The DNA molecule is a polymer of nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of a nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar (deoxyribose), and a phosphate group.
What structural component is in DNA?
In turn, each nucleotide is itself made up of three primary components: a nitrogen-containing region known as a nitrogenous base, a carbon-based sugar molecule called deoxyribose, and a phosphorus-containing region known as a phosphate group attached to the sugar molecule (Figure 1).
Is DNA composed of repeating units of ribonucleotide?
1 Answer. Explanation : Nucleic acids are repeating units of nucleotides, DNA is formed of the repeating units of deoxyribonucleotides and RNA ts a mixed polymer chain of ribonucleotides.
What composes a nucleotide?
A molecule consisting of a nitrogen-containing base (adenine, guanine, thymine, or cytosine in DNA
adenine, guanine, uracil, or cytosine in RNA), a phosphate group, and a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA
ribose in RNA).
What are the units of DNA?
The basic unit used to make a strand of DNA is called a nucleotide. A single basic unit or “building block” of DNA consists of a sugar , a phosphate group and a base.
What is the monomer of DNA?
The monomers of DNA are called nucleotides. Nucleotides have three components: a base, a sugar (deoxyribose) and a phosphate residue. The four bases are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T).
What is the product of DNA replication?
The result of DNA replication is two DNA molecules consisting of one new and one old chain of nucleotides. This is why DNA replication is described as semi-conservative, half of the chain is part of the original DNA molecule, half is brand new.
What are the two components of DNA?
A DNA molecule has two primary structural domains: the DNA backbone and the DNA bases. Recall that all DNA molecules are made from nucleotides. One nucleotide of a DNA molecule consists of a phosphate group, a pentose (five-carbon) sugar called deoxyribose, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine).
What are the building blocks of DNA?
A nucleotide is the basic building block of nucleic acids (RNA and DNA). A nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule (either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) attached to a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base. The bases used in DNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T).
What do you mean by DNA replication?
DNA replication is the process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. Replication is an essential process because, whenever a cell divides, the two new daughter cells must contain the same genetic information, or DNA, as the parent cell.
How many nucleotides are in DNA?
Each DNA strand is composed of four different units, called nucleotides, that are linked end to end to form a long chain (Figure 2-2). These four nucleotides are symbolized as A, G, C, and T, which stand for the four bases—adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine—that are parts of the nucleotides.
What are the three units of DNA?
DNA is the genetic material present in all living cells except a few viruses. It is made up of nucleotides, which has three components. They are nitrogenous bases, deoxyribose sugar and phosphate. DNA contains four nitrogenous bases adenine, guanine, thymine and cytosine.
What is the smallest unit of DNA called?
Nucleotide: It is the smallest unit of DNA which consists of nucleoside and phosphate groups. It is the monomeric unit of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA, such as Nucleic acid form the genetic material and protein molecules.
What is the monomer of nucleotides?
Nucleotides are monomers of nucleic acids, DNA and RNA . A nucleotide is made up of a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, or uracil), a phosphate group (PO3−4) , and a 5 -carbon sugar.
Why is DNA called a polymer?
Answer and Explanation: DNA is a polymer because it is a bio-molecule that is made up of monomers. The monomers DNA is made up of are called nucleotides.
What are the monomers of DNA and RNA called?
Nucleotides. DNA and RNA are polymers (in the case of DNA, often very long polymers), and are made up of monomers known as nucleotides. When these monomers combine, the resulting chain is called a polynucleotide (poly- = “many”).
What is the product of DNA replication quizlet?
The final product of DNA replication is: two DNA molecules, each of which contains one new and one old DNA strand. The information carried by DNA is incorporated in a code specified by the: specific nucleotide sequence of the DNA molecule.
Where does DNA replication occur?
DNA replication occurs in the interphase nuclei of eukaryotic cells. DNA replication occurs before mitosis at the S-stage (synthesis) of the cell cycle.
Why does DNA replication occur?
Cells must replicate their DNA before they can divide. This ensures that each daughter cell gets a copy of the genome, and therefore, successful inheritance of genetic traits. DNA replication is an essential process and the basic mechanism is conserved in all organisms.
What is backbone of DNA structure?
A sugar-phosphate backbone (alternating grey-dark grey) joins together nucleotides in a DNA sequence. The sugar-phosphate backbone forms the structural framework of nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA. This backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, and defines directionality of the molecule.
What are the building blocks of DNA called quizlet?
DNA is made up of small pieces or building blocks known as nucleotides, which have three components.
What is the building unit of genome?
Each DNA strand is made of four chemical units, called nucleotide bases, which comprise the genetic “alphabet.” The bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).
Why DNA is called building blocks of life?
DNA facilitates building all of the other larger structures necessary for life to function and replicate. Nucleotides are the basic chemical unit in a nucleic acid, which are the building blocks of DNA and RNA (ribonucleic acid).