Alternate Titles: OPV, oral polio vaccine, oral poliovirus vaccine
Learn about this topic in these articles:
development by Sabin
...the incidence of polio in the United States fell from 18 cases per 100,000 people to fewer than 2 per 100,000. In the 1960s a second type of polio vaccine, known as oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) or Sabin vaccine, named for its inventor American physician and microbiologist Albert Sabin, was developed. OPV contains live attenuated (weakened) virus and is given orally.
There are two types of polio vaccine: the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), also known as the Salk vaccine after its inventor, Jonas Salk; and the oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), or Sabin vaccine, named for its inventor, Albert Sabin. IPV, based on killed, or inactivated, poliovirus serotypes 1, 2, and 3, was the first vaccine to break the scourge of polio epidemics in the 1950s. It is...
...it may not produce substantial local gastrointestinal immunity and, therefore, may not prevent the carrying of the virus in the gastrointestinal tract. Live, attenuated, oral poliomyelitis virus ( Sabin vaccine) induces both local gastrointestinal and systemic antibody production; thus, immunization by mouth is preferred.
...of which has not changed significantly for decades. The vaccines available are the “killed” (Salk) vaccine, composed of inactivated virus of the three types, and the “live” (Sabin) vaccine, composed of genetically attenuated viruses of the three types. In developed countries these vaccines, which were introduced in the 1950s, have lowered the incidence of paralysis...
...to cause serious illness but retain the ability to stimulate immunity. They may produce a mild or subclinical form of the disease. Attenuated vaccines include those for measles, mumps, polio (the Sabin vaccine), rubella, and tuberculosis. Inactivated vaccines are those that contain organisms that have been killed or inactivated with heat or chemicals. Inactivated vaccines elicit an immune...
work of Salk
...the incidence of polio in the United States fell from 18 cases per 100,000 people to less than 2 per 100,000. In the 1960s a second type of polio vaccine, known as oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) or Sabin vaccine—named for its inventor, American physician and microbiologist Albert Sabin—was developed. OPV contains live attenuated (weakened) virus and is given orally.