Among the two main application modes of photovoltaic power generation, distributed photovoltaic power generation has developed rapidly in recent years. Distributed photovoltaic power has more practical significance especially for countries such as my country with a vast area, different economic development levels, and uneven resource distribution. Western my country is rich in hydropower and coal resources, but the development of industry and commerce is lagging behind, and the demand for electricity is low. Whether it is to build a power plant to transmit the generated power at high voltage or directly transmit resources, it will bring huge power loss or transportation costs.
In the central and eastern regions where industry, commerce and social economy are more developed, the shortage of power resources caused by resource shortages directly leads to high electricity prices. Because of the existence of day and night peaks and valleys, the electricity prices during the daytime peak periods are more expensive. For industrial and commercial users who consume more electricity, high electricity prices further increase operating costs.
Distributed photovoltaics are close to the power load center and directly connected to the distribution network system. This makes the power generation of distributed photovoltaics do not need to pass through long-distance, multi-level grids, and cross-regional transmission. Photovoltaic power generation is lost during transportation and is an efficient form of photovoltaic power utilization.
Among the many distributed power generation application modes, the industrial and commercial rooftop distributed power station is the most potential form. According to data from the National Bureau of Statistics, from January to May of 2018, the national industrial electricity accounted for more than 67% of the total electricity consumption, and the national industrial building area exceeded 6 billion square meters. If these building roofs are used to install photovoltaic power generation, it can be The installation of photovoltaic products of more than 900GW can generate about 1,080 billion kWh of clean electricity each year, and the total social electricity consumption in 2019 is about 7,222.5 billion kWh. In other words, if the roof area of industrial buildings across the country can be used for photovoltaic power generation, the annual electricity generated can meet more than one-seventh of the electricity consumption of the whole society, and its potential is evident.
At the same time, driven by the rapid decline in the cost of photovoltaic power generation, most areas in the country are sufficient to achieve the goal of "a dime per kilowatt-hour of electricity", which also brings huge economic advantages to distributed photovoltaic power generation. This can effectively save electricity costs for business owners who have large areas of vacant industrial and commercial roofs. While satisfying its own electricity consumption, the “spontaneous self-use and surplus electricity grid-connected” model of industrial and commercial distributed power stations also gives photovoltaic roofs greater economic value and greatly shortens the cost recovery cycle.
In addition, the use of clean photovoltaic power production can effectively reduce corporate carbon emissions, which can not only meet increasingly stringent emission reduction targets, but for Chinese companies that are increasingly internationalized, lower carbon emissions are important for applying for overseas market access. Qualifications and related certifications are of great help.
It is also under the combined effect of these factors that distributed photovoltaic power generation has developed rapidly in China in recent years. The use of vacant industrial and commercial roofs to build distributed photovoltaic power plants has become the unanimous choice of more and more business owners. The traditional industrial and commercial distributed photovoltaic power station construction is mainly based on the installation of photovoltaic module products on the roof of the building. In recent years, as countries around the world have strongly supported green buildings and the continuous progress of photovoltaic technology, integrated building photovoltaic (BIPV) products that combine distributed photovoltaic power generation with building materials have begun to appear.
BIPV products are building materials with photovoltaic power generation capabilities. Compared with traditional roof photovoltaic systems, BIPV products can not only meet the functional requirements of photovoltaic power generation, but also take into account the functional requirements of buildings. It is a combination of photovoltaic products and building materials and can be substituted Some traditional building materials are integrated in the design stage of the building and are integrated with the main building during construction. These new features have also caused BIPV to attract more and more attention from the market, and various BIPV products have also sprung up and become the "new generation" of the photovoltaic product family.