mouth_of_the_watercourse chiriaco river
Chile , officially the Republic of Chile , is a South American country occupying a long , narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the ___MASK43___ to the west . It borders Peru to the north , Bolivia to the northeast , Argentina to the east , and the Drake Passage in the far south . Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández , Salas y Gómez , Desventuradas , and Easter Island in Oceania . Chile also claims about of Antarctica , although all claims are suspended under the Antarctic Treaty . Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America . It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia , in the east by Brazil , in the southeast by Bolivia , in the south by Chile , and in the west by the ___MASK43___ . Peru is an extremely biodiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains vertically extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon Basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon river . The ___MASK43___ is the largest of the Earth ' s oceanic divisions . It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the ___MASK56___ ( or , depending on definition , to Antarctica ) in the south and is bounded by Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east . The ___MASK36___ River ( or ; Spanish and ) in South America is the largest river by discharge of water in the world , and according to some experts , the longest in length . The headwaters of the Apurímac River on Nevado Mismi had been considered for nearly a century as the ___MASK36___  s most distant source , until a 2014 study found it to be the Cordillera Rumi Cruz at the headwaters of the Mantaro River in Peru . The Mantaro and Apurímac confluence , and with other tributaries form the ___MASK95___ , which in turn confluences with the ___MASK26___ upstream of Iquitos , Peru , to form what countries other than Brazil consider to be the main stem of the ___MASK36___ . Brazilians call this section the Solimões River above its confluence with the Rio Negro to form what Brazilians call the ___MASK36___ at the Meeting of Waters at Manaus , the river ' s largest city . Ecuador , officially the Republic of Ecuador ( which literally translates as " Republic of the Equator "), is a representative democratic republic in northwestern South America , bordered by Colombia on the north , Peru on the east and south , and the ___MASK43___ to the west . Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific , about west of the mainland . Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in both South America and Latin America . As the world ' s fifth - largest country by both area and population , it is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas . Bounded by the ___MASK86___ on the east , Brazil has a coastline of . It borders all other South American countries except Ecuador and Chile and covers 47 . 3 % of the continent ' s land area . Its Amazon River basin includes a vast tropical forest , home to diverse wildlife , a variety of ecological systems , and extensive natural resources spanning numerous protected habitats . This unique environmental heritage makes Brazil one of 17 megadiverse countries , and is the subject of significant global interest and debate regarding deforestation and environmental protection . The Chiriaco river ( Quechua chiri cold , yaku water , `` cold water '' ) is a river in Peru . The Chiriaco is a tributary of the Marañón and takes Tuntungos , Shushug and Wawas as principal tributaries . The ___MASK36___ basin is the part of South America drained by the ___MASK36___ River and its tributaries . The ___MASK36___ drainage basin covers an area of about , or roughly 40 percent of the South American continent . It is located in the countries of Bolivia , Brazil , Colombia , Ecuador , Guyana , Peru , Suriname and Venezuela .