Video-based therapy may help babies at risk of autism
Family feedback Video-based therapy for families with babies at risk of autism improves infants' engagement, attention and social behaviour, and might reduce their risk chances of developing the condition, suggests a small study.
Researchers say their findings, published in The Lancet Psychiatry journal, show that using video feedback-based therapy to help parents understand and respond to their baby's early communication style might help modify emerging autism symptoms.
"Targeting the earliest risk markers of autism, such as lack of attention or reduced social interest or engagement, during the first year of life may lessen the development of these symptoms later," says Jonathan Green, a Manchester University professor of child and adolescent psychiatry, who led the study.
People with autism have varying levels of impairment across three areas: social interaction and understanding, repetitive behaviour and interests, and language and communication.
The exact causes of the neurodevelopmental disorder are not known, but evidence shows they are likely to include a range of genetic and environmental factors.
In this study, a specially adapted Video Interaction for Promoting Positive Parenting Programme (iBASIS-VIPP) was delivered to babies aged seven to 10 months who had a higher risk of autism because they had an autistic older sibling.
Fifty-four families with a high-risk baby were randomly assigned to get either iBASIS-VIPP or no intervention. The video group got at least six home visits, where a therapist used video feedback to help parents respond to the baby's communication and improve attention, language development and social engagement.
After five months, families who received video therapy showed improvements in infant engagement, attention and social behaviour, suggesting the therapy may be able to modify the emergence of autism-related symptoms, say the researchers.
They also note, however, that babies in the video group appeared to have a reduced responsiveness to language sounds.
Cautious welcome to findings
Experts not directly involved in the research say the study is robust and cautiously welcome its findings.
"It will be important to document whether any such changes observed in the children's behaviour persist in the absence of continued intervention," says Melissa Allen, a psychology lecturer and autism specialist at the University of Lancaster.
"Whether these changes are long lasting and can prevent an autism diagnosis remains an open and essential question."