Frequency Shift keying:-
In a Binary FSK system , Symbols ‘1’ and ‘0’ are distinguished from each other by transmitting one of two sinusoidal waves that differ in frequency by a fixed amount. (or) the frequency of the carrier signal is shifted to two frequencies fc1 (or)fH and fc2/fL for symbols ‘1’ and ‘0’ transmission.
The equation for FSK signal is
and i= 1,2.
where is generally a high-frequency, is a low-frequency. Vice-versa is also true.
FSK wave forms:-
FSK/BFSK Generator :-
The input to the FSK generator is a binary sequence 1 0 1 0 …..etc.
- FSK generator uses two product modulators upper modulator and lower modulator with carriers and
- A level shifter is there in which the output of level-shifter is volts when the input is a binary ‘1’ and ‘0’ volts for the input ‘0’.
Input to the level shifter output of the level shifter ‘1’ ‘0’ 0
- The working of FSK generator is as follows, when input binary sequence ‘1’ on the upper modulator 1 has been shifted to a voltage so that the output of product modulator 1 is
and on the lower modulator input is ‘1’ is passed through an inverter and the output of inverter is ‘0’ then the output of level shifter will not change it remains at ‘0’ volts itself, then the output of the second product modulator is
∴ the over all output
similarly, when the input sequence is a binary ‘0’ , intermediate outputs at the product modulators and .
∴ the over all output which is the required output for binary ‘0’ transmission.