Characteristics and performance of natural fibre based composites can be altered through the incorporation of filler material in order to achieve acceptable properties for application in engineering. Academics working with the science of materials are currently exploring cellulose based fibres for use in extended applications due to their promising characteristics like low densities, acceptable mechanical characteristics, eco-friendliness and inexpensiveness. The property and performance enhancement of natural fibre composites is key to achieving acceptable properties similar to conventional fibres. Bulk literature has alluded to the addition of filler material in cellulose based fibre composites for enhancing the mechanical properties of the resulting composite. Filler materials in a form of nano-fillers or particulates are investigated to improve essential properties of composites such as hydrophilicity, mechanical and thermal properties. The current review studies the numerous filler material that exists and their effect on the mechanical characteristics of cellulose based fibre composites.