Hofstadter, Richard, The Idea of a Party System: The Rise and Fall of Legitimate Opposition in the United States, 1780-1840 (Berkeley: U of California P, 1969).
Kammen, Michael, Mystic Chords of Memory: The Transformation of Tradition in American Culture (New York: Vintage Books, 1991).
Marling, Karal Ann. George Washington Slept Here: Colonial Revivals and American Culture, 1876-1986. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1988.
Savage, Kirk, "The Self-Made Monument: George Washington and the Fight to Erect a National Memorial" in Critical Issues in Public Art, Harriet F. Senle and Shirley Webster, eds.
Schwartz, Barry. George Washington: The Making of An American Symbol. New York: The Free Press (a division of MacMillan, Inc.), 1987.
Van Buren, Martin, An Inquiry into the Origin and Course of Political Parties in the United States (New York: Hurd and Houghton, 1867).
Woodward, W.E. George Washington: The Image and the Man. New York: Boni and Liveright, Inc., 1926.
Weems, Mason Locke. A History of the Life and Death, Virtues, and Exploits of General George Washington. Philadelphia; J.B. Lippincott, 1918.
Weems, Mason Locke. The Life of George Washington, with Curious Anecdotes Equally Honorable to Himself, and Exemplary to His Young Countrymen. Philadephia: Joseph Allen, 1847.
Acknowledgement (From the original version, Spring 1995):
Two of these books, Barry Schwartz's George Washington: The Making of An American Symbol and Karal Ann Marling's George Washington Slept Here, proved to be invaluable resources during the creation of this document. Both provided the backbone of material for this document, supplied an abundance of paintings and artifacts, and became springboards for new ideas. We are grateful to both authors for illustrating how images can be and are disseminated through time.