#
DiffEdit

DiffEdit: Diffusion-based semantic image editing with mask guidance is by Guillaume Couairon, Jakob Verbeek, Holger Schwenk, and Matthieu Cord.

The abstract from the paper is:

Image generation has recently seen tremendous advances, with diffusion models allowing to synthesize convincing images for a large variety of text prompts. In this article, we propose DiffEdit, a method to take advantage of text-conditioned diffusion models for the task of semantic image editing, where the goal is to edit an image based on a text query. Semantic image editing is an extension of image generation, with the additional constraint that the generated image should be as similar as possible to a given input image. Current editing methods based on diffusion models usually require to provide a mask, making the task much easier by treating it as a conditional inpainting task. In contrast, our main contribution is able to automatically generate a mask highlighting regions of the input image that need to be edited, by contrasting predictions of a diffusion model conditioned on different text prompts. Moreover, we rely on latent inference to preserve content in those regions of interest and show excellent synergies with mask-based diffusion. DiffEdit achieves state-of-the-art editing performance on ImageNet. In addition, we evaluate semantic image editing in more challenging settings, using images from the COCO dataset as well as text-based generated images.

The original codebase can be found at Xiang-cd/DiffEdit-stable-diffusion, and you can try it out in this demo.

This pipeline was contributed by clarencechen. ❤️

##
Tips

- The pipeline can generate masks that can be fed into other inpainting pipelines.
- In order to generate an image using this pipeline, both an image mask (source and target prompts can be manually specified or generated, and passed to generate_mask()) and a set of partially inverted latents (generated using invert()) must be provided as arguments when calling the pipeline to generate the final edited image.
- The function generate_mask() exposes two prompt arguments, `source_prompt` and `target_prompt` that let you control the locations of the semantic edits in the final image to be generated. Let’s say, you wanted to translate from “cat” to “dog”. In this case, the edit direction will be “cat -> dog”. To reflect this in the generated mask, you simply have to set the embeddings related to the phrases including “cat” to `source_prompt` and “dog” to `target_prompt`.
- When generating partially inverted latents using `invert`, assign a caption or text embedding describing the overall image to the `prompt` argument to help guide the inverse latent sampling process. In most cases, the source concept is sufficiently descriptive to yield good results, but feel free to explore alternatives.
- When calling the pipeline to generate the final edited image, assign the source concept to `negative_prompt` and the target concept to `prompt`. Taking the above example, you simply have to set the embeddings related to the phrases including “cat” to `negative_prompt` and “dog” to `prompt`.
- If you wanted to reverse the direction in the example above, i.e., “dog -> cat”, then it’s recommended to:
  - Swap the `source_prompt` and `target_prompt` in the arguments to `generate_mask`.
  - Change the input prompt in invert() to include “dog”.
  - Swap the `prompt` and `negative_prompt` in the arguments to call the pipeline to generate the final edited image.
- The source and target prompts, or their corresponding embeddings, can also be automatically generated. Please refer to the DiffEdit guide for more details.

##
StableDiffusionDiffEditPipeline

###
class diffusers.StableDiffusionDiffEditPipeline

< source >

( vae: AutoencoderKL text_encoder: CLIPTextModel tokenizer: CLIPTokenizer unet: UNet2DConditionModel scheduler: KarrasDiffusionSchedulers safety_checker: StableDiffusionSafetyChecker feature_extractor: CLIPImageProcessor inverse_scheduler: DDIMInverseScheduler requires_safety_checker: bool = True )

Parameters

- vae (AutoencoderKL) — Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) model to encode and decode images to and from latent representations.
- text_encoder (CLIPTextModel) — Frozen text-encoder (clip-vit-large-patch14).
- tokenizer (CLIPTokenizer) — A `CLIPTokenizer` to tokenize text.
- unet (UNet2DConditionModel) — A `UNet2DConditionModel` to denoise the encoded image latents.
- scheduler (SchedulerMixin) — A scheduler to be used in combination with `unet` to denoise the encoded image latents.
- inverse_scheduler (DDIMInverseScheduler) — A scheduler to be used in combination with `unet` to fill in the unmasked part of the input latents.
- safety_checker (`StableDiffusionSafetyChecker`) — Classification module that estimates whether generated images could be considered offensive or harmful. Please refer to the model card for more details about a model’s potential harms.
- feature_extractor (CLIPImageProcessor) — A `CLIPImageProcessor` to extract features from generated images; used as inputs to the `safety_checker`.

This is an experimental feature!

Pipeline for text-guided image inpainting using Stable Diffusion and DiffEdit.

This model inherits from DiffusionPipeline. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods implemented for all pipelines (downloading, saving, running on a particular device, etc.).

The pipeline also inherits the following loading and saving methods:

- load_textual_inversion() for loading textual inversion embeddings
- load_lora_weights() for loading LoRA weights
- save_lora_weights() for saving LoRA weights

####
generate_mask

< source >

( image: Union = None target_prompt: Union = None target_negative_prompt: Union = None target_prompt_embeds: Optional = None target_negative_prompt_embeds: Optional = None source_prompt: Union = None source_negative_prompt: Union = None source_prompt_embeds: Optional = None source_negative_prompt_embeds: Optional = None num_maps_per_mask: Optional = 10 mask_encode_strength: Optional = 0.5 mask_thresholding_ratio: Optional = 3.0 num_inference_steps: int = 50 guidance_scale: float = 7.5 generator: Union = None output_type: Optional = 'np' cross_attention_kwargs: Optional = None ) →
`List[PIL.Image.Image]` or `np.array`

Parameters

- image (`PIL.Image.Image`) — `Image` or tensor representing an image batch to be used for computing the mask.
- target_prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, optional) — The prompt or prompts to guide semantic mask generation. If not defined, you need to pass `prompt_embeds`.
- target_negative_prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, optional) — The prompt or prompts to guide what to not include in image generation. If not defined, you need to pass `negative_prompt_embeds` instead. Ignored when not using guidance (`guidance_scale < 1`).
- target_prompt_embeds (`torch.FloatTensor`, optional) — Pre-generated text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs (prompt weighting). If not provided, text embeddings are generated from the `prompt` input argument.
- target_negative_prompt_embeds (`torch.FloatTensor`, optional) — Pre-generated negative text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs (prompt weighting). If not provided, `negative_prompt_embeds` are generated from the `negative_prompt` input argument.
- source_prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, optional) — The prompt or prompts to guide semantic mask generation using DiffEdit. If not defined, you need to pass `source_prompt_embeds` or `source_image` instead.
- source_negative_prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, optional) — The prompt or prompts to guide semantic mask generation away from using DiffEdit. If not defined, you need to pass `source_negative_prompt_embeds` or `source_image` instead.
- source_prompt_embeds (`torch.FloatTensor`, optional) — Pre-generated text embeddings to guide the semantic mask generation. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs (prompt weighting). If not provided, text embeddings are generated from `source_prompt` input argument.
- source_negative_prompt_embeds (`torch.FloatTensor`, optional) — Pre-generated text embeddings to negatively guide the semantic mask generation. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs (prompt weighting). If not provided, text embeddings are generated from `source_negative_prompt` input argument.
- num_maps_per_mask (`int`, optional, defaults to 10) — The number of noise maps sampled to generate the semantic mask using DiffEdit.
- mask_encode_strength (`float`, optional, defaults to 0.5) — The strength of the noise maps sampled to generate the semantic mask using DiffEdit. Must be between 0 and 1.
- mask_thresholding_ratio (`float`, optional, defaults to 3.0) — The maximum multiple of the mean absolute difference used to clamp the semantic guidance map before mask binarization.
- num_inference_steps (`int`, optional, defaults to 50) — The number of denoising steps. More denoising steps usually lead to a higher quality image at the expense of slower inference.
- guidance_scale (`float`, optional, defaults to 7.5) — A higher guidance scale value encourages the model to generate images closely linked to the text `prompt` at the expense of lower image quality. Guidance scale is enabled when `guidance_scale > 1`.
- generator (`torch.Generator` or `List[torch.Generator]`, optional) — A `torch.Generator` to make generation deterministic.
- output_type (`str`, optional, defaults to `"pil"`) — The output format of the generated image. Choose between `PIL.Image` or `np.array`.
- cross_attention_kwargs (`dict`, optional) — A kwargs dictionary that if specified is passed along to the AttnProcessor as defined in `self.processor`.

Returns

`List[PIL.Image.Image]` or `np.array`

When returning a `List[PIL.Image.Image]`, the list consists of a batch of single-channel binary images with dimensions `(height // self.vae_scale_factor, width // self.vae_scale_factor)`. If it’s `np.array`, the shape is `(batch_size, height // self.vae_scale_factor, width // self.vae_scale_factor)`.

Generate a latent mask given a mask prompt, a target prompt, and an image.

    >>> import PIL
    >>> import requests
    >>> import torch
    >>> from io import BytesIO

    >>> from diffusers import StableDiffusionDiffEditPipeline

    >>> def download_image(url):
    ...     response = requests.get(url)
    ...     return PIL.Image.open(BytesIO(response.content)).convert("RGB")

    >>> img_url = "https://github.com/Xiang-cd/DiffEdit-stable-diffusion/raw/main/assets/origin.png"

    >>> init_image = download_image(img_url).resize((768, 768))

    >>> pipe = StableDiffusionDiffEditPipeline.from_pretrained(
    ...     "stabilityai/stable-diffusion-2-1", torch_dtype=torch.float16
    ... )
    >>> pipe = pipe.to("cuda")

    >>> pipeline.scheduler = DDIMScheduler.from_config(pipeline.scheduler.config)
    >>> pipeline.inverse_scheduler = DDIMInverseScheduler.from_config(pipeline.scheduler.config)
    >>> pipeline.enable_model_cpu_offload()

    >>> mask_prompt = "A bowl of fruits"
    >>> prompt = "A bowl of pears"

    >>> mask_image = pipe.generate_mask(image=init_image, source_prompt=prompt, target_prompt=mask_prompt)
    >>> image_latents = pipe.invert(image=init_image, prompt=mask_prompt).latents
    >>> image = pipe(prompt=prompt, mask_image=mask_image, image_latents=image_latents).images[0]

####
invert

< source >

( prompt: Union = None image: Union = None num_inference_steps: int = 50 inpaint_strength: float = 0.8 guidance_scale: float = 7.5 negative_prompt: Union = None generator: Union = None prompt_embeds: Optional = None negative_prompt_embeds: Optional = None decode_latents: bool = False output_type: Optional = 'pil' return_dict: bool = True callback: Optional = None callback_steps: Optional = 1 cross_attention_kwargs: Optional = None lambda_auto_corr: float = 20.0 lambda_kl: float = 20.0 num_reg_steps: int = 0 num_auto_corr_rolls: int = 5 )

Parameters

- prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, optional) — The prompt or prompts to guide image generation. If not defined, you need to pass `prompt_embeds`.
- image (`PIL.Image.Image`) — `Image` or tensor representing an image batch to produce the inverted latents guided by `prompt`.
- inpaint_strength (`float`, optional, defaults to 0.8) — Indicates extent of the noising process to run latent inversion. Must be between 0 and 1. When `inpaint_strength` is 1, the inversion process is run for the full number of iterations specified in `num_inference_steps`. `image` is used as a reference for the inversion process, and adding more noise increases `inpaint_strength`. If `inpaint_strength` is 0, no inpainting occurs.
- num_inference_steps (`int`, optional, defaults to 50) — The number of denoising steps. More denoising steps usually lead to a higher quality image at the expense of slower inference.
- guidance_scale (`float`, optional, defaults to 7.5) — A higher guidance scale value encourages the model to generate images closely linked to the text `prompt` at the expense of lower image quality. Guidance scale is enabled when `guidance_scale > 1`.
- negative_prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, optional) — The prompt or prompts to guide what to not include in image generation. If not defined, you need to pass `negative_prompt_embeds` instead. Ignored when not using guidance (`guidance_scale < 1`).
- generator (`torch.Generator`, optional) — A `torch.Generator` to make generation deterministic.
- prompt_embeds (`torch.FloatTensor`, optional) — Pre-generated text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs (prompt weighting). If not provided, text embeddings are generated from the `prompt` input argument.
- negative_prompt_embeds (`torch.FloatTensor`, optional) — Pre-generated negative text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs (prompt weighting). If not provided, `negative_prompt_embeds` are generated from the `negative_prompt` input argument.
- decode_latents (`bool`, optional, defaults to `False`) — Whether or not to decode the inverted latents into a generated image. Setting this argument to `True` decodes all inverted latents for each timestep into a list of generated images.
- output_type (`str`, optional, defaults to `"pil"`) — The output format of the generated image. Choose between `PIL.Image` or `np.array`.
- return_dict (`bool`, optional, defaults to `True`) — Whether or not to return a `~pipelines.stable_diffusion.DiffEditInversionPipelineOutput` instead of a plain tuple.
- callback (`Callable`, optional) — A function that calls every `callback_steps` steps during inference. The function is called with the following arguments: `callback(step: int, timestep: int, latents: torch.FloatTensor)`.
- callback_steps (`int`, optional, defaults to 1) — The frequency at which the `callback` function is called. If not specified, the callback is called at every step.
- cross_attention_kwargs (`dict`, optional) — A kwargs dictionary that if specified is passed along to the AttnProcessor as defined in `self.processor`.
- lambda_auto_corr (`float`, optional, defaults to 20.0) — Lambda parameter to control auto correction.
- lambda_kl (`float`, optional, defaults to 20.0) — Lambda parameter to control Kullback-Leibler divergence output.
- num_reg_steps (`int`, optional, defaults to 0) — Number of regularization loss steps.
- num_auto_corr_rolls (`int`, optional, defaults to 5) — Number of auto correction roll steps.

Generate inverted latents given a prompt and image.

    >>> import PIL
    >>> import requests
    >>> import torch
    >>> from io import BytesIO

    >>> from diffusers import StableDiffusionDiffEditPipeline

    >>> def download_image(url):
    ...     response = requests.get(url)
    ...     return PIL.Image.open(BytesIO(response.content)).convert("RGB")

    >>> img_url = "https://github.com/Xiang-cd/DiffEdit-stable-diffusion/raw/main/assets/origin.png"

    >>> init_image = download_image(img_url).resize((768, 768))

    >>> pipe = StableDiffusionDiffEditPipeline.from_pretrained(
    ...     "stabilityai/stable-diffusion-2-1", torch_dtype=torch.float16
    ... )
    >>> pipe = pipe.to("cuda")

    >>> pipeline.scheduler = DDIMScheduler.from_config(pipeline.scheduler.config)
    >>> pipeline.inverse_scheduler = DDIMInverseScheduler.from_config(pipeline.scheduler.config)
    >>> pipeline.enable_model_cpu_offload()

    >>> prompt = "A bowl of fruits"

    >>> inverted_latents = pipe.invert(image=init_image, prompt=prompt).latents

####
__call__

< source >

( prompt: Union = None mask_image: Union = None image_latents: Union = None inpaint_strength: Optional = 0.8 num_inference_steps: int = 50 guidance_scale: float = 7.5 negative_prompt: Union = None num_images_per_prompt: Optional = 1 eta: float = 0.0 generator: Union = None latents: Optional = None prompt_embeds: Optional = None negative_prompt_embeds: Optional = None output_type: Optional = 'pil' return_dict: bool = True callback: Optional = None callback_steps: int = 1 cross_attention_kwargs: Optional = None clip_skip: int = None ) →
StableDiffusionPipelineOutput or `tuple`

Parameters

- prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, optional) — The prompt or prompts to guide image generation. If not defined, you need to pass `prompt_embeds`.
- mask_image (`PIL.Image.Image`) — `Image` or tensor representing an image batch to mask the generated image. White pixels in the mask are repainted, while black pixels are preserved. If `mask_image` is a PIL image, it is converted to a single channel (luminance) before use. If it’s a tensor, it should contain one color channel (L) instead of 3, so the expected shape would be `(B, 1, H, W)`.
- image_latents (`PIL.Image.Image` or `torch.FloatTensor`) — Partially noised image latents from the inversion process to be used as inputs for image generation.
- inpaint_strength (`float`, optional, defaults to 0.8) — Indicates extent to inpaint the masked area. Must be between 0 and 1. When `inpaint_strength` is 1, the denoising process is run on the masked area for the full number of iterations specified in `num_inference_steps`. `image_latents` is used as a reference for the masked area, and adding more noise to a region increases `inpaint_strength`. If `inpaint_strength` is 0, no inpainting occurs.
- num_inference_steps (`int`, optional, defaults to 50) — The number of denoising steps. More denoising steps usually lead to a higher quality image at the expense of slower inference.
- guidance_scale (`float`, optional, defaults to 7.5) — A higher guidance scale value encourages the model to generate images closely linked to the text `prompt` at the expense of lower image quality. Guidance scale is enabled when `guidance_scale > 1`.
- negative_prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, optional) — The prompt or prompts to guide what to not include in image generation. If not defined, you need to pass `negative_prompt_embeds` instead. Ignored when not using guidance (`guidance_scale < 1`).
- num_images_per_prompt (`int`, optional, defaults to 1) — The number of images to generate per prompt.
- eta (`float`, optional, defaults to 0.0) — Corresponds to parameter eta (η) from the DDIM paper. Only applies to the DDIMScheduler, and is ignored in other schedulers.
- generator (`torch.Generator`, optional) — A `torch.Generator` to make generation deterministic.
- latents (`torch.FloatTensor`, optional) — Pre-generated noisy latents sampled from a Gaussian distribution, to be used as inputs for image generation. Can be used to tweak the same generation with different prompts. If not provided, a latents tensor is generated by sampling using the supplied random `generator`.
- prompt_embeds (`torch.FloatTensor`, optional) — Pre-generated text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs (prompt weighting). If not provided, text embeddings are generated from the `prompt` input argument.
- negative_prompt_embeds (`torch.FloatTensor`, optional) — Pre-generated negative text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs (prompt weighting). If not provided, `negative_prompt_embeds` are generated from the `negative_prompt` input argument.
- output_type (`str`, optional, defaults to `"pil"`) — The output format of the generated image. Choose between `PIL.Image` or `np.array`.
- return_dict (`bool`, optional, defaults to `True`) — Whether or not to return a StableDiffusionPipelineOutput instead of a plain tuple.
- callback (`Callable`, optional) — A function that calls every `callback_steps` steps during inference. The function is called with the following arguments: `callback(step: int, timestep: int, latents: torch.FloatTensor)`.
- callback_steps (`int`, optional, defaults to 1) — The frequency at which the `callback` function is called. If not specified, the callback is called at every step.
- cross_attention_kwargs (`dict`, optional) — A kwargs dictionary that if specified is passed along to the `AttentionProcessor` as defined in `self.processor`.
- clip_skip (`int`, optional) — Number of layers to be skipped from CLIP while computing the prompt embeddings. A value of 1 means that the output of the pre-final layer will be used for computing the prompt embeddings.

Returns

StableDiffusionPipelineOutput or `tuple`

If `return_dict` is `True`, StableDiffusionPipelineOutput is returned, otherwise a `tuple` is returned where the first element is a list with the generated images and the second element is a list of `bool`s indicating whether the corresponding generated image contains “not-safe-for-work” (nsfw) content.

The call function to the pipeline for generation.

    >>> import PIL
    >>> import requests
    >>> import torch
    >>> from io import BytesIO

    >>> from diffusers import StableDiffusionDiffEditPipeline

    >>> def download_image(url):
    ...     response = requests.get(url)
    ...     return PIL.Image.open(BytesIO(response.content)).convert("RGB")

    >>> img_url = "https://github.com/Xiang-cd/DiffEdit-stable-diffusion/raw/main/assets/origin.png"

    >>> init_image = download_image(img_url).resize((768, 768))

    >>> pipe = StableDiffusionDiffEditPipeline.from_pretrained(
    ...     "stabilityai/stable-diffusion-2-1", torch_dtype=torch.float16
    ... )
    >>> pipe = pipe.to("cuda")

    >>> pipeline.scheduler = DDIMScheduler.from_config(pipeline.scheduler.config)
    >>> pipeline.inverse_scheduler = DDIMInverseScheduler.from_config(pipeline.scheduler.config)
    >>> pipeline.enable_model_cpu_offload()

    >>> mask_prompt = "A bowl of fruits"
    >>> prompt = "A bowl of pears"

    >>> mask_image = pipe.generate_mask(image=init_image, source_prompt=prompt, target_prompt=mask_prompt)
    >>> image_latents = pipe.invert(image=init_image, prompt=mask_prompt).latents
    >>> image = pipe(prompt=prompt, mask_image=mask_image, image_latents=image_latents).images[0]

####
encode_prompt

< source >

( prompt device num_images_per_prompt do_classifier_free_guidance negative_prompt = None prompt_embeds: Optional = None negative_prompt_embeds: Optional = None lora_scale: Optional = None clip_skip: Optional = None )

Parameters

- prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, optional) — prompt to be encoded device — (`torch.device`): torch device
- num_images_per_prompt (`int`) — number of images that should be generated per prompt
- do_classifier_free_guidance (`bool`) — whether to use classifier free guidance or not
- negative_prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, optional) — The prompt or prompts not to guide the image generation. If not defined, one has to pass `negative_prompt_embeds` instead. Ignored when not using guidance (i.e., ignored if `guidance_scale` is less than `1`).
- prompt_embeds (`torch.FloatTensor`, optional) — Pre-generated text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs, e.g. prompt weighting. If not provided, text embeddings will be generated from `prompt` input argument.
- negative_prompt_embeds (`torch.FloatTensor`, optional) — Pre-generated negative text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs, e.g. prompt weighting. If not provided, negative_prompt_embeds will be generated from `negative_prompt` input argument.
- lora_scale (`float`, optional) — A LoRA scale that will be applied to all LoRA layers of the text encoder if LoRA layers are loaded.
- clip_skip (`int`, optional) — Number of layers to be skipped from CLIP while computing the prompt embeddings. A value of 1 means that the output of the pre-final layer will be used for computing the prompt embeddings.

Encodes the prompt into text encoder hidden states.

##
StableDiffusionPipelineOutput

###
class diffusers.pipelines.stable_diffusion.StableDiffusionPipelineOutput

< source >

( images: Union nsfw_content_detected: Optional )

Parameters

- images (`List[PIL.Image.Image]` or `np.ndarray`) — List of denoised PIL images of length `batch_size` or NumPy array of shape `(batch_size, height, width, num_channels)`.
- nsfw_content_detected (`List[bool]`) — List indicating whether the corresponding generated image contains “not-safe-for-work” (nsfw) content or `None` if safety checking could not be performed.

Output class for Stable Diffusion pipelines.

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