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   * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
   * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
   * distributed with this work for additional information
   * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
   * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
   * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
   * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
   *
   *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   *
   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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   * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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  package org.apache.beam.examples.cookbook;
  
  import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
  
  import com.google.api.client.util.BackOff;
  import com.google.api.client.util.BackOffUtils;
  import com.google.api.client.util.Sleeper;
  import com.google.api.services.bigquery.model.QueryResponse;
  import org.apache.beam.sdk.extensions.gcp.options.GcpOptions;
  import org.apache.beam.sdk.extensions.gcp.util.BackOffAdapter;
  import org.apache.beam.sdk.io.gcp.testing.BigqueryClient;
  import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.PipelineOptionsFactory;
  import org.apache.beam.sdk.testing.TestPipeline;
  import org.apache.beam.sdk.testing.TestPipelineOptions;
  import org.apache.beam.sdk.util.FluentBackoff;
  import org.joda.time.Duration;
  import org.junit.After;
  import org.junit.Before;
  import org.junit.Test;
  import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
  import org.junit.runners.JUnit4;
  
  /** An end-to-end test for {@link org.apache.beam.examples.cookbook.MaxPerKeyExamples}. */
  @RunWith(JUnit4.class)
  public class MaxPerKeyExamplesIT {
    private MaxPerKeyExamplesIT.MaxPerKeyExamplesOptions options;
    private final String timestamp = Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis());
    private final String outputDatasetId = "max_per_key_examples" + timestamp;
    private final String outputTable = "max_per_key_examples_table";
    private final Long defaultExpiration = 1000L * 60 * 60;
    private String projectId;
    private BigqueryClient bqClient;
  
    /** Options for the MaxPerKeyExamples Integration Test. */
    public interface MaxPerKeyExamplesOptions
        extends TestPipelineOptions, MaxPerKeyExamples.Options {}
  
    @Before
    public void setupTestEnvironment() throws Exception {
      PipelineOptionsFactory.register(TestPipelineOptions.class);
      this.options =
          TestPipeline.testingPipelineOptions()
              .as(MaxPerKeyExamplesIT.MaxPerKeyExamplesOptions.class);
      this.projectId = TestPipeline.testingPipelineOptions().as(GcpOptions.class).getProject();
      this.bqClient = new BigqueryClient("MaxPerKeyExamplesIT");
      this.bqClient.createNewDataset(this.projectId, this.outputDatasetId, defaultExpiration);
    }
  
    @After
    public void cleanupTestEnvironment() {
      this.bqClient.deleteDataset(this.projectId, this.outputDatasetId);
    }
  
    @Test
    public void testE2EMaxPerKeyExamples() throws Exception {
      this.options.setOutput(
          String.format("%s:%s.%s", this.projectId, this.outputDatasetId, this.outputTable));
      MaxPerKeyExamples.runMaxPerKeyExamples(options);
      FluentBackoff backoffFactory =
          FluentBackoff.DEFAULT.withMaxRetries(4).withInitialBackoff(Duration.standardSeconds(1L));
      Sleeper sleeper = Sleeper.DEFAULT;
      BackOff backoff = BackOffAdapter.toGcpBackOff(backoffFactory.backoff());
      String res = "empty_result";
      do {
        QueryResponse response =
            this.bqClient.queryWithRetries(
                String.format(
                    "SELECT count(*) as total FROM [%s:%s.%s]",
                    this.projectId, this.outputDatasetId, this.outputTable),
                this.projectId);
        // Having 4 retries to get ride of the failure caused by the latency that between data wrote
        // to BigQuery and be able to query from BigQuery.
        // Partial results are still returned making traversal of nested result object NPE prone.
        try {
          res = response.getRows().get(0).getF().get(0).getV().toString();
          break;
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
          // Ignore NullPointerException during retry.
        }
      } while (BackOffUtils.next(sleeper, backoff));
  
      assertEquals("12", res);
    }
  }
  