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Hereditary Hemochromatosis & Genetics
What is hereditary hemochromatosis?
Hemochromatosis is a condition in which the body absorbs too much iron. Iron is essential for red blood cells to be able to carry oxygen throughout the body. However, the levels of iron in the body must be kept in balance, because too much iron can be harmful. As iron builds up in the body over time, it may lead to a condition called iron overload. This can cause damage to the joints and certain organs, including the liver, skin, heart, and pancreas.
Hemochromatosis can be caused by genetics, also known as hereditary hemochromatosis, or can be acquired over a person's lifetime due to non-genetic factors, such as blood transfusions or overuse of iron supplements.
Is hereditary hemochromatosis genetic?
Yes. Hereditary hemochromatosis is a genetic condition. Most cases of hereditary hemochromatosis are due to variants in the HFE gene, although variants in other genes have also been found.
Hereditary hemochromatosis affects many people
Hereditary hemochromatosis is one of the most common genetic diseases in the U.S. It is estimated that about 1 million people in the U.S. are affected by hereditary hemochromatosis.
Early detection is important
Diagnosing and treating hemochromatosis early can help people maintain a normal life expectancy. Consult with a healthcare professional before making any major lifestyle changes.
Want to learn more? You can find out whether you may have an increased risk of developing iron overload based on your genetics through the 23andMe Hereditary Hemochromatosis (HFE-Related) Genetic Health Risk report*. This report looks for the two most common genetic variants, both in the HFE gene, that are linked to hereditary hemochromatosis. You can get this report and more in the 23andMe Health + Ancestry Service.