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|When did Chandragupta Maurya begin the conquest of india?
|What dynasty did Chandragupta founded?
|Maurya Dynasty,with a stretching from Bactria to Ganges
|Whats the Kautalas advice manual?
|Arthashastra ,which outlined administrative methods
|Ashoka Maurya (reigned 268-232 B.C.E.)
|conquered Kalinga in 260 B.C.E. and ruled through organized bureaucracy ,capital Pataliputra,polices written on rocks,his death lead the empires decline
|Who ruled in northwest India for two centuries?
|nomads from Central Asia that conquered and ruled
|The kushans ....
|Had a crucial role in Silk Road trading network
|What did Chandra Gupta (375-415 C.E.) founded?
|The Gupta dynasty
|The Gupta dynasty
|Smaller and more decentralized than Maurya, Invasion of White Huns weakened the empire, After the fifth century Gupta dynasty continued in name only,and large regional kingdoms dominated political life in India
|Towns and trade
|Towns provided manufactured products and luxury goods and active marketplaces, especially along Ganges
|To who did the towns of the countryside of india traded with?
|Persia, China, Indian Ocean basin, Indonesia, southeast Asia, Mediterranean basin
|Gender relations: patriarchal families, female subordination, child marriage
|With what did the new social groups of artisans, craftsmen, and merchants appeared?
|With trade and commerce and those groups functioned as sub castes, or jati
|Who saw unprecedented wealth?
|Vaishyas and shudras
|Who's old beliefs and values became increasingly irrelevant?
|The Aryan society
|Vardhamana Mahavira (Jina)
|founded Jain religion in 5th century B.C.E.
|Jainist doctrine and ethics
|Inspired by the Upanishads which means everything in universe has a soul
|Principle of ahimsa,
|nonviolence toward all living things
|individual souls equally participated in ultimate reality
|What did Jains did not recognize?
|social hierarchies of caste and jati
|Siddhartha Gautama (563-483 B.C.E.)
|What did Siddhartha Gautama do?
|Gave up his comfortable life to search for cause of suffering,received enlightenment,
|Where was the first sermon about 528 B.C.E.
|at the Deer Park of Sarnath
|What did Siddhartha Gautama did with the followers?
|He organized them into a community of monks.
|Buddhist doctrine beliefs
|The Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold Path are the way to end suffering and suffering is caused by desire.
|Whats the Religious goal?
|personal salvation, or nirvana, a state of perfect spiritual independence
|What did it appealed?
|It appealed strongly to members of lower castes because it did not recognize social hierarchies of castes and jati.
|was less demanding than Jainism, which made it more popular.
|The monastic organizations were?
|extremely efficient at spreading the Buddhist message and winning converts to the faith
|converted and became important patron of Buddhism
|made heavy demands on individuals
|Development of Buddhism between 3rd century B.C.E. and 1st century C.E.
|Buddha became a god, "an enlightened being"
|What did Monasteries began to accept?
|they accept gifts from wealthy individuals
|How does these changes became to known as?
|Who promoted new faith?
|The emergence of popular Hinduism
|changed into a Hindu story
|A short poetic work:
|dialogue between Vishnu and warrior Illustrated expectations of Hinduism and promise of salvation
|Achieve salvation through meeting caste responsibilities and lead honorable lives in the world
|Who did hinduism replaced?
|Buddhism in India