Cholera is an infectious disease that affects the intestinal tract.
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Cholera is caused by a specific bacteria. This bacterium releases a toxin that causes rapid loss of fluids from the small intestines. Cholera is spread by ingesting food or water contaminated by fecal waste. It is common in countries that lack proper sewage disposal.
Cholera is more common in children 2-5 years of age. Factors that increase your risk of getting cholera include:
- Living or traveling in areas where cholera is present
- Eating contaminated food or fluids
- Eating raw or undercooked shellfish
- Having blood group O
- Having a weakened immune system
- Having low levels of stomach acid
Symptoms of cholera begin quickly and can be severe. They include:
- Sudden onset of painless, watery diarrhea without blood or pus
- Muscle cramps
The severity of symptoms ranges from mild, short-lived diarrhea to shock and death due to extreme fluid loss. Most symptoms occur one to three days after exposure.
You will be asked about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. It is important to tell your doctor about any recent travel to areas where cholera is common. If cholera is suspected, stool and blood samples will be tested.
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