Grounding of electrical equipment:
Equipment grounding is the interconnection and bonding of non-electrical conducting material that either encloses, or is adjacent to, electrical power conducting components. Its purpose is to reduce electrical shock hazards and provide freedom from fire currents, arcs, or bolted faults. To attain this, the grounding conductor circuit shall be designed, and be properly installed, to present a sufficiently low impedance path to ground fault currents.
Bonding ensures a continuity of grounding throughout the system. Electrically conductive materials such as metal water piping, metal gas piping and structural steel members that are likely to become energized, are bonded to provide a low- impedance path for clearing ground faults.
Electrical System Grounding:
Systems are solidly grounded to limit the voltage to ground during normal operation and to prevent excessive voltage due to lightning, line surges or unintentional contact with higher voltage lines and stabilize the voltage to ground during normal operation.
1. Ufer Grounding
2. Cold water pipe
3. Grounding Rod
4. Building steel