This house think that usage of animal testing is right choice
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Animal Testing refers to experimentation or scientific profess of research using animals for the purpose of science study, production of biological substance or education, testing and research. Animal Testing is performed in various forms. In medical or biology field, people observe the body parts of animals through dissecting or study genetic characteristics, growth cycle, or school of behaviorism. Sometimes, people acquire ingredients for producing medical substance. However, Animal Testing, in general terms, refers to the process of confirming safety and effect of new product or new cure. Animal Testing is used also for predicting the effect of pesticide, cosmetics, food on human body not only medical product’s effect. Animal Testing’s range is being broadened day by day unto the field of applied science not only limited to the fields of pharmacy, life science or anatomy.
Apart from its effectiveness, there still exists a debate regarding the fact whether we, human beings, have right to use or exploit animals as the subject of experimentation. Should Animal Testing be continued?
b. Various cases of Animal Testing
Sulfanilamide Case(1937): 107 people died from side-effect of newly developed antibiotics when there was no animal clinical testing being done. Also, recent accident from using humidifier disinfectants was confirmed to be problematic through animal testing on rats.
Morgan’s experiment on genetics (1926): Research was carried out on drosophila and earned great results. It could have taken almost 210 years if it were carried out on human beings. In the very short amount of time, new discovery on genetics regarding color blindness and hemophila was found out and applied.
Pasteur’s experiment (1862): Vaccination, the result of rabies study, was used for developing various vaccinations of measles and rubella which are fatal to children. Basically, all vaccination for human beings and numerous cures for various diseases are the result of animal clinical trial.
Side-effect of Thalidomide(1961) : Side-effect of Thalidomide, sleeping pill, is the most well-known among all tragic cases of misuse. After the use of this medical substance, after the year of 1956, the number of giving birth to deformed child increased so that scientists tried to reproduce the creation of deformation using various animals. However, such side-effect was not confirmed on the animals so that the product got approval for the use. Pharmacist who could find about the side effect after injecting the ten to hundred times of normal dose unto rabbits and chimpanzees decided to recall this medicine at the year of 1962. It was after the birth of more than a million of newly born babies.
c. Principles on Animal Testing (3R Principle)
Reduction: Use the least number of animals, if possible, for the testing. .
Replacement: Every alternative ways that can replace the animal testing should be researched prior to the Animal Testing.
Refinement: While the testing being carried out, the experimentation should be carried out in ways that can protect animals from any pain and also improve the well-being of animals.
3R, offering ethical guidelines regarding Animal Testing, is being applied in every country in the world, including Korea. Researchers in Korea show respect to the valuable death of animals through comforting rituals accordingly to the international ethics guideline.
a. Many number of lives can be saved through development of cures and prevention of diseases by carrying out Animal Testing.
We could find out numerous facts on various diseases through past animal experimentation results and, furthermore, we could save numerous lives from discovering new cure.
b. Animal Testing is an unavoidable choice.
There is no feasible alternative which can replace animal testing, at least for now.
Some suggest that computer simulation, enabled through development of science technology in the modern days, or artificially produced cells may be able to replace animal testing. However, in the case of computer simulation, still some incomplete and uncertain sides still exist since it is only a result of recording previously existing data. It still cannot perfectly reproduce the effect and side-effect of a certain scientific substance when applied to the living organism.
a. Animal Testing is an unnecessary experimentation which lacks effectiveness.
Disease which human beings and animals share commonly is only 1.16% of the whole number. Also, there can be rejection-response or side-effect even though it is approved by Animal Testing.
b. Animal Testing leads people to undervalue lives.
Animal Right refers to the rights guaranteed for animals. It means that, simply, animals have right to avoid pain and also it claims that not only human beings but also animals should be recognized as individual identities living on this earth. Regardless of any reasoning, Animal Testing, in animals’ perspective, is unethical and it severely destroys the dignity of animals. Especially, when research itself is not directly related to human life, it is unreasonable to give pain to the animals for such experimentation.