ATLANTA (AP) — Recent showers and storms have slightly eased the South's severe drought, but experts say it wasn't enough to make up for months of dry conditions before the rain finally fell.
Nearly the entire region remains abnormally dry, and much more rain is needed before the drought's demise can be declared, said Mark Svoboda, who directs the National Drought Mitigation Center.
The center's weekly U.S. Drought Monitor, released Thursday, describes some improvement due to recent rains, but its map shows the South stubbornly covered in oranges, reds and browns — bad news for a region becoming accustomed to wildfires.
"It takes a long time to go into a drought and it takes a long time to get out of it, and this one has been a doozy," Georgia State Climatologist Bill Murphey said.
A large brown area of "exceptional drought" — the very worst conditions — still covers large swaths of Georgia and Alabama. That's surrounded by red, indicating "extreme" drought, in parts of Tennessee and the western Carolinas. Orange, for "severe" drought, stretches from Louisiana eastward to the Carolinas.
Any rain is welcome, helping firefighters control more of the wildfires burning in a region that has lost much of its customary humidity. The South's largest wildfire, which began in the Cohutta Wilderness area of north Georgia and charred nearly 28,000 acres, is now 100 percent contained, forest service officials said Thursday. The second-largest blaze, which also began in the north Georgia mountains, is 95 percent contained.
The third-largest — which started in Great Smoky Mountains National Park and killed 14 people in the Gatlinburg, Tennessee area — is more than 80 percent contained, authorities said.
Abnormally dry conditions began showing up in March in parts of the South, and intensified through the spring, summer and fall. Large parts of the region got only half of their usual rainfall during the past six months.
"Another 10 inches is what we really need in the next few weeks," said John Christie, Alabama's state climatologist. "My rule of thumb is that if you have over an inch of rain a week, you'll have some help against the drought."
But too much, too fast won't help much in the South, where clay soils need time to absorb precipitation. With some of the recent thunderstorms, "quite a bit of it was heavy so there was a tremendous amount of runoff," Christie said. "It just came too fast to soak in."
The flow of streams also can help show what's happening with the drought. Unfortunately, "I'm seeing many of the streams now fall back below average," Christie said.
Lakes also remain low. Lake Lanier, a main source of drinking water for metro Atlanta, is nearly 9 feet below its normal full capacity for this time of year, Murphey said.
Conditions generally improved in areas that saw at least 3 inches of rain in the past couple weeks, including eastern Arkansas, Louisiana and Mississippi, the report shows.
Now, the weather pattern is showing some positive signs and moisture from the Gulf of Mexico could soon produce more rains across the South, forecasts are showing.
"The good news is that the Gulf is opening up and has been opening up," Murphey said.