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|Role||Suicide attack aircraft|
|Manufacturer||Kawanishi Aircraft Company|
|Primary user||IJN Air Service (Intended)|
The Kawanishi Baika (梅花, "Ume Blossom") was a pulsejet-powered kamikaze ("divine wind") aircraft under development for the Imperial Japanese Navy towards the end of World War II. The war ended before any were built.
Nazi Germany supplied the Japanese with a great deal of technical data, including details of the Argus As 014 pulse jet engine. It remains debatable whether that technical data included examples of the V1, let alone the Fieseler Fi 103R (Reichenberg). It is noted that wartime U.S. intelligence reports stated that the Japanese knew of the V-1 by October 1943, and one report stated that Japan received one example in November 1944. The reports also suggested that the Japanese were very interested in the V-1 air-launching techniques as used by the Germans.
One U.S. Army Air Force document from 1946 shows the Baika as being a copy of the Reichenberg. The cargo manifest of the Japanese submarine I-29 lists a single V-1 fuselage as being included in a shipment of equipment. Some contemporary Japanese historians debate on what, if any, V-1 and Fi 103R data the Japanese actually received and whether the Baika may simply have been an independent design.
- Type I
- Pulsejet intake located above and behind the cockpit, droppable landing gear. Intended for conventional take off on own power (possibly with the help of droppable rocket boosters).
- Type II
- Similar to Type I, but with pulsejet moved forwards, no landing gear. Intended for submarine launch.
- Type III
- Pulsejet mounted ventrally, no landing gear. Presumably, this version was intended to be air-launched by medium bombers such as the Mitsubishi G4M, Nakajima G8N or Yokosuka P1Y.
The currently accepted illustrations of the Baika come from the 1953 published book Koku Gijutsu No Zenbo in which Technical Commander Iwaya (the man who brought the Me 163 and BMW 003 info to Japan) provided drawings of all three versions of the Baika with all versions shown with tricycle landing gear in place.
Specifications (Baika, as designed)
Data from 
- Crew: 1
- Length: 6.97 m (22 ft 10 in)
- Wingspan: 6.58 m (21 ft 7 in)
- Height: 3.99 m (13 ft 1 in)
- Wing area: 7.58 m2 (81.6 sq ft)
- Empty weight: 750 kg (1,653 lb)
- Gross weight: 1,430 kg (3,153 lb)
- Fuel capacity: 600 l (132 imp gal)
- Powerplant: 1 × Maru Ka10 pulse-jet engine, 3.53 kN (794 lbf) thrust
- Maximum speed: 648 km/h (403 mph; 350 kn)
- Cruise speed: 485 km/h (301 mph; 262 kn)
- Range: 278 km (173 mi; 150 nmi)
- Service ceiling: 2,000 m (6,600 ft)
- Time to altitude: 2,000 m (6,562 ft) in 3 minute 55 seconds
- Wing loading: 188 kg/m2 (39 lb/sq ft)
- Thrust/weight: 0.2:1
- 1 × 250 kg (550 lb) warhead
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
- List of aircraft of Japan during World War II
- List of jet aircraft of World War II
- List of military aircraft of Japan
- Zaloga, Steven J.; Jim Laurier (2005). V-1 Flying Bomb 1942–52: Hitler's Infamous 'Doodlebug'. Osprey Publishing. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-84176-791-8.
- Dyer, Edwin M. III (2009). Japanese Secret Projects:Experimental aircraft of the IJA and IJN 1939–1945 (1st ed.). Hersham: Ian Allan Publishing. pp. 61–62, 106 & 147. ISBN 978 1857803 174.
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