Across Russia's geographic regions, average low temperatures range from 40 degrees F to -50 degrees F. This resulted over time in a wide variety of plants that were brought to and cultivated in other areas of the world. Russia is particularly well-known as the birthplace of three plant types prevalent in western landscapes.
Most often associated with a relaxing cup of hot tea, chamomile (Matricaria recutita) is Russia's national flower. Known for its fruity fragrance, it is member of the daisy family and native to western Asia. According to e-Floras.org, chamomile over time has been used as a remedy for such ailments as hysteria and nervous diseases, gangrene and typhoid. It's also been combined with bittersweet to treat bruises, sprains, calluses and corns.
According to the International Society of Horticultural Science publication, "Collection of Rhododendrons in Russia," the region claims 10 species and 2 subspecies of native rhododendrons. They are widely grown in botanical gardens throughout Russia. Most of these are deciduous, given climate climate conditions. The ISHS states that the most popular species currently grown in Russia include Rhododendron catawbiense Michx., Rh. maximum L., Rh. brachycarpum D. Don., Rh. smirnowii Trautv.
Several varieties of iris commonly seen in western gardens call Russia their native habitat. The region claims at least 60 species in all. Perhaps the most recognizable Russian native is Iris siberica, the Siberian iris. Various cultivars are widely popular in gardens throughout the U.S., featuring narrow leaves and several flower colors. The Siberian iris features two to three groups of white or violet petals.