February 28, 2007
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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999
FROM VOLUME 2, NUMBER 1, JANUARY 1989
SPECIAL SECTION--POLAR OZONE
"Overview of the Polar Ozone Issue," S. Solomon (NOAA, Boulder
CO 80303), M.R. Schoeberl, Geophys. Res. Lett., 15(8), 845-846,
Special Antarctic expeditions in 1986 and 1987 have shown conclusively that
chlorine chemistry is the primary cause of the ozone hole. Further questions
regarding detailed mechanisms, processes, and implications are addressed in this
special issue. In 1989, additional results from the 1987 Airborne Antarctic
Ozone Experiment (AAOE) will be published in a special issue of this journal.
This issue contains the results of laboratory studies that confirm and
quantify the importance of the nitric acid trihydrate in forming polar
stratospheric clouds, and other studies that demonstrate the extreme rapidity of
heterogeneous chemical reactions involving both chlorine and nitrogen species on
ice surfaces. In the view of the authors, editors of this section, one of the
most significant papers contains the results of laboratory studies suggesting
these surface reactions are not limited to ice clouds, but can also take place
on liquid sulfuric acid aerosols present at lower latitudes.
Several papers describe the seasonal nature of the ozone depletion and the
vertical structure of those changes as observed both by balloon-borne and
satellite instruments. Both techniques reveal strongly localized depletion near
the 10-24 km level, and show that ozone abundances at some levels suffer
decreases of more than 90%.
Other studies confirm the possibility that ozone depletion might produce
substantial decreases in temperature. Radiative transfer studies show that such
coupling has profound implications for the depth and extent of the ozone hole.
Other temperature variations appear to be correlated with the equatorial
quasi-biennial oscillation and changes in solar activity.
Several papers include the effects of polar stratospheric clouds on
photochemistry, and subsequent ozone depletion is modeled explicitly. The role
of subpolar upper tropospheric weather systems in determining the climatology of
the lower stratosphere is also studied. Finally, observations of low NO2
concentrations in north polar regions may well be linked to ozone depletion, as
this was observed in the Antarctic.
"Heterogeneous Interactions of Chlorine Nitrate, Hydrogen Chloride, and
Nitric Acid with Sulfuric Acid Surfaces at Stratospheric Temperatures,"
M.A. Tolbert, M.J. Rossi, D.M. Golden, 847-850.
"Heterogeneous Reactions of N2O5 with H2O and HCl on Ice Surfaces:
Implications for Antarctic Ozone Depletion," M.-T. Leu, 851-854.
"Laboratory Studies of the Nitric Acid Trihydrate: Implications for the
South Polar Stratosphere," D. Hanson, K. Mauersberger, 855-858.
"Balloon Borne Antarctic Frost Point Measurements and Their Impact on
Polar Stratospheric Cloud Theories," J.M. Rosen, D.J. Hofmann et al.,
"Dehydration Mechanism in the Antarctic Stratosphere During Winter,"
V. Ramaswamy, 863-866.
"Lidar Observations of Arctic Polar Stratospheric Clouds, 1988:
Signature of Small, Solid Particles Above the Frost Point," L.R. Poole,
M.T. Osborn, W.H. Hunt, 867-870.
"Influences of Polar Stratospheric Clouds on the Depletion of Antarctic
Ozone," R.J. Salawitch, S.C. Wofsy, M.B. McElroy, 871-874.
"Two-Dimensional Modelling of the Antarctic Lower Stratosphere,"
M.P. Chipperfield, J.A. Pyle, 875-878.
"Polar Atmospheric Circulation and Chemistry of Recent (1957-1983)
South Polar Precipitation," M. Legrand, S. Kirchner, 879-882.
"Thermochemical Stabilities and Vibrational Spectra of Isomers of the
Chlorine Oxide Dimer," M.P. McGrath, K.C. Clemitshaw et al., 883-886.
"Kinetics and Product Studies of the BrO + ClO Reaction: Implications
for Antarctic Chemistry," S.P. Sander, R.R. Friedl, 887-890.
"O3 and NO2 Ground-Based Measurements by Visible Spectrometry During
Arctic Winter and Spring 1988," J.P. Pommereau, F. Goutail, 891-894.
"Stratospheric O3 and NO2 Observations at the Southern Polar Circle in
Summer and Fall 1988," J.P. Pommereau, F. Goutail, 895-897.
"Stratospheric NO2 Column Measurements from Three Antarctic Sites,"
J.G. Keys, P.V. Johnston, 898-900.
"Comparative Morphology of the Vertical Ozone Profile in the Antarctic
Spring," B.G. Gardiner, 901-904.
"Total Ozone by Lunar Dobson Observation at Syowa, Antarctica," S.
Chubachi, R. Kajiwara, 905-906.
"Antarctic Measurements of Ozone by SAGE II in the Spring of 1985,
1986, and 1987," M.P. McCormick, J.C. Larsen, 907-910.
"The Anomalous Circulation in the Southern Hemisphere Stratosphere
During Spring 1987," W.J. Randel, 911-914.
"Relation of Antarctic 100 mb Temperature and Total Ozone to Equatorial
QBO, Equatorial SST, and Sunspot Number, 1958-87," J.K. Angell, 915-918.
"Radiative Aspects of the Antarctic Ozone Hole in 1985," H.
Akiyoshi, M. Fujiwara, M. Uryu, 919-922.
"The Morphology and Meteorology of Southern Hemisphere Spring Total
Ozone Mini-holes," P.A. Newman, L.R. Lait, M.R. Schoeberl, 923-926.
"500 mb Winter Variability over the Antarctic (Palmer) Peninsula,"
J. Nogues-Paegle, S.C. Stucki, 927-930.
Guide to Publishers
Index of Abbreviations