Structure of the Atom = Modern scientific micro vision
We could only know particles of atom by year 1900-50 as neutron ,proton,electron and their properties....and later on Sub atomic particles ....and further to ....God particle
All matter (solid, liquid or gaseous) consists of elements, of which there are more than 100. If, in theory, we cut a block of iron into smaller and smaller pieces, we would finally end up with the smallest piece possible that still has all the characteristics of the iron element. That smallest piece is called an iron atom.
An atom is very, very small. In fact, the size of an atom compared to the size of an apple, is like the size of an apple compared to the size of the Earth. Most atoms consist of three basic particles: protons (with a positive electrical charge), electrons (with a negative electrical charge), and neutrons (with no electrical charge). Protons and neutrons are bundled together in the center of the atom, called the nucleus. The electrons move around the nucleus, each in its own orbit like the moon around the earth.
Each atom of the same element is characterized by a certain number of protons in the nucleus.
That number is called the atomic number. Normally, the atom has the same number of electrons in orbit around the nucleus. This atomic number identifies the elements. The list of elements (ranked according to an increasing number of protons) is called the Periodic Table.
The number of positively charged protons is the same as the number of negatively charged electrons so that the atom is electrically neutral.
Energy equation of atom is zero. Energy equation of cosmos also is zero.
The electrons orbiting at the outside of an atom are the part of the atom that takes part in chemical reactions. They identify the atom chemically. These electrons can be thrown off by the atom, or more can be absorbed. An atom that has lost one or more electrons is positively charged; one that has picked up electrons is negatively charged. These "charged" atoms are called ions.
The nucleus of the atom also contains neutrons. Neutrons are about the same size as protons but have no electric charge. Neutrons are bound very tightly in the atom's nucleus with the protons. When the atom's nucleus contains as many neutrons as protons, the atom is stable. Most atoms are stable.
The Large Hadron Collider, the world's biggest atom smasher, has succeeding in producing the first proton collisions for which scientists are working since last few years at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (Cern), hailed the development as a "great achievement" and a major step towards mimicking the conditions that followed the Big Bang to unlock the secrets of the universe.....
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