Types Of Children’s Bacterial Illness To Recognize Them & To React ProperlySurgeryPediatric
Winter is traditionally the season in which outbreaks of measles appear again. They are particularly prevalent in nurseries and gardens, where a greater number of children are in close contact with each other.
Varicella is another of the most contagious diseases in general, but with few exceptions and compliance with some rules, it passes harmlessly. Approximately 90% of all uninfected chickenpox gets ill when in contact with a patient or carrier. Disease passes more easily in children than in adults, with no medication, therapy or other intervention required. Most often children aged 5 to 9 are affected, but once they have passed, immunity is acquired to life.
What are the symptoms?
The disease is caused by the varicella-zoster virus and is transmitted by direct contact, inhalation or infusion of fluid from the mucous membranes. Symptoms develop very quickly and the first is a high, atypical temperature with no signs of any other illness. After a day or two, the first rashes appear, and two days after that the patient becomes infectious. The rash of varicella is most common in the abdomen, groin, but can also occur in unusual places like scalp, eyelids, ears, genitals. The first rashes are isolated spots, as large as grain, then they form as bumps. A bubble of liquid is blurred at the top, which darkens, then they burst and crust forms on the top. Scars do not generally remain after the chickenpox, but it is good to get the crusts to fall by themselves.
What should we do?
The incubation period begins two days after the first buds and lasts until they are covered with crusts. Once the GP has detected a chickenpox, it provides recommendations for relieving the disease. Insulation (quarantine) is generally recommended, as the patient is highly contagious, both high-fever and pruritus. Nails should be cut and the pimples should not be ripped off. Ripening will not create new ones, but the wounds may become infected. Do not take any treatment of the buds without consulting your doctor.
Scarlet fever is another common pattern in the winter months and children’s public institutions. Unlike varicella, however, it is not caused by a virus but by bacteria – haemolytic streptococci that emit toxins into the blood. The mode of contamination is analogous – direct contact, air-droplet path. Scarlet fever is a contagious disease that should be more severely observed as it develops some complications that may be dangerous for young children – traditionally ill for 3-13 year olds. The other difference in chickenpox is that immunity is not acquired to scarlet fever.
What are the symptoms?
The incubation period lasts from 2 to 7-10 days, with scarlet fever usually starting as angina (pain and inflammation in the throat, swollen lymph nodes, fever), which develops into purulent angina (visible secretion of pus in the tonsils and throat). Her most characteristic feature, however, is so-called. “Raspberry tongue” – the language of the infected ones is actually swollen, so it looks red-hot. Very few are cases when this symptom is not present. The rashes are reddish spots of fine dots that fade under pressure. Localizes inside the limbs, folds, oral cavity, never on the face.
What should we do?
In case of doubt about scarlet fever, a doctor should be immediately approached to confirm and appoint treatment as the disease is very rapid and the complications are not harmless, especially for children. Treatment is usually antibiotic because it is a bacterial infection against which they are effective. It is important to take plenty of fluids to quickly expel the body from the toxin.
What to Remember About Chickenpox and Scarlet Fever:
- Both diseases begin with high fever and rash, highly contagious.
- In case of suspicion – immediate review of the personal physician for confirmation and appointment of treatment.
- Immediately have to report to the infirmary to report quarantine in the group and register the case with the RIPCPH.
- Patients should be isolated, in contact with others to be warned that the child is sick and / or contagious.
- Give them plenty of fluids and be monitored for deviations in the course of the disease.
- Do not take self-medication.
Measles and rubella are the latest types of pattern more common in children. Rubella is extremely dangerous for pregnant women, especially in the first trimester. It causes severe damage to the fetus and is recommended to interrupt pregnancy.
Therefore, if there is any suspicion of measles or an epidemic in the city, infirmary, or group, it is necessary to go to a doctor and determine if there is an infection.