"Medicine is the science and "art" of maintaining and/or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of patients."
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Theory of medicine
Def. "[t]he study of the cause, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of disease or illness" is called medicine.
Biomedicine, also known as theoretical medicine, is a term that comprises the knowledge and research which is more or less in common with the fields of human medicine, veterinary medicine, odontology and fundamental biosciences such as biochemistry, chemistry, biology, histology, genetics, embryology, anatomy, physiology, pathology, biomedical engineering, zoology, botany and microbiology.
Biomedicine is usually not concerned with the practice of medicine as much as it is with the theory, knowledge and research of it; its results render possible new drugs and a deeper, molecular understanding of the mechanisms underlying disease, and thus lays the foundation of all medical application, diagnosis and treatment.
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Def. "[a] medicine, application, or treatment that relieves or cures a disease" is called a remedy.
- a "method, device or medication that restores good health" or an
- act "of healing or state of being healed; restoration to health from disease, or to soundness after injury"
is called a cure.
- the "state of being free from physical or psychological disease, illness, or malfunction; wellness" or
- a "state of well-being or balance, often physical but sometimes also mental and social; the overall level of function of an organism from the cellular (micro) level to the social (macro) level"
is called health.
The health of an individual may be a direct product of successful, ongoing genomic expression. Such expression if free from physical or psychological disease, illness, or malfunction may constitute wellness.
Some individuals possess genetic mutations that may at onset produce symptoms indicating a variation from wellness even though these expressions are successful. That same individual in turn may possess expressions that minimize any harmful effects from these mutations or their successful expression.
"Since the 19th century, only those with a medical degree have been considered worthy to practice medicine. Clinicians (licensed professionals who deal with patients) can be physicians, physical therapists, physician assistants, nurses or others. The medical profession is the social and occupational structure of the group of people formally trained and authorized to apply medical knowledge. Many countries and legal jurisdictions have legal limitations on who may practice medicine."
"In most countries, it is a legal requirement for medical doctors to be licensed or registered. In general, this entails a medical degree from a university and accreditation by a medical board or an equivalent national organization, which may ask the applicant to pass exams. This restricts the considerable legal authority of the medical profession to physicians that are trained and qualified by national standards."
"It is also intended as an assurance to patients and as a safeguard against charlatans that practice inadequate medicine for personal gain. While the laws generally require medical doctors to be trained in "evidence based", Western, or Hippocratic Medicine, they are not intended to discourage different paradigms of health."
"In the European Union, the profession of doctor of medicine is regulated. A profession is said to be regulated when access and exercise is subject to the possession of a specific professional qualification. The regulated professions database contains a list of regulated professions for doctor of medicine in the EU member states, EEA countries and Switzerland. This list is covered by the Directive 2005/36/EC."
The current "practice of medicine occurs at the many interfaces between the art of healing and various sciences. Medicine is directly connected to the health sciences and biomedicine. Broadly speaking, the term 'Medicine' today refers to the fields of clinical medicine, medical research and surgery, thereby covering the challenges of disease and injury."
- A control group is needed to evaluate physicians.
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- R. A. Bailey (2008). Design of comparative experiments. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-68357-9. http://www.cambridge.org/uk/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9780521683579.
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