military_branch henry m. judah
The Military Division of the Mississippi was an administrative division of the ___MASK17___ during the American Civil War that controlled all military operations in the Western Theater from 1863 until the end of the war . ___MASK36___ ( from French " cavalerie ", cf . " cheval " ' horse ') or horsemen were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback . ___MASK36___ were historically the most mobile of the combat arms . An individual soldier in the ___MASK36___ is known by a number of designations such as cavalryman , horseman , dragoon or trooper . The designation of ___MASK36___ was not usually given to any military forces that used other animals , such as camels , mules or elephants . Infantry who moved on horseback , but dismounted to fight on foot , were known in the 17th and early 18th centuries as dragoons , a class of mounted infantry which later evolved into ___MASK36___ proper while retaining their historic title . The Battle of Resaca was part of the Atlanta Campaign of the American Civil War . The battle was waged in both Gordon and Whitfield counties , Georgia , May 13  15 , 1864 . It ended inconclusively with the Confederate ___MASK10___ retreating . The engagement was fought between the Military Division of the Mississippi ( led by Maj . Gen . William T . Sherman ) on the side of the Union and the ___MASK10___ of Tennessee ( Gen . Joseph E . Johnston ) for the Confederates . The United States Armed Forces are the federal armed forces of the United States . They consist of the ___MASK10___ , Marine Corps , Navy , Air Force , and Coast Guard . The President of the United States is the military ' s overall head , and helps form military policy with the U . S . Department of Defense ( DoD ), a federal executive department , acting as the principal organ by which military policy is carried out . From the time of its inception , the military played a decisive role in the history of the United States . A sense of national unity and identity was forged as a result of victory in the First Barbary War and the Second Barbary War . Even so , the Founders were suspicious of a permanent military force . It played an important role in the American Civil War , where leading generals on both sides were picked from members of the United States military . Not until the outbreak of World War II did a large standing ___MASK10___ become officially established . The National Security Act of 1947 , adopted following World War II and during the Cold War ' s onset , created the modern U . S . military framework ; the Act merged previously Cabinet - level Department of War and the Department of the Navy into the National Military Establishment ( renamed the Department of Defense in 1949 ), headed by the Secretary of Defense ; and created the Department of the Air Force and National Security Council . The Continental ___MASK10___ was formed by the Second Continental Congress after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America . Established by a resolution of the Congress on June 14 , 1775 , it was created to coordinate the military efforts of the Thirteen Colonies in their revolt against the rule of Great Britain . The Continental ___MASK10___ was supplemented by local militias and troops that remained under control of the individual states or were otherwise independent . General George Washington was the commander - in - chief of the ___MASK10___ throughout the war . The ___MASK10___ of the United States or Armies of the United States is the legal name of the " land forces of the United States " ( United States Constitution , Article 2 , Section 2 , Clause 1 and United States Code , Title 10 , Subtitle B , Chapter 301 , Section 3001 ) and has been used in this context since at least 1841 , as in the title : " General Regulations for the ___MASK10___ of the United States ". The ___MASK10___ , or Armies of the United States includes : the Regular ___MASK10___ , ___MASK27___ , and the ___MASK42___ , ( as well as any volunteer or conscripted forces ). Joseph Eggleston Johnston ( February 3 , 1807  March 21 , 1891 ) was a career U . S . ___MASK10___ officer , serving with distinction in the Mexican - American War and Seminole Wars , and was also one of the most senior general officers in the Confederate States ___MASK10___ during the American Civil War . He was unrelated to Albert Sidney Johnston , another high - ranking Confederate general during the Civil war . The ___MASK17___ ( USA ) is the largest branch of the United States Armed Forces and performs land - based military operations . It is one of the seven uniformed services of the United States and is designated as the Army of the United States in the United States Constitution , Article 2 , Section 2 , Clause 1 and United States Code , Title 10 , Subtitle B , Chapter 301 , Section 3001 . As the largest and senior branch of the U . S . military , the modern U . S . Army has its roots in the Continental Army , which was formed ( 14 June 1775 ) to fight the American Revolutionary War ( 1775  1783 ) before the U . S . was established as a country . After the Revolutionary War , the Congress of the Confederation created the ___MASK17___ on 3 June 1784 , to replace the disbanded Continental Army . The ___MASK17___ considers itself descended from the Continental Army , and dates its institutional inception from the origin of that armed force in 1775 . The ___MASK10___ of Tennessee was the principal Confederate ___MASK10___ operating between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River during the American Civil War . It was formed in late 1862 and fought until the end of the war in 1865 , participating in most of the significant battles in the Western Theater . It should not be confused with the ___MASK98___ of the Tennessee , named after the Tennessee River . Henry Moses Judah ( June 12 , 1821 -- February 14 , 1866 ) was a career officer in the ___MASK17___ , serving during the Mexican - American War and American Civil War . He is most remembered for his role in helping thwart Morgan ' s Raid in 1863 and for leading a disastrous attack during the Battle of Resaca . Morgan ' s Raid was a highly publicized incursion by Confederate ___MASK36___ into the northern U . S . states of Indiana and Ohio during the American Civil War . The raid took place from June 11  July 26 , 1863 , and is named for the commander of the Confederates , Brig . Gen . John Hunt Morgan .