|peso uruguayo (Spanish)|
|Symbol||$ or $U|
|Banknotes||$20, $50, $100, $200, $500, $1000, $2000|
|Coins||$1, $2, $5, $10, $50|
|Central bank||Central Bank of Uruguay|
|Source||Uruguay, December 2009.|
- This article is about the present currency of Uruguay. For Uruguay's earlier monetary history, see Currency of Uruguay.
Uruguayan peso has been a name of the Uruguayan currency since Uruguay's settlement by Europeans. The present currency, the peso uruguayo (ISO 4217 code: UYU) was adopted in 1993 and is subdivided into 100 centésimos.
Uruguay obtained monetary stability in 1896, based on the gold standard. This favorable state of affairs ended after World War I. An unsettled period followed. Economic difficulties after World War II produced inflation, which became serious after 1964 and continued into the 1970s.
The peso was replaced on 1 July 1975 by the nuevo peso (new peso; ISO 4217 code: UYN) at a rate of 1 new peso for 1000 old pesos. The nuevo peso was also subdivided into 100 centésimos.
After further inflation, the peso uruguayo (ISO 4217 code: UYU) replaced the nuevo peso on March 1, 1993, again at a rate of 1 new for 1000 old.
Uruguayans became accustomed to the constant devaluation of their currency. Uruguayans refer to periods of real appreciation of the currency as atraso cambiario, which literally means that "the exchange rate is running late". As a consequence of the instability of the local currency, prices for most big-ticket items (real estate, cars and even executives' salaries) are denominated in U.S. dollars.
During the military rule, the peso was on a crawling peg to the dollar. A table of the future value of the dollar was published daily by the government (called the tablita). In 1982, the currency was devalued ("the tablita was broken"), throwing thousands of companies and individuals into bankruptcy. In the 1990s, a new mechanism to provide predictability was introduced, this time in the form of a sliding range, with top and bottom margins, at which the government would intervene. In 2002, after a banking crisis and amid a huge budget deficit, the currency was again allowed to float, losing almost 50% of its value in a couple of weeks, and, again, throwing into bankruptcy thousands of companies and individuals who held debts denominated in US dollars.
In 2004 a phenomenon completely new to most Uruguayans developed: the currency appreciated in nominal terms against the US dollar, going from 30 to 24 pesos to the dollar. By 2008 the peso reached 19 to the US dollar, recovering more than half of its loss during the crisis. This revaluation brought protests from the industrial sector, which felt that it lost competitiveness. The government hopes that a floating currency will "de-dollarize" the economy. Uruguay does not seem to have found a mechanism that provides the exchange rate some level of predictability, while at the same time allowing the country to adapt its prices so that its exports remain competitive.
In 1994, stainless-steel 10, 20 and 50 centésimos and brass 1 and 2 pesos uruguayos were introduced. 5 and 10 pesos uruguayos were introduced in 2003 and 2000, respectively. The coins replaced same value notes. Coins in circulation are:
- 1 peso uruguayo
- 2 pesos uruguayos
- 5 pesos uruguayos
- 10 pesos uruguayos
- 50 pesos uruguayos
In July 2010, 50 centésimos coins were withdrawn from circulation.
New 1, 2, 5, and 10 pesos coins were introduced in January 2011.
In 1995-1996, banknotes in denominations of, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 pesos uruguayos were introduced, followed by 2000 pesos uruguayos in 2003. 5 and 10 notes have been replaced by coins in 2003. Banknotes in circulation are:
- 20 pesos (Juan Zorrilla de San Martín).
- 50 pesos (José Pedro Varela)
- 100 pesos (Eduardo Fabini)
- 200 pesos (Pedro Figari)
- 500 pesos (Alfredo Vásquez Acevedo)
- 1000 pesos (Juana de Ibarbourou)
- 2000 pesos (Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga)
The 5 peso and 10 peso banknotes have been withdrawn from circulation, given the introduction of the coins of the same value.
|Banknotes of the Uruguayan Peso (Current series)|
|||20 pesos Uruguayos||Dark green and violet||Juan Zorilla de San Martín||Allegory "Legend of the Fatherland"||José Gervasio Artigas|
|||50 pesos Uruguayos||Black, red and violet||José Pedro Varela||Varela monument in Montevideo||José Gervasio Artigas|
|||100 pesos Uruguayos||Purple and dark brown||Eduardo Fabini||God Pan||José Gervasio Artigas|
|||200 pesos Uruguayos||Dark brown-violet||Pedro Figari||"Baile Antiguo" (Old Dance)||José Gervasio Artigas|
|||500 pesos Uruguayos||Blue-gray, violet and pale red||Alfredo Vázquez Acevedo||University of the Republic in Montevideo||José Gervasio Artigas|
|||1000 pesos Uruguayos||Brown and olive-green||Juana de Ibarbourou||Ibarbourou Square, books||José Gervasio Artigas|
|||2000 pesos Uruguayos||Gray and light olive-green||Damaso Antonio Larrañaga||National Library 28.05.1816 (May 28, 1816)||José Gervasio Artigas|
|Current UYU exchange rates|
|From Google Finance:||AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD BRL ARS|
|From Yahoo! Finance:||AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD BRL ARS|
|From XE:||AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD BRL ARS|
|From OANDA:||AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD BRL ARS|
|From fxtop.com:||AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD BRL ARS|
- "XE.com. World Currency Symbols." Accessed 23 Feb 2011.
- "Coins minted in accordance with Law 18.135" (PDF) (in Spanish). Central Bank of Uruguay. 01-11-2011. Check date values in:
- Krause, Chester L.; Clifford Mishler (1991). Standard Catalog of World Coins: 1801–1991 (18th ed.). Krause Publications. ISBN 0873411501.
- Pick, Albert (1994). Standard Catalog of World Paper Money: General Issues. Colin R. Bruce II and Neil Shafer (editors) (7th ed.). Krause Publications. ISBN 0-87341-207-9.