1560s, "to ascertain by computation, estimate by mathematical means," from Latin calculatus, past participle of calculare "to reckon, compute," from calculus (see calculus). Meaning "to plan, devise" is from 1650s; hence "to purpose, intend" and "to think, guess" (1830), both U.S. idioms. Replaced earlier calculen (mid-14c.), from Old French calculer. Related: Calculable.