On the cut surface of the pelvis identify the pubic symphysis and the retropubic space (of Retzius), which is located just posterior to it.
Next, examine the urinary bladder. This hollow muscular organ, when empty, lies in the true pelvis supported by the fibers of levator ani muscle and the upper part of the vagina. The most anterior and superior part of the bladder is called the apex. The median umbilical ligament, a remnant of the urachus, extends from the apex of the urinary bladder to the umbilicus. The posterior surface of the bladder is called the base of the urinary bladder.On the internal inferoposterior surface of the bladder, identify the trigone (Figure 43.4). This smooth triangular shaped area is bounded superolaterally by the openings of the ureters and inferiorly by the internal urethral orifice. The remainder of the internal surface of the bladder has thick mucosal folds.
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