occupation david avis
___MASK67___ is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe . Applied mathematics is a branch of mathematics that deals with mathematical methods that find use in ___MASK67___ , ___MASK18___ , business , ___MASK24___ ___MASK67___ , and industry . Thus , applied mathematics is a combination of mathematical ___MASK67___ and specialized knowledge . The term " applied mathematics " also describes the professional specialty in which mathematicians work on practical problems by formulating and studying mathematical models . In the past , practical applications have motivated the development of mathematical theories , which then became the subject of study in pure mathematics where abstract concepts are studied for their own sake . The activity of applied mathematics is thus intimately connected with ___MASK9___ in pure mathematics . Japan (" Nippon " or " Nihon " ; formally "" or " Nihon - koku ", means " State of Japan ") is a ___MASK98___ island nation in Eastern Asia . Located in the Pacific Ocean , It is lying off the eastern coast of the Asia Mainland ( east of China , Korea , Russia ) and stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and near Taiwan in the southwest . Quebec ( pronounced or ) is the second - most populous province of ___MASK75___ and the only one to have a predominantly French - speaking population , with French as the sole provincial official language . ___MASK18___ is the application of mathematics and scientific , economic , social , and practical knowledge in order to invent , innovate , design , build , maintain , ___MASK9___ , and improve structures , machines , tools , systems , components , materials , processes , solutions , and organizations . ___MASK75___ ( French : ) is a country in the northern half of North America . Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean , covering , making it the world ' s second - largest country by total area and the fourth - largest country by land area . ___MASK75___ ' s border with the United States is the world ' s longest land border . The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate , but southerly areas are warm in summer . ___MASK75___ is sparsely populated , the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains . About four - fifths of the country ' s population of 36 million people is urbanized and live near the southern border . Its capital is Ottawa , its largest city is Toronto ; other major urban areas include Montreal , Vancouver , Calgary , Edmonton , Quebec City , Winnipeg and Hamilton . David Michael Avis ( born March 20 , 1951 ) is a Canadian and British ___MASK24___ scientist known for his contributions to geometric computations . Avis is a professor in computational geometry and applied mathematics in the School of ___MASK24___ Science , McGill University , in Montreal . Since 2010 , he belongs to Department of Communications and ___MASK24___ Engineering , School of Informatics , Kyoto University . Avis received his Ph . D . in 1977 from Stanford University . He has published more than 70 journal papers and articles . Writing with Komei Fukuda , Avis proposed a reverse - search algorithm for the vertex enumeration problem ; their algorithm generates all of the vertices of a convex polytope . He has a collaboration article with Paul Erds . Therefore , his Erds number is 1 . James McGill ( October 6 , 1744  December 19 , 1813 ) was a British businessman and ___MASK5___ best known for being the founder of McGill University , Montreal . He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada for Montreal West in 1792 and was appointed to the Executive Council of Lower Canada in 1793 . He was the first honorary Lieutenant - Colonel of The Canadian Grenadier Guards . He was also a prominent member of the Château Clique and one of the original founding members of the Beaver Club . His summer home stood within the Golden Square Mile . A ___MASK24___ is a device that can be instructed to carry out an arbitrary set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically . The ability of computers to follow a sequence of operations , called a " program ", make computers very flexible and useful . Such computers are used as control systems for a very wide variety of industrial and consumer devices . This includes simple special purpose devices like microwave ovens and remote controls , factory devices such as industrial robots and ___MASK24___ assisted design , but also in ___MASK44___ purpose devices like personal computers and mobile devices such as smartphones . The Internet is run on computers and it connects millions of other computers . The Island of Montreal , in southwestern Quebec , ___MASK75___ , is located at the confluence of the Saint Lawrence and Ottawa rivers . It is separated from Île Jésus ( Laval ) by the Rivière des Prairies . The Nobel Prize (; Swedish definite form , singular : " Nobelpriset ") is a set of annual international awards bestowed in a number of categories by Swedish and Norwegian institutions in recognition of ___MASK74___ , cultural , and / or scientific advances . Mount Royal is a large volcanic - related hill or small ___MASK70___ in the city of Montreal , immediately west of downtown Montreal , Quebec ( in ___MASK75___ ), the city to which it gave its name . , or is a national university in Kyoto , Japan . It is the second oldest Japanese university , one of Asia ' s highest ranked universities and one of Japan ' s National Seven Universities . One of Asia  s leading ___MASK9___ - oriented institutions , Kyoto University is famed for producing world - class researchers , including ten Nobel Prize laureates , two Fields medalists and one Gauss Prize winner . A university (" a whole ", " a corporation ") is an institution of higher ( or tertiary ) education and ___MASK9___ which grants academic degrees in various subjects . Universities typically provide undergraduate education and postgraduate education . Industry is the production of goods or related services within an economy . The ___MASK19___ source of revenue of a group or company is the indicator of its relevant industry . When a large group has multiple sources of revenue generation , it is considered to be working in different industries . Manufacturing industry became a key sector of production and labour in European and North American countries during the Industrial Revolution , upsetting previous mercantile and feudal economies . This came through many successive rapid advances in technology , such as the production of steel and coal . ___MASK24___ science is the study of the theory , experimentation , and engineering that form the basis for the design and use of computers . It is the scientific and practical approach to computation and its applications and the systematic study of the feasibility , structure , expression , and mechanization of the methodical procedures ( or algorithms ) that underlie the acquisition , representation , processing , storage , communication of , and access to information . An alternate , more succinct definition of ___MASK24___ science is the study of automating algorithmic processes that scale . A ___MASK24___ scientist specializes in the theory of computation and the design of computational systems . Geometry ( from the ; " geo -" " earth ", "- metron " " measurement ") is a branch of mathematics concerned with questions of shape , size , relative position of figures , and the properties of space . A ___MASK47___ who works in the field of geometry is called a geometer . Name . In Japanese , the city has been called Ky , Miyako , or Ky no Miyako . In the 11th century , the city was renamed Kyoto (" capital city "), after the Chinese word for capital city , '. After the city of Edo was renamed Tokyo ( meaning " Eastern Capital ") in 1868 , and the seat of the ___MASK16___ was transferred there , Kyoto was known for a short time as Saiky ( meaning " Western Capital "). Computational geometry is a branch of ___MASK24___ science devoted to the study of algorithms which can be stated in terms of geometry . Some purely geometrical problems arise out of the study of computational geometric algorithms , and such problems are also considered to be part of computational geometry . While modern computational geometry is a recent development , it is one of the oldest fields of computing with history stretching back to antiquity . A royal charter is a formal document issued by a ___MASK37___ as letters patent , granting a right or power to an individual or a body corporate . They were , and are still , used to establish significant organisations such as cities ( with municipal charters ) or universities and learned societies . Charters should be distinguished from warrants and letters of appointment , as they have perpetual effect . Typically , a Royal Charter is produced as a high - quality work of calligraphy on vellum . The British monarchy has issued over 980 royal charters . Of these about 750 remain in existence . The earliest was to the town of Tain in 1066 , making it the oldest Royal Burgh in Scotland , followed by the University of Cambridge in 1231 . Charters continue to be issued by the British Crown , a recent example being that awarded to the Chartered Institute for the Management of Sport and Physical Activity , on 7 April 2011 . In mathematics and ___MASK24___ science , an algorithm is a self - contained sequence of actions to be performed . Algorithms perform calculation , data processing , and / or automated reasoning tasks . McGill University is an English and French - language public ___MASK9___ university in Montreal , Quebec , ___MASK75___ , ranked among the world ' s top 30 institutions . It was established in 1821 by royal charter , issued by King George IV of Great Britain . The University bears the name of James McGill , a prominent Montreal merchant from Scotland whose bequest in 1813 formed the university ' s precursor , McGill College . A ___MASK9___ university is a university that expects all its tenured and tenure - track ___MASK92___ to continuously engage in ___MASK9___ , as opposed to merely requiring it as a condition of an initial appointment or tenure . Such universities can be recognized by their strong focus on innovative ___MASK9___ and the prestige of their brand names . On the one hand , ___MASK9___ universities strive to recruit ___MASK92___ who are the most brilliant minds in their disciplines in the world , and their students enjoy the opportunity to learn from such experts . On the other hand , new students are often disappointed to realize their undergraduate courses at ___MASK9___ universities are overly academic and fail to provide vocational training with immediate " real world " applications ; but many employers value degrees from ___MASK9___ universities because they know that such coursework develops fundamental skills like critical thinking . Broadly speaking , pure mathematics is mathematics that studies entirely abstract concepts . This was a recognizable category of mathematical activity from the 19th century onwards , at variance with the trend towards meeting the needs of navigation , astronomy , ___MASK84___ , economics , engineering , and so on . Montreal officially Montréal in both Canadian English and French , is the most populous municipality in Quebec and the 2nd - most populous in ___MASK75___ . Originally called " Ville - Marie ", or " City of Mary ," it is named after Mount Royal , the triple - peaked hill in the heart of the city . The city is on the Island of Montreal , which took its name from the same source as the city , and a few much smaller peripheral islands , the largest of which is Île Bizard . It has a distinct four - season continental climate with warm to hot summers and cold snowy winters .