11th Asian Maize Conference Nanning, 2011Dr. Thomas Lumpkin - CIMMYT Director General“MAIZE CRP and Relevance for Asia”
Outline of Presentation CIMMYT BackgroundChallenges for Food Security CIMMYT’s Response
CIMMYT Mission StatementTo sustainably increase the productivity of maize and wheat systems to ensure global food security and reduce poverty.
CIMMYT Locations 160 researchers from 40 countries in 19 offices worldwide.Partners include universities, private companies, advanced research institutes, NGOs and farmer associations. $100+ million budget.
Climate Change heat, drought, extreme events Water Nutrients & Soils groundwater fertilizer costsurface water depleted soils Energy Biodiversity petroleum extinction biofuels emerging pests Demand population growth, changing diets
Bangladesh, Cambodia, and the Philippines included in list of top 10 countries most vulnerable to climate change. (Maplecroft, 2012)
Pakistan Flooding 1.3 million hectares of crops destroyed Worst flood in 80 years (2010) Repeated flooding in 2011“Pakistan’s agricultural industry – a pillar of the economy – could take up to two years to start recovering” Asian Development Bank.
Projected Temperature Increases Up to 23% of South Asia’s maize crop could will be lost due to higher temperatures by 2050.Krechowicz, et. al., “Weeding Risk: Financial Impacts of Climate Change and Water Scarcity onAsia’ Food and Beverage Sector”, World Resources Institute, 2010.
DemandTable 1: Projected Trends in Total Maize Demand in Asian Regions.IMPACT model projections under the Global Futures Project with IFPRI. Asia East Asia South Asia Southeast Asia West Asia North Asia Year Base (thousand tonnes) 2000 198,642 144,612 16,164 24,222 10,774 2,870 2010 268,447 197,851 22,519 31,795 12,962 3,320 2020 331,463 239,682 31,344 40,139 16,727 3,570 2030 385,552 271,206 42,569 47,406 20,684 3,686 2040 443,874 302,112 57,952 55,732 24,358 3,720 2050 509,170 334,402 78,707 64,461 27,918 3,683
Changing DietsHalf of the world’s pork is eaten in China. Chicken and beef are becoming important.
Dependence on Maize ImportsIndonesia imported 1.6 million tons in 2010. This year, Indonesia will import an estimated 3.2 million tons.At 16 million tons, Japan is the world’s largest importer of maize.China became a new importer of maize last year for the first time in 14 years. By 2015, China is expected to import 15 million metric tons of maize from the US alone.
Percentage of Annual IncomeUsed to Purchase Food + Malnutrition Rates
CIMMYT’s Response to the Challenges and Opportunities Facing Maize
Ten Point Action Agenda for MAIZE “Strategic Initiatives”1. Socioeconomics and policies for maize futures2. Sustainable intensification and income opportunities for the poor3. Smallholder precision agriculture4. Stress tolerant maize for the poorest5. Towards doubling maize productivity6. Integrated postharvest management7. Nutritious maize (with CRP4)8. Seeds of Discovery – tackling the black box of genetic diversity9. New tools and methods for NARS and SMEs1-9. Strengthening local capacities
Expected Impact Increased productivity of target populations by 7% in 2020 and 33% by 2030. An added annual value of $2.0 billion by 2020 and $8.8 billion in 2030. Reach 40 million smallholder farm family members by 2020 and 175 million by 2030. Provide enough maize to meet the annual food demand of an additional – 135 million consumers in 2020 – 600 million by 2030.
Our Partners SAGARPA - Mexico KARI - Kenya, Syngenta Foundation Syngenta Foundation for Sustainable Agriculture 130 national agricultural research institutes 18 regional and international organizations 21 advanced agricultural research institutes 75 universities
Another xample: BISA Borlaug Institute for South Asia General Objective: Develop state- of-the art research facilities to support maize and wheat research and development and capacity building. Train partners in cutting-edge biotechnology and bioinformatics tools. Train agronomists in conservation and precision agriculture. Develop wheat varieties which increase yields up to 50%. Initiate a Second Green Revolution.