Nasal cannula is also known as oxygen cannula. It is a medical device used to transport supplemental oxygen to an individual that needs either oxygen therapy or increased airflow for respiration. Supplemental oxygen, also known as oxygen therapy, is usage of oxygen as medical treatment.
When anesthetics given, then oxygen therapy is used for the treatment of carbon monoxide toxicity, low blood oxygen, or cluster headaches and to maintain a sufficient level of oxygen. The nasal cannula consist of a lightweight tube, wherein the opening of one end is separated into two, long parts.
These are placed in the nostrils and through these parts, a mixture of oxygen and air is passed. The opening of the other part is connected to an oxygen source such as a movable oxygen producer or wall assembly in a hospital with a flow meter or oxygen concentrator.
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The nasal cannula is normally attached to the patient by tube hooking around the ear of the patient or by a head-band made of plastic. The most commonly used system of nasal cannula allows the transfer of oxygen having concentration between 24%–40% at the transport rate 1–5 liters of oxygen per minute.
The high-flow nasal cannula is used for various purposes as supplemental oxygen therapy and high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy. It is also used in different health conditions such as asthma, pneumonia, sleep apnea, underdeveloped lungs in newborns or bronchopulmonary dysplasia, cystic fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
The high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy comprises the use of active humidifiers, an oxygen/air mixer, a nasal cannula, and a single heated circuit.
A nasal cannula transports humidified and sufficiently warmed medical gas at the flow rate of 60 liter per minute. Nasal cannula exerts biological effects such as PEEP effect, reduction of anatomical dead space, good humidification, and constant portion of inspired oxygen.
While no major clinical trials are conducted for high-flow nasal cannula, it has gained consideration as an inventive respirational support for critically ill patients. High flow of humidified and sufficiently warmed medical gas is utilized to perform a number of biological activities.
For example, high flow removes CO2 gas from anatomical dead space; reduces the resistance to expiration flow; and imparts positive pressure on the nasopharyngeal part. As compared to the closed system, it has relatively lower pressure, which helps to restore collapsed alveoli or increase the lung volume.
Moreover, FIO2 remains stable, as the difference between the flow of inspiratory air and delivered flow is very low. Also, mucociliary functions remain good, as the gas is normally heated to 37°C and humidified completely.
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The global high-flow nasal cannula market is expected to expand during the forecast period, due to rising use of oxygen therapy at home healthcare facilities. Development of advanced techniques for fluid delivery and other medications is the key driver for the market for high-flow nasal cannula.
Use of high-flow humidified nasal oxygen is rising amongst neonatal and adult patients. This also is boosting the global market for nasal cannula.
Positive effects of high-flow humidified nasal oxygen have augmented the market for nasal cannula in developed countries such as Germany, Australia, the U.S., and the U.K.
The global high-flow nasal cannula market can be segmented on the basis of end-user and region. Based on end-user, the high-flow nasal cannula market has been categorized into hospitals, ambulatory surgical centres (ASCs), and others.
Based on region, the global market for high-flow nasal cannula has been broadly categorized into four regions viz. North America, Latin America, Asia Pacific, and Middle East & Africa.
Several companies operate in the global high-flow nasal cannula market such as Flexicare Medical, Salter Labs, Teleflex, Smiths Medical, and Medin Medical Innovations. Some other players are BD, GaleMed, ConvaTec, Fisher & Paykel Healthcare, DeVilbiss Healthcare, and Bound Tree Medical.
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