place_of_birth louis sullivan
An architect is someone who plans , designs , and reviews the construction ___MASK36___ buildings . To " practice architecture " means to provide services in connection with the design ___MASK36___ buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings , that have as their principal purpose human occupancy or use . Etymologically , " architect " derives from the Latin " architectus ", which derives from the Greek " (" arkhi -", chief + " tekton ", builder ), i . e ., chief builder . The American Institute ___MASK36___ Architects ( AIA ) is a professional organization for architects in the United States . Headquartered in Washington , D . C ., the AIA offers education , government advocacy , community redevelopment , and public outreach to support the architecture profession and improve its public image , including through public tours , such as the AIA ___MASK35___ chapter ' s Home Tour featuring residences designed by David Randall Hertz in Venice , California and others . The AIA also works with other members ___MASK36___ the design and construction team to help coordinate the building ___MASK24___ . ___MASK3___ ( pronounced ) is the capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States . ___MASK3___ is also the seat of Suffolk County , although the county government was disbanded on July 1 , 1999 . The city proper covers with an estimated population of 667 , 137 in 2015 , making it the largest city in New England and the 23rd most populous city in the United States . The city is the economic and cultural anchor of a substantially larger metropolitan area known as Greater ___MASK3___ , a Metropolitan Statistical Area ( MSA ) home to a census - estimated 4 . 7 million people in 2014 and ranking as the tenth - largest such area in the country . Alternately , as a Combined Statistical Area ( CSA ), this wider commuting region is home to some 8 . 1 million people , making it the sixth - largest as such in the United States . ___MASK56___ is a city in the U . S . state of Ohio that serves as county seat of ___MASK19___ . Settled in 1788 , the city is located on the north side of the confluence of the Licking with the Ohio River . With a population of 298 , 550 , ___MASK56___ is the third - largest city in Ohio and the 65th - largest city in the United States . Its metropolitan statistical area is the 28th - largest in the United States and the largest centered in Ohio . The city is also part of the larger ___MASK56___  Middletown  ___MASK30___ combined statistical area , which had a population of 2 , 172 , 191 in the 2010 census . Form follows function is a principle associated with modernist architecture and industrial design in the 20th century . The principle is that the shape ___MASK36___ a building or object should be primarily based upon its intended function or purpose . Prairie School was a late 19th - and early 20th - century architectural style , ___MASK7___ common to the Midwestern United States . The style is usually marked by horizontal lines , flat or hipped roofs with broad overhanging eaves , windows grouped in horizontal bands , integration with the landscape , solid construction , craftsmanship , and discipline in the use of ornament . Horizontal lines were thought to evoke and relate to the native prairie landscape . The term " Prairie School " was not actually used by these architects to describe themselves ( for instance , ___MASK97___ Mahony used the phrase " The Chicago Group "); the term was coined by H . Allen Brooks , one of the first architectural historians to write extensively about these architects and their work . Prairies are ecosystems considered part ___MASK36___ the temperate grasslands , savannas , and shrublands biome by ecologists , based on similar temperate climates , moderate rainfall , and a composition ___MASK36___ grasses , herbs , and shrubs , rather than trees , as the dominant vegetation type . Temperate grassland regions include the Pampas ___MASK36___ ___MASK42___ , southern Brazil and Uruguay as well as the steppes ___MASK36___ Eurasia . Lands typically referred to as " prairie " tend to be in North America . The term encompasses the area referred to as the Interior Lowlands ___MASK36___ Canada , the United States , and Mexico , which includes all ___MASK36___ the Great Plains as well as the wetter , somewhat hillier land to the east . In the U . S ., the area is constituted by most or all ___MASK36___ the states ___MASK36___ North Dakota , South Dakota , Nebraska , Kansas , and Oklahoma , and sizable parts ___MASK36___ the states ___MASK36___ Montana , Wyoming , ___MASK90___ , New Mexico , Texas , Missouri , Iowa , Illinois , Ohio , Indiana , ___MASK9___ , and western and southern Minnesota . The Central Valley ___MASK36___ California is also a prairie . The Canadian Prairies occupy vast areas ___MASK36___ Manitoba , Saskatchewan , and Alberta . ___MASK55___ is a city in the Commonwealth ___MASK36___ Pennsylvania in the United States , and is the county seat ___MASK36___ ___MASK50___ . The Combined Statistical Area ( CSA ) population ___MASK36___ 2 , 659 , 937 is the largest in both the Ohio Valley and Appalachia , the second - largest in Pennsylvania after Philadelphia and the 20th - largest in the U . S . Located at the confluence ___MASK36___ the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers , which form the Ohio River , ___MASK55___ is known as both " the Steel City " for its more than 300 steel - related businesses , and as the " City ___MASK36___ Bridges " for its 446 bridges . The city features 30 skyscrapers , two inclines , a pre - revolutionary fortification and the Point State Park at the confluence ___MASK36___ the rivers . The city developed as a vital link ___MASK36___ the Atlantic coast and Midwest . The mineral - rich Allegheny Mountains made the area coveted by the French and British empires , Virginia , Whiskey Rebels , and Civil War raiders . ___MASK49___ ( or ), officially the City ___MASK36___ ___MASK49___ , is the third - ___MASK7___ populous city in the United States , and the fifth - ___MASK7___ populous city in North America . With over 2 . 7 million residents , it is the ___MASK7___ populous city in the state ___MASK36___ Illinois and the Midwestern United States , and the county seat ___MASK36___ ___MASK84___ . The ___MASK49___ metropolitan area , often referred to as Chicagoland , has nearly 10 million people and is the third - largest in the U . S . Richardsonian Romanesque is a style ___MASK36___ Romanesque Revival architecture named after architect Henry ___MASK60___ ___MASK22___ ( 1838  1886 ), whose masterpiece is Trinity Church , ___MASK3___ ( 1872  1877 ), designated a National Historic Landmark . ___MASK22___ first used elements ___MASK36___ the style in his Buffalo State Asylum for the Insane in Buffalo , New York , designed in 1870 . H . ___MASK93___ ___MASK74___ ( November 6 , 1925  August 8 , 2010 ) was an architectural historian and longtime professor at the University of Toronto . ___MASK74___ has written on Frank Lloyd Wright and the Prairie School and on the early years of Le Corbusier . Fallingwater or the Kaufmann Residence is a house designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright in 1935 in rural southwestern ___MASK43___ , ___MASK75___ ___MASK36___ Pittsburgh . The home was built partly over a waterfall on Bear Run in the Mill Run section ___MASK36___ Stewart Township , ___MASK66___ County , ___MASK43___ , in the Laurel Highlands ___MASK36___ the Allegheny Mountains . The house was designed as a weekend home for the family ___MASK36___ Liliane Kaufmann and her husband , Edgar J . Kaufmann , owner ___MASK36___ Kaufmann ' s department store . Frank Lloyd Wright ( born Frank ___MASK44___ Wright , June 8 , 1867  April 9 , 1959 ) was an American architect , interior designer , writer , and educator , who designed more than 1 , 000 structures , 532 ___MASK36___ which were completed . Wright believed in designing structures that were in ___MASK48___ with humanity and its environment , a philosophy he called organic architecture . This philosophy was best exemplified by Fallingwater ( 1935 ), which has been called " the best all - ___MASK63___ work ___MASK36___ American architecture ". Wright was a leader ___MASK36___ the Prairie School movement ___MASK36___ architecture and developed the concept ___MASK36___ the Usonian home , his unique vision for urban planning in the United States . His creative period spanned more than 70 years . Louis ___MASK89___ Sullivan ( September 3 , 1856 -- April 14 , 1924 ) was an American architect , and has been called the `` father ___MASK36___ skyscrapers '' and `` father ___MASK36___ modernism '' . He is considered by many as the creator ___MASK36___ the modern skyscraper , was an influential architect and critic ___MASK36___ the Chicago School , was a mentor to Frank Lloyd Wright , and an inspiration to the Chicago group ___MASK36___ architects who have come to be known as the Prairie School . Along with ___MASK89___ ___MASK60___ ___MASK22___ and Frank Lloyd Wright , Sullivan is one ___MASK36___ `` the recognized trinity ___MASK36___ American architecture '' . `` Form follows function '' is attributed to him although he credited the origin ___MASK36___ the concept to an ancient Roman architect . In 1944 , he was the second architect in history to posthumously receive the AIA Gold Medal . Industrial design is a process ___MASK36___ design applied to products that are to be manufactured through techniques ___MASK36___ mass production . Its key characteristic is that design is separated from manufacture : the creative act ___MASK36___ determining and defining a product ' s form and features takes place in advance ___MASK36___ the physical act ___MASK36___ making a product , which consists purely ___MASK36___ repeated , often automated , replication . This distinguishes industrial design from craft - based design , where the form ___MASK36___ the product is determined by the product ' s creator at the ___MASK63___ ___MASK36___ its creation . Frank Lloyd T . Wright , Jr . ( ___MASK39___ 30 , 1890 , Oak Park , ___MASK99___  May 31 , 1978 , ___MASK23___ , California ), commonly known as Lloyd Wright , was an American landscape architect and architect , active primarily in ___MASK35___ and ___MASK65___ . His name is frequently confused with that of his more famous father , Frank Lloyd J . Wright , Sr .. Usonia was a word used by American architect Frank Lloyd Wright to refer to his vision for the landscape ___MASK36___ the United States , including the planning ___MASK36___ cities and the architecture ___MASK36___ buildings . Wright proposed the use ___MASK36___ the adjective " Usonian " in place ___MASK36___ " American " to describe the particular New World character ___MASK36___ the American landscape as distinct and free ___MASK36___ previous architectural conventions . The ___MASK8___ Gold Medal is awarded by the American Institute ___MASK36___ Architects conferred " by the national ___MASK8___ Board ___MASK36___ Directors in recognition ___MASK36___ a significant body ___MASK36___ work ___MASK36___ lasting influence on the theory and practice ___MASK36___ architecture ." ___MASK89___ ___MASK60___ ___MASK22___ ( September 29 , 1838  April 27 , 1886 ) was a prominent American architect who designed buildings in Albany , ___MASK3___ , Buffalo , Chicago , Pittsburgh , Cincinnati , and other cities . The style he popularized is named for him : Richardsonian Romanesque . Along with Louis Sullivan and Frank Lloyd Wright , ___MASK22___ is one of " the recognized trinity of American architecture ". Organic architecture is a philosophy ___MASK36___ architecture which promotes ___MASK48___ between human habitation and the natural world . This is achieved through design approaches that aim to be sympathetic and well - integrated with a site , so buildings , furnishings , and surroundings become part ___MASK36___ a unified , interrelated composition .