The majestic Kathmandu Valley is home to seven UNESCO World Heritage sites. This in itself instils awe amongst the heritage travellers. This valley is of as much historical significance as of artistic achievements. The city of Kathmandu is known as the City of Temples as it is home to several pilgrimage sites of Hindus and Buddhists.The seven include the Durbar Squares of Hanuman Dhoka (Kathmandu), Patan and Bhaktapur, the Buddhist stupas of Swayambhu and Bauddhanath and the Hindu temples of Pashupati and Changu Narayan. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathmandu_Valley
The heritage valley located in the foothills of the Himalayas is home to the religious entity of Swayambhu which includes the oldest Buddhist Monument in the valley, the Pashupatinath has an extensive Hindu temple enclosure, that of Bauddhanath includes the largest stupa in Nepal and Changu Narayan comprises traditional Newari settlement and the hindu temple complex with one of the earliest inscriptions in the valley. The temples are decorated with brass ornaments and terracotta tiles. As the religions developed and prospered throughout Asia, it produced a beautiful architectural fusion beginning from the 5th century A.D. The temples are a display of excellent craftsmanship and outstanding cultural traditions. The commixture of Hinduism and Buddhism and Tantrism is a rich legacy of this valley.
In 2006 the World Heritage Committee was mesmerized by the seven historic entities and their rich heritage. The listed buildings are in a maintained condition and the threat of Urban development is restricted through the Integrated Management Plan.
The Monumental Zones represent the highly developed architectural expression of religious, political and cultural life of Kathmandu Valley, with an ensemble of monuments unique and unparalleled in the world. It is the widely popular centre of settlement in the hill area of Nepal and one of the prime cultural foci of the Himalayas. Pashupatinath is also Nepal’s most renowned Hindu religious site. Changu Narayan Temple is an impressive double-roofed temple which is said to be the most ancient Vishnu temple in Kathmandu Valley.
Kathmandu, the capital, is the political, commercial and cultural hub of Nepal. Kathmandu is an exotic and splendid showcase of a very rich culture, art and tradition. The valley is encircled by a range of green terraced hills and populated by compact clusters of red tiled-roofed houses. A remarkable legend says that the valley was once covered by a lake until the Bodhisattva Manjushri raised his sword of wisdom and sliced a passage through the mountain walls, draining the water and creating the first settlements.
The valley embraces most of Nepal’s religious groups, but Newars are the innate inhabitants and the creators of the valley’s splendid civilization. Kathmandu Valley is composed of seven Monumental Zones with three historical palaces within their essential urban settings (Kathmandu, Patan and Bhaktapur), two Hindu centres (Pashupatinath and Changu Narayan), and two Buddhist centres (Swayambunath and Boudhanath ).
The city of Kathmandu is bubbling with the nation’s population, not only today but also in times past, which probably explains the rich cultural heritage of the city. Kathmandu with its unique architectural heritage, palaces, temples and courtyards has inspired many writers, artists, and poets, both foreign and Nepalese. It boasts a unique symbiosis of Hinduism, Buddhism and Tantrism in its culture, which is still as alive today as it was hundreds of years ago. The religious influence can be openly seen in the city. Most of the principal monuments are in Durbar Square , the social, religious and urban focal point of the city, built between the 12th and the 18th centuries by the ancient Malla kings of Nepal. Some of the most interesting are the Taleju Temple, Kal Bhairab, Nautalle Durbar, Coronation Nasal Chowk, and the Gaddi Baithak, the statue of King Pratap Malla, the Big Bell, Big Drum and the Jaganath Temple.
Another intriguing piece here is the 17th-century stone inscription that is set into the wall of the palace, with writings in 15 languages. It is believed that if anybody deciphers this entire inscription, milk would flow from the spout, which lies just below the unscripted stone wall. Some people say that the inscription contains coded directions to a treasure that King Pratap Malla has buried beneath Mohan Chowk of Durbar Square.
Lalitpur or Patan, just across the holy Bagmati River about 14 km east of Kathmandu city, is a fabulous city of great historic and cultural interest. Bhaktapur (Bhadgaon) is situated at an altitude of 1,401 m. Shaped liked a conch-shell, Bhaktapur means the ‘city of devotees’.
Pashupatinath, 5 km north-east of Kathmandu Valley, is one of the most important Hindu temples. It is Nepal’s most sacred Hindu shrines and one of the subcontinent’s greatest Shiva sites, a sprawling collection of temples, ashrams, images and inscriptions raised over the centuries along the banks of the sacred Bagmati river.