Find useful info when replacing a water heater drain valve, about drain valve problems, how to use it, how does it work...
Water heater drain valves are made of plastic and brass. Recommendation is to use one made of brass as they are more durable with better quality while plastic drain valves are easy to damage especially around threads and are more likely to leak.
AO Smith heaters are, for example, equipped with a reliable
resistant brass drain valve. The standard size is 3/4".
Ball valves are also an option for successful draining, and they are recommended from plumbers for better maintenance.
You will recognize when the water heater drain valve is clogged as the water flows sporadically or trickles instead of a steady stream.
What is blocking the stop mechanism are probably the sediments, and if you cannot clean it under the pressure, this is what you should do:
Open the TPR to let the air into the tank.
Take a small gauge (thin) wire (i.e. coat hanger) and poke through the drain plug opening to eliminate any obstructions.
If the above action is not helping, replace the valve.
As the valve is placed on a certain height from the bottom of the tank, there will always be some water left even when you thoroughly do the draining. Water, left at the bottom of the tank will contain most of the harmful and corrosive particles, which can again clog the drain valve. Recommendation is to flush the whole system to remove those deposits.
There are several reasons why to drain your water heater:
Replacing a heater or component parts that require emptying the unit.
Flushing due to the sediment build up.
Winterizing, prepare your heater for winter by draining the tank.
Water heater drain valve leaks.
Drain plug is clogged.
Before you drain the water heater make sure the water inside the tank is not hot. The best will be if you turn the unit off for a few hours and after that perform the action below.
Shut the electricity off at the breaker to your electric unit or turn the gas control valve to pilot position or thermostat dial to OFF, if the unit is on gas.
Open nearby hot faucets and leave them open. All water to run until it becomes colder (100 F or less).
Close the main shut-off valve on the incoming pipe.
Open the TPR (located on top of the unit).
Connect a hose to the drain valve and use the other end of the hose to terminate to an adequate drain or outdoors.
Make sure all the connections are tight and the flow is directed away from people.
Open the drain valve to allow the water inside the tank to flow out.
When the heater is drained and the flow stops, disconnect the hose from the valve and close it.
When filling the heater... close the water heater drain valve, located at the lower front of the unit, by turning the handle clockwise.
It is recommended that the tank is drained and flushed every 6 months or a year.
Draining and flushing is different. Draining means that you are shutting the supply off and then opening the drain.
When flushing the unit, you connect a discharge hose to the drain valve and then opening it with the incoming water still on. The pressure will force the deposits out of the drain as well as having the incoming water swirl the contents around, to loosen them up.
To replace a drain valve on electric and gas heaters is very easy. It is important to have the water inside the tank cooled off. To replace the part you can either fully or partially (below) drain the water.
Turn the power off at the circuit breaker if the heater is electric or turn the gas valve to pilot if you have a gas unit.
Close the main supply valve located close to the heater.
Prepare the new ball valve by applying the Teflon tape or pipe sealer to the valve threads.
Put the bucket below the valve to collect the exiting water.
Unscrew the old water heater drain valve by using the adjustable wrench or large groove-joint pliers.
Due to the buildup pressure inside the tank, you might have a rush of water once you remove the old valve.
Let the small amount exit.
Quickly install the new valve, turning it clockwise so the heater won't loose too much water.
All heaters have a drain plug at the bottom of the unit. Such a location allows you to perform a routine maintenance and drain the tank easily. But there are also problems... they might be damaged or leaking.
If there is a missing drain valve it may be difficult to get the sediment deposits out of the bottom of the tank. If the valve is damaged it may not be able to operate. If it is leaking than there is a problem that has to be fixed.