康德（Kant）等作家认为说谎对公民社会构成了威胁。 有人认为，一个容忍谎言的社会是一个信任受到破坏的社会，随之而来的是集体意识。 在美国，撒谎被认为是道德和法律上的重大失误，对政府的信任可能比在意大利更为宽容。 马基雅维利（Machiavelli）等人过去常常反思信任的重要性。 但是，他还得出结论，在某些情况下，欺骗是最好的选择。 这个怎么可能？ 容忍撒谎的第一类争议较小的案例包括所谓的“白色谎言”。 在某些情况下，撒个小谎比让某人不必要地担心，变得悲伤或失去动力要好。 尽管从康德伦理学的角度来看，这种行为似乎很难得到认可，但它们却是支持后果论的最明确的论据之一。
Writers such as Kant argue that lying is a threat to civil society. Some people believe that a society that tolerates lies is a society whose trust is undermined, followed by collective consciousness. Lying is considered a major moral and legal error in the United States, and trust in the government may be more forgiving than in Italy. Machiavelli and others used to reflect on the importance of trust. However, he also concluded that in some cases deception is the best option. How is this possible? The less controversial first category of tolerance for lying includes the so-called “white lies”. In some cases, it is better to tell a little lie than to cause someone to worry unnecessarily, become sad or lose motivation. Although such behaviors seem difficult to recognize from the point of Kant’s ethics, they are one of the clearest arguments in support of the consequence theory.