Flora on La Gomera consists of many specialised plants. The central massif of Garajonay separates the climate as well as the vegetation. Trade wind clouds are responsible for the lush greenery in the north, succulents can be found in the dry south.
Almost 300 years have passed since the last volcanic eruption on La Gomera.
Since then, its face has been constantly changed by weathering and erosion. The national park, which covers 11% of the island, is the starting place for many spectacular ravines and impressive cliffs.
Many Endemic Species
Favoured by the climatic and geographic demarcation of the island, many plants adapted to the island’s specific circumstances and evolved further.
These particular plants can only be found on La Gomera, or on the other Canary Islands. They are described as endemic plants.
The Lush Green North
The north is characterised by a temperate climate and high humidity. The trade wind’s clouds rise over the slopes of northern La Gomera and supply the area with moisture.
The fascinating national park lies in this mist for most of the year. The canopy of leaves filters the moisture from the clouds and passes it on to the island’s natural water reservations.
This assures moisture for springs, streams, reservoirs along with bananas, papayas, mangos, avocados and oranges.
Succulents in the South
The sunny south is dominated by drought resistant vegetation. Diverse succulents have found their ecological niche here.
Among these are the thick-leaved plants and spurge.
They are capable of collecting a lot of water in their thick leaves and stalks over a long period of time, to protect themselves from drying out.
Less Varied Fauna
The Atlantic has always been a great hindrance to animals, stopping them migrating to the island.
Because of this, bats are the only mammals with managed to inhabit the island without the help of humans. Goats, rabbits and mice came as companions of humans. The vertebrate fauna mostly consists of birds and reptiles. Many endemic species can be found here also.