Scientific Name: Mareca strepera
Malay Name: Itik-Bersiul Kelabu
Chinese Name: 赤膀鸭
Range: Found throughout northern temperate Europe, Asia and North America, wintering to southern Europe, northern Africa, Middle East, Indian subcontinent, southern China, Korea, Japan, mainland Southeast Asia, Central America and southern North America.
Taxonomy: Polytypic. Subspecies are: strepera, couesi †.
Local Subspecies: strepera
Size: 46-56 cm
Identification: Male has greyish overall plumage with contrasting black vent and blackish bill. Female has mostly brown plumage with dark brown markings on back and flanks, greyish head and fine blackish bill with orange sides. Juvenile resembles female but richer brown below.
Habitat: Rivers, marshes and various freshwater wetland habitats.
Behaviour/Ecology: Keeps close to waterside vegetation when feeding.
Local Status: Vagrant
Conservation Status: Least Concern (BirdLife International 2016)
- Bird List Revision for August 2017 (Revisions)
Conservation Status: IUCN Red List Page
Sound Recordings: xeno-canto Link
Wikipedia Entry: Wikipedia Link
eBird Species page: eBird (Gadwall)
BirdLife International. (2016). Mareca strepera. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22680149A86020572.en. Accessed on 1 January 2023
Jeyarajasingam, A., & Pearson, A. (2012). A Field Guide to the Birds of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore. Oxford University Press.
Lim, K. S. (2009). The Avifauna of Singapore. Nature Society (Singapore).
Robson, C. (2014). Field guide to the birds of South-East Asia (Second Edition). Bloomsbury Publishing, London.
Singapore Birds Project. (n.d.). Gadwall. Retrieved on June 2, 2023 from https://singaporebirds.com/species/gadwall.