Total suspended stable (TSS) is an important water quality parameter. water, and the radiance measured from the spectroradiometer. The value of the turbidity and TSS correlation coefficient was 0.766, which implies that turbidity is significantly related to TSS in the Wu river basin. The results indicated that TSS and turbidity are positively correlated in a significant way across the entire spectrum, when TSS concentration and turbidity levels were under 800 mgL?1 and 600 NTU, respectively. Optimal wavelengths for the measurements of TSS and turbidity are found in the 700 and 900 nm range, respectively. Based on the results, better accuracy was acquired only when the ranges of turbidity and TSS concentration were less than 800 mgL?1 and less than 600 NTU, respectively and used rather than using whole dataset (R2 = 0.93 1440898-61-2 supplier 0.88 for turbidity and R2 = 0.83 0.58 for TSS). On the other hand, the ANN approach can 1440898-61-2 supplier improve the TSS retrieval using MR. The accuracy of TSS estimation applying ANN (R2 = 0.66) was 1440898-61-2 supplier better than with the MR approach (R2 = 0.58), as expected due to the nonlinear nature of the transformation model. monitoring network because TSS is a temporal and spatially heterogeneous parameter . Currently, measurements of TSS and turbidity of surface water are based on measurements and subsequent laboratory analyses. Traditional methods are time-consuming, discrete in time, require space and don’t very easily lend themselves to understand the temporal and spatial sizes of TSS of surface water which contributes toward more understanding Rabbit Polyclonal to MSK1 concerning the water quality [21C23]. Hence, there is necessity to develop reliable, spatially covering and cost-efficient monitoring techniques that can be deployed very easily, and which should be capable of monitoring surface water quality inside a synoptic look at. The potential for assessing surface water quality from reflected solar radiation through remote sensing has already been recognized [24C26]. According to Santini  identified the composition of water in terms of turbidity using visible and near-infrared (NIR) 1440898-61-2 supplier wavelength satellite data. Teodoro  also analyzed the TSS concentration in sea water using multispectral satellite data. Analyses have verified a non-linear correlation for TSS concentration and sea water reflectivity. When applying an artificial neural network, ASTER, HRVIR, and TM sensors performed better than ASTER and HRVIR sensors in the estimation of TSS using visible and near-infrared band images. Olmanson  used airborne hyperspectral remote sensing to study concerning the water quality parameteres of the Mississippi river and its tributaries in Minnesota. Because, very high concentration of TSS was observed in the river water perhaps due to the massive soil erosion phenomenon . Around the world, agricultral, drinking as well as industrial needs depend on the use of inland surface water reservoirs [36,37]. In turbid inland waters, the fluctuation of suspended matter, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and phytoplankton make it difficult to apply universal remote sensing models for predicting water quality as compared to open ocean waters. For this reason, many site-specific models have been developed using ground-truth data from a variety of environmental settings [38C41]. However, whilst some encouraging experimental results have been observed in presence 1440898-61-2 supplier of only low TSS concentrations (less than 50 mgL?1). But, those calibrated models are applicable only for the inland water bodies which have low levels of turbidity . Papoutsa  assessed the levels of turbidity in inland water body using Landsat TM/ETM+ and CHRIS/PROBA spectral regions through field spectroscopy. spectroradiometric measurements, Secchi disk depth and turbidity measurements were carried out during the study of Asprokremmos Reservoir in Paphos District, Cyprus. Among applied several regression analyses, Landsat TM/ETM+ Band 3 (R2 = 0.85) and CHRIS/PROBA Bands A30 to A32 (R2 = 0.90) have shown the highest correlation. Landslides and debris flows is usually common due to heavy typhoon-season rainstorm and frequent earthquakes in Taiwan. Around 921 earthquakes (7.3 magnitude) occurred on September 21, 1999 which brought voluminous suspended solid from landslides and the debris flows to the streams. Therefore, additional samples and reference field spectra for the higher TSS concentrations of surface water are important in Taiwan. This research examines the spectral reflectance of stream water characterized by heterogeneous TSS concentration and turbidity levels and aimed to identify an appropriate data analysis approach which could aid the quantification of TSS or turbidity at high concentrations using modern remote sensing data. In the present study, the spectral signatures of water reflectance were measured using a portable spectroradiometer, together with ground-truth measurements of TSS concentration, level of turbidity, and chlorophyll, for selected sampling locations in the Wu River basin, Taiwan. The characterization of inland surface waters for higher TSS concentration assisted in the interpretation of inland water quality parameters using remote sensing imagery technique during.