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Chapter 5 - Ancient Sumer
Terms in this set (35)
a task or problem that tests a person's abilities
to bring something new into being
a society marked by developed arts, sciences, government, and social structure
an interconnected system of channels or lines
a person who makes money by selling goods
a craft person
a way of life that offers much more than what is necessary
someone who is trained in a particular career
a person who writes
an ancient Mesopotamian temple tower with outside staircases and a shrine at the top
a characteristic of civilization that includes the beliefs and behaviors of a society or group of people
a symbol that stands for an object
Rise of Sumerian City.
Archaeologists began finding artifacts in the area of the Fertile Crescent that we call Mesopotamia
tablets, pottery, ruins of cities.
Sumer was a challenging place to live
hot summers, little rain, rivers that flooded. Solution: they built complex irrigation systems and large cities
What characteristics make a society into a civilization
stable food supply, social structure, system of government, religious system, highly developed way of life, advances in technology, highly developed written language
the way a civilization is organized
Sumerians invented two key things to help them with a stable food supply
complex irrigation system and the plow
Sumerians social structure
Top level - priests, landowners and government officials. Middle level - merchants and artisans, farmers and fishers. Bottom level - slaves
Ruled by kings. Their Gods chose these kings. They enforced laws and collected taxes, built temples and made sure irrigation systems were maintained. The most important job was to lead the city-states army
Tried to please their Gods using expressions of belief (3 types: Ziggurats, Statues, Religious ceremonies)
Metalworkers and Architects, also musicians who played drums and pipes and the lyre (a small harp)
The most important Sumerian invention was the WHEEL
Another Sumerian invention. added strength and beauty to Sumerian buildings, the Sumerians' greatest architectural invention
Sumerians created a written language called cuneiform (from latin word "wedge")
What is the Standard of Ur?
Sumer one artifact. It showed the Sumerians in times of peace and war and their daily life
What is a plow and why is it significant?
A plow is used for tilling and turning soil to prepare for planting
Provide an example of Sumerian culture
What technological developments did Sumer come up with
They developed the wheel and the arch
What is cuneiform?
writing that uses sharp pointed tool to etch on clay tablets
What occured in 2400 BCE
The cuneiform was developed
Flat bottomed carts; invented before the wheel
How many symbols did cuneiform start with? End with?
Started with 2,000 ended with 700
Why was cuneiform developed
To record info about goods people exchanged with one another
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