place_of_birth birger braadland
Orkney , also known as the ___MASK20___ , is an archipelago in the Northern Isles of ___MASK57___ , situated off the north coast of Great Britain . Orkney is 16 kilometres ( 10 mi ) north of the coast of Caithness and comprises approximately 70 islands , of which 20 are inhabited . The largest island Mainland is often referred to as " the Mainland ". It has an area of , making it the sixth - largest Scottish island and the tenth - largest island in the British Isles . The largest settlement and administrative centre is ___MASK39___ . Svalbard ( formerly known by its Dutch name Spitsbergen ) is a Norwegian archipelago in the Arctic Ocean . Situated north ___MASK69___ mainland Europe , it is about midway between continental Norway and the North Pole . The islands ___MASK69___ the group range from 74 ° to 81 ° north latitude , and from 10 ° to 35 ° east longitude . The largest ___MASK97___ is Spitsbergen , followed by Nordaustlandet and Edgeøya . ___MASK7___ , officially the Kingdom ___MASK69___ ___MASK7___ ( Swedish : ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe . It borders Norway to the west and Finland to the east , and is connected to ___MASK26___ in the southwest by a ___MASK90___ - tunnel across the Öresund . At , ___MASK7___ is the third - largest country in the European Union by area , with a total population ___MASK69___ 10 . 0 million . ___MASK7___ consequently has a low population density ___MASK69___ , with the highest concentration in the southern half ___MASK69___ the country . Approximately 85 % ___MASK69___ the population lives in urban areas . An ___MASK97___ or isle is any piece of sub - continental land that is surrounded by water . Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets , skerries , cays or keys . An ___MASK97___ in a river or a lake ___MASK97___ may be called an eyot or ait , and a small ___MASK97___ off the coast may be called a holm . A grouping of geographically or geologically related islands is called an archipelago , e . g . the ___MASK5___ . Härjedalen is a historical province or " landskap " in the ___MASK89___ of Sweden . It borders the country of Norway as well as the provinces of ___MASK84___ , Hälsingland , Medelpad , and Jämtland . The province originally belonged to Norway , but was ceded to Sweden in the Treaty of Brömsebro , 1645 . Antarctica ( US English , UK English or ) is Earth ' s southernmost continent . It contains the geographic South Pole and is situated in the Antarctic region ___MASK69___ the Southern Hemisphere , almost entirely south ___MASK69___ the Antarctic Circle , and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean . At , it is the fifth - largest continent . For comparison , Antarctica is nearly twice the size ___MASK69___ ___MASK21___ . About 98 % ___MASK69___ Antarctica is covered by ice that averages in thickness , which extends to all but the northernmost reaches ___MASK69___ the Antarctic Peninsula . Birger Braadland ( 26 January 1879 , ___MASK59___ , ___MASK54___ -- 15 January 1966 , ___MASK59___ , ___MASK54___ ) was a Norwegian politician for the Agrarian Party . He started his career as a professional officer , but retired from the army in 1919 to become a forester . He was Minister for Foreign Affairs for the Kolstad cabinet ___MASK69___ 1931 - 1932 and the Hundseid cabinet ___MASK69___ 1932 - 1933 . Towards the end ___MASK69___ the Kolstad cabinet , he was briefly also acting prime minister in 1932 . Though his tenure was brief , he was forced to deal with a dispute with ___MASK26___ over Greenland . He was also a marked opponent ___MASK69___ fellow cabinet member Vidkun Quisling . After the fall ___MASK69___ the government , Braadland became a member ___MASK69___ the Norwegian parliament . He sat for ___MASK6___ from 1934 to 1936 , and as deputy representative from 1937 to 1945 . He also served on the Norwegian Nobel Committee from 1938 to 1948 . His son Erik Braadland later became a member ___MASK69___ Parliament . ___MASK66___ is an autonomous constituent country within the Danish Realm between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans , east ___MASK69___ the ___MASK92___ Arctic Archipelago . Though physiographically a part ___MASK69___ the continent ___MASK69___ North America , ___MASK66___ has been politically and culturally associated with Europe ( specifically Norway and ___MASK26___ , the colonial powers , as well as the nearby island ___MASK69___ Iceland ) for more than a millennium . The majority ___MASK69___ its residents are Inuit , whose ancestors migrated began migrating from the ___MASK92___ mainland in the 13th century , gradually settling across the island . Bokmål ( literally " book tongue ") is an official written standard for the Norwegian language , alongside Nynorsk . Bokmål is the preferred written standard ___MASK69___ Norwegian for 85 % to 90 % ___MASK69___ the population in Norway , and is ___MASK56___ used by people who speak Standard Østnorsk . Jämtland ( Norwegian : " Jemtland "; Latin : " Iemptia ") or Jamtland is a historical province (" landskap ") in the ___MASK46___ of Sweden in northern Europe . It borders to Härjedalen and Medelpad in the south , Ångermanland in the east , Lapland in the north and ___MASK86___ and Norway in the west . Jämtland covers an area of 34 , 009 square kilometres , 8 . 3 % of Sweden ' s total area and is the second largest province in Sweden . It has a population of 112 , 717 , the majority of whom live in " Storsjöbygden ", the area surrounding lake Storsjön . Östersund is Jämtland ' s only city and is the 24th most populous city in Sweden . ___MASK76___ is a historical and cultural region in Northern Europe characterized by a common ethnocultural North Germanic heritage and mutually intelligible North Germanic languages . ___MASK54___ (; Norwegian : ( Bokmål ) or ( Nynorsk ); Sami : " Norgga "), officially the Kingdom ___MASK69___ ___MASK54___ , is a sovereign and unitary monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion ___MASK69___ the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the ___MASK97___ Jan Mayen and the archipelago ___MASK69___ Svalbard . The Antarctic Peter I ___MASK97___ and the sub - Antarctic Bouvet ___MASK97___ are dependent territories and thus not considered part ___MASK69___ the Kingdom . ___MASK54___ also lays claim to a section ___MASK69___ Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land . Until 1814 , the Kingdom included the Faroe Islands ( since 1035 ), Greenland ( 1261 ), and Iceland ( 1262 ). It also included ___MASK93___ and Orkney until 1468 . It also included the following provinces , now in Sweden : Jämtland , Härjedalen and Bohuslän . Jan ___MASK80___ is a volcanic ___MASK97___ in the Arctic Ocean and a part of Norway . It is long ( southwest - northeast ) and in area , partly covered by glaciers ( an area of around the Beerenberg volcano ). It has two parts : larger northeast Nord - Jan and smaller Sør - Jan , linked by a wide isthmus . It lies northeast of Iceland ( 495 km ( 305 mi ) NE of Kolbeinsey ), east of central Greenland and west of the North Cape , Norway . The ___MASK97___ is mountainous , the highest summit being the Beerenberg volcano in the north . The isthmus is the location of the two largest lakes of the ___MASK97___ , Sørlaguna ( South Lagoon ), and Nordlaguna ( North Lagoon ). A third lake is called Ullerenglaguna ( Ullereng Lagoon ). Jan ___MASK80___ was formed by the Jan ___MASK80___ hotspot . Peter I ___MASK97___ is an uninhabited volcanic ___MASK97___ in the Bellingshausen Sea , from Antarctica . It is claimed as a dependency of Norway , and along with Queen Maud Land and Bouvet ___MASK97___ comprises one of the three Norwegian dependent territories in the Antarctic and Subantarctic . Peter I ___MASK97___ is long and , slightly larger than ___MASK50___ . The tallest peak is the ultra and tall Lars Christensen Peak . Nearly all of the ___MASK97___ is covered by a glacier and it is surrounded most of the year by pack ice , making it inaccessible almost all year round . There is little life on the ___MASK97___ apart from seabirds and seals . Queen Maud Land is a c . 2 . 7 million - square - kilometre ( 1 million sq mi ) region ___MASK69___ Antarctica claimed as a dependent territory by Norway . The territory lies between 20 ° west and 45 ° east , between the British Antarctic Territory to the west and the Australian Antarctic Territory to the east . On ___MASK56___ maps there had been an unclaimed area between Queen Maud Land ' s borders ___MASK69___ 1939 and the South Pole until June 12 , 2015 when Norway formally annexed that area . Positioned in East Antarctica , the territory comprises about one - fifth ___MASK69___ the total area ___MASK69___ Antarctica . The claim is named after the Norwegian queen Maud ___MASK69___ ___MASK47___ ( 1869  1938 ). ___MASK6___ is a county in southeastern Norway , bordering Akershus and southwestern Sweden ( Västra Götaland County and Värmland ), while Buskerud and Vestfold are on the other side of Oslofjord . The county ' s administrative seat is Sarpsborg . The Scandinavian ___MASK37___ (; " Skandinavsky poluostrov ") is a ___MASK37___ in Northern Europe , which generally comprises the mainland ___MASK69___ Sweden , the mainland ___MASK69___ Norway ( with the exception ___MASK69___ a small coastal area bordering Russia ), the northwestern area ___MASK69___ Finland , as well as a narrow area in the west ___MASK69___ the Pechengsky District ___MASK69___ Russia . The ___MASK91___ ( Irish : " Na Scigirí ") are an archipelago between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic approximately halfway between Norway and Iceland , north - northwest of mainland ___MASK57___ . The area is approximately with a 2016 population of 49 , 188 . The islands are an autonomous country within the Kingdom of Denmark . The seat ___MASK69___ the municipality , ___MASK63___ is a border town located at the mouth ___MASK69___ Tista River on the Iddefjord , the southernmost border crossing between Norway and Sweden . The town ___MASK69___ ___MASK63___ is located about south ___MASK69___ Oslo , north ___MASK69___ Gothenburg , and east ___MASK69___ the border crossing at Svinesund . A monarchy is a form ___MASK69___ government in which a group , usually a family called the dynasty , embodies the country ' s national identity and one ___MASK69___ its members , called the monarch , exercises a role ___MASK69___ sovereignty . The actual power ___MASK69___ the monarch may vary from purely symbolic ( crowned ___MASK82___ ), to partial and restricted (" constitutional " monarchy ), to completely autocratic (" absolute " monarchy ). Traditionally and in most cases , the monarch ' s post is inherited and lasts until death or abdication , but there are also elective monarchies where the monarch is elected . Each ___MASK69___ these has variations : in some elected monarchies only those ___MASK69___ certain pedigrees are , whereas many hereditary monarchies impose requirements regarding the religion , age , gender , mental capacity , and other factors . Occasionally this might create a situation ___MASK69___ rival claimants whose legitimacy is subject to effective election . Finally , there have been cases where the term ___MASK69___ a monarch ' s reign is either fixed in years or continues until certain goals are achieved : an invasion being repulsed , for instance . Thus there are widely divergent structures and traditions defining monarchy . Monarchy was the most common form ___MASK69___ government until the 19th century , but it is no longer prevalent . Where it exists , it is now usually a constitutional monarchy , in which the monarch retains a unique legal and ceremonial role , but exercises limited or no official political power : under the written or unwritten constitution , others have governing authority . Currently , 47 sovereign nations in the world have monarchs acting as heads ___MASK69___ state , 19 ___MASK69___ which are Commonwealth realms that recognise Queen Elizabeth II as their head ___MASK69___ state . All European monarchies are constitutional ones , with the exception ___MASK69___ the Vatican City which is an elective monarchy , but sovereigns in the smaller states exercise greater political influence than in the larger . The monarchs ___MASK69___ Cambodia , Japan , and Malaysia " reign , but do not rule " although there is considerable variation in the degree ___MASK69___ authority they wield . Although they reign under constitutions , the monarchs ___MASK69___ Brunei , Morocco , Oman , Qatar , Saudi Arabia and ___MASK22___ appear to continue to exercise more political influence than any other single source ___MASK69___ authority in their nations , either by constitutional mandate or by tradition . ___MASK85___ is a Swedish province in Götaland , on the northernmost part ___MASK69___ the country ' s west coast . It is bordered by Dalsland to the northeast , ___MASK81___ to the southeast , the Skagerrak arm ___MASK69___ the North Sea to the west , and the county ___MASK69___ ___MASK6___ , in Norway , to the north . Bouvet ___MASK97___ ( Norwegian : Bouvetøya , previously spelled Bouvet - øya ) is an uninhabited subantarctic high ___MASK97___ and dependency of Norway located in the South Atlantic Ocean at . It lies at the southern end of the Mid - Atlantic Ridge and is the ___MASK56___ remote ___MASK97___ in the world , approximately south - southwest of the coast of South Africa and approximately north of the Princess Astrid Coast of Queen Maud Land , Antarctica . ___MASK59___ is a ___MASK88___ and former municipality in ___MASK63___ , Østfold county , Norway . An archipelago , sometimes called an ___MASK97___ group or ___MASK97___ chain , is a chain , cluster or collection of islands . The word " archipelago " is derived from the Greek "  -  arkhi -" (" chief ") and "   pélagos " (" sea ") through the Italian " arcipelago ". In Italian , possibly following a tradition of antiquity , the Archipelago ( from medieval Greek "*  " and Latin " archipelagus ") was the proper name for the ___MASK2___ and , later , usage shifted to refer to the Aegean Islands ( since the sea is remarkable for its large number of islands ). It is now used to refer to any ___MASK97___ group or , sometimes , to a sea containing a small number of scattered islands . Nynorsk , literally New Norwegian or New Norse , is one ___MASK69___ the two written standards ___MASK69___ the Norwegian language , the other being Bokmål . From 1885 , when the parliament declared them official and equal , until new voting in 1929 , their names were Landsmål and Riksmål . The Landsmål language standard was constructed by the Norwegian linguist Ivar Aasen during the mid - 19th century , to provide a Norwegian - based alternative to Danish , which was commonly written , and to some extent spoken , in Norway at the ___MASK100___ . The official standard ___MASK69___ Nynorsk has since been significantly altered . A minor purist fraction ___MASK69___ the Nynorsk populace has stayed firm with the Aasen norm , which is known as Høgnorsk ( analogous to High German ). The ___MASK82___ of Iceland , " Lýðveldið Ísland " in Icelandic , is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean . It has a population of and an area of , making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe . The capital and largest city is Reykjavík . Reykjavík and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two - thirds of the population . Iceland is volcanically and geologically active . The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields , mountains and glaciers , while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands . Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate , despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle . Its high latitude and marine influence still keeps summers chilly , with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate . ___MASK93___ , also called the ___MASK93___ Islands , is a subarctic archipelago that lies northeast of the island of Great Britain and forms part of ___MASK57___ , United Kingdom .