Grandparents and other Relatives Raising Children: Housing Needs and Challenges (page 3)
According to the U.S. Census 2000, about six million children across the country are living in households headed by grandparents or other relatives.1 More than 2.4 million of these grandparents have the primary responsibility for meeting the basic needs of these children.2 Factors such as parental substance abuse, incarceration, HIV/AIDS, death, poverty, and even military deployments are causing growing numbers of grandparents and other relatives to step forward to keep families together. Grandparent-and other relative-headed families face multiple barriers, which include poor access to physical and mental health care as well as difficulty enrolling children in school and securing legal assistance.
Finding safe and affordable housing is also a significant challenge for these families. Many families live in small units in buildings with occupancy standards that limit the number of occupants allowed in their unit. Others live in housing designated for older adults and those with disabilities and fear that the addition of children will lead to eviction. While government subsidized elderly housing does not legally exclude children, there is a widespread belief among housing professionals that children are not allowed. Private housing landlords may also attempt to evict tenants when a family’s composition changes, despite the fact that eviction on this basis is illegal. Furthermore, in many localities, housing officials tell caregivers they are required to have legal custody of the children to qualify for housing assistance even though the law does not require it.
The National Family Caregiver Support Program (NFCSP)3 was created in 2000 as part of the Older Americans Act (OAA). Administered by the Administration on Aging (AoA) of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), the NFCSP allows for all states, working in partnership with Area Agencies on Aging (AAA) and local community-service providers, to offer five categories of support services for grandparents and other relatives aged 60 and older who are relative caregivers of children, and family caregivers of individuals aged 60 and older.4 One of the categories of supportive services provided under the NFCSP is disseminating information to caregivers about available services. This fact sheet provides information about a specific type of housing program for grandparents and other relatives raising children, as limited availability of adequate affordable housing is one of the primary difficulties these caregivers face.
GrandFamilies House in Boston, Massachusetts opened October 1998 in response to the need for affordable housing for relative caregiver families. It is the nation’s first housing program specially designed for grandparent-headed families. Two local nonprofit organizations, Boston Aging Concerns - Young & Old United, Inc. (BAC-YOU) and the Women’s Institute for Housing and Economic Development, co-developed the project. Using a mix of public and private financing, BAC-YOU obtained 100 Section 8 vouchers from the Massachusetts Department of Housing and Community Development and the Boston Housing Authority, in addition to federal HOME housing program funds. The House is comprised of 26 two, three, and four bedroom apartments that have safety features for both older adults and children, including grab bars in the bathrooms and electrical outlet covers, in addition to extensive communal program space. For tenants who have Section 8 vouchers, their rent obligation is no more than 30% of their income.
Supportive services are critical to the success of GrandFamilies House, which offers an on-site resident services coordinator, a live-in house manager, educational services, and assistance with accessing outside services. The GrandFamilies van is available to residents, providing them access to transportation for grocery-shopping, educational and recreational field trips, and other events. In addition, the YWCA-Boston offers an on-site program called Generations Learning Together (GLT). GLT features a preschool and school-age program that serves as a summer camp when schools are closed. The after-school program focuses on developing and improving math, computer, and science skills. Through this program, all residents also have access to a computer learning center, tutoring, and homework assistance. In addition, BACYOU and the YWCA offer educational workshops, intergenerational community events, holiday celebrations, and respite outings for grandparents.
GrandFamilies House is now operated by Nuestra Comunidad Development Corporation.
For additional information, contact Stephanie Chacker at (617) 436-0394.
Housing Demonstration Projects
Many organizations have contacted Generations United and BAC-YOU for information on housing for grandparents and other relative raising children. There are many groups around the country that have built, or are in the process of developing, similar housing programs including those in Phoenix, AZ; Sacramento, CA; Santa Clara, CA; New Haven, CT; Chicago, IL; Baltimore, MD; Detroit, MI; Trenton, NJ; Buffalo, NY; New York, NY; Cleveland, OH; Dayton, OH; Oklahoma City, OK; Philadelphia, PA; Nashville, TN; and Tacoma, WA. The following is a sample of some of the innovative housing projects underway for
grandparents and other relatives raising children:
- Phoenix GrandFamilies Place will consist of 110 low-cost two, three, and four bedroom apartments for grandparents of any age that qualify for federally subsidized housing with court-ordered rights to their grandchildren up to 18 years of age.
- The project will include a YMCA with day care and a community resource center; to support residents and other grandparents that have questions about guardianship related issues.
- For additional information, contact Representative Leah Landrum Taylor’s office at (602) 926-5864, or firstname.lastname@example.org
- The Chicago Department on Aging is building a 10-unit facility with a child care and senior center on the property; completion is set for 2006.
- GRANDFamilies Program of Chicago, Inc., a community based Grandparent Resource and Support Center, is assisting the City of Chicago with its grandfamilies housing project.
- The Chicago Department on Aging is purchasing single-family housing and will deed them to social service agencies to rent to kinship families with housing vouchers.
- For additional information, contact Linette Kinchen at (773) 651-8800 or email@example.com
Baton Rouge, Louisiana
- Urban Restoration Enhancement Corporation recently renovated Urban Villa Apartments (Grandparent’s House), which will serve grandparents raising grandchildren.
- The multi-family facility will house 30, two-bedroom, one-bath units, and provide comprehensive supportive services.
- For additional information, contact Ronnie Edwards at (225) 356-8871 or firstname.lastname@example.org
Reprinted with the permission of Generations United. © 2008 Generations United.
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