Method for erecting earth bed with corduroy supporting cage on peat soils
SUBSTANCE: method for erecting an earth bed with a corduroy supporting cage on peat soils consists in the fact that in order to freeze the peat soils of the base to the required thickness, periodic snow cleaning and moss-grass cover denting are carried out. A geocomposition material with overlapping of adjacent strips by not less than 1/3 of the roll width is laid on the frozen cleaned surface. A technical layer is made of sand to protect the geocomposition material from breaks during the mounting and laying of logs. On the prepared technical layer, logs are mounted in packs in the longitudinal direction with a displacement equal to half the length of the log. In order to ensure the equipment patency over the corduroy decking, filling the top technical layer of sand is carried out. The supporting cage is formed, for which purpose the geocomposition material edges are led over the cage, and the material soldering is carried out. To prevent the mechanical damage of the geocomposition material, filling a sand protective layer is provided. The construction of the upper earth bed part is carried out.
EFFECT: reducing the sedimentation of the earth bed base and increasing the carrying capacity of the motor road earth bed.
2 cl, 3 dwg
SUBSTANCE: natural soil is extracted for optimal depth, drilling is done from the bottom of excavation of vertical and inclined wells to the roof of permafrost soils, steel pipes filled with sand and in the upper part with concrete are submerged into wells, a buffer layer from crushed stone is filled on the entire area of the excavated bottom, layers of horizontal reinforcing elements are laid above the buffer layer in the form of geogrids filled with crushed stone, the excavation is filled with coarse clastic rock with subsequent arrangement of road surface.
EFFECT: increased efficiency in reduction of deformations of motor and railway roads on permafrost soils that thaw out in process of operation and are located in an earth bed base.
SUBSTANCE: road structure placed on an earth work having a rated longitudinal inclination and a transverse inclination from 10 ppm to 50 ppm (from 10‰ to 50‰), includes a drainage layer, a base and a coating. At the same time in case of longitudinal inclinations of the earth work above 10‰ the transverse inclination of the soil base of the road surface is increased from more than 50‰ to 70‰.
EFFECT: provision of stable strength and durability of the road structure during periods of overwetting by reduction of a water filtration path in a drainage layer and the time of the soil base moistening.
SUBSTANCE: reinforced concrete plates installed on road bed are attached to piles. Between plates on road bed there is a sand layer. The sand layer is covered with bottoming. Between hard strips on bottoming there is an asphalt-concrete layer. In spring plates prevent water from sand washing-out. Automobile road will be in good condition for a long period of time. Automobile road of proposed structure will not need repair for a long period of time.
EFFECT: reducing expenses on the road operation.
SUBSTANCE: drainage system includes drainage pipes of higher strength installed with a drainage inclination in an earth bed. Drainage pipes are arranged inside the earth bed body using a method of horizontal directional drilling. End sections of pipes protrude beyond limits of earth bed slopes and are connected to each other in a closed system, the outlet of which is made as capable of connection of compressor equipment. Sections of the drainage pipes arranged in the bed body are made as evenly perforated.
EFFECT: invention makes it possible to improve draining properties of a system and bearing capacity of a road base by increasing a drying zone, realisation of the possibility to regulate drying process, and also reinforcement of an earth bed.
SUBSTANCE: method to construct a soil structure on a waterlogged area includes erection of a discharge system from soil strengthened with a binder, for instance, oil, layerwise filling of the main part of the structure, laying an underlying layer and a coating onto its surface. Under significant hydraulic heads of surface waters at the structure, within the discharge system they erect horizontal waterproof and filtering rolls with height of 0.3…0.5 m. Then the main part of the structure is filled in layers, and simultaneously the discharge system is erected in the form of perpendicularly arranged waterproof and filtering vertical membranes.
EFFECT: higher reliability and life of structure service, reduced material intensity and labour intensiveness of structure erection.
SUBSTANCE: method for road construction includes separation of a section intended for road construction into serially arranged construction sites, delivery of loose material to a construction site with technological transport. The road surface is formed in the following manner: loose material is packed into strong material, forming a continuous tape of specified length, layers of road surface are formed by laying the tape in rows along or across the construction site.
EFFECT: construction time is reduced, efficiency increases, and more durable road surface is provided.
7 cl, 2 dwg
SUBSTANCE: in the method for construction of roads on frozen soils protective elements in the form of a movable car-dome are installed to ensure tightness of their connection with a road foundation, and negative temperature is created inside a car-dome, road foundation is prepared, an earthfill is filled inside the car-body along its entire length, and the car-dome is moved along the road route axis to the distance equal to the distance of the car-dome length. Besides, at least two air impermeable car-domes are installed as arranged one after the other, the first of which is designed to prepare a frozen foundation, and the second one - to fill an earthfill.
EFFECT: higher efficiency of earthfill construction on frozen soils and its stability during operation.
SUBSTANCE: in the method to erect embankment on frozen soils, according to the invention, a finished frozen dry soil and cement mixture is produced in winter, for this purpose a frozen highly icy soil is used, which is crushed - ground to produce frozen crumbs, and a binder, for instance, cement, which are mixed, stacked, and the finished frozen (dry) soil and cement mixture is filled into an embankment in winter. At first the dry fiber-reinforced cement mixture is prepared from cement and fiber, stacked, afterwards a finished frozen (dry) mixture is prepared from a dry fiber-reinforced cement mixture and a ground frozen soil, and laid into an embankment. The finished frozen dry mixture is prepared from a crushed frozen soil and an expanding cement, in the amount complying with the change of its volume during expansion in process of hydration and equal to the volume of ice in the frozen crushed soil. The dry cement and sand mixture is prepared from cement and dried (conditioned) sand, stacked, then the finished frozen dry mixture is prepared from a dry cement and sand mixture and a ground frozen (finely dispersed) soil, besides, the volume of (conditioned) sand is equal to the volume of cavities between grains of the ground frozen soil, afterwards the prepared finished frozen (dry) mixture is laid into the embankment.
EFFECT: invention may be used in erection of oil and gas and transport structures on frozen soils, both in summer and winter periods of the year.
SUBSTANCE: in an embankment on the frozen ground including a trench, a convex layer of a frost protection material in a solid enclosure, ice-rich soil and a drainage soil layer, according to the invention, an embankment base and ramps are made of discrete impenetrable solid elements. In the base, they are layered all the way down the trench, and in the ramps - full-height embankment. The gaps between said discrete solid elements are filled with a frost-free material. In the layered discrete impenetrable solid elements of the base, there are air gaps, while the ramps are covered with antifiltration sheets. The air gaps can be discrete and located in mutually perpendicular directions, or in the form of pits staggered in the base. The discrete solid elements are appropriate to be filled with ice-rich soil produced of, e.g. trenching.
EFFECT: higher stability of the embankment ensured by higher degree of frost-bound soil condition, and reinforcement of separate areas of an embankment body, prevention of continuous water saturation, ground filtration and liquefaction in ice thawing.
4 cl, 5 dwg
SUBSTANCE: method for erection of embankment on frozen soils includes laying of heat insulation layer onto foundation, filling of embankment layer from highly icy soil, with further filling of upper draining layer of soil. According to invention, prior to installation of heat insulation layer, transverse slots are cut in embankment foundation and filled with non-heaving material, then internal long strip is filled from highly icy soil, long vertical filtering webs are installed, then long extreme strips are filled together with upper draining layer, afterwards conditioning is carried out, as well as further dehydration of embankment.
EFFECT: reduced costs and efficiency.
FIELD: road building, particularly to construct road pavement.
SUBSTANCE: pavement comprises sand underlayer with hydrophobous roll material and monolithic cement concrete layer. Pavement is provided with geomesh arranged on underlayer. Geomesh has threads working in tension in longitudinal and transversal directions and forming lower monolithic layer. Pavement comprises three-dimensional honeycomb geogrid having cells filled with monolithic cement concrete to form intermediate layer and with fiber threads randomly directed and uniformly distributed over the whole volume to form upper layer.
EFFECT: reduced water impermeability and increased wear resistance and bending strength; possibility to use pavement without rigid base construction.
FIELD: road building, particularly methods or arrangements for protecting foundations from destructive influences of moisture, frost or vibration.
SUBSTANCE: roadbed arranged on ground comprises base, water drainage channels extending along the base, reinforcing device located on the base and embankment formed over reinforcing device. Reinforcing device comprises drainage cuts and sand-gravel mix located in the cuts. The drainage cuts are formed in ground base and extend across roadbed for depth exceeding base height and reaches filtering ground level. The drainage cuts have width and pitch providing ground consolidation in road building period. Reinforcing layer is arranged over drainage cuts to provide liquid filtering in all directions without reinforcing layer properties change as load applied to roadbed increases. Sand-gravel mix compacted with vibrorollers is also arranged on reinforcing layer. Method involves forming drainage cuts across roadbed, wherein the drainage cuts have width and pitch providing ground consolidation in road building period and depth equal to depth of filtering ground location; filling the cuts with sand-gravel mix; compacting thereof; arranging reinforcing layer over the drainage cuts; pouring sand-gravel mix over the reinforcing layer; compacting sand-gravel mix and forming embankment including several layers. Each embankment layer is compacted with vibrorollers.
EFFECT: increased load-bearing capacity and increased rate of base ground consolidation.
8 cl, 4 dwg
FIELD: tire utilization and use in building, particularly to erect earthquake resistant foundations for low buildings, to construct road beds in marshlands and to erect mudflow control structures of used tires.
SUBSTANCE: method involves laying tires one upon another in several layers so that tread tire parts are in close contact with each other; connecting the tires by inserting fastening members in tire interiors. Tires are grouped in the first tire layer and then perforated strips are installed in interior of each tire. Number of strips depends of number of adjacent tires. Perforated strip orifices are spaced apart a distance corresponding to tire layer thickness. Then adjacent tires are pulled together by means of fastening pins having flat non-threaded parts. The pins are located from top and bottom of tire sides. Then next tire layers are laid and connected in the same way to provide stack having necessary height. Spaces defined in tire stacks and between the tires are filled with filler.
EFFECT: increased reliability of tire connection.
FIELD: building, particularly erection of motor and rail road embankments, dikes over pipelines and other structures in permafrost ground, construction of temporary roads in difficult conditions, namely in areas characterized by loose sand, in watered zones formed by clay or biogenic rock.
SUBSTANCE: heat-insulation layer comprises at least one panel with cells filled with fiber material. The panels are formed of polymeric material, namely solid compacted polyethylene and are connected with each other to form single structure. The cells are hollow and face ground by opened parts thereof. Cells are provided with drain orifices made in cell surfaces.
EFFECT: improved temperature control, which retains covering integrity under the action of non-uniform deformations caused by permafrost conditions.
4 cl, 5 dwg, 4 ex
FIELD: road building.
SUBSTANCE: invention can be used to strengthen weak base, increase strength and load-bearing capacity of roadbed. Proposed construction includes earth roadbed with shoulders and slopes, support longitudinal trench filled with material arranged in earth roadbed with geosynthetic material placed over top of trench. Longitudinal trench arranged along axis of earth roadbed or several longitudinal trenches are made with width of 0.6-10 at depth of 1.2-2.6 m filled with friction material, and geosynthetic material with minimum breaking strength of 15kN/m in longitudinal direction and of ≥ 20 kN/m in cross direction is placed over top of trench with back lapping into embankment providing formation of semiholders from two sides of earth roadbed.
EFFECT: improved service characteristics of road, increased time between repairs owing to elimination or reduction of sagging of earth roadbed base.
2 cl, 2 ex, 4 dwg
FIELD: road building, particularly paving made of prefabricated single units and foundations therefore.
SUBSTANCE: fine-cellular paving includes a number of polyethylene vessels spaced minimal distance one from another and laid on trench bottom. The container cuts face upwards. The containers are provided with opened lower ends and are filled with powder material.
EFFECT: decreased material consumption, increased service performance of road paving, possibility to utilize polymeric items, which were not so far used in road building and improved ecological safety.
1 dwg, 2 ex
FIELD: construction, particularly to build roads, airports of silt soil, for instance in northern zones having seasoned deeply frozen or permafrost soil, high ground water level, mainly in summer periods.
SUBSTANCE: road structure has pavement with underlying layer, road bed reinforced with binding agent and water-proofing shell. The water-proofing shell has lower part inclined from embankments to road bed axis. Road structure also has gap for water discharge from shell into underlying draining layer located under road bed. Water-proofing shell and draining layer are made of soil reinforced with binding material, for instance with oil. Upper part of strengthened shell is used as paving underlayer.
EFFECT: possibility of object construction of in-situ silt or wet soil, increased strength and stability during road usage.
FIELD: road building.
SUBSTANCE: proposed geocomposite interlayer for roadbed of motor road features stable draining and capillary breaking properties and watertightness over lower plane. It provides nonwettability of soil and reliable removal of water to slopes of road-bed at provision of designed cross gradient in interlayer. Invention makes it possible to use proposed geocomposite interlayer instead of sand draining layer, thickness up to 40 cm, and provide required optimum moisture content in working layer of roadbed. Novelty is that geogrid is provided with geocloth from top and bottom and additional watertight film is placed between lower plane of geogrid and lower layer of geocloth. Geogrid has three-level structure of arrangement of component members forming cells in geogrid of size preventing coupling of upper and lower layers of geocloth. Members of middle level of structure of geogrid have section height exceeding section height of members of lower and upper levels of geogrid.
EFFECT: improved quality of roadbed.
2 cl, 3 dwg
FIELD: construction; mining.
SUBSTANCE: on collapsing soils having considerable depth there are constructed vertical banded geological absorbing wells and piles in the form of excision, where is introduced reinforcing agent, providing simultaneously ground fluid filtration. Into excisions of geological absorbing wells and piles reinforcing agent is introduced with vibropiling and combined with area seal of grounds. Excision of geological piles is filled by portion filling. Each filled portion is vibropiled.
EFFECT: strengthening of weak base of collapsing soils.
4 cl, 7 dwg
SUBSTANCE: invention deals with preparation for construction activities within unstable ground sites. Method of construction under unstable ground conditions includes the following operations: placement of reinforcing material onto the construction site ground with the material selected from the following list: rope, gasket, reinforcement net, meshed material, geotextile material and the reinforcing elements arranged lengthwise or netlike; pouring a liquid dual-component hydrophobic expanding polymer onto the reinforcing material. After curing the polymer and the reinforcing material form a consolidated constructional foundation spanning over the ground unstable zones. There is also description of the construction method variant as well as a structure built through it.
EFFECT: arrangement of a reinforced foamed material foundation enabling the earth foundation consolidation and minimisation of its disintegration which eventually results in decreased settling of buildings and structures erected on such reinforced foamed material foundations.
17 cl, 3 dwg