located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity tupungato department
___MASK19___ is the capital and ___MASK66___ populous city of ___MASK57___ . The city is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata , on the South American continent ' s southeastern coast . " Buenos aires " can be translated as " fair winds " or " good airs ", but the first one was the meaning intended by the founders in the 16th century , by the use of the original name " Real de Nuestra Señora Santa María del Buen Ayre ". The Greater ___MASK19___ conurbation , which also includes several ___MASK19___ Province districts , constitutes the fourth - ___MASK66___ populous metropolitan area in the Americas , with a population of around 17 million . ___MASK58___ , officially the Federative Republic of ___MASK58___ , is the largest country in both South America and Latin America . As the world ' s fifth - largest country by both area and population , it is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas . Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east , ___MASK58___ has a coastline of . It borders all other South American countries except Ecuador and Chile and covers 47 . 3 % of the continent ' s land area . Its Amazon River basin includes a vast tropical forest , home to diverse wildlife , a variety of ecological systems , and extensive natural resources spanning numerous protected habitats . This unique environmental heritage makes ___MASK58___ one of 17 megadiverse countries , and is the subject of significant global interest and debate regarding deforestation and environmental protection . The Americas , also collectively called America , encompass the totality ___MASK17___ the continents ___MASK17___ North America and South America . Together they make up ___MASK66___ ___MASK17___ Earth ' s western hemisphere and comprise the " New World ". A stratovolcano , also known as a composite volcano , is a conical volcano built up by many layers ( strata ) ___MASK17___ hardened lava , tephra , pumice , and volcanic ash . Unlike shield volcanoes , stratovolcanoes are characterized by a steep profile and periodic explosive eruptions and effusive eruptions , although some have collapsed craters called calderas . The lava flowing from stratovolcanoes typically cools and hardens before spreading far due to high viscosity . The magma forming this lava is often felsic , having high - to - intermediate levels ___MASK17___ silica ( as in rhyolite , dacite , or andesite ), with lesser amounts ___MASK17___ less - viscous mafic magma . Extensive felsic lava flows are uncommon , but have travelled as far as . Latin America is a group ___MASK17___ countries and dependencies in the Americas where Romance languages are predominant . The term originated in 19th century ___MASK80___ as " Amérique latine " to consider French - speaking territories in the Americas ( Haiti , French Guiana , ___MASK61___ , ___MASK29___ , Saint ___MASK91___ , Saint Barthélemy ) along with the larger group ___MASK17___ countries where Spanish and Portuguese languages prevailed . It is therefore broader than the terms Ibero - America or Hispanic America  though it usually excludes French Canada and modern French ___MASK46___ . ___MASK77___ (; ), officially known as the Plurinational State of ___MASK77___ , is a landlocked country located in western - central South America . It is bordered to the north and east by Brazil , to the southeast by Paraguay , to the south by Argentina , to the southwest by Chile , and to the northwest by Peru . One - third of the country is the Andean mountain range , with one of its largest cities and principal economic centers , El Alto , located on the Altiplano . ___MASK77___ is one of two landlocked countries ( the other is Paraguay ) that lie outside Afro - Eurasia . ___MASK77___ is the largest landlocked country in the Americas . Tupungato is a department located in the province ___MASK17___ Mendoza , ___MASK57___ . The cabecera ( departmental capital ) 0f Tupungato is located approximately 70 km south ___MASK17___ Mendoza city , in the Valle de Uco . Its name comes from the Tupungato volcano ( with 6 . 570 metres , one ___MASK17___ ___MASK57___ ' s highest peaks ) with towers over the city from the Andes mountain rig . The volcano ' s name , in turn , is said to mean `` star viewpoint '' in the huarpe tongue . The department is approximately 1 . 200 metres above mean sea level , and comprises 2 . 485 km² ( 1 . 6 % ___MASK17___ the provincial total ) . According to the 2001 census ( INDEC ) , the total population ___MASK17___ the department was 28 . 539 with a density ___MASK17___ 11 . 48 inhabitants per km² . The region is mainly dependent on agricultural production , with vineyards being its most important produce , representing 30 % ___MASK17___ the planted lands . Other regional products are fruit ( mainly peach ) and garlic . The wine industry , however , is particularly relevant due to the constant investments and intensive labour occupation . Recent developments in the Argentine economy have further fuelled the Argentine wine industry , attracting foreign investors and tourists to the region in an unprecedented scale . ___MASK62___ , officially the Republic of ___MASK62___ , is a South American country occupying a long , narrow strip of land between the Andes to the ___MASK23___ and the Pacific Ocean to the west . It borders ___MASK27___ to the north , ___MASK77___ to the northeast , Argentina to the ___MASK23___ , and the Drake Passage in the far south . Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández , Salas y Gómez , Desventuradas , and Easter Island in Oceania . ___MASK62___ also claims about of Antarctica , although all claims are suspended under the Antarctic Treaty . ___MASK85___ , officially the Oriental Republic of ___MASK85___ , is a country in the southeastern region of South America . It borders ___MASK57___ to its west and Brazil to its north and east , with the Río de la Plata ( River of Silver ) to the south and with the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast . ___MASK85___ is home to an estimated 3 . 42 million people , of whom 1 . 8 million live in the metropolitan area of its capital and largest city , Montevideo . With an area of approximately , ___MASK85___ is geographically the second - smallest nation in South America , only larger in size than Suriname . Aconcagua is the highest ___MASK36___ outside Asia , at , and by extension the highest point in both the Western Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere . It is located in the Andes ___MASK36___ range , in the ___MASK22___ , Argentina , and lies 112 kilometres ( 70 mi ) northwest of its capital , the city of Mendoza . The summit is also located about 5 kilometers from San Juan Province and 15 kilometers from the international border with Chile . The ___MASK36___ itself lies entirely within Argentina and immediately east of Argentina ' s border with Chile . Its nearest higher neighbor is Tirich Mir in the Hindu Kush , away . It is one of the Seven Summits . Volcán Tupungatito is the northernmost historically active stratovolcano ___MASK17___ the southern Andes . It lies on the border between ___MASK57___ and Chile , about east ___MASK17___ Santiago , Chile , and immediately ___MASK74___ ___MASK17___ the massive Cerro Tupungato stratovolcano . Its name is a diminutive homonym , and means " Little Tupungato ". ___MASK75___ , officially the Republic ___MASK17___ ___MASK75___ , is a landlocked country in central South America , bordered by ___MASK57___ to the south and ___MASK74___ , Brazil to the east and northeast , and ___MASK77___ to the northwest . ___MASK75___ lies on both banks ___MASK17___ the ___MASK75___ River , which runs through the center ___MASK17___ the country from north to south . Due to its central location in South America , it is sometimes referred to as " Corazón de Sudamérica " (" Heart ___MASK17___ South America "). ___MASK75___ is one ___MASK17___ the two landlocked countries ( the other is ___MASK77___ ) that lie outside Afro - Eurasia . ___MASK75___ is the smallest landlocked country in the Americas . A federal capital is a political entity , often a municipality or capital city , that enjoys status as a seat ___MASK17___ government in a federal state . A federal capital is typically a city that physically encompasses the offices and meeting places ___MASK17___ its respective government , where its location and relationship to subnational states are fixed by law or federal constitution . Federal capitals may or may not be considered states in themselves , and either exercise significant political autonomy from the federation or are directly ruled by the national government located within their premises , as federal districts . Latin ( Latin : ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch ___MASK17___ the Indo - European languages . The Latin alphabet is derived from the Etruscan and Greek alphabets . Autonomous city is a type ___MASK17___ autonomous administrative division . The Pleistocene ( often colloquially referred to as the Ice Age ) is the geological epoch which lasted from about 2 , 588 , 000 to 11 , 700 years ago , spanning the world ' s ___MASK66___ recent period of repeated glaciations . The end of the Pleistocene corresponds with the end of the last glacial period and also with the end of the Paleolithic age used in archaeology . A federal republic is a federation ___MASK17___ states with a republican form ___MASK17___ government . At its core , the literal meaning ___MASK17___ the word republic when used to reference a form ___MASK17___ government means : " a country that is governed by elected representatives and by an elected leader ( such as a president ) rather than by a ___MASK81___ or queen ". The Western Hemisphere is a geographical term for the half ___MASK17___ the earth that lies ___MASK89___ ___MASK17___ the Prime ___MASK67___ ( which crosses Greenwich , UK ) and east ___MASK17___ the antimeridian , the other half being called the Eastern Hemisphere . A ___MASK36___ is a large landform that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area , usually in the form ___MASK17___ a peak . A ___MASK36___ is generally steeper than a hill . Mountains are formed through tectonic forces or volcanism . These forces can locally raise the surface ___MASK17___ the earth . Mountains erode slowly through the action ___MASK17___ rivers , weather conditions , and glaciers . A few mountains are isolated summits , but ___MASK66___ occur in huge ___MASK36___ ranges . The Drake Passage or Mar de Hoces  Sea ___MASK17___ Hoces  is the body ___MASK17___ water between South America ' s Cape Horn and the South ___MASK1___ Islands ___MASK17___ Antarctica . It connects the southwestern part ___MASK17___ the Atlantic Ocean ( Scotia Sea ) with the southeastern part ___MASK17___ the Pacific Ocean and extends into the Southern Ocean . A province is almost always an administrative division , within a country or state . The term derives from the ancient Roman " provincia ", which was the major territorial and administrative unit ___MASK17___ the ___MASK86___ ' s territorial possessions outside Italy . The term province has since been adopted by many countries , and in those with no actual provinces , it has come to mean " outside the capital city ". While some provinces were produced artificially by colonial powers , others were formed around local groups with their own ethnic identities . Many have their own powers independent ___MASK17___ federal authority , especially in Canada . In other countries , like ___MASK32___ , provinces are the creation ___MASK17___ central government , with very little autonomy . Tupungato , one ___MASK17___ the highest mountains in the Americas , is a massive Andean stratovolcano dating to Pleistocene times . It lies on the border between the Chilean Metropolitan Region ( near a major international highway about ___MASK23___ ___MASK17___ ___MASK31___ ) and the Argentine province ___MASK17___ Mendoza , about south ___MASK17___ Aconcagua , the highest peak ___MASK17___ both the Southern and Western Hemispheres . Immediately to its ___MASK74___ is the active Tupungatito volcano , which last erupted in 1987 . Southern Cone is a geographic region composed ___MASK17___ the southernmost areas ___MASK17___ South America , south ___MASK17___ and around the Tropic ___MASK17___ Capricorn . Traditionally , it covers ___MASK57___ , Chile and Uruguay , bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean , and south to the junction between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans , which is the closest continental area ___MASK17___ Antarctica ( 1000 km ). In terms ___MASK17___ social and political geography , the Southern Cone comprises ___MASK57___ , Chile , Uruguay , Southern Brazil and sometimes Paraguay . ___MASK78___ America is a continent located in the western hemisphere , mostly in the southern hemisphere , with a relatively small portion in the ___MASK2___ hemisphere . It is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas , which is the model used in nations that speak Romance languages . The reference to ___MASK78___ America instead of other regions ( like Latin America or the Southern Cone ) has increased in the last decades due to changing geopolitical dynamics ( in particular , the rise of ___MASK58___ ). ___MASK57___ , officially the Argentine Republic , is a federal republic in the southern half of South America . Sharing the bulk of the Southern Cone with its neighbor Chile to the west , the country is also bordered by ___MASK77___ and Paraguay to the north , Brazil to the northeast , Uruguay and the South Atlantic Ocean to the east , and the Drake Passage to the south . With a mainland area of , ___MASK57___ is the eighth - largest country in the world , the second largest in Latin America , and the largest Spanish - speaking one . The country is subdivided into twenty - three provinces ( singular " provincia ") and one autonomous city (" ciudad autónoma "), Buenos Aires , which is the federal capital of the nation as decided by Congress . The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions , but exist under a federal system .