country_of_citizenship aulis sallinen
Järvenpää is a town and municipality of ___MASK90___ . History . Järvenpää was separated from its parent community Tuusula in 1951 . Järvenpää was granted the status of a market town ( kauppala ) after the separation . Neighbouring districts Kellokoski and Nummenkylä were not added to the municipality of Järvenpää and the controversy over the issue still raises blood pressure fifty years later . In the event , Kellokoski remained part of the municipality of Tuusula . Järvenpää was granted full legal town ( kaupunki ) status in 1967 . Bluegrass music is a form of ___MASK21___ roots music , and a related genre of country music . Influenced by the music of Appalachia , bluegrass has mixed roots in Irish , Scottish and English traditional music , and was also later influenced by the music of African - Americans through incorporation of jazz elements . Joonas Kokkonen ( November 13 , 1921  October 2 , 1996 ) was a Finnish composer . He was one of the most internationally famous Finnish composers of the 20th century after Sibelius ; his opera " The Last Temptations " has received over 500 performances worldwide , and is considered by many to be ___MASK90___ ' s most distinguished national opera . Aulis Sallinen ( born April 9 , 1935 ) is a Finnish contemporary classical music composer . His music has been variously described as `` remorselessly harsh '' , a `` beautifully crafted amalgam of several 20th - century styles '' , and `` neo - romantic '' . Sallinen studied at the Sibelius Academy , where his teachers included Joonas Kokkonen . He has had works commissioned by the Kronos Quartet , and has also written 6 operas , 8 symphonies , concertos for violin , cello , flute , horn and English horn as well as several chamber works . He won the Nordic Council Music Prize in 1978 for his opera Ratsumies ( The Horseman ) . The Sibelius Academy is part of the University of the Arts Helsinki and a university - level music school which operates in Helsinki and Kuopio , ___MASK90___ . It also has an adult education centre in Järvenpää and a training centre in Seinäjoki . The Academy is the only music university in ___MASK90___ . It is among the biggest European music universities with roughly 1 , 700 enrolled students . Helsinki is the capital and largest city of ___MASK90___ . It is in the region of Uusimaa , in southern ___MASK90___ , on the shore of the Gulf of ___MASK90___ . Helsinki has a population of , an urban population of 1 , 214 , 210 , and a metropolitan population of over 1 . 4 million , making it the most populous municipality and urban area in ___MASK90___ . Helsinki is located some north of Tallinn , Estonia , east of Stockholm , Sweden , and west of Saint Petersburg , Russia . Helsinki has close historical connections with these three cities . Kuopio is a city and a municipality located in the region of Northern Savonia , ___MASK90___ . A population of makes it the eighth biggest city in the country . The city has a total area of , of which is water and half forest . The population density is only , but the city ' s urban areas are populated very densely ( urban area : 1 618 / km² ), nationally second only to capital Helsinki ( urban area : 1 , 690 . 0 / km² ). The Kronos Quartet is an ___MASK21___ string quartet based in San Francisco . They have been in existence with a rotating membership of musicians for over forty years . The quartet specializes in contemporary classical music , with more than 750 works having been written for them . ___MASK90___ , officially the Republic of ___MASK90___ , is a sovereign state in Northern Europe . A peninsula with the Gulf of ___MASK90___ to the south and the Gulf of Bothnia to the west , the country has land borders with Sweden to the northwest , Norway to the north , and Russia to the east . Estonia is south of the country across the Gulf of ___MASK90___ . ___MASK90___ is a Nordic country situated in the geographical region of Fennoscandia , which also includes Scandinavia . ___MASK90___ ' s population is 5 . 5 million ( 2014 ), staying roughly on the same level over the past two decades . The majority of the population is concentrated in the southern region . In terms of area , it is the eighth largest country in Europe and the most sparsely populated country in the European Union . Opera ( English plural : " operas "; Italian plural : " opere " ) is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text ( libretto ) and musical score , usually in a theatrical setting . In traditional opera , singers do two types of singing : recitative , a speech - inflected style and arias , a more melodic style . Opera incorporates many of the elements of spoken theatre , such as acting , scenery , and costumes and sometimes includes dance . The performance is typically given in an opera house , accompanied by an orchestra or smaller musical ensemble , which since the early 19th century has been led by a conductor . The Nordic Council is a geo - political inter - parliamentary forum for co - operation between the Nordic countries . It was formed after the Second World War in 1952 to promote co - operation between the five Nordic countries . Its first concrete result was the introduction in 1952 of a common labour market and free movement across borders without passports for the countries ' citizens . Seinäjoki is a city located in Southern Ostrobothnia , ___MASK90___ . Seinäjoki originated around the Östermyra bruk iron and gunpowder factories founded in 1798 . Seinäjoki became a municipality in 1868 , market town in 1931 and town in 1960 . In 2005 , the municipality of Peräseinäjoki was merged into Seinäjoki , and in the beginning of 2009 , the neighbouring municipalities of Nurmo and Ylistaro were consolidated with Seinäjoki . Jazz is a music genre that originated amongst African Americans in New Orleans , United States , in the late 19th and early 20th centuries . Since the 1920s jazz age , jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression . It emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles , all linked by the common bonds of African ___MASK21___ and European ___MASK21___ musical parentage with a performance orientation . Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes , call and response vocals , polyrhythms and improvisation . Jazz has roots in West African cultural and musical expression , and in African - ___MASK21___ music traditions including blues and ragtime , as well as European military band music . Although the foundation of jazz is deeply rooted within the Black experience of the United States , different cultures have contributed their own experience and styles to the art form as well . Intellectuals around the world have hailed jazz as " one of America ' s original art forms ". Rock music is a genre of popular music that originated as " rock and roll " in the United States in the 1950s , and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later , particularly in the ___MASK72___ and the United States . It has its roots in 1940s ' and 1950s ' rock and roll , itself heavily influenced by blues , rhythm and blues and country music . Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk , and incorporated influences from jazz , classical and other musical sources . The Nordic countries or Nordics are a geographical and cultural region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic , where they are most commonly known as Norden ( lit ., " The North "). They consist of ___MASK98___ , ___MASK90___ , Iceland , Norway , and Sweden , including their associated territories ( Greenland , the Faroe Islands , and the Åland Islands ). The violin is a wooden string instrument in the violin family . It is the smallest and highest - pitched instrument in the family in regular use . Smaller violin - type instruments are known , including the violino piccolo and the kit violin , but these are virtually unused in the 2010s . The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths , and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings , though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers ( pizzicato ). Violins are important instruments in a wide variety of musical genres . They are most prominent in the Western classical tradition and in many varieties of folk music . They are also frequently used in genres of folk including country music and bluegrass music and in jazz . Electric violins are used in some forms of rock music ; further , the violin has come to be played in many non - Western music cultures , including Indian music and Iranian music . The violin is sometimes informally called a fiddle , particularly in Irish traditional music and bluegrass , but this nickname is also used regardless of the type of music played on it . A tradition is a belief or behavior passed down within a group or society with symbolic meaning or special significance with origins in the past . Common examples include holidays or impractical but socially meaningful clothes ( like lawyers ' wigs or military officers ' spurs ), but the idea has also been applied to social norms such as greetings . Traditions can persist and evolve for thousands of years  the word " tradition " itself derives from the Latin " tradere " or " traderer " literally meaning to transmit , to hand over , to give for safekeeping . While it is commonly assumed that traditions have ancient history , many traditions have been invented on purpose , whether that be political or cultural , over short periods of time . Various ___MASK94___ disciplines also use the word in a variety of ways . A music school is an educational institution specialized in the study , training and research of music . Such an institution can also be known as a " school of music ", " music academy ", " music faculty ", " college of music ", " music department " ( of a larger institution ), " conservatory " or " conservatoire ". Instruction includes training in the performance of musical instruments , singing , musical composition , conducting , musicianship , as well as ___MASK94___ and research fields such as musicology , music history and music theory . The violin family of musical instruments was developed in ___MASK88___ in the 16th century . At the time the name of this family of instruments was violas da braccio which was used to distinguish them from the viol family ( violas " da gamba "). The standard modern violin family consists of the violin , viola , cello , and double bass .