The movement of water in soils is complex and multi-faceted. Essentially water moves as saturated flow or unsaturated flow. Under saturated flow conditions, water moves in all pores large and small. All of the pores are filled with water leaving no volume for air. Under unsaturated flow water moves along the surfaces of the soil solids with the larger pores containing air. Water movement under saturated conditions is faster than under unsaturated conditions with the resulting treatment being greater with unsaturated conditions because of the close proximity of air (oxygen) and interaction with soil solid surfaces which possess chemical treatment properties and serve as host sites for soil mircrobes. The role of gravity and pressure dosing of effluent for dispersal will be discussed relative to the influence of water and effluent movement in soil treatment areas.
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