content: // Protocol Buffers - Google's data interchange format
  // Copyright 2008 Google Inc.  All rights reserved.
  // https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/
  //
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  // modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
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  //
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  // notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  //     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
  // copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
  // in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
  // distribution.
  //     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
  // contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
  // this software without specific prior written permission.
  //
  // THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
  // "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
  // LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
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  // OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
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  // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  
  package com.google.protobuf;
  
  import static com.google.protobuf.TestUtil.TEST_REQUIRED_INITIALIZED;
  import static com.google.protobuf.TestUtil.TEST_REQUIRED_UNINITIALIZED;
  
  import com.google.protobuf.Descriptors.Descriptor;
  import com.google.protobuf.Descriptors.FieldDescriptor;
  import com.google.protobuf.TextFormat.Parser.SingularOverwritePolicy;
  import map_test.MapTestProto.TestMap;
  import protobuf_unittest.UnittestMset.TestMessageSetExtension1;
  import protobuf_unittest.UnittestMset.TestMessageSetExtension2;
  import protobuf_unittest.UnittestProto.OneString;
  import protobuf_unittest.UnittestProto.TestAllExtensions;
  import protobuf_unittest.UnittestProto.TestAllTypes;
  import protobuf_unittest.UnittestProto.TestAllTypes.NestedMessage;
  import protobuf_unittest.UnittestProto.TestEmptyMessage;
  import protobuf_unittest.UnittestProto.TestOneof2;
  import protobuf_unittest.UnittestProto.TestRequired;
  import proto2_wireformat_unittest.UnittestMsetWireFormat.TestMessageSet;
  import java.io.StringReader;
  import java.util.List;
  import java.util.logging.Logger;
  import junit.framework.TestCase;
  
  /**
   * Test case for {@link TextFormat}.
   *
   * <p>TODO(wenboz): ExtensionTest and rest of text_format_unittest.cc.
   *
   * @author wenboz@google.com (Wenbo Zhu)
   */
  public class TextFormatTest extends TestCase {
  
    // A basic string with different escapable characters for testing.
    private static final String ESCAPE_TEST_STRING =
        "\"A string with ' characters \n and \r newlines and \t tabs and \001 slashes \\";
  
    // A representation of the above string with all the characters escaped.
    private static final String ESCAPE_TEST_STRING_ESCAPED =
        "\\\"A string with \\' characters \\n and \\r newlines "
            + "and \\t tabs and \\001 slashes \\\\";
  
    private static String allFieldsSetText =
        TestUtil.readTextFromFile("text_format_unittest_data_oneof_implemented.txt");
    private static String allExtensionsSetText =
        TestUtil.readTextFromFile("text_format_unittest_extensions_data.txt");
  
    private static String exoticText =
        ""
            + "repeated_int32: -1\n"
            + "repeated_int32: -2147483648\n"
            + "repeated_int64: -1,\n"
            + "repeated_int64: -9223372036854775808\n"
            + "repeated_uint32: 4294967295\n"
            + "repeated_uint32: 2147483648\n"
            + "repeated_uint64: 18446744073709551615\n"
            + "repeated_uint64: 9223372036854775808\n"
            + "repeated_double: 123.0\n"
            + "repeated_double: 123.5\n"
            + "repeated_double: 0.125\n"
            + "repeated_double: .125\n"
            + "repeated_double: -.125\n"
            + "repeated_double: 1.23E17\n"
            + "repeated_double: 1.23E+17\n"
            + "repeated_double: -1.23e-17\n"
            + "repeated_double: .23e+17\n"
            + "repeated_double: -.23E17\n"
            + "repeated_double: 1.235E22\n"
            + "repeated_double: 1.235E-18\n"
            + "repeated_double: 123.456789\n"
            + "repeated_double: Infinity\n"
            + "repeated_double: -Infinity\n"
            + "repeated_double: NaN\n"
            + "repeated_string: \"\\000\\001\\a\\b\\f\\n\\r\\t\\v\\\\\\'\\\""
            + "\\341\\210\\264\"\n"
            + "repeated_bytes: \"\\000\\001\\a\\b\\f\\n\\r\\t\\v\\\\\\'\\\"\\376\"\n";
  
    private static String canonicalExoticText =
        exoticText
            .replace(": .", ": 0.")
            .replace(": -.", ": -0.") // short-form double
            .replace("23e", "23E")
            .replace("E+", "E")
            .replace("0.23E17", "2.3E16")
            .replace(",", "");
  
    private String messageSetText =
        ""
            + "[protobuf_unittest.TestMessageSetExtension1] {\n"
            + "  i: 123\n"
            + "}\n"
            + "[protobuf_unittest.TestMessageSetExtension2] {\n"
            + "  str: \"foo\"\n"
            + "}\n";
  
    private String messageSetTextWithRepeatedExtension =
        ""
            + "[protobuf_unittest.TestMessageSetExtension1] {\n"
            + "  i: 123\n"
            + "}\n"
            + "[protobuf_unittest.TestMessageSetExtension1] {\n"
            + "  i: 456\n"
            + "}\n";
  
    private final TextFormat.Parser parserAllowingUnknownFields =
        TextFormat.Parser.newBuilder().setAllowUnknownFields(true).build();
  
    private final TextFormat.Parser parserAllowingUnknownExtensions =
        TextFormat.Parser.newBuilder().setAllowUnknownExtensions(true).build();
  
    private final TextFormat.Parser parserWithOverwriteForbidden =
        TextFormat.Parser.newBuilder()
            .setSingularOverwritePolicy(SingularOverwritePolicy.FORBID_SINGULAR_OVERWRITES)
            .build();
  
    private final TextFormat.Parser defaultParser = TextFormat.Parser.newBuilder().build();
  
    /** Print TestAllTypes and compare with golden file. */
    public void testPrintMessage() throws Exception {
      String javaText = TextFormat.printToString(TestUtil.getAllSet());
  
      // Java likes to add a trailing ".0" to floats and doubles.  C printf
      // (with %g format) does not.  Our golden files are used for both
      // C++ and Java TextFormat classes, so we need to conform.
      javaText = javaText.replace(".0\n", "\n");
  
      assertEquals(allFieldsSetText, javaText);
    }
  
    /** Print TestAllTypes as Builder and compare with golden file. */
    public void testPrintMessageBuilder() throws Exception {
      String javaText = TextFormat.printToString(TestUtil.getAllSetBuilder());
  
      // Java likes to add a trailing ".0" to floats and doubles.  C printf
      // (with %g format) does not.  Our golden files are used for both
      // C++ and Java TextFormat classes, so we need to conform.
      javaText = javaText.replace(".0\n", "\n");
  
      assertEquals(allFieldsSetText, javaText);
    }
  
    /** Print TestAllExtensions and compare with golden file. */
    public void testPrintExtensions() throws Exception {
      String javaText = TextFormat.printToString(TestUtil.getAllExtensionsSet());
  
      // Java likes to add a trailing ".0" to floats and doubles.  C printf
      // (with %g format) does not.  Our golden files are used for both
      // C++ and Java TextFormat classes, so we need to conform.
      javaText = javaText.replace(".0\n", "\n");
  
      assertEquals(allExtensionsSetText, javaText);
    }
  
    // Creates an example unknown field set.
    private UnknownFieldSet makeUnknownFieldSet() {
  
      return UnknownFieldSet.newBuilder()
          .addField(
              5,
              UnknownFieldSet.Field.newBuilder()
                  .addVarint(1)
                  .addFixed32(2)
                  .addFixed64(3)
                  .addLengthDelimited(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("4"))
                  .addLengthDelimited(
                      UnknownFieldSet.newBuilder()
                          .addField(12, UnknownFieldSet.Field.newBuilder().addVarint(6).build())
                          .build()
                          .toByteString())
                  .addGroup(
                      UnknownFieldSet.newBuilder()
                          .addField(10, UnknownFieldSet.Field.newBuilder().addVarint(5).build())
                          .build())
                  .build())
          .addField(
              8, UnknownFieldSet.Field.newBuilder().addVarint(1).addVarint(2).addVarint(3).build())
          .addField(
              15,
              UnknownFieldSet.Field.newBuilder()
                  .addVarint(0xABCDEF1234567890L)
                  .addFixed32(0xABCD1234)
                  .addFixed64(0xABCDEF1234567890L)
                  .build())
          .build();
    }
  
    public void testPrintUnknownFields() throws Exception {
      // Test printing of unknown fields in a message.
  
      TestEmptyMessage message =
          TestEmptyMessage.newBuilder().setUnknownFields(makeUnknownFieldSet()).build();
  
      assertEquals(
          "5: 1\n"
              + "5: 0x00000002\n"
              + "5: 0x0000000000000003\n"
              + "5: \"4\"\n"
              + "5: {\n"
              + "  12: 6\n"
              + "}\n"
              + "5 {\n"
              + "  10: 5\n"
              + "}\n"
              + "8: 1\n"
              + "8: 2\n"
              + "8: 3\n"
              + "15: 12379813812177893520\n"
              + "15: 0xabcd1234\n"
              + "15: 0xabcdef1234567890\n",
          TextFormat.printToString(message));
    }
  
    public void testPrintField() throws Exception {
      final FieldDescriptor dataField = OneString.getDescriptor().findFieldByName("data");
      assertEquals("data: \"test data\"\n", TextFormat.printFieldToString(dataField, "test data"));
  
      final FieldDescriptor optionalField =
          TestAllTypes.getDescriptor().findFieldByName("optional_nested_message");
      final Object value = NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(42).build();
  
      assertEquals(
          "optional_nested_message {\n  bb: 42\n}\n",
          TextFormat.printFieldToString(optionalField, value));
    }
  
    /**
     * Helper to construct a ByteString from a String containing only 8-bit characters. The characters
     * are converted directly to bytes, *not* encoded using UTF-8.
     */
    private ByteString bytes(String str) {
      return ByteString.copyFrom(str.getBytes(Internal.ISO_8859_1));
    }
  
    /**
     * Helper to construct a ByteString from a bunch of bytes. The inputs are actually ints so that I
     * can use hex notation and not get stupid errors about precision.
     */
    private ByteString bytes(int... bytesAsInts) {
      byte[] bytes = new byte[bytesAsInts.length];
      for (int i = 0; i < bytesAsInts.length; i++) {
        bytes[i] = (byte) bytesAsInts[i];
      }
      return ByteString.copyFrom(bytes);
    }
  
    public void testPrintExotic() throws Exception {
      Message message =
          TestAllTypes.newBuilder()
              // Signed vs. unsigned numbers.
              .addRepeatedInt32(-1)
              .addRepeatedUint32(-1)
              .addRepeatedInt64(-1)
              .addRepeatedUint64(-1)
              .addRepeatedInt32(1 << 31)
              .addRepeatedUint32(1 << 31)
              .addRepeatedInt64(1L << 63)
              .addRepeatedUint64(1L << 63)
  
              // Floats of various precisions and exponents.
              .addRepeatedDouble(123)
              .addRepeatedDouble(123.5)
              .addRepeatedDouble(0.125)
              .addRepeatedDouble(.125)
              .addRepeatedDouble(-.125)
              .addRepeatedDouble(123e15)
              .addRepeatedDouble(123e15)
              .addRepeatedDouble(-1.23e-17)
              .addRepeatedDouble(.23e17)
              .addRepeatedDouble(-23e15)
              .addRepeatedDouble(123.5e20)
              .addRepeatedDouble(123.5e-20)
              .addRepeatedDouble(123.456789)
              .addRepeatedDouble(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY)
              .addRepeatedDouble(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY)
              .addRepeatedDouble(Double.NaN)
  
              // Strings and bytes that needing escaping.
              .addRepeatedString("\0\001\007\b\f\n\r\t\013\\\'\"\u1234")
              .addRepeatedBytes(bytes("\0\001\007\b\f\n\r\t\013\\\'\"\u00fe"))
              .build();
  
      assertEquals(canonicalExoticText, message.toString());
    }
  
    public void testPrintMessageSet() throws Exception {
      TestMessageSet messageSet =
          TestMessageSet.newBuilder()
              .setExtension(
                  TestMessageSetExtension1.messageSetExtension,
                  TestMessageSetExtension1.newBuilder().setI(123).build())
              .setExtension(
                  TestMessageSetExtension2.messageSetExtension,
                  TestMessageSetExtension2.newBuilder().setStr("foo").build())
              .build();
  
      assertEquals(messageSetText, messageSet.toString());
    }
  
    // =================================================================
  
    public void testMerge() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge(allFieldsSetText, builder);
      TestUtil.assertAllFieldsSet(builder.build());
    }
  
    public void testParse() throws Exception {
      TestUtil.assertAllFieldsSet(TextFormat.parse(allFieldsSetText, TestAllTypes.class));
    }
  
    public void testMergeInitialized() throws Exception {
      TestRequired.Builder builder = TestRequired.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge(TEST_REQUIRED_INITIALIZED.toString(), builder);
      assertEquals(TEST_REQUIRED_INITIALIZED.toString(), builder.buildPartial().toString());
      assertTrue(builder.isInitialized());
    }
  
    public void testParseInitialized() throws Exception {
      TestRequired parsed =
          TextFormat.parse(TEST_REQUIRED_INITIALIZED.toString(), TestRequired.class);
      assertEquals(TEST_REQUIRED_INITIALIZED.toString(), parsed.toString());
      assertTrue(parsed.isInitialized());
    }
  
    public void testMergeUninitialized() throws Exception {
      TestRequired.Builder builder = TestRequired.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge(TEST_REQUIRED_UNINITIALIZED.toString(), builder);
      assertEquals(TEST_REQUIRED_UNINITIALIZED.toString(), builder.buildPartial().toString());
      assertFalse(builder.isInitialized());
    }
  
    public void testParseUninitialized() throws Exception {
      try {
        TextFormat.parse(TEST_REQUIRED_UNINITIALIZED.toString(), TestRequired.class);
        fail("Expected UninitializedMessageException.");
      } catch (UninitializedMessageException e) {
        assertEquals("Message missing required fields: b, c", e.getMessage());
      }
    }
  
    public void testMergeReader() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge(new StringReader(allFieldsSetText), builder);
      TestUtil.assertAllFieldsSet(builder.build());
    }
  
    public void testMergeExtensions() throws Exception {
      TestAllExtensions.Builder builder = TestAllExtensions.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge(allExtensionsSetText, TestUtil.getFullExtensionRegistry(), builder);
      TestUtil.assertAllExtensionsSet(builder.build());
    }
  
    public void testParseExtensions() throws Exception {
      TestUtil.assertAllExtensionsSet(
          TextFormat.parse(
              allExtensionsSetText, TestUtil.getFullExtensionRegistry(), TestAllExtensions.class));
    }
  
    public void testMergeAndParseCompatibility() throws Exception {
      String original =
          "repeated_float: inf\n"
              + "repeated_float: -inf\n"
              + "repeated_float: nan\n"
              + "repeated_float: inff\n"
              + "repeated_float: -inff\n"
              + "repeated_float: nanf\n"
              + "repeated_float: 1.0f\n"
              + "repeated_float: infinityf\n"
              + "repeated_float: -Infinityf\n"
              + "repeated_double: infinity\n"
              + "repeated_double: -infinity\n"
              + "repeated_double: nan\n";
      String canonical =
          "repeated_float: Infinity\n"
              + "repeated_float: -Infinity\n"
              + "repeated_float: NaN\n"
              + "repeated_float: Infinity\n"
              + "repeated_float: -Infinity\n"
              + "repeated_float: NaN\n"
              + "repeated_float: 1.0\n"
              + "repeated_float: Infinity\n"
              + "repeated_float: -Infinity\n"
              + "repeated_double: Infinity\n"
              + "repeated_double: -Infinity\n"
              + "repeated_double: NaN\n";
  
      // Test merge().
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge(original, builder);
      assertEquals(canonical, builder.build().toString());
  
      // Test parse().
      assertEquals(canonical, TextFormat.parse(original, TestAllTypes.class).toString());
    }
  
    public void testMergeAndParseExotic() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge(exoticText, builder);
  
      // Too lazy to check things individually.  Don't try to debug this
      // if testPrintExotic() is failing.
      assertEquals(canonicalExoticText, builder.build().toString());
      assertEquals(canonicalExoticText, TextFormat.parse(exoticText, TestAllTypes.class).toString());
    }
  
    public void testMergeMessageSet() throws Exception {
      ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry = ExtensionRegistry.newInstance();
      extensionRegistry.add(TestMessageSetExtension1.messageSetExtension);
      extensionRegistry.add(TestMessageSetExtension2.messageSetExtension);
  
      TestMessageSet.Builder builder = TestMessageSet.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge(messageSetText, extensionRegistry, builder);
      TestMessageSet messageSet = builder.build();
  
      assertTrue(messageSet.hasExtension(TestMessageSetExtension1.messageSetExtension));
      assertEquals(123, messageSet.getExtension(TestMessageSetExtension1.messageSetExtension).getI());
      assertTrue(messageSet.hasExtension(TestMessageSetExtension2.messageSetExtension));
      assertEquals(
          "foo", messageSet.getExtension(TestMessageSetExtension2.messageSetExtension).getStr());
  
      builder = TestMessageSet.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge(messageSetTextWithRepeatedExtension, extensionRegistry, builder);
      messageSet = builder.build();
      assertEquals(456, messageSet.getExtension(TestMessageSetExtension1.messageSetExtension).getI());
    }
  
    public void testMergeMessageSetWithOverwriteForbidden() throws Exception {
      ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry = ExtensionRegistry.newInstance();
      extensionRegistry.add(TestMessageSetExtension1.messageSetExtension);
      extensionRegistry.add(TestMessageSetExtension2.messageSetExtension);
  
      TestMessageSet.Builder builder = TestMessageSet.newBuilder();
      parserWithOverwriteForbidden.merge(messageSetText, extensionRegistry, builder);
      TestMessageSet messageSet = builder.build();
      assertEquals(123, messageSet.getExtension(TestMessageSetExtension1.messageSetExtension).getI());
      assertEquals(
          "foo", messageSet.getExtension(TestMessageSetExtension2.messageSetExtension).getStr());
  
      builder = TestMessageSet.newBuilder();
      try {
        parserWithOverwriteForbidden.merge(
            messageSetTextWithRepeatedExtension, extensionRegistry, builder);
        fail("expected parse exception");
      } catch (TextFormat.ParseException e) {
        assertEquals(
            "4:44: Non-repeated field "
                + "\"protobuf_unittest.TestMessageSetExtension1.message_set_extension\""
                + " cannot be overwritten.",
            e.getMessage());
      }
    }
  
    public void testMergeNumericEnum() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge("optional_nested_enum: 2", builder);
      assertEquals(TestAllTypes.NestedEnum.BAR, builder.getOptionalNestedEnum());
    }
  
    public void testMergeAngleBrackets() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge("OptionalGroup: < a: 1 >", builder);
      assertTrue(builder.hasOptionalGroup());
      assertEquals(1, builder.getOptionalGroup().getA());
    }
  
    public void testMergeComment() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge(
          "# this is a comment\n"
              + "optional_int32: 1  # another comment\n"
              + "optional_int64: 2\n"
              + "# EOF comment",
          builder);
      assertEquals(1, builder.getOptionalInt32());
      assertEquals(2, builder.getOptionalInt64());
    }
  
  
    private void assertParseError(String error, String text) {
      // Test merge().
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      try {
        TextFormat.merge(text, TestUtil.getFullExtensionRegistry(), builder);
        fail("Expected parse exception.");
      } catch (TextFormat.ParseException e) {
        assertEquals(error, e.getMessage());
      }
  
      // Test parse().
      try {
        TextFormat.parse(text, TestUtil.getFullExtensionRegistry(), TestAllTypes.class);
        fail("Expected parse exception.");
      } catch (TextFormat.ParseException e) {
        assertEquals(error, e.getMessage());
      }
    }
  
    private void assertParseErrorWithUnknownFields(String error, String text) {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      try {
        parserAllowingUnknownFields.merge(text, TestUtil.getFullExtensionRegistry(), builder);
        fail("Expected parse exception.");
      } catch (TextFormat.ParseException e) {
        assertEquals(error, e.getMessage());
      }
    }
  
    private TestAllTypes assertParseSuccessWithUnknownFields(String text)
        throws TextFormat.ParseException {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      parserAllowingUnknownFields.merge(text, TestUtil.getFullExtensionRegistry(), builder);
      return builder.build();
    }
  
    private void assertParseErrorWithUnknownExtensions(String error, String text) {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      try {
        parserAllowingUnknownExtensions.merge(text, builder);
        fail("Expected parse exception.");
      } catch (TextFormat.ParseException e) {
        assertEquals(error, e.getMessage());
      }
    }
  
    private TestAllTypes assertParseSuccessWithUnknownExtensions(String text)
        throws TextFormat.ParseException {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      parserAllowingUnknownExtensions.merge(text, builder);
      return builder.build();
    }
  
    private void assertParseErrorWithOverwriteForbidden(String error, String text) {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      try {
        parserWithOverwriteForbidden.merge(text, TestUtil.getFullExtensionRegistry(), builder);
        fail("Expected parse exception.");
      } catch (TextFormat.ParseException e) {
        assertEquals(error, e.getMessage());
      }
    }
  
    private TestAllTypes assertParseSuccessWithOverwriteForbidden(String text)
        throws TextFormat.ParseException {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      parserWithOverwriteForbidden.merge(text, TestUtil.getFullExtensionRegistry(), builder);
      return builder.build();
    }
  
    public void testParseErrors() throws Exception {
      assertParseError("1:16: Expected \":\".", "optional_int32 123");
      assertParseError("1:23: Expected identifier. Found '?'", "optional_nested_enum: ?");
      assertParseError(
          "1:18: Couldn't parse integer: Number must be positive: -1", "optional_uint32: -1");
      assertParseError(
          "1:17: Couldn't parse integer: Number out of range for 32-bit signed "
              + "integer: 82301481290849012385230157",
          "optional_int32: 82301481290849012385230157");
      assertParseError(
          "1:16: Expected \"true\" or \"false\". Found \"maybe\".", "optional_bool: maybe");
      assertParseError("1:16: Expected \"true\" or \"false\". Found \"2\".", "optional_bool: 2");
      assertParseError("1:18: Expected string.", "optional_string: 123");
      assertParseError("1:18: String missing ending quote.", "optional_string: \"ueoauaoe");
      assertParseError(
          "1:18: String missing ending quote.", "optional_string: \"ueoauaoe\noptional_int32: 123");
      assertParseError("1:18: Invalid escape sequence: '\\z'", "optional_string: \"\\z\"");
      assertParseError(
          "1:18: String missing ending quote.", "optional_string: \"ueoauaoe\noptional_int32: 123");
      assertParseError(
          "1:2: Input contains unknown fields and/or extensions:\n"
              + "1:2:\tprotobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.[nosuchext]",
          "[nosuchext]: 123");
      assertParseError(
          "1:20: Extension \"protobuf_unittest.optional_int32_extension\" does "
              + "not extend message type \"protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes\".",
          "[protobuf_unittest.optional_int32_extension]: 123");
      assertParseError(
          "1:1: Input contains unknown fields and/or extensions:\n"
              + "1:1:\tprotobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.nosuchfield",
          "nosuchfield: 123");
      assertParseError("1:21: Expected \">\".", "OptionalGroup < a: 1");
      assertParseError(
          "1:23: Enum type \"protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.NestedEnum\" has no "
              + "value named \"NO_SUCH_VALUE\".",
          "optional_nested_enum: NO_SUCH_VALUE");
      assertParseError(
          "1:23: Enum type \"protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.NestedEnum\" has no "
              + "value with number 123.",
          "optional_nested_enum: 123");
  
      // Delimiters must match.
      assertParseError("1:22: Expected identifier. Found '}'", "OptionalGroup < a: 1 }");
      assertParseError("1:22: Expected identifier. Found '>'", "OptionalGroup { a: 1 >");
    }
  
    // =================================================================
  
    public void testEscape() throws Exception {
      // Escape sequences.
      assertEquals(
          "\\000\\001\\a\\b\\f\\n\\r\\t\\v\\\\\\'\\\"\\177",
          TextFormat.escapeBytes(bytes("\0\001\007\b\f\n\r\t\013\\\'\"\177")));
      assertEquals(
          "\\000\\001\\a\\b\\f\\n\\r\\t\\v\\\\\\'\\\"\\177",
          TextFormat.escapeText("\0\001\007\b\f\n\r\t\013\\\'\"\177"));
      assertEquals(
          bytes("\0\001\007\b\f\n\r\t\013\\\'\""),
          TextFormat.unescapeBytes("\\000\\001\\a\\b\\f\\n\\r\\t\\v\\\\\\'\\\""));
      assertEquals(
          "\0\001\007\b\f\n\r\t\013\\\'\"",
          TextFormat.unescapeText("\\000\\001\\a\\b\\f\\n\\r\\t\\v\\\\\\'\\\""));
      assertEquals(ESCAPE_TEST_STRING_ESCAPED, TextFormat.escapeText(ESCAPE_TEST_STRING));
      assertEquals(ESCAPE_TEST_STRING, TextFormat.unescapeText(ESCAPE_TEST_STRING_ESCAPED));
  
      // Invariant
      assertEquals("hello", TextFormat.escapeBytes(bytes("hello")));
      assertEquals("hello", TextFormat.escapeText("hello"));
      assertEquals(bytes("hello"), TextFormat.unescapeBytes("hello"));
      assertEquals("hello", TextFormat.unescapeText("hello"));
  
      // Unicode handling.
      assertEquals("\\341\\210\\264", TextFormat.escapeText("\u1234"));
      assertEquals("\\341\\210\\264", TextFormat.escapeBytes(bytes(0xe1, 0x88, 0xb4)));
      assertEquals("\u1234", TextFormat.unescapeText("\\341\\210\\264"));
      assertEquals(bytes(0xe1, 0x88, 0xb4), TextFormat.unescapeBytes("\\341\\210\\264"));
      assertEquals("\u1234", TextFormat.unescapeText("\\xe1\\x88\\xb4"));
      assertEquals(bytes(0xe1, 0x88, 0xb4), TextFormat.unescapeBytes("\\xe1\\x88\\xb4"));
  
      // Handling of strings with unescaped Unicode characters > 255.
      final String zh = "\u9999\u6e2f\u4e0a\u6d77\ud84f\udf80\u8c50\u9280\u884c";
      ByteString zhByteString = ByteString.copyFromUtf8(zh);
      assertEquals(zhByteString, TextFormat.unescapeBytes(zh));
  
      // Errors.
      try {
        TextFormat.unescapeText("\\x");
        fail("Should have thrown an exception.");
      } catch (TextFormat.InvalidEscapeSequenceException e) {
        // success
      }
  
      try {
        TextFormat.unescapeText("\\z");
        fail("Should have thrown an exception.");
      } catch (TextFormat.InvalidEscapeSequenceException e) {
        // success
      }
  
      try {
        TextFormat.unescapeText("\\");
        fail("Should have thrown an exception.");
      } catch (TextFormat.InvalidEscapeSequenceException e) {
        // success
      }
    }
  
    public void testParseInteger() throws Exception {
      assertEquals(0, TextFormat.parseInt32("0"));
      assertEquals(1, TextFormat.parseInt32("1"));
      assertEquals(-1, TextFormat.parseInt32("-1"));
      assertEquals(12345, TextFormat.parseInt32("12345"));
      assertEquals(-12345, TextFormat.parseInt32("-12345"));
      assertEquals(2147483647, TextFormat.parseInt32("2147483647"));
      assertEquals(-2147483648, TextFormat.parseInt32("-2147483648"));
  
      assertEquals(0, TextFormat.parseUInt32("0"));
      assertEquals(1, TextFormat.parseUInt32("1"));
      assertEquals(12345, TextFormat.parseUInt32("12345"));
      assertEquals(2147483647, TextFormat.parseUInt32("2147483647"));
      assertEquals((int) 2147483648L, TextFormat.parseUInt32("2147483648"));
      assertEquals((int) 4294967295L, TextFormat.parseUInt32("4294967295"));
  
      assertEquals(0L, TextFormat.parseInt64("0"));
      assertEquals(1L, TextFormat.parseInt64("1"));
      assertEquals(-1L, TextFormat.parseInt64("-1"));
      assertEquals(12345L, TextFormat.parseInt64("12345"));
      assertEquals(-12345L, TextFormat.parseInt64("-12345"));
      assertEquals(2147483647L, TextFormat.parseInt64("2147483647"));
      assertEquals(-2147483648L, TextFormat.parseInt64("-2147483648"));
      assertEquals(4294967295L, TextFormat.parseInt64("4294967295"));
      assertEquals(4294967296L, TextFormat.parseInt64("4294967296"));
      assertEquals(9223372036854775807L, TextFormat.parseInt64("9223372036854775807"));
      assertEquals(-9223372036854775808L, TextFormat.parseInt64("-9223372036854775808"));
  
      assertEquals(0L, TextFormat.parseUInt64("0"));
      assertEquals(1L, TextFormat.parseUInt64("1"));
      assertEquals(12345L, TextFormat.parseUInt64("12345"));
      assertEquals(2147483647L, TextFormat.parseUInt64("2147483647"));
      assertEquals(4294967295L, TextFormat.parseUInt64("4294967295"));
      assertEquals(4294967296L, TextFormat.parseUInt64("4294967296"));
      assertEquals(9223372036854775807L, TextFormat.parseUInt64("9223372036854775807"));
      assertEquals(-9223372036854775808L, TextFormat.parseUInt64("9223372036854775808"));
      assertEquals(-1L, TextFormat.parseUInt64("18446744073709551615"));
  
      // Hex
      assertEquals(0x1234abcd, TextFormat.parseInt32("0x1234abcd"));
      assertEquals(-0x1234abcd, TextFormat.parseInt32("-0x1234abcd"));
      assertEquals(-1, TextFormat.parseUInt64("0xffffffffffffffff"));
      assertEquals(0x7fffffffffffffffL, TextFormat.parseInt64("0x7fffffffffffffff"));
  
      // Octal
      assertEquals(01234567, TextFormat.parseInt32("01234567"));
  
      // Out-of-range
      try {
        TextFormat.parseInt32("2147483648");
        fail("Should have thrown an exception.");
      } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        // success
      }
  
      try {
        TextFormat.parseInt32("-2147483649");
        fail("Should have thrown an exception.");
      } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        // success
      }
  
      try {
        TextFormat.parseUInt32("4294967296");
        fail("Should have thrown an exception.");
      } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        // success
      }
  
      try {
        TextFormat.parseUInt32("-1");
        fail("Should have thrown an exception.");
      } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        // success
      }
  
      try {
        TextFormat.parseInt64("9223372036854775808");
        fail("Should have thrown an exception.");
      } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        // success
      }
  
      try {
        TextFormat.parseInt64("-9223372036854775809");
        fail("Should have thrown an exception.");
      } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        // success
      }
  
      try {
        TextFormat.parseUInt64("18446744073709551616");
        fail("Should have thrown an exception.");
      } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        // success
      }
  
      try {
        TextFormat.parseUInt64("-1");
        fail("Should have thrown an exception.");
      } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        // success
      }
  
      // Not a number.
      try {
        TextFormat.parseInt32("abcd");
        fail("Should have thrown an exception.");
      } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        // success
      }
    }
  
    public void testParseString() throws Exception {
      final String zh = "\u9999\u6e2f\u4e0a\u6d77\ud84f\udf80\u8c50\u9280\u884c";
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge("optional_string: \"" + zh + "\"", builder);
      assertEquals(zh, builder.getOptionalString());
    }
  
    public void testParseLongString() throws Exception {
      String longText =
          "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
              + "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890";
  
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge("optional_string: \"" + longText + "\"", builder);
      assertEquals(longText, builder.getOptionalString());
    }
  
    public void testParseBoolean() throws Exception {
      String goodText =
          "repeated_bool: t  repeated_bool : 0\n"
              + "repeated_bool :f repeated_bool:1\n"
              + "repeated_bool: False repeated_bool: True";
      String goodTextCanonical =
          "repeated_bool: true\n"
              + "repeated_bool: false\n"
              + "repeated_bool: false\n"
              + "repeated_bool: true\n"
              + "repeated_bool: false\n"
              + "repeated_bool: true\n";
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge(goodText, builder);
      assertEquals(goodTextCanonical, builder.build().toString());
  
      try {
        TestAllTypes.Builder badBuilder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
        TextFormat.merge("optional_bool:2", badBuilder);
        fail("Should have thrown an exception.");
      } catch (TextFormat.ParseException e) {
        // success
      }
      try {
        TestAllTypes.Builder badBuilder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
        TextFormat.merge("optional_bool: foo", badBuilder);
        fail("Should have thrown an exception.");
      } catch (TextFormat.ParseException e) {
        // success
      }
    }
  
    public void testParseAdjacentStringLiterals() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge("optional_string: \"foo\" 'corge' \"grault\"", builder);
      assertEquals("foocorgegrault", builder.getOptionalString());
    }
  
    public void testPrintFieldValue() throws Exception {
      assertPrintFieldValue("\"Hello\"", "Hello", "repeated_string");
      assertPrintFieldValue("123.0", 123f, "repeated_float");
      assertPrintFieldValue("123.0", 123d, "repeated_double");
      assertPrintFieldValue("123", 123, "repeated_int32");
      assertPrintFieldValue("123", 123L, "repeated_int64");
      assertPrintFieldValue("true", true, "repeated_bool");
      assertPrintFieldValue("4294967295", 0xFFFFFFFF, "repeated_uint32");
      assertPrintFieldValue("18446744073709551615", 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFL, "repeated_uint64");
      assertPrintFieldValue(
          "\"\\001\\002\\003\"", ByteString.copyFrom(new byte[] {1, 2, 3}), "repeated_bytes");
    }
  
    private void assertPrintFieldValue(String expect, Object value, String fieldName)
        throws Exception {
      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
      TextFormat.printFieldValue(TestAllTypes.getDescriptor().findFieldByName(fieldName), value, sb);
      assertEquals(expect, sb.toString());
    }
  
    public void testShortDebugString() {
      assertEquals(
          "optional_nested_message { bb: 42 } repeated_int32: 1 repeated_uint32: 2",
          TextFormat.shortDebugString(
              TestAllTypes.newBuilder()
                  .addRepeatedInt32(1)
                  .addRepeatedUint32(2)
                  .setOptionalNestedMessage(NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(42).build())
                  .build()));
    }
  
    public void testShortDebugString_field() {
      final FieldDescriptor dataField = OneString.getDescriptor().findFieldByName("data");
      assertEquals("data: \"test data\"", TextFormat.shortDebugString(dataField, "test data"));
  
      final FieldDescriptor optionalField =
          TestAllTypes.getDescriptor().findFieldByName("optional_nested_message");
      final Object value = NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(42).build();
  
      assertEquals(
          "optional_nested_message { bb: 42 }", TextFormat.shortDebugString(optionalField, value));
    }
  
    public void testShortDebugString_unknown() {
      assertEquals(
          "5: 1 5: 0x00000002 5: 0x0000000000000003 5: \"4\" 5: { 12: 6 } 5 { 10: 5 }"
              + " 8: 1 8: 2 8: 3 15: 12379813812177893520 15: 0xabcd1234 15:"
              + " 0xabcdef1234567890",
          TextFormat.shortDebugString(makeUnknownFieldSet()));
    }
  
    public void testPrintToUnicodeString() throws Exception {
      assertEquals(
          "optional_string: \"abc\u3042efg\"\n"
              + "optional_bytes: \"\\343\\201\\202\"\n"
              + "repeated_string: \"\u3093XYZ\"\n",
          TextFormat.printToUnicodeString(
              TestAllTypes.newBuilder()
                  .setOptionalString("abc\u3042efg")
                  .setOptionalBytes(bytes(0xe3, 0x81, 0x82))
                  .addRepeatedString("\u3093XYZ")
                  .build()));
  
      // Double quotes and backslashes should be escaped
      assertEquals(
          "optional_string: \"a\\\\bc\\\"ef\\\"g\"\n",
          TextFormat.printToUnicodeString(
              TestAllTypes.newBuilder().setOptionalString("a\\bc\"ef\"g").build()));
  
      // Test escaping roundtrip
      TestAllTypes message = TestAllTypes.newBuilder().setOptionalString("a\\bc\\\"ef\"g").build();
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge(TextFormat.printToUnicodeString(message), builder);
      assertEquals(message.getOptionalString(), builder.getOptionalString());
    }
  
    public void testPrintToUnicodeStringWithNewlines() throws Exception {
      // No newlines at start and end
      assertEquals(
          "optional_string: \"test newlines\\n\\nin\\nstring\"\n",
          TextFormat.printToUnicodeString(
              TestAllTypes.newBuilder().setOptionalString("test newlines\n\nin\nstring").build()));
  
      // Newlines at start and end
      assertEquals(
          "optional_string: \"\\ntest\\nnewlines\\n\\nin\\nstring\\n\"\n",
          TextFormat.printToUnicodeString(
              TestAllTypes.newBuilder()
                  .setOptionalString("\ntest\nnewlines\n\nin\nstring\n")
                  .build()));
  
      // Strings with 0, 1 and 2 newlines.
      assertEquals(
          "optional_string: \"\"\n",
          TextFormat.printToUnicodeString(TestAllTypes.newBuilder().setOptionalString("").build()));
      assertEquals(
          "optional_string: \"\\n\"\n",
          TextFormat.printToUnicodeString(TestAllTypes.newBuilder().setOptionalString("\n").build()));
      assertEquals(
          "optional_string: \"\\n\\n\"\n",
          TextFormat.printToUnicodeString(
              TestAllTypes.newBuilder().setOptionalString("\n\n").build()));
  
      // Test escaping roundtrip
      TestAllTypes message =
          TestAllTypes.newBuilder().setOptionalString("\ntest\nnewlines\n\nin\nstring\n").build();
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge(TextFormat.printToUnicodeString(message), builder);
      assertEquals(message.getOptionalString(), builder.getOptionalString());
    }
  
    public void testPrintToUnicodeString_unknown() {
      assertEquals(
          "1: \"\\343\\201\\202\"\n",
          TextFormat.printToUnicodeString(
              UnknownFieldSet.newBuilder()
                  .addField(
                      1,
                      UnknownFieldSet.Field.newBuilder()
                          .addLengthDelimited(bytes(0xe3, 0x81, 0x82))
                          .build())
                  .build()));
    }
  
  
    public void testParseUnknownExtensions() throws Exception {
      TestUtil.TestLogHandler logHandler = new TestUtil.TestLogHandler();
      Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(TextFormat.class.getName());
      logger.addHandler(logHandler);
      // Test unknown extension can pass.
      assertParseSuccessWithUnknownExtensions("[unknown_extension]: 123");
      assertParseSuccessWithUnknownExtensions("[unknown_extension]: 123\n"
          + "[unknown_ext]: inf\n"
          + "[unknown]: 1.234");
      // Test warning messages.
      assertEquals("Input contains unknown fields and/or extensions:\n"
          + "1:2:\tprotobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.[unknown_extension]",
          logHandler.getStoredLogRecords().get(0).getMessage());
      assertEquals("Input contains unknown fields and/or extensions:\n"
          + "1:2:\tprotobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.[unknown_extension]\n"
          + "2:2:\tprotobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.[unknown_ext]\n"
          + "3:2:\tprotobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.[unknown]",
          logHandler.getStoredLogRecords().get(1).getMessage());
  
      // Test unknown field can not pass.
      assertParseErrorWithUnknownExtensions(
          "2:1: Input contains unknown fields and/or extensions:\n"
          + "1:2:\tprotobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.[unknown_extension]\n"
          + "2:1:\tprotobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.unknown_field",
          "[unknown_extension]: 1\n"
          + "unknown_field: 12345");
      assertParseErrorWithUnknownExtensions(
          "3:1: Input contains unknown fields and/or extensions:\n"
          + "1:2:\tprotobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.[unknown_extension1]\n"
          + "2:2:\tprotobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.[unknown_extension2]\n"
          + "3:1:\tprotobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.unknown_field\n"
          + "4:2:\tprotobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.[unknown_extension3]",
          "[unknown_extension1]: 1\n"
          + "[unknown_extension2]: 2\n"
          + "unknown_field: 12345\n"
          + "[unknown_extension3]: 3\n");
      assertParseErrorWithUnknownExtensions(
          "1:1: Input contains unknown fields and/or extensions:\n"
          + "1:1:\tprotobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.unknown_field1\n"
          + "2:1:\tprotobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.unknown_field2\n"
          + "3:2:\tprotobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.[unknown_extension]\n"
          + "4:1:\tprotobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.unknown_field3",
          "unknown_field1: 1\n"
          + "unknown_field2: 2\n"
          + "[unknown_extension]: 12345\n"
          + "unknown_field3: 3\n");
    }
  
    // See additional coverage in testOneofOverwriteForbidden and testMapOverwriteForbidden.
    public void testParseNonRepeatedFields() throws Exception {
      assertParseSuccessWithOverwriteForbidden("repeated_int32: 1\nrepeated_int32: 2\n");
      assertParseSuccessWithOverwriteForbidden("RepeatedGroup { a: 1 }\nRepeatedGroup { a: 2 }\n");
      assertParseSuccessWithOverwriteForbidden(
          "repeated_nested_message { bb: 1 }\nrepeated_nested_message { bb: 2 }\n");
  
      assertParseErrorWithOverwriteForbidden(
          "3:15: Non-repeated field "
              + "\"protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.optional_int32\" "
              + "cannot be overwritten.",
          "optional_int32: 1\noptional_bool: true\noptional_int32: 1\n");
      assertParseErrorWithOverwriteForbidden(
          "2:1: Non-repeated field "
              + "\"protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.optionalgroup\" "
              + "cannot be overwritten.",
          "OptionalGroup { a: 1 }\nOptionalGroup { }\n");
      assertParseErrorWithOverwriteForbidden(
          "2:1: Non-repeated field "
              + "\"protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.optional_nested_message\" "
              + "cannot be overwritten.",
          "optional_nested_message { }\noptional_nested_message { bb: 3 }\n");
      assertParseErrorWithOverwriteForbidden(
          "2:14: Non-repeated field "
              + "\"protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.default_int32\" "
              + "cannot be overwritten.",
          "default_int32: 41\n"
              + // the default value
              "default_int32: 41\n");
      assertParseErrorWithOverwriteForbidden(
          "2:15: Non-repeated field "
              + "\"protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes.default_string\" "
              + "cannot be overwritten.",
          "default_string: \"zxcv\"\ndefault_string: \"asdf\"\n");
    }
  
    public void testParseShortRepeatedFormOfRepeatedFields() throws Exception {
      assertParseSuccessWithOverwriteForbidden("repeated_foreign_enum: [FOREIGN_FOO, FOREIGN_BAR]");
      assertParseSuccessWithOverwriteForbidden("repeated_int32: [ 1, 2 ]\n");
      assertParseSuccessWithOverwriteForbidden("RepeatedGroup [{ a: 1 },{ a: 2 }]\n");
      assertParseSuccessWithOverwriteForbidden("repeated_nested_message [{ bb: 1 }, { bb: 2 }]\n");
      // See also testMapShortForm.
    }
  
    public void testParseShortRepeatedFormOfEmptyRepeatedFields() throws Exception {
      assertParseSuccessWithOverwriteForbidden("repeated_foreign_enum: []");
      assertParseSuccessWithOverwriteForbidden("repeated_int32: []\n");
      assertParseSuccessWithOverwriteForbidden("RepeatedGroup []\n");
      assertParseSuccessWithOverwriteForbidden("repeated_nested_message []\n");
      // See also testMapShortFormEmpty.
    }
  
    public void testParseShortRepeatedFormWithTrailingComma() throws Exception {
      assertParseErrorWithOverwriteForbidden(
          "1:38: Expected identifier. Found \']\'", "repeated_foreign_enum: [FOREIGN_FOO, ]\n");
      assertParseErrorWithOverwriteForbidden(
          "1:22: Couldn't parse integer: For input string: \"]\"", "repeated_int32: [ 1, ]\n");
      assertParseErrorWithOverwriteForbidden("1:25: Expected \"{\".", "RepeatedGroup [{ a: 1 },]\n");
      assertParseErrorWithOverwriteForbidden(
          "1:37: Expected \"{\".", "repeated_nested_message [{ bb: 1 }, ]\n");
      // See also testMapShortFormTrailingComma.
    }
  
    public void testParseShortRepeatedFormOfNonRepeatedFields() throws Exception {
      assertParseErrorWithOverwriteForbidden(
          "1:17: Couldn't parse integer: For input string: \"[\"", "optional_int32: [1]\n");
      assertParseErrorWithOverwriteForbidden(
          "1:17: Couldn't parse integer: For input string: \"[\"", "optional_int32: []\n");
    }
  
    // =======================================================================
    // test oneof
  
    public void testOneofTextFormat() throws Exception {
      TestOneof2.Builder builder = TestOneof2.newBuilder();
      TestUtil.setOneof(builder);
      TestOneof2 message = builder.build();
      TestOneof2.Builder dest = TestOneof2.newBuilder();
      TextFormat.merge(TextFormat.printToUnicodeString(message), dest);
      TestUtil.assertOneofSet(dest.build());
    }
  
    public void testOneofOverwriteForbidden() throws Exception {
      String input = "foo_string: \"stringvalue\" foo_int: 123";
      TestOneof2.Builder builder = TestOneof2.newBuilder();
      try {
        parserWithOverwriteForbidden.merge(input, TestUtil.getFullExtensionRegistry(), builder);
        fail("Expected parse exception.");
      } catch (TextFormat.ParseException e) {
        assertEquals(
            "1:34: Field \"protobuf_unittest.TestOneof2.foo_int\""
                + " is specified along with field \"protobuf_unittest.TestOneof2.foo_string\","
                + " another member of oneof \"foo\".",
            e.getMessage());
      }
    }
  
    public void testOneofOverwriteAllowed() throws Exception {
      String input = "foo_string: \"stringvalue\" foo_int: 123";
      TestOneof2.Builder builder = TestOneof2.newBuilder();
      defaultParser.merge(input, TestUtil.getFullExtensionRegistry(), builder);
      // Only the last value sticks.
      TestOneof2 oneof = builder.build();
      assertFalse(oneof.hasFooString());
      assertTrue(oneof.hasFooInt());
    }
  
    // =======================================================================
    // test map
  
    public void testMapTextFormat() throws Exception {
      TestMap message =
          TestMap.newBuilder()
              .putInt32ToStringField(10, "apple")
              .putInt32ToStringField(20, "banana")
              .putInt32ToStringField(30, "cherry")
              .build();
      String text = TextFormat.printToUnicodeString(message);
      {
        TestMap.Builder dest = TestMap.newBuilder();
        TextFormat.merge(text, dest);
        assertEquals(message, dest.build());
      }
      {
        TestMap.Builder dest = TestMap.newBuilder();
        parserWithOverwriteForbidden.merge(text, dest);
        assertEquals(message, dest.build());
      }
    }
  
    public void testMapShortForm() throws Exception {
      String text =
          "string_to_int32_field [{ key: 'x' value: 10 }, { key: 'y' value: 20 }]\n"
              + "int32_to_message_field "
              + "[{ key: 1 value { value: 100 } }, { key: 2 value: { value: 200 } }]\n";
      TestMap.Builder dest = TestMap.newBuilder();
      parserWithOverwriteForbidden.merge(text, dest);
      TestMap message = dest.build();
      assertEquals(2, message.getStringToInt32Field().size());
      assertEquals(2, message.getInt32ToMessageField().size());
      assertEquals(10, message.getStringToInt32Field().get("x").intValue());
      assertEquals(200, message.getInt32ToMessageField().get(2).getValue());
    }
  
    public void testMapShortFormEmpty() throws Exception {
      String text = "string_to_int32_field []\nint32_to_message_field: []\n";
      TestMap.Builder dest = TestMap.newBuilder();
      parserWithOverwriteForbidden.merge(text, dest);
      TestMap message = dest.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getStringToInt32Field().size());
      assertEquals(0, message.getInt32ToMessageField().size());
    }
  
    public void testMapShortFormTrailingComma() throws Exception {
      String text = "string_to_int32_field [{ key: 'x' value: 10 }, ]\n";
      TestMap.Builder dest = TestMap.newBuilder();
      try {
        parserWithOverwriteForbidden.merge(text, dest);
        fail("Expected parse exception.");
      } catch (TextFormat.ParseException e) {
        assertEquals("1:48: Expected \"{\".", e.getMessage());
      }
    }
  
    public void testMapOverwrite() throws Exception {
      String text =
          "int32_to_int32_field { key: 1 value: 10 }\n"
              + "int32_to_int32_field { key: 2 value: 20 }\n"
              + "int32_to_int32_field { key: 1 value: 30 }\n";
  
      {
        // With default parser, last value set for the key holds.
        TestMap.Builder builder = TestMap.newBuilder();
        defaultParser.merge(text, builder);
        TestMap map = builder.build();
        assertEquals(2, map.getInt32ToInt32Field().size());
        assertEquals(30, map.getInt32ToInt32Field().get(1).intValue());
      }
  
      {
        // With overwrite forbidden, same behavior.
        // TODO(b/29122459): Expect parse exception here.
        TestMap.Builder builder = TestMap.newBuilder();
        defaultParser.merge(text, builder);
        TestMap map = builder.build();
        assertEquals(2, map.getInt32ToInt32Field().size());
        assertEquals(30, map.getInt32ToInt32Field().get(1).intValue());
      }
    }
  
    // =======================================================================
    // test location information
  
    public void testParseInfoTreeBuilding() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
  
      Descriptor descriptor = TestAllTypes.getDescriptor();
      TextFormatParseInfoTree.Builder treeBuilder = TextFormatParseInfoTree.builder();
      // Set to allow unknown fields
      TextFormat.Parser parser =
          TextFormat.Parser.newBuilder()
              .setAllowUnknownFields(true)
              .setParseInfoTreeBuilder(treeBuilder)
              .build();
  
      final String stringData =
          "optional_int32: 1\n"
              + "optional_int64: 2\n"
              + "  optional_double: 2.4\n"
              + "repeated_int32: 5\n"
              + "repeated_int32: 10\n"
              + "optional_nested_message <\n"
              + "  bb: 78\n"
              + ">\n"
              + "repeated_nested_message <\n"
              + "  bb: 79\n"
              + ">\n"
              + "repeated_nested_message <\n"
              + "  bb: 80\n"
              + ">";
  
      parser.merge(stringData, builder);
      TextFormatParseInfoTree tree = treeBuilder.build();
  
      // Verify that the tree has the correct positions.
      assertLocation(tree, descriptor, "optional_int32", 0, 0, 0);
      assertLocation(tree, descriptor, "optional_int64", 0, 1, 0);
      assertLocation(tree, descriptor, "optional_double", 0, 2, 2);
  
      assertLocation(tree, descriptor, "repeated_int32", 0, 3, 0);
      assertLocation(tree, descriptor, "repeated_int32", 1, 4, 0);
  
      assertLocation(tree, descriptor, "optional_nested_message", 0, 5, 0);
      assertLocation(tree, descriptor, "repeated_nested_message", 0, 8, 0);
      assertLocation(tree, descriptor, "repeated_nested_message", 1, 11, 0);
  
      // Check for fields not set. For an invalid field, the location returned should be -1, -1.
      assertLocation(tree, descriptor, "repeated_int64", 0, -1, -1);
      assertLocation(tree, descriptor, "repeated_int32", 6, -1, -1);
  
      // Verify inside the nested message.
      FieldDescriptor nestedField = descriptor.findFieldByName("optional_nested_message");
  
      TextFormatParseInfoTree nestedTree = tree.getNestedTrees(nestedField).get(0);
      assertLocation(nestedTree, nestedField.getMessageType(), "bb", 0, 6, 2);
  
      // Verify inside another nested message.
      nestedField = descriptor.findFieldByName("repeated_nested_message");
      nestedTree = tree.getNestedTrees(nestedField).get(0);
      assertLocation(nestedTree, nestedField.getMessageType(), "bb", 0, 9, 2);
  
      nestedTree = tree.getNestedTrees(nestedField).get(1);
      assertLocation(nestedTree, nestedField.getMessageType(), "bb", 0, 12, 2);
  
      // Verify a NULL tree for an unknown nested field.
      try {
        tree.getNestedTree(nestedField, 2);
        fail("unknown nested field should throw");
      } catch (IllegalArgumentException unused) {
        // pass
      }
    }
  
    private void assertLocation(
        TextFormatParseInfoTree tree,
        final Descriptor descriptor,
        final String fieldName,
        int index,
        int line,
        int column) {
      List<TextFormatParseLocation> locs = tree.getLocations(descriptor.findFieldByName(fieldName));
      if (index < locs.size()) {
        TextFormatParseLocation location = locs.get(index);
        TextFormatParseLocation expected = TextFormatParseLocation.create(line, column);
        assertEquals(expected, location);
      } else if (line != -1 && column != -1) {
        fail(
            String.format(
                "Tree/descriptor/fieldname did not contain index %d, line %d column %d expected",
                index, line, column));
      }
    }
  }
  