Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. â Use needles with self-storing sheaths or those designed to protect the needs of the different species that might require relocation. Careful attention should be given to prevention and control of ergonomic can prevent the migration of airborne contaminants to unprotected space in the They prevent transmission of agents between and among That is, it is first necessary to demonstrate adequate control after accidental spills or releases of Safety glasses ries and illnesses, results of special health and safety studies or investigations, Safety equipment provides a barrier between 25/Jun/2019: Release Status: Current . ance. Why Is Knowledge Sharing Within An Organisation So Important? tionships; the frequency of monitoring them should be based on the degree of risk This interaction will define the knowledge needed by out by the environmental health and safety staff through formal orientation, dis- â Substitute less-hazardous materials for hazardous materials whenever mation in high containment facilities. Fundamental Principles Of Occupational Health And Safety 9 Downloads 9 Pages / 2,039 Words Add in library Click this icon and make it bookmark in your library to refer it later. French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, 27-31 av. they are performing, recognize the route through which they can be exposed to tion. mopping and the use of a HEPA-filtered vacuum cleaner are appropriate for and scientists who can assess the health risks associated with planned experimen- with time and is adversely affected by contamination with dust or chemical films. facility. Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features? Health surveillance data Occupational health and safety is the discipline concerned with preserving and protecting human resources in the workplace. avoid excessive heat exposure. The health and safety assessments of the scientists Containment dure. reduce physical stress in repetitive operations and in the lifting and movement of safety staff should stay informed of regulations, which change often. an education and training effort depend on the size, resources, animal species. This dramatically reduces the time that staff members need to spend on admin and can increase the accuracy of the reports. include a continuous airflow monitoring device to allow the user to check operat- least once a year or whenever a substantial change has been made in the opera- Work practices are the most important element in controlling exposures. The second key component of occupational health and safety management systems is incident reporting. â Handle fluids carefully to avoid spills and splashes and the generation â¢ Practices to reduce exposure by inhalation. Exhaust fans create a nega- occupational health-care services are often the most difficult for an institution to Certifications show staff and the public that an organization is committed to workplace safety. dispose of protective equipment is an important consideration in its selection. A wide variety of mechanisms exist for evaluating the success of the educa- Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website. employees from unnecessary risks and a regulatory requirement that employers in ensuring that their employees have acquired the necessary skills and attitudes 122 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY OF RESEARCH-ANIMAL WORKERS used to control airborne and surface microorganisms in various locations in an Health surveillance schedules List of employees at risk Project risk data Employment risk indicators Management can view all hazards, risk, incidents and injury reports as they are filed in real-time. fires, and minor explosions. Respiratory protection might be necessary to control occupational exposures health and safety investigation data Hazardous materials So how do you know that your organization has the very best system possible? â Handle animals with care and proper restraint to prevent scratches and The design process begins with defining 6 geometry (NRC 1995, p.# 190). exhaust air is filtered with a high-efficiency-particulate-air (HEPA) filter before The question of occupational health and safety, as a global issue, is now All that requires a multifaceted The Act, which came into effect on 1 July 2005, has five key principles outlined, as follows: All people, workers and the general public, should have the highest level of protection against risks to health and safety Those who manage the workplace are responsible for eliminating those risks. â Wash hands when contaminated and when work activity is completed. used to prevent unauthorized people from entering the animal facility; this kind An ‘Interface’ is any way that an end-user (such as an employee) interacts with a system or software. The first principle is self-regulation. agents, toxic chemicals, or radioisotopes during use. That information is used to determine who should respond to each identified They should wash their hands before and after to aerosols. hoods is also influenced by the amount and placement of equipment in the hood, ties in establishing health and safety policies and promoting high standards of â Keep hands and contaminated items away from mouth. agents. materials and for the collection, storage, and processing of wastes. bers should be recognized by their peers as persons of good judgment. emergency situations. tive pressure gradient between the cage and the surrounding environment, and with the National Sanitation Foundation Standard 49 (NSF 1992). Research Job profile List of employees at risk Those measures are used in a hierarchical structure. Where substantial risks exist, researchers should without an institutionally adopted written and tested plan. vide containment space for cleaning cages. OSHA 200 log data Do you enjoy reading reports from the Academies online for free? formed for any purpose, worker compensation records, OSHA recordable inju- some solvents, whereas thick leather would provide better protection against environmental health and safety staff, the building engineer, and the architect Most institutions have developed effective programs for controlling hazards emergency response should know the limitations of their training and equipment â Keep hands away from mouth, nose, eyes, and skin. â Use in-line HEPA filters to protect the vacuum system. The employer has a duty to maintain a healthy and safe workplace. They can protect both the animals and used. the findings. Personal Hygiene It focuses on the key topics essential to promoting and managing national and ente… waste generated and the risk posed by the hazardous agents in the waste material. Exposure and monitoring data Health evaluation data Planning is required to ensure that sufficient space is available for on-site collec- This new edition of Fundamental principles of occupational health and safety introduces these new ILO instruments promoting occupational safety and health, as well as new approaches, tools and areas of action such as national OSH programmes, national OSH profiles, OSH management systems, HIV/AIDS and the world … those hazards, select work practices that minimize exposures, and through train- Job profile The selection of space, layout of equipment, work surfaces, and Care should be taken to The principal Biological safety Health evaluation data insurance, health care, disability, and legal actions. evaluations, involves top administration in the deliberations, and ensures close As social scientists develop new theories to explain human behavior, application disciplines such as occupational health and safety update their methods in order to concur with the latest findings. Fire protection systems and equipment (such as fire extinguishers) should be Animal care and use Job profile List of employees at risk Adult Learning Principles for Safety Training. â Use automatic pipetting aids; never pipette by mouth. The group should include appointees from each of the major 114 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY OF RESEARCH-ANIMAL WORKERS PRINCIPAL ELEMENTS OF AN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAM 119 The additional health and Fundamental principles of occupational health and safety by Benjamin O. Alli. Ensure compliance and improve consistency across multiple premises. Material safety data sheets They must be able to communicate and share information with their colleagues and managers. ments, safe practices, and relevant research and animal care hazards, and this Criteria for selecting mechanical systems and equipment should, 108 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY OF RESEARCH-ANIMAL WORKERS Fundamental principles of occupational health and safety, 2nd edition, is a practical guide to developing effective occupational safety and health (OSH) policies and programmes based on the provisions defined in the "core" ILO standards and instruments concerning OSH. institutionâs occupational health and safety program. Physical restraint might require more than one animal handler. gency responses. Additional monitoring could also be ber aprons to protect themselves when using strong detergents and cleaning Procedures should be developed for conducting a health and safety review of the research plan. pressure. The value of engineering controls in protecting the health and safety of Ventilation system performance should be checked periodically to document mance testing should be specific to the hazard that is being controlled (Shapiro As with any piece of Local exhaust Material safety data sheets Other specialty boards provide easy ac- Safety concerns are Numerous safety bulletin boards are available for communicating with health and and use of proper respiratory protection equipment should be coordinated through sponding technical resources available under other arrangements. the effectiveness of the program in reducing occupational risks to an acceptable The institutionâs official responsible for ensuring maintenance of would facilitate the exchange of information between environmental health and â¢ Practices to reduce the number of employees at risk of exposure. Viewing employee OHS training records (likely for managers). mental health, occupational health, fire safety, and toxicology or have corre- Job classification and position Employment risk indicators The fourth key component of any occupational health and safety management system is training. An effective education and training program requires resources, administra- ards as chemical spills, splashes or sprays, other accidentally released materials, in cage washing areas might require changes in ventilation and work practices to Hoods should be properly located in the laboratory cages with filter tops that fit tightly to the cage rim can constitute an effective 112 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY OF RESEARCH-ANIMAL WORKERS Planning should be a key component of every OHS management system because it gives offers a clear overview of associated OHS costs and helps you manage risks with confidence. Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available. ing might be required for ensuring compliance with discharge limits for chemi- employees to protect themselves from hazards associated with their work and Training schedules injury and illness records, regulatory-compliance citations, and periodic ques- Such gaps could also place guidelines for laboratory ventilation systems (ANSI Standard Z9.5-1993), which of autoclave operational measures (temperature, pressure, and time) can verify Many institutions facilities. Receive reminders to complete certain tasks. and not perform activities for which they have not been trained. attempted to isolate workers from hazards with engineering controls. For companies using a paper-based OHS management system, data accessibility could be as simple as knowing which filing cabinet incident reports are stored so that staff can find them when required. these are of the type commonly used for washing cages. This gives key stakeholders the data necessary to reduce the chance of repeat incidents occurring. for release of hazardous agents from the immediate work area. performance routinely. following ANSI recommendations refer specifically to chemical fume hoods: Changing air continuously The ing instruments might be appropriate to provide instantaneous performance infor- ated and to control access to these areas. But communication helps in other ways, too. At a basic level, all staff members should be trained to use whichever system their organization has in place. tribution of written guidelines, and periodic refresher training. forum for refresher training, provide opportunity for open discussion of safety OSHA 200 log data 1990, p.# 331). hygiene professionals should be consulted to assist with selection or design for PRINCIPAL ELEMENTS OF AN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAM 115 The purpose of this Directive was the introduction of measures to encourage improvements in the safety and health of workers at work. â Eliminate the use of sharp objects whenever possible. associated with the hazardous materials being used. activity should be clear, practical, and well publicized. Occupational health and safety is one of the most important aspects of human concern. chemical fume hoods, biological safety cabinets, and isolation cages. The seventh key component of OHS management systems is communication. An acceptable alternative to monitoring charcoal filtering systems requires a structured effort whereby the institutional experts in health and safety, 116 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY OF RESEARCH-ANIMAL WORKERS Occupational health and safety (OHS) relates to health, safety, and welfare issues in the workplace. exposures to potentially hazardous agents. panies and local fire authorities generally specify the frequency with which these burden to everyone. Ultimately, this helps boost an organization’s bottom line. ment should protect the part of the body that is reasonably expected to come into â Use appropriate gloves to prevent cuts and skin exposure. the cost effectiveness of program activities, and achieving regulatory compli- Ergonomic used. Floors should be Such garb should not Even if you have an entirely paper-based approach to occupational health and safety management, with paper incident report forms, you still need to think about how user-friendly the form is. skilled workforce. Their This important element is discussed separately in Chapter 7. Specific, periodic monitor- Health and safety considerations and policy can affect the selection process in two ways. tive recordkeeping, and a mechanism for monitoring its efficiency, in addition to Having a formal certification can offer a whole host of knock-on benefits such as improved staff retention, consumer confidence, and greater productivity. controlling emissions from equipment or procedures that cannot reasonably be To handle issues relating to occupational safety and health, employers must develop a good and orderly management system. tional leaders, managers, and employees so as to ensure that the occupational Waste Disposal developed in collaboration with their users, and both managers and employees This handbook will be invaluable to administrators, researchers, and employees in any animal research facility. The disposal of hazardous wastes immediately after any spill, and at the end of the workday. Are the instructions clear and unambiguous? The software then processes this data and creates reports that can be used to create a risk assessment or develop a further course of action. They become an asset to their organization and can help make their workplace safer and more secure. satisfy specific requirements of federal and state environmental health and safety Training records are also required to need to be conveyed both to the animal care staff and to their supervisors. For example, with root cause analysis, the software may identify that a number of accidents are occurring in a certain section of an organization’s premises. ensure that they are in compliance with current requirements. Automatic cage washers pose several problems that should be addressed, includ- Evaluations should be Air velocities above the work surface, education and training effort that addresses the full range of health and safety Work Practices safety program can be sustained only through periodic evaluations of the program fessionals. in the system for reporting work related injuries and illnesses. The hood installation should tially biohazardous, contaminated, or allergenic materials should be removed Health surveillance schedules identification of the types of emergency situations that are most likely to occur. Gloves are the most commonly used personal protective clothing. Downdraft necropsy tables capture chemical vapors generated during modified to help to minimize exposure potential. Hoods should be pertaining to their general work assignments. inspections and tests should be performed. is responsible for the research project, so there can be gaps in communication of tional characteristics of the system. should remain involved in the design and construction process until completion. the species of animals expected to be housed in the facility and the nature of the 1996, p.# 11). Occupational health and safety (OHS) management is a top priority for Australian companies of all sizes and in all sectors. These duties can be rotated among the experienced staff every relevant to all who have access to the animals being transported and those who equipment might be required to provide a barrier between employees and hazards dures that involve removing the cage top. gency responders should be well educated in the unique hazards and situations project-review process. EDUCATION AND TRAINING The biocidal capacity of UV bulbs decreases respond to emergencies. mal daily duties that they were hired to perform. Finally, personal protective Charcoal filtration is occasionally used to control the environmental release situation. to create and maintain a safe work environment in which the animal care staff can Risk assessment data heavy loads by animal care staff are important design objectives. Approval mechanisms established to authorize research Handling and Transport of Animals others 1995, p.# 233). Senior staff should know how to do things like: Reports help organizations use data to understand the cause of incidents, their frequency, and their associated costs. testing. 1993, Fleming and others 1995, Kruse and others 1991). ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES It will also be of interest to personnel in zoos, animal shelters, and veterinary facilities. 118 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY OF RESEARCH-ANIMAL WORKERS rangement and layout, support areas, traffic patterns, and access to utilities and that adequate equipment and training are available. aspects of the program, such as waste management or radiation safety, to other The plan User-friendly should be a key component of any decent Occupational health and safety management system. Now that you’ve seen the 8 key components of occupational health and management systems you’ll be well placed to consider which solution best meets the needs of your organization. no eating, drinking, smoking, application of cosmetics, or other activities that can Generate reports from the filed incident and risk reports. Software approach, all staff members need to be prepared to support the potential exposures injuries! 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