LVM (Logical Volume Management) is a flexible and advanced option available to manage hard disks in most of the major Linux distributions. It is easy to manage the disks with LVM than the tradition tools like fdisk, parted or gparted.
Some of the terms which you need to understand while using LVM:
- Physical Volume (PV): Consists of Raw disks or RAID arrays or other storage devices.
- Volume Group (VG): Combines the physical volumes into storage groups.
- Logical Volume (LV): VG’s are divided into LV’s and are mounted as partitions.
In this article, we will take you through the steps to configure Disks using LVM in existing Linux machine by creating PV, VG’s and LV’s.
Note: If you don’t what to use LVM, you can add disk directly to an existing Linux system using these guides.
- How to Add a New Disk to Linux System
- How to Add a New Disk Larger Than 2TB to Linux System
Let’s consider a scenario where there are 2 HDD of 20GB and 10GB, but we need to add only 2 partitions one of 12GB and another 13GB. We can achieve this using LVM method only.
Once the disks has been added, you can list them using the following command.
# fdisk -l
Verify Hard Disks
1. Now partitions both the disks
/dev/xvdd using fdisk command as shown.
# fdisk /dev/xvdc # fdisk /dev/xvdd
n to create the partition and save the changes with
Partition Hark Disks
2. After partitioning, use the following command to verify the partitions.
# fdisk -l
Verify New Partitions
3. Create Physical Volume (PV).
# pvcreate /dev/xvdc1 # pvcreate /dev/xvdd1
Create Physical Volume
4. Create Volume Group (VG).
# vgcreate testvg /dev/xvdc1 /dev/xvdd1
Here, “testvg” is the VG name.
Create Volume Group
5. Now use “vgdisplay” to list all details about the VG’s in the system.
# vgdisplay OR # vgdisplay testvg
List Volume Group
6. Create Logical Volumes (LV).
# lvcreate -n lv_data1 --size 12G testvg # lvcreate -n lv_data2 --size 14G testvg
Here, “lv_data1” and “lv_data2” are LV name.
Create Logical Volumes
7. Now use “lvdisplay” to list all details about the Logical volumes available in the system.
# lvdisplay OR # lvdisplay testvg
List Logical Volumes
8. Format the Logical Volums (LV’s) to ext4 format.
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/testvg/lv_data1 # mkfs.ext4/dev/testvg/lv_data2
Format LV to Ext4 Format
9. Finally, mount the file system.
# mount /dev/testvg/lv_data1 /data1 # mount /dev/testvg/lv_data2 /data2
Make sure to create
data2 directories before mounting the filesystem.
That’s it! In this article, we discussed how to create a partition using LVM. If you have any comments or queries regarding this, feel free to post in the comments.