/GLBL 210 Notes 2/17/16
/GLBL 210 Notes 2/17/16 GLBL 210
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This 2 page Class Notes was uploaded by Hadley Ashford on Wednesday February 17, 2016. The Class Notes belongs to GLBL 210 at University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill taught by Jonathan Weiler in Spring 2016. Since its upload, it has received 17 views. For similar materials see Global Issues in Global Studies at University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill.
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Date Created: 02/17/16
GLBL 210 Notes 2/17/16: Theories of Third World Development - Dependency theory is response to modernization theory o Both arguments still present in debates today What poverty is/who is responsible/where it is concentrated/What should we do? - Ultimate vision/message of Marshall Plan is “Be like us” o US believed that political/economic/social institutions were best/only way to promote development o US as model for rest of world o Modernization theory stems from this belief - Truman’s Four Point Plan in inaugural address video notes o 4 point: make technological advancements of US available to entire world o Premise that US has best/most advances technology o Proposes capital investment in material possessions (food, clothing, shelter materials) o Idea that economic/production growth is best/only way to increased life satisfaction o Promotes democracy instead of imperialism Is this actually true though? - Key points of Truman’s Fourth Point: o Clear separation between worlds o Idea that already know how to solve problems of Third World Proposed solution= technological advancements, free trade/free markets, capital investment, democracy o Motivation for helping Third World is prevent further spread of communism Domino Theory: worldview of 1940’s-1960’s that if one region falls to communism, everywhere will - Modernization theory premises: o First World characteristics: Industrialized Advanced o Third World characteristics: Shorter life expectancy High infant mortality Agrarian (taken to mean underdeveloped because little industrialization/manufacturing) Economically backward o Development: economic institutions/goals of Western nations that are applied to Third World countries suffering from problems such as poverty, rising population, environmental degradation, political corruption, violence - Why are some countries rich and others poor? o Modernization theory suggests that wealthier countries have set of cultural values/norms that promote growth/progress and poor countries do not In simpler terms: rich countries are better - Modernization theory conditions for development: o Capital to use for investment and growth o Foundation of Western values Motivation for profit (profit motive) Individualism and self-interest Ambition (achievement-orientation), “Greed is Good” clip, each generation better than the next Division of labor and specialization, complex economy greater total efficiency “Know-how”: knowledge of what is best and most effective - Modernization theory suggests that poor countries are poor by their own faults, no one else is to blame - According to modernization theory, attributes of traditional society (Third World) o Lack of ambition: same life satisfaction/standard of living across generations o Fatalism: fate inhibits human agency/control over future o Conservatism: goal in life is to conserve resources for survival, lack of risk o Priority of immediate needs over future planning - Rostow’s Stages of Economic Growth: o Traditional society: backward, present-oriented o Pre-conditions to take-off: happens at different times in different societies, accumulation of capital for investment, creation of markets o Take-off: emergence of industrialization o Drive to maturity: values that promoted industrialization in take-off applied to most aspects of society o Age of high mass consumption: able to use resources for self-interest and consumerism o Idea that development slows down eventually, people able to pursue leisure activities o Believed that every country could go through all stages of development Poor countries aren’t doing that because don’t share same cultural values as West Responsibility of wealthy countries to teach and help poor countries begin progress through stages
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