Flashcards in The Rise Of Sovereignty In France Deck (40):
Who was the chief minister of Louis XIII (13)?
With who does absolutism begin in France?
With Henry IV
Who was the chief minister of Louis XIV (the King)?
What is one essential thing that must happen in order for absolutism to occur without issues?
Nobles power & privileges must be taken away bc they're a threat to the king
What was the parlements?
The supreme courts of law in Ancien Regime France
Cardinal Richelieu was an __________?
Describe what Cardinal Richelieu did
Attacked the parlements; Divided France into 30 administrative districts with each under an intendant; Banned dueling for nobility
Wanted unity - Raison d'état
Hated the Habsburg; Propaganda
What was an intendant? Who created them?
They were royal civil servants created by Henry IV
"Eyes & ears of the king"
Spy network to watch nobles
Made sure royal offices weren't abusing their power
Who was the advisor of Henry IV?
Duke of sully
What were some principles under the duke of sully?
Infrastructure: built roads and canals to ^ trade flow
Corvee: labor tax;
Established monopolies on salt and mining
What was the corvee?
A labor tax
Tax was payed off with work
Helped get a lot of ppl to work on infrastructure
Helped decrease unemployment
What was an issue Cardinal Richelieu faced that prevented the unity of France?
State w/in a state issue (Catholics & Huguenots both in France)
How did Richelieu resolve the issue that prevented him from achieving unity in France?
The Huguenot garrison was replaced with royal garrisons
Dissolved the Huguenot court
What were some taxes implemented by Richelieu? How did people feel about it?
Gabelle- salt tax
Taille- tax on everyone
Nobody liked it
What makes Cardinal Richelieu a politique?
The Raison d'état (the reason of the state)
What was "Raison d'état"?
It was inoinevro
What is a politique?
After Louis XIII died who came next?
Louis XIV at age 5
Describe Cardinal Mazarin
Took Richelieu's ideas and intensified it
Replaced parlements with state officers
Inherited strong Econ but a lot of discontent bc ^ taxes
What was The Fronde from 1649-1652?
It was a rebellion of townspeople and nobles against the King Louis XIV
----> Mazarin and Louis XIV forced to go into exhile
What happened as a result of Louis XIV leaving France?
There was anarchy going on in France
What happened 3 years after the Fronde?
Ppl of France were like eyoooo Louis XIV we wantcha back plssss come & restore order there's anarchy Helpppp
When Louis XIV returns as king of France after the Fronde what does he do that helps him become such an absolute ruler?
Louis XIV gives the nobles more privileges so that they're too focused on the privileges and don't realize that he's the absolute ruler
What were some obstacles that Louis XIV faced when he returned?
1) Provincialism: you can't have absolutism with decentralization
Once Versailles was built what was one issue parlements faced under Louis XIV?
They either stayed and lived with the king at Versailles
They stayed as a parlement and get everything taken away
What was the domestication of the nobility?
The closer nobles were to the king the more prestigious your family was
(Wiped kings butt and changed his clothes)
Who said "L'etat, c'est moi"? What does it mean?
Louis XIV; I AM the state
Asserting that he was the absolute monarch and he had total control.
What makes France have a strong economy under Louis XIV?
Why was mercantilism good for the economy under Louis XIV?
It meant heavy govt control of economy bc
decrease imports (by increasing tariffs)
Who was Jean Baptiste Colbert?
Synthesizer of mercantilism; took ideas from capitalism and added his own ideas
What were some economic policies brought forth from Jean Baptiste Colbert?
-5 Great Farms
-increased the taille
-established the French east India company
-had manufacturing codes
What was the Declaration of Gallican Liberties?
Basically saying that monarch has power over who to choose will rule the church
What happened after Henry IV converted to Catholicism?
Jesuits flooded France
What is Jansenism?
Catholics that believe in predestination not free will
What was the Edict of Fontainebleau(1685)? What did it do?
It revoked the edict of Nantes which meant that it took away Huguenots rights
Either Huguenots leave or become a galley slave
What building is an example of Baroque art?
Hint: build by Louis XIV
Who was the Secretary of State for war under Louis XIV?
Marquis de Louvois
Who was Sebestien Vauban?
A military engineer under Louis XIV who perfected siege tactics
What were some things that Marquis de Louvois did that helped improve the French army?
Implemented real salary for military
Imposed heavy discipline
To be enlisted for the French army you had to be single and serve 4 yrs