News: The 14th National Health Profile (NHP) 2019 has been released on 3oth October 2019.
About National Health Profile (NHP)
- It is an annual publication released by the Central Bureau of Health Intelligence (CBHI). The first NHP was released in 2005.
- It covers all the major information on Demography, Socio-Economic Status, Disease Morbidity & Mortality, Healthcare Finance, Human Resources in Health and Healthcare Infrastructure.
Key takeaways from NHP 2019
- Life Expectancy: According to the report, life expectancy in India increased from 49.7 years in 1970-75 to 68.7 years in 2012-16. For the same period, the life expectancy for females is 70.2 years and 67.4 years for males.
- Maternal, Neonatal, Nutritional Diseases and Other Communicable Diseases:
- The disease burden due to communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases, as measured using disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)), dropped from 61% to 33% between 1990 and 2016.
- However, there is an accelerated rise in the prevalence of chronic non-communicable (NCD) diseases.
- The disease burden due to non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cancers, mental health disorders and injuries increased from 30% to 55% between 1990 and 2016.
- Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) accounted for 69.47% of morbidity which was the highest in the communicable disease category leading to 27.21% mortality.
- Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal reported a large number of patients and fatalities due to ARI.
- Infant And Maternal Mortality Rate:
- Infant Mortality Rate in India which was at 74 (per 1000 live births) in 1994 has declined considerably to 33 (Per 1000 live births) in 2017.
- Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) has reduced by 77% from 556 per 1 Lakh live births in 1990 to 130 per 1 Lakh live births in 2016
- Anaemia continues to remain a huge health concern: According to the report, over half the children between 6 and 59 months (58.4%) and women in the age group 15-49 are anaemic.
- Doctor to Patient Ratio: There is only one allopathic government doctor for every 10,926 people in India against the WHO’s recommended doctor-population ratio of 1:1000.
- Healthcare Spending: India’s public spending on healthcare continues to remain the lowest globally. As per the report, India’s public expenditure on health now stands at 1.28 per cent of the GDP.
Central Bureau of Health Intelligence (CBHI):
- It was established in 1961 by the Act of Parliament on the recommendation of Mudaliar committee.
- It is the Health Intelligence Wing under Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare.
- Key Objectives:
- To collect, analyse & disseminate Health Sector related data of India for evidence based policy decisions, planning and research activities.
- To identify & disseminate innovative practices for Health Sector Reforms.
- To function as collaborating centre (CC) for WHO Family of International Classifications (WHO-FIC) in India & SEAR countries.