Histamine H1 Receptors
Histamine H1 receptors are Gαq/11-protein-coupled receptors that mediate allergic responses. These receptors are expressed in a wide variety of tissues including the gastrointestinal tract, CNS, airway and vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells.
H1 receptors are also expressed in chondrocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, dendritic cells, T and B lymphocytes, adrenal medulla, and the cardiovascular and genitourinary systems.
H1 receptor activation induces a wide range of biological responses due to their widespread distribution. In smooth muscle, H1 activation increases tension and the contractile response, and in vascular endothelial cells receptor activation increases cell permeability. In the adrenal medulla, histamine acting at H1 receptors stimulates both adrenalin and noradrenalin release. Furthermore, H1 activation induces prostacyclin and platelet-activating factor synthesis, promotes von Willebrand factor and nitric oxide release, liberates arachidonic acid from phospholipids, and causes vasodilation of capillaries and arterioles.
At a physiological level, H1 receptors are involved in a wide array of processes including thermal regulation, memory and learning, and control of the sleep-wake cycle, food intake, and emotional and aggressive behavior.
Histamine acting through the H1 receptor has proinflammatory effects, and is involved in the development of various aspects of the antigen-specific immune response. Activation of these receptors triggers maturation of dendritic cells and modulates the balance of Th1 and Th2 cells. H1 receptors are involved in the pathological process of allergy, including allergic rhinits, atopic dermatitis, anaphylaxis and asthma, and also have a role in autoimmune diseases and malignancy.
The human gene encoding this receptor has been localized to chromosome 3p14-21.View all products for Histamine H1 Receptors »
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Literature for Histamine H1 Receptors
A collection of over 450 products for G protein-coupled receptors, the listing includes research tools for the study of:
- Rhodopsin-like Receptors
- Secretin-like Receptors
- Glutamate Receptors
- Frizzled Receptors
- GPCR Signaling
Written by Iwan de Esch and Rob Leurs, this review provides a synopsis of the different histamine receptor subtypes and the ligands that act upon them; compounds available from Tocris are listed.Download PDF | View all reviews
Written by Peter Barnes, this poster highlights key pathways in the development of asthma. Special focus is given to new therapies used to treat asthma, including those currently in clinical development; treatment pathways include lipid mediator inhibitors, cytokine modulators and mast cell-directed therapies. Compounds available from Tocris are listed.Request copy | View all posters
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