- Insulin deficiency
- Reduced utilization of glucose
- Intracellular hypoglycaemia
- Extracellular hyperglycaemia
which is responsible for maintaining the glucose levels in the blood (
main source of energy ).
leads to reduced utilization of glucose, which inturn results in an
elevated levels of glucose ( condition known as hyperglycaemia ).
they cannot synthesize enough insulin hormone that is required by the
body to carryout its normal functions.
Main symptom is hyperglycemia,
weight loss, and
Type 2 diabetes / Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
Insulin production by the pancreas
is normal but the body cells become resistant and non-responsive to
insulin, which leads to diabetes. Hence the cell membrane becomes
impermeable to glucose.
Other causes are : reduced insulin secretion, increased production of glucose by the liver.
It is more common incase of middle age adults and elder people.
Prolonged hyperglycemia, may lead to obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, delayed healing, tiredness, and blurred vision.
It is common among pregnant women and is due to abnormal changes in the hormonal level during pregnancy.
are many side effects and complications associated with diabetes. Hence
early diagnosis and proper treatment is necessary to prevent any
Treatment depends on the type of diabetes.
Proper diet, weight management, healthy lifestyle,
enough physical activity, proper monitoring are necessary to control
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