Sylvester Magee was born a slave, enlisted in the war as a Confederate, defected and fought for the Union, then lived to be 130 years old.
On Oct. 5, 1971, an old man named Sylvester Magee died. Although he had no birth certificate or any living kin to corroborate his story, he said he was 130 years old. Not only that, he claimed to be the last surviving American slave, the last surviving Union veteran of the Civil War, and also – weirdly – the last surviving Confederate. But how accurate are his claims?
The Origins Of Sylvester Magee’s Wild Tale
Sylvester Magee said he was born in North Carolina on May 29, 1841. His parents Ephriam and Jeanette were slaves on the J.J. Shanks plantation, where Sylvester worked until he was 19. It was then he was sold to a slave owner named Hugh Magee, who owned the Lone Star Plantation in Covington County, Miss.
At the beginning of the Civil War in 1861, Sylvester Magee acted as an arms-bearer to his master, which made him a de facto Confederate soldier.
Sometime between 1861 and 1863, Magee was sold to slaveowner Victory Steen in Florence, Miss., but in 1863 he escaped to the North and enlisted in the Union army. Supposedly, he took part in the assault on Vicksburg and the Battle of Champion Hill. Decades after the war, he recalled his time:
“I was 22 years old, and all I had ever known was plowing, scraping and picking cotton, sawing logs and doing other things on a farm. But 382 blacks and 500 whites were given long-barrel rifles, many of them in the same boat as me. One poor white boy cried most of the time. I tried to comfort him, telling him he hadn’t done anything to anybody and the good Lord just wouldn’t let nothing happen to him. But he cried right on.”
Following the war, Magee claimed to have returned to Mississippi as a freedman and found work with a white farmer in Columbia.
Until the early 1900s, he moved around performing odd jobs. Finally, he found work as a sawmill operator for $10 a week.
His Later Years
It wasn’t until Sylvester Magee allegedly turned a whopping 124 years old that his story became national news.
In 1965, an amateur historian named A.P. Andrews went to Hattiesburg, Miss. to interview Magee. It was then that Magee claimed he was a veteran of the Confederate army, the Union army, and a former slave, which would have made him the last surviving slave.
Andrews’ interview with Magee received national attention. Stories about old slaves were commonplace, but one about the oldest slave, not to mention his army record, were of particular interest. As more people became fascinated with his story, other reporters, magazines, and newspapers came forward hoping to get in on the action. By the time Sylvester Magee died in 1971, there were troves of interview materials archived away.
In 2016, a history professor at the University of Southern Mississippi named Max Grivno resurrected the case. In his research, he discovered several boxes of folders, scrapbooks and audio recordings of interviews with Magee that had gone untouched for 40 years.
Unfortunately, nothing in them confirmed his age or wild tales about serving both sides of the Civil War. Even among the extensive research in the boxes, there was no birth certificate or enlistment record.
What was there, however, was certification from Alfred P. Andrews, the founder of the Jackson Civil War Round Table that Magee had been classified as a Civil War veteran. Andrews claimed that historians stated it would have been impossible for Magee to have relayed such detailed accounts of Civil War battles without having lived through them, especially considering the fact that he was completely illiterate.
Among the research, there was also proof that he had had a 124th birthday party.
On May 29, 1965, Governor Paul Johnson declared the day “Sylvester Magee Day” in Collins, Miss., where he hosted a birthday party at a country store in Magee’s honor. A life insurance company also declared him the oldest living U.S. citizen, and President Lyndon B. Johnson sent him a birthday card.