Infectious diseases are disorders caused by pathogenic microorganisms - such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. Many organisms live in and on our bodies. They are normally harmless or even helpful, but under certain conditions, some organisms may cause disease. Infectious disease can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another.
Zoonotic diseases are infectious diseases of animals that can cause disease when transmitted to humans.
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Infectious diseases can be caused by:
Bacteria- These one-cell organisms are responsible for illnesses such as strep throat, urinary tract infections and tuberculosis.
Viruses-Even smaller than bacteria, viruses cause a multitude of diseases - ranging from the common cold to AIDS.
Fungi-Many skin diseases, such as ringworm and athlete's foot, are caused by fungi. Other types of fungi can infect your lungs or nervous system.
Parasites-Malaria is caused by a tiny parasite that is transmitted by a mosquito bite. Other parasites may be transmitted to humans from animal feces.
Infection can spread via many potential routes:
Airborne disease spreads through Respiratory route from infected person to any other person.
In Fecal-oral transmission when people consume contaminated food and drink they become infected. Common fecal-oral transmitted pathogens include Vibrio cholerae, Giardia species, rotaviruses, Entameba histolytica, Escherichia coli, and tape worms Most of these pathogens cause gastroenteritis.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases(STDs) are being transmitted from an infected person to other through In Sexual transmission
Some disease transmits through Oral means either by direct contact e.g kissing or or by indirect contact such as sharing a drinking glass or a cigarette.
Transmission by direct contact, Some diseases that are transmissible by direct contact include athlete's foot, impetigo and warts.
Some disease transmitted directly from the mother to an embryo, fetus or baby during pregnancy or childbirth. It can occur when the mother gets an infection as an intercurrent disease in pregnancy.
Infectious disease transmitted to patients due to medical interference, such as transmission by contaminated needles.
Vector-borne diseases transmits by the bite of infected arthropod species, such as mosquitoes, ticks, triatomine bugs, sand-flies, and blackflies
List of infectious disease:
Acute rheumatic fever
Adverse events following immunisation
Australian bat lyssavirus
Avian influenza (Bird Flu)
Barmah Forest virus
Boils and skin infections
Childhood - some infectious diseases
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and pregnancy
Ebola virus disease
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
German measle (Rubella)
Glandular fever (Infectious mononucleosis)
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome
Haemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib)
Hand foot and mouth disease
Hepatitis A / B / C / D / E
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)
Maternal sepsis (Puerperal fever)
Mosquitoes are a health hazard
MRSA (in the community)
Murray Valley encephalitis (MVE)
Rat Lung worm
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Rheumatic heart disease
Ross River virus
Shiga toxigenic E. Coli (STEC/VTEC)
Viral haemorrhagic fevers