Coastal eddies can be an important source of transporting nutrients from deep to surface waters, where they stimulate ocean plant growth. They can also transport pollutants from land and recirculate them for days, with both positive and negative consequences for marine life. Yet, while they are common in the global coastal seas, surprisingly little is known about them, due to their small size and transient nature, which have made it very difficult for ships to locate and measure their properties.
Scientists from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., and the Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., will use the JPL-designed and built Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar, or AirSar, instrument to study an area known as the Southern California Bight, between Point Conception and San Diego. During daily flights, AirSar will capture eddy image sequences in rapid succession, enabling researchers to measure motions caused by the currents.
A key focus of the research will be spiral-shaped slicks, or glassy water, on the ocean surface that may result from small eddies, which are generally between 4.8 to 9.7 kilometers (3 to 6 miles) in diameter. Theories predict these spirals take several days to evolve.
"We can study the currents as they wind-up the ocean slicks into spiral patterns, and we can study the types of currents that either create or do not create eddies," said Dr. George Marmorino, coastal eddies lead scientist for the Naval Research Laboratory.
The DC-8, based at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, Calif., is vital to this project because it can be precisely positioned where needed over consecutive days. Once a clear ocean eddy is detected from the DC-8, its position will be relayed to oceanographers on the Sea World UCLA, a research vessel that can measure the deeper currents and density structure associated with the eddy. Additional satellite imagery will also help to identify eddy locations. Scientists hope the unique combination of AirSar flights, ship measurements and satellite ocean sensors will enable them to better understand the characteristics of these small but important coastal features.
Collaborators in the study include the University of California, Los Angeles, departments of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Atmospheric Sciences; and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.
Additional information about ocean coastal eddies can be found at: http://airsea-www.jpl.nasa.gov/cos/california/california.html .
For more information about AirSar, see: http://airsar.jpl.nasa.gov.
For more information about NASA's DC-8, see: http://www.dfrc.nasa.gov/Research.
The California Institute of Technology in Pasadena manages JPL for NASA.
Media ContactJPL/Alan Buis (818) 354-0474
NASA Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, Calif.
Frederick A. Johnsen (661) 276-2998