Plate Tectonics - is the movement of enormous sections of Earth’s crust—the plates. - New crust forms where plates separate on the seafloor, and existing crust sinks into the mantle Transform: is an actively deforming region where two (or more) tectonic plates or fragments of the lithosphere move toward one another and collide. Divergent: is a linear feature that exists between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other. Convergent: is the process that takes place at convergent boundaries by which one tectonic plate moves under another tectonic plate and sinks into the mantle as the plates converge. Movement of Plate Tectonics Earthquakes: a sudden and violent shaking of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action. How rocks form - Deep inside the Earth the temperature is very hot. It is so hot that it melts rock. - The melted rock is called magma. When a volcano erupts the magma pours out. - When magma comes out of the volcano it is called lava. Once it cools it becomes igneous rock. IGNEOUS ROCK SEDIMENTARY ROCKS - rocks break down through weathering. -The broken rocks turn into sediment. -Sediment is cemented into sedimentary rocks. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS Sedimentary rocks are made at the surface of the Earth, not deep underground like metamorphic rock. -Because sedimentary rock is made from layers of sediment, this is the kind of rock in which you find dinosaur fossils. How is metamorphic rock formed? - The weight of the ground presses down on rocks that are deep under the surface. Metamorphic rocks are made when underground rocks are pressed and heated. -They are not hot enough to melt and turn into magma, but they are heated enough to change them from sedimentary to metamorphic. ITS STILL HAS LAYERS AND CONTAINS SEDIMENTS!!!!!! Review!!! What kind of rock are these? Plate Tectonics Plate Tectonics Lab (Candy) Objective: Understand how plate tectonics on earth help form mountains and rifts.