has_part clafoutis
Crème caramel , flan , or caramel pudding is ___MASK64___ custard dessert with ___MASK64___ layer of soft caramel on top , as opposed to crème brûlée , which is pudding with ___MASK64___ hard caramel top . The dish is eaten throughout the world . British ___MASK39___ is the ___MASK39___ ___MASK7___ as spoken and written in the United Kingdom or , more broadly , throughout the British Isles . Slight regional variations exist in formal , written ___MASK39___ in the United Kingdom . For example , the adjective " wee " is almost exclusively used in parts of Scotland and ___MASK37___ , and occasionally Yorkshire , whereas " little " is predominant elsewhere . Nevertheless , there is a meaningful degree of uniformity in " written " ___MASK39___ within the United Kingdom , and this could be described by the term " British ___MASK39___ ". The forms of " spoken " ___MASK39___ , however , vary considerably more than in most other areas of the world where ___MASK39___ is spoken , so a uniform concept of British ___MASK39___ is more difficult to apply to the spoken ___MASK7___ . According to Tom McArthur in the " Oxford Guide to World ___MASK39___ ", British ___MASK39___ shares " all the ambiguities and tensions in the word " British " and as a result can be used and interpreted in two ways , more broadly or more narrowly , within a range of blurring and ambiguity ." ___MASK64___ saturated ___MASK97___ is a type of ___MASK97___ in which the fatty acids all have single bonds . ___MASK8___ is a dairy product containing up to 80 % butterfat ( in commercial products ) which is ___MASK67___ when chilled and at room temperature in some regions and liquid when warmed . It is made by churning fresh or fermented cream or milk , to separate the butterfat from the buttermilk . It is generally used as a spread on plain or toasted bread products and a condiment on cooked vegetables , as well as in cooking , such as baking , sauce making , and pan frying . ___MASK8___ consists of butterfat , milk proteins and water , and in some types , added salt . ___MASK8___ may also be sold with added flavourings , such as garlic butter . ___MASK64___ liqueur ( or ) is an alcoholic beverage made from ___MASK64___ distilled spirit that has been flavored with ___MASK77___ , ___MASK41___ , herbs , spices , flowers or nuts and bottled with added sugar or other sweetener ( such as high - fructose corn ___MASK44___ ). Liqueurs are typically quite sweet ; they are usually not aged for long after the ingredients are mixed , but may have resting periods during their production to allow flavors to marry . ___MASK31___ ( from Latin " vinum ") is an alcoholic beverage made from fermented grapes . These grapes are generally " Vitis vinifera ," or a hybrid with " Vitis labrusca " or " Vitis rupestris ". Grapes are fermented without the addition of sugars , acids , enzymes , ___MASK5___ , or other nutrients . Yeast consumes the sugar in the grapes and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide . Different varieties of grapes and strains of yeasts produce different styles of wine . These variations result from the complex interactions between the biochemical development of the grape , the reactions involved in fermentation , the terroir , and the production process . Many countries enact legal appellations intended to define styles and qualities of wine . These typically restrict the geographical origin and permitted varieties of grapes , as well as other aspects of wine production . Flan is an open , rimmed , ___MASK47___ or sponge ___MASK62___ , containing a sweet or savoury filling . Examples are the quiche lorraine , custard tart , and the South African melktert . In British English , flan is synonymous with tart . British savoury flans may have diverged from the Spanish and French custard flans ( also known as crème caramel ) in the Middle Ages . Butterfat or milkfat is the fatty portion of ___MASK76___ . ___MASK76___ and ___MASK41___ are often sold according to the amount of butterfat they contain . ___MASK64___ centrifuge is ___MASK64___ piece of equipment that puts an object in rotation around ___MASK64___ fixed axis ( spins it in ___MASK64___ ___MASK33___ ), applying ___MASK64___ potentially strong force perpendicular to the axis of spin ( outward ). The centrifuge works using the sedimentation principle , where the centripetal acceleration causes denser substances and particles to move outward in the radial direction . At the same time , objects that are less dense are displaced and move to the center . In ___MASK64___ laboratory centrifuge that uses sample tubes , the radial acceleration causes denser particles to settle to the bottom of the tube , while low - density substances rise to the top . ___MASK64___ ___MASK46___ and ___MASK30___ is a kitchen device used since ancient times to prepare ingredients or substances by crushing and grinding them into a fine paste or powder . The " ___MASK46___ " is a bowl , typically made of hard wood , ceramic or ___MASK78___ . The " ___MASK30___ " is a heavy and blunt club - shaped object , the end of which is used for crushing and grinding . The substance to be ground is placed in the ___MASK46___ and ground , crushed or mixed using a ___MASK30___ . In the ___MASK20___ of Europe , the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted from the 5th to the 15th century . It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery . The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western ___MASK20___ : classical antiquity , the medieval period , and the modern period . The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early , High , and Late Middle Ages . ___MASK41___ is a dairy product composed of the higher - butterfat layer skimmed from the top of milk before homogenization . In un - homogenized milk , the ___MASK97___ , which is less dense , will eventually rise to the top . In the industrial production of cream , this process is accelerated by using centrifuges called " separators ". In many countries , cream is sold in several grades depending on the total butterfat content . ___MASK41___ can be dried to a powder for shipment to distant markets . ___MASK41___ has high levels of saturated ___MASK97___ . ___MASK64___ tart is ___MASK64___ baked dish consisting of ___MASK64___ filling over ___MASK64___ ___MASK47___ ___MASK62___ with an open top not covered with ___MASK47___ . The ___MASK47___ is usually shortcrust ___MASK47___ ; the filling may be sweet or savoury , though modern tarts are usually fruit - based , sometimes with custard . Tartlet refers to ___MASK64___ miniature tart ; an example would be ___MASK60___ tarts . The categories of ' tart ', ' flan ', ' quiche ', and ' pie ' overlap , with no sharp distinctions . Melktert , Afrikaans for " ___MASK76___ tart ", is ___MASK64___ South African dessert consisting of ___MASK64___ sweet ___MASK47___ crust containing ___MASK64___ creamy filling made from ___MASK76___ , flour , sugar and eggs . The ratio of ___MASK76___ to ___MASK60___ is higher than in ___MASK64___ traditional Portuguese custard tart ( Pastéis de nata ) or Chinese ___MASK60___ tart (" dan ta "), in which both was influenced by the Portuguese , resulting in ___MASK64___ lighter texture and ___MASK64___ stronger ___MASK76___ flavour . Some recipes require the custard to be baked in the crust , and others call for the custard to be prepared in advance , and then placed in the crust before serving . Cinnamon is often sprinkled over its surface . The ___MASK76___ used for the custard can also be infused with ___MASK64___ cinnamon stick before preparation . ___MASK26___ is a brewed drink prepared from roasted ___MASK26___ beans , which are the seeds of berries from the " Coffea " plant . The genus Coffea is native to tropical Africa , and Madagascar , the Comoros , ___MASK29___ and Réunion in the Indian Ocean . The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world and ___MASK26___ plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries , primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas , Southeast ___MASK42___ , India , and Africa . The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica , and the less sophisticated but stronger and more hardy robusta . Once ripe , ___MASK26___ berries are picked , processed , and dried . Dried ___MASK26___ seeds ( referred to as beans ) are roasted to varying degrees , depending on the desired flavor . Roasted beans are ground and brewed with near boiling water to produce ___MASK26___ as a beverage . Sponges are the basalmost ___MASK96___ of animals of the phylum Porifera ( meaning " pore bearer ". They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing ___MASK5___ to circulate through them , consisting of jelly - like mesohyl sandwiched between two thin layers of cells . Sponges have unspecialized cells that can transform into other types and that often migrate between the main cell layers and the mesohyl in the process . Sponges do not have nervous , digestive or circulatory systems . Instead , most rely on maintaining a constant ___MASK5___ flow through their bodies to obtain food and oxygen and to remove wastes . Overview . Sponges are similar to other animals in that they are multicellular , heterotrophic , lack cell walls and produce sperm cells . Unlike other animals , they lack true tissues and organs , and have no body symmetry . The shapes of their bodies are adapted for maximal efficiency of ___MASK5___ flow through the central cavity , where it deposits nutrients , and leaves through a hole called the osculum . Many sponges have internal skeletons of spongin and / or spicules of calcium carbonate or silicon dioxide . All sponges are sessile aquatic animals . Although there are freshwater species , the great majority are marine ( salt ___MASK5___ ) species , ranging from tidal zones to depths exceeding . ___MASK70___ ( sometimes abbreviated TCP ) is a calcium salt of phosphoric acid with the chemical formula Ca ( PO ). It is also known as tribasic calcium phosphate and bone phosphate of lime ( BPL ). Calcium phosphate is one of the main combustion products of bone ( see bone ash ). Calcium phosphate is also commonly derived from inorganic sources such as mineral rock . ___MASK61___ , also called confectioners ' sugar , icing sugar , and icing cake , is a finely ground sugar produced by milling granulated sugar into a powdered state . It usually contains a small amount of anti - caking agent  usually cornstarch in North America , or ___MASK70___ in other regions  to prevent clumping and improve flow . Although most often produced in a factory , powdered sugar can also be made by processing ordinary granulated sugar in a coffee grinder , or by crushing it by hand in a mortar and pestle . ___MASK61___ is utilized in industrial food production when a quick - dissolving sugar is required . Home cooks use it principally to make icing or frosting and other cake decorations . It is often dusted onto baked goods to add a subtle sweetness and delicate decoration . Dessert is ___MASK64___ course that concludes ___MASK64___ main meal . The course usually consists of sweet foods and beverages , such as dessert ___MASK31___ or liqueurs , but may include coffee , cheeses , nuts , or other savory items . In some parts of the world , such as much of central and western Africa , and most parts of China , there is no tradition of ___MASK64___ dessert course to conclude ___MASK64___ meal . Dairy products or ___MASK76___ products are ___MASK64___ type of food produced from or containing the ___MASK76___ of mammals , primarily cattle , ___MASK5___ buffaloes , goats , sheep , and camels . Dairy products include food items such as yogurt , cheese , and butter . A facility that produces dairy products is known as ___MASK64___ dairy , or dairy factory . Dairy products are consumed worldwide , with the exception of much of East and Southeast ___MASK42___ and also some parts of central Africa . ___MASK76___ is ___MASK64___ pale ___MASK81___ produced by the mammary glands of mammals . It is the primary source of nutrition for infant mammals ( including humans who breastfeed ) before they are able to digest other types of food . Early - lactation milk contains colostrum , which carries the mother ' s antibodies to its young and can reduce the risk of many diseases . It contains many other nutrients including protein and lactose . Clafoutis ( ___MASK14___ pronunciation :  ( klafuti ) ; Occitan : clafotís ( klafutis ) or ( kafuti ) ) , sometimes in Anglophonic countries spelled clafouti , is a baked ___MASK14___ dessert of ___MASK77___ , traditionally black cherries , arranged in a buttered dish and covered with a thick flan - like batter . The clafoutis is dusted with ___MASK61___ and served lukewarm , sometimes with cream . A traditional Limousin clafoutis contains pits of the cherries . The pits contain amygdalin , the active chemical in almond extract , so during baking a small amount of amygdalin from the pits is released into the clafoutis , adding a complementary note to its flavor . ___MASK74___ tarts or flans pâtissier are ___MASK64___ ___MASK47___ consisting of an outer ___MASK47___ crust filled with ___MASK60___ custard and baked . Sugar is the generalized name for sweet , short - chain , soluble carbohydrates , many of which are used in food . They are composed of ___MASK27___ , hydrogen , and ___MASK92___ . There are various types of sugar derived from different sources . Simple sugars are called monosaccharides and include ___MASK80___ ( also known as dextrose ), fructose , and galactose . The table or granulated sugar most customarily used as food is sucrose , a disaccharide . ( In the body , sucrose hydrolyses into fructose and ___MASK80___ .) Other disaccharides include ___MASK86___ and lactose . Longer chains of sugars are called oligosaccharides . Chemically - different substances may also have a sweet taste , but are not classified as sugars . Some are used as lower - calorie food substitutes for sugar , described as artificial sweeteners .