In the late twentieth century, in order to deal with the opportunities and challenges came from the globalization to all the countries worldwide, the developed countries in Europe and the United States began to focus on cultivating students’ global citizenship consciousness and global citizenship practice. Since 1990s, the western debate on global civic education has been widely spread among scholars and practitioners worldwide. The global citizenship education debate focuses on global citizenship education value and practice in three aspects: the connotation of global citizenship education debate on the ability-oriented, value-oriented definition, and the comprehensive-based definition. The value debate on the global citizenship education mainly includes: patriotism and the world socialist argument, national interests and global interests, the global education debate and the civic education debate and unified culture and cultural diversity debate. The global citizenship education practice debate involves the research and development of world education and cognitive education and behavior education.