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Show benchmarks

PyArrow==8.0.0

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.005864 / 0.011353 (-0.005489) | 0.003535 / 0.011008 (-0.007474) | 0.080732 / 0.038508 (0.042224) | 0.057072 / 0.023109 (0.033963) | 0.334342 / 0.275898 (0.058444) | 0.361345 / 0.323480 (0.037865) | 0.003290 / 0.007986 (-0.004696) | 0.003794 / 0.004328 (-0.000534) | 0.063414 / 0.004250 (0.059163) | 0.046901 / 0.037052 (0.009848) | 0.335973 / 0.258489 (0.077484) | 0.377929 / 0.293841 (0.084088) | 0.027199 / 0.128546 (-0.101348) | 0.008049 / 0.075646 (-0.067597) | 0.261810 / 0.419271 (-0.157462) | 0.044669 / 0.043533 (0.001136) | 0.333600 / 0.255139 (0.078461) | 0.356362 / 0.283200 (0.073162) | 0.020325 / 0.141683 (-0.121358) | 1.458138 / 1.452155 (0.005984) | 1.505923 / 1.492716 (0.013207) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.216456 / 0.018006 (0.198450) | 0.421750 / 0.000490 (0.421261) | 0.007359 / 0.000200 (0.007159) | 0.000246 / 0.000054 (0.000191) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.023400 / 0.037411 (-0.014012) | 0.073363 / 0.014526 (0.058838) | 0.083533 / 0.176557 (-0.093023) | 0.144045 / 0.737135 (-0.593090) | 0.084050 / 0.296338 (-0.212288) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.398354 / 0.215209 (0.183145) | 3.982875 / 2.077655 (1.905220) | 2.047299 / 1.504120 (0.543180) | 1.873780 / 1.541195 (0.332585) | 1.977044 / 1.468490 (0.508554) | 0.497038 / 4.584777 (-4.087739) | 3.039743 / 3.745712 (-0.705969) | 2.832885 / 5.269862 (-2.436977) | 1.827300 / 4.565676 (-2.738377) | 0.057503 / 0.424275 (-0.366772) | 0.006272 / 0.007607 (-0.001335) | 0.468681 / 0.226044 (0.242637) | 4.696551 / 2.268929 (2.427622) | 2.413805 / 55.444624 (-53.030819) | 2.157199 / 6.876477 (-4.719278) | 2.345986 / 2.142072 (0.203914) | 0.584632 / 4.805227 (-4.220595) | 0.124684 / 6.500664 (-6.375980) | 0.060090 / 0.075469 (-0.015379) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.293551 / 1.841788 (-0.548236) | 17.198292 / 8.074308 (9.123984) | 13.677910 / 10.191392 (3.486518) | 0.146633 / 0.680424 (-0.533791) | 0.016711 / 0.534201 (-0.517490) | 0.331644 / 0.579283 (-0.247639) | 0.360148 / 0.434364 (-0.074215) | 0.381194 / 0.540337 (-0.159143) | 0.537952 / 1.386936 (-0.848984) |

PyArrow==latest

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.006020 / 0.011353 (-0.005333) | 0.003557 / 0.011008 (-0.007451) | 0.061926 / 0.038508 (0.023418) | 0.056246 / 0.023109 (0.033137) | 0.446679 / 0.275898 (0.170781) | 0.479843 / 0.323480 (0.156363) | 0.004656 / 0.007986 (-0.003330) | 0.002823 / 0.004328 (-0.001505) | 0.061366 / 0.004250 (0.057115) | 0.045793 / 0.037052 (0.008740) | 0.460807 / 0.258489 (0.202318) | 0.485467 / 0.293841 (0.191626) | 0.028555 / 0.128546 (-0.099991) | 0.007973 / 0.075646 (-0.067674) | 0.068305 / 0.419271 (-0.350966) | 0.040844 / 0.043533 (-0.002689) | 0.463715 / 0.255139 (0.208576) | 0.474553 / 0.283200 (0.191354) | 0.019959 / 0.141683 (-0.121723) | 1.432527 / 1.452155 (-0.019628) | 1.485410 / 1.492716 (-0.007307) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.205555 / 0.018006 (0.187549) | 0.408271 / 0.000490 (0.407781) | 0.004325 / 0.000200 (0.004125) | 0.000076 / 0.000054 (0.000022) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.026338 / 0.037411 (-0.011074) | 0.080534 / 0.014526 (0.066008) | 0.093935 / 0.176557 (-0.082622) | 0.146446 / 0.737135 (-0.590689) | 0.092890 / 0.296338 (-0.203448) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.463879 / 0.215209 (0.248670) | 4.646411 / 2.077655 (2.568756) | 2.567320 / 1.504120 (1.063200) | 2.384376 / 1.541195 (0.843181) | 2.412738 / 1.468490 (0.944248) | 0.510240 / 4.584777 (-4.074537) | 3.094988 / 3.745712 (-0.650724) | 2.837700 / 5.269862 (-2.432161) | 1.850163 / 4.565676 (-2.715513) | 0.059320 / 0.424275 (-0.364955) | 0.006330 / 0.007607 (-0.001277) | 0.537770 / 0.226044 (0.311726) | 5.385556 / 2.268929 (3.116627) | 3.036088 / 55.444624 (-52.408536) | 2.650464 / 6.876477 (-4.226013) | 2.755676 / 2.142072 (0.613603) | 0.607353 / 4.805227 (-4.197875) | 0.124589 / 6.500664 (-6.376075) | 0.060778 / 0.075469 (-0.014691) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.343243 / 1.841788 (-0.498545) | 17.630281 / 8.074308 (9.555973) | 14.401219 / 10.191392 (4.209827) | 0.143252 / 0.680424 (-0.537172) | 0.017880 / 0.534201 (-0.516321) | 0.337391 / 0.579283 (-0.241892) | 0.373531 / 0.434364 (-0.060833) | 0.398408 / 0.540337 (-0.141929) | 0.558925 / 1.386936 (-0.828011) |

![](https://cml.dev/watermark.png#a8f511638b486b9f83b17fd69a505fe606ad257b "CML watermark")

Show benchmarks

PyArrow==8.0.0

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.006552 / 0.011353 (-0.004801) | 0.003853 / 0.011008 (-0.007155) | 0.077673 / 0.038508 (0.039165) | 0.066043 / 0.023109 (0.042934) | 0.289858 / 0.275898 (0.013960) | 0.299009 / 0.323480 (-0.024471) | 0.004806 / 0.007986 (-0.003179) | 0.003517 / 0.004328 (-0.000811) | 0.058227 / 0.004250 (0.053977) | 0.052134 / 0.037052 (0.015082) | 0.328800 / 0.258489 (0.070311) | 0.317616 / 0.293841 (0.023776) | 0.028344 / 0.128546 (-0.100202) | 0.007853 / 0.075646 (-0.067794) | 0.291207 / 0.419271 (-0.128065) | 0.052977 / 0.043533 (0.009444) | 0.287548 / 0.255139 (0.032409) | 0.307647 / 0.283200 (0.024448) | 0.023899 / 0.141683 (-0.117784) | 1.382267 / 1.452155 (-0.069888) | 1.589915 / 1.492716 (0.097199) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.246244 / 0.018006 (0.228238) | 0.478255 / 0.000490 (0.477766) | 0.014115 / 0.000200 (0.013915) | 0.000305 / 0.000054 (0.000250) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.027033 / 0.037411 (-0.010378) | 0.073988 / 0.014526 (0.059462) | 0.088337 / 0.176557 (-0.088219) | 0.144067 / 0.737135 (-0.593069) | 0.091295 / 0.296338 (-0.205043) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.365904 / 0.215209 (0.150695) | 3.537330 / 2.077655 (1.459675) | 1.678341 / 1.504120 (0.174221) | 1.530297 / 1.541195 (-0.010898) | 1.605634 / 1.468490 (0.137144) | 0.437461 / 4.584777 (-4.147316) | 3.419040 / 3.745712 (-0.326672) | 3.203549 / 5.269862 (-2.066312) | 1.913214 / 4.565676 (-2.652463) | 0.052675 / 0.424275 (-0.371600) | 0.006681 / 0.007607 (-0.000926) | 0.429269 / 0.226044 (0.203225) | 4.214051 / 2.268929 (1.945122) | 2.217928 / 55.444624 (-53.226696) | 1.842679 / 6.876477 (-5.033798) | 1.867961 / 2.142072 (-0.274111) | 0.550566 / 4.805227 (-4.254661) | 0.118015 / 6.500664 (-6.382649) | 0.054749 / 0.075469 (-0.020720) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.170547 / 1.841788 (-0.671241) | 18.410567 / 8.074308 (10.336259) | 12.729992 / 10.191392 (2.538600) | 0.160426 / 0.680424 (-0.519998) | 0.021259 / 0.534201 (-0.512942) | 0.369573 / 0.579283 (-0.209710) | 0.440350 / 0.434364 (0.005986) | 0.443755 / 0.540337 (-0.096582) | 0.645614 / 1.386936 (-0.741322) |

PyArrow==latest

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.005913 / 0.011353 (-0.005440) | 0.003542 / 0.011008 (-0.007466) | 0.057621 / 0.038508 (0.019113) | 0.065822 / 0.023109 (0.042713) | 0.390847 / 0.275898 (0.114949) | 0.393127 / 0.323480 (0.069647) | 0.005040 / 0.007986 (-0.002945) | 0.002944 / 0.004328 (-0.001384) | 0.069058 / 0.004250 (0.064808) | 0.051594 / 0.037052 (0.014542) | 0.383745 / 0.258489 (0.125256) | 0.414372 / 0.293841 (0.120531) | 0.030038 / 0.128546 (-0.098508) | 0.008109 / 0.075646 (-0.067538) | 0.065444 / 0.419271 (-0.353828) | 0.045974 / 0.043533 (0.002441) | 0.401695 / 0.255139 (0.146556) | 0.417834 / 0.283200 (0.134635) | 0.020137 / 0.141683 (-0.121546) | 1.452130 / 1.452155 (-0.000025) | 1.455259 / 1.492716 (-0.037458) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.228262 / 0.018006 (0.210255) | 0.455155 / 0.000490 (0.454665) | 0.006667 / 0.000200 (0.006467) | 0.000207 / 0.000054 (0.000153) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.030159 / 0.037411 (-0.007252) | 0.098478 / 0.014526 (0.083952) | 0.101409 / 0.176557 (-0.075147) | 0.148689 / 0.737135 (-0.588446) | 0.103067 / 0.296338 (-0.193272) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.444095 / 0.215209 (0.228886) | 3.991588 / 2.077655 (1.913934) | 2.147845 / 1.504120 (0.643725) | 2.007871 / 1.541195 (0.466676) | 2.042074 / 1.468490 (0.573584) | 0.451592 / 4.584777 (-4.133185) | 3.439400 / 3.745712 (-0.306312) | 3.107756 / 5.269862 (-2.162106) | 1.909785 / 4.565676 (-2.655891) | 0.051718 / 0.424275 (-0.372558) | 0.006597 / 0.007607 (-0.001010) | 0.480822 / 0.226044 (0.254777) | 4.913235 / 2.268929 (2.644307) | 2.631882 / 55.444624 (-52.812742) | 2.397209 / 6.876477 (-4.479267) | 2.487191 / 2.142072 (0.345119) | 0.566321 / 4.805227 (-4.238906) | 0.121741 / 6.500664 (-6.378924) | 0.053399 / 0.075469 (-0.022070) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.256599 / 1.841788 (-0.585189) | 18.891127 / 8.074308 (10.816819) | 13.219662 / 10.191392 (3.028270) | 0.154570 / 0.680424 (-0.525854) | 0.022599 / 0.534201 (-0.511602) | 0.361998 / 0.579283 (-0.217286) | 0.413287 / 0.434364 (-0.021077) | 0.464867 / 0.540337 (-0.075470) | 0.638880 / 1.386936 (-0.748056) |

![](https://cml.dev/watermark.png#869e6bc775cf4dff1b92834426e1a286b104432b "CML watermark")

Show benchmarks

PyArrow==8.0.0

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.010625 / 0.011353 (-0.000728) | 0.005129 / 0.011008 (-0.005879) | 0.119975 / 0.038508 (0.081467) | 0.100128 / 0.023109 (0.077019) | 0.448678 / 0.275898 (0.172780) | 0.533150 / 0.323480 (0.209670) | 0.005881 / 0.007986 (-0.002105) | 0.007451 / 0.004328 (0.003123) | 0.090792 / 0.004250 (0.086542) | 0.073416 / 0.037052 (0.036363) | 0.455395 / 0.258489 (0.196906) | 0.497572 / 0.293841 (0.203731) | 0.053112 / 0.128546 (-0.075434) | 0.014619 / 0.075646 (-0.061027) | 0.388023 / 0.419271 (-0.031248) | 0.074004 / 0.043533 (0.030471) | 0.435319 / 0.255139 (0.180180) | 0.465985 / 0.283200 (0.182785) | 0.046991 / 0.141683 (-0.094692) | 1.895717 / 1.452155 (0.443563) | 2.086600 / 1.492716 (0.593884) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.334412 / 0.018006 (0.316406) | 0.645510 / 0.000490 (0.645020) | 0.019175 / 0.000200 (0.018975) | 0.000429 / 0.000054 (0.000374) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.034385 / 0.037411 (-0.003026) | 0.108939 / 0.014526 (0.094413) | 0.125937 / 0.176557 (-0.050619) | 0.205643 / 0.737135 (-0.531493) | 0.127662 / 0.296338 (-0.168676) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.674093 / 0.215209 (0.458884) | 6.646554 / 2.077655 (4.568900) | 2.837698 / 1.504120 (1.333578) | 2.397199 / 1.541195 (0.856004) | 2.485856 / 1.468490 (1.017366) | 0.955142 / 4.584777 (-3.629635) | 5.667462 / 3.745712 (1.921750) | 5.354129 / 5.269862 (0.084268) | 3.301609 / 4.565676 (-1.264068) | 0.106051 / 0.424275 (-0.318224) | 0.009287 / 0.007607 (0.001680) | 0.766678 / 0.226044 (0.540634) | 7.786701 / 2.268929 (5.517772) | 3.665463 / 55.444624 (-51.779161) | 2.982912 / 6.876477 (-3.893564) | 3.053363 / 2.142072 (0.911290) | 1.141090 / 4.805227 (-3.664137) | 0.223975 / 6.500664 (-6.276689) | 0.093024 / 0.075469 (0.017555) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.728175 / 1.841788 (-0.113613) | 25.640134 / 8.074308 (17.565826) | 22.124769 / 10.191392 (11.933377) | 0.237489 / 0.680424 (-0.442935) | 0.030353 / 0.534201 (-0.503848) | 0.509371 / 0.579283 (-0.069913) | 0.642320 / 0.434364 (0.207956) | 0.576889 / 0.540337 (0.036552) | 0.899377 / 1.386936 (-0.487559) |

PyArrow==latest

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.010846 / 0.011353 (-0.000507) | 0.005876 / 0.011008 (-0.005132) | 0.090810 / 0.038508 (0.052302) | 0.106651 / 0.023109 (0.083542) | 0.551064 / 0.275898 (0.275166) | 0.608328 / 0.323480 (0.284848) | 0.007563 / 0.007986 (-0.000423) | 0.004595 / 0.004328 (0.000267) | 0.089125 / 0.004250 (0.084874) | 0.076577 / 0.037052 (0.039525) | 0.579970 / 0.258489 (0.321481) | 0.620214 / 0.293841 (0.326373) | 0.052577 / 0.128546 (-0.075970) | 0.013734 / 0.075646 (-0.061912) | 0.099825 / 0.419271 (-0.319447) | 0.068391 / 0.043533 (0.024858) | 0.564733 / 0.255139 (0.309594) | 0.593925 / 0.283200 (0.310726) | 0.037201 / 0.141683 (-0.104482) | 1.880969 / 1.452155 (0.428815) | 2.065094 / 1.492716 (0.572377) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.426148 / 0.018006 (0.408141) | 0.673935 / 0.000490 (0.673445) | 0.124190 / 0.000200 (0.123990) | 0.001219 / 0.000054 (0.001164) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.040280 / 0.037411 (0.002868) | 0.122042 / 0.014526 (0.107516) | 0.131333 / 0.176557 (-0.045223) | 0.203039 / 0.737135 (-0.534096) | 0.134851 / 0.296338 (-0.161487) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.684599 / 0.215209 (0.469390) | 6.727529 / 2.077655 (4.649874) | 3.255228 / 1.504120 (1.751108) | 2.925865 / 1.541195 (1.384670) | 2.978762 / 1.468490 (1.510272) | 0.931769 / 4.584777 (-3.653008) | 5.988956 / 3.745712 (2.243244) | 5.228049 / 5.269862 (-0.041812) | 3.341470 / 4.565676 (-1.224206) | 0.106737 / 0.424275 (-0.317539) | 0.009847 / 0.007607 (0.002240) | 0.813954 / 0.226044 (0.587909) | 8.137071 / 2.268929 (5.868143) | 4.140725 / 55.444624 (-51.303899) | 3.500579 / 6.876477 (-3.375898) | 3.623120 / 2.142072 (1.481047) | 1.096634 / 4.805227 (-3.708593) | 0.236938 / 6.500664 (-6.263726) | 0.083099 / 0.075469 (0.007630) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.856112 / 1.841788 (0.014324) | 26.531325 / 8.074308 (18.457017) | 24.435866 / 10.191392 (14.244474) | 0.264093 / 0.680424 (-0.416331) | 0.034872 / 0.534201 (-0.499329) | 0.520682 / 0.579283 (-0.058601) | 0.635010 / 0.434364 (0.200646) | 0.645451 / 0.540337 (0.105113) | 0.914616 / 1.386936 (-0.472320) |

![](https://cml.dev/watermark.png#d8c29b9416371283e8aaabee235a91b2f45a05ee "CML watermark")

Show benchmarks

PyArrow==8.0.0

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.005928 / 0.011353 (-0.005425) | 0.003633 / 0.011008 (-0.007375) | 0.079554 / 0.038508 (0.041046) | 0.057093 / 0.023109 (0.033984) | 0.311374 / 0.275898 (0.035476) | 0.343778 / 0.323480 (0.020298) | 0.004634 / 0.007986 (-0.003352) | 0.002886 / 0.004328 (-0.001443) | 0.061888 / 0.004250 (0.057637) | 0.045895 / 0.037052 (0.008843) | 0.316447 / 0.258489 (0.057958) | 0.358141 / 0.293841 (0.064300) | 0.027247 / 0.128546 (-0.101300) | 0.007947 / 0.075646 (-0.067699) | 0.259070 / 0.419271 (-0.160201) | 0.043802 / 0.043533 (0.000269) | 0.315453 / 0.255139 (0.060314) | 0.335282 / 0.283200 (0.052082) | 0.021096 / 0.141683 (-0.120587) | 1.443219 / 1.452155 (-0.008936) | 1.523140 / 1.492716 (0.030423) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.222957 / 0.018006 (0.204951) | 0.414611 / 0.000490 (0.414122) | 0.008354 / 0.000200 (0.008154) | 0.000249 / 0.000054 (0.000195) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.023880 / 0.037411 (-0.013532) | 0.074523 / 0.014526 (0.059997) | 0.084803 / 0.176557 (-0.091754) | 0.146701 / 0.737135 (-0.590435) | 0.084990 / 0.296338 (-0.211348) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.397736 / 0.215209 (0.182527) | 3.961740 / 2.077655 (1.884086) | 1.909014 / 1.504120 (0.404894) | 1.823026 / 1.541195 (0.281831) | 1.966235 / 1.468490 (0.497745) | 0.498056 / 4.584777 (-4.086721) | 3.041408 / 3.745712 (-0.704304) | 2.998010 / 5.269862 (-2.271852) | 1.887293 / 4.565676 (-2.678384) | 0.057096 / 0.424275 (-0.367179) | 0.006338 / 0.007607 (-0.001269) | 0.465166 / 0.226044 (0.239122) | 4.667710 / 2.268929 (2.398781) | 2.480798 / 55.444624 (-52.963826) | 2.270701 / 6.876477 (-4.605776) | 2.376470 / 2.142072 (0.234397) | 0.579873 / 4.805227 (-4.225355) | 0.125032 / 6.500664 (-6.375632) | 0.061057 / 0.075469 (-0.014412) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.229916 / 1.841788 (-0.611872) | 17.829628 / 8.074308 (9.755320) | 13.860184 / 10.191392 (3.668792) | 0.143507 / 0.680424 (-0.536917) | 0.016943 / 0.534201 (-0.517258) | 0.350106 / 0.579283 (-0.229178) | 0.364547 / 0.434364 (-0.069817) | 0.398889 / 0.540337 (-0.141448) | 0.557948 / 1.386936 (-0.828988) |

PyArrow==latest

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.006052 / 0.011353 (-0.005301) | 0.003636 / 0.011008 (-0.007372) | 0.062705 / 0.038508 (0.024197) | 0.057753 / 0.023109 (0.034644) | 0.453219 / 0.275898 (0.177321) | 0.485179 / 0.323480 (0.161699) | 0.004886 / 0.007986 (-0.003100) | 0.002838 / 0.004328 (-0.001490) | 0.062593 / 0.004250 (0.058343) | 0.047476 / 0.037052 (0.010423) | 0.454266 / 0.258489 (0.195777) | 0.487939 / 0.293841 (0.194098) | 0.028124 / 0.128546 (-0.100422) | 0.008000 / 0.075646 (-0.067647) | 0.068335 / 0.419271 (-0.350937) | 0.040491 / 0.043533 (-0.003042) | 0.457868 / 0.255139 (0.202729) | 0.476355 / 0.283200 (0.193155) | 0.019557 / 0.141683 (-0.122126) | 1.507111 / 1.452155 (0.054956) | 1.569720 / 1.492716 (0.077003) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.209205 / 0.018006 (0.191199) | 0.411782 / 0.000490 (0.411292) | 0.003544 / 0.000200 (0.003344) | 0.000072 / 0.000054 (0.000018) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.026569 / 0.037411 (-0.010842) | 0.081213 / 0.014526 (0.066687) | 0.090971 / 0.176557 (-0.085585) | 0.145287 / 0.737135 (-0.591849) | 0.091792 / 0.296338 (-0.204546) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.458329 / 0.215209 (0.243120) | 4.574463 / 2.077655 (2.496808) | 2.516693 / 1.504120 (1.012573) | 2.329463 / 1.541195 (0.788269) | 2.386704 / 1.468490 (0.918214) | 0.503526 / 4.584777 (-4.081251) | 3.113382 / 3.745712 (-0.632331) | 2.872538 / 5.269862 (-2.397323) | 1.865483 / 4.565676 (-2.700194) | 0.058292 / 0.424275 (-0.365983) | 0.006434 / 0.007607 (-0.001173) | 0.530804 / 0.226044 (0.304760) | 5.312666 / 2.268929 (3.043738) | 2.992569 / 55.444624 (-52.452055) | 2.611524 / 6.876477 (-4.264953) | 2.779569 / 2.142072 (0.637497) | 0.595200 / 4.805227 (-4.210028) | 0.123957 / 6.500664 (-6.376707) | 0.060601 / 0.075469 (-0.014868) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.345536 / 1.841788 (-0.496252) | 18.183827 / 8.074308 (10.109519) | 14.814084 / 10.191392 (4.622692) | 0.145305 / 0.680424 (-0.535119) | 0.018812 / 0.534201 (-0.515389) | 0.334793 / 0.579283 (-0.244490) | 0.375331 / 0.434364 (-0.059033) | 0.392499 / 0.540337 (-0.147839) | 0.563286 / 1.386936 (-0.823650) |

![](https://cml.dev/watermark.png#1e186f0b7fe851f1f474020f0d6b1dc35114f994 "CML watermark")

Show benchmarks

PyArrow==8.0.0

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.008922 / 0.011353 (-0.002431) | 0.005169 / 0.011008 (-0.005840) | 0.106275 / 0.038508 (0.067767) | 0.076446 / 0.023109 (0.053337) | 0.400207 / 0.275898 (0.124309) | 0.476262 / 0.323480 (0.152782) | 0.006032 / 0.007986 (-0.001954) | 0.004266 / 0.004328 (-0.000063) | 0.083518 / 0.004250 (0.079267) | 0.059644 / 0.037052 (0.022592) | 0.409094 / 0.258489 (0.150605) | 0.470400 / 0.293841 (0.176559) | 0.050161 / 0.128546 (-0.078385) | 0.013580 / 0.075646 (-0.062066) | 0.375047 / 0.419271 (-0.044224) | 0.068319 / 0.043533 (0.024786) | 0.433765 / 0.255139 (0.178626) | 0.449221 / 0.283200 (0.166021) | 0.037636 / 0.141683 (-0.104047) | 1.825855 / 1.452155 (0.373700) | 1.889665 / 1.492716 (0.396948) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.319622 / 0.018006 (0.301616) | 0.588878 / 0.000490 (0.588388) | 0.017790 / 0.000200 (0.017590) | 0.000532 / 0.000054 (0.000477) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.031152 / 0.037411 (-0.006259) | 0.093808 / 0.014526 (0.079282) | 0.119296 / 0.176557 (-0.057261) | 0.181845 / 0.737135 (-0.555291) | 0.108527 / 0.296338 (-0.187811) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.575106 / 0.215209 (0.359896) | 5.776322 / 2.077655 (3.698668) | 2.592913 / 1.504120 (1.088793) | 2.389481 / 1.541195 (0.848286) | 2.390117 / 1.468490 (0.921627) | 0.852420 / 4.584777 (-3.732357) | 5.474171 / 3.745712 (1.728459) | 4.967188 / 5.269862 (-0.302674) | 3.053712 / 4.565676 (-1.511965) | 0.098128 / 0.424275 (-0.326147) | 0.008722 / 0.007607 (0.001115) | 0.699838 / 0.226044 (0.473794) | 7.103622 / 2.268929 (4.834693) | 3.359326 / 55.444624 (-52.085299) | 2.733943 / 6.876477 (-4.142534) | 2.770001 / 2.142072 (0.627929) | 1.058217 / 4.805227 (-3.747011) | 0.215845 / 6.500664 (-6.284820) | 0.078532 / 0.075469 (0.003063) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.633173 / 1.841788 (-0.208614) | 23.795045 / 8.074308 (15.720737) | 21.094433 / 10.191392 (10.903041) | 0.234522 / 0.680424 (-0.445902) | 0.033632 / 0.534201 (-0.500569) | 0.496701 / 0.579283 (-0.082582) | 0.626861 / 0.434364 (0.192497) | 0.558267 / 0.540337 (0.017930) | 0.807461 / 1.386936 (-0.579475) |

PyArrow==latest

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.009136 / 0.011353 (-0.002217) | 0.005425 / 0.011008 (-0.005584) | 0.081478 / 0.038508 (0.042970) | 0.077240 / 0.023109 (0.054130) | 0.512156 / 0.275898 (0.236258) | 0.561593 / 0.323480 (0.238113) | 0.006499 / 0.007986 (-0.001486) | 0.004080 / 0.004328 (-0.000248) | 0.082121 / 0.004250 (0.077870) | 0.063774 / 0.037052 (0.026722) | 0.509801 / 0.258489 (0.251312) | 0.572826 / 0.293841 (0.278985) | 0.050969 / 0.128546 (-0.077578) | 0.014876 / 0.075646 (-0.060771) | 0.094815 / 0.419271 (-0.324456) | 0.063904 / 0.043533 (0.020371) | 0.530572 / 0.255139 (0.275433) | 0.545940 / 0.283200 (0.262741) | 0.036729 / 0.141683 (-0.104954) | 1.799493 / 1.452155 (0.347339) | 1.931955 / 1.492716 (0.439239) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.291405 / 0.018006 (0.273398) | 0.590257 / 0.000490 (0.589767) | 0.008394 / 0.000200 (0.008194) | 0.000112 / 0.000054 (0.000058) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.037613 / 0.037411 (0.000201) | 0.103136 / 0.014526 (0.088610) | 0.121744 / 0.176557 (-0.054813) | 0.198503 / 0.737135 (-0.538632) | 0.120183 / 0.296338 (-0.176156) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.659872 / 0.215209 (0.444663) | 6.616775 / 2.077655 (4.539120) | 3.031679 / 1.504120 (1.527559) | 2.743489 / 1.541195 (1.202294) | 2.786786 / 1.468490 (1.318296) | 0.866625 / 4.584777 (-3.718152) | 5.637705 / 3.745712 (1.891993) | 4.702563 / 5.269862 (-0.567298) | 3.017797 / 4.565676 (-1.547879) | 0.100107 / 0.424275 (-0.324169) | 0.008443 / 0.007607 (0.000836) | 0.791385 / 0.226044 (0.565341) | 7.869504 / 2.268929 (5.600576) | 3.856634 / 55.444624 (-51.587991) | 3.140089 / 6.876477 (-3.736388) | 3.489339 / 2.142072 (1.347267) | 1.132170 / 4.805227 (-3.673058) | 0.219630 / 6.500664 (-6.281034) | 0.082289 / 0.075469 (0.006820) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.781902 / 1.841788 (-0.059885) | 24.912604 / 8.074308 (16.838296) | 21.626512 / 10.191392 (11.435120) | 0.228194 / 0.680424 (-0.452230) | 0.032799 / 0.534201 (-0.501402) | 0.483683 / 0.579283 (-0.095600) | 0.604966 / 0.434364 (0.170602) | 0.617278 / 0.540337 (0.076940) | 0.887337 / 1.386936 (-0.499599) |

![](https://cml.dev/watermark.png#579c31fda7182ca6fc33ab1e95db9e3a21fb5518 "CML watermark")

I used [this](https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1q2FYnkJFDMM3OZbhnYeZkfzmBa6ksofQ?usp=sharing) Colab to test the new `push_to_hub` on a large dataset (55 GB). It works great.

One thing that could be improved is the performance of `dataset.data.nbytes` - it takes ≈ 3 minutes to compute for the dataset in question (50k array chunks per column). It probably makes sense to store larger chunks locally. But this can be addressed in a subsequent PR.

Show benchmarks

PyArrow==8.0.0

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.007190 / 0.011353 (-0.004163) | 0.004394 / 0.011008 (-0.006614) | 0.085506 / 0.038508 (0.046998) | 0.092177 / 0.023109 (0.069068) | 0.351636 / 0.275898 (0.075738) | 0.389716 / 0.323480 (0.066236) | 0.004443 / 0.007986 (-0.003543) | 0.003641 / 0.004328 (-0.000687) | 0.066578 / 0.004250 (0.062328) | 0.061399 / 0.037052 (0.024346) | 0.356008 / 0.258489 (0.097519) | 0.398677 / 0.293841 (0.104836) | 0.031958 / 0.128546 (-0.096588) | 0.008857 / 0.075646 (-0.066789) | 0.289613 / 0.419271 (-0.129659) | 0.053555 / 0.043533 (0.010022) | 0.349268 / 0.255139 (0.094129) | 0.368666 / 0.283200 (0.085466) | 0.028267 / 0.141683 (-0.113416) | 1.502857 / 1.452155 (0.050702) | 1.598422 / 1.492716 (0.105705) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.319938 / 0.018006 (0.301931) | 0.566925 / 0.000490 (0.566435) | 0.014625 / 0.000200 (0.014425) | 0.000372 / 0.000054 (0.000318) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.030156 / 0.037411 (-0.007255) | 0.083128 / 0.014526 (0.068602) | 0.101435 / 0.176557 (-0.075122) | 0.158971 / 0.737135 (-0.578165) | 0.101488 / 0.296338 (-0.194851) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.383904 / 0.215209 (0.168695) | 3.829201 / 2.077655 (1.751546) | 1.815224 / 1.504120 (0.311104) | 1.647865 / 1.541195 (0.106670) | 1.738411 / 1.468490 (0.269921) | 0.484963 / 4.584777 (-4.099814) | 3.494811 / 3.745712 (-0.250901) | 3.505811 / 5.269862 (-1.764051) | 2.115467 / 4.565676 (-2.450210) | 0.057271 / 0.424275 (-0.367004) | 0.007285 / 0.007607 (-0.000322) | 0.467162 / 0.226044 (0.241118) | 4.661572 / 2.268929 (2.392643) | 2.330443 / 55.444624 (-53.114182) | 1.986116 / 6.876477 (-4.890361) | 2.055350 / 2.142072 (-0.086723) | 0.580369 / 4.805227 (-4.224858) | 0.132700 / 6.500664 (-6.367964) | 0.061219 / 0.075469 (-0.014251) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.270843 / 1.841788 (-0.570945) | 19.870723 / 8.074308 (11.796415) | 14.368932 / 10.191392 (4.177540) | 0.167345 / 0.680424 (-0.513079) | 0.018358 / 0.534201 (-0.515843) | 0.390833 / 0.579283 (-0.188450) | 0.419884 / 0.434364 (-0.014480) | 0.465683 / 0.540337 (-0.074655) | 0.646101 / 1.386936 (-0.740835) |

PyArrow==latest

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.007027 / 0.011353 (-0.004326) | 0.004578 / 0.011008 (-0.006430) | 0.066468 / 0.038508 (0.027960) | 0.081576 / 0.023109 (0.058466) | 0.414928 / 0.275898 (0.139030) | 0.452130 / 0.323480 (0.128651) | 0.005861 / 0.007986 (-0.002124) | 0.003740 / 0.004328 (-0.000588) | 0.066943 / 0.004250 (0.062692) | 0.060100 / 0.037052 (0.023048) | 0.418697 / 0.258489 (0.160208) | 0.466604 / 0.293841 (0.172764) | 0.031887 / 0.128546 (-0.096660) | 0.009119 / 0.075646 (-0.066527) | 0.072285 / 0.419271 (-0.346986) | 0.047599 / 0.043533 (0.004066) | 0.410791 / 0.255139 (0.155652) | 0.434182 / 0.283200 (0.150982) | 0.024799 / 0.141683 (-0.116884) | 1.500310 / 1.452155 (0.048155) | 1.567151 / 1.492716 (0.074434) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.322482 / 0.018006 (0.304476) | 0.550234 / 0.000490 (0.549744) | 0.007796 / 0.000200 (0.007596) | 0.000088 / 0.000054 (0.000033) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.036013 / 0.037411 (-0.001398) | 0.098482 / 0.014526 (0.083956) | 0.111641 / 0.176557 (-0.064916) | 0.166251 / 0.737135 (-0.570884) | 0.112426 / 0.296338 (-0.183912) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.429181 / 0.215209 (0.213972) | 4.273126 / 2.077655 (2.195472) | 2.277440 / 1.504120 (0.773321) | 2.112567 / 1.541195 (0.571372) | 2.224118 / 1.468490 (0.755628) | 0.488876 / 4.584777 (-4.095901) | 3.711638 / 3.745712 (-0.034074) | 3.480995 / 5.269862 (-1.788867) | 2.122114 / 4.565676 (-2.443563) | 0.057538 / 0.424275 (-0.366737) | 0.007416 / 0.007607 (-0.000191) | 0.506881 / 0.226044 (0.280836) | 5.067601 / 2.268929 (2.798672) | 2.769216 / 55.444624 (-52.675408) | 2.420448 / 6.876477 (-4.456029) | 2.694225 / 2.142072 (0.552153) | 0.588911 / 4.805227 (-4.216316) | 0.133542 / 6.500664 (-6.367122) | 0.061135 / 0.075469 (-0.014334) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.378029 / 1.841788 (-0.463758) | 20.660942 / 8.074308 (12.586634) | 15.725969 / 10.191392 (5.534577) | 0.169078 / 0.680424 (-0.511346) | 0.020540 / 0.534201 (-0.513661) | 0.399409 / 0.579283 (-0.179874) | 0.432572 / 0.434364 (-0.001792) | 0.477106 / 0.540337 (-0.063231) | 0.675593 / 1.386936 (-0.711343) |

![](https://cml.dev/watermark.png#9764c49d8bfdad5439e16faa6c52e510feabf6fa "CML watermark")

@lhoestq

> single commit can fail (time out) if there are too many operations so we might have to do multi commits anyway in that case

Multiple commits complicate the logic significantly. Maybe, let's keep things simple and emit a warning if there are more than 100 additions (we can suggest increasing `max_shard_size` in that case). Additionally, we can set the default `max_shard_size` to a higher value, e.g., 5GB. I think handling up to 500GB of data in the default case seems reasonable. In rare cases where this is a problem, one could increase the default `max_shard_size` even further (if RAM is not a limiting factor) or use `to_parquet` + `huggingface_hub` (we could have a docstring or a doc note that explains this).

Note that we split the dataset based on the Arrow data size, which means Parquet shards will be considerably smaller unless there are binary fields such as image JPEGs in the dataset, which are hard to compress efficiently.

> how to let users resume a push_to_hub that failed mid-way because of a connection error for example

They can resume by rerunning the failed `push_to_hub`.

`preupload_lfs_files` will be instant in that scenario, as explained in https://github.com/huggingface/huggingface_hub/pull/1699#discussion_r1342446406

> Multiple commits complicate the logic significantly. Maybe, let's keep things simple and emit a warning if there are more than 100 additions (we can suggest increasing max_shard_size in that case)

I don't think we can do that, many people are uploading files with 100+ files and it would break their workflow

Indeed, we should not break this, considering the number of datasets with more than 100 shards on the Hub (over 1k)

Show benchmarks

PyArrow==8.0.0

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.006834 / 0.011353 (-0.004519) | 0.004424 / 0.011008 (-0.006584) | 0.085199 / 0.038508 (0.046691) | 0.080237 / 0.023109 (0.057128) | 0.308800 / 0.275898 (0.032902) | 0.346314 / 0.323480 (0.022835) | 0.004399 / 0.007986 (-0.003586) | 0.003773 / 0.004328 (-0.000556) | 0.065886 / 0.004250 (0.061636) | 0.057830 / 0.037052 (0.020777) | 0.312035 / 0.258489 (0.053546) | 0.362646 / 0.293841 (0.068805) | 0.031223 / 0.128546 (-0.097323) | 0.008851 / 0.075646 (-0.066795) | 0.288264 / 0.419271 (-0.131007) | 0.052600 / 0.043533 (0.009067) | 0.316127 / 0.255139 (0.060988) | 0.328539 / 0.283200 (0.045340) | 0.026068 / 0.141683 (-0.115615) | 1.458928 / 1.452155 (0.006773) | 1.547619 / 1.492716 (0.054902) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.274382 / 0.018006 (0.256375) | 0.591192 / 0.000490 (0.590703) | 0.009290 / 0.000200 (0.009090) | 0.000327 / 0.000054 (0.000273) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.031428 / 0.037411 (-0.005983) | 0.087523 / 0.014526 (0.072997) | 0.101427 / 0.176557 (-0.075130) | 0.159228 / 0.737135 (-0.577907) | 0.101430 / 0.296338 (-0.194909) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.393914 / 0.215209 (0.178705) | 3.917323 / 2.077655 (1.839668) | 1.940577 / 1.504120 (0.436457) | 1.760996 / 1.541195 (0.219801) | 1.865858 / 1.468490 (0.397368) | 0.488920 / 4.584777 (-4.095857) | 3.513465 / 3.745712 (-0.232248) | 3.506600 / 5.269862 (-1.763261) | 2.072583 / 4.565676 (-2.493093) | 0.058256 / 0.424275 (-0.366019) | 0.007420 / 0.007607 (-0.000187) | 0.467241 / 0.226044 (0.241197) | 4.671470 / 2.268929 (2.402542) | 2.422717 / 55.444624 (-53.021908) | 2.069501 / 6.876477 (-4.806975) | 2.159257 / 2.142072 (0.017184) | 0.583808 / 4.805227 (-4.221419) | 0.134160 / 6.500664 (-6.366504) | 0.068855 / 0.075469 (-0.006614) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.305299 / 1.841788 (-0.536488) | 19.913902 / 8.074308 (11.839593) | 14.708057 / 10.191392 (4.516665) | 0.160113 / 0.680424 (-0.520311) | 0.018431 / 0.534201 (-0.515770) | 0.396147 / 0.579283 (-0.183136) | 0.411738 / 0.434364 (-0.022626) | 0.459297 / 0.540337 (-0.081041) | 0.636599 / 1.386936 (-0.750337) |

PyArrow==latest

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.006936 / 0.011353 (-0.004417) | 0.004290 / 0.011008 (-0.006718) | 0.065754 / 0.038508 (0.027246) | 0.080655 / 0.023109 (0.057546) | 0.399701 / 0.275898 (0.123803) | 0.435999 / 0.323480 (0.112519) | 0.005690 / 0.007986 (-0.002295) | 0.003580 / 0.004328 (-0.000748) | 0.065685 / 0.004250 (0.061434) | 0.059299 / 0.037052 (0.022246) | 0.404295 / 0.258489 (0.145806) | 0.438745 / 0.293841 (0.144904) | 0.032241 / 0.128546 (-0.096305) | 0.008699 / 0.075646 (-0.066947) | 0.072053 / 0.419271 (-0.347218) | 0.047489 / 0.043533 (0.003956) | 0.395638 / 0.255139 (0.140499) | 0.417224 / 0.283200 (0.134025) | 0.022734 / 0.141683 (-0.118949) | 1.507519 / 1.452155 (0.055364) | 1.570459 / 1.492716 (0.077743) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.260442 / 0.018006 (0.242435) | 0.551933 / 0.000490 (0.551444) | 0.005240 / 0.000200 (0.005040) | 0.000097 / 0.000054 (0.000042) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.033718 / 0.037411 (-0.003694) | 0.095710 / 0.014526 (0.081184) | 0.109970 / 0.176557 (-0.066586) | 0.167930 / 0.737135 (-0.569205) | 0.109977 / 0.296338 (-0.186362) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.430067 / 0.215209 (0.214857) | 4.292564 / 2.077655 (2.214910) | 2.313511 / 1.504120 (0.809391) | 2.158153 / 1.541195 (0.616959) | 2.262486 / 1.468490 (0.793996) | 0.492376 / 4.584777 (-4.092401) | 3.622287 / 3.745712 (-0.123425) | 3.380162 / 5.269862 (-1.889699) | 2.111874 / 4.565676 (-2.453803) | 0.057882 / 0.424275 (-0.366393) | 0.007317 / 0.007607 (-0.000290) | 0.504722 / 0.226044 (0.278678) | 5.039009 / 2.268929 (2.770080) | 2.772162 / 55.444624 (-52.672463) | 2.430928 / 6.876477 (-4.445549) | 2.666556 / 2.142072 (0.524484) | 0.586722 / 4.805227 (-4.218505) | 0.133780 / 6.500664 (-6.366884) | 0.060269 / 0.075469 (-0.015200) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.339064 / 1.841788 (-0.502724) | 20.743931 / 8.074308 (12.669623) | 15.491066 / 10.191392 (5.299674) | 0.159236 / 0.680424 (-0.521188) | 0.020722 / 0.534201 (-0.513479) | 0.399440 / 0.579283 (-0.179843) | 0.424501 / 0.434364 (-0.009863) | 0.474026 / 0.540337 (-0.066311) | 0.685239 / 1.386936 (-0.701697) |

![](https://cml.dev/watermark.png#58406f61c52e7ff064ac6c19ebdb3e5247c70862 "CML watermark")

Show benchmarks

PyArrow==8.0.0

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.005930 / 0.011353 (-0.005422) | 0.003496 / 0.011008 (-0.007512) | 0.079631 / 0.038508 (0.041123) | 0.058250 / 0.023109 (0.035141) | 0.310108 / 0.275898 (0.034210) | 0.352747 / 0.323480 (0.029267) | 0.005367 / 0.007986 (-0.002619) | 0.002943 / 0.004328 (-0.001386) | 0.062449 / 0.004250 (0.058199) | 0.046433 / 0.037052 (0.009381) | 0.311020 / 0.258489 (0.052531) | 0.361033 / 0.293841 (0.067192) | 0.027419 / 0.128546 (-0.101128) | 0.008073 / 0.075646 (-0.067574) | 0.261403 / 0.419271 (-0.157869) | 0.045059 / 0.043533 (0.001527) | 0.310622 / 0.255139 (0.055483) | 0.344361 / 0.283200 (0.061161) | 0.020561 / 0.141683 (-0.121122) | 1.427409 / 1.452155 (-0.024746) | 1.506612 / 1.492716 (0.013896) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.234095 / 0.018006 (0.216089) | 0.432603 / 0.000490 (0.432113) | 0.010283 / 0.000200 (0.010083) | 0.000289 / 0.000054 (0.000235) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.024263 / 0.037411 (-0.013148) | 0.073672 / 0.014526 (0.059146) | 0.084080 / 0.176557 (-0.092476) | 0.146679 / 0.737135 (-0.590457) | 0.084337 / 0.296338 (-0.212001) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.434297 / 0.215209 (0.219088) | 4.358287 / 2.077655 (2.280633) | 2.268461 / 1.504120 (0.764341) | 2.107924 / 1.541195 (0.566729) | 2.165136 / 1.468490 (0.696646) | 0.498421 / 4.584777 (-4.086356) | 3.094414 / 3.745712 (-0.651298) | 2.991511 / 5.269862 (-2.278351) | 1.998052 / 4.565676 (-2.567624) | 0.057363 / 0.424275 (-0.366912) | 0.006405 / 0.007607 (-0.001203) | 0.508396 / 0.226044 (0.282351) | 5.104756 / 2.268929 (2.835828) | 2.720462 / 55.444624 (-52.724163) | 2.391840 / 6.876477 (-4.484637) | 2.443063 / 2.142072 (0.300991) | 0.590015 / 4.805227 (-4.215212) | 0.125414 / 6.500664 (-6.375250) | 0.061122 / 0.075469 (-0.014347) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.221883 / 1.841788 (-0.619904) | 17.788248 / 8.074308 (9.713940) | 13.753315 / 10.191392 (3.561923) | 0.146388 / 0.680424 (-0.534036) | 0.017038 / 0.534201 (-0.517163) | 0.339162 / 0.579283 (-0.240121) | 0.372054 / 0.434364 (-0.062309) | 0.381507 / 0.540337 (-0.158830) | 0.538603 / 1.386936 (-0.848333) |

PyArrow==latest

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.006044 / 0.011353 (-0.005309) | 0.003654 / 0.011008 (-0.007354) | 0.062956 / 0.038508 (0.024448) | 0.061325 / 0.023109 (0.038216) | 0.450006 / 0.275898 (0.174108) | 0.474560 / 0.323480 (0.151080) | 0.004846 / 0.007986 (-0.003140) | 0.002904 / 0.004328 (-0.001425) | 0.064206 / 0.004250 (0.059956) | 0.047850 / 0.037052 (0.010798) | 0.448431 / 0.258489 (0.189942) | 0.481363 / 0.293841 (0.187523) | 0.028622 / 0.128546 (-0.099925) | 0.008255 / 0.075646 (-0.067391) | 0.068461 / 0.419271 (-0.350810) | 0.040234 / 0.043533 (-0.003299) | 0.447396 / 0.255139 (0.192257) | 0.465383 / 0.283200 (0.182184) | 0.021864 / 0.141683 (-0.119819) | 1.402197 / 1.452155 (-0.049957) | 1.475337 / 1.492716 (-0.017379) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.227093 / 0.018006 (0.209087) | 0.407908 / 0.000490 (0.407419) | 0.006709 / 0.000200 (0.006509) | 0.000076 / 0.000054 (0.000022) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.026560 / 0.037411 (-0.010851) | 0.080926 / 0.014526 (0.066400) | 0.091531 / 0.176557 (-0.085026) | 0.145742 / 0.737135 (-0.591393) | 0.092203 / 0.296338 (-0.204135) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.473029 / 0.215209 (0.257820) | 4.703613 / 2.077655 (2.625958) | 2.642622 / 1.504120 (1.138502) | 2.465376 / 1.541195 (0.924181) | 2.510125 / 1.468490 (1.041635) | 0.512606 / 4.584777 (-4.072171) | 3.132127 / 3.745712 (-0.613585) | 2.890098 / 5.269862 (-2.379763) | 1.908140 / 4.565676 (-2.657537) | 0.058938 / 0.424275 (-0.365337) | 0.006486 / 0.007607 (-0.001121) | 0.542279 / 0.226044 (0.316235) | 5.435621 / 2.268929 (3.166693) | 3.083943 / 55.444624 (-52.360681) | 2.761575 / 6.876477 (-4.114901) | 2.919672 / 2.142072 (0.777599) | 0.608022 / 4.805227 (-4.197205) | 0.126821 / 6.500664 (-6.373843) | 0.061374 / 0.075469 (-0.014095) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.348848 / 1.841788 (-0.492940) | 18.323507 / 8.074308 (10.249199) | 14.713411 / 10.191392 (4.522019) | 0.155277 / 0.680424 (-0.525146) | 0.017739 / 0.534201 (-0.516462) | 0.337357 / 0.579283 (-0.241926) | 0.376519 / 0.434364 (-0.057844) | 0.398011 / 0.540337 (-0.142327) | 0.589797 / 1.386936 (-0.797139) |

![](https://cml.dev/watermark.png#26d8bfca337e01bd78d5590d5e49c6d8d022a3ff "CML watermark")

Show benchmarks

PyArrow==8.0.0

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.007823 / 0.011353 (-0.003530) | 0.004136 / 0.011008 (-0.006872) | 0.087282 / 0.038508 (0.048774) | 0.086352 / 0.023109 (0.063243) | 0.328107 / 0.275898 (0.052209) | 0.368717 / 0.323480 (0.045237) | 0.005452 / 0.007986 (-0.002533) | 0.003460 / 0.004328 (-0.000868) | 0.064360 / 0.004250 (0.060110) | 0.062215 / 0.037052 (0.025162) | 0.334666 / 0.258489 (0.076177) | 0.388688 / 0.293841 (0.094847) | 0.031093 / 0.128546 (-0.097454) | 0.008510 / 0.075646 (-0.067137) | 0.295965 / 0.419271 (-0.123306) | 0.052858 / 0.043533 (0.009325) | 0.320104 / 0.255139 (0.064965) | 0.346761 / 0.283200 (0.063562) | 0.024864 / 0.141683 (-0.116819) | 1.483164 / 1.452155 (0.031010) | 1.580363 / 1.492716 (0.087647) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.243523 / 0.018006 (0.225516) | 0.459741 / 0.000490 (0.459251) | 0.010508 / 0.000200 (0.010308) | 0.000384 / 0.000054 (0.000330) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.029896 / 0.037411 (-0.007515) | 0.089150 / 0.014526 (0.074624) | 0.098855 / 0.176557 (-0.077702) | 0.154469 / 0.737135 (-0.582667) | 0.099546 / 0.296338 (-0.196792) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.403547 / 0.215209 (0.188338) | 4.036711 / 2.077655 (1.959056) | 2.030882 / 1.504120 (0.526762) | 1.850432 / 1.541195 (0.309238) | 1.924248 / 1.468490 (0.455758) | 0.493153 / 4.584777 (-4.091624) | 3.634074 / 3.745712 (-0.111638) | 3.546145 / 5.269862 (-1.723717) | 2.120819 / 4.565676 (-2.444858) | 0.057137 / 0.424275 (-0.367138) | 0.007454 / 0.007607 (-0.000153) | 0.481687 / 0.226044 (0.255642) | 4.813203 / 2.268929 (2.544275) | 2.481260 / 55.444624 (-52.963364) | 2.194185 / 6.876477 (-4.682292) | 2.255381 / 2.142072 (0.113308) | 0.575160 / 4.805227 (-4.230068) | 0.132310 / 6.500664 (-6.368355) | 0.061917 / 0.075469 (-0.013553) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.265722 / 1.841788 (-0.576066) | 19.949624 / 8.074308 (11.875315) | 14.804356 / 10.191392 (4.612964) | 0.170485 / 0.680424 (-0.509939) | 0.018831 / 0.534201 (-0.515370) | 0.407051 / 0.579283 (-0.172233) | 0.420560 / 0.434364 (-0.013804) | 0.470721 / 0.540337 (-0.069616) | 0.651665 / 1.386936 (-0.735271) |

PyArrow==latest

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.007113 / 0.011353 (-0.004240) | 0.004186 / 0.011008 (-0.006822) | 0.065082 / 0.038508 (0.026574) | 0.080275 / 0.023109 (0.057166) | 0.393460 / 0.275898 (0.117562) | 0.426702 / 0.323480 (0.103223) | 0.005639 / 0.007986 (-0.002347) | 0.003492 / 0.004328 (-0.000836) | 0.065774 / 0.004250 (0.061523) | 0.059708 / 0.037052 (0.022656) | 0.395598 / 0.258489 (0.137109) | 0.437088 / 0.293841 (0.143247) | 0.033165 / 0.128546 (-0.095381) | 0.008559 / 0.075646 (-0.067087) | 0.071782 / 0.419271 (-0.347490) | 0.048672 / 0.043533 (0.005139) | 0.393883 / 0.255139 (0.138744) | 0.412817 / 0.283200 (0.129617) | 0.024115 / 0.141683 (-0.117568) | 1.522752 / 1.452155 (0.070597) | 1.577311 / 1.492716 (0.084595) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.225569 / 0.018006 (0.207563) | 0.460310 / 0.000490 (0.459820) | 0.004733 / 0.000200 (0.004533) | 0.000115 / 0.000054 (0.000060) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.035241 / 0.037411 (-0.002170) | 0.098092 / 0.014526 (0.083566) | 0.108025 / 0.176557 (-0.068531) | 0.162910 / 0.737135 (-0.574225) | 0.108649 / 0.296338 (-0.187689) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.441723 / 0.215209 (0.226514) | 4.400656 / 2.077655 (2.323001) | 2.413588 / 1.504120 (0.909468) | 2.261890 / 1.541195 (0.720696) | 2.420878 / 1.468490 (0.952388) | 0.496456 / 4.584777 (-4.088321) | 3.679930 / 3.745712 (-0.065782) | 3.390539 / 5.269862 (-1.879322) | 2.109599 / 4.565676 (-2.456078) | 0.058896 / 0.424275 (-0.365379) | 0.007483 / 0.007607 (-0.000125) | 0.521108 / 0.226044 (0.295064) | 5.209468 / 2.268929 (2.940540) | 2.948595 / 55.444624 (-52.496029) | 2.658864 / 6.876477 (-4.217613) | 2.913653 / 2.142072 (0.771580) | 0.602776 / 4.805227 (-4.202451) | 0.136166 / 6.500664 (-6.364498) | 0.063812 / 0.075469 (-0.011657) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.350306 / 1.841788 (-0.491482) | 20.453980 / 8.074308 (12.379672) | 15.758719 / 10.191392 (5.567327) | 0.165847 / 0.680424 (-0.514577) | 0.020254 / 0.534201 (-0.513947) | 0.400006 / 0.579283 (-0.179277) | 0.440336 / 0.434364 (0.005972) | 0.480122 / 0.540337 (-0.060215) | 0.688994 / 1.386936 (-0.697942) |

![](https://cml.dev/watermark.png#997082a2a3c599ea1b23a70759d3af98a78f7f33 "CML watermark")

Show benchmarks

PyArrow==8.0.0

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.008633 / 0.011353 (-0.002720) | 0.004851 / 0.011008 (-0.006157) | 0.100647 / 0.038508 (0.062139) | 0.084701 / 0.023109 (0.061592) | 0.410489 / 0.275898 (0.134590) | 0.440231 / 0.323480 (0.116751) | 0.004679 / 0.007986 (-0.003307) | 0.004172 / 0.004328 (-0.000157) | 0.079911 / 0.004250 (0.075661) | 0.069537 / 0.037052 (0.032485) | 0.423506 / 0.258489 (0.165017) | 0.466098 / 0.293841 (0.172257) | 0.048773 / 0.128546 (-0.079773) | 0.014446 / 0.075646 (-0.061200) | 0.342776 / 0.419271 (-0.076495) | 0.065672 / 0.043533 (0.022139) | 0.411845 / 0.255139 (0.156706) | 0.466662 / 0.283200 (0.183462) | 0.035752 / 0.141683 (-0.105931) | 1.684956 / 1.452155 (0.232801) | 1.832173 / 1.492716 (0.339456) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.250744 / 0.018006 (0.232738) | 0.528860 / 0.000490 (0.528371) | 0.013301 / 0.000200 (0.013101) | 0.000413 / 0.000054 (0.000359) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.032376 / 0.037411 (-0.005035) | 0.094630 / 0.014526 (0.080104) | 0.107163 / 0.176557 (-0.069394) | 0.172503 / 0.737135 (-0.564633) | 0.108407 / 0.296338 (-0.187932) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.671251 / 0.215209 (0.456042) | 6.235361 / 2.077655 (4.157706) | 2.650328 / 1.504120 (1.146208) | 2.341199 / 1.541195 (0.800004) | 2.368803 / 1.468490 (0.900313) | 0.841347 / 4.584777 (-3.743430) | 5.042508 / 3.745712 (1.296796) | 4.807565 / 5.269862 (-0.462296) | 3.007420 / 4.565676 (-1.558257) | 0.099953 / 0.424275 (-0.324322) | 0.008412 / 0.007607 (0.000805) | 0.747803 / 0.226044 (0.521759) | 7.481245 / 2.268929 (5.212316) | 3.416157 / 55.444624 (-52.028467) | 2.724608 / 6.876477 (-4.151869) | 2.832982 / 2.142072 (0.690910) | 1.072423 / 4.805227 (-3.732804) | 0.211314 / 6.500664 (-6.289351) | 0.074098 / 0.075469 (-0.001371) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.566010 / 1.841788 (-0.275778) | 23.137708 / 8.074308 (15.063400) | 21.440132 / 10.191392 (11.248740) | 0.230713 / 0.680424 (-0.449711) | 0.028271 / 0.534201 (-0.505930) | 0.450821 / 0.579283 (-0.128463) | 0.548399 / 0.434364 (0.114035) | 0.543588 / 0.540337 (0.003250) | 0.805522 / 1.386936 (-0.581414) |

PyArrow==latest

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.008969 / 0.011353 (-0.002384) | 0.004793 / 0.011008 (-0.006216) | 0.075804 / 0.038508 (0.037296) | 0.079893 / 0.023109 (0.056783) | 0.464358 / 0.275898 (0.188460) | 0.507243 / 0.323480 (0.183763) | 0.005945 / 0.007986 (-0.002040) | 0.005341 / 0.004328 (0.001012) | 0.077952 / 0.004250 (0.073701) | 0.059965 / 0.037052 (0.022913) | 0.478947 / 0.258489 (0.220458) | 0.528444 / 0.293841 (0.234603) | 0.052878 / 0.128546 (-0.075668) | 0.013939 / 0.075646 (-0.061707) | 0.087351 / 0.419271 (-0.331920) | 0.058448 / 0.043533 (0.014916) | 0.478664 / 0.255139 (0.223525) | 0.491239 / 0.283200 (0.208039) | 0.032674 / 0.141683 (-0.109008) | 1.753911 / 1.452155 (0.301756) | 1.858923 / 1.492716 (0.366206) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.239278 / 0.018006 (0.221271) | 0.507372 / 0.000490 (0.506882) | 0.005489 / 0.000200 (0.005289) | 0.000142 / 0.000054 (0.000087) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.032919 / 0.037411 (-0.004493) | 0.097726 / 0.014526 (0.083200) | 0.119159 / 0.176557 (-0.057398) | 0.174545 / 0.737135 (-0.562590) | 0.115319 / 0.296338 (-0.181020) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.627107 / 0.215209 (0.411898) | 6.211925 / 2.077655 (4.134270) | 2.731484 / 1.504120 (1.227365) | 2.488847 / 1.541195 (0.947652) | 2.372445 / 1.468490 (0.903955) | 0.822663 / 4.584777 (-3.762114) | 4.924001 / 3.745712 (1.178289) | 4.371161 / 5.269862 (-0.898700) | 2.850314 / 4.565676 (-1.715363) | 0.099156 / 0.424275 (-0.325119) | 0.007941 / 0.007607 (0.000334) | 0.721539 / 0.226044 (0.495495) | 7.260874 / 2.268929 (4.991946) | 3.351072 / 55.444624 (-52.093552) | 2.757115 / 6.876477 (-4.119362) | 2.858899 / 2.142072 (0.716827) | 0.994054 / 4.805227 (-3.811173) | 0.209186 / 6.500664 (-6.291478) | 0.072070 / 0.075469 (-0.003399) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.748073 / 1.841788 (-0.093714) | 23.514638 / 8.074308 (15.440330) | 20.372037 / 10.191392 (10.180645) | 0.220020 / 0.680424 (-0.460404) | 0.057130 / 0.534201 (-0.477071) | 0.458204 / 0.579283 (-0.121079) | 0.600509 / 0.434364 (0.166145) | 0.557100 / 0.540337 (0.016762) | 0.814360 / 1.386936 (-0.572576) |

![](https://cml.dev/watermark.png#072f0ceafde60c16516fe1297e4aba981fc56052 "CML watermark")

Show benchmarks

PyArrow==8.0.0

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.007341 / 0.011353 (-0.004012) | 0.004606 / 0.011008 (-0.006402) | 0.087903 / 0.038508 (0.049395) | 0.094090 / 0.023109 (0.070981) | 0.322278 / 0.275898 (0.046380) | 0.356770 / 0.323480 (0.033290) | 0.005988 / 0.007986 (-0.001997) | 0.003667 / 0.004328 (-0.000662) | 0.066105 / 0.004250 (0.061854) | 0.061220 / 0.037052 (0.024167) | 0.331190 / 0.258489 (0.072701) | 0.381402 / 0.293841 (0.087561) | 0.032261 / 0.128546 (-0.096285) | 0.009281 / 0.075646 (-0.066366) | 0.293694 / 0.419271 (-0.125577) | 0.055041 / 0.043533 (0.011508) | 0.318080 / 0.255139 (0.062941) | 0.348763 / 0.283200 (0.065563) | 0.027379 / 0.141683 (-0.114304) | 1.496294 / 1.452155 (0.044139) | 1.581942 / 1.492716 (0.089226) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.307592 / 0.018006 (0.289586) | 0.591805 / 0.000490 (0.591316) | 0.017082 / 0.000200 (0.016882) | 0.000721 / 0.000054 (0.000666) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.032157 / 0.037411 (-0.005254) | 0.096249 / 0.014526 (0.081724) | 0.106656 / 0.176557 (-0.069901) | 0.162966 / 0.737135 (-0.574169) | 0.107068 / 0.296338 (-0.189271) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.409083 / 0.215209 (0.193874) | 4.044307 / 2.077655 (1.966652) | 2.062887 / 1.504120 (0.558767) | 1.900568 / 1.541195 (0.359373) | 2.011862 / 1.468490 (0.543372) | 0.489250 / 4.584777 (-4.095527) | 3.519531 / 3.745712 (-0.226182) | 3.631713 / 5.269862 (-1.638149) | 2.163967 / 4.565676 (-2.401709) | 0.057723 / 0.424275 (-0.366552) | 0.007474 / 0.007607 (-0.000133) | 0.479562 / 0.226044 (0.253517) | 4.799825 / 2.268929 (2.530897) | 2.530036 / 55.444624 (-52.914588) | 2.195344 / 6.876477 (-4.681133) | 2.341046 / 2.142072 (0.198974) | 0.625105 / 4.805227 (-4.180122) | 0.132823 / 6.500664 (-6.367841) | 0.061721 / 0.075469 (-0.013748) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.301313 / 1.841788 (-0.540475) | 21.218468 / 8.074308 (13.144159) | 15.466347 / 10.191392 (5.274955) | 0.166115 / 0.680424 (-0.514309) | 0.018866 / 0.534201 (-0.515335) | 0.399307 / 0.579283 (-0.179976) | 0.430537 / 0.434364 (-0.003827) | 0.467110 / 0.540337 (-0.073228) | 0.645686 / 1.386936 (-0.741250) |

PyArrow==latest

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.007288 / 0.011353 (-0.004065) | 0.004298 / 0.011008 (-0.006710) | 0.065515 / 0.038508 (0.027007) | 0.089948 / 0.023109 (0.066839) | 0.410121 / 0.275898 (0.134223) | 0.449312 / 0.323480 (0.125832) | 0.006749 / 0.007986 (-0.001237) | 0.003927 / 0.004328 (-0.000401) | 0.065321 / 0.004250 (0.061071) | 0.062480 / 0.037052 (0.025428) | 0.410796 / 0.258489 (0.152307) | 0.457356 / 0.293841 (0.163515) | 0.032632 / 0.128546 (-0.095914) | 0.008798 / 0.075646 (-0.066849) | 0.075936 / 0.419271 (-0.343335) | 0.048402 / 0.043533 (0.004869) | 0.403385 / 0.255139 (0.148246) | 0.426094 / 0.283200 (0.142895) | 0.025326 / 0.141683 (-0.116357) | 1.551550 / 1.452155 (0.099395) | 1.628622 / 1.492716 (0.135905) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.279689 / 0.018006 (0.261682) | 0.583754 / 0.000490 (0.583265) | 0.006579 / 0.000200 (0.006379) | 0.000096 / 0.000054 (0.000042) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.034906 / 0.037411 (-0.002505) | 0.099232 / 0.014526 (0.084706) | 0.113093 / 0.176557 (-0.063464) | 0.165499 / 0.737135 (-0.571636) | 0.113398 / 0.296338 (-0.182941) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.439154 / 0.215209 (0.223945) | 4.377041 / 2.077655 (2.299387) | 2.395058 / 1.504120 (0.890938) | 2.233359 / 1.541195 (0.692164) | 2.357281 / 1.468490 (0.888791) | 0.486036 / 4.584777 (-4.098741) | 3.568794 / 3.745712 (-0.176918) | 3.485421 / 5.269862 (-1.784440) | 2.174325 / 4.565676 (-2.391351) | 0.057855 / 0.424275 (-0.366420) | 0.007545 / 0.007607 (-0.000062) | 0.516853 / 0.226044 (0.290808) | 5.173340 / 2.268929 (2.904412) | 2.931475 / 55.444624 (-52.513149) | 2.566814 / 6.876477 (-4.309663) | 2.873304 / 2.142072 (0.731232) | 0.597072 / 4.805227 (-4.208155) | 0.133589 / 6.500664 (-6.367075) | 0.061882 / 0.075469 (-0.013587) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.382845 / 1.841788 (-0.458943) | 21.608316 / 8.074308 (13.534008) | 15.702152 / 10.191392 (5.510759) | 0.190629 / 0.680424 (-0.489795) | 0.020572 / 0.534201 (-0.513629) | 0.396207 / 0.579283 (-0.183076) | 0.421184 / 0.434364 (-0.013180) | 0.477700 / 0.540337 (-0.062638) | 0.690828 / 1.386936 (-0.696108) |

![](https://cml.dev/watermark.png#5e7374b453911cda5e0f866ad45b51c3fbe267c9 "CML watermark")

Show benchmarks

PyArrow==8.0.0

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.008450 / 0.011353 (-0.002903) | 0.004958 / 0.011008 (-0.006051) | 0.105397 / 0.038508 (0.066889) | 0.079508 / 0.023109 (0.056399) | 0.403050 / 0.275898 (0.127152) | 0.443679 / 0.323480 (0.120199) | 0.004654 / 0.007986 (-0.003332) | 0.005629 / 0.004328 (0.001301) | 0.078755 / 0.004250 (0.074505) | 0.055694 / 0.037052 (0.018642) | 0.409952 / 0.258489 (0.151463) | 0.454931 / 0.293841 (0.161090) | 0.045124 / 0.128546 (-0.083422) | 0.014031 / 0.075646 (-0.061616) | 0.347340 / 0.419271 (-0.071931) | 0.064359 / 0.043533 (0.020826) | 0.414158 / 0.255139 (0.159019) | 0.428442 / 0.283200 (0.145243) | 0.033726 / 0.141683 (-0.107957) | 1.770483 / 1.452155 (0.318328) | 1.795267 / 1.492716 (0.302551) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.251020 / 0.018006 (0.233014) | 0.507066 / 0.000490 (0.506576) | 0.015751 / 0.000200 (0.015551) | 0.000531 / 0.000054 (0.000477) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.028897 / 0.037411 (-0.008515) | 0.087393 / 0.014526 (0.072867) | 0.097365 / 0.176557 (-0.079192) | 0.164833 / 0.737135 (-0.572303) | 0.101281 / 0.296338 (-0.195058) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.610806 / 0.215209 (0.395597) | 6.011697 / 2.077655 (3.934042) | 2.544268 / 1.504120 (1.040148) | 2.127103 / 1.541195 (0.585908) | 2.133330 / 1.468490 (0.664839) | 0.860964 / 4.584777 (-3.723813) | 4.982374 / 3.745712 (1.236662) | 5.073026 / 5.269862 (-0.196836) | 3.033056 / 4.565676 (-1.532621) | 0.118835 / 0.424275 (-0.305440) | 0.010122 / 0.007607 (0.002515) | 0.805807 / 0.226044 (0.579763) | 7.839166 / 2.268929 (5.570238) | 3.512405 / 55.444624 (-51.932219) | 2.767578 / 6.876477 (-4.108898) | 2.936885 / 2.142072 (0.794813) | 1.058533 / 4.805227 (-3.746695) | 0.222260 / 6.500664 (-6.278404) | 0.073890 / 0.075469 (-0.001580) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.628307 / 1.841788 (-0.213480) | 22.827116 / 8.074308 (14.752808) | 21.809759 / 10.191392 (11.618367) | 0.220637 / 0.680424 (-0.459786) | 0.028030 / 0.534201 (-0.506171) | 0.448620 / 0.579283 (-0.130663) | 0.540442 / 0.434364 (0.106078) | 0.548601 / 0.540337 (0.008264) | 0.770387 / 1.386936 (-0.616549) |

PyArrow==latest

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.009198 / 0.011353 (-0.002155) | 0.004935 / 0.011008 (-0.006073) | 0.079095 / 0.038508 (0.040587) | 0.090490 / 0.023109 (0.067381) | 0.453374 / 0.275898 (0.177476) | 0.519483 / 0.323480 (0.196003) | 0.006539 / 0.007986 (-0.001447) | 0.004160 / 0.004328 (-0.000169) | 0.078433 / 0.004250 (0.074182) | 0.068022 / 0.037052 (0.030969) | 0.467686 / 0.258489 (0.209197) | 0.523863 / 0.293841 (0.230022) | 0.050926 / 0.128546 (-0.077620) | 0.013664 / 0.075646 (-0.061982) | 0.088787 / 0.419271 (-0.330485) | 0.060503 / 0.043533 (0.016971) | 0.474692 / 0.255139 (0.219553) | 0.516461 / 0.283200 (0.233261) | 0.034482 / 0.141683 (-0.107200) | 1.747939 / 1.452155 (0.295784) | 1.915212 / 1.492716 (0.422496) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.247400 / 0.018006 (0.229394) | 0.516829 / 0.000490 (0.516339) | 0.005770 / 0.000200 (0.005570) | 0.000121 / 0.000054 (0.000067) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.034334 / 0.037411 (-0.003077) | 0.102397 / 0.014526 (0.087871) | 0.114187 / 0.176557 (-0.062370) | 0.171093 / 0.737135 (-0.566043) | 0.117281 / 0.296338 (-0.179058) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.635710 / 0.215209 (0.420501) | 6.400656 / 2.077655 (4.323002) | 2.896896 / 1.504120 (1.392776) | 2.682890 / 1.541195 (1.141696) | 2.656445 / 1.468490 (1.187955) | 1.044244 / 4.584777 (-3.540533) | 5.393212 / 3.745712 (1.647500) | 4.592928 / 5.269862 (-0.676934) | 2.798525 / 4.565676 (-1.767151) | 0.103720 / 0.424275 (-0.320555) | 0.010196 / 0.007607 (0.002589) | 0.762756 / 0.226044 (0.536711) | 7.232939 / 2.268929 (4.964011) | 3.714015 / 55.444624 (-51.730609) | 3.050766 / 6.876477 (-3.825711) | 3.149715 / 2.142072 (1.007643) | 1.058827 / 4.805227 (-3.746400) | 0.214079 / 6.500664 (-6.286585) | 0.076712 / 0.075469 (0.001243) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.701032 / 1.841788 (-0.140755) | 23.742023 / 8.074308 (15.667715) | 22.486043 / 10.191392 (12.294651) | 0.249757 / 0.680424 (-0.430667) | 0.031714 / 0.534201 (-0.502486) | 0.479914 / 0.579283 (-0.099369) | 0.593315 / 0.434364 (0.158951) | 0.562897 / 0.540337 (0.022560) | 0.826636 / 1.386936 (-0.560300) |

![](https://cml.dev/watermark.png#429f9c69d1813ec643c316313b69ff23aaf208f6 "CML watermark")

Show benchmarks

PyArrow==8.0.0

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.007816 / 0.011353 (-0.003537) | 0.004541 / 0.011008 (-0.006467) | 0.097256 / 0.038508 (0.058748) | 0.081376 / 0.023109 (0.058267) | 0.356635 / 0.275898 (0.080737) | 0.394969 / 0.323480 (0.071489) | 0.004670 / 0.007986 (-0.003316) | 0.003537 / 0.004328 (-0.000791) | 0.075564 / 0.004250 (0.071314) | 0.063459 / 0.037052 (0.026407) | 0.363846 / 0.258489 (0.105357) | 0.416337 / 0.293841 (0.122496) | 0.036690 / 0.128546 (-0.091857) | 0.009653 / 0.075646 (-0.065993) | 0.337265 / 0.419271 (-0.082007) | 0.061446 / 0.043533 (0.017913) | 0.359190 / 0.255139 (0.104051) | 0.385866 / 0.283200 (0.102666) | 0.030474 / 0.141683 (-0.111209) | 1.796903 / 1.452155 (0.344748) | 1.852332 / 1.492716 (0.359616) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.264008 / 0.018006 (0.246002) | 0.507387 / 0.000490 (0.506897) | 0.012309 / 0.000200 (0.012109) | 0.000377 / 0.000054 (0.000323) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.033224 / 0.037411 (-0.004188) | 0.097136 / 0.014526 (0.082610) | 0.113035 / 0.176557 (-0.063522) | 0.181778 / 0.737135 (-0.555357) | 0.130511 / 0.296338 (-0.165827) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.444512 / 0.215209 (0.229303) | 4.453285 / 2.077655 (2.375631) | 2.154123 / 1.504120 (0.650003) | 1.955451 / 1.541195 (0.414256) | 2.015089 / 1.468490 (0.546599) | 0.567824 / 4.584777 (-4.016953) | 4.083084 / 3.745712 (0.337371) | 3.912417 / 5.269862 (-1.357445) | 2.366197 / 4.565676 (-2.199480) | 0.066468 / 0.424275 (-0.357807) | 0.008478 / 0.007607 (0.000870) | 0.531196 / 0.226044 (0.305152) | 5.311285 / 2.268929 (3.042356) | 2.743252 / 55.444624 (-52.701372) | 2.322353 / 6.876477 (-4.554124) | 2.368168 / 2.142072 (0.226095) | 0.679223 / 4.805227 (-4.126004) | 0.152401 / 6.500664 (-6.348263) | 0.071954 / 0.075469 (-0.003515) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.489114 / 1.841788 (-0.352674) | 22.114956 / 8.074308 (14.040648) | 16.072564 / 10.191392 (5.881172) | 0.164303 / 0.680424 (-0.516121) | 0.021317 / 0.534201 (-0.512884) | 0.460250 / 0.579283 (-0.119033) | 0.467554 / 0.434364 (0.033190) | 0.539773 / 0.540337 (-0.000564) | 0.751904 / 1.386936 (-0.635032) |

PyArrow==latest

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.007520 / 0.011353 (-0.003833) | 0.004487 / 0.011008 (-0.006521) | 0.075074 / 0.038508 (0.036566) | 0.083135 / 0.023109 (0.060026) | 0.474052 / 0.275898 (0.198154) | 0.524051 / 0.323480 (0.200571) | 0.006192 / 0.007986 (-0.001793) | 0.003835 / 0.004328 (-0.000494) | 0.074643 / 0.004250 (0.070392) | 0.065334 / 0.037052 (0.028282) | 0.507033 / 0.258489 (0.248544) | 0.519846 / 0.293841 (0.226005) | 0.036985 / 0.128546 (-0.091561) | 0.009828 / 0.075646 (-0.065818) | 0.082992 / 0.419271 (-0.336279) | 0.055942 / 0.043533 (0.012409) | 0.480652 / 0.255139 (0.225513) | 0.503683 / 0.283200 (0.220483) | 0.025560 / 0.141683 (-0.116123) | 1.801390 / 1.452155 (0.349235) | 1.892929 / 1.492716 (0.400213) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.246771 / 0.018006 (0.228765) | 0.498901 / 0.000490 (0.498411) | 0.008186 / 0.000200 (0.007986) | 0.000166 / 0.000054 (0.000112) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.038666 / 0.037411 (0.001254) | 0.110317 / 0.014526 (0.095791) | 0.122995 / 0.176557 (-0.053562) | 0.185355 / 0.737135 (-0.551781) | 0.123720 / 0.296338 (-0.172619) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.508421 / 0.215209 (0.293212) | 5.046464 / 2.077655 (2.968809) | 2.660004 / 1.504120 (1.155884) | 2.482841 / 1.541195 (0.941646) | 2.573941 / 1.468490 (1.105451) | 0.565702 / 4.584777 (-4.019075) | 4.197895 / 3.745712 (0.452183) | 3.755480 / 5.269862 (-1.514381) | 2.308066 / 4.565676 (-2.257610) | 0.066559 / 0.424275 (-0.357716) | 0.008436 / 0.007607 (0.000829) | 0.589858 / 0.226044 (0.363814) | 5.873488 / 2.268929 (3.604559) | 3.241810 / 55.444624 (-52.202814) | 2.789831 / 6.876477 (-4.086645) | 3.008989 / 2.142072 (0.866917) | 0.679624 / 4.805227 (-4.125603) | 0.150868 / 6.500664 (-6.349796) | 0.068581 / 0.075469 (-0.006889) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.582955 / 1.841788 (-0.258833) | 22.684969 / 8.074308 (14.610661) | 16.829855 / 10.191392 (6.638463) | 0.201599 / 0.680424 (-0.478825) | 0.023261 / 0.534201 (-0.510940) | 0.465009 / 0.579283 (-0.114274) | 0.497701 / 0.434364 (0.063337) | 0.557822 / 0.540337 (0.017485) | 0.803234 / 1.386936 (-0.583702) |

![](https://cml.dev/watermark.png#9241c1070b5c9021705c17b12548b6fea75782d8 "CML watermark")

Show benchmarks

PyArrow==8.0.0

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.008866 / 0.011353 (-0.002487) | 0.005910 / 0.011008 (-0.005098) | 0.099916 / 0.038508 (0.061408) | 0.085787 / 0.023109 (0.062678) | 0.391028 / 0.275898 (0.115130) | 0.412689 / 0.323480 (0.089209) | 0.006527 / 0.007986 (-0.001459) | 0.004629 / 0.004328 (0.000301) | 0.084627 / 0.004250 (0.080377) | 0.063404 / 0.037052 (0.026352) | 0.408923 / 0.258489 (0.150434) | 0.437130 / 0.293841 (0.143289) | 0.050256 / 0.128546 (-0.078290) | 0.013914 / 0.075646 (-0.061732) | 0.350893 / 0.419271 (-0.068379) | 0.067931 / 0.043533 (0.024398) | 0.383807 / 0.255139 (0.128668) | 0.424150 / 0.283200 (0.140950) | 0.039978 / 0.141683 (-0.101705) | 1.697631 / 1.452155 (0.245476) | 1.925568 / 1.492716 (0.432851) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.315417 / 0.018006 (0.297410) | 0.607050 / 0.000490 (0.606560) | 0.017314 / 0.000200 (0.017114) | 0.000514 / 0.000054 (0.000459) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.032994 / 0.037411 (-0.004417) | 0.103993 / 0.014526 (0.089467) | 0.125369 / 0.176557 (-0.051187) | 0.185984 / 0.737135 (-0.551151) | 0.139192 / 0.296338 (-0.157146) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.639769 / 0.215209 (0.424560) | 6.236187 / 2.077655 (4.158532) | 2.775777 / 1.504120 (1.271657) | 2.599683 / 1.541195 (1.058488) | 2.780064 / 1.468490 (1.311574) | 1.107247 / 4.584777 (-3.477530) | 5.724223 / 3.745712 (1.978511) | 5.284786 / 5.269862 (0.014925) | 3.342465 / 4.565676 (-1.223211) | 0.107685 / 0.424275 (-0.316590) | 0.009237 / 0.007607 (0.001630) | 0.760282 / 0.226044 (0.534238) | 7.570859 / 2.268929 (5.301930) | 3.572498 / 55.444624 (-51.872126) | 2.997482 / 6.876477 (-3.878995) | 2.910001 / 2.142072 (0.767929) | 1.249272 / 4.805227 (-3.555955) | 0.229425 / 6.500664 (-6.271239) | 0.091974 / 0.075469 (0.016505) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.663859 / 1.841788 (-0.177929) | 25.283961 / 8.074308 (17.209653) | 20.793389 / 10.191392 (10.601997) | 0.239263 / 0.680424 (-0.441161) | 0.028808 / 0.534201 (-0.505393) | 0.521045 / 0.579283 (-0.058238) | 0.602451 / 0.434364 (0.168087) | 0.544536 / 0.540337 (0.004198) | 0.819732 / 1.386936 (-0.567204) |

PyArrow==latest

Show updated benchmarks!

### Benchmark: benchmark_array_xd.json

| metric | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_array2d | read_batch_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_batch_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_array2d | read_col_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_col_unformated after write_nested_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_array2d | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_flattened_sequence | read_formatted_as_numpy after write_nested_sequence | read_unformated after write_array2d | read_unformated after write_flattened_sequence | read_unformated after write_nested_sequence | write_array2d | write_flattened_sequence | write_nested_sequence |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.008970 / 0.011353 (-0.002383) | 0.009663 / 0.011008 (-0.001345) | 0.083471 / 0.038508 (0.044963) | 0.090695 / 0.023109 (0.067585) | 0.562539 / 0.275898 (0.286641) | 0.572092 / 0.323480 (0.248612) | 0.007269 / 0.007986 (-0.000717) | 0.004664 / 0.004328 (0.000335) | 0.084212 / 0.004250 (0.079961) | 0.072716 / 0.037052 (0.035664) | 0.559810 / 0.258489 (0.301320) | 0.574296 / 0.293841 (0.280455) | 0.048555 / 0.128546 (-0.079991) | 0.015901 / 0.075646 (-0.059746) | 0.107815 / 0.419271 (-0.311456) | 0.065404 / 0.043533 (0.021871) | 0.544787 / 0.255139 (0.289648) | 0.586993 / 0.283200 (0.303794) | 0.042613 / 0.141683 (-0.099069) | 1.919266 / 1.452155 (0.467111) | 2.095189 / 1.492716 (0.602473) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_getitem\_100B.json

| metric | get_batch_of\_1024\_random_rows | get_batch_of\_1024\_rows | get_first_row | get_last_row |
|--------|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.298512 / 0.018006 (0.280506) | 0.597745 / 0.000490 (0.597256) | 0.008806 / 0.000200 (0.008606) | 0.000119 / 0.000054 (0.000064) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_indices_mapping.json

| metric | select | shard | shuffle | sort | train_test_split |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.039420 / 0.037411 (0.002009) | 0.111378 / 0.014526 (0.096852) | 0.136421 / 0.176557 (-0.040135) | 0.192006 / 0.737135 (-0.545129) | 0.130037 / 0.296338 (-0.166301) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_iterating.json

| metric | read 5000 | read 50000 | read_batch 50000 10 | read_batch 50000 100 | read_batch 50000 1000 | read_formatted numpy 5000 | read_formatted pandas 5000 | read_formatted tensorflow 5000 | read_formatted torch 5000 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 | shuffled read 5000 | shuffled read 50000 | shuffled read_batch 50000 10 | shuffled read_batch 50000 100 | shuffled read_batch 50000 1000 | shuffled read_formatted numpy 5000 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 10 | shuffled read_formatted_batch numpy 5000 1000 |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 0.679169 / 0.215209 (0.463960) | 6.750881 / 2.077655 (4.673226) | 3.220411 / 1.504120 (1.716291) | 2.851988 / 1.541195 (1.310794) | 2.974247 / 1.468490 (1.505757) | 0.892593 / 4.584777 (-3.692184) | 5.659975 / 3.745712 (1.914263) | 5.172641 / 5.269862 (-0.097220) | 3.308429 / 4.565676 (-1.257248) | 0.100580 / 0.424275 (-0.323695) | 0.009320 / 0.007607 (0.001713) | 0.833290 / 0.226044 (0.607245) | 8.091847 / 2.268929 (5.822918) | 4.023734 / 55.444624 (-51.420890) | 3.441583 / 6.876477 (-3.434894) | 3.763562 / 2.142072 (1.621489) | 1.055105 / 4.805227 (-3.750122) | 0.239218 / 6.500664 (-6.261446) | 0.081922 / 0.075469 (0.006453) |

### Benchmark: benchmark_map_filter.json

| metric | filter | map fast-tokenizer batched | map identity | map identity batched | map no-op batched | map no-op batched numpy | map no-op batched pandas | map no-op batched pytorch | map no-op batched tensorflow |
|--------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| new / old (diff) | 1.796495 / 1.841788 (-0.045293) | 25.942492 / 8.074308 (17.868184) | 23.211617 / 10.191392 (13.020225) | 0.256054 / 0.680424 (-0.424370) | 0.030491 / 0.534201 (-0.503710) | 0.520474 / 0.579283 (-0.058809) | 0.626331 / 0.434364 (0.191967) | 0.619897 / 0.540337 (0.079560) | 0.900833 / 1.386936 (-0.486103) |

![](https://cml.dev/watermark.png#e74f80255700c4b8cde383a426c4b2def6db1253 "CML watermark")

Reduces the number of commits in `push_to_hub` by using the `preupload` API from https://github.com/huggingface/huggingface_hub/pull/1699. Each commit contains a maximum of 50 uploaded files.

A shard's fingerprint no longer needs to be added as a suffix to support resuming an upload, meaning the shards' naming scheme is the same as the initial one.

Also, it adds support for the following params: `create_pr`, `commit_message` and `revision` (`branch` deprecated; unlike the previous implementation, this one creates a branch if the branch does not exist to be consistent with `transformers`).

(Nit) This implementation keeps the markdown section of the generated README.md empty to enable importing the card template (when the card is accessed on the Hub).

Fixes https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/issues/5492, fixes https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/issues/6257, fixes https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/issues/5045, fixes https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/issues/6271

TODO:
- [x] set the minimal version to the next `hfh` release (once it's published)