What is story?
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What Does story Mean
The story is the social science that is responsible for studying the past of mankind . On the other hand, the word is used to define the historical newspaper that begins with the appearance of writing and even to refer to the past itself .
Some examples where the term appears: "A history expert assured that the first stable inhabitants of the island were smugglers" , "My relationship with Johanna is already history" , "The Spanish player scored a goal that will remain in the history of the competition » .
The Great Sphinx of Giza and the Pyramids of Giza, a place steeped in history
The ways in which history studies the transcendent events of the life of humanity can be synchronous (from the same era), relating events from the same era with evolutions or consequences in the human species, or diachronic (from different eras), analyzing previous events that may be causes or later that are the consequence of an event or something concerning the species itself. Scientists who specialize in history are called historians .
Two approaches can also be mentioned in the field of study of history: the classic (which takes history as the period that arose from the development of writing) and the multiculturalist (which considers that history encompasses the stages in which it is possible to achieve a reliable reconstruction of the events that affect social evolution).
According to classical history, events that took place before the historical period belong to prehistory , while those events located in the transition period between prehistory and history are part of protohistory .
As things are not shown in a deterministic way in the social sciences , due to a lack of verification only possible in the exact sciences, the phenomena of history can be analyzed from multiple perspectives and even show mutually contradictory facts. And just as history cannot analyze the past deterministically, neither can it predict the future of humanity from empirical data. With all this we can say that to carry out a historical analysis the freedom of each individual within the social group being studied must be taken into account.
Other related concepts
It is important to clarify that despite the fact that certain concepts that are involved in history, are absolutely different from it and should not be confused with each other, these are: historiography (which includes the procedures and techniques that allow a description of a fact already happened), historiology (intended to explain how historical events happened) and history itself (that is, the events that actually took place). In these three concepts (history, historiography and historiology), we find past events, the science that is dedicated to analyzing them and the corresponding epistemology.
Thanks to the printing press, the story could be turned into books
Types of historical phenomena
The phenomena that history analyzes can be of an economic, political, social, artistic, cultural or religious nature and they differ from each other by being of short, medium or long duration . Those of short duration are specific events, also called events, that occur in a few hours or days, the fall of the twin towers (9/11). It is considered a phenomenon of medium duration, those that are temporary and develop in a period of a few years, such as the First International. Finally, those of long duration are structural and their development can last up to centuries, such is the case of the conflict between Palestine and Israel.
History and its connection with other sciences
History is considered to be a science because it tries to be as objective as possible, to give a demonstrative knowledge of the facts, looking for evidence to support its conclusions. These tests are collected through different methods, which can be highly specialized (state-of-the-art technology developed to extract information from a certain source) or mathematical procedures (statistics, and data that are extracted from society and allow to analyze in the most possible empirical phenomenon).
La sociología considera que el análisis de los fenómenos de la historia debe tener presente algunos factores para desarrollarse, como los sociales y los económicos, los cuales influyen no sólo en la sociedad sino en cada individuo en particular. Además de los factores geográficos, demográficos, sociales y políticos.
La Filosofía de la Historia es una especialización de la filosofía que reflexiona sobre la significación de los hechos que forman parte de la historia de la humanidad. Esta disciplina analiza la posible existencia de un diseño, propósito o finalidad en el proceso histórico.
La historia se relaciona con otras ciencias para llevar a cabo sus conclusiones. Necesita de la geografía para analizar las consecuencias que ciertos fenómenos geográficos pueden obrar en las decisiones de una sociedad, la arqueología para analizar el pasado y entender a partir de él la actualidad y las matemáticas y las estadísticas para contrastar datos que hayan juntado en sus investigaciones.