I'm working on some example questions from my grammar textbook. One of them I listed below:
ア）につれて イ）に応じて ウ）に比べて エ）に基づいて
I'm unsure why 「に基づいて」is the only correct answer. What is the reason that 「に応じて」is inappropriate?
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I'm pretty much just saying what everyone else has already, but to add some examples etc...:
基づく means "to be based on", so
に基づいて means "based on":
Taxes are calculated based on this [table/chart].
応じる means "to respond", so
に応じて means "in response to", "dependant on", "in accordance with" etc.
Aに応じてB can have nuances of "
B is done to the extent/degree of
B in a way which caters to
A" (examples from Tatoeba):
You must live according to your income.
AにつれてB means "As
A happens, so does
B", for example:
As these trees get larger, the light that shines on the lawn also diminishes.
比べる means "to compare", so
Aに比べてB means "compared with
B" (this example from 浜島書店 Catch a Wave):
Compared with people in their twenties, teenagers rarely go to the cinema.
につれて: used to express change along something else. "His fever cooled as hours passed."
に応じて: used to express a response or solution. "This helmet was designed to account for the increase number of head injuries among cyclists."
に比べて: used to compare. "Compared to Harry Potter, the Lord of the Rings is for children."
に基づいて: used to express foundations: "The prices are calculated according to this chart."
As you see, the choice is obvious! :)