Mathematics is called as universal language. An equation or an expression written using mathematical notation can be read and understood by anyone across the globe. Thus having and firm foundation in mathematics will benefit student to a greater extent in developing problem-solving skills, mathematical modeling and also understanding allied subjects.
West Bengal board class 12 mathematics syllabus is prescribed by the West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education, commonly called as WBCHSE. The board was formed during the year 1975 and focuses on establishing quality higher secondary education in the state of West Bengal.
WBCHSE Class 12 Mathematics Syllabus enfolds diverse topics from Algebra, coordinate geometry, differential calculus, integral calculus, differential equations, application of calculus. The prime concepts studied here includes – Probability, principle mathematical induction, Binomial theorem for a positive integral index, infinite series, matrices and determinants, cones, parabola, elipse, hyperbola, differential calculus, indefinite integral, integration by parts, definite integral, differential equations, Tangent and normal, maxima and minima, determination of areas in simple cases, expression for velocity and acceleration etc.
Unitwise Marks Distribution
|Unit I: Relations and Functions||08|
|Unit II: Algebra||11|
|Unit III: Calculus||36|
|Unit IV: Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry||13|
|Unit V: Linear Programming||04|
|Unit VI: Probability||08|
Students can get the detailed syllabus of WBCHSE Class 12 Mathematics provided in the table below:
UNIT-I : RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS
- Relations and Functions:
Types of relations : reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence relations. One to one and
onto functions, composite functions, inverse of a function. Binary operations.
- Inverse Trigonometric Functions:
Definition, range, domain, principal value branches. Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions.
Elementary properties of inverse trigonometric functions.
UNIT-II : ALGEBRA
Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero matrix, transpose of a matrix, symmetric and skew symmetric matrices. Addition, multiplication and scalar multiplication of matrices, simple properties of addition, multiplication and scalar multiplication. Non-commutativity of multiplication of matrices and existence of non-zero matrices whose product is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2). Concept of elementary row and column operations. Invertible matrices and proof of the uniqueness of inverse, if it exists; (Here all matrices will have real entries).
Determinant of a square matrix (up to 3 x 3 matrices), properties of determinants, minors, cofactors and applications of determinants in finding the area of a triangle. Adjoint and inverse of a square matrix. Consistency, inconsistency and number of solutions of system of linear equations by examples, solving system of linear equations in two or three variables (having unique solution) using inverse of a matrix. Cramer’s Rule and its applications.
UNIT-III : CALCULUS
- Continuity and Differentiability:
Continuity and differentialiabity, derivative of composite functions, chain rule, derivates of inverse trigonometric functions, derivate of implicit functions, concept of exponential and logarithmic functions to the base e. Logarithmic functions as inverse of exponential functions.Derivatives of logarithmic and exponential functions. Logarithmic differentiation, derivative of functions expressed in parametric forms. Second order derivatives. Rolle’s and Lagranges’s Mean value theorems (without proof) and their geometric interpretation and simple applications.
- Applications of Derivatives:
Applications of derivatives: rate of change, increasing/decreasing functions, tangents and normals, approximation, maxima and minima (first derivative test motivated geometrically and second derivative test given as a provable tool). Simple problems (that illustrate basic principles and understanding of the subject as well as real-life situations),
Integration as inverse process of differentiation. Integration of a variety of functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, only simple integrals of the type to be evaluated.Definite integrals as a limit of a sum. Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (without proof). Basic properties of definite integrals and evaluation of definite integrals.
- Applications of the Integrals:
Applications in finding the area under simple curves, especially lines, areas of circles/parabolas/ ellipses (in standard form only), Area under the curve y=sin x, y=cos x, area between the two above said curves (the region should be clearly identifiable)
- Differential Equations:
Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of a differential equation. Formation of differential equation whose general solution is given. Solution of differential equations by method of separation of variables, homogeneous, differential equations of first order and first degree.
UNIT-IV : VECTORS AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY
Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a vector. Direction cosines/ratios of vectors. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel and collinear vectors), Position vector of a point, negative of a vector, components of a vector, addition of vectors, multiplication of a vector by a Scalar, position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio. Scalar (dot) product of vectors, projection of a vector on a line. Vector (cross) product of vectors. Scalor triple product.
- Three – dimensional Geometry:
Direction cosines/ratios of a line joining two points. Cartesian and vector equation of a line, coplanar and skew lines, shortest distance between two lines. Cartesian and vector equation of a plane. Angle between (i) two lines (ii) two planes (iii) a line and a plane. Distance of a point from a plane.
UNIT-V : LINEAR PROGRAMMING
- Linear Programming:
Introduction, definition of related terminology such as constraints, objective function, optimization, different types of linear programming (L.P.) problems, mathematical formulation of L.P. problems, graphical method of solution for problems in two variables, feasible and infeasible regions, feasible and infeasible solutions, optimal feasible solutions (up to three non-trivial constraints).
UNIT-VI : PROBABILITY
Multiplication theorem on probability Conditional probability, independent events, total probability, Baye’s theorem, Random variable and its probability distribution mean and variance of random variable. Repeated independent (Bernoulli) trials and Binomial distribution.
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