The history of the tattoo has its roots in the distant past. The most ancient tattoos were discovered during excavations of the Egyptian pyramids. However, there is no evidence that these very tattoos were the very first. There is also evidence that tattoos existed in ancient China, Japan, northern Africa, Peru, northern America, ancient Greece, Rome, Indonesia, Altai, and many other countries.
The causes of the application on the skin are still a mystery. There is an opinion that the first tattoos were applied on the skin not on purpose. Continue reading
Surrealism (from French surrealisme – literally over realism) is a trend in modern bourgeois art, which originated in the early 20s in France. As a characteristic expression of the crisis of capitalist society. Surrealism finds its philosophical foundations in Freud’s subjective idealistic theory. The contradictions that tear apart the bourgeois system, the feelings of horror before the real world, generated by these contradictions among some surrealist painters who have broken away from the people, are embodied by the latter in images that cause aversion to reality, to life. Hence the special interest of the surrealists in the reproduction of nightmares, hallucinations, pathological conditions. Created on the basis of the “principles” of surrealism, the paintings of Salvador Dali are filled with horrors, nightmares, and pessimism. Continue reading
Modernism (from the French moderne modern), the general name of the directions of art and literature of the late 19th and 20th centuries. In a broad sense, it embraces cubism, dadaism, surrealism, futurism, expressionism, abstract art, functionalism, etc. New artistic trends usually expressed themselves as art in the highest degree “modern”, hence the name itself.
At the end of the 19th century, artists, especially impressionists (impressionism), began to organize their own exhibitions, traders began to play an increasing role in popularizing their art. However, for many, the concept of “Modernism” is associated primarily with the 20th century. Continue reading