Al-Amali (by al-Mufid)
|Al-Amali (by al-Mufid)|
|Subject||Ethics, beliefs and history|
Al-Amālī (Arabic: الأمالي, literally: dictations) is an Arabic book written by al-Shaykh al-Mufid (d. 413/1022) consisting of hadiths concerning moral issues, religious beliefs, and the history of Islam. The book was dictated by al-Shaykh al-Mufid to his students during seven years in the months of Ramadan within 42 meetings. Al-Najashi referred to the book as al-Amali al-Mutafarriqat (miscellaneous dictations) because its dictation took seven years from 404/1014 through 411/1021.
In bibliographical books, over 30 books entitled "al-Amali" are mentioned, the best-known of which are the ones by prominent scholars such as al-Shaykh al-Saduq, al-Shaykh al-Mufid, al-Sayyid al-Murtada, and al-Shaykh al-Tusi. "Amali" refers to what a teacher reads from memory or from his book in certain meetings or on certain occasions to his students, which is written down by them. It is also called "al-Majalis" (meetings) and "'Ard al-majalis" (presentations at meetings).
Time and Place of the Meetings
Hadiths cited in the book were dictated in the time period between Ramadan 1, 404/March 6, 1014 and Ramadan 27, 411/January 14, 1021. For reasons unknown to us, no meeting was held in 405/1015 and 406/1016. It seems that all meetings in the first year were held in the house of Damra Abu l-Hasan 'Ali b. Muhammad b. 'Abd al-Rahman al-Farsi (about whom nothing is known) located in Ziyarayn in the Riyah Gate of Baghdad. In the subsequent years, the meetings were held in al-Shaykh al-Mufid's mosque in the Riyah Gate and was thus more public.
- Human actions being recorded by angels.
- Virtues of people who seek knowledge.
- Illness purifying one from their sins.
- Knowing the position of Ahl al-Bayt (a) and the acceptance of one's actions by God being conditional upon wilaya.
- The story of 'Uthman b. 'Affan and Banu Umayya, and his preference of the latter over others in their shares of the Treasury, as well his beating 'Ammar b. Yasir.
- Some supplications specific to mornings and evenings, the Prophet's (s) request for the forgiveness of Shi'as.
- Some sermons of Imam 'Ali (a) regarding unachievable dreams and the pursuit of one's appetites.
- A remark by Zayd b. 'Ali regarding Ahl al-Bayt (a) and their not being afraid of brutal rulers.
- Advice by Muhammad b. Hanafiyya.
- That praying after saying one's obligatory prayers is answered by God.
- 'Ali's (a) ordering his Shi'a to observe cautionary dissimulation (taqiyya).
- The last sermon delivered by the Prophet (s).
- God's offering wilaya to all creatures.
- That 'Ali's (a) enemy dies an ignorant.
- That believers' needs will be met.
- When God wills the good for a His servant, He will make him a faqih (knowledgeable) in religion,
- Imam 'Ali's (a) remark concerning asceticism (zuhd),
Significance and Reliability
Translation and Publications
The book has been translated into Persian by Husayn Ustadwali and was published by the Publications of Astan Quds Razavi. It was then published in Qom by the World Congress of al-Shaykh al-Mufid's Millennium.
- Āqā buzurg al-Tihrānī, al-Dharīa, vol. 2, p. 306.
- Shubiyrī, "Āthār-i Shaykh Mufīd", p. 144.
- Shubiyrī, "Āthār-i Shaykh Mufīd", p. 145.
- Mufīd, al-Amālī, p. 2.
- Mufīd, al-Amālī, Content of the book.
- Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 1, p. 26.
- Āqā Buzurg al-Tihrānī, Muḥammad Muḥsin. Al-Dharīʿa ilā taṣānīf al-Shīʿa. Beirut: Dār al-Aḍwāʾ, n.d.
- Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Biḥār al-anwār al-jāmiʿa li-durar akhbār al-aʾimmat al-aṭhār. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Wafāʾ, 1403 AH.
- Mufīd, Muḥammad b. Nuʿmān al-. Al-Amālī. Beirut: Dār al-Mufīd, 1414 AH.
- Shubiyrī, Sayyid Muḥammad Jawād. 1372 Sh. "Āthār-i Shaykh Mufīd". Kungira-yi Jahānī-yi Shaykh Mufīd 92: (142-163)