Category Archives: Quantum Computing
While quantum computers arealready here, they're very much limited prototypes for now.
It's going to take a while before they're fulfilling anything close to their maximum potential, and we can use them the way we do regular (classical) computers. That moment is now a little nearer though, as scientists have got three entangledqubitsoperating together on a single piece of silicon.
It's the first time that's ever been done, and the silicon material is important: that's what the electronics inside today's computers are based on, so it's another advancement in bridging the gap between the quantum and classical computing realms.
Qubits are the quantum equivalent of the standard bits inside a conventional computer: they can represent several states at once, not just a 1 or a 0, which in theory means an exponential increase in computing power.
The real magic happens when these qubits are entangled, or tightly linked together.
As well as increases in computing power, the addition of more qubits means better error correction a key part of keeping quantum computers stable enough to use them outside of research laboratories.
"Two-qubit operation is good enough to perform fundamental logical calculations," says quantum physicist Seigo Tarucha, from the Riken research institute in Japan.
"But a three-qubit system is the minimum unit for scaling up and implementing error correction."
Using silicon dots as the basis of their qubits means a high level of stability and control can be applied to them, the researchers say. Silicon also makes it more practical to scale these systems up, which is something the team is keen to do in the future.
The process involved entangling two qubits to begin with, in what's known as a two-qubit gate a standard building block of quantum computers. That gate was then combined with a third qubit with an impressively high fidelity of 88 percent (a measure of how reliable the system is).
Each of the quantum silicon dots holds a single electron, with its spin-up and spin-down states doing the encoding. The setup also included an integrated magnet, enabling each qubit to be controlled separately using a magnetic field.
On its own, this isn't going to suddenly put a quantum computer on our desks the setup still required ultra-cold temperatures to operate, for example but together with the other advancements we're seeing, it's undoubtedly a solid step forward.
What's more, the researchers think there's plenty more to come from quantum silicon dots linking together more and more qubits in the same circuit. Full-scale quantum computers could be closer than we think.
"We plan to demonstrate primitive error correction using the three-qubit device and to fabricate devices with ten or more qubits," says Tarucha.
"We then plan to develop 50 to 100 qubits and implement more sophisticated error-correction protocols, paving the way to a large-scale quantum computer within a decade."
The research has been published in Nature Nanotechnology.
Research on Quantum Computing in Health Care Market 2021: By Growing Rate, Type, Applications, Geographical Regions, and Forecast to 2026 – Northwest…
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Atomically-Thin, Twisted Graphene Has Unique Properties That Could Advance Quantum Computing – SciTechDaily
New collaborative research describes how electrons move through two different configurations of bilayer graphene, the atomically-thin form of carbon. These results provide insights that researchers could use to design more powerful and secure quantum computing platforms in the future.
Researchers describe how electrons move through two-dimensional layered graphene, findings that could lead to advances in the design of future quantum computing platforms.
New research published in Physical Review Letters describes how electrons move through two different configurations of bilayer graphene, the atomically-thin form of carbon. This study, the result of a collaboration between Brookhaven National Laboratory, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of New Hampshire, Stony Brook University, and Columbia University, provides insights that researchers could use to design more powerful and secure quantum computing platforms in the future.
Todays computer chips are based on our knowledge of how electrons move in semiconductors, specifically silicon, says first and co-corresponding author Zhongwei Dai, a postdoc at Brookhaven. But the physical properties of silicon are reaching a physical limit in terms of how small transistors can be made and how many can fit on a chip. If we can understand how electrons move at the small scale of a few nanometers in the reduced dimensions of 2-D materials, we may be able to unlock another way to utilize electrons for quantum information science.
When a material is designed at these small scales, to the size of a few nanometers, it confines the electrons to a space with dimensions that are the same as its own wavelength, causing the materials overall electronic and optical properties to change in a process called quantum confinement. In this study, the researchers used graphene to study these confinement effects in both electrons and photons, or particles of light.
The work relied upon two advances developed independently at Penn and Brookhaven. Researchers at Penn, including Zhaoli Gao, a former postdoc in the lab of Charlie Johnson who is now at The Chinese University of Hong Kong, used a unique gradient-alloy growth substrate to grow graphene with three different domain structures: single layer, Bernal stacked bilayer, and twisted bilayer. The graphene material was then transferred onto a special substrate developed at Brookhaven that allowed the researchers to probe both electronic and optical resonances of the system.
This is a very nice piece of collaborative work, says Johnson. It brings together exceptional capabilities from Brookhaven and Penn that allow us to make important measurements and discoveries that none of us could do on our own.
The researchers were able to detect both electronic and optical interlayer resonances and found that, in these resonant states, electrons move back and forth at the 2D interface at the same frequency. Their results also suggest that the distance between the two layers increases significantly in the twisted configuration, which influences how electrons move because of interlayer interactions. They also found that twisting one of the graphene layers by 30 also shifts the resonance to a lower energy.
Devices made out of rotated graphene may have very interesting and unexpected properties because of the increased interlayer spacing in which electrons can move, says co-corresponding author Jurek Sadowski from Brookhaven.
In the future, the researchers will fabricate new devices using twisted graphene while also building off the findings from this study to see how adding different materials to the layered graphene structure impacts downstream electronic and optical properties.
We look forward to continuing to work with our Brookhaven colleagues at the forefront of applications of two-dimensional materials in quantum science, Johnson says.
Reference: Quantum-Well Bound States in Graphene Heterostructure Interfaces by Zhongwei Dai, Zhaoli Gao, Sergey S. Pershoguba, Nikhil Tiwale, Ashwanth Subramanian, Qicheng Zhang, Calley Eads, Samuel A. Tenney, Richard M. Osgood, Chang-Yong Nam, Jiadong Zang, A.T. Charlie Johnson and Jerzy T. Sadowski, 20 August 2021, Physical Review Letters.DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.086805
The complete list of co-authors includes Zhaoli Gao (now at The Chinese University of Hong Kong), Qicheng Zhang, and Charlie Johnson from Penn; Zhongwei Dai, Nikhil Tiwale, Calley Eads, Samuel A. Tenney, Chang-Yong Nam, and Jerzy T. Sadowski from Brookhaven; Sergey S. Pershogub, and Jiadong Zang from the University of New Hampshire; Ashwanth Subramanian from Stony Brook University; and Richard M. Osgood from Columbia University.
Charlie Johnson is the Rebecca W. Bushnell Professor of Physics and Astronomy in the Department of Physics and Astronomy in the School of Arts & Sciences at the University of Pennsylvania.
This research was supported by National Science Foundation grants MRSEC DMR- 1720530 and EAGER 1838412. Brookhaven National Laboratory is supported by the U.S. Department of Energys Office of Science.
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Atomically-Thin, Twisted Graphene Has Unique Properties That Could Advance Quantum Computing - SciTechDaily
UChicago, Duality Teams to Pitch at 2021 Chicago Venture Summit – Polsky Center for Entrepreneurship and Innovation – Polsky Center for…
Published on Tuesday, September 14, 2021
Several teams from the University of Chicago and Duality the worlds first accelerator focused exclusively on quantum technologies are pitching at the 2021 Chicago Venture Summit.
The venture capital conference takes place September 27-29 and brings together leading venture capital investors and innovation ecosystem leaders with founders.
>> Register for the Deep Tech Showcase, here.
Kicking off the conference on Monday, September 27, the Polsky Center for Entrepreneurship and Innovation and Argonnes Chain Reaction Innovations program are hosting the 2021 Deep Tech Showcase as part of the larger event. The virtual showcase is from 2:00 to 3:30 p.m. (CST).
UChicago and Duality teams pitching include:
// AddGraft Therapeutics is developing a CRISPR-based therapeutic technology using skin cells to treat addiction. The researchers have developed a therapeutic platform that, through a one-time and first-of-its-kind treatment, will effectively cure someone of alcohol use disorder (AUD). The treatment is long-lasting, highly effective, and minimally invasive.
This is completed by using skin epidermal progenitor cells to deliver one or more therapeutic agents. First, the researchers harvest skin stem cells from an AUD patient and genetically modify them using a precise molecular scissor CRISPR. This process will introduce genes that can produce molecules that will significantly reduce the motivation to take or seek alcohol. Then, they re-implant these skin cells into the original host through a skin graft. After the graft has been re-implanted, the skin graft is able to produce these molecules as a bio engine throughout the lifetime of the graft.
// Arrow Immuneis developing next-generation biologics for immuno-oncology in solid tumors. The company is developing protein engineering technology to retain IO molecules in the tumor microenvironment, both to function as monotherapies and to enhance response to checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy.
The company has developed a powerful approach to mask these compounds such that they are inactive in the periphery yet are activated within the tumor, to limit immune-related adverse events and open the therapeutic window.
// Axion Technologies is a Tallahassee, FL-based company, developing a quantum random number generator for high-performance computing systems. Its design enables embedding of unique digital signatures for hardware authentication. The company has received a NSF SBIR award.
// Esya Labs mission is the early, precise, and cost-effective detection of neurodegenerative diseases. Its first-in-class product for Alzheimers Diseasewill provide a 360-degree perspective enabling early diagnosis, a personalized treatment plan based on ranked drug effectiveness for any given patient, and monitoring disease progression.
The platform uses synthetic DNA strands that have been engineered to function in a specific way. These so-called DNA nanodevices are used to measure lysosomes performance by creating chemical maps of their activity a process that had previously not been possible. The company in
// Nanopattern Technologies is commercializing a quantum dot ink that enables the manufacturing of the next generation of energy-efficient, bright, and fast refresh rate displays and recently received a $1 million NSF SBIR grant.
In addition to displays, NanoPatterns patented technology is capable of patterning oxide nanoparticles for optics applications and Near Infrared (NIR) quantum dots for multispectral sensor applications.
// qBraid is developing a cloud-based platform for managed access to other quantum computing software and hardware. The platform includes qBraid Learn and qBraid Lab. qBraid Learn is ready to host any courses developed by the quantum computing ecosystem, but the team has also developed their own educational content. qBraid provides a streamlined experience for first-time learners through its QuBes (quantum beginners) course. Hosted on the qBraid-learn platform, QuBes brings students up to speed on all the background knowledge (mathematics, coding, and physics) necessary to then introduce quantum computing.
qBraid-Lab provides a cloud-based integrated development environment (IDE) for quantum software developers. Unlike other in-browser development platforms, qBraids ecosystem specifically optimizes for quantum computing by providing development environments with all common quantum computing packages pre-installed.
The platform is being used by more than 2500 users from top universities, financial institutions, and various national labs. qBraid has also announced recent collaborations with various government agencies (Quantum Algorithms Institute in British Columbia, the Chicago Quantum Exchange, and the QuSteam) in the US and Canada.
// Quantopticon, based in the UK, develops software for simulating quantum-photonic devices. The software has applications chiefly in the budding fields of quantum computing and ultra-secure quantum communications.
Quantopticon specializes in modelling quantum systems of the solid-state type, which are commonly embedded in cavity structures in order to control and enhance specific optical transitions.Its software for modelling interactions of light with matter is underpinned by an original and proprietary general methodology developed by the team from first principles.
The purpose of their software is ultimately to save quantum-optical designers time and money, by eliminating the need to carry out repeated experiments to test and optimize physical prototypes.
// Super.tech is developing software that accelerates quantum computing applications by optimizing across the system stack from algorithms to control pulses. The company in August announced the launch of a software platform endeavoring to make quantum computing commercially viable years sooner than otherwise possible.
The platform, calledSuperstaQ, connects applications to quantum computers from IBM Quantum, IonQ, and Rigetti, and optimizes software across the system stack to boost the performance of the underlying quantum computers.
Of the teams presenting, Axion, qBraid, Quantopticon, and Super.tech were selected from a competitive pool of applicants from all over the globe and vetted by an internal review process to participate in Cohort 1 of Duality.
Launched in April 2021,Duality is the first-of-its-kind accelerator aimed at supporting next-generation startups focused on quantum science and technology. The 12-month program provides world-class business and entrepreneurship training from theUniversity of Chicago Booth School of Business, Polsky Center, and the opportunity to engage the networks, facilities, and programming from the Chicago Quantum Exchange, the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, and P33.
In July, the European Organisation for Nuclear Research (Cern) announced it would deploy quantum computers (QCs) to power its search for fundamental particles. Unlike a decade ago, QCs are no more tentative prototypes, but fast emerging as a viable tool for niche practical applications ranging from designing novel materials to enabling drug discovery.
QCs are now available as a cloud-based service to anyone with an internet connection. We will see the unveiling of more powerful QCs over the next five years. How prepared is India to ride the quantum technology wave?
Introduced as an idea by Nobel-winning physicist Richard Feynman in the early 1980s, QCs are not merely faster versions of the computers we use but are machines based on the laws of quantum physics. A typical QC hardware computes by manipulating electrons and nuclei using electromagnetic radiation from lasers. The technology is complex as precise control over these delicate manipulation schemes is necessary to perform calculations. If this technology can be mastered, QCs promise, at least for a certain class of problems, unprecedented computational speeds not attainable even by the fastest supercomputers available today.
Barring a few premier institutions, quantum computing is not yet part of the curriculum in most Indian universities and colleges. This issue must be addressed through a programme to skill faculty, enabling them to teach engineering and science undergraduates. By 2024, Indias software developer community is expected to be the largest in the world. By training this community, India can create a quantum workforce for itself and the world.
GoI and the industry must support interdisciplinary research and development in quantum science and technologies. As part of the National Mission on Quantum Technologies and Applications (NM-QTA), the 2020 budget had committed 8,000 crore. Also, a Technology Innovation Hub (TIH) for quantum technologies has been set up at Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, focused on translating research into products and services. These investments must increase. At present, private investments are lacking. Industry and PSUs must be incentivised to evaluate and work on applications relevant to their domain.
Quantum technologies include a whole gamut of interrelated technologies quantum cryptography, quantum sensors, quantum materials, quantum meteorology, etc. Products based on quantum cryptography for secure communications are already available in the market. However, unambiguous evidence of societal benefits of QCs is still lacking. Demonstrating a few showcase applications is critical to persuade industry to invest in quantum technologies. These applications could be in drug discovery, logistics and optimisation, new materials, fintech, machine learning and defence. This will have a cascading effect of seeding a vibrant quantum startup ecosystem leading to job-creation and economic growth.
India must build its own competitively sized QC in mission mode by pooling its existing academic expertise. A few indigenous QCs will give India a voice in shaping the future of quantum computing. With the right policy framework and incentives, India has the potential to become a key player in a global quantum technology market anticipated to reach $31.57 billion (2.32 lakh crore) by 2026. This will generate more technical jobs in the coming decades. India must move fast to respond to the fast-evolving quantum landscape.
See the article here:
View: Its the Spacetime to Quantum - Economic Times
Quantum Computing Breakthrough: Entanglement of Three Spin Qubits Achieved in Silicon – SciTechDaily
Figure 1: False-colored scanning electron micrograph of the device. The purple and green structures represent the aluminum gates. Six RIKEN physicists succeeded in entangling three silicon-based spin qubits using the device. Credit: 2021 RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science
A three-qubit entangled state has been realized in a fully controllable array of spin qubits in silicon.
An all-RIKEN team has increased the number of silicon-based spin qubits that can be entangled from two to three, highlighting the potential of spin qubits for realizing multi-qubit quantum algorithms.
Quantum computers have the potential to leave conventional computers in the dust when performing certain types of calculations. They are based on quantum bits, or qubits, the quantum equivalent of the bits that conventional computers use.
Although less mature than some other qubit technologies, tiny blobs of silicon known as silicon quantum dots have several properties that make them highly attractive for realizing qubits. These include long coherence times, high-fidelity electrical control, high-temperature operation, and great potential for scalability. However, to usefully connect several silicon-based spin qubits, it is crucial to be able to entangle more than two qubits, an achievement that had evaded physicists until now.
Seigo Tarucha (second from right) and his co-workers have realized a three-qubit entangled state in a fully controllable array of spin qubits in silicon. Credit: 2021 RIKEN
Seigo Tarucha and five colleagues, all at the RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, have now initialized and measured a three-qubit array in silicon with high fidelity (the probability that a qubit is in the expected state). They also combined the three entangled qubits in a single device.
This demonstration is a first step toward extending the capabilities of quantum systems based on spin qubits. Two-qubit operation is good enough to perform fundamental logical calculations, explains Tarucha. But a three-qubit system is the minimum unit for scaling up and implementing error correction.
The teams device consisted of a triple quantum dot on a silicon/silicongermanium heterostructure and is controlled through aluminum gates. Each quantum dot can host one electron, whose spin-up and spin-down states encode a qubit. An on-chip magnet generates a magnetic-field gradient that separates the resonance frequencies of the three qubits, so that they can be individually addressed.
The researchers first entangled two of the qubits by implementing a two-qubit gatea small quantum circuit that constitutes the building block of quantum-computing devices. They then realized three-qubit entanglement by combining the third qubit and the gate. The resulting three-qubit state had a remarkably high state fidelity of 88%, and was in an entangled state that could be used for error correction.
This demonstration is just the beginning of an ambitious course of research leading to a large-scale quantum computer. We plan to demonstrate primitive error correction using the three-qubit device and to fabricate devices with ten or more qubits, says Tarucha. We then plan to develop 50 to 100 qubits and implement more sophisticated error-correction protocols, paving the way to a large-scale quantum computer within a decade.
Reference: Quantum tomography of an entangled three-qubit state in silicon by Kenta Takeda, Akito Noiri, Takashi Nakajima, Jun Yoneda, Takashi Kobayashi and Seigo Tarucha, 7 June 2021, Nature Nanotechnology.DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00925-0
IonQ Scores Quantum Computing Deal With University Of Maryland And Announces Its Tripling 2021 Bookings – Forbes
The relationship between higher education and the tech companies I cover as an analyst is close and mutually beneficial. The private sector often provides technology resources, capital, expertise, and knowledge of industry needs and challenges to research institutions, the sandbox of tomorrows tech innovators and leaders.
Quantum technology is at an exciting crossroads now, where it is beginning to migrate out of the realm of research and academia to seek out early commercialization opportunities. Much quicker and more powerful than traditional computing, quantum technology promises to revolutionize everything from medicine to climate science. It could very well change the world as we know it within our lifetimes.
So naturally, I immediately perked up at this weeks news of the University of Maryland (UMD)s $20 million, 3-year investment in quantum computing, the majority of which will go to IonQ, to co-develop a groundbreaking quantum laboratory at the College Park campus of the University.
The National Quantum Lab at Maryland, or Q-Lab for short, looks to be an ambitious project that could pay significant dividends in the efforts to advance and commercialize quantum technology. While I had initially viewed the word investment as a balance sheet impact, versus revenue, IonQ announced today it has tripled its bookings forecast for 2021, suggesting the UMD deal is very much a revenue event. To be clear, the tripling of bookings isnt only UMD, but includes other customers, too.
Lets look at the players, the deal and what it includes.
Something is happening in College Park
Based in College Park, MD, IonQ was founded in 2015 by Christopher Monroe, a professor at the University of Maryland and Jungsang Kim, a professor at Duke University (a great example of higher eds interconnectivity with the private sector). Built on its founders 25 years of academic quantum research, IonQs bread and butter is a subcategory of quantum computing known as trapped ion quantum computing. While a full explanation of trapped ion computing is well beyond the scope of this blog and more in Moor Insights & Strategys Quantum principal analyst Paul Smith-Goodson, know that it is one of the more promising proposed approaches to achieving a large-scale quantum computer.
UMD College Park, for its part, is known as a leading public research universityparticularly in the field of quantum computing. Marylands flagship university has invested approximately $300 million into the field of quantum science over the last 30-plus years and currently hosts over 200 quantum researchers and seven quantum facilities. The campus is already home to the Quantum Startup Foundry and the Mid-Atlantic Quantum Alliance, two organizations committed to advancing the nascent quantum ecosystem.
Q-lab promises to be the worlds first on-campus, commercial-grade quantum user facility. The stated goal of the Q-lab is to significantly democratize access to IonQs state-of-the-art technology, giving students, faculty and researchers hands-on experience with technology such as the companys 32-qubit trapped-ion quantum computer (the most performant quantum computer in operation). Lab users also stand to benefit from the opportunity to collaborate with IonQs quantum scientists and engineering experts, who will co-locate within the lab (which will be located next door to IonQs College Park headquarters).
IonQs market momentum
The announcement of the Q-lab comes along with a flurry of other exciting activity at IonQ. Last month, the company demonstrated its 4X16 Reconfigurable Multicore Quantum Architecture (RMQA), an industry first. IonQ says this breakthrough could enable it to boost its qubit count up to the triple digits on a single chip, also laying the groundwork for theoretical future Parallel Multicore Quantum Processing Units.
Another significant recent announcement from IonQ was that it will now offer its quantum systems on Google Cloud (the first quantum player to do so). For that matter, it is now the only quantum provider available via all three of the major cloud platforms (Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud and AWS) and through direct API access. I see this as another crucial way in which IonQ is democratizing access to quantum computers.
Additionally, the company recently announced a strategic integration with IBM Qiskit. This quantum software development kit will make it easier for quantum programmers to get up and running with IonQs systems. Rounding out the new developments was the announcement of a partnership with SoftBank Investment Advisors to facilitate enterprise deployment of quantum solutions worldwide.
All of these developments, including the Q-lab, considered, its no wonder today IonQ recently tripled its expectations for its 2021 contract bookings, from an original goal of $5 million to an ambitious $15 million. To be clear, the tripling of bookings isnt only UMD, but includes other customers, too. All of this must look good to investors, who will soon get a crack at the Quantum company when it goes public via a special purpose acquisition company (SPAC) later this month (a merger with dMY Technology Group, Inc) under $DMYI.
With both a preeminent quantum research school and a private sector quantum leader located in College Park, the Maryland city could soon be a (if not the) veritable epicenter of quantum technology in the United States. The Q-lab has the potential to produce the next generation of quantum innovators, generate new quantum IP and draw even more quantum startups and scientific and engineering talent to College Park.
Were likely a bit away from recognizing quantum computings full potential as a paradigm shift. However, IonQs moves this summer demonstrate that the technology is entering a new, exciting phase of commercialization, which should only accelerate the process of innovation at research locations such as the new Q-lab. Ill be watching with interest.
From the business point of view, it is great to see IonQ drive orders and subsequently revenue. I hear from some of the uninformed that theres no money in quantum. I think the doubters are wrong and when we all get a closer look at IonQs financials, I believe there will be some surprises.
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Patrick was ranked the #1 analyst out of 8,000 in the ARInsights Power 100 rankings and the #1 most cited analyst as ranked by Apollo Research. Patrick founded Moor
Patrick was ranked the #1 analyst out of 8,000 in the ARInsights Power 100 rankings and the #1 most cited analyst as ranked by Apollo Research. Patrick founded Moor Insights & Strategy based on in his real-world world technology experiences with the understanding of what he wasnt getting from analysts and consultants. Moorhead is also a contributor for both Forbes, CIO, and the Next Platform. He runs MI&S but is a broad-based analyst covering a wide variety of topics including the software-defined datacenter and the Internet of Things (IoT), and Patrick is a deep expert in client computing and semiconductors. He has nearly 30 years of experience including 15 years as an executive at high tech companies leading strategy, product management, product marketing, and corporate marketing, including three industry board appointments.Before Patrick started the firm, he spent over 20 years as a high-tech strategy, product, and marketing executive who has addressed the personal computer, mobile, graphics, and server ecosystems. Unlike other analyst firms, Moorhead held executive positions leading strategy, marketing, and product groups. He is grounded in reality as he has led the planning and execution and had to live with the outcomes.Moorhead also has significant board experience. He served as an executive board member of the Consumer Electronics Association (CEA), the American Electronics Association (AEA) and chaired the board of the St. Davids Medical Center for five years, designated by Thomson Reuters as one of the 100 Top Hospitals in America.
Breakthroughs in quantum computing keep coming the latest quantum processor designed by Google has solved a complex mathematical calculation in less than four minutes; the most advanced conventional computers would require 10,000 years to get to an answer. Heres the problem though: even as scientists perfect the quantum computing hardware, there arent many people with the expertise to make use of it, particularly in real-life settings.
Joe Fitzsimons, the founder of Horizon Quantum Computing, believes he is well-placed to help here. Fitzsimons left academia in 2018 following years of research at Oxford University and the Quantum Information and Theory group in Singapore, spotting an opportunity. Were building the tools that will help people take advantage of these advances in the real world, he explains.
To understand Horizons unique selling point does not require a crash course in quantum computing. The key point is that while conventional computing uses binary processing technique a world reduced to 0 or 1 quantum computing operates using many combinations of these digits simultaneously; that means it can get results far more quickly.
The problem for anyone wanting to take advantage of this speed and power is that conventional computer programs wont run on quantum computing. And not only do you need a different language to tell your quantum computer what to do, the program also needs to be able to work out the best way for the machine to achieve a given outcome; not every possible route will secure an advantage.
A further difficulty is that quantum computer programmers are in short supply. And quantum computer programmers who also understand the intricacies of commercial problems that need solving in financial services, pharmaceuticals or energy, say are non-existent.
Horizon aims to fill this gap. Our role is to make quantum computing accessible by building the tools with which people can use it in the real world, he explains. If there is a problem that can be addressed by quantum computing, we need to make it more straightforward to do so.
Think of Horizon as offering a translation service. If you have written a programme to deliver a particular outcome on a conventional computer, Horizons translation tool will turn it into a programme that can deliver the same outcome from a quantum processor. Even better, the tool will work out the best possible way to make that translation so that it optimises the power of quantum computing to deliver your outcome more speedily.
Horizon's Joe Fitzsimons wants to drive access to quantum computing
In the absence of such tools, real-life applications for quantum computing have been developing slowly. One alternative is to use one of the libraries of programmes that already exist for quantum computing, assuming there is one for your particular use case. Another is to hire a team of experts or buy expertise in from a consultant to build your application for you, but this requires time and money, even if talent with the right skills for your outcome is actually out there.
Instead, we are trying to automate what someone with that expertise would do, adds Fitzsimons. If youre an expert in your particular field, we provide the quantum computing expertise so that you don't need it.
We are not quite at the stage of bringing quantum computing to the masses. For one thing, hardware developers are still trying to perfect the machines themselves. For another, we dont yet have a clear picture of where quantum computing will deliver the greatest benefits, though it is increasingly clear that the most promising commercial use cases lie in industries that generate huge amounts of data and require complex analytics to drive insight from that information.
Nevertheless, Fitzsimons believes widescale adoption of quantum computing is coming closer by the day. He points to the huge volumes of funding now going into the industry not least, private sector investment is doubling each year and the continuing technical breakthroughs.
From a commercial perspective, the forecasts are impressive. The consulting group BCG thinks the quantum computing sector could create $5bn-$10bn worth of value in the next three to five years and $450bn to $850bn in the next 15 to 30 years. And Horizon is convinced it can help bring those paydays forward.
Originally posted here:
How Horizon Plans To Bring Quantum Computing Out Of The Shadows - Forbes
Sept. 8, 2021 How can one predict a materials behavior on the molecular and atomic levels, at the shortest timescales? Whats the best way to design materials to make use of their quantum properties for electronics and information science?
These broad, difficult questions are the type of inquiries that UC Santa Barbara theorist Vojtech Vlcek and his lab will investigate as part of a select group of scientists chosen by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to develop new operating frameworks for some of the worlds most powerful computers. Vlcek will be leading one of five DOE-funded projects to the tune of $28 million overall that will focus on computational methods, algorithms and software to further chemical and materials research, specifically for simulating quantum phenomena and chemical reactions.
Its really exciting, said Vlcek, an assistant professor in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and one of, if not the youngest researcher to lead such a major endeavor. We believe we will be for the first time able to not only really describe realistic systems, but also provide this whole framework for ultrafast and driven phenomena that will actually set the scene for future developments.
I congratulate Vojtech Vlcek on being selected for this prestigious grant, said Pierre Wiltzius, dean of mathematical, physical and life sciences at UC Santa Barbara. Its especially impressive and unusual for an assistant professor to lead this type of complex, multi-institution research project. Vojtech is in a league if his own, and I look forward to future insights that will come from the teams discoveries.
A Multilayer Framework
As part of the DOEs efforts toward clean energy technologies, scientists across the nation study matter and energy at their most fundamental levels. The goal is to design and discover new materials and processes that can generate, manipulate and store energy techniques that have applications in a wide variety of areas, including energy, environment and national security.
Uncovering these potentially beneficial phenomena and connecting them to the atoms they come from is hard work work that could be assisted with the use of the supercomputers that are housed in the DOEs national laboratories.
DOEs national labs are home to some of the worlds fastest supercomputers, and with more advanced software programs we can fully harness the power of these supercomputers to make breakthrough discoveries and solve the worlds hardest to crack problems, said U.S. Secretary of Energy Jennifer M. Granholm. These investments will help sustain U.S. leadership in science, accelerate basic energy and advance solutions to the nations clean energy priorities.
Among these hard-to-crack problems is the issue of many interacting particles. Interactions are more easily predicted in a system of a few atoms or molecules, or in very regular, periodic systems. But add more bodies or use more elaborate systems and the complexity skyrockets because the characteristics and behaviors of and interactions between every particle have to be accounted for. In some cases, their collective behaviors can produce interesting phenomena that cant be predicted from the behavior of individual particles.
People have been working with small molecules, or characterizing perfectly periodic systems, or looking at just a few atoms, Vlcek said, and more or less extending their dynamics to try to approximate the behaviors of larger, more complex systems.
This is not necessarily realistic, he continued. We want to simulate surfaces. We want to simulate systems that have large-scale periodicity. And in these cases you need to consider systems that are not on nanometer scales, but on the scale of thousands of atoms.
Add to that complexity non-equilibrium processes, which are the focus of Vlceks particular project. He will be leading an effort that involves an additional seven co-principal investigators from UC Berkeley, UCLA, Rutgers University, University of Michigan and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
Essentially these systems are driven by some strong external stimuli, like from lasers or other driving fields, he said. These processes are relevant for many applications, such as electronics and quantum information sciences.
The goal, according to Vlcek, is to develop algorithms and software based on a multilayer framework with successive layers of embedding theories to capture non-equilibrium dynamics. The team, in partnership with two DOE-supported Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) Institutes at Lawrence Berkeley and Argonne National Laboratories, begins with the most fundamental assumptions of quantum theory. That foundation is followed by layers that incorporate novel numerical techniques and neural network approaches to take advantage of the intensive computing the supercomputers can perform.
We still stay with the first principles approach, but were making successive levels of approximations, Vlcek explained. And with this approach well be able to treat extremely large systems. Among the many advantages of the methodology will be the ability for the first time to describe experimental systems in real-time, as they are driven by external forces.
The outcome of the project will be bigger than the sum of its parts, said Vlcek. Not only will it provide a method of studying and designing a wide variety of present and future novel materials, the algorithms are also meant for future supercomputers.
One interesting outcome will be that we will also try to connect to future computational platforms, which could possibly be quantum computers, he said. So this framework will actually allow future research on present and future novel materials as well as new theoretical research.
Source: UC Santa Barbara
UMD, IonQ join forces to create the nation’s first quantum computing lab in College Park – The Diamondback
The University of Maryland and IonQ, a College Park-based quantum computing company, announced Wednesday that they will join forces to develop a facility that will give students, faculty, staff and researchers access to a commercial-grade quantum computer.
The new facility, which will be known as the National Quantum Lab at Maryland or Q-Lab for short is the product of a nearly $20 million investment from this university. As the nations first facility of its kind, it will also provide training related to IonQs hardware and allow visitors to collaborate with the companys scientists and engineers, according to a news release.
No other university in the United States is able to provide students and researchers this level of hands-on contact with commercial-grade quantum computing technology and insights from experts working in this emerging field, university President Darryll Pines said in the news release.
The Q-Lab will be located in the Discovery District next to IonQs headquarters by the College Park Airport, the news release stated.
Quantum computing attempts to evolve computer technology, striving to create a machine that can solve more problems at a faster rate.
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Around the time IonQ announced its plans to go public earlier this year, Pines explained that classical computing uses a stream of electrical pulses called bits, which represent 1s and 0s, to store information. However, on the quantum scale, subatomic particles known as qubits are used to store information, greatly increasing computing speed.
Most importantly, we wanted to put our scientists at the cutting edge of quantum computers because we know that we already use supercomputers, Pines said Wednesday. But why not use the best computers that are right in our backyard?
Recent advancements in quantum computing also support research in areas such as biology, medicine, climate science and materials development, the release noted, adding that the creation of the Q-Lab may also attract additional entrepreneurs and startups to College Park.
We could not be more proud of IonQs success and we are excited to establish this strategic partnership, further solidifying UMD and the surrounding region as the Quantum Capital of the world, Pines added.
The development of the Q-Lab builds upon the universitys $300 million investment in quantum science and more than 30-year history of advancements in the field, according to the news release. The university also currently houses more than 200 researchers and seven centers specializing in quantum-related work.
We are very proud that the nations leading center of academic excellence in quantum research chose IonQs hardware for this trailblazing partnership, said Peter Chapman, the president and CEO of IonQ.
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Chris Monroe, a professor in this universitys physics department, and Jungsang Kim co-founded IonQ, which is set to become the first publicly traded commercialized quantum computing company. The company is estimated to go public with a valuation of nearly $2 billion.
The company recently became the first quantum computer supplier whose products are available on all major cloud services providers such as Google Cloud, Microsoft Azure and Amazon Web Services, according to the release.
Monroe and Kim also joined the White Houses National Quantum Initiative Advisory Committee in an effort to accelerate the development of the national strategic technological imperative, the news release stated.
UMD has been at the vanguard of this field since quantum computing was in its infancy, and has been a true partner to IonQ as we step out of the lab and into commerce, industry, and the public markets, Chapman said in the news release.
Senior staff writer Clara Niel contributed to this report.
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UMD, IonQ join forces to create the nation's first quantum computing lab in College Park - The Diamondback