genre martin codax
In the Middle Ages , the Galician - Portuguese lyric , sometimes called trovadorismo in Portugal and trobadorismo in Galicia , was a lyric poetic school or movement . All told , there are around 1680 texts in the so - called secular lyric or " lírica profana " ( see Cantigas de Santa Maria for the religious lyric ). At the time Galician - Portuguese was the language used in nearly all of Iberia for lyric ( as opposed to ___MASK96___ ) ___MASK31___ . From this language derives both modern Galician and Portuguese . The school , which was influenced to some extent ( mainly in certain formal aspects ) by the Occitan troubadours , is first documented at the end of the twelfth century and lasted until the middle of the fourteenth , with its zenith coming in the middle of the thirteenth century , centered on the person of Alfonso X , " The Wise King ". It is the earliest known poetic movement in Galicia or Portugal and represents not only the beginnings of but one of the high points of poetic history in both countries and in Medieval Europe . Modern Galicia has seen a revival movement called Neotrobadorismo . Vigo (, ) is a city and municipality in the province of Pontevedra , in Galicia , north - west Spain on the Atlantic Ocean . It is the capital of the comarca of Vigo and Vigo metropolitan area . Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a sovereign state largely located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe , with two large archipelagos , the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands off the North African Atlantic coast , two cities Ceuta and Melilla in the North African mainland and several small islands in the Alboran Sea near the Moroccan coast . Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar ; to the north and northeast by France , Andorra , and the Bay of Biscay ; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean . It is the only European ___MASK37___ to have a border with an African ___MASK37___ ( Morocco ) and its African territory accounts for nearly 5 % of its population , mostly in the Canary Islands but also in Ceuta and Melilla . The Cancioneiro da Vaticana (, Vatican Songbook ) is a compilation of troubadour lyrics in Galician - Portuguese . It was discovered c . 1840 in the holdings of the Vatican Library and was first transcribed by D . Caetano Lopes de Moura in 1847 , sponsored by Viscount of Carreira , end again by Ernesto Monaci in 1875 . Martin Codax ( Galician : ( mati koða ) ) or Martim Codax ( Portuguese : ( mt kuða ) ) was a Galician medieval joglar ( non - noble composer and performer -- as opposed to a trobador ) - possibly from Vigo , Galicia in present day Spain . He may have been active during the middle of the thirteenth century , judging from scriptological analysis ( Monteagudo 2008 ) . He is one of only two out of a total of 88 authors of cantigas d ' amigo who used only the archaic strophic form aaB ( a rhymed distich followed by a refrain ) . He employed an archaic rhyme - system whereby i ~ o / a ~ o were used in alternating strophes . In addition Martin Codax consistently utilised a strict parallelistic technique known as leixa - pren ( see the example below ; the order of the third and fourth strophes is inverted in the Pergaminho Vindel but the correct order appears in the Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional and the Cancioneiro da Vaticana ) . There is no documentary biographical information concerning the poet , dating the work at present remains based on theoretical analysis of the text . The Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional (, " The National Library Songbook "), commonly called Colocci - Brancuti , is a compilation of Galician - Portuguese lyrics by both troubadours and " jograes " ( non - noble performers and composers ) . These " cantigas " ( songs ) are classified , following indications in the poems themselves and in the ___MASK17___ tradition , into three main genres : " cantigas de amigo " ( female - voiced ___MASK15___ songs , about a boyfriend ), " cantigas de amor " ( male - voiced ___MASK15___ songs ) and " cantigas de escárnio e mal - dizer " ( songs of mockery and insult ). A cantiga ( cantica , cantar ) is a medieval monophonic ___MASK79___ , characteristic of the Galician - Portuguese lyric . Over 400 extant " cantigas " come from the " Cantigas de Santa Maria ", ___MASK3___ songs about miracles or hymns in praise of the Holy Virgin . There are near 1700 secular " cantigas " but music has only survived for a very few : six cantigas de amigo by Martín Codax and seven " cantigas de amor " by Denis of Portugal . Cantiga is also the name of a poetic and musical form of the Renaissance , often associated with the villancico and the canción . Galician - Portuguese , also known as Old Portuguese or Medieval Galician , was a West Iberian ___MASK14___ language spoken in the Middle Ages , in the northwest area of the Iberian Peninsula . Alternatively , it can be considered a historical period of the Galician and Portuguese languages . A troubadour was a composer and performer of Old Occitan lyric ___MASK31___ during the High Middle Ages ( 1100  1350 ). Since the word " troubadour " is etymologically masculine , a female troubadour is usually called a trobairitz . Pontevedra is a province of Spain along the ___MASK37___ ' s Atlantic coast in southwestern Europe . The province forms the southwestern part of the autonomous community of Galicia . It is bordered by the provinces of A Coruña , Lugo , and Ourense , the ___MASK37___ of Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean . The official languages of the Pontevedra province are Spanish and Galician . The Vatican Apostolic Library , more commonly called the Vatican Library or simply the Vat , is the library of the Holy See , located in Vatican City . Formally established in 1475 , although it is much older , it is one of the oldest libraries in the world and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts . It currently has 75 , 000 codices from throughout ___MASK8___ , as well as 1 . 1 million printed books , which include some 8 , 500 incunabula .