subclass_of terza rima
Pars pro toto , ___MASK20___ for " a ___MASK76___ ( taken ) for the whole ", is a ___MASK28___ where the name of a " portion " of an object , place , or concept represents its " entirety ". It is distinct from a merism , which is a ___MASK16___ to a whole by an enumeration of parts ; metonymy , where an object , place , or concept is called by something or some place associated with the object , place , or concept ; or synecdoche , which can refer both to this and its inverse of the whole representing a ___MASK76___ . A ___MASK2___ is a traditional ___MASK92___ or ___MASK37___ for children in Britain and many other countries , but usage of the term only dates from the late 18th / early 19th century . In North America the term Mother Goose Rhymes , introduced in the mid - 18th century , is still often used . A ___MASK67___ is a person who writes ___MASK100___ . Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others . A ___MASK67___ may simply be a writer of ___MASK100___ , or may perform their art to an audience . A quatrain is a ___MASK13___ of stanza , or a complete ___MASK92___ , consisting of four lines . ___MASK100___ ( the term derives from a variant of the Greek term , " poiesis ", " making ") is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language  such as phonaesthetics , sound symbolism , and metre  to evoke meanings in addition to , or in place of , the prosaic ostensible meaning . The Spenserian stanza is a fixed verse form invented by Edmund Spenser for his ___MASK54___ ___MASK92___ " The Faerie Queene " ( 1590  96 ). Each stanza contains nine lines in total : eight lines in iambic pentameter followed by a ___MASK10___ ' alexandrine ' line in iambic hexameter . The rhyme scheme of these lines is " ababbcbcc ." Terza rima ( Italian pronunciation : ( trtsa rima ) ) is a rhyming verse stanza form that consists of an interlocking three - ___MASK51___ rhyme ___MASK33___ . It was first used by the Italian poet Dante Alighieri . ___MASK3___ ___MASK77___ is sometimes used to refer to the ___MASK82___ total of the world  s national literatures , but usually it refers to the circulation of works into the wider world beyond their country of origin . Often used in the past primarily for masterpieces of Western European ___MASK77___ , world ___MASK77___ today is increasingly seen in global context . Readers today have access to an unprecedented range of works from around the world in excellent translations , and since the mid - 1990s a lively debate has grown up concerning both the aesthetic and the political values and limitations of an emphasis on global processes over national traditions . In ___MASK100___ , a stanza ( from Italian " stanza " , " room ") is a grouped set of lines within a poem , usually set off from other stanzas by a blank line or indentation . Stanzas can have regular rhyme and metrical schemes , though stanzas are not strictly required to have either . There are many unique . Some stanzaic forms are simple , such as four - line quatrains . Other forms are more complex , such as the Spenserian stanza . Fixed verse poems , such as sestinas , can be defined by the number and form of their stanzas . The term " stanza " is similar to " strophe ", though strophe is sometimes used to refer to irregular set of lines , as opposed to regular , rhymed stanzas . A ___MASK99___ is a poetic ___MASK42___ originally referring to the first ___MASK76___ of the ode in Ancient Greek tragedy , followed by the antistrophe and epode . The ___MASK42___ has been extended to also mean a structural division of a ___MASK92___ containing stanzas of varying line length . Strophic ___MASK100___ is to be contrasted with poems composed line - by - line non - stanzaically , such as Greek epic poems or English blank verse , to which the ___MASK42___ " stichic " applies . A ___MASK37___ , most broadly , is a ___MASK10___ ( and often standalone ) work of music that is typically intended to be sung by the human ___MASK91___ with distinct and fixed pitches and patterns using sound and silence and a variety of forms that often include the repetition of sections . Written words created specifically for music or for which music is specifically created , are called lyrics . If a pre - existing poem is set to composed music in classical music it is an art ___MASK37___ . Songs that are sung on repeated pitches without distinct contours and patterns that rise and fall are called chants . Songs in a simple style that are learned informally are often referred to as folk songs . Songs that are composed for professional singers who sell their recordings or live shows to the mass market are called popular songs . These songs , which have broad appeal , are often composed by professional songwriters , composers and lyricists . Art songs are composed by trained classical composers for concert or recital performances . Songs are performed live and recorded on audio or video ( or in some , cases , a ___MASK37___ may be performed live and simultaneously recorded ). Songs may also appear in plays , musical theatre , stage shows of any form , and within operas . Durante degli Alighieri , simply called Dante (, ; ___MASK26___ . 1265  1321 ), was a major Italian poet of the Late Middle Ages . His " Divine Comedy ", originally called ' ( modern Italian : " Commedia ") and later christened ' by Boccaccio , is widely considered the greatest literary work composed in the Italian language and a masterpiece of world literature . Italian ( or " lingua italiana " ) is a Romance ___MASK24___ . It is the second - closest to Latin in terms of vocabulary after Sardinian . Italian is an official ___MASK24___ in Italy , Switzerland , San Marino , Vatican City and ___MASK97___ Istria ( in Slovenia and Croatia ). It used to have official status in Albania , Malta and Monaco , where it is still widely spoken , as well as in former Italian East Africa and Italian North Africa regions where it plays a significant role in various sectors . Italian is spoken by small minorities in places such as France ( especially in Corsica ), Montenegro , Bosnia & Herzegovina , Crimea and Tunisia and by large expatriate communities in the Americas . Many speakers are native bilinguals of both standardized Italian and other regional languages . Italian is the fourth most studied ___MASK24___ in the world . A sestina ( Old ___MASK72___ : " cledisat " ; also known as " sestine ", " sextine ", " sextain ") is a fixed verse form consisting of six stanzas of six lines each , normally followed by a three - line envoi . The words that end each line of the first stanza are used as line endings in each of the following stanzas , rotated in a set pattern . A syllable is a unit of ___MASK59___ for a ___MASK19___ of ___MASK5___ sounds . For example , the ___MASK50___ " ___MASK62___ " is composed of two syllables : " wa " and " ter ". A syllable is typically made up of a syllable nucleus ( most often a vowel ) with optional initial and final margins ( typically , consonants ). A ___MASK31___ is a repetition of similar sounds ( or the same ___MASK69___ ) in two or more words , most often in the final syllables of lines in poems and songs . The word " ___MASK31___ " is also a " pars pro toto " (" a part ( taken ) for the whole ") that means a short poem , such as a rhyming couplet or other brief rhyming poem such as nursery rhymes . A couplet is a pair of lines of ___MASK98___ in ___MASK100___ . A couplet usually consists of two lines that rhyme and have the same ___MASK98___ . A couplet may be formal ( closed ) or run - on ( open ). In a formal ( or closed ) couplet , each of the two lines is end - stopped , implying that there is a grammatical pause at the end of a line of verse . In a run - on ( or open ) couplet , the meaning of the first line continues to the second . The Divine ___MASK80___ is a ___MASK92___ by Dante Alighieri , begun and completed 1320 , a year before his death in 1321 . It is widely considered the preeminent work of Italian literature , and is seen as one of the greatest works of world literature . The ___MASK92___ ' s imaginative vision of the afterlife is representative of the medieval world - view as it had developed in the ___MASK97___ Church by the 14th century . It helped establish the Tuscan language , in which it is written , as the standardized Italian language . It is divided into three parts : " Inferno ", " Purgatorio ", and " Paradiso ". The Late Middle Ages or Late Medieval Period was the period of European ___MASK7___ generally comprising the 14th and 15th centuries ( ___MASK26___ . 1301  1500 ). The Late Middle Ages followed the High Middle Ages and preceded the onset of the early modern era ( and , in much of Europe , the Renaissance ).