Laterite is a soil and rock kind wealthy in iron and aluminium and is commonly taken into consideration to have fashioned in warm and moist tropical areas. Nearly all laterites are of rusty-pink shade, because of excessive iron oxide content material. They increase with the aid of extensive and prolonged weathering of the underlying discern rock. Tropical weathering (laterization) is a prolonged system of chemical weathering which produces a huge variety within the thickness, grade, chemistry and ore mineralogy of the resulting soils. The majority of the land area containing laterites is among the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn.
Laterite has commonly been called a soil type in addition to being a rock kind. This and in addition variant within the modes of conceptualizing about laterite (e.G. Additionally as a entire weathering profile or concept approximately weathering) has led to calls for the term to be abandoned altogether. At least some researchers[who?] specializing in regolith development have taken into consideration that hopeless confusion has evolved across the name. There isn’t any probability, but, that the name will ever be deserted; for fabric that appears particularly just like the Indian laterite occurs abundantly global, and it’s far affordable to call such material laterite.
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Historically, laterite turned into cut into brick-like shapes and used in monument-constructing. After one thousand CE, construction at Angkor Wat and other southeast Asian web sites changed to square temple enclosures product of laterite, brick, and stone. Since the mid-Seventies, some trial sections of bituminous-surfaced, low-quantity roads have used laterite in area of stone as a base route. Thick laterite layers are porous and barely permeable, so the layers can feature as aquifers in rural areas. Locally to be had laterites were utilized in an acid solution, followed by way of precipitation to eliminate phosphorus and heavy metals at sewage-treatment centers.
Laterites are a supply of aluminium ore; the ore exists in large part in clay minerals and the hydroxides, gibbsite, boehmite, and diaspore, which resembles the composition of bauxite. In Northern Ireland they as soon as provided a major supply of iron and aluminium ores. Laterite ores additionally had been the early important supply of nickel.