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- Main article: Standard scores
Stanine (STAndard NINE) is a method of scaling test scores on a nine-point standard scale with a mean of five (5) and a standard deviation of two (2).
Test scores are scaled to stanine scores using the following algorithm:
- Rank results from lowest to highest
- Give the lowest 4% a stanine of 1, the next 7% a stanine of 2, etc., according to the following table:
The underlying basis for obtaining stanines is that a normal distribution is divided into nine intervals, each of which has a width of one half of a standard deviation excluding the first and last. The mean lies approximately in the centre of the fifth interval.
Stanines can be used to convert any test score into a single digit number. This was valuable when paper punch cards were the standard method of storing this kind of information. However, because all stanines are integers, two scores in a single stanine are sometimes further apart than two scores in adjacent stanines. This reduces their value.
- Ballew, Pat Origins of some arithmetic terms-2. Retrieved Dec. 26, 2004.
- Boydsten, Robert E. (February 27, 2000), Winning My Wings
- Harcourt Assessment Inc. Harcourt Assessment, Inc. - Resources - Glossary of Terms. Retrieved Dec. 26, 2004nl:Stanine
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