies , where board members need to act as agents of change in addition to their traditional fiduciary responsibilities . ___MASK8___ Ronald Hubbard ( March 13 , 1911  January 24 , 1986 ), better known as L . Ron Hubbard and often referred to by his initials , LRH , was an American author and the founder of the Church of Scientology . In 2014 , Hubbard was cited by the Smithsonian magazine as one of the 100 most significant Americans of all time , as one of the eleven religious figures on that list . After establishing a career as a writer , becoming best known for his science fiction and fantasy stories , he developed a system called Dianetics which was first expounded in book form in May 1950 . He subsequently developed his ideas into a wide - ranging set of doctrines and practices as part of a new religious movement that he called Scientology . His writings became the guiding texts for the Church of Scientology and a number of affiliated organizations that address such diverse topics as business administration , literacy and drug rehabilitation . The Church ' s dissemination of these materials led to Hubbard being listed by the " Guinness Book of World Records " as the most translated and published author in the world . The Guinness World Record for the most audio books published for one author is also held by Hubbard . ___MASK2___ is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area . Located on the western ( ___MASK11___ Ocean ) coast of the U . S ., ___MASK2___ is bordered by the other U . S . states of Oregon , Nevada , and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja ___MASK2___ . The state capital is ___MASK38___ . Los Angeles is ___MASK2___ ' s most populous city , and the country ' s second largest after New York City . The state also has the nation ' s most populous county , Los Angeles County , and its largest county by area , San Bernardino County . ___MASK69___ ( also variously known as Gold , Golden Era Productions , Int Base , or Int ) is the confidential " de facto " international headquarters of the Church of Scientology . It is located in Riverside County , California to the north of San Jacinto and about from Los Angeles . The heavily guarded compound comprises about 50 buildings surrounded by high fences topped with blades and watched around the clock by patrols , cameras and motion detectors . The property is bisected by a public road , which is closely monitored by the Church with cameras recording passing traffic .