Wells, A study of the formants of the pure vowels of British English
The phonetic and phonemic symbols used are those of the International Phonetic Association .
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Phonemic symbols for RP vowels are as follows:
/i/ for the vowel of heed (= he'd) /I/ hid /E/ head /æ/ had (stressed) /A/ hard /Q/ hod /O/ haw'd (rhymes with Maud; may or may not be the same as hoard) /U/ hood /u/ who'd (rhymes with mood) /V/ Hud (rhymes with mud) /3/ heard (= herd)
The above transcription is called the 'Narrow Transcription' by Jones , p. 343].
In accordance with the usual custom, phonetic (allophonic) symbols are placed between square brackets [ ], and phonemic symbols between slants / /.
Square brackets also enclose bibliographical references.