1. Suppose the pictured processor has added, along with the carry flag, a flag to indicate if the output of the ALU is 0 and a flag to indicate if the output of the ALU is positive or negative. Write a program to input and store three integers, I, J, and X. Include a subroutine to compute I + J and I - J. Then in the main program do the following: if X > 0, output I + J. If X < 0, output I – J. If X = 0, output 0.
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2. a. Construct a truth table for a “full subtractor”. Then write a complete, well-documented Verilog program to implement your subtractor.
b. Write a thorough but efficient testbench for your subtractor program.
3. a. Write a Verilog program to implement the pictured fsm. Assume that in S1 the fsm outputs 1, in S2, the fsm output 2, and in S3, the fsm outputs 3.
b. Write a thorough but efficient testbench to test your fsm.
c. Is this fsm a Moore machine or a Mealey machine? Explain.
4. a. Compute the sum in each case. Does overflow occur? Why or why not?
i. 011 + 011 =? overflow? Explain.
ii. 111 + 111 =? Overflow? Explain.
iii. 011 + 111=? Overflow? Explain.
b. If we add 0?? And 1??, what values can be assigned to the unknown digits to give overflow? Explain.
c. In fixed point notation, what range of values can X represent if X = 011101?
d. What are the three fields for a number represented in floating point notation?
i. _______________________________ ii.________________________________iii.________________________________
e. For floating point numbers, define NaN.
f. If you are designing a processor, how will you decide whether or not to include floating point arithmetic?
5. a. What is the difference between a von Neumann architecture and a Harvard architecture? b. How do you decide which type of architecture in a is best for a given processor?
c. Define the following terms:
i. Nyquist frequency ii. legacy code
iii. real-time system
6. a. What does CMM stand for and why is it important?
b. Give two methods you could use as part of a “design for testability” strategy.
c. Give two reasons to use scan testing to test an IC.
d. What are two safety features which could be included in a traffic light system? Explain.