Relationship & Differences between Federal, State, & Local Governments in Nigeria
The power sharing and revenue sharing between the federal, state and local relationship between the 3 tiers of government in Nigeria - federal state and local . Civic Education JSS2 Second Term Week 2 Topic: Relationship between The Federal, State and Local Governments Relationship between The Federal, State . Free Essay: Forms of Local Government The basis for county, city and special district Relationship Between The Federal Government And The United States.
Often times, the relationship of the three tiers of government is a talking point based on the revenue sharing formula that allocates resources from the Federation Account amongst the three tiers of government—currently The FRN is composed of 36 states that share sovereignty with the Federal Government and 1 federal territory administered solely by the Federal Government.
Also, the Federal Government is composed of three distinct branches: The Executive Arm The executive arm is better explained within the context of the presidency.
Generally, politics in Nigeria takes place within the framework of a federal, presidential, representative democratic republic, in which executive power is exercised by the government.
The President of the Country serves as the head of the Federal Executive Council which is also known as the cabinet. The executive branch is divided into Federal Ministries, each headed by a minister appointed by the president. The president must include at least one member from each of the 36 states in his cabinet.
In some cases, a federal minister is responsible for more than one ministry for example, Environment and Housing may be combinedor a minister may be assisted by one or more ministers of State. Each ministry also has a Permanent Secretary, who is a senior civil servant.
The ministries are responsible for various parastatals government-owned corporationssuch as universities, the National Broadcasting Commission, and the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation. It has members, who are elected for four-year terms in single-seat constituencies. On the other hand, the Senate has members and it is presided over by the President of the Senate.
One member is selected in the single-seat constituency of the federal capital. Nigerian Navy Recruitment Process C. The National Judicial Council serves as an independent executive body that protects the judiciary from the executive arm of government. The Supreme Court is presided over by the Chief Justice of Nigeria and thirteen associate justices, who are appointed by the President of Nigeria on the recommendation of the National Judicial Council. These justices are subject to confirmation by the Senate.
State Government We can understand what the State Government is by defining what a state is. A state is defined as a group of people permanently occupying a fixed territory and bound together by common habits and custom into one political body. In Nigeria, states enjoy a level of sovereignty, but this sovereignty is within the constraints of the Federal Government as provided for by the constitution. Each state in Nigeria has its own capital city and it is governed by an elected official known as a governor who serves a maximum of two 4 year tenures maximum of 8 years.
Just like the federal government, the state government has its executive, legislative and judicial arms. Here are some of the roles the State Government plays in the country. Security of Lives and Properties The state government plays an important role in the security of lives and properties along with other levels of government. Provision of Basic Amenities Also, the state government is responsible for providing amenities such as good roads and potable drinking water for the people.
Although amenities like electricity are the sole responsibility of the Federal Government, the state government can also complement the efforts of the government at the federal level to provide these amenities by embarking on rural electrification projects. In some cases, some state governments purchase transformers, electric poles and cables in order to assist the distribution companies to extend electricity supply to the people.
Creating Environment for Businesses to Thrive This is done by providing loans and tax holidays to small and medium entrepreneurs as well as large-scale investors. The provision of security and basic amenities are also important in helping businesses thrive.
Relationship between federal and state governments : local government in SearchWorks catalog
Establishment of Educational Institutions Every state has at least one state-owned tertiary institution along with the scores of state-owned primary schools, secondary schools, and technical schools. This role is essential in improving the level of education available in these states as well as providing employment to residents of the states in the form of academic and non-academic jobs.
Establishment of Health Care Facilities One of the roles of the state government is providing health care at a subsidized rate. In this case, the state government build, equip and run hospitals where people can get good quality healthcare at an affordable cost.What are the three tiers of government in Nigeria?
Because the Federal allocations are normally given to state governments on a monthly basis but this is never enough to foot the bill of the state. These areas have state endorsed representative councils, who have been delegated specific power by the state government to make certain laws that address the unique needs of their locality while carefully observing the larger constitution of the nation.
The Local Government is the last link in the chain of authority nearest to the local communities and the grassroots. Some functions of the Local government include: Providing recommendations to the state thereby helping the state to be more precise in its planning. Providing welfare of the destitute in their locality Generating revenues for the state through vehicle licensing Responsible for the naming of streets and roads and numbering of houses Responsible for the registration of births, marriages and death.
Provision of public utilities to the people such as construction and maintenance of roads, construction of drainage, provision of street lighting, recreation centres like parks and gardens and open spaces among others. Even though collaboration is a type of relationship between the tiers, there are other areas of cooperation or relationship. The power sharing relationship This is the first area of the relationship among the tiers of the government in Nigeria.
Each of the tiers has a type of an important list. There are three types: The exclusive list can be considered as a symbol of power. The concurrent list belongs to the federal and state governments. The residual belongs to the states.
The "power sharing" means that even though there are certain lists that belong to each tier, the responsibilities can be shifted among them in order to get better results. For example, even though primary education is in the list of the state government, other tiers can take it up when needed. The power sharing relationship between the tiers means more productivity which is a great thing for the country, if you ask us.
However, it leads to another area of cooperation. Revenue sharing or allocation This means that there are taxes that are collected by one tier of government on behalf of another. It mostly occurs when the power and responsibilities for certain areas are shifted between tiers, like during the "power sharing" times.
It is common to have revenue sharing or allocation between the federal government and one of the other tiers.
It means that they are only responsible for issues on the local level. It is also known that the federal government is empowered by the Constitution and can have a significant impact on local government matters.
The big impact of the federal government on the local government matters was the cause of dispute between many Nigerians.