Presentation on theme: "REFERENCE TECHNIQUES BEDEE1-V RIS WORKSHOP By Madely du Preez Hannalie Knoetze And Mabel Minishi-Majanja."— Presentation transcript:
REFERENCE TECHNIQUES BEDEE1-V RIS WORKSHOP By Madely du Preez Hannalie Knoetze And Mabel Minishi-Majanja
CITING SOURCES When using ideas or arguments of other authors or present facts obtained from their works, we must cite the sources where these ideas and facts were found. A List of References is a combined list of all the sources cited in one document. This is also known as a Bibliography or a List of Sources A list including sources that were consulted but not cited, it is a List of Sources Consulted.
CITING SOURCES Continued Sources are cited by: Clearly identifying the SOURCE (author and work) in which the facts, ideas or arguments were found. Precisely stating where (on which PAGE of the source) the material was found. The technique of referring to sources is called reference techniques.
CITING SOURCES (continued) Different types of sources are described using different methods. The referencing method used by the Dept of Environmental Education, Unisa, is known as the Harvard method.
CITING BOOKS Books are separately published monographs A reference for a book includes the following elements (in this order): Author(s) name(s) and initials Date of publication Title of the book (underlined / italics) Edition Place of publication: Publisher.
CITING BOOKS Title page Finding your way in QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Elizabeth Henning With Wilhelm van Rensburg And Brigitte Smit Van Schaik Publishers
CITING BOOKS Verso of Title page Published by Van Schaik Publishers 1064 Arcadia Street, Hatfield, Pretoria All rights reserved Copyright 2004 No PART OF THIS BOOK MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY ELECTRONIC OR MECHANICAL MEANS …. First edition 2004 ISBN 0 627 02545 5 Commissioning editor Leanne Martini Production manager Ernst Schlatter Editorial coordinator Julia Read
CITING BOOKS Completed citation: Henning, E, Van Rensburg, W & Smit, B. 2004. Finding your way in qualitative research. Pretoria: Van Schaik.
CITING BOOKS What happens when there are more than 3 authors? Give the name of the first author only followed by (et al). What happens if the book does not have a publication date? [nd] or [19--?] or [20--?]
CITING BOOKS GROUP ACTIVITY ECOLOGICAL LITERACY Educating our children for a sustainable world By Michael K Stone And Zenobia Barlow 3 rd edition San Francisco University of California 2005.
CITING COLLECTED WORKS A Composite book or collected work is a book that consists of a number of chapters that were written by different authors. This book will have an editor or compiler. The citation will now have a title entry.
CITING COLLECTED WORKS Title page Global perspectives in environmental adult education Edited by Darlene E. Clover With the assistance of Sandra Tan. New York Lang Books c2004
CITING COLLECTED WORKS Citation Global perspectives in environmental adult education. 2004. Edited by DE Clover with the assistance of S Tan. New York: Lang Books.
CITING COLLECTED WORKS ACTIVITY Environmental education Some South African perspectives Editor: C.P. Loubser Pretoria Van Schaik 2005
CITING A CHAPTER FROM A BOOK When citing a chapter in a collected work each reference should include the following elements: Author(s) name(s) and initials Date of publication of the book Title of chapter as it appears in the book Title of collected work as it appears on the title page Editor(s) name(s) and initials Place of publication Publisher Page numbers on which the chapter appears (both beginning and end page numbers)
CITING A CHAPTER FROM A BOOK Chapter 2 Re-invigorating Pastoralist Environmental Practices Through Collective Learning A Case study of Nomadic Ethnic Groups of Northern Kenya By Rosa Muraguri-Mwololo This chapter constitutes of a case study of nomadic ethnic groups of Northern Kenya …. 23 (this chapter concluded on page 40)
CITING A CHAPTER FROM A BOOK Muraguri-Mwololo, R. 2004. Re-invigorating pastoralist environmental practices through collective learning: a case study of nomadic ethnic groups of Northern Kenya, in Global perspectives in environmental adult education / edited by DE Clover with the assistance of S Tan. New York: Lang Books:23-40
CITING A CHAPTER FROM A BOOK - ACTIVITY Chapter 8 Women, Literacy, and environmental Adult Education in Sudan By Salwa B Tabiedi. This chapter appears on pages 71-84 of Global perspectives in environmental adult education / edited by Darlene E. Clover with the assistance of Sandra Tan. It was published in 2004 in New York by Lang Books.
CITING A THESIS A Thesis or dissertation reports on personal research and is written as part of a university degree. A thesis is not a published information source. A citation of a thesis will include the following: Authors name and initials Date of publication Title (not in italics or underlined) Degree University
CITING A THESIS TITLE PAGE An evaluation of the implementation of the School environmental policy and management plan in schools in Mpumalanga By Aletha Maria de Lange D.ED Thesis University of South Africa 2004
CITING A THESIS De Lange, AM. 2004. An evaluation of the implementation of the School environmental policy and management plan in schools in Mpumalanga. Thesis (D.Ed) – University of South Africa.
CITING A THESIS ACTIVITY Household participation in domestic waste disposal and recycling in the Tshwane Metropolitan Area An environmental education perspective By Agnes Jonton Kamara M.Ed Thesis University of South Africa 2006
CITING OTHER ELECTRONIC PUBLICATIONS An electronic publication or a website also contains published information. A citation of an electronic publication will include the following: Author (if available) Date website was created Title of website (in italics) URL Date accessed
International Monetary Fund (IMF). 2000. Globalization: Threat or Opportunity? Available: http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/ib/2000/ 041200.htm#ll (accessed 22 July 2002). http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/ib/2000/ 041200.htm#ll
CITING OTHER ELECTRONIC PUBLICATIONS Accenture, Markle & UNDP. 2001. Creating a development dynamic: final report of the digital opportunity initiative. Available: http://www.opt- init.org/framework.onepage/onepage.html#2-2-2-html (accessed 2 August 2004).http://www.opt- init.org/framework.onepage/onepage.html#2-2-2-html Association of African Universities (AAU). 2000. ICTs in higher education institutions in Africa: annex 4; summary of on-line discussions at the Technical Experts meeting on the use and application of ICTs in higher education institutions in Africa, 17-19 May 2000 at the University of Dar-es-Salaam. Available: http://www.aau.org/english/documents/aau-ictreport- toc.html (accessed 7 May 2002). http://www.aau.org/english/documents/aau-ictreport- toc.html
CITING OTHER ELECTRONIC PUBLICATIONS - ACTIVITY
Solutions to activities Environmental education: some South African perspectives. 2005. Editor, CP Loubser. Pretoria: Van Schaik. Global perspectives in environmental adult education 2004. Edited by DE Clover with the assistance of S Tan. New York: Lang Books. Golden, DS. 2002. The blind men and the earth: an environmental parabale. Harvard International Review, 24(3). http://hir.harvard.edu/articles/1076/. Also available: Intelligence, 24(3), 2002 (Accessed:23 June 2006). Kamara, AJ. 2006. Household participation in domestic waste disposal and recycling in the Tshwane Metropolitan Area: an environmental education perspective. Thesis (M.Ed.) – University of South Africa. Muraguri-Mwololo, R. 2004. Re-invigorating pastoralist environmental practices through collective learning: a case study of nomadic ethnic groups of Northern Kenya, in Global perspectives in environmental adult education / edited by DE Clover with the assistance of S Tan. New York: Lang Books
Solutions to activities (Continued) Stone, MK & Barlow, Z. 2005. Ecological literacy: educating our children for a sustainable world. 3 rd ed. San Francisco: University of California. Tabiedi, SB. 2004. Women, literacy and environmental adult education in Sudan, in Global perspectives in environmental adult education / edited by DE Clover with the assistance of S Tan. New York: Lang Books:71-84. Theron, K. 2006. Fish heads are good for children. Science in Africa: Africas First Online Science Magazine, (49). Online: http://www.scienceinafrica.co.za (Accessed:23 June 2006) http://www.scienceinafrica.co.za Wildlife and Environment Society of South Africa (WESSA). 2005. Celebrating 80 years of environmental education. Available: http://www.wildlifesociety.org.za/ (Accessed: 24 June 2006) http://www.wildlifesociety.org.za/