Empirical science is based on the scientific method that requires from the scientist to test a theory based on observed or predicted facts. The scientist must formulate a theory or a hypothesis based on what has been observed, then design a test by which the theory may be verified as valid or not. Knowledge and data acquired in empirical science is based entirely on experience and repeatable observations. Modern science has empiricism as its philosophical foundation. If adherents of a theory or hypothesis continue believing it due to their worldview despite it cannot survive a confrontation with experience, then such attitude is usually referred to as faith in doctrinal commitment. For example, a faith in planned economy or in junk DNA have been proposed to fall into such category.
- Empirical Science Is Observable. the Institute for Creation Research.
- David Berlinski (2009). "Has Darwin met his match?", The Deniable Darwin. Seattle, USA: Discovery Institute Press (reprinted from Commentary February 1998 by permission), 308. ISBN 978-0-9790141-2-3.
- Jonathan Wells (2011). The Myth of Junk DNA. Discovery Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-9365990-0-4.