Sincethe number of obese people in our country has doubled and in some areas even tripled. The blame for this is spread among many sources, perhaps including a more sedentary lifestyle, increased consumption of foods high in unhealthy types of fats—particularly trans fats—and increased consumption of food away from home. A corollary issue with increased weight gain is the increase in Type II adult-onset diabetes. People have begun to understand the link between fast food and poor health.
Abnormal urine output Therapy a. Thiazide diuretics and other drugs, such as clofibrate, chlorpropramide enhance the renal tubular effects of ADH and also contribute to the stimulation of ADH release. The name, however, is somewhat misleading, because hyponatremia is usually a problem of too much water, not too little sodium a.
Pseudohyponatremia is a laboratory artifact that occurs in the setting of extreme hyperlipidemia or hyperproteinemia. Hypertonic hyponatremia results from the shift of water from ICF to ECF, which is caused by the presence of osmotically active particles e.
Serum sodium concentration is reduced, but the osmolality of the ECF is normal or even above normal. Etiology Decreased renal water excretion 1.
Decreased glomerular filtration rate. Increased proximal tubular reabsorption. Decreased renal perfusion pressure in diseases such as congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome stimulates proximal tubular reabsorption.
This syndrom is associated with the following disorders: The mechanism is believed to be stimulation of the so-called J receptors in the pulmonary circulation. Inhibition of water reabsorption furosemide 3. Pseudohyperkalemia may be caused by release of potassium from red cells True hyperkalemia may result from extrarenal and renal causes.
Acidosis may be associated with an acute shift of potassium from ICF to ECF as hydrogen ions and chloride ions enter cells. Hyperkalemia in diabetic patients may be due to a lack of insulin. Acute increases in ECF osmotic activity may produce a transcellular shift of potassium and following hyperkalemia.
Acquired aldosterone deficiency obstructive uropathy, diabetic nephropathy, interstitial renal disease etc. Several adrenal enzyme defects are associated with aldosterone deficiency.
NSAIDs act to reduce renin secretion and may produce hyperkalemia through aldosterone deficiency. Some diseases are associated with tubular defects of actions of aldosterone, even if the aldosterone levels are high amyloidosis, obstructive nephropathy, lupus erythomatodes Clinical features 1.
|Osmolarity in Potato Tuber Cylinders? | Yahoo Answers||IntroductionWater plays a key role in order for cells to carry out all the functions of life, particularly in plant cells. Plant cells need water for three main reasons.|
|Osmosis and Diffusion AMC | Essay Example||Lab 5 Diffusion and Osmosis Objectives a. In addition, higher concentration gradient will increase rate of diffusion including osmosis.|
Hyperkalemia may alter muscle function, neuromuscular transmission, leading to severe weakness or paralysis. Glucose and insulin, i. Diuretics furosemideincrease potassium excretion e. Cation exchange resins, administration of polystyrene sulfonate binds potassium in the gastrointestinal tract.
Hypokalemia is defined as serum potassium concentration of less than 3.The potato cuboids placed into the sucrose solution of and shows an average positive percent change in mass indicating that they gained weight.
This shows that the solution was hypotonic. On the other hand, the potato cuboids placed into the sucrose solutions of , and show an average negative change in percent mass indicating that they lost weight.
weight, will be an indicator of net osmosis in potato slices. 1. Use the 1 M sorbitol stock solution and distilled water to make 50 ml each of , , , Sep 17, · Best Answer: 1. The title should be something like: Percentage change in weight of potatoes under various sucrose molarity 2.
sucrose molarity is your x axis and your y axis should be "% change in weight" so if the weight decreased, then the weight change will be -ve hence the % will be negative and therefore it'll be below the y benjaminpohle.com: Resolved.
1) Observe the effects of different concentrations of salt solutions on potato cores. 2) Infer the relationship between weight loss and rate of osmosis.
3) Use . The change in weights if any was then calculated between each individual potato’s initial and final weight. Results After we finished recording the data of the experiment it became evident that the solution of was the osmolarity of the potato.
In this experiment we estimated the osmolarity of potato tuber cores by submersing different potato cores into sucrose solutions of M, and weighing the potato. The results showed the weight of the potato tubers had the highest show more content.