content: package com.alibaba.fastjson2.schema;
  
  import java.net.IDN;
  import java.util.Arrays;
  import java.util.Locale;
  import java.util.regex.Matcher;
  import java.util.regex.Pattern;
  
  class DomainValidator {
      /**
       * RegexValidator for matching domains.
       */
      static final Pattern domainRegex = Pattern.compile(
              "^(?:\\p{Alnum}(?>[\\p{Alnum}-]{0,61}\\p{Alnum})?\\.)+(\\p{Alpha}(?>[\\p{Alnum}-]{0,61}\\p{Alnum})?)\\.?$"
      );
  
      /**
       * Returns true if the specified <code>String</code> parses
       * as a valid domain name with a recognized top-level domain.
       * The parsing is case-insensitive.
       * @param domain the parameter to check for domain name syntax
       * @return true if the parameter is a valid domain name
       */
      public static boolean isValid(String domain) {
          if (domain == null) {
              return false;
          }
          domain = unicodeToASCII(domain);
          // hosts must be equally reachable via punycode and Unicode;
          // Unicode is never shorter than punycode, so check punycode
          // if domain did not convert, then it will be caught by ASCII
          // checks in the regexes below
          if (domain.length() > 253) {
              return false;
          }
  
          Matcher matcher = domainRegex.matcher(domain);
          if (matcher.matches()) {
              int count = matcher.groupCount();
              String[] groups = new String[count];
              for (int j = 0; j < count; j++) {
                  groups[j] = matcher.group(j + 1);
              }
              return isValidTld(groups[0]);
          }
  
          return false;
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns true if the specified <code>String</code> matches any
       * IANA-defined top-level domain. Leading dots are ignored if present.
       * The search is case-insensitive.
       * @param tld the parameter to check for TLD status, not null
       * @return true if the parameter is a TLD
       */
      public static boolean isValidTld(String tld) {
          tld = unicodeToASCII(tld);
          String key = unicodeToASCII(tld).toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
          if (key.startsWith(".")) {
              key = key.substring(1);
          }
          return Arrays.binarySearch(INFRASTRUCTURE_TLDS, key) >= 0
                  || Arrays.binarySearch(GENERIC_TLDS, key) >= 0
                  || Arrays.binarySearch(COUNTRY_CODE_TLDS, key) >= 0;
      }
  
      /**
       * Converts potentially Unicode input to punycode.
       * If conversion fails, returns the original input.
       *
       * @param input the string to convert, not null
       * @return converted input, or original input if conversion fails
       */
      // Needed by UrlValidator
      static String unicodeToASCII(String input) {
          boolean ascii = true;
          for (int i = 0; i < input.length(); i++) {
              if (input.charAt(i) > 0x7F) {
                  ascii = false;
                  break;
              }
          }
  
          if (ascii) { // skip possibly expensive processing
              return input;
          }
          return IDN.toASCII(input);
      }
  
      // ---------------------------------------------
      // ----- TLDs defined by IANA
      // ----- Authoritative and comprehensive list at:
      // ----- http://data.iana.org/TLD/tlds-alpha-by-domain.txt
  
      // Note that the above list is in UPPER case.
      // The code currently converts strings to lower case (as per the tables below)
  
      // IANA also provide an HTML list at http://www.iana.org/domains/root/db
      // Note that this contains several country code entries which are NOT in
      // the text file. These all have the "Not assigned" in the "Sponsoring Organisation" column
      // For example (as of 2015-01-02):
      // .bl  country-code    Not assigned
      // .um  country-code    Not assigned
  
      // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search
      private static final String[] INFRASTRUCTURE_TLDS = new String[] {
              "arpa",               // internet infrastructure
      };
  
      // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search
      private static final String[] GENERIC_TLDS = new String[] {
              // Taken from Version 2015082801, Last Updated Sat Aug 29 07:07:01 2015 UTC
              "aaa", // aaa American Automobile Association, Inc.
              "aarp", // aarp AARP
              "abb", // abb ABB Ltd
              "abbott", // abbott Abbott Laboratories, Inc.
              "abogado", // abogado Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "academy", // academy Half Oaks, LLC
              "accenture", // accenture Accenture plc
              "accountant", // accountant dot Accountant Limited
              "accountants", // accountants Knob Town, LLC
              "aco", // aco ACO Severin Ahlmann GmbH &amp; Co. KG
              "active", // active The Active Network, Inc
              "actor", // actor United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "ads", // ads Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "adult", // adult ICM Registry AD LLC
              "aeg", // aeg Aktiebolaget Electrolux
              "aero", // aero Societe Internationale de Telecommunications Aeronautique (SITA INC USA)
              "afl", // afl Australian Football League
              "agency", // agency Steel Falls, LLC
              "aig", // aig American International Group, Inc.
              "airforce", // airforce United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "airtel", // airtel Bharti Airtel Limited
              "allfinanz", // allfinanz Allfinanz Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft
              "alsace", // alsace REGION D ALSACE
              "amica", // amica Amica Mutual Insurance Company
              "amsterdam", // amsterdam Gemeente Amsterdam
              "android", // android Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "apartments", // apartments June Maple, LLC
              "app", // app Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "apple", // apple Apple Inc.
              "aquarelle", // aquarelle Aquarelle.com
              "aramco", // aramco Aramco Services Company
              "archi", // archi STARTING DOT LIMITED
              "army", // army United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "arte", // arte Association Relative à la Télévision Européenne G.E.I.E.
              "asia", // asia DotAsia Organisation Ltd.
              "associates", // associates Baxter Hill, LLC
              "attorney", // attorney United TLD Holdco, Ltd
              "auction", // auction United TLD HoldCo, Ltd.
              "audio", // audio Uniregistry, Corp.
              "auto", // auto Uniregistry, Corp.
              "autos", // autos DERAutos, LLC
              "axa", // axa AXA SA
              "azure", // azure Microsoft Corporation
              "band", // band United TLD Holdco, Ltd
              "bank", // bank fTLD Registry Services, LLC
              "bar", // bar Punto 2012 Sociedad Anonima Promotora de Inversion de Capital Variable
              "barcelona", // barcelona Municipi de Barcelona
              "barclaycard", // barclaycard Barclays Bank PLC
              "barclays", // barclays Barclays Bank PLC
              "bargains", // bargains Half Hallow, LLC
              "bauhaus", // bauhaus Werkhaus GmbH
              "bayern", // bayern Bayern Connect GmbH
              "bbc", // bbc British Broadcasting Corporation
              "bbva", // bbva BANCO BILBAO VIZCAYA ARGENTARIA, S.A.
              "bcn", // bcn Municipi de Barcelona
              "beats", // beats Beats Electronics, LLC
              "beer", // beer Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "bentley", // bentley Bentley Motors Limited
              "berlin", // berlin dotBERLIN GmbH &amp; Co. KG
              "best", // best BestTLD Pty Ltd
              "bet", // bet Afilias plc
              "bharti", // bharti Bharti Enterprises (Holding) Private Limited
              "bible", // bible American Bible Society
              "bid", // bid dot Bid Limited
              "bike", // bike Grand Hollow, LLC
              "bing", // bing Microsoft Corporation
              "bingo", // bingo Sand Cedar, LLC
              "bio", // bio STARTING DOT LIMITED
              "biz", // biz Neustar, Inc.
              "black", // black Afilias Limited
              "blackfriday", // blackfriday Uniregistry, Corp.
              "bloomberg", // bloomberg Bloomberg IP Holdings LLC
              "blue", // blue Afilias Limited
              "bms", // bms Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
              "bmw", // bmw Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
              "bnl", // bnl Banca Nazionale del Lavoro
              "bnpparibas", // bnpparibas BNP Paribas
              "boats", // boats DERBoats, LLC
              "bom", // bom Núcleo de Informação e Coordenação do Ponto BR - NIC.br
              "bond", // bond Bond University Limited
              "boo", // boo Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "boots", // boots THE BOOTS COMPANY PLC
              "boutique", // boutique Over Galley, LLC
              "bradesco", // bradesco Banco Bradesco S.A.
              "bridgestone", // bridgestone Bridgestone Corporation
              "broker", // broker DOTBROKER REGISTRY LTD
              "brother", // brother Brother Industries, Ltd.
              "brussels", // brussels DNS.be vzw
              "budapest", // budapest Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "build", // build Plan Bee LLC
              "builders", // builders Atomic Madison, LLC
              "business", // business Spring Cross, LLC
              "buzz", // buzz DOTSTRATEGY CO.
              "bzh", // bzh Association www.bzh
              "cab", // cab Half Sunset, LLC
              "cafe", // cafe Pioneer Canyon, LLC
              "cal", // cal Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "camera", // camera Atomic Maple, LLC
              "camp", // camp Delta Dynamite, LLC
              "cancerresearch", // cancerresearch Australian Cancer Research Foundation
              "canon", // canon Canon Inc.
              "capetown", // capetown ZA Central Registry NPC trading as ZA Central Registry
              "capital", // capital Delta Mill, LLC
              "car", // car Cars Registry Limited
              "caravan", // caravan Caravan International, Inc.
              "cards", // cards Foggy Hollow, LLC
              "care", // care Goose Cross, LLC
              "career", // career dotCareer LLC
              "careers", // careers Wild Corner, LLC
              "cars", // cars Uniregistry, Corp.
              "cartier", // cartier Richemont DNS Inc.
              "casa", // casa Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "cash", // cash Delta Lake, LLC
              "casino", // casino Binky Sky, LLC
              "cat", // cat Fundacio puntCAT
              "catering", // catering New Falls. LLC
              "cba", // cba COMMONWEALTH BANK OF AUSTRALIA
              "cbn", // cbn The Christian Broadcasting Network, Inc.
              "ceb", // ceb The Corporate Executive Board Company
              "center", // center Tin Mill, LLC
              "ceo", // ceo CEOTLD Pty Ltd
              "cern", // cern European Organization for Nuclear Research (&quot;CERN&quot;)
              "cfa", // cfa CFA Institute
              "cfd", // cfd DOTCFD REGISTRY LTD
              "chanel", // chanel Chanel International B.V.
              "channel", // channel Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "chat", // chat Sand Fields, LLC
              "cheap", // cheap Sand Cover, LLC
              "chloe", // chloe Richemont DNS Inc.
              "christmas", // christmas Uniregistry, Corp.
              "chrome", // chrome Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "church", // church Holly Fileds, LLC
              "cipriani", // cipriani Hotel Cipriani Srl
              "cisco", // cisco Cisco Technology, Inc.
              "citic", // citic CITIC Group Corporation
              "city", // city Snow Sky, LLC
              "claims", // claims Black Corner, LLC
              "cleaning", // cleaning Fox Shadow, LLC
              "click", // click Uniregistry, Corp.
              "clinic", // clinic Goose Park, LLC
              "clothing", // clothing Steel Lake, LLC
              "cloud", // cloud ARUBA S.p.A.
              "club", // club .CLUB DOMAINS, LLC
              "clubmed", // clubmed Club Méditerranée S.A.
              "coach", // coach Koko Island, LLC
              "codes", // codes Puff Willow, LLC
              "coffee", // coffee Trixy Cover, LLC
              "college", // college XYZ.COM LLC
              "cologne", // cologne NetCologne Gesellschaft für Telekommunikation mbH
              "com", // com VeriSign Global Registry Services
              "commbank", // commbank COMMONWEALTH BANK OF AUSTRALIA
              "community", // community Fox Orchard, LLC
              "company", // company Silver Avenue, LLC
              "computer", // computer Pine Mill, LLC
              "condos", // condos Pine House, LLC
              "construction", // construction Fox Dynamite, LLC
              "consulting", // consulting United TLD Holdco, LTD.
              "contractors", // contractors Magic Woods, LLC
              "cooking", // cooking Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "cool", // cool Koko Lake, LLC
              "coop", // coop DotCooperation LLC
              "corsica", // corsica Collectivité Territoriale de Corse
              "country", // country Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "coupons", // coupons Black Island, LLC
              "courses", // courses OPEN UNIVERSITIES AUSTRALIA PTY LTD
              "credit", // credit Snow Shadow, LLC
              "creditcard", // creditcard Binky Frostbite, LLC
              "cricket", // cricket dot Cricket Limited
              "crown", // crown Crown Equipment Corporation
              "crs", // crs Federated Co-operatives Limited
              "cruises", // cruises Spring Way, LLC
              "csc", // csc Alliance-One Services, Inc.
              "cuisinella", // cuisinella SALM S.A.S.
              "cymru", // cymru Nominet UK
              "cyou", // cyou Beijing Gamease Age Digital Technology Co., Ltd.
              "dabur", // dabur Dabur India Limited
              "dad", // dad Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "dance", // dance United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "date", // date dot Date Limited
              "dating", // dating Pine Fest, LLC
              "datsun", // datsun NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD.
              "day", // day Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "dclk", // dclk Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "deals", // deals Sand Sunset, LLC
              "degree", // degree United TLD Holdco, Ltd
              "delivery", // delivery Steel Station, LLC
              "dell", // dell Dell Inc.
              "delta", // delta Delta Air Lines, Inc.
              "democrat", // democrat United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "dental", // dental Tin Birch, LLC
              "dentist", // dentist United TLD Holdco, Ltd
              "desi", // desi Desi Networks LLC
              "design", // design Top Level Design, LLC
              "dev", // dev Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "diamonds", // diamonds John Edge, LLC
              "diet", // diet Uniregistry, Corp.
              "digital", // digital Dash Park, LLC
              "direct", // direct Half Trail, LLC
              "directory", // directory Extra Madison, LLC
              "discount", // discount Holly Hill, LLC
              "dnp", // dnp Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd.
              "docs", // docs Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "dog", // dog Koko Mill, LLC
              "doha", // doha Communications Regulatory Authority (CRA)
              "domains", // domains Sugar Cross, LLC
              "doosan", // doosan Doosan Corporation
              "download", // download dot Support Limited
              "drive", // drive Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "durban", // durban ZA Central Registry NPC trading as ZA Central Registry
              "dvag", // dvag Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft DVAG
              "earth", // earth Interlink Co., Ltd.
              "eat", // eat Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "edu", // edu EDUCAUSE
              "education", // education Brice Way, LLC
              "email", // email Spring Madison, LLC
              "emerck", // emerck Merck KGaA
              "energy", // energy Binky Birch, LLC
              "engineer", // engineer United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "engineering", // engineering Romeo Canyon
              "enterprises", // enterprises Snow Oaks, LLC
              "epson", // epson Seiko Epson Corporation
              "equipment", // equipment Corn Station, LLC
              "erni", // erni ERNI Group Holding AG
              "esq", // esq Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "estate", // estate Trixy Park, LLC
              "eurovision", // eurovision European Broadcasting Union (EBU)
              "eus", // eus Puntueus Fundazioa
              "events", // events Pioneer Maple, LLC
              "everbank", // everbank EverBank
              "exchange", // exchange Spring Falls, LLC
              "expert", // expert Magic Pass, LLC
              "exposed", // exposed Victor Beach, LLC
              "express", // express Sea Sunset, LLC
              "fage", // fage Fage International S.A.
              "fail", // fail Atomic Pipe, LLC
              "faith", // faith dot Faith Limited
              "family", // family United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "fan", // fan Asiamix Digital Ltd
              "fans", // fans Asiamix Digital Limited
              "farm", // farm Just Maple, LLC
              "fashion", // fashion Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "feedback", // feedback Top Level Spectrum, Inc.
              "ferrero", // ferrero Ferrero Trading Lux S.A.
              "film", // film Motion Picture Domain Registry Pty Ltd
              "final", // final Núcleo de Informação e Coordenação do Ponto BR - NIC.br
              "finance", // finance Cotton Cypress, LLC
              "financial", // financial Just Cover, LLC
              "firmdale", // firmdale Firmdale Holdings Limited
              "fish", // fish Fox Woods, LLC
              "fishing", // fishing Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "fit", // fit Minds + Machines Group Limited
              "fitness", // fitness Brice Orchard, LLC
              "flights", // flights Fox Station, LLC
              "florist", // florist Half Cypress, LLC
              "flowers", // flowers Uniregistry, Corp.
              "flsmidth", // flsmidth FLSmidth A/S
              "fly", // fly Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "foo", // foo Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "football", // football Foggy Farms, LLC
              "forex", // forex DOTFOREX REGISTRY LTD
              "forsale", // forsale United TLD Holdco, LLC
              "forum", // forum Fegistry, LLC
              "foundation", // foundation John Dale, LLC
              "frl", // frl FRLregistry B.V.
              "frogans", // frogans OP3FT
              "fund", // fund John Castle, LLC
              "furniture", // furniture Lone Fields, LLC
              "futbol", // futbol United TLD Holdco, Ltd.
              "fyi", // fyi Silver Tigers, LLC
              "gal", // gal Asociación puntoGAL
              "gallery", // gallery Sugar House, LLC
              "game", // game Uniregistry, Corp.
              "garden", // garden Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "gbiz", // gbiz Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "gdn", // gdn Joint Stock Company "Navigation-information systems"
              "gea", // gea GEA Group Aktiengesellschaft
              "gent", // gent COMBELL GROUP NV/SA
              "genting", // genting Resorts World Inc. Pte. Ltd.
              "ggee", // ggee GMO Internet, Inc.
              "gift", // gift Uniregistry, Corp.
              "gifts", // gifts Goose Sky, LLC
              "gives", // gives United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "giving", // giving Giving Limited
              "glass", // glass Black Cover, LLC
              "gle", // gle Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "global", // global Dot Global Domain Registry Limited
              "globo", // globo Globo Comunicação e Participações S.A
              "gmail", // gmail Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "gmo", // gmo GMO Internet, Inc.
              "gmx", // gmx 1&amp;1 Mail &amp; Media GmbH
              "gold", // gold June Edge, LLC
              "goldpoint", // goldpoint YODOBASHI CAMERA CO.,LTD.
              "golf", // golf Lone Falls, LLC
              "goo", // goo NTT Resonant Inc.
              "goog", // goog Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "google", // google Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "gop", // gop Republican State Leadership Committee, Inc.
              "gov", // gov General Services Administration Attn: QTDC, 2E08 (.gov Domain Registration)
              "graphics", // graphics Over Madison, LLC
              "gratis", // gratis Pioneer Tigers, LLC
              "green", // green Afilias Limited
              "gripe", // gripe Corn Sunset, LLC
              "group", // group Romeo Town, LLC
              "gucci", // gucci Guccio Gucci S.p.a.
              "guge", // guge Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "guide", // guide Snow Moon, LLC
              "guitars", // guitars Uniregistry, Corp.
              "guru", // guru Pioneer Cypress, LLC
              "hamburg", // hamburg Hamburg Top-Level-Domain GmbH
              "hangout", // hangout Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "haus", // haus United TLD Holdco, LTD.
              "healthcare", // healthcare Silver Glen, LLC
              "help", // help Uniregistry, Corp.
              "here", // here Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "hermes", // hermes Hermes International
              "hiphop", // hiphop Uniregistry, Corp.
              "hitachi", // hitachi Hitachi, Ltd.
              "hiv", // hiv dotHIV gemeinnuetziger e.V.
              "hockey", // hockey Half Willow, LLC
              "holdings", // holdings John Madison, LLC
              "holiday", // holiday Goose Woods, LLC
              "homedepot", // homedepot Homer TLC, Inc.
              "homes", // homes DERHomes, LLC
              "honda", // honda Honda Motor Co., Ltd.
              "horse", // horse Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "host", // host DotHost Inc.
              "hosting", // hosting Uniregistry, Corp.
              "hoteles", // hoteles Travel Reservations SRL
              "hotmail", // hotmail Microsoft Corporation
              "house", // house Sugar Park, LLC
              "how", // how Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "hsbc", // hsbc HSBC Holdings PLC
              "hyundai", // hyundai Hyundai Motor Company
              "ibm", // ibm International Business Machines Corporation
              "icbc", // icbc Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited
              "ice", // ice IntercontinentalExchange, Inc.
              "icu", // icu One.com A/S
              "ifm", // ifm ifm electronic gmbh
              "iinet", // iinet Connect West Pty. Ltd.
              "immo", // immo Auburn Bloom, LLC
              "immobilien", // immobilien United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "industries", // industries Outer House, LLC
              "infiniti", // infiniti NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD.
              "info", // info Afilias Limited
              "ing", // ing Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "ink", // ink Top Level Design, LLC
              "institute", // institute Outer Maple, LLC
              "insure", // insure Pioneer Willow, LLC
              "int", // int Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
              "international", // international Wild Way, LLC
              "investments", // investments Holly Glen, LLC
              "ipiranga", // ipiranga Ipiranga Produtos de Petroleo S.A.
              "irish", // irish Dot-Irish LLC
              "ist", // ist Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality
              "istanbul", // istanbul Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality / Medya A.S.
              "itau", // itau Itau Unibanco Holding S.A.
              "iwc", // iwc Richemont DNS Inc.
              "jaguar", // jaguar Jaguar Land Rover Ltd
              "java", // java Oracle Corporation
              "jcb", // jcb JCB Co., Ltd.
              "jetzt", // jetzt New TLD Company AB
              "jewelry", // jewelry Wild Bloom, LLC
              "jlc", // jlc Richemont DNS Inc.
              "jll", // jll Jones Lang LaSalle Incorporated
              "jobs", // jobs Employ Media LLC
              "joburg", // joburg ZA Central Registry NPC trading as ZA Central Registry
              "jprs", // jprs Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd.
              "juegos", // juegos Uniregistry, Corp.
              "kaufen", // kaufen United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "kddi", // kddi KDDI CORPORATION
              "kia", // kia KIA MOTORS CORPORATION
              "kim", // kim Afilias Limited
              "kinder", // kinder Ferrero Trading Lux S.A.
              "kitchen", // kitchen Just Goodbye, LLC
              "kiwi", // kiwi DOT KIWI LIMITED
              "koeln", // koeln NetCologne Gesellschaft für Telekommunikation mbH
              "komatsu", // komatsu Komatsu Ltd.
              "krd", // krd KRG Department of Information Technology
              "kred", // kred KredTLD Pty Ltd
              "kyoto", // kyoto Academic Institution: Kyoto Jyoho Gakuen
              "lacaixa", // lacaixa CAIXA D&#39;ESTALVIS I PENSIONS DE BARCELONA
              "lancaster", // lancaster LANCASTER
              "land", // land Pine Moon, LLC
              "landrover", // landrover Jaguar Land Rover Ltd
              "lasalle", // lasalle Jones Lang LaSalle Incorporated
              "lat", // lat ECOM-LAC Federación de Latinoamérica y el Caribe para Internet y el Comercio Electrónico
              "latrobe", // latrobe La Trobe University
              "law", // law Minds + Machines Group Limited
              "lawyer", // lawyer United TLD Holdco, Ltd
              "lds", // lds IRI Domain Management, LLC
              "lease", // lease Victor Trail, LLC
              "leclerc", // leclerc A.C.D. LEC Association des Centres Distributeurs Edouard Leclerc
              "legal", // legal Blue Falls, LLC
              "lexus", // lexus TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
              "lgbt", // lgbt Afilias Limited
              "liaison", // liaison Liaison Technologies, Incorporated
              "lidl", // lidl Schwarz Domains und Services GmbH &amp; Co. KG
              "life", // life Trixy Oaks, LLC
              "lighting", // lighting John McCook, LLC
              "limited", // limited Big Fest, LLC
              "limo", // limo Hidden Frostbite, LLC
              "linde", // linde Linde Aktiengesellschaft
              "link", // link Uniregistry, Corp.
              "live", // live United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "lixil", // lixil LIXIL Group Corporation
              "loan", // loan dot Loan Limited
              "loans", // loans June Woods, LLC
              "lol", // lol Uniregistry, Corp.
              "london", // london Dot London Domains Limited
              "lotte", // lotte Lotte Holdings Co., Ltd.
              "lotto", // lotto Afilias Limited
              "love", // love Merchant Law Group LLP
              "ltd", // ltd Over Corner, LLC
              "ltda", // ltda InterNetX Corp.
              "lupin", // lupin LUPIN LIMITED
              "luxe", // luxe Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "luxury", // luxury Luxury Partners LLC
              "madrid", // madrid Comunidad de Madrid
              "maif", // maif Mutuelle Assurance Instituteur France (MAIF)
              "maison", // maison Victor Frostbite, LLC
              "man", // man MAN SE
              "management", // management John Goodbye, LLC
              "mango", // mango PUNTO FA S.L.
              "market", // market Unitied TLD Holdco, Ltd
              "marketing", // marketing Fern Pass, LLC
              "markets", // markets DOTMARKETS REGISTRY LTD
              "marriott", // marriott Marriott Worldwide Corporation
              "mba", // mba Lone Hollow, LLC
              "media", // media Grand Glen, LLC
              "meet", // meet Afilias Limited
              "melbourne", // melbourne The Crown in right of the State of Victoria, represented by its Department of State Development, Business and Innovation
              "meme", // meme Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "memorial", // memorial Dog Beach, LLC
              "men", // men Exclusive Registry Limited
              "menu", // menu Wedding TLD2, LLC
              "meo", // meo PT Comunicacoes S.A.
              "miami", // miami Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "microsoft", // microsoft Microsoft Corporation
              "mil", // mil DoD Network Information Center
              "mini", // mini Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
              "mma", // mma MMA IARD
              "mobi", // mobi Afilias Technologies Limited dba dotMobi
              "moda", // moda United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "moe", // moe Interlink Co., Ltd.
              "moi", // moi Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
              "mom", // mom Uniregistry, Corp.
              "monash", // monash Monash University
              "money", // money Outer McCook, LLC
              "montblanc", // montblanc Richemont DNS Inc.
              "mormon", // mormon IRI Domain Management, LLC (&quot;Applicant&quot;)
              "mortgage", // mortgage United TLD Holdco, Ltd
              "moscow", // moscow Foundation for Assistance for Internet Technologies and Infrastructure Development (FAITID)
              "motorcycles", // motorcycles DERMotorcycles, LLC
              "mov", // mov Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "movie", // movie New Frostbite, LLC
              "movistar", // movistar Telefónica S.A.
              "mtn", // mtn MTN Dubai Limited
              "mtpc", // mtpc Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation
              "mtr", // mtr MTR Corporation Limited
              "museum", // museum Museum Domain Management Association
              "mutuelle", // mutuelle Fédération Nationale de la Mutualité Française
              "nadex", // nadex Nadex Domains, Inc
              "nagoya", // nagoya GMO Registry, Inc.
              "name", // name VeriSign Information Services, Inc.
              "navy", // navy United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "nec", // nec NEC Corporation
              "net", // net VeriSign Global Registry Services
              "netbank", // netbank COMMONWEALTH BANK OF AUSTRALIA
              "network", // network Trixy Manor, LLC
              "neustar", // neustar NeuStar, Inc.
              "new", // new Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "news", // news United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "nexus", // nexus Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "ngo", // ngo Public Interest Registry
              "nhk", // nhk Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK)
              "nico", // nico DWANGO Co., Ltd.
              "ninja", // ninja United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "nissan", // nissan NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD.
              "nokia", // nokia Nokia Corporation
              "nra", // nra NRA Holdings Company, INC.
              "nrw", // nrw Minds + Machines GmbH
              "ntt", // ntt NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE CORPORATION
              "nyc", // nyc The City of New York by and through the New York City Department of Information Technology &amp; Telecommunications
              "obi", // obi OBI Group Holding SE &amp; Co. KGaA
              "office", // office Microsoft Corporation
              "okinawa", // okinawa BusinessRalliart inc.
              "omega", // omega The Swatch Group Ltd
              "one", // one One.com A/S
              "ong", // ong Public Interest Registry
              "onl", // onl I-REGISTRY Ltd., Niederlassung Deutschland
              "online", // online DotOnline Inc.
              "ooo", // ooo INFIBEAM INCORPORATION LIMITED
              "oracle", // oracle Oracle Corporation
              "orange", // orange Orange Brand Services Limited
              "org", // org Public Interest Registry (PIR)
              "organic", // organic Afilias Limited
              "osaka", // osaka Interlink Co., Ltd.
              "otsuka", // otsuka Otsuka Holdings Co., Ltd.
              "ovh", // ovh OVH SAS
              "page", // page Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "panerai", // panerai Richemont DNS Inc.
              "paris", // paris City of Paris
              "partners", // partners Magic Glen, LLC
              "parts", // parts Sea Goodbye, LLC
              "party", // party Blue Sky Registry Limited
              "pet", // pet Afilias plc
              "pharmacy", // pharmacy National Association of Boards of Pharmacy
              "philips", // philips Koninklijke Philips N.V.
              "photo", // photo Uniregistry, Corp.
              "photography", // photography Sugar Glen, LLC
              "photos", // photos Sea Corner, LLC
              "physio", // physio PhysBiz Pty Ltd
              "piaget", // piaget Richemont DNS Inc.
              "pics", // pics Uniregistry, Corp.
              "pictet", // pictet Pictet Europe S.A.
              "pictures", // pictures Foggy Sky, LLC
              "ping", // ping Ping Registry Provider, Inc.
              "pink", // pink Afilias Limited
              "pizza", // pizza Foggy Moon, LLC
              "place", // place Snow Galley, LLC
              "play", // play Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "playstation", // playstation Sony Computer Entertainment Inc.
              "plumbing", // plumbing Spring Tigers, LLC
              "plus", // plus Sugar Mill, LLC
              "pohl", // pohl Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft DVAG
              "poker", // poker Afilias Domains No. 5 Limited
              "porn", // porn ICM Registry PN LLC
              "post", // post Universal Postal Union
              "praxi", // praxi Praxi S.p.A.
              "press", // press DotPress Inc.
              "pro", // pro Registry Services Corporation dba RegistryPro
              "prod", // prod Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "productions", // productions Magic Birch, LLC
              "prof", // prof Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "properties", // properties Big Pass, LLC
              "property", // property Uniregistry, Corp.
              "protection", // protection XYZ.COM LLC
              "pub", // pub United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "qpon", // qpon dotCOOL, Inc.
              "quebec", // quebec PointQuébec Inc
              "racing", // racing Premier Registry Limited
              "realtor", // realtor Real Estate Domains LLC
              "realty", // realty Fegistry, LLC
              "recipes", // recipes Grand Island, LLC
              "red", // red Afilias Limited
              "redstone", // redstone Redstone Haute Couture Co., Ltd.
              "rehab", // rehab United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "reise", // reise Foggy Way, LLC
              "reisen", // reisen New Cypress, LLC
              "reit", // reit National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, Inc.
              "ren", // ren Beijing Qianxiang Wangjing Technology Development Co., Ltd.
              "rent", // rent XYZ.COM LLC
              "rentals", // rentals Big Hollow,LLC
              "repair", // repair Lone Sunset, LLC
              "report", // report Binky Glen, LLC
              "republican", // republican United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "rest", // rest Punto 2012 Sociedad Anonima Promotora de Inversion de Capital Variable
              "restaurant", // restaurant Snow Avenue, LLC
              "review", // review dot Review Limited
              "reviews", // reviews United TLD Holdco, Ltd.
              "rich", // rich I-REGISTRY Ltd., Niederlassung Deutschland
              "ricoh", // ricoh Ricoh Company, Ltd.
              "rio", // rio Empresa Municipal de Informática SA - IPLANRIO
              "rip", // rip United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "rocher", // rocher Ferrero Trading Lux S.A.
              "rocks", // rocks United TLD Holdco, LTD.
              "rodeo", // rodeo Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "rsvp", // rsvp Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "ruhr", // ruhr regiodot GmbH &amp; Co. KG
              "run", // run Snow Park, LLC
              "rwe", // rwe RWE AG
              "ryukyu", // ryukyu BusinessRalliart inc.
              "saarland", // saarland dotSaarland GmbH
              "sakura", // sakura SAKURA Internet Inc.
              "sale", // sale United TLD Holdco, Ltd
              "samsung", // samsung SAMSUNG SDS CO., LTD
              "sandvik", // sandvik Sandvik AB
              "sandvikcoromant", // sandvikcoromant Sandvik AB
              "sanofi", // sanofi Sanofi
              "sap", // sap SAP AG
              "sapo", // sapo PT Comunicacoes S.A.
              "sarl", // sarl Delta Orchard, LLC
              "saxo", // saxo Saxo Bank A/S
              "sbs", // sbs SPECIAL BROADCASTING SERVICE CORPORATION
              "sca", // sca SVENSKA CELLULOSA AKTIEBOLAGET SCA (publ)
              "scb", // scb The Siam Commercial Bank Public Company Limited (&quot;SCB&quot;)
              "schmidt", // schmidt SALM S.A.S.
              "scholarships", // scholarships Scholarships.com, LLC
              "school", // school Little Galley, LLC
              "schule", // schule Outer Moon, LLC
              "schwarz", // schwarz Schwarz Domains und Services GmbH &amp; Co. KG
              "science", // science dot Science Limited
              "scor", // scor SCOR SE
              "scot", // scot Dot Scot Registry Limited
              "seat", // seat SEAT, S.A. (Sociedad Unipersonal)
              "security", // security XYZ.COM LLC
              "seek", // seek Seek Limited
              "sener", // sener Sener Ingeniería y Sistemas, S.A.
              "services", // services Fox Castle, LLC
              "seven", // seven Seven West Media Ltd
              "sew", // sew SEW-EURODRIVE GmbH &amp; Co KG
              "sex", // sex ICM Registry SX LLC
              "sexy", // sexy Uniregistry, Corp.
              "shiksha", // shiksha Afilias Limited
              "shoes", // shoes Binky Galley, LLC
              "show", // show Snow Beach, LLC
              "shriram", // shriram Shriram Capital Ltd.
              "singles", // singles Fern Madison, LLC
              "site", // site DotSite Inc.
              "ski", // ski STARTING DOT LIMITED
              "sky", // sky Sky International AG
              "skype", // skype Microsoft Corporation
              "sncf", // sncf SNCF (Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Francais)
              "soccer", // soccer Foggy Shadow, LLC
              "social", // social United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "software", // software United TLD Holdco, Ltd
              "sohu", // sohu Sohu.com Limited
              "solar", // solar Ruby Town, LLC
              "solutions", // solutions Silver Cover, LLC
              "sony", // sony Sony Corporation
              "soy", // soy Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "space", // space DotSpace Inc.
              "spiegel", // spiegel SPIEGEL-Verlag Rudolf Augstein GmbH &amp; Co. KG
              "spreadbetting", // spreadbetting DOTSPREADBETTING REGISTRY LTD
              "srl", // srl InterNetX Corp.
              "stada", // stada STADA Arzneimittel AG
              "starhub", // starhub StarHub Limited
              "statoil", // statoil Statoil ASA
              "stc", // stc Saudi Telecom Company
              "stcgroup", // stcgroup Saudi Telecom Company
              "stockholm", // stockholm Stockholms kommun
              "studio", // studio United TLD Holdco Ltd.
              "study", // study OPEN UNIVERSITIES AUSTRALIA PTY LTD
              "style", // style Binky Moon, LLC
              "sucks", // sucks Vox Populi Registry Ltd.
              "supplies", // supplies Atomic Fields, LLC
              "supply", // supply Half Falls, LLC
              "support", // support Grand Orchard, LLC
              "surf", // surf Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "surgery", // surgery Tin Avenue, LLC
              "suzuki", // suzuki SUZUKI MOTOR CORPORATION
              "swatch", // swatch The Swatch Group Ltd
              "swiss", // swiss Swiss Confederation
              "sydney", // sydney State of New South Wales, Department of Premier and Cabinet
              "systems", // systems Dash Cypress, LLC
              "taipei", // taipei Taipei City Government
              "tatamotors", // tatamotors Tata Motors Ltd
              "tatar", // tatar Limited Liability Company &quot;Coordination Center of Regional Domain of Tatarstan Republic&quot;
              "tattoo", // tattoo Uniregistry, Corp.
              "tax", // tax Storm Orchard, LLC
              "taxi", // taxi Pine Falls, LLC
              "team", // team Atomic Lake, LLC
              "tech", // tech Dot Tech LLC
              "technology", // technology Auburn Falls, LLC
              "tel", // tel Telnic Ltd.
              "telefonica", // telefonica Telefónica S.A.
              "temasek", // temasek Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited
              "tennis", // tennis Cotton Bloom, LLC
              "thd", // thd Homer TLC, Inc.
              "theater", // theater Blue Tigers, LLC
              "theatre", // theatre XYZ.COM LLC
              "tickets", // tickets Accent Media Limited
              "tienda", // tienda Victor Manor, LLC
              "tips", // tips Corn Willow, LLC
              "tires", // tires Dog Edge, LLC
              "tirol", // tirol punkt Tirol GmbH
              "today", // today Pearl Woods, LLC
              "tokyo", // tokyo GMO Registry, Inc.
              "tools", // tools Pioneer North, LLC
              "top", // top Jiangsu Bangning Science &amp; Technology Co.,Ltd.
              "toray", // toray Toray Industries, Inc.
              "toshiba", // toshiba TOSHIBA Corporation
              "tours", // tours Sugar Station, LLC
              "town", // town Koko Moon, LLC
              "toyota", // toyota TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
              "toys", // toys Pioneer Orchard, LLC
              "trade", // trade Elite Registry Limited
              "trading", // trading DOTTRADING REGISTRY LTD
              "training", // training Wild Willow, LLC
              "travel", // travel Tralliance Registry Management Company, LLC.
              "trust", // trust Artemis Internet Inc
              "tui", // tui TUI AG
              "ubs", // ubs UBS AG
              "university", // university Little Station, LLC
              "uno", // uno Dot Latin LLC
              "uol", // uol UBN INTERNET LTDA.
              "vacations", // vacations Atomic Tigers, LLC
              "vegas", // vegas Dot Vegas, Inc.
              "ventures", // ventures Binky Lake, LLC
              "versicherung", // versicherung dotversicherung-registry GmbH
              "vet", // vet United TLD Holdco, Ltd
              "viajes", // viajes Black Madison, LLC
              "video", // video United TLD Holdco, Ltd
              "villas", // villas New Sky, LLC
              "vin", // vin Holly Shadow, LLC
              "virgin", // virgin Virgin Enterprises Limited
              "vision", // vision Koko Station, LLC
              "vista", // vista Vistaprint Limited
              "vistaprint", // vistaprint Vistaprint Limited
              "viva", // viva Saudi Telecom Company
              "vlaanderen", // vlaanderen DNS.be vzw
              "vodka", // vodka Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "vote", // vote Monolith Registry LLC
              "voting", // voting Valuetainment Corp.
              "voto", // voto Monolith Registry LLC
              "voyage", // voyage Ruby House, LLC
              "wales", // wales Nominet UK
              "walter", // walter Sandvik AB
              "wang", // wang Zodiac Registry Limited
              "watch", // watch Sand Shadow, LLC
              "webcam", // webcam dot Webcam Limited
              "website", // website DotWebsite Inc.
              "wed", // wed Atgron, Inc.
              "wedding", // wedding Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "weir", // weir Weir Group IP Limited
              "whoswho", // whoswho Who&#39;s Who Registry
              "wien", // wien punkt.wien GmbH
              "wiki", // wiki Top Level Design, LLC
              "williamhill", // williamhill William Hill Organization Limited
              "win", // win First Registry Limited
              "windows", // windows Microsoft Corporation
              "wine", // wine June Station, LLC
              "wme", // wme William Morris Endeavor Entertainment, LLC
              "work", // work Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "works", // works Little Dynamite, LLC
              "world", // world Bitter Fields, LLC
              "wtc", // wtc World Trade Centers Association, Inc.
              "wtf", // wtf Hidden Way, LLC
              "xbox", // xbox Microsoft Corporation
              "xerox", // xerox Xerox DNHC LLC
              "xin", // xin Elegant Leader Limited
              "xn--11b4c3d", // कॉम VeriSign Sarl
              "xn--1qqw23a", // 佛山 Guangzhou YU Wei Information Technology Co., Ltd.
              "xn--30rr7y", // 慈善 Excellent First Limited
              "xn--3bst00m", // 集团 Eagle Horizon Limited
              "xn--3ds443g", // 在线 TLD REGISTRY LIMITED
              "xn--3pxu8k", // 点看 VeriSign Sarl
              "xn--42c2d9a", // คอม VeriSign Sarl
              "xn--45q11c", // 八卦 Zodiac Scorpio Limited
              "xn--4gbrim", // موقع Suhub Electronic Establishment
              "xn--55qw42g", // 公益 China Organizational Name Administration Center
              "xn--55qx5d", // 公司 Computer Network Information Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences （China Internet Network Information Center）
              "xn--6frz82g", // 移动 Afilias Limited
              "xn--6qq986b3xl", // 我爱你 Tycoon Treasure Limited
              "xn--80adxhks", // москва Foundation for Assistance for Internet Technologies and Infrastructure Development (FAITID)
              "xn--80asehdb", // онлайн CORE Association
              "xn--80aswg", // сайт CORE Association
              "xn--9dbq2a", // קום VeriSign Sarl
              "xn--9et52u", // 时尚 RISE VICTORY LIMITED
              "xn--b4w605ferd", // 淡马锡 Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited
              "xn--c1avg", // орг Public Interest Registry
              "xn--c2br7g", // नेट VeriSign Sarl
              "xn--cg4bki", // 삼성 SAMSUNG SDS CO., LTD
              "xn--czr694b", // 商标 HU YI GLOBAL INFORMATION RESOURCES(HOLDING) COMPANY.HONGKONG LIMITED
              "xn--czrs0t", // 商店 Wild Island, LLC
              "xn--czru2d", // 商城 Zodiac Aquarius Limited
              "xn--d1acj3b", // дети The Foundation for Network Initiatives “The Smart Internet”
              "xn--efvy88h", // 新闻 Xinhua News Agency Guangdong Branch 新华通讯社广东分社
              "xn--estv75g", // 工行 Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited
              "xn--fhbei", // كوم VeriSign Sarl
              "xn--fiq228c5hs", // 中文网 TLD REGISTRY LIMITED
              "xn--fiq64b", // 中信 CITIC Group Corporation
              "xn--fjq720a", // 娱乐 Will Bloom, LLC
              "xn--flw351e", // 谷歌 Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "xn--hxt814e", // 网店 Zodiac Libra Limited
              "xn--i1b6b1a6a2e", // संगठन Public Interest Registry
              "xn--imr513n", // 餐厅 HU YI GLOBAL INFORMATION RESOURCES (HOLDING) COMPANY. HONGKONG LIMITED
              "xn--io0a7i", // 网络 Computer Network Information Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences （China Internet Network Information Center）
              "xn--j1aef", // ком VeriSign Sarl
              "xn--kcrx77d1x4a", // 飞利浦 Koninklijke Philips N.V.
              "xn--kput3i", // 手机 Beijing RITT-Net Technology Development Co., Ltd
              "xn--mgba3a3ejt", // ارامكو Aramco Services Company
              "xn--mgbab2bd", // بازار CORE Association
              "xn--mk1bu44c", // 닷컴 VeriSign Sarl
              "xn--mxtq1m", // 政府 Net-Chinese Co., Ltd.
              "xn--ngbc5azd", // شبكة International Domain Registry Pty. Ltd.
              "xn--nqv7f", // 机构 Public Interest Registry
              "xn--nqv7fs00ema", // 组织机构 Public Interest Registry
              "xn--nyqy26a", // 健康 Stable Tone Limited
              "xn--p1acf", // рус Rusnames Limited
              "xn--pssy2u", // 大拿 VeriSign Sarl
              "xn--q9jyb4c", // みんな Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "xn--qcka1pmc", // グーグル Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "xn--rhqv96g", // 世界 Stable Tone Limited
              "xn--ses554g", // 网址 KNET Co., Ltd
              "xn--t60b56a", // 닷넷 VeriSign Sarl
              "xn--tckwe", // コム VeriSign Sarl
              "xn--unup4y", // 游戏 Spring Fields, LLC
              "xn--vermgensberater-ctb", // VERMöGENSBERATER Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft DVAG
              "xn--vermgensberatung-pwb", // VERMöGENSBERATUNG Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft DVAG
              "xn--vhquv", // 企业 Dash McCook, LLC
              "xn--vuq861b", // 信息 Beijing Tele-info Network Technology Co., Ltd.
              "xn--xhq521b", // 广东 Guangzhou YU Wei Information Technology Co., Ltd.
              "xn--zfr164b", // 政务 China Organizational Name Administration Center
              "xperia", // xperia Sony Mobile Communications AB
              "xxx", // xxx ICM Registry LLC
              "xyz", // xyz XYZ.COM LLC
              "yachts", // yachts DERYachts, LLC
              "yamaxun", // yamaxun Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
              "yandex", // yandex YANDEX, LLC
              "yodobashi", // yodobashi YODOBASHI CAMERA CO.,LTD.
              "yoga", // yoga Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
              "yokohama", // yokohama GMO Registry, Inc.
              "youtube", // youtube Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "zara", // zara Industria de Diseño Textil, S.A. (INDITEX, S.A.)
              "zip", // zip Charleston Road Registry Inc.
              "zone", // zone Outer Falls, LLC
              "zuerich", // zuerich Kanton Zürich (Canton of Zurich)
      };
  
      // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search
      private static final String[] COUNTRY_CODE_TLDS = new String[] {
              "ac",                 // Ascension Island
              "ad",                 // Andorra
              "ae",                 // United Arab Emirates
              "af",                 // Afghanistan
              "ag",                 // Antigua and Barbuda
              "ai",                 // Anguilla
              "al",                 // Albania
              "am",                 // Armenia
  //        "an",                 // Netherlands Antilles (retired)
              "ao",                 // Angola
              "aq",                 // Antarctica
              "ar",                 // Argentina
              "as",                 // American Samoa
              "at",                 // Austria
              "au",                 // Australia (includes Ashmore and Cartier Islands and Coral Sea Islands)
              "aw",                 // Aruba
              "ax",                 // Åland
              "az",                 // Azerbaijan
              "ba",                 // Bosnia and Herzegovina
              "bb",                 // Barbados
              "bd",                 // Bangladesh
              "be",                 // Belgium
              "bf",                 // Burkina Faso
              "bg",                 // Bulgaria
              "bh",                 // Bahrain
              "bi",                 // Burundi
              "bj",                 // Benin
              "bm",                 // Bermuda
              "bn",                 // Brunei Darussalam
              "bo",                 // Bolivia
              "br",                 // Brazil
              "bs",                 // Bahamas
              "bt",                 // Bhutan
              "bv",                 // Bouvet Island
              "bw",                 // Botswana
              "by",                 // Belarus
              "bz",                 // Belize
              "ca",                 // Canada
              "cc",                 // Cocos (Keeling) Islands
              "cd",                 // Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire)
              "cf",                 // Central African Republic
              "cg",                 // Republic of the Congo
              "ch",                 // Switzerland
              "ci",                 // Côte d'Ivoire
              "ck",                 // Cook Islands
              "cl",                 // Chile
              "cm",                 // Cameroon
              "cn",                 // China, mainland
              "co",                 // Colombia
              "cr",                 // Costa Rica
              "cu",                 // Cuba
              "cv",                 // Cape Verde
              "cw",                 // Curaçao
              "cx",                 // Christmas Island
              "cy",                 // Cyprus
              "cz",                 // Czech Republic
              "de",                 // Germany
              "dj",                 // Djibouti
              "dk",                 // Denmark
              "dm",                 // Dominica
              "do",                 // Dominican Republic
              "dz",                 // Algeria
              "ec",                 // Ecuador
              "ee",                 // Estonia
              "eg",                 // Egypt
              "er",                 // Eritrea
              "es",                 // Spain
              "et",                 // Ethiopia
              "eu",                 // European Union
              "fi",                 // Finland
              "fj",                 // Fiji
              "fk",                 // Falkland Islands
              "fm",                 // Federated States of Micronesia
              "fo",                 // Faroe Islands
              "fr",                 // France
              "ga",                 // Gabon
              "gb",                 // Great Britain (United Kingdom)
              "gd",                 // Grenada
              "ge",                 // Georgia
              "gf",                 // French Guiana
              "gg",                 // Guernsey
              "gh",                 // Ghana
              "gi",                 // Gibraltar
              "gl",                 // Greenland
              "gm",                 // The Gambia
              "gn",                 // Guinea
              "gp",                 // Guadeloupe
              "gq",                 // Equatorial Guinea
              "gr",                 // Greece
              "gs",                 // South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
              "gt",                 // Guatemala
              "gu",                 // Guam
              "gw",                 // Guinea-Bissau
              "gy",                 // Guyana
              "hk",                 // Hong Kong
              "hm",                 // Heard Island and McDonald Islands
              "hn",                 // Honduras
              "hr",                 // Croatia (Hrvatska)
              "ht",                 // Haiti
              "hu",                 // Hungary
              "id",                 // Indonesia
              "ie",                 // Ireland (Éire)
              "il",                 // Israel
              "im",                 // Isle of Man
              "in",                 // India
              "io",                 // British Indian Ocean Territory
              "iq",                 // Iraq
              "ir",                 // Iran
              "is",                 // Iceland
              "it",                 // Italy
              "je",                 // Jersey
              "jm",                 // Jamaica
              "jo",                 // Jordan
              "jp",                 // Japan
              "ke",                 // Kenya
              "kg",                 // Kyrgyzstan
              "kh",                 // Cambodia (Khmer)
              "ki",                 // Kiribati
              "km",                 // Comoros
              "kn",                 // Saint Kitts and Nevis
              "kp",                 // North Korea
              "kr",                 // South Korea
              "kw",                 // Kuwait
              "ky",                 // Cayman Islands
              "kz",                 // Kazakhstan
              "la",                 // Laos (currently being marketed as the official domain for Los Angeles)
              "lb",                 // Lebanon
              "lc",                 // Saint Lucia
              "li",                 // Liechtenstein
              "lk",                 // Sri Lanka
              "lr",                 // Liberia
              "ls",                 // Lesotho
              "lt",                 // Lithuania
              "lu",                 // Luxembourg
              "lv",                 // Latvia
              "ly",                 // Libya
              "ma",                 // Morocco
              "mc",                 // Monaco
              "md",                 // Moldova
              "me",                 // Montenegro
              "mg",                 // Madagascar
              "mh",                 // Marshall Islands
              "mk",                 // Republic of Macedonia
              "ml",                 // Mali
              "mm",                 // Myanmar
              "mn",                 // Mongolia
              "mo",                 // Macau
              "mp",                 // Northern Mariana Islands
              "mq",                 // Martinique
              "mr",                 // Mauritania
              "ms",                 // Montserrat
              "mt",                 // Malta
              "mu",                 // Mauritius
              "mv",                 // Maldives
              "mw",                 // Malawi
              "mx",                 // Mexico
              "my",                 // Malaysia
              "mz",                 // Mozambique
              "na",                 // Namibia
              "nc",                 // New Caledonia
              "ne",                 // Niger
              "nf",                 // Norfolk Island
              "ng",                 // Nigeria
              "ni",                 // Nicaragua
              "nl",                 // Netherlands
              "no",                 // Norway
              "np",                 // Nepal
              "nr",                 // Nauru
              "nu",                 // Niue
              "nz",                 // New Zealand
              "om",                 // Oman
              "pa",                 // Panama
              "pe",                 // Peru
              "pf",                 // French Polynesia With Clipperton Island
              "pg",                 // Papua New Guinea
              "ph",                 // Philippines
              "pk",                 // Pakistan
              "pl",                 // Poland
              "pm",                 // Saint-Pierre and Miquelon
              "pn",                 // Pitcairn Islands
              "pr",                 // Puerto Rico
              "ps",                 // Palestinian territories (PA-controlled West Bank and Gaza Strip)
              "pt",                 // Portugal
              "pw",                 // Palau
              "py",                 // Paraguay
              "qa",                 // Qatar
              "re",                 // Réunion
              "ro",                 // Romania
              "rs",                 // Serbia
              "ru",                 // Russia
              "rw",                 // Rwanda
              "sa",                 // Saudi Arabia
              "sb",                 // Solomon Islands
              "sc",                 // Seychelles
              "sd",                 // Sudan
              "se",                 // Sweden
              "sg",                 // Singapore
              "sh",                 // Saint Helena
              "si",                 // Slovenia
              "sj",                 // Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands Not in use (Norwegian dependencies; see .no)
              "sk",                 // Slovakia
              "sl",                 // Sierra Leone
              "sm",                 // San Marino
              "sn",                 // Senegal
              "so",                 // Somalia
              "sr",                 // Suriname
              "st",                 // São Tomé and Príncipe
              "su",                 // Soviet Union (deprecated)
              "sv",                 // El Salvador
              "sx",                 // Sint Maarten
              "sy",                 // Syria
              "sz",                 // Swaziland
              "tc",                 // Turks and Caicos Islands
              "td",                 // Chad
              "tf",                 // French Southern and Antarctic Lands
              "tg",                 // Togo
              "th",                 // Thailand
              "tj",                 // Tajikistan
              "tk",                 // Tokelau
              "tl",                 // East Timor (deprecated old code)
              "tm",                 // Turkmenistan
              "tn",                 // Tunisia
              "to",                 // Tonga
  //        "tp",                 // East Timor (Retired)
              "tr",                 // Turkey
              "tt",                 // Trinidad and Tobago
              "tv",                 // Tuvalu
              "tw",                 // Taiwan, Republic of China
              "tz",                 // Tanzania
              "ua",                 // Ukraine
              "ug",                 // Uganda
              "uk",                 // United Kingdom
              "us",                 // United States of America
              "uy",                 // Uruguay
              "uz",                 // Uzbekistan
              "va",                 // Vatican City State
              "vc",                 // Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
              "ve",                 // Venezuela
              "vg",                 // British Virgin Islands
              "vi",                 // U.S. Virgin Islands
              "vn",                 // Vietnam
              "vu",                 // Vanuatu
              "wf",                 // Wallis and Futuna
              "ws",                 // Samoa (formerly Western Samoa)
              "xn--3e0b707e", // 한국 KISA (Korea Internet &amp; Security Agency)
              "xn--45brj9c", // ভারত National Internet Exchange of India
              "xn--80ao21a", // қаз Association of IT Companies of Kazakhstan
              "xn--90a3ac", // срб Serbian National Internet Domain Registry (RNIDS)
              "xn--90ais", // ??? Reliable Software Inc.
              "xn--clchc0ea0b2g2a9gcd", // சிங்கப்பூர் Singapore Network Information Centre (SGNIC) Pte Ltd
              "xn--d1alf", // мкд Macedonian Academic Research Network Skopje
              "xn--fiqs8s", // 中国 China Internet Network Information Center
              "xn--fiqz9s", // 中國 China Internet Network Information Center
              "xn--fpcrj9c3d", // భారత్ National Internet Exchange of India
              "xn--fzc2c9e2c", // ලංකා LK Domain Registry
              "xn--gecrj9c", // ભારત National Internet Exchange of India
              "xn--h2brj9c", // भारत National Internet Exchange of India
              "xn--j1amh", // укр Ukrainian Network Information Centre (UANIC), Inc.
              "xn--j6w193g", // 香港 Hong Kong Internet Registration Corporation Ltd.
              "xn--kprw13d", // 台湾 Taiwan Network Information Center (TWNIC)
              "xn--kpry57d", // 台灣 Taiwan Network Information Center (TWNIC)
              "xn--l1acc", // мон Datacom Co.,Ltd
              "xn--lgbbat1ad8j", // الجزائر CERIST
              "xn--mgb9awbf", // عمان Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA)
              "xn--mgba3a4f16a", // ایران Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM)
              "xn--mgbaam7a8h", // امارات Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA)
              "xn--mgbayh7gpa", // الاردن National Information Technology Center (NITC)
              "xn--mgbbh1a71e", // بھارت National Internet Exchange of India
              "xn--mgbc0a9azcg", // المغرب Agence Nationale de Réglementation des Télécommunications (ANRT)
              "xn--mgberp4a5d4ar", // السعودية Communications and Information Technology Commission
              "xn--mgbpl2fh", // ????? Sudan Internet Society
              "xn--mgbtx2b", // عراق Communications and Media Commission (CMC)
              "xn--mgbx4cd0ab", // مليسيا MYNIC Berhad
              "xn--node", // გე Information Technologies Development Center (ITDC)
              "xn--o3cw4h", // ไทย Thai Network Information Center Foundation
              "xn--ogbpf8fl", // سورية National Agency for Network Services (NANS)
              "xn--p1ai", // рф Coordination Center for TLD RU
              "xn--pgbs0dh", // تونس Agence Tunisienne d&#39;Internet
              "xn--qxam", // ελ ICS-FORTH GR
              "xn--s9brj9c", // ਭਾਰਤ National Internet Exchange of India
              "xn--wgbh1c", // مصر National Telecommunication Regulatory Authority - NTRA
              "xn--wgbl6a", // قطر Communications Regulatory Authority
              "xn--xkc2al3hye2a", // இலங்கை LK Domain Registry
              "xn--xkc2dl3a5ee0h", // இந்தியா National Internet Exchange of India
              "xn--y9a3aq", // ??? Internet Society
              "xn--yfro4i67o", // 新加坡 Singapore Network Information Centre (SGNIC) Pte Ltd
              "xn--ygbi2ammx", // فلسطين Ministry of Telecom &amp; Information Technology (MTIT)
              "ye",                 // Yemen
              "yt",                 // Mayotte
              "za",                 // South Africa
              "zm",                 // Zambia
              "zw",                 // Zimbabwe
      };
  }
  