Antarctica is a huge natural “refrigeration house”, an important storage area for fresh water in the world, with about 70% of the world’s fresh water resources. According to the data obtained from the geophysical survey conducted in Antarctica for more than 30 years and the splicing of the relative plates according to the theory of plate tectonics, there is abundant coal, iron, oil and natural gas in Antarctica. Antarctica was originally a core part of the ancient Gondwana continent.SinoeastPortuguês About 185 million years ago, the ancient Gondwana continent split into the African South American plate, the Indian plate, the Australian plate and successively separated from it. About 135 million years ago, the African South American plate split into two, forming the African and South American plates. About 55 million years ago, the Australian plate finally broke down from the ancient Gondwana continent and floated north, leaving only Antarctica.
Topography: The highest continent on earth is the Antarctic continent. The average elevations of several other continents on the planet are: 950 meters in Asia, 700 meters in North America, 600 meters in South America, 560 meters in Africa, the lowest in Europe is only 340 meters, and the average height in Oceania is 350 meters. However, the Antarctic continent, on its natural surface, has an average elevation of 2,350 meters, which is much higher than the highest in Asia. SinoeastLe français Therefore, the Antarctic continent is known as the “ice and snow plateau”. However, if the ice cover covering the Antarctic continent is stripped, its average height is only about 410 meters, which is much lower than the average height of the entire land on Earth. The climate of Antarctica is characterized by cold, gale and dryness. The average annual temperature in the whole continent is -25 °C, the average temperature in the inland plateau is around -52 °C, and the extreme minimum temperature has reached -89.2 °C, making it the coldest land in the world. The average wind speed in the whole continent is 17.8m/s. The wind speed on the coast is often 45m/s and he maximum wind speed is over 75m/sec. It is the world’s strongest wind and most windy region. In most areas, precipitation is less than 250 mm, and only about 500mm on the continental margin. The average annual precipitation in the whole continent is 55mm. The annual precipitation in the mainland is only about 30mm. There is almost no precipitation near the pole. The air is very dry and is known as the “white desert”.
Season: Antarctica is divided into cold and warm two seasons. The cold season is from April to October and the warm season is from November to the next March. But cause the human’s activities, the health of the earth is facing more and more severe test.SinoeastItaliano Scientists found that the area and depth of the ozone hole over the Antarctic has set a historical record, and it takes about 60 years to fully repair it. The ocean has also experienced 200 “death zones” due to pollution.