Edited by Azizi Powell
This post provides information about & seven videos of various Afro-Peruvian dance and music forms. Those dance and music forms include, but aren't limited to "Lando", "the Panalivio", tap dancing, and "ToroMata". Information about Peru is also included in this post.
Click http://pancocojams.blogspot.com/2014/04/afro-peruvian-dances-music-zamacueca.html "Afro-Peruvian Dances & Music : Zamacueca & Festejo" for more information & videos about two other Afro-Peruvian dance/music forms.
The content of this post is presented for cultural, entertainment, and aesthetic purposes.
All content remain with their owners.
Thanks to all those who are featured in these videos, and thanks to the publishers of those videos on YouTube. Thanks also to all those who are quoted in this post.
INFORMATION ABOUT PERU
"Peru ... officially the Republic of Peru (Spanish: República del Perú, ... is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the west by the Pacific Ocean...
The Peruvian population, estimated at 30.4 million, is multiethnic, including Amerindians, Europeans, Africans and Asians. The main spoken language is Spanish, although a significant number of Peruvians speak Quechua or other native languages. This mixture of cultural traditions has resulted in a wide diversity of expressions in fields such as art, cuisine, literature, and music...
[Peru is a] multiethnic country formed by different groups over five centuries. Amerindians inhabited Peruvian territory for several millennia before the Spanish Conquest of the 16th century;... Spaniards and Africans arrived in large numbers under colonial rule, mixing widely with each other and indigenous peoples. Gradual European immigration from Italy, Spain, France, Britain, and Germany followed independence. Peru freed its black slaves in 1854. Chinese arrived in the 1850s, replacing slave workers, and have since greatly influenced Peruvian society.
...According to the CIA World Factbook, the majority of the people in Peru are Amerindians, mostly Quechua and Aymara, followed by mestizos. Yet, in a 2006 survey from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (INEI), the Peruvian population self-identified primarily as mestizo (59.5%), followed by Quechua (22.7%), Aymara (2.7%), Amazonian (1.8%), Black/Mulatto (1.6%), white (4.9%), and "Others" (6.7%).
With about 29.5 million inhabitants, Peru is the fifth most populous country in South America....
Peruvian music has Andean, Spanish, and African roots. In pre-Hispanic times, musical expressions varied widely in each region; the quena and the tinya were two common instruments. Spaniards introduced new instruments, such as the guitar and the harp, which led to the development of crossbred instruments like the charango. African contributions to Peruvian music include its rhythms and the cajón, a percussion instrument. Peruvian folk dances include marinera, tondero, zamacueca, diablada and huayno."...
Some of the summary statements to the videos found below contain information about that particular Afro-Peruvian music and dance form.
These videos are presented in chronological order based on their YouTube posting date with the oldest dates are given first.
Example #1: Festejo Lando - AfroPeruano Blanco y Negro
HowlingEarth, Uploaded on Jan 31, 2008
Dance group from Chincha, Peru
Example #2: Cajón Perú Miguel y José Ballumbrosio,"Chocolate" Algendones
Miguel Ballumbrosio, Uploaded on Oct 28, 2008
casa de la familia Ballumbrosio
Un homenaje al maestro "Chocolate"
que dios lo tenga en la gloria....
Example #3: Musica negra peruana
jairo diaz pedraza, Uploaded on Jan 6, 2009
Example #4: Peru - Lando,"Las Lavanderas" Diaspora Negra 14 2009
Katia Sanchez, Uploaded on Sep 26, 2009
Lando is one the most popular musical/dance styles in Afro-Peruvian folklore. De Rompe y Raja's arrangement of "Las Lavanderas" is based on the works of Afro-Peruvian folklorist Victoria Santa Cruz & Peru Negro Cultural Association about the life of black women in the "callejon". De Rompe y Raja was founded in 1995, as a cultural organization dedicated to preserving and promoting traditions and culture from the coastal region of Peru, where the music and motifs of European, African and indigenous people intersect.
Example #5: Afro-Peruvian Dance Competition Valentina de Oro 2009, CA (20-35 Year-Old Category)
margott1, Uploaded on Nov 9, 2009
A big THANK YOU to my trainer Rosagna Sanchez. Thanks to her, I was able to receive first place at the Afro-Peruvian dance competition Valentina de Oro 2009, California.
And thanks to my family for their support!! And also to the dance group Matalache Negro by Karen Menacho y Ashley Rivas and Gia Revelli's families for their support and cheers :)
This is an example of "Festejo" dance/music.
Here's a comment from this video's viewer comment thread:
"Wow this is a typical Eastern Nigeria Traditional style of dance."
Example #6: PERU NEGRO "Zapateo" - Estocolmo 1998
AcuarelaCriolla, Uploaded on Dec 27, 2009
Ballet Foklorico Peru Negro - Musikmuseeet, Estocolmo 1998. Zapateadores: Rony Campos, Lalo Izquierdo ^ Giberto Bramon; Guitarra: Roberto Castillo. Evento Producido por: Elena Gutarra
The English translation of "zapateadores" is "tap-dancers".
Example #7: Ritmos del Perú - panalivio
El Rincón de la Peruanidad, Published on Mar 27, 2012
Here is my transcription into standard American English of Google Translate's English translation of this video's summary statement that was written in Spanish. (Additions & Corrections are welcome):
"The panalivio is an ancient Afro-Peruvian dance. It was created by black people, brought from Spain as slaves for agricultural work. Previously also known as “penalivio”, the several centuries old panalivio includes songs of irony or optimism to ease the pain [that people incurred during their enslavement].
It is said that these panalivios songs exposed abuses & punishments that slaves experienced. Two different categories of songs with the same name were performed by Afro-Peruvians.. One of those categories is uptempo songs that involves tap dance and other movements that are performed in counterpoint to violin music. The other version of panalivio is like a slow lament, such as the habanera dance to the song "A la Molina I'm not anymore."
That song is still sung presently. It hasn’t changed over time. In fact, no new panalivios, at least not “ "legitimate", traditional panalivios have been created [since these songs were created centuries ago]. The best known [panalivio] is the one that says - "A La Molina's because I'm not constantly being severely punished with a whip ..." - and this song itself already provides historical information.
Ballumbrosio Amador was a great promoter of this dance. Besides being an excellent tap dancer, Amador played the violin and the Peruvian cajon.
The month of December as part of the celebration of Christmas in the district of El Carmen in Ica, it is a traditional custom to find performances of people singing panalivios and stomping to the beat of a violin and bells, in what is known as “the Negritos Hatajos”.
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