Centuries ago, the Little Rann of Kutch was part of the sea. Deposition of silt brought down by sea along the shore (clubbed with some geological processes) led to the pushing back of the sea, exposing 5,000 sq. km flat terrain — now known as the Little Rann of Kutch. The Little Rann of Kutch is an unsurveyed piece of land that accounts for 37 per cent of the Gujarat’s total salt production (Gujarat produces 73 per cent of India’s salt). This is a mudflat area, which turns into sea for four months and becomes dry land for the remaining eight months of the year. It provides shelter to over 5,000 wild asses and 33 other types of wild animals and birds.
In the Little Rann of Kutch, the Agariya community (salt farmers) extracts one of the rarest types of salts, called vadagara crystals. The Agariyas make the Little Rann of Kutch, which is known as India’s Survey Number Zero — home for eight months for 3,500 Agariya families. During this period, they live secluded lives as their farms are far and scattered yet communication has never been a problem for them.
Connecting the Unconnected
For years, Agariyas have been communicating with each other through mirror flash; and they have developed a language of signals. When mobile technology arrived in the region, even if the network was only accessible at a few points in the desert, a few Agariyas started using mobile phones to communicate with each other. Now, Digital Empowerment Foundation (DEF) has reached the Little Rann of Kutch with Internet connectivity. Zero Connect is an initiative of W4C program of DEF & ISOC in association with Agariya Heetrakshak Manch to connect the unreached communities in the region. It connects the Little Rann of Kutch, Manish Rann, Kharagodah Rann, Patadi and Surendrangar.
This project aims to give the Agariyas a digital voice through which they can communicate within and outside their community. It will help mark their place on the map, bring them online, improve their access to citizen rights, enable access to government information and help them be recognised for the role they play economically and environmentally.
With a mobile van equipped with Internet connectivity, laptops and an LCD screen, the Agariyas can now access details of food stock at their nearest PDS shop, apply for various government schemes, access edutainment content online and be trained in digital literacy.
Children of the community are already accessing educational content on tablets; and video calls with others their age have made learning joyful for the children of Rann.
As many as 17 Rann Shalas (or makeshift schools) will be connected to each other and with the Internet.
A health van run by the nearest primary health centre aims to connect the local community with expert doctors at the district level through video calls on an emergency basis for quick and quality consultations.
All Agariyas including their salt farms, their houses are digitally mapped and arranged.
Digital market linkages being established for the unique salt and other farm produce.
Zero Connect project is innovatively designed to bring broadband internet connectivity from far flung locations to different parts of LRK (Little Rann of Kutch), through the use of diverse wireless technologies, line of site and unlicensed spectrum. The specially designed vehicle has built-in digital equipment, rooftop solar panels, back up batteries, an expandable and flexible 5 meter tripod based antenna tower with dish antenna. The dish antenna revolves 360 degree and depending upon where the vehicle is parked, it aligns with the broadband internet tower at the periphery of LRK. The Zero Connect vehicle reaches out to 17 schools and a number of settlements that invariably lies at a distance of 20-50 kilometres from backhaul internet tower. The antenna on the vehicle catches internet from backhaul tower using unlicensed spectrum with complete security and further allows wifi access to local identified users in a radius of 100 meters.
[Zero Connect is a project under Phase VII of the Wireless for Communities (W4C) project of Digital Empowerment Foundation and the Internet Society in association with Agariya Heetrashak Manch.]