CAN YOU FEEL THE WEAL WITH THIS WORD OF THE DAY QUIZ?
Origin of vaccine
OTHER WORDS FROM vaccinepro·vac·cine, adjective
Words nearby vaccine
What does vaccine mean?
A vaccine is a substance introduced into someone’s body to prevent them from getting a specific disease. It usually consists of a small amount of a killed, weakened, or otherwise modified version of a disease (such as a virus or bacterium).
Example: The polio vaccine has saved millions of people.
Where does vaccine come from?
The history of the word vaccine is inseparable from the history of vaccines themselves. The story usually starts with smallpox, a highly contagious disease that killed millions of people throughout history. For a long time, people tried to reduce the risk of getting a deadly case of smallpox by infecting themselves with material (a nice way of saying scabs or pus) from a person who had a mild case of it. Sometimes, it worked—but it could also kill people.
In the 1790s, English doctor Edward Jenner got a big idea when observing people who milked cows and had gotten cowpox (a mild skin disease in cows that can be transferred to humans). Such people often seemed to be immune to the similar but much more serious smallpox. Jenner developed a process of introducing a small amount of cowpox into people’s bodies to protect them against smallpox (at least temporarily). He called this process vaccination, based on the Latin name he developed for cowpox, variolae vaccīnae (from the Latin vacca, meaning “cow”). And thus vaccine—both the word and the thing—was born. The development of the smallpox vaccine eventually led to the complete eradication365体育投注网站 of smallpox from the world in 1979. (A few samples are still kept in highly secure labs in the United States and Russia for research purposes).
Widespread adoption of vaccines365体育投注网站 is credited with saving millions of lives and successfully suppressing the spread of diseases like polio.
Today, vaccines typically consist of a small amount of a disease that’s modified in a way that won’t make people sick, the way the same small amount of the unmodified disease could. Some of these vaccines are killed or weakened versions of the disease, while others are microorganisms whose DNA has been modified to make them ineffective. In any case, the idea is the same: introducing an inactive or less effective version of the disease allows the body’s immune system to produce antibodies. These antibodies are there to destroy the disease if it ever enters the body again—ideally, granting immunity against the disease.
This is why the term vaccination is closely associated with immunization. Another closely related term is inoculation, which refers to the process of introducing a substance like a vaccine into the body to boost immunity. Most vaccines are administered through the skin with a syringe365体育投注网站, though some can be given in another way, such as with a nasal spray.
The most common side effect of vaccines is soreness around where the shot was given. Vaccines can have serious side effects, but they are extremely rare. (Out of a million vaccinations, a few people might have a severe allergic reaction.) However, some people in recent years have begun to oppose the use of vaccines, especially in children, due to varying beliefs about the risks involved, many of which are not based on science. Such people are said to be (or identify as) part of what has been called the antivax movement.
Doctors and public health officials urge the continued use of vaccines due to the risk of what could happen without them. Without vaccines, individuals and entire populations would be at risk of getting many once-widespread diseases that have nearly disappeared from daily life. (For example, in some areas with low vaccination rates, there have been outbreaks of diseases once largely suppressed by vaccination, such as measles.) Of course, not every disease can be prevented by vaccination, but scientists continue to work on the development of new vaccines.
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What are some other forms related to vaccine?
What are some words that share a root or word element with vaccine?
What are some words that often get used in discussing vaccine?
How is vaccine used in real life?
Vaccine is commonly used in the context of medicine. Children get different vaccines at different ages, and many people get a flu vaccine every year.
Flu numbers are surging in Oklahoma, 649 hospitalizations and 12 deaths so far, and we’re nowhere near the peak. Get your flu vaccine! It even comes in a nasal spray. No excuses.
365体育投注网站— Jackie Fortiér (@JackieFortier)
45 year old died of cervical cancer. Don't tell me that HPV vaccine isn't important.
— doctor runner (@MGastorf)
The response to my criticism of belief in healing crystals: "if it's not hurting anyone who cares." Ignorance does hurt people, even if you don't see it. Somewhere in San Diego a woman is protecting her kid from polio with quartz instead of vaccines. That affects all of us.
— Garry Tonon (@Garry_Tonon)
Try using vaccine!
Which of the following words would NOT typically be used in reference to a vaccine?
365体育投注网站 D. immunization
Example sentences from the Web for vaccine
The vaccine is delivered through a “carrier virus” that causes a common cold in chimpanzees but does not affect humans.|Abby Haglage|January 7, 2015
The need for an Ebola vaccine in West Africa has never been greater.|Abby Haglage|January 7, 2015
With Ebola still raging in West Africa, the race to find a vaccine is heating up.|Abby Haglage|January 7, 2015
On average, the vaccine has an efficacy of about 60 percent.|Kent Sepkowitz|January 1, 2015
With enough changing of the influenza RNA over time, the vaccine no longer provokes the “right” immune response.|Kent Sepkowitz|January 1, 2015
That excuse scarcely exists now, for there are few physicians who cannot obtain a better form of vaccine within a very short time.|Various
We use the cow to get vaccine365体育投注网站 for small-pox, the horse to supply the anti-toxin for diphtheria.|J. W. Duffield
The method of preparing the vaccine is similar to that recommended by Lignires.|U.S. Department of Agriculture
But he really ought to know the difference between a vaccine365体育投注网站 and an anti-toxin.|George Bernard Shaw
As to its use, as stated by London, in lieu of the vaccine matter, it is altogether erroneous.|James Emerson Tennent
British Dictionary definitions for vaccine
Word Origin for vaccine
Medical definitions for vaccine
Scientific definitions for vaccine
A Closer Look
In the 1950s, polio epidemics left thousands of children with permanent physical disabilities. Today, infants are given a vaccine to prevent infection with the polio virus. That vaccine, like most others, works by stimulating the body's immune system to produce antibodies that destroy pathogens. Scientists usually prepare vaccines by taking a sample of the pathogen and destroying or weakening it with heat or chemicals. The inactivated or attenuated pathogen loses its ability to cause serious illness but is still able to stimulate antibody production, thereby conferring immunity. The Salk polio vaccine contains killed virus, while the Sabin polio vaccine contains weakened live poliovirus. (Many scientists no longer consider viruses to be living organisms) Scientists are also able to change the structure of viruses and bacteria at the molecular level, altering DNA so that the potential of the vaccine to cause disease is decreased. New vaccines containing harmless bits of DNA have also been developed.
Cultural definitions for vaccine
A substance prepared from dead or living microorganisms that is introduced into the body through inoculation. The vaccine causes the development of antibodies, which produce immunity to the disease caused by the microorganism.