genre axiom 
Leslie Kong ( 1933  9 August 1971 ) was an influential Chinese - Jamaican ___MASK50___ producer . A record label or record company is a brand or trademark associated with the ___MASK12___ of ___MASK97___ recordings and ___MASK97___ videos . Often , a record label is also a publishing company that manages such brands and trademarks , coordinates the production , manufacture , distribution , ___MASK12___ , promotion , and enforcement of copyright for sound recordings and ___MASK97___ videos ; conducts talent scouting and development of new artists (" artists and repertoire " or " A & R "); and maintains contracts with recording artists and their managers . The term " record label " derives from the circular label in the center of a vinyl record which prominently displays the manufacturer ' s name , along with other information . ___MASK50___ is a ___MASK97___ ___MASK93___ that originated in Jamaica in the late 1960s . The term also denotes the modern popular ___MASK97___ of Jamaica and its diaspora . A 1968 single by Toots and the Maytals " Do the Reggay " was the first popular song to use the word " reggae ," effectively naming the ___MASK93___ and introducing it to a global audience . While sometimes used in a broad sense to refer to most types of popular Jamaican dance ___MASK97___ , the term " reggae " more properly denotes a particular ___MASK97___ style that was strongly influenced by traditional mento as well as American ___MASK77___ and rhythm and blues , especially the New Orleans R & B practiced by Fats Domino and Allen Toussaint , and evolved out of the earlier genres ska and rocksteady . ___MASK50___ usually relates news , social gossip , and political comment . ___MASK50___ spread into a commercialized ___MASK77___ field , being known first as  Rudie Blues , then  Ska , later  Blue Beat , and  Rock Steady . It is instantly recognizable from the counterpoint between the bass and drum downbeat , and the offbeat rhythm section . The immediate origins of reggae were in ska and rock steady ; from the latter , reggae took over the use of the bass as a percussion instrument . Jamaica is an island ___MASK61___ situated in the Caribbean Sea , consisting of the third - largest island of the Greater Antilles . The island , in area , lies about south of Cuba , and west of Hispaniola ( the island containing the nation - states of Haiti and the Dominican Republic ). Jamaica is the fourth - largest island ___MASK61___ in the Caribbean , by area . Island Records is a Jamaican - English record label that operates as a division of the Universal ___MASK97___ Group ( UMG ). It was founded by Chris Blackwell , Graeme Goodall and Leslie Kong in Jamaica in 1959 . Blackwell sold the label to PolyGram in 1989 . Both Island and another label recently acquired byPolyGram , A & M Records , were both at the time the largest independent record labels in history , with Island in particular having exerted a major influence on the progressive UK ___MASK97___ scene in the early 1970s . Axiom was a record label founded by musician Bill Laswell in 1989 , with the support of Chris Blackwell , founder of Island Records . Axiom was an independent subdivision of Blackwell ' s Island Records , with Laswell being afforded a budget for a certain number of albums each year , basically of his own choosing . The freedom Blackwell gave Laswell gave rise to a number of studio albums and field recordings that otherwise would likely not have been made within the confines of a normal major label structure . In 1989 , Chris Blackwell sold Island Records to PolyGram , which , in 2000 , became a subsidiary of the Universal ___MASK97___ Group -- with Blackwell staying on as CEO . In 1997 , Blackwell resigned from PolyGram after struggling with what he saw as restrictive oversight of his management . Axiom was ( at that moment ) shuttered as well , with most of the catalog falling out of print since then . When Blackwell started up his new venture , Palm Pictures , Laswell and the Axiom imprint were once again reactivated . Unfortunately , Palm since scaled back its involvement in the recorded - ___MASK97___ field , effectively making Axiom dormant once again . A rumored play to buy the Axiom catalog from Universal ___MASK97___ also fizzled . Under Island ' s aegis , Axiom released Sonny Sharrock ' s Ask the Ages and Henry Threadgill ' s Too Much Sugar for a Dime , as well as records by Laswell projects such as Praxis and Material . A series of stellar world - ___MASK97___ titles were also released by Axiom , including Simon Shaheen ' s tribute to Mohammed Abdel Wahab , Shankar ' s Soul Searcher and pristine field recordings of Gnawa musicians in Morocco , Mandinka & Fulani ___MASK97___ in the Gambia and the famed Master Musicians of Jajouka in the Rif Mountains of Morocco . The major - label backing that Blackwell gave allowed Laswell to trek to these far out regions with modern equipment and make what are arguably the most pristine recordings of these ancient musics to date in their home environments . After moving to Palm Pictures , Axiom released only a handful of albums , notably by Material and the group Tabla Beat Science , which included Zakir Hussain , Ustad Sultan Khan , Bill Laswell , Karsh Kale , and others . Christopher Percy Gordon " Chris " Blackwell ( born 22 June 1937 ) is an English businessman and former record producer , and the founder of Island Records , which has been called " one of Britain ' s great independent labels ". According to the ___MASK43___ Hall of Fame , to which Blackwell was inducted in 2001 , he is " the single person most responsible for turning the world on to reggae ___MASK97___ ." PolyGram a / k / a The PolyGram Group was a Dutch owned ___MASK67___ - media company . It started as a major record label recording company founded by Philips and Siemens as a holding company for their music interests in 1979 . The name was chosen to reflect the Siemens interest Polydor Records and the Philips interest Phonogram Inc . The company traced its origins through Deutsche Grammophon back to the inventor of the flat disk gramophone , Emil Berliner . Later on , PolyGram expanded into a larger ___MASK30___ company , creating film and television divisions . In May 1998 , it was sold to Seagram which owned Universal Studios . The newly merged company became Universal Music Group . When the new company faced financial difficulties , its parent Seagram was sold in large part to Vivendi , and for a brief time , the company was known as Vivendi Universal . Vivendi is the current owner of UMG . Copyright is a legal right created by the ___MASK26___ of a country that grants the creator of an original work exclusive rights for its use and distribution . This is usually only for a limited time . The exclusive rights are not absolute but limited by limitations and exceptions to copyright ___MASK26___ , including fair use . A major limitation on copyright is that copyright protects only the original expression of ideas , and not the underlying ideas themselves . Universal ___MASK97___ Group , Inc . ( also known as Universal ___MASK97___ Group Recordings , Inc . and abbreviated as UMG ) is an American - French global ___MASK97___ corporation that is a subsidiary of the Paris - based French media conglomerate Vivendi . UMG ' s global corporate headquarters are in Santa Monica , California . The ___MASK43___ Hall of Fame and Museum is a hall of fame and museum located on the shore of Lake Erie in downtown Cleveland , Ohio , United States . The ___MASK43___ Hall of Fame Foundation was established on April 20 , 1983 , by Atlantic Records founder and chairman Ahmet Ertegun to recognize and archive the ___MASK65___ of the best - known and most influential artists , producers , engineers , and other notable figures who have had some major influence on the development of rock and roll . In 1986 , Cleveland was chosen as the hall of fame ' s permanent home . Since opening in September 1995 , the " Rock Hall "  part of the city ' s redeveloped North Coast Harbor  has hosted more than 10 million visitors and had a cumulative economic impact estimated at more than $ 1 . 8 billion .