instance_of great tower street
The ___MASK53___ of Tower Hamlets is a ___MASK53___ to the east of the City of London and north of the ___MASK54___ Thames . It is in the eastern part of London and covers much of the traditional East End . It also includes much of the redeveloped Docklands region of London , including West India Docks and Canary Wharf . Many of the tallest buildings in London occupy the centre of the Isle of Dogs in the south of the borough . A part of the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park is in Tower Hamlets . The borough has a population of 272 , 890 , which includes one of the highest ethnic minority populations in the country and has an established British Bangladeshi business and residential community . Brick Lane ' s restaurants , neighbouring street market and shops provide the largest range of Bengali cuisine , woodwork , carpets and clothes in Europe . The local authority is Tower Hamlets ___MASK40___ . Old English or Anglo - Saxon is the earliest historical form of the English ___MASK95___ , spoken in ___MASK93___ and southern and eastern Scotland in the early Middle Ages . It was brought to Great Britain by Anglo - Saxon settlers probably in the mid 5th century , and the first Old English literary works date from the mid - 7th century . After the Norman Conquest of 1066 , English was replaced , for a ___MASK2___ , as the ___MASK95___ of the upper classes by Anglo - Norman , a relative of French , and Old English developed into the next historical form of English , known as Middle English . Eastcheap is a ___MASK51___ in central London that is a western continuation of Great ___MASK9___ Street towards Monument junction . Its name derives from " cheap ", the Old English word for market , with the prefix ' East ' distinguishing it from Westcheap , another former market ___MASK51___ that today is called Cheapside . Great ___MASK9___ Street is a street in the City of London , the historic nucleus and modern financial centre of London . It forms an eastern continuation of Eastcheap starting at Idol Lane , and leads towards Byward Street and ___MASK9___ Hill . On Byward Street , opposite Great ___MASK9___ Street , is the historic church All Hallows - by - the - ___MASK9___ . A public house called the Czar ' s Head used to stand at No . 48 , so named because Peter the Great used to drink there when he was learning shipbuilding at Deptford . Somewhere on ___MASK9___ Street in 1688 , Edward Lloyd opened Lloyd ' s Coffee House , where the insurance market Lloyd ' s of London originated . In 1691 , Lloyd relocated his shop to nearby Lombard Street ; today Lloyd ' s is based on Lime Street . Prior to boundary changes in 2003 , Great ___MASK9___ Street formed the centre of the City ___MASK96___ of ___MASK9___ . Today it lies mostly in Billingsgate ___MASK96___ , but a short portion of the easternmost end of the street is still within ___MASK9___ ___MASK96___ . Great ___MASK9___ Street is home to a number of restaurants and offices , including the southern entrance to the London Underwriting Centre at the corner with Mincing Lane , and Plantation Place South . It formed part of the marathon course of the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games . The women ' s Olympic marathon took place on 5 August and the men ' s on 12 August . The Paralympic marathons were held on 9 September . The nearest London Underground stations are Monument and ___MASK9___ Hill and the closest mainline railway station is Fenchurch Street . Byward ___MASK51___ is a ___MASK43___ in the City of London , the historic and financial centre of London . It forms part of the A3211 route and , if travelling eastward , is a short continuation of Lower Thames ___MASK51___ from a junction with Great Tower ___MASK51___ , to Tower Hill . It is located within the City ward of Tower . ___MASK78___ of Westminster is an Inner ___MASK53___ which also holds city status . It occupies much of the central area of Greater London including most of the West End . It is to the west of and adjoining the ancient City of London , directly to the east of the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea , and its southern boundary is the ___MASK54___ Thames . It was created with the 1965 establishment of Greater London . Upon creation , Westminster was awarded city status , which had been previously held by the smaller Metropolitan Borough of Westminster . Central London is the innermost ___MASK1___ of London , ___MASK93___ . There is no official definition of its area but its characteristics are understood to include a high density built ___MASK16___ , high land values , an elevated daytime population and a concentration of regionally , nationally and internationally significant organisations and facilities . Over ___MASK2___ a number of definitions have been used to define the scope of central London for statistics , urban planning and local ___MASK12___ . ___MASK78___ of London is a city and county within London . It constituted most of London from its ___MASK7___ by the Romans in the 1st century AD to the Middle Ages , but the agglomeration has since grown far beyond the City ' s borders . ___MASK78___ is now only a tiny part of the metropolis of London , though it remains a notable part of central London . Administratively , it forms one of the 33 local authority districts of Greater London ; however , the City of London is not a ___MASK53___ , a status reserved for the other 32 districts ( including London ' s only other city , the City of Westminster ). In the ___MASK14___ of Europe , the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted from the 5th to the 15th century . It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the ___MASK71___ of Discovery . The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western ___MASK14___ : classical antiquity , the medieval period , and the modern period . The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early , High , and Late Middle Ages . ___MASK9___ Hill is an elevated spot northwest of the ___MASK9___ of London , in the ___MASK53___ of ___MASK9___ Hamlets in the East End of London , just outside the City of London boundary . Westminster is an ___MASK35___ of central London within ___MASK78___ of Westminster , part of the West End , on the north bank of the ___MASK54___ Thames . Westminster ' s concentration of visitor attractions and historic landmarks , one of the highest in London , includes the Palace of Westminster , Buckingham Palace , Westminster Abbey and Westminster Cathedral . All Hallows - by - the - ___MASK9___ , also previously dedicated to St Mary the Virgin and sometimes known as All Hallows Barking , is an ancient Anglican church on Byward Street in the City of London , overlooking the ___MASK9___ of London . The ___MASK9___ of London , officially Her Majesty ' s Royal ___MASK82___ and Fortress of the ___MASK9___ of London , is a historic castle located on the north bank of the ___MASK54___ Thames in central London . It lies within the London Borough of ___MASK9___ Hamlets , separated from the eastern edge of the square mile of the City of London by the open space known as ___MASK9___ Hill . It was founded towards the end of 1066 as part of the Norman Conquest of England . The White ___MASK9___ , which gives the entire castle its name , was built by William the Conqueror in 1078 , and was a resented symbol of oppression , inflicted upon London by the new ruling elite . The castle was used as a prison from 1100 ( Ranulf Flambard ) until 1952 ( Kray twins ), although that was not its primary purpose . A grand palace early in its history , it served as a royal residence . As a whole , the ___MASK9___ is a complex of several buildings set within two concentric rings of defensive walls and a moat . There were several phases of expansion , mainly under Kings Richard the Lionheart , Henry III , and Edward I in the 12th and 13th centuries . The general layout established by the late 13th century remains despite later activity on the site . The East End of London , also known simply as the East End , is an ___MASK35___ of Central and East London , ___MASK93___ , east of the Roman and medieval walled City of London and north of the ___MASK54___ Thames . Although not defined by universally accepted formal boundaries , the ___MASK54___ Lea can be considered the eastern boundary . For the purposes of his book , " East End Past ", Richard Tames regards the ___MASK35___ as coextensive with the London Borough of Tower Hamlets : however , he acknowledges that this narrow definition excludes parts of southern Hackney , such as Shoreditch and Hoxton , which many would regard as belonging to the East End . Others again , such as Alan Palmer , would extend the ___MASK35___ across the Lea to include parts of the London Borough of Newham ; while parts of the London Borough of Waltham Forest are also sometimes included . It is universally agreed , however , that the East End is to be distinguished from East London , which covers a much wider ___MASK35___ . A ___MASK99___ is an administrative division in various English - speaking countries . In ___MASK98___ , the term " ___MASK99___ " designates a self - governing walled town , although in practice , official use of the term varies widely . Cheapside is a ___MASK51___ in the City of London , the historic and modern financial centre of London , which forms part of the A40 London to Fishguard ___MASK43___ . It links St . Martin ' s Le Grand with Poultry . Near its eastern end at Bank junction , where it becomes Poultry , is Mansion House , the Bank of England , and Bank station . To the west is St . Paul ' s Cathedral , St . Paul ' s tube station and Paternoster Square . London is the ___MASK50___ and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom , as well as the most populous city proper in the European Union . Standing on the ___MASK54___ Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain , London has been a major settlement for two millennia . It was founded by the Romans , who named it " Londinium ". London ' s ancient core , the City of London , largely retains its medieval boundaries . Since at least the 19th century , " London " has also referred to the metropolis around this core , historically split between Middlesex , Essex , Surrey , Kent , and Hertfordshire , which today largely makes up Greater London , governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly .