George Fernandes Biography and Life History in English
George Fernandes Biography
The life of George Fernandes was a full of struggle. He was the leader of a politician, journalist and labour union in Indian history. He was a member of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha of India. He has also been the Defence Minister of India.
George Fernandes of the 88 year is his birth anniversary today (June 3). They lived in our middle for a long time. He was the prominent leader of Janata Dal (United) and later who also founded Samata Party. He took over the responsibility of several important ministries in the Central Government in his political career. He served as Minister of Communications, Industry Minister, Railways and Defence Minister.
He won 9 times Lok Sabha elections in his political career. In the fourteenth Lok Sabha elections, he was elected parliament from Muzaffarpur to Janata Dal (United). Fernandes was Defence Minister in the Central Government Cabinet of the National Democratic Alliance from 1998 to 2004.
He plays main role in Railways strike in 1974. Fernandes was the biggest opposition of the Indira Gandhi Government. That is why she was also the star of Indira Gandhi’s eyes. He was the Christian leader alone in the Cabinet of the Atal Bihari Vajpayee Government. It is believed that his parents sent him to Bangalore for education of religion, but he went to Bombay and came there to emerge as the leader of a trade union. From 1950 to 60, he has led many strikes. In 1975, Indira Gandhi announced the Emergency. He also challenged Indira Gandhi in that emergency.
Then the Indira Govt took hold of the relevant leaders and started putting them in jail. At that time Fernandes became underground. In 1977, when he was an industry minister, he used IBM to work incorrectly. And instructed Coca Cola to leave the country.
George Fernandes early life and education
|Full Name||George Mathew Fernades|
|Date of Birth||3 June 1930|
|Birth Place||Mangalore, Karnataka, India|
|Death||29 January 2019|
|Age at the time of death||88 years|
|Fathers Name||John Josef Fernades|
|Mothers Name||Alice Martha Fernades|
|Brothers||Micheal, Paul,Aloysius and Rechard Fernades|
|College||St.Alousius College, Mangalore|
|Educational||Higher Secondary drop|
|Profession||Politics,Trade Union Leader,Journalist,Labour Union Leader,Communication Minister,Railway & Defence MInister also Member of Legeslative assembly of Bihar|
|Politics Party||Samta Munch|
|Wife Name||Leila Kabir|
Fernandes was born on 3 June 1930 in a Mangalorean Catholic family in Mangalore. His father was John Joseph Fernandes and mother Alice Martha Fernandes. He is the eldest so0n of the among six children of their parents. The names of his siblings are: Lawrence, Michael, Paul, Alousius and Richard.
His mother was a great admirer of the King George V, who was born on June 3. So George put the name of the older son ahead.
Fernandes raised the voice against this discrimination policy of the society. At the age of 19, he started working on this topic. They united all workers living in Mangalore, such as road transport industry, restaurant and workers employed in the hotel.
He started his education from a municipal school and church school in Mangalore. He completed his Secondary School Leaving Certificate from Alloysius College of Mangalore. Being the eldest son due to the family’s conservative tradition after school education, he was sent to St. Peter Seminary in Bangalore for education of religion. At the age of 16, he was trained in Roman Catholic clergy from 1946-1948. At the age of 19, he left the religious school because of frustration, because in the school, Fathers used to sit well at high tables, while the trainees did not get such facilities.
George Fernandes lived at Mumbai
After leaving studies, Fernandes came to Mumbai. In 1949, he started wandering around looking for a job in Mumbai. After searching a lot, finally got a join in Newspaper Company as a proof reader post. But there was a living problem in Mumbai; they were ever spending their time on the Chaupati bench and on the pavement.
Meanwhile, on 1950 he met Ram Manohar Lohia. He was very impressed with them. After that he soon joined the social trade union. And began to take up the movement against the workers. In the year 1950, he collected all the workers working low money problems in various places, in companies such as labourers, hotels and wherever the labourers were working. And thus he continued to be a leader of the labourers.
Then when the election of the Mumbai Municipal Corporation came, the workers made their leader by giving a huge majority. Thus, after becoming the election of Mumbai Civic in 1961 and 1968, he became a member of the Mumbai Municipal Corporation. And this is how his first staircase was started.
Even after becoming a member of the Mumbai Municipal Corporation, he continued the struggle against the labourers. And also work in the state. In this way Fernandes came to Limelight of the big leaders.
In the meantime, the election of the Lok Sabha in Maharashtra came in 1967. So the party United Socialist gave the ticket for fight election from South Mumbai seat. And when the result of the election came, Fernandes won with 48.5 percent of the votes. And after this his name was ‘George the Gentquiler’. His opponent Patil did not tolerate this defeat and left politics.
George Fernandes political career
George was far ahead in the strike, so he became a very popular striking leader. After winning the Lok Sabha election in 1969, the party made him the General Secretary of the Joint Socialist Party. And in 1973, the party declared him the chairman.
George Fernandes Railway Strike 1974
George was made president of All India Railway Federation in 1974. Under the chairmanship of George, in 1974, the railways staged strike. The railway speed on its warnings in the entire country stopped on May 8, 1974. Workers were demanding the third pay commission and raise the allowance. He had said that salary should be increased from 1947.
At first the government did not pay attention. But when all the work in the country has been stalled due to the strike. Then the government came into action and in such a situation, he crushed the agitators with strict ado and arrested 30 thousand people and put them in jail. Among them were George Fernandes. Apart from this, there were some other collaborators.
During this thousands of people were evicted from government colonies of jobs and railway. Many places had to be summoned by the Army.
The effect of this ruthlessness and the strike ended within three weeks. But Indira Gandhi suffered the loss due to it and she never got the votes of labourers and workers. Although Indira Gandhi tried to defend her move by citing increased poverty and poverty in the country. But he described the strike as an example of increasing violence and indiscipline in the country. Later he used to give an example of this strike to justify the emergency.
George Fernandes as defence minister
Baroda dynamite case
In July 1975, went to Vadodara. They used to meet some leaders and colleagues, want to break down the coaches. His motive was not wrong. Indira Gandhi was a despotic government. So they wanted to scare him away. This plot is known as the Baroda Dynamite Case.
The investigation of this case was given to the CBI. In this case, the CBI was presented to George in the Tees Hazard Court of Delhi, and then he was sent to jail. Election was held in the country in 1977. During the entire election, he could not even go to his area once, but after this he also won unexpectedly. He won by about three lakh votes from here. During election, his handcuffed photo was promoted. After the defeat of Indira Gandhi, when the Janata Party government formed in the centre, all the cases recorded during the Emergency were withdrawn and all the accused were released. And became the first non-Congress Prime Minister in the country and George Fernandes was made Union Industry Minister.
Then his government came in a minority in 1979. And in the 1980s, the general election was held in which Congress Party formed the government. But he was a parliament from Muzaffarpur. So he got the responsibility of the Railway Minister. In 1994 he formed Samata Party.
Fernandes secured the post of Defence Minister of India in 2nd and 3rd National Democratic Alliance Governments (1998-2004). During his tenure, Kargil war broke out between India and Pakistan in 1999. In which the Indian army dispersed the Pakistanis, freed the place captured by them. The name of the ISA campaign was conquered.
He was very fond of writing and reading. So he has also been Konkani Youth and editor of Raithavani Weekly. Apart from this, they have written the following books: –
- What Ails the Socialists (1972)
- Socialist Communist Interaction in India
- In the year of the disabled: India’s disabled government (1981)
- Dignity for All: Essays in Socialism and Democracy (1999)
- George Fernandes Speaks (1991)
George Fernandes died
He died on May 29, 2019 at Max Hospital. He was a great hardworking and honest man. From his struggles, we should learn something in our life.
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