applies_to_jurisdiction flag of the federal territory 
___MASK29___ , officially the Socialist Republic of ___MASK29___ ( SRV ), is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia . With an estimated 90 . 5 million inhabitants , it is the world ' s 14th - most - populous country , and the eighth - most - populous Asian country . ___MASK29___ is bordered by China to the north , ___MASK8___ to the northwest , ___MASK5___ to the southwest , Thailand across the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest , and the ___MASK99___ , Malaysia and Indonesia across the South China Sea to the east and southeast . Its capital city has been Hanoi since the reunification of North and South ___MASK29___ in 1976 . The South China Sea is a marginal sea that is part of the Pacific Ocean , encompassing an area from the Karimata and ___MASK70___ Straits to the Strait of ___MASK81___ of around . The area ' s importance largely results from one - third of the world ' s shipping sailing through its waters and that it is believed to hold huge oil and gas reserves beneath its seabed . ___MASK57___ ( or ), officially the Federal Territory of ___MASK57___ , is the national capital of ___MASK35___ as well as its largest city . The city covers an area of and has an estimated population of 1 . 7 million . Greater ___MASK57___ , also known as the Klang Valley , is an urban agglomeration of 7 . 2 million people . It is among the fastest growing metropolitan regions in South - East Asia , in terms of population and economy . The ___MASK99___ , officially the Republic of the ___MASK99___ , is a sovereign island country in Southeast Asia situated in the western Pacific Ocean . It consists of about 7 , 641 islands that are categorized broadly under three main geographical divisions from north to south : Luzon , Visayas , and Mindanao . The capital city of the ___MASK99___ is Manila and the most populous city is Quezon City , both part of Metro Manila . Bounded by the South China Sea on the west , the Philippine Sea on the east and the Celebes Sea on the southwest , the ___MASK99___ shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north , Vietnam to the west , Palau to the east and Malaysia and Indonesia to the south . Tanjung Piai is a cape in Pontian District , ___MASK46___ , ___MASK35___ . It is the southernmost point of Peninsular ___MASK35___ and thus the most southern point of mainland Eurasia . The skyline of ___MASK11___ is visible across the ___MASK46___ Strait from the point . It features seafood restaurants , perched on wooden jetties that are surrounded by a rugged and rarefied coastline of unspoiled mangrove forests . ___MASK66___ ( or ; Indonesian : ), officially the Republic of ___MASK66___ , is a unitary sovereign state and transcontinental country located mainly in Southeast Asia with some territories in Oceania . Situated between the Indian and Pacific oceans , it is the world ' s largest island country , with more than seventeen thousand islands . At , ___MASK66___ is the world ' s 14th - largest country in terms of land area and world ' s 7th - largest country in terms of combined sea and land area . It has an estimated population of over 260 million people and is the world ' s fourth most populous country , the most populous Austronesian nation , as well as the most populous Muslim - majority country . The world ' s most populous island of Java contains more than half of the country ' s population . Peninsular ___MASK35___ , also known as West ___MASK35___ ( formerly Malaya ), is the part of ___MASK35___ which lies on the Malay Peninsula and surrounding islands . Its area is . It shares a land border with ___MASK68___ in the north . To the south is the island of ___MASK11___ . East ___MASK35___ (" ___MASK35___ Timur "), also known as Sabah , Sarawak and ___MASK33___ (" Sabah , Sarawak dan ___MASK33___ ") or Malaysian Borneo , is the part of ___MASK35___ located on the island of Borneo . It consists of the Malaysian states of Sabah , Sarawak , and the Federal Territory of ___MASK33___ . It lies to the east of Peninsular ___MASK35___ ( West ___MASK35___ ), which is located on the Malay Peninsula . The two are separated by the South China Sea . While East ___MASK35___ is less populated and less developed than West ___MASK35___ , its land mass is larger and it has notably more natural resources , chiefly oil and gas reserves . ___MASK11___ , officially the Republic of ___MASK11___ , and often referred to as the " Lion City " or the " Little Red Dot ", is a sovereign city - state in Southeast Asia , and the world ' s only island city - state . It lies one degree ( 137 km ) north of the equator , south of the southernmost tip of continental Asia and peninsular Malaysia , with ___MASK66___ ' s Riau Islands to the south . ___MASK11___ ' s territory consists of a diamond - shaped main island along with 62 other islets . Since independence , extensive land reclamation has increased its total size by 23 % ( 130 km ), and its greening policy has covered the densely populated island with tropical flora , parks and gardens . Eurasia is the combined continental landmass of ___MASK79___ and Asia . The term is a portmanteau of its constituent continents . Located primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres , it is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west , the Pacific Ocean to the east , the Arctic Ocean to the north , and by Africa , the Mediterranean Sea , and the Indian Ocean to the south . The division between ___MASK79___ and Asia as two different continents is a historical and cultural construct , with no clear physical separation between them ; thus , in some parts of the world , Eurasia is recognized as the largest of five or six continents . In geology , Eurasia is often considered as a single rigid megablock . However , the rigidity of Eurasia is debated based on the paleomagnet data . China , officially the People ' s Republic of China ( PRC ), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia . With a population of over 1 . 381 billion , it is the world ' s most populous country . The state is governed by the Communist Party of China , and its capital is Beijing . It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces , five autonomous regions , four direct - controlled municipalities ( Beijing , Tianjin , Shanghai , and Chongqing ), and two mostly self - governing special administrative regions ( ___MASK28___ and ___MASK20___ ), and claims sovereignty over Taiwan . The country ' s major urban areas include Shanghai , Guangzhou , Beijing , Chongqing , Shenzhen , Tianjin and ___MASK28___ . China is a great power and a major regional power within Asia , and has been characterized as a potential superpower . ___MASK35___ is a federal constitutional monarchy located in Southeast Asia . It consists of thirteen states and three federal territories and has a total landmass of separated by the South China Sea into two similarly sized regions , Peninsular ___MASK35___ and East ___MASK35___ ( Malaysian Borneo ). Peninsular ___MASK35___ shares a land and maritime border with ___MASK68___ and maritime borders with ___MASK11___ , Vietnam , and ___MASK66___ . East ___MASK35___ shares land and maritime borders with Brunei and ___MASK66___ and a maritime border with the ___MASK99___ and Vietnam . The capital city is Kuala Lumpur , while Putrajaya is the seat of the federal government . With a population of over 30 million , ___MASK35___ is the 44th most populous country . The southernmost point of continental Eurasia , Tanjung Piai , is in ___MASK35___ . Located in the tropics , ___MASK35___ is one of 17 megadiverse countries on earth , with large numbers of endemic species . A constitutional monarchy ( also known as a parliamentary monarchy ) is a form of monarchy in which the sovereign exercises their authorities in accordance with a written or unwritten constitution . Constitutional monarchy differs from absolute monarchy ( in which a monarch holds absolute power ), in that constitutional monarchs are bound to exercise their powers and authorities within the limits prescribed within an established legal framework . Constitutional monarchies range from countries such as ___MASK65___ , where the constitution grants substantial discretionary powers to the sovereign , to countries such as Sweden or Denmark where the monarch retains very few formal authorities . Putrajaya , officially the Federal Territory of Putrajaya , is a planned city and the federal administrative centre of ___MASK35___ . The seat of government was shifted in 1999 from Kuala Lumpur to Putrajaya , because of overcrowding and congestion in the former . Kuala Lumpur remains ___MASK35___ ' s national capital , and is the seat of the King and the Parliament , and is the country ' s commercial and financial centre . Putrajaya was the idea of former Prime Minister Tun Dr Mahathir Mohammad . It became ___MASK35___ ' s third Federal Territory , after Kuala Lumpur and ___MASK33___ , in 2001 . ___MASK68___ ( or ), officially the Kingdom of ___MASK68___ , formerly known as Siam , is a country at the centre of the Indochinese peninsula in Southeast Asia . With a total area of approximately , ___MASK68___ is the world ' s 51st - largest country . It is the 20th - most - populous country in the world , with around 66 million people . The capital and largest city is Bangkok . Southeast Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia , consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China , east of ___MASK80___ , west of New Guinea and north of ___MASK32___ . The region lies near the intersection of geological plates , with heavy seismic and volcanic activity . Southeast Asia consists of two geographic regions : ___MASK37___ , officially the Nation of ___MASK37___ , the Abode of Peace ( Jawi : ), is a sovereign state located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia . Apart from its coastline with the South China Sea , the country is completely surrounded by the state of Sarawak , Malaysia . It is separated into two parts by the Sarawak district of Limbang . ___MASK37___ is the only sovereign state completely on the island of Borneo ; the remainder of the island ' s territory is divided between the nations of Malaysia and ___MASK66___ . ___MASK37___ ' s population was 408 , 786 in July 2012 . The flag of the Federal Territory is an official flag for the Federal Territory , ___MASK35___ . It was adopted on 23 May 2006 .