However, current cases exist in which the exchange between the addresser
and addressee occurs in a closed-system of communication.
The main idea behind the concept of covert communication is that despite the low degree of reliability shown by the addressee on the addresser
(a situation that easily compares with the relationship held between consumer-advertiser), they engage on a successful communicative act.
Each speech act requires the presence of six elements: the addresser
, one who sends a message, the addressee, one who receives that message, the context referred to the message, also called the referent, the code that offers the rules for structuring the message, which is common to the two partners of communication, the contact that concerns a connection made by a physical and psychological channel between them.
attacks and counterattacks, in a metaphorical sense- the addresser
achieves victory in the argumentative battle.
As Bakhtin says, "a word is the territory shared by both the addresser
and the addressee by the speaker and his interlocutor" (Bakhtin 1986: 86).
Clearly, unlike Endorse, Acknowledge indicates a neutral stance on the part of the addresser
while Distance detaches the speaker/writer from the cited proposition, therefore shunning responsibility (Martin & White, 2005, pp.
Rick Krieger, president of Addresser
Based Systems, says it will provide a solution for many of his clients.
Leech further states that politeness focuses more on the addressee than on the addresser
The study of language communication in this context helps in determining various principles connected with the communication intention of the addresser
, character of communicants' interaction and peculiarities of their communication.
at 4 ("What makes a reason second-personal is that it is grounded in (de jure) authority relations that an addresser
takes to hold between him and his addressee.
Lobisingi and the 'birthday party' allow for the actual interlocutors, the speaker/singer/dancer and the hearer, to be the ones understood by the speech community, to be the actual protagonists in the exchange, to be indeed the real-life addresser
The relationship of the addresser
and addressee, the social strata of the participants in interaction, situation and social context highly influence the linguistic choices of a speaker.
This is further emphasized by addressing men and women, sisters and brothers, increasing the intimacy between the addressee and the addresser
18) Roman Jackobson (1896-1982), linguist--his well-known communication model consisted of the addresser
, the message, the addressee, the context, the code and the contact.
of such messages and links is often an attacker.