 yugma vikalpam antey emti ?
 yugma vikalpam anede janyusaastram mariyu parinaamampai pramukha paatyapustakaalalo vivarimchina vidhamgaa ,  podavaina  DNA  anuvupai oche sthalamlo nucleotide ‌ l yokka adae shraeniki yokka vaividhyam .

" allel "  aney padm  " allelomorph "  yokka chinna roopam .

" janyuvu ledha edaina itara genyu moolakam yokka chromosome ledha genomic sthaanaanni locus  ( bahuvachanam :  lockie )  ani pilustharu mariyu locus oddha pratyaamnaaya  DNA  shrenulanu yugma vikalpaalu antaruu ."

 saralamaina yugma vikalpaalu singel nucleotide polymorphisms  (SNP),  ayithe avi anek vaela beys jatala varku choppinchadam mariyu tolagimpulu kudaa kaavachhu .

' yugma vikalpam '  yokka prasidha nirvachanalu saadharanamga janyuvulaloni vividha yugma vikalpaalanu Bara suchistayi .  udaharanaku , ABO  rakta samuham  ABO  janyuvuche niyantrinchabadutundi ,  indhulo aaru sadarana yugma vikalpaalu  ( vaividhaylu )  untai .  janaba janyusaastramlo , ABO  janyuvu choose dadapu prathi jiivi maanavuni samalakshanam yea aaru yugma vikalpaala kalaika .

 gamaninchina chaaala yugma vikalpaalu adi kood chese genyu utpatthi yokka paniteerulo takuva ledha etuvanti maarpunu kaligi undavu .  ayithe ,  konnisarlu ,  vibhinna yugma vikalpaalu vaervaeru varnadravyam vento vividha gamaninchadagina samalakshana lakshanaalaku daariteeyavachchu .  bathaaneelalooni thellupu mariyu uudaa puula rangulu remdu yugma vikalpaalato koodina oche janyuvu yokka phalitham ani gregor mendell kanugonnadi deeniki ooka mukhyamaina udaaharanha .

 dadapu anni bahulha selular jeevulu vaati jiva jeevita chakramloo aedo ooka samayamlo remdu setla chromosome ‌ lanu kaligi untai ;  antey avi deployed .  yea sandarbhamlo ,  chromosome ‌ lanu jatha cheyavachu .  jataloni prathi chromosome oche kramamlo oche janyuvulanu kaligi umtumdi mariyu chromosome podavutho paatu sthaanamloo umtumdi .  ichina janyuvu choose ,  remdu chromosome ‌ lu oche yugma vikalpaanni kaligi vunte ,  avi mariyu jiivi ,  aa janyuvuku sambandhinchi homozygus ‌ gaaa untai .  yugma vikalpaalu bhinnangaa vunte ,  avi mariyu jiivi aa janyuvuku sambandhinchi bhinnamainavi .