1. Which of the following routing protocols are considered to use distance vector logic? Answer: A and B
2. Which of the following routing protocols are considered to use link-state logic? Answer: E and G
3. Which of the following routing protocols use a metric that is, by default, at least partially affected by link bandwidth?
4. Which of the following interior routing protocols support VLSM? Answer: B, D, E, and F
5. Which of the following situations would cause RIP to remove all the routes learned from a particular neighboring router?
Answer: B. Distance vector protocols rely on regular receipt of routing updates from their neighbors to continue believing that the routes through that neighbor are still valid.
6. Which of the following interior routing protocols are considered to be capable of converging quickly?
7. Which of the following interior routing protocols use hop count as their metric? Answer: A and B
8. What update timer is used by IGRP? Answer: E
1. Which interior IP routing protocols covered in this chapter support VLSM? Answer: RIP-2, EIGRP, OSPF, Integrated IS-IS, and BGP.
2. Which IP routing protocols covered in this chapter use distance vector logic? Answer: RIP-1, RIP-2, and IGRP.
3. Which interior IP routing protocols covered in this chapter are considered to converge quickly?
Answer: EIGRP, OSPF, and Integrated IS-IS.
4. Compare distance vector and link-state protocols in terms of what information is sent in routing updates.
Answer: Distance vector protocols send sparse information, typically describing a subnet and a metric for each route. Link-state protocols send much more detailed topology information, describing each router and each link so that every router knows a full conceptual picture of the network.
5. List three similarities between EIGRP's balanced hybrid logic and link-state logic.
Answer: Fast convergence, neighbor discovery before sending routing information, not sending of full updates on a regular period, some topology tables built in addition to the IP routing table.
6. Explain the basic concept behind why some routing protocols support VLSM and some do not.
Answer: VLSM implies that different subnet masks are used for different subnets of the same network. To advertise subnets that have different sizes, the routing protocol must include the subnet mask information for each subnet in the routing updates. Routing protocols that do not support VLSM do not include the mask in the routing updates.
7. Explain the difference between interior and exterior routing protocols.
Answer: Interior routing protocols are designed to advertise detailed routing information about each subnet, typically inside a single company or organization. Exterior routing protocols are designed to advertise information about how to reach different organizations' networks through the Internet, and they purposefully try to reduce the detailed routing information to reduce the number of routes in Internet routers' routing tables.
8. Explain the difference between full and partial routing updates.
Answer: Full routing updates include information about each subnet during each update interval. Partial updates just include changed routes, such as newly learned subnets and subnets whose routes have failed.
9. Define the term balanced hybrid in relation to the terms distance vector and link state.
Answer: Balanced hybrid is a term used to refer to the logic used by EIGRP. The logic can be viewed as a combination of features like those of distance vector protocols and link-state protocols.
10. Compare and contrast the types of information sent in distance vector routing updates versus link-state routing updates.
Answer: Distance vector routing updates contain a subnet number and a metric for each route. Link-state updates define much more detailed information, such as the identity of each router and which subnets each router is connected to. Therefore, the information in link-state updates is much more detailed than the equivalent information with distance vector updates. The more detailed information allows a link-state protocol to build a mathematical representation of the network topology, whereas distance vector protocols simply know that subnets exist and where to send packets to reach those subnets.
11. What term describes the underlying logic behind the OSPF routing protocol? Answer: Link state.
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