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9th Grade World History SOL Review
The Hellenic civilization took place in what country?
How did the Greeks spread the Hellenic culture?
trade and conquest
What sea is located east of Greece?
What sea is located south of Greece?
What strait is the entrance to the Black Sea?
What area was located north of Greece and was the home of Alexander the Great?
Why was agriculture limited in ancient Greece?
Hilly, mountainous terrain
To trade one good for another is to do what?
What geographical feature isolated Greek city-states?
mountains and seas
Why did the Greeks colonize outside Greece?
more farm land
The Greeks practiced what kind of religion?
What did Artemis represent?
What did Apollo represent
music and sun
What Greek city-state had an oligarchy?
What did Athena represent?
What did Hera represent?
What did Aphrodite represent?
Greeks practiced barter, but later changed over to what?
Who were Greek citizens?
What responsibilities did Greek citizens have?
pay taxes, serve in military, vote
What city-state had a direct democracy?
Which wars united Athens and Sparta against an external enemy?
What were the 2 main city-states of Greece?
Athens and Sparta
Which Greek city-state had a militaristic and aggressive society?
What was the alliance headed by Athens?
Name 2 battles of the Persian Wars
Marathon, Salamis, Thermopylae
A result of the Persian War was the control of what sea?
What war was caused by competition between Athens and Sparta for control of the Greek world?
Who was Pericles?
leader of Athens during Golden Age
Who rebuilt Athens after the Persian Wars?
What building was rebuilt after the Persian Wars?
What kind of columns are on the Parthenon?
What were the 3 types of Greek columns?
doric, ionian, corinthian
What war made it easier for the Macedoinians to conquer Greece?
Who developed a theory about right triangles?
What Macedonian conquered most of Greece?
Phillip II or Alexander
How was Hellenistic culture spread?
Whoc onquered the Persian Empire and most of the ancient world?
Alexander the Great
What was Hellenistic culture?
What protected Italy from northern invaders?
What protected Italy on all other sides?
What type of religion did Rome follow?
Rome mythology was based on what?
What was the highest Roman social class and who was in it?
Particians, richest and powerful
The majority of Rome's population was what class?
Who were forced by conquest to become servants to the Romans?
Who held citizenship in Rome?
patricians and plebians
What kind of democracy did Rome have?
What were the Twelve Tables?
Roman laws placed in middle of forum
The Punic Wars were between whom?
Carthage and Rome
At the end of the Punic Wars, Rome controlled what sea?
Name 3 causes for the decline of the Roman republic.
1. Rise of private armies 2. civil wars 3. J. Caesar
Who was in the First Triumvirate?
Julius Caesar, Pompey, Crassus
What happened to Julius Caesar?
killed by senate
Who was the first emperor of Rome?
What was the Pax Romana?
200 years of peace established by A. Caesar
What emporer established the Pax Romana?
What is the civil service?
run the day to day stuff
What kind of religion was Christianity?
Name 3 basic beliefs of Christianity.
Jesus is the messiah, son of God, 1 god
What was the goal of the Apostles?
to spread Christianity
What were the Apostles?
12 closest disciples
What was the main unifying force in western Europe after the fall of Rome?
Who was Ptolemy?
What language did they speak in Rome?
Who wrote the Aeneid?
Who built the Roman capital in Byzantium?
Who did the Roman capital?
Name 3 reasons for the decline and fall of Rome.
Germanic invastions, economic decline/inflation, moral decay
What did the Eastern Roman Empire become?
Who invaded the Roman Empire?
Name 2 reasons Constantinople became the capital of the Roman Empire.
madmade images of god, icons
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