 dhiguva vachanam prakaaram ,  black antey emti ?
 black  ( deetaa nilwa )

 computing ‌ loo  ( pratyekamgaa deetaa trance ‌ mishan mariyu deetaa storages ),  ooka black ,  konnisarlu physically rikard ani pilustharu ,  idi bite ‌ lu ledha bitt ‌ l shraeniki ,  saadharanamga konni porthi sankhyalo recordulanu kaligi umtumdi ,  garista podavu umtumdi ;  ooka black parimaanam .  yea vidhamgaa roopondinchabadina deetaa black cheyabadindani cheppabadindi .  deetaanu black ‌ lalo unchae prakriyanu blocking antaruu ,  ayithe deblocking anede black ‌ l nundi deetaanu sangrahinche procedure .  black cheyabadina deetaa saadharanamga deetaa baffer ‌ loo nilwa cheyabaduthundhi mariyu ooka samayamlo motham black ‌ nu chadavadam ledha vraayadam .  black cheeyadam will ovar hd taggutumdi mariyu deetaa stream handleing ‌ ni vaegavantham chesthundu .  magnetic tape mariyu  CKD  disick parikaraala vento konni parikaraala choose ,  niroodhinchadam valana detaku avasaramaina baahya nilwa motham taggutumdi . 9- trac magnetic tape , NAND  flash memary mariyu flapy disick ‌ lu ,  haard disick ‌ lu mariyu optically disick ‌ l vento rotating meediaku deetaanu nilwa chesedappudu black cheeyadam dhaadhaapugaa vishvavyaaptanga pania chesthundu .

 chaaala fail sistom ‌ lu black parikarampai aadhaarapadi untai ,  idi nirdishta deetaa black ‌ lanu nilwa cheeyadam mariyu tirigi pondadam choose badyatha vahinche haard ‌ ware yokka samgrahana stayi ,  ayithe fail sistom ‌ lalo black parimaanam bhautika black parimaanamlo bahulamgaa vumdavacchu .  idi amtargata fragmentation kaaranamgaa spaces asamarthataku daariteestundi ,  endhukante fail podavulu tarachugaa black parimaanam yokka puurnaamka gunijaalugaa undavu mariyu fail yokka chivari black pakshikanga khaaligaa vumdavacchu .  idi slock spaces ‌ nu srustistundi . Btrfs  mariyu  FreeBSD UFS2  vento konni kothha fail sistom ‌ lu black sab ‌ lokeshan mariyu tail merging aney saanketikata dwara dheenini parishkarinchadaaniki prayathnisthayi . ZFS  vento itara fail sistom ‌ lu variable black parimaanaalaku maddatu isthaayi .

 black storages saadharanamga fail sistom ledha databases manage ‌ ment sistom  (DBMS)  dwara aplication ‌ lu mariyu thudhi viniyogadharula upyogam choose sangrahinchabadutundi .  black  I/O  dwara praapthi cheyabadina bhautika ledha tarkika valume ‌ lu sarvar ‌ loni amtargata parikaraalu kaavachhu ,  neerugaa  SCSI  ledha fiber chaanel dwara jodinchabadathaayi ledha  iSCSI  ledha  AoE  vento protocal ‌ ni upayoginchi storages are nett ‌ varey  (SAN)  dwara yaakses cheyabadina suduura parikaraalu kaavachhu . DBMS lu fail sistom piena  DBMS  layer ‌ lato polisthe merugaina paniteeru mariyu punaruddharana choose vaari swantha black  I/O ni tarachugaa upayogistaayi .
 computing ‌ loo  --  mariyu pratyekamgaa deetaa trance ‌ mishan mariyu deetaa storages ‌ loo  --  black anede anek recordulanu kaligi unna bite ‌ lu ledha bitt ‌ l shraeniki mariyu garista podavunu kaligi umtumdi .  deetaanu black ‌ lalo unchadaanni blocking ani pilustharu mariyu ovar ‌ hd ‌ ni taggistundi mariyu deetaa stream ‌ nu handle cheeyadaanni vaegavantham chesthundu .  black storages saadharanamga fail sistom ledha databases manage ‌ ment sistom dwara aplication ‌ lu mariyu thudhi viniyogadharula upyogam choose sangrahinchabadutundi .