As you exercise harder and harder, you reach a point where your muscle cells use more oxygen than your bloodstream can provide. At this point, ______.
your muscles are working anaerobically, you are past your aerobic capacity , your muscle cells start producing lactic acid
Plant cells, unlike animal cells, are characterized by the presence of a
cell wall and central vacuole
None of the statements are true
During cellular respiration, electrons move through a series of electron carrier molecules. Which of the following is a true statement about this process
Which of the following statements is completely true
is the loss of electrons; reduction is the gain of electrons
most similar to the mechanism of an enzyme inhibitor
keeping someone from parking by parking in their designated spot
A balloon permeable to water but not to glucose contains a 10% glucose solution. A beaker contains a 5% glucose solution. Which of the following is true?
The solution in the balloon is hypertonic relative to the solution in the beaker.
When two solutions that differ in solute concentration are placed on either side of a selectively permeable membrane, and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will ______.
exhibit a net movement to the side with lower water concentration
A cell that neither gains nor loses water when it is immersed in a solution is ______.
isotonic to its environment
Some protozoans have special organelles called contractile vacuoles that continually eliminate excess water from the cell. The presence of these organelles tells you that the environment ______.
is hypotonic to the protozoan
You are adrift in the Atlantic Ocean and, being thirsty, drink the surrounding seawater. As a result, ______.
you dehydrate yourself
If placed in tap water, an animal cell will undergo lysis, whereas a plant cell will not. What accounts for this difference?
the relative inelasticity and strength of the plant cell wall
Which processes could result in the net movement of a substance into a cell, if the substance is more concentrated in the cell than in the surroundings?
uses ATP as an energy source, can move solutes against their concentration gradient, requires the cell to expend energy, can involve the transport of ions
Certain cells that line the stomach synthesize a digestive enzyme and secrete it into the stomach. This enzyme is a protein. Which of the following processes could be responsible for its secretion?
Examine the following figure. Imagine that cell signaling using a signal transduction pathway is like a person answering the door after hearing the doorbell ring. Which step in this figure is like the button for the doorbell?
the receptor protein (reception)
Relaying a message from a membrane receptor to a molecule that performs a specific function within a cell
most like a signal transduction pathway in a cell
person answering the door to their home after someone rings the doorbell
If a person eats one hard-boiled egg and digests the egg fully, cellular respiration will convert most of this energy into ______.
The amount of dietary Calories in one hard-boiled egg could raise the temperature of ______.
1,000 grams of water by 75 degrees Celsius
Molecules that come from the food we eat provide energy for the amazing work that goes on inside of our cells. This energy, stored inside of our food, is a form of ______.
potential energy called chemical energy
When mixed with water, phospholipids spontaneously form membranes because they ______.
have hydrophilic phosphate groups that are attracted to water and hydrophobic fatty acid tails that avoid water
The concept of a membrane as a fluid mosaic reflects the ability of ______.
phospholipids and proteins to drift about in the plane of the membrane
protect and support cells and facilitate interactions between adjacent cells
extracellular coats of cells
Many antibiotic drugs are effective against bacteria without hurting humans because the antibiotics rely upon differences in the structure of human and bacterial ______.
A hormone destined for secretion from the cell would be manufactured by ribosomes _____
attached to the endoplasmic reticulum
Based on its function in detoxifying drugs, you would expect to find a large amount of smooth ER in ______ cells.
lipid synthesis, steroid synthesis, and drug detoxification
Functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
As a ______ is to a cell, a(n) ______ is to a multicellular organism
lysosome . . . digestive system