Magpie, Pica pica, clutch size, nestling failure, reasons, juvenile, adult survival
The breeding biology of the Magpie (Pica pica) was studied in three European towns: Dublin 1981-1983, Zielona Góra 1984-1987 and Slupsk 1987-1988. Information was gathered on breeding success from 316 nests observed from the ground (162 Zielona Góra, 154 Slupsk), and 115 nests by direct observation of contents (93 Dublin 22 Zielona Góra)
Biology | Medicine and Health Sciences
Kavanagh BP, Jerzak L, Gorski W, International Association for Ecology; Working Group on Granivorous Birds. Factors affecting the breeding performance of the Magpie (Pica pica) in three European cities. In: Pinowski J, Kavanagh BP, Gorski W, editors. Nestling mortality of granivorous birds due to microorganisms and toxic substances. Proceedings of International Symposium of the Working Group on Granivorous Birds, INTECOL; 1989 Sept 14-17; Slupsk, Poland. Polish Scientific Publishers PWN, Warsaw:1991. p 71-82. ISBN 83-01-10476-7
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