Goff man in his article said that it is an individual’s interest to control the conduct of others because it is obvious that when an individual is in the presence of others they get interested in finding out about them. People try to bring up information that they already know about others. Their interest is based on the economic status of others, their self-conception. Individuals are concerned of what others think about them. The reasons of individuals seeking information about others may seem to be just to know however, there are more practical reasons to it. The main reasons are to help in defining situations and help in knowing each other’s expectations. This will help them know how to act to get a response they really desire. Another individual’s presence helps the others get the information they need to direct events of their own benefit. When an individual is in the presence of others, his character and activity are in accordance with those around him or her.
The others also find that they accept the individual’s beliefs just as a return of his promissory character. Control is largely achieved through the influence on others. Individuals influence situations which the other person expresses himself or herself. When a person makes an appearance before others, his actions help in influencing definition of a situation. An individual could behave in a way to influence a certain response they want from others. The information got at first from an individual may change as interaction continues to take place. When an individual makes an appearance to a group of others most of them have a motive of controlling impressions they are likely to receive in that situation (Goffman 1-9).
Greta FoffPaule "getting and making a tip" article the subjects in it try to control the conduct of others with respect to their environments. The financial hazard as well as the emotional hazard, draws most of the attention. The workers that get gratuities exercise very little control on the material outcome of tipping as well as the symbolic implications. For example, drivers usually use different strategies in order to increase odds of getting tips. Such strategies are inclusive of making padded charges that are unnecessary like charging luggage. They also engage in embarrassing passengers to get a bigger tip and engaging customers in hard luck stories. The cab drivers in most cases have different types of passengers, which they create to predict the fares of each. This driver’s typology of fares and strategies do not further the degree of his control of the tip. Therefore, a driver’s ability to control the outcome of the tip is usually minimal. The restaurant servers have a thesis of limited worker control. According to researchers it increases their tip earnings. They also have customer typologies like the cab drivers to increase tips (Paules 550-600).
In the article, by Natalie Adams and Pamela Bettis "commanding the room in short skirts: cheering as the embodiment of ideal girlhood." There are a lot of changes on the feminine structure reading about cheerleading. These changes have taken place in order to be able to accommodate the changing and contradicting meanings of normative femininity. Today’s girl has both masculine and feminine character. Cheerleading gives a well sanctioned space for most girls to have their ideal girlhood. Cheerleading perpetuates feminist and at the same time does not pose any threats to values and expectations concerning girls’ roles and place in society (Natalie 350).
Goffman, Erving. Presentation of self in Everyday Life. New York: Double Day and Company, 1959. Print.
Natalie, Adams and Pamela. commanding the room in short skirts: cheering as embodiment of ideal girlhood. New York: Palgrave Press. , 1999. Print.
Paules, Greta Foff. "Getting and Making a Tip." Dishing it out : power and resistance among waitresses in a New Jersey restaurant 14 June 1991: 450-660. Print.