With Inuit populations around 20,000 people, Eskimos in Alaska could be, and for the most part are, wiped out through modern society and all the evils that come with it (global warming, over hunting, genocide/territory disputes).
This has been done with little effort of large populations of people and nations of empire, however, no civilization besides the Eskimo could live solely on that difficult land, without external resources and technologies such as oil and electricity. Native populations tend to be respectful of their environment, efficiently using surrounding resources in a sustainable manner.
The masses overtake the minorities, creating imbalance and inefficiency . We see this across many species, cultures, society and even businesses all across the world.
So then, how does the extinction of self-sustaining Eskimos in Alaska affect us in modern times?
These lands that we overtake require greater overhead than they generate sustainably, leading to waste, and eventually their demise. Multiply that by other regions which we have settled such as Arizona, Saudi Arabia, to Los Angeles – urban centers requiring external resources to survive and you may see a larger problem. If you compare our current situation to past empires such as the Mayans or the Fall of Rome, you may see how over expansion could lead to great periods of decline, possibly extinction.