# Tagged Questions

The operators tag has no wiki summary.

2answers
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### Quantum Mechanical Operators in the argument of an exponential

In Quantum Optics and Quantum Mechanics, the time evolution operator $$U(t,t_i) = \exp\left[\frac{-i}{\hbar}H(t-t_i)\right]$$ is used quite a lot. Suppose $t_i =0$ for simplicity, and say the ...
0answers
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### Schrodinger equation in momentum space [duplicate]

I have a problem this is: When I solve the Schrodinger equation in momentum space, I had done as this: \$\begin{array}{l} i\hbar \frac{{\partial \Psi }}{{\partial t}} = - \frac{\hbar ...
0answers
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### Prove that the position operator is $\hat{x} = i\hbar \frac{d}{{dp}}$ in the momentum representation [closed]

Proof that: $x = i\hbar \frac{d}{{dp}}$ I did this, could you tell me if I am false or true \$\begin{array}{l} x{e^{\frac{{ipx}}{\hbar }}} = - i\hbar \frac{{d{e^{\frac{{ipx}}{\hbar }}}}}{{dp}} = ...
1answer
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### Proof $\left[ {\hat H,{{\hat p}_i}} \right] = - \frac{\hbar }{i}\frac{{\partial \hat H}}{{\partial {{\hat q}_i}}}$ [closed]

I have a problem with the Hamiltonian, I don't think anything to solve it!! So could you give me some hints! Knowing that: \left[ {{{\hat p}_i},{{\hat q}_k}} \right] = \frac{\hbar }{i}{\delta ...
1answer
84 views

### Some Dirac notation explanations

Equation for an expectation value $\langle x \rangle$ is known to me: \begin{align} \langle x \rangle = \int\limits_{-\infty}^{\infty} \overline{\psi}x\psi\, d x \end{align} By the definition we ...
2answers
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### How do we know that $\psi$ is the eigenfunction of an operator $\hat{H}$ with eigenvalue $W$?

I am kind of new to this eigenvalue, eigenfunction and operator things, but I have come across this quote many times: $\psi$ is the eigenfunction of an operator $\hat{H}$ with eigenvalue $W$. ...
1answer
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### Statistical sum of physical quantities in a quantum system

Let $C = A + B$ (statistical sum, so $\mathbb{E}[C] = \mathbb{E}[A] + \mathbb{E}[B]$), and let $p(A = a) = 1$. Are the following true? $\mathbb{E}[C^2] = a^2 + 2a\mathbb{E}[B] + \mathbb{E}[B^2]$ ...
1answer
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### Energy eigenvalues of a Q.H.Oscillator with $[\hat{H},\hat{a}] = -\hbar \omega \hat{a}$ and $[\hat{H},\hat{a}^\dagger] = \hbar \omega \hat{a}^\dagger$

I just finished deriving the commutators: \begin{align} [\hat{H}, \hat{a}] &= -\hbar \omega \hat{a}\\ [\hat{H}, \hat{a}^\dagger] &= \hbar \omega \hat{a}^\dagger\\ \end{align} On the ...
0answers
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### A particlar normal ordering problem

Say we have an expression of the form: $$\left<0\right|:\phi(x)^2: : \phi(y)^2:\left|0\right>,$$ where $\phi$ is some scalar field. I have heard the claim several times, that in evaluating ...
2answers
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### Coherent State, Unitary Operators, Harmonic Oscillator

Consider the operator: $$O = e^{\theta(a^\dagger b - b^\dagger a)}$$ where $\theta$ is a constant. $O$ is a unitary operator. $a$, $a^\dagger$, $b$, and $b^\dagger$ are ladder operators for two ...
2answers
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### Proof for commutator relation $[\hat{H},\hat{a}] = - \hbar \omega \hat{a}$

I know how to derive below equations found on wikipedia and have done it myselt too: \begin{align} \hat{H} &= \hbar \omega \left(\hat{a}^\dagger\hat{a} + \frac{1}{2}\right)\\ \hat{H} &= ...
1answer
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### The matrix element of a normal-ordered operator

Eq (1.137) in Negele and Orland gives the following identity for a normal-ordered operator $A(a_i^\dagger,a_i)$: \langle \phi|A(a_i^\dagger,a_i)|\phi'\rangle=A(\phi_i^*,\phi'_i)e^{\sum ...
2answers
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### Translator Operator

In Modern Quantum Mechanics by Sakurai, at page 46 while deriving commutator of translator operator with position operator, he uses $$\left| x+dx\right\rangle \simeq \left| x \right\rangle.$$ But for ...
1answer
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### Phys.org Spectral geometry to unite relativity and quantum mechanics, restate in laymens terms?

Lingua Franca links relativity and quantum theories with spectral geometry Could someone give me a short synopsis of this article in laymens terms? What implications does this have in the physics ...
0answers
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### How to define the mirror symmetry operator for Kane-Mele model?

Let us take the famous Kane-Mele(KM) model(http://prl.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v95/i22/e226801 and http://prl.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v95/i14/e146802) as our starting point. Due to the time-reversal(TR), ...
1answer
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### Matrix representation for fermionic annihilation operator

My guess it should look something like this: \$ c_\sigma = ...
0answers
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### Time ordering and Fermions

Having time ordering operator for fermions, should it reverse sign if it swaps operators with opposite spin variable? In other words should $T[c_{t_1,\uparrow}c_{t_2,\downarrow}^\dagger]$ return ...
0answers
36 views

### QFT basics for Klein-Gordon fields

I am teaching myself QFT from Peskin for next years maths course and I have two questions: What is a c-number? Is it a complex number, and if so why does it mean, ...
2answers
106 views

### Quantum commutator

I'm given this commutator: $$\left[PXP,P\right]$$ Being $P\psi=-i\hbar\partial_x\psi$, and $X\psi=x\psi$ I've solved it in two ways, the first one is just aplying the commutator to some function ...
1answer
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### Hermitian Adjoint of differential operator

I came across this equation (identity) (Eq. 4 in this paper): $\int(-i d\psi/dx)^*\psi dx = \int \psi^*(-i d\psi/dx) dx + id(\psi^*\psi)/dx\mid_{-\infty}^{+\infty}$ I have trouble proving it. I ...
3answers
103 views

### Associating a Unitary operator to proper Lorentz transformations?

If one reads eg page 32 of Srednicki where he says: In quantum theory, symmetries are represented by unitary (or antiunitary) operators. This means that we associate a unitary operator U(Λ) ...
1answer
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### Quantum mechanical analogue of conjugate momentum

In classical mechanics, we define the concept of canonical momentum conjugate to a given generalised position coordinate. This quantity is the partial derivative of the Lagrangian of the system, with ...
1answer
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### Operators in quantum mechanics

According to the Quantum Mechanics, can we write $\langle q|p\rangle = e^{ipq}$? If so then how? And if we transfer to integrate formulation then how it will look like?
1answer
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### Physics Applications of Fredholm Theory:

I find Fredholm theory beautiful, especially the Liouville-Neumann series for solving Fredholm integral equations of the second kind. There seems to be a consensus that these equations are quite ...
0answers
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### Quantum graph theory: complex spectra

In quantum graph theory, what are the properties of a given graph to own complex conjugated complex eigenvalues, either finite or infinite? Spectral graph theory is as far as I know a not completely ...
1answer
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### Spectral properties of CFT

What are the general spectral properties of CFT? I mean what is the "spectrum"/eigenvalues of CFT in 2d and d>2 spacetime dimensions? I understand the "spectrum" and "Fock space" realization of Dirac ...
1answer
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### The issue on existence of inverse operations of $a$ and $a^{\dagger}$

I have asked a question at math.stackexchange that have a physical meaning. My assumption: Suppose $a$ and $a^\dagger$ is Hermitian adjoint operators and $[a,a^\dagger]=1$. I want to prove that ...
3answers
313 views

### How to tackle 'dot' product for spin matrices

I read a textbook today on quantum mechanics regarding the Pauli spin matrices for two particles, it gives the Hamiltonian as  H = \alpha[\sigma_z^1 + \sigma_z^2] + ...
5answers
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### Math of eigenvalue problem in quantum mechanics

I learned the eigenvalue problem in linear algebra before and I just find that the quantum mechanics happen to associate the Schrodinger equation with the eigenvalue problem. In linear algebra, we ...
1answer
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### Notational techniques for dealing with creation operators on Fock space

This question is trying to see if anyone has some simple notation (or tricks) for dealing with operators acting on coherent states in a Fock space. I use bosons for concreteness; what I'm interested ...
1answer
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### Show that for QM operator A: $\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}\psi A^{\dagger}A\psi dx = \int_{-\infty}^{\infty}(A\psi)^*(A\psi)dx$

I need to show for $$A = \frac{d}{dx} + \tanh x, \qquad A^{\dagger} = - \frac{d}{dx} + \tanh x,$$ that \int_{-\infty}^{\infty}\psi^* A^{\dagger}A\psi dx = ...
1answer
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### Coordinate representation of quantum ladder operator?

I can't seem to figure out how to derive the coordinate representation of the $a_+$ ladder operator in quantum mechanics. I know that $a_-$ is $\sqrt{\frac{1}{2mwh}} (mwx + i\dot{p})$ in which where ...
1answer
132 views

### String theory - OPE and primary operators

First, a disclaimer: I am new to Physics SE, and I am primarily a mathematician, not a physicist. I apologise in advance for the possibly poor quality of the question, any and thank you for your ...
3answers
196 views

### Why is this identity an if, rather than if and only if?

A recent question (Product of exponential of operators) asked who to proved that the exponentials of operators multiply in same manner as those of scalars if and only if the commutator of the ...
0answers
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### Explicit evaluation of a radially ordered product

I am trying to understand the application of the operator product expansion to calculate the radially ordered product in the complex plain of $T_{zz}(z)\partial_w X^{\rho}(w)$ which should result in ...
2answers
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### Deriving a QM expectation value for a square of momentum $\langle p^2 \rangle$

I alredy derived a QM expectation value for ordinary momentum which is: $$\langle p \rangle= \int\limits_{-\infty}^{\infty} \overline{\Psi} \left(- i\hbar\frac{d}{dx}\right) \Psi \, d x$$ And i ...
4answers
374 views

### Product of exponential of operators

in the context of non-relativistic quantum mechanics I want to show that, for any $A$ and $B$ operators $$e^{A}e^{B}=e^{A+B}$$ if and only if $$[A,B]=0$$ I remember my professor told use about ...
4answers
132 views

### How to prove that the symmetrisation Operator is hermitian?

Let $\mathcal{H}_N$ be the $N$ particle Hilbert space. So a quantum state $\left| \Psi \right>$ may be representated by \left| \Psi \right> = \left| k_1 \right>^{(1)}\left| k_2 ...
3answers
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### Operators explaination and momentum operator in QM

I know and understand why equation below holds. But i am new to operator thing in QM and would need some explaination on this. \langle x \rangle = \int\limits_{-\infty}^\infty |\Psi|^2 x \, ...
2answers
161 views

### Weyl Ordering Rule

While studying Path Integrals in Quantum Mechanics I have found that [Srednicki: Eqn. no. 6.6] the quantum Hamiltonian $\hat{H}(\hat{P},\hat{Q})$ can be given in terms of the classical Hamiltonian ...
4answers
266 views

### Is the momentum operator diagonal in position representation?

The matrix elements of the momentum operator in position representation are: $$\langle x | \hat{p} | x' \rangle = -i \hbar \frac{\partial \delta(x-x')}{\partial x}$$ Does this imply that \$\langle x ...
1answer
48 views

### Question about the linearity of wave functions

For piece-wise constant potential, the potential energy is constant so the time dependent wave function can take the form $\psi(x,t)=C_1e^{i(kx- \omega t)}+C_2e^{i(-kx-\omega t)}$ where ...
1answer
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### Klein-Gordon Canonical Commutation Relation (CCR)

In the complex Klein-Gordon field we regard as dynamical variables the field $\phi$, the complex conjugate of the field $\phi^*$, and the momenta $\pi$, $\pi^*$. I can't see how should arise the ...
1answer
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### commutation of operator product expansion

In CFT, when we have an OPE: $$O_1(z)O_2(w)=\frac{O_2(w)}{(z-w)^2}+\frac{\partial O_2(w)}{(z-w)}+...$$ this holds inside a time-ordered correlation function, so $O_1(z)O_2(w)=O_2(w)O_1(z)$. Does it ...
1answer
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### Can I prove boundedness of an operator without checking it for its whole domain?

(I don't have a direct reference so this is a little fishy and I'll delete it if nobody recognises what I'm talking about, but I though for starters I'll ask anyway) I've heard at university that if ...
0answers
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### Why there is no operator for time in QM? [duplicate]

Is there one central reason why there is no "Time" operator in QM? I know this question has been asked before, but I thought I would try to stimulate some fresh thinking.
2answers
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### Derivatives of operators

How do derivatives of operators work? Do they act on the terms in the derivative or do they just get "added to the tail"? Is there a conceptual way to understand this? For example: say you had the ...
1answer
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### Evaluate Commutator with Partial Derivatives

I need to evaluate the following commutator... $[x(\frac{\partial}{\partial y})-y(\frac{\partial}{\partial x}),y(\frac{\partial}{\partial z})-z(\frac{\partial}{\partial y})]$ i tried applying an ...
2answers
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### Sum of two density matrices: $\rho=p_1\rho_1+p_2\rho_2$

Suppose we have $$\rho=p_1\rho_1+p_2\rho_2$$ Where $\rho_1$ and $\rho_2$ are density matrices with $p_1+p_2=1$ I'm trying to show this is also a density matrix If we let \rho_1=\sum_i^n ...
1answer
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### Once I have the eigenvalues and the eigenvectors, how do I find the eigenfunctions?

I am using Mathematica to construct a matrix for the Hamiltonian of some system. I have built this matrix already, and I have found the eigenvalues and the eigenvectors, I am uncertain if what I did ...
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