The International Monetary Fund has called on G20 nations to boost government spending as the impact of ultra-low interest rates begins to reach its limits in developed countries.  Central bank chiefs and finance ministers from the world’s top 20 economies gathered in the south-western Chinese city of Chengdu on Saturday to tackle problems facing the global economy, which have been aggravated by the British vote to leave the European Union.  “Global growth remains weak, and downside risks have become more salient,” the IMF said in a report released ahead of the G20 meeting.  Related: Britain's economy shrinking at fastest rate since 2009, says survey  “Growth could be even lower if the current increases in economic and political uncertainty in the wake of the ‘Brexit’ vote continue.”  In an update to its April forecast, the IMF lowered its forecasts for global growth this year and next by 0.1%, to 3.1% and 3.5% respectively.  The British chancellor, Philip Hammond, is among those attending to deliver a message that his country is still “open for business”, according to a statement from the treasury.  But the IMF wants advanced economies like Germany and the United States to channel more public spending into infrastructure investment to help boost global growth, an issue that has sparked divisions among G20 members.  “Reforms that facilitate the scaling up of infrastructure investment would help raise productive capacity, boost short-term demand directly, and catalyse private investment,” it said.  At an earlier G20 meeting in February, finance ministers vowed to use “all policy tools” – monetary, fiscal and structural – to support economic growth.  Related: The Brexit quiz: one month on, how much do you know?  “The G20 process has given us greater ability to focus globally on how to use the different tools at our disposal to promote growth,” US Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew told the tax seminar.  But with the use of monetary policy reaching its limits in some countries, analysts see more room for using fiscal measures.  “As to stimulus, we actually do not expect much monetary stimulus ahead in the major advanced economies other than in Japan,” Louis Kuijs, head of Asia economics at Oxford Economics in Hong Kong, told AFP ahead of the G20 meeting.  “But I do think that the likelihood of fiscal policy easing is rising globally.”  Other challenges besides Brexit included what one official attending referred to as the “Three Ts” – terrorism, Turkey and Trump.  The recent attack in the French city of Nice which killed 84 people, the third major incident in the European country over the past 18 months, has rattled financial markets, and a gunman in the German city of Munich killed nine people on Friday.  A failed coup in Turkey which had aimed at unseating President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, and his huge subsequent crackdown on opponents, has alarmed Ankara’s Western allies.  Speaking at a G20-linked tax seminar on Saturday, Turkey’s deputy prime minister Mehmet Simsek sought to reassure other countries.  “Despite what has happened a week ago in Turkey... we will continue to strongly adhere to democratic principles and apply rule of law, and not much really has changed,” he said.  Donald Trump’s run for the White House, in which he will face Hillary Clinton, could add uncertainty if the contest is close.
Global growth remains weak and risks have risen after the Brexit vote, says IMF, as it calls for more infrastructure spending