Author Ольга Кияница
Neparoxysmal tachycardia is still known under another definition - an accelerated ectopic rhythm. It is far from being always correctly diagnosed due to its poorly expressed clinic. In the long run, it can provoke insufficient activity of the heart.
Pathology often develops in childhood, cases of non-paroxysmal tachycardia in young people have been reported. In adults, the impairment of rhythm is not defined.
Most of the causes of the disease are associated with cardiovascular disorders. For pathology diagnostics, standard electrocardiography, ultrasound of the heart is used, load tests can be performed to stimulate the attack. If worried about the risk of non-paroxysmal tachycardia, then it's time to turn to the cardiologist for effective treatment at an early stage of the pathology.
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Description of non-paroxysmal tachycardia
In the process of suppressing the activity of the sinus node, an acceleration of the ectopic rhythm can develop. Also, the development of the pathology may be associated with the activation of cells in the atrioventricular compound.
Under the influence of various factors, the conducting heart system is able to change. Against this backdrop, favorable conditions are created for violating the normal occurrence and transfer of the excitation wave. In most cases, the cells of the AV node are activated, due to which the sinus rhythm is muffled and an accelerated ectopic arises.
During non-paroxysmal tachycardia, the main role of the rhythm driver often performs the atrial-ventricular compound, therefore, impulses to the ventricles are fed precisely with the AV node. At the same time, the atria begin to contract under the influence of both sinus and atrioventricular node.
Non-coordinated contraction of the ventricles and atrium due to violations of the electrical activity of the heart departments leads to an increase in the frequency of heart contractions, and the ventricles can work more intensely than the atrium.
Symptoms of non-paroxysmal tachycardia
Pathology is accompanied by an increase in the heart rate within a range of 100-130 beats per minute. In children, especially under the age of three, heart rate can be 200 strokes or more. Despite this, similar rates are much lower than in paroxysmal tachycardia, and somewhat more than those developed with slow slipping rhythms.
The development of non-paroxysmal tachycardia in infants often leads to complicated passage of the perinatal period.Such children are more susceptible to infectious diseases, which are often chronically leaky. Adverse conditions for the growth of such children (scandals in the family, the presence of bad habits from parents, frequent conflicts with peers) further worsen the predictive value of the disease.
Children rarely complain of heart attacks, so very often, non-paroxysmal tachycardia is not detected or determined on routine inspections.
In some cases, non-paroxysmal tachycardia is accompanied by the following symptoms:
- weakness and fast fatigue;
- nausea and abdominal pain;
- dizziness and headaches;
- emotional lability.
Sometimes a child develops a pathological condition and in the future feels normal. But in some cases, a chronic course of non-paroxysmal tachycardia is observed, which is often confirmed by external symptoms: pallor of the skin, insufficient weight, asthenic type of physique. Children in such cases are poorly adapted in society, and any change in them can cause depression. By their nature, they are aggressively tuned, while the neurologist can account for various vegetative disorders of sympathetic or mixed type (nerve ticks, stuttering, enuresis, etc.).
In patients with non-paroxysmal tachycardia, hereditary diseases of the cardiovascular pathology and psychosomatic disorders may be noted in patients. These can be arrhythmias, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, thyroid gland hyperfunctions. Similar and other illnesses are often observed in close relatives of the patient.
Causes of non-paroxysmal tachycardia
There are a number of reasons that most often contribute to the development of non-paroxysmal tachycardia:
- Cardiovascular diseases (arterial hypertension, myocardial infarction, myocarditis, pulmonary heart, CHD).
- Toxic effects of some drugs (cardiac glycosides).
- Operative heart surgery.
- Disorders of electrolyte metabolism (hypokalemia).
In childhood, especially in infants, it is rather difficult to establish a reliable cause for the development of non-paroxysmal tachycardia, especially in the absence of cardiac pathology. In such cases, specialists are more inclined to a possible root cause in the form of neurological disorders.
Species / photos of non-paroxysmal tachycardia
The following forms of non-paroxysmal tachycardia are most often isolated: supraventricular (atrial), atrioventricular and ventricular. Between them, they differ in their prognostic value, which is less favorable in the case of ventricular non-paroxysmal tachycardia.
The clinical course and the nature of the manifestations of the main forms of non-paroxysmal tachycardia are almost the same. To a certain extent, there is a pronounced symptom when the accelerated ectopic rhythm from the ventricles develops. This pathology also has a greater risk of developing such a complication of the disease, such as heart failure.
Diagnosis of non-paroxysmal tachycardia
The diagnosis of non-paroxysmal tachycardia is based on the symptoms of the disease, which must meet the following criteria:
- the heart rhythm increases gradually and in the same way comes to the norm;
- The heart rate in adults is 100-130 beats per minute .;
- ventricular rhythm is not disturbed;
- the signs of a non-sinusoid rhythm driver are determined;
- between the atrium and the ventricles there is dissociation.
All the necessary information is collected using standard electrocardiography, which may be complemented, if necessary, by the electrophysiological method of investigation.
Treatment and prevention of non-paroxysmal tachycardia
Depending on the location of the ectopic focus, the following courses of medication therapy are used:
- Verapamil, Cordaron, Propranolol are used to rescue the atrial neuproxysmal tachycardia.
- Beta-adrenergic blockers are used to stop ventricular non-paroxysmal tachycardia. allapine novocainamide, cordarone.
Attacks of arrhythmia can go on their own or with medications, which in more than half of cases do not allow to achieve the desired results.
The emergence of non-paroxysmal tachycardia against excessive use of cardiac glycosides is treated by their abolition and the appointment of detoxification therapy. In the presence of hypokalemia prescribed treatment, correcting the level of potassium in the blood.
Children with neurological disorders and non-paroxysmal tachycardia often undergo the following treatment:
- reception of psychotropic drugs (tezercine, senorma);
- use of metabolic metabolism stimulators (pyridotol);
- individually selected vascular medications.
Prevention of the disease is not developed today, so attention is paid to prevent the development of attacks of non-paroxysmal tachycardia. For this, provocative factors should be eliminated and the first symptoms of the disease should be addressed to the doctor.