Operating Systems – Microsoft Windows,MS-Dos,Ubuntu,Android,MacOS,Unix
Definition Of Operating system
The operating system is the software that coordinates and directs all the services and applications that the user uses , so it is the most important and fundamental in a computer. These are programs that allow and regulate the most basic aspects of the system.The most used operating systems are Windows, Linux, Mac and DOS.
Operating systems, also called cores or kernels , typically run in a privileged position compared to the rest of the software , without allowing a program to make changes to any important about it that may cause undesired operation. The operating system is the basic operating protocol of the computer, which coordinates all its other functions: communications, processing, user interface, etc.
The operating systems consist of graphical interfaces, desktop environments or window managers , which provide the user with a graphical representation of the ongoing processes. It can also be a command line, that is, a set of instructions ordered based on their priority and that works based on commands and commands entered by the user.
The first versions of the computers did not have operating systems. In the sixties computers used batch processing. It was during these years that operating systems began to develop. Although some well-known had already begun to emerge from the 80s, it was from the 90s when these programs began to be more flexible and strong. One of the big milestones was the launch of Windows 95 .Operating systems allow other programs to use it for support in order to function . That is why, from the system used, certain programs and others may not be installed.
As stated, operating systems are an essential part of the operation of computer systems. They are the central piece of software in the process chain , since they establish the minimum conditions for everything to work: the administration of resources, the method of communication with the user and with other systems, additional applications, etc.
Components of an operating system
File System: It is the record of files , where they acquire a tree structure.
Command Interpretation Secondly, there are those components that allow the interpretation of the commands. These have the function of communicating the orders given by the user in a language that the hardware can interpret, without the one who orders the commands knowing that language.
Command Interpretation : Secondly, there are those components that allow the interpretation of the commands. These have the function of communicating the orders given by the user in a language that the hardware can interpret, without the one who orders the commands knowing that language.
Core : The last component to mention is the core. It allows operation on basic issues such as communication, data entry and exit, process management and memory among others.
Functions of an operating system
- Manage random access memory and run applications, designating the necessary resources.
- Manage the CPU
- Directs input and output of data by means of peripheral input or output .
- Manage the information for the proper functioning of the PC.
- It is responsible for directing user authorizations for users.
- Manage the files
Types Of Operating Systems
Microsoft Windows : Of the most popular that exist, initially it was a set of distributions or graphic operating environments, whose role was to provide other older operating systems such as MS-DOS , a visual representation of support and other software tools. It was first published in 1985 and has since been updated to new versions.
MS-DOS :This is the MicroSoft Disk Operating System (MicroSoft Disk Operating System ), it was the most common operating systems for IBM personal computers during the 1980s and mid 90s. It had a series of internal commands and external, displayed on a dark screen sequentially.
UNIX :This operating system was developed early in 1969, to be portable, multitasking and multi-user. It is really a whole family of similar OS, some of whose distributions have been offered commercially and others in free format, always from the kernel called Linux.
MacOS : This is the name of the operating system of Apple Macintosh computers, and is also known as OSX or Mac OSX. Based on Unix and developed and sold on Apple computers since 2002, it is the most staunch competition of the popular Windows .
Ubuntu : This operating system is free and open source, that is, that everyone could modify it without violating any copyright. It takes its name from a certain ancestral South African philosophy , focused on man’s loyalty to his own species above all. Based on GNU / Linux,
Ubuntu is geared towards ease of use and total freedom , and the British company that distributes it, Canonical, continues to provide technical service.
Android : This operating system based on the Linux kernel, operates on cell phones and tablets and other devices equipped with a touch screen. It was developed by Android Inc. and later purchased by Google , thanks to which it is so popular that sales of Android computer systems exceed those of IOS (for Macintosh cell phones) and Windows Phone (for MicroSoft cell phones ).