instance_of public health 
The ___MASK64___ Asylums Board ( or MAB ) was established under Poor ___MASK12___ ___MASK23___ , to deal with London ' s sick poor . It was established by the ___MASK64___ Poor Act 1867 and was wound up in 1930 , its functions being transferred to the London ___MASK13___ . The ___MASK68___ of the United Kingdom , commonly known as the UK ___MASK68___ or British ___MASK68___ , is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom , British ___MASK27___ dependencies and British overseas territories . It alone possesses legislative supremacy and thereby ultimate power over all other political bodies in the UK and its territories . Its ___MASK69___ is the Sovereign of the United Kingdom ( currently Queen Elizabeth II ) and its seat is the ___MASK74___ of Westminster in the City of Westminster , London . The ___MASK74___ of Westminster is the meeting place of the House of Commons and the House of Lords , the two houses of the Parliament of the United Kingdom . Commonly known as the Houses of Parliament after its occupants , it is also known as the ' heart of British politics '. The ___MASK74___ lies on the north bank of the ___MASK5___ Thames in the City of Westminster , in central London . Poverty is general scarcity or the ___MASK63___ of one who lacks a certain amount of ___MASK72___ possessions or ___MASK84___ . It is a multifaceted concept , which includes social , economic , and political elements . Absolute poverty or destitution refers to the lack of means necessary to meet basic needs such as food , clothing and shelter . Absolute poverty is meant to be about the same independent of location . Relative poverty occurs when people do not enjoy a certain minimum level of living standards as compared to the rest of society and so would vary from country to country , sometimes within the same country . ___MASK93___ of Westminster is an Inner ___MASK70___ which also holds city status . It occupies much of the central area of Greater London including most of the West End . It is to the west of and adjoining the ancient City of London , directly to the east of the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea , and its southern boundary is the ___MASK5___ Thames . It was created with the 1965 establishment of Greater London . Upon creation , Westminster was awarded city status , which had been previously held by the smaller Metropolitan Borough of Westminster . London is the ___MASK15___ and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom , as well as the most populous city proper in the European Union . Standing on the ___MASK5___ Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain , London has been a major settlement for two millennia . It was founded by the Romans , who named it " Londinium ". London ' s ancient core , the City of London , largely retains its medieval boundaries . Since at least the 19th century , " London " has also referred to the metropolis around this core , historically split between Middlesex , Essex , Surrey , Kent , and Hertfordshire , which today largely makes up Greater London , governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly . The ___MASK100___ Health ( London ) Act 1891 ( 54 & 55 Vict c 76 ) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which extended access to Metropolitan Asylums Board hospitals to those who were not eligible for poor relief . It was repealed in part by Parts V and VI of the Third Schedule to the ___MASK100___ Health Act 1936 . London ___MASK13___ ( LCC ) was the ___MASK87___ local government body for the County of London throughout its existence from 1889 to 1965 , and the first London - wide general municipal authority to be directly elected . It covered the area today known as Inner London and was replaced by the Greater London Council . The LCC was the largest , most significant and most ambitious English municipal authority of its day . The 14 British Overseas Territories ( BOT ) are territories under the ___MASK51___ and sovereignty of the United Kingdom . They are those parts of the former British ___MASK83___ that have not chosen independence or have voted to remain British territories . Most of the inhabited territories are internally self - governing , with the UK retaining responsibility for defence and foreign relations . The rest are either uninhabited or have a transitory ___MASK4___ of ___MASK47___ or scientific personnel . They share the British monarch ( Elizabeth II ) as ___MASK69___ of state . The ___MASK64___ Poor Act 1867 was an ___MASK10___ , the first in a series of major reforms that led to the gradual separation of the Poor Law ' s medical functions from its poor relief functions . It also led to the creation of a separate administrative authority the ___MASK64___ Asylums Board . In English and British ___MASK7___ , poor relief refers to ___MASK56___ and ecclesiastical action to relieve poverty . Over the centuries various authorities have needed to decide whose poverty deserves relief and also who should bear the cost of helping the poor . Alongside ever - changing attitudes towards poverty , many methods have been attempted to answer these questions . Since the early 16th century legislation on poverty enacted by the English Parliament , poor relief has developed from being little more than a systematic means of punishment into a complex system of ___MASK56___ - funded support and protection , especially following the creation in the 1940s of the welfare state . The welfare ___MASK63___ is a ___MASK30___ of ___MASK56___ in which the ___MASK63___ plays a key role in the protection and ___MASK42___ of the social and economic well - being of its citizens . It is based on the principles of equality of opportunity , equitable distribution of wealth , and public responsibility for those unable to avail themselves of the minimal provisions for a good life . The general term may cover a variety of forms of economic and social organization . The sociologist T . H . Marshall described the modern welfare ___MASK63___ as a distinctive combination of democracy , welfare , and capitalism .