The carbonaceous particles are the main source of the light absorption in atmospheric aerosol. Different from the case in tissue-like turbid media, the light absorption in atmospheric environments can be described as an inherent attribute on scatterers rather than an interstitial propagation effect. In this paper, we simulated the optical absorption due to carbonaceous scatterers and analyzed the influence of various parameters on their polarization properties, such as the imaginary part refractive index, the size and shape. Also we compare these results with our previous research work on absorption effect in ambient medium. For the single scattering, the polarization scattering angular distribution implies the potential of distinguishing different carbonaceous particles with different structural and absorption parameters. In the other hand, for the week scattering case of suspension system, using the backward Mueller matrix polar decomposition method, we can find out that the additional absorption effect on carbonaceous particles can enhance their depolarization and moreover produce more diattenuation and linear retardance for those anisotropic particles. The subsequent experiments of standard samples show a good agreement with simulation results. The paper further studies the phase function of single scattering and the distribution of scattering numbers, which can explain these unique polarization scattering phenomena. We hope these fundamental results can help to investigate how to identify the carbonaceous particles and characterize their optical features from the atmospheric hybrid suspension system.