UK summers may soon regularly hit 40 degrees Celsius as a result of the climate crisis, meteorological experts have warned.
As a result of the rising temperatures, heatwaves like the one the country experienced earlier this month will likely become a lot more common.
Experts have also stated that the 40 degree approximation is something of a conservative estimate, as it assumes that humans will collectively be able to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees.
As reported by Cambridge Live, figures published in the report The State Of The UK Climate 2020 revealed the average temperature during the winter of 2019/2020 was 5.3 degrees - 1.6 degrees higher than the 1981 to 2010 average - making it the fifth warmest on record.
Additionally, 2020 was also the third warmest, fifth wettest and eighth sunniest year on record - further demonstrating the trend towards increasingly extreme weather conditions.
Chief executive of the Royal Meteorological Society Professor Liz Bentley said the world was already seeing extreme heat as a result of warming of 1.1 to 1.2 degrees above pre-industrial levels.
“If you take that up by another 0.3C, these [heatwaves] are just going to become much more intense – we’re likely to see 40C in the UK although we have never seen those kinds of temperatures [before],” she said.
“As we hit 1.5C of global warming, that’s going to not just become something that we see once or twice, it’ll start to become something that we see on a much more regular basis.”
Climate scientist at the Met Office and lead author of the report Mike Kendon said the figures indicated a new normal for the UK.
“In seven out of the last 10 years, we’ve seen temperatures of 34C in the UK compared to seven out of the previous 50 years before that,” he said.
“So this is an indication of the fact that our baseline of our climate is changing and what we regard as normal is changing.”
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Mr Kendon warned man-made global warming will last “for a very, very long time to come”, adding scientists at the Met Office’s National Climate Information Centre had been “blown away” by the extreme heat of 49.6 degrees Celsius seen on the west coast of Canada in recent weeks.
“An event like that would basically be pretty much impossible without the influence of manmade warming, that’s obviously a very severe impact,” he said.
As well as being warmer, since 2009 the UK has recorded its wettest February in 2020, its wettest April and June in 2012, the wettest November in 2009 and the wettest December in 2015, out of a series going back to 1862.
Last year logged two of the three wettest days on record – February 15 and October 3 2020 – from a data set of 47,000 days.
The 21st century has also seen the UK’s wettest and second wettest winters in 2014 and 2016 respectively.
Changes in temperature and rainfall patterns are increasingly impacting the natural world, with first leaf dates in 2020 recorded an average of 10.4 days earlier than the 1999 to 2019 baseline across a range of common British shrub and tree species.
Leaves are also falling earlier, with the end-of-season bare tree dates for 2020 coming 4.3 days earlier than the baseline across the same species, the report said.
Chief executive of the Woodland Trust Dr Darren Moorcroft said the research can indicate if interlinked species are potentially becoming “out of sync with each other in the natural environment”.
He said it could indicate future breakdowns within food chains, leading to some species struggling to survive.
The State Of The UK Climate 2020 is published in the Royal Meteorological Society’s International Journal of Climatology.