No, children don't become infested with fleas the way a family pet can — fleas prefer to live in a pet's cozy fur. But fleas can bite people.
In general, adult fleas stay on the body of their animal host, where they feed and lay eggs. The smooth eggs easily fall from the animal's fur and wind up in the carpeting, upholstered furniture, and bedding, where they hatch.
Because fleas are great jumpers, the next generation of critters can find their way to your pet's fur. Before they make it to your dog or cat, though, the fleas may bite you or your child, which can lead to itching and a rash. Flea bites most often show up around the waist, ankles, armpits, and insides of the elbows and backs of the knees, usually as a cluster of small bumps.
If you have a pet, be vigilant about keeping him pest-free, for his sake as well as your family's. (Fleas can be dangerous to an animal.) Talk with your veterinarian about safe measures for preventing and treating fleas.
There are some very effective topical treatments now available. Some contain ingredients that can be harmful to humans and even pets, so be sure to discuss any potential dangers with your veterinarian, wash your hands after applying the treatment to your pet, and keep your child away from your pet until the flea treatment is absorbed and dry.