Studying history can become daunting for students, because it involves learning a lot of dates and details. Rather than simply memorizing facts and dates, try to place them within the larger framework of historical change, which can make history much more interesting and relevant. One popular technique is to begin with a general overview, then focus on specific dates, people and events in the context of the broad trends that have shaped history.
In the ancient world, Plutarch believed that true history was the story of prominent individuals who influenced the course of their nation or society by virtue of their strength of character, ambition or leadership. This view prompted historians to write histories that were almost like biographies and led to the development of a whole genre known as ‘biographical history’. Other historians believe that significant changes in the human experience are often triggered by powerful ideas or forces, which shape, alter and direct cultural behaviour. These ‘winds of change’ can often be initiated or driven by prominent individuals – but, when they gather momentum, they may be beyond the control or influence of any individual.
While gaps in the record mean that it is impossible to know everything about the past, some aspects of it are more factual than others. For example, a solid piece of evidence such as a written document or a physical artefact is a good basis for establishing the existence of a particular person, place or event in history. Other forms of proof, such as eyewitness accounts, are based on personal experience and observations that can be verified.
The most reliable information about the past is usually found in written primary sources, such as diaries, letters and reports. This type of information can be consulted at libraries, museums and archives. It can also be accessed through digital archives such as the internet. Historians can access and interpret these records, as well as develop new knowledge from them, using a wide range of research skills and analytical techniques.
Students of history develop a range of useful skills that are highly valued by employers. Some of these include critical thinking, analysis, communication and creativity. Other key skills include time management, teamwork and problem solving. Some of these skills can be transferable to other disciplines, such as science and math.
In addition to these academic and practical benefits, studying history can be an enjoyable and engaging activity in its own right. For example, a good historian can make a subject interesting and accessible by the use of dramatic writing and skillful storytelling. The appeal of such works to the reading public reflects not only the fact that they are a source of entertainment, but also that they provide an insight into how human societies function. This makes history an important form of literature in its own right.