Earth an undisputed planet to have to live. Life on earth includes its flora and fauna. Planet Earth is so beautiful, that from any place you stand, it can experience its natural beauty.
Ecological system of earth includes every single plant, flowers, all animals however small or big and its atmospheric composition.
Broadly, eco-system comprises of two categories, its flora and fauna i.e., its plant life and wildlife of the earth.
The word flora is derived from the Latin term “FLORA” which means “the goddess of the plants, flowers, and fertility in Roman mythology.”
Mostly the word flora is often confused with word vegetation, but instead both the terms are quite distinctive.
“Fauna” this word has been derived from modern Latin term Faunus- the Roman God and the related forest spirits called Fauns.
It was Carl Linnaeus from Sweden in his work Fauna Suecica- 1745who first used the term fauna.
Flora is plant life, while Fauna is animal life.
Flora is the complete plant-life appearing in any specified area or time.Flora can be sub-categorized depending on the region, period, climate, characteristics, and environment. Floras can also include plant life of any era as in fossil flora. Here are some of the categories of flora-
It means the native and inborn flora of a particular region.
AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE FLORA:
These are also called garden flora. These are plants grown by humans. These are plants generally grown for decoration purposes.
This category further includes different types of plants: weedy species, invasive species and native and introduced non-weedy species that are undesirable.
Fauna consists of all of the animal life of any particular region or era. Like flora, fauna can also be sub-divided into following types:-
Animals that live in and around ice or cold weather.
These are fauna that lives in protected and concealed microhabitats.
They live within the bottom substratum of a body of water, especially within the bottom-most oceanic sediments, instead of the surface. They are also called Benthic organisms.
These are also aquatic animals that live on the bottom substratum, contrary to benthic fauna that live on top of the sediment surface at the seafloor.
These are benthic or soil organisms retained on a 0.5mm sieve.
These are large animals of any particular region or time.
These are small benthic invertebrates. They live in both marine and freshwater environments.
Mesofauna is extremely diverse. Mesofauna is microscopic soil animals like arthropods or nematodes.
These are very small microscopic animals. Examples- Protozoans.
This means flying animals like birds.
Piscifauna means “fish fauna.”
SIGNIFICANCE OF FLORA AND FAUNA:
Human existence is not at all possible without flora and fauna. It is symbiotic kind of relationship. Flora releases oxygen which is used by humans and fauna. Fauna releases carbon – dioxide which is used by flora for its growth.
They are also of great use to human as for food supply, medicine, and water.
- Aesthetic value
Nature is rich with flora and fauna, the sight of such region is breath-taking. People usually travel for enjoying the nature’s bounty and cherish it’s undoubtful beautiful.
- An economythe region rich with diverse flora and fauna attracts tourist which in turn generates the economy.
Different parts of the world enjoy different types of flora and fauna, each being very distinct and descriptive depending on its topography and climate.