Cascade hydroelectric power plant
FIELD: power industry.
SUBSTANCE: hydroelectric power plant includes a channel connected to a water reservoir initiating a dynamic flow and orthogonal turbines located inside the channel. The channel represents a pipe consisting of connecting links and provided with the turbines equally spaced throughout the pipe length. Turbines are made in the form of tubular modules with a drive shaft outlet and have the possibility of installing the modules between the connecting links of the pipe. In addition, annular elements of aerodynamic profile are fixed in modules.
EFFECT: higher efficiency of a hydroelectric power plant, lower structural complexity and metal consumption of the device, improved manufacturability, installation and operation and uniform distribution of loads between turbines.
4 cl, 4 dwg
The invention relates to hydropower and can be applied independently to generate electricity, and as part of hydroelectric dams, diversion hydropower, free-threaded HPP systems of water supply, sanitation, and water channels.
The famous river hydroelectric containing a bypass channel and a turbine connected to a generator, characterized in that, with the aim of expanding the application area, it is equipped with shields and straight pipes connecting the river with the bypass channel and arranged horizontally or inclined, and the bypass channel is made underground and is located on the shore parallel to the river, and the turbine is placed in the tail pipe or outlet pipe sections, with the panels installed in the river channel across the stream for the input sections of the pipes downstream of the river /RU Patent 2023806, 1994/.
Known hydropower plant is not high enough efficiency, too structurally complex and expensive in manufacture and Assembly, limitedly applicable at small elevation changes, not enough technology in operation.
Known micro hydro, including hydro turbine with a generator of electric current, derived out through the elbow draft tube and connected to the shaft of the turbine, characterized in that the bed of the stator of the generator is made in view of the shirt, which is tightly dressed on the stator pack, the ends of which are welded to the flanges of the bearing caps, and around shirts created the cover for the formation of a cooling chamber, which is supplied by a pipe, inlet and outlet cooling water, while the generator is designed with a smaller diameter, and an elongated package of the stator, and the rotor core on the outer surface of the shirt is made corrugation depth of the grooves of 0.5-1.5 mm and a width of 3-5 mm, and the surface of the stator pack is smeared dielectric molding composite /RU Patent 81773, 2009/. Known micro hydro is not high enough efficiency, is not sufficiently reliable in operation, not technological repairing, and operating limitedly applicable to low-speed flows.
Known small hydropower plant with active turbine, which includes the dam water intake, cone intake, penstock, the impulse turbine, the generator current to the actuator, characterized in that the cone intake performed by the cone only in the horizontal plane, the entrance of the bottom outlet and the entrance to the taper of the conduit are situated in one plane and above them on the crest of the dam water intake installed a warm room, a wall which is facing the reservoir, is located in front of the dam and its lower edge recessed on the amount of freezing water reservoir and the asset is th turbine is made in the form of a disk, rigidly mounted on the shaft of the turbine, both sides of which on its periphery fixed buckets, made in the form of snails, twisting incident jet of water from nozzle pressure conduit so that waste water jet fell by the main jet, each nozzle pressure conduit is made in the form of a cone associated with the valve pressure conduit via an intermediate conduit, and as the brake system to stabilize the speed of the turbine wheel and, consequently, the frequency of the current with the changing in the process station, the parameters of pressure and loads on the generator from customers current applied additional DC generator, shaft which is rigidly connected with the shaft of the main generator and the field winding, which through a diode bridge to feed current from the main, three-phase circuit of the main generator, in addition, in the control circuit of the excitation winding of the main generator is applied to the rheostat, designed to change the current in the excitation winding driven centrifugal plunger, for example, systems of the vehicle, which shaft is also connected with the shaft of the main generator /RU Patent 2305793, 2007/.
Known hydropower plant is not high enough efficiency, too structurally complex, it is not possible to automatically maintain a uniform distribution of the bookmark loads between the turbines, little is adaptable to the manufacture, installation and operation, relatively expensive and limited applicable when working on low-speed flows.
The closest is a river diversion hydroelectric power plant containing a bypass channel, turbines and generators installed therein, wherein the hydroelectric power plant is further provided with turbines and generators installed at the junction of the river and the Obvodny canal and the Obvodny canal downstream with the formation of the cascade, while hydroelectric made dam /RU Patent 2023201, 2007/.
Known hydropower plant is not high enough efficiency, too structurally complex, it is not possible to automatically maintain a uniform distribution of loads between the turbines, little is adaptable to the manufacture, installation and operation, relatively expensive and limited applicable when working on low-speed flows.
The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of hydroelectric power, reducing design complexity, metal consumption and manufacturing cost, improving manufacturability, Assembly and use, achieving a uniform distribution of loads between the turbines.
The task is solved in that in the cascade hydropower plant, including the channel associated with the originating dynamic flow reservoir orthogonal to Urbina, located within the channel, according to the decision of the channel is collected from the connector pipe with spaced along the length of the pipe turbines, made in the form of pipe modules with the output drive shaft and install the modules between the connecting links of the pipe, while at the entrance to each tube module is additionally fixed annular elements of the aerodynamic profile, and the output of the module - turbine, however, the distance between the transverse axes of the ring elements and orthogonal turbines corresponds to 0,6÷1,2 diameter of the pipe and couplings pipe and pipe modules are equipped with connecting flanges and lifting hooks.
Distinctive features are:
channel is selected from the connector pipe with spaced along the length of the pipe turbines (which increases the efficiency of hydroelectric power plants, improving manufacturability, Assembly and use, achieving a uniform distribution of loads between the turbines);
- turbine made in the form of pipe modules with the output drive shaft and install the modules between the connecting links of the pipe, (giving reduced structural complexity, improving manufacturability, installation and maintenance);
- in modules optional fixed number of the core elements of the aerodynamic profile (thereby increasing efficiency);
ring elements mounted at the entrance to each tube module, and the turbine - exit module (which provides the optimal value of the dynamics of flow when exposed to a turbine, manufacturability, and if necessary, replacement of worn-out elements);
- the distance between the transverse axes of the ring elements and orthogonal turbines corresponds to 0,6÷1,2 diameter of the pipe (which provides the optimal value of the dynamics of flow when exposed to a turbine to reduce the negative turbulent effects).
Thus, the proposed solution meets the criterion of "novelty".
The comparison of the proposed solutions with counterparts and other known solutions are not allowed to reveal in them the features distinguishing the claimed solution to the prototype that allows to conclude that the criterion of "inventive step".
The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 presents a General view of the slit, figure 2 - block connector pipe modules, 3 - pipe module in cross section along AA, 4 - pipe module, cross section B-B.
Cascade hydroelectric contains channel 1, the orthogonal turbine 2, the connecting links 3, pipe modules 4, the driving shaft 5, the ring elements 6, the flanges 7, the hooks 8, the generator 9. Cascade hydroelectric power plant operates as follows.
By connecting the disappearance 3 channel, 1 stream water moves inside the pipe modules 4, acting on the orthogonal turbine 2. In the process of moving the thread to wrap around the ring elements 6, thus there is a redistribution of flow velocities in the cross section of the channel (reduction of flow rate in the zone of the walls of the channel and the increased speed in the zone of the axis of the channel). This redistribution of velocities leads to reduction of total flow rate, the incident on the turbine blade 2 at angles of attack close to zero, thus increasing the efficiency of the turbine (str, Simulation of unsteady turbulent flows around moving bodies of complex geometry on the basis of the Navier-Stokes equations. Bulletin of Kharkov national University No. 847, 2009).
The capacity of hydro power is equal to the sum of the capacities of working equipment, the best is this distribution of load at which the total flow of all turbines minimum or average efficiency has the greatest value. For turbines with the same characteristics of the optimal conditions corresponds to an equal distribution of load between the working turbines (PP 156, Hydraulic machines: Turbines and pumps. Textbook for high schools. M: Energy, 1978-320 pages) Uniform load distribution between the turbines increases the efficiency of the hydro and reliable functioning of the orthogonal turbine.
Turbine via a drive shaft 5 initiate the operation of the generators electron is rgii 9. Thus, low-pressure flow in the channel 1 maximizes the impact of the dynamic component of water flow to the turbine 2. Serial distribution turbines in the channel 1 provides the full energy of the driving water flow that allows a high degree transform the momentum flux into electrical energy generators 9, however, the reduction in structural complexity and metal can significantly reduce the cost of manufacturing and installation of hydroelectric power.
Cascade hydroelectric power station provides increased efficiency of hydroelectric power, reducing design complexity, metal consumption and manufacturing cost, improving manufacturability, Assembly and use, achieving a uniform distribution of loads between the turbines, which contributes to the improvement of technical parameters of generated electric power, and also allows you to generate electricity from each turbine installed prior to the completion of construction of the entire cascade HPP.
1. Cascade hydroelectric power station, including the channel associated with the originating dynamic stream pond, orthogonal turbine located within the channel, wherein the channel is selected from the connector pipe with spaced along the length of the pipe turbines, the turbines are made in the form of pipe modules with the output drive shaft and install the modules between the connecting links of the pipe, in modules optional fixed annular elements of the aerodynamic profile.
2. Cascade hydroelectric power station according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular elements mounted at the entrance to each tube module, and the turbine - exit module.
3. Cascade hydroelectric power station according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the transverse axes of the ring elements and orthogonal turbines corresponds to 0,6÷1,2 diameter of the pipe.
4. Cascade hydroelectric power station according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting sections of pipe and pipe modules are equipped with connecting flanges and lifting hooks.
SUBSTANCE: device comprises a body made in the form of a semi-cylinder and a well. The body is separated by perforated partitions of semi-circular shape with formation of filtering sections between them. With external ends the partitions are connected to a coastal wall, in the middle part of which there is a vertical cylindrical well. The cover is installed on top of sections. Loading baskets are made of a geosynthetic material, have perforated walls that form cells between each other, where a foam polystyrene charge is located. Hinged loops with eyes are fixed on the upper parts of the baskets.
EFFECT: improved efficiency of device operation due to increased extent of water treatment and improved operation conditions.
SUBSTANCE: filter comprises a cylindrical body, the axis of which is arranged horizontally and in parallel to a flow of treated liquid, representing a shell, filtering elements and a washing accessory. Filtering elements are arranged of tubular form with the outer surface of filtering, represent slot grids, arranged in the form of a cylindrical spiral from a high-precision profile of a V-shaped form, and are fixed at two sides of the body. The washing accessory represents a T-shaped bracket, with two tubular frames installed on it with the possibility of rotation in bearing assemblies, on the sections of which arranged in parallel to filtering elements there is perforation.
EFFECT: increased reliability of device operation, simplified layout of a water-intake unit and higher efficiency of its cleaning from sludge ice and debris, and provides for protection of young fishes against ingress into a water-intake.
7 cl, 7 dwg
SUBSTANCE: filter comprises a cylindrical body, the axis of which is arranged horizontally and in parallel to a flow of cleaned fluid, representing a shell, filtering elements and a distribution device. Inside the body there is a header, with perforated pipes welded to it. Outside the body along the outer perimetre of the filter below the filtering element arranged between the body and the shell with a deflector, at the side of cleaned fluid flow movement there is a wedge-shaped perforated header installed. There is a vibrator installed on the body shell. Filtering elements are arranged of tubular shape with the external filtering surface, representing slot grates arranged in the form of a cylindrical spiral from a high-precision V-shaped bar with an anti-adhesion biologically inert coating and are fixed at both sides of the body.
EFFECT: higher reliability of device operation, efficiency of its cleaning from sludge ice and debris, and provides for protection of young fishes against getting into a water intake.
6 cl, 4 dwg
SUBSTANCE: method includes forwarding a larger part of Volga run-off from the Zhigulevskoe storage pond bypassing existing hydraulic structures of the Zhigulevskaya HPP along the valley of the Usa River for its supply into water-passage tunnels under a neck between water areas of the Zhigulevskoe and Saratovskoe storage ponds, designed to supply water onto blades of hydraulic turbines of a new hydraulic power plant in the area of the settlement Perevoloki of Samara region, and also for idle discharge of water into the water area of the Saratovskoe storage pond.
EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase the extent of protection of structures arranged in zones of possible breakthrough of water masses.
FIELD: instrument making.
SUBSTANCE: device includes perforated cylindrical pipe, streamlined head, cleaning device in the form of two brushes connected to a turbine; besides, one of the above brushes is installed outside a strainer, and the other one is installed inside it with possibility of being rolled over it. The device is also equipped with garbage protecting device in the form of a dome-shaped housing with vertical turnback plates radially installed along the generatrix of its surface from the top with decreasing height. Turbine is propeller-type. Turbine is installed in additional cylindrical connection pipe with possibility of being rotated about its axis and attached to dome-shaped housing with possibility of being rotated vertically about outlet pipeline axis.
EFFECT: use of the invention will allow improving water intake operating reliability due to reducing the impact of floating garbage contained in water.
4 cl, 6 dwg
FIELD: power industry.
SUBSTANCE: hydroelectric power plant includes water intake located outside bed of river, main capacity, pressure waterway and waterway of turbines. Along the whole bed of river there arranged is n regulating water reservoirs for water collection, each of which is equipped with a filling channel connected to the river bed and made in upper place as to level and dam with the height of up to upper level, which is made in lower place as to level. Discharge pipeline interconnected with river bed and equipped with a gate valve is installed at lower point of each regulating water reservoir. The main capacity is made in the form of the main water reservoir located below regulating water reservoirs in the section with high level difference and equipped with filling channel connected to the river bed, and dam with height of up to upper level, which are made in upper and lower places respectively as to water level. Pressure waterway is installed downstream as to level of the main water reservoir and made in the form of pressure pipelines with length of not less than 12-15 km depending on river water level difference in order to obtain the required head, which leave the main water reservoir. Pressure pipelines consist of winter pressure pipeline for minimum water flow rate and n summer pressure pipelines for maximum water flow rate. Pressure pipelines are connected to turbine waterway. Hydroelectric power plant also includes compensation water body located at the head level of turbine waterway, which is connected to waterway of turbines and equipped with pump group.
EFFECT: increasing operating efficiency of hydroelectric power plant.
FIELD: machine building.
SUBSTANCE: invention refers to hydroelectric power plants. Hydroelectric power plant includes runner 2 fully submerged into water and installed so that it can be rotated, housing with half-round groove, which encloses runner 2 on one side. The other side of runner 2 is located in water stream. Runner 2 is provided with horizontal rotation axis. Housing is arranged at the river bottom and hinged on the ends of arms the other ends of which are hinged to the piles mounted into the river bottom. External surface of the housing is concentric to the groove, equipped with radially located soil washing-out nozzles, as well as cutters. Hydroelectric power plant is provided with a drive to perform backward swinging movement of the housing relative to the arms.
EFFECT: simplifying the manufacturing technology and reducing the cost of hydroelectric power plant.
3 cl, 2 dwg
SUBSTANCE: intake works fish-protection structure is related to the field of hydroengineering facilities and is used to prevent ingress of roe, larvae, young fish and full-grown fish into the intake works. The structure comprises a water-intake pipe 15, an inlet flow-forming head wall 12, a fish-receiving pod 5, a fish-diverting nozzle 9, an output head wall 11 of the fish-diverting nozzle 9, a curvilinear U-shaped water-receiving chamber 1, chambers-shelters for fish 7. At the inlet of the water-receiving chamber 1 there are coarse garbage-retaining grates 2 installed. Between the curvilinear convex 3 and concave 4 walls of the water-receiving chamber 1 there is the fish-receiving pod 5 installed. The fish-receiving pod 5 is arranged in the form of a vertical curvilinear wall with holes for passage of a part of a fish flow 6 with fish into the chamber-shelter 7. In the centre of the curvilinear concave wall 4 of the water-receiving chamber 1 there is a receiving window arranged with guide blades 8 of the fish-diverting nozzle 9. The fish-diverting nozzle 9 is arranged in the form of a box with water discharge with fish along a pipe 10 towards the outlet head wall 11. The outlet head wall 11 is arranged outside the limits of the water intake action area. The inlet flow-forming head wall 12 is inserted into the curvilinear convex wall 3 of the water-receiving chamber 1. The inlet flow-forming head wall 12 is arranged in the form of radial vertical blades 13. In the space between vertical blades 13 there are inclined guide partitions 14. Partitions 14 forward the flow without fish into a vertical riser of a water intake pipe 15. The pitch 16 between guide partitions 14 reduces top down. At the ends of radial vertical blades 13 there are flexible canopies 17 fixed to divert fish to the fish-receiving pod 5.
EFFECT: higher efficiency of fish diversion back into an intake works.
SUBSTANCE: corrugate tubing for load-carrying structures of underground channels comprises a corrugate metal sheet of a rectangular shape in plan, made with perforated holes on a part of the surface and having side and end stiffening ribs. At the same time stiffening ribs along the perimetre of the specified sheet are arranged in the form of metal plates arranged perpendicularly to the sheet and welded to its edges with adjacency of corrugation ends to the side surface of two oppositely arranged plates. Besides, in the specified plates there are holes for fastening bolts, and perforated holes are arranged to inject a mortar to fill cavities between corrugate metal sheets and the surface of the underground channel or the defect load-carrying barrier structure.
EFFECT: reduced weight and dimension of a tubing, lower labour intensiveness and timing of construction.
SUBSTANCE: hydraulic power unit comprises a water intake, a discharge water conduit, a turbine and a drive of its generators. The hydraulic power unit water intake is made in the form of an artificial reservoir, which is built near a river. A water intake part of the discharge water conduit is connected to the artificial reservoir, and its upper edge is arranged at the level of or below the deepest natural point of the river bottom in a site of the artificial reservoir. The artificial reservoir is connected to the river by a canal or a water conduit, the bottom of which is made in the same manner at the level of or below the deepest natural point of the river bottom.
EFFECT: invention excludes impact of hydraulic power units and their construction at ecology of rivers and streams, where they are built.
FIELD: hydraulic structures, particularly fish passes in water-intake structures.
SUBSTANCE: method involves supplying water stream free of young fish in waterway; forming hydraulic screen near water-intake influence area to separate above area from main stream of water-intake structure; forming whirlpool area near water-intake shore edge. Water stream is formed upstream water-intake structure. Water for users is taken from whirlpool area formed by inner water spray boundary and shore edge. Facility includes water-intake structure arranged at shore line, water-intake pipes connected with pump, stream former and means for water stream creation in waterway. Means for water stream creation is made as channel operating in non-pressure regime and having outlet part arranged upstream water inlet. Marks formed on channel bottom and waterway bottom coincide one with another. Stream former is located downstream water intake and directed in downstream direction.
EFFECT: creating of hydraulic conditions to protect young fish from ingress in water-intake structure.
14 cl, 9 dwg
FIELD: hydraulic engineering.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulic works designed for preventing getting of young fish into diversion facilities. Proposed device contains fish retaining shield made in form of hollow guides arranged in tiers across water channels in depth with displacement of each upper tier towards diversion channel. It contains also perforated air duct located on bottom of water channel directly before said shield and train-and-fish trough arranged in upper part of channel in parallel with air duct and connected with outlet and device to let out young fish arranged in height of fish retaining shield. Guides of U-shaped are installed at angle to current of intake channel, their planes are perforated and open end part is pointed to bottom of water channel. Young fish let out device is made in form of perforated shields installed side guides for vertical displacement by drive in height of fish retaining shield relative to additional guides made from side of bank edges of intake channel. Perforation holes of shields and u-shaped guides do not coincide in light.
EFFECT: possibility of retaining and bringing young fish out of limits of influence of diversion facility.
FIELD: hydraulic engineering.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulic works designed to protect young fish from getting into diversion facilities. Proposed device contains fish retaining shield installed in channel and made in form of perforated pipelines arranged in horizontal tiers along entire depth of channel and connected with source of working medium, perforated air duct placed on bottom of channel directly before shield and trash-and-fish trough arranged in upper part of shield parallel to perforated pipeline and air duct which is connected with fish outlet. Perforated pipelines are furnished with ejectors and fish gathering troughs. Ejectors are connected with pressure line of pump and are placed inside perforated pipelines and in communication with fish gathering troughs through perforation holes made in horizontal plane along both sides of pipelines, fish gathering troughs being rigidly fastened opposite to perforation holes. Inner space of fish gathering troughs is provided with longitudinal horizontal partitions dividing the troughs into separate fish intake parts. Surfaces of fish gathering troughs pointed to surface and to bottom of water channel are made perforated. Cross partitions found inside separate fish intake parts form fish intake channels. Initial part of fish outlet is made with fish intake pocket over entire depth of water channel. End face parts of perforated pipelines pointed to side of fish outlet communicate with inner space of pocket.
EFFECT: provision of retaining and removing of young fish over entire depth of water channel.
3 cl, 7 dwg
FIELD: hydraulic engineering.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulic works designed to protect young fish from getting into diversion facilities. Proposed device contains fish retaining shield installed in water channel in tiers in depth of water channel with displacement of each higher tier to side of water intake channel, perforated air duct made in form of guides installed across water channel before shield on bottom of water channel, and trash-and-fish trough connected with fish outlet and arranged in upper part of shield parallel to air duct. Guides are made in form of flat plates rigidly installed at angle to flow in intake channel. Each plate is provided with horizontal axle in its upper part on which additional plate is secured from side of water intake channel for turning. Lower end face end of additional plate is provided with radial baffle whose surface has perforation holes. End face part of additional plates is provided with sector stopper from side of fish outlet, horizontal axles of plates being connected with drive. Additional plates can be perforated.
EFFECT: provision of retaining and bringing young fish out of the limits of influence of diversion facility.
3 cl, 12 dwg
FIELD: hydraulic engineering; fish protective facilities.
SUBSTANCE: invention is designed to draw off young fish from zone of influence of water diversion front. Method comes to ejecting young fish into intake part of ejecting plant from section of pond with higher concentration of young fish, creating active ejecting working stream in mixing chamber by entraining volume of water containing young fish into stream created by central ejecting hydraulic jet and further conveyance of water-fish mixture along pressure conduit into fish outlet. At the last stage of conveyance young fish is transported into fish outlet under no pressure conditions by forming hydraulic jet angle to trough of fish outlet, young fish being dropped on surface of fish outlet stream. Invention provides effective conditions for drawing off young fish into fish outlet and reduces damage to young fish. If working ejecting stream is preliminarily saturated with atmospheric air, its outer borders are saturated with air in form of finest microbubbles which form boundary layer ("air cushion") at contact with which young fish do not suffer from discomfort and easily take up hydrodynamic pressure built in mixing chamber. Moreover, provision of boundary layer saturated with microbubbles of air makes it possible to considerably reduce value of friction coupling of two streams, main getting from working nozzle and ejecting, containing young fish.
EFFECT: provision of good conditions for letting out young fish into fish outlet, reduced damage of young fish.
7 cl, 7 dwg
FIELD: hydraulic engineering.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices protecting young fish and preventing their getting into diversion facility. Proposed fish protective facility includes filtering water-separating dam made in form of vertical water-separating wall arranged along water intake channel and separating inlet part of channel from water conduit, device for preliminary drawing off young fish made in form of vertical rod installed for rotation by drive arranged before water-separating wall from its end face part pointed opposite to water flow. Rod is displaced relative to water-separating wall towards water intake channel. Device for preliminary drawing off young fish is furnished with additional means to increase fish draw-off effect, said means being made in from of flat round disks rigidly secured in height of rod coaxially with rod. Disks are installed parallel to each other forming slot water intake channels. End face part of water-separating wall adjoining the rod is provided with slots located opposite to planes of arrangement of disks. Disks are installed for free passing relative to slots. Invention provides higher efficiency of drawing off young fish out limits of zone of influence of diversion facility owing to provision of disks considerably increasing area of contact with surrounding medium and creating powerful circulation flow providing diversion of young fish and trash entrained by water behind outer surface of dam.
EFFECT: provision of effective conditions for drawing off young fish out of limits of zone of influence of diversion facility.
15 cl, 16 dwg
FIELD: hydraulic engineering.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fish protective facilities used in diversion facilities. Proposed fish protective facility includes vertical gauze shield installed in inlet part of water intake channel at angle to its longitudinal axis, fish outlet arranged in place of mating of shield with side of channel, and device for creating whirlpool current for washing the shield containing jet guide member and made in form of chambers adjoining outer surface of shield and forming water intake holes over entire depth of water intake channel. Chambers are made cylindrical being formed by surface of shield and jet guide member and are placed in communication through water intake holes formed by edges of shield of adjacent chambers and edges of jet guide members at place of their butt joining. Each chamber is provided with independent fish outlet made in form of vertical perforated pipe arranged coaxially to chamber and communicating by independent fish duct with fish outlet. Inlet part of water intake channel is made with tangential inlet, edge of left side of channel, shield and tangential inlet are arranged in one plane.
EFFECT: improved efficiency of washing of gauze shield and drawing off young fish and trash.
24 cl, 18 dwg
FIELD: hydraulic and hydropower engineering, particularly for building water-retaining structures to provide power supply to small settlements and farms.
SUBSTANCE: method involves assembling flexible apron assembly consisted of flexible floor apron and flexible downstream apron in watercourse; securing thereof to watercourse bottom by anchors. Water outlet assembly including hydroelectric generator arranged inside it is secured to floor apron and downstream apron by rigid ties. Connected to water outlet assembly by ties are water retaining shell and rope system secured to anchor poles located on watercourse bank.
EFFECT: reduced time of structure assembling and costs for electric power generation.
FIELD: hydraulic structures, particularly fish-passing devices included in water intake structures.
SUBSTANCE: method is based on young fish's tendency to follow moving objects. Method involves forming water permeable screen including flexible elastic members and extending for the full stream depth; providing means for flexible members displacement and installation in working position; providing preliminary young fish concentration in previously created artificial water-plants and transferring young fish into fish-passing channel. Water permeable screen is formed of flexible elastic members on level of stream carrying young fish with maximal concentration. Screen is created in horizontal plane, wherein flexible elastic members are reciprocated from one bank to another along with directing young fish concentrated inside screen in fish-passing channel. Flexible elastic members imitate natural water flora, which is native fish habitat.
EFFECT: provision of controllable water intake during change in vertical young fish descent dynamics.
27 cl, 21 dwg
FIELD: hydraulic engineering.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to device designed to prevent young fish from getting into diversion facilities. Proposed fish protective device includes suction branch pipe lowered under water level, water permeable shield, device to bring young fish off made in from of hydraulic wash-away device with slot arranged coaxially with suction branch pipe out of the limits of suction hole, feed pipeline connected with pressure line of pump and made inside suction branch pipe coaxially with the latter, and ring conical partition made coaxially to suction branch pipe and rigidly secured on outer surface of suction branch pipe. Hydraulic wash-away device is formed by two cup-like deflectors with concave side pointed to suction hole and installed one over the other to form ring slot directed along water permeable shield. Lower deflector is provided with central outlet hole whose diameter is smaller than diameter of jet forming nozzle arranged coaxially to hydraulic wash-away device and rigidly connected with end part of feed pipeline. Ring conical partition is installed with its larger base to side of suction branch pipe, its smaller base being arranged in plane of suction hole.
EFFECT: simplified design of fish [protective device, provision of effective bringing young fish of limits of influence of suction branch pipe.
7 cl, 8 dwg