By the end of early childhood, boys have more _______, whereas girls have more __________
Ethnic Origin and nutrition
the two most important contributors to height differences among children worldwide.
When looking at the heights and weights of preschool children, we know that there are ___________.
Melinda smokes cigarettes during pregnancy. Because of her smoking, we would expect her child, when preschool age, to be slightly __________ in length than if melinda had not smoked.
Children of parents who smoke, physically abused children and children who live in rural settings are more likely to be _________ than their peers.
Brent was unusually short. He is receiving hormone treatments to increase his growth. Brent probably has a problem with:
The rate of growth in the brain during early childhood shows an example of the __________ __________ of development
Growth Hormone Deficiency
Growing at a normal pace requires regular release of hormone from pituitary gland. Lack or insufficient production of this hormone causes a condition called:
Gross motor skills
Jungle gyms, slides and climbing equipment should be available to help young children develop:
Vanessa lead the typical American life. Her parents are very busy with work and getting everything done at home. They often eat fast food, and even when they make dinner at home, they tend to eat alot of pizza, hamburgers, and other foods that are quick and easy to fix. With this lifestyle, developmentalists would be especially concerned that Vanessa is consuming too much...
Minimum number of calories used when a person is inactive
In the nutritional area, the basal metabolism rate (BMR) reflects the:
Increase in immunization
Why have the deaths of children under the age of 5 years dramatically decreased in the US since 1950
If a mother wants to reduce the risk that her child will develop asthma, pneumonia, or bronchitis, she should stop....
The 2003 UNICEF report on the state of the world's children show that 35 nations have fewer deaths of children younger than 5 years of age than the US. The major causes of this includes:
Reducing poverty, improving nutrition, sanitation, education, and health services.
According to the textbook, many deaths of young children around the world could be prevented by:
A young child may be heard saying, "That tree pushed the leaf off and it fell down." The child's belief that the tree is capable of action is referred to:
A social activity
According to Vygotsky's concept of the zone of proximal development (ZPD) learning is:
Greater feelings of guilt
Authoritarian parents who have alot of rules that restrict their children's behavior lend to move children toward:
Little Markie is driving his parents crazy with all his questions. He asks why everything is the way it is, then why things are not some other way. His parents might not be comforted to know that such questioning inflects Markie's increasing ability to:
________ differs from _________ is how he stresses the relative importance of other people for cognitive development to occur
Latoya talks to herself frequently, especially when she is trying to solve a difficult problem. Vygotsky would say that latoya is using private speaking to organize and regulate...
Memories are susceptible to suggestion
6 year old Tracy was a witness to a robbery and has been asked to testify at trial. The defense will argue that her testimony is invalid because her:
emphasis on achievement
In general, critics of contemporary kindergarten believe that many kindergarteners place too much:
The most frequent criticism of early childhood programs is that they do not all meet:
Not child centered
The kindergarten director says "we believe that there is a specific set of skills children need to do well in the first grade, and we make sure the children learn those skills in our kindergarten. We spend as little time as possible on social and physical things and concentrate on teaching them the facts. If children aren't keeping up, we provide them with extra opportunities to practice until they learn the material. This program is:
early preschool intervention programs for disadvantaged children are positively associated with:
If you were to advise parents about the preschool program they should select for their children, which allow children plenty of:
Slower and smaller
Compared with the earlier preschool and later adolescent years, physical changes in middle and late childhood are ________ and ____________.
Gross motor skills will not be appropriately developed
Caleb, an elementary school child, is not very physically active. Which of the following may result from his inactivity?
soft drinks, television, and snacks
Recent research has revealed what kind of eating patterns as contributing to an increase in obesity from age 2 through adulthood.
Among children who receive special education services, the most common reason why they need these services is:
The most common problem that characterizes children with learning disabilities is the inability to:
They have to sit still and concentrate
In children with ADHD, the disorder is initially diagnosed sometime during the first 3 grades of elementary school this is because:
Individual education plan
The individual with disabilities education act (IDEA) requires that students with disabilities receive:
Jacob is a third-grader and has a disability that had caused him to be separated from his peers during the school day. Just recently Jacob has been moved to the regular third grade classroom. What is this change called?
Push children to learn too much too soon
A major criticism Piaget made of American parents is that they
Compare themselves with peers
In terms of self-understanding, children in late childhood are MORE likely than children in early childhood to..
Children have highest self esteem
when a child performs competently on a task that they care about they:
During the elementary years, a child's self-understanding includes increasing references to follow
Teaching a child a new skill
which of the following is an example of improving a child's self-esteem through achievement
Teach her to cope with problem
Peter and Lynette want to help their daughter develop high self-esteem. What should they do?
John understands that his mother is angry with him because he did not take out the trash. He has developed:
Watch repeated news footage
Nelson is trying to help his son deal with the World Trade Center tragedy of September 11, 2001. One strategy he should not implement is allow his child to:
______ __________ studied moral development by classifying children's solutions to difficult moral problems
Universal ethical principles
The greatest degree of internalization of moral standards is to be found in a stage of moral development called:
Carol Gilligan reports that males tend to use ________ __________ when making moral judgments
Carol Gilligan reports that females tend to use a ________ _______ when making moral judgements
Moral belief doesn't predict moral behavior
More than 80% of the respondents to a survey said that buying a stolen tv is wrong. Yet 50% admitted they would buy a stolen tv if it was guaranteed they would not be cause. This indicates:
The results of the 1998 study by Eisenberg and Fabes indicates that prosocial behavior in school children develops in:
Which of the following characteristics is ascribed to males according to our common stereotypes?
Boys are much more likely than girls to be behaviorally disruptive in the classroom. This is because boys show less:
In Pollack's book _______ ______ argues that society does not actually have to encourage boys to have sensitivity
a traditional, culturally based expectation of an Asian female is that she maintains the:
less time with them
As children grow older, parents tend to __________________________, especially in less-educated families.
Which of the following would probably be the MOST developmentally appropriate type of discipline tactic for an 11 year old?
Time to divorce and remarry
Why are there more elementary and secondary school children living in step families than there are infants and preschool children. It takes
3 to 6 o'clock problem
refers to the social behavioral consequences of leaving children home alone after school