As the horse moves, the rider is constantly thrown off-balance, requiring that the
rider’s muscles contract and relax in an attempt to rebalance the body. This
exercise reaches deep muscles not assessable in conventional physical therapy.
The three-dimensional rhythmical movement of the horse is similar to the
motion of walking, teaching rhythmical patterns to the muscles of the legs and
trunk. Stopping and starting the horse, changing speed and changing direction
add to the workout.
Even though riding is exercise, it is perceived as enjoyment, and therefore the
rider has increased tolerance and motivation to lengthen the period and
frequency of exercise.
Repetition of patterned movements required in controlling a horse quickens the
reflexes and aids in motor planning.
Riding a horse requires stretching multiple muscle groups. Spasticity is reduced
by the rhythmic motion of the horse. Sitting astride a horse helps to reduce
extensor spasms of the lower limbs. Riding stimulates the tactile senses through
touch and environmental stimuli. The vestibular system is also stimulated by the
movement of the horse, and by changes in direction and speed.
Exercise in the fresh air, away from hospitals, doctors offices, therapy rooms,
or home helps to promote a sense of well-being. The ability to control an
animal much larger and stronger than oneself is a great confidence builder.