Bacteria represents essential class of micro-organisms that play a crucial role in the development of infection of any disease to the human being and animal kingdom. Bacteria are divided into two types on the basis of gram staining test, namely; gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria.
Gram-positive bacteria retain the gram stain and hence are observed as violet purple colored stains when observed under microscope. These are distinguished from gram-negative bacteria, which are colored with red stains. Gram-positive bacteria represents the major class of bacteria and are responsible for infecting humans and animals with variety of acute and chronic diseases. Gram-positive bacteria are further divided on the basis of their shapes, such as, cocci and bacilli.
The market of gram-positive bacterial infections is segmented on the basis of various bacteria that belongs to the class, such as, bacillus, lactobacillus, actinomyces, clostridium, staphylococcus, streptococcus, listeria, enterococcus, mycobacterium, and many others. Further, the market is also segmented on the basis of diseases caused by gram-positive bacteria, such as, tuberculosis and other respiratory diseases, anthrax, newborn meningitis, acne, and many others. Moreover, it is segmented on the basis of antibacterial drugs, such as, B-lactum antibiotics (Penicillin), clavulanic acid (Augmentin), aminoglycosides (Streptomycin), glycopeptides (Vancomycin), polypeptides (Bacitracin), rifamycins (Rifampicin), chloramphenicol, tetracycline and many others.
Additionally, the market is segmented on the basis of geography, such as, North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of the World (RoW). At present, North America and Europe are the most prominent markets, owing to growing prevalence of various gram-positive bacterial infections and associated diseases. However, Asia-Pacific and some countries in RoW region are expected to show lucrative growth in upcoming period, owing to rapidly growing prevalence and awareness about the diseases caused due to gram-positive bacteria and their chronic effects.
The market is expected to show a prominent growth during the forecast period 2014 – 2020. This growth is expected to be driven by factors, such as, increasing prevalence of various gram positive bacterial infections and extensive R&D practices ongoing across the globe. These factors are supported by rising awareness about infections and diseases and increasing medical expenditure. Rising prevalence of infectious diseases is the most important factor that drive the growth of the market to a higher end. According to the WHO, tuberculosis is the second greatest killer across the globe and killed around 1.3 million people in 2012, throughout the world. Thus, such infections prevalence is an important growth driver of the market. Further, due to extensive R&D practices, a number of drugs and formulations are on the way to enter in the market during the forecast period 2014 -2020. Some of the important pipeline products include LTX-109, PYN-6, RX-P792, XF-70, and TD-1607 amongst others. In addition, various schemes by the WHO, such as, DOTS and Stop TB Strategy (particular for tuberculosis), helps in increasing awareness amongst the population, that fuels the growth of the market. On the other hand, factors such as government austerity, high cost of treatment and R&D, and ignorance towards the symptoms may hamper the growth of the market to certain extent.
Some of the major players engaged in R&D and commercialization of the products in the Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections market include Basilea Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Cubist Pharmaceuticals, Novabiotics Ltd., TAXIS Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Aphios Corporation, Pfizer, Inc., GSK plc, Theravance, Inc. amongst many others.
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