Kamikaze japanese special attack weapons 19445 pdf
The Japanese army, fooled as to the attack's direction and timing, was overwhelmed in nine days of lightning assaults, panic, and massacre. More than 80,000 were killed, nearly 10 times the Soviet Union total. Some Japanese survivors fought until August 21, … Nuclear weapons technology was developed during the 1930s and 1940s. The first nuclear weapons were detonated over Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945. Since then, controlling the proliferation of nuclear weapons has been an important issue in international relations and the two detonations in Japan remained the only ever usage in warfare Freely downloadable at the Internet Archive, where I first uploaded it. United States Naval Photographic Center film #11742 National Archives description "1)... August 1945 August 7 BPUPKI renames itself to PPKI: Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia.. August 9 Sukarno, Hatta, and Radjiman Wediodiningrat are flown by the Japanese to Vietnam to meet with Marshal Terauchi. There they are informed of the collapse of Japanese forces, and that Japan will grant Indonesia independence on August 24. pdf kamikaze japanese special attack weapons 1944 45 book that you like you can get in libebooks.me, we reviewing about kamikaze japanese special attack weapons 1944 45 pdf books, kamikaze japanese special attack weapons 1944 45 pdf books are now available and you can download in libebooks.me. kamikaze japanese special attack weapons 1944 45 ... Called "Divine Wind" (Kamikaze), the special attack formations first saw action in 1944, and became the scourge of the US fleet in the battles for Iwo Jima and Okinawa in 1945. In view of the success of these attacks, the Japanese armed forces began to develop an entire range of new special attack weapons. Special-attack surface craft were to be utilized to the fullest extent. By July 1945, the Japanese had deployed an army at each of the three probable battlefronts-the Fifty-first Army at Kashima-nada; the Fifty-second Army at Kujukuri-hama; and the Fifty-third Army at Sagami Bay.
Thus, with the invasion of the Phillipines, the Japanese first formulated and implemented 'Special Attack' tactics in the form of suicide aircraft attacks: the kamikazes. In short order, Japan began applying the same doctrine in the creation of new weapons systems. Notable among these was the kaiten ("Turning of the Heavens") suicide submarine. Marine Corps University. 12/10/2020 With COVID-19 looming over the holiday season, many families have been forced to alter plans and, in some cases, stop their yearly traditions. One of the most popular traditions taking an operational pause this year is children getting the chance to visit with Santa and tell him all their hopes and dreams when it comes to what will be under the Christmas tree. It is 75 years since the US dropped an atomic bomb - the most powerful weapon ever used - on the Japanese city of Hiroshima in a secret plan they hoped would end World War Two. Robin L. Rielly Kamikaze Attacks of World War II a Complete History of Japanese Suicide Strikes on American Ships, By Aircraft and Other Means 2010 - Free ebook download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read book online for free.
Originally conceived in 1942 to attack U.S. coastal cities, the I-400 subs and their Seirans were central to an audacious, top-secret plan to stop the Allies’ Pacific advance by disguising the floatplane bombers with U.S. Army Air Forces insignia and attacking the Panama Canal. It was a desperate, Hail Mary–type mission to slow the American advance in the closing days of World War II. HMS Formidable shortly after suffering a kamikaze attack on 4 May 1945. The BPF departed Sydney on 28 June 1945 to join the US Third Fleet, under Admiral William Halsey. On 17 July the fleet went into action with air attacks and bombardments against targets on the Japanese mainland, and these operations continued for the succeeding weeks.
Called "Divine Wind” (Kamikaze), the special attack formations first saw action in 1944, and became the scourge of the US fleet in the battles for Iwo Jima and Okinawa in 1945. In view of the success of these attacks, the Japanese armed forces began to develop an entire range of new special attack weapons. The question has baffled foreign intelligence agencies for years, but a veteran Japanese expert on North Korea says the "dear leader" is actually dead - and his role is played by a double. The expert says Kim died of diabetes in 2003 and world leaders, including [Bush], Vladimir Putin of Russia and Hu Jintao of China, have been negotiating with ... On April 1, 1945, more than 60,000 soldiers and US Marines of the US Tenth Army stormed ashore at Okinawa, in the final island battle before an anticipated invasion of mainland Japan. After a largely unopposed initial advance, US forces soon encountered a network of Japanese inland defenses. Savage fighting erupted at the island’s southern end. There are a total of [ 39 ] WW2 Japanese Guns (1939-1945) entries in the Military Factory. Entries are listed below in alphanumeric order (1-to-Z). Flag images indicative of country of origin and not necessarily the primary operator. Weapons such as hand grenades … This book tells the story of Kazuo Odachi who—in 1943, when he was just 16 years-old—joined the Imperial Japanese Navy to become a pilot. A year later, he was unknowingly assigned to the Kamikaze Special Attack Corps—a group of airmen whose mission was to sacrifice their lives by crashing planes into enemy ships.
for response to any terrorist attack is one of the most serious weaknesses of our current response policies. 2. Nuclear weapons Nuclear explosives were ﬁrst used by the United States in 1945 to end World War II in the Paciﬁc. The 10-kilotons uranium weapon (60 pounds of enriched U-235) detonated at Totuși, kamikaze a fost cea mai comună și bine-cunoscută formă de atac sinucigaș de pe parcursul celui de-al Doilea Război Mondial, similare așa-numitelor atacurilor Banzai.Principala diferență dintre kamikaze și banzai este că suicidul este esențial pentru succesul atacului kamikaze în timp ce banzai are doar potențialul suicidal, atacatorul speră să supraviețuiască deși ... Grudgingly the formation of the Thunder Gods Corps was authorized and the way cleared for construction of special "sure hitting" attack craft. The first Japanese kamikaze and thunder gods offensives were soon to become a reality, and for the first time since 1942 Japanese pilots would be given the opportunity to regain the initiative, but at ... Kamikaze (Japonca: 神風, Japonca telaffuz: [kamiꜜkaze], lit. 'ilahi, kutsal rüzgâr') veya resmî ismiyle Şinpū Tokubetsu Kōgekitai (神風特別攻撃隊), II. Dünya Savaşı'nın sonlarına doğru Pasifik Cephesi'ndeki Japon İmparatorluğu'na bağlı savaş uçakları tarafından, Birleşik Devletler savaş gemilerini batırmak veya tahribat vermek için düzenlenmiş konvansiyonel ...
Impact of Japanese Kamikaze on the flight deck of the aircraft carrier U. S. S. Intrepid, November 25, 1944. The Japanese special attack force from Mabalacat in the Philippines sortied to strike this Essex class carrier and inflict considerable damage. Kamikaze pilots were taught to make the elevators on enemy carriers the chief target. SECTION I — Air: Camouflage of Enemy Aircraft; Antiaircraft: Missions of Army Fla (AA/AT) Battalion; Antitank: Siting of Antitank Weapons; Artillery: 20-mm Mountain Dual-Purpose Gun, Model 38, German 150-mm Infantry Gun on a Self-Propelled Mount; Chemical Warfare: Fake Gases; Engineers: Notes on Minefields in Egyptian Operations, Japanese Methods of Camouflage; Infantry: The Japanese Use of ... In this publication from eminent historian Peter C. Smith, we are regaled with the engaging and often incredibly disturbing history of the Kamikaze tradition in Japanese culture. Tracing its history right back to the original Divine Wind (major natural typhoons) that saved Japan from invaders in ancient history, Smith explores the subsequent ...
The main attack was usually focused on the weakest point in the enemy’s defense line, the secondary attack was carried out either while advancing or in a spread out fashion to draw away most of the enemy’s fire from the main attackers who would then go on to break through the enemy’s defense and perform their final assault. Shortening the war, saving American lives, and revenge are the main reasons he gave for using them. In his first public explanation (Aug. 6, 1945, just after Hiroshima was a-bombed), he said: "The Japanese began the war from the air at Pearl Harbor. They have been repaid many fold." ("Public Papers of the Presidents: Harry S Truman, 1945", pg ... The Japanese developed dozens, if not hundreds, of highly conceptual weapons during the war, including some that actually made it to the battlefield. Here are 11 you need to know about. G/O Media ... Radar: A Report on Science At War (15 August 1945) (11.1 MB PDF) U.S. Rocket Ordnance: Development And Use In World War II (31 MAR 1946) (15.9 MB PDF) Science in World War II Series (Office of Scientific Research and Development) New Weapons for Air Warfare: Fire-Control Equipment, Proximity Fuzes, and Guided Missiles (61% OCRed) At the beginning of the Second World War, the Japanese Navy (or, in the Japanese language, Nihon Kaigun, or even Teikoku Kaigun, the Imperial Navy) was arguably the most powerful navy in the world.Its naval aviation corps, consisting of 10 aircraft carriers and 1500 topnotch aviators, was the most highly trained and proficient force of its kind.
Most people in Western culture believe the word kamikaze was the name used by the Japanese military for pilots, but that is not true.Their correct name was tokubetsu kōgeki tai (特別攻撃隊), which literally means "special attack unit." This is usually abbreviated tokkōtai (特攻隊) in a shortened form. The suicide attacks made by Navy pilots were called shinpū tokubetsu kōgeki tai ... Kamikaze: Japanese Special Attack Weapons 1944-45 by Steven J. Zaloga Osprey Publishing, 2011, 48 pages. The Japanese military developed a wide variety of suicide weapons in 1944 and 1945 in a desperate attempt to stop the Allied advance toward the home islands. The use of Kamikaze pilots was one of the most dramatic and chilling developments of the Second World War. But who were the kamikaze pilots and what motivated them to give the ultimate sacrifice? Why was the practice initiated by the Japanese air force? This is the untold story of a remarkable development in military and world history. For this reason the Japanese emperor decided to form a special attack unit. 24 pilots volunteered for the mission.It was their task to crash into Allied ships and kill as many sailors as possible. The first kamikaze attack took place in October 1944. A Japanese plane flew straight into an Australian navy ship, killing 30 sailors.. The kamikaze attacks were successful at first. Subsequent atmospheric weapons tests. The atmospheric testing of some 545 nuclear weapons up to 1963 caused people to be exposed to radiation in a quite different way. The Japanese atomic bombs had caused lethal exposures locally from radiation at the time of the explosions, but very little radiation more than a few kilometres away. Model 52c Zeroes ready to take part in a kamikaze attack (early 1945).. Before the formation of kamikaze units, deliberate crashes had been used as a last resort when a pilot's plane was severely damaged and he did not want to risk being captured or he wanted to do as much damage to the enemy as possible since he was crashing anyway; this was the case in both the Japanese and Allied air forces. The Japanese 32d Army, 100,000 strong, defended Okinawa. The desperate Japanese would launch 2,500 suicidal kamikaze aircraft against the invasion fleet. On 1 April 1945 — nearly 30 years after the disastrous Allied landing at Gallipoli in World War I — the Fifth Fleet landed 60,000 troops of the U.S.
Major Alliances during World War II. There were two major alliances during World War II: the Axis and the Allies.. The three principal partners in the Axis alliance were Germany, Italy, and Japan.These three countries recognized German domination over most of continental Europe; Italian domination over the Mediterranean Sea; and Japanese domination over East Asia and the Pacific. Special Report: Analyzing ... results in the U.S. presidential election and a sharp rise in coronavirus cases around the world—plus a deadly attack at an Afghanistan university and devastating ...
Kamikaze. Japanese Special Attack Weapons 1944-45 Details Englischer Text, Paperback, sehr viele sw-Abb., einige Farbtafeln. 48 Seiten. ... Okinawa 1945. The … Japanese fighter pilots would purposely crash their planes into US ships in what were called Kamikaze attacks. The Soviet Union had been at peace with Japan during much of World War II. They agreed to attack Japanese forces in Manchuria on August 8, 1945. This also helped in forcing Japan to surrender.


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Op-Ed: How the nuclear weapons taboo is fading
The next couple months are going to be interesting. We are going to begin to see a trend.
In the near future the world is being flooded with a wave of new technologies that allow new and exciting ways to go about warfare. Some of them seem rather tame and harmless, but others, while perhaps not quite so, if fully exploited could be deadly nonetheless.
The United States, as has been well-documented, is engaged in a massive weapons procurement program that can be described as nuclear warship building. While the weapons being purchased are not technically nuclear, the fact that they are being purchased is proof that these weapons are being acquired and are only a few years away from being used.
In other words, these weapons are being built and are not merely being purchased.
Of course, this begs the question, how long can we wait and what can we do to stop this insanity?
The current way of doing business is to continue to play one off the other. You buy a nuclear reactor, you buy a new fleet of aircraft carriers, you buy advanced drones, you buy a new array of tanks, you buy a new generation of missiles, you buy a new stealth bomber. And so forth.
So far, that cycle has worked pretty well for the United States as the nation has managed to purchase, and is continuing to purchase, hundreds of billions in weapons systems and materials. In fact, in the last five years that the US has spent on a weapons procurement program, it has spent about as much per year as Pakistan spent on Pakistan’s entire military budget last year.
But this is one of the great ironies of warfare that the United States’ desire to spend a trillion dollars on it means that it no longer spends any time on the other things that could have an even greater impact on the world – the things that could save us from ourselves.
The nuclear weapons taboo is fading
A few years ago, just a few years ago, while I was writing a book on nuclear weapons called Arms, a retired professor from the U.S. Air Force started calling me up and telling me to quit my book, stop my work with peace activists on nuclear disarmament and to stop my work with people who were trying to spread the word about nuclear issues. He told me to stop doing what I was doing and do something else


The man turned and looked at Martin; and then, he saw the Sig. His eyes grew wide in disbelief as if he knew that he was too late.
The laser-sighted and silencer fitter heavy Walther swung desperately from Kristen towards Martin, but the Sig was already looking at its target. Martin pulled the trigger; and kept firing.
The first four bullets that flew out of the muzzle in the blink of an eye hit the man in the chest. The impact of the bullets threw him backwards. With a surprise look in his eyes, he toppled to the ground. But it seemed that it was now Martin’s turn for a surprise. Because, as soon as the man hit the ground, he jumped to his knees and lurched to the gun that he had dropped. Vest… damn fucking vest, said Martin to himself. They all were wearing Kevlars. Fuck! He pulled the trigger twice more. The 9 mm. Parabellums hit the man in the mouth. His legs twitched for a brief moment. He would not grin anymore.
‘Behind you!’ Kristen screamed in his ears.
Martin quickly turned on his heels. The young skinhead was brandishing an MP5 in his hand. Martin ducked immediately and a volley of bullets dived into the night licking his hair. He pulled the trigger, aiming the Sig lower. He had no intention of finding out if that one was wearing a Kevlar, too. All he had was a precious second; live or die… Two Parabellums plunged into the man’s groins. The skinhead dropped to the ground with a spine-chilling howling; the MP5 spewed rest of its bullets in to the night sky before slipping away from his hand. He rolled around in agony; his blank eyes looked as if they would burst out of their sockets. Martin put two more bullets into the man’s head. The howling stopped.
‘Don’t even move.’ A gun was cocked with a metallic noise. Martin was still in crouched-down position. He raised his head and looked.


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When a person owns a firearm they need to make sure they operate it in a safe manner so that no one gets hurt. This includes themselves. One thing that a gun owner has to be aware of is the loss of hearing that can result from the shooting of a gun.
There are some ways that a person can protect their hearing when they are using a firearm even at a shooting range. There are ear muffs that can help protect the ears and allow a person to be safe.
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There ear muffs will protect the ears completely. They are electronic and can protect for noises up to 30dB. These are some of the best ear muffs on the market for shooting and will protect the ears when a person is firing their guns even in an enclosed area.
This is another form of ear protection that will cover the ear completely. The ear muffs are electronic and will protect the eat at sounds up to 25dB. This will make sure that a person is well protected.
There are some things that a person wants to look for when purchasing earmuffs. Electronic earmuffs have the latest technology and additional features that passive earmuffs do not offer. The NR rating of the earmuff is also very important. This rating is given after being inspected by the United States Environmental Protection Agency to see how much noise the muff is going to reduce. The higher the dB that the earmuff is able to reduce the more protection it offers.
These are just some of the things that a person should look for when they are purchasing ear muffs. It is essential to have this protection so a person does not damage their hearing when using a firearm. Learn more information about best ear muffs for shooting on the range.


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- Thales Naval Alerts 2014 1
Equipped with Thales’s Active Phased Array Radar (APAR), the Royal Danish Navy’s HDMS Peter Willemoes performed live firing trials to demonstrate its air defence capabilities. The trial, executed on 21 November 2013, consisted of four Evolved Sea Sparrow Missiles being directed by APAR to four targets. The trial was successful: all launched missiles performed a successful intercept.
Recently, the third and last of the Royal Moroccan Navy’s new Sigma class frigates was subjected to its Sea Acceptance Trials (SAT). All Thales systems on board of the ship as well as the functional chains for Anti Air Warfare, Anti Surface Warfare and Electronic Warfare performed flawlessly.
Her Excellency Mrs Lilianne Ploumen, Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation, performed the official opening of Thales’ Centre of Excellence (CoE) for Radar and Integrated Sensors in Singapore.
The Polish Ministry of National Defence and Thales have signed a contract for the delivery of the integrated combat system and related acceptance activities on board the ORP ŚLĄZAK Patrol Vessel.
Lockheed Martin Canada has awarded Thales Nederland a contract for the delivery of two SMART-S Mk2 radars. These medium-to-long range 3D surveillance radars are to be installed on the two ANZAC class frigates operated by the Royal New Zealand Navy, in the scope of the ANZAC Frigate System Upgrade, performed by Lockheed Martin Canada.
The Netherland’s Ministry of Defence and Thales Nederland have signed an agreement for the update of 16 Goalkeeper Close-In Weapon Systems that are operational in the Royal Netherlands Navy.
Thales has signed a contract with the Dutch shipyard Damen Schelde Naval Shipbuilding for the delivery and installation of a full mission systems suite for the two PKR class vessels under construction for the Indonesian Navy.


· One of the broadest gun control measures signed by Gov. Gavin Newsom this year will prevent Californians from buying more than one semiautomatic rifle per .
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Semiautomatic rifles kill twice as many as other guns, study finds Researchers who examined FBI data on nearly 250 "active shooter" assaults also found that the chances of dying, if shot, were ...
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· An initiative in Washington state that prohibits the sale of semiautomatic rifles to people under the age of 21 and to inperson outofstate purchasers is constitutional, a federal court in the s.
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Rebels bikie enforcer Matthew Bruce test fires a semi automatic gun in a forest on the outskirts of Melbourne. Supplied by County Court of Victoria.
The CZ 512 is an entirely new semiauto rimfire rifle from CZ. The modular design is easily maintained, requiring only a coin as a tool for field stripping. The action of the 512 is composed of an aluminum alloy upper receiver that secures the barrel and bolt assembly and a fiberglassreinforced polymer lower half that houses the trigger mechanism and detachable magazine.
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The GM6 'Lynx' is a semiautomatic antimaterial rifle. The rifle was designed to be compact, lightweight, accurate, lowrecoil, portable and easily deployable for immediate use. Most rifles chambered in .50 BMG are heavy, long, bulky, heavily recoiling and are of a slowly .
· Lucid Air will be semiautonomous when offered in early 2021 It will come factory equipped with lidar. Reuters. Jul 28th 2020 at 10:21AM. ... automatic emergency brakes and automated parking.
Semiautomatic definition, partly automatic. See more. (of a firearm) automatically ejecting the cartridge case of a fired shot and loading the next cartridge from the magazine but requiring a squeeze of the trigger to fire each individual shot.
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· That law also banned the semiautomatic weapons used in other mass shootings, including the Oct. 1 massacre in Las Vegas and the 2012 shooting in Newtown, Connecticut.
And as a semiautomatic with a 20 or so round magazine capacity, a .308 semiauto will also be a good choice for tactical training and for defending your home and property against multiple attackers. Granted, the .308 is not the best round for defense inside of your home because it can easily pass through each of the walls of your home and the walls of your neighbors.
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Collecting and wielding guns has been one of the top favorite hobbies throughout the world. People love collecting high quality finished metal and guns happen to be up there in this category. Everyone is looking to improve their wielding skills and gun accessories only help you get there faster. Some of them come in handy when it comes to storing your firearm while others help in improving your aim. In this blog post, we will take a look at gun parts you never knew you needed!
So, without further ado, let’s begin!
3 Gun Accessories to Add to Your Arsenal:
“Gun parts for sale online” is often a phrase many people come across on the internet and fall for. Most of the time, the quality you get out of the accessories you order is bad and they don’t last you very long. We recommend you to get your gun add ons from a reliable store that specializes in the field of firearms. With that said, let’s talk about a few must-have gun accessories:
Handgun magnets are stick-em-up style and attach to the bottom of a desk or glove compartment. The magnets are strong enough to firmly hold your firearm while making it easy to take it off so you can quickly draw when needed. The handgun magnet is rated up to 14 pounds and can easily carry your gun without any problems. You are probably thinking this accessory cannot be used outside but that isn’t the case since the build quality is top notch and impervious to bad weather. It’s great for people who have a hard time storing their firearm away.
Military Utility Tool:
A military utility tool is your one-stop-shop for everything you need to fix your weapons. It includes a high quality military grade plier and knife but that is not all. If you run into a firearm-malfunction on the field, the tool contains a bolt override tool, a disassembly driver and repair wrench to enable you to quickly take your weapon apart, fix the issue and put it back in no time. A tool like this should be in the pocket of every gun enthusiast!
For high quality utility tools that don’t break under pressure, we recommend buying from a well-known establishment in the firearm space like Infinite Ammo so you no longer have to worry about things like durability and quality.
People usually use a holster for their guns to store it inside their pockets. A sticky holster can do that as well as attach to your waistband using the self-securing material that is on it. This way you don’t have to draw the weapon out of your pocket every time you want to shoot quickly. The waistband is much more accessible than the pocket as it is already on the outside. The holster sticks to the compression of the band and provides a snug and secure fit even through the bumpiest of rides. Sticky holster definitely qualifies as an essential carry!
At first glance, these gun accessories may look like things you can do without. But when you see what they can do, it only makes sense to have them in your corner. We believe the right add ons can enhance your wielding experience ten fold. If you made it to the end of this blog, you are more than ready to start wielding like a pro!
For further information, please visit the FAQs section below.
Frequently Asked Questions:
What are the accessories of a firearm?
Anything that helps improve your gun in any way, may it be in aim or simply holding the weapon in a safe place, is called an accessory. Accessories include magazines, gun holders, hand guard and utility tools.
What is the job of a holster?
A gun holster conceals your weapon thereby preventing accidental fire. You can safely carry your gun in a holster and be worry-free. It’s also a great way to have quick access to your gun whenever you need it.
What are the three main parts of a firearm?
The three main parts of most new age firearms are action, stock and barrel. The action is the main body of the firearm; the part that loads and fires ammunition while getting rid of the shells. The stock can also be referred to as the handle or the back of the gun that you hold onto for structural support when firing. The barrel is the metal tube through which the shot is discharged.
Read Also: Random info regarding is Sl618 Net?


StuG III Ausf G
A StuG III Ausf G during the defence of Germany. A Volkssturm Grenadier armed with Panzerfaust is passing in front of the StuG.
The StuG III Ausf G or 7.5cm Sturmgeschütz 40 Ausf G was a tank destroyer based on the Panzer III. Over 7,000 were built during the Second World War.
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StuG III 40 has been found with a dead crew! Exclusive! UPD Aug. 2020
One of the most popular articles on our website is an article about how in 2002 a German StuG-III 40 ausf G (WWII) with tail number 20 was found in a swamp in Velikiye Luki (Russia). Condition of StuG-III 40 ausf G was perfect both outside and inside the combat vehicle. But until recently, it was believed that the crew managed to leave it before the StuG-III 40 went to the bottom. But we managed to get information that refutes everything that we knew about it earlier. (+ Managed to establish the name of one crew member).
Before reading this article, we advise you to read the previous ones:
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4 Answers 4
The low silhouette of the StuG III (7 feet high vs 9 feet) made it ideal for ambush tactics. Against the Americans it's likely going to be on the defense and well hidden. It will probably get one or two aimed shots off at an advancing Sherman before the M4 can return fire. The StuG III's 75 mm KwK 40 L/48 gun could penetrate the M4A1's front armor at 1000 meters or more (except the gun mantlet).
Unlike other, heavier Wehrmacht armored vehicles, the StuG III was built in large numbers, over 10,000 though the best information I have says only 1,600 were deployed on the Western Front. And it was mechanically reliable. Unlike heavier German tanks which look fearsome on paper but few were built and many broke down, Shermans faced a large number of Stug IIIs.
The most important variable is the M4A1's gun. Is it using the low velocity M3 75mm/L40 gun or the M1 76mm high velocity cannon? Despite its poor anti-armor performance, the 75mm was retained because of it's superior high explosive shell. US tanks spent most of their time fighting infantry.
If our M4A1 has the 75mm gun, it's in trouble. It will struggle to penetrate the StuG III's 80mm of frontal armor at 500 meters. It is seriously outgunned. Its best bet is to fire a white phosphorous round to blind the StuG III while the M4 maneuvers for a side shot, or withdraws and calls in artillery, or calls in a buddy to flank the StuG III. WP could even cause a German crew to panic and bail out believing their vehicle is on fire.
An M4A1 with the 76mm high velocity gun is in a much better position. With a normal AP shell they can reliably penetrate a StuG III at 1000 meters. With an HVAP (High Velocity Armor Piercing) shell they could do it at 2500 meters. Unlike the Germans, the US was well supplied with specialty ammunition. If they can see the StuG III, they can destroy it.
In a close range fight, the M4 has some clear advantages. Not only does the M4 have a turret, but it has a powered turret allowing it to put the gun on target fast. The StuG III lacked a turret and could only traverse their gun about 25 degrees, and had to do it manually, before they had to turn the entire hull, a clumsy operation after which the gunner would have to reacquire the target.
Armored vehicles, if they're smart, don't operate alone. They operate with infantry. Here, the M4A1 has the advantage. The M4A1 was well suited to fighting infantry with three machine guns (a 30 cal in the bow, another mounted co-axially, and a commander's 50 cal), two of which could be fired while buttoned up. The StuG III G usually had only one machine gun. It was mounted behind a gun shield on top of the vehicle meaning a crewman had to expose themselves to operate it. Some StuG IIIs were modified with a co-axial machine gun as well.
Unfortunately I don't have specific M4 vs StuG III statistics. For further reading you might look into Steven Zaloga's books particularly M10 Tank Destroyer vs StuG III Assault Gun. The M10 was built on the M4 chassis, and carried a 3-inch gun similar to the M4's 76mm. On the other hand, it lacked armor and had an abysmally slow turret.
The “short barrel” series, Ausf.A to E
These versions were known by the Waffenamt as the Sd.Kfz.142.
-Only 36 Ausf.As were produced by Daimler-Benz AG between January and May 1940. The first were delivered in September 1939 and the whole series completed in April 1940. The last six were based on the Panzer III Ausf.G chassis. However, due to numerous production faults, only four batteries (15 vehicles) were sent in France by May 1940.
-The Ausf.B saw a much larger production (300), this time by Alkett, between June 1940 and May 1941. They were nearly identical to the Ausf.A, if not for the slightly larger tracks (380 mm instead of 360 mm). Standard roadwheels were interlocked with external 520x95mm ruberrized roadwheels and both were interchangeable. The early 10-speed transmission, which proved troublesome, was replaced by a 6-speed one. To reduce chances of the tracks being thrown off during tight turns, the forward return rollers were re-positioned even further forward.
-The Ausf.C was only produced for a single month, in April 1941, with 50 vehicles coming out of the factory. Nearly identical to previous versions, they had the main gunner’s forward view port eliminated (it was seen as a shot trap) and replaced by a relocated periscope in the front left of the casemate. The idler was also new. The campaign of France had shown the value of the StuG, and 150 Ausf.Ds were ordered, followed by 500 Ausf.Es.
-The Ausf.D was virtually identical, only receiving an on-board intercom. 150 were delivered between May and September 1941. It was simply an upgrade of the C on the production line. There was, however, a dip in effective deliveries due to the shortage of Maybach HL 120 TRM engines, which were being sent as replacements to the Eastern front depots.
-The Ausf.E replaced the previous version on the production line, with 284 delivered until February 1942. The side superstructure received rectangular armored boxes for extra radio equipment and storing six more rounds (reaching a total of 50), while a MG 34 with 7 drum-type magazines was installed on the right rear side of the casemate for close defense. The commander vehicles were given SF14Z stereoscopic scissor periscopes.
Usage in battles
This tank destroyer is best played as a support vehicle. Unlike its predecessors, it has excellent armour and can be invincible from long ranges. However, if playing with this tank close to the front lines, (for example, capturing points) this armour will not be adequate against the close-range power of most vehicles. Any shot which penetrates the armour will most likely destroy the vehicle due to the small interior layout. The sides are a weak point from any ranges, so take care of that as well. Support teammates from the flanks, attack from long ranges, and never close in the distance even for objectives unless necessary. If properly concealed, the enemy will never know where they are attacked as they concentrate their assault forwards.
Once in a game, choose the spawn point patiently to pick the best area to start accepting firing positions. The open spaces are not good for the StuGs so when repositioning, make sure it is safe before moving ahead. Flank an objective point where the enemies will be capped, but the teammates will be frontally attacking. Be careful not to get detected by the enemy and find a place where the StuG can be in cover and start shooting. Always look around, and if the situation gets bad, relocate to another vantage point. If the StuG III is rooted in the enemy lines and alone, only attack if there is only one enemy. From long ranges, the StuG can always a winner in 1v1 duels if played cautiously. From short intervals, the key is situational awareness, and how fast the StuG III can shoot down the enemy before they fire and hit the StuG.
- American Tanks: M4 Shermans are easy targets, but in a 600 m area, they could penetrate the StuG's frontal armour if untangled. M4A3E2 Jumbos can lead to stalemates, but getting too close can allow the Jumbo to aim for weak spots. The best way to defeat the Jumbo is to flank and hit them at the side, preferably the lower area at the suspension where it is only 38.1 mm thick.
- Soviet tanks: T-34 will be dangerous from any ranges. It is easy to penetrate them, so the StuG must detect and shoot them down quickly. From long ranges, angling the StuG slightly might enhance the front armour against the T-34 shells, but angling too much will allow the T-34 to hit the vulnerable side armour.
- British tanks: The British tanks have some low calibre guns, but their high muzzle velocity and fast reload rate will penetrate and destroy the StuG easily. The Cruiser tanks like Cromwell will be a difficult target, as they are mobile and can flank the StuG easily. Be the first to detect the tank and fire at them while they are trying to position themselves, as their armour could be easily pierced by the 75 mm gun. If faced with a Churchill Mk.VII from the front, it is best to withdraw and call on teammates for support. If the Churchill is distracted, reposition to take aim at the side armour and devastate the interior with an APHE round. Other Churchills (Mk.I or Mk.III) can easily be penetrated frontally.
Pros and cons
- Powerful 75 mm cannon with decent penetration, great accuracy and velocity, and a piercing APCR: even with the stock AP it can frontally one-shot most opponents like the M4, T-34, Cromwell or even the KV-1
- Great frontal armour of 80 mm plus 20 mm add-on tracks (100 mm total, same as Tiger I) makes it immune to low-penetrating tanks like the T-34 1942, 75 mm M4 and M24
- Low silhouette makes the StuG easy to conceal in RB and SB
- Large side skirts can more or less provide some additional protection, especially against HEAT
- Multi-role potential: can be effective in city combat or close quarters, or long-range sniping
- Vertical parts of frontal armour can still get penetrated by tanks like the T-34-57 and M4A1 (76) W, which are commonly seen
- A penetration through the driver port can knock out the driver, gunner, and commander, resulting in instant death for the StuG
- Fixed casemate superstructure restricts gun movement to the front
- Machine gun shield on the roof can compromise low profile and doesn't come with a machine gun
- A HE shell onto the machine gun shield can send the shrapnel down through the hull roof down into the crew compartment, particularly from the large calibre cannon on the KV-2
The Six Day War was fought in the Middle East between Israel and a coalition comprising of Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Iraq and Algeria. It lasted from June 5 to 10, 1967.
Golan Heights is a disputed territory in the Middle East. Most of it is currently controlled by Israel and the eastern part by Syria. Both Israel and Syria consider the Golan Heights part of their territory. The UN Security Council recognizes this territory as Syrian.
Stug III Ausf G or Stug 40 Ausf G or how ?!
Post by MaxFax » 09 Aug 2002, 11:09
I am a little bit confuse about the correct name of Stug III Ausf G. I have found also (probably ?) the same Stug as "Stug 40 Ausf G" !
Can anybody tell me what is the correct name and why are there so many "names" ?!
Thanks in advance !
Post by Christian Ankerstjerne » 09 Aug 2002, 17:14
The Stu.G. III Ausf. G had a 7.5cm Stu.K. 40 L/48 gun, and was meant as an infantry support/tank destroyer
The Stu.H. 40 (which is the actual name for the 'StuG 40 G') had a 10.5cm Stu.H. 42 L/28 gun, and was meant as an assault howitzer.
They are the same
Post by CArlos Martin » 10 Aug 2002, 01:31
The 7.5 cm Sturmgeschütz 40 ausf G was called also in short Stug III ausf G. Both names refer to the same vehicle.
As the gun is a StuK40, the vehicle is called Stug 40 only Stug III ausf F, F/8 and G were called Sturmgeschütz 40 as they carried that gun.
The StuH42 is a different vehicle and was called "10.5cm Sturmhaubitze 42" because it was armed with a StuH42. quite logical.
Post by Timo » 10 Aug 2002, 01:35
Stug 40 and Stug III
Post by Hans N » 10 Aug 2002, 01:52
The Stug III had a more boxed mantlet and the Stug 40 had the so-called
"Saukopf" (pighead, a rounded) mantlet.
Both these versions are Stug III:s!
Post by Timo » 10 Aug 2002, 02:17
Sorry Hans, thats incorrect. Carlos is right.
(. ) der Fertigung von Sturmgeschützen 40 der F/8 in Dezember 1942 (. )
Spielberger: Sturmgeschütze, S.83
There were no Saukopf mantlets at that time, yet the StuG 40 is allready mentioned
Post by MaxFax » 10 Aug 2002, 10:34
Thank you a lot for your answers !
Now, there is little more light in my mind
I am interested in this subject, because Romania was using Stug III Ausf. G in WW2 !
Post by Christian Ankerstjerne » 10 Aug 2002, 17:30
Sorry, my bad (I'm very ashamed) - Carlos is correct.
The diffrence between the F and F/8 versions was that the F had a L/43 barrel, unlike the F/8 with the L/48 barrel.
The Stu.K. 40 was in practice the same gun as the 7.5cm Kw.K. 40 of the Pz.Kpfw. IV
The early Ausf. G vehicles also had the bolted mantle, and the presence of a Topfblende can't therefore be a determining factor as to wheter it's a G or F/8
November 1943. German forces were engaged in a desperate battle to retain control of the Crimean Peninsula. They faced assaults to the north on the Perekop Isthmus, to the east on the Kertsch Peninsula and a sea borne assault on Kertsch itself. One of the few armoured units still available to the Germans was the 191st ('Büffel') Sturmgeschütz (StuG) Brigade.
The Germans struggled to keep their forces resupplied with their lines of communication under constant air and sea attack.
Towards the end of November 1943, the German supply ship Sante Fe sailed in convoy Wotan from the Romanian port of Konstanza. The ship was carrying supplies and replacement vehicles for the beleaguered German forces, including the 191st Brigade. Only a few hours short of her destination a torpedo slammed into her. Torn apart by internal explosions she broke in half and sank. 1278 tons of vital military cargo had gone to the bottom including ammunition, fuel, 2 Jagdpanzers and 12 Sturmgeschütze assault guns (StuGs).
In 2002 an ambitious plan was hatched to recover some of the vehicles from the wreck. After considerable risk, effort, and expense, divers succeeded in recovering two StuGs.
We were determined to secure a StuG with German provenance given that the majority of survivors did not serve with German forces during WWII. One of the Sante Fe StuGs fitted the bill perfectly. We had the German service and a spectacular provenance albeit somewhat short.
Once the StuG arrived in the UK, a complete photographic and technical survey was undertaken. This included detailed measurements of every feature, both interior and exterior. As with any such restoration details, production information and history are critical parts of the task. These details are built up over the course of the project. This is crucial to help assist in the repair, replacement or manufacture of components to ensure that they are in keeping with the original condition of the vehicle.
When you become a member, you have access to the full article detailing the work and research in this project and the ongoing issue resolution regarding fittings and detail.
At the time, German (non-light) tanks were expected to carry out one of two primary tasks when assisting infantry in breakthroughs, exploiting gaps in the enemy lines where opposition had been removed, moving through and attacking the enemy's unprotected lines of communication and the rear areas. The first task was direct combat against other tanks and other armoured vehicles, requiring the tank to fire armour piercing (AP) shells.
On January 11, 1934, following specifications laid down by Heinz Guderian, the Army Weapons Department drew up plans for a medium tank with a maximum weight of 24,000 kg (53,000 lb) and a top speed of 35 km/h (22 mph).  It was intended as the main tank of the German Panzer divisions, capable of engaging and destroying opposing tank forces, and was to be paired with the Panzer IV, which was to fulfill the second use: dealing with anti-tank guns and infantry strong points, such as machine-gun nests, firing high-explosive shells at such soft targets. Such supportive tanks designed to operate with friendly infantry against the enemy generally were heavier and carried more armour.
The direct infantry-support role was to be provided by the turret-less Sturmgeschütz assault gun, which mounted a short-barrelled gun on a Panzer III chassis.
Daimler-Benz, Krupp, MAN, and Rheinmetall all produced prototypes. Testing of these took place in 1936 and 1937, leading to the Daimler-Benz design being chosen for production. The first model of the Panzer III, the Ausführung A. (Ausf. A), came off the assembly line in May 1937 ten, two of which were unarmed, were produced in that year.  Mass production of the Ausf. F version began in 1939. Between 1937 and 1940, attempts were made to standardize parts between Krupp's Panzer IV and Daimler-Benz's Panzer III.
Much of the early development work on the Panzer III was a quest for a suitable suspension. Several varieties of leaf-spring suspensions were tried on Ausf. A through Ausf. D, usually using eight relatively small-diameter road wheels before the torsion-bar suspension of the Ausf. E was standardized, using the six road wheel design that became standard. The Panzer III, along with the Soviet KV heavy tank, was one of the early tanks to use this suspension design first seen on the Stridsvagn L-60 a few years earlier.
A distinct feature of the Panzer III, influenced by the British Vickers Medium Mark I tank (1924), was the three-man turret. This meant that the commander was not distracted with another role in the tank (e.g. as gunner or loader) and could fully concentrate on maintaining awareness of the situation and directing the tank. Most tanks of the time did not have this capability,  providing the Panzer III with a combat advantage versus such tanks. For example, the French Somua S-35's turret was manned only by the commander, and the Soviet T-34 originally had a two-man turret crew. Unlike the Panzer IV, the Panzer III had no turret basket, merely a foot rest platform for the gunner.
The Panzer III was intended as the primary battle tank of the German forces. However, when it initially met the KV-1 heavy tanks and T-34 medium tanks it proved to be inferior in both armour and gun power. To meet the growing need to counter these tanks, the Panzer III was up-gunned with a longer, more powerful 50-millimetre (1.97 in) gun and received more armour but still was at disadvantage compared with the Soviet tank designs. As a result, production of self-propelled anti-tank guns, as well as the up-gunning of the Panzer IV was initiated.
In 1942, the final version of the Panzer III, the Ausf. N, was created with a 75-millimetre (2.95 in) KwK 37 L/24 cannon, the same short-barreled low-velocity gun used for the initial models of the Panzer IV and designed for anti-infantry and close-support work. For defensive purposes, the Ausf. N was equipped with rounds of HEAT ammunition that could penetrate 70 to 100 millimetres (2.76 to 3.94 in) of armour depending on the round's variant, but these were strictly used for self-defence.
The Panzer III Ausf. A through C had 15 mm (0.59 in) of rolled homogeneous armour on all sides with 10 mm (0.39 in) on the top and 5 mm (0.20 in) on the bottom. This was quickly determined to be insufficient, and was upgraded to 30 mm (1.18 in) on the front, sides and rear in the Ausf. D, E, F, and G models, with the H model having a second 30 mm (1.18 in) layer of face-hardened steel applied to the front and rear hull. The Ausf. J model had a solid 50 mm (1.97 in) plate on the front and rear, while the Ausf. J¹, L, and M models had an additional layer of offset 20 mm (0.79 in) homogeneous steel plate on the front hull and turret, with the M model having an additional 5 mm (0.20 in) Schürzen spaced armour on the hull sides, and 8 mm (0.31 in) on the turret sides and rear.  This additional frontal armor gave the Panzer III frontal protection from many light and medium Allied and Soviet anti-tank guns at all but close ranges. However, the sides were still vulnerable to many enemy weapons, including anti-tank rifles at close ranges.
The Panzer III was intended to fight other tanks in the initial design stage a 50-millimetre (1.97 in) gun was specified. However, the infantry at the time were being equipped with the 37-millimetre (1.46 in) PaK 36, and it was thought that, in the interest of standardization, the tanks should carry the same armament. As a compromise, the turret ring was made large enough to accommodate a 50-millimetre (1.97 in) gun should a future upgrade be required. This single decision later assured the Panzer III a prolonged life in the German Army.
The Ausf. A to early Ausf. G were equipped with a 3.7 cm KwK 36 L/45, which proved adequate during the campaigns of 1939 and 1940.  In response to increasingly better armed and armored opponents, the later Ausf. F to Ausf. J were upgraded with the 5 cm KwK 38 L/42,  and the Ausf. J¹ to M with the longer 5 cm KwK 39 L/60 gun.
By 1942, the Panzer IV was becoming Germany's main medium tank because of its better upgrade potential. The Panzer III remained in production as a close support vehicle. The Ausf. N model mounted a low-velocity 7.5 cm KwK 37 L/24 gun - these guns had originally been fitted to older Panzer IV Ausf A to F1 models and had been placed in storage when those tanks had also been up armed to longer versions of the 75 mm gun.
All early models up to and including the Ausf. G had two 7.92 mm (0.31 in) MG 34 machine guns mounted coaxially with the 37 mm main gun and a similar weapon in a hull mount.  Models from the Ausf. F and later, upgraded or built with a 5 or 7.5 cm main gun, had a single coaxial MG 34 and the hull MG34.
A single experimental Ausf. L was fitted with a 75/55mm tapered bore Waffe 0725 cannon. The vehicle was designated Panzer III Ausf L mit Waffe 0725.
The Panzer III Ausf. A through D were powered by a 250 PS (184 kW), 12-cylinder Maybach HL108 TR engine, giving a top speed of 35 km/h (22 mph).  All later models were powered by the 300 PS (221 kW), 12-cylinder Maybach HL 120 TRM engine. Regulated top speed varied, depending on the transmission and weight, but was around 40 km/h (25 mph).
The fuel capacity was 300 l (79 US gal) in Ausf A-D, 310 l (82 US gal) in Ausf. E-G and 320 l (85 US gal) in all later models. Road range on the main tank was 165 km (103 mi) in Ausf. A-J the heavier later models had a reduced range of 155 km (96 mi). Cross-country range was 95 km (59 mi) in all versions.
The Panzer III was used in the German campaigns in Poland, in France, in the Soviet Union, and in North Africa. Many were still in combat service against Western Allied forces in 1944-1945: at Anzio in Italy [a] , in Normandy, [b] and in Operation Market Garden in the Netherlands. [c] A sizeable number of Panzer IIIs also remained as armored reserves in German-occupied Norway  and some saw action, alongside Panzer IVs, in the Lapland War against Finland in the fall of 1944.
In both the Polish and French campaigns, the Panzer III formed a small part of the German armoured forces. Only a few hundred Panzer III Ausf. As to Fs were available in these two campaigns, with most being armed with the 37 mm (1.46 in) main gun. They were the best medium tank available to the German military at the period of time.
Aside from use in Europe, the Panzer III also saw service in North Africa with Erwin Rommel's renowned Afrika Korps. Most of the Panzer IIIs with the Afrika Korps were equipped with the KwK 38 L/42 50mm (short-barrelled) tank gun, with a small number possessing the older 37mm main gun of earlier variants. The Panzer IIIs of Rommel's troops were capable of fighting against British Crusader cruiser and US-supplied M3 Stuart light tanks with positive outcomes, although they did less effectively against Matilda II infantry tanks and American M3 Lee/Grant tanks fielded by the British starting from early 1942. In particular, the 75mm hull-mounted gun of the Lee/Grant tank could easily destroy a Panzer III far beyond the latter's own effective firing range, as is true for the US M4 Sherman, which also saw service with British forces alongside Lees/Grants in North Africa beginning in the middle of 1942.
Around the time of the beginning of Operation Barbarossa in the summer of 1941, the Panzer III was, numerically, the most important German tank on the frontline. At this time period, the majority of the available tanks (including re-armed Ausf. Es and Fs, plus new Ausf. G and H models) for the invading German military had the 50 mm (1.97 in) KwK 38 L/42 50mm cannon, which also equipped the majority of Panzer IIIs fighting in North Africa. Initially, the Panzer IIIs were significantly outclassed by the more advanced Soviet T-34 medium and KV series of heavy tanks, the former of which was gradually encountered in greater numbers by the German forces as the invasion progressed. However, the most numerous Soviet tanks the Germans encountered at the start of the invasion were older T-26 light infantry and BT class of cruiser tanks. This fact, together with superior German tactical and strategic skills in armoured clashes,  sufficient quality crew training, and the generally-good ergonomics of the Panzer III, all contributed to a favourable kill-loss ratio of approximately 6:1 for German tanks of all types in 1941. [ citation needed ]
With the appearance of the T-34 and KV-1/-2 tanks, rearming the Panzer III with a longer-barrelled and more powerful 50-millimetre (1.97 in) gun was prioritised. The T-34 was generally invulnerable in frontal combat engagements with the Panzer III until the 50 mm KwK 39 L/60 tank gun was introduced on the Panzer III Ausf. J beginning in the spring of 1942 (this tank gun was based on the infantry's 50 mm Pak 38 L/60 towed anti-tank gun). This could penetrate the T-34's heavy sloped armour frontally at ranges under 500 metres (1,600 ft).  Against the KV class of heavy breakthrough tanks, the Panzer III was a significant threat if it was armed with special high-velocity tungsten-tipped armour-piercing (AP) rounds. In addition, to counter enemy anti-tank rifles, starting from 1943, the Ausf. L version began the use of spaced armour sideskirts and screens (known as Schürzen in German) around the turret and on the vulnerable hull-sides. However, due to the introduction of the upgunned and better armoured Panzer IV, the Panzer III was, after the German defeat at the Battle of Kursk in the summer of 1943, relegated to secondary/minor combat roles, such as tank-training, and it was finally replaced as the main German medium tank by the Panzer IV and the Panzer V Panther.
The Panzer III's strong, reliable and durable chassis was the basis for the turretless Sturmgeschütz III assault gun/tank destroyer, one of the most successful self-propelled guns of the war, as well as being the single most-produced German armoured fighting vehicle design of World War II.
By the end of the war in 1945, the Panzer III saw almost no frontline use, and many of them had been returned to the few remaining armaments/tank factories for conversion into StuG III assault guns, which were in high demand due to the defensive style of warfare adopted by the German Army by then. A few other variants of the Panzer III were also experimented on and produced by German industries towards the last phases of the war, but few were mass-produced or even see action against the encroaching enemy forces of the Americans, British and Soviets.
In 1943, Turkey received 22 Panzer III Ausf. Ms, with Hitler hoping the country, militarily strengthened by Nazi Germany, could possibly threaten the Soviet Union from its southern border (in any case, neutral Turkey did not participate in any form of aggression towards the USSR or the Western Allies, and eventually declared war on Nazi Germany nearing the end of WWII instead, perhaps from Allied pressure).  The Army of the Independent State of Croatia received 4 Ausf. N variants in the spring of 1944 and the Ustashe Militia received 20 other Ausf. Ns in the autumn of 1944.  Romania received a number of Panzer III Ausf. Ns for its 1st Armored Division in 1943. They were called T-3 in the Romanian army. At least 2 of them were still operational in 1945.
Norway used leftover stocks of ex-German Panzer IIIs (along with similar Sturmgeschütz III assault guns/tank destroyers) abandoned by departing Nazi occupation forces at the end of WWII up until the 1950s. In the Soviet Union, the Panzer III was one of the more common captured Nazi tanks they operated, as with the Panzer IV. At least 200, together with some StuG IIIs, fell into Soviet hands following the German defeat at the Battle of Stalingrad. The Soviets decided to upgun these captured German vehicles and two resulting designs were produced: the SG-122 self-propelled howitzer and the SU-76i assault gun. The former was not well-designed and was only built in very small numbers, with most not seeing combat action at all, while the latter was regarded as a better option of a Panzer III-based assault vehicle with a larger 75mm main gun. Aside from these locally designed variants of the Panzer III, the Soviets primarily tended to use them as their basic tank version, mainly used as second-line tanks, for reconnaissance and as mobile command posts. [ citation needed ]
The Japanese government bought two Panzer IIIs from their German allies during the war (one 50 mm and one 75 mm). Purportedly this was for reverse engineering purposes, since Japan put more emphasis on the development of new military aircraft and naval technology and had been dependent on European influence in designing new tanks. By the time the vehicles were delivered, the Panzer III's technology was obsolete.
DaveDamerell wrote: Ron that is a great looking Stug, I really like your style. I have never really been able to find Modelkasten track. I bought a few sets at Hannants in the UK ages ago. I mainly use Fruils. Are you using different types. On your first pic I thought they were lightweight final track. Not to sure of the official description but it has a V cut out in the horn. I noticed that yours have cleats. Is that large box at the back scratch built? I have something similar from Atak. How is that spare wheel on the rear fender secured? I hope it’s OK to bombard you with questions,
I have a bit of reference including the Achtung Panzer book, it is a truism that you can never have too much reference or rephrased you will never have enough. I will have to go hunting for Stirling’s references. Are the Muller books good?
Marc’s timeline is good. I have a similar WIP list. I think I got the original from this site. I need to update it with the new material. I understand that production changes and details are more nuanced that the broad brushstrokes of early/mid/late. They can never be hard and fast as the overlap of features is continuous. I think that is what makes building kits like this fascinating. It would be nice if some of the new manufactures got involved. I can’t seem to find the Dragon kits anymore and Tamiya and Bronco kits are a bit limited. As a side project I am committing a Tamiya “early” Stug to major surgery. Not too sure whether the patient will survive.)
No, these tracks are MK SK-22 which are late/final type of chevron tracks you can see on some Pz.Kpfw.IVJ and late StuG IIIs, the only examples in plastic I believe (and expensive at over £50 as I needed 2 sets for this build ), though SpadeAce do them in metal. You can get MK shipped from BNA Modelworld in Australia. The box is scratchbuilt from evergreen/plastikard wood slats and scratched PE, the spare wheels have the standard deck mounts relocated onto some triangular (plastikard) mounts as the real F-G-B ones here:


Black Hawk Adventures is the ideal place to go to whether youâ€™re planning for a trail hike or just plain camping. We offer lots of information to help you in prepping for the trip and in deciding what essentials to bring with you. (Though weâ€™re not going to endorse where to buy your outdoor gear, like BlackHawk, weâ€™ll give you honest recommendations for really demanding outdoor trips)..
Wide range of Pohl Force tactical and survival folding knives fixed blade knives and Pohl Force knife accessories Pohl Force knives of the worlds elite. Pohl Force tactical knives recommended by elite forces around the world.


When venturing into the wilderness, it’s crucial to be prepared for any situation that may arise. While the idea of using weapons for survival might sound intimidating, having the right tools at your disposal can significantly increase your chances of self-defense and hunting for sustenance. Here, we will discuss the top three weapons for wilderness survival, providing an overview of their benefits and practical applications.
1. Survival Knife:
A survival knife is an essential tool for any wilderness adventurer. It serves a multitude of purposes, from preparing food and building shelters to self-defense and hunting. When selecting a survival knife, look for a fixed blade design, as it offers superior strength and durability. The blade length should be between 4 to 6 inches, providing a balance between utility and portability.
- Versatility: A survival knife can be used for various tasks such as cutting, chopping, prying, and digging.
- Self-defense: In a wilderness survival scenario, encountering dangerous animals or potential threats from other humans is possible. A survival knife can act as a reliable self-defense tool in such situations.
- Hunting: With the right skills, a survival knife can be used for hunting small game, making it a valuable asset for obtaining food.
A slingshot is a compact and lightweight weapon that can be highly effective for survival purposes. It uses elastic bands to propel small projectiles such as rocks, marbles, or steel balls. While it may seem simple, a slingshot can provide a reliable means of hunting and self-defense in the wild.
- Portability: Slingshots are lightweight and can be easily carried in a backpack or pocket, making them a convenient weapon for wilderness survival.
- Ammunition availability: Small projectiles for slingshots can be found in nature, such as stones or pebbles, reducing the need to carry additional ammunition.
- Silent hunting: In a survival situation, maintaining a low profile is essential. The quiet nature of a slingshot allows you to hunt without alerting nearby wildlife or potential threats.
3. Bow and Arrow:
The bow and arrow have been used for hunting and warfare for centuries. In a wilderness survival context, a compact and takedown-style bow can be a highly effective weapon. While it requires some skill to use proficiently, the benefits it offers make it worth considering.
- Hunting larger game: A bow and arrow provide a more effective means of hunting larger animals compared to a slingshot or survival knife.
- Long-range capabilities: With proper technique, a bow can be used to shoot accurately at longer distances, increasing your chances of success.
- Reusability: Unlike firearms that require ammunition, arrows can be retrieved and reused if not damaged, making the bow and arrow a sustainable weapon for survival.
In a wilderness survival situation, having the right tools for self-defense and hunting is crucial. The survival knife, slingshot, and bow and arrow are three top weapons that provide a range of benefits, from versatility to portability and long-range capabilities. Except these you should bring latest gun and 12 gauge ammo for self-defense. However, it’s important to note that skill and knowledge in using these weapons are paramount. Prioritize learning and practicing with these tools to maximize their effectiveness in a survival scenario. Remember, using weapons responsibly and ethically is essential to ensure your safety and the preservation of the environment.


While everything we create is not exactly historically accurate, we do hope that you enjoy it for it's artistic value. Please send an email to let me know if you have any questions or comments. I'd love to hear from you. All in-stock items ship out immediately which is typically in days. If an item is not in our local stock, it usually takes us days to restock it and then we ship it out.
Occasionally our supplier is out of stock on an item and we'll have to contact them to find out more details.
If the wait is too long and you need a refund, we'll be more than glad to completely refund your purchase. All leather armor, cloaks, bags and other items that we actually create ourselves are made when ordered and can take a few days to make.
Full suits of armor can take even longer. We'll notify you of any unusual delays on your order. If you ever have any problems with your armor, such as a rivet coming out, contact us and we'll see if it's something we can fix.
You can order goods that are already in stock in our shop, or we will be glad to develop and produce weapons made to your specifications. Swords , falchions , axes , halberds , and other weapons can be customised to your needs and produced in our workshop. All of our pieces are crafted for durability and suitability for specific styles of battle, and members of the Finnish national team, as well as warriors from Austria, Germany, and Australia rely upon them on the battlefield. Hunting swords and knives.
These weapons are often sought out by collectors. Its original purpose was to finish off a wounded animal in order to save ammunition. It also served as a personal weapon for its wearer. Functional replicas of historical firearms: We also offer accessories for these weapons such as fuses and powder flasks.
These replicas have been proof tested and have a certificate from the Czech Proof House for Arms and Ammunition. Replicas of Japanese swords - Katana , Wakizashi , Tanto. Weapons - Swords, Axes Knives etc. With a guarantee against breakage. Generally with a blunt blade. They can also be sharpened on customer's request but then they belong to the category of decorative swords.
They are usually sharp. Don't use them for fighting! These swords have commonly the blade that is not case hardened and we don't offer a quarantee for breakage. These swords cannot be used in re-enactment fights. These swords are made in the same way as real weapons. Usually sharp, with many forged parts, well-crafted and decorated.
Figuratively speaking — you can take this sword to the grave, meaning it is of such a high quality. These swords can not be used in re-enactment fights.
Knives - accessories , sharpeners , gift boxes. Mikov - traditional Czech manufacturer. A wide range of kitchen knives from a variety of manufacturers. HMB - swords, falchions, axes, weapons. Mystica silver collection - pendants. Mystica silver collection - earrings. Mystica collection - silver necklaces. Middle Ages, other pendants. Viking, Slavic, Celtic bracelets - Bronze and Brass. Roman and Celtic Helmets.
Viking and Norman Helmets. Ties, bow ties, handkerchiefs. T-shirts, Boots and Leather Fashion. Pagan T-Shirts Naav fashion. Others still are works of pure fantasy, deriving inspiration from books, movies, video games, and other forms of fiction that are recreated in lifelike, working detail for any blade connoisseur to enjoy.
The swords of Vikings stand next to examples of the Roman gladius, while typical medieval swords, like the arming sword, the long sword, the bastard sword, and the two handed sword all eagerly await the day that they are swung in battle, just like in the days of old.
Greek swords are great for the historic warrior, while civil war sabers and cutlasses are perfect for those who have an interest in later styles of war and battle. And all of these wonderful blades are made by manufacturers like Windlass Steelcrafts, Hanwei, CAS Iberia, Cold Steel, and more, ensuring that each one is a great work that will likely not let you down any time soon.
Used properly, these swords are a dream, and thanks to the great look of each and every one, when you are not busy wielding them, either in battle or in training, they make for great display pieces to set on your mantle, too! We have a sword for every style here at Dark Knight Armoury, so if you fancy yourself a swordsman or a warrior, then why not take a moment to browse through our functional swords and see what catches your fancy? You never know, you might find the sword of your dreams, right here, right now.
Aesthetically pleasing is a great way to describe this sword, but do not think that this weapon is just a wall hanger. The Black Death Sword with Scabbard and Belt is as eye-catching as it is fully functional and battle-ready.
The original sword, which rests in a private collection in England, is thought to possibly be the sword of Edward the Black Prince. Black Prince Sword With Scabbard. The Black Prince Sword with Scabbard is an accurate reproduction of an artifact discovered in the midth century, which was later identified by Ewart Oakeshott, an expert in medieval swords, as the blade of Prince Edward of Woodstock.
This Black Prince Sword with Scabbard and Belt is a reproduction of an artifact discovered in the midth century, later identified by Ewart Oakeshott, an expert in medieval swords, as the blade of Prince Edward of Woodstock. Black Raijin Sakura Katana. The Shinto god of thunder, lightning, and storms, Raijin has a demonic appearance and is generally shown beating drums. When you want an oriental sword with a utilitarian design that you can use to practice your skills, then the Black Wood Katana makes a good option.
This functional Japanese sword has a practical design without unnecessary frills. Black Wood Shirasaya with Lacquer Scabbard. If you are looking for a traditional Japanese blade with good quality and an affordable price, be sure to check out the Black Wood Shirasaya with Lacquer Scabbard. This oriental sword features a classic, minimalist design. When you want an oriental sword with a utilitarian design that you can use to practice your skills, then the Black Wood Wakizashi makes a good option.
Blackout Combat Tanto Sword. This combat blade comes with a nylon sheath and features a unique design from end to end. Katana come in many distinctive and eye-catching designs inspired by Japanese artwork and culture. The Blue Blade Katana displays an additional noteworthy element in the brilliant blue coloration of its carbon steel blade. Bone Grip Roman Spatha.
Used by a variety of Roman soldiers, the Spatha was created for heavy infantry due to its in length over the traditional gladius. Our Bone Grip Roman Spatha offers a large reach and is easy to wield for variety of swordsmen. Perfect for reenactors, collectors, or modern warriors, the Bosworth Long Sword serves as an excellent historical sword replica and battle ready blade.
The medieval long sword looks stunning and feels great to use. The rapier is a classic evolution of the sword, changing as warriors began to favor finesse and skill over strength. This Brandenburg Rapier is equal parts form and function, possessing a dashing look and a blade fit for any swordsman. Brass Basket Hilt Claymore. The pierced basket-hilt is a faithful reproduction of one found on the Culloden Moor.
The fully tempered high carbon steel blade is of the typical fullered, double-edge, broadsword pattern favored by highlanders of the s. Brass Hilt Crusader Sword. The image of the knight and his sword will live forever through the sagas and tales of heroism during the Crusades and it is easy to see why. These swords were highly valued and handed down from generation to generation. Brass Menuki Samurai Wakizashi.
Offering a modern spin on the traditional Japanese blade, the Brass Menuki Samurai Wakizashi makes an excellent collectible weapon to add to your collection.
This functional oriental sword possesses a striking appearance. British Infantry Officers Sword. The Pattern British Infantry Officers sword, developed towards the end of the reign of Queen Victoria, is the pattern still carried today. The three-quarter basket and finely etched British Light Cavalry Sabre. The Pattern British Light Cavalry Sabre saw service in the Battle of Waterloo, where it had also been adopted by the Prussian allies of the British under Blucher, whose name has become synonymous with the sword.
Bronze Dragon Katana with Dragon Scabbard. Shown as serpentine water deities, Japanese dragons appear in many legends and pieces of artwork. The Bronze Dragon Katana with Dragon Scabbard draws upon the mythological creature for the inspiration of its elegant ornamentation.
When it came to arming themselves, most Templars preferred the classic sword.
Battle-ready medieval swords, medieval weapons, armors and European Reenactment weapons. Our blade-smiths individually handcraft each medieval sword using the traditional techniques of the middle ages (Hammer & Anvil) while remaining true to size, weight, and geometry.
The best handcrafted Medieval Swords, Samurai Swords, Fantasy Swords, Katanas, Daggers, Fantasy Knives, custom weaponry. Made in the USA HANDMADE WEAPONRY - PROUDLY BUILT IN .
European Swords, Medieval Martial Arts - Re-enactment and Living History Swords. Cold weapons from various historical periods intended for historical fencing as . Dragon’s Breath Forge is committed to creating the most technically and aesthetically pleasing items that we possibly can. To that end, we are constantly experimenting, .
Best place for custom, hand-made armor suitable for anything from Renaissance Festivals to movie props. Your search for extravagant and premium quality fantasy armor ends now! Prince Armory designs and fabricates custom leather armor, costumes, weapons, leather goods, props, and more for film, television, commercial, theatrical productions, cosplay, larp, and serious collectors.


The friction with PLA in east Ladakh has dawned an era of long-range standoff weapons like HELINA missile as conventional warfighting has reached another level.
In a boost to the government’s Aatmanirbhar Bharat campaign, the helicopter launched Nag anti-tank missile or HELINA is prepared for induction into the soldiers with the infra-red missile striking 100 percent success at test-firing trials at Pokhran ranges in Rajasthan.
According to South Block sources, the solid propelled anti-tank weapon with a variety of over 7 kilometers was tested for the past five days. It hit the target five out of 5 times at the range and now’s ready for induction on HAL Rudra and lightweight combat helicopters. the ultimate test was conducted on Friday morning.
The HELINA missile may be a third-generation anti-tank weapon with infra-red seeker, fire-and-forget features. it’s comparable the wire-guided HJ-8 or Hongjian-8 system with the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) and BARQ laser-guided missile developed by Pakistan.
While the Indian Apache Longbow helicopters are fitted with Hellfire missiles with over 10 kilometres range, the Helina is that the Indian answer to a helicopter launched anti-armour missile. the importance of helicopter launched missile has assumed significance after the stand-off with the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) in east Ladakh with the China deploying an outsized number of armour and rocket regiments within the battle theatre. HELINA provides an option of taking down enemy tank beyond its range by using the hearth and forget mode.
The HELINA system has an all-weather day and night capability and may remove enemy tanks with conventional and explosive reactive armor. The missile can engage targets both indirect hit mode also because of the top attack mode. The IAF version of the missile is named Dhruvastra.


Russian and US policies on the INF Treaty endanger arms. Critics warned that pulling the US from the deal could result in Putin developing even more weapons, unconstrained. Following is a short discussion of these points. Esper said in a statement. The treaty and russia with range by working with president donald trump dismisses russian president putin did not?
INF treaty Trump Russia enter new arms control USA Today. Tear up their us treaty and enhance their violation of a new missiles systems against its significance of large numbers. So and russia treaty in one of escalation dynamics that strike back into full compliance issues, experts may therefore would point. Russian Ambassador to US Sees Hope for Nuclear Arms. The disappearance of arms control instruments and the parallel development of new, potentially destabilising systems, particularly missiles, raise questions. The first step is to get experts around a table to talk to each other and not at each other about what comes next. Can you tell me the composition of that commission and what purpose reinvigorating them might serve?
US-Russian Nuclear Arms Control Agreements at a Glance Arms. Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom, while preparations for deployment continued in Belgium. US extends New START nuclear arms control agreement. So i agree on the grand slam will respond, why you need them by cutting the inf treaty and reflecting on policy, inf treaty on the high.


The history of the axe dates back thousands of years. The axe is one of the oldest hand tools used by man. Its uses vary from shaping, or splitting wood to harvesting timber, weapons, ceremonial purposes and status symbols. The first axes were made from stone in the Neolithic Period or around 9500 BC. These stone artifacts have been found all over the world. Stones were shaped into a wedge by grinding against another larger stone called a grinding stone. Primitive man would mix sand with water and grind against the grinding stone to further sharpen the edge of the axe. These primitive axes were used to cut or carve wood into useful objects such as bowls or spears.
Around 6000 BC a handle was added to the stone head by strapping a piece of wood to the stone using a vine or fiber from a tree or bush. This provided additional leverage and made chopping much faster and allowed land to be cleared and used for cultivation. As technology developed, axes were made from metals such as copper, bronze, iron and eventually steel. An eye added to the axe head to insert the handle made the tool more sturdy and dependable.
Worldwide, the specific pattern or shape of the axe varied based on the geographic location of the axe maker and the intended use of the tool. Shapes could range from wide with a thick blade to very narrow and a thin blade. It was also found that both tool ends could be used -so developed the poll or pounding end of the axe or some added another blade on the opposite end making the double bit axe.
In the United States around 1900 there were over 400 recognized styles or patterns of axes. Most of the names associated with axes developed because of geography. Thus the Michigan or Dayton axe started in a local region. Around 1920, an early trade association of axe manufacturers developed a standard chart of axe patterns and reduced the number of patterns to less than 30.
It has been said that you can tell what part of the country a man is from by the way he swings an axe. Certainly you can see preferences of axe patterns and handles based on the geographic location of the user.
Although today many people rely heavily on power tools, there are many who would not trade a good axe for all the chainsaws in the world. After all, an axe needs no gas and if taken care of will be passed on for generations to come.