Genome Evolution is a major mechanism that has shaped the genome of many organisms is gene duplications. As the number of completely sequenced genome's increases, the impact of gene duplications on their structure becomes obvious.
As both prokaryotes and eukaryotes underwent changes in shape, size and complexity, their genome also changed dynamically. These changes were driven by mutation, recombination, transposition, gene transfer, as well as gene duplication and deletion. As we know that gene duplication increases genetic diversity and is important in the origin and evolution of the eukaryotic genome. By examining and comparing genomes of organisms that exist today, we gain insights into how these mechanisms have shaped genomes. There has been a considerable decrease in genome in disease – causing bacteria.
It is the determination of the function of a gene product. The techniques used in functional genomics enable high throughput analyses that enable a very rapid data accumulation.
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