Town planning, also known as urban planning or city planning, is a discipline that involves the systematic organization and design of urban spaces, including the layout and use of land, the built environment, and the management of resources such as water and energy. Town planning is a holistic approach that seeks to create functional and attractive cities, towns, and neighborhoods that meet the needs of their inhabitants and contribute to the overall quality of life.
Lewis Keeble, a British town planner and urban designer, defined town planning as "the art of creating and shaping cities, towns and villages in ways that enhance their visual appeal, cultural significance, and environmental sustainability." According to Keeble, town planning is a complex process that involves the integration of various disciplines, including engineering, architecture, landscape design, sociology, and economics, in order to achieve a balanced and harmonious development.
In his view, town planning is a proactive approach that involves the careful consideration of the needs and aspirations of the community, as well as the environmental, social, and economic impacts of development. It requires a thorough understanding of the existing conditions and the trends that shape urban development, as well as the ability to envision and plan for the future growth and evolution of the city.
One of the key principles of town planning is the concept of sustainability, which refers to the ability of a community to meet its current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This requires a holistic approach that takes into account the social, economic, and environmental impacts of development, and seeks to find ways to minimize negative impacts and maximize positive ones.
Another important aspect of town planning is the concept of livability, which refers to the overall quality of life in a community. This includes factors such as access to housing, transportation, education, healthcare, and recreational facilities, as well as the overall aesthetic appeal of the built environment. Town planners must consider the needs of all members of the community, including children, the elderly, and people with disabilities, in order to create livable and inclusive spaces.
In summary, town planning is a multifaceted discipline that involves the systematic organization and design of urban spaces in ways that enhance their visual appeal, cultural significance, and environmental sustainability. It requires a holistic approach that takes into account the needs and aspirations of the community, as well as the environmental, social, and economic impacts of development. Through the use of town planning, cities, towns, and neighborhoods can be transformed into functional and attractive places that contribute to the overall quality of life for their inhabitants.