The regular Hackaday reader might remember the iClicker from our previous coverage of the classroom quiz device, or perhaps you even had some first hand experience with it during your university days. A number of hackers have worked to reverse engineer the devices over the years, and on the whole, it’s a fairly well understood system. But there are still a few gaps in the hacker’s map of the iClicker, and for some folks, that just won’t do.
[Ammar Askar] took it upon himself to further the state of the art for iClicker hacking, and has put together a very detailed account on his blog. While most efforts have focused on documenting and eventually recreating how the student remotes send their responses to the teacher’s base station, he was curious about looking at the system from the other side. Specifically, he wanted to know how the base station was able to push teacher-supplied welcome messages to the student units, and how it informed the clients that their answers had been acknowledged.
He started by looking through the base station’s software update tool to find out where it was downloading the firmware files from, a trick we’ve seen used to great effect in the past. With the firmware in hand, [Ammar] disassembled the AVR code in IDA and got to work piecing together how the hardware works. He knew from previous group’s exploration of the hardware that the base station’s Semtech XE1203F radio is connected to the processor via SPI, so he started searching for code which was interacting with the SPI control registers.
This line of logic uncovered how the radio is configured over SPI, and ultimately where the data intended for transmission is stored in memory. He then moved over to running the firmware image in simavr. Just like Firmadyne allows you to run ARM or MIPS firmware with an attached debugger, this tool allowed [Ammar] to poke around in memory and do things such as simulate when student responses were coming in over the radio link.
At that point, all he had to do was capture the bytes being sent out and decode what they actually meant. This process was complicated slightly by the fact the system uses to use its own custom encoding rather than ASCII for the messages, but by that point, [Ammar] was too close to let something like that deter him. Nearly a decade after first hearing that hackers had started poking around inside of them, it looks like we can finally close the case on the iClicker.
9 thoughts on “Solving The Final Part Of The IClicker Puzzle”
In Circuit Limiter (ICL) opponents “Ick!”
IC Licker: a really slow method of decapping a chip.
The world may never know how many licks it takes to get to the center.
Its a process you do when you get new parts to prevent your other lab mates from using them
And? Does it help? :-)
Now it’s essentially a web service and smartphone app. Students pay a subscription, enroll in the webapp and submit responses during class using the phone.
Wait, what? Students _pay_ to take part in some classroom quiz?
cant tell if sarcasm or not… not many countries offer free post secondary education, so the majority of students pay to take part in classroom quizes (through enrolement tuition). The difference is now there is an extra “service” cost to participate in the classes, businesses have figured out that academia is a gold mine just ripe to tap into due to a lack of regulations and the societal belief that a post secondary education always leads to great careers, that causes parents, educators and peers to pressure young individuals into spending beyond their current means (on the gamble of being able to pay it off later). There are extra fees and services tacked on for all sorts of things now a days, some mandatory (like this clicker thing) and the rest are always opt out, you should see the list of all the fees that current students have to pay.
No sarcasm at all. I do understand the idea of paid education (even though in my former-eastern-bloc country the universities are government-funded and basically free). What I don’t understand is how someone decided that forcing students to buy some devices and/or paid subscriptions to make _teachers’_ lives easier is okay. Unfortunately most of my knowledge about the US comes from movies and TV shows, so maybe I should have watched more teen drama? Again, no sarcasm, really.
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