Which method for determining the age of artifacts measures the rate of decay in atoms in volcanic rock?
What does the out of Africa theory maintain?
Modern humans originated in Africa and migrated to other parts of the world.
Which of these characteristics is not true of early hunter-gatherers?
They traded extensively with other communities.
What happened as a result of humans settling down into agricultural villages?
Social roles and work definition began to change.
Why did a division of labor occur when people started to produce a surplus of food?
People were left with time to do other jobs.
What effect did the invention of writing have in the ancient world?
Information and culture spread to new places.
The invention of bronze in ancient Sumer was so significant because it __________.
improved agriculture and gave rulers more power
How were scholars able to translate hieroglyphic symbols?
By comparing a message written in both hieroglyphics and Greek, scholars were able to translate the hieroglyphic symbols.
Which was a first step in the development of civilizations in both the Egyptian and Mesopotamian societies?
development of irrigation
Why don't we have more information about the Indus Valley civilization?
Archaeologists and historians have been unable to decipher the Indus Valley writing.
Which was a result of the physical geography of ancient China?
isolation from other early civilizations
Which New Kingdom pharaoh outlawed the worship of many gods and established a new religion with one, all-powerful god?
How were many of the New Kingdom pharaohs able to undertake such enormous building projects?
They used slave labor and the wealth they gained from tribute and trade.
Which is the best definition for empire?
an area or political unit in which formerly independent states are under the control of one ruler
How did Sargon raise money to pay his army and buy the loyalty of his supporters?
by controlling trade routes and taxing merchants
What was the significance of the Code of Hammurabi?
The laws were displayed throughout the empire for all to see.
Why did the Hittites migrate from central Asia to Mesopotamia?
They needed more land for growing populations.
What did an abundant supply of slaves and the wealth from tribute, plunder, and trade allow Egyptian pharaohs and other rulers to do?
build huge monuments and temples and develop infrastructure
How did Darius of Persia maintain control over his empire?
He divided it into provinces and assigned satraps to govern them.
Why did the Persian Empire decline in power?
Fights for the royal throne broke out and governors stopped following orders.
Which statement about Persian culture is true?
The Persians adopted whatever they found useful from other cultures.
Which were achievements of the Chaldean Empire?
Hanging Gardens of Babylon; Ishtar Gate; precise observations of the stars
In which way were the Assyrian and Persian empires alike?
They were both divided into provinces and had systems of communication.
Why were the people in early farming communities able to focus on different kinds of work?
Improved farming techniques resulted in food surpluses.
Which best describes a result of division of labor in early farming communities?
Social roles began to change.
Why were early clans of hunter-gatherers not considered civilizations?
They did not have division of labor.
Why did the world's first civilizations develop in river valleys?
The land in river valleys supported agriculture.
Why is the Code of Hammurabi such an important factor in the development of empires?
Everyone in the empire could see the laws.
Which New Kingdom pharaoh built several large temples and monuments, including Abu Simbel?
What is the New Kingdom pharaoh Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten) known for?
establishing a new, monotheistic religion
Which describes accomplishments of the Persian Empire?
using governors and an infrastructure to maintain control
Which empire's accomplishments include the Ishtar Gate, the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, and a knowledge of astronomy and medicine?
Which empire, forged by Hammurabi, produced the first code of laws available for all to see?
Which was not a method used by early empire builders to gain and maintain power?
building new temples
Which two groups migrated into modern-day Turkey and Iran from what is now southern Russia and later formed empires?
Hittites and Aryans