Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Marine; benthopelagic. Subtropical; 5°S - 37°S, 81°W - 71°W
Southeast Pacific: Paita, Peru to Talcahuano, Chile.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 24.6  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 44.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 95867); max. published weight: 1.0 kg (Ref. 53696)
Maximum size assumed to be as average for the genus; replace with data asap (RF).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Chirichigno, N.F., 1974. Clave para identificar los peces marinos del Peru. Inf. Inst. Mar Perú (44):1-387. (Ref. 5530)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 123251)
CITES (Ref. 118484)
Threat to humans
Fisheries: minor commercial
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsAllele frequenciesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingMass conversion
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969
): 11.7 - 20.5, mean 16.8 °C (based on 26 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00731 - 0.01802), b=3.08 (2.94 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245
Trophic level (Ref. 69278
): 3.7 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref. 120179
): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Assuming tm=2).
Vulnerability (Ref. 59153
): Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100) .