content: // Protocol Buffers - Google's data interchange format
  // Copyright 2008 Google Inc.  All rights reserved.
  // https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/
  //
  // Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  // modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
  // met:
  //
  //     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  // notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  //     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
  // copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
  // in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
  // distribution.
  //     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
  // contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
  // this software without specific prior written permission.
  //
  // THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
  // "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
  // LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
  // A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
  // OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
  // SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
  // LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  // DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  // THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
  // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  
  package com.google.protobuf;
  
  import static java.util.Collections.emptyList;
  import static java.util.Collections.singletonList;
  
  import com.google.protobuf.FieldPresenceTestProto.TestAllTypes;
  import com.google.protobuf.UnittestImportLite.ImportEnumLite;
  import com.google.protobuf.UnittestImportPublicLite.PublicImportMessageLite;
  import com.google.protobuf.UnittestLite.ForeignEnumLite;
  import com.google.protobuf.UnittestLite.ForeignMessageLite;
  import com.google.protobuf.UnittestLite.TestAllExtensionsLite;
  import com.google.protobuf.UnittestLite.TestAllTypesLite;
  import com.google.protobuf.UnittestLite.TestAllTypesLite.NestedEnum;
  import com.google.protobuf.UnittestLite.TestAllTypesLite.NestedMessage;
  import com.google.protobuf.UnittestLite.TestAllTypesLite.OneofFieldCase;
  import com.google.protobuf.UnittestLite.TestAllTypesLite.OptionalGroup;
  import com.google.protobuf.UnittestLite.TestAllTypesLite.RepeatedGroup;
  import com.google.protobuf.UnittestLite.TestAllTypesLiteOrBuilder;
  import com.google.protobuf.UnittestLite.TestHugeFieldNumbersLite;
  import com.google.protobuf.UnittestLite.TestNestedExtensionLite;
  import map_lite_test.MapTestProto.TestMap;
  import map_lite_test.MapTestProto.TestMap.MessageValue;
  import protobuf_unittest.lite_equals_and_hash.LiteEqualsAndHash.Bar;
  import protobuf_unittest.lite_equals_and_hash.LiteEqualsAndHash.BarPrime;
  import protobuf_unittest.lite_equals_and_hash.LiteEqualsAndHash.Foo;
  import protobuf_unittest.lite_equals_and_hash.LiteEqualsAndHash.TestOneofEquals;
  import protobuf_unittest.lite_equals_and_hash.LiteEqualsAndHash.TestRecursiveOneof;
  import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
  import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
  import java.lang.reflect.Field;
  import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
  import java.util.ArrayList;
  import java.util.Arrays;
  import java.util.Iterator;
  import java.util.List;
  import junit.framework.TestCase;
  
  /**
   * Test lite runtime.
   *
   * @author kenton@google.com Kenton Varda
   */
  public class LiteTest extends TestCase {
    @Override
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
      // Test that nested extensions are initialized correctly even if the outer
      // class has not been accessed directly.  This was once a bug with lite
      // messages.
      //
      // We put this in setUp() rather than in its own test method because we
      // need to make sure it runs before any actual tests.
      assertTrue(TestNestedExtensionLite.nestedExtension != null);
    }
  
    public void testLite() throws Exception {
      // Since lite messages are a subset of regular messages, we can mostly
      // assume that the functionality of lite messages is already thoroughly
      // tested by the regular tests.  All this test really verifies is that
      // a proto with optimize_for = LITE_RUNTIME compiles correctly when
      // linked only against the lite library.  That is all tested at compile
      // time, leaving not much to do in this method.  Let's just do some random
      // stuff to make sure the lite message is actually here and usable.
  
      TestAllTypesLite message =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOptionalInt32(123)
              .addRepeatedString("hello")
              .setOptionalNestedMessage(TestAllTypesLite.NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(7))
              .build();
  
      ByteString data = message.toByteString();
  
      TestAllTypesLite message2 = TestAllTypesLite.parseFrom(data);
  
      assertEquals(123, message2.getOptionalInt32());
      assertEquals(1, message2.getRepeatedStringCount());
      assertEquals("hello", message2.getRepeatedString(0));
      assertEquals(7, message2.getOptionalNestedMessage().getBb());
    }
  
    public void testLite_unknownEnumAtListBoundary() throws Exception {
      ByteArrayOutputStream byteStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
      CodedOutputStream output = CodedOutputStream.newInstance(byteStream);
      for (int i = 0; i < AbstractProtobufList.DEFAULT_CAPACITY; i++) {
        output.writeInt32(TestAllTypesLite.REPEATED_NESTED_ENUM_FIELD_NUMBER, 1);
      }
      // 0 is not a valid enum value for NestedEnum
      output.writeInt32(TestAllTypesLite.REPEATED_NESTED_ENUM_FIELD_NUMBER, 0);
      output.flush();
      // This tests a bug we had once with removal right at the boundary of the array. It would throw
      // at runtime so no need to assert.
      TestAllTypesLite.parseFrom(new ByteArrayInputStream(byteStream.toByteArray()));
    }
  
    public void testLiteExtensions() throws Exception {
      // TODO(kenton):  Unlike other features of the lite library, extensions are
      //   implemented completely differently from the regular library.  We
      //   should probably test them more thoroughly.
  
      TestAllExtensionsLite message =
          TestAllExtensionsLite.newBuilder()
              .setExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite, 123)
              .addExtension(UnittestLite.repeatedStringExtensionLite, "hello")
              .setExtension(
                  UnittestLite.optionalNestedEnumExtensionLite, TestAllTypesLite.NestedEnum.BAZ)
              .setExtension(
                  UnittestLite.optionalNestedMessageExtensionLite,
                  TestAllTypesLite.NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(7).build())
              .build();
  
      // Test copying a message, since coping extensions actually does use a
      // different code path between lite and regular libraries, and as of this
      // writing, parsing hasn't been implemented yet.
      TestAllExtensionsLite message2 = message.toBuilder().build();
  
      assertEquals(123, (int) message2.getExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite));
      assertEquals(1, message2.getExtensionCount(UnittestLite.repeatedStringExtensionLite));
      assertEquals(1, message2.getExtension(UnittestLite.repeatedStringExtensionLite).size());
      assertEquals("hello", message2.getExtension(UnittestLite.repeatedStringExtensionLite, 0));
      assertEquals(
          TestAllTypesLite.NestedEnum.BAZ,
          message2.getExtension(UnittestLite.optionalNestedEnumExtensionLite));
      assertEquals(7, message2.getExtension(UnittestLite.optionalNestedMessageExtensionLite).getBb());
    }
  
    public void testClone() {
      TestAllTypesLite.Builder expected = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalInt32(123);
      assertEquals(expected.getOptionalInt32(), expected.clone().getOptionalInt32());
  
      TestAllExtensionsLite.Builder expected2 =
          TestAllExtensionsLite.newBuilder()
              .setExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite, 123);
      assertEquals(
          expected2.getExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite),
          expected2.clone().getExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite));
    }
  
    public void testAddAll() {
      try {
        TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addAllRepeatedBytes(null);
        fail();
      } catch (NullPointerException e) {
        // expected.
      }
    }
  
    public void testMemoization() throws Exception {
      TestAllExtensionsLite message = TestUtilLite.getAllLiteExtensionsSet();
  
      // Test serialized size is memoized
      message.memoizedSerializedSize = -1;
      int size = message.getSerializedSize();
      assertTrue(size > 0);
      assertEquals(size, message.memoizedSerializedSize);
  
      // Test hashCode is memoized
      assertEquals(0, message.memoizedHashCode);
      int hashCode = message.hashCode();
      assertTrue(hashCode != 0);
      assertEquals(hashCode, message.memoizedHashCode);
  
      // Test isInitialized is memoized
      Field memo = message.getClass().getDeclaredField("memoizedIsInitialized");
      memo.setAccessible(true);
      memo.set(message, (byte) -1);
      boolean initialized = message.isInitialized();
      assertTrue(initialized);
      // We have to cast to Byte first. Casting to byte causes a type error
      assertEquals(1, ((Byte) memo.get(message)).intValue());
    }
  
    public void testSanityCopyOnWrite() throws InvalidProtocolBufferException {
      // Since builders are implemented as a thin wrapper around a message
      // instance, we attempt to verify that we can't cause the builder to modify
      // a produced message.
  
      TestAllTypesLite.Builder builder = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder();
      TestAllTypesLite message = builder.build();
      TestAllTypesLite messageAfterBuild;
      builder.setOptionalBool(true);
      assertEquals(false, message.getOptionalBool());
      assertEquals(true, builder.getOptionalBool());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(true, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalBool());
      assertEquals(false, message.getOptionalBool());
      builder.clearOptionalBool();
      assertEquals(false, builder.getOptionalBool());
      assertEquals(true, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalBool());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalBytes(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi"));
      assertEquals(ByteString.EMPTY, message.getOptionalBytes());
      assertEquals(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi"), builder.getOptionalBytes());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi"), messageAfterBuild.getOptionalBytes());
      assertEquals(ByteString.EMPTY, message.getOptionalBytes());
      builder.clearOptionalBytes();
      assertEquals(ByteString.EMPTY, builder.getOptionalBytes());
      assertEquals(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi"), messageAfterBuild.getOptionalBytes());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalCord("hi");
      assertEquals("", message.getOptionalCord());
      assertEquals("hi", builder.getOptionalCord());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals("hi", messageAfterBuild.getOptionalCord());
      assertEquals("", message.getOptionalCord());
      builder.clearOptionalCord();
      assertEquals("", builder.getOptionalCord());
      assertEquals("hi", messageAfterBuild.getOptionalCord());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalCordBytes(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("no"));
      assertEquals(ByteString.EMPTY, message.getOptionalCordBytes());
      assertEquals(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("no"), builder.getOptionalCordBytes());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("no"), messageAfterBuild.getOptionalCordBytes());
      assertEquals(ByteString.EMPTY, message.getOptionalCordBytes());
      builder.clearOptionalCord();
      assertEquals(ByteString.EMPTY, builder.getOptionalCordBytes());
      assertEquals(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("no"), messageAfterBuild.getOptionalCordBytes());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalDouble(1);
      assertEquals(0D, message.getOptionalDouble(), 0.0);
      assertEquals(1D, builder.getOptionalDouble(), 0.0);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(1D, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalDouble(), 0.0);
      assertEquals(0D, message.getOptionalDouble(), 0.0);
      builder.clearOptionalDouble();
      assertEquals(0D, builder.getOptionalDouble(), 0.0);
      assertEquals(1D, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalDouble(), 0.0);
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalFixed32(1);
      assertEquals(0, message.getOptionalFixed32());
      assertEquals(1, builder.getOptionalFixed32());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(1, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalFixed32());
      assertEquals(0, message.getOptionalFixed32());
      builder.clearOptionalFixed32();
      assertEquals(0, builder.getOptionalFixed32());
      assertEquals(1, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalFixed32());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalFixed64(1);
      assertEquals(0L, message.getOptionalFixed64());
      assertEquals(1L, builder.getOptionalFixed64());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(1L, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalFixed64());
      assertEquals(0L, message.getOptionalFixed64());
      builder.clearOptionalFixed64();
      assertEquals(0L, builder.getOptionalFixed64());
      assertEquals(1L, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalFixed64());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalFloat(1);
      assertEquals(0F, message.getOptionalFloat(), 0.0f);
      assertEquals(1F, builder.getOptionalFloat(), 0.0f);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(1F, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalFloat(), 0.0f);
      assertEquals(0F, message.getOptionalFloat(), 0.0f);
      builder.clearOptionalFloat();
      assertEquals(0F, builder.getOptionalFloat(), 0.0f);
      assertEquals(1F, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalFloat(), 0.0f);
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalForeignEnum(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_BAR);
      assertEquals(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_FOO, message.getOptionalForeignEnum());
      assertEquals(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_BAR, builder.getOptionalForeignEnum());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_BAR, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalForeignEnum());
      assertEquals(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_FOO, message.getOptionalForeignEnum());
      builder.clearOptionalForeignEnum();
      assertEquals(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_FOO, builder.getOptionalForeignEnum());
      assertEquals(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_BAR, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalForeignEnum());
  
      message = builder.build();
      ForeignMessageLite foreignMessage = ForeignMessageLite.newBuilder().setC(1).build();
      builder.setOptionalForeignMessage(foreignMessage);
      assertEquals(ForeignMessageLite.getDefaultInstance(), message.getOptionalForeignMessage());
      assertEquals(foreignMessage, builder.getOptionalForeignMessage());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(foreignMessage, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalForeignMessage());
      assertEquals(ForeignMessageLite.getDefaultInstance(), message.getOptionalForeignMessage());
      builder.clearOptionalForeignMessage();
      assertEquals(ForeignMessageLite.getDefaultInstance(), builder.getOptionalForeignMessage());
      assertEquals(foreignMessage, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalForeignMessage());
  
      message = builder.build();
      ForeignMessageLite.Builder foreignMessageBuilder = ForeignMessageLite.newBuilder().setC(3);
      builder.setOptionalForeignMessage(foreignMessageBuilder);
      assertEquals(ForeignMessageLite.getDefaultInstance(), message.getOptionalForeignMessage());
      assertEquals(foreignMessageBuilder.build(), builder.getOptionalForeignMessage());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(foreignMessageBuilder.build(), messageAfterBuild.getOptionalForeignMessage());
      assertEquals(ForeignMessageLite.getDefaultInstance(), message.getOptionalForeignMessage());
      builder.clearOptionalForeignMessage();
      assertEquals(ForeignMessageLite.getDefaultInstance(), builder.getOptionalForeignMessage());
      assertEquals(foreignMessageBuilder.build(), messageAfterBuild.getOptionalForeignMessage());
  
      message = builder.build();
      OptionalGroup optionalGroup = OptionalGroup.newBuilder().setA(1).build();
      builder.setOptionalGroup(optionalGroup);
      assertEquals(OptionalGroup.getDefaultInstance(), message.getOptionalGroup());
      assertEquals(optionalGroup, builder.getOptionalGroup());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(optionalGroup, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalGroup());
      assertEquals(OptionalGroup.getDefaultInstance(), message.getOptionalGroup());
      builder.clearOptionalGroup();
      assertEquals(OptionalGroup.getDefaultInstance(), builder.getOptionalGroup());
      assertEquals(optionalGroup, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalGroup());
  
      message = builder.build();
      OptionalGroup.Builder optionalGroupBuilder = OptionalGroup.newBuilder().setA(3);
      builder.setOptionalGroup(optionalGroupBuilder);
      assertEquals(OptionalGroup.getDefaultInstance(), message.getOptionalGroup());
      assertEquals(optionalGroupBuilder.build(), builder.getOptionalGroup());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(optionalGroupBuilder.build(), messageAfterBuild.getOptionalGroup());
      assertEquals(OptionalGroup.getDefaultInstance(), message.getOptionalGroup());
      builder.clearOptionalGroup();
      assertEquals(OptionalGroup.getDefaultInstance(), builder.getOptionalGroup());
      assertEquals(optionalGroupBuilder.build(), messageAfterBuild.getOptionalGroup());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalInt32(1);
      assertEquals(0, message.getOptionalInt32());
      assertEquals(1, builder.getOptionalInt32());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(1, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalInt32());
      assertEquals(0, message.getOptionalInt32());
      builder.clearOptionalInt32();
      assertEquals(0, builder.getOptionalInt32());
      assertEquals(1, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalInt32());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalInt64(1);
      assertEquals(0L, message.getOptionalInt64());
      assertEquals(1L, builder.getOptionalInt64());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(1L, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalInt64());
      assertEquals(0L, message.getOptionalInt64());
      builder.clearOptionalInt64();
      assertEquals(0L, builder.getOptionalInt64());
      assertEquals(1L, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalInt64());
  
      message = builder.build();
      NestedMessage nestedMessage = NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(1).build();
      builder.setOptionalLazyMessage(nestedMessage);
      assertEquals(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance(), message.getOptionalLazyMessage());
      assertEquals(nestedMessage, builder.getOptionalLazyMessage());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(nestedMessage, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalLazyMessage());
      assertEquals(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance(), message.getOptionalLazyMessage());
      builder.clearOptionalLazyMessage();
      assertEquals(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance(), builder.getOptionalLazyMessage());
      assertEquals(nestedMessage, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalLazyMessage());
  
      message = builder.build();
      NestedMessage.Builder nestedMessageBuilder = NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(3);
      builder.setOptionalLazyMessage(nestedMessageBuilder);
      assertEquals(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance(), message.getOptionalLazyMessage());
      assertEquals(nestedMessageBuilder.build(), builder.getOptionalLazyMessage());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(nestedMessageBuilder.build(), messageAfterBuild.getOptionalLazyMessage());
      assertEquals(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance(), message.getOptionalLazyMessage());
      builder.clearOptionalLazyMessage();
      assertEquals(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance(), builder.getOptionalLazyMessage());
      assertEquals(nestedMessageBuilder.build(), messageAfterBuild.getOptionalLazyMessage());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalSfixed32(1);
      assertEquals(0, message.getOptionalSfixed32());
      assertEquals(1, builder.getOptionalSfixed32());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(1, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalSfixed32());
      assertEquals(0, message.getOptionalSfixed32());
      builder.clearOptionalSfixed32();
      assertEquals(0, builder.getOptionalSfixed32());
      assertEquals(1, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalSfixed32());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalSfixed64(1);
      assertEquals(0L, message.getOptionalSfixed64());
      assertEquals(1L, builder.getOptionalSfixed64());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(1L, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalSfixed64());
      assertEquals(0L, message.getOptionalSfixed64());
      builder.clearOptionalSfixed64();
      assertEquals(0L, builder.getOptionalSfixed64());
      assertEquals(1L, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalSfixed64());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalSint32(1);
      assertEquals(0, message.getOptionalSint32());
      assertEquals(1, builder.getOptionalSint32());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(1, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalSint32());
      builder.clearOptionalSint32();
      assertEquals(0, builder.getOptionalSint32());
      assertEquals(1, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalSint32());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalSint64(1);
      assertEquals(0L, message.getOptionalSint64());
      assertEquals(1L, builder.getOptionalSint64());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(1L, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalSint64());
      assertEquals(0L, message.getOptionalSint64());
      builder.clearOptionalSint64();
      assertEquals(0L, builder.getOptionalSint64());
      assertEquals(1L, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalSint64());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalString("hi");
      assertEquals("", message.getOptionalString());
      assertEquals("hi", builder.getOptionalString());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals("hi", messageAfterBuild.getOptionalString());
      assertEquals("", message.getOptionalString());
      builder.clearOptionalString();
      assertEquals("", builder.getOptionalString());
      assertEquals("hi", messageAfterBuild.getOptionalString());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalStringBytes(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("no"));
      assertEquals(ByteString.EMPTY, message.getOptionalStringBytes());
      assertEquals(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("no"), builder.getOptionalStringBytes());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("no"), messageAfterBuild.getOptionalStringBytes());
      assertEquals(ByteString.EMPTY, message.getOptionalStringBytes());
      builder.clearOptionalString();
      assertEquals(ByteString.EMPTY, builder.getOptionalStringBytes());
      assertEquals(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("no"), messageAfterBuild.getOptionalStringBytes());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalStringPiece("hi");
      assertEquals("", message.getOptionalStringPiece());
      assertEquals("hi", builder.getOptionalStringPiece());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals("hi", messageAfterBuild.getOptionalStringPiece());
      assertEquals("", message.getOptionalStringPiece());
      builder.clearOptionalStringPiece();
      assertEquals("", builder.getOptionalStringPiece());
      assertEquals("hi", messageAfterBuild.getOptionalStringPiece());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalStringPieceBytes(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("no"));
      assertEquals(ByteString.EMPTY, message.getOptionalStringPieceBytes());
      assertEquals(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("no"), builder.getOptionalStringPieceBytes());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("no"), messageAfterBuild.getOptionalStringPieceBytes());
      assertEquals(ByteString.EMPTY, message.getOptionalStringPieceBytes());
      builder.clearOptionalStringPiece();
      assertEquals(ByteString.EMPTY, builder.getOptionalStringPieceBytes());
      assertEquals(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("no"), messageAfterBuild.getOptionalStringPieceBytes());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalUint32(1);
      assertEquals(0, message.getOptionalUint32());
      assertEquals(1, builder.getOptionalUint32());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(1, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalUint32());
      assertEquals(0, message.getOptionalUint32());
      builder.clearOptionalUint32();
      assertEquals(0, builder.getOptionalUint32());
      assertEquals(1, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalUint32());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOptionalUint64(1);
      assertEquals(0L, message.getOptionalUint64());
      assertEquals(1L, builder.getOptionalUint64());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(1L, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalUint64());
      assertEquals(0L, message.getOptionalUint64());
      builder.clearOptionalUint64();
      assertEquals(0L, builder.getOptionalUint64());
      assertEquals(1L, messageAfterBuild.getOptionalUint64());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedBool(singletonList(true));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedBoolList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(true), builder.getRepeatedBoolList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedBoolList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedBool();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedBoolList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(true), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedBoolList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedBytes(singletonList(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi")));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedBytesList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi")), builder.getRepeatedBytesList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedBytesList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedBytes();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedBytesList());
      assertEquals(
          singletonList(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi")), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedBytesList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedCord(singletonList("hi"));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedCordList());
      assertEquals(singletonList("hi"), builder.getRepeatedCordList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedCordList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedCord();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedCordList());
      assertEquals(singletonList("hi"), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedCordList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedDouble(singletonList(1D));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedDoubleList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1D), builder.getRepeatedDoubleList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedDoubleList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedDouble();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedDoubleList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1D), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedDoubleList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedFixed32(singletonList(1));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedFixed32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), builder.getRepeatedFixed32List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedFixed32List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedFixed32();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedFixed32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedFixed32List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedFixed64(singletonList(1L));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedFixed64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), builder.getRepeatedFixed64List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedFixed64List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedFixed64();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedFixed64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedFixed64List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedFloat(singletonList(1F));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedFloatList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1F), builder.getRepeatedFloatList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedFloatList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedFloat();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedFloatList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1F), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedFloatList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedForeignEnum(singletonList(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_BAR));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedForeignEnumList());
      assertEquals(
          singletonList(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_BAR), builder.getRepeatedForeignEnumList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedForeignEnumList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedForeignEnum();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedForeignEnumList());
      assertEquals(
          singletonList(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_BAR),
          messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedForeignEnumList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedForeignMessage(singletonList(foreignMessage));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedForeignMessageList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(foreignMessage), builder.getRepeatedForeignMessageList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedForeignMessageList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedForeignMessage();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedForeignMessageList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(foreignMessage), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedForeignMessageList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedGroup(singletonList(RepeatedGroup.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedGroupList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(RepeatedGroup.getDefaultInstance()), builder.getRepeatedGroupList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedGroupList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedGroup();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedGroupList());
      assertEquals(
          singletonList(RepeatedGroup.getDefaultInstance()),
          messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedGroupList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedInt32(singletonList(1));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedInt32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), builder.getRepeatedInt32List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedInt32List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedInt32();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedInt32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedInt32List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedInt64(singletonList(1L));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedInt64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), builder.getRepeatedInt64List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedInt64List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedInt64();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedInt64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedInt64List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedLazyMessage(singletonList(nestedMessage));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedLazyMessageList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(nestedMessage), builder.getRepeatedLazyMessageList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedLazyMessageList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedLazyMessage();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedLazyMessageList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(nestedMessage), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedLazyMessageList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedSfixed32(singletonList(1));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedSfixed32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), builder.getRepeatedSfixed32List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedSfixed32List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedSfixed32();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedSfixed32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedSfixed32List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedSfixed64(singletonList(1L));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedSfixed64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), builder.getRepeatedSfixed64List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedSfixed64List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedSfixed64();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedSfixed64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedSfixed64List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedSint32(singletonList(1));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedSint32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), builder.getRepeatedSint32List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedSint32List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedSint32();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedSint32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedSint32List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedSint64(singletonList(1L));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedSint64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), builder.getRepeatedSint64List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedSint64List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedSint64();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedSint64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedSint64List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedString(singletonList("hi"));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedStringList());
      assertEquals(singletonList("hi"), builder.getRepeatedStringList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedStringList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedString();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedStringList());
      assertEquals(singletonList("hi"), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedStringList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedStringPiece(singletonList("hi"));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedStringPieceList());
      assertEquals(singletonList("hi"), builder.getRepeatedStringPieceList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedStringPieceList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedStringPiece();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedStringPieceList());
      assertEquals(singletonList("hi"), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedStringPieceList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedUint32(singletonList(1));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedUint32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), builder.getRepeatedUint32List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedUint32List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedUint32();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedUint32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedUint32List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addAllRepeatedUint64(singletonList(1L));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedUint64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), builder.getRepeatedUint64List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedUint64List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedUint64();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedUint64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedUint64List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedBool(true);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedBoolList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(true), builder.getRepeatedBoolList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedBoolList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedBool();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedBoolList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(true), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedBoolList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedBytes(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi"));
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedBytesList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi")), builder.getRepeatedBytesList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedBytesList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedBytes();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedBytesList());
      assertEquals(
          singletonList(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi")), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedBytesList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedCord("hi");
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedCordList());
      assertEquals(singletonList("hi"), builder.getRepeatedCordList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedCordList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedCord();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedCordList());
      assertEquals(singletonList("hi"), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedCordList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedDouble(1D);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedDoubleList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1D), builder.getRepeatedDoubleList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedDoubleList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedDouble();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedDoubleList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1D), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedDoubleList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedFixed32(1);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedFixed32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), builder.getRepeatedFixed32List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedFixed32List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedFixed32();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedFixed32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedFixed32List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedFixed64(1L);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedFixed64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), builder.getRepeatedFixed64List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedFixed64List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedFixed64();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedFixed64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedFixed64List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedFloat(1F);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedFloatList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1F), builder.getRepeatedFloatList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedFloatList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedFloat();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedFloatList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1F), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedFloatList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedForeignEnum(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_BAR);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedForeignEnumList());
      assertEquals(
          singletonList(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_BAR), builder.getRepeatedForeignEnumList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedForeignEnumList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedForeignEnum();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedForeignEnumList());
      assertEquals(
          singletonList(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_BAR),
          messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedForeignEnumList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedForeignMessage(foreignMessage);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedForeignMessageList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(foreignMessage), builder.getRepeatedForeignMessageList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedForeignMessageList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.removeRepeatedForeignMessage(0);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedForeignMessageList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(foreignMessage), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedForeignMessageList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedGroup(RepeatedGroup.getDefaultInstance());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedGroupList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(RepeatedGroup.getDefaultInstance()), builder.getRepeatedGroupList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedGroupList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.removeRepeatedGroup(0);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedGroupList());
      assertEquals(
          singletonList(RepeatedGroup.getDefaultInstance()),
          messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedGroupList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedInt32(1);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedInt32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), builder.getRepeatedInt32List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedInt32List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedInt32();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedInt32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedInt32List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedInt64(1L);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedInt64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), builder.getRepeatedInt64List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedInt64List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedInt64();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedInt64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedInt64List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedLazyMessage(nestedMessage);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedLazyMessageList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(nestedMessage), builder.getRepeatedLazyMessageList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedLazyMessageList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.removeRepeatedLazyMessage(0);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedLazyMessageList());
      assertEquals(singletonList(nestedMessage), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedLazyMessageList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedSfixed32(1);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedSfixed32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), builder.getRepeatedSfixed32List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedSfixed32List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedSfixed32();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedSfixed32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedSfixed32List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedSfixed64(1L);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedSfixed64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), builder.getRepeatedSfixed64List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedSfixed64List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedSfixed64();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedSfixed64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedSfixed64List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedSint32(1);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedSint32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), builder.getRepeatedSint32List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedSint32List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedSint32();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedSint32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedSint32List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedSint64(1L);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedSint64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), builder.getRepeatedSint64List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedSint64List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedSint64();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedSint64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedSint64List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedString("hi");
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedStringList());
      assertEquals(singletonList("hi"), builder.getRepeatedStringList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedStringList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedString();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedStringList());
      assertEquals(singletonList("hi"), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedStringList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedStringPiece("hi");
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedStringPieceList());
      assertEquals(singletonList("hi"), builder.getRepeatedStringPieceList());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedStringPieceList());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedStringPiece();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedStringPieceList());
      assertEquals(singletonList("hi"), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedStringPieceList());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedUint32(1);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedUint32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), builder.getRepeatedUint32List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedUint32List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedUint32();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedUint32List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedUint32List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedUint64(1L);
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedUint64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), builder.getRepeatedUint64List());
      assertEquals(emptyList(), message.getRepeatedUint64List());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      builder.clearRepeatedUint64();
      assertEquals(emptyList(), builder.getRepeatedUint64List());
      assertEquals(singletonList(1L), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedUint64List());
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedBool(true);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedBoolCount());
      builder.setRepeatedBool(0, false);
      assertEquals(true, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedBool(0));
      assertEquals(false, builder.getRepeatedBool(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedBool();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedBytes(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi"));
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedBytesCount());
      builder.setRepeatedBytes(0, ByteString.EMPTY);
      assertEquals(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi"), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedBytes(0));
      assertEquals(ByteString.EMPTY, builder.getRepeatedBytes(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedBytes();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedCord("hi");
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedCordCount());
      builder.setRepeatedCord(0, "");
      assertEquals("hi", messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedCord(0));
      assertEquals("", builder.getRepeatedCord(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedCord();
      message = builder.build();
  
      builder.addRepeatedCordBytes(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi"));
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedCordCount());
      builder.setRepeatedCord(0, "");
      assertEquals(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi"), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedCordBytes(0));
      assertEquals(ByteString.EMPTY, builder.getRepeatedCordBytes(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedCord();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedDouble(1D);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedDoubleCount());
      builder.setRepeatedDouble(0, 0D);
      assertEquals(1D, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedDouble(0), 0.0);
      assertEquals(0D, builder.getRepeatedDouble(0), 0.0);
      builder.clearRepeatedDouble();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedFixed32(1);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedFixed32Count());
      builder.setRepeatedFixed32(0, 0);
      assertEquals(1, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedFixed32(0));
      assertEquals(0, builder.getRepeatedFixed32(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedFixed32();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedFixed64(1L);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedFixed64Count());
      builder.setRepeatedFixed64(0, 0L);
      assertEquals(1L, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedFixed64(0));
      assertEquals(0L, builder.getRepeatedFixed64(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedFixed64();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedFloat(1F);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedFloatCount());
      builder.setRepeatedFloat(0, 0F);
      assertEquals(1F, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedFloat(0), 0.0f);
      assertEquals(0F, builder.getRepeatedFloat(0), 0.0f);
      builder.clearRepeatedFloat();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedForeignEnum(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_BAR);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedForeignEnumCount());
      builder.setRepeatedForeignEnum(0, ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_FOO);
      assertEquals(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_BAR, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedForeignEnum(0));
      assertEquals(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_FOO, builder.getRepeatedForeignEnum(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedForeignEnum();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedForeignMessage(foreignMessage);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedForeignMessageCount());
      builder.setRepeatedForeignMessage(0, ForeignMessageLite.getDefaultInstance());
      assertEquals(foreignMessage, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedForeignMessage(0));
      assertEquals(ForeignMessageLite.getDefaultInstance(), builder.getRepeatedForeignMessage(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedForeignMessage();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedForeignMessage(foreignMessageBuilder);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedForeignMessageCount());
      builder.setRepeatedForeignMessage(0, ForeignMessageLite.getDefaultInstance());
      assertEquals(foreignMessageBuilder.build(), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedForeignMessage(0));
      assertEquals(ForeignMessageLite.getDefaultInstance(), builder.getRepeatedForeignMessage(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedForeignMessage();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedForeignMessage(0, foreignMessage);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedForeignMessageCount());
      builder.setRepeatedForeignMessage(0, foreignMessageBuilder);
      assertEquals(foreignMessage, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedForeignMessage(0));
      assertEquals(foreignMessageBuilder.build(), builder.getRepeatedForeignMessage(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedForeignMessage();
  
      message = builder.build();
      RepeatedGroup repeatedGroup = RepeatedGroup.newBuilder().setA(1).build();
      builder.addRepeatedGroup(repeatedGroup);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedGroupCount());
      builder.setRepeatedGroup(0, RepeatedGroup.getDefaultInstance());
      assertEquals(repeatedGroup, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedGroup(0));
      assertEquals(RepeatedGroup.getDefaultInstance(), builder.getRepeatedGroup(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedGroup();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedGroup(0, repeatedGroup);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedGroupCount());
      builder.setRepeatedGroup(0, RepeatedGroup.getDefaultInstance());
      assertEquals(repeatedGroup, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedGroup(0));
      assertEquals(RepeatedGroup.getDefaultInstance(), builder.getRepeatedGroup(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedGroup();
  
      message = builder.build();
      RepeatedGroup.Builder repeatedGroupBuilder = RepeatedGroup.newBuilder().setA(3);
      builder.addRepeatedGroup(repeatedGroupBuilder);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedGroupCount());
      builder.setRepeatedGroup(0, RepeatedGroup.getDefaultInstance());
      assertEquals(repeatedGroupBuilder.build(), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedGroup(0));
      assertEquals(RepeatedGroup.getDefaultInstance(), builder.getRepeatedGroup(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedGroup();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedGroup(0, repeatedGroupBuilder);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedGroupCount());
      builder.setRepeatedGroup(0, RepeatedGroup.getDefaultInstance());
      assertEquals(repeatedGroupBuilder.build(), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedGroup(0));
      assertEquals(RepeatedGroup.getDefaultInstance(), builder.getRepeatedGroup(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedGroup();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedInt32(1);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedInt32Count());
      builder.setRepeatedInt32(0, 0);
      assertEquals(1, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedInt32(0));
      assertEquals(0, builder.getRepeatedInt32(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedInt32();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedInt64(1L);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0L, message.getRepeatedInt64Count());
      builder.setRepeatedInt64(0, 0L);
      assertEquals(1L, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedInt64(0));
      assertEquals(0L, builder.getRepeatedInt64(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedInt64();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedLazyMessage(nestedMessage);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedLazyMessageCount());
      builder.setRepeatedLazyMessage(0, NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance());
      assertEquals(nestedMessage, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedLazyMessage(0));
      assertEquals(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance(), builder.getRepeatedLazyMessage(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedLazyMessage();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedLazyMessage(0, nestedMessage);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedLazyMessageCount());
      builder.setRepeatedLazyMessage(0, NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance());
      assertEquals(nestedMessage, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedLazyMessage(0));
      assertEquals(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance(), builder.getRepeatedLazyMessage(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedLazyMessage();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedLazyMessage(nestedMessageBuilder);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedLazyMessageCount());
      builder.setRepeatedLazyMessage(0, NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance());
      assertEquals(nestedMessageBuilder.build(), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedLazyMessage(0));
      assertEquals(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance(), builder.getRepeatedLazyMessage(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedLazyMessage();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedLazyMessage(0, nestedMessageBuilder);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedLazyMessageCount());
      builder.setRepeatedLazyMessage(0, NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance());
      assertEquals(nestedMessageBuilder.build(), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedLazyMessage(0));
      assertEquals(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance(), builder.getRepeatedLazyMessage(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedLazyMessage();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedSfixed32(1);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedSfixed32Count());
      builder.setRepeatedSfixed32(0, 0);
      assertEquals(1, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedSfixed32(0));
      assertEquals(0, builder.getRepeatedSfixed32(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedSfixed32();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedSfixed64(1L);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0L, message.getRepeatedSfixed64Count());
      builder.setRepeatedSfixed64(0, 0L);
      assertEquals(1L, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedSfixed64(0));
      assertEquals(0L, builder.getRepeatedSfixed64(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedSfixed64();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedSint32(1);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedSint32Count());
      builder.setRepeatedSint32(0, 0);
      assertEquals(1, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedSint32(0));
      assertEquals(0, builder.getRepeatedSint32(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedSint32();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedSint64(1L);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0L, message.getRepeatedSint64Count());
      builder.setRepeatedSint64(0, 0L);
      assertEquals(1L, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedSint64(0));
      assertEquals(0L, builder.getRepeatedSint64(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedSint64();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedString("hi");
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0L, message.getRepeatedStringCount());
      builder.setRepeatedString(0, "");
      assertEquals("hi", messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedString(0));
      assertEquals("", builder.getRepeatedString(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedString();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedStringBytes(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi"));
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0L, message.getRepeatedStringCount());
      builder.setRepeatedString(0, "");
      assertEquals(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi"), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedStringBytes(0));
      assertEquals(ByteString.EMPTY, builder.getRepeatedStringBytes(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedString();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedStringPiece("hi");
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0L, message.getRepeatedStringPieceCount());
      builder.setRepeatedStringPiece(0, "");
      assertEquals("hi", messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedStringPiece(0));
      assertEquals("", builder.getRepeatedStringPiece(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedStringPiece();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedStringPieceBytes(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi"));
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0L, message.getRepeatedStringPieceCount());
      builder.setRepeatedStringPiece(0, "");
      assertEquals(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hi"), messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedStringPieceBytes(0));
      assertEquals(ByteString.EMPTY, builder.getRepeatedStringPieceBytes(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedStringPiece();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedUint32(1);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedUint32Count());
      builder.setRepeatedUint32(0, 0);
      assertEquals(1, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedUint32(0));
      assertEquals(0, builder.getRepeatedUint32(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedUint32();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.addRepeatedUint64(1L);
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0L, message.getRepeatedUint64Count());
      builder.setRepeatedUint64(0, 0L);
      assertEquals(1L, messageAfterBuild.getRepeatedUint64(0));
      assertEquals(0L, builder.getRepeatedUint64(0));
      builder.clearRepeatedUint64();
  
      message = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getSerializedSize());
      builder.mergeFrom(TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalBool(true).build());
      assertEquals(0, message.getSerializedSize());
      assertEquals(true, builder.build().getOptionalBool());
      builder.clearOptionalBool();
  
      message = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getSerializedSize());
      builder.mergeFrom(TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalBool(true).build());
      assertEquals(0, message.getSerializedSize());
      assertEquals(true, builder.build().getOptionalBool());
      builder.clear();
      assertEquals(0, builder.build().getSerializedSize());
  
      message = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getSerializedSize());
      builder.mergeOptionalForeignMessage(foreignMessage);
      assertEquals(0, message.getSerializedSize());
      assertEquals(foreignMessage.getC(), builder.build().getOptionalForeignMessage().getC());
      builder.clearOptionalForeignMessage();
  
      message = builder.build();
      assertEquals(0, message.getSerializedSize());
      builder.mergeOptionalLazyMessage(nestedMessage);
      assertEquals(0, message.getSerializedSize());
      assertEquals(nestedMessage.getBb(), builder.build().getOptionalLazyMessage().getBb());
      builder.clearOptionalLazyMessage();
  
      message = builder.build();
      builder.setOneofString("hi");
      assertEquals(OneofFieldCase.ONEOFFIELD_NOT_SET, message.getOneofFieldCase());
      assertEquals(OneofFieldCase.ONEOF_STRING, builder.getOneofFieldCase());
      assertEquals("hi", builder.getOneofString());
      messageAfterBuild = builder.build();
      assertEquals(OneofFieldCase.ONEOF_STRING, messageAfterBuild.getOneofFieldCase());
      assertEquals("hi", messageAfterBuild.getOneofString());
      builder.setOneofUint32(1);
      assertEquals(OneofFieldCase.ONEOF_STRING, messageAfterBuild.getOneofFieldCase());
      assertEquals("hi", messageAfterBuild.getOneofString());
      assertEquals(OneofFieldCase.ONEOF_UINT32, builder.getOneofFieldCase());
      assertEquals(1, builder.getOneofUint32());
      TestAllTypesLiteOrBuilder messageOrBuilder = builder;
      assertEquals(OneofFieldCase.ONEOF_UINT32, messageOrBuilder.getOneofFieldCase());
  
      TestAllExtensionsLite.Builder extendableMessageBuilder = TestAllExtensionsLite.newBuilder();
      TestAllExtensionsLite extendableMessage = extendableMessageBuilder.build();
      extendableMessageBuilder.setExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite, 1);
      assertFalse(extendableMessage.hasExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite));
      extendableMessage = extendableMessageBuilder.build();
      assertEquals(
          1, (int) extendableMessageBuilder.getExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite));
      assertEquals(1, (int) extendableMessage.getExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite));
      extendableMessageBuilder.setExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite, 3);
      assertEquals(
          3, (int) extendableMessageBuilder.getExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite));
      assertEquals(1, (int) extendableMessage.getExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite));
      extendableMessage = extendableMessageBuilder.build();
      assertEquals(
          3, (int) extendableMessageBuilder.getExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite));
      assertEquals(3, (int) extendableMessage.getExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite));
  
      // No extension registry, so it should be in unknown fields.
      extendableMessage = TestAllExtensionsLite.parseFrom(extendableMessage.toByteArray());
      assertFalse(extendableMessage.hasExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite));
  
      extendableMessageBuilder = extendableMessage.toBuilder();
      extendableMessageBuilder.mergeFrom(
          TestAllExtensionsLite.newBuilder()
              .setExtension(UnittestLite.optionalFixed32ExtensionLite, 11)
              .build());
  
      extendableMessage = extendableMessageBuilder.build();
      ExtensionRegistryLite registry = ExtensionRegistryLite.newInstance();
      UnittestLite.registerAllExtensions(registry);
      extendableMessage = TestAllExtensionsLite.parseFrom(extendableMessage.toByteArray(), registry);
  
      // The unknown field was preserved.
      assertEquals(3, (int) extendableMessage.getExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite));
      assertEquals(
          11, (int) extendableMessage.getExtension(UnittestLite.optionalFixed32ExtensionLite));
    }
  
    public void testBuilderMergeFromNull() throws Exception {
      try {
        TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().mergeFrom((TestAllTypesLite) null);
        fail("Expected exception");
      } catch (NullPointerException e) {
        // Pass.
      }
    }
  
    // Builder.mergeFrom() should keep existing extensions.
    public void testBuilderMergeFromWithExtensions() throws Exception {
      TestAllExtensionsLite message =
          TestAllExtensionsLite.newBuilder()
              .addExtension(UnittestLite.repeatedInt32ExtensionLite, 12)
              .build();
  
      ExtensionRegistryLite registry = ExtensionRegistryLite.newInstance();
      UnittestLite.registerAllExtensions(registry);
  
      TestAllExtensionsLite.Builder builder = TestAllExtensionsLite.newBuilder();
      builder.mergeFrom(message.toByteArray(), registry);
      builder.mergeFrom(message.toByteArray(), registry);
      TestAllExtensionsLite result = builder.build();
      assertEquals(2, result.getExtensionCount(UnittestLite.repeatedInt32ExtensionLite));
      assertEquals(12, result.getExtension(UnittestLite.repeatedInt32ExtensionLite, 0).intValue());
      assertEquals(12, result.getExtension(UnittestLite.repeatedInt32ExtensionLite, 1).intValue());
    }
  
    // Builder.mergeFrom() should keep existing unknown fields.
    public void testBuilderMergeFromWithUnknownFields() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypesLite message = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedInt32(1).build();
  
      NestedMessage.Builder builder = NestedMessage.newBuilder();
      builder.mergeFrom(message.toByteArray());
      builder.mergeFrom(message.toByteArray());
      NestedMessage result = builder.build();
      assertEquals(message.getSerializedSize() * 2, result.getSerializedSize());
    }
  
    public void testToStringDefaultInstance() throws Exception {
      assertToStringEquals("", TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance());
    }
  
    public void testToStringScalarFieldsSuffixedWithList() throws Exception {
      assertToStringEquals(
          "deceptively_named_list: 7",
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDeceptivelyNamedList(7).build());
    }
  
    public void testToStringPrimitives() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypesLite proto =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOptionalInt32(1)
              .setOptionalInt64(9223372036854775807L)
              .build();
      assertToStringEquals("optional_int32: 1\noptional_int64: 9223372036854775807", proto);
  
      proto =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOptionalBool(true)
              .setOptionalNestedEnum(TestAllTypesLite.NestedEnum.BAZ)
              .build();
      assertToStringEquals("optional_bool: true\noptional_nested_enum: BAZ", proto);
  
      proto = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalFloat(2.72f).setOptionalDouble(3.14).build();
      assertToStringEquals("optional_double: 3.14\noptional_float: 2.72", proto);
    }
  
    public void testToStringStringFields() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypesLite proto =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalString("foo\"bar\nbaz\\").build();
      assertToStringEquals("optional_string: \"foo\\\"bar\\nbaz\\\\\"", proto);
  
      proto = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalString("\u6587").build();
      assertToStringEquals("optional_string: \"\\346\\226\\207\"", proto);
    }
  
    public void testToStringNestedMessage() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypesLite proto =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOptionalNestedMessage(TestAllTypesLite.NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance())
              .build();
      assertToStringEquals("optional_nested_message {\n}", proto);
  
      proto =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOptionalNestedMessage(TestAllTypesLite.NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(7))
              .build();
      assertToStringEquals("optional_nested_message {\n  bb: 7\n}", proto);
    }
  
    public void testToStringRepeatedFields() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypesLite proto =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .addRepeatedInt32(32)
              .addRepeatedInt32(32)
              .addRepeatedInt64(64)
              .build();
      assertToStringEquals("repeated_int32: 32\nrepeated_int32: 32\nrepeated_int64: 64", proto);
  
      proto =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .addRepeatedLazyMessage(TestAllTypesLite.NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(7))
              .addRepeatedLazyMessage(TestAllTypesLite.NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(8))
              .build();
      assertToStringEquals(
          "repeated_lazy_message {\n  bb: 7\n}\nrepeated_lazy_message {\n  bb: 8\n}", proto);
    }
  
    public void testToStringForeignFields() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypesLite proto =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOptionalForeignEnum(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_BAR)
              .setOptionalForeignMessage(ForeignMessageLite.newBuilder().setC(3))
              .build();
      assertToStringEquals(
          "optional_foreign_enum: FOREIGN_LITE_BAR\noptional_foreign_message {\n  c: 3\n}", proto);
    }
  
    public void testToStringExtensions() throws Exception {
      TestAllExtensionsLite message =
          TestAllExtensionsLite.newBuilder()
              .setExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite, 123)
              .addExtension(UnittestLite.repeatedStringExtensionLite, "spam")
              .addExtension(UnittestLite.repeatedStringExtensionLite, "eggs")
              .setExtension(
                  UnittestLite.optionalNestedEnumExtensionLite, TestAllTypesLite.NestedEnum.BAZ)
              .setExtension(
                  UnittestLite.optionalNestedMessageExtensionLite,
                  TestAllTypesLite.NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(7).build())
              .build();
      assertToStringEquals(
          "[1]: 123\n[18] {\n  bb: 7\n}\n[21]: 3\n[44]: \"spam\"\n[44]: \"eggs\"", message);
    }
  
    public void testToStringUnknownFields() throws Exception {
      TestAllExtensionsLite messageWithExtensions =
          TestAllExtensionsLite.newBuilder()
              .setExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite, 123)
              .addExtension(UnittestLite.repeatedStringExtensionLite, "spam")
              .addExtension(UnittestLite.repeatedStringExtensionLite, "eggs")
              .setExtension(
                  UnittestLite.optionalNestedEnumExtensionLite, TestAllTypesLite.NestedEnum.BAZ)
              .setExtension(
                  UnittestLite.optionalNestedMessageExtensionLite,
                  TestAllTypesLite.NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(7).build())
              .build();
      TestAllExtensionsLite messageWithUnknownFields =
          TestAllExtensionsLite.parseFrom(messageWithExtensions.toByteArray());
      assertToStringEquals(
          "1: 123\n18: \"\\b\\a\"\n21: 3\n44: \"spam\"\n44: \"eggs\"", messageWithUnknownFields);
    }
  
    public void testToStringLazyMessage() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypesLite message =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOptionalLazyMessage(NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(1).build())
              .build();
      assertToStringEquals("optional_lazy_message {\n  bb: 1\n}", message);
    }
  
    public void testToStringGroup() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypesLite message =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOptionalGroup(OptionalGroup.newBuilder().setA(1).build())
              .build();
      assertToStringEquals("optional_group {\n  a: 1\n}", message);
    }
  
    public void testToStringOneof() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypesLite message = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOneofString("hello").build();
      assertToStringEquals("oneof_string: \"hello\"", message);
    }
  
    public void testToStringMapFields() throws Exception {
      TestMap message1 =
          TestMap.newBuilder()
              .putInt32ToStringField(1, "alpha")
              .putInt32ToStringField(2, "beta")
              .build();
      assertToStringEquals(
          "int32_to_string_field {\n"
              + "  key: 1\n"
              + "  value: \"alpha\"\n"
              + "}\n"
              + "int32_to_string_field {\n"
              + "  key: 2\n"
              + "  value: \"beta\"\n"
              + "}",
          message1);
  
      TestMap message2 =
          TestMap.newBuilder()
              .putInt32ToMessageField(1, MessageValue.newBuilder().setValue(10).build())
              .putInt32ToMessageField(2, MessageValue.newBuilder().setValue(20).build())
              .build();
      assertToStringEquals(
          "int32_to_message_field {\n"
              + "  key: 1\n"
              + "  value {\n"
              + "    value: 10\n"
              + "  }\n"
              + "}\n"
              + "int32_to_message_field {\n"
              + "  key: 2\n"
              + "  value {\n"
              + "    value: 20\n"
              + "  }\n"
              + "}",
          message2);
    }
  
    // Asserts that the toString() representation of the message matches the expected. This verifies
    // the first line starts with a comment; but, does not factor in said comment as part of the
    // comparison as it contains unstable addresses.
    private static void assertToStringEquals(String expected, MessageLite message) {
      String toString = message.toString();
      assertEquals('#', toString.charAt(0));
      if (toString.indexOf("\n") >= 0) {
        toString = toString.substring(toString.indexOf("\n") + 1);
      } else {
        toString = "";
      }
      assertEquals(expected, toString);
    }
  
    public void testParseLazy() throws Exception {
      ByteString bb =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOptionalLazyMessage(NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(11).build())
              .build()
              .toByteString();
      ByteString cc =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOptionalLazyMessage(NestedMessage.newBuilder().setCc(22).build())
              .build()
              .toByteString();
  
      ByteString concat = bb.concat(cc);
      TestAllTypesLite message = TestAllTypesLite.parseFrom(concat);
  
      assertEquals(11, message.getOptionalLazyMessage().getBb());
      assertEquals(22L, message.getOptionalLazyMessage().getCc());
    }
  
    public void testParseLazy_oneOf() throws Exception {
      ByteString bb =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOneofLazyNestedMessage(NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(11).build())
              .build()
              .toByteString();
      ByteString cc =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOneofLazyNestedMessage(NestedMessage.newBuilder().setCc(22).build())
              .build()
              .toByteString();
  
      ByteString concat = bb.concat(cc);
      TestAllTypesLite message = TestAllTypesLite.parseFrom(concat);
  
      assertEquals(11, message.getOneofLazyNestedMessage().getBb());
      assertEquals(22L, message.getOneofLazyNestedMessage().getCc());
    }
  
    public void testMergeFromStream_repeatedField() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypesLite.Builder builder = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedString("hello");
      builder.mergeFrom(CodedInputStream.newInstance(builder.build().toByteArray()));
  
      assertEquals(2, builder.getRepeatedStringCount());
    }
  
    public void testMergeFromStream_invalidBytes() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypesLite.Builder builder = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultBool(true);
      try {
        builder.mergeFrom(CodedInputStream.newInstance("Invalid bytes".getBytes(Internal.UTF_8)));
        fail();
      } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException expected) {
      }
    }
  
    public void testMergeFrom_sanity() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypesLite one = TestUtilLite.getAllLiteSetBuilder().build();
      byte[] bytes = one.toByteArray();
      TestAllTypesLite two = TestAllTypesLite.parseFrom(bytes);
  
      one = one.toBuilder().mergeFrom(one).build();
      two = two.toBuilder().mergeFrom(bytes).build();
      assertEquals(one, two);
      assertEquals(two, one);
      assertEquals(one.hashCode(), two.hashCode());
    }
  
    public void testMergeFromNoLazyFieldSharing() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypesLite.Builder sourceBuilder =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOptionalLazyMessage(TestAllTypesLite.NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(1));
      TestAllTypesLite.Builder targetBuilder =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().mergeFrom(sourceBuilder.build());
      assertEquals(1, sourceBuilder.getOptionalLazyMessage().getBb());
      // now change the sourceBuilder, and target value shouldn't be affected.
      sourceBuilder.setOptionalLazyMessage(TestAllTypesLite.NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(2));
      assertEquals(1, targetBuilder.getOptionalLazyMessage().getBb());
    }
  
    public void testEquals_notEqual() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypesLite one = TestUtilLite.getAllLiteSetBuilder().build();
      byte[] bytes = one.toByteArray();
      TestAllTypesLite two = one.toBuilder().mergeFrom(one).mergeFrom(bytes).build();
  
      assertFalse(one.equals(two));
      assertFalse(two.equals(one));
  
      assertFalse(one.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(one));
  
      TestAllTypesLite oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultBool(true).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultBytes(ByteString.EMPTY).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultCord("").build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultCordBytes(ByteString.EMPTY).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultDouble(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultFixed32(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultFixed64(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultFloat(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setDefaultForeignEnum(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_BAR)
              .build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultImportEnum(ImportEnumLite.IMPORT_LITE_BAR).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultInt32(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultInt64(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultNestedEnum(NestedEnum.BAR).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultSfixed32(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultSfixed64(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultSint32(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultSint64(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultString("").build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultStringBytes(ByteString.EMPTY).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultStringPiece("").build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultStringPieceBytes(ByteString.EMPTY).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultUint32(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setDefaultUint64(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedBool(true).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedBytes(ByteString.EMPTY).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedCord("").build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedCordBytes(ByteString.EMPTY).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedDouble(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedFixed32(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedFixed64(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedFloat(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .addRepeatedForeignEnum(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_BAR)
              .build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedImportEnum(ImportEnumLite.IMPORT_LITE_BAR).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedInt32(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedInt64(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedNestedEnum(NestedEnum.BAR).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedSfixed32(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedSfixed64(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedSint32(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedSint64(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedString("").build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedStringBytes(ByteString.EMPTY).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedStringPiece("").build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedStringPieceBytes(ByteString.EMPTY).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedUint32(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().addRepeatedUint64(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalBool(true).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalBytes(ByteString.EMPTY).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalCord("").build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalCordBytes(ByteString.EMPTY).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalDouble(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalFixed32(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalFixed64(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalFloat(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOptionalForeignEnum(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_BAR)
              .build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalImportEnum(ImportEnumLite.IMPORT_LITE_BAR).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalInt32(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalInt64(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalNestedEnum(NestedEnum.BAR).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalSfixed32(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalSfixed64(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalSint32(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalSint64(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalString("").build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalStringBytes(ByteString.EMPTY).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalStringPiece("").build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalStringPieceBytes(ByteString.EMPTY).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalUint32(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalUint64(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOneofBytes(ByteString.EMPTY).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOneofLazyNestedMessage(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance())
              .build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOneofNestedMessage(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance())
              .build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOneofString("").build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOneofStringBytes(ByteString.EMPTY).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOneofUint32(0).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOptionalForeignMessage(ForeignMessageLite.getDefaultInstance())
              .build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalGroup(OptionalGroup.getDefaultInstance()).build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOptionalPublicImportMessage(PublicImportMessageLite.getDefaultInstance())
              .build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
  
      oneFieldSet =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOptionalLazyMessage(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance())
              .build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
  
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
      oneFieldSet =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .addRepeatedLazyMessage(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance())
              .build();
      assertFalse(oneFieldSet.equals(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance()));
      assertFalse(TestAllTypesLite.getDefaultInstance().equals(oneFieldSet));
    }
  
    public void testEquals() throws Exception {
      // Check that two identical objs are equal.
      Foo foo1a = Foo.newBuilder().setValue(1).addBar(Bar.newBuilder().setName("foo1")).build();
      Foo foo1b = Foo.newBuilder().setValue(1).addBar(Bar.newBuilder().setName("foo1")).build();
      Foo foo2 = Foo.newBuilder().setValue(1).addBar(Bar.newBuilder().setName("foo2")).build();
  
      // Check that equals is doing value rather than object equality.
      assertEquals(foo1a, foo1b);
      assertEquals(foo1a.hashCode(), foo1b.hashCode());
  
      // Check that a diffeent object is not equal.
      assertFalse(foo1a.equals(foo2));
  
      // Check that two objects which have different types but the same field values are not
      // considered to be equal.
      Bar bar = Bar.newBuilder().setName("bar").build();
      BarPrime barPrime = BarPrime.newBuilder().setName("bar").build();
      assertFalse(bar.equals(barPrime));
    }
  
    public void testEqualsAndHashCodeForTrickySchemaTypes() {
      Foo foo1 = Foo.getDefaultInstance();
      Foo foo2 = Foo.newBuilder().setSint64(1).build();
      Foo foo3 = Foo.newBuilder().putMyMap("key", "value2").build();
      Foo foo4 = Foo.newBuilder().setMyGroup(Foo.MyGroup.newBuilder().setValue(4).build()).build();
  
      assertEqualsAndHashCodeAreFalse(foo1, foo2);
      assertEqualsAndHashCodeAreFalse(foo1, foo3);
      assertEqualsAndHashCodeAreFalse(foo1, foo4);
    }
  
    public void testOneofEquals() throws Exception {
      TestOneofEquals.Builder builder = TestOneofEquals.newBuilder();
      TestOneofEquals message1 = builder.build();
      // Set message2's name field to default value. The two messages should be different when we
      // check with the oneof case.
      builder.setName("");
      TestOneofEquals message2 = builder.build();
      assertFalse(message1.equals(message2));
    }
  
    public void testEquals_sanity() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypesLite one = TestUtilLite.getAllLiteSetBuilder().build();
      TestAllTypesLite two = TestAllTypesLite.parseFrom(one.toByteArray());
      assertEquals(one, two);
      assertEquals(one.hashCode(), two.hashCode());
  
      assertEquals(
          one.toBuilder().mergeFrom(two).build(),
          two.toBuilder().mergeFrom(two.toByteArray()).build());
    }
  
    public void testEqualsAndHashCodeWithUnknownFields() throws InvalidProtocolBufferException {
      Foo fooWithOnlyValue = Foo.newBuilder().setValue(1).build();
  
      Foo fooWithValueAndExtension =
          fooWithOnlyValue
              .toBuilder()
              .setValue(1)
              .setExtension(Bar.fooExt, Bar.newBuilder().setName("name").build())
              .build();
  
      Foo fooWithValueAndUnknownFields = Foo.parseFrom(fooWithValueAndExtension.toByteArray());
  
      assertEqualsAndHashCodeAreFalse(fooWithOnlyValue, fooWithValueAndUnknownFields);
      assertEqualsAndHashCodeAreFalse(fooWithValueAndExtension, fooWithValueAndUnknownFields);
    }
  
    public void testEqualsAndHashCodeWithExtensions() throws InvalidProtocolBufferException {
      Foo fooWithOnlyValue = Foo.newBuilder().setValue(1).build();
  
      Foo fooWithValueAndExtension =
          fooWithOnlyValue
              .toBuilder()
              .setValue(1)
              .setExtension(Bar.fooExt, Bar.newBuilder().setName("name").build())
              .build();
  
      assertEqualsAndHashCodeAreFalse(fooWithOnlyValue, fooWithValueAndExtension);
    }
  
    // Test to ensure we avoid a class cast exception with oneofs.
    public void testEquals_oneOfMessages() {
      TestAllTypesLite mine = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOneofString("Hello").build();
  
      TestAllTypesLite other =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOneofNestedMessage(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance())
              .build();
  
      assertFalse(mine.equals(other));
      assertFalse(other.equals(mine));
    }
  
    public void testHugeFieldNumbers() throws InvalidProtocolBufferException {
      TestHugeFieldNumbersLite message =
          TestHugeFieldNumbersLite.newBuilder()
              .setOptionalInt32(1)
              .addRepeatedInt32(2)
              .setOptionalEnum(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_FOO)
              .setOptionalString("xyz")
              .setOptionalMessage(ForeignMessageLite.newBuilder().setC(3).build())
              .build();
  
      TestHugeFieldNumbersLite parsedMessage =
          TestHugeFieldNumbersLite.parseFrom(message.toByteArray());
      assertEquals(1, parsedMessage.getOptionalInt32());
      assertEquals(2, parsedMessage.getRepeatedInt32(0));
      assertEquals(ForeignEnumLite.FOREIGN_LITE_FOO, parsedMessage.getOptionalEnum());
      assertEquals("xyz", parsedMessage.getOptionalString());
      assertEquals(3, parsedMessage.getOptionalMessage().getC());
    }
  
    private void assertEqualsAndHashCodeAreFalse(Object o1, Object o2) {
      assertFalse(o1.equals(o2));
      assertFalse(o1.hashCode() == o2.hashCode());
    }
  
    public void testRecursiveHashcode() {
      // This tests that we don't infinite loop.
      TestRecursiveOneof.getDefaultInstance().hashCode();
    }
  
    public void testParseFromByteBuffer() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypesLite message =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
              .setOptionalInt32(123)
              .addRepeatedString("hello")
              .setOptionalNestedMessage(TestAllTypesLite.NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(7))
              .build();
  
      TestAllTypesLite copy =
          TestAllTypesLite.parseFrom(message.toByteString().asReadOnlyByteBuffer());
  
      assertEquals(message, copy);
    }
  
    public void testParseFromByteBufferThrows() {
      try {
        TestAllTypesLite.parseFrom(ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[] {0x5}));
        fail();
      } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException expected) {
      }
  
      TestAllTypesLite message =
          TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalInt32(123).addRepeatedString("hello").build();
  
      ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(message.toByteArray(), 0, message.getSerializedSize() - 1);
      try {
        TestAllTypesLite.parseFrom(buffer);
        fail();
      } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException expected) {
        assertEquals(
            TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder().setOptionalInt32(123).build(),
            expected.getUnfinishedMessage());
      }
    }
  
    public void testParseFromByteBuffer_extensions() throws Exception {
      TestAllExtensionsLite message =
          TestAllExtensionsLite.newBuilder()
              .setExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite, 123)
              .addExtension(UnittestLite.repeatedStringExtensionLite, "hello")
              .setExtension(
                  UnittestLite.optionalNestedEnumExtensionLite, TestAllTypesLite.NestedEnum.BAZ)
              .setExtension(
                  UnittestLite.optionalNestedMessageExtensionLite,
                  TestAllTypesLite.NestedMessage.newBuilder().setBb(7).build())
              .build();
  
      ExtensionRegistryLite registry = ExtensionRegistryLite.newInstance();
      UnittestLite.registerAllExtensions(registry);
  
      TestAllExtensionsLite copy =
          TestAllExtensionsLite.parseFrom(message.toByteString().asReadOnlyByteBuffer(), registry);
  
      assertEquals(message, copy);
    }
  
    public void testParseFromByteBufferThrows_extensions() {
      ExtensionRegistryLite registry = ExtensionRegistryLite.newInstance();
      UnittestLite.registerAllExtensions(registry);
      try {
        TestAllExtensionsLite.parseFrom(ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[] {0x5}), registry);
        fail();
      } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException expected) {
      }
  
      TestAllExtensionsLite message =
          TestAllExtensionsLite.newBuilder()
              .setExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite, 123)
              .addExtension(UnittestLite.repeatedStringExtensionLite, "hello")
              .build();
  
      ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(message.toByteArray(), 0, message.getSerializedSize() - 1);
      try {
        TestAllExtensionsLite.parseFrom(buffer, registry);
        fail();
      } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException expected) {
        assertEquals(
            TestAllExtensionsLite.newBuilder()
                .setExtension(UnittestLite.optionalInt32ExtensionLite, 123)
                .build(),
            expected.getUnfinishedMessage());
      }
    }
  
    // Make sure we haven't screwed up the code generation for packing fields by default.
    public void testPackedSerialization() throws Exception {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      builder.addRepeatedInt32(4321);
      builder.addRepeatedNestedEnum(TestAllTypes.NestedEnum.BAZ);
      TestAllTypes message = builder.build();
  
      CodedInputStream in = CodedInputStream.newInstance(message.toByteArray());
  
      while (!in.isAtEnd()) {
        int tag = in.readTag();
        assertEquals(WireFormat.WIRETYPE_LENGTH_DELIMITED, WireFormat.getTagWireType(tag));
        in.skipField(tag);
      }
    }
  
    public void testAddAllIteratesOnce() {
      TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder()
          .addAllRepeatedBool(new OneTimeIterableList(false))
          .addAllRepeatedInt32(new OneTimeIterableList(0))
          .addAllRepeatedInt64(new OneTimeIterableList(0L))
          .addAllRepeatedFloat(new OneTimeIterableList(0f))
          .addAllRepeatedDouble(new OneTimeIterableList(0d))
          .addAllRepeatedBytes(new OneTimeIterableList(ByteString.EMPTY))
          .addAllRepeatedString(new OneTimeIterableList(""))
          .addAllRepeatedNestedMessage(new OneTimeIterableList(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance()))
          .addAllRepeatedBool(new OneTimeIterable(false))
          .addAllRepeatedInt32(new OneTimeIterable(0))
          .addAllRepeatedInt64(new OneTimeIterable(0L))
          .addAllRepeatedFloat(new OneTimeIterable(0f))
          .addAllRepeatedDouble(new OneTimeIterable(0d))
          .addAllRepeatedBytes(new OneTimeIterable(ByteString.EMPTY))
          .addAllRepeatedString(new OneTimeIterable(""))
          .addAllRepeatedNestedMessage(new OneTimeIterable(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance()))
          .build();
    }
  
    public void testAddAllIteratesOnce_throwsOnNull() {
      TestAllTypesLite.Builder builder = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder();
      try {
        builder.addAllRepeatedBool(new OneTimeIterableList(true, false, (Boolean) null));
        fail();
      } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
        assertEquals("Element at index 2 is null.", expected.getMessage());
        assertEquals(0, builder.getRepeatedBoolCount());
      }
  
      try {
        builder.addAllRepeatedBool(new OneTimeIterable(true, false, (Boolean) null));
        fail();
      } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
        assertEquals("Element at index 2 is null.", expected.getMessage());
        assertEquals(0, builder.getRepeatedBoolCount());
      }
  
      try {
        builder = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder();
        builder.addAllRepeatedBool(new OneTimeIterableList((Boolean) null));
        fail();
      } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
        assertEquals("Element at index 0 is null.", expected.getMessage());
        assertEquals(0, builder.getRepeatedBoolCount());
      }
  
      try {
        builder = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder();
        builder.addAllRepeatedInt32(new OneTimeIterableList((Integer) null));
        fail();
      } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
        assertEquals("Element at index 0 is null.", expected.getMessage());
        assertEquals(0, builder.getRepeatedInt32Count());
      }
  
      try {
        builder = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder();
        builder.addAllRepeatedInt64(new OneTimeIterableList((Long) null));
        fail();
      } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
        assertEquals("Element at index 0 is null.", expected.getMessage());
        assertEquals(0, builder.getRepeatedInt64Count());
      }
  
      try {
        builder = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder();
        builder.addAllRepeatedFloat(new OneTimeIterableList((Float) null));
        fail();
      } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
        assertEquals("Element at index 0 is null.", expected.getMessage());
        assertEquals(0, builder.getRepeatedFloatCount());
      }
  
      try {
        builder = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder();
        builder.addAllRepeatedDouble(new OneTimeIterableList((Double) null));
        fail();
      } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
        assertEquals("Element at index 0 is null.", expected.getMessage());
        assertEquals(0, builder.getRepeatedDoubleCount());
      }
  
      try {
        builder = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder();
        builder.addAllRepeatedBytes(new OneTimeIterableList((ByteString) null));
        fail();
      } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
        assertEquals("Element at index 0 is null.", expected.getMessage());
        assertEquals(0, builder.getRepeatedBytesCount());
      }
  
      try {
        builder = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder();
        builder.addAllRepeatedString(new OneTimeIterableList("", "", (String) null, ""));
        fail();
      } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
        assertEquals("Element at index 2 is null.", expected.getMessage());
        assertEquals(0, builder.getRepeatedStringCount());
      }
  
      try {
        builder = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder();
        builder.addAllRepeatedString(new OneTimeIterable("", "", (String) null, ""));
        fail();
      } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
        assertEquals("Element at index 2 is null.", expected.getMessage());
        assertEquals(0, builder.getRepeatedStringCount());
      }
  
      try {
        builder = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder();
        builder.addAllRepeatedString(new OneTimeIterableList((String) null));
        fail();
      } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
        assertEquals("Element at index 0 is null.", expected.getMessage());
        assertEquals(0, builder.getRepeatedStringCount());
      }
  
      try {
        builder = TestAllTypesLite.newBuilder();
        builder.addAllRepeatedNestedMessage(new OneTimeIterableList((NestedMessage) null));
        fail();
      } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
        assertEquals("Element at index 0 is null.", expected.getMessage());
        assertEquals(0, builder.getRepeatedNestedMessageCount());
      }
    }
  
    private static final class OneTimeIterableList<T> extends ArrayList<T> {
      private boolean wasIterated = false;
  
      OneTimeIterableList(T... contents) {
        addAll(Arrays.asList(contents));
      }
  
      @Override
      public Iterator<T> iterator() {
        if (wasIterated) {
          fail();
        }
        wasIterated = true;
        return super.iterator();
      }
    }
  
    private static final class OneTimeIterable<T> implements Iterable<T> {
      private final List<T> list;
      private boolean wasIterated = false;
  
      OneTimeIterable(T... contents) {
        list = Arrays.asList(contents);
      }
  
      @Override
      public Iterator<T> iterator() {
        if (wasIterated) {
          fail();
        }
        wasIterated = true;
        return list.iterator();
      }
    }
  
    public void testNullExtensionRegistry() throws Exception {
      try {
        TestAllTypesLite.parseFrom(new byte[] {}, null);
        fail();
      } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
      }
    }
  }
  