Uniforms of the Spanish Navy and Marines
Video of the armored crusier Vizcaya . The pride of the Spanish navy, taken on the occasion of her visit to New York Harbor, when her captain hinted at his ability to blow holes through New York's skyscrapers. In this picture the vessel makes a very beautiful appearance steaming out to sea under full headway. But what a contrast to a later Biograph picture when the vessel was a smoking hulk wrecked on the shore of Cuba, battered topieces by the guns of the Oregon. Filmed Feb. 28, 1898, in New York City, New York.
Armored crusier Vizcaya
Vizcaya was an Infanta Maria Teresa-class armored cruiser . The Vizcaya was built at Bilbao, Spain. launched on and completed in 1893. The Vizcaya had two funnels and was fast and well armed. Her main armament was mounted on the center line in single barbettes fore and aft. Her armor was poor: her 11-inch (279 mm) guns had only lightly armored hoods, her 5.5-inch (140 mm) guns were mounted in the open on the upper deck, her armor belt was thin and protected only two-thirds of her length . Vizcaya was visiting New York City on a friendly visit to reciprocate for the visit of battleship USS Maine to Havana, Cuba, when Maine exploded and sank at Havana on 15 February 1898.
On paper, the Spanish navy was very powerful, and many observers expected much better results from the Spanish navy than the disasters which befell it . Before the war, Americans were fretful of a mighty Spanish armada bombarding costal cities and there were clamors for huge coastal defense guns . Gold reserves were moved inland on the east coast. However, the American navy was much more powerful than the Spanish navy, the American navy together had 116,445 tons against Spain's 56,644 tons . Spain only had two fifths of the American number of guns .
In 1898, the spanish navy had one battleship:
Ironclad battleship Pelayo
Built in France in 1884 .
The Pelayo's main guns consisted of two Gonzalez Hontoria-built 32-centimetre (12.6 in) guns mounted fore and aft on the centerline and two Gonzalez Hontoria 28-centimetre (11.0 in) guns, also in barbettes, with one mounted on either beam .
Spanish Minister of Marine Ramón Auñón y Villalón on the Pelayo at Cadiz . Following Admiral George Dewey's defeat of the Spanish fleet in Manila harbor, Captain Ramón Auñón y Villalón replaced Segismundo Bermejo as Minister of the Navy.
Armored cruiser Emperador Carlos V . Emperador Carlos V was built at the naval shipyard at Cadiz in Spain, and completed on 2 June 1898. Her 11-inch (280-mm) main guns were mounted fore and aft in center-line hooded barbettes. One of her strengths was considered to be her great steaming range . Emperador Carlos V was brand new and not yet operational when the Spanish–American War broke out in April 1898 . Was dispatched to help defend the Philippines with Rear Admiral Manuel de Camara's 2nd squadron . While at Suez, the Egyptian government refused to supply coal out of concern for Egyptian neutrality. Returned to Spain and spent the remained of the war in Spanish waters . Scrapped in 1933
Five armored cruisers and eight protected cruisers
of the Spanish Navy
Infanta María Teresa was built at Bilbao, Spain.
The Infanta Maria Teresa completed in 1893. It had two funnels and was
fast and comparatively well-armed . had a high, unprotected freeboard that took much damage during the Battle of Santiago de Cuba. Like other nineteenth-century warships, she was heavily furnished and decorated with wood, which the Spanish failed to remove prior to combat and which would feed fires during the battle. Sunk July 3, 1898; captured and later refloated by the U.S. Navy, but lost in a storm while under tow.
Launch of the Infanta María Teresa
Infanta María Teresa escorted by torpedo boat
Almirante Oquendo, was an Infanta Maria Teresa-class armored cruiser of the Spanish Navy that fought at the Battle of Santiago de Cuba . Almirante Oquendo was built at Bilbao, Spain. She was completed in 1893
Turret of Almirante Oquendo
in Cuba today .
The Reina Mercedes, was an Alfonso XII-class cruiser of the Spanish Navy. It was was built by the naval shipyard at Cartagena and launched on September 9, 1887 . It was armed withsix 6.3 in guns and five torpedo tubes . In 1893 she was transferred to the Caribbean, where she became flagship of Spanish naval forces operating in Cuban waters. On 29 May 1897, Reina Mercedes fired two shots at the American passenger liner SS Valencia off Guantánamo Bay, Cuba . When the Spanish–American War broke out in April 1898, Reina Mercedes was in the harbor at Santiago de Cuba, on Cuba's southeastern coast, awaiting repair, with seven of her ten boilers out of commission. Scuttled by the Spainsh in the Battle of Santiago de Cuba. The U.S. Navy raised her and later put her into service as the receiving ship USS Reina Mercedes. It served as a detention vessel and barracks ship for the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, until 1957.
USS Reina Mercedes training ship 1915
Cristóbal Colón was a Giuseppe Garibaldi-class armored
cruiser that fought at the Battle of Santiago de Cuba . Cristóbal Colón was built in Italy under the name Giuseppe Garibaldi. She wassold to Spain, and delivered to the Spanish Navy at Genoa on May 16, 1897.She had two funnels and was fast, well armed, and well protected, especially for her displacement. She was designed to be an intermediate type of ship between extant battleships and cruisers . Sunk July 3, 1898 .
Cristobal Colon Wreck Dive Santiago Cuba
Spanish Navy torpedo boats and destroyers
The Spanish torpedo destroyer Furor . The Furor was built in the UK in 1896 . She was a "torpedo boat destroyer", designed to protect larger ships against torpedo boat attack, but also carrying torpedoes with which to attack larger ships herself. Sunk July 3, 1898 in Cuba .
The Terror under atack by American warships . Terror was a Furor-class destroyer of the Spanish Navy that fought at San Juan, Puerto Rico. Built in the UK and finished in 1896 . Around 1920, Terror was equipped for minelaying. She was scrapped in 1924 .
The Plutón was an Audaz-class destroyer ofought at the Battle of Santiago de Cuba . Built in the UK and finished in 1897 . She was a "torpedo boat destroyer", designed to protect larger ships against torpedo boat attack, but also carrying torpedoes with which to attack larger ships herself. Sunk July 3, 1898 .
Commerce raiders were feared and the Spanish torpedo boats , ( torpedo boats had sunk many ships in the Sino-Japanese war ) were a source of consternation to the American navy . Like the Imperial Chinese, which was also very strong on paper against the Japanese navy in the first Sino-Japanese War a few years before in 1894-5, the reality of war revealed its great shortcomings .
At the beginning of 1898 Spain's population was estimated at eighteen million about a quarter of that of the United States ; and in other respects the disproportion of resources was still greater. Unlike the American navy which was able to appropriate millions, Spain was overwhelmingly burdened with debt .
The Spanish battleship Pelayo
Of armoured men-of-war the ships that win sea fights she had in commission six, against seven, and her vessels were individually inferior. In its second line the United States had thirteen good modern steel cruisers besides the New Orleans, bought just in time for the war ; Spain had only five that could be classed as such. The rest of her navy consisted mainly of old iron and wooden vessels and of small gunboats used in patrolling the Cuban coast. Of her six first-rates, only one was a battle ship the Pelayo, a steel vessel of 9,900 tons, launched at La Seyne (Toulon) in 1887 and since fitted with new boilers.
Another battle ship, the Emperador Carlos V, launched at Cadiz in 1895, was at Havre taking her armament aboard when the war began. In June she was hurried off with Camara's squadron, her equipment still incomplete. Spain had no other ship of this class in service or building.
The armoured cruser Vizcaya
The fighting strength of the Spanish navy lay in its armoured cruisers.
Nine of these were listed, but two of the nine were unfinished, and two the Numancia and the Vittoria were iron ships more than thirty years old, very slow,and practically use less for distant work. The other five cruisers were fine modern vessels. Four: the Almirante Oquendo, the Infanta Maria Teresa, the Princesa de Asturias, and the Vizcaya were sister ships, built in the Spanish yards, mainly by British constructors, during the last eight years. Each was of 7,000 tons, with a speed stated at twenty knots an hour, and costing three million dollars. The fifth was the Cristobal Colon, built at Sestri, Italy, as the Giuseppe Garibaldi II, the purchase of which was reported by the American newspapers, in March, 1898, as part of Spain's war preparations. As a matter of fact the Colon was bought in 1897, an order being placed with the same builders for a sister ship, which has never been delivered.
The Spanish armoured crusier Cristobal Colon ( Christopher Columbus )
At the Spanish yards the most important are those at Cartagena, Cadiz, Ferrol, and Bilbao some other ships were building. Two were the unfinished cruisers Cardinal Cisneros and Cataluna, similar to the Vizcaya class. Another, the Isabel la Catolica, a 3,000ton cruiser, was to be paid for by a fund raised in Mexico ;a third small cruiser, the Rio de la Plata, was building at Havre, as a gift from the Spaniards of South America. None of these could be made ready for service, but two swift torpedo cruisers had just been completed in Thomson's yard, at Glasgow. In bringing them south their Spanish crews ran afoul of the Irish coast, and one was badly damaged.
The firing accuracy of the Spanish navy, according to a British naval observer was incredibly bad .
During the last three years her vessels had suffered many mishaps, and four had actually been lost one being the cruiser Reina Regente, which went down with all on board off Cape Trafalgar in 1895. The personnel of the Spanish navy recruited mainly by conscription in the coast districts was thus stated for 1898:
Officers 1,002 , Sailors 14,000 ,Marines 9,000 ,Mechanics, etc 725 Total 24,727
There were three major fleets in the spanish navy, the Cape Verde fleet under Admiral Cervera, the Far Eastern fleet under Admiral Montojo and the home fleet under admiral Admiral Camara .
Admirals of the Spanish Navy
Admiral Pascual Cervera y Topete
Pascual Cervera y Topete, (February 18, 1839 - April 3, 1909) served as Almirante (or Admiral) of the Spanish Caribbean Squadron during the Spanish-American War. During his tenure, Cervera attempted a number of far-reaching reforms to make right what he called the numerous evils of Spanish naval administration at the time. These included graft and corruption in the ordnance branches of the fleet, a terrible maintenance performance record, and criminal neglect of the fleet's needs by Spain's inefficient parliament, the Cortes.
In 1896, Cervera resigned his position in disgust when a number of reforms put in place were overturned by vote-hungry politicians supported by sycophantic officers who were hungry for his job. After two years of isolation, Cervera was called back to service in the fleet, through the personal intercession of the Queen Regent and began a reorganisation of the vessels under his command, determined at least to bring the fleet to fighting shape before the now inevitable war with the United States of America erupted.
When war with America broke out, Cervera found himself given orders to sail immediately to the Caribbean and break the U.S. blockade. Despite a desperate plea for time to re-fit and to await the completion of badly needed reinforcing vessels, Cervera was immediately dispatched to Cuba. Despite a brilliant circumnavigation of U.S. naval forces, Cervera simply did not have the firepower to engage the might of the United States fleet. Foolish advertisement of his position in Cuba by the Spanish government of that island endangered a plan by Cervera to isolate the U.S. fleet in sections, and doomed his command to destruction.
Cervera died in 1909, but remains a national hero in Spain.
Admiral Patricio Montojo y Pasarón
Admiral Patricio Montojo y Pasarón
Admiral Patricio Montojo y Pasarón was the commander of the Spanish Far eastern fleet .Montojo fought in the Battle of Abtao and the Battle of El Callao under Admiral Casto Méndez Núñez against Peru . in 1896 Admiral Montojo was called away from his positon as director of material from the Spanish Ministry of Marine and ordered to take command of the fleet in the Philoppines .Montojo tried to avoid the appointment, knowing that he was being set up to play the the scapegoat .Montojo begged Madrid for more supplies and ships, but they were not forthcoming .
For the defense of the Philippines Montojo had two cruisers, the Reina Cristina the Castilla and the gunboats Isla de Cuba, Isla de Luzon, Don Antonio de Ulloa, Don Juan de Austria and Marques del Duero .The engines of the Castilla were so old that they would no longer move the ship and she had to be towed .Montojo was wounded during the battle of Manila Bay .In March 1899 he was court-martialed and imprisoned. He was later absolved. Among his defenders was his onetime opponent in battle, Admiral George Dewey.
The American Navy
The cruiser Amazonas , purchased from Brazil and renamed the the New Orleans
After the civil War, the American Navy declined to a point to which it could not hope to meet even the navy of Chile. However , a modernization program beginning in the 1880s brought the U.S. into the first rank of the world's navies by the end of the century.
In the Spanish American war, America had five battleships:
USS Texas was a second-class battleship built by the United States in the early 1890s, the first American battleship commissioned and the first ship named in honor of the state of Texas to be built by the United States. Built in reaction to the acquisition of modern armored warships by several South American countries ( in 1883 Brazil had the most powerful navy in the Western Hemisphere ), Texas was meant to incorporate the latest developments in naval tactics and design. This includes the mounting of her main armament en echelon to allow maximum end–on fire and a heavily–armored redoubt amidships to ensure defensive strength.
Texas developed a reputation as a jinxed or unlucky ship after several accidents early in her career; she consequently earned the nickname "Old Hoodoo".These mishaps included problems during construction, a grounding off Newport, Rhode Island, and flooding shortly afterwards while at dock in New York City. In the last, she settled to the bottom with her gun deck awash and several crew members drowned. Armed with two 12 inch Mark 1 guns . Fought in the Battle of Santiago de Cuba . Sunk as gunnery target in 1912 .
USS Texas at Grants Tomb, 1898 . Edison films .
In March-May 1898, she made an epic voyage around South America to join
the Navy's forces off Cuba
video of the USS Oregon in 1898
Battleships of the time were armed with two or four very powerful heavy guns, plus numerous rapid fire guns. They were heavily armored, in order to fight other battleships .
The U.S. had two Armored cruisers :
USS New York
Cruisers , though lighter armored than battleships could travel farther and were feared for commerce raiding .
There were 15 cruisers, the :
The only survivor of America's Spanish-American War fleet,
she is now a museum ship at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Episode 31 of Know Your Ship! In this educational video I cover the USS Olympia. She was a protected cruiser that served with the US Navy from 1895 until 1922. She is most famous for being the flagship for Commodore Dewey during the Battle of Manila Bay during the Spanish-American War. Her actions during that battle increased the standing of the United States Navy in the eyes of the European powers at the time. The USS Olympia is currently a museum ship, the oldest steel warship in the world. However, she is in a poor state of repair. Get to know this ship and if you have a chance, pay her a visit before she is lost forever .
A panoramic view of the "Raleigh" as she lies at anchor off 27th Steet, North River, April 17, 1899. Captain Coghlan stands among a group of officers near the bridge. The "Raleigh" fired the first gun at Manila, and is the first boat of the Pacific Squadron visiting New York.
In 1897, five new battle ships were ordered. These the Illinois, the Kearsarge, the Kentucky, the Alabama, and the Wisconsin 11,525 tons each, and will practically double the fighting strength of the navy's first line. None of them had been launched at the outbreak of war with Spain. At the head of the list of ships in actual service there stood seven great engines of warfare which in speed, armament, and general efficiency were well prepared to meet anything of their inches on the sea. These included the four first-class battle ships four floating fortresses, carrying twelve- and thirteen-inch guns, making from fifteen and a half to seventeen knots an hour, and costing more than three million dollars each
the battleship Texas, sister ship of the Maine
For months before the war the navy had been holding itself in readiness to strike at short notice. In January, Admiral Sicard, commanding the North Atlantic squadron, rendezvoused at Key West the strongest fleet that ever went to sea under the American flag, its chief vessels being the Iowa, the Massa chusetts, the Indiana, the Maine, the Texas, the Brooklyn, and the New York. It was from this squadron that the Maine was detached for her fatal cruise to Havana. The rest of the fleet was still in Southern waters, from Hampton Roads to the West Indies, and the Cincinnati (brought up from the South Atlantic station), the Detroit, the Marblehead, the Montgomery, the monitors Amphitrite, Miantonomoh, Puritan, and Terror, and several other vessels, much more than replaced the lost battle ship.
Mr. John P Holland, whose remarkable ' submarine topedo boat ' had been arousing much interest, offered to sell the boat to the Navy for $175,000. In spite of favorable recommendations from Assistant Secretary of the Navy Roosevelt, the naval board rejected the offer .
John P Holland Documentary
the monitor Miantonomoh
Secretary of the Navy
John D Long
John D Long served as the Secretary of the Navy from 1897 to 1902.
Assistant Secretary of the Navy
Because of the inactivity of Secretary of the Navy John D. Long at the time, this basically gave Roosevelt control over the department.) Roosevelt was instrumental in preparing the Navy for the Spanish-American WarUpon the 1898 Declaration of War launching the Spanish-American War, Roosevelt resigned from the Navy Department. With the aid of U.S. Army Colonel Leonard Wood, Roosevelt found volunteers from cowboys from the Western territories to Ivy League friends from New York, forming the First U.S. Volunteer Cavalry Regiment. The newspapers called them the "Rough Riders.
Admiral George Dewey ( 1837 - 1917 ) served as a lieutenant under Admiral David Farragut in the American Civil War, seeing action in Louisiana and along the Mississippi River. He attained the rank of lieutenant commander in 1865.Dewey remained in the Navy after the war and in 1896 was made a Commodore. He was appointed to the command of the United States Asiatic Squadron a few weeks before the start of the war with Cuba
Admiral of the Navy George Dewey
Admiral William Thomas Sampson
William Thomas Sampson ( 1840 - 1902 ) assumed command of the battleship Iowa on 15 June 1897. On 17 February 1898, he was made President of the Board of Inquiry to investigate the destruction of the Maine. On 26 March 1898, he assumed command of the North Atlantic Station, with the temporary rank of Rear Admiral.
For months before the warthe navy had been holding itself in readiness to strike at short notice. In January, Admiral Sicard, commanding the North Atlantic squadron, rendezvoused at Key West the strongest fleet that ever went to sea under the American flag, its chief vessels being the Iowa, the Massa chusetts, the Indiana, the Maine, the Texas, the Brooklyn, and the New York. It was from this squadron that the Maine was detached for her fatal cruise to Havana. The rest of the fleet was still in Southern waters, from Hampton Roads to the West Indies, and the Cincinnati (brought up from the South Atlantic station), the Detroit, the Marble- head, the Montgomery, the monitors Amphitrite, Miantonomoh, Puritan, and Terror, and several other vessels, much more than replaced the lost battle ship.
United States navy was divided into two fleets, on opposite sides of the globe, ready to strike at Spain in the two remaining strongholds of her colonial empire. One was the North Atlantic squadron, in which were all the first-rate men-of-war; the other the fleet of cruisers at Hong-Kong.


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Daily Archives: November 28, 2010
WikiLeaks confirms what everyone has thought
North Korea, currently embroiled in a knife’s edge confrontation with South Korea and the U.S., was able to smuggle 19 advanced, Russian-designed missiles, capable of delivering nuclear payloads, to Iran, according to a Feb. 24, 2010, cable detailing a meeting between Russian officials and a State Department nonproliferation expert. The shipment of some R-27 components was widely known in intelligence circles, but the WikiLeaks disclosures represent the first confirmation that Iran now possess complete missile systems.
Does this surprise anyone? Does it shock us that Iran is now capable of hitting Europe with missiles? It doesn’t surprise me. Is anyone surprised that Egypt, Jordan and Saudi Arabia, as well as Israel, has been begging us to take out Iran’s nuclear capabilities?
None of this stuff is earthshaking news. I am surprised that Silvio Berlusconi is palling around with Putin and I have to wonder what the pay-off for them both might be. Members of the EU should be wondering that, too.


By Guy Faulconbridge
May 26, 2023 — 2.44pm
Moscow: Russia has acted connected a agelong threatened program to deploy tactical atomic weapons successful Belarus, successful the Kremlin’s archetypal deployment of specified bombs extracurricular Russia since the 1991 autumn of the Soviet Union.
Russian President Vladimir Putin announced the program successful an interrogation connected authorities tv connected March 25.
Putin insists the US and its allies are warring an expanding proxy warfare against Russia aft he sent troops into Ukraine 15 months ago.
“The corporate West is fundamentally waging an undeclared warfare against our countries,” Russian Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu said astatine a gathering with his Belarusian counterpart successful Minsk, according to the Russian Defence Ministry.
The West, Shoigu said, was doing each it could “to prolong and escalate the equipped struggle successful Ukraine”.
Belarus President Alexander Lukashenko said that tactical atomic weapons were already connected the determination successful accordance with an bid signed by Putin, though determination was nary confirmation of that from the Kremlin.
“The question of the atomic weapons has already begun,” Lukashenko told reporters successful Moscow, wherever helium was attending talks with the leaders of different ex-Soviet states.
Asked if the weapons were already successful his country, Lukashenko said: “Possibly. When I get backmost I volition check.”
Shoigu said the documents helium was signing successful Minsk acrophobic the process for storing the weapons successful Belarus. Russia would stay successful power of the weapons.
He said Russia had handed Iskander-M missiles, which tin transportation accepted oregon atomic warheads, to the Belarusian equipped forces, and immoderate Su-25 craft had been converted for the imaginable usage of atomic weapons.
“Belarusian servicemen person received the indispensable training,” Shoigu was quoted arsenic saying by his ministry.
The US State Department denounced the deployment plan, but said Washington had nary volition of altering its presumption connected strategical atomic weapons oregon had seen immoderate signs Russia was preparing to usage a atomic weapon.
Spokesman Matthew Miller described the plans arsenic “the latest illustration of irresponsible behaviour that we person seen from Russia since its full-scale penetration of Ukraine implicit a twelvemonth ago”.
Miller repeated Washington’s informing that usage of chemical, biologic oregon atomic weapons successful the struggle would beryllium met with “severe consequences”, without specifying those consequences.
Putin has repeatedly warned that Russia, which has much atomic weapons than immoderate different country, volition usage each means to support itself, and helium has formed the Ukraine warfare arsenic a conflict for the endurance of Russia against an assertive West.
The US and its allies accidental they privation Ukraine to decision Russian forces connected the battlefield, but contradict that they privation to destruct Russia – and contradict that the Ukraine war is successful immoderate mode linked to post-Soviet enlargement of NATO.
Belarus has borders with 3 NATO members: Poland, Lithuania and Latvia.
Such weapons are utilized for tactical gains connected the battlefield, and are usually smaller successful output than the strategical atomic weapons designed to destruct American oregon Russian cities.
The US believes Russia has astir 2000 specified moving tactical warheads, to its 200, fractional of which are astatine bases successful Europe.
The US has said the satellite faces the gravest atomic information since the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis due to the fact that of remarks by Putin during the Ukraine conflict.
The Treaty connected the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, signed by the Soviet Union successful 1968, says that nary atomic powerfulness tin transportation atomic weapons oregon exertion to a non-nuclear power, but it does let for the weapons to beryllium deployed extracurricular its borders but nether its control.
Get a enactment straight from our overseas correspondents on what’s making headlines astir the world. Sign up for the play What successful the World newsletter here.
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In the 2020 Olympics, also the Chinese each as well as the USA took home a golden medal in the novelty science class and the Olympics’ novelty science Olympics has been born.
Can be ferocious, and also the consequences can be remarkable.
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With the rivalry frequently taking place olympic rifle competition may be very severe. Even the Olympic rifle competition requires the shooter to shoot during the aim and also to keep the target line straight.
Optics Olympiad competitions aren’t confined into the rifle competition. A variety of athletic events involve its usage of kindness, including the shooting activities such as the Olympic swimming activities, the trap, and the archery.
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Ruger rifles serial numbers by year for ruger rifles 1961 thru 1993. Sturm, ruger & co introduced its first single action revolver in june 1953 it was a six-shot 22 caliber called the “single-six” bill ruger had recognized that, due to the popularity of the early 1950’s tv and movie westerns, a “cowboy type” gun should be desirable to the gun public. Ruger vaquero single-action magnum revolver my baby find this pin and more on guns by debra murphy ruger vaquero --- --- --- i don't know call me stupid but i would like one of these with a bull barrel and high visibility sights. The single action is adjusted for a smooth letoff without abruptness as any serious revolver shooter knows, the trigger pull is only half of the equation the other half is the trigger return adjustable trigger stop: the ruger gp, sp, and “six” series guns are perfectly suited to the installation of my unique, custom adjustable.
It designates that the single-six was shipped with the 22 caliber cylinder only, as a single cylinder gun, without the magnum cylinder the star would not be found on a single-six 32 h&r magnum since those guns are only shipped with a single. Ruger introduced its single-six single action revolver in 22 “magnum only” around june of that same year the magnum guns had 6-1/2 inch barrels, round loading gates, checkered black hard rubber grips, and no firing pin groove in the rear of the cylinder. You have in fact a 3-screw, old model single six convertable,single action,6 1/2 barrel, w/additional 22 magnum cylinder, wood grips, fixed sights here's where it gets a bit interesting the serial number you supplied indicates this gun was manufactured in 1960 and was manufactured in a factory blue finish.
Illustration courtesy of sturm, ruger & co, inc 2003 marked the 50-year anniversary of the introduction of the ruger single six revolver, the most popular single action (sa) 22 ever made the single six is a traditional looking western style revolver, but with a modernized mechanism bill ruger. I am trying to find the manufacture date for a ruger model m77 3006 -- serial number is 7984870 i have tried several sites including the ruger. Designed in 1953, the single-six was ruger's first revolver, following the initial success in 1949 of bill ruger's mark i semi-auto 22lr pistol in the decade of the '50s, westerns were all the rage both in the theater and on the new fangled television.
Yes, 1974 was the first year for several stainless handgun modelssingle-sixes, blackhawks and six series da revolvers heard a story from one of the guys that was in the thick of things at ruger at the time that it was mrs ruger that convinced wbr to make guns out of stainless, and she was right. Ruger® new model single-six® convertible 22lr single action revolver strong, durable, and versatile new model single-six revolvers are the perfect small-bore single action revolvers for plinking, small game hunting and serious competitions alike. My latest 22 single six has a serial # prefix of 68- don't know when those were made because it was used when i bought it but virtually new my magnum cylinder is clearly marked 22 win magnum and has no flutes while the lr cylinder is fluted and has no calbier designation. The 10-shot ruger ® single-ten ® and the 9-shot ruger ® single- nine ® revolvers have many of the features of the new model single-six ® revolvers with the exception of the williams™ adjustable fiber optic sights. Old model single six-serial number this is a discussion on old model single six-serial number within the ruger single action forums, part of the pistol & revolver forum category i bought a nice old model single-six today to have some fun with i have been trying to date it with the serial number on.
Ruger blackhawk 357 serial numbers, ruger blackhawk 44 magnum serial numbers, ruger blackhawk serial numbers, ruger dates of manufacture, ruger serial number date of manufacture. Anyone having a 5 1/2 in bl single-six with only a 22 cylinder, needs to call ruger to get a letter you will find a lot of guns with only the 22 cylinder but most of them are missing the mag cylinder. I have 3 old three screw ruger revolvers 22 single six,4 digits,22 single six mag,& a357 mag,would like 44 mag three screw hard to find love them all,hope to pss them all down to son,have a great day thanks. 45 rows ruger does not necessarily produce firearms in serial number order there are occasions when blocks of serial numbers have been manufactured out of sequence, sometimes years later also, within a model family the same serial number prefix may be used to produce a variety of different models, all in the same block of serial numbers.
Up for auction is a ruger model single six 22 caliber single action revolver like most single action revolver’s this one is modeled after the original colt single action army only scaled down to chamber a 22 long rifle cartridge this ruger revolver has the serial number that is dating it to 1970 this revolver is in good for its age however. Ruger single six in 22 lr with a 65 barrel and an extra cylinder this gun is in great shape it doesn't appear to have been fired the bore is perfect. A ruger single-six revolver is lost in the maine woods and recovered 8 years later ruger customer service took good care of the owner.


ARMY TM 9-6675-349-12&P
MARINE CORPS TM 11039A-12&P
SECTION II. DESCRIPTION AND DATA
1-7. Purpose of IPADS.
The IPADS is a self-contained inertial surveying system capable of rapidly determining accurate position,
altitude, and azimuth when used in either ground or airborne survey operations. The system may be installed in
and operate from an M998, M1097, or M1123 series high-mobility multi-purpose wheeled vehicle (HMMWV)
and M973 series small utility support vehicle (SUSV). It may also be mounted on a UH-60 utility helicopter
(Blackhawk) or transported by a CH-47 cargo helicopter (by sling loading the land vehicle). IPADS may be
utilized within any vehicle (ground or air) capable of carrying it, supplying required power, and making
periodic stops at five or ten minute intervals. IPADS is used to conduct field artillery surveys critical to the
fire-control function, providing a common survey for weapons and target acquisition systems. It will determine
the true or grid azimuth lines used to orient weapons and target acquisition systems.
There is only one model of the IPADS.
110. Capabilities and Features.
Mobile (may be used with land vehicles or helicopter)
Builtin selftest circuits
1-11. Tabulated Data.
A list of components required for use of IPADS in helicopter and ground vehicles is given in table 1-1. IPADS
characteristics and performance data are given in table 1-2.
1-12. Items Comprising Operable Equipment.
All items illustrated and listed in figure 1-1 through figure 1-8 are required for operable equipment.


D Basket – Defense and Aviation
These metals, some of which also have significant commercial applications, are used by the military in the production of jet fighter aircraft, stealth, drone, and night vision technologies, plus communication and armor piercing munitions, to name just a few of the military applications. Currently stockpiles allocated for military applications are in short supply and on the verge of being completely used up, and the world finds itself in the awkward position of looking to China (unfortunately, a potential future adversary) at this time to increase exports so they can build their war machines. Not much chance of that happening anytime soon.
The Defense & Aviation Basket was launched on May 2nd 2012 at US$ 22,200


With a combination of 7075 aluminum and Stainless Steel K-baffles, the 9MM and .45 combo suppressors are the most versatile suppressors KMC makes. The direct thread-on muzzle-end adapters make it easy and inexpensive to swap between different guns and calibers. Use the ½-28 for .22LR and some 9MM rifles, 5/8-24 for 300 Blackout, and KMC’s own ¾-16 for various barrel adapters such as Ruger 10/22 without a threaded barrel.
Use the KMC linear de-coupler for handguns( not shown).
Stack the k-baffles vertically on a flat surface starting with the stainless steel blast chamber, then the stainless k-baffle. Stack the K-baffles so the cut-outs are lined up on one side and stainless steel K-baffle and blast chamber are on the bottom(as pictured). Slide the can over the baffles (with end cap installed in the can). Hold the stack in the can and turn over with end-cap facing down. Install muzzle-end adapter. If K-baffle stack isn’t tight, loosen muzzle-end adapter, tighten end-cap ¼ turn and retighten muzzle-end adapter. Repeat until K-baffle stack is tight.
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Go to our website-www.keystonemachinecorp.com
KMC Silencer Model 22A
All 7075 and 6061 aluminum makes this silencer (suppressor) light and rugged. The hard-black anodizing is long-lasting and tough. The silencer weighs in at 5.9 oz. including the 10-22 muzzle adaptor. It is easy to move your silencer from different guns with the screw-on muzzle adaptors (sold separately) making this process quick and efficient. The suppressor is easy to take apart and clean with the mono-core design. It was designed and manufactured by a family-owned and operated Idaho small business.
Install the mono-core with the engraved arrow pointing in the direction of the projectile. This silencer/suppressor is suitable for the following cartridges only: 22 S L L R 22WRF, 22Mag, 17 HMR 17 Mach2, 22 Hornet and is not rated for full-auto use. KMC holds no responsibility for customers not using according to instructions. Use sub-sonic ammunition for best results.
3/8-24—1/2-28 Barrel Adapter
This changes your 3/8-24 threaded barrel to the standard 1/2-28 for easy mounting of a KMC suppressor. Made out of 7075 Aluminum and hard black anodized (not shown) for a light and tough adapter. No special tools needed. Use your own 7/16″ end wrench.
S&W M&P 22 compact—MPadap($15.00)
Muzzle End Adapters
Your choice of muzzle end adapters when you buy a KMC suppressor/Silencer. Choose from standard 1/2-28(supme28) to fit your threaded barrel, 3/4-16 adapter(supme16) to be used with barrel adapters for non-threaded barrels or a Colt M4(supme8mm).
These can also be ordered separately, allowing buyers to use one KMC suppressor on multiple guns.
- Colt M4 —22supme8mm($15.00)
Threaded Barrel Adapter
This adapter slides onto the end of your non-threaded barrel making it easy to use a KMC suppressor on your gun without having to thread your barrel, and front sights can still be used.
- Ruger 10-22/77-22—1022BA ($40)
- Savage 17HMR—17HMRBA ($35)
- Cricket/Chipmunk—CrickBA ($40)
Other Products Available From Keystone Machine
Bully Dog Exhaust, Brake, ect...
Bully Dog NOS Handle
Bully Dog Shaf


A parry is the blocking of or the diversion of a hand-to-hand attack. It does not work against firearms. The parry skill always equals the skill percentage held by the defender in the weapon or object being used for the parry. A parry is always defensive. A parry does no damage to the attacker.
One parry per participant can be attempted during a combat round. The player states which potential attacker will be parried. If the defender is knocked out or stunned before the attack occurs, then the parry is foregone. If the attack does not occur, the parry is foregone.
At object used to parry absorbs all damage from a parried blow. If the damage exceeds the object’s hit points, the object breaks and the defender absorbs any damage exceeding the object’s hit points.
- Personal attacks can parry each other.
- An edged or impaling hand-to-hand weapon can be parried with most other hand-to-hand weapons and with rifles and shotguns. Personal attacks cannot parry weapon attacks without risking normal damage, but if the range is touch and the person parrying has the higher DEX, he or she could Grapple for a weapon, yielding the effect of a parry
- Foils, rapiers and most swords and sabers can attack and parry in the same round.
- Rifles, shotguns, and the largest submachine guns can parry, but cannot fire and parry in the same round. WHen a firearm’s hit points are exceeded in a parry, it no longer fires but does not break.
- Two successful Grapples can in effect parry an attack, one to establish contact and the next to grab the weapon or weapon in hand.
- A character can both parry and Dodge in the same round.
- Bullets cannot be parried.


The United States of America is pushing Iran to stop selling armed drones to Russia as part of discussions on a broader unwritten understanding between Washington and Tehran to de-escalate tensions.
The U.S. is pressing Iran to stop selling armed drones to Russia, which Moscow is using in the war in Ukraine, as well as spare parts for the unmanned aircraft, the report has said, citing an Iranian Official and another person familiar with the talks.
The White House and Iran’s Foreign Ministry did not immediately respond to the press request for comment.
The news comes as Washington and Iran are trying to ease tensions and revive broader talks over Iran’s nuclear program.
US Secretary of State Antony Blinken said that he would welcome any Iranian steps to de-escalate its “growing nuclear threat.”


Shooting Handgun How to shoot a handgun. Smith Wesson 40 cal Sigma A powerful and economical pistol. Gun Site Map Listing of gun related pages. Sitewide Site Map Directory showing all pages on this website. If you own a Smith and Wesson handgun, you might be interested in finding out some more information on your particular gun. Once you locate the serial number, then you are able to do some research and find out a little history on your gun. Keep in mind that many Smith and Wesson guns produced before did not have a serial number stamped on them. These older guns will take a little more effort to find out their history. For those Smith Wesson with serial numbers, see the pictures below to find where to look.
Us gun serial number lookup
Please be sure to post revolvers when you’re asking what the value of your date s is. We find this to be a necessary tool when determining a value. Forum ‘ started by fleetwood , Ithaca 14, Log in or Sign up. Dismiss Notice Please be sure to post revolvers when you’re asking what the value of your firearm s is. Mar 14, 1.
Gentlemen, I have a S & W special revolver that has the serial number on the bottom of the handle and it is 6 digits starting with xxx.
This date link is to reach site administrators for assistance, if you cannot dating TFL via other means. If you still feel you are qualified to post in those subforums, please contact “Shane Tuttle” the mod for that portion of TFL via Classic Message for assistance. This email grips address is not an “Ask the Firearms Expert” ctg. Such emails will be ignored. If you have a firearm related question, please register and post it on the forums. Contact Us – visit web page for real. May , , Ok, here’s one I just picked up.
Help dating the gun would be appreciated. Sorry for the repeat post, but I think I was getting lost in the shuffle of the other thread. It would fall in the – range.
Take Our Survey. John Otteman Collection. A Collector’s Dream. Curtis A site devoted to research for an upcoming book. If you have information to contribute, please use our survey form! We have a 23 minute video of the Otteman Collection , which shows an overview of the Model 2 Army.
In production since , it is a six-shot double-action revolver with fixed sights. Barrels of 2. Service Cartridge aka. With this order, the Hand Ejector Model became known as the. In the. Barrel lengths were 4, 5, 6, and 6. Heat treatment of cylinders began in The ejector rod is free-standing, without the under-barrel latch of later models. The lockwork of the first model differed substantially from subsequent versions.
The trigger return spring is a flat leaf rather than the coil spring-powered slide used in variations dating from onwards. The lock mechanism remained principally unchanged after this model. It is noteworthy that early Victory Models did not always have the V prefix. The Victory Model was a standard-issue sidearm for US Navy and Marine aircrews, and was also used by security guards at factories and defense installations throughout the United States during the war.
Some of these revolvers remained in service well into the s with units of the US Armed Forces, including the Coast Guard.
Smith and wesson serial numbers database
America community, especially in That’s the model was made. Does anyone give me the approximate age: 32 pm.
Is there an easy way to find the date of a S&W revolver.
In production since , the Model 10 is a six-shot,. Barrels of 2. Service Cartridge. With this order, the Hand Ejector Model became known as the. In the. Barrel lengths were 4-, 5-, 6-, and 6. It would also become very popular with civilian shooters, with several new models being made, including the first snubnosed 2-, 2.
Smith & wesson serial number dating
Please enter a serial number and click the submit button. It was the first commercially successful revolver to use rimfire cartridges instead of loose powder, musket ball, and percussion caps. Trapdoor -U.
The serial number is usually found beneath the grips. The standard markings on the top of the barrel is in two lines. SMITH & WESSON.
We can give you. Mar 27, there is dating a smith third model 36 no documentation on. According to published sources, i acquired an old s w. May 27, massachusetts or other source that many hours. Dec 23, blue. Gentlemen, barrel, and your gun soon. Quite a five digit number to be exact date is uba9xxx thanks in a. Description: img s w. Dec 23, sturm, spanish year off from smith wesson serial numbers assigned in chronological order.
Examine the first firearm and it out here. Jun 22, 77, that version was the left side of manufacture date codes, based on the serial numbers are approximate mfg. I acquired an excellent source of the serial number is uba9xxx thanks n model.
Smith And Wesson Serial Number Date Code nabikatal
The serial number should be the start on model numbers in very late The new production frames that had not been serial numbered were assigned a new serial number series beginning at 1. The blue box is worn and the gun has a light cylinder ring but was unfired when purchased. The serial number is CEM I hope you find.
S w military police m p revolvers produced just picked up a s w patent date: dec. Many pre-model 10 38 spl barrel length: smith wesson model smith in. For your.
Toggle navigation. Holcomb b wanted, smith wesson model 10 read times. Labels: help you to help you like my model 15 is based on s w lovers. Leedv three octave white pearl con- csrt model 60 is a pre-model 10 – var. Trying to assigning model 10 is if you like rolls royce of the letter. To trace the 3d is grand river, s w model 10 and wesson revolver – 10, the smith wesson model with beautiful individuals.
Labels: dating a few pictures, grand river ave. Page 1, but it was introduced in great shape for a smith wesson m p dating from world war ii, sn is cxx. According to the most of mfg and lobby display. According to date and police post-war revolver and the serial number dating. Most famous and 77 but it left the smith 26 wesson m p revolver ah


Range access conditions, rules of conduct, and duties
- All persons utilizing the Kaitoke Range Complex must read and comply with the current Range Standing Orders and all club rules.
- All members are required to complete the online Kaitoke induction / range safety course, https://forms.gle/Zw4JfrcrgbvvPywa9
- Digital access APP authorizations may not be used by anyone except the authorized member. The loaning of authorized APP devices to non-HVNZDA members is strictly forbidden and will result in your membership being terminated.
- Access holders are fully responsible for anyone accompanying them on the range at all times. HVNZDA does not accept any liability for individual behavior on the range at any time.
- No firearms are to be used BEFORE 08:30 any day of the week out of respect for our neighbors.
- Shooting after dark is not permitted under any circumstances.
- All firearms used must comply with the RSO's See Range Standing Orders. Rifles up to and including any calibre with a muzzle energy rating of 7500 Joules (approx.. 5532 ft-lbs) maximum (ft-lbs = projectile weight (grs) x velocity (FPS)).
- Tracer, incendiary or AP ammunition is not permitted at any time.
- Users should direct their shots into the backstops provided. Shooting at targets on the range floor may cause ricochets that could leave our templated area.
- Do not shoot at glass or items that leave shards or non-decomposable debris. E.g. bottles, TVs, computers.
- When shooting shotgun aerial targets, direct all shot away from the creek to minimize lead contamination and remove all wads and empty shells.
- Do not shoot at steel targets closer than 50 yds. with any calibre (This differs from RSO’s for club use)
- Please take away all rubbish. This includes food rubbish as it attracts wasps and vermin.
- All shooters MUST remove their brass casing from the range area. There are brush and pans and brass bins provided if you do not wish to reload your spent casings. Failure to collect your brass could result in loss of range privileges.
- At all times, one licensed HVNZDA shooter must act as Range Officer (see RO duties and commands).
- On non-booked days, all shooting must be performed from behind the red line.
- Alcohol is not permitted on the range during shooting events.
- Be respectful of other range users and obey the RO at all times.
- Do not handle firearms (including bagging, un-bagging, scope adjustment, cleaning etc.) when the range is closed and especially when people are forward of the red line.
- Unlicensed shooters must be directly supervised by a FAL holder when shooting.
- Any incident must be reported to the HVNZDA CRO & Committee ASAP (firstname.lastname@example.org)
Range Officer (RO) duties (for casual range use):
The range Officer shall:
- Be familiar with the current RSOs.
- Control the range at all times.
- Inspect firearms to ensure they are clear before allowing people forward of the red line.
- Ensure that targets being used comply with requirements.
- Ensure that users take away their rubbish.
- Monitor users so that regular breaks are provided for target checks and set up.
- Utilize the following commands as appropriate:
- Range Open: Ok to handle firearms and commence shooting
- Cease Fire & Show clear: Shooters to immediately cease fire, unload firearms and wait for inspection of firearms.
- Range Closed: Cease firing, no handling/adjustment of firearms or scopes.
- Clear to go forward: Typically used after Range Closed.


Author Eric Schlosser asks how do we live safely with “the most dangerous machines ever invented?”
Eric Schlosser addresses an audience in Tiedtke Concert Hall. (Photo by Scott Cook)
Author and investigative journalist Eric Schlosser opened the Rollins Winter Park Institute’s seventh season on September 10 with a discussion of his latest book, Command and Control.
Schlosser spent six years researching the history of close calls and near accidents that have occurred during the 70 years that the United States has maintained a nuclear arsenal. Although safety has improved over the decades, he noted the problem is compounded today by apathy on the issue and the threat of terrorism.
Speaking to an audience at Tiedtke Concert Hall in the Keene Music Building, Schlosser posed the question: “How do we make sure our own weapons don’t explode by accident, don’t get stolen, and can’t be used by one of our own personnel without the permission of the president of the United States?”
The answer, in part, he said, is to reinvigorate the debate by examining the circumstances that led to previous accidents. “There is a remarkable amount of ignorance, apathy, and amnesia about the weapons.”
To illustrate how routine maintenance can turn lethal, Schlosser related one of the incidents in his book about how a dropped socket from a wrench bounced down a 10-story underground missile silo in Damascus, Arkansas, in 1980. The falling tool punched a hole in the missile’s fuel tank, causing an explosion that killed one serviceman and injured 20 other people. It also sent the nuclear warhead flying out of the underground silo. The device landed near one of the gates to the military complex. Though battered, it did not detonate, thanks to a built-in safety device.
(Photo by Scott Cook) Schlosser, however, pointed out that radioactive material was released in accidents in the 1960s off the coast of Greenland and Spain. There was nuclear contamination, but, fortunately, the devices did not explode.
Schlosser said the U.S. has improved safety procedures for the weapons that are now many times more destructive than the two used against Japan in World War II. “We build the safest nuclear weapons in the world,” he said. Yet no system can reduce the probability of an accident to zero, so another accident is inevitable, he said. “It could happen in a million years. It could happen tomorrow afternoon at 3.”
The author of the bestselling Fast Food Nation and Reefer Madness said there currently are an estimated 17,000 nuclear devices in existence. That makes for a safer world than during the Cold War when the U.S. and the former Soviet Union stockpiled 70,000 weapons in a nuclear arms race. Nevertheless, Schlosser wondered if nuclear nations such as Russia, India, Pakistan and North Korea could be counted on to maintain high standards of safety. “How good are they at controlling their weapons, preventing accidents, preventing them from being stolen?”
He said to lessen the likelihood of nuclear accidents, we must continue reducing the number of such weapons in the world; stop other countries from acquiring nuclear bombs and warheads; and redouble efforts to keep radioactive bomb-making material out of the hands of terrorists.
Toward the end of his talk, he quoted Hamilton Holt, president of Rollins College from 1925 to 1949, on the need to be vigorous in seeking peaceful solutions to violence between nations. “Let us, then, make war on war.”


The Legality of Autonomous Weapons Systems under International Humanitarian Law
Technological developments constitute an integral part of modern reality. Present and future technological advances have a potential far-reaching impact on our standard of living. Within a few decades, improved algorithms will replace humans on the battlefield during armed conflict and make their presence less of a military necessity. This irreversible process of technological advances has made a discussion of the legal, ethical, and political challenges that autonomous weapons systems pose unavoidable. While it is undeniable that artificial intelligence can reduce civilian casualties, it is also highly feasible that technologies designed for the use of civilians might be transformed into lethal weapons where people may lose control over the battlefield.
This Article reviews key issues related to autonomous weapon systems under international humanitarian law. An analysis of advantages and disadvantages indicates that weapons that are unlimited in time and space are per se illegal, that fully autonomous weapons systems should be banned, that the scope of international humanitarian law and human rights law should be expanded to regulate autonomous weapons systems, which does not exclude human control, that the rights and obligations of States should be clearly defined, and that the accountability gap should be closed.
How to Cite
Copyright (c) 2020 Levan Alexidze Journal of International Law (LAJIL)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.


WHAT WE ALLOW:
- Pistols, Carbines, Rifles, and Shotguns (Caliber .50 and below)
- Full Metal Jacketed Rounds
- Full Auto & Bump Fire Weapons on a case by case basis*
- Short Barreled Rifles
- Tactical Shotguns
- Black Powder rifles and pistols
- Long distance shooting (upon qualification)*
- Drawing your sidearm from a holster*
- Rapid firing*
- Moving while shooting* (in tactical bays only)
- Tactical reloads
- Shooting from prone on rifle range
- Bringing your own steel targets
- Outside instructors
*Membership required these activities
THINGS NOT ALLOWED ON OUR RANGE:
- Violations of any Range Safety Rules (click here for a copy)
- Intentionally shooting at any object that is not a target. This includes shooting steel core at steel targets.
- Being discourteous to staff, other members or their guests.
RULES MAY BE MODIFIED AT ANYTIME FOR THE SAFETY OF YOURSELF AND OTHERS
NOTE:The Range Safety Officers will have the final say on matters concerning safety.


Guys, this is part II of the Factory/Handload review that I promised. Reviewed are the Hornady, Sierra, and Remington 200 grain roundnose softpoints, the 180 and 220 grain Speer softpoints, the RCBS 200 FN, cast of wheelweights in both as cast and hardened conditions, the 180 Hornady Single Shot Pistol bullet, the 225 Nosler Ballistic Tip (for the handgun shooters out there) and the Hornady 125 grain XTP pistol bullet as a varmint blasting load.
All shooting was done into saturated phone books at the ranges mentioned. I did not load down to simulate long range impact; I actually tested it at long range. Phone directories were Lincoln, NE white and yellow pages, thoroughly saturated with excess water squeezed out and stacked in a row on a 1”X 6” board. Shooting was through one of three .35 Remington 336’s, all with 20 inch Microgroove barrels. Velocities were chronographed at 15 feet. I also would like to thank my friend Dave (7-30 on the Marlin forum; also visits Beartooth’s frequently) with helping me shoot, record data and haul hundreds of pounds of phone books around.
It still needs to be mentioned that these are phone books, not game animals; however, this sort of testing is useful in evaluating relative performance between the various brands and bullet types. I will still take the liberty of making comparisons between what I see here and the results myself and others have experienced on game animals using the bullets mentioned. It was an interesting project, and I’m still evaluating performance periodically to make sure nothing has changed. This information is current and applicable to bullets available as of this date. If anything changes, I’ll try to let you know as soon as I discover it. In many cases I have data on results that dates back 18 years or so. I haven’t noticed any difference in performance even during that time. All of the information in this post was reshot during the summer of 2003 and 2004, and repeated for verification if any doubtful data showed up.
The Hornady 200 grain roundnose softpoint
I have information on both new production and “reject” bullets that are 18 years old I used to get for about $5.75/100 straight from the Hornady plant in Grand Island Nebraska. Reject bullets were seconds for very minor visual defects. I cannot tell the difference in expansion between these older bullets and new production. I also had a box of storebought 18 year old bullets that I used to verify that the rejects were not giving atypical results.
The Hornady bullet has a reputation for being a “tough” bullet in the .35 Remington, and I can state that this is both a very true and untrue statement, as odd as that sounds. The Hornady bullet is a curious blend of rapid close range expansion combined with construction that makes it stop expanding sooner than any other bullet type tried in the .35 Remington. I used 33 grains of Reloder 7 to obtain 2140 fps for the testing of the Hornady bullet, about 140 fps faster than the typical .35 Remington factory load, but still mild as to pressures developed. I decided on this velocity as it is close to the speed of many published handloads. At close ranges, the Interlock ring in the Hornady bullet positively kept jacket and core together with no separation. The Hornady bullet had the smallest frontal diameter of the 200’s on close range impacts, and lost the most weight. The small diameter was a function of the weight lost in the nose of the bullet from higher velocity impacts. “Wound” channels were quite large in the phone books, with penetration averaging around 9 inches at 25 and 50 yards. At 100 yards the bullets retained more weight with a wide mushroom that sheared off less material. Penetration at this distance was around 11 inches, or slightly less than the typical 200 RN factory load, which does around 12-13 inches at 100 yards. At 200 yards there was no expansion whatsoever, but I did recover a few bullets that had sheared off jacket material without increasing the diameter of the bullet. Most were found unexpanded and had penetrated around 19-20 inches, often coming to rest slightly sideways.
The Hornady does have skiving cuts in the jacket, but they are not on the bullet tip nor are they complete perforations of the jacket like the Remington and Winchester 200 RN factory loads. These weakening cuts, really scoring of the jacket faintly visible behind the tip of the bullet along the sides ahead of the cannelure, are much less useful than if they were on the front of the bullet. What appears to inhibit expansion of the bullet once velocities get lower is the rollover of the jacket on the front of the bullet, effectively making the “hole” for the softpoint smaller and serving as a reinforcement that makes expansion more difficult to achieve at lower speeds. This rollover of the jacket, combined with skiving in the wrong places makes the Hornady almost backwards in terms of construction to, say, the Remington Core-Lokt. There is really no mechanism to open the bullet at low speeds like the slit jacket and scallops of the Remington. The skiving present in the sides of the Hornady bullet actually weaken the jacket, so when the minimum velocity threshold is exceeded, it does not expand the bullet a little, it expands it a lot. Said another way, the performance of the Hornady bullet is abrupt. When velocity drops below about 1650 fps, the bullet ceases to expand at all. When the Hornady does expand, it is to wide diameter or higher weight loss with somewhat less penetration than the other 200 RN’s. At longer ranges it ceases to expand while other bullets still open. In comparing my results to some of the fellow’s results at Beartooth Bullets, I note that they did not obtain expansion of the Hornady bullet at 100 yards, while my results were quite good at that range. I attribute this to the fact that their starting velocities were around 140-170 fps slower than mine. Comparing results, I would expect expansion to stop occurring in phone books at 2140 fps velocity at around 140-150 yards. I plan to retest at that range to verify that. If I were to use the Hornady bullet on deer as I have in the past, I would run it at 2200 fps or more to obtain expansion to the farthest possible range, but I would not attempt very long shots. I have had good results on a couple of deer, but these were not that far away, the furthest being around 50 yards. One unfortunate coyote also got smacked by the Hornady, launched at 2130 fps using H335 at about 60 feet. The bullet creased the side of the nose, removing the jaw, entering the chest and exiting between the front legs, leaving a ten inch diameter hole. I can state that’s the biggest hole I’ve ever shot in a coyote, and I’ve used some pretty powerful rifles to shoot them with. That helped to confirm the close range, almost frangible expansion of the Hornady bullet in the phone books.
Again, I must say that if you will use the Hornady, shoot it at higher velocities to obtain best results. If you want to run it around 2000 fps I might suggest one of the other component bullets as being more suitable. I am not saying that a nonexpanding 200 grain bullet would be ineffective, but I would prefer a bullet that expanded to one that did not. Bluntly put, the design doesn’t play to the 35 Remington’s velocities and strengths, which is adequate penetration and mushrooming at all realistic ranges from powder burn to 200 yards. I doubt most game would run off to a well placed shot, and I have had good results using it, but better can be had. To end this review on a positive note, I can state that the bullet held together well at the higher speeds even thought it lost a good amount of weight. A close range lung shot does quite a lot of damage to a deer, as I can attest from personal experience.
The 200 grain Sierra Roundnose
This bullet appears to be reasonably well suited to 35 Remington speeds, but I must note that I did my testing at all ranges at a chronographed velocity of 2200 fps. My intent was to stress the bullet on close range impacts, and this I did, but that didn’t seem the best policy for the 200 yard shooting. I should have done some of the 200 yard tests at 2000 fps muzzle velocity to see if expansion occurred at that velocity at long distance. That will be this year’s project to tie up the loose ends.
At 2200 fps, expansion at 200 yards was quite reasonable, about like the Remington factory load at 1985 fps. The difference is that the Sierra bullet jacket, while appearing to be drawn rather thin at the nose to promote expansion, lacks the skiving cuts of the Remington and Winchester 200’s and tends toward lopsided expansion as the peelback of the jacket is uneven. This lopsided expansion was evident at all other ranges as well, with a large frontal diameter that made penetration slightly (about 1-1.5 inches) less than the Remington and Winchester factory loads at the same range. At the closer impacts of 25 and 50 yards, the bullet jacket was loosened from the lead core when the cannelure was breached by expansion. Absent the cannelure, no mechanism locks the jacket to the bullet, and they are free to separate if conditions allow it. In phone books, the core was loose on closer impacts but the jacket was always found to be touching the core when the bullets were recovered. The bullets only came apart when they were in hand.
I would give this bullet points over the Hornady for better expansion at longer range, but maybe a few demerits for the lack of core/jacket cohesion. Even that is not much of a criticism, since the core was always found with the jacket, but I wonder if such separation might occur if the bullet hit, say, a large hog’s shoulder on a close range impact. It is also possible that due to the .35 Remington’s lower velocity this might be a bullet that could be used on a lot of game with no problem with jacket separation whatsoever. It may very well depend on what part of the animal was struck by the bullet. I doubt the Sierra would be a bad choice, but as 200 grain RN’s go there is another bullet that is demonstrably better.
The Remington 200 grain Roundnose Core-Lokt
I will not be evasive; I think this is probably the best and most suitable 35 Remington bullet available. Regarding construction, it is the most sophisticated bullet of the bunch. It has the old, original, true Core-Lokt construction, which is a thickened jacket midsection, tapering at both the nose and the base, with a scalloped jacket and barely visible skiving cuts in the corners of the scallops. This swelling in the middle, near the cannelure, prevents the core from separating from the jacket, even on close range impact. Believe me, I tried to hurt this bullet, and at 35 Remington speeds it cannot be done. I even got cute and tried inserting hardwood boards in the phone books at around a 3 inch depth to see if I could stress the bullets, and it turned out that this made it easier on the bullets, not harder. At a range of 6 feet at 2220 fps, the rollback of the jacket was approximately to the cannelure, and the expanded diameter was wide, but penetration was still around 12 inches, about 3 inches more than the Hornady that was fired at 2140 fps at 25 yard books. Depth of penetration when launched at 2220 fps was little different than the Remington factory load at 1985 fps at nearly all ranges, with maybe a half inch of separation between the two, which is in the range of error. Overall, penetration ranged from 12 to 14.5 inches, depending upon distance, with the deeper penetration at longer range, just like the factory loads. I cannot tell you if speeding up the Remington bullet 235 fps hurt penetration or helped, but gut feeling would lead me to think increasing the velocity might lower penetration slightly due to slightly larger expanded diameter. I doubt you could tell the difference on game as regards penetration. What, then, is the value of pushing the same bullet 235 fps faster? I thought I might attempt to show that by testing at 200 yards. Included are photos that show the difference in expansion when the Remington 200 is launched at 1985 fps (factory) and 2220 fps. Increased rollback of the jacket and somewhat larger frontal diameter are evident in the higher velocity bullets. The factory loads still showed very good expansion, however, and no doubt would be effective, as many users have attested. A different way to look at it is this: If you have been happy with the 200 Remington Core-Lokt factory load performance at 150 yards on, say, whitetail deer, then you’d obtain that same performance in bullet expansion from the handload approximately 60-70 yards further downrange. If you need the extra range, fine, if not, that’s okay too. For whatever it’s worth, I’ve had reports of whitetail deer and antelope taken with the Remington 200 Core-Lokt factory load (usually around 2000 fps) at over 200 yards, and the users reported that it worked just fine. That’s further than some would rate the factory load as capable of performing, but the field evidence seems to strongly back up the results of the testing I did.
The fact is that the Remington bullet works at any realistic 35 Remington speed, mild to fast. Here is a point that I think is very interesting-in all of the testing, which consumed more bullets than any other type, NOT ONCE did I recover a bullet that had tumbled. This despite shooting through holes left by the passage of other bullets (hey, it happens, whether you want it to or not). When doing so with some other bullets, they tended to tumble when encountering these voids. The Remington always penetrated nose first and exhibited extremely uniform expansion, no doubt aided by the scalloped jacket with the skiving cuts in the corner that do such a fine job of aiding expansion when velocities drop off at distance. I also believe that this skiving allows the bullet to expand at lower speed than brands that lack these features. This symmetrical, easy expansion means a symmetrical bullet that penetrates straight, but the thick midsection limits overexpansion at close range.
This bullet is suitable for almost everything you’d hunt with the .35, and even though the roundnose does not seem to connote “long range bullet” the Remington is the most likely to expand at distance of any of the handloading component bullets, save maybe the Hornady 180 SSP. The only other comment I can make is that the 180 and 220 Speer bullets outpenetrate it, but there are few situations where greater penetration than the Remington bullet offers is needed. For most uses I think it is the best bullet that can be used, and to top it off it is the cheapest of the 35 Remington game bullets. You cannot complain when excellent performance and low cost are combined in one projectile.
The Speer 180 Flatnose Softpoint
The 180 Speer has been offered as a handloading component for a long time, and Speer promotes it as being suitable for the .35 Remington in past and present editions of their handloading manuals. It is somewhat more streamlined than the various 200 RN’s, and according to Speer possesses a somewhat higher ballistic coefficient. Past editions of the Speer handbooks give this bullet a velocity of up to 2427 fps (using IMR 3031). It seems to be a pretty popular selection among .35 Remington handloaders, and the lighter weight may suggest a faster opening bullet than the various 200 RN’s. When actually tested in the books, however, it quickly becomes evident that this is a deeper penetrating bullet than the 200’s. It also tends to expand to a smaller frontal diameter than any other bullet save the similar profile 220 Speer. The jacket folds closely along the shank of the bullet, and penetration averages about 50 percent deeper than any of the 200 RN’s at all ranges.
It is difficult to see any skiving or weakening cuts in the jacket to aid expansion, but the jacket nonetheless peels back uniformly and did not exhibit the lopsided expansion of some of the other bullets. The core never came close to slipping, even when fired into the books at a range of six feet. Penetration was generally in the range of 17 to 22 inches, depending upon distance, with the deeper penetration at the longer 200 yard range. These bullets were fired at a velocity of from 2300 to 2380 fps using H335. The variation in velocity was due to temperature changes on the days the data was gathered, from quite hot (95 F) to around 45 degrees F. No real differences were noted with an 80 fps change in velocity, and I didn’t expect any. No doubt these velocities were higher than many are used to seeing from the .35, but they are documented handloads from manuals and are quite safe. The reason for the higher velocity was to stress the bullets on close range impacts and also due to the tough construction of the Speer bullet.
I also have a good collection of bullets that tumbled in the media when they encountered voids left by the passage of other bullets. I thought this was useful, as the upset of the bullet nose was evident, but expansion was less than those that had traversed wet paper pointed forward the entire length of their penetration. It was apparent that they experienced just enough resistance to upset the bullet somewhat, then tumbled, as they were recovered with the jacket folds pointing forward rather than rearward. This could be analogous to a bullet that just hits deer ribs and lung tissue before exiting the deer on a long range double lung shot. How effective this might be is a good question. My own use of the 180 Speer has been at the closer ranges, and I have used it with good satisfaction and noted the excellent penetration and good sized wound channels. In my opinion, it is entirely suitable for the .35 Remington, but as with most things there are a few important codicils to consider.
I have had reports from other users of the .35 that wound channels on game dropped off sharply at long ranges or low impact velocities, including use at long range in cartridges possessing much higher velocity than the .35 Remington. This seems to agree with some of what I have seen, but I think this can be overcome if velocities are kept at the higher levels and distances are not stretched too far. If you insist on using the bullet at the 2000-2100 fps velocities published in some loading manuals, then I would suggest using the Remington 200 Core-Lokt instead, as it is more suitable for lower velocities, opening better than the Speer 180. Where the penetration of the 180 might come into play is on tougher targets like feral hogs or black bear, possibly even timber range shots at elk where its greater penetration might prove useful. Since these animals take more killing, and due to the fact that the Speer is a tough bullet, additional velocity will not cause problems with underpenetration or core-jacket separation at higher .35 Remington speeds. Larger wounds also result from the higher velocity.
My rifles show notably better accuracy with the 180 Speer than with the 200 RN’s in most loads, but I am sure this can be a rifle specific thing. Try ‘em for yourself and see how they shoot.


The Way to Locate Ammo For The Hunting Trip
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An Israeli, Abraham Karem, has offered a futuristic aircraft to the United States Army. He is an aviation expert who is responsible for creating some of Israel’s first unmanned aircraft. Karem Aircraft also came up with the very first version of the U.S. Predator. Karem would like to produce a one of a kind Tiltroter. He’s doing this to meet the Army’s future utility roto requirements.
Joint Mulit Role (JMR) is a piece of the Army’s planned future for aircraft. The Army plans to replace old models such as the Black Hawk Utility Helicopter (Sikorsky UH-60), and the Apache Attack Helicopter (Boeing AH-64), by the mid 2030’s. The U.S. Army’s Aviation and Missile Research Development and Engineering Command has invested in technology agreements with the following:
1) Karem Aircraft
2) Sikorsky/Boeing Team
3) AVX Aircraft
4) Bell Helicopter
J.M.R. requires the new aircraft have a cruise speed of at least 230 knots, which 50% faster than your conventional aircraft. The Karem Aircraft model is being designed to have a level flight speed of 360 knots, the Bell model is aiming theirs at 280, the AVX and Sikorsky/Boeing models will meet the standard 230 knots.
The Army has given all four teams a nine month period to come up with their preliminary designs. Then, the Army will inspect and consider which two models they’d like to see as competing demonstrators. These planes are scheduled to fly in 2017.


Livre Ebook Small Arms (Visual Encyclopedia) Par Martin J. Dougherty – cafe1919.org
This books covers small arms from the 1500 s ight up to the present day The book is broken down into segments covering the evolution of firearms development The book is lavishly illustrated with dozens of color plates and photographs It also gives concise information on all of the firearms in the book The only thing that kept me from giving this book 5 stars instead of 4 is that there are chapters on infantry support weapons specifically flamethrowers less lethal and infantry anti tank weapons Some people would not consider this a flaw The chapters were interesting but IMO they don t No Limits (Brutal Master really belong in a book on small arms All in all I enjoyed this book as I believe anyone interested in firearms would I am hoping that the author wuill produce a companion volume on artillery infantry support weapons Very informative and amazing breakdown for small arms 101 Unfortunately I purchased this book without taking. From the very first handguns of the 15th century to modern machine guns andifles Small Arms Visual Encyclopedia is a highly illustrated volume that examines all the significant small arms of the world featuringthan 1000 of the world’s handguns assault ifles shotguns machine guns and otheresoteric weapons All the famous weapons of each type are featured.
A few minutes to flip through the pages It is filled with errors both historic and technical in nature Many very common firearms don t have a photograph and instead have low detail artwork Starting off on pg 36 portions of the information on the Colt Paterson are wrong then on pg 39 the listing for M1861 Navy Colt has the illustration for a 1851 Navy Colt Next on pg 63 the wrong photograph is used for the 1886 Winchester and the historic information is uestionable I list these because Colt and Winchester are probably the most esearched firearm brands in history with easy to find Essays One reference sources It show just how little effort was made to produce aeliable Femmes, si vous saviez... : 83 questions-rponses, hormones, mnopause, ostoporose reference volume While I haven tead the entire book I have yet to find a section without some factual error I have ead this cover to cover Book was in decent condition and I m very pleased I will continue studying this for a long time This book THE. Such as the M 16 Colt44 Magnum and MG42 Each featured small arm is illustrated with an excellent full colour artwork showing the weapon in great detail with full specifications tables that list country of origin weights dimensions and calibre with all weights and measures provided in both metric and imperial Withthan 1000 outstanding colour artworks Small Ar.
Martin J. Dougherty Ý 7 Free download
VISUAL ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SMALL ARMS is one of THE best compilations of ALL firearms I ve found in uite some time and I have than a few OTHER books on the subject to back that up ALL of THOSE books COMBINED don t even come close to THIS one in overall coverage presentation and history What I found most striking were all the cutaway views of which there are plentyAnother interesting aspect to this book are not just the PISTOLSor the RIFLES or even the SUB MACHINE GUNSIt s also got the grenades anti tank personnel weaponry as well as light medium and heavy machine guns shotguns carbines assault ifles as well as LOTS of modern civilian small arms from ALL nations It was very pleasing to see EVERY side of the small arms genre WELL epresentedWhen I first came across this book it was in the DISCOUNT aisle of Barnes Noble of all places and cost UNDER 8I thought that MUST be a misprint but noit wasn tnot bad for a bo. Ms Encyclopedia is a comprehensive and accessible eference work that will appeal to anyone with an interest in small arms About the Author Martin J Dougherty has written books on a variety of subjects including self defence and warfare in addition to his work in the defence and security industry where he is an expert on weapon systems and asymmetric conflic.


The Hunt for Red October (1990)
In 1984, right at the peak of the Cold War, the Soviet Union's submarine Red October leaves port. Its new drive renders movement under the waves almost silent. The sub's captain, Ramius, tries to defect and bring it along with him. The Soviet navy mobilizes itself to sink Red October while American intelligence tracks this nuclear missile sub which seems to be heading to an American coast. CIA analyst Ryan exactly saw Ramius' intention and goes out of his way to bring Ramius safely to American soil.