Any vestige that sends in them to the past, thus, leaguing ampler process to it of understanding of the societies human beings, situated in the seio of its cultural and productive relations, becomes a valuable instrument in the skillful hands of the historian. Almost always this if finds in a rear position before civilizations and cultures with which it does not have the lesser proximity in the time. The comment of archaeological remaining portions, however, can make possible to the historian a type of direct analysis without the recurrence to any type of intermediate (even so many times have the necessity of reports of strangers in its laboratory). As example, the author in them indicates the case of the skeletons of children found in vases put in the Syria walls of some cidadelas. It is evident that one is about vestiges of human sacrifices, related to the proper process of construction of that place. ' was exactly this; ' reasoning singelssimo that, for exclusion of any another possibility of explanation, allows in them to pass of objecto really observed to the fact of that this objecto is prova' '. In this direction, the knowledge that we have of the imolaes you wall of the Syria nothing has of indirect.
But all historical operation, no matter how hard if it uses of multiple sources, passes inexorably for the intellectual judgments of the historian. The author suggests the existence of two basic types of historical certifications: the volunteers, destined to the information of the reader, and all those related to a category that fits the witnesses whom they did not intend to be it (material of registrations, papyruses, currencies, papal briefs papas). Without the recurrence to this last category of certifications, entire periods of the past they would remain as open gaps. It would be an mistake to imagine, however, that a document alone informs in them what express it clarified on definitive aspect of a time.