occupation marc ewing
Linux ( pronounced or , less frequently ) is a Unix - like ___MASK5___ operating system assembled under the ___MASK23___ of free and open - source software development and distribution . The defining component of Linux is the Linux kernel , an operating system kernel first released on September 17 , 1991 by Linus Torvalds . The Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU / Linux to describe the operating system , which has led to some controversy . The Linux kernel is a monolithic Unix - like ___MASK5___ operating system kernel . The Linux operating system is based on this kernel and deployed on both traditional ___MASK5___ systems such as personal computers and servers , usually in the form of Linux distributions , and on various embedded devices such as routers , wireless access points , PBXes , set - top boxes , FTA receivers , smart TVs , PVRs and NAS appliances . The Android operating system for tablet computers , smartphones and smartwatches is also based atop the Linux kernel . While the adoption on desktop computers is low , Linux - based operating systems dominate nearly every other segment of computing , from mobile devices to mainframes . , all but two of the world ' s 500 most powerful supercomputers run Linux . The other two run AIX on IBM power 7 hardware . Red Hat , Inc . is an American multinational software company providing open - source software products to the enterprise community . Founded in 1993 , Red Hat has its corporate headquarters in Raleigh , North Carolina , with satellite offices worldwide . Open - source software ( OSS ) is ___MASK5___ software with its source code made available with a license in which the copyright holder provides the rights to study , change , and distribute the software to anyone and for any purpose . Open - source software may be developed in a collaborative public manner . According to scientists who studied it , open - source software is a prominent example of open collaboration . Unix ( trademarked as UNIX ) is a family of multitasking , multiuser ___MASK5___ operating systems that derive from the original AT & T Unix , developed starting in the 1970s at the Bell Labs ___MASK90___ center by Ken Thompson , Dennis Ritchie , and others . sed (" stream ___MASK68___ ") is a Unix utility that parses and transforms text , using a simple , compact programming language . sed was developed from 1973 to 1974 by Lee E . McMahon of Bell Labs , and is available today for most operating systems . sed was based on the scripting features of the interactive ___MASK68___ ed (" ___MASK68___ ", 1971 ) and the earlier qed (" quick ___MASK68___ ", 1965  66 ). sed was one of the earliest tools to support regular expressions , and remains in use for text processing , most notably with the substitution command . Other options for doing " stream editing " include AWK and Perl . GNU is an operating system and an extensive collection of ___MASK5___ software . GNU is composed wholly of free software , most of which is licensed under the GNU Project ' s own GPL . An operating system ( OS ) is system software that manages ___MASK5___ hardware and software resources and provides common services for ___MASK5___ programs . All ___MASK5___ programs , excluding firmware , require an operating system to function . Free and open - source software ( FOSS ) is ___MASK5___ software that can be classified as both free software and open - source software . That is , anyone is freely licensed to use , copy , study , and change the software in any way , and the source code is openly shared so that people are encouraged to voluntarily improve the design of the software . This is in contrast to proprietary software , where the software is under restrictive copyright and the source code is usually hidden from the users . Linus Benedict Torvalds ( born December 28 , 1969 ) is a Finnish software ___MASK21___ who is the creator and , for a long time , principal developer , of the Linux kernel ; which became the kernel for operating systems such as the Linux operating system , Android and Chrome OS . He also created the distributed revision control system Git and the diving logging and planning software Subsurface . He was honored , along with Shinya Yamanaka , with the 2012 Millennium Technology Prize by the Technology Academy Finland " in recognition of his creation of a new open source operating system for computers leading to the widely used Linux kernel ". He is also the recipient of the 2014 IEEE Computer Society Computer Pioneer Award . The Free Software Foundation ( FSF ) is a 501 ( c )( 3 ) non - profit organization founded by Richard Stallman on 4 October 1985 to support the free software movement , which promotes the universal freedom to study , distribute , create , and modify ___MASK5___ software , with the organization ' s preference for software being distributed under copyleft (" share alike ") terms , such as with its own GNU ___MASK75___ Public License . The FSF was incorporated in Massachusetts , USA , where it is also based . ___MASK5___ software , or simply software , is that part of a ___MASK5___ system that consists of encoded information or ___MASK5___ instructions , in contrast to the physical hardware from which the system is built . Marc Ewing ( born May 9 , 1969 ) is the ___MASK26___ and originator of the Red Hat brand of software , most notably the Red Hat range of Linux operating system distributions . He was involved in the 86open project in the mid - 90s . Ewing graduated from Carnegie Mellon University in 1992 . While at CMU , he was known to wear a red hat as he walked between classes . Because of his computer expertise , people would ask for help from the `` man in the red hat '' . Ewing and co - founder Bob Young named their initial software after the hat , and the name Red Hat stuck . At the height of the dot com bubble in 1999 , Ewing was briefly worth over 900 million dollars .