Sample Parenthetical References in MLA Style
Leave 1″ (2.5 cm) margin on all four sides of the 8 1/2″ x 11″ white paper. Title should be centered. Page number should appear at the right hand corner 1/2″ (1.25 cm) from the top. The entire essay should be typed double-spaced with each new paragraph indented 1/2″ (1.25 cm) or 5 spaces from the left margin. If your teacher prefers that you do not indent your paragraphs, start new paragraphs flush to the left margin, double-space all lines in the paragraph, and quadruple-space between paragraphs.
Mr. K. Smith
16 January 2006
The Many Facets of Taboo
The World Book Encyclopedia defines Taboo as “an action, object, person, or place forbidden by law or culture” (Dundes).
As pointed out in the Occultopedia, another spelling for taboo is “tabu” a Polynesian word meaning something which is banned. The Occultopedia also points out that taboo is found among many other cultures including the ancient Egyptians, Jews and others (“Taboo”).
Mary Douglas has analyzed the many facets and interpretations of taboos across various cultures. In her view, taboos could be considered a kind of “brain-washing” (2549) as they are transmitted to individuals along with an entire cultural system made up of a pattern of values and norms.
In reference to Freak Shows at circuses, an interesting observation is made that people who possess uncommon features and who willingly go out in public to display such oddities to onlookers are acting as “modern-day taboo breakers” by crossing the “final boundary between societal acceptance and ostracism.” (Rothenberg).
In traditional British East Africa, between the time of puberty and marriage, a young Akamba girl must maintain an avoidance relationship with her own father (Freud 17).
Looking at taboo in a modern society, Marvin Harris gives an interesting example of the application of cultural materialism to the Hindu
In your Bibliography, Works Cited, or References page, you must include all of the above parenthetical citations. See sample below.
Douglas, Mary. “Taboo.”Man, Myth & Magic. Ed. Richard Cavendish. New ed. 21 vols. New York: Cavendish, 1994. 2546-2549.
Dundes, Alan. “Taboo.”The World Book Encyclopedia. 2000 ed.
Freud, Sigmund. Totem and Taboo. New York: Random, 1918.
McGrath, Stacy. “Ecological Anthropology.” Anthropological Theories: A Guide
Prepared by Students for Students. 19 Oct. 2001. U. of Alabama. 18 Jan. 2005
Rothenberg, Kelly. “Tattooed People as Taboo Figures in Modern Society.”
1996. BME/Psyber City. 18 Jan. 2005 <http://www.bme.freeq.com/tattoo/ tattab.html>.
“Taboo.” Occultopedia: Encyclopedia of Occult Sciences and Knowledge.
Site created and designed by Marcus V. Gay. 18 Jan. 2005 <http://www.occultopedia.com/t/taboo.htm>.
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