Beyond the Center: Decentralizing the State
QUOTEDecentralization is transforming the structure of governance in Latin America. Since 1983, all but one of the largest countries in the region have seen a transfer of power, resources, and responsibilities to subnational units of government.QUOTEThis dispersion of power is a global trend due to many different political , economic, and social factors. However, as this trend continues, the importance of accountability, deciding who is responsible for what, and giving those held accountable the authority to deliver results. In light of these important issues, this report examines the impact of decentralization and its effect on the efficiency of public services, on equity, and on macroeconomic stability. It also addresses the issue of politics and notes that successful decentralization requires more than good rules. Those rules must be compatible with incentives Therefore, the report looks at the broader set of rules that affect political behavior, focusing particularly on electoral systems and political parties.
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Decentralization Politics in Command
Getting the Rules Right A Framework for Subnational Government
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administration allocation Argentina assigned authority autonomy bailouts banks benefits Bolivia Brazil central government Chile Colombia costs creditors decen decentraliza decentralization reforms decisionmaking decisions democracy develop E-mail economic education decentralization effective electoral districts ernment evaluation example expenditures federal government financing fiscal fiscal adjustment Fixed shares functions funds governors Guatemala hard budget constraint health sector hospitals implementation incentives increased institutional intergovernmental Latin America Latin American countries learning levels of government macroeconomic mayors ment Mexico military Minas Gerais Ministry multiseat municipal governments municipios national government national level Nicaragua OECD overall party pedagogic percent performance personnel political President directly elected primary education primary health problems programs proportional representation provinces public sector regional responsibilities revenues road management role rules school councils school directors school improvement plan staff structure subnational borrowing subnational governments Table taxes teachers tion tional tralization transfers urban Venezuela