By K. Christmann, H. J. Freund, J. Kim, B. Koel, H. Kuhlenbeck, M. Morgenstern, C. Panja, G. Pirug, G. Rupprechter, E. Samano, G.A. Somorjai
Surface technological know-how is known as a comparatively younger medical self-discipline, curious about the actual and chemical homes of phenomena on fresh and coated reliable surfaces, studied less than quite a few stipulations. The adsorption of atoms and molecules on sturdy surfaces is, for instance, this kind of situation, hooked up with roughly drastic alterations of all floor homes. An adsorption occasion is usually saw in nature and located to be of technical significance in lots of business techniques. hence, floor technological know-how is interdisciplinary by way of its very nature, and as such an incredible middleman among primary and utilized research.
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Extra info for Adsorption of Molecules on Metal, Semiconductor and Oxide Surfaces (Landolt-Börnstein: Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology - New Series / Condensed Matter)
This component is enriched at the surface (corrosive chemisorption). An example is provided by the Ge-on-Si(001) system [98Rud]. Regarding the ‘chemistry’ of the systems in question, the following distinction may be useful: Alloys which consist of two metals, both of which adsorb hydrogen readily (for example, Ni and Fe, or Pd and Pt), have to be distinguished from alloys where one of the constituents does not spontaneously adsorb hydrogen, examples being Cu-Ni or Cu-Pd or Au-Pt alloys. In the first case hydrogen will probably not differentiate between the two kinds of metal atoms (unless the local charge distribution will be greatly modified and differ for the two kinds of atoms so that one kind of site is favored over the other).
10−3 MB study; activated adsorption, barrier height 2 - 6 kJ/mol determined by He scattering expts. 1 Adsorbate properties of hydrogen on solid surfaces H adsorption states + desorption temperature at sat’n [K] Frequency factor 1st order [s−1] β1 β2 Pt(211) β1 β2 Au(100)-(5×20) β Au(110)-(1×2) β Au(110)-(1×2) β α Pt(111) 310 390 295 430 170 216 177 121 Remarks Ref. 10−5 Pt(111) [Ref. p. 2 Semiconductor and insulator surfaces Experimental investigations of hydrogen desorption from semiconducting and non-conducting surfaces including the determination of desorption energies and frequency factors are practically restricted to C, Si and Ge surfaces.
Consequently, the dissociation reaction on these latter materials is so effective that the hydrogen molecule breaks instantaneously apart even below 10 K. Hence, a normal TM surface will be immediately covered by a layer of H atoms which saturate the chemical valencies and sort of passivate the surface. Once this layer of chemisorbed H atoms is formed, H2 molecules can merely condense on top, with enthalpies ranging below 5 kJ/mol. This was shown by Frieß et al. for H2 interacting with a (1×1)-H layer on top of a Ru(0001) surface [95Fri]; a series of H2 thermal desorption spectra from their work is reproduced in Fig.
Adsorption of Molecules on Metal, Semiconductor and Oxide Surfaces (Landolt-Börnstein: Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology - New Series / Condensed Matter) by K. Christmann, H. J. Freund, J. Kim, B. Koel, H. Kuhlenbeck, M. Morgenstern, C. Panja, G. Pirug, G. Rupprechter, E. Samano, G.A. Somorjai