The more we discover about nature, the more simple and elegant it becomes. In the 1860s, Maxell’s equations united magnetism and light, giving us electromagnetism. In the 1940s and 1950s, physicists united quantum mechanics and relativity to give us quantum field theory—which is the basis of the Standard Model of Particle Physics.
Now scientists want to unify the three fundamental forces in the Standard Model—the strong force, the weak force and electromagnetism. If these three forces have the same strength at higher energies, it could help explain dark matter, dark energy, the odd mass of the Higgs boson, the Big Bang and the curious differences between fermions and leptons.
But uniting these three forces mathematically requires a whole second set of fundamental particles—particles that are theorized but remain yet to be seen.
Supersymmery is a model that acts like an expansion pack to the Standard Model and help explain some of its unanswered questions. Supersymmetry predicts that every fermion has a twin boson and vice versa. Fermions create the scaffolding of solid matter, while bosons dictate how the different forms of matter can interact. Supersymmetry would link these two groups and help explain how the fundamental forces and particles are interlaced.