continent tierra del fuego province
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in both ___MASK57___ and Latin America . As the world ' s fifth - largest country by both area and population , it is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas . Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east , Brazil has a coastline of . It borders all other South American countries except Ecuador and Chile and covers 47 . 3 % of the continent ' s land area . Its Amazon River basin includes a vast tropical forest , home to diverse wildlife , a variety of ecological systems , and extensive natural resources spanning numerous protected habitats . This unique environmental heritage makes Brazil one of 17 megadiverse countries , and is the subject of significant global interest and debate regarding deforestation and environmental protection . Southern Cone is a geographic region composed of the southernmost areas of ___MASK57___ , south of and around the Tropic of Capricorn . Traditionally , it covers Argentina , Chile and Uruguay , bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean , and south to the junction between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans , which is the closest continental area of ___MASK60___ ( 1000 km ). In terms of social and political geography , the Southern Cone comprises Argentina , Chile , Uruguay , Southern Brazil and sometimes Paraguay . Chile , officially the Republic of Chile , is a South American country occupying a long , narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west . It borders Peru to the north , Bolivia to the northeast , Argentina to the east , and the Drake Passage in the far south . Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández , Salas y Gómez , Desventuradas , and Easter Island in ___MASK99___ . Chile also claims about of ___MASK60___ , although all claims are suspended under the Antarctic Treaty . Bolivia (; ), officially known as the Plurinational State of Bolivia , is a landlocked country located in western - central ___MASK57___ . It is bordered to the north and east by Brazil , to the southeast by Paraguay , to the south by Argentina , to the southwest by Chile , and to the northwest by Peru . One - third of the country is the Andean mountain range , with one of its largest cities and principal economic centers , El Alto , located on the Altiplano . Bolivia is one of two landlocked countries ( the other is Paraguay ) that lie outside Afro - Eurasia . Bolivia is the largest landlocked country in the Americas . The Drake Passage or Mar de Hoces  Sea of Hoces  is the body of water between ___MASK57___ ' s Cape Horn and the South Shetland Islands of ___MASK60___ . It connects the southwestern part of the Atlantic Ocean ( Scotia Sea ) with the southeastern part of the Pacific Ocean and extends into the Southern Ocean . Paraguay , officially the Republic of Paraguay , is a landlocked country in central ___MASK57___ , bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest , Brazil to the east and northeast , and Bolivia to the northwest . Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River , which runs through the center of the country from north to south . Due to its central location in ___MASK57___ , it is sometimes referred to as " Corazón de Sudamérica " (" Heart of ___MASK57___ "). Paraguay is one of the two landlocked countries ( the other is Bolivia ) that lie outside Afro - Eurasia . Paraguay is the smallest landlocked country in the Americas . ___MASK57___ is a continent located in the western hemisphere , mostly in the southern hemisphere , with a relatively small portion in the northern hemisphere . It is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas , which is the model used in nations that speak Romance languages . The reference to ___MASK57___ instead of other regions ( like Latin America or the Southern Cone ) has increased in the last decades due to changing geopolitical dynamics ( in particular , the rise of Brazil ). Tierra del Fuego  literally " Fire Land ", formerly " Isla de Xativa " and also known as Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego  is an island near the southern tip of ___MASK57___ from which it is separated by the Strait of Magellan . The western portion of the island ( and 61 . 43 % of the island ) is in Chile ( Province of Tierra del Fuego and Antártica Chilena Province ), while the eastern portion ( and 38 . 57 %) is in Argentina ( Tierra del Fuego Province ). It forms the major landmass in an extended group of islands or archipelago also known as Tierra del Fuego . Latin America is a group of countries and dependencies in ___MASK58___ where Romance languages are predominant . The term originated in 19th century France as " Amérique latine " to consider French - speaking territories in ___MASK58___ ( Haiti , French Guiana , Martinique , Guadeloupe , Saint Martin , Saint Barthélemy ) along with the larger group of countries where Spanish and Portuguese languages prevailed . It is therefore broader than the terms Ibero - America or Hispanic America  though it usually excludes French Canada and modern French Louisiana . Antártica Chilena Province is the southernmost and one of four provinces in Chile ' s southernmost region , Magallanes and Antártica Chilena Region ( XII ). The capital is Puerto Williams . The province comprises the extreme southern part of Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego ( south of the Cordillera Darwin ), the islands south and west of Isla Grande , and Chile ' s claims in ___MASK60___ . The province is administratively divided into two communes (" comunas "): Cabo de Hornos , located at the southern tip of South America , and Antártica , a wedge - shaped claim of ___MASK60___ , which is not internationally recognized . Its total area of makes it almost twice as large as all other provinces of Chile combined . Uruguay , officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay , is a country in the southeastern region of ___MASK57___ . It borders Argentina to its west and Brazil to its north and east , with the Río de la Plata ( River of Silver ) to the south and with the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast . Uruguay is home to an estimated 3 . 42 million people , of whom 1 . 8 million live in the metropolitan area of its capital and largest city , Montevideo . With an area of approximately , Uruguay is geographically the second - smallest nation in ___MASK57___ , only larger in size than Suriname . Puerto Williams ( Spanish for " Port Williams ") is a Chilean town , located on Isla Navarino facing the Beagle Channel . It is the capital of the Chilean Antarctic Province , one of four provinces located in the Magellan and Chilean ___MASK60___ Region , and administers the communes of Chilean Antarctic Territory and Cabo de Hornos . It has a population of 2 , 874 , including both naval personnel and civilians . Puerto Williams claims the title of world ' s southernmost city .< ref name =" http :// www . infinito - sur . com "> http :// www . infinito - sur . com /, retrieved 9 April 2012 </ ref > Tierra del Fuego Province ( Spanish : Provincia de Tierra del Fuego ) is one of four provinces in the southern Chilean region of Magallanes and Antártica Chilena ( XII ) . It includes the Chilean or western part of the main island of Tierra del Fuego , except for the part south of the Cordillera Darwin , which is in Antártica Chilena Province . ( Argentina also has a Tierra del Fuego Province . ) Chilean Tierra del Fuego has two towns , Porvenir , capital of the province , and Cerro Sombrero , and a number of small villages . A key geographical feature is Bahía Inútil ( `` Useless Bay '' ) , so named by British geographers in the late 19th century because the bay is not useful as a port . ___MASK60___ ( US English , UK English or ) is Earth ' s southernmost continent . It contains the geographic South Pole and is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere , almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle , and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean . At , it is the fifth - largest continent . For comparison , ___MASK60___ is nearly twice the size of Australia . About 98 % of ___MASK60___ is covered by ice that averages in thickness , which extends to all but the northernmost reaches of the Antarctic Peninsula . Buenos Aires is the capital and most populous city of Argentina . The city is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata , on the South American continent ' s southeastern coast . " Buenos aires " can be translated as " fair winds " or " good airs ", but the first one was the meaning intended by the founders in the 16th century , by the use of the original name " Real de Nuestra Señora Santa María del Buen Ayre ". The Greater Buenos Aires conurbation , which also includes several Buenos Aires Province districts , constitutes the fourth - most populous metropolitan area in ___MASK58___ , with a population of around 17 million . Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is a federal republic in the southern half of ___MASK57___ . Sharing the bulk of the Southern Cone with its neighbor Chile to the west , the country is also bordered by Bolivia and Paraguay to the north , Brazil to the northeast , Uruguay and the South Atlantic Ocean to the east , and the Drake Passage to the south . With a mainland area of , Argentina is the eighth - largest country in the world , the second largest in Latin America , and the largest Spanish - speaking one . The country is subdivided into twenty - three provinces ( singular " provincia ") and one autonomous city (" ciudad autónoma "), Buenos Aires , which is the federal capital of the nation as decided by Congress . The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions , but exist under a federal system .