Research: Studious and critical inquiry and examination aimed at the discovery and interpretation of new knowledge. Applies to all activities organized to produce research outcomes. Includes both externally-supported projects and departmental research that is separately budgeted for research.
- Basic Research - Research undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge without any particular application or use in mind. (Ex. A researcher is studying the properties of molecules under various heat and cold conditions).
- Applied Research - Research conducted to gain the knowledge or understanding to meet a specific, recognized need. (Ex. A researcher is investigating the properties of particular substances under various heat and cold conditions with the objective of finding longer lasting components for highway pavement).
- Development – The systematic use of the knowledge or understanding gained from research directed toward the production of useful materials, devices, systems, or methods, including the design and development of prototypes and processes. (Ex. A researcher is working with state transportation officials to conduct tests of a newly developed highway pavement under various types of heat and cold conditions).
Instruction: Teaching, giving instructions or commands, providing information. Applies to any sponsored project where the primary activities are included as part of the institution's instructional program. Includes all teaching and training activities whether for:
Occupational and vocational instruction
Personal and family improvement instruction
Public Outreach/Service: To furnish or supply a benefit or service to the public or a specific segment of the public. Applies to sponsored projects where the primary focus is to provide non-instructional services beneficial to individuals or groups external to the institution. Includes performance of work other than organized research and instruction such as:
Community service projects
Health service projects
Conferences and institutes
Radio and television productions, etc.