Restoring the Prehistoric Sturgeon in the James River
Matt Balazik is working to restore prehistoric sturgeon to James River in Virginia
Hopewell and Prince George, VA - Matt Balazik, PhD, is helping to restore the Atlantic sturgeon to the James River in Virginia. Balazik works for the Army Corps of Engineers and is a research assistant professor at the Virginia Commonwealth University Rice Rivers Center, just south of Hopewell, Virginia.
Balazik grew up in a house in Prince George County. “I could throw a baseball from my lawn into the James,” he said. “We knew of sturgeon, but it was more like folklore.” The sturgeon has disappeared from the James River. When Balazik went to Virginia Commonwealth University to earn a master’s degree in biology, he decided to write his thesis about the disappearing sturgeon. He continued that study for his doctoral dissertation.
“When the opportunity to work with sturgeon arose, I jumped at the chance,” he said. “As our research group learned more about sturgeon, we realized how little we knew. With very little funds, it was hard, but we made it through. The kind of ‘get credit for leading the field work aspect.’ This wasn't because I was smart but more likely because I was dumb. Who would be dumb enough to go chasing after these fish with no funds, hot days, constantly fixing nets that get snagged on all kinds of things in the water, and the list goes on. The one advantage is this research area was pretty much my backyard growing up; so I knew the water very well already. Plus the chance to work with something that was considered folklore while growing up is something I think most people dream of.”
Along with other scientists working at the Rice River Center, Balazik has been tagging and monitoring the movements of sturgeon in the James River for ten years. He and other scientists from Virginia Commonwealth University use large nets to catch the sturgeon, tag them and release them to their native waters. With a global satellite receiver, they record the pings from the acoustic tags inserted in the fish and track their migration. Since 2009, Balazik and his team have tagged 782 sturgeon.
Rice Rivers Center personnel and other members of the Virginia Sturgeon Restoration Team have built a 300-foot-long artificial sturgeon reef near the Presquile National Wildlife Refuge on the James River near Hopewell. Visitors must obtain a pre-arranged permit to visit the island. The National Wildlife Refuge will sponsor a public field day on September 22.
About Atlantic Sturgeon
According to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Atlantic sturgeon live in rivers and coastal waters along the East Coast. They can live up to 60 years, weigh up to 800 pounds and reach up to 14 feet in length. As juveniles, the fish swim from coastal rivers like the James into the ocean, but they return to their birthplace to spawn in the spring and fall.
Dating back perhaps 100 million years, sturgeon have changed little since prehistoric times. The armor-plated fish have five rows of external bony plates called scutes, a tail like a shark and a long hard head with four sensory barbels, or fleshy filaments, hanging from its snout.
Atlantic sturgeon were the mainstay of Jamestown colonists in the early 1600s, but by the late 1800s, the fish became nearly extinct. Overfishing, ecological changes and pollution led to the decline of the sturgeon. Virginia may have been the first state to declare a moratorium on fishing for sturgeon in 1974. In 2012 NOAA declared the Atlantic sturgeon an endangered species and fishing for sturgeon or its eggs (caviar) is illegal in the United States.
Visitors may connect with the VCU Rice Rivers Center by attending an open house. Visitors are welcome during the Rice Center open houses on the second Thursday of every month, from 1 to 4 p.m. Call 804- 827-5600 or email firstname.lastname@example.org for more information.Visitors who are interested in other environmental preservation projects and outdoor recreation should contact the Hopewell and Prince George, VA, tourism office: 1-800-863-8687. Tourism advisors at the center can provide details on area accommodations, itineraries, outdoor adventure, water sports, food, musical performances and entertainment in and around Hopewell and Prince George, Virginia.
Hopewell/Prince George, Virginia, is located 20 miles south of Richmond, Virginia, situated on 35 miles of historic riverfront on the Appomattox and James Rivers. Hopewell-Prince George is just off Interstate 295 between Richmond and Williamsburg and has major transportation arteries running through it – Route 10, Route 460, and I-85.