Examples of Inertia of Motion:
1) The passenger in a running bus tends to lean forward , when the bus stops suddenly:
When the bus is running, the whole body of the passenger is in the state of motion. When the bus stops suddenly, the lower part of the passengers body which is in contact with the bus, comes to rest. But the passengers upper portion remains in the state of motion due to the inertia of motion. This is the reason for the passenger to lean forward when the bus stops suddenly.
2) If a person throws a ball vertically upwards in a moving train, it comes back to his hand:
The moment the ball was thrown, the ball was also in motion alone with the person who has thrown the ball and the train. This is due to inertia of motion. So when the ball remains in the air, both the person and the ball move ahead by the same distance. This makes the ball to come back to his hand on its return.
3) In a sports field, an athelete often runs before taking a long jump:
The reason why an athlete runs before taking a long jump is that the athlete brings himself in the state of motion and so it becomes easier for him to take a long jump.
4) A person jumping out of a moving train, falls down:
When the person is sitting inside a train, his complete body was in a state of motion with the train. The moment he jumps out of the moving train, his feet touches the ground, and the lower portion of his body comes to rest. But the upper portion remains in motion due to inertia of motion. That 's why he falls in the direction of motion of the train. To avoid this, the person should run in the direction of motion of the train for some distance after he jumps out of the train. Then he will not fall down.