I. V. Petrova, Doctor of Cultural Studies, Professor
Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts
14, Chigorin Street, Kyiv, 01042, Ukraine
FEATURES OF BECOMING AND DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURAL AND LEISURE PRACTICES IN ANCIENT GREECE
The analysis features of becoming and development of cultural and leisure practices in Ancient Greece is the goal of the article. The author justifies the preconditions which formed the appropriate hierarchy of life values of ancient Greek and reated the base for leisure development in Ancient Greece. It has been determined the leading preconditions such as absolute kosmolohizm, religiosity and polytheism, mental features of ancient Greeks and agon of Greek life, human cultural activity, polis political system, special perception of freedom as condition of absence of bright expressed domination over the human and strict regulation of the individual behavior, his personality initiative, existence of free time that isn't occupied by routine and care of urgent daily needs. It has been revealed the essence of such cultural and leisure practices as symposiya, gymnasiya, professional, religious and political groups, agons, theatrical performances, visiting of agora and organization of events. It has been argued that the general patriarchal orientation of Greek civilization affected the system of leisure organization in Ancient Greece. It has been justified the opinion that value of leisure was being determined by its role in the aid of social balance: between thetendencies to integration and differentiation of society and to its unification and hierarchy. Therefore, there were coexistent leisure formsconnected with the opposite social tendencies: some leisure demonstrations were acceptable for all (or for most) groups of population, they unitedand consolidated it, and others, limited by some requirements, extended social, cultural and political differences. Consequently there is a distribution of leisure practices on private (in which people could to participate according to their interests), and social (collective); obligatory (the participation was compulsory), and voluntary (choice of which depended only on desires of people); "high" (addressed only to mental and physical development of people), and "inactive" (passiverecreation, entertainment or bodily pleasure).
Key words: leisure, cultural and leisure practices, Greek culture, freedom, obligation, necessity, leisure civilization.
1. Arendt, H. (2000). Vita activa or about exciting life.St. Petersburg, Aletejja (In Russian).
2. Arіstotel. (1938). Poetyka. Antychna literatura: zrazky starohretskoi ta rymskoi khudozhnoi literatury [Poetics. Ancient literature: examples of the Greek and Roman fiction].Kiev, Soviet school.
3. Burkert, V. (2004). The Greek religion: antiquity and classics.St. Petersburg, Aletejja (In Russian).
4. Vindel'band, V. (1995). History of the ancient philosophy.Kiev, Tandem (In Russian).
5. Herod. (1968). Uchytel. Antychna literatura: khrestomatiia [Teacher. Ancient literature: chrestomathy].Kiev, Soviet school.
6. Zelinskij, F. F. (1995). Istorija antichnoj kul'tury [Histoty of the ancient culture]. St. Petersburg, Mars.
7. Ion Hiosskij. (1999). Jellinskie pojety VII–III vv. do n. je. Jepos. Jelegija. Jamby. Melika [Hellenic poetsVII–III centuties BC. Epos. Elegy. Iambus. Melik]. Moskow, Ladomir.
8. Lisij. (1994). Rech' o tom, chto ne dajut pensii invalidu, XXIV [It's about that they don't give retirementbenefits for disabled person, XXIV].Moskow, Ladomir.
9. Lukian Samosatskij. (2001).Anaharsis, ili ob uprazhnenii tela [Anacharsis or about body gymnastic].St. Petersburg, Aletejja.
10. Pavsanij. (1996). Hellas's description. V-X books.St. Petersburg, Aletejja (In Russian).
11. Platon. (2005). Banquet. Lviv, Ukraine Catholic University (In Ukrainian).
12. Platon. (1999). Legislation.Moskow, Mysl' (In Russian).
13. Platon. (1986). Lysidus. Dialogues. Moskow, Mysl' (In Russian).
14. Platon. (1993). Theatet. Collection of works. Moskow, Mysl' (In Russian).
15. Russell, B. Praise of idleness. Retrieved from http://royallib.ru/read/rassel_bertran/pohvala_prazdnosti (In Russian).
16. Strabon. (1964).Geografija v 17 knigah [Geography in 17 books].Moskow, Nauka.
17. Teokrit. (1968). Rybalky. Antychna literatura: khrestomatiia [Fisherman. Ancient literature: chrestomathy].Kyiv, Soviet school.
18. Frolov, Je. D. (2002). Al'ternativnye social'nye soobshhestva v antichnom mire [Alternative social communities in ancient world]. St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg university.
19. Frolov, Je. D. (1981). Fakel Prometeja: ocherki antichnoj obshhestvennoj mysli [Prometheus flame: essay of ancient social thought]. Lviv, Lviv National University.
20. Fukidid. (1968).Promova Perikla. Antychna literatura: khrestomatiia [Pericles speech. Ancient literature: chrestomathy].Kyiv, Soviet school.
Corresponding author: I.V.Petrova
Copyright © 2017 Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv University Publishing