content: /* ===========================================================
   * JFreeChart : a free chart library for the Java(tm) platform
   * ===========================================================
   *
   * (C) Copyright 2000-2012, by Object Refinery Limited and Contributors.
   *
   * Project Info:  http://www.jfree.org/jfreechart/index.html
   *
   * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
   * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
   * (at your option) any later version.
   *
   * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
   * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
   * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
   * License for more details.
   *
   * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
   * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
   * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301,
   * USA.
   *
   * [Oracle and Java are registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
   * Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.]
   *
   * ----------------------
   * StandardDialScale.java
   * ----------------------
   * (C) Copyright 2006-2012, by Object Refinery Limited.
   *
   * Original Author:  David Gilbert (for Object Refinery Limited);
   * Contributor(s):   -;
   *
   * Changes
   * -------
   * 03-Nov-2006 : Version 1 (DG);
   * 17-Nov-2006 : Added flags for tick label visibility (DG);
   * 24-Oct-2007 : Added tick label formatter (DG);
   * 19-Nov-2007 : Added some missing accessor methods (DG);
   * 27-Feb-2009 : Fixed bug 2617557: tickLabelPaint ignored (DG);
   * 09-Feb-2010 : Fixed bug 2946521 (DG);
   * 08-Jan-2012 : Added missing angleToValue() implementation (DG);
   * 17-Jun-2012 : Removed JCommon dependencies (DG);
   *
   */
  
  package org.jfree.chart.plot.dial;
  
  import java.awt.BasicStroke;
  import java.awt.Color;
  import java.awt.Font;
  import java.awt.Graphics2D;
  import java.awt.Paint;
  import java.awt.Stroke;
  import java.awt.geom.Arc2D;
  import java.awt.geom.Line2D;
  import java.awt.geom.Point2D;
  import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
  import java.io.IOException;
  import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
  import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
  import java.io.Serializable;
  import java.text.DecimalFormat;
  import java.text.NumberFormat;
  
  import org.jfree.chart.ui.TextAnchor;
  import org.jfree.chart.util.PaintUtilities;
  import org.jfree.chart.util.PublicCloneable;
  import org.jfree.chart.text.TextUtilities;
  import org.jfree.chart.util.SerialUtilities;
  
  /**
   * A scale for a {@link DialPlot}.
   *
   * @since 1.0.7
   */
  public class StandardDialScale extends AbstractDialLayer implements DialScale,
          Cloneable, PublicCloneable, Serializable {
  
      /** For serialization. */
      static final long serialVersionUID = 3715644629665918516L;
  
      /** The minimum data value for the scale. */
      private double lowerBound;
  
      /** The maximum data value for the scale. */
      private double upperBound;
  
      /**
       * The start angle for the scale display, in degrees (using the same
       * encoding as Arc2D).
       */
      private double startAngle;
  
      /** The extent of the scale display. */
      private double extent;
  
      /**
       * The factor (in the range 0.0 to 1.0) that determines the outside limit
       * of the tick marks.
       */
      private double tickRadius;
  
      /**
       * The increment (in data units) between major tick marks.
       */
      private double majorTickIncrement;
  
      /**
       * The factor that is subtracted from the tickRadius to determine the
       * inner point of the major ticks.
       */
      private double majorTickLength;
  
      /**
       * The paint to use for major tick marks.  This field is transient because
       * it requires special handling for serialization.
       */
      private transient Paint majorTickPaint;
  
      /**
       * The stroke to use for major tick marks.  This field is transient because
       * it requires special handling for serialization.
       */
      private transient Stroke majorTickStroke;
  
      /**
       * The number of minor ticks between each major tick.
       */
      private int minorTickCount;
  
      /**
       * The factor that is subtracted from the tickRadius to determine the
       * inner point of the minor ticks.
       */
      private double minorTickLength;
  
      /**
       * The paint to use for minor tick marks.  This field is transient because
       * it requires special handling for serialization.
       */
      private transient Paint minorTickPaint;
  
      /**
       * The stroke to use for minor tick marks.  This field is transient because
       * it requires special handling for serialization.
       */
      private transient Stroke minorTickStroke;
  
      /**
       * The tick label offset.
       */
      private double tickLabelOffset;
  
      /**
       * The tick label font.
       */
      private Font tickLabelFont;
  
      /**
       * A flag that controls whether or not the tick labels are
       * displayed.
       */
      private boolean tickLabelsVisible;
  
      /**
       * The number formatter for the tick labels.
       */
      private NumberFormat tickLabelFormatter;
  
      /**
       * A flag that controls whether or not the first tick label is
       * displayed.
       */
      private boolean firstTickLabelVisible;
  
      /**
       * The tick label paint.  This field is transient because it requires
       * special handling for serialization.
       */
      private transient Paint tickLabelPaint;
  
      /**
       * Creates a new instance of DialScale.
       */
      public StandardDialScale() {
          this(0.0, 100.0, 175, -170, 10.0, 4);
      }
  
      /**
       * Creates a new instance.
       *
       * @param lowerBound  the lower bound of the scale.
       * @param upperBound  the upper bound of the scale.
       * @param startAngle  the start angle (in degrees, using the same
       *     orientation as Java's <code>Arc2D</code> class).
       * @param extent  the extent (in degrees, counter-clockwise).
       * @param majorTickIncrement  the interval between major tick marks (must
       *     be > 0).
       * @param minorTickCount  the number of minor ticks between major tick
       *          marks.
       */
      public StandardDialScale(double lowerBound, double upperBound,
              double startAngle, double extent, double majorTickIncrement,
              int minorTickCount) {
          if (majorTickIncrement <= 0.0) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                      "Requires 'majorTickIncrement' > 0.");
          }
          this.startAngle = startAngle;
          this.extent = extent;
          this.lowerBound = lowerBound;
          this.upperBound = upperBound;
          this.tickRadius = 0.70;
          this.tickLabelsVisible = true;
          this.tickLabelFormatter = new DecimalFormat("0.0");
          this.firstTickLabelVisible = true;
          this.tickLabelFont = new Font("Dialog", Font.BOLD, 16);
          this.tickLabelPaint = Color.BLUE;
          this.tickLabelOffset = 0.10;
          this.majorTickIncrement = majorTickIncrement;
          this.majorTickLength = 0.04;
          this.majorTickPaint = Color.BLACK;
          this.majorTickStroke = new BasicStroke(3.0f);
          this.minorTickCount = minorTickCount;
          this.minorTickLength = 0.02;
          this.minorTickPaint = Color.BLACK;
          this.minorTickStroke = new BasicStroke(1.0f);
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the lower bound for the scale.
       *
       * @return The lower bound for the scale.
       *
       * @see #setLowerBound(double)
       *
       * @since 1.0.8
       */
      public double getLowerBound() {
          return this.lowerBound;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the lower bound for the scale and sends a
       * {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to all registered listeners.
       *
       * @param lower  the lower bound.
       *
       * @see #getLowerBound()
       *
       * @since 1.0.8
       */
      public void setLowerBound(double lower) {
          this.lowerBound = lower;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the upper bound for the scale.
       *
       * @return The upper bound for the scale.
       *
       * @see #setUpperBound(double)
       *
       * @since 1.0.8
       */
      public double getUpperBound() {
          return this.upperBound;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the upper bound for the scale and sends a
       * {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to all registered listeners.
       *
       * @param upper  the upper bound.
       *
       * @see #getUpperBound()
       *
       * @since 1.0.8
       */
      public void setUpperBound(double upper) {
          this.upperBound = upper;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the start angle for the scale (in degrees using the same
       * orientation as Java's <code>Arc2D</code> class).
       *
       * @return The start angle.
       *
       * @see #setStartAngle(double)
       */
      public double getStartAngle() {
          return this.startAngle;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the start angle for the scale and sends a
       * {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to all registered listeners.
       *
       * @param angle  the angle (in degrees).
       *
       * @see #getStartAngle()
       */
      public void setStartAngle(double angle) {
          this.startAngle = angle;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the extent.
       *
       * @return The extent.
       *
       * @see #setExtent(double)
       */
      public double getExtent() {
          return this.extent;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the extent and sends a {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to all
       * registered listeners.
       *
       * @param extent  the extent.
       *
       * @see #getExtent()
       */
      public void setExtent(double extent) {
          this.extent = extent;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the radius (as a percentage of the maximum space available) of
       * the outer limit of the tick marks.
       *
       * @return The tick radius.
       *
       * @see #setTickRadius(double)
       */
      public double getTickRadius() {
          return this.tickRadius;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the tick radius and sends a {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to all
       * registered listeners.
       *
       * @param radius  the radius.
       *
       * @see #getTickRadius()
       */
      public void setTickRadius(double radius) {
          if (radius <= 0.0) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                      "The 'radius' must be positive.");
          }
          this.tickRadius = radius;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the increment (in data units) between major tick labels.
       *
       * @return The increment between major tick labels.
       *
       * @see #setMajorTickIncrement(double)
       */
      public double getMajorTickIncrement() {
          return this.majorTickIncrement;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the increment (in data units) between major tick labels and sends a
       * {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to all registered listeners.
       *
       * @param increment  the increment (must be > 0).
       *
       * @see #getMajorTickIncrement()
       */
      public void setMajorTickIncrement(double increment) {
          if (increment <= 0.0) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                      "The 'increment' must be positive.");
          }
          this.majorTickIncrement = increment;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the length factor for the major tick marks.  The value is
       * subtracted from the tick radius to determine the inner starting point
       * for the tick marks.
       *
       * @return The length factor.
       *
       * @see #setMajorTickLength(double)
       */
      public double getMajorTickLength() {
          return this.majorTickLength;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the length factor for the major tick marks and sends a
       * {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to all registered listeners.
       *
       * @param length  the length.
       *
       * @see #getMajorTickLength()
       */
      public void setMajorTickLength(double length) {
          if (length < 0.0) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException("Negative 'length' argument.");
          }
          this.majorTickLength = length;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the major tick paint.
       *
       * @return The major tick paint (never <code>null</code>).
       *
       * @see #setMajorTickPaint(Paint)
       */
      public Paint getMajorTickPaint() {
          return this.majorTickPaint;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the major tick paint and sends a {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to
       * all registered listeners.
       *
       * @param paint  the paint (<code>null</code> not permitted).
       *
       * @see #getMajorTickPaint()
       */
      public void setMajorTickPaint(Paint paint) {
          if (paint == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException("Null 'paint' argument.");
          }
          this.majorTickPaint = paint;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the stroke used to draw the major tick marks.
       *
       * @return The stroke (never <code>null</code>).
       *
       * @see #setMajorTickStroke(Stroke)
       */
      public Stroke getMajorTickStroke() {
          return this.majorTickStroke;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the stroke used to draw the major tick marks and sends a
       * {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to all registered listeners.
       *
       * @param stroke  the stroke (<code>null</code> not permitted).
       *
       * @see #getMajorTickStroke()
       */
      public void setMajorTickStroke(Stroke stroke) {
          if (stroke == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException("Null 'stroke' argument.");
          }
          this.majorTickStroke = stroke;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the number of minor tick marks between major tick marks.
       *
       * @return The number of minor tick marks between major tick marks.
       *
       * @see #setMinorTickCount(int)
       */
      public int getMinorTickCount() {
          return this.minorTickCount;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the number of minor tick marks between major tick marks and sends
       * a {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to all registered listeners.
       *
       * @param count  the count.
       *
       * @see #getMinorTickCount()
       */
      public void setMinorTickCount(int count) {
          if (count < 0) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                      "The 'count' cannot be negative.");
          }
          this.minorTickCount = count;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the length factor for the minor tick marks.  The value is
       * subtracted from the tick radius to determine the inner starting point
       * for the tick marks.
       *
       * @return The length factor.
       *
       * @see #setMinorTickLength(double)
       */
      public double getMinorTickLength() {
          return this.minorTickLength;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the length factor for the minor tick marks and sends
       * a {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to all registered listeners.
       *
       * @param length  the length.
       *
       * @see #getMinorTickLength()
       */
      public void setMinorTickLength(double length) {
          if (length < 0.0) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException("Negative 'length' argument.");
          }
          this.minorTickLength = length;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the paint used to draw the minor tick marks.
       *
       * @return The paint (never <code>null</code>).
       *
       * @see #setMinorTickPaint(Paint)
       */
      public Paint getMinorTickPaint() {
          return this.minorTickPaint;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the paint used to draw the minor tick marks and sends a
       * {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to all registered listeners.
       *
       * @param paint  the paint (<code>null</code> not permitted).
       *
       * @see #getMinorTickPaint()
       */
      public void setMinorTickPaint(Paint paint) {
          if (paint == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException("Null 'paint' argument.");
          }
          this.minorTickPaint = paint;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the stroke used to draw the minor tick marks.
       *
       * @return The paint (never <code>null</code>).
       *
       * @see #setMinorTickStroke(Stroke)
       *
       * @since 1.0.8
       */
      public Stroke getMinorTickStroke() {
          return this.minorTickStroke;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the stroke used to draw the minor tick marks and sends a
       * {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to all registered listeners.
       *
       * @param stroke  the stroke (<code>null</code> not permitted).
       *
       * @see #getMinorTickStroke()
       *
       * @since 1.0.8
       */
      public void setMinorTickStroke(Stroke stroke) {
          if (stroke == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException("Null 'stroke' argument.");
          }
          this.minorTickStroke = stroke;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the tick label offset.
       *
       * @return The tick label offset.
       *
       * @see #setTickLabelOffset(double)
       */
      public double getTickLabelOffset() {
          return this.tickLabelOffset;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the tick label offset and sends a {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to
       * all registered listeners.
       *
       * @param offset  the offset.
       *
       * @see #getTickLabelOffset()
       */
      public void setTickLabelOffset(double offset) {
          this.tickLabelOffset = offset;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the font used to draw the tick labels.
       *
       * @return The font (never <code>null</code>).
       *
       * @see #setTickLabelFont(Font)
       */
      public Font getTickLabelFont() {
          return this.tickLabelFont;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the font used to display the tick labels and sends a
       * {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to all registered listeners.
       *
       * @param font  the font (<code>null</code> not permitted).
       *
       * @see #getTickLabelFont()
       */
      public void setTickLabelFont(Font font) {
          if (font == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException("Null 'font' argument.");
          }
          this.tickLabelFont = font;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the paint used to draw the tick labels.
       *
       * @return The paint (<code>null</code> not permitted).
       *
       * @see #setTickLabelPaint(Paint)
       */
      public Paint getTickLabelPaint() {
          return this.tickLabelPaint;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the paint used to draw the tick labels and sends a
       * {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to all registered listeners.
       *
       * @param paint  the paint (<code>null</code> not permitted).
       */
      public void setTickLabelPaint(Paint paint) {
          if (paint == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException("Null 'paint' argument.");
          }
          this.tickLabelPaint = paint;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns <code>true</code> if the tick labels should be displayed,
       * and <code>false</code> otherwise.
       *
       * @return A boolean.
       *
       * @see #setTickLabelsVisible(boolean)
       */
      public boolean getTickLabelsVisible() {
          return this.tickLabelsVisible;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the flag that controls whether or not the tick labels are
       * displayed, and sends a {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to all registered
       * listeners.
       *
       * @param visible  the new flag value.
       *
       * @see #getTickLabelsVisible()
       */
      public void setTickLabelsVisible(boolean visible) {
          this.tickLabelsVisible = visible;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the number formatter used to convert the tick label values to
       * strings.
       *
       * @return The formatter (never <code>null</code>).
       *
       * @see #setTickLabelFormatter(NumberFormat)
       */
      public NumberFormat getTickLabelFormatter() {
          return this.tickLabelFormatter;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the number formatter used to convert the tick label values to
       * strings, and sends a {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to all registered
       * listeners.
       *
       * @param formatter  the formatter (<code>null</code> not permitted).
       *
       * @see #getTickLabelFormatter()
       */
      public void setTickLabelFormatter(NumberFormat formatter) {
          if (formatter == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException("Null 'formatter' argument.");
          }
          this.tickLabelFormatter = formatter;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns a flag that controls whether or not the first tick label is
       * visible.
       *
       * @return A boolean.
       *
       * @see #setFirstTickLabelVisible(boolean)
       */
      public boolean getFirstTickLabelVisible() {
          return this.firstTickLabelVisible;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets a flag that controls whether or not the first tick label is
       * visible, and sends a {@link DialLayerChangeEvent} to all registered
       * listeners.
       *
       * @param visible  the new flag value.
       *
       * @see #getFirstTickLabelVisible()
       */
      public void setFirstTickLabelVisible(boolean visible) {
          this.firstTickLabelVisible = visible;
          notifyListeners(new DialLayerChangeEvent(this));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns <code>true</code> to indicate that this layer should be
       * clipped within the dial window.
       *
       * @return <code>true</code>.
       */
      @Override
      public boolean isClippedToWindow() {
          return true;
      }
  
      /**
       * Draws the scale on the dial plot.
       *
       * @param g2  the graphics target (<code>null</code> not permitted).
       * @param plot  the dial plot (<code>null</code> not permitted).
       * @param frame  the reference frame that is used to construct the
       *     geometry of the plot (<code>null</code> not permitted).
       * @param view  the visible part of the plot (<code>null</code> not
       *     permitted).
       */
      @Override
      public void draw(Graphics2D g2, DialPlot plot, Rectangle2D frame,
              Rectangle2D view) {
  
          Rectangle2D arcRect = DialPlot.rectangleByRadius(frame,
                  this.tickRadius, this.tickRadius);
          Rectangle2D arcRectMajor = DialPlot.rectangleByRadius(frame,
                  this.tickRadius - this.majorTickLength,
                  this.tickRadius - this.majorTickLength);
          Rectangle2D arcRectMinor = arcRect;
          if (this.minorTickCount > 0 && this.minorTickLength > 0.0) {
              arcRectMinor = DialPlot.rectangleByRadius(frame,
                      this.tickRadius - this.minorTickLength,
                      this.tickRadius - this.minorTickLength);
          }
          Rectangle2D arcRectForLabels = DialPlot.rectangleByRadius(frame,
                  this.tickRadius - this.tickLabelOffset,
                  this.tickRadius - this.tickLabelOffset);
  
          boolean firstLabel = true;
  
          Arc2D arc = new Arc2D.Double();
          Line2D workingLine = new Line2D.Double();
          for (double v = this.lowerBound; v <= this.upperBound;
                  v += this.majorTickIncrement) {
              arc.setArc(arcRect, this.startAngle, valueToAngle(v)
                      - this.startAngle, Arc2D.OPEN);
              Point2D pt0 = arc.getEndPoint();
              arc.setArc(arcRectMajor, this.startAngle, valueToAngle(v)
                      - this.startAngle, Arc2D.OPEN);
              Point2D pt1 = arc.getEndPoint();
              g2.setPaint(this.majorTickPaint);
              g2.setStroke(this.majorTickStroke);
              workingLine.setLine(pt0, pt1);
              g2.draw(workingLine);
              arc.setArc(arcRectForLabels, this.startAngle, valueToAngle(v)
                      - this.startAngle, Arc2D.OPEN);
              Point2D pt2 = arc.getEndPoint();
  
              if (this.tickLabelsVisible) {
                  if (!firstLabel || this.firstTickLabelVisible) {
                      g2.setFont(this.tickLabelFont);
                      g2.setPaint(this.tickLabelPaint);
                      TextUtilities.drawAlignedString(
                              this.tickLabelFormatter.format(v), g2,
                              (float) pt2.getX(), (float) pt2.getY(),
                              TextAnchor.CENTER);
                  }
              }
              firstLabel = false;
  
              // now do the minor tick marks
              if (this.minorTickCount > 0 && this.minorTickLength > 0.0) {
                  double minorTickIncrement = this.majorTickIncrement
                          / (this.minorTickCount + 1);
                  for (int i = 0; i < this.minorTickCount; i++) {
                      double vv = v + ((i + 1) * minorTickIncrement);
                      if (vv >= this.upperBound) {
                          break;
                      }
                      double angle = valueToAngle(vv);
  
                      arc.setArc(arcRect, this.startAngle, angle
                              - this.startAngle, Arc2D.OPEN);
                      pt0 = arc.getEndPoint();
                      arc.setArc(arcRectMinor, this.startAngle, angle
                              - this.startAngle, Arc2D.OPEN);
                      Point2D pt3 = arc.getEndPoint();
                      g2.setStroke(this.minorTickStroke);
                      g2.setPaint(this.minorTickPaint);
                      workingLine.setLine(pt0, pt3);
                      g2.draw(workingLine);
                  }
              }
  
          }
      }
  
      /**
       * Converts a data value to an angle against this scale.
       *
       * @param value  the data value.
       *
       * @return The angle (in degrees, using the same specification as Java's
       *     Arc2D class).
       *
       * @see #angleToValue(double)
       */
      @Override
      public double valueToAngle(double value) {
          double range = this.upperBound - this.lowerBound;
          double unit = this.extent / range;
          return this.startAngle + unit * (value - this.lowerBound);
      }
  
      /**
       * Converts the given angle to a data value, based on this scale.
       *
       * @param angle  the angle (in degrees).
       *
       * @return The data value.
       *
       * @see #valueToAngle(double)
       */
      @Override
      public double angleToValue(double angle) {
          double range = this.upperBound - this.lowerBound;
          double unit = range / this.extent;
          return (angle - this.startAngle) * unit;
      }
  
      /**
       * Tests this <code>StandardDialScale</code> for equality with an arbitrary
       * object.
       *
       * @param obj  the object (<code>null</code> permitted).
       *
       * @return A boolean.
       */
      @Override
      public boolean equals(Object obj) {
          if (obj == this) {
              return true;
          }
          if (!(obj instanceof StandardDialScale)) {
              return false;
          }
          StandardDialScale that = (StandardDialScale) obj;
          if (this.lowerBound != that.lowerBound) {
              return false;
          }
          if (this.upperBound != that.upperBound) {
              return false;
          }
          if (this.startAngle != that.startAngle) {
              return false;
          }
          if (this.extent != that.extent) {
              return false;
          }
          if (this.tickRadius != that.tickRadius) {
              return false;
          }
          if (this.majorTickIncrement != that.majorTickIncrement) {
              return false;
          }
          if (this.majorTickLength != that.majorTickLength) {
              return false;
          }
          if (!PaintUtilities.equal(this.majorTickPaint, that.majorTickPaint)) {
              return false;
          }
          if (!this.majorTickStroke.equals(that.majorTickStroke)) {
              return false;
          }
          if (this.minorTickCount != that.minorTickCount) {
              return false;
          }
          if (this.minorTickLength != that.minorTickLength) {
              return false;
          }
          if (!PaintUtilities.equal(this.minorTickPaint, that.minorTickPaint)) {
              return false;
          }
          if (!this.minorTickStroke.equals(that.minorTickStroke)) {
              return false;
          }
          if (this.tickLabelsVisible != that.tickLabelsVisible) {
              return false;
          }
          if (this.tickLabelOffset != that.tickLabelOffset) {
              return false;
          }
          if (!this.tickLabelFont.equals(that.tickLabelFont)) {
              return false;
          }
          if (!PaintUtilities.equal(this.tickLabelPaint, that.tickLabelPaint)) {
              return false;
          }
          return super.equals(obj);
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns a hash code for this instance.
       *
       * @return A hash code.
       */
      @Override
      public int hashCode() {
          int result = 193;
          // lowerBound
          long temp = Double.doubleToLongBits(this.lowerBound);
          result = 37 * result + (int) (temp ^ (temp >>> 32));
          // upperBound
          temp = Double.doubleToLongBits(this.upperBound);
          result = 37 * result + (int) (temp ^ (temp >>> 32));
          // startAngle
          temp = Double.doubleToLongBits(this.startAngle);
          result = 37 * result + (int) (temp ^ (temp >>> 32));
          // extent
          temp = Double.doubleToLongBits(this.extent);
          result = 37 * result + (int) (temp ^ (temp >>> 32));
          // tickRadius
          temp = Double.doubleToLongBits(this.tickRadius);
          result = 37 * result + (int) (temp ^ (temp >>> 32));
          // majorTickIncrement
          // majorTickLength
          // majorTickPaint
          // majorTickStroke
          // minorTickCount
          // minorTickLength
          // minorTickPaint
          // minorTickStroke
          // tickLabelOffset
          // tickLabelFont
          // tickLabelsVisible
          // tickLabelFormatter
          // firstTickLabelsVisible
          return result;
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns a clone of this instance.
       *
       * @return A clone.
       *
       * @throws CloneNotSupportedException if this instance is not cloneable.
       */
      @Override
      public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
          return super.clone();
      }
  
      /**
       * Provides serialization support.
       *
       * @param stream  the output stream.
       *
       * @throws IOException  if there is an I/O error.
       */
      private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream stream) throws IOException {
          stream.defaultWriteObject();
          SerialUtilities.writePaint(this.majorTickPaint, stream);
          SerialUtilities.writeStroke(this.majorTickStroke, stream);
          SerialUtilities.writePaint(this.minorTickPaint, stream);
          SerialUtilities.writeStroke(this.minorTickStroke, stream);
          SerialUtilities.writePaint(this.tickLabelPaint, stream);
      }
  
      /**
       * Provides serialization support.
       *
       * @param stream  the input stream.
       *
       * @throws IOException  if there is an I/O error.
       * @throws ClassNotFoundException  if there is a classpath problem.
       */
      private void readObject(ObjectInputStream stream)
              throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
          stream.defaultReadObject();
          this.majorTickPaint = SerialUtilities.readPaint(stream);
          this.majorTickStroke = SerialUtilities.readStroke(stream);
          this.minorTickPaint = SerialUtilities.readPaint(stream);
          this.minorTickStroke = SerialUtilities.readStroke(stream);
          this.tickLabelPaint = SerialUtilities.readPaint(stream);
      }
  
  }
  