What is tonsillitis and how does it manifest in children? How is the acute and chronic form of the disease. Treatment and preventive measures of tonsillitis. Removal of tonsils
Tonsillitis (tonsillitis) - inflammation of the palatine tonsils. Unfortunately, this disease is a frequent phenomenon in children of different ages. The problems caused by tonsillitis require urgent measures, as pathology often acquires a chronic course, which, in turn, leads to a number of serious complications.
The cause of damage to the tonsils are bacteria. In most cases, this is a beta-hemolytic streptococcus and a hemophilic rod. Other microorganisms and viruses rarely become a source of inflammation. Infection spreads by airborne droplets, that is, by sneezing and coughing, from a sick person or carrier of infection, so the disease appears at first sight for no reason.
Symptoms of tonsillitis that occur in children
The first symptoms that betray the disease are:
- Acute onset of inflammation;
- Increased body temperature;
- General weakness;
- Sore throat, worse with swallowing;
- Inflammation of lymph nodes (regional);
- The throat becomes red, swollen, with purulentA touch on the tonsils. In this case, the raid is easy to remove. This is what distinguishes tonsillitis from diphtheria. In some cases, pus is absent. This phenomenon in medicine is called catarrhal inflammation.
Treatment of acute tonsillitis in young children
First of all, you need to consult a specialist. Usually, the doctor prescribes the administration of antibiotics, for example, amoxiclav, fleumoclase or the like.
Severe course of the disease requires treatmentCephalosporins of the first and second generation. In some cases, use macrolides. The main thing is not to engage in self-medication, because this can lead to complications and the transition from acute to chronic.
Along with antibiotics, methods of local action on the tonsils are also used. The most common are antiseptic aerosols (tantumverde, hexoral, miramistin, stopangin, etc.).
Chronic tonsillitis in children
Mainly chronic form of the diseaseAcquires after a sore throat. The transition is also facilitated by factors such as regular inflammation of the nasal region, including the paranasal sinuses, oropharynx, as well as bacteria from the carious teeth.
Exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis is observed inAverage twice or thrice a year. In the lacunae of the palatine tonsils, a lot of pus accumulates (purulent-caseous stoppers), the basis of which are dead microbes. When the tonsils are filled with pus, they cease to function as an immune organ and are more likely to be the source of infection.
The main symptoms of chronic inflammation in children:
- Frequent sore throats;
- Unpleasant odor from the mouth;
- Discomfort when swallowing;
- Deviations from the central nervous system (irritability, tearfulness, poor performance, poor sleep);
- A prolonged subfebrile condition is possible (up to 37.5 degrees);
- Complications in the form of otitis or sinusitis;
- When examined by a doctor, there is an increase in tonsils in size, their loose structure, caseous or purulent plugs;
- Submandibular and cervical lymph nodes are enlarged;
- Possible fatigue, pain in the joints and the heart, sometimes violations in the work of the cardiovascular and genitourinary systems, as well as the central nervous system.
Than tonsillitis (chronic) in children is dangerous
This disease often leads to complications,For example, to rheumatism, which, as is known, affects the heart, vessels and joints. Perhaps the development of purulent inflammation of the tissues of the oropharynx, lungs, middle ear (with hearing loss). Sometimes allergic diseases are aggravated, as well as renal pathology.
Than and how to treat chronic tonsillitis in children
Given that this infection is oftenProvokes the development of other pathologies, treatment should appoint only a qualified specialist, that is, a doctor. In general, the course consists of a number of activities of various orientations, which we will consider below.
A good, stable effect is observed whenRegular fulfillment of hardening procedures, gymnastics and physical therapy. To the process of hardening are treated with extreme caution, because such measures require a correct, serious approach.
Under hardening is understood the change in the life of the baby,Including the daily routine, the alternation of work and rest, the intensity of training, a healthy full-fledged sleep, wearing comfortable clothes suitable for the season, made of natural fabrics, physical activity, outdoor games. Much attention is paid to the diet, as well as the quality of food. The diet of a sick child should be varied, saturated with vitamin products.
Daily walks are recommended, despiteThe weather. Especially welcome trips to the countryside. In addition, it is necessary to minimize the child's contact with household chemicals. Hardening is carried out systematically, taking into account age, concomitant diseases and household factors.
With an exacerbation of the inflammatory processIt is advisable to irrigate the tonsils with a variety of disinfectants. Usually they are realized in the form of aerosols and solutions. It is also possible to take tablets for resorption, which have an antiseptic and antimicrobial effect.
Chronic tonsillitis does not exclude treatmentAntibiotics. They are appointed based on the results of inoculation. In some cases, bacteriophages are used. Tonsillitis, as mentioned above, is an inflammatory process, so antibiotics and antiseptics are a necessary measure.
Antibacterial drugs are prescribed onlyAfter receiving the results of bacteriological examination of the smear, which is taken from the tonsils. The analysis allows to identify the pathogen and, accordingly, to select an antibiotic that acts on the type of microbes detected.
Sometimes physiotherapeutic procedures are also prescribed, for example, ultrasound, UHF and ultrasonic UV irradiation.
It is desirable to teach the baby to rinse your mouth,Which must be done after each meal. To do this, a variety of medicinal plants from which prepare decoctions - chamomile, bark of oak, hips.
Well-established infusion of the root of the althea. To cook it, you need 2 tbsp. L. (Preferably dry) and 500 ml of hot water. The ingredients are mixed and allowed to stand for overnight, and before use, the solution is filtered.
Unfortunately, the treatment of chronic tonsillitis in children is not always effective. In some cases it is necessary to resort to the removal of tonsils - tonsillectomy.
Indication for the operation: Prolonged intoxication, affecting the organs and systems of the body, which appeared against the background of tonsillitis, purulent inflammation of the oropharyngeal tissues, the lack of positive results of treatment (more than 2 angina per year), tonsilogenous sepsis, the defeat of only one tonsil of malignant genesis. In the future, regular rest at sea resorts is recommended.
Contraindications: Blood diseases with hemorrhages, cardiovascular pathologies with severe heart failure, renal failure, severe diabetes mellitus with ketonuria, active tuberculosis, the presence of an acute infectious disease.
Among the temporary contraindications: the presence of carious teeth and the recently passed angina.
Prophylaxis of tonsillitis in children
Since this disease is quite dangerous forChildren's health, the best option is to prevent it. The package of measures includes several simple measures that will help a child not to catch an infection or easily transfer it:
- Adequate treatment of the acute stage of the disease. In this case, you can forget about the chronic form;
- The preventive course of sanation of the tonsils shouldPerform 2 weeks after acute tonsillitis. In this case, various solutions are used, for example, iodine, gramicidin or tannin, mixed with glycerin;
- Seasonal courses of vitamin therapy are recommended;
- A good effect brings air baths, wiping and dousing with water, as well as systemic throat rinsing.
Chronic tonsillitis is the focus of infection, which depletes the immune system and very often leads to complications.
In addition, the disease can provokeSevere condition in people with immunosuppression (oppressed immunity). Therefore, one should take seriously the pain in the throat and treat them without fail, because they can be very dangerous, especially for children.