Washington Square Park
Foremost Among Those Whose Genius and Energy
Established in America and Improved Throughout the World
The Manufacture of Bessemer Steel
This Memorial is Erected by Engineers of Two Hemispheres
Alexander Lyman Holley (1832-1882) was born in Lakeville, Connecticut. His capacity for careful and discriminating observation and his notable drawing talents marked him as an engineer very early in his life. Holley was the first student to graduate from Brown University in engineering, receiving his bachelor of philosophy in 1853. He received fifteen patents and wrote several books and hundreds of articles. Known best for adapting the Bessemer process of steel-making to U.S. needs, Holley had a brilliant and versatile mind. His work immediately brought rapid production to ironworks and rolling mills, along with a high standard of excellence, and his efforts significantly reduced steel prices and enabled unprecedented growth in the industries that moved America forward, including railroads, bridges, and ships.
Among engineers, Holley’s enthusiasm was contagious, his eloquence captivating, and his character commanding. He was practical, aiming to simplify, to facilitate, to save labor, and to economize. Acknowledged as an authority by mechanical, mining, and civil engineers alike, Holley developed ideas and concepts that directly influenced both education and industry for decades beyond his death. Mechanical engineer Charles T. Porter (1826-1910) eulogized his character: “That beaming countenance with sparkling eyes, upon which it was such a joy to look. ...was the outward manifestation of a great soul, instinct with every feeling, that, in the appropriate words of another, can ennoble or can adorn our nature.”
When Holley died in Brooklyn at age 49, he was engaged in bringing the engineers of the world together by shaping the foundations for several professional societies. Three of these societies jointly raised funds and commissioned this memorial: the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) of which he was the “leading spirit” in its founding; the Institute of Mining, Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers (AIME) of which he was a past president; and the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) of which he was a past vice president. Dedicated on October 2, 1890, Holley’s memorial was given to the City of New York by “the engineers of two hemispheres” and was witnessed by an international group including societies from Germany and France.
John Quincy Adams Ward (1830-1910) sculpted the bronze portrait of Holley, which was cast by the Henry-Bonnard Bronze Company of New York in 1889. The bust is mounted on the central pillar of an elaborately carved tripartite pedestal made of Indiana limestone. The pedestal was designed by architect Thomas Hastings (1860-1929). This unusual monument combines the architecture, sculpture, and ornament of the Beaux-Arts style.
In 1999 the Holley monument was conserved and a maintenance endowment established through the Adopt-A-Monument Program. The project was managed as a joint venture of the Municipal Art Society, the City Parks Foundation, Parks & Recreation and the Art Commission of the City of New York. The work was sponsored through contributions from the ASME Council on Public Affairs and ASME Metropolitan Section, AIME, ASCE, and the Steel Service Center Institute. Matching funds were received from Save Outdoor Sculpture! (SOS!), a program jointly sponsored by Heritage Preservation and the National Museum of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, and underwritten by Target Stores and the National Endowment for the Arts.
Alexander Lyman Holley Details
- Location: 5th Avenue at Washington Place
- Sculptor: John Quincy Adams Ward
- Architect: Thomas Hastings
- Description: Bust on a high central stele joined by screens to shorter side steles at right and left, the whole on a plinth resting on a semi-circular step
- Materials: Bronze, Indiana limestone
- Dimensions: Bust H: 3'6"; Central stele H: 9'; Total W: 10'3" D: 3'10"
- Cast: 1889
- Dedicated: 1889
- Donor: Engineering societies: ASME, AIME, and ASCE
- Inscription: HOLLEY /---/ BORN IN LAKEVILLE / CONN., JULY 20TH 1832 / DIED IN BROOKLYN, N.Y. / JANUARY 29TH, 1882 [---] IN HONOR OF / ALEXANDER LYMAN HOLLEY / FOREMOST AMONG THOSE / WHOSE GENIUS AND ENERGY / ESTABLISHED IN AMERICA / AND IMPROVED /THROUGHOUT THE WORLD / THE MANUFACTURE OF / BESSEMER STEEL / THIS MEMORIAL IS ERECTED / BY ENGINEERS / OF TWO HEMISPHERES
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