Neuropsychology, as one of the neurosciences, has grown to be a separate field of specialization within psychology over about the last 40 years, although there has always been an interest in it throughout the 120-year history of modern scientific psychology.
Neuropsychology seeks to understand the relationship between the brain and behaviour, that is, it attempts to explain the way in which the activity of the brain is expressed in observable behaviour studies the structure and function of the brain as they relate to specific psychological processes and behaviours. It is seen as a clinical and experimental field of psychology that aims to study, assess, understand and treat behaviours directly related to brain functioning. The term neuropsychology has been applied to lesion studies in humans and animals.
It has also been applied to efforts to record electrical activity from individual cells (or groups of cells) in higher primates (including some studies of human patients).It is scientific in its approach, making use of neuroscience, and shares an information processing view of the mind with cognitive psychology and cognitive science.A science concerned with the integration of psychological observations on behaviour and the mind with neurological observations on the brain and nervous system is Neuropsychology.