country_of_citizenship jean bosco mwenda
Nairobi is the capital and largest city of ___MASK75___ . It is famous for having the Nairobi National Park , the world ' s only game reserve found within a major city . The city and its surrounding area also form Nairobi County , whose current governor is Evans Kidero and Deputy Governor is Jonathan Mueke . Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound and silence , which exist in time . The common elements of music are pitch ( which governs melody and harmony ), rhythm ( and its associated concepts tempo , meter , and articulation ), dynamics ( loudness and softness ), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture ( which are sometimes termed the " color " of a musical sound ). Different styles or types of music may emphasize , de - emphasize or omit some of these elements . Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping ; there are solely instrumental pieces , solely vocal pieces ( such as songs without instrumental accompaniment ) and pieces that combine singing and instruments . The word derives from Greek  (" mousike "; " art of the Muses "). In its most general form , the activities describing music as an art form include the production of works of music ( songs , tunes , symphonies , and so on ), the criticism of music , the study of the history of music , and the aesthetic examination of music . Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies . Common sayings such as " the harmony of the spheres " and " it is music to my ears " point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to . However , 20th - century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music , saying , for example , " There is no noise , only sound ." Geopolitics ( from Greek  " ge " " ___MASK88___ , land " and  " politik " " politics ") is the study of the effects of geography ( human and physical ) on international politics and international relations . Geopolitics is a method of studying foreign policy to understand , explain and predict international political behavior through geographical variables . These include area studies , climate , topography , demography , natural resources , and applied science of the region being evaluated . The guitar is a musical instrument classified as a string instrument with anywhere from four to 18 strings , usually having six . The sound is projected either acoustically , using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box ( for an acoustic guitar ), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker ( for an electric guitar ). It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers , thumb and / or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting ( or pressing against the frets ) the strings with the fingers of the left hand . The guitar is a type of chordophone , traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut , nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning . The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern , the vihuela , the four - course Renaissance guitar , and the five - course baroque guitar , all of which contributed to the development of the modern six - string instrument . John Milton Cage Jr . ( September 5 , 1912  August 12 , 1992 ) was an ___MASK96___ composer , music theorist , writer , philosopher , and artist . A pioneer of indeterminacy in music , electroacoustic music , and non - standard use of musical instruments , Cage was one of the leading figures of the post - war avant - garde . Critics have lauded him as one of the most influential ___MASK96___ composers of the 20th century . He was also instrumental in the development of modern dance , mostly through his association with choreographer Merce Cunningham , who was also Cage ' s romantic partner for most of their lives . Africa is the world ' s second - largest and second - most - populous continent . At about 30 . 3 million km² ( 11 . 7 million square miles ) including adjacent islands , it covers 6 % of ___MASK88___ ' s total surface area and 20 . 4 % of its total land area . With 1 . 1 billion people as of 2013 , it accounts for about 15 % of the world ' s human population . The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north , both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast , the Indian Ocean to the southeast , and the Atlantic Ocean to the west . The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos . It contains 54 fully recognized sovereign states ( countries ), nine territories and two " de facto " independent states with limited or no recognition . East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easterly region of the African continent , variably defined by geography or geopolitics . In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions , 20 territories constitute Eastern Africa : ___MASK75___ , officially the Republic of ___MASK75___ , is a country in Africa and a founding member of the East African Community ( EAC ). Its capital and largest city is Nairobi . ___MASK75___ ' s territory lies on the equator and overlies the East African Rift covering a diverse and expansive terrain that extends roughly from Lake Victoria to Lake Turkana ( formerly called Lake Rudolf ) and further south - east to the Indian Ocean . It is bordered by ___MASK89___ to the south and southwest , ___MASK37___ to the west , ___MASK59___ to the north - west , Ethiopia to the north and Somalia to the north - east . ___MASK75___ covers , and had a population of approximately 45 million people in July 2014 . A continent is one of several very large landmasses on ___MASK88___ . Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria , up to seven regions are commonly regarded as continents . Ordered from largest in size to smallest , they are : Asia , Africa , North America , South America , Antarctica , Europe , and Australia . In geology , areas of continental crust include regions covered with water . The Renaissance was a period in European history , from the 14th to the 17th century , regarded as the cultural bridge between the Middle Ages and modern history . It started as a cultural movement in ___MASK93___ in the Late Medieval period and later spread to the rest of Europe , marking the beginning of the Early Modern Age . Nairobi National Park is a national park in ___MASK75___ . Established in 1946 , the national park was ___MASK75___ ' s first . It is located approximately 7 kilometres ( 4 mi ) south of the centre of Nairobi , ___MASK75___ ' s capital city , with an electric fence separating the park ' s wildlife from the metropolis . Nairobi ' s skyscrapers can be seen from the park . The proximity of urban and natural environments has caused conflicts between the animals and local people and threatens animals ' migration routes . Jean Bosco Mwenda , also known as Mwenda wa Bayeke ( 1930 -- 1990 ) , was a pioneer of Congolese fingerstyle acoustic guitar music . He was also popular in other African countries , particularly in East Africa , and in the late 1950s and early 1960s was briefly based in Nairobi , where he had a regular radio show and became a profound influence on a generation of Kenyan guitarists . Mwenda used the name Mwenda wa Bayeke , claiming descent from the Sanga noble clan of Bayeke . His music draws on various sources including the traditional music of his Luba / Sanga people . He was one of the few Congolese to obtain a Western education during the colonial era due to his father ' s position in the Catholic Church . He worked at first as a clerk for the Likasi administration but soon achieved huge success as a guitarist , issuing his first recordings in 1952 . Along with his friend and sometime partner Losta Abelo , and his cousin Edouard Masengo , Bosco defined the Congolese acoustic guitar style . His song `` Masanga '' was particularly influential , because of its complex and varied guitar part . His influences included traditional music of Zambia and the Eastern Congo , Cuban groups such as the Trio Matamoros , and cowboy movies . Bosco was born in 1930 at Bunkeya , a village near Likasi ( then called Jadotville ) , Haut - Katanga District in then Belgian Congo , but lived most of his life in Lubumbashi , where in addition to playing music he had a job in a bank and with the local mining company , managed other bands , and owned a hotel on the Zambian border . He died in September 1990 in a car accident in Zambia . A 1982 video field recording by Gerhard Kubik exists in a compilation of influential African guitarists artists entitled Native African Guitar . A 1982 CD with booklet ( text by Gerhard Kubik , also in English ; includes the Kisuahili song texts ) is available from Museum für Völkerkunde , Berlin . The recordings include the complete concert Bosco gave at June 30 , 1982 , at the Museum für Völkerkunde , Berlin . In 1988 Cape Town - based record label Mountain Records recorded a studio album of Mwenda ' s music and issued it in 1994 . The album is entitled Mwenda wa Bayeke - African guitar legend . The vihuela is a guitar - shaped string instrument from 15th and 16th century ___MASK99___ , Portugal and Italy , usually with five or six doubled strings . The gittern was a relatively small gut strung round - backed instrument that first appears in literature and pictorial representation during the 13th century in Western Europe ( Iberian Peninsula , ___MASK93___ , ___MASK41___ , ___MASK90___ ). It is usually depicted played with a quill plectrum , as we can see clearly beginning in manuscript illuminations from the thirteenth century . It was also called the guitarra in Spain , guiterne or guiterre in ___MASK41___ , the chitarra in ___MASK93___ and quintern in Germany . A popular instrument with court musicians , minstrels , and amateurs , the gittern is considered ancestral to the modern guitar ; possibly other instruments like the mandore and gallichon . Rapping ( or emceeing , MCing , or rhyming ) is " spoken or chanted rhyming lyrics ". The components of rapping include " content ", " flow " ( rhythm and rhyme ), and " delivery ". Rapping is distinct from spoken - word poetry in that it is performed in time to a beat ( external meter ). Rapping is often associated with and a primary ingredient of hip - hop music , but the origins of the phenomenon can be said to predate hip - hop culture by centuries . It can also be found in alternative rock such as that of Cake , Gorillaz and the Red Hot Chili Peppers . Rapping is also used in Kwaito music , a genre that originated in Johannesburg , ___MASK3___ , and is composed of hip - hop elements . Another form of rap that predates hip hop was Muhammad Ali ' s rhythmic poetry used to taunt his opponents in the 1960s and 1970s . ___MASK37___ ( or ), officially the Republic of ___MASK37___ , is a landlocked country in East Africa . It is bordered to the east by Kenya , to the north by ___MASK59___ , to the west by the ___MASK70___ , to the south - west by Rwanda , and to the south by Tanzania . ___MASK37___ is the world ' s second most populous landlocked country after Ethiopia . The southern part of the country includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria , shared with Kenya and Tanzania . ___MASK37___ is in the African Great Lakes region . ___MASK37___ also lies within the Nile basin , and has a varied but generally a modified equatorial climate . Geography ( from Greek , " geographia ", literally " ___MASK88___ description ") is a field of science devoted to the study of the lands , the features , the inhabitants , and the phenomena of ___MASK88___ . The first person to use the word "  " was Eratosthenes ( 276  194 BC ). Geography is an all - encompassing discipline that seeks an understanding of the ___MASK88___ and its human and natural complexities  not merely where objects are , but how they have changed and come to be . It is often defined in terms of the two branches of human geography and physical geography . The four historical traditions in geographical research are : spatial analyses of natural and the human phenomena , area studies of places and regions , studies of human - land relationships , and the ___MASK88___ sciences . Geography has been called " the world discipline " and " the bridge between the human and the physical sciences ".