Form plurals of nouns or family names that end in s, z, x, ch, and sh by adding es. Example: The Joneses live in Gates.
Form plurals and possessives of proper names that end with s, x and z. Examples: Burns’ poems, Marx’s theories, Savitz’s holdings
Plural possessives combine the above rules. Example: the Joneses’ reunion.
Form plurals of the following by adding s alone.
the late 1960s
CODs and IOUs
MAs and PhDs
For single letters, use ’s.
Mind your p’s and q’s
He learned the three R’s
Academia is home to many surviving Latinisms, but it’s easy to confuse singular and plural forms. Most commonly you’ll find (singular/plural):