Gila Bend, town, Maricopa county, southwestern Arizona, U.S., 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Phoenix. The Gila River makes a sweeping 90° bend westward at this point, hence the name. The city is near a pre-Columbian Hohokam village first visited in 1699 by Father Eusebio Kino. It had been a rancheria abandoned by Indians the Spanish called Opas, who had annually produced two crops of grain. The rancheria was re-established in 1774 by Juan Bautista de Anza and Father Francisco Garcés, who called it Santos Apóstoles San Simón y Judas. A colony of white men began a settlement in 1865 at the site of the old rancheria, and the settlement came to be known as Gila Bend. The town location later shifted because a railroad in 1880 laid track away from the river bank. The river itself changed course, passing to the north of the town. Today an agricultural town and service centre for travelers passing through on Interstate 8, Gila Bend relies on water stored at Gillespie Dam for irrigating its fields. Twenty-five miles northwest of Gila Bend is Painted Rocks State Historic Park where Native American peoples left petroglyphs that are thought to mark a division of tribal territories. Gila Bend (Papago Indian) Reservation is nearby. Inc. 1962. Pop. (2000) 1,980; (2010) 1,922.
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Arizona, constituent state of the United States of America. Arizona is the sixth largest state in the country in terms of area. Its population has always been predominantly urban, particularly since the mid-20th century, when urban and suburban areas began growing rapidly at the expense of the countryside. Some scholars…
Phoenix, city, seat (1871) of Maricopa county and capital of Arizona, U.S. It lies along the Salt River in the south-central part of the state, about 120 miles (190 km) north of the Mexico border and midway between El Paso, Texas, and Los Angeles, California. The Salt River valley, popularly…
Gila River, river rising in southwestern New Mexico, U.S., in the Elk Mountains, near the Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument. The river, draining 58,100 sq mi (150,500 sq km), flows 630 mi (1,015 km) west and southwest over desert land to the Colorado River at Yuma, Ariz. Its chief tributaries…
Hohokam culture, prehistoric North American Indians who lived approximately from 200 to 1400 cein the semiarid region of present-day central and southern Arizona, largely along the Gila and Salt rivers. The term Hohokam is said to be Pima for “those who have vanished.” The culture is customarily divided into…
Eusebio Kino, Jesuit missionary, cartographer, rancher, and explorer in Spanish service, founder of numerous missions in the Pimería Alta region,…