Female baboon and infant at Akagera National Park, Rwanda. Baboons are African and Arabian Old World monkeys belonging to the genus Papio, part of the subfamily Cercopithecinae. Baboons are terrestrial and are found in open savannah, open woodland and hills across Africa. Most baboons live in hierarchical troops. Females typically give birth every other year, usually to a single infant, after a six month gestation. The young baboon weighs approximately one kilogram and has a black epidermis when born. The females tend to be the primary caretaker of the young, although several females will share the duties for all of their offspring.