Authors: Manuel Abarca Hernandez
Comments: 34 Pages. English- This is the best version
The idea of the model is quite simple:
The physical vacuum is a quantum system with a minimum energy when it is in his ground state. When the space has a gravitational field the space state increase his energy levels and the mass of the space begin to increase as well. The mass of the space would be the dark matter (D.M.).
Model refers to the same conception about ‘vacuum’ as the Quantum Electrodynamics (QED), which consider the space full of virtual electrons and virtual positrons.
Therefore it is easy to think that there are virtual particles which feel the gravitational forces named virtual gravitons. It is logical to think that the gravitational field excites the vacuum states in a way that “the vacuum would be heavier, the more intense gravitational field”. The hypothesis of this DM model is that virtual gravitons are Dark Matter.
The paper is organised in nine parts:
The first one shows graphs about measures of spin speed stars on Andromeda galaxy and Milky Way.
The second one shows a simple mathematical model for flat galactic disks. Also it is got the density formula of total mass.
The third one studies the NFW model (Navarro, Frenk & White. 1996) for Dark Matter in bulge, disk and halo on galaxies.
The fourth one explains the model theoretically in a simple way because in my opinion the ultimate theory of DM will be explain by the Quantum Gravity, which there is not exist yet.
In the fifth one it is proved mathematically there is a function which connects density with gravitational field.
The sixth one explains some consequences of Dark Matter Model on galactic haloes, such as
radius and spherical or elliptical shape.
In the seventh, the Dark Matter model is extended to galactic clusters. Through the model it is justified cluster haloes in a similar way to galactic haloes. Also it is explained the Virial method and gravitational lensing method to measure cluster masses in order to check the model predictions.
In the eighth it is shown that there is coherence between DM model and experimental evidences known about DM in Bullet Cluster and other clusters.
The ninth one proposes five experimental tests to check the model through astronomical measures.
Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.
It is theorized that ancient stars' differentiation (evolution) can be witnessed as basic weather patterns. Weather patterns undergo thermodynamic phase transitions which can be tested in a laboratory environment.
Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.
It is theorized that ancient stellar cores are comprised of two main types of minerals. These minerals are abundant in outer space and fall to the Earth on a regular basis.
Authors: Ben Steber
Comments: 5 Pages. An early drafr of my Galactic clustering and rotation hypothesis
The geometry of the Einstein-Rosen bridge presents the possibility of entanglement of nonlocal black hole event horizons. The historical difficulty in the nature of these hypersurface bridges has been singularity which was shown to destabilize the spacetime throat, preventing their prolonged existence. Singularity is based upon the Eddington-Finkelstein coordinate system and is exclusively reliant upon such a transformation of the Schwarzschild metric to be viable. Comparisons between specially and generally relativistic event horizons can demonstrate that such a transformation is not necessary to define a gravitationally bound event horizon and that a field free of singularity may yield negatively curved hypersurface geometry unbounded by eminent singularity collapse. The concept of quantum foam when applied to the principle of the Einstein-Rosen bridge may produce multiple hypersurfaces from a single such black hole. This bears the possibility that Poly-Entanglement may occur between clusters of black holes. Such physical behavior, while beyond conventional detection shows potential as an explanation for the galactic clustering and rotation behavior currently thought to be the result of dark matter.
Authors: Hasmukh K. Tank
Comments: Five-page letter
The observations of: Paal (1992), Perlmutter(1999) and Riess (1998) led to the possibility of accelerated expansion of the universe and the ‘dark energy’, but after fifteen years of search no trace of ‘dark energy’ is observed ; so this is time we start considering alternative possibilities of interpretations of the observations. Some arguments and alternative interpretations considered here include: (i) If the expansion of space can stretch the wavelength of the photon, then its gradual entry from expanding extra-galactic space into the non-expanded space within our milky-way galaxy should shrink the wavelength of the photon back to its original length. (ii) According to Einstein, if photons are point particles then expansion of space should only increase the path-length of photons without reducing their energy. (iii) The ‘cosmic-coincidence’, that the ratio of radius-of-the-universe and classical-radius-of-the-electron, and ratio of ‘total-mass-of-the-universe’ and ‘mass-of-the-proton’, matching strikingly with the ratio of electric-forces and gravitational forces, has happened only in the current epoch, is a very-very improbable coincidence; raising doubt about expansion of the universe (iv) the ratio of: energy lost by the cosmologically red shifted photons and the electrostatic potential energy lost by the electron at that distance is directly proportional to the strength-ratio of gravitational and electric forces. Can the big-bang be so precise? (iv) Cumulative phase alteration of galactic light passing through cosmic microwave background.
Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.
It is proposed that stars are electrochemical in nature, not thermonuclear
Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 8 Pages.
New Research Mathematically Proves Quantum Effects Stop the Formation of Black Holes. By merging two seemingly conflicting theories, Laura Mersini-Houghton, a physics professor at UNC-Chapel Hill in the College of Arts and Sciences, has proven, mathematically, that black holes can never come into being in the first place. The works not only forces scientists to reimagining the fabric of space-time, but also rethink the origins of the universe.
Considering the positive logarithmic values as the measure of entropy and the negative logarithmic values as the measure of information we get the Information – Entropy Theory of Physics, used first as the model of the computer chess program built in the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
Applying this model to physics we have an understanding of the perturbation theory of the QED and QCD as the Information measure of Physics. We have an insight to the current research of Quantum Information Science. The generalization of the Weak Interaction shows the arrow of time in the associate research fields of the biophysics and others. We discuss also the event horizon of the Black Holes, closing the information inside.
Authors: A. V. Mamaev
Comments: 10 Pages. ISSN 2311-2158. The Way of Science.2014. No.5 (5).
This article shows that many astronomical phenomena can be explained by existence in nature of quadratic dependence of light speed upon speed of the light source motion. If such a dependence exists in the nature, the following effects can emerge in addition to the known Doppler effect: an effect of spacious grouping or ungrouping
of photons and an effect of spacious deformation (compression or extension) of electromagnetic trains corresponding to photons. Using the effect of spacious grouping or ungrouping of photons it is possible to explain such phenomena as «novae», «supernovae», «hypernovae», pulsars and the object SS 433. Using the effect of spacious deformation (compression or extension) of electromagnetic trains corresponding to photons it is possible to explain such astronomical phenomena as bursts of cosmic X rays and gamma rays, red shift of far star spectrums increasing with growth of distances
to stars, microwave background radiation, Olbers’s paradox.
Authors: Jeremy Dunning-Davies
Comments: 10 Pages.
Black holes, thermodynamics and entropy are three topics which both separately and together raise several quite deep and serious questions which need to be addressed. Here an attempt is made to highlight some of these issues and to indicate a possible linkage between the accepted entropy expression for a black hole and the paradox linked to black holes and information loss.
Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 11 Pages.
Hidden photons are predicted in some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics, and unlike WIMPs they would interact electromagnetically with normal matter.
In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter.
The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy.
There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Authors: Branko Zivlak
Comments: 6 Pages. 9 Formulas, 1 Table
I have calculated a relation significant for planets from a logical starting point that a whole and its parts are immanently depandant on each other.
Authors: Leo Vuyk
Comments: 32 Pages.
Recent turmoil around the foundation of Black hole theory principles by Stephen Hawking and others, is a clear sign of great uncertainty about black holes and adjacent subjects.
As a consequence, it seems a good moment to come up with a Black Hole alternative already prepacked in my Quantum FFF Theory ( Function Follows Form)
Quantum FFF ( Function Follows Form) theory states, that the vacuum is seeded with fast opposite oscillating massless 3-Dimensional torus shaped Preons, responsible for pair production. Two Preons are able to change form into two entangled Fermion propeller strings by an overflow of energetic opposite collision. This energy overflow is supposed to be present at the black hole event horizon.
Thus the FORM of all particles is based on real joints and gears, responsible for the FUNCTION even for composite Quarks and Photons, however all particles are instant entangled and guided in a dual mirror multiversal way.
That dual oscillating Higgs particles are the same as Preons and are responsible for the Casimir Dark Energy of 126 GeV recently observed in the LHC at CERN.
That the oscillating Higgs vacuum system is the messenger medium of all Photon information and Black Holes are equipped with a nucleus of compacted Higgs particles, compressed by the oscillating Higgs vacuum and acting as dark matter point sources called “Dark Matter Black Holes”( DMBHs).
The vacuum energy flow around such a Black hole indicates that different sized globular horizons are needed, an event or Photon horizon and two Fermion repulsion horizons.
Such horizons are supposed to include even pair production (e-and e+) and compound quarks out of the Higgs vacuum.
Pair production as a base for quarks and as such H2 and O and more complex atoms.
Comet 67P CG, (Churyumov-Gerasimenko) seems to be a unique test bed for this theory.
In the near future we will probably become aware of these phenomena by the 67P measurements of the Rosetta lander mission. Recent measurements and photos are already suggesting that a large variety of atoms are ejected by the Comet and surface changes seem to be the origin of local crack shaped colour changes. The magnetic field of the comet seems to ring or sing 3 times every minute by the internal tectonic shocks. The dusty jets observed from the so called “Neck” of the comet seem to be a sign for a central Birkeland Alfven current circuit effect on dust acceleration and violating the solar heat erosion theory.