instance_of kef lahmar
Algeria (' " Dzayer "), officially the ___MASK90___ ' s Democratic ___MASK70___ of Algeria , is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast . Its ___MASK49___ and most populous city is Algiers , located in the country ' s far north . With an area of , Algeria is the tenth - largest country in the world , and the largest in Africa . Algeria is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia , to the east by Libya , to the west by Morocco , to the southwest by the Western Saharan territory , Mauritania , and Mali , to the southeast by Niger , and to the north by the Mediterranean ___MASK42___ . The country is a semi - presidential republic consisting of 48 provinces and 1 , 541 communes ( counties ). Abdelaziz Bouteflika has been President since 1999 . El Bayadh is a ___MASK15___ . It is the capital of El Bayadh Province . This town was known as " Géryville " during the French colonization of Algeria . A ___MASK89___ is , in ___MASK77___ , a nonphysical juridical entity that is represented by one centralised ___MASK39___ that has sovereignty over a geographic area . International law defines sovereign states as having a permanent population , defined territory , one ___MASK39___ , and the capacity to enter into relations with other sovereign states . It is also normally understood that a ___MASK89___ is neither dependent on nor subjected to any other power or state . Africa is the world ' s second - largest and second - most - populous ___MASK37___ . At about 30 . 3 million km² ( 11 . 7 million square miles ) including adjacent islands , it covers 6 % of Earth ' s total surface area and 20 . 4 % of its total land area . With 1 . 1 billion people as of 2013 , it accounts for about 15 % of the world ' s human population . The ___MASK37___ is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north , both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast , the Indian Ocean to the southeast , and the Atlantic Ocean to the west . The ___MASK37___ includes Madagascar and various archipelagos . It contains 54 fully recognized sovereign states ( countries ), nine territories and two " de facto " independent states with limited or no recognition . Mauritania ('; or Soninke : " Murutaane "; Pulaar : " Moritani "), officially the Islamic ___MASK70___ of Mauritania , is a country in the Maghreb region of western Africa . It is the eleventh largest country in Africa and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west , Morocco and the remnants of Western Sahara in the north , Algeria in the northeast , Mali in the east and southeast , and Senegal in the southwest . Morocco (', lit . " The West "; '), officially known as the Kingdom of Morocco (', lit . " The Western Kingdom "; '), is a sovereign ___MASK86___ located in the Maghreb region of North Africa . Geographically , Morocco is characterized by a rugged mountainous interior , large tracts of ___MASK80___ , and a lengthy coastline along the Atlantic ___MASK81___ and Mediterranean ___MASK42___ . A ___MASK10___ is a spring produced by the emergence of geothermally heated groundwater that rises from the Earth ' s crust . There are geothermal hot springs in many locations all over the crust of the earth . While some of these springs contain ___MASK34___ that is a safe temperature for bathing , others are so hot that immersion can result in injury or death . Tunisia ('; ), officially the ___MASK70___ of Tunisia (') is the northernmost country in Africa , covering . Its northernmost point , Cape Angela , is the northernmost point on the African ___MASK37___ . It is bordered by Algeria to the west and southwest , Libya to the southeast , and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east . Tunisia ' s population was estimated to be just under 11 million in 2014 . Tunisia ' s name is derived from its capital city , Tunis , which is located on Tunisia ' s northeast coast . Earth , otherwise known as the world , is the third ___MASK12___ from the Sun and the only object in the Universe known to ___MASK61___ life . It is the densest ___MASK12___ in the Solar ___MASK44___ and the largest of the four terrestrial planets . Libya ("") is a ___MASK86___ in the Maghreb region of North Africa , bordered by the Mediterranean ___MASK42___ to the north , Egypt to the east , Sudan to the southeast , Chad and Niger to the south , and Algeria and Tunisia to the west . The three traditional parts of the ___MASK86___ are Tripolitania , Fezzan and Cyrenaica . With an area of almost , Libya is the fourth largest ___MASK86___ in Africa , and is the 16th largest ___MASK86___ in the world . Libya has the 10th - largest proven oil reserves of any ___MASK86___ in the world . Western Sahara ("") is a ___MASK26___ in the Maghreb region of North Africa , bordered by Morocco to the north , Algeria to the northeast , Mauritania to the east and south , and the Atlantic Ocean to the west . Its ___MASK9___ area amounts to . It is one of the most sparsely populated territories in the world , mainly consisting of desert flatlands . The population is estimated at just over 500 , 000 , of which nearly 40 % live in Laayoune , the largest city in Western Sahara . Tunis ("") is both the ___MASK49___ and the largest city of Tunisia . The greater metropolitan area of Tunis , often referred to as " Grand Tunis ", has some 2 , 700 , 000 inhabitants . Groundwater ( or ground ___MASK34___ ) is the ___MASK34___ present beneath Earth ' s surface in soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations . A unit of rock or an unconsolidated deposit is called an aquifer when it can yield a usable quantity of ___MASK34___ . The depth at which soil pore spaces or fractures and voids in rock become completely saturated with ___MASK34___ is called the ___MASK34___ ___MASK20___ . Groundwater is recharged from , and eventually flows to , the surface naturally ; natural discharge often occurs at springs and seeps , and can form oases or wetlands . Groundwater is also often withdrawn for agricultural , municipal , and industrial use by constructing and operating extraction wells . The study of the distribution and movement of groundwater is hydrogeology , also called groundwater hydrology . Abdelaziz Bouteflika (" Abd al - Azz Btaflka " ; born 2 ___MASK31___ ___MASK67___ ) is an Algerian politician who has been the fifth President of Algeria since 1999 . He was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1963 to 1979 . As President , he presided over the end of the bloody Algerian Civil War in 2002 , and he ended emergency rule in February 2011 amidst regional unrest . He has also served as president of the United Nations General Assembly . Algiers (" al - Jaz  er "; Algerian Arabic pronunciation :  Dzayer , ) is the ___MASK49___ and largest city of Algeria . In 2011 , the city ' s population was estimated to be around 3 , 500 , 000 . An estimate puts the population of the larger metropolitan city to be around 5 , 000 , 000 . Algiers is located on the Mediterranean ___MASK42___ and in the north - central portion of Algeria . In ___MASK71___ , heat is that amount of energy flowing from one body to another spontaneously due to their temperature difference , or by any means other than through work or the transfer of matter . The transfer can be by contact between the source and the destination body , as in conduction ; or by radiation between remote bodies ; or by conduction and radiation through a thick solid ___MASK11___ ; or by way of an intermediate fluid body , as in convective circulation ; or by a combination of these . The Sahara (", ' the Greatest ___MASK80___ ') is the largest hot ___MASK80___ and the third largest ___MASK80___ in the world after Antarctica and the Arctic . Its area of is comparable to the area of the United States . Mali , officially the ___MASK70___ of Mali , is a landlocked country in Africa . Mali is the eighth - largest country in Africa , with an area of just over . The population of Mali is 14 . 5 million . Its ___MASK49___ is Bamako . Mali consists of ___MASK4___ regions and its borders on the north reach deep into the middle of the Sahara Desert , while the country ' s southern part , where the majority of inhabitants live , features the Niger and Senegal rivers . The country ' s economy centers on agriculture and fishing . Some of Mali ' s prominent natural resources include gold , being the third largest producer of gold in the African ___MASK37___ , and salt . About half the population lives below the international poverty line of $ 1 . 25 ( U . S .) a day . A majority of the population ( 90 %) are Muslims . Niger ( or ), officially the ___MASK70___ of Niger , is a landlocked country in Western Africa , named after the Niger River . Niger is bordered by Libya to the northeast , Chad to the east , Nigeria and Benin to the south , Burkina Faso and Mali to the west , and Algeria to the northwest . Niger covers a land area of almost ___MASK32___ , 270 , 000 km , making it the largest country in West Africa , with over 80 percent of its land area covered by the Sahara Desert . The country ' s predominantly Islamic population of about 19 million is mostly clustered in the far south and west of the country . The capital city is Niamey , located in the far - southwest corner of Niger . El Bayadh is a ___MASK21___ (" wilaya ") in Algeria , named after its ___MASK49___ El Bayadh . Kef Lahmar ( Arabic :   , lit . red foothill ) is a ___MASK63___ in El Bayadh ___MASK21___ , Algeria . It is part of the district of Rogassa and has a population of 5 . 245 , which gives it 7 seats in the PMA . Its municipal code is 3212 . There is a ___MASK10___ there . North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost ___MASK46___ of Africa . The United Nations ___MASK2___ of " North Africa " includes ___MASK68___ countries and territories ; Algeria , Egypt , Libya , Mauritania , Morocco , Sudan , Tunisia , and Western Sahara . The countries of Algeria , Morocco , Tunisia , and Libya are often collectively referred to as the Maghreb , which is the Arabic word for " sunset ". Egypt lies to the northeast and encompasses part of West Asia , while Sudan is situated on the edge of the Sahel , to the south of Egypt . The Mediterranean ___MASK42___ ( pronounced ) is a ___MASK42___ connected to the Atlantic Ocean , surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land : on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia , on the south by North Africa , and on the east by the Levant . The ___MASK42___ is sometimes considered a part of the Atlantic Ocean , although it is usually identified as a separate body of water .