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Significance and Use
4.1 Antimicrobial agents are routinely used for treating textile materials for the reduction of biodeterioration and bacterial odor generation. Furthermore, textiles are treated to prevent or limit microbial cross-contamination in healthcare settings.
4.2 Antimicrobial agents used in textiles will vary with regard to their broad-spectrum effectiveness, biostatic/biocidal properties, and binding properties in or on particular substrates. When selecting antibacterial test methods as the sole means to predict end use behavior it is critical to understand the intended end use conditions of the treated articles.
4.3 Textile materials differ with regard to the knit/weave, fabric composition, and added functional feature (for example, water repellent, flame retardant, softener, whitener). Each of these factors may alter test results within a given method.
4.4 The test methods indicated below differ mainly in the procedure for inoculating samples, levels of nutrients in the bacterial challenge, organisms used, and exposure times.
4.5 This guide is intended to review each commonly used industry standard test method for its applicability with an understanding of each of the factors listed above. Further, it is the intention of this guide to indicate commonly used and generally accepted modifications of each method when measuring specific end-use functionalities.
4.6 These test methods are not, in themselves, absolute indicators of real life performance. Such performance criteria are developed based on a series of antimicrobial and analytical test methods in addition to simulated real life use studies. All antimicrobial agents used for the treatment of textiles should be compliant with local regulatory agencies and should be deemed safe for the proposed end-use and claims.
1.1 This guide provides users with an index of procedures in the form of test methods, practices, and related international documents that are currently used in the textile industry for determining antibacterial properties of antimicrobial treated textile articles. This guide is not considered as all-inclusive for antimicrobial testing procedures related to textiles.
1.2 This guide identifies some existing ASTM and other industry standard test methods applicable for testing the antibacterial performance on textiles and discusses options within each method that have been used to address specific end-use performance expectations.
1.3 This guide is intended to assist testing facilities in determining which test methods are appropriate for which treated articles based on type of antimicrobial active involved (diffusible versus non-diffusible), nature of test fabric, and expected end use.
1.4 The test methods indicated in this guide should be performed only by those trained in microbiological techniques, are familiar with textile antimicrobial agents and with the end use exposures of the antimicrobial treated textile material.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
JIS StandardsJIS L 1902 Testing for Antibacterial Activity and Efficacy on Textile Products JIS Z 2801 Antimicrobial Products - Test for Antimicrobial Activity and Efficacy
E2149 Test Method for Determining the Antimicrobial Activity of Antimicrobial Agents Under Dynamic Contact Conditions
E2180 Test Method for Determining the Activity of Incorporated Antimicrobial Agent(s) In Polymeric or Hydrophobic Materials
E2722 Test Method for Using Seeded-Agar for the Screening Assessment of Antimicrobial Activity in Fabric and Air Filter Media
E2756 Terminology Relating to Antimicrobial and Antiviral Agents
AATCC StandardsAATCC Test Method 100: Antibacterial Finishes on Fabrics, Evaluation of. American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, RTP, NC AATCC Test Method 147: Antibacterial Activity Assessment of Textile Materials: Parallel Streak Method. American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, RTP, NC AATCC Test Method 90: Antibacterial Activity Assessment of Textile Materials: Agar Plate Method. American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, RTP, NC
ISO StandardsISO 20743 Textiles - Determination of Antibacterial Activity of Antibacterial Finished Products ISO 22196 Plastics - Measurement of Antibacterial Activity on Plastics Surfaces
ICS Number Code 59.080.01 (Textiles in general)
UNSPSC Code 11160000(Fabrics and leather materials)
|Link to Active (This link will always route to the current Active version of the standard.)|
ASTM E2922-15, Standard Guide for The Use of Standard Test Methods and Practices for Evaluating Antibacterial Activity on Textiles, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2015, www.astm.orgBack to Top