Morphology: Gram-negative cocci in pairs, giving a “coffee bean” appearance
Habitat: Lives in the mouth, nose and throat of 3 – 30% of healthy humans without causing disease
Disease or illness: Causes a very serious infection of the spinal column (meningitis), bloodstream and lungs. These infections are very serious and often fatal.
Who is at risk: Infants and children younger than 5 years of age; young adults, especially those living in close contact with other people like in college dormitories or military barracks
Prevention: Don’t let others cough or sneeze in your face; wash hands; discard and do not touch used tissues. A vaccine is available for those traveling to areas where the disease is common and for teenagers entering college or the military.