Rectal prolapse occurs when a portion of the rectum becomes stretched and begins to protrude directly from the anus. There are three types of rectal prolapses: partial, complete and internal. Symptoms of a prolapse include bleeding from the anus; leakage of stool or mucus; passage of small and hard stools; and pain, itching, swelling and irritation around the anus. Minor rectal prolapse may occur from strain and go away on its own. Other possible causes include cystic fibrosis, the natural aging process, a parasitic infection, prior injury and frequent straining during bowel movements. Most prolapses are treated with surgery to correct the protruding portion of the rectum, along with lifestyle and dietary changes.