Tagged Questions

Harmonic analysis is the generalisation of Fourier analysis. Use this tag for analysis on locally compact groups (e.g. Pontryagin duality), eigenvalues of the Laplacian on compact manifolds or graphs, and the abstract study of Fourier transform on Euclidean spaces (singular integrals, ...

3answers
469 views

Do discontinuous harmonic functions exist?

A function, $u$, on $\mathbb R^n$ is normally said to be harmonic if $\Delta u=0$, where $\Delta$ is the Laplacian operator $\Delta=\sum_{i=1}^n\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_i^2}$. So obviously, ...
0answers
89 views

Curvatures of contours of solutions of 3d Poisson's equation

Let $f(x,y,z)$ be a complex function in a 3d euclidian space that fulfill the Poisson's equation \frac{\partial^2}{\partial x^2} f + \frac{\partial^2}{\partial y^2} f + \frac{\partial^2}{\partial ...
3answers
159 views

What is a “domain” in the maximum-minimum principle?

The maximum-minimum principle says that A harmonic function on a domain cannot attain its maximum or its minimum unless it is constant. Here is my question: If we restrict our attention in ...
1answer
136 views

On covering lemma and Calderón–Zygmund decomposition

I am working on something which needs to understand covering lemmas and Calderón–Zygmund decomposition. These type of lemmas are as in the following link ...
1answer
498 views

Theorem of Steinhaus

The Steinhaus theorem says that if a set $A \subset \mathbb R^n$ is of positive inner Lebesgue measure then $\operatorname{int}{(A+A)} \neq \emptyset$. Is it true that also ...
1answer
373 views

Reference request: Fourier and Fourier-Stieltjes algebras

I would like to learn the basic theory of Fourier algebras and Fourier-Stieltjes algebras. In particular, I want to know how these two objects are defined in the case of not necessarily abelian ...
0answers
226 views

Motivation for abstract harmonic analysis

I am reading Folland's A Course in Abstract Harmonic Analysis and find this book extremely exciting. However it seems Folland does not give many examples to illustrate the motivation behind much of ...
1answer
128 views

Surjective endomorphism preserves Haar measure

How to prove the following statement: Let $G$ be a compact topological group and let $m$ be the Haar measure on it. Let $\varphi$ be a continuous endomorphism of $G$ onto $G$, i.e., the map $\varphi$ ...
1answer
124 views

On a duality Fefferman-Stein's inequality

Let $M$ be the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator. In the book "Weighted norm inequalities and Related Topics" by Rubio de Francia and J. Cuerva, page 150, theorem 2.1.2 states as the following: *For ...
1answer
197 views

Applications of Young's convolution inequality

Recall that the convolution of two functions is given by $$f*g(y)=\int f(x)g(y-x)dx.$$ The well known inequality known as Young's inequality, say that $$\|f*g\|_r\leq\|f\|_p\cdot\|g\|_q$$ provided ...
0answers
324 views

Spherical harmonics give all the irreducible representations of $SO(3)$?

It is mentioned in Wiki that the spaces $\mathcal{H}_{k}$ of spherical harmonics of degree $k$ give ALL the irreducible representations of $SO(3)$. Could anyone tell me where can I find the proof? ...
1answer
242 views

Stone-Weierstrass implies Fourier expansion

To prove the existence of Fourier expansion, I have to solve the following exercise, which supposedly follows from the Stone-Weierstrass theorem: Let $G$ be a compact abelian topological group ...
1answer
327 views

Properties of Haar measure

Let $G$ be a locally compact group (but not discrete) and let $m$ be its left Haar measure. Is it true that $\forall \epsilon$ $\exists$ $C$ such that $C$ is a compact neighborhood of the identity and ...
1answer
220 views

Left regular representation of $L^1(G)$ for a locally compact group $G$

Let $G$ be a locally compact group (not discrete) and let $L$ be the left regular representation of $A = L^1(G)$ on itself i.e. $L: A \to \mathcal{B}(A)$ where $L(f): A \to A$, $L(f)(g) = f*g$. I want ...
0answers
76 views

Preduals of Banach spaces and in particular of $\text{BMO}(\mathbf R^d)$

In general the predual of a Banach space is not unique. If there are multiple ones must they be isomorphic? More specifically is $H^1(\mathbf R^d)$ the only predual of $\text{BMO}(\mathbf R^d)$ or ...
3answers
352 views

Rate of divergence for the series $\sum |\sin(n\theta) / n|$

In the following we consider the series $$S(N;\theta)= \sum_{n = 1}^{N} \left| \frac{\sin n\theta}{n} \right|$$ parametrized by $\theta$. It is well known that this series (taking the limit ...
0answers
178 views

Proving the maximum principle for harmonic real valued functions in $\mathbb{R}^n$

Assuming the principle is stated as such: Let $U\subset\mathbb{R}^n$ be a bounded domain and $u$ harmonic in $U$ such that $\sup_{x\in U}u(x)\leq A$ for some $A\in\mathbb{R}$. Then either \$\forall ...
1answer
76 views

Restriction and completion of Haar measure on $\mathbf{R} \times \mathbf{R_d}$ to Borel $\sigma$-algebra

Let's consider the measure space $(G, \mathfrak{M}, \mu)$, where $\mu$ is the Haar measure on topological group $G:=\mathbf{R} \times \mathbf{R_d}$, ($\mathbf{R}$ is the group of reals with the ...
1answer
160 views

Example of a locally compact connected Abelian group with non-$\sigma$-finite measure

I look for an example of an Abelian locally compact topological group $G$ such that: $G$ is connected and Haar measure on $G$ is not $\sigma$-finite and $\{0\} \times G \subset \mathbf{R} \times G$ ...
0answers
283 views

Positive definite function zoo

A positive definite function $\varphi: G \rightarrow \mathbb{C}$ on a group $G$ is a function that arises as a coefficient of a unitary representation of $G$. For a definition and discussion of ...
2answers
366 views

Bounded linear operators that commute with translation

I'm trying to read Elias Stein's "Singular Integrals" book, and in the beginning of the second chapter, he states two results classifying bounded linear operators that commute (on $L^1$ and $L^2$ ...
0answers
123 views

Steinhaus theorem in topological groups

Let $(G,\cdot)$ be a locally compact Abelian topological group with Haar measure. It is known that if $B$ is a measurable subset of $G$ of finite and positive Haar measure then \$int(B \cdot B)\neq ...
1answer
180 views

Asymptotic error of Fourier series partial sum of sawtooth function

In Iwaniec's book, Topics in Classical Automorphic Forms, pg. 4, he gives the statement: $$\{x\}=\frac{1}{2}-\sum_{n=1}^N\frac{\sin 2\pi nx}{\pi n}+O((1+||x||N)^{-1})$$ where $\{x\}$ denotes the ...
1answer
200 views

Transitive group actions and homogeneous spaces

Given a topological group $G$ and a space $X$ with a transitive $G$ action, let $G_x$ be the isotropy group of a point. In Folland "A course in harmonic analysis", there is a statement that $X$ is ...
1answer
554 views

Lyapunov's Inequality for Weak-Lp Spaces

Let $(X,\mu)$ be a measure space. Suppose that $0 < p_{0} < p < p_{1} < \infty$ and $\frac{1}{p} = \frac{1-\theta}{p_{0}} + \frac{\theta}{p_{1}}$ for some $\theta \in (0,1)$. If \$f \in ...
1answer
90 views

Fourier analysis on groups and paths in a Cayley graph

If one takes a cyclic group and a function on this group, and performs harmonic analysis on it (classical Fourier analysis), the result is a set of coefficients, each one of them corresponding to ...
1answer
172 views

Fourier transform of function in $L^{4/3}$

Suppose $f \in L^{4/3}(\mathbb{R}^2)$ and denote its Fourier transform by $\mathscr{F}(f)$. Is it true that the function $g:\mathbb{R}^2 \rightarrow \mathbb{C}$ defined by ...
1answer
123 views

In what locally compact abelian groups does $\mathbb{Q}$ embed densely?

I know that there is classification of local fields, but here is a closely related question: Can the additive group of $\mathbb{Q}$ be a proper dense subgroup of a locally compact abelian group, whose ...
1answer
2k views

Criteria for swapping integration and summation order

I have a function (a potential from an electrostatic potential via a Fourier series) in the form of $$V(x, y, z)=\sum_n\sum_m \ a(x, n, m) b(y, n) c(z, m) \int\int f(u, v) d(u,n) e(v,m) du\, dv$$ ...
1answer
115 views

Restricted Direct Products in Koch's Number Theory

On p.353 of Number Theory: Algebraic Numbers and Functions by Helmut Koch, he considers a group $G$ which is the restricted direct product of the locally compact abelian groups $G_i$ with respect to ...
2answers
105 views

regularity of $d\mu=u dx$

Let $G$ be a abelian, locally compact group with a Haar measure $dx$ on $G$. We know that every Haar measure is inner regular, ie... for any open subset $U$ of $G$, then ...
1answer
173 views

Hardy-Littlewood maximal function of a Lipschitz function

In a book, it is said that Hardy-Littlewood maximal function of a Lipschitz function is also Lipschitz. How do we prove this? +) For Hardy-Littlewood maximal function, see: ...
0answers
156 views

Harmonic measure

could anybody will help me to do this problems: Let $\mathcal D$ be the unit disk a Set $E\subseteq\partial\mathcal D$ has harmonic measure identically $0$ with respect to $\mathcal D$. What can you ...
1answer
369 views

Is this a square wave signal?

i have a decomposition of a square wave signal: $$y = \frac{4h}{\pi}(\sin(x) + \frac{1}{3}\sin(3x) + \frac{1}{5}\sin(5x) + ...)$$ I computed the fundamental wave and 2 harmonic waves:  U_{r0} = ...
1answer
76 views

Convolution on noncommutative group algebras

If $G$ is a non-Abelian locally compact group, and $f$ is in $L^1{(G)}$ and $u$ is in $L^{\infty}(G)$, and $f\ast u=0$ can it be concluded that $u\ast f=0$?
0answers
134 views

Extending a convolution operator from $L^p(\mathbb{R}^d)$ to $L^p(\mathbb{R}^d;L^q(\Omega))$

Let $1<p,q<\infty$ and $\Omega$ some $\sigma$-finite measure space. Let $T$ denote a bounded convolution operator on $L^p(\mathbb{R}^d)$ with scalar valued kernel $K$ which is locally integrable ...
0answers
121 views

Estimate the Hilbert transform

Let $1\leq p<∞$: Suppose that there exists a constant $C>0$ such that for all $f\in S(\mathbb{R})$ with $L^p$ norm one we have $$\biggl|\{x:|H(f)(x)|>1\}\biggr|\leq C.$$ Here $H(f)$ is ...
2answers
508 views

Sine wave harmonics, sawtooth waveform modified

I am trying to find the formula to generate the waveform below. By using harmonics on standard sine waves and then combining the outcomes, I have managed to generate, triangle, sawtooth and square ...
1answer
195 views

Suppose $\phi$ is a weak solution of $\Delta \phi = f \in \mathcal{H}^1$. Then $\phi\in W^{2,1}$

I'm trying to prove the statement in the title in as simple a way as possible. It is Theorem 3.2.9 in Helein's book "Harmonic maps, conservation laws, and moving frames", although it is not proved ...
2answers
318 views

Why are translation invariant operators on $L^2$ multiplier operators

For $m \in L^\infty$, we can define the multiplier operator $T_m \in L(L^2,L^2)$ implicitly by $\mathcal F (T_m f)(\xi) = m(\xi) \cdot (\mathcal F T_m)(\xi)$ where $\mathcal F$ is the Fourier ...
1answer
246 views

Convolution on group with measure

I was wondering about the generalization of the concept of convolution from the familiar one on real spaces and how many properties still remain. For convolution on Lebesgue-integrable real-valued ...
1answer
165 views

Convolution inequality

Let $u$ and $v$ be two $L^1(\mathbb{R})$ functions such that $\|u\|_{L^1} \le \|v\|_{L^1}$ and $f$ is non-negative $L^1(\mathbb{R})$ with non-negative inverse Fourier transform. Is it true that for ...
2answers
77 views

Sequence of smooth functions whose image under a maximal operator diverges in $L_p$ norm

For functions $f: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{C}$, define $$M f(x) = \sup_{t >0} \frac{1}{2}| f(x+t) + f(x-t) |.$$ Given $p \geq 1$, I want to construct a sequence of smooth functions ...
1answer
82 views

Bound on the relative measure of $\delta$-neighbourhoods of compact sets using the Hardy-Littlewood maximal theorem

Notation: $|A|$ is the Lebesgue measure of $A \subset \mathbb{R}^d$, and $A_\delta = \{ x : \text{dist}(x,A) \leq \delta \}$ is the $\delta$-neighborhood of $A$. I want to show that there is a ...
0answers
88 views

Intuition for Calderon-Zygmund operator?

What is the best intuition for Calderon-Zygmund operators? Why are they so important in singular integrals, and complementary, which singular integrals don't they cover?
1answer
427 views

What are the differences and relations of Haar integrals, Lebesgue integrals, Riemann integrals?

Are Riemann integrals special cases of Haar integrals? Why do we need the invariant property under some actions of groups in the definition of Haar integrals? For example, if we have a group of real ...
3answers
428 views

learning algebra and harmonic analysis

I've revised my question a bit in response to the (very helpful) advice so far-- I have an engineering background but am interested in learning abstract harmonic analysis. My interest is rather ...
2answers
195 views

Operators commuting with translations

Let $T$ be a bounded linear operator on $L^2(\mathbb R)$. So, let us now assume that $T$ commutes with the translations $\tau_x$. How do I now show that $T$ is given by a convolution with respect to a ...
3answers
266 views

Derivatives distribution

Let $f$ be a distribution on $\mathbf{R}^n$ (in the Schwartz sense) such that $$\frac{\partial f}{\partial x_i} = 0 \text{ for $i = 1, \ldots, n$.}$$ Then how to prove that $f$ is a constant? I had ...
1answer
273 views

Fourier transform of a special Schwartz function

In Classical Fourier Analysis by Loukas Grafakos we have in Proposition 2.3.25 the following definition for $\mathcal{S}_\infty(\mathbf{R}^n)$, namely that these are all the Schwartz functions $\phi$ ...
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