IUDs - Intrauterine Devices (small 'T'-shaped devices, containing either copper or synthetic progesterone hormone) are effective and popular contraceptives for females who wish to delay pregnancy.
These birth control devices (small piece of molded plastic or metal) are inserted by physician or health care provider in the uterus through vagina and should be removed only by health care provider.
IUDs alter the environment (create a mild chronic inflammation) of the uterus and oviducts in order that fertilization/implantation most likely won't occur.
Names of IUDs differ by location.
IUDs are accessible as non-medicated IUDs, copper releasing IUDs, and hormone releasing IUDs.
It prevents pregnancy in the following ways:
IUDs increase phagocytosis of sperms within the uterus.
Cu ions released by IUDs suppress the sperm motility and the fertilizing capacity of sperms.
Hormone-releasing IUDs make the uterus unsuitable for implantation and cervix hostile to the sperms.
IUDs are relatively effective and don't interfere with sexual activity
Risks of IUDs come in the form of damage to the uterus, bleeding and infection, and it offers no protection from STDs as well.
Can be effective for up to five years.