The tomato genome sequence provides insights into fleshy fruit evolution.
|Title||The tomato genome sequence provides insights into fleshy fruit evolution.|
|Publication Type||Journal Article|
|Year of Publication||2012|
|Date Published||2012 May 31|
|Keywords||Arabidopsis, DNA, Evolution, Genetic Variation, Genome, Genomics, Lycopersicon esculentum, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Plant, RNA, Sequence Analysis, Solanum tuberosum, Soybeans, Synteny|
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a major crop plant and a model system for fruit development. Solanum is one of the largest angiosperm genera and includes annual and perennial plants from diverse habitats. Here we present a high-quality genome sequence of domesticated tomato, a draft sequence of its closest wild relative, Solanum pimpinellifolium, and compare them to each other and to the potato genome (Solanum tuberosum). The two tomato genomes show only 0.6% nucleotide divergence and signs of recent admixture, but show more than 8% divergence from potato, with nine large and several smaller inversions. In contrast to Arabidopsis, but similar to soybean, tomato and potato small RNAs map predominantly to gene-rich chromosomal regions, including gene promoters. The Solanum lineage has experienced two consecutive genome triplications: one that is ancient and shared with rosids, and a more recent one. These triplications set the stage for the neofunctionalization of genes controlling fruit characteristics, such as colour and fleshiness.