Brain lobes : The human brain is not only one of the most important organs of the human body, but also the most complex, and cerebral cortex is the part that gives the human qualities of human and distinguish it with reason, personality, language and awareness, as well as thinking, imagination and movement.
Learn The Lobes of the Brain
It is the most superficial part of the brain and can be divided into six lobes each with its location and function. Each bump on the brain surface is known as the gyrus, while each groove is known as the pupil. The brain lobes were classified as purely anatomical, but they were linked to different brain functions. The terminal brain (brain), the largest part of the human brain, is divided into two halves, as well as the cerebellum.
But in general, the term “brain lobes” refers to the terminal brain. Although there are specific functions for each part of the brain, most activities require coordination between many parts of the brain hemispheres. Anatomy of the brain is divided into 6 lobes
Tasks and Functions of Brain Lobes
1- Functions of The frontal lobe
The frontal lobe has many functions, most of which are focused on regulating social behavior. Of which:
- Cognition, problem solving and thinking
- Development of motor skills
- Parts of speech
- Control of emotions
- Organization of emotions
- Regulation of sexual desire
It is common to injure the frontal lobe more than other brain lobes because it is located at the front of the skull. Injuries often result in personality changes, difficulty controlling sexual drives, and other behaviors of haste and risk.
2- Functions of The parietal lobe
The parietal lobe has many functions including sensation, perception and spatial thinking. Such as:
- Sensor pain, pressure and touch
- Organizing and equipping the five senses
- Visual and motor perception
- the speech
- Optical recognition
- Cognition and information processing
3-Functions of Temporal lobe
The first function of the temporal section is the processing of auditory sounds. Other functions include:
- Visual and verbal memory configuration.
- Explanation of smells and sounds.
4- Functions of Limbic lobe
This part of the brain is responsible for transferring short-term memories to long-term memory. Patients with epileptic foci in the amygdala of the temporal lobe usually have complex partial seizures, characterized by uncontrollable emotions, autonomy, cognitive impairment, and emotional dysfunction. Sometimes, patients have personality changes, characterized by philosophical religiosity, acquisition, sexual changes and long-term memory changes. Ulcerative hallucinations may also occur and hypergraphia (overwhelming desire to write).
5- Functions of Insular cortex
Isolated cortex is part of the cerebral cortex folded in the depth of the lateral sulcus (the cleft separating the temporal lobe from the parietal lobe and the frontal vertebrae).
It is believed to be involved in human consciousness and play a role in various functions that are usually associated with feelings or regulating balance in the body. These functions include cognition, movement control, self-awareness, cognitive performance, and personal experience. That is, they are involved in pathological psychology. It combines sensory and involuntary information from the gut, involved in pain processes, sensation of temperature, and possibly taste. It is also important for certain functions in the language where patients are shown to be trapped when isolated cortex is injured.
6- Functions of Occipital lobe
The occipital lobe is the visual center of the brain in mammals, containing most of the anatomical region of the visual cortex
Primary visual cortex injuries lead to a form of central blindness called Anton syndrome. The patient becomes unable to recognize objects by sight.
Damage that involves the occipital lobe can cause visual hallucinations, often consisting of lines or grids of color on the visual field corresponding to the affected side. Other functions of the occipital section:
- Spatial visual processing
- Recognize movement and color
- Lateral occipital lesions are less likely to be protected by the skull. However, extreme damage can lead to a variety of visual problems including loss of color recognition, visual hallucinations, problems in perceiving objects, and difficulty in understanding language.