All of the following sections of the sarcomere shorten during a concentric muscle action EXCEPT the
Distance between Z-lines
The length-tension relationship of muscle is based on the following fact
As muscle lengthens, the tension changes and is highest at the middle length.
As muscle lengthens, the tension changes and is highest at the shortest length.
As muscle lengthens, the tension changes and is highest at the longest length.
This ion, stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, is released into the sarcoplasm to signal the beginning of the contraction process
Internal rotation of the hip takes place in this plane
The joint involving the femur and tibia is an example of this type of joint
Josephine performs a biceps curl, lifting a weight from the extended arm position up to full flexion of the elbow. This movement provides an illustration of this type of lever system:
All else being equal, this type of muscle fiber arrangement will be associated with higher forces
The primary substrate for a 50-meter sprint is
The general recommendation for dietary fat is
25% of total calories
30% of total calories
35% of total calories
At the beginning of aerobic exercise, before reaching steady state, an individual will be in this state
The hormone used illegally by some athletes to enhance red blood cell production in the body is
Change question. Did with Marisa. In order to lose 10 pounds, an individual will have to have a deficit of this many TOTAL calories
All of the following are examples of training adaptations for aerobic exercise EXCEPT
increased blood volume
increased capillary density
increased heart rate at a given rate of exercise
All of the following are signs of overtraining EXCEPT
increased maximal oxygen uptake
decreased muscle glycogen
increased muscle soreness
Which principle of training is based on the idea that one should target the sport-related energy pathways and muscle groups?
Adaptations in all of the following contribute to increases in VO2max with endurance training EXCEPT
Sally spent her Spring break training in the heat in Florida. She pushed herself more than usual and refused to take off any days. On three days she doubled her workout by running her program in the morning and again in the evening. When she returned from break, she found that her resting heart rate was higher than normal. This increase in heart rate was likely due to this
Which of the following is the most effective type of exercise for optimizing sport-specific muscular strength for well-trained athletes?
This training goal requires the longest recovery time between sets:
muscular strength and power
Which of the following is an approximate rest interval for a middle distance runner performing 800-meter (875-yd) running intervals in 2 minutes?
165-pound (75-kg) athlete has an average daily intake of 450 grams of carbohydrate, 75 grams of protein, and 100 grams of fat. What percent of the total kilocalorie intake is carbohydrate?
11a-pound (50-kg) marathon runner started her pre-race taper and chose to carbohydrate load prior to the race. Approximately how many grams of carbohydrates should she consume per day?
6-foot, 2-inch (188 cm), 220-pound (100-kg) college football player desires to gain muscle weight. Which of the following should be his first nutritional priority if his current 3000 calories/day intake consists of 18% protein
(1.4g/kg), 55% carbohydrate (4.1 g/kg), and 27% fat (0.9g/kg)?
During a single aerobic exercise session, oxygen is delivered to the working muscles at an elevated rate due to an increase in
total blood hemoglobin
Which of the following identifies the layer of connective tissue enveloping a single muscle fiber?
Which of the following lever classes has the fulcrum at one end and the effort is applied between the fulcrum and the load?
Which of the following shoulder movements and planes of action are associated with the upward movement phase of the side lateral shoulder raise exercise?
How many amino acids must be found in your diet and cannot be manufactured by your own body?
Which of the following is not a byproduct of protein breakdown?
An untrained college-aged athlete begins a resistance training program. After training for three weeks, her strength increases dramatically. Which of the following is the most influential factor responsible for this improvement?
improved neuromuscular efficiency
improved ratio of muscle to fat components
increased cross-sectional area of Type I fibers
What is the MINIMUM amount of carbohydrates that a 132-pound (60 kg) competitive Olympic triathlete should consume on a daily basis?
Which of the following causes the greatest increases in bone mineral density?
Open kinetic chain exercises
Single joint assistance exercises
A college American football player weighs 210 pounds and would like to increase his muscle mass and strength. He is currently consuming 2800 calories per day and that has allowed him to maintain his weight. If he wishes to gain 10 pounds in 8 weeks, about how many extra calories should he consume each day?For the purposes of this question assume all of the weight gain will be lean body mass.