occupation ravindra svarupa dasa
The Ivy League is a collegiate athletic conference comprising sports teams from eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States . The conference name is also commonly used to refer to those eight schools as a group beyond the sports context . The eight institutions are Brown University , Columbia University , Cornell University , Dartmouth College , Harvard University , the University of Pennsylvania , Princeton University , and Yale University . The term " Ivy League " has connotations of ___MASK71___ excellence , selectivity in admissions , and social elitism . Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati (; 6 February 1874  1 January 1937 ), born Bimala Prasad Datta , also referred to as Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura , was a prominent ___MASK19___ and spiritual reformer of Gaudiya Vaishnavism in the early 20th century in India . Vanaprastha literally means " retiring into a forest ". It is also a concept in Hindu traditions , representing the third of four " ashrama " ( stages ) of human life , the other three being Brahmacharya ( bachelor ___MASK9___ , 1st stage ), Grihastha ( married householder , 2nd stage ) and Sannyasa ( renunciation ascetic , 4th stage ). Philosophy ( from Greek , " philosophia ", literally " love of wisdom ") is the study of ___MASK47___ and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence , knowledge , values , reason , mind , and language . The term was probably coined by Pythagoras ( c . 570  c . 495 BC ). Philosophical methods include questioning , critical discussion , rational argument and systematic presentation . Classic philosophical questions include : Is it possible to know anything and to prove it ? What is most real ? However , philosophers might also pose more practical and concrete questions such as : Is there a best way to live ? Is it better to be just or unjust ( if one can get away with it )? Do humans have free will ? Hinduism is a ___MASK59___ , or a way of life , found most notably in India and Nepal . Hinduism has been called the oldest ___MASK59___ in the world , and some practitioners and scholars refer to it as "", " the eternal law ," or the " eternal way ," beyond human origins . Scholars regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions , with diverse roots and no founder . This " Hindu synthesis " started to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE following the Vedic period ( 1500 BCE to 500 BCE ). The colonial colleges are nine institutions of higher education chartered in the American Colonies before the ___MASK27___ became a ___MASK67___ nation after the American Revolution . These nine have long been considered together , notably in the survey of their origins in the 1907 " The Cambridge History of English and American Literature ". Seven of the nine colonial colleges are part of the Ivy League athletic conference : Harvard , Yale , Penn , Princeton , Columbia , Brown , and Dartmouth . ( The eighth member of the Ivy League , Cornell University , was founded in 1865 .) ___MASK6___ studies , alternately known as the study of religion , is the multi - disciplinary academic field devoted to research into ___MASK6___ beliefs , behaviors , and institutions . It describes , compares , interprets , and explains religion , emphasizing systematic , historically based , and cross - cultural perspectives . Temple University ( commonly referred to as Temple ) is an American state - related - public doctoral university located in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . It was founded in 1884 by Baptist ___MASK75___ Russell Conwell . In 1882 , Conwell came to Pennsylvania to lead the Grace Baptist Church while he began tutoring working class citizens late at night to accommodate their work schedules . These students , later dubbed " night owls ," were taught in the basement of Conwell ' s Baptist Temple , hence the origin of the university ' s name and mascot . By 1907 , the institution revised its institutional status and incorporated as a university . Ravindra Svarupa Dasa ( born William H . Deadwyler , III ) is a ___MASK6___ studies scholar and a Hare Krishna ___MASK6___ leader . He was initiated by A . C . Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada in 1971 . He has been a member of ISKCON ' s Governing Body Commission since 1987 , Chairman of that Commission ' s North American GBC Continental Committee , is the president of ISKCON of Philadelphia , and an ISKCON Guru . He holds an M . A . and Ph . D . in Religion from Temple University and a B . A . in philosophy from the University of Pennsylvania . He has written extensively on Vaishnava philosophy and used his education to further the discourse of Gaudiya Vaishnava Theology within the context of ISKCON . He is the author of Encounter with the Lord of the Universe : Collected Essays 1978 - 1983 ( Washington , DC : Gita Nagari Press , 1984 ) . He also is featured on Shelter ' s Attaining the Supreme , where he gives a lecture on a hidden track . The Association of American Universities ( AAU ) is an international organization of leading ___MASK95___ universities devoted to maintaining a strong system of academic ___MASK95___ and education . It consists of 60 universities in the United States ( both public and private ) and two universities in ___MASK17___ . The University of Pennsylvania ( commonly known as Penn or UPenn ) is a private , Ivy League university located in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , United States . Incorporated as " The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania ", Penn is one of 14 founding members of the Association of American Universities and one of the nine original colonial colleges . ___MASK59___ is a cultural system of behaviors and practices , world views , sacred texts , holy places , ethics , and societal organisation that relate humanity to what an anthropologist has called " an order of existence ". Different religions may or may not contain various elements , ranging from the " divine ", " sacred things ", " faith ", a " supernatural being or supernatural beings " or " some sort of ultimacy and transcendence that will provide norms and power for the rest of life ." In Indian religions and society , an acharya ( IAST : ) is a preceptor or instructor in ___MASK6___ matters ; founder , or leader of a sect ; or a highly learned man or a title affixed to the names of learned men . The designation has different meanings in Hinduism , Buddhism , Jainism and secular contexts . It is also a Brahmin surname found in Nepal and across India , including Odisha , West Bengal and Maharashtra . Russell Herman Conwell ( February 15 , 1843  December 6 , 1925 ) was an American Baptist ___MASK75___ , orator , philanthropist , lawyer , and ___MASK45___ . He is best remembered as the founder and first president of Temple University in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , as the Pastor of The Baptist Temple , and for his inspirational lecture , " Acres of Diamonds ". He was born in South Worthington , Massachusetts , and was buried in the Founder ' s Garden at Temple University . Pythagoras of Samos ( or simply ;  in Ionian Greek ) was an Ionian Greek ___MASK89___ , mathematician , and the putative founder of the movement called Pythagoreanism . Most of the information about Pythagoras was written down centuries after he lived , so very little reliable information is known about him . He was born on the island of Samos , and travelled , visiting Egypt and Greece , and maybe India . Around 530 BC , he moved to Croton , in Magna Graecia , and there established some kind of school or guild . In 520 BC , he returned to Samos . Hindu refers to any person who regards themselves as culturally , ethnically , or religiously adhering to aspects of Hinduism . It has historically been used as a geographical , cultural , rather than a ___MASK6___ identifier for people indigenous to South Asia . Language is the ability to acquire and use complex systems of communication , particularly the human ability to do so , and a language is any specific example of such a system . The scientific study of language is called ___MASK10___ . Questions concerning the philosophy of language , such as whether words can represent experience , have been debated since Gorgias and Plato in Ancient Greece . Thinkers such as Rousseau have argued that language originated from emotions while others like Kant have held that it originated from rational and logical thought . 20th - century philosophers such as Wittgenstein argued that philosophy is really the study of language . ___MASK13___ figures in ___MASK10___ include Ferdinand de Saussure and Noam Chomsky . Krishna ( ___MASK50___ : , "" in IAST , pronounced ) is a ___MASK13___ Hindu deity worshiped in a variety of different perspectives . Krishna is recognized as the Svayam Bhagavan in his own right or as the absolute incarnation of Lord Vishnu . Krishna is one of the most widely worshiped and popular of all Hindu deities . Krishna ' s birthday is celebrated every year by Hindus on the eighth day ( Ashtami ) of the Krishna Paksha ( dark fortnight ) of the month of Shraavana in the Hindu calendar . A ___MASK89___ is someone who practices philosophy , which involves rational inquiry into areas that are outside of either theology or science . The term " ___MASK89___ " comes from the Ancient Greek (" philosophos ") meaning " lover of wisdom ". The coining of the term has been attributed to the Greek thinker Pythagoras ( 6th century BC ). ___MASK50___ ( English pronunciation :; written in Devanagari ___MASK37___ ; : or ', originally ', " refined speech ") is the primary sacred language of Hinduism and " Mahyna " Buddhism , a philosophical language in Hinduism , Jainism , Buddhism and Sikhism . It was also a literary language that was in use as a " lingua franca " in ancient and medieval South Asia . It is a standardised dialect of Old Indo - Aryan , originating as Vedic ___MASK50___ and tracing its linguistic ancestry back to Proto - Indo - Iranian and Proto - Indo - European . Today it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand . As one of the oldest Indo - European languages for which substantial written documentation exists , ___MASK50___ holds a prominent position in Indo - European studies . A swami (" svm " ), sometimes abbreviated  sw ., is an ___MASK100___ or yogi who has been initiated into the ___MASK6___ monastic order , founded by some ___MASK6___ ___MASK14___ . It is believed to be originally used for the ones who were initiated into to the Advaita Vedanta movement , started by Adi Shankara . The usage of this word is not just for a yogi but also used for a ___MASK6___ guru , with or without disciples . Holy places , (" Loca sancta ") are sites that a ___MASK59___ considers to be of special ___MASK6___ significance . They are usually places visited by pilgrims . The International Society for Krishna Consciousness ( ISKCON ), known colloquially as the Hare Krishna movement or Hare Krishnas , is a Gaudiya Vaishnava Hindu ___MASK6___ organisation . ISKCON was founded in 1966 in New York City by A . C . Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada who is worshipped by followers as Guru and spiritual master . Its core beliefs are based on select traditional Hindu scriptures , particularly the " Bhagavad - gt " and the " rmad Bhgavatam ". ISKCON says it is a direct descendant of Brahma - Madhva - Gaudiya Vaishnava Sampradaya . The appearance of the movement and its culture come from the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition , which has had adherents in India since the late 15th century and American and European converts since the early 1900s in North America , and in England in the 1930s . The Governing Body Commission ( GBC ) is the managerial authority of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness ( ISKCON ). ISKCON ' s ___MASK99___ , A . C . Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada , created the GBC in 1970 and since then it has met on an annual basis , usually in Mayapur , India . Gaudiya Vaishnavism ( also known as Chaitanya Vaishnavism and Hare Krishna ) is a Vaishnava ___MASK6___ movement founded by Chaitanya Mahaprabhu ( 1486  1534 ) in India . " Gaudiya " refers to the Gaua region ( present day Bengal / Bangladesh ) with Vaishnavism meaning " the worship of Vishnu or Krishna ". Its philosophical basis is primarily that of the Bhagavad Gita and Bhagavata Purana . Vaishnavism (" Vaishnava dharma ") is one of the ___MASK13___ traditions within Hinduism along with Shaivism , Shaktism , and Smartism . It is also called Vishnuism , its followers are called Vaishnavas , and it considers Vishnu as the Supreme Lord . ___MASK19___ (. IAST : " ___MASK19___ ") is a ___MASK50___ term that connotes someone who is a " ___MASK14___ , guide , expert , or master " of certain knowledge or field . In pan - Indian traditions , " ___MASK19___ " is someone more than a ___MASK14___ , traditionally a reverential figure to the student , with the " ___MASK19___ " serving as a " counselor , who helps mold values , shares experiential knowledge as much as literal knowledge , an exemplar in life , an inspirational source and who helps in the spiritual evolution of a student ." The term also refers to someone who primarily is one ' s spiritual guide , who helps one to discover the same potentialities that the " ___MASK19___ " s already realized . Abhay Charanaravinda Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada (" Abhoy Charonarobindo Bhoktibedanto Swamy Probhupad "; ___MASK50___ : , IAST : '; 1 September 1896  14 November 1977 ) was a Gaudiya Vaishnava spiritual ___MASK14___ ( guru ) and the founder preceptor ( acharya ) of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness ( ISKCON ), commonly known as the " Hare Krishna Movement ". His mission was to propagate Gaudiya Vaishnavism , a school of Vaishnavite Hinduism that had been taught to him by his guru , Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati , throughout the world . Born Abhay Charan De in Calcutta , he was educated at the prestigious local Scottish Church College . Before adopting the life of a pious renunciant ( vanaprastha ) in 1950 , he was married with children and owned a small pharmaceutical business . Reason is the capacity for consciously making sense of things , applying logic , establishing and verifying facts , and changing or justifying practices , institutions , and beliefs based on new or existing information . It is closely associated with such characteristically human activities as philosophy , ___MASK40___ , language , mathematics , and art and is normally considered to be a definitive characteristic of human nature . Reason , or an aspect of it , is sometimes referred to as rationality . Modern humans (" Homo sapiens ", primarily ssp . " Homo sapiens sapiens ") are the only extant members of Hominina tribe ( or human tribe ), a branch of the tribe Hominini belonging to the family of great apes . They are characterized by erect posture and bipedal locomotion ; manual dexterity and increased tool use , compared to other animals ; and a ___MASK47___ trend toward larger , more complex brains and societies .