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This article is about the year 1539.
|Centuries:||15th century – 16th century – 17th century|
|Decades:||1500s 1510s 1520s – 1530s – 1540s 1550s 1560s|
|Years:||1536 1537 1538 – 1539 – 1540 1541 1542|
|1539 by topic|
|Arts and science|
|Lists of leaders|
|Birth and death categories|
|Establishments and disestablishments categories|
|Ab urbe condita||2292|
|English Regnal year||30 Hen. 8 – 31 Hen. 8|
|Chinese calendar||戊戌年 (Earth Dog)
4235 or 4175
— to —
己亥年 (Earth Pig)
4236 or 4176
|- Vikram Samvat||1595–1596|
|- Shaka Samvat||1461–1462|
|- Kali Yuga||4640–4641|
|Japanese calendar||Tenbun 8
|Minguo calendar||373 before ROC
|Thai solar calendar||2081–2082|
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1539.|
- January – Battle of Naungyo, Burma, part of the Toungoo–Hanthawaddy War.
- January 12 – Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (and Charles I of Spain) and Francis I of France sign the Treaty of Toledo, agreeing to make no further alliances with England. The treaty comes after Henry VIII of England's split with Rome and Pope Paul III.
- February 9 – First horse race held at Chester Racecourse, the oldest in use in England.
- March – Canterbury Cathedral surrenders, and reverts to its previous status of 'a college of secular canons'.
- May 30 – In Florida, Hernando de Soto lands at Tampa Bay with 600 soldiers with the goal to find gold. He also introduces pigs into North America.
- May – The Six Articles, an Act of the Parliament of England, reaffirms certain Catholic principles in Henry VIII's Church of England.
- August 15 King Francis I of France issues the Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêt that places the whole of France under the jurisdiction of the royal law courts and makes French the language of those courts and the official language of legal discourse.
- September 7 – Guru Angad Dev becomes the second Guru of the Sikhs.
- October 4 – Henry VIII contracts to marry Anne of Cleves.
- Protestant Reformation
- Lutheranism is forcibly introduced into Iceland, despite the opposition of Bishop Jón Arason.
- Beaulieu Abbey, Bolton Abbey, Colchester Abbey, Newstead Abbey, St Albans Abbey, St Mary's Abbey, York and Hartland Abbey (the last) fall prey to the Dissolution of the Monasteries in England.
- First edition of the Calvinist Genevan psalter is published.
- In Henan province, China, a severe drought with swarms of locusts is made worse by a major epidemic outbreak of the plague.
- The first printing press in North America is set up in Mexico City.
- January 15 – Maeda Toshiie, Daimyo (d. 1599)
- January 28 – Nicolò Donato, Doge of Venice (d. 1618)
- February 13 – Elisabeth of Hesse, Electress Palatine by marriage (1576-1582) (d. 1582)
- February 23 – Henry XI of Legnica, thrice Duke of Legnica (d. 1588)
- February 23 – Salima Sultan Begum, Empress of the Mughal Empire as a wife of Emperor Akbar (d. 1612)
- February 27 – Franciscus Raphelengius, Dutch printer (d. 1597)
- March 5 – Christoph Pezel, German theologian (d. 1604)
- March 18 – Maria of Nassau, Countess of Nassau (d. 1599)
- April 5 – George Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (d. 1603)
- April 6 – Amalia of Neuenahr, German noble (d. 1602)
- April 7 – Tobias Stimmer, Swiss artist (d. 1584)
- April 7 – Strange Jørgenssøn, Norwegian businessman (d. 1610)
- April 30 – Archduchess Barbara of Austria, Austrian archduchess (d. 1572)
- May 22 – Edward Seymour, 1st Earl of Hertford (d. 1621)
- June 6 – Catherine Vasa, Regent of East Frisia (1599-1610) (d. 1610)
- June 13 – Jost Amman, Swiss printmaker (d. 1591)
- June 23 – William Darrell of Littlecote, politician (d. 1589)
- July 4 – Louis VI, Elector Palatine (d. 1583)
- September 18 – Louis Gonzaga, Duke of Nevers, Italian-French dignitary and diplomat (d. 1595)
- October 1 – Peter Vok, Czech noble (d. 1611)
- October 2 – Saint Charles Borromeo, Italian cardinal (d. 1584)
- November 1 – Pierre Pithou, French lawyer and scholar (d. 1596)
- December 5 – Fausto Paolo Sozzini, Italian theologian (d. 1604)
- December 20 – Paulus Melissus, German composer (d. 1602)
- December 31 – John Radcliffe, English politician (d. 1568)
- date unknown
- February 6 – John III, Duke of Cleves (b. 1491)
- February 13 – Isabella d'Este, Marquise of Mantua (b. 1474)
- March 5 – Nuno da Cunha, Portuguese governor in India (b. 1487)
- March 12 – Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire, English diplomat and politician (b.1477)
- April 17 – George, Duke of Saxony (b. 1471)
- May 7
- July 5 – St Anthony Maria Zaccaria, Italian saint (b. 1502)
- August – Vannoccio Biringuccio, Italian metallurgist (b. 1480)
- September 8 – John Stokesley, English prelate (b. 1475)
- November 15 – Hugh Cook Faringdon, Abbot of Reading
- December 20 – Johannes Lupi, Flemish composer (b. c. 1506)
- date unknown – James Beaton, Scottish church leader (b. 1473)
- Everett, Jason M., ed. (2006). "1539". The People's Chronology. Thomson Gale.
- Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 210–215. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- "The Press in Colonial America" (PDF). A Publisher’s History of American Magazines — Background and Beginnings. Retrieved 2013-08-22.