Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydropower Plant - 6,400MW
The Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power plant, located on the Yenisei River in Sayanogorsk, Khakassia, has installed capacity of 6,400MW making it the biggest power station in Russia and one of the 10 biggest hydroelectric power plants in the world. The facility, owned and operated by RusHydro, was built between 1963 and 1978 and generates 23.5TWh annually, 70% of which is delivered to four aluminium smelters in Siberia.
The power station uses a 242m high and 1,066m long arch-gravity dam and ten 640MW Francis generating units. It has been undergoing rehabilitation and comprehensive modernisation after nine of the ten turbines of the plant were damaged in an accident in August 2009. As of May 2014, eight of ten planned new units with 96.6% efficiency were installed bringing the working capacity of the plant to 5,120MW, and the remaining two units are expected to commence operation by 2015.
Krasnoyarsk Hydroelectric Power Station - 6,000MW
The 6,000MW Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power plant located on the Yenisei River in Divnogorsk is Russia's second biggest power station. The facility is operated by JSC Krasnoyarsk HPS and produces 18.4TWh annually, most of which is delivered to RUSAL's Krasnoyarsk smelter.
The hydropower station, built between 1956 and 1972, comprises of a 124m high and 1,065m long concrete gravity dam and 12 Francis generating units of 500MW capacity each. Leningradsky Metallichesky Zavod (LMZ) supplied the turbines and generators, while Gidroenergoproek was the engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contractor.
Surgut-2 Power Station - 5,597MW
At 5,597.1MW, the Surgut-2 power plant (also known as the Surgutskaya GRES-2) located in West-Siberia is the third biggest power station in Russia and the third biggest thermal power plant in the world. The gas-fired power plant is owned and operated by E.ON Russia and has been operational since 1985. It generates approximately 40 billion kWh of electricity per year using associated petroleum gas (70%) and natural gas (30%) as fuels.
The Surgut-2 power station consists of six 800MW units commissioned between 1985 and 1988, and two advanced gas-fired combined cycle units with a combined capacity of 797.1MW commissioned in July 2011. The latest units are based on GE 9FA gas turbines and have an efficiency rate of 55.9%. E.ON Russia contracted Emerson Process Management to implement an automated process control system at the third generating unit of in September 2011.
Bratsk Hydroelectric Power Station - 4,515MW
The 4,515MW Bratsk hydroelectric power station, located on the Angara River near the Bratsk city in Irkutsk Oblast of south-eastern Siberia, is owned and operated by Irkutskenergo. The plant has been in operation since 1967 and generates 22.6TWh annually.
The hydropower project comprises of a 924m long and 124.5m high concrete gravity dam constructed between 1954 and 1961 and a power house consists of 18 Francis generating units with 250MW capacity each. Voith was contracted in February 2012 to supply six new Francis runners, each of 6m diameter and 255mw rated capacity, as part of the power station's modernisation. The first turbine runner was delivered to the plant in February 2014 and the remaining five will be delivered at six month intervals.
Balakovo Nuclear Power Plant - 4,000MW
The Balakovo Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) located at Balakovo in the Saratov Oblast, Russia, has 4,000MW installed gross capacity and 3,800MW net capacity. The power station, owned and operated by Rosenergoatom, a subsidiary of state owned Atomenergoprom, has been operational since 1985 and generated 31.74TWh of electricity in 2013.
The Balakovo NPP comprises of four VVER-1000 type pressurised water reactor (PWR) units, each of 1,000MW gross capacity and 950MW of net capacity, commissioned between 1985 and 1993.
Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant - 4,000MW
The Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant located near the town of Udomlya in Tver Oblast, Russia, has 4,000MW gross installed capacity and 3,800MW net capacity. The NPP, owned and operated by Rosenergoatom, has been operating since 1984 and generated 28.61TWh of electricity in 2013.
The NPP consists of four VVER-1000 type pressurised water reactor (PWR) units of 1,000MW gross capacity and 950MW net capacity each. The first two reactors were commissioned between 1984 and 1986, and the third and fourth reactor units were commissioned in 2004 and 2011.
Kursk Nuclear Power Plant - 4,000MW
The Kursk Nuclear Power Plant located at Kurchatov on the bank of the Seym River, about 40km west of the Kursk city in western Russia, has a gross installed capacity of 4,000MW and net installed capacity of 3,700MW. The nuclear power facility owned and operated by Rosenergoatom has been in commercial operation since 1977.
The plant consists of four RBMK-1000 light-water-cooled graphite- moderated reactor (LWGR) units of 1,000MW gross capacity and 925MW net capacity each. The four operational units of the NPP were connected to the grid between 1976 and 1985 and generated 21.82TWh of electricity in 2013.
Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant - 4,000MW
The Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant located in the town of Sosnovy Bor in Leningrad Oblast of Russia has 4,000MW gross capacity and 3,700MW net capacity. The plant, owned and operated by Rosenergoatom, has been in commercial operation since 1974.
It comprises of four operational RBMK-1000 light-water-cooled graphite-moderated reactor (LWGR) units, each with 1,000MW gross capacity and 925MW net capacity. The four generating units were grid-connected between 1973 and 1981. Electricity generation from Leningrad- 2, 3 & 4 units in 2013 stood at 17.09TWh.
Ust-Ilimsk Hydroelectric Power Station - 3,840MW
The Ust-Ilimsk hydroelectric power station located on the Angara River near Ust-Ilimsk in the Irkutsk Oblast has 3,840MW installed capacity making it the third biggest hydropower facility in Russia. The power station, owned and operated by Irkutskenergo, was built between 1963 and 1980 and generates 21.7TWh of electricity per annum.
A 105m high and 1,475m long concrete gravity dam flanked by two earth-fill auxiliary dams was built as part of the project. The power house consists of 16 Francis type generating units with 240MW capacity each.
Kostroma Power Station - 3,600MW
The Kostroma Power Station, also known as the Kostromskaya GRES, is a 3,600MW gas-fired power station near Volgorechensk, Kostroma, in Russia. The power station, owned and operated by OGK-3, has been in operation since 1969 and generated 12.55TWh of electricity in 2010.
The Kostromskaya GRES consists of eight 300MW generating units commissioned between 1969 and 1971, and a 1,200MW unit commissioned in 1980. The thermal power station uses natural gas as main fuel and fuel oil as backup, to produce around 3% of all electricity in Russia.