ICE: Introduce, Cite, and Explain Your Evidence
Body paragraphs in educational essays contain evidence that supports debatable main tips that can be found in topic sentences, and accountable article writers make certain to introduce, cite, and explain quotes and paraphrases utilized as evidence.
INTRODUCE: Introduce all your quotes introductory that is using. Below are a few examples:
- Based on Michael Smith, “you should make use of the author’s essaypro 5 paragraph outline first and last name whenever you cite that writer the very first time in your paper” (1).
- As Smith describes, “you can introduce your quotes having a quantity of different expressions” (1).
- Smith shows that “if the introduction to your quote is not a dependent clause, it doesn’t must be accompanied by a comma” (1).
- Smith observes the next in the article: “by using a colon to introduce an estimate, you want a complete phrase preceding the colon” (1).
CITE: Provide appropriate parenthetical citations for several quotes and paraphrases ( not summaries). Look at the style that is appropriate for guidelines, e.g. MLA, APA, and Chicago. Check out recommendations for MLA design citation:
- In the event that author’s title appears into the introduction towards the estimate or perhaps within the paraphrase, it doesn’t need to appear in the reference that is parenthetical since the citations above illustrate.
- The name must appear in the parenthetical reference if the author’s name does not appear in the introduction to the quote. Begin to see the example that is following of cited paraphrase:
Some professors at UM just take points away from your final paper grade if you don’t cite paraphrased or quoted material precisely (Smith 1).
EXPLAIN: remember to explain your quotes. Offer analysis that ties them back once again to your primary idea / topic sentence. Put simply, touch upon the data in order to include it to the argument you’re making.
Here’s a typical example of a whole educational human body paragraph that illustrates ICE: introduction, citation, and description:
These young teachers have just begun to understand and participate in the changing ecology of literacy described above, particularly in adopting a view that digital writing is worthy of attention in schools despite their competence as readers and writers. Grabill and Hicks argue that “using ICTs (Information interaction Technologies) is not sufficient; critically focusing on how these writing technologies help brand brand new literacies and communication that is meaningful additionally be a core curricular and pedagogical purpose of English training” (307). While our experience as instructor educators, particularly into the context of Kristen’s program, shows us that adopting this viewpoint is difficult, we believe that you will find compelling social reasons why you should do this.
(Sample paragraph obtained from web page 62 of Turner, Kristen Hawley, and Troy Hicks. “‘That’s maybe not Writing’: checking out the Intersection of Digital Writing, Community Literacy, and Social Justice.” Community Literacy Journal 6.1 (2011): 55-78. Printing.)
Activity: With someone, strive to fix the introductions and citations into the paragraph below.
Don DeLillo characterizes the United states National Identity as consumerism. The Gladneys are DeLillo’s depiction regarding the typical United states consumerist household. “That night, a Friday, we collected at the television set, as ended up being the customized therefore the guideline, with take-out Chinese.” (DeLillo 64) In this DeLillo that is excerpt ritualizes procedure for a family group evening all over tv. DeLillo will not simply declare that it is a tradition passed down through culture, instead using the term ‘rule’ he could be invoking a moral imperative that elevates the function from a social sensation up to a ritual that is religious. An additional example where consumerism is ritualized Jack is viewing their child Steffie sleep when, “She uttered two demonstrably audible terms, familiar and evasive at precisely the same time, terms that did actually have ritual meaning, element of a spoken spell or chant that is ecstatic. Toyota Celia (DeLillo 148).” This quote suggests that not just is consumerism a ritual that is external it additionally permeates our unconscious to the stage that individuals imitate commercials in our rest.