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Word Count: 612
The most obvious cultural changein Rome was the destruction of Paganism in this period and the complete supremacy attained by Christianity Constantine legalized Christianity in 313 and by the end of the fourth century Theodosius made it the official religion of the Empire encouragingwhich lead to the destruction of pagan temples and shrines Justinian in 529 closed the Academy of Athens the last bastion of paganism in Europe Churches were built throughout the empire and the many saints replaced the wide array of minor pagan gods Another major change was the rise of the barbarians and their cultural impact By 600 Gaul was virtually in the hands of the Franks Britain was ruled by the Anglo-Saxons Italy by the Lombards Spain by the Visigoths ect Only the East was still Roman And even in the case of the East it had transformed by this time into a Byzantine culture a mixture of Greek and Roman with heavy influences from Persia The sense of a united Europe under one Empire was gone Rome no long saw itself as encompassing the entire world as it once did but instead saw itself as an island of civilization in a world of barbarism Additionally the whole Roman social structure had changed The Equestrian class was totally gone by the 4th Century and by 600 Patrician was no longer a social class but a honorary title The Roman people as a whole were organized into a sort of caste system Most workers were organized into guilds where they were legally bound to remain For example a baker would become a member of the guild of bakers he would have to remain a baker his whole life and his children would have to become bakers Members of some guilds were even branded or tattooed because apparently they tired to escape their jobs This system would have been unheard of in 100 CE the political changes in Rome Over the course of
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