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Human tissues I
Terms in this set (65)
What are the 4 major tissue types?
What is the name of the epithelial tissue lining blood vessels?
What is the name of the epithelial tissue lining skin?
What are the two components of the extracellular matrix?
fibers and ground substance
What phase of development begins histogenesis at day 15/16 in early embryogenesis?
What are the three germ layers created in gastrulation?
What germ layer do the lungs, lining of gastrointestinal tract, thyroid, liver, and pancreas develop from?
What germ layer do neural tissues, epidermal derivatives, and sensory placodes develop from?
What germ layer does connective tissue, skeleton, muscle, heart, kidney, blood, and gonads develop from?
What type of light microscopy uses the absorption of visible light?
What type of light microscopy uses a variation of thickness in the refractive index?
What type of light microscopy uses a contrast of gradients of refractive index across specimen?
differential interference contrast
What type of light microscopy uses scattering of light?
What type of light microscopy uses the difference in refractive index of perpendicular beams of polarizing light?
What type of electron microscopy uses fixation and embedding similar to light microscopy but the specimen is subjected to electron beams?
transmission electron microscopy
What type of electron microscopy is used on thicker specimens or whole cells and coats the specimen with metal films?
scanning electron microscopy
What type of electron microscopy uses frozen specimens that are cleaved to expose the inside of the cell?
What basic dye stains acidic material blue or purple?
What acidic dye stains basic material red or pink?
What selective dye stains carbohydrates pink or red?
Which of the three dyes stains nuclei the best?
Which of the three dyes stains intestinal epithelium the best?
What does a confocal lens do to fluorescence microscopy?
gives the image more definition
What type of fluorscent labeling would be used when there are not antibodies to protein you want to see but you do have the sequence for it?
RNA in situ hybridization
What are the four essential processes for generation of a multicellular organism?
epithelial cells situated on top of?
basement membrane aka basal lamina
What lies beneath the basement membrane/basal lamina?
What cell type makes up the majority of connective tissue?
There are two types of interactions between cell adhesion molecules: homophilic and heterophilic. Which two of the major cell adhesion molecules are homophilic?
There are two types of interactions between cell adhesion molecules: homophilic and heterophilic. Which two of the major cell adhesion molecules are heterophilic?
What do selectins connect to?
What do integrins connect to?
What cell adhesion molecule is responsible for strongly and closely holding cells in an early mouse embryo?
What type of epithelial junction seals the gap between epithelial cells?
What type of epithelial junction connects actin filament bundle in one cell with that in the next cell?
What type of epithelial junction connects intermediate filaments in one cell to those in the next cell?
What type of epithelial junction allows the passage of small water soluble molecules from cell to cell?
What type of epithelial junction anchors intermediate fibers in a cell to ECM?
What type of epithelial junction anchors actin filaments in cell to ECM?
actin-linked cell-matrix adhesion
What type of apical/luminal surface modification are short cytoplasmic processes extending from the cell surface?
Are microvilli motile or not motile?
What type of apical/luminal surface modification are rather long microvilli that are not motile?
What type of apical/luminal surface modification are long cytoplasmic processes extending from the surface that can be seen with a light microscope?
Are cilia motile or non motile?
can be either
What type of basolateral surface modification are infoldings at the basal surface to increase the surface area with a high concentration of mitochondria?
What is another name for tight junction?
What is another name for desmosome?
What is another name for adherens junction?
What is another name for gap junction?
What type of transport happens across tight junctions?
What three epithelial junctions makes up a junctional complex?
What is the function of epithelium in the pleura, pericardium, and peritoneum?
lubrication - allows movement of organs within cavities
What germ layer(s) is(are) epithelium derived from?
all three - ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
T/F: there are no blood vessels in epithelium and cells are normally polarized
What domain is the nucleus found in a polarized epithelial cell?
T/F: all glandular material is derived from epithelium and thus has similar features
T/F: one of the functions of the basal lamina is to selectively filter molecules
T - such as in the glomeruli
What type of stain makes it possible to visualize the basal lamina?
Electron microscopy can resolve two layers of the basal lamina. What are they?
lamina densa (dense layer)
laminae lucida (on one or both sides of dense layer)
What are the two major components secreted by epithelial cells into the basal lamina?
type IV collagen (collagen type 4 is on the floor)
What cell adhesion molecule holds laminin to the cell?
What do integrins interact with in the cytosol?
What do integrins interact with in the ECM?
What type of collagen in the ECM are anchoring fibrils that stitch the basememnt membrane to the connective tissues?
type 7 (VII)
The organization epithelium and nearby tissues are usually as follows:
What are the two exceptions to this? Why?
cells in these two locations share a basement membrane because it reduces the distance required for gas/ion exchange
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