Which is characteric of mumps infection?
|A||Is apt to recur periodically in many affected persons|
|B||Is maintained in a large canine reservoir|
|C||Is preventable by immunization|
|D||Usually produces severe systemic manifestations|
a. Natural mumps infection confers immunity after a single infection, even if the infection was a unilateral, not a bilateral, parotitis.
b. Also, sterility from mumps orchitis is not ensured; only 20% of males older than 13 years of age develop orchitis. The majority of patients with mumps do not develop systemic manifestations.
c. In fact, some do not develop parotitis. Last, the virus is maintained exclusively in human populations; canine reservoirs are not known.
d. The mumps vaccine is a live attenuated virus vaccine derived from chick-embryo tissue culture.
e. HSV meningitis or encephalitis is difficult to diagnose by laboratory tests, as there is a low titer of virus present in the cerebrospinal fluid.
f. Neonatal HSV infects the child during the birth process. While culture, Tzanck smear, and even antibody tests may be useful in adults, particularly those with HSV-rich lesions, they are not useful for CSF testing.
g. Only PCR is sensitive enough to detect HSV DNA in the CSF Once diagnosed rapidly, HSV encephalitis or meningitis can be treated with acyclovir.