Презентация на тему Inventions and inventors
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Photography Telephone The first petrol-driven car Cinematography The first airplane The first ballpoint pen The first vacuum cleaner Television Refrigeration and air conditioning The Model T automobile The sandpaper Penicillin The first artificial satellite The first personal stereo Microsoft-DOS (Disk Operating System) The idea of cloning Washing machine The first controlling helicopter Microwave oven MP3-player Atomic clock Fm-radio
1. Nicephore Niepce from France pioneered photography in 1829. 2. In 1876 Alexander Graham Bell, an American engineer, invented telephone. 3. Karl Benz produced the world’s first petrol-driven car in Germany in 1878. 4. In 1895 the Lumiere brothers patented their cinematography and opened the world’s first cinema in Paris. 5. The first Russia’s automobile was designed by P.A.Frez and E.A.Yakovlev. By May 1896 the car had been built. 6. Wilbur and Orville Wright built the first airplane in 1903. 7. The first ballpoint pen was produced in 1940 though it had been invented by L. Biro, a Hungarian artist and journalist, in 1905. 8. In 1908 James M. Spangler from the USA built the first vacuum cleaner. 9. In 1908 US automobile manufacturer Henry Ford created the world’s first car assembly line. 10. John Logie Baird from Scotland invented television in 1926. 11. In 1928 Richard Drew perfected the Scotch tape, which had been invented by Jim Kirst from the USA in 1923. 12. In 1945 the Nobel Prize was given to Alexander Fleming for penicillin that had been discovered in 1928. 13. Sergey Korolyev designed the first artificial satellite in 1957. 14. Akio Morita developed the first personal stereo – Sony Walkman in 1957. 15. In 1981 Bill Gates created Microsoft-DOS (Disk Operating System). 16. Scottish scientist Ian Wilmat developed the idea of cloning in 1997.
Joseph Nicéphore Niépce (1765 – 1833)
Joseph Nicéphore Niépce was a French inventor, most noted as one of the inventors of photography and a pioneer in the field. He is well-known for taking some of the earliest photographs, dating to the 1820s. As revolutionary as his invention was, Niépce is little known even today.
Alexander Graham Bell (1847 – 1922)
Alexander Graham Bell was an eminent scientist, inventor, engineer and innovator who is credited with inventing the first practical telephone. His research on hearing and speech led him to experiment with hearing devices which eventually culminated in Bell being awarded the first U.S. patent for the telephone in 1876.
Karl Friedrich Benz (1844 – 1929)
Karl Friedrich Benz was a German engine designer and automobile engineer, generally regarded as the inventor of the petrol-powered automobile and pioneering founder of the automobile manufacturer, Mercedes-Benz.
The Lumière brothers: Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas (1862 – 1954) Louis Jean (1864– 1948)
The Lumière brothers were among the earliest filmmakers. Louis had made some improvements to the still-photograph process, the most notable being the dry-plate process, which was a major step towards moving images. The cinematograph itself was patented on 13 February 1895 and the first footage ever to be recorded using it was recorded on 19 March 1895.
The Wright brothers: Orville (1871 – 1948) Wilbur (1867 – 1912)
The Wright brothers were two Americans who are generally credited with inventing and building the world's first successful airplane and making the first controlled, powered and sustained heavier-than-air human flight, on December 17, 1903. In two years afterward, the brothers developed their flying machine into the first practical fixed-wing aircraft. The Wright brothers were the first to invent aircraft controls that made fixed-wing flight possible.
László József Bíró (1899 – 1985)
László József Bíró was the inventor of the modern ballpoint pen. He presented the first production of the ball pen at the Budapest International Fair in 1931. Working with his brother George, a chemist, he developed a new tip consisting of a ball that was free to turn in a socket, and as it turned it would pick up ink from a cartridge and then roll to deposit it on the paper. Bíró patented the invention in Paris in 1938.
James Murray Spangler (1848 - 1915)
In 1907, James Murray Spangler, a janitor in Canton, Ohio invented an electric vacuum cleaner from a fan, a box, and a pillowcase.
John Logie Baird was a British engineer and inventor of the world's first working television system, also the world's first fully electronic colour television broadcast. Although Baird's electromechanical system was eventually displaced by purely electronic systems his early successes demonstrating working television broadcasts and his colour and cinema television work earn him a prominent place in television's invention.
John Gorrie was a physician, scientist, inventor, and humanitarian, is considered the father of refrigeration and air conditioning.
Henry Ford was the American founder of the Ford Motor Company and father of modern assembly lines used in mass production. His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry. He was a prolific inventor and was awarded 161 U.S. patents.
In 1923 Richard Drew settled down on work in company Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing which concerned with the production of the sandpaper, exploratory activity in the field of watertight surfaces and experimented with cellophane. And 27 May 1930 Richard Drew patented his invention - transparent getting sticky tape.
Alexander Fleming (1881 – 1955)
Sir Alexander Fleming was a Scottish biologist and pharmacologist. His best-known achievements are the discovery of the enzyme lysozyme in 1923 and the antibiotic substance penicillin from the fungus Penicillium notatum in 1928, for which he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 with Howard Walter Florey and Ernst Boris Chain.
Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov (1907 – 1966)
Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov was the head Soviet rocket engineer and designer during the Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1950s and 1960s. He is considered by many as the father of practical astronautics.
Akio Morita was a Japanese entrepreneur, cofounder of Sony Corp. In 1949, the company developed magnetic recording tape and in 1950, sold the first tape recorder in Japan. In 1957, it produced a pocket-sized radio.
William Henry "Bill" Gates III (born October 28, 1955)
William Henry "Bill" Gates III is an American business magnate, philanthropist, and chairman of Microsoft, the software company. During his career at Microsoft, Gates held the positions of CEO and chief software architect, and remains the largest individual shareholder. Gates is one of the best-known entrepreneurs of the personal computer revolution.
Sir Ian Wilmut (born 7 July 1944)
Sir Ian Wilmut is an English embryologist and is currently Director of the MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine at the University of Edinburgh. He is best known as the leader of the research group that in 1996 first cloned a mammal from an adult somatic cell, a Finnish Dorset lamb named Dolly.
Electric washing machines were advertised and discussed in newspapers as early as 1904. Alva J. Fisher has been incorrectly credited with the invention of the electric washer. The "inventor" of the electric washing machine remains unknown.
The first controlling helicopter
In 1922, Professor George Botezat, who emigrated from Russia after the revolution in the United States, built by order of the U.S. Army first sustained controlled helicopter, which could rise into the air with a load to a height of 5 m and placed in the air for several minutes.
American engineer Percy Spencer received a patent for a microwave oven was issued in 1946. The world's first microwave oven «Radarange» was released in 1947 by Raytheon and was not meant for cooking and for the rapid thawing of products and used exclusively for the military (in the soldiers‘ canteens and cafeterias military hospitals). Its height was approximately equal to human growth, weight 340 kg, power - 3 kW, which is about twice the power of modern household microwave oven. In 1949 they started production. This furnace was worth about $ 3000.
The immediate precursor of the digital audio player was a portable CD player. The first MP3-player in the modern sense, was released on the market in 1996
Atomic clock - a device for measuring time, which as a batch process used by the natural oscillations of atoms or molecules.
The plot VHF radio band frequencies from 87.5 MHz to 108 MHz (Europe, America), 76-90 MHz (Japan). Under the influence of international culture, commonly called simply «FM-range"