The wartime expansion of government in Britain created both alarm at the growing cost of administration and a consciousness of the defects of the administrative machine. The civil-service associations and alliances were emphatically fighting organisations. Pay was the first issue driving organisation in both Britain and Ireland. The Whitley Committee was the Irish expression of a British original. The General Committee of Irish Civil Servants (GCICS) executive committee succeeded to a large degree in influencing and shaping the clauses on the civil service. Alexander Percival Waterfield established himself in Dublin Castle as Treasury (Ireland). The problem in Castle government was its nepotism and the uncritical identification of the State in Ireland with unionist opinion. The Irish civil service also suffered from the assumption that the Whitehall system was administrative perfection and that the Irish system, with its autonomous boards and lack of clear political control, was deficient.