content: // Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
  // or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
  // distributed with this work for additional information
  // regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
  // to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
  // "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
  // with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
  //
  //   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  //
  // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
  // software distributed under the License is distributed on an
  // "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
  // KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
  // specific language governing permissions and limitations
  // under the License.
  package org.apache.cloudstack.ldap;
  
  import javax.naming.NamingEnumeration;
  import javax.naming.NamingException;
  import javax.naming.directory.Attribute;
  import javax.naming.directory.Attributes;
  import java.util.ArrayList;
  import java.util.List;
  
  public final class LdapUtils {
      public static String escapeLDAPSearchFilter(final String filter) {
          final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
          for (final char character : filter.toCharArray()) {
              switch (character) {
                  case '\\':
                      sb.append("\\5c");
                      break;
                  case '*':
                      sb.append("\\2a");
                      break;
                  case '(':
                      sb.append("\\28");
                      break;
                  case ')':
                      sb.append("\\29");
                      break;
                  case '\u0000':
                      sb.append("\\00");
                      break;
                  default:
                      sb.append(character);
              }
          }
          return sb.toString();
      }
  
      public static String getAttributeValue(final Attributes attributes, final String attributeName) throws NamingException {
          final Attribute attribute = attributes.get(attributeName);
          if (attribute != null) {
              final Object value = attribute.get();
              return String.valueOf(value);
          }
          return null;
      }
  
      public static List<String> getAttributeValues(final Attributes attributes, final String attributeName) throws NamingException {
          ArrayList<String> memberships = new ArrayList<>();
          final Attribute attribute = attributes.get(attributeName);
          if (attribute != null) {
              NamingEnumeration<?> values = attribute.getAll();
              while(values.hasMore()) {
                  memberships.add(String.valueOf(values.next()));
              }
          }
          return memberships;
      }
  
      private LdapUtils() {
      }
  }
  