1 - Refer to Programme Brief #3: Preventing
HIV Infections in Young People – Support the access to voluntary
counseling and testing for sexually active young people
2 - Refer to Programme Brief #2: Prevention of HIV Infection in Pregnant Women – Selective VCT should be offered to pregnant women and where possible, their sexual partners, who are determined to be at high risk in all countries, and in high prevalent countries - VCT should be promoted for all pregnant women irrespective of their risk status.
Allen et al, 1992; Campbell et al, 1997; Kamenga et al, 1991; Van der Straten et al, 1995; Voluntary HIV-1 Counseling and Testing Efficacy
Study Group 2000, UNAIDS 2001 ; The impact of Voluntary Counseling and Testing: A global review of the benefits and challenges, Geneva,
4 - Shared confidentiality means individuals and one or two close relatives, friends or neighbours being informed and counseled together, either at the point of breaking the news of HIV infection or at a later stage.
5 - Serial testing – HIV tests are performed in series - Individuals are tested with a rapid HIV test – if test is positive, a second, different rapid test is performed. Discordant test results are further tested with a third type of rapid HIV test. This protocol is recommended by both WHO and UNAIDS.
Parallel testing – individuals are tested using two tests simultaneously (in parallel). If tests are discordant a third type of rapid test is used as “tiebreaker.”
Comments or questions on Programme Briefs should be addressed to Dr. Suman Mehta, HIV/AIDS Coordinator, Technical Support Division, UNFPA or sent by email to firstname.lastname@example.org