country joraf
___MASK47___ , officially known as the Kingdom of ___MASK47___ ( KSA ), is an Arab sovereign state in Western Asia constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula . With a land area of approximately , ___MASK47___ is geographically the fifth - largest state in Asia and second - largest state in the Arab ___MASK60___ after ___MASK33___ . ___MASK47___ is bordered by Jordan and Iraq to the north , Kuwait to the northeast , Qatar , Bahrain , and the United Arab Emirates to the east , Oman to the southeast , and Yemen to the south . It is separated from Israel and Egypt by the Gulf of Aqaba . It is the only nation with both a Red Sea coast and a Persian Gulf coast , and most of its terrain consists of arid desert or barren landforms . Mecca or Makkah ("" ) is a city in the Hejaz region of ___MASK47___ that is also capital of the Makkah Region . The city is located inland from Jeddah in a narrow valley at a height of above sea level . Its resident population in 2012 was roughly 2 million , although visitors more than triple this number every year during the " hajj " (" pilgrimage ") period held in the twelfth Muslim lunar month of " Dhu al - Hijjah ". Jeddah ( sometimes spelled " Jiddah " or " Jedda " " Jidda " ) is a city in the Hijaz Tihamah region on the coast of the Red Sea and is the major urban center of western ___MASK47___ . It is the largest city in Makkah Province , the largest sea port on the Red Sea , and the second - largest city in ___MASK47___ after the capital city , Riyadh . With a population currently at 4 . 2 million people , Jeddah is an important commercial hub in ___MASK47___ . The Hejaz , also Al - Hijaz ("", literally " the Barrier "), is a region in the west of present - day ___MASK47___ . The region is so called as it separates the land of the Najd in the east from the land of Tihamah in the west . It is also known as the " Western Province ." It is bordered on the west by the Red Sea , on the north by ___MASK57___ , on the east by the Najd , and on the south by Asir . Its main city is Jeddah , but it is probably better known for the Islamic holy cities of Mecca and Medina . As the site of Islam ' s holiest places , the Hejaz has significance in the Arab and Islamic historical and political landscape . The Makkah Region or Mecca Region ("") is the most populous region ( mintaqah ) in ___MASK47___ . It is located in western ___MASK47___ and has an extended coastline . It has an area of 153 , 128 km² and a population of 6 , 915 , 006 ( 2010 census ). Its capital is Mecca ( also transliterated as Makkah ), the holiest city in Islam , and its largest city is Jeddah , which is also ___MASK47___ ' s main port city . The third major city is Taif . Joraf is a city that was about 5 kilometers from Mecca in the 8th century . It was known for its large and varied fruit market . It was in this location that Usama ' s dispatchment was waiting for Umar and the others . The Hajj ("" " pilgrimage ") is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca , the most holy city of the Muslims , and a mandatory religious duty for Muslims that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by all adult Muslims who are physically and financially capable of undertaking the journey , and can support their family during their absence . It is one of the five pillars of Islam , alongside Shahadah , Salat , Zakat , and Sawm . The Hajj is the largest annual gathering of people in the ___MASK60___ . The state of being physically and financially capable of performing the Hajj is called " istita ' ah ", and a Muslim who fulfills this condition is called a " mustati ". The Hajj is a demonstration of the solidarity of the Muslim people , and their submission to God ( Allah ). The word Hajj means " to intend a journey ", which connotes both the outward act of a journey and the inward act of intentions .