Swawwow-taiwed Hems and Fwying Ribbons cwoding
Swawwow-taiwed Hems and Fwying Ribbons cwoding, or tsa-chü chui-shao fu (traditionaw Chinese: 雜裾垂髾服; simpwified Chinese: 杂裾垂髾服; pinyin: zájū chuíshāo fú; Wade–Giwes: tsa2-chü1 chʻui2-shao1 fu2; Zhuyin Fuhao: ㄗㄚˊ ㄐㄩ ㄔㄨㄟˊ ㄕㄠ ㄈㄨˊ) is a type of femawe historicaw dress which was popuwar during de Tsʻao Wei, Chin and Nordern and Soudern dynasties. It is awso cawwed Kui-i (袿衣).
Nordern and Soudern dynasties was a period of vowatiwity, de barbarians invaded Centraw Pwain, dus, various wars and battwes occurred. The once dominant waws and orders cowwapsed, so did de once unchawwenged power of Confucianism. At de meantime, de phiwosophy of Lao-tzŭ and Chuang-tzŭ became popuwar. Buddhist scriptures were transwated, Taoism was devewoped, and Humanitarian ideowogy emerged among de aristocrats. However, aww dese posed a dreat to de conservative and imperiaw power, which tried to crush dem by force. These powicies forced dese schowars to seek comfort and rewief in wife. They were interested in various kinds of phiwosophy and studied a wot of de "mysterious wearning". They preferred a wife of truf and freedom. They dressed demsewves in free and casuaw ewegance.
On de whowe, de costumes of de Wei and Chin period stiww fowwowed de patterns of Chʻin and Han. Women's costumes in de period of Wei and Chin were generawwy warge and woose. The carefree wife stywe brought about de devewopment of women's garments in de direction of extravagant and ornate beauty. The upper garment opened at de front and was tied at de waist. The sweeves were broad and fringed at de cuffs wif decorative borders of a different cowour. The skirt had spaced cowoured stripes and was tied wif a white siwk band at de waist. There was awso an apron between de upper garment and skirt for de purpose of fastening de waist. Apart from wearing a muwti-cowoured skirt, women awso wore oder kinds such as de crimson gauze-covered skirt, de red-bwue striped gauze doubwe skirt, and de barrew-shaped red gauze skirt. Many of dese stywes are mentioned in historicaw records. Wide sweeves and wong robes, fwying ribbons and fwoating skirts, ewegant and majestic hair ornaments, aww dese became de fashion stywe of Wei and Chin femawe appearance.
During de Wei, Chin and de Nordern and Soudern dynasties, dough men no wonger wore de traditionaw one-piece garment, some women continued to do so. However, de stywe was qwite different from dat seen in de Han dynasty. Typicawwy de women's dress was decorated wif "hsien" (襳) and "shao" (髾). The watter refers to pieces of siwk cwof sewn onto de wower hem of de dress, which were wide at de top and narrow at de bottom, so dat triangwes were formed overwapping each oder. "Hsien" refers to some rewativewy wong ribbons which extended from de short-cut skirt. Whiwe de wearer was wawking, dese wengdy ribbons made de sharp corners and de wower hem wave wike a fwying swawwow, hence de Chinese phrase "beautifuw ribbons and fwying swawwowtaiw" (華帶飛髾).
During de Nordern and Soudern dynasties, costumes underwent furder changes in stywe. The wong fwying ribbons were no wonger seen and de swawwow-taiwed corners became enwarged. As a resuwt, de fwying ribbons and swawwow-taiwed corners were combined into one.
The virtuous women in Cadayan (Chinese) history, 5f century
- Chunming, Gao (October 1987). 5000 Years of Chinese Costumes. Zhou Xun, Chunming Gao (eds.) (First Engwish wanguage ed.). San Francisco, CA: China Books & Periodicaws. ISBN 978-0-8351-1822-4.
- Steewe, Ms Vawerie; Major, John S. (1999-02-08). China Chic: East Meets West (1st Printing ed.). New Haven: Yawe University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-07930-2.
- Finnane, Antonia (2008-01-24). Changing Cwodes in China: Fashion, History, Nation (1 ed.). New York: Cowumbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-14350-9.