alanine aminotransferase (ALT) - one of the main indicators in the defeat of the liver cells and heart muscle.Key indicators to use ALT - a toxic liver damage, preventive examinations and viral hepatitis.
also ALT is an enzyme involved in cellular metabolism of amino acids.The greatest amount thereof - in the kidneys, liver, heart and skeletal muscle.Since ALT is localized mainly in the cytoplasm of the cell, any damage to bear an increase in the content or activity of this enzyme.
In acute or chronic organic lesions can occur, which will be accompanied by cell death etiology, leading to the exit ALT into the blood from the lesion.The initial increase in enzyme activity in acute myocardial infarction occurs in about 6 - 12 hours., And coincides with the peak activity of ALT.
most characteristic is the increase in alanine aminotransferase levels in liver disease, hepatitis, or are accompanied by toxic effects.Also, the enzyme ALT is a parameter for evaluating the severity of hepatitis A, B and C.
The highest increase in enzyme activity is observed in acute viral hepatitis.At congenial disease normalization of activity occurs within a month.In the event that this period was delayed, this may indicate the transition from acute to chronic hepatitis.
In chronic hepatitis, liver metaphases, liver cancer, as well as in infectious mononucleosis observed a slight increase in ALT activity.Alanine can also increase in myocardial infarction, but considerably less, at least compared with the aspartate aminotransferase (AST).In order to deliver the most accurate diagnosis, we calculate the coefficient de Rytis which is the ratio of ALT to AST.
AST ALT rate is 1,3 ± 0,4.It is exceeded in the defeat of the heart muscle.When necrosis of liver cells in viral hepatitis ALT AST rate is reduced to 0.6 - 0.8.These figures are quite widespread in Ukraine and Europe, but on the basis of certain chemicals, these figures can vary slightly.All depends on the set of reagents that define the enzymes ALT and AST as well as laboratories that when determining transaminase usually attach rate.
In acute hepatitis, ALT levels exceeded the norm more than the ACT.A myocardial infarction exceeded last longer.Since this ailment ALT rate increases less coefficient de Rytis significantly increasing.A viral hepatitis ALT rate of return within a few weeks.
In adults and children older than one year for men it is 10-40 units per liter of blood, and for women - 7-35.From birth to one year ALT rate in children is approximately 13 to 45 units per liter of blood.
Indications for this analysis are usually the diagnosis of liver diseases, differential diagnosis, donor survey study in the outbreak of viral hepatitis, miokardnaya pathology, as well as diseases of the skeletal muscles.
ALT levels should be measured on an empty stomach in the morning, because during the day rate may change.The indicator can be increased in the event that the body weight is outside the normal limits.
Study on ALT produced biochemical method using serum free from hemolysis in a special test tube with red cap, or in a plastic screw cap.Stored serum is not more than a day.