A pelvic fracture is defined as one or more breaks, also known as fractures, of the bones that make up the pelvis. Several organs, blood vessels, and nerves are located in this area. Because of this, a pelvic fracture is a serious injury that needs immediate care to prevent current and future complications.
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Pelvic fractures are caused by:
Factors that may increase your chance of a pelvic fracture include:
A pelvic fracture may cause:
Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done to assess the extent of your injury. You may be referred to a doctor who is a trauma specialist and/or a doctor who is a bone specialist.
Tests may include:
Imaging tests can evaluate the pelvic region and surrounding structures. These may include:
A pelvic fracture is a serious injury that may be complicated by injuries to other parts of the body. Proper treatment can prevent long-term complications. Treatment will depend on how serious the fracture is, but may include:
Initial treatment focuses on managing life-threatening problems, such as bleeding or shock. The fracture may be held in place with a sheet wrap or an external fixation device. With an external fixation device, screws are inserted through the bones and connected to a frame on the outside of the body.
Traction may be used realign and stabilize the fracture if surgery can't be done right away.
Stable fractures will heal without surgery. Unstable fractures are treated with surgery. Some fractures can be set with an external fixation device. Others may require repair with internal pins, screws, or plates.
Extra support may be needed to protect, support, and keep the pelvic bone in line while it heals. A walker or crutches may be needed to keep weight off the pelvis.
Prescription or over-the-counter medications may be given to help reduce inflammation and pain. Blood thinners reduce the risk of blood clots.
Healing time varies by age and overall health. Young people and those in better overall health heal faster. It may take several months for an unstable fracture to heal.
Complications of a pelvic fracture can be temporary or permanent. These include:
Activities will need to be adjusted while your pelvic bone heals, but complete rest is rarely required.
Physical therapy or rehabilitation will be used to improve range of motion.
To help reduce your chance of a pelvic fracture:
The American Pediatric Surgical Association
Ortho Info—American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons
Canadian Orthopaedic Association
Women's Health Matters
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Last reviewed August 2017 by EBSCO Medical Review Board Warren A. Bodine, DO, CAQSM Last Updated: 8/29/2014