Dark matter, or “decoction” as it is sometimes called, is thought to be a way that the Universe created and is maintaining the structure of the universe. This can be understood by thinking about the laws of thermodynamics. Thermodynamics is the study of why energy tends to be distributed in a material such as in an x-ray or in a rock. A law called “Conservation of energy” says that energy can neither be lost nor gained. Another example of a law of conservation of energy is the fact that matter cannot, in all states, be heated or cold, only transformed. These observations led to the thesis that “matter” consists of energy and that it is this energy which distributes through space and creates the structures we see.
Theories suggest that this distribution is due to a difference in energy density between near and far regions of the Universe. Since almost all the matter in the cosmos is in a state which can be described by a theory of General Relativity (GRS), this can be derived from observation. In a very similar way to the GRS, the energy density of dark matter must be conserved otherwise it would tend to reduce the distance and size of the Galaxy, and therefore the Universe itself. Cosmologists have also used their understanding of the distribution of mass in the early universe to predict how it should be in the present, with models which agree with observation very closely.
Astronomy has provided many clues into the nature of this “stuff”. One such clue is the relative tilt of the satellites that orbit the Earth. Any expansion of the volume of the Universe would cause the gravity to balance out, which is not the case. Another clue is the Great Rift in the Milky Way, which is supposed to be caused by a nearly circular disk of Milky Way gas.
There are some theories that suggest that this disk was once a much larger galaxy, but that it has stretched and cooled significantly to form what we now call the Milky Way. Astronomy has also provided clues into the properties of this dark matter. The Sagittarius contraction and the presence of a black hole at the center of our Galaxy, for example, indicates that the disk is made up of large amounts of gas which are spinning at very fast speeds. This implies a volume of nearly a billion solar masses, which is about twice the volume of our Sun.
The new theory proposes that dark energy alone can account for the irregularities of the cosmological constant. According to this new theory, dark energy warps space-time, and thus space can be made to flow faster, thus creating the effect of faster-than-light travel, which is necessary for the formation of atoms. The acceleration of the black hole would allow the matter to come into contact with the atomic nuclei, and this would result in the production of energy and light.
Another way to explain dark energy is the presence of “t Hoovers” in space-time. These t Hoovers are possible only if there exists a strong tug of gravity. Therefore, this new theory proposes that the observed irregular motions of celestial bodies such as the stars are caused by tugging between these as Hoovers and the gravity. This leads to the conclusion that the observed imbalance in the distribution of matter and gravity is caused by t Hoovers. This new theory, if correct, solves the problem of the cosmological constant and suggests that it may be a perturbation of the distribution of mass that results from the interaction of celestial objects with the mass of the dark energy.