located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity delta park 
___MASK99___ , officially the Republic ___MASK59___ ___MASK99___ , is a landlocked country located in southern Africa , between the Zambezi and ___MASK54___ Rivers . It is bordered by South Africa to the south , Botswana to the ___MASK44___ and ___MASK5___ , Zambia to the northwest , and Mozambique to the east and northeast . Although it does not border ___MASK56___ , less than 200 metres ___MASK59___ the Zambezi River separates it from that country . The capital and largest city is Harare . A country ___MASK59___ roughly 13 million people , ___MASK99___ has 16 official languages , with English , Shona , and Ndebele the most commonly used . A savanna or ___MASK8___ is a mixed woodland grassland ecosystem characterised by the trees being sufficiently widely spaced so that the canopy does not close . The open canopy allows sufficient light to reach the ground to support an unbroken herbaceous layer consisting primarily of grasses . ___MASK25___ ( short for " Freedom Organisation for the Right to Enjoy Smoking Tobacco ") is a ___MASK73___ political pressure group which campaigns against tobacco control activity . ___MASK75___ , officially the Kingdom of ___MASK75___ ( or ; Swazi : " Umbuso weSwatini " ; sometimes called kaNgwane or Eswatini ), is a sovereign state in Southern Africa . It is neighboured by Mozambique to its northeast and by South Africa to its north , west and south . The country and its people take their names from Mswati II , the 19th - century king under whose rule Swazi territory was expanded and unified . A biome is a formation ___MASK59___ plants and animals that have common characteristics due to similar climates and can be found over a range ___MASK59___ continents . Spanning continents , Biomes are distinct biological communities that have formed in response to a shared physical climate . Biomes are distinct from habitats , because any biome can comprise a variety ___MASK59___ habitats . Temperate grasslands , savannahs , and shrublands are terrestrial biomes whose predominant vegetation consists ___MASK59___ grass and / or shrubs . The climate is temperate and ranges from semi - arid to semi - humid . An ecoregion ( ecological region ) is an ecologically and geographically defined area that is smaller than a bioregion , which in turn is smaller than an ecozone . All three ___MASK59___ these are either less or greater than an ecosystem . Ecoregions cover relatively large areas ___MASK59___ land or water , and contain characteristic , geographically distinct assemblages ___MASK59___ natural communities and species . The biodiversity ___MASK59___ ___MASK6___ , fauna and ecosystems that characterise an ecoregion tends to be distinct from that ___MASK59___ other ecoregions . In theory , biodiversity or conservation ecoregions are relatively large areas ___MASK59___ land or water where the probability ___MASK59___ encountering different species and communities at any given point remains relatively constant , within an acceptable range ___MASK59___ variation ( largely undefined at this point ). Grasslands are areas where the vegetation is dominated by grasses ( Poaceae ), however sedge ( Cyperaceae ) and ___MASK7___ ( Juncaceae ) families can also be found . Grasslands occur naturally on all continents except ___MASK34___ . Grasslands are found in ___MASK66___ ecoregions of the Earth . For example , there are five terrestrial ecoregion classifications ( subdivisions ) of the temperate grasslands , savannas , and shrublands biome ( ecosystem ), which is one of eight terrestrial ecozones of the Earth ' s surface . ___MASK81___ , which means " place of gold ", is one of the nine provinces of South Africa . It was formed from part of the old Transvaal Province after South Africa ' s first all - race elections on 27 April 1994 . It was initially named Pretoria  Witwatersrand  Vereeniging ( PWV ) and was renamed " ___MASK81___ " in December 1994 . ___MASK28___ Africa , officially the Republic ___MASK59___ ___MASK28___ Africa ( RSA ), is the southernmost country in Africa . It is bounded on the south by ___MASK59___ coastline ___MASK59___ Southern Africa stretching along the ___MASK28___ Atlantic and ___MASK26___ Oceans , on the north by the neighbouring countries ___MASK59___ ___MASK56___ , Botswana and Zimbabwe , and on the east and northeast by Mozambique and ___MASK75___ , and surrounding the kingdom ___MASK59___ Lesotho . ___MASK28___ Africa is the 25th - largest country in the world by land area , and with close to 56 million people , is the world ' s 24th - most populous nation . It is the southernmost country on the mainland ___MASK59___ the Old World or the Eastern Hemisphere . It is the only country that borders both the Atlantic Ocean and the ___MASK26___ Ocean . About 80 percent ___MASK59___ ___MASK28___ Africans are ___MASK59___ Sub - Saharan African ancestry , divided among a variety ___MASK59___ ethnic groups speaking different Bantu languages , nine ___MASK59___ which have official status . The remaining population consists ___MASK59___ Africa ' s largest communities ___MASK59___ European ( white ), Asian ( ___MASK26___ ), and multiracial ( coloured ) ancestry . ___MASK24___ ( or ), officially the Republic of ___MASK24___ ( or "") is a country in Southeast Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east , Tanzania to the north , ___MASK79___ and Zambia to the northwest , Zimbabwe to the west , and ___MASK75___ and South Africa to the southwest . It is separated from Madagascar by the ___MASK24___ Channel to the east . The capital and largest city is Maputo ( known as " Lourenço Marques " before independence ). A shrub or bush is a small to medium - sized woody plant . It is distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and shorter height , usually under 6 m ( 20 ft ) tall . Plants ___MASK59___ many species may grow either into shrubs or trees , depending on their growing conditions . Small , low shrubs , generally less than 2 m ( 6 . 6 ft ) tall , such as lavender , periwinkle and ___MASK66___ small garden varieties ___MASK59___ roses , are often termed subshrubs . ___MASK85___ is the world ' s second - largest and second - ___MASK66___ - populous continent . At about 30 . 3 million km² ( 11 . 7 million square miles ) including adjacent islands , it covers 6 % of Earth ' s total surface area and 20 . 4 % of its total land area . With 1 . 1 billion people as of 2013 , it accounts for about 15 % of the world ' s human population . The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north , both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast , the ___MASK26___ Ocean to the southeast , and the Atlantic Ocean to the west . The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos . It contains 54 fully recognized sovereign states ( countries ), nine territories and two " de facto " independent states with limited or no recognition . ___MASK40___ ( also known as Jozi , Joburg and eGoli ) is the largest city in ___MASK28___ Africa and is one ___MASK59___ the 50 largest urban areas in the world . It is the provincial capital ___MASK59___ ___MASK81___ , which is the wealthiest province in ___MASK28___ Africa . While ___MASK40___ is not one ___MASK59___ ___MASK28___ Africa ' s three capital cities , it is the seat ___MASK59___ the Constitutional Court . The city is located in the mineral - rich Witwatersrand range ___MASK59___ hills and is the centre ___MASK59___ large - scale gold and diamond trade . The Cyperaceae are a family ___MASK59___ monocotyledonous graminoid flowering plants known as sedges , which superficially resemble grasses and rushes . The family is large , with some 5 , 500 known species described in about 90 genera , the largest being the " Carex " genus ___MASK59___ " true sedges " with over 2 , 000 species . These species are widely distributed , with the centers ___MASK59___ diversity for the group occurring in tropical Asia and tropical South America . While sedges may be found growing in almost all environments , many are associated with wetlands , or with poor soils . Ecological communities dominated by sedges are known as sedgelands . ___MASK56___ , officially the Republic of ___MASK56___ ( German : ), is a country in southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean . It shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north , Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and east . Although it does not border Zimbabwe , a part of less than 200 metres of the Zambezi River ( essentially a small bulge in Botswana to achieve a Botswana / Zambia micro - border ) separates the two countries . ___MASK56___ gained independence from South Africa on 21 March 1990 , following the Namibian War of Independence . Its capital and largest city is Windhoek , and it is a member state of the United Nations ( UN ), the Southern African Development Community ( SADC ), the African Union ( AU ), and the Commonwealth of Nations . The Bantu languages , technically the Narrow Bantu languages ( as opposed to " Wide Bantu ", a loosely defined categorization which includes other Bantoid languages ), constitute a traditional branch ___MASK59___ the ___MASK19___  Congo languages . There are about 250 Bantu languages by the criterion ___MASK59___ mutual intelligibility , though the distinction between language and dialect is often unclear , and " Ethnologue " counts 535 languages . Bantu languages are spoken largely east and south ___MASK59___ present - day ___MASK63___ , that is , in the regions commonly known as Central ___MASK85___ , Southeast ___MASK85___ , and Southern ___MASK85___ . Parts ___MASK59___ the Bantu area include languages from other language families ( see map ). ___MASK34___ ( US English , UK English or ) is ___MASK43___ ' s southernmost continent . It contains the geographic South Pole and is situated in the Antarctic region ___MASK59___ the Southern Hemisphere , almost entirely south ___MASK59___ the Antarctic Circle , and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean . At , it is the fifth - largest continent . For comparison , ___MASK34___ is nearly twice the size ___MASK59___ ___MASK89___ . About 98 % ___MASK59___ ___MASK34___ is covered by ice that averages in thickness , which extends to all but the northernmost reaches ___MASK59___ the Antarctic Peninsula . ___MASK72___ is a low - density forest forming open habitats with plenty of sunlight and limited shade . ___MASK97___ may support an understory of shrubs and herbaceous plants including grasses . ___MASK72___ may form a transition to shrubland under drier conditions or during early stages of primary or secondary succession . Higher density areas of trees with a largely closed canopy that provides extensive and nearly continuous shade are referred to as forests . Southern ___MASK85___ is the southernmost region ___MASK59___ the African continent , variably defined by geography or geopolitics , and including several countries . The term " southern ___MASK85___ " or " Southern ___MASK85___ ", generally includes ___MASK46___ , Botswana , ___MASK14___ , ___MASK79___ , Mozambique , ___MASK56___ , South ___MASK85___ , ___MASK75___ , Zambia , and Zimbabwe . From a political perspective the region is said to be unipolar with South ___MASK85___ as a first regional power . Shrubland , scrubland , scrub or brush is a plant community characterised by vegetation dominated by shrubs , often also including grasses , herbs , and geophytes . Shrubland may either occur naturally or be the result ___MASK59___ human activity . It may be the mature vegetation type in a particular region and remain stable over ___MASK90___ , or a transitional community that occurs temporarily as the result ___MASK59___ a disturbance , such as fire . A stable state may be maintained by regular natural disturbance such as fire or browsing . Shrubland may be unsuitable for human habitation because ___MASK59___ the danger ___MASK59___ fire . The term " shrubland " was first coined in 1903 . Juncaceae is a family ___MASK59___ flowering plants , commonly known as rush family . It consists ___MASK59___ eight genera and about 464 known species ___MASK59___ slow - growing , rhizomatous , herbaceous monocotyledonous plants that may superficially resemble grasses and sedges . They often grow on infertile soils in a wide range ___MASK59___ moisture conditions . The best - known and largest genus is " Juncus ". ___MASK66___ ___MASK59___ the " Juncus " species grow exclusively in wetland habitats . A few rushes are annuals , but ___MASK66___ are perennials . The ___MASK94___ is the second largest of the world ' s oceans with a total area of about . It covers approximately 20 percent of the Earth ' s surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area . It separates the " Old World " from the " New World ". ___MASK43___ , otherwise known as the world , is the third planet from the Sun and the only object in the Universe known to harbor life . It is the densest planet in the Solar System and the largest ___MASK59___ the four terrestrial planets . The number and type ___MASK59___ plants , how leafy they are , and how healthy they are . In places where foliage is dense and plants are growing quickly , the index is high , represented in dark green . Regions where few plants grow have a low vegetation index , shown in tan . The index is based on measurements taken by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ( MODIS ) on NASA  s Terra satellite . Areas where the satellite did not collect data are gray . A habitat is an ecological or environmental area that is inhabited by a particular species ___MASK59___ animal , plant , or other type ___MASK59___ organism . The term typically refers to the zone in which the organism lives and where it can find food , shelter , protection and mates for reproduction . It is the natural environment in which an organism lives , or the physical environment that surrounds a species population . The ___MASK26___ Ocean is the third largest of the world ' s oceanic divisions , covering ( approximately 20 % of the water on the Earth ' s surface ). It is bounded by Asia on the north , on the west by Africa , on the east by Australia , and on the south by the Southern Ocean or , depending on definition , by Antarctica . It is named after the country of ___MASK77___ . The ___MASK26___ Ocean is known as " Ratnkara ", "" the mine of gems "" in ancient Sanskrit literature , and as " Hind Mahsgar ", "" the great ___MASK26___ sea "", in Hindi . The Eastern Hemisphere is a geographical term for the half ___MASK59___ the earth that is ___MASK2___ ___MASK59___ the prime ___MASK48___ ( which crosses Greenwich , England ) and west ___MASK59___ the antimeridian . It is also used to refer to Europe , Asia , Africa , and Australia , in contrast with the Western Hemisphere , which includes North and South America . This hemisphere may also be called the " Oriental Hemisphere ". In addition , it may be used in a cultural or geopolitical sense as a synonym for the " Old World ". The Witwatersrand aka The Reef , is a 56 - kilometre - long ___MASK15___ - facing scarp in the ___MASK81___ Province of South Africa . It consists of a hard , erosion - resistant quartzite sedimentary rock , over which several ___MASK15___ - flowing rivers form waterfalls , which account for the name  Witwatersrand , meaning the  ridge of white waters  in Afrikaans . This east  west - running scarp can be traced with only one short gap from Bedfordview ( about 10 km west of O . R . Tambo International Airport ) in the east , through Johannesburg and Roodepoort , to Krugersdorp in the west ( see the diagram bottom - left below ). Sub - Saharan ___MASK85___ is , geographically , the area ___MASK59___ the continent ___MASK59___ ___MASK85___ that lies south ___MASK59___ the Sahara desert . According to the UN , it consists ___MASK59___ all African countries that are fully or partially located south ___MASK59___ the Sahara . It contrasts with North ___MASK85___ , whose territories are part ___MASK59___ the League ___MASK59___ Arab states within the Arab world . ___MASK61___ , Djibouti , Comoros and Mauritania are geographically in Sub - Saharan ___MASK85___ , but are likewise Arab states and part ___MASK59___ the Arab world . The Old World consists ___MASK59___ Africa , ___MASK80___ , and Asia , regarded collectively as the part ___MASK59___ the world known to Europeans before contact with the Americas . It is used in the context ___MASK59___ , and contrast with , the New World ( Americas ). ___MASK14___ , officially the Kingdom of ___MASK14___ , is an enclaved , landlocked country in southern Africa completely surrounded by South Africa . It is just over in size and has a population slightly over two million . Its capital and largest city is Maseru . Delta Park is one ___MASK59___ the biggest parks in ___MASK40___ , South Africa . It is adjacent to the suburbs ___MASK59___ Blairgowrie and Victory Park . It comprises 108 hectares ___MASK59___ grassland and ___MASK72___ , and three tree - lined dams . It has walking trails , a `` sensory trail '' and bird watching hides . It incorporates the Florence Bloom Bird Sanctuary and the Delta Environmental Centre . The latter offers wildlife - related courses to adults and children , including holiday programmes ; about 20 000 children take part in the programmes every year . An ecosystem is a community ___MASK59___ living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components ___MASK59___ their environment ( things like air , water and mineral soil ), interacting as a system . These biotic and abiotic components are regarded as linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows . As ecosystems are defined by the network ___MASK59___ interactions among organisms , and between organisms and their environment , they can be ___MASK59___ any size but usually encompass specific , limited spaces ( although some scientists say that the entire planet is an ecosystem ). Secondary succession is one ___MASK59___ the two types ___MASK59___ ecological succession ___MASK59___ plant life . As opposed to the first , primary succession , secondary succession is a process started by an event ( e . g . forest fire , harvesting , hurricane ) that reduces an already established ecosystem ( e . g . a forest or a wheat field ) to a smaller population ___MASK59___ species , and as such secondary succession occurs on preexisting soil whereas primary succession usually occurs in a place lacking soil . ___MASK42___ , officially the Republic of ___MASK42___ , is a landlocked country located in Southern Africa . The citizens refer to themselves as " Batswana " ( singular : " Motswana "). Formerly the British protectorate of Bechuanaland , ___MASK42___ adopted its new name after becoming independent within the Commonwealth on 30 September 1966 . Since then , it has maintained a strong tradition of stable representative democracy , with a consistent record of uninterrupted democratic elections . Poaceae or Gramineae is a large and nearly ubiquitous family ___MASK59___ monocotyledonous flowering plants known as grasses . Poaceae includes the cereal grasses , bamboos and the grasses ___MASK59___ natural grassland and cultivated lawns ( turf ) and pasture . Grasses have stems that are hollow except at the nodes and narrow alternate leaves borne in two ranks . The lower part ___MASK59___ each leaf encloses the stem , forming a leaf - sheath . With ca 780 genera and around 12 , 000 species , Poaceae are the fifth - largest , following the Asteraceae , Orchidaceae , Fabaceae and Rubiaceae . Multiracial is defined as made up ___MASK59___ or relating to people ___MASK59___ many races . Many terms exist for people ___MASK59___ various multiracial backgrounds . While some ___MASK59___ the terms used in the past are considered insulting and offensive , there are many socially acceptable modern terms that multiracial people identify with . These include " mixed - race " ( or simply " mixed "), " biracial ", " multiracial ", " métis ", " mestizo ", " mulatto ", " dougla ", and " pardo ".