While completing ASME code calculations involving cylindrical components for 3rd Class Power Engineering you’ll be required to know how to calculate the maximum allowable working pressure of a boiler drum.
The referenced page numbers below are from the 2007 ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code.
To calculate the maximum allowable working pressure of a boiler drum during different operating conditions you can use the formula contained within ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code PG-27 Cylindrical Components Under Internal Pressure page 10. Specifically, PG-27.2.2 page 10
PG-27.2.2 Piping, Drums, and Headers. (based on strength of weakest course) It is important to remember any cylinder with an outside diameter less then 125mm is to be considered tubing and the equation provided in PG-27.2.1 page 8 should be used.
PG-27.2.2 Formula to calculate the maximum allowable working pressure for a boiler drum:
Outside Diameter Equation
Inside Radius Equation
The symbols used within the PG-27 formulas are contained within paragraph PG-27.3 page 10 and are defined as follows:
C = Minimum allowance for threading and structural stability (mm) (PG-27.4, note 3) page 11
D = Or O.D. is Outside diameter of cylinder (mm)
E = Efficiency of longitudinal welded joints or of ligaments between openings, whichever is lower (the values allowed for E are listed in PG-27.4, note 1) page 11
e = Thickness factor for expanded tube ends (mm) (see PG-27.4, note 4) page 11
P = Maximum allowable working pressure “Gauge Pressure” (MPa) (see PG-21, refers to gauge pressure)
R = Inside radius of cylinder (mm) “In this case a boiler drum”
S = Maximum allowable stress value at the operating temperature of the metal (Section II, Part D, Table 1A. See PG-27.4, note 2) page 11. It is important when determining the maximum allowable stress value to check (PG-6 plate materials) page 4 and (PG-9 boiler tube materials) page 5 before starting calculations as this information will determine the correct stress table to use by indicating whether the material is carbon steel or an alloy steel.
t = minimum required thickness (mm) (see PG-27.4, note 7) page 12
y = temperature coefficient (see PG-27.4, note 6) page 11
How To: Calculate The Maximum Allowable Working Pressure Of A Boiler Drum Questions
Note: All code questions are to be calculated in (mm) and (MPa) unless otherwise stated. Convert accordingly and properly before the calculation.
Hopefully the examples provided helped you understand how to calculate the maximum allowable working pressure of a boiler drum. If you have additional questions, feedback, or ideas about the content provided please let me know in the comments below.
Power Engineering 101