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An Introduction to Globalization
Transcript of An Introduction to Globalization
When did the world get so "small"?
How did the world shrink?
Think about the history of the world....
Create a timeline of the events, inventions, ideas, and technologies that caused the world to shrink throughout different periods in history.
farming and farming villages
Greeks and Spartans
Merchants and Trade
Spread of Christianity
The Rise of Islam
The Printing Press
Voyages of Discovery
The Rise of the Middle Class
The Slave Trade
Empires in Africa
Scramble for Africa
Here comes the U.S.A
Theory of the Evolution ofGlobalization
Goods and ideas are exchanged along ancient trade routes
Arab nations trade goods, knowledge, medicine, literature and mathematics with Europeans
Late 1400's - Europeans develop technologies allowing them to travel further than ever.
Beginning after WWII to present day
"the flattening of the world"
Began around 1492, when the world went from size large to medium
Small to Tiny
1492: The Beginning of Globalization?
True globalization began in the 1800s from the effects of the Industrial Revolution
It is not until this point that globalization really changes the way we live
Age of Telecommunication
"collaboration enabling technologies"
What is it?
related to the use of mass media and better transportation and communication systems
the types of jobs people have
the income we receive
the types of clothes we wear
the food we eat
the music we listen to
the languages we use for communication
results in structural changes (called restructuring) in the economies of countries throughout the world
world and national politics
process by which the world is becoming more interconnected
Some even say that true globalization began in the 1970s with the increasing importance of global markets, trade, and neoliberalization
Those in Favor Say:
Those Against it Say:
It is supposed to be based on the principal of “comparative advantage”, whereby individual countries discover their respective “niches” and specialization.
It is viewed as resulting in a more “efficient” world
Usually, prices decline which benefits the consumer
Globalization compels the less developed countries (LDCs) to become part of the same economic and social system as the more developed countries (MDCs), so eventually the LDCs become integrated into this system and begin to catch up with the MDCs
There have always been “winners” and “losers” when economies dramatically restructure. Generally, however, the good outweighs the bad in the long run and society, as a whole, is better off.
It is not inevitable nor natural. It has been fostered by deliberate government policies of the MDCs – especially by countries such as the U.S., Japan, and Europe. The World Trade Organization (WTO) is often used as an example of this control by the superpowers (MDCs)
It is designed to promote the interests of the MDCs, often at the expense of the LDCs. As a result the MDCs are getting richer and the LDCs are falling further behind. It is based on the faulty premise of “trickle down” economics.
It promotes free market, export-oriented economies at the expense of localized sustainable activities and in the process causes enormous disruptions to local economies and cultures.
The “free market” model commonly promoted by developing countries is not the one that Western industrial countries used for the earlier stages of their own economic development.
For example, such countries as the U.S., Japan, and Germany used government regulations and intervention to direct investments, manage trade, and subsidize certain sectors of their economies
Today’s LDCs must compete with today’s MDCs, something the MDCs did not have to face when they were developing.
It tends to adversely impact the poor more than the wealthy.
What do you think?