located_on_terrain_feature antikythera
___MASK48___ , officially the Republic of ___MASK48___ , is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean and the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean . It is located south of Turkey , west of Syria and Lebanon , northwest of Israel and Palestine , north of Egypt , and southeast of Greece . The Morea ( or , , ) was the name of the ___MASK73___ peninsula in southern ___MASK97___ during the Middle Ages and the early modern period . The name was used for the Byzantine province known as the Despotate of the Morea , by the Ottoman Empire for the Morea Eyalet , and by the Republic of Venice for the short - lived Kingdom of the Morea . Ancient Greek includes the forms of Greek used in ancient ___MASK97___ and the ancient world from around the 9th century BC to the 6th century AD . It is often roughly divided into the Archaic period ( 9th to 6th centuries BC ), Classical period ( 5th and 4th centuries BC ), and Hellenistic period ( 3rd century BC to the 6th century AD ). It is antedated in the second millennium BC by Mycenaean Greek . Corinth (" Kórinthos ") is a city and former municipality in Corinthia , ___MASK73___ , ___MASK97___ . Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality of Corinth , of which it is the seat and a municipal unit . It is the capital of Corinthia . The Aegean Islands ( transliterated : " Nisiá Aigaíou ") are the group of islands in the ___MASK30___ , with mainland Greece to the west and north and Turkey to the east ; the island of Crete delimits the sea to the south , those of ___MASK95___ , Karpathos and Kasos to the southeast . The ancient Greek name of the ___MASK30___ , " Archipelago " (" archipelagos ") was later applied to the islands it contains and is now used more generally , to refer to any island group . ___MASK34___ ( / , Sassarese : " Sardhigna ", Gallurese : " Saldigna ", Catalan : " Sardenya ", Tabarchino : " Sardegna ") is the second largest island in the ___MASK85___ ( after ___MASK82___ and before ___MASK48___ ) and an autonomous region of Italy . It is located in the Western Mediterranean , just south of the French island of ___MASK100___ . In the history of ___MASK9___ , the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted from the 5th to the 15th century . It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery . The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history : classical antiquity , the medieval period , and the modern period . The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early , High , and Late Middle Ages . ___MASK82___ is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea . It constitutes an autonomous Region of Italy , along with surrounding minor islands , officially referred to as " Regione Siciliana " ( in Italian , Sicilian Region ). ___MASK100___ ( Corsican and Italian : " ___MASK100___ " ) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 13 regions of France . It is located west of the Italian Peninsula , southeast of the French mainland , and north of the Italian island of Sardinia . Mountains make up two - thirds of the island , forming a single chain . The ___MASK73___ or Peloponnesus (" Pelopónnsos "), is a peninsula and geographic region in southern ___MASK97___ . It is separated from the central part of the country by the Gulf of Corinth . During the late Middle Ages and the Ottoman era , the peninsula was known as the Morea , a name still in colloquial use in its demotic form (  ). The Dardanelles , also known in Classical Antiquity as the Hellespont (" Hellespontos ", literally " Sea of Helle "), is a narrow , natural strait and internationally - significant waterway in northwestern Turkey that forms part of the continental boundary between ___MASK9___ and ___MASK44___ , and separates Asian Turkey from European Turkey . One of the world ' s narrowest straits used for international navigation , the Dardanelles connects the Sea of Marmara with the Aegean and Mediterranean Seas , while also allowing passage to the Black Sea by extension via the Bosphorus . The Gulf of Corinth or the Corinthian Gulf (" Korinthiaks Klpos ") is a deep inlet of the ___MASK76___ separating the Peloponnese from western mainland Greece . It is bounded in the east by the Isthmus of Corinth which includes the shipping - designed Corinth Canal and in the west by the Strait of Rion which widens into the shorter Gulf of Patras ( part of the ___MASK76___ ) and of which the narrowest point is crossed since 2004 by the Rio - Antirio Bridge . The gulf is bordered by the large administrative divisions ( prefectures ): Aetolia - Acarnania and Phocis in the north , Boeotia in the northeast , Attica in the east , Corinthia in the southeast and south and Achaea in the southwest . The gulf is in tectonic movement comparable to movement in parts of Iceland and Turkey , growing by per year . Antikythera or Anticythera ( / æntkr / , / æntsr / ; Ancient Greek :  Greek :  , ( andiciira ) , literally `` opposite Kythera '' ) is a Greek island lying on the edge of the ___MASK30___ , between Crete and Peloponnese . Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality of Kythera island . Antikythera may also refer to the Antikythera Strait , through which modified Mediterranean water enters the Sea of Crete . Its land area is 20 . 43 square kilometres ( 7 . 89 square miles ) , and it lies 38 kilometres ( 24 miles ) south - east of Kythira . It is the most distant part of the Attica region from its heart in the Athens metropolitan area . It is lozenge - shaped , 10 . 5 km ( 6 . 5 mi ) NNW to SSE by 3 . 4 km ( 2 . 1 mi ) ENE to WSW . It is notable for being the location of the discovery of the Antikythera mechanism and for the historical Antikythera wreck . Its main settlement and port is Potamós ( pop . 18 inhabitants in 2001 census ) . The only other settlements are Galanianá ( pop . 17 ) , and Charchalianá ( pop . 9 ) . Antikythera is sporadically visited by the LANE Lines ferry Vitsentzos Kornaros on its route between Piraeus ( Athens ) and Kissamos - Kastelli on Crete . Aegea is a back - formation from " Aegean ", the sea that was named after an eponymous Aegeus in early levels of Greek mythology . The " Encyclopaedia Britannica " ( 1911 ) mentioned an Aegea , queen of the Amazons , as an alternative eponym of the ___MASK30___ . Legend says she commanded an army of Amazon women warriors that traveled from Libya to ___MASK44___ Minor to fight at Troy , and that she perished at sea with her army . The Bosphorus ( or ) or Bosporus (" Bósporos " ) is a narrow , natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in northwestern Turkey . It forms part of the continental boundary between ___MASK9___ and ___MASK44___ , and separates Asian Turkey from European Turkey . The world ' s narrowest strait used for international navigation , the Bosphorus connects the Black Sea with the Sea of Marmara , and , by extension via the Dardanelles , the Aegean and Mediterranean Seas . The ___MASK67___ is a body of water between ___MASK79___ and Western Asia , bounded by Bulgaria , Georgia , Romania , Russia , Turkey , and Ukraine . It is supplied by a number of major rivers , such as the Danube , Dnieper , Rioni , Southern Bug , and Dniester . The ___MASK67___ has an area of ( not including the Sea of Azov ), a maximum depth of , and a volume of . It is constrained by the Pontic Mountains to the south and by the Caucasus Mountains to the east , and features a wide shelf to the northwest . The longest east - west extent is about . ___MASK6___ ("" ; Ancient Greek : , " Krt ") is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands , 88th - largest island in the world and the fifth - largest island in the ___MASK85___ , after ___MASK82___ , Sardinia , ___MASK48___ , and ___MASK100___ . ___MASK6___ and a number of surrounding islands and islets constitute the region of ___MASK6___ , one of the 13 top - level administrative units of Greece . The capital and the largest city is Heraklion . , the region had a population of 623 , 065 . Heraklion (, " Irákleio ") is the largest city and the administrative capital of the island of ___MASK6___ . It is the fourth largest city in ___MASK97___ . According to the results of the 2011 census , the population of the city proper was 140 , 730 inhabitants , the municipality ' s was 173 , 993 while the Heraklion urban area has a population of 225 , 574 and it extends over an area of . The ___MASK85___ ( pronounced ) is a sea connected to the ___MASK38___ , surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land : on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia , on the south by North Africa , and on the east by the Levant . The sea is sometimes considered a part of the ___MASK38___ , although it is usually identified as a separate body of water . ___MASK97___ (' ), officially the Hellenic Republic ( Greek : ' ), historically also known as Hellas ("" ), is a country in southeastern Europe . ___MASK97___ ' s population is approximately 10 . 955 million as of 2015 . ___MASK80___ is the nation ' s capital and largest city , followed by Thessaloniki . The ___MASK30___ is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea located between the Greek and Anatolian peninsulas , i . e ., between the mainlands of Greece and Turkey . In the north , it is connected to the Marmara Sea and Black Sea by the Dardanelles and Bosphorus . The Aegean Islands are within the sea and some bound it on its southern periphery , including Crete and ___MASK95___ . Anatolia ( from Greek , '  " east " or "( sun ) rise "; in modern ), in geography known as ___MASK44___ Minor ( from '  " small ___MASK44___ "; in modern ), Asian Turkey , Anatolian peninsula , or Anatolian plateau , is the westernmost protrusion of ___MASK44___ , which makes up the majority of modern - day Turkey . The region is bounded by the Black Sea to the north , the Mediterranean Sea to the south , and the Aegean Sea to the west . The Sea of Marmara forms a connection between the Black and Aegean Seas through the Bosphorus and Dardanelles straits and separates Anatolia from Thrace on the European mainland . Turkey , officially the Republic of Turkey ( Turkish : ), is a transcontinental country in ___MASK12___ , mainly in Anatolia in Western ___MASK44___ , with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe . Turkey is a democratic , secular , unitary , parliamentary republic with a diverse cultural heritage . Turkey is bordered by eight countries : Greece to the west ; Bulgaria to the northwest ; Georgia to the northeast ; Armenia , the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan and Iran to the east ; and Iraq and Syria to the south . The Aegean Sea is to the west , the Black Sea to the north , and the Mediterranean Sea to the south . The Bosphorus , the Sea of Marmara , and the Dardanelles , which together form the Turkish Straits , divide Thrace and Anatolia ; they also separate Europe and ___MASK44___ . Turkey ' s location has given it geopolitical and strategic importance throughout history .