date_of_death archie cochrane
Archibald Leman Cochrane ( ___MASK67___ ___MASK3___  ___MASK97___ ) was a Scottish doctor noted for his book " Effectiveness and Efficiency : Random Reflections on Health Services ". This book advocated for the use of randomized control trials to make medicine more effective and efficient . His advocacy of randomized controlled trials eventually led to the development of the Cochrane Library database of systematic reviews , the establishment of the UK Cochrane Centre in Oxford and the international Cochrane Collaboration . The Cochrane Library ( named after Archie Cochrane ) is a collection of databases in medicine and other healthcare specialties provided by Cochrane and other organizations . At its core is the collection of Cochrane Reviews , a database of systematic reviews and meta - analyses which summarize and interpret the results of medical research . The Cochrane Library aims to make the results of well - conducted controlled trials readily available and is a key resource in evidence - based medicine . Oxford is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire . With a population of ___MASK78___ , 994 it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom , and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse . The city is situated from London , from Bristol , from both Southampton and Birmingham and from Reading . Southampton , on the south coast of England , is the largest city in the ceremonial county of Hampshire . It is south - west of London and north - west of Portsmouth . Southampton is a major port and the closest city to the New Forest . It lies at the northernmost point of Southampton Water at the confluence of the Rivers Test and Itchen , with the River Hamble joining to the south of the urban area . The city , which is a unitary authority , has an estimated population of ___MASK98___ , 651 . The city ' s name is sometimes abbreviated in writing to " So ' ton " or " Soton ", and a resident of Southampton is called a . Bristol is a city , unitary authority area and county in South West England with an estimated population of ___MASK93___ , 300 in 2016 . It is England ' s sixth and the United Kingdom ' s eighth most populous city , and the most populous city in Southern England after London . The city borders the Unitary Authority areas of North Somerset and South Gloucestershire , with the historic cities of Bath and Gloucester to the south - east and north - east , respectively . Archibald Leman Cochrane ( ___MASK72___ -- 1988 ) was a Scottish doctor noted for his book Effectiveness and Efficiency : Random Reflections on Health Services . This book advocated for the use of randomized control trials to make medicine more effective and efficient . His advocacy of randomized controlled trials eventually led to the development of the Cochrane Library database of systematic reviews , the establishment of the UK Cochrane Centre in Oxford and the international Cochrane Collaboration . Birmingham is a major city and metropolitan borough of West Midlands , England . It is the largest and most populous British city outside London , with a population in ___MASK26___ of ___MASK99___ , ___MASK33___ , ___MASK39___ . The city is in the West Midlands Built - up Area , the third most populous urban area in the United Kingdom , with a population of 2 , 440 , 986 at the 2011 census . Birmingham ' s metropolitan area is the second most populous in the UK with a population of 3 . 8 million . This also makes Birmingham the 9th most populous metropolitan area in Europe .