content: /*
   * Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project
   *
   * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
   * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
   * You may obtain a copy of the License at
   *
   *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   *
   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   * limitations under the License.
   */
  
  import java.lang.reflect.*;
  import java.util.*;
  
  class Main {
    private static boolean z = true;
    private static byte b = 8;
    private static char c = '\u2714';
    private static double d = Math.PI;
    private static float f = 3.14f;
    private static int i = 32;
    private static long j = 0x0123456789abcdefL;
    private static short s = 16;
  
    public static void testFieldReflection() throws Exception {
      Field f;
  
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("z");
      System.out.println(f.getBoolean(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("b");
      System.out.println(f.getByte(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("c");
      System.out.println(f.getChar(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("d");
      System.out.println(f.getDouble(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("f");
      System.out.println(f.getFloat(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("i");
      System.out.println(f.getInt(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("j");
      System.out.println(f.getLong(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("s");
      System.out.println(f.getShort(null));
  
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("z");
      f.setBoolean(null, false);
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("b");
      f.setByte(null, (byte) 7);
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("c");
      f.setChar(null, 'y');
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("d");
      f.setDouble(null, 2.7);
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("f");
      f.setFloat(null, 2.7f);
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("i");
      f.setInt(null, 31);
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("j");
      f.setLong(null, 63);
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("s");
      f.setShort(null, (short) 15);
  
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("z");
      System.out.println(f.getBoolean(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("b");
      System.out.println(f.getByte(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("c");
      System.out.println(f.getChar(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("d");
      System.out.println(f.getDouble(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("f");
      System.out.println(f.getFloat(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("i");
      System.out.println(f.getInt(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("j");
      System.out.println(f.getLong(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("s");
      System.out.println(f.getShort(null));
  
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("z");
      f.set(null, Boolean.valueOf(true));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("b");
      f.set(null, Byte.valueOf((byte) 6));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("c");
      f.set(null, Character.valueOf('z'));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("d");
      f.set(null, Double.valueOf(1.3));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("f");
      f.set(null, Float.valueOf(1.3f));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("i");
      f.set(null, Integer.valueOf(30));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("j");
      f.set(null, Long.valueOf(62));
      f.set(null, Integer.valueOf(62));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("s");
      f.set(null, Short.valueOf((short) 14));
  
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("z");
      System.out.println(f.getBoolean(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("b");
      System.out.println(f.getByte(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("c");
      System.out.println(f.getChar(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("d");
      System.out.println(f.getDouble(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("f");
      System.out.println(f.getFloat(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("i");
      System.out.println(f.getInt(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("j");
      System.out.println(f.getLong(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("s");
      System.out.println(f.getShort(null));
  
      try {
        f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("s");
        f.set(null, Integer.valueOf(14));
        System.out.println("************* should have thrown!");
      } catch (IllegalArgumentException expected) {
        System.out.println("got expected IllegalArgumentException");
      }
  
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("z");
      show(f.get(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("b");
      show(f.get(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("c");
      show(f.get(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("d");
      show(f.get(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("f");
      show(f.get(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("i");
      show(f.get(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("j");
      show(f.get(null));
      f = Main.class.getDeclaredField("s");
      show(f.get(null));
  
      /*
      private static boolean z = true;
      private static byte b = 8;
      private static char c = '\u2714';
      private static double d = Math.PI;
      private static float f = 3.14f;
      private static int i = 32;
      private static long j = 0x0123456789abcdefL;
      private static short s = 16;
      */
    }
  
    private static void show(Object o) {
      System.out.println(o + " (" + (o != null ? o.getClass() : "null") + ")");
    }
  
    /**
     * Sorts the input array using the comparator and returns the sorted array.
     */
    private static Object[] sort(Object[] objects, Comparator<Object> comp) {
      Arrays.sort(objects, comp);
      return objects;
    }
  
    public static void testMethodReflection() throws Exception {
      Comparator<Object> comp = new Comparator<Object>() {
        public int compare(Object a, Object b) {
          return a.toString().compareTo(b.toString());
        }
        public boolean equals(Object b) {
          return this == b;
        }
      };
  
      // Sort the return values by their string values since the order is undefined by the spec.
      System.out.println(Arrays.toString(sort(String.class.getDeclaredConstructors(), comp)));
      System.out.println(Arrays.toString(sort(String.class.getDeclaredFields(), comp)));
      System.out.println(Arrays.toString(sort(String.class.getDeclaredMethods(), comp)));
  
      System.out.println(Arrays.toString(Main.class.getInterfaces()));
      System.out.println(Arrays.toString(String.class.getInterfaces()));
  
      System.out.println(Main.class.getModifiers());
      System.out.println(String.class.getModifiers());
  
      System.out.println(String.class.isAssignableFrom(Object.class));
      System.out.println(Object.class.isAssignableFrom(String.class));
  
      System.out.println(String.class.isInstance("hello"));
      System.out.println(String.class.isInstance(123));
  
      Method m;
  
      m = Main.class.getDeclaredMethod("IV", int.class);
      System.out.println(Arrays.toString(m.getParameterTypes()));
      show(m.invoke(null, 4444));
      System.out.println(Arrays.toString(m.getParameterTypes()));
  
      m = Main.class.getDeclaredMethod("IIV", int.class, int.class);
      System.out.println(Arrays.toString(m.getParameterTypes()));
      show(m.invoke(null, 1111, 2222));
  
      m = Main.class.getDeclaredMethod("III", int.class, int.class);
      System.out.println(Arrays.toString(m.getParameterTypes()));
      show(m.invoke(null, 1111, 2222));
  
      m = Main.class.getDeclaredMethod("sumArray", int[].class);
      System.out.println(Arrays.toString(m.getParameterTypes()));
      show(m.invoke(null, new int[] { 1, 2, 3, 4 }));
  
      m = Main.class.getDeclaredMethod("concat", String[].class);
      System.out.println(Arrays.toString(m.getParameterTypes()));
      show(m.invoke(null, (Object) new String[] { "h", "e", "l", "l", "o" }));
  
      m = Main.class.getDeclaredMethod("ZBCDFIJSV", boolean.class, byte.class, char.class, double.class, float.class, int.class, long.class, short.class);
      System.out.println(Arrays.toString(m.getParameterTypes()));
      show(m.invoke(null, true, (byte) 0, '1', 2, 3, 4, 5, (short) 6));
  
      m = Main.class.getDeclaredMethod("ZBCDLFIJSV", boolean.class, byte.class, char.class, double.class, String.class, float.class, int.class, long.class, short.class);
      System.out.println(Arrays.toString(m.getParameterTypes()));
      show(m.invoke(null, true, (byte) 0, '1', 2, "hello world", 3, 4, 5, (short) 6));
  
      try {
        m = Main.class.getDeclaredMethod("thrower");
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(m.getParameterTypes()));
        show(m.invoke(null));
        System.out.println("************* should have thrown!");
      } catch (InvocationTargetException expected) {
        System.out.println("got expected InvocationTargetException");
      }
    }
  
    private static void thrower() {
      throw new ArithmeticException("surprise!");
    }
  
    private static int sumArray(int[] xs) {
      int result = 0;
      for (int x : xs) {
        result += x;
      }
      return result;
    }
  
    private static String concat(String[] strings) {
      String result = "";
      for (String s : strings) {
        result += s;
      }
      return result;
    }
  
    private static void IV(int i) {
      System.out.println(i);
    }
  
    private static void IIV(int i, int j) {
      System.out.println(i + " " + j);
    }
  
    private static int III(int i, int j) {
      System.out.println(i + " " + j);
      return i + j;
    }
  
    private static void ZBCDFIJSV(boolean z, byte b, char c, double d, float f, int i, long l, short s) {
      System.out.println(z + " " + b + " " + c + " " + d + " " + f + " " + i + " " + l + " " + s);
    }
  
    private static void ZBCDLFIJSV(boolean z, byte b, char c, double d, String string, float f, int i, long l, short s) {
      System.out.println(z + " " + b + " " + c + " " + d + " " + " " + string + " " + f + " " + i + " " + l + " " + s);
    }
  
    public static void testConstructorReflection() throws Exception {
      Constructor<?> ctor;
  
      ctor = String.class.getConstructor(new Class[0]);
      show(ctor.newInstance((Object[]) null));
  
      ctor = String.class.getConstructor(char[].class, int.class, int.class);
      show(ctor.newInstance(new char[] { '\u2714', 'y', 'z', '!' }, 1, 2));
    }
  
    private static void testPackagePrivateConstructor() {
      try {
        Class<?> c = Class.forName("sub.PPClass");
        Constructor cons = c.getConstructor();
        cons.newInstance();
        throw new RuntimeException("Expected IllegalAccessException.");
      } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
        // Expected.
      } catch (Exception e) {
        // Error.
        e.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
  
    private static void testPackagePrivateAccessibleConstructor() {
      try {
        Class<?> c = Class.forName("sub.PPClass");
        Constructor cons = c.getConstructor();
        cons.setAccessible(true);  // ensure we prevent IllegalAccessException
        cons.newInstance();
      } catch (Exception e) {
        // Error.
        e.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
  
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
      testFieldReflection();
      testMethodReflection();
      testConstructorReflection();
      testPackagePrivateConstructor();
      testPackagePrivateAccessibleConstructor();
    }
  }
  