Cattle, sheep, goats, and antelopes
This tree diagram shows the relationships between several groups of organisms.
The root of the current tree connects the organisms featured in this tree to their containing group and the rest of the Tree of Life. The basal branching point in the tree represents the ancestor of the other groups in the tree. This ancestor diversified over time into several descendent subgroups, which are represented as internal nodes and terminal taxa to the right.
You can click on the root to travel down the Tree of Life all the way to the root of all Life, and you can click on the names of descendent subgroups to travel up the Tree of Life all the way to individual species.close box
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Gatesy, J., D. Yelon, R. Desalle, and E. S. Vrba. 1992. Phylogeny of the Bovidae (Artiodactyla, Mammalia), based on mitochondrial ribosomal DNA sequences. Molecular Biology and Evolution 9:433-446.
Gentry, A. W. 1978. Bovidae. Pages 540-572 in Evolution of African Mammals. V. J. Maglio and H. B. S. Cooke, eds. Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
Gentry, A. W. 1990. Evolution and dispersal of African Bovidae. Pages 195-227 in Horns, Pronghorns, and Antlers. G. A. Bubenik and A. B. Bubenik, eds. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Gentry, A. W. 1992. The subfamilies and tribes of the family Bovidae. Mammal Review 22:1-32.
Gentry, A. W. 2000. Caprinae and Hippotragini (Bovidae, Mammalia) in the Upper Miocene. Pages 65-83 in Antelopes, Deer, and Relatives. E. S. Vrba and G. B. Schaller, eds. Yale University Press, New Haven.
Grubb, P. 2001. Review of family-group names of living bovids. Journal of Mammalogy 82:374-388.
Harris, J. M. 2003. Bovidae from the Lothagan sucession. Pages 531-579 in Lothagam: the Dawn of Humanity in Eastern Africa. M. G. Leakey and J. M. Harris, eds. Columbia University Press, New York.
Hassanin, A. and E. J. P. Douzery. 1999. Evolutionary affinities of the enigmatic saola (Pseudoryx nghetinhensis) in the context of the molecular phylogeny of Bovidae. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 266:893-900.
Hassanin, A. and E. J. P. Douzery. 1999. The tribal radiation of the family Bovidae (Artiodactyla) and the evolution of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 13:227-243.
Jacoby, C. P. and C. G. Fonseca. 2000. Linguistic analysis in phylogeny estimation: a case study of mtDNAs of Bovidae. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 17:1047-1055.
Lalueza-Fox, C., B. Shapiro, P. Bover, J. A. Alcover, and J. Bertranpetit. 2002. Molecular phylogeny and evolution of the extinct bovid Myotragus balearicus. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 25:501-510.
Lundrigan, B. 1996. Morphology of horns and fighting behavior in the family Bovidae. Journal of Mammalogy 77:462-475.
Matthee, C. A. and S. K. Davis. 2001. Molecular insights into the evolution of the family Bovidae: a nuclear DNA perspective. Molecular Biology and Evolution 18:1220-1230.
Matthee, C. A. and T. J. Robinson. 1999. Cytochrome b phylogeny of the family bovidae: resolution within the Alcelaphini, Antilopini, Neotragini, and Tragelaphini. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 12:31-46.
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- Antelope Specialist Group Report. IUCN - The World Conservation Union. Species Survival Commission.
Page copyright © 2006
Page: Tree of Life Bovidae. Cattle, sheep, goats, and antelopes. The TEXT of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License - Version 3.0. Note that images and other media featured on this page are each governed by their own license, and they may or may not be available for reuse. Click on an image or a media link to access the media data window, which provides the relevant licensing information. For the general terms and conditions of ToL material reuse and redistribution, please see the Tree of Life Copyright Policies.
- First online 23 February 2006
Citing this page:
Tree of Life Web Project. 2006. Bovidae. Cattle, sheep, goats, and antelopes. Version 23 February 2006 (temporary). http://tolweb.org/Bovidae/50878/2006.02.23 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/