A forthcoming academic paper offers a “breakthrough” conclusion, according to an article by Michael Andersen: “Bigger parking lots make us drive more.”
“What Do Residential Lotteries Show Us About Transportation Choices?” was written by Adam Millard-Ball, Jeremy West, Nazanin Rezaeib, and Garima Desaib (from the Los Angeles and Santa Cruz representatives of the University of California system) and published by the Urban Studies journal. The methodology of the study required identifying and studying a randomized sample of human behavior, which the researchers found in, as explained by Andersen, “the free, site-specific lotteries that San Francisco uses to select who gets to live in the price-regulated homes of new apartment and condo buildings.”
“After surveying the auto ownership and basic transportation habits of the residents of 2,654 homes in 197 projects built since 2002, the authors […] found that projects with more on-site parking induce more auto ownership,” according to Andersen. More specifically, the paper reads as follows: “Buildings with at least one parking space per unit (as required by zoning codes in most U.S. cities, and in San Francisco until circa 2010) have more than twice the car ownership rate of buildings that have no parking…”
The research did not identify a correlation between parking supply and employment, but did identify a connection between parking and more riving, less transit use, and less walking.
After describing the methodology and findings of the research, Andersen also digs into the consequences of the findings, namely, that the research provides evidence that changing the way U.S. cities are built would result in the behavior changes that will lower greenhouse gas emissions to ensure the future of the planet.