fluid builds up inside the abdomen, it is known as ascites. Ascites usually
occurs when the liver stops working properly. Fluid fills the space between the
lining of the abdomen and the organs.
with cirrhotic ascites have a two-year survival rate of approximately 50 percent. If you experience ascites
symptoms, talk to your doctor as soon as possible.
Ascites Causes and Risk Factors
is most often caused by liver scarring. This increases pressure inside the
liver’s blood vessels. The increased pressure can force fluid into the
abdominal cavity, causing ascites.
damage is the single biggest risk factor for ascites. Some causes of liver
- hepatitis B or C
- a history of alcohol use
conditions that may increase your risk of ascites include:
- ovarian, pancreatic, liver, or
- heart or kidney failure
Symptoms of Ascites
of ascites can appear either slowly or suddenly, depending on the cause of the
don’t always signal an emergency, but you should talk to your doctor if you
experience the following:
- sudden weight gain
- a distended (swollen) abdomen
- difficulty breathing when lying
- diminished appetite
- abdominal pain
- nausea and vomiting
mind that ascites symptoms may be caused by other conditions.
ascites takes multiple steps. Your doctor will first check for swelling in your
abdomen. Then they’ll probably use imaging or another testing method to look
for fluid, including:
- CT scan
- blood tests
Treatment for Ascites
for ascites depends on what’s causing your condition.
are commonly used to treat this condition. They increase the amount of salt and
water leaving your body to reduce pressure within the veins around the liver.
you’re on diuretics, your doctor may want to monitor your blood chemistry. You’ll
probably need to reduce your alcohol use and salt intake.
procedure uses a thin, long needle to remove the excess fluid. It’s inserted
through the skin and into the abdominal cavity. There is risk of infection, so
people who undergo paracentesis may be prescribed antibiotics.
treatment is used most commonly when the ascites is severe or recurrent.
Diuretics don’t work as well in such late-stage cases.
extreme cases, a permanent tube called a shunt is implanted in the body. It
reroutes blood flow around the liver.
doctor may recommend liver transplant if ascites does not respond to treatment.
This is generally used for end-stage liver disease.
can’t be prevented. However, you can lower your risk by protecting your liver
with these healthy habits:
- Drink alcohol in moderation. This
can help prevent cirrhosis (scarring of the liver).
- Get vaccinated for hepatitis B.
- Practice safe sex. Hepatitis can
be spread sexually.
- Avoid intravenous drug use.
Hepatitis can be transmitted through shared needles.
- Be aware of the potential side
effects of your medications. If liver damage is a risk, talk to your doctor
about whether your liver function should be tested.