located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity hemse stave church
___MASK26___ is a historical and cultural region in ___MASK8___ ___MASK47___ characterized by a common ethnocultural North Germanic heritage and mutually intelligible North Germanic languages . A monk ( from , " monachos ", " single , solitary " and Latin " monachus ") is a person who practices religious asceticism , living either alone or with any number ___MASK54___ other monks . A monk may be a person who decided to dedicate his life to serving all other living beings , or to be an ascetic who voluntarily chooses to leave mainstream society and live his life in prayer and contemplation . The concept is ancient and can be seen in many religions and in philosophy . The Baltic Sea ( ; ) is a sea ___MASK54___ the ___MASK91___ , enclosed by Scandinavia , Finland , the Baltic countries , and the North European Plain . It includes the Gulf ___MASK54___ Bothnia , the Bay ___MASK54___ Bothnia , the Gulf ___MASK54___ Finland , the Gulf ___MASK54___ ___MASK33___ , and the Bay ___MASK54___ Gdask . The sea stretches from 53 ° N to 66 ° N latitude and from 10 ° E to 30 ° E longitude . A mediterranean sea ___MASK54___ the Atlantic , with limited water exchange between the two bodies , the Baltic Sea drains through the Danish islands into the Kattegat by way ___MASK54___ the straits ___MASK54___ Øresund , the Great Belt , and the Little Belt . ___MASK47___ is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia . ___MASK47___ is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north , the Atlantic Ocean to the ___MASK59___ , and the Mediterranean Sea to the south . To the ___MASK22___ and southeast , ___MASK47___ is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains , the Ural River , the Caspian and Black Seas , and the waterways of the Turkish Straits . Yet the non - oceanic borders of ___MASK47___  a concept dating back to classical antiquity  are arbitrary . The primarily physiographic term " continent " as applied to ___MASK47___ also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent ' s current overland boundaries . The Nordic countries or Nordics are a geographical and cultural region in ___MASK8___ ___MASK47___ and the North Atlantic , where they are ___MASK6___ commonly known as Norden ( lit ., " The North "). They consist of ___MASK87___ , Finland , Iceland , Norway , and Sweden , including their associated territories ( Greenland , the Faroe Islands , and the Åland Islands ). An island or isle is any piece ___MASK54___ sub - continental land that is surrounded by water . Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets , skerries , cays or keys . An island in a river or a lake island may be called an eyot or ait , and a small island off the coast may be called a holm . A grouping ___MASK54___ geographically or geologically related islands is called an archipelago , e . g . the ___MASK81___ . ___MASK69___ ( older spellings include Gottland or Gothland ,), " Gutland " in the local dialect Gutnish , is a province , county , municipality , and diocese of Sweden . It is Sweden ' s largest island . The province includes the small islands of Fårö and Gotska Sandön to the north , as well as the even smaller Karlsö Islands ( Lilla and Stora ) to the west . The population is 57 , 221 , of which about 23 , 600 live in Visby , the main town . The island of ___MASK69___ and the other areas of the province of ___MASK69___ make up less than one percent of Sweden ' s total land area . Gutnish , or Gotlandic , is a Scandinavian language spoken on the island ___MASK54___ ___MASK69___ in Sweden  generally considered to be a dialect ___MASK54___ Swedish . Most Gotlanders speak Standard Swedish and contemporary Gutnish has been significantly influenced by it . It is an open issue whether the traditional Gutnish ( sometimes called Older Gutnish ) dialect , which was close to Old Gutnish , should be considered an independent language or a dialect ___MASK54___ Swedish . There are major efforts to revive the traditional variety ___MASK54___ Gutnish , and Gutamålsgillet ( Gutnish Language Guild ) is organizing classes and meetings for speakers ___MASK54___ traditional Gutnish . According to the guild ' s webpage , there are now 1500 people using Gutnish on Facebook . Hemse is a locality situated on the Swedish island ___MASK54___ ___MASK69___ with 1 , 700 inhabitants in 2014 . It is the second largest locality ( after Visby ) on the island ___MASK54___ ___MASK69___ . Formerly a socken , on 1January 2016 , it was reconstituted into the administrative area Hemse District . During 19th century Hemse was known for its market places . Timber framing and " ___MASK31___ - and - beam " construction are methods ___MASK54___ building with heavy timbers rather than dimensional lumber such as 2x4s . Traditional timber framing is the method ___MASK54___ creating structures using heavy squared - off and carefully fitted and joined timbers with joints secured by large wooden pegs ( larger versions ___MASK54___ the mortise and tenon joints in furniture ). It is commonplace in wooden buildings from the 19th century and earlier . The method comes from making things out ___MASK54___ logs and tree trunks without modern high tech saws to cut lumber from the starting material stock . Using axes , adzes , and draw knives , hand - powered auger drill bits ( brace and bit ), and laborious woodworking , artisans or farmers could gradually assemble a building capable ___MASK54___ bearing heavy weight without excessive use ___MASK54___ interior space given over to vertical support posts . Since this building method has been used for thousands ___MASK54___ years in many parts ___MASK54___ the world , many styles ___MASK54___ historic framing have developed . These styles are often categorized by the type ___MASK54___ foundation , walls , how and where the beams intersect , the use ___MASK54___ curved timbers , and the roof framing details . Three basic types ___MASK54___ timber frames in English - speaking countries are the box frame , cruck frame , and aisled frame . In Christianity , the Great Commission is the instruction ___MASK54___ the resurrected Jesus Christ to his disciples to spread his teachings to all the nations ___MASK54___ the world . The ___MASK6___ famous version ___MASK54___ the Great Commission is in , where on a mountain in Galilee Jesus calls on his followers to baptize all nations in the name ___MASK54___ the Father , the Son , and the Holy Spirit . Evangelism is the preaching ___MASK54___ the gospel or the practice ___MASK54___ giving information about a particular doctrine or set ___MASK54___ beliefs to others with the intention ___MASK54___ converting others to the Christian faith . Late Antiquity is a periodization used by historians to describe the ___MASK57___ of transition from classical antiquity to the Middle Ages in mainland Europe , the Mediterranean world , and the Middle East . The development of the periodization has generally been accredited to historian Peter Brown , after the publication of his seminal work " The World of Late Antiquity " ( 1971 ). Precise boundaries for the period are a continuing matter of debate , but Brown proposes a period between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD . Generally , it can be thought of as from the end of the Roman Empire ' s Crisis of the Third Century ( c . 235  284 ) to , in the East , the early Islamic period ( 7th  9th centuries ), following the Muslim conquests in the mid  7th century . In the West the end was earlier , with the start of the Early Medieval period typically placed in the 6th century , or earlier on the Western edges of the empire . Christianization ( or Christianisation ) is the conversion ___MASK54___ individuals to Christianity or the conversion ___MASK54___ entire groups at once . Various strategies and techniques were employed in Christianization campaigns from Late Antiquity and throughout the Middle Ages . Often the conversion ___MASK54___ the ruler was followed by the compulsory baptism ___MASK54___ his subjects . Some were evangelization by monks or priests , organic growth within an already partly Christianized society , or by campaigns against paganism such as the conversion ___MASK54___ pagan temples into Christian churches or the condemnation ___MASK54___ pagan gods and practices . A notable strategy for Christianization was " Interpretatio Christiana "  the practice ___MASK54___ converting native pagan practices and culture , pagan religious imagery , pagan sites and the pagan calendar to Christian uses , due to the Christian efforts at proselytism ( evangelism ) based on the Great Commission . A palisade church is a church building which is built with " palisade walls ", standing ___MASK14___ logs of timber , rammed into the ground , set in gravel or resting on a sill . The palisade walls form an integral part of the load - bearing system . Hemse stave church is a rediscovered stave church from Hemse at ___MASK69___ . Before the present Hemse Church was built there was a stave church from the early Christian period in the beginning of 11th century . The solid and richly ornamented stave planks of oak was used as a wooden floor in the present church . This stave church , or perhaps palisade church with sills ( since it is unclear how the corners were constructed ) , is the only more or less complete church rediscovered from the Christianization of Sweden . It is now in storage at Statens historiska museum in ___MASK50___ . The stave church has been replaced by a stone church , which was finished in the 13th century . During a renovation of this church in the late 19th century , parts of the stave church were discovered , because the wood pieces of the stave church had been reused for building the floor of the current church . ___MASK64___ (; Norwegian : ( Bokmål ) or ( Nynorsk ); Sami : " Norgga "), officially the Kingdom ___MASK54___ ___MASK64___ , is a sovereign and unitary monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion ___MASK54___ the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the island ___MASK13___ and the archipelago ___MASK54___ Svalbard . The Antarctic Peter I Island and the sub - Antarctic Bouvet Island are dependent territories and thus not considered part ___MASK54___ the Kingdom . ___MASK64___ also lays claim to a section ___MASK54___ Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land . Until 1814 , the Kingdom included the Faroe Islands ( since 1035 ), Greenland ( 1261 ), and Iceland ( 1262 ). It also included Shetland and Orkney until 1468 . It also included the following provinces , now in Sweden : Jämtland , Härjedalen and Bohuslän . The Stone Age was a broad prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make implements with an edge , a point , or a percussion surface . The period lasted roughly 3 . 4 million years , and ended between 8700 BCE and 2000 BCE with the advent ___MASK54___ metalworking . ___MASK50___ County (" Stockholms län ") is a county or " län " ( in Swedish ) on the Baltic sea coast of Sweden . It borders Uppsala County and Södermanland County . It also borders Mälaren and the Baltic Sea . The city of ___MASK50___ is the capital of Sweden . ___MASK50___ County is divided by the historic provinces of Uppland ( Roslagen ) and Södermanland ( Södertörn ). More than one fifth of the Swedish population lives in the county . ___MASK50___ County is also one of the statistical " riksområden " ( national areas ) according to , Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics within the EU . With more than two million inhabitants , ___MASK50___ is the most densely populated county of Sweden . ___MASK8___ ___MASK47___ is the ___MASK8___ part or region of ___MASK47___ . Although no definitive borders or definition exists for the term , geographically , ___MASK8___ ___MASK47___ may be considered to consist approximately of all of ___MASK47___ above the 52nd parallel north ; which includes ( from ___MASK59___ to ___MASK22___ ) ___MASK6___ or all of : Iceland , the Republic of Ireland , the Isle of Man , the United Kingdom , the Faroe Islands , the Netherlands , ___MASK8___ Germany , ___MASK87___ , Norway , Sweden , ___MASK8___ Poland , Finland , Estonia , Latvia , Lithuania and ___MASK80___ Russia . However , narrower definitions may also be used based on other geographical factors , such as climate and ecology . Greenland , geographically a part of North America , is politically a part of the Kingdom of ___MASK87___ , and may be included depending on the definition . The ___MASK97___ ( EU ) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe . It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million . The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states . EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people , goods , services , and capital within the internal market , enact legislation in justice and home affairs , and maintain common policies on trade , agriculture , fisheries , and regional development . Within the Schengen Area , passport controls have been abolished . A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002 , and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency . The ___MASK50___ archipelago is the largest archipelago in Sweden , and the second - largest archipelago in the Baltic Sea ( the largest being across the Baltic in Finland ). ___MASK93___ , officially the Republic ___MASK54___ ___MASK93___ , is a sovereign state in ___MASK8___ ___MASK47___ . A peninsula with the Gulf ___MASK54___ ___MASK93___ to the south and the Gulf ___MASK54___ Bothnia to the ___MASK59___ , the country has land borders with Sweden to the ___MASK80___ , Norway to the north , and Russia to the east . Estonia is south ___MASK54___ the country across the Gulf ___MASK54___ ___MASK93___ . ___MASK93___ is a Nordic country situated in the geographical region ___MASK54___ Fennoscandia , which also includes Scandinavia . ___MASK93___ ' s population is 5 . 5 million ( 2014 ), staying roughly on the same level over the past two decades . The majority ___MASK54___ the population is concentrated in the southern region . In terms ___MASK54___ area , it is the eighth largest country in ___MASK47___ and the most sparsely populated country in the ___MASK97___ . In the history ___MASK54___ ___MASK47___ , the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted from the 5th to the 15th century . It began with the fall ___MASK54___ the Western ___MASK20___ and merged into the Renaissance and the Age ___MASK54___ Discovery . The Middle Ages is the middle period ___MASK54___ the three traditional divisions ___MASK54___ Western history : classical antiquity , the medieval period , and the modern period . The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early , High , and Late Middle Ages . A stave church is a medieval wooden Christian church building once common in ___MASK17___ - western ___MASK47___ . The name derives from the buildings ' structure of post and lintel construction , a type of timber framing where the load - bearing ore - pine posts are called " stafr " in Old Norse (" stav " in modern Norwegian ). Two related church building types also named for their structural elements , the post church and palisade church , are often also called ' stave churches '. During the 6th millennium BC , agriculture spread from the ___MASK72___ to Italy and Eastern ___MASK47___ , and also from Mesopotamia to ___MASK48___ . World population was essentially stable at numbers ranging between approximately 5 and 7 million . ___MASK45___ , officially the Kingdom ___MASK54___ ___MASK45___ ( Swedish : ), is a Scandinavian country in ___MASK8___ ___MASK47___ . It borders Norway to the ___MASK59___ and Finland to the ___MASK22___ , and is connected to ___MASK87___ in the ___MASK49___ by a bridge - tunnel across the Öresund . At , ___MASK45___ is the third - largest country in the ___MASK97___ by area , with a total population ___MASK54___ 10 . 0 million . ___MASK45___ consequently has a low population density ___MASK54___ , with the highest concentration in the southern half ___MASK54___ the country . Approximately 85 % ___MASK54___ the population lives in urban areas . ___MASK50___ ( or ) is the capital of Sweden and the most populous city in the Nordic countries ; 932 , 917 people live in the municipality , approximately 1 . 5 million in the urban area , and 2 . 3 million in the metropolitan area . The city is spread across 14 islands on the coast in the southeast of Sweden at the mouth of Lake Mälaren , by the ___MASK50___ archipelago and the Baltic Sea . The area has been settled since the Stone Age , in the 6th millennium BC , and was founded as a city in 1252 by a Swedish statesman Birger Jarl . It is also the capital of ___MASK50___ County . In architecture , ___MASK31___ and lintel ( also called prop and lintel or a trabeated system ) is a building system where strong horizontal elements are held up by strong vertical elements with large spaces between them . This is usually used to hold up a roof , creating a largely open space beneath , for whatever use the building is designed for . The horizontal elements are called by a variety ___MASK54___ names including lintel , header , architrave or beam , and the supporting vertical elements may be called columns , pillars , or posts . The use ___MASK54___ wider elements at the top ___MASK54___ the ___MASK31___ , called capitals , to help spread the load , is common to many traditions . Biography . Early life . It is known that Birger grew up and spent his adolescence in Bjälbo , ___MASK41___ but the exact ___MASK36___ of his birth remains uncertain and available historical sources are contradictory . Examinations of his mortal remains indicate that he was probably about 50 upon his death in 1266 which would indicate a birth around 1216 . However , his father Magnus Minnesköld is assumed to have died no later than 1210 , which would ___MASK95___ to an assumed birth a few years earlier . Under any circumstance , he was the son of Ingrid Ylva , who according to Olaus Petri was a daughter of Sune Sik and granddaughter of ___MASK70___ Sverker I of Sweden , which would make Birger a matrilineal member of the House of Sverker . His brothers or half - brothers  Eskil , Karl , and Bengt  were all born long before 1200 , and it can therefore be assumed that they had another mother . He was also a nephew of the jarl Birger Brosa from the House of Bjelbo . The combination of this background proved to be of vital importance . Mälaren , historically referred to as Lake Malar in English , is the third - largest ___MASK78___ lake in Sweden ( after Vänern and Vättern ). Its area is 1 , 140 km² and its greatest depth is 64 m . Mälaren spans 120 kilometers from east to west . The lake drains , from south - west to north - east , into the Baltic Sea through the Södertälje Canal , Hammarbyslussen , Karl Johansslussen and Norrström . The easternmost bay of Mälaren , in central ___MASK50___ , is called Riddarfjärden . The lake is located in Svealand and bounded by the provinces of Uppland , Södermanland , Närke , and Västmanland . The two largest islands in Mälaren are Selaön ( 91 km² ) and Svartsjölandet ( 79 km² ). Gravel is composed ___MASK54___ unconsolidated ___MASK44___ fragments that have a general particle size range and include size classes from granule - to boulder - sized fragments . Gravel is categorized by the Udden - ___MASK56___ scale into granular gravel and pebble gravel . One cubic metre ___MASK54___ gravel typically weighs about 1 , 800 kg ( or a cubic yard weighs about 3 , 000 pounds ). Visby is a locality and the seat ___MASK54___ ___MASK32___ in Gotland County , on the island ___MASK54___ Gotland , Sweden with 23 , 880 inhabitants , . Visby is also the episcopal see for the Diocese ___MASK54___ Visby . The Hanseatic city ___MASK54___ Visby is arguably the best - preserved medieval city in Scandinavia and since 1995 , it is on the UNESCO World Heritage Site list . Among the most notable historical remains are the long town wall that encircles the town center , and a number ___MASK54___ church ruins . Gotska Sandön ( literally translated as Gotlandic Sand Island ) is an uninhabited Swedish island , since 1909 also a ___MASK37___ , situated ___MASK17___ ___MASK54___ Fårö in the Baltic Sea . Legally a part ___MASK54___ ___MASK69___ province , it is approximately long and wide , with a total area ___MASK54___ approximately . The island consists mostly ___MASK54___ sand and is dominated by beaches , dunes and especially pine forests . Aside from a colony ___MASK54___ grey seals , the higher fauna is not very rich . However , the island is home to many rare insects and plants , including the Kashubian vetch and several species ___MASK54___ orchid . During the summer , there are regular boat tours from Fårö Island and Nynäshamn on the mainland . ___MASK31___ church ( Norwegian : " stolpekirke ") is a term for a church building which predates the stave churches and differ in that the corner posts do not reside on a sill but instead have posts dug into the ___MASK23___ . Posts are the vertical , roof - bearing timbers that were placed in the excavated post holes . Posts were often placed in trenches filled with stone , but were still susceptible to decay . Fårö is a Baltic Sea island just off ___MASK17___ ___MASK54___ the island ___MASK54___ ___MASK69___ , itself off mainland Sweden ' s southeastern coast . It is the second - largest island in the province and it is a popular summer resort . It has its own dialect (" Faroymal ", a dialect ___MASK54___ Gutnish ), claimed to be the oldest language in Sweden . Formerly a socken which includes the Gotska Sandön island , on 1January 2016 , it was reconstituted into the administrative area Fårö District . Old Norse was a ___MASK17___ Germanic language that was spoken by inhabitants ___MASK54___ Scandinavia and inhabitants ___MASK54___ their overseas settlements during about the 9th to 13th centuries . ___MASK87___ is a Scandinavian country in Europe . The southernmost and smallest of the Nordic countries , it is south - west of Sweden and south of Norway , and bordered to the south by Germany . The Kingdom of ___MASK87___ is the sovereign state that comprises ___MASK87___ proper and two autonomous constituent countries in the North Atlantic Ocean : the Faroe Islands and Greenland . ___MASK87___ has a total area of , and a population of 5 . 7 million . The country consists of a peninsula , Jutland , and an archipelago of 443 named islands , with the largest being Zealand and Funen . The islands are characterised by flat , arable land and sandy coasts , low elevation and a temperate climate .