genre umrao jaan 
A lingua franca , also known as a bridge language , common language , trade language or vehicular language , is a language or dialect systematically ( as opposed to occasionally , or casually ) used to make ___MASK75___ possible between people who do not ___MASK37___ a native language or dialect , particularly when it is a third language that is distinct from both native languages . Lucknow is the largest and capital city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh . A major metropolitan city of ___MASK36___ , Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of the eponymous District and Division and the capital of the state of Uttar Pradesh . It is the second largest city in north ___MASK36___ , after Delhi . It is also the largest city in Uttar Pradesh . Lucknow has always been known as a multicultural city that flourished as a North Indian cultural and artistic hub , and the seat of power of Nawabs in the 18th and 19th centuries . It continues to be an important centre of governance , administration , education , commerce , aerospace , finance , pharmaceuticals , technology , design , ___MASK15___ , tourism , music and ___MASK71___ . Shabana Azmi ( born 18 September 1950 ) is an Indian actress of film , ___MASK42___ and theatre . The daughter of ___MASK97___ Kaifi Azmi and stage actress Shaukat Azmi , she is the alumna of Film and Television Institute of ___MASK36___ of Pune . Azmi made her film debut in 1974 and soon became one of the leading actresses of Parallel Cinema , a Bengali new - wave movement known for its serious content and neo - realism and received ___MASK46___ patronage during the times . Regarded as one of the finest actresses in ___MASK36___ , Azmi ' s performances in films in a ___MASK65___ of genres have generally earned her praise and awards , which include a record of five wins of the National Film Award for Best Actress and several international honours . She has also received five Filmfare Awards , and was honored among " women in cinema " at the 30th International Film Festival of ___MASK36___ . In 1988 , the Government of ___MASK36___ awarded her with Padma Shri , the fourth highest civilian honour of the country . Jyoti Prakash Dutta ( born 3 October 1949 ) is an Indian ___MASK76___ film producer and director . Mahesh Bhatt ( born 20 September 1948 ) is an Indian film director , producer and screenwriter known for his works exclusively in ___MASK8___ cinema . A stand - out film from his earlier period is " Saaransh " ( 1984 ), screened at the 14th Moscow International Film Festival , and became ___MASK36___ ' s official entry for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film for that year . The 1986 film " Naam " was his first piece of commercial cinema . In 1987 , he turned producer with the film " Kabzaa " under the banner , " Vishesh Films ", with his brother Mukesh Bhatt . Pakistan ( or ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan , is a federal parliamentary republic in South Asia on crossroads of Central Asia and ___MASK29___ Asia . It is the sixth - most populous country with a population exceeding 200 million people . It is the 36th largest country in the world in terms of area with an area covering . Pakistan has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east , Afghanistan to the west , Iran to the southwest and China in the far northeast respectively . It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan ' s narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north , and also shares a maritime border with Oman . The Filmfare Awards are presented annually by The Times Group to honour both artistic and technical excellence of professionals in the ___MASK8___ language film industry of ___MASK36___ . The Filmfare ceremony is one of the oldest film events in ___MASK36___ . The awards were first introduced in 1954 , the same year as the National Film Awards . They were initially referred to as the " Clare Awards " or " The Clares " after Clare Mendonca , the editor of " The Times of ___MASK36___ ". A dual voting system was developed in 1956 . Under this system , in contrast to the National Film Awards , which are decided by a panel appointed by Indian ___MASK46___ , the Filmfare Awards are voted on by both the public and a committee of experts . Jaya Bhaduri Bachchan ( born Jaya Bhaduri ; 1948 ) is an Indian politician and film actress . She is recognised as one of the finest ___MASK8___ film actresses of her time , particularly known for reinforcing a naturalistic style of acting in both mainstream and ' middle - of - the - road ' cinema . During her career , she won eight Filmfare Awards : including three for Best Actress and three for Best Supporting Actress , which makes her the overall most - awarded performer in the female acting categories , along with Nutan . She was awarded the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award in 2007 . In 1992 , she was awarded the Padma Shri by the ___MASK46___ of India . ___MASK36___ , officially the Republic of ___MASK36___ (" Bhrat Gaarjya "), is a country in South Asia . It is the seventh - largest country by area , the second - most populous country ( with over 1 . 2 billion people ), and the most populous democracy in the world . It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south , the Arabian Sea on the southwest , and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast . It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west ; China , Nepal , and Bhutan to the northeast ; and Myanmar ( Burma ) and Bangladesh to the east . In the Indian Ocean , ___MASK36___ is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives . ___MASK36___ ' s Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia . Its capital is New Delhi ; other metropolises include Mumbai , Kolkata , Chennai , Bangalore , Hyderabad and Ahmedabad . Miss World 1994 , the 44th edition of the Miss World , was held on 19 November 1994 and marked the third consecutive staging of Miss World in Sun City , South Africa . The pageant attracted 87 contestants from around the world . At the end of the night , Aishwarya Rai of ___MASK36___ , at the time a 21 - year - old architecture student , was crowned the new Miss World . She was crowned by Miss World 1993 , Lisa Hanna of Jamaica . Earlier that year , another Indian , Sushmita Sen had won the Miss ___MASK80___ title , securing the two leading international beauty pageants for ___MASK36___ in 1994 . Dehradun or Dehra Dun is the capital city of the state of Uttarakhand in the northern part of ___MASK36___ . Located in the Garhwal region , it lies north of ___MASK36___ ' s capital New Delhi and is one of the " Counter Magnets " of the National Capital Region ( NCR ) being developed as an alternative centre of growth to help ease the migration and population explosion in the Delhi metropolitan area . Deepa Mehta , ( born 15 September 1950 ) is an Indo - Canadian film director and screenwriter , most known for her Elements Trilogy , " Fire " ( 1996 ), " Earth " ( 1998 ), and " Water " ( 2005 ); among which " Earth " was sent by ___MASK36___ as its official entry for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film , and " Water " was Canada ' s official entry for Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film , making it only the third non - French - language Canadian film submitted in that category after Attila Bertalan ' s 1990 invented - language film " A Bullet to the Head " and Zacharias Kunuk ' s 2001 Inuktitut - language feature "", and the first to receive an Oscar nomination . Dhoom is a 2004 Indian ___MASK94___ thriller film written by Vijay Krishna Acharya and directed by Sanjay Gadhvi . The film stars Abhishek Bachchan , Uday Chopra , John Abraham , Esha Deol , and Rimi Sen in lead roles . The Constitution of ___MASK36___ is the supreme ___MASK79___ of ___MASK36___ . It lays down the framework defining fundamental political principles , establishes the structure , procedures , powers and duties of ___MASK46___ institutions and sets out fundamental rights , directive principles and the duties of citizens . It is the longest written constitution of any sovereign country in the world . The nation is governed by it . B . R . Ambedkar is regarded as its chief architect . Sayyid Akhtar Hussein Rizvi , known as Kaifi Azmi ( Hindustani :        , ; 14 January 1919  10 May 2002 ) was an Indian Urdu ___MASK97___ . He ___MASK20___ always be remembered who brought Urdu literature to Indian motion pictures . Together with Pirzada Qasim , Jon Elia and others he participated in the most memorable mushairas of the twentieth century . Abhishek Bachchan ( born 5 February 1976 ) is an Indian actor , producer and playback singer best known for his work in ___MASK8___ films . He is the son of veteran actors Amitabh Bachchan and Jaya Bachchan . He made his film debut in the ___MASK56___ ___MASK62___ " Refugee " ( 2000 ), which did not perform well at the box office , but had earned him appreciation from critics . For the next few years , Bachchan starred in a series of unsuccessful films that failed to propel his career forward . Bachchan then established himself as a leading actor of ___MASK8___ cinema with the ___MASK2___ action thriller " Dhoom " ( 2004 ). Parallel Cinema is a film movement in Indian cinema that originated in the state of West Bengal in the 1950s as an alternative to the mainstream commercial Indian cinema , represented especially by popular ___MASK8___ cinema , known today as ___MASK76___ . Devanagari (, a compound of "" deva "" and "" ngar "" ; ___MASK8___ pronunciation : ), also called Nagari (" Ngar "), is an abugida ( alphasyllabary ) alphabet of ___MASK36___ and Nepal . It is written from left to right , has a strong preference for symmetrical rounded shapes within squared outlines , and is recognisable by a horizontal line that runs along the top of full letters . In a cursory look , the Devanagari script appears different from other Indic scripts such as Bengali , Oriya , or Gurmukhi , but a closer examination reveals they are very similar except for angles and structural emphasis . Modern Standard ___MASK8___ ( Devanagari :         , " Mnak Hind ") or simply ___MASK8___ ( Devanagari :      , " Hind "), is an Indian language and a standardised and Sanskritised register of the Hindustani language . ___MASK8___ is one of the official languages of ___MASK36___ , and is the " lingua franca " of the ___MASK8___ belt languages . Outside ___MASK36___ , ___MASK8___ is an official language in Fiji , and is a recognised regional language in Mauritius , Suriname , Guyana , and Trinidad and Tobago . Miss World is the oldest running international beauty pageant . It was created in the United Kingdom by Eric Morley in 1951 . Since his death in 2000 , Morley ' s widow , Julia Morley , has co - chaired the pageant . Alongside with its rival , the Miss ___MASK80___ and Miss Earth contests , Miss World pageant is one of the three most publicised beauty contests in the world . Mauritius , officially the Republic of Mauritius , is an island nation in the Indian Ocean about off the southeast coast of the African continent . The ___MASK87___ includes the island of Mauritius , Rodrigues [ east ], and the outer islands ( Agaléga , St . Brandon and two disputed territories ). The islands of Mauritius and Rodrigues ( southwest ) form part of the Mascarene Islands , along with nearby Réunion , a French overseas department . The area of the ___MASK87___ is 2 , 040 km . The capital and largest city is Port Louis . Mauritius was a British colonial possession from 1810 to 1968 , the year of its independence . The ___MASK46___ uses English as the main language . The Film and ___MASK42___ Institute of ___MASK36___ ( FTII ) is an autonomous institute under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting of the ___MASK46___ of ___MASK36___ and aided by the Central ___MASK46___ of ___MASK36___ . It is situated on the premises of the erstwhile Prabhat Film Company in Pune . Since its inception in 1960 , FTII has become ___MASK36___ ' s premier film and television institute , with its alumni becoming technicians , actors and directors in the film and television industry . Bhopal is the capital of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh and the administrative headquarters of Bhopal district and Bhopal division . The city was the capital of the former Bhopal State . Bhopal is known as the " City of Lakes " for its ___MASK19___ natural as well as artificial lakes and is also one of the greenest cities in ___MASK36___ . It is the 17th largest city in the country and 131st < ref name =" Estimated Population of Bhopal urban area in 2009 , Bhopal 131th largest city in world in 2009 /"> </ ref > in the world . Sai Parnjpye ( Marathi :     ) ( born 19 ___MASK11___ 1938 ) is a movie director and a screenwriter in ___MASK36___ . She is the director of award - winning movies " Sparsh ", " Katha ", " Chasme Buddoor ", and " Disha ". She has written and directed many Marathi plays like Jaswandi , Sakkhe Shejari , and Albel . Fiji ((), officially the Republic of Fiji , is an island ___MASK87___ in Melanesia in the South Pacific Ocean about northeast of New Zealand ' s North Island . Its closest neighbours are Vanuatu to the west , New Caledonia to the southwest , New Zealand ' s Kermadec Islands to the southeast , Tonga to the east , the Samoas and France ' s Wallis and Futuna to the northeast , and Tuvalu to the north . Jadu Ka Shankh is a 1974 ___MASK76___ ___MASK93___ directed by Sai Paranjpye . Aishwarya Rai ( born 1 November 1973 ), also known by her married name Aishwarya Rai Bachchan , is an Indian actress , model and the winner of the Miss World 1994 pageant . Through her successful acting career , she has established herself as one of the most popular and influential celebrities in ___MASK36___ . Rai has received numerous awards and accolades , including two Filmfare Awards from eleven nominations , and she was awarded the Padma Shri by the ___MASK46___ of ___MASK36___ in 2009 . She is often cited as the " most beautiful woman in the world ". The National Film Award for Best Actress ( officially known as the Rajat Kamal Award for the Best Actress ) is an honour presented annually at the National Film Awards of ___MASK36___ since 1968 to an actress for the best performance in a leading role within the Indian film industry . The National Film Awards were called the " State Awards for Films " when established in 1954 . The State Awards instituted the " Best Actress " category in 1968 as the " Urvashi Award for the Best Actress "; in 1975 , the " Urvashi Award " was renamed as the " Rajat Kamal Award for the Best Actress ". Throughout the years , accounting for ties and repeat winners , the ___MASK46___ of ___MASK36___ has presented a total of 52 Best Actress awards to 41 different actresses . A soap ___MASK33___ , soap , or soapie , is a serial ___MASK62___ on television or radio that examines the lives of many characters , usually focusing on emotional relationships to the point of melodrama . The term " soap ___MASK33___ " originated from such dramas being typically sponsored by soap manufacturers in the past . Himani Bhatt Shivpuri ( born 24 October 1960 in Dehradun ) is an Indian actress , known for her supportive roles in ___MASK76___ films and Hindi soap operas . Malayalam is a language spoken in ___MASK36___ , predominantly in the state of Kerala . It is one of the 22 scheduled languages of ___MASK36___ and was designated as a Classical Language in ___MASK36___ in 2013 . It was developed to the current form mainly by the influence of the poet Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan in the 16th century . Malayalam has official language status in the state of Kerala and in the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry . It belongs to the Dravidian family of languages and is spoken by some 38 million people . Malayalam is also spoken in the neighboring states of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka ; with significant speakers in the Nilgiris , Kanyakumari and Coimbatore districts of Tamil Nadu , and Dakshina Kannada of Karnataka . Trinidad and Tobago , officially the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago , is a twin island ___MASK87___ situated off the northern edge of the South American mainland , lying just off the coast of northeastern Venezuela and south of Grenada . Bordering the Caribbean to the north , it shares maritime boundaries with other nations including Barbados to the northeast , Grenada to the northwest , Guyana to the southeast , and Venezuela to the south and west . Kulbhushan Kharbanda is an Indian actor , who works in ___MASK8___ and Punjabi films . He is better known for his role as antagonist Shakaal in " Shaan " ( 1980 ) inspired by the character of Blofeld from ___MASK67___ Bond movies . Starting with Delhi - based theatre group " Yatrik " in the 1960s , he moved to films with Sai Paranjpye ' s " Jadu Ka Shankh " in 1974 , he worked in several parallel cinema films , before working in mainstream ___MASK8___ film industry . He later appeared in Mahesh Bhatt ' s classic , " Arth " ( 1982 ), " Ek Chadar Maili Si " ( 1986 ), and in all three parts of Deepa Mehta ' s Elements trilogy , " Fire " ( 1996 ), " Earth " ( 1998 ), and " Water " ( 2005 ). The ___MASK46___ of India ( GoI ) is a federal ___MASK46___ established by the Constitution of India as the constituted governing authority of the union of 29 states and seven union territories of a proclaimed and established parliamentary democratic republic , constitutionally called the Republic of India . It is located in New Delhi , the capital of India . Umrao Jaan ( Urdu :   , ___MASK8___ :       ) is a ___MASK76___ film about the famous courtesan of the title . Abhishek Bachchan and Aishwarya Rai stars in the lead roles . The film is directed by J . P . Dutta and also stars Shabana Azmi , Sunil Shetty , Divya Dutta , Himani Shivpuri and Kulbhushan Kharbanda . Hyderabad (; often ) is the capital of the southern Indian state of Telangana and " de jure " capital of Andhra Pradesh . Occupying along the banks of the Musi River , it has a population of about and a metropolitan population of about , making it the fourth most populous city and sixth most populous ___MASK91___ agglomeration in ___MASK36___ . At an average altitude of , much of Hyderabad is situated on hilly terrain around artificial lakes , including Hussain Sagar  predating the city ' s founding  north of the city centre . Guyana ( pronounced or ), officially the Co - operative Republic of Guyana , is a sovereign state on the northern mainland of South America . It is , however , included in the Caribbean Region due to its strong cultural , historical , and political ties with the Caribbean Community ( CARICOM ). Guyana is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north , Brazil to the south and southwest , Suriname to the east and Venezuela to the west . With , Guyana is the fourth - smallest ___MASK87___ on mainland South America after Uruguay , Suriname and French Guiana . The Elements trilogy is a trilogy of films by Indian film - maker Deepa Mehta , dealing with controversial issues of social reform on the Indian subcontinent . " Fire ", the first release in 1996 , dealt with issues of arranged marriage and homosexuality in the patriarchal ___MASK15___ of India . " Earth ", released in 1998 , dealt with the religious strife associated with the partition of India and formation of Pakistan in the mid - 20th century . " Water ", released in 2005 , was the most critically successful of the three , and dealt with suicide , misogyny , and the mistreatment of widows in rural India . Divya Dutta ( born 25 September 1977 ) is an Indian film actress and model . She has established a successful career in ___MASK76___ and Punjabi cinema , but has also appeared in Malayalam and English films . She is noted for playing a wide ___MASK65___ of roles in various film genres , and has established herself as one of the leading actresses of parallel cinema . Hindustani , historically also known as Hindavi , Dehlvi and Rekhta , is the " lingua franca " of North ___MASK36___ and Pakistan . It is an Indo - Aryan language , deriving primarily from the Khariboli dialect of Delhi , and incorporates a large amount of vocabulary from Sanskrit , ___MASK18___ , Arabic and Chagatai . It is a pluricentric language , with two official forms , Modern Standard Hindi and Modern Standard Urdu , which are its standardised registers , and which may be called Hindustani or Hindi - Urdu when taken together . The colloquial registers are mostly indistinguishable , and even though the official standards are nearly identical in grammar , they differ in literary conventions and in academic and technical vocabulary , with Urdu adopting stronger ___MASK18___ , Turkic and Arabic influences , and Hindi relying more heavily on Sanskrit . Before the Partition of the British Indian Empire , the terms " Hindustani , Urdu ," and " Hindi " were synonymous ; all covered what would be called Urdu and Hindi today . The term " Hindustani " is still used for the colloquial language and " lingua franca " of North ___MASK36___ and Pakistan , for example for the language of Bollywood films , as well as for several quite different varieties of Hindi spoken outside the Indian Subcontinent , such as Fiji Hindi of Fiji and the Caribbean Hindustani of Trinidad and Tobago , Guyana , Suriname , Jamaica , Barbados , and the rest of the Caribbean . Hindustani is also spoken by a small number of people in Mauritius and South Africa . Urdu ( or Modern Standard Urdu ) is a standardised register of the Hindustani language . It is the and " lingua franca " of Pakistan , and an official language of six states of ___MASK36___ . It is also one of the 22 official languages recognized in the Constitution of ___MASK36___ . Hyderabad , Rampur , Badayun , Bhopal and Lucknow are noted Urdu - speaking cities of ___MASK36___ . Padma Shri ( also Padmashree ) is the fourth highest civilian award in the Republic of ___MASK36___ , after the Bharat Ratna , the Padma Vibhushan and the Padma Bhushan . Awarded by the ___MASK46___ of ___MASK36___ , it is announced every year on ___MASK36___ ' s Republic Day . Ek Chadar Maili Si is a 1986 film , directed by Sukhwant Dhadda , and is an adaptation of Rajinder Singh Bedi ' s classic Urdu ___MASK25___ by the same name . The novel won the 1965 Sahitya Akademi Award . Pune (; spelt " Poona " during British rule ) is the the second largest city in the Indian state of Maharashtra and the ninth most populous city in the ___MASK87___ . Situated above sea level on the Deccan plateau on the right bank of the Mutha river , Pune is the administrative headquarters of Pune district and was once the centre of power of the Maratha Empire established by Shivaji Maharaj . In the 18th century , Pune was the political centre of the Indian subcontinent , as the seat of the Peshwas who were the prime ministers of the Maratha Empire . The ___MASK67___ Bond series focuses on a fictional British Secret Service agent created in 1953 by writer Ian Fleming , who featured him in twelve novels and two short - story collections . Since Fleming ' s death in 1964 , eight other authors have written authorised Bond novels or novelizations : Kingsley Amis , Christopher Wood , John Gardner , Raymond Benson , Sebastian Faulks , Jeffery Deaver , William Boyd and Anthony Horowitz . The latest novel is " Trigger Mortis " by Anthony Horowitz , published in September 2015 . Additionally Charlie Higson wrote a series on a young ___MASK67___ Bond , and Kate Westbrook wrote three novels based on the diaries of a recurring series character , Moneypenny . Sanskrit ( English pronunciation :; written in Devanagari script ; : or ', originally ', " refined speech ") is the primary sacred language of Hinduism and " Mahyna " ___MASK50___ , a philosophical language in Hinduism , Jainism , ___MASK50___ and Sikhism . It was also a literary language that was in use as a " lingua franca " in ancient and medieval South Asia . It is a standardised dialect of Old Indo - Aryan , originating as Vedic Sanskrit and tracing its linguistic ancestry back to Proto - Indo - Iranian and Proto - Indo - European . Today it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand . As one of the oldest Indo - European languages for which substantial written documentation exists , Sanskrit holds a prominent position in Indo - European studies . Suriname ( or , also spelled Surinam ), officially known as the Republic of Suriname , is a sovereign state on the northeastern Atlantic coast of South America . It is bordered by French Guiana to the east , Guyana to the west and Brazil to the south . At just under , it is the smallest ___MASK87___ in South America . Suriname has a population of approximately 566 , 000 , most of whom live on the ___MASK87___ ' s north coast , in and around the capital and largest city , Paramaribo . ___MASK76___ is the sobriquet for ___MASK36___ ' s Hindi language film industry , based in the city of Mumbai , Maharashtra . It is more formally referred to as Hindi cinema . The term " ___MASK76___ " is often used by non - Indians as a synecdoche to refer to the whole of Indian cinema ; however , ___MASK76___ proper is only a part of the larger Indian film industry , which includes other production centres producing films in many other Indian languages . Amitabh Harivansh Rai Shrivastava Bachchan ( born 11 October 1942 ) is an Indian film actor . He first gained popularity in the early 1970s for movies like " Zanjeer " and " Deewaar ", and was dubbed ___MASK36___ ' s first " angry young man " for his on - screen roles in Bollywood . Referred to as the " Shahenshah of Bollywood ", " Star of the Millennium " or " Big B ", he has since appeared in over 190 Indian films in a career spanning almost five decades . Bachchan is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential actors in the ___MASK27___ of Indian cinema . So total was his dominance on the movie scene in the 1970s and 1980s that the French director François Truffaut called him a " one - man industry ."