As the solvent moves up the paper, it carries along any substances dissolved in it, which are the pigments. The heavier the pigments the slower they move and they do not travel as far. Going in order from the heaviest to the lightest: Chlorophyll b, Chlorophyll a, Xanthophylls, and Carotene, which means that the lighter the pigment the better the substance is in dissolving in solvents. Photosynthesis
The stronger the bond, the higher boiling and melting points will be. This is because it takes a greater amount of kinetic energy to break apart the molecules, allowing them to boil off. The strongest of these is called the hydrogen-bond. These types of bonds have a high electronegativity, making them very stable and more difficult to break. Therefore, the boiling points and melting points are greater because more energy (through heat) is needed to break the bonds.
6. Why does CO2 have a much lower boiling point than NO2? CO2 is a linear molecule, and is not polar, and therefore experiences only dispersion forces with other CO2 molecules. NO2 is bent and polar, and therefore interacts with other NO2 molecules via a relatively strong dipole-dipole force. This means that it will require more thermal energy to break free from these intermolecular forces, i.e.
Method Information for this analysis was gathered from Curtin library resources including scholarly journals and government reports. Websites were also investigated although their credibility was cross- checked with a tutor. Body Point 1 Biobutanol being used as a fuel is excellent as a future prospect, as it has high potential to become one of the most economically efficient fuels. Biobutanol will eventually become cheaper than gasoline as additional research is conducted to unearth more efficient ways in utilising biobutanol rather than gasoline. Through an economical aspect, using biobutanol would prove to be cheaper than gasoline as it has a higher energy content, lower water absorption and better blending ability and
This is provable by the reaction that occurred with the two gases hydrogen and oxygen. Oxygen is found in the air, and the hydrogen was trapped by placing a test tube over the reacting test tube. When the mixture of the two gases was heated with the flaming wood splint, a reaction producing H2O occurred, and in the process released heat and light. Part C Was one of the products of this reaction a precipitate? How could you tell?
Zinc Chloride acts as the catalyst in the reaction. In some condition, heat supply is needed in the reaction. Alkyl halide can be prepared from alcohol by reacting them with a hydrogen halide, HX (X=Cl,Br, or I). The mechanism of acid catalyzed substitution of alcohols are termed SN1 and SN2, where “S” stands for substitution while sub-“N” stands for nucleophilic, and the number “1” and “2” is described as first order and second order respectively. The “1” or “2” is also represent the reaction is unimolecular or bimolecular reaction.
Both mole of HCL(the 2 moles of HCL and the 1 mole of HCL) have less energy , and thus when the 3 moles of HCL reacts with Mg, there is even more energy between the Mg and the HCL particles, so hence the rate of the reaction will be faster. Sources of Error: What could have been done is more trials to make sure
This method is used because it has two certain advantages, according to Nerdz-Stormes. First, the percentage of quantity of the yield is much higher with this method than if it is just manually pressed. Second, it’s aimed to get a lower boiling point of the liquid by mixing the compound with water. The theory of this distillation process is mixing compounds that contain the aimed product with water to reduce the boiling point of it, so the organic compound does not decomposed by heat. The boiling point can be reduced because of the vapour pressure of it would be the sum of water’s vapour pressure and the compound’s vapour pressure.
When red and blue wavelengths are absorbed by chlorophyll they excite the electrons to a high amount causing photosynthesis to occur faster and with better results. From doing this experiment we should expect for the leaf disks in the red cellophane syringes to rise to surface in a short amount of time, we should expect the same from the blue cellophane syringes (Gray 2013). Hypothesis: Because chlorophyll reflects green wavelengths, it is predicted that the green wavelengths will not be absorbed. Therefore, green will have the least amount of photosynthesis. However, red and blue wavelength are absorbed better by chlorophyll and will excite electrons to high amounts, making photosynthesis occur at a faster rate.
Questions 1. Calculate the temperature change DeltaT, for each reaction by subtraction the initial temperature, T1, from the final temperature, T2 (DeltaT=T2-T1) (Reaction 1): T2=3.129 T1=23.8 (3.129-23.8=20.6) DeltaT=20.6 (Reaction 2): T2=41.0 T1=24.5 (41.0-24.5-16.5) DeltaT=16.5 2. Tell Which reaction is exothermic. Explain. The first reaction is exothermic because the final temperature is lower than the final temperature from the second reaction showing that it let out more energy to its surroundings.