work_location daniel paul schreber
The Kingdom of ___MASK14___ , lasting between 1806 and 1918 , was an independent member of a number of historical confederacies in Napoleonic through post - Napoleonic Germany . From 1871 it was part of the German Empire . It became a Free state in the era of Weimar Republic in 1918 after the end of World War I and the abdication of King Frederick Augustus III of ___MASK14___ . Its capital was the city of ___MASK35___ , and its modern successor state is the Free State of ___MASK14___ . ___MASK64___ is the capital and largest city of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria . ___MASK64___ is Austria ' s primary city , with a population of about 1 . 8 million ( 2 . 6 million within the metropolitan area , nearly one third of Austria ' s population ), and its cultural , economic , and political centre . It is the 7th - largest city by population within city limits in the European Union . Until the beginning of the 20th century , it was the largest German - speaking city in the world , and before the splitting of the Austro - Hungarian Empire in World War I , the city had 2 million inhabitants . Today , it has the second largest number of German speakers after ___MASK61___ . ___MASK64___ is host to many major international organizations , including the United Nations and OPEC . The city is located in the eastern part of Austria and is close to the borders of the Czech Republic , Slovakia , and Hungary . These regions work together in a European Centrope border region . Along with nearby Bratislava , ___MASK64___ forms a metropolitan region with 3 million inhabitants . In 2001 , the city centre was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site . Dementia praecox ( a " premature dementia " or " precocious madness ") is a disused psychiatric diagnosis that originally designated a chronic , deteriorating psychotic disorder characterized by rapid cognitive disintegration , usually beginning in the late teens or early adulthood . Over the years , the term " dementia praecox " was gradually replaced by " schizophrenia ", which remains in current diagnostic use . Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal social behavior and failure to understand what is real . Common symptoms include false beliefs , unclear or confused thinking , hearing voices that others do not , reduced social engagement and emotional expression , and a lack of motivation . People with schizophrenia often have additional mental health problems such as anxiety disorders , major depressive illness , or substance use disorders . Symptoms typically come on gradually , begin in young adulthood , and last a long time . The causes of schizophrenia include environmental and genetic factors . Possible environmental factors include being raised in a city , cannabis use , certain infections , parental age , and poor nutrition during pregnancy . Genetic factors include a variety of common and rare genetic variants . Diagnosis is based on observed behavior , the person ' s reported experiences , and reports of others familiar with the person . During diagnosis a person ' s culture must also be taken into account . As of 2013 there is no objective test . Schizophrenia does not imply a " ___MASK90___ personality " or " multiple personality disorder " conditions with which it is often confused in public perception . The mainstay of treatment is antipsychotic medication , along with counselling , job training , and social rehabilitation . It is unclear whether typical or atypical antipsychotics are better . In those who do not improve with other antipsychotics clozapine may be tried . In more serious situations  where there is risk to self or others  involuntary hospitalization may be necessary , although hospital stays are now shorter and less frequent than they once were . About 0 . 3  0 . 7 % of people are affected by schizophrenia during their lifetimes . In 2013 there were estimated to be 23 . 6 million cases globally . Males are more often affected than females . About 20 % of people do well , and a few recover completely . Social problems , such as long - term unemployment , poverty , and homelessness are common . The average life expectancy of people with the disorder is ten to twenty - five years less than for the general population . This is the result of increased physical health problems and a higher suicide rate ( about 5 %). In 2013 an estimated 16 , 000 people worldwide died from behavior related to , or caused by , schizophrenia . ___MASK74___ ( Sorbian : " Šwikawa ", Czech " Cvikov ") is a town in ___MASK14___ , Germany , it is the capital of the district of ___MASK74___ . ___MASK74___ is situated in a valley at the foot of the Erzgebirge mountains and is within the Saxon triangle , an area including Leipzig - Halle , ___MASK35___ and Chemnitz . The town has approximately 100 , 000 inhabitants , but has a regional catchment area of over 480 , 000 people . From 1834 until 1952 ___MASK74___ was the seat of the government of the south - western region of ___MASK14___ . ___MASK84___ is the largest city in the federal state of ___MASK14___ , Germany . With a population of 570 , 087 inhabitants ( 1 , 001 , 220 residents in the larger urban zone ) it is Germany ' s tenth most populous city . ___MASK84___ is located about southwest of ___MASK61___ at the confluence of the White Elster , Pleisse and Parthe rivers at the southern end of the North German Plain . Daniel Paul Schreber ( German : ( eb ) ; 25 July 1842 -- 14 April 1911 ) was a German judge who suffered from what was then diagnosed as dementia praecox ( today known as paranoid schizophrenia or schizophrenia , paranoid type ) . He described his second mental illness ( 1893 -- 1902 ) , making also a brief reference to the first illness ( 1884 -- 1885 ) in his book Memoirs of My Nervous Illness ( original German title Denkwürdigkeiten eines Nervenkranken ) . The Memoirs became an influential book in the history of psychiatry and psychoanalysis thanks to its interpretation by Sigmund Freud . There is no personal account of his third illness ( 1907 -- 1911 ) , but some details about it can be found in the Hospital Chart ( in Appendix to Lothane ' s book ) . During his second illness he was treated by Prof . Paul Flechsig ( ___MASK84___ University Clinic ) , Dr . Pierson ( Lindenhof ) , and Dr . Guido Weber ( Royal Public Asylum , Sonnenstein ) . The University of ___MASK64___ is a public university located in ___MASK64___ , Austria . It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is one of the oldest universities in the German - speaking world . With its long and rich history , the University of ___MASK64___ has developed into one of the biggest universities in Europe , and also one of the most renowned , especially in the Humanities . It is associated with 15 Nobel prize winners and has been the academic home of a large number of figures both of historical and academic importance . The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern ___MASK27___ , commonly known as the United Kingdom ( UK ) or Britain , is a sovereign country in western Europe . Lying off the north - western coast of the European mainland , it includes the island of Great Britain ( the name of which is also loosely applied to the whole country ), the north - eastern part of the island of ___MASK27___ , and many smaller islands . Northern ___MASK27___ is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of ___MASK27___ . Apart from this land border , the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the North Sea to its east , the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south - south - west , giving it the 12th - longest coastline in the world . The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and ___MASK27___ . With an area of , the UK is the 78th - largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th - largest in Europe . It is also the 21st - most populous country , with an estimated 65 . 1 million inhabitants . Together , this makes it the fourth most densely populated country in the European Union . Sigmund Freud ( born Sigismund Schlomo Freud ; 6 May 1856  23 September 1939 ) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis , a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst . Freud was born to Galician Jewish parents in the Moravian town of ___MASK36___ , in the Austro - Hungarian Empire . He qualified as a doctor of medicine in 1881 at the University of ___MASK64___ . Upon completing his habilitation in 1885 , he was appointed a docent in neuropathology and became an affiliated professor in 1902 . Freud lived and worked in ___MASK64___ , having set up his clinical practice there in 1886 . In 1938 Freud left Austria to escape the Nazis . He died in exile in the United Kingdom in 1939 . Paul Emil Flechsig ( 29 June 1847 , ___MASK74___ , Kingdom of ___MASK14___  22 July 1929 , Leipzig ) was a German neuroanatomist , psychiatrist and neuropathologist . He is mainly remembered today for his research of myelinogenesis .