The exploration of Mars has taken place over
hundreds of years, beginning in earnest with the invention and
development of the telescope during the 1600s.
The exploration of Mars has been an
important part of the space exploration missions of the Soviet Union
(later Russia), the United States, Europe, and Japan.
Dozens of unmanned spacecraft, including orbiters, landers, and rovers, have been launched toward Mars since the 1960s.
These missions were aimed at gathering data and answering questions
about the red planet and its past that may yield further insight into
Earth's past, present, and future.
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