Wi-Fi:The Glue of the Internet of Things (IoT)
By Ryan Goh, Vice President and General Manager, Zebra Technologies, Asia Pacific
The term “Industry 4.0”, also known as the “fourth industrial revolution”, was coined by Germany in 2011, in a bid to promote computerization of machine manufacturing. After merely four years, Industry 4.0 has transcended the imaginary realm to become a reality in our daily lives. Driven by the “Internet of Things” (IoT), the full realization of Industry 4.0 calls for a ubiquitous and standardized connection to transmit data amongst the machines, from machines to people, and vice versa. Through this article I wish to explore how Wi-Fi acts as the glue that connects all these “things” together.
Need for a Standardized Technology and Scalability
At the core of IoT are millions of devices that transmit data to centralized systems. This information may be variables ranging from humidity and temperature, to the location of people, or movement of goods. The captured information is then transferred to the cloud or other devices (“things”) to be exchanged or analyzed.
Connectivity plays a critical role in the success of connecting devices together, and the options today are plenty: Wi-Fi, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), RFID, NFC, just to name a few. Determining which solution to adopt is dictated by several factors, including the environmental (i.e. presence of concrete, wood, metal), the density of sensors, desired range of connection, and speed.
Amongst all, Wi-Fi has shown to holdthe highest success rate providing the connection for IoT – acting as the glue that brings devices together.
With an exploding number of – potentially infinite – nodes that need to be connected, the coverage and capacity of connecting devices will have to be increased rapidly. And the 802.11ac standard is capable of addressing this demand.
Need for Speed
It took six years for the industry to move from the earlier 802.11n standard to today’s 802.11ac networks. It may seem like eternity in technology, but it was well worth the wait. The biggest benefit of the 802.11acstandard is its unprecedented speedon the 5 GHz band - “more than 10 times the speed that was previously standardized”, which improves wireless local area network (WLAN) user experience by many folds. On both 2.4 and 5 GHz bands, 802.11ac is also able to support up to 100 users each.
At the same time, networks need to be 1) scalable to cope with increased demand; 2) versatile to connect different devices and operating systems; and 3) highly secure to protect corporate data.Your wireless system needs to cope with growing demand for speed and capacity. And it must deliver the same performance – in terms of reliability and security – as a wired network.
The 802.11ac standard enables more efficient spectrum use, high capacity, and reduced latency. This standard is particularly good for devices with limited antennas, such as smart phones or tablets. It is predicted that, by 2018, 802.11ac access points will replace all legacy 802.11n systems.
Need for Security and Privacy
According to Juniper Research, the IoT is estimated to reach approximately 38 billion “connected (autonomous) things” by 2020. But the sheer number of connections between/among devices means it is almost impossible for system administrators to keep an eye on every communication – increasing the vulnerability of malicious attacks.
In many industries that have started utilizing IoT, information is being transmitted without deliberate intervention. For example, in manufacturing, forklift operator data can be transferred to the server without requiring the driver to download the data after each shipment. This would demand that the endpoints and the network are both adequately protected and secured.
To protect the data, property and privacy of organizations, employees and guests, Wireless Intrusion Protection Systems (WIPS), such as Zebra’s Air Defence, play a critical role in detecting and defending networks from intrusion, and quickly remove any rouge devices on the network. IT managers should pay attention to how fast and the number of threats (or events) their chosen solution is able to handle in case of security breaches.
The Future for Wireless Networks and IoT
A recent survey conducted by Zebra Technologies in conjunction with Forrester – aggregating results from retail, hospitality, and transportation and logistics (T&L) sectors in the United States and Europe – showed that more than 60% of them are in the process of expanding or planning to implement technology to tap into IoT; among them, more than 50% have recently refreshed their wireless infrastructure to prepare for new devices and services.And Asia-Pacific companies will undoubtedly follow this path.
Looking at the upward demand forIoT, as well as the features and abilities of Wi-Fi, it is clear that Wireless is the glue that brings everything together. The industry will continue to see breakneck developments of IoT applications in multiple industries, and the role of Wi-Fi will continue to be instrumental to every connected world and be increasingly important in years to come.