From 1612 To 1627
The 17th century was a tumultuous time for Europe, with religious wars and political upheavals aplenty. But it was also a time of great artistic achievement, with artists working in a wide variety of styles and media. From the grandiose paintings of the Italian Baroque to the delicate porcelain of the Chinese Qing dynasty, there was something for everyone in the art of the 17th century.
Samson Captured by the Philistines
According to the Bible, Samson, whose strength came from his hair, was shorn by his duplicitous lover, Delilah, and then set upon by the Philistines, who bound and blinded him.
The focus of this dramatic and marvelously staged composition - a landmark in the artist's career - is the vigorously modeled back of Samson, struggling to free himself.
It is one of several commissions from Cardinal Giacomo Serra, the papal legate to Ferrara.
The Crucifixion with the Virgin and Saint John
Painted roughly a century after the other works in this gallery, Ter Brugghen's scene of Christ's crucifixion draws on the dramatic, emotional appeal of earlier religious art to inspire the private prayers of a Catholic viewer.
The Virgin Mary and John the Evangelist, who flank the cross, provide surrogates for the viewer's agonized beholding of the crucifixion.
Bacchanal: A Faun Teased by Children
Gian Lorenzo Bernini was the heroic central figure in Italian Baroque sculpture.
The influence of his father, the Florentine-born Pietro, can be seen here in the buoyant forms and cottony texture of the Bacchanal.
The liveliness and strongly accented diagonals, however, are the distinctive contribution of the young Gian Lorenzo.
Although about eighteen when he made this work, he already displayed what would become a lifelong interest in the rendering of emotional and spiritual exaltation.
The Immaculate Conception
Reni, the most celebrated painter of seventeenth-century Italy, was particularly famous for the elegance of his compositions and the beauty and grace of his female heads, earning him the epithet "Divine."
This altarpiece, with its otherworldly space shaped by clouds and putti in a high-keyed palette, was commissioned in about 1627 by the Spanish ambassador in Rome for the Infanta of Spain.
It later hung in the cathedral of Seville, where it exercised a deep influence on Spanish painters, especially Murillo.
Wolf and Fox Hunt
Rubens created a new art form:very large hunting scenes painted on canvas.
The few earlier examples were either models for or copies after tapestries, but Rubens's large "hunts" of about 1616 - 21 were made as replacements for that very expensive medium.
This canvas, originally more symmetrical in design, was trimmed at the top and left side because "none but great Princes have houses fitt to hange it up in."
Rubens painted the picture with the help of assistants but declared that the wolves were his own work.
The central figure is smoking tobacco, a recent import from the New World.
Dutch moralists were troubled by this.
The painting captures the bustle of a tavern interior.
Man in a Long-sleeved Coat
This drawing is from the time period of 1590-1600, and is signed by the artist.