Actinoptérygiens (poissons à nageoires rayonnées)
(Cods) > Gadidae
(Cods and haddocks)
Etymology: Gadus: Latin, gadus = a fish, cod? (Ref. 45335); chalcogrammus: Name from the Greek 'chalcos' meaning brass and 'gramma' meaning mark (Ref. 6885).
This species is placed in the genus Gadus in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. Jan. 2012: Ref. 89336). More studies are needed for a complete revision of all genera of Gadidae.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
; marin; saumâtre benthopélagique; non migrateur; profondeur ? - 1280 m (Ref. 50550), usually 30 - 400 m (Ref. 54255). Polar; 68°N - 34°N, 129°E - 120°W (Ref. 54255)
North Pacific: from Kivalina, Alaska, to the southern Sea of Japan and to Carmel, California, USA. The occurrence off the northern part of Baja California (Mexico), as reported from Quast and Hall, (1972) (Ref. 6876) is apparently erroneous.
Length at first maturity / Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturity: Lm 36.9  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 91.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 2850); poids max. publié: 3.9 kg (Ref. 56335); âge max. reporté: 28 années (Ref. 55701)
Épines dorsales (Total): 0; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total): 38-48; Épines anales 0; Rayons mous anaux: 33 - 42. The dorsal fins are widely separated. The pelvic fins have a slightly elongated filament. The lateral line is continuous to about the back end of the first dorsal-fin base; it is interrupted at the read of the body. On the head are lateral line pores. Body color is olive green to brown on the back and becomes silvery on the sides and pale ventrally, often with mottled patterns or blotches.
The adults usually live near to the sea floor, but sometimes they also appear near the surface (Ref. 1371). They perform diurnal vertical migrations (Ref. 1371). They mainly feed on krill (Ref. 39882) but they also eat fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 6885). The adults which are spawning are often solely captured for their roe. The meat is used to produce surimi (this is an imitation of shellfish meat) (Ref. 28499). They are traded as fresh fish, boneless flesh, in frozen blocks or as surimi. The fish is cooked in the microwave, steamed or fried in butter (Ref. 9988).
Oviparous, sexes are separate (Ref. 205). Congregate in dense schools to spawn, usually at 50 to 250 m depth.
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 119314)
CITES (Ref. 115941)
Menace pour l'homme
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêcheries: hautement commercial
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805
= 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Niveau trophique (Ref. 69278
): 3.6 ±0.1 se; Based on diet studies.
Résilience (Ref. 69278
): Faible, temps minimum de doublement de population : 4,5 à 14 années (Musick et al. 2000 (Ref. 36717
); tmax = 28).
Vulnérabilité (Ref. 59153
): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100) .