Simple Complex Compound Sentences
A sentence is a group of words carrying a complete sense.
Ratan is a good boy.
Soma plucks a flower.
Debakar studies Law.
I shall not go to college.
Sentence according to structures are of three kinds.
(a) Simple Sentence,
(b) Complex Sentence,
(c) Compound Sentence.
A sentence consisting of one subject and one finite verb is a Simple Sentence.
(ii) I like flowers.
(iii) Rana goes to College.
(iv) Sourav Ganguly is an all-rounder.
A verb having a specific number and person is called a Finite Verb. It says something about the Subject and agrees with it.
(b) Complex Sentence:
A sentence consisting of one Principal Clause and one or more Subordinate Clauses is a Complex Sentence. Examples:
(i) I know the man who said that the earth is round.
(ii) This is the man who did it.
(iii) What he says is true.
(iv) When I will go, I myself do not know.
A clause is a combination of words with a Finite verb, but lacking in complete sense. A clause like a Phrase, can do the work of a Noun, Adjective or Adverb
(c) Compound Sentence:
A sentence consisting of two or more independent clauses joined together by co-ordinating conjunction is a Compound Sentence.
(i) Do or die.
(ii) But they were young and hungry and they ate it.
(iii) He not only made a promise, but he also kept it.
(iv) God made the country and man made the town.
[Clauses are further subdivided into (i) Principal Clause, (ii) Subordinate Clause, (iii) Co-ordinate Clause.]
(i) Principal Clause:
A clause which is capable of standing by itself is called a Principal Clause.
Examples: Here is the accused, who stole the purse. I know Ajay, who is a naughty boy.
(ii) Subordinate Clause:
A clause which is dependent on other clauses is called a Subordinate Clause.
They waited until he came.
This is the man who did the work.
(iii) Co-Ordinate Clauses:
Co-ordinate Clauses are clauses which are connected by Co-Ordinating Conjunctions.
: Examples : and or, but, for, yet, not only, but also, therefore, either….. or, neither… nor etc.
Difference between Complex Sentence and Compound Sentence. A Complex Sentence contains one main clause but a Compound Sentence contains more than one main clause.
(ii) A Complex Sentence contains one or more subclause but a Compound Sentence may or may not have any subclause.
sub clause are joined by binders.
(iii) In a Complex Sentence main clause and In a Compound Sentence two main clauses are joined by linkers. A: Conversion of Simple Sentences to Complex ones:
(Noun Clause, Adjective Clause, Adverb Clause]
(a) Simple : We reached at 4 p.m. yesterday.
Complex : It was 4 pm. when we reached yesterday.
(b) Simple :It seemed impossible for him to escape.
Complex :It seemed impossible that he could escape.
Simple : His silence means his consent.
Complex :His silence means that he will give his consent.
B: Conversion of Complex Sentences to Simple ones : [Noun Clause, Adjective Clause, Adverb Clause]
(a) Complex: Though he is rich, he is unhappy.
Simple : Inspite of his richness she is unhappy.
(b) Complex: The truth is that she is a liar.
Simple : To tell you the truth she is a liar.
(c) Complex: Arindam had no money which he could spare Simple :
Simple :Arindam had no money to spare.
C: Conversion of Simple sentences to Compound ones.
[Conjunctions (cumulative) and, as well as, not only but also, but, still yet ,nevertheless, either…or, neither….. no, thereafter, then, so, or, and so, for.]
(a) Simple : Man must eat to live.
Compound: Man must eat or he cannot live.
(b) Simple : Inspite of his wealth he is unhappy.
Compound: He is wealthy, but he is unhappy.
(c) Simple : The judge was pleased with him for his honesty.
Compound: He was honest, so the judge was pleased with him.
(d) Simple : The boy, being hungry ate too much.
Compound: The boy was hungry so he ate too much.
D : Conversion of Compound Sentences to Simple ones. [Participle (ing), Infinitve (to) Preposition phrase]
(a) Compound: The man came home, and began to work. Simple : Coming home, he began to work. (
b) Compound: You must give up smoking or you will die. Simple : You must give up smoking to avoid death.
He is unhappy but he blames none for it.
In spite of his unhappiness he blames none.
Simple Complex Compound Sentences Simple Complex Compound SentencesSimple Complex Compound SentencesSimple Complex Compound SentencesSimple Complex Compound SentencesSimple Complex Compound SentencesSimple Complex Compound SentencesSimple Complex Compound SentencesSimple Complex Compound Sentences