Seventy-one percent of the earth’s surface is blue. While we label different parts of that blue with regionally inspired names it is in fact a single ocean, seamlessly connecting all peoples of the world.The Pacific Ocean is the largest identified expanse within our global ocean. At its northern reaches lie the Hawaiian Islands. At the south-western corner are the Kermadec Islands of New Zealand. At the south-eastern corner is the island group of Rapa Nui (Easter Island) and Sala y Gómez. All have been identified by the Pew Environment Group’s Global Ocean Legacy Project as lying at the centre of three of the most important and unspoiled marine ecosystems on the planet.
FROM RANGITAHUA TO RAPA NUITHE KERMADEC EXHIBITION VISITS EASTER ISLAND
PACIFIC CONNECTIONSSeventy-one percent of the earths surface is blue. While we label different parts of that blue with regionally inspired names it is in fact a single ocean, seamlessly connecting all peoples of the world. The Pacific Ocean is the largest identified expanse within our global ocean. At its northern reaches lie the Hawaiian Islands. At the south-western corner are the Kermadec Islands of New Zealand. At the south-eastern corner is the island group of Rapa Nui (Easter Island) and Sala y Gmez. All have been identified by the Pew Environment Groups Global Ocean Legacy Project as lying at the centre of three of the most important and unspoiled marine ecosystems on the planet. In ancient times island voyagers crossed the Pacific giving shape to the Polynesian triangle. In later times whalers and sealers, explorers and settlers, crossed the Pacific to feed commerce and the yearning for new beginnings. Today trade, security, tourism and fisheries see the Pacific crisscrossed by vessels of increasing size and capacity. The largest ocean space on the planet is full of activity and increasingly marked by our human footprint. In July 2012, the Pew Environment Group facilitated transport of a travelling Kermadec art exhibition to Rapa Nui. Inspired by a voyage by nine artists to the Kermadec region in 2011, the Kermadec exhibition is challenging, inspiring and passionate. The works in it celebrate the wonder of the Kermadec ocean wilderness and its connections with the wider Pacific. Over two weeks Kermadec artists, the Pew Environment Group, and the peoples of Rapa Nui discovered and explored the natural, linguistic and cultural connections that the waters of the Pacific have created. Building on those connections, the peoples of New Zealand and Rapa Nui celebrated the ocean, shared its stories and imagined its future. The following visual record is a tribute to our ocean Mata Ui Moana Nui Jay Nelson, Ernesto Escobar, Bronwen Golder, The Pew Environment Group
Prow of HMNZS Otago approaching Raoul Island, May 2011 Photograph by Jason OHara
My canoe is large It breaks open the waves.... I taste your soil It is bitter It has no sun No moon No starry salivaJohn Pule
Prow of fishing boat with Kermadec artists on board, off the coast of Easter Island, July 2012 Photograph by George Fyfe
We reach out and touch
what is forever and what is
forever beyond reach.
Giant stone Moai on Easter Island, July 2012 Photograph by Bruce Foster
BEYOND THE HORIZONFor the artists involved, the Kermadec voyage in May 2011 was just the beginning of a much longer voyage, one which has involved each of them exploring, questioning and coming to understand, in new and unexpected ways, the relationship between humanity and the oceanic environment. The exhibition on Rapa Nui added further resonance and meaning to the earlier experiences of making and exhibiting art, and of interacting with the peoples of the Southern Pacific.
When I came to your shore I was a nobody I had no name I am what you call a stateless man I was blind but then I touched this soil I saw a moon I had an immense feeling...John Pule
Tafa Tafa, Ornate (fakamanaia) 2012 John Pule oil, enamel, ink, varnish and polyurenthene on stretched canvas 1500 x 1500mm
John Pule on Easter Island, July 2012 Photograph by George Fyfe
OLD AND NEW TRADITIONS, RAPA NUIOn the morning of 10 July 2012, over 100 people gathered outside the Liceo Lorenzo Baeza Vega to celebrate, in traditional Rapa Nui fashion, the opening of the Kermadec exhibition. By the time the guests arrived, a chicken had been baking for some hours in an underground oven directly in front of the entrance to the exhibition. The formal welcome comprised oratory, singing, drumming and dancing, preceded by a blessing from the islands Catholic priest. The Rapa Nui performers removed the cooked bird from the ground, placed it on a flax basket and offered it to artist Robin White, who tore off a portion and approved it. The chicken was then served to the other visitors and, finally, local people. On behalf of the artists, City Gallery Wellington curator Reuben Friend replied with a spirited mihi (ceremonial greeting). Everyone was then invited into the exhibition, as White chanted a karanga (call of greeting). Drink and food were served outside while, inside the hall, there was much talk about the art on display, its role within a wider projectRapa Nui ceremony, Hanga Roa, Easter Islands capital, 10 July 2012 Photographs by Robin White, except lower right photograph by Bruce Foster
of oceanic conservation, and its particular relevance to Rapa Nui/Easter Island. In the days that followed, the exhibition proved both a catalyst and a platform for discussions about subjects as varied as marine preservation, cultural relationships across the Pacific, and both traditional and contemporary approaches to artmaking. Robin Whites huge tapa (stencilled bark cloth), Rangitahua, proved an inspiration for Rapa Nui artists such as Isabella Pakarati, who are devoted to keeping alive their own indigenous tradition of tapa making.
Installation of Kermadec exhibition Top left: construction of temporary wall in school hall; top right: Entrance to exhibition; lower left: Gregory OBrien painting frieze inside hall; lower right: Bruce Foster, Reuben Friend, Luz Zasso Paoa (mayor of Rapa Nui), Gregory OBrien, John Pule, Robin White. Photographed by Robin White, Bruce Foster and Gregory OBrien
Kermadec exhibition Top left: Robin White and Jose Cardinali with Oneraki; top right: Works by White, Thomson, Reynolds and OHara; lower left: Works by OBrien, OHara, collaborative works by Pule and OBrien, and Foster; lower right: Bruce Foster filming (for Rapa Nui TV) Ernesto Escobar, Simon Pakarati Auila and Bronwen Golder. Photographed by Robin White, Bruce Foster and Gregory OBrien
VOYAGE OF AN EXHIBITIONFollowing an immensely successful showing at the New Zealand High Commission in Tonga during May, Pew Environment Group decided that the Kermadec exhibition should travel to Easter Island in early July. A school hall near the centre of Hanga Roa proved an ideal place to hang the works. Upon arrival on the island, the artists accompanied by Bronwen Golder, George Fyfe, Reuben Friend and curator-coordinator Chris Cane set to work transforming the hall into an art gallery. Local carpenters had been enlisted some weeks earlier to construct a freestanding wall to be placed in the middle of the hall. The visitors worked with local people (including some particularly energetic children) to paint all the walls white. When the exhibition was finally hung, local women placed exquisite flower arrangements throughout the space and maintained them during the period of the exhibition. With the Pacific Ocean just down the road, the hall was both an elegant and eloquent gallery-space, and offered an ideal environment in which to start thinking about and, importantly, talking about the ocean.Kermadec exhibition in the school hall at Hanga Roa Works shown here are by Robin White, John Pule, Elizabeth Thomson, Jason OHara, Gregory OBrien and Bruce Foster Photograph by Bruce Foster
Easter Island encounters Top left: View of the Pacific from Orongo, an early ceremonial centre of Easter Island; top right: John Pule, Simon Pakarati Auila, Wilo Teao Lucero and Reuben Friend; lower left: John Pule, Jose Cardinali and Emily Owen visiting disabled artist centre, Hanga Roa; lower right: John Pule with Rapa Nui friends, looking back towards Orongo. Photographed by Robin White, Bruce Foster and Gregory OBrien
Top left: Ernesto Escobar with Osvaldo Singa Pakarati, outside exhibition; top right: At Rano Kao (from left): Chris Cane, Sally OBrien and Josh Reichart (Pew Environment Group), John Pule, Reuben Friend; lower left: Kermadec artists explore caves on Easter Island; lower right: The Pacific from Orongo
A DIVERSE CREWAlthough famous for its ancient stone figures and petroglyphs, Rapa Nui is an unlikely location for an exhibition of contemporary art offered a lively and illuminating context in which the works could be seen. Local people and visitors had no trouble taking the exhibition to heart they recognised the many ways in which the works spoke to earlier traditions, as well as to narratives of scientific discovery, journeying and of harvesting the ocean. They recognised in the work, as they did in their surroundings, the oceans immense potential as a source of creative inspiration and energy. Among the hundreds of visitors to the Kermadec exhibition during the nine days it was on display were representatives of the Chilean navy, clergy and government officials. There were also local fishermen and farmers, tourists, archaeologists, environmentalists and a great many children. Comments in the visitors book attested to the effectiveness of the exhibition and its capacity to provoke impassioned debate. To complement the works in the exhibition, Robin White, John Pule, Gregory OBrien and Reuben Friend painted, with local schoolchildren, a mural outside the hall a celebration of ocean and island life. They also painted two friezes inside the building. Alongside a flying fish, painted by White, a lizard by Friend and an oceanic dragon-spirit by Pule, OBrien inscribed a short poem:
My stone head Your earthly body Our ocean
Tooko Puoko Maea Toou Tino Henua Mata Ui Moana Nui
Isabella Pakarati and Robin White Photograph by Bruce Foster
Interior of school hall with painted frieze (above window) and enlargements of prints by OBrien, OHara, Thomson, Pule, Foster and Hall photograph by Bruce Foster
Children and artists at work on a mural outside Liceo Lore