Murray (1888) estimates the total area of the Mediterranean at 813,000 sq.
(See Ocean.) Murray estimates the total surface of the Mediterranean drainage area, with which must be included the Black Sea, at 2,934,500 sq.
The later expedition of the " Pola " discovered the " Rhodes Deep " (36° 5' N., 28° 36' E.), with a maximum depth of 2110 fathoms: this deep is closed to the south-east by a ridge running south-east, over which the depth is 1050 fathoms. Off the coast of Syria the " Pola "obtained four soundings of more than 1100 fathoms, and between Cyprus and the coast of Asia Minor only two over 550 fathoms. Murray gives the following figures for the areas and volumes of the Mediterranean at different depths: which gives a mean depth over all of 768 fathoms. The following table is due to Karstens: Kriimmel gives the total volume of the basin as 4,249,020 cubic kilometres or 1,019,400 cubic statute miles, and the mean depth as 782 fathoms. (See Ocean.) Meteorology.
During the War of Independence Norfolk was bombarded on the 1st of January 1776 by the British under John Murray, 4th earl of Dunmore (1732-1809); much of the town was burned by the American troops to prevent Dunmore from establishing himself here.
Ministers and people with few exceptions - the most notable being the Scotch Highlanders who had settled in the valley of the Mohawk in New York and on Cape Fear river in North Carolina - sided with the patriot or Whig party: John Witherspoon was the only clergyman in the Continental Congress of 1776, and was otherwise a prominent leader; John Murray of the Presbytery of the Eastward was an eloquent leader in New England; and in the South the Scotch-Irish were the backbone of the American partisan forces, two of whose leaders, Daniel Morgan and Andrew Pickens, were Presbyterian elders.
WILLIAM MURRAY MANSFIELD, 1ST Earl Of (1705-1793), English judge, was born at Scone in Perthshire, on the 2nd of March 1705.
He was a younger son of David Murray, 5th Viscount Stormont (c. 1665-1731), the dignity having been granted in 1621 by James I.
To his friend and helper, Sir David Murray (d.
William Murray was educated at Perth grammar school and Westminster School, of which he was a king's scholar.
Direct remainder to his nephew David Murray, 7th Viscount Stormont (1727-1796).
In 1906 his descendant Alan David Murray (b.
The Murray, the greatest river of Australia, debouches into Lake Alexandrina, and thence into the sea at Encounter Bay in South Australia.
The network of streams forming the tributaries of the Darling and Murray system give an idea of a well-watered country.
The Darling is reckoned amongst the longest rivers in the world, for it is navigable, part of the year, from Walgett to its confluence with the Murray, 1758 m., and then to the sea, a further distance of 587 m.
All Australian rivers, except the Murray and the Murrumbidgee, depend entirely and directly on the rainfall.
The Gulf of Carpentaria to the Murray river.
But they have been separated by the foundering of the Coral Sea and the Tasman Sea, which divided the continent of Australia from the islands of the Australasian festoon; and the foundering of the band across Australia, from the Gulf of Carpentaria, through western Queensland and western New South Wales, to the lower basin of the Murray, has separated the Archean areas of eastern and western Australia.
The Silurian system was marked by the retreat of the sea from central Australia; but the sea still covered a band across Victoria, from the coast to the Murray basin, passing to the east of Melbourne.
The sea extended up the Murray basin into the western plains of New South Wales.
A very fine freshwater fish is the Murray cod, which sometimes weighs Too lb; and the golden perch, found in the same river, has rare beauty of colour.
The red gum forests of the Murray valley and the pine forests bordering the Great Plains are important and valuable.
Circumcision of one or two kinds was usual in the north and south, but not in Western Australia or on the Murray river.
On the Lower Murray the body is placed on a platform of sticks and left to decay.
Crossing the Murray at Albury, the explorers, bearing to the south-west, skirted the western shore of Port Philip and reached the sea-coast near where the town of Geelong now stands.
This stream, the Murray, in the upper part of its course runs in a north-westerly direction, but afterwards turning southwards, almost at a right angle, expands into Lake Alexandrina on the south coast, about 60 m.
Until he was certain the river was identical with that reported by Sturt as joining the Murray about 142° E.
Murray estimates the total area of land draining to the Atlantic to be 13,432,000 sq.
In these troughs the depth is seldom much less than 3000 fathoms, and this is exceeded in a series of patches to which Murray has given the name of " Deeps."
In the Murray system the messages are first prepared in the form of a strip of perforated paper about half an inch wide.
Per forating machines equipped with typewriter keyboards are used for the preparation of the messages, two or three keyboard perforators being employed at each end of the telegraph lines on which the Murray system is used.
The Murray automatic system was designed specially for dealing with heavy traffic on long lines.
The Murray automatic system is not regarded as suitable for short telegraph lines or moderate traffic, printing telegraphs on the multiplex principle being considered preferable in such circumstances.
Erskine-Murray, A Handbook of Wireless Telegraphy (1907); J.
Harrison, Prolegomena to the Study of Greek Religion (2nd ed., 1908, with a critical appendix by Gilbert Murray on the Orphic tablets); E.
Sir John Murray deduced the mean height of the land of the globe as about 2250 ft.
Murray, as the result of his study, g divided the earth's surface into three zones - the continental to Al d ay.
Murray, " Drainage Areas of the Continents," Scot.
He left no lawful descendants; but his nephew, Francis Stewart Hepburn, who, through his father, John Stewart, prior of Coldingham, was a grandson of King James V., and was thus related to Mary, queen of Scots, and the regent Murray, was in 1581 created earl of Bothwell.
It stands near the border of Victoria, on the right bank of the Murray river, here crossed by two bridges, one built of wood carrying a road, the other of iron bearing the railway.
The Murray is navigable for small steamers from this town to its mouth, a distance of 1800 miles.
Geere, By Nile and Euphrates (1904); Baedeker, Palestine and Syria (1906); Murray, Handbook to Asia Minor, &c., section iii.
The earliest arrangement of this kind was patented by John Blenkinsop, of the Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, in 1811, and an engine built on his plan by Mathew Murray, also of Leeds, began in 1812 to haul coals from Middleton to Leeds over a line 32 m.
He had been chaplain to Murray of Broughton, and afterwards became minister of Balmaghie, about 31 m.
Murray inclines to assign it to Sir James Inglis, or an unknown priest of the name of Wedderburn.
In 1913 he entered the U.S. Senate, succeeding Winthrop Murray Crane, but was defeated for reelection in 1919.
Murray, Excavations in Cyprus (1900); W.
Inside the fortress lies the old Protestant burying-ground, with tombs of Sackville, of John Murray, of Sir Francis Vincent, last ambassador but one from Great Britain to the republic, of Consul Smith, whose collection of books forms the nucleus of the King's library in the British Museum, and of Catherine Tofts, the singer, Smith's first wife.
The township of Rutland was granted by New Hampshire in 1761 to John Murray of Rutland, Massachusetts, and about the same time it was granted (as Fairfield) by New York.
A Bathymetrical Survey of the Freshwater Lochs of Scotland, under the direction of Sir John Murray and L.
See latest editions of guidebooks to Lower Egypt (Baedeker, Murray, Macmillan).