FFMPEG An Intermediate Guide/formats
Formats is broken into 2 categories, file types and codecs. Some of the major formats have the own section dedicated to them to aid readability.
File formats store different information, form the codecs used to store the video and audio, the amount of video and audio channels, if there subtiles menus and what the expected delivery method is, to mention a few.
Codecs are the actual video or audio, how its compressed and how its stored and decoded.
Storage and Delivery
This affects how FFMPEG or other programmes retrieve retrieve or see the video files.