instrument jovdat hajiyev
Opera ( English plural : " operas "; Italian plural : " opere " ) is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text ( libretto ) and musical score , usually in a theatrical setting . In traditional opera , singers do two types of ___MASK89___ : recitative , a speech - inflected style and arias , a more melodic style . Opera incorporates many of the elements of spoken theatre , such as acting , scenery , and costumes and sometimes includes dance . The performance is typically given in an opera house , accompanied by an orchestra or smaller musical ensemble , which since the early 19th century has been led by a conductor . In classical music , a ___MASK62___ quintet is a work of chamber music written for ___MASK62___ and four other instruments . The genre particularly flourished in the nineteenth century . A ___MASK62___ trio is a group of ___MASK62___ and two other instruments , usually a ___MASK1___ and a cello , or a piece of music written for such a group . It is one of the most common forms found in classical chamber music . The term can also refer to a group of musicians who regularly play this repertoire together ; for a number of well - known ___MASK62___ trios , see below . A pianist is an individual musician who plays the ___MASK62___ . Most forms of Western music can make use of the ___MASK62___ . Consequently , pianists have a wide variety of repertoire and styles to choose from , including traditionally classical music , Jazz , blues and all sorts of popular music , including rock music . Most pianists can , to a certain extent , play other keyboard - related instruments such as the synthesizer , ___MASK87___ , celesta and the organ and keyboard . Perhaps the greatest pianist of all time was Franz Liszt , whose ___MASK62___ mastery was described by Anton Rubinstein : " In comparison with Liszt , all other pianists are children ". Ahmad Jovdat Ismayil oglu Hajiyev ( June 18 , 1917 - January 18 , 2002 ) was one of the major Azerbaijani composers of the Soviet period . He is remembered for his monumental orchestral works , having been the first Azerbaijani to compose a symphony ( 1936 ) . He studied under Azerbaijan ' s Founder of Composed Music , Uzeyir Hajibeyov and under Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovich . Hajiyev was born in Shaki ( then Nukha ) , a town in the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains in northwestern Azerbaijan . From an early age , he was deeply influenced by the traditional music of folk songs , ashug music ( folk minstrel ) and mugham ( modal music ) . In 1924 , his family moved to Baku . In 1935 , he enrolled in the theoretical composition faculty at Baku Conservatory , studying under Uzeyir Hajibeyov and the Latvian - born Rudolf , a former student of Sergei Taneyev . The following year , Hajiyev composed his single movement `` Symphony No . 1 '' , the first symphonic piece ever written by an Azerbaijani composer . This work enabled him to enter Moscow Conservatory in 1938 . In Moscow , World War II interrupted his studies and he had to return to Baku . After the war , Hajiyev and fellow student Gara Garayev ( 1918 - 1982 ) returned to Moscow and were profoundly influenced by composer Shostakovich . Hajiyev completed `` Symphony No . 3 '' to graduate in 1947 . During his lifetime , Hajiyev composed eight symphonic works plus the heroic - patriotic opera `` Vatan '' ( Motherland ) , which he wrote with Gara Garayev in 1944 . After the opera ' s premiere in May 1945 , Hajiyev and Garayev were awarded the prestigious Stalin Prize . Hajiyev won a second Stalin Prize in 1952 , for his symphonic poem `` For Peace '' . Hajiyev served briefly as Artistic Director of the Baku Philharmonic Orchestra ( 1947 -- 48 ) and was appointed to the staff of the Azerbaijan State Conservatory . He later served as the Conservatory ' s Rector ( 1957 - 1969 ) and in 1963 was appointed Professor of Composition . He went on to teach at the Conservatory for more than four decades . His students include well - known musicians such as Agshin Alizade , Dadash Dadashov and song composers Eldar Mansurov and Javanshir Guliyev . It is for his contribution to the development of the symphony in Azerbaijan that Hajiyev will best be remembered . It was to this genre that Hajiyev returned with renewed inspiration in the 1990s , producing a number of works influenced by contemporary events . His last symphonic work entitled , `` January 20 '' , composed in 1991 , was dedicated to the victims of Black January ( 1990 ) , when Soviet troops and tanks killed hundreds of Baku civilians . In 1997 , President Heydar Aliyev bestowed upon Hajiyev Azerbaijan ' s highest recognition , the `` Azerbaijan Order of Glory '' on the occasion of his 80th Jubilee , commemorating `` 60 long years of fruitful work which is highly appreciated by the nation and the State '' . In Aliyev ' s official citation for this award , Hajiyev was praised as a `` well - known composer , innovator , pedagogue , well - known public figure and model for the new generation of musicians . '' His music was commended for its `` deep context , spirit of citizenship and high level of elegance . '' Jovdat Hajiyev was married to Amina Dilbazi , well known Azeri ballet - master and folk music dancer . Their two sons , Ismayil Hajiyev and Telman Hajiyev are both composers . Uzeyir bey Abdul Huseyn oglu Hajibeyov (/     September 18 , 1885 , Shusha ( Aghjabadi village ), Russian Empire  November 23 , 1948 , Baku , Azerbaijani SSR , Soviet Union ) was an Azerbaijani composer , conductor , publicist , playwright , teacher , translator , and social figure from Azerbaijan . He is recognized as the father of Azerbaijani composed classical music and opera . Uzeyir Hajibeyov composed the music of the national anthem of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic ( which was re - adopted after Azerbaijan regained its independence from the Soviet Union in 1991 ). He also composed the anthem used by Azerbaijan during the Soviet period . He was the first composer of an opera in the Islamic world . A string quartet is a musical ensemble of four string players  two ___MASK1___ players , a viola player and a cellist  or a piece written to be performed by such a group . The string quartet is one of the most prominent chamber ensembles in classical music , with most major composers , from the mid to late 18th century onwards , writing string quartets . Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich (; 9 August 1975 ) was a Russian pianist and composer of the Soviet period , he is regarded as one of the major composers of the 20th century . Shostakovich achieved fame in the Soviet Union under the patronage of Soviet chief of staff Mikhail Tukhachevsky , but later had a complex and difficult relationship with the government . Nevertheless , he received accolades and state awards and served in the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR ( 1947  1962 ) and the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union ( from 1962 until his death ). A polystylist , Shostakovich developed a hybrid voice , combining a variety of different musical techniques into his works . His music is characterized by sharp contrasts , elements of the grotesque , and ambivalent tonality ; the composer was also heavily influenced by the neo - classical style pioneered by Igor Stravinsky , and ( especially in his symphonies ) by the post - Romanticism associated with Gustav Mahler . Shostakovich ' s orchestral works include 15 symphonies and six concerti . His chamber output includes 15 string quartets , a ___MASK62___ quintet , two ___MASK62___ trios , and two pieces for string octet . His solo ___MASK62___ works include two sonatas , an early set of preludes , and a later set of 24 preludes and fugues . Other works include three operas , several song cycles , ballets , and a substantial quantity of film music ; especially well known is " The Second Waltz ", Op . 99 , music to the film "" ( 1955  1956 ), as well as the suites of music composed for " The Gadfly ". Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound and silence , which exist in time . The common elements of music are pitch ( which governs melody and harmony ), rhythm ( and its associated concepts tempo , meter , and articulation ), dynamics ( loudness and softness ), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture ( which are sometimes termed the " color " of a musical sound ). Different styles or types of music may emphasize , de - emphasize or omit some of these elements . Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from ___MASK89___ to rapping ; there are solely instrumental pieces , solely vocal pieces ( such as songs without instrumental accompaniment ) and pieces that combine ___MASK89___ and instruments . The word derives from Greek  (" mousike "; " art of the Muses "). In its most general form , the activities describing music as an art form include the production of works of music ( songs , tunes , symphonies , and so on ), the criticism of music , the study of the history of music , and the aesthetic examination of music . Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies . Common sayings such as " the harmony of the spheres " and " it is music to my ears " point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to . However , 20th - century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music , saying , for example , " There is no noise , only sound ." A composer ( Latin " compn "; literally " one who puts together ") is a person who creates or writes music , which can be vocal music ( for a singer or choir ), instrumental music ( e . g ., for solo ___MASK62___ , string quartet , wind quintet or orchestra ) or music which combines both instruments and voices ( e . g ., opera or art song , which is a singer accompanied by a pianist ). The core meaning of the term refers to individuals who have contributed to the tradition of Western classical music through creation of works expressed in written musical notation ( e . g ., sheet music scores ).