|Trauma can be defined as a frightening, sudden, unbalancing and violent act which destroys core beliefs and values. From the Greek word for ‘wound’, it is a term used for both physical and psychological injuries, the key point in both cases, is that it is an injury that is violent and overwhelming. In a narrower sense, trauma refers to extreme stress which may or may not develop into a pattern of symptoms which can be classified as post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
The degree of trauma that someone may experience is impacted by their relationship to the event or person, their religious/spiritual beliefs and other circumstances, such as their age and perceived control over the event (usually very little). Everyone responds differently in, during and after a traumatic situation. Some feel the brunt of the experience immediately whereas others appear to be remaining numb to the experience. People who are friends or co-workers of those directly affected can also be affected by what is known as secondary trauma.It is important for people who are affected to share what they think and feel as a critical window of opportunity exists. Debriefing and discussing the events within 72 hours of an incident can help insure that people recover and don’t end up with PTSD. Both children and adults need to be shown that their feelings are accepted and understood; no matter how overwhelming they may appear.
Many people have a tendency to rise to the occasion during a crisis and after a traumatic episode they will attempt to help others. This can be a tremendous help, but it can also serve as a means to deny their own personal trauma and pain. Those who experience the greatest trauma, and are busy helping everyone else, may end up becoming the greatest casualty of all.
What events can cause trauma?
What are the differences between normal grief & trauma?
How do I deal with trauma?
Everyone has their own time frame for recovery from a traumatic event and it is important to recognise this. However, professional help, even after the first 72 hours can assist the survivor to incorporate the event into their existing belief systems, which may have been severely shaken, as well as offering planning strategies to manage and reduce symptom intensity.