We are subtracting fractions, so we need common denominators. Factor all denominators. The first denominator will not factor, but there is a common factor in both of the terms in the second denominator.
however, even after factoring, there are no common factors in the two denominators, so we will need to cross multiply to find common denominators
Remove parentheses and subtract. remember that since this is a subtraction problem, we must change the sign on all the terms in the polynomial that is being subtracted.
Combine like terms on top.
The bottom is nicely factored at this point, but to see if the fraction will reduce, we need to see if the top will factor. In this case it doesn't, so we are done.
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