located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity emsland test facility
Transrapid is a German developed high - speed monorail train using magnetic levitation . Planning for the Transrapid system started in 1969 with a test facility for the system in ___MASK79___ , ___MASK42___ completed in 1987 . In 1991 , technical readiness for application was approved by the Deutsche Bundesbahn in cooperation with renowned universities . ___MASK84___ ___MASK19___ - Westphalia (, commonly shortened to NRW ) is the ___MASK6___ populous state of Germany , with a population of approximately 18 million , and the fourth largest by area . Its capital is ___MASK33___ ; the ___MASK6___ populous city is Cologne . Four of Germany ' s ten largest cities  Cologne , ___MASK33___ , Dortmund , and ___MASK63___  are located within the state , as well as the largest metropolitan area on the European continent , ___MASK19___ - Ruhr . ___MASK82___ is a German state (" Bundesland ") situated in northwestern ___MASK42___ and is second in area , with , and fourth in population ( 8 million ) among the sixteen " Länder " of ___MASK42___ . In rural areas Northern Low Saxon , a dialect of Low German , and ___MASK28___ Frisian , a variety of Frisian , are still spoken , but the number of speakers is declining . ___MASK53___ is the largest city in the German federal State of North ___MASK19___ - Westphalia and the fourth - largest city in Germany ( after Berlin , ___MASK72___ , and Munich ). It is located within the ___MASK19___ - Ruhr metropolitan region , one of the major European metropolitan regions and the largest in Germany , with more than ten million inhabitants . The ___MASK46___ is the main constituent country ___MASK13___ the Kingdom ___MASK13___ the ___MASK46___ . It is a densely populated country located in Western ___MASK5___ with three island territories in the ___MASK37___ . The European part ___MASK13___ the ___MASK46___ borders Germany to the east , Belgium to the south , and the North Sea to the northwest , sharing maritime borders with Belgium , the United Kingdom , and Germany . The largest cities in the ___MASK46___ are Amsterdam , Rotterdam , The Hague and Utrecht . Amsterdam is the country ' s capital , while The Hague holds the Dutch seat ___MASK13___ government and parliament . The name " Holland " is used to refer informally to the whole ___MASK13___ the country ___MASK13___ the ___MASK46___ . ___MASK27___ is the capital and the largest city ___MASK13___ ___MASK42___ as well as one ___MASK13___ its constituent 16 states . With a population ___MASK13___ approximately 3 . 5 million people , ___MASK27___ is the second ___MASK6___ populous city proper and the seventh ___MASK6___ populous urban area in the ___MASK96___ . Located in northeastern ___MASK42___ on the banks ___MASK13___ rivers Spree and Havel , it is the centre ___MASK13___ the ___MASK27___ - Brandenburg Metropolitan Region , which has about 6 million residents from more than 180 nations . Due to its location in the European Plain , ___MASK27___ is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate . Around one - third ___MASK13___ the city ' s area is composed ___MASK13___ forests , parks , gardens , rivers and ___MASK21___ . ___MASK5___ is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia . ___MASK5___ is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north , the Atlantic Ocean to the ___MASK26___ , and the Mediterranean Sea to the south . To the ___MASK41___ and southeast , ___MASK5___ is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains , the Ural ___MASK73___ , the Caspian and Black Seas , and the waterways of the Turkish Straits . Yet the non - oceanic borders of ___MASK5___  a concept dating back to classical antiquity  are arbitrary . The primarily physiographic term " continent " as applied to ___MASK5___ also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent ' s current overland boundaries . The ___MASK79___ Transrapid Test Facility ( German : Transrapid - Versuchsanlage ___MASK79___ , TVE ) is a testing site for Transrapid maglev trains in ___MASK79___ , ___MASK42___ . The single track line runs between Dörpen and Lathen . Turning loops are at each end . The track is elevated for almost its entire length to allow continued farming and grazing of the land occupied . Until the 2006 Lathen maglev train accident , the trains often carried paying passengers , possibly to `` show off '' the maglev . They regularly ran at up to 420 km / h . All runs , including those with passengers , were fully monitored , with the last car in the three car trains filled with monitoring computers and engineers . Construction of the facility began in 1980 and was completed in 1984 . In 2006 23 people were killed in the Lathen maglev train accident on the track , involving a Transrapid passenger train and a maintenance vehicle . The accident was discovered to have been caused by human failure in implementing safety and checking protocols . At the end of 2011 , the operation license has expired , and the test track was closed . In early 2012 , the demolition and reconversion of all the ___MASK79___ site , including the tracks and factory , was approved . The Deutsche Bundesbahn or DB ( German Federal Railway ) was formed as the state railway ___MASK13___ the newly established Federal Republic ___MASK13___ ___MASK42___ ( FRG ) on 7 September 1949 as a successor ___MASK13___ the Deutsche Reichsbahn - Gesellschaft ( DRG ). The DB remained the state railway ___MASK13___ West ___MASK42___ until after German reunification , when it was merged with the former East German Deutsche Reichsbahn ( DR ) to form Deutsche Bahn AG , which came into existence on 1 January 1994 . ___MASK33___ ( Low Franconian , Ripuarian : " Düsseldörp " ) is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine - Westphalia and the seventh most populous city in Germany . ___MASK33___ is an international business and financial centre , renowned for its fashion and trade fairs . The city is headquarters to one Fortune Global 500 and two ___MASK44___ companies . Messe ___MASK33___ organises nearly one fifth of premier trade shows . ___MASK66___ ( Swabian : " Schduagert "), often nicknamed the "" Schwabenmetropole "" in reference to its location in the ___MASK90___ of Swabia and the local dialect spoken by some natives , is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden - Württemberg . It is located on the Neckar ___MASK73___ in a fertile valley locally known as the " Stuttgarter Kessel " an hour from the Swabian Jura and the Black Forest . ___MASK66___ ' s name comes from the Old High German word "" Stuogarten "," or " stud farm "  a reference to the city ' s founding in 950 AD as a stud farm . ___MASK66___  s urban area has a population of 623 , 738 , and a further making it the sixth largest city in Germany , 2 . 7 million people live in the city  s administrative region , and another 5 . 3 million people in its metropolitan area , making it the fourth largest metropolitan area in Germany . ___MASK59___ ( also in British English ) is the capital and largest city ___MASK13___ the German state ___MASK13___ ___MASK15___ , on the banks ___MASK13___ River Isar north ___MASK13___ the Bavarian Alps . ___MASK59___ is the third largest city in Germany , after Berlin and Hamburg , and the 12th biggest city ___MASK13___ the European Union , with a population ___MASK13___ above 1 . 5 million . The ___MASK59___ Metropolitan Region is home to 5 . 8 million people . The ___MASK96___ ( EU ) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe . It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million . The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states . EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people , goods , services , and capital within the internal market , enact legislation in justice and home affairs , and maintain common policies on trade , agriculture , fisheries , and regional development . Within the Schengen Area , passport controls have been abolished . A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002 , and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency . ___MASK72___ ( local pronunciation ; Low German / Low Saxon : " Hamborg " ), officially " Freie und Hansestadt ___MASK72___ " ( Free and Hanseatic City of ___MASK72___ ), is the second largest city in Germany and the eighth largest city in the ___MASK96___ . It is the second smallest German state by area . Its population is over 1 . 7 million people , and the wider ___MASK72___ Metropolitan Region covers more than 5 . 1 million inhabitants . The city is situated on the ___MASK73___ Elbe . ___MASK77___ am Main is a metropolis and the largest city in the German state ___MASK13___ ___MASK75___ and the fifth - largest city in Germany , with a 2015 population ___MASK13___ 731 , 095 within its administrative boundaries , and 2 . 3 million in its urban area . The city is at the centre ___MASK13___ the larger ___MASK77___ Rhine - Main Metropolitan Region , which has a population ___MASK13___ 5 . 8 million and is Germany ' s second - largest metropolitan region after Rhine - Ruhr . Since the enlargement ___MASK13___ the ___MASK96___ in 2013 , the geographic centre ___MASK13___ the EU is about to the east ___MASK13___ ___MASK77___ ' s CBD , the Bankenviertel . ___MASK77___ is culturally and ethnically diverse , with around half ___MASK13___ the population , and a majority ___MASK13___ young people , having a migration background . A quarter ___MASK13___ the population are foreign nationals , including many expatriates . The euro ( sign : €; code : EUR ) is the official currency ___MASK13___ the eurozone , which consists ___MASK13___ 19 ___MASK13___ the member states ___MASK13___ the ___MASK96___ : Austria , Belgium , Cyprus , Estonia , Finland , France , Germany , Greece , Ireland , Italy , Latvia , Lithuania , Luxembourg , Malta , the Netherlands , Portugal , Slovakia , Slovenia , and Spain . The currency is also officially used by the institutions ___MASK13___ the ___MASK96___ and four other European countries , as well as unilaterally by two others , and is consequently used daily by some 337 million Europeans . Outside ___MASK13___ Europe , a number ___MASK13___ overseas territories ___MASK13___ EU members also use the euro as their currency . ___MASK30___ is a province of the Netherlands , located in the northeast of the country . It is bordered by ___MASK86___ to the south , Friesland to the west , Groningen to the north , and Germany ( districts of Emsland and Bentheim ) to the east . In 2014 , it had a population of 488 , 957 and a total area of . Lathen is a municipality in the ___MASK79___ district , in ___MASK82___ , ___MASK42___ . It is the location of the ___MASK79___ Transrapid Test facility , a testing site for Transrapid maglev trains . Landkreis ___MASK79___ is a district in ___MASK82___ , ___MASK42___ named after the ___MASK73___ Ems . It is bounded by ( from the north and clockwise ) the districts of Leer , Cloppenburg and Osnabrück , the state of North Rhine - Westphalia ( district of Steinfurt ), the district of Bentheim and the Netherlands ( provinces of Drenthe and Groningen ). Dörpen is a municipality in the ___MASK79___ district , in ___MASK82___ , ___MASK42___ . Dörpen is the seat of the Samtgemeinde Dörpen . A republic ( from ) is a sovereign state , country , or government which is organized with a form ___MASK13___ government in which power resides in elected individuals representing the citizen body and government leaders exercise power according to the rule ___MASK13___ law . In modern times , the definition ___MASK13___ a republic commonly refers to a government which excludes a monarch . Currently , 147 ___MASK13___ the world ' s 206 sovereign states use the word " republic " as part ___MASK13___ their official names ; not all ___MASK13___ these are republics in the sense ___MASK13___ having elected governments , nor do all nations with elected governments use the word " republic " in their names . ___MASK42___ , officially the Federal Republic of ___MASK42___ , is a federal parliamentary republic in central - western Europe . It includes 16 constituent states , covers an area of , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate . With about 82 million inhabitants , ___MASK42___ is the ___MASK6___ populous member state of the ___MASK96___ . After the United States , it is the second ___MASK6___ popular immigration destination in the world . ___MASK42___ ' s capital and largest metropolis is Berlin . Other major cities include Hamburg , Munich , Cologne , Frankfurt , Stuttgart and Düsseldorf . A parliamentary republic is a republic that operates under a parliamentary system ___MASK13___ government where the executive branch ( the government ) derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature ( the parliament ). There are a number ___MASK13___ variations ___MASK13___ parliamentary republics . ___MASK6___ have a clear differentiation between the head ___MASK13___ government and the head ___MASK13___ state , with the head ___MASK13___ government holding real power , much like constitutional monarchies . Some have combined the roles ___MASK13___ head ___MASK13___ state and head ___MASK13___ government , much like presidential systems , but with a dependency upon parliamentary power .