There were many professions in ancient Egypt, most of which were inherited jobs. For the most part, whatever job your father had, you had. If he was a farmer, when you grew up, you would become a farmer. Other inherited jobs included doctors, teachers, bakers, fishermen, herders, boatmen, and traders.
But there were a couple of professions that could help you move up the social ladder. One was to become a scribe, the people who wrote things down. The other was to become a craftsman or an artist if you were talented.
Anyone could join the army. Thanks to Egypt's natural barriers, Egypt had little need for a large army. The army protected the delta region and the area to the south. They army also settle local differences.