# Tagged Questions

Covers the study of (mostly homogeneous) macroscopic systems from a heat/energy/entropy point of view. Maybe combine with [tag:statistical-mechanics].

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0answers
26 views

### Lattice model completely constrained by boundary data

I am dealing with a lattice model that has the peculiar property that if I specify all the spins on the boundary, by local conservation laws, the whole lattice configuration (throughout the whole ...
1answer
70 views

### Does brown but transparent swimming pool water heat significantly faster than western style highly chlorinated pools?

Eastern European swimming pools are often brown tinted water. i was told it was the color of the chemical to keep the pools clean, but who knows. These pools did not smell unsanitary and may have even ...
1answer
44 views

### How does an earthen pot keep water cool?

I understand that evaporative cooling takes place thanks to small pores contained in the pot and that allow some water to go through and evaporate. However I couldn't understand clearly whether water ...
0answers
43 views

### Air pressure in balloon

I have to calculate the air pressure inside of an hot air balloon. After some searching I found out that I can use the ideal gas law: PV = nRT (from Wikipedia) So to get the pressure in the balloon I ...
1answer
80 views

### Is it possible (theoretically) to divide Black Hole into two parts? [duplicate]

I have read that it's not possible.
1answer
35 views

### What's the criteria for black hole thermodynamically stability? (And dynamical?)

It looks like usual criteria (positivity of Hessian; what geometrically means a cancave of entropy) is no useful, becouse entropy is not additive and not extensive for black hole. Then what is the ...
0answers
39 views

### What is the physical meaning of fact, that Reissner-Nordstrom black hole is thermodynamically unstable?

It is known, that Reissner-Nordstrom black hole is thermodynamically unstable [1]. Does it mean, that there is no Reissner-Nordstrom black hole in physical world? Does it mean, that there may be ...
3answers
161 views

### Definition of entropy

In physics, the word entropy has important physical implications as the amount of "disorder" of a system. In mathematics, a more abstract definition is used. The (Shannon) entropy of a variable $X$ is ...
0answers
19 views

### Can one get clear ice crystals from a dirty suspension?

Euteictic freeze crystallization is a method where an electrolytic solution is cooled and separated into a stream of (relativly) clean, pure ice and a salty brine. I know anectdotally of wine ...
0answers
70 views

### Mechanical Equivalent of Heat

Recently I have been looking up James Joule's experiment regarding the mechanical equivalent of heat. After viewing some drawings of the apparatus, I assumed that the lines holding the weights would ...
1answer
45 views

### Thermodynamics, PV diagrams?

My teacher told me that the total amount of work done on or by a gas can be represented by the area enclosed in the process in a PV diagram. This is only valid for non isothermic processes, right?
2answers
158 views

### First law of thermodynamics?

The first law says that the change in internal energy is equal to the work done on the system (W) minus the work done by the system (Q). However, can $Q$ be any kind of work, such as mechanical work? ...
0answers
47 views

### Is there axiom of entropy's additivity in thermodynamics? [closed]

I would be glad for some links on books.
0answers
20 views

### Total massflow through heat exchanger

I am working on a project and I stumbled on a problem. The project is to design a heat pump to replace the old system (actual problem, not some homework problem). There are 100 or so induction units ...
0answers
30 views

### How connected thermodynamical stability and dynamical stability for black holes?

Criteria for thermodynamical stability is the convex of entropy. But for black hole entropy is non-additive.
4answers
84 views

### The Preference for Low Energy States

The idea that systems will achieve the lowest energy state they can because they are more "stable" is clear enough. My question is, what causes this tendency? I've researched the question and been ...
2answers
31 views

### Gas Circulation Using Pressure Difference

Dear all, see attached picture Please, is it possible to have the gas recirculated from the gas phase to the liquid as described in the diagram assuming the gas is not soluble in the water. These ...
0answers
50 views

### Explain to me how this water cooler works?

Goodday all, I was recently reading up on a few projects that might be of interest to me when I found "CPU Bong water coolers", there isn't much online on them so I figure I would ask y'all. If you ...
0answers
13 views

### What is the effect of an increase in pressure on latent heat of vaporization?

What is latent heat of vaporization ($L_v$) in the first place? Wikipedia seems to indicate that it is the energy used in overcoming intermolecular interactions, without taking into account at all any ...
1answer
67 views

### Error in Sear's and Zemansky's University Physics with Modern Physics 13th Edition (Young and Freeman)?

I was reading up on the Ideal Gas Equation in University Physics with Modern Physics by Young and Freeman when I chanced upon a seemingly illogical mathematical equation. Can anyone rectify this ...
3answers
69 views

### How do you determine the heat transfer from a P-V diagram?

I doubt this question has been addressed properly before, but if there are similar answers, do direct them to me. I am currently studying the First Law of Thermodynamics, which includes the p-V ...
0answers
19 views

### Heat transfer in fluid between two horizontal plates vs unconfined case

I often see the correlation for turbulent heat transfer between liquid cells published by Globe and Dropkin (1959). In the original paper the fluid was confined between two horizontal plates and ...
1answer
679 views

### Beginner Thermal Dynamics Question [closed]

A syringe is set up filled with air (mainly N2 and O2) as shown in the diagram below. The surface area of the syringe is 15.3 cm2. The initial pressure inside the syringe is Pi = 114 kPa and the ...
1answer
52 views

### How can I understand a Vortex Tube and its efficiency?

A Vortex Tube takes a pressurized input stream, most typically of a gas, and creates two output streams with a temperature differential. Apparently, it has been described as a Maxwell's Demon. Both ...
1answer
58 views

### Why does compressing a piston increase the internal energy?

When we compress a piston, its total internal energy increases, however I don't understand why. As the piston compresses, the temperature should change, as the total energy density increases. As a ...
1answer
42 views

### Michaelis-Menten derivation for 2 enzyme substrates

We know that the Michaelis-Menten derivation for the following reaction: $E + S \rightleftharpoons ES \rightarrow E + P$ However, what if the reaction took place in a different scenario whereby: \$E ...
1answer
95 views

### Mathematical proof of non-negative change of entropy $\Delta S\geq0$

I understand that we can prove that for any process that occurs in an isolated and closed system it must hold that $$\Delta S\geq0$$ via Clausius' theorem. My question is, how can I prove this in a ...
0answers
48 views

### Calculate how hot PLA will become

I am trying to attach the shaft of a brass heating tip to a PLA component. My problem is that the tip will have to reach a temperature of about 200°C and the PLA can only handle a temperature of about ...
2answers
74 views

### Does it make a sense to speak about age of electron or atom?

It's possible that this question is too soft or even quite senseless for this forum, but I will ask nevertheless. Everyday (macroscopic) things, like a grandfather's pendulum clock or the grandfather ...
6answers
2k views

### How do whisky stones keep your drink cold?

From a discussion in the DMZ (security stack exchange's chat room - a place where food and drink are important topics) we began to question the difference between how ice and whisky stones work to ...
0answers
27 views

### Calculating the change in entropy in a melting process

I have a homework question that I'm completely stumped on and need help solving it. I have a $50\, \mathrm{g}$ ice cube at $-15\, \mathrm{C}$ that is in a container of $200\, \mathrm{g}$ of water at ...
1answer
79 views

### Is there a relativity-compatible thermodynamics?

I am just wondering that laws in thermodynamics are not Lorentz invariant, it only involves the $T^{00}$ component. Tolman gave a formalism in his book. For example, the first law is replaced by the ...
1answer
44 views

### Calculating the coefficient of thermal expansion in liquid

I am trying to write a matlab function that calculates the coefficient of thermal expansion of water from a given temperature. From what I understand the thermal expansion coefficient is calculated as ...
0answers
42 views

### What defines the adiabatic flame temperature?

In a case, I have to solve, I need to describe the combustion of natural gas (Groningen natural gas to be more specific). However I am having some problems understanding the adiabatic flame ...
0answers
39 views

### Lambda transition data points of $\require{mhchem}\ce{^4He}$

I'm looking to get some data on the lambda transition of $\require{mhchem}\ce{^4He}$. I need the data points of the specific heat vs. temperature graph, if that makes sense.
0answers
23 views

### Finding rms velocity in isothermal process [closed]

I think none of these options are correct, I just need someone to confirm. Please, as no option is matching with $V_{rms}$.
1answer
41 views

### If a balloon is continuously filled with air and stays at a constant shape and size will there be any empty space in the balloon?

If a container like a balloon but with constant volume is filled, is it possible to pack air molecules so closely together that they don't have any empty space between them? If so, what would this ...
1answer
36 views

### What is the work done by an ideal gas?

What is the work done by an ideal gas when final pressure and volume are both different from its initial pressure and volume or when both pressure and volume changes ?
1answer
44 views

### Heisenberg's uncertainty and $0 K$ temperature

when a body is subjected to $0 K$ temperature, it becomes rigid. hence if we see in terms of quantum the lattice vibration decreases, resulting in no change in the direction of the Random velocity, ...
1answer
38 views

### How do I calculate the heat lost or gained by surroundings? [closed]

How do I calculate the heat lost or gained by surroundings (Q surr) given mass ($m$), change in temp ($\Delta T$), and specific heat ($c$)? What equation would I use? How can I tell whether it's lost ...
0answers
51 views

### When do we have $p = -\frac{\partial F}{\partial V}$? [closed]

In what context can we say that : $$p = -\frac{\partial F}{\partial V}$$ ?
0answers
30 views

### Negative temperature [duplicate]

How can we prove that if a negative-temperature system is in contact with a positive-temperature system, then the heat flow from the first to the second (and finally, the temperature of the second ...
1answer
72 views

### The effects of heat on gravitational fields

In boiling soapy water, globs of soap coalesce as the temperature increases to boiling. Does this mean that temperature increases the gravitational pull of bodies?
1answer
64 views

### Finding equation of state from thermal expansion coefficient and isothermal compressibility

I'm stuck on a problem that I found in a book (Modern Thermodynamic with Statistical Mechanics, Helrich S., problem 5.2). The text of the problem is that: Consider a solid material for which: ...
2answers
43 views

### How is it possible to equate the internal energy at constant volume with the internal energy of an adiabatic process?

I hope my question makes sense. My problem is that, I have read through numerous textbooks that nC(cons. volume)dT = -PdV when deriving the relationship between T and V for an adiabatic process, ...
3answers
130 views

### Integrating factor $1/T$ in 2nd Law of Thermodynamics

How would you prove that $1/T$ is the most suitable integrating factor to transform $\delta Q$ to an exact differential in the second law of thermodynamics: $$dS = \frac{\delta Q}{T}$$ Where $dS$ is ...
3answers
211 views

### The notion of an adiabatic process in thermodynamics -vs- quantum mechanics

I'm confused about the terminology in the two contexts since I can't figure out if they have a similar motivation. Afaik, the definitions state that quantum processes should be very slow to be called ...
1answer
48 views

### Time constant of ice melt

I'm familiar with problems of "how much ice can you melt given some amount of energy", but I'm writing to get some clarification on the time constant of this event. This question might be somewhat ...
0answers
53 views

### Newton's cooling law

I want to know few things regarding the practical of Newton's cooling law. 1). What are the other possible ways of making external conditions constant except using two calorimeters one within one? ...
1answer
62 views

### Why does Hydrogen molar heat capacity reach 7/2 R?

If a diatomic gas like Hydrogen has 6 maximum degrees of freedom why its molar heat capacity reaches at high temperatures $C_V = \frac{7}{2} R$ and not $C_V = \frac{6}{2} R= 3R$? molar heat capacity ...
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