Type 5 glycogenosis
Glycogenosis refers to a group of metabolic disorders due to the improper metabolism of glycogen. It involves certain enzymes that have become defective or deficient and therefore affected glycogen metabolism. The outcome is the excessive deposition of glycogen in cells. There are different types of glycogenosis and one of them is type 5 glycogenosis.
Type 5 glycogenosis is a condition characterized by the following common symptoms: exercise-induced cramps, rhabdomyolysis, renal failure by myoglobinuria, and second wind phenomenon. This metabolic disorder is caused by a deficiency in myophosphorylase. Myphosphorylase is an enzyme that breaks down glycogen into glucose-1-phosphate for use within the muscle cell. The deficiency of this enzyme is associated with a mutation in the gene PYGM, which in humans is located on chromosome 11q13. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern.
This condition is also referred to as McArdle disease since it is first described in 1951 by Dr. Brian McArdle, a British physician in Guy's Hospital, London.
- McArdle disease
- McArdle-Schmid-Pearson disease
- muscle phosphorylase deficiency
- myophosphorylase deficiency
- glycogen storage disease type V (GSD-V)