date_of_death judah iii
Judah II or Nesi ' ah I was a famous Jewish sage who lived in Tiberias in the Land of Israel , in the middle of the third century CE . He is mentioned in the classical works of Judaism ' s oral law , the Mishnah and Talmud . Tiberias (" Tveria ", " Tabariyyah "; Ancient Greek :  , " Tiberias ") is an Israeli city on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee . Established around ___MASK57___ CE , it was named in honour of Emperor Tiberius . In it had a population of . The Talmud ( Hebrew : ' " instruction , learning ", from a root ' " teach , study ") is a central text of Rabbinic Judaism . It is also traditionally referred to as , a Hebrew abbreviation of ', the " six orders ", a reference to the six orders of the Mishnah . The term " Talmud " normally refers to the collection of writings named specifically the Babylonian Talmud "( Talmud Bavli )", although there is also an earlier collection known as the Jerusalem Talmud , or Palestinian Talmud "' "( Talmud Yerushalmi )". When referring to post - biblical periods , namely those of the creation of the Talmud , the Talmudic academies and the Babylonian exilarchate , Jewish sources use the term " Babylonia " long after it had become obsolete in geopolitical terms . The Sanhedrin ( Hebrew : " sanhedrîn ", Greek :  , " synedrion ", " sitting together ," hence " assembly " or " council ") was an assembly of twenty - three to seventy - one men appointed in every city in the Land of Israel . In the Hebrew Bible , Moses and the Israelites were commanded by God to establish courts of judges who were given full authority over the people of Israel , who were commanded by God to obey every word the judges instructed and every law they established . Judges in ancient Israel were the religious leaders and Teachers of the nation of Israel . The Mishnah arrives at the number twenty - three based on an exegetical derivation : it must be possible for a " community " to vote for both conviction and exoneration . The minimum size of a " community " is ___MASK29___ men ( ___MASK29___ vs ___MASK29___ ). One more is required to achieve a majority ( 11 vs ___MASK29___ ), but a simple majority cannot convict , and so an additional judge is required ( ___MASK34___ vs ___MASK29___ ). Finally , a court should not have an even number of judges to prevent deadlocks ; thus ___MASK74___ ( ___MASK34___ vs ___MASK29___ and 1 ). This court dealt with only religious matters . Babylonia was an ancient Akkadian - speaking state and cultural area based in central - southern Mesopotamia ( present - day Iraq ). A small Amorite - ruled state emerged in ___MASK82___ BC , which contained at this time the minor city of Babylon . Babylon greatly expanded during the reign of Hammurabi in the first half of the 18th century BC , becoming a major capital city . During the reign of Hammurabi and afterwards , Babylonia was called " Mt Akkad " " the country of Akkad " in the Akkadian language . It was often involved in rivalry with its older fellow Akkadian - speaking state of Assyria in northern Mesopotamia . Babylonia briefly became the major power in the region after Hammurabi ( fl . c . ___MASK72___  ___MASK68___ BC middle chronology , or c . 1696  1654 BC , short chronology ) created a short - lived empire , succeeding the earlier Akkadian Empire , Third Dynasty of Ur , and Old Assyrian Empire ; however , the Babylonian empire rapidly fell apart after the death of Hammurabi . Judaism ( from , derived from Greek , originally from Hebrew , " Yehudah ", " Judah "; in Hebrew : , " Yahadut ", the distinctive characteristics of the Judean ethnos ) encompasses the religion , philosophy , culture and way of life of the Jewish people . Judaism is an ancient monotheistic religion , with the Torah as its foundational text ( part of the larger text known as the Tanakh or Hebrew Bible ), and supplemental oral tradition represented by later texts such as the Midrash and the Talmud . Judaism is considered by religious Jews to be the expression of the covenantal relationship that God established with the Children of Israel . With between ___MASK26___ . 5 and ___MASK41___ . ___MASK97___ million adherents worldwide , Judaism is the tenth - largest religion in the world . The Jerusalem Talmud (" Talmud Yerushalmi ", often " Yerushalmi " for short ), also known as the Palestinian Talmud or Talmuda de - Eretz Yisrael ( Talmud of the Land of Israel ), is a collection of Rabbinic notes on the second - century Jewish oral tradition known as the Mishnah . Naming this version of the Talmud after Palestine or Land of Israel rather than Jerusalem is considered more accurate by some because , while the work was certainly composed in " the West " ( as seen from Babylonia ), i . e . in the Holy Land , it mainly originates from the Galilee rather than from Jerusalem in Judea , as no Jews lived in Jerusalem at this time The Jerusalem Talmud was compiled in the Land of Israel , then divided between the Byzantine provinces of Palaestina Prima and Palaestina Secunda , and was brought to an end sometime around ___MASK100___ . The Jerusalem Talmud predates its counterpart , the Babylonian Talmud ( known in Hebrew as the " Talmud Bavli "), by about 200 years , and is written in both Hebrew and Jewish Palestinian Aramaic . For the Tanna sage of the 5th generation , see Judah haNasi ( Judah I ) . For the Amora sage of the 1st generation , see Judah II ( Nesi ' ah I ) . For the Amora sage of the 6th generation , see Judah IV ( Nesi ' ah III ) . Judah III ( or Nesi ' ah II ; Hebrew :   ) held the office of Nasi of the ancient Jewish Sanhedrin between ___MASK43___ and 320 CE . He is a famous Jewish sage mentioned in the classical works of Judaism ' s oral law , who lived during the third and beginning of the fourth century CE . He figures in the Mishnah and Talmud . He was the son of Gamaliel IV , and grandson of Judah II . It is often difficult to know when the Mishna and Talmud are referring to Judah II or Judah III ; they do not clearly distinguish between them . Since the title `` Nesi ' ah '' was borne by both , which of the two in any citation is meant by `` Judah Nesi ' ah '' can be gathered only from internal evidence , especially from the names of the scholars mentioned in the context . Judah III held the office of patriarch probably during the close of the third and the beginning of the fourth century . He was a pupil of Johanan ( d . 279 ) ; in a question regarding the time of the new moon , which he sent to Rav Ammi , he introduces a sentence taught to him by Johanan with the words : `` Know that R . Johanan has taught us thus all his life long '' ( R . H . 20a ) . Judah III . commissioned Johanan ' s pupils Ammi and Assi , who directed the Academy of Tiberias in the Land of Israel , after Eleazar ' s death , to organize the schools for children in the Palestinian cities ( Yer . ag . 76c ; Pesi . 120b ) ; Ammi especially appears as his councilor in haggadic questions ( Beah 27a ; M .  . 12b , 17a ; Ab . Zarah 33b ) .