|Abul-Waleed Muhammad Ibn Rushd (Averroes)|
1126 (520 After the Hegira, according to the Islamic Calendar) born in Cordova, Spain
He studied law and medicine.
1169 (565 AH) he was appointed a judge in Sevilla; he also translated
Aristotle's book de Anima (Of the Soul) during this year.
1171 Ibn Rushd was transferred to Cordova, where he held the
position of a judge (Qaadi) for ten years. During that time, he wrote commentaries
and interpretations on the works of Aristotle, among others on Metaphysics,
and on Plato's Politeia.
1182 (578 AH) he was called to Marrakesh to work as a physician
for the Caliph there, but he was soon transferred back to Cordova with
the title of Great Qaadi (Chief Judge).
Ibn Rushd fell out of favor with the Caliph due to the opposition that
theologians had raised against his writings. He was accused of heresy,
interrogated and banned to Lucena, close to Cordova. At the same time,
the Caliph ordered the books of the philosopher to be burnt, with the exception
of his works on Medicine, Arithmetics and Elementary Astronomy (around
1195). Somewhat later the Caliph revoked the banishment and called
Ibn Rushd back to Marrakesh. The works of Ibn Rushd also aroused admiration
in Europe, even among those theologians who saw a danger for religious
faith in his writings. In the XIIIth century, Ibn Rushd was condemned by
bishops from Paris, Oxford and Canterbury for reasons similar to those
that had caused his condemnation by the orthodox Muslims in Spain.
On December 10, 1198 (Safar 9, 595 AH) Ibn Rushd died in Marrakesh.
Further information on Ibn Rushd can be found at the following internet