José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva
- Web sites
External Web sites
Britannica Web sites
Articles from Britannica encyclopedias for elementary and high school students.
- José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)
(1763-1838). Along with his accomplishments as a statesman, Jose Andrada e Silva, the father of Brazilian independence, was also a geologist and natural scientist. His childhood was spent in his birthplace of Santos, Brazil. As a young man he went to Portugal for an education and did not return to his homeland until he was 56 years old. He spent his adult career as a professor at the University of Coimbra and as the permanent secretary of the Lisbon Academy in Portugal.