Object Markers in Korean
Object markers are used to mark the objects in sentences.
차 열쇠를 찾는데 잘 안 보이네.
I'm looking for my car key but I cannot find it.
As you're finding car key, car key is the object here. You should mark it with 를 in Korean.
As you well know, 를 is added after vowel-ended nouns like 사과를, 스포츠를, 잡지를. 을 is added after consonant-ended nouns like 수박을, 운동을, 신문을.
를 -> ㄹ in Conversational Korean
In conversational Korean, you can add -ㄹ to vowel-ended nouns like 사괄, 스포츨, 잡질, etc. instead of adding 를.
난 널 사랑해.
I love you.
You can see this sentence a lot in K-Pop songs. As you can see, 는 became -ㄴ and 를 became -ㄹ.
우릴 여기서 꺼내줘.
Please let us out here.
Difference between Korean and Japanese
Some of you are learning Korean after learning Japanese. One thing to note for them is that you should not use 이/가 for the verbs like "like", "love", "can do".
In Japanese, it's recommended to say:
韓国語ができますか。Can you speak Korean?
マリオが大好きです。I love Mario.
運動が嫌いです。I hate exercise.
But in Korean, you should say,
한국어를 할 줄 압니다.
마리오를 무척 좋아합니다.
It sounds really awkward when you use 이/가 for these sentences.
을/를 with 가다
Sometimes, you can use 을/를 with 가다 for places.
오늘도 회사에 가야 돼?
오늘도 회사를 가야 돼?
Should I go to school today, too?
내일은 병원에 가야 할라나?
내일은 병원을 가야 할라나?
Should I go to clinic tomorrow?
In conversational Korean, you can change 을/를 or 에 to 엘 like these:
오늘도 회사엘 가야 돼?
내일은 병원엘 가야 할라나?
As you can guess, 엘 is the shortened form of 에를.
을/를 for time, distance, purpose
When you want to talk about the time you spent, the distance you moved, the purpose of your action, you should use 을/를 for moving verbs like 걷다(walk), 달리다(run), 가다(go).
2km 정도를 걸어 가니 가게가 보였다.
I could see a supermarket after walking about 2 km.
세 시간을 달렸는데, 사람이 한 명 안 보였어.
I drove for 3 hours, but I couldn't see anyone.
오늘은 등산을 가는 날이다.
Today, I go hiking.
을/를 -> 이/가
When you're talking about your wishes, you can change 을/를 to 이/가.
나는 피자를 먹고 싶다.
나는 피자가 먹고 싶다.
I want to eat pizza.
너는 만화책을 읽고 싶니?
너는 만화책이 읽고 싶니?
Do you want to read comic books?
It only works with "나는" or "너는". It doesn't work with the third person words like "제임스는", "그는", etc.
으로 and 이/가 -> 을/를
If a sentence is conjugated with "으로", then 이/가 sometimes becomes 을/를
성적을 기준으로 판단하지 않으면 뭘 기준으로 판단해야 하지?
If we don't judge them by their grades, how should we decide?
그는 수학 강사를 끝으로 학원계를 떠났다.
He left the private institute industry after teaching math for years.