Today is Saturday, Aug. 27, the 239th day of 2005. There are 126 days left in the year. On this date in 1945, American troops begin landing in Japan following the surrender of the Japanese government in World War II.
In 1770, German philosopher Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel is born in Stuttgart. In 1883, the island volcano Krakatoa blows up; the resulting tidal waves in Indonesia's Sunda Strait claim some 36,000 lives in Java and Sumatra. In 1892, fire seriously damages New York's original Metropolitan Opera House. In 1894, Congress passes the Wilson-Gorman Tariff Act, which contains a provision for a graduated income tax that is later struck down by the Supreme Court. In 1908, Lyndon B. Johnson, the 36th president of the United States, is born near Stonewall, Texas. In 1928, the Kellogg-Briand Pact is signed in Paris, outlawing war and providing for the peaceful settlement of disputes.
August 27, 1980: The Youngstown Fraternal Order of Police is planning to file suit against the city to prevent layoffs, based on a written pledge signed to end a strike in May which promised no layoffs.
Telephones at the Youngstown Board of Education and Western Reserve Transit Authority ring off their hooks as parents call for instructions on where their children are to catch WRTA buses for the ride to school.
For the first time in 80 years, Cleveland is not Ohio's largest City. Preliminary census figures show Columbus with a population of 545,934, compared to 532,660 for Cleveland.
August 27, 1965: U.S. Sen. Frank Lausche, D-Ohio, introduces an amendment to the Merchant Marine Act that would prohibit strikes by seamen, instituting compulsory arbitration as an alternative.
Youngstown receives $375,000 from the Federal Housing and Home Finance Agency, the first federal money for buying land in the Youngstown University urban renewal area.
August 27, 1955: Air Secretary Donald Z. Quarles personally clears Airman 3rd Class Stephen Branzovich of "guilty by kinship" charges that would have led to Branzovich's discharge from the Air Force. The charges against the Farrell man were based on his father's alleged membership in the Communist party years ago.
Hundreds of Youngstown district taxpayers can claim 1954 tax refunds that are being held by the post office in Cleveland after the envelopes were returned as undeliverable. A refund form and list of the taxpayers names is printed in The Vindicator.
A 10-year-old Wirt St. boy jumps from a moving car to escape a sex-crazed man who kidnapped him and forced him into immoral actions on a lonely road in McDonald. The boy said he was seized by the man on a North Side street while he was on his way to the grocery store near his home.
August 27, 1930: Cyrus Eaton testifies during the Sheet & amp; Tube-Bethlehem Steel merger hearing that his annual salary is $23,000, of which $5,000 comes from his service on the executive committee of Sheet & amp; Tube and $18,000 from Otis & amp; Co., of which he is a partner.
Youngstown City Council passes an ordinance requiring miniature golf courses to close by 1 a.m. The ordinance was drafted at the request of the golf course owners.