Woodland animals in the UK - who are they and how can you help them?
Wildlife need woods - and we need our woodlands. Like the Amazon Rainforest, British woodland has a vital role to play in keeping all of us in good health and wellbeing, both animals and people.
Woodland supports many species, thanks to the variety of different habitats, nooks and crannies found in woods.
All 1,000 of the Woodland Trust's woods are free to visit
Like the Amazon Rainforest, British woodland has different layers, from the forest floor, up to the shrub layer, then up to the smaller trees, the taller trees and finally the canopy area. The fact that there are these layers enables all the animals to live well together.
Ancient trees are particularly important especially for animals such as bats. Wildlife love holes, dead and rotting wood & trees, nooks and crannies, all perfect spots for plants and fungi - and many thousands of species of animals. Find out how to save ancient woodland today
If there are a number of ancient trees in one area, this is even better for wildlife - they can enjoy the wood decay and the surfaces of trunks, bough and roots, and all gather together in one small area.
Wildlife in Woods
There are those animals who are there all the time, such as the little dormouse, who is nocturnal and very hard to find.
Many other UK mammals - shrews, squirrels, mice, the wood mouse, hedgehogs, foxes, voles, weasels, stoats and badgers stay there at least some of the time. Bats tend to emerge at dusk
Many mammals are shy and elusive, so you may not see them as you stroll through the woods. A useful book to help you identify any signs of animal life is "Animal Tracks and Signs"
which gives you the chance to become a detective.
Give a hedgehog a place to live
Most woods have a variety of bird species, perhaps staying all the year round or merely coming for the spring and the summer. The chiffchaff, nightingale, willow warbler, black cap, red start and pied flycatchers tend to be the spring migrants.
You'll also spot the tit family, the tree creeper, woodcock, wood pigeon, wood warblers and woodpecker. Owls also need woodland, especially tawny owls, as do buzzards. And you may also spot chaffinches, nuthatches & others. Many birds & insects can be found on rotting wood or in the hollow of trees.
One of the reasons for the huge variety of birdlife in broadleaved woods is because of the number of insects and other invertebrates which love to live there as well. They particularly enjoy the oak tree.
You'll also find lots of beetles, especially around old trees, and also butterflies. The more nocturnal wasp is also there - as are bees, wasps, flies and spiders.
The UK doesn't have so many reptiles & amphibians in its woods, although you may come across the slow worm or adder lurking in the undergrowth
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Help hedgehogs with food and a home from Garden Wildlife Direct
Adders will often come out to sunbathe in groups in the spring time. They are protected by law, so you mustn't disturb them. Newts, frogs and toads are most likely to be found in woods with rivers and ponds, as they need those to survive.
Along woodland rides - those glorious open paths of green grass - you'll find rich flora and an even greater variety of insects and animals - perhaps you'll spot ants on the march.
Other woodland life includes...
You'll find fungi - we saw quite a few this morning. They don't like change, so tend to be found in ancient woodland. Fungi are important beause they supply trees with nutrients from the soil - while the tree give fungi sugar. Then there are lichens, those orange, white, breen or brown crusts on old stones, tree trunks and branches. They consist of fungi and algae combined. And there are about 50 native tree species in the UK (as well as non-native trees, usually planted by people), flowers and other plants - shurbs, mosses, ferns and wildflowers, most famously the bluebell, foxglove and snowdrop. So there's lots to discover and explore!
Help save British woodlands and wildlife
Ancient woodland is one of our richest wildlife habitats. It really is ancient - it's defined as woodland that has been continually wooded since 1600AD It covers just 2% of the UK's land areas. Thousands on thousand of acres of ancient woodland were replanted with conifers between the 1930s and 1980s which damaged the communities of animals and plants. The Woodland Trust wants to see the active conservation and restoration of our ancient woodland. Find out about the Trust's campaigns here
Click here to become a member of the Woodland Trust from £3 a month and help protect native woodland and wildlife. Every new member means that the Trust can protect half an acre of woodland to help wildlife. Join today!