The social and political system in use in Francein the 1770s, called the ___, had been in place since the Middle Ages.
A financial crisis, brought on in part by excessive spending and huge gambling losses by ___, resulted in forcing ___to call the ___ into session for the first timein 175 years.
Estates-General; Louis XVI; Marie Antoinette
The delegates of the ___, who represented 98 % of the French population, felt they should have as much say in the decision-making process as the ___ and the ___combined.
First Estate; Second Estate; Third Estate
Although not a member of the Third Estate, ___was a spokesman for this group who recommended that its delegates should name themselves the ___ and pass laws and make reforms in the name of the French people.
Old Regime; National Assembly
When Third Estate delegates wre forced to find a new meeting place, they made a pledge, called the ___, to continue their meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution.
Tennis Court Oath
The noblemen of the ___and the clergy of the ___were forced by the king to join the National Assembly.
First Estate; Second Estate
Expecting trouble, ___called up mercenary troops. This action caused a rebellion that fueled a widespread emotional reaction called the ___.
Louis XVI; Great Fear
This person wrote a strong response to "A Declaration of hte Rights of Man and of the Citizen" because it did not give the same rights to women that it gave to men.
Olympe de Gouges
This person claimed it was possible to build a "republic of virtue" by means of what came to be known as the Reign of Terror.
This was invented to further humane goals, though often used in contradiction to such goals.
Just before being beheaded, this person suggested that his severed head would be "well worth seeing".
Out of fear for their own safety, members of this group finally put an end to the Reign of Terror.
At first, in an attempt to appear to be a constitutionally chosen leader, Napoleon held a vote of the people or "plebiscite". T or F
As part of his reform program, Napoleon set up lycees, or "national banks". T or F
False, public school
To restore good relations between France and the Roman Catholic Church, Napoleon and the pope signed a "concordat", or agreement. T or F
In Eqypt and later in the Battle of "Saint Dominque", Napoleon suffered rare military defeats at the hands of the same man, British Admiral Horatio Nelson. T or F
In 1806, Napoleon attempted to make Europe more self-sufficient throught the use of what he termed the ___.
Great Britian responded with a ___ against France, which became the major cause of a war between Great Britian and the United States.
Because Portugal refused to honor the ___, Napoleon sent an army through Spain to invade Portugal.
French actions in Spain let to armed resistance by ___and a long and draining conflict called the ___.
guerrillas; Peninsular War
In 1812, Napoleon and 400,000 troops encountered severe difficulties as a result of the ___ used by the Russian leader in response to France's invasion.
After suffering defeat at he hands of King Frederick III of Prussia and ___ of Russia, Napoleon was exiled to the island of ___.
Elba; Czar Alexander I
After escaping from exile, Napoleon gathered volunteers from the French countryside and seized power from ___.
King Louis XVIII
Napoleon's last bid for power, called ___, ended with his defeat at the ___.
Hundred Days; Battle of Waterloo
The person most responsible for the accomplishments of the Congress of Vienna was ___.
Prince Klemens von Metternich of Austria
The accomplishments of the Congress of Vienna included all of the following EXCEPT___.
signing the alliances that made up the Concert of Europe
The actions of the Congress of Vienna helped to generate and independence movement in ___.
As a result of actions taken by the Congress of Vienna, the monarchy was restored on the basis of "legitimacy" in ___.
He was the priest who issued the Grito de Dolores, a call for a peasant rebellion in Mexico.
This term was used in Latin America to describe people of mixed European and Indian ancestory.
After winning independence for Argentina and Chilie, he gave up command of his army.
Jose de San Martin
This term was used in Latin America to describe people of mixed European and African ancestory.
He led his forces against the Spanish army in the Battle of Ayacucho, the last major battle in the Spanish colonies' war for independence.
In the first half of the 1800s, which of the following was most likely to be a political liberal?
a middle-class merchant
Which event did Otto von Bismarck use to gain support from Germans in the south?
the Franco-Prussian War
Which of the following is largely identified with the artistic movement known as romanticism?
the Gothic novel
In the first practical process of reproducing photographs for books on what were the photographs printed?
Which of the following descriptions is accurate for Goethe, Chopin, Coleridge, and Constable?
Each of the following is properly matched with the artistic movement to which he or she contributed EXCEPT___.