Template: Infobox River / BILD_fehlt
The Eyach is a 18.5 km long river in the Black Forest in Baden- Württemberg, the left- opens in Neuenbürg - Eyachbruecke on the municipal boundary between farms and Neuenbürg in the Enz. It is caused by the confluence of the right and longer Brotenaubachs and left Dürreychbachs.
The name Yach is first mentioned in the foundation charter of the monastery Herrenalb in 1148. Name researchers suspect that the name = ah composed of the Old High German words Ib and Iw for the tree and yew aha for water, so means yew water. In the local dialect falls from the A -sound and the name is pronounced in monosyllables such as calibration. A name relationship is probably with the Yachtal at Elzach the Middle Black Forest.
The determination of the word Brotenaubachs is the Swabian word form for Breitenau. The name of the Dürreychbachs, also called the Dürreych is caused by contraction of drought Eyach.
Sources and History
The headwaters of the 7.2 km long Brotenaubaches is the Wildseemoor northeast of Gernsbach - Kaltenbronn, one composed after the last Ice Age peat bog. The longest headwaters starts here the middle of the moor by the Wildsee itself ( 909 m above sea level. NN ) and joins after initially recently West running soon with other streams, of which the western part in something greater heights occur at the watershed to Reichenbach, where also further northwest originates southeast of the long head Mart (of Langmahd, 942.4 m above sea level. NN ) at a distance of only 5.4 km length slightly shorter Dürreychbach.
Both source rivers run with variations more or less to the northeast, and unite at the Great Meadow Nature Reserve Eyach and Rotenbachtal to about 575 m above sea level. NN to Eyach, then in the same direction 11.3 km continues to flow. It opens, previously long circular boundary between the district of Calw right and the left Enz, at Neuenbürg - Eyachbruecke between the valley villages yards ( Calw ) and Neuenbürg ( Enz ) to about 355 m above sea level. NN has left from the confluence in the Enz it so that a gap of around 220 meters from the Wildsee of around 550 meters.
Communities and the valley communities
The valley crosses or touches the denunciations of cities and towns Gernsbach, Bad Wildbad, Dobel, courtyards and Neuenbürg. Are present at the headwaters forest houses Brotenau ( 2011 was canceled ) at the top Brotenaubach and Dürreych at the bottom Dürreychbach on the rich Taler part district Gern stream, in the middle portion of the Eyachtals quick succession the living spaces Lehensägmühle and Eyachmühle belonging to the municipality of Dobel. In earlier times, especially during the great Dutch timber trade, there were numerous sawmills in the valley and two farmsteads, the Lehmannshof shortly after the confluence and the Tröstbachhof on the lower Eyach.
Talnatur and Geology
The valleys of the source streams are shaped by the last ice age; small glaciers ( hanging glacier ) have planed to the north- east facing slopes to several cirques in the red sandstone. The valley runs predominantly in the Middle and Lower Bunter, only in the upper Talverlauf the Rotliegend and the basement rocks ( granite) was exposed over a short distance. It involves Forbachgranit, a gray to pink colored two- mica granite with granular structure.
On the Eyach standing timber was floated for 500 years; the timber floating was discontinued after the construction of the Eyachtalsträßchens in 1889.
In the 1980s, considered the state government of Baden- Württemberg to use the valley as a cooling water storage for the nuclear power plant Neckarwestheim. Also, since the beginning of the 20th century, there were always plans a drinking water reservoir ( for Stuttgart and the Pforzheim region ) to build. A civic community protection could prevent the dam and reached in 2002 that the area was placed under protection. Numerous events, some endangered animal and plant species are native to the Eyachtal.
Until well into the 20th century, the valley meadows were used for haymaking; to the irrigation ditches are still visible today served. Since the decline of agriculture after the Second World War, the forest brings back the land; the meadows can be kept open only with great care expenses.
In the lower course since 1992 spans a suspended two 70 meter high tension towers high voltage line of system 615, the Eyachtal. The distance between standing on the Heuberg and Eiberg poles is 1,444 feet. This transmission line has the largest wingspan between two masts in Germany.