Rapid scale urbanization in a population of 1.34 billion Indians, growing exponentially at a growth rate of 1.2% has surmounted the issue of untreated sewage rapidly degrading the life cycle of flora and fauna. Untreated sewage surmounts to approximately 75% of the surface water contamination in the country. When sewage enters a lake or stream, microorganisms begin to decompose the organic materials. This impacts both the ecology and economy as well as imposes severe health risks. Sewage-contaminated water causes eutrophication, which is the increase in concentration of chemical elements required for life, thus decreasing the amount of dissolved oxygen necessary for aquatic life. Sewage pollution has been attributed to causing gastrointestinal disorders in humans like Giardiasis, Amoebic Dysentery and Cholera. Moreover debris associated with sewage hampers the aesthetic value of the environment.
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