Lyme disease is a health condition which occurs due to ticks carrying bacteria. There are mainly four types of bacteria responsible for the development of this disease namely – Borrelia mayonii, Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia burgdorferi, and Borrelia garinii bacteria. Lyme disease is a highly treatable condition if caught in its early stage. However, it is not easy to identify the signs of this disease easily as the ticks are usually small and it becomes tough to spot them even when they are filled with blood. Such ticks are most commonly found in grassy area or wooded region. Therefore, people who live near grassy area are more likely to get bitten by an infected tick & acquire Lyme disease.
Warning Signs & Symptoms of Lyme disease
Signs & symptoms of Lyme disease may vary depending on its severity. The following list elaborates some early warning signs & symptoms of Lyme disease.
Rash – Most common sign of Lyme disease is a circular reddish rash called as ‘erythema migrans’ which appears like a bull’s eye. It may expand slowly and deteriorate patient’s condition.
Flu-Like Signs – Patients may experience flu-like symptoms such as fever, chills, severe body aches, headache, and extreme tiredness.
The enumerated list exhibits the symptoms which a patient might face in an advanced stage of Lyme disease.
- Joint pain
- Nausea & vomiting
- Short-term memory loss
- Difficulty concentrating
- Eye inflammation
- Liver inflammation (hepatitis)
Lyme disease may result in serious health conditions if not treated timely. Therefore, patients must immediately contact an experienced doctor on observing the above-mentioned symptoms.
Diagnosing Lyme disease
At first, doctors may ask the patients to show their medical history reports to understand their exact health condition. Respective surgeons may order given diagnostic tests to determine the presence of Lyme disease.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Test – This test involves taking a sample of patient’s blood & checking for an antigen or antibody in a medical laboratory.
Western Blot Test – Western blot is normally a follow-up diagnostic test which is performed when the outcome of ELISA test is positive. It can clearly identify the type of antibody present in patient’s blood sample & confirm the diagnosis.
Lyme disease Treatment Options
Lyme disease can be efficiently treated with the help of following treatment options.
Oral Antibiotics – Oral antibiotics medications are mostly recommended to patients during early stage of Lyme disease. Oral antibiotics course may last up to 21 days. Surgeons may advise doxycycline drugs to children over the age category of 8 years. Whereas, amoxicillin & cefuroxime drugs are recommended to adults especially breastfeeding women.
Intravenous Antibiotics – Doctors may recommend intravenous antibiotics for persisting or chronic condition of Lyme disease. Intravenous antibiotic treatment is highly beneficial in eliminating the infection. However, it may require some time for a patient to recover completely.
Preventive Measures for Lyme disease
Unfortunately, there is no vaccination available for Lyme disease at present. However, this disease can be prevented by following the below measures strictly.
Appropriate Clothing – People who live near grassy area should try to wear full-sleeved clothes to minimize the risk of tick-bite. Wearing light-colored clothes can also help to spot any ticks.
Using Insect Repellents – Insect repellent creams or lotion on exposed body area can significantly help reduce the possibility of getting Lyme disease.
Skin Inspection – People living in woody area should inspect the skin of their children as well as other family members on a daily basis. It will definitely ensure a good health & prevent them from Lyme disease.
Cleaning The Yard – One must clean the yard regularly & keep the woodpiles in sunlight.
Checking for The Signs – It would be wrong to say that one cannot get Lyme disease twice. Therefore, everyone must keep a track of their skin’s health and constantly check out for early symptoms of this disease like redness or swelling.
In addition to this, people who suspect a tick bite must seek a prompt treatment. These simple yet powerful steps can help prevent Lyme disease to a greater extent.
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