genre rarities 
Universal ___MASK93___ Group , Inc . ( also known as Universal ___MASK93___ Group Recordings , Inc . and abbreviated as UMG ) is an American - French global ___MASK93___ corporation that is a subsidiary of the Paris - based French media conglomerate Vivendi . UMG ' s global corporate headquarters are in Santa Monica , California . Procol Harum are an English ___MASK75___ band formed in 1967 . They contributed to the development of symphonic ___MASK75___ , and by extension , progressive ___MASK75___ . Their best - known recording is their 1967 hit single " A Whiter Shade of Pale ", which is considered a classic of ___MASK5___ and is one of the few singles to have sold over 10 million copies . Although noted for its ___MASK57___ and classical influence , Procol Harum ' s music also embraces the blues , R & B , and soul . Huddie William Ledbetter ( January 20 , 1889  December 6 , 1949 ) was an American folk and ___MASK91___ musician notable for his strong vocals , virtuosity on the twelve - string guitar , and the folk standards he introduced . He is best known as Lead Belly . Though many releases list him as " Leadbelly ", he himself wrote it as " Lead Belly ", which is also the ___MASK98___ on his tombstone and the ___MASK98___ used by the Lead Belly Foundation . Motown is an American record company . The record company was founded by Berry Gordy , Jr . as Tamla Records on January 12 , 1958 , and was incorporated as Motown Record Corporation on April 14 , 1960 , in Detroit , Michigan . The name , a portmanteau of " motor " and " town ", has also become a nickname for Detroit . Motown played an important role in the racial integration of ___MASK5___ as an African American - owned record label that achieved significant crossover success . In the 1960s , Motown and its subsidiary labels ( including Tamla Motown , the brand used outside the US ) were the most successful proponents of what came to be known as the Motown Sound , a style of soul music with a distinct pop influence . During the 1960s , Motown achieved spectacular success for a small record company : 79 records in the Top Ten of the " Billboard " Hot 100 record chart between 1960 and 1969 . Capitol ___MASK93___ Group ( abbreviated as CMG ) is an American front line umbrella label owned by the Universal ___MASK93___ Group ( UMG ). It oversees handling of record labels assigned to UMG ' s Capitol Records division and were inherited from its acquisition of EMI ' s ___MASK68___ ( save for Parlophone , which was sold to Warner ___MASK93___ Group ( WMG ) in 2013 ). It is one of five umbrella labels owned by UMG , with the other four being Interscope Geffen A & M , Island Records , Def Jam Recordings and Republic Records . Labels distributed under the CMG brand include Capitol Records , Virgin Records , Motown Records , Blue Note Records , Astralwerks , ___MASK67___ Records , Capitol Christian ___MASK93___ Group , Priority Records , Atom Factory Entertainment and Deep Well Records . The twelve - string guitar is a steel - string guitar with twelve strings in six courses , which produces a richer , more ringing tone than a standard six - string guitar . Typically , the strings of the lower four courses are tuned in octaves , with those of the upper two courses tuned in unisons . The strings are generally arranged such that the first string of each pair to be struck on a downward strum is the higher octave string ; however , Rickenbacker usually reverses this ___MASK41___ on its electric 12 string guitars . The gap between the strings within each dual - string course is narrow , and the strings of each course are fretted and plucked as a single unit . The neck is wider , to accommodate the extra strings , and is similar to the width of a classical guitar neck . The sound , particularly on acoustical instruments , is fuller and more harmonically resonant than six - string instruments . Capitol Records , LLC ( also referred to simply as Capitol and Hollywood and Vine ) is an American record label part of the Capitol ___MASK93___ Group and a wholly owned division of Universal ___MASK93___ Group ( UMG ). The label was founded as the first West Coast - based record label in the United States in 1942 by three industry insiders named Johnny Mercer , Buddy DeSylva and Glenn Wallichs . In 1955 , the label was acquired by the British ___MASK93___ conglomerate EMI as its North American subsidiary . EMI was later acquired by Universal ___MASK93___ Group in 2012 and was merged with the company in 2013 , making Capitol Records and the Capitol ___MASK93___ Group both a part of the Universal ___MASK93___ Group . Capitol Records ' circular headquarter building located in Los Angeles is a recognized landmark of California . The ___MASK63___ of the 1960s refers to an anti - establishment cultural phenomenon that developed first in the United Kingdom ( UK ) and the United States ( US ) and then spread throughout much of the Western world between the early 1960s and the mid - 1970s , with London , New York City , and San Francisco being hotbeds of early countercultural activity . The aggregate movement gained momentum as the American Civil Rights Movement continued to grow , and became revolutionary with the expansion of the US ___MASK66___ ' s extensive ___MASK28___ intervention in Vietnam . As the 1960s progressed , widespread social tensions also developed concerning other issues , and tended to flow along generational lines regarding human sexuality , women ' s rights , traditional modes of authority , experimentation with psychoactive drugs , and differing interpretations of the American Dream . Many key movements related to these issues were born , catalyzed , or advanced within the ___MASK63___ of the 1960s . Gary Brooker , MBE , ( born 29 May 1945 ) is an English singer , songwriter , pianist and founder and lead singer of the ___MASK75___ band Procol Harum . He was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire in the Queen ' s Birthday Honours on 14 June 2003 , in recognition of his charitable services . Richard Starkey , ( born 7 July 1940 ), known professionally as Ringo Starr , is an English musician , singer , songwriter and actor who gained worldwide fame as the drummer for the Beatles . He occasionally sang lead vocals , usually for one ___MASK13___ on an album , including " With a Little Help from My Friends ", " Yellow Submarine " and their cover of " Act Naturally ". He also wrote the Beatles ' songs " Don ' t Pass Me By " and " Octopus ' s Garden ", and is credited as a co - writer of others , including " What Goes On " and " Flying ". In ___MASK54___ research ___MASK100___ , the term ___MASK86___ prodigy is defined as a person under the age of ten who produces meaningful output in some domain to the level of an adult expert performer . ___MASK86___ prodigies are rare ; and , in some domains , there are no ___MASK86___ prodigies at all . Prodigiousness in childhood does not always predict adult eminence . A subsidiary , subsidiary company or daughter company is a company that is owned or controlled by another company , which is called the " parent company ", " parent ", or " holding company ". The subsidiary can be a company , corporation , or limited liability company . In some cases it is a ___MASK66___ or state - owned enterprise . " Auld Lang Syne " (: note " s " rather than " z ") is a Scots ___MASK92___ written by Robert Burns in 1788 and set to the tune of a traditional folk ___MASK13___ ( Roud # 6294 ). It is well known in many countries , especially in the English - speaking world , its traditional use being to bid farewell to the old year at the stroke of midnight . By extension , it is also sung at funerals , graduations and as a farewell or ending to other occasions . The international Scouting movement , in many countries , uses it to close jamborees and other functions . Hard ___MASK75___ is a loosely defined subgenre of ___MASK79___ that began in the mid - 1960s , with the garage , psychedelic and blues ___MASK75___ movements . It is typified by a heavy use of aggressive vocals , distorted electric guitars , bass guitar , drums , and often accompanied with pianos and keyboards . Scouting or the Scout Movement is a movement that aims to support young people in their physical , mental and spiritual development , that they may ___MASK74___ constructive roles in society , with a strong focus on the outdoors and survival skills . During the first half of the twentieth century , the movement grew to encompass three major age groups for boys ( Cub Scout , Boy Scout , Rover Scout ) and , in 1910 , a new organization , Girl Guides , was created for girls ( Brownie Guide , Girl Guide and Girl Scout , Ranger Guide ). It is one of several worldwide youth organizations . " Beatlemania " is a term that originated and was coined during the early 1960s to describe the intense fan frenzy directed towards the English ___MASK75___ band the Beatles . The phenomenon began in 1963 and continued past the group ' s break - up in 1970 , despite the band ceasing public performances in 1966 . Soul ___MASK93___ ( often referred to simply as soul ) is a ___MASK5___ genre that originated in the United States in the late 1950s and early 1960s . It combines elements of African - American gospel ___MASK93___ , rhythm and blues and jazz . Soul ___MASK93___ became popular for dancing and listening in the United States ; where record labels such as Motown , Atlantic and Stax were influential in the civil rights era . Soul also became popular around the world , directly influencing ___MASK79___ and the ___MASK93___ of Africa . EMI ( officially EMI Group Limited , originally an initialism for Electric and ___MASK42___ Industries and often known as EMI Records and EMI Music ) was a British multinational conglomerate founded in March 1931 and was based in London . At the time of its break - up in 2012 , it was the fourth - largest business group and family of record labels in the recording industry and was one of the big four record companies ( now the big three ). Its EMI Records Ltd . group of record labels included EMI Records , Parlophone , Virgin Records and Capitol Records . EMI also had a major publishing arm , EMI Music Publishing  also based in London with offices globally . Keith Stuart Brian Reid ( born 19 October 1946 in Welwyn Garden City , Hertfordshire , England ) is a songwriter who wrote the lyrics of every Procol Harum ___MASK13___ that is not instrumental or a cover . Biography . Reid was born and educated in London . He left school at an early age to pursue a ___MASK13___ writing career . He met Gary Brooker , with whom he co - wrote most of the band ' s songs ( some music was written by organist Matthew Fisher and by guitarist Robin Trower ), in 1966 . They soon began collaborating , and their composition " A Whiter Shade of Pale ", Procol Harum ' s first single , was released in 1967 . It reached the top of the UK Singles Chart and sold over six million copies worldwide . Reid continued to write lyrics for the band until they disbanded in 1977 . A ___MASK56___ is a form of verse , often a narrative set to music . Ballads derive from the medieval French " ___MASK95___ balladée " or " ballade ", which were originally " danced songs ". Ballads were particularly characteristic of the popular poetry and ___MASK13___ of the British Isles from the later medieval period until the 19th century . They were widely used across Europe , and later in the Americas , Australia and North Africa . Ballads are 13 lines with an ABABBCBC form , consisting of couplets ( two lines ) of rhymed verse , each of 14 syllables . Graduation is getting a diploma or academic degree or the ceremony that is sometimes associated , in which students become graduates . Before the graduation , candidates are referred to as graduands . The date of graduation is often called graduation day . The graduation ceremony itself is also called commencement , convocation or invocation . In the United States and Canada , the term is additionally increasingly being used to refer to the advancement from a primary or secondary school level . When ceremonies are associated , they usually include a procession of the academic staff and candidates and a valediction . At the ___MASK90___ and university level the faculty ___MASK38___ usually wear academic dress at the formal ceremonies , as ___MASK38___ the trustees and degree candidates . Blue - eyed soul ( also known as white soul ) describes ___MASK99___ and soul music performed by white artists . The term was coined in the mid - 1960s , to describe white artists who performed soul and R & B that was similar to the music of the Motown and Stax record labels . Though many ___MASK99___ ___MASK35___ stations would only ___MASK74___ music by black musicians , some began to ___MASK74___ music by white acts considered to have " soul feeling ", which came to be called " blue - eyed soul ". Sir ___MASK88___ Paul McCartney , ( born 18 June 1942 ) is an English singer - songwriter , multi - instrumentalist , and composer . With John Lennon , George Harrison , and Ringo Starr , he gained worldwide fame with the rock band the Beatles , largely considered the most popular and influential group in the ___MASK32___ of pop music . His songwriting partnership with Lennon is the most celebrated of the post - war era . After the band ' s break - up , he pursued a solo career and formed the band Wings with his first wife , Linda , and Denny Laine . Stevland Hardaway Morris ( born Stevland Hardaway Judkins ; May 13 , 1950 ), known by his stage name Stevie Wonder , is an American musician , singer , songwriter , record producer , and multi - instrumentalist . A ___MASK86___ prodigy , he is considered to be one of the most critically and commercially successful ___MASK42___ performers of the late 20th century . Wonder signed with Motown ' s Tamla label at the age of 11 , and he continued performing and recording for Motown into the 2010s . He has been blind since shortly after birth . Los Angeles ( Spanish for " The Angels "), officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L . A ., is the second - most populous city in the United States ( after New York City ), the most populous city in California and the county seat of Los Angeles County . Situated in Southern California , Los Angeles is known for its mediterranean climate , ethnic diversity , sprawling metropolis , and as a major center of the American ___MASK70___ industry . Los Angeles lies in a large coastal basin surrounded on three sides by mountains reaching up to and over . A record label or record company is a brand or trademark associated with the ___MASK80___ of music recordings and music videos . Often , a record label is also a publishing company that manages such brands and trademarks , coordinates the production , manufacture , distribution , ___MASK80___ , promotion , and enforcement of copyright for sound recordings and music videos ; conducts talent scouting and development of new artists (" artists and repertoire " or " A & R "); and maintains contracts with recording artists and their managers . The term " record label " derives from the circular label in the center of a vinyl record which prominently displays the manufacturer ' s name , along with other information . Hollywood (, informally Tinseltown ) is an ethnically diverse , densely populated , relatively low - income neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles , California . It is notable as the home of the U . S . film industry , including several of its historic studios , and its name has come to be a shorthand ___MASK96___ for the industry and the people in it . North America is a continent entirely within the Northern Hemisphere and almost all within the ___MASK20___ Hemisphere . It can also be considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas . It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean , to the east by the Atlantic Ocean , to the west and south by the Pacific Ocean , and to the southeast by South America and the Caribbean Sea . ___MASK91___ is a ___MASK83___ and ___MASK42___ form originated by African Americans in the Deep South of the United States around the end of the 19th century . The ___MASK83___ developed from roots in African ___MASK42___ traditions , African - American work songs and European - American folk music . ___MASK91___ incorporated spirituals , work songs , field hollers , shouts , chants , and rhymed simple narrative ballads . The blues form , ubiquitous in jazz , rhythm and blues and rock and roll , is characterized by the call - and - response pattern , the blues scale and specific chord progressions , of which the twelve - bar blues is the most common . Blue notes ( or " worried notes "), usually thirds or fifths flattened in pitch , are also an essential part of the sound . ___MASK91___ shuffles or walking bass reinforce the trance - like rhythm and form a repetitive effect known as the groove . California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area . Located on the ___MASK20___ ( Pacific Ocean ) coast of the U . S ., California is bordered by the other U . S . states of Oregon , Nevada , and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California . The state capital is Sacramento . Los Angeles is California ' s most populous city , and the country ' s second largest after New York City . The state also has the nation ' s most populous county , Los Angeles County , and its largest county by area , San Bernardino County . Robert Burns ( 25 January 175921 July 1796 ), also known as Rabbie Burns , the ___MASK10___ of Ayrshire , Ploughman ___MASK2___ and various other names and epithets , was a Scottish ___MASK2___ and lyricist . He is widely regarded as the national ___MASK2___ of Scotland and is celebrated worldwide . He is the best known of the poets who have written in the Scots language , although much of his writing is also in English and a light Scots dialect , accessible to an audience beyond Scotland . He also wrote in standard English , and in these writings his political or civil commentary is often at its bluntest . Clifford Curry Jr . ( November 3 , 1936  September 7 , 2016 ) was an American beach ___MASK93___ , soul ___MASK93___ , and R & B singer . John Winston Ono Lennon , ( born John Winston Lennon ; 9 October 19408 December 1980 ) was an English singer and songwriter who co - founded the Beatles , the most commercially successful band in the ___MASK32___ of popular music . With fellow member Paul McCartney , he formed a celebrated songwriting partnership . Liverpool , in North West England , is a major city and metropolitan borough with an estimated population of 478 , 580 in 2015 within the City of Liverpool . Liverpool and its surrounding areas form the fifth largest metropolitan area in the UK , with an estimated population of over 2 . 24 million in 2011 . The local authority is Liverpool City Council , which is the most populous local ___MASK66___ district within the metropolitan county of Merseyside and the largest within the Liverpool City Region . The Beatles were an English ___MASK75___ band , formed in Liverpool in 1960 . With members John Lennon , Paul McCartney , George Harrison and Ringo Starr , they became widely regarded as the foremost and most influential act of the ___MASK75___ era . Rooted in skiffle , beat , and 1950s ___MASK75___ and roll , the Beatles later experimented with several ___MASK42___ styles , ranging from pop ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard ___MASK75___ , often incorporating classical elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways . In the early 1960s , their enormous popularity first emerged as " Beatlemania ", but as the group ' s music grew in sophistication , led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney , they came to be perceived as an embodiment of the ideals shared by the counterculture of the 1960s . ___MASK25___ is a music ___MASK83___ with jazz , blues , folk and American folk influences , usually using homemade or improvised instruments . Originating as a term in the United States in the first half of the 20th century , it became popular again in the UK in the 1950s , where it was associated with artists such as Lonnie Donegan , The Vipers ___MASK25___ Group , Ken Colyer and Chas McDevitt . ___MASK25___ played a major part in beginning the careers of later eminent jazz , pop , blues , folk and ___MASK75___ musicians and has been seen as a critical stepping stone to the second British folk revival , blues boom and ___MASK46___ of the US popular music scene . George Harrison , ( 25 February 1943  29 November 2001 ) was an English guitarist , singer , songwriter , and ___MASK93___ and film producer who achieved international fame as the lead guitarist of the Beatles . Often referred to as " the quiet Beatle ", Harrison embraced ___MASK52___ and helped broaden the horizons of his fellow Beatles as well as their Western audience by incorporating Indian instrumentation in their ___MASK93___ . Although most of the Beatles ' songs were written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney , most Beatles albums from 1965 onwards contained at least two Harrison compositions . His songs for the group included " Taxman ", " Within You Without You ", " While My Guitar Gently Weeps ", " Here Comes the Sun " and " Something ", the last of which became the Beatles ' second - most covered song . Dewey Lindon " Spooner " Oldham ( born June 14 , 1943 ) is an American songwriter and session musician . An organist , he recorded in Muscle Shoals , Alabama , at FAME Studios as part of the Muscle Shoals ___MASK50___ Section on such hit R & B songs as " When a Man Loves a Woman ", by Percy Sledge ; " Mustang Sally ", by Wilson Pickett ; and " I Never Loved a Man ", by Aretha Franklin . The Box Tops were an American ___MASK75___ band , formed in Memphis in 1963 . They are best known for the hits " The ___MASK47___ ", " Cry Like a Baby ", and " Soul Deep " and are considered a major blue - eyed soul group of the period . They performed a mixture of current soul music songs by artists such as James & Bobby Purify and Clifford Curry , pop tunes such as " A Whiter Shade of Pale " by Keith Reid , Gary Brooker and Matthew Fisher of Procol Harum , and songs written by their producers , Dan Penn , Spooner Oldham , and Chips Moman . Vocalist Alex Chilton went on to front the power pop band Big Star and to launch a career as a solo artist , during which he occasionally performed songs he had sung with the Box Tops . Dan Penn ( born Wallace Daniel Pennington , 16 November 1941 ) is an American singer , musician , songwriter , and record producer who co - wrote many soul hits of the 1960s , including " The Dark End of the Street " and " Do Right Woman , Do Right Man " with Chips Moman and " Cry Like a Baby " with Spooner Oldham . Penn also produced many hits , including " The ___MASK47___ ", by the Box Tops . Though considered to be one of the great white soul singers of his generation , Penn has released relatively few records featuring his own vocals and musicianship , preferring the relative anonymity of songwriting and producing . " A Whiter Shade of Pale " is the debut ___MASK13___ by the ___MASK53___ band Procol Harum , released 12 May 1967 . The single reached number one in the UK Singles Chart on 8 June 1967 and stayed there for six weeks . Without much promotion , it reached No . 5 on the US charts as well . One of the anthems of the 1967 Summer of Love , it is one of fewer than 30 singles to have sold over 10 million copies worldwide . ___MASK75___ and roll ( often written as ___MASK75___ & roll or ___MASK75___ ' n ' roll ) is a genre of ___MASK5___ that originated and evolved in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s , from African - American ___MASK42___ styles such as gospel , jazz , boogie woogie , and rhythm and blues , with country . While elements of ___MASK75___ and roll can be heard in blues records from the 1920s and in country records of the 1930s , the genre did not acquire its name until the 1950s . Rarities is a Beach Boys compilation ___MASK71___ released in 1983 by Capitol Records . It is a collection of outtakes , alternate mixes & B - sides recorded between 1962 & 1970 . Included are songs written or made popular by The Beatles , The Box Tops , Stevie Wonder , and Lead Belly . Also featured are several standards , such as `` The Lord ' s Prayer '' and `` Auld Lang Syne '' . The ___MASK71___ sold poorly and was quickly deleted . ___MASK36___ is a popular ___MASK42___ genre that draws its inspiration from 1960s British and American ___MASK79___ . It typically incorporates a combination of ___MASK42___ devices such as strong melodies , clear vocals and crisp vocal harmonies , economical arrangements and prominent guitar riffs . Instrumental solos are usually kept to a minimum , and blues elements are largely downplayed . Matthew Charles Fisher ( born 7 ___MASK26___ 1946 ) is an English musician , songwriter and producer . He is best known for playing the Hammond organ on the 1967 single , " A Whiter Shade of Pale " by Procol Harum , for which he subsequently won a songwriting credit .