After an assessment, specific goals and objectives to be addressed through music therapy are outlined. These goals and objectives are worked towards through client participation in various combinations of singing, listening, moving, playing, creating. Some possible goals addressed through each activity are outlined below:
Singing:may be used to facilitate self-expression, aid in the learning of new concepts, improve speech and language skills, improve breath control, increase appropriate social skills, and increase self-esteem.
Listening:.may be used to increase attention span, improve memory skills, alter behaviour and mood states, provide a non-verbal form of communication, increase decision making skills, and provide a means of relaxation.
Movement: is often used to facilitate non-verbal communication and self expression, provide a safe and acceptable form of tension release, develop fine and gross motor skills, develop and/or maintain muscle tone, improve balance, and improve range of motion.
Playing Instruments: may be used to enable increased self-expression, increase self-esteem, provide a socially acceptable release of tension and anger, develop fine and gross motor skills, increase muscle tone, increase appropriate social skills, and improve participation in team-work.
Creating (through composition or improvisation): is used to increase self-expression, improve self-esteem, validate feelings, encourage instrumental tasks (see above), and provide a safe method of communication.