COMPUTER GENERATION S
2. FIRST GENERATION (VACUUM TUBES) 3. Computers were huge, slow, expensive, andoften undependable. Use thousands of vacuum tubes, which tookup a lot of space and gave off a great deal ofheat just like light bulbs do. Its (VACUUM TUBES) purpose was to act likean amplifier and a switch. 4. COMPUTERS DURING 1ST GENERATION ENIAC EDVAC (ELECTRONIC DISCRETE VARIABLEAUTOMATIC COMPUTER) UNIVAC (UNIVERSAL AUTOMATICCOMPUTER) 5. SECOND GENERATION (TRANSISTOR) 6. John Bardeen, William Shockley, and WalterBrattain invented the transistor the wouldreplace the vacuum tubes forever. Transistor was faster, more reliable, smaller,and much cheaper to build than a vacuumtube. One transistor replaced the equivalent of 40vacuum tubes. 7. THIRD GENERATION (INTEGRATEDCIRCUIT) 8. Packs a huge number of transistors onto a singlewafer of silicon. Robert Noyce of Fairchild Corporation and JackKilby of Texas Instruments independentlydiscovered the amazing attributes of integratedcircuits. Placing such large numbers of transistors on asingle chip vastly increased the power of a singlecomputer and lowered its cost considerably. 9. FOURTH GENERATION (MICROPROCESSOR) 10. Microprocessor - a single chip that could doall the processing of a full-scale computer. Ted Hoff- invented a chip the size of a pencileraser that could do all the computing andlogic work of a computer. The microprocessor was made to be used incalculators, not computers. Itled, however, to the invention of personalcomputers, or microcomputers. 11. FIFTH GENERATION (ARTIFICIALINTELLIGENCE) 12. Artificial intelligence, are still in development,though there are some applications, such as voicerecognition, that are being used today. The use ofparallel processing and superconductors ishelping to make artificial intelligence a reality.Quantum computation and molecular andnanotechnology will radically change the face ofcomputers in years to come. The goal of fifth-generation computing is to develop devices thatrespond to natural language input and arecapable of learning and self-organization. 13. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING: Why did the ENIAC and other computers likeit give off so much heat? (Be very specific) How was space travel made possible throughthe invention of transistors? Intel was started by who? What characteristics made the transistorsbetter than the vacuum tube? What did the microprocessor allow thecomputers to do? and What was themicroprocessors original purpose?