Caria was a region of western Anatolia extending along the coast from mid-Ionia (Mycale) south to Lycia and east to Phrygia. The Ionian and Dorian Greeks colonized the west of it and joined the Carian population in forming Greek-dominated states there.
Persian Empire, Carian Satrapy, Pixodaros, c. 340 - 335 B.C.
Pixodarus was the youngest of the three sons of Hecatomnus, all of whom successively ruled. To secure the friendship of Philip II, king of Macedonia, Pixodarus offered his eldest daughter in marriage to his Philip's son Arrhidaeus. Arrhidaeus' ambitious younger brother, Alexander (later Alexander the Great) offered himself instead. Pixodarus eagerly agreed but Philip put an end to the scheme. Pixodarus died, apparently a natural death, before Alexander landed in Asia in 334 B.C. and was succeeded by his Persian son-in-law Orontobates.
SH63582. Silver didrachm, SNG Cop 597; SNGvA 2375; SNG Keckman 280; SNG Kayhan 891; SNG Lockett 2913; BMC Caria p. 185, 5 ff.; Weber 6608; SGCV II 4966, aVF, porous, weight 6.541 g, maximum diameter 19.5 mm, die axis 0o, Mylasa mint, c. 340 - 335 B.C.; obverse head of Apollo facing slightly right; reverse ΠIΞΩ∆APOY, Zeus Labraundos standing right, labrys (double-headed axe) over shoulder in right, lotus-tipped scepter vertical in left; $760.00 (€570.00)
Alabanda (as Antiocheia), Caria, 197 - 190 B.C.
Alabanda was renamed Antioch of the Chrysaorians during the reign of Antiochus II, sometime between 267 and 260 B.C. However, it was only in the reign of Antiochus III, that Alabanda to mint coins. Only the first series was struck with the name Antioch, after which all coins were struck as Alabanda. See N. Waggoner, "A New Wrinkle in the Hellenistic Coinage of Antioch/ Alabanda" in Essays Kraay-Morkholm (1989).
SH65749. Silver tetradrachm, SNGvA 2380, cf. SNG Cop 2 (magistrate), VF, a little rough, weight 16.227 g, maximum diameter 29.9 mm, die axis 0o, Alabanda as Antiocheia mint, 197 - 190 B.C.; obverse laureate head of Apollo left with long hair; reverse ANTIOXEΩN / ΣYMMAX, Pegasos flying left; $440.00 (€330.00)
Alabanda, Caria, c. 162 - 161 B.C., Civic Coinage in the Types and Name of Alexander the Great
Alabanda was on the river Marsyas, about twenty miles south of its confluence with the Maeander. It allied with Rome in the war against Philip V of Macedon, c. 197 B.C. Antiochus III took it soon after and renamed it Antiocheia until his defeat in 190 B.C. at the battle of Magnesia. Price dated this series of Alexandrine tetradrachms beginning in 173 B.C. and ending in 167 B.C., when Alabanda was defeated after invading Rhodian territory. Cohen begins the era in 167 B.C., after Caria and Lycia were declared free by the Roman Senate.
SH71159. Silver tetradrachm, Price 2466, SNG Cop 757, Müller Alexander 1148, Tel Kotechek 517 ff., Cohen Dated 311, VF, toned, weight 16.478 g, maximum diameter 30.4 mm, die axis 0o, Alabanda mint, c. 162 - 161 B.C.; obverse Herakles' head right, clad in Nemean lion scalp headdress tied at neck; reverse AΛEΞAN∆POY, Zeus seated left on throne, right leg drawn back, eagle in extended right, long lotus tipped scepter vertical behind in left, Pegasus on left flying left, [ (year 6) under throne; ex Münzen & Medaillen auction 32 (26 May 2010), lot 41; $340.00 (€255.00)
Mygissos, Caria, c. 350 - 300 B.C.
Many Greek cities had names beginning MY, and this type has been attributed to many of them. Most references attribute the type to Myus. Mygissos is most likely correct because nearby Nisyros issued coins with a very similar reverse with NI above the dolphin.
GB69183. Bronze chalkous, SNG München 335 (MY...), SNG Cop 1022 (Myus), SNGvA 2114 (Myus), SNG Tüb 3115 (Myus), SNG Keckman 235 (Myndos?), SNG Kayhan 847 (Myndos), VF, pitting, weight 1.910 g, maximum diameter 11.0 mm, die axis 270o, Mygissos mint, c. 350 - 300 B.C.; obverse laureate head of Poseidon right; reversedolphin right, MY above, trident right below; rare; $180.00 (€135.00)
Kindya, Caria, c. 510 - 490 B.C.
Previously attributed to Phokaia in Ionia. Rare with the head facing right.
In Greek Mythology, Ketos was a hideous sea-monster, daughter of Gaia and Pontos. In time it became the name of any sea-monster. Our word cetacean is derived from this name.
GA90962. Silver tetrobol, SNG Keckman 920 var, SNG Kayhan 815, Asyut 688, VF, lightly toned, areas of corrosion, weight 2.111 g, maximum diameter 11.8 mm, Kindya mint, c. 510 - 490 B.C.; obverse head of Ketos right; reverseincuse geometric pattern; ex Forum 2/2007, ex Gans 2/1965; rare; $175.00 (€131.25)
Mygissos, Caria, c. 350 - 300 B.C.
Many Greek cities had names beginning MY, and this type has been attributed to many of them. Mygissos is most likely correct because nearby Nisyros issued coins with a very similar reverse with NI above the dolphin.
GB67788. Bronze chalkous, SNG München 335 (MY...), SNG Cop 1022 (Myus), SNGvA 2114 (Myus), SNG Tüb 3115 (Myus), SNG Keckman 235 (Myndos?), SNG Kayhan 847 (Myndos), F, weight 1.655 g, maximum diameter 11.1 mm, die axis 0o, Mygissos mint, c. 350 - 300 B.C.; obverse laureate head of Poseidon right; reversedolphin right, MY above, trident right below; very rare; $155.00 (€116.25)
SNG Finland, The Erkki Keckman Collection in the Skopbank, Helsinki, Part I, Karia
SNG Keckman I
The Erkki Keckman Collection in the Skopbank, Helsinki, Part I, Karia
Richard Ashton, editor.
Often called SNG Keckman or SNG Helsinki. This volume, one of two for the Keckman Collection, is a primary reference for the coins of Karia. It is difficult to obtain but essential for dealers and specialist collectors.
BKBKARIA. SNG Finland, The Erkki Keckman Collection in the Skopbank, Helsinki, Part I, Karia, 32 plates, 926 coins; $140.00 (€105.00)
Augustus, 16 January 27 B.C. - 19 August 14 A.D., Cos, Islands of Caria
Asclepius is the god of medicine and healing in ancient Greek mythology. Asclepius represents the healing aspect of the medical arts, while his daughters Hygieia, Meditrina, Iaso, Aceso, Aglæa, and Panacea (literally, "all-healing") symbolize the forces of cleanliness, medicine, and healing, respectively.
RP70539. Bronze AE 19, RPC I 2734; BMC Caria p. 216, 223; SNG Cop 696, Fair, weight 5.808 g, maximum diameter 19.4 mm, die axis 0o, Cos mint, c. 10 B.C. - c. 10 A.D.; obverse ΣEBAΣTOΣ, laureate head right; reverse KΩIΩN XAPMYΛOΣ B, laureate head of Asklepios right; $125.00 (€93.75)
Caria, Uncertain Satrap, c. 400 - 350 B.C.
GS70805. Silver tetartemorion, Troxell Carians 4, SNG Keckman 862, Klein 503, cf. SNG Kayhan 990 (no inscription), SNG Turkey VIII -, SNG Cop -, F, toned, weight 0.430 g, maximum diameter 8.2 mm, die axis 180o, uncertain mint, obverse head and neck of a lion left, head turned slightly facing; reverse head and neck of a bull left, head turned facing, Karian inscription (resembles MV-H-Φ, clockwise from above), all within a round incuse; rare; $120.00 (€90.00)
Caria, Uncertain City (probably Mylasa), c. 420 - 390 B.C.
Among the smallest coins ever minted.
GA68731. Silver tetartemorion, SNG Kayhan 940 - 943, SNG Keckman 926, VF, well centered and nice for the type, weight 0.263 g, maximum diameter 5.8 mm, die axis 45o, Carian mint, c. 420 - 390 B.C.; obverse forepart of lion right, head turned back left; reverse bird standing left within incuse square; $120.00 (€90.00)
Ashton, R. “The Solar Disk Drachms of Caria” in NC 1990. Ashton, R., et al. “The Pixodarus Hoard” in Coin Hoards IX (2002). Göktürk, M.T. “A Hoard of Hellenistic Silver Coins of Myndos, Halikarnassos, and Knidos” in Studies in Ancient Coinage from Turkey. (London, 1996). Head, B.V. A Catalog of the Greek Coins in the British Museum, Caria, Cos, Rhodes, etc. (London, 1897). Hurter. S. “Lions and lionesses, eagles and a few heads: a new uncertain mint in Caria” in Essays Hersh. Imhoof-Blumer, F. Kleinasiatische Münzen. (Vienna, 1901-2). Imhoof-Blumer, F. Zur griechischen und römischen Münkunde. (Vienna, 1908). Klein, Dieter. Sammlung von griechischen Kleinsilbermünzen und Bronzen, Nomismata 3. (Milano, 1999). Konuk, K. “Influences et Eléments Achéménides dans le monnayage de la Carie” in MIMAA. Konuk, K. “The Early Coinage of Kaunos” in Essays Price, pp. 197 - 224 and pls. 47 - 50. Meadows, A.R. "Stratonikeia in Caria: the Hellenistic City and its Coinage" in NC 2002. Numismatik Lanz, Auktion 13: Sammlung Karl, Münzen von Karien. (27 Nov 2006). Price, M.J. & N. Waggoner. Archaic Greek Silver Coinage, The "Asyut" Hoard. (London, 1975). Sear, D. Greek Coins and Their Values, Volume 2, Asia and Africa. (London, 1979). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Denmark, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum, Vol. 5: Ionia, Caria and Lydia. (West Milford, NJ, 1982). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, Münzsammlung Universität Tübingen, Part 5: Karien und Lydien. (Berlin, 1994). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, Sammlung Hans Von Aulock, Vol. 2: Caria, Lydia, Phrygia, Lycia, Pamphylia. (Berlin, 1962). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Finland, The Erkki Keckman Collection in the Skopbank, Helsinki, Part 1: Karia. (Helsinki, 1994). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain VI, Corpus Christi College Cambridge, The Lewis Collection II: The Greek Imperial Coins. (1992). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Turkey I: The Muharrem Kayhan Collection. (Istanbul, 2002). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Turkey VIII: Mugla Museum, Vol. 1: Caria. (Istanbul, 2012). Troxell, H.A. “Carians in Miniature” in Studies Mildenberg. Troxell, H.A. “Winged Carians” in Essays Thompson. Yarkin, U. “The Coinage of Syangela in Caria” in NC 1975. Waggoner, N.M. Early Greek Coins from the Collection of Jonathan P. Rosen (ANS ACNAC 5). (New York, 1983).
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