一、語法 Grammar & Usage
Subject-Verb Agreement (I)
Human beings enjoy learning.
Everybody’s understanding is incomplete.
The people there are fighting for the independence of their country.
The dollars was a lot of money at that time.
There is a pen, two pencils and an eraser in the pencil box.
Neither the boy nor his teachers know the answer.
1）當主語為furniture， equipment， machinery等詞時，謂語動詞通常用單數。
The furniture in that shop is all made in China.
Office equipment is very expensive nowadays.
A lot of new machinery has been installed.
2）集體名詞如people， cattle， police， poultry，等往往作復數用。
Some people drive madly in this country.
Many cattle have died because of the fold.
The police have been sent there but they have not made any arrests yet.
Poultry are plentiful in that mountain region.
3)family, government, class, committee, audience , team, public 等詞被視做一個整體時，其后的動詞作單數；被視做為構成整體的個體時，其后的動詞則為復數。
His family is a happy one.
His family are all interested in stamp-collecting.
The Democratic Government is in power now.
The government is/are considering further tax cuts.
The audience was very quite when he was giving his speech.
The audience were shouting and laughing when he came into the hall.
Our class is the top class in the grade.
The class are busy taking notes.
Bacon and eggs is a very popular British breakfast.
Toast and marmalade (果醬面包) is my favorite breakfast.
Fish and chips (炸魚與土豆片) is served every day.
2）當主語是由and， both ….and 連接的并列結構時，如果主語所指的不是一種事物，動詞則用復數形式。
Jack and Mary are in love with each other.
Both Tom and John are absent today.
War, famine and drought have claimed thousands of lives in that country.
3)在又or或 nor連接的并列結構中，動詞單、復數形式一般與or 或 nor 后邊的名詞或代詞保持一致。
He or his brothers are to blame for this.
Either you or your friend has to pay the bill.
Either his father or his mother comes to see him every day.
When couples quarrel, (either) the wife or the husband has to give in.
Neither she nor you are mistaken.
Neither the manager nor the clerks are college graduates.
4) not only … but also 連接的結構做主語時，動詞的單、復數形式依據but also 后的名詞或代詞。
Not only Fred but also his parents love this small pet dog.
Not only the boys but also their mother is very ell.
Translate the following into English.
1) Use the verb + noun collocation.
出席會議 to attend a meeting 干的不錯 to do a good job
體驗苦難 to experience bitterness 自學英語 to teach oneself English
發現奇跡 to discover wonders 忍住咳嗽 to hold back one’s cough
掌握技能 to master skills 獲取知識 to acquire knowledge
需要勇氣 to require courage 豐富生活 to enrich one’s life
接受修正 to accept rectification 改正錯誤 to correct mistakes
不再指望 to cherish no hope 作出努力 to make efforts
2)Use the “useful expressions”.
The collapse of the big newly-built bridge led to criminal prosecution against an engineer and two local government officials.
He worked all day, leaving his lunch untouched.
Far from being a waste of time, regular sports activities make students physically strong and deal with their study better.
The seals and dolphins in the Sea World are capable of various acting techniques, and this makes children audience overjoyed.
Those who take delight in other people’s pain will suffer retribution sooner or later.
In some respects, that new dictionary has much to be improved.
When that bush rushed out of the road and turned over, many children got trapped in it.
At the opening ceremony, the municipal government will provide food and drink for more than 1,000 guests.
In China, every urban family is restricted to only one child.
As long as we can get a little rest, is doesn’t matter where we go.
3)Use learn, ask and teach.
That boy asked the policeman how to get to the railway station.
There are no shortcuts to learning a foreign language.
Learning that my favourite maths teacher is still teaching in that school, I decided to visit him.
This veteran worker taught his children to be honest.
He asked his boss whether he could leave off work a little earlier that day.
Difficulties and hardships teach us to be grateful for all that we have already had.
On his graduation, he asked to work in Tibet for one year.
All I want to do is just to show my care for others, and I hope to be treated in the same way by others. I am not asking too much.
Wise men learn lessons from their own mistakes.
Since it is well after midnight, there is no point in asking for help.
That scientist taught his students that young people should be gearing themselves for the future.
When asked what was the greatest pleasure in her life, she replied “learning”