Juana de Ibarbourou, original name Juanita Fernández Morales, (born March 8, 1892 or 1895, Melo, Uruguay—died July 1979, Montevideo), Uruguayan poet, one of the most famous Latin American women poets. She was venerated for her lyrical celebration of love and nature.
Ibarbourou spent her childhood in a small village surrounded by country things. She was largely self-educated. In 1914 she married and later she bore a son. After a somewhat peripatetic existence, the family moved to Montevideo in 1918.
Ibarbourou’s poetry, rich in sensual images and expressed in simple language, deals with the themes of love and nature. Las lenguas de diamante (1919; “Tongues of Diamond”) is strikingly sensual, erotic, and pantheistic. These qualities, along with a youthful narcissism, are also present in Raíz salvaje (1922; “Savage Root”). The urgency and abundance in these early works gave way later, in La rosa de los vientos (1930; “Compass Rose”), to a sense of declining beauty and vitality and, finally, in Perdida (1950; “Lost”), to an expression of despair. She was deeply affected by her own illness and the deaths of her parents and husband.
Although Ibarbourou’s later poetry lacked the passion and feeling of her earlier work, she remained one of the most popular poets of South America. She was elected president of the Sociedad Uruguaya de Escritores (Society of Uruguayan Writers) in 1950.