content: /*
   * Copyright (C) 2013 The Android Open Source Project
   *
   * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
   * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
   * You may obtain a copy of the License at
   *
   *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   *
   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   * limitations under the License.
   */
  
  package com.android.gallery3d.exif;
  
  import android.graphics.Bitmap;
  import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
  import android.util.SparseIntArray;
  
  import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
  import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
  import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
  import java.io.Closeable;
  import java.io.File;
  import java.io.FileInputStream;
  import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
  import java.io.FileOutputStream;
  import java.io.IOException;
  import java.io.InputStream;
  import java.io.OutputStream;
  import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
  import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
  import java.nio.ByteOrder;
  import java.nio.channels.FileChannel.MapMode;
  import java.text.DateFormat;
  import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
  import java.util.ArrayList;
  import java.util.Arrays;
  import java.util.Calendar;
  import java.util.Collection;
  import java.util.HashSet;
  import java.util.List;
  import java.util.TimeZone;
  
  /**
   * This class provides methods and constants for reading and writing jpeg file
   * metadata. It contains a collection of ExifTags, and a collection of
   * definitions for creating valid ExifTags. The collection of ExifTags can be
   * updated by: reading new ones from a file, deleting or adding existing ones,
   * or building new ExifTags from a tag definition. These ExifTags can be written
   * to a valid jpeg image as exif metadata.
   * <p>
   * Each ExifTag has a tag ID (TID) and is stored in a specific image file
   * directory (IFD) as specified by the exif standard. A tag definition can be
   * looked up with a constant that is a combination of TID and IFD. This
   * definition has information about the type, number of components, and valid
   * IFDs for a tag.
   *
   * @see ExifTag
   */
  public class ExifInterface {
      public static final int TAG_NULL = -1;
      public static final int IFD_NULL = -1;
      public static final int DEFINITION_NULL = 0;
  
      /**
       * Tag constants for Jeita EXIF 2.2
       */
  
      // IFD 0
      public static final int TAG_IMAGE_WIDTH =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0100);
      public static final int TAG_IMAGE_LENGTH =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0101); // Image height
      public static final int TAG_BITS_PER_SAMPLE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0102);
      public static final int TAG_COMPRESSION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0103);
      public static final int TAG_PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0106);
      public static final int TAG_IMAGE_DESCRIPTION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x010E);
      public static final int TAG_MAKE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x010F);
      public static final int TAG_MODEL =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0110);
      public static final int TAG_STRIP_OFFSETS =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0111);
      public static final int TAG_ORIENTATION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0112);
      public static final int TAG_SAMPLES_PER_PIXEL =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0115);
      public static final int TAG_ROWS_PER_STRIP =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0116);
      public static final int TAG_STRIP_BYTE_COUNTS =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0117);
      public static final int TAG_X_RESOLUTION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x011A);
      public static final int TAG_Y_RESOLUTION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x011B);
      public static final int TAG_PLANAR_CONFIGURATION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x011C);
      public static final int TAG_RESOLUTION_UNIT =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0128);
      public static final int TAG_TRANSFER_FUNCTION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x012D);
      public static final int TAG_SOFTWARE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0131);
      public static final int TAG_DATE_TIME =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0132);
      public static final int TAG_ARTIST =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x013B);
      public static final int TAG_WHITE_POINT =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x013E);
      public static final int TAG_PRIMARY_CHROMATICITIES =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x013F);
      public static final int TAG_Y_CB_CR_COEFFICIENTS =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0211);
      public static final int TAG_Y_CB_CR_SUB_SAMPLING =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0212);
      public static final int TAG_Y_CB_CR_POSITIONING =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0213);
      public static final int TAG_REFERENCE_BLACK_WHITE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x0214);
      public static final int TAG_COPYRIGHT =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x8298);
      public static final int TAG_EXIF_IFD =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x8769);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_IFD =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, (short) 0x8825);
      // IFD 1
      public static final int TAG_JPEG_INTERCHANGE_FORMAT =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_1, (short) 0x0201);
      public static final int TAG_JPEG_INTERCHANGE_FORMAT_LENGTH =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_1, (short) 0x0202);
      // IFD Exif Tags
      public static final int TAG_EXPOSURE_TIME =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x829A);
      public static final int TAG_F_NUMBER =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x829D);
      public static final int TAG_EXPOSURE_PROGRAM =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x8822);
      public static final int TAG_SPECTRAL_SENSITIVITY =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x8824);
      public static final int TAG_ISO_SPEED_RATINGS =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x8827);
      public static final int TAG_OECF =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x8828);
      public static final int TAG_EXIF_VERSION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9000);
      public static final int TAG_DATE_TIME_ORIGINAL =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9003);
      public static final int TAG_DATE_TIME_DIGITIZED =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9004);
      public static final int TAG_COMPONENTS_CONFIGURATION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9101);
      public static final int TAG_COMPRESSED_BITS_PER_PIXEL =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9102);
      public static final int TAG_SHUTTER_SPEED_VALUE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9201);
      public static final int TAG_APERTURE_VALUE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9202);
      public static final int TAG_BRIGHTNESS_VALUE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9203);
      public static final int TAG_EXPOSURE_BIAS_VALUE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9204);
      public static final int TAG_MAX_APERTURE_VALUE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9205);
      public static final int TAG_SUBJECT_DISTANCE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9206);
      public static final int TAG_METERING_MODE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9207);
      public static final int TAG_LIGHT_SOURCE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9208);
      public static final int TAG_FLASH =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9209);
      public static final int TAG_FOCAL_LENGTH =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x920A);
      public static final int TAG_SUBJECT_AREA =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9214);
      public static final int TAG_MAKER_NOTE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x927C);
      public static final int TAG_USER_COMMENT =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9286);
      public static final int TAG_SUB_SEC_TIME =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9290);
      public static final int TAG_SUB_SEC_TIME_ORIGINAL =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9291);
      public static final int TAG_SUB_SEC_TIME_DIGITIZED =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0x9292);
      public static final int TAG_FLASHPIX_VERSION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA000);
      public static final int TAG_COLOR_SPACE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA001);
      public static final int TAG_PIXEL_X_DIMENSION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA002);
      public static final int TAG_PIXEL_Y_DIMENSION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA003);
      public static final int TAG_RELATED_SOUND_FILE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA004);
      public static final int TAG_INTEROPERABILITY_IFD =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA005);
      public static final int TAG_FLASH_ENERGY =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA20B);
      public static final int TAG_SPATIAL_FREQUENCY_RESPONSE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA20C);
      public static final int TAG_FOCAL_PLANE_X_RESOLUTION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA20E);
      public static final int TAG_FOCAL_PLANE_Y_RESOLUTION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA20F);
      public static final int TAG_FOCAL_PLANE_RESOLUTION_UNIT =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA210);
      public static final int TAG_SUBJECT_LOCATION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA214);
      public static final int TAG_EXPOSURE_INDEX =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA215);
      public static final int TAG_SENSING_METHOD =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA217);
      public static final int TAG_FILE_SOURCE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA300);
      public static final int TAG_SCENE_TYPE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA301);
      public static final int TAG_CFA_PATTERN =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA302);
      public static final int TAG_CUSTOM_RENDERED =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA401);
      public static final int TAG_EXPOSURE_MODE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA402);
      public static final int TAG_WHITE_BALANCE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA403);
      public static final int TAG_DIGITAL_ZOOM_RATIO =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA404);
      public static final int TAG_FOCAL_LENGTH_IN_35_MM_FILE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA405);
      public static final int TAG_SCENE_CAPTURE_TYPE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA406);
      public static final int TAG_GAIN_CONTROL =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA407);
      public static final int TAG_CONTRAST =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA408);
      public static final int TAG_SATURATION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA409);
      public static final int TAG_SHARPNESS =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA40A);
      public static final int TAG_DEVICE_SETTING_DESCRIPTION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA40B);
      public static final int TAG_SUBJECT_DISTANCE_RANGE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA40C);
      public static final int TAG_IMAGE_UNIQUE_ID =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF, (short) 0xA420);
      // IFD GPS tags
      public static final int TAG_GPS_VERSION_ID =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 0);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_LATITUDE_REF =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 1);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_LATITUDE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 2);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_LONGITUDE_REF =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 3);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_LONGITUDE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 4);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_ALTITUDE_REF =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 5);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_ALTITUDE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 6);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_TIME_STAMP =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 7);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_SATTELLITES =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 8);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_STATUS =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 9);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_MEASURE_MODE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 10);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_DOP =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 11);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_SPEED_REF =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 12);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_SPEED =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 13);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_TRACK_REF =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 14);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_TRACK =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 15);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_IMG_DIRECTION_REF =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 16);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_IMG_DIRECTION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 17);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_MAP_DATUM =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 18);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_DEST_LATITUDE_REF =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 19);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_DEST_LATITUDE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 20);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_DEST_LONGITUDE_REF =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 21);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_DEST_LONGITUDE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 22);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_DEST_BEARING_REF =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 23);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_DEST_BEARING =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 24);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_DEST_DISTANCE_REF =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 25);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_DEST_DISTANCE =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 26);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_PROCESSING_METHOD =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 27);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_AREA_INFORMATION =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 28);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_DATE_STAMP =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 29);
      public static final int TAG_GPS_DIFFERENTIAL =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS, (short) 30);
      // IFD Interoperability tags
      public static final int TAG_INTEROPERABILITY_INDEX =
          defineTag(IfdId.TYPE_IFD_INTEROPERABILITY, (short) 1);
  
      /**
       * Tags that contain offset markers. These are included in the banned
       * defines.
       */
      private static HashSet<Short> sOffsetTags = new HashSet<Short>();
      static {
          sOffsetTags.add(getTrueTagKey(TAG_GPS_IFD));
          sOffsetTags.add(getTrueTagKey(TAG_EXIF_IFD));
          sOffsetTags.add(getTrueTagKey(TAG_JPEG_INTERCHANGE_FORMAT));
          sOffsetTags.add(getTrueTagKey(TAG_INTEROPERABILITY_IFD));
          sOffsetTags.add(getTrueTagKey(TAG_STRIP_OFFSETS));
      }
  
      /**
       * Tags with definitions that cannot be overridden (banned defines).
       */
      protected static HashSet<Short> sBannedDefines = new HashSet<Short>(sOffsetTags);
      static {
          sBannedDefines.add(getTrueTagKey(TAG_NULL));
          sBannedDefines.add(getTrueTagKey(TAG_JPEG_INTERCHANGE_FORMAT_LENGTH));
          sBannedDefines.add(getTrueTagKey(TAG_STRIP_BYTE_COUNTS));
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the constant representing a tag with a given TID and default IFD.
       */
      public static int defineTag(int ifdId, short tagId) {
          return (tagId & 0x0000ffff) | (ifdId << 16);
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the TID for a tag constant.
       */
      public static short getTrueTagKey(int tag) {
          // Truncate
          return (short) tag;
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the default IFD for a tag constant.
       */
      public static int getTrueIfd(int tag) {
          return tag >>> 16;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_ORIENTATION}. They can be interpreted as
       * follows:
       * <ul>
       * <li>TOP_LEFT is the normal orientation.</li>
       * <li>TOP_RIGHT is a left-right mirror.</li>
       * <li>BOTTOM_LEFT is a 180 degree rotation.</li>
       * <li>BOTTOM_RIGHT is a top-bottom mirror.</li>
       * <li>LEFT_TOP is mirrored about the top-left<->bottom-right axis.</li>
       * <li>RIGHT_TOP is a 90 degree clockwise rotation.</li>
       * <li>LEFT_BOTTOM is mirrored about the top-right<->bottom-left axis.</li>
       * <li>RIGHT_BOTTOM is a 270 degree clockwise rotation.</li>
       * </ul>
       */
      public static interface Orientation {
          public static final short TOP_LEFT = 1;
          public static final short TOP_RIGHT = 2;
          public static final short BOTTOM_LEFT = 3;
          public static final short BOTTOM_RIGHT = 4;
          public static final short LEFT_TOP = 5;
          public static final short RIGHT_TOP = 6;
          public static final short LEFT_BOTTOM = 7;
          public static final short RIGHT_BOTTOM = 8;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_Y_CB_CR_POSITIONING}
       */
      public static interface YCbCrPositioning {
          public static final short CENTERED = 1;
          public static final short CO_SITED = 2;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_COMPRESSION}
       */
      public static interface Compression {
          public static final short UNCOMPRESSION = 1;
          public static final short JPEG = 6;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_RESOLUTION_UNIT}
       */
      public static interface ResolutionUnit {
          public static final short INCHES = 2;
          public static final short CENTIMETERS = 3;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION}
       */
      public static interface PhotometricInterpretation {
          public static final short RGB = 2;
          public static final short YCBCR = 6;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_PLANAR_CONFIGURATION}
       */
      public static interface PlanarConfiguration {
          public static final short CHUNKY = 1;
          public static final short PLANAR = 2;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_EXPOSURE_PROGRAM}
       */
      public static interface ExposureProgram {
          public static final short NOT_DEFINED = 0;
          public static final short MANUAL = 1;
          public static final short NORMAL_PROGRAM = 2;
          public static final short APERTURE_PRIORITY = 3;
          public static final short SHUTTER_PRIORITY = 4;
          public static final short CREATIVE_PROGRAM = 5;
          public static final short ACTION_PROGRAM = 6;
          public static final short PROTRAIT_MODE = 7;
          public static final short LANDSCAPE_MODE = 8;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_METERING_MODE}
       */
      public static interface MeteringMode {
          public static final short UNKNOWN = 0;
          public static final short AVERAGE = 1;
          public static final short CENTER_WEIGHTED_AVERAGE = 2;
          public static final short SPOT = 3;
          public static final short MULTISPOT = 4;
          public static final short PATTERN = 5;
          public static final short PARTAIL = 6;
          public static final short OTHER = 255;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_FLASH} As the definition in Jeita EXIF 2.2
       * standard, we can treat this constant as bitwise flag.
       * <p>
       * e.g.
       * <p>
       * short flash = FIRED | RETURN_STROBE_RETURN_LIGHT_DETECTED |
       * MODE_AUTO_MODE
       */
      public static interface Flash {
          // LSB
          public static final short DID_NOT_FIRED = 0;
          public static final short FIRED = 1;
          // 1st~2nd bits
          public static final short RETURN_NO_STROBE_RETURN_DETECTION_FUNCTION = 0 << 1;
          public static final short RETURN_STROBE_RETURN_LIGHT_NOT_DETECTED = 2 << 1;
          public static final short RETURN_STROBE_RETURN_LIGHT_DETECTED = 3 << 1;
          // 3rd~4th bits
          public static final short MODE_UNKNOWN = 0 << 3;
          public static final short MODE_COMPULSORY_FLASH_FIRING = 1 << 3;
          public static final short MODE_COMPULSORY_FLASH_SUPPRESSION = 2 << 3;
          public static final short MODE_AUTO_MODE = 3 << 3;
          // 5th bit
          public static final short FUNCTION_PRESENT = 0 << 5;
          public static final short FUNCTION_NO_FUNCTION = 1 << 5;
          // 6th bit
          public static final short RED_EYE_REDUCTION_NO_OR_UNKNOWN = 0 << 6;
          public static final short RED_EYE_REDUCTION_SUPPORT = 1 << 6;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_COLOR_SPACE}
       */
      public static interface ColorSpace {
          public static final short SRGB = 1;
          public static final short UNCALIBRATED = (short) 0xFFFF;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_EXPOSURE_MODE}
       */
      public static interface ExposureMode {
          public static final short AUTO_EXPOSURE = 0;
          public static final short MANUAL_EXPOSURE = 1;
          public static final short AUTO_BRACKET = 2;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_WHITE_BALANCE}
       */
      public static interface WhiteBalance {
          public static final short AUTO = 0;
          public static final short MANUAL = 1;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_SCENE_CAPTURE_TYPE}
       */
      public static interface SceneCapture {
          public static final short STANDARD = 0;
          public static final short LANDSCAPE = 1;
          public static final short PROTRAIT = 2;
          public static final short NIGHT_SCENE = 3;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_COMPONENTS_CONFIGURATION}
       */
      public static interface ComponentsConfiguration {
          public static final short NOT_EXIST = 0;
          public static final short Y = 1;
          public static final short CB = 2;
          public static final short CR = 3;
          public static final short R = 4;
          public static final short G = 5;
          public static final short B = 6;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_LIGHT_SOURCE}
       */
      public static interface LightSource {
          public static final short UNKNOWN = 0;
          public static final short DAYLIGHT = 1;
          public static final short FLUORESCENT = 2;
          public static final short TUNGSTEN = 3;
          public static final short FLASH = 4;
          public static final short FINE_WEATHER = 9;
          public static final short CLOUDY_WEATHER = 10;
          public static final short SHADE = 11;
          public static final short DAYLIGHT_FLUORESCENT = 12;
          public static final short DAY_WHITE_FLUORESCENT = 13;
          public static final short COOL_WHITE_FLUORESCENT = 14;
          public static final short WHITE_FLUORESCENT = 15;
          public static final short STANDARD_LIGHT_A = 17;
          public static final short STANDARD_LIGHT_B = 18;
          public static final short STANDARD_LIGHT_C = 19;
          public static final short D55 = 20;
          public static final short D65 = 21;
          public static final short D75 = 22;
          public static final short D50 = 23;
          public static final short ISO_STUDIO_TUNGSTEN = 24;
          public static final short OTHER = 255;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_SENSING_METHOD}
       */
      public static interface SensingMethod {
          public static final short NOT_DEFINED = 1;
          public static final short ONE_CHIP_COLOR = 2;
          public static final short TWO_CHIP_COLOR = 3;
          public static final short THREE_CHIP_COLOR = 4;
          public static final short COLOR_SEQUENTIAL_AREA = 5;
          public static final short TRILINEAR = 7;
          public static final short COLOR_SEQUENTIAL_LINEAR = 8;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_FILE_SOURCE}
       */
      public static interface FileSource {
          public static final short DSC = 3;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_SCENE_TYPE}
       */
      public static interface SceneType {
          public static final short DIRECT_PHOTOGRAPHED = 1;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_GAIN_CONTROL}
       */
      public static interface GainControl {
          public static final short NONE = 0;
          public static final short LOW_UP = 1;
          public static final short HIGH_UP = 2;
          public static final short LOW_DOWN = 3;
          public static final short HIGH_DOWN = 4;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_CONTRAST}
       */
      public static interface Contrast {
          public static final short NORMAL = 0;
          public static final short SOFT = 1;
          public static final short HARD = 2;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_SATURATION}
       */
      public static interface Saturation {
          public static final short NORMAL = 0;
          public static final short LOW = 1;
          public static final short HIGH = 2;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_SHARPNESS}
       */
      public static interface Sharpness {
          public static final short NORMAL = 0;
          public static final short SOFT = 1;
          public static final short HARD = 2;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_SUBJECT_DISTANCE}
       */
      public static interface SubjectDistance {
          public static final short UNKNOWN = 0;
          public static final short MACRO = 1;
          public static final short CLOSE_VIEW = 2;
          public static final short DISTANT_VIEW = 3;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_GPS_LATITUDE_REF},
       * {@link TAG_GPS_DEST_LATITUDE_REF}
       */
      public static interface GpsLatitudeRef {
          public static final String NORTH = "N";
          public static final String SOUTH = "S";
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_GPS_LONGITUDE_REF},
       * {@link TAG_GPS_DEST_LONGITUDE_REF}
       */
      public static interface GpsLongitudeRef {
          public static final String EAST = "E";
          public static final String WEST = "W";
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_GPS_ALTITUDE_REF}
       */
      public static interface GpsAltitudeRef {
          public static final short SEA_LEVEL = 0;
          public static final short SEA_LEVEL_NEGATIVE = 1;
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_GPS_STATUS}
       */
      public static interface GpsStatus {
          public static final String IN_PROGRESS = "A";
          public static final String INTEROPERABILITY = "V";
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_GPS_MEASURE_MODE}
       */
      public static interface GpsMeasureMode {
          public static final String MODE_2_DIMENSIONAL = "2";
          public static final String MODE_3_DIMENSIONAL = "3";
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_GPS_SPEED_REF},
       * {@link TAG_GPS_DEST_DISTANCE_REF}
       */
      public static interface GpsSpeedRef {
          public static final String KILOMETERS = "K";
          public static final String MILES = "M";
          public static final String KNOTS = "N";
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_GPS_TRACK_REF},
       * {@link TAG_GPS_IMG_DIRECTION_REF}, {@link TAG_GPS_DEST_BEARING_REF}
       */
      public static interface GpsTrackRef {
          public static final String TRUE_DIRECTION = "T";
          public static final String MAGNETIC_DIRECTION = "M";
      }
  
      /**
       * Constants for {@link TAG_GPS_DIFFERENTIAL}
       */
      public static interface GpsDifferential {
          public static final short WITHOUT_DIFFERENTIAL_CORRECTION = 0;
          public static final short DIFFERENTIAL_CORRECTION_APPLIED = 1;
      }
  
      private static final String NULL_ARGUMENT_STRING = "Argument is null";
      private ExifData mData = new ExifData(DEFAULT_BYTE_ORDER);
      public static final ByteOrder DEFAULT_BYTE_ORDER = ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN;
  
      public ExifInterface() {
          mGPSDateStampFormat.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("UTC"));
      }
  
      /**
       * Reads the exif tags from a byte array, clearing this ExifInterface
       * object's existing exif tags.
       *
       * @param jpeg a byte array containing a jpeg compressed image.
       * @throws IOException
       */
      public void readExif(byte[] jpeg) throws IOException {
          readExif(new ByteArrayInputStream(jpeg));
      }
  
      /**
       * Reads the exif tags from an InputStream, clearing this ExifInterface
       * object's existing exif tags.
       *
       * @param inStream an InputStream containing a jpeg compressed image.
       * @throws IOException
       */
      public void readExif(InputStream inStream) throws IOException {
          if (inStream == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException(NULL_ARGUMENT_STRING);
          }
          ExifData d = null;
          try {
              d = new ExifReader(this).read(inStream);
          } catch (ExifInvalidFormatException e) {
              throw new IOException("Invalid exif format : " + e);
          }
          mData = d;
      }
  
      /**
       * Reads the exif tags from a file, clearing this ExifInterface object's
       * existing exif tags.
       *
       * @param inFileName a string representing the filepath to jpeg file.
       * @throws FileNotFoundException
       * @throws IOException
       */
      public void readExif(String inFileName) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
          if (inFileName == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException(NULL_ARGUMENT_STRING);
          }
          InputStream is = null;
          try {
              is = (InputStream) new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(inFileName));
              readExif(is);
          } catch (IOException e) {
              closeSilently(is);
              throw e;
          }
          is.close();
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the exif tags, clearing this ExifInterface object's existing exif
       * tags.
       *
       * @param tags a collection of exif tags to set.
       */
      public void setExif(Collection<ExifTag> tags) {
          clearExif();
          setTags(tags);
      }
  
      /**
       * Clears this ExifInterface object's existing exif tags.
       */
      public void clearExif() {
          mData = new ExifData(DEFAULT_BYTE_ORDER);
      }
  
      /**
       * Writes the tags from this ExifInterface object into a jpeg image,
       * removing prior exif tags.
       *
       * @param jpeg a byte array containing a jpeg compressed image.
       * @param exifOutStream an OutputStream to which the jpeg image with added
       *            exif tags will be written.
       * @throws IOException
       */
      public void writeExif(byte[] jpeg, OutputStream exifOutStream) throws IOException {
          if (jpeg == null || exifOutStream == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException(NULL_ARGUMENT_STRING);
          }
          OutputStream s = getExifWriterStream(exifOutStream);
          s.write(jpeg, 0, jpeg.length);
          s.flush();
      }
  
      /**
       * Writes the tags from this ExifInterface object into a jpeg compressed
       * bitmap, removing prior exif tags.
       *
       * @param bmap a bitmap to compress and write exif into.
       * @param exifOutStream the OutputStream to which the jpeg image with added
       *            exif tags will be written.
       * @throws IOException
       */
      public void writeExif(Bitmap bmap, OutputStream exifOutStream) throws IOException {
          if (bmap == null || exifOutStream == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException(NULL_ARGUMENT_STRING);
          }
          OutputStream s = getExifWriterStream(exifOutStream);
          bmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 90, s);
          s.flush();
      }
  
      /**
       * Writes the tags from this ExifInterface object into a jpeg stream,
       * removing prior exif tags.
       *
       * @param jpegStream an InputStream containing a jpeg compressed image.
       * @param exifOutStream an OutputStream to which the jpeg image with added
       *            exif tags will be written.
       * @throws IOException
       */
      public void writeExif(InputStream jpegStream, OutputStream exifOutStream) throws IOException {
          if (jpegStream == null || exifOutStream == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException(NULL_ARGUMENT_STRING);
          }
          OutputStream s = getExifWriterStream(exifOutStream);
          doExifStreamIO(jpegStream, s);
          s.flush();
      }
  
      /**
       * Writes the tags from this ExifInterface object into a jpeg image,
       * removing prior exif tags.
       *
       * @param jpeg a byte array containing a jpeg compressed image.
       * @param exifOutFileName a String containing the filepath to which the jpeg
       *            image with added exif tags will be written.
       * @throws FileNotFoundException
       * @throws IOException
       */
      public void writeExif(byte[] jpeg, String exifOutFileName) throws FileNotFoundException,
              IOException {
          if (jpeg == null || exifOutFileName == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException(NULL_ARGUMENT_STRING);
          }
          OutputStream s = null;
          try {
              s = getExifWriterStream(exifOutFileName);
              s.write(jpeg, 0, jpeg.length);
              s.flush();
          } catch (IOException e) {
              closeSilently(s);
              throw e;
          }
          s.close();
      }
  
      /**
       * Writes the tags from this ExifInterface object into a jpeg compressed
       * bitmap, removing prior exif tags.
       *
       * @param bmap a bitmap to compress and write exif into.
       * @param exifOutFileName a String containing the filepath to which the jpeg
       *            image with added exif tags will be written.
       * @throws FileNotFoundException
       * @throws IOException
       */
      public void writeExif(Bitmap bmap, String exifOutFileName) throws FileNotFoundException,
              IOException {
          if (bmap == null || exifOutFileName == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException(NULL_ARGUMENT_STRING);
          }
          OutputStream s = null;
          try {
              s = getExifWriterStream(exifOutFileName);
              bmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 90, s);
              s.flush();
          } catch (IOException e) {
              closeSilently(s);
              throw e;
          }
          s.close();
      }
  
      /**
       * Writes the tags from this ExifInterface object into a jpeg stream,
       * removing prior exif tags.
       *
       * @param jpegStream an InputStream containing a jpeg compressed image.
       * @param exifOutFileName a String containing the filepath to which the jpeg
       *            image with added exif tags will be written.
       * @throws FileNotFoundException
       * @throws IOException
       */
      public void writeExif(InputStream jpegStream, String exifOutFileName)
              throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
          if (jpegStream == null || exifOutFileName == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException(NULL_ARGUMENT_STRING);
          }
          OutputStream s = null;
          try {
              s = getExifWriterStream(exifOutFileName);
              doExifStreamIO(jpegStream, s);
              s.flush();
          } catch (IOException e) {
              closeSilently(s);
              throw e;
          }
          s.close();
      }
  
      /**
       * Writes the tags from this ExifInterface object into a jpeg file, removing
       * prior exif tags.
       *
       * @param jpegFileName a String containing the filepath for a jpeg file.
       * @param exifOutFileName a String containing the filepath to which the jpeg
       *            image with added exif tags will be written.
       * @throws FileNotFoundException
       * @throws IOException
       */
      public void writeExif(String jpegFileName, String exifOutFileName)
              throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
          if (jpegFileName == null || exifOutFileName == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException(NULL_ARGUMENT_STRING);
          }
          InputStream is = null;
          try {
              is = new FileInputStream(jpegFileName);
              writeExif(is, exifOutFileName);
          } catch (IOException e) {
              closeSilently(is);
              throw e;
          }
          is.close();
      }
  
      /**
       * Wraps an OutputStream object with an ExifOutputStream. Exif tags in this
       * ExifInterface object will be added to a jpeg image written to this
       * stream, removing prior exif tags. Other methods of this ExifInterface
       * object should not be called until the returned OutputStream has been
       * closed.
       *
       * @param outStream an OutputStream to wrap.
       * @return an OutputStream that wraps the outStream parameter, and adds exif
       *         metadata. A jpeg image should be written to this stream.
       */
      public OutputStream getExifWriterStream(OutputStream outStream) {
          if (outStream == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException(NULL_ARGUMENT_STRING);
          }
          ExifOutputStream eos = new ExifOutputStream(outStream, this);
          eos.setExifData(mData);
          return eos;
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns an OutputStream object that writes to a file. Exif tags in this
       * ExifInterface object will be added to a jpeg image written to this
       * stream, removing prior exif tags. Other methods of this ExifInterface
       * object should not be called until the returned OutputStream has been
       * closed.
       *
       * @param exifOutFileName an String containing a filepath for a jpeg file.
       * @return an OutputStream that writes to the exifOutFileName file, and adds
       *         exif metadata. A jpeg image should be written to this stream.
       * @throws FileNotFoundException
       */
      public OutputStream getExifWriterStream(String exifOutFileName) throws FileNotFoundException {
          if (exifOutFileName == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException(NULL_ARGUMENT_STRING);
          }
          OutputStream out = null;
          try {
              out = (OutputStream) new FileOutputStream(exifOutFileName);
          } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
              closeSilently(out);
              throw e;
          }
          return getExifWriterStream(out);
      }
  
      /**
       * Attempts to do an in-place rewrite the exif metadata in a file for the
       * given tags. If tags do not exist or do not have the same size as the
       * existing exif tags, this method will fail.
       *
       * @param filename a String containing a filepath for a jpeg file with exif
       *            tags to rewrite.
       * @param tags tags that will be written into the jpeg file over existing
       *            tags if possible.
       * @return true if success, false if could not overwrite. If false, no
       *         changes are made to the file.
       * @throws FileNotFoundException
       * @throws IOException
       */
      public boolean rewriteExif(String filename, Collection<ExifTag> tags)
              throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
          RandomAccessFile file = null;
          InputStream is = null;
          boolean ret;
          try {
              File temp = new File(filename);
              is = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(temp));
  
              // Parse beginning of APP1 in exif to find size of exif header.
              ExifParser parser = null;
              try {
                  parser = ExifParser.parse(is, this);
              } catch (ExifInvalidFormatException e) {
                  throw new IOException("Invalid exif format : ", e);
              }
              long exifSize = parser.getOffsetToExifEndFromSOF();
  
              // Free up resources
              is.close();
              is = null;
  
              // Open file for memory mapping.
              file = new RandomAccessFile(temp, "rw");
              long fileLength = file.length();
              if (fileLength < exifSize) {
                  throw new IOException("Filesize changed during operation");
              }
  
              // Map only exif header into memory.
              ByteBuffer buf = file.getChannel().map(MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, exifSize);
  
              // Attempt to overwrite tag values without changing lengths (avoids
              // file copy).
              ret = rewriteExif(buf, tags);
          } catch (IOException e) {
              closeSilently(file);
              throw e;
          } finally {
              closeSilently(is);
          }
          file.close();
          return ret;
      }
  
      /**
       * Attempts to do an in-place rewrite the exif metadata in a ByteBuffer for
       * the given tags. If tags do not exist or do not have the same size as the
       * existing exif tags, this method will fail.
       *
       * @param buf a ByteBuffer containing a jpeg file with existing exif tags to
       *            rewrite.
       * @param tags tags that will be written into the jpeg ByteBuffer over
       *            existing tags if possible.
       * @return true if success, false if could not overwrite. If false, no
       *         changes are made to the ByteBuffer.
       * @throws IOException
       */
      public boolean rewriteExif(ByteBuffer buf, Collection<ExifTag> tags) throws IOException {
          ExifModifier mod = null;
          try {
              mod = new ExifModifier(buf, this);
              for (ExifTag t : tags) {
                  mod.modifyTag(t);
              }
              return mod.commit();
          } catch (ExifInvalidFormatException e) {
              throw new IOException("Invalid exif format : " + e);
          }
      }
  
      /**
       * Attempts to do an in-place rewrite of the exif metadata. If this fails,
       * fall back to overwriting file. This preserves tags that are not being
       * rewritten.
       *
       * @param filename a String containing a filepath for a jpeg file.
       * @param tags tags that will be written into the jpeg file over existing
       *            tags if possible.
       * @throws FileNotFoundException
       * @throws IOException
       * @see #rewriteExif
       */
      public void forceRewriteExif(String filename, Collection<ExifTag> tags)
              throws FileNotFoundException,
              IOException {
          // Attempt in-place write
          if (!rewriteExif(filename, tags)) {
              // Fall back to doing a copy
              ExifData tempData = mData;
              mData = new ExifData(DEFAULT_BYTE_ORDER);
              FileInputStream is = null;
              ByteArrayOutputStream bytes = null;
              try {
                  is = new FileInputStream(filename);
                  bytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                  doExifStreamIO(is, bytes);
                  byte[] imageBytes = bytes.toByteArray();
                  readExif(imageBytes);
                  setTags(tags);
                  writeExif(imageBytes, filename);
              } catch (IOException e) {
                  closeSilently(is);
                  throw e;
              } finally {
                  is.close();
                  // Prevent clobbering of mData
                  mData = tempData;
              }
          }
      }
  
      /**
       * Attempts to do an in-place rewrite of the exif metadata using the tags in
       * this ExifInterface object. If this fails, fall back to overwriting file.
       * This preserves tags that are not being rewritten.
       *
       * @param filename a String containing a filepath for a jpeg file.
       * @throws FileNotFoundException
       * @throws IOException
       * @see #rewriteExif
       */
      public void forceRewriteExif(String filename) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
          forceRewriteExif(filename, getAllTags());
      }
  
      /**
       * Get the exif tags in this ExifInterface object or null if none exist.
       *
       * @return a List of {@link ExifTag}s.
       */
      public List<ExifTag> getAllTags() {
          return mData.getAllTags();
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns a list of ExifTags that share a TID (which can be obtained by
       * calling {@link #getTrueTagKey} on a defined tag constant) or null if none
       * exist.
       *
       * @param tagId a TID as defined in the exif standard (or with
       *            {@link #defineTag}).
       * @return a List of {@link ExifTag}s.
       */
      public List<ExifTag> getTagsForTagId(short tagId) {
          return mData.getAllTagsForTagId(tagId);
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns a list of ExifTags that share an IFD (which can be obtained by
       * calling {@link #getTrueIFD} on a defined tag constant) or null if none
       * exist.
       *
       * @param ifdId an IFD as defined in the exif standard (or with
       *            {@link #defineTag}).
       * @return a List of {@link ExifTag}s.
       */
      public List<ExifTag> getTagsForIfdId(int ifdId) {
          return mData.getAllTagsForIfd(ifdId);
      }
  
      /**
       * Gets an ExifTag for an IFD other than the tag's default.
       *
       * @see #getTag
       */
      public ExifTag getTag(int tagId, int ifdId) {
          if (!ExifTag.isValidIfd(ifdId)) {
              return null;
          }
          return mData.getTag(getTrueTagKey(tagId), ifdId);
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the ExifTag in that tag's default IFD for a defined tag constant
       * or null if none exists.
       *
       * @param tagId a defined tag constant, e.g. {@link #TAG_IMAGE_WIDTH}.
       * @return an {@link ExifTag} or null if none exists.
       */
      public ExifTag getTag(int tagId) {
          int ifdId = getDefinedTagDefaultIfd(tagId);
          return getTag(tagId, ifdId);
      }
  
      /**
       * Gets a tag value for an IFD other than the tag's default.
       *
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public Object getTagValue(int tagId, int ifdId) {
          ExifTag t = getTag(tagId, ifdId);
          return (t == null) ? null : t.getValue();
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the value of the ExifTag in that tag's default IFD for a defined
       * tag constant or null if none exists or the value could not be cast into
       * the return type.
       *
       * @param tagId a defined tag constant, e.g. {@link #TAG_IMAGE_WIDTH}.
       * @return the value of the ExifTag or null if none exists.
       */
      public Object getTagValue(int tagId) {
          int ifdId = getDefinedTagDefaultIfd(tagId);
          return getTagValue(tagId, ifdId);
      }
  
      /*
       * Getter methods that are similar to getTagValue. Null is returned if the
       * tag value cannot be cast into the return type.
       */
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public String getTagStringValue(int tagId, int ifdId) {
          ExifTag t = getTag(tagId, ifdId);
          if (t == null) {
              return null;
          }
          return t.getValueAsString();
      }
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public String getTagStringValue(int tagId) {
          int ifdId = getDefinedTagDefaultIfd(tagId);
          return getTagStringValue(tagId, ifdId);
      }
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public Long getTagLongValue(int tagId, int ifdId) {
          long[] l = getTagLongValues(tagId, ifdId);
          if (l == null || l.length <= 0) {
              return null;
          }
          return new Long(l[0]);
      }
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public Long getTagLongValue(int tagId) {
          int ifdId = getDefinedTagDefaultIfd(tagId);
          return getTagLongValue(tagId, ifdId);
      }
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public Integer getTagIntValue(int tagId, int ifdId) {
          int[] l = getTagIntValues(tagId, ifdId);
          if (l == null || l.length <= 0) {
              return null;
          }
          return new Integer(l[0]);
      }
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public Integer getTagIntValue(int tagId) {
          int ifdId = getDefinedTagDefaultIfd(tagId);
          return getTagIntValue(tagId, ifdId);
      }
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public Byte getTagByteValue(int tagId, int ifdId) {
          byte[] l = getTagByteValues(tagId, ifdId);
          if (l == null || l.length <= 0) {
              return null;
          }
          return new Byte(l[0]);
      }
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public Byte getTagByteValue(int tagId) {
          int ifdId = getDefinedTagDefaultIfd(tagId);
          return getTagByteValue(tagId, ifdId);
      }
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public Rational getTagRationalValue(int tagId, int ifdId) {
          Rational[] l = getTagRationalValues(tagId, ifdId);
          if (l == null || l.length == 0) {
              return null;
          }
          return new Rational(l[0]);
      }
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public Rational getTagRationalValue(int tagId) {
          int ifdId = getDefinedTagDefaultIfd(tagId);
          return getTagRationalValue(tagId, ifdId);
      }
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public long[] getTagLongValues(int tagId, int ifdId) {
          ExifTag t = getTag(tagId, ifdId);
          if (t == null) {
              return null;
          }
          return t.getValueAsLongs();
      }
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public long[] getTagLongValues(int tagId) {
          int ifdId = getDefinedTagDefaultIfd(tagId);
          return getTagLongValues(tagId, ifdId);
      }
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public int[] getTagIntValues(int tagId, int ifdId) {
          ExifTag t = getTag(tagId, ifdId);
          if (t == null) {
              return null;
          }
          return t.getValueAsInts();
      }
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public int[] getTagIntValues(int tagId) {
          int ifdId = getDefinedTagDefaultIfd(tagId);
          return getTagIntValues(tagId, ifdId);
      }
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public byte[] getTagByteValues(int tagId, int ifdId) {
          ExifTag t = getTag(tagId, ifdId);
          if (t == null) {
              return null;
          }
          return t.getValueAsBytes();
      }
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public byte[] getTagByteValues(int tagId) {
          int ifdId = getDefinedTagDefaultIfd(tagId);
          return getTagByteValues(tagId, ifdId);
      }
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public Rational[] getTagRationalValues(int tagId, int ifdId) {
          ExifTag t = getTag(tagId, ifdId);
          if (t == null) {
              return null;
          }
          return t.getValueAsRationals();
      }
  
      /**
       * @see #getTagValue
       */
      public Rational[] getTagRationalValues(int tagId) {
          int ifdId = getDefinedTagDefaultIfd(tagId);
          return getTagRationalValues(tagId, ifdId);
      }
  
      /**
       * Checks whether a tag has a defined number of elements.
       *
       * @param tagId a defined tag constant, e.g. {@link #TAG_IMAGE_WIDTH}.
       * @return true if the tag has a defined number of elements.
       */
      public boolean isTagCountDefined(int tagId) {
          int info = getTagInfo().get(tagId);
          // No value in info can be zero, as all tags have a non-zero type
          if (info == 0) {
              return false;
          }
          return getComponentCountFromInfo(info) != ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED;
      }
  
      /**
       * Gets the defined number of elements for a tag.
       *
       * @param tagId a defined tag constant, e.g. {@link #TAG_IMAGE_WIDTH}.
       * @return the number of elements or {@link ExifTag#SIZE_UNDEFINED} if the
       *         tag or the number of elements is not defined.
       */
      public int getDefinedTagCount(int tagId) {
          int info = getTagInfo().get(tagId);
          if (info == 0) {
              return ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED;
          }
          return getComponentCountFromInfo(info);
      }
  
      /**
       * Gets the number of elements for an ExifTag in a given IFD.
       *
       * @param tagId a defined tag constant, e.g. {@link #TAG_IMAGE_WIDTH}.
       * @param ifdId the IFD containing the ExifTag to check.
       * @return the number of elements in the ExifTag, if the tag's size is
       *         undefined this will return the actual number of elements that is
       *         in the ExifTag's value.
       */
      public int getActualTagCount(int tagId, int ifdId) {
          ExifTag t = getTag(tagId, ifdId);
          if (t == null) {
              return 0;
          }
          return t.getComponentCount();
      }
  
      /**
       * Gets the default IFD for a tag.
       *
       * @param tagId a defined tag constant, e.g. {@link #TAG_IMAGE_WIDTH}.
       * @return the default IFD for a tag definition or {@link #IFD_NULL} if no
       *         definition exists.
       */
      public int getDefinedTagDefaultIfd(int tagId) {
          int info = getTagInfo().get(tagId);
          if (info == DEFINITION_NULL) {
              return IFD_NULL;
          }
          return getTrueIfd(tagId);
      }
  
      /**
       * Gets the defined type for a tag.
       *
       * @param tagId a defined tag constant, e.g. {@link #TAG_IMAGE_WIDTH}.
       * @return the type.
       * @see ExifTag#getDataType()
       */
      public short getDefinedTagType(int tagId) {
          int info = getTagInfo().get(tagId);
          if (info == 0) {
              return -1;
          }
          return getTypeFromInfo(info);
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns true if tag TID is one of the following: {@link TAG_EXIF_IFD},
       * {@link TAG_GPS_IFD}, {@link TAG_JPEG_INTERCHANGE_FORMAT},
       * {@link TAG_STRIP_OFFSETS}, {@link TAG_INTEROPERABILITY_IFD}
       * <p>
       * Note: defining tags with these TID's is disallowed.
       *
       * @param tag a tag's TID (can be obtained from a defined tag constant with
       *            {@link #getTrueTagKey}).
       * @return true if the TID is that of an offset tag.
       */
      protected static boolean isOffsetTag(short tag) {
          return sOffsetTags.contains(tag);
      }
  
      /**
       * Creates a tag for a defined tag constant in a given IFD if that IFD is
       * allowed for the tag.  This method will fail anytime the appropriate
       * {@link ExifTag#setValue} for this tag's datatype would fail.
       *
       * @param tagId a tag constant, e.g. {@link #TAG_IMAGE_WIDTH}.
       * @param ifdId the IFD that the tag should be in.
       * @param val the value of the tag to set.
       * @return an ExifTag object or null if one could not be constructed.
       * @see #buildTag
       */
      public ExifTag buildTag(int tagId, int ifdId, Object val) {
          int info = getTagInfo().get(tagId);
          if (info == 0 || val == null) {
              return null;
          }
          short type = getTypeFromInfo(info);
          int definedCount = getComponentCountFromInfo(info);
          boolean hasDefinedCount = (definedCount != ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          if (!ExifInterface.isIfdAllowed(info, ifdId)) {
              return null;
          }
          ExifTag t = new ExifTag(getTrueTagKey(tagId), type, definedCount, ifdId, hasDefinedCount);
          if (!t.setValue(val)) {
              return null;
          }
          return t;
      }
  
      /**
       * Creates a tag for a defined tag constant in the tag's default IFD.
       *
       * @param tagId a tag constant, e.g. {@link #TAG_IMAGE_WIDTH}.
       * @param val the tag's value.
       * @return an ExifTag object.
       */
      public ExifTag buildTag(int tagId, Object val) {
          int ifdId = getTrueIfd(tagId);
          return buildTag(tagId, ifdId, val);
      }
  
      protected ExifTag buildUninitializedTag(int tagId) {
          int info = getTagInfo().get(tagId);
          if (info == 0) {
              return null;
          }
          short type = getTypeFromInfo(info);
          int definedCount = getComponentCountFromInfo(info);
          boolean hasDefinedCount = (definedCount != ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          int ifdId = getTrueIfd(tagId);
          ExifTag t = new ExifTag(getTrueTagKey(tagId), type, definedCount, ifdId, hasDefinedCount);
          return t;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the value of an ExifTag if it exists in the given IFD. The value
       * must be the correct type and length for that ExifTag.
       *
       * @param tagId a tag constant, e.g. {@link #TAG_IMAGE_WIDTH}.
       * @param ifdId the IFD that the ExifTag is in.
       * @param val the value to set.
       * @return true if success, false if the ExifTag doesn't exist or the value
       *         is the wrong type/length.
       * @see #setTagValue
       */
      public boolean setTagValue(int tagId, int ifdId, Object val) {
          ExifTag t = getTag(tagId, ifdId);
          if (t == null) {
              return false;
          }
          return t.setValue(val);
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the value of an ExifTag if it exists it's default IFD. The value
       * must be the correct type and length for that ExifTag.
       *
       * @param tagId a tag constant, e.g. {@link #TAG_IMAGE_WIDTH}.
       * @param val the value to set.
       * @return true if success, false if the ExifTag doesn't exist or the value
       *         is the wrong type/length.
       */
      public boolean setTagValue(int tagId, Object val) {
          int ifdId = getDefinedTagDefaultIfd(tagId);
          return setTagValue(tagId, ifdId, val);
      }
  
      /**
       * Puts an ExifTag into this ExifInterface object's tags, removing a
       * previous ExifTag with the same TID and IFD. The IFD it is put into will
       * be the one the tag was created with in {@link #buildTag}.
       *
       * @param tag an ExifTag to put into this ExifInterface's tags.
       * @return the previous ExifTag with the same TID and IFD or null if none
       *         exists.
       */
      public ExifTag setTag(ExifTag tag) {
          return mData.addTag(tag);
      }
  
      /**
       * Puts a collection of ExifTags into this ExifInterface objects's tags. Any
       * previous ExifTags with the same TID and IFDs will be removed.
       *
       * @param tags a Collection of ExifTags.
       * @see #setTag
       */
      public void setTags(Collection<ExifTag> tags) {
          for (ExifTag t : tags) {
              setTag(t);
          }
      }
  
      /**
       * Removes the ExifTag for a tag constant from the given IFD.
       *
       * @param tagId a tag constant, e.g. {@link #TAG_IMAGE_WIDTH}.
       * @param ifdId the IFD of the ExifTag to remove.
       */
      public void deleteTag(int tagId, int ifdId) {
          mData.removeTag(getTrueTagKey(tagId), ifdId);
      }
  
      /**
       * Removes the ExifTag for a tag constant from that tag's default IFD.
       *
       * @param tagId a tag constant, e.g. {@link #TAG_IMAGE_WIDTH}.
       */
      public void deleteTag(int tagId) {
          int ifdId = getDefinedTagDefaultIfd(tagId);
          deleteTag(tagId, ifdId);
      }
  
      /**
       * Creates a new tag definition in this ExifInterface object for a given TID
       * and default IFD. Creating a definition with the same TID and default IFD
       * as a previous definition will override it.
       *
       * @param tagId the TID for the tag.
       * @param defaultIfd the default IFD for the tag.
       * @param tagType the type of the tag (see {@link ExifTag#getDataType()}).
       * @param defaultComponentCount the number of elements of this tag's type in
       *            the tags value.
       * @param allowedIfds the IFD's this tag is allowed to be put in.
       * @return the defined tag constant (e.g. {@link #TAG_IMAGE_WIDTH}) or
       *         {@link #TAG_NULL} if the definition could not be made.
       */
      public int setTagDefinition(short tagId, int defaultIfd, short tagType,
              short defaultComponentCount, int[] allowedIfds) {
          if (sBannedDefines.contains(tagId)) {
              return TAG_NULL;
          }
          if (ExifTag.isValidType(tagType) && ExifTag.isValidIfd(defaultIfd)) {
              int tagDef = defineTag(defaultIfd, tagId);
              if (tagDef == TAG_NULL) {
                  return TAG_NULL;
              }
              int[] otherDefs = getTagDefinitionsForTagId(tagId);
              SparseIntArray infos = getTagInfo();
              // Make sure defaultIfd is in allowedIfds
              boolean defaultCheck = false;
              for (int i : allowedIfds) {
                  if (defaultIfd == i) {
                      defaultCheck = true;
                  }
                  if (!ExifTag.isValidIfd(i)) {
                      return TAG_NULL;
                  }
              }
              if (!defaultCheck) {
                  return TAG_NULL;
              }
  
              int ifdFlags = getFlagsFromAllowedIfds(allowedIfds);
              // Make sure no identical tags can exist in allowedIfds
              if (otherDefs != null) {
                  for (int def : otherDefs) {
                      int tagInfo = infos.get(def);
                      int allowedFlags = getAllowedIfdFlagsFromInfo(tagInfo);
                      if ((ifdFlags & allowedFlags) != 0) {
                          return TAG_NULL;
                      }
                  }
              }
              getTagInfo().put(tagDef, ifdFlags << 24 | (tagType << 16) | defaultComponentCount);
              return tagDef;
          }
          return TAG_NULL;
      }
  
      protected int getTagDefinition(short tagId, int defaultIfd) {
          return getTagInfo().get(defineTag(defaultIfd, tagId));
      }
  
      protected int[] getTagDefinitionsForTagId(short tagId) {
          int[] ifds = IfdData.getIfds();
          int[] defs = new int[ifds.length];
          int counter = 0;
          SparseIntArray infos = getTagInfo();
          for (int i : ifds) {
              int def = defineTag(i, tagId);
              if (infos.get(def) != DEFINITION_NULL) {
                  defs[counter++] = def;
              }
          }
          if (counter == 0) {
              return null;
          }
  
          return Arrays.copyOfRange(defs, 0, counter);
      }
  
      protected int getTagDefinitionForTag(ExifTag tag) {
          short type = tag.getDataType();
          int count = tag.getComponentCount();
          int ifd = tag.getIfd();
          return getTagDefinitionForTag(tag.getTagId(), type, count, ifd);
      }
  
      protected int getTagDefinitionForTag(short tagId, short type, int count, int ifd) {
          int[] defs = getTagDefinitionsForTagId(tagId);
          if (defs == null) {
              return TAG_NULL;
          }
          SparseIntArray infos = getTagInfo();
          int ret = TAG_NULL;
          for (int i : defs) {
              int info = infos.get(i);
              short def_type = getTypeFromInfo(info);
              int def_count = getComponentCountFromInfo(info);
              int[] def_ifds = getAllowedIfdsFromInfo(info);
              boolean valid_ifd = false;
              for (int j : def_ifds) {
                  if (j == ifd) {
                      valid_ifd = true;
                      break;
                  }
              }
              if (valid_ifd && type == def_type
                      && (count == def_count || def_count == ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED)) {
                  ret = i;
                  break;
              }
          }
          return ret;
      }
  
      /**
       * Removes a tag definition for given defined tag constant.
       *
       * @param tagId a defined tag constant, e.g. {@link #TAG_IMAGE_WIDTH}.
       */
      public void removeTagDefinition(int tagId) {
          getTagInfo().delete(tagId);
      }
  
      /**
       * Resets tag definitions to the default ones.
       */
      public void resetTagDefinitions() {
          mTagInfo = null;
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the thumbnail from IFD1 as a bitmap, or null if none exists.
       *
       * @return the thumbnail as a bitmap.
       */
      public Bitmap getThumbnailBitmap() {
          if (mData.hasCompressedThumbnail()) {
              byte[] thumb = mData.getCompressedThumbnail();
              return BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(thumb, 0, thumb.length);
          } else if (mData.hasUncompressedStrip()) {
              // TODO: implement uncompressed
          }
          return null;
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the thumbnail from IFD1 as a byte array, or null if none exists.
       * The bytes may either be an uncompressed strip as specified in the exif
       * standard or a jpeg compressed image.
       *
       * @return the thumbnail as a byte array.
       */
      public byte[] getThumbnailBytes() {
          if (mData.hasCompressedThumbnail()) {
              return mData.getCompressedThumbnail();
          } else if (mData.hasUncompressedStrip()) {
              // TODO: implement this
          }
          return null;
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the thumbnail if it is jpeg compressed, or null if none exists.
       *
       * @return the thumbnail as a byte array.
       */
      public byte[] getThumbnail() {
          return mData.getCompressedThumbnail();
      }
  
      /**
       * Check if thumbnail is compressed.
       *
       * @return true if the thumbnail is compressed.
       */
      public boolean isThumbnailCompressed() {
          return mData.hasCompressedThumbnail();
      }
  
      /**
       * Check if thumbnail exists.
       *
       * @return true if a compressed thumbnail exists.
       */
      public boolean hasThumbnail() {
          // TODO: add back in uncompressed strip
          return mData.hasCompressedThumbnail();
      }
  
      // TODO: uncompressed thumbnail setters
  
      /**
       * Sets the thumbnail to be a jpeg compressed image. Clears any prior
       * thumbnail.
       *
       * @param thumb a byte array containing a jpeg compressed image.
       * @return true if the thumbnail was set.
       */
      public boolean setCompressedThumbnail(byte[] thumb) {
          mData.clearThumbnailAndStrips();
          mData.setCompressedThumbnail(thumb);
          return true;
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the thumbnail to be a jpeg compressed bitmap. Clears any prior
       * thumbnail.
       *
       * @param thumb a bitmap to compress to a jpeg thumbnail.
       * @return true if the thumbnail was set.
       */
      public boolean setCompressedThumbnail(Bitmap thumb) {
          ByteArrayOutputStream thumbnail = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
          if (!thumb.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 90, thumbnail)) {
              return false;
          }
          return setCompressedThumbnail(thumbnail.toByteArray());
      }
  
      /**
       * Clears the compressed thumbnail if it exists.
       */
      public void removeCompressedThumbnail() {
          mData.setCompressedThumbnail(null);
      }
  
      // Convenience methods:
  
      /**
       * Decodes the user comment tag into string as specified in the EXIF
       * standard. Returns null if decoding failed.
       */
      public String getUserComment() {
          return mData.getUserComment();
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the Orientation ExifTag value for a given number of degrees.
       *
       * @param degrees the amount an image is rotated in degrees.
       */
      public static short getOrientationValueForRotation(int degrees) {
          degrees %= 360;
          if (degrees < 0) {
              degrees += 360;
          }
          if (degrees < 90) {
              return Orientation.TOP_LEFT; // 0 degrees
          } else if (degrees < 180) {
              return Orientation.RIGHT_TOP; // 90 degrees cw
          } else if (degrees < 270) {
              return Orientation.BOTTOM_LEFT; // 180 degrees
          } else {
              return Orientation.RIGHT_BOTTOM; // 270 degrees cw
          }
      }
  
      /**
       * Returns the rotation degrees corresponding to an ExifTag Orientation
       * value.
       *
       * @param orientation the ExifTag Orientation value.
       */
      public static int getRotationForOrientationValue(short orientation) {
          switch (orientation) {
              case Orientation.TOP_LEFT:
                  return 0;
              case Orientation.RIGHT_TOP:
                  return 90;
              case Orientation.BOTTOM_LEFT:
                  return 180;
              case Orientation.RIGHT_BOTTOM:
                  return 270;
              default:
                  return 0;
          }
      }
  
      /**
       * Gets the double representation of the GPS latitude or longitude
       * coordinate.
       *
       * @param coordinate an array of 3 Rationals representing the degrees,
       *            minutes, and seconds of the GPS location as defined in the
       *            exif specification.
       * @param reference a GPS reference reperesented by a String containing "N",
       *            "S", "E", or "W".
       * @return the GPS coordinate represented as degrees + minutes/60 +
       *         seconds/3600
       */
      public static double convertLatOrLongToDouble(Rational[] coordinate, String reference) {
          try {
              double degrees = coordinate[0].toDouble();
              double minutes = coordinate[1].toDouble();
              double seconds = coordinate[2].toDouble();
              double result = degrees + minutes / 60.0 + seconds / 3600.0;
              if ((reference.equals("S") || reference.equals("W"))) {
                  return -result;
              }
              return result;
          } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException();
          }
      }
  
      /**
       * Gets the GPS latitude and longitude as a pair of doubles from this
       * ExifInterface object's tags, or null if the necessary tags do not exist.
       *
       * @return an array of 2 doubles containing the latitude, and longitude
       *         respectively.
       * @see #convertLatOrLongToDouble
       */
      public double[] getLatLongAsDoubles() {
          Rational[] latitude = getTagRationalValues(TAG_GPS_LATITUDE);
          String latitudeRef = getTagStringValue(TAG_GPS_LATITUDE_REF);
          Rational[] longitude = getTagRationalValues(TAG_GPS_LONGITUDE);
          String longitudeRef = getTagStringValue(TAG_GPS_LONGITUDE_REF);
          if (latitude == null || longitude == null || latitudeRef == null || longitudeRef == null
                  || latitude.length < 3 || longitude.length < 3) {
              return null;
          }
          double[] latLon = new double[2];
          latLon[0] = convertLatOrLongToDouble(latitude, latitudeRef);
          latLon[1] = convertLatOrLongToDouble(longitude, longitudeRef);
          return latLon;
      }
  
      private static final String GPS_DATE_FORMAT_STR = "yyyy:MM:dd";
      private static final String DATETIME_FORMAT_STR = "yyyy:MM:dd kk:mm:ss";
      private final DateFormat mDateTimeStampFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(DATETIME_FORMAT_STR);
      private final DateFormat mGPSDateStampFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(GPS_DATE_FORMAT_STR);
      private final Calendar mGPSTimeStampCalendar = Calendar
              .getInstance(TimeZone.getTimeZone("UTC"));
  
      /**
       * Creates, formats, and sets the DateTimeStamp tag for one of:
       * {@link #TAG_DATE_TIME}, {@link #TAG_DATE_TIME_DIGITIZED},
       * {@link #TAG_DATE_TIME_ORIGINAL}.
       *
       * @param tagId one of the DateTimeStamp tags.
       * @param timestamp a timestamp to format.
       * @param timezone a TimeZone object.
       * @return true if success, false if the tag could not be set.
       */
      public boolean addDateTimeStampTag(int tagId, long timestamp, TimeZone timezone) {
          if (tagId == TAG_DATE_TIME || tagId == TAG_DATE_TIME_DIGITIZED
                  || tagId == TAG_DATE_TIME_ORIGINAL) {
              mDateTimeStampFormat.setTimeZone(timezone);
              ExifTag t = buildTag(tagId, mDateTimeStampFormat.format(timestamp));
              if (t == null) {
                  return false;
              }
              setTag(t);
          } else {
              return false;
          }
          return true;
      }
  
      /**
       * Creates and sets all to the GPS tags for a give latitude and longitude.
       *
       * @param latitude a GPS latitude coordinate.
       * @param longitude a GPS longitude coordinate.
       * @return true if success, false if they could not be created or set.
       */
      public boolean addGpsTags(double latitude, double longitude) {
          ExifTag latTag = buildTag(TAG_GPS_LATITUDE, toExifLatLong(latitude));
          ExifTag longTag = buildTag(TAG_GPS_LONGITUDE, toExifLatLong(longitude));
          ExifTag latRefTag = buildTag(TAG_GPS_LATITUDE_REF,
                  latitude >= 0 ? ExifInterface.GpsLatitudeRef.NORTH
                          : ExifInterface.GpsLatitudeRef.SOUTH);
          ExifTag longRefTag = buildTag(TAG_GPS_LONGITUDE_REF,
                  longitude >= 0 ? ExifInterface.GpsLongitudeRef.EAST
                          : ExifInterface.GpsLongitudeRef.WEST);
          if (latTag == null || longTag == null || latRefTag == null || longRefTag == null) {
              return false;
          }
          setTag(latTag);
          setTag(longTag);
          setTag(latRefTag);
          setTag(longRefTag);
          return true;
      }
  
      /**
       * Creates and sets the GPS timestamp tag.
       *
       * @param timestamp a GPS timestamp.
       * @return true if success, false if could not be created or set.
       */
      public boolean addGpsDateTimeStampTag(long timestamp) {
          ExifTag t = buildTag(TAG_GPS_DATE_STAMP, mGPSDateStampFormat.format(timestamp));
          if (t == null) {
              return false;
          }
          setTag(t);
          mGPSTimeStampCalendar.setTimeInMillis(timestamp);
          t = buildTag(TAG_GPS_TIME_STAMP, new Rational[] {
                  new Rational(mGPSTimeStampCalendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY), 1),
                  new Rational(mGPSTimeStampCalendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE), 1),
                  new Rational(mGPSTimeStampCalendar.get(Calendar.SECOND), 1)
          });
          if (t == null) {
              return false;
          }
          setTag(t);
          return true;
      }
  
      private static Rational[] toExifLatLong(double value) {
          // convert to the format dd/1 mm/1 ssss/100
          value = Math.abs(value);
          int degrees = (int) value;
          value = (value - degrees) * 60;
          int minutes = (int) value;
          value = (value - minutes) * 6000;
          int seconds = (int) value;
          return new Rational[] {
                  new Rational(degrees, 1), new Rational(minutes, 1), new Rational(seconds, 100)
          };
      }
  
      private void doExifStreamIO(InputStream is, OutputStream os) throws IOException {
          byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
          int ret = is.read(buf, 0, 1024);
          while (ret != -1) {
              os.write(buf, 0, ret);
              ret = is.read(buf, 0, 1024);
          }
      }
  
      protected static void closeSilently(Closeable c) {
          if (c != null) {
              try {
                  c.close();
              } catch (Throwable e) {
                  // ignored
              }
          }
      }
  
      private SparseIntArray mTagInfo = null;
  
      protected SparseIntArray getTagInfo() {
          if (mTagInfo == null) {
              mTagInfo = new SparseIntArray();
              initTagInfo();
          }
          return mTagInfo;
      }
  
      private void initTagInfo() {
          /**
           * We put tag information in a 4-bytes integer. The first byte a bitmask
           * representing the allowed IFDs of the tag, the second byte is the data
           * type, and the last two byte are a short value indicating the default
           * component count of this tag.
           */
          // IFD0 tags
          int[] ifdAllowedIfds = {
                  IfdId.TYPE_IFD_0, IfdId.TYPE_IFD_1
          };
          int ifdFlags = getFlagsFromAllowedIfds(ifdAllowedIfds) << 24;
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_MAKE,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_IMAGE_WIDTH,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_IMAGE_LENGTH,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_BITS_PER_SAMPLE,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 3);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_COMPRESSION,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_ORIENTATION, ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16
                  | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_SAMPLES_PER_PIXEL,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_PLANAR_CONFIGURATION,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_Y_CB_CR_SUB_SAMPLING,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 2);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_Y_CB_CR_POSITIONING,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_X_RESOLUTION,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_Y_RESOLUTION,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_RESOLUTION_UNIT,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_STRIP_OFFSETS,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_ROWS_PER_STRIP,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_STRIP_BYTE_COUNTS,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_TRANSFER_FUNCTION,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 3 * 256);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_WHITE_POINT,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 2);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_PRIMARY_CHROMATICITIES,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 6);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_Y_CB_CR_COEFFICIENTS,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 3);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_REFERENCE_BLACK_WHITE,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 6);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_DATE_TIME,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | 20);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_IMAGE_DESCRIPTION,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_MAKE,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_MODEL,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_SOFTWARE,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_ARTIST,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_COPYRIGHT,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_EXIF_IFD,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_IFD,
                  ifdFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG << 16 | 1);
          // IFD1 tags
          int[] ifd1AllowedIfds = {
              IfdId.TYPE_IFD_1
          };
          int ifdFlags1 = getFlagsFromAllowedIfds(ifd1AllowedIfds) << 24;
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_JPEG_INTERCHANGE_FORMAT,
                  ifdFlags1 | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_JPEG_INTERCHANGE_FORMAT_LENGTH,
                  ifdFlags1 | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG << 16 | 1);
          // Exif tags
          int[] exifAllowedIfds = {
              IfdId.TYPE_IFD_EXIF
          };
          int exifFlags = getFlagsFromAllowedIfds(exifAllowedIfds) << 24;
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_EXIF_VERSION,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNDEFINED << 16 | 4);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_FLASHPIX_VERSION,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNDEFINED << 16 | 4);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_COLOR_SPACE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_COMPONENTS_CONFIGURATION,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNDEFINED << 16 | 4);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_COMPRESSED_BITS_PER_PIXEL,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_PIXEL_X_DIMENSION,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_PIXEL_Y_DIMENSION,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_MAKER_NOTE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNDEFINED << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_USER_COMMENT,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNDEFINED << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_RELATED_SOUND_FILE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | 13);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_DATE_TIME_ORIGINAL,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | 20);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_DATE_TIME_DIGITIZED,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | 20);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_SUB_SEC_TIME,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_SUB_SEC_TIME_ORIGINAL,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_SUB_SEC_TIME_DIGITIZED,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_IMAGE_UNIQUE_ID,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | 33);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_EXPOSURE_TIME,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_F_NUMBER,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_EXPOSURE_PROGRAM,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_SPECTRAL_SENSITIVITY,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_ISO_SPEED_RATINGS,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_OECF,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNDEFINED << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_SHUTTER_SPEED_VALUE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_APERTURE_VALUE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_BRIGHTNESS_VALUE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_EXPOSURE_BIAS_VALUE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_MAX_APERTURE_VALUE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_SUBJECT_DISTANCE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_METERING_MODE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_LIGHT_SOURCE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_FLASH,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_FOCAL_LENGTH,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_SUBJECT_AREA,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_FLASH_ENERGY,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_SPATIAL_FREQUENCY_RESPONSE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNDEFINED << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_FOCAL_PLANE_X_RESOLUTION,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_FOCAL_PLANE_Y_RESOLUTION,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_FOCAL_PLANE_RESOLUTION_UNIT,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_SUBJECT_LOCATION,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 2);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_EXPOSURE_INDEX,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_SENSING_METHOD,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_FILE_SOURCE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNDEFINED << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_SCENE_TYPE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNDEFINED << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_CFA_PATTERN,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNDEFINED << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_CUSTOM_RENDERED,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_EXPOSURE_MODE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_WHITE_BALANCE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_DIGITAL_ZOOM_RATIO,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_FOCAL_LENGTH_IN_35_MM_FILE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_SCENE_CAPTURE_TYPE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GAIN_CONTROL,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_CONTRAST,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_SATURATION,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_SHARPNESS,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_DEVICE_SETTING_DESCRIPTION,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNDEFINED << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_SUBJECT_DISTANCE_RANGE,
                  exifFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_INTEROPERABILITY_IFD, exifFlags
                  | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG << 16 | 1);
          // GPS tag
          int[] gpsAllowedIfds = {
              IfdId.TYPE_IFD_GPS
          };
          int gpsFlags = getFlagsFromAllowedIfds(gpsAllowedIfds) << 24;
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_VERSION_ID,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_BYTE << 16 | 4);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_LATITUDE_REF,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | 2);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_LONGITUDE_REF,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | 2);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_LATITUDE,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_RATIONAL << 16 | 3);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_LONGITUDE,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_RATIONAL << 16 | 3);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_ALTITUDE_REF,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_BYTE << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_ALTITUDE,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_TIME_STAMP,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 3);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_SATTELLITES,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_STATUS,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | 2);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_MEASURE_MODE,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | 2);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_DOP,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_SPEED_REF,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | 2);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_SPEED,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_TRACK_REF,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | 2);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_TRACK,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_IMG_DIRECTION_REF,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | 2);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_IMG_DIRECTION,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_MAP_DATUM,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_DEST_LATITUDE_REF,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | 2);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_DEST_LATITUDE,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_DEST_BEARING_REF,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | 2);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_DEST_BEARING,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_DEST_DISTANCE_REF,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | 2);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_DEST_DISTANCE,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_RATIONAL << 16 | 1);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_PROCESSING_METHOD,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNDEFINED << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_AREA_INFORMATION,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNDEFINED << 16 | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_DATE_STAMP,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16 | 11);
          mTagInfo.put(ExifInterface.TAG_GPS_DIFFERENTIAL,
                  gpsFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT << 16 | 11);
          // Interoperability tag
          int[] interopAllowedIfds = {
              IfdId.TYPE_IFD_INTEROPERABILITY
          };
          int interopFlags = getFlagsFromAllowedIfds(interopAllowedIfds) << 24;
          mTagInfo.put(TAG_INTEROPERABILITY_INDEX, interopFlags | ExifTag.TYPE_ASCII << 16
                  | ExifTag.SIZE_UNDEFINED);
      }
  
      protected static int getAllowedIfdFlagsFromInfo(int info) {
          return info >>> 24;
      }
  
      protected static int[] getAllowedIfdsFromInfo(int info) {
          int ifdFlags = getAllowedIfdFlagsFromInfo(info);
          int[] ifds = IfdData.getIfds();
          ArrayList<Integer> l = new ArrayList<Integer>();
          for (int i = 0; i < IfdId.TYPE_IFD_COUNT; i++) {
              int flag = (ifdFlags >> i) & 1;
              if (flag == 1) {
                  l.add(ifds[i]);
              }
          }
          if (l.size() <= 0) {
              return null;
          }
          int[] ret = new int[l.size()];
          int j = 0;
          for (int i : l) {
              ret[j++] = i;
          }
          return ret;
      }
  
      protected static boolean isIfdAllowed(int info, int ifd) {
          int[] ifds = IfdData.getIfds();
          int ifdFlags = getAllowedIfdFlagsFromInfo(info);
          for (int i = 0; i < ifds.length; i++) {
              if (ifd == ifds[i] && ((ifdFlags >> i) & 1) == 1) {
                  return true;
              }
          }
          return false;
      }
  
      protected static int getFlagsFromAllowedIfds(int[] allowedIfds) {
          if (allowedIfds == null || allowedIfds.length == 0) {
              return 0;
          }
          int flags = 0;
          int[] ifds = IfdData.getIfds();
          for (int i = 0; i < IfdId.TYPE_IFD_COUNT; i++) {
              for (int j : allowedIfds) {
                  if (ifds[i] == j) {
                      flags |= 1 << i;
                      break;
                  }
              }
          }
          return flags;
      }
  
      protected static short getTypeFromInfo(int info) {
          return (short) ((info >> 16) & 0x0ff);
      }
  
      protected static int getComponentCountFromInfo(int info) {
          return info & 0x0ffff;
      }
  
  }
  