In Florence or Sweet Fennel (var. dulce) the greatly enlarged leaf bases form a bulb-like structure 3 to 4 inches in diameter which is called the "apple". When blanched by earthing up it is cooked as a vegetable, but the stalks, resembling anise-flavored celery, can also be eaten raw. As the plants grow rapidly, make successional sowings two weeks apart.
It propagates well by seed, but can also be propagated by root and crown division. The seed can also be planted late in fall. When well established, thin plants to stand 8 to 12 inches apart in the row. Plants can also be started indoors and transplanted to the field when 3 or 4 inches tall.
Outdoors, containers (sow directly in pots, do not transplant), hydroponics.
Fennel grows to a height of 18 to 24 inches (45 - 60cm).
Fennel plants should be spaced 9 to 12 inches (22 - 30cm) apart.
Preferred pH Range
Fennel will grow in a relatively wide pH range between 6.1 (mildly acidic) and 8.0 (mildly alkaline) with a preferred range between 7.0 and 8.0.
From seed. Direct sow outdoors in fall or in spring after last frost, does not transplant well.
Seed Germination Period
8 to 12 days.
Seeds Per Gram (Approximate)
Between 200 and 300.
Well-drained, deep, moderately fertile soil.
Alternative Growing Media
Soilless potting mixes, perlite, vermiculite, rockwool, coco peat, Oasis foam.
Time From Seed to Saleable Plant
Sun & Lighting Requirements
Fennel grown outdoors prefers full sun.
8a to 10b. Fennel florance grown as annual.
Water on a regular schedule, do not overwater.
Potential Pests & Diseases
Aphids. Damping off.
Fennel is known to attract bees, butterflies or birds. Suitable for containers.
GROWING FENNEL FROM SEED
POTTING UP FENNEL
HOW TO USE FENNEL