Relg 102 Exam 4
Terms in this set (62)
Seal of the Prophets
Night of Ascension
Muhammad was born
Muhammad first got the revelation from God. He wasn't the first one, he was just the last one. The message isn't new, it's just that this is the last time it's given.
The government wanted Muhammad dead because he'll mess up the way the government is. He hid in a cave, and a spider named Sikina (Shekinah in Hebrew). It made the web look old so people looking for him wouldn't think he was in the cave
when the Muslim calendar begins (Year 1).
when the tribal clan warfare begin, for 8 years. Struggle between people of Mecca & people of Medina over:
1. Belief in one God vs. many
2. Political and economic power of the middle east
Muhammad dies. Abu Bakar (his confidant) says for those upset or that worshiped Muhammad, he is dead and was a man and prophet. For those of you that love and worship Allah, he is alive and eternal. let Muhammad go because he's just a prophet, and focus on Allah
verse of the Koran; sign of Allah
Turn yourself in any direction you choose, and you'll see the face of Allah
Sunni's believe should be leader. Successor to the prophet
to remember the message.
you need to actively apply your faith
the angel/messenger speaking to him. He squeezes a message out of Muhammad while he's in the cave saying "There is only one God. There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his messenger. He cannot be split into 3, so there is no trinity."
sayings of Muhammad that aren't in the Quran
the 5th pillar
Once a year, every year, Muslims make a pilgrimage to Mecca. Now in commemoration of when Muhammad and his supporters made a pilgrimage back to Mecca
migration of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina (Yathrib)
struggle to interpret. Do people have the ability to interpret, or can only Caliph's/Imans
should be religious leader and descendant of Muhammad - Shi'a belief
Title for person carrying the initiatic tradition of the Prophetic Light
submission; should be spelled with lowercase 'i'; action that tells you to submit or surrender
ignorance or forgetfulness.
jihad -greater and lesser
struggle to remember Allah in everything you do
Greater: your personal "walk" with Allah
Lesser: holy war
John 14:16, 26 - Paraclete
another advocate to replace Jesus. He who will speak in the same name with the same message.
Isa tells us there will be an advocate in the future (Muhammad), but there have also been some in the past.
first building built towards one God; Monotheism
With the culture in Mecca then, it was originally polytheistic.
With klan, power, and political protection
an unbeliever; he/she/they who forget Allah
theology; arabic philosophical movement that studies essence of Allah, not attached to religion
Muhammad's first wife that died of natural causes.
city where group of Jews are from. They tell Muhammad to come to their city, help them economically, politically, etc., and they'll keep him safe and convert to Islam. Was renamed Medina
small corner in a mosque that shows you qibla (direction)
the withdrawers that have withdrawn from the argument over who the leader should be
one who submits or surrenders; asks you to submit/surrender your will to the will of Allah
direction of Mecca and direction in which you pray
Ritual fast from sun up to sun down for 30 days in memory of those who've come before you
Ritual prayer 5 times a day
listening; all sounds in the universe are Allah speaking
If you listen, you'll be encouraged to dance, sing, etc.
- get lost in the music and repeat the name of Allah
profession of faith through prayer; 2 parts
1. There is no God, but God
2. Muhammad is his messenger
al-Lah means oneness
Sufi mystic teacher/masterr
Allah's voice made manifest in your actions; law
there are many ways to get to Allah. The straightest path that takes you to a place of safety
Will take you away from your own acts and lead you to submission/surrender. Must be contained in the Quran, which claims to be directly from Allah. Problem is when it's difficult to interpret the Quran
The minority branch of Islam which tells that Muhammad legitimate successors were 'Ali and a series of Imams; a follower of this branch
having an association with something that's not Allah; the worst thing you can do
Sufism is the mythical version of Islam; claim you have to die before you die if you ever want to meet Allah. Kill yourself (not literally) before it's too late.
Develop tradition based on never forgetting the name of Allah. Goal is to overcome sense of autonomy
1. Because we can't give up our sense of self, we're veiling ourselves from God
2. We're veiling ourselves from our brothers and sisters
Actions of Muhammad, not in Quran, but source of Shari'ah law. Example of Muhammad
leader should be a political leader elected by the public
Follower of the majority branch of Islam, which tells that successors to Muhammad are to be chosen by the Muslim community
A chapter of the Holy Qur'an
inner path; path to the Kab'ah of the heart
according to Sufi's, you don't need to go on hajj (5th pillar). If you can turn your face in any direction and see the face of Allah, then you don't need to go anywhere. if allah is expressed in everything, then he's in you as well - you need to know yourself
oneness or unity of Allah. One God. Monotheism.
five ritual acts of Islam that you can do to remember the oneness of Allah, individually and culturally
They help you remember (surrender to remember); remembering helps you submit/surrender. They do NOT make you clean from sin
1. Shahadah: profession of faith; anytime you want
2. Salat: ritual prayer 5 times a day, facing Mecca
3. Zakat: alms-giving; act of submitting yourself by giving up some of your own stuff & help those that need it more. Qur'an says make as much as you can so you can give out as much as you can. Metaphoric for surrendering one's will - whenever you can.
4. Sawn: fasting; Ramadan
5. Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca to the Kabba at least once in your lifetime
the first Muslim community formed. He changes name of Yathrib to Medina. Home of the Ummah, and first city of people who submit their will to Allah
"And to Allah belongs the east and the west. So wherever you might turn, there is the face of Allah." - TAWHID
Turns for every marriage offer because dedicating herself to one person would take away from her dedication to Allah.
Government officials try to force her to marry; she runs through the street naked with bucket of ice water (for hell) & torch (to light cool tranquility of heaven)
Elephant & polytheistic monism
Dhu'l-Nun, 'lisan ul-hal'
Allah is in lisun ul-hal: the listening of listening itself. Allah's word is everywhere; you don't need any intermediaries b/w you and Allah(Iman, Caliph, etc.)
Bayezid Bastami, 'subhani'
Subhani; strips in front of people and says he's Allah
"I am apart of Allah's creation, therefore I am Allah"
Mansur al-Hallaj, 'ana 'l-haqq'
99 names of Allah; God is more than can be known, so he has 99 names
"ana'l-haqq": I am the truth
He becomes an orthodox Islam, unbeliever
haqq means truth
They think he's spending too much time thinking about himself and not Allah. He argues the opposite. They arrest and kill him
Fana: to extinguish, get rid of, overcome the self and your individuality. Once that's done,
Baqa: rebirth; what's reborn is not you
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