located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity crow river 
Arthur ' s Pass ___MASK94___ is located in the ___MASK33___ ___MASK76___ New Zealand . The ___MASK7___ is the largest ___MASK76___ the Earth ' s oceanic divisions . It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean ( or , depending on definition , to Antarctica ) in the south and is bounded by Asia and ___MASK2___ in the west and the Americas in the ___MASK58___ . In hillslope geomorphology , a rill is a shallow channel ( no more than a few tens ___MASK76___ centimetres deep ) cut into soil by the erosive action ___MASK76___ flowing water . Similar but smaller incised channels are known as microrills ; larger incised channels are known as gullies . The Southern Alps ( Mori : K Tiritiri o te Moana ) are a ___MASK6___ range extending along much ___MASK76___ the length ___MASK76___ New Zealand ' s ___MASK33___ , reaching its greatest elevations near the island ' s western side . The term " Southern Alps " generally refers to the entire range , although separate names are given to many ___MASK76___ the smaller ranges that form part ___MASK76___ it . A watercourse is the channel that a flowing body ___MASK76___ water follows . In the UK , some aspects ___MASK76___ criminal law such as The Rivers ( Prevention ___MASK76___ Pollution ) Act 1951 specify that a watercourse includes those rivers which are dry for part ___MASK76___ the year . An ocean ( the sea ___MASK76___ classical antiquity ) is a body ___MASK76___ saline water that composes much ___MASK76___ a planet ' s hydrosphere . On Earth , an ocean is one ___MASK76___ the major conventional divisions ___MASK76___ the World Ocean , which covers almost 71 % ___MASK76___ its surface . These are , in descending order by area , the Pacific , Atlantic , ___MASK97___ , Southern ( Antarctic ), and Arctic Oceans . The word " sea " is often used interchangeably with " ocean " in American English but , strictly speaking , a sea is a body ___MASK76___ saline water ( generally a division ___MASK76___ the world ocean ) partly or fully enclosed by land . A lake is an area ___MASK76___ variable size filled with water , localized in a basin , that is surrounded by land , apart from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake . ___MASK81___ lie on land and are not part ___MASK76___ the ocean , and therefore are distinct from lagoons , and are also larger and deeper than ponds , though there are no official or scientific definitions . ___MASK81___ can be contrasted with rivers or streams , which are usually flowing . Most ___MASK81___ are fed and drained by rivers and streams . The Waimakariri ___MASK54___ , formerly briefly known as the Courtenay ___MASK54___ , is one ___MASK76___ the largest ___MASK76___ the North Canterbury rivers , in the ___MASK33___ ___MASK76___ New Zealand . It flows for in a generally southeastward direction from the Southern Alps across the Canterbury Plains to the Pacific Ocean . In Mori , " Waimakariri " has several meanings , one ___MASK76___ which is " river ___MASK76___ cold rushing water ". The river is known colloquially in Canterbury as " The Waimak ". ___MASK92___ ( or ; Tongan : " Puleanga Fakatui o ___MASK92___ "), officially the Kingdom of ___MASK92___ , is a Polynesian sovereign state and archipelago comprising 169 islands of which 36 are inhabited . The total surface area is about scattered over of the southern Pacific Ocean . It has a population of 103 , 000 people of whom 70 % reside on the main island of Tongatapu . ___MASK65___ ((), officially the Republic of ___MASK65___ , is an island country in Melanesia in the South Pacific Ocean about northeast of New Zealand ' s North Island . Its closest neighbours are ___MASK22___ to the west , New Caledonia to the ___MASK1___ , New Zealand ' s Kermadec Islands to the southeast , Tonga to the east , the Samoas and France ' s Wallis and Futuna to the northeast , and Tuvalu to the north . New ___MASK69___ is a special collectivity of France located in the ___MASK1___ Pacific Ocean , east of Australia and east of Metropolitan France . The archipelago , part of the Melanesia subregion , includes the main island of Grande Terre , the Loyalty Islands , the Chesterfield Islands , the Belep archipelago , the Isle of Pines , and a few remote islets . The Chesterfield Islands are in the Coral Sea . Locals refer to Grande Terre as "" (" the pebble "). A ___MASK54___ is a natural flowing watercourse , usually ___MASK16___ , flowing towards an ocean , sea , lake or another ___MASK54___ . In some cases a ___MASK54___ flows into the ground and becomes dry at the end of its course without reaching another body of water . Small rivers can be referred to using names such as stream , creek , brook , rivulet , and rill . There are no official definitions for the generic term ___MASK54___ as applied to geographic features , although in some countries or communities a stream is defined by its size . Many names for small rivers are specific to geographic location ; examples are " run " in some parts of the United States , " burn " in Scotland and northeast England , and " beck " in northern England . Sometimes a ___MASK54___ is defined as being larger than a creek , but not always : the language is vague . Tectonic uplift is the portion ___MASK76___ the total geologic uplift ___MASK76___ the mean Earth surface that is not attributable to an isostatic response to unloading . While isostatic response is important , an increase in the mean elevation ___MASK76___ a region can only occur in response to tectonic processes ___MASK76___ crustal thickening ( such as mountain building events ), changes in the density distribution ___MASK76___ the crust and underlying mantle , and flexural support due to the bending ___MASK76___ rigid lithosphere . Arthur ' s Pass , previously called Camping Flat then Bealey Flats , and for some ___MASK89___ officially Arthurs Pass , is a township in the Southern Alps of the South Island of New Zealand , located in the Selwyn district . It is a popular base for exploring Arthur ' s Pass National Park . ___MASK71___ is a city in the North Island of New Zealand . It is the ___MASK93___ populous urban area in the country . ___MASK71___ has a population of , which constitutes percent of New Zealand ' s population . It is part of the wider ___MASK71___ Region  the area governed by the ___MASK71___ Council  which also includes outlying rural areas and the islands of the Hauraki Gulf , resulting in a total population of . ___MASK71___ also has the largest Polynesian population of any city in the world . The Mori language name for ___MASK71___ is or , meaning " Tmaki with a hundred lovers ", in reference to the desirability of its fertile land at the hub of waterways in all directions . It has also been called karana , the Mori enunciation of " ___MASK71___ ". ___MASK2___ , officially the Commonwealth of ___MASK2___ , is a country comprising the ___MASK3___ of the Australian continent , the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands . It is the world ' s sixth - largest country by total area . The neighbouring countries are ___MASK90___ , Indonesia and East Timor to the north ; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north - east ; and New Zealand to the south - east . ___MASK2___ ' s capital is Canberra , and its largest urban area is Sydney . ___MASK24___ is an island nation in the southwestern ___MASK7___ . The country geographically comprises two main landmasses  that ___MASK76___ the North Island , or Te Ika - a - Mui , and the ___MASK33___ , or Te Waipounamu  and numerous smaller islands . ___MASK24___ is situated some ___MASK58___ ___MASK76___ Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly south ___MASK76___ the Pacific island areas ___MASK76___ New ___MASK69___ , Fiji , and ___MASK92___ . Because ___MASK76___ its remoteness , it was one ___MASK76___ the last lands to be settled by humans . During its long period ___MASK76___ isolation , ___MASK24___ developed a distinct biodiversity ___MASK76___ animal , fungal and plant life . The country ' s varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks , such as the Southern Alps , owe much to the tectonic uplift ___MASK76___ land and volcanic eruptions . ___MASK24___ ' s capital city is Wellington , while its most populous city is Auckland . ___MASK37___ is the capital city and second ___MASK93___ populous urban area of New Zealand , with residents . It is at the south - western tip of the North Island , between Cook Strait and the Rimutaka Range . ___MASK37___ is the major population centre of the southern North Island and is the administrative centre of the ___MASK37___ Region , which also includes the Kapiti Coast and Wairarapa . As the nation ' s capital city , the New Zealand Government and Parliament , Supreme Court and ___MASK93___ of the civil service are based in the city . A stream is a body ___MASK76___ water with a current , confined within a bed and ___MASK49___ . Depending on its location or certain characteristics , a stream may be referred to as a " bayou ", " beck ", " branch ", " brook ", " burn ", " creek ", " crick ", " ghyll ", " gill ", " kill ", " lick ", " mill race ", " race ", " rill ", " river ", " rivulet ", " run ", " runnel ", " streamage ", " ___MASK25___ ", or " wash ". The ___MASK33___ or Te Waipounamu (" Mori ") is the larger ___MASK76___ the two major islands ___MASK76___ New Zealand , the other being the smaller but more populous North Island . It is bordered to the north by Cook Strait , to the ___MASK80___ by the Tasman Sea , and to the south and ___MASK58___ by the Pacific Ocean . The ___MASK33___ covers and is influenced by a temperate climate . The ___MASK68___ Island or Te Ika - a - Mui (" Mori ") is one ___MASK76___ the two main islands ___MASK76___ New Zealand , separated from the slightly larger but much less populous ___MASK33___ by Cook Strait . The island ' s area is , making it the world ' s 14th - largest island . It has a population ___MASK76___ The Crow ___MASK54___ is a ___MASK54___ located in Arthur ' s Pass ___MASK94___ , Canterbury , ___MASK24___ . It arises near Mount Rolleston and flows ___MASK29___ into the Waimakariri ___MASK54___ . The ___MASK54___ was named after a ___MASK33___ kkako , sometimes called orange - wattled crow , which was seen in 1865 during an exploration ___MASK76___ the area . The species was last seen in the 1930s and is probably extinct . The ___MASK24___ Department ___MASK76___ Conservation maintains a tramping track alongside the ___MASK54___ , and a backcountry hut is available for trampers . A sea is a large body ___MASK76___ salt water that is surrounded in whole or in part by land . More broadly , " the sea " is the interconnected system ___MASK76___ Earth ' s salty , oceanic waters  considered as one global ocean or as several principal oceanic divisions . The sea moderates Earth ' s climate and has important roles in the water cycle , carbon cycle , and nitrogen cycle . Although the sea has been traveled and explored since prehistory , the modern scientific study ___MASK76___ the sea  oceanography  dates broadly to the British " Challenger " expedition ___MASK76___ the 1870s . The sea is conventionally divided into up to five large oceanic sections  including the International Hydrographic Organization ' s four named oceans ( the Atlantic , Pacific , ___MASK97___ , and Arctic ) and the Southern Ocean ; smaller , second - order sections , such as the Mediterranean , are known as " seas ". The Tasman Sea ( Mori : " Te Tai - o - Rehua ") is a marginal sea ___MASK76___ the South Pacific Ocean , situated between ___MASK2___ and New Zealand . It measures about across and about from north to south . The sea was named after the Dutch explorer Abel Janszoon Tasman , who was the first recorded European to encounter New Zealand and Tasmania . The British explorer Captain James Cook later extensively navigated the Tasman Sea in the 1770s as part ___MASK76___ his first voyage ___MASK76___ exploration . The ___MASK63___ Plains are an area in ___MASK24___ centred to the south ___MASK76___ the city ___MASK76___ Christchurch in the ___MASK59___ . Their northern extremes are at the foot ___MASK76___ the Hundalee Hills in the Hurunui District , and in the south they merge into the plains ___MASK76___ North Otago beyond the Waitaki River .