Historically, telecommunications have occupied a prominent place in human society. The area occupied by this segment has risen sharply in the past thirty years, by the mobile networks becoming available to the general public. A mobile radio network is primarily a wireless network. It establishes a communication between two individuals that continues even when they are traveling. It uses radio waves. The first technology to be used by most mobile operators was GSM. To increase the comfort of subscribers receiving multiple services such as access to broadband Internet, or downloading audio and video while moving, multiple networking standards have emerged. In this memoir, which deals with "the technological evolution of mobile radio networks: what future for GSM infrastructure?" we will first describe, the GSM network. We will then study the developments seen in the industry, while highlighting the potential compatibility in terms of infrastructure between them and the GSM technology. Finally, we will provide some solutions to optimize the deployment of a cellular network to reduce investment costs.
[...] In GSM mode, it has access to all the features of a regular GSM terminal. In GPRS mode, it can initiate data sessions. A GPRS mobile class C has two possible behaviors: Mobile GPRS Class CC: It registers to the GSM network and acts as a GSM mobile phone and can not access to services switching circuit. Mobile GPRS Class CG: It registers to the GPRS network to access GPRS services only. A class C mobile GPRS requires at least one IT in the uplink and in the downlink IT. [...]
[...] The establishment of a GSM network is a significant investment. If in the case of DSC 1800 stations emit no more than 2 km, we can estimate the time and especially the cost of investing in a good cellular deployment on a large coverage. At present, international telecommunications organizations working in the development of advanced networks and norms that will not only ensure quality always greater coverage but also allow the integration of new services such as access to internet, video streaming on mobile, etc . [...]
[...] Backbones GPRS All entities SGSN, GGSN, potential IP connecting SGSN and GGSN routers and links between devices are called GPRS backbone network (GPRS backbone). There are two kinds of GPRS backbones: • Backbone intra-PLMN: This is an IP network belonging to the GPRS network operator to connect GSNS this GPRS network. • Inter-PLMN Backbone: This is a network that connects GSNS different operators GPRS network. It is implemented if there is a roaming agreement between two operators GPRS network. Two Intra-PLMN backbone can be connected using Border Gateway (BGs). The functions of the BG are not specified by the recommendations GPRS. [...]
[...] It has a dual watch mode which scans conventional calls and requests GPRS service but can only activate one type of service. If the user is active in a GPRS session and receives an incoming phone call, it can either continue its session in which case the call is redirected to the voicemail or accept the call and in this case, GPRS session is suspended and will be resumed at the end of the call. A class B GPRS mobile requires at least one IT in the uplink and in the downlink IT. [...]
[...] • The proliferation of sites in the coverage area. Indeed, with the 1800MHz band, the scope of a GSM antenna varies from 500m to 4km. So each operator must have at least 1km each, a relay antenna to relay the signal. This will have a negative impact on the environment and on the health of the population. The MOOV operator for total coverage and around Abidjan has implemented more than 200 sites. Two interesting calculations can be made: 1. The cost of investment in Abidjan and its suburbs level 200 * 80,000,000 = The number of operators will soon increase to seven by the arrival of three other operators, then we can estimate the number of sites to 7 * 200 = 1400 for the city of Abidjan and its suburbs. [...]
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