From the very beginning of astronomy, from the time of Galileo, astronomers have one common goal: to see more, to see further, to see deeper. And the Hubble Space Telescope, launched in 1990, is a huge step in that direction. The telescope is located in Earth’s orbit above the atmosphere, which could distort and not transmit radiation coming from space objects. Due to its absence, astronomers obtain the highest quality images with Hubble. It is almost impossible to overestimate the role that the telescope played for the development of astronomy – Hubble is one of the most successful and long-term projects of the NASA space agency. He sent hundreds of thousands of images to the Earth, shedding light on many secrets of astronomy. He helped determine the age of the Universe, identify quasars, prove that massive black holes are located in the center of galaxies, and even set up experiments to detect dark matter.
Hubble Hubble’s discoveries have changed the way astronomers look at the universe. The ability to see in great detail helped turn some astronomical hypotheses into facts. Many theories were discarded in order to go in one right direction. Among Hubble’s achievements, one of the main ones is the determination of Continue reading
It is not surprising that the first flight of the spacecraft above Earth orbit was directed to the moon. This honor belongs to the Soviet spacecraft Luna-l, which was launched on January 2, 1958. In accordance with the flight program, after a few days it passed at a distance of 6,000 kilometers from the surface of the moon. Later that same year, in mid-September, a similar Moon series device reached the surface of the Earth’s natural satellite.
A year later, in October 1959, the Luna-3 automatic apparatus, equipped with apparatus for photographing, surveyed the far side of the Moon (about 70% of the surface) and transmitted its image to Earth. The device had an orientation system with sensors of the Sun and the Moon and jet engines running on compressed gas, Continue reading
Traditionally, two main types of landscape — continents and the sea — stand out on the moon. The prevailing shape of the relief of the lunar surface is the lunar seas, which are huge in size basins of dark color. Of course, there is no water in these seas, but so these depressions were named in the distant past for their dark color; these names have survived to this day. Smaller dark spots, by analogy with the seas, received the names of bays, lakes and swamps. The main seas are concentrated within the visible hemisphere. The largest marine formation is the Ocean of Storms. Adjacent to it is the Sea of Rains from the northeast, the Sea of Humidity and the Sea of Clouds from the south. In the eastern half of the disk visible from the earth, a chain stretched from the northwest to the southeast of the Sea of Clarity, the Sea of Tranquility and the Sea of Plenty. The Sea of Nectar adjoins this chain from the south, and the Sea of Crisis from the northeast. Relatively small marine areas are located on the border of the visible and reverse hemispheres. These are the East Sea, the Regional Sea, the Smith Sea and the South Sea. On the reverse side, there Continue reading