Space exploration is something which technology is required to get your answer.Even though its modern it has been going on for quite a long time and still is going now.What astronomers have discovered in the past will help us and add onto our points into the future,but first we need to know what happened before.
On febuary the 24th 1946,a Bumper (a German V-2 rocket acting as first stage) bearing a WAC Corporal at White Sands accelerated to 8,290 kilometres per hour (5,150 mph) to become the first flight of more than five times the speed of sound.The WAC Corporal was a hypergolic liquid-fuel rocket. Fuming nitric acid was the oxidizer and a mixture of aniline and furfuryl alcohol (with the later addition of hydrazine) was the fuel. It was launched by a solid fuel Tiny Tim booster. The bumper became the first human-made object to enter space.
In the same year,a rocket V-2(technical name was Aggregat 4)took the first pictures of Earth with an altitude of 105.Later on,the Aggregat 4 was the world's first long-range guided ballistic missile. The missile, powered by a liquid-propellant rocket engine, was developed during the Second World War in Germany as a "vengeance weapon", assigned to attack Allied cities as retaliation for the Allied bombings against German cities. The V-2 rocket also became the first man-made object to travel into space by crossing the Kármán line with the vertical launch of MW 18014 on 20 June 1944.
A few years later like the V-2,The R-1 rocket was a tactical ballistic missile manufactured in the Soviet Union based on the German V-2 rocket. Even though it was a copy, it was manufactured using Soviet industrial plants and gave the Soviets valuable experience which later enabled the USSR to construct its own much more capable rockets.
Many years later,Genesis was a NASA sample-return probe that collected a sample of solar wind particles and returned them to Earth for analysis. It was the first NASA sample-return mission to return material since the Apollo program, and the first to return material from beyond the orbit of the Moon. Genesis was launched on August 8, 2001, and the sample return capsule crash-landed in Utah on September 8, 2004, after a design flaw prevented the deployment of its drogue parachute. The crash contaminated many of the sample collectors. Although most were damaged, some of the collectors were successfully recovered
The most recent space exploration mission was in 2017,the INS-1A is a versatile and modular Nano satellite bus system envisioned for future science and experimental payloads. With a capability to carry up to 3 kg of payload and a total satellite mass of 11 kg, it offers immense opportunities for future use. The INS system is developed as a co-passenger satellite to accompany bigger satellites on PSLV launch vehicle. Its primary objectives include providing a standard satellite bus for launch on demand services and providing opportunity to carry innovative payloads.The main objectives of the INSA-1A was to:•Design and develop a low cost modular Nano satellite
- Provide an opportunity for ISRO technology demonstration payloads
- Provide a standard bus for launch on demand services
- Provide an opportunity to carry innovative payloads for Universities / R&D laboratories
I believe in the future with all of this equipment to use and technology astronmers scientists and astronauts can find so much more in the universe.
I have used Wikipedia https://www.wikipedia.org/
and Google https://www.google.co.uk/#spf=1572087802677