The challenge of providing adequate food, shelter, health care, and education for those living in poverty throughout the world is formidable. More than a billion people live in extreme poverty. The situation of children in many countries is critical as a result of poverty, armed conflicts, displacement, and economic and sexual exploitation. National and international mechanisms and programs for the defense and protection of children should be strengthened in line with the provisions of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, which has been ratified by almost every country in the world.
The Convention on the Rights of the Child is just one of the major advances that have been made in the legislative and normative field since the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. Legitimacy has been secured for the principle that human rights are universal and indivisible. Now we must move on from standard-setting to full implementation. That applies as strongly to economic, social, and cultural rights and the right to development as it does to civil and political rights. Democracy and political freedom cannot flourish without also ensuring basic standards of food, clean water, health care, and education for all.
There is growing support for a rights-based approach to development which sees the attainment of the basic necessities of life as fundamental human rights to which we are all entitled. This will be especially important as we face new challenges—for example, globalization, which holds out great opportunities but also potential problems for poorer countries.
I do not believe that human rights for all is an impossibly idealistic goal. We are closer to attaining that goal than ever before. It can be achieved, provided there is sufficient political will and that all of the actors involved—governments, development and financial institutions, businesses, nongovernmental organizations, and human rights defenders—work together to accomplish it.