THURSDAY, April 16, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- With more than 1,000 dogs sickened by a highly contagious dog flu in the Midwestern United States, veterinarians urge pet owners to take precautions.
"My advice to dog owners is to watch the news and be aware of where the disease is across the country," said Susan Nelson, a clinical associate professor at Kansas State University's Veterinary Health Center.
"Unlike human influenza, this virus is not seasonal, so it can be contracted at any time of the year," Nelson said in a university news release.
So far, the virus has affected at least 1,000 dogs in Illinois, Wisconsin, Ohio and Indiana, according to the University of Wisconsin-Madison's School of Veterinary Medicine.
Dogs at greatest risk for exposure to this disease are those in kennels, dog shows, shelters and dog day care facilities -- areas where lots of dogs are in one place, Nelson said.
This latest bug, identified as a strain of H3N2 dog flu virus, is closely related to strains that affect dogs in southern China and South Korea, according to Cornell University. The virus is not known to spread to people.
Dogs can develop persistent cough, runny nose, fever and nasal discharge from the virus, and some have died. Four out of five dogs exposed to the virus will become infected, and even those without symptoms are still contagious, Nelson said.
"The vast majority of these dogs have a mild form of the disease that lasts for about two to three weeks. They will get better with just supportive care," Nelson said.
However, about 10 percent can develop pneumonia, which can be fatal, she added. News reports have indicated the more severely affected dogs were less than a year old or older than 7 years old, Nelson noted.
This virus is persistent. "It can survive on inanimate objects like leashes, water bowls, food bowls, brushes and human clothing for 24 hours," Nelson said.
"It can live on a person's hands for about 12 hours, so it's important to wash your hands and use general sanitary precautions like you would to prevent the spread of the human influenza," she added.
Symptoms typically begin two to four days after exposure to the virus. The period between exposure and the appearance of symptoms is when infected dogs are most contagious to other dogs, according to the news release.
Because symptoms of dog flu are the same as for a common condition called kennel cough, lab tests are needed to confirm the diagnosis, said William Fortney, director for small animal outreach at the Kansas State Diagnostic Laboratory.
Nelson said infected dogs should be quarantined from other dogs for about two weeks.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has more about dog flu.
SOURCE: Kansas State University, news release, April 15, 2015