Gender has been a controversial issue for centuries world over. Men are socially considered alphas with the physical strength to handle seemingly manual tasks while women are considered nurturers who cook, collect firewood, work in farms and carry out other household chores.
UNESCO defines ‘gender’ as the roles, attributes, behaviours and responsibilities that a particular society considers appropriate for men and women (and girls and boys) at a given time. It also includes expectations regarding the characteristics of both women and men. ‘Gender equality’ means that women and men have equal conditions for realizing their full human rights and for contributing to, and benefiting from economic, social, cultural and political development (UNESCO, 2003). Equality does not mean that women and men will become the same, but that women’s and men’s rights, responsibilities and opportunities will not depend on whether they are born male or female. In this context, the term gender has been used to refer to how opportunities and risks within the petroleum sector are distributed between men and women.
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