← Of Quakes and Climate
Climate, Volcanoes and History
I find the Nomadic Time (1900-1500 BC) to be especially significant for the following reasons:
1.The fiery cataclysms which destroyed Sontorini, Knossos, Phaistos, Malia, Zakros, Gournia, and Palaikastro, according to current scholarship and radio carbon dating, occurred circa 1645-1600 BC or 1500 BC.
2. The economic activity in the ancient Mediterranean and along the Atlantic Coast were extensive and considerable. Grain, oil, flax, wool, pottery, sculpture, and ore changed hands and resulted in the wealth reflected in the Mycenean ruins. Even so-called Celtic burials show fine gold work and extensive trade with other people, dating back centuries before classical history.
3. This trade was badly disrupted by a sudden destruction which left undisturbed baskets and storage jars sitting in rooms preserved beneath 30′ of ash in Santorini. The frescoes preserved there are breathtaking. Stone buildings from the region show evidence of high temps, eathquakes, rebuilding, and of repeated tsunamis. This also matches the period in Genesis, in which Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob repeatedly travel to civilized centers because of famine and enormous economic disruption. I consider Abraham to have lived c. 1800 or 1750. Recall the record of Joseph, who interpreted Pharoah’s dream and prepared for seven years of famine after seven years of plenty.
4. The evidence for a period of re-settlement after these catastrophes is overwhelming, in my view. This is the period of Sea People, and of the Exodus, and other new people such as the Etruscans settling into the Mediterranean lands left devastated by these huge volcanic/cometary events. It is especially interesting to me that the Etruscans were masters at building cities and waterways always with an emphasis on drainage. The land was still fetid, malarial, and marshy from the tsunamis. But they were able to build in what are known as “Etruscan positions,” and also dug drainage around lakes and for rivers. The slow drying of the land and the ability of the Etruscans to move down into the lower lands as the population increased is evident in the history of Tuscany, so that their presence and prosperity begins to appear c900 BC.
5. An excellent proxy for solar activity is needed, and so is a means of testing dates. These are not matters which we should be expected to take academics’ word for it, nor Roman and Greek writers. These are unreliable witnesses in most cases.
Joachim http://www.knowledgeminer.eu/eoo_paper.html says:
February 28, 2014 at 2:14 pm
All who are interested in this matter should consult the GISP2 graph of Holocene
temps. Enlarge the temp swings to exactly see the rapid up and downs. Interesting
are the top temp spikes as well as the bottom temp spikes. All megadroughts set
in (I will write an aridification paper next year) as long as the temp drop period is on.
In this case of the Harrapians as the Sumerians/Akkadians, the rapid temp drop
was the result of the devastating asteroid impact of 2,193 BC, which sent global
temps down for 300 years until 1900 BC. As soon as the bottom temp spike was reached
in 1900 BC, the megadroughts ended abruptly and new human settlements sprang up in
the belt from Spain to Egypt, to West Asia and Pakistan….. After all major cosmic impacts,
of which we identified 14, temps went down in a spike, with a simultaneous aridification
period lasting exactly to bottom of the temp drop spike and immediately turning into a good precipitation period for the following centuries of the temp rebounce period. The latest
work of Harvey Weiss : “Seven generations since the Fall of Akkad” (2012) explains those megadrought observations with measurements conducted in West Asia. Cometary details can
be found in our paper on climate forcing. JS
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