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Unformatted text preview: Readings (Week 5)
Miller and Spoolman, Chapter 6 Haub, C. "Global and U.S. National Population Trends", Consequences, Vol 1, No. 2, 1995 http://www.gcrio.org/CONSEQUENCES/summer95/popula tion.html Dasgupta, P. "Population, Poverty and the Local Environment", Scientific American, February 1995 Environmental Awareness & Legislation in the U.S.
Golden Age of Conservation: 1901 1909 (Theodore Roosevelt) - U.S. Forest Service (1905), Antiquities Act (1906) Second Wave of Conservation: Early 1930's (Franklin D. Roosevelt) Soil Conservation Act (1935) Environmental Decade: 1970's - Earth Day (April 20, 1970) - Environmental Protection Agency (1970) - Endangered Species Act (1973) Environmental Backlash: 1980's and Beyond Human Population
1. Population Growth & Regulation - factors determining population growth - theories and models for predicting population - ways of limiting population growth - case studies (China, India) 2. Population Distribution - patterns of urbanization - problems of urban areas - transportation related issues - land-use planning World Population Distribution By Region Population Growth Rates The annual rate of population growth is generally expressed as a percentage Determinants of Population Growth
Growth = Births - Deaths + Immigration - Emigration Calculating Population Growth Rate
Population = P, Growth = G Population Growth Rate (PGR) = (G/P) x 100 % G = B-D +I-E G/P = B/P - D/P + I/P - E/P (G/P) x 100 = (B/P) x 100 - (D/P) x 100 + (I/P) x100 (E/P) x 100 PGR = Birth Rate - Death Rate + Immigration Rate - Emigration Rate Demographers' Definitions
Crude Birth Rate: number of live births in a year per 1000 people in the population Crude Death Rate: number of deaths in a year per 1000 people in the population Rate of Natural Increase: Crude Birth Rate - Crude Death Rate World Population Data
Annual Pop Growth Rate (%) World More Developed Countries Less Developed Countries 1.2 0.2 1.4 Crude Birth Rate (per 1,000) 20 12 22 Crude Death Rate (per 1,000) 8 10 8 Source: Population Reference Bureau 2009 World Population Data Sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf09/09wpds_eng.pdf World Population Distribution Over Time MDCs vs LDCs Population Size By Region
Oceania 0.048 0.033 0.438 0.331 0.783 0.561 0.653 0.728 3.905 0.906 0 1 1.937 2 3 4 5 6 Population (billions) 2050 5.217 Estimated population by region in 2005, with projections of population in 2050
Source: United Nations Northern America Latin America and the Caribbean Europe Asia Africa 2005 http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/WPP2004/2004 Highlights_finalrevised.pdf World Population Increases World Population Growth Rate China's Great Famine (1959 - 61) Largest famine in human history Mostly a humanmade catastrophe , even though drought contributed Best estimates indicate that about 30 million died
Reference: V. Smil, "China's Great Famine: 40 Years Later" British Medical Journal, December 1999 http://home.cc.umanitoba.ca/~vsmil/pdf_pubs/bmj1.pdf ...
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- Spring '08