bisect — Array bisection algorithm
This module provides support for maintaining a list in sorted order without
having to sort the list after each insertion. For long lists of items with
expensive comparison operations, this can be an improvement over the more common
approach. The module is called bisect because it uses a basic bisection
algorithm to do its work. The source code may be most useful as a working
example of the algorithm (the boundary conditions are already right!).
The following functions are provided:
bisect.bisect_left(list, item[, lo[, hi]])
- Locate the proper insertion point for item in list to maintain sorted order.
The parameters lo and hi may be used to specify a subset of the list which
should be considered; by default the entire list is used. If item is already
present in list, the insertion point will be before (to the left of) any
existing entries. The return value is suitable for use as the first parameter
to list.insert(). This assumes that list is already sorted.
bisect.bisect_right(list, item[, lo[, hi]])
- Similar to bisect_left(), but returns an insertion point which comes after
(to the right of) any existing entries of item in list.
- Alias for bisect_right().
bisect.insort_left(list, item[, lo[, hi]])
- Insert item in list in sorted order. This is equivalent to
list.insert(bisect.bisect_left(list, item, lo, hi), item). This assumes
that list is already sorted.
bisect.insort_right(list, item[, lo[, hi]])
- Similar to insort_left(), but inserting item in list after any
existing entries of item.
- Alias for insort_right().
The bisect() function is generally useful for categorizing numeric data.
This example uses bisect() to look up a letter grade for an exam total
(say) based on a set of ordered numeric breakpoints: 85 and up is an ‘A’, 75..84
is a ‘B’, etc.
>>> grades = "FEDCBA"
>>> breakpoints = [30, 44, 66, 75, 85]
>>> from bisect import bisect
>>> def grade(total):
... return grades[bisect(breakpoints, total)]
>>> map(grade, [33, 99, 77, 44, 12, 88])
['E', 'A', 'B', 'D', 'F', 'A']