Calcium Element in Periodic Table | Atomic Number Atomic Mass
Calcium is an element in the second group and third period of periodic table. Its atomic number is 20 and symbol is Ca. Ca is a soft, silvery-white alkaline earth metal. Although calcium is the fifth most abundant element in the earth's crust after oxygen, silicon, aluminum and iron, it is never found free in nature but exists abundantly as limestone, gypsum , fluorite and apatite (calcium chloro- or fluoro- phosphate). Natural calcium has 24 isotopes among which five are stable, 40Ca, 42Ca, 43Ca, 44Ca and 46Ca and one isotope with a half-life so long that it can be considered stable for all practical purposes (48Ca, with a half-life of about 4.3 × 1019 years). It is essential for all living things especially to the human body. Ca is important for the growth of healthy bones and teeth.It also plays a vital role in muscle movement by carrying messages from the brain to all our body parts. Many enzymes require calcium ions as a cofactor.
Calcium Element Uses:
- Calcium compounds have a wide variety of uses; particularly they are used in foods and pharmaceuticals for calcium supplementation,
- in the paper industry as bleaches,
- in manufacture of cement,
- in the manufacture of soaps
- as electrical insulators and
- as a reducing agent in preparing the other metals such as thorium and uranium and also often used as an alloying component for aluminium, beryllium, copper, lead and magnesium alloys.
Calcium Element Information:
Discovery year: 1808
Discovered by: Humphry Davy
Atomic number: 20
Relative atomic mass: 40.078
Electron configuration: [Ar] 4s2
Other elements in the same block:
Period: period 4
Other elements in the same period:
Group: group 2 (alkaline earth metals)
Other elements in the same group:
Other elements in the same orbital:
Potassium is the element in the same group.
Key isotopes: 40Ca
Melting point: 842°C, 1548°F, 1115 K
Boiling point: 1484°C, 2703°F, 1757 K
Element category: alkaline earth metal
Density (g cm−3): 1.54
CAS number: 7440-70-2
Color: dull gray, silver; with a pale yellow tint
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