headquarters_location bell aircraft
In politics and military planning , a war effort refers to a coordinated mobilization of society ' s resources  both industrial and human  towards the support of a military force . Depending on the militarization of the culture , the relative size of the armed forces and the society supporting them , the style of government , and the popular support for the military objectives , such war effort can range from a small ___MASK54___ to complete command of society . Textron is an American ___MASK74___ aerospace , defense , security and advanced technologies industrial conglomerate . Textron includes Bell Helicopter , Cessna Aircraft , Beechcraft , and other components . It was founded by Royal Little in 1923 as the Special Yarns Company , and is now headquartered in ___MASK87___ , Rhode Island . Textron employs over 35 , 000 people worldwide . Scott C . Donnelly is the current President and Chief Executive Officer . ___MASK73___ ( French : ) is a country in the northern half of North America . Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean , covering , making it the world ' s second - largest country by total area and the fourth - largest country by land area . ___MASK73___ ' s border with the United States is the world ' s longest land border . The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate , but southerly areas are warm in summer . ___MASK73___ is sparsely populated , the majority of its land territory being dominated by ___MASK49___ and tundra and the Rocky Mountains . About four - fifths of the country ' s population of 36 million people is urbanized and live near the southern border . Its capital is Ottawa , its largest city is ___MASK21___ ; other major urban areas include Montreal , Vancouver , Calgary , Edmonton , ___MASK84___ City , Winnipeg and Hamilton . ___MASK85___ is an off - island suburb of Montreal , located Southern ___MASK84___ . Scott C . Donnelly ( ___MASK19___ 1961 ) is the CEO of Textron . Before joining Textron , Donnelly was the CEO for General Electric Aviation , a producer of jet engines for commercial and military aircraft . Donnelly also served as the Senior Vice President of General Electric Global Research , one of the world ' s largest industrial research organizations and held various management positions since joining General Electric in 1989 . ___MASK95___ is the 14th - most populous city in the state of Texas , in the United States . It is also the largest city in the Texas Panhandle , and the seat of Potter County . A portion of the city extends into Randall County . The population was 190 , 695 at the 2010 census ( 105 , 486 in Potter County , and 85 , 209 in Randall ). The ___MASK95___ metropolitan area has an estimated population of 236 , 113 in four counties . Royal Little ( March 1 , 1896 in ___MASK15___ , Massachusetts  January 10 , 1989 in Nassau , Bahamas ), was the founder and chair of Textron , and is considered to be the Father of Conglomerates . A military ___MASK46___ is an international agreement concerning national security , when the contracting parties promise to support each other in case of a crisis that has not been identified in advance . Military alliances differ from coalitions , as coalitions are formed for a crisis that are already known . World War II ( often abbreviated to WWII or WW2 ), also known as the Second World War , was a ___MASK74___ war that lasted from 1939 to 1945 , although related conflicts began earlier . It involved the vast majority of the world ' s nations  including all of the great powers  eventually forming two opposing military alliances : the Allies and the Axis . It was the most widespread war in history , and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries . In a state of " total war ", the major participants threw their entire economic , industrial , and scientific capabilities behind the war effort , erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources . Marked by mass deaths of civilians , including the Holocaust ( in which approximately 11 million people were killed ) and the strategic bombing of industrial and population centres ( in which approximately one million were killed , and which included the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki ), it resulted in an estimated 50 million to 85 million fatalities . These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history . During World War II , the American atomic bombings of ___MASK39___ and Nagasaki made Nagasaki the second and , to date , last city in the world to experience a nuclear attack . ___MASK3___ is the 16th - largest city in the United States and the fifth - largest city in the state of Texas . The city is in North Central Texas and covers nearly in the counties of Denton , Parker , Wise , and Tarrant , of which it is the county seat . According to the 2015 census , estimates , ___MASK3___ ' s population is 833 , 319 . The city is the in the Dallas  ___MASK3___  Arlington metropolitan area ( the " DFW Metroplex "). A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a ___MASK74___ scale . Great powers characteristically possess military and economic strength , as well as diplomatic and soft power influence , which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers ' opinions before taking actions of their own . International relations theorists have posited that great power status can be characterized into power capabilities , spatial aspects , and status dimensions . The Cessna Aircraft Company is an American general aviation aircraft manufacturing corporation headquartered in ___MASK70___ , ___MASK60___ . Best known for small , piston - powered aircraft , Cessna also produces business jets . The company is a subsidiary of the U . S . conglomerate Textron . Bell Helicopter is an American aerospace manufacturer headquartered in ___MASK3___ , Texas . A division of Textron , Bell manufactures military rotorcraft in and around ___MASK3___ , as well as in Amarillo , Texas , and commercial helicopters in Mirabel , Quebec , Canada . Bell provides training and support services worldwide . An airplane or aeroplane ( informally plane ) is a powered , fixed - wing aircraft that is propelled forward by thrust from a jet engine or propeller . Airplanes come in a variety of sizes , shapes , and wing configurations . The broad spectrum of uses for airplanes includes recreation , transportation of goods and people , military , and research . Commercial aviation is a massive ___MASK54___ involving the flying of tens of thousands of passengers daily on airliners . Most airplanes are flown by a pilot on board the aircraft , but some are designed to be remotely or computer - controlled . Thrust is a reaction force described quantitatively by ___MASK28___ ' s second and third laws . When a system expels or accelerates mass in one direction , the accelerated mass will cause a force of equal magnitude but opposite direction on that system . The force applied on a surface in a direction perpendicular or normal to the surface is called thrust . Force , and thus thrust , is measured in the International System of Units ( SI ) as the ___MASK28___ ( symbol : N ), and represents the amount needed to accelerate 1 kilogram of mass at the rate of 1 meter per second per second . A helicopter is a type of rotorcraft in which lift and thrust are supplied by rotors . This allows the helicopter to take off and land vertically , to hover , and to fly forward , backward , and laterally . These attributes allow helicopters to be used in congested or isolated areas where fixed - wing aircraft and many forms of VTOL ( vertical takeoff and landing ) aircraft cannot perform . ___MASK87___ is the capital and most populous city in the U . S . state of Rhode Island , founded in 1636 , and one of the oldest cities in the United States . It is located in ___MASK87___ County and is the third most populous city in New England , after ___MASK25___ and Worcester . ___MASK87___ has a city population of 179 , 154 ; it is also part of the ___MASK87___ metropolitan area which extends into southern Massachusetts . The ___MASK87___ metropolitan area has an estimated population of 1 , 604 , 291 , which exceeds that of Rhode Island as a whole by about 60 %. This can be considered , in turn , to be part of the Greater ___MASK25___ commuting area , which contains 7 . 6 million people . An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing , building , testing , selling , and maintaining aircraft , aircraft parts , missiles , rockets , and / or spacecraft . Aerospace is a high technology ___MASK54___ . ___MASK39___ is perhaps best known as the first city in history to be targeted by a nuclear weapon when the United States Army Air Forces ( USAAF ) dropped an atomic bomb on the city ( and later on Nagasaki ) at 8 : 15 a . m . on August 6 , 1945 , near the end of World War II . The Bell X - 1 was a rocket engine - powered aircraft , designated originally as the XS - 1 , and was a joint National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics - U . S . Army Air Forces - U . S . Air Force supersonic research project built by Bell Aircraft . Conceived during 1944 and designed and built in 1945 , it achieved a speed of nearly in 1948 . A derivative of this same design , the Bell X - 1A , having greater fuel capacity and hence longer rocket burning time , exceeded in 1954 . The X - 1 , piloted by Chuck Yeager , was the first manned airplane to exceed the speed of sound in level flight and was the first of the X - planes , a series of American experimental rocket planes ( and non - rocket planes ) designated for testing of new technologies and often kept secret . The Bell Aircraft Corporation was an aircraft manufacturer of the United States , a builder of several types of fighter aircraft for World War II but most famous for the Bell X - 1 , the first supersonic aircraft , and for the development and production of many important civilian and military helicopters . Bell also developed the Reaction Control System for the Mercury Spacecraft , the North American X - 15 and the Bell Rocket Belt . The company was purchased in 1960 by Textron , and lives on today as Bell Helicopter . Beechcraft Corporation is an American manufacturer of general aviation and military aircraft , ranging from light single - engined aircraft to twin - engined turboprop transports , and military trainers . A ___MASK97___ of Textron Aviation since 2014 , it has also been a division of Raytheon and later a ___MASK97___ of Hawker Beechcraft . The United States dropped nuclear weapons on the Japanese cities of ___MASK39___ and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9 , 1945 , respectively , during the final stage of World War II . The United States had dropped the bombs with the consent of the ___MASK45___ as outlined in the ___MASK84___ Agreement . The two bombings , which killed at least 129 , 000 people , remain the only use of nuclear weapons for warfare in history . The Holocaust ( from the Greek ': " hólos ", " whole " and " kaustós ", " burnt "), also referred to as the Shoah "' ( Hebrew : , " HaShoah ", " the catastrophe "), was a genocide in which Adolf Hitler ' s Nazi ___MASK7___ and its collaborators killed about six million Jews . The victims included 1 . 5 million children and represented about two - thirds of the nine million Jews who had resided in Europe . Some definitions of the Holocaust include the additional five million non - Jewish victims of Nazi mass murders , bringing the total to about 11 million . Killings took place throughout Nazi ___MASK7___ , German - occupied territories , and territories held by allies of Nazi ___MASK7___ . A fighter aircraft is a military aircraft designed primarily for air - to - air combat against other aircraft , as opposed to bombers and attack aircraft , whose main ___MASK13___ is to attack ground targets . The hallmarks of a fighter are its speed , maneuverability , and small size relative to other combat aircraft . A rocket engine is a type of jet engine that uses only stored rocket propellant mass for forming its high speed propulsive jet . Rocket engines are reaction engines , obtaining thrust in accordance with ___MASK28___ ' s third law . Most rocket engines are internal combustion engines , although non - combusting forms ( such as cold gas thrusters ) also exist . Vehicles propelled by rocket engines are commonly called rockets . Since they need no external material to form their jet , rocket engines can perform in a vacuum and thus can be used to propel spacecraft and ballistic missiles . Charles Elwood " Chuck " Yeager ( ___MASK19___ , 1923 ) is a former United States Air Force officer and record - setting test pilot . In 1947 , he became the first pilot confirmed to have exceeded the speed of sound in level flight .