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In general, the raspberry is distinguished by good immunity, but there are such diseases of the raspberry that it is not able to cope with on its own. Some of them are extremely dangerous, they can destroy your entire plantation in just three years. So you need to know the enemy in person, and also be able to fight him.
Diseases of raspberry fungal nature and methods of dealing with them
Antaracnosis is perhaps the most common viral disease. It also affects blackberries. This fungus is dangerous because it quickly spreads through the leaves, bark, berries. It leads to a loss of green mass, weak ripening of shoots, a decrease in winter hardiness, loss of yield, and, in the long term, the death of the bush. Crimson concave purple spots on greenery can serve as signs of infection. Then they turn gray. The berries become ulcerous and dry out. Small black dots are a sign of the affected bark. But remember that the leaves get sick first - be careful.
Signs of infection can be crimson concave purple spots on greenery.
Instead of fighting, prevention is best.
- Remove dried foliage from under the bushes in the fall - spores love to hibernate in it.
- You cannot plant new seedlings in the place where old raspberries grow.
- Feed your plants wisely and regularly, especially with micronutrients. They primarily raise the immunity of raspberries.
- A thickened planting should not be allowed - this reduces ripeness, contributes to mold growth of the crown of the bush, and less resistance to diseases.
Video about diseases and pests of raspberries
If, nevertheless, she became infected:
- We remove and destroy the affected shoots. Sometimes, in order to avoid contamination of the entire plantation, we destroy severely diseased bushes that cannot be rehabilitated.
- We process it with three percent Bordeaux liquid in the spring, on the eve of bud break.
- In the budding phase, we carry out the second treatment with a 1% solution.
- The third spraying with Bordeaux is carried out after harvest.
Raspberry rust is also a fungal disease. Most dangerous where there is a lot of rain. The damp years are very difficult for an infected bush. Affected raspberries lose yield, winter hardiness, grows poorly, and get sick a lot. The disease has the following symptoms:
- Bumps of ocher color on top of the leaf, on the petioles, veins
- The same pads, only brown, from the bottom of the sheet
- Along the entire length of young shoots, gray sores with red edging, subsequently become cracks in the bark.
Raspberry rust is also a fungal disease.
We fight like this:
- We remove the affected shoots and burn them.
- We rake the fallen leaves in the fall. Burn or lay the compost heap.
- We mulch the soil under the bushes with manure in spring - the spores of the fungus are intolerant of the microorganisms in it.
- We treat severely diseased plants with a solution of ammonium sulfate at the rate of 4 grams per 1 liter.
Another fungus that rampant in our gardens is the purple spot of raspberries. This disease loves bushes weakened by leaf-gnawing insects. It manifests itself in the fact that at first the edges of the leaves, petioles are covered with dark purple spots, which turn black, dry out, crumble. Then spots appear along the veins of the leaf, covering the entire shoot, leading to its drying out.
The fight against purple spotting comes down to methods common to fungal diseases: we destroy the affected areas, remove fallen leaves, spray with Bordeaux liquid in spring and before flowering. We also make sure that the plantations are not waterlogged. We select varieties resistant to diseases.
Raspberry septoria is sometimes also referred to as white spot. Very common. He is not such a dangerous enemy of the gardener as others, but it is better to prevent the spread of this misfortune, because a bush weakened by septoria is more likely to get sick with more harmful misfortunes, the same anthracnose or raspberry rust.
Another fungus that rages in our gardens is the purple spot of raspberries.
Leaves are initially affected, then shoots, stems. At first, a drawing appears on the leaf that looks like a gray mosaic. Something like sunburn. Then the center of such spots in the mosaic begins to whiten, dry out, and crumble. Leaves become full of holes, loose. The same applies gradually to the whole plant. If we start the development of the disease, then winter can freeze out a significant part of the wood. We work most effectively with preventive methods.
We regulate the planting scheme - thickening is unacceptable, otherwise the bottom of the bushes will not be enough aired, there is a greater risk of picking up spores of septoria. All other methods of struggle are the same as in the case of other fungal diseases of raspberries. Don't forget about fungicides as well.
Viral and bacterial adversity
Viruses are much more dangerous than fungi. They cannot be treated if the bush has already become infected. And the fight is effective only at the level of preventive work. But you should know the symptoms of these diseases, so that if any are found, you can quickly take action. The most common misfortunes in our country are chlorosis, mosaic, curliness.
Chlorosis can be noticed immediately. First, the upper leaves, and then the whole branches, become unnatural for them yellow color, as if "burned out". The fruits become very small and flat. As a rule, the symptoms disappear by the fall. However, this does not mean that the disease has receded. The plant is still infected and will continue to serve as a hotbed of epizootics if no action is taken.
The most common misfortunes in our country: chlorosis, mosaic, curl
The mosaic is fan-shaped, large-spotted. It all depends on the type of virus pathogen. But the symptoms are quite similar, only the drawing is different. If a defeat has occurred, then we see signs similar to chlorosis on the greenery, only now not the entire leaf is affected, but a beautiful pattern of yellow or light green spots appears.
Finally, the most vicious curl virus. Affected plants have deformed, malformed leaves. The shoots themselves are more stocky. Fruits are dryish, flattened, gray, sour. Curly hair is perhaps the most dangerous of the diseases, if you do not notice it at the time, it can destroy your entire raspberry tree in three to four years.
Here's what you need to know to prevent the spread of viruses on your berry:
- Plants are infected by parasitic insects. Primarily against aphids and ticks.
- We monitor the quality of the planting material. We make sure that there are no signs of disease in young seedlings, and insect pests on them.
- We treat raspberry plantations with insecticides in a timely manner so that aphids or ticks do not get in them.
- If signs of disease are found on one of the plants, then we uproot and burn the bush completely, and not just the affected areas. A sick bush can no longer be saved, you need to localize the focus.
Separately, it should be said about cancer. This is an extremely dangerous disease, destroys plants as quickly as possible, and most importantly, it is difficult to notice, due to the fact that it develops on the root system. Cancer is bacterial in nature. This attack can be prevented only by careful selection of planting material. See that the roots of the seedlings are healthy, without ugly growths.
This attack can only be prevented by careful selection of planting material.
Also, you can not break up a new raspberry plantation in the place of the old one, especially before the patient. Bacteria, viruses, fungal spores can be in the soil.
A brief educational program on raspberry diseases.
Fungal and viral diseases require a different approach.
Viral diseases are omnivorous. Among them there are no separate diseases of remontant raspberries, blackberries, black raspberries. Fungal are more narrowly specialized.
The fungus affects weakened waterlogged bushes. Viruses are carried by sap-sucking insects like healthy plantations.
Video about raspberries and pests
We remove the affected areas by the fungus fragmentarily. The virus requires the removal and burning of the entire bush.
Fight against fungal raspberry diseases: burning of last year's foliage, treatment with fungicides, general strengthening of the plant's immunity. The virus can only be prevented by insect treatment, selection of healthy planting material.
Raspberry diseases - how to detect and cure
- Verticillium wilting of raspberries (Verticillium)
- Measures to combat verticillary wilt:
- Raspberry root rot (late blight)
- Measures to combat raspberry root rot (late blight):
- Leaf curl of raspberry
- Measures to combat raspberry curl:
- Raspberry mosaic
- Raspberry mosaic control measures:
- Raspberry Rust (Phragniidium rubiidaei)
- Raspberry Rust Control Measures:
- Raspberry vein chlorosis
- Measures to combat raspberry chlorosis:
When processing fruit bushes, and in particular raspberries, from pests and diseases, maximum attention should be paid to preventive measures. Because in all cases it is easier to prevent the disease than to cure it later. What diseases cause the greatest problems and require the maximum involvement of gardeners?
Raspberry diseases - a description with a photo, methods of treatment and prevention
The fact that something amiss is going on in the raspberry can be seen by certain symptoms. All diseases affecting shrubs can be divided into:
Each of these groups has its own mechanism of distribution and development. For example, fungal diseases are often associated with improper care and adverse weather conditions. Bacterial and viral diseases have a completely different nature and different modes of transmission.
The causative agents of diseases of this group are numerous fungi that can safely survive the winter in the ground and become more active in the spring. The outbreak of the disease is facilitated by cool, wet weather, the presence of plant debris near the raspberry tree, and excessive thickening of the bushes. Here is a list of the most common diseases, and methods of dealing with them:
Raspberry rust affects all vegetative parts of the plant. Yellowish growths appear on the bushes, leading to the drying out of the stems and foliage. The disease is caused by a fungus, the spores of which can be seen in the summer on the underside of the leaves, where pathogens are present in the form of orange or brown pillows. Outbreaks of the disease often occur during rainy summers and can continue into late autumn.
As control measures, cleaning and subsequent burning of fallen leaves are necessary, as well as spraying the bushes with 1 percent Bordeaux mixture. Processing should be carried out three times.
From folk remedies, tincture of iodine (2 teaspoons of iodine in a bucket of water), an infusion of fresh wormwood, or horsetail helps. At the same time it is necessary to dig up the aisles to a considerable depth.
White and purple spots
White and purple spots infect the leaves and stems of shrubs. With the white variety, the spots are brown at first, and then gradually lighten, a black dot appears in the center of each of them. Purple spotting manifests itself by the formation of reddish spots.
As control measures, the affected specimens of the bushes are removed. The remaining raspberries are thinned out and treated with copper-containing preparations, "Fitosporin-M".
During the period of leaf fall, in order for the spores to die, the raspberry is sprayed with a solution of iodine. When choosing planting material, it is necessary to select only high-quality seedlings that do not have symptoms of disease.
Purple spot of raspberries: video
Gray rot (botrytis)... The most common raspberry disease affects all parts of the plant, but especially the fruits. Gray patches begin to appear on the berries, which spread quickly. Fruits rot, covered with a gray bloom, consisting of fungal spores, later carried by the wind to the surrounding plants. The disease can quickly affect the entire raspberry tree. Often occurs in cool and humid weather. Sick bushes must be uprooted and burned.
From folk remedies to combat gray rot, garlic and mustard infusion are used, as well as a solution of wood ash or iodine. Overwintered spores are destroyed in the spring with a 3% solution of Bordeaux liquid.
Anthracnose - another fungal disease that brings a lot of excitement to summer residents. It manifests itself by the appearance of single grayish-white spots with a purple edging, affects the fruits, leaves and stems of raspberries. Over time, areas of diseased tissue dry out, forming holes in their place. The leaves begin to curl up and fall off. The bark on the affected shoots exfoliates.
Copper sulfate, Sandofan, Kuproksat, Oksikhom are used to eradicate the fungus. From folk remedies, an infusion of bitter wormwood is used. To protect the bushes from anthracnose, you can plant nearby calendula, marigolds, tansy, basil, celery, pyrethrum, onions and garlic. Sick shoots are cut off. If the plant is severely affected, it is uprooted.
As a preventive measure for fungal diseases, raspberries are fed before wintering with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers and treated with preparations containing copper. Planting must be kept clean, timely removal of fallen leaves and cut off shoots.
Raspberry viral diseases pose a serious danger. Most of them are not treatable, so it is important to pay attention to preventive measures. When activated, the viruses infect the root system, stems and leaves of the bush, which ultimately ends with the death of the entire plant. The following diseases are most often affected by the shrub:
Raspberry dwarfism ("The Witch's Broom")... After infection, the virus manifests itself only the next year. The disease is caused by mycoplasma. The defeat is manifested by the fact that a lot of small non-fruiting shoots are formed on the bush, their number can reach up to 200 per plant. Raspberries are losing varietal characteristics. There is no cure for the disease.
If you suspect dwarfism, the bushes should be immediately uprooted and burned. Mycoplasma is transferred to the raspberry tree by cicadas, so it is important to destroy pests in a timely manner.
Raspberry curl... Affected leaves become tough, curl upward, gradually turn brown and die off. A bronze tint appears on the underside of the foliage. The disease manifests itself in berries. They are deformed, sugar content disappears. There is no cure for this infection.
The disease gradually progresses and completely affects the shrub in 2-3 years. Sick plants should be destroyed at the first sign of curliness. The shoot and leaf aphid virus is spreading.
Mosaic... The disease manifests itself by the appearance of characteristic mosaic spots on raspberry leaves. By the end of summer, almost all the foliage on the shrub becomes speckled. The disease does not lead to the death of the plant, but strongly depresses it. The leaves become smaller, new shoots grow poorly, the development of the bush slows down. The berries are made dry, tough, and unusable. The mosaic virus is carried by aphids. All varieties of red, yellow and black raspberries, as well as blackberries, are susceptible to the disease. The mosaic does not lend itself to treatment, the diseased bushes are burned. The virus is transmitted by such a pest as aphids.
Due to the fact that it is not possible to completely destroy the virus, great attention is paid to the prevention of viral diseases. When buying, you must carefully examine the seedlings for diseases. Due to the fact that viruses are transmitted by harmful insects, it is necessary to timely do preventive spraying from pests.Proper care is also important, it helps plants stay healthy and strong.
Some of the raspberry diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms - bacteria. Bacterial diseases are found in all regions, it is impossible to eradicate them completely. Common diseases of this type on raspberries include:
Stem cancer... The causative agent of this disease is the bacterium Pseudomonas rubi Hild. Symptoms appear primarily in the lower and middle parts of the bush. On the stems, comb-like swellings are formed, the tumor is soft to the touch, up to 10 12 cm long, at first it has a white color. Over time, the formations harden, acquire a brown color, then begin to dry and collapse. Infection in a raspberry tree can be introduced with seedlings or with damage to wood. Sometimes the form of the disease can be latent. It has no specific treatment, the infected plantings are uprooted.
Root cancer... The disease is provoked by the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Sm. Et Town.) Conn. Lumpy outgrowths of different sizes are formed on the roots and at the base of the stem. Fresh formations are light in color, over time they become brown and hard, at the final stage of the disease, the tubercles rot. Raspberry bushes affected by this disease greatly slow down their growth, over time, the plants stop developing and die.
Infected specimens must be incinerated immediately. At the very initial stage, you can try to save the shrub by cutting off single growths on the roots to healthy tissue and soaking the root system in a 1% solution of copper sulfate. If the outgrowths appear on the root collar or stems, the plant can no longer be cured.
Raspberry stem and root cancer: video
Viruses enter raspberries with insects or through contaminated soil. The treatment proceeds with difficulties, but it is possible to save the bush. Viruses multiply rapidly and spread to healthy shoots. One of the radical and effective measures against viral infections has been and remains the pruning of diseased parts. Viral diseases include:
- Mosaic. This disease is common. The main symptom is the appearance of tuberosity on the leaves, the formation of rough spots. All spots are separated by a vein, so the leaf resembles a mosaic. Seedlings instantly wither and lose their vitality. The mosaic quickly attacks the berries, forming blotches on them. The virus spreads well in humid conditions. The main way to deal with mosaics is the use of insecticides, since insects mainly carry the disease. There is no such cure for mosaic, only cutting off the infected part of the raspberry can stop it.
- Dwarfism. Raspberry becomes infected with a virus in August or September. The disease may not manifest itself in any way, since the virus calmly survives the winter, already being in raspberries, and will manifest itself only next summer. The main symptomatology is the thinning of the shoots. Young shoots noticeably slow down in growth intensity, new branches become brittle. Raspberry stops fruiting or bears fruit with small, ugly fruits; during flowering, deformation and an irregular, mutated shape of flowers may occur. The disease is difficult to recognize, since there are no obvious signs of its manifestation. Nevertheless, decoctions of herbs of yarrow, chamomile are considered effective means for treatment, you can spray raspberries with infusion of potato tops.
- Vein chlorosis. The main carrier of chlorosis is called aphids. The disease resembles a mosaic, so it is often misdiagnosed. The symptom of infection is the appearance of yellow dry spots on the leaves. A mesh appears on the spots. The vein of the leaf changes in color - becomes yellow. An effective measure for the treatment of chlorosis today is considered to be pruning of infected shoots.
Healthy shoots continue to be treated with Bordeaux liquid solutions, insecticides.
- Curliness. The disease becomes noticeable when the shoots reach the age of two. The shoots are short, and the leaves are characterized by increased wrinkling and stiffness. Leaves can become twisted from the edges. The fruit cluster becomes ugly, the berries grow poorly. Young root shoots have too thick shoots. Curliness progresses for 3-4 years, after which the raspberry bush dies out. The disease cannot be treated, as it requires too difficult diagnosis, the symptoms are weak.
The most dangerous for raspberries are anthracnose and gray rot. To prevent the appearance of rot, the bushes are sprayed with Bordeaux liquid (3% solution) in early spring. To protect against anthracnose, a nitrafen solution is prepared - 200 g per 10 liters, which is used to process the bushes.
To prevent pests and diseases from destroying the crop, cultivation of the land should be started as soon as the snow melts and the top layer thaws. The correct use of chemicals helps to preserve the raspberry tree and has a positive effect on plant development, which contributes to a rich harvest.
Bacterial diseases of raspberries in pictures and their treatment
Below are the common bacterial diseases of raspberries in pictures, which clearly illustrate all the descriptions of the symptoms presented. Study and take the knowledge gained into service.
The causative agent is the bacterium Pseudomonas rubi Hild. On the stems in the lower and middle parts, granular swellings appear in the form of longitudinal ridge-like tumors. Tumors are soft, white, 10-20 cm long, often ring around the stem. Over time, they harden, turn brown, dry out and break down. The affected shoots crack, the leaves die off, the berries dry out. With high humidity, the growths rot, and a slimy, viscous mass of bacteria envelops the stems. The infection persists in the affected stems and in plant debris. The infection spreads with infected planting material and through mechanical damage.
Control measures are the same as against raspberry anthracnose.
Look at this raspberry disease in pictures, where the most characteristic signs of damage are demonstrated:
Bacterial raspberry root cancer.
The causative agent is the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Sm. Et Town.) Conn. On the roots, root collar, base of the stems, uneven lumpy growths of various sizes are formed. At first they are soft and light, gradually darken and harden, and eventually rot. On self-rooted roses and rose hips, growths often appear directly on the stems and grow rapidly. In plants affected by bacterial cancer, there is a weak growth of shoots, and the bushes gradually dry out.
Control measures. Use for planting healthy planting material. Culling and burning dead plants with symptoms of bacterial cancer. In some cases, to preserve the variety, it is possible when planting to trim single small growths on the roots, followed by disinfection in a 1% solution of copper sulfate for 2-3 minutes. Plants with growths in the area of the root collar are discarded and destroyed.
Look at the manifestations of this raspberry disease in pictures and their treatment with the help of simple and affordable chemistry:
Gall midge on raspberries, what to do
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