The city was ruled by the British in 1817 as a free-market site and was incorporated as a municipality in 1867. A road and rail junction, it is a major centre for trade with Rajasthan state to the west and south. Industries include cotton milling, ginning, and pressing and light manufacturing. Several colleges and one technological institute are affiliated with Maharshi Dayanand University in Rohtak. The Technological Institute of Textile and Sciences in Bhiwani is well known in the region. The surrounding region includes outlying hills of the Aravalli Range. Products include grain, cotton, sugarcane, and oilseed, but agriculture has been hindered by poor water resources. Pop. (2001) 169,531; (2011) 196,057.
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