Date Added: Jan 2012
The smart grid is generally characterized as the combination of communications-intensive IT applications with the electric power systems. Which is managed by Transmission and Distribution System Operators (TDSOs) outfitting 20th century electric grids with 21st century telecommunications technology. The smart grid purpose is to create near-real-time control mechanisms that improve the quality of electricity delivery, reduce carbon emissions, manage distributed energy resources, provide automated demand response and reduce the cost of electricity to consumers. Smart grid requires a number of integrated yet distinct applications that require varying degrees of reliability, latency, availability, throughput and security.