- It is interesting to note that one story concerning biological
and chemical warfare has been almost completely ignored by the American
press and most of the European press during the weeks following September
As Pakistan's News Telegraph recently reported :
"The largest outbreak in history of a highly contagious disease that
causes patients to bleed to death from every orifice has been confirmed
on Pakistan's frontier with Afghanistan. At least 75 people have caught
the disease so far and eight have died. An isolation ward surrounded by
barbed wire has been established at the Fatima Jinnah hospital in the
Pakistani city of Quetta."
This week, the authoritative Janes Defence Weekly announced that :
"Ali-Safar Makaanali, head of Iran's Border Quarantine Department,
has confirmed that Iranian health officials are also dealing with an outbreak
of the virus, with more than 100 citizens having been infected. Iranian
health authorities have established 40 quarantine bases on the border in
an attempt to halt the spread of the disease."
Evidence suggests the outbreak of the disease, called Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic
Fever, emanates from within Afghanistan, raising fears of an epidemic
as millions of refugees flee across the frontier into Pakistan. Crimean-Congo
Haemorrhagic Fever has similar effects to the ebola virus. Both viruses
damage arteries, veins and other blood vessels and lead to the eventual
collapse of major organs. As one doctor put it, a patient suffering from
haemorrhagic fever "literally melts in front of your eyes."
The location and the rather curious timing of this outbreak, the largest
in history, raises serious questions about its origin. As Dr. Taj Mohammad
of the Fatima Jinnah Chest and General Hospital in Quetta told a reporter:
"It's unheard of - very unusual. There's a real risk of an epidemic
among Afghan refugees."
A fact sheet distributed by the World Health Organization notes that,
"Although primarily a zoonosis (a disease that affects animals only),
sporadic cases and outbreaks of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever affecting
humans do occur. The majority of cases of human infection have occurred
in those involved with the livestock industry, such as agricultural workers,
slaughterhouse workers and veterinarians."
However, there is no indication that the inordinately high number of Afghani
victims were employed in such professions. How then did they contract this
feared disease? Experts have opined that the most likely culprit is "a
species of tick, Hyalomma marginatum, common in the afflicted areas."
Is this outbreak a natural occurrence? Not necessarily. A brief review
of the use of insects as carriers of biological warfare agents is in order.
According to Robert Harris and Jeremy Paxman's book "A Higher Form
of Killing", that history began during World War II, when the Japanese
cultivated the plague-infected flea as a biological weapon. Pingfan (a
biowarfare laboratory in Japan) was said to be capable of producing 500
million fleas a year.
Following the war, that technology was warmly embraced by America's biowarfare
engineers, who had their Japanese counterparts flown over to the United
States to share the tricks of the trade. Fort Detrick, the long-time home
of American biological warfare research, soon became the world's premier
site for developing such weapons of war as the "flea bomb".
Among the potential agents studied at Camp Detrick were anthrax, glanders,
brucellosis, tularaemia, meliodosis, plague, typhus, psittacosis, yellow
fever, encephalitis and various forms of rickettsial disease; fowl pest
and rinder-pest were among the animal viruses studied; various rice, potato
and cereal blights were also investigated.
Evidence clearly suggests that such weapons were utilised by the United
States in the war waged against North Korea. American pilots captured during
the war confessed to dropping flea bombs on the people of North Korea,
and Chinese officials published photographs of what they claimed to be
"American biological bombs." The US, of course, dismissed these
reports as ludicrous, claiming that the pilots had been "brainwashed"
into offering the confessions. The Chinese though assembled an international
committee of scientists - from the United Kingdom, Italy, France, Sweden,
Brazil and the Soviet Union - which in October of 1952 released a 700-page
report that concluded that "the peoples of Korea and China did actually
serve as targets for bacteriological weapons." The detailed report
listed the techniques that had been deployed in that war, "which
ranged from fountain pens filled with infectious ink, to anthrax-laden
feathers, and fleas, lice and mosquitoes carrying plague and yellow fever."
The US, needless to say, continued to deny and ignore the evidence indicating
the use of biowarfare agents, and continued to research and develop these
blatantly illegal and indiscriminate killers.
In 1956 the army began investigating the feasibility of breeding fifty
million fleas a week, presumably to spread plague. By the end of the fifties
the Fort Detrick laboratories were said to contain mosquitoes infected
with yellow fever, malaria and dengue (an acute viral disease also known
as Breakbone Fever for which there is no cure); fleas infected with plague;
ticks contaminated with tularaemia; and flies infected with cholera, anthrax
It would appear then that the United States has a long history of researching
and developing infected insects as biological warfare agents, and hasn't
been shy about deploying such weapons specifically to inflict civilian
casualties. Just one week before the September 11 attacks, the New York
Times reported that US biological weapons research was still very much
alive-and-well, though cloaked as always as "defensive" research:
"Over the past several years, the United States has embarked on a
programme of secret research on chemical and biological weapons that, some
officials say, tests the limits of the global treaty banning such weapons.
The projects, which have not been previously disclosed, were begun under
President Clinton and have been embraced by the Bush administration, which
intends to expand them."
In light of this history, is it really merely a fluke of nature that this
outbreak has occurred at this particular time and in this particular place?
It would seem, perhaps, that terrorists, rogue states and "the enemies
of democracy" are not the only people prepared to use terrifying
bio- weapons of mass destruction against innocent civilians in this "War
on Terror." ___
- Copyright 2001 Ian Gurney. Ian Gurney is the author of
the book The Cassandra Prophecy. Further information : www.caspro.com