Tobacco use (Smoking/smokeless form) in the underdeveloped countries like Pakistan, border region with Afghanistan & Iran is according to their socio-culture presentation.AIM: Is to demarcate consumption of tobacco as per the living /cultural pattern.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The incidence of tobacco related diseases had been with individual concern in relation to his/her brought up (cultural) or in relation to place of work/living (social) .As from daily life every individual follow all taught from cultural restrictions/surroundings. Pollution arising from place of work/living had additive deleterious effects on health outcome of tobacco users. The degree of health consequences is proportional to the intensity of exposure, duration of exposure & the nature of occupational products/by products. In a study conducted in various cities /towns/villages in Pakistan & border regions of Afghanistan/Iran the incidence of smoking/tobacco use with occupational exposure had been as under,
Please see the attached tableMetropolitan citiesHigh literacy rateRelatively Low literacy rateVery low literacy rateMaleFemale20–30%3–5%*MaleFemale45–65%*2–3%MaleFemale60–80%*1–2%Small cities/TownsMaleFemale35–40%2–6%MaleFemale50–70%4–7%MaleFemale65–85%4–7%VillagesMaleFemale40–55%5–8%MaleFemale55–70%6–9%MaleFemale70–90%6–10%for details.In some communities tobacco preparations had been presented as a mean of entertainment/hospitability, as a symbol of fashion. The steady rise in new smokers outnumbers those willing to quit.CONCLUSIONS: In some communities tobacco use (Smoking/smokeless) had been interwoven right from birth as cultural follow up as an act of obligation, in others from Place of work, living as incitation.*Smoking as cigarette more popular in civilized/educated*Smoking as cigar/pipe more common than cigarette*Smoking as Huqa & smokeless tobacco more common than
In underdeveloped countries rapid urbanization is associated with an increased tendency to smoking specifically amongst youths.
M. Ishaq, None.