Meaning ‘land of beautiful horses’ in ancient Persian, Cappadocia is best characterized by its distinct landscape. The bizarre, almost lunar-like geological formations, hidden caves, and underground cities give this land-bound region of Turkey an air of mystery. Wandering among the famous ‘fairy chimneys’ or peeking into Christian churches carved into rock, Cappadocia calls to the curious traveler wanting to bring back tales of the once powerful region called Asia Minor. Cappadocia without a doubt is a place that leaves its visitors with a magical and unforgettable impression of the landscape and culture of today’s Central Anatolia.
Unique geological landscape
Preserved natural environment
Diverse cultural aspects
Aside from the prehistoric people who lived in the region, the first known inhabitants were Hittites, an Indo-European people who dominated the region from about 2000 BC to 1200 BC, during which time there were considerable dealings and trade with Assyrians and Egyptians. Conquered by various rulers, including the Phrygian King Midas and later Alexander the Great, the region, although effectively independent, was prey to a series of squabbling between Persian, Macedonian, Pontic, and even Armenian kings. By 200 BC, Cappadocia was under Roman rule and subsequently part of the Byzantine Empire. By the 4th century, Christianity had a strong influence on the region. For the next thousand years, Cappadocia became a center for Christian monks -- hence the numerous monasteries and churches throughout the area. By the 1400s, the Ottoman Turks had gained control of the region and Cappadocia remained under the Ottoman Empire until after WW1, at which time Cappadocia became part of the modern Republic of Turkey.