APES EXAM REVIEW
Terms in this set (29)
Lacey Act (1900)
purpose was too prevent the illegal hunting, transportation, and trade of game animals across state lines.
Endangered Species Act (ESA)
protects species in danger of becoming extinct by protecting the species and its critical habitat. VERY POWERFUL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW.
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
requires Environmental Impact Statements EIS before moving forward with projects on federal lands.
Clean Water Act (CWA)
(First version was the Water Pollution Control Act) Purpose is to make the surface waters swimmable and fishable. Provides for permitting allowing companies to discharge into surface waters based on TMDLs of the receiving body of water. The early versions dealt primarily with point sources. Later amendments provided funds to deal with nonpoint sources and acid deposition.
Safe Drinking Water Act
Gives the EPA the authority to set tolerance limits on levels of chemical contaminants that can be in drinking water.
Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) (Superfund Act)
to identify and clean up abandoned hazardous waste sites. Sets Funds come from taxes on chemical and petroleum companies.
Federal Insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)
allows the federal government (EPA) to approve and regulate pesticides.
Food Quality Protection Act
sets limits on residual pesticides found on foods.
Marine Mammal Protection Act
Protects all marine mammals from harm by U.S. citizens.
Clean Air Act and amendments
allows for the setting of standards for the six criteria air pollutants (CO, NOx , O3, SO2, PM, lead) from stationary and mobile sources.
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
Governs the tracking and disposal of solid and hazardous waste. (cradle-to-grave)
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act
regulates surface mining of coal and surface impacts of subsurface coal mining. States land must be minimally disturbed during the mining process and reclaimed after mining is complete.
(CITES)Convention on the International Trade of Endangered Species
protects species by requiring governments to work to prevent the trade of endangered species.
countries agreed to stop the manufacture of use of ozone depleting compounds such as CFCs.
governments agreed to cut emissions of greenhouse gases
Paris Climate Treaty
governments set a goal of keeping global temperatures below 2
C above pre-industrial levels with a target of 1.5
C, reduce carbon emissions by investing in climate change resistant technologies.
Convention on Biological Diversity
Goal is to prevent the widespread loss of species by protecting "Hotspots" of diversity.
countries agreed to limit the production and use of certain hazardous chemicals, including a list of 12 chemicals to be banned and phased out.
(1986) worst civil nuclear accident in the Ukraine. Core meltdown and explosion released radiation over large areas.
(1979) partial core meltdown of the Three-Mile nuclear plant in PA. There was some release of radiation.
(1989) Oil tanker that ran aground in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Spilled 11 million gallons of crude oil, fouling hundreds of miles of shoreline and killing thousands of sea birds and mammals.
BP Horizon oil well blow-out
(2010) led to the release of approximately 4.9 million barrels of oil (210 million gallons).
Bhopal India Chemical plant disaster
(1984) Considered the world's worst industrial disaster. Union Carbide chemical plant released a chemical known as methyl isocyanate (MIC). Figures are disputed on the number killed and permanently disabled, but over 500 000 people were exposed to the chemical. Death estimates from the disaster range from 2300 to almost 4000.
Cuyahoga River (Cleveland, OH)
(1969) the river was so polluted with oil and other substances that it caught fire.
Fukushima Nuclear disaster
(2011) an earthquake and subsequent tsunami caused the nuclear plant to lose power and prevented coolant water from reaching the reactor cores, triggering three core meltdowns and release of nuclear material.
biologist, wrote "Silent Spring" - about the dangers of pesticide use. Some say the book began the modern environmental movement.
Naturalist and environmental advocate, founder of the Sierra Club and helped establish Yosemite Park and Yellowstone (world's first National Park)
forester and naturalist, wrote a textbook on forestry. Known for the "Precautionary Principle" and "Land Ethic", which advocates using caution when tinkering with ecosystems.
president, hunter, and conservationist, set aside millions of acres of land for protection. Established the country's first wildlife refuge, "Pelican Island" in Florida 1903.
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