Breast Cancer in Women: Classification, Factors and Symptoms
According to statistics, every year in the world are recordedcases of oncology and dysplastic processes in the thoracic region. In the first place according to WHO stands the breast cancer of women. The number of deaths from this pathology is very high. This is due to the late detection of oncology. According to doctors, deaths could be avoided if screening in the population (preventive examination) was carried out massively and regularly.
Scientifically proven risk factors
The hypothesis about the development of oncology of mammary glands is based on the theory and practice of numerous factors of its development. These include:
- The female age is 50-55 years. American experts have revealed that this category of people is much more common this disease;
- exposure to radiation waves after receiving radiation therapy (in the sternum) or living in hazardous areas;
- excess weight (obesity);
- genetic mutation;
- Family history - blood relatives already had breast cancer;
- late menopause, after 55 years;
- earlier onset of menstruation (before 12 years);
- HRT (hormone replacement therapy) after the onset of menopause;
- at risk are women who first gave birth after 35 years of age;
- Alcohol abuse;
- Concomitant diseases: diabetes, hypothyroidism, hypertension.
One of the most dangerous precancerousdisease doctors believe fibro-cystic mastopathy. Breast cancer in women can be detected at the initial stage of its development with the help of mammography, MRI and ultrasound. Also, regular self-examination will help to identify early pathological changes and prevent metastases.
Types of Tumors
There are several forms of breast cancer: diffuse and nodal. The second form is diagnosed much easier by the presence of a characteristic clinical picture. The most frequent signs include the following changes: nodules that can be displaced, retracted and wrinkled.
In the diffuse form, an increase is observedtemperature for no apparent reason, puffiness, thickening, reddening of the skin and a pronounced vascular network around the areola nipple. It requires careful diagnosis and control of the identified breast cancer in women.
Symptoms of breast cancer
All the below described signs are not alwaystalk about the presence of dysplastic processes. Other diseases are also characterized by such symptoms (swelling of the ribs, Paget's cancer). Any changes should encourage you to complete a survey. Timely appeal to the oncologist-mammologist will prevent serious consequences. It is worth to see a doctor if:
- with palpation, there is a displacement of the site (breach of the contour of the breast);
- Detection of a tuberous form with fuzzy contours near the nipple or axillae;
- changes in the structure of the skin, puffiness and "lemon peel" effect are noted;
- when examined by a doctor, pulling up the subcutaneous tissue is determined;
- entrainment of the nipple;
- Peeling, irritation and reddening of the nipple;
swelling of the breast;
- the formation of sores (indicates a neglected stage);
- signs of deformation;
- an increase in lymph nodes.
In difficult situations, the doctor resorts to additional diagnostic techniques to understand the stage at which breast cancer occurs in women: MRI, biopsy, thermography and ultrasound.
How to treat?
Malignant breasts are more likely to besurgical intervention. Much depends on the location of the tumor, the result of histological examination, the degree of germination and size. When setting an alarm forecast with metastases, the doctor removes sternal cancer in women.
The operation is aimed at excision of a cancerous tumorwithin the layer of tissue formation or removal of the mammary gland. But before such a difficult step the doctor will test all methods with the goal of destroying cancer cells. Chemotherapy, hormonal and radiotherapy are prescribed.
The first, second and third stages of oncology are subject toOnly an operative intervention to prevent relapse. The fourth form is the most dangerous, not amenable to a medical event. Remember, breast cancer in women remains the most common and poorly understood problem. It does not have an absolutely identical etiological basis.