languages_spoken_or_written william hudson 
British ___MASK88___ is the ___MASK88___ language as spoken and written in the United Kingdom or , more broadly , throughout the British Isles . Slight regional variations exist in formal , written ___MASK88___ in the United Kingdom . For example , the adjective " wee " is almost exclusively used in parts of Scotland and Northern Ireland , and occasionally Yorkshire , whereas " little " is predominant elsewhere . Nevertheless , there is a meaningful degree of uniformity in " written " ___MASK88___ within the United Kingdom , and this could be described by the term " British ___MASK88___ ". The forms of " spoken " ___MASK88___ , however , vary considerably more than in most other areas of the world where ___MASK88___ is spoken , so a uniform concept of British ___MASK88___ is more difficult to apply to the spoken language . According to Tom McArthur in the " Oxford Guide to World ___MASK88___ ", British ___MASK88___ shares " all the ambiguities and tensions in the word " British " and as a result can be used and interpreted in two ways , more broadly or more narrowly , within a range of blurring and ambiguity ." London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom , as well as the most populous city proper in the European Union . Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain , London has been a major settlement for two millennia . It was founded by the Romans , who named it " Londinium ". London ' s ancient core , the City of London , largely retains its medieval boundaries . Since at least the 19th century , " London " has also referred to the metropolis around this core , historically split between Middlesex , Essex , Surrey , Kent , and Hertfordshire , which today largely makes up Greater London , governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly . England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom . It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west . The ___MASK37___ Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest . England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the ___MASK88___ Channel to the south . The country covers five - eighths of the island of Great Britain ( which lies in the North Atlantic ) in its centre and south ; and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly , and the Isle of Wight . Barrow - in - Furness (; commonly known as Barrow ) is a town and borough in Cumbria , North West England . Historically part of Lancashire , it was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1867 and merged with adjacent districts in 1974 to form the Borough of Barrow - in - Furness . At the tip of the Furness peninsula , close to the Lake District , it is bordered by Morecambe Bay , the Duddon Estuary and the ___MASK37___ Sea . In 2011 , Barrow ' s population was 57 , 000 , the second largest urban area in Cumbria after Carlisle . Natives of Barrow , as well as the local dialect , are known as Barrovian . Pharmacists , also known as chemists ( Commonwealth ___MASK88___ ) or druggists ( North American and , archaically , Commonwealth ___MASK88___ ), are healthcare professionals who practice in pharmacy , the field of health sciences focusing on safe and effective medication use . A pharmacist is a member of the health care team directly involved with patient care . Pharmacists undergo university - level education to understand the biochemical mechanisms and actions of drugs , drug uses , therapeutic roles , side effects , potential drug interactions , and monitoring parameters . This is mated to anatomy , physiology , and pathophysiology . Pharmacists interpret and communicate this specialized knowledge to patients , physicians , and other health care providers . The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , commonly known as the United Kingdom ( UK ) or Britain , is a sovereign country in western Europe . Lying off the north - western coast of the European mainland , it includes the island of Great Britain ( the name of which is also loosely applied to the whole country ), the north - eastern part of the island of Ireland , and many smaller islands . Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland . Apart from this land border , the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the North Sea to its east , the ___MASK88___ Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south - south - west , giving it the 12th - longest coastline in the world . The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland . With an area of , the UK is the 78th - largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th - largest in Europe . It is also the 21st - most populous country , with an estimated 65 . 1 million inhabitants . Together , this makes it the fourth most densely populated country in the European Union . Materia medica is a ___MASK22___ medical term for the body of collected knowledge about the therapeutic properties of any substance used for healing ( i . e ., medicines ). The term derives from the title of a work by the Ancient Greek physician Pedanius Dioscorides in the 1st century AD , " De materia medica ", ' On Medical Material ' (    in Greek ). The term " materia medica " was used from the period of the Roman Empire until the 20th century , but has now been generally replaced in medical education contexts by the term " pharmacology ". William Hudson FRS ( 1734 in Kendal -- 23 May 1793 ) was a British botanist and apothecary based in London . His main work was Flora Anglica , published in 1762 . He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1761 . Kendal , anciently known as Kirkby in Kendal or Kirkby Kendal , is a market town and civil parish within the South Lakeland District of Cumbria , England . Historically in Westmorland , it is situated about south - east of Windermere , north of Lancaster , north - east of Barrow - in - Furness and north - west of Skipton . The town lies in the valley or " dale " of the River Kent , from which it derives its name , and has a total resident population of 28 , 586 , making it the third largest settlement in Cumbria behind Carlisle and Barrow - in - Furness . Apothecary is one term for a medical professional who formulates and dispenses " materia medica " to physicians , surgeons and patients . The modern pharmacist ( also colloquially referred to as a chemist in British ___MASK88___ ) has taken over this role and in some languages and regions the word is still used to refer to a retail pharmacy or a pharmacist who owns one . The apothecaries ' investigation of herbal and chemical ingredients was a precursor to the modern sciences of chemistry and pharmacology .