In order to organize and understand our world we need
frames of reference
scrapbooks and labels
Frames of reference help you to
pay your taxes
organize and understand your world
shift your paradigms
A newer field in psychology, emphasizing the study of emotional health and well-being is referred to as
All of the following are reframing strategies discussed in your book EXCEPT
life as a tragedy
stepping into the shoes of the other
Which of the following statements is true?
All forms of humor are equally useful.
Hostile humor that puts others down can have negative effects.
Self deprecating humor is to be avoided.
none of the above
Which of the following is not true about brain neuroplasticity?
Our brains never stop changing and adjusting.
As we age, our brains networks become fixed.
Our brain has the capacity to change its internal structure by reorganizing neural pathways based on new experiences.
Exercising or stimulating your brain helps build up brain reserve.
Which of the following psychological theories is not representative of Determinism, the belief that outside forces determine who we are?
Cognitive Behavioral theories
Freudian psychodynamic theories
To increase proactivity, it is recommended that you
keep your promises
set small goals and achieve them
look for outside causes for your problems
a. & b.
Which statement is true about students with an internal locus of control?
They recognize the connection between their efforts and their grades.
They are self-motivated and optimistic.
If they fail a test, they blame the teacher.
a. & b.
Irrational beliefs can be modified using
cognitive restructuring techniques
learned through modeling or copying others
unrelated to locus of control
correlated to reactive behaviors
Spurious correlations can be associated with
racial prejudice or stereotyping
a. & b.
The first step in cognitive restructuring is to
identify the irrational belief that is underlying your reaction
substitute a rational belief for an irrational one
challenge the irrational belief
In general, optimists
are not as happy as pessimists
are healthier than pessimists
are less productive at work than pessimists
do not perform as well academically in school as pessimists
To become more optimistic
repeat positive affirmations to yourself
challenge pessimistic thoughts
None of the above
The most important aspect of optimistic thinking involves
repeating positive affirmations to yourself
challenging negative, irrational thoughts and substituting rational thoughts
Defensive pessimism is an effective coping mechanism for individuals who
are anxious and need to plan to reduce their anxiety level
are dispositional pessimists
Having high self-esteem contributes to effectiveness because
people with high self-esteem are luckier
people with high self-esteem have faith in themselves, which enhances the ability to do your best
people with high self-esteem have higher incomes
all of the above
Which of the following is characteristic of the permissive-indulgent parenting style?
very loving and involved in the childs life
failure to set meaningful limits or controls for the child
spoils the child
all of the above
The “malevolent attitude” as described by Harry Stack Sullivan refers to
becoming evil towards other people
the belief that you are surrounded by enemies
the belief that you dont deserve to be treated well
b. & c.