When Louis XVI wanted to change (raise) taxes, what did his nobles make him do?
They made him call the Estates-General. It waas the first time in 175 that they met
How did the National Assembly come about?
The 3rd estate wanted change, so they asked the king to give them this.
In the Assembly, the 3rd estate had ________ the number of the 1st and second estates. Why didn't this work in their favor?
They voted by estate, not by person, so the first two estates dominated.
How did the king deter the 3rd estate from meeting in the Assembly on their own?
He locked up the meeting hall and they had to go to Dr. Guillotin's friend's tennis court.
What happened when the king fired Necker?
Well, the people loved this financier, so they got really mad and threatened to rebel. The king responded by getting a foreign army to fight/defend the royalty.
Why did the king hire foreign troops to fight before the storming of the bastille?
They wouldn't feel compelled to protect their 'own' citizens.
From where did revolutionaries get what on July 14, 1789?
They got guns from a prison in Paris and gunpowder from the Bastille where they killed the guards and people in charge.
For what did the Declaration of the Rights of Man ask?
Free speech, freedom of press, other things similar to those in the declaration of independence.
What happened when the government levied high taxes and refused to control the price of goods (e.g. bread).
Housewives marched to Versailles and then brought the King and the Assembly back to Paris.
What was Bishop Talleyrand's idea? How did it work out?
He wanted to cure the debt by confiscating the Church's lands and using it to back bonds. The government eventually started selling too many bonds and they could not pay them back.
Why was the Civil Constitution of the Clergy drafted?
The clergy was not getting paid by the government and the government had decomissioned monasteries. They made 50 % of the clergy work for the state (juring). The other 50% was non juring.
What idea did the non-juring clergy members spread?
They didn't like the revolution because the revolutionaries took away the Pope's power and their church positions. They spread this idea to their village's people.
What effect did Louis XVI's fleeing to Varennes have?
People no longer wanted the king listed in the National Assembly's constitution so they removed the king and became a Republic (eventually).
Complete the sentence: Oh Bay___ Bay___.
French people from which classes disliked the king?
The Girondins and the Jacobins both wanted no king. What was the difference between them?
Jacobins wanted to control the economy
Girondins wanted it to run itself
Charlotte Corday was a Girondist
Why was the new calendar created? When was the first year?
To show the church's power
The first year of the republic was year 1
What did the Law of Suspects and the Law of General Maximum do?
Arresting people based on suspicion
Putting a cap on the price of goods
What did Marie Antoinette's behavior do for her on trial?
It made her look arrogant and rude.
What prominent female leader convinced the Girondins to stop using violence in their politics? What happened when they did this?
The Jacobins raided a Girondin meeting and killed the Duc'd Orleans, Mme Roland, and Mayor Bailly.
The Hebertists were (radicals/conservatives)?
They (followed/hated) Robespierre?
What happened at Danton's trial?
He put up a great defense, and people in the crowd loved him, but eventually the prosecutors rushed the trial and gave him no chance to defend himself. He was killed.
Why did Robespierre lose his trial? What were the conditions with his incarceration when the trial was extended to the next day?
His defense was more like a speech of vengeance than a defense speech.
He was kept at a hotel because the jailers were afraid to be in charge of him. He tried to shoot himself, but they kept him from dying.
When was the convention abolished? What replaced it?
What was the problem with the Directory?
It was useless because the executive and legislative branches couldn't override each other.
How did Napoleon come to power?
He had success on his campaigns in Italy and then he was asked to help take over the Directory. Things didn't go as planned, and Napoleon had to bring in his army. He was then named as one of the 3 consuls in the Consulate form of government.
When did the Directory begin and end?
Napoleon got rid of the other two Consuls and got a peace treaty with whom? What was it called? What were the results of it?
Catholicism was the main religion of France, people could practice any religion, the church didn't get its land back but the government paid the clergy
What was the deal with the Emigres and Napoleon?
He invited them back (they were nobles who left during the Revolution) but they could not get their land back.
What did the Napoleonic Code do?
It solidified the rights gained in the Revolution.
Before invading England, what did Napoleon invade?
Austria, Russia, Prussia (he won)
Why couldn't Napoleon invade England?
They had a chait navy and France didn't.
What happened at the battle of Trafalgar?
General Nelson (British) won, but he was killed by a French sharpshooter. Napoleon used a V formation to break British lines.
Why was Napoleon such a good commander?
He moved his men fast and lived off the land, he had good strategy, his men liked him.
What was Napoleon's first mistake? Explain.
He invited the king of Spain and his dad to a meeting. He arrested them and made them give up their kingship. Napoleon gave it to his brother Joseph, but the people got mad and started using Guerilla warfare (aided by troops from England).
What was the Continental system?
It was a continent-wide embargo (no trade) on England.
What was the downfall of the Continental System?
The Russian Czar said no to it, so Napoleon invaded Russia and defeated them initially at Borodino. When he moved to Moscow, the Russians burned the land so Napoleon had to turn back. Then, winter set in early and Napoleon was kinda screwed. On his way back, he was defeated at Leipzig.
Tell about Napoleon's banishment, comebacking and rebanishment.
They sent him to Elba on the coast of Italy. He got word of the suckishness of Louis XVIII and then he came back. The army sent to arrest him was like, "wee love youuuuu", so he marched to Paris. Louis XVIII left and they had the Battle of Waterloo against the British. The Brits won, so Napoleon was then sent to St. Helena in E Africa where he died.
What were the Congress of Vienna's three main goals?
-Legitimacy (people rule rightfully)
-Balance of power (nobody has too much like Napoleon)
-Mutual compensation of victor (if you win a war, you get stuff)
I didn't put any stuff from the textbook notes on here so: