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In the U.S.-
Another commonly used name is tribavirin.
Ribavirin (rye-ba-VYE-rin) is used to treat severe virus pneumonia in infants and young children. It is given by oral inhalation (breathing in the medicine as a fine mist through the mouth), using a special nebulizer (sprayer) attached to an oxygen hood or tent or face mask.
Ribavirin taken by mouth (oral) treats a viral liver infection known as hepatitis C. It is used in combination with injectable interferon alfa-2b ( in-ter-FEER-on AL-fa-2b) or with injectable peginterferon alfa-2b (peg-in-ter-FEER-on AL-fa-2b) . Ribavirin is used to treat virus infections. Interferons are substances naturally produced by cells in the body to help fight infections and tumors. Interferon alfa-2b and peginterferon alfa-2b are synthetic (man-made) versions of these substances. Interferon alfa-2b and peginterferon alfa-2b are used to treat a variety of tumors and viruses including the hepatitis C virus.
Ribavirin is available in the following dosage forms:
Before Using This Medicine
In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For ribavirin, the following should be considered:
Allergies- Tell your doctor if you or your child has ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to ribavirin . Also tell your health care professional if you or your child is allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes.
Pregnancy- Ribavirin for inhalation is not usually prescribed for teenagers or adults. However, women who are pregnant or may become pregnant may be exposed to ribavirin that is given off in the air if they spend time at the child's bedside while ribavirin is being given. Although studies have not been done in humans, ribavirin has been shown to cause birth defects and other problems in certain animal studies. Be sure you have discussed this with your doctor.
Ribavirin for oral use should not be used while you are pregnant, if you plan on becoming pregnant, or by men whose female partners are pregnant or are planning to become pregnant. It has been shown to cause serious birth defects and other problems in animals. Be sure you have discussed this with your doctor.
Breast-feeding- It is not known whether ribavirin passes into human breast milk. However, ribavirin passes into the breast milk of animals and has been shown to cause problems in nursing animals and their young. It may be necessary for you to take another medicine or to stop breast feeding during treatment with ribavirin. Be sure you have discussed the risks and benefits of this with your doctor.
Children- Children may be sensitive to the effects of ribavirin. This may increase the chance of side effects or other problems during treatment. Be sure you have discussed the risks and benefits of this with your doctor.
Older adults- Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore it may not be known if they work the same way that they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people than they do in younger adults.
Other medicines- Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking ribavirin it is especially important that your doctor and pharmacist know if you are taking any of the following:
Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your health care professional if you are taking any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine.
Other medical problems- The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of ribavirin. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:
Proper Use of This Medicine
To help clear up your infection completely, ribavirin must be given for the full time of treatment , even if you or your child begins to feel better after a few days. Also, ribavirin for inhalation works best when there is a constant amount in the lungs. To help keep the amount constant, ribavirin must be given on a regular or continuous schedule.
It is important that you read the patient information that comes with this medicine. Ask your doctor if you have any questions.
A negative pregnancy test is needed in women who are of childbearing age before starting treatment with oral ribavirin. Two forms of birth control must be used during oral ribavirin treatment and for six months after treatment ends.
The dose of ribavirin will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label . The following information includes only the average doses of ribavirin. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.
Precautions While Using This Medicine
It is very important that your doctor check your progress at regular visits. This will allow your doctor to see if the medicine is working properly.
This medicine may cause some people to become dizzy, drowsy, or less alert than they are normally. Make sure you know how you react to this medicine before you drive, operate machinery or do anything else that could be dangerous if you are not alert.
It is very important that you stop this medicine and contact your doctor immediately if you think you might be pregnant.
Side Effects of This Medicine
Side Effects of this Medicine
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. The following side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. However, check with your doctor if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome:
Other side effects not listed above may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your doctor.
Once a medicine has been approved for marketing for a certain use, experience may show that it is also useful for other medical problems. Although these uses are not included in product labeling, ribavirin is used in certain patients with the following medical conditions:
For patients taking this medicine by mouth or injection for Lassa fever :
Other than the above information, there is no additional information relating to proper use, precautions, or side effects for these uses.
This medicine may also be used for other virus infections as determined by your doctor. However, it will not work for certain viruses, such as the common cold.
Last updated: Tue, 06 Jan 2009 00:20:03 GMT