Heat is when water boils at 180 celcius and it turns into water vapor and moves alot faster than when its a liquid.
Density is when something heavy goes in a liquid and sink or if an object that is light it will float,or it will float in the middle.
Magnetism is when two magnets attract to each others poles the north and the south poles,but when the two of the same poles touch the don't attract to each other.
Mass is how much something weighs
Insulation is something that prevents heat from burning you,like for example if you have a pan(the one above)the rubber will keep the pan from burning you.