¡Escribe tu texto aquí!31. Define light Polarization and describe the different types of polarization that we can have.
Polarization of a light ia a process by which an unpolarized light (any light which is having its Vibration in any random direction) is changed to a polarized light (light Having waves vibrating in a particular direction). Polarization is done in Order to produce plane polarized light amd is done by reflection, refraction o Other methods.
Types of polarizaion:
- Plane polarization.
- Circular polarization
- Elliptical polarization
33- Explain the phenomenon of stimulated Emission and laser operation.
Stimulated Emission is the process by which an incoming photon of a specific frequency can Interact with an excited atomic electron (or other excited molecular state), Causing it to drop to a lower energy level. The liberated energy transfers to The electromagnetic field, creating a new photon with a phase, frequency, Polarization, and direction of travel that are all identical to the photons of The incident wave.
If it is realized with lots of electrons, a laser is created.
34.- List The different techniques to generate laser pulses. Estimates the duration of The pulses in each case.
Thermal Process: > picosecond.
Melting Process: ????= 4∗????∗????????ℎ????????????=????????????????????.
Effective Fusion: 10-6s.
CO2 laser: 1ms
36- Describe and Explain the different industrial applications of the laser.
Matter elimination Processes: cut, punch and mark. -Light matter interaction: modify the structure Of the material. -Melting: melt materials.
-Evaporation: Material vaporizes. -Ablation: exploits some of the material