Web Development Roadmap 2021
In this article you will learn how you can start learning web development, there are many questions comes in beginner's mind before starting learning web development. This article will give you answers to all of them as well as provide you with the best resources to learn web development on your own.
We will firstly go over all the necessary tools and software required to start web devlopment. Below are the tools & software which are necessary to start web development.
Tools And Softwares
Browser (Google Chrome, Firefox etc)
The first one is a browser, it allows web developers to test and debug their code and also help in testing the user interface of a website or web application. Many browsers have built-in tools to help web developers. Many developers use google chrome and they prefer it because it has some awesome built-in features for web developers, also it has Chrome Developer Tools which helps a lot in development. There are lot of browser available you can select any one of them Google Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer, Safari and Opera.
Code editor is used to write code, picking the right code editor helps in efficient and productive development. There are various code editors available you can pick any one from these Visual Studio Code, Atom, Vim, Sublime Text, Notepad++ etc .
Many people use IDE which stands for Integrated Development Environment which consist of set of tools like code editor, compiler, debugger etc. Using IDE can speed up your work but it becomes complicated for beginners to understand and work using IDE. Some examples of IDE are Eclipse, Netbeans, Visual Studio.
Github is a git service provider. Git is distributed versioning control system which helps developers to track and manage changes to a code. GitHub lets you and others work together on projects. Github is not necessary at beginning but used later on as version control.
Now let us discussed the learning path for web development -
STAGE 1: Basics Of HTML
HTML stands for hypertext markup language where hypertext is the process of linking objects to each other so that when one object is clicked the linking object can be viewed and HTML uses so-called markup to annotate text images and other content to display in a web browser, in other words, you have access to elements or tags such as head, title, body, header, footer and so on. The hypertext markup language was created by Tim Berners-lee in 1990. A web browser reads these markup tags and translates them into what we visibly recognize as a website. Most web browsers allow you to view the HTML code for any web page for instance in Firefox or Chrome you can hit control+U to bring up the web page source.
HTML is a fairly simple language made up of elements which can be applied to certain text to give them different meaning in a document or a website. With HTML you can define a structure of a web page. For example, you can add a header, you can separate the page into three different columns of content, you can add a navigation menu, and so on. You can also embed content such as images and videos into the page. You should know about HTML it is the fundamental technology used to define the structure of a web page. HTML is used to specify whether your web page content should be recognized as a paragraph, list, heading link, image or any other available elements.
HTML structure: So first you can start by learning HTML structure. This is the basic structure of any web page and at the top we have the doctype then we have the head element and then the body element and then you can learn how we put elements inside one another. There are some tags like head, body, div, and many different tags you can learn them all.
HTML Tags: The second thing that we would like you to learn is the HTML tags as we mentioned before there are many different HTML tags some of them are 'head', 'body' then we have the 'div' for different divisions, we also have headings h1, h2, h3, some paragraphs, images, videos, and many different tags.
HTML Attributes : Some of the tags request mandatory attributes for example if you want to display an image you can use an image tag but then you need to provide it an attribute called src or source, inside which you need to put the link of the image so that it properly displays on the webpage. There are many different attributes that correspond to many different tags so you can learn them as well.
STAGE 2: Basics Of CSS
The second stage of your learning is the basics of CSS. CSS stands for cascading style sheets and it is the first technology that you should start learning after HTML, while HTML is used to define the structure and semantics of your content, CSS is used to style it and lay it out.
For example, you can use CSS to alter the font color, size and spacing of your content, split it into multiple columns or even add some animations. You should first learn the basics of how it works, what the syntax looks like, and how you can start using it to add styling to HTML. You can learn CSS and practice it simultaneously with HTML. You can do them both at the same time moving back and forth between the topics. For example, you can create a div or you can create a navigation bar and then simply add some styling with the CSS to it and make it look nice.
CSS Box Model: CSS box model is the most important concept of all the CSS. We have padding, margin, and then some width and height of the element so you can learn that or you can just Google CSS box model.
CSS positioning: What are the different ways that you can position elements on the website is known as CSS positioning.
Media Queries: The third most important thing which is a bit more advanced right here but also we would consider it a basic nowadays, media queries are used to make webpages responsive. What does that mean? basically nowadays people use tablets, phones, laptops, 4k monitors or full HD monitors you need to make your website look nice on all different displays and this is where the media queries come in handy.
STAGE 4 : Advanced HTML, CSS AND JS
Framework: HTML doesn't need to load Js and CSS. If the HTML and CSS are in Js this may seem mind-blowing at first but this is exactly what a front-end library react does, so now we can move on to frameworks now that you know the fundamentals of the web. You can start with frameworks they allow you to build powerful single-page applications with organized and interactive user interfaces. So why would you use them? they are used to make building and working with programming languages easier. Frameworks typically take all the difficult repetitive tasks in setting up a new web application and they either do the boring stuff for you or they make it very easy for you to do.
For example, Facebook is a full-stack web application, have a database to store users it also needs to have a proper back-end to handle all the logic in there and it also needs to have a front-end or a client-side which will allow you to actually see all the profiles of users the messages and the feed of the Facebook. for example, it is a fun fact that react is actually built by the Facebook team.
Best Web Development Books
Author :- Jon Duckett
Edition :- 2014 Edition
Published by :- John Wiley & Sons;
Author :- Thomas Powell
Edition :- Fifth Edition
Published by :- McGraw-Hill Digital
The Definitive Guide to HTML & CSS--Fully Updated Written by a Web development expert, the fifth edition of this trusted resource has been thoroughly revised and reorganized to address HTML5, the revolutionary new Web standard. The book covers all the elements supported in today's Web browsers--from the standard (X)HTML tags to the archaic and proprietary tags that may be encountered.